text:
One for the good guys ... thank you Pennsylvania!
The Pennsylvania voters overwhelmingly voted in favor of a referendum to have the state borrow $100 Million in order to fund the state's fire companies. Hopefully, the lawmakers will go through with it.
Ballot Questions
Question: Volunteer Firefighter Funding
Candidate Votes Percent
Yes 1,807,046 72%
No 691,580 28%
Precincts Reporting - 9340 out of 9415 - 99%
Stay SafeLast edited by PAVolunteer; 11-06-2002 at 10:04 AM.
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Lets just hope this doesn't get mired down in politics, it will help unbelievably!
11-06-2002, 02:54 PM #3Originally posted by quint1driver
Lets just hope this doesn't get mired down in politics
Just kiddin' ...
Stay Safe
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The local papers were throwing around a figure around $40k per company, based on how many volunteer fire depts there are in the state. I would guess they would be evenly distributed, like they did 2-3 years ago. If its anything in the $10k range, I can't even begin to imagine the impact that will have for us.
Get rid of a quint? And become plain old hose hounds? NEVER!!!
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From what I saw all counties..with the exception of Cameron County voted for it. Anyone from Cameron County on here. Congrats to the voters..much needed money.
yeah baby!!
maybe we can get s/i leather helmets now?? may much good come from this. and i agree, hopefully the politicians won't muck this one up!!
Matt G. Warminster Fire Dept. Station 90
IAFF Local F-106
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I don't want to sound discouraging but after 23 yrs. in the fire service in Pa. I find it hard to believe till I see it. I have seen 2 dept.s go out of business in our area in the last few years and there was no public outcry or anything. Maybe I am just getting cranky or something, but I really wonder if people care as long as it is not there home on fire.
I really hope they go threw with it, we could really use the money but again I can't get excited till I see it.
Stay safeChief Of Station 21
Bell Acres, Pa.
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As we all hold our breath on this one we must remember that this is and was a non-binding referendum which means it is more like an opinion poll which the politicians are not obliged to abide by. After almost 18 years in the volunteer fire service I have to say that I will believe it when I see it. I am trying to hope for the best for all of us but I will not hold my breath because it tends to make you pass out if done for too long.
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But look at the numbers, 72% of voters are in favor of it. Granted it may take some time, but do you want to be the representitive that isn't in favor of what 72% of the voters are? I wouldn't be specing the new piece yet, but anything that comes out of this is 100% more than what we got last year. Even if its only 18K......
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Don't count your chickens until they hatch
Like many on here, I am encouraged by the support of the taxpayers in this Commonwealth, but leary of those who will decide to pass the bond issue to support this referendum. While I am not sure of all that is needed, I suspect that anything will have to go before the new Govn-elect Rendell. He has spoken at length about what he feels is important, prior to the election. Not once did I hear that he felt that emergency services are in need of funds/support. It maybe that he just wasn't asked that question.
A recent article in the Philadelphia Inquirer, Rendell spoke of his priorities including the large deficit now facing the state. If this is any indication we may be in for a long wait for any of that money. Time will tell.
Hope for the best ... prepare for the worst.
At least we know the public is behind us.
Stay Safe
Andy's right in that Rendell will have other priorities to deal with first and don't forget he's not from an area served by volunteers.
We worked with our state senator and even posed for pictures he used for a flyer he passed out all over Berks County. He told us up front that even if it passed it would still be a long haul to get it funded and up and running.
What really hurts is that 28% of the voters turned it down. If that was all from the big cities served by paids I could see it, but the West Chester Daily Local reported that 25% voted no in Chester County.
Good thing we don't pick out 28% of our calls to not respond to.Steve Dragon
FFII, Fire Instructor II, Fire Officer I, Fire Appartus Driver Operator Certified
Volunteers are never "off duty".
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Excellent post Oushore. Right on the money.
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I was one that did vote for the money, I do feel for the most part if we get any money at all most of the money will be wasted. The fire service in Pa NEEDS a major overhaul. Just how many of the 2900 departments are really needed. Just take my town for example we have 15 engines within a mile and a half from 8 diffrent fire departments, just a bit of overkill I would say. That is 8 insurance bills, 8 air systems, with their yearly bills, I could go on and on but I'll just leave it at this.
I tried attaching this Word file, but it didn't work - this is a study done by the Pennsylvania Fire and Emergency Services Institute. It estimates the worth of the services provided by PA VFCo's at about $6 Billion. If anyone would like me to email the file to them, send me a PM.
Funding for Pennsylvania Emergency Services ...
... Beyond 2001
Pennsylvania Fire and Emergency Services Institute
223 State Street
Harrisburg, PA 17101
Phone: 717-236-5995
Fax: 717-236-5996
Email: email@example.com
Website: www.pfsi.org
In 1994, the Pennsylvania Fire and Emergency Services Institute produced a funding study detailing how much money Pennsylvanias taxpayers are saved by volunteer fire and emergency services already at work in their communities. This 2001 report provides an update of that 1994 study.
Volunteer firefighters and emergency service workers already contribute a great deal of personal time and energy responding to calls, undergoing rigorous training, raising funds for operations and maintaining equipment at their stations.
Firefighters today respond to not only fire calls but also to automobile accidents, hazardous-materials incidents, threats of terrorism and emergency medical calls -- all requiring intensive training and specific response equipment. Such activity demands a substantial time commitment from volunteer schedules already crowded with work and family responsibilities, particularly in today's more common two-income households.
Of prime concern lately, however, has been a steep and steady decline in the numbers of volunteers attracted to these vital services in Pennsylvania. Although the number of fire companies has remained fairly stable over the past ten years, the same cannot be said of the number of volunteers. In fact, studies done by the Pennsylvania Department of Community and Economic Development put the total number of currently active firefighters at about 70,000, down dramatically from about 75,000 in 1995, a 6 percent decline in just six years. (Because of the fluid nature of the volunteer services, figures used within this project obviously are approximate.)
As the number of volunteer firefighters continues to decline, logic dictates that raising money to operate fire companies consequently will become more difficult, perhaps requiring increased funding from municipalities, a move likely to result in higher municipal taxes.
This study was conducted to provide baseline information on what Pennsylvania citizens and their elected officials could face if the number of fire-protection and emergency-service volunteers continues its current downward trend. Although these estimates were compiled with a bias to be as conservative as possible, they nevertheless offer an alarming picture of the potential problem and its ultimate costs.
Several Pennsylvania-based resources, including the Office of the State Fire Commissioner and the Department of Community and Economic Development (DCED), provided the statistics upon which many of our assumptions have been made. We appreciate their assistance.
Serving the state's 67 counties are 2,462 fire companies, 2,366 (or about 96 percent) of which are all volunteer. The balance includes 73 "combination" companies (served by volunteers and career firefighters) and 23 fully paid municipal departments. The Department of Community and Economic Development estimates that among volunteer companies now in operation, only about 10 percent are financially sound.
According to Supporting Volunteer Fire Services in Pennsylvania a report on survey results of House Resolution 67, Governors Center for Local Government Services (July 1999), conducted by the Department of Community and Economic Development, ...
· the average annual cost (including benefits) of one paid firefighter is about $55,000.
· municipal budget totals (grouped into three categories) also captured the average allocations municipalities make to their fire companies.
municipal budget fire company allocation
Ø less than $1 million $15,950
Ø $1 million to $2 million $22,650
Ø more than $2 million $91,200
Municipal budget totals reflect expenses for entire municipalities, not just fire services.
Among all three budget categories, the statewide average for municipal allocation to a fire company was $43,266.
In most municipalities, multiple volunteer fire companies share a single municipal allocation.
A 1999 Statewide Fire Apparatus Survey conducted by the Pennsylvania Fire and Emergency Services Institute further showed that ...
