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This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
Hand disinfection with alcohols-based hand rubs (ABHRs) are known to be the most effective measure to prevent nosocomial infections in healthcare. ABHRs contain on average 70% by weight of one or more alcohols. During the hand rubbing procedure, users are exposed to these alcohols not only through dermal contact, but also via inhalation, due to the physical and chemical properties of alcohols volatilizing from alcoholic solutions or gels into the air. Ethanol ingestion is well known to increase risks of several diseases (affecting the pancreas, liver, cardiovascular system…), but there is a lack of knowledge about the effects of exposure to other alcohols (including
The effect of hand hygiene interventions on rates of gastrointestinal and respiratory illnesses is well known. Moreover, hand hygiene is the simplest and most effective measure to reduce hospital-acquired infections [
It is well documented that chronic alcohol ingestion is correlated with an increased risk of cardiovascular, pancreas or liver diseases, and psychological disorders [
Contrary to alcohol ingestion, there is limited data regarding inhalation and dermal exposure to alcohol. Given the health effects of alcohol ingestion, it can be assumed that alcohol absorption throughout inhalation and in a lesser extent via dermal contact might induce the same health negative effects in the long term. Kramer
The concept of using alcohol for hand antisepsis seems to have appeared in the early 19th century. In the 1890s and early 1900s, the germicidal activity of alcohol was demonstrated and it was proposed for use as a skin disinfectant [
Ethanol is used almost equally in the formulation of the four categories of ABHRs, depending on the number of alcohols (one, two, three or four). Isopropanol is mainly used in the single alcohol category. Other active ingredients, such as chlorhexidine or triclosan may be added to ensure a residual antimicrobial activity [
Intentional alcohol intake defines the consumption of alcoholic beverages, used in many societies for many purposes. Alcohol consumption is related to a wide range of physical, mental and social harms. As shown in
Intoxication is an acute disease listed in the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10), and occurring after ingestion of a large amount of alcoholic beverages in a limited period of time [
Alcohol dependence has been classified in the 9th revision of the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-9) as a mental disorder. The action of alcohol on the brain induces complex changes in brain chemistry and lead to neuroadaptation, increasing alcohol tolerance [
The biochemical effects of alcohol seem to influence chronic disease in harmful ways [
Alcohols, as chemical substances, are widely used as solvents in the paint, adhesive, varnish, ink, cosmetic and perfume industry, and as disinfectants in cleaning products. Few studies have focused on occupational exposure to alcohols [
During the 1950s and 1960s; floor layers used to handle between 20 and 30 L per day of alcohol-based glues [
Cumulative occupational and home exposures to well-known irritants, such as isopropyl alcohol, can cause respiratory system irritations. Tonini
Some healthcare workers have complained of an unpleasant smell associated with the use of alcohol-based products use like ABHRs [
The CDC hands hygiene guidelines have reported that an average of five hand rubs per shift to as many as 30 hand rubs per shift are carried out per health care worker [
ABHR users are exposed to alcohols via inhalation and dermal route. Alcohols are volatile organic oxygenated species, water soluble, and highly mobile. A schematic diagram of alcohol absorption, distribution, metabolization and excretion pathways is shown in
Absorbed alcohols are widely diffused throughout the organism due to their high water solubility and are rapidly distributed into highly vascular organs such as brain and liver. Alcohols are eliminated from the body mainly by metabolism. A small amount is excreted in unmetabolized form in urine, sweat and breath (2%–5%) [
Alcohols are metabolized in the liver via two different pathways: the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) pathway located in the cytosol of hepatocytes, and the microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS; CYP2E1) pathway located on the endoplasmic reticulum [
Alcohols have low acute toxicity by all routes of exposure. The critical effect is the irritation of respiratory system, eyes, and mucous membranes. Higher concentrations may cause central nervous system effects including dizziness, nausea, hypotension, and hypothermia. Through inhalation and dermal contact, IARC has classified isopropanol in Group 3 (inadequate evidence for carcinogenicity to humans), whereas
On the basis of eye, nose and throat irritation, the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) has recommended a threshold limit value of 1,000 ppm, 200 ppm and 400 ppm for ethanol,
These studies on blood ethanol concentrations resulting from intensive hand rub applications over a limited period of time [
Finally, a simple theoretical mass balance calculation of isopropanol during hand rubbing can be considered, as proposed by Kramer
Ingestion of alcohol (ethanol) is well known to cause adverse health effects such as liver cirrhosis, fetal alcohol syndrome and cancer, but there is no evidence to suggest intoxication or dependence could occur with use of ABHRs. The only issue of passive alcoholization would relate to its biochemical effects. In addition, the use of ABHRs in healthcare settings as part of a hand hygiene program has a definable, clear-cut value, while the questions being raised in this article are preliminary and the answers are far from being settled.
In a context of an increased use of ABHRs, the issue of exposure to alcohols mainly via inhalation but also through dermal absorption should be considered to determine how safe air is. Despite the existence of a few studies, there is a general lack of knowledge about alcohol, especially
Breakdown of the different ABHR formulations. Data from SFHH [
Overview of alcohol-related harmful mechanisms (adapted from Rehm
Alcohol absorption, distribution, metabolization, and excretion pathways.
Physical and chemical properties of alcohols used in ABHR formulation.
Ethanol | 46.07 | CH3-CH2OH | Fully miscible | 5 × 10−6 |
60.1 | CH3-CH2-CH2OH | Fully miscible | 7.41 × 10−6 | |
Isopropanol | 60.1 | CH3-CH2OH-CH3 | Fully miscible | 8.10 × 10−6 |
Aminomethylpropanol | 89.14 | CH3-C(CH3)(NH2)-CH2OH | Fully miscible | 6.48 × 10−10 |
Benzylalcohol | 108.14 | Ph-CH2OH | 42.9 | 3.37 × 10−7 |
Phenoxyethanol | 138.17 | Ph-O-CH2-CH2OH | 26,700 | 4.72 × 10−8 |
Distribution of alcohols, in percentage (%), among different formulations: single (1), two (2), three (3), and four (4) alcohol-based hand rubs. Data from SFHH [
Ethanol | 25% | 46% | 29% | 25% | 39% |
n-Propanol | 6% | 9% | 0% | 25% | 8% |
Isopropanol | 71% | 39% | 21% | 25% | 40% |
Aminomethylpropanol | 0% | 0% | 14% | 0% | 2% |
Benzyl alcohol | 0% | 0% | 7% | 0% | 1% |
Phenoxyethanol | 0% | 6% | 29% | 25% | 9% |
Summary of the main chronic diseases link to alcohol consumption.
Liver cirrhosis | [ |
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) | [ |
Cancer | [ |
Cardiovascular disorders | [ |
Neurological disorders | [ |
Recommended alcohol occupational exposure limit values.
Ethanol | France | 1,000 | 1,950 | 5,000 | 9,500 |
United States | 1,000 | 1,950 | ND | ND | |
France | 200 | 500 | ND | ND | |
United States | 200 | 500 | 250 | 625 | |
Isopropanol | France | 400 | 980 | ND | ND |
United States | 400 | 980 | 500 | 1,225 |
ND: no data; TWA: time-weighted average; STEL: short-term exposure limit.


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A close friend and former staffer to Ted Kennedy who has the Kennedy family's backing is expected to be announced to succeed the fallen liberal lion in the Senate tomorrow. Paul Kirk has said he would keep Kennedy's staff. The Massachusetts state legislature voted yesterday to allow Governor Deval Patrick to appoint an interim senator until the special election in January. Kirk, a former DNC chair, has indicated he would try to vote the way his predecessor would have. [Major Garrett/Twitter, Boston Herald]
Paul Kirk Expected to Be Named to Replace Ted Kennedy Tomorrow
He says he'll pretty much do what Kennedy would have done.

subset: commoncrawl


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On Monday 5th of March, 2012, the 13th European Independent Winegrowers Trade Fair will take place at the CNIT in Paris.
Access to the fair is free and reserved exclusively to French and international professionals.
The exhibition will take place from 10 am to 7 pm. A buffet lunch will be at your disposal between 1 pm and 2 pm.
Map of the fair
Information available soon.
Access map
Download access map to the CNIT
If you need help to organize your journey, please contact us.
Novotel Paris la Défense 2 bd de Neuilly Paris la Défense
01.47.45.23.23 Sophie Descombin
Website : www.novotel.com
Double room from 109 (breakfast included)
Hotel Ibis Paris la Défense Centre 4 bd de Neuilly Paris la Défense
Website : www.ibishotel.com
Standard Room: 89,33 (breakfast: 8/day/person)
Sofitel Paris la Défense 34 cours Michelet Paris la Défense
Website : www.sofitel.com
Email : firstname.lastname@example.com
Double room from 172,20 (breakfast included)


