text:
Use the AWS::CloudFormation::Init type to include metadata on an Amazon EC2 instance for the cfn-init helper script. If your template calls the cfn-init script, the script looks for resource metadata rooted in the AWS::CloudFormation::Init metadata key. For more information about cfn-init, see cfn-init.
The metadata is organized into config keys, which you can group into configsets. You can specify a configset when you call cfn-init in your template. If you don't specify a configset, cfn-init looks for a single config key named config.
The configuration is separated into sections. The following template snippet shows how you can attach metadata for cfn-init to an Amazon EC2 instance resource within the template.
"Resources": { "MyInstance": { "Type": "AWS::EC2::Instance", "Metadata" : { "AWS::CloudFormation::Init" : { "config" : { "packages" : { : }, "groups" : { : }, "users" : { : }, "sources" : { : }, "files" : { : }, "commands" : { : }, "services" : { : } } } }, "Properties": { : } } }
The cfn-init helper script processes these configuration sections in the following order: packages, groups, users, sources, files, commands, and then services. If you require a different order, separate your sections into different config keys, and then use a configset that specifies the order in which the config keys should be processed.
supports all metadata types for Linux systems. It supports metadata
types for Windows with conditions that are described in the sections that follow.
For an example of using AWS::CloudFormation::Init and the cfn-init helper script, see Deploying Applications on Amazon EC2 with AWS CloudFormation.
For an example that shows how to use cfn-init to create a Windows stack, see Bootstrapping AWS CloudFormation Windows Stacks.
If you want to create more than one config key and to have cfn-init process them in a
specific order, create a configset that contains the config keys in the desired order. For
example, the following template snippet creates configsets named ascending
that each contain two config keys.
"AWS::CloudFormation::Init" : { "configSets" : { "ascending" : [ "config1" , "config2" ], "descending" : [ "config2" , "config1" ] }, "config1" : { "commands" : { "test" : { "command" : "echo \"$CFNTEST\" > test.txt", "env" : { "CFNTEST" : "I come from config1." }, "cwd" : "~" } } }, "config2" : { "commands" : { "test" : { "command" : "echo \"$CFNTEST\" > test.txt", "env" : { "CFNTEST" : "I come from config2" }, "cwd" : "~" } } } }
The following example calls to cfn-init refer to the preceding example configsets. The example calls are abbreviated for clarity, see cfn-init for the complete syntax.
If a call to cfn-init specifies the ascending
cfn-init -c ascending
the script processes config1
and then processes config2
and the test.txt file would contain the text I come from config2
If a call to cfn-init specifies the descending
cfn-init -c descending
the script processes config2
and then processes config1
and the test.txt file would contain the text I come from config1
You can create multiple configsets, and call a series of them using your cfn-init
script. Each configset can contain a list of config keys or references to other configsets.
For example, the following template snippet creates three configsets. The first configset,
, contains one config key named 1
. The second configset,
, contains a reference to the test1
configset and one
config key named 2
. The third configset, default, contains a reference to the
configset test2
"AWS::CloudFormation::Init" : { "configSets" : { "test1" : [ "1" ], "test2" : [ { "ConfigSet" : "test1" }, "2" ], "default" : [ { "ConfigSet" : "test2" } ] }, "1" : { "commands" : { "test" : { "command" : "echo \"$MAGIC\" > test.txt", "env" : { "MAGIC" : "I come from the environment!" }, "cwd" : "~" } } }, "2" : { "commands" : { "test" : { "command" : "echo \"$MAGIC\" >> test.txt", "env" : { "MAGIC" : "I am test 2!" }, "cwd" : "~" } } } }
The following calls to cfn-init refer to the configSets declared in the preceding template snippet. The example calls are abbreviated for clarity, see cfn-init for the complete syntax.
If you specify test1
cfn-init -c test1
cfn-init processes config key 1
If you specify test2
cfn-init -c test2
cfn-init processes config key 1
and then processes config key
If you specify the default
configset (or no configsets at
cfn-init -c default
you get the same behavior that you would if you specify configset
You can use the commands key to execute commands on the EC2 instance. The commands are processed in alphabetical order by name.
Key | Description |
command |
Required. Either an array or a string specifying the command to run. If you use an array, you do not need to escape space characters or enclose command parameters in quotes. |
env |
Optional. Sets environment variables for the command. This property overwrites, rather than appends, the existing environment. |
cwd |
Optional. The working directory |
test |
Optional. A test command that determines whether cfn-init runs commands
that are specified in the command key. The cfn-init script runs the test in
a command interpreter, such as Bash or For Linux, the test command must return an exit code of |
ignoreErrors |
Optional. A Boolean value that determines whether cfn-init continues to
run if the command in contained in the command key fails (returns a non-zero
value). Set to |
waitAfterCompletion |
Optional. For Windows systems only. Specifies how long to wait (in seconds) after a command has finished in case the command causes a reboot. The default value is 60 seconds and a value of "forever" directs cfn-init to exit and resume only after the reboot is complete. |
The following example snippet calls the echo command.
"commands" : { "test" : { "command" : "echo \"$MAGIC\" > test.txt", "env" : { "MAGIC" : "I come from the environment!" }, "cwd" : "~", "test" : "test ! -e ~/test.txt", "ignoreErrors" : "false" } }
You can use the files
key to create files on the EC2 instance. The content
can be either inline in the template or the content can be pulled from a URL. The files are
written to disk in lexicographic order. The following table lists the supported
Key | Description |
content |
Either a string or a properly formatted JSON object. If you use a JSON object as your content, the JSON will be written to a file on disk. Any intrinsic functions such as Fn::GetAtt or Ref are evaluated before the JSON object is written to disk. |
source |
A URL to load the file from. This option cannot be specified with the content key. |
encoding |
The encoding format. Only used if the content is a string. Encoding is not applied if you are using a source. Valid values: |
group |
The name of the owning group for this file. Not supported for Windows systems. |
owner |
The name of the owning user for this file. Not supported for Windows systems. |
mode |
A six-digit octal value representing the mode for this file. Not supported for Windows systems. |
authentication |
The name of an authentication method to use. This overrides any default authentication. You can use this property to select an authentication method you define with the AWS::CloudFormation::Authentication resource. |
context |
Specifies a context for files that are to be processed as Mustache templates. To use this key, you must have installed aws-cfn-bootstrap 1.3-11 or later as well as pystache. |
The following example snippet creates a file named setup.mysql as part of a larger installation.
"files" : { "/tmp/setup.mysql" : { "content" : { "Fn::Join" : ["", [ "CREATE DATABASE ", { "Ref" : "DBName" }, ";\n", "CREATE USER '", { "Ref" : "DBUsername" }, "'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '", { "Ref" : "DBPassword" }, "';\n", "GRANT ALL ON ", { "Ref" : "DBName" }, ".* TO '", { "Ref" : "DBUsername" }, "'@'localhost';\n", "FLUSH PRIVILEGES;\n" ]]}, "mode" : "000644", "owner" : "root", "group" : "root" } },
The full template is available at: https://s3.amazonaws.com/cloudformation-templates-us-east-1/Drupal_Single_Instance.template
Mustache templates are used primarily to create configuration files. For example, you
can store a configuration file in an S3 bucket and interpolate Refs and GetAtts from the
template, instead of using Fn::Join. The following example snippet
outputs "Content for test9" to /tmp/test9.txt
"files" : { "/tmp/test9.txt" : { "content" : "Content for {{name}}", "context" : { "name" : "test9" } } }
When working with Mustache templates, note the following:
The context key must be present for the files to be processed.
The context key must be a key-value map, but it can be nested.
You can process files with inline content by using the content key and remote files by using the source key.
Mustache support depends on the pystache version. Version 0.5.2 supports the Mustache 1.1.2 specification.
You can use the groups key to create Linux/UNIX groups and to assign group IDs. The groups key is not supported for Windows systems.
To create a group, add a new key-value pair that maps a new group name to an optional group ID. The groups key can contain one or more group names. The following table lists the available keys.
Key | Description |
A group ID number. If a group ID is specified, and the group already exists by name, the group creation will fail. If another group has the specified group ID, the OS may reject the group creation. Example: |
The following snippet specifies a group named groupOne
without assigning
a group ID and a group named groupTwo
that specified a group ID value of
"groups" : { "groupOne" : {}, "groupTwo" : { "gid" : "45" } }
You can use the packages key to download and install pre-packaged applications and components. On Windows systems, the packages key supports only the MSI installer.
The cfn-init script currently supports the following package formats: apt, msi, python, rpm, rubygems, and yum. Packages are processed in the following order: rpm, yum/apt, and then rubygems and python. There is no ordering between rubygems and python, and packages within each package manager are not guaranteed to be installed in any order.
Within each package manager, each package is specified as a package name and a list of versions. The version can be a string, a list of versions, or an empty string or list. An empty string or list indicates that you want the latest version. For rpm manager, the version is specified as a path to a file on disk or a URL.
If you specify a version of a package, cfn-init will attempt to install that version even if a newer version of the package is already installed on the instance. Some package managers support multiple versions, but others may not. Please check the documentation for your package manager for more information. If you do not specify a version and a version of the package is already installed, the cfn-init script will not install a new version—it will assume that you want to keep and use the existing version.
