text:
Top Apps
- Audio & Video
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- System Administration
F-86J Mod for IL-2 Sturmovik 1946 This is an addon for the game IL-2 Sturmovik 1946, which adds a fictional version of the F-86 Sabre Jet fighter to this game, the F-86J. The -J has more powerful Orenda Engines and carries Sidewinder missiles as well as other additional ordnance.
6 weekly downloads -
enml E.N.M.L. means Environmental Noise Model Language. The target of the project is the definition of a XML specification model mainly devoted to electronic acoustic data exchange. ENML aims to format ANY kind of noise measurement.
1 weekly downloads -
Delfos Network Delfos is a network of Artificial Intelligence agents that collect data from Internet and is able to take decisions and answer questions based on the data that has been stored previously. The structure of the network is Pr2Pr (program to program).
0 weekly downloads -
Magistar-Networks M-N is developing a series of RPGs for the end/user. One of the two major projects is web-based (PBBG) and the other is an MMORPG (Downloadable game client). Both of these will be available to others to use for hosting their own game.
0 weekly downloads -
Open Source Terminal of Storage Terminal Software of Storage, directed to the development of a control system warehouses, the license of this software is Open Source Initiative (CDDL), software is developed under standards opened.
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Reentry Evolutionary Architecture Stack. Reentry Evolution Architecture The idea is to develop a toolset- and serverinfrastructure on top of common object runtime environments (J2EE,.NET and/or other) that supports evolutionary model driven and language oriented development for SOA and REST.
0 weekly downloads


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Panama City, FL – Tanya's Garden produce
Sony DSC F828
fall farm stand florida indian corn
Amaizing…beautiful colours
Congratulationsgreat image :)
many congrats on your feature,dawn
I forgot to say thank you! I'm sorry. I appreciate this.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
This building is listed under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 as amended for its special architectural or historic interest.
Name: THE LIMES
List entry Number: 1249458
The building may lie within the boundary of more than one authority.
National Park: Not applicable to this List entry.
Grade: II*
Date first listed: 17-Apr-1959
Date of most recent amendment: 23-Jun-1988
The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.
Legacy System: LBS
This list entry does not comprise part of an Asset Grouping. Asset Groupings are not part of the official record but are added later for information.
Legacy Record - This information may be included in the List Entry Details.
ST32NE CURRY RIVEL CP WATER STREET (South side)1/118 The Limes (previously listed as The Yews)17.4.59- II* Small country house. Early C18, C19 addition and alteration. Principal frontage of coursed and squared lias, Ham stone dressings including alternating quoins, and cornice, raised C19 slate roof, reconstituted stone stacks, large glazed central lantern with finial. Two storeys and attic, 5 bays, 12-pane sash windows with thick glazing bars, edge-moulded stone architraves. Central door opening, 8-panelled door, top 4 panels glazed, stone doorcase with flanking Roman-Doric columns, entablature, triangular pediment. Later large slated brick and lias range at rear. Left return with good Victorian conservatory. Interiors with features of note including ornamental plasterwork and joinery. Listing NGR: ST3894625312
National Grid Reference: ST 38946 25312
The above map is for quick reference purposes only and may not be to scale. For a copy of the full scale map, please see the attached PDF - 1249458.pdf - The pdf will be generated from our live systems and may take a few minutes to download depending on how busy our servers are. We apologise for this delay.
This copy shows the entry on 27-Apr-2015 at 11:38:17.


text:
Long John Silver's is America's largest quick-service seafood chain with over 1200 units worldwide. more
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© 2015 Local Corporation - US Patent 7,231,405
Some data provided by Acxiom. Questions and Comments?


text:
Homeschool information, news, and alerts by email.
Elert Archive
HSLDA Alerts & Information (NJ)Filter: ALLGeneral/National---- STATES ----AlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColoradoConnecticutDelawareDistrict of ColumbiaFloridaGeorgiaHawaiiIdahoIllinoisIndianaIowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaineMarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippiMissouriMontanaNebraskaNevadaNew HampshireNew JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth DakotaOhioOklahomaOregonPennsylvaniaRhode IslandSouth CarolinaSouth DakotaTennesseeTexasUtahVermontVirginiaWashingtonWest VirginiaWisconsinWyoming---- COUNTRIES ----AustraliaGermany---- OTHER ----HSLDA Local RSS 2015 Mar2014 Oct Sep Jul Jun2013 Dec Nov Jun May Mar2012 May Feb Jan2011 Dec Nov Jul2010 Apr Jan2009 Dec Nov2008 Dec Oct May2007 May Apr Mar2006 Dec Jul Apr2005 Dec Apr2004 Dec Oct Sep May Mar Jan2003 Dec Nov Oct Jun2002 JunJanuary 20041/23/2004New Jersey--Update: Weinberg Re-files Homeschool Bill1/13/2004New Jersey--Homeschoolers Preempt Stealth Passage of AB 40331/9/2004New Jersey--Update on A.B. 40331/9/2004New Jersey--Highly Urgent, Calls and Visits Needed TODAY to stop AB 40331/6/2004New Jersey -- Restrictive Homeschool Law Proposed, calls needed immediately


text:
Join OkCupid
Find better matches with our advanced
matching system
—% Match
—% Enemy
31 • Garland, TX • Man
I'm looking for
- Women
- Ages 21–35
- Near me
- For new friends, long-term dating, short-term dating, casual sex
My details
- Last online
- Jan 26, 2013
- Orientation
- Straight
- Ethnicity
- White
- Height
- 5′ 10″ (1.78m)
- Body type
- Average
- Diet
- Mostly anything
- Smokes
- No
- Drinks
- Socially
- Drugs
- Never
- Religion
- Christianity
- Sign
- Scorpio, and it's fun to think about
- Education
- Working on two-year college
- Job
- Technology
- Income
- $30,000–$40,000
- Status
- Single
- Type
- —
- Offspring
- Has a kid, and might want more
- Pets
- Has dogs
- Speaks
- English
My self-summary
Write a little about yourself. Just a paragraph will do.
There are several characteristics that make up what might be
considered a good man; integrity, honesty, work ethic, confidence,
personality, and of course his ability to love. All of these, I
take pride in having. I am a single father of two beautiful girls,
one of which I have custody of (and No, there is no baby momma
drama). I love life, and it in itself is, to me, the ultimate gift.
I cherish every moment. I enjoy traveling and the outdoors just as
much as I enjoy a good movie and a day couped up in the house. Im
attracted to the night life and going out and can be a great host.
Ive walked through the valley of the shadow of death but come out
unscathed and stronger so Im easy to talk to and can relate to
almost anything. I am a "people person" and a great friend. Im good
for a positive conversation and some encouragement, but at the same
time, can be a tough critic if needed. If I had to use one word to
describe me, it would be versatile. Last but not least I know how
to treat a lady; physically, mentally, and emotionally. I have good
relationships with most of my old girlfriends. I would like to
think of myself as a hell of a catch. Maybe some lady out there can
be the judge of that.
What I'm doing with my life
Don't overthink this one; tell us what you're doing day-to-day.
moving forward, making the most of my oppurtunities, enjoying life,
pursuing happiness, and NOT looking back
I'm really good at
Go on, brag a little (or a lot). We won't judge.
sharing a positive conversation, helping other people solve their
problems, math, and keeping a smile on a girl's face, also fishing
and typing(i type about 50 words per minute)
Favorite books, movies, shows, music, and food
Help your potential matches find common interests.
i just finished reading 'the girl with the dragon tattoo'. it was
really good. i think i fell in love with lisbeth slander. my
favorite book though was 'the kite runner'. i love books. suspense,
crime, sex scandals, and mysteries all curb my enthusiasm. my
favorite movie was troy, i think. i love all music and all food.
The six things I could never do without
Think outside the box. Sometimes the little things can say a lot.
FAMILY, especially my daughter CIERA
WATER, either the ocean or a lake
FAMILY, especially my daughter CIERA
WATER, either the ocean or a lake
I spend a lot of time thinking about
Global warming, lunch, or your next vacation… it's all fair game.
ways to better myself
On a typical Friday night I am
Netflix and takeout, or getting your party on — how do you let loose?
doing something fun
The most private thing I'm willing to admit
I'm an empty essay… fill me out!
i overcame a tramatic experience. when i was 23 I was diagnosed
with a hereditary blood cancer. After six months of chemo and six
months radiation therapy, I prevailed.
Report this photo
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Photos in albums are meant to showcase other aspects of your life, and may include pets, cars, baby photos, artwork, etc. Full nudity and offensive content are not allowed.


