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Stanford researchers find culprit in aging muscles that heal poorly
...t, a protein traditionally thought to help promote maintenance and proliferation of stem cells in many tissues. But in this instance, Wnt appears to block proper communication. "That was a total surprise," said Thomas Rando, MD, PhD, associate professor of neurology and neurological sciences. "We had no idea t...Researchers link metal ions to neurodegenerative disease
...eneficial, such as in long-term memory and synapse maintenance in the marine snail." ...World's largest respiratory health study launches next phase
...development ofrespiratory disease, and also in the maintenance of good lung function and health into middle age. Questionnaires will be sent later this month to all the brothers and sisters of the original TAHSparticipants. So if you have a brother or sister who was born in 1961 then keep your eye out forour que...LSUHSC awarded designation resulting in improved patient safety and outcomes
...ities including those that address acquisition and maintenance of skills; and focus on new procedures and emergin...College, to advance the science of acquisition and maintenance of surgical competence. We are honored to join a group of stellar institutions with this designatio...AstraZeneca announces SYMBICORT is now available in the US
...w available in the United States for the long-term maintenance treatment of asthma in patients 12 years of age an... clearly warrants initiation of treatment with two maintenance therapies. With the U.S. launch of SYMBICORT, millions of asthma sufferers will have a new choice ...CAM-oriented primary care providers result in cost savings, high patient satisfaction
... data frommembers enrolled in a traditional health maintenance organization (HMO). The recent report analyzes datafrom 2003 to 2005 and is a follow up to the original report published in 2004, which compared data from1999 to 2002. Our most recent analysis supports earlier findings that patients visiting CAM-or...GSK announces launch of largest ever Phase III trial in lung cancer treatment
...-A3 ASCI may have the potential to be suitable for maintenance therapy delivered intra-muscularly on an outpatient basis. Phase III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Trial Launch: GSK is now recruiting for a Phase III trial evaluating MAGE-A3 ASCI as adjuvant therapy in MAGE-A3 positive patients with NSCLC. With...New Orleans levee report finished by panel including University of Texas at Austin engineer
...hers with flood control experience who oversee the maintenance and operations of the hurricane protection system. In addition, legislation has been proposed to require the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to have external peer review of major flood control and navigation projects. The external review provided by t...Shark cartilage shows no benefit as a therapeutic agent for lung cancer
...y, and continued on the shark cartilage/placebo as maintenance after completing standard therapy. Researchers say that the study did not meet its primary endpoint: survival. With a median follow-up of 3.7 years, researchers did not find a statistical difference in survival between patients who received the sha...The appetite-regulating peptide leptin influences alcohol craving for some alcoholics
...is an important contributor to the development and maintenance of alcoholism. New findings show that appetite-re...is an important contributor to the development and maintenance of alcoholism. Recent research suggests that appetite-regulating hormones and peptides may be invol...12-month study demonstrated tolerability and efficacy of Daytrana
...ll children then entered an 11-month DAYTRANA dose maintenance phase. DAYTRANA was applied each morning to the h...se adjustments were also permitted during the dose maintenance period. All of the children in this open-label, flexible-dose trial participated in one of four tr...New long-term data analyses for Bifeprunox show favorable effects vs. placebo
...ychotic for the treatment of schizophrenia and for maintenance of stability. Under the terms of a collaboration agreement entered into in March 2004, Solvay Pharmaceuticals and Wyeth Pharmaceuticals agreed to co-develop and co-commercialize bifeprunox and other compounds, which are in earlier stages of developme...Data showed improved quality of life and patient satisfaction with SYMBICORT
...d, combination therapy indicated for the long-term maintenance treatment of asthma in patients 12 years of age an... clearly warrants initiation of treatment with two maintenance therapies. HRQL and Patient Satisfaction Study Results Abstract #954448: This 12-week, randomized...Ulcerative colitis remission rates from long-term safety study of LIALDA presented at DDW
...T1296) A post-hoc analysis of study 303 evaluated maintenance of remission and relapse rates over 12 months. Rem...C. Overall, a total of 459 patients entered the maintenance phase of study 303. Of these patients, 362 patients met the stringent remission criteria (clinical a...New prevention, treatment methods for patients with painful bowel inflammation
...th ulcerative colitis; however, further testing of maintenance therapy with rosiglitazone is needed." Dr. Lewis will present this study on Tuesday, May 22, at 10:30 a.m. in Room 151. Expanded Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (Cx401) for the Treatment of Complex Perianal Fistula. A Phase II Clinical Trial (Abstra...Vacuum cleaning ineffective in allergy avoidance
...better than those with a single layer bag, and the maintenance of the cleaner and integrity of seals and gaskets were important factors in effective cleaning," Mr Sercombe said. "There are many vacuum cleaners on the market that claim to be suited to allergy sufferers. The most important aspect to look for is...Story tips from the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory, May 2007
...ower sources, minimizing operator intervention and maintenance costs. Such a network could play a major role in safeguarding the nations estimated 700,000 tanks, which have a capacity of 2.3 billion barrels of heating oil, diesel and gasoline. Partners in this effort are Pegasus Technologies of Lenoir City and D...Clinical trial data for Perforomist Inhalation Solution presented at International ATS Conference
...afe and effective therapeutic option for long-term maintenance treatment of COPD. Nicholas J. Gross, MD, PhD, ...at 20 mcg/2 mL twice daily, was well tolerated for maintenance treatment over the full 12 weeks of the trial. The side effect profile of Perforomist Inhalation So...Chronic pain can drive you to distraction
...a and Analgesia, suggest that pain may disrupt the maintenance of the memory trace that is required to hold information for processing and retain it for storage in longer-term memory stores. In other words, chronic pain can, quite literally, drive people to distraction. Participants in the studyall of whom had...Clinical trial data for Perforomist Inhalation Solution to be presented at ATS on May 20, 2007
...ed on May 11 by the FDA for long-term, twice-daily maintenance treatment of bronchoconstriction for emphysema and chronic bronchitis, also known as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). For those attending ATS, the two presentations are available as follows: "Nebulized Formoterol is an Effective B...


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The two "eyes" on the Anybot are actually a camera and a laser. The camera "sees," the laser points, and the person on the screen controls it all. Anybots.com hide caption itoggle caption Anybots.com It Was A Good Year For... No Excuses: Robots Put You In Two Places At Once December 31, 2011 It's getting cheaper to be there even when you're far away. Companies that make "telepresence robots" hope to save busy people the hassle of travel. Listen Loading… 4:30 Download Playlist
Phyllis Siegel (right) kisses her wife, Connie Kopelov, after the two exchanged vows at the Manhattan City Clerk's office. The couple were the first same-sex pair to tie the knot in New York City after the state's Marriage Equality Act went into effect on July 24. Michael Appleton/AP hide caption itoggle caption Michael Appleton/AP It Was A Good Year For... 2011: An Extraordinary Year For Gay Rights December 31, 2011 Among the highlights: the passage of New York's Marriage Equality Act; and the end of "don't ask, don't tell." We take a look back with Dan Savage and interview the first same-sex couple to get married in New York. Listen Loading… 11:10 Download Playlist
It's All Politics What Does Santorum's Iowa Rise Mean? Likely Not Much December 31, 2011 This moment in the presidential campaign sun for Santorum feels like it could be very brief indeed. It's just difficult to see how he would sustain his momentum coming out of Iowa, assuming he wins there.
The Two-Way Banana-Sam Found! Monkey Stolen From S.F. Zoo December 31, 2011 The reward for Banana-Sam is now up to $5,000. The squirrel monkey was abducted from his cage, officials say, and the San Francisco Zoo is beefing up security to keep an eye on the rest of their animals.
A vendor sells seafood at a market in East Broadway in New York City's Chinatown. There was a 17 percent drop in the population of New York City's Chinatown over the past decade, and some say it's a sign that Chinatown is becoming more of a symbolic touchstone. Rebecca Sheir/NPR hide caption itoggle caption Rebecca Sheir/NPR Around the Nation The Changing Face Of America's Chinatowns December 31, 2011 For centuries, people from China have immigrated to major cities in the United States. There, many formed their own neighborhoods known today as Chinatowns. But with China's economy booming and the U.S. economy faltering, these historic neighborhoods are seeing declining populations and new demographics. Listen Loading… 6:37 Download Playlist
Sports How To Fix College Sports December 31, 2011 Joe Nocera is among critics who say that college athletics are an exploitative system. In a business that takes in $6 billion in revenue annually, should players get compensation beyond their scholarships? Nocera talks with guest host Jacki Lyden about his plan to make things right. Listen Loading… 5:23 Download Playlist
Sports Sports: Eyes On The Playoffs; Showdown In Ky. December 31, 2011 It's the last week of the NFL season, and a handful of teams are still trying to edge their way into the playoffs. The NBA season is just wrapping up its first week, but already the Miami Heat look to be steamrolling a path straight to those playoffs. Guest host Jacki Lyden is joined by ESPN's Howard Bryant to talk sports. Listen Loading… 4:05 Download Playlist
Around the Nation Take The Day Off. In Fact, Take A Month December 31, 2011 How does unlimited vacation time sound? For workers at a company in the metro D.C. area, that policy is now a reality. Guest host Jacki Lyden has more. Listen Loading… 1:03 Download Playlist
Media The Top 20 Deadliest Countries For Journalists December 31, 2011 For every foreign news story in 2011, there were journalists to report it. That put many journalists in dangerous situations. Guest host Jacki Lyden talks to Joel Simon of the Committee to Protect Journalists about the most dangerous places to be a journalist in 2011. Listen Loading… 3:14 Download Playlist
Middle East Syrian Protestors Seek Out Arab League In The Streets December 31, 2011 In Syria Friday activists called on people to come out in force to show visiting monitors from the Arab League the depth of opposition to President Bashar al Assad's regime. They say hundreds of thousands of people responded, despite the presence of security forces. Nearly two dozen reportedly were killed. Guest host Jacki Lyden talks with veteran foreign correspondent Robin Wright about the situation. Listen Loading… 4:01 Download Playlist
The Impact of War Veterans' New Mission: Taking Care Of Their Own December 31, 2011 The founder of Iraq Veterans Against the War says while U.S. forces will no longer be deployed there, the mission of the organization continues. There's a new focus, though: Members want returning veterans to have an easier road to reintegration than those who returned from Vietnam. Elizabeth Fiedler of WHYY in Philadelphia reports. Listen Loading… 3:48 Download Playlist
What did American eat this year? Some 31 pounds of cheese a person. A lot of it went on top of pizza. John M. Scott/iStockphoto.com hide caption itoggle caption John M. Scott/iStockphoto.com The Salt The Average American Ate (Literally) A Ton This Year December 31, 2011 Coconut water, beets and meatballs may be the latest food trends, but what are most Americans really eating? A lot of cheese, sweets, potatoes and grains.
House Speaker John Boehner, surrounded by Republican House members, speaks during a news conference in Washington in December. The House initially rejected a plan to extend a tax cut for two months to buy time for talks on a full-year renewal. It later compromised — a rare event in 2011. Susan Walsh/AP hide caption itoggle caption Susan Walsh/AP Politics This Year In Congress: Much Drama, Little To Show December 31, 2011 There were at least three countdowns to shutdown, there was the debt-limit fight, plus the will-they-or-won't-they drama over the payroll tax holiday. Looking at how few bills were actually signed into law this year, one might conclude this session was mostly sizzle and not much steak. Listen Loading… 4:10 Download Playlist
Hesham Abdul Ghani and his wife, Oras Touma, came to Michigan to escape religious persecution. Jacki Lyden/NPR hide caption itoggle caption Jacki Lyden/NPR Around the Nation Iraqi Refugees Struggle For Peace In America December 31, 2011 The Iraq War may be officially over, but for thousands of Iraqis who fled to America during the conflict, there's no going home. Many left successful careers to settle in Detroit, where finding a future is a challenge. Listen Loading… 10:32 Download Playlist
President Obama, Vice President Joe Biden and members of his National Security team receive an update on the mission against Osama bin Laden in the Situation Room of the White House. A classified document seen in this photograph has been obscured. Pete Souza/White House hide caption itoggle caption Pete Souza/White House Politics Obama's Grade In Foreign Policy 2011: 'Incomplete' December 31, 2011 Much of global affairs lies beyond any one country's control, even for the most powerful country in the world. Still, the global landscape looks completely different from one year ago, in part due to President Obama's accomplishments. Listen Loading… 4:14 Download Playlist


