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Kwamina Akwa Architecture Tyler
Mentor Sneha Patel Architecture
Project Title and Abstract African Architecture: a critical examination of the conceptual ideas and structure of the African city.
Often times, African cities have wrongfully been represented within the western media as poorly disorganized slums and lacking all the tenets of a progressive and developed society. The notion that modernity is largely absent in African cities demands careful and intellectual investigations to ascertain what modernity really is within an African context. What this research project will seek to do is to revise some of these wrongful notions and present African cities as diverse and dynamic modern places. The project will discuss what modernity means in an African society and how it is translated into the built environment. African cities are not stagnant places frozen in time. They are constantly evolving, undeniably affected by globalization and embracing change simultaneously. These African cities will be examined to assess the conceptual ideas that shaped them with an emphasis on historical context. Typical of any architectural undertaking, the socio-cultural, economic, political and conventional ideas that influenced the establishment of these cities will be examined. Aware of the existence of numerous cities within the African continent, the approach will be to examine a city each from North, South, East and the West of Africa exploring the various issues expressed above. In the end, it is hoped and believed that this project will provide a new and objective lens through which African Cities can be viewed and appreciated. Lauren Averbuch Biology CST
Mentor Ossie Geifman-Holtzmen OB-GYN
Project Title and Abstract Gestational Pre-Hypertension as an Indicator of Pregnancy Complications
Hypertension disease (Preeclampsia and Eclampsia) is a well-known pregnancy complication later in the pregnancy and is associated with maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. Prehypertension defined in non-pregnant adults as borderline hypertension and appears before the occurrence of disease. The Joint National Committee on High Blood Pressure (JNC7) determined it to be blood pressure of 120-139/80-89 in adults that requires health promoting life style modifications to prevent cardiovascular disease. I develop with my mentor the hypothesis that Prehypertension also exist during pregnancy and is associated with increased risk of pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia and preterm delivery. In the study, retrospectively and prospectively data collection will be collected of patients who are cared for and are delivered at Temple University Hospital. Patients who are currently receiving prenatal care at Temple University Obstetric Clinic will also be recruited for the study. In order to further develop the notion of Prehypertension in pregnant women, blood pressures from all three trimesters will be monitored according to the JNC7 set range. Outcomes of pregnancies of women with blood pressure in or above this range will be compared with those in a control group. Upon completion of the study, conclusions will be drawn regarding a correlation between Gestational Prehypertension, and pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia and preterm deliveries. Marianne Ball Marketing and Accounting Fox
Mentor Michael Smith Marketing
Project Title and Abstract Social Advertising: The Effect of Group Television Viewing on Advertising
The proposed topic of study is on the impact of advertising in the context of group viewing of television shows, whether proximally or virtually through electronic means (such as message boards and chat rooms). The purpose of this study is to discover whether people pay more attention to a specific type of advertisement (i.e. product placement or commercials) based on the type of show they are watching (i.e. a sports show, a drama series, etc) across social settings. To address this research issue I propose to conduct a thorough analysis of secondary data, followed by surveys of people who watch television shows as a group, and observations of communication through the internet in such locations as chat rooms and message boards. Most specifically, the study will seek to discover whether people discuss the advertisements amongst themselves and, in the case of the surveys, how many and what types of advertisements they can recall. Today, numerous companies and advertising firms are attempting to find the best way to communicate their message to consumers, as well as what types of television programming they should use to show their ads. This study will attempt to determine the most effective method of advertising for shows that are watched as part of a social setting. Bryce Bayer English CLA
Mentor Pattie McCarthy English
Project Title and Abstract Elegiac Poetry Then and Now: An Academic and Creative Exploration of How We Grieve
The project I propose is a reading and writing intensive poetic exploration of the elegy. The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines an elegy as a song, a poem, or speech expressing grief for one who is dead also: a reflective poem usually melancholy in tone. Using this type of fundamental definition as a foundation and reference point for my research, I will explore the elegy in the tradition of classical literature as it compares to elegiac works in contemporary poetry. This project is unique in that it will involve both extensive research as well as a highly focused creative pursuit. With the help of my mentor, I will develop a reading list of both classical and contemporary works which will allow a varied and extensive examination of the elegy as it developed through time. My efforts will culminate in an academic paper as well as a final creative product. The creative aspect of my project will involve writing and arranging my own collection of poetry with the central focus of the relationship between the individual and the deceased. I find my inspiration for this endeavor in the significant impact that death has had on my life and an inherent desire to creatively explore grief. My dedication to this topic derives from my love for the study of literature and of how genres of literature have developed and changed over time. In combining both my academic and creative strengths, I am sure that this project will be both an artistic and scholarly success. Stephanie Bilinsky English/Women's Studies CLA
Mentor Laura Levitt Jewish Studies/Women's Studies
Project Title and Abstract Gender Issues and Ethical Challenges in Roman Catholicism
This project will focus on gender issues in the Roman Catholic Church with particular attention to women's ordination. As one of the fastest growing religions in the world, Roman Catholicism holds influence across the globe. Because it is a religion with a strictly patriarchal structure, the church and its ideology conflict with more mainstream secular views about gender and sexuality. I will explore the church's stance on gender roles and other ethical challenges in relation to the women's ordination movement. I will draw on various fields of study to develop my thesis, including theology, feminist theory, and history. Arguments surrounding women's ordination often address the erasure of women from church history. By researching church history, I will illustrate a tradition of women ministering, beginning as early as Mary of Bethany. The current priesthood is declining rapidly. In my paper, I will incorporate a discussion of Richard Schoenner and Lawrence Young's 1993 report about the state of the priesthood and reasons for its decline. Issues of gender and sexuality that cause men to leave the clergy may be a deterrent for women as well, but I will question whether ordaining women might help salvage the waning numbers of priests. With such questions in mind, I intend to take a Third-Wave approach to my project. According to Marian Ronan, Religious Studies in Catholicism often lacks this sensitivity. It is important to consider since the church is growing most rapidly in Latin American and African countries. I will pay attention to the intersectionality of race, class, and gender while making my inquiries. Jonathan Bojan Music Therapy Boyer
Mentor Cynthia Folio Music Studies
Project Title and Abstract Revisiting Pythagoras' Monochord
While modern musical tuning emphasizes a linear calculation of musical intervals (Equal temperament), the early music theorist Pythagoras used a rational calculation of musical intervals (Just Intonation). In this research project, the following phenomenon will be studied: a sustained pure tone in the musical hearing range combined with a similar pure tone that increases in frequency at a slow rate. This experimental setup will allow all possible musical intervals to be analyzed both through Equal temperament and Just intonation perspectives. Three methods of analysis will be used: 1. A MIDI sequencer coupled with a spectrum analyzer; 2. A pair of acoustic monochords (strings divided by a movable bridge) and a human subject taking notes; 3. Computer-generated graphs of the acoustic phenomenon described, and a written proof of the existence of the theoretical Resonance Function represented by the experiment itself. Discussion will focus on these questions: 1. How do the notes taken by the human subject relate to the mathematical models of the experiment, and what does that tell us about the psychoacoustic properties of musical intervals? 2. Does the Resonance Function provide a link between the Equal-temperament and Just intonation analysis of musical intervals, and how can studying the qualities of this function improve the ear training of musicians. Tara Chowdhury Biology, Visual Anthropology CLA/CST
Mentor Michael Hesson Anthropology
Project Title and Abstract Effects Of Colonialism On Sexuality In India
Ancient Indian compositions of the 6th century B.C.E. celebrated sexuality by depicting explicit images of deities carrying out sexual activities. These practices stood as symbols for the union between the mortal and the divine, and acted as a vehicle for union with the devout. When British colonialism began, female sexuality in India appeared barbaric. Alfred Maskell shares his opinion of Indian art in his book Ivories when he writes "We are met at every turn by the interminable processions of monstrous gods and goddesses, these Buddhas and Krishnas, Vishnus and Ramas, these hideous deities with animals' heads and innumerable arms, these dancing women with expressionless faces and strange garments. The East Indian Company Charter Act of 1813 brought Victorian England's church to India and its regulations like ruling out homosexual behavior, and placement of limits on sexual positions in order to maintain male dominance. Colonial England's opinion of eroticism inverted a sexual civilization into a highly conservative one. The purpose of this research project is to present pre-colonial sexual norms through visual evidence in Hindu art, and research how British colonialism stigmatized ancient Indian sexuality through analysis of ancient Indian archives. After obtaining an IRB, observation and research will be conducted in Dhrangadhra, Gujarat through the month of June before traveling to Pune in July to finish observing sculptures of ancient Indian deities. Digital photography and film will be used to capture modern and ancient Hindu Temples in order to compare pre and post colonial Hindu deities, shedding light on Colonial Indian history and its acculturation. Nicholas Daly Film and Media Arts (Media Culture) SCT
