text:
Can you mirror Android Phone screen to AppleTv or Roku?
by KjelstromJason - 6/20/12 11:34 AM
I have an android phone but i would like to mirror the screen on to the TV. If that requires an apple tv or roku that isn't a problem, but how?
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by: KjelstromJason June 20, 2012 11:34 AM PDT
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Staff pick
Can you mirror Android Phone screen to AppleTv or Roku?
by KjelstromJason - 6/20/12 11:34 AM
I have an android phone but i would like to mirror the screen on to the TV. If that requires an apple tv or roku that isn't a problem, but how?
Total posts: 21 (Showing page 1 of 1)
To do this you would
by R. Proffitt - 6/20/12 11:38 AM
In Reply to: Can you mirror Android Phone screen to AppleTv or Roku? by KjelstromJason
Become a developer of apps for android and the roku. I'm guessing you were looking for something made today but you didn't find it.
Once in awhile a member will ask why such software wasn't created. Most of the time there is no need since there are existing solutions such as a video cable (I have one for my phone!)
Staff pick
Doesn't address the need
by BitsysDad - 7/27/12 7:25 PM
In Reply to: To do this you would by R. Proffitt
I think the author wanted wireless mirroring, at least that's what it would be using an AppleTV which receives an iPad's screen stream over a WiFi/LAN connection and transforms it for a wired HDMI link to an HDTV or HD projector. In a conference room or classrom setting, for example, that allows the presenter to walk around and present content directly from their iPad. I work with a university central IT service and am quite keen to find an Android technology that functions like AppleTV's wireless mirroring. The only thing I've been able to find to date is work being done by xBounds. Google search them and you'll even turn up a YouTube clip from xBounds demonstrating their prototype device that's clear and illuminating. I think that's the solution we're looking for but to my knowledge there's no known release date. I just noticed a reference to an AllShare Cast dongle and that also seems to be a good solution, including some enterprise/business apps but I could not find a release date for that one either. And the HTC Media Link HD seemed to me to be far too restrictive in several ways. As another possible solution, I think the concept of using a common Roku box is brilliant since the box hardware, software and functionality are mature and stable but the mirroring app aspects would indeed need to be developed. In any case, if anyone finds good solutions that are actually available for purchase, please speak up!
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Now that I've seen HOWEVER
by R. Proffitt - 7/28/12 8:08 AM
In Reply to: Doesn't address the need by BitsysDad
The speed of WiFi is not fast enough to move the screen over so it's not something folk would be happy with.
TODAY. NOW!!! We have VNC but only the folks that are simple users would not be able to get it to work. Maybe that's a good thing because the issue of speed could have the folk that don't understand the system (wifi speeds, etc.) would be very upset.
Staff pick
Still unsure you appreciate the application need
by BitsysDad - 7/28/12 4:59 PM
In Reply to: Now that I've seen HOWEVER by R. Proffitt
While I've never (needed) to assess bandwidth requirements for iPad WiFi based mirroring, it's certainly adequate for HD movies on Amazon and I've never seen any loss artifacts from the (probably expertly and losslessly compressed) iPad mirrored display so I don't have any reason to believe that should be an issue. Indeed, it all works just fine with an iPad 3rd Gen and AppleTV. You might want to check it out some day in an Apple store.
We're just interested in the same functionality for Android devices and your responses haven't seemed to be addressing that at all.
I've been using VNC (TightVNC up to now and RealVNC this year when I needed best of breed for iOS and the desktop OS's) for years and I certainly could be mistaken but I don't know of any way to use it for mirroring the iOS (or presumably Android) device's display to an HDMI (room class) presentation display device. Conceptually it would require VNC *server* functionality in the mobile device and a *client* of some kind built-in to the presentation device adapter -- and I'm not aware of any such implementations or plans. It would also be an odd and grossly overcomplicated way to do something pretty simple -- transporting a compressed full-screen image stream from the mobile device to the display adapter. Do you do any wireless mirroring at all and if so using what technologies? With due respect, your answers thus far suggest not.
In any case, it certainly looks like the xBounds and the AllShare Cast devices may do he trick once they're available. If you have any actual experience or clear knowledge of any other promising approaches, please do let us know.
Staff pick
Why I can't address this for Android.
by R. Proffitt - 7/29/12 8:59 AM
In Reply to: Still unsure you appreciate the application need by BitsysDad
There's no app for that unless you count VNC.
ACTUAL Experience is VNC for a demo where we needed to show the screen during the demo. But it's far too fiddly and it FAILS for you in a few ways.
As a hardware and software designer and author (I do write stuff!) I know some of the stuff underneath.
So why isn't VNC a fix for now? I'm only guessing you don't want the PC on the other end.
Staff pick
by Osiris_Indigo - 9/4/12 7:26 AM
In Reply to: Now that I've seen HOWEVER by R. Proffitt
Wifi is more that adequate. Tell the millions of people that use Airplay between mac, ipad and appleTV everyday that Wifi isn't fast enough. I also use plex to stream video from PC to Roku everyday. Of course, the Roku and Apple TV boxs connect to their HD video sources over Wifi anyway.
Of course it can be done over wifi. All the poster wants is the same functionality that the Apple TV box already has!
Staff pick
Then show me the solutions.
by R. Proffitt - 9/4/12 7:31 AM
In Reply to: Incorrect by Osiris_Indigo
Calling me out like this is fine, but did you supply a solution? (No.)
So it seems you didn't and for now I'm correct. There's some reason why this is not out.
I'm sure it will happen soon, but since you didn't supply the app's name and more, it's not out?
Staff pick
Calling Out?
by Osiris_Indigo - 9/4/12 9:31 AM
In Reply to: Then show me the solutions. by R. Proffitt
Hardly. Your assessment that Wifi is too slow is what I called out because numerous apps on numerous platforms already do what you said wasn't possible. I stream over wifi with PLEX to the Roku everyday. With a little bit of hunting I found "Juice" for Roku that sounds like it will do a great deal of what Airplay does by allowing you mirror many apps on Android to a Roku box.
But again, my comments were not directed specifically at finding a mirroring app for Roku, instead just to make sure that the community knew that you indeed COULD stream over wifi. A streamed screen content would be no different than streaming an HD movie.
Staff pick
So let's see that app.
by R. Proffitt - 9/4/12 9:40 AM
In Reply to: Calling Out? by Osiris_Indigo
WiFi is not up to the task of mirroring a display at the rate needed to play a movie.
And it appears you are confusing streaming a movie with mirroring a display. My background includes video work in DVRs, embedded systems and more.
I'd love to see anyone get a mirror app that could do 1080p over wifi to the speed that is needed but the lag time involved means those that wanted such are usually upset. That is, the GAMER is miffed and unhappy. The person that thought they could mirror the display to play a movie is also upset as the frame rates fall among other issues.
To fix this, you see wireless HDMI solutions. And that's not wifi and it's not "streaming."
-> Thanks for the replies but as the man said "Show me the app."
Staff pick
Complicating things, aren't you Bob?
by LostNut - 10/24/12 10:39 AM
In Reply to: So let's see that app. by R. Proffitt
The guy only want to be able to use "Airplay" but with an Android phone instead of a iOS.
Yes you can.
You can find apps on Google Play that does that like AirSync from DoubleTwist.
Staff pick
Not at all. But I know DoubleTwist and no screen mirror.
by R. Proffitt - 10/24/12 12:55 PM
In Reply to: Complicating things, aren't you Bob? by LostNut
Thanks for the note about DoubleTwist but where is the screen mirror feature KjelstromJason asked for?
Staff pick
Dude your wrong
by DarSwede - 11/1/12 11:06 AM
In Reply to: So let's see that app. by R. Proffitt
Rong Proffitt your completely misinformed.
WiFi is currently mirroring displays at rates needed to play a movie, a game, and any multimedia event you can think of.
I have both Android and iPads, iPhones,and a Macbook Air. They mirror over WiFi, show videos, whatever is on your screen is on the TV seamless and fluid with no stuttering, slowdowns, screen refresh issues or nothing. I can see my mouse not he screen, here the sound from my PC. I play Call of Duty over my AirPlay over WiFi all the time. Everything, all via a wireless WiFi connection via Apple TV. Yes it done today and very normal.
