text:
The Impossible Bloomberg Makeover
Redesigning the Bloomberg Terminal would be any interface designer's dream. There's obviously much room for improvement since the interface hasn't changed for a long time, and the personas using it are quite easy to define.
But the complexity and richness of the displayed data, the necessity to fully understand how traders use the tool, and the immediate impact on the work efficiency of more than 156,000 users around the world make it tremendously challenging to make any changes.
Here is a picture of the Bloomberg Terminal as it stands today (2010). As most users say, "it's hideous."
Here is the Bloomberg keyboard:
IDEO has submitted a redesign proposal back in 2007 after a 3-week study. Here's how it looks:
A widget allows you to zoom in on some detailed part of IDEO's design and have some explanation on the choices they've made. You can also read a short description of the project on their website.
But as a PortFolio.com article clearly puts it: "Bloomberg isn't looking to do a major overhaul of its terminals' graphic design anytime soon. In fact, company executives see the Bloomberg terminal's unique presentation as a status symbol and a selling point. 'We have to be religiously consistent' to satisfy users who become attached to terminal's look and feel, says Bloomberg chief executive Lex Fenwick. 'You can see a Bloomberg from a mile away.'"
The Bloomberg terminal is the perfect example of a lock-in effect reinforced by the powerful conservative tendencies of the financial ecosystem and its permanent need to fake complexity.
Simplifying the interface of the terminal would not be accepted by most users because, as ethnographic studies show, they take pride on manipulating Bloomberg's current "complex" interface. The pain inflicted by blatant UI flaws such as black background color and yellow and orange text is strangely transformed into the rewarding experience of feeling and looking like a hard-core professional.
The more painful the UI is, the more satisfied these users are.
The Bloomberg Terminal interface looks terrible, but it allows traders and other users to pretend you need to be experienced and knowledgeable to use it. Having been a user of the Bloomberg Terminal for five months, it took me a week and a few painful hours to handle it, and I am no genius. The only real impediments were the unbearable UI, remembering which key to push to make the "magic" work, and having to go through the 86-page manual.
Bloomberg's terminal interface will not evolve any time soon both because of the leadership Bloomberg has on the market and because users will not be satisfied with something simpler and more efficient.
Bloomberg is an extreme case of a common UI phenomenon where users take pride and find highly rewarding to handle a painful interface. Obtuse UIs are generally only accepted by early adopters of brand new or highly innovative services. Most of the time, the success of the service and the growth of its user base makes it both necessary and natural to redesign the UI. But despite the fact that Bloomberg is a market leader and has a large user base, this pattern of UI evolution hasn't come to pass.
The only valid reason explaining why the Bloomberg design will not change is the behavior of its users. Users who favor complexity and clutter over efficiency and clarity to sustain a fictive status symbol.
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After the financial meltdown sponsored by all those Bloomburg using terminal morons, I have two minds of this:
1). Maybe a better interface would have prevented these guys from making so many mistakes. I good interface might have warned them of the impending disaster.
2). A better interface would have caused even more damage. These goofballs had plenty of warnings that the world was financially unstable, but that didn't make them use any sort of caution.
As others have pointed out here, simplicity isn't everything.
I'm sure like every UI, there's room for improvement. But I would like to see an Edward Tufte-style analysis of data density, layering, and non-data clutter in the current UI (and Ideo's redesign), because to a financial trader, that's going to be pretty key. The more data points you can represent on the screen in a scannable, meaningful manner, the better.
And what's up with the last sentence? It's not even a complete sentence. Try a colon or an em dash to join it with the previous sentence.
Let me just offer something I learned from Alias Software back when it existed: Some programs can be designed to be easy to use, not easy to learn. As Bloomberg-terminal nonusers, all of us are looking at the problem through the lens of ease of learning. There seems to be implied evidence that actual users find it easy to actually use.
Or it might be that the users themselves would gain a competitive edge over other users if the system were to evolve.
If the company were to consistently evolve the software, the hiring value of those not currently working with the system would go down, making the current work force a more powerful force in the equation and allowing for demand of higher pay since they are the experts on the current system. An expertise maintained the longer the unbroken stretch of time they work with (and keep up with) with the system.
I wonder if Bloomberg could do something like what Yahoo did with its mail upgrades -- create a better interface* and allow users to choose between the two. The new interface would be the default for new users.
If financial services has a high churn rate, it might not take that long before only a minority of users used the old interface. And if the new interface was provably more productive, higher-ups might even want to force their users to use the new interface.
* Note that by "better" I don't mean "quicker to learn." I mean "more productive for someone who knows the interface."
keeping pace with the latest trendy designs is for consumer technology. this is business- are you going to write a review about air traffic control interfaces next? then criticise the users for seeking elite status??
traders love their terminals- and you suggest changing this?
@Vlad Golovach
1. Testing would be necessary and Bloomberg would have to validate its new design with current users willing to give it a try
2.Obviously, changing from an old to a new UI is always painful and inevitably gets the experienced user a bit lost. The first GUI must have disturbed a lot of command line aficionados. No doubt there. Still, it seems the GUI metaphor turned out to be better.
3. There were 290 000 terminals in Feb 2009 (the 156 000 figure was a bit old, sorry).
Bloomberg is now losing clients due to the financial crisis and competition (Thomson-Reuters) is gaining market share :
"Bloomberg L.P. is almost entirely built on the back of its 290,000 data terminals that cost between $1,500 and $1,800 monthly. But with financial firms cutting head count, terminal sales will likely drop. We saw an early indication of this last year. Between June 2007 and March 2008 there were 34,000 job cuts by Wall Street banks. By the end of the year Bloomberg saw a drop in net sales of 1,100. That equates to losing almost $20 million in revenue."
4. When a product is redesigned, I don't believe former users feel they have been robbed especially if the new UI allows them to be more efficient. On the contrary, they experience it as a free reward. They pay exactly the same price and the product keeps improving.
I think now would be the easiest time for redesign.
@MikeDubs :)
Bloomberg has a unique problem to solve. Not only would you have to redesign an arguably complex design layout dealing with a high level of abstraction from real concepts, but you also have to take consideration of the hardware aspects.
In the financial world there is a group of people that believe that complexity is key when dealing with any type of software. Discreet workflows and sensible points of navigation tend to become a point of contention against trying to show as many data points on the screen as once. It is this negative attitude that as soon as something can be dismissed as bad by the user they will instantly want to keep using the UI that they have.
The solution to creating a new Bloomberg UI is not in the traditional design process. Bloomberg will need to have someone that will welcome and embrace change in order to migrate people over to a new UI scheme. This will be a migration, under no circumstances will people instantly flock over to a new UI and embrace it by any means.
Is the task impossible? I don't think so, but it is complicated and full of politics. My biggest fear is that someone does redesign the Bloomberg terminal. How does Bloomberg actually apply the change? There is a lot of very expensive hardware out there to replace and we have to assume Bloomberg is sitting on top a number of good design decisions already.