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Research was undertaken in the indigenous tussock grasslands of South Island of New Zealand in order to quantify past rates of conversion to agricultural land use and to develop vulnerability models to predict future conversion spatially and temporally. The study area was delineated using the median spectral reflectance of indigenous grasslands and included the largest extent of unprotected contiguous grasslands concentrated in the central South Island. Conversion from indigenous grasslands to a non-indigenous cover was quantified by comparative mapping over three intervals (1840-1990, 1990-2001, and 2001-2008). The basic premise in using satellite imagery to detect changes in land-use/cover is that these are revealed by changes in spectral signature. However, New Zealand's indigenous and non-indigenous grasslands have overlapping spectral trajectories and high inter-annual variability, therefore contextual information was needed in order accurately map conversion from indigenous grassland cover to exotic pasture.
Within the study area around the time of European settlement (1840) there were approximately 3.3 million hectares of indigenous grasslands. Between 1840 and 1990 around 1 million hectares of indigenous grasslands were converted to a non-indigenous cover. The extent of conversion during the preceding time period (1990-2008) was approximately 71,261 ha, of which 72% was converted to pasture and cropland and the remaining 28% to mining, urban settlements and exotic forestry. Although the overall rate of grassland conversion decreased relative to the period of European settlement and 1990, the proportion of remaining indigenous grasslands converted each year increased. Almost two-thirds of post-1990 conversion has occurred in environments with less than 30% indigenous cover remaining, and much is in land classified as non-arable with moderate to extreme limitations to crop, pasture and forestry growth.
To assess the relative vulnerability of remaining areas of indigenous grassland to intensive land use (mainly intensive pasture production but also exotic conifer plantations, urban use and mining), spatial predictions using Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) were used to establish relationships between two different types of dependent (response) variables (presence or absence of conversion) and potential environmental and proxy socio-economic explanatory variables. The chosen predictors for the final model were used to map conversion probabilities in geographic space. The selected GAMs showed the mean probability of conversion in remaining indigenous grasslands was 0.15 and the mean area of conversion was 116 ha. Habitat that was most vulnerable to conversion was at moderate elevations and on medium slopes, and had previously been classified as being of low suitability for production.
To interpret the regression models, plots of the partial response curves resulting from the model, and overall contributions of variables to the model, were used. The most important explanatory variables for predicting the probability of conversion in order of 'alone contribution (the potential for each variable alone to explain conversion) was slope, rainfall, land tenure, distance to roads, proximity to existing agricultural, regional council, and mean annual temperature. Interpretation of the GAMs showed that conversion was negatively related to: slope, rainfall and distance roads; positively related to mean annual temperature; higher in the Otago and Canterbury regions and on privately owned or recently privatized lands, and peaked at intermediate proximity to roads.
The prediction of the probability of conversion model was cross-validated both spatially and temporally. Temporal cross-validation compared predicted probabilities of conversion against reference maps of observed 'current' conversion. Spatial cross-validation evaluated model discrimination between 'converted' and 'not converted'. Temporal and spatial performance was measured using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC), a graphical plot of the true positive rate (sensitivity) as a function of the false positive (1-specificity) for different probability thresholds. For temporal cross-validation there was high correlation between 'predicted' and 'observed' (ROC = 0.913), and for spatial validation the relationship between the fitted and observed was also high (ROC= 0.921), indicating there was good discrimination between 'converted' and 'not converted'.
Integrating validated estimates of the probability of conversion (vulnerability) into conservation planning tools is an important component of conservation planning. Comparison of conservation prioritisation outputs with validated estimates of vulnerability of New Zealand's indigenous grasslands showed variable effectiveness of vulnerability surrogates; one surrogate performed most poorly where vulnerability of grasslands to conversion was greatest and realized probability of protection was lowest. Furthermore, estimates of vulnerability using surrogates underestimated vulnerability on flat land that was closer to roads and overestimated areas on steeper land that was topographically invulnerable to conversion.
There is an increased disparity between patterns of protection and patterns of conversion indicating that existing conservation planning tools are not effectively targeting the most vulnerable areas of remaining indigenous grasslands. An up-to-date validated vulnerability assessment offered a practical and a responsive technical bridge for the gap between science and implementation. This approach can be applied more widely to provide national models of vulnerability from representative samples of conversion.


text: The Blatt Group Do it right.Mind the details.Make it count.Choose Blatt. Safety-first.Sustainability.Sound solutions.Blatt strong.Big jobs.Medium jobs.Small jobs.Blatt doesthem all.Stuff breaks down.Downtime = money.Yea we can fix it.Blatt Group! Know-how.Experience.Dedication.Go Blatt! We're the Blatt Group-General and Facility Maintenance Contractors We design, build, remodel, excavate, rig, truck fabricate, concrete, paint, maintain, replace, machine, install, relocate all kinds of stuff… +more Blatt Construction Let us handle it. No industrial, commercial or residential building project job is too small for the Blatt Group team. +more Blatt Welding & Fabrication Our pride shows. From making complex steel components/CNC cutting to our welding and fabrication expertise. +more Blatt's industrial Services We do it all. From industrial cleaning to having an on-site 24/7 management team handle your housekeeping. +more The Blatt Group takes pride in being a different, innovative, family-owned and operated business. We are dedicated, ethical, experienced and service-oriented individuals. We are proud of the work we have done for our clients and equally proud of the pioneering contributions we have made to construction. +more No challenge too big for our team! Many loyal, long-time customers! Over 25 years of experience! Maintenance, safety best-practice audits! Customized solutions for all projects!


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Tags: channel, collab, leakycon
i would definitely :)
i have one friend going but knowing more people is definitely a plus.
This would be AWESOME, I'm ending a collab channel of my own in a little while and I'm going to LeakyCon.
I am going with one friend and seeing a couple people but I would love to do this, I'm 14... :D Also this is a little wierd but my mom is SUPER overprotective and she made me "change" my name on the internet, and it's Shannon, I know that's wierd but...
Not that weird if you grew up without the Internet. For almost 10 years I refused to give my real name on the Internet, it was just how I grew up, not so much my parents.
Isn't at bazaarly strange how a simple half generational gap can make people so different. I'm very different from my sister who is 7 years my junior. Just how it is.
Yeah, definitely.
Uhm, I'll message you my link.
Still looking for people or are you all sorted?
I'd prob be a bit old mind, 23 in March.
Here are some links to help spread the awesome:
Here are some YT links to channels related to Nerdfighteria and educational content!
*Can you think of any more? Pass along any suggestions to an Admin who will then add it to this list should it fit!
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Results 1 to 5 of 9
Thread: Can't delete names from lists
May 20th, 2013 10:23 AM #1
Can't delete names from lists
I click "Edit", delete the names I don't want to see any more, click "save", refresh, and all the names I deleted are back again. Very frustrating! Is there something I'm missing? I just want to be able to edit my lists.
Two small people, Mila Arden and Cato Bennett.
All done but still dreaming of
Atlas Bram, Abel Octavian, Abel Roscoe
Lyra Blythe, Delphi Winter, Elowen Sage, Inka Blythe
May 20th, 2013 11:10 AM #3Senior Member
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May 20th, 2013 11:59 AM #5Member
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Uhm there's nothing we can do other than "leave them be"... that came out kinda rude, honestly.
May 20th, 2013 12:14 PM #7Senior Member
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Pardon? What exactly is rude about advising someone to not work on their list when the updates won't be saved?
[FONT=Palatino Linotype][CENTER]My darling Marian Illyria Aphrodite, March 2013 & Little Bunny (a girl!) due 9th of February 2014[/CENTER][/FONT]
May 20th, 2013 01:01 PM #9Senior Member
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Quick View
Aged Manchego
Perhaps Spain's most famous cheese, Manchego is a D.O. (Denominacion de Origen) protected cheese, meaning the traditional recipe must use 100% Manchega sheep milk. The breed has proven sturdy enough over the centuries to traverse the rocky, arid central plateau region of La Mancha – where cows just can't hang. Read More -
Cave Aged
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Pyrenees Brebis
The first cheese we called ''compulsively edible,'' and still the best. Once you pop, you can't stop. Read More -
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Cellars at Jasper Hill
HarbisonThe baby of the Jasper Hill family, born from the marriage between Winnemere and Moses Sleeper. A cradle of spruce bark imparts a pine-y flavor to the oozy, floral paste. Read More -
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Cabra Romero
What happens when you take a young and springy Spanish goat cheese and add a thick layer of Rosemary to the rind? You end up with the herbaceous treat that is Cabra Romero! Read More -
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Quadrello di Bufala
Something old-7th century Italian cheese. Something new-Quadrello, not mozzarella. Something borrowed-Taleggio recipe. Somethingbuffalo? Creamy-sweet paste with washed rind funk. Read More - Cave Aged Quick View
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Queso Idiazabal
I love your animal nature, you gamy raw sheep milk cheese. Traditionally made in the Basque country, young wheels were hung in fireplaces to pick up a little smokiness. Read More -
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Casatica di Bufala
Unbelievably rich and sweet milk makes for a zaftig, custardy little beauty, barely restrained by its bloomy rind. Get out of my dreams and onto my cheese board. Read More - Quick View