Android obviously doesn't have the capability to do this due to its non-centralized framework. It must depend on third-party apps to pull this off, if they ever do this internally. The only thing Android needs is a protocol to communicate over WiFi all the time.
Visit an Apple store near you for a demonstration.
Staff pick
Show me the app.
by R. Proffitt - 11/1/12 11:10 AM
In Reply to: Dude your wrong by DarSwede
You told me to go to Apple for a demo which is OK but where is the Android app and demo?
We know this is possible but where is it?
Show me the app.
Staff pick
sorry for the misspellings
by DarSwede - 11/1/12 11:11 AM
In Reply to: Dude your wrong by DarSwede
sorry for the misspellings I was using this new Nexus 7 and its not the best at voice typing.
R.P. Your point about show me the app is correct. Your point about WiFi is wrong.
Staff pick
Dang dude!!
by DarSwede - 11/1/12 11:12 AM
In Reply to: sorry for the misspellings by DarSwede
Are you waiting for replys on this thread that was fast!! I am impressed. lol
Staff pick
The forum sends me an alert on tracked threads.
by R. Proffitt - 11/1/12 11:15 AM
In Reply to: Dang dude!! by DarSwede
I'm hoping that someone will write this app. There's a lot that has to happen for this to work and on the older slower Androids I don't see enough CPU power to crunch the frame sizes down (that's called encoding) to get the HD display over in time.
Staff pick
Latest on Dream Chip xBounds for Android Mirroring to HDMI
by BitsysDad - 11/1/12 1:44 PM
In Reply to: The forum sends me an alert on tracked threads. by R. Proffitt
Those of you interested in this topic may want to keep an eye on Dream Chip xBounds. Here's the latest YouTube from them:
It looks like they're making good progress but I infer that they may need a purchaser/manufacturer before we'll see the technology in catalogues. They've been working on it for a long time now ... but it does keep getting better and better so there's hope.
-- Jim
Staff pick
For BitsysDad. I never write it was not possible.
by R. Proffitt - 11/1/12 7:41 PM
In Reply to: Can you mirror Android Phone screen to AppleTv or Roku? by KjelstromJason
Just that it's not out yet. And those that wanted it now may have to dive in and create it.
There's still issues with slower Androids whether they can do the encoding and what else at the same time.
Staff pick
Recently possible, but only for rooted devices with KitKat
by Phil-R- - 3/25/14 8:41 AM
In Reply to: Can you mirror Android Phone screen to AppleTv or Roku? by KjelstromJason
Search for Koushik Dutta's "Mirror" or Cyanogenmod CM11's screencast.
Everyone saying that "Wifi is too slow for movies" must be running 802.11b. Modern Wifi is well suited to screencasting. The quality if not as good as native, but acceptable.
Staff pick
Thanks. Closing this old thread.
by R. Proffitt - 3/25/14 10:37 AM
In Reply to: Recently possible, but only for rooted devices with KitKat by Phil-R-
Let's call it dated information and hope if folk need this they'll ask in a new post. Times change and answers will change and be outdated as Android evolves.
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While college football coaches didn't have a place for Hunter Williams when he was leaving Wake Forest-Rolesville, the linebacker had a different outlook.
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While the Demon Deacons face long odds, they have a linebacker who knows all about that. Williams fell into the starting role after Steve Donatell was lost to a season-ending knee injury two weeks ago.
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Records: Wake Forest 2-2, 0-1; Clemson 3-0, 1-0
When: 3:30 p.m. today (ESPNU)
Where: Memorial Stadium, Clemson, S.C.
Series: Clemson leads 60-17-1.
Extra points …: Clemson has won four straight and six of the past seven games with Wake Forest ... The Demon Deacons' lone victory in that stretch came in 2008 and touched off an upheaval at Clemson as then-coach Tommy Bowden was let go and current coach Dabo Swinney got the job on an interim basis. Swinney later was hired fulltime. ... Wake Forest nose guard Nikita Whitlock had a career-best 15 tackles in his team's 25-11 victory against Army last week. ... Clemson kicker Chandler Catanzaro accounted for eight points last week to become the school's career scoring leader with 330 career points, moving past Aaron Hunt.


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text:
Milleisime Imperial
Black Tea by Murdock
Opus 1870.
Thread: Top Complimented Niche?
I noticed on the "most complimented" frags list there are not many Niche scents other than Creed's towards the top. So what say you what are your most complimented Niche frags by the general public? Looking to try some samples that also double as people pleasers for work place/date?
Milleisime Imperial
Black Tea by Murdock
Opus 1870.
Endymion by Penhaligons
Sorry to be boring, but Aventus.
Invasion Barbare
Invasion Barbare
Green Irish Tweed.
Current top 10 (No order):
1. Pure Havane
2. Menthe Fraiche
3. Tobacco Vanille
4. L'Air Du Desert Marocain
5. Green Irish Tweed
6. Fahrenheit
7. Musc Ravageur
8. Tonka Imperial
9. Gucci Pour Homme II
10. Dior Homme Intense
Seasonal favorites:
1. Xerjoff - Nio
2. Creed - Aventus
3. Tom Ford - Grey Vetiver
4. The Different Company - De Bachmakov
5. Dior - Homme Sport 2008
6. Montale - Aoud Legacy
7. Creed - Virgin Island Water
8. by Kilian - Straight to Heaven
9. Creed - Original Cologne
10. Clive Christian - 1872 for Men
Les Nuits d'Hadrien
Aventus by Creed.
Aventus is supposed to get compliments (though I never get any, nor do I care really)
Tobacco Vanille is pretty popular with both men and women
Last edited by OctaVariuM; 14th October 2012 at 03:22 PM.
Tobacco Vanilla , Sweet Oriental Dream, Blue Amber, Fleurs d'Oranger, Absolu pour le Soir
... And do me a favor - don't disturb my friend. He's dead tired.
Welcome to the Bwahahaha! era...
Hard to day. Maybe Montale Oud Pur Oriental
Epic Man, by Amouage. Ironically, it's my least favorite niche, but people love it!
My Top 5!!!
1. 1740: Marquis de Sade, Histoires de Parfums
2. Sweet Redemption, by Kilian
3. Tirrenico, Profumi del Forte
4. Je Suis un Homme, Etat Libre d'Orange
5. Derby, Guerlain
"Coincidence is God's way of winking." --Me
"It's alright to flirt with the idea of giving up, so long as you don't." --Me
Lumiere noire
Green Irish Tweed & Black Aoud
In no particular order:
Acqua di Parma Colonia / Essenza
Millesime Imperial
I keep repping Creed because to my nose and to those around me it satisfies every single time. Aventus and MI are definite compliment getters.
probably Tobacco Vanille...that's about it. Niche ain't good at getting compliments.
My sales thread
I rarely get compliments, but the last time I remember getting one was when I wore Green Irish Tweed.
would add New Haarlem to the ones mentioned.
Just last week I had a woman at the hotel where I was staying heap praise on my Green Irish Tweed. However, I would have to say Aventus is the top attention getter that I own. I look forward to seeing if Musc Ravageur is as popular once I get off my lazy butt and purchase a bottle.
I don't get too many compliments with Niche fragrances. Then again, I only own decants of MI, OS, and NY Oud. I believe OS was the only one that turned heads.
Not exactly compliments, but Creed's Aventus and Silver Mountain Water get noticed when I wear them.
Aventus. I should wear Windsor more often
New York by PdN
Current Top Favorites:
1) Portrait of a Lady original formula (EdP Frédéric Malle)
2) Giorgio for Men vintage/V.I.P. for Men (Giorgio Beverly Hills)
3) Dia Man vintage edt (Amouage)
4) Anat Fritz Original Formula and Classical (Anat Fritz) - tie
4) Lalfeorosa (O'driù) - tie
6) Les Nombres d'Or Vetyver (Mona di Orio)
7) Captain vintage (Molyneux)
8) Tzora (Anat Fritz)
9) Javanese Patchouli (Zegna) - tie
9) Monsieur de Givenchy vintage (Givenchy) - tie
9) Coeur de Vetiver Sacré (L'Artisan) - tie
9) X for Men (Clive Christian) - tie
9) Patou pour Homme Privé (Jean Patou) - tie
9) Oud Shamash (The Different Company) - tie
Creed windsor
Right now I think that I have all the fragrances that I want.
