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US 4842990 A Resumen A presensitized printing plate suitable for waterless planographic printing is disclosed which comprises a layer support, a radiation-sensitive layer containing
(a) a compound possessing at least one C--O--C bond, which can be split by acid
(b) a compound forming a strong acid upon irradiation, and
(c) a water-insoluble binder, an outer, ink-repellent, crosslinked silicone elastomer layer, and an intermediate layer comprising amorphous silicic acid by which the adhesion of the silicone elastomer layer to the radiation-sensitive layer is improved. The photosensitivity of this printing plate is considerably improved, as compared to known negative-working printing plates that can be used for waterless offset printing. The processes of making and using the presensitized printing plate are also disclosed.
Reclamaciones(20) 1. A presensitized printing plate for waterless planographic printing comprising:
1. a support; 2. a radiation-sensitive layer on the support comprising (a) a compound possessing at least one C--O--C bond, which can be split by acid, (b) a compound forming a strong acid upon irradiation, and (c) a water-insoluble binder; 3. an ink-repellent silicone layer; and 4. an amorphous silicic acid layer between the radiation-sensitive layer and the silicone layer. 2. A printing plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the intermediate layer is produced by applying and drying an aqueous silicic acid sol.
3. A printing plate as claimed in claim 2, wherein the silicic acid sol contains a water-soluble surfactant.
4. A printing plate as claimed in claim 3, wherein the surfactant is present in an amount between about 1% and 15% by weight relative to the solids content of the sol.
5. A printing plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the intermediate layer has a weight per unit area of about 0.01 g/m2 to 1 g/m2.
6. A printing plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound possessing at least one acid-cleavable C--O--C bond comprises an orthocarboxylic acid derivative, an acetal, an enol ether or a N-acyliminocarbonate.
7. A printing plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water-insoluble binder is soluble in aqueous-alkaline solutions.
8. A printing plate as claimed in claim 7, wherein the binder comprises a novolak.
9. A printing plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the silicone layer comprises a crosslinkable elastomer.
10. A printing plate as claimed in claim 9, wherein the elastomer comprises a two-component elastomer crosslinkable by condensation reaction at room temperature.
11. A printing plate as claimed in claim 10, wherein the silicone elastomer contains an alkenyltriacetoxysilane as the crosslinking agent.
12. A printing plate as claimed in claim 9, wherein the elastomer comprises a multi-component elastomer.
13. A printing plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the silicone layer comprises a crosslinked silicone rubber having a weight per unit area of about 1 g/m2 to 20 g/m2.
14. A process for making a presensitized printing plate for waterless planographic printing comprising the steps of:
providing a support layer; coating on said support layer a radiation-sensitive composition comprising (a) a compound possessing at least one C--O--C bond which can be split by acid, (b) a compound forming a strong acid upon irradiation, (c) a water-insoluble binder, and (d) a solvent; coating a silicic acid sol on the radiation-sensitive coating; and coating an ink-repellent silicone elastomer on the silicic acid coating. 15. A process for making a printing plate for waterless planographic printing as claimed in claim 14, wherein the silicic acid sol is coated before the solvent has completely evaporated from the radiation-sensitive coating.
16. A process for making a printing plate as claimed in claim 15, wherein the silicic acid sol further comprises water-miscible solvents.
17. A process for making a printing plate as claimed in claim 15, wherein the silicic acid sol further comprises a water-soluble surfactant.
18. A process of using the presensitized printing plate of claim 1 to make a printing form suitable for waterless planographic printing comprising the steps of:
imagewise exposing the presensitized plate of claim 1 to radiation to produce exposed and unexposed areas on the immersing the exposed printing plate in an aqueous solution containing a water-miscible organic solvent; and removing the radiation-sensitive layer and the overlying silicone layer from the exposed areas of the plate. 19. A process as claimed in claim 18, wherein the solution is an aqueous alkaline solution.
20. A process as claimed in claim 18, wherein the aqueous solution contains at least about 50% of water.
Descripción The present invention relates to a presensitized printing plate for waterless planographic printing, in particular offset printing, and to a process for preparing a printing form by exposure and development of said printing plate. The printing plate of this invention comprises a layer support, a radiation-sensitive layer and an outer, ink-repellent layer of silicone rubber. Printing plates as described above and comprising positive-working or negative-working radiation-sensitive, in particular photosensitive, layers have, for example, been disclosed by U.S. Pat. No. 3,511,178. Diazonium salt condensation products are employed as negative-working, i.e., photocurable photosensitive compounds. The exposed printing plate is developed by means of a solution in which the unexposed portions of the photosensitive layer are dissolved and the silicone rubber layer is swollen. The silicone rubber portions on top of the soluble layer portions can be removed by rubbing. The printing form obtained is ink-receptive in the bared areas of the layer support, whereas the silicone rubber layer still present in the non-exposed areas of the layer support is ink-repellent. Thus, the printing form prints a negative image of the transparency employed for exposure. Insoluble precipitation products of diazonium salts and phosphotungstic acid are used as positive-working photosensitive compounds. In this case, an intermediate layer comprising a diazonium salt/formaldehyde condensate is provided between the photosensitive layer and the silicone rubber layer, in order to anchor the latter to the photosensitive layer. This intermediate layer is crosslinked by heat when the silicone elastomer layer is cured into the silicone rubber layer and then effects the desired improved adhesion. There are also known planographic printing plates suitable for waterless printing, wherein other layers which are rendered soluble by exposure are used. Practically all of these plates require an appropriate adhesive layer. According to German Offenlegungsschrift No. 29 43 379 (U.S. Pat. No. 4,358,522), a photosensitive layer of an o-quinonediazide and a novolak is coated with an intermediate layer of an adhesion-promoting aminoalkyl-alkoxysilane. German Offenlegungsschrift No. 30 45 979 (U.S. Pat. No. 4,342,820) describes a combination of a particular o-quinonediazide layer and a silicone rubber layer. To improve the adhesion between these layers, silicones or silanes can be added to either one of these layers, or an adhesive layer comprising compounds of this type can be applied between the two layers. According to the teaching of Japanese Patent Application No. 58/60744, improved adhesion is achieved by the addition of aminosilane and tetra-isopropoxytitanium to the silicone layer or by an adhesive layer comprising organotitanium compounds. European Patent Application No. 0,100,938 describes a process for improving the adhesion of corresponding layers by a short, slight overall exposure and treatment with a base, for example, a primary amine. An intermediate layer of aminosilanes and/or organotitanates may additionally be applied. European Patent Application No. 154,980 describes a similar, presensitized printing plate wherein the photosensitive o-quinonediazide layer additionally comprises a coupling component which in a basic medium, such as that used for development, undergoes a coupling reaction with the non-decomposed diazo compound in the unexposed areas, whereby a relatively insoluble azo dye is formed. At the same time the silicone layer is more firmly anchored to the quinonediazide layer during the coupling reaction. Additionally an adhesive layer, for example, of aminosilanes or organotitanium compounds, may be present between the aforementioned layers. These known negative-working printing plates for waterless offset printing which are based on diazonium salts or quinone diazides have a relatively low photosensitivity. Often the adhesion can only be improved by a complicated composition of the material and additional process steps. In most cases mixtures of water-insoluble and polar organic solvents are required to develop these plates. The predominant portion of the mixtures of water-miscible solvents and water, which can be employed in some cases, comprises organic solvents. Due to this high solvent content special precautionary measures must be taken in order to prevent excessive pollution of the waste water and exhaust air. Positive-working photosensitive compositions based on compounds which in photolytic reactions form an acid and compounds which are split by acid, for example, orthocarboxylic acid esters and acetals, have also been disclosed. These compositions can be used in the production of photosensitive layers (e.g., for printing plates) whose photosensitivity is considerably increased over that of naphthoquinonediazide layers. Compositions of this type are, for example, described in German Patent Nos. 26 10 842 (U.S. Pat. No. 4,101,323) and 27 18 254 (U.S. Pat. No. 4,247,611) and in European Patent Application No. 0,022,571 (U.S. Pat. No. 4,311,782). Related application Ser. No. 087,677, filed Aug. 20, 1987 (German Application No. P 36 28 719.9), assigned to the assignee of the present invention and filed concurrently with this application, discloses a presensitized printing plate comprising an amorphous silicic acid between a radiation-sensitive layer and an ink-repellent silicone layer. This application is incorporated herein by reference. It is an object of the present invention to provide a negative-working printing plate suitable for waterless offset printing, which has a higher photosensitivity than the comparable known printing plates. It is a further object of the invention to provide a negative-working printing plate which can be treated with developing solutions predominantly comprised of water. It is yet another object of the invention to provide a negative-working printing plate which possesses a crosslinked silicone elastomer layer which is firmly anchored to the photosensitive layer. In accordance with these and other objects of the present invention, there is disclosed a presensitized printing plate for waterless planographic printing, which comprises a layer support, a radiation-sensitive layer rendered soluble by exposure, an outer, ink-repellant, crosslinked silicone elastomer layer and an intermediate layer by which the adhesion of the silicone elastomer layer to the radiation-sensitive layer is improved. In the printing plate according to this invention the radiation-sensitive layer comprises, as the essential constituents, (a) a compound possessing at least one C--O--C bond which can be split by acid (b) a compound forming a strong acid upon irradiation, and (c) a water-insoluble binder. The intermediate layer is comprised of amorphous silicic acid. The process of making this presensitized plate is also disclosed. In accordance with this invention, there is disclosed a process for preparing a printing form for waterless planographic printing using the presensitized printing plate. In this process, a presensitized planographic printing plate as described above is immersed into an aqueous solution containing a water-miscible organic solvent, and the photosensitive layer, together with the superimposed silicone rubber layer, is subsequently removed from the exposed areas by rubbing. The intermediate layers of the printing plates are preferably produced by coating a diluted silicic acid sol onto the radiation-sensitive, in particular photosensitive, layer and drying the applied sol. If this adhesive layer is not applied, the adhesion of silicone rubber layers which are coated onto photosensitive layers based on acid-cleavable materials is totally insufficient. It has been found