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I feel slightly embarassed that my only introduction to going raw has been to try and reverse, or manage diabetes. I was diagnosed very recently with type 1 diabetes, after ending up in the accident and emergency dep, suffering with the early stages of ketoacidosis. I am 25, very slim, and THOUGHT that I had a...reasonable diet. After spending several days researching the power of going raw, I feel absolutely disgusted at the food I was eating.
What I find even more shocking is the diet plan I was given by a diabetic dietician. I dont think they could be more innaccurate if they tried. I was 50% raw for three weeks, but only 100% for 5days. I am waiting on a raw food for diabetes book to arrive so I can make sure I am eating the correct amounts etc. The smoothies I have been making are absolutely delicious and...I guess for some of you this is no suprise - I have the best blood sugar levels in weeks (i was around the 18 mark after meals, and was having to increase insulin every other day) to now REDUCING insulin, and waking up to blood sugar in the normal range (5.8) vs the 13-15 i was getting on higher levels of insulin, and the complete removal of any cakes, sweets, crisps etc.
Im sorry this message is all over the place...but im intrigued as to whether anyone else is using raw foods to control their diabetes. I actually feel that this chronic depressing illness (Which the diabetes team tell me I should be experiencing grief about) is actually about to save my life, and make the life i have soooo much better by forcing me into eating PROPERLY. I never would have done it without the kick up the bum of diabetes. Already after quitting junk food and drinks for 3 weeks I dont even want them. I took a bite of a biscuit (and i mean a small bite) and it made me feel sick, so sweet i could feel the effect straight away. I've been poisoning myself for years.
Would love to hear from others as although I am excited to be embarking on this life changing journey, it also feels a little lonely :)
Right now...thank god for diabetes.!!