The last statement stinks in my opinion. Indeed the users get pride from their knowledge. But it's not the main issue. It's abit more complex.
1. Current users can't see any benefit from new UI before it got released.
2. Current users can easily see pain from new UI: at least part of their skills will be thrown away, making invested effort to learn UI blow to dust.
3. The new users will clearly benefit from new UI but every single cent spent on this UI will be paid by old users (since all the money come from current users not a future ones).
4. Being the ones who knows how money are working, current users can easily figure that with new UI they will get raped for their own money.
So instead of insulting more than 156,000 Bloomberg users around the world you maybe (don't wanna be overly critical here) get Econ 101 again? This time for serious?
Experienced something similar with academic users of an ebook resource. When presented with proposals to make the content easier to find (via search engines), interpret and access they tended to rumble about 'not wanting undergrads and the like' using it.
Essentially it seemed they were suggesting that they had had to fight and win to gain access to this content and, although the argument was generally along the lines of 'cheapening' the content, they really meant that the wanted barriers to access to keep it all for themselves.
Perhaps they have a point, perhaps they're wrong, but if they pay the bill then there isn't much you can do about it.
@djmoore *nix command like interface might be the most efficient one out there. It certainly isn't clear and it isn' easy to learn but don't confuse ease of learning, with ease of use and efficiency.
For all that I know, their software might truly be terrible. But who exactly says that "black background color" and "yellow and orange text" are blatant UI flaws that inflict pain? That is a rather misinformed statement.
Bloomberg displays (the hardware) designed by Antenna Design are lovely though.
You should not assume the Bloomberg UI is bad just because it is ugly and complex. It may be fantastically useful once you get the hang of it. Not everything has to look like the appple website.
"The only valid reason explaining why Unix/Linux design will not change is the behavior of its users. Users who favor obscurity and complexity over efficiency and clarity to sustain a fictive status symbol."
Bloomberg's interface is fantastic! I have used it and haven't found anything that even comes close.
I remember the mockups done by some companies a few years ago (three of them I believe, one was mentioned in the article). All the mockups were terrible, they distracted from the actual purpose of the software.
It may not look pretty to those who are seeing it for the first time, but it does its job very well.
I'm not an experienced designer, but isn't the point of design to promote usability? If a tool works well for those who use it, new users are capable of being reasonably trained to use it successfully, and no users want change, is there really a design "problem"?
Additionally, is something "hideous" necessarily poorly designed? I think my new Droid is a little bit hideous, actually (especially in comparison to the iPhone), but it works pretty well, and I have been able to figure out most tasks without assistance.
I guess the question might be: is design meant to help users (who may not objectively perceive their own potential for productivity), or promote productivity? The two are not necessarily mutually exclusive.
@Chris Aviore
Ideo's proposal is not presented as a savior. Far from it. I doubt that the mock-up they've done include every feature Bloomberg has to offer. I just underline the fact that Bloomberg hasn't even considered the design and has not even responded to Ideo, making it clear that improving the existing interface was not their priority.
Who can afford not to consider a pro-active Ideo design proposal ?
Comparing a wildly innovative environment like an airplane cockpit with Bloomberg make no sense. The jetfighter are by definition at the edge of available technology and as the article suggest, the most complex technology almost always have poor interface.
In 2010, Bloomberg has nothing of a cutting-edge technology product and yet, the interface remains 'hideous'.
I am quite certain that a white background is better than a black one for reading.
I agree on the fact that the interface should be judged based on measuring the results and performance of users.
"The pain inflicted by blatant UI flaws such as black background color and yellow and orange text is strangely transformed into the rewarding experience of feeling and looking like a hard-core professional."
"I am quite certain that a white background is better than a black one for reading."
This is something that has really baffled me for the longest time--that designers insist that a white background with dark text is better than white text on a black background. This is really just habit rearing its head because designers are used to working with paper. Paper is a reflective medium, meaning it subtracts light. Computer monitors, on the other hand, *are* light. Looking at white on a monitor is no different than looking at a light bulb. It strains the eye. Have you ever heard someone complain that they can't read for long on a computer and prefer paper? This is why. Having a black background with bright text on a monitor is much easier on the eye. Ever wonder why IT folks who use terminals use white on black? Have you ever wondered why movie credits are white on black?
UX Designers really need to get over this one. Colored and/or black backgrounds on a light projecting medium are a good thing. Stop thinking it's paper.
So we take one cursory look at a Bloomberg terminal and assess its effectiveness as a platform, and also compare it to a prototype done in 3 weeks as a savior neglected by management. Hmm.
I think a bugle looks easy to play. It's not.
I also think a cockpit of a jet fighter looks tough. I couldn't sit down and fly my ass to the other side of the country in an hour and land on the deck of an aircraft carrier all because the interface was intuitive.
Measure the results, not how many gradients are in the design or if Smashing Magazine lists it in the top 1,293 most beautful gorgeous trendy patternized CSS5 financial sites.
Do you guys really think Bloomberg doesn't hire UX pros? Do you think they don't have the dough to change if they knew it wouldn't squeeze one more one hundredth of a penny out of every trade?
Let's be realistic.
Hear hear! Good design is a means, not an end. If those ends can be achieved by some other means, and more importantly, if good design rocks a very steady boat with a lot of money in it, then there has to be a very great impetus for change.
If power users are able to get their work done without complaint then what's the issue? Even if they actually don't like the current interface and do think it needs improvement, a misplaced feature or a miscalculation on the part of the designer could disorient users working in high-risk environments.
It is a goal-oriented design. Clearly it is not a human centered one.
Just like a violin. You have to spend some time for playing a tune.
So actually, it's not bad at all.
But I expect to see a disruptive financial information service which can defeat Bloomberg terminal soon. As you can see, there are many thing you can do much better.
I have heard from traders that they don't focus on the screens, but look for patterns within the movement and colours which then draws them to drill into specific stock. Having to relearn a system to discover the new patterns may be prohibitive for some.
@AJK has it: Bloomberg needs to at least try a new UI on a subset of people. If they perform drastically better, consider killing the old UI. If they don't - well, I guess simplicity isn't everything!
That's extremely bad leadership on Bloomberg's part and instead these high powered idiots who can make alot of mistakes due to the so not hilarious UI, LOVE acting smart because they know how to work it.
I worked in a company which used a form of command prompt/terminal styled interface and we all loved it because we eventually understood it, it looked difficult and we felt smart.
The company forcefully changed the design to something smoother and we all objected, after 2 years NON of us would EVER go back to the terminal styled UI.
Bloomberg need to get their head in the game, bite the bullet and modernise. This is almost as bad as commercial companies still using IE6 despite NO support for it at all.
What about the competition? Are they using more modern, user friendly user interfaces?
The Bloomberg terminal reminds me of the user interfaces you see on TV shows like 24. Lots of graphs and numbers running all over. You can probably hack into the Pentagon with it by randomly bashing the keyboard.


