text:
Search the Site
Search across all the material in the Pedagogy in Action site. Use the boxes on the right to focus in on particular collections.
HelpShow all pages
showing only Psychology Show all SubjectLibrary Collection
Subject Show all Subject
28 matchesPedagogy
- Interactive Lectures 3 matches
- Writing 6 matches
- Quantitative Writing 6 matches
- Student Research 2 matches
- Teaching with Data 5 matches
- Quantitative Skills 1 match
- Quantitative Literacy 5 matches
- Quantitative Reasoning 5 matches
- Spreadsheets Across the Curriculum 1 match
- Teaching Communication 5 matches
- Context-Rich Problems 2 matches
Results 1 - 20 of 28 matches
Hemispheric Lateralization: Are You Left- or Right-Brained? part of Pedagogy in Action:Library:Context-Rich Problems:Examples
An online brain dominance inventory provides students with information on their brain dominance and information processing style. This relates to perception and learning styles.
Where Would Shoppers Go? part of Pedagogy in Action:Library:Context-Rich Problems:Examples
Two formulas and a scenario for students to apply two retail gravitation models used to predict where shoppers will choose to shop.
Universcience-VOD- La plasticité du cerveau part of Pedagogy in Action:Library:Coached Problem Solving:Examples
In this lab exercise, students of intermediate-level French will watch a short video on brain plasticity from the universcience VOD collection online.
"Breakfast, Brainpower, and Connecting Disciplines" part of Pedagogy in Action:Library:Interdisciplinary Approaches to Teaching:Examples
Activity to help students differentiate how disciplines focus on a problem.
Who Gets Help: A Field Experiment? part of Pedagogy in Action:Library:Undergraduate Research:Example
Students carry out a field experiment in order to test the hypothesis that able bodied individuals receive less help than those perceived to have an injury. Students collect and analyze data and write an APA style research report.
Writing about Numbers We Should Know part of Pedagogy in Action:Library:Quantitative Writing:Examples
This opening assignment for an introductory quantitative reasoning course asks students to write about "Numbers We Should Know." Its goal is to help students begin to think quantitatively, evaluate the sources of quantitative information critically, and write using numbers precisely and thoughtfully.
Comparing Journalistic Reports to Primary Sources of Research part of Pedagogy in Action:Library:Quantitative Writing:Examples
A set of three short writing assignments were designed to encourage students to think critically about the way that scientific research is reported by the popular media and the reasons that research may or may not be reported in a way that could be construed as misleading.
Introducing Introductory Psychology Students to Quantitative Analysis part of Pedagogy in Action:Library:Quantitative Writing:Examples
An assignment that involves introductory psychology students in the analysis a data set on personality traits and their relationship to measures of happiness and well-being.
Political Psychology - Public Political Attitudes Assignment part of Pedagogy in Action:Library:Quantitative Writing:Examples
Students were asked to compare their estimates of public opinion on several current issues to the actual values obtained through the analysis of National Surveys. The objective was to explore a common social attribution error and to acquire familiarity with data sources and on-line analysis tools.
Becoming a Psychology Scholar part of Pedagogy in Action:Library:Quantitative Writing:Examples
This assignment takes indtroductory psychology students step-by-step through the research process.
Examining Prosocial Behavior Quantitatively: An Activity for Introductory Psychology Students part of Pedagogy in Action:Library:Quantitative Writing:Examples
For this psychology project, students in small groups will design and execute a study on helping behavior and then analyze and interpret the results.
Do You See What I See: Using Optical and Visual Illusions to Illustrate Perception part of Pedagogy in Action:Library:Interactive Lectures:Examples
An in-class demonstration of perception and individual perceptual differences, using optical illusions and visuals.
Social Class Symbols: In-class Activity Game part of Pedagogy in Action:Library:Interactive Lectures:Examples
This sites provides three interactive games related to social class and personal possessions indicative of class.
La Dyslexie: A French language podcast part of Pedagogy in Action:Library:Interactive Lectures:Examples
In this listening comprehension exercise, students will complete a questionnaire based on a podcast on the topic of dyslexia. Students will listen to the podcast at the French website Neopodia and answer comprehension questions in complete sentences in French.
The Role of Metacognitive Knowledge in Learning, Teaching, and Assessing part of SERC Print Resource Collection
Examines one type of knowledge not included in the original Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, metacognitive knowledge. Based on the work of Flavell, this paper identifies three types of ...
Differences in learning and study strategies between high and low achieving university students: A Hong Kong study part of SERC Print Resource Collection
Abstract: This study aims to investigate the differences between high and low academic achieving Hong Kong University students in terms of learning and study strategies. A total of 180 Hong Kong ...
Self-Regulation in the Classroom: A Perspective on Assessment and Intervention part of SERC Print Resource Collection
Abstract: There is no simple and straightforward definition of the construct of self-regulated learning. Theorists in educational psychology have narrowed the scope of students' capability to ...
Self-regulated learning and academic achievement: Theoretical perspectives part of SERC Print Resource Collection
Abstract: This volume brings together internationally known researchers representing different theoretical perspectives on students' self-regulation of learning. Diverse theories on how students ...
Inherent details in self-regulated learning part of SERC Print Resource Collection
Abstract: Examines several areas of theory and empirical research that are not prominently cited in educational psychology's research into self-regulated learning (SRL). These areas reveal new ...
Self-regulation involves more than metacognition: A social cognitive perspective. part of SERC Print Resource Collection
Abstract: Considers the issues that P. H. Winne found troubling about student failures to self-regulate effectively from a social cognitive perspective. From this viewpoint, self-regulation (SRG) ...


text:
Accountants in Logan, WV
Home > WV > Logan
H&R Block 139 Stollings Ave Logan, WV 25601 | Vallet Tax & Accounting Service 401 Cole St Logan, WV 25601 | Mc Neal Williamson & Co 755 Stratton St Logan, WV 25601 | Ellis Millard R CPA 100 3rd St Logan, WV 25601 | Ellis Real Estate Inc 100 3rd St Logan, WV 25601 |
Taylor Debra L Certified Public Acc 755 Stratton St Logan, WV 25601 |
Results were generated in 0.078941 seconds.
AccountantFast.com offers the largest selections of Logan Tax Accountants, Book keepers and CPAs in Logan, WV. Use our elite database search to find all of the best accountants in Logan for taxes or book keeping. We add listings to our site daily, and we are known for being the largest accounting directory listing on the internet. So begin your search now to find your tax accoutant or your CPA in Logan.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus
Variations for Piano
編集者: Ewald Zimmermann
指使い: Walther Lampe
Musicians throughout the world are familiar with and treasure our blue Urtext editions – top quality editions of great classical compositions. Urtext and Henle are synonymous. The musician is offered a musical text which solely reflects the composer's intentions.


text:
It's rare that I find French bashing humorous. But this French restaurant in Park City pulls it off.
The restaurant's tag line is, "French, without all the France."
The introductory copy on their site reads, "You'll find no poodles. No bidets. No bloody Jerry Lewis. Just one rapturous meal after another, served up in the coziest corner this side of the Seine."
My friends at BOWG, Salt Lake City, are responsible for this.
French, Without All The France
August 24, 2005 By


text:
How to Organize Your Craft Room: 15 Room Tours and DIY Organization Ideas
Bonus: Get our newsletter & special offers for free. We will not share or sell your email address. View our Privacy Policy
Beaded Button Box
By: The Discount Diva for Kreinik
Check out the sewing supplies at your local dollar or discount store. We found this cute button box that can be embellished by you or your child, and given to a sewer as a gift (inexpensive and FAST!).
- Button box from a discount store
- 4" x 6" Treasure Tape sheet
- Diamond Beadlets
- Buttons to embellish the top
- Kreinik 1/16" Ribbon in desired colors (we used 100 White)
- Kreinik #12 Braid in desired colors (we used 031 Crimson and 007 Pink)
- Kreinik Facets in desired colors (we used Black)
- Shallow pan or tray
Trace the outline of your box top onto the white side of the red liner Treasure Tape. Cut out.
Remove the white liner and place the tap on the top of your button box. Remove the red liner to expose the sticky part.
Decorate with any buttons first, placing them randomly or in a particular pattern onto the tape.
Next, lay the thread in desired places. Lay the Facets around the edge as a border, then swirl and curl and lay the other colors as desired, pressing into the tape to adhere the threads.
- Then lay the box in a shallow pan or tray and cover all remaining sticky areas with the Diamond Beadlets.
Kreinik threads available through needlework stores or www.kreinik.com.
Tags / Related Topics
Your Recently Viewed Projects
Love these projects? Get MORE delivered to your Inbox – FREE Click Here!
Jul 13, 2013
I can understand it all, but I had not heard of Treasure Tape until today. lol But it sounds like it's really convenient and easy to use. The box sounds nice, would like to see the one you made.
- WAS THIS HELPFUL? YesNo
s1941monkey 186430 9
May 17, 2013
I haven't a clue with these directions; need more detail as long as there is not a picture posted. A picture would speak a thousand words. Where are the liners? and, what is a 'tap'? I get a lot of enjoyment from this site and sorry to be in such a fog with this one.
- WAS THIS HELPFUL? YesNo
Report Inappropriate Comment
Are you sure you would like to report this comment? It will be flagged for our moderators to take action.
Thank you for taking the time to improve the content on our site.
Something worth saving?
- SAVE all your favorite crafts
- ADD personal notes
- QUICKLY reference your crafts
Free eBooks
- 12 Fabulous Picnic Craft Ideas + Restaurant Copycat Recipes
- 14 Toilet Paper Roll Craft Ideas
- 17 Flower Craft Ideas: How To Make Paper Flowers, Easy Fabric Flowers and More
- 18 Tie Dye Patterns for Shirts, Decor, & More
- 26 Spring Crafts for Kids
- Crafts for Mom: 30 Free Craft Projects for Mother's Day
- Easter Eggs: Easter Egg Designs, Tips for Perfect Hard Boiled Eggs, Egg Recipes
- Garden Crafts
- Graduation Crafts
- Hop into Spring: Easter Crafting and Recipe
Our Newest Projects & Articles
- Upcycled Wood Shipping Crate Playscape
- Peacock and Periwinkle Gardening Tools
- Quick Granny Stripes Lapghan Crochet Pattern
- Color-Blocked Watering Can
- Toast With Butter Crochet Amigurumi Pattern
- Family Handprint Canvas
- Simple Crochet Bath Puff
- Easy Yarn Woven Cup
- Simple Serenity DIY Bath Salts
- Rainbow Accordion Paper Garland