· the average fire company maintains about four emergency-service vehicles.
· most fire companies (about 63 percent) reported that emergency responses or company functions typically drew between 11 and 20 active members.
· independent operating budgets of reporting fire companies were almost evenly divided into four groups:
Ø 23% with budgets of less than $25,000.
Ø 23% with budgets of between $25,000 and $50,000.
Ø more than 27% with budgets of between $50,000 and $100,000.
Ø about 26% with budgets of more than $100,000.
The study by the Pennsylvania Department of Community and Economic Development also showed that each fire company serves ...
· an area of approximately 18.4 square miles
· a total average population of about 3,984
Based upon a standard developed by the Delaware Auditor Generals Office, one fire company typically can serve about 10,000 citizens. Using that basis, Pennsylvania would need more than the 1,000 fire companies to provide coverage across all 67 counties, based upon current population figures alone. Obviously, numerous economic, political, geographic and historical factors have determined the locations and numbers of volunteer fire companies serving today.
This report uses that "one-company-per-10,000-citizens" rule of thumb to estimate total costs. Further, we assumed that each active fire company could operate efficiently with a complement of 20 firefighters.
Our resulting calculations were made based on costs to establish1,500 fire companies and 2,000 fire companies to illustrate the comparative savings provided by volunteers in most Pennsylvania communities.
From Supporting Volunteer Fire Services in Pennsylvania a report on survey results of House Resolution 67, Governors Center for Local Government Services (July 1999), we know that the average career firefighter costs a municipality about $55,000 annually, including benefits.
That means that the individual staff cost of ... $ 55,000
to compensate every firefighter in a company ... X 20
would total up to ... $1.1 million
Expanding those figures then, would mean that paying staff for ...
1,500 fire companies would require
statewide compensation costs of
$1.65 billion
and 2,000 fire companies would require
statewide compensation costs of
$2.2 billion
Because operating budgets for reporting fire companies were so diverse, we divided them into four categories:
Ø less than $25,000
Ø between $25,000 and $50,000
Ø between $50,000 and $100,000
Ø more than $100,000
That being the case, then ...
if all 1,500 fire companies maintained
annual operating budgets of then statewide operating costs would be
$ 25,000 $ 37.50 million
$ 37,500 $ 56.25 million
$ 75,000 $112.50 million
$100,000 $150.00 million
and if all 2,000 fire companies maintained
annual operating budgets of then statewide operating costs would be
$ 25,000 $ 50.00 million
$ 37,500 $ 75.00 million
$ 75,000 $150.00 million
$100,000 $200.00 million
Using an average of all four operating-budget categories, then ...
1,500 fire companies would require
statewide operating costs of
$ 89.06 million
and 2,000 fire companies would require
statewide operating costs of
$118.75 million
Because firefighters are exposed to extreme temperatures and a variety of other hazards with each call, the protective clothing they wear (both in stations and on fire grounds) must protect them well. Technology has provided the means by which such personnel may be protected, but such equipment generally comes at a high cost.
According to sources at Moul Enterprises, Inc., protecting the typical firefighter today requires an investment of ...
air pack $ 3,000
protective coat $ 895
protective pants $ 678
helmet $ 400
pager $ 400
boots $ 250
gloves $ 40
Nomex hood $ 25
Total $ 5,688
That means that the individual cost of ... $ 5,688
to protect every firefighter in one company ... X 20
would accumulate to a total of ... $113,760
Expanding those figures then, would mean that ...
1,500 fire companies would require
statewide personal protection costs of
$170.64 million
and 2,000 fire companies would require
statewide personal protection costs of
$227.52 million
Firefighters use apparatus and equipment that accounts for the most costly capital expenditures made by fire companies. The National Fire Protection Association recommends specific portable equipment to be carried on each particular piece of apparatus. Relevant standards currently in use are ...
Ø NFPA 1901 -- standard on initial fire, rescue and utility apparatus
Ø NFPA 1903 -- standard on equipment carried on mobile water-supply apparatus and
Ø NFPA 1904 -- standard on equipment carried on aerial fire apparatus.
Using those NFPA standards for portable equipment, we added figures obtained from Moul Enterprises, Inc., as resource for approximate costs.
The following table details a conservative estimate of retail purchase price for each of the following types of apparatus and the minimum portable equipment based on NFPA standards.
apparatus apparatuscost cost of NFPAstandard equipment Total
engine $300,000 $18,000 $318,000
aerial truck $650,000 $35,000 $685,000
tanker $225,000 $ 7,000 $232,000
rescue truck $425,000 $18,000 $443,000
utility vehicle $ 45,000 $18,000 $ 63,000
brush truck $ 75,000 $ 75,000
ambulance $115,000 $115,000
estimated costs to provide statewide equipped apparatus
equipped apparatus for 1,500 fire companies for 2,000 fire companies
engines $ 477.0 million $ 636.0 million
aerial trucks $1,027.5 billion $1,370.0 billion
tanker trucks $ 348.0 million $ 464.0 million
rescue trucks $ 664.5 million $ 886.0 million
utility vehicles $ 94.5 million $ 126.0 million
brush trucks $ 112.5 million $ 150.0 million
ambulances $ 172.5 million $ 230.0 million
NOTE: These estimates DO NOT include ongoing maintenance costs for apparatus, but reflect ONLY the estimated retail purchase values of each emergency-service vehicle.
summary of estimated costs to maintain statewide fire services
operating expenses
cost item for 1,500 fire companies for 2,000 fire companies
personnel $1,650.000 billion $2,200.000 billion
operations $ 89.063 million $ 118.750 million
operating expense to maintain career companies $1,739.063 million $2,318.750 million
capital equipment expenses
protective clothing $ 170.640 million $ 227.520 million
equipped engines $ 477.000 million $ 636.000 million
equipped aerial trucks $1,027.500 billion $1,370.000 billion
equipped tanker trucks $ 348.000 million $ 464.000 million
equipped rescue trucks $ 664.500 million $ 886.000 million
equipped utility vehicles $ 94.500 million $ 126.000 million
capital expenses to create career companies $2,782.140 million $3,709.520 million
TOTAL fire service value $4,521.203 billion $6,028.270 billion
less personnel expense $1,650.000 billion $2,200.000 billion
less municipal contributions $ 21.497 million $ 28.662 million
value of service now provided by volunteers through independent fundraising $2,849.706 billion $3,799.608 billion
This Pennsylvania Fire & Emergency Services Institute study on cost-savings realized by Pennsylvania taxpayers because of volunteer services paints an alarming picture of the potential and realistic -- costs to fully fund career fire departments across the Commonwealth.
Upon reviewing the previous Cost Summary table, the amazing contribution made by Pennsylvania volunteers becomes quite clear. Emergency-services volunteers in this state contribute time and money approaching a value of approximately $6 billion to protect our hometowns.
Of their own volition, volunteers like these have raised nearly $3.8 billion to fund training, emergency-response operations, equipment and apparatus to provide service at a level that most Pennsylvanians take for granted.
Figure 1 below illustrates that the greatest expenses for volunteer fire companies are attributed apparatus and protective clothing costs. (Personnel expenses generally affect only career companies.) With costs of such goods always on the rise, meeting expenses remains a major challenge for fire companies that lack significant funding from their own municipalities. Such funding shortfalls require volunteers to devote even more personal time to raising funds necessary to maintain their operations.
Figure 1
Figure 2 below compares results of the 1994 Fire Institute study to those developed in 2001, revealing that the "real cost" to provide emergency services in Pennsylvania has increased markedly in the past six years.
The total value provided by Pennsylvania emergency services rose from $4.5 billion in 1994 to about $6 billion, an appreciation of nearly 33 percent. Such a jump illustrates that costs of equipment, apparatus, protective clothing and personnel all have risen steadily.
