text:
|Intro | DxOMark Score | Portrait, Landscape and Sport | How fair is DxOMark ?
Four top-level graphs
After this somewhat abstract and lengthy introduction, let's bring on more real benchmark data for actual cameras.
Figure 2 shows the DxOMark Camera Sensor score along all four vertical axes. The DxOMark Camera Sensor scores are currently between 27 (for an old Panasonic model with a tiny sensor) and 96 (for the Nikon D800E with its full-frame sensor). Future scores could and will likely exceed 100 at some point. The DxOMark Camera Sensor score is based on three more detailed measurements which we will discuss later ("dynamic range", "ISO" and "color depth"). This is what I called the 2nd level of the 4-level data pyramid. But for now, we are still at the 1st level: a single score.
Don't get hung up on score differences of only a few points: 5 points is roughly the smallest visible difference in actual photos (DxO says it is equivalent to 1/3 stop). The measurements themselves appear to be repeatable in DxO's lab to within one or two points[i].
The four graphs shown in Figure 2 respectively show:
a. the impact of the sensor's physical size on the top-level score,
b. the correlation between the overall score and the (rough) price of the camera,
c. how digital cameras have evolved over the past 10 years, and
d. how image quality is related to sensor resolution (= MPixels).
To save you some scrolling and squinting, each of these four graphs in Figure 2 will be shown enlarged when it is discussed.
Sensor size impact on image noise
The horizontal axis in Figure 2a represents sensor size relative to a "full-frame" sensor (24´36 mm). A relative size of 0.5 thus means that the sensor's diagonal is half that of a full-frame sensor and that the crop factor is 2.0× compared to a full-frame sensor. Sensors with a relative sensor size of 0.5 exist and happen to be called "Four Thirds"[ii].
Figure 2a shows (from left to right):
The smaller dots represent older models and the color scale[iii] represents sensor size: orange are the relatively tiny sensors, 4/3 and APS-C are shown in shades of green, cyan is mainly Canon's 1.3x EOS 1D series, blue is for full-frame, and purple, magenta and red are "medium-format" sizes.
Figure 2a shows some interesting information:
Price versus image quality
In Figure 2b we can see:
Older versus newer cameras
The data shown in Fig. 2c is essentially the same information shown in Figure 1, but with less annotation.
Having too many MPixels doesn't really help
It is important to realize that
DxOMark's Camera Sensor score does not reward a sensor for having a high resolution.
Instead, the score is a measure for achievable print quality for typical use cases where print quality is not limited by sensor resolution. Obviously this assumes sufficient lens quality, and that the photographer knows how to get the most out of the equipment.
So… why did DxO decide not to factor sensor resolution into the DxOMark Camera Sensor score? Firstly, this is because current sensor resolution is generally high enough for producing gallery-quality prints. Secondly, lens sharpness (rather than sensor resolution) is often the weakest link when it comes to achievable resolution. 60 line pairs per millimeter is considered an exceptionally good lens resolution. D-SLR sensors have a typical pixel pitch of 4-6 µm, corresponding to 125-90 line pairs per millimeter.
As this is important, let's double check this by estimating what resolution is needed for high quality prints. At 250 DPI print resolution, A4 (8.3"×11.7") or A3 sized prints respectively require 5 and 10 MPixels. In these estimates we assumed some white space around the actual photo. Because 250 DPI equals about 100 pixels per square millimeter, our eyes will have a tough time assessing this sharpness without a loupe. In my own experience, a 6 MPixel Canon 10D can produce great A3 prints[viii] without any fancy sharpening acrobatics - providing that you used fine lenses.
These numbers are a bit surprising when you consider that sensors only measure one color per "pixel" and thus lack information compared to true pixel as defined on screens or prints (due to the Bayer mosaic[ix]). Fortunately the camera industry is quite good at reconstructing the missing color information using fancy demosaicing[x] algorithms. It also helps that our eyes are not especially good at seeing abrupt color changes unless these coincide with sudden brightness changes. If you want to check this, the comma in the middle of this sentence is actually blue instead of black. You will probably find this hard to see against a white background. So even when viewed at "100%", images taken with good lenses can look surprisingly sharp.
But wouldn't we need more pixels for say A2-sized prints (15" × 20" print area)? Not necessarily: if you view bigger prints from a larger distance in order to see the image in its entirety, the required resolution doesn't increase further and stays at the level of the (angular) resolving power of our eyes.
You will be hard-pressed to buy a new SLR camera below 16 MPixels (see Figure 3), so those extra MPixels enable you to crop your images during post-processing if needed - again assuming your lenses are top-notch. And high resolution numbers also helps impress your (male) friends at the bar or possibly the customers at your gallery.
Figure 3 shows how resolution increased over the years. As indicated by the title at the top, this particular diagram shows than the 187 cameras tested by DxOMark as well as various still untested[xi] cameras.
The MPixels shown along the vertical axis of Figure 3 corresponds to the general public's measure for image quality. The rather inaccurate view that "more MPixels means higher quality" can be easily disproven by comparing Figure 2 (image quality) to Figure 3 (MPixels). For example, take the orange Canon Powershot G-series: going from the G10 to the G11, the resolution was reduced from 14.7 to 10 MPixels while image quality improved if we assume that A3-sized gallery-quality prints are more than enough for the target users.
Other highlights of Figure 3:
But having too many MPixels doesn't harm either
More MPixels imply larger image files, thus slowing down image processing and file transfer. But the good news is that more MPixels do not increase image noise - despite a widespread belief to the contrary.
The reason for this is that when you scale down[xii] to a resolution required for displaying or printing, the resulting noise and dynamic range of the output pixels improve (assuming well behaved rescaling software). The resulting noise and dynamic range after scaling are then in theory identical to what you would have had if you had started off with a sensor with exactly the required resolution to begin with. And you may end up with a slightly sharper image as a bonus – but this is off-topic here.
Let's look at this reasoning more closely. We will essentially discuss a bit of basic algebra – but I will leave out the actual formulas because they scare away most readers.
Figure 4 shows an accurate analogy to collecting photons or the basic "particles" of light: measuring the rate of rainfall by collecting rain in cups. We might decide to measure the rainfall with a single large bowl. Or, alternatively, we could use for example 4, 16 or 64 smaller cups. In all these cases the effective area used for catching drops is assumed to stay the same[xiii].
In the example with 64 cups, I exposed these cups to a simulated rainfall that caused each cup to get on average 5 drops of rain during the exposure. For visual clarity I used really big drops (hailstones?) or – if you prefer – minute cups. However, for the signal-to-noise ratio the size of the cups doesn't matter. Due to the statistics (Poisson distribution[xiv] with "λ=5", in the jargon of statisticians), on average only 17% of the cups will contain exactly 5 drops of rain after the exposure. Some cups will instead have 4 drops (17% chance) or 6 drops (15% chance), but some may contain 9 drops (4% chance) or even remain dry (0.7% chance) during the exposure to the rain.
In the following, instead of saying "λ=5" to mean that we are exposing the grid long enough that we expect – on average – exactly 5 units to end up in each cup/pixel, we will say N=5 to avoid any confusion[xv] with the wavelength of light (commonly denoted with λ by scientists).
This phenomenon explains a major source of pixel noise ("photon shot noise"[xvi]). This source is unavoidable and especially noticeable with small pixels, in dark shadows or at high ISO settings. The corresponding light level is shown in Figure 4 as a projected gray-scale image below the cups: empty or near-empty cups correspond to black pixels and full or almost full cups correspond to white pixels.
Now let's look at an array of 16 (instead of 64) cups. Each cup is 4× larger and will thus, on average, catch exactly 20 drops instead of 5 drops. But, after scaling, the measurements obviously result in the same estimated rainfall[xvii]. Due to Poisson statistics, we may occasionally (9% chance) encounter exactly 20 drops in a cup, but we may also encounter 18 drop (8%), 21 drops (9%), or 25 drops (5%). The odds of observing 4 or 36 drops are very small but non-zero. So, although larger cups will have slightly more absolute variation when expressed in drops than smaller cups, the relative variation expressed in volume of water per surface will actually decrease as the cup size increases[xviii].
The point here is that proper scaling allows us to get exactly the same signal and noise levels using many small cups (pixels) or using an equivalent surface area covered with a few large cups (pixels)[xix]. Thus a set of 4 cups will give you exactly the same information as a single bigger cup with a 4x larger surface area would have: just carefully pour the content of the 4 small cups into one big cup before measuring. Or weight all 4 cups together and subtract their empty weight.
Per-pixel sensor noise
Our cups-and-drops analogy gives a basic[xx] model of pixel behavior.
Now let's calculate what happens when we have plenty of light falling on a light sensor. Real pixels in a full frame 36 MPixel Nikon D800(E) with 5 mm photodiodes can hold roughly 40,000 free electrons[xxi] that are temporarily knocked loose within the CMOS or CCD sensor by photons. If you apply even more light, the pixel can no longer measure the difference: this is known as "saturation" to sensor experts or "burnt highlights" to photographers.
For a high-end compact camera with 2 mm photodiodes, N drops to maybe 6,400 because of the smaller pixels. For a decent medium-format sensor, N might reach 100,000 electrons.
A value of N=40,000 for the Nikon D800(E) implies noise level fluctuations in the order of 200 electrons. This is because, for a Poisson distribution, the "standard deviation" equals the square-root of the expected average. A ratio of 40,000 to 200 gives a signal-to-noise ratio of 200:1 (typically 200 electron variation on an average measured value of 40,000; "46 dB"[xxii] in engineer-speak). This is under the best possible circumstances: it is the noise level within an image highlight at the camera's "base" ISO setting (say 100 ISO) when you are "exposing to the right" (meaning: just before saturating the highlights).
So instead of N=5, N=20, N=80 and N=320 as simulated in Figure 4, actual sensors have "full well capacity values" or N values of thousands or tens of thousands of electrons per pixel. The basic math, however, stays the same and tells us that if N=40,000, the photon shot noise levels in the highlights are imperceptible to the eye[xxiii]. For an example, see the well exposed part of Photo 1 as recorded on a Nikon D800 at 100 ISO.
Now let's consider parts of an image that are exposed four stops lower (-4 EV, 6% gray) than the highlights. This holds for the blurred shadow in Photo 1. Each pixel here holds a signal of about 40,000/(2×2×2×2) electrons or N=2,500. This gives a noise level of 50 electrons and a signal-to-noise ratio of 50:1 or 33 dB[xxiv]. That level of noise is normally almost invisible, but we can see it by pixel peeping at a blurred featureless area within this 100% crop. Remember that the original image is 36 MPixel image and that we are thus seeing only 1.5% of the image. The lesson here is that even at 100 ISO, dark shadows exhibit noise that can be seen (if you deliberately go look for noise) on any camera[xxv].
We will now make matters worse by simulating the wedding photographer's shooting without with only ambient light in the ambience of a dimly lit castle. Say this requires boosting the ISO from say 100 to 3200 ISO (see Photo 3). This means that we are underexposing the sensor by 32×!
Boosting ISO settings on a digital camera merely underexposes the sensor, and cranks up the resulting image/signal by analog amplification or by digital multiplication.
They already told you that, right?
So exposing our dark 6% gray at 3200 ISO, leaves us with an average signal level of a measly 78 electrons per pixel, with a noise level of 9 electrons - resulting in a highly visible signal-to-noise ratio of 9:1 or "19 dB".
It is worth noting that, once you have a "full well capacity" of 40,000 electrons, the rest is just plain laws of physics. These laws cannot be changed by smart engineers or overoptimistic R&D managers. In other words, the preceding calculations tell you roughly[xxvi] the upper limit of what any past, present or future digital camera can do.
Regardless of whether you use CCDs, CMOS, back-side illumination or even a future invention: a sensor can (and will) perform worse than these theoretical limits at high ISO – especially when the value of N is low - due to additional noise sources within the electronics[xxvii]. Estimates of these extra noise sources made by curve fitting DxOMark data can be found at www.sensorgen.info.
BUT... per-pixel sensor noise is not very relevant
This gets us back to "smaller pixels give higher per-pixel noise levels". This is a fact and we showed you how the math for this works. But, fortunately for us users, per-sensor-pixel noise is the wrong metric for prints[xxviii]. Printing implies scaling to a (let's assume lower) fixed resolution of (arbitrarily!) 8 MPixels. If the scaling is done well, it exactly cancels out the extra per-pixel noise which you got by starting out with more than the required 8 million MPixels.
So the following four scenarios for reducing image resolution give you the same signal levels and the same noise levels – at least according to our simplified model:
Here is another example: a 60 MPixel sensor in a Phase One P65+ camera back should[xxx] give the same print quality and the same DxOMark Camera Sensor score as:
By coincidence (as I later heard from a DxO expert) DxOMark has actually tested the second scenario for the P65+ digital back: in its "Sensor+"[xxxi] mode with 15 MPixel output, it gets the same DxOMark Camera Sensor score as in its 60 MPixel native mode. This is reassuring for the validity of the scaling formulas.
I incidentally believe that a similar conclusion holds when you increase resolution rather than decrease it, but that case is less relevant and harder to explain in a simple way. In essence the numbers like 8 MPixels or ratios of 4:1 are just arbitrary examples. If we had explained all this using formulas instead of examples, the number 8 MPixel would have been a parameter that would have disappeared ("cancelled out") in the final result.
Resolution and DxOMark Camera Sensor score
To summarize, the DxOMark Camera Sensor score is "normalized" to compensate for differences in sensor resolution. In other words, the DxOMark Camera Sensor benchmark doesn't "punish" high-resolution sensors for having lots of small pixels that are individually relatively noisy. And similarly, the benchmark doesn't favor using large pixels despite their lower per-pixel noise. This is not some kind of ideology or marketing manager's claim: it is just the result of calculating how the noise level of different input resolutions would result in noise after scaling to a single output resolution.