text:
Henna Tattoos for Teens
Learn about the ancient art of Henna (or Mehndi) this summer! Tattoos are temporary, but can last up to 8-10 days. A permission form signed by your parent/guardian is required for this workshop.
Permission forms are available at your local library, or e-mail Lana Adlawan, Teen Services Coordinator, at firstname.lastname@example.com to request one.
Lakeview Branch
550 El Embarcadero
Oakland, CA 94610
(510) 238-7344
See map: Google Maps


text:
Windows Help
It's free to register, to post a question or to start / join a discussion
Help! I've been invaded by a Trojan
Likes # 0
Posted June 6, 2013 at 7:39PM
I hope you clever people out there can help me please! In summary my Internet did not work , I ran windows defender which told me it had deleted Trojan: win32/Sirefef .gen!E Upon clicking the bottom right hand icon it told me I had limited access to wifi. From this helpful forum I tried the following: From command prompt I ran netsh windsock reset. This worked perfectly until I closed down for the day and then returned to the limited connectivity. Ran the netsh again and it did not work this time.
Then I tried:
SFC/scannow - no effect
Net local group administrators localservice /add Net local group administrators network service /add
This gave me back full wireless network per the icon and control panel but I still can't get the Internet. Just the' page cannot be displayed' message It is prob something stupid I have done but I would really appreciate any help available
- Tags:
- trojan
Likes # 1
Posted June 7, 2013 at 6:58AM
This Trojan dropper is a nasty one, and can affect all software on the computer.
I suggest that you take a look at this and then download and run the Microsoft malicious software removal tool. You'll find a link to it at the bottom of the page in my link.
Likes # 0
Posted June 7, 2013 at 12:35PM
Thanks so much for this answer but I wonder if you could help me further please? This Trojan has taken away my Internet access and therefore I am unable to download the malicious software removal tool. It also won't let me turn on windows firewall. As you can probably tell I'm quite a philistine with computers !! Cheers Sam
Likes # 0
Posted June 7, 2013 at 2:32PM
You will need to download it with a different machine and save it to a memory stick. You can then run it from there on the affected one.
Likes # 0
Posted June 8, 2013 at 12:21AM
I would untick the resolved tick button as this isn't resolved. What security software do you run? I would start in safe mode (no internet connection) and run your security programs then. See what they find and quarantine. Reboot.
Sounds as a proxy server is trying to be used. In Internet Explorer click on tools, Internet Options, Connections, Lan settings, disable the proxy server and just tick Automatically detect settings.
To boot Vista to safe mode tap F8 (sometimes F5) continuously on boot up. In the Advancer boot screen select safe mode (no internet connection). After it installs all the files you can log in. Don't worry about the different way the desktop looks as that is normal in safe mode.
Likes # 0
Posted June 8, 2013 at 3:39PM
Thanks for this rdave13 ! Firstly how do I untick the tick it doesn't change when i tap it - told you i was a computer clutz! Also I checked for a proxy server I safe mode and there isn't 't one. However you have shown me how to get into safe mode and I am now doing a system restore - here's hoping that works. The only security software I have been running are windows defender and windows firewall. Obviously not enough. Many thanks for your help. Believe it or not I am enjoying the challenge.
Likes # 0
Posted June 8, 2013 at 3:54PM
It used to be that you could just click on it again and it would turn grey.
After the restore I would download a free AV, I use Avast free. Would also download Malwarebytes, SAS and spywareblaster. Update all and run scans. With malwarebytes you have the option of running a free trial for the pro version.
Spywareblaster. This is a blocker. Don't select auto update but update manually.
As with any free downloads remember to untick offered toolbars etc when installing. I think Avast offers Google toolbar.
I'm only suggesting these programs as It's a list of what I use. Others might have different favourites.
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text:
Fourth line centre Max Lapierre was absent from Canucks practice with a sore groin at UBC on Thursday. Following practice, the team departed for Anaheim, where they play the Ducks on Friday, to kick off a three-game road trip that continues in San Jose on Sunday and finishes in Los Angeles on Monday. Lapierre's groin soreness isn't considered serious and he'll test it at Friday morning's skate in Anaheim and likely play that night.
"He tweaked his groin a little bit yesterday the game," said Canucks head coach Alain Vigneault. "Burnie (athletic trainer Mike Burnstein), talking with him, thought the best thing to do was to keep him off today. He'll skate tomorrow morning and they think he'll be fine for tomorrow night."
Canucks head coach Alain Vigneault said Cory Schneider will get his second consecutive start, after finding his game in 3-2 shootout win over Calgary on Wednesday. Schneider was pulled after allowing five goals on 14 shots in the season opener against the Ducks on Saturday in a 7-3 loss at Rogers Arena.
In Lapierre's absence, Andrew Ebbett, who was a healthy scratch for Wednesday's win over Calgary, filled in on the fourth line, playing on the wing with centre Manny Malhotra and winger Aaron Volpatti. The Canucks worked extensively on their power play, in both five on four and five on three situations.
Other than the absence of Lapierre, the Canucks lines and defence pairs didn't change. They were:
Lapierre absent from practice with sore groin before Canucks head to California for first road trip; Schneider to start in Anaheim
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text: Exposoft Solutions is the leading provider of innovative, tailored data management solutions for the event, tradeshow and conference industry. Experience the Power of Connection through the solutions we offer that will cater to your event requirements. Exposoft allows event organizers to concentrate and focus on creating event experiences, which enable you and your team to have a successful event. With a proven track record of event solutions and superior technical support, we're fast becoming the global partner of choice for affordable, tailored event solutions online, offline and onsite.


text:
This annual award, now in its fourth year, was set up in 2008 by Sir Sigmund Sternberg and The Times and aims to recognise the dedication of those over the age of 70 in their work for good causes and their outstanding contributions to society. The £10,000 prize money is split between the winner, who will receive £5,000, and £1,000 for each of the five runners-up.
Last year's award was won by Major John Majendie, a veteran of the Second World War, who, for the past 25 years, has organised annual pilgrimages to France for his fellow Normandy veterans. Phoebe Caldwell won the 2009 award for her work in improving the lives of people with severe autism, and the inaugural award in 2008 went to Helen Bamber in recognition of a lifetime dedicated to helping the victims of torture. Every year our judges, Katy Bravery, Sir Tom Farmer, Baroness Neuberger, Sir John Ritblat, Lady Cristiana Sorrell and Steve Webb MP, read through an impressive array of nominations. Runners-up in the past have included those working within health and medicine; the running of community volunteer schemes; the provision of sheltered accommodation for the homeless, and those working to help the disadvantaged through music and dance.
- Nominees must be 70 years or over at the date of nomination and proposers may submit only one nomination with a summary in 750 words or less of the nominee's achievements, current activities, and reasons why they deserve the award. A person may not nominate themselves. Nominations must list contact details, including telephone number, for both nominee and proposer, and the nominee's date of birth.
To apply by e-mail:
To apply by post:
Times Newspapers Limited
Public Relations/Sternberg Award
3 Thomas More Square
Nominations close at 5pm on Friday October 21, 2011
You must be 18 years old or over to nominate someone and you cannot nominate yourself. Nominees must be UK residents over 70 and DOB should be provided with nomination. The nomination should be no more than 750 words. Winners will be notified by 31 December 2011. You can find the full terms and conditions here.
The Oil and Gas Authority (OGA), London (Greater), £25,000 per annum. 4 days per month.
BREAST CANCER CARE, London, Up to £85,000 per annum
Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Chesterfield, Derbyshire, Not specified
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Lamborghini Aventador LP 700-4 Roadster Grigio Estoque with nero marrone leather
1965 Ferrari I 250 TR recreation red with leather
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Set over four floors, in excess of 14,000 sq.ft. and with exceptional attention to detail.
A stunning setting of open countryside, in close proximity to nearby towns.
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Book now: enjoy the south of France with a hand picked selection of family villas. ABTA.


text:
- Filed Under
The consulting firm Booz Allen Hamilton issued a statement today confirming that Edward Snowden, 29, was an employee of the firm for less than 3 months, assigned to a team in Hawaii.
The statement says Snowden had a salary rate of $122,000 -- and was terminated Monday "for violations of the firm's code of ethics and firm policy."
Snowden, a former technical analyst for the CIA, revealed Sunday that he was the source of leaks detailing surveillance efforts involving National Security Agency collection of phone and Internet data. He has said he is hiding in Hong Kong. ...