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On behalf of Henning Larsen, architect Troels Troelsen received the Praemium Imperiale 2012. The award was given by His Imperial Highness Prince Hitachi at a galla in Tokyo on October 23rd.
The Praemium Imperiale is one of the world's most prestigious global arts awards, and is often referred to as the equivalent of the Nobel Prize in the arts. The Praemium Imperiale has been awarded to a number of the most distinguished and influential artists of the late 20th and early 21st century. The prize was founded by Japan's oldest cultural organisation, the Japan Art Association.
Henning Larsen is the first Nordic artist to receive the Praemium Imperiale, which was first awarded in 1989. Today, the prize remains one of the most prestigious global recognitions in the arts. The prize recognises outstanding achievements in five categories representing the major arts – Painting, Sculpture, Architecture, Music and Theatre/Film.
Extract from the Prize Committee's citation in awarding the 2012 award in architecture to Henning Larsen: "Light seems to fall from the ceiling and windows, reflecting off the floors and walls, filling the space sublimely; these minutely calculated lighting effects are one of the greatest characteristics of Henning Larsen's architecture."
In 2011, the Praemium Imperiale was awarded to the Mexican architect Ricardo Legorreta. Previous Laureates in architecture include Jean Nouvel, Renzo Piano, Rem Koolhaas, Norman Foster, Peter Zumthor, Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron.
In the remaining categories, the 2012 Praemium Imperiale is presented to the Chinese artist Cai Guo-Qiang, the Italian sculptor Cecco Bonanotte, the American composer Philip Glass and the Japanese ballet dancer Yoko Morishita.
Photo 1-2: The Japan Art Association/The Sankei Shimbun.
Photo 3: Agnete Schkichtkrull.
Please find more information about the Praemium Imperiale: www.praemiumimperiale.org/
24.04.2015 Daniel Baumann named one of Denmark's top 100 new talents
23.04.2015 Symposium on tall buildings in Scandinavia
22.04.2015 Gøteborg City Gate: New high rise in Gothenburg
22.04.2015 Cathedral of Music: Harpa
20.04.2015 Competition for the New National Gallery and Ludwig Museum, Liget Budapest


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Croatian Backroads
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Joined: Jun 2008
Location: Brandon, Manitoba, Canada
Oddometer: 116
Remembering Croatia
Greetings from the centre of Canada. I really enjoyed your RR. I must visit your country...again.
I was in Croatia in 1992 and 1994 did just over a year and got to experience the sad civil war first hand. The Bulcan's had in those day's an interesting feel to it...You see I was part of UNPROFOR but, that's in the past for me.
I got to party hard in Split and Macarska (unsure of actual spelling). Our leave centre (a hotel) was next door to one of the Croatian army veterans hosptials and seeing those busted up soldiers still holding their chins up with pride was very cool.
When you come from the interior to the coast it's is a transformation in climate, cars, & roads. I loved the happy moments we had and there were a few. Your pictures tell of the beauty and rich history that neck of the woods for all.
I recall there were camping areas all over the place in the interior, a little run down at that time (they had more pressing matters to attend to) but thought..someday I'd come back one day and stay at a few.
Thank you for rekindleing my disire to return.
PS: Do they still drive those rototiller-wagons with no lights and long handlebars. We almost took out a few on those back country roads in our APC's..You have to post a picture or two of those machines.
Crazy times.. Cheers
A20 "Lime Ricky"
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Contact Us | Jobs
Downtown Milwaukee | Mequon | Oak Creek | West Allis
Monday – April 20, 2015
March 2011
Employing effective teaching methods and studying the way the brain develops have long been important to Toshiba Adams, instructor and instructional chair for MATC's Early Childhood Education Associate Degree program. Adams also is the curriculum coordinator for MATC's Educational Research and Dissemination (ER&D) department, helping to develop and coordinate classes on teaching and the use of new technology in the classroom for MATC instructors. ER&D is a professional development initiative sponsored by MATC and the American Federation of Teachers Local 212.
She juggles her jobs as curriculum coordinator, instructor and instructional chair along with being a mother to two teenagers. "The days fly by," she said. "It never feels like work to me because I'm doing what I enjoy. I don't know how I'll ever retire. I get a good feeling about what I do each day, so I rest easy at night."
Her devotion to developing the mind began 15 years ago when she gave birth to her son. She decided to open a day care center so she would not have to leave him each day to go to work. "I so desperately wanted to be there for him," Adams said. "I couldn't bear to pass him over so someone else could take care of him during the days."
In collaboration with Head Start, she opened her day care center. "I love being able to help young people grow and develop," she said. "Healthy development as a child can impact your whole life. What you do in the first couple years is so important."
Adams went on to study early childhood education, earning a master's degree from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. Adams taught at UWM and for community-based organizations until she was offered a position teaching at MATC six years ago.
Toshiba Adams
Toshiba Adams works with Brian Moran, MATC culinary arts instructor, in the Faculty Innovation Center.
"I think MATC is an awesome college. Every semester, I learn something new about what the college offers." -- Toshiba Adams


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Carl's latest:
Fantastic! Awesome!
And a bonus strip by Southtown's editor: Number 11.
Carl's latest:
Fantastic! Awesome!
And a bonus strip by Southtown's editor: Number 11.
The White Sox first reality show episode will feature an inside look at the team's front office as they discussed the pros and cons of offering designed hitter Jim Thome a 2010 contract. Featured in the episode are general manager Kenny Williams, and assistant general manager Rick Hahn. …
The 2nd episode will be on Jerry Reinsdorf having lunch with Bud Selig.
Graham @ LL. Per 600 PAs:
C: +12.5 runs
SS: +7.5 runs
2B, 3B, CF: 2.5 runs
LF, RF: -7.5 runs
1B: -12.5 runs
DH: -17.5 runs
More sabermetric concept explanations here.
In 2009 MLB had a record $6.6 billion in revenues. In 2008 MLB revenues were $6.5 billion.
The NBA was $400 million in the red in 2009. The NFL revenues were $7.6 billion and the NHL revenues were $2.6 billion in 2009.
UPDATE: MLB's revenue-sharing (big clubs to small clubs) for 2009 was $433 million.
Chicago W- 82
Minnesota- 82
Detroit- 81
Cleveland- 73
Kansas City- 71
All it would take is one brief look at a sheet of paper located in the coaches' office at Camelback Ranch for Don Cooper to lay out the full Cactus League work schedule for his starting five.
The group of Mark Buehrle, Jake Peavy, Gavin Floyd, John Danks and Freddy Garcia is so crucial to the team's success that they will stay as close to on schedule as humanly possible.
"I really could tell you the whole Spring Training, if nobody gets hurt," said Cooper, sitting in his golf cart and watching workouts on Thursday. "We have some split-squad games, and we might have some 'B' games. You never know. Maybe Charlie Leesman or [Daniel] Hudson or [Carlos] Torres or [Daniel] Cabrera will get a start there, in those situations.
"Otherwise, our starting pitchers will be doing all the starting." …
[Daniel] Cabrera will have to harness his wildness to have any shot of making the Sox's bullpen.
"I want him to worry about one pitch," manager Ozzie Guillen said. "Fastball right in the middle of the plate and then take care of the rest. I don't see why this kid with that kind of arm is bouncing around all over the place.
"Maybe too much coaching. Maybe trying to be perfect. Too much stuff. Here, our philosophy is throw as hard as you can, try to hit the middle of the plate and go for it."
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First we need an intensive discussion before start fermenting food to alcohol
I just read an interesting article from "The Ecologist" – I think we really should look to the facts and scientific basics first.
Biofuels - facts and fiction
Mark Anslow
The Ecologist, 19/02/2007
It is very interesting that besides the questionable energy balances the economic gains of biofuels depend heavily on subsidies.
So there is also a need to discuss perverse subsidies in relation to biofuels and biodiversity. (I think, if subsidies in the agro- and/or natural resource sector really could be called 'perverse' it is also in relation to biofuels.);
(AD perverse subsidies:
And there are also critical voices within the agricultural world like the Canadian NFU Director of Research , Darrin Qualman. He points out in an article, 'Biodiesel and ethanol can't fuel this civilization'
Thus as a solution:
1. We should stopp to transform food into fuel, just because it makes economic sense in the short run, or because it just fits into the political strategies of the western world.
Just take out the energy intensive inputs like nitrogen fertilizers from agricultural production (use fertilizer taxes) and the so called food surpluses will diminish and a lot more energy could be saved. (Why don#t we discuss strong energy taxes as an economic incentive to reach energy efficiency??? Hypothesis: The global trade of permits will lead to an unjust global distribution; and this will have consequences.)
2. If we need energy from natural resources we should use wood or cellulose plants and we should plant them on land which is not favourable for food-production. "USE WOOD not FOOD for ENERGY and RAW MATERIALS".
3. Still we have to keep in mind that natural resources are also very limited; more limited than fossil fuels.
It is an absolute waste and destruction of nature and biodiversity to use the energy of plants to move around our heavy cars – hundreds of millions and in future may be billions of cars.
We should know: The car industry and the fuel industry in the actual form have to die and they must be transformed into other concepts of mobility and into other concepts of life on a low energy level.
And we should keep in mind that we do not have too many people on this earth, but too many cars made of heavy steel. If we do not accept this knowledge, we never will get rid of the global hunger crisis (850 million people), wars on resources, terrorism and the destruction of the global ecosystems.
Josef Hoppichler,
(Federal Institute for Less-Favoured and Mountainous Areas, Viennna
- Austria)
posted on 2007-02-26 11:50 UTC by Dr Josef Hoppichler, Federal Ministry for Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management
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The story of Garabed Tellalian and Haiganoush Yemenedjian is but one of countless numbers of untold stories about Armenians who survived the massacres by the Turks in 1914. Garabed was from Kayseri and Haiganoush from nearby Nigde. He escaped to Argentina and she survived the death march through the deserts of Turkey and Syria.
Garabed arrived in New York City in 1916, registered for U.S. military service in 1917, worked hard and finally in 1921 was able to send for his family. His mother Gohar, his brother Abraham with his wife Guli and son Hagop brought with them aboard the ship King Alexander, a young bride for Garabed. Haiganoush met Garabed for the first time at the pier in New York City in February of 1921. They were married on April 3, 1921.
Haiganoush Yemenedjian Tellalian, educated in Nigde Turkey, was proficient in Armenian, Turkish, Arabic and English. After a nine¥month struggle through the deserts of Der el Zor, she and the surviving members of her family sought refuge in Damascus, Syria.
To support the family, she secured a job translating at the Syrian Immigration Bureau. After her arrival to the United States, realizing the importance of knowing English, in 1924, she organized q group of Armenian immigrants to study English in a program sponsored by the "Emergency Committee on Education of NonSpeaking Women" in New York City.
Below Left: A partial section from the "Learning to be American" display at Ellis Island.
Below Right: "Everyone Is Not Here." In 1928 the Tellalian family moved from Manhattan to the suburbs in Astoria, Long Island, New York. Left to Right: Gohar, Garabed, Haiganoush and her mother Mariam Kouyoumjian Yemenedjiana and Garabed Lachinian (front), Haiganoush's nephew.
A notice dated August 7, 1917 for Garabed to appear before the Local Draft Board for a physical examination. He was consequently called for induction to serve in the military on November 11, 1918. He was told to go home because the Great War had ended.


