text:
@import "../css/history_substyles.css";
well-known date of Britain's final official break from Rome is AD 410, but by that stage
Roman Britannia had mostly been fighting its own battles for nearly thirty years with only
occasional support from Rome. It was forced
to look after its own interests in the face of increasing barbarian raids; from the Picts to the north, the Scotti and Irish to the west, and from various
Teutonic tribes to the south and east. There had been frequent barbarian raids throughout the fourth century in
Britain. The Barbarian
Conspiracy in 367 was a three-fold attack by Teutons from across the North Sea, and Picts
and Scotti from the north and west. Magnus Maximus The next crisis faced by Britain came in 383, when the
military commander, Magnus
Maximus, realised that Roman power in the region was becoming increasingly
toothless, and made his own claim to
imperial power, supported by the army. His death in 388 deprived the island of the
greatest part of its military strength, although the reorganisations usually attributed to
him shored up the north and western coasts of Britain. However, there
appears to have been almost continual warfare against the Picts during this
period. In about 398, Britain apparently had to be rescued from her barbarian foes, this time by the
most powerful general of the Western Roman Empire, Stilicho. Stilicho's
intervention was the last occasion on which a major expedition was mounted
against the enemies of Britain. Soon after the situation had been retrieved, Roman forces on the island were further reduced to serve Italy against the invading Goths. By 406, Britain's military
strength had been largely drained away, and the following decade completed the process. In 406 a vast army of barbarians crossed the frozen Rhine and began
advancing westwards towards the Channel coast. It began to appear as though Britain might
be invaded. Constantine III Earlier in the same year, the army in Britain had already elevated an unknown soldier, Marcus,
to supreme power. He did not last long, being supplanted at the time of the
barbarian advance through Gaul by Gratian, an urban magistrate (magistratum).
Gratian survived only four months, and the army's next choice fell on a
soldier, Constantine, who challenged Roman authority in Gaul, creating a prefecture at Arles from which to rule as Emperor Constantine III. Constantine had, in 407 removed at least something of Britain's remaining trained forces only to be killed in 411 at Arles. The troops never returned but instead may have largely
settled in Armorica, paving the way for a later British migration there. In 408/409,
Britain was subjected to a large-scale barbarian invasion, probably by Saxons, with Anglian
support. The British civitates - the urban centres - managed to defend themselves and by
409 had quelled the attack, although details of how they did this are not available. It is
possible that many of the surviving defeated Saxons and Angles were employed as foederati
- mercenary troops - to garrison the Saxon Shore (the east coast) and protect it from
further attacks. Although this was established Roman practise, and undoubtedly in use
before this time, this action would help to explain the large number of Teutonic sites
along Britain's east coast that are evident from before the Adventus Saxonum in 450. Abandonment by Rome
Roman Britain In 410, the feeble emperor Honorius informed the internal government of Britain
that it would have to look after its own defence, implying that this would be a permanent
arrangement. During what was either a revolt of peasants and slaves in Britain in 409 to
mirror either the popular uprising of the oppressed classes in Armorica (Brittany), or
at the tail
end of the barbarian invasion, the Romano-British governor had appealed for imperial help. In the face of this abandonment by Rome, the defence of Britain was left to the western
and northern kingdoms and whatever remained of the central government, essentially
operating under a traditional
Celtic High King, who may well have used the title Emperor of Britain while it still meant
anything. Theoretically, Vortigern could have been the first of these, with Ambrosius
Aurelianus, and Arthur following them (Uther Pendragon is harder to pin down, but would
have ruled between Ambrosius and Arthur, unless, of course, he was in reality the same
person as Ambrosius, an argument not within the scope of this feature). Border client kingdoms Welsh tradition has long held that Magnus Maximus arranged the island's defences
before making his expedition abroad to claim the Imperial title. Other sources attribute
some of the changes to Vortigern,
so a combination of the two is highly likely. Magnus Maximus, though, began the
work, and seems likely to have made the biggest changes. What he did was to arrange large
defensive areas that could be governed by client tribes or native Roman officers. All of
these were set up in the militarised zones, in the west and north, areas that had never
been fully Romanised and had been under military control through several chains of forts.
The borders shown in the map below are mostly conjectural, but are based on later kingdoms
that emerged in these areas, through the inevitable fragmentation that occurred when
Celtic tradition demanded an equal distribution of land between surviving sons. The south and east, areas far more greatly Romanised, came under the island's
central administration, for as long as it lasted.
This explains the proliferation of early independent Celtic kingdoms in the west and
north, while the heart of the Celtic Lloegr (ie. England) was much slower to fragment,
and perhaps because of that, was a much easier area from which Angles and Saxons
could grab territory. However, kingdoms did emerge in the south and east, mostly towards the end of the fifth
century, and some of these left evidence of their survival, if not their names. (details
of these can be accessed from the next map in the series, The Island of Britain).
MAPS: To select a territorium for a
description, click anywhere within its borders. Ceretic Guletic, King of Alt Clut Ceretic was the first king of Alt Clut (Strathcluaide) in this period,
and perhaps the first to be recognised by Britain's administration.
However, it seems certain that the kingdom was created in AD 148 by a
descendant of the last free High King of Britain, Caratacus. This was one
of the 'four kingdoms of (Lowland) Scotland' which held the territory
between 'proper' Roman Britain and the Pictish north. Most of them may
have maintained Roman client kingdom status for much of their existence
before 409. Ceretic ruled his territorium from the place from which the kingdom took its name, a rocky promontory overlooking the Clyde. This capital became known as the Fort of the Britons, Dun Breaton (and later, Dunbarton).
Policing the western half of the Antonine Wall as a probably Roman client chieftain, Ceretic and his
descendants forged a strong but poorly recorded kingdom which, alone amongst the British
kingdoms outside Cymru, was never successfully conquered by the English. Instead,
after becoming a Pictish/Scottish satellite state in the ninth century, it
was fully merged within Scotland in the eleventh century.
RELATED LINKS: Kingdom of Goutodin Although Cunedda Wledig originated from this region if, as per
tradition, he was
moved by Magnus Maximus, he would have been in North Wales by 383.
The first known king of Goutodin is Lot Lwyddog, who reigned around
the end of the fifth century - before that there seems to be little
information on this northern tribe, and it is possible that the
Votadini chieftains, late in accepting the benefits of Roman
civilisation, were also late to unite and form a single political
entity. Nora Chadwick's
The Celts theorises that Coel Hen and his descendants guarded this eastern end of
the Antonine Wall, in the buffer zone between that and Hadrian's Wall. Could Coel Hen have
commanded, as governor of the militarised zone of north Britain, the Votadini chieftains,
perhaps dealing directly with one high-chieftain? It seems highly plausible that after the
death of Ceneu ap Coel, Coel Hen's son, the Votadini, or Goutodin, would seek to emulate
the kingdoms being formed by his sons to the south. As a kingdom, Goutodin may
well have been born only by around 470, with Lot Lwyddog as its first ruler. Unfortunately, the kingdom never had a stable line of succession, and
after the rulers (a king and a probable sub-king) were defeated at Catreath
in around 597, as described in the Gododdin, the Kingdom of
Goutodin was fatally weakened, and its remnants fell in 638 to the Angles of Bernicia. Coel Hen, King of Northern Britain
The capital of Late Roman Britain in the north was Eboracum, later Ebrauc to the British,
Eorforwic to the English, and contorted into York by the Danes. This was the civitas
capital of the Brigantian Britons, who as pre-Roman Celts had ruled a huge swathe of
central northern England for some centuries. Archaeological evidence points to a period of
rebuilding in York at the start of the fifth century, when Coel Hen was at the height of his
governorship of the region. But, formed partly it seems from the Roman military district of
Valentia, the kingdom of Northern Britain covered the whole of the Roman militarised zone
from a line close to the Humber to Hadrian's Wall and a lesser sphere of influence for some
distance beyond it (perhaps including the Votadini, as mentioned above). [1] Quite possibly appointed to his position by the departing
Magnus Maximus, Coel
Hen was probably the last Roman-style dux brittanniarum, and would have ruled in a very Romanised
way. He held the north in a strong protective grip, and guaranteed that he and his
immediate descendants had little trouble from the Picts to the north. Unfortunately, his
descendants divided what was a very strong single political entity into a patchwork of
small kingdoms that fell one by one to the Angles.
Northern Britain (Ebrauc) Cunedda Wledig, King of North Wales
The ninth century Historia Brittonum (The History of Britain, attributed
to a certain Nennius) is the earliest source for
Welsh history outside the Lives of the Saints, and it records that a certain
Cunedag (Welsh Cunedda), together with eight of his sons and one grandson, came from
Manau Goutodin (near the Firth of
Forth) a hundred and forty-six years before the reign of Maelgwyn, king of Gwynedd, and
that they had expelled the Irish forever from those lands. This was the primary reason behind the decision to invite
Cunedda to become "King of North Wales" as he was styled (although this
appellation probably came much later, after his lifetime - he was never referred to as rex,
"king", in the Historia). Maelgwyn's reign began in 517, so this places
Cunedda's migration at 371, which seems a little early. Magnus Maximus is usually credited
with reorganising the country's defences leading up to his departure in 383, and it is
this date that is more traditionally linked with Cunedda, so something between 380 - 383
seems more acceptable for the move. Cunedda and his people quickly settled in Gwynedd, carrying
out their task of expelling the Irish invaders who had begun to settle there. The process
of "freeing" North Wales seems to have lasted a few years, until the only Irish
stronghold remained on Ynys Mon (the Isle of Anglesey). Signs of Irish settlement in the
area can still be found opposite Irish Leinster, in the probable origin
of the Lleyn peninsula - the long "pig's ear" - as its name may contain Irish Laigin,
"Leinstermen". Antonius Donatus Gregorius, King of South Wales
also known to Welsh tradition as Anawn Dynod, was another son of Magnus Maximus, set up
in his own territorium by his father or shortly after his departure. The
positioning of Demetia, kingdom of the Demetae Britons, meant that it could protect the
south west coastline from Irish raids. The South Wales
region soon crystallised into the kingdom of Demetia, later Dyfed. and was made up of two
main regions. The larger part of the territory was Dyfed itself, and Ystrad Towy (or Towi)
made up the eastern third or so. This was conquered in around 690 by Ceredigion, but Wales was united under
the kings of Gwynedd in the ninth century, and Dyfed came to form the heart
of a united South Wales after that, continuing through Deheubarth. The later
kingdom of Brycheiniog also seems
to have (at least partially) formed part of the South Wales territory. As a complete opposite of the process going on in North
Wales at the same time, Irish settlement in Demetia was actively encouraged, in the form
of inviting the Irish Deisi tribe to settle there. They seem to have been brought in to
act as foederati on the west coast, keeping the British shores clear of Irish
raiders, an apparently successful policy. In the region, many Irish words are mixed into
the regional dialect, and there is a considerable spread of memorial stones pointing to
Irish influence. The incidence of Ogham (Irish) symbols, highest in the modern county of
Dyfed, is a crude guide to the settlement of the Deisi, and after the British line of
rulers had died out, the Deisi were best placed, through intermarriage, to assumed
the legitimate rule of Dyfed.
Demetia Owain Finddu, King of Mid-South Wales (Cernyw)
Although many later Welsh kings claimed descent from Magnus Maximus
in order to legitimise and enhance their own status, Owain Finddu
has one of the better claims, and his territory seems to have been
created to plug a gap between South Wales and Ewyas.
The kingdom of Cernyw emerged from this with Owain's son, and was
renamed after Owain's great-grandson as Glywyssing. Even later, in
the tenth century, it was again renamed after one of its most
powerful late rulers as Morgannwg, and is remembered as today's
Glamorgan region. Meirchion, King of Ewyas
Probably the great-grandnephew of Eudaf Hen (the Old), former king of Ewyas, Meirchion son of Gwrgant seems to have been
the last king of Ewyas. The kingdom was without a ruler in around 430 so
that Vortigern was able to give it to his
eldest son, Vortimer. Vortimer appears to have been able to claim the area as his
inheritance through the maternal line as a great grandson of Eudaf Hen. Ewyas as a distinct region seems to date from at least the late third century, and was
situated at the very centre of what in the mid-fourth century became the Roman civil
administration's province of Britannia Prima, stretching from Cornubia to North Wales and east to the
Gloucester and Cirencester areas. Vortigern, King of Pagenses (Powys)
The Pagenses appears to have grown into a recognisable region and kingdom only in
Vortigern's time, so it is likely he was drawing upon territory that had previously come
under Britain's central administration. This was part of his powerbase from which he was
able to build his claim to the High Kingship of Britain. Philip Barker's painstaking years of investigation at Caer Guricon (Urecon, Roman
Viroconium, modern Wroxeter), which was the part-military, part-civil civitas (tribal
capital) of the Cornovii, have revealed the construction well into the fifth century of a
large and remarkable timber palace on quasi-Classical lines. Grandiose in conception,
there existed a massive hall with a linear spread of outbuildings and even, perhaps,
shops, all executed in timber. Once Pengwern
had emerged as a separate kingdom at the end of the sixth century, this became its early
capital. Vortigern's main powerbase seems to have been further
south than Powys, and his father may have had connections with Caer Gloui. Given the later divisions
of towns in the area, Caer Baddan
and Caer Ceri could have formed part
of this territory. From the available evidence, it seems likely that, once Vortigern was
defeated shortly after the civil war of the 440s, Ambrosius
Aurelianus confirmed the rule of his sons over Powys, Builth and Gwent, and took the Gloucester region to
form his own powerbase in southern Lloegr (England). Is it possible that the
territories of Caer Gloui, Caer Baddan and Caer Ceri all formed parts of one
administrative region, or kingdom, in the mid-fifth century, and was passed onto Ambrosius'
descendants, to be finally conquered by the West Saxons in 577? It seems
highly likely.
Powys Vorimorus, King of Dumnonia
The Celtic tribe of the Dumnonii ruled a large kingdom that covered the whole of the West
Country from Somerset onwards and probably began to emerge as a distinct region by the
beginning of the fourth century. It had become a fully independent kingdom by the fifth
century, probably by 410.
In this area, scarcely touched by Roman occupation, the
Dumnonian leaders would have exercised a far higher level of self-rule than many areas of
Britain. They controlled a wide swathe of territory that also comprised the
former territory of the Durotriges and Cornovii, in the modern counties of
Dorset and Cornwall respectively. As well as producing one of the earliest independent kingdoms, Dumnonia was one
of the most stable until the West Saxon
territorial gains of the late sixth century, neither changing its name or fragmenting in the
way of most Celtic kingdoms. It produced a few sub-kingdoms, Glastenning, Cornubia and Lyonesse, which were ruled, in the same
manner as Gwynedd, under Dumnonia's
overall control, and were mostly later drawn back under direct rule. Glastenning was the only one
not regained in whole, but this was due to Saxon conquests in the region. In the remote
south-west, the English Cornwall derives directly from its Romano-British label. Its Late
British name, Cornouia, which was Latinised as Cornubia, has survived as
Welsh Cerniw and Cornish Kernow (not to be confused with the Cernyw of Glywyssing). Cornubia seems to
have constituted a pagus, a Roman subdivision, within the civitas of the Dumnonii, and
later, as stated, a sub-kingdom for a time, before merging with Dumnonia as the latter was
reduced by Saxon advances.
Dumnonia Flavia Caesariensis Although the region as illustrated on the map existed as a late fourth century Roman civil
administration province (borders conjectural), some older sources list its name as Britannia Secunda, and place Flavia Caesariensis as a very small province in the area of Carlisle in
modern Cumbria. By the late third century the whole south-east region was governed by the Comes Litoris Saxonici, Counts of the Saxon Shore, with an opposite
number of
equal rank controlling the north in the form of Dux Britanniarum, Duke of the Britons, the
last of which was Coel Hen. The former was charged with
guarding the entire east and south coast from the Humber to the Isle of Wight from increasingly
frequent raids by Saxons and Irish Scotti. Many of the defended areas were settled with
Teutonic foederati, to strengthen native defences there. These
forces might have been greatly increased after the barbarian raid of 408/409,
when the Roman administration was expelled and the Britons had to look after
their own defences, and they eventually
led to the forming of the earliest Saxon and Anglian kingdoms in these regions. It seems highly likely (although it is completely undocumented) that, if
the south-eastern Roman provinces survived AD 409 and the change of
ownership of Britain, they probably survived until the middle of the
century, when over the course of a decade, the country was ravaged by
foederati revolt, plague, civil war, Pictish incursion, and Jutish
invasion. Maxima Caesariensis
The Romans were familiar with the Celtic tribal divisions in the country,
and they accommodated this habit in their own organisational divisions.
Britain (England and Wales) is a relatively small country, but then as now is still too
large and diverse to administer as a single entity. Britannia Superior was created by the
Romans in the third century to administratively separate the south of Britain from Britannia
Inferior, the militarised north (Superior, "higher" and Inferior,
"lower" in the sense of nearer to, and further from, Rome itself). A century later, this
administration zone was further divided to create Britannia Prima (Wales and the West
Country), Flavia Caesariensis, and Maxima Caesariensis. Inis Vectis, or later Ynys Weith,
would have come under the control of this region. Ceint, while perhaps administratively still a part of Maxima
Caesariensis in AD 409, seems to have become a petty kingdom by circa
425. Further north, the marshes around The Wash seemed to have regained the
ground they had lost under Roman administration. Second century Roman
drainage work, which may have been poorly executed in the first place, was
abandoned during the mid-fourth century economic slump and never repaired.
Post-Roman Britain
Early Independent Britain AD 400-425
by Peter Kessler, 1 April 1999. Updated 8 September 2007
Alt Clut
Ewyas (Gwent)
Flavia Caesariensis
Maxima Caesariensis
Mid-South Wales
Northern Britain
North Wales
Pagenses (Powys)
South Wales
View the Roman invasion and
conquest through a series of detailed maps.
Pre-Roman Britain 55 BC-AD 10
The Island of Britain AD 450-600
Elmet Place Names & Earthworks
British Kingdoms of Armorica
Anglo-Saxon Conquest AD 550-600
Alt Clut
Kings of Northern Britain
In his book, Roman Britain,
Guy de la Bédoyère contests that the mention of Valentia in the
is a transcription error that should instead say that the province of
Maxima Caesariensis had been renamed Valentia, probably at the same time
that London was renamed Augusta, after 367.
Magnus Maximus
Ambrosius Aurelianus
Caer Baddan
Caer Ceri
Caer Gloui
West Saxons
West Saxons
Images and text copyright © P L Kessler. An original feature for the
History Files.