text:
Robert W. Doms 1and John P. Moore2
1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
2The Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, 455 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016
The identification of the chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 as the major coreceptors for HIV-1 has provided a new framework for understanding viral tropism and pathogenesis at the molecular level. It is now possible to assign molecular designations to virus isolates, based on their coreceptor use, that largely explain viral phenotype (reviewed in Berger97a, 3Border97,8Doms9 7,15Moore9731). The need to accurately describe viral phenotype arises because HIV-1 strains can exhibit distinct cellular tropisms that have important implications for viral pathogenesis and disease progression. Generally, virus strains that are transmitted between individuals are able to infect both macrophages and primary CD4+ T-cells, but are unable to replicate in transformed T-cell lines (Connor93,11Roos92,37Schuitemaker92,41Zhu9352). As a result, they fail to form syncytia when grown in MT-2 cells or in certain other commonly used cell lines. Viruses with these properties have been referred to both as macrophage tropic (M-tropic) due to their ability to infect macrophages, non-syncytium inducing (NSI) due to their inability to form syncytia on T-cell lines, or slow-low (SL) in reference to their replication kinetics in culture (Fenyo88,22Schuitemaker9241) . With time, typically about 4-5 years after infection, virus strains evolve in some individuals (about 50) which can infect T-cell lines in addition to primary T-cells (Tersmette88,43Tersmette8944). While this shift in tropism can sometimes be accompanied by a loss of ability to infect macrophages, more often primary isolates retain this property and so are referred to as dual-tropic (Collman9210). Viruses able to infect T-cell lines have been variously referred to as T-tropic, syncytium-inducing (SI), or rapid-high (RH) according to the nomenclature schemes mentioned above. The emergence of these virus types is correlated with accelerated disease progression (Connor9311). Finally, viruses that are well-adapted to grow on transformed cell lines by continual passage are referred to as T-cell line adapted (TCLA). TCLA viruses exhibit greater sensitivity to neutralization by both antibodies and soluble CD4.
The above three systems for classifying viral strains are problematic for several reasons. The M-tropic designation, for example, can be taken incorrectly to mean that a virus is unable to replicate in primary T-cells. Likewise, T-tropic viruses have been described that retain the ability to infect macrophages. The NSI designation is also misleading, as it suggests that there is something inherently wrong with the env protein from these virus strains. It also implies that SI viruses are more fusogenic and cytopathic, which is not necessarily so when they are grown in primary CD4+ T-cells. It is now known that the SI/NSI designation is an artifact resulting from the fact that T-cell lines express CXCR4 but not CCR5; the env proteins from NSI viruses are perfectly capable of forming syncytia provided that target cells expressing CCR5 are used. Finally, an additional complication arising from the current classification schemes is that the terms M-tropic, NSI, and SL are often used synonymously, as are T-tropic, SI, and RH. While this is sometimes appropriate, there are many instances in which these terms are not synonymous.
Chemokine Receptors and Viral Tropism
The major determinant of viral tropism is at the level of entry, more specifically at the level of membrane fusion with CD4+ cells. This occurs efficiently only if the appropriate coreceptor is present. Thus, M-tropic, NSI viruses use CCR5 in conjunction with CD4 for fusion. Direct interactions between the env glycoprotein and CCR5 have been detected (Trkola96,46Wu9648), and it is likely that this interaction triggers the final conformational changes in env that promote fusion between the viral and cellular membranes. The importance of CCR5 for HIV-1 infection in vivo was shown by the discovery that approximately 1 of Caucasians lack CCR5, and that these individuals are highly resistant but not entirely immune to virus infection (Dean96, 12Liu96,28Michael97,30Samson9640). Thus, CCR5 is the major coreceptor for HIV-1 transmission in vivo. However, while CD4-positive cells obtained from CCR5-negative individuals are resistant to infection by viruses that require this coreceptor, they are readily infectable by viruses which use CXCR4 (Liu96,28Rana97,35Samson96,40Zhang9750). It is not clear why CCR5-negative individuals are only rarely infected by viruses that can use CXCR4 for cellular entry (for some examples see (Balotta97,2Theodorou97,45OBrien97,32Biti975). It appears that viruses which use CXCR4 are inefficient at establishing an infection in a naive host, for unknown reasons.
While M-tropic NSI viruses use CCR5 for cellular entry, CXCR4 is the coreceptor most commonly used by T-tropic, SI virus strains (Feng9621). Viruses that use CCR5 for entry can evolve to use CXCR4 through mutations in the env glycoprotein, usually but not always in the V3-loop. Despite less than 20 amino acid identity between CCR5 and CXCR4 in their extracellular domains, several viruses are known to efficiently use both coreceptors for cellular entry. Use of CXCR4 is largely dependent upon the first and second extracellular loops of this receptor, which are considerably more anionic than the corresponding domains in CCR5 (Brelot97,7Lu9729). It may be relevant that the V3-loops of T-tropic HIV-1 env proteins tend to be more basic than those found in viruses which use CCR5 as a coreceptor (De Jong92,25Fouchier9223), suggesting a charge-charge interaction may be involved in the gp120-CXCR4 interaction.
In addition to CCR5 and CXCR4, at least nine other chemokine or orphan receptors have been shown to support the cellular entry of one or more virus strains. These include CCR2b, CCR3, CCR8, GPR1, GPR15, STRL33, US28, V28, and ChemR23 (Choe96,9Deng97,13Doranz96,16Farzan97,20Liao97,27Pleskoff97a,33Reeves97,36Rucker97,38Samson9739). Though the in vivo significance of these alternative coreceptors is not clear, it is possible that the use of receptors other than CCR5 and CXCR4 may be important for certain aspects of viral pathogenesis. For example, CCR3 is expressed in microglia, and use of this receptor may be correlated with neurotropism (He9724). A major challenge in this rapidly developing field will be to determine if use of these additional receptors has implications for viral pathogenesis.
A Classification System Based on Coreceptor Use
The importance of viral phenotype for pathogenesis and disease progression coupled with the imprecise nature of the current systems for classifying virus strains calls for the development of a more accurate classification scheme. Recently, a new system based on coreceptor use has been proposed (Berger97b4). In this scheme, virus strains that use CCR5 as a coreceptor are designated R5, while those that use CXCR4 are designated X4. Viruses that use both coreceptors are designated R5X4. Thus, under this system the HIV-1 strains most commonly transmitted would be called R5 viruses. However, this designation makes no assumptions about the cells in which HIV-1 replication must occur (unlike the M-tropic/T-tropic designation), or the rate of virus replication (unlike the SL/RH system). Viruses that evolve the capacity to use CXCR4 in infected individuals with or without concurrent use of CCR5 would now be called R5X4 or X4 viruses, respectively. The primary advantage of this classification system is that it offers a precise molecular description of the major coreceptors used by any given virus strain without assuming that this necessarily results in the ability to efficiently replicate in a particular target cell. Furthermore, this system can be readily modified, taking into account other coreceptors (such as CCR3 by using an R3 designation) if their use proves to be a major determinant of tropism. We have compiled a table listing the coreceptors used by more than 100 HIV-1 strains, and discuss some of the nuances of co-receptor use below.
Issues Pertaining to Coreceptor Use
As shown in the Table, the major coreceptors used by greater than 100 HIV-1 strains have been determined in little more than a year. All strains listed in the Table have been examined for the ability to use CCR5 or CXCR4, though not necessarily for other coreceptors such as CCR3. From the studies published to date, it is clear that CCR5 and CXCR4 are the major HIV-1 coreceptors since all HIV-1 strains examined thus far use one or both of these receptors. In addition, coreceptor use is phenotype but not genotype dependent. All NSI viruses (irrespective of genetic subtype) studied to date use CCR5 while all SI viruses use CXCR4 (though many also use CCR5). Further, our review of the literature has shown that determining which of these receptors is used by a given virus strain is straightforward and independent of technique or assay. We have found no discrepancies between various virus infection, virus-cell fusion, and cell-cell fusion assays that have been used to determine if virus strains use CCR5 or CXCR4. The only differences concern the relative efficiencies with which R5X4 viruses use CCR5 and CXCR4, but these are relatively insignificant in terms of magnitude. For the purposes of the Table, we have arbitrarily chosen 10 efficiency as the cut-off for relevant coreceptor use. Thus, a virus that uses CCR5 as its most efficient coreceptor is listed as a R5X4 virus if it uses CXCR4 to levels 10 of that observed for CCR5. The efficiency with which different co-receptors are used by some strains is likely to vary between assay systems, and low-level entry via several co-receptors may not be uncommon. Whether this low level of relative efficiency can support virus infection in vivo is not known. As a result, the threshold efficiency for assigning relevance to coreceptor use may have to be raised or lowered in the future.
While many virus strains have been examined for the ability to use CCR5 and CXC R4, only a small number have been tested for use of most of the other viral coreceptors (see Table). Thus, we have not listed coreceptors that are NOT used by a given virus strain. Unlike studies in which use of CCR5 and CXCR4 was examined, we occasionally found discrepancies between different studies with regards to the use of additional coreceptors by some virus strains. The reasons for this are not clear, but may well be due to the fact that use of coreceptors other than CCR5 and CXCR4 tends to be inefficient, thus magnifying assay dependent differences. Perhaps the most significant variable in determining whether a given chemokine or orphan receptor can function as a coreceptor is the level of its expression. Very high levels of CCR3 expression support env-mediated membrane fusion by the majority of HIV-1 strains tested, while at lower levels only a few virus strains could use CCR3 (Rucker9738). Thus, expression levels can strongly influence coreceptor use. Another important variable is the expression level of the coreceptor relative to CD4 (Kozak9726). When CD4 is present on the cell surface at high levels, surprisingly low levels of CCR5 or CXCR4 are needed to support virus entry. However, if CD4 is expressed at low levels, higher expression levels of the coreceptors are needed (Kozak9726). Whether this will hold true for other coreceptors is not known, but clearly both CD4 and coreceptor cell surface expression levels can influence the efficiency of viral entry. As antibodies to additional chemokine and orphan receptors are identified, it will be possible to determine expression levels on relevant target cells. This will make it possible to assess the significance of coreceptor use determined from in vitro assays using cell lines or transient expression systems.
Determining the levels at which various receptors are expressed is but one step in determining their significance in vivo, since it is also important to determine if they are expressed in relevant target cells. In general, this is likely to be limited to CD4-positive cells. However, HIV-1 has been detected in a variety of CD4-negative cells, and several HIV-2 and many SIV strains have been identified that can utilize either CXCR4 or CCR5 for cellular entry in the absence of CD4 (Edinger97,18Endres96,19Reeves9736). In the case of SIV, a number of neurotropic SIV isolates have been shown to infect brain capillary endothelial cells, the principal component of the blood-brain barrier, in a CD4-independent, CCR5-dependent manner (Edinger9718). Thus, expression of an HIV-1 coreceptor in some CD4 negative cells may still have implications for viral pathogenesis. In fact, for many receptors, expression in cells other than T-cells and macrophages may be the only place that they support virus infection, at least during the early stages of disease - it is becoming increasingly clear that the R5 viruses which predominate during the asymptomatic period of the disease fail to infect stimulated PBMCs from individuals who lack CCR5, indicating that receptors such as CCR2b and CCR3 do not play a significant role in supporting virus entry into the primary targets of HIV-1 in vivo (Zhang9750). However, this may not be the case for viruses which emerge later in the course of disease.
Another important consideration in determining the in vivo relevance of an alternative coreceptor is the number and type of virus strains than can use the coreceptor, and if there is any correlation between viral phenotype and its use. Also, studies of sequential virus isolates may reveal correlations between the acquisition of the ability to use a given coreceptor and clinical aspects of HIV-1 disease, such as the development of neurological symptoms. Ultimately, identification of the ligands for orphan receptors and the development of specific antibodies should make it possible to identify the coreceptors that can be used by HIV-1 to enter various cell types.
The expression of a given coreceptor in conjunction with CD4 is not necessarily sufficient for virus infection. For example, CXCR4 is expressed on the surface of macrophages, which are resistant to infection by virus strains which use this receptor. Interestingly, infection of macrophages obtained from CCR5-negative individuals by a dual-tropic virus isolate, 89.6, is inhibited by the CXCR4 ligand SDF-1, suggesting that CXCR4 can be used as a coreceptor on the surface of macrophages, albeit rarely Yi98 . There are a variety of reasons why CXCR4 may not generally support entry of HIV-1 into macrophages, including differential posttranslational processing, surface expression levels relative to CD4 (as discussed above), and the way in which CXCR4 is presented in relation to CD4. At present, very little is known about the architecture of the fusion site - the number of molecules of env, CD4, and coreceptor that are required for a productive membrane fusion reaction, and their spatial relationships relative to one another.
The discovery of the HIV-1 coreceptors has important implications for understanding viral tropism and pathogenesis. Identifying which coreceptors are used by particular virus strains, and then determining whether their use correlates with particular aspects of viral pathogenesis, will be of general interest. Thus, a list of coreceptors used by virus strains will be maintained and updated yearly in this database. In addition, this will provide a forum where recent advances in the field can be discussed, particularly with regards as to how coreceptor usage patterns can be determined and our understanding of the significance of receptors other than CCR5 and CXCR4. If other receptors are found to be important for viral pathogenesis, then the classification scheme that we have proposed can be modified to take these new findings into account.
The authors thank Satish Pillai and Brian Foley for carefully reviewing.