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subset: commoncrawl


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The presence of circulating tumor cells (CTC) is an independent prognostic factor for progression-free survival and breast cancer-related death (BRD) for patients with metastatic breast cancer beginning a new line of systemic therapy. The current study was undertaken to explore whether the presence of CTC at the time of diagnosis was associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS) and BRD.
In a prospective single center study, CTC were enumerated with the CellSearch system in 30 ml of peripheral blood of 602 patients before undergoing surgery for breast cancer. There were 97 patients with a benign tumor, 101 did not meet the inclusion criteria of which there were 48 patients with DCIS, leaving 404 stage I to III patients. Patients were stratified into unfavorable (CTC ≥1) and favorable (CTC = 0) prognostic groups.
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Presence of CTC in breast cancer patients before undergoing surgery with curative intent is associated with an increased risk for breast cancer-related death.
With 1.15 million new cases each year, breast cancer is the most common form of cancer among women worldwide [1]. Patients with non-metastatic breast cancer are treated surgically with or without adjuvant therapy. Adjuvant treatments are only indicated if they significantly reduce the risk for recurrence. Risk assessment is of utmost importance because of the well-known side effects of adjuvant treatment and is being conducted by means of TNM classification and differentiation grade complemented by estrogen and progesterone receptor status, Her2neu expression and peritumoral vascular invasion [2-6]. More recent improvement of the risk assessment is obtained through the molecular characterization of the tumor and identifies patients who are predicted to obtain the most therapeutic benefit [7-15]. These methods identify genetic phenotypes with a higher likelihood for micrometastasis that can lead to disease recurrence. Detection of the actual presence of tumor cells beyond the primary tumor is preferred, but may not be sufficient, as one cannot distinguish between dormant tumor cells and those giving rise to recurrence of the disease [16,17]. The presence of micrometastases in bone marrow of breast cancer patients is associated with an increased risk for disease recurrence and death [18,19]. Detection of bone marrow micrometastasis has, however, not been adapted as standard in clinical practice [20]. A more attractive approach for the detection of the presence of tumor cells beyond the primary tumor is the detection of circulating tumor cells (CTC). For CTC detection a validated method is available [21] and several studies have demonstrated that the presence of CTC in patients with metastatic breast cancer is associated with a significantly shorter progression-free and overall survival [22-29]. In these studies, CTC can be found in approximately 70% of metastatic breast cancer patients. Before receiving neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer the frequency in which CTC are detected is significantly lower (approximately 20%), and their presence was associated with a significant risk for recurrence [30]. The purpose of this study is to examine the frequency of CTC in non-metastatic breast cancer and determine whether their presence is associated with an increased recurrence rate or breast cancer-related death (BRD).
Materials and methods
Study design
In this single-blind prospective study, 602 patients were enrolled before surgery for a breast tumor with curative intend. To increase the sensitivity, 30 ml of blood was drawn in all patients into four CellSave preservative tubes (Veridex, Raritan, NJ, USA) before surgery to measure CTC. Patients who were 18 years or older, had an ECOG performance status of 0 or 1, and clinical stage I to III breast cancer were included in the study. Patients who were found to have a benign tumor after histological analysis of the removed tumor were placed in a control group. Patients with the following characteristics were excluded: ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), other malignancies at the time of inclusion or within five years prior to inclusion except skin malignancy other than melanoma or cervical carcinoma in situ, patients with stage IV breast cancer at inclusion, male breast cancer. All patients were treated in accordance with Dutch national guidelines [31]. According to these guidelines, adjuvant systemic treatment (hormonal therapy or chemotherapy) is indicated in node-positive patients, node-negative patients younger than 35 except those with a grade I tumor ≤ cm, patients of 35 years and older with a tumor larger than 1 cm and patients older than 35 except those with a grade I (and grade II until 2010) between 1 and 2 cm. Chemotherapy was advised up to 70 years old followed by hormonal therapy. Adjuvant Online [32] was used to calculate survival increase due to chemotherapy and, if this was found insignificant, chemotherapy was omitted. During the study, the chemotherapy regimen was changed from anthraclines-based to regimens that also included taxanes. Trastuzumab treatment was given for one year. There was no difference in treatment between CTC-positive and CTC-negative patients since treating physicians were blinded for CTC results. Follow-up was also in accordance with these guidelines: every three months in the first year with a yearly mammogram, every six months in the second year with a yearly mammogram, once a year from three to five years with yearly mammogram. After five years, all patients younger than 60 were seen yearly with a mammogram. For patients older than 60 this was once every two years. The ethics board of Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands approved the study protocol and all patients provided informed consent. We expected that 25% of patients would have CTC and a recurrence rate of 10% in the CTC-negative group and 20% in the CTC-positive group. For 80% power we calculated a sample size of 500 patients. A minimal follow-up period of six months was chosen. Body Mass Index was not captured and thus not considered in our analysis.
CellSearch system
The CellSearch system (Veridex, Raritan, NJ, USA) was used to measure CTC. Four 7.5 ml aliquots of each patient were analyzed within 72 hours after blood draw. This system immunomagnetically enriches CTC from 7.5 ml of blood targeting the epithelial cell adhesion molecules (EpCAM). The enriched cells are labeled with the nucleic acid dye 4',6-diaminodino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and antibodies specific for leukocytes (CD45) labeled with allophycocyan (APC) and specific for epithelial cells (cytokeratin 8, 18, 19) labeled with phycoerythrin (PE). Images of CTC candidates were captured by a semi-automatic magnetic fluorescence microscope and presented to experienced operators for classification as CTC when the cells were larger than 4 μm, expressed cytokeratin and lacked CD45 [21]. The operators were blinded to the clinical status of the patient.
Statistical analysis
Two databases were created, one with the results of the CTC analysis, patient ID and inclusion date and one with the clinical data from the patient charts; both were merged at the time of the analysis at the hospital. The following clinical data were included: age, menopausal status, tumor stage on basis of pTNM classification, estrogen/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) status, Her2Neu receptor status, differential grade of the tumor based on the Bloom-Richardson method, adjuvant treatment, date of recurrence if occurred, location of recurrence (local versus distant), date of breast cancer-associated death or non-breast cancer-associated death. ER and PR positivity was defined at 10% or more. Her2Neu positivity was defined as 3+ of 2+ with confirmation. The time until recurrence was defined as the time between date of inclusion and the date on which the recurrence was objectified with an appropriate diagnostic test. Follow-up time was defined as the time between inclusion date and the date of the last checkup. Patients with no objectified recurrence at the end of follow-up were considered free of recurrence. SPSS version 17 (SPSS Inc., Somers, NY, USA) was used for statistical analysis. Factors that have influence on recurrence, distant disease-free survival and breast cancer-related survival, were identified and placed in a multivariate logistic regression model to identify independent predictors of recurrence, distant recurrence and breast cancer-related death. In these models, all univariate significant variables were included and after step-by-step elimination of the least significant variable while observing less than 10% change in regression coefficient, a final model was reached for both recurrence and breast cancer-related death. Kaplan-Meier curves were generated for recurrence-free survival (RFS) and breast cancer-related death. The log-rank test was used to compare patients with and without CTC. For categorical variables the chi-square test was used. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare continuous variables. A P value smaller then 0.05 was used to indicate a significant difference. All tests are two-sided.
Patient characteristics
Six hundred and two patients were recruited for the study between September 2003 and January 2009. This included 404 patients with stage I to III breast cancer. Their age ranged from 29 to 90 years (mean and median of 59). Ninety-seven were found to have a benign breast tumor and were placed in a control group. One hundred and one patients were excluded; 48 with DCIS, 42 due to insufficient data, 5 with unreliable CTC measurements, 4 patients turned out to have stage IV breast cancer at inclusion, 1 patient was male, and in 1 patient there was no known primary tumor. Demographics and baseline characteristics of the included patients are shown in Table 1. A total of 84.7% of patients were ER-positive and 71.8% were PR-positive, but only 47.5% of patients received adjuvant hormonal therapy in accordance with Dutch national guidelines, which shows that our study includes a large group of patients with relative favorable characteristics. Twenty-seven of 81 Her2 positive-patients received adjuvant treatment with trastuzumab. Adjuvant treatment with trastuzumab was started at our hospital at the end of 2005.
Table 1. Patient characteristics, demographics and relation to recurrence-free survival and breast cancer-related death.
The prevalence of CTC in the patients enrolled in the study is shown in Table 2. Patients are grouped as those that met the inclusion criteria, that is stage I, II, or III disease, those with benign disease that served as the control group and the patients with DCIS that were excluded from any further analysis. In addition, the prevalence of CTC in patients with stage I, II, and III disease are provided separately.
Table 2. Prevalence of circulating tumor cells.
Association between presence of CTC, disease recurrence and survival
A total of 54 patients developed disease recurrence during follow-up. Of the 76 patients with CTC, 16 (21.1%) developed a recurrence compared to 38 of 328 (11.6%) patients without CTC (P = 0.029). The four-year RFS is shown in Figure 1A, patients without CTC had a RFS of 88.4% and for patients with CTC this was 78.9% (log-rank P = 0.038). Time to recurrence ranged from 6 to 90 months. Eleven patients had a recurrence within one year of inclusion. In accordance with Dutch National Guidelines a chest X-ray or computed tomography (CT) scan, ultrasound of the liver and bone scan were performed in patients with stage III breast cancer prior to surgery, but not in patients with stage I and II breast cancer. During follow-up, a total of 34 patients died from which 25 died of breast cancer-related causes. The nine patients that died of other causes were not included in survival analysis, so that only breast cancer-related death is analyzed. Eleven of the 25 patients (40%) who died of breast cancer-related causes had CTC (44%) in contrast to 65 of the 328 patients (20%) with no CTC (log-rank P = 0.001). BRD is shown in Figure 1B. Of the patients without CTC, 4.3% died due to breast cancer-related causes. In the group of patients with CTC this was 14.5% (log-rank P = 0.001). Time till death ranged from 6 to 89 months. All 25 patients who died were also included in the recurrence group.
Figure 1. Kaplan-Meier curves of recurrence-free survival (Panel A) and breast cancer-related death (Panel B) of 404 patients with stage I, II and III breast cancer. Patients were divided into those with 0 circulating tumor cells (CTC) detected in 30 ml of blood and those with 1 or more CTC in 30 ml of blood.
Univariate analysis for disease recurrence and survival
The significance of stage, histology, differentiation, menopausal status, age, ER, PR and Her2/neu status, adjuvant therapy and CTC for RFS and BRD is shown in Table 1. T-stage, N-stage, overall stage, differential grade, ER status, PR status, Her2neu status and CTC were significant for RFS and BRD. For CTC a cutoff value of 1 or more CTC was chosen. If similar analyses are performed with higher cutoff values than CTC is no longer significant. This is probably due to the small number of patients that had 2 or more CTC.
Multivariate analysis for disease recurrence and survival
A multivariate analysis was performed for RFS in which all univariate significant factors were included (Table 1). After stepwise exclusion of the non-significant variables the final model is shown in Table 3. This shows that T-stage and differential grade are independent prognostic factors for recurrence, but that preoperative presence of CTC is not (P = 0.155). However, if patients with local recurrence are excluded and only patients with distant recurrence are included in the analysis (n = 41), then preoperative presence of CTC is an independent prognostic factor (P = 0.015) (Table 4). For BRD the final model is shown in Table 5. This shows that CTC together with a negative progesterone receptor status and N-stage are independent predictors for death due to breast cancer-related causes.
Table 3. Final model of multivariate Cox regression analysis for prediction of recurrence-free survival among univariately significant parameters.
Table 4. Final model of multivariate Cox regression analysis for prediction of distant disease-free survival among univariately significant parameters.
Table 5. Final model of multivariate Cox regression analysis for prediction of breast cancer-related death.
Improvement of the success rate of cancer therapy requires accurate selection of patients that will benefit from certain therapies. However, despite the array of biomarkers some low-risk patients will die from distant metastasis, whereas some high-risk patients will survive for decades. Although risk profile based on biomarkers can help to improve the ability to discriminate between low- and high-risk patients, accurate detection whether or not the tumor has actually already disseminated would be preferred. Micrometastasis in the bone marrow at diagnosis is detected in approximately 30% of breast cancer patients, their presence is independent of disease stage and is associated with an increased risk for disease recurrence [18,19]. Screening for occult metastatic tumor cells in the bone marrow has, however, not been included as standard clinical routine [20]. Reasons are that it is regarded as too invasive and no validated methods are available to reliably enumerate disseminated tumor cells routinely in clinical laboratories. Detection of tumor cells in the blood is an attractive alternative as a validated method is available and the presence of CTC in breast cancer patients with metastatic disease has shown to be an independent prognostic factor for progression-free and overall survival [22,28,29]. The frequency of CTC is, however, low and only 52% of patients starting first-line chemotherapy have 5 or more CTC in 7.5 ml of blood [23]. In patients prior to pre-neoadjuvant chemotherapy and definitive surgery the frequency is even lower and 1 or more CTC were detected in 7.5 ml of blood in 23 to 24% of these patients [29,33]. In the ongoing German SUCCESS study, 21% of patients at primary diagnosis of breast cancer, 1 or more CTC were detected in 23 ml of blood [34,35]. In this study, four 7.5 ml aliquots of blood from four blood collection tubes were investigated for the presence of CTC to increase the sensitivity of CTC detection with the FDA-cleared CellSearch CTC test. The fourfold increase in blood volume was chosen as a lesser increase in blood volume was not likely to provide sufficient benefit [36]. A recent study suggest that this blood volume is still not sufficient to detect intact nucleated, EpCAM+, cytokeratin 8,18 or 19+, CD45 CTC in all patients suggesting the need for 'CTC' apheresis or in vivo detection of CTC [37]. One or more CTC in 30 ml of blood were detected in 76 of the 404 (19%) patients with stage I, II, or III breast cancer. Of the 602 patients undergoing breast surgery, 48 were diagnosed with DCIS and surprisingly the proportion of DCIS patients in which CTC were detected was the same (19%) as in stage I and II cancer. The percentage of patients with detectable CTC was lower (15%) in the 97 patients with benign disease. In the control group from the original studies in metastatic breast cancer patients, 8% of patients with benign breast tumors and 4% of healthy females had 1 or more CTC in 7.5 ml of blood [21,22]. These observations are in line with the observations in this study and raise the question why a higher CTC background is observed in patients with benign disease as compared to healthy controls. Still for the identification of patients with cancer the specificity of the CTC test at this low number needs to be improved. Some improvement can be obtained by elimination of the variation between operators in assigning the identified objects as CTC [35]. Although automation of the CTC assignment can eliminate this error, it does not imply that the correct CTC definition is used [38]. Further confirmation will be needed to confirm that the events identified as CTC at this low frequency are indeed tumor cells. Technology to detect genetic abnormalities associated with cancer in CTC detected by the CellSearch system has recently been demonstrated [39]. Even though a background was observed in the control group, the presence of CTC in 30 ml of preoperatively drawn blood of patients with non-metastatic breast cancer was associated with a higher risk of recurrence and breast cancer-related death as compared to patients without CTC. In multivariate logistic regression CTC were significant for death due to breast cancer-related causes, and for distant disease-free survival, but not for overall recurrence-free survival. It has to be said that patients with CTC had higher T- and N-stages than people without CTC and therefore a larger group of CTC-positive patients than CTC-negative patients received adjuvant systemic therapy. This will probably have lowered the number of recurrences and deaths in the CTC-positive group more than in the CTC-negative group. Furthermore, of all 54 patients with recurrence, 13 had a local recurrence. The observation that presence of CTC was only significant for patients with distant recurrences suggests that it is unlikely that systemic CTCs are detected in patients with local recurrences. Our study is slightly underpowered since we needed 500 patients for a power of 80% but, in the end, only included 404 patients with invasive breast cancer. Inclusion was stopped due to cessation of funding in 2009. In this study, disease recurrence was observed in 11.6% of patients in whom no CTC were detected in 30 ml of blood. All patients with recurrent disease must have had tumor cells in the blood at some time to seed the distant metastasis and considerable improvement of the sensitivity and specificity of CTC detection will be needed to detect CTC in all patients at risk for recurrence [37]. In patients in which CTC were detected, 21.1% developed a recurrence during the follow-up period. The median follow-up was 48 months and a longer follow-up may have increased this percentage. This, however, will not obliterate the specificity issue, as it is clear that the specificity of the CTC assay will need to be increased to assure that the detected objects are indeed cancer cells. The specificity of CTC detection was brought to light by the present study through the inclusion of patients with DCIS and benign breast disease in a completely blinded fashion in contrast to other CTC studies using the CellSearch system for the enumeration of CTC in the early disease setting in which no such controls were included [29,33-35].
Moreover, one would like to discriminate between dormant, viable and tumor cells that have metastatic potential. Larger blood volumes, alternative phenotypes, additional criteria and increase in recovery of CTC are all avenues that can be pursuit to increase the sensitivity of CTC detection.
Presence of CTC in breast cancer patients before undergoing surgery with curative intent is associated with an increased risk for breast cancer-related death and distant disease-free survival, but not for overall recurrence-free survival.
APC: allophycocyan; BRD: breast cancer-related death; CTC: circulating tumor cells; DAPI: 4',6-diaminodino-2-phenylindole; DCIS: ductal carcinoma in situ; EpCAM: epithelial cell adhesion molecules; ER: estrogen receptor; PE: phycoerythrin; PR: progesterone receptor; RFS: recurrence-free survival.
Competing interests
This work was supported by Immunicon Corporation, responsible for the development of the CellSearch system. Prof. Leon WMM Terstappen is an inventor of several patents related to the CTC technology that have been assigned to Veridex LLC, he is presently a consultant for Veridex and receives research funding from Veridex LLC. All remaining authors have declared no conflict of interest.
Authors' contributions
FB retrieved the patient data from the records, performed statistical analysis and helped to draft the manuscript. JP helped with the statistical analysis and drafting of the manuscript, AT was responsible for the CTC data collection and data analysis, IV was responsible for the patient blood collection and participated in the design of the study, MG, WM and LT participated in the design of the study and helped to draft the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Liu MC, Shields PG, Warren RD, Cohen P, Wilkinson M, Ottaviano YL, Rao SB, Eng-Wong J, Seillier-Moiseiwitsch F, Noone AM, Isaacs C: Circulating tumor cells: a useful predictor of treatment efficacy in metastatic breast cancer.
J Clin Oncol 2009, 27:5153-5159. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Pierga JY, Hajage D, Bachelot T, Delaloge S, Brain E, Campone M, Dieras V, Rolland E, Mignot L, Mathiot C, Bidard FC: High independent prognostic and predictive value of circulating tumor cells compared with serum tumor markers in a large prospective trial in first-line chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer patients.
Ann Oncol 2012, 23:618-24. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Pierga JY, Bidard FC, Mathiot C, Brain E, Delaloge S, Giachetti S, de Cremoux P, Salmon R, Vincent-Salomon A, Marty M: Circulating tumor cell detection predicts early metastatic relapse after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in large operable and locally advanced breast cancer in a phase II randomized trial.
Clin Cancer Res 2008, 14:7004-7010. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
National guidelines breast cancer (richlijn mamacarcinoom 2008) [http://www.cbo.nl] webcite
Adjuvant! Online Decision making tools for health care professionals [http://www.adjuvantonline.com] webcite
Lucci A, Hall CS, Lodhi AK, Bhattacharyya A, Anderson AE, Xiao LC, Bedrosian I, Kuerer HM, Krishnamurthy S: Circulating tumour cells in non-metastatic breast cancer: a prospective study.
Lancet Oncology 2012, 13:688-695. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Jueckstock JK, Rack BK, Zwingers T, Hepp PGM, Schneeweiss A, Beckmann MW, Lichtenegger W, Sommer HL, Pantel K, Tesch H, Forstbauer H, Lorenz R, Rezai M, Neugebauer JK, Andergassen U, Friese K, Janni W: Prognostic relevance of circulating tumor cells (CTC) before adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer: results of the German SUCCESS trial.
Rack B SC, Andergassen U, Lorenz R, Zwingers T, Schneeweiss A, Lichtenegger W, Beckmann MW, Sommer H, Pantel K, Friese K, Janni W: Prognostic relevance of circulating tumor cells in the peripheral blood of primary breast cancer patients.
Tibbe AGJ, Miller MC, Terstappen LWMM: Statistical considerations for enumeration of circulating tumor cells.
Coumans FAW LS, Uhr J, Terstappen LWMM: Challenges in the enumeration and phenotyping of CTC.
Clin Cancer Res 2012, 18:5711-5718. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Ligthart ST, Coumans FAW, Attard G, Mulick Cassidy A, de Bono JS, Terstappen LWMM: Unbiased and automated identification of a circulating tumour cell definition that associates with overall survival.
Plos One 2011, 6:e27419. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Swennenhuis JF, Tibbe AGJ, Levink R, Sipkema RCJ, Terstappen LWMM: Characterization of circulating tumor cells by Fluorescence In-Situ Hybridization.