Having said all that, let's go back to the benchmark data in Figure 2d. Despite theory explaining why squeezing more MPixels into the same sensor area shouldn't impact image-level noise, Figure 2d seems to suggest that higher-resolution sensors actually have better performance than lower resolution sensors. This doesn't support the myth that "increased resolution increases noise": it in fact shows increased resolution providing decreased noise (=higher scores).
This is firstly because high resolution sensors might be bigger than lower resolution sensors, and bigger sensors have less noise. It is also because lower resolution sensors tend to be older, and sensor performance has increased over time. There is little interest in low resolution sensors, especially now that you can get high resolution sensors without a noise- or price penalty.
Question: But what about the 16 MPixel D4 that is outperformed by the 36 MPixel D800(E). These were both developed by Nikon simultaneously (launched within one month of each other) and have the same sensor size.
Again, this is no evidence supporting the "high resolution gives high noise" myth. In fact, it would support a "high resolution gives low noise" myth! In this particular case the sensors are manufactured[xxxii] by different factories and are thus not entirely comparable.
Question: If high-resolution has no drawbacks, why not produce 50 MPixel APS-C or "4/3" sensors?
Answer: The pixel pitch would drop down to about 2.75 µm or below. At that resolution, lenses are generally the bottleneck[xxxiii] - so you won't see much improvement in actual system resolution. Furthermore, at some point, pixels become so small that the assumed idealized scaling (with an assumed constant fill factor and constant "quantum" efficiency) will no longer apply: four 2.5×2.5 µm pixels together would capture less light than one 5×5 µm pixel (because of wiring that gets in the way, mechanical overlay tolerances on filters, "fill factor", etc). The resulting decrease in signal-to-noise ratio would negatively impact the DxOMark Camera Sensor score.
Bigger lenses for bigger sensors? (optional reading)
To summarize: larger sensors (rather than larger pixels) have less image noise. This is because a larger sensor area can capture more light – more or less regardless of the number of MPixels the chip's surface has been divided into.
But in order to capture more light using a larger sensor, you need a physically larger lens to capture more light to maintain the same exposure setting[xxxiv]. Here is a quantitative example:
This sounds credible: bigger sensors require "bigger glass" assuming that you want to use the same shutter speeds at the same ISO setting. Alternatively, you can use a 150 mm f/4 lens instead of the 150mm f/2.8 lens. Either you underexpose your image 2×, and thus end up with no noise level improvement over the original full-frame sensor.
Finer points about sensor scaling (optional reading)
Note that, in the previous section, we decreased the depth of field when switching from 105 mm f/2.8 to 150 mm f/2.8. This is consistent with convention wisdom that "larger sensors have smaller depth of field".
But this only applies if there is a good reason to stick to f/2.8. In February 2012, Falk Lumo argued that, for example, a 105 mm f/2.8 lens should be compared or considered "equivalent" to a 150 mm f/4 lens on a 1.4x larger sensor. This may sound odd, but keep in mind that we tend to consider the 105 mm lens equivalent to a 150 mm on the larger format as they give the same image. So it wouldn't make sense to automatically assume that setting all numbers the same across sensor sizes automatically gives you a fair comparison.
So, in his white paper[xxxv], Falk addresses the question whether it is feasible to make images taken with two cameras with different sensor sizes look indistinguishable. He calls this "camera equivalence". In other words, Falk's reasoning implies that the old wisdom that "larger sensors produce images with smaller depth of field (DoF)" and the newer digital wisdom that "larger sensors have better noise performance" are both an artifact of not comparing equivalent cameras.
So, to keep the DoF in our example equivalent you would need to use a 150 mm lens at f/4. But this in turn increases the exposure time by 2x compared to using a 150 mm lens at f/2.8. So Falk's approach implies doubling the ISO value to essentially underexpose the image (while correcting during in-camera image processing). This in turn cancels out the noise benefit of having a large sensor. This obviously won't make the large sensor owner happy, but does meet Falk's goal of comparing equivalent cases. Once you reached that plateau of enlightenment, you can then presumably understand the subtle engineering tradeoffs which make one camera size fundamentally more attractive than another.
Table 1. Five in theory indistinguishable camera configurations
Four Thirds
Full Frame
"Large sensor"
Rel. crop factor
Rel. sensor area
25 MPixels
Pixel pitch
0.75 mm
1.5 mm
3 mm
6 mm
12 mm
Focal length
12.5 mm
25 mm
50 mm
100 mm
200 mm
Angle of view
Apert. diameter
25 mm
25 mm
25 mm
25 mm
25 mm
Full-well capacity
40 ke
40 ke
40 ke
40 ke
40 ke @ 400 ISO
Let's test the implications of this theory by simply applying it across a 16´ range of sensor sizes. We arbitrarily chose a light telephoto lens and a 25 MPixel camera[xxxvi]. This gives us the above table of cameras that would produce images that should be indistinguishable – even in a forensic lab (no wisecracks about EXIF fields please – we are doing high science here kids!). The red numbers are values that are impractical or impossible to design.
One conclusion is that we could take a workable smaller reference camera and easily produce the same results on a camera with a larger sensor. But this "emulation" comes at a cost: we may be using a f/4 lens at f/8 just to get the same depth of field. And we would be using only 25% of the 160 k-electron full-well capacity (by operating at 400 ISO instead of the native 100 ISO) just to keep the shutter speed the same. So we are essentially either under-utilizing a fancy larger sensor camera or assuming a less technology challenging larger sensor camera.
Using a smaller sensor has the opposite problem: it demands a lens on the small camera that is unrealistically fast. And it assumes we have the technology to achieve unchanged full-well capacities within smaller pixels. If we did have that technology, we could presumably have made the full-frame camera perform better.
So all this confirms in a roundabout way that large sensors can outperform small sensors or can alternatively match them using more straightforward technology.
Falk Lumo's equivalence criterion shows you with scientific rigor that you might spend more on a larger camera without achieving any visible benefits whatsoever. But if you maintain f-stop values with increasing sensor size (and accept or even welcome the smaller DoF) you can conceivably get better image quality using a larger sensor.
The repeatability of the score can be estimated by comparing the scores for virtually identical cameras. These pairs of twins include:
They are called Four Thirds because that is their width to height ratio. Many sensor size names in this industry are obscure at best: so called "1 inch" sensors are much smaller than one inch.[iii]
The scale is a continuous color gradient (Matlab-style colormap). If you want to use the same coloring convention formula to represent sensor size, contact me for help.[iv]
Sony calls this "translucent", but this is technically not a very appropriate term. Frosted glass is translucent. Using the right term keeps Ken Rockwell happy ;-)[v]
In principle, the semi-transparent mirror gives a handicap of a few points because the mirror diverts some light for the autofocus sensor. This handicap gives slightly lower scores, but is relatively minor: 70% of the light reaches the sensor. That is equivalent to loosing 0.5 stop of light. 15 points was 1 stop according to DxO, so photographing through Sony's pellicle mirror (or through a 0.5 EV gray filter) should cost about 8 DxOMark Sensor points. Adding 8 points to the Sony Alpha 55's score (73) brings the camera on par with the Nikon D7000 (80) and Pentax K-5 (82) and Sony Alpha-580 (80) which are believed to use very similar Sony 16 MPixel sensors (likely Sony's IMX071).[vi]
Because Canon is the only supplier in the 1.6× APS-C and 1.3× APS-H categories, you should compare these against e.g. 1.5× APS-C.[vii]
Note that this may partly reflect that medium format cameras are designed for high resolution and color rendering: on a tripod, high ISO can often be avoided and in a studio there should be enough light and dynamic range can be controlled.[viii]
5 MPixel for A3 (with a bit of border) corresponds nicely to the 180 DPI lower limit recommended for gallery-quality prints in Luminous Landscape's in From Camera To Print - Fine Art Printing Tutorial.[ix]
These include some relatively new models that haven't been tested yet (e.g. Sony's NEX6), some that might not be mainstream enough to ever get tested (e.g. Leica's monochrome M8-M) as well as several noteworthy old models (e.g. Canon Powershot G7).[xii]
This scaling is often done automatically when you print or view the results.[xiii]
As sensor folks say, "they have the same fill factor" or as chip designers say "it's an optical shrink". The bowl and cup shapes shown here are horizontally scaled versions of each other, thus leading to identical fill factors.[xiv]
Prof. Eric R. Fossum (who incidentally invented the CMOS image sensor) asked permission to use this article as reading material for his students and requested the change.[xvi]
If you have the time and courage to dive deeper, there is a tutorial series at www.harvestimaging.com that quantifies numerous sources of sensor noise. It is by Albert Theuwissen, a leading expert on sensor modeling. I created a synopsis of this 100-page series in another posting (http://peter.vdhamer.com/2010/12/25/harvest-imaging-ptc-series/).[xvii]
When expressed in millimeters, or in water volume per unit of area.[xviii]
Cups that on average catch N drops during the exposure to rain will on average have a standard deviation of sqrt(N) drops. To estimate the rainfall ρ we get ρ = N × drop_volume / measurement_area. The expected value of ρ is independent of cup size. And the variation of ρ decreases when larger cups are used. In Figure 4, ρ would be the depth of the water in the cups if the cups had been cylindrical. So as N is increased (bigger cups or longer exposure), the Signal-to-Noise ratio improves. But ultimately we care about how hard it rains, rather than caring about droplets per measuring cup. If you measure rainfall with a ruler to see how deep the puddles are, you will get a result that doesn't depend on puddle size, and the noise due to drop statistics will decrease for larger pools of water.[xix]
If you still don't believe this, go read DxO's white paper "Contrary to conventional wisdom, higher resolution actually compensates for noise ". http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Publications/DxOMark-Insights/More-pixels-offset-noise![xx]
To make the model more complete, you could:
The above covers all the noise sources in the PTC tutorial on www.harvestimaging.com.[xxi]
For info on the maximum value of N or "the full well capacity", see Roger Clarke's website. See http:// www.clarkvision.com/articles/digital.sensor.performance.summary/#full_well. More recent data derived by "curve fitting" the DxOMark measurements can be found at http://www.sensorgen.info/.[xxii]
DxOMark's value for the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the Nikon D800 at 100 ISO near saturation can be found at http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/Cameras/Camera-Sensor-Database/Nikon/D800 by selecting the "Measurements" tab and then "Full SNR". At 100% gray, 100 ISO gives 43.3 dB. This is lower than the expected 46 dB due to curvature in the graph at high light intensities (likely anti-blooming or controlled overflow circuitry): extrapolation of the 100 ISO line between 0.2% gray and 10% gray results in an estimate of 46.7 dB. The latter value would correspond to N=46,777 electrons, which is in line with www.sensorgen.info 's fit of N=44,972 electrons.[xxiii]
You would get the same statistics when you measure rain using 2 liter pans. Two liters correspond to about 40,000 drops of water.[xxiv]
The actual DxOMark measurement value at 6% gray and 100 ISO is 34.4 dB.[xxv]
The only way to improve this signal-to-noise ratio is to increase the value of N. A drastic 4x decrease in the number of MPixels would boost N by 4´ and increase the signal to noise ratio by 2´ (square root of λ). We will see later that the impact of decreasing the number of MPixels is cancelled out by scaling statistics.[xxvi]
The only variable you can control the full-well capacity per unit area (bucket depth), but this number does not vary dramatically. Example: the Canon 5D2 and the 5D3 only differ by 5%. When you compensate for the difference in resolution, this is still only about 15% change in 3.5 years time.[xxvii]
See endnote 25.[xxviii]
Or, for that matter, for any other way to view an image in its entirety without zooming in and out all the time.[xxix]
Some cameras like the Canon 5D Mark II do this digitally. Canon calls these Raw modes SRaw and they have unusual MPixel ratios like 5.2 to 10.0 to 21.0.[xxx]
Note that although this scaling story holds for photon shot noise and dark current shot noise, other noise sources don't necessarily scale the same way. In particular, some very high-end CCDs can use a special analog trick ("charge binning") to sum the pixels, thus reducing the amount of times that a readout is required. This would reduce temporal noise by a further sqrt(N) where N is the number of pixels that are binned. Apart from the fact that only exotic sensors have this capability (Phase One's Pixel+ technology), DxOMark's data suggest that this extra improvement doesn't play a significant role.[xxxi]
This is due to a combination of lens quality and optical diffraction. For info on diffraction: http://www.cambridgeincolour.com/tutorials/diffraction-photography.htm[xxxiv]
Maintaining the same aperture in order to keep the same exposure time implicitly assumes that one wants to maintain the same (e.g. "base") ISO setting. As a side effect, this lowers the depth of field and lowers the noise level on larger sensors. This is often considered desirable. But as pointed out by Falk Lumo (discussed in the next section) this is only one option.[xxxv]
http://www.falklumo.com/lumolabs/articles/equivalence/ : Camera Equivalence by Falk Lumo[xxxvi]
For simplicity we assume the sensors all have the same aspect ratio or that differences in aspect ratio are cropped away in the resulting image.
To provide photographers with a broader perspective about mobiles, lenses and cameras, here are links to articles, reviews, and analyses of photographic equipment produced by DxOMark, renown websites, magazines or blogs.
Peter van den Hamer is a physicist who has been working in the Netherlands as a scientist/architect in various large high-tech and electronics companies for 25 years. In his essay – a successor to a previous article published on Luminous Landscape in early 2011 – Peter explains industry trends (based on over 50 new camera models tested by DxOMark), discusses the impact of sensor size, and provides sample photos to illustrate the impact of sensor defaults on your final images. A great example of an avid reader's use of pertinent DxOMark data! If you would like to submit an article or essay about image quality for publication, please don't hesitate to contact us!


