text:
Formed: 1989
United States
Last Known Status: Active
Latest Helmet News
Below is our complete Helmet news coverage, including columns and articles pertaining to the band. Some articles listed may be indirectly related, such as side projects of the band members, etc.
Note: We began associating news directly with bands in late 2003. Therefore, earlier band news may not be listed on this page.
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Sunday Old School: Helmet
Say what you like about the era of Generation X, there was some fantastic music around. We've already looked at a few of the bands popular at the time such as Soundgarden, Alice In Chains and Living Colour, and this week we'll be examining one of the most innovative bands of the era, Helmet. Helmet was formed in early 1989 by guitarist Page Hamilton, shortly after his departure from the New York based noise rock band, Band of Susans. Before long, they attracted the attention of US Marine, Tom Hazelmyer, who was also the founder of Amphetamine Reptile Records, who had previously put out records from the likes of Killdozer and soon signed Helmet to the label. Their first release for Amphetamine Reptile was the seven inch single, "Born Annoying," which was followed the next year by their full length debut, "Strap It On." The album was very well received by listeners and is now regarded as a classic by fans of post-hardcore music, as well as becoming a small influence in metal, as evidenced when Deftones covered the song, "Sinatra" years later. Critics were also very welcoming of the debut, praising its atmospheric approach and distinctive riffs.
A year after the release of, "Strap It On," Helmet signed a new deal with major label, Interscope, who reportedly paid the group one million dollars for their next album. They began recording the album, which was to be entitled, "Meantime" in late 1991 and eventually released it the next summer. The time and (alleged) budget proved to be well worth the effort, as "Meantime" broke the band into the mainstream, peaking at number 68 on the Billboard Charts and becoming their first (and only) Gold Record in the United States, thanks largely to the success of the title track and the song, "Unsung." Once again, they had also put out a record which was adored by many critics, several of which gave the album perfect scores. The success of "Meantime" meant a much bigger increase in tour dates and soon the band found themselves performing in Europe, Asia and South America, as well as their native, United States. The heavy touring schedule, coupled with the new found spotlight brought problems to the band and strengthened internal tensions, eventually leading guitarist Peter Mengede to quit the group, with Rest In Pieces guitarist, Rob Echeverria taking his place. More...
Helmet Announce European Tour
Helmet has announced a headlining tour of Europe in March-April 2012 for the 20th Anniversary of the 1992 release "Meantime." The band will play the album in its entirety on the tour.
Confirmed dates are as follows:
March 2012:
5- Lisbon, Portugal @ TMN ao Vivo
6- Porto, Portugal @ Hard Club
8 - Madrid Spain @ Caracol
9 - Barcelona, Spain @ Apolo 2
10 - Hondarribia, Spain @ Sylocibenea
11 - Angouleme, France @ La Nef
13 - Lyon, France @ Ninkasi Kao
14 - Zurich, Switzerland @ Plaza
15 - Milan, Italy @ Arci Magnolia
16 - Rome, Italy @ Traffic Club
17 - Livorno, Italy @ The Cage Theater
19 - Munich, Germany @ Feierwerk
20 - Aschaffenburg, Germany @ Colos Saal
21 - Vienna, Austria @ Szene Wien
23 - Berlin, Germany @ SO36
24 - Copenhagen, Denmark @ Vega Jr
25 - Hamburg, Germany @ Knust
27 - Cologne, Germany @ Underground
28 - Nijmegen, Holland @ Doornroosje
29 - Antwerp, Belgium @ Trix
30 - Paris, France @ Nouveau Casino
31 - La Roche, France @ Sur Yon Fuzzyon
April 2012:
2 - London, UK @ Electric Ballroom
3 - Manchester, UK @ Sound Central
4 - Glasgow, UK @ Cathouse
6 - Bristol, UK @ Fleece & Firkin
7 - Birmingham, UK @ HMV Institute
8 - Reading, UK @ Sub89
SXSW Music 2011 Day 3: Part 2
The fantastic "South by South Death" earlier in the day would be a tough act to follow, but perhaps the best night show was set for the night of March 18th: The Metalliance Tour.
Following up the best day show yet, was the biggest official SXSW metal show: The Metalliance SXSW stop. The Metalliance tour featured an excellent lineup including The Atlas Moth, Howl, Red Fang, Weedeater, Kylesa, Crowbar, Helmet and Saint Vitus. The show was the first I'd attended at the Dirty Dog. It was a decent sized place, but not exactly laid out well for the crowd that would fill it that night.
I arrived while The Atlas Moth was playing. They had just a couple songs left in their set. The first thing I noticed is that the bass sounded very loud. It gave a groovier feel to their music and most of the bands who played that night for that matter. Their last two songs sounded pretty decent, even if bass-heavy.
Howl was up next and played a short set of their groovy style of doom. Still getting drinks and settled in, their set flew by with little sticking out to me, however. More...
Helmet To Tour Australia
Helmet have revealed its tour dates for its upcoming trip to Australia later this summer. You can check out all of the announced dates in the list below.
06/22 Gold Coast, AUS – Coolangatta Hotel
06/23 Brisbane, AUS – Hi-FI
06/24 Sydney, AUS – Manning Bar
06/25 Melbourne, AUS – Hi-Fi
06/26 Adelaide, AUS – Fowler's
06/28 Perth, AUS – Amplifier
06/30 Canberra, AUS – Anu Bar
07/01 Wollongong, AUS – Uni Bar
07/02 Newcastle, AUS – Newcastle Leagues Club
Metalliance's Chicago Stop Moved Due To Gangs
THE 2011 METALLIANCE TOUR will have to move their Chicago show this Sunday due to recent gang-related activity in the vicinity of the venue. The city has imposed a seven day hold on the venue's operations license forcing the show to a new venue called BADA BREW (802 Theodore Street). The show will go on as scheduled. All tickets will be honored.
THE 2011 METALLIANCE TOUR has enjoyed early success with two sold out shows on it's inaugural run thus far. Headlined by HELMET, ST VITUS and CROWBAR and supported by metal heavyweights KYLESA, RED FANG, HOWL and THE ATLAS MOTH on all dates.
Here are the remaining Metalliance 2011 Tour dates:
03/25/11 New York, NY @ Irving Plaza **VIP TICKETS SOLD OUT**
03/26/11 Cleveland, OH @ Peabody's
03/27/11 Joliet, IL @ BADA BREW
03/28/11 Merriam, KS @ Aftershock (No Helmet)
03/29/11 Denver, CO @ The Summit
03/31/11 Portland, OR @ Roseland Theater
04/01/11 Seattle, WA @ El Corazon
04/03/11 San Francisco, CA @ Mezzanine
04/04/11 San Diego, CA @ Brick by Brick
04/05/11 Hollywood, CA @ House Of Blues
HELMET is performing their 1992 platinum-selling release of "Meantime" in its entirety.
Band Lineup Announced For SXSW Showcases
The lineups have been announced for the upcoming SXSW music showcases that will be occurring between March 16th - March 19th. Details are as follows:
Wednesday, March 16th
Brooklyn Vegan Day Party
Venue: Emo's
12:20 The Roller
1:10 Deafheaven
1:55 The Secret
2:40 Ken Mode
3:30 Dax Riggs
4:20 Trash Talk
5:10 Kylesa
Thursday, March 17th
Thrasher/Impose Day Party
Venue: Scoot Inn [Outside Stage]
5:00pm - Trash Talk
4:00pm - Weedeater
3:00pm - Zoroaster
2:00pm - Liturgy
1:00pm - The Body
Full Metal Texas / BrooklynVegan Stage
Venue: Emo's [Inside Stage]
5:00pm - YOB
4:05pm - Trap Them
3:10pm - Hull
2:20pm - Kverlertak
1:35pm - Rwake
12:50pm - All Pigs Must Die
12:05pm - Goes Cube More...
Support Bands Announced For Metalliance Tour
The 2011 Metalliance Tour will be supported by metal heavyweights Kylesa, Red Fang, Howl, and The Atlas Moth on all dates. Dates have now officially been announced. The tour features headlining bands Helmet, Saint Vitus, and Crowbar for its inaugural line up. "We are glad to be part of this tour; I think it's a great bill. The bands I have heard so far each have a strong musical identity as opposed to so much of the generic, lowest common denominator music out there," says Helmet front man Page Hamilton.
Here are the latest Metalliance 2011 Tour dates:
03/17/11 Dallas, TX @ Southside Music Hall
03/18/11 Austin, TX @ Dirty Dog / SXSW
03/19/11 New Orleans, LA @ One Eyed Jacks
03/20/11 St Petersburg, FL @ State Theater
03/21/11 Orlando, FL @ Firestone Live
03/22/11 Greensboro, NC @ Greene Street
03/23/11 Springfield, VA @ Jaxx
03/24/11 Worcester, MA @ Palladium
03/25/11 New York, NY @ Irving Plaza
03/26/11 Cleveland, OH @ Peabody's
03/27/11 Joliet, IL @ Mojoe's
03/29/11 Denver, CO @ The Summit
03/31/11 Portland, OR @ Roseland Theater
04/01/11 Seattle, WA @ El Corazon
04/03/11 San Francisco, CA @ Mezzanine
04/05/11 Hollywood, CA @ House Of Blues More...