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Hi do you know what the ez broadcast spreader setting might be for your grubz out?
We get this question quite a bit and unfortunately the "right" answer tends to either get people confused or make them irritated. Let me explain…
When applying granules over turf, the correct application will distribute a certain "pre-determined amount of product" over a "pre-determined area of turf". To get these two pre-determined values, you first need to know the "total" area you'd like to treat. For this example, we'll say 4150 sq/ft. I chose this number because it's right at 1/2 of what a 10 lb bag of MERIT GRUBZ OUT will treat. This means it would take about 5 lbs to treat this 4150 ft total we're using in our example. So now we know the total amount of product needed and the total amount of turf this product will cover. Next we need to accurately measure out 5 lbs of granules and 4150 sq/ft of yard before we begin the actual application. For the granules, this is easy to do. Since it comes packaged in a 10 lb bag, 5 lbs would be about 1/2 of the bag. Now you need to figure out how large the various "sections" are in your yard so you'll be able to monitor the application and know you're applying the right amount to the right amount of yard. For this measurement, it's best to try and measure length times width since this is easier to add up compared to circles. In most cases this can be done by dividing the yard into squares or rectangles. For example, a section that's 41 ft wide by 1000 ft long would span 4100 sq/ft (and close to the amount 5 lbs of granules will treat). Once you've got your "yard sections" identified and "marked", you may move on to the next step…
Which brings us back to your original question: "what the EZ BROADCAST setting might be for grubz out"? Well obviously it's the setting that will get the 5 lbs of granules equally distrbibuted over the 4150 sq/ft we need to treat! Now do you see how this answer might make some people either confused or irritated? Yet it's really quite accurate in that there is no magical number or setting that will get the job done correctly for every person that might attempt to do such a treatment. Clearly people walk at many different rates and they all twist the spreader handle at different speeds so how in the world does anyone get it right? Well, for starters it's not an exact science…
In reality there is no "right" or "wrong" setting. As long as you get it real close to being "equally distributed" over the targeted turf, chances are high your effort will be spot on and effective. With that being said, I always recommend people experiment with low settings at first. This way if they're applying it too slowly they can always increase the rate. But if you start with too high of a setting, you're not able to adjust once you realize your mistake. This is because you'll probably have had applied most of the granules by the time you realize your mistake. So avoid this from happening and start with a low to medium setting.
Additionally, it's best to start with a small section of turf you know size wise along with how much product will be needed to treat it. And I know, we've already decided these values would be 5 lbs and 4150 sq/ft. But what I mean here, being that this is the first time you'd be using this equipment and this product, is that it would be wise to make these amounts even smaller. Since we know 5 lbs will treat 4150 sq/ft it also means 2.5 lbs would treat about 2075 sq/ft and 1.25 lbs would cover around 1038 sq/ft. This 1038 is a good small number and one I would recommend you start with for your first application. That means you'll need just 1.25 lbs of granules.
Now position yourself in clear view of the 1038 sq/ft along with the 1.25 lbs of granules and get ready to work. Start by walking briskly and attempt to get the 1.25 lbs distributed over the 1038 sq/ft watching carefully as you proceed. In most cases you should get a "feel" for what's happening and then adjust either your speed of pace or the spreader setting to keep the goal obtainable. Since I know my yard so well, I can tell when a setting is too large or small within 15-30 seconds and I'll adjust it once I can tell. Ideally I like the spreader setting to enable me to walk at my normal pace. This way you can tend to the task in a comfortable manner. True, some people don't mind walking briskly so for them, a higher setting is most likely needed. But then someone who is moving slow could do just as well with a lower setting. The point here is you can be flexible with the setting as long as you get the right amount of product out over the right amount of turf!
So when you're walking, be sure to keep a steady crank pace along with a steady walking speed. Note when you've got about 1/2 of the granules applied and stop to check to see that you've covered about 1/2 of the 1038 sq/ft you were targeting. This might seem tedious and a pain but it's the best way to start when using a new spreader or product. The good news is once you get the right "rate" (walking and turning of the crank), it's something you'll remember and should be able to duplicate over and over. In the end you'll be able to fill the spreader without having to measure what you've poured out and get right to work without all these extra measurements. This will happen because you'll know the setting based on your normal rate/speed and your previous "applications". For me, I always just start slow and increase it as I see fit since going back over a treated area to apply more is always an option. However, as stated before, once it's out there you can't pick it back up (at least not easily!!)
Sorry for the long winded answer but I've been meaning to better explain this process so we can use this answer for future inquries. Give it a shot; I'm sure you'll figure out the right setting for your rate of walking with the spreader combined with the speed at which you like to turn the crank. And if you need any more help or guidance, give us a call on our toll free 1-800-877-7290.
Jonathan www.bugspray.com


