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Gift of the Panama Canal Museum
- PANAMA AL Vol. 4 No. 1 BALBOA HEIGHTS, CANAL ZONE, AUGUST 7, 1953 5 cents "THROW ME A QUARTER, MAMA" Main As I Routes Canal Gain Shipping Has Between 17 HAITIAN DIVING BOYS in their bumboats full of native goods or fruit are about the first people a Panama Line passenger sees as his ship nears the Port-au-Prince pier. Canal Photographer C. S. La Clair took this photograph on a recent vacation trip. Conversion of the Canal Zone electrical rnr-,,,-4/ 4.t\ gfl.nTln / rnirr /n�vnt- nil11 h~nan nn Conversion 60-Cycles will be ordered at the start of the next -fioxinnor if +ba unmrLr iS o*nniraroin ;Q Record Year and 33 percent more ship- ping moved over the three main trade routes through the Panama Canal last fiscal year than during the previous year. This, and an increase of almost 50 per- cent for the group of smaller, miscellane- ous routes, accounted principally for the all-time high in traffic through the Canal in the fiscal year 1953. Almost 7,850,000 long tons of cargo were shipped last year over the trade route between the east coast of North America (United States and Canada) and the Far East, an increase of more than 1,500,000 tons over the figures for the preceding fiscal year. The gain in net tonnage for this route was 32.9 percent. The amount of shipping on the United States intercoastal route increased last year 22.3 percent in net vessel tonnage over the fiscal year 1952, while an increase of 17.4 percent was shown in the trade route between the east coast of the United States and the west coast of South America. Cargo shipped over the United States intercoastal route totalled 4,871,000 long tons, an increase of slightly over 1,500,000 tons or 13.8 percent over the previous year. The heavy gain in shipping over the miscellaneous routes last year, 49.4 per- cent over 1952, was accounted for chiefly by increased tanker traffic. This traffic totaled 4,450,000 net vessel tons last year, an increase of 89 percent over 1952. Dry cargo shipments also increased over the miscellaneous routes by 21.4 percent with a total of over 4,000,000 net vessel tons last fiscal ywar. Plans Proceeding For Zone Electricity m m I THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW August 7,1953 Panama Mark Canal For Force First Drops Time In Below Almost 17 14 ,000 ears 42000 35000 26000 21000 14000 7000 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 The Panama Canal's working force on the Isthmus in June dropped below the 17,000 mark for full-time employees for the first time in almost 14 years. The force report for June showed a total of 16,317 full-time employees, of which 3,938 were employed on the U. S.-rate rolls and 12,379 were on the local-rate rolls. These figures, for the U. S.-rate and total force, include 185 school teachers on leave, not indicated on the accompanying chart. The force at the end of the past fiscal year was 1,900 under that of the previous year, with a cut of 400 in the U. S.-rate and 1,500 in the local-rate force. The decrease in employment over the 12- month period was the heaviest since the fiscal year 1950 when there was a net loss of 2,500, resulting primarily from the closing of the Industrial Bureau shops in Balbo other -3- - - - -A a and major reductions in several of the larger Canal units. The accompanying chart of the force level graphically indicates the rise and decline of the Canal force over the past 15-year period when the force was almost tripled during the early war period over the peace-time level of 1938. mi- ...in ". . - I - i . by the Maintenance Division for practically all of the new construct projects were handled by contractors. Contract Maintenance addition, a number bces, tion major maintenance projects were let on con- tract. These included exterior painting and major roof repairs to a large number of employee quarters. This change to contract work affected principally the units in the Engineering and Construction Bureau. Another unit which employees in and over 200 employed in i ously stated REVIEW, bec error, that a employees we: trash collection Safe the Maintenance Division in the Health Bureau were this work. It was errone- in the July issue of the ause of a typographical bout 700 Health Bureau re engaged in garbage and n. Driving Awards Given Canal showed a decrease in force during the past year was the Railroad and Terminals Bureau. This decrease was primarily in dock workers, with that force being approxi- mately 500 less at the end of this fiscal year than one year ago. This decrease resulted from a drop in the amount of cargo handled over the piers. The total cargo handled or transferred over the piers during the past fiscal year was approximately 200,000 tons under that of the previous year, a 15 percent decrease. Connected Losses Although the principal reductions were made min the units mentioned, many other units showed lesser losses for the Chauffeurs Safe driving awards have just been presented to 253 U. S. and local rate chauffeurs of the Motor Transportation Division. All of those to whom the awards have gone operated official vehi- cles during the past fiscal year without any accidents causing personal injury or property damage. Ninety-five of the chauffeurs have continuous service and received certifi- cates for eight years of accident-free driving. Many of the 95 have a longer continuous period of safe driving but complete accident records were not kept and the safe driving certificates were not issued until irrht vaars afro. August 7, 1953 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW Hospital Insurance, Discussed Quarters July Plans for hospitalization insurance and a new method of quarters assignment were discussed at length in the Governor- Employee Conference held July 22 in the Board Room of the Balboa Heights Administration Building. In the absence of Governor J. S. Seybold, who was in Washington attend- ing the Board of Directors' meeting, the Acting Governor, Col. H. O. Paxson, conducted the conference. He told the employee representatives that the administration has been working on plans for some sort of hospitalization insurance and that progress is being made. Extension by the Senate-House conferees on the Civil Functions Bill of so-called "free hospitalization" for employees until December 31-this hospitalization had been removed by the House and restored by the Senate-gives additional time to work out a suitable plan, he said. The Panama Canal Company, Colonel Paxson said, is not in a position to deal directly with an insurance company but can authorize payroll deductions for hos- pitalization insurance for such an em- ployee organization as the Canal Zone Credit Union. Preliminary plans call for the Company-Government to collect-by payroll deductions-insurance payments from employees who sign up for hospital insurance; these payments will be remit- ted to the Credit Union which, in turn, will deal with the insuring company. The situation is somewhat different, he told the conferees, in regard to local-rate emDlove s. The five local-rate credit unions are Federal organizations and not in a position to deal with an insurance company. One way in which this could be worked out, he said, would be to form a sort of Mutual Benefit Association which would be made up of representatives of the credit unions, lodges, churches, etc. This organization could deal with the insurance companies, and to it the Com- pany-Government could turn over insur- ance payments deduction from the plan. collect d by payroll subscribing to Group Plan Not Prejudiced Any such plan, the Acting Governor - v_- .* ..* * Assignments Employee Conference Henry L. Donovan, Community Serv- ices Director, joined the group to outline for conference consideration the proposal for a new method of quarters applications. Since there had been considerable objec- tion to a proposal that applications be limited to three choices-by type, street, or areas-a plan has been developed simi- lar to the postings of real estate offices in the United States, he said. Each Wednesday, on glass-enclosed bulletin boards placed in all Housing Offices, Clubhouses, Post Offices, and Commissaries, Housing Division em- ployees would post a list of all quarters which had become vacant for the week ending the previous day. The posting would be done by district in Gamboa would not b southern district (Pedro Diablo, Balboa, Ancon) n ern district quarters be a northern district (Gatun, and New Cristobal). L; i. e., quarters e posted in the viguel, Corozal, or would south- dvertised in the Margarita, Old Each advertised set of quarters would be described by type of construction (frame, composite, masonry), house and apartment number, the number of fam- ilies in the building, the number of bedrooms, baths, whether or not the quarters have a garage, maid's room, maid's toilet, storeroom, paved basement. The rent, per week, would be listed. Available For Inspection During this advertising period, which would close six days later, the quarters would be available for inspection on application to the district housing office concerned, and during this same period applications would be accepted for any of the quarters advertised. The number of Our applications an Civil Defense Civil defense is based on the principle of self-protection by the individual, extended to include mutual self-protection on the part of groups and communities. It is a way of protecting all of us and our families, either in case of an enemy attack or during natural, peacetime disasters. Civil defense is the responsibility of all ployee could file would not be limited. If he considered several houses equally desirable, he could apply for them all; since the purpose of the plan is to have employees apply only for houses in which they are definitely interested, there should not be any large number of such multiple applications. The advertising period would close at noon each Tuesday and assignments for the quarters advertised during the pre- vious six days would be made at 1 p. m. that day to the senior applicant from point of service-on the list. He would have until 4:15 p. m., on Thursday of that same week to accept or decline the assign- ment. If the senior applicant declined the assignment, the next employee in line for the quarters would be assigned, etc., until the house is accepted. Applications would be held until the apartment is accepted, and then would be voided. Apartments advertised for four consecutive weeks with no applications would then be withheld and used for immediate assignments. Penalty Planned The AFGE, Mr. Donova n said, has already accepted the plan but several other organizations to which it was sub- mitted are still to be heard from. Em- ployee representatives at the July con- ference appeared not only receptive to the idea but to endorse it, and insisted that the acceptance time be cut from the original proposal of five days. The conferees discussed what penalty could be imposed on an employee who had accepted a house and then declined it without adequate reason when told the house was ready for occupancy. All agreed that a money penalty should not be imposed but that it would be fair to bar him from applying for any quarters for a specified period, possibly two weeks. George Cassell, Acting Chief, Housing Division, said that during the previous week, nine out of 31 (see page 19) Responsibility battleground --not peace in the world. We may not now relax our guard nor cease our quest." Since September 1949, when Soviet Russia exploded her first atomic weapon, the need for the development and mainte- nance of an adequate civil defense program has become as important as a strong '~ ~ F THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW August 7,1953 When And Sea I Why Level The Visitors to the (Canal Zone almost in- variably express amazement over four natural features: the hills; the fact that Balboa, on the Pacific, is farther east than Cristobal, on the Atlantic; the rising of the sun from the Pacific ocean; and the great difference in the tides in two bodies of water which are separated by only a 40-mile-wide strip of land. Of the four features, the tides have played a most important part in Isthmian history although the location of the Isth- mian canal was