The value of service now provided by volunteers through their own independent fundraising grew even more dramatically, more than doubling in just six years from $1.83 billion in 1994 to $3.8 billion in 2001. Such a significant increase we believe reveals that Pennsylvania volunteers, though fewer in number, are working harder than ever to compensate for the lack of any substantial funding by their own municipal governments.
Figure 2
For more than 200 years, Pennsylvania's emergency-service volunteers generally have done a remarkable job in protecting our citizens from the ravages of fire and other emergencies ... even without significant financial support of their local municipal officials -- and despite municipal charters that designate local officials as responsible for providing community fire protection.
The ever-increasing demands on the time of volunteers -- responding to protect their communities, training to maintain proficiency further is strained when they also must devote even more time to raising funds to do the very jobs they already perform at no cost to the community.
We believe that "Funding for Pennsylvania Emergency Services ... Beyond 2001" should -- and must -- become a principal responsibility of local municipal governments, particularly in light of the evident savings currently being enjoyed because of volunteer services.
Now and in the future, local governments must thoroughly apply their planning and budgeting processes to help local fire companies maintain and improve their administrative and operational effectiveness ... both today and beyond 2001.
This report, "Funding for Pennsylvania Emergency Services ... Beyond 2001," was created by the Pennsylvania Fire and Emergency Services Institute.
Copy and distribution of this document may be made without charge to any entity so requesting it, so long as the sources of information remain an integral part of the report and so long as its authorship is attributed to the Pennsylvania Fire and Emergency Services Institute.
Pennsylvania Fire and Emergency Services Institute
223 State Street
Harrisburg, PA 17101
Phone: 717-236-5995
Fax: 717-236-5996
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Website: www.pfsi.org
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Fella's before we get excited or plan our next purchase a little reality check is in order. Did you ever wonder why the Referendum was on the ballot? Simple. The legislature did not have the guts to vote for funding leglislation on their own. They passed on their responsibilty. The Resolution was non binding. It does not mean a thing. Remember the proposal was to increase the debt cieling for the commonwealth to fund the fire departments. It was a one time shot. If you distribute 100 million to the commonwealth's 2400 fire departments, that means we each get roughly 40,000 dollars. The funds for that distribution would come from the Commonwealth selling bonds. It would be a one time shot. When 2004 comes around they would not be doing it again.
The long term solution would be a permanent grant program from the state where each year as part of the budget, they distributed 50 million plus. But that is not going to happen any time soon. The fire service simply is not a big enough lobby to influence our legislators that much.
The Budget proposals for fiscal 2003 are projecting a deficit. No new spending is likely, and the debt issuance to raise funds was the only game in town to stop the fire service from hammering the public officials before the election.
The true test will be to wait and see what the legislators do now that they have been elected. Probably more of the same.
Time will tell.
Lastly, before anyone gets too excited about our new governor elect, consider his campaign proposals to legalize gambling and tax it. How many of your fire stations raise funds through some game of chance or ticket sales? It might be interesting to see what projections if any are made how that will impact our fundraising. Dollars to dounughts, the tax money goes east no matter what was said.
Wait and see
Just one mans opinion
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I agree wtih CHOAD33, the fire service in PA needs overhauling. In the southeastern part of the state there are too many fire companies with too much apparatus. When every town has to have the same or more types of fire apparatus as the neiboring fire companies, why should the taxpayer foot the bill. Maybe time to consolidate companies and have the fire companies learn financial responsibility.
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Of PA and the Referendum
Interesting that somebody finally noted that there are too many fire companies in PA. The PA fire service is not something we should be proud of, we are a solid 90-110 years behind the rest of the country and everyone but us knows it. Go to a national convention and tell someone you are a fire chief in PA, you'll usually get a chuckle and an "oh, a PA fire chief". PA is the laughing stock of this countries fire service. Nowhere else in the country do fire departments COMPETE for calls by buying special apparatus. Nowhere else in the country will you find 3 fire departments in the same town when one would do. Has anybody else noticed that not a month passes without an article on the FH website about a PA firefighter committing arson? PA has a problem, how ironic that the 2nd state in the union is last in fire protection. The following isn't my opnion, this is fact: TWO insurance companies are leaving PA after this year because of excessive losses. They are tired of PA firefighters saving basements!!!!
The referendum is not the answer but I never complain without offering a solution so here it is: Each fire department should have the right to tax it's residents in order to survive, a concept called fire protection districts. Unless you approach your state legislators and tell them this is what needs to be done, volunteers will be relegated to calling bingo and other fundraisers till the end of time. The FPD works in many other states, no reason it won't here. The referendum, if it provides money, is only a quick fix to a massive problem. Look far into the future, not just to next week, not just to your next truck, taxation is the only answer. The worst part about the referendum is that the 100 million will cost the state at least another 100 million in interest. Not a good deal when you consider how fast 40G can be spent in a fire department. Kind of like getting a 30 year loan for a new car. Tax money is there, available and only costs a dollar for a dollar.
One last thing, the report from PFSI that says PA volunteers save 6 billion dollars, please take the time to read that thoroughly, as it includes in that number the cost of replacing ALL fire apparatus as if it's done every year. Anyone can make numbers say what they want, it's your responsibility to read and find the truth. It's also interesting that a unit of time isn't given in the report, it never says 6 billion per year, or per 5 years or per decade. Lots of people ASSUME per year, but that isn't what it says. Have you noticed all the scuttlebutt about Great Britian? GB pays a national fire service, wonder why? Could it be to minimize losses and save insurance companies piles of money? Maybe more than it costs to fund that fire service! Lots of food for thought and l'm sure lots of you hate me now, but that's perfectly ok. Shoot the messenger.
Only problem with the fire service in Pennsylvania is that there are too many people with negative attitudes like you Alto.......
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Jeez, alto, if you're so unhappy with pa firefighting, why don't you follow the insurance companies out of state? And in case you didn't know, doctors are leaving the state at a record pace, citing exorborant malpractice insurance rates. I guess that makes Pa's medical skills the laughing stock of the country?
But like you said, numbers can say anything you want them to say.
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I'ts time I jump back into this. The vote was to "improve the delivery of vol fire service" Who says that the state, (if any money comes about) will give any of it to any fire department. It could be given to the community colleges for free training classes. It could be used to hire more full time staff at the SFA. Who says it will be free, from what I hear there will be riders attached to the funding (If it comes about). You want some cash send in the list of who in the department is FF1 don't have 30% sorry your out of luck. Your fire chief does not have any training sorry. You want some rescue equipment, what is the DOH certification number for your rescue, do not have one sorry no cash for you. All the stuff about don't like then leave, is the attitude that got us in this whole mess to begin with. I have lived here almost my whole life and I'm not about to leave, I would like for things to be better. The three years that I was in Kentucky really ****ed me off. You need 300 some hours of training to get on a fire truck The state has on record every hour of training that every firefighter takes even inhouse stuff. To conduct training at your station the person is a department level instructor (state class you take). The bootlegging pot growing two tooth rednecks down there are light years ahead of this state.
11-14-2002, 09:43 AM #22The bootlegging pot growing two tooth rednecks down there"This thread is being closed as it is off-topic and not related to the fire industry." - Isn't that what the Off Duty forum was for?
Wow ... with the Pennsylvania Fire Service apparently being so bad, it's a wonder the entire state hasn't burned down yet!
Stay Safe
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Choad, I can't find anything in your post to dissagree with. Personally, I feel requirements in Pennsylvania are too lenient. Thats why my dept does push the firefighter 1 or higher requirement, thats why we require officer 1 for the chief officers. Believe me, it worries me to see some of the pumpkin pumpers that show up wearing turnouts at a mutual aid scene. These are the guys that may have to pull me out? Lots of confidence there.
