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Where are 'Dawson's Creek' stars today?
Published On: Jan 30 2012 07:34:39 PM PST Updated On: Dec 17 2014 11:00:00 PM PST
With Katie Holmes celebrating her 36th birthday on Thursday, join us for a look at what she and her fellow "Dawson's Creek" castmembers have been up to since the show went off the air.
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subset: commoncrawl


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Bob Shiles Staff writer
October 23, 2013
LUMBERTON — The property housing the law office of former Robeson County Attorney Hal Kinlaw will be sold at a public auction on Thursday.
The foreclosure sale of the property, located in downtown Lumberton at the corner of Elizabethtown Road and Chestnut Street, will be sold at 11 a.m. at the county courthouse on Elm Street. Kinlaw operated a private practice out of the building.
The property will be sold "as is" and will include any tax liens that have been applied to the property, according to a Robeson County Superior Court employee.
Residential property owned by Kinlaw in St. Pauls is also facing foreclosure, but will not be sold at a public auction on Thursday, the court employee said.
Kinlaw was Robeson County's attorney for 23 years before he resigned in June after BB&T filed six lawsuits against him, his wife Marcia, Anita Jo Kinlaw Troxler, and five companies, all of which have addresses listed either for Kinlaw 's home in St. Pauls or his law office. The bank said in the lawsuits that Kinlaw owed $17.8 million.
Kinlaw told The Robesonian at the time that he was in a "bad investment scenario" and "trying to work out a way to pay everything back." His problems, he said, center on land he purchased over the years in Onslow and other coastal counties for development companies. According to Kinlaw, the value of the properties has depreciated so much that the bank now contends the collateral to renew his loan no longer exists.
None of the land is in Robeson County, he said.
County Manager Ricky Harris said earlier this year that Kinlaw had been receiving a salary of $179,242 from the county. Harris also said that Kinlaw was paid by the county for expenses incurred when he required assistance from other attorneys for legal work for the county. According to the School of Government, Kinlaw billed the county $366,405 for additional fees during 2012.
Although he resigned in June, Kinlaw has continued to do legal work for the county for $5,000 a month.
"He is only making the salary and not receiving any county benefits," Harris said Tuesday.
No criminal charges have been filed in the case.


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TRUCKEE, Calif. - Right in the heart of Truckee, an artist is at work.
Neil "Smiley" Manos has been a tattoo artist for 14 years. Originally from Huntington Beach, Calif., Manos found himself in Truckee five years ago, after traveling around California. Living with his new wife and Truckee local, Ashley, Manos opened his own shop, Smiley's Tattoo, in February 2011, after commuting to Reno for several years.
When asked about how he got into tattooing, Manos explained his friends used to ask him to draw out their tattoos for them.
"One friend someday just said, 'Hey, why don't you learn to do that?'" he explained.
So he did. Manos is becoming known for his script writing, but added that he's a well-rounded tattoo artist. He prides himself on his portrait and realism work, as well as his work with bright colors.
"There's not a lot I don't like to (tattoo)," he said of his work, adding that people can come in with any idea in the world, from people to animals to writing, and he can create a tattoo for it.
Manos works with men and women of all ages, noting that his oldest client was an 84-year-old grandmother, who got a traditional rose tattoo, after carrying one with her for 50 years. He added that one of his most prized works includes a full T-shirt of exotic cats.
Smiley's Tattoo prides itself on cleanliness, as well as providing a comfortable, inviting atmosphere, Manos said.
"Cleanliness is the most important factor," he said.
Manos explained that he wants his shop to be as clean and sterile as a doctor's office, yet also feel warm and inviting like you're visiting a friend. The shop tests its autoclave sterilization machine regularly to ensure it aligns with California state law health regulations. Manos has also received training on cross contamination and other safety measures. Notably, the parlor is ADA compliant.
The tattoo shop stands out against competitors, offering organic pigments, free of chemicals and nickel (which often cause infections). The shop also uses a rotary tattoo machine. This machine uses an electric motor to power the needle, as opposed to a spring machine that uses magnetism. The rotary machine is 30 percent faster than the spring machine, and runs more evenly over the skin causing less trauma to the skin, allowing for faster healing.
Manos explained that he doesn't want people to feel intimidated walking into his shop, whether they are getting their first or 15th tattoo.
"I want everyone to feel welcome," Smiley said. "(Getting a tattoo) hurts less if you're comfortable."
Working alone, Manos added that he makes an effort to get to know his clients and exactly what they want in their tattoo. Customers usually schedule a consultation to get ideas down, then drawing the initial design takes anywhere from a day to three weeks, Manos said.
"I draw what (the customer) is thinking," he added.
After the drawing is done, clients schedule a time to get the tattoo done. Smiley charges by the piece, unless it's a larger piece, then it is by the hour. Walk-ins are also accepted for smaller tattoos.
For first timers, Manos suggests putting a lot of thought into your tattoo. Not only will it be a lifelong work of art, but also a bookmark, serving as a constant reminder of that place in time when you got it, along with where you got it.
"Think really hard about what you want," he said. "It should definitely mean something to you and have a (place) in your life."