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Answer this
2 Answers
I want to visit Pearl Harbor while in Maui for a wedding in July - do you have...
I want to visit Pearl Harbor while in Maui for a wedding in July - do you have suggestions.
An anonymous user
asked this on April 10, 2010 at 12:29 PM
2 Answers
- vote
- up down
You can book a flight on Mesa Airlines or Hawaiian Airlines or Moleleku for about a half hour flight for $100.00 its a hundred miles. You will want to go to HNL [Honolulu]. Some of the cheaper hotels are in Pearl City or Waipahu close to Pearl Harbor. Good luck to you.
An anonymous user
answered this on March 24, 2011 at 11:45 PM
- vote
- up down
First up, obviously, Pearl Harbor is on the island of Oahu, so you'll need to book a separate flight to hop between Maui and Oahu. Good luck!
An anonymous user
answered this on April 13, 2010 at 07:04 AM
anonymous user's question
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Watch as Titleist Brand Ambassador Jordan Spieth goes in-depth with Titleist Golf Ball R&D and demonstrates how he approaches a 30-yard flop shot, a 40-yard pitch and a 50-yard low check runner.
Watch NowLearn the facts about golf ball performance and fitting so you can choose the best ball for your game.
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Gabriella Davi-Khorasanee is the co-founder and Editor-In-Chief of M.I.S.S. She is also the founder and designer of Mama, an internationally recognized ladies' contemporary line. Much more than a clothing line, Mama has worked with the likes of Adidas, New Era Cap and Juicy cosmetics on product design and brand development. Find out more at: www.missomnimedia.com
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Patterns of Behavior
Konrad Lorenz, Niko Tinbergen, and the Founding of Ethology
In Patterns of Behavior, Richard W. Burkhardt Jr. traces the scientific theories, practices, subjects, and settings integral to the construction of a discipline pivotal to our understanding of the diversity of life. Central to this tale are Konrad Lorenz and Niko Tinbergen, 1973 Nobel laureates whose research helped legitimize the field of ethology and bring international attention to the culture of behavioral research. Demonstrating how matters of practice, politics, and place all shaped "ethology's ecologies," Burkhardt's book offers a sensitive reading of the complex interplay of the field's celebrated pioneers and a richly textured reconstruction of ethology's transformation from a quiet backwater of natural history to the forefront of the biological sciences.
History of Science Society: Pfizer Award
social relations among scientists as on intellectual brilliance and institution-building."
created an entirely new way of looking at animals."
Theory, Practice, and Place in the Study of Animal Behavior
1. Charles Otis Whitman, Wallace Craig, and the Biological Study of Animal Behavior in America
2. British Field Studies of Behavior: Selous, Howard, Kirkman, and Huxley
3. Konrad Lorenz and the Conceptual Foundations of Ethology
4. Niko Tinbergen and the Lorenzian Program
5. Lorenz and National Socialism
6. The Postwar Reconstruction of Ethology
7. Ethology's New Settings
8. Attracting Attention
9. Tinbergen's Vision for Ethology
10. Conclusion: Ethology's Ecologies
Biological Sciences: Behavioral Biology
Cognitive Science: Human and Animal Cognition
History: American History | European History
Psychology: Animal Behavior | General Psychology
You may purchase this title at these fine bookstores. Outside the USA, see our international sales information.


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Kingdom | Phylum | Class | Order | Family |
Scientific Name: | Rheobates pseudopalmatus |
Species Authority: | (Rivero & Serna, 2000) |
Synonym(s): |
Colostethus pseudopalmatus Rivero & Serna, 2000
Red List Category & Criteria: | Data Deficient ver 3.1 |
Year Published: | 2004 |
Date Assessed: | 2004-04-30 |
Assessor(s): | Taran Grant, John Lynch |
Reviewer(s): | Global Amphibian Assessment Coordinating Team (Simon Stuart, Janice Chanson, Neil Cox and Bruce Young) |
Justification: Listed as Data Deficient in view of continuing doubts as to its taxonomic validity, as well as an absence of information on its extent of occurrence, population status and ecological requirements. |
Range Description: | This species is known only from the region of the type locality, Amalfu (Los Auribios) in Antioquia Department, Colombia. Its altitudinal range is known rather imprecisely, being reported as 100-1,500m asl. |
Countries: | Native: Colombia |
Range Map: | Click here to open the map viewer and explore range. |
Population: | Its population status is unknown. |
Population Trend: | Unknown |
Habitat and Ecology: | Nothing is known about this species' habitat and ecology, and no details are given in the original description, but the larvae are likely to develop in streams. |
Systems: | Freshwater |
Major Threat(s): | The major threats to this species are unknown. |
Conservation Actions: | Further taxonomic research is needed to determine the validity of this species. |
Citation: | Taran Grant, John Lynch 2004. Rheobates pseudopalmatus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 19 April 2015. |
Disclaimer: | To make use of this information, please check the <Terms of Use>. |
Feedback: | If you see any errors or have any questions or suggestions on what is shown on this page, please provide us with feedback so that we can correct or extend the information provided |


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- Filed Under
Gregory Brown, executive chef at Tallahassee's Avenue Eat & Drink, can't quite pinpoint what made him decide that a culinary career was for him.
"It was just the feeling I got, growing up with my mother and my aunt, at Christmas and Thanksgiving," he said. "The energy in the house during those times was always really special for me. Food became a love and passion of mine."
Brown never went to cooking school; he learned everything he knows on the job. ...


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"Fantastic Narration"
While this was a fantastic book, I have to give recognition to Shelly Frasier. Her narration was perfectly matched to Cayce Pollards character; intelligent and engaging. I am listening to "Spook Country" and countless times I wish Ms. Frasier was reading it.
"Great Listen"
I'm not sure why there was a 1 star rating for this. I've listened to a lot of M/M romance, and I really enjoyed this. It's not deep literature, but it had and interesting and unique plot, told from multiple points of view, wasn't too mentally taxing or difficult to follow. The story was romantic without being too explicit.
This is a book I will listen to again and again. I would highly recommend it to anyone into the M/M romance genre.
"Don't be put off by the cover art"
While the editing and narration were slightly off (someone needs to tell the narrator how to pronounce Penelope), this is one of the best gay romance books I've listened to. Characters are subtle and well rounded. The dialog is some of the best I've ever read.
If you are a fan of gay romance, buy this book. I'm not a furry - so my enjoyment of the characters is purely based on the character development and story.


