text:
Examination of the U.S. Air Force's
Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future
and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs
Committee on Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment
Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs
Air Force Studies Board
Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences
Washington, D.C.
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Committee on Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment
Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs
Air Force Studies Board
Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences
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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20001
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the
National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy
of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of
the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard
for appropriate balance.
This is a report of work supported by Grant FA9550-10-1-0411 between the U.S. Air Force and the
National Academy of Sciences. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed
in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the organiza-
tions or agencies that provided support for the project.
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-21520-6
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-21520-X
Limited copies of this report are Additional copies are available from:
available from:
Air Force Studies Board The National Academies Press
National Research Council 500 Fifth Street, N.W.
500 Fifth Street, N.W. Lockbox 285
Washington, DC 20001 Washington, DC 20055
(202) 334-3111 (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313
(in the Washington metropolitan area)
Internet, http://www.nap.edu
Copyright 2011 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
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The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished
scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and
technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by
the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on
scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National
Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its
administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences
the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also
sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research,
and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Charles M. Vest is president of the National
Academy of Engineering.
The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure
the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters
pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National
Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon
its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg
is president of the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to as-
sociate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of furthering
knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies
determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the
National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the
government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered
jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Charles M.
Vest are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council.
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S. MICHAEL HUDSON, Rolls-Royce North America (retired), Co-Chair
MICHAEL E. ZETTLER, Z-Zettler Consulting, Co-Chair
MEYER J. BENZAKEIN, The Ohio State University
CHARLES E. BROWNING, University of Dayton
DIANNE CHONG, The Boeing Company
DAVID E. CROW, University of Connecticut
FRANK R. FAYKES, U.S. Air Force (retired)
JOHN T. FOREMAN, Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon
WESLEY L. HARRIS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
HOWARD F. HETRICK, Northrop Grumman Corporation
CLYDE KIZER, Airbus North America (retired)
THOMAS A. McDERMOTT, JR., Georgia Tech Research Institute
LYLE H. SCHWARTZ, University of Maryland
BRUCE M. THOMPSON, Sandia National Laboratories
RAYMOND VALEIKA, Delta Airlines (retired)
CARTER W. FORD, Study Director
KAMARA E. BROWN, Research Associate
SARAH M. CAPOTE, Research Associate
NORMAN M. HALLER, Consultant
ZEIDA PATMON, Program Associate
MARGUERITE E. SCHNEIDER, Administrative Coordinator
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GREGORY S. MARTIN, GS Martin Consulting, Chair
PAMELA A. DREW, TASC, Inc., Vice Chair
BRIAN A. ARNOLD, Raytheon Company
CLAUDE M. BOLTON, Defense Acquisition University
STEVEN R.J. BRUECK, University of New Mexico
THOMAS J. BURNS, SET Corporation
FRANK CAPPUCCIO, Cappuccio and Associates, LLC
JOHN V. FARR, United States Military Academy
DONALD C. FRASER, Charles Stark Draper Laboratory (retired)
MICHAEL J. GIANELLI, The Boeing Company (retired)
LESLIE GREENGARD, New York University
DANIEL HASTINGS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
PAUL G. KAMINSKI, Technovation, Inc.
ROBERT LATIFF, R. Latiff Associates
NANCY LEVESON, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
LESTER L. LYLES, The Lyles Group
MATT L. MLEZIVA, Wildwood Strategic Concepts
C. KUMAR N. PATEL, Pranalytica, Inc.
GERALD F. PERRYMAN, JR., Independent Consultant
GENE W. RAY, GMT Ventures
RICHARD V. REYNOLDS, The VanFleet Group, LLC
J. DANIEL STEWART, University of Tennessee
REBECCA WINSTON, Winston Strategic Management Consulting
MICHAEL A. CLARKE, Director
TERRY J. JAGGERS, Deputy Director
DIONNA C. ALI, Senior Program Assistant
JESSICA R. BROKENBURR, Financial Assistant
KAMARA E. BROWN, Research Associate
SARAH M. CAPOTE, Research Associate
GREGORY EYRING, Senior Program Officer
CARTER W. FORD, Program Officer
CHRIS JONES, Financial Manager
ZEIDA PATMON, Program Associate
MARGUERITE E. SCHNEIDER, Administrative Coordinator
DANIEL E.J. TALMAGE, JR., Program Officer
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Having now been at war for two decades, the U.S. Air Force is finding that its
legacy aircraft are becoming increasingly more expensive to operate and maintain.
Looking ahead, and facing a constrained overall budget, the Air Force is concerned
that the resources needed to sustain its legacy aircraft may increase to the point
where they could consume the resources needed to modernize the Air Force. Rec-
ognizing the importance of sustainment, both to the accomplishment of its current
wartime missions and to the potential capabilities of its future aircraft, the Air Force
asked the National Research Council (NRC) of the National Academies to conduct
this study of sustainment.
A committee of experts with significant experience in both technical and op-
erational areas related to sustainment was formed to conduct this study. Meeting
for the first time in October 2010, the committee quickly grasped the complexities
inherent in the terms of reference, which addressed a substantial portion of overall
Air Force activities and resources—both current and future. Because of the need
for solid data to supplement its own knowledge and capabilities, the committee
is very grateful for the responsive and highly informed cooperation of numer-
ous representatives from the Air Force as well as from government, industry, and
academia. The committee co-chairs especially wish to thank all of the committee
members for their many insightful contributions and tireless efforts in producing
this report on schedule.
S. Michael Hudson, Co-Chair
Michael E. Zetter, Co-Chair
Committee on Examination of the U.S. Air Force's
Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and
Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs
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Acknowledgment of Reviewers
This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their
diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures ap-
proved by the National Research Council's Report Review Committee. The purpose
of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will
assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to
ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and
responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript
remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to
thank the following individuals for their review of this report:
John-Paul B. Clarke, Georgia Institute of Technology,
Stephen P. Condon, Maj Gen, USAF (retired), Dayton Aerospace, Inc.,
Lawrence J. Delaney, Titan Corporation (retired),
Elisabeth M. Drake, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
Lester L. Lyles, Gen, USAF (retired), Independent Aerospace Consultant,
Lisa Mahlmann, Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company,
David Miller, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
Charles F. Tiffany, The Boeing Company (retired), and
Stephen Wei-Lun Tsai, Stanford University.
Although the reviewers listed above provided many constructive comments
and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommenda-
tions, nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of
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Acknowledgment RevieweRs
x of
this report was overseen by Sheila E. Widnall, Massachusetts Institute of Technol-
ogy. Appointed by the National Research Council, she was responsible for making
certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accor-
dance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully
considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the
authoring committee and the institution.
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Overview, 15
Committee Formation and Terms of Reference, 16
Study Approach, 16
Defining Sustainment, 18
Weapon System Sustainment in the Context of the Military Mission, 18
Weapon System Sustainment Defined for This Study, 19
Past, Present, and Future Environments for Weapon System
Sustainment, 19
Military Operations, 19
Weapon System Sustainment Goals of the Air Force, 20
Governance: Laws, Policies, Strategies, and Regulations, 20
Relationships, 21
Budget, 21
Report Organization, 22
Introduction, 24
Air Force Sustainment Goals, 25
Statutes, Regulations, and Policies That Impact Air Force Sustainment, 26
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Overview, 26
Statutes and Regulations, 28
Establishing Air Force Sustainment Policies, 33
Engineering-based Decisions, 34
Comprehensive Approach to Gathering and Analyzing Data, 36
Current Governance Structure for Air Force Sustainment, 37
Current Air Force Organization Complexities for Collaboration, 44
Outcome-based Metrics, 45
Past, Present, and Potential Future Strategies for Air Force Sustainment, 48
A Benchmark: Processes and Policies of the Naval Aviation Enterprise, 57
Concluding Thoughts, 63
Introduction, 65
Air Force Investment Process Relating to Sustainment, 65
Current Resources and Investments, 70
Air Force Sustainment Infrastructure, 74
Investment in Infrastructure, 75
Ground Equipment, 77
Current Air Force Sustainment Processes, 77
Workforce, 78
Acquisition, 79
Supply Chain, 80
Maintenance Processes, 81
Resourcing Processes, 82
Fleet Viability Board, 83
Logistics Support, 84
eLog21, 84
Obsolescence and Diminishing Manufacturing Sources, 85
Concluding Thoughts, 86
Introduction, 87
Methodology for the Assessment, 91
History and Present State of Air Force Air Logistics Centers, 92
Holistic Approach to the Responsibilities and Performance of
Air Force Air Logistics Centers, 97
Assessment of the Resourcing of Air Logistics Centers, 99
Policy-Driven Supply Support, 99
Resourcing the ALC Workforce, 100
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contents xiii
50/50 Affects the ALC Workforce, 101
Critical Support Staff for the ALC Workforce,102
Workforce Training, 103
Labor Relations and Growing the Workforce, 103
Organizing the Air Logistics Centers for Sustainment, 104
Resourcing for Technology Insertion at Air Logistics Centers, 113
Enterprise Management at the Air Logistics Centers, 114
Maintenance Planning and Priorities, 116
Software Sustainment for Legacy and Future Systems, 117
Current Trends in Air Force Software Development and Maintenance, 118
Air Force Policies for Software Sustainment, 119
Software Workforce, 121
Software Facilities, 122
Organization and Management, 123
Future Challenges Based on New Aircraft Entering the Inventory, 123
Sustainment Funding, 126
Efficiency and Effectiveness of Air Force Air Logistics Centers, 127
Concluding Thoughts, 128
Introduction, 132
Policies and Guidance, 134
Technology Development and Transition, 136
Technology Areas Relevant to Sustainment, 138
Defining Sustainment Technology Needs, 138
Long-Term Research, 143
Air Force Sustainment Technology, 146
Overview, 146
Historical Background, 147
Changing Strategies and Processes, 150
Summary of Recent History, 157
Transition to the Future, 158
Requirements, 159
Resources, 164
Right People, 167
Recommendation, 168
Concluding Thoughts, 168
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Introduction, 170
Incorporating Sustainability in the Concept and Initial Planning, System
Design and Development, and Deployment and Support Phases, 171
Incorporating Desirable Design Features and Applying Lessons
Learned During Weapon System Life-Cycle Phases, 176
Data Rights/Access and the Air Force's Ability to Gain Weapon
System Sustainment Domain Knowledge, 179
Considering a Blended Support Concept, 180
Moving to a Data-Driven Sustainment Strategy and Common
Enterprise Management in New Designs, 181
The Data or Information Systems Needed to Develop the
Maintenance Program, 182
Information and Data Needs Once a Platform Enters Service, 182
Information System Needed for Continuing Analysis and
Surveillance of the Sustainment Process, 183
Providing for Continued Incorporation of Technology for Sustainment, 185
Overview, 185
Software Systems, 185
Air Vehicles and Engines, 185
Integrity Programs, 186
The Unique Sustainment Aspects with Respect to Rapidly Fielded
Systems, 186
Commercial Aviation Practices for Air Force Consideration, 187
Delegation, 188
Aging Aircraft Sustainment, 189
Maintenance Program Development, 189
Concluding Thoughts, 190
A Biographical Sketches of Committee Members 195
B Meetings and Participating Organizations 204
C Navy Enterprise Transformation: Working for the Greater Good 215
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AA aircraft availability
ACC Air Combat Command
AD Airworthiness Directive
AETC Air Education and Training Command
AF Air Force
AFGLSC Air Force Global Logistics Support Center
AFI Air Force Instruction
AFMC Air Force Materiel Command
AFOSR Air Force Office of Scientific Research
AFPD Air Force Policy Directive
AFRL Air Force Research Laboratory
AFROC Air Force Requirements Oversight Council
ALC Air Logistics Center
AMC Air Mobility Command
AMC/A4 Air Mobility Command Directorate of Logistics
AMOC Alternative Means of Compliance
ASIP Aircraft Structural Integrity Program
BCA Business Case Analysis
BOD Board of Directors
BRAC Base Realignment and Closure
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CAMS Core Automated Maintenance System
CASS Continuing Analysis and Surveillance System
CBM Condition-Based Maintenance
CFFC Commander, U.S. Fleet Forces Command
CLS Contractor Logistics Support
CMMI Capability Maturity Model Integration
CNAF Commander, Naval Air Forces
CNO Chief of Naval Operations
DAMS Defense Acquisition Management System
DAR Designated Airworthiness Representative
DAU Defense Acquisition University
DER Designated Engineering Representative
DMS/MS Diminishing Manufacturing Sources and Materiel Shortages
DoD Department of Defense
eLog21 Expeditionary Logistics for the Twenty-first Century
EO Engineering Order
ERP Enterprise Resource Planning
FAA Federal Aviation Administration
FAR Federal Air Regulation
FBO Fixed Base Operator
FMECA Failure Mode, Effect and Criticality Assessment
FYDP Future Years Defense Program
GM General Motors
GSP Globemaster Sustainment Partnership
ILCM Integrated Life-Cycle Management
ISG Industry Steering Groups
LMI Logistics Management Institute
LogEA (Air Force) Logistics Enterprise Architecture
LRT Logistics Requirements Traceability
MAJCOM Major Command
ManTech manufacturing technology
MICAP Mission Incapable Awaiting Parts
MIL-STD Military Standard
MMEL Master Minimum Equipment Lists
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AcRonyms xvii
MRB Maintenance Review Board
MRO Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul
MSG-3 Maintenance Steering Group Three
MXW Maintenance Wing
NAE Naval Aviation Enterprise
NAVAIR Naval Air Systems Command
NDI Non-destructive Inspection
NRC National Research Council
O&M operations and maintenance
O&S operations and support
OC-ALC Oklahoma City Air Logistics Center
OEM original equipment manufacturer
ONR Office of Naval Research
OO-ALC Ogden Air Logistics Center
OPNAV Office of the Chief of Naval Operations
OSD Office of the Secretary of Defense
PEO Program Executive Office
POM Program Objective Memorandum
PBL Performance-based Logistics
RCM Reliability Centered Maintenance
RDT&E research, development, testing, and engineering
REMIS Reliability and Maintainability Information Systems
S&T science and technology
SAE Service Acquisition Executive
SAF/AQ Assistant Secretary of the Air Force (Acquisition)
SAF/AQX Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Air Force (Acquisition
SAF/IE Assistant Secretary of the Air Force (Installations, Environment
and Logistics)
SECDEF Secretary of Defense
SFDM Single Fleet, Driven Metric
SIL software integration laboratory
SLOC Source Lines of Code
SPM System Program Manager
SPO System Program Office; Single Process Owner
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TOA Table of Allowance
TOR terms of reference
TSPR Total System Performance Requirement
TSSR Total System Support Requirement
USAF U.S. Air Force
WR-ALC Warner-Robins Air Logistics Center