Intronaut To Appear On Upcoming "Metalliance Tour"
UPDATE: This information was gleaned from listings on Ticketmaster.ca, which appear to be erroneous on several points, including specific tour dates. Furthermore, Intronaut has not confirmed participation in this tour and all listings on Ticketmaster.ca have since been removed, save one.
Los Angeles progressive post-metallers Intronaut have revealed that they will be appearing on select dates for the forthcoming "Metalliance Tour." The "Metalliance Tour" features headliners Helmet alongside Saint Vitus and Crowbar. Other special guests scheduled to appear include Kylesa, Howl, The Atlas Moth, Naam, and Royal Thunder. You can view a list of the tour dates reported by Ticketmaster.ca below.
03/17 Dallas, TX – Southside Music Hall (feat. Intronaut, Howl, The Atlas Moth, Royal Thunder)
03/18 Austin, TX – Dirty Dog Bar ("SXSW")
03/19 New Orleans, LA – One Eyed Jacks (feat. Intronaut, Howl, The Atlas Moth, Naam)
03/20 St. Petersburg, FL – State Theatre (feat. Intronaut, Howl, The Atlas Moth)
03/21 Orlando, FL – Firestone Live (feat. Intronaut, Howl, The Atlas Moth)
03/23 West Springfield, VA – Jaxx
03/24 Worcester, MA – The Palladium (feat. Howl, The Atlas Moth, Moth Eater)
03/25 New York, NY – Irving Plaza
03/26 Cleveland, OH – Peabody's (feat. Intronaut, Howl, The Atlas Moth, Keelhaul)
03/27 Chicago, IL – Bottom Lounge
03/29 Denver, CO – The Summit (feat. Kylesa)
03/31 Portland, OR – Roseland Theatre (feat. Howl, The Atlas Moth)
04/01 Seattle, WA – El Corazon (feat. Intronaut, Howl, The Atlas Moth)
04/03 San Francisco, CA – Regency Ballroom
04/04 Pomona, CA – The Glass House
04/05 Hollywood, CA – House of Blues (feat. Intronaut, Kylesa)
Some of these appear to be in error, however, and we recommend going by the previously announced dates until an official update with special guests is released.
Metalliance Tour Dates Revealed
The 2011 Metalliance Tour has officially been announced, featuring HELMET, SAINT VITUS and CROWBAR for its inaugural line up. The festival tour will run through the U.S. from March 17th through April 5th. HELMET will be performing its 1992 platinum-selling release of "Meantime" in its entirety. The official tour dates can be viewed below:
Mar. 17 - Dallas, TX - Southside Music Hall
Mar. 18 - Austin, TX - Dirty Dog / SXSW
Mar. 19 - New Orleans, LA - One Eyed Jacks
Mar. 20 - St Petersburg, FL - State Theater
Mar. 21 - Orlando, FL - Firestone Live
Mar. 22 - Greensboro, NC - Greene Street
Mar. 23 - Springfield, VA - Jaxx
Mar. 24 - Worcester, MA - Palladium
Mar. 25 - New York, NY - Irving Plaza
Mar. 26 - Cleveland, OH - Peabody's
Mar. 27 - Joliet, IL - Mojoe's
Mar. 29 - Denver, CO - The Summit
Mar. 31 - Portland, OR - Roseland Theater
Apr. 01 - Seattle, WA - El Corazon
Apr. 03 - San Francisco, CA - Mezzanine
Apr. 05 - Hollywood, CA - House Of Blues
Helmet, Saint Vitus, and Crowbar To Tour Together
The 2011 Metalliance Tour has officially been announced, featuring HELMET, SAINT VITUS and CROWBAR for its inaugural line up. The festival tour will run through the U.S. from March 17th through April 5th.
HELMET will perform their 1992 platinum-selling release of "Meantime" in its entirety. The
Interscope Records release gave the band mainstream attention with songs like "Unsung" and "In The Meantime."
One of the most highly influential Doom Metal bands in America, SAINT VITUS are regarded as one of the first bands of the genre starting out as early as the 1970's. The band featuring Scott "Wino" Weinrich, bassist Mark Adams, guitarist Dave Chandler and drummer Armando Acosta has influenced so many bands in doom and metal. "Saint Vitus is more than ready to infect The Metalliance Tour! We've been wanting to do something like this for some time now...so prepare for destruction!!" says lead guitarist Dave Chandler. The band has done a handful of shows and some European Festivals but this will be their first full US tour in over a decade.
CROWBAR front man Kirk Windstein concludes, "Wow! This tour is gonna rule! I've loved Helmet since the beginning and loved St. Vitus even longer. With the new Crowbar record having hit the streets by then, look out! This bill will bring just what we need to crush each city with an avalanche of stylistic thunder!"
Helmet Announces European Tour Dates
Helmet has announced the following European tour dates:
11/17 - Luxor Live - Arnhem, Gelderland, nl
11/18 - W2 - Hertogenbosch, Noord-Brab, nl
11/19 - Forum - Bielefeld, Nordrhein-, de
11/20 - Knust - Hamburg, Hamburg, de
11/22 - Voxhall - Århus, Midtjyllan, dk
11/23 - Vega Jr - Copenhagen, Hovedstade, dk
11/24 - SO36 - Berlin, Berlin, de
11/26 - Feierwerk - Orangehouse - Munich, Bavaria, de
11/27 - Szene Wien - Wien, Wien, at
11/29 - Sommer Casino - Basel, Basel-Stad, ch
11/30 - bart Music Club - Zurich, Zurich, ch
12/01 - Amalgame Club - Yverdon-les-Bains, Vaud, ch
12/03 - Bronson - Ravenna, Emilia-Rom, it
12/04 - Spazio 211 - Torino, Piemonte, it
12/05 - Le Brise Glace - Annecy, Rhône-Alpe, FR
12/10 - Elysée Montmartre - PARIS, Ile-de-Fra, FR
12/11 - L'Austrolabe - Orleans, Centre, fr
12/12 - Grand Mix - Tourcoing, Nord-Pas-d, fr
12/14 - Vooruit - Gent, Flemish Re, be
12/15 - Scala - London, Greater Lo, gb
12/16 - Manchester Academy 3 - Manchester, GB
12/17 - The Cathouse - Glasgow, Glasgow Ci, gb
Intronaut Posts New Song, "Elegy," Online
Southern California's INTRONAUT, will release their new album, "Valley of Smoke," on October 12th. They have also posted the new track, "Elegy," exclusively at this location. This is the final album version so if you already heard the track via the Invisible Oranges.com debut then this is the proper version.
The artwork for their new album was created by David D'Andrea and can be viewed here. More...
Bison b.c. and Helmet to Tour West Coast
Riff monsters Bison b.c. and alt-metal rockers Helmet have gotten together for a West Coast Tour This September. The tour has 13 total dates ranging from the southern part of the West Coast (San Diego, CA) to the middle of nowhere (Calgary, AB).
Bison b.c. Guitarist and vocalist James Farwell commented on the tour: " I first started listening to Helmet when I was doing bonelesses and acid drops wasted in back alleys with big pants and small wheels; a long fucking time ago. Now my body is a jerk, but I still think of them when I drop tune - it is a fucking god damn honor to tour with Helmet."
Of course more info can be found at the MySpace pages: click here for Bison b.c. and here for Helmet.
Tour Dates:
Sept. 8 Sacramento, CA Harlow's Night Club
Sept. 10 Oakland, CA The Uptown
Sept. 11 San Jose, CA The Blank Club
Sept. 13 Portland, OR Dante's
Sept. 14 Seattle, WA Showbox at The Market
Sept. 16 Vancouver, BC Venue
Sept. 18 Edmonton, AB The Starlite Room
Sept. 19 Calgary, AB Dickens Pub
Sept. 21 Casper, WY Downtown Grill & Venue
Sept. 23 Tempe, AZ The Clubhouse
Sept. 24 Santa Ana, CA Galaxy Theatre
Sept. 25 San Diego, CA The Casbah
Sept. 26 Redondo Beach, CA BriXton
New Helmet Album To Be Issued In 5 Formats
Helmet, the alternative metal band from New York City, have announced that their new studio album, "Seeing Eye Dog," will be issued in five different formats. Every seperate edition of the album is also set to include a bonus live album recorded in 2006 in San Francisco.
The available formats include:
1. Digital Only (new album plus 1 live album)
2. Two-disc CD (new album plus 1 live album) + digital
3. Limited Edition Double 180g Vinyl (New album plus 1 live album) + digital
4. Limited Edition Deluxe: New album and 1 live album on two-disc CD, new album and 1 live album on double 180g Vinyl, custom HELMET USB key with four more live albums, signed package + digital of new album + 1 live album
5. Super Deluxe: Same as Deluxe but includes gold laminate/tour access component
Helmet Delays New Album
In a recent interview with CityBeat's Amy Harris, Helmet frontman Page Hamilton revealed that the band's new studio album, "Seeing Eye Dog" has been delayed until August. An excerpt from the chat reads as follows:
Q: The new album, Seeing Eye Dog, is set for release June 22nd. Can you tell me about the inspiration behind the name?
A: "The album release has actually been pushed back to August 24th as we try to finish artwork and finalize the tracks. I usually shy away from political statements, but there is some social commentary on the album. A seeing eye dog is one that leads the blind around. I also read a poem by Ezra Pound, one of my favorite poets, called "The Seeing Eye" and the image just stuck in my head."