text:
Top Definition
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от Urfan
03 юли 2006
2 more definitions
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от TheTrooper80
28 май 2010

subset: commoncrawl


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Yay for clipart! :|
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Who knew Harry Nilsson would get such a reception from this generation.
josh3736 wrote:I don't get it?
put the lime in the coconut it'll make you feel better newest version-http://youtube.com/watch?v=Er5bIojGeUw
Why did it have to be Navy... oh well, I am probably still in for one.
I'm very tempted. How dark is woot's "navy"? I've noticed them have navy before, but it looks black to me.
Ehh... I don't know... CONGRATS THOUGH!
ahahahahahaha very classy woot. nice. but i'm not so sure i'd wear this in public. good for a laugh on the computer screen though. Thanks, goodnight.
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for this I stayed up past midnight? Man o man W00T, when are ya going to get something superdupercool, not just ok cool? Eh well, my last two W00T shirts were so rough I could have used them to exfoliate my skin with. Another pass here.
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shappyofdoom wrote:put the lime in the coconut it'll make you feel better
with 805 votes, he's gonna feel better in the morning grats!
awesome shirt. got one
My order is in :D Great stuff here. Simple, creative, lightly humorous, and colorful. Good work.
josh3736 wrote:I don't get it? Seriously... call me stupid, but I'm missing the joke.
You should watch Reservoir Dogs. In fact, even those of us which have seen it numerous times before should probably watch it again.
Volden wrote:I'm very tempted. How dark is woot's "navy"? I've noticed them have navy before, but it looks black to me.
The one navy shirt I have from woot is pretty dark.
This shirt is very cute but I was hoping for the shirt inspired by "the devil went down to Georgia"... Oh well, CONGRATS!
Love it, in for three!
Browning81 wrote:Please woot, no more fruit
woot is at the mercy of fruit voters here
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cleverconveyence wrote:If you do not get this, you are either really, really tired from staying up, or you are too young to have a credit card. Or you're a hermit. I know a few of those. Burst right into flames under direct sunlight, I say.
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Darn this shirt, now I can't get the song out of my head! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w7P59YBoz_o
bungle wrote:Here you go: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8IG7vu16Fug&feature=related
I like the comment on the youtube page: "this is a good song for kids or really, really drunk people!" I wonder who we'll be pleasing with this design. Hm.
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pretty sad that with all the great designs this week, this little clipart show takes first place. wooters are so predictable. and not in a good way.
First woot ever! Bought one with a friend, pretty awesome shirt! :D Thanks woot.
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40 CFR 503.14 - Management practices.
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GPO FDSys XML | Text type regulations.gov FR Doc. 2014-27918 RIN 2020-AA47 EPA-HQ-OECA-2009-0274 FRL-9908-58-OECA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY Request for further comment. Comments must be received on or before January 30, 2015. 40 CFR Parts 122, 123, 127, 403, 501, and 503 On July 30, 2013, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed the NPDES Electronic Reporting Rule that would require electronic reporting instead of current paper-based NPDES reports. This action would modernize NPDES reporting, save time and resources for regulated entities and regulatory agencies, better protect the Nation's waters by improving compliance, and provide the public with access to information that affects their communities. The proposal would enhance transparency and accountability by providing regulatory agencies and the public with more timely, complete, accurate, and nationally-consistent data about the NPDES program and potential sources of water pollution. The benefits of this proposed rulemaking should allow NPDES-authorized programs in states, tribes, and territories to shift precious resources from data management activities to solving issues that threaten human health, water quality, and noncompliance issues. As a result of comments received on the proposed rule, we are soliciting further comments by opening a new public comment period.
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We must do something
So Gov. Shumlin thinks there is nothing that can be done to protect children from gun violence, so we should not do anything?
Why do we have laws against drug dealing, stealing or any crime? It is useless to have police? Criminals are going to do what they do no matter what. What a cop-out. Politicians are so afraid of adverse reactions from gun owners they will not stand up for what is right. Gun owners are so paranoid about the government taking away their guns. Black helicopters, anyone?
I wonder if the governor lost a child to gun violence he might feel the same way?
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Elise Riddel
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"Burgernomics was never intended as a precise gauge of currency misalignment, merely a tool to make exchange-rate theory more digestible." #youreridiculous.
THE Big Mac index was invented by The Economist in 1986 as a lighthearted guide to whether currencies are at their "correct" level. It is based on the theory of purchasing-power parity (PPP), the notion that in the long run exchange rates should move towards the rate that would equalise the prices of an identical basket of goods and services (in this case, a burger) in any two countries. For example, the average price of a Big Mac in America in January 2015 was $4.79; in China it was only $2.77 at market exchange rates. So the "raw" Big Mac index says that the yuan was undervalued by 42% at that time.
Burgernomics was never intended as a precise gauge of currency misalignment, merely a tool to make exchange-rate theory more digestible. Yet the Big Mac index has become a global standard, included in several economic textbooks and the subject of at least 20 academic studies. For those who take their fast food more seriously, we have also calculated a gourmet version of the index.
This adjusted index addresses the criticism that you would expect average burger prices to be cheaper in poor countries than in rich ones because labour costs are lower. PPP signals where exchange rates should be heading in the long run, as a country like China gets richer, but it says little about today's equilibrium rate. The relationship between prices and GDP per person may be a better guide to the current fair value of a currency. The adjusted index uses the "line of best fit" between Big Mac prices and GDP per person for 48 countries (plus the euro area). The difference between the price predicted by the red line for each country, given its income per person, and its actual price gives a supersized measure of currency under- and over-valuation.
User guide:
The 'Select base currency' button allows you to choose from five base currencies: the yuan, the euro, the yen, sterling and the US dollar. You can also choose to see the index in its original 'raw' form, or adjusted for GDP per person. By default, the panel at the bottom displays a scatter chart plotting the local price of a Big Mac (expressed in the current base currency) against GDP per person in that country. Select individual points for details.
As you explore the map, the scatter chart will be replaced by a line chart plotting the highlighted country's under- or over-valuation against the current base currency over time. You can select a country on the map to 'freeze' it (with the exception of Internet Explorer), allowing you to mouse over/tap the line chart and see detailed indicators for your selection over time. To 'unfreeze' the map, click/tap on the highlighted country again.
Download the full data-set here
NOTE: As of January 2015, the Big Mac index has been adapted to include Lithuania as part of the euro area.


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Most colleges do not have a "pre-law" major. In fact, most law schools do not recognize the idea of a "pre-law" major. There is no particular course of study that is a prerequisite for admission to law school. Students interested in attending law school, and preparing for a career in law, should pursue courses that will develop excellent verbal, written and analytical skills.
Many different majors can lead to a successful career in law. Most majors that are not vocationally oriented, such as elementary education or medical technology, are appropriate as an undergraduate program that would prepare one for law school.
The greatest advantage Xavier offers to the prospective law student is a mandatory core of liberal arts courses. Xavier students, regardless of the major they choose, take courses in history, humanities, literature, foreign language, mathematics, philosophy, science, social science and theology. These courses combined with the major field of study and free electives provide a strong background that makes the Xavier graduate attractive to law schools throughout the United States.