text:
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text:
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text:
OMG (song)
Single by Usher featuring will.i.am | |||||||||||
from the album Raymond v. Raymond | |||||||||||
B-side | "Papers" | ||||||||||
Released | March 22, 2010 (see release History) |
Format | CD single, digital download | ||||||||||
Recorded | Nov.2007, Aug.2008, Feb.2009; Chung King Studios (New York City) |
Genre | Dance-pop, synthpop | ||||||||||
Length | 4:45 (Album Version w/o will.i.am) 4:28 (Radio Edit) |
Label | LaFace | ||||||||||
Writer(s) | William Adams | ||||||||||
Producer(s) | will.i.am | ||||||||||
Usher singles chronology | |||||||||||
"OMG" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song. It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as Jock Jams-esque sports arena chanting. It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, Raymond v. Raymond, and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles "Papers", "Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)", and "Lil Freak". The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe. The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single "What's Your Name", from his previous album Here I Stand (2008).
"OMG" topped the charts in Australia, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States. The song became his ninth number-one hit in the United States, making him the first 2010s artist to collect number-one singles in three consecutive decades. He became only the fourth artist of all-time to achieve that feat. Usher also became the third artist to have at least one number-one song from five consecutive studio albums. The song's choreography and dance-heavy accompanying music video has been compared by critics to that of "Yeah!". Usher performed the song live several times including on the ninth season of American Idol with will.i.am. He also performed the song as a part of a medley during his critically acclaimed performance at the 2010 MTV Video Music Awards. "OMG", was named the fifth best selling song of 2010 in the US, selling 3.8 million units.[1] The song sold 6.9 million copies worldwide during that year.[2]
Production and composition[edit]
A 28-second sample of "OMG", featuring the chorus by Usher, supported by the "oh-oh, oh-oh" hook.
Problems playing this file? See media help. |
"OMG was written and produced by The Black Eyed Peas frontman, will.i.am. The tune was recorded at Chung King Studios, New York City. Dylan "3-D" Dresdow mixed the record at Paper V.U. Studios, North Hollywood.[3] The vocal sample of a crowd shouting "owowowo" used in the song was recorded by will.i.am while performing with The Black Eyed Peas on the French TV show Taratata.[4]
"OMG" is a midtempo pop song, drawing from the subgenres of dance-pop and synthpop, and is also influenced by R&B.[5] The song also infuses hints of Eurodance.[6] Several lines feature the auto-tune effect, and makes use of "hypnotic" hand claps, and Jock Jams-esque arena chanting.[7] The song is set in common time, and has a tempo of 130 beats per minute.[5] It is written in the key of E minor, and Usher's vocals span from the low note of G3 to high note of E5.[5] It follows the chord progression Em–D–Bm7–C6.[5] According to James Reed of the Boston Globe, Usher is featured in a staccato delivery over the song's minimalist dance beat."[8] will.i.am begins the song with the line, "Oh my gosh" then Usher starts singing the chorus. He performs his verse and the second chorus, before will.i.am gives his verse. "OMG" concludes with an extended final chorus.[5] Mikael Wood of The Los Angeles Times said that the lyrics of the song detail Usher's encounter with a woman in a club.[6]
The song has garnered mixed reception, with most critics disapproving of the auto-tuned vocals, and the production and appearance by will.i.am. Edna Gundersen of USA Today said that Usher seemed "disengaged" on the song, and allowed will.i.am. to "bludgeon" the song with auto-tune.[9] Greg Kot of the Chicago Tribune said the song was one of the tracks where production fell short on Raymond v. Raymond, calling the song another auto-tuned "formulaic chant" by will.i.am.[10] The New York Daily News said that the song is "as annoying as the tech-speak it mimics."[11] Andrew Winistorfer of Prefix Magazine preferred "Lil Freak" to be the album's big single, stating that the song "doesn't come close to matching the filthy heights of "Little Freak," [sic] but the sports arena chanting thing hasn't been done this well since the '90s when Jock Jams were enormous."[12] Winistorfer also said that Usher brought back his "bad taste" in collaborators since Lil Jon on "Yeah!", saying that having the latter on this song would be an improvement.[13]
James Reed of the Boston Globe said that Usher "fares better" on the collaboration.[8] Mikael Wood of The Los Angeles Times commended the song's "thumping" groove.[6] Gail Mitchell of Billboard said that Usher "pumps up the beat on the infectious club anthem."[14] Caroline Sullivan of The Guardian, called the track "irresistible".[15] Monica Herrera of Billboard magazine said the song, like "Yeah!," appealed to a broader audience and attuned to clubs. Herrera also said that "the lyrics are hypnotic hand claps and soccer-game chants that fade in and out to keep the party going".[7]
In 2010, WYOY disc jockeys compared part of Usher's verse to a song sung by Homer Simpson in "Dude, Where's My Ranch?", a 2003 episode of television comedy The Simpsons.[16] The cadences of the line, "Honey got a booty like pow, pow, pow. Honey got some boobies like wow, oh wow" were compared to those of Simpson's tune, "Christmas in December, wow wow wow. Give me tons of presents, now now now."[17][18] Simon Vozick-Levinson of Entertainment Weekly disagreed, calling the likenesses "a random coincidence".[19]
Chart performance[edit]
The song debuted at number fourteen on the Billboard Hot 100 selling 130,000 units in its first week.[20] The song became the third-highest debut on the Billboard Hot 100 of Usher's career, behind 1997's "Nice & Slow" at number nine, and 1998's "My Way" at eight.[21] For the week ending May 15, 2010, the song lifted to number one on the chart, becoming Usher's ninth number-one single and Will.i.am's first number one single as a solo artist (or without his group, The Black eyed Peas). The song collected airplay and digital gainer honors, moving fourteen to seven on the Hot 100 Airplay chart, and two to one on the Hot Digital Songs chart.[22] The song later topped both charts.[23] By March 2011, the song has reached 4 million in sales,[24] and as of May 2013, the song has sold 4,719,000 copies.[25]
With the song, Usher tied with the Bee Gees, Elton John, and Paul McCartney for ninth among artists all time with the most Hot 100 hits.[26] Usher also became the third artist, behind McCartney and Michael Jackson to collect at least one number-one single from five consecutive albums.[26] The song made Usher the first artist in the 2010s to have a number-one single in three consecutive decades, Usher's being the 1990s, 2000s and 2010s.[22] He became only the fifth artist of all time to accomplish this, the others being Stevie Wonder in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s; Michael Jackson in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s; and Madonna and Janet Jackson in the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s.[22] "OMG" was the second shortest title to lead the chart, tying Jackson's "Ben", "Bad", and "ABC" with the Jackson 5, with Britney Spears' "3" being the chart-topper with the shortest title.[26]
The song charted at number three on the R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, two on the Pop Songs chart, and three on the Hot Dance Club Play chart.[23] It also topped the Rhythmic Top 40, making Usher the first artist to collect ten number ones on the chart, above 50 Cent, Beyoncé, Nelly, T-Pain, and Mariah Carey, each with seven.[27] Usher led first on the chart with "You Make Me Wanna" for thirteen weeks from 1997–1998 and "Love in This Club" featuring Young Jeezy in 2008.[27]
"OMG" reached number two in Canada, and was certified Platinum by the Canadian Recording Industry Association.[28][29] It was later upgraded to 2x Platinum for shipments over 160,000 copies.[29] It sold 223,000 copies during 2010 in Canada.[30] Internationally, "OMG" charted across Europe, reaching number one in the Ireland, and United Kingdom where it became the third best selling song of 2010.[31][32] It also charted moderately in other countries, allowing it to reach a peak of six on the European Hot 100.[33] In Australia and New Zealand the song placed at the top of the charts.[34][35] It was certified 2× Platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association,[36] and Platinum in New Zealand by the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand for shipments of 15,000 units.[35] It was later upgraded to 5× Platinum in Australia for shipments over 350,000 copies.[36]
Music video[edit]
Usher and will.i.am shot the video the weekend of March 6, 2010.[37] The video was directed by Anthony Mandler.[37] In an interview with Rap-Up, Mandler said about the concept of the video: "...The video is a spectacle. It really emphasizes what we love about Usher and the character and the icon that he is, and most importantly, it's really a video that showcases his superstardom".[38] The video was released on March 30, 2010, on VEVO and AMTV.[39] According to Mandler, the original idea for the video was citing Max Headroom, a fictional artificial intelligence character from 1980s British television and film.[40] The reference is made when Usher is seen on a flickering television at the beginning of the video.[40] Mandler specified, commenting, "Max Headroom was always in his room," he continued, "this unidentifiable room, '80s shapes. I used that for inspiration."[40] Usher stated that he wanted to do something theatrical and fun, and that while will.i.am. brought the international sound, he wanted to bring the producer into his world, "working off of each other and playing off of each other as artists, but the cinematography would be artistic and incredible."[40] Mandler described the visuals in the clip as "Hitchcock-ian," as well as simply captuiring Usher in his element, as he said he wanted the R&B singer's talent to take over.[40] He further explained, stating,
"The concept was to create a world where we put Usher in a space where he does what I think he does better than anyone else in the world, which is perform at a level and magnitude of a superstar and take us, the viewer, whether audible or visually, on a journey, not a ride. And, in that, I wanted to create an unpredictability, so one set leads to another and another, and you never know what's gonna happen. Along the way, Usher becomes our guide. We're so focused on him, we don't notice the change. The thing is unfolding little by little, and you can't quite see far enough ahead to know what's gonna come next."[40]
Synopsis and reception[edit]
The video begins with Usher flickering on a television in a room, before we see him in a scene dancing with blue flashing lights, and will.i.am. is shown in a similar room with red flashing lights. Usher is then shown with female background dancers in a white room. In the scene he dons a pair of glasses which show the dancers performing through the lens. Usher then dances outside in front of a concrete wall, with male background dancers appearing as shadows. As will.i.am. performs his verse, he and Usher are seen in their corresponding rooms with flashing lights. After this, Usher puffs a cigar and dances with male background dancers in an arena-like area, whilst he is also joined by female dancers with flashing lights on the floor, with the video ending with Usher shown on the flashing television.[41]
In a review of the video, Brad Wete of Entertainment Weekly said, "For a song with such a title, it sure does take a minute for its video to build up to wow-worthy moments. After some clean dance sequences, the magic begins. Usher grooves with shadows, puffs out O's with cigar smoke, and then links back up with his ladies on a primary colored dance floor to show off his steps."[42] Chris Ryan of MTV News compared the video's flashing lights to the music video for "Yeah!", and called the song an answer track to Trey Songz's "LOL".[43] At the 2010 MTV Video Music Awards, the clip was nominated for Best Dance Video, Best Choreography, and Best Male Video.[44]
Live performances[edit]
Usher performed the song with will.i.am. on the ninth season of American Idol, appearing in a black bowler and matching black suit with silver lapels, accompanied by flames and other pyrotechnics.[45] They then performed the song together on The Oprah Winfrey Show on May 10, 2010.[46] The song has also been performed live in Australia on Hey Hey it's Saturday on May 19, 2010, as well as on Sunrise on May 21, 2010.[47] Usher later performed the song on The Ellen DeGeneres Show, So You Think You Can Dance, Good Morning America and live in the United Kingdom on Britain's Got Talent.[48][49] On August 6, 2010, he performed the song alongside other hits at his New Look Foundation's inaugural World Leadership Awards in Atlanta, where his protege Justin Bieber and R&B singer Ciara also performed.[50] Another event the song was performed at was the Activision E3 Event.[51] The song was performed alongside "DJ Got Us Fallin' in Love" during the 2010 MTV Video Music Awards.[52] VMA executive producer Dave Sirulnick told MTV News, "We said to him, 'We want to do the best televised dance routine that you've done in years. Let's show why you're the king.'"[52] MTV Buzzworthy writer, Tamar Antai was present at the rehearsal for the show, and commented that the VMA crew was about to "pull off visual feats not just previously unseen and unparalleled at the VMAs, but unseen and unparalleled on TV."[53]
The performance was received with critical acclaim. On Usher specifically Antai said the performance was like "liquid magic," saying, "He took it to the level that comes after the next level. The penthouse level."[53] He was aided by about a dozen background dancers, the males in skeleton-like costumets, and the females donning a one-piece, gloves and boots.[54] The "OMG" performance was accompanied by red laser lights, making an illusion as if the stage disappeared.[44] The lights spelled out "O.M.G" as well as "Usher", as dancers lowered from the ceiling.[44] Jayson Rodrgiguez of MTV News commented, "The singer moved and grooved, proving that he's the R&B star that everyone pays attention to for the big moments."[52] Rochell D. Thomas, also of the site said "Call it what you will: talent, swag, skills...When he steps on the dance floor, some mysterious thing comes out of him and puts the G in groove."[44] Thomas went on to say that Usher's dance moves would make "the late great Michael Jackson jealous" in the stage production "that included more special-effects bells and whistles than a summer blockbuster."[44] Chris Ryan of MTV Buzzworthy also compared the performance to Jackson, calling it overall, "One part "Tron," one part laser show, one part Michael Jackson choreo tribute, and all spectacle."[54] Usher appeared with The Black Eyed Peas to perform the song during the halftime show of Super Bowl XLV.
Track listing[edit]
- Vocals - Usher
- Lyrics, music, production, instruments, recording, engineering, vocals – will.i.am
- Mixing – Dylan "3-D" Dresdow
Weekly charts[edit]
Year-end charts[edit]
Region | Certification | Sales/shipments |
Australia (ARIA)[95] | 5× Platinum | 350,000^ |
Canada (Music Canada)[96] | 2× Platinum | 223,000[30] |
Mexico (AMPROFON)[97] | Gold | 30,000^ |
New Zealand (RMNZ)[98] | Platinum | 15,000* |
Sweden (GLF)[99] | Gold | 20,000x |
United Kingdom (BPI)[100] | Platinum | 787,000[101] |
United States | 4,719,000[25] | |
*sales figures based on certification alone |
Release history[edit]
Region | Date | Format |
Germany | March 12, 2010[55][102] | CD single, digital download |
United Kingdom | March 22, 2010[103] | Digital download |
Australia | April 16, 2010[104][105] | CD single, digital download |
See also[edit]
- List of number-one singles in Australia in 2010
- List of number-one singles of 2010 (Ireland)
- List of number-one singles in 2010 (New Zealand)
- List of number-one singles from the 2010s (UK)
- List of number-one R&B hits of 2010 (UK)
- List of Hot 100 number-one singles of 2010 (U.S.)
- ^ "Special Issue: 2010's Top 10s | Plugged In Online Culture Clips". Pluggedin.com. Retrieved 2011-02-26.
- ^ "RESOURCES - IFPI publishes Digital Music Report 2011". Ifpi.org. January 20, 2011. Retrieved 2011-02-26.
- ^ a b Raymond v. Raymond (liner notes). Usher. Jive Records. 2010.
- ^ TARATATA n°388 - The Black Eyed Peas "The Time (Dirty Beat)" (2011)
- ^ a b c d e "Usher, 'OMG' – Composition Sheet Music". Musicnotes.com. Alfred Publishing.
- ^ a b c Wood, Mikael (March 30, 2010). "Album review: Usher's 'Raymond v Raymond'". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved April 11, 2010.
- ^ a b "Usher featuring Will.i.am, "OMG"". Billboard. April 23, 2010. Retrieved June 3, 2010.
- ^ a b Reed, James (March 29, 2010). "Usher puts emotional material to little use". Boston Globe. Retrieved April 11, 2010.
- ^ Gundersen, Edna. "Listen Up: 'Raymond' verdict finds Usher guilty of mediocrity". USA Today. Retrieved March 30, 2010.
- ^ Kot, Greg (March 28, 2010). "Album review: Usher, 'Raymond v. Raymond'". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved April 26, 2010.
- ^ "Raymond v. Raymond". The New York Daily News. March 29, 2010. Retrieved March 30, 2010.
- ^ Winistorfer, Andrew. ""Oh My Gosh" f. Will.I.Am". Prefix Magazine. Retrieved April 6, 2010.
- ^ Winistorfer, Andrew. ""OMG" f. Will.I.Am (Video)". Prefix Magazine. Retrieved April 6, 2010.
- ^ Mitchell, Gail (April 2, 2010). "Usher, "Raymond v. Raymond"". Billboard. Retrieved April 11, 2010.
- ^ Sullivan, Caroline (April 22, 2010). "Usher: Raymond v Raymond". guardian.co.uk (London). Retrieved April 26, 2010.
- ^ Kreps, Daniel (December 28, 2010). "Did Usher Steal 'OMG' From Homer Simpson's Christmas Song?". Yahoo! Music. Retrieved 2011-02-15.
- ^ Australian Associated Press; World Entertainment News Network (December 30, 2010). "OMG did Usher steal from Homer?". The Sydney Morning Herald. Fairfax Media. Retrieved 2011-02-15.
- ^ "Did Usher rip off OMG from Homer Simpson?". ONE News. Television New Zealand. January 3, 2011. Retrieved 2011-02-15.
- ^ Vozick-Levinson, Simon (December 27, 2010). "Usher's 'OMG' and Homer Simpson's Christmas carol: Rip-off or coincidence? Listen here". Entertainment Weekly. Time Warner. Retrieved 2011-02-15.
- ^ Pietroluongo, Silvio (April 8, 2010). "Rihanna Streaks To A Fourth Week Atop Hot 100". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. Retrieved 2010-09-06.
- ^ Wete, Brad (April 8, 2010). "Rihanna stays at No. 1, Usher's 'OMG' debuts big on Billboard Hot 100". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved May 6, 2010.
- ^ a b c Pietroluongo, Silvio (May 6, 2010). "Hot 100 Recap: Ushering in a New Decade of No. 1s". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. Retrieved May 6, 2010.
- ^ a b c "Usher Album & Song Chart History" Billboard Hot 100 for Usher. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ "Week Ending March 6, 2011: Songs: Rated PG". Yahoo! Chart Watch. March 9, 2011. Retrieved 2011-03-10.
- ^ a b "Week Week Ending May 12, 2013. Songs: #Letdown". Chart Watch. Yahoo Music. May 15, 2013. Retrieved 2013-05-16.
- ^ a b c Trust, Gary (May 6, 2010). "Chart Beat Thursday: Usher, will.i.am, B.o.B". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. Retrieved May 6, 2010.
- ^ a b Trust, Gary (May 26, 2010). "Chart Beat Wednesday: Katy Perry, Usher, Muse". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. Retrieved 2010-09-06.
- ^ a b "Usher Album & Song Chart History" Canadian Hot 100 for Usher. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ a b "Gold and Platinum Certifications - August 2010". Canadian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved 2010-12-03.
- ^ a b "Morning Coffee with David Farrell, April 5". FYI Music. Alacarte Media. 2011-04-05. Archived from the original on 2011-10-04.
- ^ a b "Usher Ft Will I Am: Artist Chart History" UK Singles Chart. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/12059361
- ^ a b "Usher Album & Song Chart History" European Hot 100 for Usher. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ a b "Australian-charts.com – Usher feat. will.i.am – OMG". ARIA Top 50 Singles. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ a b c "Charts.org.nz – Usher feat. will.i.am – OMG". Top 40 Singles. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ a b "ARIA Charts — Accreditations – 2010 Singles". Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved 2010-09-16.
- ^ a b "Single Covers: Estelle – 'Freak' + Usher – 'OMG'". Rap-Up.com. March 9, 2010. Retrieved March 29, 2010.
- ^ "Usher Creates Spectacle in 'OMG' Video". Rap-Up.com. March 17, 2010. Retrieved March 29, 2010.
- ^ "Video: Usher f/ will.i.am – 'OMG'". Rap-Up. Retrieved March 30, 2010.
- ^ a b c d e f Rodriguez, Jayson. "Usher's VMA-Nominated 'OMG' Inspired By '80s Sci-Fi Character". MTV News. MTV Networks. Retrieved 2010-09-18.
- ^ Ryan, Chris (April 2, 2010). "New Usher Videos: "OMG" vs. "Little Freak"". MTV Buzzworthy. MTV Networks. Retrieved 2010-09-18.
- ^ Wete, Brad (March 30, 2010). "Usher goes 'OMG' with will.i.am in new video.". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved March 30, 2010.
- ^ Ryan, Chris (April 2, 2010). "New Usher Videos: "OMG" vs. "Little Freak"". MTV Buzzworthy. MTV Networks. Retrieved April 23, 2010.
- ^ a b c d e Thomas, Rochell D. (September 13, 2010). "Usher Dazzles On The VMA Stage With 'DJ' And 'OMG'". MTV News. MTV Networks. Retrieved 2010-09-18.
- ^ Campbell, Christopher. "Usher And Will. I.Am Heat Up 'American Idol' With 'OMG'". MTV News. Retrieved 2010-03-31.
- ^ "Video: Usher Performs 'OMG' on 'Oprah'". Rap-Up. Retrieved May 10, 2010.
- ^ "Usher set for Melbourne - will Justin Bieber fever repeat?". Herald Sun. Herald and Weekly Times. May 7, 2010. Retrieved 2010-09-06.
- ^ "Video: Usher Thrills at Universal Orlando". April 1, 2010. Retrieved 2010-09-06.
- ^ "Usher Sizzles on 'GMA' Concert Series". Rap-Up. Retrieved 2010-09-06.
- ^ "Video: Ciara and Usher duet on 'Imagine'". Rap-Up. Retrieved 2010-09-06.
- ^ "Rap-Up TV: Usher Live at Activision E3 Event". Rap-Up. Retrieved 2010-09-06.
- ^ a b c Rodrgiuez, Jayson (September 13, 2010). "Usher's VMA Performance Proves He's Still King: Making The Show". MTV News. MTV Networks. Retrieved 2010-09-18.
- ^ a b Antai, Tamar (September 10, 2010). "Go Inside Usher's 'OMG'-Worthy VMA Rehearsal". MTV Buzzworthy. MTV Networks. Retrieved 2010-09-18.
- ^ a b Ryan, Chris (September 13, 2010). "Watch Usher Perform 'DJ Got Us Falling In Love' And 'OMG' At The 2010 MTV VMAs". MTV Buzzworthy. MTV Networks. Retrieved 2010-09-18.
- ^ a b "OMG feat. Will.I.am: Usher: Amazon.de: Musik". Amazon.de. Amazon Inc. Retrieved 2010-09-19.
- ^ "hmvdigital UK OMG - The Remixes by Usher". HMV. Retrieved 2010-09-19.
- ^ "hmvdigital UK - OMG featuring will.i.am Remix EP by Usher". HMV. Retrieved 2010-09-19.
- ^ "Austriancharts.at – Usher feat. will.i.am – OMG" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ "Ultratop.be – Usher feat. will.i.am – OMG" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ "Ultratop.be – Usher feat. will.i.am – OMG" (in French). Ultratop 50. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ "Brazil Hot 100 Airplay" (in Portuguese). Billboard Brasil (Brazil: bpp) (2): 100. October 18, 2010. ISSN 977-217605400-2
- ^ "Brazil Hot 100 Airplay" (in Portuguese). Billboard Brasil (Brazil: bpp) (2): 101. October 18, 2010. ISSN 977-217605400-2
- ^ "ČNS IFPI" (in Czech). Hitparáda – Radio Top 100 Oficiální. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: insert 201026 into search. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ "Danishcharts.com – Usher feat. will.i.am – OMG". Tracklisten. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Usher feat. will.i.am – OMG" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ "12, 2010 lescharts.com – Les charts français" (in French). Les classement de telechargement single.
- ^ "Chartverfulgong > Usher > OMG – musicline.de" (in German). Media Control Charts. PhonoNet GmbH. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ "Archívum – Slágerlisták – MAHASZ" (in Hungarian). Rádiós Top 40 játszási lista. Magyar Hanglemezkiadók Szövetsége. Retrieved 2010-09-23.
- ^ "Chart Track: Week 17, 2010". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ "Tutti i successi del 2010". Hit Parade Italia. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
- ^ "Usher Album & Song Chart History" Japan Hot 100 for Usher. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ "Swedishcharts.com – Usher feat. will.i.am – OMG". Singles Top 60. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ "SNS IFPI" (in Slovak). Hitparáda – Radio Top 100 Oficiálna. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: insert 201020 into search. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ "Swisscharts.com – Usher feat. will.i.am – OMG". Swiss Singles Chart. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ "17, 2010/ Archive Chart: April 17, 2010" UK R&B Chart. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ "Usher Album & Song Chart History" Billboard Hot Dance Club Songs for Usher. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ "Usher Album & Song Chart History" Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs for Usher. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ "Usher Album & Song Chart History" Billboard Pop Songs for Usher. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ "Usher Album & Song Chart History" Billboard Rhythmic Songs for Usher. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ "ARIA Charts – End Of Year Charts – Top 100 Singles 2010". Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved 2011-01-09.
- ^ "ARIA Charts – End Of Year Charts – Top 50 Urban Singles 2010". Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
- ^ "JAAROVERZICHTEN 2010: Singles" (in Dutch). Ultratop (NL). Retrieved July 26, 2014.
- ^ "RAPPORTS ANNUELS 2010: Singles" (in French). Ultratop (FR). Retrieved July 26, 2014.
- ^ "Charts Year End: Canadian Hot 100". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. Retrieved 2010-05-02.
- ^ "European Hot 100 Singles". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. 2010. Retrieved 2010-12-11.
- ^ "Best of 2010". IRMA. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
- ^ "NZ Top 40 Singles Chart" (PDF). nztop40.co.nz. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
- ^ "Årslista Singlar - År 2010" (in Swedish). hitlistan.se. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
- ^ "2010 Year-end UK Singles". BBC (BBC Online). December 26, 2010. Retrieved 2011-01-19.
- ^ "Hot 100 Songs". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. 2010. Retrieved 2010-12-11.
- ^ "Dance Club Songs". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. 2010. Retrieved 2010-12-11.
- ^ "Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. 2010. Retrieved 2010-12-11.
- ^ "Hot Latin Songs". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. 2010. Retrieved 2010-12-11.
- ^ "Pop Songs". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. 2010. Retrieved 2010-12-11.
- ^ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2011 Singles". Australian Recording Industry Association.
- ^ "Canadian single certifications – Usher – OMG". Music Canada.
- ^ "Certificaciones – Usher" (in Spanish). Asociación Mexicana de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas. Retrieved January 17, 2014.
- ^ "New Zealand single certifications – Usher – OMG". Recording Industry Association of New Zealand.
- ^ "Usher - OMG" (in Swedish). Grammofon Leverantörernas Förening. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
- ^ "British single certifications – Usher – OMG". British Phonographic Industry. Enter OMG in the field Keywords. Select Title in the field Search by. Select single in the field By Format. Select Platinum in the field By Award. Click Search
- ^ Myers, Justin (23 April 2015). "Number 1 today in 2010: OMG! Usher scores a fourth chart-topper". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 23 April 2015.
- ^ "OMG featuring will.i.am: Amazon.de: MP3-Downloads". Amazon.de. Amazon Inc. Retrieved 2010-09-19.
- ^ "OMG (2010)". 7digital. Retrieved 2010-09-19.
- ^ "Buy OMG Usher, R&B, CD Singles". Sanity. Retrieved 2010-09-19.
- ^ "OMG (feat. will.i.iam)". iTunes Store (AUS). Apple Inc. Retrieved 2010-09-19.
External links[edit]
- Hot 100 Recap: Ushering in a New Decade of No. 1s by Billboard
- OMG: Usher Hits No. 1 by Billboard
- Singles certified gold by the Asociación Mexicana de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas
- Singles certified gold by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry of Sweden
- Singles certified quintuple platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association
- 2010 singles
- Songs about sexuality
- Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles
- Billboard Rhythmic Airplay number-one singles
- Irish Singles Chart number-one singles
- Music videos directed by Anthony Mandler
- Song recordings produced by will.i.am
- Songs written by will.i.am
- UK R&B Singles Chart number-one singles
- UK Singles Chart number-one singles
- Usher (entertainer) songs
- Will.i.am songs