With winter on the horizon, Manos is expecting to be busy for the next few months. He noted that winter is actually the best time to get tattooed, allowing for the piece to heal properly, out of the sun and water. Smiley's offers locals discounts, as well as discounts for referrals.


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The Orange County Transportation Authority approved an increase in bus fares to help cover rising operating costs, an increase that low-income riders say they cannot afford and that will likely cause a drop in ridership.
On Monday, the board of directors voted 14-2 in favor of the fare hike, which takes effect Feb. 10. Directors Janet Nguyen, Orange County 1st District supervisor, and Lorri Galloway, an Anaheim councilwoman, opposed the increase.
The regular $1.50 fare will go up 33 percent to $2, while the $4 day pass will rise by 25 percent to $5. A 30-day pass, now $55, will go up about 25 percent to $69. Fares will also be raised for students and people with disabilities.
At the meeting, bus riders told the board that buses often arrive late, are overcrowded and are not well-maintained. In public hearings, riders have challenged board members to ride the bus to experience the issues. One woman told the board that the $14 increase to her monthly pass is a week's worth of lunches for her.
Monday morning, before the OCTA made its decision, women boarded Route 83 toward Laguna Hills on their way to their jobs cleaning homes in South County. Many waiting on Sixth Street at Flower take four or five buses from their homes to get to South County before 9 a.m.
Several bus riders said they cannot afford to miss their daily wages to attend the public meetings about the fare increase.
"For us, the fare increase will be too expensive," said Elvira Mendoza, 61, a housekeeper who works in Rancho Santa Margarita and Coto de Caza. "There's not a lot of work."
Housekeeper Elvia Nova, 61, makes the trek from her Santa Ana home to Rancho Santa Margarita and San Juan Capistrano during the week and said the fare increase is excessive.
"Salaries right now are lower," Nova said. "Our salaries don't go up, but the fares do."
Authority officials project that the fare increase – the third in seven years – will result in $6.4 million in additional revenue to maintain current levels of bus service and help cover rising operating costs amid a decline in ridership. Boardings are expected to decline about 8 percent, OCTA officials said.
When looking at September ridership figures, the agency averages 177,000 boardings on its bus system per day, a 2.7 percent decrease when compared with September 2011.
Fare-box revenues decreased from $54.6 million in fiscal year 2008-09 to $50.6 million in 2011-12, the OCTA said. At the same time, operating costs rose from $98.01 per revenue hour in fiscal year 2008-09 to $108.20 in 2011-12.
Officials say the agency needs to raise fares about 25 percent every four years to help cover operating costs.
Nguyen, who opposed the increase, said the agency should be "flipping every rock" to look for funding instead of having riders expect an increase every few years.
The OCTA maintains that in order to keep the bus system moving, it must raise fares.


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Quotes and Sayings about Destiny
Destiny is not a matter of chance, it is a matter of choice; it is not a thing to be waited for, it is a thing to be achieved.
– William Jennings Bryan
Difficulties prepare ordinary people for an extraordinary destiny.
What is meant to be will always find its way.
Thoughts lead on to purposes;
Purposes go forth in action;
Actions form habits;
Habits decide character;
And character fixes our destiny.
If you do not control your destiny, your destiny will control you. If you leave your destiny to luck and chance, you are likely to be disappointed.
– Dr T.P.Chia
The concept that destiny is predetermined is a religious dogma and a philosophical delusion.
– Dr T.P.Chia
Your destiny is a process as well as a consequence with all sort of possibilities. Your destiny is your future which is always changing and changeable, and what you will be and how you will fare in life depends on how you live your life.
– Dr T.P.Chia
Your character is the master of your destiny. The combined weight of a steadfast character, positive values and human strengths contributes to a great destiny. The influence of a defective character, negative values and human weaknesses leads to a messy destiny.
– Dr T.P.Chia
Your destiny also depends on the quality of your physical, mental and emotional health, as well as your attitude toward life and your lifestyle.
– Dr T.P.Chia
Destiny can be created. Many people who were born into poverty have created a successful, great destiny for themselves.
– Dr T.P.Chia
People who have the courage and will to reform or improve a defective character get a chance to reshape and change their destiny.
– Dr T.P.Chia
To discipline your character is to ensure a bright destiny. To pamper your character is to invite a bleak destiny.
– Dr T.P.Chia
Destiny can never be changed it can only be delayed.
Your destiny is in your hands only.
Your destiny or fate is determined by your choices and actions. If you do not control and shape your destiny or fate, your future will be determined by what will happen.
– Dr T.P.Chia
One thing I know about destiny is that it can only be delayed but can not be changed.
When we were born our destiny was already drawn.
The mentality of a man is the driver to his destiny.
All the power in the universe can't change destiny.
A man's character is his fate.


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- Financial Information and Services
Grove School of Engineering
After an extensive nationwide recruiting process, CCNY on Sep. 6th announced the appointment of Dr. Gilda Barabino as the dean of the Grove School of Engineering. Dr. Barabino has an extensive record of leadership in the chemical and biomedical engineering communities, and currently serves as president of the Biomedical Engineering Society. She is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering and the Biomedical Engineering Society. Dr. Barabino's key research areas include sickle cell disease, cellular and tissue engineering and diversity in science and engineering. Her appointment follows almost a decade of distinguished leadership by Prof. Joseph Barba.