The following snippet specifies a version URL for rpm, requests the latest versions from yum, and version 0.10.2 of chef from rubygems:
"rpm" : { "epel" : "http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm" }, "yum" : { "httpd" : [], "php" : [], "wordpress" : [] }, "rubygems" : { "chef" : [ "0.10.2" ] }
The following snippet specifies a URL for an MSI package:
"msi" : { "awscli" : "https://s3.amazonaws.com/aws-cli/AWSCLI64.msi" }
You can use the services key to define which services should be enabled or disabled when the instance is launched. On Linux systems, this key is supported by using sysvinit. On Windows systems, it is supported by using the Windows service manager.
The services key also allows you to specify dependencies on sources, packages and files so that if a restart is needed due to files being installed, cfn-init will take care of the service restart. For example, if you download the Apache HTTP Server package, the package installation will automatically start the Apache HTTP Server during the stack creation process. However, if the Apache HTTP Server configuration is updated later in the stack creation process, the update won't take effect unless the Apache server is restarted. You can use the services key to ensure that the Apache HTTP service is restarted.
The following table lists the supported keys.
Key | Description |
ensureRunning |
Set to true to ensure that the service is running after cfn-init finishes. Set to false to ensure that the service is not running after cfn-init finishes. Omit this key to make no changes to the service state. |
enabled |
Set to true to ensure that the service will be started automatically upon boot. Set to false to ensure that the service will not be started automatically upon boot. Omit this key to make no changes to this property. |
files |
A list of files. If cfn-init changes one directly via the files block, this service will be restarted |
sources |
A list of directories. If cfn-init expands an archive into one of these directories, this service will be restarted. |
packages |
A map of package manager to list of package names. If cfn-init installs or updates one of these packages, this service will be restarted. |
commands |
A list of command names. If cfn-init runs the specified command, this service will be restarted. |
The following Linux snippet configures the services as follows:
The nginx service will be restarted if either /etc/nginx/nginx.conf or /var/www/html are modified by cfn-init.
The php-fastcgi service will be restarted if cfn-init installs or updates php or spawn-fcgi using yum.
The sendmail service will be stopped and disabled.
"services" : { "sysvinit" : { "nginx" : { "enabled" : "true", "ensureRunning" : "true", "files" : ["/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"], "sources" : ["/var/www/html"] }, "php-fastcgi" : { "enabled" : "true", "ensureRunning" : "true", "packages" : { "yum" : ["php", "spawn-fcgi"] } }, "sendmail" : { "enabled" : "false", "ensureRunning" : "false" } } }
The following Windows snippet starts the cfn-hup
service, sets it to
automatic, and restarts the service if cfn-init
modifies the specified
"services" : { "windows" : { "cfn-hup" : { "enabled" : "true", "ensureRunning" : "true", "files" : ["c:\\cfn\\cfn-hup.conf", "c:\\cfn\\hooks.d\\cfn-auto-reloader.conf"] } } }
You can use the sources key to download an archive file and unpack it in a target directory on the EC2 instance. This key is fully supported for both Linux and Windows systems.
Supported formats
Supported formats are tar, tar+gzip, tar+bz2 and zip.
If you use GitHub as a source control system, you can use cfn-init and the sources package mechanism to pull a specific version of your application. GitHub allows you to create a zip or a tar from a specific version via a URL as follows:
https://github.com/<your directory>/(zipball|tarball)/<version>
For example, the following snippet pulls down version master as a
"sources" : { "/etc/puppet" : https://github.com/user1/cfn-demo/tarball/master }
The following example downloads a zip file from an Amazon S3 bucket and unpacks it into /etc/myapp:
"sources" : { "/etc/myapp" : "https://s3.amazonaws.com/mybucket/myapp.tar.gz" }
You can use authentication credentials for a source. However, you cannot put an authentication key in the sources block. Instead, include a buckets key in your S3AccessCreds block. For an example, see the example template. For more information on Amazon S3 authentication credentials, see AWS::CloudFormation::Authentication.
You can use the users key to create Linux/UNIX users on the EC2 instance. The users key is not supported for Windows systems.
The following table lists the supported keys.
Key | Description |
uid |
A user ID. The creation process fails if the user name exists with a different user ID. If the user ID is already assigned to an existing user the operating system may reject the creation request. |
groups |
A list of group names. The user will be added to each group in the list. |
homeDir |
The user's home directory. |
Users are created as non-interactive system users with a shell of /sbin/nologin. This is by design and cannot be modified.
"users" : { "myUser" : { "groups" : ["groupOne", "groupTwo"], "uid" : "50", "homeDir" : "/tmp" } }


text:
View all
▪ Romance ▪ Suspense & Thrillers ▪ Science Fiction ▪ Mystery & Detectives ▪ Fantasy ▪ Horror ▪ Biography & Memoir ▪ History ▪ Spiritual & Religion ▪ Business ▪ View eBooks by author |
Categories: Erotica/Group-Orgy Erotica/Romance
Publisher: New Concepts Publishing | Date published: 02/01/2011 DescriptionTrapped between two horny vampires and one lusty werewolf on a cruise ship with several hundred other weirdos that thought that they were vampires, Scarlett seriously considered jumping ship. Unfortunately, she hadn't discovered the truth about her fellow passengers until the ship was somewhere in the middle of the ocean. She decided she wouldn't have much success talking her way out of the sharks taking a bite out of her, but she would soon realize she wouldn't have much luck where the men were concerned either. Rating: Carnal/Erotic. Multiple partners/heroes, menage a trois, group sex/orgy sex, NO male on male action, anal penetration, lots of foreplay, exhibitionism in the form of public sex (in a theater), oral sex (including blow jobs), hot possessive mating, and intense claiming without her permission.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Helle Brakar Hunting Knife 5" Blade, Curly Birch and Walnut Handle, Leather Sheath - HE90
Part Number: | HE90 |
Manufacturer: | Helle Knives |
Retail Price: | $164.00 |
Our Price: | $149.00 |
You Save: | $15.00 (9%) |
Calculate Shipping | |
Double Points Item! |
HE90: BraKar
The BraKar is with its triple laminated stainless steel blade one of the biggest knives Helle makes.
The handle is an assembly of walnut, curly birch and with leather spacers. It has a small cutout to serve as an indicator or finger guard. The knife sits deep in the sturdy leather sheath, Nordic style.
Helle knives are designed to retain their sharpness as a lifelong outdoors companion. But it is still important to take care of your knife and its sheath.
The Handle. Dry the handle with a soft cloth if wet and wax occasionally.
The Sheath. The leather needs to be impregnated occasionally with colourless impregnation agent (grease or wax) to keep supple. Dry the sheath carefully in room temperature if it becomes wet.
The Blade. Wipe the blade with a soft cloth if wet and treat with grease occasionally.
Use a diamond tool or a wet stone for sharpening. Place the knife bevel flat to the sharpening tool and work the entire blade. Work one side until you can feel a slight burr on the opposite side. Switch side and repeat the procedure until you feel the burr on the first side. You have now established an edge.
Remove the burr by stroking the blade gently over the sharpening surface on both sides, as if cutting very thin slices. Keep the bevel flat towards the sharpener and move from side to side until the burr is gone.
If the blade is very dull or damaged, use a fine-grained grindstone and plenty of water and sharpen until you have a raw edge. Use much cooling liquid and never sharpen on a dry stone. A hot-ground edge looses its heat treatment and ruins the blade.
- Name: BraKar
- Weight:4.77 oz. (135 g)
- Blade material: Triple laminated stainless steel
- Blade thickness: 3.1 mm
- Blade length: 5" (126 mm)
- Handle material: Curly birch, leather and walnut
- Handle length: 5.1" (128 mm)
- Sheath material: Genuine leather
- Sheath weight:1.7 oz. (48 g)
- Design:Gunnar Lothe
- Made in Norway
UPC Code: 7023890030233
Leather is known for its durability and traditional appeal. When compared to kydex it is preferred for its silence when bumped against other objects, as well as blade retention.
Provides a traditional, natural look and feel to a modern tool. Wood absorbs shock well and is popular in axe handles.


text:
Hi everybody !
I am a 24 years old man, i come from the city of Montpellier in south of france. I am a student at the law school. I am passionate by art in general, music, design, fashion, dancer... and sports. I love spending time with my friends and family around a good meal and first and foremost meet new people and discover new places and cites in the world !!
See you !


text:
Last Kiss (disambiguation)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from The Last Kiss)
"Last Kiss" is a 1961 romantic love song by Wayne Cochran, also covered by J. Frank Wilson and the Cavaliers, Pearl Jam, and others.