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Shopping Cart
Goal Setting for Sport: A Concise Guide for Coaches and Athletes
Passion for Golf: In Pursuit of the Innermost Game
Intangibles: Big-League Stories and Strategies for Winning the Mental Game?in Baseball and in Life
Leading with the Heart
Coach K's Successful Strategies for Basketball, Business, and Life
The Fighter's Mind
The QB
The Making of Modern Quarterbacks
Season of Life
A Football Star, a Boy, a Journey to Manhood
Counselling Athletes: Applying Reversal Theory
Parenting Young Athletes
Developing Champions in Sports and Life
Deporte y enseñanza comprensiva
Golf Under Pressure
How to Play Under Pressure and Conquer the Choke Point
On The Ball?: How football can help your mental health
Mental Strength & Positive Attitude: 7 Core Lessons For Achieving Peak Performance In Life
A Practical Guide to Achieve Positivity
From Fair Sex to Feminism: Sport and the Socialization of Women in the Industrial and Post-Industrial Eras
Attention!! the Secret to You Playing Great Golf
Achieving Excellence in High Performance Sport: Experiences and Skills Behind the Medals
Sport, Rules and Values: Philosophical Investigations Into the Nature of Sport
Existential Psychology and Sport: Theory and Application
Coping and Emotion in Sport
Second Edition
Sport Medicine and Treatment
In the Name of Hockey
A closer look at emotional abuse in boys' hockey and other sports.
The Psychology of Strength and Conditioning
Mind Games: Inspirational Lessons from the World's Biggest Sports Stars
Motivaciones para la práctica de la actividad física en adolescentes
The Code: Football's Unwritten Rules and Its Ignore-At-Your-Own-Risk Code of Honor
Kabadaro, Martial Arts from the Alley
Sport and Spirituality
Motivation and Emotion in Spor
Body Cultures
Psychology of Physical Activity
El proceso de retirada y ajuste vital en deportistas de alto rendimiento
Psychology in Sport
Talent Identification and Development in Sport: International Perspectives
Complexity and Control in Team Sports: Dialectics in Contesting Human Systems
Performance Analysis of Sport IX
Locker Room Power
Building An Athlete's Mind
Be Your Own Sailing Coach (For Tablet Devices): Become a Winner with 20 Goals for Racing Success
Il training nella scuola nuoto. allenare per la salute e per l'educazione
All About Golf: Golf Tips for Beginners - Learn Golf Basics for the Perfect Golf Swing
Golf Instruction on How to Play Golf- Learn to Improve Golf Swing with Golf Swing Basics
La didattica nell'apprendimento della tecnica natatoria
Brazilian Jiu Jitsu: A Martial Arts Handbook on the Best Brazilian Jiu Jitsu Self Defense Techniques
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The Psychology of Sub-Culture in Sport and Physical Activity
Critical perspectives
Sports Training Principles
An Introduction to Sports Science
Be Your Own Tactics Coach: Improve your Technique on the Water & Sail to Win
Group Dynamics in Exercise and Sport Psychology
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Routledge Companion to Sport and Exercise Psychology
Global perspectives and fundamental concepts
Sport Psychology: The Basics
Becoming a Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology Professional
A Global Perspective


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Music Releases
100% to make a comeback with "Boy Like Me" this week
It has been announced that 100% will make a comeback with new single, "Boy Like Me", on the 7th!
TOP Media shared on their official Twitter on the 3rd, "100%' will make a comeback with new single, 'Boy Like Me'! The 'Boy' series continue following 'Bad Boy', what kind of song could it be? It will be released on music sites on the 7th at noon. They will also start music programs this week so we ask for your love and support~ Thank you!".
100% also released a video of their 'guy chat' and shared their stories about their definition of a 'bad boy' and personal dating styles.
Stay tuned for the release of "Boy Like Me" on the 7th.
Check out the 'guy chat' below!
Tip: Hugh
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Below is the poem entitled WISHES MAY COME TRUE which was written by poet Jeffrey Lee. Please feel free to comment on this poem. However, please remember, PoetrySoup is a place of encouragement and growth.
Read Poems by Jeffrey Lee
Best Jeffrey Lee Poems
As the sun rises I feel nothing but you next to me. I feel so peaceful and so free We've been acquaintances for quite sometime. My only desire was that you'd be mine. At this moment, the present I will always resent My feelings for love I do know where it went Somebody please tell me give me a hint I want to please you in every single way I enjoy being with you all during my day I adore and love you more than anything in this world I love you so, I'll do anything to keep you my girl One look, one touch is all it took At the moment I'm hooked Emotions from the depth of my heart did not surface Until I felt through your hug with that warm embrace You are my soul, and my life Baby, I wish you were my wife I see you understand my need, my desire, my plea And how I wished you would share it all with me Greater love hath no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends. Jesus If you judge people, you have no time to love them Mother Teresa
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Find a gift she'll love. Shop our top 100 gifts for Mom.
Exclusive finds with a new theme each month.
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Our director of creative projects shares what she's into.
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Now you can have flawless skin from the inside out. Revolutionary High Definition Healthy FX Foundation is an oil-free, weightless formula packed with anti-aging, revitalizing and firming ingredients that work overtime to provide cellular nutrition for skin. UVA/UVB SPF 15 offers sun protection, vitamin C fights free radicals, and new cell-energizing Ribose renews the appearance of skin. The unique, patented bio-delivery system gives you time-released moisturization and firming benefits that last all day. Skin is refreshed and revitalized for a flawless future.
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A welfare approach for captive wild birds
von Dietze, E., Napier, K.R., McWhorter, T.J. and Fleming, P.A. (2009) A welfare approach for captive wild birds. In: Australian & New Zealand Council for the Care of Animals in Research & Teaching (ANZCCART) (2009), 28 - 30 July, Port Douglas, Queensland
Working with captive wild birds presents researchers with a multitude of challenges. Not least of these is appropriate cage size. Previous studies have highlighted some AEC concerns in this area. Our AEC has worked with a research group to ensure improved outcomes for captive wild birds in a specific study as well as for future studies. This involved the redesign of an outdoor aviary for the latest cohort of birds (n=8). The re-design includes 8 individual aviaries with sufficient space to allow flight for small birds (<150 g). The birds have been taught to feed in smaller cages within the aviaries so that they are easily re-caught and can be handled for the research. The capacity to reduce the aviary size for trial participation has also been incorporated, allowing researchers to conduct experiments with minimal handling of the birds. Current occupants (Silvereyes, ~10 g) appear to have adapted well. The AEC has also endeavoured to set some guidelines for the time space between the various components of the research so that the birds are provided with time frames free from research interaction in the aviaries. The student researcher has been proactive in including remote monitoring through cameras as well as through nearby windows, and has recently implemented a remote design to close the smaller cages. This session will discuss the process and evaluate its outcomes to date.
Publication Type: | Conference Paper |
Murdoch Affiliation: | School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences |
URI: | http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/4812 |
Item Control Page |
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More documents from Sacchetti, Silvia
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Why, where and with whom do you link? The nature and motivations of linkages within and outside an Italian local system
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Sacchetti, Silvia
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Please use the following Persistent Identifier (PID) to cite this document:http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-133859
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Abstract | Building on Richardson (1972) and on the need of firms to coordinate activities with others in search for related yet different competences, we propose the results of a survey in the Italian Province of Reggio-Emilia (Emilia-Romagna, Italy). Our concerns are related, in particular, with the geography of linkages, their nature, as well as the profile of firms addressing specific types of objectives. Using categorical principal component analysis as well as correspondence analysis, we associate particular groups of motivations with firms' characteristics. Our conclusions support the view according to which the increasing complexity and knowledge intensity of economic activities requires that inter-firm linkages are considered beyond spatial proximity and that knowledge related motivations are associated with specific firms' profiles and patterns of specialisation of activities. |
Classification | Economic and Social Geography; Area Development Planning, Regional Research |
Document language | English |
Publication Year | 2009 |
Page/Pages | p. 197-209 |
Journal | Regional Studies, 43 (2009) 2 |
DOI | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00343400701808840 |
Status | Postprint; peer reviewed |
Licence | PEER Licence Agreement (applicable only to documents from PEER project) |