Strain Proposed Primary Other Designationc Receptord Receptorse References Accessiona Clade Tropismb DJ258 L22939 A NSI R5 CCR5 Trkola97 92RW026 NA A NSI R5 CCR5 Trkola97 93KE101 NA A NSI R5 CCR5 Zhang96 93IN103 NA A NSI R5 CCR5 Zhang96 92UG037-8 U51190 A NSI R5 CCR5 CCR8* Bjorndal97,Rucker97 92RW020-5 U08794 A NSI R5 CCR5 Rucker97 92UG31 L34667 A NSI R5 CCR5 Dittmar97 92RW20 U08794 A NSI R5 CCR5 Dittmar97 92UG029 NA A SI X4 CXCR4 Trkola97 92RW009 U88823 A SI R5X4 CXCR4, CCR5 Zhang96 JR-FL U63632 B NSI R5 CCR5 CCR3 Deng97,Farzan97,Rucker97 JR-CSF M38429 B NSI R5 CCR5 Simmons96,Trkola97,Zhang96 SF162 M65024 B NSI R5 CCR5 STRL33* Liao97,Rucker97 YU2 M93258 B NSI R5 CCR5 CCR3, GPR15 Choe96,Farzan97 ADA AF004394 B NSI R5 CCR5 CCR3, GPR15, Choe96,Farzan97,Rucker97 STRL33*, CCR8 Ba-L M68893 B NSI R5 CCR5 CCR3, STRL33* Deng97,Dragic96,Liao97,Rucker97 92US657 U04908 B NSI R5 CCR5 Trkola97 92US715.6 U08451 B NSI R5 CCR5 Bjorndal97 92Br20-4 U08797 B NSI R5 CCR5 Choe96,Rucker97 91US005.11U27434 B NSI R5 CCR5 Bjorndal97,Rucker97 SL-2 NA B NSI R5 CCR5 Simmons96 92TH014.12U08801 B NSI R5 CCR5 Bjorndal97 CM243 NA B NSI R5 CCR5 GPR15, STRL33 Rucker97 M23 NA B NSI R5 CCR5 Dittmar97 E80 NA B NSI R5 CCR5 Dittmar97 BR92 NA B NSI R5 CCR5 Dittmar97 BR49 NA B NSI R5 CCR5 Dittmar97 BR53 NA B NSI R5 CCR5 Dittmar97 BR90 NA B NSI R5 CCR5 Dittmar97 92HA593g U08444 B SI R5X4 CXCR4, CCR5 Zhang96 92HT593.1gU08444 B NSI R5X4 CXCR4, CCR5 Bjorndal97 2028 NA B SI R5X4 CXCR4, CCR5 CCR3 Dittmar97,Simmons96 2076 NA B SI R5X4 CXCR4, CCR5 Dittmar97,Simmons96,Trkola97 89.6 U39362 B SI R5X4 CXCR4, CCR5 CCR3, CCR2b, Farzan97,Rucker97 CCR8, V28 DH123 NA B SI R5X4 CXCR4, CCR5 Trkola97 Isolate NA B SI R5X4 CXCR4, CCR5 Trkola97 C 7/86 92HA594 U08445 B SI R5X4 CXCR4, CCR5 Zhang96 92HA596 U08446 B SI R5X4 CXCR4, CCR5 Zhang96 M13 NA B SI R5X4 CXCR4, CCR5 Simmons96 2006 NA B SI R5X4 CXCR4, CCR5 Simmons96 2044 NA B SI R5X4 CXCR4, CCR5 Simmons96 2036 NA B SI R5X4 CXCR4, CCR5 Simmons96 2005 NA B SI R5X4 CXCR4, CCR5 Simmons96 92HT599.24U08447 B SI X4 CXCR4 Bjorndal97 BK132 L03697 B SI X4 CXCR4 CCR3*, CCR8* Rucker97 BR65 NA B SI X4 CXCR4 Dittmar97 HC4 NA B SI X4 CXCR4 Trkola97 SF2 K02007 B SI/TCLA R5X4 CXCR4, CCR5 Trkola97 RF M17451 B SI/TCLA R5X4 CXCR4, CCR5 Alkhatib96,Deng97,Rucker97 NL 4-3 M19921 B SI/TCLA X4 CXCR4 Trkola97,Zhang96 LAI X01762 B SI/TCLA X4 CXCR4 Trkola97 HXBc2 K03455 B SI/TCLA X4 CXCR4 Choe96 GUN-1 D34590 B SI/TCLA R5X4 CXCR4, CCR5 Simmons96 BH8 K02011 B SI/TCLA X4 CXCR4 CCR3*, STRL33* Rucker97 92ZW101 NA C NSI R5 CCR5 Zhang96 92BR025.9 U52953 C NSI R5 CCR5 Bjorndal97,Dittmar97 BR28 NA C NSI R5 CCR5 Dittmar97 93MW965.26U08455 C NSI R5 CCR5 Bjorndal97 BR70 NA C NSI R5 CCR5 Dittmar97 JW1 NA C NSI R5 CCR5 Dittmar97 JW4 NA C NSI R5 CCR5 Dittmar97 92ZW102 NA C NSI R5 CCR5 Zhang96 DJ259 L22940 C NSI R5 CCR5 Trkola97 94ZW103 NA C NSI R5 CCR5 Trkola97 94ZW109 NA C NSI R5 CCR5 Trkola97 92ZW106 NA C SI X4 CXCR4 Zhang96 ZAM20 L22956 C SI X4 CXCR4 Trkola97 94ZW106 NA C SI X4 CXCR4 Trkola97 94KE102 NA D NSI R5 CCR5 Trkola97,Zhang96 94KE103 NA D NSI R5 CCR5 Trkola97,Zhang96 92UG046 U08737 D SI X4 CXCR4 Trkola97 UG270 NA D SI X4 CXCR4 Trkola97 92UG024.2 U08726 D SI X4 CXCR4 CCR8*, V28*, Bjorndal97,Rucker97,Trkola97 CCR3f 92UG021.16U27399 D SI X4 CXCR4 Bjorndal97 JW5 NA D SI X4 CXCR4 Dittmar97 NDK M27323 D SI X4 CXCR4 GPR15 Deng97,Pleskoff97b 93ZR001.3 U27419 D NA X4 CXCR4 V28* Rucker97 CM235 NA E NSI R5 CCR5 Trkola97 92TH001 NA E NSI R5 CCR5 Trkola97 M53 NA E NSI R5 CCR5 Dittmar97 92TH22 U09131 E NSI R5 CCR5 Dittmar97 92TH23 NA E NSI R5 CCR5 Dittmar97 C2 NA E NSI R5 CCR5 Dittmar97 93TH305 NA E NSI R5 CCR5 Zhang96 93TH307 NA E NSI R5 CCR5 Zhang96 93TH966.8 U08456 E NSI R5 CCR5 Bjorndal97 93TH976.17U08458 E NA R5 CCR5 Bjorndal97 93TH304 NA E SI R5X4 CXCR4, CCR5 Zhang96 SL6 NA E SI X4 CXCR4 Dittmar97 SL7 NA E SI X4 CXCR4 Dittmar97 SL8 NA E SI X4 CXCR4 Dittmar97 94TH304 NA E SI X4 CXCR4 Trkola97 BR58 NA F SI R5X4 CXCR4, CCR5 CCR3 Dittmar97 BZ162 L22084 F NSI R5 CCR5 Trkola97 R1 NA F NSI R5 CCR5 Trkola97 93BR029.2 U27413 F NA R5 CCR5 Rucker97 92UG975.10U27426 G NSI R5 CCR5 Bjorndal97 CA9 NA O NSI R5 CCR5 Zhang96 MVP5180 L20571 O SI R5X4 CXCR4, CCR5 Zhang96
1. [Alkhatib etal.(1996)] G.Alkhatib, C.Combadiere, C.C. Broder, Y.Feng, P.E. Kennedy, P.M. Murphy, E.A. Berger. CC CKR5: a RANTES, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta receptor as a fusion cofactor for macrophage-tropic HIV-1. Science 272: 1955-8, 1996.
2. [Balotta etal.(1997)] C.Balotta, P.Bagnarelli, M.Violin, A.L. Ridolfo, D.Zhou, A.Berlusconi, S.Corvasce, M.Corbellino, M.Clementi, M.Clerici, M.Moroni, M.Galli. Homozygous delta 32 deletion of the CCR-5 chemokine receptor gene in an HIV-1-infected patient. AIDS 11: F67-71, 1997.
3. [Berger(1997)] E.A.Berger. HIV-1 entry and tropism: the chemokine receptor connection. AIDS 11 (supplement A):
4. [Berger etal.(1997)]: E.A. Berger, R.W. Doms, E.-M. Fenyo, B.T.M. Korber, D.R. Littman, J.P. Moore, Q.J. Sattentau, H.Schuitmaker, J.Sodroski, R.A. Weiss HIV-1: phenotypes classified by coreceptor usage. Nature: In press: , 1997.
5. [Biti etal.(1997)]: Biti97: R.Biti, R.Ffrench, J.Young, B.Bennetts, G.Stewart, T.Liang HIV-1: infection in an individual homozygous for the CCR5 deletion allele (letter; comment). Nat Med: 3: 252-3, 1997.
6. [Bjorndal etal.(1997)]: Bjorndal97: A.Bjorndal, H.Deng, M.Jansson, J.R. Fiore, C.Colognesi, A.Karlsson, J.Albert, G.Scarlatti, D.R. Littman, E.M. Fenyo. Coreceptor usage of primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates varies according to biological phenotype. J Virol: 71: 7478-87, 1997.
7. [Brelot etal.(1997)]: Brelot97: A.Brelot, N.Heveker, O.Pleskoff, N.Sol, M.Alizon. Role of the first and third extracellular domains of CXCR-4 in human immunodeficiency virus coreceptor activity. J Virol: 71: 4744-51, 1997.
8. [Broder Collman(1997)]: Broder97:
C.C. Broder R.G. Collman.
Chemokine receptors and : HIV.:
J Leukoc Biol: 62: 20-9, 1997.
9. [Choe etal.(1996)]: Choe96:
H.Choe, M.Farzan, Y.Sun, N.Sullivan, B.Rollins, P.D. Ponath, L.Wu, C.R.
Mackay, G LaRosa, W.Newman, N.Gerard, C.Gerard, J.Sodroski.
The beta-chemokine receptors CCR3 and CCR5 facilitate infection
by primary HIV-1 isolates.
Cell: 85: 1135-48, 1996.
10. [Collman etal.(1992)] Collman92
R.Collman, J.W. Balliet, S.A. Gregory, H.Friedman, D.L. Kolson,
N.Nathanson, A.Srinivasan.
An infectious molecular clone of an unusual macrophage-tropic and
highly cytopathic strain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
J Virol: 66: 7517-21, 1992.
11. [Connor etal.(1993)] Connor93
R.I. Connor, H.Mohri, Y.Cao, D.D. Ho.
Increased viral burden and cytopathicity correlate temporally with
CD4+ T-lymphocyte decline and clinical progression in human
immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected individuals.
J Virol: 67: 1772-7, 1993.
12. [Dean etal.(1996)]: Dean96:
M.Dean, M.Carrington, C.Winkler, G.A. Huttley, M.W. Smith, R.Allikmets,
J.J. Goedert, S.P. Buchbinder, E.Vittinghoff, E.Gomperts, S.Donfield,
D.Vlahov, R.Kaslow, A.Saah, C.Rinaldo, R.Detels, S.J. O'Brien,
Genetic restriction of HIV-1 infection and progression to AIDS by
a deletion allele of the CKR5 structural gene. Hemophilia Growth and
Development Study, Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, Multicenter
Hemophilia Cohort Study, San Francisco City Cohort, ALIVE
Study (see comments) (published erratum appears in Science 1996 Nov 15;274(5290):1069).
Science: 273: 1856-62, 1996.
13. [Deng etal.(1997)]: Deng97:
H.K. Deng, D.Unutmaz, V.N. KewalRamani , D.R. Littman.
Expression cloning of new receptors used by simian and human
immunodeficiency viruses (see comments).
Nature: 388: 296-300, 1997.
14. [Dittmar etal.(1997)]: Dittmar97
M.T. Dittmar, G.Simmons, S.Hibbitts, M. O'Hare , S.Louisirirotchanakul,
S.Beddows, J.Weber, P.R. Clapham, R.A. Weiss.
Langerhans cell tropism of human immunodeficiency virus type 1
subtype A through F isolates derived from different transmission groups.
J Virol: 71: 8008-13, 1997.
15. [Doms Peiper(1997)]: Doms97:
R.W. Doms S.C. Peiper.
Unwelcomed guests with master keys how HIV uses chemokine
receptors for cellular entry.
Virology: 235: 179-90, 1997.
16. [Doranz etal.(1996)]: Doranz96:
B.J. Doranz, J.Rucker, Y.Yi, R.J. Smyth, M.Samson, S.C. Peiper,
M.Parmentier, R.G. Collman, R.W. Doms.
A dual-tropic primary HIV-1 isolate that uses fusin and the beta-
chemokine receptors CKR-5,: : CKR-3, and CKR-2b: as fusion cofactors.
Cell: 85: 1149-58, 1996.
17. [Dragic etal.(1996)]: Dragic96
T.Dragic, V.Litwin, G.P. Allaway, S.R. Martin, Y.Huang, K.A. Nagashima,
C.Cayanan, P.J. Maddon, R.A. Koup, J.P. Moore, W.A. Paxton.
HIV-1 entry into CD4+ cells is mediated by the chemokine receptor
CC- CKR-5 (see comments).
Nature: 381: 667-73, 1996.
18. [Edinger etal.(1997)] Edinger97
A.L. Edinger, J.L. Mankowski, B.J. Doranz, B.J. Margulies, B.Lee,
J.Rucker, M.Sharron, T.L. Hoffman, J.F. Berson, M.C. Zink, V.M. Hirsch,
J.E. Clements, R.W. Doms.
CD4-independent , CCR5-dependent infection of brain capillary
endothelial cells by neurovirulent SIV .
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA: In press: 1997.
19. [Endres etal.(1996)]: Endres96:
M.J. Endres, P.R. Clapham, M.Marsh, M.Ahuja, J.D. Turner, A. McKnight: ,
J.F. Thomas, B. Stoebenau-Haggarty: , S.Choe, P.J. Vance, T.N. Wells,
C.A. Power, S.S. Sutterwala, R.W. Doms, N.R. Landau, J.A. Hoxie.
CD4-independent infection by HIV-2: is mediated by fusin/CXCR4.
Cell: 87 745-56, 1996.
20. [Farzan etal.(1997)]: Farzan97:
M.Farzan, H.Choe, K.Martin, L.Marcon, W.Hofmann, G.Karlsson, Y.Sun,
P.Barrett, N.Marchand, N.Sullivan, N.Gerard, C.Gerard, J.Sodroski.
Two orphan seven-transmembrane segment receptors which are expressed
in : CD4-positive: cells support simian immunodeficiency virus infection.
J Exp Med. 186 405-11, 1997.
21. [Feng etal.(1996)] Feng96
Y.Feng, C.C. Broder, P.E. Kennedy, E.A. Berger.
HIV-1 entry cofactor functional cDNA: cloning of a
seven-transmembrane, G protein-coupled receptor (see comments).
Science: 272: 872-7, 1996.
22. [Fenyo etal.(1988)] Fenyo88
E.M. Fenyo, L. Morfeldt-Manson , F.Chiodi, B.Lind, G.von A., J.Albert,
E.Olausson, B.Asjo.
Distinct replicative and cytopathic characteristics of human
immunodeficiency virus isolates.
J Virol: 62: 4414-9, 1988.
23. [Fouchier etal.(1992)] Fouchier92
R.A. Fouchier, M.Groenink, N.A. Kootstra, M.Tersmette, H.G. Huisman,
F.Miedema, H.Schuitemaker.
Phenotype-associated sequence variation in the third variable domain
of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 molecule.
J Virol: 66: 3183-7, 1992.
24. [He etal.(1997)] He97:
J.He, Y.Chen, M.Farzan, H.Choe, A.Ohagen, S.Gartner, J.Busciglio,
X.Yang, W.Hofmann, W.Newman, C.R. Mackay, J.Sodroski, D.Gabuzda.
CCR3 and CCR5 are co-receptors for : HIV-1: infection of
Nature: 385: 645-9, 1997.
25. [J. etal.(1992)] DeJong92
d.J. J., J.Goudsmit, W.Keulen, B.Klaver, W.Krone, M.Tersmette, d.A.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 clones chimeric for the envelope
V3 domain differ in syncytium formation and replication capacity.
J Virol: 66: 757-65, 1992.
26. [Kozak etal.(1997)] Kozak97
S.L. Kozak, E.J. Platt, N.Madani, F.E.F. Jr, K.Peden, D.Kabat.
CD4, CXCR-4, and CCR-5 dependencies for infections by primary
patient and laboratory-adapted isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type
J Virol: 71: 873-82, 1997.
27. [Liao etal.(1997)] Liao97
F.Liao, G.Alkhatib, K.W. Peden, G.Sharma, E.A. Berger, J.M. Farber.
STRL33, A novel chemokine receptor-like protein, functions as a
fusion cofactor for both macrophage-tropic and T cell line-tropic HIV-1.
J Exp Med: 185: 2015-23, 1997.
28. [Liu etal.(1996)] Liu96
R.Liu, W.A. Paxton, S.Choe, D.Ceradini, S.R. Martin, R.Horuk, M.E.
MacDonald , H.Stuhlmann, R.A. Koup, N.R. Landau.
Homozygous defect in HIV-1 coreceptor accounts for resistance of
some multiply-exposed individuals to HIV-1 infection.
Cell: 86: 367-77, 1996.
29. [Lu etal.(1997)] Lu97
Z.Lu, J.F. Berson, Y.Chen, J.D. Turner, T.Zhang, M.Sharron, M.H. Jenks,
Z.Wang, J.Kim, J.Rucker, J.A. Hoxie, S.C. Peiper, R.W. Doms.
Evolution of HIV-1: coreceptor usage through interactions with
distinct CCR5 and CXCR4 domains.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A: 94: 6426-31, 1997.
30. [Michael etal.(1997)] Michael97
N.L. Michael, G.Chang, L.G. Louie, J.R. Mascola, D.Dondero, D.L. Birx,
H.W. Sheppard.
The role of viral phenotype and : CCR-5: gene defects in HIV-1
transmission and disease progression.
Nat Med: 3: 338-40, 1997.
31. [Moore(1997)] Moore97
J.P. Moore.
Coreceptors implications for HIV pathogenesis and therapy.
Science: 276: 51-2, 1997.
32. [: O'Brien: etal.(1997)] OBrien97
T.R. O'Brien , C.Winkler, M.Dean, J.A. Nelson, M.Carrington, N.L.
Michael, G.C.W. 2nd.
HIV-1 infection in a man homozygous for : CCR5: delta 32 (letter).
Lancet: 349: 1219, 1997.
33. [Pleskoff etal.(1997a)] Pleskoff97b
O.Pleskoff, N.Sol, B.Labrosse, M.Alizon.
Human immunodeficiency virus strains differ in their ability to
infect CD4+ cells expressing the rat homolog of CXCR-4 (fusin).
J Virol: 71: 3259-62, 1997a.
34. [Pleskoff etal.(1997b)] Pleskoff97a
O.Pleskoff, C.Treboute, A.Brelot, N.Heveker, M.Seman, M.Alizon.
Identification of a chemokine receptor encoded by human
cytomegalovirus as a cofactor for : HIV-1: entry (see comments).
Science: 276: 1874-8, 1997b.
35. [Rana etal.(1997)] Rana97
S.Rana, G.Besson, D.G. Cook, J.Rucker, R.J. Smyth, Y.Yi, J.D. Turner,
H.H. Guo, J.G. Du, S.C. Peiper, E.Lavi, M.Samson, F.Libert,
C.Liesnard, G.Vassart, R.W. Doms, M.Parmentier, R.G. Collman.
Role of CCR5 in infection of primary macrophages and lymphocytes by
macrophage-tropic strains of human immunodeficiency virus: resistance to
patient-derived and prototype isolates resulting from the delta ccr5
J Virol: 71: 3219-27, 1997.
36. [Reeves etal.(1997)] Reeves97
J.D. Reeves, A.: McKnight , S.Potempa, G.Simmons, P.W. Gray, C.A. Power,
T.Wells, R.A. Weiss, S.J. Talbot.
CD4-independent infection by : HIV-2: (ROD/B) use of the
7-transmembrane receptors CXCR-4, CCR-3, and V28 for entry.
Virology: 231: 130-4, 1997.
37. [Roos etal.(1992)] Roos92
M.T. Roos, J.M. Lange, d.R. E., R.A. Coutinho, P.T. Schellekens,
F.Miedema, M.Tersmette.
Viral phenotype and immune response in primary human immunodeficiency
virus type 1 infection.
J Infect Dis: 165: 427-32, 1992.
38. [Rucker etal.(1997)] Rucker97
J.Rucker, A.L. Edinger, M.Sharron, M.Samson, B.Lee, J.F. Berson, Y.Yi,
B.Margulies, R.G. Collman, B.J. Doranz, M.Parmentier, R.W. Doms.
Utilization of chemokine receptors, orphan receptors, and herpesvirus
encoded receptors by diverse human and simian immunodeficiency viruses.
J Virol: 71: 8999-9007, 1997.
39. [Samson etal.(1997)] Samson97
M.Samson, A.L. Edinger, S.P., J.Rucker, V.Verhasselt, M.Sharron,
C.Govaerts, C.Mollereau, G.Vassart, R.W. Doms, M.Parmentier.
ChemR23: , a putative chemoattractant receptor, is expressed in
dendritic cells and is a coreceptor for SIV and some primary HIV-1
strains. Submitted: 1997.
40. [Samson etal.(1996)] Samson96
M.Samson, F.Libert, B.J. Doranz, J.Rucker, C.Liesnard, C.M. Farber,
S.Saragosti, C.Lapoumeroulie, J.Cognaux, C.Forceille, G.Muyldermans,
C.Verhofstede, G.Burtonboy, M.Georges, T.Imai, S.Rana, Y.Yi, R.J.
Smyth, R.G. Collman, R.W. Doms, G.Vassart, M.Parmentier.
Resistance to HIV-1 infection in Caucasian individuals bearing
mutant alleles of the CCR-5 chemokine receptor gene (see comments).
Nature: 382: 722-5, 1996.
41. [Schuitemaker etal.(1992)] Schuitemaker92
H.Schuitemaker, M.Koot, N.A. Kootstra, M.W. Dercksen, d.R. E., S.van
R.P., J.M. Lange, J.K. Schattenkerk, F.Miedema, M.Tersmette.
Biological phenotype of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 clones at
different stages of infection: progression of disease is associated with a
shift from monocytotropic to : T-cell-tropic: virus population.
J Virol: 66: 1354-60, 1992.
42. [Simmons etal.(1996)] Simmons96
G.Simmons, D.Wilkinson, J.D. Reeves, M.T. Dittmar, S.Beddows, J.Weber,
G.Carnegie, U.Desselberger, P.W. Gray, R.A. Weiss, P.R. Clapham.
Primary, syncytium-inducing human immunodeficiency virus type 1
isolates are dual-tropic and most can use either Lestr or CCR5 as
coreceptors for virus entry.
J Virol: 70: 8355-60, 1996.
43. [Tersmette etal.(1988)] Tersmette88
M.Tersmette, d.R. E., B.J. Al, I.N. Winkel, R.A. Gruters, H.T. Cuypers,
H.G. Huisman, F.Miedema.
Differential syncytium-inducing capacity of human immunodeficiency
virus isolates frequent detection of syncytium-inducing isolates in patients
with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS- related complex.
J Virol: 62: 2026-32, 1988.
44. [Tersmette etal.(1989)] Tersmette89
M.Tersmette, J.M. Lange, d.R. E., W.F., J.K. Eeftink-Schattenkerk , P.T.
Schellekens, R.A. Coutinho, J.G. Huisman, J.Goudsmit, F.Miedema.
Association between biological properties of human immunodeficiency
virus variants and risk for AIDS and AIDS mortality.
Lancet: 1: 983-5, 1989.
45. [Theodorou etal.(1997)] Theodorou97
I.Theodorou, L.Meyer, M.Magierowska, C.Katlama, C.Rouzioux.
HIV-1 infection in an individual homozygous for CCR5 delta 32.
Seroco Study Group (letter).
Lancet: 349: 1219-20, 1997.
46. [Trkola etal.(1996)] Trkola96
A.Trkola, T.Dragic, J.Arthos, J.M. Binley, W.C. Olson, G.P. Allaway,
C. Cheng-Mayer , J.Robinson, P.J. Maddon, J.P. Moore.
CD4-dependent, antibody-sensitive interactions between HIV-1 and
its co- receptor CCR-5 (see comments).
Nature: 384: 184-7, 1996.
47. [Trkola etal.(1997)] Trkola97
A.Trkola, W.A. Paxton, S.P. Monard, J.A. Hoxie, M.A. Siani, D.A.
Thompson, L.Wu, C.R. Mackay, R.Horuk, , J.P. Moore.
Genetic subtype-independent inhibition of human immunodeficiency
virus type 1 replication by CC and CXC-chemokines . Submitted: 1997.
48. [Wu etal.(1996)] Wu96
L.Wu, N.P. Gerard, R.Wyatt, H.Choe, C.Parolin, N.Ruffing, A.Borsetti,
A.A. Cardoso, E.Desjardin, W.Newman, C.Gerard, J.Sodroski.
CD4-induced interaction of primary HIV-1 gp120 glycoproteins with
the chemokine receptor CCR-5 (see comments).
Nature: 384: 179-83, 1996.
49. [Yi etal.(1998)] Yi98
Y.Yi, J.D. Turner, N.Gaddis, R.G. Collman.
Cxcr4 is expressed by primary macrophages and supports
ccr5-independent infection by dual-tropic but not t-tropic isolates of HIV-1.
J Virol: Submitted: 1998.


