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Kannada people
Total population | |||||||||||||||||||||
45 million (2010 census, only India)[1] | |||||||||||||||||||||
Regions with significant populations | |||||||||||||||||||||
India | 40 million[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Languages | |||||||||||||||||||||
Kannada | |||||||||||||||||||||
Religion | |||||||||||||||||||||
Hinduism • Islam • Christianity • Jainism |
The Kannadiga or now extinct anglicised form Canarese/Kanarese people, known as the Kannadiga[2] are the people who natively speak the Kannada language.[3] Kannadigas are mainly found in the state of Karnataka in India and in the neighboring states of Kerala, Maharashtra, Goa, Telengana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and National Capital Territory of Delhi. The English plural is Kanarese Kannadigas.
Early settlements[edit]
Settlement in Karnataka is found to be existent at least from the 2nd millennium BC as explored in Brahmagiri archaeological site near Chitradurga district, central Karnataka. Chandravalli exploration has revealed interaction of Roman and Chinese travelers around the 2nd and 3rd century BC.[4]
Kannadigas have built powerful empires and kingdoms with Kannada as the official language.[5] The language was once popular from Kaveri to Godavari as mentioned in the Kannada classic Kavirajamarga of 850 CE.[6] Archaeological evidences show Kannada inscriptions found as far north as Madhya Pradesh (Inscription of Krishna III) and Bihar.[7] The great Karnataka Expansion provides insights to kingdoms of northern India whose originators were from Kannada country.[8]
The major empires and kingdoms, their regal capital and most distinguished kings were:
- Western Ganga Dynasty - Talakadu - Durvinita
- Kadamba Dynasty - Banavasi - Mayurasharma (Mayuravarma)
- Badami Chalukya - Badami - Pulakesi II
- Rashtrakuta - Manyakheta - Amoghavarsha I
- Hoysala - Belur and Halebidu - Veera Ballala II
- Kalyani Chalukya - Basavakalyana - Vikramaditya VI
- Alupas of Canara - Udupi - Aluvarasa II
- Southern Kalachuri - Kalyani - Bijjala II
- Vijayanagara - Hampi - Hakka, Bukka
- Keladi Nayaka - Ikkeri - Shivappa Nayaka
- Kingdom of Mysore - Mysooru - Chamarajendra Wadiyar
Minor dynasties that have played an important role in the development of Kannada language, culture and polity were Chutus of Banavasi (feudatory to Satavahana Empire),[9][10] Tuluva Dynasty of Canara,[11] Rattas of Saundatti (Belgaum),[11] Guttas of Guttal (Dharwad region),[12] Banas of Kolar,[13] Nolambas of Nolambavadi,[14][15] Vaidumbas,[16][17] Chengalvas,[11] Kongalvas,[11] Sendrakas of Nagarkhanda (Banavasi province), Yalahanka Nadaprabhu,[18] Sindas of Yelburga (Bijapur-Gulbarga),[12] Kadamba of Hangal.[19]
In addition, other well known kingdoms that patronized Kannadiga poets and Kannada language were:
- Eastern Chalukyas[11]
- Kakatiya dynasty[11]
- Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri[20]
- Shilahara[11]
- Kadambas of Goa[21]
Immigrants from Karnataka[edit]
In addition to those empires that ruled from the Karnataka region, based on inscriptions and literary evidence historians have discussed the possibility that kingdoms of Kannada origin were established in other parts of India as well.
The Karnatak Kshatriyas of Bihar,[7][22] the Chalukyas of Gujarat,[23][24] the Chalukyas of Vengi (Eastern Chalukya),[23][25][26] the Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri,[27][28][29][30] the Rashtrakuta family ruling from Berar (modern Amravati district, Maharashtra),[31] the Rashtrakutas branch of Gujarat (Lata branch),[32][33] and the Sena dynasty of Bengal[34][35][36] are good examples.
Kannada art[edit]
Architecture and Sculpture has been the epitome of art in Karnataka. Be it the musical pillars of Hampi, which is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site,[37] the ekashila (monolithic) statue of Gommateshvara Bahubali that was voted by Indians as the first of Seven Wonders of India,[38] the Yelu Sutthina Kote of Chitradurga (The Fort of Seven Laps) cutting across hill or the wholesomeness of carvings of temples which bared down all desires to be left out of it and formless (above all forms) all encompassing — the inner garbhagrihas.[citation needed] The temples of Karnataka had in them many shaili or varieties to credit. A majority of the temples were built using the locally available stones.
Some of the places of interest are:
- Ellora Caves houses the Kailasanatha temple of Ellooru was built by the Rashtrakutas Dynasty and is declared as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO[37]
- Elephanta Caves island was a summer resort of Rashtrakuta kings.
- Ajanta Caves have sculptures of Rashrakutas and Badami Chalukyas.
- Hampi houses the ruins of the Vijayanagara Empire and is declared as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO[37]
- Pattadakal is a vesara style of Hindu temple architecture, a UNESCO World Heritage Site[39]
- Badami cave temples, a regal capital of the Badami Chalukyas, now famous for its sandstone cave temples[40]
- Aihole is known for its many temples[41] and inscriptions of Chalukya Pulakesi II in the Old Kannada script[42]
- Basavakalyan, a major centre of social and religious movement in the 12th century by Basava, consists of temples in Chalukyan architecture[43]
- Itagi is home to the Shiva temple built by Vikramāditya. Considered to be the best specimen of Kalyani Chalukyan art, it has as many as 68 decorated pillars, an ornate tower and a doorway of great workmanship[44]
- Lakkundi
- Belur
- Halebeedu
- Shravanabelagola
- Saumyakeshava Temple, Nagamangala
- Lakshminarayana Temple, Hosaholalu
- Mallikarjuna Temple, Basaralu
- Ikkeri
- Keladi
- Banavasi
Pioneer sculptors include:
Modern day contemporaries include visionary architects such as:
- Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya, father of modern Indian engineering, Kannambadi Katte or KRS dam
- Kengal Hanumanthaiah, Vidhana Soudha
Dasa Sahitya is the literature of Bhakti movement composed by devotees in honor of Lord Vishnu or one of his avatars. Dasa is literally "servant" in Kannada and sahitya is literature. Haridasas ("servants of God") were preachers of Bhakti to Vishnu. The bhakti literature of these Haridasas is collectively referred to as Dasa Sahitya. It is composed in the Kannada language.[45]
The Haridasas richly contributed to the heritage of Karntataka music.[45][46] They made an indelible impression on the religious and cultural life of Karnataka by spreading the didactic teachings in a musical form to the hearts of the common folk.[47] Like other doyens of Indian classical music, these scholars offered prayer to Vishnu through music, called naadopasana. The Lord is described as Samagana priya, and bhakti through music is the most preferred path to 'reach' Him.[48]
The Haridasa compositions are popularly known as Devaranamas. Compositions like Krishna Nee Begane Baaro, Venkatachala Nilayam, Jagadoddharana, Tamboori Meetidava are some of the many examples of their scholarly work.
Some noted Haridasas or composers of Dasa Sahitya are:
- Purandara Dasa, widely regarded as Karnataka Sangeeta Pitamaha or "Father of Carnatic music"[49]
- Kanaka Dasa, a younger contemporary of Purandara Dasa
- Sripadaraja
- Vyasatirtha
- Vadirajatirtha
- Jagannatha Dasa
- Jayatirtha
- Gopala Dasa
- Vijaya Dasa
- Naraharitirtha
One of the oldest forms of music in the region is Karnataka Shastreeya Sangeetha which has evolved over ages. Both Hindustani and Karnataka variations are respected and nurtured by Kannadigas. Bhavageete and Sugama Sangeetha are some innovations. Other forms of music include Gamaka,[50] Joogera Pada and Lavani.[51] Yakshagana is considered a unique and indigenous form of both music and dance of Karnataka.[52]
Contemporary musical thespians are:
- Pandit Bhimsen Joshi, recipient of the Bharat Ratna — India's highest civilian honor[53]
- Gangubai Hangal, awarded both Padma Bhushan and Padma Vibhushan in 1971 and 2002 respectively[54]
- C. Aswath, recipient of Karnataka Rajyotsava Prashasti for his immense contribution to Bhavageete[55]
- Veene Doraiswamy Iyengar
- Puttaraj Gawai
- Honnappa Bhagavathar
- P. Kalinga Rao
- Balappa Hukkeri
- Mallikarjuna Mansur
- Basavaraja Rajguru
- Veene Sheshanna
- T. Chowdiah
- Sawai Gandharva
- Kumar Gandharva
- Mysore Ananthaswamy
- Mysore Manjunath
- R.K.Shrikantan
- Vinayaka Torwi
Rangabhoomi or the theater culture is a tradition with Kannadigas. While a lot of gadhya (literature) is written in praise of the heroic characters of the epics and puranas, there are major works depicting the kings and their rule. These are called Naataka (plays having wide ranging stages for performance like Rangamancha staged in either theaters or on streets) and Bayalata (ಬಯಲಾಟ).[56] As its etymology indicates, bayalu means open-air field and ata means theater. In southern Karnataka, the eastern and western varieties of Yakshagana are termed Bayalata, whereas in the north several other distinct genres are included under the name.[57]
Harikathe which covers an entire night is another form where one (or more) person tells a story in an outstanding manner accompanied by music at background.[58] It is a common feature to narrate battles, stories, devotions or vratha in front of temples on auspicious days like Dasara and Maha Shivaratri.[59] Harikathe is a composite art form composed of story telling, poetry, music, drama, dance, and philosophy. Today, late-night Harikathe sessions are organized overseas where Kannadiga population is considerable.[60]
Vasanta Habba (ವಸಂತ ಹಬ್ಬ), which means "spring festival" in Kannada is a cultural festival organized by the Nrityagram foundation in Bengaluru. It is a very popular event and is considered the classical Woodstock of India.[61] First held in 1990, it now attracts the best musicians, dancers and cultural artists from across India.[62] Similarly,'Bengaluru Habba (ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು ಹಬ್ಬ is a congregation of art performances at places in the city which is successfully celebrated every year. It aims to provide aesthetic entertainment to a wide cultural, social and demographic cross-section of the city's people by partnering with corporates and other stakeholders since 2003.[63] In 2006, the Government of Karnataka tried to bring the folklore and art into the city of Bengaluru by initiating Jaanapada Jaatre (ಜಾನಪದ ಜಾತ್ರೆ) which was hugely successful and received well by art lovers. It is usually held on select weekends in Lalbagh and other parts of the city.[64]
Some famous theatrical, cinematic and television personalities like T P Kailasam, Gubbi Veeranna, C. Honappa Bhagavathar, G V Iyer, Dr. Rajkumar, V. Shantaram, Puttanna Kanagal, Kalpana, B. S. Ranga, B V Karanth, Girish Kasaravalli, Shankar Nag, T.S. Nagabharana, T N Seetharam have contributed for its richness.
Dance forms[edit]
The mystic and spirited reliving of legends and epics are the major depictions in dance forms. With the theater of battle scenes of heroism, loyalty and treachery, colour and pageantry are the main subjects. More are adapted with the course of nature and seasons adding colour to the harvesting seasons. Tribal forms of dance can be found limited in the regions inhabited by Soligas, of which Pinasee is a traditional dance form.[65] The people of Kodagu in the Western Ghats also have their own dance forms.
Some of the folk dances and classical dance forms in Karnataka include:
- Dollu Kunitha, a popular drum dance accompanied by singing
- Kamsale, danced to the tune of a rhythm instrument of the same name made of brass
- Veeragase, a vigorous dance based on Hindu mythology which is demonstrated at the Mysore Dasara procession
- Yakshagana is a musical theater popular in coastal and Malenadu regions of Karnataka
- Gaarudi Gombe, where dancers adorn themselves with giant doll-suits made of bamboo sticks
- Moodalapaya
- Bayalata featuring stories of Puranas rendered as dance
Kalaa Kshetras (the abode of art)[edit]
- Karnataka Chitrakala Parishat
- Chowdiah Memorial Hall
- Gaayana Samaja
- Ranga Shankara
- Nrithya Grama
- Ravindra Kalakshetra
- Gubbi Veeranna Rangamandira
- Janapada Loka
- Rangayana
- Ninasam
- Prabhat Kalavidaru
- Natya Maya[66]
- Sanathana Kalakshetra
Martial arts[edit]
The martial arts more prevalent in parts of North Karnataka with Garadi Mane present in every village and a head to train the youngsters into fit individuals. Kusthi, Malla Yuddha, Kathi Varase (which can be seen depicted in Veeragase and similar to sword fighting), Malla Kambha (gymnastics on a pole structure with/without rope) are some of the prominent arts practised.
The Mysore Odeyars arrange kaalaga or fights like Vajra Mushti during Dasara festival which is made less frightening these days as they are publicly staged. Rock lifting, Bull race, Kusthi, and Kabaddi are popular sports.[67]
Yogasana, Praanayama and health-related camps are very popular throughout the state and some of the best Yoga practitioners can be found here. Art of Living is one such organization immensely popular all over the world.
Kannadigas celebrate festivals throughout the year presenting the diverse culture and belief of the ethnicity. Festivals have varied reasons to celebrate.
- Agriculture: Upon onset of monsoon, sowing or harvest there are festivals celebrated like Chaandramana Ugaadi (marking of new year), Makara Sankranthi and Huttari.
- Monsoon: Dasara/Navarathri, Ayudha Puja
- Puraana: Maha Shivarathri, Varamahalakshmi Vrata, Bheemana Amavasye, Swarna Gowri Vratha, Ganesha Chaturthi, Naagara Panchami, Ratha Sapthami, Krishna Janmashtami, Rama Navami, Vijaya Dashami, Vaikunta Ekadashi, Naraka Chaturdashi, Bali Padyami and others.
In the countryside, a dana jaathre (livestock fair) is held which is a conglomeration of people where a local demigod is worshiped and a ratha or theru (chariots) are moved by the bhakthas and daasoha (free food) is arranged for the visitors.