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Genre: Rock
Canadian indie rock band based out of Ottawa, Ontario. Formed in 2009, Nickolai Dangeroso (formerly Nick Danger) is the principal song writer as well as vocalist and guitarist. The other members of the band are Terry O'Reilly on bass guitar and CHUNKK on percussion. They are one of the original artists on Ottawa based indie label, The Beautiful Music along with Skytone (band).


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I was struck by the beauty of this tree when I got up this morning and opened the blinds. Looking out the window, I saw this beautiful tree in my neighbors yard.
Beautiful Icy Encased Tree
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I had time after getting off duty this week to to make dark chocolate cheese cake with ganache and espresso sugar topping for a dessert to our dinner and almond paste filled homemade croissants for this morning's breakfast. We are off to the book store then are meeting IND blogger Scout 26 and son for Saturday pub brunch and then it's girls day out to Goose the Market. Beyond that, who knows!
Barkley is still not feeling too perky from his bout with kennel cough, hence no formal group plans this weekend, as I wanted to stick pretty close to home and vet. Peter is going to hang with him this afternoon while we do our girl's jaunt. But Barkley is off the narcotics. That made for an interesting dog. Sometimes he just sat and kinda of leaned. He would NOT get on the couch or his bed "Mom, I can't get on my dog pillow bed,. . it's too TALL, I might fall off. . burp".
And somewhere in there he got the munchies. . . .
At least I didn't catch him selling the remainder of the Turbotrol to a German Shepherd for biscuit money "No Barkley, our neighbor's a cop, he's probably undercover canine!"
But the medicine did clear up the awful wheezing/choking that kept us up all night right before Christmas and very quickly too, thanks to the vet coming in on Christmas Eve to take care of him.
Til later!


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My new car.......
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Drives: E92 320i M Sport
Join Date: Sep 2007
Location: Hampshire, UK
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2007 E92 320i M Sport
Originally Posted by
So all BMW's quality is heading south? is that so? I have found personally the quality of an E92 far higher than its highly acclaimed predecessor the E46.
Its a well built car which does its job very well. Some people have been unfortunate with their vehicles, which is sad but it does happen with many manufacturers not least BMW.
Carl, I obviously only have limited experience of BMW quality (5 cars over the last 6 years), but so do you for that matter in terms of ownership. I did also say that it is apparently heading south (ie in my experience).
My point is, we see a lot of problems on this very forum with the E9X series, and we are only a small group of owners. Are we the exceptions or the rule? My E92 has been off the road for nearly 6 weeks since I bought it brand new in August 07. Tony's (for instance) is another story altogether, and that's to name but 2. Contrast that with the numerous rattles and creaks in my car, compared with zero in my old E46 (bought at 3 years old.....) during the 2 years I owned that. And it was never recovered by BMW assist either, unlike my E92.
I am well aware that all cars will do this to some extent, my problem is that I increasingly wonder why I paid for a £28.5K car that does what you obviously expect a £15K Renault to do. And have you tried one? It's like the Ford Focus thing, don't knock it until you have is my view.
Now I know you love your car and it's been trouble free so good on ya. I love BMs too but my (and others') experience is really testing my loyalty to the brand, and I may well have issues spending the same or more again on a BM come change time in 18 months. I never say never, though, it will be interesting to see how things go.
Oli - how's the Clio doing then?
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Fifty Shades of Grey doesn't hit theaters until Feb. 13, 2015, but filming has already commenced in Vancouver, Canada. Jamie Dornan and Dakota Johnson—who play Christian Grey and Anastasia Steele, respectively—were snapped on set for the first time on Dec. 1, 2013. The actors got into character at a café in the city's GasTown District.
It looks like the scene they shot shows Christian asking Ana out for coffee to find out if she's single.
Directed by Sam Taylor-Johnson, Fifty Shades of Grey is being adapted from the first novel in author E.L. James popular book trilogy. The movie also stars Luke Grimes, Victor Rasuk, Eloise Mumford, Jennifer Ehle and Max Martini.
NEWS: He speaks! Charlie Hunnam breaks his silence after quitting Fifty Shades of Grey
This marks the first time that Dornan, 31, and Johnson, 24, have been photographed together since they covered the Nov. 22 issue of Entertainment Weekly. "Obviously, I want to look good naked," Johnson said of prepping for the racy role. "I totally understand now why people exercise, because it kind of f--king feels awesome."
VIDEO: What does Melanie Griffith think of her daughter starring in Fifty Shades?
Dornan—a former model whose due to become a father any day—is also paying close attention to how his body looks on the big screen. "I've never felt that Christian needs to be some kind of monster, but I think it's very clear how he conditions himself and looks after himself," the Northern Irishman told the magazine. "I take decent enough care of myself anyway, so obviously I'm gonna up it slightly with training, but we don't have any intention to really bulk up. I don't think it's appropriate."


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Feel free to contact me about any questions you may have or if you want to obtain my services. Email is the fastest way of getting to me, so use the form provided on the left and I will get back to you ASAP.
Copyright © 2008 Matt Webb (RIP + 75 years)


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Porto Alegre Boutique Hostel
The breakfast room, always filled with local produce, is transformed into a pleasant bar-bistro and cafe during the afternoon and evening, an ideal place for exchanging experiences with other guests and people from the city. The place is always filled with music and video-clips from regional, national and international artists. The closest hostel from the Airport and bus station. We offer the best type of accommodation, with linen, towels, pillows, with the same quality of a Hotel. Individual lights for reading, rooms for couples. The Hostel offers private apartments (Suites), and collective apartments, male and female ward with bathrooms in the same floor. An excellent breakfast served everyday. Moreover, the Hostel also has air-conditioned rooms, living room, leisure room, flower garden, laundry, and a fully-equipped kitchen available for the guests. Among its many facilities, the Hostel offers guided tour of the neighborhood in the morning, and in the afternoon around the city center of Porto Alegre. Such tours are always done in the company of a guide registered. If you have to cancel your booking, you must do it at least 48hrs before arrival. Check in: 14:00 Check out: 11:00 |
Availability & Rates
To view availability and prices please select dates and click 'Update Dates'Hostel Facilities & Policies
- 24 hour reception
- Adaptors
- Air Conditioning
- Bar
- Bicycle parking
- Book exchange
- Breakfast Included
- Café
- Child Friendly
- Credit Cards Accepted
- Fax Service
- Free Internet Access
- Free Wifi
- Hot Showers
- House Keeping
- Internet Access
- Kitchen
- Linen Included
- Lockers
- Luggage Storage
- Non Smoking
- Taxes included
- Tours/Travel Desk
- Towels For Hire
Cancellation Policy
This property has a 2 day cancellation policy. Failure to cancel within this time will result in a cancellation charge equal to the first night of your stay.Must-Read Hostel Info
This property has specific Terms & Conditions.Front desk open 24 hours.
Payment at check inn.
We accept Visa and Master.
Rooms with sheets and towels.
Breakfast included.
If you have to cancel your booking, you must do it at least 48hrs before arrival.
Check in: 14:00
Check out: 11:00
DirectionsShow MapHide Map
10 km from the airport and 1 km from the main bus station.
From the airpot take bus 'T5' and get off at Cristovao Colombo with Gaspar Martins street, walk 1 block to the hostel. By taxi is about R$ 15,00
From bus station is 15 min walk or about R$ 8,00 by taxi
Located Near
The Hostel is located in the Floresta district (545, So Carlos Road, corner with Gaspar Martins), one of the oldest and most traditional districts of Porto Alegre, the so called Historic Centre, close to Shopping Total.
Among its many facilities, the Hostel offers guided tour of the neighbourhood in the morning, and in the afternoon around the city centre of Porto Alegre.
Such tours are always done in the company of a guide registered in the Ministry of Tourism.