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squeen wrote:OK. I'm going to continue to champion beta practices. When a major componet like GTK+, Perl, readline etc. gets updated and has the potential to massive disable nekoware, there needs to be a buffer---that's /beta.
joerg wrote:For more information about this issue take a look to
squeen wrote:Neko, you shouldn't have to bear the burden for sure. Instead, the packager should razz the community "SOMEONE PLEASE TEST MY APP", not, "Neko, why haven't you moved my app out of beta?".
I don't really see the issue with apps lingering in beta for awhile if no one tests them.
joerg wrote:I hope you got something wrong.
If i would like so see something in /current i would place it there.
Code: Select all
060815 11:50:38 InnoDB: Started; log sequence number 0 47650
060815 11:50:38 [Note] /usr/nekoware/mysql5/libexec/mysqld: ready for connections.
Version: '5.0.24' socket: '/usr/nekoware/var/run/mysql5/mysql.sock' port: 3306 Source distribution
mysqld got signal 6;
This could be because you hit a bug. It is also possible that this binary
or one of the libraries it was linked against is corrupt, improperly built,
or misconfigured. This error can also be caused by malfunctioning hardware.
We will try our best to scrape up some info that will hopefully help diagnose
the problem, but since we have already crashed, something is definitely wrong
and this may fail.
It is possible that mysqld could use up to
key_buffer_size + (read_buffer_size + sort_buffer_size)*max_connections = 92783 K
bytes of memory
Hope that's ok; if not, decrease some variables in the equation.
060815 11:50:39 mysqld restarted
Code: Select all
Code: Select all
nekonoko wrote:Just a followup on neko_mysql-5.0.24 - I wasn't able to get it to work :(Code: Select all
joerg wrote:This was from the mysql-5.0.7 version. It was fixed in the current package. But the files is marked as 'noupdate'.
About the other problems i will go and see if i can reproduce it.
nekonoko wrote:On a positive note, I was able to turn the blog search back on after the neko_perl-5.8.8 upgrade (and 'DBD::mysql' compile); it was broken after perl-5.8.4 for some reason. Thanks much for the new version whiter!
whiter wrote:in beta:
A file was packaged in subsystem neko_irssi.sw.perl while it actualy belonged in neko_irssi.sw.lib. In the new version of the tardist I moved this. What will inst do when upgrading the previously installed version of the package to this new one?
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US 5422362 A Resumen A method to inhibit the development of intimal hyperplasia following vascular intervention procedures (angioplasty) is disclosed. The method consists essentially of administering a green porphyrin to the subject concurrent with and following the angioplasty. No purposeful irradiation with light absorbed by the green porphyrin is required or employed in the method.
Reclamaciones(22) 1. A method to inhibit the development of intimal hyperplasia following angioplasty which method comprises administering to a subject in conjunction with said angioplasty an amount of green porphyrin (Gp) effective to inhibit said development, and allowing said inhibition to occur in the absence of irradiation with light absorbed by said Gp.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said administering is conducted by administering 2-5 doses, wherein the first said dose is administered within 6 hours of said angioplasty.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein said effective amount is 0.01-5 mg/kg in each dose.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein said effective amount is 0.05-2 mg/kg in each dose.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein said Gp is administered in a liposomal formulation.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein Gp is of the formula 1-6, as shown in FIG. 1, wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are non-interfering substituents.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein R1 and R2 are carbomethoxy and carboethoxy.
8. The method of claim 6 wherein each R3 is --CH2 CH2 COOH or a salt, amide, ester or acyl hydrazone thereof.
9. The method of claim 6 wherein Gp is of the formula 3 or 4, wherein R4 is a non-interfering substituent.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein said Gp is selected from the group consisting of BPD-DA, BPD-DB, BPD-MA and BPD-MB.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein said Gp is BPD-MA.
12. A method to inhibit the development of intimal hyperplasia following angioplasty which method consists essentially of administering to a subject in conjunction with said angioplasty an amount of green porphyrin (Gp) effective to inhibit said development, and allowing said inhibition to occur in the absence of irradiation with light absorbed by said Gp.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein said administering is conducted by administering 2-5 doses, wherein the first said dose is administered within 6 hours of said angioplasty.
14. The method of claim 13 wherein said effective amount is 0.01-5 mg/kg in each dose.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein said effective amount is 0.05-2 mg/kg in each dose.
16. The method of claim 12 wherein said Gp is administered in a liposomal formulation.
17. The method of claim 12 wherein Gp is of the formula 1-6, as shown in FIG. 1, wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are non-interfering substituents.
18. The method of claim 17 wherein R1 and R2 are carbomethoxy and carboethoxy.
19. The method of claim 17 wherein each R3 is --CH2 CH2 COOH or a salt, amide, ester or acyl hydrazone thereof.
20. The method of claim 17 wherein Gp is of the formula 3 or 4, wherein R4 is a non-interfering substituent.
21. The method of claim 20 wherein said Gp is selected from the group consisting of BPD-DA, BPD-DB, BPD-MA and BPD-MB.
22. The method of claim 21 wherein said Gp is BPD-MA.
Descripción The invention concerns methods to prevent development of restenosis or intimal hyperplasia. This process is a commonly occurring side effect of angioplasty. More specifically, the invention concerns inhibition of restenosis by administering a green porphyrin to the angioplasty subject roughly concurrently with the angioplasty procedure and for several months following the procedure. No purposeful irradiation with light is needed to effect the desired inhibition. Invasive manipulation of the peripheral circulatory system to correct occlusive diseases of the arteries has become more and more routine. Over 200,000 procedures are performed annually in the United States alone which involve blood vessel bypasses, balloon catheters, and other "mechanical" techniques to correct the problem. A serious side effect of these procedures is the subsequent development in the subject of intimal hyperplasia which may, itself, constitute a blockage problem. This appears to be a direct response to the intimal injury caused by the intervention; smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts proliferate and create stenoses in the interior of the vascular wall. The mechanism of this process is evidently not well understood, but a central feature of the development of the problem appears to be unwanted proliferation of smooth muscle cells. Various methods have been tried to overcome this dangerous side effect. Approaches have included mechanical manipulation as well as administration of chemical agents such as aspirin, dexamethasone, heparins, calcium channel blockers, and a variety of other agents presumed on the basis of various theories to interfere with the development of the stenoses. They have met with very little success and have side effects of their own. One additional approach is the use of photodynamic therapy (PDT). This form of management, originally applied to cancer treatment, involves the use of photoactive materials which home to tumor tissue, presumably because of the rapidly proliferating nature of the tissue. The photoactive substances, which include psoralen, various porphyrin-based materials, such as Photofrin II™ porphyrin aggregate, chlorins, phthalocyanins, and monohydrobenzoporphyrin derivatives, to name but a few, are harmless unless photoactivated. However, when irradiated with light of appropriate wavelength, the drugs apparently effect the formation of a toxic agent, presumably singlet oxygen, although they themselves are chemically unchanged. The resultant toxic agent causes the destruction of the unwanted tumor tissue. PDT has also been applied with some success to the treatment of atherosclerotic plaques. See, for example, Kessel, D. et al., Photochem Photobiol (1984) 40:59-62; Okunaka, T. et al., Photochem Photobiol (1987) 46:769-775; Spears, J. R. et al., J Clin Invest (1983) 71:395-399; Spokqiny, A. M. et al., J Am Col Cardiol (1986) 8:1387-1392; Copperath, K. et al., Eur Heart J (1989) 10 (Suppl):151; Straight, R. et al., Photodynamic Therapy of Tumors and Other Diseases, (1985) pp. 349-350. The use of PDT to treat or prevent the restenosis that often accompanies angioplasty has also been studied. These studies have either employed smooth muscle cells in (SMC) in culture, on the theory that SMC proliferation is the sine qua non of restenosis, or have used animal models. In general, PDT appears to show promise in this regard. However, controls run in many of these studies, using the photoactivating agent in the absence of light, have provided contradictory results when smooth muscle cells in culture were used as the model system. Applicants are unaware of any animal studies which showed any indication of positive results for preventing restenosis in the absence of light. Dartsch, P. C. et al. reported in Advances in Laser Medicine 4: Laser Angioplasty II Biamino, G., et al. (ads) Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft, Landsberg/Lech, Berlin (1990) 77-80, the results of contracting smooth muscle cells in culture exposed to dihematoporphyrin-ester and -ether (DHE). This porphyrin-based drug is now marketed as Photofrin II™. The report discloses that SMC were isolated by enzymatic disaggregation of either normal or stenosing plaque tissues and cultured in vitro. They were tested in their first, second or third passage by treating them with DHE at concentrations ranging from 0.1-25 μg/ml and irradiated with ultraviolet light. The percentage of viable and still adherent cells was markedly reduced for plaque-derived SMC and much less dramatically reduced for normal SMC. A less dramatic, but nevertheless detectable, effect was observed in the presence of DHE but in the absence of radiation. Specifically, cells treated with 5 μg/ml DHE and light showed a reduction in the number of viable cells to 73% in the case of normal derived cells and 38% for plaque-derived SMC. Using a DHE concentration of 1 μg/ml and an energy density of 1200 mJ/cm2, after 24 hours 80% of the normal SMC and 20% of the plaque-derived SMC were viable. Similar results were reported by this group in related publications: Dartsch, P. C. et al., Atherosclerosis (1990) 10:616-624; Dartsch, P. C. et al., J Am Coll Cardiol (1990) 15:1545-1550. In two recent reports by Sobeh, M. S. et al., results apparently contradictory to those of Dartsch, et al. were obtained when SMC cultured from the intermedia of human long saphenous vein harvested for coronary artery vein bypass grafting, were used in the tests. These cells were treated with Photofrin II™ porphyrin aggregates and irradiated. These reports state that the cells were unaffected by Photofrin II™ porphyrin aggregate at 0-100 μg/ml without light. However, when treated with light energy of greater than 3 J/cm2 in the presence at least 2 μg/ml of the drug, a mean cell destruction of over 80% was reported regardless of wavelength. The reports also state that light without prior chromophore sensitization produced no cell damage. (Vascular Surgical Society of Great Britain and Ireland Annual General Meeting, London, November 1992; 13th Annual American Society of Laser Medicine and Surgery, New Orleans, April 1993.) Asahara, T. et al. reported in Circulation (1992) 86 (Suppl) 1-846, that PDT was able to inhibit restenosis in rabbits that had received balloon injuries of the iliac artery and were fed with a 0.2% cholesterol diet. Hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) was administered 24 hours before irradiation at various times relative to the injury. The best effects were observed when the treatment was administered one week after angioplasty. In another in vivo study, Ortu, P. et al., Circulation (1992) 85:1189-1196, reported that photodynamic therapy, with chloraluminum-sulfonated phthalocyanine (CASPc) used as the drug, was effective in inhibiting the intimal hyperplasia response in rats subjected to balloon injury of the carotid artery. Controls consisted of rats irradiated, but not administered the drug. No controls using CASPc without light were reported. Eton, D. et al., J. Surg. Res. (1992) 53:558-562, reported the effect of photodynamic therapy using Photofrin II™ porphyrin aggregates in a rabbit model wherein the rabbits underwent standardized intimal injury to both common carotid arteries with a balloon catheter. The test animals received Photofrin II™ porphyrin aggregate and subsequent irradiation; the control groups either received no treatment, or chromophore alone, or light alone. The results were evaluated in terms of arterial cross sections. Only the test group showed a statistically significant improvement over the controls, although the animals treated with light alone or Photofrin II™ porphyrin aggregate alone had non-significant lower mean ratios of the area of intimal hyperplasia to the area enclosed by the internal elastic lamina, used as a measure of stenosis in this study. It would be advantageous to provide a treatment to prevent intimal hyperplasia (IH) following vascular trauma which is independent of PDT, so that the necessity to provide light using specialized equipment is avoided. It has now been found that green porphyrins, administered concurrently with, and for a period of time after, angioplastic procedures, can effectively inhibit the undesired stenoses often accompanying this procedure. The invention provides a method to prevent or inhibit the intimal hyperplasia and resultant restenosis which occur as side effects of corrective vascular treatments. The method comprises administering to a subject undergoing an angioplasty, concurrently with this procedure, an amount of green porphyrin effective to interfere with the development of restenosis. The administration of the drug need not be accompanied by purposeful irradiation with light; indeed, the treatment is performed without irradiation by light absorbed by the green porphyrin administered. Thus, in summary, the invention is directed to a method to inhibit the development of intimal hyperplasia following angioplasty, which method consists essentially of administering to a subject, in conjunction with said angioplasty, an amount of green porphyrin (Gp) effective to inhibit said development, and allowing said inhibition to occur in the absence of purposeful irradiation with light absorbed by the Gp. FIG. 1 shows the formulas of typical green porphyrins useful in the invention method. FIG. 2 shows the formulas of 4 particularly preferred embodiments of the green porphyrins of the invention, BPD-DA, BPD-DB, BPD-MA, and BPD-MB. The method of the invention is intended to prevent the undesired side effects of angioplasty. As used herein, "angioplasty" refers to surgical procedures which traumatize the vascular walls. Such procedures include, but are not limited to, femoral-popliteal bypasses, femoral-tibial bypasses, aorto-iliac bypasses, coronary bypasses, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, balloon angioplasty, laser angioplasty and directional atherectomy. Any procedure which involves traumatic manipulation of the vasculature is included in this definition. As used herein, intimal hyperplasia (IH) is defined as a pathophysiological phenomenon which results in the occlusion of the vasculature and is accompanied by the proliferation of cells including smooth muscle cells at the interior of the blood vessels. It is not implied by this definition that the method of the invention necessarily directly inhibits the proliferation of SMC; however, the condition which the method of the invention is designed to inhibit includes such proliferation. By "in conjunction with angioplasty" is meant application of the method beginning at a time roughly accompanying the angioplastic procedure. This may include multiple or single treatments in the ensuing days, weeks or months after the procedure is performed. "In conjunction with" refers to a time period within the ambit of the effects of the angioplasty procedure. Typically, an initial dose of green porphyrin will be within 6-12 hours of the angioplasty, preferably within 6 hours thereafter. Follow-up dosages may then be made at weekly, biweekly, or monthly intervals. Design of particular protocols depends, of course, on the individual subject, the condition of the subject, the design of the dosage levels, and the judgment of the attending practitioner. The green porphyrins useful in the method of the invention are described in detail in the issued U.S. Pat. No. 5,171,749 which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference. These compounds are porphyrin derivatives obtained by reacting a porphyrin nucleus with an alkyne in a Diels-Alder type reaction to obtain a monohydrobenzoporphyrin. Preferred embodiments of the Gp are those wherein the resulting Diels-Alder product is rearranged and partially hydrolyzed. A particularly preferred set of embodiments is designated in the referenced patent as BPD-DA, -DB, -MA, and -MB. Particularly preferred and exemplified herein is BPD-MA. In further detail with respect to the green porphyrins useful in the invention, the general structures of typical green porphyrins are shown in FIG. 1. Particularly preferred forms are shown in FIG. 2. Gp is selected from a group of porphyrin derivatives obtained using Diels-Alder reactions of acetylene derivatives with protoporphyrin under conditions which effect a reaction at only one of the two available conjugated, nonaromatic diene structures present in the protoporphyrin-IX ring system (rings A and B). The formulas shown in FIG. 1 represent typical green porphyrins useful in the invention. These compounds are shown in the figure with hydrogen occupying the internal ring nitrogens; however, it is understood that the metalated forms wherein a cation replaces one or both of these hydrogens can also be employed. It is also understood that these compounds can be labeled either by replacement of one or more of the atoms in the structure by its radioactive form, or by coupling to a radioisotope such as a radioactive metal or, for example, a radioisotope of iodine. For convenience, an abbreviation of the term hydro-monobenzoporphyrin derivative --"BPD"--is generally used to refer to compounds of formulas 3 and 4 of FIG. 1. These are the preferred forms of Gp. As shown in FIG. 1, R1, R2, R3 and R4 are non-interfering substituents which do not affect, appreciably, the activity of the compound in the invention method. Most typically, R1 and R2 are carbalkoxy groups, typically methyl or ethyl carboxy esters. Most commonly R3 is 2-carboxyethyl or the alkyl ester thereof and R4 is vinyl. These preferred embodiments result from the availability of native porphyrins and are not mandated by considerations of biological efficacy. By "non-interfering substituents" is meant substituents which do not destroy the ability of the green porphyrin to inhibit hyperplasia. Dimeric forms of the Gp and dimeric and multimeric forms of Gp/porphyrin combinations can also be employed. "Green porphyrin" refers to a porphyrin nucleus modified, for example, by a Diels-Alder reaction involving the conjugated system comprising a pyrrole nucleus and a vinyl substituent with an acetylene dienophile. This results in a fused cyclohexadiene--referred to herein as "hydrobenzo"--fused to the A or B ring, as shown in formulas 1 and 2. Rearrangement of the π system in the hexadiene ring results in the compounds of formulas 3 and 4; reduction provides the compounds of formulas 5 and 6. Specific preparation of this class of Gp compounds useful in the invention is described in detail in U.S. Pat. No. 5,095,030 incorporated herein by reference. For the compounds shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, generally, R1 and R2 are each, independently, moderate electron-withdrawing substituents, and are, most commonly, carbalkoxy, alkyl or aryl sulfonyl, or any other activating substituents which are not sufficiently electron-withdrawing to result in reaction with both A and B rings rather than reaction with only one. One of R1 and R2 may optionally be H while the other is an electron withdrawing substituent of sufficient strength to facilitate the Diels-Alder reaction. As used herein, carboxy is, as conventionally defined, --COOH and carbalkoxy is --COOR, wherein R is alkyl; carboxyalkyl refers to the substituent --R'--COOH wherein R' is alkylene; carbalkoxyalkyl refers to --R'--COOR wherein R' and R are alkylene and alkyl respectively. Alkyl is a saturated straight or branched chain hydrocarbyl of 1-6 carbon atoms such as methyl, n-hexyl, 2-methylpentyl, t-butyl, n-propyl, and so forth. Alkylene is as alkyl except that the group is divalent. Aryl or alkyl sulfonyl moieties have the formula SO2 R wherein R is alkyl as above-defined, or is aryl, wherein aryl is phenyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents independently selected from halo (fluoro, chloro, bromo or iodo), lower alkyl (1-4C) or lower alkoxy (1-4C). In addition, one or both R1 of R2 can itself be aryl--i.e., phenyl optionally substituted as above defined. As shown in FIG. 1, the adduct formed by the reaction of R1 --C.tbd.C--R2 with the protoporphyrin-IX ring system (R3 is a protected form of 2-carboxyethyl such as 2-carbomethoxyethyl or 2-carboethoxyethyl; R4 is CH═CH2) are compounds of the formulas 1 and 2 wherein the compound in formula 1 results from addition to the A ring and formula 2 results from addition to the B ring. In these resulting products of formulas 1 and 2, R4 remains CH═CH2, however this vinyl group is readily derivatized to other embodiments of R4 by addition to or oxidation of the vinyl ring substituent of ring B in formula 1 or ring A in formula 2. The addition or oxidation products can be further substituted if the added substituents are functional leaving groups--for example--Br may be substituted by --OH, --OR (R is alkyl 1-6C as above), or --NH2, --NHR, --NR2, etc. In preferred embodiments, one of the added substituents is hydrogen, and the other is selected from the group consisting of halo (fluoro, chloro, bromo or iodo), hydroxy, lower alkoxy, amino or an amide, sulfhydryl or an organo-sulfide or can be, itself, hydrogen. The product of the Markonikov addition of water provides a substituent structure analogous to the hematoporphyrin ring system at the relevant ring. Thus, the compounds of the invention include various groups as R4, including substituents which provide additional porphyrin or porphyrin-related ring systems, as will be further described below. R3 in protoporphyrin-IX is 2-carboxyethyl (--CH2 CH2 COOH). However, the nature of R3 (unless it contains a π-bond conjugated to ring π-bond), is ordinarily not relevant to the progress of the Diels-Alder reaction or to the effectiveness of the resulting product. R3 can thus be, for example, lower alkyl (1-4C), or ω-carboxyalkyl (2-6C) or the esters or amides thereof. The R3 substituent may also be substituted with halogen as above-defined, or with other nonreactive substituents. However, as the convenient starting materials for the Gp compounds of the invention are the naturally occurring porphyrins, the preferred substituents for R3 are --CH2 CH2 COOH or --CH2 CHR2 COOR, wherein R is alkyl (1-6C). The hydro-monobenzoporphyrins which directly result from the Diels-Alder reaction described in the cited references can also be isomerized to compounds of formulas shown as 3 and 4 of FIG. 1. The depictions of compounds 3 and 4 in FIG. 1 do not show the relative position of the exocyclic methyl group (ring A of formula 3 and ring B of formula 4) with respect to the R2 substituent. Either isomer is available. In addition, the Diels-Alder products can be selectively reduced by treating with hydrogen in the presence of palladium on charcoal to give the saturated ring analogs, shown as formulas 5 and 6 in FIG. 1, corresponding to the respective Diels-Alder products of rings A and B. These reduced products are less preferred embodiments, and are less useful in the method of the invention than the compounds of formulas 1-4. The description set forth above with respect to the compounds of formulas 1 and 2 concerning derivatization by conversion of the remaining vinyl substituent (R4) and with respect to variability of --R3 applies as well to the compounds of formulas 3, 4, 5 and 6. In the BPD compounds of the invention, it has been found advantageous to hydrolyze or partially hydrolyze the esterified carboxy group in --CH2 CH2 COOR. The hydrolysis occurs at a much faster rate than that of the ester groups of R1, R2, and the solubility and biodistribution characteristics of the resulting compounds are more desirable than those of the unhydrolyzed form. Hydrolysis results in the diacid or monoacid products (or their salts). The compounds of formulas 3 and 4 (BPD), and especially those which have hydrolyzed and partially hydrolyzed carbalkoxy groups in R3, are most preferred. Compounds of the invention which contain --COOH may be prepared as the free acid or in the form of salts with organic or inorganic bases. FIG. 2 shows four particularly preferred compounds of the invention. These compounds are collectively designated benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD) as they are forms of Gp having the formula 3 or 4. These are hydrolyzed or partially hydrolyzed forms of the rearranged products of formula 3 and 4, wherein one or both of the protected carboxyl groups of R3 are hydrolyzed. The ester groups at R1 and R2 hydrolyze relatively so slowly that conversion to the forms shown in FIG. 2 is easily effected. For purposes of this description, R3 is --CH2 CH2 COOR3'. As shown in FIG. 2 , each R3' is H in preferred compound BPD-DA, R1 and R2 are carbalkoxy, and derivatization is at ring A; BPD-DB is the corresponding compound wherein derivatization is at ring B. BPD-MA represents the partially hydrolyzed form of BPD-DA, and BPD-MB, the partially hydrolyzed form of BPD-DB. Thus, in these latter compounds, R1 and R2 are carbalkoxy, one R3' is H and the other R3' is alkyl (1-6C). The compounds of formulas BPD-MA and BPD-MB may be homogeneous wherein only the C ring carbalkoxyethyl or only the D ring carbalkoxyethyl is hydrolyzed, or may be mixtures of the C and D ring substituent hydrolyzates. In addition, mixtures of any two or more of BPD-MA, -MB, -DA and -DB may be employed in the method of the invention. It will be noted that many of the compounds of FIG. 1 contain at least one chiral center and therefore exist as optical isomers. The method of the invention can employ compounds having both configurations of the chiral carbons, whether the compounds are supplied as isolates of a single stereoisomer or are mixtures of enantiomers and/or diastereomers. Separation of mixtures of diastereomers may be effected by any conventional means; mixtures of enantiomers may be separated by usual techniques of reacting them with optically active preparations and separating the resulting diastereomers. It should further be noted that the reaction products may be unseparated mixtures of A and B ring additions, e.g., mixtures of formulas 1 and 2 or 3 and 4 or 5 and 6. Either the separated forms--i.e., formula 3 alone or 4 alone, or mixtures in any ratio may be employed in the methods of therapy and diagnosis set forth herein. Generally, and in summary with respect to substituents, each R1 and R2 is independently selected from the group consisting of carbalkoxy (2-6C), alkyl (1-6C) sulfonyl, aryl (6-10C) sulfonyl, aryl (6-10C); cyano; and --CONR5 CO-- wherein R5 is aryl (6-10C) or alkyl (1-6C); each R3 is independently ω-carboxyalkyl (2-6C) or a salt, amide, ester or acylhydrazone thereof, or is alkyl (1-6C); and R4 is vinyl, CHCH2, CHOR4', --CHO, --COOR4', CH(OR4')CH3, CH(OR4')CH2 OR4', --CH(SR4')CH3, --CH(NR4')CH3, --CH(CN)CH3, --CH(COOR4')CH3, --CH((OOCR4')CH3, --CH(halo)CH3, or --CH(halo)CH2 (halo), wherein R4' is H, alkyl (1-6C) optionally substituted with a hydrophilic substituent, or wherein R4 is an organic group of <12C resulting from direct or indirect derivatization of vinyl, or wherein R4 is a group containing 1-3 tetrapyrrole-type nuclei of the formula --L--P as herein defined. Compounds of the formulas 3 and 4 and mixtures thereof are particularly preferred. Also preferred are those wherein R1 and R2 are the same and are carbalkoxy, especially carboethoxy; also preferred are those wherein R4 is --CHCH2, CH(OH)CH3 or --CH(halo) CH3, or is a group containing 1-3 tetrapyrrole-type nuclei of the formula --L--P (defined below). As used herein, "tetrapyrrole-type nucleus" represents a four-ring system of the skeleton: ##STR1## and a salt, ester, amide or acylhydrazone thereof, which is highly conjugated. It includes the porphyrin system, which is, in effect, a completely conjugated system, the chlorin system, which is, in effect, a dihydro form of the porphyrin, and the reduced chlorin system, which is a tetrahydro form of the completely conjugated system. When "porphyrin" is specified, the completely conjugated system is indicated; Gp is effectively a dihydro form of the porphyrin system. One group of compounds is that wherein the substituent R4 includes at least one additional tetrapyrrole-type nucleus. The resulting compounds of the invention are dimers or oligomers in which at least one of the tetrapyrrole-type ring systems is Gp. Linkage between the Gp moiety through the position of R4 to an additional tetrapyrrole-type ring system may be through an ether, amine or vinyl linkage. Additional derivatization in the case of porphyrin ring systems which have two available substituent positions (in both A and B rings) corresponding to R4 can also be formed, as further described below. As stated above, the compounds of formulas shown in FIG. 1 include those wherein the embodiment of R4 is formed by addition to the vinyl groups of initial Gp products. Thus, R4 can be any substituent consistent with that formed by a facile addition reaction. Thus, both added substituents can be, for example, OH or halo, and these substituents can be further substituted, or the addition reagent may be of the form HX wherein H is added to the ring-adjacent carbon to provide R4 of the form ##STR2## The vinyl group can also be oxidized to obtain R4 as CH2 OH, --CHO, or COOH and its salts and esters. Thus, in general R4 represents any substituents to which the vinyl group --CH═CH2 is readily converted by cleavage or addition, and further resultants of reaction of leaving groups with additional moieties. Typical R4 substituents include: CH(OH)Me, --CHBrMe, --CH(OMe)Me, --CH(pyridinum bromide)Me, --CH(SH)Me and the disulfide thereof, --CHOHCH2 OH, --CHO, and --COOH or --COOMe. When R4 is --L--P, the substituent formula "--L--P" represents a substituent wherein --L-- is selected the group consisting of ##STR3## and P is selected from the group consisting of Gp wherein Gp is of the formula 1-6 shown in FIG. 1, but lacking R4 and conjugated through the position shown in FIG. 5 as occupied by R4 to L, and a porphyrin. (It is also understood that when --L-- is of the formula (e) or (f), the ring system to which the double bond is attached will have a resonance system corresponding to ##STR4## in the ring to which the double bond is attached, as shown.) The dimers and oligomeric compounds of the invention can be prepared using reactions analogous to those for dimerization and oligomerization of porphyrins per se. The green porphyrins or green porphyrin/porphyrin linkages can be made directly, or porphyrins may be coupled, followed by a Diels-Alder reaction of either or both terminal porphyrins to convert to the corresponding green porphyrin. In the method of the invention, the subject is administered an amount of the Gp compound or a mixture of Gp compounds in one or several dosages. Suitable amounts for total dosage are in the range of 0.04-20 mg/kg body weight; preferably 0.2-8 mg/kg body weight. Typical amounts per dose are in the range of 0.01-5 mg/kg or preferably 0.05-2 mg/kg. These dosage ranges are intended to be suggestive and not limiting, since of course the individual reactions of particular subjects will vary. Adjustment of the dosage ranges in accordance with these variations is routine among practitioners. Similarly, no single protocol is desirable for all cases. However, typical protocols will include an initial dose administered within six hours before or after the angioplasty procedure followed by 1-4 additional doses at weekly, biweekly or monthly intervals. Again, these protocols are not intended to be limiting in view of the wide variation in protocol design permitted. The Gp of the invention may be administered as a single compound, preferably BPD-MA, or as mixtures of various Gps. Suitable formulations include those appropriate for systemic administration, including preparations for injection, transmucosal or transdermal administration, or even oral administration. A particularly preferred means of formulating the Gp of the invention for this use is in the form of liposomes. The Gp may be included within the liposomes, attached to their surface, or both. Suitable methods for preparing liposomes are well known in the art, and inclusion of Gp in such preparations is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,214,036 and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 07/832,542 filed 15 Mar. 1993, both of which are incorporated herein by reference. As stated above, the Gp compounds and formulations are administered without the necessity of irradiating the site of potential restenosis with light absorbed by the Gp. By "in the absence of irradiation with light absorbed by said Gp" is meant that no such deliberate irradiation is administered. The phrase does not, of course, exclude inadvertent, coincidental, or normal exposure of the affected tissues to light. The following examples are intended to illustrate but not to limit the invention. Two groups of eight rabbits each were induced to an atherosclerotic state by an atherogenic diet and balloon-stretch injury of the aorta as described previously Johnson, et al. Laser Research in Medicine (1987) 10:13-17. The experimental group received 2 mg/kg BPD-MA intravenously at the time of the injury, and one, two and three months later; the control group received no drug. The smooth muscle cell proliferation and intimal hyperplasia was quantitated in both groups at four months by sacrificing the animals and comparing the magnitude of formation by microscopy. The results were evaluated as percentage of occlusion and thickness of the intimal hyperplasia. Percent occlusion used 6 diameters yielding 12 points on the vessel wall, in a clock-like format. Percent occlusion was calculated by the formula ##EQU1## For intimal hyperplasia thickness, 12 measures were taken in a clock-like format and the average of 12 thickness measurements was computed. On gross examination, the controls had diffuse IH throughout the aorta in seven out of eight animals. The experimental group had no IH in four out of eight animals, only one small area in three out of eight and a mild diffuse IH in one. When evaluated by microscopy, the mean IH thickness in the control group was 190μ and in the experimental group 21μ; normal media thickness was 140μ. Lumen reduction by IH was 27% in the controls and only 3% in the BPD-treated rabbits. Media invasion and wall calcification were seen in six and five of the eight controls, respectively, but in none of the test animals. Smooth muscle cells were present in IH of all animals showing IH, and were dense in controls and less dense in BPD treated animals. Thus, BPD-MA markedly inhibits IH in this model. Citas de patentes
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Diet |
Diabetes and Vegetarian HealthVegetarians Have Much Lower Risk of Type II DiabetesStudies show that vegetarians have a substantially lower risk of type II diabetes than non-vegetarians. The link between meat consumption and incidence of diabetes remains after contributory factors such as weight, physical activity and other dietary factors are accounted for. Vegetarian Diet Reflects Diabetic Dietary GuidelinesAn average vegetarian diet closely matches dietary guidelines (eg. British Diabetic Association's recommendations) for diabetic patients. Vegetarian diets tend to be high in complex carbohydrates and dietary fibre, which has a beneficial effect on carbohydrate metabolism, lowering blood sugar levels. Vegetarians: Less Obesity and Lower Cholesterol - Both Affect DiabetesThe leanness of vegetarians also contributes to reduced incidence of diabetes. Diabetes is often associated with raised blood cholesterol levels and a vegetarian diet confers protection against this. Sources include: Snowdon, D. (1985) Does a vegetarian diet reduce the occurrence of diabetes? Am Jnl Public Health v.75 p.507-12. Snowdon, D. (1988) Animal product consumption and mortality because of all causes combined, coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and cancer in Seventh Day Adventist. Am Jnl Clinical Nutrition v.48 p.739-48. |
Vegetarian Diet Information Databank |
Vegetarian Diet Information Vegetarianism is a healthy option and vegetarian diets can be perfectly healthy eating plans but care should be taken to ensure optimum nutrition. So, whether following an ovo-lacto or other type of vegetarian food plan, or vegan diet, for a healthy body and weight make it a balanced eating plan and take regular exercise. Always consult a doctor before beginning a weight loss diet or new fitness routine. Please also read Terms. Copyright Vegetarian Diet Information 2003-2015 |


