text:
The Book of Mormon (musical)
The Book of Mormon | |
Official poster of the original Broadway production
Music | Trey Parker Robert Lopez Matt Stone |
Lyrics | Trey Parker Robert Lopez Matt Stone |
Book | Trey Parker Robert Lopez Matt Stone |
Productions | 2011 Broadway 2012 First U.S. tour 2012 Chicago 2013 West End 2013 Second U.S. tour |
Awards | Tony Award for Best Musical Tony Award for Best Book of a Musical Tony Award for Best Original Score New York Drama Critics' Circle Award for Best Musical Outer Critics Circle Award for Outstanding New Broadway Musical Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Musical Grammy Award for Best Musical Theater Album Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Musical |
The Book of Mormon is a religious satire musical with book, lyrics, and music by Trey Parker, Robert Lopez, and Matt Stone.[1] Best known for creating the animated comedy South Park, Parker and Stone co-created the music with Lopez, a co-composer/co-lyricist of Avenue Q. The Book of Mormon tells the story of two young Mormon missionaries sent to a remote village in northern Uganda, where a brutal warlord is threatening the local population. Naïve and optimistic, the two missionaries try to share the Book of Mormon, one of their scriptures—which only one of them has read—but have trouble connecting with the locals, who are more worried about war, famine, poverty and AIDS than about religion.[2]
Development on the musical began in 2003, with the trio meeting sporadically to work on the musical for several years. Parker and Stone grew up in Colorado, and references to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints had been commonplace in their previous works. For research, the trio took a trip to Salt Lake City to meet with current and former Mormon missionaries. Developmental workshops were staged beginning in 2008. The show's producer, Scott Rudin, opted to open the show directly on Broadway. The LDS Church issued a polite, measured response to the musical, and purchased advertising space in its playbill in later runs.
After nearly seven years of development, the show opened on Broadway in March 2011. The Book of Mormon garnered overwhelmingly positive critical response, and set records in ticket sales for the Eugene O'Neill Theatre. The show was awarded nine Tony Awards, one of which was for Best Musical, and a Grammy Award for Best Musical Theater Album. The original Broadway cast recording became the highest-charting Broadway cast album in over four decades, reaching number three on the Billboard charts. It premiered in the West End in 2013, and has staged two national tours.
The Book of Mormon was conceived by Trey Parker, Robert Lopez, and Matt Stone. Both Parker and Stone grew up in Colorado, and were somewhat familiar with The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and its members.[3] Parker had an extensive background in music before meeting Stone; in high school, he was in the chorus of a community theater production of The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas and was piano player for the chorus as well as president of Choir Counsel. He also performed in productions of Grease and Flower Drum Song, and helped build the set for the community theater production of Little Shop of Horrors.[4][5] The writers became friends at the University of Colorado at Boulder. At the college, they collaborated on a musical film, Cannibal! The Musical (1993), their first experience with movie musicals.[6] In 1997, they created the TV series South Park for Comedy Central and the 1999 musical film South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut.[7] The two had first thought of a fictionalized Joseph Smith, religious leader and founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, while working on an aborted Fox series about historical characters.[3] Their 1998 film, Orgazmo, and the 2003 episode "All About Mormons" of South Park both gave comic treatment to Mormonism.[6]
During the summer of 2003, Parker and Stone flew to New York City to discuss the script of their new film, Team America: World Police, with friend and producer Scott Rudin (who also produced South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut).[3][8] Rudin advised the duo to see the musical Avenue Q on Broadway, finding the cast of marionettes in Team America similar to the puppets of Avenue Q.[8] Parker and Stone went to see the production during that summer and the writer-composers of Avenue Q, Lopez and Jeff Marx noticed them in the audience and introduced themselves. Lopez revealed that South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut was highly influential in the creation of Avenue Q.[8] The quartet went for drinks afterwards, and soon found that each camp wanted to write something involving Joseph Smith.[3] The four began working out details nearly immediately, with the idea to create a modern story formulated early on.[3] For research purposes, the quartet took a field trip to Salt Lake City where they "interviewed a bunch of missionaries—or ex-missionaries."[9] They had to work around Parker and Stone's South Park schedule.[6][10] In 2006, Parker and Stone flew to London where they spent three weeks with Lopez, who was working on the West End production of Avenue Q. There, the three wrote "four or five songs" and came up with the basic idea of the story. After fighting between Parker and Marx, who felt like he wasn't getting enough creative control, Marx was separated from the project.[11] For the next few years, the remaining trio met frequently to develop what they initially called The Book of Mormon: The Musical of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. "There was a lot of hopping back and forth between L.A. and New York," Parker recalled.[3]
There are numerous revealed changes from original script to final production. A song named Family Home Evening that made it into the previews was later cut. The warlord in Uganda was called General Kony in previews but later changed to General Butt Fucking Naked. The song All-American Prophet went through a major rewrite and was originally called The Bible Part III. It was based around how the third movie in movie trilogies is always the best one and sums everything up which led to a recurring Matrix joke where an Ugandan man said "I thought the third Matrix was the worst one" which later changed to "I have maggots in my scrotum".[12] The song Spooky Mormon Hell Dream was originally called "H-E Double Hockey Sticks".
Lopez pushed for the stage, and his partners concurred. Lopez prodded them to take the project a step further and "workshop" it, which baffled Parker and Stone, clueless about what he meant.[3] Developmental workshops were directed by Jason Moore, and starred Cheyenne Jackson.[13] Other actors in readings included Benjamin Walker and Daniel Reichard.[14] The crew embarked on the first of a half-dozen workshops that would take place during the next four years, ranging from 30-minute mini-performances for family and friends to much larger-scale renderings of the embryonic show. They spent hundreds of thousands of dollars of their own money, still unconvinced they would take it any further.[3] In February 2008, a fully staged reading starred Walker and Josh Gad as Elders Price and Cunningham, respectively.[14] Moore was originally set to direct, but left the production in June 2010.[14] Other directors, including James Lapine, were optioned to join the creative team, but the producers recruited Casey Nicholaw.[14] A final five-week workshop took place in August 2010, when Nicholaw came on board as choreographer and co-director with Parker.[3]
Rudin was named as the producer of the show.[15] Originally, Rudin planned to stage The Book of Mormon off-Broadway at the New York Theatre Workshop in Summer 2010, but opted to premiere it directly on Broadway, "[s]ince the guys [Parker and Stone] work best when the stakes are highest."[14] Rudin booked the Eugene O'Neill Theatre and hired key players while sets were designed and built.[3] Rudin expected the production to cost $11 million, but it came in under budget at $9 million.[14] Hundreds of actors auditioned and 28 were cast. When a rehearsal space was found, the work of producing a full-blown musical got under way.[3] Parker and Stone, along with their families, decamped from Los Angeles to New York City shortly after the completion of South Park 's fourteenth season in November 2010. The cast and crew then frantically delved into rewrites and rehearsals. The crew did four weeks of rehearsals, with an additional two weeks of technical rehearsals, and then went directly into previews. The producers first heard the musical with the full pit six days before the first paying audience.[3]
Broadway (2011–)[edit]
The Book of Mormon premiered on Broadway at the Eugene O'Neill Theatre on March 24, 2011, following previews since February 24.[16][17] The production is choreographed by Casey Nicholaw and co-directed by Nicholaw and Parker. Set design is by Scott Pask, with costumes by Ann Roth, lighting by Brian MacDevitt, and sound by Brian Ronan. Orchestrations were co-created by Larry Hochman and the show's musical director and vocal arranger Stephen Oremus.[18] The production was originally headlined by Josh Gad and Andrew Rannells in the two leading roles.[18]
On April 25, 2011, the producers confirmed that "counterfeit tickets to the Broadway production had been sold to and presented by theatergoers on at least five different occasions". An article in The New York Times reported, "In each case, the tickets were purchased on Craigslist, and while a single seller is suspected, the ticket purchases have taken place in different locations each time. ... [T]he production's management and Jujamcyn Theaters, which operates the O'Neill, had notified the New York Police Department".[19]
The New York production of The Book of Mormon employed an innovative pricing strategy, similar to the ones used in the airline and hotel industries. The producers charged as much as $477 for the best seats for performances with particularly high demand.[20] The strategy paid off handsomely. During its first year, the show was consistently one of the top five best-selling shows on Broadway and set 22 new weekly sales records for the Eugene O'Neill Theater. For the week of Thanksgiving 2011, the average paid admission was over $170 even though the highest-priced regular seat was listed at $155.[21] High attendance coupled with aggressive pricing allowed the financial backers to recoup their investment of $11.4 million after just nine months of performances.[22]
After Gad's departure in June 2012, standby Jared Gertner played the role, until June 26 when Cale Krise permanently took over. In the same month (June 2012), original star Rannells was replaced by his standby Nic Rouleau. The same day, Samantha Marie Ware played Nabulungi on Broadway as the start of a 6-week engagement (James was shooting a film) in preparation for her tour performance.[23] Following Rouleau's departure in November 2012, the role of Elder Price was taken over by Matt Doyle.[24] In December 2012, Jon Bass joined as Elder Cunningham. Original cast member Rory O'Malley was replaced by Matt Loehr in January 2013. In April 2013, Stanley Wayne Mathis joined the cast as Mafala Hatimbi. In May 2013, Jon Bass left the role of Elder Cunningham, and was replaced by Cody Jamison Strand.