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It's unclear whether Dean Karnazes is after some uncharted mark. There is no listing for "longest nonstop run" in the Guinness Book of World Records. Another thing: It's a record difficult to define. "Who's to say what constitutes nonstop?" muses Don Allison, publisher of Ultrarunning Magazine. "What about peeing? What about changing shoes? It's just too amorphous to get a handle on." For his purposes, Karnazes is defining nonstop as not stopping to sleep. Still, Allison admits, "If he does it, it will be a hell of a thing. He's definitely pushing the limits of what's possible."
What enables Karnazes to run so far-farther than even his ultra compadres? Tim Twietmeyer, five-time winner of the Western States 100, who once ran that course with Karnazes in the dead of winter, says for part of the answer you just have to look at the guy. "His build really helps him. When you're out there for 40 hours, you need that musculature to counteract the stress."
To say the least, Karnazes is quite possibly the ultimate ultrarunning specimen, the flesh-and-blood embodiment of what you would envision if you were constructing the perfect long-distance running machine. He's compact-five feet, nine inches tall, 156 pounds-and yet almost statuesque. He suffers none of the withered framework common to many ultrarunners. His calf muscles are bulbous knots; his shoulders broad and ropy; his abdominals worthy of a Tony Little infomercial. His body is the product of more than just mega-running miles. In the ultrarunning world, Karnazes's 70 to 110 weekly miles aren't that unusual (although twice a month he'll leave his wife and kids in the middle of the night for a 75-mile training run to Napa). He is, though, a committed cross-trainer, mixing in swimming, biking, and windsurfing to his regimen. Windsurfing, for instance, "is like doing lat pulls. And while developed lats may reduce speed," he says, "they help with endurance."
Jeff Shapiro, M.D., may know more about the man's makeup than anyone beside Karnazes. An anesthesiologist who specializes in critical care medicine, Shapiro also directs the Calistoga relay and has known Karnazes since 1995 when he green-lighted Karnazes's first bid to try the race solo. Over the years, the two have performed a number of tests in an effort to determine how to keep Karnazes's body and mind operational countless miles after other humans experience exhaustion.
In 1999, for instance, Shapiro and Karnazes conducted an experiment involving intravenous rehydrating. The concept is familiar to anyone who's ever been revived by water and salt flowing directly into a vein: Because the fluid bypasses the gastrointestinal tract, which is marginalized during exercise due to the shunting of blood to the muscles, recovery comes much quicker. On a summer afternoon, with temperatures hitting the mid-90s, Karnazes was to run 20 miles without food or water from any source. "The idea was to stress him maximally, then see how well he could recover with an IV," explains Shapiro, who designed a hand-pump IV bag that could be self-administered. They had no idea just how successful they'd be: At one point in the run, Karnazes took a wrong turn and became hopelessly lost. By the time Shapiro found him, he'd been running for six hours-approximately 35 miles-without sustenance. "He looked worse than I've ever seen him," says Shapiro, who's observed Karnazes at the end of seven solo 199-mile Calistoga relays.
The 300 Mile Man
Dean Karnazes wants to run farther than any ultrarunner ever has But can his body (to say nothing of his mind) get him there
Image by
September 18, 2006