determined largely by the narrow isthmus and lowness of the Conti- nental Divide in what is now the Canal Zone. Old Panama, where mud flats stretch out to sea for a long distance at low tide, never had a harbor worthy of the name, even for ships of its day. Cargo had to be lightered ashore, just as it is today in many Central and South American ports. All important Isthmian ports were on the Caribbean where the tidal range is much less than it is in the Pacific. During the days of the Gold Rush, ships anchored either far out to sea, off Panama City, or made their port at the island of Taboga although there, also, they could not dock at low tide. Affected Canal Construction The variation of the tides in the Carib- bean and the Pacific caused many heated arguments among experts in the past and had considerable influence on the decision to make the Canal lock type rather than sea level. During the Isthmian Canal studies in 1946 and 1947 an elaborate tidal machine was constructed Not Tides Sea Are of the 1916-34 the Canal Zone ent rise in sea interval of .085 foot at Cristoba Level Different and 1927-45 averages at stations shows an appar- level during the 11-year foot at Balboa and .062 l. Both of these changes are small, equivalent to 1 inch and 34 inch, respectively. "As a small rise in mean sea level has occurred in recent years along both the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the United States, the condition is assumed to be general and of no particular significance to the Canal Zone area. Whether the rising trend will continue min years come or prove to be of only a temporary nature remains to be determined by comparison with future averages." Sun and Moon Tides School children learn that tides, which Webster's dictionary calls the "alternate rising and falling of the surface of the ocean are caused by the attraction of the sun and moon, acting unequally on the water in different parts of the earth. Since the moon is closer to the earth than the sun, the tide-producing force of the moon is a little more than twice that of the sun. When school children come to the Tidal Troughs Oceans, he says, are divided into a number of such troughs. Balboa is at the extreme end of one such body; the saw- horse is off the Mexican coast in the vicinity of Manzanillo and the opposite end off lower California. Consequently the rise and fall of water is great at Balboa and very slight near Manzanillo. The Caribbean, on the other hand, sep- arated as it is from the Atlantic by a ring of islands, is almost an inland lake cut off from the oscillating system of the greater ocean. But the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico make up their own trough and, being smaller and shallower than the Atlantic or Pacific, the range of their tides is much smaller. Statistics obtained from years of local observation show that it is possible to have a tidal range, between high and low water, of 22.7 feet at Balboa; the extreme variation possible at Cristobal is only 3.05 feet. Tides at Balboa are regular, with two highs and two lows a day, approxi- mately an hour later each succeeding day. Cristobal tides are irregular. Lifts at Locks The matter of tides, of course, had much to do with the way the Canal was constructed. The approach channel of the Canal on the Pacific side is deeper than the approach to the Atlantic Locks, to allow for the tidal difference. There in the fiats below Miraflores Bridge where tidal currents were simulated by machine and their effect on a possible sea-level canal studied. Canal files are studded with corres- pondence from such widely scattered places as New York, Massachusetts, Washington, Germany, Mexico, and England, asking about the tides at the Canal terminals. People who ask about the tides fall generally into two classes: those who want to know if it is true that there is a difference in sea level in the Pacific ocean and the Caribbean sea there is; and those whose questions have to do with the ...4 - rnTToAT mT)U/'TTT ArTx',/' O' fI)T T/"I'ITI)T(J , _. ,. ....I, ..... C .. . 1-.. 1 ... L.:.l ..X . .. 1e August 7 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW FOR YOUR NTER AND GUIDANCE DENT PREVENTION Safety Message To Foremen When something has gone wrong, it is most necessary to know what it was and what caused it to go wrong before it can be corrected. An accident is a very good example of something gone wrong-the man, the material, the machine, or the method. otherwise Somebody or something failed; the mishap would not have occurred. Since an accident is evidence of some- thing gone wrong, it follows that you must get to the bottom of "why" and "how" to prevent things going wrong again. There must be a best way for doing this. Let's just make a list of what we want to find out and then see how we should go about it. It has been shown that the man is the most important thing on any job. Buildings, machines, and tools are lesser things because they have been developed to help the man better, and safer. produce more faster, So maybe we had better start with the man first. 1. Is this his first accident? 2. If not, how and when did the others occur ? 3. What could he himself have done to avoid having this accident? 4. Did he take an unnecessary chance and bring the accident on him- self? 5. Has there been a job study made and a safe efficient way developed for doing this job? 6. Had he been informed dangers involved tions and drilling working practices? HONOR as to the with instruc- as to the safe ROLL Bureau Award For BEST RECORD JUNE 7. Did he follow instructions? 8. Just who was at fault? Was it the injured workman, a fellow worker, or you, his foreman? 9. Was he "hurried" on this job? 10. What action did you take immedi- to prevent a recurrence? Have you done this? 11. Are other employees also following same practice that caused this man to have an accident? 12. Was the safe practice, which had been taught and inm use, mostly depending upon the employee learning and continuing to duck in time? A check on layout, material and equip- ment is less involved. You naturally want to know: 1. If tools, machines, or equipment being used were defective or in need of repair. 2. If adequate working equipment and safety guards were provided. 3. If the necessary protective equip- ment and safety devices were available. 4. If so, were they being used and in the right way. 5. Was lighting and ventilation ade- quate. When is the best time for investigate an accident? It appears to be as soon after it occurs as you can get to where it happened. If you are going to get the information necessary to prevent future accidents, and you might as well not start unless you get the correct and complete story, you are going to have to: 1. Go to the scene of the accident and check volved. the physical things 2. Get the full story from the man who caused the accident. 3. Get the full story from others work- ing near and with him. '-'"k henecessarycorrectivemeas ures to prevent a recurrence before you leave. 5. Make out the report at once while all facts are fresh in your mind. 6. Get professional advice from your Safety Inspector. Whenever you have made up your mind to minquire as fully into the "whys and "wherefores" of your accidents as you do into getting other parts of your job done-then and then only will you start getting results in accident prevention, for you cannot intelligently proceed with righting something wrong until you have the correct and complete facts in your possession. SAFETY BOARD The Canal Zone Government-Panama Canal Company Safety Board as re-estab- lished by Executive Regulation No. 32, which outlines the Safety Program and Organization, is n following members: G. 0. IKELLAR, Chairman L. W. CHAMBER 1)irector M. F. MILLARD, C OW ( Thief, omposed of Safety RS, representing represent ting En and Construction Director Cmdr. \W. Industrial M. VINCENT, Director Branch, Marine gineering representing WV. F. RUSSON, representing Rail Terminals 1)irector E. E. TROUT, Service Directc E. 0. ZEMER, Services representing )r representing Supply Community Director E. L. FARLOW, representing Civil Affairs Director J. P. SMITH, representing Health Director H. D. RAYMOND, representing Comptroller BUiRNHAM ( Personnel Director II. L. ANDERSON, I Executive Acting), Recorder representing , representing Secretary CIVIL AFFAIRS BUREAU INDUSTRIAL BUREAU AWARDS THIS CALENDAR YEAR Industrial .............. Civil Affairs ...-- ----------- Health -------------------- Disabling Injuries per 1,000,000 Man-Hours Worked JUNE 1953 (Frequency Rate) Civil Affairs Bureau I I THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW August 7, 1953 New Paraisc As S Buildings Ne school Begins ar Completion Local Rate Towns of the school units. Miss Julette Carring- ton, formerly principal at Paraiso, will be teaching principal of the six-classroom elementary school at Red Tank. Until the addition to the Rainbow City elementary school is completed about the middle of the school year the school- PART of Paraiso's modern, new school plant is pictured above. Only one room deep, the new Paraiso school is on-the-ground masonry construction. A feature of the building is the wide awning- type windows, divided into horizontal panes, each set of which opens like jalousies. Wide vertical sun vanes provide shade and help in preventing sound from one classroom bothering students in another. The main building of the new Paraiso school will house elementary grades. It is connected by a covered walk-way to a two-room building, also new construction, which will house the kindergarten. The third building of the group is the remodeled older building, in which will be the junior high school, with space for a library, music room, shops, and the principal's office in the basement. Under the watchful eyes of their 160 teachers, some 4,300 boys and girls from the Canal Zone's colored communities trooped into their classrooms last Mon- day morning in the 14 schools which make up the local-rate school system. The exact number of students will not be known for several days, until figures from all the schools are checked, but an opening day estimate indicated that the number would be well above the 4,156 who were registered the first school day of 1952. Boys and girls at Paraiso were especi- ally interested in their modern new school which will be ready for occupancy within a short time, and grade-school students at Rainbow City were eagerly waiting completion of the addition to their school, now expected about the end of the first semester. The outstanding change in the Canal Zone colored schools this year is the coming transfer from Red Tank to Paraiso of the Junior High School for the Paraisc- Red Tank area and the expansion of the Paraiso school plant by the addition of a new 12-classroom elementary building, a two-room kindergarten building, and a remodeled basement area under former elementary school building. Junior High In Remodeled School The elementary grades will occupy the new buildings when they are completed in about a month and the remodeled building will be reserved for Junior High School use. Classrooms will fill the upstairs area and a library, home economics labor- atory, woodworking shop, clinic, music room and the principal's office will be in the new basement area. The transfer to Paraiso of the Junior High School will bring a shift in school principals. Ellis L. Fawcett, formerly principal of the Red Tank elementary and junior high schools, has been trans- ferred to Paraiso where he will be in charge housing problem there continues to be acute. Present plans call for 16 classes to share eight classrooms until the new addition is finished. The addition will provide space for eight elementary school classes. Summer Institute During the past summer approximately 160 teachers from the colored schools attended the annual month-long Summer Institute at La Boca and Rainbow City. The staff of the Summer Institute is made up of teachers from Balboa High School and the Canal Zone Junior College. The work of this summer's Institute was largely revision of the curriculum in the elementary, junior, and senior high schools. In the summer of 1952 the students at the Institute made "working copies" of 37 courses; these were studied, in the light of classroom use, during the past school year and 26 of the 37 were put into working shape this summer. During the Institute, elementary teach- ers took the Workshop in Arithmetic and had a choice of a course in Children's Literature or a methods course in the teaching of Spanish. Teachers from the secondary schools studied Evaluation of Secondary Schools and one of five electives: Workshops in Mathematics, English, Spanish, Social Studies, and Industrial Arts. Social Studies In the elementary schools, a new social studies handbook is in use this year. These tentative courses of study which are the joint product of Canal Zone elementary school teachers are organized around six themes for the different grade levels. The themes progress from the immediate, for the youngest child, to the distant, such as world problems, for the older children. Kindergarteners and pupils in grade one, for instance, will study "Home and School." Second graders widen their horizon with a study of the community in which they live. By (See page 12) They Head Canal Zone Schools .