I agree, if you are not up to standards, no money for you. More for the departments that do meet requirements! The only thing that burned me up is the sweeping generalizations that firefighters anywhere (not just Pa) are untrained, uneducated, or just ignorant. Im sure they are here, just like they are anywhere, but I would be happy to put some Pennsylvania departments up against some "Professional" departments anyday.
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Originally posted by quint1driver
The only thing that burned me up is the sweeping generalizations that firefighters anywhere (not just Pa) are untrained, uneducated, or just ignorant. Im sure they are here, just like they are anywhere, but I would be happy to put some Pennsylvania departments up against some "Professional" departments anyday. [/B]
The point I was trying to get across was that many people look down on the people that live the southern states. The fact is that the Bumpkin Knobb Vol Fire Department having no money, old equipment is required to have the people in their fire department up to a standard. It is funny how we can look down on them and make fun of them but when there is a fire they will all have some clue of what to do. In every industry there will ALWAYS be people doing jobs that they are not trained to do or able to do. I stopped at a house fire last year and was talking to a cop he said that if they would have showed up with 4 people that knew what they were doing they could have saved the house. To reply to the "state burning down comment. I can say yes it is a little here and a little there. There are some very Professional fire departments that I have see make amazing stops (Reading), and there are some departments I can say I do not know of them EVER saving a house. We need to start doing something about that and throwing money at them is not going to fix them
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NWAR: Trench Warfare
Detective Nwar gets his hands dirty for a political campaign.
4.41 / 5.00 2,771 ViewsThis is the 17th out of 18 planned sessions for the series.
It runs for about 17 minutes, and we hope that you enjoy watching it.
As always, our sepcial thanks goes out to the VAs who were involved in the project, as well as everyone at Newgrounds.
Very nicely done
I'm a big fan of the Xin series and this episode was not only entertaining but a clear indication of how far your animation skills have come. One of my favoriate things about the Xin series was definately the fact that each episode manages to top its predecessor. Although the Xin series has officially come to an end with episode 18 I'm looking forward to your future projects such as surface which i think has a great amount of potential. Keep up the amazing work
wow that was probably the longest flash v ever seen, but itmanaged to keep me entertained through most of it (although incredibly confused... i probably should have paused the clip when i left)
anyways good work, and i look forward to the next one
You guys are just amazing!!
Heheh I watched this one on your website before you had the sound hooked up.. I really like the cinematography and camera work.. especially the baseball slow mo thing during the Finrak Andre battle. Its really neat to see how much you two improved in skill over the series too.
Beautiful work.. I see you have episode 18 up on your website. I'll really have to check it out. This series really
contributed to me getting into flash too. Kudos on the near completion of a spectacular series!!
I just love the fight sequences they're done so damn good! I look forward to another episode.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Fruit Trees Article
So, You Want to Buy a Fruit Tree
Okay, so you have made the decision to buy a fruit tree, and you have done some research on caring for the tree, and feel confident that you can do it properly. The next thing you have to decide is what kind of fruit tree you want to buy. Since there are so many varieties, you may find that this is not an easy decision to make. There are fruit trees in many different sizes that grow many different types of fruit. In general, fruit trees are classified in three main sizes, from largest to smallest: standard, semi-dwarf, and dwarf. It is important to put some thought into the process of choosing your fruit tree, as the kind of tree you choose will directly impact the amount and quality of the fruit you reap, as well as the work you will be required to put into caring for the tree.
If you think about getting a standard sized fruit tree, you can expect it to require quite a bit of space, and it may require a lot more effort on your part. These trees must be pruned at least once a year, or they will grow to be massive in size. The good thing about standard sized fruit trees is that they can provide you with massive amounts of fruit, and provide some much needed shade for your yard and home as well. These trees do take a little bit longer than the smaller ones to reach maturity, and may take as long as five years to start bearing fruit.
If you prefer a decent sized tree, without all the work that comes with caring for a standard fruit tree, then you might want to think about getting a semi-dwarf tree. These trees usually top out at about sixteen feet, whereas standard trees can easily reach thirty feet or more. It is still a good idea to prune these trees yearly, especially if you don't want it getting too large for your space. These trees produce quite a bit of fruit, but in some years, may not produce any at all, as they tend to produce fruit for several years, and then skip a year. These trees almost always will provide you with more fruit than the smaller dwarf tree, but are much easier to care for than the standard sized tree.
If space is at a premium in your yard, then you will likely end up getting a dwarf fruit tree. These trees still produce quite a bit of fruit, and are much easier to take care of because of their small size. The only disadvantage is that these trees don't have the lifespan that the other two varieties of fruit trees have. It usually takes about five years for these trees to give fruit as well, so you should ask about the age of the tree at the time of purchase.
You also want to try to find the fruit tree variety that is best able to thrive in your area, as they are affected by the quality of the soil and climate of your area. Some types require a lot of water, while others do better in drier areas. You also want to look at the tree itself, to make certain it appears strong and healthy, paying special attention to the roots and trunk.
Choosing the right fruit tree can take time, but it is well worth the wait!


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We will delivery to all cities in
Puerto Rico
We deliver flowers to the following zipcodes near Bda Tablastilla Puerto Rico PR: 00685, 00669, 00676 We send flowers to these cities near Bda Tablastilla Puerto Rico PR: Bda Chinto Rodon PR, Bda Estalingrado PR, Bda Paralelo 38 PR, Bda Pueblo Nuevo PR, Bda Tablastilla PR, Colinas Verdes PR, Comunidad Gonzalez PR, Ext Villa Rita PR, Jard Guatemala PR, Repto Pin Mendez PR, San Sebastian PR, Urb Chinto Rodon PR, Urb El Culebrina PR, Urb El Guayabal PR, Urb La Estancia PR, Urb Los Alamos PR, Urb Olivencia PR, Urb Pedro T Labayen PR, Urb Pepino PR, Urb Valle Verde PR We deliver flowers to these hospitals near Bda Tablastilla Puerto Rico PR: Aguadilla General Hospital Carr Aguadilla San Juan, Aguadilla, PR, 605, (787) 819-0880 Dr Ramon E Betances Hosp 410 Hostos Avenue, Mayaguez, PR, 00680-1501, (787) 834-8686 Hospital San Pablo Calle Santa Cruz 70, Bayamon, PR, 00961-7020, (787) 740-4747 Ryder Memorial Hospital 355 Font Martelo Street, Humacao, PR, 00791-3249, (787) 852-0768 Doctors Center Km 47-7, Manati, PR, 674, (787) 854-3322 We deliver flowers to these funeral homes near Bda Tablastilla Puerto Rico PR: |
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text:
Dr. Elias Drakopoulos is Chief Operating & Technology Officer at Hellenic Telecommunications Organization SA and a Managing Director at Otenet SA. He is on the Board of Directors at Hrvatski Telekom DD.
He received his undergraduate degree from the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, a graduate degree from Northwestern University, a graduate degree from INSEAD, and a doctorate degree from Northwestern University.