North Karnataka has a unique blend of Hindu and Muslim brotherhood with people celebrating festivals in unison and exchanging goodwills owing to great revolutionary Shishunala Sharif and Guru Govinda Bhatta who had displayed their religious tolerance and spiritual unity of all religions.
Christmas is celebrated at large in Bengaluru and Mangalooru which host some of the oldest churches and educational institutions of the country. Buddha, Mahaveera, Shankara, Basavanna and Gandhi are remembered on their birth anniversaries.
The cuisine of Karnataka includes many vegetarian and non-vegetarian dishes. The varieties reflect influences from the food habits of many regions and communities from the three neighbouring South Indian states, as well as the state of Maharashtra to its north.
Some typical everyday dishes in Kannadiga homes include Bisi Bele Bath, Jolada Rotti, Ragi Rotti, Akki Rotti, Saaru, Huli, Davanagere Benne Dosa, Ragi mudde, Chitranna (lemon rice) and Uppittu. The famous masala dosa traces its origin to Udupi cuisine.[68] Plain and rave Idli, Mysore Masala Dosa and Maddur Vade are very popular in South Karnataka. Kadabu, a kind of rice dumplings, is a popular and ethnic food in South Malnad regions such as Sakaleshpura, Mudigere, Somwarapete, etc. and is consumed with huchellu (black sesame) chutney.
Among sweets, Mysore Pak, Dharwad Pedha, Chiroti, Belagavi Kunda are well known. Hurnagadab, Hurnaholige, Karadantu of Gokak and Amingarh, Shenga Holige and Sajka have origins in the Malnad region. Indis (chutneys) of Karnataka have a very distinct taste and flavour. Some popular ones include Shenga indi (groundnut), Agashi indi, Karal indi, Inichi indi and Mavina indi (mango). Similarly, Karnataka uppinakai (pickles) too are very distinct from the rest like Mavina thokku (fine mango pickles), Nimbekai uppinakai (lemon pickles), Tenga Mavina uppinakai (entire mango pickle), gaajri uppinkai (carrot pickle) and menshinikai uppinakai (chili pickle).
The costume of Kannada people varies from place to place. The Kannadiga male costume mainly include Panchey (often tied as Kachche) or Lungi (wrapping style depends on the region), Angi a traditional form of shirt and turban worn in Mysuru style or Dharwad style. Shalya is a piece of long cloth which is put on shoulder commonly seen in countryside. Many use Khadi in their clothing till date of which politicians are prominent ones.
Female costumes include Seere of which Ilakal Seere and Mysore silk are famous. Seere has variations of draping depending on regions like Kodagu, North and South Karnataka and Karavali. Young women in some parts of Karnataka traditionally wear the Davani. Kasuti is a form of embroidery work which is very popularly sought-after art on dress and costumes.
An Urban male costumes comprises a trouser, shirt and sandals while that of females include churidar and moderate heeled sandals. Jeans are popular among the youth, while new age Khadi/silk printed with art or emblem also find place.
Karnataka has the only village in the country which produces authentic Indian national flags according to manufacturing process and specifications for the flag are laid out by the Bureau of Indian Standards at Hubli.[69]
Kannada literature is filled with literary figures and pioneers all through. With an unbroken literary history of over a thousand years,[70] the excellence of Kannada literature continues into the present day: works of Kannada literature have received eight Jnanpith awards[71] and fifty-six Sahitya Akademi awards.
Pampa, Ranna and Ponna are considered as three jewels of Old Kannada (Halegannada). Janna was another notable poet of this genre.
Basavanna, Akka Mahadevi, Allama Prabhu, Madhvacharya, Vidyaranya, Harihara, Raghavanka, Kumara Vyasa, Sarvajna, Purandara Dasa, Kanaka Dasa, Shishunala Shareefa, Raghavendra Swami etc. were pioneers of Nadugannada. All these have been inviolved with social and cultural movements and hence this was the golden era of literature which brought about a renaissance in Kannada literature. They all had a characteristic naamankita (insignia) which would denote a power equaling a God in popular comparison. The literature saw the Vachana (said), Tattva (that-ness), Sharana (saviour [of God]), and Dasa (slave [to God]) padas (short poetries) reach the common man's ignorance into great depths leading to Siddhanta (philosophies).
Kuvempu, D. V. Gundappa, Da Ra Bendre, B. M. Srikantaiah, Masti Venkatesha Iyengar, Shivaram Karanth, V K Gokak, U R Ananthamurthy, P. Lankesh, Girish Karnad, G S Shivarudrappa, Gorur Ramaswamy Iyengar, Pu thi Narasimhachar, Chennavira Kanavi, Gopalakrishna Adiga, TaRaSu, A N Krishna Rao, Govinda Pai, S.L. Bhyrappa, Poornachandra Tejaswi, Thriveni, K. S. Nissar Ahmed, K.S. Narasimhaswamy, Chandrashekhara Kambara, Siddhaiah Puranik, G.P. Rajarathnam, T P Kailasam, Anupama Niranjana, M. K. Indira, Dodda Rangegowda etc. are popular literary figures. This period was amalgamation of literature works which crossed across boundaries under a vast roof encompassed by art and theatre fields. The literature works of Kannada in Navodaya is crowned with eight Jnanpith awards.[72]
Kannada Thantramsha or software is developed under Kuvempu University. There is a sizable open-source community based in Bengaluru.
Some of the contemporary active institutions of Kannada literature are
- Kannada Sahitya Parishat
- Academies operating as its wings include Tulu, Konkani, Kodava, and Urdu. A Byari academy is the latest academy opened in Karnataka.[73]
- Jaya Bharata Jananiya Tanujate
Kannada journalism[edit]
Mangaluru Samachara was the first Kannada news publication as early as 1843 by German missionary Hermann Mögling.[74]
List of a few major newspapers:
Contemporary popular Kannadigas[edit]
Spiritual leaders[edit]
- Sree Sree Dr.Shivakumara Maha Swamiji, Sri Siddaganga Math,Tumkur,Karnataka
- Sree Dr.Balagangadharanatha Swamiji, Sri Adichunchanagiri Maha Samsthana Math
- Sri Vishwesha Teertharu (Pejavara Shreegalavaru)
- Sree Siddharudha Swamiji, Siddaruda Math, Hubli
- Beerendra Keshava Tarakananda Puri
- Sree Dr.Veerendra Hegde, Dharmasthala
- Ravi Shankar, Art of Living
- Sri Sri Bharathi Theertha Swamigalu (Shankaracharya) Sringeri Dhakshnamanaya Peetam
Gandhian philosophers[edit]
- H. Narasimhaiah
- Kollur Mallappa
- B D Jatti - former president and vice president of India
- Mailara Mahadevappa
- Gudleppa Hallikeri
- Dore Swamy
Modern science and technology[edit]
Some of the distinguished scientists are
- Vishveshwariah - Sir MV was the genius who helped shape modern India. A Bharat Ratna recipient and a true engineering visionary.
- Raja Ramanna - Indian nuclear scientist and father of the Indian nuclear bomb.
- Dr. M.C. Modi - One of the greatest ophthalmologist of the world and an unparalleled humanist.
- C. N. R. Rao - One of the foremost solid state scientists of world. Also chairman of Science Advisory Council of GOI. Recently awarded with India's highest civilian award Bharat Ratna
- S. Shankar Sastry - Dean of the College of Engineering at the University of California, Berkeley.
- Vivek Murthy (age 36) is an American physician who has been nominated by U.S. President Barack Obama to serve as the 19th Surgeon General of the United States.
More prominently leading example of one who studied in Kannada medium and reached such heights.
- Narayan Hosmane - biochemistry and cancer research.
- Roddam Narasimha[75] - senior scientist IISc, chairman JNCASR.
- S. K. Shivkumar - scientist, ISRO telemetry (ISRO), associated with Chandrayaan-1
- C. R. Rao - statistics, mathematician.
- Shrinivas Kulkarni - professor of astrophysics and planetary science at Caltech, United States of America.
- Udipi Ramachandra Rao - Indian space scientist and father of the Indian modern space technology.
- K. N. Shankara - Indian space scientist and master in satellite payload technology.
- Shakuntala Devi - mathematics
Karnataka is one of the few states which, while a leading contributor for GDP of the country[76] and home for industries, has preserved its forests and wildlife. The evergreen Sahyadri and Western Ghats are home to protected Wildlife of Karnataka. The Kannadiga culture protects and balances Kaadu and Naadu as can be seen. Although seen scantly still the state enjoys the diversity owing to tribal sects of Soliga, Badaga, Jenu Kuruba, Hakki Pikki, Lambani and other inhabitants of forests. See Appiko Chaluvali.
Some noted environmentalists include
- Ullas Karanth (tiger research biologists/zoologist)
- Sanjay Gubbi
- S. R. Ramaswamy
- Nerain Jain
- D.V. Girish
- Chinnappa
- Saalumarada Thimmakka
- Suresh Heblikar
- Poornachandra Tejaswi (ornithologist / littérateur)
- Snake Shyam
- Krupakar-Senani
Current cricketers[edit]
Retired cricketers[edit]
- Anil Kumble
- Javagal Srinath
- Gundappa Vishwanath
- Vijay Bhardwaj
- Venkatesh Prasad
- B. Chandrashekhar
- E. A. S. Prasanna
- Roger Binny
- Sunil Joshi
- Syed Kirmani
- Sujith Somasunder
- Dodda Ganesh
- David Johnson
- Brijesh Patel
- Rahul Dravid
The Kannadiga culture[edit]
The Puranas describe the region as Kishkindha in the ages of Ramayana. There are also literary evidences for the region of Mysore called as Mahisha Mandala after a demon named Mahishasura. Parashurama and Hanumantha are some epic characters to be cited relating to place.
Punya Koti[edit]
One of the most prominently popular and acknowledged Jaanapada song is "Dharani mandala madhyadolage" which narrates an incidence between mother cow and an aggressive tiger in a country called Karnata
Karnataka as now can be viewed as a multicultural state — almost all the religions that can be found in India can be found here and there has been lot emigration as well due to which multi-ethnic diaspora can be seen. As the kingdoms provided a safe centres for development of all cultures we can see a huge diversities from region to region. Even the language and dialects varies from place to place. The language has evolved distinctly in both the backyard (folk/basic/prakrutha) and frontyard (refined and related to Samskrutha/Sankrit) of the culture.[citation needed] It can be said that the major works of Sanskrit have originated and continues to evolve here.[citation needed] Shringeri, Udupi are some of nerve centres. One of the leading examples include a village near Shivamogga where people speak only Sanskrit till date. Bengaluru has almost all language speakers of India.
One of the most acknowledged concept is to be a Vishwa Maanava or universal being. In Kuvempu's ideology this has a renowned explanation "Every Child is born as a Vishwa Maanava or a Universal Human. It is we who make him Alpa Maanava or Little Human by putting various constrictions of borders rituals and castes. It hence becomes responsibility of our culture to again make him a Universal Being unbound and free." The Kannadiga culture is known to provide shelter and self-respect to people by owning them and their culture.[citation needed] Two colonies for refugees from Tibet are formed, one near Mundgod and one near Kushalanagara, protecting them from Chinese atrocities. Karnataka has sheltered flood victims of northeastern India like Assam and provided them jobs. One of the easily seen diversity is the surnames which vary from hugely like some may involve names involving a Hindu and Muslim name or having a Hindu Christian name (more found in Mangalore) or even a Muslim Christian name. Hindu is normally considered a misnomer for Sanathana.
Karnataka and parts of Maharashtra are the only states which have diversity of including Malenadu Nithyaharidwarna — evergreen ghats and Bayaluseeme which have different ways of living in the same state.[citation needed] Not only this but it acts as a gateway to North and South Indian cultures. It may come as a surprise that Karnataka is next only to Rajasthan in India when it comes to area under arid land but still Southern Karnataka is referred to as Gandhada Gudi — temple of sandalwood found in its protected forests.[citation needed]
Political sphere[edit]
After the Odeyar era who already had established democracy by naming elected representative called Saamantha in southern regions as early as the 19th century, the 1947 partition brought a centre into being under democracy and Karnataka accepted a bicameral legislature. But this was a functionally a failure as there always has been a tug of war from centre and states to an extent that from the 1990s to 2010 there have always been different political parties operating at centre and state. North Karnataka had other problems of getting independence more from Nizams. So there were two spheres. Lack of will and coordination and constant fights have been hallmark of politics which has prevented a regional party/media from arising in the land. Kerala being a neighbour where hugely successful communist ideology in bringing up literacy levels has a backing here and a few naxalite outfits function in Karnataka.
Functional failure of all pillars of democracy even being upper riparian state can be clearly seen in the Kaveri River Water Dispute issue. The failure extended to bureaucracy and Karnataka reached the position of being fourth most corrupt state of India[77] due to political and bureaucratic lobby. Because of this, Lokayukta (see N. Venkatachala) was formed but could not get the required powers to deal with the powerful. In the field of press and journalism P. Lankesh and S. Gurumurthy[78] are some of the noted ones famous for their leftist affiliations.
Horanadu Kannadiga[edit]
Horanadu Kannadigas (or non-resident Kannadigas) are Kannadigas who have migrated to another state or country, people of Kannada origin born outside Karnataka, or people of Kannada origin who reside permanently outside of Karnataka. N R Narayana Murthy, speaking at the 2011 World Kannada Conference, opined that Kannadigas who move out of the state are respected everywhere.[79] Although the failure in political arena has reflected in the cultural isolation of emigrants, some of the successful functional bodies include Singara (Singapore),[80] Dehali Kannadiga (New Delhi), Mumbai Karnataka Sangha (Mumbai),[81] Mallige Kannada Balaga (Mauritius),[82] North America Vishwa Kannada Association (NAVIKA) and Association of Kannada Kootas of America (AKKA) in the USA have promoted cultural involvement[83] through events such as Kannadotsava.