- / - * : f August 7,1953 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW Official Two Panama Canal Company Publication Published Monthly at BALBOA HEIGHTS, CANAL ZONE Printed by the Printing Plant Mount Hope, Canal Zone of Kind S. SEYBOLD, Governor-President H. O. PAXSON, Lieutenant Governor J. RUFUs HARDY, Editor ELEANOR H. McILKENNY OLEVA HASTINGS Editorial Assistants SUBSCRIPTIONS-$1.00 SINGLE COPIES-5 a year cents each On sale at all Panama Canal Clubhouses, Commissaries, and Hotels for 10 days after publication date. SINGLE COPIES BY MAIL-10 cents each cents each On sale when available, from the Vault Clerk, Third Floor, Administration Building, Balboa Heights. Postal money orders should be made pay- able to the Treasurer, Panama Canal Com- pany, and mailed to Editor, THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW, Balboa Heights, C. Z. Railroad And Terminals Head Will End Lengthy Service A BROTHER ACT, for a fact, is that of Canal Zone Fire Sergeants James V. and Frank J. Bart- lett. James, the elder by five years, is at the wheel of the fire engine. Born in Wisconsin, they were both employed as probationary firemen here on August 12, 1942, promoted to firemen on November 10, 1942, and again promoted, this time to sergeants, on July 5 this year. Sergeant James is on duty at the Gamboa Fire Miguel. Station; Sergeant Frank is stationed at Pedro David W. Massingham of San Rafael, Calif., has been appointed Assistant Manager of Hotels for the Panama Canal Company; he will be in direct charge of the Hotel Washington. Born in Melbourne, Australia, where his American parents were living, he attended school in California and has spent most of his adult life in Califor- nia. For the past 15 years he has been enoa~ed in restaurant or cafeteria I F U - / work and has had considerable experi- ence in industrial cafeterias such as those of the Kaiser Shipyards in Rich- mond, and the Kaiser Cement Plant at Permanente, Calif. From 1946 until 1949, when he opened Canal Zone team in action. be narrated and will be shi Clubhouses to promote dih ow This film will n in all Zone ,aster prepared- ness. Automobile tires now may be pur- chased unmounted from Section K of the Balboa Storehouse, the Cristobal Storehouse or mounted on wheels at the Motor Transportation Division on either side of the Isthmus. Tires formerly were required to be mounted on wheels at a cost of 35 cents each, by the Motor Transporta- tion Division. Some of the tires now available for 4 �* . . ---t- OF CURRENT INTEREST BACK COPIES-10 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW August 7, 1953 Cars, All Drivers, Are Dogs, Licensed Vendors By Canal And Pe License ddlers- Section Black and orange will be the colo 1954, take it from Leslie tR. Evans, of the Canal's License Section. As long ago as March Mr. Evans, his top boss, Col. Richardson Selee, Affairs Director, and Colonel S right-hand man, E. IL. Farlow, agreed black letters on an orange backgr rs for Chief with Civil elee's 1 that "ound would be a good combination for private automobile licenses for 1954. There was no particular reason for their choice, Mr. Evans said. Black and orange is an easily-read combination, had not been used for some time, and could not be confused with the black-and-white of official plates. The license plates are to arrive by September 1. By mid-November, the License Section will be accepting applica- tions for them and at the end of the year all Canal Zone-licensed cars will have the plates in place or else. Selecting license plates and issuing them is an important part of the License Section's work, but it is not all, by any means. Licenses And Licenses At its offices on the ground floor of the Civil Affairs Building on Gaillard High- way, one can get a license establishing ownership of a vehicle and the right to drive, transfer, or junk it; a vehicle record card, which is the first step toward allowing a U. S. employee living in Panama to buy gasoline in the Canal Zone; a license-if the applicant is a welfare or fraternal organization-to vend food or drink; or a peddler's license which gives an individual the right to sell such things as fruits, v drinks in Canal Zot month the License duty: The licensing which make the Can Issuing licenses wl the ownership or vehicles is a major of Mr. Evans and women who make Extra help is hired vegetables, and ne towns. Just Section had a Sof the 3,000 al Zone their h which have to do soft last new dogs ome. with operation of motor part of the business the five men and up his regular staff. for the annual rush period but the addition of two new valid- ating cash registers last year cut this need in half. On December 31, 1952's peak day, more than 700 customers were LICENSE PLATES from all over mural decorations for the License Secti license plate from Wyoming. the "Z" series - the section at An has a record of a majority of owned by such people. This is i by the vehicle record cards. To buy gasoline in the Canal owner of a Panama-licensed ca have a special card, which he by presenting his Panama car registra- tion, his operator's license, and his authority card. So far this year, the License Section has on file 3,132 of these vehicle record cards. Lotteries And Lines sequence in which automobile license plates have been issued has been determined, in the past, in several ways. Mr. Evans recalls that when the License Office was on the third floor of the Admin- istration Building, the waiting line of applicants sometimes stretched the length of the hallway, and down the stairs to the front entrance. the United States and old Canal Zone licenses are appropriate on. Mrs. Mary Hollowell hands George Pervin a sample 1953 Lcon still For operators of passenger cars, official the cars cars, industrial trucks, commercial vehi- provided cles, motorcycles, etc. Since 1950 there have been only two categories: Roughly Zone an people who drive for fun and people who ar must make their living by driving, although obtains separate tests are given operators of motorcycles and motorscooters by the two police examiners. People visiting the Isthmus with their cars may drive for 90 days with U. S. license plates and drivers' licenses, if they do not intend to remain here. Those expecting to make their home here must get both Canal Zone car and operator's licenses within 15 days. Character References Drivers' licenses have been required in the Canal Zone since 1911. Those old- time drivers, provided they satisfied an examining board as to their knowledge of "gasoline and electrical motors and August 7, 1953 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW cream, if they want the latter. Some 24 such groups are licensed each year. No Sandwiches Peddlers' licenses are issued to an aver- age of 21 people a month for a period not exceeding six months. Peddlers must have physical examinations and a police check. Most of them handle native fruits and vegetables. Applications for licenses to sell fresh fish, meats or meat products of any kind, sandwiches or cooked foods of all kinds are uniformly disapproved, for strict health and sanitary reasons. Peddlers are licensed without cost unless they wish to sell ice cream or soft drinks, or both. In such case a peddler pays $2 a month, and if he sells tobacco an additional $2 monthly. Occasionally a peddler is licensed, as one was recently, to sell such things as pocketbooks, baskets, and other native straw products. The $2 monthly fee applies here, also. The License Section is a direct descend- ent of the old Revenue Department of construction days. The Isthmian Canal Commission had established a system of licensing coaches and carriages in 1910 but, as the motor population increased, Canal authorities began to worry about road upkeep. If motorists wanted to use the highways, they should pay for the privilege, the Commission felt. $150 For A License ! The first fees were eyebrow raising: $150 a year for commercial vehicles of any sort, $25 for cars "operated for pleasure," and $10 for motorcycles. The first automobile license issued in the Canal Zone went to Natalio Ehrman of Panama, on December 3, 1910. Unfor- tunately, old records do not show the make of his car. The first license to a Canal Zone resident was No. 5, issued a week later to a "Capt. C. Nixon of Cristobal." Oldtimers believe this was Capt. Courtland Nixon, Depot Quarter- master at Mount Hope. In 1916 the fee for licensing personal automobiles was reduced to the present $5, and motorcycle licenses dropped to the present $2. Owners of commercial vehicles who today pay between $13.50 and $16, paid from $20 to $40. From the Administration Building, Good Can Community Reduce Fly Flies are everybody's business, first, because they are a potential health men- ace to every member of a community and, second, because everyone is respon- sible for the kind of good community housekeeping that keeps them from breeding. Flies, like a lot of other potential problems, are best nipped in the bud. It is easier to prevent them from breeding in the first place than it is to get rid of them after they are grown. DDT used to work like an atom bomb on the adult fly population. It doesn't work so miraculously any more; flies are getting used to it. Furthermore, flies are mobile. If they are any place in a community, they can be all over the place. An adul travel several miles to find his of filthy environment and fro possibly, into the food you eat. The biography of a house begin like this. One little hou t fly will own kind m there, ly might sefly, for instance, might have been born, together with 99 to 149 brothers and sisters, in a nice little nest of mouldy mashed potatoes down in an overlooked cranny in a garbage can. Mama Fly, with fine feminine instinct, may have flown from miles away to find this fine home for her brood. Of course, she might just as well have picked any where it was located for many years, the License Section, then a Bureau of the old Executive Department, moved to the old Balboa police station, opposite the present Balboa school. The location was good but it had some drawbacks. For instance one day two not ordinarily timid clerks took to their desk tops when a large and dignified iguana paid an office call. The License Section, under its present organization, came into being in April 1946, following the war. It then as now, by Mr. Evans, Wisconsin, who came to the in 1936 to work with the Affairs Division. All of his the Canal has been with was headed a native of Canal Zone then Civil service with the License Section in its present or former forms Housekeeping Population one of a number of places, of them repulsive to tender human sensibilities. She could have stopped to lay her eggs in a cozy thick blanket of damp commer- cial fertilizer around a firecracker bush; a rotting remnant of cabbage slaw slopped around a garbage can; a nice mouldy mess of garbage disposed of as trash and put on a trash dump; manure in a riding stable; a rotting potato-or any other kind of fermenting organic matter. A housefly lives a very fast life, growing from egg to full-fledged adult in eight to 20 days. In Isthmian warmth and dampness, the life cycle is short. The eggs that Mama Fly lays in mash- ed potatoes or elsewhere hatch in eight to 30 hours into larvae or