text:
Home | About WTO | News & events | Trade topics | WTO membership | Documents & resources | External relations
Contact us | Site map | A-Z | Search
español français
home > trade topics > development > special events > seminar > programme & presentations
DEVELOPMENT: PROGRAMME AND PRESENTATIONS Programme and presentations for the seminar on revenue implications of e-commerce
The seminar was organized on April 22, 2002 under the auspices of the WTO Committee on Trade and Development. The proceedings are intended to serve as an input into the Committee's consideration of the issue of electronic commerce as part of the overall WTO Work Programme.
> Guide to downloading files.
Chair: Ambassador Mary Whelan, Ireland > Download Oral Report by the Chairperson of the seminar, Word format, 30KB
10:00-11:00 First Session: Trends in e-commerce back to top
Statistics on the evolution of e-commerce
Recent developments and forecasts
Panelist: - Mrs. Julie Meringer, Group Director, European Research and Managing Director UK, Forrester Research. > Download E-Commerce Next Wave: Productivity and Innovation, powerpoint presentation, 883KB
11:00-12:00 Second Session: Revenue effects of e-commerce and the underlying information technology back to top
Panelist: Mr. Walter Hellerstein, Francis Shackelford Professor of Taxation - University of Georgia Law School, United States > Download Electronic Commerce and the Challenge for Tax Administration, powerpoint presentation, 89KB > Download Electronic commerce and the challenge for tax administration, Word format, 92KB
Development Dimension
Panelist: Dr. Susanne Teltscher, Economic Affairs Officer, E-Commerce Branch, UNCTAD > Download Revenue Implications of E-Commerce: The Development Dimension, powerpoint presentation, 842KB
12:00-13:00 Third Session: Fiscal implications of e-commerce: A WTO perspective back to top
Panelist: Mrs. Lee Tuthill, Counsellor, Trade in Services Division, WTO > Download WTO implications of classification issues, powerpoint presentation, 291KB
15.00-16.30 Fourth Session: Government and Private Sector Experiences back to top
Panelists: - Mr. Arthur Kerrigan, Head of Sector, International Services, Electronic Commerce and Financial Services, Directorate-General for Taxation and the Customs Union, European Communities
> The 1999 seminar report