Last Kiss may also refer to:
In film:
- The Last Kiss (2001 film) (L'ultimo bacio), an Italian romantic comedy-drama
- The Last Kiss (2006 film), an American remake of the Italian film, directed by Tony Goldwyn
In music:
- The Last Kiss (album), a 2009 album by Jadakiss
- "Last Kiss" (Bonnie Pink song), 2004
- "Last Kiss" (Tanpopo song), 1998
- "Last Kiss", a romance song by Taylor Swift from Speak Now
- "The Last Kiss", a romantic love song by David Cassidy from Romance
See also[edit]
This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Last Kiss. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. |


text:
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In the final installment to this series, GM Khachiyan gives his recommendation for how black should deal with the obscure Bishop to b5 development against the Hybrid Accelerated Dragon. He then provides a general summary of why, and what type of players should look to add the Accelerated Dragon to their repertoire. Of course, the final game reviewed is one from the best Accelerated Dragon player in the country: Fellow video author GM Perepshteyn! | Watch video
As Melik nears the close of his ten part video series on the Accelerated Dragon, he draws our attention to one of the more exciting, "lesser known" variations of the Hybrid Accelerated Dragon. Today he reviews an exciting game by one of our regular featured authors (GM Perelshteyn) and highlights the importance of being well prepared in such sharp positions. He recommends we all "listen to Eugene's play" when it comes to this line... | Watch video
We are working hard to make Chess.com available in over 70 languages. Check back over the year as we develop the technology to add more, and we will try our best to notify you when your language is ready for translating!


text:
General City Contact Directory
jQuery(document).ready(function($) {$(".crunchSection").hide();});Click or tap any section title to collapse or expand it.Expand all sections | Collapse all sections Wilson Energy 1800 Herring Ave Billing Inquiries & New Service Requests 252-399-2200 Electric Service Problem 252-399-2444 Natural Gas Service Problem 252-399-2432 Water and Sewer Service Problem 252-399-2479 Stormwater Hotline 252-296-3306 Operations 252-399-2424 Streets 252-399-2481 Traffic Signage 252-399-2467 Recycling, Trash, Garbage, Yard Waste Pick Up 252-399-2485 TDD-Hearing Impaired Device 252-399-2313 Billing Inquiries-New Service Request 252-399-2200 Switch and Save Load Management 252-399-2415 Water and Sewer Service Problem 252-399-2479 Administration 112 Goldsboro St E Mayor 252-399-2310 City Manager 252-296-3398 Deputy City Manager 252-399-2462 City Clerk 252-399-2302 Development Services Director 252-399-2211 Human Resources Manager 252-399-2251 Fire Chief 252-399-2891 Police Chief 252-399-2318 Public Affairs 252-399-2311 or 252-399-2228 Recreation Director 252-399-2261 City Council Message Line 252-399-2320 Airport Wilson Industrial 4545 Airport Dr 252-991-6336 Downtown Development 112 Goldsboro St E 252-399-2395 Planning & Development Services 112 Goldsboro St E 252-399-2219 or 252-399-2220 Planning, Inspections, Community Development, Historic Preservation, Building, Zoning Permits GIS & Mapping 252-399-2428 Finance & Customer Service 112 Goldsboro St E Administration 252-399-2149 Accounts Payable 252-399-2142 Business Licenses 252-399-2163 Customer Service 252-399-2200 Customer Credit 252-399-2756 Purchasing 252-399-2404 Fire/Rescue Services (Non-Emergency) 307 W Hines St Administration 252-399-2891 or 252-399-2890 Fire Prevention Bureau 252-399-2880 Public Education 252-399-2841 Training-Operations 252-399-2884 Support Services 252-399-2883 Operations 252-399-2881 Life Safety Educator 252-399-2841 Greenlight Customer Service 252-399-2200 (option 3,1) Residential Technical Support 252-399-2200 (option 3,2,2) Business Technical Support 252-399-2200 (option 3,2,1) Human Relations 104 N Goldsboro St E 252-399-2308 Parking Commission 252-291-2405 Parks and Recreation Department Administration 1800 Herring Ave 252-399-2261 J Burt Gillette Fieldhouse 3238 Corbett Ave 252-296-3063 Recreation Park Community Center 500 Sunset Rd 252-399-2266 Recreation Park Pool 500 Sunset Rd 252-399-2269 Park Ranger 500 Sunset Rd 252-399-2265 Picnic Shelter Reservations 252-399-2266 Reid Street Community Center 901 N Reid St 252-399-2277 Reid Street Pool 901 N Reid St 252-399-2288 Pender Street Center 300 S Pender St 252-399-2278 Elvie Resource Center 1008 Railroad St 252-399-7574 Williams Day Camp 515 Mt Vernon Dr 252-399-2202 Athletics 252-399-2264 Programs-Marketing 252-399-2267 Parks Division 252-399-2273 Human Resources Administration 1800 Herring Ave 252-399-2246 Police Department 120 N Goldsboro St Information Non Emergency 252-399-2323 Criminal Investigations 252-206-5290 Patrol Operations 252-399-2340 Internal Affairs 252-399-2323 Police Records-Reports 252-399-2323 Crime Stoppers 252-243-2255 Drug Busters Hotline 252-399-2353 Police Chief 252-399-2318 Crime Prevention Ofc 252-399-2323 Buckhorn Lake 8177 Rock Ridge School Rd 252-235-6563 Public Services Department 1800 Herring Ave Operations 252-399-2480 City Engineer 252-399-2465 Engineering & Mapping 252-399-2468 Fleet Maintenance 252-399-2290 Stormwater 252-399-2434 Recycling, Trash, Garbage, Yard Waste, Dead Animals 252-399-2485 Water Resources Toisnot Water Treatment Plant 800 N Pine St 252-399-2379 Wiggins Mill Water Treatment Plant 3110 Forest Hills Rd 252-399-2377 Water Infrastructure (Water Distribution, Wastewater Collection and Stormwater Operations) 1800 Herring Avenue 252-296-3403 Hominy Creek Water Reclamation Facility 3100 Old Stantonsburg Rd 252-399-2492 After hours emergencies please call Dispatch at 252-399-2424 Wilson Transit System 320 S Nash St 252-291-2850 City Bus-Administration 252-399-2488 City Bus-Information 252-291-2850
Go!Upcoming Events
Downtown Alive: The Embers featuring Craig Woolard
Planning and Design Review Board 5/5/15
City of Wilson Facebook Feed
The annual paint swap will be Saturday, 8-11 a.m., at the Wilson County landfill, off NC 42 just east of the city. Drop off unused latex paint or pick some up for your next project, all free of charge. ... See MoreSee Less
Next Saturday, May 2, is Wilson Community Day for the Carolina Mudcats. Wilson Councilman Derrick Creech will be throwing out the first pitch, and the Mudcats will be recognizing the town where they first played ball in North Carolina. You can use this link to buy discounted tickets -- just enter the code "community." ... See MoreSee Less
Carolina Mudcats vs. Frederick Keys - May 2, 2015 3:00 PM - Five County Stadium - Carolina Mudcats
Buy tickets for Carolina Mudcats vs. Frederick Keys at Five County Stadium - Carolina Mudcats from Etix
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Wilson Energy linemen are competing today with their counterparts in a "rodeo," which is a test of many of the skills they use in their jobs. Come out and cheer them on -- the competition site is near the intersection of Downing Street and Forest Hills Road. The event should end around 4 p.m. today. The public is welcome to attend. ... See MoreSee Less
Wilson Energy linemen are competing today with their counterparts in a "rodeo," which is a test of many of the skills they use in their jobs. Come out and cheer them on -- the competition site is near...
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text:
Audit (A-04-11-07023)
Medicare Compliance Review of South Miami Hospital for Calendar Years 2009 and 2010
Executive Summary
South Miami Hospital generally complied with Medicare billing requirements for selected inpatient and outpatient claims. Of 145 sampled claims, 60 claims had billing errors, resulting in overpayments totaling $468,000 for calendar years 2009 and 2010.
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text:
Built at the Internet Archive
Sort By:
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Archived since: Jul, 2011
A collection of informative resources regarding vegetarianism.
Subject: Society & Culture, Science & Health, Health , Nutrition, Alternative Lifestyle, Food & Drink, Vegetarianism
Creator: DiChiara, H.
Publisher: Archive-It
Coverage: United States, United Kingdom, 21st century
Format: Html, pdf, doc, ppt, ra, jpeg, png, gif, mpeg,
Type: text, image, video
Date: 2011-7-4
Identifier: http://archive-it.org/public/collection.html?id=2735
Language: English
Collector: DiChiara, H.
Rights: All rights reserved
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text:
Paragon HDS 100
- As Low As: $29.99 per box
- Manufacturer: Paragon Vision Sciences
- Type: Gas Permeable
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text:
Silkeborg Angling Society
With 2,400 members, Silkeborg Angling Society, which was founded on 3 March 1869, is Denmark's largest angling society. The society's fishing waters are also among the best, biggest and most diverse in Denmark. Here, you can catch everything from trout, pike and walleye to burbot. There are also plenty of opportunities for coarse fishing. Prices for the purchase of daily/weekly/annual licences are reasonable, and you always have the opportunity to find new and exciting fishing grounds from bank and boat. The society's website offers inspiration for fishing trips on maps of the society's fishing waters. You can also find out where to buy daily/weekly and annual licences. We cannot guarantee that you'll catch anything, but we can guarantee an outdoor experience not found elsewhere in Denmark.