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America's Beautiful National Parks Quarter Dollar Coin Act of 2008
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Step 1
The United States Mint will initiate the site selection process by contacting the chief executive of each host jurisdiction (State/District of Columbia/Territory) through a formal letter of request to identify one preferred and three ranked alternative national sites in his or her jurisdiction. The United States Mint will provide resources and access to lists of applicable national sites to each chief executive. National sites for consideration include any site under the supervision, management, or conservancy of the National Park Service, the United States Forest Service, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, or any similar department or agency of the Federal government.
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With due consideration to the requirement that the national site chosen for each host jurisdiction shall be the most appropriate in terms of natural and historic significance, and after giving full and thoughtful consideration to national sites that are not under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of the Interior, the chief executive will provide the United States Mint his or her recommendation for the national site to be honored on the respective quarter, as well as three recommended alternative national sites in order of preference.
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Learn how.


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In classic Hollywood movie scenes where a ship
is at sea and in grave danger, it's cliché to hear the Captain yell in
desperation, "Everyman for himself." While this desperate behavior often
happens on the big screen, it's also still playing itself out in the real world
of business, and in particular, with many salespeople. Poor leadership, sinking
morale, and lack of concern when dealing with customers is costing
organizations thousands of lost opportunities each day to win new sales, along
with referrals and positive word-of-mouth.
1. The Law of Value
2. The Law of
3. The Law of Influence
4. The Law of Authenticity
5. The Law of Receptivity


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Peer-to-Peer Benchmarking Home
What Is Expected of You
Team Members
Materials Requirements
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Submit Materials
Peer-to-Peer Benchmarking Team Members
Each team member has been selected based on program performance and personal expertise in business incubation. All were recommended by TVA, ARC and their peers. Team members will be assigned to conduct your review based on distance, incubator type and availability.
Mr. Wayne Barz Manager of Entrepreneurial Services Ben Franklin TechVentures 115 Research Drive Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
Mr. Russell Combs Executive Director Erie Technology Incubator 130 W. Eighth Street Erie, Pennsylvania 16501
Mr. Jeffrey Corcoran Applied Success Consulting 10504 Creek Rd Forestville, New York 14062
Ms. Kathryn Foster Director of Small Business and Entrepreneurship Chattanooga/Hamilton County Business Development Center Chattanooga Chamber of Commerce 100 Cherokee Boulevard Chattanooga, Tennessee 37405
Ms. Lisa Ison Partner The ONE O2 Institute 102 Campbell Ave S.W. Historic State & City Bldg. Roanoke, Virginia 24011
Mr. Giles McDaniel Executive Director Shoals Entrepreneurial Center 3115 Northington Court Florence, Alabama 35630
Mr. Devron Veasley Director Bessemer Business Incubation System 1020 Ninth Avenue Southwest Bessemer, Alabama 35022
Ms. Mildred Walters Executive Director Nashville Business Incubation Center 315 Tenth Avenue North Nashville, Tennessee 37203


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This blog covers everything except sports and gardening, unless we find a really good link about using dead professional bowlers for mulch. The author is a StarTribune columnist, has been passing off fiction and hyperbole as insight since 1997, has run his own website since the Jurassic era of AOL, and was online when today's college sophomores were a year away from being born. So get off his lawn.
If you regard a computer as nothing more than a box that can get you on Facebook to check out videos of cats jumping up and falling off tables, then this will seem very silly. If you can name every computer you ever owned like some people remember cars ("I had a Quadra 660 A/V tricked out with a passive telephony GeoPort modem; that baby could do zero to 300 baud in seven seconds") then you will understand.
First Tech's a long-time Apple computer store in Uptown, and they're closing their doors. When I read the news I thought: got my first Mac there. Fred sold it to me 28 years ago. What are the chances he's still there?
Walked into the store with a yellowed Mac Plus from the Reagan years, and got some looks: Bringing in a 1986 computer and asking if it can be fixed is a bit like requesting brain surgery for a parakeet. It was rather pathetic; it's like bringing your kid to the pediatrician's retirement party, except no one says "look how you've grown up! What do you have now, 64 GB of RAM?"
Anyway, there was Fred. I took a picture of the computer he sold me back in the Reagan years.
More computing power in the phone that took the picture than the computer the phone that took the picture.
PS: title of the blog post comes from a customer Fred recalled as the Best Famous Person to enter the store: Douglas Adams.
SWEET, SWEET JUSTICE Hysteria over violent video games is bipartisan folly; the California law that put a $1,000 fine if you distributed a shoot-'em-up without the proper sticker was signed by Arnie (R); when SCOTUS slapped it down a California Democratic who sponsored the bill trotted out this response:
California State Sen. Leland Yee, who sponsored the original bill, said today's ruling "put the interests of corporate America before the interests of our children."
"As a result of their decision, Wal-Mart and the video game industry will continue to make billions of dollars at the expense of our kids' mental health and the safety of our community," Yee continued. "It is simply wrong that the video game industry can be allowed to put their profit margins over the rights of parents and the well-being of children."
Leaving aside the rote boilerplate outrage, it's amusing to note that Mr. Yee is this guy:
State Sen. Leland Yee (D-San Francisco) and 19 other defendants appeared in court this afternoon to confront charges against them ranging from racketeering, gun-trafficking, and murder for hire.
The defendants -- including Keith Jackson, a San Francisco political consultant, and Raymond "Shrimp Boy" Chow, a longtime Chinatown gangster -- all arrived in civilian clothes while shackled at the wrist and waist. By 3:30 p.m., only 12 of the defendants, including Jackson and Chow, had appeared before the judge to hear the charges against them. Yee, who as a legislator cracked down on guns, is now being charged with gun trafficking himself.
Everyone's noting his anti-gun stance, but the anti-video-game fulminations are just as delicious, especially since he has now become a character from Grand Theft Auto.
Votd Title: "Redneck Road Rage / Instant Karma."
I think he was giving her the finger because she was holding her phone incorrectly.


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Zoot Suit Riot
arr. Paul Murtha
- Hal Leonard Corporation
Zipping along at a brisk 180 tempo, this hot swing tune will have your saxes cooking! The bari sax covers the walking bass lines while the upper voices cover the melody and band punches, making this playable even without a rhythm section. Glissandos and falls add to the fun of this jump swing style!
Select a Product
Full Song List