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Internet of Things (IoT) and storage requirements
On the news tonight I learned that the Indian spacecraft "Mangalyaan" built at a cost of $73.5M had reached Mars orbit after a 11 month trek, making India the first nation to succeed in its maiden attempt to send a spacecraft to Mars. Granted spacecraft and Mars Rovers aren't connected to the internet so can't be categorized under the Internet of Things (IoT) today but who knows what can come to pass years from now…
The analyst firm Gartner claims that 26 billion IoT-ready products will be in service by the year 2020. Sensors are everywhere (dare I say "ubiquitous"?) – from the helmets worn by football players to aircraft engines, from smart-watches to internet tablets, from luxury BMWs to microwave ovens, from smart thermostats made by "Nest", from 9 million smart meters deployed by PG&E right here in California. Companies like Fedex would like to embed sensors on all your packages so you can track their route to a destination from the comfort of your home office. Appliance vendors like Samsung, LG, Bosch, Siemens are embedding sensors in your consumer appliances – LG and Bosch would like to take photos of your fast emptying refrigerator and send an email with a shopping list to your smartphone. Granted this brings us to the realm of "nagging by appliance" .. So it is going to be a cacophony of sensor data which thankfully we humans can't hear but we will need to analyze, understand and act on.
Sensors by themselves aren't very useful. When was the last time you took notice of an auto-alarm blaring away on a busy street? Sensors need actuators (devices which can convert the electrical signal from a sensor into a physical action) Sensors may provide real time status updates in the form of data but there needs to be tools in place to analyze the data and make business decisions. Examples of vendors who build such tools:
- Keen IO – offers an API for custom analytics – what this means for you and me is that if a business isn't happy with analytics using existing tools nor wants to built an entire analytics stack on their own, Keen IO meets them half way and allows your business to collect/analyze/visualize events from any device connected to the internet.
- ThingWorx (acq by PTC whose head coined the term "product as a service"). He has a point here. In the past we signed up with cellular providers for 2 years of cellphone coverage – now vendors like Karma are offering a better model where you pay-as-you-go for Wifi – effectively relegating 2 year cell phone contracts to a thing of the past.
- Axeda (acq by PTC) – whose cloud makes sense of machine generated messages from millions of machines owned by over 150 customers.
- Arrayent whose Connect Platform is behind the toy company's Mattel's IoT Toy network enabling 8 year old girls to chat with other 8 year olds over the Mattel IM-Me messaging system
- SmartThings (acq by Samsung) who offer an open platform to connect smart home devices
- Neul (acq by Huawei) specialized in using thin slices of the spectrum to enable mobile operators to manage the IoT and profit from it.
- Ayla Networks – hosts wifi based weather sensors for a Chinese company.
On the networked storage side, each storage vendor has a different view: DataGravity recommends a selective approach to deciding which pieces of sensor data (from potentially exabytes of unstructured data) to store. EMC recommends customers buy EMC Elastic Cloud Storage appliances and store all sensor data on it (discarding nothing), Nexenta claims that "software-defined-storage" is the savior of the IoT, SwiftStack claims that cloud-based IoT using OpenStack Swift is the way to go.
I think it is naïve to assume that all IoT data will need to be preserved or archived for years to come. Data from sensors in aircraft engines may need to be preserved on low cost disk storage in the event of future lawsuits resulting from air crashes but there is little value in preserving a utility's smart meter data for 7 years for regulatory reasons if the data can be analyzed in real time to understand consumer usage patterns, enable tiered pricing and the like. By the same reasoning does any vendor really need to preserve sensor data from my $100 home microwave unit for years to come? However I see cloud providers focusing on IoT to need SSD as well as HDD based networked storage.
How about you? What is your view wrt networked storage and IoT? What unique capabilities do you feel need to be delivered to enable IoT in the cloud? Any and all civil feedback is welcome.
Linux containers, Docker, Flocker vs. server virtualization
In the past if your goal was to isolate applications (from a memory, disk I/O, network I/O resource and security perspective) on a physical server you had one choice – run your application over a guest OS over a hypervisor. Each VM had a unique guest OS on top of which you had binaries/libraries and on top of these your applications. The flip side of this solution is that if you ran 50 applications on a physical server you needed 50 VMs over the hypervisor with 50 instances of guest OS. Fortunately for developers, Linux containers had a recent resurgence and offer you another alternative. If you are an application developer and want to package your source code in Linux containers with the goal of being able to run it on any bare metal server or on any cloud provider, Docker (a startup with less than 50 employees) offers you a way to make a Linux container easy to create and manage.
Benefits of Docker container technology:
- No need for many different guest operating systems on the same server. Instead you run a Docker engine over a Linux kernel (v3.8 or higher) on a 64-bit server and run your apps on binaries/libraries running over the Docker engine. This allows you to do away with the relatively expensive VMware licensing per server.
- Lower performance penalty than with traditional hypervisors (Red Hat KVM, Citrix Xen or VMware ESXi).
This is ideally suited for apps that are stateless and do not write data to a file system. At a high level, Docker containers make it easy to package and deploy applications over Linux. Think of a container as a virtual sandbox which relies on the Linux OS on the host server without the need for a guest OS. When an application moves from a container in host A to a container in host B the only requirement is that both hosts must have the same version of the Linux kernel.
You may ask, how do containers differ from virtual machines? Containers and virtual machines (VM) both isolate workloads on a shared host. Some would argue that containers don't provide the levels of security one could have with using a VM. VMs also allow you to run a Windows app on a Linux kernel something which is not possible with Docker containers. Container technology is actively used by Google so much so that Google released Kubernetes into the open source community to help manage containers.
Rather than follow the model of the taxi industry which bitterly attacked ride sharing startup Uber, VMware is taking the high ground and embracing Linux containers and its proponent Docker – perhaps recalling Nietzsche's words "That which does not kill us makes us stronger."
You may wonder – why aren't enterprises embracing containers and Docker? One issue with Linux containers is that if your application in the container needs access to data, the database hosting that data has to be housed elsewhere. This means the enterprise has to manage two silos – the container itself and the database for the container. This problem could be solved by giving every application running in a container its very own data volume where the database could be housed. ClusterHQ, an innovative startup offers "Flocker" – a free and open source volume and container manager for Docker which aims to make data volumes in Direct Attached Storage (DAS) portable. ClusterHQ's future roadmap includes continuous replication, container migration and Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS) like services – which sound eerily similar to the capabilities offered by VMware vMotion or DRS – causing VMware to put the brakes on an all-out embrace of the Docker ecosystem. Perhaps VMware strategists recalled Billy Livesay's song "Love can go only so far"
Another startup Altiscale is looking into the problem of how to run Hadoop applications within Docker containers. In view of all this we can be sure of one thing, Linux containers and Docker are here to stay and its just a question of when (not if) enteprises begin adopting this new way of achieving multi-tenancy on a physical server.
Network as a Service (NaaS) in the cloud
First there was IT as a service (IaaS), then Software as a Service (SaaS), then Platform as a Service (PaaS) and now Network as a Service (NaaS)? A startup called CloudFlare is offering a next-gen Content Delivery Network (CDN) which accelerates 235,000 websites but more specifically offers networking-as-a-service in the cloud using open source networking hardware and software from startup Pluribus Networks which replaced existing Juniper EX-series switches. Pluribus offers its own network switch running a distributed network hypervisor on its own hardware (featuring Intel Xeon processors and Broadcom switch chips) or on a Supermicro MicroBlade platform. Pluribus aims for the Top of Rack (ToR) use-case where many servers need to be networked together in a corporate datacenter. However with Facebook open-sourcing "Wedge" (Linux based software stack in a ToR switch comprising 16 x 40GbE ports, merchant 40 Gb switching ASIC in a 1U rack space – and with no proprietary software) there is bound to be a move towards white-box switches from large datacenters like that of Facebook or Google down to smaller corporate datacenters. The fact that Cisco and Juniper vehemently claim that Wedge is no threat to them reminds me of the quote from Shakespeare's Hamlet: "The lady doth protest too much, methinks".
It is difficult to pigeonhole CloudFlare into any one bucket – as they offer a next gen CDN, handle 5% of the internet's traffic using equipment located in 25 data centers worldwide, offer routing, switching, load balancing, firewall services, DDOS mitigation, performance acceleration – all as a cloud service. Just as Amazon Web Services (AWS) made compute services in the cloud a concept we accept unquestioningly today, I think the time is right for Network as a Service. Customers of CloudFlare include Reddit (which is sometimes described as a market-place of ideas impervious to marketers), eHarmony, Franklin Mint and the site metallica.com.
Why do I think startups like CloudFlare will make a lasting impression on the internet? For one it fascinated me to learn that CloudFlare got its datacenter in Seoul up and running without a single employee setting foot in Seoul. A 6 page how-to-guide walked the equipment suppliers into what they needed to do to get the datacenter up and running to support the CDN and security services that CloudFlare offers its customer. This gives new meaning to the term "remote controlled datacenter". The future is all about plug-and-play, low-touch and remote control. The old world of buying high end hardware routers & switches, deploying them in a corporate data center, worrying about heat, floor-space and cooling will all seem archaic some years from now. CloudFlare will be one of the many innovators in this emerging area of Network as a Service and enterprise IT budgets will reap the resulting gains.
How secure is your Cisco SDN?
The architecture of the ancient Rajput fortress of Jaisalmer in Rajasthan (India) might provide a suitable analogy to describe the need for multiple rings of security. Architected with 3 walls, one of stone and two more within, it ensured that there was no single point where security could be breached. If the external wall was breached by the enemy, they would potentially be stopped at the second wall. If the second wall was breached, the enemy got trapped between the 2nd and 3rd walls where the Rajput defenders would pour cauldrons of boiling oil on the trapped attackers. Similarly in network security there is no such thing as the ultimate perimeter based firewall or the ultimate malware detection tool. You need all of the above and still face the risk that some APT or malware will penetrate all your defenses.
Imagine this scenario: You are a service provider with a large data center; you have invested over the years in big iron routers and switches from Cisco and Juniper. You see the dawn of a new era where you can reduce the provisioning time for circuits and the cycle time for rollout of new services. After making sense of the confusing SDN messaging from major switch & router vendors you finally decide to use open source OpenStack for orchestration, Cisco APIC software to assign policy to flows and manage the Cisco ACI fabric comprising high end Cisco Nexus 9000 switches. Now what security issues do you face?
For one, the SDN stack itself is susceptible to Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks. An attacker could potentially saturate the control plane with useless traffic to a point where the centralized SDN controller's voice never gets heard by the data plane. In theory, Cisco could use open source "Snort" (derived from SourceFire) to detect an attack and communicate this to the SDN controller which could reprogram the network to block the attack. However Snort while being a good open source IPS/IDS (with a rule based language combining signature, protocol and anomaly based inspection), is still reliant on regular signature updates. Snort has no way to detect web exploits like malicious Javascript. Snort may not help you with attacks like Advanced Persistent Threats (APT). In addition to this, OpenStack itself has a range of security related vulnerabilities as listed here.
Cisco made ~23 security related acquisitions before acquiring SourceFire, Cognitive Security and others. To date, vendors like Palo Alto Networks (mfr. of application aware firewalls), FireEye (mfr. of virtual machine based security), Mandiant (provider of incident response) and others have already carved out extensive security market-share at Cisco's expense. Time will tell if Cisco can actually integrate all the useful but disparate security related acquisitions to provide meaningful security for your SDN or whether they will leave the field open for the next generation of security upstarts. Phil Porras of SRI International mentions interesting security related use-cases for SDN like reflector nets, quarantine systems, emergency broadcasts & tarpits where SDN can be used to go beyond just blocking network attacks. It will be interesting to see if Cisco and Juniper can come up with imaginative solutions like these to adopters of their proprietary SDN solutions.
PaaS – RedHat OpenShift or Pivotal One?
If you want to write applications but your IT staff isn't equipped to handle maintenance of the underlying stack comprising Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP, Python or Perl then Platform as a Service (PaaS) may be right for you. For instance, you may be tasked by your employer with developing web applications involving ecommerce shopping carts and you may choose to use a tool like Ruby on Rails, in such cases you're likely to gravitate to PaaS platforms like that of Heroku (now owned by salesforce.com)
If you are an application developer who prefers to develop applications in Node.js, Ruby, Python, PHP, Perl or Java but don't want to manage the LAMP stack on your own, you might consider RedHat OpenShift Online PaaS. OpenShift PaaS is built on OpenShift Origin (which is open source), Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) and JBoss using the KVM hypervisor all hosted in Amazon Web Services (AWS). Unlike hardware-only bundles like the VCE Vblock™ or the Netapp FlexPod which combine compute, storage and networking into one product SKU, the PaaS service RedHat OpenShift Online adds the OS and middleware to the afore mentioned combination of compute, storage and networking. However instead of selling you a hardware/software product to install/use at your site, OpenShift Online offers it all as a cloud service or PaaS. If you like the PaaS concept but prefer to run it within your own datacenter RedHat offers you OpenShift Enterprise which is software designed for on-premise use.
Another option Pivotal One appears to enable development of web applications on scale but using a big data back-end. Pivotal One uses the Spring framework and Cloud Foundry (an open source PaaS) as building blocks. It offers many services including a Hadoop (HD) service, an analytics service and a MySQL service. If you want to develop Hadoop applications but don't want to deal with issues like deployment, security and networking then a managed service like HD Service might be right for you. In addition you get the option to use familiar SQL queries to analyze petabytes size data sets stored in the HDFS layer of Hadoop. Potentially, a big manufacturer like General Electric may decide that it wants a cloud based big data analytics platform to ingest data from sensors in millions of GE consumer devices (say microwave ovens, refrigerators, washing machines) deployed world-wide. The idea being to ingest then analyze this sensor data (big data) in the cloud to give consumers advance warning of potential failures (microwave leaks?) or even entice consumers with an upgrade offer for the latest GE model. Not so far-fetched considering that GE is an investor in Pivotal
What about the downside to PivotalOne? In my mind it would be potential for vendor lock-in. After all Pivotal is a spin-off of VMware and VMware's parent EMC has had a death grip on proprietary storage over the years despite grudgingly paying lip service to new concepts like software defined storage (SDS) via projects like ViPR. Are RedHat and Pivotal the only PaaS options out there? Definitely not, other vendors like InfoChimps, Apprenda, CloudBees are also worth evaluating. So what do you think? Is PaaS in your cards?
OpenFlow for SDN – still relevant in 2014?
When I read the prediction "OpenFlow is dead by 2014" it got me thinking… What is it about OpenFlow that inflated expectations and drove things to a fever pitch only to end up in a "trough of disappointment" (to borrow overused analyst terminology) in 2014? If Software Defined Networking (SDN) is a way to program network operations to serve a business need and involves separating the data plane in the hardware switches from a centralized control plane residing outside the switch, then OpenFlow is a forwarding protocol for SDN. Once the control plane decides how to forward packets, OpenFlow enables the programing of switches to actually make this happen. Use-cases for OpenFlow are compelling:
- Google talked about how they improved WAN utilization from 30-40% which was the norm across the industry to a staggering ~100% using OpenFlow and home-grown switches. These switches were build by Google using merchant silicon and open source routing stacks for BGP and IS-IS
- IPv6 address tracking could be handled by an OpenFlow v1.2 controller and OpenFlow 1.2 enabled switches
- Data centers can reduce CAPEX by not buying hardware based network taps and instead using OpenFlow to program the functional equivalent of a network tap on a OpenFlow enabled layer 2 switch
- OpenFlow controllers and OpenFlow enabled switches can help data-centers migrate from old firewalls to new ones in a seamless manner.
So what changed to bring on the naysayers? All of the above still holds true. While HP, Dell, Brocade, Arista Networks, Fujitsu, NEC, Big Switch Networks and others embraced OpenFlow, holdouts like Cisco & Juniper supported it grudgingly if at all. Seeing switch upstart Arista Networks eroding Cisco revenue from Top of Rack (ToR) switches, Cisco released the Nexus 3100 as one of its few switches to support OpenFlow 1.0 and even VMware NSX. Juniper de-emphasized work on the OpenDayLight project and OpenFlow and decided to reinvent SDN by acquiring Contrail leading to disastrous results. Despite all this, those who believe in OpenFlow and are against vendor lock-in march on: OpenFlow is being evaluated by CenturyLink (3rd largest telecom provider in the USA) and by Verizon, deployed by providers like Sakura Internet, Rackspace, NTT Communications. SDN start-up Pica8 is promoting OpenFlow and switch programmability by offering white box switches, an open-source routing stack, the Ryu OpenFlow controller and an Open vSwitch (OVS) implementation. Pica8 has won prominent customers like NTT and Baidu with this approach. Storage start-up Coho Data offers a storage solution that converges networking and storage using OpenFlow & SDN. If OpenFlow were a sentient being and could speak it would paraphrase Mark Twain and proclaim: "The reports of my death have been greatly exaggerated!"
Network overlay SDN solution used by PEER1
As I enjoy my employer mandated shut-down and gaze sleepily at the phone on my desk, my mind begins to wander… Today we use services from companies like Vonage and make international calls over high speed IP networks. Vonage in turn operates a global network using the services of cloud hosting companies like PEER1 Hosting. PEER1 claims to have 20,000 servers worldwide, own 13,000 miles of fiber optic cable, 21 Points of Presence (POP) in 2 continents, 16 data centers in 13 cities around the world. Like any large hosting provider they use networking gear from vendors like Juniper and Cisco. Their primary data-center in the UK is said to deploy Juniper gear: EX-series Ethernet switches with virtual chassis technology, MX-series 3D edge routers, and SRX series services gateways. However when they wanted to offer customers an automated way to spin up firewalls, site-to-site VPNs and load balancers in a matter of minutes they ended up using technology from Embrane a 40-person start-up in the crowded area of SDN start-ups.
Why did they not use SDN solutions from Juniper their vendor of choice for routers and switches? Juniper initially partnered with VMware to support NSX for SDN overlays and Juniper was a platinum member of the OpenDaylight project. Then Juniper did an about-turn and acquired Contrail a technology that competes with VMware. Juniper claimed that despite not supporting OpenFlow, the Contrail SDN controller will offer greater visibility into layer 2 switches due to the bridging of BGP and MPLS. Unlike the Cisco SDN solution which prefers Cisco hardware, Juniper claimed that Contrail would work with non-Juniper gear like that from Cisco. To generate interest from the open source community in Contrail, Juniper open sourced OpenContrail – though most of the contributors to OpenContrail on GitHub are from Juniper.
It is interesting to note that customers like Peer1 may rely on Juniper or Cisco for their hardware but when it comes to finding an automated way to deploy networking services as an overlay they go with start-ups like Embrane. Embrane has an interesting concept: Their technology allows a hosting provider to overlay firewalls and load balancers using vLinks which are point-to-point layer3 overlays capable of running over any vendor hardware (not just Cisco or Juniper). Many such vLinks are part of a single administrative domain called vTopology. Embrane allows you to make a single API call to bring up or bring down an entire vTopology. An example of how this makes life easier for a hosting provider: When an application is decommissioned all associated firewall rules are also decommissioned unlike other methods where you end up with firewall rules living past their time.
I will watch with interest to see if companies like Embrane and PlumGrid end up turning the SDN world on its head and pumping some adrenalin into the dull world created by hardware vendor monopolies and their interpretation of SDN.