Kannada Kannadiga Karnataka[edit]
During the period of British rule, state of Karnataka as it stands today did not exist. Areas that today comprise Karnataka were under as many as 20 different administrative units with the princely state of Mysore, Nizam's Hyderabad, the Bombay Presidency, the Madras Presidency and the territory of Kodagu being the most important ones. In effect, nearly two-thirds of what is now Karnataka fell outside the rule of the Wodeyar kings of Mysore. In addition the proposed state had six neighbours — Goa, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala — and all had Kannadigas in them.
What this meant for the Kannadigas in these regions was that they were reduced to linguistic minorities wherever they were. Kannadigas in the Hubli-Karnataka region for example, came under the rule of the Bombay presidency where Marathi was the official language. Those in the Hyderabad-Karnataka region came under the Nizam's rule where Urdu ruled.
It was in this backdrop that the movement that first started as a protest against linguistic oppression, soon morphed into one that began demanding a separate state be created consolidating all Kannada speaking regions. This was essentially a movement that was spearheaded by the poets, journalists and writers and was called the Ekikarana or 'Unification' movement. India gained independence in 1947. The joy of independence soon gave way to disappointment as the new government started dragging its feet on Karnataka Ekikarana movement. Kannada speaking areas now got grouped under five administrative units of the Bombay and Madras provinces, Kodagu, and the princely states of Mysore and Hyderabad. The Akhila Karnataka Ekikarana Parishat met in Kasargod and reiterated the demand for a separate state for Kannadigas.
The ratification in parliament of the recommendations of the Fazal Ali Committee brought joy to the Kannadiga population that now was merged under the state of Mysore.
On 1 November 1973, under Devaraj Urs as chief minister, Mysore state was renamed as Karnataka since it was felt that Karnataka was more 'inclusive' of all the other regions of Karnataka than the name Mysore.
Some of the active Kannada pro organisations include
- Karnataka Vidyavardhaka Sangha
- Karnataka Ekikarana Samithi
- Karnataka Rakshana Vedike
- Kannada Chalavali Vatal Paksha
Kannada ethnic flag[edit]
The Kannada ethnic flag is a banner with two horizontal stripes, yellow on top and red on the bottom.[84] The flag although neither officially declared nor represents any legendary empire but something which is accepted in recent times unofficially representing a symbol of welfare as turmeric (ಅರಿಶಿಣ) and kumkum (ಕುಂಕುಮ).
See also[edit]
- Kannada film industry
- Kannada language
- Kannada literature
- Kannada poetry
- Karnataka
- Karnataka literature
- List of people from Bangalore
- List of people from Karnataka
- List of people of North Karnataka
- North Karnataka
- Sanganakallu
- Siribhoovalaya - a unique literary work[85]
- ^ a b languagesgulper.com "based on three different estimates: (Gulper 2013), those of the Swedish encyclopedia Nationalencyklopedin (NE 2007), and those of the Ethnologue
- ^ Kannada masculine Kannaḍiga, feminine Kannaḍati, plural Kannaḍigaru
- ^ "Encyclopedia of World Cultures - Canarese, Kannadiga". Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ Chandravalli
- ^ Amaresh Dutta, pp. 141–142
- ^ a b Thapar (2003), p. 433
- ^ Kamath (2001), pp. 84, 90
- ^ Moraes (1931), p 4
- ^ Purava HaleGannada or Pre-old Kannada was the language of Banavasi in the early Christian era, the Satavahana and Kadamba eras (Wilks in Rice, B.L. (1897), p 490
- ^ a b c d e f g Narasimhacharya (1988), p 68
- ^ a b Cousens (1996), p15
- ^ Mahalingam in Adiga (2006), p 130
- ^ Adiga (2006), p. 134
- ^ Their territory included modern Tumkur, Chitradurga, Kolar, Bellary and Bangalore districts. Chopra et al. (2003), part 1, p. 163
- ^ Adiga (2006), p. 142
- ^ They were an Andhra dynasty who ruled over Kurnool, Cuddappah in the 10th century. There inscriptions are in Telugu and Kannada. Chopra et al. (2003), part 1, p. 163
- ^ Also known as the Kempegowda family, builders of modern Bangalore-Kamath (2001), pp. 240–241
- ^ Two coins of the Hangal Kadambas exist, one with the Kannada inscription Saarvadhari and other with Nakara. They are preserved in the Royal Asiatic Society and Indian Historical Research Institute, Mumbai - Moraes (1931), p 385
- ^ Kamath (2001), pp. 143-144
- ^ The coins of the Kadambas of Goa are unique in that they have alternate inscription of the king's name in Kannada and Devanagari in triplicate. This shows that the native vernacular of the Goa Kadambas was Kannada. Moraes (1931), p 384
- ^ Kamath (2001), p. 8
- ^ a b Altekar in Kamath (2001), p. 73
- ^ Altekar 1934, pp. 21–22
- ^ Keay (2000), p 170
- ^ The Eastern Chalukyas were originally of Kannada stock who later encouraged Telugu Dr. K.S.S. Seshan, University of Hyderabad. "APOnline-History of Andhra Pradesh-ancient period-Eastern Chalukyas". Revenue Department (Gazetteers), Government of Andhra Pradesh. Tata Consultancy Services. Retrieved 12 November 2006.
- ^ Shrinivas Ritti and A.V. Narasimha Murthy in Kamath 2001, p. 137
- ^ Seuna coins carry Kannada legends from the beginning of their rule (O.P. Varma in Kamath 2001, p. 137)
- ^ Masica, Colin P. (1991). "Subsequent Spread of Indo-Aryan". The Indo-Aryan Languages. Cambridge University Press. p. 45. ISBN 0-521-29944-6.
- ^ Majority of the Seuna inscriptions are in Kannada and during the formation of the kingdom, the Nasik-Ahamadnagar region (Seuna Desa) was a Kannada territory (Kamath 2001, p. 137)
- ^ A Kannada dynasty may have been created in Berar under the rule of Badami Chalukyas, (Altekar 1934, pp. 21–22)
- ^ The Gujarat Rashtrakutas signed even their Sanskrit records in Kannada because that was the language of the place of their origin (D.R. Bhandarkar in Kamath 2001, p 73)
- ^ The Gujarat Rashtrakutas would not have signed their inscriptions in Kannada language in far away Gujarat unless they were Kannadigas (Altekar 1934, pp 21–22)
- ^ B.P. Sinha in George E. Somers, Dynastic History Of Magadha, p. 214, Abhinav Publications, 1977, New Delhi, ISBN 81-7017-059-1
- ^ Sen (1999), p282
- ^ Majumdar, R. C. (1977), Ancient India, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, p. 320, New Delhi, ISBN 81-208-0436-8
- ^ a b c "Group of Monuments at Hampi/Hampei". World Heritage. Retrieved 20 December 2006.
- ^ "And India's 7 wonders". The Times of India. 5 August 2007.
- ^ The Chalukyan magnificence[dead link]
- ^ "Badami Cave Temple". Retrieved 2 March 2009.
- ^ "Aihole Temple relocation". The Hindu. 20 February 2007. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ "Message with Long Life: Indian Inscriptions". Dr. Jyotsna Kamat. Retrieved 5 May 2009.
- ^ "Basavakalyan getting facelift". Hindu.com. 8 August 2007. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ "Kalyani Chalukyan temples". Templenet. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ a b Haridasa Contribution to Kannada Literature
- ^ Nilakanta Sastri, K.A. (2002) [1955]. A history of South India from prehistoric times to the fall of Vijayanagar. New Delhi: Indian Branch, Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-560686-8.
- ^ Sharma, B.N.K (2000) [1981]. History of Dvaita school of Vedanta and its Literature. Bombay: Motilal Banarasidass. ISBN 81-208-1575-0.
- ^ OurKarnataka.com(OKC). "History of Karnataka - The Haridasa Movement". Ourkarnataka.com. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ "The Hindu Online". Hinduonnet.com. 10 February 2005. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ "Ornamentation in South Indian Music and the Violin By Gordon N. Swift" (PDF). Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ Thielemann, Selina (2000). The Music of South Asia. New Delhi: A. P. H. Publishing Corp. p. 521. ISBN 978-81-7648-057-4.
- ^ OurKarnataka.com(OKC). "YAKSHAGANA - The music of celestial beings". Ourkarnataka.com. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ "Bharat Ratna for Vocalist Pandit Bhimsen Joshi". Rediff. Retrieved 21 February 2009.
- ^ "Padma Awards". Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (India). Retrieved 16 May 2009.
- ^ "About C. Aswath". Caswath.com. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ Manohar Laxman Varadpande (1992). History of Indian theatre, Volume 2. Abhinav Publications. p. 311. ISBN 9788170172789.
- ^ "Karnataka Folk Theatre - Imitation of the Divine". Indiaprofile.com. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ Special Correspondent (20 June 2011). "Harikatha sapthaha from today". The Hindu. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ News, Express. "20,000 devotees to get together for Shivratri". Newindianexpress.com. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ Auckland Kannadigas enjoyed Harikathe on the occasion of 'Dasara'[dead link]
- ^ "Vasanthahabba from February 2". Online Edition of The Times of India, dated 2004-01-29 (The Times Internet Ltd). 29 January 2002. Retrieved 12 August 2007.
- ^ Kavita Mandana. "A spring in their step". Online Edition of The Deccan Herald, dated 2004-01-17. The Printers (Mysore) Private Ltd. Retrieved 12 August 2007.
- ^ "About Bengaluru Habba". Bengaluruhabba.co.in. 22 January 2012. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ Jaanapada Jaatre, The Hindu
- ^ Soliga welcome planned for Kalam, The Hindu
- ^ natyamaya.in
- ^ Details regarding Dasara Wrestling competition held in Mysore is provided by Shankar Bennur. "Dasara wrestling to offer 'thunder' bouts". Online Edition of The Deccan Herald, dated 2005-09-30. 2005, The Printers (Mysore) Private Ltd. Retrieved 4 April 2007.
- ^ a b Raja M - 'The dosa, like most other south Indian culinary exports, is often linked to Udupi, a small temple town in the state of Karnataka'. "India's new offering to curry Western flavor". Asia Times, 24 June 2004. Retrieved 23 August 2010.
- ^ "Karnataka Khadi Gramodyog Samyukta Sangh (Federation), Hubli". Khadifederation.com. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ "The living bard". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ : Prasad (19 September 2011). "ಡಾ. ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ ಕಂಬಾರರಿಗೆ ಜ್ಞಾನಪೀಠ ಪ್ರಶಸ್ತಿ". Thatskannada.oneindia.in. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ Jnanpith for Kambar, The Hindu
- ^ "Government establishes Beary Academy". The Hindu (Chennai, India). 25 August 2007.
- ^ Hermann Mögling's contribution to the Kannada literature is mentioned by Shrinivas Havanur. "Herr Kannada". Online Edition of The Deccan Herald 2004-01-18. 1999 The Printers (Mysore) Private Ltd. Retrieved 1 May 2007.
- ^ "Science centres planned at taluk and district levels". Hindu.com. 16 September 2005. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ "GDP contribution". Kar.nic.in. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ "Bureaucratic Corruption". Rediff.com. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ S Gurumurthy of The New Indian Express[dead link]
- ^ Belgaum, March 11, DHNS:. "NRN opens heart to Kannadigas". Deccanherald.com. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ Singara - Kannada Sangha (Singapore)[dead link]
- ^ "Karnataka Sangha Mumbai". Karnataka Sangha Mumbai. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ "Mallige Kannada Balaga: Spreading Fragrance of Karnataka in Mauritius". Daijiworld.com. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ TNN 5 January 2002, 11.05pm IST (5 January 2002). "AKKA to host world Kannada meet in US from September 2". Articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ "Kannada ethnic flag:". Flagspot.net. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ [1][dead link]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kannada people. |
- John Keay, History of India, 2000, Grove publications, New York, ISBN 0-8021-3797-0
- Suryanath U. Kamat, A Concise history of Karnataka from pre-historic times to the present, Jupiter books, MCC, Bangalore, 2001 (Reprinted 2002) OCLC: 7796041
- Dr. Romila Thapar, The Penguin History of Early India, From Origin to 1300 AD., 2003, Penguin, New Delhi, ISBN 0-14-302989-4
- Altekar, Anant Sadashiv (1934), The Rashtrakutas And Their Times; being a political, administrative, religious, social, economic and literary history of the Deccan during c. 750 AD to c. 1000 AD, Oriental Book Agency, Poona, OCLC 3793499
- K.A. Nilakanta Sastri, History of South India, From Prehistoric times to fall of Vijayanagar, 1955, OUP, New Delhi (Reprinted 2002), ISBN 0-19-560686-8
- R. Narasimhacharya, History of Kannada Literature, 1988, Asian Educational Services, New Delhi, Madras, 1988 ISBN 81-206-0303-6.
- Malini Adiga (2006), The Making of Southern Karnataka: Society, Polity and Culture in the early medieval period, AD 400-1030, Orient Longman, Chennai, ISBN 81-250-2912-5
- George M. Moraes (1931), The Kadamba Kula, A History of Ancient and Medieval Karnataka, Asian Educational Services, New Delhi, Madras, 1990 ISBN 81-206-0595-0
- Rice, B.L. [1897] (2001). Mysore Gazetteer Compiled for Government-vol 1. New Delhi, Madras: Asian Educational Services. ISBN 81-206-0977-8.
- Chopra P.N., Ravindran T.K., Subrahmanian N. (2003), History of South India (Ancient, Medieval and Modern), Chand publications, New Delhi ISBN 81-219-0153-7
- Cousens, Henry, (1926), The Chalukyan Architecture of Kanarese Distrcits, Archeological Survey of India, New Delhi, OCLC 37526233
- Sen, Sailendra Nath (1999) [1999]. Ancient Indian History and Civilization. New Age Publishers. ISBN 81-224-1198-3.