Royal Oud
24 Platinum
"I am a robot and I like cheese"
Top 5:
1. Axe Kilo
2. Lectric Shave
3. Vicks Vapor Rub
4. Febreze Pour Homme
5. Preferred Stock
Frapin 1270.
The sense of smell, like a faithful counsellor, foretells its character.
Rose 31
To my surprise, Original Vetiver. I assume it's a hit with women who like clean frags.
Tuscan Leather has garnered compliments also.
Mine at the moment is Nuit Etoilee from Annick Goutal and/or Amber Sultan
It was a calculated risk. Unfortunately, I'm bad at math.
This category isn't that difficult. At least in my experience you can usually tell by the notes (not the note listing, but the notes you pick up with your own nose when sampling/testing) whether a niche fragrance is likely to get compliments. The key factor is to make sure it's not too abstruse or demanding. For example Montale fragrances probably don't have much of a reputation for drawing compliments, but much of this is perhaps down to the Montale scents which are popular. Namely the Aouds and exotic scents with a lot of depth.
Something like Sandflowers though is more than apt at drawing compliments.
Generally I find fresh-spicey, aquatic, citrus and green fragrances, vanillas, and the right sort of gourmands which still boast decent projection and longevity, assuming they work with your skin, draw the most compliments particularly when they're using headspace notes as these are very easy to appreciate. Darker fragrances are often less approachable, and many notes that appeal to fragrance lovers are polarizing in the extreme. Authentic notes of Oud, Tuberose, Rose, Immortelle, and Darker Vetivers for example will normally receive mixed responses. Animalics can have the same effect.
+100 on Aventus.
It has brought on more compliments than probably all my frags combined. No joke!!
1. Dior Homme Intense
2. Creed Aventus
3. Tom Ford Extreme
4. Gucci Pour Homme II
5. Terre d'Hermes
Just check the "Most Complimented" sticky thread. There was an awesome Basenoter who was nice enough to compile all the fragrances into a spreadsheet of most complimented. If you look through the list, you can pick the niche ones from the designer ones.
Santal Noble (Maitre Parfumeur et Gantier)
Actually, here you go, I think this was it:
musc ravaguer
1. Dior Homme Original
2. Musc Ravaguer
3. Portrait of a Lady
4. Noir de Noir
5. L Instant Guerlain pour Homme Extreme
6. New Haarlem
7. Pure Coffee
8. Blu Mediterraneo Sicilian Almond
9. Rose 31
10. Spiritueuse Double Vanille
I get so many compliments wearing Straight to Heaven and Musc Ravageur
For me it's Aventus and Tobacco Vanille
My current top ten:
1. Spice and Wood
2. Tonka Imperiale
3. Dior Homme
4. Pure Malt
5. Oud Wood
6. Ambre Nuit
7. L'air Du Desert Marocain
8. Noir de Noir
9. Apple Brandy
10.Straight to Heaven
Shams by Memo, Interlude man Amouage
sailing the Oceans of Boredom...
Original Santal.
Strangely it is my Red Aoud by Montale
MFK Lumiere Noir by a long way, next nearest would be ELDO Noel au Balcon (if ELDO counts as niche)
Tom Ford Black Orchid
Acqua di Parma Colonia
Creed Baie de Genievre
Serge Lutens Ambre Sultan
Serge Lutens Rahat Loukoum
Serge Lutens Douce Amere
Parfum d'Empire Aziyade
MFK Lumiere Noire
Etat Libre d'Orange Noel au Balcon
Etat Libre d'Orange Delicious Closet Queen
Guerlain Habit Rouge
There ain't no devil - that's just god when he's drunk
Aventus and Bleecker Street. Bleecker Street is the only time I was complimented on the street by a total stranger. I've never had THAT happen before - or since. But I own scents that only cost a fraction of those which get much more enthusiastic compliments. Especially from a date.
Anybody have a sample of Martin Margiela Untitled or Untitled L'Eau? I'm dying to smell these and I've got lots of great niche samples to swap!
"Follow your nose. It always knows." -- Toucan Sam
My most-complimented niche is also my most-complimented scent, period: Straight to Heaven. One of my coworkers in the art department at our ad agency absolutely loves it. In fact, I came into work wearing Encre Noire today and she told me to go back to Straight to Heaven next time I come in.
Interestingly enough, I also own and love PdN New York, but I have only gotten one compliment on it ever since I bought it.
"It always seems impossible until it's done." -Nelson Mandela
My mission statement: "I am not afraid to keep on living - I am not afraid to walk this world alone."
Another vote for Chergui.
"No elegance is possible without it...perfume is a part of you." Gabrielle "Coco" Chanel
New Haarlem for me.
Guerlain Heritage if that's considered a niche frag.


text:
Second Quarter 2007 • Vol. 11 • No. 2
CSA Sentinel
CSA Sentinel – CSA Center membership required for access.
Welcome to CSA Sentinel, The IIA's quarterly publication for control-self assessment (CSA) professionals. As a benefit of membership in The IIA's CSA Center, this newsletter features articles on the latest thinking in CSA and risk, practical "how-to" advice, research, and news with the latest development updates.
In This Issue
Maximize Your Internal Audit Function
Improving Internal and External Audit Coordination
Enhancing the Bottom Line: Moving From Risk to Compliance
Q&A With Dave Harmon
According to Mike
Quick Tips: Four Tips to Help Develop a Successful and Sustainable CSA Program
Center News
All contents of this Web site, except where expressly stated, are the copyrighted property of the Institute of Internal Auditors Inc.
Maximize Your Internal Audit Function
Optimize your ability to meet organizational objectives by aligning your internal audit goals with your strategic goals.
External Evaluation
Internal audit focuses all resources on conducting operational, financial, and compliance audits.
Provides a completely independent and objective assessment and opinion using externally-generated samples and testing plans.
Completed quickly. An external organization can focus on the IAQA.
An external organization provides fresh best practices and a range of staff experience.
More expensive. The range varies depending upon the size, number of audits, and complexity of the internal audit department. However, the opportunity cost of having staff available also must be considered.
The external validation delivers best practices, but the ground level training and experience for staff is reduced.
Self-assessment With External Validator
Develops a self-assessment program that evolves into a part of the organizational fabric and culture.
Reduces the cost of an IAQA by completing the self-assessment in house.
Provides a training exercise.Builds a team effort and culture with the internal audit department.
|May reduce the potential for fresh best practices to increase effectiveness and efficiency.
Potential difficulties exist for the leader and staff of the internal self-assessment team to deliver recommendations for improvement to their own department.
Redirect resources (e.g., people and time) from operational, compliance, and financial audits.
More time to complete as staff has multiple simultaneous tasks to complete.
Internal audit functions may be structured and staffed in different configurations depending upon the size of the company and the industry. However, there are several common problems shared by many internal audit departments that may be found by a self-assessment:
The cause of poor timeliness may be difficult to ascertain, especially in complex audits. The causes are generally scope creep, inability to receive test data, or poor planning. The impact on strategic goals is that management may not be receiving up-to-date assessments on the processes and controls over operational and financial data to use in decision making. For example, if management is not aware of misclassification of loans in a financial organization trial balance, how will it decide on the loan pricing and regulatory capital strategies between commercial and residential loans?
Quick Fix: Try assigning a single individual, possibly an administrative assistant, to track the stages of the audit in order to monitor progress and understand where any bottlenecks or delays are occurring. For example, if an organization expects the fieldwork phase to last for two weeks, but it continues for three, management can target the steps taken in fieldwork to the cause for delay, such as avoiding scope creep or delays in the receipt of data. If it becomes obvious during the audit that the next deadline will not be met, disclosure of the cause and actions to remediate the delay should be documented. The results of the tracking efforts should be discussed in periodic staff meetings so that no project is left unmonitored for a long period of time. In addition, rewarding employees for timely audits and documentation of known delays in ongoing audits may encourage quicker turnaround times.