text:
NEWS: Brandon Prust and Dan Girardi Both Had Surgery
The Rangers have announced that Dan Girardi underwent surgery today on a hernia and that Brandon Prust underwent surgery to repair a torn labrum.
Prust may have been playing with this for a long time. A long time.
New York Rangers President and General Manager Glen Sather announced today that Dan Girardi underwent successful surgery yesterday to repair his inguinal hernia. In addition, Brandon Prust underwent successful surgery today to repair a labral tear. Both are expected to be ready for the start of training camp.
Girardi led all Rangers defensemen and ranked second and seventh on the team, respectively, with career-highs in assists (27) and points (31) this season. He also led the league with a career-high, 236 blocked shots, and ranked second on the Rangers and 15th in the NHL with a career-high in average ice time (24:34). The fourth-year player skated in his 300th career NHL game on November 19 at Colorado.
Prust captured the 2010-11 Steven McDonald Extra Effort Award, voted by the fans as the player who performs "above and beyond the call of duty." He established career-highs in goals (13), assists (16), points (29), and shots on goal, and was one of four Rangers to have skated in all 82 games this season. Prust tied for second in the NHL with a career-high, seven shorthanded points, third with five shorthanded goals and 12th with two shorthanded assists.
Posted with WordPress for BlackBerry.
[…] beyond the call of duty on and off the ice, dethroning the incumbent Ryan Callahan. Finding out he needed offseason surgery for a torn labrum makes him season more remarkable considering he more than likely played with it for quite some […]