that adhesive layers comprising silanes, for example, aminoalkylsilanes, which are usually applied to naphthoquinonediazide layers, result in a certain improvement of the adhesion between the unexposed, acid-cleavable layer and the silicone layer. However, these silane layers either adversely affect the processing of the printing plate or their anchoring effect is so poor that the imagewise exposed plate cannot be developed to give an acceptable printing stencil. The silicic acid sols employed for the production of the adhesive layers usually comprise silicic acid particles having sizes between 5 and 150 nm, preferably between 20 and 50 nm. The aqueous silicic acid sols may be stabilized at an alkaline or acid pH value. To achieve improved wetting of the photosensitive layer, it is advantageous to mix the sol with a small amount of a water-soluble surfactant, in particular an anionic or non-ionic surfactant. Suitable substances include, for example, alkali metal salts of long-chain alkanoic acids, alkylsulfonic acids, monoalkylsulfates, alkylbenzenesulfonic acids, and polyalkoxyphenol ethers. Since the surfactants themselves impede strong adhesion, their amount preferably should be kept as low as possible. In general, the preferred amount of surfactant varies between 1% and 15% by weight, relative to the solids content of the sol. The silicic acid layer is bonded particularly well to the photosensitive layer if the silicic acid sol is allowed to diffuse somewhat into the photosensitive layer. Since the depth of penetration decreases as the photosensitive layer gets dry, the adhesive layer should be applied before the photosensitive layer is more than incipiently dried. The diffusion can also be controlled by adding water-miscible solvents which cause the positive-working layer to swell to the silicic acid sol. The adhesion of the silicic acid layer can also be improved by enlarging the surface area of the photosensitive layer by means of mechanical graining or by adding pigments. Apart from the required surfactants and, if appropriate, water-miscible solvents, the silicic acid sols may contain finely divided fillers. The weight of the silicic acid layer can be varied within wide limits, ranging from about 0.01 to 1.0 g/m2. Preferably it is within the range of 0.1 to 0.3 g/m2. The layer rendered soluble by irradiation can contain, as compounds having acid-cleavable C--O--C bonds, inter alia monomeric and polymeric acetals, monomeric and polymeric orthocarboxylic acid esters, enol-ethers and N-acyliminocarbonates. Mixtures of this type are described in European Patent Application Nos. 0,006,626 and 0,006,627 and in the references mentioned in the background. Polymeric acetals and orthocarboxylic acid esters are particularly preferred. The proportion of acid-cleavable compound is in general about 2% to 75% by weight, preferably about 4% to 30% by weight, relative to the non-volatile constituents of the layer. A large number of known compounds and mixtures are suitable for use as radiation-sensitive components which on irradiation form or eliminate preferentially strong acids, such as diazonium, phosphonium, sulfonium and iodonium salts, halogen compounds, o-quinonediazide sulfochlorides and organometal/organohalogen combinations. In principle it is possible to use as halogen-containing radiation-sensitive compounds which form hydrohalogenic acid any organic halogen compound which is also known as a photochemical free-radical starter, for example, those which have more than one halogen atom on a carbon atom or in an aromatic ring. Examples have been described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,515,552, 3,536,489 and 3,779,778, German Auslegeschrift No. 2 610 842 and German Offenlegungsschriften Nos. 2 718 259 and 2 243 621. The amount of the starter can also vary widely according to the chemical nature of the starter and the composition of the mixture. Favorable results are obtained using about 0.1% to 10% by weight, relative to total solids, with about 0.2% to 5% being preferable. The mixtures also contain a polymeric binder which is insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents. Since aqueous-alkaline solutions are advantageously used as developer liquids for the exposed copying layers, it is particularly preferred that the binders are soluble, or at least swellable, in aqueous alkalis. The type and amount of water-insoluble binders can vary according to the intended use; proportions of total solids between about 30% and 90% by weight, in particular between about 55% and 85% by weight are preferable. Phenolic resins, above all novolaks, have been found to be particularly advantageous binders. Other alkali-soluble resins, such as copolymers of maleic anhydride and styrene, vinyl acetate and crotonic acid, methyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid and the like, are also suitable for use as binders. Dyestuffs or finely divided pigments can be added to the photosensitive layer. Triphenylmethane dyestuffs, particularly in the form of their carbinol bases, have been found to be particularly suitable. The photosensitive layer in general has a weight of about 0.3 to 3 g/m2, layer weights between about 0.8 and 1.8 g/m2 being preferred in most cases. The silicone elastomer layer is applied from a solution in a non-polar solvent, for example aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons, in which the constituents of the adhesive and photosensitive layers virtually do not dissolve under the coating conditions. In principle, every silicone elastomer which is sufficiently ink-repellent to permit offset printing without dampening solution, is suitable. Within the scope of this invention "silicone elastomer" is to be understood, in accordance with the definition by Noll, "Chemie und Technologie der Silikone (Chemistry and Technology of Silicones)", Verlag Chemie, 1968, page 332, as a high-molecular weight, substantially linear diorganopolysiloxane, whereas the term "silicone rubber" is used for the crosslinked or vulcanized products. In every case, a silicone elastomer solution is applied to the photosensitive layer, dried and then crosslinked. Suitable silicone elastomers are single-component and multi-component types such as are described, for example, in German Offenlegungsschriften Nos. 23 50 211, 2 357 871 and 2 359 102. The single-component silicone elastomers are based on polysiloxanes which contain, for example, terminal acetyl, oxime, alkoxy or amino groups or hydrogen atoms. The remainder of the polysiloxane consists essentially of a dimethylpolysiloxane chain. To a relatively small extent, the methyl groups can also be replaced by other alkyl groups, by halogenoalkylgroups or substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups. The terminal functional groups are easily hydrolyzable and harden under the action of moisture within a period from a few minutes to several hours (RTV-1 silicone elastomers). The multi-component silicone elastomers can be crosslinkable by addition or by condensation. The addition-crosslinkable types contain in general polysiloxanes with alkenyl groups as substituents and those with hydrogen atoms bonded to silicon. They are crosslinked at temperatures above 50° C. in the presence of platinum catalysts. They have the advantage that they crosslink rapidly at an elevated temperature of, for example, about 100° C. On the other hand, the processing period (pot life) of these systems can be relatively short. The mixtures crosslinkable by condensation contain diorgano-polysiloxanes with reactive end groups, for example, OH groups and acetoxy groups. These are crosslinked with reactive silanes or oligosiloxanes such as alkoxy silanes or acetoxy silanes or siloxanes which contain several Si-H groups in their molecules, in the presence of catalysts, for example, organo-tin compounds, such as dialkyl tin diacetate. These combinations also react relatively rapidly and have therefore a limited pot life. Multi-component silicone elastomers which are crosslinkable by condensation are used with particular advantage. The preferred crosslinking agent is vinyl-triacetoxy-silane which ensures the best adhesion to the silicic acid layer and thus to the photosensitive layer. It is also possible to use vinyl-triacetoxy-silane in combination with other crosslinking agents, as long as these do not interfere with the solubilizing reaction of the photosensitive layer. In the absence of alkyl-triacetoxy-silanes, sufficient adhesion can also be achieved by using H-containing siloxanes. In this case, the adhesion is markedly improved during the first few days following the printing plate production, and therefore such plates should be stored for several days before further processing. The concentration of the crosslinking agent or of the mixture of crosslinking agents, respectively, usually is about 1% to 20% by weight, preferably about 2% to 15%, of the amount of polysiloxane. The amount of catalyst preferably varies between about 2% and 10% by weight of the amount of polysiloxane. After application of the silicone elastomer layers, the silicone elastomers are crosslinked in the known manner by the action of moisture or by themselves at room temperature or at elevated temperatures to give silicone rubbers which are essentially insoluble in organic solvents. The finished silicone rubber layer in general has a weight from about 1 to 20 g/m2, preferably from about 2 to 6 g/m2. The dehesive silicone rubber layeriis believed to be anchored to the silicic acid layer via a chemical reaction. It is supposed that a condensation reaction takes place between the hydroxyl groups present on the surface of the silicic acid particles and the hydroxyl groups of the high molecular-weight, non-crosslinked silicone elastomers. The preferred multi-component silicone elastomers have the advantage that printing plates prepared with them, on printing without dampening solution, show a substantially lower tendency to scumming than those which have been prepared with usual single-component silicone elastomers. The scratch resistance of the surface of the hardened silicone rubber is also increased in the case of the preferred types of compound. The layer supports used are in most cases metals. The following can be employed for offset printing plates: bright-rolled, mechanically or electrochemically roughened and, if appropriate, anodically oxidized aluminum which, in addition, may also have been pretreated chemically, for example with polyvinylphosphonic acid, silicates, phosphates, hexafluorozirconates or with hydrolyzed tetraethyl orthosilicate. Other suitable metals are steel and chromium. Since, in contrast to conventional planographic printing plates, it is not necessary for the support surface to be hydrophilic, it is also possible with advantage to use copper, brass or other oleophilic metals as the support surface. The support surface may also be provided with a permanent, oleophilic coating, such as an adhesion-promoting layer. Likewise, plastic sheets, such as polyester, polycarbonate, polyimide or cellulose acetate sheets can also be used. If appropriate, the surface of these may have been roughened or pretreated in another way for improving the wettability by printing ink. It is also possible to use known printing plate supports of paper, which for the purposes of this invention must not be absolutely water-resistant. Rubber-elastic support materials are also suitable; such supports also allow printing in direct planographic printing. In the case of the printing forms prepared from the material according to the invention, the support material serves as the ink-bearing material, in contrast to the otherwise usual printing forms. The silicone rubber layer which remains in place after exposure and development serves as the image background and, in the dry state, has an ink-repellent action. For printing, both conventional oil-based printing inks and special hydrophilic printing inks, such as have been developed for waterless offset printing and reverse offset printing and are commercially available, can here be used. Since most of the usual layer support surfaces, for example grained or anodically oxidized aluminum, are highly hydrophilic, hydrophilic printing inks are used with advantage. The printing plates according to this invention are produced as follows. First, the printing plate support is coated, as usual, with the photosensitive coating solution. After incipient drying of the layer, the surfactant-containing, diluted silicic acid sol is applied. The dried silicic acid layer