maggots. The hungry little maggots have a mashed potato diet (our little flies from the garbage can) for 5 to 14 days, then they migrate to drier material and turn into dark brown nupas that look like 1 1 little seeds. Then in three to ten days (the fasts during this period) a grown- emerges, to go around spreading for the 30 days of his adult life. Flies are nasty little creatures. pupa up fly germs o one likes them very much, but some of the grade school health lessons about the germs they carry can stand repetition. The deposits flies leave on the things they touch may contain millions of dis- ease germs. They are at least suspect in transmitting bacillary and amoebic dysentery, cholera, typhoid fever, tuber- culosis and other "filth diseases." The virus of poliomyelitis has been recovered from flies. There are simple things that everyone can do to help keep flies from breeding- the only really effective way to keep them out of a community: 1. Report to the Division of Sanitation any conditions you see that may induce fly breeding. The Pacific side number is 2-2463. On the Atlantic side, call 3-2576. A great deal of time is lost trying to track down breeding places after flies are on the wing. 2. Report to the Grounds Maintenance Division any holes in garbage cans, missing covers, or any accumulation of garbage left in or dribbled around the THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW August 7 1953 Payne Handle Wardlaw Fif th of And W. Andrews Canal Ship & Co. Traffic Suppose you're an exporter andI have a cargo of wool to be sent from New'Zealamnd to England; possibly) you're shipping sugar from C(uba to Japan; or you might be concerned with Pacific Northwest lumber from the East Coast U. S. port. Perhaps you're a potential passenger from the Canal Zone to England or Australia or Curacao or Brazil. Could be you're a ship owner whose vessel has gotten into trouble in the Caribbean and needs:a tow into port by a Merritt (Chapman salvage tug; or your ship may have damaged a propeller or been in some mishap which should be reported to its insurance underwriters. Your ship might catch fire, like one recently which was carrying fish meal through the Canal to South Africa. Much of it had to be discharged onto the Cristobal docks so it could cool, the holds had to be entered and the smouldering fire completely controlled. There was another ship fire, too, not long ago. in which underwriters were on t interested. Fire broke out in a ship which was carrying phosphorus from Japan, in tin cans. Canal Zone firemen wet the cargo down but it re-ignited as soon as the phosphorous dried out. The dissolved phosphorous got onto cargo'nets and onto the decks. Men walking through it tracked it onto the dock where it could be ignited just like the matchheads it was eventually to become. Andrews, Payne & Wardlaw In any of these cases and a great many others, it would be quite likely that you'd be dealing with W. Andrews & Co. or Payne and Wardlaw, either as shipping agents or in their capacity as Lloyd's agents. Because they are headed by the same man, big, bo)ming-voiced Capt. Clifford Payne, many people confuse the two agencies. But actually they are as separate as any other two agencies. Reporters covering the waterfront in- variably have trouble at first straight- ening out the difference between the two and more than one has had to be re- m nfhdp( rpnptn r11 v th n t Pa vn 1 nd K^~r ('APT. CLIFFORD PAYNE Japan, the Netherlands, Greece, the Re- public of China, Denmark, Sweden, Honduras and Germany. The cargoes were as varied as the ships which carried them. A cargo of fish meal went through the Canal from South Africa to San Francisco. There was bulk wheat from the Pacific North- west and soya, several loads of it, from United States East Coast or Gulf ports to Japan. The P. & T. Voyager, transiting on May 10, carried fireworks from a Penn- sylvania port to the State of Washington, presumably to help some one celebrate the Fourth of July. Other ships carried steel girders, automobiles, machinery, coal, oil, cotton, phosphates, and dozens of other items, in quantities large and small. Queen's Ships In addition to handling commercial traffic, Andrews acts as agents for the British consul for all British and Com- monwealth Navy ships. The firm will handle the 15,900-ton Gothic when she transits the Canal late in November, carrying the Queen of England to Australia. Regardless of what festivities are prepared ashore, the Canal transit of the liner is expected to be routine. .___-- . . - 4 * * � 1I happen at halfway ports. If deck cargo on a lumber ship is going to shift, it usually shifts between the Pacific Northwest, from which most of it originates, and the Canal Zone. More than one such ship has had to tie up in the Canal Zone to have its lumber cargo restowed, to correct a dangerous list. Parts break, and if there are no re- placements aboard or they cannot be made locally, the agents usually have to radio to the United States to have a new part sent to the Isthmus by plane. War Days War days had nothing to do with the halfway point, but they brought all sorts of problems. Boarding officers remember the days when Cristobal harbor was full of convoys of big gray ships, all without identification and all much alike. The only way an agent could find his ship was to cruise among them by launch, calling to each ship as he passed it. When he had boarded one of his vessels he would mark an X on the gang- plank so that he wouldn't repeat his efforts. Provisioning ships of the varied nation- alities the two agencies handle presents some problems but not as many as might be expected. Most ships provision staples in their home ports and take on only perishable items here. But there are times when live goats have to be provided as food for Hindu seamen on some of the ships, or beef has to be slaughtered in accordance with the religious rites of other crewmen. Once one of the agencies rounded up a dozen goats, on the hoof, and presented them en masse to a transiting ship so the cook could take his pick. Goats used to be easily available in La Boca, but they have disappeared and a request for goats now usually means that some one has to make a trip to the Interior. Operate Here Most of the shipping agencies here are branch offices of parent companies established elsewhere, but Payne and Wardlaw and W. Andrews operate only at the Canal. [ ^k^^*tI -- yj rT- a^ nty r-llIfHn f w^ y\ cv n^ a^ a _ _ August 7, 1953 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW Forty ears July Ago Municipal Engineering Division forces began clearing the site for Miraflores Pump Station No. 1, one of the first steps in the construction of the water works for the southern end of the Canal. It was planned that water would be taken from the Caimitillo arm of Mira- flores Lake, pumped to the purification plant "to be located on the top of the Miraflores Hill immediately above the Miraflores spillway," and from there, by gravity flow, to a pump st where electric pumps wou mains leading to Panama. ation at Ancon ld force it into Paraiso was selected as headquarters for all dredging operations for the Canal. A plan approved by the Chairman and Chief Engineer 40 years ago in July provided that repair work on dredges then made at shops at both ends of the Canal would also be centralized in shops at Paraiso after water was turned into Culebra Cut. Construction work was started on the permanent electrical transmission line TYPICAL of the ships handled by W. Andrews & Co. is this 624-foot Norwegian tanker, Dalfimn, shown in Pedro Miguel locks. She was en route old, as were all young colonial boys, to boarding school in England. Colonial girls stayed in India until they were 12. He went to sea when he was 17 years old. The first ship on which he sailed was the Sierra Blanca, one of a fleet of 12 fine clippers which ran between Liverpool and Rangoon. Captain Payne got his master's license under sail at the end of a harrowing trip aboard another clipper called the Oread. The story of that trip would fill a book; its highlights were a shipwreck off the Peruvian coast, a 30- mile trek by burro across the Peruvian desert, and the discovery, in an isolated Peruvian town, of a schoolmate, when an interpreter was needed. When the Oread was finally aban Captain Payne joined the Pacific Navigation Company, serving with from 1899 until 1910. His last command was the Taboga which Panama's * -. i- : * done, Steam PSNC PSNC ran in coastwise service with its J. L4 * *1** flt.. .ih 2k* from San Pedro to Bergen with a load of fuel oil. W. Andrews & Co. is much older than Payne & Wardlaw. It was founded during the 1890's by William Thomas Andrews who represented the West India Mail Company in Colon. The original offices of the agency were in the Fort DeLesseps area, in an old wooden building which was demolished during the 1920's when the Army wanted room for expansion. When Mr. Andrews returned to Eng- land about 1920, he left his business in Captain Payne's charge and on his death in 1926, he bequeathed the good will of the firm to his old friend and associate. Agency Managers At the present time the operation of the organizations is managership of Per was with the White pool before joining 1925. His office 1 Cristobal. under the general owne Francey, who Star Line in Liver- Captain Payne in is now located in across the Isthmus. The system, de- scribed in the Canal Record as "simple and straightforward," provided for the transmission of electrical energy from "a source of generation at Gatun" to load centers at Miraflores, Balboa, and Cris- tobal. The transmission line, which was to parallel the Panama Railroad right- of-way, was to run from Cristobal to Balboa, permitting distribution of energy both ways from Gatun. Applications were received for the rent of Panama Railroad lots Nos. 1 and 2 on the waterfront at Cristobal. The United Fruit Company planned to build an office on one, the Canal Record stated, and th, Hamburg-American Line proposed to erect a two-story building on the other. The last of the three sluices through the ogee of Gatun Spillway Dam was closed and Gatun Lake started its final rise to its permanent level. A schedule was announced for the transfer of permanent buildings and the Canal shops from the town of Gorgona, one of the sites to be inundated as the lake stretched out to assume its final form. JL THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW August 7, 1953 Money He Hundreds Brought Counted thousands Him To For Panama; 36 Year it dollars passed through the hands of Edward Howell in the 47 years he worked for the Canal before he left the organization at the end of July. Hie had been a clerk and money counter in the Treasurer's Office at Cristobal for 36 of those years. Unlike most amateur money handlers and self appointed financiers, the long- time clerk believes that he has made very few mistakes. "If I had made many," he explained realistically during the last month of probably wouldn't still be around." His supervisors use such terms as "accurate, honest, responsible, and de- pendable" to explain the employee and the caliber of his work. He frequently found around the office money a caller dropped from a billfold, perhaps, in the process of cashing a check. Once he discovered $50 neatly hidden beneath a blotter near the cashier's cage. In that case, the cashier remem- bered having paid someone that amount during the day and, with a little detective work, found the rightful owner. Cashiers in the Canal organization also have had reason for gratitude to the long time money counter. The bags of money that they send to the Treasurer's office sometimes contain a few penmnies or a few dollars more or less than they have accounted for. Of course, that's Mr. Howell's job-to catch and rectify such errors. Like Apples on a Tree It was money that attracted Mr. Howell to the Canal Zone when he first came in 1906. He heard the stuff was "growing on the trees like apples" and came to see for himself. He was a bellhop in the Marine Hotel at home in Hastings, Barbados, when he made the great decision. He assumes he missed the money trees; the main things he remembers seeing when he got to the Isthmus were mudholes and mosquitoes "so big that when they stuck you, you saw blood." He first lived in a tent city labor camp, Otro Lado, on the "other side" of the Canal from Paraiso. He started to work digging holes, first for tower con- ,*- .... �;.' ... �. n , T) rn^.]