Read the full article at CityBeats.
Metal Music To Be Featured In Madden '10 Game
The forthcoming new video game Madden 10 will be seeing its fair share of metal music featured on its soundtrack, as classic songs from the likes of Black Sabbath, Judas Priest, Pantera and Iron Maiden will be appearing on the game. The game will be released on July 31st.
The tracklisting for the game is as follows:
2pac - Can't C Me
Airbourne - Heads Are Gonna Roll
Alice In Chains - Them Bones
B.O.B. - Created A Monster
Bang Camaro - Revolution
Beastie Boys - Sabotage
Black Sabbath - Paranoid
Cypress Hill - Get 'em Up
Helmet - Unsung
Iron Maiden - Aces High
Judas Priest - Painkiller
Kid Rock - I Am The Bulldog
Killswitch Engage - Reckoning
Korn - Blind
Mastodon - Divinations
Nas feat. Puff Daddy - Hate Me Now
Nirvana - Breed
Pantera - Walk
Public Enemy - Shut 'em Down
Rage Against The Machine - Guerilla Radio
Set Your Goals - Gaia Bleeds (Make Way For Man)
Slipknot - Duality
System Of A Down - Sugar
The Vanity Plan - Before I Die
Young Dre The Truth - Cheah Beah
Musicians To Appear On Music Documentary
A variety of musicians, actors, journalists and more will be featured in the upcoming documentary "The Heart Is A Drum Machine". According to the press release, the film "explores music's role in shaping human history, the profound connection people have had to music throughout human history, how it has shaped our experiences and its involvement in our daily lives." In addition to providing his thoughts in the film, Tool frontman Maynard James Keenan will contribute a cover of Elton John's "Rocket Man". Other notable artists featured include Page Hamilton (Helmet), Wes Borland (Black Light Burns, Marilyn Manson), Gene Hoglan (Strapping Young Lad, etc.), John Frusciante (Red Hot Chili Peppers), Brendon Small (Dethklok) and many more. Put together by Zu33 Films, production on the effort has just been completed.
Helmet Announce More Tour Dates
US icons HELMET have announced a string of dates for North Carolina in June, which include:
15 - Raleigh, NC - Volume 11
16 - Wilmington, NC - The Soapbox
17 - Charleston, SC - The Dive
More dates are expected to follow
More Bands Added To Graspop Metal Meeting 2008
ARCH ENEMY, SYMPHONY X, BRING ME THE HORIZON, BLACK STONE CHERRY, THROWDOWN and BLEEDING THROUGH have just been confirmed for the Graspop Metal Meeting which is set to take place June 27th - 29th at De Boeretand in Dessel, Belgium.
Confirmed acts now include: ALCHEMIST, APOCALYPTICA, ARCH ENEMY, AT THE GATES, AVENGED SEVENFOLD, BEHEMOTH, BLACK STONE CHERRY, BLEEDING THROUGH, BRING ME THE HORIZON, BULLET FOR MY VALENTINE, CAVALERA CONSPIRACY, COMEBACK KID, DEATHSTARS, DEF LEPPARD, DYING FETUS, FORBIDDEN, HELMET, HOLLENTHON, ICED EARTH, IMMORTAL, IN FLAMES, IRON MAIDEN, JUDAS PRIEST, KORPIKLAANI, MADBALL, MINISTRY, MORBID ANGEL, MY DYING BRIDE, NILE, NOVEMBERS DOOM, OBITUARY, OPETH, PRIMORDIAL, ROSE TATTOO, ROTTING CHRIST, SABATON, SAXON, SOILWORK, SONATA ARCTICA, SYMPHONY X, TESTAMENT, 36 CRAZYFISTS, THROWDOWN, VOLBEAT, WHITESNAKE and YNGWIE MALMSTEEN.
Helmet Introduce New Guitarist
US hardcore/punk icons HELMET have issued the following update:
"Say hello to Dan Beeman: our new guitar player, and legend in his own lunch time."
Upcoming Helmet dates include:
13 - Red Seven - Austin, Texas
14 - Viper Room - Austin, Texas
15 - The Playground - Park City, Utah
17 - Canes Bar and Grill - San Diego, California
18 - Key Club - Hollywood, California
24 - Coolangata Hotel - Gold Coast, Australia
25 - Great Northern Hotel - Byron Bay, Australia
26 - Hoey & Moey - Coffs Harbour, Australia
30 - Gaelic Club - Sydney, Australia
1 - Uni Bar - Wollongong, Australia
2 - Anu Bar - Canberra, Australia
3 - Hi Fi Bar - Melbourne, Australia
4 - Fowler's - Adelaide, Australia


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Genre/Form: | Drama Video recordings Video recordings |
Material Type: | Videorecording |
Document Type: | Visual material |
All Authors / Contributors: |
Henrik Malberg; Emil Hass Christensen; Kirstin Andreasen; Birgitte Federspiel; Carl Theodor Dreyer; Kaj Munk; Janus Films.; Palladium Film.; Home Vision (Firm); Public Media Incorporated (Wilmette, Ill.) |
OCLC Number: | 43918491 |
Language Note: | In Danish with English subtitles. |
Notes: | At head of title on container: Carl Dreyer's. Videocassette release of the 1955 motion picture. Based on the play of the same title by Kaj Munk. Not rated. |
Credits: | Director/writer, Carl Dreyer. |
Cast: | Henrik Malberg, Emil Hass Christensen, Kirstin Andreasen, Birgitte Federspiel. |
Target Audience: | Junior high school - adults. |
Description: | 1 videocassette (126 min.) : sd., b&w ; 1/2 in. |
Details: | VHS format. |
Series Title: | Home Vision cinema.; Classic collection. |
Other Titles: | Carl Dreyer's Ordet Word |
Responsibility: | Janus Films ; produced by Palladium Film. |
In a God-fearing village, a father and his three sons have various religious experiences.
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Welcome to The Punch - UK Premiere - After Party At The Hippodrome
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Jason Flemyng attends an after party following the 'Welcome To The... News PhotoAfter Party,Arts Culture and Entertainment,Attending,Celebrities,England,Film Industry,Film Premiere,Following,Jason Flemyng,London - England,Movie,Premiere,UK,VerticalPhotographer Dave M. BenettCollection: Getty Images Entertainment 2013 Dave M. BenettLONDON, ENGLAND - MARCH 05: (EMBARGOED FOR PUBLICATION IN UK TABLOID NEWSPAPERS UNTIL 48 HOURS AFTER CREATE DATE AND TIME. MANDATORY CREDIT PHOTO BY DAVE M. BENETT/GETTY IMAGES REQUIRED) Jason Flemyng attends an after party following the 'Welcome To The Punch' UK Premiere at the Hippodrome Casino on March 5, 2013 in London, England. (Photo by Dave M. Benett/Getty Images)


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Hello, my name is Louise, I am passionate about travel and work in travel marketing and PR.
To find out more about me, do visit my personal website, Louise Ross Travel and Lifestyle Marketing.
Louise has completed online and offline ID verification.
Louise was a perfect guest ! Very clean, nice and communicative! She is welcome again anytime !


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Brielle's POV
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Brielle is a struggling dancer. Between school and dance, she has little time to herself. As the only girl in her family, life isn't easy. Things get even more mixed up when she meets Alex Cross.
Alex has lied to every girl he has ever met. He has lied about his last name, his age and his mom. Not many girls want to date a guy dancer, except for Brielle Carson.
Dancing is their passion, but can they deny their attraction enough to dance?
**This is for Future Author's "New Year, New Contest".**
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Submitted:Jan 26, 2013 Reads: 44 Comments: 13 Likes: 2
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Other writing by PossiblyMine Any Last Words... Resounding Echoes **Completed** Resounding Echoes Charater Pictures!! Breaking Away from Normal Character Pictures Breaking Away from Normal Darling, Just Let Go
Romance, Love, School, Hate, Friends, Death, Friendship, Drama, Family, High, Life, Fiction, Girl, Pain, Teen, Boy, Vampire, Marriage, Abuse, Fantasy, Hurt, Best, Kiss, Young, Lust, Mystery, Betrayal, Relationships, Humor, New, College, Vampires, Secrets


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Nokia Announces Media and Apps Store for Phones
Feb 16, 2009, 4:15 AM by Eric M. Zeman @phonescooper
updated Feb 16, 2009, 5:36 AM
Nokia has announced a new mobile applications store where users can discover and download media and applications directly to their handsets. The applications store, named Ovi, will launch in May in nine different countries.
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US 5745642 A Abstract A method for improving the performance of a multimedia software by interleaving resource and movie data is provided. It is observed that movie data has uneven demand for bandwidth. There are frames of the movie data that utilize less than the bandwidth of some memory devices (e.g., CDROM) or communication networks (e.g., the Internet) and there are frames that require the maximum available bandwidth. One embodiment of the present invention involves interleaving resource data that is not used in the current frame into movie data of this frame if the movie data does not fully utilize the bandwidth. The resource data could be used in subsequent frames during the playing of the movie or after the termination of the movie. In another embodiment of the present invention, the resource data is broken into small pieces. These pieces can be easily interleaved into different frames so as to maximize the use of the transfer rate.