text:
Search for Games:
Play Frozen Anna and Elsa Games!
Screen Kiss: Keep your eye on the girl and guess her position in order to kiss her.
Use your mouse to interact.
Kissing Games, Have you been kissed yet? Have you been kissed already but it was a terrible experience that you'd love to forget? It's true that first kisses can have way too much tongue! But don't live in regret! Reinvent your perfect first kiss with these fun kissing games! Choose everything from the romantic place like Paris at night to the chic clothes or glamorous make up. Design your dream boyfriend from your favorite qualities. Dress up a scene for a romantic kiss in the rain or a good-bye kiss at the airport. These are kisses you won't want to forget and kissing games you'll never want to stop playing!
Welcome to Girl Games, the largest free game site made just for girl gamers! This is the place to play free Love games in popular categories such as Dating Games, Kissing Games, Romance Games, Wedding Games, and much more!
You'll always find the cool games at Girl Games, we have all the best games from game developers like i-dressup, girlsgogames and cartoon doll emporium so you will never get bored! This month we have some amazing games like Zayn Malik Date Simulator , Keep Kissing 2 and Our Last Kiss. New games are added every Thursday, so check back for all the latest free games online!

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Recently added item(s) ×
You have no items in your shopping cart.
A beautiful way to display your favorite photo! Introducing Photo Panels by Chromaluxe. Permanent imprinting of your photo on this high gloss easel-back panel creates an exciting new dimensional display for your treasured photos with superior image clarity over a traditional photo frame. With UV protection and scratch resistant surface, these panels will last a long time!
Photo Panel Features:
(If adding text to your panel, please indicate text color in the "Layout and Special Instructions" box below)
Back to top


text:
IPIECA, the International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association, was established in 1974. It is a voluntary non-profit organization whose membership includes both petroleum companies and associations at the national, regional or international levels.
Separate working groups within IPIECA address global environmental issues related to the petroleum industry: oil spill preparedness and response, global climate change, biodiversity, social responsibility, fuel quality and vehicle emissions, and human health. IPIECA also helps members identify new global environmental and related issues and assesses their potential impact on the oil industry. It holds formal United Nations status, which allows it access as a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) to all UN negotiations. The Association represents the views of its members in public fora and provides an interface between the petroleum industry and the United Nations Agencies.


