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Probability theory is based on the paradigm of a random experiment; that is, an experiment whose outcome cannot be predicted with certainty, before the experiment is run. In classical or frequency-based probability theory, we also assume that the experiment can be repeated indefinitely under essentially the same conditions. The repetitions can be in time (as when we toss a single coin over and over again) or in space (as when we toss a bunch of similar coins all at once). The repeatability assumption is important because the classical theory is concerned with the long-term behavior as the experiment is replicated. By contrast, subjective or belief-based probability theory is concerned with measures of belief about what will happen when we run the experiment. In this view, repeatability is a less crucial assumption. In any event, a complete definition of a random experiment requires a careful definition of precisely what information about the experiment is being recorded, that is, a careful definition of what constitutes an outcome.
The term parameter refers to a non-random quantity in a model that, once chosen, remains constant. Many probability models of random experiments have one or more parameters that can be adjusted to fit the physical experiment being modeled.
The subjects of probability and statistics have an inverse relationship of sorts. In probability, we start with a completely specified mathematical model of a random experiment. Our goal is perform various computations that help us understand the random experiment, help us predict what will happen when we run the experiment. In statistics, by contrast, we start with an incompletely specified mathematical model (one or more parameters may be unknown, for example). We run the experiment to collect data, and then use the data to draw inferences about the unknown factors in the mathematical model.
Suppose that we have \(n\) experiments \((E_1, E_2, \ldots, E_n)\). We can form a new, compound experiment by performing the \(n\) experiments in sequence, \(E_1\) first, and then \(E_2\) and so on, independently of one another. The term independent means, intuitively, that the outcome of one experiment has no influence over any of the other experiments. We will make the term mathematically precise later.
In particular, suppose that we have a basic experiment. A fixed number (or even an infinite number) of independent replications of the basic experiment is a new, compound experiment. Many experiments turn out to be compound experiments and moreover, as noted above, (classical) probability theory itself is based on the idea of replicating an experiment.
In particular, suppose that we have a simple experiment with two outcomes. Independent replications of this experiment are referred to as Bernoulli trials, named for Jacob Bernoulli. This is one of the simplest, but most important models in probability. More generally, suppose that we have a simple experiment with \(k\) possible outcomes. Independent replications of this experiment are referred to as multinomial trials.
Sometimes an experiment occurs in well-defined stages, but in a dependent way, in the sense that the outcome of a given stage is influenced by the outcomes of the previous stages.
In most statistical studies, we start with a population of objects of interest. The objects may be people, memory chips, or acres of corn, for example. Usually there are one or more numerical measurements of interest to us—the height and weight of a person, the lifetime of a memory chip, the amount of rain, amount of fertilizer, and yield of an acre of corn.
Although our interest is in the entire population of objects, this set is usually too large and too amorphous to study. Instead, we collect a random sample of objects from the population and record the measurements of interest of for each object in the sample.
There are two basic types of sampling. If we sample with replacement, each item is replaced in the population before the next draw; thus, a single object may occur several times in the sample. If we sample without replacement, objects are not replaced in the population. The chapter on Finite Sampling Models explores a number of models based on sampling from a finite population.
Sampling with replacement can be thought of as a compound experiment, based on independent replications of the simple experiment of drawing a single object from the population and recording the measurements of interest. Conversely, a compound experiment that consists of \(n\) independent replications of a simple experiment can usually be thought of as a sampling experiment. On the other hand, sampling without replacement is an experiment that consists of dependent stages.
Probability theory is often illustrated using simple devices from games of chance: coins, dice, card, spinners, urns with balls, and so forth. Examples based on such devices are pedagogically valuable because of their simplicity and conceptual clarity. On the other hand, it would be a terrible shame if you were to think that probability is only about gambling and games of chance. Rather, try to see problems involving coins, dice, etc. as metaphors for more complex and realistic problems.
Consider the coin experiment of tossing a coin \(n\) times and recording the score (1 for heads or 0 for tails) for each toss.
In the simulation of the coin experiment, set \(n = 5\). Run the simulation 100 times and observe the outcomes.
Consider the dice experiment of throwing a \(k\)-sided die (with sides numbered 1 to \(k\)), \(n\) times and recording the scores for each throw.
In reality, most dice are Platonic solids (named for Plato of course) with 4, 6, 8, 12, or 20 sides. The six-sided die is the standard die.
In the simulation of the dice experiment, set \(n = 5\). Run the simulation 100 times and observe the outcomes.
In the die-coin experiment, a standard die is thrown and then a coin is tossed the number of times shown on the die. The sequence of coin scores is recorded (1 for heads and 0 for tails).
The first stage consists rolling the die and the second stage consists of tossing the coin. The stages are dependent because the number of tosses depends on the outcome of the die throw.
Run the simulation of the die-coin experiment 100 times and observe the outcomes.
In the coin-die experiment, a coin is tossed. If the coin lands heads, a red die is thrown and if the coin lands tails, a green die is thrown. The coin score (1 for heads and 0 for tails) and the die score are recorded. Identify the experiment as a compound experiment that consists of dependent stages.
The first stage consists of tossing the coin and the second stage consists of rolling the die. The stages are dependent because different dice (that may behave differently) are thrown, depending on the outcome of the coin toss.
Run the simulation of the coin-die experiment 100 times and observe the outcomes.
A standard card deck can be modeled by the product set
\[ D = \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, j, q, k \} \times \{\clubsuit, \diamondsuit, \heartsuit, \spadesuit \} \]where the first coordinate encodes the denomination or kind (ace, 2-10, jack, queen, king) and where the second coordinate encodes the suit (clubs, diamonds, hearts, spades). Sometimes we represent a card as a string rather than an ordered pair (for example \(q \heartsuit\) rather than \((q, \heartsuit)\)).
Consider the card experiment that consists of dealing \(n\) cards from a standard deck.
In the simulation of the card experiment, set \(n = 5\). Run the simulation 100 times and observe the outcomes.
The special case \(n = 5\) is the poker experiment and the special case \(n = 13\) is the bridge experiment.
Open each of the following to see depictions of card playing in some famous paintings.
Urn models are often used in probability as simple metaphors for sampling from a finite population.
An urn contains \(m\) distinct balls, labeled from 1 to \(m\). The experiment consists of selecting \(n\) balls from the urn, without replacement, and recording the sequence of ball numbers.
Consider the basic urn model of the previous exercise. Suppose that \(r\) of the \(m\) balls are red and the remaining \(m - r\) balls are green. Identify an additional parameter of the model. This experiment is a metaphor for sampling from a general dichotomous population
The parameters are the population size \(m\), the sample size \(n\), and the number of red balls \(r\).
In the simulation of the urn experiment, set \(m = 100\), \(r = 40\), and \(n = 25\). Run the experiment 100 times and observe the results.
An urn initially contains \(m\) balls; \(r\) are red and \(m - r\) are green. A ball is selected from the urn and removed, and then replaced with \(k\) balls of the same color. The process is repeated. This is known as Pólya's urn model, named after George Pólya.
Open the image of the painting Allegory of Fortune by Dosso Dossi. Presumably the young man has chosen lottery tickets from an urn.
Buffon's coin experiment consists of tossing a coin with radius \(r \leq \frac{1}{2} \) on a floor covered with square tiles of side length 1. The coordinates of the center of the coin are recorded, relative to axes through the center of the square, parallel to the sides. The experiment is named for comte de Buffon.