First U.S. national tour (2012–)[edit]
The first North American tour began previews on August 14, 2012 at the Denver Center for the Performing Arts in Denver, Colorado, before moving to the Pantages Theatre in Los Angeles beginning September 5, with the official opening night for the tour on September 12. Originally planned to begin in December 2012, production was pushed forward four months.[25] Gavin Creel (Price) and Jared Gertner (Cunningham) led the cast[26] until late December when West End performer Mark Evans and Christopher John O'Neill took over, allowing time for Creel and Gertner to begin rehearsals.
Chicago (2012–2013)[edit]
The first replica sit-down production, separate from the tour, began previews on December 11, 2012, and officially opened on December 19 of that year, at the Bank of America Theatre in Chicago, Illinois as part of Broadway in Chicago. The limited engagement closed October 6, 2013 and became the second U.S. national tour.[27][28][29] The cast includes Nic Rouleau in the role of Price, along with Ben Platt as Cunningham.[30]
West End (2013–)[edit]
A UK production debuted in the West End on February 25, 2013 at the Prince of Wales Theatre.[31] Gavin Creel and Jared Gertner reprised their North American tour performances.[32] The London cast members hosted a gala performance of the new musical on March 13, 2013, raising £200,000 for the British charity Comic Relief's Red Nose Day.[33] A typical London performance runs two hours and 30 minutes,[34] including an interval of 15 minutes.[35] In March 2014 The Book of Mormon was voted Funniest West End Show as part of the 2014 West End Frame Awards.[36]
After February 2, 2015, Broadway actor Nic Rouleau, cast in the role Elder Kevin Price replaced Billy Harrigan Tighe, and Brian Sears, who also starred on Broadway, replaced A.J. Holmes as Elder Cunningham.[37]
Second U.S. national tour (2013–)[edit]
After the Chicago production closed on October 6, 2013, the same production began touring the U.S. David Larsen succeeded Nic Rouleau as Elder Price. A.J. Holmes succeeded Ben Platt as Elder Cunningham. Cody Jamison Strand then succeeded A.J. Holmes in the role.[38]
As part of the tour, the musical will be performed in Salt Lake City for the first time at the end of July 2015.[39]
Australian Production (2017)[edit]
On 28th April 2015, Victorian Premier Daniel Andrews announced that The Book of Mormon would make its Australian debut, opening at the Princess Theatre, Melbourne in January 2017. Creators Trey Parker, Robert Lopez and Matt Stone will supposedly begin casting in Tasmania. No further information has been given about this production.
Act I[edit]
At LDS Church Missionary Training Center in Provo, Utah, a devout, handsome, supercilious missionary-to-be, Elder Kevin Price, leads his classmates in a demonstration of the door-to-door attempt to convert people to Mormonism ("Hello!"). One of the missionaries, Elder Arnold Cunningham, is an insecure, incorrigible nerd and a compulsive liar who is completely hopeless at sticking to the approved dialogue. Price believes if he prays enough, he will be sent to Orlando, Florida for his two-year mission, but to his shock he and Cunningham are sent to Uganda as a pair ("Two By Two"). After saying goodbye to their families, the elders board a plane at the Salt Lake City airport. Price is sure he's destined to do something incredible (on his own), while Cunningham is just happy to have a best friend – one he met just the previous day and who, due to mission rule #72, literally cannot leave him alone except to go to the bathroom ("You And Me (But Mostly Me)").
Immediately upon arrival in northern Uganda, the two are robbed at gunpoint by soldiers of a local warlord, General Butt-Fucking Naked (an allusion to the real General Butt Naked). They are welcomed to the village by the chief, Mafala Hatimbi, and a group of villagers share their daily realities of living in appalling conditions of famine, poverty and AIDS, while being ruled by Butt-Fucking Naked, who is despotic, murderous, and obsessed with female circumcision. To make their lives seem better, the villagers constantly repeat the phrase "hasa diga eebowai" and sing to the tune of a song ("Hasa Diga Eebowai") composed around that phrase. Price and Cunningham join them in the song but are horrified to find out "hasa diga eebowai" translates to "Fuck you, God" and the villagers constantly blaspheme to cheer themselves up.
Elder Price and Elder Cunningham, left defeated and mortified, are led to their living quarters by Nabulungi, Hatimbi's daughter, where they meet the fellow missionaries stationed in the area, who have been unable to convert anyone to Mormonism. Elder McKinley, the district leader, teaches Price and Cunningham a widely accepted method of dealing with the negative and upsetting feelings brought on by the challenges of Mormon life (including McKinley's own repressed homosexual thoughts), inviting them to "turn it off like a light switch" ("Turn It Off"). The others agree their feelings must be hidden at all costs. Though Price is riddled with anxiety, Cunningham reassures him he will succeed in bringing the native Ugandans to the church ("I Am Here for You").
Price is certain he can succeed where the other Mormon elders have failed, teaching the villagers about Joseph Smith, the founder of the LDS Church through a song that begins as a tribute to Smith but eventually descends into a tribute by Price to himself ("All-American Prophet"). The villagers do not show any interest in the slightest as they find religion useless and Price arrogant and annoying. Shortly after Price's attempt to dazzle the villagers, General Butt-Fucking-Naked arrives and announces his demand for the circumcision of all female villagers by week's end (as his paranoia has led him to believe that all of the clitorises in the village will "power up" and destroy him). After a villager protests, the general executes him without warning, spattering Price with blood. Safely hiding back at home, Nabulungi, moved by Price's promise of an earthly paradise, dreams of a better life in a new land ("Sal Tlay Ka Siti").
At the mission headquarters, Elder McKinley flies into a panic after he receives a message saying the Mission President has requested a full progress report on their utterly unsuccessful mission and his anxiety is only worsened after he learns of Price and Cunningham's failure. Shocked by the execution and dark reality of Africa, Price decides to abandon his mission and requests for transfer to Orlando while Cunningham, ever loyal, assures Price he'll follow him anywhere ("I Am Here For You [Reprise]"). However, Price unceremoniously dumps him as mission companion. Cunningham is crushed and alone, but when Nabulungi comes to him, wanting to learn more about the Book of Mormon and having convinced the villagers to listen to him, Cunningham finds the courage to take control of the situation for the first time in his life ("Man Up").
Act II[edit]
Cunningham has never actually read the Book of Mormon, so when his audience begins to get frustrated and leave, he quickly makes up stories by combining what he knows of Mormon doctrines with bits and pieces of science fiction. Cunningham's creative stories relate to the problems of living in a war-torn Uganda, which gets the people listening. Cunningham's conscience (personified by his father, Joseph Smith, hobbits, Lt. Uhura, and Yoda) admonishes him, but he rationalizes that if it is to help people, it surely can't be wrong ("Making Things Up Again").
Price joyfully arrives in Orlando but then realizes that he has no memory of getting there and that he is dreaming. He reflects on the misdemeanor he committed in his childhood – blaming the theft of a doughnut on his brother, Jack. He is reminded of the nightmares of hell he had as a child and flies into a panic when his nightmare begins once again ("Spooky Mormon Hell Dream"). In his dream Price is plunged into hell, where he is tortured by demons, Lucifer, the spirits of Hitler, Jeffrey Dahmer, Genghis Khan and Johnnie Cochran, and dancing cups of coffee.
Price awakens from his nightmare and, terror stricken, decides to re-commit to his mission (to the complete lack of surprise of the other elders, who have all had the hell dream too.) Cunningham arrives and announces that ten eager Ugandans are interested in the church, but still stung by Price's rejection, he is unwilling to let Price back into his life. McKinley points out that unless the general is dealt with, no one will convert. Price, seeing the chance to prove his worth, is inspired and sets off on the "mission he was born to do". After re-affirming his faith, he confronts the general with the Book of Mormon in hand, determined to convert him ("I Believe"). Price is next seen in a doctor's office, having the Book of Mormon removed from his rectum.
Cunningham concludes his preaching and the villagers are enchanted; they are baptized and accept Mormonism, with Nabulungi and Cunningham sharing a tender moment as they do ("Baptize Me"). The Mormon missionaries feel oneness with the people of Uganda, and celebrate ("I Am Africa"). Meanwhile, the general hears of the villagers' conversion, and fearing that the Mormons will "power up their clitorises" to destroy him, he resolves to kill them all.
Price drowns his sorrows in numerous cups of coffee at a café in Kitguli, where Cunningham finds him. He tells the bitter Price they need to – at least – act like mission companions, as the Mission President and other senior Mormon leaders are coming to visit the Ugandan mission team to congratulate them on their progress. After Cunningham leaves, Price bitterly reflects over all the broken promises the Church, his parents, his friends and life in general made to him ("Orlando").
At the celebration, Price and Cunningham are singled out as the most successful missionaries in all Africa. Shortly thereafter, Nabulungi and the villagers burst in, and ask to perform a pageant to "honor [them] with the story of Joseph Smith, the American Moses" ("Joseph Smith American Moses"), which reflects the distortions of standard Mormon doctrine and embellishments put forth by Cunningham, which include Joseph Smith having sex with frogs to cure his AIDS, 'Great Wizard' Moroni coming down from Starship Enterprise, and Smith dying of dysentery. The Mission President is appalled, ordering all the missionaries to go home, and telling Nabulungi she and her fellow villagers are not Mormons. Nabulungi, heartbroken at the thought that she will never reach paradise, curses God for forsaking her ("Hasa Diga Eebowai [Reprise]"). Cunningham is distraught at his failure, but Price has had an epiphany and realizes Cunningham was right all along; though scriptures are important, what's more important is getting the message across. Reconciled, they race off to rescue Nabulungi and the villagers from the general.