Mentor Paul Swann Film and Media Arts
Project Title and Abstract Modernity and Agency: An Analysis of Communications Within the Small-Scale Coffee Growing Communities of 'La Junta Nacional del Café' in Peru
My project is in the most general sense a cultural analysis of the impact of the global on the local. The global flow of ideas, money, technology, ethnicity and media now shape not only the economics and politics of nation-states but also local cultures, social practices and identities everywhere. Anthropology has responded to this notion of locality and modernism, and current ethnographic research now increasingly incorporates a much broader array of disciplines, including my focus on media and communications for development and social change. I wish to synthesize my education and interests by applying the neo-Marxist media cultural theories of The Frankfurt School, the revolutionary anthropological work of Arjun Appadurai and my Spanish language and cultural knowledge to analyze how communications are used within the communities of local coffee growers in Peru that operate under the organization La Junta Nacional del Caf (JNC). Junta Nacional, like many other organizations in Latin America, seeks to encourage progress in the coffee-growing sector by facilitating the relationships between grower cooperatives and the niche markets that keep them afloat in the sea of global competition. This type of institution is a response to globalization and I wish to study how these forces have effected the use of communications as a means to bring about such economic, social and cultural development. Catherine DeBrosse Biophysics CST
Mentor Matt Mackie Physics
Project Title and Abstract Rate Limit for Molecule Production in Combined Photoassociation and Feshbach Resonances
We theoretically examine a Bose-Einstein condensate of atoms tuned nearby both a photoassociation and Feshbach resonance, focusing on the rate limit for converting atoms into molecules. While theory and experiments so far show a molecule formation rate that saturates to a constant, these results are not definitive. The purpose of this project is to numerically determine whether the molecule formation rate saturates or maximizes, and to produce a more precise limiting value. Stephen DiDato Secondary Ed - English Education
Mentor Jayminn Sanford-DeShields CITE
Project Title and Abstract Brotherly Love: Policy and Reform in Philadelphia's Public Educational System
Why are there constant disparities between the achievements of students in suburban/rural communities to those students in urban areas? This project aims at answering this question. Through the careful study of both the educational policy in Philadelphia and at a statewide level, extensive studies of the curriculum and surrounding community of Temple University's four partnerships schools and feeder high schools, and in-depth interviews with the students attending these schools, a multi-faceted approach to this question of inequality is presented. By approaching this issue from many different angles, we are able to chip away at the mystery of educational disparity to something that can be easily understood and interpreted by public officials as well as those living in these improvised communities. The hope of this project is to unite all of those who are affected by disparities in achievement in Philadelphia's urban communities, and to provide thoughtful and accurate commentary on the state of the schools including what we all may do to lessen the achievement gap. Anamaya Farthing-Kohl Undeclared Tyler
Mentor Jennie Shanker Sculpture
Project Title and Abstract Casting Entropy
I am interested in trying to track the invisible movement of water through space and time through creating a series of casts using water as my medium. My understanding that water is the most vital thing for life on earth, and that fresh water sources are diminishing has really grabbed my attention. I would like to address water, and, through exploration, find different ways to cast with water. I want to know water as it evaporates, rushes off a waterfall, boils, freezes, and runs into oceans and track its movement. Since I can't put a GPS gadget on a molecule of water, I have used ink and other dyes have to track the polarity of water and its wandering lines. I propose to use the worlds most natural form of casting using water to cast with and an object as a mold. In a sense, I would like to track the invisible. Nora Fellag Sociology CLA
Mentor Raymond Halnon Sociology
Project Title and Abstract Algerians/North Africans in France in comparison to Mexicans/Latino Americans in the U.S.
The project I will conduct will be an in-depth analysis of the social situation of Algerians and other North Africans living in France compared to that of Mexican and other Latino Americans living in the U.S. The investigation will involve research on each side, including both North African and Latino American minorities and will focus on comparing immigrants/minorities of Algerian and Mexican decent, because both nationalities make up the majority in their own minority groups (the majority of North Africans in France are Algerian, and the majority of Hispanics living in the U.S. are Mexican). Major areas of study will include socioeconomic factors, issues of crime and ethnic violence, class struggles within these minority groups, the creation of sub-cultures among these groups, etc. By utilizing these two situations as comparative models, I hope to identify patterns of immigration within the sociological spectrum. Research will be conducted by using materials such as newspaper articles, journals, and statistics but much of the project will consist of interviews, both group and individual. The significance of this project is to build knowledge in an area of personal interest, to gain hands-on experience of the field in which I am pursuing, and to build my credentials for the various Graduate schools I will be applying to after acquiring my Bachelors Degree at Temple University. Grant Folin Horticulture & Landscape Arch Ambler
Mentor Michael Olszewski Landscape Arch & Horticulture
Project Title and Abstract The Effects of Seed Treatment on Germination Rates of Restoration Seed Mixes
My proposed experiment will answer the question, does treating seed mixes used for landscape restoration by scarification, moist chilling or acid treatment improve the germination speed and rate of the seed mixes? I propose to test three mixes containing varying ratios of grasses, leguminous plants and family Asteraceae plant species. Each seed mix will be treated with the stated three methods. Additionally, each combination will be subjected to three differing watering regimens. In short, the study will consist of a 3 seed mix x 3 seed treatment x 3 watering regime experiment with control groups of 3 untreated seed mixes subjected to the 3 differing watering schedules. This experiment will be carried out in the horticulture laboratory and the greenhouse. Ultimately, the goal of the experiment is to determine the combination with the highest germination rate at the earliest possible time. The results from the indoor experiment will provide a good indication of which combination of treatment, seed mix and water will function best under conditions in the field. The reason I have chosen to study the effects of different seed treatments on the germination rate of seed mixes used for the restoration process is that the rate of germination is critical to the long term establishment of the stand of native plants which are going to feed and shelter wildlife, prevent erosion and overcome the dominance of invasive species. If the seed mix doesn't germinate evenly, with sufficient density to cover the area being restored, then there is an increased probability that the invasive species previously removed will easily re-establish itself and, perhaps, again become dominant. Melanie Foxx
Mentor Melissa Napolitano
Project Title and Abstract The Influence of Eating-Disorder Websites on Adolescent Female Eating Behavior and Body Image Perception
The main purpose of the proposed research is to investigate and gain empirical knowledge about the exposure and influence of pro-eating disorder websites on adolescent female eating behavior and their influence in adverse body image perception. Questions to address in research include: are these pro eating disorder websites a contagion to our youth and a contributor in the rise of eating disorders? Are they a contributor to adverse body image perception? Participants will be asked to come in for the research and must be 18 years or older and female. The participants are given the pre survey which will have three sections: a first section that is a mood inquiry which would include questions about body image where the participants can indicate what their image of beauty is and how they perceive their own bodies. The second section includes questions where the participant can identify eating behavior and also identify to the study if any disordered eating pathology is already in use (or if they have considered practicing disordered eating behavior). The third section asks questions about online usage frequency and material (how often they use the internet, do they use blogs etc). They would be asked to view some pro- eating disorder websites for a duration of time (undefined as of now) and after the participants are given a post survey with the first section a mood inquiry including the same questions about body image and beauty ideals of the pre survey. In the second section there will be questions regarding if the participant now considers changing their eating pathology and the third section about if they would visit these websites for information in the future for body image references. After the research is concluded participants are all given information about the detriments of eating disorders via NEDA (The National Eating Disorders Association), the AED (Academy for Eating Disorders) or ANAD (The National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders) discourse. Steven Frable Economics CLA
Mentor Andrew Buck Economics
Project Title and Abstract Economic effects on the efficiencies of liquor markets
Given the rising amounts of alcohol consumption amongst teens and adults and the rising incidence of privatization of states and its effect on the marketing and distribution of the alcohol industry, my study will focus on the current state liquor control models and determine their effects on the aggregate and state demand of liquor markets. I will plan on implementing a theoretical econometric demand model, which I will use certain characteristics from models published in previous studies, including but not limited to the use of price data, other cross-section/time series data, effects of taxation, effects of arbitrage from state to state, and any other variables that may contribute to the accuracy and significance of my soon to be proposed model. My own addition to this model will be using dummy variables to determine different effects that certain varying state liquor laws have on individual state demand curves and then aggregate it either as the total U.S. demand for liquor or regionally from state-to-state to see if the overall effect of government intervention on alcohol consumption (not including already studied implementations of intervention) is significant.