Alla Zamarayeva, a junior chemical engineering major in the Grove School of Engineering at The City College of New York, has been awarded a Goldwater Scholarship for 2013 from the Barry M. Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence in Education Foundation. The Goldwater Scholarship, which is federally funded, is America's premiere award for undergraduates majoring in math, science and engineering. More >>CS Prof. Jie Wei, together with Profs. Bingmei Fu and Luis Cardoso (BME) received a 2013 city seed grant entitled "Development of ultrasound stimulation and imaging techniques for brain drug delivery and brain tissue mechanical property." More >>
Research Centers
CAISS • CASI • CAT • CfM • CINT • CIUS • Energy Institute • IUSL • Levich Institute • Municipal Waste Research • NOAA-CREST • NYCBE • Transportation Systems • UTRC • See all >>
The future is engineered here.
Grove engineers are applying innovative solutions to the greatest challenges of our times. Whether you are just beginning your undergraduate career or finishing up your doctorate, at the Grove School of Engineering you will work with world-renown engineering mentors on cutting edge research—no surprise, as Grove faculty oversee 15 research institutes in fields that range from energy and sustainability, nanotechnology, and materials engineering to transportation and remote sensing. These institutes and other labs provide an unmatched training ground for City Engineers in the making.
Long the most popular area chosen by our undergraduates, engineering at City offers students a full compliment of degrees—BE, BS, ME, MS, MIS, and PhD—in a broad range of fields. They also have the opportunity to work with world-class mentors in advanced research laboratories.
Grove supports its students through professional development, student clubs that compete on a regional and national level, and study abroad opportunities that range from our Engineers Without Borders, whose students built a clean water system in El Salvador over several summers, to our membership in the U.S. Global Engineering Education Exchange, which will enable our students to spend a semester or a year at a foreign university.


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In the final Talk Therapy, a plea for Paul not to give up his practice.
Writer and Executive Producer Anya Epstein sees the value in how therapists listen.Crafting Adele
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Dane DeHaan doesn't have much in common with Jesse, but he already knew how to play gay. Read more in the News section.In the News
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You may also like
Rate Dr. Vincent A. Gaudiani
Dr. Vincent A. Gaudiani's Ratings
It was 2 years ago today that Dr Gaudiani replaced my aortic valve. I had surgery on a Friday and was home the following Tuesday. He put my fears to rest immediately upon my pre-surgery visits and I thank God that I was fortunate to get referred to him from my cardiologist. As a matter of fact, my cardiologist said to me that if he needed a valve replacement, he would seek out Dr. G. That was good enough for me. Thank you Dr. G.
Was this rating useful? 0 [[ userState['ratings'][943769].votes_count ]]
This man is the most amazing doctor I have ever encoutered in my life. Thank you Dr. for repairing my heart valve, 3 weeks later Im already at work!
Was this rating useful? 0 [[ userState['ratings'][943768].votes_count ]]
I have known of Dr Gaudiani for a number of years. He replaced a valve for my mother-in-law many years ago. When my aortic valve need replacing, he was my dr of choice. He and his team is the best. Does junk happen? All surgery has some risk. I had runny stools from a previous night dinner. It caused lots of issues...but finally got under control. I hope I never have to do this again, but I would always choose him or his team.
Was this rating useful? 0 [[ userState['ratings'][943767].votes_count ]]
Back in July 1985, when my Dad was 52 and enduring severe chest pains for months, Dr. Gaudiani performed quadruple bypass on him at Sequoia Hospital. My Dad had been a cigarette smoker for at least 30 years prior to the surgery and he quit cold turkey the day before the surgery on Dr. Gaudiani's advice. My Dad is 80 now and going pretty well thank goodness. Thank you G-d for your blessings and for bringing Dr. Gaudiani and his medical knowledge and surgical expertise into my father's life. Dr. Gaudiani has my eternal gratitude.
Was this rating useful? 0 [[ userState['ratings'][943766].votes_count ]]
What a clown. 7 months after my valve replacement, it was clear that there was a problem. I soon had almost 2 liters of fluid removed from my heart sac. Thanks a bunch a-hole doctor. I almost die cause you missed a stitch. WTF no apology, ego bigger than his income.
Was this rating useful? 0 [[ userState['ratings'][943765].votes_count ]]
About a year ago, my cardiologist diagnosed me with a bad mitral valve. She recommended Dr. Gaudiani and I'm blessed to have had a good result and a great surgeon. We researched the internet, saw some videos of "Dr. God" and asked around. After the initial consultation, we felt at ease. He was down to earth, funny and humble for a highly skilled and experienced doctor. On the day of surgery, my wife and I noticed a different surgery protocol for Dr. Gaudiani. It involved an earlier schedule and more detailed, precise procedures. I'm a 51 yr old dad who's back to playing and coaching basketball and soccer. This was my only surgery I've had in my life and Dr. Gaudiani made it simple, safe and successful. Thanks Dr. Gaudiani, A. Khoo
Was this rating useful? 0 [[ userState['ratings'][943764].votes_count ]]
Simply put, Vincent Gaudiani, only painted a picture that had the best possible outcomes for aortic valve replacement surgery. We questioned having the surgery on a Friday and were told by Gaudiani, "You want it on Friday because then I can see you on Saturday." He never showed up on Saturday, but we saw him for about 3 minutes on Monday. The patient, who was 90, was told he would be out of the hospital in 5 or 6 days, driving in three weeks and completely active in six weeks. The hospital stay was 15 days followed by another 3 weeks in a rehab center. Other results never mentioned: installing a pacemaker, not a full physical recovery, and worst of all, loss of significant mental acuity. The valve replacement seems to have gone fine, but the side effects should have been presented so the patient could make an accurate decision. If anyone at any age is considering this surgery, they need to get a second or third opinion from other surgeons.