is coated with the polysiloxane solution which optionally contains a crosslinking agent and a catalyst. This layer is dried and crosslinked by storing for several hours at room temperature (RTV-1 elastomer) or by moderate heating, for example, during 1 minute to 100° C. to 120° C., and subsequent storing in the dark for several hours at room temperature (RTV-2 elastomer). By exposure through a negative original and development, a ready-to-print planographic printing form is obtained from the presensitized plate. Mercury lamps, carbon arc lamps, metal halide lamps, xenon lamps, incandescent tubes, laser equipment, electron beams and other known exposure apparatus may be employed for exposure. If the acid-forming compound of the radiation-sensitive layer is not sensitive to visible or ultraviolet light, but rather to high-energy radiation, such as x-rays or corpuscular radiation, appropriate radiation sources are used. During development, the abhesive silicone rubber layer is swollen by the developer solution, and the exposed portions of the radiation-sensitive layer are dissolved. By rubbing with a soft material, such as cotton, tissue or sponge rubber, those portions of the swollen silicone rubber layer which overlie the dissolved, irradiated areas of the photosensitive layer break away, and the surface of the printing plate support is bared. The bared surface readily accepts ink, whereas the remaining silicone layer is ink-repellent. Inking of the developed plate can be performed inside or outside the printing press. Suitable developers on the one hand must be able to cause strong swelling of the abhesive layer and to penetrate it quickly, and also to develop the exposed areas of the photosensitive layer thoroughly. On the other hand, they must not attack the unexposed areas. Good results are achieved with mixtures of water-miscible solvents and water which optionally has been rendered weakly alkaline by the addition of bases, basic salts, ammonia or amines. Suitable water-soluble solvents include lower alcohols, glycols, glycol ethers, ketones and cyclic ethers. Preference is given to weakly alkaline isopropanol/water mixtures having a water content of more than about 50% and a pH between about 8 and 9. The ink-repellent non-image areas are raised by a few micrometers relative to the ink-receptive support surface laid bare by the development. These differences in height can be compensated for by filling the depressions with printing ink during the roller application of the ink. When the ink has dried, the ink-receptive and the ink-repellent surface areas are on the same level. Examples of preferred embodiments of the printing plate according to this invention are described below. Unless otherwise specified, percentages and quantity ratios relate to weight. The presensitized printing plates were produced and processed under yellow light. A solution of 4.0 g of a cresol/formaldehyde novolak (melting point 105° C.-120° C.), 1.2 g of a polyacetal of triethylene glycol and 2-ethyl-butyraldehyde, 0.2 g of 2-stilbenyl-4,6-bis-trichloro-methyl-s-triazine, and 0.032 g of crystal violet base, in 80 g of butanone was spin-coated, at about 60 rpm, on an aluminum foil which had been grained by brushing, and incipiently dried by means of warm air (weight of the completely dried layer 1.1 g/m2). Immediately after its solidification, but while it still contained some solvent, the layer was spin-coated with a solution of 97 g of deionized water, 3 g of a 30% strength anionic silicic acid sol having a pH of about 10 and a particle size of 25 to 30 nm, and 0.07 g of sodium diisobutyl-naphthalene sulfonate. Spin coating was performed at a speed of about 150 rpm. When both layers were dry, the following solution was applied by spin-coating at about 60 rpm. 84 g of an aliphatic hydrocarbon mixture, boiling range 116° C. to 142° C., 15 g of a 33% strength solution of a dihydroxy-polydimethyl siloxane in toluene, viscosity at 25° C. 9,000 to 15,000 mPa.s, 0.7 g of vinyl-triacetoxysilane, and 0.3 g of dibutyl-tin diacetate. The layer was dried and vulcanized by heating it to 110° C. for 1 minute in a drying cabinet. The resulting presensitized printing plate was exposed through a negative original for 15 s, using a 5 kW metal halide lamp arranged at a distance of 140 cm, then immersed into a developer liquid for 75 s and thereafter wiped with a soft cotton pad, whereby all three layers were removed from the exposed areas. The developer employed was composed of 71.722% of deionized water, 28.232% of isopropanol, 0.022% of n-butanol, 0.013% of NaOH, and 0.011% of Na2 SiO3 x 9H2 O The printing form could be easily inked with a commercially available waterless offset ink in a small offset press where the dampening unit had been removed. Clean prints were obtained from the form. Example 1 was repeated, with the exception that the following photosensitive coating solution was used: 80 g of butanone, 4 g of a cresol/formaldehyde novolak, melting point 105° C. to 120° C., 0.2 g of the polyacetal of Example 1, 0.2 of 2-(4-ethoxy-naphth-1-yl)-4,6-bis-trichloromethyl-s-triazine, and 0.03 g of crystal violet base. The developed printing form provided very clean, crisp prints. Example 1 was repeated, with the exception that the following photosensitive coating solution was used: 80 g of butanone, 4 g of a cresol/formaldehyde novolak, melting point 105° C. to 120° C., 0.3 g of a polycondensate of orthoformic acid methyl ester and 2-ethyl-2-hydroxymethyl-4-oxa-1,8-octanediol, 0.2 g of 2-acenaphth-5-yl-4,6-bis-trichloro-methyl-s-triazine, and 0.03 g of crystal violet base. Waterless offset printing ink was applied to the developed form by means of a roller, and after the ink had dried the form was inserted into a small offset press. Very clean, crisp prints were obtained. Aluminum foil which had been grained by brushing was first coated with the coating solution of Example 2 and then with the silicic acid sol of Example 1. Thereupon, a dehesive layer having the following composition was applied by spin-coating: 84 g of the hydrocarbon mixture of Example 1, 15 g of the dihydroxy-polydimethyl siloxane solution of Example 1, 0.35 g of vinyl-triacetoxysilane, 0.35 g of methacryloyloxypropyl-trimethoxysilane and 0.3 g of dibutyl-tin diacetate. Processing was performed as described in Example 1. More than 5,000 very clean prints were obtained. Example 4 was repeated, with the exception that tetraethyl-orthosilicate was used instead of methacryloxyloxypropyl-trimethoxysilane. The printing form gave clean prints. Example 2 was modified by using only 0.2 g of vinyl-triacetoxysilane (instead of 0.7 g) in the polysiloxane layer. The printing plate could be easily developed. It provided very clean prints. As described in Example 2, aluminum foil which had been grained by brushing was coated with a photosensitive layer and a silicic acid layer. A mixture comprised of 1 part by weight (p.b.w.) of a 75% strength solution in toluene (viscosity about 9,000 mPa.s) of a polysiloxane of the amine type, which is self-crosslinking under the influence of air, and 4 p.b.w. of the aliphatic hydrocarbon mixture indicated in Example 1 was applied to this material, such that a layer weight of about 5 g/m2 resulted after drying. By storing the plate in the ambient air for several hours crosslinking of the silicone layer was achieved. A printing form was prepared as described in Example 1. In a small offset press, scum-free, crisp prints were obtained. Example 7 was repeated, with the exception that another polysiloxane crosslinking under the influence of atmospheric moisture was employed. The photosensitive layer, after having been provided with an adhesion-promoting coating, was spin-coated with the following mixture: 12.5 g of a transparent dispersion containing 60% of the aliphatic hydrocarbon mixture of Example 1, fillers and a polysiloxane of the amine type, having a viscosity of about 1,500 mPa.s, and 87.5 g of the above hydrocarbon mixture. The layer had a dry weight of 2.2 g/m2. It was crosslinked during storage in the ambient air for several hours. Clean and crisp prints were obtained from the developed plate. Mechanically grained aluminum foil was coated with a coating solution as described in Example 2. The incompletely dried layer was spin-coated with a solution having the following composition: 97.0 g of deionized water, 3.0 g of a 30% strength, cationic silicic acid sol having a pH of about 3.9, and 0.04 g of n-nonylphenol-polyglycol ether. The dried silicic acid layer was coated with a silicone elastomer as described in Example 1. When the plate was exposed and developed as described in Example 1, only the silicone rubber layer was removed from the exposed areas, so that the ink-receptive copying layer areas lying underneath were laid bare. In the small offset press, the developed plate produced a great number of crisp, clean prints. Example 1 was repeated, with the exception that, instead of the silicic acid sol indicated therein, a 3% strength solution of vinyl triacetoxysilane in an aliphatic hydrocarbon mixture, having a boiling range of 116° to 142° C., was used to produce the adhesion-promoting intermediate layer, When the imagewise exposed plate was developed, not only the exposed areas were dissolved away, but a noticeable attack to the layer was also noted in the unexposed areas. Due to the insufficient adhesion of the silicone rubber layer, the printing forms produced in this way exhibited damaged image areas. Example 1 was repeated, with the exception that, instead of the silicic acid sol described therein, a 3% strength solution of 3-(2-aminoethylamino)-propyltrimethyoxysilane in an aliphatic hydrocarbon mixture, having a boiling range of 116° to 142° C., was employed. Imagewise exposure of the plate did not cause any solubility differentiation within the copying layer, and therefore it was impossible to develop an image. Citas de patentes
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WineNot and Dancing Lion Chocolate invite you to explore the world of international chocolate and fine wine. Travel the globe with your palate from Italy to France to Australia. Find out which wine pairs best with which type of chocolate.
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text: Extension Guidelines Online registration system The following policies are for Extension State and County units. Academic units should refer to page 8 for information regarding their use of the system. Credit Card Handling Responsibilities and Procedures ....................................................................... 2 Setting up an event .................................................................................................................................... 3 Accessing and using the software ............................................................................................................ 5 Financial Reconciliation for Units ........................................................................................................... 6 Useful Contacts.......................................................................................................................................... 6 Questions and Answers............................................................................................................................. 7 Academic Departments ............................................................................................................................ 