Still angry at Cunningham, Nabulungi tells the villagers he was eaten by lions when they ask of his whereabouts. The general arrives, and Nabulungi is ready to submit to him, telling the villagers that the stories Cunningham told them aren't true. To her shock, they respond that they have always known that the stories were metaphors rather than being literally true. Cunningham returns, making everyone believe that he had "risen" after being eaten by lions. Price and Cunningham then drive the general away, telling him he can't hurt the "undead"; along with the threat that they would use the power of Christ to turn him into a lesbian (as the general fears the clitoris). The missionaries are set to depart when Price offers them that since they came to the village to help people, they can still do so even having been excommunicated. Price rallies everyone – the Mormons and the Ugandans — to work together to make this their paradise planet, because, after all, they are all Latter-Day Saints. Later, the newly minted Ugandan elders (including the newly converted general) go door to door (or rather mud hut to mud hut) to evangelize "The Book of Arnold." ("Tomorrow Is a Latter Day"/"Hello! (Reprise)"/"Finale").
Musical numbers[edit]
† This song is omitted from the cast album.
†† Compiled as part of "Tomorrow Is a Latter Day" on the cast album.
The Book of Mormon uses a nine-member orchestra:[40][41]
- Reeds (Flute, Piccolo, Alto, Tenor Saxophones, Clarinet, Oboe, Bansuri, Soprano and Alto Recorders)
- Trumpet (doubling Piccolo Trumpet and Flugelhorn)
- Trombone (doubling Bass Trombone)
- Drums/Percussion/Electronic percussion
- Keyboard I
- Keyboard II
- Violin/Viola
- Guitars (Electric, Acoustic, Classical and Archtop)
- Basses (Electric, Fretless and Upright)
Original Broadway cast recording[edit]
A cast recording of the original Broadway production was released on May 17, 2011, by Ghostlight Records. All of the songs featured on stage are present on the recording with the exception of "Orlando" and "You and Me (But Mostly Me)" (Reprise). "Hello" (Reprise) and "Finale" are attached to the end of the last track of the CD, titled, "Tomorrow Is a Latter Day". A free preview of the entire recording was released on NPR starting on May 9, 2011.[42][43][44] Excerpts from the cast recording are featured in an extended Fresh Air interview.[9]
During its first week of its iTunes Store release, the recording became "the fastest-selling Broadway cast album in iTunes history," according to representatives for the production, ranking No. 2 on its day of release on the iTunes Top 10 Chart. According to Playbill, "It's a rare occurrence for a Broadway cast album to place among the iTunes best sellers."[45] The record has received positive reviews, with Rolling Stone calling the recording an "outstanding album that highlights the wit of the lyrics and the incredible tunefulness of the songs while leaving you desperate to score tickets to see the actual show."[46] Although the cast album had a respectable debut on the US Billboard 200 chart in its initial week of release, after the show's success at the 2011 Tony Awards, the record skyrocketed back up the chart to number three, making it the highest-charting Broadway cast album in over four decades.[47][48]
Characters and cast members[edit]
The principal cast members of all major productions of The Book of Mormon.[49][50][51][52]
Character | Description | Original Broadway Cast | Current Broadway Cast | Original 1st US Tour Cast | Current 1st US Tour Cast | Original 2nd US Tour Cast | Current 2nd US Tour Cast | Original West End Cast | Current West End Cast |
Elder Kevin Price | A Mormon missionary sent to Uganda, though he wishes to go to Orlando instead. | Andrew Rannells | Gavin Creel | Gavin Creel | Billy Harrigan Tighe | Nic Rouleau | David Larsen | Gavin Creel | Nic Rouleau |
Elder Arnold Cunningham | Missionary paired with Price, also sent to Uganda. He often weaves characters from Star Wars and The Lord of the Rings into his teachings. | Josh Gad | Christopher John O'Neill | Jared Gertner | A.J. Holmes | Ben Platt | Cody Jamison Strand | Jared Gertner | Brian Sears |
Nabulungi | Mafala Hatimbi's daughter, who dreams of moving to Sal Tlay Ka Siti. | Nikki M. James | Nikki Renée Daniels | Samantha Marie Ware | Alexandra Ncube | Syesha Mercado | Candace Quarrels | Alexia Khadime | |
Elder McKinley | One of the lead Mormon elders and the Church's current District Leader in Uganda, he is sexually attracted to men but in denial of his feelings. This actor also plays Elder Green and Angel Moroni. | Rory O'Malley | Grey Henson | Grey Henson | Brian Beach | Pierce Cassedy | Daxton Bloomquist | Stephen Ashfield | |
Mafala Hatimbi | A member of the Ugandan tribe and Cunningham and Price's tour guide. Nabulungi's father. This actor also plays Johnnie Cochran. | Michael Potts | Daniel Breaker | Kevin Mambo | Stanley Wayne Mathis | James Vincent Meredith | Giles Terera | Richard Lloyd King | |
Mission President | The leader of the Mormon missionaries. This actor also plays Mission Training Center Voice, Price's Dad, Joseph Smith and Jesus Christ. The latter role is dubbed by Trey Parker in the prologues of Act I and Act II. | Lewis Cleale | Mike McGowan | Ron Bohmer | Christopher Shyer | Haydn Oakley | Hugo Harold-Harrison | ||
General Butt-Fucking Naked | The murderous despot of the village Price and Cunningham are sent to.
This actor also plays Lucifer. |
Brian Tyree Henry | Derrick Williams | Derrick Williams | Corey Jones | David Aron Damane | Chris Jarman |
Themes and references[edit]
The Book of Mormon contains many religious themes, most notably those of faith and doubt.[53] Although the musical satirizes organized religion and the literal credibility of the LDS Church, the Mormons in The Book of Mormon are portrayed as well-meaning and optimistic, if a little naïve and unworldly. In addition, the central theme that many religious stories are rigid, out of touch, and silly comes to the conclusion that, essentially, religion itself can do enormous good as long as it is taken metaphorically and not literally.[54] Matt Stone, one of the show's creators, described The Book of Mormon as "an atheist's love letter to religion."[55]
Critic Charles McNulty said "The songs, often inspired lampoons of contemporary Broadway styles, are as catchy as they are clever".[56] In the Broadway cast recording's liner notes, Frank Rich wrote that "The Book of Mormon scrupulously follows the old testament of Broadway circa 1945–1965, A.D., even while fondly spoofing it", as when the "Hello!" (the opening number) and "Turn It Off" evoke, respectively, "The Telephone Hour" in Bye Bye Birdie and "I'll Never Be Jealous Again" from The Pajama Game. Other songs, Rich writes, owe much to the parodies of Tom Lehrer.[57] The reprise of "Orlando" harkens back to "Maria" from West Side Story, while "You And Me (But Mostly Me)" uses very similar chord progressions to "The Wizard and I" and "Defying Gravity" from Wicked,[citation needed] and "Sal Tlay Ka Siti" is strongly reminiscent of Alan Menken's "I wish..." ballads like "Somewhere That's Green", "Santa Fe", "Part of Your World" and "Out There".[citation needed] "Hasa Diga Eebowai," meanwhile, starts as a gentle parody of The Lion King's "Hakuna Matata" and mentions the song before taking a radical turn.[citation needed] In a series of interview segments for Broadway.com, Casey Nicholaw describes the scene of the Africans performing the "Joseph Smith American Moses" pageant before the Mission President as a "total riff" of the Siamese performance of "Uncle Tom's Cabin" for the British envoy in The King and I.[citation needed] (Both Rich and Kristin Rawls see roots for "I Believe" in The Sound of Music—he in "Climb Ev'ry Mountain",[57] and she in "I Have Confidence".)[58]
The opening scenes of Act I and II parody the Hill Cumorah Pageant.[59]
The Book of Mormon received broad critical praise for the plot, score, actors' performances, direction and choreography.[60] Vogue Magazine called the show "the filthiest, most offensive, and—surprise—sweetest thing you'll see on Broadway this year, and quite possibly the funniest musical ever."[61] The New York Post reported that audience members were "sore from laughing so hard". It praised the score, calling it "tuneful and very funny," and added that "the show has heart. It makes fun of organized religion, but the two Mormons are real people, not caricatures."[62]
Ben Brantley of The New York Times compared the show favorably to Rodgers and Hammerstein's The King and I and The Sound of Music but "rather than dealing with tyrannical, charismatic men with way too many children, our heroes... must confront a one-eyed, genocidal warlord with an unprintable name... That's enough to test the faith of even the most optimistic gospel spreaders (not to mention songwriters). Yet in setting these dark elements to sunny melodies The Book of Mormon achieves something like a miracle. It both makes fun of and ardently embraces the all-American art form of the inspirational book musical. No Broadway show has so successfully had it both ways since Mel Brooks adapted his film The Producers for the stage a decade ago."[63] Jon Stewart, host of The Daily Show, devoted almost his entire interview with Parker and Stone on the March 10, 2011 episode to delivering heaps of praise about the musical.[64]
Charles McNulty of the Los Angeles Times praised the music, and stated: "The songs, often inspired lampoons of contemporary Broadway styles, are as catchy as they are clever." McNulty concluded by stating "Sure it's crass, but the show is not without good intentions and, in any case, vindicates itself with musical panache."[56] Peter Marks of the Washington Post wrote: "The marvel of The Book of Mormon is that even as it profanes some serious articles of faith, its spirit is anything but mean. The ardently devout and comedically challenged are sure to disagree. Anyone else should excitedly approach the altar of Parker, Stone and Lopez and expect to drink from a cup of some of the sweetest poison ever poured." Marks further describes the musical as "one of the most joyously acidic bundles Broadway has unwrapped in years."[65]
However, The Wall Street Journal's Terry Teachout called the show "slick and smutty: The Book of Mormon is the first musical to open on Broadway since La Cage aux Folles that has the smell of a send-in-the-tourists hit. ... The amateurish part relates mostly to the score, which is jointly credited to the three co-creators and is no better than what you might hear at a junior-varsity college show. The tunes are jingly-jangly, the lyrics embarrassingly ill-crafted."[66] Other critics have called the show "crassly commercial"[67] as well as "dull" and "derivative".[68] The show's depiction of Africans has been termed "racist".[69]
LDS Church response[edit]
The response of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints to the musical has been described as "measured".[70] The church released an official response to inquiries regarding the musical, stating, "The production may attempt to entertain audiences for an evening, but the Book of Mormon as a volume of scripture will change people's lives forever by bringing them closer to Christ."[71] Michael Otterson, the head of Public Affairs for the church, followed in April 2011 with measured criticism. "Of course, parody isn't reality, and it's the very distortion that makes it appealing and often funny. The danger is not when people laugh but when they take it seriously—if they leave a theater believing that Mormons really do live in some kind of a surreal world of self-deception and illusion", Otterson wrote, outlining various humanitarian efforts achieved by Mormon missionaries in Africa in recent years.[72][73]
Stone and Parker were unsurprised:[9]
The official church response was something along the lines of "The Book of Mormon the musical might entertain you for a night, but the Book of Mormon,"—the book as scripture—"will change your life through Jesus." Which we actually completely agree with. The Mormon church's response to this musical is almost like our Q.E.D. at the end of it. That's a cool, American response to a ribbing—a big musical that's done in their name. Before the church responded, a lot of people would ask us, "Are you afraid of what the church would say?" And Trey and I were like, "They're going to be cool." And they were like, "No, they're not. There are going to be protests." And we were like, "Nope, they're going to be cool." We weren't that surprised by the church's response. We had faith in them.