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Author:Georg Eberhard Rumphius
From Wikisource
←Author Index: Ru | Georg Eberhard Rumphius (1627–1702) |
German-born botanist active in Indonesia |
- D'Amboinsche rariteitkamer (1705)
- Translated into English as Beekman, E. M. (1999) The Ambonese curiosity cabinet.
- Herbarium Amboinense (1741, 12 volumes)
Works by this author published before January 1, 1923 are in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago. Translations or editions published later may be copyrighted. Posthumous works may be copyrighted based on how long they have been published in certain countries and areas.


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CRAIC Technologies General Terms and Conditions
CRAIC Technologies Service Contract Terms and Conditions
The lit microscope base and the lit octagonal optical head are trademarks of CRAIC Technologies, Inc. CRAIC Technologies, 20/30™, 20/30 PV™ and "Perfect Vision for Science" are all trademarks of CRAIC Technologies, Inc. Instrument features offered depend upon instrument configuration. Features listed here may not be present in some configurations.
*Features and specifications depend upon instrument configuration. Specifications subject to change without notice.


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I'm going to be installing a new phone outlet in a bedroom. I'm going to tap into an existing phone outlet in another bedroom (the two rooms share a wall) and attach the new wire to the wire in the existing outlet. I know if this was electrical, I'd shut the power off to that outlet, but since it's a phone outlet, do I need to take any similar precautions? I don't want to hurt myself or my phone line. Thanks.
- Forum >
- Electrical & Lighting >
- Extending existing phone line to new room
Extending existing phone line to new room
No, you will be ok. However, if you happen to get a call at the exact instant you're connecting the bare wire's to each other you may feel a little tingle but that's it. You will be ok.
It'll be safe. Bell only pumps 48 volts DC with a few milliamps. You can touch it, rollit in your hands etc. It's about as lethal as a 9 volt battery.
Also becuase it's low voltage you don't need to put it in a gang box. Just attaching it to the wall with drywall screws will do.
Just make sure you connect the right colors and leave at least a foot of slack and you'll be fine.