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March 21, 2003 - Chicago Area Peace Corps Association: Chicago to Host 2004 National Peace Corps Conference
Peace Corps Online
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March 2003 Peace Corps Headlines
: March 21, 2003 - Chicago Area Peace Corps Association: Chicago to Host 2004 National Peace Corps Conference
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Chicago to Host 2004 National Peace Corps Conference
Read and comment on this Press Release from the Chicago Area Peace Corps Association (CAPCA) that the National Peace Corps Association (NPCA) has selected Chicago as the host city for the 2004 NPCA National Conference at:
Chicago to Host 2004 National Peace Corps Conference
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Chicago to Host 2004 National Peace Corps Conference
The National Peace Corps Association (NPCA) has selected Chicago as the host city for the 2004 NPCA National Conference. The site selection was announced on February 2nd during the NPCA's winter board meeting in Providence, RI.
The Chicago Area Peace Corps Association (CAPCA) in conjunction with the NPCA will hold the four-day conference from August 5th to 8th, 2004, supporting the chosen theme Peace Corps 2004: Celebrating a Legacy of Service. The conference coincides with CAPCA's 25th anniversary.
In keeping with the theme, CAPCA will be inviting leaders in peace and advocacy to speak and will be presenting awards of recognition to strong legacies within the Peace Corps family. Workshops presented during the conference will cover a variety of topics, including: international affairs, stateside advocacy of international projects, global education and international business practices.
Conference participants will have the opportunity to work as volunteers in the Chicago area or promote peace and Peace Corps awareness through a 5K Fun Walk/Run. Attendees are also encouraged to attend the International Marketplace, an event encouraging artisans in Chicago and around the nation to exhibit their wares, and the Career Fair, bringing together organizations and universities interested in internationally-minded persons with backgrounds in grassroots development.
CAPCA is currently looking for the support of other interested organizations in the Chicago area. Potential presenters, volunteers, sponsors or those with any additional questions should contact the NPCA 2004 Conference Planning Committee Chair, Trina Janes, at email@example.com or 312/645-9400 ex. 35.
The Chicago Area Peace Corps Association (CAPCA) brings together nearly 600 returned Peace Corps Volunteers who live and work in the Chicago area. Founded in 1979 and incorporated in 1991 as a non-profit organization, CAPCA is affiliated with the Washington, D.C. based National Peace Corps Association (www.rpcv.org).
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Sports is Spiritual.
Click here for crazy videos: Hail Mary! Sports is Spiritual, Part I.
In professional sports, just about everyone is trained and fit and skilled, top of their game. But…the difference between success and defeat is…the mind. An idea. I'll just…flip over this guy. I can do this. No one's ever done this. I can do this—I'm doing this:
Jerome Simpson (Bengals) Touchdown Endzone Flip
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spontaneous perfection. BrilSan. like, Flash on THIS