The LDS Church has advertised in the playbills at many of the musical's venues to encourage attendees to learn more about the Book of Mormon, with phrases like "the book is always better" and "you've seen the play, now read the book."[74]
Mormons themselves have had varying responses to the musical. Richard Bushman, professor of Mormon studies, said of the musical, "Mormons experience the show like looking at themselves in a fun-house mirror. The reflection is hilarious but not really you. The nose is yours but swollen out of proportion."[75] Bushman said that the musical was not meant to explain Mormon belief, and that many of the ideas in Elder Price's "I Believe" (like God living on a planet called Kolob), though having some roots in Mormon belief, are not doctrinally accurate.[75][76]
When asked in January 2015 if he had met Mormons who disliked the musical, Gad stated "in the 1.5 years I did that show, I never got a single complaint from a practicing Mormon ... To the contrary, I probably had a few people – a dozen – tell me they were so moved by the show that they took up the Mormon faith."[77] The Church highlighted one conversion story by the musical in its semi-official Deseret News.[78]
Awards and nominations[edit]
Broadway production[edit]
Year | Award | Category | Nominee | Result | Ref |
2011 | Tony Award | Best Musical | Won | [79] | |
Best Book of a Musical | Trey Parker, Robert Lopez and Matt Stone | Won | |||
Best Original Score | Won | ||||
Best Actor in a Musical | Josh Gad | Nominated | |||
Andrew Rannells | Nominated | ||||
Best Featured Actor in a Musical | Rory O'Malley | Nominated | |||
Best Featured Actress in a Musical | Nikki M. James | Won | |||
Best Direction of a Musical | Casey Nicholaw and Trey Parker | Won | |||
Best Choreography | Casey Nicholaw | Nominated | |||
Best Orchestrations | Larry Hochman and Stephen Oremus | Won | |||
Best Scenic Design | Scott Pask | Won | |||
Best Costume Design | Ann Roth | Nominated | |||
Best Lighting Design | Brian MacDevitt | Won | |||
Best Sound Design | Brian Ronan | Won | |||
Drama Desk Award | Outstanding Musical | Won | [80] | ||
Outstanding Lyrics | Trey Parker, Robert Lopez and Matt Stone | Won | |||
Outstanding Music | Won | ||||
Outstanding Book of a Musical | Nominated | ||||
Outstanding Actor in a Musical | Andrew Rannells | Nominated | |||
Outstanding Featured Actor in a Musical | Rory O'Malley | Nominated | |||
Outstanding Featured Actress in a Musical | Nikki M. James | Nominated | |||
Outstanding Choreography | Casey Nicholaw | Nominated | |||
Outstanding Director of a Musical | Casey Nicholaw and Trey Parker | Won | |||
Outstanding Costume Design | Ann Roth | Nominated | |||
Outstanding Sound Design of a Musical | Brian Ronan | Nominated | |||
Outstanding Orchestrations | Larry Hochman and Stephen Oremus | Won | |||
Outer Critics Circle Award | Outstanding New Broadway Musical | Won | [81] | ||
Outstanding New Score | Trey Parker, Robert Lopez and Matt Stone | Won | |||
Outstanding Director of a Musical | Casey Nicholaw and Trey Parker | Won | |||
Outstanding Choreographer | Casey Nicholaw | Nominated | |||
Outstanding Actor in a Musical | Josh Gad | Won | |||
Outstanding Actress in a Musical | Nikki M. James | Nominated | |||
2012 | Grammy Award | Best Musical Theater Album | Andrew Rannells & Josh Gad (principal soloists); Matt Stone, Robert Lopez & Trey Parker (composers/lyricists); Anne Garefino, Matt Stone, Robert Lopez, Scott Rudin, Stephen Oremus & Trey Parker (producers); Frank Filipetti (engineer/mixer) | Won | [82][83] |
London production[edit]
Year | Award | Category | Nominee | Result | Ref |
2013 | Evening Standard Award | Best Musical | Nominated | [84][85] | |
Best Night Out | Won | [86] | |||
2014 | Whatsonstage.com Awards | Best New Musical | Won | [87][88] | |
Best Actor in a Musical | Gavin Creel | Won | |||
Best Supporting Actor in a Musical | Stephen Ashfield | Won | |||
Best Supporting Actress in a Musical | Alexia Khadime | Won | |||
Best Choreographer | Casey Nicholaw | Nominated | |||
Laurence Olivier Award | Best New Musical | Won | [89] | ||
Best Actor in a Musical | Gavin Creel | Won | |||
Jared Gertner | Nominated | ||||
Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical | Stephen Ashfield | Won | |||
Best Theatre Choreographer | Casey Nicholaw | Won | |||
Outstanding Achievement in Music | Trey Parker, Robert Lopez & Matt Stone | Nominated |
See also[edit]
- ^ "'South Park' creators' musical comedy 'Book of Mormon' gets Broadway dates". Los Angeles Times. September 13, 2010. Retrieved February 6, 2011.
- ^ Michael Riedel, "Just 'Park' it here: Cartoon duo write Mormon musical", New York Post, April 14, 2010.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Galloway, Stephen (March 24, 2011). "Why South Park 's Trey Parker and Matt Stone Now Say It's 'Wrong' to Offend". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved May 19, 2011.
- ^ "Frank Rich's Liner Notes for The Book of Mormon", Playbill, May 20, 2011
- ^ Moore, John (June 12, 2011), "The Book of Mormon: Colorado's kings of pop-culture subversion", The Denver Post
- ^ a b c Zoglin, Richard. "Bigger, Live and Uncut", Time magazine, March 28, 2011, pp. 70–72
- ^ Itzkoff, Dave (April 14, 2010). "'South Park' and 'Avenue Q' Guys Bringing 'Book of Mormon' to Broadway". New York Times. Retrieved April 14, 2010.
- ^ a b c Jones, Kenneth (April 4, 2011), "Playbill 's brief encounter with Robert Lopez", Playbill
- ^ a b c "Book Of Mormon Creators On Their Broadway Smash". Fresh Air. NPR. May 19, 2011. Retrieved May 19, 2011.
- ^ Gardener, Elysa. "'South Park' duo goes Broadway: 'Mormon' is a 'pro-faith musical'". Stage. USA Today. February 21, 2011. Retrieved February 23, 2011.
- ^ Marx, Jeff. "the Creation of Avenue Q". Video. Youtube. Retrieved November 12, 2012.
- ^ "comingsoon".
- ^ Adams, Guy (November 19, 2008), "Mormons to get 'South Park' treatment", The Independent (London)
- ^ a b c d e f Healy, Patrick (May 13, 2011). "The Path of 'The Book of Mormon' to Broadway". The New York Times.
- ^ Andrew Gans, Musical by South Park-Avenue Q Creators Aiming for Broadway in 2011, Playbill, April 14, 2010
- ^ Stack, Peggy Fletcher (February 25, 2011). "'Book of Mormon' musical called surprisingly sweet". The Salt Lake Tribune.
- ^ "'The Book Of Mormon' to Open at Eugene O'Neill 3/24; Previews 2/24", broadwayworld.com, September 13, 2010
- ^ a b "'The Book Of Mormon' Cast Announced!", broadwayworld.com, November 17, 2010
- ^ Itzkoff, David (April 25, 2011). "Heavens! Fake Tickets Showing Up at 'Book of Mormon' on Broadway". The New York Times. Retrieved April 25, 2011.
- ^ Healy, Patrick (November 24, 2011). "Broadway Hits Make Most of Premium Pricing". The New York Times. Retrieved November 30, 2011.
- ^ Healy, Patrick (November 28, 2011). "Thanksgiving Week Broadway Box Office Stuffed with Good News". The New York Times. Retrieved November 30, 2011.
- ^ Healy, Patrick (November 29, 2011). "In Only Nine Months, 'Book of Mormon' Earns Back Its Broadway Costs". The New York Times. Retrieved November 30, 2011.