In the simulation of Buffon's coin experiment, set \(r = 0.1\). Run the experiment 100 times and observe the outcomes.
In the usual model of structural reliability, a system consists of \(n\) components, each of which is either working or failed. The states of the components are uncertain, and hence define a random experiment. The system as a whole is also either working or failed, depending on the states of the components and how the components are connected. For example, a series system works if and only if each component works, while a parallel system works if and only if at least one component works. More generally, a \(k\) out of \(n\) system works if at least \(k\) components work.
Consider the \(k\) out of \(n\) reliability model.
The reliability model above is a static model. It can be extended to a dynamic model by assuming that each component is initially working, but has a random time until failure. The system as a whole would also have a random time until failure that would depend on the component failure times and the structure of the system.
In ordinary sexual reproduction, the genetic material of a child is a random combination of the genetic material of the parents. Thus, the birth of a child is a random experiment with respect to outcomes such as eye color, hair type, and many other physical traits. We are often particularly interested in the random transmission of traits and the random transmission of genetic disorders.
For example, let's consider an overly simplified model of an inherited trait that has two possible states (phenotypes), say a pea plant whose pods are either green or yellow. The term allele refers to alternate forms of a particular gene, so we are assuming that there is a gene that determines pod color, with two alleles: \(g\) for green and \(y\) for yellow. A pea plant has two alleles for the trait (one from each parent), so the possible genotypes are
The genotypes \(gg\) and \(yy\) are called homozygous because the two alleles are the same, while the genotype \(gy\) is called heterozygous because the two alleles are different. Typically, one of the alleles of the inherited trait is dominant and the other recessive. Thus, for example, if \(g\) is the dominant allele for pod color, then a plant with genotype \(gg\) or \(gy\) has green pods, while a plant with genotype \(yy\) has yellow pods. Genes are passed from parent to child in a random manner, so each new plant is a random experiment with respect to pod color.
Pod color in peas was actually one of the first examples of an inherited trait studied by Gregor Mendel, who is considered the father of modern genetics. Mendel also studied the color of the flowers (yellow or purple), the length of the stems (short or long), and the texture of the seeds (round or wrinkled).
For another example, the \(ABO\) blood type in humans is controlled by three alleles: \(a\), \(b\), and \(o\). Thus, the possible genotypes are \(aa\), \(ab\), \(ao\), \(bb\), \(bo\) and \(oo\). The alleles \(a\) and \(b\) are co-dominant and \(o\) is recessive. Thus there are four possible blood types (phenotypes):
Of course, blood may be typed in much more extensive ways than the simple \(ABO\) typing. The RH factor (positive or negative) is the most well-known example.
For our third example, consider a sex-linked hereditary disorder in humans. This is a disorder due to a defect on the X chromosome (one of the two chromosomes that determine gender). Suppose that \(h\) denotes the healthy allele and \(d\) the defective allele for the gene linked to the disorder. Women have two X chromosomes, and typically \(d\) is recessive. Thus, a woman with genotype \(hh\) is completely normal with respect to the condition; a woman with genotype \(hd\) does not have the disorder, but is a carrier, since she can pass the defective allele to her children; and a woman with genotype \(dd\) has the disorder. A man has only one X chromosome (his other sex chromosome, the Y chromosome, typically plays no role in the disorder). A man with genotype \(h\) is normal and a man with genotype \(d\) has the disorder. Examples of sex-linked hereditary disorders are dichromatism, the most common form of color-blindness, and hemophilia, a bleeding disorder. Again, genes are passed from parent to child in a random manner, so the birth of a child is a random experiment in terms of the disorder.
There are a number of important processes that generate random points in time
. Often the random points are referred to as arrivals. Here are some specific examples:
To formalize an experiment, we might record the number of arrivals during a specified interval of time or we might record the times of successive arrivals.
There are other processes that produce random points in space
. For example,
Again, to formalize an experiment, we might record the number of points in a given region of space.
In 1879, Albert Michelson constructed an experiment for measuring the speed of light with an interferometer. The velocity of light data set contains the results of 100 repetitions of Michelson's experiment. Explore the data set and explain, in a general way, the variability of the data.
The variablility is due to measurement and other experimental errors beyond the control of Michelson.
In 1998, two students at the University of Alabama in Huntsville designed the following experiment: purchase a bag of M&Ms (of a specified advertised size) and record the counts for red, green, blue, orange, and yellow candies, and the net weight (in grams). Explore the M&M data. set and explain, in a general way, the variability of the data.
The variability in weight is due to measurement error on the part of the students and to manufacturing errors on the part of the company. The variability in color counts is less clear and may be due to purposeful randomness on the part of the company.
In 1999, two researchers at Belmont University designed the following experiment: capture a cicada in the Middle Tennessee area, and record the body weight (in grams), the wing length, wing width, and body length (in millimeters), the gender, and the species type. The cicada data set contains the results of 104 repetitions of this experiment. Explore the cicada data and explain, in a general way, the variability of the data.
The variability in body measurements is due to differences in the three species, to all sorts of envirnomental factors, and to measurement errors by the researchers.
On June 6, 1761, James Short made 53 measurements of the parallax of the sun, based on the transit of Venus. Explore the Short data set and explain, in a general way, the variability of the data.
The variability is due to measurement and other experimental errors beyond the control of Short.
In 1954, two massive field trials were conducted in an attempt to determine the effectiveness of the new vaccine developed by Jonas Salk for the prevention of polio. In both trials, a treatment group of children were given the vaccine while a control group of children were not. The incidence of polio in each group was measured. Explore the polio field trial data set and explain, in a general way, the underlying random experiment.
The basic random experiment is to observe whether a given child, in the treatment group or control group, comes down with polio in a specified period of time. Presumabley, a lower incidence of polio in the treatment group compared with the control group would be evidence that the vaccine was effective.
Each year from 1969 to 1972 a lottery was held in the US to determine who would be drafted for military service. Essentially, the lottery was a ball and urn model and became famous because many believed that the process was not sufficiently random. Explore the Vietnam draft lottery data set and speculate on how one might judge the degree of randomness.
This is a difficult problem, but presumably in a sufficiently random lottery, one would not expect to see dates in the same month clustered too closely together. Observing such clustering, then, would be evidence that the lottery was not random.
One could argue that some of the examples discussed above are inherently deterministic. In tossing a coin, for example, if we know the initial conditions (involving position, velocity, rotation, etc.), the forces acting on the coin (gravity, air resistance, etc.), and the makeup of the coin (shape, mass density, center of mass, etc.), then the laws of physics should allow us to predict precisely how the coin will land. This is true in a technical, theoretical sense, but false in a very real sense. Coins, dice, and many more complicated and important systems are chaotic in the sense that the outcomes of interest depend in a very sensitive way on the initial conditions and other parameters. In such situations, it might well be impossible to ever know the initial conditions and forces accurately enough to use deterministic methods.
In the coin experiment, for example, even if we strip away most of the real world complexity, we are still left with an essentially random experiment. Joseph Keller in a wonderful article The Probability of Heads
deterministically analyzed the toss of a coin under a number of ideal assumptions:
Of course, few of these ideal assumptions are valid for real coins tossed by humans. Let \(t = \frac{u}{g}\) where \(g\) is the acceleration of gravity (in appropriate units). Note that the \(t\) just has units of time (in seconds) and hence is independent of how distance is measured. The scaled parameter \(t\) actually represents the time required for the coin to reach its maximum height.