Timothy Jennings Mechanical Engineering Engineering
Mentor Hutapea Parsaoran Mechanical Engineering
Project Title and Abstract The Effects of Shock and Vibration on a PEM Fuel Cell Stack
The purpose of the research is to determine the effects of shock and vibration on a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack. More specifically, the focus of this analysis will be on the interface between the membrane and PEM stack plates. Currently, PEM fuel cell stacks have an estimated life expectancy of 2000 hours, but increasing this requires more information on the sources of failure. A vibration shaker will be used along with an accelerometer, stress gage, high speed camera for measuring deformations and a data acquisition system. The goal of this project is to create a model for the degeneration of the fuel cell stack, effectively allowing others to predict the behavior of a similar unit as well as providing failure data to make overall system improvements. The significance of this data is that it will allow changes to be made to the existing system for an increased life expectancy of future PEM fuel cell stacks, as well as increased consistency over the life of the unit. Jonathan Kaufman Latin American Studies CLA
Mentor Eugene Martin BTMM
Project Title and Abstract Life Without a Book
Life Without a Book will be a documentary film telling the story of Rick Pepper Holmes, an accomplished funk drummer who has played, performed, and recorded with some of the biggest names in the industry. He has traveled all over the world to perform in front of packed audiences in all kinds of venues. Pepper is illiterate, however, and for him the every-day-tasks that we do not even think about constantly exist as hurdles. His illiteracy does not stop him he drives and navigates, uses ATMs, works on cars, and leads a successful, productive life. Not being able to read forces Pepper to continually ask friends and strangers for help, which makes him humble and enables his outgoing personality to shine. The film's message is meant to be inspirational and symbolic of the struggle that so many people experience daily, yet rise above through perseverance. In a society where the odds are doubly stacked against Pepper being a black male and illiterate his story will no doubt inspire others. There will be a strong emphasis on the power that music has played in his life not just measured through his professional successes, but through the discipline that demanded focus, thereby keeping him out of trouble. One of the messages will be that a disability or other marginalizing circumstance that might be a barrier can often be overcome through a passionate creative outlet such as music. Like Pepper, I, too, have relied on music to move beyond life's impediments. While highlighting the role of music in Peppers ability to overcome his handicaps, the film also will document elements of the educational system that failed him and continue to allow young people to be launched into an adult world ill-prepared for what lies ahead. The documentary, therefore, is not just about Pepper, but also about anyone in a similar situation. Christopher Lee Political Science/GUS CLA
Mentor Benjamin Kohl GUS
Project Title and Abstract Segregation and Assimilation: The Immigrant Experience in Contemporary Sweden
Beginning in the late 1940s, Sweden received its first major wave of immigration with the recruitment of workers from Southern Europe and the Balkans, who were vital to the success of the Swedish economy in the post-war boom. This wave of immigration ended in the 1970s as Sweden tightened restrictions on work-force migration due to an economic downturn. Yet, Swedish immigration policy allowed political asylum for refugees fleeing war torn areas. Through the coming decades tens of thousands of immigrants per year poured in from a multitude of nations Iraq, Chile, Somalia, Bosnia eventually raising the immigrant population to roughly 1 million, 11% of Sweden's population. Yet unlike previous waves of immigrants, this group, known as the miljonsvenskar (million Swedes), have had difficulty integrating into Swedish society. The majority of these immigrants reside in government housing on the edge of Swedish cities, with up to 60% unemployed and dependent on government welfare in some neighborhoods, which have also shown an increase in crime and a growth of the influence of radical Islam. The Swedish state has been unable to adequately address these issues, even as it provides generous cradle to grave welfare benefits and quality state-sponsored education to these immigrant communities. In order to understand the processes related to immigrant assimilation, I believe it is vital to speak to both immigrants and native Swedes, to discern what may be preventing these members of these immigrant communities from succeeding despite similar opportunities to their native Swedish counterparts and those of immigrants prior to 1970. To achieve this, I intend to survey and interview groups of 18-25 year old young adults from ethnic Swedish neighborhoods in the urban core of Stockholm and segregated immigrant suburbs. I will use my working knowledge of the Swedish language and established local contacts to facilitate this goal. In addition, I intend to use existing research and texts, as well as Geographic Information Systems (GIS), to frame these interviews spatially and contextually by providing both demographic and historic backgrounds of the neighborhoods that I cover. If I am awarded a fellowship, I will complete IRB training and have my research protocol approved before beginning research. I believe that this study will offer insights into issues facing immigrant communities across the first world and a better understanding of the role a highly supportive government plays in solving these issues. Joshua Loftus Economics CLA
Mentor J. Tucker Taylor Economics
Project Title and Abstract The Value of a President to Young Americans
Project Focus: The focus of this project is to collect and analyze data on voting patterns of college students and try to determine why certain people choose to vote or abstain from doing so. Hypothesis: College-aged students have lower voter turnout than other demographics because they perceive the difference between alternative presidents to have very little effect on their lives. Research Methods: The research for this project will not only include historical demographic voting data, but will also include a survey that will help group voters based on known voting patterns and help determine the value they place on alternative presidents. If the initial research indicates that the given hypothesis is not accurate, the results will be analyzed and a new, more focused hypothesis and corresponding survey will be administered. Empirical Model: Using the research collected, it will be possible to run a regression analysis and control for a variety of independent variables. Robert McClung Music Ed Boyer
Mentor Stephen Willier Music History
Project Title and Abstract A History of the Philadelphia Metropolitan Opera House
The objective of this project will be to document the history of the Philadelphia Metropolitan Opera House. The building, which now sits in disuse on Broad and Poplar Streets, once enjoyed affiliations with such organizations as the New York Metropolitan Opera Touring Company and the Philadelphia Orchestra. It has been mentioned in certain publications, such as Quaintance Eaton's book about the Metropolitan Opera touring company, Opera Caravan, yet no complete or detailed history of the opera house exists. My goal will be to research the building's construction, the musical activity that took place under its roof, and the reasons for its demise. I will also collect information on the people involved in its history: those who built it, and those who performed on its stage. The final products will be a piece of writing on the history of the opera house, as well as articles suitable for publication in periodicals.
Information, mainly primary source material, on the opera house can be found in places such as The Free Library of Philadelphia, Paley Library at Temple University, newspaper archives, such as The New York Times, and the Metropolitan Opera Archives. I plan on spending the allotted weeks in the summer dividing my time between New York and Philadelphia conducting research, and then writing the paper during the Fall 2008 semester. Megha Patel Chemistry CST
Mentor Raghbir Athwal Fels Institute
Project Title and Abstract Promoter Region Analysis of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type K
I propose to do research this summer on a protein phosphatase (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type K abbreviated PTPRK), to gain a better understanding of the enzyme's role in cells. PTPRK is of interest in studies because it is suspected to playa role in cell division. If the phosphatase down regulates other cell division factors, then cells should stop dividing. To see this effect, the gene was added to cancer cells, and the cells were able to reach senescence. The results from the previous experiments were interesting because essentially cancer cells were turned into normal cells. The experiment also revealed that there might be a defect in PTPRK expression in cancer cells. I will be conducting research to further investigate PTPRK.
This summer, I will be taking on two separate projects. Previously, I worked on finding a way to express PTPRK in brain tumor cells. I used two different types of viral vectors for the investigation. I first tried to use a retroviral vector to induce expression, but it did not yield results. I starting working with an adenoviral vector, and this summer I will continue to refine the procedure for the task so information on the gene expression can be gathered.
In addition to expressing PTPRK in cells, I will also examine the structure of the promoter region of PTPRK to see if there are differences between the sequence of the promoter in cancer cells and normal cells. From previous experiments in the lab, it was discovered that certain promoter factors playa role in regulating the gene. If there are mutations in region, the transcription of the gene might be altered to the extent that the expression of the phosphatase is absent. This experiment would give insight on the gene's expression in cancer cells. Reese Revak Music Composition Boyer
Mentor Richard Brodhead Music Studies
Project Title and Abstract Christmas Cantata for Choir and Small Orchestra
I propose to write a cantata in eight movements for choir, soprano soloist, and small orchestra that documents the birth of Christ as told by St. Luke. It would be performed in December by the Temple University concert choir with other members of the college of music playing in the orchestra.
The eight movements that I plan to write include an instrumental overture at the beginning and an instrumental interlude roughly halfway through. Two arias for the soprano soloist will also appear, accompanied by various members of the orchestra. The rest of the movements will be pieces for the full choir with accompaniment by the orchestra. The orchestration that I plan to use includes two flutes, two oboes, two clarinets, two bassoons, four French horns, percussion, organ, harp, and a full string section. I do not see the inclusion of the organ being problematic as the concert choir has performed off campus with organ before.