- ^ ""Two By Two": Josh Gad and Andrew Rannells Will Be Succeeded By Jared Gertner and Nic Rouleau in Book of Mormon". Playbill.com. Retrieved June 2, 2014.
- ^ Matt Doyle to Play Elder Price on Broadway in The Book of Mormon | Broadway Buzz | Broadway.com
- ^ Hetrick, Adam. "'The Book of Mormon' Will Launch National Tour Four Months Early" Playbill.com, September 2, 2012
- ^ Hetrick, Adam. "Hello! National Tour of 'The Book of Mormon', Starring Gavin Creel and Jared Gertner, Launches Aug. 14 in Denver" playbill.com, August 14, 2012
- ^ Hetrick, Adam. "'The Book of Mormon' Will Open Separate Chicago Company in 2012" Playbill.com, September 7, 2011
- ^ "Book of Mormon announces Chicago cast".[dead link]
- ^ Pitch Perfect's Ben Platt and Nic Rouleau to Star in The Book of Mormon in Chicago | Broadway Buzz | Broadway.com
- ^ Jones, Chris. "'Book of Mormon' announces Chicago cast - chicagotribune.com". Chicago Tribune.
- ^ Shenton, Mark. " 'The Book of Mormon' Plans West End Premiere; London Website Launched, Tickets to Go on Sale in September" playbill.com, June 7, 2012
- ^ Gavin Creel and Jared Gertner to Reprise National Tour Roles in West End's THE BOOK OF MORMON, Beginning Feb 2013
- ^ "James Corden & More Attend BOOK OF MORMON's Red Nose Gala Performance". broadwayworld.com. Broadway World. March 14, 2013. Retrieved December 24, 2013.
- ^ "The Book of Mormon". timeout.com. Time Out. Retrieved December 24, 2013.
- ^ "BOOK OF MORMON". london-theatreland.co.uk. London Theatreland. Retrieved December 24, 2013.
- ^ End, West (March 14, 2014). "The Book of Mormon voted Funniest West End Show". West End Frame. Retrieved June 2, 2014.
- ^ The Book Of Mormon & Shakespeare In Love Welcome New Casts, 2015 Theatre Gossip + More #WestEndUpdate. LondonTheatreDirect.com. Retrieved: January 15, 2015
- ^ Hetrick, Adam. "Chicago Engagement of The Book of Mormon to End This Fall; Additional Stops in L.A. and Denver Planned" Playbill.com, May 17, 2013
- ^ http://bookofmormonbroadway.com/tour
- ^ "The Book of Mormon". Internet Broadway Database. Retrieved June 14, 2011.
- ^ Woodwind Doubling in Musicals
- ^ "NPR Now Offering Free Listen to Entire Original Cast Recording of The Book of Mormon". Playbill. May 9, 2011. Retrieved May 19, 2011.
- ^ "The Book of Mormon — Original Cast Recording — CD | Sh-K-Boom & Ghostlight Records". Sh-k-boom.com. Retrieved May 19, 2011.
- ^ "The Book of Mormon Cast Album Will Get Digital Release May 17; In-Store to Follow in June". Playbill. Retrieved May 19, 2011.
- ^ "The Book of Mormon Cast Album Debuts on iTunes Top 10 Chart". Playbill. May 2, 2011. Retrieved May 19, 2011.
- ^ "Listen to the Hilarious and Ridiculously Catchy Book of Mormon". Rolling Stone. May 26, 2011. Retrieved May 28, 2011.
- ^ Keith Caulfield (June 15, 2011). "Adele Reclaims No. 1 on Billboard 200, Book of Mormon Makes History". Billboard. Retrieved June 15, 2011.
- ^ Kavner, Lucas (June 15, 2011). "'Book of Mormon' Cast Album Breaks Billboard Records". Huffington Post. Retrieved January 5, 2013.
- ^ "Broadway Cast"
- ^ "1st US Tour"
- ^ "2nd US Tour"
- ^ "West End Cast"
- ^ Peggy Fletcher Stack (March 17, 2011). "Mormons find musical Book of Mormon surprisingly sweet". The Salt Lake Tribune. Retrieved March 24, 2011.
- ^ David Brooks (April 21, 2011). "Creed or Chaos". The New York Times. Retrieved May 23, 2011.
- ^ "Literature that moves beyond stereotypes of the latter day saints". Boston.com, March 20, 2011
- ^ a b McNulty, Charles."Theater review: The Book of Mormon at the Eugene O'Neill Theatre" Los Angeles Times, March 24, 2011
- ^ a b Hetrick, Adam (May 20, 2011). "Frank Rich's Liner Notes for The Book of Mormon". Playbill. Retrieved July 1, 2012.
- ^ Rawls, Kristin.The Mormons Take Manhattan: The Book of Mormon soundtrack on God, Broadway and Africa" globalcomment.com, June 2, 2011
- ^ Applebome, Peter (July 13, 2011). "A Mormon Spectacle, Way Off Broadway". The New York Times. Retrieved January 23, 2012.
- ^ "Broadway Review Roundup: THE BOOK OF MORMON". BroadwayWorld.com. March 25, 2011. Retrieved March 27, 2011.
- ^ Green, Adam. "Get Cheeky". Vogue.
- ^ Rediel, Michael. "Sure to offend and succeed". The New York Post, September 3, 2010.
- ^ Ben Brantley (March 24, 2011). "Missionary Men With Confidence in Sunshine". New York Times. Retrieved March 24, 2011.
- ^ Mandi Bierly (March 11, 2011). "Jon Stewart is somewhere probably STILL raving about The Book of Mormon". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved March 24, 2011.
- ^ Marks, Peter (March 24, 2011). "Review of Broadway's 'The Book of Mormon'". Washington Post.
- ^ Teachout, Terry (March 25, 2011). "Everybody but Muhammad". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved March 27, 2011.
- ^ "The Book of Mormon". Chicago Critic. December 20, 2012. Retrieved June 2, 2014.
- ^ http://www.sltrib.com (May 17, 2011). "Utah Local News – Salt Lake City News, Sports, Archive – The Salt Lake Tribune". Sltrib.com. Retrieved June 2, 2014.
- ^ Lahr, John. "Trey Parker, Matt Stone, and "The Book of Mormon"". The New Yorker. Retrieved June 2, 2014.
- ^ Sean P. Means, "Testing Mormons' tolerance for mockery", Salt Lake Tribune, February 22, 2011.
- ^ "Church Statement Regarding The Book of Mormon Musical". LDS Church. February 7, 2011. Retrieved February 6, 2011.
- ^ Taylor, Scott (April 15, 2011). "Mormon PR leader: "Why I won't be seeing the Book of Mormon musical"". Deseret News.
- ^ Otterson, Michael (April 14, 2011). "Why I won't be seeing the Book of Mormon musical". The Washington Post.
- ^ Lee, Jordan (September 18, 2012). "LDS Church advertises with 'The Book of Mormon' musical". The Universe. Retrieved September 21, 2012.
- ^ a b "Richard Bushman: 'The Book of Mormon' is like looking into a fun-house mirror; the reflection is hilarious but not really you". CNN. June 27, 2011.[dead link]
- ^ Jay Kernis (August 23, 2012). "True or False?: How accurate is "The Book of Mormon" song "I Believe"". nbcnews.com. (Interview with religious scholar Matthew Bowman)
- ^ Gad, Josh (January 6, 2015). "Josh Gad here. AMA.". Reddit. Retrieved January 7, 2015.[unreliable source?]
- ^ From 'Book of Mormon' musical to Mormon convert
- ^ "Who's Nominated? – All Categories". tonyawards.com. May 3, 2011. Retrieved May 3, 2011.
- ^ Jones, Kenneth. "Drama Desk Awards Go to Book of Mormon, Normal Heart, War Horse, Sutton Foster, Norbert Leo Butz", playbill.com, May 23, 2011.
- ^ "WAR HORSE, MORMON, THE KID, Benanti, Gad Among 2011 Outer Critics Circle Winners!" broadwayworld.com, May 16, 2011
- ^ BWW News Desk (February 12, 2012). "The 2012 Grammy for Best Musical Theater Album Goes to THE BOOK OF MORMON!". BroadwayWorld.com. Retrieved February 12, 2012.
- ^ "Best Musical Theater Album". grammy.com. December 2, 2011. Retrieved Dec 2, 2011.
- ^ "National directors past, present and future vie for Evening Standard award". theguardian.com. The Guardian. November 8, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
- ^ "London Evening Standard Theatre Awards 2013: how we chose the winners". standard.co.uk. London Evening Standard Award. December 30, 2013. Retrieved December 30, 2013.
- ^ "Evening Standard Theatre Awards 2013: Book of Mormon voted Best Night Out in London". standard.co.uk. London Evening Standard. November 12, 2013. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
- ^ "The full 2014 WhatsOnStage Awards shortlists". whatsonstage.com. Whats On Stage. January 10, 2014. Retrieved December 6, 2013.
- ^ Singh, Anita (February 23, 2014). "Daniel Radcliffe and Rupert Grint win at WhatsOnStage Awards". telegraph.co.uk (London: The Telegraph). Retrieved February 23, 2014.
- ^ "Olivier awards 2014 the full nominations". theguardian.com. The Guardian. March 10, 2014. Retrieved March 10, 2014.
Further reading[edit]
- The Book of Mormon: the Testament of a Broadway Musical Book, Music, and Lyrics by Trey Parker, Robert Lopez, & Matt Stone. Text, New Interviews, and Annotations by Steven Suskin. Principal photography by Joan Marcus. Design by BLT Communications. NY: HarperCollins, ISBN 978 0 06 223494 0.