text:
Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division
Includes the names: Wilke Collins, Wilkie Collins, Wilkie Collins, Wilkie Collins, Willkie Collins, W. Wilkie Collins, Wilkie Collins et al, William Wilkie Collins, Уилки Коллинз
(see all 3 author pictures)
Wilkie Collins is currently considered a "single author." If one or more works are by a distinct, homonymous authors, go ahead and split the author.
Wilkie Collins is composed of 10 names. You can examine and separate out names.


text:
Find a copy in the library
Finding libraries that hold this item...
Genre/Form: | Commentaries |
Additional Physical Format: | Online version: Āzād, Abūlkalām, 1888-1958. Tarjumān al-Qur'ān. Bombay, New York, Asia Pub. House, [©1962- (OCoLC)760026643 |
Document Type: | Book |
All Authors / Contributors: |
Abūlkalām Āzād; Syed Abdul Latif |
OCLC Number: | 1951948 |
Description: | volumes 23 cm |
Contents: | v. 1. Sūrat-ul-Fātihā.--v. 2. al-Baqarah to al-Anfāl. |
Responsibility: | Edited and rendered into English by Syed Abdul Latif. |
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Non-state actors meet at FAO to discuss upcoming Second International Nutrition Conference (ICN2) with government representatives
20 Jun 2014 -
20 June 2014, Rome - Civil society, private sector and academia representatives met today at FAO headquarters in Rome with government representatives from the Organization's member states to discuss the Second International Conference on Nutrition (ICN2), which will be jointly organized by FAO and the World Health Organization (WHO) in ...FAO and ActionAid International explore cooperation on family farming and sustainable agriculture
12 Jun 2014 -
June 12, 2014, Rome – FAO Director-General José Graziano da Silva, today metActionAid International Chief Executive Director, Adriano Campolina, to discuss potential areas of cooperation, including the promotion of family farming and the development of sustainable agriculture.
Campolina welcomed what he described as the FAO Director-General's innovative approach of opening to non-governmental ...FAO working to increase civil society's profile in global efforts toward hunger reduction
23 May 2014 -
23 May 2014, Rome – FAO and the International Planning Committee for Food Sovereignty (IPC) are stepping up their cooperation to try and put those who produce food at the centre of the global debate on food and agriculture.
In an exchange of letters that happened today, FAO recognized IPC's important role as a ...More than 50 civil society representatives participated in discussions about climate change, family farming and other relevant topics
09 May 2014 -
Representatives of ten civil society organizations from Latin America and the Caribbean met FAO Director-General during the Regional Conference this week in Santiago de Chile, to discuss about civil society contributions to South-South Cooperation, climate change, land access and food sovereignty.
The representative from the Latin American Agro-ecological Movement (MAELA, in ...More than 50 representatives of international, regional and national Civil Society Organizations based in Africa meet in Tunis to discuss priority issues related to the development of agriculture and rural areas in Africa
21 Mar 2014 -
A meeting of more than 50 representatives of international, regional and national Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) based in Africa opened in Tunis today to discuss priority issues related to the development of agriculture and rural areas in Africa.
Participants at the two-day consultation at Carthage Thalasso Hotel, hosted by l'Union Maghrébine ...


text:
- Books
- Dinosaurs Love Underpands Claire Freedman, Ben Cort
- Deep Sea Monsters Igloo
- Dinosaurs Love Underpands Claire Freedman, Ben Cort
- Deep Sea Monsters Igloo
We regret that due to the technical limitations of our site, we are unable to offer eBooks or Audio Downloads to customers outside of the UK.
For further details please read our eBooks help.
Published: 01/03/2010
- Save £3.00
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From your local shop
Celebrate the ups and downs of your pregnancy with this interactive journal, which invites you to record in detail this most extraordinary period of your life. With annotated prompts for you to fill in for each week of your pregnancy, storage wallets and sealable envelopes for keeping precious momentos, and photo spaces for you to capture the changing shape of your body, this journal will be a life-long keepsake of all your special memories. Each chapter offers guidance on what to expect, notes on your baby's development during each trimester, and reminders on what you need to be planning, thinking about and preparing for. Whether you are a first-time mother or want to commemorate a new addition to the family, Alison Mackonochie (author of the award-winning Emma's Diary) ensures that you will be comfortable every step of the way.
Publisher: Octopus Publishing Group
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Additional Products
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Contact Sales for Pricing Available for SyteLine Versions 7, 8 & 9 Click here for Authorize.net


text:
During the event, Distinguished Alumni Awards were presented to Ernie Schaub '72 and Anil Shah '86 M.S. Robert Alvine was honored with the President's Award.
A civil affairs specialist for the Special Operations Command of the Department of Defense, Cristian Ortiz '08, '10 M.S. is often in some of the most troubled spots in the world.
Nash Mohd-Khairi, who will be part of ESUMS first graduating class this spring, will be a member of UNH's Class of 2019 and major in mechanical engineering.
Annual Endowed Scholarship Luncheon connects donors with students who directly benefit from their support.
by John A. LahtinenCommunications and Public Affairs Writer/EditorEarlier this semester, Matthew Brown '13 was part of a team of management majors that welcomed 25 middle-schoolers from the Barnard Environmental Studies Magnet School in New Haven for a sneak peak at career opportunities in business. "Mentoring at this stage and providing an outlet for them to ask questions and inquire about their goals is very beneficial to helping them stay motivated," he said.The initiative, organized by management professor Tony Carter, seeks to engage area middle school students in the long-term strategy of developing a competitive workforce. The program also provides a valuable experience for the UNH students.
Earlier this semester, a team of management majors welcomed local middle-schoolers to campus as part of a mentoring program.
"The goal for my students is to understand how to handle mentoring as a function of management," said Carter, director of UNH's Small Business Institute, who has been arranging such mentoring days with area middle schools for several years."For the local middle-school students, the objective is for them to learn about and begin to develop the competitive skills needed to become successful and learn how these skills will benefit them in the future."The day included presentations and seminars by senior-level corporate executives and college professors designed to give the young students a clearer understanding of the important role management plays in today's competitive business world. The program focused on mentoring, advising and coaching the children on how to develop interpersonal, communication and management skills. The youngsters were also treated to lunch and a guided tour of the UNH campus.Brown, an Orange native, said the experience was invaluable because it allowed him to gauge his ability in a real-life forum by mentoring someone he had never met. He also learned how to adapt his mentoring style to different age groups."I learned that you have to be able to adjust your language and approach depending on different factors when mentoring," he said. "For example, with the student I mentored, I crafted questions that he would relate to and tried to create realistic scenarios for him to encourage him to capture his goals."


text:
- Oysters…. Elevated.
- Casa Rustica Expands With Boone Golf Club Location
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Joy Bistro: Chef's Five Course Tasting and Wine Pairing
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2nd Course
Fried Oyster & Remoulade Salad
Hand shucked oysters, tempura battered and fried served over celery root remoulade, petite chervil & champagne vinaigrette.
Foley Chardonnay, 2011, Sta. Rita Hills, CA
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Calamari Steak
Fresh Calamari Steak stuffed with lobster & shrimp mousselines, braised in roasted tomato, fennel, nicoise olive jus.
Foley Pinot Noir, 2008, Sta. Rita Hills, CA
4th Course
Heritage Farm Pork Cheeks
Braised local, all natural, Heritage Farm pork cheeks served over carrot -rutabaga purée, broccolini, roasted shallots & squash, finished with roasted pan jus.
Sequoia Grove Cabernet Sauvignon, 2010, Rutherford, CA
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Almond cake
Candied orange zest & buttermilk ice cream topped with a citrus creme frache.
Fonseca 10 yr. Tawny Port, Portugal


text:
Pop Culture
Downton Abbey Portrays Reality of Interfaith RelationshipsBy Gerri Miller
Go inside Season 5 Episode 9 where the story line of Atticus and Rose's interfaith relationship comes to a head.
Go To Pop CultureIt's beginning to sound a lot like Christmas. And many of the season's biggest/most annoying hits were written by Jewish songwriters.
Date: 12-19-2012When my husband read an early draft of this essay, he asked, ''Why doesn't her partner have to support our daughter? After all, they agreed to raise children as Jews.'' What does it mean to raise a Jewish child?
Date: 05-17-2013A guide to celebrating the once-in-a-lifetime Thanksgiving/Hanukkah day.
Date: 10-16-2013A Thanksgivukkah Olive Oil Cake recipe from JewishBoston.com
Date: 11-08-2013Not your average kugel, but perfect for the double holiday.
Date: 11-08-2013Pumpkin pur�e and classic pumpkin pie spices give these doughnuts a soft, comforting texture and taste.
Date: 11-11-2013This vegetarian-friendly recipe gets its meatiness from mushrooms instead of turkey. And while most versions require an overnight staling of the bread, you can do the same thing in about 45 minutes in a warm oven.
Date: 11-12-2013A Thanksgivukkah recipe from JewishBoston.com
Date: 11-12-2013Thanksgivukkah recipes reprinted from JewishBoston.com
Date: 11-13-2013November 19, 2013 San Francisco eNewsletter
Date: 11-18-2013