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Liu Z., S.-I. Shin, R. S. Webb, W. Lewis and B. L. Otto-Bliesner (January 2005): Atmospheric CO2 forcing on glacial thermohaline circulation and climate. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L02706. doi:10.1029/2004GL021929
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
A coupled climate model study indicates the paleoclimate record of glacial thermohaline circulation (THC) and reversed deep-sea temperature-salinity (T-S) distribution in the Atlantic can be explained largely by lower glacial atmospheric CO2 alone. The reduced CO2 leads to increased Southern Ocean wintertime sea-ice cover and salinity, increased production of dense Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW), enhanced cold and saline AABW penetration into the deep North Atlantic, increased oceanic vertical stability, and reduced North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) circulation. The dominant role of CO2 forcing during the glacial implies a positive feedback between the Southern Ocean regulated THC and the glacial global carbon cycle.
Item Type: | Article |
Subjects: | PSD Publications |
Divisions: | Physical Sciences Division |
URI: | http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/pubs/id/eprint/509 |

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Publisher's Description
+Robin Hood VS zombies... through 30 levels, you have to make the zombies' heads fall in the carts. The production of this game is very average. The quality of the production, the scenario, the presence of certain objects takes away a lot of the game's credibility, that's sad!


text:
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Hello from the far northern part of California. My name is Lori and I live in a little place called Scott Valley, just below the Oregon border. I so enjoy looking at all the beautiful photos here everyday on this site. They inspire me to try and improve my skills. Any helpful criticism is always appreciated as there are so many here I admire and learn from - just by viewing the amazing photos.Thanks for sharing your pointers and thanks for sharing your little corner of the world too!
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Tom Roston gives his review of "Caucus," a documentary premiered at Hot Docs this year which follows the 2012 Republican campaign trail through Iowa.
Continue reading this entry »
Independent journalist Tom Roston checks in and writes about the world of documentaries in his column, Doc Soup.
You can follow Tom on Twitter @DocSoupMan.
You can follow Tom on Twitter @DocSoupMan.
Doc Soup: Remastered Vietnam War Doc "Hearts and Minds" Back in Theaters
What's this?!?! A documentary film being remastered and restored and re-released to theaters like it were a regular….classic film? Okay, so maybe this is not the first time, but it seems that Hearts and Minds, the 1974 Academy Award-winning doc about the Vietnam War, certainly got the royal treatment for its re-release to theaters on
Continue reading this entry »Doc Soup: The Year in Docs
It's end of the year wrap-up time, at a juncture when the world of movies and entertainment and even docs seems a little removed from what's really on our minds: we appear to be stuck in the muck (but for how long?), though many of us are hopeful that an Obama administration could bring great
Continue reading this entry »