Kevin Ricker Finance Fox
Project Title and Abstract Comparative Costing Analysis of the Existing U.S. Healthcare System and Alternatives
The proposal for this research paper is to compare the various systems of universal health care and to find the most efficient way of distributing healthcare in the United States. For the purposes of this paper, "efficient" shall be understood to mean coverage for the greatest amount of people at the lowest per capita cost. The systems that will be compared include the completely private healthcare system, the semi-private system, and the "universal" single-payer system. The costs of these systems will be considered in the attempt to find which allows for the most efficient system for healthcare distribution. Although impossible to quantify, a discussion of the relative benefits of the alternate systems will also be included. Additionally, for comparative purposes, the healthcare systems of other industrialized nations will be compared to the current healthcare system in the United States as well as the proposed alternate systems. The data that will be collected will include, current spending per capita in the United States, current healthcare spending per capita in selected industrialized nations, and estimates of costs of alternative healthcare proposals. Furthermore, the project will attempt to take into account not only explicit costs, but also externalities such as external costs to the current system. For example, an external cost for the current U.S. healthcare system may be the added stress to members of society who do not have healthcare coverage. Thus, the paper will summarize available cost comparisons while including the most recent healthcare proposals and attempt to determine a course of action for U.S. policy makers which would result in the greatest amount of healthcare coverage at the lowest per capita cost. McKayla Saine Anthropology Human Biology Track CLA
Mentor Vanessa Yingling Kinesiology
Project Title and Abstract Suppressed Estradiol levels and the Effects on Cortical Bone Structure in Adolescent Female Rats
Osteopenia, osteoperosis, and other effects of decreased bone strength, including stress fractures, have been observed in young women who suffer from secondary amenorrhea. Multiple factors are associated with secondary amenorrhea, such as increased bone resorption and suppressed bone formation due to decreased estrogen. Previous studies in the Skeletal Adaptation and Development Laboratory have shown that decreased estradiol levels result in decreased cortical strength of long bones. Estradiol levels were decreased by suppressing the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in adolescent female rats through injections of gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-a). The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of decreased estradiol levels on bone structure. Cross sections of bones from the female rats mentioned above, 100um in depth, will be used to evaluate bone structure, using the Bioquant Digitizing System attached to an epiflourescence microscope. Structural data is important to develop a comprehensive understanding of both the short and long term effects of amenorrhea on bones of young athletic women. Once there is a clear understanding of the impact on bone structure, we can then begin to explore whether this is a result of increased or decreased bone cell activity. This study has been approved by the IACUC at Temple University. Rene Santin Civil Engineering Engineering
Mentor Adrienne Cooper Civil Engineering
Project Title and Abstract Application of Nanotechnology to combat flooding and organic pollutants by using self cleaning pervious concrete
Rainstorms create two environmental challenges in cities. Runoff often leads to flooding as the sewers of Philadelphia are currently very near capacity. In addition when it does rain, there are organic pollutants that are washed off from paved surfaces that eventually contaminate rivers. This project aims to deal with both problems by affixing a coating of TiO2 a photocatalytic species that creates hydroxyl radicals that react with organic pollutants, such as oils or various chemicals from cars and deactivate them. Three concrete sealers, Tri-Siloxane (water-based) Tri-Siloxane (solvent-based) and Tri-Silane (solvent-based), will be used, to fix a standard amount of nano-sized TiO2. After the fixation, we will conduct tests using Hydroxyl scavengers to measure the efficacy of the TiO2 in creating Hydroxyl radicals. It is these radicals that are responsible for deactivating the organic pollutants. A more holistic test will also be conducted in order to determine the correlation between amount of hydroxyl radicals and water quality. This research aims to alleviate both flooding and pollution originating from sidewalks, parking-lots and other paved surfaces. Such pollution is especially prevalent in large cities like Philadelphia, whose sewer systems are near capacity. Amanda Thomas Psychology CLA
Mentor Peter J Marshall Psychology
Project Title and Abstract Perception and Action in Infancy and Early Childhood
In these studies we focus on evaluating and developing tasks and measures that are designed to obtain the development of the mirror neuron system (MNS). The MNS is presumably a partial basis for the common coding of perceived and executed actions, making it very significant. The following studies are currently taking place Electrophysiological Responses to Action Observation in Infants and Adults, Infants Developing Body Knowledge, Measures of Motor Contagion in Preschool-Aged Children, Mu Rhythm Dynamics and Imitative Learning in Adults, and The Role of the Mirror Neuron System in Infant Imitation. I will be working most closely with the Measures of Motor Contagion in Preschool-Aged Children. This study uses four year olds as participants and it attempts to assess the overlap between perception and action in these children. One of the main tasks of the study is to see how preschool-aged children's execution of specific actions can be interfered with, by simultaneously showing them incongruent movements. The preschool participants are told to move a pen, on a graphics tablet, either vertically or horizontally. While the subjects are moving the pen, a video is played on the tablet with an image of an adult moving their hand in either the same or opposite direction as the child's pen movements. From this we want to explore whether the nature of the background stimulus interferes with the child's movement on the task, whether individual variation in susceptibility to this type of motor contagion relates to performance on other inhibitory control tasks as well as Theory of Mind tasks. Through this research we would also like to find out if these motor interference effects are only specific to observing human motion as opposed to other types of biological and non-biological motion. Teresa Trego Horticulture Ambler
Mentor Michael Olszewski Horticulture
Project Title and Abstract A Comparative Study on the Effects of Natural Fertilizers on the Growth of Native Plant Species
The focus of this project is to demonstrate the benefits of non-synthetic organic fertilizers on the growth and development of selected native plant species grown with the addition of compost compared to growth without the addition of compost. The application of two OMRI (Organic Materials Review Institute)listed fertilizer products fish emulsion and worm castings will be separately applied to equal amounts of three native plant species Echinacea purpurea, Asclepias syniaca, and Asclepias tuberosa and compared to a control group. This procedure will be replicated three times for each application and control group. The group of trials will then be doubled, half being grown with the addition of compost to the soil and the others receiving none. The significant of this experiment is to provide data on the use of non-synthetic forms of soil amendments to enhance the productivity of growth in native plant species. Although an increasing interest in the use of non-synthetic fertilizers and native plants is bombarding the field of horticultural little research has been done on the benefits of using these types of fertilizers on native plant species. This experiment will provide the opportunity to shed some light on this field of study and perhaps open the door to more research pertaining to the use of non-synthetic organic fertilizers and their benefits to native plant species. Thomas Viola Film/English SCT
Mentor Stan McDonald English
Project Title and Abstract An Historical Comparison of Translation with some Original Tranlsations Complied with Original Works
If I am awarded the ship, I plan to translate selected epigrams of the Ancient Greek poet Callimachus. As mentor for this project, I have chosen Stan McDonald, a Lecturer in the English Department, who studied translation at Brown University with Keith and Rosmarie Waldrop, two well-respected translators of poetry. Due to the necessity of the research I will be doing, this project will demand critical and creative energies. The time granted by the scholarship will allow me to research past and current theories of translation, such as metaphrase versus paraphrase, fidelity versus adaptation, and dynamic versus formal equivalence. The critics I will consult include Cicero, Samuel Johnson, and Roman Jakobson. For the sake of comparison, I will analyze previous translations of Callimachus done by Catullus and previous translations of Catullus done by Bernadette Mayer. Ultimately, the various theories and earlier versions will inform my own translation of Callimachus' epigrams.
Once I have completed the translations I intend to assemble a poetry collection that combines some of my own poems with that of Callimachus. I have chosen Callimachus' epigrams because their condensed style and lyrical subject matter coincide and enrich my own poetry. Within the context of20th/21 st poetry, a book of original work and translation is an established practice, perhaps done most successfully by Kent Johnson and Bernadette Mayer. Lastly, I will write a critical paper that assesses the history of translation theories, and I will discuss the reasons why I chose my particular approach.
Zachary Wilson Music Ed Boyer
Mentor Alison Reynolds Music Ed
Project Title and Abstract Using Vincent Persichetti's Wind Ensemble Literature in the High School Band Room
I propose to study a well-known Philadelphia composer, Vincent Persichetti. First, I will analyze 3 of Persichetti's most played wind literature pieces, (Divertimento, Op. 42, Psalm for Band, Op. 53, and Pageant for Band, Op. 59) for ways in which its content can satisfy a high school band director: How does his music fit the director's plan? To answer this question I will review research and conduct interviews with high school music teachers who use Persichetti's music. Second, I will investigate Persichetti's role as an educator: How did he use his own music to educate students? I will interview former students of Persichetti still living in the Philadelphia area including Temple University's own Professor Jan Krzywicki, as well as composers and conductors who knew him and teach his music.(1) Third, I will propose effective ways to teach these 3 works: What preparation is necessary for these scores? I will prepare lessons and ask for feedback from the high school band directors. As a soon-to-be first year band director, this research will jumpstart my lesson planning preparation. The goal of this research project is to help teachers maximize the educational potential of Persichetti's music. How music teachers plan lessons and structure rehearsals is at the forefront of the success of any music program; sequential instruction is critical. I will seek to understand the typical objectives of a high school band teacher (which include aural skills, executive ability, notation and symbol reading, expression, and theory/historical context) in relation to the analysis so that I can share what I learn with other band directors. As a soon-to-be new teacher, I are preparing for success in my first, and often most difficult years of teaching.
1) High school bands often play Persichetti's music, and I would like to learn whether he composed with pedagogical reasons in mind.


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Role Models
by Dave KochThis page has been viewed 18 times this month, and 327 times total.
- Static Shock! Cartoon Episode Guide
- Traditional Animation
- Warner Bros. Television Animation.
- Animation Studio: Wang Film Productions
- Cartoon Characters: Virgil Hawkins/Static, Richie Foley, Robert Hawkins, Sharon Hawkins, Frieda Goren, Edwin Alva, F-Stop, Hotstreak, Daisy, Replikon, Omar Harmozi.
- Voice Actors: Phil LaMarr, Jason Marsden, Kevin Michael Richardson, Michele Morgan, Danica McKellar, Kerrigan Mahan, Danny Cooksey, Crystal Scales, Coolio; Full Voice Cast ...
- Directed By Denys Cowan, Dan Riba.
- Produced By Alan Burnett, Scott Jeralds, Shaun McLaughlin.
- Originally Aired on Kids WB! (USA).
- Not Officially Released.
- Running Time: 30 minutes.
- Color
Cartoon Summary:
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Cartoon Production Information:
After being exposed to a mutanic gas, Virgil Hawkins becomes Static- the world's first teenage African-American superhero.
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You can watch this episode today on your computer. Just click below to start viewing "Role Models" online now.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Vanaja, A and Rao, RMVGK Developmental studies on High temperature bis-maleimide resin Composites. Project Report. National Aerospace Laboratories, Bangalore.
Full text available as:PDF Download (600Kb) |
This report presents the developmental studes on high Tg bismale-imide resin systems for high temperature applications. Epoxy novolacs (EPN) are a special class of resins belonging to the epoxy resin family showing medium to high functionality. The only limitations of these resins are their glass transition temperature. The Tg of these resins can be improved by blending them with bismale-imide. With this background investigations were carried out to modify an EPN with bismale-imide for high performance applications. The main objectives of this studies are Synthesis three different types of bismile-imide, modification of EPN resin with these bismile-imide and to evaluate these formulation for performance applications. This document summarized the Ph.D work carried out Ms Vanaja, and her thesis has been submitted for evaluation on 5th June 2003 to the Bangalore University.