text:
LakerFan1235 wrote:^summary anybody?
LakerFan1235 wrote:^summary anybody?
Jerry Buss wrote:One of the biggest reasons I bought the Lakers was to beat the Celtics …..you just got it into your soul that you couldn't stand the Celtics anymore
Vasashi17 wrote:Pretty good read by SI's Ben Golliver:The dust has settled from the Mike Brown-to-Mike D'Antoni coaching transition, and it can now be said definitively that Lakers big man Pau Gasol was one of November's biggest winners. Why? Sadly, it's not for any reasons related to style of play or X's and O's. Rather, he simply benefited from the commotion and distraction. He's putting the finishing touches on one of the least effective months of his career and he practically escaped the negative headlines and scrutiny thanks to Brown.
As the Lakers now turn their attention from excising a failed coach to fashioning a workable future, Gasol inevitably finds himself back in the crosshairs.
While he's never been a No. 1 scoring option on Kobe Bryant's Lakers, Gasol's production has remained remarkably consistent on the macro level. In 2009, 2010 and 2011, Gasol ranked No. 3 among power forwards in Player Efficiency Rating, averaging 18 points and 10-11 rebounds and shooting no worse than 52.9 percent from the field. He took a step backward last season and this year he's fallen off a cliff. In 2011-12, Gasol ranked No. 8 among power forwards in PER, still solid, but saw his averages dip to 17.4 points and 10.4 rebounds, while shooting 50.1 percent from the field.
So far in 2012-13, Gasol is scoring a career-low 13.4 points, more than four points less than he averaged as a 21-year-old rookie, and shooting 43.4 percent from the field, his worst shooting average by more than four percentage points and 8.5 percent off his career 51.9 mark. The kicker: Gasol ranks No. 32 among power forwards in PER, squeezed between the likes of Markieff Morris and Glen Davis. Now is the time for the mandatory reminder that Gasol is being paid $19 million this season, one of the highest salaries in the league, and will make $19.3 million next season.
Gasol, as thoughtful and intelligent as NBA players come, has made it clear that he's aware of his struggles. The Orange County Register reported last week that Gasol pointed to the distribution of his shot attempts as a cause for concern.
"I'm getting most all my looks as jump shots," Gasol said. "I would like to see something close to the basket, and not just by rolling — especially when Dwight is there. But we'll see. We'll figure it out. We just started, pretty much."
Gasol added: "How I get going is by getting in the paint and creating off the post and things like that. That's historically how I've been very successful and how I've made a really good name for myself and earned my contracts. But hopefully I'll find a way or we'll find a way to get me a few opportunities there, too, and to get myself going that way and to be more effective."
ESPNLA.com added that Gasol said that he "can stretch the defense and make a couple jumpers" but that he's "not a pure jump shooter."
Gasol, through the first month of the season, is a totally different type of offensive player than he was during his strongest and most efficient stretch, from 2008 to 2010. Using numbers from HoopData.com, we can easily spot the trend Gasol called out.
As the chart indicates, in 2008-09, Gasol's first full season with the Lakers, 44 percent of his field-goal attempts came at the rim. By comparison, just 16 percent of his attempts came on shots from 16-to-23 feet, commonly referred to as long twos. So far this season, 47 percent of Gasol's attempts are long twos while just 27 percent have come at the rim. That's a massive shift away from high-efficiency shots to low-efficiency shots, a trend that slowly developed over the last two seasons before accelerating this year as the Triangle Offense became a memory. To make matters worse, Gasol is hitting just 40 percent of his long twos this season, his worst mark during his time in Los Angeles.
This tells us that Gasol was right to raise the issue. The Lakers have had three coaches in 14 games and it's been one series of adjustments after another. Another major adjustment is upcoming: the re-integration of point guard Steve Nash after he recovers from a leg injury. There's a lot that's unclear about the Lakers these days but Gasol's effectiveness isn't one of them. What he's doing now isn't working. He's putting up his worst numbers, playing at his worst efficiency levels, taking (by far) his worst collection of shots and missing more than ever. The Lakers would have a much bigger problem if Gasol wasn't sounding a siren in these conditions.
The scary part for Gasol (and the rest of the league) is this: The Lakers boast the NBA's fourth-most-efficient offense. That's with Gasol playing this ineffectively. That's with Dwight Howard still not at 100 percent. That's with Nash's having played fewer than two full games before getting injured. In the past, Gasol was a top driver of L.A.'s offensive efficiency, not an obstacle, largely thanks to his versatile game and the dominating interior duo he formed with center Andrew Bynum. Now, they are succeeding in spite of him. For Gasol, this probably feels like a fork in the road. Just about anyone can shoot long twos at a 40 percent clip. That's a totally replaceable contribution. A player of his stature is unaccustomed to feeling replaceable. If he's not doing what he does well, then what's going to keep him on the court?
The assumption, to this point, was that the Lakers' weak bench would serve to keep Gasol on the court by default. That seemed to be the case, at least until last Friday, when D'Antoni benched Gasol down the stretch of a loss to the Grizzlies in favor of Antawn Jamison. The Spaniard said that he couldn't remember the last time he had suffered that fate. "I'd like to win this game," is how D'Antoni explained his decision, adding that he meant no "disrespect."
This type of benching always carries with it a certain symbolic value and it can often be a simple wake-up call. It's also worth noting that Gasol, 32, has complained of "bothersome" tendinitis in his knees, a condition that would clearly be problematic under any coach, and particularly in D'Antoni's desired fast-paced system. Even with those explanations and extenuating circumstances in mind, Gasol's place in the Lakers' lineup, once a foregone conclusion, now feels less so. The reason: Howard.
82Games.com's lineup data reveals Gasol's critical role to the Lakers since his arrival. In 2008-09, Gasol was included in nine of the Lakers' 10 most-used five-man units. In '09-10, seven of 10. In '10-11, seven of 10. Last season, nine of 10. Bynum, meanwhile, was a less consistent presence, partly because of ongoing issues with his health. In '08-09, Bynum was in just four of L.A.'s 10 most used lineups. In '09-10, he was in five of them. In '10-11, four again. Last season, his career year, he was in seven of 10. To boil it down, Bynum was never a more regular presence in L.A.'s most-used lineups than Gasol, even when playing his best basketball.
This season has shown a minor reversal. Despite his bad back, Howard is present in eight of the Lakers' top-10 most-used five-man units. Gasol, meanwhile, is in just six of them. Howard and Gasol, to no one's surprise, are both included in four of the Lakers' five most-used five-man lineup combinations. The bigger issue for Gasol, though: Lineups that pair Jamison and Howard at power forward/center have produced uniformly positive results. If D'Antoni wants the Lakers to go smaller and faster, there's nothing yet numbers-wise that suggests Jamison/Howard is a bad idea.
It's new and different and weird not to see Gasol out there when it matters, but D'Antoni wasn't nuts for making the move and he won't be nuts if he does it again. It can be difficult to play two traditional bigs at the same time these days, and there's not much question who should stay on the court when it becomes "Howard or Gasol" time. Howard is averaging 18 points, 10.6 rebounds, 2.7 blocks and 1.4 steals. Most important, he's shooting 58.8 percent from the field. Even with his free-throw-shooting limitations, this is an easy choice, one that often went in Gasol's favor in past seasons when it came time to pick him or Bynum.
Nash's return promises to be a reckoning of sorts for Gasol. Nash will either incorporate Gasol into the offense in ways that haven't yet occurred, ways that did occur in past seasons, or he will wind up kicking Gasol down another peg. As it stands, Gasol is the clear third option and he's struggling. If you're Nash, or D'Antoni, is the priority to improve the play of the third option or to maximize the whole? How critical, exactly, is Gasol's individual play to the Lakers' big picture?
The Los Angeles Times reported D'Antoni's take on Sunday.
"Pau's a great player and he always will be a great player, so we'll keep tinkering and working. … We've got to figure out how to get him more involved. Not just him, how to get Dwight more involved. We can't have our big guys just shooting four, five or six times."
The Orange County Register reported Bryant's thoughts.
"It is still a work in progress as far as trying to figure out what we're doing. We are trying to figure out a balance of when we want to attack. Getting up and down is obviously a big part of it, which we are still trying to work on. It is a balance. If he [Gasol] feels like he needs more touches, then we will give him some. … I don't think it's really a big deal."
Gasol would be forgiven if he read that as lip service, especially in light of D'Antoni's recent statements that he wants more from small forward Metta World Peace and shooting guard Jodie Meeks. Even if the pace picks up substantially and Nash gets back to his full maestro capabilities, it's impossible for everyone to do more. Bryant has stood up to protect Gasol from endless trade rumors in the past; he's also stood up for his own role as the No. 1 option in the offense time after time. Who, exactly, will be giving up looks to placate Gasol's concerns?
The Lakers have asked Gasol to sacrifice plenty over the years, and this sure looks like another case where he will need to bend to the team rather than the other way around. His play is virtually guaranteed to improve, considering how slowly he started and how distorted his shot-distribution chart looks. Featuring him a bit more on offense when he's on the court with the Lakers' substitutes should be able to turn the rough start into a more acceptable product, but Howard isn't going away anytime soon. Gasol had to know that a transition was coming with Howard's arrival, but it's unlikely he expected that it would take place so swiftly and come so directly at his expense.
Kudos to Gasol, again, for pushing back a bit, but it's quite possible this train will move along with him as a passenger rather than as one of the conductors. That approach could still produce a title for the Lakers, but Gasol would probably do well to leave thoughts of how he "earned his contracts" in the past. The truly high-achieving days are likely gone for good.
Gasol would probably do well to leave thoughts of how he "earned his contracts" in the past. The truly high-achieving days are likely gone for good.
dwighthowardsdad wrote:Interesting article. I still don't believe we're trading him for Amare. If we do trade Pau, it will have to be for a package of players that can fit this system.
Although, I don't see anything happening until Nash returns; I just don't know how Nash is going to improve his play, though. I don't see it. So, if his production stays the same with Nash, his chances of being traded by Feb greatly increase.
Lakerman JSJ wrote:No way the Lakers trade for Amare's contract. It's beyond unlikely. Not even worth discussing.
Lakerman JSJ wrote:No way the Lakers trade for Amare's contract. It's beyond unlikely. Not even worth discussing.
The Original 81 wrote:HELLLLLL no to Amar'e.
King of Clutch wrote:Lakerman JSJ wrote:No way the Lakers trade for Amare's contract. It's beyond unlikely. Not even worth discussing.
This. Can't believe people are overlooking his HORRIBLE contract. That alone makes this deal impossible. Already broke the bank with the current roster, then hired Mike D while still paying Mike B, now they're thinking of bringing Amare and his contract into the fold? HELL NO!
King of Clutch wrote:But as far as basketball is concerned, Amare is not a definite upgrade, but a slight one. I think people are confusing Amare + melo, with amare - melo. When Amare was the lone star player in new york, he was an mvp candidate. Averaged nearly 30ppg and his team flourished. I believe that if he were around defensive minded players in L.A with dwight metta, and at times kobe, he'd be forced to give effort on that end. Much like Antawn has done to a degree so far. And how much worse defensively can he be than gasol. He sure wont get burned as much in the pnr. And he's younger, so its not like he's just getting old. Offensively he's just better than gasol. No debate about it. Better shooter, better faceup post player, overall better offensively. And adding nash to that mix might improve his game even more.
Now its been fun making a case for Amare coming to the lakers. But his contract is going to prevent this from happening before anything else does. No chance he comes.
kblo247 wrote:Amare is an upgrade at PF. Pau is a better C but Amare has the better PF skills. He's a better jump shooter than Pau, better face up guy vs 4s, faster, and more explosive. Pau has a better game at C than him, but as a PF, Pau is not better than Bosh, Amare, Zach, Dirk, Aldridge, Love, Blake, Boozer and a number of other bigs. Hs a god damn C, was never better than Odom at the 4 either.
Vasashi17 wrote:Makes absolutely no sense at all to hire 'Amare, when Phil is available.
I have no Clue what is happening in Lakerland these days, but I suspect it has something to do with Mr. Scoutender with the blender in the trophy room.
Users browsing this forum: Google [Bot] and 7 guests