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Tuesday December 18, 2012
Space Eldritch now in print
For those of you who prefer your Lovecraftian space opera in print, Space Eldritch is now available in that format, graven in black upon the brutally pulped, cruelly pressed heart-marrow of young, innocent trees.
We hoped to use sentient trees, but apparently they fled the planet during the Little Ice Age.
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2001 Tahoe factory speakers
New member Username: AbbrantleyPost Number: 5 Registered: Mar-07 | I have a 2001 Tahoe and is wondering what size speakers are in the front and back doors. I do not have the Bose system. |
Gold Member Username: Nd4spd18Southeast PA Post Number: 1065 Registered: Jul-06 | Go to www.crutchfield.com and use the vehicle selector.... |
Gold Member Username: Matt12490California USA Post Number: 2020 Registered: May-05 | I've used crutchfield and it gave me different speaker sizes.. I think the best thing to do is just take off the door panel and measure. It really isn't that hard. |
Gold Member Username: PelonaPerres, California Post Number: 2009 Registered: Dec-05 | does anybody here have a 99 tahoe 4 door? |
Bronze Member Username: NascarfanTallahassee, Florida Post Number: 36 Registered: Mar-07 | Yes I have a 1999 4 door tahoe Z71, the thing you need to remember is both fron and rear doors will accept 6.5's and 5 1/4's, but remember you dont want more than a 2 " over depth, or your windows will hit when rolling down, you can use spacers on the rear doors but your original grills wont work, without modifying them alot. |
Gold Member Username: PelonaPerres, California Post Number: 2019 Registered: Dec-05 | cool mines a z71 too lol but wen i go on crutchfield or soundomain it says they have some 4x10 speakers in the rear roof...is this true cuz im too lazy to go look for them lol |
Gold Member Username: PelonaPerres, California Post Number: 2025 Registered: Dec-05 | hey there are not many comps that are 2" or less in depth.....are u sure this is the biggest i can get them? |
Gold Member Username: PelonaPerres, California Post Number: 2035 Registered: Dec-05 | so can i fit some perfect 6.1 or 5.1s in a tahoe? the 6.5" is 2.75 deep and the 5.25" is 2.25 deep |


text:
Sarah Parish Biographical Information
Parish co-owns the production company Aphra Productions with actress Dervla Kirwan and now lives in Islington, London.
The Monkey is a Yin, and is the Ninth sign of the Chinese horoscope. Characteristics: ImprovisationCunningStabilityLeadershipWitZeal Vices: DeceitRuseLoquacitySelf-InvolvementSillinessOpportunism
Birthday: January 1, 1969
A time for soul searching and meditation; a need for patience and solitude.
Birthday: January 1, 2011
A relationship or love affair with a trial or choice involved.


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Academy Awards
1986: Best Picture
Platoon, produced by Arnold Kopelson
- Children of a Lesser God, produced by Burt Sugarman and Patrick Palmer
- Hannah and Her Sisters, produced by Robert Greenhut
- The Mission, produced by Fernando Ghia and David Puttnam
- A Room with a View, produced by Ismail Merchant
Based on Stone's experiences as a soldier in Vietnam, the film presents the war through the eyes of new recruit Chris Taylor (Charlie Sheen). Two sergeants vie for the loyalty of the young man: the liberal, drug-taking, saintly Elias (Willem Dafoe, AAN) and the brutal, scarred Barnes (Tom Berenger, AAN). Stone wrote the script for this Vietnam war film in 1976, but the major studios repeatedly turned down his bid to get it made. A small, English-owned independent production company, Hemdale, finally offered him a budget of $6.5 million to make the movie. Platoon became a box office success and a critics' favorite. It received eight Academy Award nominations* and won four Oscars.
Platoon, produced by Arnold Kopelson, directed by Oliver Stone (AA); screenplay by Oliver Stone (AAN).
*picture (AA), supporting actor—Tom Berenger, supporting actor—Willem Dafoe, director—Oliver Stone (AA), screenplay written directly for the screen—Oliver Stone, cinematography—Robert Richardson, sound—Charles .Bud . Grenzbach, Simon Kaye, Richard D. Rogers, John K. Wilkinson (AA), film editing—Claire Simpson (AA)


text:
Customer Care
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LoJack unveils details around new fleet management offerings
Photo credit: LoJack
Last week at the NADA Convention and Expo, LoJack Corporation, the company that created the stolen vehicle recovery market, announced details surrounding its new fleet telematics solutions for automotive dealerships.
Beginning on March 1, LoJack Fleet Management Solutions Powered by TomTom will be available for dealerships that have parts and service fleets, loaner fleets and transport fleets. These powerful solutions will provide dealerships the opportunity to manage their fleets in a way that delivers lower operating costs while enhancing customer service. In addition to assisting dealerships with their own fleets, LoJack will be introducing a program for dealership fleet customers.
"We are excited about delivering these new fleet solutions to our dealer partners, as it will provide immediate value to their business and customers," said Randy L. Ortiz, President and CEO of LoJack.
If a dealership is interested in learning more about how LoJack Fleet Management Solutions Powered by TomTom can benefit their business, please visit www.lojack.com/dealer or contact (877) 775-6522.


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Adult Costumes »
disguise yourself as the martini glass ...be drunk
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Ocean County Library Commission
Left to Right Bonnie R. Peterson, Sal Baglio, Ruthanne Scaturro, Henry J. Mancini, James T. Mullins, James F. Malone (Retired 2013), Susan L. Hutler.
Sal Baglio Chairperson Term Expires 12/31/2015
Bonnie R. Peterson Vice Chairperson Term expires 12/31/2019
Susan L. Hutler Term expires 12/31/2017
John A. Ravally Ed.D (Not Pictured) Term Expires 12/31/2018
Ruthanne Scaturro Term Expires 12/31/2016 Ocean County Library Foundation Liaison
The governing body for the Ocean County Library is the seven-member Library Commission. The Ocean County Board of Chosen Freeholders makes commission appointments and each appointment carries a five-year term. Appointments are made to provide representation from a variety of geographic and community interests.
Primary responsibilities include: selection and appointments, control of library funds, property and equipment, determination of policies and rules governing library service and personnel, and promotion of library interests.
2015 Commission Schedule
TAKE NOTICE that the Ocean County Library Commission, in accordance with the provisions of the "Open Public Meetings Acts" P.L. 1975 c 231, hereby establishes the following schedule of meetings to be held during 2015. All meetings will begin at 4:00 p.m. Except as otherwise noted, meetings will be held in the Conference Room of the Ocean County Library Headquarters, 101 Washington Street, Toms River, New Jersey
Tuesday, January 20, 2015 – Reorganization Meeting followed by Regular Meeting Tuesday, February 17, 2015 Monday, March 16, 2015 Monday, April 20, 2015 Monday, May 18, 2015 Monday, June 15, 2015 Monday, July 20, 2015 Monday, August 17, 2015 Monday, September 14, 2015 Monday, October 19, 2015 Monday, November 16, 2015 Monday, December 14, 2015
Georgette Breslin, Secretary Ocean County Library Commission January 21, 2015
Freeholder Library Liaison
Freeholder Joseph H. Vicari