_ -1_ J -I . . . I qc Treasurer's offic Treasurer's office ;e. Someone there became acquainted with the janitor and when the office needed a money counter, he was given the job that he held for the next 36 years. EDWARD HOWELL the foreman and the foreman liked liquor and paid the water boy from his pocket to bring Scotch as well as water on his rounds. On Sunday the men in the labor camps shared their "bathroom with alligators, making use of the Rio Grande River for baths and weekly laundry. The old timer also recalls that in those early days the laborers were given lodging checks after a day's work in the Canal. If they didn't work, they didn't get a check and couldn't sleep in the camps. If they weren't in camps, they were picked up by the police and were provided their night's lodging in jail. Clearances Unnecessary In 1907, he quit his water-carrying job and decided to try working on the other side of the Isthmus. " 'Clearances' for jobs weren't necessary then," he says. "No one checked up on you." New Paraiso Buildings Near Completion As School Begins In Local Rate Towns (Continued from page 6) grade three the students have advanced enough to be interested in the problems of simple com- munities, and fourth graders will learn something of the problems of complex communities like the Canal Zon By fifth grade they go fart and study "Panama and the Hemisphere," and sixth gra devote their attention to The Canal and the World. Only a few changes have b in the teaching staff for th schools. Gilberto Perez, who known in local musical circles, instrumental music this year at junior and senior high schools. Prescott, who in past years his time between the two high schools, will teach at Rain this year. Le. her afield Western ders will Panama een made e colored is well- will teach La Boca Reginald divided colored bow City -.A- IX ; a. On the Atlantic side, he went to work for a Health Department sanitary in- spector. The inspector condemned old rotten buildings min the town and his helper pulled them down and burned them. That work wasn't easy either, and one Saturday when his bones ached he stayed home to rest up for Monday. He rested, but had no job when he returned to work. So he went to work for somebody else, this time the District Quartermaster at Cristobal and served as janitor and night watchman at the old Lincoln House from 1914 to 1917. Working on so-called "scavenger gangs," which cleaned Canal offices and quarters, he also did some of the cleaning work at the Cristobal August 7, 1953 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW Veteran Employee 42 Years With P When Enrique de la Ossa entered the service of the Panama Railroad on July 12, 1911, he was assistant freight clerk in the Receiving and Forwarding Agency at the French pier in La Boca (now Balboa). Now, after 42 busy years in many positions of trust and responsibility, he has been assigned to still another new job. Effective this month he became Special Agent for the Panama Railroad. In this new post his long and thorough knowledge of the Railroad's relations with business activities in Panama can be of great value. Mr. de la Ossa's service was commended in a recent letter from A. C. Medinger, Railroad and Terminals Director, when he said: "Effective August 1, 1953, yo appointed to the position ol Agent for the Railroad Divisi position has been authorized President in recognition of your loyal service to the Railroad. tion of Special Agent is also important one and while the d not so arduous, it is expected knowledge of local conditions an freight operations will be of spe to the Railroad Division. "Please accept my congratul your having completed 42 years on July 12th, and of course, satisfaction we get out of a Restrictions 'u will be f Special on. This by the long and The posi- a very duties are that your d railroad cial value nations on of service the best life-long Completes anama Railroad father later became Supreme Court Justice, a post which he held until his death in 1936. In his honor Panama City named one of its busiest streets, J. F. de la Ossa Avenue, which most people know as "Automobile Row." Although he was very young, the younger de la Ossa fought for his coun- try's independence. Then, with Panama safely a sovereign nation he was sent to complete his education in the United States where he quickly had to learn a language he had never spoken before. After finishing h in order to have commercial acti Panama Consul and then for tw he returned to entered the serv road. He had ti opportunities to turned down all is school a practice cities, he ate in o export the Isth ice of th hen, and work el offers, ng in 191 al know worked 08, and edge of at the lew York firms. In imus where e Panama has since, r sewhere bu City 1911 e he Rail- many it he to continue his railroad service. Gold Over the Piers ENRIQUE DE LA OSSA careeristhe knowledge of a job well done. Old Isthmian Enrique de la Ossa' known in the history of Panama. Born in February 23, 1888, he Dr. Manuel Amador, w ama's first president, a de la Ossa, Alcalde o Commutation Family s family is w of the Repul Panama City is the nephew ho became P nd son of J. rf Panama. t Of Leave In his first was closely in of tons of cargoc Balboa each m America or thi ment across tl some time he w for gold or oth came in cargo. Day after d cargo moveme and forwardin neared complex tons of freight railroad; the was well above Shipments fro weighed those job as way-bill clerk, he touch with the thousands Which were discharged in )nth from South or Central e Far East for transship- he Isthmus by rail. For as specie clerk, responsible er precious material which lay, he took part in the nts on the pier, receiving g freight as the Canal tion. In 1911, 1,871,076 t crossed the Isthmus by fol fe m so lowing year the two m the Pacifi uthbound. * the figure million mark. c side out- Will Become Restrictions on the amount of leave which Canal employees can commute to cash on leaving the service become effec- tive after the last day of this month. The new rule on commutation of leave was contained in legislation passed by Congress at this session amending the general leave laws applicable to all Federal Government employees. The new legislation does method of accruing leave n of leave which may be The restrictions on leave not affect the or the amount accumulated. commutation Effective September will have earned 540 hours but only 324 hours may be commuted to cash. In both instances, leave earned above the amount which may be commuted can be taken by Mr. A. before leavingthe service. Mr. B., a U. S.-rate employee, was employed January 1, 1950, and had 720 hours of accrued leave at the beginning of this year. If he leaves the service at the end of October of this year, he may take leave earned since last January but it may not be commuted on leaving the service. The year after the Canal was opened, slides blocked it completely for several months. Shipowners hastily arranged for a transfer of bottoms; cargo which had been destined for transit through the Canal was transshipped by rail and reloaded into ships on the other side of the Isthmus. Pier and shipping facilities were strained. Moved to Pier 18 When Pier 18 was opened, 1916, Mr. de la Ossa's office ferred there and in 1922 he cargo clerk in charge of the job also involved boarding agency work for all lines for If... - . .. n* .. 1. Tj-�h^j As rv rh a f r, a an n on April 1, was trans- was made piers. His and doing which the l THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW August 7,1953 AUGUST SAILINGS From Cristobal Panama .. .. ...-. . .. . . August 7 Cristobal . --......... .-� . August 14 Ancon - _August 21 Panama .. ... . .........August 28 From New York Cristobal .. . ... August 4 Ancon . ..... . . August 11 Panama ..... - ............ August 18 Cristobal ... . .. .... . . .. August 25 (Northbound, the ships are in Haiti from 7 a. m. to noon Sunday; southbound, the Haiti stop is Saturday from 7 a. m. to 4 p. m.) Employees who ob: versaries during the alphabetically below includes all Govern Canal or other agen tinuous service with with (*). )served important anni- month of July are listed . The number of years merit service with the cies. Those with con- the Canal are indicated 45 YEARS Joseph C. Hannigan, Lockmaster, At- lantic Locks,. *Enrique de Panama City, Bureau. 42 YEARS la Ossa, Railroad Local Agent, and Terminals 41 YEARS George H. Cassell, Housing Balboa. *Emmett Community 40 YEARS Zemer, Safety Bureau. Services Manager, Inspector, 35 YEARS Hans P. Pedersen, Foremat Repair Station, Dredging Division 30 YEARS H. Conrad Dodson, Supervi counting Clerk, Comptroller's Offi Frank W. Hohmann, Cash Ac Clerk, Comptroller's Office. John R. McLavy, Chemist, Bureau. Alan S. Wallace, Pilot. .1, I 1. 1 sing :e. tcou nting Health 25 YEARS John M. Fahnestock, Captain of Police, Cristobal District. Beatrice S. Gardner, Teacher, Balboa. Frances M. Griggel, Su (Drygoods), Commissary Di George A. Halloran, Foreman, Maintenance Divi Russel J. Jones, Chief, Branch. High ipply A vision. Heavy sion. Cost A School assistant Labor accounts Georoe O. Lee. Instructor. Ir. College. Employees who were promoted or trans- ferred between June 15 and July 15 are listed below. Regradings and within-grade promotions are not listed. ADMINISTRATIVE BRANCH Mrs. Beatrice E. Lee, from Records Administrator, Records Section, to Passen- ger Traffic Clerk, Transportation Section. CIVIL AFFAIRS BUREAU Billy W. Cole, from Property and Supply Clerk,Commissary Division,to Postal Clerk. Mrs. Eileen M. O'Brien, from Substi- tute Teacher to Physical Education Teacher. Earl R. Hatten, from Policeman to Fireman. Richard B. Hoard, from Guard, Atlantic Locks, to F Donald Personnel 1R Carletor Kenneth from Firem Chester ire H. ,eci iF. T. an W man. Boland, from File Clerk, words Division, to Postal Clerk. SHallett, Frank J. Bartlett, Daly, James V. Bartlett, to Fire Sergeant. . Pearson, from Fireman to Policeman. Jay L. Pittington, from Guard, Pacific Locks, to Policeman. Sigurd E. Esser, from Director, Second- ary Education, to Director of Schools. Roger W. Collinge, from Director, Ele- mentary Education, to Assistant Superin- tendent and Director of Elementary Education. Charles A. Dubbs, from Training Officer, Personnel Bureau, to Director, Secondary Education, Schools Division. COMMUNITY SERVICES BUREAU Mrs. Annie R. Rathgeber, from Clerk- Stenographer, Clubhouse Division, to Clerk- Typist, Office of Director. Beauford J. Hartley, General Operator, from Division of Sanitation to Grounds Maintenance Division. OFFICE OF COMPTROLLER Mrs. Marion E. Troup, Leave, and Payroll Clerk, t Clerk, Payroll Branch. John W. D. Collins, from Pacific Locks Overhaul, to Cost Analyst, Plant Inventory al Staff. Richard M. Coy, from Clerk, Electrical Division, to Internal Audit Staff. from Time, o Retirement Timekeeper, Construction and Apprais- Accounting Accountant, ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION BUREAU Frank H. Robinson, from Policeman Enginee graphic John Operator Electric David Engineer Branch, Division ring Bra. W r to al Di V. r, Mi to *. Aid, Meteorological and Hydro- ich. . Short, from Powerhouse Senior Powerhouse Operator, vision. Kennedy, from Hydraulic eteorological and Hydrographic Civil Engineer, Maintenance Robert Van Wagner, Administrati Assistant, from Maintenance Division Office of Maintenance Engineer. n . - w . r n t . Dr. John L. Winkler, Dr. Robert V. Balfour, Dr. Ernest O. Svenson, from Intern to Medical Officer, Pacific Medical Clinics. Col. Merrill C. Davenport, from Medi- cal Officer to Chief, Medical Service, Gorgas Hospital. Donald N. Zeese, from Superintendent, Street Cleaning and Refuse Collection, Di- vision of Sanitation, to Medical Equipment Repairman, Ambulance Service. INDUSTRIAL BUREAU David A. Hope, from Student Assistant, Dredging Division, to Apprentice Welder, Industrial Bureau. MARINE BUREAU George E. Riley, Jr., from Signalman to Supervisory Signalman, Navigation Division. Kenneth L. Bailey, from Dock Fore- man to Shipbuilding Inspector, Navigation Division. William T. O'Connor, from Super- visory Signalman to Dock