Keller showed that the regions of the parameter space \((t, \omega)\) where the coin lands either heads up or tails up are separated by the curves
\[ \omega = \left( 2n \pm \frac{1}{2} \right) \frac{\pi}{2t}, \quad n \in \N \]The parameter \(n\) is the total number of revolutions in the toss. A plot of some of these curves is given below. The largest region, in the lower left corner, corresponds to the event that the coin does not complete even one rotation, and so of course lands heads up, just as it started. The next region corresponds to one rotation, with the coin landing tails up. In general, the regions alternate between heads and tails.
The important point, of course, is that for even moderate values of \(t\) and \(\omega\), the curves are very close together, so that a small change in the initial conditions can easily shift the outcome from heads up to tails up or conversely. As noted in Keller's article, the renown probabilist and statistician Persi Diaconis determined experimentally that typical values of the initial conditions for a real coin toss are \(t = \frac{1}{4}\) seconds and \(\omega = 76 \pi \approx 238.6\) radians per second. These values correspond to \(n = 19\) revolutions in the toss. Of course, this parameter point is far beyond the region shown in our graph, in a region where the curves are exquisitely close together.


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This property allows you to book online with a credit card. After submitting a reservation request, the owner or manager has 24 hours to accept, at which time your card will be charged and you will receive an email confirmation
Recent Cole Valley reviews
"We found the location in Cole Valley fantastic - the apartment is close to Cole Valley and the Muni train, and just a short walk to UCSF, Golden Gate Park, Haight St and other key locations. We loved visiting the Cole Valley area and found it had everything we needed - the grocery store was excellent, there are lots of speciality stores and there is a great cafe (the Boulange) and wonderful restaurants (Zazie was a favourite). The apartment is very well equipped and we found everything we needed had been anticipated. The dining area is very sunny and the rooms were always warm when we came back from UCSF in the evenings - this was really nice as San Francisco can be cooler, even in the summer! Joy and her family were very thoughtful and kind during our visit and we would happily stay in the apartment again. The apartment was very clean and tidy and we felt at home immediately. The only minor points we'd note is that people with limited mobility might find the walking up to 17th street a challenge, though those who like a short climb will love the location. We weren't used to having people live above us so found we noticed the upstairs noise when we first arrived, though we soon got accustomed to this and found the overall location very quiet and peaceful. Overall, we loved our stay here and would happily recommend the apartment to others."
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StartUpHire is the place to find Senior Linux Systems Engineer jobs. Review the list of Senior Linux Systems Engineer career opportunities to the left. These Senior Linux Systems Engineer jobs represent some of the most rewarding careers available.
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More information about this job Overview DDN Storage is the world leader in high performance and massively scalable data management and storage solutions that accelerate business results and scientific insights for data-centric organizations worldwide. Our unified, end-to-end
4/20/2015 Columbia, MD Save This JobMore information about this job Overview DataDirect Networks (DDN.com) is a world leader in massively scalable storage. We are the leading provider of data storage and processing solutions and professional services that enable content-rich and high-growth IT environments to
3/21/2015 Columbia, MD Save This JobLattice Engines is looking for a high-caliber, well-rounded technology professional with experience designing and managing various server and network technologies to join its SaaS Operations group. The candidate will be instrumental in the design, implementation and management
3/9/2015 Boston, MA Save This JobAbout Bill.com Bill.com is the leading digital business payments company creating magically simple A/P and A/R solutions. We are at the center of business payments, uniting banks and businesses on the fastest growing payments network. Bill.com helps over 600,000 businesses
3/21/2015 Palo Alto, CA Save This JobPassport Systems Inc. has an immediate opening for a Senior Embedded Software Engineer. Passport Systems develops innovative products based on disruptive technologies that address global security concerns, including non-intrusive cargo scanners capable of volumetrically
3/10/2015 Billerica, MA Save This JobJob Description: Work closely with other development engineers, quality and support groups. Develop new features, performance improvements, observability instruments and bug fixes for JVM and other system components. Coach junior colleagues. Directly interact with customers to
3/25/2015 Sunnyvale, CA Save This JobCompany Overview Cloudmark produces high performance messaging security solutions to the world?s largest ISPs, mobile and social networks. Our customers include over 100 of the world's largest Internet service providers, including the majority of tier-1 operators in North
2/25/2015 San Francisco, CA Save This JobThe Senior Systems Engineer, Big Data Systems is responsible for building, operating and managing our heterogeneous Data Systems Platform in the Technical Operations group. The Data Systems Platform consists of large Hadoop and HBase installations, several messaging platforms as
3/5/2015 New York, NY Save This JobPassionate about code or automation? Love working with various systems (Cloud, Bare Metal)? At Integral we are looking for outspoken people who have a desire to build and share. We are in the unique position of being able to fix processes, systems, and code while aiming to build
4/13/2015 New York, NY Save This JobLocation: Pasadena, CA Department: Engineering, Operations Type: Full Time Min. Experience: Experienced As an early-stage start-up, Metacloud offers a unique opportunity for talented, passionate, and highly-creative systems engineers to have a wide-ranging impact on our
3/18/2015 Pasadena, CA Save This JobLocation: Pasadena, CA Department: Engineering, Operations Type: Full Time Min. Experience: Experienced As a rapidly growing start-up, Metacloud now apart of Cisco, offers a unique opportunity for talented, passionate, and highly-creative systems engineers to have a wide-ranging
3/18/2015 Pasadena, CA Save This JobAirbnb operates global, mission critical enterprise systems for its growing business operations spanning all time zones. These systems operate 24/7/365 and are fundamental in ensuring the productivity of our employees and third party employees. Airbnb is therefore looking to hire
3/7/2015 San Francisco, CA Save This JobSenior Network Security Engineer - SOC(3rd Shift Sun -Thurs, 11pm - 7am) in Reston Virginia United States Danaher Company Description .Arbor Networks is a leading provider of network security and monitoring solutions for global networks. Its customers include over 70 percent of
2/21/2015 Reston, VA Save This JobALTIERRE POWERING A RETAIL REVOLUTIONAltierre is a leading provider of wireless dynamic pricing solutions for large retail chains. Implementing price changes is a multi-billion dollar problem for retailers around the globe. Altierre?s integrated wireless platform is a
2/21/2015 San Jose, CA Save This JobWhat you?ll do As a Senior Application Security Engineer you will be a critical member of the Application Security and Software Engineering teams. They will be responsible for the assessment, internal and external audits in cloud environments and our WEMO product families. They
4/20/2015 Los Angeles, CA Save This JobJob Description MaxPoint is seeking a Senior IT Infrastructure Engineer in our Austin office. The Senior IT Infrastructure Engineer will be responsible for supporting our heterogeneous Microsoft Windows and Linux/Unix server environment. The individual in this position must
4/27/2015 Austin, TX Save This JobSan Francisco We are seeking a Senior Site Reliability Engineer to build scalable, highly available systems in order to keep up with the rapid growth of Prosper?s business. This Engineer leads the implementation of both on premise and cloud-hosted Unix servers running production
4/1/2015 San Francisco, CA Save This JobRaleigh, NC Job Description MaxPoint is seeking a Senior IT Infrastructure Engineer in our Morrisville, NC office. The Senior IT Infrastructure Engineer will be responsible for supporting our heterogeneous Microsoft Windows and Linux/Unix server environment. The individual
3/28/2015 Raleigh, NC Save This JobYapta is seeking an experienced Senior Systems Engineer (DevOps), excited by the convergence of technology and travel. As part of an agile development team, you will be building, automating and managing the infrastructure for the FareIQ price tracking assurance platform ? a
3/17/2015 Seattle, WA Save This JobDepartment: Corporate IT Description: MetraTech empowers organizations to embrace change through a unique, agreements-based billing and compensation solution that is relationship-driven and supports fluid, individualized and interrelated agreements across customers, suppliers
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For anyone heading to Italy in the summer, a day or two (or three…) at the beach would definitely be on their to-do list, and where better to enjoy the waters of the Mediterranean, than in Sardinia? Known as the second largest island in the Mediterranean Sea after Sicily, Sardinia has long stretches of coastline that is punctuated by numerous beaches, resorts, and coastal villages. While the island is also known for its traditions, museums, parks, and nature reserves, those wanting to relax and enjoy some sun and sand might want to check out the Sardinia's best beaches. Spiaggia Rosa (Pink Beach) In Sardinia, there belongs a group of tiny islands known collectively as the La Maddalena, and in this group is the island of Budelli, and on this island is the beach of the pink sands, Spiaggia Rosa. Yes, you read that right: the sand on this beach is […]
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Classic Italy Tour, August 2011 -


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06:22 GMT - "Fear and confusion" - Families, the sick and elderly have been packed into parks and other open spaces in Kathmandu after losing their houses, with others too terrified of aftershocks to return home. "This is a nightmare, why don't these aftershocks stop?" asks 70-year-old Sanu Ranjitkar, clutching her dog and with an oxygen mask strapped to her face, sitting under a tarpaulin. 06:19 GMT - Supplies - "We need more helicopters for our rescue operations in rural areas," home minister spokesman Laxmi Prasad Dhakal tells AFP.