Xavier University is proud to offer a Mentor Program for students, including those interested in pre-law, where students are partnered with leading law professionals to network and establish connections in the world of law and politics. The program offers an innovative approach ensuring that students have a viable and effective network of notable professional contacts assisting them in their career endeavors. For more information visit the Mentor Program.
A number of web sites are available to assist pre-law students in information gathering for school and career preparation. They include:
- Find Law for Students: A general clearinghouse of information for pre-law students.
- Law School Admission Council (LSAC): Information regarding the LSAT and getting into law school.
Ann Marie Tracey, J.D.
Associate Professor
Pre-Law Advisor
228 Smith Hall
Phone: (513) 745-3129
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Paul Fiorelli, J.D., M.B.A.
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Don't let your level of fanaticism drop when the temperatures start to decline. Rev up your Hawkeyes pride when those cool breezes blow through with this Stride full zip jacket! This lightweight jacket features a printed Iowa logo on the left chest to show off your team pride, "Iowa" lettering on the back and a drawstring waist to keep out the cold! With this jacket in the closet, your Hawkeyes spirit will be prepared for any kind of weather!
- 100% Polyester fabric
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- Full zip
- Imported
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- Officially licensed collegiate product
- Olympic collar
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- Two front zippered pockets
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The backpack looks... well, cute. It looks nice, but it's smaller than the other 17-inch backpacks, doesn't have any reinforced bottom, and my major problem - the openning for the main compartment is too small. Let me give you a visual - it's too small for a one 3-inch textbook and 2 2-inch 3-ring binders. I intended it for my high-school senior son, and it's too small for his needs. Looks like we will need another backpack for college.
good color and durability., but had to send back due to straps were too uncomfortable
A good sized bag for my eldest son (going into year 3) to take to school.
Overall, this is a great backpack. Especially for the price I got it! Everywhere else I looked I would've had to pay over $XX to get anything decent. The material is really thick and the handle on top is stronger and easier on your hands than most backpacks, even XXXXXXXX. I like that it has two bigger pockets, but the one with the organizer will pretty much only hold pencils or smaller stuff. I put a small bottle of lotion in it and the organizer pocket kind of bulges if I have books in the other two. If you have any laptop bigger than 15.6" I really don't think it would fit because mine is 15.6" and I have to shove it in. This doesn't take away from the usefulness at all though, so don't let that deter you. I like that it has hooks where to clip keys or other stuff on the straps. The pockets on the side will fit most water bottles, but if you have something more the size of a standard Nalgene I don't think it would fit. Straps and back are padded really well. If you're worried about it being a duller blue than the picture, it's not. Bottom line, great backpack. Especially for only $XX.
I bought this bag for my son (for school) but as soon as it came I knew I wanted it for myself! so I am now reording in blue for me!
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Pecorino Foglie De Noce
Our story begins in a walnut grove set against the late spring sky of Emilia-Romagna with the tender leaves of sprawling hardwoods. Late in the season, before the leaves become bitter and dry, they are quickly gathered and layered in cozy clay crocks with just-made wheels of pecorino. Read More


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Ex-gubernatorial candidate Bill McBride dies
McBride suffers fatal heart attack in N.C.
Tampa attorney Bill McBride, who came out of nowhere to win the Democratic gubernatorial nomination in 2002 but lost to then-Republican Gov. Jeb Bush, has died at the age of 67.
His wife, Alex Sink, said Sunday that McBride suffered a fatal heart attack Saturday while visiting with family in Mount Airy, N.C.
sink was the Democratic nominee for governor in 2010, losing to now-Gov. Rick Scott. The couple made their home outside of Tampa.
Sink said McBride had suffered from heart problems for years.
McBride defeated former U.S. Attorney General Janet Reno in the Democratic primary to run against Bush. Before entering politics, he was managing partner at the prestigious Holland & Knight law firm.
Sink said McBride's true legacy is as a longtime civil rights champion.
Copyright 2012 by The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Family Humor
Tracy Beckerman is Lost in Suburbia and trying to hold onto just a little bit of her former, COOL, pre-mom self!
You've Been Blocked!
About this blog
Nationally syndicated columnist and author Tracy Beckerman is \x34Lost in Suburbia\x34 � managing the chaos with a healthy dose of humor. Her next book, a \x34momoir,\x34 will be published in spring 2013. She contributes to many online mom sites, ...
» Read more
Family Humor
Nationally syndicated columnist and author Tracy Beckerman is \x34Lost in Suburbia\x34 � managing the chaos with a healthy dose of humor. Her next book, a \x34momoir,\x34 will be published in spring 2013. She contributes to many online mom sites, including www.todaysmama.com, www.rolemommy.com and www.newjerseymomsblog.com and is an official blogger for Lifetime Television's hit show, \x34The Balancing Act.\x34 She also does stand-up comedy and has appeared at venues including The Comic Strip Live in NYC and The Erma Bombeck Workshop in Dayton, Ohio. Before she became a columnist, Beckerman was a writer and producer in the television industry for 10 years, managing the advertising & promotion department at WCBS-TV New York. Tracy is married to a very understanding guy. They have two children and live in New Jersey where she writes, does battle with woodchucks and avoids, at all costs, driving a minivan.
Recent Posts
The Great and Powerful Snow Oz
Jan. 27, 2015 12:16 p.m.
A Very Monty New Year
Jan. 1, 2015 12:05 p.m.
Doing the Cranberry Can-Can
Nov. 24, 2014 12:10 p.m.
It Ain�t Over �til the Fat Lip Sings
Nov. 11, 2014 12:13 p.m.
What�s Better Than a Plain Old Monday?� A Monday with a Head Cold!
Sept. 22, 2014 6:15 p.m.
By lostinsuburbiablog
July 19, 2013 12:11 a.m.
I�ve been blocked on Facebook� again.
When I say,
, I don�t mean to make it sound like it�s something that happens all the time. As far as I know it�s only been two times. But even two times is a lot when you�re used to getting along with everyone and, to your knowledge, have never been accused of something awful like being a stalker, an identity thief, or a mime.
The first time I was blocked I took it in stride because it was someone I already had a strained relationship with.
4 years later, I'm
over it.
But the latest person who blocked me was someone I�d just met. She was someone I spoke with at length at a conference, discussed a job opportunity, and mutually agreed to connect with after the conference. Following the conference, I friended her on Facebook. Then, about two weeks later I realized I�d never gotten a friend acceptance and checked back only to discover she was no longer on Facebook. But
the way Facebook works
is, when someone blocks you, they appear to no longer be on Facebook. So when someone disappears from Facebook, you can�t be sure if it�s because they closed their account or they blocked you. The only way to know for sure is to look for them from someone else�s account.
Having been on the receiving end of a FB blocking before, I was wise to the ways of being blocked, so I looked for her from someone else�s account, and, voila: there was the person I had tried to friend.