Qualified Staff
The absence of sufficient qualified staff is created partially by the nature of internal audit. Internal auditors often are expected to perform audits on multiple lines of business with diverse technologies, products, geography, and control infrastructures. The ability to be experienced and trained in every area is naturally limited. The impact on strategic goals is that audit risk may be increased and information back to management may not be focused and accurate.
Quick Fix: Use outside experts in audits as necessary. These experts can be external service providers, independent contractors, or an independent, internal resource loaned to the internal audit department for a specific project. This may mean using one person who is, for example, an "ABC software" expert in all audits where this technology is used. Coupling inexperienced staff with subject matter experts can expedite the training process so that dependence upon outsiders is reduced over time. This is similar to apprenticeships, which are useful as long as the requirements of independence are met.
Absence of Risk Assessment
The assessment of risks associated with a process should be a part of the initial audit planning stage. In order to be efficient and effective, internal auditors not only want to ensure that all high-risk areas are audited but also that higher risk areas are assessed first as the consequence of a control failure is inherently higher than for lower risk areas. It is often perceived as a monumental project to identify each individual risk affecting the company and debating the relative priority of each risk. This project is further complicated by the dynamic nature of corporate businesses, which often render an initial risk assessment obsolete by the time the audit team arrives.
Quick Fix: Initial risk assessments can be made general in nature. A general high-level risk assessment of each department can be achieved via a questionnaire or meeting with departmental personnel. Once this initial risk assessment has been completed, the more in-depth risk assessment can occur during the planning stage of a particular audit. In addition, it can be helpful, and in some cases required, to obtain advice from subject matter experts. The focus of the audit should always include the highest risk areas at a minimum.
The purpose of an internal audit function is to act as a tool to make sure that an organization is as effective and efficient as possible. The internal audit standards shape an independent, efficient, and therefore effective, audit function. The purpose of a self-assessment will assist the internal audit function in operating as anticipated by management and make sure that the department risk assessment, scope development, and reporting are aligned with overall organizational strategies.
Many internal auditors already know that control self-assessment (CSA) can be an exceptionally useful tool for their organizations. However, what is less known is how external auditors can use CSA to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of a financial statement audit. A control self-assessment survey — conducted by the authors — of organizations and their external auditors revealed a low level of CSA usage by external auditors and a low level of communication between internal and external auditors. The survey also found several basic misconceptions on the part of internal and external auditors, and other organizational personnel that likely are contributing to low CSA usage. (For survey information and findings, see the sidebar "About the CSA Survey.") Because of CSA's value, organizations and their internal auditors should work to promote the use of CSA by their external auditors.
The internal audit profession has always had significant responsibilities over internal controls, which is demonstrated by its definition. In addition to their traditional control responsibilities, internal auditors are increasingly being called upon to assist management — by serving as its eyes and ears — in fulfilling its obligations under the U.S. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, particularly for Sections 302 and 404. The IIA's Professional Practices Framework also advocates that internal auditors be involved in both a consulting and assurance capacity.
As a result of the Sarbanes-Oxley requirements, the internal audit profession must evaluate both hard and soft controls under the guidelines of The Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission's (COSO's) Internal Control–Integrated Framework. Hard controls (e.g., credit approval indicated on an invoice) can be effectively evaluated by traditional auditing tests. However, soft controls (e.g., management's ethics and integrity) are vaguer and traditional audit tests are far less effective in evaluating them. The internal audit profession has been a leader in searching for new audit tools to more effectively evaluate soft controls and CSA has emerged as an effective tool in this area, but according to the survey, organizations are not using CSA in the most audit relevant areas. Only 14 percent of the 73 organizations using CSA used the tool to evaluate controls that promoted the reliability of the organization's independently audited financial statements. This use of CSA would be most directly relevant to independent financial statement audits. Yet, few organizations employed CSA in this manner.
CSA is used to evaluate organizational processes and controls, and can be helpful in improving the effectiveness of internal and external auditing. However, of the organizations surveyed, although most had CSA data available, organizations were not communicating with external auditors about their use of CSA. The organizations were not asking their external auditors to use the existing CSA data and few external auditors were making CSA-related requests of the organizations. Of the 67 respondents using CSA and also receiving an independent audit, none indicated that management requested that CSA be used by their auditor. In addition, according to the survey, no auditor asked their organization to implement new CSA activities that were relevant to the external audit. Only 14 organizations indicated that their auditors requested evidence that had been created via existing CSA activities.
The internal and external audit functions are two critical components of organizational governance systems and the International Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing recognizes that the two audit functions should be effectively coordinated. After Sarbanes-Oxley was passed, internal control responsibilities increased for internal and external auditors, which represents an area where tremendous value can be achieved through proper coordination. Internal auditors have been leaders in the effective use of CSA in control evaluations.
External auditors also have enhanced control responsibilities under Sarbanes-Oxley. In addition to their long-standing responsibility to evaluate an organization's control system as part of a financial statement audit, Section 404 requires that the external auditors attest to the fairness of management assertions contained in their internal control report. In essence, external auditors are now required to audit the organization's system of internal control over financial reporting while also auditing the financial statements. This additional attestation on internal control necessitates a level of control understanding and testing that far exceeds what formerly was necessary to support an opinion on the financial statements. Using CSA can contribute to the effective attainment of these comprehensive audit responsibilities. But the survey results show that a significant number of individuals at organizations possessed negative sentiments about external auditors being involved in their CSA activities even though most organizations had no direct experience with such involvement. A majority of organizations did not believe that external auditor involvement in CSA activities would improve their CSA initiatives, and a significant minority (ranging from 19 to 45 percent, depending on the question asked) thought that external auditor involvement would actually hurt their CSA processes.
Performance Standard 2050: Coordination and its related practice advisories place a professional responsibility on internal auditors to effectively coordinate internal and external auditor control activities. Since the advent of Sarbanes-Oxley, this professional responsibility has taken on increased importance because the enhanced involvement of external auditors in the control arena has a direct bearing on the quantity and quality of the control information made available to top management and the board as they attempt to govern their organizations and fulfill their statutory responsibilities under Sarbanes-Oxley.
To fulfill their responsibilities under Standard 2050, internal auditors should determine whether external auditors are using CSA to evaluate the many soft controls that are a critical component of any internal control system under COSO's Internal Control–Integrated Framework. Soft controls are too important to ignore and the appropriate tools must be used to evaluate them.
Because of the potential value of CSA, organizations and their internal auditors should work together to effectively integrate CSA into the external audit process. The survey of IIA Control Self-assessment Center members revealed that organizations were not using CSA in areas most relevant to external auditors, that organizations and auditors were not communicating with each other about the use of CSA, and that a significant proportion of employees appeared to hold negative sentiments about the value of external auditor participation in their organization's CSA activities.
Internal auditors should do all that they can to promote CSA. If organizations implement such measures, the likely result would be enhanced coordination between the internal and external auditing functions, more effective and efficient independent financial statement audits, enhanced compliance with regulatory requirements, and more constructive internal control recommendations from external auditors.
The latest publications (Dec. 2006 and Apr. 2007) by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on implementing a risk-based approach to compliance are receiving a lot of attention in the audit world. This is understandable because implementing a risk-based approach is an important driver in reducing audit and compliance costs. In addition, this type of approach ties business performance back into compliance as companies are now asked to focus even more on risks and controls. But can existing compliance investments be leveraged successfully to implement this risk-based approach?
According to a recent KPMG study published in The Netherlands, Return on Compliance: Utopia or Reality, the answer is yes. The study shows that there is a positive relationship between clean Sarbanes-Oxley filings (i.e., filings without significant deficiencies or material weaknesses) and the development of a company's market capitalization. The research showed a 28-percent rise in market capitalization for clean publicly-listed companies compared to the average of 18 percent for typical publicly-listed companies. This example illustrates that investments in proper compliance with Sarbanes-Oxley clearly do pay off, but this isn't the only benefit. Having a risk-based approach to compliance can also significantly improve the bottom line by enhancing related business performance. The risk-based approach can also help a company identify the really important controls — those that would seriously impact the company's financial performance if they failed. That is what Sarbanes-Oxley was all about — protecting companies and their shareholders from serious downfall.