text:
Adam Duhachek
Contact Information
(812) 855-1099
1309 E. 10th Street
Room HH 2100
- Associate Professor of Marketing
- Nestlé-Hustad Professor of Marketing
- Bloomington
- PhD, Northwestern University
- MS, Northwestern University
- BA, University of Nebraska
Professional Experience
- Associate Professor and Nestlé-Hustad Professor of Marketing, Indiana University, 2009 - present
- Associate Professor and Jack R. Wentworth Professor of Marketing, Indiana University, 2008 - 2009
- Assistant Professor, Indiana University, 2004-2008
- Lecturer, Kellogg School of Management, MBA program, Spring 2004
Awards, Honors & Certifications
- Society of Consumer Psychology Conference Co-Chair, 2010
- Nestlé-Hustad Professorship, 2009-2014
- Jack R. Wentworth Professorship, 2008 - 2009
- Gallup World Poll Research Scholar, 2008 - present
- AMA Doctoral Consortium Faculty Fellow, 2008
- Kelley Life Sciences Research Fellow, 2007 - present
- Trustees Teaching Award Nominee, 2007
- Outstanding Reviewer Award, Journal of Consumer Research 2005
- 3M Research Fellowship, Indiana University, 2005-2007
Professional Interests
Marketing Research, Marketing Management, Advertising, Consumer Behavior, Marketing Strategy, Coping and Cognitive Appraisals and Emotions, Psychometric Issues
Adam joined the department in fall 2004. Adam's primary research interests emphasize two distinct themes. One research stream focuses on understanding the nature of consumer coping processes, including specifying the role of consumption emotions and identifying a diverse set of consumer coping strategies and studying their effects on consumer behavior. The other addresses various issues of consumer health and welfare, including improving the effectiveness of health messaging. His research has been published in a number of leading scientific journals, including Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Marketing Research, Marketing Science, Journal of Applied Psychology, Journal of Consumer Psychology, Journal of Retailing, Journal of Service Research and Journal of Contemporary Ethnography.
Selected Publications
Han, Da Hee, Adam Duhachek and Nidhi Agrawal, "When Emotions Shape Construal Level: The Case of Guilt and Shame," Journal of Consumer Research,
41(4): 1047-1064.
- Poor, Morgan, Adam Duhachek and H. Shanker Krishnan (2013), "How Images of Other Consumers Influence Subsequent Taste Perceptions," Journal of Marketing, vol. 77, issue 6, pages124-139.
- Agrawal, Nidhi, DaHee Han, and Adam Duhachek (2013), "Emotional Agency Appraisals Influence Responses to Preference Inconsistent Information," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, vol. 120, issue 1, pages 87-97.
- Poor, Morgan, Adam Duhachek and H. Shanker Krishnan (2012), "The Moderating Role of Emotional Differentiation on Satiation," Journal of Consumer Psychology, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 507-519.
- Duhachek, Adam, Nidhi Agrawal, and DaHee Han (2012), "Guilt Versus Shame: Coping, Fluency, and Framing in the Effectiveness of Responsible Drinking Messages," Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 49, No. 6, pp. 928-941.
- Agrawal, Nidhi and Adam Duhachek (2010), "Emotional Compatibility and the Effectiveness of Anti-Drinking Messages," Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 47, No. 2, pp. 263-273. Read Abstract
- Duhachek, Adam and Katie Kelting (2009), "Coping Repertoire: Integrating a New Conceptualization of Coping with Transactional Theory," Journal of Consumer Psychology, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 473-485. Read Abstract
- Oakley, James, Adam Duhachek, Bala Balachander, and S. Sriram (2008), "Order of Entry and the Moderating Role of Comparison Brands in Brand Extension Evaluation," Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 34, No. 5, pp. 706-712. Read Abstract
- Duhachek, Adam (2008), "Summing up the State of Coping Research: Prescriptions and Prospects for Consumer Research," in Curt P. Haugtvedt, Paul M. Herr, and Frank R. Kardes (eds.), Handbook of Consumer Psychology, New York, NY: Psychology Press, pp. 1057-1077.
- Duhachek, Adam, Shuoyang Zhang, and H. Shanker Krishnan (2007), "Anticipated Group Interaction: Coping with Valence Asymmetries in Attitude Shift," Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 34, No. 3, pp. 395-405. Read Abstract
- Duhachek, Adam and James L. Oakley (2007), "Mapping the Hierarchical Structure of Coping: Unifying Empirical and Theoretical Perspectives," Journal of Consumer Psychology, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 218-233. Read Abstract
- Oakley, James L., Dawn Iacobucci and Adam Duhachek (2006), "Multi-level Hierarchical Linear Models and Marketing: This is not Your Advisor's OLS Model," in Review of Marketing Research, New York: Wiley.
- Duhachek, Adam, Anne T. Coughlan and Dawn Iacobucci (2005), "Results on the Standard Error of the Coefficient Alpha Index of Reliability," Marketing Science, Vol. 24, No. 2, pp. 294-301. Read Abstract
- Duhachek, Adam (2005), "Coping: A Multidimensional, Hierarchical Framework of Responses to Stressful Consumption Episodes," Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 41-53. Read Abstract
- Duhachek, Adam and Dawn Iacobucci (2005), "Consumer Personality and Coping: Testing Rival Theories of Process," Journal of Consumer Psychology, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 52-63. Read Abstract


text:
|0 Items in Cart
|Boundary Waters Canoe Camping - 3rd Edition
by Cliff Jacobson
Boundary Waters Canoe Camping is your seasoned guide to a BWCA experience, whether you're canoeing and camping here for the first time or returning for an extended voyage through this paddler's paradise.
Canoeing authority Cliff Jacobson explains the best and safest ways of planning and enjoying a BWCA journey. Learn about obtaining permits, packing the right supplies, and practicing low-impact camping techniques, as well as polishing your paddling skills, traveling with children, and dealing with hazards (on land or water) when you are deep in the wilderness.
This completely updated and revised edition includes more than 100 stunning full color photos, new product ideas, and revised appendices. GPS navigation information has been added, and a new chapter on solo canoeing details how to paddle, portage and pack these personal-sized watercraft. Also new is a section with sage advice from some of the top Boundary Waters paddlers.
7.5" x 9.5", 208 pages, maps
Join Paddling Perks Today and Save 10% - plus get a $10 gift certificate