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Guaranteed entry when you book online at LEGOLAND® Discovery Center Chicago!
Adults must be accompanied by a child to visit the LEGOLAND Discovery Center.
To ensure our guests have the best experience possible, we have limited the number of visitors that can be in the Center at one time. All guests buying tickets online OR at the door will be required to make a reservation for an entry time, just the same as if you were going to the movies!
Online Advanced Purchase - Best Value and Guaranteed Entry
Please note during peak periods such as holidays, spring break and summer there may be a small wait upon entering the line.
Walk-Up Purchase
Read Frequently Asked Questions about buying tickets and the admission process here
Save up to 25% off the standard walk-up price when you buy your tickets online!
You are required to make a reservation to enter the Center, but once inside you may stay as long as you like!
Walk-up price | Online price | |
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$18.00 | Starting at $13.50 Buy Now |
Please Note: Coupons can not be used with online tickets. Ticket price varies by time and date of visit. |
Buy an Annual Pass and get 12 months unlimited admission for just $40 per person!
As well as 12 months unlimited entry to LEGOLAND Discovery Center Chicago, Annual Pass members also receive the following great benefits:
Adults must be accompanied by a child to visit the LEGOLAND Discovery Center.
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The Individual Pass entitles full LEGOLAND Discovery Center Annual Pass privileges for one person. |
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** Terms and conditions apply.
For unlimited access to 15+ top attractions in the USA, have a look at out Merlin Annual Pass
If you have a group of ten or more people, benefit from our Group Saver rate! If you are a school or organized group, or have more than 30 people in your group, please call our Group Sales team at 847 592 9708.
Please be aware that the Group Saver ticket is not available during peak periods. This is due to space limitations within the Center.
Type | Walk-up price | Online price |
Adult or Child (3+) | $18.00 | $13.00 per person Save $5.00 |
Group Saver tickets guarantee admission to LEGOLAND Discovery Center Chicago. Ticket does not include education workshops or use of birthday party rooms. All members of the group must arrive at the same time. |
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If you are an Adult Fan of LEGO, join us for Adult Night! Next Adult Night date to be announced soon!
A souvenir photo is a great way to remember the fun you had at LEGOLAND Discovery Center Chicago! Pre-book your photo online and save!
Type | Standard | Online price |
Photo in Card Frame | $15.00 | $8.00 |
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Keep the kids busy during your visit with our LEGOLAND® Discovery Center Activity Packs!
Looking for an even better value? Check out our Annual Passes.
Entry is FREE for
kids aged 2 years
and under!
Check our opening hours.
Common Reservation and Ticket Questions
Plan your Visit.
My kids love going to Legoland! (Girl 9 and boy 10). We like the new events you have been having, such as the Brick or Treat and finding the ghosts in the Jungle area. They really like the new attraction ride you have too.
The staff has always been great with my kids, asking them about the things they like to build out of Legos, and giving them tips for new creations.
This is one of my son's favorite places to go.


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Purcellville is located in western Loudoun County, VA approximately 9 miles west of Leesburg Virginia. Purcellville is a rural town that offers a Old Fashioned small town America quality of life. The communities in the Purcellville area offers everything from old historic homes, estates and farms to more modern subdivisions offering newer homes. You will find home in just about ever price point in Purcellville.
Purcellville VA Homes for Sale $300,000-$400,000 Purcellville VA Homes for Sale $400,000-$500,000 Purcellville VA Homes for Sale $500,000-$600,000 Purcellville VA Homes for Sale $600,000-$700,000 Purcellville VA Homes for Sale $700,000-$800,000 Purcellville VA Homes for Sale $800,000+The town of Purcellville has seen recent commercial development that now offers home owners in the Purcellville area local shopping and entertainment. Loudoun County Living LLC is your local expert for homes in Purcellville. Contact us now at 703-831-7653 for more information.
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* All data pertains to single-family homes


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Browse through our site and take a look at the various services available to you. Please feel free to contact us for a complimentary consultation, or with any questions you may have regarding our services. Copyright 1998 - 2013 Ever Eden Design |


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Aug 28, 2011 12:27 PM
Texas Sting 18U Looking for Pitcher, Shortstop & Outfielder
Like (0)
Texas Sting - Christian coached by Denise Atmar & Steve Addkison and managed by Butch Christian are moving up to 18U. Our roster is comprised of players who have a genuine love of the game, goal of playing at the collegiate level and are willing to dedicate the next 2 or 3 years to achieving their goal.
If interested in attending one of our practices or if you have any questions, please feel free to contact us.
Denise Atmar
(713) 858-4261
Butch Christian
(972) 832-1572.
Message was edited by: BChristian1968
Tryout dates were correct but times were not.
Correct Times Are
Saturday, August 20th from 4:00pm to 6:00pm
Sunday, August 21st from 12:00pm to 1:30pm
Saturday, August 20th at BBUSA from 4:00pm to 6:00pm on field 8.
Sunday, August 21st at BBUSA from 12:00pm to 1:30pm on field 8.
Tryouts this weekend.
I encourage all Pitchers looking for a new team or fresh start to attend.
Online Golf Tee Times with Last Minute Tee Time Deals & Discounts
Cool Running is the complete online resource for runners.
Find your favorite campground from the best campgrounds listing!


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Marginal Bone Loss Pattern Around HydroxyapatiteCoated Versus Commercially Pure Titanium Implants After up to 12 Years of Follow-up
Devorah Schwartz-Arad, DMD, PhD/Ofer Mardinger, DMD/Liran Levin, DMD/Avital Kozlovsky, DMD/Avraham Hirshberg, MD, DMD
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the marginal bone loss (MBL), complications, and 12-year survival rates of commercially pure titanium (cpTi) and hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated implants placed in the maxilla. Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 120 patients (77 women, 43 men) treated from 1988 to 1997. A total of 388 implants (156 cpTi and 232 HA-coated) were placed in the maxilla. There were 126 immediate (32.5%) and 262 (67.5%) nonimmediate implants. Patients were evaluated annually. Mean follow-up was 60 ± 32.3 months. MBL was measured on radiographs using the implant threads as the dimensional reference. MBL, complications, and 12-year survival and success rates were correlated with implant coating, time of implantation, implant dimensions, and position in arch. Results: Total mean MBL was 1.07 ± 2.16 mm. MBL was significantly lower with cpTi implants (0.55 ± 1.04 mm) compared to HA-coated implants (1.51 ± 2.71 mm) (P < .001). No statistical difference in regard to MBL was found between immediate and nonimmediate implants (0.86 ± 1.8 mm vs 1.16 ± 2.3 mm). The total 12-year survival rate was 91.4%. HA-coated implants had a significantly higher 12-year survival rate than cpTi implants (93.2% vs 89%; P < .03). Nonimmediate implants had a significantly higher failure rate (8.2%) than the immediate implants (1.3%) (P < .009). No correlation was found between type of implant coating and late implant failure. Discussion: Immediate implants can serve as a predictable option, providing higher survival and success rates. HA-coated implants tended to fail less during the surgical phase, but had higher mean MBL compared to cpTi implants. Conclusions: HA-coated implants had greater MBL than cpTi implants but a higher 12-year survival rate. Immediate implants had a lower failure rate than the nonimmediate implants in this study population. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2005;20:238244
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Oh I need ALL of this collection please?
Visions of The Body Shop Smoke and Fire for Fall 2010 are dancing through my head today.
Oh I need ALL of this collection please?
Visions of The Body Shop Smoke and Fire for Fall 2010 are dancing through my head today.
If you want to indulge but simply don't have the cash to spare this is the post for you. Check out various beauty bits and bobs all under $20. You'll see many fine steals and deals that will set you back a mere $5 bucks or less.
Happy haulin'! (Btw check out retailmenot.com to find various coupon codes)
If you're reading this post in RSS please visit my blog to enjoy the slideshow embedded in this post.
Hey there!
As we all know it's semi-annual sale time right now (if you're in the US) and all your fav shops are marking goodies down to rock bottom crazy prices so that YOU, the consumer, will haul ass to their stores and shop sales like the store is going out of business.
This is the best time of the year to get killer deals on stuff you've wanted all year but were good enough to wait for and hell at 50-75% off you can afford to take advantage right?
I've been keeping my hauling to a minimum since most of the stuff I've long since purchased and reviewed, sad sigh.
But I def got a good deal here and there which I'll share with you in the next week or two. One of which are The Body Shop Facial Muslin Clothes!
And a steal at $3 bucks!
Read More...
A little sneak peek at The Body Shop Fall Collection 2010.
Read More...Look out Sephora you aren't the only kid on the block with a new toy! Sephora Vending Machines may be popping up at your local airport but The Body Shop Vending Machines will be creeping into your supermarkets and your airports very soon.
Read More...


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Me myself am more of a casual gamer.i like customizing a character and having some fun.most rpgs though good character creations...make you need to play 24/7 to level up to an insane level before you get to have fun.
dungion fighter on the other hand puts right into action and give you enough fire power to start having fun right off the bat. i love the game. its fun to play and not to complicated like most mmorpgs. my only complaint so far is the character customization.
you should be able to change up you persons looks right when you start and not have to pay for so much stuff.
other than that the game is very fun and has a little story thrown in for good measure. download it and have fun.


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50 Old Food Elements
- Images
This collection contains 50 Stock Vector files. This collection contains 50 vintage food elements and decorations in vector format, that are all based from high resolution scans.
Once this item has been added to your cart, you can add any of our affordable Extended Licenses that allow for creating Items for Resale, Electronic Items for Resale, Multi-Seat Usage and Unlimited Print Runs.
This product is a vector EPS. We suggest using vector editing software such as Adobe Illustrator, Freehand or CorelDRAW. Adobe Photoshop can open EPS files, but it limits your editing abilities.