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The Dodge City Gang of Las Vegas, NM
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In the summer of 1879, a gang of desperados known as the Dodge City Gang made their first appearance in Las Vegas, New Mexico. As the first Santa Fe trains steamed into the territory that summer, it brought with it a whole host of gamblers, ruffians and unsavory characters.
Before long, a group formed called the "Dodge City Gang," since so many of them had earned reputations for violent behavior in the western cow towns of Kansas.
The Dodge City Gang was firmly in control of a criminal cartel bent on thumbing their noses at the law. For the next two years, the Dodge City Gang participated in several stage coach and train robberies, organized cattle rustling, and were said to have been responsible for multiple murders and lynchings.
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Two stage robberies in August of 1879, and one train robbery in October occurred in the Las Vegas, New Mexico area. Many suspected that the perpetrators were members of the Dodge City Gang.
On August 18, 1879 a Barlow & Sanderson stagecoach was robbed by three men near the village of Tecolote, New Mexico . John Clancy, Jim Dunagan, and Antonio Lopez were arrested for the robbery, however they were not convicted.
Just a few weeks later on August 30, 1879, another Barlow and Sanderson stagecoach was held up. "Frank" Cady, "Slap Jack Bill", "Bull Shit Jack", and Jordan L. Webb, all with ties to the Dodge City Gang, were arrested and charged with the second holdup. However, they too, escaped conviction. Dave Rudabaugh would later confess to this crime in cahoots with Las Vegas Marshal Joe Carson and a man named Joseph Martin.
On October 14, 1879, a train was robbed in the Las Vegas area by masked men. The robbers made off with $2,085, three pistols, and all the lanterns on the train. In mid–February of 1881, in an attempt to avoid trial on a capital offense, Dave Rudabaugh would plead guilty to the robbery.
At the time of the robbery, Charlie Bassett, Chalk Beeson, and Harry E. Gryden of Dodge City, Kansas, along with J.J. Webb, were hired by the Adams Express Company to investigate the robbery. It is unknown whether Webb was already suspected of being an accomplice in the thefts.
The town was getting a bad name in the rest of the county due to the violence and thievery that prevailed. "Shooting scrapes are of frequent occurrence in that remote region." reported the Dodge City Times. Miquel Otero, later governor of New Mexico wrote that in one month twenty–nine men were killed in the Las Vegas vicinity. It seemed as if every low-life from Kansas, Texas, and Colorado had congregated in Las Vegas.
Continued Next Page
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Jacqueline WATSON (From Mid Devon Star)
Book an announcement for publication online and in the next edition of the Somerset County Gazette
Jacqueline Watson
Published in the Somerset County Gazette on 1 March 12
Watson. Jacqueline. Mum, just want to wish you 'Happy birthday' for the 2nd of March. Hope you enjoy your surprises, with lots and lots of love from Naomi. xXx
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SR-71 Blackbird: World's fastest aircraft
Built with the goal of outpacing any missile launched at it, the SR-71 Blackbird has been the fastest air-breathing, manned aircraft since 1976. Blackbird's unique aerosol made it impossible to be tracked by radar, making it a perfect spy plane. Customised windscreen, special fuel and external fuel tank make it one of the most amazing aircrafts of the modern era.
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std::num_get::get, std::num_get::do_get
public: iter_type get( iter_type in, iter_type end, std::ios_base& str, |
(1) | |
protected: iter_type do_get( iter_type in, iter_type end, std::ios_base& str, |
(2) | |
1) public member function, calls the member function do_get
of the most derived class.
2) reads characters from the input iterator in
and generates the value of the type of v
, taking into account IO stream formatting flags from str.flags()
, character classification rules from std::use_facet<std::ctype<charT>>(str.getloc()), and numeric punctuation characters from std::use_facet<std::numpunct<charT>>(str.getloc()). This function is called by all formatted input stream operators such as std::cin >> n;.
Conversion occurs in three stages
Contents |
Stage 1: conversion specifier selection
- I/O format flags are obtained, as if by
- fmtflags basefield = (str.flags() & std::ios_base::basefield);
- fmtflags boolalpha = (str.flags() & std::ios_base::boolalpha);
- If the type of
is an integer type, the the first applicable choice of the following five is selected:
- If basefield == oct, will use conversion specifier %o
- If basefield == hex, will use conversion specifier %X
- If basefield == 0, will use conversion specifier %i
- If the type of
is signed, will use conversion specifier %d - If the type of
is unsigned, will use conversion specifier %u
- For integer types, length modifier is added to the conversion specification if necessary: h for short and unsigned short, l for long and unsigned long, ll for long long and unsigned long long
- If the type of
is float, will use conversion specifier %g - If the type of
is double, will use conversion specifier %lg - If the type of
is long double, will use conversion specifier %Lg - If the type of
is void*, will use conversion specifier %p - If the type of
is bool and boolalpha==0, proceeds as if the type ofv
is long, except for the value to be stored inv
in stage 3. - If the type of
is bool and boolalpha!=0, the following replaces stages 2 and 3:- Successive characters obtained from the input iterator
are matched against the character sequences obtained from std::use_facet<std::numpunct<charT>>(str.getloc()).falsename() and std::use_facet<std::numpunct<charT> >(str.getloc()).truename() only as necessary as to identify the unique match. The input iteratorin
is compared toend
only when necessary to obtain a character. - If the target sequence is uniquely matched,
is set to the corresponding bool value. Otherwise false is stored inv
and std::ios_base::failbit is assigned toerr
. If unique match could not be found before the input ended (in==end), err|=std::ios_base::eofbit is executed.
- Successive characters obtained from the input iterator
Stage 2: character extraction
- If in==end, Stage 2 is terminated immediately, no further characters are extracted
- The next character is extracted from in as if by char_type ct = *in;
- If the character matches one of "0123456789abcdefxABCDEFX+-", widened to the locale's char_type as if by std::use_facet<std::ctype<charT>>(str.getloc()).widen(), it is converted to the corresponding char.
- If the character matches the decimal point separator (std::use_facet<std::numpunct<charT>>(str.getloc()).decimal_point())), it is replaced by '.'.
- If the character matches the thousands separator (std::use_facet<std::numpunct<charT>>(str.getloc()).thousands_sep()) and the thousands separation is in use at all std::use_facet<std::numpunct<charT>>(str.getloc()).grouping().length() != 0, then if the decimal point '.' has not yet been accumulated, the position of the character is rememebered, but the character is otherwise ignored. If the decimal point has already been accumulated, the character is discarded and Stage 2 terminates.
- In any case, the check is made whether the char obtained from the previous steps is allowed in the input field that would be parsed by std::scanf given the conversion specifier selected in Stage 1. If it is allowed, it is accumulated in a temporary buffer and Stage 2 repeats. If it is not allowed, Stage 2 terminates.
Stage 3: conversion and storage
- The sequence of chars accumulated in Stage 2 is converted to a numeric value
(until C++11) |
(since C++11) |
(since C++11) |
- In any case, if the conversion function fails std::ios_base::failbit is assigned to
- Otherwise, the numeric result of the conversion is stored in
- If the type of
is bool and boolalpha is not set, then if the value to be stored is 0, false is stored, if the value to be stored is 1, true is stored, for any other value std::ios_base::failbit is assigned toerr
and true is stored.
- If the type of
- After this, digit grouping is checked. if the position of any of the thousands separators discarded in Stage 2 does not match the grouping provided by std::use_facet<std::numpunct<charT>>(str.getloc()).grouping(), std::ios_base::failbit is assigned to
. - If Stage 2 was terminated by the test in==end, err|=std::ios_base::eofbit is executed to set the eof bit.
Return value
In C++98/C++03, if an error occurs, v
is left unchanged. In C++11, it is set to a value as described above.
This section is incomplete Reason: no example |
See also
extracts formatted data (public member function of std::basic_istream )


text:
School of Pharmacy
10A Victoria St. S.
Kitchener, Ontario, Canada N2G 1C5
Phone: 519-888-4499
Welcome to the School of Pharmacy
The School of Pharmacy at the University of Waterloo is the first new pharmacy school in Canada in 20 years and housed in a state-of-the-art education and research building on the Health Sciences Campus in downtown Kitchener.
We offer an innovative undergraduate pharmacy curriculum that integrates foundational knowledge in the biomedical and pharmaceutical sciences with applied skills in the clinical, behavioural and social sciences to prepare our graduates to serve as medication therapy experts.
- May 6, 2015Research Seminar Series: Dr. Jennifer Stinson
- May 20, 2015Clone of Research Seminar Series: Dr. Alex Crizzle


text:
total posts: 3
Nicely spiced papadums start the meal at The Spice Market, one of Jean-George Vongerichten's New York restaurants.
Everyone needs a good barbecue sauce recipe. This is mine (with help from Jim), and it can be yours too.
The pluot (right) may look juicier than the plum, but it lacks its tangy and tart qualities.


text:
Philips Fidelio Docking Speaker AS351
With gaming sound effects and shielding technology to block mobile phone interference, the AS351 produces sound without unnecessary distortion using your Android device. Comes with its battery or AC power option, so you can enjoy music whenever you want.
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Product Specification
Subwoofer Driver | 2 x 3-inch full range woofers |
Power Output | 10W RMS |
Inputs / Outputs | 3.5mm AUX-in |
Dimensions | 271 x 90 x 130mm (W x H x D) |
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KANSAS CITY — It's a scene that played out all afternoon in the cold, wind-swept parking lots surrounding Arrowhead Stadium.
The recipe is simple: Start with a mixture of Kansas and Missouri fans. Add alcohol. Wait for the argument to begin.
Jayhawks fan Sean Call began by crushing a Bud Light under his left foot. With steam rising from his shaved head, he told friend and Missouri fan Colin Laughlin how he feels about the end of the rivalry.
"MU's lucky to have us," he said.
Overhearing the conversation, Denise Galligher walked from a nearby tent.
"You guys are the ones who took the ball like little babies and went home," she fired back, laughing.
Laughlin then launched into a profanity-laced rant that started relevant to Missouri and Kansas and somehow got knocked off track.
Not everyone was so passionate, but virtually every mixed group of Jayhawks and Tigers fans seemed to be playing some version of the Border Showdown blame game, trying to assess whose fault it is that Saturday's game might be the last in the series, and what the fallout from the end of one of college football's oldest rivalries might mean.
"It's not our fault," Kansas fan Dave Bratton said. "We play Big 12 teams."
On the other side, Missouri fans put the onus on the Kansas administration's failure to yield to pressure to continue playing the series. Missouri's athletic department has expressed its desire to continue the game as a non-conference series.
"I don't see why we can't just do it like we used to with Illinois and play it at the beginning of the season," Missouri fan Kevin Addington said. "These fans can't stand each other; it doesn't matter when we play."
Jayhawks fan Brian Stultz thought some time apart might make the relationship a little stronger.
"I hope we next meet in a bowl game or in the NCAA (basketball) Tournament," he said. "And when we do, I'm bringing my brass knuckles."
One thing everyone could agree on is the lack of electricity around the matchup — and the parking lots — this season.
Kansas students had purchased fewer than 500 tickets as of Wednesday, according to the Kansas City Star.
At kickoff, there looked to be almost as many empty seats at Arrowhead Stadium as full ones. The parking lots seemed sparsely populated, and the legendary pregame Arrowhead traffic failed to live up to the hype.
"There's no buzz this year," Missouri fan Shane Kinne said. "It's because KU sucks."
The Jayhawks carry a nine-game losing streak into the game, and are trying to avoid becoming the first team in Big 12 history to lose nine conference games.
The end of the series might just be the only reason for Kansas fans to show up.
"We're having kind of a rough season," Jayhawks fan Kevin Bruns said. "When I heard this was the last game, I made the decision that I had to go anyway."
Back over at Laughlin and Call's parking spot, Call was inventing new ways to hate Missouri even after the rivalry ends.
"I'm shopping for an SEC team to adopt so I can root against Missouri," Call said. "I'm thinking Arkansas might be a good choice."
The conversation quickly degraded into more obscenities and yelling. There were disparaging comments about Missouri coach Gary Pinkel's recent DWI arrest and former Kansas coach Mark Mangino's weight.
Then, after they both had cooled off, Laughlin and Call tapped their foreheads together, calling a truce as they literally butted heads.
"I wish it didn't have to end," Laughlin said, shaking his head.
Call opened his cooler and poured himself and Laughlin a drink.
"I don't like it!" a fan yelled nearby. "It's Mizzou's fault!"
Call and Laughlin sipped their drinks. There was no need to start the same argument again.