Item Type: | Proj.Doc/Technical Report (Project Report) |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | Bis-maleimide;composites;Tg;DSC |
Subjects: | CHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS > Composite Materials |
Division/Department: | Fibre Reinforced Plastics Division, Fibre Reinforced Plastics Division |
Depositing User: | Mr Nisanth |
Date Deposited: | 12 Jul 2011 10:20 |
Last Modified: | 12 Jul 2011 10:20 |
URI: | http://nal-ir.nal.res.in/id/eprint/9332 |
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Released: Jun 01st, 2005
Running Time: 85
Companies: Unknown, Blatino Connection
Distribution Companies: Global Media
Iniquity, Black Diamond, Rock (IV), John (II), Sean (II), Jesus (II)
Critical Rating: AAA
Genre: Gay and Bi
Recommended. Ethnic shelf. Good little movie. Black and Latino pushers accept mouth and manhole instead of money. Three solos (one a duo with twins), three fuck scenes
Edits are awkward, there's a shortage of fuck close-ups, the goddamn camera wobbles all over the place, the eclectic score seems arbitrary and sometimes inappropriate, and the director needs to learn to light black asses so their cracks show, but nevertheless, this is an entertaining, nasty little film noir about black and Latino dealers who let customers pay for their product with sucks and fucks. What the sex-scenes lack in artistry is made up for by the meaning the sordid little story gives to the sex, and by good acting all around, especially from principal dealers Rock and Mac. The result is a believable all-male narcotic-erotic underworld-and let's hope that in his next movie, the director will spare us the still photographer's flashbulbs that break that illusion. One overlong solo slows the generally energetic pace.


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Practice Areas
ExperienceStephen Green is a partner in the Litigation Department at Musick, Peeler & Garrett LLP. He is resident in the firm's Los Angeles office, where his practice is concentrated upon insurance coverage and bad faith litigation, and providing pre-litigation advice to insurance clients. In addition, Mr. Green represents insurance brokers in professional liability disputes. Relative to his insurance practice, Mr. Green regularly represents insurers in matters concerning insurance for intellectual property, false advertising and related business disputes; directors & officers liability including shareholder derivative lawsuits; errors and omissions liability of lawyers and law firms, real estate brokers and agents, and other professionals; various product liabilities; and environmental liability under federal and state laws. Mr. Green has litigated cases in state and federal trial courts, and has successfully represented clients in the California Court of Appeal resulting in several published decisions concerning important issues of insurance law and civil procedure. Mr. Green is a member of the American Bar Association, Tort Trial and Insurance Practice Section. He was also recognized as a Southern California Rising Star by Los Angeles Magazine from 2006-2008. He is admitted to practice before all California state courts, all United States District Courts in California, as well as the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. Education
Bar Admissions


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Training and Certification
FREE Webinars
JAWS Tool Belt, May 29 to June 5, 2015
JAWS screen reading software is SO much more than just a screen reader! It includes several powerful tools that help make you more productive and efficient, whether your'e at home, school, or work.
Facebook with JAWS and MAGic, June 26 to August 31, 2015
Join us for this two-part Webinar series to learn more about using JAWS to access the Facebook website.
Target with JAWS and MAGic, July 1, 2015
The Target.com website has a variety of features that make online shopping using JAWS a positive experience. Topics in this lesson include searching for items, managing a shopping cart, and purchasing items in the cart. We also explore the features of Target.com specifically developed for screen reading software. Joining us is a member of the Target accessibility team as we discuss Target's commitment to an accessible online shopping experience.
Amazon with JAWS and MAGic, July 24, 2015
The Amazon.com website includes a variety of features which create a positive online shopping experience using JAWS. Topics in this lesson include searching for items, managing a shopping cart, and purchasing items in the cart. We also explore the features of Amazon.com specifically developed for screen reading software.
Google Docs with JAWS and MAGic, August 12 - 26, 2015
Join us in this webinar to learn how to use JAWS with Google Docs to create documents in the cloud. We also look at how braille works with Google Docs, keyboard commands, and more.
PAID Webinars: Upcoming
Word 2013, Parts 1-3, May 19 - 28, 2015
Learn to use JAWS and MAGic with Microsoft Word 2013 in this three-part webinar. Each lesson is one and half hours.
Outlook 2013, Parts 1-3, June 18 - 25, 2015
By the end of this workshop you will understand, be able to discuss, and/or perform the following tasks as they relate to Outlook 2013 from the keyboard with JAWS and MAGic:
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Learn to use JAWS and MAGic with Microsoft Excel 2013 in this three-part webinar. Each lesson is one and half hours.
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The Training Downloads page is your one-stop source for finding many of the free DAISY and MP3 training materials we have available.
Training Downloads page - learn more...Surf's Up Training
Surf's Up! - Surfing the Internet with JAWS and MAGic training has been updated to help instructors and students take advantage of new features. Surf's Up is a set of Freedom Scientific web pages that explain how to surf the web with JAWS screen reading software and MAGic screen magnification software. You'll also find many new and updated exercises for practice throughout. Visit Surf's Up online or get the Surf's Up downloadable version for use on computers with no Internet connection.
Accessibility and Usability
It is in everyone's best interest to create Web pages and other documents that are both accessible and easy to use. The easier a Web page or document is to use the more often customers will come back to your site. The faster someone can get their job done the better for everyone, whether that is doing research on the Web, filling out forms, or working on the job and getting every day tasks done.
Accessibility and Usability page - learn more...Hands-on Workshops and Other Training
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I gotta say that today, I felt the most normal. I'm sure it's because I visited my office. I've been at my job for 23 years and it identifies me in so many ways. I know that's probably not healthy but my law school is a special place and it's extended family in some ways. My pride stung a bit when I realized I was replaceable.... I recognized immediately that pride is not useful and so I reminded self to be grateful and that many good things have come out of this C. The most special is that I can not hug and tell my kids "i love you" more freely. We are not lovey/dovey people--it's becoming easier for us. The other is that I now have a "backup"and if I want, I can now take a real vacation.
I am also feeling much more confident wearing a hat or scarf. Luckily, it's the cold months so I don't stand out so much....
Tomorrow is my second chemo and I wanted something in the freezer that I can eat that will nourish my body. So I looked at what I had and decided to roast a spaghetti squash.
I then browned a package of Jennie-O Italian Seasoned Ground Turkey. This is the first time I bought this brand ,and I will definitely buy it again. I definitely liked the Italian seasonings.
Once my meat was totally browned, I added the last of my chopped kale.
And because I love EASY, I opened a can of traditional spaghetti sauce. I forget the brand, but it was whatever was on sale.
I then took a Corelle dish (I bought this dish at a yard sale. I think it's from the sixties. It's chipped but it's still useful). I layered the squash in the dish spreading with a fork.
Layered the turkey/kale/sauce mixture, then topped-off with Mozzarella cheese. I read on-line that cheese was not recommended with chemo. It's soooo hard to NOT eat cheese. I am quite the cheese whore. But maybe a little won't hurt?
I then baked my casserole in the over for 30 minutes. I am pretty sure these Corelle dishes can go from freezer to oven.
My spaghetti squash was huge, so I saved a little for today's lunch and dinner. I can easily eat the same thing all day. I'm weird like that... See the specks of cheese from my grating? I couldn't let the crumbs go to waste. LOL
Oh, and did you notice the Christmas table cloth? I picked it up from my office. I do not have a Christmas tree in my house, and I need to feel Christmas despite all that's going on at the moment. It's been a rough few months i.e., my surgery/chemo, my son-in-law's emergency appendectomy and my daughter's hysterectomy... I'm very proud of my family. They have all been such troopers. We are counting our blessing and are putting the Christ back in Christmas.
I've learned that there will always be trials and tribulations because that's life. What really makes a difference is how we deal with them.... counting one's blessing and playing Pollyanna's glad game is so much beneficial. You all remember Pollyanna, right? She was take a bad event and find the good. You should rent her movie one day. I saw it as a kid and it has always stayed with me.


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Mark Arcobasso trekked from office to office to fill out the paperwork for his business license, food and liquor licenses and tax information when he opened Domenico's Restaurant in Jefferson City 15 years ago.
His other option was to fill out all of the forms and send them through snail mail.
And up until last Tuesday, aspiring business owners had to hop from Web site to Web site to fulfill agency requirements.
That process is over now that Gov. Matt Blunt and Secretary of State Robin Carnahan announced the launch of the Missouri Business Portal Web site. Business.mo.gov contains links to research, forms, applications and offices that people interested in starting a business may find useful.
The site was created through a collaboration of the Secretary of State, the Department of Economic Development, the Department of Revenue, the Small Business Development Centers and other state organizations.
"When you are starting a new business, there are a lot pieces to the puzzle to fit together," Blunt spokeswoman Jessica Robinson said. "It was a collaborative effort to make online resources more accessible and easily accessible."
She said there are several steps and components that require people to go to more than one agency. Business Portal was designed to make it easier for small businesses.
Each year, 43,600 new jobs are created in Missouri, and 93 percent are created by small businesses, said Chris Bouchard, associate state director of the Missouri Small Business Development center and member of the Business Portal's steering committee.
The Web site now only offers links to the different offices and lists steps in the process, which Bouchard said is in the first of three phases. He declined to give specific details about the other phases.
"Ultimately, it will be a one-stop place and will be more proactive," Bouchard said.
The Web site organizes information into four categories: research, register, maintain and resources. It's designed to help guide businesses "from the cradle to the grave," Arcobasso said.