text:
Houston Fire Chief Decides to Stay Put
Houston Fire Chief Terry Garrison has decided not to turn in his white helmet afterall.
He's changed his mind, and won't step aside as originally planned, Mayor Annise Parker announced Tuesday.
When he announced his plans to leave, Garrison said he wanted to be closer to his infant grandchild who was suffering from a medical condition in Phoenix.
"We initially felt Phoenix was the best place logistically to care for our grandson. However, shortly after submitting my resignation, there was a major change in his health care needs that makes Houston and the Texas Medical Center our best hope in moving Jack's health in a positive direction," said Chief Garrison in his letter to HFD members. "I look forward to continuing as Fire Chief of this great city and I am comforted knowing that my family will be embraced in the same manner."
The mayor is pleased the chief is staying, and said in a statement: "Chief Garrison has made great strides for our fire department, and while I know of his family's hardships, I welcome his decision to stay in Houston to keep that momentum going.. His family will have access to the best resources in the medical field, and that is part of what makes our city great."


text:
Citation: Paradise J (2005) Call for Biohistory Guidelines. PLoS Med 2(6): e192. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0020192
Published: June 28, 2005
Copyright: © 2005 Jordan Paradise. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Competing interests: The author has declared that no competing interests exist.
I am writing in response to an essay published in the most recent issue of PLoS Medicine by Deborah Hayden, entitled "Alas, Poor Yorick: Digging Up the Dead to Make Medical Diagnoses" [1]. As a co-author of the Science piece with Lori B. Andrews that Hayden references, I am troubled by her comment on our article. Nowhere in that article, "Ethics. Constructing Ethical Guidelines for Biohistory" [2], do we suggest that genetic testing be done on deceased individuals for historically significant questions. In fact, we specifically highlight some of the ethical, legal, social, and scientific issues that such testing raises and recommend that guidelines be developed in order to monitor current research that is being undertaken in this area. The article does not advocate biohistorical research. This distinction is very important and one that is quite evident upon a careful reading of our article.


text:
Data about the village of Santa Reparata
The village of Santa Reparata is 4,70 kilometers far from the same town of Civitella del Tronto to whom it belongs.
To the municipality of Civitella del Tronto also belong the localities of Bivio Risteccio (2,18 km), Borrano (3,22 km), Carosi (3,99 km), Cerqueto (6,63 km), Cerqueto del Tronto (2,44 km), Collebigliano (5,48 km), Collevirtu' (6,33 km), Cornacchiano (4,76 km), Favale (7,91 km), Fucignano (2,92 km), Gabbiano (7,90 km), Gabiano (8,01 km), Garrufo (9,77 km), Le Casette (5,96 km), Lempa (4,53 km), Lucignano (7,54 km), Pagliericcio (4,91 km), Palazzese (7,02 km), Palazzesi (7,19 km), Passo (2,29 km), Piano Risteccio (2,81 km), Piano San Pietro (6,74 km), Ponzano (3,91 km), Ripe (4,32 km), Ripe Civitella del Tronto (-- km), Rocca Ceppino (2,76 km), Rocca Ischiano (3,27 km), Rocca San Nicola (2,74 km), Rocche (2,22 km), Rocche di Civitella (2,27 km), Sant'Andrea (0,90 km), Sant'Eurosia (4,36 km), Tavolaccio (5,01 km), Valle Sant'Angelo (3,74 km), Villa Favale (-- km), Villa Lempa (3,62 km), Villa Passo (2,25 km)
The number in parentheses following each village name indicate the distance between the same village and the municipality of Civitella del Tronto.
The locality of Santa Reparata rises 332 meters abobe sea level.
The population of Santa Reparata counts 127 inhabitants.
Please find in what follows:- A set of photos about Santa Reparata (when available)
- Weather and weather forecast for the municipality of Civitella del Tronto, to whom Santa Reparata belongs.
- Map and road map of Santa Reparata
- A selection of videos about Santa Reparata
- The latest news about Santa Reparata, the municipality of Civitella del Tronto, the province of Teramo and the Abruzzo region.


text:
NOTE: This is a PAL-format tape and will not play in most American NTSC VCRs.
The instructor of this 50-minute yoga session is Sue Walker, Australian National Aerobic Team champion and "Yogafit" expert.
The session starts with standing poses and moves on to the floor and seated poses. First we do mountain pose and then tree pose, which is good for improving balance. Some of the poses are quite strenuous, such as warrior pose and triangle pose. In between the standing poses you return to mountain pose. There are also some nice stretches, such as cat pose and frog pose, and some spinal rotations. The session ends with breathing practice, followed by a short, seated relaxation and some neck stretches. The instructor shows the advanced version of the poses, and the two women with her demonstrate the beginner and intermediate versions, making this a tape you can grow with. She does not mirror cue, which some people might find annoying or confusing. (I mirror her moves.)
She encourages you to go at your own pace, and to link movement with breath, not worrying if you find you are not moving at the same rate as she is because not everyone breathes at the same rate.
The music is quiet and new agey.
The only complaint I have about this tape is the rather spartan setting. The three women are in a white studio, with some fitness equipment behind them and some large posters of stills from other Aussie Fit videos. I would have much preferred something outdoors (there must be somewhere nice - this is Australia!) or at least a serene studio with artsy drapes and that sort of stuff. Nevertheless, this tape still gets a thumbs-up from me!
Instructor comments: Sue Walker is very encouraging, reminding us to go at our pace and not force anything. She instructs well, giving tips which help you feel the pose better, and she gives frequent reminders about posture. She takes a down-to-earth, Western approach to yoga.
Glynis van Uden firstname.lastname@example.com 13 May 2001


text:
Video: Ecosystem Restoration in the Heart of LA
Video by Mary Cochran
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers manages 12,000 miles of waterways across the country. As the nation's environmental engineer, USACE works to find a balance between human, economic and natural systems. Mary Cochran Smith takes us to the golden state where a flood control project is being transformed into an urban retreat. Also available in high definition. More information at www.spl.usace.army.mil.
Web Views
High-Res. Downloads
Podcast Hits
This work, Ecosystem Restoration in the Heart of LA, by Mary Cochran, identified by DVIDS, is free of known copyright restrictions under U.S. copyright law.