text:
Free RingtonesFree Mobile VideosFree Mobile ThemesFree Mobile GamesFree Mobile SoftwaresFree Mobile WallpapersFree Online GamesFree Wallpaper Creator
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Bumping Adventures is inspired by classic action-platform-puzzle Bumpy's Arcade Fantasy. The player has to collect items to...
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Category: Other GamesTags: Santa, Christmas, Holidays, teleportation, transporter, elves
Santa floats high above the Earth in Sleigh IV, his mobile North Pole Zeppelin. From this base, he uses matter teleportation te...
Horses Game
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Everyone loves horses.... complete the 6 puzzles here to see amazing pictures of horses
Dicey Mice
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Dicey Mice is a poker style dice game based on the ancient game Knucklebones. Easy and Fun for everyone, but getting top scores...
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Pick up the snowballs and aim for the skiiers as you try and hit everyone who passes. Time the throw
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This is an excellent shoot' em up adventure game where you walk around the area shooiting everyone y
Don't Shot Kenny
Category: Shooting GamesShoot everyone but Keeny - hopefully this will cheer Kenny up!

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Archive for the 'Countries: Latvia' Category
As the largest city in the Baltics, with a population of 800,000, some say the good things in Riga are particularly good and the bad things are particularly bad. That's to say, on the bright side, it seems to have the most vibrant nightlife by far in the Baltics. But, on the down side, it's also ...
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If someone had predicted right after the Baltic states regained independence that they would soon experience rapid growth and a notable rise in living standards, the guy would surely have been strapped into a white coat and carted straight off to the nearest funny farm. But, alas, that's what h...
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News Highlights from June 29—July 6, 1998
Ex-KGB need not apply to a wide range of jobs in Lithuania after the country's parliament passed a law imposing severe restrictions on where former agents of the Soviet secret police can work.
The bill, which the Seimas adopted by an overwhelming 68...
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Latvian President Guntis Ulmanis on November 3 named Vilis Kristopans as his candidate for prime minister, asking the centrist politician to begin forming a new government.
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The Community of Disc Golfers and About All Things Disc Golf
Time: April 11, 2010 all day
Location: The Ponds @ Lakeshore, Ypsilanti, Mi USA
Street: 2500 Lakeshore Blvd.
City/Town: Ypsilanti
Phone: 734-945-3915
Tournament Type: fundraiser
Organized By: Wicked Dyes
Latest Activity: Apr 10, 2010
Come on out for an all day disc golf event to help raise money for C.S. Mott Children's Hospital of Ann Arbor, Michigan. This is not a tournament but an event that consists of raising funds by getting pledges for holes played. The event will start at 8 am and will go till dark. Since this is not a tournament you are not required to play all day (but I hope you do). You can show up anytime during the day, register (turn in your pledge forms), and then leave when you are done playing (just drop off your score cards when done).
$5 ace pool with 50% pay out (other half goes to C,S. Mott Children's Hospital)
$2 jumbo tosses at random times during the day
$5 50/50 CTP on holes 4 and 15
Both ace pool and CTP are going to run all day. So if you show up at 8 am and get an ace right away you are going to have a chance to win more money as the day goes on. If more than one ace in the day the pool will be split. Other prizes possible to come.
If you would like to donate possible prizes to the event please contact me at firstname.lastname@example.com or 734-945-3915
throw 4 a cause flier.pdf
Pledge Form:
throw 4 a cause pledge sheet.pdf
Jumbo Toss Prizes:
Anonymous donation- Champion Katana
A3 Disc- 2 esp zones
Bluegill Disc Golf and Elf Discs- Pro- D Challenger Blue Gill Disc Golf stamp
Discraft Stickers (2 small buzzz, 1 large buzzz, 1 gold discraft, 1 white discraft)
Aluminum water bottle- 24 Chains
Bug Band Insect Repellent
Other Prizes:
Tupperware Consultant Mieka Kilcline- Tupperware gift bag worth $125
Welcome to
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text:
Effects of nitric oxide on human spermatozoa activity, fertilization and mouse embryonic development. | |
MedLine Citation:
PMID: 15204684 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of nitric oxide (NO) on human sperm activity, human sperm-oocyte fusion and mouse embryonic development. Results showed that various concentrations of NO synthase blocker, N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, did not affect sperm cell motility at 0, 1, 2 or 4 hr, respectively. In contrast, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) significantly inhibited sperm cell motility and caused apoptosis. The adversely dose-dependent effect was only observed if SNP was freshly prepared. Adenosine triphosphate reversed the hazardous effect of SNP on sperm activity/viability. Hemoglobin neutralized the adverse effect of SNP. In hemi-zona sperm fusion test, the number of sperm bound to the zona in the presence of 10(-4) M SNP was significantly less than the control group. SNP at 10(-4) M caused all mouse embryonic development arrest. 46% and 56% of zygote reached the blastocyst stage with the treatment of 10(-6) M and 10(-8) M SNP, respectively, while the control reached 70%. NO adversely affected human sperm activity, human sperm-zona binding and embryonic development. It would appear that high concentration of NO may potentially decrease fertility. |
T-P Wu; B-M Huang; H-C Tsai; M-C Lui; M-Y Liu |
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Publication Detail:
Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
Title: Archives of andrology Volume: 50 ISSN: 0148-5016 ISO Abbreviation: Arch. Androl. Publication Date: 2004 May-Jun |
Date Detail:
Created Date: 2004-06-18 Completed Date: 2004-11-23 Revised Date: 2006-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID: 7806755 Medline TA: Arch Androl Country: England |
Other Details:
Languages: eng Pagination: 173-9 Citation Subset: IM |
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sin-Lau Christian Hospital, Taiwan. |
Export Citation:
APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
MeSH Terms | |
Adenosine Triphosphate
pharmacology Animals Apoptosis / drug effects Embryonic Development / drug effects* Fertilization / drug effects* Humans Male Mice Nitric Oxide / metabolism* Nitroprusside / pharmacology Sperm Motility / drug effects Spermatozoa / metabolism* |
Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
10102-43-9/Nitric Oxide; 15078-28-1/Nitroprusside; 56-65-5/Adenosine Triphosphate |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Previous Document: Young's syndrome associated with situs inversus totalis.
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Home » Baseball NewsRiverRats race to winAugust 3, 2012 Richmond RiverRatsRichmond remains in control of its own destiny. The RiverRats are still in first place, still contending for a playoff spot and still powering their way to wins at McBride Stadium. Cody Campbell drove in three runs, Jordan Fortner homered and Richmond downed Slippery Rock 7-5 on Thursday night. The RiverRats are tied for first place with West Virginia, and are 1½ games ahead of Chillicothe as the Prospect League's East Division race winds down in the second half. West Virginia already has a playoff spot sewn up by virtue of winning the first half. "Our guys know it's a must-win every night," said Richmond manager Tyler Lairson. It turned into a RiverRat rally on this night. http://www.pal-item.com/article/20120802/SPORTS/308020015/RiverRats-race-win
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Maple Ridge Resort |
Cabin 8 & 9 "Loon Lookout & Wolves Den"Cabin 8 & 9 are the combined halves of a 2-level, 6 bedroom cabin. Together there are 6 bedrooms - two with a queen bed, two with a full-size bed, one with two single beds and 1 with twin bunks. There are two full kitchens (one with a dishwasher), two full bathrooms with tub and shower, two dining rooms, two living rooms, a lakeside walk-out patio and an upper level deck. This beautiful lakeside cabin offers wonderful views of the scenery and Hatch Lake. As a combined 6-bedroom cabin, this unit can sleep 16 guests. Cabin AmenitiesCabin 8-9 have satellite TVs & VCRs, complete kitchen appliances, microwaves, toasters & coffee makers, dishes, glasses & eating utensils, dish towels, dish cloths & dish soap, hot & cold running water, electric heat, bedding & pillows, ceiling fans, Weber grills and picnic tables, a patio and a deck with patio furniture, a fire-pit with furnished firewood, and your own fishing dock.Cribs & high-chairs are available, but please reserve them in advance. Please bring your own bath towels and toiletries. For Cabin Rates Click Here | For Reservations & Cabin Availability Click Here |
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College of Law
Florida Supreme Court Briefs and Opinions
Docket #65707 - The Florida Bar, Complainant, vs. Robert T. Clelland, Respondent. 457 So. 2d 1026; October 18, 1984.
Petition For Approval of Conditional Guilty Plea For Consent Judgment And Entry of Final Order of Discipline
Respondent's Conditional Guilty Plea For Consent Judgment
Florida State College of Law Library