Entrepreneurs can find information about their business area and find help with writing a business plan in the site's research section. A step-by-step register section contains links to offices and forms that must be completed at the state and local levels. The maintain section links to yearly registrations and filings, tax issues and concerns, employee information and how to close a business. The resources section provides links about raising money, growing the business and dealing with employee concerns.
"I wish it was around 15 years ago," Arcobasso said. "It would have saved a lot of legwork. It won't do the work for you, but it will get you organized."


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Piers Morgan's CNN show receives lowest ratings in 21 years
Loss of target audience despite prime time slot.
Loss of target audience despite prime time slot.
by Helen Robb Published
Piers Morgan's American talk show has brought in the lowest viewer ratings recorded on the CNN prime time slot in 21 years.
Morgan took over the 9pm slot from Larry King in January 2011, launching the show with a huge advertising campaign. The debut show received an audience of 2.1m viewers, which has since fallen by 25 per cent. More worrying for the UK television personality, the key audience of 25 to 54 year olds has fallen further. Having received an initial audience of 521,000 viewers, Morgan was watched by only 39,000 25-54 year olds in May, down 32 percent.
The show has hosted popular guests, with celebrities including Charlie Sheen and Glee's Jane Lynch, and political figures including the Dalai Lama. Morgan's shown runs for 60-minutes in a prime time slot.


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Some things are finally starting to go right for the Twins. They've won eight of their last 10 games and even managed a decisive 8-1 victory over the AL West-leading Rangers on Saturday at Target Field.
They're also starting to get healthier.
From John Shipley of the St. Paul Pioneer Press comes word that catcher Joe Mauer has not been scheduled to play in any rehab games at Triple-A Rochester and could jump from Single-A Fort Myers to the Twin Cities on Thursday of this week.
Mauer will catch a full nine innings today and Monday for the Fort Myers Miracle before batting against rehabbing closer Joe Nathan in a simulated game on Wednesday. If that all goes well and Mauer feels strong enough, he could be activated in time for the Twins' Thursday afternoon game against the White Sox.
Mauer was 8-for-34 with no homers and four RBI before landing on the disabled list in the middle of April with bilateral leg weakness. He's not going to save Minnesota's season all on his own, but he'll certainly improve the club's chances of pulling off a major comeback. Manager Ron Gardenhire said Sunday that he hasn't decided whether Drew Butera or Rene Rivera will be sent back to the minors to clear a 25-man roster spot.
- Richard In Big D - Jun 12, 2011 at 3:10 PM
Please start talking about the perfect game Francisco Liriano is throwing right now, through 5. I'm a long time Ranger fan, and I want to jinx him…
- jimbo1949 - Jun 12, 2011 at 4:15 PM
next page
- drmonkeyarmy - Jun 12, 2011 at 8:13 PM
It would be funny if that was actually Mrs. Joe Mauer.
- minnesconsin - Jun 13, 2011 at 9:12 AM
In theory, Mauer would provide a boost –particularly since the team's backup catchers have been collectively awful in his absence.
that said, Mauer's performance at A-ball has been kind of scary. look for him to struggle as gets used to facing actual MLB pitching again. w/ the small sample size, his lone homer makes his SLG and OPS look deceptively decent. It's just odd to see the batting champ hitting .263 against that kind of pitching.


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One of the ironies of photography is that an art that can create such great beauty and meaning can also cause such wear and tear to our bodies.
This is why we have published "How Modular Belt Systems Can Alleviate Bodily Aches and Pains," an article written by Doug Murdoch that explores how modular systems that slide on a belt may be able to reduce some of the factors that cause those bodily aches and pains.
The rotation180° professional from MindShift Gear will change the way you shoot! Learn more about MindShift Gear.
© 2015 Think Tank Photo, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Website Optimization by Blast Advanced Media


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OKLAHOMA CITY – Our In Your Corner team continues to expose a notorious Oklahoma contractor.
Already Brian Krafton's been convicted of defrauding customers and he's accused of cheating subcontractors and employees.
Krafton also ran a suspicious charity, posed as a former employee and was even offering financial advice for a fee without a license.
Time and again we've confronted Krafton about the allegations.
Last week, Edmond police picked up Krafton for writing hot checks at Sunflower Market in Edmond.
Krafton, who has since bonded out of jail, claims he's given up roofing and credit repair to run a not-for-profit job placement agency, OkJobsNow.
"We place elderly, convicted felons, senior citizens, youth, disabled people, hearing impaired and [the] blind," Krafton said.
He alleges he's partnering up with various metro businesses, including H.I.S. Paint Manufacturing Company, to place job seekers.
A spokesperson with H.I.S. Paint Manufacturing Company called Krafton's claim absurd and said they never used Krafton's agency to fill a job vacancy.
Current and former Krafton employees tell In Your Corner Krafton posts false Craigslist ads to entice job seekers.
He refutes the claim but admits to unintentionally ripping off some Oklahoma homeowners.
Krafton continues to pay restitution to his roofing scam victims.
Remember, he's still serving deferred sentences in Cleveland and Oklahoma counties, which means with one slip-up, a judge can revoke his sentence and throw him back behind bars.
We've forwarded the findings of our case to prosecutors. We'll keep you posted.


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Qiu Xiaolong
In this Anthony Award-winning debut, Inspector Chen of the Shanghai Police must find the murderer of a National Model worker, and then risk his own life and career to see that justice is done. A Loyal Character Dancer is the latest in Qiu's Shanghai series featuring Inspector Chen. "A marvelously assured debut. . . . Engrossing, immensely readable."—The Wall Street Journal

Chief Inspector Chen Cao of the Shanghai Police Department is the head of the Special Case group and is often put in charge of those cases that are considered politically "sensitive" since, as a rising party cadre, he's regarded by many as reliable. But Inspector Chen, though a poet by inclination and avocation, takes his job as a policeman very seriously, despite the pressures put upon him from within and without, and is unwilling to compromise his principles as a policeman in favor of political expedience.

 <
For this introductory volume Qiu Xiaolong has chosen a number of well-known love poems from China s long literary history. In particular, he chose those from the great Tang period (618-906), which have remained alive and on people s lips ever since they were written. Most of the selection here date from that period; the rest were penned during the later dynasties the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing. With b&w illustrations.
Keywords: chinese, poetry, classical, anthology, tang, evoking
Pages: 162
Published: 2007
Keywords: chinese, poetry, classical, anthology, tang, evoking
Pages: 162
Published: 2007
In Evoking Tang, writer Qiu Xiaolong breathes new life into the works of the Tang dynasty masters, introducing their universal these—of love and lament, frienship and longing, the serenity to be found in natural beauty—to a whole new audience of western readers.The Tang period is the golden age of Chinese poetry. In Evoking Tang, a bilingual collection, Xiaolong offers English translations of more than 70 classic Chinese poems. The original texts represent the work of almost 40 poets from the Tang period, whose poems are comparable in importance, for English-speaking readers, to th


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US 4433621 A Abstract An apparatus is provided for affixing a brand on the surface of a plurality of meat products. A first conveyor moves the meat products through a branding zone where they are contacted by heated brands affixed to a second conveyor which travels at the same rate as the first conveyor.
Claims(13) 1. An apparatus for affixing a brand on the surface of a plurality of meat products comprising:
(a) a first conveyor means having a surface portion for supporting and moving a plurality of relatively spaced meat products through a branding zone; (b) a second conveyor means disposed in the branding zone and having a portion thereof in substantially opposed overlying relation to the surface portion of said first conveyor means, said second conveyor means including a plurality of relatively spaced branding elements mounted thereon, each of said branding elements being removably accommodated in a socket-like support means, thereby causing said branding elements to travel through the branding zone while in spaced substantially parallel relation to the product-supporting surface portion of said first conveyor means and causing said branding elements to continuously contact the product for the period of time the product travels through the branding zone; (c) means for heating said branding elements to branding temperatures prior to same contacting the meat products in said branding zone; (d) means for coordinatingly driving said first and second conveyor means. 2. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said first conveyor means comprises a flat-top chain.
3. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said first conveyor means includes adjustable orienting guide means disposed above the surface portion of said first conveyor means in the branding zone.
4. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said second conveyor means includes means for vertically adjusting the spacing between said surface portion of said first conveyor means and said portion of said second conveyor means which is in substantially opposed overlying relation thereto.
5. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein each of said branding elements has an exposed surface contoured to complement the surface of the product to be branded.
6. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the branding element heating means includes a torch having an open flame in heating contact with the branding indicia prior to the latter entering the branding zone.
7. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said first and second conveyor means are supported by a frame and are substantially enclosed within a shroud for protecting an operator and for defining the branding zone.
8. An apparatus according to claim 7 wherein said protective shroud comprises an enclosure having side, end and top panels, said top panel having an aperture formed therein for permitting the pivotal insertion and removal of the heating means into the branding zone, and at least one of said side panels having a window formed therein for visual inspection by an operator of the heating of said branding means by said heating means.
9. An apparatus according to claim 8 wherein the shroud panels have an insulating material affixed to the interior surfaces thereof.
10. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the heating means is pivotally mounted with respect to said second conveyor means.