CENTENNIAL, Colo. (AP) — The key to the death penalty trial of a man who methodically shot at moviegoers at a Batman movie premiere will be what was going on inside his mind as he threw smoke canisters and then marched up and down the aisles, firing at anyone who tried to flee.
By Hideyuki Sano TOKYO (Reuters) - A rally in Chinese stocks led Asian equities to 7-year highs thanks to expectations of more stimulus from Beijing with stellar earnings from a few U.S. hi-tech giants further underpinning a broadly positive mood. Some markets were slightly more subdued as the focus shifted to central bank meetings this week in the United States and Japan. MSCI's broadest index of Asia-Pacific shares outside Japan rose 0.6 percent, led by solid gains in Greater China, with Hong Kong shares hitting a seven-year high and Taiwanese shares a 15-year high. European shares are seen mixed, with spreadbetters expecting 0.2 percent gains in Germany's DAX and largely flat openings for Britain's FTSE and France's CAC40 Japan's Nikkei slipped 0.2 percent mainly on the yen's gains.


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August 22, 2015, 8pm, Main Stage Amphitheater
Note: REO Speedwagon has cancelled
several shows including their
appearance at this year's festival.
Stay tuned for more information.
Concert Rules
Concertgoers can leave the fenced area with a wristband for re-entry.
No outside alcohol. Beer, wine, cider (served by Gilgamesh Brewing), and food will be available for purchase inside fenced area.
Sealed Water and Pop bottles are permitted. (Please no glass containers)
No pets, except service animals.
No bikes or skateboards permitted.
Parking $5
Fireworks follow concert.
Wristband Information
Gates will open at 10 a.m. Saturday.
Wristbands will be placed on all persons entering the venue and will be required to enter or exit the Amphitheater. Once the Amphitheater has reached capacity, individuals can listen to the concert from other areas in the park.
The concert is free. Donations are encouraged to offset the cost of the event.
Alcohol cannot be brought into the venue. All coolers and bags may be inspected. Alcohol will be available for sale inside the venue and monitored in compliance with Oregon Liquor Control Commission regulations. Food will be available for purchase on site.
Call 541-917-7777 for more information.


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This really sums up the subject.
Fantastic pic
know how he feels!
wow… hey where is this?
Thanks very much every one!!
For mren: this was taken in Mont Orgueil in Gorey, Jersey.
Fab BnW,great tones and DOF!
Excellent shot and color!
Wander who carved it! Would love to see it in person


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We hope your relationship with Voorhees doesn't end with your graduation. You can stay connected to the college by participating in one of our alumni chapters across the country or by visiting the campus during one of the year's many special events. You're also welcome to return to work with students as a guest speaker or lecturer you'll serve as a wonderful example of what they, too, can achieve with a degree from Voorhees. You financial support is important as well. It's donations such as yours that help today's students and tomorrow's graduates realize their dreams.
If you're looking to reconnect with your undergraduate and need anything at all, please get in touch with our Alumni Affairs office. Call us at (803) 780-1192 or email email@example.com.
Around Voorhees
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What's Happening at Voorhees
Apr 27
2015 Athletic Banquet
May 02
Undergraduate Final Exams Spring 2015
May 08
2015 Baccalaureate Service
May 09
118th Commencement Convocation
May 18
2015 Summer School


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Human Rights Considerations in International Investment ArbitrationEric De BrabandereLeiden University - Grotius Centre for International Legal Studies March 8, 2013 Published in Malgosia Fitzmaurice and Panos Merkouris, The Interpretation and Application of the European Convention of Human Rights: Legal and Practical Implications (Leiden/Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2012) Grotius Centre Working Paper 2013/001-IEL Leiden Law School Legal Studies Research Paper Series Abstract: Despite the apparent opposition between the two concepts, human rights protection and international investment law in fact share many common features, the most important being the weak or vulnerable position of both individuals and foreign investors in relation to the state, which can take decisions affecting their rights and obligations without their participation. This reality has been one of the main justifications behind the grant of rights and protection to both individuals and foreign investors. The protection of foreign investment is a relatively old concept in international law and relations but has in the past decades evolved and developed rapidly. Globalisation of the world economy and the weakening of the barriers traditionally faced by investors in broadening their field of activity in foreign states has resulted in an expansion of foreign commercial activity in states. At the same time, states have privatised many areas of the public sector, such as such water, sewage, gas and the management of (hazardous) waste sites. This privatisation has often been done by relying on foreign investors, and has thus led to the involvement of non-state entities in functions usually exercised by state organs or entities. Privatisation is of course not problematic in se, since it can improve public health and human rights generally, but it can also result in a decreased respect for human rights. The involvement of foreign investors has only been possible by giving them far-reaching protection from unilateral interference by the host state. Such protection is often materialized through the signature of investment treaties between the host state and the home state of the investors. The protection offered to investors in investment law is done via different 'standards', and most often includes the direct access of individuals and corporations to international arbitration. As a result of privatisation and the involvement of foreign investor in public sectors however, host states which are bound by international human rights norms and obligations under international investment agreements can be faced with a conflict of obligations. Indeed, the investment agreements between the host state and the foreign investor can amount to violation of the obligation for the host state to protect or to ensure the protection of the human rights within its territory, especially when the privatisation has resulted in the endangerment of human rights relating to health. But any action by the host state to remedy this violation might then be considered as a breach of the state's obligation under international investment agreements and/or investment contracts. In this chapter I will assess the rules relating to the conflict between human rights and investment obligations, and the way in which human rights considerations, raised as defences to 'justify' alleged breaches of international investment treaties could be and have been dealt with by investment tribunals. I will particularly zoom in on human rights considerations invoked by the host state and non-disputing third parties. The first section will briefly depict the specificities of international investment arbitration in order to better grasp the reasoning of investment tribunals with respect to human rights considerations. I will next address the human rights obligations of foreign corporations and host states. This responsibility will be addressed both from the perspective of the host state and from the perspective of the corporation. I will then discuss the potential conflict between those human rights responsibilities and the responsibility of states with reference to their obligations under investment treaties, and the way in which investment tribunals have dealt with human rights considerations raised by the host state. Finally, I will discuss the role played by NGOs in bringing human rights considerations before investment dispute settlement proceedings as 'friends of the court'. Number of Pages in PDF File: 27 Keywords: investment treaty arbitration, human rights, treaty interpretation, amicus curiae, jurisdiction, applicable law Date posted: March 9, 2013 ; Last revised: January 16, 2014Suggested CitationContact Information
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Fine Art (Digital Media, Drawing & Painting, Printmaking, Sculpture) BA
Why Dundee
Our course will support you to develop the skills necessary to function as an informed and successful artist. You will study at Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art and Design (DJCAD), part of the University of Dundee.