text:
Representative Tom McKee (D)
House District
Harrison Pendleton Scott (Part)
Home City
Mailing Address
1053 Cook Rd Cynthiana KY 41031
Frankfort Address(es)
702 Capitol Ave Annex Room 324E Frankfort KY 40601
Phone Number(s)
Home: 859-234-5879 Annex: 502-564-8100 Ext. 667 Annex: 502-564-0152 (fax)
House 1997 - Present
Farmer. Presbyterian. Centre College, BA. Harrison Co Magistrate, 1978-1996. Harrison Memorial Hosp Bd, 20 years. Natl Bank of Cynthiana, past Dir. Harrison Co Farm Bureau, past Pres. KY Farm Bureau, Young Farmer Committee, past Chair. Am Angus Assoc. KY Cattlemen's Assoc. Harrison Co Beef Cattle Assoc. Cynthiana/Harrison Co Chamber of Commerce, Farmer of the Year. Top Ten Most Influential Persons of KY Agriculture 2011 Honoree.
Interim Committees
Agriculture [Co-Chair]; BR Sub. on Gen. Govt., Finance & Public Protection [non voting ex officio]; Economic Development and Tourism; Horse Farming [ex officio]; Local Government; Rural Issues [ex officio]; Transportation
Session Committees
Agriculture & Small Business (H) [Chair]; BR Sub. on Gen. Govt., Finance & Public Protection (H) [non voting ex officio]; Local Government (H); Tourism Development & Energy (H); Transportation (H) |