8 D:\Docstoc\Working\pdf\91c16d96-065f-419a-bde1-8c6685123442.doc Page 1 of 9 02/17/2009 Credit Card Handling Responsibilities and Procedures Anyone who will be handling credit card information must read the Credit Card Handling Responsibilities and Procedures. Click here and complete the form "Responsibilities of Credit Card Handlers and Processors" on page 7. This should be retained in your Director or Supervisor's personnel files. http://www.treasurer.ohio-state.edu/PDFS/Merchant%20Policies%20and%20Procedures%202007.pdf Summary of security issues: If you have an in person or over the phone registration you must type the credit card number into the Certain system. You are not permitted to write it down, fax it, email it or otherwise save the information. Transmitting credit card information by e-mail or fax prohibited – Full or partial credit card numbers and three or four digit validation codes (usually on the back of credit cards) may not be faxed or e-mailed. Report Security Incident to the Office of the Treasurer and the Office of the CIO - If you know or suspect that credit card information has been exposed, stolen, or misused this incident must be reported immediately to the following departments: 1. The Office of the Treasurer, Attn: Cash Management, by fax to 292-7568 2. The Office of the CIO Security Group, by e-mail to firstname.lastname@example.com and by phone to 247-2020 or 688-5650. This report must not disclose by fax or e-mail credit card numbers, three or four digit validation codes, or PINs. D:\Docstoc\Working\pdf\91c16d96-065f-419a-bde1-8c6685123442.doc Page 2 of 9 02/17/2009 Setting up an event At least six weeks prior to needing a registration form you should contact Julia McCafferty at The Office of Continuing Education in order to set up your registration page. To do this you will complete the Certain Registration Information Form available on the Business office Website and send to Julia McCafferty along with all of your web ready graphics and relevant documents. Address: 225 Mount Hall, 1050 Carmack Road, Columbus, Ohio 43210. Phone: 614-688-3076 Fax: 614-292-0492 e-Mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Information you will need: Information about the event. Information you would like to capture in the registration. Photos and other images that you would like to include in the registration page. Chartfield to where you would like the revenue to be deposited (org, fund, etc.). o Allowable choices are fund numbers that begin with a 06xxxx, 1xxxxx, or 50xxxx (excluding funds from the county commissioners) o Contact your Business Office Representative if you aren't sure where to put the funds. http://osuebusiness.ag.ohio-state.edu Decisions to make: What is the final registration deadline? What refund option would you like to choose: o Option 1: No refunds once payment is made o Option 2: Refunds allowed at any time with a $10 administrative fee. o Option 3: Other as you define. What fee will you charge for the event? o Calculate all of your expenses including your time and your office overhead expenses and you estimate the number of registrations you think you will receive then add in the fees below. o Fees per transaction for using the registration system: $5.00 per transaction. Plus approximately 2% of transaction for credit card transactions for the credit card companies. Example: $1025 in office expenses for the program with 50 registrations. $1025/50= $20.50 $20.50 +$5.00 (fee) = $25.50 $25.50 * 1.02 (credit card company) = $26.01 Your registration should be $26.01 per person to break even. If you want to make money you should add an additional amount to the registration fee. See the Extension Website for a Fee Calculator. The site specifications will be reviewed and Julia will let you know whether or not your program specifications can be handled by OSU or whether you will need to pay for an outside developer. You will be given a quote if outside assistance is needed. You should receive a response on your submission within 8 business days. You will have a chance to review the site before it is published. Be sure to check it over carefully and do a few test registrations to make sure everything is correct. D:\Docstoc\Working\pdf\91c16d96-065f-419a-bde1-8c6685123442.doc Page 3 of 9 02/17/2009 The site will then be published and available for your and your use. Department Process Overview: Complete New Receive Carefully review Receive Add a link to Event Form confirmation and approve the confirmation your Website. that the event online that event is Distribute form can be registration form posted and advertise developed event. Please allow six weeks for development of the site! D:\Docstoc\Working\pdf\91c16d96-065f-419a-bde1-8c6685123442.doc Page 4 of 9 02/17/2009 Accessing and using the software On the Certain Registration Information Form you identified who you would like to have access to the software program to maintain the event and print off attendee lists. That person will receive and e-mail from Certain Software, Inc. alerting them that they have a user id and temporary password. They should visit the site and sign on including changing their password. Certain registration site: https://cfaesreg.org Once on the site they should be directed to the subaccount with just your office's events. Soon there will be a short training video available to teach them how to: Access your events Run reports about your events Record Cash, Check, PO and 100w payment manually For help after watching the video, contact Julia McCafferty REFUNDS and CANCELLATIONS If you have refunds or cancellations, email your Reconciling Unit Contact with the name of the person cancelling, the amount to refund and the event name. See the Useful Contacts section of this document for a list of contacts. Department Process Overview: Access Run reports as Run reports for Retain records Certain needed for eReports Software program Reconciliation Web site (monthly) D:\Docstoc\Working\pdf\91c16d96-065f-419a-bde1-8c6685123442.doc Page 5 of 9 02/17/2009 Financial Reconciliation for Units Monthly, your eReports reconciler will receive a fax or e-mail from your credit card reconciler with a journal entry and information regarding the fees and revenue for your office. Your eReports reconciler should put this document in their "pending reconciliation file". They should look for this journal entry on their financial statements at the month end reconciliation. As part of the normal review process the Director in the office should review and sign the entire eReports reconciliation. These files should then be maintained per records retention schedules. Department Process Overview: Receive Reconcile to Have Director Retain records Fax or e- month end review mail eReports journal Useful Contacts Registration Site Development: Julia McCafferty Address: 225 Mount Hall, 1050 Carmack Road, Columbus, Ohio 43210. Phone: 614-688-3076 Fax: 614-292-0492 e-Mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Reconciling Units and Contact information: County and Regional Offices: West Region – Jesse Buxton, firstname.lastname@example.com North Central Region – Lisa Murphy, firstname.lastname@example.com South East Region – Robert Concitis, email@example.com State and Administrative Units – Jessica Favret, firstname.lastname@example.com Program Areas: 4-H programs – Anna Bernard, firstname.lastname@example.com Ag and Natural Resources programs – Carolyn Hall, firstname.lastname@example.com Community Development programs – Carolyn Hall, firstname.lastname@example.com Family and Consumer Science programs – Sandy Bryan, email@example.com Certain Software Support: 1-888-237-8246, select option 3 or ext. 144 email@example.com D:\Docstoc\Working\pdf\91c16d96-065f-419a-bde1-8c6685123442.doc Page 6 of 9 02/17/2009 Questions and Answers Q. What to do if an event is cancelled? A. If you have refunds or cancellations, email your Reconciling Unit Contact with the name of the person cancelling, the amount to refund and the event name. See the Useful Contacts section of this document for a list of contacts. Q. What if I don't remember my password? A. Click forgot password on the login page. Q. What if I forgot my Login ID? A. your login ID is your osu internet username e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Q. Do I have to use the software to process registration fees? A. No. This is a voluntary software package. But if you use it for an event you should capture all of the registrants for that event. Q. If I use the package do I have to process all registration fees through the system? A. Yes. You should use the system to capture all registrations for an event. Q. I have expenses in my checking account for this program, how do I get the money from the University into my checking account? A. You can submit receipts for reimbursement on a payment request form up to $3,000 per quarter, per fund (limit excludes postage). Follow the guidelines on documentation offered by your Business Office Representative. Q. I have money collected for registration fees in my checking account; do I need to send that down to my Columbus fund number? A. You are not required to. You may leave this in your account as long as your University Fund number will cover all associated fees. Your fund number must be positive at all times. Q. Can I choose not to allow certain types of credit cards (i.e. American Express)? A. No, you cannot choose because we are sharing a merchant account. Q. How long do I need to maintain records? A. You should keep reconciliation records for four full years. Q. Will I continue to have access to the Certain Software, Inc? A. Yes, your account will stay active so you may retrieve attendee information. Q. How long does the registrant data stay in the Certain system? A. Data remains in the system for seven years. D:\Docstoc\Working\pdf\91c16d96-065f-419a-bde1-8c6685123442.doc Page 7 of 9 02/17/2009 Academic Departments Extension Academic Departments will be permitted to use the Certain Software license that Extension has purchased for Extension uses. Step 1: Departments will be responsible for setting up their own merchant accounts which must be signed by the college fiscal office. To start this process, contact Carole Fallon at OSU. (firstname.lastname@example.com) You should tell Carole that you are setting this up as part of Extension's agreement with Certain. Your Chair should sign the documents Carole gives you and it should also be signed by the college fiscal office. This original document should be returned to the Treasurer's Office, a copy of all signed documents should be sent to email@example.com or faxed to 614-688-0529 attention Cindy, please include your contact information. The fees for this currently are charged through Certain for the Paypal account and Certain subaccount. This fee is $1,300 annually. The academic department would be billed by Extension for those fees. Cindy will ask you for the Chartfield from which you would like this to come. In addition she will notify Certain that we have a new subaccount to set up. This process takes a couple of months to work through. Cindy will notify you when your account has been established. Step 2: Complete the Certain Registration Information Form and send to Julia McCafferty in The Office of Continuing Education along with all of your web ready graphics and relevant documents. The site specifications will be reviewed and the developer will let you know whether or not your program specifications can be handled by OSU or whether you will need to pay for an outside developer. You will be given a quote if outside assistance is needed. You should receive a response on your submission within 8 business days. If the OSU developer is handling the event you will be charged $50. Step 3: You will need to go through training to be able to maintain your events. There is online training from Certain that you can take. If you would like to develop your own sites you may take the Certain training to learn how to do this. Step 5: When your site is ready you will then need to make sure your financial reconciler has been trained and knows how to access both the Certain and the eReports system. Cindy Buxton can help guide you with the process Extension uses for reconciliation, but ultimately the college fiscal office guides your processes on this item. There are some fees involved with using the Certain system. The Business Office will bill you monthly for the fees associated with the Certain system. You will receive a copy of the journal entry for your activity. The fees from Certain are $2.25 per transaction. You will be billed the site development fee of $50 if you have Julia prepare your site. In addition the credit card companies charge approximately 2% of each transaction. D:\Docstoc\Working\pdf\91c16d96-065f-419a-bde1-8c6685123442.doc Page 8 of 9 02/17/2009 Example: $1025 in office expenses for the program with 50 registrations. $1025 Expenses plus $50 site development = $1075 $1075/50 participants = $21.50 $21.50 +$ 2.25 = $23.75 $23.75 * 1.02 = $24.23 Your registration should be $24.23 per person to break even. For one transaction From/To your Fund Through a Billing Revenue $24.23 Online Fees for system $2.25 Credit card Fees ~$0.48 (come the month after the transaction occurs) Event Development $50.00 Step 6: Ongoing maintenance for use would include setting up new sites, requesting the removal of access for users who have left your department, monthly reconciling the charges that are coming through, making sure that all faculty and staff are aware of the credit card handling policies. D:\Docstoc\Working\pdf\91c16d96-065f-419a-bde1-8c6685123442.doc Page 9 of 9 02/17/2009