And then I knew I�d been
tossed aside like a sack of potatoes
Once you are a two-time blockee, you don�t get nearly as upset as you might have the first time. You�re kind of like,
�What the heck?�
�OMG, she BLOCKED me?�
and, �
Wow. What did I say?�
followed by,
�What a b****!!�
Then you replay the whole conversation you had with her through your head to see if there was any point where you came across as someone with obsessive tendencies, multiple personalities, an arrest record, a restraining order, ties to the Kardashians, persistent chronic halitosis, or the possibility that you slept with her husband.
Except for the arrest record (which was only a misdemeanor and I swear, I was out of the country when it happened) none of the other things were even remotely possible. So I was really at a loss as to why she�d blocked me. I realized that being blocked by a friend (or potential friend) on Facebook is kind of like having a boyfriend suddenly stop returning your calls. You know it�s over but you�re not sure why and you�re just left wondering what you did to be so coldly dumped. Personally, I�d prefer to get an automated notification from Facebook that says:
So-and-So blocked you because you:
Post too many cloyingly cute pictures of your kids
Ditto your dog
Brag too much about the miles you ran/laps you swam/triathalon you
competed in
Ditto your vacatio
Repeatedly invite them to play annoying Facebook games
Repeatedly ask them to vote for you for some inane contest
Creepily comment on every status update they make
Since I was still friends with her husband on Facebook (who, I repeat, I have not slept with), I thought about messaging him and asking him why on earth his wife had blocked me. But then I figured it would be awkward for him to be in the middle of a UFB (Unwarranted Facebook Blocking) and might cause UMS (Undue Marital Stress) as well as the possibility that he also would commit a UFB on me and then I would be three time Facebook blockee, which would certainly be a blight on my otherwise pristine social media reputation. Being blocked twice could be considered an aberration. Three times and people start to think you�re a stalker.
In an attempt to be a grown up and not obsess about it, and not pursue it, and realize it was probably her problem, not mine, I decided to let it go and move on with my life.
… Right after I block her back.
�2013, Beckerman. All rights reserved.
My new book, "Lost in Suburbia: A Momoir. How I Got Pregnant. Lost Myself, and Got My Cool Back in the New Jersey Suburbs" is now available. To get a copy for you or a cool mom you love,�
To become a fan of Lost in Suburbia on Facebook,�
Visit me here
To follow me on Twitter,�
visit me here
Comment or View Comments »
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Golden Heavy Body Artist Acrylics are known for their exceptionally smooth, thick, buttery consistency, and for their excellent permanency and lightfastness. These paints have the ability to "stand up" and retain brush strokes or palette knife marks on the canvas.
Color Swatch created using heavy application/medium application/50% tint and was applied on acrylic primed canvas (7 oz) material.
Pigment PY74 is one of the most commercially important pigments of the Hansa Yellow group, considered superior to many others in its class based on both tinting strength and lightfastness. Several PY74 grades with different particle sizes are available. Grades with finer particle size are more brilliant and transparent. Pigment PY74 ranges from reddish yellow to greenish yellow, with temperature shifts from cool to warm hues. It has high tinting strength and average to slow drying time.
This Hansa Yellow has better lightfastness that other yellow monoazo pigments, particularly in the darker shades.
Hansa Yellow has no significant acute hazards, though its chronic hazards have not been well studied.
Hansa Yellows were first made in Germany just before WW1 from a series of synthetic dyestuffs called Pigment Yellow. They were intended to be a synthetic replacement for Cadmium Yellow.
Arylide, Arylide Yellow, Azo, Brilliant Yellow, Monoazo, Monolite Yellow, Permanent Yellow.
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Gorno Ford
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Durant contributed 24 points, six rebounds and four assists while Westbrook donated 19 points, 10 helpers and eight boards as the top-seeded Thunder ran away with the opener of their Western Conference series.
Serge Ibaka (17 points, seven rebounds) and Kevin Martin (16, five boards) also reached double figures in the victory.
Former Oklahoma City standout James Harden scored 20 points for the Rockets, who were appearing in the post-season for the first time since 2010.
Patrick Beverley and Carlos Delfino teamed up for 21 points off the bench in the loss.


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I am doing research for a non-model related project and have hit a bump in the road. I would appriciate input into this discussion.
In 1949 the Navy Club of the USA toured the country, partly as a fund raising function, with a display of World War 2 memorabilia that included a Japanese "Koryu" midget suicide submarine.This tour stopped in at least 3 Maine towns9 I have the newspaper clippings). The description says it is 20 feet long and powered by batteries, with a range of 150 miles, and manned by one pilot. It goes on to say that it carried 1800 pounds of explosive and was expected to ram itself into it's target. It is alledged that this "model" of sub was used "extensively"during the Okinawa campaign until the end of the war and built at Yokosuka. I enclose a scratchy photo fron the Bangor Daily News, dated 7/20/1949.
As one can see, this appears to be more like the sub that kids could buy from the back of a comic book than a real sub. It is not a Type A, B, C, or D " Koryu" Nor is it a Kairyu, which were built at Yokosuka.
I have my suspicitions about this matter, but would like to hear other comments or ideas. Thanks


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Looking for Digital Cameras?
Start shoppingFollow the Lines
A Crutchfield Camera Club Challenge
The current theme was titled "Follow the Lines." One of the ways a photographer can engage the viewer is to have lines that lead the eye to a specific part of the image. It can be to suggest a sense of motion, or to force the eye to halt as it moves across the photo.
But what exactly that term meant (and how best to photograph it) was something each member of the Crutchfield Camera Club had to decide individually. As you can see, even when lines are literally in the shot, they're not often used in the most obvious fashion.
Below are four of the images that the Club felt best fulfilled the assignment. What do you think? You can view the entire gallery at Follow the Lines.
Beach - Jim Ralston |
Lines - J. Stoll |
Road - Ralph Graves |
Overlook - Ann Marrs |
The Crutchfield Camera Club is made up of employees with varying degrees of photographic equipment and experience. Yet they all share the same passion for the art of photography.


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Moderators: Ross_Varn, 501stCadians, dilanski
ikensall wrote:It's being disallowing me for a few days now, maybe I'll just have to sit it out.
Rone888 wrote:The Kingdom under the castle's rule needs a name...
SnakeMittens wrote:Thank you zupps!
mr.duckie wrote:SirCheese wrote:I will be neutral. (Cuz I don't want to make enemies)
Get Him!!!!
BrikSaber wrote:I'm mdiggler.
I you added me, that'd be great, but, hey, I saw the comments on the last time I tried to get whitelisted, so I'm not holding my breath.
Also, I lied about never coming back.
Tzan wrote:Semaj Nagirrac wrote:Well, I took some land without checking if it was owned by a faction or not. I'm not going to be banned, am I? I can destroy everything if need be.
That's what Hitler said,
in 1938.