text:
Skatepark searches for facelift One-time cutting-edge park hopes to regain former glory by Will Sands
Sidebar: A look inside the plan
It's been criticized as being too small, too crowded and having too little variety, and beginning this week, more than $300,000 is being infused into the Durango Skatepark. But when the work is complete, drainage and parking will be improved, but none of the recreational features of the park will have changed. However, city officials, local skaters and a skate park architect are hoping that next year, the once legendary park will be expanded, placing it once again at the top of its game.
The Durango Skatepark broke new ground in 1996, not only in the space off of Roosa Ave. and adjacent to the Animas River, but throughout the state. At the time, the local park represented the first facility in Colorado to be subsidized and created by a municipality. Local skater Pete Sakadinsky designed the park on a "bar napkin" and worked with the city to bring about its construction. He credits the city of Durango for bringing it to fruition.
"Historically, there should be a big kudos to the city for bucking up and doing this," he said. "At the time, skateboarding was a crime. Durango set precedence statewide and nationally for throwing money at this thing and figuring out how to handle the liability."
Sakadinsky continued, "There are over a hundred skateparks in Colorado that have been based on this boilerplate."
While he praises these past efforts and the park, Sakadinsky, who still skates today at age 33, said it's high time for an upgrade. "The first park was really a band-aid," he said. "Now that we've proven it can be successful, the city really needs to up the ante."
Speaking to the need for improvements, Sakadinsky added: "How often do you drive by empty tennis courts or ballfields? Regardless of the weather, there is someone at that skatepark every day of the year."
Stew Raffalo is another local skater in his early 30s who has been involved with the park since its creation. Like Sakadinsky, Raffalo said it's beyond time for an upgrade. "Durango is nowhere near the top of the list in terms of destination skateparks anymore," he said.
Raffalo added that not only is the park outdated, it has had problems since it was first constructed. "Parks are built better now," he said. "The contractor who was in charge really had no idea about the parts of the park that had to be skateboard specific. The park became obsolete in too short a time, really."
Sakadinsky concurred that the park has problems. However, he said that the realities of the mid-1990s were not conducive to skatepark construction.
"The specs are a little off," he said. "The bowls are a little shallower and a little slower than they should be, and there's been a lot of criticism on the deal. But that's fine. We went from design to completion in six months."
Regardless of the past, the city is in agreement that the clover-shaped, pool-style skatepark needs a serious facelift, said Cathy Metz, director of parks and recreation and the person Sakadinsky credits most with creating the park in the first place. Over the past couple years, the city has met with local skaters in an effort to address the community's changing needs.
"It was a great start, and I think people have generally been happy with it," she said. "But what we've heard is that skaters would like a larger park with more versatile challenges for all skill levels."
To this end, the city contracted with Scottsdale, Ariz.'s Academy Skatepark Design to come up with an addition, and those plans were completed last summer. Beginning this week, the city also began addressing some of the park's other problems. While drainage and parking fixes will have little to do with the skating experience, Metz said that they are necessary expenditures. To the tune of $338,250, drainage spilling off Roosa Avenue will be culverted and sent to the Animas underground, and the potholed and muddy parking lot will be paved.
For this summer, Parks and Recreation has tentatively budgeted $378,000 to make Academy Skatepark's design a reality. Whether the City Council will allocate that sum to a park that originally cost $90,000 will be determined this fall.
Raffalo said that the proposed design looks good, and if everything comes together, Durango will again have a nationally renowned park. "The possibility's there that this will be a destination park and attract a bunch of people from all over," he said.
However, he stressed that things must be done properly. "Hopefully, with the right layout and design and work carried out by the right contractor, we should be looking good for the future," he said. "I'd like to see the whole process be meticulous with concentration on the details. I think the biggest problem with our current park was the city kind of winged it."
Meanwhile, heavy equipment is hard at work, alleviating the drainage problems. Whether similar machines will be working to expand the skatepark next year, hinges on the City Council and this fall's budget process.
HOME | NEWS | SECOND SECTION | OPINION | CLASSIFIEDS | SEARCH | CONTACT US | MEET MARKET | ARCHIVES ©Copyright 2002 The Durango Telegraph firstname.lastname@example.com
©Copyright 2002 The Durango Telegraph


text:
Voyage to the birthplace of Napoleon
Nestled on the southwest side of the French island of Corsica, the seaside capital of Ajaccio is best known as the birthplace of famed French emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. Yet there's a lot more to this charming Mediterranean city than its Napoleonic heritage. Stroll along cobblestone streets and colorful alleys to explore countless cafes and shops. Take in the Palais Fesch, from Botticelli to Bellini, it houses France's largest collection of Italian paintings outside the Louvre.
Venture at sunset to the Iles Sanguinaires (Blood Islands), named so to describe the color of the islands when the sun hits the rocks, or sample local delicacies such as figatellu and other charcuterie and cheeses among scenic mountains and beautiful beaches.
Featured Voyages
- Departing: April 18, 2017
- Starting at: $2,699.00 USD
- Port Fees: $111.32 USD
See Ajaccio's 16th century cathedral, dedicated to 'La Madonuccia', or Little Madonna, the city's patron saint. It houses the painting by Eugéne Delacroix, Virgin of the Sacred Heart.
Located to the right of the main entrance is Napoleon Bonaparte's baptismal font, where he was baptized in July of 1771.
Explore the house where Napoleon was born and raised. A plaque above the entrance signifies Napoleon's birth on August 15, 1769.
On display are family portraits, period furniture, and memorabilia.
Prunelli Gorges Tour
Prunelli Gorges Tour
Head to the mountains, learning about Corsican history, geography, and traditions.
Created by the Prunelli River and situated in the island's vast pine and beech forested mountains, the Gorges prove to be a completely different ecosystem to the sunny beaches of Ajaccio, a relatively short distance away.
About Land Discoveries + Book Now +Ajaccio, Corsica, France At a glance
- 1.08
- 1.32
- 0.72
- 1.39
- 67.59
- 3.29
- 16.57
- 1.41


text:
Video |
November 29, 2012
Pack Expo 2012: ISTA announces Responsible Packaging by Design Guide
Learn more about the Intl. Safe Transit Assn., its step-by-step process management standard for the design, testing, and qualification of responsible packaging that meets industry, consumer, and regulatory expectations.
Related Sponsored Content
44 Best Package Designs: 2015
Sign up to receive timely updates from our editors and download this e-book of our editors' selections for most innovative package designs of the past year.


text:
Packed Travel
By: Gustav Hoiland
Category: street
Aperture: | f/4 |
Focal Length: | 130mm |
Shutter: | 1/500 sec |
Camera: | Canon EOS 5D Mark III |
Window Seats
I've returned to the homeland, back to my second-floor Somerville perch. Now to days of editing/processing the buckets of images from the far South.
This is one quick grab from one of the bigger projects. People crammed into taxis, the cliche'd old American car taxis. But hopefully the curvaceous steel serves as but a stylized frame for the riders within.
Communal taxi travel was everywhere, but everywhere there also was plenty of other goodness. So that'll come too, eventually.
To my own bed.


text:
Product Details
B8220 Burda Style, T-Shirt
Extravagant wide shirt with large neckline and oversized shoulders (A) or long sleeves (B). The hem falls bell-shaped and is extended in the back.
All patterns with seam & hem allowances
Suggested Retail Price: $10.95Status: Available
Ships To: Worldwide
Envelope Back
No Recently Viewed Products


text:
"While the president does not weigh in on every single ballot measure in every state, the record is clear that the President has long opposed divisive and discriminatory efforts to deny rights and benefits to same sex couples," said Cameron French, his North Carolina campaign spokesman.This is good news, not just to the extent it helps defeat the amendment, but also because it signals a continuing evolution of President Obama's views on marriage equality. Yesterday, Sam Stein and Amanda Terkel reported on the push to add a plank to the Democratic Party platform supporting marriage equality. According to their report, Obama campaign officials and senior Democrats are concerned about such a plank and the implications that it would have given President Obama's stated opposition to marriage equality. According to the report, they've been pushing a cautious hurry up and wait approach rather than the throw it in reverse one, apparently hoping that the issue will just disappear rather than wanting to overtly oppose it."That's what the North Carolina ballot initiative would do – it would single out and discriminate against committed gay and lesbian couples – and that's why the President does not support it."
But as Greg Sargent and Joe Sudbay both argue, the issue is going to come to head in August no matter what. And given that reality, the question the Obama campaign and DNC officials should be weighing isn't whether the party platform can get out ahead of the president on marriage equality, it's whether the president (or his operatives) can afford to do anything that might get in the way of the party adopting a pro-equality plank.
Today's statement suggests that President Obama understands this. Obviously, he doesn't need to worry about a mad rush of gay activists to the Republican Party, but being on the right side of this issue boosts enthusiasm in a tough election year during which he needs an energized team.
Moreover, when President Obama makes moves—like his statement today—that bring him closer to supporting marriage equality and freedom, it is consistent with his political brand. I don't think anyone really believes he fundamentally opposes marriage equality, especially given the statement he made today. Obviously, he still hasn't completed his evolution, but at least he's going in the right direction. Heading the wrong way—and trying to block the marriage equality plank would be heading the wrong way—would seem like a cynical political calculation made out of fear.
Fortunately, if today's announcement is an indication of what's to come, that's not the direction he's heading. And this is one of those occasions where doing the right thing is also good politics. He might not have the power to make marriage equality the law of the land with the snap of his fingers, but you can be damn sure that supporting it would provoke a furious reaction from Republicans similar to the birth control debate, strengthening the hands of the right-wing Republicans like Rick Santorums and putting the G.O.P.'s anti-gay bigotry on full display for all to see. And when the public pulls back from the Republican Party in response, we'll all have a good laugh as they accuse President Obama of having trapped them. Yes, he'll have trapped them ... into saying what they really believe.


text: I get really excited about pistachios because they are my favorite nut! Not only do they taste good and are way fun to eat, they are also packed full of antioxidants, vitamins, minerals, and fiber. They are the best nuts around! Check this link out, How Do Pistachios Stack Up to Other Nuts?,and then go get yourself some pistachios!


text:
SKII Facial Treatment Mask
124 reviews
75% would repurchase
Package Quality: 4.0
Price: $$$$
Package Quality: 4.0
Price: $$$$
Age: 36-43
Skin: Combination, Fair, Not Sure
Hair: Blond, Other, Other
Eyes: Hazel
This is AMAZING! The only product and skincare line where I can see instant results and results that last with continuous use. I don`t often use these masks because they are so highly priced and also because I use the Facial Treatment Essence and Repair C serum and I don`t want to overload my skin with that much Pitera. But whenever I have a special occasion I use them before applying make-up and my skin looks like my fairy godmother just popped in for a visit. I just wish they were more reasonably priced, but for now I will keep buying in the duty free shops.
Age: 30-35
Skin: Combination, Other, Not Sure
Hair: Blond, Other, Other
Eyes: Blue
I have bought this mask in boxes of 10 for a few times now. I put this on once a week after extraction and exfoliation at night. I prefer to leave it on my face until it is almost dry (45mins to an hour, which is longer than recommended on the box) - once, I fell asleep with this on overnight which left my skin dry the next morning, so beware! I don't put any moisturiser on afterwards - I just rub the essence into my skin and go to bed. My face is soothed (gets rid of the redness from the extraction/exfoliation), moisturised and a little brighter the following few days. I tried using this twice a week, but found limited results, so will stick with once a week only. I like the gel consistency of the essence and that it doesn't clog my pores. Despite the price, I will continue using this mask indefinitely!
Age: 25-29
Skin: Combination, Fair, Not Sure
Hair: Brunette, Straight, Fine
Eyes: Brown
The Facial Treatment Mask from SK-ll is my favorite product from the line. The masks come in single use packets and are thick cotton masks drenched in Sk-ll's signature Pitera. I tend to use a mask at night after cleansing and I leave the mask on my skin for 15-30 minutes or until the mask is almost dry. When I remove the mask, I massage any excess into my skin and follow with my nighttime moisturizer.
The results from this mask are instantaneous. My skin is instantly hydrated, plumped, and glowing and the results last multiple days. Consequently, I usually use this mask a night or two before an important event to give my skin a nice healthy boost.
Because the masks are soaked in Pitera, there is always extra liquid in the packet. I always pour the excess liquid into a small container and use that under my moisturizer after he effects of the mask start to wear off.
The salespeople claim that the Facial Treatment Masks are just soaked in the Facial Treatment Essence, but I find the liquid in the masks is much more viscous than the Facial Treatment Essence which has the consistency of water. I WISH SK-ll would bottle whatever is used in these masks. I notice much better results from the liquid in here than I do the Facial Treatment Essence.
I'm not sure if I buy into SK-ll's claims that Pitera is the fountain of youth.. but I greatly prefer these masks to using a cream hydrating mask. Cream masks tend to make me break out and don't yield the lasting results I get from the Facial Treatment Masks. I've never had any issues with breakouts, redness or irritation from using these masks, even with my sensitive skin.
Each mask is about $13.50, and for the results I think they are definitely worth the money. If I could afford it, I would use 2-3 a week to keep my skin looking flawless. If you can't afford that, I still highly recommend purchasing this mask. Since it's individually packaged, they're great for special occasions without risk of contamination or diminishing results from being opened.
Age: 44-55
Skin: Sensitive, Olive, Warm
Hair: Black, Straight, Coarse
Eyes: Brown
I left it in the fridge for about 30 minutes first. Then I put it on my scrubbed face (Ole Henriksen) for another 30 minutes. The gooey, cold mask felt good for awhile but I'm impatient and generally hate masks. But at the end of 30 minutes, I have to say that my face seemed to have a bit more clarity, slightly more radiance, after I tissued off the excess and let it dry. Lines are still there, but the skin was smooth. I still put my usual moisturizer because my face felt a bit dry. I am considering buying it but use only once a month though it did scare my teenager when I was walking around the apt. But at almost half a century years of age, my skin probably need more pampering than before.
Age: 25-29
Skin: Normal, Fair-Medium, Neutral
Hair: Black, Straight, Medium
Eyes: Brown
I don't see any result from this mask, although I have been using it several times. Doesn't make my skin brighter, nor reduce fine lines. It's just a hydrating mask, which is definitely overpriced.
Age: 19-24
Skin: Combination, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Black, Straight, Medium
Eyes: Other
One of my favorite skin care brand is SK-II because their products truly delivers. I made a comparison video with this mask and the Shiseido white lucent brightening mask and when I used SK-II my skin was much brighter than using the Shiseido mask. I have before and after pictures of the results and in-depth review so please watch it if you are interested.
According to the Sephora site, this is a100 percent cotton mask drenches the skin with pitera's fusion of vitamin, amino acids, minerals, and organic acids, while working to revitalize, comfort, and provide intense hydration. It immediately replenishes dehydrated skin, leaving it refreshed and cool.
There is more serum inside the packaging than any other brands that I tried. I tried the Face Shop masks, My Dairy, and many miscellaneous masks from Korea and Japan. This Sk-II is my favorite because it does not break out my skin and my skin becomes a few shades brighter. After using this, my skin is well hydrated and it fades away any marks I have on my face. This is expensive but well worth it. It cost $90 for 6 masks but if you buy 10 masks it cost $125. Also this is a cloth mask and the mask is very high quality and thicker than any other masks I tried even thicker than the Shiseido mask.
This is how I use it: I keep the masks in the refrigerator so that when I use it on my face the cooling sensation reduces puffiness. I usually sleep with the mask on and I wake up with glowing skin. Also save the extra serum. Use it on your neck, or use on your face the next day.
The results also lasts for a week for me!
Age: 30-35
Skin: Sensitive, Fair-Medium, Warm
Hair: Brown, Wavy, Medium
Eyes: Brown
Am currently on my 3rd box of FTM and I have officially branded this my HG mask!
I usually pop the mask in the fridge for half an hour or so & use it after washing & toning. I have this belief that toning aids the absorption of the treatment serum from the mask hehe.
I found it annoying how massaging in the excess serum after taking the mask off leaves traces of dead skin cells all over my face/pyjamas but its really just a small issue.
Overtime, my pores have shrunk immensely & my skin does look brighter after every use. As much as I agree how the price is a bit harsh for my purse, I would still buy the FTM over & over again.
Age: 25-29
Skin: Acne-prone, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Black, Other, Other
Eyes: Brown
I have been using the essence for a few years and it has helped my skin a lot e.g bring down any inflammation etc. when I had a bad acne breakout I bought this mask . I feel that the essence works faster and more effectively on my skin compared to this mask . I left on the mask for a whole night , but I did not see much better results compared to using the essence .
Age: 30-35
Skin: Combination, Olive, Not Sure
Hair: Black, Other, Other
Eyes: Hazel
Didn't really see any benefit using this product. I got it part of a purchase for spending over a certain amount on SKii products at the Changi airport, 6 of them to be precise. Can't say anything for results. I expected something like a boost of radiance :(
Age: 25-29
Skin: Combination, Fair, Neutral
Hair: Black, Straight, Fine
Eyes: Brown
My favourite mask!! It's dripping with serum when you open it! The sheet is thicker than those of 'My Beauty Diary' and some others I've tried. It absorbs in very nicely and your skin feels very bright and plump after. They say brides to be in Asia use this everyday within the last 90 days before their weddings to get a beautiful glow. Will definitely repurchase even though it costs a pretty penny
Popular Masks
Video Reviews & Tutorials
?Shiseido vs SK- II Review w/ Before and After Pictures by Orange mint Pop