text:
For Jeff Skilling, 'Enron Was His Life,' Lawyer Says
What's New? What's new and interesting about the new ISS "score card rules" are two sentences that say: (i) that an issuer's share plan proposal may pass the Shareholder Value Transfer ("SVT") test but still...more
On November 6, 2014, ISS released its 2015 proxy voting guidelines which update its benchmark policy recommendations. The updated policies will be effective for shareholder meetings held on or after February 1, 2015....more
On October 21, 2013, Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. ("ISS") published its key draft policy changes for the 2014 proxy season (the "Draft Policies"). There are only two proposed updates for the US, neither of which...more
The upcoming 2013 proxy season will likely be impacted by new policies issued by proxy advisers, as well as shareholder activists taking advantage of previously adopted rules, rather than by recent legislative or rulemaking...more
The 2012 proxy season will likely be remembered as an evolutionary, rather than revolutionary, year at the corporate ballot box. Many of the trends seen in 2011—the first year of mandatory say-on-pay—continued in 2012, with...more
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text:
salim al-hassani
salim al-hassani ARTICLES
Figure 1: A timeline graph showing the thousand years missing history. (Courtesy of The Foundation for Science, Technology, and Civilization).
The Missing Link in the History of Urology
With few exceptions, most of the current publications on...
View of the gate of "1001 Icat Sergisi" in Istanbul.
Subsequent Thoughts on the '1001 Inventions' Exhibition in Istanbul (August-October 2010)
This article by Professor Toygar Akman presents, as the...
Figure 1: Left to right: Professor Salim T S Al-Hassani (Chairman of FSTC and Chief Editor of "1001 Inventions" book), Turkish President Abdullah Gull (holding a copy of the "1001 Inventions" book), and Professor Talip Alp (Key Associate Member of FSTC).
Muslim Heritage and Cultural Roots of Science - Lecture by Professor Salim Al-Hassani at Newcastle
On Monday 9 March 2011, Professor Salim Al-Hassani,...
Figure 1: Model of the Elephant Clock of Al-Jazari in "1001 Inventions" exhibition in New York. (Source).
Bringing Back Golden Age of Science and Innovation
Mr Zakri Abdul Hamid reflects in this article the thoughts...
Figure 1: Cover page of Tuhfat al-kibâr fî asfâr al-bihâr by Kâtib Çelebi in the edition of Idris Bostan (Ankara, 2008).
A Jewel of Ottoman Naval History: The Book of Kâtib Çelebi on Naval Campaigns
This is a review of the book prepared by Prof. Dr. Idris...
Figure 1: Picture of one of al-Jazari's automatic machines: a musical toy in the form of a boat. From a manuscript of his book copied in Syria in 715 H/1315 CE (opaque watercolour, ink and gold on paper). Source: http://www.asia.si.edu/collections/zoomObject.cfm?ObjectId=9919.
800 Years Later: In Memory of Al-Jazari, A Genius Mechanical Engineer
Al-Jazari (1136-1206) was an important Arab Muslim scholar...
Al-Jazari's Third Water-Raising Device: Analysis of its Mathematical and Mechanical Principles
The List of Al-jazari Articles Published on Muslim Heritage Website
Some 800 years in the past, in 1206, a brilliant Muslim...
His Honour Judge John Roberts, current President of the club, is seen presenting Professor Al-Hassani with a copy of Liverpool 800, a new book on the history of Liverpool in celebration of the city's 800th anniversary and receiving a copy of the 1001i book for the Athenaeum library.
Lecture at Liverpool Athenaeum
800th anniversary and receiving a copy of the 1001i book...


text:
Chess Timer 1
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Chess Timer 1 is known as an interesting and easy to play game. A chess timer that tracks time played and number of moves. You can set each player's time separately. Built in Flash, it will run on any platform that supports the Flash Player. Nice graphics, too.
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Religion (Atheism) Movies on DVD
NOTE: Some actor or director listings that appear in this section may not be the complete listing for that person. Please use our actor search or director search for the most comprehensive listings.
TITLE (Click on any title for more information)
Religulous on DVD (2008)
SKU: D40737STARRING: Bill Maher, Julie Maher, Kathie Maher
Price: $14.99