To comply with Section 404 of Sarbanes-Oxley, publicly listed companies must identify their key controls and prove their design and operating effectiveness to make sure that the controls are properly designed. Simply put, the failing of even one of those key controls would potentially invoke a misstatement or restatement of that company's financial statements.
Testing a key control, including the collection of electronic evidence costs, takes several hours per control for most companies. Therefore, US $500 per tested control is an average reported estimate by The Big Four accounting firms. Reduction of the number of key controls to be tested means less testing, which results in less spending.
In addition, if Section 404 of Sarbanes-Oxley is not the only compliance regulation a control is related to, the monitoring of key controls becomes even more complicated. In some instances, publicly traded companies must comply with multiple regulations (e.g., privacy, product liability, employee safety and health, environmental regulations, anti-money laundering) that often overlap related controls. Typically, different departments conduct assessments with their business colleagues in a highly inefficient and ineffective manner by sending out numerous testing sheets, questionnaires, surveys, and assessments on topics like business continuity, business principles and ethics, information technology (IT) security, and regulatory issues including Sarbanes-Oxley. The value of integrating these frameworks into one common risk framework is enormous. The goal should be to assess once and use many times for all different regulations. A control that relates to Sarbanes-Oxley, as well as to the U.S. Patriot Act and Basel II, will now only be documented and tested once. In the traditional silo approach, the control would have been documented three times in three different systems and tested separately. Front-running companies have already demonstrated the obvious benefit from integrated frameworks.
Besides the convergence of controls, other measures — like implementing automated controls — can be taken to reduce compliance costs. Testing a manual key control requires more effort than testing an automated control. One primary reason is that auditors require larger sample sizes for a manual control. An automated control performs better than a manual control, provided the related IT processes are properly managed. Automated controls are also more economical given the streamlined approach and resulting improved performance. However, despite these benefits, a survey of BWise's client shows that somewhere between 50 and 80 percent of all current controls are manual, with a larger percentage of automated key controls found in highly automated industries like financial services and technology companies.
Increasing the number of automated controls can be beneficial as long as the investment in the automation does not surpass the benefit of less testing and higher reliability. The key to optimizing costs is the standardization of related processes, which is driven by the implementation of a risk-based approach across the organization.
Although some companies have made important first strides by documenting their controls using a risk-based approach, many have not yet taken real advantage of this approach. In figures 1 and 2, a methodology is presented on how to actually implement such an approach. Figure 1 is an example of a simplified risk framework where controls are mitigating certain risks in a particular process. Figure 2 represents an elaborate risk framework where the relations are built between significant accounts, control objectives, processes, risks, and controls within entities and divisions. In reality, however, the risk framework will be even more complex and will include IT systems and entity-level controls.
Even if a company's existing documentation is not constructed like the frameworks shown, it will likely be relatively simple to insert the lacking information. For example, risks or control objectives are added to the company's existing model. It is important that the risks are identified at a sufficiently high level and not as a negative formulation of the control. In order to truly implement a risk-based approach, risks need to be identified as business risks. For example, a risk identified as "segregation of duties is not implemented" is hardly adding value to a control being identified as "segregation of duties." The risk should preferably be formulated as a business risk, or at least as a risk that is applicable to business processes. The same can be said about the relationship between a risk and a control objective. A control objective is not the opposite of a risk. A control objective is something an organization wants to achieve whereas a risk is something threatening that objective.
In addition, if the existing compliance documentation lacks the business risk component, risk templates are available that allow companies to quickly enrich their existing documentation and proceed from there.
The risk-based approach can be implemented in various ways. Risk-based scenario analysis is probably the most elaborate and sophisticated methodology, but this approach requires a mature sense of risk in the company. Only the most seasoned companies can adopt this approach because it asks for a significant amount of high-quality data. Mature governance, risk, and compliance platforms offer this capability for most companies as a potential growth model.
However, compliance and enterprise risk management software is available that allows businesses to run a risk assessment based on the information a company already has. Loading the existing compliance documentation into a sufficiently comprehensive risk-based compliance solution will allow running a risk assessment without any additional investments. Prior investments — often running into millions of dollars in compliance documentation — can now pay dividends.
Business managers often are asked to assess the impact and likelihood of risks that could occur. And although there are various types of risk assessments, there are more ways to conduct a risk assessment, ranging from high-level enterprise risks to low-level process risks to assessing inherent risk, residual risk, or both.
This initial risk assessment also will immediately show whether the identified business risks make business sense. Business managers should be able to provide answers regarding the potential impact and likelihood as well as:
Several types of risk assessments are used around the world. Following are a few of the more common examples, including their application and benefits for the implementation of a risk-based approach.
Inherent Risk Assessment (Gross Risks)
The inherent risk assessment analyzes the impact and likelihood — or frequency and severity — of risks identified as if there were no controls. In practice, this is often a challenging task for non-experts because it is hard to imagine the controls not in place. However, if the inherent risks are known, they are a strong indicator of where to put in the effort. The inherent risk assessment also states what the specific risk is — in case the control fails (i.e., the control is not effective). Therefore, if the inherent risk impact or severity is higher than a certain threshold (i.e., the materiality level), the underlying controls should be in scope. In other words, the inherent risk assessment is a good tool to use to implement a risk-based approach to compliance but might require risk training for the people conducting the risk assessment.
Residual Risk Assessment (Net Risks)
The residual risk assessment analyzes the risk with the controls in place, including the anticipated effectiveness of the related controls. This is not a control test as is required for Sarbanes-Oxley, but rather a limited assessment of the relevance of that control. These types of assessments are easier to conduct, and not surprisingly, are the ones most commonly used. This is because staff is asked to assess the exact situation they know, as opposed to a virtual situation they can only envision, as is the case in an inherent risk assessment. From a residual risk assessment, experts may conclude which risks are most vital, and therefore, which controls are relevant. This analysis is less thorough than the inherent risk assessment and the most value can be derived if risks are assessed at both an inherent and residual risk level as this combines all relevant information.
Scenario Analysis With Expected and Extreme Value
An assessment type often applied at the enterprise level is a scenario analysis where expected values for impact and likelihood are asked together with extreme values, like a worst and best case. These values can be used to determine which risks are truly relevant, which opportunities should be explored, and which controls should play a vital role.
Quantitative Versus Qualitative Risk Assessments
An important part in every risk assessment discussion is the question of whether quantitative or qualitative answers should be given. Obviously, the quantitative answers are the preference, provided the answers would be correct. The reality is that it is often extremely hard to give a well-augmented quantitative answer. Therefore, many organizations conduct qualitative assessments and translate this back into more quantitative answers in a validation round based on the input of many individuals.
Although there are many ways to implement a risk-based approach for compliance, the first step toward significantly reducing the number of controls and compliance costs in any company is choosing the risk assessment that is most appropriate. For all variants of using risk assessments to implement a risk-based approach to compliance, it is vital to consider the following points:
And above all else, make sure that besides the appropriate governance, risk, and compliance solution (GRC) platform, the appropriate methodology is used.
One control self-assessment (CSA) approach would be a program directed toward management effectiveness. Many assessment activities are predicated on the assumption that management is basically good and that processes, resources, or staff are the things that require attention. While to a limited degree, management effectiveness is considered as part of the control environment assessment in most CSA applications, it is not the central focus of the CSA. But most feedback is too general to take the necessary specific action unless there is a major systematic issue.
A rigorous self-assessment program dealing with management effectiveness would have several benefits. First, it would enhance the control environment by clearly establishing standards, as well as a measurement process for management effectiveness, both in terms of the process itself and the perception. Second, management setting an example would send a clear message to staff members that the organization is serious about control improvement.
The first year would be the most difficult, but at the same time, it would present the greatest opportunity for building credibility. If this is an absolutely new process, you can be assured that while there will be room for improvement across the board, a few glaring management problems may require immediate attention. The important thing is to have appropriate measured response. Individual managers and their supervisors are well equipped to deal with most issues reported (e.g., communications, performance evaluations, perceived equity issues, transparency of processes). However, if there is clear dysfunction in the group, it may require human resources to become directly involved. As with other CSA results, if a significant issue is reported, some action — whether it be training, reassignment, or termination — must result.