Claims(12) 1. A method for recording data on a nonvolatile storage medium and playing said recorded data on a computer, said computer having a reader for reading said nonvolatile storage medium at a predetermined transfer rate and system RAM for temporary storage, said recorded data containing distal movie data and resource data to be used after playing said digital movie data, said method comprising the steps of:
recording said resource data, comprising the steps of: encoding said digital movie data; encoding said resource data such that said resource data is distinguishable from said encoded digital movie data; determining an amount of encoded resource data that can be interleaved into said encoded digital movie data, said amount being related to an amount of encoded digital movie data needed for playing during a predetermined time interval; interleaving said amount of encoded resource data into said encoded digital movie data; and writing said interleaved data into said nonvolatile storage medium; and playing back said interleaved data, comprising the steps of: retrieving said interleaved data from said nonvolatile storage medium; recovering said resource data from said retrieved interleaved data while said digital movie data is played; loading at least a portion of said recovered resource data in said system RAM; and upon completion of playing said digital movie data, using said loaded resource data. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein said recording step further comprises a step of dividing said resource data into a plurality of pieces.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein said digital movie data is organized in frames, and wherein said interleaving step comprises the step of interleaving said plurality of pieces into a plurality of frames.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein said recovering step comprises the steps of:
regenerating said plurality of pieces from said retrieved interleaved data; and assembling said recovered pieces into said resource data. 5. The method of claim 1 wherein said digital movie data is organized in frames, and wherein said determining step further comprises the step of scanning a list of frame data sizes for each frame.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein said playing back step further comprises the step of discarding a portion of said retrieved resource data which is not used by an application program.
7. A method for communicating digital data via a network access device and for playing said digital data on a computer, said network access device capable of communicating digital data at a predetermined transfer rate, said computer having system RAM for temporary storage, said communicated data containing distal movie data and resource data to be used after playing said movie data, said method comprising the steps of:
encoding said digital movie data; encoding said resource data such that said resource data is distinguishable from said encoded distal movie data; determining an amount of encoded resource data that can be interleaved into said encoded distal movie data, said amount being related to an amount of encoded digital movie data needed for playing during a predetermined time interval; interleaving said amount of encoded resource data into said encoded digital movie data; communicating said interleaved data using said predetermined transfer rate; and playing back said interleaved data on said computer, comprising the steps of: recovering said resource data from said communicated interleaved data while said digital movie data is played; loading at least a portion of said recovered resource data in said system RAM; and upon completion of playing said digital movie data, using said loaded resource data. 8. The method of claim 7 further comprising a step of dividing, prior to encoding, said resource data into a plurality of pieces.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein said digital movie data is organized in frames, and wherein said interleaving step comprises the step of interleaving said plurality of pieces into a plurality of frames.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein said recovering step comprises the steps of:
regenerating said plurality of pieces from said communicated interleaved data; and assembling said recovered pieces into said resource data. 11. The method of claim 7, wherein said digital movie data is organized in frames, and wherein said determining step further comprises the step of scanning a list of frame data sizes for each frame.
12. The method of claim 7 wherein said playing back step further comprises the step of discarding a portion of said communicated resource data which is not used by an application program.
Description This application is a continuation-in-part application of parent U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/616,432 filed Mar. 15, 1996, now abandoned. This invention relates to multimedia systems, and more particularly to methods and devices for interleaving resource and movie data so as to fully utilize the available bandwidth in transferring data from storage media or data network into system memory. When computers were first developed, they were very expensive. As a result, only large research institutions and corporations could afford to buy them. Consequently, computers were primarily being used to solve scientific problems (e.g., simulating the behavior of fluid) and support business operations of large corporations (e.g., processing accounting and customer records of insurance companies). The software programs designed for these purposes communicate with users using numbers and text. The users of these software programs were technically trained, and were comfortable in such environment. Thus, there were little needs for these programs to present information in graphic or image forms. During the past few years, the price of computers decreased drastically. Computers are now purchased by many homes and small businesses. The users of these computers are more comfortable in dealing with multimedia environments involving a combination of graphics, text, image, animation, sound, etc. As a result, various multimedia hardware and software components (such as sound cards, video cards, CDROM readers, game software, educational software, etc.) were rapidly developed. Currently, many computers on the market are sold with a CDROM reader, high quality sound card, and high resolution video card and monitor. These computers are sometimes called "multimedia computers." In creating multimedia software applications, analog information (such as music and pictures) may need to be digitized and stored as digital data in computer files. One characteristic of multimedia data is that its size is very large when compared to character-based data. As an example, a single 480 by 640 pixel image in 32-bit color has a size of about 1.2 Megabytes ("Mbytes"). A piece of sound of 10 seconds duration could take up half a Mbyte of storage. In contrast, a one page document stored as ASCII text takes just a few kilobytes ("Kbytes"). Because the size of multimedia data is very large, there is a need to use a high density and inexpensive medium to store and distribute multimedia applications. The most widely used medium is CDROM. One CDROM allows more than 650 Mbytes of data to be stored therein. The material and labor costs of pressing one CDROM is a few dollars. Consequently, almost all multimedia applications executable on a computer are now distributed in CDROMs. CDROM technology arises out of music compact disk ("CD") technology. Thus, the standards for CDROM and CDROM reader are also related to music CD. The basic transfer rate of a CDROM reader is 150 Kbytes per second. Currently, there are CDROM readers that can achieve a transfer rate of close to ten times the basic transfer rate. The most popular ones have a transfer rate of 300 to 600 Kbytes per second. One problem of this low transfer rate is that it could take an unbearable long time to transfer multimedia information from a CDROM to computer memory. A similar problem is also encountered in another multimedia delivery environment: data communication network. The most well-known example of a data communication network is the World Wide Web (the "Web"). The Web is one of the communication protocols used in the largest computer network in existence currently, the Internet (which is a worldwide interconnection of millions of computers, from low end personal computers to high-end mainframes). These computers are connected to the Internet using a variety of communication links, such as voice quality analog phone lines, integrated services digital networks (ISDN) lines, T1 lines, etc. Currently, the typical bandwidth of these lines are 28.8 kilobits ("Kbits") per second for analog phone lines, 128 Kbits per second for ISDN lines, and 1,544 Kbits per second for T1 lines. Other telecommunications technologies are being developed to allow faster access to the Internet. One approach is called "Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line" (ADSL), which allows 1,500 Kbits per second download and 64 Kbits per second upstream using regular phone lines in homes and businesses. Another approach is to use cable television lines for high speed (about 10,000 Kbits per second) data delivery. In this case, the computers are connected to the cable lines using a product called cable modem. The Web is a wide-area hypermedia information retrieval system aimed to give universal access to a large universe of documents. When the Web was first developed around 1989, it was known to and used by the academic/research community only as a means for fast disseminating of information. There was no easily available tool which allows a technically untrained person to access the Web. An important development in Internet is the release of a Web "browser" called Mosaic in 1993. It has a simple but powerful graphic interface. The browser allows a user to retrieve web documents and navigate the Web using simple commands and popular tools such as point-and-click. Because the user does not have to be technically trained and the browser is pleasant to use, it has the potential of opening up the Internet to the masses. A document designed to be accessed and read over the web is called a web page. Each web page must have an address in a recognized format--the URL, or Uniform Resource Locator--that enables computers all over the world to access it. Each web page has an unique URL. A web page typically contains both text and images. It is also possible to include audio and movie data. As pointed out above, multimedia files are large, even when compressed, it could take a long time to retrieve a web page, especially when a voice-quality phone line is used to connect to the Internet. There are prior art methods that try to solve the above described problems in delivering and playing large amount of digital data. One method of playing multimedia data is to retrieve data (from a CDROM or via a data network) while the data is being played. For some high resolution images requiring several Mbytes of storage, it may take several seconds to retrieve the data. For many multimedia applications, the flow becomes jerky if the images are not updated quickly enough. Because of the low transfer rate of a CDROM reader and the Internet, data may not be retrieved fast enough to keep up with the flow of the images. Thus, the quality of many multimedia applications is less than desired. Other prior art methods do not use simultaneous delivering and playing of data. Typically, data is retrieved (from a CDROM or via a data network) and loaded into the computer's random access memory ("RAM") prior to playing. When the associated multimedia software is executed, data is supplied from the RAM. Because RAM transfer is many orders of magnitude faster than CDROM or Internet transfer, the performance of this method is the best. However, the amount of data that can be played using this method is limited by the amount of free RAM in the computer system. As a result, this type of methods have only limited applications. In order to improve the performance of multimedia computer systems, there is a need to develop a new method for providing data to multimedia applications. The invention involves interleaving resource data which will be used later with movie data which is used in the current time interval (e.g., a frame). In the context of the present invention, movie data refers generally to time-dependent data, and in particularly to sound, video, and animation data. The movie data is typically stored in a CDROM or transmitted on a data communication network (such as a local area network and the Internet). The transfer rate of CDROM is determined by the CDROM reader used to read the CDROM. The communication rate of a network is determined by many factors, including the bandwidth of the network and the data rate of network access devices (e.g., modems) that couple client computers to the network. In many