Was this rating useful? 0 [[ userState['ratings'][943763].votes_count ]]
Dr Gaudiani did a great job. When I met with him prior to surgery he put me totally at ease and gave me great guidance re the type of aortic valve I should get. This man knows his stuff and thinks on his feet. When my heart wasn't coming off the machine like it should he did a bypass. Dr Gaudiani also has a great team working with him. No review would be complete without kudos for Dr Spowart and Mari. Thanks again, everyone!!
Was this rating useful? 0 [[ userState['ratings'][943762].votes_count ]]
In September of 2008 Dr, Gaudiani scheduled me for a Mittral Valve repair as my valve was heavily calcified and was so worn out it was causing pulmonary regurgitation. I was 42 at the time and felt like I was 3 times that age as just walking short distances was a chore. Dr. Gaudiani performed the repair at CHOMP and had the artificial valves ready to replace. Once Dr. Gaudiani got inside to see how poor the condition was he took it as a persaonl challenge to do the "BEST" job possible to help this youg 42 year old. Dr, Gaudiani actually spent the time to rebuild a new valve out of my own tissue as opposed to reolacing my valce as he said he didnt want to see me have to go through this procedure every 10 years. They call him "Dr. GOD" in the circle, and I wont take that away from him. This man is and was a heaven sent Dr. into my life. My wife and I can not stop talking about his mind boggling skills to everyone we meet. Thank you Dr. Gaudiani!!! John Bassett
Was this rating useful? 0 [[ userState['ratings'][943761].votes_count ]]
I am convinced that Dr. Gaudiani is the best cardiac surgeon that you will ever find. He did a mitral valve prolapse repair and Maze procedure on my husband, and several of the doctors that we talked to weren't even going to attempt a repair (instead of a valve replacement). Dr. Gaudiani did an amazing job, and a few years later, my husband is hiking, running, working out and in great shape. He had a follow up Echo where the technician was extremely impressed at the repair, whose quality was evident just from the imaging, and wanted to know what hospital and doctor had done this. In addition. Dr. Gaudiani is a kind, generous, informative person who I am convinced does his very best for all of his patients. He was so incredibly humble with us - a truly wonderful human being. You should be so lucky to put yourself in his hands. I would not hesitate if anyone I knew ever needed heart surgery. If there is any way that you can use Dr. Gaudiani, I would strongly encourage it!
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On Friday morning, I meet five runners for a four-mile spin through Savannah, Georgia. Lydia DePue leads the running program at the local Fleet Feet Sports shop, which celebrates Fridays with a costume run; hence, her bunny ears. She mapped today's course, which starts and ends at Clary's Cafe. We have two items on our agenda: (1) an easy run amid the Southern scenery and (2) a righteous order of pancakes afterward.
As one who often falls into the rut of running by myself on the same flat route on the same nondescript roads, I enjoy every step of this group outing. We run on the cobblestones, under the oaks, and along the river. We run through the historic Colonial Park Cemetery and Forsyth Park. We talk about race strategy and Savannah's must-eat-there restaurants.
"I think we have some people in our [Fleet Feet] run group," Lydia says, "who run just for the Saturday breakfasts."
I want to respond, "Some people?"
As runners, we live in this loop: We burn. We earn. We yearn.
Of all the foods that a runner might use to lube the anatomical engine, there's little doubt about what tops the list—those circular stacks of flour that can be morphed into any flavor, texture, or style you want. Buttery, syrupy, nutty, fruity, mushy, crispy, cakey, creamy, chunky, sugary, chocolaty. Short stacks, high stacks. As big as a catcher's mitt, as small as a monocle. One, three, five, a dozen, oh sure, I'll finish yours, too. For a runner, the pancake is to a weekend morning as a turkey is to Thanksgiving, as a hot dog is to a ball game, as a martini is to James Bond.
Soon, we circle back to Clary's (established 1903), a local landmark featured in the book Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil—an appropriate fact, I think, when discussing the lore and legend of the pancake.
Aah, pancakes. So good. And so evil—if left to the renegade whims of tongue and stomach.
After the run, we sit at an outside table next to the road we ran on. The talk ricochets around all things running—fund-raising, expo locations, Boston, Dean Karnazes, and something called a double-pump, which takes you over the Talmadge Memorial Bridge three times in a back-to-back 5-K and 10-K.
While my mouth talks, my mouth waits.
I order two pancakes. On one side, they're tree-bark brown. On the other, more doe-colored. But their arrival is announced by their size: They're so big that I can't even see the plate—a helicopter could land on them. I add butter, I add syrup. With coffee and a side of bacon, each bite of pancake is firm yet soft, sweet yet substantial, light yet filling. Perfect gustatory balance.