text:
Renowned filmmaker Shyam Benegal presented Akkineni Nageswara Rao award
Union Minister of State for Information and Broadcasting, Manish Tewari, on Saturday said that while there was a proliferation of media and channels for expressing one's opinion and views, the ability of people to tolerate and understand was shrinking.
No respect for creativity
It was a paradox and there was a need for people to be extremely cautious in expressing their views because it had implications of speech and expression. In over six decades of Independence, till the time people did not respect creativity, it would shrink, even get submerged, he said, adding that all thinking people concerned about growth of liberal art have to stand up and together safeguard art. He was addressing the gathering after presenting the Akkineni International Foundation's Akkineni Nageswara Rao National Award 2012 to filmmaker Shyam Benegal here.
He said instead of being creative criticism, expression of views had become corrosive and hence the need for people concerned to introspect about the challenges ahead.
Award for Shyam Benegal
Mr. Tewari, Chief Minister N. Kiran Kumar Reddy, Member of Parliament T. Subbarami Reddy, Akkineni Nageswara Rao, Venkat and Nagarjuna Akkineni together gave away the award, the citation and the cheque for Rs. 5 lakh to Mr. Shyam Benegal.
Gratefully acknowledging the award, the filmmaker whose roots are in Hyderabad, said he was 'overwhelmed, delighted, deeply honoured and humbled'.
Nagarjuna's lighter side
Mr. Nagarjuna, who proposed the vote of thanks, had the audience in splits when he said Mr. Kiran Kumar Reddy was his junior in school.
"If I had known we had a Chief Minister amidst us at that time, I probably would have made friends and impressed him then itself."
Keywords: Manish Tewari, Akkineni Nageswara Rao National Award 2012, Akkineni Nageswara Rao, Akkineni Nagarjuna, Kiran Kumar Reddy


text:
This is a photo of a fly I created called the "Crown Prince". It was photographed with my iPhone. The fly was set on a piece of drift wood that has facial character of an animal. It's a unique fly that swims very well.
Taken on my fly tying bench.
Submitted by: Richard Katzman
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text:
Advice needed for Board Set iSonic 94 111 131 or 144
I'm looking for a new set of speed/slalom boards. Current option is for the new iSonic 94, 111 and 131 of 144. I would like to have some advice on the differences between the 131 and 144. The biggest board i will use on a big lake, most with a North Ram 8.4 or 7.8. Regards, Xbraun |
you know what's gonna be asked
how much you weigh, experience, conditions ... :-) do the search dude - lotsa hits on the iSonix |
The crucial thing is that you make sure the ISonic 131 is part of your quiver!
I've just ordered the 94,111 & 131 today :)
yeah baby!!! Perfect.
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Black & White Salsa
- 2 cans black beans, drained and rinsed
- 1 can white corn, drained
- 1 medium purple onion, chopped
- 1 yellow bell pepper, chopped
- 1 red bell pepper, chopped
- 1/4 cup cilantro, chopped
- 1 Tbsp lime juice
- 1 Tbsp balsamic vinegar
- 1 Tbsp olive oil
- a good shake of Tony Cachere's Cajun Seasoning
- Mix the beans, corn, onion, peppers, and cilantro in a bowl. Whisk remaining ingredients in a small bowl and pour over veggies. Stir and Tony's-it a little more as necessary. Serve at room temperature with blue or white corn tortilla chips.
- Recipe from Confections of a Foodie Bride


