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How To Design A Logo
Posted on 08'08 Jan
Want to know how to design a logo like a professional and have all the resources you need in just one post? Then this is the post for you… Learn professional logo design in just 5 steps!
If you are after a professional logo design I am currently available for hire. Click here for a free quote.
1. Learn What A Logo Is & What It Represents
Before you design a logo, you must understand what a logo is, what it represents and what it is supposed to do. A logo is not just a mark – a logo reflects a business's commercial brand via the use of shape, fonts, colour, and / or images.
A logo is for inspiring trust, recognition and admiration for a company or product and it is our job as designers to create a logo that will do its job.
One must know what a logo is before continuing.
For further reading on what is a logo check out Wikipedia's Definition.
2. Know The Principles of Effective Logo Design
Now that you know what a logo is supposed to do, and what it should represent you now must learn about what makes a great logo aka; the basic rules and principles of effective logo design.
1. A logo must be simple
A simple logo design allows for easy recognition and allows the logo to be versatile & memorable. Good logos feature something unexpected or unique without being overdrawn.
2. A logo must be memorable
Following closely behind the principle of simplicity, is that of memorability. An effective logo design should be memorable and this is achieved by having a simple, yet, appropriate logo.
3. A logo must be timeless
An effective logo should be timeless – that is, it will stand the test of time. Will the logo still be effective in 10, 20, 50 years?
4. A logo must be versatile
An effective logo should be able to work across a variety of mediums and applications. For this reason a logo should be designed in vector format, to ensure that it can be scaled to any size. The logo must work in just one colour too.
5. A logo must be appropriate
How you position the logo should be appropriate for its intended purpose. For example, if you are designing a a logo for children's toys store, it would be appropriate to use a childish font & color scheme. This would not be so appropriate for a law firm.
For further reading on the rules and principles of great logo design I highly recommend to read the logo design tips from Logo Factory before continuing and also the article Why logo design does not cost $5.00. You may also wish to read How NOT To Design A Logo.
3. Learn Off Others Success & Mistakes
Successful Logos
Now you know what the rules of logo design are, you can distinguish the difference between a good and a bad logo… By knowing what other logos have succeeded and why they have succeeded gives a great insight into what makes a good logo.
For example, lets look at the classic Nike Swoosh. This logo was created by Caroline Davidson in 1971 for only $35 yet it still a strong, memorable logo, effective without colour and easily scalable. It is simple, fluid and fast and represents the wing in the famous statue of the Greek Goddess of victory, Nike – something perfect for a sporting apparel business. Nike is just one of many great logos, think about other famous brands that you know about and check out their logos – what makes them successful?
For more quality, lesser known logos I recommend checking out Logo Of The Day or going to your local book store or library and looking at a logo design book.
The Not So Successful Logos
We can also learn off logos that have not been as successful such as the ones in the above picture or these bad logo designs. As seen in that post linked, some logos can depict things that may have not always be noticeable to the designer (as in the middle logo above) or they could just be plain bad design, as in the logo to the right.
4. Establish Your Own Logo Design Process
Now that we know what a logo is, what the principles and rules of logo design are and what makes a successful logo we can now finally begin the design process. This it hardest part of the 5 steps and is its own topic in itself – Each person's logo design process is different and experience usually is the key factor in creating your own logo design process however check out The Secret Logo Design Process Of Top Logo Designers for a better idea.
In short, a logo design process usually consists of
- The Design Brief
- Research & Brainstorming
- Sketching
- Prototyping & Conceptualising (See Step 5)
- Send To Client For Review
- Revise & Add Finishing Touches
- Supply Files To Client and Give Customer Service
If you ever get stuck before or during your design process check out this great article on How To Boost Your Creativity.
5. Learn The Software & Complete The Logo
After you have got your design process sorted out, it is usually a good time to begin mastering your software (Adobe Illustrator is the industry standard) but remember you can't design a logo by just hopping straight onto the computer… brainstorm and sketch first.
After you have got your initial ideas and sketches from brainstorming you can then usually jump onto the computer to start digitising your logo. After you have got a great concept(s) digitised you can send it to your client, get revisions, and eventually complete the logo and thus, you have successfully created a professional logo.
Do you have any other tips or suggestions on how to make a professional logo?
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286 JUST™ Creative Comments
Excellent post as I'm currently stuck designing my own logo. And I mean STUCK!
Seeds For Wealth's last blog post..Free Vectors Of Money Sign Tags
Would you like to help work on it for fun? :)
Does a lifetime site wide link interest you? I'll even throw in a review/exposure post because that looks like fun!
Seeds For Wealth's last blog post..Free Vectors Of Money Sign Tags
Forgive me, I didn't see the BIG project you have going on. Lots of prizes and things. I'll end this "thread" and work through your group writing project. Thanks for commenting back!
Seeds For Wealth's last blog post..Free Vectors Of Money Sign Tags
Good Post,
As a young designer i think there may be a few more things worth pointing out.
1> Stroke size, line weights and gradients should all be thoroughly checked in various scales and applications!
2> consider the logo's future applications – print versions should ALWAYS be CMYK!
3> Small business letterhead logo's often end up in "MS Word" templates most often printed in B+W (and yes, the fax machine still exists!), Contrast is the key.
4> Establish your 'Clean space'… (a simple white box behind the final logo will normally do). Clean space is the negative space the designer defines around the logo to ensure no additions, backgrounds etc clash with the logo – research "logo style guides" for more info.Hope that helps.
Neat tips there. I've been able to sketch decent logos on paper, but somehow got too lazy after a few attempts in software. Those links should help – I'll try that logo sketch again :)
Sumeshs last blog post..Compfight now sports a new design
Nice article.
I had given a small presentation on similar lines. You can view it here: http://netbramha.com/2008/04/23/designing-a-logo-few-things-to-keep-in-mind-before-starting/
Aashish Solankis last blog post..Death of a salesman @ RangaShankara
Very good guide, especially for beginners. Logo is not something that anyone or any organization should design in one day. It required careful thoughts as it will represent companies image and overall approach.
I think you should most similar blog posts.
http://www.writingservicescompany.com -
This is an interesting post. Thanks,
Conrad Gorny
Freelance Graphic Designer
http://www.conradgorny.com -
Logo design is quite a bugger at times; especially if communication is slack between yourself the designer and your client; or if (like 100% of the time) your client is totally clueless to what they want!
This makes any form of design a ballache!
I think too many people try too hard with Fancy fonts (which are hard to read) pictures; "wordart" lol and other stupid techniques. I'll hasten to admit I am no expert in it; however I do not think I do a bad job either, yet compared to most of the other designers (especially the value ones) I think I do a great job in comparison.
It does piss me off how people want a Logo for £100/$100 though; it really is the face of your company.
I WILL ADD; The UK, London Olympic logo is a pile of overpriced abstract shit; and just goes to show paying over the odds does not mean you will get a good design!
This post is really helpfull, I'm learning on my own how to design and I think your post is cristalclear and easy to understand!
I like to contribute by linking this site that is similar to LogoPond, it can be usefull as inspiration also. http://faveup.com/ -
Hi Jacob, my name is Tavis Glover. I have been referring to your website for inspiration for a while now. Great Job! I am writing this comment because I am reaching out and looking for some help on how you were able to put a live blog with comments on your site. Any info, or articles, or anything would help. I have one up, but it is not like yours. Please help. Thanks again!
People need to do a little reasearch before they hit that post comment button…
Carolyn Davidson created the initial nike swoosh for $35 bucks..
BUT she also recieved….
"Nike co-founder and CEO Phil Knight gave Davidson a diamond ring with the swoosh on it and Nike stock in an amount that remains a secret! "
and im sure the stock options she got given are worth a crap load more than $35
As a person, who haven't design a proper logo ever, I have pondered this one thought quite long: When one certain logo change to another? I mean, is it still a same logo for example if you have same sort of visual trick in it, thought the font or processing the visual outlook would change?
Sorry, English isn't my native language.
Google modifies their logo every holiday and various other days, when there have happened something and then Coca Cola had about 5 years ago some sort of campaing, where they had their coke bottles' etiquettes written in languages, which didn't used latin alphabets (in katakanas, cyrillic alphabets, arabic alphabets etc). Of course, these logos are so widly known that they are still recognized as same, but can there be design a logo which do have same visual trick produced over and over again, thought the mood and the style od logo were different? Would it be the same logo?
Hi ! i found this site very usefull and i think all its said about logo its true, its really foundation for every company. i just creating internet company project (my "webpage") and i use logo of tatoo i hand – drawed about year ago. Altrough i found the original picture on the net, my logo is after all what i drawed by my hands. i think its "sit" with other instruction been descripted in other article here ( memorable, visible in inch size, etc). i beginning so what i like to ask is if its a good start or not cose i about sorting my logo to "real life" about now and i'd like to use in future one stadarized logo
byw email is firstname.lastname@example.com if anyone like to answer or get additional info on how to start cose i think i made well already
hei there, I'm in a need of getting thorough information regarding how to reproduce logo. Here, I join a student society in my campus and now I'm designing our new member admission posters. When I asked for the logo, they only give me this 150kb .jpg file which really is not nearly enough… Any suggestion?
As I said before, they only gave me one .jpg file. Seems I have to reproduce it, as you recommend.
What kind of software should I use to reproduce the logo, by the way?Thanks in advance, this is really illuminating.
Bagas -
As a marketer i use my logo in a variety in a variety of communications. So here is my tip for designers give the logo to your customers in a variety of formats for online, offline and print uses. If it is a colour logo give the customers an all white version, all back and the same if these but with a clear back ground so it can be easily included in marcoms.
I'm inclined to think that good design isn't that crucial a factor in a logo becoming well-known and recognisable. It depends on the company behind it as well.
Take, for instance, Google's logo. I haven't spoken to a single designer who doesn't think that it's horrible (I include myself). It's got more than two colours. It doesn't provide an idea of what the company does. It's difficult to use in a layout and it's difficult to use in print. But it's also one of the most recognisable symbols in the world today.
So, is the Google logo essentially a fluke? Not exactly.
Because Google provides a service that almost anybody with an internet connection uses, the logo becomes associated with the service and not the image of the company, so if the service is good, the logo would inspire loyalty despite being utter crap as a piece of visual design.
This is not to say that good logo design isn't important, but I think its role in a company's image is a tad overstated in this post and others like it.