Foreman, Navi- gation Division. John M. Klasovsky, from Lock Operator Leader Wireman to Control House Oper- ator, Atlantic Locks. Merrill T. Webster, from Lock Oper- ator Wireman to Lock Operator Leader Wireman, Atlantic Locks. Ralph W. Henderson, Joseph Quintal, from Machinist, Locks Overhaul, to Lock Operator Machinist, Pacific Locks. James P. Johnson, Norman R. Hutchinson, from Pilot-in-Training, to Probationary Pilot, Navigation Division. Henning J. Spilling, from Stevedore Foreman, Terminals Division, to Towboat Master, Navigation Division. James A. Schofield, from Machinist, Industrial Bureau, to Lock Operator Ma- chinist, Atlantic Locks. Eugene White, from Gauger and Crib- tender Foreman, Terminals Division, to Signalman, Navigation Division. Everette N. Clouse, Combination Weld- er, from Maintenance Division to Dredging Division. William E. Johnson, from Third Assist- ant Marine Engineer, U. S. Taboga, to Chief Towboat Engineer, Navigation Division. Anthony J. Catanearo, Machinist, from Industrial Bureau to Dredging Divi- sion. Harvey B. Trower, Towboat Master, from Dredging Division to Ferry Service. John A. Taylor, from Maintenance Mechanic, Colon Hospital, to Guard, Atlantic Locks. RAILROAD AND TERMINALS BUREAU Edward H. Bensen, from Junior High School Teacher, Schools Division, to Gauger and Cribtender Foreman, Terminals Division. Henry C. Freeman, from Public Works Foreman, Maintenance Division, to Steve- nri-o wrnrrman nt'orminI nivicjinn PROMOTIONS AND TRANSFERS June 15 through July 15 ANNIVERSARIES August 7, 1953 Security Check Require THE PANAMA sensitive 12-18 Positions Months T CANAL REVIEW Complete Ten Captain ears 1 July George Herman Ago was named The security review check of all employ- ees of the Canal organization, now being conducted by the Internal Security Branch, is a normal, routine check of all employees of the U. S. Federal Govern- ment. It is not a "witch hunt" or something new and menacing. It is required by a recent Executive Order, establishing security requirements for government employees, and setting up "sensitive" positions in the Federal serv- ice. A "full-field investigation," which means that a thorough check is made of sources furnishing background on the employee's activity every employee o' position. The order, date numbered 10450, is from government all persons not su employment. This es, must be made of ccupying a sensitive d last April 27 and designed to weed out positions everywhere iited for government would affect not only those who might traffic with or be sym- pathetic to an unfriendly nation but also those who for such reasons as mental or moral instability are poor security risks. Between 12 and 18 months will be required to complete the investigation of occupants of "sensitive" positions in the Canal organization, according to word from the Internal Security Branch which is handling the Company-Government's Security Program. "Sensitive" positions, generally defined, are whose whose occupants: 1. May have access to security informa- tion classified as "confidential," "secret," or "top secret," or 2. May have the opportunity to commit acts which directly or indirectly could have an adverse effect on national security. The local action is in accord with that taken in all government organizations, in the United States or overseas, and is required by Executive Order No. 10450. The somewhat complicated forms which employees in positions considered as "sensitive" are now filling out are similar to those used in the other government agencies. A sheet of instructions accompanies each form and personnel of the Internal Security Branch stand ready to assist tmnlnvsR hvb answrinf snTecial aiuestions days, through the Chief, Internal Secur- ity Branch, statements and affidavits refuting the charges on which the suspen- sion is based. These statements will be reviewed and position of the the Governor, 1. Restore t duty; in such compensated f 2. Transfer a rec case who he si case ommendation for dis- will be submitted to may then: ispended employee to the employee will be or the period of suspension. the employee to another position within the Company-Govern- ment. 3. Terminate the employment of the suspended individual. In addition to the foregoing protection, which is guaranteed to all Company- Government employees, United States citizens, who have completed the proba- tionary period in permanent or indefinite appointments, are entitled to: 1. A written statement of charges. 2. An opportunity to answer charges. 3. A hearing before an impartial board. 4. A review by the Governor of the board's findings. WELL DRESSED BABIES no longer wear only pink or blue. Dame Fashion has decreed and the clothing industry has deferred to baby clothes of maize and mint or almost any other light color that appeals to mothers. Following the little fashion lead, the Commissaries have new infants' dress and slip sets trimmed in maize and mint and colored gripper diaper pants and shirts of yellow. "Redi-Tea," expected in the stores in August, will eliminate the boiling, steep- Tall ing, cooling and sugaring involved and in serving iced tea. It is a liquid Cool to which you add only water to make this cooling drink. An eight- ounce bottle, White Rose brand, will cost about 23 cents. The directions say use two or more teaspoonsful to make a glass of iced tea of the desired strength." "NYLAST," also expected this month, is a new "shampoo" for nylon hose which the .nan.. Cnr4f..ra tn.,m will i.10; wofi, falfl Assistant Chief of the Police and Fire Division. The new Police Chief A. O. Meyer, named a month before, was given the rank of Major. A new regulation was placed in effect providing that persons employed by The Panama Canal in the United States for service on the Isthmus would be required agree to rem reimburse in in service for he organization a full year for travel expenses. The new Canal Zone Air Terminal formally the new southbou building month ea delayed condition was opened. The first plane to use airport was a Panagra airliner, nd for Lima. The terminal had been completed about a Lrlier but the opening had been because of faults in the air ing system. W. M. Whitman, Attorney in the General Counsel's Office, was named Assistant General Counsel of The Panama Canal and Assistant Counsel for the Panama Rail- road Company on the Isthmus. A SEVEN-MINUTE fluffy frosting mix is one of the new kitchen time and labor savers coming to the Commissaries this month. A six-ounce package will cost about 30 cents. A new New Furniture GOOD spikes are shipment of Heywood-Wa furniture, of Monticello and maple, is now in the GOLF OVERSHOES witi now in the stores. They cost AFicionados of I will Pizza new Pies pack and A 129-ounce 50 cents. talian food-and who isn be glad to know there pizza mix. It comes age that includes the s is expected during Au package will cost a kefield cherry stores. h steel $4.75. t?- is a in a auce gust. about "WHITE SHOULDERS" perfume and co- logne will be in the stores in August. Car pens for babies, new in the stores, can hk ipcAr, Aither nc the ticii hnhv Will _16__________________THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW___________August 7,1953 STATISTICS ON CANAL TRAFFIC For the purpose of comparison between pre-war and post-war traffic through the Panama Canal, statistics for the fiscal year 1938 are used in this section, as being more nearly normal for peace time than those for 1939. 1929 1952 1953 1929 1952 1953 1929 1952 1953 ^ <. ^ -/ -> ^- r- ^ -^ r v r- ^ -J -i ^ {- v TOLLS A -� r CREDITS . ^ r. 1466 ^ , . . I---S--^-^1 ,i ^ ^-,-,--, 7 -11 A- . U^/U^^UrWil ~1 ^ T ^ ~t --< ::^ ^^J. ^; 7 ^LS1 ^ F-' -Tvii 1 r- ifii"'*'^>""� '* * ***-*4^T.**i'"TT . i i n < �- *W L-l-ii-) -> TDLLS^ v X'-X^-S^^^ i1 ', *'� ', ] ' CREDITS s/ r'DrruTc: CvvX^OvQvQs^ i i' ' ' f i 1 -i ^ ^ncL'iio s/ r^^t-^TS X<<'^^^ i i .1 < ' i i ^ t55?603B t->rt"i ? V l'XK>006<^^ I I 1 I 'r1 ^1^^-w^'L/tJO 'si ^ '' ^ � . ^8sMMtL^% ; *',''' ', I'; *; * ''*', ' I t T r \, * , -^ ^ v r ^ ^ ^COMMERCIAL]; 1^; ;1;';.1.1!'^ c -i � ^ >\ -------------, ICOMMERCIAL^ '^It^'^1^ '^P^??^'^^^ ^ I 'i'1','111'''' \ \''', r -TOLLS 7 ' !1^1^ ^1^ ^ ^^^^^^ ^y;^^^^^':^?:^?; ^! f ^ \\'11''11 '*'*\ '^J^S^:^ \ ', '11- '1 ^^y^^. ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ IsM^M^ ^; |; '*; |;;;;;;;; SR^i?�^ ; I ^t^i^ ; !;:;:;;; ; ^;;; ^ ^^sN^ ^^i^^^; ^f^ ^M ; ^ ^N^^ :;:;;^;::;:;;;! ^ N^ ;;;;; ; ;;;:; ?^ ^ ^ ; ; S^ N^ ;;;; ; ;:;;:;;; i?;^ ^ ;;;:; ; ;;;;;;; m ^ ^ ; : ^-a^^m ;:;; ; ;;;;;;; I ^*.*-*.***.**^ ::-.Y.'; .;. *. \ M - :.'.'; -; :^:? :::<:::*::*:: * ; ' ^ ^^ y ^ ': *;;;;'; ; *;'; *;;'; OCEAN-GOING .OCEAN-GOING- OCEAN-GOING. OCEAN-GOING .OCEAN-GOING' 'OCEAN-GOING S^A AN-) *: SlulAl'l' Aun :* ,^r 3-11 COMMERC AL ^COMMEROAL:, ; %M^CAL^ CC.M>. ERCIAL ^MMEy.lAL;: ; ,COMM .RCAU OCEAN^^NG [o^ - SSSa 'OC^ A^G ^ ::/.\".\<-':-.-.:-:.^ i1 * 1' *:''.' i * *t -C ^*.*.*ly-:^-'-:?.-.-/.* i *:''''.' ' * *' I 1 COMMERCIAL .'COMMERCIAL ; , 'COMMERCIAL' *.*;.:*.*;;.-:::.*****.*.*; ' * *'*'.' " *ff *%\^*.:*"*^^^^^^^^ *'-'>' 1 1 1 '1/ 1 ! i ****.*.*.*:.*,*:;;:::*..-.* i'^ '-fl.1W >'W i�� g^;;s| *�� ^^^il IMBI mm e2li9 -;^6524^;; ;;^;7- 0^f� 27^ 666 :.:36'.674.302-; t 36.678 ^ ij; ; 27.28.893 ;t26:995'772 ^3 917 55'' *.^.*.*.***W :-^::-. *'.l l * .'*'"***''>';! *'*'-'*'%',".'- 1 < I ' l ' \ i i ' i ' *//.'*'-'" *';^^""^ ^'. ' I ' l ' ' i i ' ' >'-'^ *,'-'*'*'*'.'," 'i.'-"';''"' i i i ' i 1 ' ' i i i ^^ KUff ^^;;;;;::;: --I ^ ^;;:; lillB ^^^^ TRANSIT P. C. TONNAGE TOLLS COLLECTED LARGE COMMERCIAL Trancit Tnllc Tnnni�ra MONTHLY COMMERCIAL TRAFFIC AND TOLLS i ransn_ i ons, i onnage ^^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ Comparisons Tell Story By fiscal years A nDAPUTn ciTnov ^f u,,. ,,^�,,��� s , - August 7,1953 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW CANAL'S BANNER YEAR EXCEEDS FORECASTS MADE BY SEVERAL WELL-KNOWN ANALYSTS No soothsayer ever had a more trouble- some time with his predictions than the many experts for the past half century in forecasting Panama Canal traffic for any appreciable period. Because of the extreme fluctuations in the number of ships moving through the Canal as reflected by world changes of an economic long-range tr unpredictable. however, sine r o0 aff e political 1 1 nature, 11 ic trends are all our The past fiscal year, the number of transits and total net tonnage figures far exceeded former records, was a banner one for all forecasters except the most optimistic. The accompanying chart above shows the prediction of Dr. Roland L. Kramer in 1947 on Canal transits for the last half of this century. Dr. Kramer, Professor of Commerce and Transportation at the Wharton School of Finance and Com- merce of the University of Pennsylvania, was employed as a traffic consultant for the Isthmian Canal Studies of 1947. Kramer Estimated Low As indicated on the chart, the number of ocean-going commercial transits and total transits both exceeded his predic- tions for the first time. In making his estimate of future traffic trends, Dr. Kramer added 7.4 percent to cover the factor of through or partial transits for Panama Canal equipment. Since the lines indicating traffic from 1947 through 1953 show actual transits, his prediction on total traffic for the past year was well under the actual number. The first of many forecasts of Panama Canal traffic was made about 50 years ago for the first Isthmian Canal Com- mission by Dr. Emory R. Johnson, also Professor of Transportation and Com- merce at the University of Pennsylvania. His estimate was contained in reports prepared on the industrial and commercial value of a canal. His second forecast, and one which was remarkably accurate, was prepared shortly before the Canal was opened in 1914 while serving as Special Commis- sioner on Panama Canal Traffic and Tolls. Slip? A Factnr .* ,. * f t ^- FIS AL 4 . . '40 40 �. 6Q FISCAL YEAR Net tonnage, commercial vessels over 300 tons, fiscal year 1953 .. Net tonnage, tolls credit ves- sels, 1953_ Total net tonnage, fiscal year 1953 ( C. S. Ridley (1923) . _ _ Harry Burgess and R . A. Wheeler (1929) ... Sydney B. Williamson (1929- 31) . . Grover G. Huebner (1936) Roland L. Kramer (1947) . 