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Cannon Foder: Paul Schrader's Cannon Criteria
By Paul Schrader
What constitutes a cinematic masterpiece?
The Book I Didn't Write
The Rules of the Game
In March 2003 I was having dinner in London with Faber and Faber's editor of film books, Walter Donohue, and several others when the conversation turned to the current state of film criticism and lack of knowledge of film history in general. I remarked on a former assistant who, when told to look up Montgomery Clift, returned some minutes later asking, "Where is that?" I replied that I thought it was in the Hollywood Hills, and he returned to his search engine.
Yes, we agreed, there are too many films, too much history, for today's student to master. "Someone should write a film version of Harold Bloom's The Western Canon," a writer from The Independent suggested, and "the person who should write it," he said, looking at me, "is you." I looked to Walter, who replied, "If you write it, I'll publish it." And the die was cast.
Faber offered a contract, and I set to work. Following the Bloom model I decided it should be an elitist canon, not populist, raising the bar so high that only a handful of films would pass over. I proceeded to compile a list of essential films, attempting, as best I could, to separate personal favorites from those movies that artistically defined film history. Compiling was the easy part—then came the first dilemma: why was I selecting these films? What were my criteria?
What is a canon? It is, by definition, based on criteria that transcend taste, personal and popular. The more I pondered this, the more I realized how ignorant I was. How could I formulate a film canon without knowing the history of canon formation?
This sent me back to school. Following the example of then–New York magazine critic David Denby, I contacted Columbia University (where I'd taught) and asked to audit relevant courses. Over 2004–2005 I took two classes in the history of aesthetics taught by Lydia Goehr and another in the history of film aesthetics by James Schamus (the same James Schamus who is CEO of Focus Features).
Rather than refine my thoughts, these courses expanded them. I became interested not only in the history of the canon, but also in the history of Aesthetics, the history of Art, and, by extension, the history of Ideas. I felt as if I were trapped in an out-of-control reverse zoom. I began by looking at the hand of the sleeping man in Charles and Ray Eames's Powers of Ten and ended up in theoretical outer space.
The demise of the canon was tied to the demise of high culture, the demise of high culture to the demise of commonly accepted standards—and the demise of accepted standards led to questions about "the end of Art."
I kept returning to Hegel's insight that the philosophy of Aesthetics is the history of Aesthetics. That is, the definition, the essence of Aesthetics, is nothing more or less than its history. The philosophy of Aesthetics equals the mutation of the Aesthetic Ideal—understand the mutation, you understand Aesthetics. By extension, the philosophy of Religion is the history of Religion, and so forth.
Aesthetics, like the canon, is a narrative. It has a beginning, middle, and end. To understand the canon is to understand its narrative. Art is a narrative. Life is a narrative. The universe is a narrative. To understand the universe is to understand its history. Each and every thing is part of a story—beginning, middle, and end.
The much-debated "end of Art" is not the end of painting and sculpture (they abound), but the closing of the plastic arts' narrative. Life is full of ends; species die or become outmoded. There are still horses, but the horse's role in transportation has come to an end. Likewise movies. We're making horseshoes.
I saw where this line of thinking was leading and followed it there. It led to the writings of Ray Kurzweil (The Singularity Is Near), Joel Garreau (Radical Evolution), and Jeff Hawkins (On Intelligence). Art, religion, psychology are subsets of a larger narrative—the story of Homo sapiens, which in turn is a subset of the narrative of planet life, a subset of the narrative of our planet, our universe. All with beginnings, middles, and ends—at an ever-accelerating pace.
I agree with Kurzweil that humankind is on an evolutionary cusp. We can foresee both the end of the 20,000-year reign of Homo sapiens and the beginnings of the life-forms that will replace it (something Kurzweil and Garreau predict will happen in the next hundred years). Art looks to the future; it is society's harbinger. The demise of Art's human narrative is not a sign of creative bankruptcy. It's the twinkling of changes to come. Such thoughts fill me not with despair but envy: I wish I could be there to see the curtain rise.
Last Year at Marienbad
What then to make of my film contract with Faber? Being the dutiful Calvinist I was raised, I soldiered forward, writing an introductory chapter that discussed the history of the canon and setting forth criteria for the film canon. The fact that movies were in decline, I reasoned, was all the more reason to define and defend the film canon. In fact, it was only as I was approaching the end of the introduction that I comprehended the full scope of what I was arguing.
When it came time to delineate the films and filmmakers, chapter by chapter, I found my heart was no longer in it. My foray into futurism had diminished my appetite for archivalism. I abandoned the project (I'd wisely placed Faber's commencement fee in escrow). It's a worthy project; let someone else do it. In deference to the time I invested, I'm including, at the end of this essay, a list of the films I'd planned to include in the film canon.
I've always been interested in films that address the contemporary situation. Historical films interest me more as history than art. I have, perhaps, 10 years of films left in me, and I'm perfectly content to ride the broken-down horse called movies into the cinematic sunset. But if I were starting out (at the beginning of my narrative, so to speak), I doubt I'd turn to films as defined by the 20th century for personal expression.
What can be gleaned from this adventure? If Walter Donohue asks you to dinner in London, think twice.
Movies Are So 20th Century
"Critics have found me narrow."—F.R. Leavis
Motion pictures were the dominant art for the 20th century. Movies were the center of social mores, fashion and design, politics—in short, at the center of culture—and, in so being, dictated the terms of their dominance to the other art forms: literature, theater, and painting were all redefined by their relationship to cinema. Movies have owned the 20th century.
It will not be so in the 21st century. Cultural and technological forces are at work that will change the concept of "movies" as we have known them. I don't know if there will be a dominant art form in this century, and I'm not sure what form audiovisual media will take, but I am certain movies will never regain the prominence they enjoyed in the last century.
It's an appropriate time, then, to look back on the past 100 years of narrative cinema. The "great middle" of film criticism has fallen shallow; each year more and more of film writing falls into one of two polar categories: populist, epitomized by the "people's choice" approach to film, or academic, epitomized by jargon and extra-filmic considerations. It is no longer possible for a young filmgoer to watch the history of film and make up his or her own mind: there are just too many movies. It's barely possible to keep up with the yearly output of audiovisual entertainment on TV and in theaters, here and abroad. Like book readers, filmgoers must rely on the accumulated wisdom of film studies—which films have endured and why—a "wisdom" increasingly polluted by populist or academic criteria. What is needed, disingenuously enough, is a film canon.
The notion of a canon, any canon—literary, musical, painting—is 20th-century heresy. A film canon is particularly problematic because the demise of the literary canon coincides, not coincidentally, with the advent and rise of moving pictures. There is much debate about the canons but no agreement. Not only is there no agreement about what a canon should include, there's no agreement about whether there should be canons at all. Or, if there is agreement, it is this: canons are bad—elitist, sexist, racist, outmoded, and politically incorrect.
The Wild Bunch
Yet de facto film canons exist—in abundance. They exist in college curriculums, they exist in yearly 10-best lists, they exist in best-of-all-time lists of every sort. Canon formation has become the equivalent of 19th-century anti-sodomy laws: repudiated in principle, performed in practice. Canons exist because they serve a function; they are needed. And the need increases with each new wave of films. What I propose is to go back in order to go forward. To examine the history of canon formation, cherry-pick the criteria that best apply to film, and select a list of films that meet the highest criteria.
The model, of course, is Harold Bloom's 1994 bestseller, The Western Canon. Mustering a mountain of hubris and a lifetime of close reading, Bloom proposed a canon of Western literature: books and authors who meet the highest "artistic criteria." The Western Canon is also a screed against "the cultural politics, both of the Left and the Right, that are destroying criticism and consequently may destroy literature itself." These cultural politicians, whom Bloom dubs "The School of Resentment," count among their number Feminists, Marxists, Afrocentrists, New Historicists, Lacanians, Deconstructionists, and Semioticians (Bloom doesn't flinch from making enemies). Film studies' subordination to these "isms" hasn't reached the grotesque proportions Bloom speaks of, but it's catching up. Film departments abound with resentful academics. Film is not literature, of course, and the issues involved, though similar, are not the same. The greatest difference is that there is still a debate about whether motion pictures are art at all.
Trash, Art and the Movies
Tokyo Story
What better place to start than with the most influential article in the history of film criticism, Pauline Kael's 1969 essay "Trash, Art and the Movies." (A 1999 nyu survey of the top 100 works of 20th-century journalism listed this essay as number four—yet another example of how canon formation has infiltrated every aspect of contemporary life.) Kael's polemic, a defense of art as entertainment, influenced a generation of film critics and, subsequently, a generation of filmmakers. The piece was heady, invigorating stuff in 1969, an artillery barrage aimed at the East Coast critical establishment, the armchair newspaper moralists, and self-appointed arbiters of high art. Rereading Kael's essay after 35 years I find it not only wrong-headed but deleterious. It remains a hugely influential essay, now for negative reasons.
The underlying assumption of "Trash, Art and the Movies" is that motion pictures are a lower form of art ("a tawdry corrupt art for a tawdry corrupt world") or, perhaps, not a form of art at all. "Movies took their impetus not from the desiccated European high culture, but from the peep show, the Wild West show, the music hall, the comic strip—from what was coarse and common." Movies were, bless their heart, trash. Directors such as Kubrick (2001) and Antonioni (Blow-Up) were accused of "using 'artistic techniques' to give trash the look of art." A sow's ear is a sow's ear, and anyone who talks of purses is pretentious and just plain phony. "When you clean them up, when you make movies respectable, you kill them."
"Does trash corrupt?" Kael asked. No, she responds, "they may poison us collectively though they don't injure us personally" (huh?). We enjoy movies; we use them to grow up. "If we make any kind of decent, useful life for ourselves we have less need to run from it to those diminishing pleasures of the movies." So there you have it. Movies are fun, corrupt, and juvenile, and decent, useful people outgrow them. She concludes her essay with the statement, "Trash has given us an appetite for art."
Wrong. Trash does corrupt. Trash doesn't give one an appetite for art any more than Big Macs give one an appetite for healthy cuisine. And trash has won the day. Later in life, after she'd retired, Kael confided to David Denby that she hadn't realized that "everything would be trash." In the name of common sense and proletarian taste Kael attacked the wall of High Culture—and the walls came tumbling down. What in 1969 seemed like a breath of fresh air was actually the stench of trash to come.
An American in Paris
Cut to the "Postart" cinema exemplified by Quentin Tarantino and his imitators. (I find Allan Kaprow's term more descriptive than the more widely used and confusing "postmodern.") Kill Bill is the apotheosis of Kael's movies-as-trash ideology. Movies are assemblages of pop culture; the only criterion is "fun." Is it fun? Is it cool? Is it hip? There's no distinction between high and low, genuine and ersatz, existential or ironic, melancholy and parody, Shakespeare and Stephen King, Children of Paradise and The Dukes of Hazzard—all that matters is how you put them together. (It's been said assemblage is the art form of the 20th century and Joseph Cornell its Godfather. If so, Tarantino is its Michael Corleone.) And whatever you do, don't pretend it has any meaning beyond the moment. Sensation replaces sentiment.
It's ironic that Kael lists comic books as one of the impetuses for movies because comic-book heroes, comic-book stories, and comic-book situations, once regarded as disreputable, have become prestige fare. The moral scolds have been run from the ranks of film reviewers (and onto the op-ed pages). The academics Kael derided for treating Hitchcock and von Sternberg as artists are applying their analytical skills to The Matrix and The Lord of the Rings. Hitchcock and von Sternberg start to look pretty good in this post–"Trash, Art and the Movies" culture.
Studio executives who once felt obliged to produce a certain number of "prestige" or "quality" films have been replaced by corporate ceos who can't be bothered. If there is no stigma attached to trash, why attempt anything more demanding? Kael set in motion the legitimization of trash: ideas float obliquely through culture, and once that idea took root—with critics, with filmmakers, with financiers, with audiences—there was no turning back. Kael was writing during the most artistically vibrant era of film's short history. I don't think she imagined that trash would actually prevail. She's become, unwittingly, the Victor Frankenstein of film criticism.1
In retrospect, Kael's attempt to judge movies as trash seems yet another in a series of 20th-century attempts to avoid judging art, particularly popular art, as "art." If movies are trash, they can be good and bad trash, neatly avoiding all that inconvenient controversy about low and high art through a redefinition of terms.
But movies are not by definition trash. If anything, they are by definition art (the dictionary definition, "the products of human creativity," seems as good as any) and can even be, on rare occasions, high art. And what is high art? That question brings the discussion back to the canon. Any time a qualitative adjective is used ("better," "more integral," "purer"), a canon is implied. If art objects are to be compared qualitatively they can be ranked; if they can be ranked, there must be a canon.
Read the full article in the September/October 2006 issue.
1. Pauline ("Movie art . . . is not to be found in a return to official high culture") Kael would turn in her grave if she could read this defense of a film canon by her onetime protégé and disciple. (I'm quoted on the jacket of Going Steady, the book which features "Trash, Art and the Movies," describing Pauline as "the Matthew Arnold of film criticism"—an absurd assessment that baffles me to this day.) I remain indebted to her as a mentor, inspired by her as a writer, deeply fond of her as a person; but in the matter of trash, art, and the movies, she was simply wrong.