text:
Meet Chad. He is 5' 7" tall and weighs 182 pounds. He is wearing size L.
Dr Doom Costume Hoodie
Product Sku: MARV337This product is no longer available for purchase and is part of our museum of the products that we used to sell.
- Victor von Doom was a scientific genius who was disfigured when one of his own inventions exploded in his face. He donned an iconic mask and became Dr. Doom. The full zip hood of this costume hoodie covers your face with the grill of the good Doctor. IGN's list of the Top 100 Comic Book Villains of All Time ranked Doom as #3. Dr. Doom is so popular that he has been a recurring character in several Marvel publications.
Size Width (A) Length (B) Small 20"
(69cm)Medium 21.5"
(70cm)Large 23"
(75cm)XL 23.5"
(79cm)2XL 26.5"
(79cm)*Measurements are listed in US Inches.
*Bust or chest is done by doubling the width measurement.
*For full circumference of the waistline, double the waist measurement. - • Product Type: Hoodies
• Vendor: Mad Engine
• Product is Discontinued
• Color: Green
• Gender: Mens
• Graphic: Screen Print
• Tag Location: Tagged
• Made of: 60% Cotton/40% Polyester
• Fits like: True To Size
• Fabric Softness: Standard


text:
Most P2P games see much more success when going F2P (see: Tera, Aion)
Currently playing: FFXIV (Elucifer Arclight, Leviathan server), LoL (Trash Tier Waifu, NA server), SMITE (Zacewing)
That's not quite accurate, specially if you played the ones you put as an example when they were P2P. Fact is, some games want to be P2P when their quality won't be able to provide the players enough to keep playing the game...even more if you have to pay for it. Still, Aion was very populated for a few months at the release, Tera not so much a few months later but it was populated.
Nothing is free...but not everything is worthy of a monthly fee. Games with way above F2P quality which still fail to provide decent content and fixes within a reasonable period of time so in the end they have to go F2P because they know they'll be at the top list of the F2P market. I remember Aion didn't apply a single "patch" for about 8 months when it released...that's a very long period of time considering the content within the game wasn't that "enjoyable" for such period of time. And the patch they introduced after those 8 months was just a "minor" one that didn't add much to the game for a long time.
And Tera...well...it was quite a crappy release to be honest. Content/features not making it for the release (not anytime soon either), and a lot of crap going on, specially on the so shitty Frogster EU version (now called "Gameforge"). You couldn't expect the publisher of Runes of Magic to do anything good with a so called "AAA" title.
Wildstar? Same thing...I never expected it to be good, so I didn't even buy it. I'm done purchasing more "AAA" P2P releases unless they try to sell me the real deal instead of smoke.
Some Stories Are Just Way Better In My Head!
Bought it played actively for 2-3 days, ran into not one single other player.
I even googled around for which server had a high population and went with the highest.
By no other player I mean nobody interacted back to me, I saw no chatting occurring, and for the most part even those drone players weren't even around. combine that with the fact that after 2-3 hours of playing the game would shit itself and require me to close it, the god awful UI, the terrible optimization, and the telegraphed attacks and it just wasn't mind type of game. Wish they offered a refund system like Guild Wars 2
Twitch: http://www.twitch.tv/daeoc
Come and stop by sometime, I stream mainly JRPGs, WRPGs, Shooters, Horror, MMOs, and MOBAs. Currently, the focus is on JRPGs with a mixed bag of everything else.
Current Games:
Guild Wars 2 - NA - Fort Aspenwood {Deadfire}
GTA 5 - PS4 - Vinn101
Dragonball Xenoverse - PS4 - TBA
Waiting for:
GTA 5 PC (Pre-Ordered)
Everquest Next
The Division - PS4
It always takes 2-3 months for the hype train to crash. And then people realise the game isnt actually any good at all. Since they've burned out of content, and it doesnt have anything worthwhile to do. I already knew that in the free beta tests I played. Never subbed. But...still better then FFXIV lol.
Last edited by Beatrix23; 08-20-2014 at 11:38 AM.
Wild is so overrated to me its not even funny. Nothing about that game is special
I'm enjoying watching history repeat... Going to love the game while I can before the crowds rush back to WildStar in the future when its business model changes. You might say you'll be coming back En Masse.
Id rather risk confusing some people than disappointing them. - Mark Jacobs
Innovation is now having games play themselves? I don't want to live on this planet anymore. - Blackomen
Follow my writing team at OnRPG.
Currently Playing: SMITE, Elsword
History: FFXIV, Lost Saga, Prime World, Path of Exile, League of Legends, Wizardry Online, The Secret World, TERA, Planetside 2, C9, Dragon Nest, Forsaken World, Dungeon Defenders, Realm of the Titans, Eden Eternal, Vindictus, Champions Online, PockieNinja, Black Prophecy, Warhammer, Perfect World, Maplestory, Guild Wars, Anarchy Online, Ragnarok.
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text:
Released: Mar 05th, 2008
Running Time: 181 Min.
Director: Tina Tyler
Company: Mercenary Pictures
DVD Extras: Fetish Menus, Still Gallery(ies), Trailer(s)
Jon Jon, Loona Lux, Daphne Rosen, Mr. Marcus, Aiden Starr, Lexington Steele, Eric Price, Shannon Kelly, Marco Banderas, Lauren Vaugn
Critical Rating: AAAA
Genre: Gonzo
Almost as good, however, is Aiden Starr's non-anal performance, keepin Mr. Marcus' and Jon Jon's cocks in her pussy or mouth throughout ... except when screaming (or whimpering) with pleasure.
But we don't mean to exclude the other three hotties featured here. Redheaded Shannon Kelly does excellent ass work, while Daphne Rosen uses her huge tits to great advantage, and newbie Lauren Vaugn's multi-positional performance is also pleasing to the eye.
Retailing: These women will do almost anything ... and that's a porn fan's dream!