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Yeah, Obama was reading the whole thing straight off the paper. Given how good he is at normal speeches, this probably means that he glanced over the script barely once.
JOHN McCAIN and Barack Obama took a break from pummeling each other to roast each other at the Alfred E Smith Memorial Dinner on Thursday. They were both funnier than Sarah Palin's slightly inert appearance on SNL, but Mr McCain gets this round on points, and the clip should serve as a reminder that he's more convincing when he's not straining to keep his rambunctious streak in check. Free John McCain!:
Mr Obama's jokes probably look better on paper, but his delivery isn't as good:


text:
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A Critical Appraisal of the Department of Justice's New Approach to Medical MarijuanaRobert A. MikosVanderbilt University - Law School February 23, 2011 Vanderbilt Public Law Research Paper No. 11-07 Stanford Law & Policy Review, Vol. 22, p. 633, 2011 Abstract: The Obama Administration has embarked upon a much-heralded shift in federal policy toward medical marijuana. Eschewing the hard-ball tactics favored by earlier Administrations, Attorney General Eric Holder announced in October 2009 that the Department of Justice (DOJ) would stop enforcing the federal marijuana ban against persons who comply with state medical marijuana laws. Given the significance of the medical marijuana issue in both criminal law and federalism circles, this Article sets out to provide the first in-depth analysis of the changes wrought by the DOJ's new Non Enforcement Policy (NEP). In a nutshell, it suggests that early enthusiasm for the NEP is misguided; on close inspection, the NEP represents at most a very modest change in federal policy. First, the NEP won't necessarily stop federal agents from pursuing criminal prosecutions of marijuana dispensaries. In a twist of irony, the non-enforcement policy itself is not enforceable. It doesn't create any legal rights a court could invoke to dismiss a criminal case. And the DOJ itself will have a difficult time ensuring that federal prosecutors comply with the agency's stated policy. Second, even assuming the NEP would block criminal prosecutions, federal law could still obstruct state medical marijuana programs by imposing - or enabling others to impose - a wide range of civil and private sanctions on medical marijuana users and their suppliers. The problem is the NEP doesn't repeal the federal ban on marijuana. Marijuana technically remains illegal under federal law, and the possession, cultivation, or distribution of the drug trigger a host of civil sanctions not addressed by the NEP. For example, the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) can deny federal housing subsidies to medical marijuana users, and pharmaceutical companies could potentially bring civil RICO actions against marijuana dispensaries. What is more, the federal ban arguably preempts states from shielding marijuana users and dispensaries from sanctions imposed by private parties. For example, employers can likely skirt liability under state law for discriminating against employees who use marijuana for medical purposes. Metaphorically, the federal ban is a hydra, only one head of which has been severed by the NEP (and one that could too easily be regrown). The labor of ending federal prohibition is not yet complete. Number of Pages in PDF File: 38 Keywords: cannabis, commandeering, constitutional law, crime, criminal law, department of justice, DEA, decriminalize, decriminalization, DOJ, drug, enforce, enforcement, federalism, Holder, legalize, marijuana, medical marijuana, Obama, Odgen, pot, preemt, preemption, proposition 215, prohibition, RICO, vice Date posted: February 26, 2011 ; Last revised: June 9, 2011Suggested CitationContact Information
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Company Profile
KPM Comapny Ltd.
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Now they've done it. The liars at Americans for Prosperity have enraged the centrists at Bridge with their lying ad full of lies about Obamacare and Gary Peters. Won't someone think of the children?
Who: Americans For Prosperity What: Julie's Story: It's Time to Listen The call: Flagrant Foul
The ad fails to mention, as Boonstra has acknowledged, that her monthly premium costs dropped, from $1,100 a month to $571 a month, after she enrolled in a new Blue Cross Blue Shield plan under Obamacare. Boonstra told the Detroit News the new plan increased certain out-of-pocket costs, such as doctor's visits, from $20 to $50. But it is unclear how the plan is "unaffordable" compared with her old plan. Under the terms of Obamacare, the out-of-pocket maximum for an individual in 2014 is $6,350. When the difference in premium cost is factored in, her new plan would cost just $2 more in a year even if she incurred no out-of-pocket expenses under her old plan. Americans for Prosperity did not returns calls from Bridge Magazine seeking comment. Earlier, AFP President Tim Phillips told the Detroit News he stands by the ad's claim that Boonstra's new plan is unaffordable. "If you look at the script and she says they're so high they are unaffordable and we know the out-of-pocket costs are not what they were — by definition they were almost nonexistent in the old policy. We feel very comfortable with that," Phillips told the News. AFP and Boonstra have also said that, regardless of overall costs, the month-to-month unpredictability of her out-of-pocket costs creates uncertainty.
The ad fails to mention, as Boonstra has acknowledged, that her monthly premium costs dropped, from $1,100 a month to $571 a month, after she enrolled in a new Blue Cross Blue Shield plan under Obamacare. Boonstra told the Detroit News the new plan increased certain out-of-pocket costs, such as doctor's visits, from $20 to $50. But it is unclear how the plan is "unaffordable" compared with her old plan. Under the terms of Obamacare, the out-of-pocket maximum for an individual in 2014 is $6,350. When the difference in premium cost is factored in, her new plan would cost just $2 more in a year even if she incurred no out-of-pocket expenses under her old plan.
Americans for Prosperity did not returns calls from Bridge Magazine seeking comment. Earlier, AFP President Tim Phillips told the Detroit News he stands by the ad's claim that Boonstra's new plan is unaffordable. "If you look at the script and she says they're so high they are unaffordable and we know the out-of-pocket costs are not what they were — by definition they were almost nonexistent in the old policy. We feel very comfortable with that," Phillips told the News. AFP and Boonstra have also said that, regardless of overall costs, the month-to-month unpredictability of her out-of-pocket costs creates uncertainty.
Americans for Prosperity president Tim Phillips didn't return Bridge Magazine's phone calls because he knows that their ad lied to the people of Michigan and wants no part of the process of it getting picked apart. This is a very reasonable conclusion to draw, but no one else will articulate it which is very troubling.
While emotionally wrenching, Boonstra's assertion that the new health care coverage she received under Obamacare jeopardized her health is not sufficiently backed up. The ad offers no evidence Boonstra will not receive medication she needs under her new health plan. Boonstra told the Detroit News that she was able to keep the same University of Michigan cancer specialist under her new health plan and that she was continuing her chemotherapy treatment.
This is a lot of words to come to the very simple, reasonable conclusion that the ad is telling lies.
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Otherwise click cancel.
In the new ad, she'll allege that Gary Peters tried to "silence her." This is an amazing, considering that she's been on TV thanks to $2 million--and counting--of Koch brothers' money. A government that robs Peter to pay Paul can always count on the support of Paul.
I also can't believe AFP thinks this is a good idea. They are doubling down on an attack that's clearly not working, and not only that, but an attack they are being called out almost by the day.
This is what happens post-Citizens United. I'm sure Land wants AFP to STFU, already, with this line of attack. Too bad, 'cause conservatives created this monster of third-party superPAC money.
What's relevant here is that her story is not true and that she is probably actually better off under her new insurance (who actually has health insurance these days with no out-of-pocket expenses?) and that someone may actually be paying her to appear in these ads and tell what we now know to be lies. And, all of that would be true even if she were just some random person they scooped up off a street corner. Among the Trees
Maybe, one could have argued the first time was a mistake. The second, well, Julie Boonstra and AFP know what time it is.
I think it helps the public assess the authenticity of the message, messenger and sponsoring entity. Great Lakes, Great Times.
I tell you people this all the time, but you never listen ... outside the very small group of people who are very interested in politics, the public at large is not interested in seeing tragic figures attacked personally. This includes cancer victims.
The public at large has a point in being more concerned with perceived policy outcomes than political assassinations. The public at large wasn't interested when Michelle Malkin dispatched her readers to go rifling through the garbage of the SCHIP family, and the public at large is not interested in seeing Julie Boonstra attacked because she used to be married to a prominent Republican. Among the Trees
I don't want her attacked for it.
I haven't even once said that she shouldn't have done the ad, or shame on her, or she was being manipulated, or retract the ad.