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UXer Going To The Next Level
Here in London I am pretty much seeing four classes of jobs being posted by the recruiters:
Junior, entry level, up to £30K
Mid, 3 -5 years of experience, up to £45K
Senior, 5+ years, up to £70K
Head of UX, so be a manager instead of a UX practitioner, £80K
Supposing you actually like doing UX work and are not big on setting budgest and dealing with recruiters as your job, pretty soon you end up with the real question 'So what is next?' How does someone with 11 years of experience differentiate themselves in the workplace from the 5 years of experience? Currently they get put in the same class. How does one level up after Senior?
I have been asking this question to a number of UXers. One well-known speaker here in Europe told me how he decided to Level Up in the standard way of opening his own agency, acquiring clients, expanding, and then after a few years realizing he was building crap for other people and their screwed up processes, and nothing for himself he truly truly liked. He shut the agency down, and now makes mobile apps and does the lecture circuit training others how to make mobile apps and what is important in making experiences. Others I know set up specifically a very small agency and purposefully keep it small to have it sustain a good life and no more, but find themselves dependent on one big client, and are now very relieved to have diversified. So basically their stories are: ste up your own company, but make it fit you perfectly if you can.
I have seen a few 'black swan' jobs go by here in the UK for more than the senior level salary, as a very Senior UX person to work on a very specialized system or issue, but those are very few and far between. But inside larger companies, I really see no progression, unless it is into management. I guess more senior people get the more interesting jobs, but I equally see them put on bread&butter so that their skill lets the agency / company get through their moneymaker faster and reliably.
So, what do you see in UX as Levelling Up? How have you Levelled Up? What paths have you seen? Do we ever get to the $200K / £150K levels of salary without becoming managers?


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Cufflinks made from authentic wine barrel staves and set in sterling silver. The barrels come from premier wine regions including Napa and Sonoma County. An ideal gift and an essential for the wine connoisseur.
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Little Creek MWR RV Park (Military Camping Only)
Phone: (757) 462-7282
Visit Campground Website
Sites: 45
Recent Rate: $25 7/2014
Latitude: 36.9078020008098
Longitude: -76.1622986197471
These reviews are the opinion of an RVParkReviews' member and not the views of RVParkReviews.com
Date of Stay: July, 2014 - $25.00
We stayed here during our pack and load out, since it was the closest park to our home. It was clean and well-cared for. Some of the sites, including ours, were too close for privacy. In addition, water is shared between two sites, necessitating the one on the right (us) having to run 50' of water hose under the unit to a pedestal almost under the awning. Finally, some of the full time and seasonal residents have let their units deteriorate or have surrounded them with tarps, tents, etc. This is always a detractor for us. We would stay here again if we had to be in the area, but likely not for vacation. We camped at Little Creek MWR RV Park (Military Camping Only) in a Travel Trailer.
Date of Stay: August, 2013 - $22.00
We have stayed here several times, and it was always a nice stay. This time it was better! The grounds were better maintained, and the overall appearance of the campground was much improved! The new manager was becoming very involved in operating the campground rather than just being there! We will definitely be back! We camped at Little Creek MWR RV Park (Military Camping Only) in a Motorhome.
Date of Stay: April, 2010 - $20.00
A great FamCamp just a few miles from either Virginia Beach or Historic Williamsburg. Campground hosts were very cordial, pleasant and knowledgeable, though I did have trouble getting them to return my call when trying to change reservations. The campground is well kept and in great repair. The base has all the usual amenities and is small enough you don't have to travel miles and miles to get to them. The Naval Air Stations and Norfolk Airport are far enough away you don't hear much jet noise, though there is some. There is some road noise in the sites up near the office but it isn't too bothersome. Wireless Internet is available for $7.95/night or $14.95/week or even better per month. Verizon works well and the cable TV has over 60 channels. Satellite access is available from most sites even though there are many trees in the campground. I would definitely stay here again. We camped at Little Creek MWR RV Park (Military Camping Only) in a Motorhome.
Date of Stay: October, 2007 - $20.00
This campground is one of the best I have ever stayed in. It is a military campground so one needs to have some sort of affiliation. Security rates very high because it sits inside the base. I recall seeing the base police patrol even thought there was no need for them to do so. The site we had was very level and contained a concrete pad. The other sites appeared to be very level too. They all contained a concrete pad too. There was ample space between sites. The playground equipment was in good shape and fit the size of the campground. The bathhouse was in very good repair and was cleaned at least twice a day. The equipment was in good working order. The camp host was pleasant and they enforced the camp rules without being over bearing. The overall soundings were pleasant and peaceful. The campground contained plenty of trees and a good nature walk was right next door. Overall the entire base was laid out in a manner that helped one enjoy the campground. We camped at Little Creek MWR RV Park (Military Camping Only) in a Motorhome.
Date of Stay: July, 2005 - $14.00
Nice, well maintained and even though it is small it doesn't feel cramped. We could not get the cable to work and could not find the modem connection. The restrooms and showers were excellent, well maintained and very clean. We camped at Little Creek MWR RV Park (Military Camping Only) in a Motorhome.
This is a military campground and you cannot stay unless you are affiliated with the military. This is a nice campground. It is small and can seem crowed with everyone's vehicles at their sites. Roads are paved and pads are concrete. Lots of room to manuver into yoru site. Facilities are clean and campground hosts work hard to make your stay pleasant. Close to Virginia beach oceanfront. We camped at Little Creek MWR RV Park (Military Camping Only) in a Fifth Wheel.
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January/February 2002 |
Two - Issue One
WINNERS ANNOUNCED FOR 2001 STEVEN J. FENVES AWARD Professor
Ulrich Flemming*, Architecture, and
Chris Hendrickson*, Civil &
Environmental Engineering, professor and department head, are the recipients
of the 2001 Steven J. Fenves Award for Systems Research. This award is
presented each year to one or more individuals within Carnegie Mellon
who have made significant contributions to systems research in areas relevant
to ICES. Congratulations to both recipients for their outstanding careers
and for their many and lasting contributions to the Institute for Complex
Engineered Systems and Carnegie Mellon. |
iNews Production Staff iNews is a bimonthly newsletter designed to serve the ICES community. All faculty, staff and students are encouraged to email any submissions, questions or comments they may have to any of the iNews staff members. |