text:
- The Boreka Diary - http://www.theglobaljewishkitchen.com -
Individual Zucchini Frittatas
Posted By Linda Capeloto Sendowski On October 27, 2012 @ 9:28 PM In Appetizers,breakfast,Cookbook,Eggs,Fresh Produce,Sephardic,Shabbat,Shavuot,Vegetable | No Comments
Recently, at my dairy Sukkot party in October, I served this dish. I find that making things in an individual size is a wonderful format for a buffet party. Individual Frittatas bake quickly, freeze great, and reheat easily, so you can make them ahead. Using good cheese makes that wonderful sharp, savory, cheesy taste and baking them at a high heat produces a crisp edge to the frittatas. I recommend using heavy duty, non stick, and high quality muffin tins. The better muffin tins release easily and are easy to wash. This recipe will fill 2 to 2 and 1/2 muffin tins. To shoot the pictures on this past Friday I baked only a half recipe. [1]
Makes 24 to 30 mini frittatas
8 medium zucchini (about 1 inch in diameter and 6 to 8 inches long)
10 extra large eggs
12 ounces feta cheese, crumbled
1 cup grated Parmesano Reggiano cheese
4 ounces grated sharp cheddar
2 ounces grated Kasseri cheese
2/ 3 cup panko
2 1/ 2 tablespoons olive oil
Olive oil Spray
Heat oven to 400º F. Wash and dry zucchini and trim ends. Grate zucchini on large holed side of a box grater into a large strainer placed over a large mixing bowl. Let zucchini drip for a few moments while you grate and crumble cheeses. Remove strainer with zucchini from atop bowl. Dump any liquid that has collected in bowl under strainer. Place zucchini back into bowl you have just emptied.
Next, add eggs, cheeses, and panko to zucchini. Prepare muffin tins by adding a bit of oil (around 1/2 teaspoon) in bottom of each cup. Gently mix zucchini with cheese and eggs and then, scoop batter into prepared muffin tins. Fill tins almost to the top. Spray tops of frittatas with olive oil spray. Place muffin tins in preheated oven.
Bake until tops are golden and puffed. Baking time is from around 20 minutes, depending on your oven. Let frittatas sit for about 5 to 10 minutes before popping them out of muffin tins… Serve warm. This smells so good you will want to eat one right away.
Article printed from The Boreka Diary: http://www.theglobaljewishkitchen.com
URL to article: http://www.theglobaljewishkitchen.com/2012/10/27/individual-zucchini-frittatas/
URLs in this post:
[1] Image: http://www.theglobaljewishkitchen.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/individual-zucchini-fritattas-010-3.jpg
[2] Image: http://www.theglobaljewishkitchen.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/individual-zucchini-fritattas-002-3.jpg
[3] Image: http://www.theglobaljewishkitchen.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/individual-zucchini-fritattas-003-3.jpg
[4] Image: http://www.theglobaljewishkitchen.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/individual-zucchini-fritattas-007-3.jpg
[5] Image: http://www.theglobaljewishkitchen.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/individual-zucchini-fritattas-008-3.jpg
[6] Image: http://www.theglobaljewishkitchen.com/2009/12/14/borekas/
[7] Image: http://www.theglobaljewishkitchen.com/2014/07/01/white-peach-and-macadamia-nut-yogurt-cake/
[8] Image: http://www.theglobaljewishkitchen.com/2010/06/21/boyos/
[9] Image: http://www.theglobaljewishkitchen.com/2013/05/03/boyus-with-spinach-and-cheese-2/
[10] Image: http://www.theglobaljewishkitchen.com/2012/05/16/bulemas-with-rainbow-swiss-chard/
[11] Image: https://www.addtoany.com/share_save
Click here to print.
Copyright © 2010 The Jewish Global Kitchen. All rights reserved.


text:
Craftsy Member since July 2012
I'm enrolled in these Craftsy classes:
2015 Craftsy Block of the Month
Start Machine Quilting
Entrelac Knitting
Embroidering Texture & Dimension by Hand
Ultimate Free-Motion Quilting
Start Free-Motion Quilting
Craftsy Block of the Month 2013
Oh My Stars! Six Pieced Blocks
Machine Quilting Beautiful Borders
Continuous Line Quilting
Crazy Quilts
Pieced Hexies
Scrap Quilting
Big Techniques from Small Scraps
Chain of Stars Mystery Quilt
Machine Quilting the Home Sweet Home Quilt
Traditional Blocks Made Simple
Craftsy Block of the Month 2012
Perfect Pizza at Home
Shuttle Tatting
Free Motion Fillers, Vol. 2
Quilting Quickly II
Free Motion Quilting a Sampler
Fabric Patterning with Wax Resist
The Art of Cloth Dyeing
Free Motion Fillers, Vol. 1
QuiltCon Lecture Series 2013
Know Your Wool
Hand-Stitched Collage Quilts
Magical Jelly Roll Quilts
Machine Quilting
Design It, Quilt It
Machine Quilting Negative Space
Stitch & Slash
Beyond Basic Machine Quilting
Stupendous Stitching
Machine Quilting with Templates
Fab Felt Holiday Crafts
Art Quilting 101
Quilting Big Projects on a Small Machine
I'm enrolled in these Craftsy workshops:
Sashiko Zen Pillow


text:
Chart & Annotations |
Democracy in Action: P2008: |
Democracy in Action: P2008: New York Times Learning Network |
Elections and Electoral Systems Around the World |
Electing the President (facts on file) |
Presidential candidate guide to the issues and up and coming primary information. | |||
Debate history from 1858 to present. | |||
Comprehensive site with useful and balanced information. Five major areas: Candidates and their Campaigns; Media: Covering the Campaign; Parties: Framing the Debate; Interest Groups: Many Voices; and Electorate: Voters and Non Voters. Go to What's Hot for: 08 prospects, schedule of debates and forums, activities, a look at Iowa, Nevada, New Hampshire and South Carolina and more. | |||
Electing the President (Facts on File, American History Online) |
Overview essay as well as images, videos, primary source documents, maps and charts. | |||
View a gallery of 2008 cartoons featuring the latest political cartoons about the 2008 political campaign and candidates. | |||
Includes information on campaign, voting, presidency, biographies and history. | |||
Links to election information in many countries around the world as well as to the best general sites on the topic. Scroll down for a view of the vast resources maintained for the Political Science Resources page at the University of Keele in the United Kingdom. | |||
Analyzes claims made by politicians in the news to determine their accuracy. New entries several times per week. | |||
Connects you to the 2008 presidential candidate that represents your beliefs the best. | |||
An interest group also called an advocacy group, lobbying group, pressure group or special interest group is an organization of people determined to influence… encourage or prevent…changes in public policy without trying to be elected. | |||
Educate yourself on local, state, and national issues. Publishes voter guides for upcoming elections and holds public forums on issues including open government, election reform, campaign finance reform, the environment and civil liberties. | |||
The NY Times Learning Network is sharing valuable activities for election, history of government projects with links to articles. Crossword puzzles and links to other related resources are provided. |
On the Issues: Every Political leader on every issue: Candidates>>2008 speculation |
Candidates include leaders in state and federal campaigns, presenting their positions on major issues (with quotes). Short biographical info, links to candidates' websites, charts showing candidates' positions on issues and more. | |||
Anyone running for president has to raise a lot of money. But candidates with a realistic chance of winning the election must collect enormous sums for their campaigns. This website tells who is giving and who is getting. | |||
Election news, interviews, audio slide shows, election feed, reporter's blog news, etc. | |||
Non-partisan website features some of the best information on Presidency 2008. (Candidates, State and Federal, Political Parties including Third Parties, etc.) | |||
If you have to choose one polling site for 2008, this is the one! The free web site includes current and historical polling results from all of the major polling organizations (e.g., Pew, Gallup, Reuters/Zogby, NPR), plus many more). In addition, you can find polling results from previous elections | |||
Divided into three sections: elections, issues, biographies and has the following information: overview, cartoons, biographies, events. | |||
The mission of Pro/Con is "Promoting education and informed citizenship by presenting controversial issues in a simple, nonpartisan primarily procon format." | |||
Search by candidate-Biographical information, issues, party platforms, Debates, Forums, Voting Records, Pubic Statements and Events and Campaign finances, etc. Find the candidate or official by zip code. | |||
Non-partisan, non-profit website's mission is to help citizens know more about today's critical issues and policies in order to make informed choices and decisions. Research Studies and Issues Guides available. | |||
One of the best all-around election sites, you will find an extensive collection of resources (e.g., news, editorials, commentary, polling data, video and more) from a highly respected independent organization. [Just be prepared to ignore the ads.] | |||
Home of conservative opinions. | |||
Non-partisan, non-profit organization's mission is to involve youth actively in the voting process. | |||
Begin by answering questions dealing with the major issues. After making your selections, press Show me my results. It finds the candidate whose views are most like yours. | |||
Scroll down column on right for Party Websites. | |||
The New York Times Learning Network presents historic presidential elections with historical articles, editorials, trivia quizzes, facts about the US Presidents and more. | |||
270towin.com is an interactive Electoral College Map for 2008 that includes a history of Presidential elections, a blog and more. | |||
USA Today | |||
Do you really know where the candidates stand? Learn about the candidates through their platforms, not their personalities. This quiz features some of the issues that have gained traction this campaign season. Your job is to simply select positions that correspond with your own views and that way, learn about where candidates stand. | |||
Yahoo! News Presidential Election '08 |
Back to High School Library Media Center |