11. An apparatus for affixing a brand on the surface of a plurality of meat products comprising:
(a) a first conveyor means having a surface portion for supporting and moving a plurality of relatively spaced meat products through a branding zone; (b) a second conveyor means disposed in the branding zone and having a portion thereof in substantially opposed overlying relation with the surface portion of said first conveyor means, said second conveyor means including a plurality of relatively spaced branding elements mounted thereon, each of said branding elements being removably accommodated in a socket-like support means, thereby causing said branding elements to travel through the branding zone while in spaced substantially parallel relation with the product-supporting surface portion of said first conveyor means, wherein each of said socket-like branding element support means includes sides thereof provided with a first complemental guide unit which co-acts with a fixed second complemental guide unit thereby effecting movement of said socket-like member along a path essentially parallel to, and a predetermined distance from, said first conveyor means throughout the length of travel of said socket-like member through the branding zone; (c) means for heating said branding elements to branding temperatures prior to same contacting the meat products in said branding zone; (d) means for coordinatingly driving said first and second conveyor means. 12. An apparatus according to claim 11 wherein one of the complemental guide units is an elongated recess and the other complemental guide unit is an elongated protuberance for slidably engaging said recess.
13. An apparatus having a branding zone for affixing a brand upon the surface of a plurality of meat products comprising:
(a) a frame which includes a pair of elongated spaced upright parallel members; (b) first flat-top chain conveyor means having a surface portion for supporting and moving meat products through said branding zone disposed between said frame members; (c) adjustable guide means positioned above said conveyor surface portion for defining a laterally confined path for said meat products; (d) second conveyor means disposed in the branding zone, including a plurality of branding elements which define the outer surface thereof, said second conveyor means being adjustably positioned in substantially opposed, overlying relation to the surface portion of the first conveyor means and being spaced therefrom so as to permit at least one of said branding elements to contact and brand the surface of a meat product which moves through said branding zone while supported on the surface portion of said first conveyor; (e) means carried by the second conveyor for affixing a brand upon a meat product as it moves through said branding zone, said branding means including a brand support having sides provided with a first complemental guide unit and having a removable brand element which includes a branding indicia having a surface contoured to conform to the shape of a meat product when in branding contact therewith; (f) a second complemental guide unit affixed to the second frame for slidably engaging said first complemental guide unit of said brand support means for effecting movement of said brand support means along a predetermined path through the branding zone; (g) a protective shroud mounted on said second frame for enclosing said conveyor means and said branding zone, said shroud having side, top and end panels including an insulating material affixed to the interior surfaces thereof, having a window formed in at least one side panel for permitting a machine operator to view the heating of said branding means by a torch, and having an aperture formed in the top panel for insertion of a torch into said branding zone; (h) a pivotally-mounted torch affixed to said shroud for heating the branding indicia to a temperature sufficient to brand the surface of a meat product; and, (i) means for coordinatingly driving said first and second conveyor means. Description 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus or machine for affixing a brand upon meat or meat products, especially processed meat products such as frankfurters or other sausages, by bringing a heated brand surface into contact with the surface of the meat or meat product. 2. Description of the Prior Art The marking of meat or meat products having a smooth surface such as sausages or frankfurters (hereinafter referred to simply as meat products) by the affixation of a brand can serve one or more of a number of purposes. The placing of a mark upon a meat product may, for example, serve to identify the origin of the product, to identify the producer of the product, or to indicate a grade or other classification of the product. By far the most important of these purposes is the use of such a brand to affix upon the meat product the trademark of the producer. In order to adequately perform the function of affixing a trademark or other brand upon a meat product, the apparatus or machine used for applying the brand should be capable of branding a large number of such products in a relatively short time. Specifically, such a branding machine(s) must be able to mark as many meat products in a given time period as are produced in a given period without damage to the meat in order to be commercially useful. Moreoever, the apparatus must bring the heated brand surface into contact with the smooth surface of the meat product, such as a sausage, and maintain that contact for a period of time sufficient to affix a legible brand upon that surface. This it must do without undue burning or scorching of the meat product. Another desirable feature of such a branding apparatus is the ability to affix brands upon meat products of various widths and thicknesses while maintaining the legibility of the brands. Reinhart et al., U.S. Pat. No. 2,622,513, discloses a method of branding fresh liver by the use of a hand-held branding apparatus comprising a plurality of brands which are mounted upon a hollow cylinder and which are heated electrically. This device, while capable of affixing multiple brands upon a single, relatively flat surface, is neither capable of sequentially affixing a brand upon a large number of individual meat products during a short time span nor useful for branding small meat products having substantially rounded surfaces, such as sausages. Brown et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,089,260, discloses a meat patty finishing cooker comprising conveyor means and a plurality of hot-air jets for producing browned or seared marks or stripes so as to give the appearance that the patty was grilled. While this apparatus is capable of cooking a large number of meat patties in assembly-line fashion, its forced hot-air heating elements are not suited for the affixing of brands upon meat products for two reasons. First, because of the intense heat of the hot-air jets which is necessary to produce the desired appearance, not only is the meat patty marked, but, as Brown et al explain, it is partially cooked as well. Indeed, one suggested application of the Brown et al. device is to provide means for general surface cooking. In many applications of the apparatus of the instant invention, either limited or general surface cooking associated with the marking process would be highly undesirable. This is particularly true in the case of the use of a branding apparatus to mark fresh, processed or partially cooked meat products which are not produced for immediate consumption. The second disadvantage of the Brown et al. meat patty cooker is that it is incapable of producing a distinct, discrete, legible mark upon the meat surface. In summary, the devices of the prior art are not satisfactory for affixing a single distinct brand upon large numbers of processed meat products, such as frankfurters and sausages having smooth surfaces, of varied shape and thickness, as is required of an apparatus to be employed in a large-scale commercial meat product processing operation. In one broad form the present invention is an apparatus, or machine, for affixing a brand on the surface of a plurality of prepared meat products which comprises: (a) a first driven conveyor means having an endless belt with a surface portion disposed to support a plurality of aligned spaced meat products whle the latter pass through a branding zone; (b) a second belt conveyor means disposed in the branding zone in substantially overlying opposed relation to a portion of the upper surface of said first conveyor means; the second conveyor means has a plurality of spaced branding elements affixed to the outer surface thereof and wherein a portion of said outer surface and the branding elements travel as a unit in parallel spaced relation with respect to the upper surface of said first conveyor means to provide contact of the branding elements with the surface of corresponding meat products carried by said first conveyor means; (c) means for heating said branding elements to a predetermined branding temperature; and (d) means for coordinating the rate of travel of said first and second conveyor means. The first driven, endless belt conveyor means is supported by a frame and is suitable for moving a number of meat products through a branding zone. Adjustable guide means are associated with the belt conveyor so that, by adjustment of the spacing between the guide means, a laterally confined path is defined on the surface of the first conveyor which is substantially commensurate with the width of the meat product to be branded and carried on the upper surface of the conveyor. The second conveyor means is supported in a second frame adjustably positioned on the first frame and has a plurality of branding elements attached thereto. It is positioned relative to the first conveyor means so that each meat product is contacted by at least one branding element as it moves through the branding zone, thereby affixing at least one brand upon each meat product. Each branding element is formed of heat conducting metal, such as steel or iron, and includes a discrete support and brand indicia provided on one surface of the support. The support surface is preferably contoured to conform to the surface configuration of the meat product to be branded. The branding element support has sides disposed substantially transverse to the direction of movement of the second conveyor means. Each side is provided with a guide channel disposed substantially parallel to the direction of movement of the second conveyor means. A protective, insulated metal safety shroud is provided which encloses both the second conveyor means and the branding zone. The top of the shroud has an aperture through which a heating means is inserted. A window is provided in each side of the shroud for observation and monitoring the heating of the branding elements by the heating means. Instruments may be used to monitor temperature. The brand heating means in one embodiment includes a torch for heating the brand indicia and associated support means to a temperature sufficient to affix a brand upon the surface of a meat product when contacted thereby. The protective shroud of the machine also has guide means, affixed to the interior sides of said shroud, for slidably engaging the side channels of the branding element support, thereby guiding the latter through the branding zone. When the guide means engage the channels of the brand support means, the branding element is held at a fixed height relative to the upper surface of the first conveyor means as it travels through the branding zone, thus permitting contact pressure to be exerted by the heated brand indicia on the exterior surface of meat products. Means for adjusting the height of the second conveyor means relative to the first conveyor means are provided whereby meat products of different thicknesses may travel through the branding zone and be contacted by the branding elements for a sufficient time to affix at least one brand upon each meat product without deleteriously affecting the latter. Thus, it is one object of the invention to provide an apparatus for branding a large number of uniform processed meat products in a given time period. A further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for affixing at least one discrete, legible brand upon each siuch meat product. An additional object is to provide an apparatus having means for adjusting the height and width of the path along which said meat products travel so as to permit the branding of meat products of varying size, shape and thickness. Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and claims and from the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a side-elevation view of one embodiment of the improved branding apparatus showing various drive assemblies for operating the lower conveyor. FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken across line 2--2 of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken along the line 3--3 of FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a fragmentary rear perspective view of the apparatus of FIG. 1. FIG. 5 is an enlarged end view of a typical branding element. FIG. 6 is an enlarged side view of the branding element of FIG. 5. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 4, a preferred embodiment of the improved branding apparatus 10 is shown, which includes a frame having a pair of spaced upright, elongated front and rear members 12A, 12B. The members are secured together by supporting crosspieces 13. The members and crosspieces are supported by a plurality of legs 14. The lower ends of the legs may have wheels or rollers 15 attached thereto to provide movability of the apparatus within a given area. A first, or lower, conveyor 16 is an endless belt disposed between frame members 12A and 12B, and slidably supported on bars 37 extending transversely inwardly from the inside of frame members 12A and 12B. The opposite ends of the belt are engaged by suitable sprockets 28, 29A mounted on shafts 26 and 26A, the latter being disposed between pairs of adjustable take-ups 18 provided at each end 20 of the frame member 12A. The take-ups as seen in FIG. 4, include bolts 22 secured to portions 20A of the frame member by nuts 24 and sleeves 25. Shaft 26A extends outwardly from takeup 18 and has mounted thereon a double-width roller chain sprocket 29A. The conveyor belt, as illustrated, is a flat-top chain 32 having spacer rollers 33 (see FIG. 2) which engage the peripheries of sprockets 28 and 29A. The support bars 37 subtend and support the upper run of conveyor 16 as it transports meat products between the frame members 12A, 12B in the direction of the arrows. Also mounted upon frame 12 are two adjustable guides 34, which are attached to frame members 12A and 12B by bolts 35 and nuts 36. The guides 34 coact to provide or define a narrow path traversed by the meat products as the upper run of the conveyor moves between the frame members. The spacing between the guides approximates the width of the individual meat products, see FIGS. 2 and 4. Mounted upon the top of frame 12 is shroud 38 which encloses the branding zone of the apparatus and supports the upper branding means conveyor, as will be described more fully hereinafter. Shroud 38 is supported by and mounted on frame 12 by a plurality of bolts 40 and 40A and nuts 42. Engaging the threaded portion of the three bolts 40 at their approximate midpoints are three roller-chain sprockets 44 which are held in position relative to frame 12 by spacer sleeves 46, as can be seen in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4. Engaging bolt 40A at its approximate midpoint is double width roller-chain sprocket 48, see FIGS. 2 and 4, which is also held in position relative to frame 12 by spacer sleeves 46. Adjacent to sprocket 48 are pillow blocks or bearings 50 which are fastened to the upper end lower frame sections 12E and 12F, respectively by brackets 52 and attaching bolts 54. Supported by pillow blocks 50 is a vertically disposed control shaft 56 to the upper end of which is attached a manual crank handle 58. Also attached to shaft 56 and positioned adjacent to and below block 50 is a roller-chain sprocket 60. Linking sprocket 60 to the upper row of teeth of double width sprocket 48 is first roller chain loop 62. Second roller chain loop 64, in turn, links the lower row of teeth of sprocket 48 with sprockets 44. As a result of this arrangement, when the crank 58 is turned, sprocket 60, sprocket 48 and sprockets 44 all rotate in unison. Inasmuch as sprockets 44 and 48 are fixed in position relative to frame sections 12 by sleeves 46, the rotation of those four sprockets upon the threads of bolts 40 and 40A cause said bolts to move in unison upward or downward, depending upon the direction of rotation of crank 58. Since shroud 38 is secured to each of bolts 40 and 40A, and since the upper conveyor (described in detail below) is, in turn, supported by said shroud 38, the rotation of said crank 58 results in the upward or downward movement of the upper conveyor relative to frame 12 and relative to the lower conveyor mounted thereon. As is shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, shroud 38 comprises a pair of support bars 66 which are attached to bolts 40 and 40A by nuts 42. The shroud also includes upwardly extending spaced parallel side panels 68, end panels 70 and a top panel 72. Applied to the interior surfaces of side panels 68, end panels 70 and top panel 72 is an insulating sheeting 74, see FIGS. 3 and 4. Each side panel 68 is provided with a window 76 for permitting the machine operator to view the upper run of the upper conveyor 79. Top 72 also has an aperture 78 for access to the upper run. An additional insulating block 80 is mounted on the exposed surface of the top surface to one side of aperture 78. The function of block 80 will become apparent from the description to follow. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, elongated conveyor guide rails 82 are mounted on and project inwardly from the lower portions of side panels 68. The ends 84 of each rail are tapered as seen more clearly in FIG. 3. Two of the four pillow blocks 86 are mounted upon the upper surface of each support bar 66 and are secured thereto by bolts 88 and nuts 90. Corresponding pillow blocks 86 are disposed in transverse alignment and carry a shaft 92, 94, which passes through the side panels 68 and support sprockets 98, 100 for the upper conveyor. Shaft 94 extends outwardly from block 86 and has keyed thereto roller-chain sprocket 96, see FIG. 1. Engaging sprockets 98 and 100 is an endless roller chain 102 having dogs 104 attached to the chain links. Carried by dogs 104 are brand support blocks 106 having exposed side channels 108 formed on the exterior thereof. The channels are for engaging sized to accommodate the guide rails 82 as each block moves from sprocket 98 to sprocket 100, see FIG. 3. Each block is provided with a socket 110 which is adapted to snugly receive a branding element 112, as shown in FIG. 3. If desired, only selected blocks 106 would carry the branding elements. Each branding element 112, as seen in FIGS. 5, 6 includes a base section 112d which is in a snug sliding fit within the block socket 110. One end of the base section 112a has formed thereon a brand indicia 112b which protrudes from the end of the socket 110, see FIG. 3. The surface 112c of the brand indicia 112b is preferably contoured to the surface of the meat product to receive the brand mark, see FIG. 6. Depicted in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 is a heating element 113 (e.g., torch) for heating the brand indicia 112b. The torch 113 includes a flame nozzle 114 having fitting 116 for attaching to a feed tube 118. Disposed within tube and upstream of the fitting is a control valve 120 connected to an appropriate gas supply by a suitable hose section 122. The torch 113 is secured to shroud 38 by a suitable bracket 124. The bracket 124 in the illustrated embodiment is pivotally connected to shroud 38 by bolts 126 and nut 128. Bracket 124 has a pair of connected flanges 130, each of which has an aperture 132 through which the feed tube 118 extends. In operation, the torch, when ignited, is pivoted so that the nozzle 114 extends through the aperture 78 formed in the shroud top panel and into the interior of the shroud. The flame F emitted from the nozzle is directed onto the brand indicia 112b as each branding element 112 moves beneath the nozzle and through the branding zone. Once the branding indicia is heated, the element 112 will move around sprocket 98 and into branding contact with a meat product as the latter moves between guides 34. The branding element 112 will remain in branding contact with the meat product as it moves between the guides 34 for a distance substantially equal to the spacing between the shafts 92, 94. A suitable power source 136 for driving both conveyors 16, 79 is shown in phantom lines in FIG. 1. Mounted upon frame 12 between shaft 94 and shaft 26A (FIGS. 1 and 4) are four bearings 140, two of which are mounted upon each side frame 12. Supported by bearings 140 are shafts 142 and 144 which pass through the lower conveyor chain loop. On the exposed ends of the shafts 142 and 144 are chain sprockets 146 and 148. On the opposite ends of shafts 142 and 144 (FIG. 4) are fitted intermeshing drive gears 150 and 152. Power is transmitted from the power source 136 to the upper and lower conveyors 79, 16 by a chain 156 (shown in phantom form in FIG. 1) which couples the output of power source 136 to sprocket 29A by engaging the outer row of teeth thereof. An additional roller chain loop 158 couples the other (inner) teeth of sprocket 29A to sprocket 146. Further transmission of power from sprocket 146 to sprocket 144 occurs by the engagement of the teeth of drive gear 150 with those of drive gear 152 (FIG. 4), inasmuch as sprocket 146 and gear 150 are mounted upon a single shaft 142, while sprocket 146 and gear 152 are mounted upon shaft 144. Chain 160 completes the series of drive couplings by engaging the teeth of sprockets 148, 96, thus driving shaft 94 of the upper conveyor 79. In operation, the meat products, such as sausages or frankfurters 21, are introduced onto one end of the lower conveyor 16. A confined path is provided by adjustment of the guides 34, disposed over the conveyor belt 16, so that the meat products are arranged in end to end relation as they travel between the guides and under the branding elements carried by the upper conveyor 79. The contact pressure of the branding elements 112 on the meat products is controlled by adjustment of the bolts 40 and 40A through manual crank wheel 58. The rate of travel of the first conveyor 16, and the second conveyor 79 is coordinated by interlinked chain belt 160. A variable speed motor or other power source controls the time of branding contact. Generally, a branding contact speed of the conveyors 16, 79 of about one second is satisfactory. Referenced by
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Cranberry Harvest Muffins The recipes and text are from The Barefoot Contessa Cookbook, by Ina Garten. Excerpted by permission from Clarkson N. Potter Publishers, a division of Random House, Inc. 1999 Photographs by Melanie Acevedo
This wonderful autumn recipe comes from Sarah Chase's Open House Cookbook, which has inspired me for years. She had a famous store called Que Sera Sarah, on Nantucket, where cranberries are harvested. We have made these muffins thousands of times at Barefoot Contessa and they are a hit every time.
Note: Greasing the surface of the muffin pan will make it easier to take the muffins out. Also, this batter can be made a day ahead, and scooped and baked before breakfast.
Yield: 18 Large Muffins
Method: Preheat the oven to 375 degrees. Line 18 muffin cups with paper liners. Sift together the flour, baking powder, baking soda, salt, cinnamon and ginger in a large bowl. Make a well in the center of the mixture and add the milk, eggs and melted butter. Stir quickly just to combine. Add the cranberries, figs, hazelnuts and both sugars and stir just to distribute the fruits, nuts and sugar evenly throughout the batter. Spoon the batter into the paper liners, filling each one to the top. Bake for 20 to 25 minutes, until browned on the top and a toothpick comes out clean.
...Published: December 2004


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