text:
[aprssig] APRS in Atlanta
Stan Coleman [NØYXV] n0yxv at gihams.orgMon Oct 10 22:44:36 UTC 2005
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If youre sending GPS messages getting to the IGate and maybe one or two Digis is the only thing that's important. If youre trying to send messages from point A to point B the IGates already know how to get the message to the other party. Why would you want to plug up a 1200 baud RF network when you can use a high speed internet backbone? The internet is not only faster it's (normally) more reliable. While the RF network can have packet collisions the internet side normally won't. Please don't take this the wrong way I'm merely trying to get more information. But name one connection where you NEED to use RF instead of letting the internet help the packet along. Now assuming there are NO IGates near you then you might have a valid reason to flood several Digi's with your signal. -- visit us online at www.gihams.org Quoting Bill Vodall WA7NWP <wa7nwp at jnos.org>: > > > Now I'm no expert but distance isn't the name of the game here. Contrary to > all > > other forms of Ham Radio you DON'T want you signal to go far, you just want > it > > to make it to the next IGate. If the nearest IGate is only 2 hops away why > send > > your signal 5 or 6 hops away? > > What if you don't care about the IGates? There's still a lot more to > APRS then the Internet side of things. > > Other then that, you're absolutely correct -- you don't "normally" try > for DX like other forms of Amateur Radio. > > Bill - WA7NWP > > > _______________________________________________ > aprssig mailing list > aprssig at lists.tapr.org > https://lists.tapr.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/aprssig >
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You can now filter search results with text. Example: "person: john" will search only person pages for "john".
Everyone is wearing armor in this Toys R Us exclusive book
Get a closer look at the upcoming Marvel event
Big humongous things are happening for BATMAN, SUPERMAN, and JUSTICE LEAGUE. You don't want to miss this issue.
Team » Blue Lantern Corps appears in 99 issues.
The entity of the corps powered by the emotion of Hope
Barry joined the Blue Lantern Corps during the Blackest Night. His was deputized for a 24 hour period by a duplicate of Saint Walker's power ring.
Brother Hymn was the third person to be initiated into the Blue Lantern Corps and he chose Sister Sercy to be the next Blue Lantern to join as is protocol.
Shon is a former Blue Lantern Corps member. He died during the Reach's attack on Odym.
Once a member of the Guardians of the Universe, Ganthet has now been exiled from Oa along with Sayd, a fellow Oa'n. They both now are founders of the Blue Lanterns, using the blue spectrum of Hope.
Saint Walker gave his blue power ring to Hal Jordan in order to purge Hal of being a Red Lantern. Though stuck wearing the blue power ring, Hal did not officially join the Blue Lantern Corps.
Originally thought to be chosen by chance, Ganthet chose Kyle Rayner because he had the ability to harness the powers of the emotional spectrum. Once the Torchbearer of the Green Lantern Corps, Kyle has since graduated to the role Ganthet had intended for him: the White Lantern.
Former member of the Red Lantern Corps and current ally of the Green Lanterns, travelling alongside with Hal Jordan, Kilowog and Aya.
Saint Walker is the Blue Lantern of Sector 1 and the original Blue Lantern, specifically chosen by Ganthet and Sayd.
Sayd founded the Blue Lantern Corps along with Ganthet after they both left the Guardians of the Universe to embrace their emotions. She and Ganthet acted as the group's Guardians.
Bringing Hope to Space Sector 4.
Starfire, in Tiny Titans, becomes a Blue Lantern when she and Stargirl buy a set of Lantern rings from Geoff Johns. Kory tries on the blue ring for a short time, but Hal Jordan eventually takes them away.
Warth was selected to become the Blue Lantern of Sector 2 by Saint Walker.
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Table of contents Kostenfrei
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Genre/Form: | Aufsatzsammlung |
Material Type: | Internet resource |
Document Type: | Book, Internet Resource |
All Authors / Contributors: |
David Waltner-Toews; James Kay; Nina-Marie E Lister |
OCLC Number: | 221664360 |
Description: | xv, 383 p. : ill., maps ; 26 cm. |
Contents: | pt. 1: Some Theoretical Bases for a New Ecosystem Approach -- pt. !!: Case Studies Learning by Doing -- pt. III: Managing for Sustainability: Meeting the Challenges -- pt. IV: Where to go from Here? Some Challenges for a New Science in an Uncertain World. |
Series Title: | Complexity in ecological systems series. |
Responsibility: | edited by David Waltner-Toews, James J. Kay, and Nina-Marie E. Lister. |
More information: |
Is sustainable development a workable solution for today's environmental problems? Is it scientifically defensible? Best known for applying ecological theory to the engineering problems of everyday life, the late scholar James J. Kay was a leader in the study of social and ecological complexity and the thermodynamics of ecosystems. Drawing from his immensely important work, as well as the research of his students and colleagues, The Ecosystem Approachis a guide to the aspects of complex systems theories relevant to social-ecological management. Advancing a methodology that is rooted in good theory and practice, this book features case studies conducted in the Arctic and Africa, in Canada and Kathmandu, and in the Peruvian Amazon, Chesapeake Bay, and Chennai, India. Applying a systems approach to concrete environmental issues, this volume is geared toward scientists, engineers, and sustainable development scholars and practitioners who are attuned to the ideas of the Resilience Alliance-an international group of scientists who take a more holistic view of ecology and environmental problem-solving. Chapters cover the origins and rebirth of the ecosystem approach in ecology; the bridging of science and values; the challenge of governance in complex systems; systemic and participatory approaches to management; and the place for cultural diversity in the quest for global sustainability.
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A copy of The Ecosystem Approach should be placed on the desk of every engineer, manager, environmentalist, politician and teacher. -- Kyrke Gaudreau Alternatives Journal
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H and E Radio Antiques Collectibles Shoppe
241 Center Street
Seymour, Tn. 37865
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Catholic Pocket Dictionary and Cyclopedia
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This lovely Old blue cover Catholic Pocket Dictionary and Cyclopedia containing a brief explantaion of the Doctrines, Discipline, Rites, Ceremonies and Councils of the Holy Catholic Church including an abridged account of The Religious Orders to which is added "One Hundred and Fifty Important Facts in Church History Explained" compiled from approved sources by Rev. James J. McGovern, D.D. Extension Press, Chicago, Il copyright 1906. The book does show its age and the spine, binding does have wear/tear and is loose edges show fray as well as the spine. It is almost 100 years old so it has "aged well". 304 pages. Any questions please email me. Will mail USA address for $5.00


text:
Results 301 - 350 of 1562 | ||
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Ortega O - - 2001
BACKGROUND/AIM: Sodium and water retention is common in peritoneal dialysis patients and contributes to cardiovascular disease. As peritoneal sodium removal depends partly on dwell time, and automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) often uses short dwell time exchanges, the aim of this study was to compare the 24-hour peritoneal sodium removal in ...
Kuhlmann U - - 2001
BACKGROUND: Haemodialysis dose has been shown to have a distinct impact upon the morbidity and mortality rate in patients on regular dialysis therapy. Accordingly, the adequacy of dialysis treatment should be guaranteed. METHODS: In 200 dialysis sessions two or three +/-10% dialysate conductivity variations were applied to test patient compliance ...
Jonkers I J - - 2001
OBJECTIVE: In hypertriglyceridemic patients, hypertension occurs frequently and may be associated with hyperinsulinemia and elevated plasma levels of free fatty acids (FFA). Besides the lipid-lowering effects, fibrates have been shown to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of bezafibrate on hemodynamics ...
Su Y R - - 2001
Hypertension is a major risk factor for heart attacks, stroke, and kidney failure. It is estimated to cause as many as 25% of all deaths in the United States, particularly for African Americans, in whom the disease is both more common and more severe. Essential hypertension is a multifactorial disorder ...
Appel L J - - 2001
BACKGROUND: Few trials have evaluated the effects of reduced sodium intake in older individuals, and no trial has examined the effects in relevant subgroups such as African Americans. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The effects of sodium reduction on blood pressure (BP) and hypertension control were evaluated in 681 patients with hypertension, ...
Schmidt R - - 2001
BACKGROUND: Haemodialysis-induced hypotension is still a severe complication in spite of all the progress in haemodialysis treatment. Because of its multifactorial causes, haemodialysis-induced hypotension cannot be reliably prevented by conventional ultrafiltration and sodium profiling in open-loop systems, as they are unable to adapt themselves to actual decreases in blood pressure. ...