applications, the amount of movie data needed for a current frame is uneven. Thus, there are flames in which the maximum transfer rate of the CDROM reader or the communication rate of the network is not fully utilized. One aspect of the present invention involves interleaving resource data that is not used in the current frame to the movie data. The resource data could be used subsequently during the playing or termination of the movie. As a result, the transfer rate of the CDROM reader or the communication rate of the network can be more fully utilized. In one embodiment of the present invention, the resource data is broken into small pieces. These pieces are assigned a first code to identify the data as resource data and a second code to allow an application to assemble the pieces. The pieces can be easily interleaved into movie data so as to maximize the use of the transfer rate. These and other features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a computer system that can be used to implement the method of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic drawing showing an embodiment of the present invention using QuickTime. FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing an algorithm for riding resource data on movie data. FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a network system that is able to implement the method of the present invention. The present invention comprises a novel multimedia system and related methods. The following description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention. Descriptions of specific applications are provided only as examples. Various modifications to the preferred embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments and applications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein. Many multimedia applications use audio extensively. If the audio quality requirement is low, the required transfer rate for delivering audio data to the RAM of a computer is about 10 Kbytes (or 80 Kbits) per second. Many double speed CDROM readers can safely handle about 250 Kbytes per second. Thus, the potential bandwidth of a CDROM reader which is available to transfer other types of data is about 240 Kbytes per second. The data rate for a communication line having a T1 data rate (which could be carried by a cable television line, ADSL, leased line, public-switched telephone network, or local area network) is about 1,544 Kbits per second. Thus, the potential bandwidth of a T1 data rate line which is available to transfer other types of data is about 1,460 Kbits per second. Table 1 shows the potential available bandwidth when sound having various audio quality is played. TABLE 1______________________________________ CDROM Reader T1 Data Rate Bandwidth BandwidthAudio Audio Available AvailableQuality Size to Resource Data to Resource Data______________________________________11 khz 8 bit 11 Kbytes/s 239 Kbytes/s 1,456 Kbits/s22 khz 8 bit 22 Kbytes/s 228 Kbytes/s 1,368 Kbits/s44 khz 8 bit 44 Kbytes/s 206 Kbytes/s 1,192 Kbits/s44 khz 16 bit 88 Kbytes/s 162 Kbytes/s 840 Kbits/s44 khz 16 bit 88 Kbytes/s 162 Kbytes/s 840 Kbits/sstereo IMA______________________________________ One aspect of the present invention is a method to allow data that is not currently used by the multimedia system to "ride" with the data that is being played. The riding data could be graphic or animation data which will be displayed when the playing of the sound segment is completed. Further, the riding data could be program code which may be used by the application currently executing on the computer or other applications that may be invoked later. As can be seen in table 1, most of the bandwidth is available for riding other data while a typical sound segment is played. Thus, a large amount of riding data can be transferred in a given time interval. This riding data improves the performance of the multimedia application because it does not have to be loaded after the playing of the sound segment. Animation data is typically larger than audio data. However, the size of animation data could undergo a lot of changes during an animation duration. There are time intervals when only a small amount of data needs to be transferred from a CDROM or transmitted by a network. For example, a sprite-based multimedia application may need only a few bytes to draw a new frame. These time intervals can be used to ride other data. It should be pointed out that Table 1 is used only to illustrate the transfer rates of a specific storage medium and a specific telecommunication data rate. The invention could be used in many kinds of storage media (fixed or removable) that can be attached to a computer. Each storage medium has a different transfer rate, and thus a different available bandwidth. Examples of storage media are hard disks, optical disks (CDROM or DVD), and hybrids (magneto-optical or mini-disc). Further, the invention can be used in all kinds of data networks (including local area network, wide area network and point-to-point network). Again, each kind of network and each kind of network access device has a different bandwidth. Thus, the bandwidth available for resource data would also be different. In this specification, the implementation of the present invention in a single computer system is first described, followed by a description of the implementation in a network system. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a computer system 100 that can be used to implement the present invention. Computer system 100 contains a CPU 104, read only memory (ROM) 106, RAM 108, a monitor 110, a storage interface device for reading multimedia applications (such as a CDROM reader 112), a hard disk 114, and devices for allowing a user to enter input, such as a keyboard 118 and a mouse 120. A case 116 is used to contain CPU 104, ROM 106, RAM 108 and hard disk 114. In operation, a user inserts a CDROM (not shown) containing software and data incorporating the present invention into CDROM reader 112. Keyboard 118 or mouse 120 is used to cause computer system 100 to execute a desired application associated with the CDROM. Reader 112 transfers data contained in the CDROM into RAM 108 for execution by CPU 104. FIG. 2 is a flow chart 250 showing an embodiment of the present invention. Flow chart 250 starts with steps of providing digital movie data (step 252) and resource data (step 254). These two steps can be carried out in any order or simultaneously. In this flow chart, the term "movie data" refers to any time dependent data, such as audio and video data. The video data could arise from images generated by an external video capturing device (such as a camera) or animation generated internally using computer system 100. The term "resource data" refers to any data which is not used in a frame currently displayed on monitor 110, but could be used in future frames or after the termination of the movie. The resource data obtained from step 254 is then interleaved into the movie data (step 256). The main purpose of interleaving is to make maximum use of the available transfer rate of CDROM reader 112. The interleaving is designed such that the mixture of movie data and resource data would use the full (or close to the full) transfer rate. Thus, during the time interval when the movie data alone does not use the full transfer rate (e.g., during the time interval when there is little change in the image or when only audio is played), resource data can be loaded into RAM 108. As a result, the resource data can be used later without retrieving from the CDROM. In order to fit a large resource data into the movie data, the resource data could be broken up into small pieces. These pieces will be assembled together when the resource data is used. In step 260, the interleaved data is recorded into a nonvolatile storage medium (in this example, a CDROM). Copies of the nonvolatile storage medium are then distributed to customers (step 262). A customer can use an application program to play the movie. The application retrieves the interleaved data from the CDROM (step 270). The movie data is played (step 272). In this embodiment, the movie data is not stored in RAM 108 so as to conserve memory. While the movie is played, the application determines whether the end of the movie is reached (step 276). If the answer is negative, the application determines whether the pieces of retrieved resource data match its requirements and needs, e.g., whether the resource data will be used by this application or other applications (step 278). For those pieces of resource data which causes a positive response (step 284), they are stored into an area of RAM (called persistent RAM) which have been allocated for resource data that will remain in use even after this segment of the movie has finished playing. For those pieces of resource data which cause a negative response, they are discarded (step 280). They are not stored in RAM because RAM is a valuable resource. Flow chart 250 branches to step 276. If the answer in step 276 is positive (i.e., the movie has finished playing), the resource data stored in persistent RAM is used by the application (step 286). For example, if the movie data is audio data and the resource data loaded into persistent RAM corresponds to a plurality of graphic images, the images can be displayed immediately after the sound segment has been played because the images have already been transferred to RAM. As a result, the performance of the multimedia system is improved. In another embodiment of the present invention, resource data loaded in one frame may be used by another frame (i.e., prior to the completion of the movie). Thus, when there is a lot of data in a frame, some of the data can be stored as resource data in a previous frame. As a result, there is no need to compromise data in this frame (e.g., by using a compressor having a high compression ratio). Consequently, the performance of the system is improved. As a means to illustrate the present invention, a specific computer system, an Apple Macintosh-based computer, is used as computer system 100. The Macintosh computer is controlled by an operation system stored in ROM 106 and hard disk 114. It contains many software tools to help software developers to develop multimedia applications. The preferred embodiment of this present invention uses these tools because it is the most efficient way to develop applications. Other kinds of computer systems, such as Microsoft Windows executing on an Intel-based computer, also provide similar tools. They can be used to develop products incorporating the present invention. Alternatively, a developer can develop its own tools. An exemplary application is an animation application. This application uses a software product named "QuickTime," which is developed by Apple Computer, Inc, as a vehicle to develop and play movie data. QuickTime is a cross-platform streaming video technology. In this application, the term "streaming" means data is loaded as it plays. In order to optimize the performance of a computer, QuickTime loads a little bit ahead of where it is playing. Most multimedia applications use a codec (compressor/decompressor) to reduce the size of animation, video and graphic data. Quicktime contains several built-in codecs, and also allows developers to substitute their own codec for the built-in codecs. One codec is a sprite-based codec which stores images of commonly used castmembers in RAM. To draw a castmember at a certain position on monitor 110, the application only needs to input to the codec an identification number for the castmember and the desired coordinate. The total amount of data needed to be downloaded from a CDROM could be just a few bytes instead of several Kbytes of data needed to draw the image of the castmember. Thus, a very high compression ratio can be achieved for a certain type of frames. Consequently, it is possible to ride a lot of resource data in these frames. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a movie recording and playback system 150 using QuickTime. The details of QuickTime is disclosed in two publications entitled "Inside Macintosh: QuickTime" and "Inside Macintosh: QuickTime Components," both are members of the "Apple Technical Library" and published by Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. These two books are incorporated herein by reference. In QuickTime, a set of time-based data is referred to as a "movie." This set of data is not restricted to sound or video, but could be financial data, laboratory data or other time-dependent data. Thus, a QuickTime movie is a continuous stream of time-dependent data which may come from different sources. A QuickTime movie may contain several tracks (e.g., a sound track and video track). Each track represents a single stream of data in the movie and is associated with a single "media." The term "media" refers to a data structure that contains information about data for a track in a movie. Note that the media does not contain its data; rather, a media contains a reference to its data. The media contains control information that refers to the actual movie data. The movie data may be stored on nonvolatile storage devices, such as hard disk, CDROM or floppy disk. A media specifies a media handler, which is responsible for the details of loading, storing, and playing media data. The media handler can store state information in the media. This information is referred to as "media information." The media information identifies where the media's data is stored and how to interpret that data. QuickTime contains a plurality of components. A component is a code resource that is registered by a "Component Manager" of a Macintosh computer system. Each component supports a defined set of features and presents a specified application program interface (API) to its client applications. Applications are thereby isolated from the details of implementing and managing a given technology. For example, a software developer can use a compression component to perform compression without having to know how to write codes to implement a compression algorithm. An important tool provided by QuickTime is a move toolbox, shown as reference numeral 170 in FIG. 3. It provides functions that allow applications to control all aspects of creation and playing of movies in Macintosh computer applications. The following are examples of some of the functions that are useful in the present invention: (1) NewMovie: creates a new movie in memory. (2) NewMovieTrack: creates a new movie track. (3) NewTrackMedia: creates a new media for a track. (4) NewMovieFromFile: creates a movie in memory from a resource that is stored in a movie file. (5) ConvertFiletoMovieFile: takes a specified file and converts it to movie file. (6) StartMovie: starts the movie playing from the current movie time. (7) AddMediaSample: adds sample data and a description to a media. (8) GetMediaSample: returns a sample from a movie data file. In FIG. 3, movie toolbox 170 is used to create a movie 172, which is recorded on CDROM 174. Movie toolbox 170 is also used to retrieve the movie previously recorded on CDROM 174 for playback. The creation of interleaved data is now described. FIG. 3 shows a piece of sound data 152 which can be inserted into one or more sound tracks of a movie by movie toolbox 170 (e.g., by using an "AddMediaSample" function). FIG. 3 also shows resource data 154 and animation data 158. These two types of data are fed to a compression function 164 of an image compression manager. The image compression manager provides applications with a common interface for compressing and decompressing images and sequence of images (e.g., animation). It also provides several compression and decompression options, thereby allowing developers to choose the appropriate tool for a particular result. Further, it is possible to a developer to use its own codec, if the codecs in QuickTime do not meet the requirements of the developer. The compression function 164 of the image compression manager compresses images by invoking an image compression component 168. The image compression manager also contains a decompression function 188, which can decompress images during playback by invoking an image decompression component 190. These two components are code resources that present a standard interface to the image compression manager and provide respective image-compression and image-decompression services. Image compression component 168 and image decompression component 190 could be supplied by the developer. An image compression manager data structure called "CodeNameSpec" can be used by developers to identify the name of its codec component. In the preferred embodiment, codec components especially designed for the present invention are used. These components are designed to compress and decompress (depending on whether a compression or decompression component is used) animation data and process resource data. As explained in detail below, these codec components can identify the resource data and pass it to application programs. A resource is a piece of data of a specific type. For example, data that comprises a picture is a resource data of type "PICT" while data that comprises ASCII characters is a resource data of type "TEXT." Resources may have identification numbers in addition to type information. For example, resources "PICT 1000" and "PICT 2000" are PICT resources having ID numbers of "1000" and "2000." Further, resources that are large can be broken into small pieces. One aspect of the present invention is that arbitrary groupings of many resources of many different types can be placed in one file. For example, a resource file could contain resources of type "TEXT" along with resources of type "PICT." Table 2 shows an example of a simple protocol for identifying resource data. The first four bytes of data contain a four-character letter code ("RSRC" in table 2) to indicate that it is a resource data to be interleaved into movie data. Examples of other letter codes are "VIDE" for video and "SOUN" for audio data. Note that the letter codes are user definable. The "RSRC" code serves to distinguish resource data from audio or video data. The next code is a four-byte string used to identify the resource type (e.g., picture, text, program code, etc.). The example in table 2 indicates that the data is a PICT resource. This is followed by a four-byte numeric quantity designating an identification number ("Resource ID") for the data. The next four-byte item (labelled "Total Size" in table 2) is used to indicate the total size of this particular resource. As explained above, large resource could be split into many parts. In the example of Table 2, the resource data is separated into two parts. The next four-byte item is used to indicate the size of each part (in table 2,500 bytes for each part). This is following by a four-byte number designating the part number. The last four-byte number is used to indicate the total number of parts (in this example, two parts). It should be noted that there are many ways to convey the same or similar information on the resource data. A person skilled in the art can design his/her own protocol without departing from the spirit of the present invention. TABLE 2______________________________________ Size of This # ofFrame Kind Type Resource Total this Part Parts inNo. of data Code ID Size part # Total______________________________________1 RSRC PICT 1 1000 500 0001 00022 RSRC PICT 1 1000 500 0002 0002______________________________________ Referring back to FIG. 3, compression function 164 calls an image compression component 168. Compression component 168 reads the four-character code portion of the data, thus can determine whether the data is resource data or movie data. If the data is video or animation data, the data is compressed and then sent to movie toolbox 170. If the data is resource data, the data is cut into small enough pieces for optimal interleaving. These pieces are added to a resource list of data chunks to be interleaved with the movie data. The use of this resource list will be described below. FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an algorithm 300 for riding resource data on movie data. In step 302, the user defines a threshold value for a frame data rate at which resource data could ride on a frame. In step 306, algorithm 300 scans a list of frame data sizes of a movie for periods where the data rate is below the user defined threshold. The low data rate periods are called slots. When an available slot is found, algorithm 300 takes a resource from the resource list for inserting into the frame at this slot (step 310). Algorithm 300 then determines whether the resource is too large to fit into the frame (step 312). If the resource is not too large, the resource is inserted into the frame using a QuickTime "AddMediaSample" function (step 314). Algorithm 300 then branches to step 306 to find other slots. If the resource is too large, algorithm 300 adds (again using the "AddMediaSample" function) what will fit into the current slot (step 320) and the rest of the resource to subsequent slots (step 322). Algorithm 300 then branches to step 306 to insert other resource data into other slots. The playback part of system 150 is now described. Movie toolbox 170 retrieves movie 172 from CDROM 174. It recovers audio data from the sound track in the movie. The audio data is delivered to a sound manager 184, which causes computer 196 to play sound in accordance with the audio data. The resource and animation data is delivered to decompression function 188 of the image compression manager. Decompression function 188 calls image decompression component 190. Component 190 can determine whether the data is resource data or video data based on the four-character letter code embedded in the data. If the code is RSRC, indicating that the data is resource data, decompression component 190 requests the Macintosh operation system to allocate a region 194 of RAM to store the resource data. Different regions of RAM space could be set up to store different resource data (e.g., different pictures could be stored in different RAM spaces). The resource data will be used by the current or other applications. The applications assemble the resource data using the "parts" information embedded in the data, and then process the resource data in accordance with the flow chart shown in FIG. 2. If the data is animation data, the data is routed to Macintosh's Quick Draw routine 192 (or other proprietary drawing routines), which draws an image on computer 196. It can be seen from the above that the system shown in FIG. 3 is capable of interleaving movie and resource data, and later retrieving and processing them in accordance with the needs of applications associated with the system. The implementation of the present invention in a network system is now described. FIG. 5 is a drawing showing a network system 350 of the present invention. System 350 contains a data communication network 352, which could be a local area network or a wide area network. System 350 also contains a plurality of client computers (such as computers 356-358) and a plurality of server computers (such as servers 366 and 367). These computers are connected to network 352 using a plurality of network access devices 360-364 (such as modems for connecting the client computers to dial-up lines and channel service units for connecting the server computers to T1 lines). Preferably, movie data is stored in the servers. The movie data will be delivered to the client computers either at a predetermined time or upon request. Upon receiving the data, the client computers play the movie. The structure of the client computers and the servers could be similar to computer system 100 of FIG. 1. Typically, a server is more powerful (in terms of storage capability and processing power) than the client computers. The network access devices are conventional devices for connecting the computers (servers and clients) to the data communication network, and thus will not be described in detail here. In one embodiment of the present invention, the creation of a movie with interleaved resource data (such as steps 252, 254 and 256 of FIG. 2 and blocks 152, 154, 158, 164, 168, 170 and 172 of FIG. 3)can be performed either at the sites of the servers or at a site outside of network system 350. The movie is then stored in one or more servers. Even though a movie could be created and stored in the site of a client computer, it is generally not the preferred way because the processing power and human resource at client sites are relatively limited. When a client computer wishes to play a movie, it sends a request, e.g., using a hypertext transport protocol (HTTP) in the Web, to a server which stores the movie. The movie is then transmitted to the requesting client computer. The client computer then plays the movie in accordance with steps 270, 272, 276, 278, 280, 284, and 286 of FIG. 2 and blocks 170, 184, 188, 190, 192 and 194 of FIG. 3. In another embodiment of the present invention, the interleaving can be performed at the time data is transmitted from a server to network 352. The advantage of this approach is that interleaving can be tailored to the bandwidth available to the server and the requesting client. This could be important because many network access devices can search and negotiate the best data rate available under a certain communication environment (e.g., reduce the data rate when a line is noisy). The invention has been described with reference to specific exemplary embodiments thereof. Various modification and changes may be made thereunto without departing from the broad spirit and scope of the invention. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense; the invention is limited only by the provided claims. Patent Citations
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Carshalton Frost Fair
Carshalton- Event date
- 01 Dec 2012
- Posted
- 930 days ago
The Frost Fair will run from 2-6pm.