- The Book of Mormon: The Complete Book and Lyrics of the Broadway Musical . Newmarket Press, 2011 ISBN 9781557049933.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to The Book of Mormon (musical). |
- Official North American website
- Official West End website
- The Book of Mormon at the Internet Broadway Database
- "The Book of Mormon" at Playbill Vault
- "The Book of Mormon Musical Tour Update"
- "Trey Parker & Matt Stone Talk Book Of Mormon on The Daily Show", Huffington Post, March 11, 2011
- Charlie Rose – "Trey Parker & Matt Stone"
- Cast Recording for The Book of Mormon from NPR's First Listen


text:
COLUMBIA — Some women are born to be grandmothers. They can't wait for their children to have babies so they can bundle them up, take them home and start all over again.
They never have an empty nest. As fast as one child is walking out the door another one is being brought in. Diapers are never discarded; they are merely folded away in wait for the next bottom to cover.
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Nothing is more distressing than watching grandparents trying to cope with new realities. A new neighbor taking in her daughter's four children after the daughter has been arrested for drug possession is definitely a sight for sore eyes. Learning to be a grandmother in the 21st century is quite a challenge.
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It will only be when the public decides to really get involved will we see the end to many of our social dilemmas. Every household needs to be accountable and commit itself to taking a stand to help rid this country of dangerous drugs. They are ruining the lives of generations of children and an end needs to be put to this scourge.
Ultimately, some of us are going to have to take the initiative to put responsibility in the same space as freedom when it comes to good citizenship. We're going to have to get serious about education. We have to stop playing around with educational theories and get back to teaching children how to become responsible adults.
We're going to have to get serious about demanding that our politicians become more responsible in handling our government. As the world becomes more dangerous we have to become more sober and more resolved to looking for solutions to problems.
If women are going to be good grandmothers they need to get tough about being good mothers. One way to do that is to deal with our social problems. Let's try to make a better world.
You can join the conversation with Rose M. Nolen by calling her at 882-5734 or emailing her at email@example.com.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The browser contains 10 records per page. Use the pager at the bottom of the table to navigate to additional pages
For more information about each record click the Title link in the table below
Alternatively all "blue" words below are links to records which have been so tagged
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Wachonge | East African |
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Mauunda Waliala (Performer) |
1952-00-00 | Bowl | Bukusu | Busuku | East African | ILAM | Indigenous music | Kenya | Litungu lyre | Mauunda Waliala | Mombasa | Tribal Song |


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That would be kind of a cool movie....hmm...that is something to consider but make it more mature than the cartoon version.
Just think about this. The CG of Final Fantasy Advent Children being used to make a Dragon Ball Z movie. Wouldn't that be awesome? What do you think?
That would be kind of a cool movie....hmm...that is something to consider but make it more mature than the cartoon version.
Wow really..... I'm not into the DBZ series anymore. But if the characters look as good as those of Advent children that would be great. ^_^
Oh wait..... is this just a theory. 0_0 awww... I thought it was actually in the making, lol.
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if that happens
I wouldn't like it because it wouldn't compliment Akira Toriyama's art.


text:
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Leaving for Germany
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text:
Andrew Phillips
January 2009
This paper presents an abstract machine for the stochastic bioambient calculus. The abstract machine is proved sound and complete with respect to a novel stochastic semantics, and is also shown to preserve the reduction probabilities of the calculus. The machine is implemented as an extension to an existing simulator for stochastic pi-calculus.
Publication type | Article |
Published in | Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science |
URL | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.entcs.2008.12.109 |
Pages | 143-159 |
Volume | 227 |
Publisher | Elsevier Copyright © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |


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Mountain Kentucky
Prisoners Refuse Meals At Federal Prison in Ashland
Inmates at a federal prison in northeastern Kentucky have refused two meals but officials say they aren't sure why. The inmates at the Federal Correctional Institution-Ashland in Summit turned away lunch and evening meals on Wednesday. The warden's executive assistant, David Brewer, told The Ashland Independent newspaper the prison is operating on a status just below lockdown, with inmates confined to their cells at all times other than for meals.
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text:
Shrine Of Life paroles
Paroles de la chanson Shrine Of Life :
Chapter 3 - Reborn Through Death)
Marching corpse to rise, I must fulfill my new destiny, crawlwalking =
from my suicide.
As I penetrate the exit of my home, my mother had a nervous =
breakdown and fell into a coma.
Outside my domain, I discover, that my dreaming abilities were my =
undead powers.
Casting a spell of no return, at the forgotten Isle, where lies the =
forbidden shrine.
Out of my tornado field near the sacred shrine, I climb the steps of =
Each step inflicts me terrible pain, decomposition of my soul as my =
innard organs rot away.
Flesh falling part by part, dematerialization.
In front of the pedestal, I open the golden book and some of my =
fingers fall off.
A bright radiance illuminated from the book, this gleam dissolves my =
The pus flows on my cheeks, at this moment a voice says...
=B3What are thine purpose?=B2, as I answer one of my arms breaks into =
=B3I am here...I want to repent myself, from my will of death=B2
=B3Art thou sure?=B2....YES!, then read aloud what is written.
I can=B9t, my eyes...I must concentrate...I see the chant of life, the =
mantra to reborn
Now I can hear thousands of lamenting damians around the sacred =
Waiting for my soul to fall, my body cracks in two.
I keep my faith =8Ctill the end of the beginning.
As my torso of vomiting worms dies.
My brain explodes...my body is thrown in...
I=B9m alive...free to REBORN
Date: Aujourd'hui
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text: Reduce Livestock Odors with Biofiltration Biofilters can reduce odor and hydrogen sulfide emissions by as much as 95% and ammonia by 65%. Published on: Feb 2, 2006 Tweet Post to Your Wall. Email Story RSS Permalink Print Biofiltration can reduce odor and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) emissions by as much as 95% and ammonia by 65%, according to South Dakota State University Extension Farm Safety and Machinery Specialist Dick Nicolai. Nicolai says a biofilter is simply a layer of organic material, typically a mixture of compost and wood chips, that supports a population of microbes. Odorous air is forced through this material and is converted by the microbes to carbon dioxide and water. A new publication from South Dakota State University Cooperative Extension tells how biofilters can reduce odor from livestock and poultry facilities. Fact sheet 925-C, "Biofilters," is available online at: http://agbiopubs.sdstate.edu/articles/FS925-C.pdf. The eight-page publication provides tips on biofilter design, configuration, sizing, fan selection, moisture control, temperature, design considerations on naturally ventilated buildings, and construction. It also discusses costs, maintenance, and health and safety concerns.


text:
Top Definition
An affectionate nickname for South Dakota, most often used by former residents of the state.
I'm heading to SoDak for the weekend to visit some friends.
2007년 02월 28일 (수)
2 more definitions
A state in the United States of America, also known as South Dakota.
Kory is from So Dak, a state in the midwest.
ZoeAnne가 작성
2006년 10월 02일 (월)
To be enlightened in the state of South Dakota. Also the most dangerous gang in the Dakota territory.
He doesn't whack off anymore because he is sodak.
A man was killed yesterday in a sodak attack.
A man was killed yesterday in a sodak attack.
johnny throwdown가 작성
2004년 04월 01일 (목)


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Hi everyone I am flying to New York with Virgin for my 50th in early April.My wife prefers to have the two seats at the back so she can wander around more,i would have prefered closer to the wing,so my problem is, can you get good acceptable wing shots from so far back.The last time i flew on a 747,we were in these seats,but i cannot remember much about the view, and it was years before Anet. Should i even bother taking my camera. cheers Andy
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13 | VSS Writer for DominoDag Kvello221 - 11 2009 (4) I think this is long overdue now. Please IBM, give us VSS for Domino ? I'm so tired of always having to create Freeze/Thaw scripts stop/start the Domino-service before a backup. Pretty much every serious application on Windows supports it (DB2, Oracle, SQL, Exchange, etc....) and has done so the last ... |
7 | "Timeline" or "Time Machine" like read-interface to the journalMike Woolsey4858 - 10 2011 (0) A clean user interface to the journal's data for a given database would be very useful for on-the-spot data recovery. I've still got users who can't distinguish between "delete" and "remove". |
6 | Allow a more useful Backup System for Lotus Quickr services for Websphere portalAlberto Ernestini852 - 15 2009 (1) |
6 | Same time chat - session restoringSUMA SHASTRY645 - 27 2009 (2) Currently in same time, when clicked on "show chat history" the saved transcripts are sorted by users. It would be useful if the transcripts are sorted by date and time. By implementing this idea, session restoring facility can be given in ST. Many a times I have ... |
5 | Archive tool for Incremental Place BackupsMauricio Borges581 - 06 2011 (1) Archive command does not archive a place that already exists in the archive directory. Woulb be nice we have an argument to replace Place directory if already exist. Or another way to create incrementall archive backups. Idea is create a Program Document set to take Weekly Backups for all Places ... |


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Crafts and Movies at the Library | |
Event Type: Children Age Group(s): Children Date: 3/28/2014 Start Time: 1:00 PM End Time: 4:00 PM Description: Half days at school mean fun at the library. Make a variety of crafts and watch a movie.