Jougasaki M - - 2001
BACKGROUND: The recently discovered vasodilating and positive inotropic peptide, adrenomedullin (ADM), has strong natriuretic actions. ADM-induced natriuresis is caused by an increase in glomerular filtration rate and a decrease in distal tubular sodium reabsorption. Although ADM is activated in human and experimental heart failure, the role of ADM in the ...
Traş B - - 2001
In the present study, effects of enrofloxacin on biochemical, haematological and blood gas parameters were investigated. Changes in laboratory parameters were monitored during the treatment period. Enrofloxacin was administered (5 mg/kg intramuscularly, once daily) to 10 healthy dogs for 14 days. Acidosis and temporary increases in aspartate aminotransferase, indirect bilirubin, ...
Rosenthal T - - 2001
The effect of age on older hypertensive patient's blood pressure response to increased sodium intake is well known. Salt sensitivity which does increase with age and the decrease in renal function limiting the ability of aged kidney to excrete sodium load are major factors, responsible for rise in blood pressure ...
Imanishi M - - 2001
OBJECTIVE: To find whether sodium sensitivity of blood pressure appears before hypertension and whether the sensitivity is related to diabetic nephropathy, we examined type 2 diabetic patients with normal levels of serum creatinine. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 32 patients were divided into three age-matched groups: 11 patients ...
Arjamaa O - - 2001
In the study reported here, we examined blood pressure and endocrine responses in cold conditions during salt load in young healthy subjects who had previously shown increased resting blood pressure during acutely increased sodium intake. Subjects (n = 53) added 121 mmol sodium into their normal diet for 1 week. ...
Alvarez-Lara M A - - 2001
Evidence exists of the important role of sodium balance and extracellular fluid volume in the genesis of hypertension in chronic renal failure (CRF). Several studies have shown that patients with advanced CRF have an increased, interstitial and intravascular, extracellular water volume (ECW). The relationship between the increase in ECW and ...
Beal A M - - 2000
Intracarotid infusions of noradrenaline (0.15 nmol x kg(-1) x min(-1)) either alone or accompanied by phentolamine (1.5 nmol x kg(-1) x min(-1)) caused similar-sized increases in salivary protein, magnesium and bicarbonate, and decreases in osmolality, sodium, potassium and chloride whereas intravenous noradrenaline stimulated much smaller responses. Concurrent infusions of the ...
Reinhardt H. Wolfgang - - 2000
Total body sodium (TBSodium) is a major determinant of body water and arterial pressure. Several observations, in particular that of a "sodium memory," indicate that TBSodium is a controlled variable. Various regulatory elements are involved, e.g., the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, atrial receptors, and renal arterial pressure. Balance studies in dogs provide ...
Alderman M H - - 2000
The positive relation of sodium intake and blood pressure, first recognized a century ago, has been well established in ecological, epidemiological, and experimental human studies. Equally well established is the association of increasing blood pressure and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Indeed, the pharmacological capacity to reduce blood pressure has produced ...
Appel L J - - 2000
An impressive body of evidence strongly supports the concept that multiple dietary factors influence blood pressure and that modification of diet can have powerful, beneficial effects on this highly prevalent, yet modifiable, cardiovascular risk factor. Dietary therapies with a proven ability to lower blood pressure include reduced sodium intake, weight ...
Vásárhelyi B - - 2000
The aim of our study was to characterize renal function and its relationship to blood pressure in healthy young Caucasian men born with a birth weight under 2,500 g (LBW). Urinary protein patterns, N-acetylglucosamine and gamma-glutamyltransferase activities, fractional sodium and potassium excretions, glomerular filtration rate, blood pressure, and erythrocyte Na+/K+-ATPase ...
van Paassen P - - 2000
Pressure natriuresis (PN), i.e., a rise in renal sodium excretion in response to a higher BP, is involved in long-term BP regulation. PN is blunted in essential hypertension, but the mechanism is unknown. This study assessed the role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in PN in eight essential hypertensive men ...
Leyssac P P - - 2000
Inconsistencies in previous reports regarding changes in early distal NaCl concentration (ED(NaCl)) and renin secretion during osmotic diuresis motivated our reinvestigation. After intravenous infusion of 10% mannitol, ED(NaCl) fell from 42.6 to 34.2 mM. Proximal tubular pressure increased by 12.6 mmHg. Urine flow increased 10-fold, and sodium excretion increased by ...
Lurbe E - - 2000
BACKGROUND: The objective in the present study was to evaluate if obesity beginning in the first two decades of life influences the relationship between ambulatory blood pressure and urinary sodium excretion. DESIGN AND METHODS: Eighty-five obese and 88 non-obese children aged 3-19 years were included in the study. For each ...
Goto A - - 2000
It is clear that defective renal sodium handling plays an important role in the development of hypertension and that this abnormality could be caused by heterogeneous hereditary factors in the kidney. It is likely that sodium pump inhibitors with or without whole-body autoregulation gradually produce a rise in blood pressure ...
Hilary Green J - - 2000
OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of high-calcium skim milk or potassium-enriched high-calcium skim milk on blood pressure compared with nonenriched skim milk. DESIGN: This was a randomized double-blind controlled trial. Each milk intervention lasted for 4 weeks, with a minimum of 4 weeks of wash-out between ...
Agroyannis B - - 2000
The purpose of this study was to determine the changes of calcium and potassium content in red blood cells (RBC) from uremic patients during a hemodialysis (HD) session. In 17 uremic patients on HD, the calcium and potassium content of RBC was determined in 3 blood samples collected at 0 ...
Brown M D - - 2000
The majority of older hypertensive humans are sodium sensitive and they are characterized by increased alpha-adrenergic responsiveness relative to their level of sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity. To test the hypothesis that heightened SNS activity and/or increased alpha-adrenergic receptor responsiveness during sodium loading may play a role in the sodium-dependent ...
Uzu Takashi - - 2000
In patients with essential hypertension it has been postulated that the lack of nocturnal fall in blood pressure (nondippers) is associated with more serious end organ damage than in patients whose blood pressure falls during the night (dippers). Although the mechanism of abnormal circadian blood pressure rhythm remains unclear, our ...
Delemarre F M - - 2000
OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of chronic dietary sodium restriction on uteroplacental circulation. METHODS: In a randomized trial, Doppler flow velocity waveforms of the uterine and umbilical artery were studied at monthly intervals during pregnancy in 59 women on a low-sodium diet and in 68 controls. RESULTS: Pulsatility index (PI), ...
Familial predisposition to hypertension and the association between urinary sodium excretion and ...
Moraes R S - - 2000
The reasons for the inconsistent association between salt consumption and blood pressure levels observed in within-society surveys are not known. A total of 157 normotensive subjects aged 18 to 35 years, selected at random in a cross-sectional population-based survey, answered a structured questionnaire. They were classified as strongly predisposed to ...
Dahlem P - - 2000
In this case report we present a 2-year-old girl with the classical signs of the hyponatraemic hypertensive syndrome. She initially presented with a history of behavioural abnormalities and hyponatraemia (126 mmol/l) and her blood pressure was as high as 220/160 mmHg. After admission, somnolence developed. Intravenous anti-hypertensive therapy was started ...
Ohya Y - - 2000
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of barnidipine hydrochloride, a long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker on urinary sodium excretion in patients with essential hypertension. PATIENTS: Twelve patients (2 males, 10 females) with mild to moderate essential hypertension. METHODS: A single-blinded study. After the control (placebo) period, 10 to 15 mg barnidipine ...
Qidwai W - - 2000
OBJECTIVE: To find out whether individuals with blood pressures on the lower side consume more garlic in their diets. A pilot study to make grounds for more elaborate future trials. METHOD: A questionnaire was developed in order to estimate the dietary intake of garlic per person per month and to ...