text:
Coldenham, New York FFs battle 2 Alarm House Fire
At around 11:30 am on Sunday June 24 the Coldenham Fire Department was alerted for a house fire on Rt 17K opposite the East Coldenham School. Incident Command 2nd Asst Chief Walt Miller was advised by dispatch of multiple calls and viewed a large plume of black smoke in the sky, he immediately requested a 2nd alarm.
2nd Asst Chief Miller arrived on scene and reported a large vacant 2.5 story frame with heavy fire on the 2nd floor and through the roof. An exterior attack was immediately ordered and Winona Lake TK-325 along with Coldenham TK-205 both set up for master stream operations. Numerous handlines were also placed in service and the fire was under control in about 90 minutes.
Assisting Coldenham on scene were units from Orange Lake, Winona Lake, Maybrook, Montgomery, Stewart Air Guard, City of Newburgh, Town of Montgomery Ambulance, Mobile Life Support Services Rehab Unit and the Town of Newburgh Police. The cause of the fire which heavily damaged the home is under investigation by the Town of Newburgh PD.


text:
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9:30 Club, Washington, D.C. Richie Downs for the 9:30 Club
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June 9, 2012 |
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text:
WASHINGTON, D.C. – The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and NASA will hold a news conference at 11 a.m. EDT, Monday, July 23, to highlight the accomplishments of the world's longest-running Earth-observing satellite program — Landsat. The briefing to be held at the Newseum in Washington, DC, will feature extensive imagery of our changing planet as well as chronological imagery and descriptions of selected U.S. landscapes.
In cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) and its science agency, USGS, NASA launched the first Landsat satellite on July 23, 1972. The resulting 40-year archive of Earth observations from the Landsat fleet forms an impartial, comprehensive, and easily accessed register of human and natural changes on the land. This information supports the improvement of human and environmental health, biodiversity, energy and water management, urban planning, disaster recovery and crop monitoring.
During the briefing, NASA and USGS will announce the 10 most significant images from the Landsat record; the U.S. regions selected for the "My American Landscape" contest showing local environmental changes; and the top five Landsat "Earth As Art" images selected in an online poll.
Who: | Anne Castle, DOI Assistant Secretary for Water and Science, Washington Waleed Abdalati, Chief Scientist, NASA Headquarters, Washington Jeff Masek, NASA Landsat Project Scientist, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD Tom Loveland, USGS Senior Scientist, USGS-EROS, Sioux Falls, SD Jim Irons, Landsat Data Continuity Mission Project Scientist, Goddard Center, Greenbelt, MD Roger Auch, Research Geographer, USGS-EROS, Sioux Falls, SD |
Where: | Newseum 555 Pennsylvania Ave. NW Washington, DC |
When: | Monday, July 23; 11 a.m. – 12:30 p.m. EDT |
Registration is required. Media may ask questions of the panelists during the briefing. Due to limited space and building security, reporters who want to attend the briefing must send their name, affiliation and telephone number to Steve Cole no later than 4 p.m. EDT, July 20. Reporters unable to attend the briefing in person can ask questions during the event via Twitter using the hashtag #asknasa. NASA Television and the NASA website will provide live briefing coverage.
Visit NASA TV for more information.
The Landsat program is jointly managed by NASA and DOI/USGS. NASA is preparing to launch the next Landsat satellite in February 2013. For more information about the Landsat program, visit the USGS Landsat Missions website and NASA's Landsat website.


text:
Chicken pox vaccine OK for children with kidney disease
...h the vaccine, and seven patients reported mild to moderate redness or soreness at the site of injection. Over three years of follow-up, researchers report each child including 16 children who received kidney transplants following vaccination maintained the varicella antibody, and 87 percent retained antibo...Could an anti-marijuana compound hold the key to body weight and appetite control?
...ology Rodents were fed a high fat diet to develop moderate obesity with an increase in energy intake and in insulin resistance. The objectives were to examine the effect of a chronic SR141716 treatment was investigated in C57BL/6 DIO mice, with emphasis on changes in food intake. The most effective dose test...Supervised exercise program is an effective remedy for cramping leg pain
...alled claudication, should walk until they reach a moderate level of leg pain and then continue for several minutes," says Kerry J. Stewart, Ed.D., Hopkins' director of clinical exercise physiology and lead author of the study. "After a few minutes of rest, the walking should be resumed, and this cycle shoul...Science picksLeads, feeds and story seeds (December 2002)
...ion Americans in 39 states who live in cities with moderate to high risk from earthquakes. USGS scientists and their partner colleagues have just revised and updated the national seismic hazard maps that provide information essential to seismic design provisions of building codes in the United States. This ...New theory explains economic growth in terms of evolutionary biology
...iological viewpoint moderately fertile (men with a moderate sperm count), and who were therefore induced by nature to invest more in the quality of their offspring had an evolutionary advantage over highly fertile individuals," Galor said. This would suggest that sperm count has declined in the last thousands...Moderate alcohol consumption during pregnancy is risky too
...ncy. New rodent research is the first to show that moderate drinking during pregnancy can also cause both beha...king. However, increasing evidence indicates that moderate drinking during pregnancy may also cause problems, albeit more subtle, long-term cognitive impairmen...Imaging study provides new information on how the brain processes sounds of different tones
...asing rate produced an increase in amplitude and a moderate change in waveshape at higher rates (from sustained to one showing a moderate peak just after train onset). In auditory cortex, amplitude changed somewhat with rate, but a far...Fosrenol (TM) reduces damaging high levels of phosphate in end-stage kidney disease patients
...lar in both treatment groups and most were mild to moderate in severity. The most frequently reported side effects were nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and constipation, which are common among all phosphate binding therapies. The patients initially enrolled in this trial for 20 weeks, but Hutchison is continuing...McLean Hospital and Repligen announce results of brain imaging study of secretin
...26 patients aged 3 years to 6 years 11 months with moderate to severe symptoms of autism and gastrointestinal disorders. The primary finding of the Phase 2 clinical trial was that younger children, 3 and 4 year olds, showed improvements in reciprocal social interaction as judged by a standardized clinical in...Physics tip sheet #29 October 23, 2002
...finishes up in the opposite compartment to that in moderate shaking. (See the pictures in the paper for a clearer idea!) The authors of the paper also develop the theory that accurately predicts this behavior. Journal article: Available on requestImages: Photos of candy being sorted available 6) Tetris is ha...New findings reconfirm toxicity of Pfiesteria cultures
... a few days the culture was killing fish at low to moderate cell densities of 800-5000 cells per milliliter. Fish died at comparable rates when exposed to the known toxic strain, but all control fish remained healthy. "With the nontoxic control strain, even at very high densities of 40,000 cells per millilite...Oncologists evaluate Chinese herbal medicine
...ore people for the study. Early results indicate a moderate reduction in symptoms such as nausea, vomiting or loss of appetite, although the comparative data will not be available until completion of trial. "We have already demonstrated the feasibility of capturing the information from clinical research on ...Light to moderate drinking during pregnancy can affect adolescent growth
...It is important to assess the effects of light and moderate exposure on the long-term development of these exposed individuals."...Linking alcohol drinking patterns to specific genes
...les and performed a combined analysis. "There is a moderate level of novelty to the overall approach used in this study," said Kenneth Kendler, Banks Distinguished Professor of Psychiatry and professor of human genetics at Virginia Commonwealth University. "Instead of taking categorical diagnoses, which have...Maternal alcohol use during pregnancy may increase offsprings breast cancer risk
Boston, MA (October 15, 2002) Women who drink moderate to high quantities of alcohol during pregnancy cou...tudy. This study involved feeding pregnant rats moderate and high amounts of alcohol during pregnancy. The exposures increased pregnancy estrogen levels, bu...The role of obesity and calories in cancer prevention
...ive in this model, and have recently observed that moderate treadmill exercise (about 30 minutes for five days a week) reduces fat mass and increases bone mineral density. Method of Dieting May Play a Role in Prevention of Breast Cancer A healthy diet combined with periods of calorie restriction may pr...Eczema patients lack natural antibiotic in skin
..., known as LL-37 and HBD-2, in eight patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis, 11 psoriasis patients, and six healthy individuals. Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease, whose patients rarely suffer skin infections. Microscopic examination of skin samples showed significant amounts of the peptid...Nutrition and exercise boost effectiveness of flu shot in older people
...niversity found that, among older adults, regular, moderate to vigorous exercise was associated with improved immune response (higher antibody titer) to the influenza vaccine. The Iowa State University researchers cautioned that in the vaccination study, limited or low intensity exercise did not affect immune...Actonel significantly reduced moderate and severe vertebral fractures
...ronate sodium tablets) daily significantly reduced moderate and severe vertebral fracture risk by 70 percent w...e of this analysis was to compare the incidence of moderate or severe vertebral fracture at one year in women who received Actonel or placebo. Fracture severit...Early evaluation critical for kidney disease patients' survival
...imately 8 million people in the United States have moderate kidney disease, and another 300,000 have end-stage renal disease (ESRD), Powe says. Annual U.S. spending related to treatment of ESRD exceeds $15 billion. The patient population studied was 55 percent male, 28 percent black and 65 percent younger t...