Library: Raymond Timberland Library Map to the Raymond Library Contact Number: 942-2408 |


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Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) Conventional and Alternative Treatments SAD
is, indeed, quite easily treated once it's recognized. The medical
community has three ways it typically manages this variety of depression. The first way is through antidepressant medications or other psychiatric
medications. This is usually
the treatment of choice if your symptoms are severe. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved the
extended release tablets Wellbutrin XL – bupropion specifically for
individuals affected with SAD. Your health care practitioner may prescribe
you other antidepressant drugs, though.
antidepressants your health care practitioner may prescribe for this type of
depressive episode include paroxetine (sold as Paxil), sertraline (sold as
Zoloft), fluoxetine (sold under the name brands of Prozac and Sarafem) as
well as venlafaxine (sold as Effexor). Depending
on your individual symptoms, your health care physician may begin treatment
even before
your symptoms actually surface at the beginning of the season. He may also
recommend that you continue to take this medication once your seasonal
symptoms end. The theory to
this type of treatment is to prevent a worsening of the symptoms the
following year. Once
you begin your treatment begins – regardless of the type of antidepressant
you're taking -- the medications may take a minimum of several weeks to
provide you with the full benefits. Similarly,
don't be disappointed if the first medication doesn't work as well as
your health care physician initially thought.
It may be that you'll have to try several antidepressants before
you and your health care physician hit upon the one that works for you. Before
you agree to take any of these antidepressant medications, though, be sure
you are fully aware of the adverse side effects of these drugs.
For many people, these side effects are even worse than experiencing
the depression itself. In fact,
many antidepressants now carry the strongest of FDA warnings: the black box
warning. Some teenagers and
young adults are at higher risk of committing suicide when taking these
medications. If
you're not quite sure that strong prescription antidepressants are the
correct route for you, there are two other conventional treatments. The first is psychotherapy. SAD is indeed a disorder that is
related to the biochemical processes of your body, your mood and your
behavior are also nonetheless contributing factors to the severity of your
symptoms. Undergoing
psychotherapy may help you identify and ultimately alter your negative
thoughts and behaviors. While
these aren't the primary causes of your depression, managing these aspects
of your problem may provide you additional relief. Seasonal
Affective Disorder (SAD): Alternative Treatments If the lack of exposure to
sunlight can cause you to be depressed, then providing simulated sunlight
should help alleviate the depression. It
certainly seems logical. And,
in fact, it's not only logical, but effective. If you suffer from SAD, you
may want to ask your health care practitioner about light therapy.
Many in the health care field consider light therapy the first line
of defense in the treatment of seasonal affective disorder. This form of therapy hasn't
been approved by the Food and Drug Administration. The organization has not seen enough definitive evidence on
its effectiveness in clinical trials. When you undergo this type of
treatment, you'll sit in front of a 10,000 lux light box containing
plastic-covered white fluorescent light tubes.
The plastic screen blocks any exposure to ultraviolet rays.
When this therapy was originally devised, it was thought that only
full-spectrum lighting would alleviate the symptoms of SAD.
Full spectrum lighting mimics sunlight, providing for every spectrum
of the sun's rays. In the
25-some years that light therapy has been used, it's been shown that full
spectrum is not necessary. Most experts in the field of
light therapy recommend about 90 minutes of exposure daily, for optimum
results. This therapy normally
continues until the end of winter. Most people who use this method say that
they can feel its beneficial effects in as little as two to four days. In
others, it takes up to several weeks. Discontinue
using light therapy if, after a month to six weeks, you discover no
improvement in your symptoms. Light therapy is especially
recommended for those people who are searching for an alternative to the use
of antidepressants. For more information on this therapy, as well as some
sources of light therapy boxes go to http://www.clevelandclinic.org/health/health-info/ If you prefer an herbal
supplement, you may want to make St. John's Wort one of your first
choices. Its ability to lift a depressed mood is legendary among herbalists.
According to the research performed on this plant, it works by stimulating
the neurotransmitters involved in creating the depression in the first
place. It is especially
effective at boosting serotonin levels in the brain, which greatly
influences your emotions. St. John's Wort is used
widely in Germany which has a rich history of herbal use.
St. John's Wort is so trusted, in fact, that approximately 30
million prescriptions are written for it as a natural antidepressant yearly.
If you plan to use this herb, it's best that you consult with your local
professional herbalist to discover the proper serving for your individual
symptoms. Also keep in mind you
should also consult with your personal health care practitioner before you
start using St. John's Wort not only to obtain his advice, but also to
ensure that this herb won't interfere with any medications you're
currently taking. Seasonal
Affective Disorder (SAD): Developing coping skills While there are
antidepressants, psychotherapy, light therapy and herbal remedies that can
help alleviate the symptoms of SAD, you can also be an active part of your
treatment by taking additional action. Listed below are a just a few ways
you can help to lessen the severity of the depression.
You've heard it before; exercise is a great cure for depression.
And it really doesn't matter what the cause of the depression is.
Exercise helps relieve both stress and anxiety – both of which can
actually increase your SAD symptoms. But
there are added benefits as well. Getting
fit or maintaining your health level of fitness can contribute to your sense
of self esteem. This can do
wonders to improve your mood. Learn
how to manage your stress. If you haven't learned how to manage the
stresses of your life, they certainly can soon become overwhelming and cause
depression. Many people turn to food or switch their brains to unhealthy
thoughts and negative behaviors in a misdirected attempt to cope with their
stress. It doesn't work. Get
out more with friends. This
suggestion may not sound like what you really feel like doing when you're
depressed, but it does help. Don't isolate yourself from the company of
people who you like. Not only will getting out of the house and doing
something fun help take your mind off your troubles, but it'll provide you
some additional moral support. Open
your window blinds. Let the
sun shine in! Sure, that's
not that much of it in the winter, but make sure you maximize your exposure
while you can. Open the blinds
on sunny days. If you can, add skylights to your house.
If you house is shaded by trees, trim some of the branches to allow
more light to enter. Enjoy
the outdoors. Even in the
wintertime, there are times when you can go outside and enjoy the day. You'll especially want to take a walk on a sunny winter
day. If it's not too cold,
try eating your lunch in the park. Or just spend some quiet time outside
basking in the sun. Care
for yourself. This may seem obvious, but it needs to be said.
Don't let the depression overwhelm you.
In spite of your feelings, continue to take care of yourself.
Make sure you get enough rest, eat healthy and take some time out for
yourself – just to relax. In
fact, this is the best time to pamper yourself.
Have you ever experienced the soothing effects of a massage?
You'd be amazed how it can improve your mood – and relieve stress
at the same time! Try to avoid alcohol during this time – it'll just
make you more depressed. Take
a winter vacation. If you can afford the cost and the time, take a trip!
If you've been plagued by SAD previously, then you might want to
consider planning your vacation in the winter.
Pick a nice, warm, sunny climate.
There's an added bonus to this:
winter rates – from airline tickets to hotel rooms – are usually
much less expensive. Follow your treatments. Whatever your health care practitioner directs, keep on doing it. If you're taking prescription medications, continue to take them. If you're taking some form of psychotherapy, be sure to keep all your scheduled appointments.
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Desktops and Notebooks: Apple MacBook Air Teardown: iFixit Goes Where Apple Prefers You Don`t
Repair site iFixit took apart the new Apple MacBook Air and discovered, unsurprisingly, that Apple would really rather you didn't. The notoriously secretive company used a proprietary screw on the outside of the machine, which iFixit eventually got around by filing several flathead screwdrivers. From there, just about everything but the Air's notable SSD (solid-state drive) was soldered down. That included the RAM, which prevents the notebook from being upgradeable. Also notable on the Air, even before the team pried off its back, is the inclusion of a USB drive for software reinstallation (as the Air doesn't have an optical drive), the power button's relocation to the keyboard and the shrinking of the power adapter. Less obvious without a Torx screwdriver: the SSD is completely custom, "putting another nail in the coffin for user-serviceability, reported iFixit, which awarded Apple a low 4 out of 10 for "repairability. Take a look at what iFixit found in the MacBook Air, which was introduced Oct. 20. (Images 1, 4 and 5 are courtesy of Apple.)


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1st & Goal: Midwest ExpansionList Price: $14.95
Please Login to use shopping lists. |
To play 1st & Goal: Midwest Expansion, you must have:
Product Description
This expansion contains 28 dice which make up 4 custom teams. Includes the following teams! Knoxville Knights, Louisville Locusts, Milwaukee Monsters, Springfield Spartans.
Product Information
R&R Games Year: 2012
Players: 2 - 4
Ages: 8 and up
Est. time to learn: 5-10 minutes
Weight: 245 grams
Language Requirements: This is a domestic item. Manufacturer's rules are printed in English. Game components are printed in English.
Other Resources for 1st & Goal: Midwest Expansion:
Board Game Geek is an incredible compilation of information about board and card games with many descriptions, photographs, reviews, session reports, and other commentary.


text:
Statistical Concepts for Criminal Justice and Criminology
by Williams, III, Frank P.9780135130469
Questions About This Book?
- The New copy of this book will include any supplemental materials advertised. Please check the title of the book to determine if it should include any CDs, lab manuals, study guides, etc.
- The Rental copy of this book is not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. You may receive a brand new copy, but typically, only the book itself.
- The eBook copy of this book is not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. Typically only the book itself is included.
Author Biography
Frank P. Williams III has been in the criminal justice academic field since 1976 (Ph.D., Criminology, Florida State University). He is currently a Professor in the Department of Criminal Justice, University of Houston-Downtown and is also Professor Emeritus at the California State University, San Bernardino. He has taught at doctoral, masters and undergraduate levels and held positions as department chair, research director, and program coordinator. His academic credentials include numerous publications and research projects, editor or deputy/associate editor for several journals and publishers' book and monograph series and office/service on boards of several scholarly organizations. Most recent publications include Imagining Criminology, an encyclopedia, and journal articles or book chapters on drug use, gangs, processing of females in the criminal justice system, and parolee recidivism, most of which are coauthored with Marilyn D. McShane. His more than 30 years of experience in teaching statistics spans the range from introductory undergraduate to advanced doctoral level.