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Wow there is way too much hate going on here. I literally laughed when I read someone suggesting Arch for regular users who just want their computer to work (I do love Arch, btw.!).
Hopefully those patches get accepted for the next Mesa release.
I didn't fight that. However I don't think, that "hostile" is an adequate classification for forks in general, but whatever - let's just leave it that way.
Edit: Whoops, just noticed that you weren't referring to me, but I'll still leave my thoughts on that.
Technically you're right. However, humans are not machines and they make decisions based on attitudes. Considering Ubuntu/Canonical "hostile" is an attitude, that will lead to decisions, which will further fragment Linux.
And you're also right, that it is within the rights of the community not to accept patches - as I said, morally the community has the lead. But if no one accepts Canonicals patches, will that decrease or increase fragmentation? Canonical started it by actually patching things (you have to admit, that in order to do, what they have in mind (e.g. Unity), this is barely avoidable), but the community could have minimized damage by integrating these patches/ improving them together with Canonical. I know, this seems to be asked for far too much, but in the end, that would have been more useful, wouldn't it?
I know this. I still favor this over using software from MS or Apple. Sure, I could use other distros (which I do from time to time), but in the long term, that doesn't seem to work out.
Furthermore, I don't think that isolating themselves is an actual goal of Canonical. They just don't seem to bother that much.
Canonical's big contribution to that is barely of a technical nature, it's marketing. How many vendors are actually selling machines with various distros pre-installed (that means, not only Ubuntu)? There is ZaReason - and well, that's all I heard of. System76 is (afaik) only selling Ubuntu. And both of them are pretty small. On the other hand, e.g. HP, Dell or Asus (at least with Note/Netbooks) are selling some machines with Ubuntu pre-installed - only Ubuntu (in terms of Linux support).
As I said, Canonical is not the only one capable of pushing Linux to the masses, but right now they're the only one doing so. Just having great tech lying around somewhere is not enough, you also need to get it ~sold~. If it was only about having good code, why would MS dominate the desktop?
Or let's just put it this way. If Canonical fails, who would then bring Linux to the masses? I'm not asking for someone who could do this, but who actually would. Valve seems to have some interest in this, however I wouldn't bet on them taking over the desktop os business for Linux.
Last edited by alexThunder; 07-20-2013 at 12:15 PM.
If the mesa patches are helpful to the general mesa community they will likely be accepted. But if they are mir specific then likely not. That's the point of upstream and downstream.


text:
Chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 patients with insulin resistance treated with pioglitazone and peginterferon alpha-2a plus ribavirin. | |
MedLine Citation:
PMID: 22334369 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
CONCLUSION: Treatment with pioglitazone before and during treatment with peginterferon alpha-2a plus ribavirin improved several indices of glycemic control in patients with chronic hepatitis C and insulin resistance, but did not improve virologic response rates compared with peginterferon alpha-2a plus ribavirin alone. |
Stephen A Harrison; Fayez M Hamzeh; Jian Han; Prashant K Pandya; Muhammed Y Sheikh; John M Vierling |
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Publication Detail:
Type: Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial Date: 2012-06-11 |
Journal Detail:
Title: Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) Volume: 56 ISSN: 1527-3350 ISO Abbreviation: Hepatology Publication Date: 2012 Aug |
Date Detail:
Created Date: 2012-07-26 Completed Date: 2012-10-11 Revised Date: 2013-05-20 |
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID: 8302946 Medline TA: Hepatology Country: United States |
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Languages: eng Pagination: 464-73 Citation Subset: IM |
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Copyright © 2012 American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. |
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA. email@example.com |
Export Citation:
APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
MeSH Terms | |
Adult Antiviral Agents / administration & dosage, adverse effects Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy, epidemiology Drug Therapy, Combination Female Follow-Up Studies Genotype Hepacivirus / drug effects*, genetics Hepatitis C, Chronic / drug therapy*, epidemiology, virology Humans Hypoglycemic Agents / administration & dosage, adverse effects Insulin Resistance / physiology* Interferon-alpha / administration & dosage*, adverse effects Liver Cirrhosis / epidemiology, virology Male Middle Aged Polyethylene Glycols / administration & dosage*, adverse effects Recombinant Proteins / administration & dosage, adverse effects Ribavirin / administration & dosage*, adverse effects Risk Factors Thiazolidinediones / administration & dosage*, adverse effects Treatment Outcome |
Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Antiviral Agents; 0/Hypoglycemic Agents; 0/Interferon-alpha; 0/Polyethylene Glycols; 0/Recombinant Proteins; 0/Thiazolidinediones; 0/peginterferon alfa-2a; 36791-04-5/Ribavirin; X4OV71U42S/pioglitazone |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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Police: Walmart robber caught after snatching money bag
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Bow Hunting from a Woman's View
By: Debbie Derck
The most important part of hunting is Safety! Always "Plan your Hunt and Hunt your Plan". Let someone know the plan, so if you need help they will know where to go, and never, ever...
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The former director of the Central Intelligence Agency and Air Force general Michael Hayden is by all accounts a good man and a good officer. He has certainly done yeoman's work since leaving government in defending controversial Bush administration interrogation and detainee policies. He didn't have to say one word and speaking out has not benefited him personally in any way—quite the opposite—so he deserves the nation's thanks on that score and many more.
Nonetheless, his Washington Post piece today on the simmering controversy over the intelligence community's handling of the Syrian nuclear reactor at al-Kibar does not add up.
To recap briefly: About two weeks ago, Bob Woodward published a piece arguing that everyone in the Bush administration had learned the lesson of the disastrously wrong intelligence on Iraq's supposed WMD. Everyone, that is, except Vice President Dick Cheney, who urged a U.S. strike on the Syrian reactor in the face of what Woodward's sources insist was uncertain intelligence. The president declined to order a strike and the Israeli military destroyed the reactor in September 2007.
I responded with an analysis of the flaws in Woodward's account. Four actual participants in the administration's deliberations gave their account here. Woodward's attempt to paint Cheney's view as unreasonable was itself unwarranted.
Hayden now responds to these responses. His overriding concern seems to be to defend the intelligence community from the charge—which Woodward reports approvingly—that it deliberately shaded its analysis to steer policy makers toward a certain conclusion.
Before getting to the Syria case, Hayden makes reference to the 2007 National Intelligence Estimate on Iran. The right, he says, attacked this document unfairly. But his defense is hardly a defense at all. "The information," he writes, "suggested that Iran had stopped the weaponization of fissile material, work that would be required to design a reliable warhead. The more difficult tasks—creating fissile material and developing missile delivery systems—continued unabated, but there appeared to be good evidence that this one aspect had largely been put on the shelf."
This is precisely the same point that critics of the NIE cite to demonstrate its flawed nature. As Hayden himself acknowledges, weaponization is the (relatively) easy part. If, as he also acknowledges, Iran continued working on the two more difficult parts, how can stopping work (if indeed that work was stopped) on only one be said to have amounted to stopping the program?
Here's what the NIE actually said: "We judge with high confidence that in fall 2003, Tehran halted its nuclear weapons program." A footnote made Hayden's caveats plain. This, it was clear to more careful readers of the NIE, "key judgment" was not supported by the actual facts presented in the rest of the document. But that's not how the NIE was portrayed in the press or characterized by America's adversaries. The emphasis was all on that first key judgment, the footnote was ignored, and the NIE was cited as evidence that the Iranian nuclear threat had receded.
Hayden later regretted the way the report had been received and acknowledged that the wording contributed to the problem. Here is what he said in the spring of 2008: "Why would the Iranians be willing to pay the international tariff they appear to be willing to pay for what they are doing now if they did not have, at a minimum, at a minimum, they did not have a desire to keep the option open to develop a nuclear weapon and perhaps even more so that they have already decided to do that?" More: "The other aspects of the Iranian nuclear effort, beyond the weaponization, the development of fissile material, the development of delivery systems, all continue apace." And this: "The only thing we claimed had been halted in '03 was the weaponization. The development of fissile material and the development of delivery systems continued. And one can make the case the development of delivery systems make no sense with just conventional warheads on top of them." Why Hayden now repeats a criticism of the NIE—one that he once shared—as if it were a defense of NIE is puzzling.
Read more...
Former CIA director Gen. Michael Hayden recently warned of the problems in President Obama's Afghanistan strategy. "We all knew it was a surge, and a surge doesn't last ... but drawing them out in the middle of the fighting season isn't looking at the calendar," Hayden said, according to the Associated Press. "As soon as we start to wobble, everybody in the neighborhood begins to misbehave. ...
Those who actually know what information was gathered from the use of enhanced interrogation techniques by CIA officers are now feeling vindicated. After years of being widely criticized for the program, information that these CIA interrogators learned from their use of enhanced interrogation techniques on terrorists finally led to the demise of al Qaeda founder and chief Osama bin Laden.
We are six years out from one of the most far-reaching reforms of U.S. intelligence in its history. In 2004, Congress passed legislation that created the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) to oversee and coordinate the sprawling collection of agencies that act as our nation's eyes and ears.