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7th December 2011, 11:58 AM | #1 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Oct 2011
Smallest enclosure W3-871SC
Hi all,
I'd like to built a small enclosure like a satellite speaker for my pair of w3-871sc because I don't need any bas,s I have a subwoofer for this purpose so Cyburgs and TABAQ are too big for me, where can I find a design like that? Thank you in advance, |
7th December 2011, 01:29 PM | #2 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Mar 2004
Location: Budapest, Hungary
I use the very same drivers in a 70 cm high (28") small horn. It goes down to about 70 Hz, you still can use a subwoofer. If you want smaller, you can build them in a closed box of any convenient size.
7th December 2011, 01:55 PM | #3 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Oct 2011
Hi Oshifis,
Thank you foe your answer. This size still too big for my purpose (I want to move often the speakers from my house to my girlfriend house) so I think hte best option will be a sealed enclosure but I don't know how can I design it. Thank you! |
7th December 2011, 02:13 PM | #4 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Jul 2006
Location: Calais, ME
I have the W3-1364 in a 1.5 Liter Sealed Box. Your W3-871sc is quite similar. Should be able to work in a 1.5L to 4L sealed box.
Check out my post on the MICRO (W3-1364).
AmpsLab.com |
7th December 2011, 03:10 PM | #5 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Oct 2011
Hi Michael,
Thanks a lot for your desing it's really helpful for me. What should be the difference (refering to the listening) between a 1.5L and a 4L sealed box? Less bass? |
7th December 2011, 04:24 PM | #6 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: New York
For your purpose, you could consider making a sealed box just a bit larger than the drivers themselves. The bass will smoothly roll off and you can dial in a subwoofer in the future to handle bass duty. I'd also consider aperiodic (just drill some small holes in the back of the box). Clearly you are not looking for optimal performance, but my experience with TB is that they work well in small sealed boxes.
7th December 2011, 07:01 PM | #7 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Jul 2006
Location: Calais, ME
The 4L box is optimal (ie Q=0.707). F3=131.8Hz
With a 1.5L box, there is 0.5dB hump in the mid-bass. More importantly, the increase in Q is not much. A slight increase in Q (from 0.707 to 0.855) for a reduction the box vol from 4L to 1.5L is a good trade-off. Bass is only slightly less, from F3=131.8Hz to 136.5Hz. In practical terms, no difference. You will need to support the W3 with your sub-woofer. The problem you will encounter is the mid-bass. Most active subs are designed for Home Theater use, hence they excel in the 40-30Hz region. When crossed at 125Hz, these subs have difficulty in producing clear, distinct mid-bass.
AmpsLab.com |
9th December 2011, 08:14 AM | #8 | |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Oct 2011
I was thinking also about that because I've found that the Logitech Z5500 has the TB w3-871sc in a very small satellite enclosure so I think it will work for me, I'm going to try to fin the specs of this enclosure. Thank you for your help! |
9th December 2011, 04:06 PM | #9 |
diyAudio Member
FWIW: Adding a MJK simulation of a ported design: b |
13th December 2011, 04:06 PM | #10 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Jan 2005
Location: Copenhagen
Inspired by this, i tried it out in a 1,5 l plastic bottle and a sock - it worked rather fine.
Tangband W3-871S in a bottle |
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Biyere, Bello Martins (2011)
M.Phil. thesis, University of Birmingham.
| AbstractThe text of Isaiah 53 is one of those areas of study that has attracted a wide interest among Old Testament scholars. In this field of study, historical criticism has been generally applied to the study of Deutero-Isaiah with the Babylonian exile as the historical context, and specifically the Suffering Servant text of Isaiah 53. The historical critical approach seeks to understand the text by establishing a singular, objective, and dispassionate meaning of the text and its context, thereby excluding alternative voices from the conversation. In contradistinction to the historical critical approach, this study uses postcolonial criticism to allow for multiple voices in the reading of the text, so that socio-cultural issues can be addressed in order to inspire communities towards social transformation and justice.
Type of Work: | M.Phil. thesis. |
Supervisor(s): | Guest, Deryn |
School/Faculty: | Colleges (2008 onwards) > College of Arts & Law |
Department: | School of Philosophy, Theology and Religion, Department of Theology |
Subjects: | BL Religion BS The Bible |
Institution: | University of Birmingham |
ID Code: | 3079 |
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24th October 2004, 06:47 AM | #1 |
diyAudio Member
rear deck speakers for good midbass kick
My wife's tercel has door speakers in front and deck speakers in the back. Right now they are 5.25" all around, but the doors will take 6.5 and it actually looks like the cutouts in the rear deck are 8". The problem in the tercel is that the panels are so incredibly weak, nearly ALL bass from the speakers is absorbed or cancelled. I put the same head unit and speakers in my wifes car as I did my BMW and the difference is indescribable. She likes well-rounded sound, but never boomy. She hates rap and listens to jazz and classical, but the poor thing only gets weak mids and plenty of highs.
The front doors will get 6.5" separates, but what can I put in the deck to make some mid/bass. Can I run some 8" mid/subs free air? Cut for 6x9s? Make some small fiberglass boxes under the deck for some 8"s?
Audiophile by ear, but I don't know crap about the math |
25th October 2004, 01:36 AM | #2 |
diyAudio Member
If you can fit 8" speakers in the rear, then that ought to be all that's needed.
True the panels are wimpy, the Tercel was made to be lightweight, fuel efficient and reliable, not exactly your wish list for an audio system. You could reinforce the panel with fibreglass, or even build boxes and bolt the mounting panel to the rear deck. The problem is that the trunk springs tend to interfere. If you replace them with a pneumatic strut you have a lot more room to play with. You could build a rear deck cover from MDF and/or fibreglass, to replace the factory part. Alternately if you have access to a welder, you could reinforce the panel with some steel. You'll also want dynamat or similar. Free air is much easier to install (Provided that you've room to install it at all) but I believe in enclosures for best sound quality.
There are 10 types of people in the world. Those who understand binary, and those who don't. |
25th October 2004, 05:25 AM | #3 |
diyAudio Member
sweet. Great ideas! thanks
Audiophile by ear, but I don't know crap about the math |
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Drew Holmes is currently a Patent Attorney at Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation in New Jersey, where he is a member of the Neuroscience/Ophthalmics Team.
Drew holds a Bachelor of Science in Microbiology from the University of Miami (Florida) and a Ph.D. in Microbiology and Molecular Genetics from Rutgers University and the University of Medicine & Dentistry of New Jersey. He received his law degree from the Fordham University Law School in New York City and is licensed to practice in New York, Connecticut, New Jersey (special limited license for in-house counsel) and before the United States Patent and Trademark Office.
Prior to joining Novartis, Drew was in private practice at Darby & Darby, P.C., an IP boutique based in New York City, where he handled prosecution, opinion, and litigation matters. His previous experience includes one year as a litigator with Greenberg Traurig in New York, and four years at Fish & Neave, also in New York, where he handled prosecution, opinion, and litigation matters.
At Novartis, Drew has a broad-based intellectual property practice involving litigation, patent counseling and procurement, and transactional matters. Drew provides patent counseling in the areas of chemistry, biology, biotechnology, biochemistry, molecular biology, immunology, and virology. Drew also manages Neuroscience due diligence inquiries on behalf of the Legal Intellectual Property Department.
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Thousands of CNA jobs in Homeland FL have become available within the nursing industry. With the elderly population increasing in Florida, the need for Certified Nurse Aides in Homeland FL is shooting through the roof. According to experts the surge in demand for Certified Nursing Assistants in Homeland FL will steadily continue going up over the forseeable future.
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Retailer JC Penney should be trading "meaningfully higher" than where it is now, according to activist investor William Ackman, CEO of Pershing Square Capital and a newly-appointed JC Penney board member.
Losing those holiday pounds, getting in shape, and becoming healthier is on top of many New Year resolution lists, but accomplishing that goal requires different approaches for different people. David Harris, senior director of personal training at Equinox, shared some of his best health and fitness tips for overworked, out-of-shape executives, who spend long hours in the office, travel frequently, feel a high amount of stress and have limited time to exercise.
Richard Bernstein, CEO of Richard Bernstein Advisors, tells CNBC he is the most optimistic he has been since 1995 when it comes to the US stock market.
Oil prices surged in 2010, up about 15 percent for the year, but Peter Beutel, president of Cameron Hanover, told CNBC Monday that the hot commodity's run is not over yet.
Despite the high unemployment rate, we may see an increase in labor costs in 2011 that will put pressure on corporate margins, Tobias Levkovich, Citi's chief US equity strategist, told CNBC.
Despite the geopolitical risks, EmergingMoney.com's Tim Seymour says South Korea remains a very interesting market for investors.
Crude oil is near its highest level since 2008, hovering around $87 a barrel, and Tom Petrie, vice chairman of Bank of America Merrill Lynch, expects the hot commodity to test $100 in the next year.