Table of Contents
Foundations of Statistics | |
Introduction to Statistics | |
Levels of Measurement | |
Describing Single Variables | |
Describing Variables: Graphical Statistics | |
Describing Variables: Measures of Central Tendency | |
Describing Variables: Measures of Dispersion | |
Describing Variables: Curves and Distributions | |
Describing Variables: Frequency Distributions | |
Testing for Bivariate Relationships | |
Elementary Relationships: Crosstabulation Tables | |
Hypotheses and Sampling Distributions | |
Statistical Significance | |
Testing for Significance: The Chi-Square Test | |
Testing for Significance in Two Groups: The T-Test | |
Testing for Significance in Multiple Groups: The Analysis of Variance | |
Determining the Strength of Relationships | |
The Concept of Association | |
Testing for Association: Phi | |
Testing for Association: Pearsonrsquo;s R and Regression | |
Doing Real Research: Elementary Multivariate Relationships | |
Box Plots | |
Determining normality: Skewness and Kurtosis | |
Ordinal Level Tests of Significance: The Mann-Whitney U-Test and the Kruskal-Wallis Analysis of Variance | |
Choosing a Multiple Comparison Test | |
Nominal Level Tests of Association: Lambda and the Uncertainty Coefficient | |
Ordinal Level Tests of Association: Gamma and Somerrsquo;s D | |
Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved. |


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HOLYOKE – The Trustees of Reservations has taken steps so that the arboreal-embracer (nice way of saying "tree-hugger") in a family can enjoy that special "Yes!" feeling on Christmas morning.
The statewide land trust offers a Green Gift Membership for those who love the outdoors and visiting scenic and historic areas.
"Over the last decade 'green' gift giving has become increasingly popular among people looking for meaningful, thoughtful gifts that also give back to our environment and our communities," Trustees spokeswoman Kristi Perry said.
Founded in 1891, the nonprofit Trustees is supported by donations from members, endowments and others.
The Trustees owns and cares for 106 areas in 73 cities and towns, including a dozen in this area.
The organization employs 150 full-time, 49 regular part-time and 400 seasonal staff, Perry said.
Gift memberships provide free or discounted access to all the reservations and discounts at bed-and-breakfasts, workshops, summer camps, lectures and other events, she said.
The 224-page Trustees Property Guide is available as part of the membership.
A gift membership also includes a year's subscription to the Trustees quarterly magazine Special Places.
Gift memberships are $47 for individuals, $37 for students and senior citizens and $67 for families.
For $125 or more, a gift membership will include the Trustees outdoor adventure kit: a backpack, binoculars, multitool, flashlight, whistle and compass.
For information, call (978) 921-1944 or visit thetrustees.org
Green Gift Membership available for Christmas from Trustees of Reservations in Holyoke
Mike Plaisance | email@example.com
Email the author | Follow on Twitter
on November 24, 2011 at 11:00 AM
Email the author | Follow on Twitter
on November 24, 2011 at 11:00 AM


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Doubting the existence of God?
2012/06/17 04:33:17
The Pew Research Center (a very conservative group) reported that among those 30 and under when asked 68% of those surveyed said they never doubted the existence of God.Back in 2007 83% of those in the same age range said they never doubted God's existence.Thats a difference of 15%.Part of the problem could be that with such a diversity of religious views in America today its politically incorrect to mention God especially in schools.Another problem maybe is that we are seeing a generation that never attends church.
Sort By
- burningsnowman 2012/06/17 12:09:06First off, Pew isn't "very conservative" by a long shot even with the broad and vague definition of the term in the US. It obviously slants left when it comes to describing social conservative viewpoints and framing questions in my experience. And there is no problem with people doubting God's existence, although I would have to ask what sort of God you are even talking about.
- HarleyCharley 2012/06/17 09:11:55
- blissful 2012/06/17 07:28:49Well I think that there are some, but not as much as a decade ago. I believe it's because of some political views and the problem with young parents.. [ages ranging from 15-24]
- dvd 2012/06/17 05:22:37
- BubblyBlonde 2012/06/17 04:36:46
See Votes by State
2015/04/19 19:11:56
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Marc Bridle Webmaster: Len Mullenger |
Seen and Heard International
Concert Review
Variations for Orchestra, op. 31 Ravel:
Sheherazade Strauss:
Ein Heldenleben, op. 40 "I've been coming
here for 20 years and I've never experienced anything like this
before," harrumphed a number of concert-goers on Monday
evening in Frankfurt's not-so-venerable concert hall, the Alte
Oper. No, they weren't complaining about the performance
of Sir Simon Rattle and the Berlin Philharmonic or the skimpy
belly-dancer costume of Sir Simon's wife, Magdalena Kozena.
What was irking the city's well-heeled bankers and their wives
was that the start of the concert was delayed for technical
reasons -- by almost an hour. (The Alte Oper, rather surprisingly,
had not been expecting the concert to sell out and had decided
to use an extra partitioning wall to reduce the size of the
hall. But the demand for tickets at the evening box office was
so great that the wall had to be taken out again and there was
a technical hiccup during its removal.)
Simon Morgan .
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text:
Review Round Up: No Love Lost
What a week for Kotaku reviews! There were nine of them—ten if you count Owen Good's impromptu review of the KFC Double Down "sandwich." Read on for our scoreless reviews of Nier, Alan Wake and much, much more.
What a week for Kotaku reviews! There were nine of them—ten if you count Owen Good's impromptu review of the KFC Double Down "sandwich." Read on for our scoreless reviews of Nier, Alan Wake and much, much more. » 5/07/10 8:00pm 5/07/10 8:00pm
This week, Kotaku's reviews took the fight to the streets and to the skies. They fought battles in the Old West and feudal Japan. And they involved one unsightly beanbag, nearly capable of launching a kitty cat into the stratosphere. » 4/30/10 8:00pm 4/30/10 8:00pm
I believe it was the poet Bell Biv DeVoe who said "Never trust a big butt and a smile." But one thing you can trust? Kotaku reviews. So let's review what video games, movies and hardware we reviewed this week. » 4/16/10 9:00pm 4/16/10 9:00pm
This week's batch of reviews proves that no site covers games prominently featuring women named Kasumi like Kotaku. Which Kasumi-starring experience, Mass Effect 2: Kasumi - Stolen Memory or Dead or Alive Paradise, did we dislike less? Find out! » 4/09/10 8:00pm 4/09/10 8:00pm
It was a week full of reasonably and unreasonably priced downloads, upscaled Wii games, and one game that was about making your own games. It was a week in Kotaku reviews that we'd like to get caught up on. » 4/02/10 9:00pm 4/02/10 9:00pm
It was a week in which new Wii games were reviewed and old Nintendo 64 games were reviewed, as well as one that could've have passed for a Super NES game. It was a week's worth of Kotaku reviews. » 3/26/10 10:00pm 3/26/10 10:00pm
With the use of some red ink and some blue ink, we reviewed some video games this week. Links to the results are below. How'd we do? » 3/19/10 6:00pm 3/19/10 6:00pm
What freaks out an old-school gamer more, a Sonic kart-racer or a Mega Man with an easy mode? We have reviews of those games and more, plus two unoriginal movies, all subjected to our subjective blue-and-red judgments this week. » 3/05/10 8:00pm 3/05/10 8:00pm
Stop your grinnin' and drop your linen, because this week's batch of original Kotaku reviews is in the pipe, five by five. I'm not sure what that's supposed to mean, but hey, we reviewed Aliens Vs. Predator this week. » 2/19/10 8:00pm 2/19/10 8:00pm
You would have thought it was Christmas or something. We sure did review a lot of big games this week. We said they were mostly good, but you didn't all believe us. » 2/12/10 4:00pm 2/12/10 4:00pm
Some reviews we ran this week made people angry. Well, honestly, some of the reviews made us angry too. » 2/05/10 5:00pm 2/05/10 5:00pm
We got together this week and reviewed a bunch of games for you. And one computer. One large computer. » 1/29/10 5:00pm 1/29/10 5:00pm
All the games we reviewed in the past week were not called Dark Void. Just two of them. » 1/22/10 5:00pm 1/22/10 5:00pm
It's 2010 and we are still reviewing games, still refusing to put scores on them, still loving, still hating. Here's your weekly index of new Kotaku reviews. » 1/08/10 4:00pm 1/08/10 4:00pm
We reviewed a fight stick and a flight stick this week, plus the latest in some beloved franchises. Other stuff too. Check out our weekly round-up of everything we reviewed. » 12/18/09 8:00pm 12/18/09 8:00pm
Another week gone by, another round-up of Kotaku reviews with no Demon's Souls review, am I right? Here's what else we reviewed. » 12/11/09 9:20pm 12/11/09 9:20pm
We reviewed stuff this week, including stuffs that were not released recently. Know what that means? It's December and we're doing catch-up reviews of games we missed in 2009. (I bet I know what half of the comments will say.) » 12/04/09 5:20pm 12/04/09 5:20pm
Fans of headphones and spin-offs and Excitebike were hopefully also fans of Kotaku reviews this week. Check out what we reviewed in the past seven days. » 11/27/09 5:00pm 11/27/09 5:00pm
We reviewed a bunch of games this week on Kotaku and dare I note that the sequels had a better batting average than the originals? » 11/20/09 5:00pm 11/20/09 5:00pm
Kotaku reviewed piles of games and peripherals this week, and not all of them have to do with Modern Warfare 1 or 2. » 11/13/09 5:00pm 11/13/09 5:00pm