text:
September 7, 2006
Vol. 22 , No. 01
Dinner for the Class of 2010
Serendipity, Science, and the Bird Flu
The first Athenaeum dinner/lecture of each year is reserved exclusively for members of the freshman class. Traditionally, a member of the Claremont McKenna College faculty is invited to deliver this introductory lecture. First-year students this fall will have the opportunity to meet Dr. Thomas Poon, associate professor of chemistry at CMC. Dr. Poon is a member of the Joint Science Department (JSD) and is also a faculty member at Pitzer and Scripps Colleges. In his Athenaeum lecture, professor Poon will describe his research on natural products, and how it lead to the discovery of a process that could help meet the demand for the antiviral drug Tamiflu™ in the event of a bird flu pandemic.
Plants have long been the source of health and healing even before written records of such practices were kept. Today, 60-70% of the world's population still relies primarily on plants for medicine. Even in the wealthier countries, 25% of prescription medicines have their origins from nature. This percentage increases considerably when one considers over-the-counter medications and synthetic drugs made from chemicals found in nature. Perhaps the most recent example of nature's potential role in fighting disease is the drug known as Tamiflu™. Tamiflu™, the current best hope for fighting a bird flu pandemic, is made by Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd. in a laborious and expensive yearlong process. Tamiflu™ is not found in nature, but shikimic acid, the chemical used to produce it, is obtained from the seeds of the star anise, a spice used in various Asian cuisines. Thanks to the undergraduate researchers in Dr. Poon's group, a new source now exists right here in Claremont (and throughout the U.S.). In his talk, Prof. Poon will discuss how serendipity and science lead to this discovery, and how nature has once again revealed its generosity.
Poon received his undergraduate education at Fairfield University in Connecticut and his Ph.D. in organic chemistry from UCLA. He joined the JSD in 2000 and has authored 20+ peer-reviewed articles, many with undergraduate co-authors. His recently published textbook, Introduction to Organic Chemistry (2004), has been translated into Italian and Japanese, and Dr. Poon's website, www.ochem.com, has been described by the journal Science as a way to help students "avert an organic breakdown."
Everyone at the Marian Miner Cook Athenaeum looks forward to welcoming members of the class of 2010 on this special occasion. Freshmen are automatically signed up for the dinner. If you are unable to attend please email firstname.lastname@example.com or call ext. 18244 to cancel.
Life and Death at High Altitude: What Himalayan Mountaineers and Late Permian Vertebrates Have in Common
Imagine living at an altitude of 6,000 m where the partial pressure of oxygen is less than half of that at sea level. Or, in the Great Salt Lake where the salt concentration is hundreds of times that in tributaries of the Amazon River. Or, at a depth of 10,430 m, next to a thermal vent in the Marianas Trench where the temperature is 350°C, pressure is 1,000 times that at the surface, and the vent is spewing out clouds of sulfur. Or, in a frozen lump of methane in the Gulf of Mexico. Some organisms not only tolerate such conditions, they actually thrive under them. Environmental conditions on the earth vary tremendously; however, the range of conditions under which humans can survive is remarkably small. This may explain not only why we have long been fascinated by organisms that live at extremes, but also why we still understand relatively little about how it is that they do so.
This fall semester 2006 the Joint Science Department of The Claremont Colleges, the biology departments of Harvey Mudd College and Pomona College, and the Marian Miner Cook Athenaeum are very pleased to offer a series of four lectures by world-renowned experts on extreme environments and the physiology and ecology of organisms that inhabit them: Life at the Limits: The Physiology of Extremophiles. Professor Raymond Huey, professor of biology at the University of Washington, will present the first lecture in this series.
High altitude environments such as Everest and K2 in the Himalayas are challenging not only because of low partial pressures of oxygen but also because of temperatures that can plummet to -55°C and winds of over 100 mph. Despite this, the world's highest mountains are climbed yearly. What factors influence patterns of success and death of Himalayan mountain climbers? Professor Ray Huey will discuss how behavior (e.g. decision to use supplemental oxygen), climber age, and environment (e.g. mountain height) influence the probability of reaching a summit and of surviving the trip back down. The problems facing today's mountaineers may seem to have little in common with animals that lived 250 million years ago. However, professor Huey suggests that high background extinctions during the Late Permian and the subsequent slow recovery of ecosystems may have been due in part to world-wide declines in oxygen levels. Recent data indicate that 240 million years ago, the availability of oxygen at sea level was comparable with that found today at more than 5 km above sea level (about 7,500 ft above the summit of Mt Baldy).
Dr. Huey is the author of well over 130 research publications, book chapters, and reviews. Among his many honors and appointments, he was chosen as a "Distinguished Herpetologist" by The Herpetologists' League in 1991, was President of The American Society of Naturalists in 1993, was a Guggenheim Fellow in 1998-9, and received the "President's Award" (best paper of the year) in 2004 from The American Society of Naturalists.
Iran and the Baha'is: A History of Persecution
Firuz Kazemzadeh was born in 1924 in Moscow where his father served for many years on the staff of the Iranian Embassy. Kazemzadeh attended primary and secondary schools in Moscow. He received his college education in the United States, obtaining a B.A. (with great distinction, Phi Beta Kappa) and an M.A. from Stanford University in 1947 and a Ph.D. in Russian history from Harvard University in 1950. Having settled in the U.S., Kazemzadeh began his academic career as a research fellow in Slavic studies at the Hoover Institution, Stanford University. He was subsequently a research fellow at the Russian Research Center and the Center for Middle Eastern Studies at Harvard. In 1956 Kazemzadeh began teaching at Yale University where he was made professor of history in 1968 and, at various times, served as director of graduate studies in history, chairman of the Council on Russian and East European Studies, chairman of the Committee on Middle Eastern Studies, and Master of Davenport College. He retired in 1992.
Kazemzadeh has lectured as visiting professor at Stanford University, Harvard University, Columbia University, Lewis and Clark College, the University of Southern California Law School, Haifa University, and the University of Humanities in Moscow.
He is the author of The Struggle for Transcaucasia, 1917-1921 (1952); Russia and Britain in Persia, 1864-1914: A Study in Imperialism (1968), of chapters in several collective works such as the Cambridge History of Iran (1968), and of numerous articles in various journals.
Having been involved for many years in the defense of human rights, Kazemzadeh was appointed in May 1999 by President Clinton to serve on the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom. Kazemzadeh served on the Commission for two terms, retiring in May 2003. He has testified on numerous occasions on human rights issues before congressional committees.
Kazemzadeh is a Baha'i. His Baha'i activities included thirty-five years of service on the National Spiritual Assembly of the Baha'is of the U.S., the governing body of the American Baha'i community; teaching at Baha'i schools in Europe and America, lecturing in Europe, the Americas, Australia, and New Zealand, and the editorship 1966-2000 of World Order, a Baha'i magazine. Dr. Kazemadeh's lecture is cosponsored by the Center for the Study of the Holocaust, Genocide, and Human Rights and the Athenaeum.
Where the Boys Are
"Routinely regarded as protosexists, potential harassers and perpetuators of gender inequity, boys live under a cloud of censure," writes Christina Hoff Sommers, resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute in Washington D.C. and Athenaeum guest speaker. In her book, The War Against Boys: How Misguided Feminism is Harming Our Young Men (2001), Sommers argues that in response to feminist and educational reform movements of recent decades, our nation's educational system currently devotes more attention to the needs of girls. However, there is no girl crisis, says Sommers. Girls outperform boys academically in reading and writing ability and are more likely to attend college. Additionally, girls' self-esteem is no different from boys'. According to Sommers, boys' behaviors are considered boisterous and teachers routinely try to tame boys and make them behave more like girls. But Sommers advocates recognizing boys' and girls' distinctive strengths and gifts. In her talk, Sommers will discuss how boys are faring in a society that now systematically favors girls, and what can be done to turn things around.
Christina Hoff Sommers has been a professor of philosophy at Clark University and specializes in ethics and contemporary moral theory. She is the author of Who Stole Feminism? How Women Have Betrayed Women (1995) and the New York Times listed The War Against Boys in its list of "Notable Books of the Year." This lecture by Christina Hoff Sommers is part of the series Inequality Debates: Is America Becoming a Two-Tiered Society? and is cosponsored by the Salvatori Center and the Athenaeum, and is in conjunction with Professor Fred Lynch's government class on Inequality, Politics and Policy.
The Value of a Business Education
LUNCH 11:45 a.m., LECTURE 12:15 p.m
He has been called "the most influential chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers in two decades" and was instrumental in the design of the 2003 Bush tax cuts. More recently, he was named dean of Columbia Business School. While, the economy might be booming, business as a profession continues to suffer a black eye. Critics have chastised students for choosing business or law over science, engineering, or the humanities. A vocal defender of the MBA, Glenn Hubbard will publicly address the value of a business education. In his lecture, Dean Hubbard will demonstrate that top MBA programs educate their students to recognize and capture opportunities over the lifetime of a career, which in turn benefits all of society.
Glenn Hubbard was named Dean of Columbia Business School on July 1, 2004. A Columbia faculty member since 1988, he is also the Russell L. Carson Professor of finance and economics. Professor Hubbard received his B.A. and B.S. degrees summa cum laude from the University of Central Florida, where he received the National Society of Professional Engineers Award. He also holds A.M. and Ph.D. degrees in economics from Harvard University. After graduating from Harvard, Professor Hubbard began his teaching career at Northwestern University, moving to Columbia University in 1988. He has been a visiting professor at Harvard's Kennedy School of Government and Harvard Business School, as well as the University of Chicago. Professor Hubbard also held the John M. Olin Fellowship at the National Bureau of Economic Research.
In addition to writing more than 100 scholarly articles in economics and finance, Professor Hubbard is the author of two leading textbooks on money and financial markets, as well as co-author of Healthy, Wealthy, and Wise: Five Steps to a Better Health Care System (2005). His commentaries appear frequently in Business Week, The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, The Financial Times, The Washington Post, Nikkei, and the Daily Yomiuri, as well as on television (on PBS's Nightly Business Report) and radio (on NPR's Marketplace).
In government, Professor Hubbard served as deputy assistant secretary of the U.S. Treasury Department for Tax Policy from 1991 to 1993. From February 2001 until March 2003, he was chairman of the U.S. Council of Economic Advisers under President George W. Bush. While serving as CEA chairman, he also chaired the Economic Policy Committee of the OECD. In the corporate sector, he is currently a director of ADP, BlackRock Financial, Duke Realty, KKR Financial Corporation, R.H. Donnelley, Inc., and Ripplewood Holdings.
Los Pinguos: A Musical Celebration of Latino Heritage Month
ADRIAN BUONO, guitar
SANTIAGO LEE, guitar
JOSE AGOTE, guitar
JUAN MANZUR, guitar
JUAM MANUEL LEGUIZAMON, percussion
Described as a "hot Argentine folk groove band" and the "South American version of the Beatles," Los Pinguos came to the U.S. with every intention of making some noise. With Spanish guitars, a Cuban Tres and a Peruvian cajon (box-drum), musicians Adrian Buono, Jose Agote, Juan Manzur and Juan Manuel Leguizamon began playing together in Buenos Aires in 1999. Vivacious and infectious, their music garnered a devoted fan base in Argentina, inspiring the ensemble to pursue global attention.
Los Pinguos made its Los Angeles debut at local bars such as the Latin Lounge, the Knitting Factory, and the Key Club. But it was at Santa Monica's 3rd Street Promenade that the band realized its potential to reach a wide and diverse audience. There, a talent scout heard their music and urged them to audition for a new television show, The Next Big Star, at which Los Pinguos claimed the Grand Prize.
Since then, Los Pinguos has recorded two new albums — Live in Los Angeles (2005) and Peripecias (2006) — and played at the Wiltern Theatre and Music Center of Los Angeles. Recently the group appeared at the 2005 Sundance Film Festival with female songstress Suzanne Vega. Los Pinguos' music has also appeared on the television shows "The Shield" and "The L Word," and is featured in the Antonio Banderas and Emma Thompson film Imagining Argentina (2004).
Back by popular demand after last year's appearance at CMC, Los Pinguos launches the 2006 celebration of Latino Heritage Month by performing at noon outside Collins Dining Hall and in the evening with a concert at the Athenaeum. This popular program is sponsored by the Athenaeum, student activities, and dean of students at CMC, and the Chicano/Latino Student Affairs Center.
Running and Winning: What It Takes
The real world of modern electoral politics often travels a road far different than the one contemplated in textbooks and academic discussion. As CMC's most recently successful alumnus in electoral politics, Jake Zimmerman knows a thing or two about that road. After charting a political course from long-shot outsider to establishment candidate in less than a year, he will soon begin serving in the Missouri Legislature. But first, he's taking a brief respite from the trenches and coming home to CMC. Jake's experience running for office in a swing state is a tantalizing glimpse behind the spin and into the real dynamics of campaign life. And his story — complete with intrigue, party rivalry, smoke-filled rooms, and even a little bit of raw idealism — is as good as it gets.
Jake Zimmerman, a Missouri native, graduated from CMC in 1996 with a B.A. degree in PPE and government, and from Harvard Law School in 2000. After several political internships (including one in Bill Clinton's White House), Jake worked as a campaign field office director, an attorney in private practice, Assistant Missouri Attorney General, Deputy Chief Counsel to the Governor of Missouri, and again as a private-sector attorney before running for office. (As his mother says: "he can't hold a job.") Today, Jake is a first-time candidate for the Missouri House of Representatives. With no opposition in the November general election, he will be inaugurated in January, 2007. This will be the first significant political office he has held, unless you count the ASCMC Vice-Presidency.
Come join us for an insider's view of the emotional roller coaster of campaign life, along with a few thoughts about what this election cycle means for Missouri and for America.
Crimes Against Nature
Robert F. Kennedy Jr.'s reputation as a resolute defender of the environment stems from a litany of successful legal actions. Kennedy was named one of Time magazine's "Heroes for the Planet" for his success in helping Riverkeeper lead the fight to restore the Hudson River. The group's achievement helped spawn more than 125 Waterkeeper organizations across the globe.
Kennedy serves as senior attorney for the Natural Resources Defense Council, chief prosecuting attorney for the Hudson Riverkeeper, and president of Waterkeeper Alliance. He is also a clinical professor and supervising attorney at Pace University School of Law's Environmental Litigation Clinic and is co-host of Ring of Fire on Air America Radio. Earlier in his career, he served as assistant district attorney in New York City.
Among Kennedy's published books are The New York Times bestseller Crimes Against Nature (2004); The Riverkeepers (1997); and Judge Frank M. Johnson Jr: A Biography (1977). His articles have appeared in The New York Times, The Washington Post, the Los Angeles Times, The Wall Street Journal, Newsweek, Rolling Stone, Atlantic Monthly, Esquire, The Nation, Outside magazine, the Village Voice, and many other publications.
Kennedy is a graduate of Harvard University. He studied at the London School of Economics and received his law degree from the University of Virginia Law School. Following graduation, he attended Pace University School of Law, where he was awarded a master's degree in environmental law.
This lecture is supported with funds from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, the Robert's Environmental Center, and the Kravis Leadership Institute and is part of the Athenaeum series Leadership in Times of Crisis: The Environment.
The Future of Islam: Toward the Islamic Reformation
In 1978, at age seven, Reza Aslan fled Iran with his family amidst the chaos of a revolution. Today, he is a respected expert on Islam and the Middle East, a scholar and media consultant on issues of religion and politics, and author of No god but God: The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Islam (2005). Praised by The New York Times as a "grippingly narrated and thoughtfully examined . . . literate, accessible introduction to Islam," No god but God has established Aslan as one of the most dynamic voices of liberal Islam in the United States.
In his lectures and writings, Aslan explores the intricate interplay between faith and politics in the Muslim world, presenting Islam as an ever-evolving faith and culture that is currently in the midst of a cataclysmic internal battle for reform and modernization. Aslan argues that the current conflicts in the Middle East are not the result of a "clash of civilizations" between Islam and the West, but rather the consequences of an "Islamic reformation" occurring with the Muslim world, an internal struggle to define the future of this magnificent yet misunderstood faith and to harmonize its traditions and values with contemporary ideals of democracy and human rights.
Reza Aslan has degrees in religion from Santa Clara University, Harvard University, and U.C. Santa Barbara, as well as a M.F.A. in fiction from the Iowa Writers' Workshop. In 2000, Aslan was named visiting professor of Islamic Studies at the University of Iowa, becoming the first full-time professor of Islam in the history of the state. In 2003, Aslan left his post at the University of Iowa to concentrate full-time on writing. His work has appeared in the Los Angeles Times, The New York Times, The Boston Globe, The New York Review of Books, Prospect Magazine (UK), Slate Magazine and The Nation.
Reza Aslan's lecture is made possible through the generosity of CMC alumnus L. J. Kutten '74, and is part of the Athenaeum series Voices from the Middle East.
Sara Roberson '09 and Nick Zosel-Johnson '07 will begin their fall academic year with one of the most coveted jobs on campus ––– as Athenaeum fellows for the Marian Miner Cook Athenaeum. Fellows not only eat at the head table with influential speakers from the fields of business, politics, and the arts, but introduce speakers to Athenaeum audiences four times a week.
One of Roberson's and Zosel-Johnson's chief duties is to help write and edit the Athenaeum's bi-weekly newsletter, The Fortnightly. In addition, the Fellows work with Athenaeum director Bonnie Snortum to develop themes and strategies for bringing distinguished guests to campus.
"Athenaeum fellows are selected on the basis of academic strength, breadth of interests and intellect, and communication skills," says Athenaeum director Bonnie Snortum. "Sara and Nick embody all of the above, as well as a nice balance of diverse interests."
Roberson calls the Athenaeum an irreplaceable facet of CMC. "It offers members of our community the amazing opportunity to learn from and interact with various exemplary members of the 'real world,' " she says. "Perhaps even more importantly, I feel that the Ath aims for inspiration, something that is sometimes overlooked in the more rote aspects of conventional education."
Zosel-Johnson concurs: "Students interact with professors, members of the community, and with working professionals," he says. "The Athenaeum was one of the main reasons I decided to come to CMC. I think it is a defining feature of the school."
Zosel-Johnson, a government major, is interested in the theory of American Exceptionalism and hopes to see a speaker series developed on the future of American-led "Democratization." Roberson, who has not yet declared a major but suspects it will be an amalgam of history and foreign languages, says that booking former President Jimmy Carter would be a dream come true.
Reservations for the meal that precedes each event may be made online at www.claremontmckenna.edu/mmca or in the Athenaeum lobby. CMC students may sign up for a seat at the head table twice per Fortnightly, but it must be done in person in the Athenaeum office.
Marian Miner Cook Athenaeum
Claremont McKenna College
385 E. Eighth Street
Claremont, CA 91711
(909) 621-8244
Fax: (909) 621-8579
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Campus Location
385 E. Eighth Street
Claremont, CA 91711