Barba G - - 2000
OBJECTIVE: The present study evaluated the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the systemic vascular and renal adaptation to changes in dietary sodium intake. DESIGN AND METHODS: Seven healthy normotensive male subjects were randomized to high or low sodium diets in a double blind crossover design (7 days on each ...
Safar M E - - 2000
Sodium sensitivity is usually studied in terms of change of blood pressure (BP) but the specific effects on conduit arteries have not been addressed. In genetic models of hypertension, chronically increased sodium diet is associated with aortic hypertrophy and development of extracellular matrix independent of BP. These alterations, often associated ...
Centonza L - - 2000
The aim of this study was to investigate whether, in the short term, physiological blood pressure changes are coupled with changes in urinary sodium excretion in normotensive subjects, maintained at fixed sodium intake and under controlled postural and behavioural conditions. Twelve normotensive subjects were recruited. For each subject, seven urine ...
Unwin R J - - 2000
In order to clarify the effects on sodium reabsorption in the loop of Henle of methazolamide (a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor), chlorothiazide and the loop diuretics frusemide and bumetanide, superficial loops were perfused in vivo in anaesthetized rats and the individual diuretics were included in the perfusate. Differentiation between effects in ...
Miller G D - - 2000
The inverse relationship between intake of dairy products and blood pressure levels was first suggested by several epidemiologic surveys in the early 1980's that revealed low calcium intake in populations with increased prevalence of hypertension. Subsequent laboratory and clinical investigations provided further evidence of the association between calcium and blood ...
Hunter J M - - 2000
A survey of 515 non-pregnant women at 12 geographically chosen research sites in rural Mashonaland shows significant differences in mean blood pressure, controlled by age cohorts. Three levels of economic development are identified: (1) the traditional economy on communal lands, with lowest blood pressure, (2) the wage economy in areas ...
Cheung B M - - 2000
We studied 70 Hong Kong Chinese patients with untreated hypertension and 47 normotensive controls. Blood pressure measurements and 24-h urine collection were performed for each patient, and were repeated 12 weeks later in 14 hypertensive patients who remained untreated. Twenty-two hypertensive patients underwent ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. The primary hypothesis ...
Hermansen K - - 2000
Prevention of hypertension, and control of blood pressure in patients with hypertension, are necessary for the reduction of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Lifestyle modifications are one of the most important tools for effective lowering of blood pressure. Most randomized controlled studies have shown that even a modest weight loss of ...
Bode-Böger S M - - 2000
BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in the regulation of blood pressure and local blood flow. Its biological activity is impaired in hypertension and atherosclerosis. Because blood pressure undergoes a circadian rhythm, we investigated whether systemic NO production is dependent on a circadian variability, and whether the phasing of diurnal ...
Oliverio M I - - 2000
To examine the role of the angiotensin II (AT)(1A) receptor in the regulation of blood pressure and sodium balance, we measured systolic blood pressure responses in AT(1A) receptor-deficient (Agtr1a-/-) and wild-type (Agtr1a+/+) mice while dietary sodium content was systematically altered. On a 0.4% sodium diet, systolic blood pressures were significantly ...
Love J N - - 2000
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potential utility of sodium bicarbonate in an established model of acute propranolol toxicity. METHODS: Two minutes after the completion of a propranolol infusion (10 mg/kg), a bolus of 1.5 mEq/kg of sodium bicarbonate solution (1 mEq/mL) followed by an infusion of 1.5 mEq/kg over the ...
Kimura Y - - 2000
OBJECTIVE: The circadian rhythm of blood pressure in patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) is not well understood. We evaluated the circadian blood pressure rhythm in such patients by comparison with that in patients with essential hypertension (EHT). The latter are characterized by a nocturnal blood pressure decline, the so called ...
Haenni A - - 2000
Insulin increases renal sodium reabsorption which may contribute to hypertension. However, acute insulin administration may result in vasodilation. The aim of the present study was to investigate effects on blood pressure and alterations in ion status during hyperinsulinemia. Blood pressure and serum sodium and ionized calcium concentrations were measured before ...
Nakagawa H - - 1999
Using the identical protocol of an Intersalt Study previously conducted, we undertook a new study (Intersalt-2) 8 years later. We measured changes in various factors affecting blood pressure (BP) including urinary sodium and potassium excretion in three districts of Japan: Osaka, Tochigi, and Toyama. Also we evaluated the trends in ...
Widerlöv E - - 1999
OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of food intake on electrocardiogram (ECG) variables (heart rate, QT-, QTc-, PR-intervals, QRS-time) and morphological alterations of the T-waves in 12 healthy male volunteers. METHODS: The study was of open, three-period crossover design. On each occasion, all subjects fasted from midnight. During two of the ...
McKnight K A - - 1999
To examine effects of food restriction resembling very-low-calorie dieting on heart performance, normal rats were fed 25% of ad libitum food intake for 14 days. Although heart weight decreased (P < 0.05) after 5 days, left ventricular systolic pressure as well as rates of pressure development and fall were increased ...
Uzu T - - 1999
BACKGROUND: Recently, we found that sodium restriction shifted the circadian rhythm of blood pressure from nondipper to dipper in patients with the sodium-sensitive essential hypertension. This study examined whether diuretics can transform the circadian rhythm of blood pressure from nondipper to dipper. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 21 patients with ...
Musiari L - - 1999
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether salt-sensitivity in essential hypertension produces a significant comparative difference in diastolic function and ventricular mass when compared with sodium-resistance. Recent epidemiological data have demonstrated a positive correlation between sodium intake and arterial pressure. Furthermore, a positive correlation has been detected between ...
Yoshida M - - 1999
The relationship between blood pressure and urinary sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio was assessed in eight healthy men, none of whom used antihypertensive medications. Blood pressure and urinary sodium and potassium concentrations were measured for 11 to 33 days without any dietary restriction. For two of the eight subjects, the urinary Na/K ...
McCarron D A - - 1999
No single study or avenue of investigation can resolve the scientific controversies that entangle efforts to determine the effects of specific nutrients on medical conditions. To reach consensus in this area requires a substantial body of plausible, reproducible and consistent data from various investigative approaches--such as the data that now ...
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text:
Sleeps | 6 |
Bedrooms | 3 |
Bathrooms | 3 |
Half Baths | 1 |
Property type | townhome |
Minimum Stay | 30 nights |
This is a very exclusive and private residence within walking distance to the center of Palm Springs.
One of the newest and most modern gated communities in Palm Springs. This end unit has a very private heated pool and spa surrounded by a beautifully landscaped courtyard. Enjoy the sun and relax on a lounge chair or create an outdoor meal on the BBQ and enjoy in the outdoor eating area. You will see lovely mountain and desert views from the yard and the pool is stunning in the evening under the desert sky with accent lighting to set the mood.
This home is an architectural masterpiece. Soaring ceilings, walls of glass in almost every room create an open serene atmosphere. You will appreciate the modern decor with truly unique accents and furnishing.
The great room contains a gas fireplace complimenting the adjacent dining/kitchen area. Walls of glass surround this area looking onto the sparkling pool and can be opened creating a seamless indoor/outdoor experience, A high end fully equipped kitchen with stainless steel appliances and granite countertops provide the environment and everything you need to create your gourmet meal, Dining area seats six and bar stools at the counter provide additional eating space. Adjacent to the great room is a powder room and laundry can be found in the two car garage,
A staircase leads to the upper level where you will find a large sumptuous master suite with a glass wall opening to the upper deck. Beautiful bathroom with granite countertop, raised glass bowl sink and large glassed rain shower. Spacious walk-in closet and beautiful furinishings complete this relaxing retreat. Down the hall is the media/den which can be converted to a sleeping area. Once again you will find a spacious, open and bright space with large screen tv and attractive comfortable furnishings. Another full bathroom with the same gorgeous decor is located next to the den.