Fine Art at Dundee
Our students engage with the world through a wide range of exciting conceptual, textual and material processes.
Why study Fine Art at Dundee?
Fine Art's position within the University of Dundee creates exciting opportunities for cross-disciplinary research and teaching. The diverse backgrounds and multicultural perspectives of our students enrich our programmes. Innovation and creativity are key to our success. They prepare our students for a wide variety of careers in creative practice and related areas.
Our students work in wide range of mediums. Some focus on a single discipline while others enjoy a multidisciplinary approach.
Fine Art mediums include:
- drawing
- painting
- sculpture
- installation
- printmaking performance
- film
- photography – both digital and analogue
The course is primarily focused on making. Fine Art study, however, will also equip the student with knowledge of the history and theory essential to the contemporary practitioner. We also support students to develop their critical and contextual understanding of art.
Did You Know?
- DJCAD Fine Art graduate Susan Philipsz won the Turner Prize in 2010
Facilities and Workshops
Fine Art also maintains first class workshops for:
- woodworking - from picture framing to large scale construction
- sculpture in plaster, resin and metal – including cast, welded and forged
Each facility is staffed by two full time technicians. Students also benefit from access to all workshops across the school. This includes media labs for editing and green-screen filming; digital and dark room photography, ceramics, textile printing and digital making.
Digital Portfolio
Applicants normally demonstrate the skills required for entry to this programme in a digital portfolio. This should demonstrate your interests, passions and knowledge. It might show:
- drawings
- collage
- film
- sound work
- photography
- print and painting
At the end of the course you will be able to:
- produce a work of art to a professional standard
- manage your own projects
- develop good time management and self-reflective critique
Who should study Fine Art?
- artistic
- creative
- independent
- imaginative
- visually stimulated
- experimental
You want to:
- develop your technical ability
- learn professional practices
- develop critical and self-critical understanding
Art & Media Programme
Fine art is one of three courses that comprise the art & media programme. The full list is art, philosophy, contemporary practices, time based art & digital film and fine art. This programme has an established reputation as the only interdisciplinary arts curriculum in Scotland.
The bringing together of three distinct pathways under the art and media programme offers a broad educational experience. It gives access to a wide range of staff expertise while also allowing you to gain deep knowledge and expertise in your chosen subject pathway of fine art.
Learn more about DJCAD
For further examples of student work, staff profiles and news visit the DJCAD website.
Our students rate us as No.1 and to prove it we gave 5 people the chance to sample student life for 2 days.
Check out their experience on testdrive.dundee.ac.uk
Related Courses
- Animation
- Architecture
- Art Design General
- Art, Philosophy, Contemporary Practices
- Digital Interaction Design
- Graphic Design
- Illustration
- Interior Environmental Design
- Jewellery and Metal Design
- Product Design
- Textile Design
- Time Based Art & Digital Film
What You'll Study
Our staff are all practitioners at a high level. They exhibit and publish nationally and internationally, instigating projects, exhibitions and events that receive critical acclaim. This vital professional engagement is reflected in stimulating and enthusiastic teaching.
In 2015 Fine Art Tutor Graham Fagen will represent Scotland at the Venice Biennial
The Honours degree programme is based on a core of studio skills, practical techniques, methods and materials, underpinned by critical understanding. Drawing, painting, sculpture, print, digital imaging, photography, video, performance, installation and artists' books are explored by Fine Art students. Interdisciplinary studies are encouraged for students whose ideas and interests cross the boundaries between media.
Throughout the programme, studio work is strongly supported and contextualized through the study of relevant history and theory.
Throughout the four year programme, studio work is strongly supported and contextualised through the study of relevant History and Theory. Contemporary attitudes and issues are discussed and developed through:
- Lectures
- Seminars and group critiques
- (Enhanced by an introduction to Professional Practice)
All programmes have written elements which are fully integrated with practice.
The School is firmly committed to the principle of individual tutorial support, delivered by a wide range of specialist staff, themselves practising artists. Senior students are allocated a personal tutor whose role is to negotiate an appropriate programme of work and to support them in the development of their individual research and studio practice. Students have access to all School staff.
The majority of teaching takes place in the studios and is a combination of:
- one-to-one tutorials
- group critiques between students and studio staff
- joint critiques between students and studio staff and critical and contextual study staff
Further enrichment comes from a programme of visiting lecturers. Students in recent years have greatly benefited from close access to exhibitions, lectures and workshops at Dundee Contemporary Arts.
Level 1
Students can enter Fine Art after successfully completing our Art and Design (General Foundation) course (apply for course WW12) or on successful completion of a recognised Foundation Course or equivalent (apply for course W100). This is normal for many art and design courses.
In the Art and Design (General Foundation) course you will learn the core values which will enrich and expand your personal visual language, preparing you nicely for a further 3 years in Fine Art.
Level 2
- Foundation of Contemporary Practice
- Technical skills and workshops
- An introduction to Critical and Contextual Studies
Level 2 broadens your understanding of the creative possibilities for personal development. We will also introduce you to the wide range of facilities we offer and you will begin technical training. You will also attend Contemporary Practice courses where you will begin to understand the practice of art in todays society.
Level 3
- Self-Directed Practice: Experimentation and Investigation
- Professional Practice Placement
- Elective modules such as The Contemporary Portrait Print and Printibility, The Undiscovered Landscape and Art, Science and Visual Thinking, Critical and Contextual Studies Introduction to dissertation writing
- Optional one semester of exchange study at an international institution
In level 3 you begin to take ownership of your own learning. You will develop a relevant programme of study and research with multi-disciplinary options. You will develop your professional knowledge and your technical ability. You will also be given the opportunity to take part in a cultural trip or an exchange programme to gain an understanding of art from a different country and widen your horizons.
Level 4
- Honours degree studies
- Professional Practice, Presentation and Exhibition
- Dissertation
- Degree Show Exhibition
In your final year you will work entirely on your own personal project. From start to finish you will create a work of art to professional levels. You will exhibit your project at the end of the year at the Dundee Degree Show. You will also complete a cohesive dissertation.
Work is assessed twice a year, at the end of each semester, while individual reviews offer the student additional guidance.