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The best character in Once Upon a Time. She plays the evil queen from Snow White. The most fierce, flawless human being you will ever set your eyes upon. She's even amazing when shes being a bitch, better even.
Did you see Regina Mills in last night's episode?! Her evilness surpassed all things.
লিখেছেন- OUATfanatics
12 de জানুয়ারি de 2012


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Classical References
Cheryl Iverson
in AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (10th edition)
Classical references may deviate from the usual forms in some details. In many instances, the facts of publication are irrelevant and may be omitted. Date of publication should be given when available ... More
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Hello board... Its been a while, but I thought it timely to say hello and that I will be starting on my stored / stalled sub projects again.
Namely 1 x 1/72nd Gato and 1 x 1/72nd Type VII.
Just waiting for my order for a Sub Driver Kit and associated bits to arrive
Type VII on the slips first....
Shame on me my last visit was - Last visit was: Wed Aug 27, 2008 3:19 pm
I note one Jeff Larue on the board, were you into r/c Tanks at anypoint sir?
Kind Regards to all
Auckland, New Zealand


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Minato Namikaze
Redirected from 4th Hokage
this wiki
Please note that this is the Narutopedia's article on the character. If you are looking for the article on the anime episode then you should head to The Fourth Hokage. |
editMinato Namikaze [1][2][3][4] | |||
(波風ミナト, Namikaze Minato)
| |||
Debut | |||
Manga | Chapter #239 | ||
Anime | Naruto Episode #1 | ||
Movie | Naruto Shippūden the Movie: The Lost Tower | ||
Game | Naruto: Ultimate Ninja | ||
OVA | Hidden Leaf Village Grand Sports Festival! | ||
Appears in | Anime, Manga, Game, Movie | ||
Voice Actors | |||
Japanese |
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English | |||
Personal | |||
Birthdate | January 25 | ||
Gender | Male | ||
Age |
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Status | Deceased | ||
Height |
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Weight |
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Blood type | B | ||
Classification | |||
Tailed Beast | Kurama (Yin half) (Forms) | ||
Occupation | |||
Affiliation | |||
Team | |||
Rank | |||
Ninja Rank |
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Ninja Registration | 006510 | ||
Academy Grad. Age | 10 | ||
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Minato Namikaze (波風ミナト, Namikaze Minato) was the Fourth Hokage (四代目火影, Yondaime Hokage, Literally meaning: Fourth Fire Shadow) of Konohagakure. He was famous in life for his speed, leading to the moniker of Konoha's Yellow Flash (木ノ葉の黄色い閃光, Konoha no Kiiroi Senkō, English TV: Yellow Flash of the Leaf). He died during the Nine-Tails' attack on Konoha, sacrificing his life to seal a part of the Nine-Tails into his newborn son, Naruto Uzumaki.
Early life
Minato entered Konoha's Academy with the dream of earning the villagers' respect and recognition by becoming Hokage.[7] When Kushina Uzumaki moved to Konoha, she was placed in the same class as Minato. Minato was immediately drawn to her bright red hair, finding it beautiful. Minato was a natural prodigy as a ninja, the likes of which appears only once in a generation.[8] When he was added to a genin team under the leadership of Jiraiya, Jiraiya took a special interest in Minato and took him on as his apprentice, teaching him many of his own signature abilities.[9] In time, Minato's exceptional skills led Jiraiya to believe he might be the Child of the Prophecy, someone who would someday save the world.[10]
Years later, after they graduated and became ninja, Kushina was kidnapped by Kumogakure forces. Konoha mobilised its ninja to retrieve her, but only Minato noticed the strands of red hair Kushina left behind to mark their path. Minato, acting alone, rescued her from her captors.[11] On their way back to Konoha, Minato confessed his admiration for her hair, causing Kushina – who had previously believed Minato "unreliable" and even "girly"[12] – to fall in love with him.
Konoha's Yellow Flash
Minato and Kushina were a couple from the time that he rescued her, and with his love, Kushina was able to keep the Nine-Tails sealed within her at bay. They eventually married. From observing a Tailed Beast Ball, Minato began a three year process of creating the Rasengan, the height of shape transformation. He would spend the rest of his life trying to combine it with his own nature.
After proving himself an accomplished and responsible ninja, Minato was placed in charge of his own team, consisting of Rin Nohara, Obito Uchiha, and Kakashi Hatake. In the anime, the Third Hokage gave Minato the special task of helping Kakashi overcome the bitterness caused by his father's death and remind him of the human element of being a ninja.[13] Minato gave his team a bell test upon its formation in order to teach them the value of teamwork.[14] Although they passed the test, Kakashi would remain a staunch advocate of prioritising the mission over the team, causing conflict with Obito. Minato did his best to keep the two on good terms.
When Konoha became involved in the Third Shinobi World War, Minato's obligations became split between training his students and helping with the war effort. During a mission into Kusagakure to destroy the Kannabi Bridge, Minato transferred leadership of the mission to Kakashi – who had recently become a jōnin – while he headed to the front lines. He met up with the surviving and out-numbered Konoha ninja and single-handedly wiped out the opposing Iwagakure forces. In the anime, his victory in this battle against a thousand ninja convinced the Third Tsuchikage to accept a peace treaty.[15] When he rendezvoused with his team afterwards he found Kakashi and Rin and surrounded by Iwa-nin, Obito having already been lost. He rescued them, helped them complete their original mission once they recovered, and returned to Konoha with them to mourn Obito.[16] Minato's competing obligations would later repeat the tragedy of Obito's death: while he was away on another mission, Rin was kidnapped by Kirigakure and died during Kakashi's attempt to retrieve her.