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dc.contributor.advisor | Chase, Jeffrey S | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Grit, Laura Ellen | en_US |
dc.date.accessioned | 2008-01-02T16:33:26Z | |
dc.date.available | 2008-01-02T16:33:26Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2007-12-14 | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10161/432 | |
dc.description | Dissertation | en_US |
dc.description.abstract | Advances in server virtualization offer new mechanisms to provideresource management for shared server infrastructures. Resourcesharing requires coordination across self-interested systemparticipants (e.g., providers from different administrative domains orthird-party brokering intermediaries). Assignments of the sharedinfrastructure must be fluid and adaptive to meet the dynamic demandsof clients. This thesis addresses the hypothesis that a new, foundational layerfor virtual computing is sufficiently powerful to support a diversityof resource management needs in a general and uniform manner.Incorporating resource management at a lower virtual computing layerprovides the ability to dynamically share server infrastructurebetween multiple hosted software environments (e.g., grid computingmiddleware and job execution systems). Resource assignments withinthe virtual layer occur through a lease abstraction, and extensiblepolicy modules define management functions. This research makes thefollowing contributions: * Defines the foundation for resource management in a virtual computinglayer. Defines protocols and extensible interfaces for formulatingresource contracts between system participants. Separates resourcemanagement functionalities across infrastructure providers,application controllers, and brokering intermediaries, and explores theimplications and limitations of this structure. * Demonstrates policy extensibility by implementing a virtualcomputing layer prototype, Shirako, and evaluating a range of resource arbitration policies for various objectives. Provides results with proportional share, priority, worst-fit, andmulti-dimensional resource slivering. * Defines a proportional share policy, WINKS, that integrates a fairqueuing algorithm with a calendar scheduler. Provides a comprehensiveset of features and extensions for virtual computing systems (e.g.,requests for multiple resources, advance reservations,multi-dimensional allocation, and dynamic resource pools). Shows thepolicy preserves fairness properties across queue transformations andcalendar operations needed to implement these extensions. * Explores at what layer, and at what granularity, decisions about resource control should occur. Shows that resource management at a lower layer can expose dynamic resource control to hosted middleware,at a modest cost in fidelity to the goals of the policy. | en_US |
dc.format.extent | 2667320 bytes | |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
dc.language.iso | en_US | |
dc.subject | Computer Science | en_US |
dc.title | Extensible Resource Management for Networked Virtual Computing | en_US |
dc.type | Dissertation | en_US |
dc.department | Computer Science | en_US |