The course has a strong record of producing graduates who have gone on to establish successful careers as artists, exhibiting and making work nationally and internationally. Significant numbers of Fine Art graduates progress to study taught postgraduate programmes in the UK and abroad.
Fine Art graduates have developed careers in exhibition curation, publishing, writing and research, gallery management, arts administration and project management, teaching in all sectors; primary, secondary, Further and Higher Education, community arts and art in health care. Our graduates enter industries that require creative skills and knowledge, including the media, film and entertainment industries.
Entry Requirements
The following are the minimum requirements, please note qualifications have to be obtained at the first sitting of examinations.
Please note that the entry requirements in our printed prospectus may be subject to change. The entry requirements listed below are up to date and should be referred to in case of any discrepancy.
Courses starting 2015
Qualification | Grade | |
SQA Advanced Higher | BB (Advanced Higher) + BB (Higher) in different subjects | |
GCE A-Level | ABB | |
IB Diploma | 34 points (including 6, 6, 5, at Higher level) | |
Essential Subjects | Art and Design, or related subject (at SQA Advanced Higher, GCE A-Level, IB Higher Level), an appropriate literate subject (at SQA Advanced Higher, GCE A Level, IB Higher Level) and one other subject outside art & design subjects (at SQA Higher, GCE A Level, IB Higher Level). | |
EU & International | Applicants with alternative overseas qualifications should visit the relevant country page on our International website. | |
Other Qualifications | ||
SQA | A recognised Foundation Course or a relevant HND with BB in the Graded Units | |
Scottish Baccalaureate | Pass with BB at AH | |
SWAP Access | ||
EDEXCEL | A recognised Foundation Course or a relevant BTEC Extended Diploma with DDM | |
Advanced Diploma | Grade B with ASL A-levels in appropriate subjects at AB | |
Welsh Baccalaureate | Pass with A-levels in appropriate subjects at AB | |
European Baccalaureate | 75% overall with 7.5 in an Art & Design subject and 7.5 in a literate subject |
Courses starting 2016
Qualification | Grade | |
SQA Advanced Higher | BB (Advanced Higher) + BB (Higher) in different subjects | |
GCE A-Level | ABB | |
IB Diploma | 34 points (including 6, 6, 5, at Higher level) | |
Essential Subjects | Art and Design, or related subject (at SQA Advanced Higher, GCE A-Level, IB Higher Level), an appropriate literate subject (at SQA Advanced Higher, GCE A Level, IB Higher Level) and one other subject outside art & design subjects (at SQA Higher, GCE A Level, IB Higher Level). | |
EU & International | Applicants with alternative overseas qualifications should visit the relevant country page on our International website. | |
Other Qualifications | ||
SQA | A recognised Foundation Course or a relevant HND with BB in the Graded Units | |
Scottish Baccalaureate | Pass with BB at AH | |
SWAP Access | ||
EDEXCEL | A recognised Foundation Course or a relevant BTEC Extended Diploma with DDM | |
Advanced Diploma | Grade B with ASL A-levels in appropriate subjects at AB | |
Welsh Baccalaureate | Pass with A-levels in appropriate subjects at AB | |
European Baccalaureate | 75% overall with 7.5 in an Art & Design subject and 7.5 in a literate subject |
Fees & Funding
There have been many changes to the arrangements for funding students entering higher education in recent years, yet a degree from the University of Dundee, with its high rate of employment success, remains a cost-effective option.
The fees you pay will depend on your fee status. Your fee status is determined by us using the information you provide on your application. Find out more about fee status.
Fee category | Fees for students starting 2015 |
Scottish students | £1,820 per year of study (for Sept 2014 entry). Fees for September 2015 will be confirmed by the Scottish Government in early 2015. |
Rest of UK students | £9,000 per year, for a maximum of 3 years, even if you are studying a four year degree. See our scholarships for rest of UK applicants. |
EU students | £1,820 per year of study (for Sept 2014 entry). Fees for September 2015 will be confirmed by the Scottish Government in early 2015. |
Overseas students (non-EU) | £12,950 per year of study. See our scholarships for international applicants. |
Scottish and EU students can apply to the Students Award Agency for Scotland (SAAS) to have tuition fees paid by the Scottish Government.
Rest of the UK students can apply for financial assistance, including a loan to cover the full cost of the tuition fees, from the Student Loans Company.
Tuition fees for Overseas (non-EU) students are guaranteed for the length of your course. This means that the tuition fee you pay in your first year (shown above) is the same fee you will pay for each year of your course. We guarantee that this will not increase while you are studying with us. The only exceptions to this are our MBChB Medicine, BSc Medical Sciences and BDS Dentistry degrees which charge a different tuition for the clinical years.
Your Application
Students applying for Fine Art must successfully complete our 1 year Art and Design (General Foundation) course. In this instance you should apply using the UCAS code WW12.
Alternatively, if you have already completed a recognised foundation course or equivalent elsewhere then apply directly to Fine Art.
All applicants must submit a comprehensive portfolio of art and design work. The qualifications listed may be modified for an applicant presenting an exceptional portfolio.
Students are selected by assessing the contents of a portfolio of work that should convey a measure of creative, practical skill and intellectual/enthusiastic engagement in the practice of art and design.
The level of achievement required for entry to this programme will normally be demonstrated by a comprehensive, yet edited portfolio which is likely to contain drawing, painting, documentation of 3D works, related studies, collages, photographic material, sketchbooks, notes and other material appropriate to your studies so far, material which should reflect your creative and imaginative interests.
Students who have completed a recognised Foundation course or equivalent may apply for advanced entry to second year.
Your portfolio should be thoughtfully compiled.
We provide the opportunity to work across the discipline boundaries. A student in Fine Art can draw, paint make sculpture, print, work with video and photography, perform, work with sound or any other medium in order to explore and develop ideas.
Research shows that three out of four art school graduates find work within the creative industries and graduates report high levels of satisfaction with their careers.
Do not worry, all students are given a chance to decide which discipline or subject they would like to choose after an initial period of experimentation in the first part of the General Course. Once in the area of Fine Art there are still many opportunities to try different approaches to art practice.
Degree | UCAS Code | KIS Data | |
Apply Now | Fine Art (Digital Media, Drawing & Painting, Printmaking, Sculpture) BA | W100 |


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Sleeps | 8 |
Bedrooms | 3 |
Bathrooms | 2 |
Property type | house |
Minimum Stay | 2 nights |
A beautiful 3 bedroom / 2 bath home with sleeping loft, situated on the North Shore of Kaua'i in the town of Princeville. 2000 square feet living space plus a 200 sq ft covered lanai. A fully outfitted home whose amenities include:
+TV/VCR/DVD and home theater system in the living room
+ Master bedroom has a king size bed and TV with DVD
+Additional bedrooms and a loft have:
1) Queen Bedroom: Queen size bed and a TV/DVD with cable.
2) Twin Bedroom: a twin bed and a full size bed.
3) Loft: A futon sleeper with a full size mattress.
* Fully stocked kitchen, newly remodeled with new appliances, including microwave, coffee maker, toaster, and blender
*All linens, towels, etc.