Michael Hayden was CIA director from 2006 to 2009. No one was waterboarded under his watch. But General Hayden has vigorously defended the CIA's role in interrogating al Qaeda prisoners. Here is an excerpt form a fascinating interview with Hayden, just published by the CIA's house organ, Studies in Intelligence:
In a hard-hitting, must-read op-ed that will run in tomorrow's Washington Post, former CIA Director Michael Hayden writes that the decision to Mirandize Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab was a mistake. "We got it wrong in Detroit on Christmas Day." Hayden, who comes to these issues with the valuable perspective of a man who has known the intelligence community from a variety senior positions, writes:
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Lessons of the Armenian Genocide, a hundred years on.
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A first-term Florida senator sets his sights on the White House
It was a fight to the finish
Hosted by Michael Graham.
The other woman with her eye on the White House.
Almost everything.
Get ready for an intra-party debate on entitlement reform.


text: Creator/BenjaminFranklin once said that the only things that were certain in life were death and taxes.This article describes how they are dealt with in the UK.(Although anyone who has ever actually lived in the UK knows that the two ''real'' certainties in Britain are [[SpotOfTea tea]] and [[DeadpanSnarker sarcasm]]. Well, either that, or tea and [[UsefulNotes/BritishWeather rain sometime that week]].)[[note]]UsefulNotes/CharlesII is reported to have said that TheThreeCertaintiesInLife are death, taxes, and "that it is raining in [[UsefulNotes/TheWestCountry Tavistock]]."[[/note]]'''Death'''''Black Cap Time- The Death Penalty''->"[[PreMortemOneLiner The sentence of the court upon you is, that you be taken from this place to a lawful prison and thence to a place of execution and that you be hanged by the neck until you are dead; and that your body be afterwards buried within the precincts of the prison in which you shall be confined before your execution. And may the Lord have mercy on your soul. Amen]]". When an English judge sentenced someone to death in the UK, they would put a black cap on over their wig before pronouncing sentence. Although the death penalty has now been fully abolished in the UK (the last offences that carried it went in the late 1990s), the black caps remain for ceremonial purposes.The last executions in the UK were on 13 August 1964 - the simultaneous hangings (at different prisons) of Peter Allen and Gwynne Evans for the murder of John West. The last death penalty sentence was handed down in 1973 to Liam Holden in Northern Ireland for the murder of a British soldier; it was commuted to life imprisonment. Holden was released in 1989 and in 2012 got the conviction quashed.There were a number of ways to be executed in the UK throughout history:* Hanged, drawn and quartered (ended 1814): One of if not the harshest form(s) of the death penalty ever imposed in Britain--or anywhere else for that matter--it was reserved for treason cases and only applied to men (women were burned until that punishment was ended in 1790) who were commoners (noble traitors of both sexes were beheaded). The process was [[CruelAndUnusualDeath very, very, nasty]]:** [[WhatADrag Tied to a wooden hurdle and dragged to the execution place]] (this is why the practice is sometimes inaccurately called "drawn, hanged and quartered".** Hanged by the neck for a short time until ''almost'' dead.** Disembowelled and castrated ''while still alive''.** Your genitalia and entrails burnt before your eyes.** Beheaded, the rest of your body cut into four and the parts displayed publicly around the town, city or even country (many a head ended up on London Bridge).* The Short Drop: If you've seen a ''RobinHood'' story (or indeed an American Western), this is the one they'll be using. The person is placed on a stool, the rope is hung around their neck and the stool is kicked away. The knot was usually placed behind the ear so that when the platform gives way, the person's neck is snapped, killing them instantly. If it was not done right, the other major cause of death was by slow strangulation, usually taking about three minutes. The person contorted considerably, hence the term "Hemp Fandango". There are cases of people who hanged fifteen to thirty minutes and ''survived''.* The Long Drop: Standard method from the 1800s. The person to be hanged stood on a trap door, which dropped open. This was [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Official_Table_of_Drops a rather exact process]]. Rope too short, Hemp Fandango. Rope too long, decapitation.** It was also, once executions went inside the prison, pretty quick - no last meal or final words. The condemned would be moved to a cell next to the room with the gallows in; the hidden wall linked the two. When the time came, the wall would open, the guards would enter and secure the prisoner's hands behind their back, led them to the gallows. Secure legs, hood over head, noose around, pull lever - done. The record from condemned cell to drop was ''seven seconds'', set by Albert Pierrepoint (the most well-known hangman in British history, who 'did' some of the best known wartime and post-war executions, including 200 Nazi war criminals) on James Inglis in 1951.*** An example of this process can be seen in the movie ''Film/TenRillingtonPlace'', featuring a recreation of the real-life hanging of Timothy Lee Evans, (wrongfully) convicted of killing his wife and baby daughter - it was in fact his serial killer landlord, John Christie. Pierrepoint served as an uncredited technical advisor here; this was the first depiction of a modern hanging on British film.* [[OffWithHisHead Beheading]]: Speaking of decapitation... Person sticks head on platform, axe man swings axe, head comes off. That was the theory. Often the axe was blunt. Or the executioner was drunk. When you think about what he was actually doing, you'd understand why. This resulted in multiple blows to remove people's heads on quite a few occasions. On these occasions, often the spectators would become angry at the executioner. This was a fairly standard method of executing noblemen, especially those convicted of treason; since many noblemen were convicted of treason when their plotting failed, this one tends to show up a lot in the history books.** A guillotine nicknamed 'The Maiden' was used a few times in Scotland, and is now on display in an Edinburgh museum.** There were cases of a sword being used, such as with Anne Boleyn, Mary Stuart and other people of very high rank.*** Mary Stuart's execution went wrong in many ways... the first blow missed her neck and struck the back of her head, at which point the queen's lips moved (her servants reported they thought she had whispered the words "Sweet Jesus"). The second blow severed the neck, all but a small bit of sinew which the executioner severed by using the axe as a saw. Afterward, the executioner held her head aloft and declared, "God save the Queen." (meaning Elizabeth I of course) At that moment, the auburn tresses in his hand came apart and the head fell to the ground, revealing that Mary was bald and had worn a wig. * Firing squad: Used by the [[BritsWithBattleships Armed Forces]]. Most notable during WorldWarOne.** A famous case is that of [[GeneralFailure John Byng]], executed for "[[YouHaveFailedMe failing to do his utmost]]" at the Battle of Minorca in 1756. This was satirised by Creator/{{Voltaire}} in ''Literature/{{Candide}}'', with the quote "in this country, it is wise to kill an admiral from time to time to encourage the others" ("pour encourager les autres"). Satire aside, some scholars have suggested it worked; after Byng's execution, Royal Navy officers became increasingly aggressive and adventurous, making riskier moves that often led to victories. After all, an officer who committed his ship(s) to combat against heavy odds could be killed in battle or yelled at once he got home if he lost, but win or lose he could hardly be accused of "failing to do his utmost", now could he?''Inquests''Only in England and Wales (in Scotland, the Procurator Fiscal investigates this), these are held by the coroner when a sudden and unexplained death occurs i.e. a suspected murder, a death in police custody or in an industrial accident. A coroner or frequently a jury decide the circumstances of the death after listening to sworn statements, usually from police officers, pathologists etc.These inquests do not establish criminal liability, but will guide further prosecutions if any and will frequently include recommendations for improvements to prevent things from happening again.The common verdicts are:* Natural causes* Accidental death* Death by misadventure, a lawful act that ended up in a fatality, such a drunken person falling into the path of a train.* Lawful killing e.g. a SuicideByCop* Unlawful killing i.e. murder, manslaughter or infanticide* Open verdict i.e. "we can't say for certain", frequently in cases where it looks like a suicide, but there was no note.** Or in the case of Jean Charles de Menezes, "the coroner won't let us say unlawful killing, but we sure can't call this lawful".* Narrative verdict: a summation of the facts of the death or death that does not attribute the cause to an individual* A number of AgathaChristie works feature an inquest returning a verdict of natural causes or suicide... and Poirot or Marple finding out it wasn't so.* Inquests are common in ''SilentWitness''.'''Taxes'''We'll cover benefits as well.The British government now has a record level of debt, taken on to try and stimulate the economy, bail out the banks etc.The UK's income tax is not especially interesting. In April 2008, the 10% starting rate was abolished, but the 22% basic rate was cut to 20%, with increased benefits for the majority former 10% payers, so they came out about even if not better off). This only actually applies they have children or are OAPs, for about 5 million of the lowest paid workers they will actually be worse off. Of course, since Britain isn't the state of Pennsylvania, the actual ''lowest'' paid workers still earn within the 0% rate band; workers slightly richer than that will pay 20% only on their slice of income above the exemption threshold. The prospect of a Labour party backbench revolt has led to the government now raising the starting threshold by Ł600, and lowering the top threshold. In April 2010, the Tory - Liberal coalition announced that the personal allowance would be increased to Ł7,475 in the 2011-12 financial year. The top rate is 45% (it used to be 80%+ as late as the '70s, and even 98%+ if 'unearned income' bonus tax was applied) for income over Ł150,000 or more with a higher rate of 40% for income over Ł37,400. Value Added Tax (VAT) is the rough UK equivalent of sales tax, except that it is usually added straight onto the cost of each item that you see. Certain items, however, are not taxed at the standard 20% rate, being at 5% or none whatsover. These include children's clothing, biscuits and cakes (but not chocolate-covered biscuits, which led to a rather interesting court case on [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaffa_Cake Jaffa Cakes]], which went in the maker's favour)- all at 0% and nappies at 5%.