Thats a great advice, I just hope that clients can be able to understand what a logo is; I get some who want a high quality 3D with alot if things on it – they forget that the logo will need to be used on other platforms than only web & print. At the end of the day, I have make sure they choose the best logo as the logo also serves as a reflection of the quality of my work.
Over and above, nice article! I give it a 10/10!
What a great article! An effective logo design speaks a thousand words. It should be timeless and memorable to keep people remembering the particular brand name over and over again. All this can be accomplished with a good designing team who take the initiative to understand your company. I've worked with LogoDesignCreation, and I'm amazed at their willingness to work to bring the best result and they gave fresh Ideas and new spins on existing designs. Their professional opinion is a great value for their clients. Professionalism and sincerity is worth more than a handshake after a business sale. They have both. LogoDesignCreation also has great service with fast response and are very attentive to customers specification. I really recommend this company to others out there who are needing a design.
Eric Jackson
I think number five "a logo must be appropriate" is really the only one that matters. Timeless doesn't make any sense because only time will tell that. Is the Coca Cola logo timeless? I don't know. Looks dated to me. But that's a good thing I suppose since they are 'the real thing'. The truth is you can say all these things are important to the logo design process but only time will tell. A lame logo can become cool and endearing if it's attached to a great brand. A great logo will go nowhere if attached to a bad product. As designers we like to think that we have all this power and that the right logo design is crucial for success but it's not true. It certainly helps, but a so-so logo will not hold back a great brand and a great product. However, a truly kick ass logo can give you an initial edge out of the gate and increase your odds of becoming a household name. That's the value of a great logo, its increases your odd, but it's not a deal breaker.
Thanks for providing an excellent article on logo design. I never know what to expect when clicking the top ranked web page on Google Search, but this high quality article certainly didn't disappoint. As a result, I have created a simple and effective logo for an upcoming website redesign, and the logo was done in less than 3 hours. Now sent it through for final analysis to my PR guru. If all Google searches delivered such perfect results, the majority of spam websites wouldn't make enough money to exist! Muchas gracias…
A few people has asked what logo "the bad" is…
Apparently it's the logo for an Asiatic restaurant.
It is supposed to represent a pagoda in front of a rising sun. It's a bad design because most occidentals will mistake the picture for something else it is not meant to represent. -
Great post… Is there info on what legal issues a designer should consider when creating a logo with a specific typeface incorporated in it?
right ok.. so there is no way around it besides what the license states?.. I read somewhere people were turning the type to outlines therefore it was no longer considered an original form of the font.. To me that sounds a bit dodgy for a client, I wasn't sure how cheeky that really is in the industry..?
Thanks for your help, much appreciated -
Hi there,
i run a clubnight in Leeds, UK Called nest we have been going 2 years and have done really well in our city and even had the priviledge of playing at the legendary Space in ibiza.
we have a podcast series which goes out to 4,000 subscribers and are currently getting a new website.
with this new website we're wanting a new logo i think our old one is too corporate check the website.
We are a good fun club night/party which plays house music old and new and want it to resemble a home like place were people can come and enjoy themselves and be themselves to good music!
i was wondering what the going rate is for a logo designed here?
Thanks Liam
Nice article. I have also learnt some of those logo design principles back on school. Still the one i can not understund quite well is the TIMELESS principle. How could i figure out whether my logo will still be effective in 10, 20 or 50 years? is there an effective way to predict that?
What makes flawless Coke Logo still effective?This is for me (Timeless) the most diffictul principle to achieve.
I would appreciate tips, or help on this aproach.
Here's a fun interview we did with our logo designer, a very talented artist from Pittsburgh. It is less about the technical side of logo design and creation, but more about the artist and the thought process involved.
Great website! I am a graphic designer from Mauritius, we don't have much resources as big countries and we rely a lot on getting infos and sharing from designers on the net, your tips are great: helpful and inspiring! My website.
Nice article, now that we learned logo design, can you tell us how to transfer them to canvas/computer?
I have talent on paper but when it comes to computer i know basic of AI but i heard for web 2 logos you need to know some 3d programs is that true (i saw some verry nice 3d logos witch i think that with AI cant be done) what do you suggest?
Ty -
hello! this info is really useful for beginners like me but i do have a question based on a experience. . . i had a really small business with other friends, at the time i we wanted to make a logo i didn't know where to start or how to make really GOOD logo … just made a logo based on how it would look like. maybe because we didn't have a true identity or brand. . . any advices how could i manage that kind of work with new and small business?
Thanks in advance
Hey, Jacob,
I like the tips but one thing I never noticed was a logo for your own graphic designing. Do you have one? If so I'd like to see it. -
Hello Jacob,
Thank you, it is very useful article. From the beginning I hooked up with your easy to understand writing style. For a beginner this information is very useful. I am going to start my journey to logo designing. I will remember these good tips.
You actually make it seem really easy together with your presentation however I find this matter to be actually one thing which I feel I would by no means understand. It kind of feels too complex and very huge for me. I am having a look ahead on your subsequent publish, I will try to get the hang of it!
Hi Jacob,
I've recently launched my site logotypers.com. It converts sketches into professional logos. I think it is a usefull tool for people with a logo idea in mind but no design skills. And for designers who can sketch fast and outsource the hard work.
Id like to know your opinion about my site!
Alan -
Unquestionably imagine that that you stated. Your favourite reason appeared to be at the web the easiest thing to remember of. I say to you, I certainly get annoyed at the same time as other people think about concerns that they plainly do not recognize about. You managed to hit the nail upon the highest as well as defined out the entire thing with no need side-effects , other people can take a signal. Will probably be again to get more. Thanks
94983 558439I was wondering if you ever considered changing the layout of your blog? Its very well written; I love what youve got to say. But maybe you could a little more in the way of content so people could connect with it better. Youve got an awful lot of text for only having one or two images. Maybe you could space it out better? 894702
This is a great overview of how to design a logo. If you want to apply your skills by working on a real-world project and potentially get paid, then check out http://www.ProjectsMarketplace.com. They have projects matched up with courses, like logo design. You can submit a bid to design a logo for a company. You can also get matched up with groups.
Hi, I found your post very useful! thanks!
In fact, I even included it in a Roojoom track I created about logo design
I Would love your input on the track!
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Good information and straight to the point, I just designed a logo for my site using a graphics pack from http://logomakercreator.com/ they are giving away, my logo turned out pretty good I reckon but that's just my opinion. (LOL)
Hello there, just turn into mindful of your current weblog thru Yahoo and google, and discovered that it must be actually insightful. I'm likely to be thorough for the town. I am going to appreciate if however you carry on this specific in future. Many people is usually gained from your producing. All the best!
Hi, I have gone through your post ,its really helpful for any designer or person who want to make logo design.I can remember one more blog which is really helpful in making logo design. http://www.designhill.com/design-blog/top-5-custom-logo-design-tips-beginners/ . I am sure it will help you and there are so many relevant blogs which can help you to make your ideas clear. I will say to all beginners you must go there.
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Plug and Listen Written By charly, texas on Monday, May 16, 2011 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) If you have a XM ready receiver this is easy as"sliced bread". Just follow the plug in system and then all you have to do is endure is the call in to SiriuisXM to activate the componet.
Excellent product. Works immediately with no problem or configuration Written By JimS, Atlanta, GA on Sunday, February 13, 2011 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) This product is pretty much bulletproof as the source for XM Radio on XM-Ready receivers. Just plug it in as directed, and it works. One point: If you live in a large city, Atlanta being an example, there is most likely one or more short-range radio repeaters located in your city, and you don't have to run the antenna out. Just set it on the back of your equipment rack. Once you are out of the central city a little way, though, you must deploy your antenna. Caution: Make SURE that your product is XM-Ready and not just Sirius-Ready. Even though the company is now Sirius/XM, there are still two separate systems, and the plugs are completely different. There are NO adapters. The Denon 4310ci has inputs for both XM and Sirius units, but the 4311ci has only a Sirius input. Stupid move on the part of Denon.
Great, space saving, XM tuner adapter! Written By Scott E., Gardena, CA on Monday, January 31, 2011 This XM tuner adapter works only with receivers designed to utilize it. I have a Pioneer VSX-9040 and it just plugs in to the receiver and it has its own antenna. You tune the XM stations using the receiver's remote control. You can see the channel, the artist, and the song titles on the receiver's display. I was worried about signal strength, since I was setting up the system on the north east side of the house. I thought I would have to go with an external antenna mount to get an unobstructed south facing position, but I was able to point the antenna south inside the house and get 3 bars (the maximum!). Everything works great, just like a regular tuner. The sound is very clean (sounds better than my Sony HD FM tuner), no static, and no commercials except on certain channels. I also have a component XM tuner (Polk), but there is no difference in the sound and the component takes up space and it has another plug to plug in. This XM tuner adapter is also a lot cheaper!
XM XHD2H1 Written By RobertM, Washington, DC on Monday, January 31, 2011 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) The product works great. Just what I needed. Takes up very little space and was easy to connect. Would recommend to anyone.
Easy setup, Poor sound quality Written By Rich F, Albuquerque, NM on Sunday, January 30, 2011 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) I was excited to get this item as FM station selection in Albuquerque is somewhat lacking the the music genres that I enjoy. Setup was very simple, don't even need to worry about a power cable. Just plug it in and go. Did not like that I had to leave my home theater reciever on while the satelite system searched for it. After listening for a while, I was dissapointed with the quality. I tried several different antenna locations and none improved sound quality. Sound quality for this reciever is very poor and I would not recommend Satelite radio to anyone. I will be canceling my service as soon as possible and will attempt to return or resell this device.
XM XHD2H1 Written By Tom K, Clifton, NJ on Saturday, November 06, 2010 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) Product was easy to hook up and put to use.
XM XHD2H1 Written By KeithMc, Edgefield, SC on Thursday, September 23, 2010 Crutchfield Customer Review (What's this?) I've enjoyed XM for several years, so when I purchased my new Yamaha receiver which was XM Ready, it only made sense to make this purchase. I operates flawlessly and was so easy to connect.