Minato encountered A of Kumogakure a number of times during the war.[17] During their first meeting, Minato and A compared their speed, with Minato proving the faster. He received orders to retreat before their competition could resolve, but he lingered to compliment A and his brother, B, a jinchūriki like Kushina; he encouraged A to take care of B and remember he was a person. A pursued Minato, so Minato moved against B, threatening to kill him if A didn't let him and his team go.[18] Minato was confident he and A would someday meet as Kage.[19]
Fourth Hokage
For his performance during the War, Minato was chosen over Orochimaru to become Fourth Hokage.[20] He taught the Flying Thunder God Technique to the Hokage Guard Platoon to better aid them in their duties of serving the Hokage at any given time.[21] In the anime, he also tried to help Kakashi, now an Anbu, emerge from the darkness he'd fallen into after Obito and Rin's deaths. During the gradual transfer of responsibilities from the Third Hokage to him, the Third advised Minato to restore Kakashi's value of life by tasking him with protecting Kushina during her pregnancy.[22]
As a jinchūriki, the strain of childbirth would weaken the seal keeping the Nine-Tails sealed into Kushina. For that reason special precautions had to be taken: the child would secretly be delivered in a remote location outside of the village, with barriers around the area and several Anbu guards as extra protection. Minato was not greatly worried about the birth, and in fact gave Kakashi the day off in gratitude for his good work. He and Kushina had already decided on a name for their son, "Naruto", after the main character of Jiraiya's first book, hoping that their Naruto would be just as determined as the character (and thus its author). Jiraiya tried to convince them to make a different choice since that would make him Naruto's godfather, but they insisted that this was a good thing.[23]
Naruto was born on the night of October 10. Only moments after the birth Minato began making preparations to restore the Nine-Tails' weakened seal, but he was interrupted by the arrival of a masked man, otherwise known as Tobi. Tobi killed the Anbu guards and midwives and took Naruto hostage, threatening to kill him if Minato didn't back away from Kushina. Minato immediately took Naruto back from him, yet discovered explosive tags had been planted on Naruto. Minato was forced to teleport away to keep Naruto from harm, allowing Tobi to escape with Kushina. He found a safe place for Naruto and teleported to Kushina in time to save her from being killed by the Nine-Tails, extracted from her body by Tobi. He reunited mother and son before heading out to protect the village.[24]
Minato returned to the village in the early stages of the Nine-Tails' attack on Konoha, arriving in time to teleport away a Tailed Beast Ball before it destroyed the Hokage Monument. He attempted to reach the Third Hokage so that he could inform him of what happened, but was interrupted by Tobi, who tried to warp him away. Minato reacted in time to escape, but Tobi pursued him. Because Tobi was controlling the Nine-Tails' actions, defeating him was of prime importance in order to save Konoha. Minato initially struggled to successfully strike him but, after several failed attacks, he finally hit him with a Rasengan and branded him with a Flying Thunder God seal, allowing him to teleport to Tobi whenever he wanted. He then used a Contract Seal on Tobi to release the Nine-Tails from his control, forcing him to flee.[25]
No longer being controlled, the Nine-Tails began retreating from the village, though it continued to attack the Konoha ninja that pursued it. As it prepared another Tailed Beast Ball, Minato once again arrived in time to stop it, this time by dropping Gamabunta on top of it. He had Gamabunta keep it restrained while he gathered the chakra needed to transport the Nine-Tails to Naruto and Kushina's location, the farthest from the village he could get. Kushina restrained it and erected a barrier so that it couldn't escape while they decided what to do. Already dying from the Nine-Tails' removal, Kushina offered to have it sealed back into her so it would die with her. Minato rejected this, believing the Nine-Tails' power would be needed in the future if and when the Tobi struck again. Remembering Jiraiya's words about the "Child of the Prophecy", Minato decided that Naruto was that child and that he would someday save the world. To prepare Naruto for this, Minato would make Naruto the Nine-Tails' new jinchūriki so he could make use of its strength.
Because the Nine-Tails' chakra was too immense to seal into an infant, Minato used the Dead Demon Consuming Seal to cut its chakra in half, sealing the Yin half in himself. Realising what they were planning, the Nine-Tails tried to kill Naruto, but Minato and Kushina used themselves as shields. Minato summoned Gerotora, gave him the key to the seal he would use on Naruto, and sent him to Jiraiya. Meanwhile, Kushina told Naruto how much his parents loved him, which Minato seconded. He sealed the Nine-Tails' Yang half into Naruto, weaving Kushina's chakra into the seal so that she could someday assist Naruto with learning to control the Nine-Tails.[26] He mingled in some of his own chakra, too, programming it to activate if ever the seal was about to break so that he could restore it.[27] Seeing the Third Hokage nearby, Minato communicated to him a final request for the villagers of Konoha: to think of Naruto as a hero and not the container of the monster that caused so much death and destruction.[28] With that, his soul was consumed by the Shinigami.
Despite his physical resemblance to Naruto, Minato was more perceptive and collected than his son; Jiraiya said that Minato was a shrewd person, not one to do something without a reason.[29] He was well aware of the terror his reputation inspired in rival villages and would take advantage of it at times, but even then he would remain respectful to opponents and wouldn't pry in their personal affairs if he could help it. He was not the type to hold grudges, only feeling sorry for Tobi (Obito) despite his role in his own and Kushina's deaths.[30] If anything, Minato blames himself for his death, both because he couldn't save Obito from the fate that corrupted him or Konoha from the difficulties that arose after he was gone.[31]
Naruto is not without any of his father's personality traits: both have indomitable spirits and fierce ambitions that drive them through all their choices in life. Both are of unwavering loyalty to Konoha and their loved ones – friends and family – and that devotion inspires all those around them. Like Naruto, Minato had the tendency to create questionable techniques, although in Minato's case it was complicated names he came up with rather than the actual technique. This was seen when he named the "Scorch Release: Halo Gale Jet Black Arrow Style Zero", though afterwards he admitted it didn't sound very good.[32]
After becoming Hokage, Minato started to take more pride in himself, referring to himself as "ore", which is a prideful way of saying "I" or "me", instead of using "watashi", a more formal way of referring to one's self. Still, this did not make him haughty as he still addressed others with the appropriate honourifics.
Minato has frequently been compared with Naruto in terms of physical appearance; both have bright, blue eyes and spiky, blond hair. Minato also had jaw-length bangs framing either side of his face. According to Jiraiya, Minato was considered to be very handsome.[33] His normal attire consisted of a standard Konoha uniform with two bands on both of his sleeves, a green flak jacket, blue forehead protector, and blue sandals. After becoming Hokage, he started wearing a short-sleeved long white haori over his normal attire, closed in the front by a thin, orange rope. The haori was decorated by red flame-like motifs on the edges, with the kanji for "Fourth Hokage" (四代目火影, Yondaime Hokage) written vertically down the back.
During his time in the Academy, he wore a simple white suit of clothing with green trimmings and a hood. After becoming a full-fledged shinobi, he wore a tracksuit with three stripes on the sleeves, mesh under-armour, a pair of black pants, and sandals.
As Hokage, Minato was a extremely powerful shinobi compared to most ninja. He was noted by Jiraiya to be one of the most talented shinobi who ever lived, a calibre that has yet to be met by anyone else.[8] During the Third Shinobi World War, flee-on-sight orders were given to enemy shinobi should they ever see him appear on the battlefield, and in a single battle he was able to kill 1000 Iwagakure shinobi.[5] His skills were so advanced he could fight both A and Killer B on multiple occasions, each time defeating them or driving them off. A remarked that he found it hard to believe anyone could surpass Minato even years later, and B even expressed chills when he remembered Minato.[34][35] During the Nine-Tails' attack on Konoha, Tobi believed Minato was the only one capable of interfering with his plans, and indeed, it was only through Minato's actions that the attack was ended and the village saved from complete destruction. When the Konoha Crush loomed years later, Minato was believed to be the only one who could have stopped the threat Orochimaru posed to Konoha, and for that reason, his death was deeply regretted.[36]
Physical and Chakra Prowess
Minato was hailed as the fastest shinobi in history.[17] While this recognition was due in large part to his space–time ninjutsu, Minato's natural speed and reflexes were practically instantaneous: he could react in time to avoid such techniques as Lightning Release Chakra Mode, Kamui, and Evening Elephant, often using the Flying Thunder God Technique in conjunction with his reflexes for these feats.[19][37][38] With only the Body Flicker Technique he could engage an enemy or retrieve an ally before anyone realised what he was doing, often being mistaken for his Flying Thunder God Technique in sheer speed.[39] In the anime, he could arrive at a destination before sensors even had a chance to detect his approach.[40]
Minato had large chakra reserves, enough to summon Gamabunta and teleport Kurama. His chakra control was very refined, evidenced by his creation of the Rasengan. Although he was able to weave hand seals with only one hand,[41] Minato's fighting style revolved around speed and quickly taking down an enemy, so he often excluded traditional time-consuming methods such as hand seals.