text:
Winnipeg Free Press - ONLINE EDITION
Posted: 04/19/2013 1:55 PM | Comments: 0
Last Modified: 04/19/2013 3:12 PM | Updates
They've been keeping pace with those in front of them. Now the Winnipeg Jets get a real chance to gain some ground.
The push for an NHL playoff spot is in the home stretch now, what with the Jets having just four regular-season games remaining. And now comes the critical tests: Winnipeg plays host to the New York Islanders Saturday afternoon (2 p.m.; TSNJets/TSN 1290) in the final contest of a six-game homestand and then heads on the road early next week for contests in Buffalo and Washington.
The Jets trail the Caps by two points in the battle for top spot in the Southeast Division and are three back of the seventh-place Isles in the race for one of eight playoff positions. The New York Rangers and Jets are both tied with 48 points, although the Blueshirts have played one less game.
"(The Islanders) are a team that's playing well now," said Jets captain Andrew Ladd. "The last time (a 5-2 loss on Long Island on April 2nd) we saw what they can do to you. They've got a lot of speed, a lot of skill and they do the right things and play the right way. They don't give you much the other way. We'll have to be ready right from the get-go. Everyone knows the importance of the game and we've got to bring our best."
The Jets have reeled off five straight wins, a feat not matched by the franchise since the Atlanta Thrashers won six straight in November of 2010. The Islanders are coming off a 5-3 win over Toronto on Thursday and are 7-1-2 in their last 10 games.
"It's a game we've been waiting for," said Bryan Little. "We're winning games, we're watching the scores and the teams we are chasing are winning games, too. It's finally nice to play a team that we're chasing."
Of note from Friday:
"When you coach you do things to help you win. I juggle lines, I juggle people, I take some in, some out. You do things for the only reason there is: to help you win. Whatever that means.
"It's the same thing with my philosophy on whether you keep the lineup the same because you're winning. Not really. People might think that, but if I feel that we would win against the Islanders with three new players and I have three players I think would help us win I'll put them in. It's the same thing. You do the same things for the same results. You're looking to try and get the same results. How you get there doesn't matter. Sometimes they work, sometimes they don't."
Twitter: @WFPEdTait
Updated on Friday, April 19, 2013 at 3:12 PM CDT: Adds videos.
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You can now plan your death, buy farm-raised cruelty-free eggs, and get a root canal — in the mall.
That the traditional mall — the behemoth anchored by big-name department stores and populated by Abercrombie-wearing teens — seems to be dying shouldn't be a surprise to anyone who's read the news recently. There have been no new enclosed malls built in the U.S. since 2006, and by some estimates 15% of the U.S. malls that are still kicking will be closed or changed into non-retail space in the next decade. There's even a website devoted to the demise of malls: DeadMalls.com.
That said, don't count the mall out yet. Where some stores once stood, there are new — and sometimes unconventional — options popping up, says Jesse Tron, a spokesperson for the International Council of Shopping Centers. "It's increasingly important for malls to be more than just a channel for goods," he says. Some mall operators are even reinventing the entire mall concept with "lifestyle malls" that offer everything from community meeting centers to live entertainment, says Robin Lewis, the founder and CEO of retailing site The Robin Report.
Here are 11 surprising things malls are now good for.
— By Catey Hill
Tie the knot — and plan your funeral
You can now profess your eternal love — or plan your eternity — at the mall. Mall of America in Bloomington, Minn., has a Chapel of Love that has hosted more than 7,500 weddings, says mall spokeswoman Julie Hansen. Apparently, Americans are so keen on getting married in a mall that the chapel's traffic is boosting other stores' bottom lines. "People buy tiaras and other things for their flower girls to wear when they're here," says Hansen. On a more depressing note, some malls now have so-called "death kiosks," which help people plan their funerals. Funeral provider Forest Lawn has put the kiosks in some Southern California malls; they include brochures and information about funeral planning, cremation and more.
Get a root canal and other medical procedures
Doctor's and dentist's offices, as well as walk-in health clinics, are increasingly popping up in malls, says ICSC's Tron. Dental chain DentalWorks has locations in Woodfield Mall in Schaumburg, Ill. and at Crabtree Valley Mall in Raleigh, N.C., among other malls, and Family Group Dental has an office in the Southgate Mall in Missoula, Montana. The South Plains Mall in Lubbock, Tex. now has a walk-in doctor's office, as does the Southgate Mall, and the Grand Traverse Mall in Traverse, Mich. has a chiropractor. These doctors and dentists join a host of eye doctors that have long occupied space in malls. What's more, if it's Fido who isn't feeling so hot, some JLL-managed malls have on-site veterinary clinics.
Buy booze and groceries
The 290-store Ala Moana Center in Honolulu — one of Hawaii's largest malls — is likely to get a yummy new addition: its very own grocery store. Organic grocer Whole Foods is in talks to join the mall's roster of retailers and restaurants. Other malls with grocery stores include Fashion Island mall in Newport Beach, Calif., which houses a Whole Foods; Chicago Ridge Mall, which houses discount grocer Aldi; and Longleaf Mall in Wilmington, N.C., which has a Harris Teeter. To Rick Caruso, founder and CEO at Caruso Affiliated, which develops malls, this makes financial sense: "It brings customers into your mall about two times a week," says Caruso. Plus, mall consumers say they want the option to fill up the fridge: A survey by the International Council of Shopping Centers found that roughly one in three shoppers said they would like a grocery store in their local mall. A handful of other malls have wine and liquor store tenants.
Peruse cultural and art exhibitions
When Bloomingdale's decided to decamp from Mall of America last year, mall executives debated whether to replace it with another big-box store, says Hansen. But in the end, they decided to "do something more experiential" as the mall believes that its future is in delivering exhibits and other experiences. "When people come from an exhibit, they usually stay for a coffee or lunch," says Hansen. So they went with an exhibition, called Barbie Dreamhouse Experience, which is a 30,000 square foot exhibition all about Barbie; plus, the mall recently added a CSI exhibition and will open a Star Trek one. All told, the mall has converted about 65,000 square feet of former retail space into a permanent exhibit center. And The Grove mall in Los Angeles has hosted an exhibit by designer Stephen Stefanou, as well as Picasso and Miro paintings, Cirque du Soleil performances and an exhibit on Hollywood.
Work out and lose weight
At the Phillipsburg Mall in New Jersey, a Gold's Gym is opening later this year; mall owner Rouse Properties has a number of malls with gymnastics, taekwondo and fitness studios; and some JLL properties have karate and dance studios, as well as skateboard areas. For those who prefer to count calories instead of reps, a number of malls now have Weight Watchers and Jenny Craig facilities, including Oxford Valley Mall in Langhorne, Penn. and Montgomery Mall in North Wales, Penn.
Churches and worship centers are popping up at malls across the country — a move that experts say makes sense because many people will regularly come to church on their day off and may stay for lunch or shopping. For example, City Church, which has about 1,800 regularly attending members, began offering services at the Tallahassee Mall in Florida last year; also in Florida, the Christ Fellowship Church found a home in the Boynton Beach Mall. And Westside Fellowship Church sometimes rents out space in Holy Hill Mall in Burlington, N.C., to spread its word around Christmas, offering Sunday services and free gift wrapping.
Pay taxes
If you're in the mood to shop while someone prepares your taxes, you're in luck: more than a dozen malls now rent out space to tax specialists. Rouse Properties says that 11 of its properties rent space to accountants and tax preparers, including Southland Mall in Hayward, Calif. and Vista Ridge Mall in Lewisville, Texas. And a handful of malls owned by JLL also rent out space to tax prep companies, including Westgate Mall in Amarillo, Texas. Many of the tax prep stores in malls are pop-up locales that open just for tax season in empty retail spots.
Buy a house or car
Interested in renting a new pad or finally buying that dream home? Look no further than your local mall. Real-estate agents have set up shop at Birchwood Mall in Fort Gratiot, Mich.; Chesterfield Towne Center in Richmond, Virginia; and Chula Vista Mall in Chula Vista, Calif. This makes sense, says Lewis, because it allows real-estate agents to take advantage of the traffic that already comes through malls. What's more, some car dealers are moving into malls: For example, Tesla Motors now has a store in Fashion Mall in Newport Beach, Calif.
Go to school
Some malls are renting their empty spaces to schools and other institutions of learning that teach everyone from infants to adults. The Woodbury Town Center mall in Irvine, Calif. contains the Great Foundations Montessori school, which teaches children up to age 6. The Mall at Greece Ridge in Rochester, N.Y., contains Greece Community Education, which focuses on adult education and after school programs. If you want to learn a trade like hair styling, the mall may also be a god bet: The International Academy of Hair Design is located in the Desert Sky Mall in Phoenix and the Roanoke Beauty School is located in the Crossroads Mall in Roanoke, Va.
Listen to live music
Not too long ago, the Fiesta Mall in Atlanta was suffering badly, says Lewis, but its new management decided to make it more of a lifestyle mall — complete with live mariachi music on the weekends to attract nearby Latino families, as well as cultural celebrations like Cinco de Mayo parties with bands and children's entertainers. The mall, he says, now has significantly higher traffic and sales. It joins other malls that offer live music to consumers, like Dolphin Mall in Miami, which has musicians play on many Fridays, Saturdays and Sundays. "Live entertainment gives people another reason to visit the mall," says Andrew Grasier, the co-president of A&G Realty — and that's good for malls' bottom lines.
Find deals (really)
Traffic in malls is down and that means stores sometimes offer very aggressive promotions to attract consumers, says Trae Bodge, senior editor of coupon site RetailMeNot.com. "Prices aren't always better online," says Bodge. Plus, in-store sales don't come with shipping charges. "Some retailers offer pop-up sales only in store and they're great for finding clearance items that are limited in quantity or often out of stock online because they go quickly," says savings expert Andrea Woroch. Bodge says that to figure out whether you're getting a good deal in a store, use your smartphone. Apps like RedLaser let you scan the bar code of an item to price check it with online and nearby brick-and-mortar stores; GPS-enabled apps like RetailMeNot's Coupons use your location to send coupons for the stores you're passing by right to your phone.
• These toys could make your kids smarter
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• 10 things you feed kids but probably shouldn't
work • Jobs where women make much less than men
• 10 jobs robots already do better than you
• 5 blue-collar jobs that pay $100,000 a year
• 10 best-paying jobs without a college degree
5 once-prestigious jobs that are now B-List
• 10 business schools that churn out billionaires
• The best college for every major
• 10 states where college is most affordable
• 10 states where college is most expensive
Wealth • 5 supermodels rich from second careers
• 10 richest newcomers on billionaire list
• Meet the richest person in each U.S. state
• 5 celebrity money mistakes we can learn from
• The five best books Bill Gates read in 2014
Investing • Robo advisers vs. human investment advisers
• 5 things you don't know about Vanguard
• 10 ways to lower your health-care costs
• 5 reasons you are poor
• How much to tip everyone
• 7 reasons some shoppers hate Costco
• 5 things NOT to buy at Costco and Sam's Club
• What not to buy on Amazon
• 10 retail tricks that make you spend more
• What a $1 million home looks like across U.S.
• Best places in U.S. to buy a vacation home
• 5 countries for buying a second home
• Biggest surprise among 10 greenest U.S. cities
• The 10 smartest cities in America
• 10 most miserable cities in America
• Are these 7 remodeling projects worth it?
• 10 states with best bang for taxpayers
• 10 states with the worst bang for the buck
Retirement • 10 coastal towns where you can afford to retire
• 5 tips to help you retire early
• The 10 best states to grow old in
• The 5 best cities for aging well
• The best places to retire abroad — with friends
• Great mountain towns for retirees
• 10 most popular U.S. cities to retire in
• 10 budget cities where you can retire in comfort
TRAVEL • Which passports are best (and worst) to have?
• 5 places in Europe deal hunters should visit
• 12 money-saving travel secrets from experts
• 4 things NOT to buy in duty free shops
• Airlines with the best economy seats
• 8 must-see sites for fans of Nikola Tesla
• 10 safest cities in the world
technology • 6 unexpected places to find solar power
• 5 cool gadgets coming to consumers
• 8 technologies that will change everything
• 6 drones you need to see
• Apple, Google, and mobile payments arms race
cars • Now taking orders for sexiest supercar
• Your flying car is finally here…almost
• Lincoln concept points in a new direction
• New Mercedes GLE at the NY auto show
• Ferrari 488 GTB revs up Geneva auto show
• Arctic Circle: best place to drive a Lamborghini
• 10 cars that could actually go up in value
• 10 classic car beauties
• The 10 most obnoxious car features
• 10 surprising myths about gas mileage
• New cars, trucks with the worst gas mileage