* As an attempt to stimulate the economy, VAT was reduced to 15% from October 2008 until January 2010, which basically knocked three pence of something costing Ł1.60. The Conservative- Lib Dem Coalition then increased it to 20%Road fuels (variant petrols, diesel; what Yanks call 'gasoline') is charged at a current rate of 50.35p per litre. VAT is added as well. In 2000, unleaded fuel had 80% of its value as tax. This led to six days of fuel protests in September 2000, which led to panic buying, schools starting to close and the only time in the 1997-2001 Parliament where the Conservatives were ahead in the polls.There is also duty on cigarettes, alcohol and tobacco. Cigarette duty goes up frequently.National Insurance, taken out of one's pay cheque, is somewhat of an equivalent to Social Security- and is over twenty years older. It's been criticised as a "stealth tax", due to frequent increases in it. Every resident in the UK has an NI number- it's used for the UsefulNotes/NationalHealthService as well.There are local taxes, called Council Taxes, but were formerly (and still are called by many) "rates". These taxes, based on the value of your property, have been highly controversial in recent years, with large-scale increases and several cases of deliberate non-payment.The United Kingdom has been often described as a Welfare State. This first started under the Liberal Government of 1906-1915, but hit the big time with the 1945-1951 Labour Government.The most common one that you'll encounter is Jobseeker's Allowance, aka "the dole" or "the giro". In order to get this, you have to "sign on" every two weeks and actually look for work. The actual money is now transferred into bank accounts automatically, but people formerly queued to collect it in "the dole queue".* This was shown in the famous "Labour Isn't Working" 1979 election poster by the Conservatives.Britain has a variety of tax and benefits forms- a number of corridors in the ''Series/DoctorWho'' story "The Sunmakers" are named after them, e.g. the P45 form that is given by new employees to their employer (it gives the pay and tax figures from their previous job; it's possibly more famous as the form given by employers to recent ex-employees, and frequently functions as a metonym for dismissal). A now defunct form, [=UB40=], has a reggae band named after it (they did a famous cover of "Red Red Wine").'''Death and Taxes'''And of course, Death and Taxes may be unavoidable, but they can also be one and the same...The Inheritance Tax!![[note]]Popular legend says that In the Liberal reforms of 1906-1915, UsefulNotes/DavidLloydGeorge, frustrated with the big hereditary estates of England's (Tory) landed gentry, decided that "It is by far preferable to tax the rich when they are already dead. I wish they'd hurry up." [[/note]]----


text:
Basically with the help of style sheets you can present one site to Googlebot and a totally different one to surfers.
Will Google address this "art form"?
If you aren't using style sheets to style your paragraphs, lists, and h1 tags then you are missing the point of stylesheets.
p.s. Even Google styles their h1 tags. Nothing wrong with doing it.
If you are talking about "hiding" as in making them disappear altogether, that's a different matter.
There have been many discussions on the subject and in my opinion it definitely isn't spam.
It serves a use for accessibility and even helps little googlebot find the start of your "real" content.
Why the paranoia?
People who design with standards in mind!
[edited by: mcavill at 10:30 pm (utc) on Dec. 11, 2003]
Bada-boom! Bada-bing!
Thank you folks for coming out to the H1 CSS Discussion show! You've been a great audience!
Be sure to join us next week when we do it all over again. Have a good night!
If I were to have some long paragraph describing "questionable widgets" where "questionable widgets" was placed in h1 tags then resized to match the rest of the paragraph using css; thats concealing what is really present.(cloaking if you will)
I use 1 <h1>, couple of <h2>, and a few <h3> and <h4> if possible. A few <p> and </p> and some <a href>. That's it. No size, color, text font formatting. Because I am lazy. In my newest site, I have even removed css files. Striving to manage the most primitive websites. :-)
It's the title of the document!
How on earth are you supposed to write a page without using <h1> tags? Use some sort of script to tell the browser that some other tag represents the primary document heading? Please...
Future (and present in one case) search engines aren't looking for WORDS, they are looking for PHRASES and how the words are used in context of the surrounding text.
Design your page with an H1 embedded in a paragraph and I bet you won't get a better ranking than you would had you placed it as a header describing the following paragraph like it's supposed to be.
GOLDEN RULE OF SEO: Don't design your pages for a computer. Design your pages for humans who will read them.
Not sure I get it with this H1 business. Seems to me that 99% of the H1s I see are modified with CSS. In other words, 99% of the H1s I see are there for SEO reasons, rather than for the user.
Why not just use any old CSS text, rather than an H1? How does the browser benefit from finding an H1?
The point is not the ranking but the intention behind the usage of H tags and CSS. ciml's post above covers that.
If the golden rule of SEO is to design for humans then why is it called Search Engine Optimization?
Folks - NOTHING wrong with using Heading tags and furthermore theres NOTHING wrong with formatting them the "correct-preferred" way - using CSS!
Actually I think Krapulator's post #6 covers intentions of using H1 the best. Using header tags is a standard for webpage design as noted by the W3C [w3.org].
Now with today's website you need to be able to integrate a heading into the look and feel of the site. That's where CSS comes into play.
If you choose to place an H1 illogically in the middle of a paragraph then you just defeated the true purpose of the H1 tag. That's obviously designing a page for a computer rather than a human.
The spiders are getting smarter. SEO techniques that worked 4 years ago don't work anymore. Heck I would even go so far as to say that techniques that worked a month ago don't work anymore!
EDIT: Look's like ChrisD beat me to the W3C :)
thanks, I can now die in peace!
You use h1 for headings. This is valid W3C MarkUp and is good for accessibility (think of a blind person using a reader, which would say aloud "Heading: My Widgets Page". That is function.
That does not mean you have to accept the ugly huge default text. So you use css to make headings consistent with the overall style of your site. That is form.
Title, headings, sub-headings, paragraphs etc... all have semantic meaning and give a document (and the reader a sense of) structure.
It follows that any archival and retrieval system (and human), will categorise/index/search using the defined semantic tools available... it just makes sense!
As others have said, CSS is merely a way to format the tag and thus overcome the normal (abysmal) html rendering the <hx> tag affords.
Like anything in life, it can be abused.
Because most SEO companies have built their entire business on lies and scare tactics!
Even Googles guidelines state;
I bolded the different content to show that Google *probably* does not care about CSS and H1 tags.


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Technical Data |
Anguinomycin A (5-Demethyl-leptomycin A, KR 2827A, Antibiotic KR 2827A) |
100ug |
Biochemicals | Storage: -20°CShipping: Blue Ice |
Anguinomycin A, isolated from a Streptomyces sp., displays nanomolar cytotoxicity to murine P388 leukemia cells. In addition, it shows antitumour activity in mice against murine Lewis lung carcinoma and P388 leukemia. Anguinomycin A is an analogue of Leptomycin B, an inhibitor of nuclear export of proteins. Purity: >95% by HPLC Solubility: Soluble in ethanol or methanol. Ethanol recommended. Unstable in DMSO. Related to: Leptomycin A, Leptomycin B, Kazusamycin A, Kazusamycin B CAS Number: 111278-01-4 Molecular Formula: C31H44O6 Molecular Weight: 512.68 |
Source: Streptomyces sp. Important Note: This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications without the expressed written authorization of United States Biological. |


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On a lovely early evening in downtown Iron mountain, I took a moment to stop and see what was being created so beautifully on a downtown wall off of Hughitt Street.
There, creating a beautiful mural based on the word "Believe," was Mia Tavannati and several other talented young artists, donating their time and talent for all of us to enjoy for many years.
I was impressed and will be anxious to view the completed mural.
If you haven't had the pleasure to see this mural being created right before our eyes, take time now to stop and view it as it is being created. What a gift to our city.
I applaud Mia, other artists, DDA and John Ringel, and anyone who has helped make this Power of Word Project happen in our town.
Orice Walters
Iron Mountain


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KALAMAZOO, Mich. Down the dirt roads of his segregated city, Elson Floyd walked home and cried.
Next year, his white friends would board airplanes and fly north to college-prep schools, leaving North Carolina and the town of Henderson, like uncaged birds. But Elson? Today at school, his eighth-grade teacher refused to help him apply to those faraway academic institutions.
All his life, he'd been working toward this. Study and learn, his parents told him. Poverty had forced them to quit school before ninth grade, but Dorothy Floyd vowed her sons wouldn't share the same fate. Study and learn.
For the children of a bricklayer and tobacco-factory worker, it was the best chance to rise. And Elson did. He could read before kindergarten. He borrowed books from the segregated Dunbar Library and practiced arithmetic in sandbeds outside his house. He taught CPR to neighborhood kids, trekked 3 miles to a segregated grade school and helped his younger brothers with their homework because his parents could not.
Monday is his first day as president of the University of Missouri system. In addition to overseeing four campuses, he will have to confront one of the UM system's worst budget crises in history and deal with a tuition lawsuit that could cost $400 million.