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a .45 to the knee cap works much better than karate for me.
a .45 to the knee cap works much better than karate for me.
Like I said, I'll analyze the situation and be prepared for the aftermath (good or bad). And who would be stupid enough to charge someone with a loaded gun (empty-handed)? If I was charged by 2 girls in that situation and I knew they didn't have a weapon I'll gladly taken them down without deadly force. I'm 6' 3"+ and 230+ pounds. I can easily take down most men without a sweat. I'm sure as heck not worried about some 14 and 18 year old GIRLS charging me.
I'm not some stupid little kid who thinks a gun's a "toy". I didn't say I was going to brandish a gun to "intimate" someone. Reread what I said. I said that is what I would do. You're entitled to do whatever you want.
Here is another link claiming she/he is a transgender and it may be a hate crime.
EarthLink - U.S. NewsQuote:
ROSEDALE, Md. (AP) A transgender woman whose brutal attack at a McDonald's restaurant in Maryland was captured on video that later went viral said Saturday she was the victim of a hate crime.
Twenty-two-year-old Chrissy Lee Polis told The Baltimore Sun that since the attack last Monday, "I'm just afraid to go outside now because of stuff like this."
The video posted online shows a woman being attacked and apparently having a seizure. Baltimore County police say a 14-year-old girl has been charged as a juvenile and an 18-year-old woman faces an assault charge in the case.
Polis told the newspaper that after she used the restroom, "They said, 'That's a dude, that's a dude and she's in the female bathroom.'"
nah, make it a 4oz supersize, fill the place up, after all the employees deserve some of the drift also for there lack of action.
now I'll bet that if you gave one of these girls a good whack on the elbow with a sap it would take the fight right out of them and they would be crying like a baby for mama.
Seeing someone walking up to a woman loading groceries into an SUV at my local Stop & Shop with her kids with her and trying to take one of the kids or smashing her about the head with a brick/random heavy object.
Something simple like that. I have a relatively good idea of what she's doing at the moment, and i have a relatively good idea of what the guy attacking her would be doing.
A fight between people in a fast food place over something I'm not informed of?
I'll call 911 for you.
Thanks Mitchell, appreciate the reply.
I got smoking mad when I saw this video.
I care less that the victim is transgendered, gay, straight, purple, black, white, etc.
She is non-thug.
I notice the semi-manless MCD manager, through his physical presence, stops/slows the attack a few times.
I have never hit a woman in my life.
I agree with a heavy B****Slap, grab hair/body and throw them back/to the ground, OC, taser, if you carry those, as the primary go-to tactics.
Perps were totally unaware during the beatdown. There are quite a few very heavy handed options
In the video, there were no boyfriend thugs there to escalate/defend the perps in the moment.
Putting the transgendered woman/man in the corner, getting in front of her physically stops the attack and defends victim. Call 911, leave line open and talk when I can.
The perp girls step in again, same thing....slap, etc. If I go in hard the first time, it likely stops there...intending a Big Fat OODA loop reset.
The video shows transgendered on ground, multiple attackers, unable to defend herself, undergoing beatdown. In Texas, the law clearly allows the use of force in this case to defend a third party and -Potentially- lethal force.
As far as the use of lethal force to neutralize the perps, I must reasonably believe, right or wrong, that transgendered life was in immediate danger in that beatdown to shoot girl perps into the ground to neutralize them as a threat. It was an immediate need in the moment and I was reasonable to believe so.
I think this one is a real grey area for me to justify and legally too grey for me.
Here is my issue: On the video, the perps stop when the lame-a** manager comes over seemingly half heartedly and gets in the way. He does nothing beyond words and just getting in the way. I think a jury sees that and says that that level or somewhat higher (slap, palm to the face, throw down...ie aggressive but non lethal.....) was just fine to defend and all that was necessary and when I went to gun and shot into the ground - an excessive use of force.
Now, headstomping, face/head/neck kicking: Extremely dangerous and very high risk of immediate lethal/grave harm. They do this from the beginning.
Its not until the very end that some kick by the one of the girl perps before walking out the door -in what appears to be to the head- causes the seizures. (yes the other hits to the head were cumulative)
At that seizure stage or unconscious stage - whenever it occurs - and if the attack continued, I greenlight myself for the ability to use lethal force along with the other options. That is my "go" trigger. This thread helped me figure that out.
I can legally (and morally for the aftermath) justify the immediate use of lethal force to defend an unconscious/seizing victim that continues to get a beat down - be it one or multiple attackers.
I would call 911, if they turned on me for calling 911 and attempted to assault me, or the "cameraman" attempted to assault me, oh well.
You can use less than lethal force and still put a hurting on someone.
A lot can be done with pressure point control tactics.
I agree with those who say they would not intervene in a fight, in most cases, I would not either. A fight is mutual combat. This was not mutual combat, it was an continuing ADW/GBI on a person either unwilling or unable to defend them self. I see a significant difference between the two. Kind of reminds me of the thread "Do You Have To Fight", only without a ccw.
One could say that if they are not willing to defend them self, why should I? There are many reasons that may be, and while they may be important to others, to me they are not, not in the face of a savage attack.
This incident, IMO, is somewhat unique in that it is a high level attack that could most likely be stopped with a low level intervention.
TVJ Post #82 = Outstanding rationale. :hand56:
YouTube - McDonalds Beating Victim Speaks Out (Chrissy Lee Polis)
Here is the interview of the victim, Chrissy Lee Polis, a transgender individual. According to Chrissy, the attack was sparked when one of the assailants boyfriend made a flirtatious comment towards her, and after that it was a swarm attack. I was not there to see exactly what happened to start the event but I would intervene if I saw multiple people stomping a lone victim.
The McDonalds employee that filmed the incident has been fired.
I don't want to hijack the thread, but I do remember a similar incident on the news when I was younger. Three white males beating a lone hispanic male. The police pull up, and the hispanic male uses the opportunity to try to take off. The police, needing to question all participants pursue him until they can interview him. He is somewhat rude with the police officer, refusing to give his name as he sat on the curb, bleeding from his face. When other cops gather around, he ends up lashing out at the police, fighting them as they try to handcuff him. As it turns out, he had followed one of the assailant's girlfriend into their apartment complex, offering her a ride. She refused multiple times, and when he tried to forcefully put her into his car, her screams brought her boyfriend and his two friends running.
You honestly believe you can take on 3 attackers by yourself, and that you can defend the victim at the same time? There's a good chance one or two occupy you while the others continue the beating. There's also a good chance that should you intervene, one or more of the male bystanders attacks you. They won't help the (white) girl, but they might help the (black) girls (attackers). In hindsight, I'd say that's highly likely considering the cameraman warned the attackers to leave. He's clearly on their side.
And how about those of us who aren't 6'3/230 like Nine O Four? Should we sit around and hope the victim doesn't get killed or paralyzed by one of the several kicks to her head?
You shoot them. Nobody attacks somebody armed with a gun without deadly intent.
Wrong argument. You didn't get the weapon out because you felt your life was in danger, you got it out because you felt the victim's life was in danger. I don't know about Maryland, but in sane states like Arizona or Texas that's a good enough reason for a threat of deadly force.
The other argument is that anybody who thinks 2 girls can't seriously hurt or kill you is a fool. You also can't be certain they won't escalate their attack on the victim (or you) by retrieving weapons from their purses.
Escalating how? Do you know how long the beating is going to continue? Can you be certain they're going to stop before killing or maiming the victim?
IMHO you're going to be facing an uphill battle. You involved yourself in a situation and introduced a deadly weapon and then shot the girls because you now feared they might take your gun. Had you not introduced your gun that would never of been a possibility.
That's the laws in most places. But really, watching the first part of the video are you really in fear of the victims life? You better be able to articulate your fear to a jury and convince them. I've seen schoolyard brawls that are much more violent. Sure those girls are animals but IMHO it hadn't progressed to needing deadly force.Quote:
Wrong argument. You didn't get the weapon out because you felt your life was in danger, you got it out because you felt the victim's life was in danger. I don't know about Maryland, but in sane states like Arizona or Texas that's a good enough reason for a threat of deadly force.
I never said that, anyone can be capable, but you can't act on what they might or might not have in their purses. You need to react to what you see in front of you at the time.Quote:
The other argument is that anybody who thinks 2 girls can't seriously hurt or kill you is a fool. You also can't be certain they won't escalate their attack on the victim (or you) by retrieving weapons from their purses.
You escalated it because you brought the gun into the picture. Again, up until the end, are you are you really afraid for the victims life?Quote:
Escalating how? Do you know how long the beating is going to continue? Can you be certain they're going to stop before killing or maiming the victim?
That's just my take on the situation. If, and that's a BIG if, I were to interviene it would be to separate the girls and just break up the fight. Based on the actions of one employee and the old woman it would not of been hard to do. Personally, I think pulling a gun for what I saw would be the wrong answer.
I have to disagree with virtually everything in your post.
There were two, maybe three attackers, all female.
The attackers were brawlers, not fighters.
The attackers backed off to some extent with the verbal intervention of the one employee. Whether that was due to racial lines is difficult to say. They also backed off to some degree with the intervention of the elder lady.
Taking on the attackers, will at the same time defend the victim. The intervention must quickly reach the level that the attackers, no longer wish to participate. That could be accomplished without the introduction of lethal force.
There is the possibility of intervention by other hostile males, you deal with that when/if it comes. IMO, cameraman is all mouth and would have no interest in physical intervention.
I'm 5'8/155, an old man and I have no doubt that I could have stopped it.


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See definition in
Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary
Line breaks:
bar|racksPronunciation: /ˈbarəks/
(also barrack)
[ often treated as singular]
Definition of barracks in English:
plural noun
A large building or group of buildings used to house soldiers: the troops were ordered back to barracks
More example sentences
- They all made their way up to the castle while the king instructed soldiers to the military barracks.
- One leaked battle plan shows they will lay on anti-Bush rallies using serving soldiers outside military barracks.
- This included the construction, maintenance and repair of military roads, barracks and cantonments.
Words that rhyme with barracks
Lennox • TrossachsDefinition of barracks in:
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