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Nazca Tourist Map
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The intramolecular vibrations of prototypical polythiophenes


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text: I am not able to review Montagus B&B as we were denied our reservations. My husband and I were meeting 2 other couples for a weekend in Hermann. I had researched and made reservations at Montague's several months earlier. I had conversed through email with the owner and had made reservations and received a confirmation. When we arrived to check... More


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The Oregonian's continuing coverage of efforts to bring liquefied natural gas facilities to Oregon.The proposal is for a 36-inch diameter, 230-mile pipe that would carry gas from an existing interstate gas supply hub at Malin, on Oregon's border with California, to the terminal at Coos Bay. The pipe has a proposed capacity of one million dekatherms per day. Construction is slated to start during the first quarter 2015. The LNG terminal would start construction in 2014. Both projects aim to be in service by the end of 2017.
Pacific Connector is planning open houses for the public June 25- 28.


text:
FCC Order on Reconsideration of its December 29, 1999 Order on religious broadcasting.
Re: Applications for Transfer of Licenses of WQED Pittsburgh and Cornerstone.
Date: January 28, 2000.
Source: Federal Communications Commission.
Editor's Notes:
Ģ Tech Law Journal converted a MS Word file into HTML to create this
Ģ Footnotes were converted into endnotes, and two way hyperlinked.
Ģ See also, concurring statements of Furchtgott-Roth
and Powell, and dissent of Tristani.
Ģ Copyright Tech Law Journal 2000. All rights reserved.
Before the
Federal Communications Commission
Washington, D.C. 20554
In re Applications of
WQED PITTSBURGH and CORNERSTONE For Consent to the Assignment CORNERSTONE and PAXSON PITTSBURGH For Consent to the Assignment |
) ) ) ) ) ) File No. BALET-970602IA ) ) Facility ID Number 41314 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) File No. BALCT-970530IA ) ) Facility ID Number 13924 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) |
Adopted: January 28, 2000 | Released: January 28, 2000 |
By the Commission: Commissioner Furchtgott-Roth concurring and issuing a statement; Commissioner Tristani dissenting and issuing a statement.
1. By Memorandum Opinion and Order released December 29, 1999,[1] the Commission granted the above-captioned applications for consent to the assignment of licenses of [begin page 2] noncommercial educational television station WQEX(TV), Channel *16, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, from WQED Pittsburgh to Cornerstone TeleVision, Inc. and of television station WPCB-TV, Channel 40, Greensburgh, Pennsylvania, from Cornerstone to Paxson Pittsburgh Licensee, Inc. We also denied, inter alia, the petition to deny filed by The Alliance for Progressive Action and QED Accountability Project. By letter dated January 18, 2000, Cornerstone notified the Commission that it had terminated the agreements underlying the above-referenced transactions, and requested dismissal of its applications to acquire Channel *16 from WQED Pittsburgh and assign Channel 40 to Paxson.2. On our own motion, pursuant to 47 C.F.R. ¦ 1.108, we hereby reconsider and vacate our decision, insofar as it provided additional guidance regarding compliance with Section 73.621(a), 47 C.F.R. ¦ 73.621, of the CommissionÆs rules.[2] See WQED Pittsburgh at ČČ 43-44 and n.77. In an attempt to clarify what constitutes non-commercial educational programming, we offered additional guidance broadly, and attempted to apply that guidance to specific cases involving religious programming. Regrettably, it has become clear that our actions have created less certainty rather than more, contrary to our intent.
3. In hindsight, we see the difficulty of minting clear definitional
parameters for
"educational, instructional or cultural" programming, particularly
without the benefit of broad comment. Therefore, we vacate our additional
guidance. We will defer to the editorial judgment of the licensee unless such
judgment is arbitrary or unreasonable. Way of the Cross, 101 FCC 2d 1368,
1372, n. 5 (1985), citing Notice of Inquiry in Docket No. 78-164, 43 Fed.
Reg. 30842, 30844-45 (1978).
4. We wish to emphasize that our action here does not rescind or alter the underlying grant of the above-captioned applications.
5. The Commission has already received many communications from members of the public and others concerning this proceeding. Insofar as these presentations directly and primarily relate to the general policy question of appropriate standards for evaluating programming proposals for reserved noncommercial educational television channels, while incidentally mentioning the captioned application proceeding, they will be governed by the CommissionÆs permit-but-disclose ex parte procedures as set forth in 47 C.F.R. 1.1206(b) and placed in a file associated with the record concerning the captioned applications. Any similar communications received in the future will be treated in the same manner. All persons are reminded, however, that the matter involving the captioned applications remains a restricted proceeding under 47 C.F.R. 1.1208, until such time as the proceeding on the assignment applications is formally terminated and no longer subject to Commission or court review. Thus, any written presentations directly addressing the merits or outcome of those applications must be served on all parties to that proceeding. Similarly, no such oral presentations concerning the applications may be made without advance notice to all parties and an opportunity for them to be present.
[begin page 3]
6. Accordingly, IT IS ORDERED, that pursuant to 47 C.F.R. ¦ 1.108, the above-referenced portion of the CommissionÆs decision in WQED Pittsburgh IS RECONSIDERED and VACATED.FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION
[1] WQED Pittsburgh (FCC 99-393); Chairman Kennard and Commissioner Tristani affirming in part, dissenting in part, and issuing a joint statement; Commissioners Furchtgott-Roth and Powell affirming in part, dissenting in part, and issuing a joint statement; Commission Ness issuing a separate statement.
[2] Section 73.621(a) provides, with limited exception, that ōnoncommercial educational television broadcast stations . . . will be licensed only to nonprofit educational organizations upon a showing that the proposed stations will be used primarily to serve the educational needs of the community . . . .ö