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Prestwick, Shaw Monument
Alternative Names Prestwick Airport
Site Type FOLLY
Canmore ID 41706
Site Number NS32NE 8
Council SOUTH AYRSHIRE
Parish AYR
Former Region STRATHCLYDE
Former District KYLE AND CARRICK
Former County AYRSHIRE
Datum OSGB36 - NGR
Canmore Mapping
View this site on a map
Notes and Activities |
Archaeological Notes
(NS 3678 2612) Shaw Monument (NAT)
OS 6" map (1968)
Shaw Monument (NR)
OS 6" map (1911)
The Shaw Monument was probably built in the 18th century (J F W Plascott), by the then laird of Shaw, a keen falconer, in order that he could follow the sport from its top in his old age.
K Hewat 1908; Name Book 1936
This is an unimposing slender round tower, it could be of 18th century date.
Visited by OS (JLD) 11 May 1954
This round tower, some 20m high, of mortored rubble masonry, appears to be a typical 18th century folly. It had a spiral staircase, now gone, and a top viewing platform. Now surrounded by Prestwick Airport development, it is in a dangerous condition.
Visited by OS (JRL) 7 November 1980.
Books and References |
Cuthbertson, D C (1933) Carrick Days Edinburgh
Page(s): 27 Held at RCAHMS D.11.22.CAR
Hewat, K (1894) A little Scottish world as revealed in the annals of an ancient Ayrshire parish [Monkton and Prestwick], Kilmarnock
Page(s): 151 Held at RCAHMS D.11.22.MON
Ordnance Survey (Name Book) Object Name Books of the Ordnance Survey (6 inch and 1/2500 scale). Held at RCAHMS on micro fiche.
Page(s): Revision Book, 6 Held at RCAHMS Ref


text: Meta Battle Subway PokeBase - Pokemon Q&A Login Register All Activity Questions Unanswered Tags Users Ask a Question Rules Chat Can I fix my Pokemon emerald? 0 votes I got my emerald from amazon and as soon I started it it said the save file is corrupted. emerald asked Aug 20, 2012 by Metallix I know there is a way, I just don't remember what it was. Please log in or register to add a comment. Please log in or register to answer this question. 1 Answer 0 votes Best answer You should be able to start a new game, but if this continues then you will have to replace the internal battery in your game, for instructions, see here answered Aug 20, 2012 by the_netts selected Aug 21, 2012 by Metallix Please log in or register to add a comment. Related questions my pokemon emerald just stopped working completely, how can i fix it? Does anyone know how to fix the battery running dry on Emerald? Is there any way I can play Pokemon Emerald, Ruby, or Sapphire on my PC? can i trade my pokemons from fire to my emerald using 2 nintendo ds?both games have all quest finished. How can I teach rock slide to my swampert on emerald ? I wan't my totodile to learn these moves when it hatches; Iron tail, brick break, and dragon claw. Pokemon Emerald How do I get my Johto starter in Pokémon Emerald? How can l get TM19 Giga Drain for my Emerald? Useful Meta Posts How to change your username How to add a user avatar Why was my post hidden? The points system Question etiquette Flags vs Downvotes Anime FAQ


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Oct 24, 2011, 10:05 AM | #1 |
Aluminum Alloy DNA Case for iPhone 4/4S: Review
Hey folks, I'm currently writing up a review for the DNA Case Alloy Series case for the iPhone 4/4S. I'm going to test it for week and then provide my feedback. I'm just letting this forum know ahead of time in case you have any questions that you'd like me to answer or are curious about the case. Please be sure to let me know and I'll make a point to provide specific feedback.
Here are a couple quick photos that I took. I'll provide plenty more later on. When I received the case, I had my JackBack already installed and didn't feel like changing it back to the OEM backplate for the picture. For the review, I'll be testing it with the standard OEM backplate. Again, if you have any questions you would like to have answered in the review, please do not hesitate to post them here. Thanks! |
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Oct 24, 2011, 10:17 AM | #2 | |
Looks a lot let the old exovault jobbie...I'd definitely be curious to see some "on" and "off" reception testing
Big Habeeb Ipad 3, ipad mini, Iphone 5 Macbook Air, Lenovo w520, Lenovo x1 And some fugly homebrew contraption |
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Oct 24, 2011, 10:25 AM | #3 |
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Oct 25, 2011, 01:50 AM | #4 |
Friend of mine had one of these...
...She was drunk the other night and kept bragging about how well it protected her phone. Kept dropping it on concrete floor and nothing happened to the phone! Can't say the same about the case!
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Oct 31, 2011, 09:10 AM | #5 |
I was thinking about getting this case. Does the inside of the case touch the phone..any scratches? Is the case comfortable? And is it easy to get to the buttons?
Thanks. |
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Nov 1, 2011, 10:35 AM | #6 |
From what I understand, there's a rubber liner inside that the phone rests on. I don't know much else about it but it should be coming in today so I'll post impressions if it does. Now to wait on my iphone! Friday can't come fast enough.
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Nov 1, 2011, 11:57 AM | #7 |
any reception issues with the dna case?
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Nov 1, 2011, 12:10 PM | #8 |
I think if I didn't have Applecare+ this would definitely be the case I would get- it is just so cool looking. I especially love the actor promoting it.
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Nov 1, 2011, 08:05 PM | #9 |
im interested in this case as well. I'm wondering if it would be hard to access the buttons? is it hard to hit the sleep/wake button? what about the vibrate switch? does it fit comfortably against your ear while your talking?
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Nov 1, 2011, 08:15 PM | #10 |
It's only $50.. Might have to treat yourself with christmas right around the corner! Isn't that the dude from that one show? Some day time soap? I believe his name was like Jason or somethin in that show.. My mom used to watch it all the time lol
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Nov 2, 2011, 08:07 AM | #11 | |
On the positive side, he is a badass hitman type character
Big Habeeb Ipad 3, ipad mini, Iphone 5 Macbook Air, Lenovo w520, Lenovo x1 And some fugly homebrew contraption |
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Nov 2, 2011, 09:29 AM | #12 |
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Nov 2, 2011, 09:36 AM | #13 |
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Nov 2, 2011, 10:08 PM | #14 |
Well folks, I've spent over a week and a half with the DNA Case installed on my iPhone 4 and I can honestly say I've come to some definite conclusions. I did my best to take into consideration some of the issues that some of you already mentioned in this thread. I've divided most of this review into Pros and Cons. Let's start with the good stuff. Pros: First and foremost, the one thing I noticed about the DNA Case is the build quality and solid craftsmanship. All the edges are very smooth and even the grade of the aluminum is extremely sturdy. In just handling the case itself, it just feels like a very solid piece of machinery. With regard to the construction of the case, the inside of each frame is lined with a thin rubber lining so the aluminum never touches the glass screen or back of your iPhone. I don't use a screen shield and after a week and a half of having the case installed I did not notice any sort of scratching whatsoever. Comfort/Ergonomics My hands are larger than average and I sometimes feel like the iPhone 4 is a little too small and thin. With the case installed, I actually felt like the raised edges of the frame gave me something to hold on to. My Griffin AUX cable fit without any problems at all. As you can tell from the photos, the edges are beveled directly next to the volume and sleep buttons. If it wasn't for this attention to detail, it would likely be more difficult to access these buttons. When speaking on the phone with it up to my ear I don't notice any ridge. It feels entirely comfortable. Another feature of the DNA Case, at least with this model is that the aluminum alloy finish matches frame of the iP4/4S. In the pictures below, please note the spacing between the spacer and the frame of the phone. The precision of this case is definitely one of its many attributes. Another feature of this case that I really enjoyed was how the aluminum frames the content on the screen. It really added a nice luxurious feel to the experience. Cons: Dock connectivity With the DNA Case installed, I am not able to use my iHome speaker dock. I assume this would likely be the same scenario with other docks. The 30 pin connector fits, but does not fit snug enough to make a secure connection. This was a big downer for me as I use my iHome speaker everyday and installing/unscrewing the case each time is nearly enough to be a deal breaker. Bad news Signal strength As with any aluminum case, signal strength is undeniably going to take a hit. Although this is listed as "con" I can't say that it's really enough to be a deal breaker. Due to the "open bumper" style of this case, signal strength doesn't nearly take as much of a hit as other aluminum cases that I've tried like the CaseMate Jett. I've posted pictures of my speed tests below. Here are screenshots from my speedtests, first withOUT the DNA Case installed. Wifi_________________________________________________3G Now WITH the DNA Case installed. Wifi_________________________________________________3G Final thoughts: It's hard for me to rate this case on a scale of 1-5. Despite being a little skeptical at first, regarding the square appearance, I really began to like the look of this case a lot. To be quite honest, the dip in signal strength was not enough for me to not want to use the case. I would rank this case a 4.5/5. However, for my personal daily routine, the biggest drawback for me was the lack of connectivity to my iHome speaker dock. So, here comes the bottom line, and the primary question we would all like to have answered from a review like this. The aluminum alloy case retails for $50. Is it worth it? Yes, for two specific reasons. First and foremost, when comparing the quality of this case with others made of similar material, or offering similar style and protection, $50 is undeniably on the low-end of the price point. Second, as we all likely know, this entire project started with a Kickstarter campaign and now appears to be thriving, most of which is due to the production of such a quality product. Personally, I have nothing but respect for entrepreneurs who take risks and believe in creating a quality product. I think there should be more people like that in the world and for $50 for a distinct, quality case for your iP4/4S, I definitely think is worth it. I hope this answers at least some questions you may have about the DNA Case. Please, by all means ask me any further questions you may have. Thank you for reading! Last edited by karleaglemac; Nov 3, 2011 at 01:04 PM. Reason: Reducing obnoxiously large image sizes |
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Nov 2, 2011, 11:10 PM | #15 |
can you explain in more detail the signal hit you took when putting the case on? i can't interpret the screen shots. thanks in advance.
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Nov 3, 2011, 12:56 AM | #16 |
This is the most laziest way to make a product.
Gadgetmac.com // TheGearGrid.com <Featuring The Best In Tech
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Nov 3, 2011, 12:51 PM | #17 | |
Although it was noticeable in the bar signal, it really didn't affect things that much. Web pages loaded a little bit slower. I listen to Pandora during my commute to work and drive through an area of low reception. When the case was installed, there was no difference or delay in the streaming audio. In short, the DNA Case will minimally drop signal strength, but not enough to make that big of a difference. |
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Nov 3, 2011, 12:59 PM | #18 |
ginormous...might as well carry your iphone in a briefcase handcuffed to your wrist
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Nov 3, 2011, 03:11 PM | #19 |
Did you trim the Jackback at all to accommodate the angled corner on the back of the DNA case?
Great review btw....just ordered one
Apple MacBook Pro 15 Core i5 2.53Ghz | 1680X1050 DISPLAY | 8GB DDR3 1066 |1 TB WD Scorpio Blue | WIN 7 PRO x64 BOOTCAMP | PARALLELS |
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Nov 3, 2011, 10:21 PM | #20 |
Not at all. The inside of this case is entirely CNC routed to snugly fit the exact contours of an iP4/4S. JackBacks only add maybe 0.1mm-0.05mm in thickness to the phone so the DNA Case still fit just fine.
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Nov 4, 2011, 09:41 AM | #21 | |
I've had the case for a few days now and I love it. I've been playing around with it and it's gotten a lot of wows for its cool factor. I've got a Verizon 4S and so far, I've noticed no signal degradation at all. I get full bars at home and at work. The only time I lose signal is when I go into department stores at the mall, but that always happened to me with my old phones anyway. It looks very slick on a white iPhone with the aluminum case. It may not be for everyone, because some people think a couple milimetres or so is "briefcase" sized, but if you like an industrial look and something that can take good care of your phone, then I would recommend this! |
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Nov 4, 2011, 02:49 PM | #22 |
My thoughts exactly.....lol
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Nov 4, 2011, 05:30 PM | #23 | |
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Nov 4, 2011, 05:38 PM | #24 |
to get a more accurate measure of the 3G signla degradation, you can dial *3001#12345#* on your iphone and it will bring up the "Field Test" page. Dont worry about the menu options, but if you notice the cellular sign bars have changed to numbers.
If you post with and without for these numbers, it would provide a more accurate reading of the signal degradation than speedteat |
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Nov 4, 2011, 05:39 PM | #25 |
Very nice product and review.
I would prefer the screws to come from the back and not show the heads on the front. |
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dna case, jackback |
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A resource for reliable information about significant people, places, events, and things in Minnesota history.
Skyway spanning Nicolett Mall, Minneapolis, c.1974.
Another postcard of Wonderland at night, c.1908.
A cyanotype photograph taken from the site of the town of Nininger c.1890.
Pass for Colonel Alexander Wilkin, 1864.
Ninth Minnesota Infantry, Company G, c.1862.
Ninth Minnesota national battle flag.
Nomination Hall, Republican National Convention, 1892.
Nonpartisan League meeting in Carver County, 1918.
Norelius House, Vasa, c.1973.
Etching of the Norman Kittson mansion made by Charles William Post, 1889.