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Skip to main content
Choose a State Calendar or the All States Combined Calendar
Joel Wirth, MD - Chest Medicine Associates
Dr. Wirth will talk about the PH basics, PH meds and any new developments. There will be time for your questions.
Thursday, May 16, 4 p.m. - 6 p.m.
Maine Medical Center - 1st Floor Training Room
335 Brighton Avenue, Portland, ME
RSVP to Jeannette Morrill, 207-695-3042
Refreshments will be provided by Lung LLC.


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This grant program aids in the rescue and rehabilitation of retired racehorses, repurposing the horses for other areas of the equine world and giving them a new lease on life for events or pleasure riding.
To continue reading this article, become a member of TheHorse.com.
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Event Details
Type: eMedia Class
Age Group: Adults, Seniors & Teens
12/28/2013 • 10:30 a.m. - 12 p.m.
Summerlin LibraryRoom: Conference Room
Downloading eBooks to Your iPad, Tablet, Kindle Fire, Nook Color
Come join us and learn how to download eBooks onto your iPad,Tablet,Kindle Fire/HD or Nook Color/HD using the Overdrive Media App. We'll show you the steps to downloading materials and help answer any questions. You are welcome to bring your device with you to follow along. Reservations are required. Call 507-3866 to reserve your seat.


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I really enjoyed this post! I'm always looking for stuff like this, but I can never find it.
Good list! Would also include Starfighter (http://www.starfightercomic.com), Bridges (http://bridgescomic.net/), and Teahouse (http://teahousecomic.com/comic/).
I found a new comic to read today
Oh and Able Boddy (http://www.abelboddy.com/) along with 12″ Roommate, (http://www.meatcute.blogspot.com/) by the same artist.
Here are so more gay comics that I follow:
Teahouse (The most popular and most stunning comic right on the web worldwide. If you buy the comic books, you'll get the full sex scenes plus there are bonus pages as well. So worth the money):
Starfighter (Love this one!!):
Always Raining
Tripping Over You
The Element of Surprise
Ship Jumper
If you're into erotic stuff, you may like VanDoug's HairyHunx (http://vandoug.wordpress.com) too.
*Sigh* These comics, as well as every other comic I've seen with gay characters; are so stereotypical, and just cheesy… Not to mention the art in them isn't so great. I've been working on stories to many graphic novels, and video games; that have heterosexual characters in them, as well as gay- and I made sure to present the gay characters in ways comics and video games have not yet done so.
I thought that it would be great to actually create a story with the two male heroes in it ending up being lovers. I wanted to do something different, and also wanted to see how even heterosexuals would treat the characters. I'm very pleased with it so far because the reactions of the two heroes have been positive surprisingly.
I decided to do a lot of studying about male/male relationships and how they were viewed in the ancient world, and learned a lot of interesting things, that of course the media never accurately portrays in movies, even when the characters are gay. I made both characters masculine, there is no emulating male/female dynamic- which means they don't use terms like "boyfriend, or husband" and there is no talk of marriage between them. There are scenes in which they are intimate with each other, though there is absolutely no indication of one being the "top" and the other being the "bottom"- warriors in ancient times did not engage in such roles- and just had genital to genital sex, and did not want to emulate male/female by penetrating or being penetrated. I learned that there are a lot of gay men even today who follow the ideal view of male/male relationships as it was seen in ancient times. I thought it was quite interesting, cool, even beautiful so I wanted to show that.
I put a lot of detail in the story- both characters and their personalities, as well as how their relationship starts and develops, given the fact that the two of them aren't even meant to be friends as one of them is part of a class that is used as mindless weapons. Takes place in a post apocalyptic world, which got that way when someone wanting to play god, started messing with and merging science with magical/demonic stuff; its being called "Battle Requiem", and you'll see it around soon available for download and later paper, as well as a game later.
Briar Hollow by Terry Blas. http://www.briarhollowcomic.com Not super-gay like most gay web comics, but more about coming out and accepting who you are… etc…
@paladin27: Did you actually *read* TJ & Amal? Your criticism really makes it seem like you didn't and are just criticizing these comics because they don't conform to the "ideal" comic that you described yourself writing. TJ & Amal are not stereotypes and they don't fall into any kind of male/female dynamic.
I also really like Go Get A Roomie (http://www.gogetaroomie.com/)and Always Raining Here (http://alwaysraininghere.com/).
I actually also have a webcomic called Salmagundi (http://salmagundi.smackjeeves.com/) if anyone wants to check that out. It's also lgbt.
There is no denying, these webcomics are awesome and fantastic. But the fact that they are 'targeted' for a particular audience is also certain. This is the only reason why we cannot promote them openly. I love 'go get a roomie' for that matter.


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The Office of State Fire Marshal has regulatory responsibility to ensure compliance with state fire safety regulations. This is accomplished through inspection activities by deputy state fire marshals in the field and code consultation and plans review services provided by the Engineering Services Section.
Read More
A major goal of the Office of State Fire Marshal is to coordinate statewide fire safety efforts aimed at reducing fire fatalities in South Carolina. This is done in part by providing programs and services to any agency involved in community risk reduction efforts.
LLR is proud to bring E-Government services to the licensees of South Carolina. Our goal is to make your experience easier and more convenient while preserving the privacy of personal information.
Here you'll find key information about our agency, news events, FOIA, and Communications staff to assist you with your daily gathering of news. Visit LLR's Media Center
2015 Civilian Fire Fatalities 2015 Preliminary Fire Fatality Statistics (pdf) 2014 Fire Fatality Statistics (pdf) 2013 Fire Fatality Statistics (pdf)
Programs 1% Reports VIP Blasters Engineering Services Inspection Services FM Training & Certification
Contact Us Learn about the State Fire Marshal's Office Jobs with the S.C. Division of Fire and Life Safety
Robert Polk, State Fire Marshal 141 Monticello Trail, Columbia, SC 29203 (803) 896-9800 | Office Hours: 8:30 a.m.- 5:00 p.m.