Outside Honeywood Museum and in the nearby Memorial Gardens there will be stalls from the Wallington Farmers Market offering a range of tasty treats and craft stalls . As it gets darker the area will be lit with twinkling fairy lights and you can do some shopping with the smell of roasting chestnuts in the air.
There will also be choirs, live music and entertainment of various types with a seasonal feel.
Inside Honeywood Museum there will be children's activities including a puppet show and a Santa's Grotto. And why not head to the Honeywood Café for mulled wine, mince pies and food and drink for a well earned rest.
The Friends of the Ecology Centre will be running their Christmas Fair alongside the Frost Fair from 1-5pm, providing more activities for families, offering the chance to create festive edible tree-decorations for wildlife as well as enjoying their Winter Wonderland Trail.
The switching on of the Christmas lights, courtesy of Carshalton Street Traders Association, funded by Sutton Council will also be happening around 6pm. Shops will be open later than usual and there will also be entertainment in the High Street to continue the festivities of the afternoon.


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Sunday, 26 May 2013
4 comments:
- Catalina27 June 2013 at 01:31
Hello from Venezuela! I like your blog very much! You're such a talented girl!!! I wonder which color is that next to IBD Rocco in second wheel... I have some IBD just gel colors and I want to buy a few more, but I live in Venezuela, so I can't afford buy a polish and won't like it after... So could you tell me if I can turn a dark color into an pastel giving my nail a first layer of IBD Whipped Cream?
Thank you for your answer in advance... - Catalina27 June 2013 at 01:33
Oh! The color next IBD Rocco, but the peach one! The greenish one I know is IBD Hot Springs!
ReplyDelete This is interesting analysis about pamper party . i really like it.pamper party essex
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93 posts found | |
Originally posted by jtcgs in my experience direct attacks are removed pretty fast overall I angered the clerk in a clothing shop today. She asked me what size I was and I said actual, because I am not to scale. I like vending machines 'cause snacks are better when they fall. If I buy a candy bar at a store, oftentimes, I will drop it... so that it achieves its maximum flavor potential. --Mitch Hedberg |
Negative posts require supporting arguments and a lack of "attack words" I like to call them. Most people who post negative opinions don't do that. What are attack words? Things like "dumbed down" and "casuals" and "console generation" and other such phrases that are very thinly veiled insults towards other gamers/posters. There is a BIG difference on this website to these moderators between saying - "I thought that the control scheme and choice of on-demand available skills was both lacking and overly simplistic, any attempt at depth merely felt like tedius button mashing versus true tactical control." and "The devs dumbed down the controls and ability bars for the console generation, the sequel will probably one have one button you mash your thumbs against repeatedly to dispense loot." I've probably been lurking for way, way too long. |
Originally posted by jtcgs The original post being a troll is only your opinion, the Mods obviously disagree, but your direct attack is a direct attack. Therefore you get the ban and the post remains. |
Originally posted by jtcgs That's a common policy, across every mainstream forum I've known, from games to hardware junkies to electronics. You're supposed to report the suspected "troll", instead of responding ... which reduces the thread to gooey slop. When someone responds to a troll, someone else will respond, then another, and everything gets unmanageable shortly thereafter. Then come the insults. Next thing anyone knows they are talking about the transition of Barbie outfits between the 70's and 90's. Want a nice understanding of life? Try Spirit Science: "The Human History" |
Apprentice Member
Joined: 7/26/04 Fat, drunk and stupid is no way to go through life, son. |
Originally posted by essaidi You'll find the sight rife with employees ( with multiple accounts ) of the site that stir and move conversation to maintain traffic. After all site like this charge advertising based on traffic , so it's in their interest . You'll also find that employees or agents of the companies themselves posting surreptitiously, promoting their products or dismissing/panning the competitors products. It's all part of the game. There are ordinary people here also with opinions and points of view, some like to post others view it as a sport on how to aggravate and inflame others only to report them. You'll find that the site tends to favor posters from the companies that pay to advertise here. Part of how the world works. Unfortunately there are no rules for full disclosure for the companies that run these sites and posters. Enjoy the banter , participate at your own risk , critic if you dare and who you dare , but be prepared for a time out if you critic too harshly the wrong person. |
Originally posted by MightyChasm Ah, see It's hard to tell here when someone is joking or not, thanks for clarification! :D Currently Playing: ESO and FFXIV |
Hard Core Member
Joined: 3/30/10 I don't Forum PVP. If that's what you're looking for, try someone else. |
So what did computer graphics look like in the 1950s? I didn't start coding until 1977, and they were pretty bad back then. Lots of text on a teletype mostly. Video terminal if you were high tech. http://www.LMORPG.com My genre blog. |
You know the really sad part is that once upon a time mmorpg.com was a highly respected review site. Now its just a joke wrapped in denial and deception. |
Originally posted by RefMinor Actually, when a thread is going on track and 2-3 people are responding in kind debating a topic and someone replies to a long post WITH bulletpoints on his refutes with "stop complaining like a little girl and go play WoW"...there is little doubt about the troll attempt...and replying with "we are having a discussion here can you please troll someplace else" really shouldnt be a bannable offense. But that is the occasional derp level of the site depending on who has their finger over the ban button that day. "I hope we shall crush...in its birth the aristocracy of our moneyed corporations, which dare already to challenge our government to a trial of strength and bid defiance to the laws of our country." ~Thomes Jefferson |
Originally posted by XAPGames http://techland.time.com/2013/01/25/what-computer-graphics-looked-like-in-the-late-1950s/ |
Originally posted by AG-Vuk The term is Astroturfing. It's been loosely in and out of the news. EA Viral Marketing Exposed, Big Buyout On The Horizon?published: 2012-03-27 21:15:06 http://www.cinemablend.com/games/EA-Viral-Marketing-Exposed-Big-Buyout-Horizon-40885.html It was such a problem in industries promoting a product, from electronics to beauty creams, that Astroturfing was made illegal (fairly recently the FTC guidelines were modified to include forum/blog advertising with false pretext & not identifying their relation to the endorsing company): Astroturfing violates the FTC Endorsement and Advertising Guidelines, under section 255.5 (http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=ecfr&rgn=div8&view=text&node=16:188.8.131.52.126.96.36.199&idno=16). Furthering that, a smear campaign got Facebook in some big doodoo a couple years ago. I guess astroturfers nowadays are careful to reveal differences between products and not specifically smear a competitors product or its designers (ie: that game sucks, developers for that "other" game are retards, etc), or instigate arguments & downplay another game outside of a comparison context (under the guise of educational discussion). So does it still happen on 3rd party websites / forums? Probably, though not legally. Can companies like Blizzard and EA astroturf their own official forums? Can any company? Their own forums - yes. 3rd party forums - NO. That said, it's also highly unethical to spam forums with how great a game is, without telling everyone first that you also are affiliated with the manufacturer and / or the product. Some companies participate in this practice, but not legally (in the USA - I'm not sure how Europe adopted these laws). Want a nice understanding of life? Try Spirit Science: "The Human History" |
Apprentice Member
Joined: 7/26/04 Fat, drunk and stupid is no way to go through life, son. |
Originally posted by Karteli To that, I'll just add that US laws only apply directly to people living in the US , and US companies and Subsidaries in the US. That being said the entire purpose of corporate lawyers is to find ways around the rules to benefit the client. The old saying, where there is a will, there is a way. |
one thing i have noticed is some posters use the "with all due respect" approach to some forums.. seems some feel if they say a couple nice comments towards a game it gives them carte blanche to bash the game in every thread.. but again i don't really see an issue with posting constructive critisism on any game as if people didn't these forums would be a pretty boring place with not much discussion at all... everything would be BOB: Game x is the BEST JIM: i AGREE best ever! I angered the clerk in a clothing shop today. She asked me what size I was and I said actual, because I am not to scale. I like vending machines 'cause snacks are better when they fall. If I buy a candy bar at a store, oftentimes, I will drop it... so that it achieves its maximum flavor potential. --Mitch Hedberg |


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What did you find better than MMORPG standards? What's merely different?
For me, what's above and beyond what the competition has done to date, is their world building. It's little touches like NPCs talking to each other, like some old Charr devourer trainer and his three 'kit' apprentices. I had to drop a Nr.2 in the loo whilst standing next to them, so I heard like 5 or 6 unique conversations. One kit asks the teacher if devourers have a warband, and the teacher gruffly responds that devourers are a tool of war, and as such have no warband. The world is full of NPCs doing that. Gossiping, talking, discussing. Whilst 'area-bound heart quests' aren't a mechanical relevation - you'll still kill monsters and collect and return items and interact with hotspots - the effect it has on the 'feel' of the gameworld is immense. Even more so the dynamic events. One moment I'm in a snowball fight with the playful youth of a Norn village to gain favor with the villagers, the next moment a band of bears attacks to raid the the local beekeeper's beehives. Just grand. Or some kid hits the blacksmith with a snowball, and he loses it and turns into his Norn-Animal-Hybrid form and goes on a rampage.