Additional Amenities: * All linens, including beach towels
* Washer and dryer
* Outdoor shower (hot/cold water) with privacy screen
* Toys, games, puzzles, and books for kids and adults
* Gas BBQ grill on the 200' covered lanai
* Fruit trees
* View of beautifully landscaped gardens and permanent green space from lanai and all windows
* Accessibility options including ramped entry, single level design, shower chair, wide doorways and bath tub handles
Walking Distance to Beaches, Golf, Shops: * Walk to Queen's Bath - a natural lava pool.
* Walk to Anini Beach.
* Walk to Makai Golf Course.
* Walk to Princeville town center shops.
* Walk to Hanalei Beach Park.
* Walk to Hanalei Valley Overlook.
We bought this house in 2002 after searching for two years for a house that felt like it was made for Hawaii. We finally found this house and have been very happy with it. We improve it in some way each time we come, for example during the last trip we added new fishtail palms to the garden, replaced the TV in the Queen Bedroom and hung new artwork. The house is a work in progress, it just keeps getting better. We are a family of four, with two daughters, including our older daughter who has a spinal cord injury. It was for her that we added the wheelchair ramp to the front porch, insisted on a single level floor plan and have a shower bench that can be installed when needed.
Laurel Moorhead purchased this house in 2002
We love Kaua'i. We have been coming regularly since 1994 and began looking for a house in 2000. We chose the North Shore because of the beauty of the area, the limited development, the easy access to beautiful beaches and hiking. We chose Princeville because of the accessibility to shopping, beaches and hikes. Grant loves to golf, Laurie walks for hours each day, Marissa loves to jump off the pier in Hanalei Bay and Sara likes to walk to the library and shoot hoops at the neighborhood basketball court.
We absolutely loved the Yoga House. It was spacious, clean, and close to many of the North Shore's gorgeous beaches and towns. The outside shower was a pleasant bonus after multiple days of beach hopping due to sand collecting in varies articles of clothing, as well as between the toes etc. The high ceilings were reminicent of a Tahoe ski chalet with screened open windows throughout. Necessary ecoutrements included dishwasher, laundry, and coffee pot. Kitchen was apt with space, not garganteous by any means, but enogh to prepare food for 6.
Drawbacks included a tempermental wi-fi (router needs to be replaced) as well as an amazing 5.1 surround sound stereo system with auxilary jack that 3 stereo nerds could not figure out. This was quite a bummer, it was as if a beautiful Porsche was there for us in the garage sans the car keys. Petty perhaps, but music is a key ingrediant for any get away.
Hands down, we would consider coming back to this place in a heartbeat. Princeville has the amenities at hand for a home rental, grocery store, food, etc. and close to the best parts of Kauai....Hanalei, Larsen's Beach and Kapaa. If you can avoid the madness of the south shore, please do. The East and North shore is lush with rain forests and empty beaches and cooler weather peppered by warm and transient rainfall.
We had a lovely stay at The Yoga House. My husband, sister and I spent a week in September. The house was well equipped, very clean, and provided some welcome extra's (snorkel equipment, beach chairs, boogie boards, lots of beach towels, sunblock etc.) which came in very handy. Located in a residential area of Princeville, it's an easy walk to Queen's Bath and the golf course and a short drive to Princeville center.
Laurel was very friendly and responsive and provided lots of information. We would definitely recommend this property to a friend.
A couple things to note, the master bedroom faces the road. This is a quiet area and there is not a lot of traffic on the road. However at night you can see into the master bedroom through some of the windows. There are pretty tropical plants just outside that provide some privacy but it is not completely covered. We were here in the summer and it was hot even at night, there is no air-conditioning, but there are a few fans provided. This was not a big deal for us, but it might be a problem for those people expecting to have air conditioning. We couldn't figure out the new sound system for the TV, they have a new system installed and the instructions had not been updated. Again this was just a minor inconvenience. Overall we enjoyed our stay; I think this is a great place for a family with kids.
We were very pleased with our stay at "Hale Yoga" (Yoga House) in Princeville. It is well maintained with all the amenities, just as described. The area is so very maluhia (peaceful) too. We would recommend staying at Hale Yoga. Grant & Laurie, Mahalo nui loa for sharing your lovely home!!
The Yoga House is conveniently located in the Princeville area of Kauai not far from the famouns St Regis Hotel on Hanalei Bay. We had a wonderful stay therel It is set up well for disablility access and I would recommend it for anyone.
We found this house to be well appointed, thoughtfully decorated, and very comfortable. It is situated near Hanalei and a set of lovely beaches on the north shore of Kauai. The hosts are very organized and easy to communicate with. The house was extremely clean and well supplied. We enjoyed the spacious living room, the lanai, comfortable bedrooms, and the outdoor shower. The house is located on a relatively quiet street with no very close neighbors. We had a lovely stay.
Great location, great value.
Loved the master, and the 2nd bedroom. Loved the outside shower.
Things didn't like. 3rd bedroom not very comfortable, youngest son got a lot of mosquito bites in the house. Ran mosquito "zapper" (provided in the house) all the time while in house.
Beach, rain forest, nature, hiking, golf, mountains, waterfalls, wildlife, snorkeling, coral reef, ocean, river, walking, kayaking.
Rate Period | Nightly | Weekend Night | Weekly | Monthly * | Event | ||||
My Standard Rate
2 night minimum stay
Cleaning Fee | $236.25 |
Tax Rate | 13.25% |
Notes |
The cleaning and management fee ($236.25) acts as the deposit, although it is actually a fee, nonrefundable. It is charged to your credit card at the time of booking.
The rental portion of the fees (rent & tax) would be due to us by check or money order two weeks before your arrival. |
* Approximate monthly rate. Actual rate will depend on the days of the month you stay.
Payment is usually accepted in the quoted currency (USD) unless the currency and the amount is specifically agreed in advance with the owner / advertiser.


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A friend once told me how, when he was visiting Tokyo, he stood in a line that snaked around the block to see Theo Parrish play at a club rivaling Twilo. To give you an idea of how simultaneously lame and spoiled we are, when Parrish plays New York, it's at APT, a teeny, tiny bar in a basementalbeit a teeny, tiny bar in a basement with an amazing sound system. Mr. Parrish, I apologize. The Chicago-raised house producer who found his way to Detroit has a sound that's an amalgam of Chicago's deep-rooted funk and Detroit's ethereal, futuristic synths. Tuesday @ 10, APT, 419 W 13th, 212-414-4245
Pardon me if I go all team spirit for a minute. Voice gal and techno obsessive Geeta Dayal celebrates her birthday at the Bunker, with help from longtime Voice writer and superstar dance music author Simon Reynolds, who is DJ'ing. Actually, his cohort, the equally trusty and knowledgeable Paul Kennedy, does the spinning while Reynolds plays selecta. Reynolds knows more about dance music than possibly any other human being on the planet, so just imagine his record collection. Friday @ 10, Subtonic, 107 Norfolk, 212-358-7501


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[ Dining Index | Metro | Metroactive Central | Archives ]
Urban Update
Appetizing: New chef Kirk Bruderer brandishes one of the starters on Eulipia's updated menu.
A new chef and new menu at San Jose's Eulipia stress New American flavors with lots of punch and plenty of confidence
By Christina Waters
REDISCOVERING an old favorite in the growing constellation of San Jose dining stars is its own reward--especially if it underscores great memories of meals past. Last week a dinner to try out the new menu at Eulipia made a fan of me all over again. Chef Kirk Bruderer's dinner menu includes enough of the restaurant's greatest hits--like the chicken breast with brie, the asparagus and mushrooms with pasta, and the crispy crab cake--to convince my dinner partner and me that he was wisely paying heed to the landmark's devoted clientele. But we found much to like in the way of new items, such as a hearty smoked ham shank and melted Gruyere appetizer "sandwich" and a sweet mussel and clam risotto starter. A thumb pasta dish with braised escarole and another dish of forest mushrooms wrapped in savoy cabbage offered meatless sophistication, but it was a special of Chilean seabass ($21) and a pan-seared chicken breast with potato hash ($15) that got our attention.