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Crimson Trace LG- Laser Grip
Key Features
The world's only grip-integrated laser sight
Ergonomically located laser switch
Quick and easy laser alignment
Fiberglass reinforced nylon substrate
Pliable rubber overmold
Prices, promotions, styles and availability may vary by store and online.
- details
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Step up your firearm's performance and your credibility with the world's only grip-integrated laser sight. Crimson Trace Laser Grips provide instinctive activation with a pressure switch ergonomically located so the laser comes on when taking a normal firing grip. Aligning the laser's point-of-impact is quick and easy with precision adjustment screws. These rugged grips are made of high-strength fiberglass reinforced nylon substrate with a pliable rubber overmold for a dynamic grip and superior flexibility. Designed and molded to fit the firearm frame exactly. Made in the USA.


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$2.99 to $45.69
Pyranha Equine Spray & Wipe is a water-based formula that provides quick knockdown of flying insects, and won't attract dust or grime. Kills and repels... Read More
Freight charges apply
Cannot ship to P.O. Box
For heavy insect problem, reapply every 10-14 days to maintain maximum control.
Citronella scented.
- Brand: Pyranha
- Type: Shampoo,Liquid,Spray
- Ingredients: Piperonyl Butoxide,Pyrethrin,Permethrin
- Size: 4 oz,Gallon,32 oz
- Insect Type: Flies,Mosquitoes,Fleas,Gnats,Lice
Reviews (1)
"Love it!!"
I have used this spray for 4 years now and I recommend it to everyone. I have a gray paint and sprays with an oil base leaves him with a black film. I have also used this spray on horses with allergies to the oil based ones. I board my horse so I can spray him and not worry about flies for at least a week unless it rains. It works very well. Love it!! Only dislike is the price keeps going up and it is a water base, Hum?


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You gotta do what you gotta do — stand up for your Giants! Let everyone know that you're on New York's side with this JV Team Color Scrum tee from '47 Brand. This V-neck shirt features printed team graphics for ultimate display of New York Giants loyalty!
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Ski races around the world are being postponed or cancelled on a daily basis due to the current warm and dry weather conditions, but, the Mammoth Race Department team didn't let marginal snow conditions stop them from hosting the Mammoth Mountain Open Western Region FIS Series Dec. 19-22.
The race workers was able to pull off four days of racing for athletes representing the Far West, Northern, Intermountain, Rocky/Central and Eastern divisions.
With the world as their stomping ground, the Mammoth Mountain Ski and Snowboard teams were in full stride these pst couple of weeks.
Here are the results:
Clifford Mann FIS GS_Mammoth Mountain
The Mammoth Huskies basketball team, fresh off "character builder" losses at last weekend's Whittell (Nev.) Tournament, is putting together the finishing touches before they begin play in the Desert Mountain League on Dec. 27.
If their 73-47 loss to Incline and their 71-38 loss to host school Whittell on Saturday was tough to take, their 56-48 victory against Lee Vining might have ameliorated the sting of the losses.
The bright spot in Nevada belonged to Fox Kailiawa.
The Tannenbaum Classic Nordic Ski Race started off the cross-country ski season Dec. 15 at Tamarack Cross Country Ski Center with a crowd of nearly 80 racers, ranging from youngsters who were on cross country skis for the first time to college athletes and a two-time Olympian.
Adults raced a 10km race, high school athletes a 5km, and juniors raced in either a 2km or 1km race. A large contingent of junior alpine racers came to test their skills in "uphill" skiing.
The season for Mammoth's girls volleyball team is over.
Playing on the road at Pomona Tuesday evening, Nov. 19, the Huskies fell in straight sets to Pomona Catholic in the CIF playoffs, 25-16, 25-21, 25-8.
The girls thus come home after a thrilling season, during which they went 22-10-3 overall and were co-champions of the Desert Mountain League. Along the way, they won three playoff matches, two of them at home.
More details of their season will be published in the Nov. 21 issue of the Mammoth Times.
Facing two match points and with their season on the line, Mammoth's girls volleyball team rallied late to win, 3-games-to-2, in a heartstopping quarterfinal playoff match against the Santa Clarita Christian Cardinals Saturday evening at Mammoth High School.
With the 25-23, 25-20, 21-25, 20-25, 17-15 victory, the Huskies advance to the semifinals of CIF southern section division 5AA against Pomona Catholic on Tuesday in Pomona.
Having won the first two sets, Mammoth dropped the next two, and fell behind 9-13—just two points away from a Sanata Clarita Chatholic come-from-behind win.
The Mammoth Huskies Girls volleyball team notched another dominating win Thursday night, Nov. 14, at Mammoth High School against AGBU-Canoga Park in the second round of the CIF-Southern Section Division 5AA playoffs.
The Huskies won in straight sets, 25-22, 25-16, 25-17.
The Titans played well in the first set but but the Huskies really started to roll in the second and third sets.
Next up for the Husky girls is another home match on Saturday, against the winner of the match between Coastal Christian and Santa Clarita Christian.
The Mammoth High School Girls' Volleyball teams continued their winning ways this past week with home wins over Boron, Vasquez, and Lone Pine, improving their league records to 7-1 in the Desert Mountain League.
On Oct. 10, the JV Huskies defeated the Boron Ladycats 25-21, 25-20. They followed up that victory with a close match against the Mustangs of Vasquez, losing the first game 20-25, but rebounding to take the next two games 25-20 and 15-11.
On the list of endurance sports, volleyball traditionally doesn't get much of a mention.
To hear coach John Morris tell it, the Mammoth Huskies volleyball team is fired up and ready to go.
Following a third-place finish last weekend's Cal City Tournament, the Huskies begin High Desert League play on Friday, Sept. 27 against Desert at 4 p.m. and Desert Christian on Saturday at noon.
Both matches will be in the MHS gym.
The team, Morris said, is on a nice roll, following its fourth-place at the Mammoth Invitational on Sept. 13-14 with a third-place finish at Cal City on Sept. 20-21.
The Mammoth Huskies learned a thing or two about the art of a quick turnaround Friday night against the Desert Scorpions at Edwards Air Force Base.
Cruising along comfortably after two quarters and with a possible road victory within sight, the Huskies came out of the locker room at halftime and were stung so quickly it was hard for them to know what bit them.
The final was 55-27, but in the third quarter, Desert overwhelmed Mammoth repeatedly, putting up 30 points in less than 12 minutes and putting the game out of reach.
Home court advantage, elusive at any level in any sport, was missing for the Mammoth Huskies volleyball team last weekend.
Playing in its own tournament on Friday, Sept. 13 and Saturday, Sept. 14, the Huskies fell to fourth place in the Mammoth Invitational Volleyball Tournament at Mammoth High School.
"We were very pleased with the overall level of play at this year's tournament," said Mammoth head coach John Morris. "This is probably the strongest group of teams we have ever had."
A funny thing happened to the Mammoth Huskies on their way to a loss to Bishop.
The Mammoth Huskies, off to a 1-0 start in the 2013 football season, ran through their drills this past week as if Friday night's game were just another bump on the schedule.
It isn't.
In spite of a season-opening loss to Whittier Christian, the Bishop Broncos and Head Coach Bill Egan pay a visit to Gault-McClure Stadium for their 7 p.m. varsity game, and if history is a guide, that means trouble.
To Graeme Pitts, everything felt as if it were in place for a big day in Mammoth.
Just in from pro mountain bike racing in Canada and on his way to Norway for the UCI World Cup championships, Pitts bounced out of his car, straightened his 6-foot, 2-inch body into a semi-salute, stuck out his chest and took a deep, happy breath.
"I've always heard about Mammoth and the Kamikaze," he said. "I wasn't going to miss this."


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Fine and Applied Arts
Fine and Applied Arts
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Event Detail Information
Event Detail Information
Date Feb 21, 2013
Time 7:30 pm
Krannert Center, Studio Theatre
Krannert Center for the Performing Arts
Krannert Center Ticket Office
E-Mail firstname.lastname@example.com
Phone 217/333-6280 or 800/KCPATIX
Event type Music
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Originating Calendar Krannert Center
Boom! celebrates the childhood soundtrack of these Tony-nominated, Broadway-beloved sisters with unforgettable songs from the 1960s and 1970s. The sisters showcase their lives as they blend pop hits with humorous and heartwarming stories of growing up in Chicago and New York.