I have personally seen such a program implemented and it made a huge difference. Although the system won't guarantee that every manager is perfect, it does have the capability to improve overall management. In the program I saw implemented, there was flexibility for dealing with good performers that were not management material and a few underperformers were removed altogether. Some may view this as a stretch for CSA, but I honestly disagree. Management is as key a control as any other, and it makes perfect sense to have CSA assess it.
Have a question about CSA you'd like to ask Dave? E-mail your question to the editor. It could be answered in a future issue of CSA Sentinel.
On a recent rainy day, I found myself reading a shareholder information package for stock I own in a U.S. company. It was two inches thick and double-sided. But don't worry. This is not going to be an article about how unruly annual reports have become since the Enron days. What caught my eye was a statement regarding how this company's audit committee performs a self-assessment each year.
I was pleasantly surprised to read in a disclosure document that members of an audit committee are actually conducting self-assessments. However, I was shocked when I discovered the audit committee was the only part of the board to conduct these assessments. Neither the entire board nor any other committee — governance, nominating, compensation — disclosed any type of self-assessment. Why would only one quarter of the board be conducting a self assessment? Was this a business standard or an anomaly? This really piqued my interest in what other organizations are doing, so I decided to do some research. And while this research was in no way a statistically valid endeavor, I did learn some interesting facts about self-assessments in today's companies.
My research began by visiting The IIA's Global Audit Information Network (GAIN) site. This site offers information and results from surveys sent to thousands of members on a wide variety of topics, including internal audit processes, corporate governance, the U.S. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and enterprise risk management, to name a few. For the research at hand, I found a survey conducted in 2004 that specifically addressed self-assessments being performed by the board and its committees.
Out of the online survey invitations sent out in 2004, 19 percent of the respondents stated that their board performed a formal written self-assessment with rankings. Another 8 percent had a formal written program but without rankings, and 7 percent said it was only based on discussion. Finally, 15 percent of respondents were developing a program and 32 percent did not have one. The remaining 18 percent weren't sure about their organization's self-assessment programs.
It would be interesting to see how those statistics have changed in three years, but I'm more interested in what is taking place in the more formal assessments today and, most importantly, the results. Thanks to the internet, by typing "board of directors self-assessment" into a search engine, I was presented with a plethora of corporate, private, government, and nonprofit sites stating that a board self-assessment is performed. I was particularly interested in three organizations and how they handle self-assessments.
IT service provider CGI Group impressed me not only by its detailed disclosure, but also by how much thought went into making the self-assessment a thorough examination. The self-assessment program was referred to 13 times in regards to how it evaluates various responsibilities, procedures, policies, and committees of the board. The following is an excerpt from the corporate governance committee's report:
"The corporate governance committee, chaired by the lead director, conducts an annual self-assessment of the effectiveness of the board as a whole, of the standing committees of the board, and of the contribution's of individual directors. It is also responsible for establishing the competencies, skills, and personal qualities it seeks in new board members with a view to adding value to the company, and directors are assessed against the contribution they are expected to make. This assessment is based on annual questionnaires to which directors respond.
"The board of directors reviews the assessment of its performance and the recommendations provided by the corporate governance committee annually with the objective of increasing the board's effectiveness in carrying out its responsibilities. The board takes appropriate action based on the results of the review process."
Here is an organization that has assigned a lead director the responsibility of overseeing an annual board and committeewide self-assessment. Moreover, it is a thorough examination that leads to proactive action so that the board, its committees, and members are constantly striving to implement better procedures and processes for continuing good corporate governance.
Another organization that caught my attention was the Luxembourg-based steel manufacturer, Arcelor. The following excerpt is from their corporate governance Web site.
"The self-assessment questionnaire covered seven principal themes:
"Based on answers provided and observations made by board members, decisions were taken to make further improvements to the operating procedures of the board and its committees. It was also decided to increase the number of ordinary board meetings per year from six to seven."
Arcelor's board approved this self-assessment in 2004 and implemented it for the first time in 2005. What was of particular interest to me was that through the self-assessment, the board actually found areas where it could improve itself and its committees. To me, this was a vindication that self-assessment at any level of the organization can be a powerful tool in helping to improve operations and processes.
The third organization that interested me was Kingdom Oil, a not-for-profit religious organization. Kingdom Oil actually publishes a copy of their annual board self-assessment on their Web site. Although a small not-for-profit organization, it is interesting that many of the 12 questions the board members have to respond to can be applicable to any other organization — large or small, public or private, for profit or not.
Considering the way these three organizations handle self-assessments, there is really no excuse why any organization's board should not conduct an annual self-assessment.
Through my impromptu research on self-assessments in today's organizations, I learned many interesting things. Primarily, and most importantly, I learned that many organizations' boards are performing self-assessments. This is great news for auditors and stakeholders alike. Based on this discovery, I drew the following conclusions:
The Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission's (COSO's) Internal Control — Integrated Framework is the foundation for all other components of the internal control framework and includes factors such as culture, integrity, ethical values, and management philosophy. Because each organization is unique, it is imperative to carefully consider the ethical and cultural environment of the organization when determining which control self-assessment (CSA) process to implement to achieve positive and lasting results. Additionally, auditors and CSA practitioners need to make sure they have a clear understanding of the objectives identified by operational management, audit and compliance, and all employees. Value must be derived from these three groups to help develop a successful and sustainable CSA program. Whether an organization identifies risk through internal control questionnaires or facilitated workshops, using these simple tips — combined with understanding the organization's objectives — will help create a successful CSA program.
Planning is essential for a successful CSA. Prior to implementing anything, do your homework to determine the right CSA approach for the organization. CSA can be an excellent tool for identifying and reducing organizational risks, but because questionnaires and workshops are beneficial in different ways, networking with other audit professionals can help auditors determine the best approach to implement in a particular organization.
Internal Control Questionnaires
The advantage of using internal control questionnaires is the ability to reach a broader audience in less time. A questionnaire could reach each employee in an organization at every location with little effort. However, each questionnaire is only as good as the questions being asked and this process does not allow respondents to add detailed information pertinent to the topic. When planning to use questionnaires, keep these things in mind:
Facilitated Workshops
Facilitated workshops are advantageous because participants buy into the process and identify their own risks. The process of analyzing and prioritizing these risks lies with the people affected by the risks. In addition, conversation between participants in a workshop can be expanded upon and action steps to reduce risks can be discussed. However, facilitated workshops are time- and labor-intensive, so it would take considerable time to complete workshops in every department of most organizations. When planning workshops, remember that:
Regardless of which approach is used, an important — and often overlooked — element of the planning phase is explaining the CSA process to management and establishing expectations regarding the benefits that can be derived from it. This will help generate support before questionnaires are distributed or workshops are held.
In a CSA process, planning and preparedness go hand in hand. CSA practitioners employ different methods to prepare for internal control questionnaires and facilitated workshops. No matter the approach, time should always be factored in to adequately prepare for the assessment. Here are some things to keep in mind during preparation:
After the questionnaires have been returned and evaluated or after a workshop has ended, many CSA practitioners forget or take too long to share the results with participants. After the CSA process is complete:
CSA is not just a tool to help organizations achieve their objectives. It provides an avenue for auditors and practitioners to hone their process and become even more experienced. By keeping the following final things in mind, practitioners will be able to create a successful CSA program:
Mark your calendar for The IIA's 2007 Risk and Control Conference, Aug. 20–22, in San Diego, Calif. The conference will offer an array of tools and knowledge to help auditors improve their organization's risk management and control processes.
Conference topics include governance, risk, and compliance issues and attendees will be able to choose from the following five tracks:
Keynote speakers include Roderick M. Winters, CIA, CPA of Microsoft Corporation, who heads an internal audit group that is widely viewed as an innovative audit organization and a leader in leveraging technology and employee empowerment; Odell Guyton, director of compliance at Microsoft Corporation; and Gerald D. Cox, CIA, of South West Audit Partners, The IIA's incoming chairman of the board, who has more than 25 years of internal audit experience.