But I do think Americans For Prosperity should have to work harder than this if they get to purchase my state's U.S. Senate seat.
I said I thought it was bizarre that the media isn't referencing the connection. The connection is not the determinative factor, here, but in my opinion it is relevant -- and could be a thread that revealed further unknown aspects of this matter, including the possibility of Tim Walberg's involvement or cooperation with a Super PAC, the Republican establishment's cooperation with a Super PAC, Land's continued cooperation with a Super PAC (in violation of federal laws) and who know what other unknown unknowns.
I'd like my state's media to dig deeper on developing stories that may have substantial ramifications for who I as a citizen am represented by in our government. Obviously you do as well. Great Lakes, Great Times.
What isn't relevant, what is a red herring, is who she was married to or who she knows.
Rather than simply passing along the content of a political ad without checking to see if it's true, the state's media needs to ask whether she is, in fact, worse off under Obamacare than before. Her personal connections to GOP circles, while not part of that story, simply further beg the question ... is she really telling the truth, or has she fabricated part or all of her story to slur a candidate for office. The rest of us knew that her story is horseshit before knowing about her personal connections, however.
What's also relevant is whether she's been compensated to appear in the ads. If so, she really ceases to be a tragic figure speaking out about an injustice done her, and becomes a paid participant in political theater. I don't care how much or how little she's gotten.
The state's political media has badly bungled this story and continues to badly bungle it. There is no questioning this. This is one of the biggest races this year, and no one has thought to do any actual reporting on it. We get horserace coverage, but no one is asking any actual questions. The fact that AFP's president refuses to return phone calls about his own ad is very telling. There is no reason that the media can't simply tell people that they are being lied to. Among the Trees
When she put herself out there like this, who she is connected to is part of her story and goes straight to her motivation and credibility because her story as it relates to the ACA is fiction. If her story was true, then okay, what matters who she is connected to because she is being honest. When she chooses to spout crap out there, it begs the question, why is this woman doing this, is she being paid, who is she connected to?
I agree the only people digging this deep are the true hacks.
The whack jobs at the AFP are the story here. I wholeheartedly agree that they took advantage of her illness and happily let her say things to the public that turned out to be false. They paid for the ad time and set the whole thing up, knowing that it wasn't at all true.
As for Julie Boonstra, I agree that speaking up and then getting mad when people give the things you say a serious look is a bit rich. I'm about out of patience dealing with people who think that the First Amendment gives them the right to speak without fear of counterargument. When you tell untruths to the public, there should be consequences and it's not unreasonable in this case for Gary Peters' lawyers to ask television stations to not air her ads on the grounds that they are untrue.
But, we don't really need to know about her personal connections to question her credibility. We already know her narrative has lost its credibility by being false. To me, this is a case of reverse engineering. We already know about the final product. Knowing her personal connections doesn't take away from that, and wouldn't even if her story were spot-on accurate. Among the Trees
Who did she complain to about losing her existing coverage?
Who put her in touch with Tim Walberg, and who paid for her trip to D.C. to attend the State of the Union with Walberg?
Who put her in touch with Americans for Prosperity, and is she getting any compensation for appearing in these ads?
Why has Obamacare gotten 100 percent of the blame for plan cancellations, and Blue Cross/Blue Shield gotten zero percent of the blame?
And finally, why hasn't the Peters campaign pointed out that because of Obamacare, Ms. Boonstra (a) can't lose her coverage on account of her pre-existing condition and (b) can't blow through a lifetime benefits cap?
All of this defies my imagination. A government that robs Peter to pay Paul can always count on the support of Paul.
A and B are strong, central tenets of the Affordable Care Act -- but the more Boonstra is made the issue from campaign retorts, the more Americans For Prosperity, the generator, funder and disseminator of the falsehoods gets off the hook and gets to use a woman's illness as a human shield. That isn't to say the media shouldn't raise these questions, but that approach would be a tough needle to thread for the Peters campaign.
He isn't attacking her, from what I have seen, but the right wing sound-and-fury machine has been whipping themselves in to an artificial lather about him silencing a sick woman anyway. Great Lakes, Great Times.
BigGator5@BigGator5·Feb 22 #ACA Watch: @RepGaryPeters Attacks Mother W/ Cancer http://moelane.com/2014/02/22/... ... @moelane @AFPhq #tcot #p2 #michigan #mi14 #obamacare #waronwomen
Shane Wikfors@ShaneWikfors·Feb 22 New Dem strategy: attack victims of #Obamacare to protect sitting congressmen. #MI14 #IamJulie
Shane Wikfors@ShaneWikfors·Feb 22 Are you for real @RepGaryPeters?! Shame on you for attacking cancer patient Julie Boonstra! #WarOnWomen in #MI14
AFP Arizona@ArizonaAFP·Feb 22 Shame on @RepGaryPeters for waging war on cancer patient Julie Boonstra in #MI14! #waronwomen pic.twitter.com/RuRzYXEniZ
The Repeal Pledge@RepealPledge·Feb 22 @RepGaryPeters Lawyers Up to Silence Cancer Patient Julie Boonstra http://americansforprosperity.... ... @MyCancellation #MI14 #MIpol #MIsen Great Lakes, Great Times.
That's the kind of writing that makes people think that politics is all based on partisan expediency. I will have nothing to do with it. Among the Trees
If Johnson & Johnson is passing off a company executive or their spouse as a real-live, unaffiliated consumer of their products in a commercial -- and it came to light -- I as a consumer would be interested to know that their validator doesn't speak with the same potency. Same with paid actors. They are being paid to validate.
I doubt AFP paid her much, if at all, because she is a true believer in the Republican cause. I anticipate she did it because she wants to hurt Peters and help Land. Just as it would be informative to know whether a commercial validator is on the payroll, it would similarly be informative if that person was an active participant in the opposing party. She likely didn't participate in an AFRP press conference outside of Gary Peters house because she is concerned about her health costs; she wants Gary Peters to lose a Senate election.
She already has my sympathy, regardless of her relations or political involvement.
If the point is to use sympathy to politically punish Gary Peters, which I believe it was, well, then it doesn't matter whether she was paid or not, whether it was honest or not, or whether she is a Republican precinct delegate or not... What the sponsoring entity is after is for the viewer to feel badly that she is ill and suffering -- and make Peters lose support or votes because of it.
I'm not forcing you to have anything to do with it. I'm raising a point that I find relevant in a discussion. Great Lakes, Great Times.
The only thing that knowing about her connections does is make it more imperative that the media scrutinize the ad and the conduct surrounding it. But most of us already knew that there was something highly fishy about it, so there's no reason to start flinging poo at Julie Boonstra. Among the Trees
Learning about her personal and political connections, if this were all new, would simply demand that we closely scrutinize her narrative. But, we already did all that without knowing about her political connections. As a result, aside from adding a "That figures" side of this, knowing about her personal life adds nothing. Among the Trees
Peters is a seasoned campaigner and they can spin out that crazy silence me response if they like, he will answer that as well and then they can spend more money. He knows how to handle bloody knuckle campaigning.
The media selling people are the winners here.
Why give her, and AFP, and Land, all a pass on this? They got caught, and they deserve to pay. Democrats never seem to want to throw back the mud that gets slung in their direction. If the shoe was on the other foot...
As these "Christians" are always happy to say to everyone else: You reap what you so. Well, Americans for Prosperity are going to have the most rotten of harvests come fall, let me tell you.
I think the present strategy of going after the Kochs and Land is correct. Hammer at the puppetmasters, and leave Boonstra to become yesterday's story.
Actually she lives in Walberg's district--Dexter, she said. So I can't help but wonder what would happen if you were to call your Rep's local office and ask for help with ACA. I wonder if the Dems would give you a contact for a navigator or help you themselves; I REALLY wonder what a call to Walberg's office would get you in the way of help.
(And a lot of ex-wives would be interested in how much help Boonstra's ex-husband gave her.)
That Walberg took an interest in Ms. Boonstra's ACA experience--and even invited her to be his guest at the State of the Union address--gives off an especially sharp odor. A government that robs Peter to pay Paul can always count on the support of Paul.