text:
'Til Death
Updated 2 years ago TBD Single Player PlatformerIf you're reading this it's already too late for me. I couldn't stay here, with all the noise. It's deafening... maddening. People crying out for help...
In 2009, four college students got together with a collective mission, a mission to reinvent the classic game genre. By combining in-depth storytelling and a unique art style with classic style game play it is BSG's goal to show that there is more to games than just graphics and physics engines. Take a step back and think about how you fell in love with games in the first place. It wasn't the graphics and it wasn't the eye-popping special effects. It was the game play and experience. Our mission is to change the way we look at games in today's world. Games are so much more than a way to kill time. They are an experience and it is our goal to make it an experience that you will remember for years to come. Games are something to get lost in and a way to express yourself. Every game you choose to play will say something about you as a person. What will our game say about you?
If you're reading this it's already too late for me. I couldn't stay here, with all the noise. It's deafening... maddening. People crying out for help...
Ballistick is an homage to the stick figure flash videos of the early 2000's. It combines tactical realism and over-the-top violence to capture the absurdity...
Every millennium, a hero must arise to face a challenge so unprecedented that his story goes down as legend. This is not that hero. Meet John Q Averageman...
Latest tweets from @bomb_shelter
Bomb Shelter Games is gearing up to release their new title in January 2015. Stay tuned for more details about "... T.co
Oct 23 2014, 10:25pm
RT @LittleWorldsInt: We are SUPER thrilled to announce that The Counting Kingdom was selected as part of the PAX 10 at this year's PAX... h…
Jul 28 2014, 8:32pm
Developer Diary #2 is live, featuring art director Bennett Tyler talking about how Ballistick is animated!... T.co
Jul 19 2014, 6:58pm
New Ballistick videos are out! Listen to our Producer, Owen talk about where Bomb Shelter Games has come from... T.co
Jul 4 2014, 3:18pm
Check out the guided walk-through of our proof of concept for our upcoming title, Ballistick. It's narrated by... T.co
Jun 28 2014, 11:13pm
The BSG team just submitted out game "Ballistick" to Boston Festival of Indie Games wish us luck! Ballistick is... T.co
Jun 20 2014, 12:56pm
Just sent in our game "Ballistick" to @BostonFIG! Fingers crossed. Special thanks to the volunteers who run this thing! They don't get paid.
Jun 20 2014, 12:41pm
@BostonFIG Having a bit of trouble with the Event Brite page. Sent you all a contact form. Thanks!
Jun 20 2014, 12:25am
We've got a new team member and a new summer goal. It's crunch time to get our latest demo ready for the Boston... T.co
Jun 2 2014, 8:26am
It's crunch time to get our new demo into @BostonFIG keep an eye out for more info on our next title.
Jun 2 2014, 8:18am
Promote Bomb Shelter Games on your homepage or blog by selecting a button and using the embed code provided (more).


text: I worked for years as a qualitative researcher. One day I got a calling to become a drug and alcohol counselor and although I wasn't an addict and couldn't understand addiction on that level, I decided to follow my calling. I started with a small group of addicts and one of them asked me how I could possibly relate. I replied "It's not about being an addict, recovery is about learning how to live life." That was ten years ago and I still work as a counselor today.


text:
Legislation which would attempt to institute efficiencies in the unemployment insurance system that would benefit laid-off workers and employers alike, while protecting those in dire financial circumstances from abuses that have recently come to light, was approved by the state Senate Labor Committee Thursday.
Senate Majority Leader Barbara Buono (D-Middlesex) said the bill (S-1968) was prompted, in part, by a recent report in the New York Times highlighting the deceptive and deliberately protracted practices employed by the Talx Corp., which handles roughly 30 percent of the nation's jobless claims, including many of the largest employers, such as Wal-Mart, AT&T, Tyson's Foods, Marriot and McDonald's. The company has been accused of intentionally trying to prevent the unemployed from collecting benefits.
"In this economy, unemployment benefits are the only thing keeping many people from financial ruin," Buono said. "It's truly disturbing to hear about games being played with people's lives. Losing a job is devastating enough, but to then lose the safety net that you have paid into for years is even more devastating. If somebody has to fight endless appeals for their benefits, it could mean the difference between staying in their home or losing their house; paying the utility bill or going without heat; feeding their children or going to bed hungry."
"Talx has a significant presence in New Jersey and that will only increase if the governor moves forward with his plans to lay off 1,300 state workers next year, Sen. Fred H. Madden (D-Camden) said. " It's important that we pull these agents out from the shadows and make them more accountable. Unemployment, in and of itself, takes a deep toll on laid off workers. The last thing someone in this situation needs is the additional anguish caused by the intentional denying or delaying of their benefits."
Buono and Madden are the bill's sponsors.
TALX currently represents 5,536 New Jersey private employers on unemployment insurance matters, almost half of all of New Jersey employers represented by such companies.
Furthermore, Buono said she recently discovered that Talx is contracted by the state to collect wage data on state employees, monitor unemployment insurance claim charges and assist the state in hearings regarding disputed claims. The arrangement is stipulated by budget language, which requires that a third party administrator be contracted to manage unemployment insurance benefit claims.
In order to limit the ability of companies like Talx to operate under the radar and cause headaches for laid-off workers, the bill would require authorized agents to register with the state Division of Unemployment and Temporary Disability Insurance.. The bill also sets forth regulations for the division to carry out that will more clearly define the steps involved in the appeals process and curb abusive delays. The bill would also double the amount of time that both employers and claimants have to appeal determinations, extending the window from 10 to 20 days. This extension would give both parties involved more time to assess determinations and less of a need to seek delays.
Lastly, the bill would grant laid-off workers a waiver from repaying any overpayment in benefits that was found to be of no fault of their own. In many cases, an employer or their authorized agent fails to submit information required under the unemployment insurance law and then appeals only after a benefit determination is made, sometimes a full year or more after benefit payments commenced, meaning a laid-off worker could owe sizeable back wages through no fault of their own.
The bill would make New Jersey just the fourth state to enact similar legislation to curb abuses in the UI system. At least two other states have also taken administrative action against TALX.
The measure moves to the full Senate for approval.
— TOM HESTER SR., NEWJERSEYNEWSROOM.COM


text:
Everything happens for a reason
Posted by Sabina Brave
Have a wonderful weekend friends! Stay positive. :)
About Sabina Brave
special & unique, one in a million ;) theraphist and writer passionate with human nature.Posted on April 26, 2012, in I couldn't say it better, My Blogs and tagged learning, life, love, people, positive attitude, positive thinking, possitive energy, relationships, self-knowledge and self-acceptance, wisdom, woman and man. Bookmark the permalink. 33 Comments.
I look forward to that day, but for now I will do the latter as best as I can!….Great advice!
Hugs ♥-
I click on "Alt," then then quickly afterwards, the "3"
You try it.
Hugs ♥-
I have to try more, bcos it still doesnt work…
Hugs <3 -
I had to practice about a dozen times before I got it right. You just have to keep doing it till you find the right timing. Also try clicking both at the same time, which was the original instructions that I got, but both at same time don't work on my laptop….so I click one after the other very, very quickly.
Keep trying….I know you'll get it!
Hugs ♥
I sure hope so…
because I'm almost always confused, you know! ;) -
Androgoth | April 27, 2012 at 12:51 am
Right the lesson for this evening is not to get confused about anything at all, of course if there is a mention of party hats and something to do with Fraz on his private island, then that could be confusing, being that we are all looking for his stash of pancakes, wine gums, spam and of course his hoard of yummy chocolate, other than that there is absolutely nothing to be getting confused about and as everything happens for a reason I think it is your turn to put the kettle on, we could all do with a nice cup of coffee and some of your baking :) ;)
Have a lovely Friday Sabina :)
Androgoth XXx
I think I've got to visit Fraz's island soon, as I'm all out of pancakes at the beach house. I didn't realize Fraz was hoarding them!
Here is very nice weather, so I started thinking about some relax on Fraz's Island too :) I'll take some cakes, bakes, and lots of chocolate there, so don't worry :)
Androgoth | April 29, 2012 at 11:05 pm
Yes don't forget the chocolate or your swimming costume :)
Androgoth XXx
I have to go to sleep. Please, don't mind.
Have a nice rest of the evening Andro :)
Androgoth | April 29, 2012 at 11:04 pm
Fraz always enjoys stashing his pancakes out of sight :)
Androgoth | April 29, 2012 at 11:15 pm
Yes he is always munching
on a nice big pancake or ten :)Androgoth XXx
It's good idea, coffee, brownie, and some cake from biscuits and lots of jelly, and maybe some peaches. :) Hm, I'm hungry now.
Have a lovely Friday Andro :)
Androgoth | April 29, 2012 at 11:04 pm
Yes but peaches with ice cream I think :) ;)
Androgoth XXx
Hm, they are inside of cake, under jelly :) But for you they can be with ice cream ;)
Androgoth | April 29, 2012 at 11:12 pm
Hey I like lots of different combinations
and even ice cream and cake, you need
to try that sometime but it tastes nicer
with vanilla ice cream :) MmmmmmmmAndrogoth XXx
Yes everything Happens for a reason, although its not always clear at the time what that reason is… Its only later we maybe look back on our lives and see we needed to go through it in order to learn from it so that it strengthened us..
Wishing you a Very Good Weekend Sabina…Love and Blessings sent you way my friend..
Keep smiling. you have EVERY REASON to…. for you give so much to others… Hugs xxx-
Yes, we often ask:"Why me?", when things are going wrong, but later we realise, that it was for good, to prepare us for the best things in life. :)
Have a wonderful weekend Sue. Thank you for your so nice words :)
Love and blessings.
You have a pleasant optimistic insight about life :]
Thank you, I'm trying my best :) Life just thought me, that being positive helps a lot in life.