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Notice that the code numbers are in decimal. These are sometimes shown with a leading 0, but it doesn't matter. In the table, the actual characters are produced to the right of the character entities using the respective entity forms. ISO 8859-1 Latin-1 supplement character entitiesAlthough HTML is often coded using direct insertion of 8-bit character codes (that is, codes in the range € to ÿ), and these codes are recognized as being in some appropriate character set encoding by browsers, these codes are not safe to use across character-set encoding systems. The safest way to specify those additional characters is with character entities, when defined, and with Unicode numeric codes when not defined.Here are the the codes for the graphical and control extensions that are defined for use with XHTML:
There are additional characters in the range À to ÿ. These are all special forms of letters, and they are most-often used in bibliographic citations and the correct spelling of names (e.g, Gödel). The entity names are systematic (e.g., ö for ö, Ö for Ö, and é for é). These names should be used instead of direct entry of the characters, and they are simple to learn with practice. I have listed, above, only those special symbols of the Latin-1 supplement that may be useful in formulae or adapted to specialized symbolic purposes. Users of Microsoft Windows character sets will recognize that there are additional special characters available within the 8-bit code of the platform. The characters corresponding to these codes are also useful, but the codes are not appropriate to use in what is intended to be UTF-8 encoding for Unicodes. The trick is to find designations in Unicode or at least having defined character entities. ISO 8859-7 and the Greek lettersUnicode provides for Greek and Coptic alphabets as they are used. This goes beyond the typical use of the Greek alphabet in mathematical symbology, so I wil not attempt to portray all of the characters.The unicode table for Greek characters based on ISO 8859-7 begins at U+0370, decimal code position #880. The code block is not fully used. Here are the selections, with their character entity names, that are most-commonly used as mathematical symbols:
There are miscellaneous characters of some possible use at the end of the Unicode Greek block. None of those codes, such as ϕ for a Greek script phi, produced useful character graphics in the display of those in my browser. And none of the character entity names that I guessed accomplished anything either. Additional interesting symbolsThe following symbols are part of a general effort to find other useful goodies in the available Unicode fonts. I don't even have good guesses for entity character names, so I will show the Unicode code as well as the numeric entity code:
There are other Unicodes to try out and see what can be reliably presented. Taming <ob>This is a quick note related to the theoretical structure, <ob> that is fundamental to what I call oMiser.Making Individuals from ObsI have an encapsulation mechanism in <ob> already. The function ob.e(x) determines another ob, y, that in some sense encapsulates x. Speaking operationally, x can be discovered given ob.e(x). ob.e is constructive and predicative.The other characteristic of <ob> is that the functions, Of, allowed in the structure, that is, that can be presumed to be in the set of all functions, (Ob) -> Ob, (Ob, Ob) -> Ob, etc., are well-defined. (This might be a peculiar statement to make, but take it as a meta-observation that the structure does not admit of any such thing as a function that is not well-defined in the simple mathematical sense of "well-defined" and the identity relation on Obs.) Blogging the notationFirst, I have some notational difficulties here. I haven't figured out how to type the Miser-theory notational elements in Blogger. I am going to have to learn the Unicode for characters I want to use. It is time I did that anyhow. I will forego that right now and touch it up later.The function ob.procI have been investigating the consequences of having a function, ob.proc, presumed in Of, that given any Ob whatsoever, will deliver an individual. (In LISP, it would be like generating an atom for any arbitrary S-expression.)The introduction of ob.proc is part of a demonstration of the strong limitations there are on any computational realization (what I call a manifest abstraction in this particular case) of <ob> given the requirement for well-definedness and the preservation of mathematics as we know it. One avenue I want to explore has to do with the identification and differentiation of entities in any successful manifestation of <ob>. I didn't realize that there is also an impact on the well-ordering presumption until just now. That is what has moved me to write something down here. The nature of ob.proc is that if x = y then ob.proc(x) = ob.proc(y). Likewise, if x != y then ob.proc(x) != ob.proc(y). Up to this point the Obs are denumerable, and there is nothing that stands out as a difficulty here. Well-ordering conditionsThe Obs are required to be well-ordered. We may not know what the well-ordering is, but there must be one.The device I used to introduce and enforce well-ordering in the application of <ob>, is to ensure that all individuals (the basic atomic constituents of all Obs) precede any constructed Ob. A constructed Ob, z, is one such that there is an x such that z = ob.e(x) or there are x and y such that z = ob.c(x, y). The other aspect of the well ordering is that when either of those conditions hold, x and y "precede" z in the well ordering. That is, there is no possibility of cycles among Obs nor of any construction having itself or anything that is constructed from itself within its own construction, however far down. This is quite different than rules admitted by computational systems putatively based on something comparable to <ob>. Even in a system as "pure" as Scheme, it is possible to create what appear to be loops in constructions. For oMiser, cycles among Obs are simply not possible and this condition will never be violated. I am not out to prevent state and assignment (memory-updating) operations in Miser systems. I am saying that they are invisible in the part of Miser theory covered by <ob> and oMiser. Now, here's the next piece. To have an applied theory, <ob>, I find the need to say some things about the differentiation of individuals, Obs that are fundamental in constructions. That is, they cannot be taken apart or deconstructed or whatever we want to call it. The way I handle that is by insisting that there is a well-ordering where all individuals precede all constructions. And when I introduce a constant for an individual, such as the individual identifed as ob-NULL, I express the differentiation by saying what known individuals a newly-identified individual precedes or follows in the well-ordering. This gives me the necessary inequality of individuals with respect to each other and with respect to anything constructed using ob.c and ob.e. Well-ordering violated?In proposing the function ob.proc, I was led to some conditions on identity that have to be dealt with in the computational manifestation of <ob>. I had not considered that the definition of ob.proc violates what I thought of as an inviolable companion to the well-ordering condition.By making ob.proc(x) be an individual, it is then necessarily the case, as I have set things up, that op.proc(x) precedes (in the sense determined by a well-ordering) x whenever x is a construction. And If x is itself an individual I have more to be concerned about. In particular, I must deal with the case where x is ob.proc(y) or x (or y) has some ob.proc(z) down in its construction. I am not willing to admit the possibility of cycles via ob.proc or any other presumed-innocent member of Of. More than that, I want the simple equational theory that I use for <ob> to actually have that as a prohibition. I can obtain it as a meta-condition on what can be manifest computationally, but I would prefer to have it expressed in the (applied) theory itself. So, that's where I am. Relying on well-ordering becomes much more difficult, it seems to me, the minute that I have any kind of construction, such as ob.proc(x) that determines an Ob that might precede x or, worse yet, not be different than x (or some constituent of x). Differentiation of individuals. Now, I didn't think I'd have to say anything special with regard to ob.proc(x) being different than any other identified individual. If x and y are provably different, ob.proc(x) and ob.proc(y) are provably different also. I think I can force all the ob.proc-deternined individuals to be provably different from all other individuals that are explicitly identified in the (applied) theory. (This gets me into relying on the consistency of <ob> so that any contradiction of stated well-ordering conditions is a refutation of the contradiction, not a demonstration of inconsistency. I think I can live with that.) I am led to the question, is ob.proc(ob.proc(x)) required to be provably different than ob.proc(x)? By analogy with ob.e(x), it is. I think I must keep it that way. And be certain about it. That is, I can't just not say either way, and leave it open. Because the oracle for identity in any computational manifestation must answer the question, and every such oracle must deliver the same answer. If I fail at that, the manifestation of the abstraction is "broken" in that there are things that can be determined by computation that the theory dictates must not be discernable for the manifestation to be a valid interpretation of the theory. Applicative interpretation of ob.proc(x). I've said enought to have captured this for myself. Let me just leave with why ob.proc is interesting to me. Every Ob in <ob> has an applicative interpretation. This includes every individual, including any ob.proc(x). The applicative interpretation of ob.proc(x) is given by the condition that oApInt(ob.proc(x), y) = ob.ap(x, y) where ob.ap is "the" (by convention) universal computational function over Obs and oApInt is an auxilliary function that expresses the applicative interpretation of ob.ap(z, y) when z is an individual. So ob.proc is idempotent with respect to applicative interpretation. Indeed, it's applicative interpretation is the identity function. (It is not an identifty function on Ob, however: Ob ob.proc(x) is different than Ob x.) The point behind hypothesizing that ob.proc is in Of is to consider how one can completely hide an Ob in an individual such that all that is preserved is the applicative interpretation of the Ob, with no means to discover the original Ob by inspection alone. That is, individuals are differentiable, but knowing anything else about them (in terms of what the theory of <ob> can provide) requires a priori knowledge: I must somehow know which individual it is (that is, what it is the ob.proc of), and go from there. That is not the case with constructions, which can be inspected in computations by reliance on the identity oracle and the two primitive functions, ob.a and ob.b. I am now left to wonder whether even this simple case exhibits some of the problems of self-reference that arise in (theories of) (universal) computational systems.


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Arizona Cardinals NFL® Driver Headcover
Sale price: Clearance price: Starting at: Sale starting at: Clearance starting at: Reg. price:
- Show your Arizona Cardinals pride on the course
- Specifically tailored to fit most 460cc drivers
- Made from durable 420D nylon
- Shaft Gripper™ technology
Show everyone on the course that you're a true Cardinals fan with this Arizona Cardinals NFL Driver Headcover. Specifically tailored to fit most 460cc drivers, the durable 420D nylon Driver Headcover sports three embroidered Arizona Cardinals trademarks in vibrant team colors. The patented Shaft Gripper™ technology easily releases to allow quick single-handed removal from your driver. Imported.


text:
About the Contributor
About M.A.Author:
I am a senior in high school (thank goodness), and I love to write and read. I hope you enjoy my work. I dearly wish to have a published novel in the next year. It's impossible for me to narrow down my list of favorite authors to a Top Five.
Articles and Art by M.A.Author:
Poetry section, Teen Ink
Young Love
Poetry section, Teen Ink
Getting Rid of a Dead Body
Fiction section, Teen Ink
The Fine Line
Fiction section, Teen Ink |
M.A.Author's Favorite Personal Quote:
"You keep using that word. I don't think it means what you think it means." -- Inigo Montoya"...Ideas are bulletproof." -- V
"Adventures make one late for dinner." -- Bilbo Baggins
M.A.Author's Hobbies & Favorites:
Favorite books: | Lord of the Rings, A Song of Ice and Fire, Kingkiller Chronicles, Good Omens, Chronicles of Narnia |
Favorite authors: | Tolkien, G. R. R. Martin, Neil Gaiman, Terry Pratchet, Richard Adams |
Favorite movies: | Star Wars: A New Hope, The Dark Knight, Inception |
Favorite TV shows: | NCIS, White Collar, Burn Notice, Colbert Report |
Favorite gadgets: | iPhone, Netbook, Car keys |
Favorite hobbies: | Reading, Writing, Gaming, Procrastinating |


text:
Bowl of Fusilli Pasta dressed in Pesto with Parmesan Shaves
Similar images:
- Open Lasagne of Salmon and Spinach with a Saffron Cream
- Open Lasagne of Salmon and Spinach with a Saffron Cream
- Panetonne
- Breadcrumbed Mozzarella Cheese with Roasted Cherry Tomatoes and
- Razor Clams with Stewed Tomatoes Garlic and Olives
- Oxtail Braised in Red Wine with Basil Gnocchi and Parmesan Chees
- Bowl of Gnocchi with a Bacon Tomato and Basil Dressing
- Campanelle Pasta with Beef Fillet Strips in a Sage and Grain Mus
- Plate of Penne Arabriatta
- Gnocchi Romana with Tomato Sauce
Photo of Bowl of Fusilli Pasta dressed in Pesto with Parmesan Shaves
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- It's best to buy a size that's close to or one size larger than the final size you need.