What's merely different, and I'm not yet completely sure if it'll work for me in the longrun, is how GW2 drops the holy trinity. Instead of the mutual codependence of tank and healer and damage dealer - players being bound to a set role within a group - the game's combat mechanics build on self-reliance and cooperation. Everybody gets all the tools needed to succeed, with very limited direct support, and lots of synergies/combos - with different abilities augmenting each others effectiveness. The upside, I'll never need to search for something extremely specific. For the most cases, if I need to group, anybody will do. The downside, group play gets awfully muddy. I didn't get to play any specific group content, such as a 5-man dungeon, this past BWE - so I can't really comment on how it will feel in a tough PvE encounter; in instanced PvP however, I lacked a sense of 'group play' beyond sheer numbers. I guess given a challenge and a steady group of players in VoIP, this will be alleviated to some degree - though I do remain skeptical until I 'feel' GW2's group play come together firsthand.
What about you guys? Did you find something particularly 'better than' other games in the genre? What's your stance on the many things GW2 does a little differently, like questing and group dynamics. For me, it's mostly feel of the world and quality of the presentation, which feels truely MMO 2.0. I'm not yet completely sold on some of GW2's mechanics though. Especially the combat system's depth is definitely less apparent - rather than being clearly structured into tanking/supporting/damaging, it's about nuance. An extra layer of depth to cooperation, rather than finely honed codependence. I know I'll love it in the 'short-term' (by MMORPG standards) - if it will hold up for months and years though, I'm still skeptical.


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Subject: Re: [OMPI users] open MPI please recommend a debugger for open MPI From: Jeremy Roberts (j.alyn.roberts_at_[hidden]) Date: 2010-10-29 07:06:32
I'd suggest looking into TotalView (http://www.totalviewtech.com) and/or DDT (http://www.allinea.com/). I've used TotalView pretty extensively and found it to be pretty easy to use. They are both commercial, however, and not cheap.
As far as I know, there isn't a whole lot of open source support for parallel debugging. The Parallel Tools Platform of Eclipse claims to provide a parallel debugger, though I have yet to try it ( http://www.eclipse.org/ptp/).
On Fri, Oct 29, 2010 at 12:55 AM, Jack Bryan <dtustudy68_at_[hidden]> wrote:
> Hi, > > Would you please recommend a debugger, which can do debugging for parallel > processes > on Open MPI systems ? > > I hope that it can be installed without root right because I am not a root > user for our > MPI cluster. > > Any help is appreciated. > > Thanks > > Jack > > Oct. 28 2010 > > _______________________________________________ > users mailing list > users_at_[hidden] > http://www.open-mpi.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/users >


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The music program focuses on making music, and listening to and responding to music others have produced. Students sing, play instruments, move and create music. Once a skill has been introduced, it is reinforced in subsequent grade levels.
Kindergarten through Fifth Grade Resource: Spotlight on Music, Macmillan/McGraw-Hill
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In band, students study instrumental music. Through the development of instrumental techniques, ensemble skills, theory and history studies, students learn to appreciate music and become able to express music appropriate for their developmental level.
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text: China-base athletic lifestyle label Li-Ning took a huge step in its ever expanding marketing plan here in the US by signing a multi-year contact with Evan Turner this morning. The #2 overall pick in the 2010 NBA Draft, Turner is a multiple awards recipient, including the Naismith Award, John Wooden Award and the Associated Press College Basketball Player of the Year title. The former Ohio State Buckeyes helped the team to reached the Big Ten Conference Championship this year and signed with the Philadelphia 76ers to a 3-year deal worth around $12 million dollars. Though the specific of the Li-Ning was not disclosed, Turner joins the Li-Ning's growing roster of athletes which includes of Shaquille O'Neal and Baron Davis. A global market campaign with Turner is set to launch immediately. In addition, his own signature line of footwear and apparel will debut sometimes next year. See a video as Evan Turner, along with Li-Ning Brand Director Brian Cupps and super agent David Faulk (former agent to Michael Jordan) talked about this new deal with CNBC's Darren Rovell after the jump.


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Best Bites Blog > Food Trucks
Truck Stops: Where to Find Lunch on Wheels
Every morning, we'll let you know where the area's food trucks are rolling
Dupont Circle (around 20th and P sts., NW), where you'll find CapMac.
Farragut Square (17th and K sts., NW), where you'll find Austin Grill Truck, DC Slices, El Floridano, Sabor'a Street, Sol Mexican Grill, Curbside Cupcakes (Pinky 2's fist stop), Magellan's from Sâuçá, Tasty Kabob, and Sweetbites Truck.
Foggy Bottom/State Department area (around 20th St. and Virginia Ave., NW), where you'll find Benethiopia from Fojol Bros and Fry Captain.
Franklin Park (around 13th and K sts., NW), where you'll find BBQ Bus, Big Cheese Truck, DC Empanadas, Eat Stix, Eat Wonky, The Ficelle, Merlindia from Fojol Bros, Pi Truck, Pleasant Pops, Curbside Cupcakes (Pinky 2's second stop), and Pangea from Sâuçá.
Gallery Place (around Eighth and F sts., NW), where you'll find TaKorean.
L'Enfant (around Sixth St. and Maryland Ave., SW), where you'll find Saucalito's from Sâuçá.
Maryland, where you'll find Red Hook Lobster and Sub Urban Bros (both at 8600 Georgia Ave., Silver Spring, across from Discovery Channel).
Metro Center (around 12th and G sts., NW), where you'll find Porc Mobile and Curbside Cupcakes (Pinky 1's third stop).
Navy Yard (New Jersey Ave. and M St., SE), where you'll find Dippin Dots (first stop) and Sidewalk Sweetsations (second stop).
Northern Virginia, where you'll find District Taco (Rosslyn), Maple Ave Xpress (GMU), Top Dog Truck (Tysons Corner on Solutions Drive), Curbside Cupcakes (Pinky 3 in Rosslyn, Courthouse, Virginia Square-GMU, and Ballston), BBQ Bandidos (Ballston), and Sweet Fleet (Crystal City).
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Drs. Roger Hewitt and David Demer.
Image ID: fish8497, NOAA's Fisheries Collection Photo Date: 1993 Photographer: Dr. Roger Hewitt, NOAA NMFS SWFSC Credit: NOAA NMFS SWFSC Antarctic Marine Living Resources (AMLR) Program • High Resolution Photo Available
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of 1,088,971 People
< what's the formula?
Clifford Irving
Clifford Michael Irving is an American investigative reporter and writer. He is best known for a fake "autobiography" of Howard Hughes in the early 1970s. After Hughes denounced him and sued McGraw-Hill, the publisher, Irving confessed the hoax and was sentenced to two-and-a-half years in prison, serving 17 months.
... more on Wikipedia


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This week, 25 Central New York students got a chance to learn about suturing, putting on a cast and doing cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
They were all taking part in Upstate Medical University's annual MedQuest camp, which ended Friday. The camp tries to give teens hands-on experience in healthcare in hopes they will pursue healthcare careers.
The students stayed in a Syracuse University residence hall during the weeklong camp and attended workshops from 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. each day.
Careers in healthcare are among the most in-demand jobs with a wide range of medical positions seeking qualified applicants, organizers said.
The program is sponsored by Upstate Medical, Central New York Area Health Education Center and Excellus BlueCross BlueShield.
Central New York teens get up close look at what it takes to be a doctor, nurse or other healthcare professional
syracuse.com | The Post-Standard
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on July 22, 2011 at 6:35 PM, updated July 22, 2011 at 9:59 PM


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| Format | Pages | Price |   |
Hardcopy (shipping and handling) | 6 | $43.00 |   ADD TO CART | |
Standard + Redline PDF Bundle | 12 | $51.60 |   ADD TO CART |
Historical Version(s) - view previous versions of standard
Significance and Use
Test Method A is frequently used to test large systems and complex piping installations that can be filled with a trace gas. Helium is normally used. The test method is used to locate leaks but cannot be used to quantify except for approximation. Care must be taken to provide sufficient ventilation to prevent increasing the helium background at the test site. Results are limited by the helium background and the percentage of the leaking trace gas captured by the probe.
Test Method B is used to increase the concentration of trace gas coming through the leak by capturing it within an enclosure until the signal above the helium background can be detected. By introducing a calibrated leak into the same volume for a recorded time interval, leak rates can be measured.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers procedures for testing and locating the sources of gas leaking at the rate of 1 × 10−7 Pa m3/s (1 × 10−8 Std cm3/s) or greater. The test may be conducted on any device or component across which a pressure differential of helium or other suitable tracer gas may be created, and on which the effluent side of the leak to be tested is accessible for probing with the mass spectrometer sampling probe.
1.2 Two test methods are described:
1.2.1 Test Method A—Direct probing, and
1.2.2 Test Method B—Accumulation.
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI or std-cc/sec units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents: therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.
ASTM Standards
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
Other Documents
ANSI/ASNTCP-189 ASNT Standard for Qualification and Certification of Nondestructive Testing PersonnelICS Code
ICS Number Code 19.100 (Non-destructive testing)
UNSPSC Code
UNSPSC Code 41115404(Mass spectrometers); 41111809(Leak testing equipment)
ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.
Citation Format
ASTM E499 / E499M-11, Standard Practice for Leaks Using the Mass Spectrometer Leak Detector in the Detector Probe Mode , ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2011, www.astm.org
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text:
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May 20, 2012.
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Welcome to the world of Electric-Sports
The brand new KTM Freeride E sets new standards in off-road sport - easy handling, accurately and with sufficient power reserves, there is no hardly terrain that the Freeride E can not handle.
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