The second master suite is located in the Casita on the ground floor. The Casita provides a private suite separate from the main living area. A king bed, tv, bathroom and seating area are decorated with the same tasteful decor. Glass patio doors look out to the yard and pool.
This is your Palm Springs vacation retreat while being within walking distance of downtown, restaurants, galleries, museums, grocery and drug stores. Close to the Spa casino and a five minute drive to the airport. Everthing you need is nearby and if you love to shop the Desert Hills Premium outlet is 20 minutes away in Cabazon with over 120 designer stores. Nearby in Palm Desert explore The Living Desert, a one of a kind botanical park and wildlife experience. There are world class golf courses within minutes or you can explore nature hiking the wilderness atop the mountains.
For those guests who need to stay connected or don't want to miss sporting events or the next episode of their favorite show Wi Fi is provided throughout and high definition tvs and cable will keep you entertained and 'plugged in'.
Palm Springs is known for its warm and dry climate making it the ideal destination to relax and unwind. This elegant and unique home can be your private vacation resort!
This condo was outstanding! Very private and quiet. It's central to everything in Palm Springs including close to downtown. You are a 20 min drive to the Cabazon Outlet Malls. The owner has taken care to provide everything you would need for your stay. All you have to do is show up with your suitcase and relax!
This house is expertly outfitted. Well laid out to provide lots of quiet spots if staying with a group. The views are outstanding from both the pool deck and the private master bedroom patio. There is no other place in Palm Springs I'm going to stay at!
Palm Springs Average Temps (degrees F)
January - High 72, Low 40
April - High 87, Low 52
July - High 108, Low - 73
October - High - 91, Low - 57
Rate Period | Nightly | Weekend Night | Weekly | Monthly * | Event | ||||
May 9 2015 -
Oct 31 2015
30 night minimum stay
Nov 1 2015 -
Apr 30 2016
30 night minimum stay
One Time Cleaning Fee | $200 |
Refundable damage deposit | $500 |
Utility Fee $40/day | $1,200 |
Notes |
25% to confirm booking
Balance plus damage deposit due 30 days prior to arrival Cheque/Money Order or Pay Pal. Canadian guests can use bank e transfer. |
* Approximate monthly rate. Actual rate will depend on the days of the month you stay.
Payment is usually accepted in the quoted currency (USD) unless the currency and the amount is specifically agreed in advance with the owner / advertiser.


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Below is the poem entitled Love Frustration which was written by poet Emma Hughes. Please feel free to comment on this poem. However, please remember, PoetrySoup is a place of encouragement and growth.
Read Poems by Emma Hughes
Best Emma Hughes Poems
I Whisper Through the Shadow of Today, If Ever I Could Demand To Yell, No Echo Would Reach These Halls, Of my Seclusion. Reach Me! Try to Declare Some Truth Spoken With Impenetrable Lips. I Am Not My Keeper. I Am But A Part Of An Entity That Could Hail Storms To Devour Hearts Of Pure Love Frustration To Love Is To Live. It Brings Paranoia to Hearts That Never Told The Tale Of Having One Being That Is Themselves , No Heart Has Any Wealth When One Cannot Love Thyself


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- Fun and games
July 13, 2013
Bombay Gymkhana first opened its doors strictly to moneyed Britishers. - Dying to get in
July 13, 2013
At its AGM held on June 29, 2008 it was resolved to put a 5-year freeze on membership applications at Bangalore's most coveted club, the… - Seeking good company
July 13, 2013
Madras Club is today home to modern aristocrats.
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Agar-wal mart
Is the corner shop cornered? Unlikely, say experts. Not only is the retail pie getting bigger, local stores have already braved competition from Indian chains.
Five years ago, when 70-year-old Masood Alam - the owner of a general store in Delhi's Lajpat Nagar area - heard that a large retail store was coming up in his small neighbourhood, it got him worried. This retail chain would be more than 10 times his 120-square-ft store and stock many more products than his 40-year-old outlet ever could. When the store opened, his sales dipped. But surprisingly, he got his customers back in no time. Looking back, he is satisfied, even grateful, for the large outlet that sits some 50-feet away from his store.
Today, Alam's shop is no longer the rickety structure that it used to be. He has given the interiors a makeover, hired and trained an employee who can speak politely to the customers, and made several other small changes such as improving the lighting inside the store and arranging the products in a way that makes shopping easier. "Customers can no longer be taken for granted. You have to offer them a good purchasing experience as competition increases, " he says.
He knows that the country will soon see a rush of even larger stores that would bring along "huge capital that the government is in dire need of". But this time he is not worried. As he attends to the small but loyal crowd of customers at his counter, he is confident that the foreign retail chains will not be any more threat to him than the local chain already established in his neighbourhood. At least six other such general stores have come up in the area in the past few years, and all of them have been registering good growth, he says.
Whether Alam's complacency is misplaced or not is too early to tell. But with the announcement of FDI in retail, most mom-and-pop store owners are busy calculating their risks.
For instance, they know that fewer SKUs (stock keeping units) and small real estate work against them. But the goodwill and loyalty of their customers, cultivated over years, is an advantage that larger chains can't hope to emulate. "Customers have to stand in a queue to make payments at those big stores. But in my shop, I let them pay even at a later date because I known them personally. Customers also have the choice of buying just as much quantity as they require as I don't stock packaged goods, " says another small retail store owner. Home delivery is yet another USP of such shops.
Raj Jain, MD & CEO of Bharti Wal-Mart, says. "The ongoing protests against FDI in retail are mostly sparked by a fear of the unknown. Nowhere in the world have these fears come true and I see no reason why this should happen in India. The argument that people will lose jobs is completely unfounded. Kiranas offer greater convenience, credit and a service that modern retail can never replicate. "
Large retail chains, like Reliance Retail, Big Bazaar and Spencer's Retail, have been operating in India for several years now. "Retail as an industry is not new to India. Twenty-five percent of retail stores in Bangalore, today, are modern conveniences which co-exist with kirana stores, " adds Jain.
To safeguard the interests of domestic retail the government has inserted the clause of 30 per cent local sourcing.
India is home to a staggering 14. 6 million retail outlets. Experts say it is typically a small-retail-channel country and any more channels of trade will only improvise this native format. With advantages of a minimal cost structure and small space enabling them to be closer to their target consumer, it would be virtually impossible for large retail chains to copy the local model.
Even if the present concerns over FDI in retail were to come true, it will take some time for the minimal impact to show. "At the most, the size of the unorganised retail might shrink. But that pinch would not be felt at least in the next decade or so, " says brand expert Harish Bijoor.
According to Bijoor, the entry of large foreign chains will introduce India to modern retail for the first time. "What we have currently in the form of Big Bazaars and such others is the retail version 2. 0. FDI will usher in the next wave, " he adds.
While it would be unrealistic to deny the stronger competition that kiranas would face, experts say apprehensions have been blown out of proportion as these large chains would only come up in select towns. This effectively rules out the concerns about rendering people jobless. "If anything, the investments will bring in more jobs. In the end, it is the consumer that stands to benefit, " says Hemant Kalbag, partner and head of consumer and retail for Asia at A T Kearney.
Quite a lot of the opposition to FDI has, in fact, been coming from the middlemen or intermediaries who bring produce from farm to the market. These middlemen have profited from the ban on foreign investment and it is thanks to them that produce in your corner shop is marked up several times.
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Reader's opinion (1)
There is a place for everybody , if you are competitive. Carrefour did not take away the business of grocery shops. We may do bulk monthly purchases in super markets, whether desi or foreign. But for our daily milk/bread/vegetable/groceries ,we will go to the shop in our neighborhood.