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Dear Ed,
I read with interest the experience John Powell has had with his serviced Winged Wheel cylinder barrel.
It may be of interest that two types of barrel exist for these "whizzers":
The first and second types of barrel/heads cannot be interchanged. The early cast iron head/barrel is in my opinion the best as it eliminated the head distortion of later type.
I have an early and later type myself.
Ted Giles
First published, April 2001


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After Rome 78, Nares made a political documentary—a controversial 1980 video interview with an IRA member titled No Japs at My Funeral—but turned to other forms of art for much of the remaining decade, never realizing projects like a feature script he penned with Gary Indiana. "Around '82, '83, I began to concentrate on the painting," he says. "I'd made these movies and became really disillusioned with film in the way I was trying to pursue it. I was one of those guys who always wanted to do everything—and, around that time, I realized I couldn't." And, Nares adds, the social makeup of the downtown world changed; fertile collaborations between closely knit networks of writers, artists, filmmakers, and musicians gave way to more fragmented and segregated scenes.
In more recent years, however, he's returned to making moving-image work, some recalling the simple structures of the first films: Paper Factory, a video made last year, uses rhythmic editing to create an audio collage from plastic tubing thrown around in his studio. The edgy threat of danger may be softened, but the direct simplicity remains. "I liked the instant results," he says of the early work. "Make something quietly by yourself, and it would be there. In a funny way, I've come back to making films in the same way that I used to."
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Canada's Insurance and Risk Magazine
Most property and casualty insurance claims executives responding to a recent survey say they are not satisfied with their organization's capability of supporting for mobile computing devices but only a minority of respondents said their organizations have budgeted for increases in spending in this area.
Aite Group LLC of Boston conducted an online survey in May through August of 19 North American property and casualty insurance company claims executives. They were asked a series of questions on their information technology resources, including budgets, development initiatives and utilization of IT vendor services.
The results were published in a report, titled North American P&C Claims Executives and Claims IT Resources: Playing Shorthanded.
"Claims operations account for approximately 80% of property & casualty insurance company spending, but they receive only something on the order of 10% of total insurance company IT budgets," AITE Group stated in the report, which indicated there is heavy spending in other areas, such as legacy systems and policy administration.
The respondents were asked about their satisfaction with 12 areas of claims which are dependent on IT. While 69% were satisfied with their organizations' capabilities in catastrophe-related data management and 63% were satisfied with their ability to detect questionable claims, only 20% were satisfied with their capabilities in "customer-facing mobile solutions" and 25% were satisfied with their capabilities in "staff or agent-facing mobile solutions."
When asked about intentions for IT spending in 2013 in different categories of claims, only 15% said they expected their organizations to spend more next year on customer-facing mobile solutions and 23% said they expect to spend more on staff or agent-facing mobile solutions.
Aite Group noted the responses are "somewhat understandable given the recent explosion of (mobile) device adoption" but that the number of people using mobile devices is "growing exponentially" and insurance firms that "have to play catch-up will be competitively disadvantaged."
The report noted it is not surprising that a high percentage of claims executives are satisfied with their capabilities around managing data related to catastrophes.
"These events, while unpredictable, disruptive and costly, generate only a small fraction of all claims received by these carriers, and specialty technology vendors have developed specialized and effective solutions for use by carriers," according to the report.
Thirty-one per cent of respondents said they expect claim IT spending to increase in the areas of integration with third-party vendors and detection of questionable claims.
Aite Group also asked respondents which IT services vendors they "generally" use in claims and accepted multiple responses.
The second-most used supplier indicated, at 40%, was their own internal IT department, while 47% indicated Oracle Corp. In third place was Accenture, at 27%, while 20% each indicated IBM Corp., Fiserve and Ernst & Young. Eighteen other vendors were also named, by 13% or 7% of respondents.
"Given the structure and size of the research sample, the data in this report provide a good directional indication of conditions in the market," according to AITE Group.
DisclaimerNote: By submitting your comments you acknowledge that Canadian Underwriter has the right to reproduce, broadcast and publicize those comments or any part thereof in any manner whatsoever. Please note that due to the volume of e-mails we receive, not all comments will be published and those that are published will not be edited. However, all will be carefully read, considered and appreciated.
Moving Target Hardly a week goes by without news of a new cyber risk, some breach that has prompted concern over both immediate response and nagging dread over what might be the ultimate impact. While these near-constant reminders serve to keep the issue top...
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Mount Richard-Molard
Mount Richard-Molard | |
Location of Mount Nimba in Côte d'Ivoire (on borders with Guinea and Liberia) | |
Elevation | 1,752 m (5,748 ft) |
Listing | Country high point |
Location | |
Location | Côte d'Ivoire – Guinea – Liberia |
Coordinates | 7°37′21″N 8°24′20″W / 7.62250°N 8.40556°WCoordinates: 7°37′21″N 8°24′20″W / 7.62250°N 8.40556°W |
Mount Richard-Molard is a mountain along the border of Côte d'Ivoire and Guinea in West Africa. At 1,752 m (5,750 ft) it is the highest point in both nations. The mountain is the highest peak of the Nimba Range (the "Guinean Backbone"), straddling the border between the two countries and Liberia. The nearest major settlement are the town Yekepa to the west in Liberia and Bossou in Guinea.[1]
The mountain is named after the French geographer Jacques Richard-Molard, who died in an accident at the mountain site in 1951.[2] Before that it was called Mount Nouon.[3] Sometimes the term Mount Nimba, which is the name of the whole range, is used for its highest peak as well.
Since 1944 the area, excluding Liberia's portion, has been a nature reserve. Currently covering 180 km², the Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve is classified as a World Heritage Site, including both rainforest and savanna. It is a "strict" reserve, forbidding tourism.
The mountain is rich in iron ore and cobalt. There was intensive mining in the Liberian portion of the mountain until reserves were exhausted in 1989. The mix of iron-quartzite sheets, schists and granitogneiss has produced startling land formations by soil erosion.
World Heritage Status[edit]
This site was added to the UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List on 29 March 2001 in the Cultural category.[4]
See also[edit]
- ^ Colombant, Nico (30 January 2008)."Villagers Resist Environmentalists Around Guinea's Mount Nimba". Voice of America.
- ^ Westermann, Diedrich; Smith, Edwin William; Forde, Cyril Daryll (1951). Africa. Oxford University Press. p. 335. OCLC 50238863
- ^ Pugh, John Charles; Morgan, W. B. (1969). West Africa. London: Methuen. ISBN 0-416-26900-1.
- ^ Paysage culturel des monts Nimba, UNESCO World Heritage Centre. (in French)


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Adorable, but cut very very short. You could not wear these without a swimsuit bottom underneath or EVERYTHING would be on display.I had to return.
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These board shorts were exactly what I was looking for. Love the low waist and there is just the right amount of coverage in the butt without feeling like regular shorts.
like it
They are strange on the side. They are almost like a skort.
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With a reputation for making swimsuits that fit the whole body like a glove, it's no wonder where Body Glove got its name. Company founders Bill and Bob Meistrell learned the craft from experience. They were self-taught swimmers who, in the 1940s, became among the first certified scuba instructors. They have been making the finest Neoprene wetsuits under the brand name "Body Glove" since the late 1960s.
Body Glove™ relentlessly pursues advancements in wetsuit design and selection. Its current line features youth and adult wetsuits, life vests, water shoes, rash guards, and waterproof beanies. Body Glove's "Vapor Skin" suits and boardshorts are perfect to wear for surfing warm waters. The company takes prides in making its products tough enough to take on the waters of any coast.