Attendees will also have numerous networking opportunities to share ideas, best practices, and discuss the current challenges facing their organizations.
To obtain additional information and to register, visit The IIA's Web site or contact customer service at +1-407-937-1111.
To help internal auditors and chief audit executives understand the benefits and challenges of information technology (IT) outsourcing, The IIA recently published its new Global Technology Audit Guide (GTAG) on IT Outsourcing. Key issues addressed in this guide include: choosing the right IT outsourcing vendor; the best ways to manage outsourcing contract agreements; how to mitigate outsourcing risks; and the most effective framework for establishing outsourcing controls. To download a free copy, visit The IIA's GTAG Web page.
Adding Value Using Risk-based Auditing
COSO "III" — Applications and Emerging Practices Workshop
Enterprise Risk Management: What's New? What's Next?
Evaluating Internal Controls: A COSO-based Approach
Facilitating Results Using CSA
Introduction to Control Self-assessment
SOX Primer: Charting Your Course
Value-added Business Controls: The Right Way to Manage Risk
Adding Value Using Risk-based Auditing
Evaluating Internal Controls: A COSO-based Approach
Sarbanes-Oxley Act: Assessing IT Controls
Value-added Business Controls: The Right Way to Manage Risk
Corporate Governance: Strategies for Internal Audit
COSO "III" — Applications and Emerging Practices Workshop
Enterprise Risk Management: What's New? What's Next?
Introduction to Control Self-assessment
Sarbanes-Oxley: Process Improvement Workshop
SOX Primer: Charting Your Course
Value-added Business Controls: The Right Way to Manage Risk
2007 Risk and Control Conference
Adding Value Using Risk-based Auditing
COSO "III" — Applications and Emerging Practices Workshop
Enterprise Risk Management: Process Improvement Workshop
Enterprise Risk Management: What's New? What's Next?
Evaluating Internal Controls: A COSO-based Approach
Facilitating Results Using CSA
Sarbanes-Oxley Act: Assessing IT Controls
To add your CSA course, seminar, conference, or event to the calendar, please forward all pertinent information to Editor Allison Cain via e-mail, email@example.com, or by fax, +1-407-830-4832.


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Whistler Blackcomb's dedicated learning centres and programs with the Whistler Kids Snow School, specially designed terrain gardens and family zones, an enchanted Tree Fort and Magic Castle ensure that any time is a good time for a "Family Certified" experience on Whistler Blackcomb.
Once the day's on-mountain adventures are done, the village is packed with family-friendly activities. Restaurants and bars like the GLC, Merlin's and Dusty's Bar & BBQ welcome kids until 8pm and give everyone a chance to enjoy après. And for those with energy to spare, skate circles around one another at the outdoor skating rink at Olympic Plaza, and experience the thrill of the Coca-Cola® Tube Park.
Save 25% during Discover Whistler Days
BC Family Day
Lift Ticket deal for Canadian kids in Grade 4 or 5
Family Certified Routes Download Wonder Routes PDF »
If you're three feet tall, the wonder of Whistler Blackcomb is supersized. Take you folks on a tour of the kid-only secret places, where wonder lives large. After all, they were kids once, too.
Family Zone Download Whistler Kids Trail Map PDF »
Whistler Blackcomb's Family Zone on Whistler Mountain is the perfect place for families and beginners. Traffic flow is designed to move slower to provide a comfortable environment, while access to the terrain park and the Family Zone is separated, ensuring that everyone can head to their own favourite spots safely. Marked on the trail map in yellow, and with signage on the mountains, keep your eyes peeled for slow zones on Whistler and Blackcomb.
Magic Castle on Blackcomb and Tree Fort on Whistler
These are both great spots for families to check out while exploring the mountains. Take your skis or boards off and discover one or both of these great outdoor adventure play lands. The Magic Castle and Tree Fort are free and fun for all ages. More Information »
Nintendo Big Easy Terrain Garden
Designed for skiers and riders learning how to use park features, the Terrain Garden is the first stop in our park progression. 3,116 feet long, with a 574-foot vertical drop, it features smaller versions of rails, rollers and mini-hits and is groomed nightly. The Terrain Garden is located on Blackcomb.
The School Yard
The School Yard is a Family Certified zone and is a great place for our J4 and J5 kids to ski and ride and for kids in Whistler to have access to more terrain for skills & progression for terrain park riding! Check us out under the Emerald Chair on Whistler Mountain or visit us online for info on how to register for Whistler Kids programming »
NEW Kids Combos
Whistler Blackcomb offers a variety of healthy food options so your little ones get the high quality energy they need to make it from first to last chair. In all of the on-mountain restaurants, some 'regular' menu items have an option for a smaller Kid Size portions. With each Kids-Size main, grab 3 healthy snack items to make it a complete combo, for only $9.50 Or grab 3 healthy snack items alone to make it a snack combo, for only $5.50 (snack combo available for adults too!).
Family-Certified Restaurant, Chic Pea Hut on Whiskey Jack
Located in the Family Zone on Whistler Mountain at the bottom of Upper Whisky Jack, the Chic Pea cabin has a huge sun deck and serves world-renowned cinnamon buns. This is the perfect meeting spot for lunch, mid afternoon family snack, or hot chocolate.
Nintendo ® Gaming Lounges
Located on-mountain at Rendezvous Restaurant on Blackcomb, Roundhouse Lodge on Whistler, plus off mountain at the Wizard Grill at the Base of Blackcomb. The Nintendo Gaming Lounges are available to guests for free* during regular mountain operation hours, summer and winter, and features many of Nintendo's newest games. More Information »
*Guests must possess a valid lift ticket in order to access the Roundhouse Lodge and Rendezvous restaurants.
Nintendo ® Family Mountain Adventure
There is so much to explore at Whistler Blackcomb, grab your family and join us for the Family Mountain Adventure sponsored by Nintendo®, April 5. Ski or ride at your family's own pace as you travel around the mountains on our designated Family Certified Wonder Route or choose your own adventure as you visit multiple different stations with family activities, treats or games. More Information »
GMC Race Centre
The GMC Race Centre on Blackcomb Mountain provides the perfect opportunity for you to create memorable events in a breath-taking outdoor setting. Located on Blackcomb Mountain's Cougar Milk Run, the GMC Race Centre creates friendly competition for skiers and snowboarders of all abilities. Open mid December - April, group race start times available are 10am and 1pm daily. More Information »
Coca-Cola® Tube Park
Located in the Base II on Blackcomb Mountain, the Coca-Cola® Tube Park offers great fun for the whole family. The Tube Park has eight lanes varying in speeds from green to blue to black. In between runs, refuel with snacks and drinks or warm up at the open-air fire pit. Minimum height restriction is 36". Children under 12 must be accompanied by an adult. More Information »
Fire and Ice Show
Whistler Blackcomb turns up the heat on Sundays through the season with a free, exhilarating Fire and Ice Show. Who can resist fireworks and fire spinner – especially when snowflakes fill the air? The whole family can enjoy watching skiers and snowboarders jump through the dazzling Ring of Fire on Sundays at 6:30pm at the base of Whistler Village Gondola. More Information »
Whistler Kids Childcare and Daycare (18-48 months)
Whistler Blackcomb offers fully licensed childcare programs for children aged 18 to 48 months. All of our staff are trained in First Aid and love kids so your children will have a great time. We offer complimentary TELUS pagers so you can rest assured that everything is fine and enjoy your ski day with total piece of mind. This is a fun, stimulating, age appropriate environment in three convenient locations. Relax and share the spirit of the mountains with you. More Information »
Squamish Lil'wat Cultural Centre
The Squamish Lil'wat Cultural Centre is an authentic cultural activity for the whole family. It was created to celebrate the joint history of the Squamish and Lil'wat Nations. The art & exhibits on display showcase their histories, creative works and cultures. Performances, crafts and guided tours engage guests and create a memorable experience More Information »
Skating at Whistler Olympic Plaza
Whistler Olympic Plaza is the site where the best athletes in the world stepped up to the podium at Victory Ceremonies during the 2010 Winter Games. Free skating starts mid-December. $5 skate rentals and free helmets available. More Information »
The Core
Kids climbing the walls? Bring them to The Core. Choose a program, or just drop in. Guided programs, day camps, summer camps, climbing lessons, climb & dine & more! More Information »
➜ Indoor Trampoline Park at Bounce
➜ Cross Country Skiing & Snowshoeing
➜ Sleigh Rides
➜ Snowmobile Tours
➜ Village 8 Cinemas
➜ Whistler Public Library
➜ The Squamish Lil'wat Cultural Centre
Kids Ski Adventure Camps
A 5 Day Adventure Camp for Kids 3-12 years old is our best group lesson program for kids. It's absolutely jam packed with fun events and activities. Your children will get comfortable fast as they have the same instructor all week. The kids get to know other kids, the instructor really gets to know the kids and lasting friendships often blossom.