text:
Surplus Property Disposition
Revised: July 1, 2010Also refer to Signature Authority Policy
Table of Contents
Surplus Property Disposition Policy
Surplus Property Defined
Signature Authority
Surplus Property Disposition Procedure
Computer Equipment Defined
Additional Information
Surplus property disposition policy
Property disposition requires the written approval of the cognizant department head. Marketable surplus property is sold through the respective campus Purchasing Department. Property belongs to the University, not individual University departments; therefore income from the sale of an item is credited to the general or endowment funds of the University. Departments may not give or sell property to individuals, including University employees, or to non-University entities.
Note: This policy does not apply to real property for which disposition is handled jointly by the Business and Finance Division and Board of Regents.
Surplus property defined
Surplus property includes, but is not limited to, surplus or obsolete movable equipment. Movable equipment includes office furniture, office equipment, scientific or clinical equipment, musical instruments, vehicles, maintenance equipment.
Signature Authority
See the University's Signature Authority Policy for signature authorization requirements for agreements related to the Disposal of Property and Electronic Waste.
Surplus property disposition procedure
Follow the procedure below for disposing surplus property:
Step | Action | |
1 | If surplus property is... | Then... |
Computer equipment | Contact respective campus information technology department (IT). | |
All other | Contact campus Purchasing Department. | |
2 | If surplus property is... | Then... |
Computer equipment | IT will make arrangements to erase disk drives. | |
All other | The Purchasing Department will forward a Surplus Inventory Detail form to department for completion and will schedule pick-up. | |
Note: Departments should allow five business days for pick-up after Purchasing Department receives the completed form. Surplus equipment should not be stored in hallways. | ||
3 | If surplus property is... | Then... |
Computer equipment | IT will determine disposition and notify the Purchasing Department. | |
All other | The Purchasing Department will determine marketability of equipment and handle its disposition through sale, donation or scrap. | |
4 | Respective campus Purchasing Department to notify Financial Reporting in writing prior to disposition of all tagged property. |
Computer equipment defined
For purposes of this policy, computer equipment is defined as a data storage device (i.e., server, central processing unit, hard drive, etc.).
Additional information
Contact the Purchasing Department for additional information.


text:
Verizon now gives you 50% off on Android phones priced at $199 or more
To help you get into the gift-giving mood, Verizon has a pretty good deal going on for Android smartphones. Namely, the carrier is selling all Android devices that normally cost $199 or more with a two-year contract for just 50% of their price.
So, for example, the Galaxy Note 4 can now be had for just $149.99, whereas you normally have to shell out no less than $299.99 for the privilege of purchasing one from Big Red. Read more »


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FederalNewsRadio.com - Purpose of Comments statement Click to show
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OSC investigating dozens of claims of whistleblower retaliation at VA
The Office of Special Counsel is investigating more than three dozen claims of whistleblower retaliation at the scandal-rocked Veterans Affairs Department. The 37 cases OSC is investigating span VA facilities in 19 states. They include VA employees who say they've been retaliated against for disclosing a range of misconduct, including improper scheduling practices, the misuse of agency funds and inappropriately restraining patients, according to OSC.