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CONTENTSNJCAA TV LINKSNJCAA.orgNJCAA FacebookNJCAA TwitterNJCAA TV FacebookNJCAA TV TwitterNJCAA Baseball National ChampionshipsNJCAA Men's Basketball National ChampionshipsNJCAA Women's Basketball National ChampionshipsNJCAA Bowl GamesNJCAA Soccer National ChampionshipsNJCAA Softball National ChampionshipsNJCAA Volleyball National ChampionshipsSPORTSRTV |
Home » Men's Basketball NewsLakers dominate FalconsFebruary 19, 2013 By Chet Novak of LAKE LAND COLLEGEMATTOON--LAKER FIELD HOUSE--The Lake Land College Lakers men's basketball team rousted the Falcons of Southeastern Illinois College, 82-62, Monday night. Lakers current records: Overall: 18-8 GRAC: 8-4 Home: 10-3 Away: 6-4 Neutral: 2-1 Last 5: 3-2 Streak: Won-3 The Lakers are currently 4th in the GRAC.
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Curtain Pelmets
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Saddle room oaky and buttery. $70. Very good
More posts
- Buttery and creamy, we bought this from Whole Foods for about $35.00
- Absolutely worth the $ Lol. It was excellent. Would be great if it aged.
- ROMBAUER 2012 Chardonnay Wonderful, reliable, tangy and buttery $30 at Total Wine 92 pts
- Really nice oaked Chardonnay. Gift from Jo and Greg
- Chardonnay also good


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UPS - Unregistered September 01, 2010 5:40 PM A lot of other very talented and more experienced riders also crashed out due to the appalling bumps and slippery conditions. No disgrace there. Good passes on Vasquez and co despite the frustration of being passed again on the straight. Hopefully with equal engines, more power and a bigger fairing in Moto2, size and weight won't be so significant. Good luck for Misano. 10 agree 5 disagree
M. Simpson - Unregistered September 02, 2010 4:14 PM I think you'll find Colin Edwards for the US has a lockdown on ending a career with whimpering and excuses. 3 agree 0 disagree


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Waiting was the hardest part for Tyler Christian.
The 13-year-old arrived at Harveys Creek in Plymouth Township at 5 a.m. with his family to claim a spot of shoreline for the opening day of trout. He had three hours to pass until the 8 a.m. start time.
"I just talked to my family or sat in the car," Christian said. "It was pretty hard."
But after 8 a.m., things got a lot easier. Using a Blue Fox spinner, Christian landed three trout right off the bat. All of a sudden the long wait didn't seem so bad.
"I enjoy being out here with my family, and I do enjoy catching fish," he said. "I do get excited for the opening day."
Anglers crowded the banks of area lakes and streams for Saturday's trout season opener. They were greeted with chilly temperatures early in the morning that many felt kept the action slow at first.
"They were biting slow in the morning but it started to pick up around 10," said Swoyersville resident Marty Burridge, who arrived at Moon Lake at 7 a.m. "We've been coming to Moon Lake on opening day for 12 years and we're glad they opened the park for this. It's a great place for kids to fish and when the trout start hitting the action can get pretty fast."
Just down from Burridge stood 10-year-old Carter Golaszewski, who had yet to get a hit but still fished with determination. Even though Golaszewski isn't old enough to have to buy a fishing license, he sported a homemade license pinned to his cap.
"My mom made it for me," he said. "I was excited to go today, even if it was a little cold this morning. Maybe when the sun comes out they'll start hitting better."
Ross Piazza, a deputy waterways conservation officer with the Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission, estimated there were almost 300 anglers at Moon Lake by the time he left at 10 a.m. As the morning warmed up, he said, the fish starting biting so many people stayed at the lake.
Down the road at Harveys Creek, where cars were parked all along state Route 29, Piazza said he checked several anglers who caught their limit of five trout in the morning.
Despite the heavy rains later in the week, area streams were in good shape for fishing on Saturday. Waterways Conservation Officer John Cummings reported anglers at Kitchen and Pine creeks were having quite a bit of success.
"At Pine Creek the bite was really on with brook trout, and they were catching them with corn, minnows and paste bait," Cummings said. "The water was perfect in the streams. I was concerned the night before after the rain made the creeks run rough, but this morning they were perfect with just a little bit of color."
Brian Christian of Wapwallopen spent the morning at Harveys Creek and was surprised at how good the fishing was considering the recent rain.
"I saw the river was high this morning so I was worried about the stream, but it's beautiful. You can't beat it," he said. "They're hitting, but not as good as past years. Still, the first thing about today is the camaraderie with family and friends. That's what we're here for."
At Lily Lake, most anglers opted to fish from boats around the launch and parking lot areas. A cold wind reduced the crowd by about half later in the morning and many anglers headed to shore to have lunch at a stand operated by the members of Mount Zion Church.
Cummings and Piazza said Saturday was pretty quiet in regards to violations. The most common problem, according to Piazza, was anglers fishing from boats without a life jacket on Moon Lake.
According to new legislation, anyone using a boat 16 feet or under between Nov. 1 and April 30 must wear a life jacket.
"We've been giving warning today as people start to become aware of the change," Piazza said. "But after a while we'll issue citations if the problem persists."


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Address: Rua Raiña 11, Santiago de Compostela, SpainAverage rating: 0%
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We are next toThe Pilgrim Office, in the corner overlooking the Square Plaza de Fonseca.
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Bus stop (Urban and airport bus): 5 minutes walking.