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Dodgers, Cards square off amid tight division races
Haren, Lynn get call in first of three-game set in St. Louis
When the Cardinals and Dodgers last met at Busch Stadium, it was late October as the two teams squared off in the National League Championship Series aiming for a berth in the World Series.
The two teams will embark on the season's second half back in the shadows of the Arch on Friday, and while the stakes are lower than they were last fall, the importance of the series is not lacking. Both the Cardinals and Dodgers find themselves in heated divisional races as the second half begins.
"You look where we are in comparison to a lot of other teams in the game right now, and as much as it may not feel like that, we're in a spot where we just need to keep playing good baseball," Cards manager Mike Matheny said.
While the Cardinals will begin the second half where they spent much of the first -- in second in the National League Central -- it comes with a different feeling. The Cards gained 6 1/2 games in the first 12 days of July to move into a first-place tie with the Brewers before suffering an 11-2 loss on Sunday before the break to fall back to second.
The Dodgers, meanwhile, have surged into first in the NL West behind a hot streak of their own. Sitting 8 1/2 games back in the West on June 12, the Dodgers used a 19-10 stretch to head into the break with a one-game lead on San Francisco.
"I feel pretty good," Dodgers manager Don Mattingly said. "Obviously, at this point, we've been able to get ourselves back to where we want to be after having a fairly rough start and getting ourselves 9 1/2 back at one point. To get back into it, settle in, our pitching -- our bullpen more than anything -- has settled in because our starters are able to go longer."
Los Angeles closed June by winning three of four in L.A. against the Cardinals, who combined to score just four runs in the series.
The Cardinals will send Lance Lynn to the mound opposite the Dodgers' Dan Haren on Friday.
Dodgers: Puig's first half joins good Dodgers company
All-Star outfielder Yasiel Puig will emerge from the season's first half among good company in Dodgers' history.
The 23-year-old, second-year pro became one of six players in Dodgers history to record 100-plus hits, 40-plus extra-base hits and 50-plus RBIs before the All-Star break with 106 hits, 44 extra-base hits and 52 RBIs.
Other players in Dodgers history to accomplish the feat include Duke Snider (1954), Willie Davis (1973), Steve Garvey (1977), Gary Sheffield (2000) and Matt Kemp (2011).
Cardinals: Team could opt for four-man rotation out of break
Cardinals manager Mike Matheny wasn't ready Sunday to commit to his second-half rotation.
With two off-days mixed into their first five games out of the break, the Cardinals could opt for a four-man rotation to give one of their starters extra rest.
"Potentially," Matheny said of the idea in the week leading up to the break. "We definitely take that under consideration because the schedule after the break is pretty favorable for doing such a thing."
Worth noting
• Cardinals second baseman Kolten Wong has homered in five of eight games since returning from the 15-day disabled list on July 6, hitting .321 (9-for-28).
• Haren is 3-1 in his career in six starts against the Cardinals with a 3.86 ERA. He last faced the Cards in April 2013 with the Nationals.
Alex Halsted is an associate reporter for MLB.com. This story was not subject to the approval of Major League Baseball or its clubs.