text:
Simulation-based approach for the accurate fabrication of blazed grating structures by FIB
Optics Express, Vol. 15, Issue 15, pp. 9444-9449 (2007)
Enhanced HTML Acrobat PDF (255 KB)
Accurate direct fabrication of diffractive gratings is an important task in optical engineering. Several methods have been reported to realize optical diffractive gratings on a silicon substrate using focused ion beams. A method, however, is necessary to improve the overall shape and dimensional accuracy. In this paper a simulation-based technique is presented taking into account redeposition fluxes. First, the influence of the process parameters on the blazed grating structure is studied experimentally. Then the process parameters for a structure with a planar sidewall, a maximum depth of 200 nm, and an opening width of 350 nm are determined. The approach is finally verified by comparing the designed with the fabricated structure. The method may be readily extended to various micro/nano structures in optics.
© 2007 Optical Society of America
OCIS Codes
(050.1970) Diffraction and gratings : Diffractive optics
(220.0220) Optical design and fabrication : Optical design and fabrication
(220.4000) Optical design and fabrication : Microstructure fabrication
ToC Category:
Diffraction and Gratings
Original Manuscript: May 24, 2007
Revised Manuscript: June 14, 2007
Manuscript Accepted: June 14, 2007
Published: July 16, 2007
Heung-Bae Kim, Gerhard Hobler, Andreas Steiger, Alois Lugstein, and Emmerich Bertagnolli, "Simulation-based approach for the accurate fabrication of blazed grating structures by FIB," Opt. Express 15, 9444-9449 (2007)
Sort: Year | Journal | Reset
- I. Brodie and J. J. Muray, The Physics of Micro/Nano Fabrication, (SRI International, 1992).
- R. E. Fisher and B. T. Caleb, Optical System Design (McGraw-Hill, 2000).
- Y. Fu, N. K. A. Bryan and W. Zhou, "Quasi-dirct writing of diffractive structures with a focused ion beam," Opt. Express 12, 1803-1809 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. Fu and N. K. A. Bryan, "Spontaneously generated sinusoidal like structures on Ti-Ni thin film under focused ion-beam bombardment," Opt. Express 12, 3707-3712 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. Fu, N. K. A. Bryan and W. Zhou, "Self-organized formation of a blazed-grating-like structure on Si(100) induced by focused ion-beam scanning," Opt. Express 12, 227-233 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. Fu, N. K. A. Bryan, "Fabrication of three-dimensional microstructures by two-dimensional slice by slice approaching via focused ion beam milling," J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B22, 1672-1678 (2004).
- D. P. Adams, M. J. Vasile, "Accurate focused ion beam sculpting of silicon using a variable pixel dwell time approach," J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B24, 836-844 (2006).
- R. M. Bradley and J. M. E. Harper, "Theory of ripple topography induced by ion bombardment," J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A6, 2390-2395 (1988).
- H. B. Kim, G. Hobler, A. Lugstein and E. Bertagnolli, "Simulation of ion beam induced micro/nano fabrication," J. Micromach. Microeng. 17, 1178-1183 (2007). [CrossRef]
- H. B. Kim, G. Hobler, A. Steiger, A. Lugstein and E. Bertagnolli, "Full three-dimensional simulation of focused ion beam micro/nanofabrication," Nanotechnology 18, 245303 (2007). [CrossRef]
- H. B. Kim, G. Hobler, A. Steiger, A. Lugstein and E. Bertagnolli, "Level set approach for the simulation of focused ion beam processing on the micro/nano scale," Nanotechnology 18, 265307 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Santamore, K. Edinger, J Orloff and J. Melngailis, "focused ion beam yield change as a function of scan speed," J. Vac. Sic. Technol. B15, 2346-2349 (1997). [CrossRef]
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text:
Miller & Carter Bexley
A unique steakhouse experience
At Miller & Carter we know a thing or two about steak. In fact, we could say that we're one of the best steakhouses in Kent. But we'd rather leave that to your judgement.
Because once you've tasted our hand-cut, 30-day aged British steaks you'll soon appreciate the care of our farmers, the exacting standards of our butchers and the passion of our chefs. Don't just take our word for it; book a table and decide for yourself.
You'll find us in a beautifully restored Jacobean barn, right on the doorstep of the historic Hall Place Tudor mansion and its grade II listed gardens.
The best of British beef
Our premium-graded British beef is reared on carefully selected, sustainable farms. So whichever your favourite cut, we can trace every forkful back to the field.
What to wear?
Smart-casual – or dress to impress if you fancy.


text:
Dr. Charles A. Hollar is a graduate of Indiana University School of Dentistry. He served as a Captain in the U.S. Army and has been honored by being named a Fellow by the International College of Dentists, as well as the Academy of General Dentistry. He is also a member of the county, state and American Dental Associations and the American Analgesia Society. Dr. Hollar is a past president of the North Central Indiana Dental Society. In the past he has served as chairman on the Council of Dental Education for the Indiana Dental Association, and served as a trustee. He and his wife, Jacqueline, live in this area.
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Scrabble word: GRADER
In which Scrabble dictionary does GRADER exist?
Definitions of GRADER in dictionaries:
- noun - a judge who assigns grades to something
- One who grades students' work.
- A piece of heavy equipment used to level or smooth road or other surfaces to the desired gradient.
- A student in a specified class in an elementary or high school.
- adj - to arrange in steps or degrees [v GRADED, GRADING, GRADES] : GRADABLE
There are 6 letters in GRADER: A D E G R R
Scrabble words that can be created with an extra letter added to GRADER
All anagrams that could be made from letters of word GRADER plus a wildcard: GRADER?
Scrabble words that can be created with letters from word GRADER
Images for GRADER
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Putting the final touches on a large rhyolite blade. |
Participants and knappers use the Conference as an opportunity to share their experiences and knowledge. |
Some of Mike's work with local metarhyolites. |
Large blades made from local metarhyolite with pyrite and feldspar inclusions. (Courtesy of Mike Hill) |
For a closer look at Mike Hill's work, visit the Gallery section at Knappers Anonymous. Link will open in new window.


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In This Section
Journal Forum
Audibility of a CD-Standard A/DA/A Loop Inserted into High-Resolution Audio Playback - September 2007
13 comments
Sound Board: Food for Thought, Aesthetics in Orchestra Recording - April 2015
2 comments
Reflecting on Reflections - June 2014
4 comments
AES E-Library
Objective and Subjective Evaluation of Head-Related Transfer Function Filter Design
The problem of modeling head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) is addressed. Traditionally HRTFs are approximated in real-time applications using minimum-phase reconstruction and various digital filter design techniques, yielding FIR or IIR structures. In this work, binaural auditory modeling has been applied to HRTF analysis, and filter design methods have been compared from the auditory perception point of view. Applicable perceptually valid filter design techniques are presented, and listening test results for localization and timbre degradation are discussed.
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October 11, 2012
The Baldwin High School Patriot's Club will have its third BHS for Vets event with per-game and half-time events honoring veterans at the Bulldogs' football game Friday against Ottawa. Veterans will be admitted to the game free.
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► Gaga's 'Bad Romance' Wins Best Female Video and Best Pop Video
► Eminem's 'Not Afraid' Wins Best Male Vid and Best Hip-Hop Video
► BIEBS = Best New Artist
► Lindsay Lohan Makes Surprise Visit
► 30 Seconds to Mars Wins Best Rock Video
► All Possible VMAs Red Carpet Photos
► Lady Gaga Goes for Baroque
Gaga, who showed up with a military escort, won the first award of the night for best female video, for 'Bad Romance.' She was up for a total of 13 moonmans, which is a VMA record. She ended with eight -- another record, including the biggie: video of the year. Eminem wasn't far behind with an impressive eight nominations. His 'Not Afraid' won best male video and best hip-hop vid.


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Agca, 48, identified as a former right-wing hitman, served nearly two decades in an Italian prison for the May 13, 1981, shooting of the pope in St. Peter's Square before being pardoned in 2000 by Italian President Carlo Azeglio Ciampi.
He was then transferred to Turkey to serve time for other crimes, with his time in the Italian jail counting as time served for those charges, CNN said.
Less than six hours after his release Thursday, Turkish Justice Minister Cemil Cicek said that Agca's case would be reviewed by the Court of Appeal "to make sure that no errors were committed in the complicated case," the Times of London said.
John Paul was shot three times at close range but survived and later publicly forgave Agca.


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How to consult as an IxDA?
22 May 2007 - 9:50am
3 replies
745 reads
I was recently asked how to get started doing contract/consulting work
as an IxDA (what type of business entity to form, what standard agreements to
use, etc.).
Does anyone know of a good reference site for this type of information? Any good pointers? I know this has been discussed before but I've never paid that much attention to it.
Russell Wilson | Director of Product Design
NetQoS, Inc. | 5001 Plaza on the Lake, Austin, TX 78746
512.334.3725 | russell.wilson at netqos.com
<mailto:russell.wilson at netqos.com>
NetQoS: Performance Experts
www.netqos.com <http://www.netqos.com/>


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Following in the footsteps of Visa, MasterCard and Discover, American Express has set out a timetable for its US abandonment of mag-stripe cards in favour of EMV chip technology.
It's surprising that the decision by Amex is presented as a separate event - Amex is a member of EMV, and hence would "naturally" be expected to play ball.
In less than a year, over 90% of the cards issued worldwide will be based on "chip", i.e. EMV ("chip"/"chip-n-PIN" will become de facto standard for retail payments. It's time to extend the security of that trusted and convenient payment method to online and mobile applications too.
Basic £85-110K dependent on experience OTE circa £...London
© Finextra Research 2015


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Jewish World Review May 30, 2008 / 15 Iyar 5768, Man: The Crowning Glory of Creation By Rabbi A. Henach Leibowitz
And the Divine said: "I have forgiven, according to your words.
After the spies returned from Canaan
with a pessimistic report, Jewry despaired of
their ability to conquer the land. As a punishment for
their lack of total trust and faith, the Divine intended
to wipe out the nation. Immediately, Moses began
to plead Jewry's case before the Divine. The Divine assented to Moses' argument and told him,
'Moses, your words have given Me life.'
Our sages tell us (Bamidbar Rabbah 9:35) that
someone who causes his friend to sin is punished as if he himself
has sinned. Similarly, someone who prompts
another to perform a mitzvah (religious duty, act of kindness) is rewarded
for the performance of that mitzvah. In our
case, Moses' prayers were a pivotal factor in the Divine's decision
to lead His people into Canaan, thereby revealing His supreme
might to the world. Therefore Moses is credited with the entire
result, and is considered as having given the Divine "life" i.e.,
eternal power and omnipotence in the eyes of all mankind a
feat far beyond Moses' actual abilities.
Every weekday JewishWorldReview.com publishes inspiring articles. Sign up for our daily update. It's free. Just click here.
Comment by clicking here.
One of America's senior Torah sages, Rabbi A. Henach Leibowitz has been the dean of the Rabbinical Seminary of America, in Queens, New York for more than 50 years. The institution has branches and affiliates all across North America and Israel.
This article was prepared by two of the sage's disciples, Rabbi Aryeh Striks and Rabbi Shimon Zehnwirth, and excerpted from the just released book, "Pinnacle of Creation: Torah insights into human nature".
The Divine's eternal, unconditional love © 2007, Mesorah Publications, Ltd. |