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HOURS Directory | What are Ithaca Hours? | How can I participate?
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If you placed an order on ApplianceHelp.com the order is still valid and you can check on its status and make changes here on PartSelect.com. Click here for more details.
ApplianceWhirlpool Refrigerator
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5 out of 8 people found this instruction helpful
Icecubes came out half-way, and refrooze. I figured out, that the melter does not work (HEATER in the icemaker) Voltage measured 105V no load. Studied the Internet, and folloved an advice: shorted the back wire and the blackwire with white stripes.these go to relay contacts. It seems, that the relay contacts are no good on Infrared receiver boaed. I turn off manually the icemaker, when needed
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Sometimes a small re-write can make all the difference!
Gorgeous guitars, many of them played on stage by rock superstars? I'm in.
Some damn musicologist determined these to be the top 10 best concept albums of all time.
Gary Clark Jr. and Alabama Shakes will be featured on the Saturday, February 16, episode of Austin City Limits. Today, GuitarWorld.com brings you three preview videos from the show, including an exclusive look at Clark Jr. behind the scenes at ACL. "I've been wanting to do this for 16 years," said Clark Jr. from the Austin City Limits stage. "It feels so good to be here right now."
This year saw the resurgence of several older garage rock denizens, like the Foo Fighters and the (car) commercially reliable Black Keys, but it also saw some lesser-known groups take steps toward becoming ubiquitous. Don't be surprised if these guys are everywhere in 2013 ... provided there is a 2013.
Here's a photo gallery of Jack White, Gary Clark Jr. and Alabama Shakes performing at the 2012 Sasquatch! Music Festival, which took place this past weekend -- May 25 to 28 -- at The Gorge Amphitheatre in Gorge, Washington.
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text:
Writer: Merlin
Date:Tuesday April 18 2006
Time: 7:16PM
In the first of what we hope will become a regular feature, we question a regular to our Forum the first to receive such an interrogation is Voice of Reason a Barcelona fan who, via the forum, makes a valued contribution to this site. If youd like the opportunity to come under the microscope, just contact us and well do the rest.
1. I believe you support Barcelona. How, in all honesty, do you think Chelsea have played against them in the four recent fixtures?
In all honesty, I have great respect for Chelsea players. The likes of Lampard, Terry, Cech and Gallas are absolutely fantastic footballers. So when two champions (to be) of their respective leagues were to meet, there was bound to be good football. I think only the first game at the Camp Nou fell short of expectations since both teams were not playing their best football. However, the ones from then on were entertaining games to watch. Of course, there are some things that were unpleasant to see and could have been avoided.
2. If you had to select a mixed eleven in the ratio of 6:5 what would your team be?
Eto'o (striker) - (30 goals/season, already 30 in all competitions this season)
Ronaldinho (left Wing) - (Simply the best in the world)
Messi (right wing) - (Not very far from being the best in the world)
Lampard (Midfielder) - (Gives the term goal scoring midfielder a whole new meaning)
Deco (midfielder) - (The midfield general)
Xavi (defensive midfielder) - (The best defensive midfielder + playmaker. Always above 90% pass completion)
Puyol (Central Defender) - (Great defender, A Great Captain)
Terry (Central Defender) - (Great defender, Another Great Captain)
Ferreira (Right Back) - (The Right back)
Gallas (Left Back) - (Too bad Mourinho just blocked a bid for him from Barca)
Cech (GoalKeeper) - ( Only Iker, Coupet and Buffon rival him)
3. Do you believe you'll win the Champions League, if so who do you fear the most?
At this point of the competition, in the semi finals, all teams are strong and deserving to be there. It is not something that can be predicted. Certainly, Barca have a chance of winning the Champions League again but the game could really go to AC Milan. They are a wonderful side with the likes of Kaka, Sheva, Nesta etc. Between the two teams, there are 16 European trophies so this game would very much look like a final. Even if Barca manages to go through, they might meet Arsenal. They really have just as good chance of winning the trophy because in addition to wanting to save their season, they are fighting to keep Henry. Liverpool won the Champions League last season and a lot of their determination to do so has come from their desire to keep Gerrard at Merseyside.
4. How do you rate the Premiership compared to La Liga and Serie A?
The Premiership has always been a great league to watch. More enjoyable in the recent weeks than it has been earlier this season but overall, it is one of the best leagues in the world. Its wonderful as well how racism has been eradicated from the Premiership. I believe lessons should be learnt from that. The three leagues can't really be compared with each other. It is still football played over 90 minutes. The roar of the crowd is still felt the same way and supporters of their teams are equally ecstatic or upset when they win or lose. I can see similarities between Ossassuna and Chelsea in the way they fight to win as I see Barca style of play with Arsenal. Real Madrid and Manchester United are both giants who recently lost their touch but who have a future looking brighter. I personally enjoyed watching Manchester v Arsenal last weekend. If Rooney keeps this up, he might claim another player of the month trophy. Still, the Premiership style of play is closer to the Bundesliga and La liga is closer to Serie A. One is more physical and the other is more technical. None the less, all are as entertaining.
5. Do you fancy Spain's chances in the World Cup? Could they do better than England?
Spain are the eternal underachievers. Always have the dream line-ups but never manage to go far. England, Italy, Argentina and Brazil are the 4 teams with decent chances of winning the World Cup.
6. How is English football perceived in Spain?
It might be just me but it would seem there are a lot more players from Spain playing in the English league. El Liverpool appears to field more Spanish players than Spanish teams do. English football is mostly seen as a rough, take no prisoner style of play. The opinion of the Spanish people I'm sure are no different from that of the rest of the world. It was widely perceived not so long ago that English football was just kicking the ball upfront and then hoping for a goal. However, recent times have proved this opinion to be outdated. Many English teams play attractive and well constructed football. An example being how Arsenal disposed of both Real Madrid and Juventus, who are arguably two of the best teams in the world.
7. If Barcelona could sign any English player who would it be?
There are many English players whom the Barca would wish to add to their collective. However, Frank Lampard, the Chelsea star, would top that list for he is already a favourite among the Culés. I do believe it would be an unrealistic target for Barca to land. If ever he would wish to play at Camp Nou, it would have to be either a choice of his own or the respective sides meeting again in the Champions League.
8. What are you're memories of Albert Ferrer who did so well for us?
I am not sure if I should be sad for him that he missed the quarter finals (2000) against Barca or feel lucky. He was a great defender and always gave a plus to whichever team he was playing for. We all have fond memories of him as a player and as a person for the contribution he made to the team.
9. Will Real Madrid give you a closer run next year?
Real Madrid always gives Barca a close run. At one point earlier this season, they were 1st and we were 6th. Next season, both teams start with 0 points again with 38 matches to play. Real Madrid will surely have a great coach and great players to bolster their squad. As much as I dislike them, they are a legendary team and all legendary teams have a phoenix gene which will allow them to rise again. Barca went half a decade without a major trophy. Those things are part of football after all it wouldn't have been so attractive a game if the very same team would win every season.
10. Do you expect Chelsea to win the Champions League in the next three years?
They certainly have the players capable of doing so. However, even for Barca, I can hope we win the Champions League but knowing of all the great teams in Europe vying for this cup, it will be very hard. We were favourites last season as well to win the Champions League but got knocked out by Chelsea. Thus, Chelsea fans shouldn't feel discouraged by the run of their team lately in the Champions League. Perseverance has always yielded the chances are however that Barca will meet Chelsea again... It somehow feels bound to happen at one point or the other.
Our thanks go to Voice of Reason for taking the time out to answer our ten question challenge. If you think youre up for it then simply contact us and well do the rest.
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4. | syed230183_chelseafc | 61 |
5. | Seabourch | 56 |
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Latest Results | ||||
Q.P.R. | 0 | - | 1 | Chelsea |
Chelsea | 2 | - | 1 | Stoke |
Hull City | 2 | - | 3 | Chelsea |
Chelsea | 1 | - | 1 | Southampton |
West Ham | 0 | - | 1 | Chelsea |
Chelsea | 1 | - | 1 | Burnley |
Team | P | W | D | L | GD | Pts |
1. Chelsea | 31 | 22 | 7 | 2 | +38 | 73 |
2. Arsenal | 32 | 20 | 6 | 6 | +31 | 66 |
3. Man Utd | 32 | 19 | 8 | 5 | +29 | 65 |
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A Change in Tradition
» West Ham : 18/04/2015 12:30:00
Cole`s Time to Shine!
» West Ham : 18/04/2015 12:20:01
Everton Vs Burnley Preview
» Everton : 18/04/2015 11:46:00
Liverpool Want Cech on Loan?
» Chelsea : 18/04/2015 10:44:00
Mata on Stamford Bridge Return
» Man Utd : 18/04/2015 10:22:00


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FANTASTIC DETAIL- saw this car at NNL WEST and I can tell you it is even better in person!
I do have some critique though- and that is the muffler-seems to be dangerously low and vulnerable to rocks- even if the kit came that way I would lift it up.
The dark green paint is also superb and a nice contrast to the Vanden -Plas body work. an inspirational build!
Hi Frank…….thank you so much for your kind comments………I have fixed the muffler since these pictures were taken and the NNL……..it looks allot better…….I will have to dig out a new photo to show you when i get a chance…….thanks


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True TSSU-60-12M-B-ADA - 60" Sandwich Salad Prep Table Holds 12, 1/6 Pans
Tested With
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Deus Ex SDK 1.1112fm patch
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Harris Theater
Seating Charts Find Tickets
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Unfortunately, we do not currently have
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205 E. Randolph St.Chicago, IL 60601
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Apple Earphones with Remote and Mic
As one of its daily deals, A4C offers the OEM Apple Earphones with Remote and Mic in White, model no. MB770G/B, for $5.49 with free shipping. That's a slight drop from our mention from last summer and the lowest total price we could find for an OEM set by $3. These earphones feature a 3.5mm connector, in-line microphone, and 3-button remote. Deal ends today.