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- Filed Under
The relatively high temperatures will stick around through the rest of the week, although some level of cloudiness will continue as some overrunning moisture climbs over our ridge of high pressure.
Because of the ridge, there's really no chance of getting any showers out of the clouds. High temperatures in the 60s and 70s will continue through the weekend.Seven-day forecast for Reno:
Today: Mostly sunny, with a high near 75. Southwest wind 5 to 10 mph increasing to 10 to 15 mph in the afternoon. Winds could gust as high as 25 mph. ...


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> Cal Poly > Information Services > Robert E. Kennedy Library
Home > Campus Documents > Public Affairs Office > Press Releases > 91
Cal Poly Baker Forum to Highlight Future of Polytechnic Education Keynote Speaker is John P. Morgridge, Chairman Emeritus, Cisco
Public Affairs Office, California Polytechnic State University - San Luis Obispo
May 25, 2008.
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© Julie Young
The winds caused major damage to the front entrance of the No Frills in Barrington Passage.
A major winter storm knocked out power, felled trees and paralyzed much of Shelburne County with high winds and heavy snow causing blizzard conditions on Saturday morning.
A major storm surge flooded low lying areas across the county, including along Dock Street in Shelburne and areas in Lockeport.
The most spectacular damage may be to the former Atlantic Superstore entrance in Barrington Passage where many of the large outdoor windows came crashing down during the winds that sometimes exceeded 120 kilometres an hour.
Thousands were without power and Nova Scotia Power crews were busy reconnecting people. Most businesses were closed for the day.
The Island & Barrington Passage fire hall in Centreville was also open to the public as a comfort centre where they have heat, power and food. We will update this story later this afternoon as more information about storm becomes available.


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Home |
2 Spindle Back Chairs w/Brown Leather & Swivel Base browse these categories for related items... Directory: Gifts & Home Decor: Furniture: New: item # 125573 Please refer to our stock # 4150 when inquiring.
Antiquarian Traders 9031 West Olympic Blvd. Beverly Hills, California 90211 tel. 310-247-3900 Guest Book $800.00 |
Pair of large spindle back chairs with black leather seats. A swivel base has been added and the legs have been hand carved to fit each chair. The upholstery is done in top grain leather. These chairs are as beautiful as they are comfortable. $800.pr or $400.ea. |
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MattBrooklyn, NYHairBlackThick or Coarse HairQuality ProductA little goes a long way. Non-greasy, exceptional lasting hold and easy to wash out. It has a relatively neutral smell, which I certainly appreciate. I've found my new hair product moving forward and I would recommend this over any gel, mousse or hairspray on the market.posted Jun 28, 2012Link to this post
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Advice, Suggestions and General Help | New Topic | Printer Friendly Version |
its like fast food
Posted by: tdaniel on Feb-21-13 8:47 PM (EST)
quick and convenient. Here's how its done in a flash.
1} clovehitch on center thwart
2} atttach one trailing end with a bowline to a packframe or packloop
3}attach other trailing end with a bowline to other pack.
4}set packs frame side down, tuck extra rope under the packframes.
It will keep you from losing you packs in the event of an unexpected capsize.
A heavy pack- like a kettle pack will sink like a heavy anchor- it should always be lashed in
in whitewater, whitecaps, or other rough conditions all packs should be lashed in.The packs provide extra flotation and the rope hazard is minimized by lashing. However, it is a pain in the butt to unlash to drain boat completely- which is sometimes necessary.
all packs should be goose necked with liners. Trash compactor bags and heavy duty rubber bands work well for this.Poor man's dry bag!
That's how I did it in the boyscouts. Worked well for me.
Kayak Seats | Classic Freestanding Rack | Paddling Jackets | Recreational Kayak Paddle |
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Sneak Peek: Rex throws for Mardi Gras
UPDATED 11:52 AM CST Feb 12, 2013WDSU anchors Randi Rousseau and Sula Kim have a sneak peek of Mardi Gras throws by Rex.
The views expressed are not those of this site, this station or its affiliated companies. By posting your comments you agree to accept our terms of use.blog comments powered by Disqus