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For Immediate Release:
June 21, 2012
Contact: 518-486-9846
Follow us on Twitter @NYSDOS
Hearing Aid Dispensing Advisory Board to Hold a Meeting on June 26, 2012
The Board will discuss Internet Sale of Hearing Aids
ALBANY - The New York Department of State will hold a public meeting on Tuesday, June 26. 10:30 am at 99 Washington Avenue, 5th Floor Conference Room in Albany. The Department's Division of Licensing Services issues licenses to persons who dispense hearing aids, and the Hearing Aid Dispensing Advisory Board advises the Department on adoption of rules and regulations relating to this discipline.
The Department's Hearing Aid Dispensing Advisory Board is convening to discuss the internet sale of hearing aids. The public is welcome to attend.
WHO: | Hearing Aid Dispensing Advisory Board |
WHAT: | Public Meeting of the Board |
WHEN: | Tuesday, June 26, 10:30 a.m. |
WHERE: | Department of State Division of Licensing Services 99 Washington Avenue 5th Floor Conference Room Albany, NY |
This meeting will also be webcast live at: http://www.dos.ny.gov/programguide/webcast.jsp


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Academe To Present Panel Discussion |
November 11, 2002 -- Academe will meet on Thursday, November 14, 2002, at 2:30 p.m. in Room 1101
B, Houston Cole Library. Teresa
Reed, Paula Barnett-Ellis, Benji Blair, and Carmine Di Biase will present
a panel discussion, "Capturing Our Students' (Cheatin') Hearts: Strategies
for Finding and
Exposing Plagiarism in the College Classroom." After the panelists
complete their presentations, there will be a question/answer/comment
period. Please come participate in Academe's exploration of this timely
© Copyright 2002: Jacksonville State University | Pagemaster |


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advise on trail shoes for a bigger runner.
Hey Craig, the problem with goretex is yes they keep the water out but that also means they keep the sweat in! You end up with wet feet anyway, go for something breathable
salomon speedcross are popular. They have big squashy heels for heavy heel strikers. Don't bother with goretex lining
I run in sandals now so I cant really help out much with new shoes but when I used to run in shoes I had the speedcross 2, absolutely stunning grip! They are however a little narrow at the front but have a great lacing system. A pull cord and a little pocket on the tongue, genius! Oh and if you put them in the washing machine remember to pack them out well as they dry or they shrink!!


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Juniper = Networking, right? Well, that's not quite true anymore.
Juniper still offers lots of great networking equipment, but we've also been growing our software offerings for the past few years (albeit a bit quietly) and this year at JavaOne we really wanted to showcase what we're doing.
No longer does Juniper only = Networking, but Juniper also = better web applications for developers.
Read more...
Predictable, reliable end-to-end network behavior over a wide range of operating conditions and constraints is the new ingredient brand, much as "Intel Inside" defined the corresponding PC attributes through the explosion of desktop computing. You need the network exposed such that it can be smarter about your code, and your code can optimize its use of network resources.
That's our goal of making the New Network programmable - it makes applications aware of the network and the network aware of its set of applications. And along the way, it may make IT and development better friends.
Read more...


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OLR Bill Analysis
Starting January 1, 2014, this bill increases the contribution rate for employees who belong to the state's Municipal Employee Retirement System (MERS) and reduces the amount of time in which they can withdraw their contributions if they leave the system before retiring. MERS is a statewide pension system for municipal employees that municipalities can opt into by agreeing to meet specified financial requirements. It is administered by the state retirement commission.
Under current law, MERS participants must contribute 5% of the portion of their pay that is not subject to Social Security tax and 2.25% of the portion of their pay that is subject to the tax. Table 1 shows how the bill increases these contributions over the next three years.
Table 1. MERS Contribution Increases Under the Bill
Portion of pay subject to Social Security tax |
Portion of pay not subject to Social Security tax | |
Contributions under current law |
2.25% |
5% |
Contributions starting 1/1/2014 under the bill |
3.25% |
6% |
Contributions starting 1/1/2015 under the bill |
4.25% |
6% |
Contributions starting 1/1/2016 under the bill |
5% |
7.75% |
How these changes will affect MERS participant's will depend on the participant's salary and whether he or she is covered by Social Security. For participants who are not covered by Social Security, and whose pay is thus not subject to Social Security taxes, the bill gradually increases contributions from their current 5% of pay to 7.75% in 2016.
Under the bill, participants who are covered by Social Security but make less than Social Security's taxable income limit (currently $113,700) will have their contributions gradually increase from 2.25% to 5% in 2016 because all of their pay is subject to Social Security tax. Participants with incomes over this limit pay two contribution rates, one for the portion of their salary subject to Social Security tax, which the bill increases from 2.25% to 5%, and a second for the portion of their salary above the limit (thus not subject to Social Security tax), which the bill increases from 5% to 7.75%.
When a MERS participant leaves municipal employment before becoming eligible to retire, current law gives the participant up to 10 years to withdraw his or her contributions, plus 5% annual interest. After 10 years, the funds revert to the system. Under the bill, the participant has five years to withdraw his or her contributions and interest before they revert to the system.
The bill does not specify how this change will affect a former participant's funds that have been left in the system for more than five years, but less than 10 years, when the bill becomes effective. It is unclear if such a participant would have a property right to the funds otherwise reverting to the system.
EFFECTIVE DATE: October 1, 2013
Labor and Public Employees Committee
Joint Favorable Substitute
Yea |
9 |
Nay |
2 |
(03/14/2013) |


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Tim Luke, a featured appraiser on HGTV's television show "Cash in the Attic" and antiques expert for JustAnswer.com, tells one lucky Antique Trader subscriber her Ansonia Crystal Palace mantle clock is worth $850. PLUS: The History of Ansonia Clock Co. courtesy of the Encyclopedia of Antique American Clocks.
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Author Archives: Tim Luke
Couple's antique cellaret and mahogany inlay screen worth $7,000
We make good on our pledge for more free appraisals for Antique Trader subscribers. This week, Tim Luke, host of HGTV's "Cash in the Attic," tackles your favorite finds courtesy of JustAnswer.com.
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How To Be A Doomsday Prepper. Looking for a great guide on prepping for disasters of many kinds? Checkout this app and see how others are doing just that. Refuse to let yourself be caught with out the insights you need to thrive in times of emergency. Act now before it's too late. How To Be A Doomsday Prepper.
Tags: preppers wallpaper, prepper home.
Tags: preppers wallpaper, prepper home.
Recently changed in this version
1.01 - Added a Bugout Bag Section - Very important to have one ready.
1.02 - Added more full length videos. Over 25 now.
1.04 - Added another full length video.


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- With the contemporary design added to the traditional cast iron, trivet can make a great accent to shelf, wall or table.
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Doctors: Season 11, Episode 79Hot Milk and Butterscotch (11 Aug. 2009)
(awaiting 5 votes)
Reviews: write review Elijah's beloved wife dies. Michelle wakes up in another man's bed. She almost misses Elijah's cries for help due to her drunken flashes to the night before. Heston makes a wild jealous assumption about Lily and Simon. Director:Daniel Wilson |
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A Japanese N2 Test HD
As you know, grammar is very important in JLPT, so are you ready to learn
the it on your Ipad or Iphone wherever you go?
"Japanese grammar guide for JLPT N2" can help you to do that and
can help you master the JLPT grammar easier.
We have prepared the most important samples for you to review the grammar in JLPT N2.
The Japanese Language Proficiency Test or JLPT is a standardized test used to evaluate and certify the Japanese Language proficiency of non-native speakers. There are four levels, level 4 being the easiest, and level 1 being the hardest. Although in 2010 a revised format consisting of 5 levels will be implemented. For students of Japanese, the JLPT serves as a measurement of one's skills.
A revised test pattern, originally scheduled to be implemented from December 2009, has been postponed until 2010. The revised test will consist of five levels: N1, N2, N3, N4, and N5, with N1 being the highest level and N5 the easiest.
N1: the same passing level as the original level 1, but able to gauge slightly more advanced skills, possibly through equating of test scores
N2: the same as the original level 2
N3: in between the original level 2 and level 3
N4: the same as the original level 3
N5: the same as the original level 4
The revised test will continue to test the same categories as the original, but the first and third sections of the test will be combined into a single section. Sections on oral and writing skills will not be introduced.
"Japanese grammar guide for JLPT N2" focus on JLPT N2 and has collected more than 180 important samples for the examination takers, for they to do the review everywhere.
What's new
bug fixed.
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- Last changed:
- Sep 06, 2012
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- Education
- Developer:
- MadPhone
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- 1.25
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