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posted Sep 13 2010 5:51AM
A Man's Excuse For Doing 100 Miles-An-Hour In A 50 MPH Zone? He Was Trying To Dry Off His Car
Last week, the police in Naperville, Illinois, pulled over 24-year-old Lucas Wright in his 2006 Honda Accord. Lucas was doing ONE HUNDRED miles-an-hour in a 50 mph zone. And he gave them a perfectly logical explanation . . . at least in his eyes.
--The police say that Lucas told them, quote, "He'd just gotten his car washed and he was trying to dry it off." And he wasn't lying . . . when they checked out his car, it was, in fact, wet. And it was still drying when they impounded it and towed it away.
--Lucas was arrested and charged with a misdemeanor for going 40 miles-per-hour or more over the posted limit.
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Page 1
arXiv:1202.3893v1 [cond-mat.mtrl-sci] 17 Feb 2012
90◦Ferroelectric Domains in PbTiO3: Experimental Observation and Molecular
Dynamics Simulations
Kenta Aoyagi1, Takeshi Nishimatsu2, Takanori Kiguchi2, Toyohiko J. Konno2,
Yoshiyuki Kawazoe2, Hiroshi Funakubo3, Anil Kumar4,5, and Umesh V. Waghmare5
1Department of Materials Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
2Institute for Materials Research (IMR), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
3Department of Innovative and Engineered Materials,
Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
4Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University,
136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08544-8019,
5Theoretical Sciences Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced
Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore, 560 064, India
(Dated: February 20, 2012)
We report observation of 90◦ferroelectric domain structures in transmission electron microscopy
(TEM) of epitaxially-grown films of PbTiO3. Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations based on
first-principles effective Hamiltonian of bulk PbTiO3, we corroborate the occurance of such domains
showing that it arises as metastable states only in cooling simulations (as the temperature is lowered)
and establish characteristic stability of 90◦domain structures in PbTiO3. In contrast, such domains
do not manifest in similar simulations of BaTiO3. Through a detailed analysis based on energetics
and comparison between PbTiO3 and BaTiO3, we find that 90◦domain structures are energetically
favorable only in the former, and the origin of their stability lies in the polarization-strain coupling.
Our analysis suggests that they may form in BaTiO3 due to special boundary condition and/or
defect-related inhomogeneities.
PACS numbers: 64.60.De, 68.37.Lp, 77.80.Dj, 77.80.B-, 77.84.-s
Ferroelectric transitions in perovskite oxides, such as
BaTiO3, are fluctuation driven first-order phase transi-
tions, and hence a state with spatially fluctuating order
parameter can readily form as a result of certain me-
chanical and electric boundary conditions1. A common
example of such a state is the one with domains of fer-
roelectric polarization with different symmetry equiva-
lent orientations of order parameter that are separated
by domain walls. Indeed, many properties of perovskite
ferroelectrics depend on such domain structure, and it is
being increasingly relevant at nano-scale2–5. Naturally,
the properties of a domain wall or an interface between
adjacent ferroelectric domains depend on (a) symmetries
and structural details of ferroelectric phases and (b) mi-
croscopic couplings responsible for the ferroelectric phase
Perovskite oxides such as BaTiO3and PbTiO3are rep-
resentative ferroelectric materials, although are quite dif-
ferent from each other in terms of their phase transi-
tions. While PbTiO3 undergoes a single strongly first
order phase transition from cubic to tetragonal struc-
ture as temperature is lowered, BaTiO3 exhibits a se-
quence of three relatively weaker first-order phase transi-
tions. A paraelectric phase of BaTiO3with cubic struc-
ture transforms into a tetragonal ferroelectric phase at a
Curie temperature, 393 K. Further cooling produces sud-
den changes from a tetragonal phase to an orthorhom-
bic phase at 278 K and from an orthorhombic phase
to a rhombohedral phase at 203 K6,7. On the other
hand, PbTiO3 exhibits a phase transition from a para-
electric cubic phase to a ferroelectric tetragonal phase at
TC= 763 K and remains tetragonal down to 0 K8–10.
While the domain structures in ferroelectrics have been
revealed experimentally7,11–25, detailed in situ experi-
mental analysis of the domains and domain walls is quite
challenging and the temperature dependence of dynamics
of domain structure is not well understood. In the case
of PbTiO3, experimental studies of domains are further
more difficult as the sample needs to be heated over its
high transition temperature TC= 763 K and such heating
leads to evaporation of Pb ions changing the composition
of the sample26.
Ferroelectric phase transitions in perovskite oxides
in bulk and thin film have been investigated by com-
puter simulations such as phase-field method27, Monte
Carlo simulations28, and molecular dynamics (MD)
simulations29. Recently, Nishimatsu et al. have devel-
oped a fast and versatile MD simulator of ferroelectrics
based on first-principles effective Hamiltonian30which
can be used in systematic studies of bulk as well as thin
films. They have studied BaTiO3bulk and thin-film ca-
pacitors and obtained results showing good agreement
with experiments. Their MD simulations of BaTiO3un-
der periodic boundary condition (PBC) for bulk did not
show any domain structures, as there is no depolariza-
tion field in the PBC of bulk. Simulations of thin-film of
BaTiO3only show 180◦domain structures30, though 90◦
domain structures are widely seen in experiments11,13.
One of the advantages of MD simulations compared
to Monte Carlo simulations is its ability to simulate
Page 2
time-dependent dynamical phenomena, e.g. MD simu-
lation can be used to study the evolution of ferroelec-
tric domains as a function of time during heating-up and
cooling-down simulations.
In this paper, we report heating-up and cooling-down
molecular-dynamics (MD) simulations of bulk PbTiO3
to understand our observation of 90◦domain structures
in epitaxially-grown sample of PbTiO3. In Sec. II, we
present experimental details for the sample preparation
and we show a transmission electron microscope (TEM)
image of 90◦domain structure in PbTiO3film. We briefly
explain the first-principles effective Hamiltonian and de-
tails of MD simulations in Sec. III and we present our
results and analysis of heating-up and cooling-down MD
simulations in Sec. IV. We finally summarize our work
and conclusions in Sec. V.
A.Sample preparation and Methods of TEM
An epitaxial PbTiO3thick film, with film thicknesses
of about 1200 nm, was grown on the SrRuO3/SrTiO3
substrate at 873 K by pulsed metal organic chemical va-
por deposition (pulsed-MOCVD) method. SrRuO3was
deposited on (100) SrTiO3 by rf-magnetron sputtering
method. The detail of film preparation technique is de-
scribed elsewhere31,32. The TEM specimens were pre-
pared with focused ion beam (FIB) micro-sampling tech-
nique. Damage layers, introduced during FIB microfab-
rication, were removed by low-energy Ar ion milling at
0.3 kV. JEM-2000EXII was used for TEM observations.
TEM observations were performed at room temperature.
B. Observed TEM image
In Fig. 1, we show a bright field TEM image of a
PbTiO3thick film, taken with the incident electron beam
parallel to the [100] axis of the PbTiO3. The inset in the
image is the corresponding selected-area electron diffrac-
tion pattern. This bright-field TEM image is taken with
the scattering vector g0¯1¯1excited. Here, a- and c-domains
are those with polarization along a and c axes of the
PbTiO3parallel and perpendicular to the substrate, re-
spectively. This domain configuration is typical and very
commonly seen for tetragonal PbTiO3 films. The do-
main size is about 50-200 nm. Such 90◦domain configu-
rations, similar to that in Fig. 1, have been also observed
in BaTiO311,13. Boundaries between a- and c-domains
are seen as black lines, as the TEM sample is slightly
tilted. From this image, we can not discuss the width of
domain walls between a- and c-domain. High-resolution
TEM observation has revealed that the width of 90◦do-
main walls is 1.0±0.3 nm33. To this end, high-resolution
TEM observation was conducted in order to reveal the
FIG. 1: A bright-field TEM image of a PbTiO3 thick film
taken with an electron incident parallel to the [100] of
PbTiO3. Scripts a and c in this figure denote a-domain and
c-domain, respectively.
width of domain walls between a- and c-domain. Fig. 2
shows the high-resolution TEM image of PbTiO3film, in-
dicating that the width of domain walls is corresponding
to 1 or 2 unit cells.
Before our computational study, it should be worth
mentioning that 90◦domains have been often observed
in both BaTiO3and PbTiO3, and are both ferroelectric
and ferroelastic in nature. Typically, 90◦domains are
formed in epitaxial ferroelectric and ferroelastic films in
order to relax the strain resulting from lattice mismatch
with the substrate at and below TC.34,35They nucleate
at misfit dislocations formed above TC. Their growth is
accompanied with the introduction of the additional dis-
location perpendicular to the misfit dislocations and the
dissociation of the dislocations into two pairs of partial
dislocations around an anti-phase boundary23.
A.Effective Hamiltonian
(MD) simulations are performed using first-principles ef-
fective Hamiltonian28–30,36,37,
andcooling-down molecular-dynamics
Page 3
FIG. 2: A high-resolution TEM image of a PbTiO3 thick
film taken with an electron incident parallel to the [100] of
PbTiO3. The 90◦domain boundary is shown by the chain
˙ u2
α(R) +M∗
˙ w2
+ Vself({u}) + Vdpl({u}) + Vshort({u})
+ Velas,homo(η1,...,η6) + Velas,inho({w})
+Vcoup,homo({u},η1,...,η6)+Vcoup,inho({u},{w}) ,
where u = u(R) and w = w(R) are, respectively, the
local dipolar displacement vector and the local acoustic
displacement vector of the unit cell at R in a simulation
supercell. α(= x,y,z) is the Cartesian directions. Braces
{} denote a set of u or w in the supercell. η1,...,η6
are the homogeneous strain components.