Daily Children Lessons
Our crew loves teaching kids and youths. It's not a stepping-stone to any other job; it's what they want to do. These are people who live to ski and ride in the mountains and who spread their enthusiasm naturally. Together they create a learning environment centered on care and a philosophy of creating the foundation for years of enjoyment in the mountains.
Whistler Kids Ski & snowboard Programs (3-12 years old)
Welcome to Whistler Kids where memories and learning are inspired through encouragement, accomplishment and friendship. Our Service Promise to you: every child will have a fun and memorable learning experience at Whistler Kids.
Youth Ski & Snowboard Programs 13 –18 years old)
This is no ordinary ski school, it's a culture. You ski and ride with pros who know the mountain inside out, top to bottom and bottom to top. The results prove that doing it differently is doing it better.
Whistler Adaptive Ski & Snowboard Program
The Whistler Adaptive Ski & Snowboard Program, works in partnership with the Whistler Adaptive Sports Program (WASP). This winter program caters to a full spectrum of skiers and snowboarders from beginner through advanced. Our trained and certified instructors, guides, and assistants will help those with both physical and cognitive disabilities access the slopes of Whistler Blackcomb.
Whistler Blackcomb's Ride Tribe
A ski and snowboarding school designed just for 13 to 18 year olds. Their teen pros provide an unforgettable and energizing mountain experience.
➜ Mountain Biking
➜ Meadow Park Sports Centre
➜ Indoor Rock Climbing - The Core
➜ Paintball
➜ Tennis
➜ Village 8 Cinema
➜ Skateboard Park
Secret trails, old man's beard and hidden lairs are all part of the pint-sized discovery in Whistler Blackcomb's Family Certified Zones. Enchantment lives in these deep dark woods and a hidden tree fort waits to be explored.


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Aimee Teegarden Gossip
Aimee Teegarden gossip, latest news, photos, and video.
Julie Taylor, is that you?
Jason Merrit/Getty Images, Brian To /WENN
I saw the name, but I thought it was mislabelled. I thought it was Leighton Meester. Or someone else... but I can't quite place the name. Anyway, it wasn't mislabelled. That is indeed Julie Taylor/Aimee Teegarden and it is tripping me out. They grow up so fast! Aimee was at the premiere of Call Me Crazy last night. Full Story
Julie Taylor for Queen
I love pilot season.So do lots of people, of course. It's like the draft pick for TV nerds. It's just so exciting when a show you've been hearing about gets picked up, or when you hear there's a chance that the star you love might be back on TV. And you can follow it as much or as little as you want, and still get something out of it. Full Story
Julie Taylor, FNL on DVD, and Prom
Friday Night Lights Season 5, the end forever, is out on DVD tomorrow. Now you have no excuse not to watch. All of it. Every episode from the beginning. Because why would you want to deny yourself one of the best shows of all time??? Here's Aimee Teegarden, our Julie Taylor, at the Kids' Choice Awards on Saturday in a cute romper with darker hair. Full Story
Clear Eyes, Full Hearts, Can't Lose
Written by Duana Season 5, Episode 13 (Lainey: I'm still sobbing. It's over. And before Duana offers her thoughts on the end of The Best, we will be devoting some time to it during the TV LiveBlog on Thursday. Join us for a group cry!) There are the days you dread, and this has rapidly become one of them. Full Story
Did you survive yours?
Written by Duana Season 5, Episode 5 This week's FNL is the most cohesive version of 'the new class' we've seen. They saw what they needed to do and gave us a group of boys ready and willing to bond, to see the greatness in what they've been given as a team. Full Story


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Comments about Princeton Tec Quad 4 Led Headlamp:
Had two of them and both started shutting off when bumped. I took apart one and found that the connection between the battery compartment and circuit board was just pressed together and had become loose over time. Since the on/off swith is digital any power interuption switches the light off. The LED should last over 15 years but the cheap plastic casing that holds them won't make a year!
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Get free Standard Shipping with your $50 purchase today! Just choose Standard Shipping during checkout.
Please note this offer is only available to physical shipping addresses in the 48 continental United States (no PO Boxes), and oversize charges still apply on some heavy/large items.


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Tag Archives: Holiday Campaign
Naughty or Nice: Is Your Holiday Marketing Campaign Performing?
The holiday shopping season is upon us. Hopefully you've made your marketing list and checked it twice. By November, most of you are already in full swing with your holiday marketing campaigns. But are you also reviewing your metrics and making adjustments? Let's talk about how to look at your results and make appropriate tweaks. Accurately measuring metrics and drawing the right conclusions can be the difference between a stocking full of coal and a sled full of profits this season.


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The Department of Dance and Performance Studies develops highly trained, creatively active and professionally oriented students with its unique curriculum. The program allows for individual attention from the faculty, who are all working professionals in the field. Courses are offered in technique (ballet, modern, jazz, tap, ethnic and social forms), choreography, history, pedagogy, movement analysis, kinesiology and performance techniques. Additionally, RWU has the only dance-based university program in the United States to provide training in movement theatre. Majors are expected to maintain a continuing level of technical and creative development and are evaluated each semester by the faculty.
Each year, the department welcomes to campus notable artists for teaching and choreographic residencies and performance collaborations. Artists have included Seán Curran, Doug Elkins, Heidi Latsky, Carl Fink, Molissa Fenley, Billy Siegenfeld, Margie Gills, Creach / Koester, Arthur Hall, Meredith Monk, Marty Beller, Emilie Plauché, Fred Curchack, Bill Evans, Daniel Stein, Laura Glenn, Gilles Obermayer, Claire Porter, Kate Weare, David Dorfman, Neta Pulvermarcher, Tiffany Mills and Janice Lancaster.
Students are also involved in research with faculty members. Recent projects include a feature film, "Children of Providence," that was written, produced and directed by Gary Shore with help from many students, and Residency at the Egg in Mystic Connecticut with choreography by collaboration between Mary Ruffin Ward and three students.
Most recently, Dance students performed at The Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts as part of the American College Dance Festival Gala in May 2010. The group beat out 45 other programs at a regional competition to earn the right to perform in Washington, D.C.
Student Learning Outcomes


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Anil Bernard Nagar MD
Associate Professor of Medicine (Digestive Diseases); Endoscopy Director, West Haven VAMC
Departments & Organizations
Yale Medical Group
Office of Student ResearchInternal Medicine: Digestive Diseases: Gastroenterology
Research Interests
Value of interventions for detecting and treating GI diseases more...
- B.S., St. Joseph's College, Bangalore, India, 1985
- M.D., Saint John's Medical College and Hospital, India, 1990
Selected Publications
- AGA gastroenterology teaching project: Pancreatic Physiology and: Acute Pancreatitis Senior author: Fred Gorelick MD. Co-authors: Anil Nagar, Lars Fischer. Steven Pandol, Guillermo Robles-Diaz, Akihiko Sato and Mark Topazian.
- Wang S, Fadare O, Nagar A, Shafi N, Rose M. The diagnostic role of gastrointestinal endoscopy in anemic patients with a low normal ferritin level. Am. J. Hematology. 200681:324-327.
- Nagar AB, Gorelick F. Acute Pancreatitis in Yamada Atlas of Gastroenterology. 2002 Ed. T. Yamada. pp 500 –510. Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins, Philadelphia.