As president, he will live in a mansion on Providence Point, but his character still reflects the two-bedroom house built from the salvaged bricks of old buildings where he grew up.
Floyd's family, colleagues and friends say those childhood lessons about hard work, learning, faith and compassion have endured, like a birthmark.
"Elson wants to be the son (his mother) wants Elson to be," said Dick Richardson, a former provost at the University of North Carolina.
When Floyd wakes at 5:30 a.m. to work or run or swim, he does it because Elson Sr. roused his four sons out of bed every day to do chores.
Floyd remembers growing up "not viewed as a person" in the segregated South, so now he focuses on treating everyone with equal respect — janitor, student, university elite.
And just as the crying eighth-grader sought his mother's help and advice more than 30 years ago when he was left behind, 46-year-old Elson Floyd again called on her when the UM system offered him the job, and asked: "What do you think about it, Mama?"
Floyd has the hands of an athlete, construction worker and politician. They are broad and rough, as if still callused from the summers he slung mortar and hauled brick with his father. Creases veer across his palms like canals, and he shakes hands as if he's still catching footballs — clamping down, holding on.
His open hand doesn't just rise in greeting. It bursts from his side as if pulled from nowhere, like a bird from a magician's hand. The Floyd handshake is famous at Western Michigan University, where he has been president the past four years.
He walks across campus and greets students, asks about their classes and says, "What can the university do better for you?"
Students talk about Floyd like he's their cool older brother. He high-fives them at football games, invites student leaders over for barbecues — he has an apron warning: "Beware of me and my cooking" — and has earned the nickname "Flo-dog." Flo for short.
"He makes you feel very at ease, very confident in his abilities," said John Knowles, Western Michigan's student-government president. "He doesn't put on any facades. He's a man of the people. He's one of us."
At university parties, he lingers after the guests leave and talks to the student catering staff. He thanks them one by one and cracks jokes. He claps his hand onto a shoulder or pats a back, and sometimes he'll embrace a person he's met just once, closing them into his strong swimmer's arms.
Elson Floyd's hugs are back-slapping friendly, but also strangely intimate.
"He was your best buddy within a few minutes of talking to him," said friend Ed Sackley, a staff member for Kalamazoo U.S. Rep. Fred Upton.
Floyd is a walking spotlight now, but he remembers North Carolina in the 1960s, when he was treated like another invisible black kid.
"It is impossible to ever forget coming up in segregation," said Louis Felton, pastor of Kalamazoo's Galilee Baptist Church, where Floyd attends services.
"He lived during a time when he saw signs coming down that separated us from lunch counters. He saw the barriers fall."
In Henderson, a town 37 miles northeast of Durham, Floyd lived on the black end of High Street, a gravel road that smoothed into pavement when it entered the white end of town. His parents always worked, but food sometimes ran low, so Dorothy Floyd would trek to a relative's house and ask someone to slaughter a hog so her boys could eat.
"I taught him to go to school, and he did," Dorothy Floyd said. "He's always been a very smart boy. He was always trying to do something in the community."
Floyd's mother also taught him about God. She took him to Mount Mariah Methodist Church and hoped the sermons would inspire Floyd to become a preacher. They never did, but he remained deeply spiritual.
In high school, he would sit on his bed for hours, reading the Bible and meditating. Floyd still goes to church nearly every Sunday, but he is quick to say, "Those are my values and not necessarily the values of others. I respect others' decisions in that regard."
Floyd grew up around a quiet racism. He was not taunted or attacked, simply disregarded. He went to segregated schools and libraries and sat in the Embassy movie-theater balcony reserved for blacks.
Few people nodded or said hello in the streets of Henderson, a city of about 13,000 during the 1960s.
"He was never in a position where he could look past people, but he was looked past many times," said Lynn Turner, a reporter with the Kalamazoo Gazette who has covered Floyd during his Western Michigan tenure.
Now, Floyd tries to reach out to everyone he meets. "The core of this man is that he's able to embrace all people," said Walker, a former Western Michigan faculty member who was on the committee that hired Floyd.
Floyd's friendliness isn't just personality — it's also strategy. Upton said Floyd wasted no time greeting and making friends with Michigan lawmakers. Floyd said he'll do the same in Missouri.
But Upton and a dozen other people stress this: Floyd's caring isn't a façade. He takes pictures with politicians, but he and his wife, Carmento, also send cards and visit the hospital when an acquaintance's parent falls ill or dies.
"He's never playing a game," Upton said.
As 500 students and rioters burned furniture in the street, as a car went up in flames, as police rapped on their riot shields like tribal drummers, Floyd somehow had to be a leader.
A March 2002 party in a student-heavy Kalamazoo neighborhood had erupted into a riot — the second one in six months. Floyd and city officials walked through the melee at 3 a.m. His eyes were dark and hard, and he told a reporter he was "bereft of ideas."
Being a leader was so much easier at Darlington School, where Floyd got his first taste of formal leadership. After scoring well on a standardized test, Floyd received a full scholarship to the private Georgia boarding school in Rome, Ga., and attended his last two years of high school. He was the school's first African-American graduate. He made a mark. Varsity football captain and all-state lineman, varsity track, president of two clubs and vice-president of two more.
Now, when colleagues dissect Floyd's personality, they say he is calm and collected, always listening. He meets constantly with students and faculty and will cobble together panels to discuss issues like the riots, an engineering park, the student commons. He rarely takes notes or takes sides during the discussion.
Former classmate Steve Moreno said Floyd showed the same equanimity in high school. He mediated arguments and defended kids who were the target of pranks or taunts.
Floyd would say to their bullies, "These are people, too."
"Being the smooth guy in the suit — that's not a real big change," Moreno said.
Floyd took special care to look out for a boy two years younger named Eric Hansen, the school's only other African-American student, said David Deaton, Floyd's former roommate.
"There was a lot of racial tension in town at that time," said classmate Michael Free. "Being one of the first African-Americans, that was a challenging undertaking for him. But he fit right in."
Floyd has said race doesn't influence his approach to running a school, and he doesn't want it to tint people's views of him.
"He does not cast himself as a black leader, but as a leader for all people," Felton, his pastor, said. "The first thing you notice about Dr. Floyd is not his blackness, but his leadership."
His friends and teachers said race was never a divider at Darlington. Floyd wrapped his arms around his friends' shoulders and walked through the halls with them. He played games with the young daughters of George Awsumb, an English teacher at Darlington. He taught his friends dance moves, and they conspired during church to find dates for him.
"That entire school became a surrogate family to me," Floyd said. "They played a significant role in my life and development."
But few got an intimate glimpse into his life or knew more than the basics about his family. Many of Floyd's friends said he guards carefully the private corners of his life and mind.
Floyd and his wife, Carmento, have tried to keep their children, Kenney, 19, and Jessica, 17, as far from the spotlight as possible.
Floyd's father died of cancer in Sept. 2000. When Lewis Walker, a friend and Western Michigan professor, asked Floyd how he was doing, Floyd told Walker, "I' m fine. I'm OK. Thank you for your offers, but I'm OK."
Only a few people close to Floyd knew how hard he was hit by Elson Sr.'s death, Dorothy Floyd said.
To see the deeper Elson Floyd, you have to earn his trust over time, Richardson said.
"You have to mirror-image the things he believes in himself," Richardson said. "He has to have confidence in your trustworthiness."
Moreno said, "He keeps his guard up until he's sure he can trust you. He didn't like people to know there were emotional connections to them. But underneath, he's worried about them. You see a very caring, deeply human interest."
Floyd never planned to devote his life to higher education. Like so many things, his family is why he's here today.
Floyd had received a degree in political science from the University of North Carolina in 1978 and was thinking about law school. It seemed like a logical next step. But his younger brother was about to begin college, and Floyd wanted to help with tuition.
Floyd had been active in student government at UNC and landed a job as an assistant dean for student life. He rose through the UNC administrative ranks and picked up a master's degree and Ph.D.
He left North Carolina in 1990 to work at Eastern Washington University, then returned five years later to become executive vice chancellor, where he oversaw the business end of the university.
Floyd landed at Western Michigan in 1998 and created a devoted collection of supporters during the following four years.
"Working with him is like walking in the footsteps of a giant," said Chris Donathan, one of Western's legislative liaisons. "I've learned more from watching and being around him than in all my classes at Western. That's no bull——. He rubs off on you."
When he talks about his boss, Donathan sounds more like a disciple than an employee. Floyd has this effect on students and colleagues — and even on his adversaries.
The people who admire Floyd like his energy and drive and sharp eye for detail. They talk about the way he rises at 5:30 a.m. to swim laps and wakes in the middle of the night to answer stray e-mails. They talk about the time someone changed the margins on Western stationery half an inch — and he noticed right away.
A wide cross-section of university and city leaders reveal few complaints about Floyd's tenure.
Rick Reinstein, a history major and editor of the Western Herald, said Floyd neglected aging Arts and Sciences buildings as he focused on developing the new research park. Teddy Haarz said Floyd put politics over fairness in dealing with one consequence of the March 2002 riot.