This, I know, is the finish line.


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In the arts, the Baroque (pronounced /bə'rɒk/) was a Western cultural epoch, commencing roughly at the beginning of the 17th century in Rome, Italy. It was exemplified by drama and grandeur in sculpture, painting, literature, dance, and music.
The popularity and success of the Baroque style was encouraged by the Roman Catholic Church which had decided at the time of the Council of Trent that the arts should communicate religious themes in direct and emotional involvement. The aristocracy also saw the dramatic style of Baroque architecture and art as a means of impressing visitors and expressing triumphant power and control. Baroque palaces are built around an entrance of courts, grand staircases and reception rooms of sequentially increasing opulence. In similar profusions of detail, art, music, architecture, and literature inspired each other in the Baroque cultural movement as artists explored what they could create from repeated and varied patterns. Some traits and aspects of Baroque paintings that differentiate this style from others are the abundant amount of details, often bright polychromy, less realistic faces of subjects, and an overall sense of awe, which was one of the goals in Baroque art.
According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the word baroque is derived from the Portuguese word "barroco", Spanish "barroco", or French "baroque", all of which refer to a "rough or imperfect pearl", though whether it entered those languages via Latin, Arabic, or some other source is uncertain. In informal usage, the word baroque can simply mean that something is "elaborate", with many details, without reference to the Baroque styles of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
Beginning around the year 1600, the demands for new art resulted in what is now known as the Baroque. The canon promulgated at the Council of Trent (1545–63) by which the Roman Catholic Church addressed the representational arts by demanding that paintings and sculptures in church contexts should speak to the illiterate rather than to the well-informed, is customarily offered as an inspiration of the Baroque, which appeared, however, a generation later. This turn toward a populist conception of the function of ecclesiastical art is seen by many art historians as driving the innovations of Caravaggio and the Carracci brothers, all of whom were working in Rome at that time.
The appeal of Baroque style turned consciously from the witty, intellectual qualities of 16th century Mannerist art to a visceral appeal aimed at the senses. It employed an iconography that was direct, simple, obvious, and dramatic. Baroque art drew on certain broad and heroic tendencies in Annibale Carracci and his circle, and found inspiration in other artists such as Caravaggio, and Federico Barocci nowadays sometimes termed 'proto-Baroque'.
Germinal ideas of the Baroque can also be found in the work of Michelangelo and Correggio.
Some general parallels in music make the expression "Baroque music" useful. Contrasting phrase lengths, harmony and counterpoint ousted polyphony, and orchestral color made a stronger appearance. (See Baroque music.) Similar fascination with simple, strong, dramatic expression in poetry, where clear, broad syncopated rhythms replaced the enknotted elaborated metaphysical similes employed by Mannerists such as John Donne and imagery that was strongly influenced by visual developments in painting, can be sensed in John Milton's Paradise Lost, a Baroque epic.
Though Baroque was superseded in many centers by the Rococo style, beginning in France in the late 1720s, especially for interiors, paintings and the decorative arts, Baroque architecture remained a viable style until the advent of Neoclassicism in the later 18th century. A prominent example, the Neapolitan palace of Caserta, a Baroque palace (though in a chaste exterior) that was not even begun until 1752. Critics have given up talking about a "Baroque period."
In paintings, Baroque gestures are broader than Mannerist gestures: less ambiguous, less arcane and mysterious, more like the stage gestures of opera, a major Baroque artform. Baroque poses depend on contrapposto ("counterpoise"), the tension within the figures that moves the planes of shoulders and hips in counterdirections. It made the sculptures almost seem like they were about to move. See Bernini's David (below, left).
The drier, chastened, less dramatic and coloristic, later stages of 18th century Baroque architectural style are often seen as a separate Late Baroque manifestation. (See Claude Perrault.) Academic characteristics in the neo-Palladian architectural style, epitomized by William Kent, are a parallel development in Britain and the British colonies: within doors, Kent's furniture designs are vividly influenced by the Baroque furniture of Rome and Genoa, hieratic tectonic sculptural elements meant never to be moved from their positions completing the wall elevation. Baroque is a style of unity imposed upon rich and massy detail.
The Baroque was defined by Heinrich Wölfflin as the age where the oval replaced the circle as the center of composition, balance replaced organization around a central axis, and coloristic and "painterly" effects began to become more prominent. Art historians, often Protestant ones, have traditionally emphasized that the Baroque style evolved during a time in which the Roman Catholic Church had to react against the many revolutionary cultural movements that produced a new science and new forms of religion—the Reformation. It has been said that the monumental Baroque is a style that could give the papacy, like secular absolute monarchies, a formal, imposing way of expression that could restore its prestige, at the point of becoming somehow symbolic of the Catholic Reformation. Whether this is the case or not, it was successfully developed in Rome, where Baroque architecture widely renewed the central areas with perhaps the most important urbanistic revision during this period of time.
A defining statement of what Baroque signifies in painting is provided by the series of paintings executed by Peter Paul Rubens for Marie de Medici at the Luxembourg Palace in Paris (now at the Louvre) , in which a Catholic painter satisfied a Catholic patron: Baroque-era conceptions of monarchy, iconography, handling of paint, and compositions as well as the depiction of space and movement.