36,500,000 6,500,000 43,000,000 41,200,000 50,000,000 51,900,000 37,500,000 36,600,000 The forecast made by General Ridley, former Panama Canal Governor, was made while serving as Assistant Engineer of Maintenance. His estimate was based on 1924 figures projected to 1925 which failed to materialize and therefore his forecast is somewhat higher than it would have been had he used the actual 1925 traffic figures. The estimates prepared by Governor Burgess and General Wheeler when the latter was serving as Assistant Engineer of Maintenance were based primarily on a review of traffic statistics for both Suez and Panama Canals. The figures used were based on measurement rules in effect prior to 1938 and therefore the total figure of 50,000,000 net tons is somewhat higher than if the estimate were trans- 1 - .1 . . . 1 - -- - the Officer-in-Charge of the 1929-31 Nicaraguan Canal Survey. It was based on the interrelation of world shipping, Panama Canal traffic, and Suez Canal traffic over the years 1890 to 1930, inclusive. Dr. Huebner, another Professor of Com- merce and Transportation at the Univer- sity of Pennsylvania, prepared his estimate while employed by a special committee to report on Canal tolls and rules of measurement. It was baf of Suez traffic from 187( Panama Canal general figures from 1923 to 1936. sed on tonnage 0 to 1935 and tonnage When Sea Level Is Not Sea Level And Why The Tides Are Different (Continued from page 4) gates. The tidal lock would be on a channel by-pass; oper- ated much as are the present locks, it would have a chamber 200 feet wide and 1,500 feet long. In the normal operation of the tidal regulation structures, the navigable pass would be open when the Pacific tides are near mean sea level, and during these periods traffic would be routed through the pass. During tidal stages which would pro- duce channel currents over the limited THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW August 7, 1953 Governor Fron Receives i Panama Letter Landlords TRAFFIC MOVEMENT OVER MAIN TRADE ROUTES The following table shows the cargo shipments in thousands of long tons, of com- minercial vessels (300 net tons or over) segregated into eight main trade routes: High praise for the efficiency of the personnel connected with the water man- agement contrn trash collection publicly express prietors Assoc management c the Maintenan bage and trasi Health Bureau t( ii se ia or ce h t and the garbage and n Panama City has been d bv the Panama Pro- tion. Both the water tract administered by Division and the gar- collection work of the in Panama and Colon terminated at the end of June. Appreciation for the manner in which the work was done was expressed in a letter to Governor Seybold from Carlos A. Patterson, Secretary of the Panama Proprietors Association, who said in part: "The Panama Association of Pro- prietors, in the name of all the land- lords in Panama, is pleased to acknowledge publicly in writing the sincere appreciation felt toward the heads and personnel of the Water Office and the Garbage Collection Department, fully and effic "The high beats in eve moves us to ledgment and to all Canal Z who iently spirit ry Pa make ,ina one re worked so faith- Suntil June 30. of justice which namanian breast public acknow- very special way, sident citizens, of the just recognition of the work of these services as perfo American personnel for of Panama over a lo years." )rmed by the ' the Republic ng period of Plans Proceeding For Conversion Of Zone Electricity To 60-Cycle; (Cnmtinued from page 1) proponents of thE 60-cycle idea obtained medical opinion that the 25-cycle current would produce eye strain, while 25-cycle advocates held that excessive reading, by any frequency, would be detrimental to eyesight. The question arose again at the time Madden hydroelectric station was buili in the early 1930's, and serious thought has again been given to the matter since about 1950. Main Routes Gain As Canal Shipping Has Record Yeari FISCAL United States East Coast of East Coast of East Coast of I ltercoastal I". S. and South Am I'. S. and Central .\ 1". S., Canada, and I. S/Canada East Coast and Aus Europe and \Vest Coast of U. Europe andI S.C jerica - nerica Far East. tralasia anlada - South Anerica - - Europe and Australasia All other routes... Total Traffic - - 1953 4,871 5,176 552 7,848 1,456 4,036 1,491 2,137 8,528 36,095 YEAR S 1952 4,279 5,098 528 6,283 1,634 5,970 1,706 2,478 33 ,o-1 5,635 33,611 1938 6,395 2,652 46 4,912 992 4,237 2,974 1,251 3,927 27,386 Canal commercial traffic by nationality of vessels Fiscal Years 1953 1952 1938 N a tito nality~ r----~ -,"* - "----"" " -v------ tt li Numrn- N um- Num- her of Tonw of her of |Tons of her of Tons of transit cargo transit- cargo transit cargo Argentine ...----- I 3 13,670 2 18,507 .. .... .. . Belgian.. . Brazilian British Chilean .... Chinese . Colombian - - Costa Rican Cuban-.. . I)anish Ectadorean1 - - Estonian - Korean (South) Finnish .. French ........ German .... Greek ..... Guatemalan -- Hoinluran - Hungarian l- Icelandic Irish . . . Iranian ... Italian .. Japanese - Latvian Liberian Mexican Moroccan..... Netherland ... Nicaraguan - Norwegian Panamanian- - Peruvian_ - Philippine - - Port uguese S t t I 1 r (Continued from page I) previous year. Both dry cargo tonnage and tanker 1~ .AC>tl^ 59 144 9 206 152 2 141 230 92 2 400 28 1 1 141 320 { 77-I 10,300 7.877,279 322.415 291,480 144,654 57,651 6 7,967 209 211 115 36 21.181 9.700 677,501 2,113,273 7 559 105 814 3 575 .319 ,866 ,541 ,855 ,389 .370 ,960 ,104 ,680 ,073 .632 ,420 ,152 ,457 A * 740 13,164 9,220 462,451 696,794 337,271 19,916 2 ,()) 3 285 667 182 5 3 6.41 2 1 4,021 67,288 18,593 25,351 8,478 24,411 153,417 1,877,502 4,900 --. s August 7, 1953 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW Hospital Insurance, Quarters Assignments Discussed At July Employee Conference (Continued from page 3} assignments in Ba boa had been so declined. Other subjects brought up in th conference were: A change in schedules from tha Balboa pool will and other pools sixb Discontinuance dump and inaugu the swim t originally a be opened si days weekly of the Diabl ration of a r ling nnou even ' * lo .e the hills behind Red Tank; The expected demolition of all 1 Red Tank by Christmas, 1953 Proposed transfer to Margarit antic side drivers' license e: ho is a police officer and whose uld give Margarita a more pers rvice than it has at present a nation (This proposal was object veral Atlantic side conferees, being studied further); rubbish w dump mildings a of the examiner, presence onalized is a call ed to by and is Service Credit A renewed request that part-time or "Silver Roll" service be credited toward U. S.-rate housing assignments; and an estimate that 100 to 150 employees would be affected by this change; the Personnel Director will undertake a study; Quarters maintenance, to be reported They Moved A series of changes in Canal office assignments which began early in May is now nearing completion. The prin- cipal changes and new office locations are summarized as follows: The Treasurer's Office, Claims Branch and Agency Accounts Branch, all of the Comptroller's Office, have moved to Building 5142 in Diablo Heights. The Supply and Service Director's Office is now in Rooms 262-270 while the Comptroller and his immediate staff, as well as the Accounting Systems Staff, now occupy all offices on the second floor of the west wing of the Administration Building. The Man- agement Staff of the Comptroller's Office has moved to Room 112. The Locks Division headquarters are now located at Pedro Miguel Locks. The Wage and Classification Division has moved to Room 102 of the Admin- istration Building with other Personnel Bureau units. The Internal Security Branch has moved to the former Treasurer's office on the first floor. The rooms vacated by this office on the third floor of the Administration Building are now occu- pied by the Community Services Director. The Real Estate Unit has been transferred from Diablo Heights to the third floor of the Administration Building. The Survey Branch is now located in the former Diablo Heights Fire Station. Here nissarrv Assistant, Anconl 32 years. 3 � - , months, 10 days; Lutz, Fla. Ross H. Hollowell, Ohio; Estimator and Planner, Industrial Bureau; 34 years, 2 months, 16 days; Hendersonville, N. C Robert W. Hutchings, Mississippi; Assistant Auto Repair Foreman, Motor Transportation Division; 30 years, 8 months, 1 day; San Jose, Calif. Vard A. Kerruish, Missouri; Steward, Clubhouse D)ivision; 22 years, 10 months, 24 days; St. Petersburg, Fla. Godfrey B. Pacetti, Florida; Fleet Machinist, IDredging Division; 23 years, 5 months, 13 days; Panama. Norman E. Rocker, Nebraska; Admin- istrative Assistant, Office of Engineering and Construction Di)rector; 34 years, 6 months, 27 days; California. Irl R. Sanders, Kentucky; Control House Operator, Atlantic Locks; 25 years, 8 months, 12 days; Glasgow, Ky. William C. Smith, Kentucky; Control House Supervisor, Atlantic Locks; 30 years, 2 months, 22 days; Miami, Fla. Frank Turman, Connecticut; Plumb- ing Inspector, Contract and Inspection Division; 12 years, 10 months, 9 days; Lorain, Ohio. at August Reducti service at contempla conference: on of hours and coo the Gamboa Clubho ted instead of closing ked food use, now the club- house as originally proposed; this will be discussed further by the Lieutenant Governor with a delegation from Gamboa; Parking at the Balboa post office, where the number of parking spaces was recently curtailed; accidents in this area have dropped sharply; the administration feels return to angle parking would be a step backward; Anniversary Stickers A protest that residents of New Cris- tobal have to buy Panamanian 50th anniversary stickers before their cars can be given the required semi-annual inspec- tion; the Lieutenant Governor as matter of priority is investigating legality and possible relief; New regulations on commutation of leave pay when an employee resigns or retires (covered elsewhere in this issue); And a general round-table discussion, with a hKip avnhlnlntl3rn h1,r ?rxlnrMn P0v Principal commodities shipped through the Canal (All figures in thousands of long tons) Figures in parentheses in 1938 and 1952 columns indicate relative positions in those years ATLANTIC TO PACIFIC Fiscal Year Commodity - --------.... Mineral oils - Coal and coke- Manufactures of Sugar ..._... Soy beans and p Phosphates - Sulphur_ Paper and paper Cement.... Blarley ... Machinery_ - Automobiles _ Rice - Tinplate Raw cotton _ All others _ iron and products. steel - - products 1 3, *7 ? IfA 1 t in 1938 907 (3). 137 (15) 1,859 (1) 57 (31) 328 (6) 297 (7) 423 (5) 154 (11) ( ) 168 (10) 238 (8) 142 (13) 4,771 i ~ ~ #i C/ Ck Where RETIREMENTS IN JULY Retirement certificates were presented the end of July to the following employees who are listed alphabetically, together with their birthplaces, titles, length of service and future addresses: Mrs. Mary L. Clements, Ohio; Com- in in At wh CO. ser st se' t THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW August 7, 1953 PICTURES OF THE MONTH C - 1 **.K: *.n :, I. ' JULY brought a number "firsts" to the Canal Zone-first occasions or first visits. Shirley Million, Governor of Girls' State, said goodbye to Acting Governor H. O. Paxson just before she left on her first visit to Girls' Nation in Washington. Hundreds of midshipmen, on summer cruises from Annapolis or Naval ROTC units in States colleges, made their first trips to the Panama Canal locks. Under Secretary of the Army Earl D. Johnson, new chairman of the Panama Canal Company, took his first look at the controls which operate the locks, and Pete, pet of the piers, was first in line when dog licensing and inoculation of Canal dogs against rabies began new |


text:
A recent verdict was issued by Santa Clara Superior Court Judge James P. Kleinberg regarding removal of lead paint from homes in several California counties. The final verdict ordering Sherwin-Williams, National Lead and ConAgra to pay $1.15 billion into a fund to remove lead paint from homes in various counties and cities in California is the largest public nuisance award in California history and comes after 13 years of litigation. The case has gone to the Court of Appeal twice and the California Supreme Court. The court increased the final verdict and judgment from $1.1 billion to $1.15 billion by increasing the amount payable for the cost of remediation of the lead paint.