Haarz, 26, a Western undergraduate, was arrested and suspended for nine months after taking a photograph of the riot. Police found an open bottle of rum in Haarz's pocket.
"I don't agree with how he handled it, but I have to commend him for sitting down with me," Haarz said. "He's very hands-on."
Western professor and city commissioner Don Cooney said students and faculty are still mystified about why Floyd fired Provost Fred Dobney, who was hired two years into Floyd's tenure.
But even Floyd's academic sparring partners, such as Cooney, say Floyd never holds grudges or cuts off debate on an issue.
"We could fight on the issues," Cooney said.
The hands were busy tonight. It was Western Michigan University's semester-end bash, but the sleety Dec. 19 night turned into a farewell party for Floyd and Carmento as politicians, friends and university trustees lined up to say goodbye.
After the speeches ended and most of the guests left the gymnasium-turned-ballroom, it was just Floyd and the catering staff.
"OK, guys, what we're going to do now is we're going to do a photo," Floyd tells the students.
He and the students lined up and plastered smiles onto their faces as the photographer's camera clicked away. From the front, it looked as if everyone's arms hung slack at their sides. But what the onlookers and the camera couldn't see is that Floyd locked his left arm around Tong Ee Lim, a Malaysian exchange student. It was a tiny gesture inside a tiny moment, but nobody shared it except these two men, linked together among rows of black and white.
Some of Floyd's Accomplishments at Western Michigan University:
-Oversaw the development of a 265-acre site that became the Business, Research and Technology Park and will hold a new building for Western's engineering college.
-Improved the diversity curriculum by helping to transform African studies from a small program into a full-fledged department.
-Strengthened ties between Western and the city of Kalamazoo.
-Lead Western's $125 million capital campaign.
-Increased enrollment by 13 percent and improved the school's image. The average student's ACT score held flat at 22, however.


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General Information. Lombok is an island in West Nusa Tenggara (Nusa Tenggara Barat or NTB) province, Indonesia. It forms part of the chain of the Lesser Sunda Islands, with the Lombok Strait separating it from Bali to the west and the Alas Strait between it and Sumbawa to the east. It is roughly circular, with a "tail" (Sekotong Peninsula) to the southwest, about 70 km across and a total area of about 4,725 km² (1,825 sq mi). The provincial capital and largest city on the island is Mataram. It is somewhat similar in size and density with neighboring Bali and shares some cultural heritage, but is administratively part of NTB along with sparsely populated Sumbawa. It is surrounded by a number of smaller islands locally called Gili. The island is home to some 3.16 million Indonesians as recorded in the decennial 2010 census, and in 4 regencies along with the provincial capital Mataram.
Administration. Lombok is under the administration of the Governor of the province of West Nusa Tenggara (Nusa Tenggara Barat). The island is divided into four regencies, North Lombok Regency, Central Lombok Regency, East Lombok Regency and West Lombok Regency. The province of West Nusa Teggara is administered from the provincial capital of Mataram in West Lombok.
History. Little is known about the Lombok before the seventeenth century. Before this time it was made up of numerous competing and feuding petty states each of which were presided over by a Sasak 'prince'. This disunity was taken advantage of by the neighboring Balinese who took control of western Lombok in the early seventeenth century. The Makassar's meanwhile invaded eastern Lombok from their colonies in neighboring Sumbawa. The Dutch had first visited Lombok in 1674 and the Dutch East India Company concluded its first treaty with the Sasak Princess of Lombok. The Balinese had managed to take over the whole island by 1750, but Balinese infighting resulted in the island being split into four feuding Balinese kingdoms. In 1838, the Mataram kingdom brought its rivals under control. Relations between the Sasak and Balinese in western Lombok were largely harmonious and intermarriage was common. In the island's east, however, relations were less cordial and the Balinese maintained control from garrisoned forts. While Sasak village government remained in place, the village head became little more than a tax collector for the Balinese. Villagers became a kind of serf and Sasak aristocracy lost much of its power and land holdings. During one of the many Sasak peasant rebellions against the Balinese, Sasak chiefs sent envoys to the Dutch in Bali and invited them to rule Lombok. In June 1894, the governor general of the Dutch East Indies, Van der Wijck, signed a treaty with Sasak rebels in eastern Lombok. He sent a large army to Lombok and the Balinese raja capitulated to Dutch demands. (see Dutch intervention in Lombok) The younger princes however overruled the raja and attacked and routed the Dutch. The Dutch counterattacked overrunning Mataram and the raja surrendered. The entire island was annexed to the Netherlands East Indies in 1895. The Dutch ruled over Lombok's 500,000 people with a force of no more than 250 by cultivating the support of the Balinese and Sasak aristocracy. While the period was one of deprivation for the Sasak, they Dutch are remembered as liberators from Balinese hegemony. During World War II a Japanese invasion force comprising elements of the 2nd Southern Expeditionary Fleet invaded and occupied the Lesser Sunda Islands, including the island of Lombok. They sailed from Soerabaja harbor at 09:00 hrs on 8 March 1942 and proceeded towards Lombok Island. On 9 May 1942 at 17:00 hrs the fleet sailed into port of Ampenan on Lombok Island. The Dutch defenders were soon defeated and the island occupied. Following the cessation of hostilities the Japanese forces occupying Indonesia were withdrawn and Lombok returned temporarily to Dutch control. Following the subsequent Indonesian independence from the Dutch, the Balinese and Sasak aristocracy continued to dominate Lombok. In 1958, the island was incorporated into the province of West Nusa Tenggara with Mataram becoming the provincial capital. Mass killings of communists occurred across the island following the abortive coup attempt in Jakarta and Central Java. During President Suharto's New Order administration, Lombok experienced a degree of stability and development but not to the extent of the boom and wealth in Java and Bali. Crop failures led to famine in 1966 and food shortages in 1973. The national government's transmigration program moved a lot of people out of Lombok. The 1980s saw external developers and speculators instigate a nascent tourism boom although local's share of earnings was limited. Indonesia's political and economic crises of the late 1990s hit Lombok hard. In January 2000, riots broke out across Mataram with Christians and ethnic Chinese the main victims, with alleged agents provocateur from outside Lombok. Tourism slumped, but in recent years has seen a renewed growth.
Demographics The island's inhabitants are 85% Sasak whose origins are thought to have migrated from Java in the first millennium BC Other residents include an estimated 10–15% Balinese, with the small remainder being Tionghoa-peranakan, Javanese, Sumbawanese and Arab Indonesians. The Sasak population are culturally and linguistically closely related to the Balinese, but unlike the Hindu Balinese, the majority are Muslim and the landscape is punctuated with mosques and minarets. Islamic traditions and holidays influence the Island's daily activities. In 2008 the Island of Lombok had 866,838 households and an average of 3.635 persons per household. The 2010 census recorded a population of 4,496,855 people in the province of NTB, of which 70.42% reside on Lombok, giving it a population of 3,166,685. Read More...
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The Rinjani mountain is the second highest peak active volcano in Indonesia and absolutely a challenging mountain walk and you must be prepared with good equipment, warm and windproof clothing if you want to make adventure trekking to the summit of Rinjani mountain 3726 m. Trekking to Rinjani mountain lombok Indonesia can attract severe storms, lightening , read more...
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Komodo Adventure Cruise
Sailing from Lombok to Komodo island is one of your great adventure cruise package ever, you will have multi activities on marine route also at several small island as one of your eco travel combination that will gain you many new friends ever and will make your families get closer to you, imagine you are covering by the extraordinary...read more...
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Gili Island is three perfect coral islands, fringed with white ansds and swaying palm trees, lay in the sparkling ocean just off the north-west coast of Lombok, For many years the Gilis have attracted visitors from around the world for pristine waters, great diving and snorkeling opportunities.
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May 22, 2014 TULSA, Okla. - Tulsa senior Jill Barrett added another national academic honor to her resume Thursday when she was named to the 2014 Capital One Academic All-America Division I Softball First Team, as selected by the College Sports Information Directors of America. Barrett was recently selected to the CoSIDA Academic All-District team for the third time, and led the Golden Hurricane to within one win of advancing to the Super Regional round of the NCAA Softball Championship. The infielder from Greenwood, Ark., is also a three-time member of the Conference USA All-Academic Team and a four-time member of the C-USA Commissioner's Honor Roll. She has compiled a 3.69 GPA majoring in exercise and sports science, while also working on minors in deaf education and speech pathology. Barrett was named the 2014 C-USA Player of the Year, is a three-time first-team All-C-USA selection and a three-time NFCA All-Region selection. She is the NCAA career active leader in hits (322), leads the nation with 101 hits this season, and ranks seventh in the country with a .461 batting average. She recorded 33 multiple-hit games in 62 contests, and tallied 15 extra base hits, 30 RBI and scored a school-record 59 runs this season. She set school single season records for batting average, hits, runs scored and on-base percentage (.510). Barrett is the second player in TU softball history to earn first-team Academic All-America honors, and the school's third Academic All-American overall. Sara Dyer (2005-08) earned first team Academic All-America honors in 2007 and 2008, and Brandi McGuire (2000-03) was a second-team selection in 2003.
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