There were highly diverse strands of Italian baroque painting, from Caravaggio to Cortona; both approaching emotive dynamism with different styles. Another frequently cited work of Baroque art is Bernini's Saint Theresa in Ecstasy for the Cornaro chapel in Saint Maria della Vittoria, which brings together architecture, sculpture, and theater into one grand conceit
The later Baroque style gradually gave way to a more decorative Rococo, which, through contrast, further defines Baroque.
The intensity and immediacy of baroque art and its individualism and detail—observed in such things as the convincing rendering of cloth and skin textures—make it one of the most compelling periods of Western art.
The architecture, sculpture and fountains of Bernini (1598–1680) give highly charged characteristics of Baroque style. Bernini was undoubtedly the most important sculptor of the Baroque period. He approached Michelangelo in his omnicompetence: Bernini sculpted, worked as an architect, painted, wrote plays, and staged spectacles. In the late 20th century Bernini was most valued for his sculpture, both for his virtuosity in carving marble and his ability to create figures that combine the physical and the spiritual. He was also a fine sculptor of bust portraits in high demand among the powerful.
Saint Theresa, the focal point of the chapel, is a soft white marble statue surrounded by a polychromatic marble architectural framing. This structure works to conceal a window which lights the statue from above. In shallow relief, sculpted figure-groups of the Cornaro family inhabit in opera boxes along the two side walls of the chapel. The setting places the viewer as a spectator in front of the statue with the Cornaro family leaning out of their box seats and craning forward to see the mystical ecstasy of the saint. St. Theresa is highly idealized and in an imaginary setting. St. Theresa of Avila, a popular saint of the Catholic Reformation, wrote of her mystical experiences aimed at the nuns of her Carmelite Order; these writings had become popular reading among lay people interested in pursuing spirituality. In her writings, she described the love of God as piercing her heart like a burning arrow. Bernini literalizes this image by placing St. Theresa on a cloud while a Cupid figure holds a golden arrow (the arrow is made of metal) and smiles down at her. The angelic figure is not preparing to plunge the arrow into her heart— rather, he has withdrawn it. St. Theresa's face reflects not the anticipation of ecstasy, but her current fulfillment.
This is widely considered the genius of Baroque although this mix of religious and erotic imagery was extremely offensive in the context of neoclassical restraint. However, Bernini was a devout Catholic and was not attempting to satirize the experience of a chaste nun. Rather, he aimed to portray religious experience as an intensely physical one. Theresa described her bodily reaction to spiritual enlightenment in a language of ecstasy used by many mystics, and Bernini's depiction is earnest.
The Cornaro family promotes itself discreetly in this chapel; they are represented visually, but are placed on the sides of the chapel, witnessing the event from balconies. As in an opera house, the Cornaro have a privileged position in respect to the viewer, in their private reserve, closer to the saint; the viewer, however, has a better view from the front. They attach their name to the chapel, but St. Theresa is the focus. It is a private chapel in the sense that no one could say mass on the altar beneath the statue (in 17th century and probably through the 19th) without permission from the family, but the only thing that divides the viewer from the image is the altar rail. The spectacle functions both as a demonstration of mysticism and as a piece of family pride.
In Baroque architecture, new emphasis was placed on bold massing, colonnades, domes, light-and-shade (chiaroscuro), 'painterly' color effects, and the bold play of volume and void. In interiors, Baroque movement around and through a void informed monumental staircases that had no parallel in previous architecture. The other Baroque innovation in worldly interiors was the state apartment, a processional sequence of increasingly rich interiors that culminated in a presence chamber or throne room or a state bedroom. The sequence of monumental stairs followed by a state apartment was copied in smaller scale everywhere in aristocratic dwellings of any pretensions.
Baroque architecture was taken up with enthusiasm in central Germany (see e.g. Ludwigsburg Palace and Zwinger Dresden), Austria and Russia (see e.g. Peterhof). In England the culmination of Baroque architecture was embodied in work by Sir Christopher Wren, Sir John Vanbrugh and Nicholas Hawksmoor, from ca. 1660 to ca. 1725. Many examples of Baroque architecture and town planning are found in other European towns, and in Latin America. Town planning of this period featured radiating avenues intersecting in squares, which took cues from Baroque garden plans.In Sicily, Baroque developed new shapes and themes as in Noto, Ragusa and Acireale "Basilica di San Sebastiano"
In theater, the elaborate conceits, multiplicity of plot turns, and variety of situations characteristic of Mannerism (Shakespeare's tragedies, for instance) were superseded by opera, which drew together all the arts into a unified whole.
Theater evolved in the Baroque era and became a multimedia experience, starting with the actual architectural space. In fact, much of the technology used in current Broadway or commercial plays was invented and developed during this era. The stage could change from a romantic garden to the interior of a palace in a matter of seconds. The entire space became a framed selected area that only allows the users to see a specific action, hiding all the machinery and technology - mostly ropes and pulleys.
This technology affected the content of the narrated or performed pieces, practicing at its best the Deus ex Machina solution. Gods were finally able to come down - literally - from the heavens and rescue the hero in the most extreme and dangerous, even absurd situations.