According to Judge Kleinberg, Sherwin-Williams, National Lead and ConAgra or their predecessors were liable for promoting lead paint while knowing of its poisonous effects on children. The medical literature and the companies' own internal documents demonstrate that the companies knew by the early 1900s that lead paint was injurious to children. Although banned in 1978, lead paint remains on millions of homes in the California counties of Santa Clara, Alameda, Los Angeles, Monterey, San Mateo, Solano and Ventura; as well as the city and county of San Francisco and the cities of San Diego and Oakland.
This verdict is likely to have major ramifications for the paint industry.
"If this penalty does hold up in the courts and Sherwin-Williams and others have to pay up, R&D new product output will be slowed dramatically," said Phil Phillips, president of CHEMARK Consulting. "Of course, this will be due to a fear that raw materials used today could be culled out in the near future as 'bad actors' and ruled as such by our courts."
CHEMARK recognizes this ruling is focused on the architectural paint sector right now, but it could influence other sectors such as OEM and specialty products in the near future. "The specialty products sector – traffic, maintenance and new construction and aerosols – would be the most logical impact adjacent extension of this ruling," Phillips continued. "This latter U.S. situation will slow progress not only in meeting new coatings/paints need demands but will compound substrates to be coated and their development. Accentuating this potential legal strangle hold within the U.S. and EU, is the relative 'freedom' for other countries to use whatever raw materials they want to chose, both domestically and importing products as well."
The ruling could also have a ripple effect on other states in the U.S.
"Of course the other obvious negative potential impact of this ruling would be to strengthen the resolve of other states, seeking a share of damages, to re-enter the lead issue," Phillips concluded.
Recent California Court Ruling Could Have Major Repercussions for the Paint Industry
By Kerry Pianoforte, Editor
Published January 22, 2014
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Celebrating the centennial of the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge, here is the classic account of one of the greatest engineering feats of all time. Read More
Celebrating the centennial of the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge, here is the classic account of one of the greatest engineering feats of all time. Read Less
1983, Simon & Schuster
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Mar 16, 2014
No one can write a non-fiction story like David McCullough! At first, I thought he started a little too far back; however, the reasoning became obvious before long. This wasn?t just the story of the building of the Brooklyn Bridge; it was the story of an age ? the Age of Optimism. It is a tale of the social climate that promoted and then threatened the completion of this 14 year masterpiece. A telling comment was offered early in the story; when engineers went over the Brooklyn Bridge (after many, many years) to determine what repairs were necessary; they all agreed that the bridge needed a fresh coat of paint! It is a tribute to the Roebling family that their creation was so sound that it needed little to continue its crucial place in New York-Brooklyn commerce and life into the next century. This is an extensive history; at times I thought there was a bit too much detail. However, the author magically wove together the scoundrels with the heroes/heroine and the important time in which this bridge was undertaken to create a fascinating history. To me, it seemed to be the story of a miracle! I?ve never had any interest in going to New York or Brooklyn; after reading this opus, I can hardly wait to go!
Larry M
Jan 3, 2013
Haven't started reading it yet. We did receive the book promptly and in good condition, as all books are received. We don't order from anyone else because of the quality and the conditions of your books.
Sep 1, 2011
Places a truly monumental construction project clearly in the context of its time, and of the personalities--admirable and not--who were involved. Detailed. but never tedious. As always with David McCullough, beautifully written. Very helpful illustrations.
James K
Jul 21, 2011
"The Great Bridge" by David McCullough. Like all of David McCullough's books, this is excellent. Interesting and well researched.
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Publishers Weekly, 2004-09-06This outstanding audio adaptation brings to life the Herculean struggles behind the creation of one of this country's most recognizable and enduring landmarks. Herrmann's rich, expressive voice perfectly complements McCullough's stately language, and the combination of their talents coupled with the impressiveness of the engineering marvel that is the Brooklyn Bridge makes this a compulsive listen. Subtle changes in Herrmann's tone clearly set off quotations without interrupting the flow, and though this audiobook is abridged, the deleted segments are briefly summarized by an unobtrusive second narrator so that listeners never feel as if they're missing part of the story. While there are some descriptions of the 13-year construction process that would have benefited from illustrations, the production as a whole is superb. Listeners cannot help being moved by the grandeur of the structure and by the spectacular risks taken by the men who worked on it, particularly chief engineer Washington Roebling, who remained the driving force behind the bridge despite being crippled by the bends and bedridden for many years. Drama of every kind can be found here: political scandals, intense rivalries, extreme loyalty, a charming love story, heroism, spectacular near-disasters, death, illness and war. Once called the eighth wonder of the world, the Brooklyn Bridge still inspires artists and photographers, tourists and natives alike, and it is the only stone-towered, steel-cabled bridge in the world. In this excellent production, listeners will be inspired anew. Based on the S&S hardcover. (July) Copyright 2004 Reed Business Information.
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www.cityzzen.com is already a working social network, but i need to give it a more user friendly profile home, and more interactive, and also I need a "my store" commerce link on every member's "homepage" so that they may sell to friends or all others. home profile doesn't need to be like facebook's but is a good option.
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Students interested in completing a MSc or PhD in the ASLD lab should contact Dr. Cardy to discuss their suitability. Ideal candidates include those with 1) prior research experience, 2) a strong academic record, and 3) a background in child development, language/linguistics, neurodevelopmental disorders, and/or neuroscience. Students contacting Dr. Cardy should include 1) a resume, 2) a summary of their prior coursework and grades, and 3) a description of their prior research experience and current research interests. MSc and PhD students complete their degrees through the graduate program in Health and Rehabilitation Science in the Faculty of Health Sciences. Further information about this program can be found on Western's HRS program website. Students interested in pursuing clinical studies in speech-language pathology or audiology should apply to the MClSc program in Speech-Language Pathology or Audiology. Further information can be found on Western's Communication Sciences and Disorders website or by visiting the Ontario Rehabilitation Sciences Program Application Service (ORPAS) website. Prospective undergraduate students include those who are: Information for Students
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Contact Us
Dr. Janis Cardy
Associate Professor
The University of Western Ontario
School of Communication Sciences and Disorders
Elborn College
1201 Western Rd.
London, Ontario CANADA
Tel: 519-661-2111
ext. 88000
Fax: 519-850-2369
Interested in Participating in Research?
Rachael Smyth
Research Coordinator
Tel: 519-661-2111
ext. 88006
Web 2.0
Dean's Blog
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5-Fold Paragoomba
5-Fold Paragoomba | |
Species | Paragoomba |
Appearances | Paper Mario: Sticker Star |
Max HP | 40 |
Attack | 5 |
Locations | Drybake Desert |
Attack | Twister (4x3), Wheel (5) |
The 5-Fold Paragoomba is a new type of Paragoomba that appears in Paper Mario: Sticker Star. They would only appear once in the game and that is when 5 Paragoombas are found harassing the Traveling Toad in Drybake Desert. They would look similar to the 2-Fold Goomba, except they are connected into a ring shape. Their main way of attacking is to run into Mario like a wheel and hitting him three times.


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August 30, 2013 - Products
UDrove released its uDrove Pro and uDrove Prime, which will help fleets, carriers and drivers remain compliant with the MAP-21 hours-of-service rule and the Federal Motor Carriers Safety Administration regulation 395.15.
UDrove Pro combines uDrove's smart phone technology with the functionality of an electronic on-board recorder to produce accurate HOS logs, inspection and diagnostic reports, electronic proof of delivery documents, tracking, IFTA/IRP reporting and fuel and business receipt capturing. It allows fleets to manage their drivers' paperwork quickly and more efficiently.
Likewise, uDrove Pro helps reduce the risk of bad driving. It creates a simplified solution for drivers, allowing them to keep track of their entire trip packet electronically.
The hardware is easy to install and takes just a few minutes to be ready to use.
UDrove Prime is uDrove's newest stand-alone application that provides data in real time. UDrove Prime allows short-haul drivers (150 miles and under) a snapshot of hours of service on the phone to present to Department of Transportation officials.
It also features an editable list of inspection reporting and enhanced scanning of proof of delivery documents and fuel and business expense receipts to help users remain compliant.
Tags: FMCSA, Information Technology, CSA, HOS, uDrove
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