text: Seirus Innovation Polar Scarf Rating: ★★★★☆ Everyday Low Price: $9.99 Gold Club Price: What's This? The Gold Club is our premier membership program. For most items members receive 10% off every day, plus exclusive sales and benefits just for members. More Info $8.99 Product Description: Closure Type: VelcroGender: Men's, Women'sMaterial: Performance FleeceSeasonal Wear: Cold WeatherSold in Units: Each More Info In Stock, usually ships same business day. More Info


text:
Back Up Your Stuff—Anytime, Anywhere
The Seagate® Backup Plus Slim Portable Drive for Mac® is the simple, one-click way to protect and share your entire digital life. Perfect to take on the go, the sleek metal case design allows for the thinnest portable hard drive available with up to 2TB of capacity. It goes anywhere — without getting in your way.
- Features mobile backup using the Seagate Mobile Backup App
- Time Machine®-ready
- Automatically back up photos you've shared online
- Back up from Facebook® and Flickr®, and share to YouTube®
- Easy to share files between Windows® and Mac computers
Back Up From Your Mobile Devices
Use the Seagate® Mobile Backup App to easily back up photos and videos on the go directly from your mobile devices to your Backup Plus Slim Portable Drive for Mac.
Back Up and Protect Photos, Videos and More—Automatically
The Backup Plus Slim Portable Drive for Mac works with Time Machine® software right out of the box to provide automatic backups.
Do More With Social Networks
Don't risk losing those great pics you've posted online. The Backup Plus Slim Portable Drive for Mac finally bridges the gap between your online life and the rest of your life, letting you automatically back up your favorite memories from Facebook® and Flickr®. You can even share new videos to your YouTube® account.
What's Included
- Seagate Backup Plus Slim Portable Drive for Mac
- Seagate Dashboard pre-loaded on drive
- 18-inch USB 3.0 cable
- Quick start guide


text: I lost my new super stingray on hole 11 today at IQ. It is to the left of the anhyzer route. It didn't turn over like I thought it should and hit the tree in the curve and kicked left. I removed the stamp and my name is in the rim. It is a unique grayish blue disc.


text:
The garbage collectors for Jikes RVM are provided by MMTk. The MMTk: The Memory Manager Toolkit describes MMTk and gives a tutorial on how to use and edit it and is the best place to start. An updated version of the tutorial is here. A detailed description of the call chain from the compilers through to MMTk here is another good place to start understanding how MMTk integrates with JikesRVM. Anatomy of a Garbage Collector describes the major building blocks of an MMTk collector and Scanning Objects in JikesRVM describes how objects are scanned for their pointer fields during GC. MMTk also has a pure Java test harness that allows development of garbage collectors in an IDE like eclipse.
The RVM can be configured to employ various different allocation managers taken from the MMTk memory management toolkit. Managers divide the available space up as they see fit. However, they normally subdivide the available address range to provide:
- a metadata area which enables the manager to track the status of allocated and unallocated storage in the rest of the heap.
- an immortal data area used to service allocations of objects which are expected to persist across the whole lifetime of the RVM runtime.
- a large object space used to service allocations of objects which are larger than some specified size (e.g. a virtual memory page) - the large object space may employ a different allocation and reclamation strategy to that used for other objects.
- a small object allocation area which may be divided into e.g.two semi spaces, a nursery space and a mature space, a set of generations, a non-relocatable buddy hierarchy etc depending upon the allocation and reclamation strategy employed by the memory manager.
Virtual memory pages are lazily mapped into the RVM's memory image as they are needed.
The main class which is used to interface to the memory manager is called
Plan. Each flavor of the manager is implemented by substituting a different implementation of this class. Most plans inherit from class
StopTheWorldGC which ensures that all active mutator threads (i.e. ones which do not perform the job of reclaiming storage) are suspended before reclamation is commenced. The argument passed to
-X:processors determines the number of parallel collector threads that will be used for collection.
Generational collectors employ a plan which inherits from class
Generational Inter alia, this class ensures that a write barrier is employed so that updates from old to new spaces are detected.
Jikes RVM may also use the GCSpy visualization framework. GCSpy allows developers to observe the behavior of the heap and related data structures.


text:
Use your passion for visual art to learn how to teach students the practice and value of art.
Immerse yourself in a rigorous program of creative practices, critical thinking, pedagogy, and collaboration while you continue to develop your own artistic work. Learn the latest in classroom art practices, current research in the fields of art and education, as well as the historical and cultural contexts that have brought art education to where it is today. Flourish as a teacher of visual art, and gain an Initial license at either the PreK-8 or 5-12 grade levels. See expected outcomes of this program.
Looking for a Teacher of Visual Art Professional License?
"Lesley University stimulates creativity and prepares teachers very well. I learned so much at Lesley – about how people learn, how to ask big questions, and how to answer them creatively. Almost every class offered food for thought and inspiring projects. When I graduated with my M.Ed. in Art Education, I was fully prepared for a teaching career in the arts. I use skills and approaches I learned at Lesley every day in my job. I highly recommend the Creative Arts in Learning division."
— Constance Del Nero, Alumna, Master of Education
Maureen Creegan-Quinquis
Associate Professor
Rebecca Duffy
Adjunct Professor
Arts in Education /Creative Arts/Community Arts Programs
Faculty and Staff
Tuition and Fees: Master's/Certificate
Tuition and Fees: Doctoral
Tuition Discounts
Financial Aid
School-Based Scholarships
Graduate Admissions
All PreK-12 Graduate Education Programs
PhD Programs
School-Based Residency Programs
Online Education Programs
Off-Campus Programs
Professional Development
School Scholarship Opportunities
Faculty Profiles
Alumni/Students in the News
Graduate School of Education Home
Field Placement
Academic Advising
Academic Policies
Reggio Emilia
Request more information
Schedule a campus visit
Get your application started today!
Maureen Creegan-Quinquis directs the Teacher of Visual Art programs at Lesley, and is also the director of the Creative Arts in Learning Division. She is a working, exhibiting artist. Read more »


text:
Cheap FAB to Asuncion flights
Popular Flights from Farnborough, England
Top Farnborough Flights to US Destinations
Top Farnborough International Destinations
Popular Flights from Asuncion, Paraguay
Top Asuncion Flights to US Destinations
Top Asuncion International Destinations
FAB to ASU Route Map
Farnborough to Asuncion Flights, Stats and Airplanes
Route information for flights from Farnborough to Silvio Pettirossi Intl..
6,306.65 miles
ASU - Silvio Pettirossi Intl. Airlines
Browse the most popular airlines servicing the Asuncion (ASU) airport. Visit their flights pages to learn more about the most popular routes these carriers fly.