The term Theatrum Mundi - the world is a stage - was also created. The social and political realm in the real world is manipulated in exactly the same way the actor and the machines are presenting/limiting what is being presented on stage, hiding selectively all the machinery that makes the actions happen.
The films Vatel, Farinelli, and the staging of Monteverdi's Orpheus at the Gran Teatre del Liceu in Barcelona, give a good idea of the style of productions of the Baroque period. The American musician William Christie and Les Arts Florissants have performed extensive research on all the French Baroque Opera, performing pieces from Charpentier and Lully, among others that are extremely faithful to the original 17th century creations.
Virtuosity was researched by artists (and the virtuoso became a common figure in any art) together with realism and care for details (some talk of a typical "intricacy").
The privilege given to external forms had to compensate and balance the lack of content that has been observed in many Baroque works: Marino's "Maraviglia", for example, is practically made of the pure, mere form. Fantasy and imagination should be evoked in the spectator, in the reader, in the listener. All was focused around the individual Man, as a straight relationship between the artist, or directly the art and its user, its client. Art is then less distant from user, more directly approaching him, solving the cultural gap that used to keep art and user reciprocally far, by Maraviglia. But the increased attention to the individual, also created in these schemes some important genres like the Romanzo (novel) and allowed popular or local forms of art, especially dialectal literature, to be put into evidence. In Italy this movement toward the single individual (that some define a "cultural descent", while others indicate it as a possible cause for the classical opposition to Baroque) caused Latin to be definitely replaced by Italian.
In Spain, the baroque writers are framed in the Siglo de Oro. Naturalism and sharply critical points of view on Spanish society are common among such conceptista writers as Quevedo, while culterano authors emphasize the importance of form with complicated images and the use of hyperbaton. In Catalonia the baroque took hold as well in Catalan language, with representatives including poets and dramaturgs such as Francesc Fontanella and Francesc Vicenç Garcia as well as the unique emblem book Atheneo de Grandesa by Josep Romaguera. In Colonial Spanish America some of the best-known baroque writers were Sor Juana and Bernardo de Balbuena, in Mexico, and Juan de Espinosa Medrano and Juan del Valle Caviedes, in Peru.
In the Portuguese Empire the most famous baroque writer of the time was Father António Vieira, a Jesuit who lived in Brazil during the 18th century. Secondary writers are Gregório de Matos and Francisco Rodrigues Lobo.
In English literature, the metaphysical poets represent a closely related movement; their poetry likewise sought unusual metaphors, which they then examined in often extensive detail. Their verse also manifests a taste for paradox, and deliberately inventive and unusual turns of phrase.
For German Baroque literature, see German literature of the Baroque period.
The term Baroque is also used to designate the style of music composed during a period that overlaps with that of Baroque art, but usually encompasses a slightly later period. Antonio Vivaldi, J.S. Bach and G.F. Handel are often considered its culminating figures.
It is a still-debated question as to what extent Baroque music shares aesthetic principles with the visual and literary arts of the Baroque period. A fairly clear, shared element is a love of ornamentation, and it is perhaps significant that the role of ornament was greatly diminished in both music and architecture as the Baroque gave way to the Classical period.
It should be noted that the application of the term "Baroque" to music is a relatively recent development. The first use of the word "Baroque" in music was only in 1919, by Curt Sachs, and it was not until 1940 that it was first used in English (in an article published by Manfred Bukofzer). Even as late as 1960 there was still considerable dispute in academic circles over whether music as diverse as that by Jacopo Peri, François Couperin and J.S. Bach could be meaningfully bundled together under a single stylistic term.
Many musical forms were born in that era, like the concerto and sinfonia. Forms such as the sonata, cantata and oratorio flourished. Also, opera was born out of the experimentation of the Florentine Camerata, the creators of monody, who attempted to recreate the theatrical arts of the Ancient Greeks. Indeed, it is exactly that development which is often used to denote the beginning of the musical Baroque, around 1600. An important technique used in baroque music was the use of ground bass, a repeated bass line. Dido's Lament by Henry Purcell is a famous example of this technique.
The term "Baroque" was initially used with a derogatory meaning, to underline the excesses of its emphasis. In particular, the term was used to describe its eccentric redundancy and noisy abundance of details, which sharply contrasted the clear and sober rationality of the Renaissance. It was first rehabilitated by the Swiss-born art historian, Heinrich Wölfflin (1864–1945) in his Renaissance und Barock (1888); Wölfflin identified the Baroque as "movement imported into mass," an art antithetic to Renaissance art. He did not make the distinctions between Mannerism and Baroque that modern writers do, and he ignored the later phase, the academic Baroque that lasted into the 18th century. Writers in French and English did not begin to treat Baroque as a respectable study until Wölfflin's influence had made German scholarship pre-eminent.


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Editor's note: The reviews were originally published on Aug. 30.
New album: Electric Cables
Artist: Lightships
Label: Geographic
Rating: 4 stars out of 5
Lightships is a band/project headed up by former Teenage Fan Club member Gerard Love. Instead of the supercharged material Love provided for his former band, the material on "Electric Cables" is a more subtle affair.