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Five Day ForecastSet in the beautiful Sant Llorenç del Munt i l'Obac Nature Park, DoubleTree by Hilton Hotel & Conference Center La Mola provides a serene getaway, just 25 minutes from Barcelona's city center. Barcelona International Airport is only 35 minutes away. Play world-class golf five minutes from the hotel at the Royal Golf Club El Prat.
Feel welcome the moment you arrive as we greet you with a warm chocolate chip cookie on arrival. Unwind in your stylish, contemporary guest room with complimentary WiFi, work space and indulgent bathroom amenities. Upgrade to a suite for a separate living area and a balcony.
With inspiring natural surrounds, modern facilities, and a professional team, DoubleTree by Hilton Hotel & Conference Center La Mola is the perfect venue for social events, meetings, outdoor team building days and celebrations for up to 250 guests. The hotel offers complimentary WiFi and the latest AV equipment in every event space. For truly unforgettable events with meticulous service and a touch of tradition, choose the 17th Century Manor House - Mas Bonvilar.
Re-energize at Sensations Spa & Wellness Center featuring a 24-hour fitness center, heated indoor pool, chromotherapy thermal circuit, steam room and sauna. In the warmer months, swim in the outdoor pool or sip a drink on our outdoor terrace. From fine dining at L'Obac to Mediterranean favorites and informal tapas, there is a dining option to suit every occasion.


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It could also just be that the almonds are giving you too much fiber in your diet, which can lead to feelings of bloating. People often talk about not getting enough fiber, but too much fiber can...
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Fokker Services and Avisa Aviation Safety Systems have signed a co-operation agreement covering continued airworthiness and maintenance management services (CAMO).
The UK-headquartered engineering and safety consultancy will offer its support to Fokker 50, Fokker 70 and Fokker 100 operators.
According to Flightglobal's ACAS database, there are currently 383 of the out-of-production aircraft in active service, comprising 154 Fokker 50s, 45 Fokker 70s and 184 Fokker 100s.


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AT90PWM1 8-bit AVR Microcontroller With 8K Bytes In-System Programmable FlashAT90PWM1 8-bit AVR Microcontroller with 8K Bytes In-System Programmable Flash AT90PWM1 The AT90PWM1 is a low-power CMOS 8-bit Microcontroller based on the AVR enhanced RISC
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Te Pepa Whakataunga, ngā pātai
Te Pepa Whakataunga
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An Order Paper is produced for every day on which the House sits. It is similar to an agenda - it lists all the business before the House that sitting day. The House deals with daily general business items first, followed by individual 'orders of the day'. Usually the House only reaches orders of the day near the beginning of the list.
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Family holds vigil for woman killed in officer-involved shooting
UPDATED 10:30 PM EDT Aug 19, 2014An innocent woman inside an Orlando bar was struck and killed by a police officer's stray bullet early Tuesday morning, Orlando Police Chief John Mina said.
Video TranscriptRECOVERING AT HOME, LIVE IN DOWNTOWN ORLANDO, WESH2 NEWS. NEW DETAILSTAILS ARE EMERGING ABOUT THE PEOPLE INVOLVED IN THIS TRAGEDY. STEPHANIE KOLP CONTINUING OUR TEAM COVERAGE AND STEPHANIE THERE IS A SMALL MEMORIAL FOR VICTIM A THE NIGHTCLUB. THAT'S RIGHT, BRET, YOU CAN SEE A COUPLE OF BOUQUETS HERE OUTSIDE OF THE NIGHTCLUB IN HONOR OF MARIA GODINEZ CASTILLO. ACCORDING TO HER FACEBOOK PAGE SHE WAS A UCF STUDENT. WE SPOKE WITH A COUSIN OF MARIA AND AS YOU CAN IMAGINE HER LOVED ONES ARE SUFFERING FROM UNIMAGINABLE GRIEF AND THEY DIDN'T WANT TO BE INTERVIEWED. SHE TOLD US THE FAMILY HELD A PRIVATE VIG TOIL NIGHT TO MOURN AND REMEMBER HER. HER COUSIN SHARED THIS TWEET WITH US "MY BABY COUSIN WAS AT THE WRONG PLACE AT THE WRONG TIME AND HER LIFE WAS TAKEN. I LOVE YOU WITH ALL MY HEART MARIA "ON FACEBOOK A FRIEND WROTE" JUROR SUPPORTING KINDSNESS WAS ENDLESS NOT JUST TO ME BUT ANYONE WHO CROSSED PATHS WITH YOU. THIS IS TRULY THE WORST DAY OF MY LIFE. MY LIFE WILL NEVER BE THE SAME "WE LOOKED INTO THE CRIMINAL HISTORY OF THE SUSPECT, 23-YEAR-OLD CODY ROACH WHO POLICE SAY STARTED THE SHOOTING. AND WE FOUND HE HAS BEEN IN TROUBLE WITH THE LAW BEFORE. HE WAS ARRESTED AND N2009 IN SEMINOLE COUNTY ON SEVEN DIFFERENT CHARGES, INCLUDING BATTERY ON A LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER, GRAND THEFT AND BURGLARY. NOW THE POLICE CHIEF SAYS THERE IS NO INDICATION ROACH FIRED HIS GUN IN THIS INCIDENT AT ALL, BUT
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Available for Rossi d'Providence:
Born Robert J. Rossi in 1938 in Providence, Rhode Island, he began signing his works as Rossi d'Providence after 1971. He paints in oil only-realist and abstract works but does not sell his art publicly. Rossi has produced tens of thousands of oil paintings all of his life. He rarely stretches his canvases on wood stretchers and never frames them except on rare occasions. He gives most of his works to friends and acquaintances. Many times he has disposed rolls of (showing 500 of 1237 characters).


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Shining Star of the World Wide Web is Coming to JSU |
JACKSONVILLE -- September 10, 2002 --
Peter Blakeney, one of the Internet's original "shining stars," is coming
to JSU. Peter's vision helped shape the look and feel of
the World Wide Web. He will be speaking at 1 p.m. on Thursday, September
19, in Merrill Building Auditorium on the first
floor of Merrill Hall. Peter's talk should be of interest to all students or faculty in the College of Commerce and Business Administration. But students in the Arts (and particularly Design) would find his talk interesting as well. Peter is formerly Global Design Services Executive for IBM. A brief biographical statement follows. Please encourage students to attend. PETER B. BLAKENEY - BIO firstname.lastname@example.com PROFILE - MANAGEMENT CONSULTANT, CREATIVE TECHNOLOGY Futurist, Subject Matter Expert, Visionary Peter Blakeney is a pioneer interpreting the vision and harnessing the synergy of both multimedia and Internet applications to enhance business performance. An early innovator in the interactive media arena, he founded the IBM Interactive Design Studio growing to an international force of 450 members (graphic and information designers, content strategists and developers, animators and modelers, illustrators, videographers, compression artists, audio designers and creative technical artists). Using a variety of platforms (internet, web sites, kiosks, CD-ROM, Video, printed marketing collateral), he has helped clients increase revenues and bottom line profit margins. Considered to be an interactive "guru," he is often sought by the media for his insight and perspective on emerging Internet application trends. |
© Copyright 2002: Jacksonville State University | Pagemaster |


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Boxing Champions | Boxing Schedule | Boxing Video | Boxing History | Pound For Pound | Lounge | The Wire | Audio | Arcade |
Big Bad Booty Daddy Join Date: Sep 2003
Location: New York
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Comments Thread For: Tomasz Adamek is Bulking Up For Possible March Return
Former two division champion Tomasz Adamek (44-2, 28KOs) is bulking up for a possible ring return in March 2012. The Polish superstar is training very hard with Roger Bloodworth and looking to come back strong from September's technical knockout loss to WBC heavyweight champion Vitali Klitschko. Adamek, a former light heavyweight and cruiserweight champion, has added some muscle to his heavyweight frame. He usually weighs around 215-217-pounds for his heavyweight bouts, but now he's around 224-225-pounds.
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Assisted Reproduction and Gynaecology Centre
13 Upper Wimpole Street
London, W1G 6LP
Tel: +44 (0)20 7486 1230
Right from our beginning in 1995, we had an innovative approach. Now many of the techniques and protocols we used at the start have become standard in other clinics. Read more about our ethos of a truly comprehensive and personalised service which brings top results.
read moreARGC has opened a satellite clinic in Oxford (Oxford Business Park South) in January 2013. This will enable ARGC clients (following their initial consultation in London) to have some of their daily blood tests and scans done in the peaceful city of the spires, rather than journey into London every day. No congestion zone, no parking fees!
read moreLeading health resort Champneys Tring, has teamed up with ARGC, offering patients the opportunity of having part of their monitoring phase of treatment (following their initial consultation in London) to be undertaken at this exclsuive resort. This service will be provided at no additional charge.
read moreZJ was diagnosed with 'unexplained infertility' by another clinic, and after four years of trying for a baby was told there was no hope. She decided IVF with the ARGC was her last resort – and after one attempt she was pregnant with baby girl.
read moreBook an appointment
Book an appointment – The ARGC predominately caters for women who have had previous unsuccessful attempts at IVF, and those with complex cases. However we also successfully treat women with more straightforward issues who simply want the best chance of successful treatment regardless of location.
Click to book
Alternatively if you are considering treatment at ARGC and would like to
speak to someone personally, please contact our new patient enquiry line -
Tel +44(0)20 7486 1779


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Research Overview
PM&R residents have the opportunity to participate in structured, supervised research with PM&R faculty, as well as collaborate with faculty from other departments and institutions. In fact, it is a requirement for graduation from the PM&R residency program to successfully complete a final research or clinical case study report which is approved by the physician advisor, the Research Committee and the Department Chair. Each of our residents have completed research projects in various topics, including the effectiveness of different styles of didactic teaching, biphosphonate therapy for osteoporosis, and neurogenic cramp disorder misdiagnosed as fibromyalgia, to name a few. Most of our residents present their research at national PM&R meetings. In addition, Dr. Marcia Scherer provides residents with manuscripts to review that are submitted to the journal Disability and Rehabilitation to teach research design and the review process. She and other faculty facilitate residents' evaluation of the manuscripts.
Each year in June we hold a Research Day event where every resident has the opportunity to present his or her research to the faculty and their peers. We enrich this experience for the residents by inviting nationally known visiting PM&R faculty who are active in research to attend our Research Day. The visiting faculty give the residents valuable constructive feedback regarding their research endeavors.


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1st Annual Skirt Flirt: All female bands or fronted bands.
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Breathing Life into History |
Call Danny on 01335 350536 to discuss your requirements or make a booking. Alternatively, e-mail him at firstname.lastname@example.com Forthcoming Open events.............. Click here for details
This business was partly financed by the New Environmental Economy Programme, a grant scheme funded by the European Regional Development Fund and managed by the Peak District National Park Authority. |