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Updated Nov 22, 2013 - 7:13 pm
Phoenix sets new daily rainfall record
PHOENIX -- A new record for rainfall on Nov. 22 in Phoenix was set Friday, the National Weather Service said.
As of 4 p.m. Friday, Phoenix had received 1.22 inches of rain. The previous record for Nov. 22 was set in 1973, when a half-inch of rain fell.
The NWS said the record total is likely to rise as the Valley continued to receive rain.
Prior to Friday, the Phoenix Sky Harbor airport rain gauge hadn't measured any rain since Sept. 9. Rain began falling in the Valley Thursday night.
Thursday, Yuma broke a 129-year-old single-day mark with more than a third of an inch.
Northern Arizona was hit with snow Friday. Areas of Flagstaff reported receiving between one and four inches.


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Title of the LinkGEOserv - a German town locator / Ein Service um Städte in Deutschland zu finden
URL (address) for the Linkhttp://www.genealogienetz.de/misc/geoserv.html


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Austruy Surname Ancestry Results
Our indexes 1000-1999 include entries for the spelling 'austruy'. In the period you have requested, we have the following 1 record (displaying 1 to 1): Try these... austlius austmann austn austolo auston austone austorp australia austrar austre austreley austrey austria austriak austridge austrie austrin austrins austropp austros austry austtn austucarius austurc' austurcar' austurcarius austurciarius austwich austwick austwicke austwyk austwyke austy austyll austyn austyne austynman austynmore austynson ausuic These sample scans are from the original record. You will get scans of the full pages or articles where the surname you searched for has been found. Your web browser may prevent the sample windows from opening; in this case please change your browser settings to allow pop-up windows from this site. Want to be alerted about new results for this search? Subscribe to this web feed Research your ancestry, family history, genealogy and one-name study by direct access to original records and archives indexed by surname. |


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Morgan, 61, shot a 7-under 65 over the Palmer Course at Turtle Bay Resort. He chipped in for an eagle at the par-5 ninth and then eagled the par-5 12th with a 35-foot putt.
Morris Hatalsky was alone in second at 67 while Tom Kite and Bernhard Langer led a group at 68.
"It was really fun," Morgan said. "I got started and didn't think anything was going to happen. All of a sudden I made a couple and chipped in for eagle then made another birdie at 11 and made eagle at 12. So it was pretty fast and furious for a while."
Ben Crenshaw shot a 69 to share 10th place while defending champion Fred Funk shot a 70.
Funk won the event by 11 shots last year.


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The World's Largest Coalition of Nontheists and Nontheist Communities!
"A small crack appears In my diplomacy-dike. "By definition", I begin "Alternative Medicine", I continue "Has either not been proved to work, Or been proved not to work. You know what they call alternative medicine That's been proved to work? Medicine." — Tim Minchin
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Salvadorian Meat Dishes
this wiki
Category page
Browse All Salvadorian Recipes: Salvadorian Appetizers | Salvadorian Beverages | Salvadorian Soups | Salvadorian Salads | Salvadorian Vegetarian | Salvadorian Meat Dishes | Salvadorian Snacks | Salvadorian Desserts
The meat dishes are very numerous and based on all kinds of meat. Chicken is used for pollo encebollado (chicken with onions), pollo guisado con hongos (chicken with mushrooms) and sandwich de pollo. Beef is the base for meals like lomo entomatado and all the gilled steaks, like carne asada and meat pies, like pastel de carne or the salpicon (beef with tomatoes, chilies and cilantro. Carne asada is a traditional Mexican meal, enjoyed in all Latin countries and it is prepared with flank or skirt steak, oil, onion and oranges. There is a wide variety of seafood, like ceviche de camarones (with shrimp and lime), pescado empanizado (fish fillets) or pescado frito.
Pages in category "Salvadorian Meat Dishes"
The following 9 pages are in this category, out of 9 total.


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Credits & Info
- Uploaded
- Apr 10, 2011 | 1:02 PM EDT
- Underdog of the Week April 12, 2011
If you liked this, check these out!
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Log in to save your medals! Don't have an account? Create one for free!
Author Comments
Welcome to the series finale of Pyroscape!
If you haven't followed the story then check out the first two and grab their medals while your at it.
Pyroscape: http://www.newgrounds.com /portal/view/532626
Pyroscape 2: http://www.newgrounds.com /portal/view/536490
The story:
Nick wakes up in a world of fire hell. He manages to escape the terror for only a brief amount of time before he returns back to depths of the dorm room. Fro is awakened and comes to the rescue of his friend, or so he thinks. Now Nick and Corey must escape the dorm together. When the manage to make it outside they face a fierce enemy. With some quick "thinking" Nick and Corey defeat the enemy by knocking over a nearby water tower. Our adventure starts here. Good luck, you won't need it.
Rated 4.5 / 5 stars
yo man
nice work! i got a bit confused in the search but ultimately a really fun and funny game!
Thanks a lot for reviewing, and well, the thing with the search is that is a bit hilarous, thats why difficult :P
Rated 5 / 5 stars
this flash just blew my mind, it was so entrancing and mindblowing. i dont know how you guys did it but your work is amazing
Thanks, we did our best :P
Rated 5 / 5 stars
great work guys
It was really fun to watch/play this and looked like you guys had fun making it.
Nice beard by the way
lol, first one talking about corky beard hahaha
Rated 4 / 5 stars
The humor made it.
You don't often see interactive live action flashes here, so it's something refreshingly unique in that aspect. The combination of the cartoon-like drawings and the live action images/videos added to the humor, I think. I like how you represented the building being on fire by only using little flame images.
The storyline is also hilariously absurd. I liked the brain in the microwave and how in the first minigame, they were being chased by a cascade of water bottles. This all made it interminably amusing.
The actual gameplay could be improved some. In the shooting scene, I think it would be better, instead of the zombies all coming out of the same exact spot within each wave, if you varied where they popped out. As it is, all you have to do is hold your cursor in the same spot and fire.
The point and click scene didn't seem logical at all. I know that this isn't a very logical plot to start with, so that's understandable, but it just felt like I was clicking everywhere until something happened. Even if it's something absurd, I recommend making it more of a puzzle instead of simply how many places you can find until the car shows up.
Overall, it's a funny game and I enjoyed it.
Yes, the true is that we are like the vanguard of live action games like this one, so we are just testing how to play this, but we will do it better and better in future,
thanks a lot for reviewing :)
Rated 5 / 5 stars
Oh man..
I can so see this becoming a cult classic. Major points for the interactive story telling and the music fit pretty well. Awesome job. :)
Thansk a lot thatcomposerguy, And yes, we would really like to make something like a cult classic. And funandmore will feel very proud about the music opinion :P
Thanks for reviewing!
Best regards,
MonoFlauta :D


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- Age / Gender:
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Yeah, I'm a weird guy. Live with it.
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Favorite Movies
Lazer Cat Episode 1
Rated 4.1249 Stars
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Dad's Home
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Comedy - Original
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Music Video
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He doesn't have super powers...he's just super retarded.
Comedy - Original
Favorite Games
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Rotate the ring of cells to neutralise the barrage of coloured particles.
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Defend the planet from waves of alien invaders in this stylish tower defense game.
Strategy - Tower Defense
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If you thought the first one was hard, you ain't seen nothing yet!
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Create and combine magic gems, put them into your towers and destroy the monsters' horde!
Strategy - Tower Defense