text:
Two Ways to Ensure that Your Entire Email Is Rendered by Default in the iPhone & iPadPosted December 23, 2011 by Michelle Klann
While using the native email clients for the iPhone and iPad, we noticed that in approximately 10-15% of our test emails, the reader only displayed a small segment of the original email. When this happens, it renders the loaded portion of the email with a button at the bottom which reads: "Download remaining XX bytes." Often times the button appears below the fold, especially in landscape view, making it easy to miss.
Most of the time, when the button is touched the remainder of the email is rendered. In other instances, we've seen it load a second portion of the email with no option for downloading the remainder. When the device is flipped from portrait to landscape the entire message shows, when it is flipped back the entire message remains - which leads us to believe that this is an iOS glitch.
Before (scroll to see button):
After tapping the button:
In this particular example, the only thing that is loaded from the beginning is the header image and the button appears well below the fold. Also, the email doesn't fully download after tapping the button. If you flip the phone to landscape view, it looks ok. If you flip it back, everything still looks ok.
Here it is when flipped:
Another thing to point out is that most of the original email was not loaded from the beginning. Therefore there's no content being displayed just under the subject line in the inbox:
This might cause people to avoid opening the email in the first place. Yikes!
These days, it's hard enough to get your email to render correctly in each email client, yet alone having to worry about your message getting chopped off in two of the most popular mobile devices. If this happens to you and you find a different work-around, please don't hesitate to share your comments below! Or, if you are an iPhone/iPad user and you figure out a way to disable the download button, please share and we can update this blog post for others who are having the same issue.
Cheers and happy testing everyone!
Jeffrey Merrell | Your solution of "Make sure that you have a minimum of 1,019 characters before your closing head tag () including spaces and carriage returns." prompted me to look at the html code of one of my messages. For me there was no content between the head tags except for:  <meta content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="content-type" /> <title></title>  So that leads me to the question, where do we put the 1091 characters? |
John Thies | Greetings Jeffery, you would add the spaces in-between the </title> and the . So for example your header would look like: <meta content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="content-type" /> <title></title>  Please let us know if you have any other questions. |
erattt | u would add the spaces in-between the title |
Colleen | Hi There! I tried adding spaces, and/or span tags between the </title> and  tag, but the system automatically deletes them, I'm assuming to clean up the code. Do you know how I might get around this? |
yatrik | Regadint the message "This message has no content", your tip to add 1091 characters within  works. But I think the reason is the email client is not able to find any non-html text within certain characters or something as I am not seeing that message if I place some text like "View in Browser" before my header image! I can see the same text "View in Browser" instead no content. |
Michelle Klann | Colleen, I am not sure what system you are using but you could certainly make up some embedded CSS to use as characters, just don't reference it anywhere within your email. For example:  (I would then add lots of CSS declarations to that class in order to get your total number of characters up to 1091) Maybe your system won't delete it if it seems valuable. |
Alessandra | Worked for me! I found the emails were loading fully if I was on WiFi, but if I turned WiFi off, I encountered the issue. However, this fixed it. To save the rest of you some time, here's a section of dummy CSS we added to our existing


text:
Author Websites
Book Reviews
eBook Store
Blog: Coffee Thoughts
Cafe' Chronicles
Chat Schedules
Featured Authors
Free Reads
Publishers Listings
CTRR Awards Reviewer Recommend
Writing Seminars
The Coffee Crew
Contact Us
FALLEN SNOW ANGEL CIA LEAH ISBN: 978-1-60435-630-4 March 18, 2010 Red Rose Publishing www.redrosepublishing.com E-Book $1.99 49 Pages Time Travel, Western, Historical/Period Rating: 4 Cups
Just getting away from everything and everyone is what has led Rayne Jordan to a remote cabin in Wisconsin in the dead of winter. The quiet and solitude are a balm to her bruised soul.
The loneliness of ranch life is much more evident for Blade Landon the older he gets. He would like nothing more than to find a lovely young lady to share his life with.
The joy of just being away from all of the frustrations of work and lingering grief leads Rayne to make the very life-threatening mistake of walking out onto a frozen pond with very thin ice. She was sure her screams went unheard, until she woke up in a warm bed centuries from where she fell through. Blade is unsure of where Rayne is from or how she got here, but that does not stop his heart from leaping at the chance to get to know her better. The longer Rayne stays with Blade, the faster she falls, but she can only hope that this time she is not falling alone.
This story can only bring a smile to your face and a lift to your day. The characters are tender and sweet and have no ulterior motives to spoil their light. There is no deep introspection or intense emotional turmoil, but you still get a feel for their needs and desires. This just whets the appetite and makes me want to read more from Cia Leah.
Lototy Reviewer for Coffee Time Romance & More
Awards | Author Services | Contact Information | New Author Information


text:
The New World Order: They control the world's governments, they rule over all of us from the top of the pyramid. And we are the victims. Right? This episode of Juice Rap News blows open the truth about the NWO in order to shed light on this widespread conspiracy, which has frequently been invoked to […]
Archive | Video
Video clips
SHOOT! What living in the West Bank feels like
Neil Sanders – Diamonds Are For Suckers
…or why the Oppenheimers are laughing all the way to the bank. Excellent talk by Neil Sanders, dismantling the artificially created myth that diamonds are the most precious commodity – and a must-have for lower classes, when and if they can afford them.
CrossTalk: Whitewashing fascism
New Video from Crosstalk debating Putin's resolution condemning Nazism. Standing virtually alone and politically isolated. Many around the world were shocked when the US, Canada, and Ukraine voted against a Russian proposed UN resolution condemning the heroization of Nazism. Is this an attempt to whitewash fascism, or merely a desperate maneuver to protect the Kiev […]
World's 10 Most Secret Societies
An interesting and well researched summary of the top 10 secret societies courtesy of the Hybrid Librarian.
When Bretton Woods tried to scam the UAE: Ian R. Crane on the Palm Jumeirah project
Now that the UAE is announcing the completion of Dubai's Palm Jumeirah hospitality projects, it is useful to remember under what circumstances the entire projected was greenlighted.
Steve Hughes – While it's Still Legal
Australian heavy metal comedian Steve Hughes covers many topics in this stand up routine, including Australia, USA, The war on Terror, Israel, Palestine, Anti-Semitism, Homosexuality, Drugs and conspiracy theorists. Not one for the politically correct masses, or the easily offended.
Secrets Of Jewish Money Control
The latest video from Brother Nathaniel with a short history of how fiat currency was created by Jews involved in Usury and Banking.
Oligarchy and Zionism – Part 5
Fifth part of a documentary produced by Béatrice Pignède, with footage shot by Jonathan Moadab, Sylvia Page, Jean-Sébastien Farez and Saber Farzard. Music by Gilad Atzmon. Click below for other segments of the documentary: Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 Part 5
Russell Brand on corporations 9/11 and media manipulation
Love him or hate him Russell Brand is at least consistently provocative. In this interview with the BBC about his new book he talks about his ideas for global change. Which put simply, is the deconstruction of corporations and existing political systems to be replaced by self organising community based systems which would evolve a […]
Putin at Valdai – World Order: New Rules or a Game without Rules
Russian President Vladimir Putin at the Valdai discussion club (a forum involving the world leading experts at foreign and domestic policy.) – streamed live on 24 Oct 2014. It can't be easy translating Russian let alone following Putin's speedy speech. Nevertheless this is very interesting and guaranteed you won't see it on the MSM therefore it's […]
Evicting the Arab Bedouin
Another top post from Vice News. This one come from occupied Palestine A.K.A. Israel. We are taken on a journey into the Negev desert to meet the Arab Bedouin and see the struggle against the state of Israel as it tries to develop the land. The Arab Bedouin minority of the Negev Desert faces harsh […]
Oligarchy and Zionism – Part 4
Fourth part of a documentary produced by Béatrice Pignède, with footage shot by Jonathan Moadab, Sylvia Page, Jean-Sébastien Farez and Saber Farzard. Music by Gilad Atzmon. Click below for other segments of the documentary: Part 1 Part 2 Part 3
Oligarchy and Zionism – Part 3
Third part of a documentary produced by Béatrice Pignède, with footage shot by Jonathan Moadab, Sylvia Page, Jean-Sébastien Farez and Saber Farzard. Music by Gilad Atzmon. Click below for other segments of the documentary: Part 1 Part 2
Roberto Unger on Social Democracy
An influential political philosopher argues that social democracy is flawed and that the left needs an entirely new programme.
Oligarchy and Zionism – Part 2
Second part of a documentary produced by Béatrice Pignède, with footage shot by Jonathan Moadab, Sylvia Page, Jean-Sébastien Farez and Saber Farzard. Music by Gilad Atzmon. Click below for Part 1 of the documentary: Part 1
Going Gaga in Israel
Lady Gaga has been back in USA 2 + weeks – following her show in Tel Aviv on the 13th of September. After falling sales and a bad comedown, those that control her interests decided what was needed was some kind of revamp to kick-start her flagging superstar career. So like many before her, they […]
Children beware: the Wicked White Widow is back!
Ever eager to prove that whatever commitment to truth they had left is now entirely replaced with contempt for their readers' I.Q., Mainstream Media #presstitutes happily resurrect the cartoon character known as "The White Widow", a.k.a. Samantha Lewthwaite, at regular intervals, whenever the time is right. Today, for example. Because we all need a good […]
The Wandering Who – FULL
I thought it'd be interesting to resurrect this chat with Gilad Atzmon, three years after I edited it, and see how many of the themes discussed have grown in relevance since 2011. The pernicious role of zionist lobbies and their appetite for war. Another Gazan massacre. Palestinian statehood – and possible access to international tribunals. […]
Gazans were slaughtered. The EU has no comment
Of course, we are aware of the European Union's commitment to the full and effective protection of Human Rights everywhere. After all, The 2012 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to the European Union (EU) "for over six decades [of contribution] to the advancement of peace and reconciliation, democracy and human rights in Europe". So, when […]
The Sick World, the Money System & Artificial Scarcity
A most amusing talk from Jaques Fresco on his futurist vision for the World. My favourite bit is the story about his racist Jewish Mother and the guilt trip he laid upon her to get her to like his friend. The Venus Project in Slovenia. Jacques Fresco comes in at 17:15.
Beheadings — A review
Beheading videos — a new terror genre deserve attentive reviews. This is actually a review of reviews but since only two reviews were included I call it a mini-meta-review. Reading a theater critic's review of, say, a certain staging of "Richard III" one does not expect to read his opinions of 15the century England or […]
Juice Rap News: MSMBS Headlies
Juice Rap News casts a discerning eye over the remarkable series of events over the last few weeks. From Gaza to Syria, ISIS to Ukraine, sinkholes to Ebola, and Ferguson to Robin Williams, the world has been experiencing a seemingly endless series of disturbing events: how do we manage to deal with all the painful […]
The Islamic State – or Islamic Gang?
Great video from Vice News on the ubiquitous Islamic State. A fascinating overview into their nature which seems partly Stalinist in its strict and brutal enforcement of views in every way, their strong education and indoctrination, social programmes and total cruelty. Islamic Cultural Marxism Notable from the video is the fact that the Islamic State […]