Eulipia's kitchen isn't afraid to use some butter, starting with the creamy scoop that joined our excellent bread. I for one am happy to see an alternative to those interminable pours of olive oil, knowing full well, of course, just how healthful they are. Glasses of outstanding Ravenswood Estate Zinfandel 1996 ($5.75) kept us company--but only after we'd tried one of those sexy Eulipia cocktails: the Blood Orange ($5), a tangy blend of Campari, orange vodka, and cranberry and orange juices glamorously served in a martini goblet.
Starters were splendid, showing off the chef's emphasis on clear, robust flavors and beautiful presentation. A sunny turban of creamy polenta custard ($6) was topped with intensely flavored forest mushrooms and spiked with garlic. Served on a bed of fresh baby spinach and meltingly tender, it was a destination appetizer. The beautiful bowl of risotto ($10)--a special thanks from all of us who adore risotto but don't want to wade through a huge entree portion--was laced with sweet red peppers, mussels and clams. Hints of shallot and citrus perfumed what was another triumphant appetizer creation.
Our red wine was showing off its velvety depth when our main courses arrived, again dramatically presented on large white plates. A luxurious pillow of alabaster seabass lay on a cushion of smoky-sweet pureed celery root--a daring choice. The sumptuous seafood was wrapped in a thin "crust" of potato, the natural companion for fine fish, and the whole design was flecked with bits of fresh chive. Yet the creation lacked visual appeal. All the pale tones of fish, potato and celery root would have taken nicely to a deep-green spinach accent, or a more substantial garnish, say, of red pepper.
Across the table, my companion was delighted with what I agreed was a superior rendition of a delicious standard. The chicken breast skin was a crisp transparent gold; the flesh beneath was incredibly juicy. It was served in a way that might have enhanced the seabass, on a bed of fresh spinach laced with pancetta, onions and diced potatoes. It wasn't exactly a hash--more like a full-bodied confetti--but the accompanying flavors were perfect with the poultry.
Our service throughout was great--our waiter was polite, attentive, unafraid to share a sense of humor yet completely nonhovering. Eulipia has always specialized in fine service, though, so we weren't surprised.
There's no way that we could have left this restaurant without a slice of the house signature fresh-squeezed lemon and lime pie ($6), so we ordered that as well as the tres leches ($6)--a gloriously custardy affair of cream-soaked pound cake topped with yet more whipped cream. The elegant citrus pie, so well balanced between creamy and tart, was a nice contrast with the rustic, sweet, very moist cake, served in a generous square as if home-cooked. My companion's coffee was not quite strong enough, but my decaf espresso was excellent.
Graced with plenty of updated American culinary classics--long on meats and seafoods sided with root vegetables and seasonal greens--Eulipia's menu mirrors the growing trend toward nontricky, honest flavors.
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Midwest Ballroom with John 'Radio' Russell 05:00 PM - 07:00 PM |
Followed By: Blues Time with Tom Marker |


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New! Incognito Mode. Now you can hand-select who sees you on OkCupid. That means total control of your visibility.
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Spatial distributions of cone inputs to cells of the parvocellular pathway investigated with cone-isolating gratings |
JOSA A, Vol. 29, Issue 2, pp. A223-A232 (2012)
Enhanced HTML Acrobat PDF (1176 KB)
Receptive fields of midget ganglion cells and parvocellular lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) neurons show color-opponent responses because they receive antagonistic input from the middle- and long-wavelength sensitive cones. It has been controversial as to whether this opponency can derive from random connectivity; if receptive field centers of cells near the fovea are cone-specific due to midget morphology, this would confer some degree of color opponency even with random cone input to the surround. A simple test of this mixed surround hypothesis is to compare spatial frequency tuning curves for luminance gratings and gratings isolating cone input to the receptive field center. If tuning curves for luminance gratings were bandpass, then with the mixed surround hypothesis tuning curves for gratings isolating the receptive field center cone class should also be bandpass, but to a lesser extent than for luminance. Tuning curves for luminance, chromatic, and cone-isolating gratings were measured in macaque retinal ganglion cells and LGN cells. We defined and measured a bandpass index to compare luminance and center cone-isolating tuning curves. Midget retinal ganglion cells and parvocellular LGN cells had bandpass indices between 0.1 and 1 with luminance gratings, but the index was usually near 1 (meaning low-pass tuning) when the receptive field center cone class alone was modulated. This is strong evidence for a considerable degree of cone-specific input to the surround. A fraction of midget and parvocellular cells showed evidence of incomplete specificity. Fitting the data with receptive field models revealed considerable intercell variability, with indications in some cells of a more complex receptive structure than a simple difference of Gaussians model.
© 2012 Optical Society of America
OCIS Codes
(330.1720) Vision, color, and visual optics : Color vision
(330.4060) Vision, color, and visual optics : Vision modeling
(330.4270) Vision, color, and visual optics : Vision system neurophysiology
ToC Category:
Retinal and cortical color processing
Original Manuscript: September 9, 2011
Revised Manuscript: November 2, 2011
Manuscript Accepted: November 29, 2011
Published: January 26, 2012
Virtual Issues
Vol. 7, Iss. 4 Virtual Journal for Biomedical Optics
Barry B. Lee, Robert M. Shapley, Michael J. Hawken, and Hao Sun, "Spatial distributions of cone inputs to cells of the parvocellular pathway investigated with cone-isolating gratings," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 29, A223-A232 (2012)
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1. (x/2 +y^2)^2
2. 12xy + 4x^2+9y^2
Also brief explain the step to getting your answer?
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Rewrite: 1. (x/2 +y^2)^2 2. 12xy + 4x^2+9y^2 Also brief explain the step to getting your answer?
This Question is Closed
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Best ResponseYou've already chosen the best response.11. Use the FOIL method for multiplying polynomials (First, Outside, Inside, Last) (x/2 + y^2)^2 = (x/2 + y^2) * (x/2 + y^2) = (1/4)*x^2 + (1/2)*x*y^2 + (1/2)*x*y^2 + y^4 = (1/4)*x^2 + x*y^2 + y^4 2. Here you have to do the opposite of what you did in problem 1. There's an x^2 and a y^2, so I know that it will have to take the form (a*x + b*y)^2, where a and b are some numbers. Since we have 4x^2, I will guess that a = 2, since 2^2 = 4. I will also guess that b = 3, since 3^2 = 9. The answer is then (2x + 3y)^2. If we expand this out using the FOIL method, we see that we get the same thing, including the 12xy.
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text: Heating up? You do know his lack of arm strength was one reason he was moved from SS? Having a sub average arm strength for a CF isn't real good also. You are already calling Fraziers first year a "fluke", but ready to heap praise on a untested minor league player who has switched position and not played even a full year of AAA? Your reasoning makes no sense? Frazier has shown he can plan on the ML level at this point, Hamilton has even shown th ability to produce strong numbers on the AAA level yet consistantly.


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