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Statistics on flows of international migrants (over the course of a specified period, usually a calendar year):
Number of incoming international migrants by sex, age, country of citizenship and previous country of usual residence. These data can be disaggregated by reason for admission for foreigners or non-citizens, and by purpose of staying abroad for returning migrants.
Number of departing international migrants by sex, age, country of citizenship, future country of usual residence and purpose of migration.
Statistics on stocks of international migrants may be derived by countries based on country of birth or citizenship. Here are some examples of statistics related to lifetime migrant stocks and recent migrant stocks.
Statistics on lifetime migrant stocks:
Population by sex, age, and country of birth.
Population by sex, age and country of citizenship.
Population by sex, age, citizenship status (citizen, foreigner/non-citizen, unknown citizenship) and country of birth.
Number of citizens currently living abroad by sex, age, country of destination and year or period of departure.
Statistics on recent migrant stocks:
Foreign-born population in the country for less than five years by sex, age, and country of birth.
Foreign-born population in the country for less than five years by sex, age, and previous country of usual residence.
Additional statistics and information necessary to understand the consequences of international migration on families of origin and women's empowerment:
Number of international migrants sending remittances to their countries of origin by sex of migrant. Additional breakdowns that should be considered are age, duration of staying abroad, marital status of the migrant, and the family relationship of the recipient with the migrant - family member (spouse or children), parent, siblings or others.
Share of women among international migrants of working age
Emigration rates for tertiary-educated persons by sex
Gender gap in employment-to-population ratio for immigrants and non-immigrants
Proportion employed migrants in professional occupations by sex
Proportion of income sent by migrants to their countries of origin by sex of the migrant
Population censuses collect data on international migrant stock residing in the country at the time of census. The characteristics used to identify international migrants in the population censuses include place of usual residence, place and country of birth, place of previous residence, and citizenship. Duration of residence, place of residence at a specified date in the past (such as five years prior to census), or year or period of arrival can be used to identify recent migrants. Some population censuses collect data related to emigrant stocks, by inquiring about household members living abroad, or country of residence of children or of siblings.
Household surveys specialized on international migration carried out in the country of origin or country of destination can provide in-depth information necessary to understand causes and consequences of international migration. Household surveys on international migration in the country of origin focus on collecting (a) socio-economic characteristics for comparison of emigrants and their households with non-emigrants and their households; (b) basic characteristics of emigrants' departure; and (c) basic information about remittances sent by the emigrant. In countries with high emigration rates and high return migration rates, more specialized surveys may be conducted to assess the impact of return migration on migrants, their families and their communities. In the country of destination, household surveys focus on immigrant population. These surveys can collect data on international migration history of individuals, their integration in the host country and more detailed information on remittances sent in the country of origin. It should be noted that household surveys are the only source on sex-disaggregated data on remittances. Specialized surveys on remittances may be conducted in some countries of destination. Some studies may use a two-country approach in collecting or analysing data on migration, which requires one survey in the country of destination and one survey in the country of origin. Questions on migration may be included in regular household surveys with large samples, such as labour force surveys, although the number of migration-specific questions that can be added are limited, restricting what can be learned about causes and consequences of migration. The most basic questions on international immigration refer to country of birth, country of residence at a specified time in the past and date of arrival in the host country. Other household surveys such as living standard surveys may also collect data on international immigration or emigration.
Population registers and other administrative registers such as registers of foreigners and registers of asylum seekers, if continuous and complete, are a valuable source of data on international migrant stock and inflows and outflows of international migrants. However, some immigrants may not be recorded in the population registers because they do not have legal permits (illegal immigrants, for example).
Administrative records related to visas granted; work permits; residence permits; and records from regularization programmes provide data that can be used to estimate the flow of certain types of migrants in and out of a country.
Border, admission or passenger records at the entry into or departure from a country are another source of international migration flows for all persons formally entering or leaving a country. Surveys at the border or ports of entry, including passenger surveys, are also used by some countries to collect more in-depth information about persons entering or leaving the country.
In general, data on international migration are lacking in terms of availability and quality. In addition, although data are increasingly made available disaggregated by sex and age, other information necessary to understand gender-specific causes and consequences of international migration are not easily available. For example, data are often not collected, disaggregated and disseminated by reason for international migration, such as labour, asylum seekers, family reunion, or education, which may be different for women than for men. Additional characteristics of the migrants such as education, status in employment or occupation, that may also be different for women than for men, are not readily available either. Finally, information on how women and men migrants are contributing to changes in the families and communities of origin, and how women migrants are affected themselves in terms of empowerment and family life are rather the result of a few case studies than of regularly produced official statistics.
Data on lifetime migration and migrant stock as opposed to recent migration tend to overestimate the share of women among migrants, because of the ageing effect. The share of women in a given age-cohort of migrants will increase over time simply because women tend to have lower mortality rates than men. Therefore, data on lifetime migration should be disaggregated by age or, alternatively, data on recent migration should be used. Focusing on lifetime migration may also provide an incomplete picture of gender differences in migration, when short-term migration, temporary migration, or circular migration tends to be associated with one of the two sexes.
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Does it come with a stopper lift rod?
We couldn't be happier with this purchase. Looks amazing and is very solid. Not plastic. No drips.
The VIGO Apollo is a simple, chrome finished, L-shaped faucet with a single lever.
- Details
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- Reviews
The VIGO Apollo is a simple, chrome finished, L-shaped faucet with a single lever.- Solid brass construction ensures durability and longer life
- VIGO finishes resist corrosion and tarnishing, exceeding industry durability standards
- Mineral-resistant nozzle is easy-to-clean
- High-quality ceramic disc cartridge ensures maintenance free use
- Features easy single-hole installation
- Water pressure tested for industry standard
- 2.2 GPM flow rate
- All mounting hardware and hot/cold waterlines included
- Standard US plumbing 3/8-inch connections
- Pop-up not included
- Overall height: 7.25 inches
- Standard 1 3/8-inch diameter opening is required
- This VIGO faucet is cUPC and NSF-61 certified by IAPMO
- ADA Compliant
- Model number: VG01036
Features | |
Material | Brass Solid Brass |
Finish | Brass Chrome Polished Chrome |
Faucet Style | Single Hole |
Height | 7-8 Inches |
Faucet Set | Bathroom Sets |
Number of Faucet Installation Hole | Single hole |
Configuration | Single Hole |
Finish Style | Chrome |
Handle Style | Lever Standard |
Product Features | ADA Compliant Includes Hardware |
Dimensions | See description |
Warranty | Limited Lifetime |
Materials | solid brass |
Model Number | VG01036CH |
Product Reviews
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Get it fast before they run out--simple, stylish We couldn't be happier with this purchase. Looks amazing and is very solid. Not plastic. No drips.
Read Morest1968new Apr 17, 2015 - Helpful 0
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Vigo Faucet Great bathroom faucet. I've have nothing to complain about with this nice faucet.
Read Morecynthian22 Feb 16, 2012 - Helpful 0
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nice Good little faucet. I installed it myself, never really done that before but I figured if I messed up I would end up having to pay a plumber anyway. The directions were clear. The faucet works well.
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Questions & Answers
Hello miayd, this model does not come with a stopper lift rod. Thank you for shopping with us! Amanda
does this come with a deck plate to cover the two unused holes?
Hello bkw4, thank you for your inquiry! Unfortunately, this item does not come with a deck plate. We apologize about the inconvenience. Thank you for shopping with us.
Shopping Guides
Bathroom Faucet Buying Guide
Most of the plumbing fixtures in your home concentrate in the bathroom: sink faucets, bathroom tub faucets and shower fixtures. When it comes time to install new bathroom faucets during a home improvement project, there are many options and choices available. This bathroom faucet buying guide will help you choose the right bathroom faucets and fixtures to maximize functionality and style in your bath.
How to Install Vessel Sinks
Style and luxury can be added to any bathroom by installing a vessel sink. Two installations are popular: You can either rest the bathroom sink directly on the countertop or cut a hole in the countertop and lower the vessel down so that the sink bowl is partially recessed. Once you've installed the countertop and sink faucet, you'll be ready to install the vessel sink itself.
Tips on Choosing a Bathroom Faucet
Whether it's for a full home improvement project or if you're just replacing an old faucet, looking for a new bathroom faucet can be fun. Faucets are one of the most used fixtures in a home, and a gleaming new faucet is like the sparkling jewelry for your bathroom. Whether you're shopping for a bathroom faucet for your sink or a faucet for your shower and bath, take a look below to learn some tips on choosing a bathroom faucet.
How to Install a New Bathroom Faucet
A new bathroom faucet can make all the difference in a powder room, half-bath or full bathroom. Bathroom faucets are an excellent do-it-yourself project that take some basic hand tools, a bit of patience and the ability to work under a sink. Learning how to install a new bathroom faucet is a simple and rewarding process, so let's get to work.
How to Clean Bathroom Faucets
Bathroom faucets, especially in high-traffic bathrooms, can go from clean to dirty in hours. On top of getting so much use, calcium deposits in hard water can collect on your bath fixtures, creating a dull, filmy exterior. Make your bathroom faucets shine by getting them as clean as possible every time you wipe down the countertops or do a deep clean in your bathroom.
Understanding Bathroom Faucet Valves
All plumbing fixtures use valves. Valves, or mechanisms that take the place of valves, maintain a water-tight seal inside your bathroom faucet and regulate the flow and temperature of water. Knowing how bathroom faucet valves function will help you make a better purchase and understand how to make basic faucet repairs. Here are four valve types you're likely to see in modern bathroom faucets.
Unique Faucet Designs
Sometimes it seems like faucets don't vary much. Ninety-five percent of the kitchen and bath faucets you see are basic sink-mounted, single-spout designs with one lever or two knobs. These vary in terms of finish and embellishment, but, essentially, these designs are all variations on a single theme. These kinds of faucets make great complements to a wide range of kitchen and bath decor. However, sometimes, you may want a faucet that's unique, that departs from the norm and becomes a centerpiece for or makes a specific statement about your kitchen or bath. Maybe you want a faucet that performs a specific function that the usual faucets do not. If you're looking for that kind of faucet, keep reading. We've compiled a list of four unique faucet designs, one of which may be just what you're looking for.
Faucet Buying Guide
When you're replacing kitchen faucets or bathroom faucets that have broken or you're just working on a new look for your kitchen or bath, it can help to know a bit more about plumbing fixtures. Before checking out our wide selection of faucets for sinks and tubs, look over this faucet buying guide for some tips on selecting the perfect fixture for your plans.
How to Install Vessel Sink Faucets
An elegant vessel sink can add a touch of modern flair to any bathroom. The requirements for installing vessel sinks and their compatible vessel sink faucets can vary a bit from regular bathroom faucets, however. Here are some simple instructions to help you get your vessel sink faucet installed properly and change the look of your bathroom.
Top 5 Types of Shower Faucets
Your bathing experience depends largely on the type of bathroom faucets you're using. Different types of shower faucets fit different types of preferences. If high water-pressure is important to you, you might prefer adjustable showerheads that let you select the perfect pressure. There are multiple shower faucets that add luxury and function to your bathroom, as well. Here are five faucets you can consider when planning a bathroom remodel.
5 Styles of Delta Faucets
Every room has its own style and personality. In the kitchen and bath, a lot of that personality comes from design details, such as the faucets. Delta faucets feature materials and finishes that will punctuate the style of your kitchen or bath, whether classic or modern. Here are five popular styles of Delta faucets, so you can start adding personality to your kitchen or bathroom.
How to Remove Shower Faucets
If your old shower needs a lift, an easy way to brighten things up is to replace the shower faucet and hardware. Whether your shower faucets leak or you just want to update your bathroom with a new design, the first step is to remove that old shower faucet. Removing old tub and shower faucets is simple, and you'll only need a few tools and some simple steps to switch out that old shower faucet and have your bath looking like new.
How to Install a Clawfoot Tub Faucet
Once you've put your new clawfoot tub in place and the plumbing is ready to go, you'll need to install the right bathroom faucet for your clawfoot tub. Your bathtub faucet will likely come with the necessary hardware and directions for the various mounting options. Every clawfoot bathtub faucet is going to mount a little differently, depending on the faucet's style, the mounting location and manufacturer, but the general process is the same for every clawfoot bathtub faucet installation.
How to Install a Soap Dispenser
Bathroom and kitchen decor really starts to come together when a single theme unites the room style. Matching bath hardware is especially good at accenting a room. If your towel bars, faucets and soap dispensers all match, everything will look more polished and permanent. To help this theme, you can install a built-in countertop soap dispenser next to your bath or kitchen sink. Here are step-by-step instructions on how to do it.
5 Things to Look for in Kitchen Faucets
When it comes to plumbing fixtures, few see more use than bathroom and kitchen faucets. Because they're so heavily used, durability is a primary feature to consider when selecting a sink faucet. There are plenty of functional faucet features to choose from. You'll also want to consider the style of your kitchen, including the sink and surrounding area. Here are a few features you may want to keep in mind as you look for a kitchen faucet that fits.
How to Clean Bath Fixtures
Bath fixtures get dingy easily from soap scum and hard water deposits. Most bathroom faucets are made of brass, chrome or stainless steel. Soap scum and minerals collect and build on metal, greatly reducing faucets' shine. This can make a whole bathroom look dirty even if it isn't. Cleaning bathroom faucets takes some time; however, if you do it frequently enough, you'll find that scum and debris have little time to build up. Below, you'll learn how to clean bath fixtures.
Tips on Maintaining Your Bronze Bathroom Fixtures
The rich look of oil-rubbed bronze bathroom faucets is an upscale addition to any bathroom style. The copper-red color has a rustic feel, giving the bathroom a warm, inviting feel. Bronze bathroom fixtures are more corrosion resistant than their iron, brass and cast-iron counterparts, but they still require some upkeep. Keeping bronze bathroom fixtures looking shiny and new requires several maintenance and care steps, as moisture and harsh cleaning solutions can easily damage bronze bathroom hardware. Here are a few tips on maintaining your bronze bathroom faucets and other bath fixtures.
How to Buy the Right Drain for Your Bathroom Sink
A new bathroom sink can completely transform and update your bathroom. Whether you choose a dramatic red vessel sink or a simple antique pedestal sink, a new bathroom sink will make a big difference in the look of your bathroom. Smaller items like the best bathroom sink drain and faucet will also make a statement. Many bathroom sinks will include parts for the sink drain, but some vessel sinks will require you to select your own drain. If you choose to purchase a bathroom sink that requires a separate drain purchase, then consider these tips to help you find the right sink drain for your bathroom.
5 Styles of Danze Fixtures
Elegance and style are almost too easy to come by if you find the right faucets and fixtures. A good way to really bring a room together is to start with the bath fixtures and build a theme from there. Danze home improvement products can give you plenty of inspiration for your next bath or kitchen remodel. Here are five inspired styles that Danze has created for kitchen and bathroom faucets, shower heads and bath hardware that will start your creative ideas flowing.
How to Clean Sumerain Faucets
After installing an elegant, innovative Sumerain faucet in your home, you'll want to ensure it stays beautiful and functional for many years. A big part of taking care of kitchen and bathroom fixtures is cleaning them properly. Sumerain fixtures are made of chrome, brass, ceramic, and stainless steel, and they often have a chrome-plated finish, all materials that need special care. To best maintain your Sumerain faucets, we recommend these cleaning methods.
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Light as a feather and soft as silk, the Rab Women's Aeon Tee is designed to wick moisture and dry quickly. Great when worn alone on a run or hike, the Women's Aeon Tee can easily double as a base layer for cool weather sports.
The Rab Women's Orbit Hoodie, made from Polartec micro fleece, offers comfortable warmth and a casual fit. It is a breathable mid-layer with athletic functionality for winter skiing, climbing and backpacking and style for everyday wear.
Looking for a 3-season "do-everything" pant that's durable and offers sun protection? The Rab Women's Helix Pants are so lightweight, stretchy and comfortable you're going to want to wear them on every backcountry excursion you take.
When Rab Carrington started a small company in 1981, he was relying on his extensive experience gained on bold, lightweight first ascents to design and manufacture down clothing and sleeping bags of the highest quality. This equipment had to meet the needs of a new breed of lightweight alpinist using techniques pioneered by Rab himself. This equipment had to be designed 'for the most extreme conditions in the world'.
To this day that ethos lives on. The range of product offered may have expanded dramatically but the core values of quality and performance live on. The Rab range now encompasses all layers from the skin out and makes best use of our close relationship with all our fabric and component suppliers to produce lighter, more breathable, durable and comfortable clothing allowing mountaineers to push their limits in the most hostile of environments.
Backcountry Edge is proud to be an authorized Rab dealer.
Click here to visit the official Rab website. (Note: you will be leaving Backcountry Edge.)
Women's jackets for hiking and backpacking in rain, snow or cold weather
Women's camping shirts and t-shirts
Women's hiking pants and convertible pants for hiking and backpacking
Women's thermal and wicking base layer pants and shirts