On "Electric Cables," Love is joined by former TFC drummer Brendan O'Hare, along with Bob Kildea of Belle & Sebastian — themselves progenitors of many fine slices of dreamy pop. Although "Electric Cables" has the pedigree of a side project, the unassuming results are as solid as anything produced by Love's regular gigs.
The track "The Warmth of the Sun" on "Electric Cables" is not to be confused with the Brian Wilson tune of the same name — although Love's "Warmth" could be the evil twin of Wilson's. While both songs feature lush arrangements and plaintive vocals, Wilson seemed happy in the sun, and Love seems ill at ease out in the open.
While "Electric Cables" will never be mistaken for a Motorhead album, Love and his co-conspirators have nimbly walked the fine line between introspection and boredom. "Every Blossom" successfully channels the eternal 1960s autumn of Chad and Jeremy into modern currency, keeping things light but interesting. On the breezy "Stretching Out," Love almost gets his groove on; it won't make you dance, but it's good for a decent head bob.
The credits roll over "Sunlight to the Dawn," which deftly summarizes the entire album. "Electric Cables" is an album designed for night or rainy day listening — not too slow, not too fast. Hopefully Love will consider Lightships a going concern.
Classic album: Can't Slow Down
Artist: Lionel Richie
Label: Motown
Rating: 4.5 stars out of 5
"Can't Slow Down" was the second solo album released by Lionel Richie since his departure from the Commodores, and it made him an international star.
When the album was released in 1983, pop music had yet to become the segregated mess it is today. Then recent R&B hits by Hall & Oates and Queen proved radio programmers were still open minded; so much so that Richie had a pop and country hit with "Stuck on You" from "Can't Slow Down." If the country chart success of "Stuck on You" was unexpected, then the pop and R&B ascension of "All Night Long," "Penny Lover," "Hello" and "Running with the Night" were as predictable as death and taxes.
"All Night Long" was a populist hit in the tradition of Kool and The Gang's "Celebration." Whether you were into rock, country or polka in 1983, most likely you were caught singing along to "All Night Long" at least once. The combination of Richie's joyful vocal and the horn-driven samba-like groove had people who couldn't make it past 8 p.m. pretending they could.
"Penny Lover" and "Hello" also crossed over genre and race barriers to become a massive hit single on several different charts. The cinematic "Running with the Night" was mainly confined to pop flavored airwaves, but it also made an impact nonetheless.
Prince would pull the same hat trick a few months later with the release of "Purple Rain," but with "Can't Slow Down" Richie led the last wave of major crossover success in popular music. Critics often scoff at major 1980s albums such as "Can't Slow Down," but as far as true pop music goes, this is about as good as it gets.
Jon Dawson's album reviews appear every Thursday in The Free Press. Contact Jon at 252-559-1092 or email@example.com. Purchase Jon's book, 'Making Gravy in Public' at The Free Press office and at jondawson.com.


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The Matriculation Services outcomes-assessment process is documented and described below. For more details, view the rest of our department website.
Assessment results and progress are documented each semester in our Assessment Progress Reports with highlights each year in our Program Review.
Mission Statement:
The Office of Matriculation and Assessment Services strives to ensure that students achieve their educational objectives by collaboratively providing student-directed components of matriculation such as placement assessment, advising/counseling and prerequisites.
After accessing Matriculation Office services, students will be able to:
- Locate the services, such as orientation, placement, and counseling that they need to get started pursuing an education at CCSF
- Place into the appropriate level of English, ESL, or Math to maximize their success
- Enroll in credit courses and programs of study
These programs areas are on a regular cycle of review, during which outcomes are updated and revised. For assessment details and timelines see links for progress reports in right side column.
|Program area
|Placement Assessment at CCSF
|Placement Testing at Local High Schools
|GED Testing


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The challenges facing all democracies, and Israel's young democracy in particular, are enormous.
SHATIL, the New Israel Fund's empowerment and training center was established in 1982 to promote democracy, tolerance, and social justice in Israel. Recognizing the need for building a strong civil society in Israel, SHATIL, Israel's leading capacity building center for social change organizations, provides over 1000 non-profit organizations with consulting and training in organizational development, advocacy, media and PR, coalition building, resource development and volunteer management each year.
SHATIL has been promoting civil society and helping Israeli society put democratic principles into practice for the past 30 years.
With offices in Haifa- serving the northern periphery, Beersheva- serving the southern periphery, and Jerusalem in the center of the country, SHATIL's multi-cultural staff has a broad understanding of Israeli society and is in the position to help the third sector mobilize to promote civil society in Israel.
Whom do we serve?
While a healthy number of civil society organizations are founded each year, they lack the professional skills required to sustain their organizations, develop clear goals and objectives and raise funding. To encourage and sustain the growth of civil society organization in Israel and encourage the empowerment of peripheral populations, SHATIL provides organizations each year with direct consulting, training workshops and coalition coordination. Specifically, SHATIL works with organizations that:
- Defend civil and human rights
- Promote Jewish-Arab equality and coexistence
- Advance the status of women
- Foster tolerance and pluralism
- Bridge social and economic gaps
- Pursue environmental justice, and
- Encourage government accountability
For more information about SHATIL, please visit the english version of the SHATIL website.


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