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Knights on Broadway to present "Songs of Love" at St. Norbert College
Saturday, February 12 at 6:00 p.m.
From St. Norbert College, February 1, 2011
by Chelsey Gruetzmacher, email@example.com, (920) 403-3089
Dinner is a choice of lobster, pork tenderloin or a vegetarian meal.
Reviving the great tradition of the old Swinging Knights, the Knights on Broadway are St. Norbert College's newest musical theatre vocal performance troupe. "Songs of Love" is a special evening celebrating Broadway's greatest love stories. The Knights recommend the show as a romantic evening out for couples celebrating Valentine's Day.
Tickets for this event are now available for purchase online at http://tickets.snc.edu, or via phone at 920-403-3950, or 800-SNC-BOXX (800-762-2699) if outside the Green Bay area. TTY/TDD 920-403-4056, fax 920-403-4081.
For more information, contact Kent Paulsen, instructor of music and director of choirs at St. Norbert College, at 920-403-3087 or firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Find commute times to your work, school, gym and more.
Contact this property
Floor Plans
Prices, specials, features and availability subject to change.
Accepts Credit Card Payments, Accepts Electronic Payments, Alarm, Business Center, Controlled Access, Disability Access, Extra Storage, Fitness Center, Full Concierge Service, Gated Access, On Site Maintenance, Swimming Pool
Convenient Garage with Card Access Parking on E..., On-Site Specialty Retail Plaza, Pets Allowed*, Under-Counter Mounted Sinks
Property Details
Brand new low rise residence. Superb downtown Austin location. State of the art interiors.
Meet COLE, a very modern and architecturally creative luxury downtown Austin apartment community that has more to offer than good looks alone. * Before you look any further, check out the spectacular location. Cole is located in the heart of an eclectic neighborhood that is loaded with the interesting places and people that make life so real. * The ease of living next to Barton Springs, Zilker Park, Whole Foods grocery store and iconic restaurants like Shady Grove and Chuy's makes COLE the home you always wanted. * We also offer exclusive resident discounts at nearby retailers and eateries just for living at Cole! Please see the leasing office for more details. *
Leasing Terms
Our lease terms are: 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5 months, 6 months, 7 months, 8 months, 9 months, 10 months, 11 months, 12 months (Please note that lease terms may vary, are subject to change without notice, and are based on availability. Inquire with property staff for complete details).
Pet Policy: $200 Pet Deposit, $300 Pet Fee per pet. 2 pets max. 80lb weight limit. No aggressive breed.
Pet Policy
Dogs Allowed. Cats Allowed. Pets Accepted. Call for service animal policy.
Community Information
119 units
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Saturday: 10:00am-6:00pm
Sunday: 1:00pm-6:00pm
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Lincoln Property Company
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I had the bun bo xaio sa and it was perfect. Appertizer was the pork spring roll, also very good. The restaurant had a super ambiance. Service was helpful and very friendly. Adding this to my list of favorite Munich restaurants.
If you own or manage Annam, register now for free tools to enhance your listing, attract new reviews, and respond to reviewers.


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Cottage Industry: Tales from the Rural Laptop
Thursday, January 20, 2011
A New Niche Blog
I've a thing about other people's gardens, so here's somewhere I've started to write about them.
Do join me there if you too share this obscure interest.
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Antitrust regulators from the 25 countries in the European Union gave unanimous support yesterday to the European Commission's plan to punish Microsoft for failing to comply with its 2004 antitrust ruling, according to sources following the case.
The company faces a fine of hundreds of millions of euros. The Commission, which acts as the main competition authority in the European Union, told Microsoft in December that it had failed to comply with the March 2004 ruling. Since then it has said that the company could be fined up to €2m (about £1.4m) a day, counting from last December.
The Commission refused to comment on the closed door meeting it held yesterday with the national regulators.
People following the meeting said there was some debate about whether to push ahead with a new fine now, as Microsoft prepares to submit information that it hopes will meet the requirements of the 2004 ruling.
On 24 March 2004, the Commission fined Microsoft €497m (£345m) for leveraging its near-monopoly in the PC operating system market to gain advantage in the markets for workgroup server operating systems and media players.
Among other remedies, the Commission ordered Microsoft to release a version of Windows XP without a built-in media player, and to provide its competitors with details of certain communication protocols used by its server products. The Commission appointed a monitoring trustee to keep tabs on Microsoft's progress in meeting the remedies.
Initially Microsoft claimed it had submitted adequate information but in April it said it finally understood what information the regulator was asking for.
Since then it has been working closely with the Commission and the trustee, Neil Barrett, a computer expert picked by Microsoft to monitor the company's compliance with the 2004 ruling.
Microsoft said in a statement yesterday that it is dedicating "massive resources" to ensure it meets "the aggressive schedule and the high quality standard" set by the Commission and the trustee.
Before yesterday's meeting, some of the national regulators were expected to call on the Commission to back off, at least until the final batch of technical information has been submitted. It is due by 18 July, according to deadlines agreed between the Commission, the trustee and Microsoft.
But there was no real attempt to put the brakes on the process. "On the contrary, the national regulators were all right behind the Commission," said one source close to the proceedings.
The next step in the process is another meeting between the Commission and national regulators next Monday to decide how much to fine Microsoft for failing to honour the 2004 ruling.
If the commission fines Microsoft €2m a day, as it has threatened to in recent months, the fine would total over €400m (£278m) - nearly as much as the first fine two years ago.
A final ruling is expected on Wednesday next week.


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The online magazine for women..
TWO is your free online magazine! It's interesting articles, great advice and exciting products, all chosen especially for you x
WIN a bottle of Sparkling Gold from Blue Nun with 22 carat gold flecks
and a DVD of "New Year's Eve" starring Robert de Niro, Sofia Vergara, Hector Elizondo, Michelle Pfeiffer, Jessica Biel and many more!
Are you an aspiring writer or author? Would you like to share your novel or short story and get published online? Read on here and find out how.
In The Editor's Blog, The Women Online Editor-in-Chief gets topical and up close and personal. >>CLICK HERE<< to follow The Editor's Blog.
TEACUP... then surely it would have to be the beautiful PINK ROSE from Royal Albert.
See it in Liberty London
The Women Online is a free online publication for and by women, an online magazine with a positive outlook and a forthright attitude. Welcome!!
"The Story of Edgar Sawtelle" by David Wroblewski.
To read our review, listen to audiobook and buy, click here..
Designed in 1957 by Paulo Mendes da Rocha, the Paulistano armchair is now an absolute design icon and a classic. From BODIE and FOU.
Quote, John Burroughs.
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www.MummyMoneySaver.co.uk is for the family living on a tight budget. Making ends meet while meeting the needs of your family is possible here.
And finally, for our Editor's personal blog where she shares her own life and thoughts, visit www.mrspoynton.co.uk.


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Clinical Trials (PDQ®)
Basic Trial Information
Trial Description
Further Trial Information
Eligibility Criteria
Trial Contact Information
Phase | Type | Status | Age | Sponsor | Protocol IDs |
Phase III | Health services research, Treatment | Completed | 18 to 75 | Other | EORTC-22993-08993 EORTC-RA-22993, EORTC-LCG-08993, NCT00016211 |
RATIONALE: Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to damage tumor cells. Radiation therapy to the brain may be effective in preventing brain metastases. It is not yet known if radiation therapy is effective following chemotherapy in preventing brain metastases.
PURPOSE: Randomized phase III trial to determine the effectiveness of radiation therapy in preventing brain metastases in patients who have received chemotherapy for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer.
Further Study Information
- Compare the incidence of, and time to, symptomatic brain metastases in patients with previously treated extensive stage small cell lung cancer treated with prophylactic cranial irradiation vs no further therapy.
- Compare the quality of life and survival of these patients.
- Determine the toxicity of this regimen in these patients.
- Determine the health economics associated with this study.
OUTLINE: This is a randomized, multicenter study. Patients are stratified according to participating center and performance status. Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms.
- Arm I: Within 5 weeks after completion of prior chemotherapy, patients undergo prophylactic cranial irradiation once daily for 5-12 days.
- Arm II: Patients receive no further therapy after completion of prior chemotherapy.
Quality of life is assessed at baseline, 6 weeks, every 3 months for 1 year, and then every 6 months thereafter.
Patients are followed at 6 weeks, every 3 months for 1 year, and then every 6 months thereafter.
PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 287 patients will be accrued for this study within 3 years.
Eligibility Criteria
- Cytologically or histologically confirmed small cell lung cancer
- Documented extensive disease before the initiation of chemotherapy
- Responsive disease after 4 to 6 courses of initial chemotherapy
- No more than 5 weeks since completion of prior chemotherapy
- No brain or leptomeningeal metastases
- 18 to 75
Performance status:
Life expectancy:
- Not specified
- Not specified
- Not specified
- Not specified
- No other prior or concurrent malignancy except skin cancer or carcinoma in situ of the cervix
- No psychological, familial, sociological, or geographical condition that would preclude study compliance
Biologic therapy:
- Not specified
- See Disease Characteristics
Endocrine therapy:
- No concurrent corticosteroids
- No prior radiotherapy to the brain
- No prior radiotherapy to the head and neck
- Not specified
Trial Lead Organizations/Sponsors
European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer
B.J. Slotman | Study Chair |
Pieter E. Postmus | Study Chair |
Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
NLM Identifer NCT00016211
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on April 09, 2015
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