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Revision as of 05:16, March 24, 2013 by FredWiltersen (Talk | contribs)
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Egypt | |
Location information | |
Location |
Northeastern Africa |
Permanent residents |
- "We tried to shut Percy in a pyramid. But Mum spotted us."
- —George Weasley[src]
Egypt is an African country in north-east Africa, and is the earliest place where magic has been recorded. In its society, wizards and witches were held in high esteem. Egyptian wizards also had a tendency to place curses on tombs, which Gringotts Curse Breakers try to break. The capital of Egypt is Cairo. The Nile River runs through here.
Known residents
Bill Weasley worked in Egypt as a Curse Breaker before taking a desk job in England. The Weasley family visited him there and also toured some of the Egyptian tombs. One of the pyramids that the family toured was full of skeletons of Muggles who had broken in and had "grown extra heads and stuff."
Hassan Mostafa is from Egypt.
Phoenixes and Sphinxes are native to Egypt.
Behind the scenes
- In LEGO Harry Potter: Years 5-7 during the Fiendfyre Frenzy scene a picture of a wizard in Egypt can be seen. He asks the player to cool him down.
- Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (Mentioned only)
- Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
- Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (film) (Mentioned only) (Picture only)
- Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (video game) (Mentioned only)
- Wonderbook: Book of Spells (Mentioned only) (Picture only)
- LEGO Harry Potter: Years 5-7 (Picture only)
- Pottermore (Mentioned only)


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Skip to main content
Learn the ins and outs of utilizing social media, soliciting sponsorship, marketing and hear many more pieces of advice for your fundraising event! First-time organizers, veteran planners and everyone in between are encouraged to watch!
If the below recording does not begin automatically, click the arrow. Click Fullscreen button in interface below to watch recording in your full screen. To view the controls, move your mouse anywhere over the video then move to the control interface at the bottom of the video. Please note, you will not need an access code; those directions, if mentioned, are for live event participants.
PHA Presenters:
Jessica McKearinAssociate Director of Special Events
Jenna RoeSpecial Events Program Associate
Guest Panelists:
Amy MoseleySpur a Cure for PHPhoenix, Ariz.
Missy GodinaWalk 2 Cure PH: The Ellie Godina Memorial WalkEuclid, Ohio
Joanne SchmidtThe 7th Annual New York Fun Walk Long Island, N.Y.


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Everyone's favorite modern-day treasure hunters continue on their quest for the extraordinary in an action packed all-new season of dramatic bidding, intense rivalries and high-stakes entertainment.
"Storage Wars," which follows teams of bidders looking to score it big in the high stakes world of storage auctions, ranks as A&E's number one series of all time and the number three non-fiction show on cable among adults 25-54. The series' second season averaged 4.7 million total viewers and in November 2011 hit an all-time high of 5.6 million viewers making it the series' most watched episode and the network's #1 original series telecast of all time.
The bidders are back in business in California in all-new episodes. Barry Weiss pays a visit to dear old mom, Dave "The Minister of Mayhem" Hester continues to make people pay, Jarrod and Brandi buy their most expensive locker ever, and Darrell "The Gambler" doubles down on what might be the biggest "Storage Wars" hit of all time!
"Storage Wars" is produced by Original Productions, a FremantleMedia Company, for A&E Network. Executive producers are Thom Beers, Philip D. Segal and Jeff Conroy. Dolph Scott is co-executive producer and Jeff Bumgarner is a series producer. A&E executive producers are David McKillop, Elaine Frontain Bryant and Fred Grinstein.
A&E Email Updates
Get the latest news from A&E and A+E Networks! You'll be the first to know about new series premieres, special events, sweepstakes and more. You may withdraw your consent at any time.
Storage Wars features modern-day treasure hunters and bidders in the high stakes drama of storage auctions. Rivalries run deep and family drama high as the business of buying has reached critical mass. Shop Storage Wars DVDs, t-shirts, and fan gear at the A&E store for all your favorite Storage Wars merchandise.
Premiere Date: November 8, 2013
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The buyers are ready to bid at a high-end facility in Bushwick. It's the end of the month and Mike B needs to stock up on merchandise. Big Steve hopes to climb into a new barber's chair and find any other man-cave type items, while Joe P looks to find his funk and some eclectic 60's and 70's style stuff. Chris and Tad look for raw materials needed to update new merchandise at their store.


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Good Music for Your Projects
Hi! I'm Wellman!
A music composer with a lot of experience playing live and producing music for tv, radio, live shows, advertising, churchs and more!
If you dont find what you are looking for in my portfolio, dont panic!, I work freelance too, just contact me and for sure we will figure it out something that fulfill your needs and expectations.
Videohive Autors! Please feel free to use my music for your video's previews! Just let me know about it and I will help you to spread the word!
A big Hug!!!!


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The Library of Congress offers free programs for the public to share basic preservation information and practical advice for caring for personal collections, and to raise awareness of preservation issues for both family heirlooms and for our public, national collections. Most occur during National Preservation Week (annually at the end of April) and during the Library's National Book Festival (annually at the end of summer) and are varied to cover different types of materials, such as books, paper, photographs, and digital files.
Upcoming Programs
Every year during the last week in April, libraries all across the U.S. celebrate National Preservation Week, an initiative of the American Library Association, to highlight what we can do, individually and together, to preserve our personal and shared collections.
Past Programs
National Preservation Week 2014. The Library celebrates National Preservation Week with presentations on conservation treatment, analyzing large data/datasets, and preservation supply options for properly storing collections.
National Preservation Week 2013. Special focus in 2013 on our military families and the challenges for preserving correspondence, photographs, and scrapbooks -- both in traditional and digital form.
National Preservation Week 2012. Programs on preserving books, documents, and other paper-based family treasures, preserving digital files, and a screening of a special Library of Congress photofilm.
Occasionally, preservation staff from the Library participate in local K-12 programs, such as career day, National Reading Month, and other school, library, reading, and science initiatives.


text: The Ultimate EOSThe new flagship of the EOS Rebel line, Canon EOS Rebel T2i brings professional EOS features into an easy to use, lightweight digital SLR that's a joy to use. Featuring a class-leading 18.0 Megapixel CMOS Image Sensor and increased light sensitivity for low light photography, the EOS Rebel T2i also has an advanced HD Movie mode for gorgeous Full HD movies. Able to capture up to 3.7 frames per second, it's ready to go the minute it's picked up. Advanced Live View, a new wide-area screen, plus features like Canon's brilliant Auto Lighting Optimizer and Highlight Tone features ensure brilliant photos and movies, easily. With some of the most advanced features of any digital SLR, it's simply the best Rebel Canon has ever created. |