text:
Owner: Elections, Unspecified
Link: http://electionsncc.delaware.gov/pubs/pri_affidavit.pdf
Referring Page - Forms
Standard PDF - This type of document can be Viewed and Printed online however, normally it can not be edited or filled-in. To open this type of document you will need to have an application installed on your computer that can read portable document files (PDF). Adobe Acrobat Reader is a free viewer that will allow you to open this type of file. Get Adobe Acrobat


text:
News from WTOP
News from the AP
Mike Causey
Shows & Panels
Shows & Panels
- Agency of the Month
- Business of Government Hour
- The CFO Agenda: Delivering value from financial transparency and audit efforts in the public and private sector
- Cloud-Driven Data Insights in Government
- CXO Surveys
- Disaster Resilience for America
- Federal News Countdown
- Government Perspectives on Mobility and the Cloud
- Reducing Risk in the Cloud
- Reimagining the Next Generation of Government
Shows & Panels
- AFCEA Answers
- American Readiness: Renewable Power and Efficiency Technologies
- Ask the CIO
- The Business Case for Cloud Computing in Government
- Cloud-Driven Data Insights in Government
- Connecting the Dots: Digital Authentication in Government
- Cybersecurity Game Changer: Real-Time Event Processing in Government
- Data-Centric Approaches to Government in the Cloud
- Delivering the Digital Government Mission
- Federal Executive Forum
- Federal News Radio's National Cyber Security Awareness Month Special Panel Discussion
- Federal Tech Talk
- The Future of Government Data Centers
- Government Perspectives on Mobility and the Cloud
- Industrialized, Interoperable and Insight-driven Federal Health Panel
- Innovation and Tech Superiority through Acquisition Reform
- Mitigating Insider Threats in Virtual & Cloud Environments
- Moving Agency Applications to the Cloud with PaaS
- Reducing Risk in the Cloud
- Security in the Age of Targeted Attacks
- Air Traffic Management Transformation Report
- The Business of Cloud
- Cloud First Report
- Data Driven Cloud Series
- Disaster Resilience for America
- General Dynamics IT Enterprise Center
- Gov Cloud Minute
- Government in Technology Series
- Homeland Security Cybersecurity Market Report
- The Intersection: Where Technology Meets Transformation
- Modern Mission Critical Series
- National Cybersecurity Awareness Month
- The New IP for Federal IT
- The Social Platform Solution for the Department of Veterans Affairs
- Technology Insights
- The Cyber Security Report
- The Next Generation Cyber Security Experts
Shows & Panels
- Cloud-Driven Data Insights in Government
- Disaster Resilience for America
- F-35 Lightning II Program
- Government Perspectives on Mobility and the Cloud
- On DoD
- Pentagon Solutions
- Reducing Risk in the Cloud
- Reimagining the Next Generation of Government
- Transforming Business Operations at the Defense Department
Search Result
Search Tags: Richard Loeb
Federal Drive interviews -- June 1
Jeff Orner, chief administrative officer at the Department of Homeland Security, talks about a teleworking award his office recently received. Sopen Shah, a defense analyst with Bloomberg Government, discusses a new report on federal contracting. Ed Zurndorfer, registered employee benefits consultant, explains what phased retirement could mean for feds. University of Baltimore law professor Richard Loeb discusses the backlog at the Defense Contract Audit Agency.
Tags: Federal Drive , DHS , Jeff Orner , Sopen Shah , Bloomberg Government , Ed Zurndorfer , Defense Contract Audit Agency


text:
Tri-Towers Rotunda, Kent Campus
Monday - Thursday: 9 a.m. - 8 p.m.
Friday: 9 a.m. - 5 p.m.
College of Business Administration, Kent Campus
Monday - Thursday: 9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Monday - Friday, 9 a.m. - 5 p.m.
*Tri Towers only
No Appointment Necessary
Standard Services Pricing
|Wireless/Network and Login Troubleshooting
|No Charge
|Hardware Diagnostics
|Memory (RAM) Upgrades and Troubleshooting
|Software Installation
|Physical Computer Cleaning (Excludes Liquid Damage Cleaning) *
|Mobile Software Troubleshooting
|Software Troubleshooting or Optimization
|Hardware Install or Repair
|Virus/Spyware Removal
|Mobile Hardware Repair
|Data Transfer and iPod Data Migration
|Operating System Installation (with data transfer)
|Any Two Standard Services **
|$85 (max)
Specialty Services Pricing
|Apple, Dell and iPad Warranty Service
|Coverage Varies
|Advanced Data Recovery ***
|Advanced Hardware Install/Repair
|TECHcare Year-Long Protection
|$120 / 1 year
* Liquid damage can be unpredictable and time consuming. This service will incur a fee regardless if it results in a working system.
** May be used on a single device only; $10 for each additional service.
*** $30 when paired with another service of $65 or more
Services & Pricing
The Tech Spot offers complete technology service and support in one convenient location. Plus, we offer extremely affordable pricing.
Upon arriving at The Tech Spot, a TECHnician will diagnose your issue at the front desk and, if necessary, check in your device. No appointment is needed, just walk in and we'll assist you.
Pricing is effective July 1, 2014 and is subject to change. All repairs are subject to The Tech Spot's terms and conditions.
Standard Services
Network, Wireless and Login Issues
Most general questions, on campus wireless network problems, email, FlashLine login and other connection issues can be resolved at no charge at our front desk. - No Charge
Virus & Spyware Removal
Even the most sophisticated antivirus software cannot protect against all malware. We run complete scans to ensure your computer is no longer infected, while making sure your computer is up-to-date, with working antivirus software. - Starts at $45
Hardware Install & Repair
Because no computer is reliable 100% of the time, we offer basic and advanced hardware repair service for any type of computer, including hard drive replacement, memory (RAM) upgrades, and logic board & display repair. - Starts at $25
Mobile Device and iPad Repair
We can troubleshoot problems with most mobile phones and tablets. If you've broken your phone, we can even order and install a new display. With our authorized iPad® warranty service, we can process iPad® hardware repairs directly through our office. - Starts at $30
Software and Operating System Troubleshooting
We can resolve problems with your operating system, upgrade your software or install a new operating system for you. There's no need to worry about your data - we have the tools to transfer your documents, music and photos to a new computer, so everything is just where you left it. - Starts at $25
Specialty Services
Advanced Data Backup/Recovery
We can remove a damaged hard disk from your computer and attempt to recover your files using a variety of recovery utilities. If little or no data is recovered, we'll waive the fee. - $75
For drives that are damaged beyond our ability to recover data, The Tech Spot recommends DriveSavers. DriveSavers Data Recovery, Inc. offers certified secure data recovery services. Call 1-800-440-1904 and receive a discount of up to 27% by using our educational discount code: DS83042
Advanced Hardware Install/Repair
We can order parts from Dell, Apple or just about any other supplier with our custom part order service. In the past, we've installed motherboards, displays, keyboards and more. - $85
Products for Sale and Custom Part Orders
Hard drives, printer USB cables, wireless cards (for both desktops and laptops), TV cables and more are available on-site for purchase. If you need a part that we don't have in stock, we'll find it and have it delivered directly to our office. See our products for sale section for a full listing of products and pricing.
Please note that The Tech Spot only services personally-owned computers. University-owned computers are serviced by your local desktop technology support professional. We accept Visa, MasterCard, Discover and FlashCASH as payment for all products and services. All prices before applicable sales tax.


text:
Change currency:
Other country sites
Your Recent Searches
Your bag is empty
Free DELIVERY Worldwide*
Gothic vibes, sleek leather and rocking Baroque opulence: get your A/W12 trend fix right here.
View Inspiration
CREDITS LEFT TO RIGHT: Versace, Valentino, Gucci, Valentino, McQ by Alexander McQueen
CREDITS LEFT TO RIGHT: Carven, Balmain, Dolce & Gabbana, Aquilano e Rimondi, Karen Walker
CREDITS LEFT TO RIGHT: Yves Saint Laurent, Derek Lam, Acne, Isabel Marant, Mulberry
CREDITS LEFT TO RIGHT: Kenzo, Kenzo, Prada, Suno, Erdem
CREDITS LEFT TO RIGHT: Margaret Howell, Unique, Max Mara, Burberry Prorsum, Acne
CREDITS LEFT TO RIGHT: Jonathan Saunders, Antipodium, Miu Miu, Balmain, Preen
CREDITS LEFT TO RIGHT: Dries Van Noten, Temperley London, Proenza Schouler, Dries Van Noten, Jason Wu
CREDITS LEFT TO RIGHT: Chloé, McQ by Alexander McQueen, Kenzo, Christopher Kane, Erdem
CREDITS LEFT TO RIGHT: Jil Sander, Chanel, Balenciaga, Hussein Chalayan, Ports 1961
CREDITS LEFT TO RIGHT: Prada, Versace, J.Crew, Balmain
Refine By
Price Range
The celebrities named or featured on asos.com have not endorsed recommended or approved the items offered on site
©2015 asos.com Ltd
All rights reserved
Looks like you're in the US?
Visit your localized US site and shop in $USD & US sizing:
Cookie Use
ASOS uses cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website.
If you continue we assume that you consent to receive all cookies on all ASOS websites.


text:
Quade Cooper could switch to rugby league or even take up boxing after being 'insulted' by the Australian Rugby Union's latest contract offer.
According to the Sydney Morning Herald, the ARU is effectively forcing Cooper out of the game by offering him an incentive-based contract that is usually reserved for rookies. If he was to accept this deal, he would be regarded as below the top 30 players in Australia.
Cooper was fined A$40,000 recently for criticising the Wallabies and coach Robbie Deans, but when fit, he remains an asset to Australian rugby. In 2011, he was the Super Rugby Player of the Year.
If he decides to walk out on the Wallabies, he could also break his three-year deal with the Queensland Reds.
Switching codes and competing in rugby league is now a realistic option, and there is even speculation that he could take up boxing, fighting on the undercard of Sonny Bill Williams's bout with Francois Botha next February.