acousticare the effective masses for u and w, therefore,
first two terms in Eq. (1) are kinetic energies of them.
Vself, Vdpl, Vshort, Velas,homo, Velas,inho, Vcoup,homo,
and Vcoup,inhoare a local-mode self-energy, a long-range
dipole-dipole interaction, a short-range interaction, a ho-
mogeneous elastic energy, an inhomogeneous elastic en-
ergy, a couping between {u} and η1,...,η6, and a couping
between {u} and {w}, respectively. More detailed ex-
planation of symbols in the effective Hamiltonian can be
found in Refs. 30 and 37. We take all the parameters of
the first-principles effective Hamiltonian for PbTiO3from
the earlier work38. However, the form of the effective
Hamiltonian we use in our simulations30,37is slightly dif-
ferent from the one used to get the parameters in Ref. 38.
TABLE I: The parameters of first-principles effective Hamil-
tonian for PbTiO3 used in our simulations are given in the
second column and how these parameters are related with
the parameters in the previous work38are shown in the third
parameters value
a0 [˚ A]3.969
B11 [eV] 117.9
B12 [eV]
B44 [eV] 137.0
B1xx [eV/˚ A2] −114.02 2(g0+g0)
B1yy [eV/˚ A2] −13.67
B4yz [eV/˚ A2] −22.67
α [eV/˚ A4] 27.83
γ [eV/˚ A4]
k1 [eV/˚ A6]
k2 [eV/˚ A6]
k3 [eV/˚ A6]
k4 [eV/˚ A8]156.43
κ2[eV/˚ A2]1.170
j1 [eV/˚ A2]
j2 [eV/˚ A2]4.986
j3 [eV/˚ A2]0.222
j4 [eV/˚ A2]
j5 [eV/˚ A2]0.398
j6 [eV/˚ A2]
j7 [eV/˚ A2]
bl+ bt1
bl− bt1
The new parameters can be easily derived from the pre-
vious ones. We list values of all the parameters used in
our simulations and how they are related to the previous
work38in Table I.
B.Simulation Details
are performed with our original MD code feram
the code can be found in Ref. 30.
kept constant in each temperature step in the canon-
ical ensemble using the Nos´ e-Poincar´ e thermostat.39
This simplectic thermostat is so efficient that we
can set the time step to ∆t = 2 fs.
MD simulations, we thermalize the system for 20,000
time steps, after which we average the properties for
20,000 time steps. We used a supercell of system size
N = Lx×Ly×Lz= 32×32×32 and small temperature
steps in heating-up (+1 K/step) and cooling-down
(−1 K/step) simulations.
from 100 K to 900 K is started from an z-polarized initial
andcooling-down MDsimulations
Details of
Temperature is
In our present
The heating-up simulation
Page 4
0 200 400 600 800 1000
lattice constants [Å]
FIG. 3: (Color online) Simulated temperature dependence of
lattice constants of PbTiO3in heating-up (red solid lines) and
cooling-down (blue dashed lines) molecular-dynamics simula-
configuration generated randomly: ?ux? = ?uy? = 0,
?uz? = 0.33˚ A, ?u2
and ?u2
average in supercell ?uα? =
down one from 900 K to 100 K is started from random
paraelectric initial configuration: ?ux? = ?uy? = ?uz? = 0
and ?u2
x?−?ux?2= ?u2
y?−?uy?2= (0.045˚ A)2,
z?−?uz?2= (0.021˚ A)2, where brackets denote R-
Ruα(R). The cooling-
α? − ?uα?2= (0.15˚ A)2.
From the temperature dependence of averaged lat-
tice constants (shown in Fig. 3), a tetragonal-to-cubic
ferroelectric-to-paraelectricphase transition is clearly ob-
served in the heating-up simulation at 677 K. However,
a strange behavior in lattice constants is found in the
cooling-down simulation at T=592 K. The average tem-
perature of these two transition temperatures (634 K)
is in good agreement with the earlier Monte Carlo sim-
ulations and slightly lower than the experimental value
TC= 763 K. Indeed, the observation of an orthorhombic
phase during cooling-down simulations is intriguing.
To understand this interesting behaviour of lattice con-
stants in cooling-down simulations, we perform a detailed
analysis of the configurations (snapshots) during our MD
simulations. From a snapshot of dipoles in the supercell
(shown in Fig. 4), we find that the apparently orthorhom-
bic nature of the phase is due to a 90◦domain struc-
ture. Although the 4 unit cell = 1.6 nm of the domain
size is much smaller than experimentally observed ones
as shown in Sec. IIB, the width of a simulated domain
wall estimated to be ∼ 1 unit cell is in good agreement
with our experiment. Each domain has the a = b < c
tetragonal structure of PbTiO3, but their average value
in whole crystal gives smaller c′than c and larger a′than
a. The lattice constant b′has almost the same values as
a, because the polar directions of two kind of domains
are perpendicular to the b′-axis. It should be noted that
this domain structure is found in MD simulations in bulk
under periodic boundary condition (PBC), but we have
not simulated thin films. Under the PBC, there is no
depolarization field inside the bulk. Moreover, this do-
main structure can be easily reproduced in cooling-down
simulations from any random paraelectric initial config-
urations and any seeds for the pseudo random number
generator40. There was no evidence for such unusual be-
havior in simulations of bulk BaTiO330,37.
To understand the reason of stability of the 90◦domain
structure seen here, even in bulk PbTiO3, we compare
"total energy surfaces" between single and 90◦domain
structures. The total energy surface of single domain
structure with [001] polarization is the same as in Refs. 36
and 30. For the total energy surface of 90◦domain struc-
ture, we focus on a snapshot of the supercell at 300K
shown in Fig. 4 and represent it with {u90◦,300K(R)}. We
now obtain a sequence of configurations by multiplying
a factor
?u?90◦,300Kfor all R
u(R) =
?u?90◦,300Ku90◦,300K(R) ,
and compute total energy as a function of u, where
?u?90◦,300Kis the averaged length of dipoles in the 300 K
|u90◦,300K(R)| = 0.32˚ A .
Calculated total energy surfaces of single and 90◦do-
main structures for PbTiO3are shown in Fig. 5 with solid
and dashed lines, respectively. For comparison, those for
BaTiO3are also plotted assuming the same 90◦domain
structure by using the set of parameters in Hefflisted in
Ref. 37. While the 90◦domain structure of PbTiO3ex-
hibits a minimum at u ?= 0, that of BaTiO3costs energy.
This is why the 90◦domain structures can be found in
simple cooling-down simulations of PbTiO3, but not in
those of BaTiO3.
Minima are indicated with (a)–(c) in Fig. 5. To un-
cover the origin of this contrasting behaviour, interac-
tion energy terms at the minimums are listed in TA-
BLE II. For the BaTiO3, because there is no minimum,
interaction energies of configuration at (d) in Fig. 5 (of
u = 0.10˚ A) are listed.
From TABLE II, It is clear that the energy losses in
Vharmonic, Velas,inho, and Vcoup,homoin forming the 90◦
domain structure in PbTiO3are compensated by the en-
ergy gains in Vunharmonic, Velas,homo, and Vcoup,inho. In
contrast, such recoveryis not sufficient in BaTiO3to form
a u ?= 0 minimum or non trivial 90◦domain structures.
In stabilization of the 90◦domain structures in PbTiO3,
our analysis conclusively highlights the role of two mi-
croscopic interactions: (a) lower elastic energy cost aris-
ing from the smaller strain from compensation along c
Page 5
FIG. 4: (Color online) Snapshot of three "sides" of the 32 × 32 × 32 supercell at T = 300K in a cooling-down simulation of
PbTiO3. Dipole moments of each site are projected onto the side planes and indicated with arrows. Dipoles of uz > 0.2˚ A are
indicated with red color. Dipoles of uz ≤ 0.2˚ A are indicated with green. Crystalline directions are indicated with a′, b′, and c′
as indicated in Fig. 3.
TABLE II: Comparison of interaction energies Viin the effective Hamiltonian of Eq. (1) for two kinds of domain states of
PbTiO3 and BaTiO3. Vharmonicis the sum of Vdpl, Vshort, and the harmonic terms in Vself. Vunharmonicis the unharmonic
terms in Vself. Unit of energy is eV.
x of
energy Vx
(a) single
−0.22106 −0.14393 +0.07713 −0.03886
0.334350.17249 −0.16186
0.219460.04441 −0.17505
0.000000.05171 +0.05171
−0.43891 −0.08881 +0.35010 −0.05218
0.00000 −0.10342 −0.10342
−0.10616 −0.06755 +0.03861 −0.01741
(b) 90◦
(c) single
(d) 90◦
0.03541 +0.07427
0.00695 −0.04059
0.00131 −0.02478
0.00000 −0.00262 −0.00262
0.00089 +0.05307
0.00000 −0.00178 −0.00178
0.04016 +0.05757
u [˚ A]0.34 0.290.16 0.10
Page 6
0.0 0.10.2 0.30.40.5
E−E0 [eV]
u [Å]
BaTiO3 90° domain
BaTiO3 single domain
PbTiO3 90° domain
PbTiO3 single domain
for PbTiO3 single domain (solid line), PbTiO3 90◦do-
main (dashed line), BaTiO3 single domain (dotted line), and
BaTiO3 90◦domain (chain line).
(Color online) Calculated total energy surfaces
and a axis, and (b) inhomogeneous (local) strain cou-
pling with polarization at the domain wall. The latter
does not contribute much to transition behavior in the
bulk, but has rather significant impact on the properties
of domain wall. Noting that a 90◦domain structure is
not energetically favorable in BaTiO3simulated as a per-
fect bulk crystal and coupling of soft modes with higher
energy modes is weak, we believe that the experimentally
observed 90◦domain structures in BaTiO3is most likely
due to inhomogeneities in the samples and/or the specific
electric and mechanical boundary conditions.
In this article, TEM observation of PbTiO3thick films
revealed 90◦domain structures, which have been often
observed in BaTiO3. The domain size perpendicular to
domain boundaries was 50–200 nm. The width of domain
wall was corresponding to 1 or 2 unit cell.
We also have performed heating-up and cooling-down
MD simulations of PbTiO3. In cooling-down simulation,
90◦domain structure is found to form spontaneously.
By comparing "total energy surfaces" of single and 90◦
domain structures, we understand that a 90◦domain
structure is metastable in bulk PbTiO3, but not in bulk
BaTiO3. The origin of this contrast is traced to sig-
nificantly larger polarization-stran coupling in PbTiO3.
Hence, while 90◦domain structures can form sponta-
neously in PbTiO3, they seem to arise in BaTiO3mostly
from special boundary conditions and/or defect-related
This work was supported by Japan Society for the Pro-
motion of Science (JSPS) through KAKENHI 23740230
and 21760524. Computational resources were provided
by the Center for Computational Materials Science, Insti-
tute for Materials Research (CCMS-IMR), Tohoku Uni-
versity. We thank the staff at CCMS-IMR for their con-
stant effort. This study was also supported by the Next
Generation Super Computing Project, Nanoscience Pro-
gram, MEXT, Japan. UVW acknowledges an IBM fac-
ulty award grant in supporting some of his work.
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