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I am a board-certified radiation oncologist with a strong interest in intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). I treat all sites of cancer including prostate, breast, lung, head and neck, brain, gastrointestinal, gynecologic cancers, and sarcomas.
I also have a research interest in improving the accuracy of cancer treatment through the use of telemedicine. I am currently involved in the development of a telemedicine system at Memorial Sloan Kettering that will allow for discussion of complex clinical scenarios with other physicians, physicists, and medical faculty.
Prostate Cancer; Sarcoma; Breast Cancer; Head and Neck Cancer; Lung Cancer
MD, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; MPH, The Johns Hopkins School of Public Health
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Yale University School of Medicine
Radiation Oncology


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This popular conference covers latest trends and challenges in lyophilization, spray drying, foam drying and emerging drying technologies. The Lyophilization and Emerging Drying Technologies conference features in-depth case studies and discussion on developing scientifically sound formulation, process optimization for biologics and vaccines. It also presents cutting-edge research and case studies on freeze/thaw and formulation challenges, drying in cartridges, storage stability and strategies for scale-up from R&D scale to full production level, tech transfer and selection of container/closure systems.
We invite you to join colleagues in this discussion of the key challenges and solutions in lyophilization and other drying technologies, and see how experts like you are developing a scientifically sound formulation to deliver a safe and stable biologic drug product.
Exclusive Interview with Speaker: The Role of Physical Chemistry in Freeze Drying- From Product Characteristics to Process PerformanceTimothy R. McCoy, MSc, Principal Scientist, Technical Development, Genzyme Ireland
Keynote Speaker Interview: Neglected Factors in Stabilization of Proteins by Freeze DryingMichael Pikal, Ph.D., Distinguished Endowed Chair in Pharmaceutical Technology & Professor of Pharmaceutics, University of Connecticut
Day 1 | Day 2 | Download Brochure | Speaker Biographies
Final Agenda
1:30 pm Conference Registration
2:00 BuzZ Session A
3:00 Refreshment Break in the Exhibit Hall with Poster Awards
3:45 BuzZ Session B(More Details >>)
4:30-5:00 Short Course Registration
5:00-8:00 Dinner Short Courses More Details >>
7:30 am Conference Registration and Morning Coffee
Lyophilized Formulation Development and Protein Stability
8:15 Chairperson's Opening Remarks
Gerhard Winter, Ph.D., Professor, Chair, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, LMU Munchen
Keynote Presentation
8:20 Neglected Factors in Stabilization of Proteins by Freeze Drying
Michael Pikal, Ph.D., Distinguished Endowed Chair in Pharmaceutical Technology & Professor of Pharmaceutics, University of Connecticut
Stability trends have traditionally been interpreted in terms of either native structure retention during the process or minimizing molecular mobility. While recent evidence does suggest that storage stability often correlates well with measures of "fast dynamics", such as the amplitude of motion on a nanosecond time scale, correlations are not perfect. Here, we discuss two other factors that are often ignored, surface effects and coupling of the protein internal dynamics with dynamics of the matrix.
9:00 Lyophilization Process Design and Development using Quality by Design (QbD) Principles
Sajal M. Patel, Ph.D., Scientist, Formulation Sciences, Biopharmaceutical Development, MedImmune, Inc.
Lyophilization is a unit operation that is routinely used to stabilize an otherwise unstable molecule to achieve pharmaceutically acceptable shelf life. The lyophilization process is based on fundamental principles of heat and mass transfer, and the overall understanding of the impact of process parameters on product quality attributes has increased significantly over the past few decades. QbD aims at building quality within the process rather than monitoring offline at the end of the process. This presentation will describe application of QbD elements—risk assessment, process characterization, PAT (Process Analytical Tool) and Design Space—to design, develop and scale-up of the lyophilization process.
9:30 Minimize Protein Degradation during Lyophilization by Process and Formulation Design
Charlie (Xiaolin) Tang, Ph.D., Associate Director, Formulation Development, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
A model protein was lyophilized. Protein degradation (aggregates formation) was observed after lyophilization. A method was developed to understand the stress to protein during different stages of lyophilization process including stages of freezing, annealing, primary drying and secondary drying. The specific lyophilization stages were identified to have the most stresses to cause protein degradation. By optimization of the freeze drying cycle and protein formulation, the protein degradation was minimized.
10:00 Coffee Break in the Exhibit Hall with Poster Viewing
Advances in Lyophilization Technology
10:50 In Silico Analysis Design of Freeze-Drying Systems and Processes
Alina A. Alexeenko, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Purdue University
This talk reviews recent advances in application of in silico methods for understanding and improving lyophilization. Computational simulations have been applied to vial- and batch-level heat and mass transfer as well as modeling of various elements of lyophilizers such as shelf uniformity, product chamber flows and condenser performance. The integration of such models into a system framework provides a new process analytical tool for more efficient and robust freeze-drying of bio-pharmaceuticals.
11:20 A Critical Eye on Controlled Nucleation in Freeze Drying of Protein Drugs
Controlled nucleation (CN) has gained attention as a process step promising reduced drying time and improved batch homogeneity. Many vendors offer systems that can be attached to existing freeze dryers. The question remains how much positive effect on the product (protein) quality can really be achieved by CN, whether it is valuable for highly concentrated protein formulations and how its implementation from formulations research into production should be managed.
11:50 Application of Controlled Ice Nucleation for Lyophilization of a Low Glass Transition Temperature Solution
Graham Magill, Engineer I, Pharmaceutical Processing and Technology Development, Genentech, Inc. – A Member of the Roche Group
Here we will discuss the application of Praxair ControLyo controlled ice nucleation technology to optimize the lyophilization of a low glass transition temperature (Tg'), high fill volume product. The impact of processing parameters such as ice nucleation temperature and post-nucleation cooling ramp rate on cake microstructure will be discussed.
12:20 Enjoy Lunch on Your Own
Lyo Process Development: QbD, Scale-Up and Design Space
2:00 Chairperson's Remarks
Ian Whitehall, Vice President, Sales & Service, SP Scientific
2:05 Measurement of Vial Heat Transfer Coefficients: Nuances and Pitfalls
Robin Bogner, Ph.D., Associate Professor, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut
The design of a lyophilization cycle, its scale-up, and several PAT tools require input of a "vial heat transfer coefficient", Kv. The classic equations for measurement of Kv (described in 1984) are applicable to a well-defined experimental protocol. Modification of the Kv measurement protocol requires revised equations to accurately calculate Kv. The use of accurate vs. inaccurate Kv in lyophilization design space and PAT will be compared.
2:35 Primary Drying Optimization Using a Three-Dimensional Design Space
Lindsay A. Wegiel, Ph.D., Research Associate III, Pharmaceutical R&D Baxter Healthcare Corporation
Arnab Ganguly, Ph.D., Research Assistant, School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Purdue University
The current approach to primary drying optimization using a design space is two dimensional whereby the processing conditions are set throughout the primary drying cycle. However, the product is changing throughout primary drying with regards to the product resistance (Rp). This is a key component of the design space calculations and thus adding the third dimension of time to allow for the changes in Rp will allow for further optimization and shorter lyophilization cycle times.
3:05 Laboratory Measurement of Collapse Temperature Predictive of Collapse in Manufacturing Operations
Vamsi Mudhivarthi, Ph.D., Postdoctoral Fellow, Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut
Traditionally, freeze drying microscopy has been used to estimate collapse temperature, but it has become apparent that such methodology is not necessarily predictive of collapse during freeze drying in commercial containers. Previous studies suggested that methodology based on "Optical Coherent Tomography", or OCT, is predictive. Here we demonstrate the generality of this early observation and present a theoretical analysis that supports the experimental observations using OCT.
3:35 Freeze Drying PAT using Heat Flux Measurement
T.N. Thompson, President, Millrock Technology, Inc
A freeze drying recipe will be analyzed and then improved using Heat Flux measurement and Control. Heat flux measurements provide critical process information for every step of the freeze drying process, including: freezing, primary drying and secondary drying. By measuring heat flux in-process process parameters such as % of product frozen by nucleation, crystal growth rates post-nucleation(Controlled and UnControlled), end of freezing, thermal conductivity of the vial (Kv), product resistance (Rp), mass-flow, shelf surface temperature and product temperature can be measured. Additionally, a design space can be developed in a single run.
4:05 Refreshment Break
4:30 Plenary Keynote Session
From Yeast to the Brain: Advances in Proteomics (More Details >> )
John R. Yates, Ph.D., Ernest W. Hahn Professor, Chemical Physiology and Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, The Scripps Research Institute
5:30-7:00 Reception in the Exhibit Hall with Poster Viewing
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BuzZ Sessions are facilitated, small-group discussions. Interactive participation leads to problem-solving solutions and future collaborations around focused topics.
To submit a topic for consideration, please click here.