Minato was taught by Jiraiya how to summon toads, and was one of the few people to earn the respect and cooperation of Gamabunta.[42] He demonstrated skill and knowledge with barrier ninjutsu[43] and could use the Shadow Clone Technique.[44] Minato had sensory abilities, able to sense chakra signatures from great distances.[45] For closer targets, he could detect everyone within an area by simply placing his finger on the ground.[46] Minato was proficient in several nature transformations: Fire, Wind, Lightning, along with Yin and Yang Release.[4]
After observing the nature of the Tailed Beast Ball,[47] Minato spent three years developing one of his signature techniques: the Rasengan, the highest level of shape transformation.[48] It requires no hand seals to create and, once formed, is self-sustaining, giving him an edge in combat. Although it requires very precise chakra control to use, Minato, as the Rasengan's creator, has mastered it; he can form it with either of his hands in almost no time. Minato's regular Rasengan was the same size as the Big Ball Rasengan.
He had intended to combine the Rasengan with his own chakra nature, but the task was too difficult to complete before his untimely death.[49]
Space–Time Ninjutsu
Minato's signature ability was the Flying Thunder God Technique, which he'd gained mastery of superior to its creator, the Second Hokage.[50] Minato's exploits with this technique, gained him the moniker "Konoha's Yellow Flash".[51] Using the technique, he could instantly move to the location of anything marked with his special seal, whether it's one of his kunai or a place or person he has personally branded. Minato was not limited to teleporting himself, as he could bring others with him, though he needed to provide the chakra for their transport.[52] He did not even need to accompany who or whatever he was teleporting,[53] giving him a defensive option to teleport incoming projectiles away from himself.[54]
Minato had his own special brand of kunai that he used in combat. As standard weapons, Minato would throw them at opponents or wield them as melee tools; the kunai's triple-prong enhanced their offensive potential. He was skilled enough to effectively wield a kunai in his mouth.[55] Their main use came from the Flying Thunder God seals they were marked with, allowing him to teleport to wherever one of the kunai was thrown.[56] He carried a large number of the kunai in the field that he would scatter across a wide area so that he could move around quickly.[57] He even strategically placed a network of kunai around Konoha's outskirts, including at least two safe houses, so that he could respond to threats to the village wherever they occurred. Although his normal tactics with the kunai did not require precision, Minato nevertheless had excellent aim and could coordinate his throws' timing and placement to allow him to perform complex maneuvers.[58]
Minato learned several of the Uzumaki clan's fūinjutsu from Kushina.[59] The most notable of these was the Eight Trigrams Sealing Style he used to seal the Nine-Tails' Yang-half into Naruto, which would allow small amounts of the Nine-Tails' chakra to leak out and naturally mix with Naruto's own.[60] The seal would slowly weaken over time to give Naruto increasing access to its chakra and Minato created a key that could be used to either accelerate or reverse this process. As an extra precaution, he mixed his own and Kushina's chakra into the seal so that, when certain conditions were met, they could help Naruto with his control of the Nine-Tails' power, as well as to enable them to see their son after they were dead.[27]
Other fūinjutsu he could perform included the Dead Demon Consuming Seal, which he had enough familiarity with to know it couldn't be used to seal all of the Nine-Tails' chakra. With the Contract Seal he could remove an opponent's control over any creatures they summoned.[61] He also knew how to transfer a tailed beast from one jinchūriki to another.[62]
Jinchūriki Transformations
Main article: Nine-Tails Chakra Mode
Minato became the jinchūriki of the Nine-Tails' Yin-half shortly before his death, though he had no chance to make use of it until after he was reincarnated. Unlike most tailed beasts, the Nine-Tails offers no resistance to cooperating with Minato, granting him immediate access to Nine-Tails Chakra Mode, which Naruto and his Yang-half was impressed by.[63] Minato's was slightly darker than Naruto's but is otherwise identical in appearance and abilities; he can use chakra arms,[64] enter Tailed Beast Mode, create Tailed Beast Balls,[65] and perform stronger versions of his usual techniques.
Minato later transferred his half of the Nine-Tails to Naruto, thus losing access to its power.
Like Jiraiya, Minato was taught to use senjutsu at Mount Myōboku, enabling him to enhance his physical parameters and techniques by entering Sage Mode.[66] By his own admission, senjutsu is not his strong point, as it takes him too long to gather natural energy and he can't maintain it for very long; for this reason he rarely uses it.[67] Nevertheless, he was able to perfectly balance the natural energy with his chakra, only displaying the pigmentation around his eyes — the true marking of a Sage.
Minato was very observant. Even at a young age, only he, out of all the ninja sent to rescue Kushina, noticed the trail she left behind to mark her kidnappers' path.[11] In combat, he could correctly deduce the basic mechanics behind an ability after seeing it only once, and from there plan around its strengths and weaknesses to his or his allies' advantage.[68] His observational skills extended beyond techniques, as he could determine an opponent's plans and motivations based on only limited evidence.[69] After he had finished analysing, Minato would strike quickly and with precision, attacking vulnerabilities at the most opportune moments.
Part II
Pain's Assault
Main article: Pain's Assault During his fight with Pain, Naruto is nearly tempted by the Nine-Tails to remove its seal. This activates the safeguard Minato placed on the seal, causing his imprint to appear within Naruto's subconscious and stop him. Minato says that he isn't happy to see the Nine-Tails again, but that at the same time admits that its actions have allowed him to see his son. Naruto picks up on this and, having never known his parents' identities, is overjoyed to meet his father. The Nine-Tails keeps threatening to kill Minato while they talk, so he and Naruto relocate.
Naruto is angry that his own father would seal the Nine-Tails within him and punches Minato out of frustration. He quickly gets over it, noting that, as the son of the Fourth Hokage, he can handle it. Minato's time with Naruto is limited so he does a quick run down of the things he has already observed through Naruto: that Pain has destroyed Konoha and killed Jiraiya. Despite what he's done, Minato suggests that Pain is only a symptom of the shinobi system and that he's being taken advantage of by Tobi. Naruto is overwhelmed, unsure if he can forgive Pain or do anything to stop the the cycle of hatred that produced him, but Minato responds that he has faith in Naruto. He restores the Nine-Tails' seal before disappearing.
Main article: Power (Arc) In the anime, when Naruto nearly loses control after his clone absorbs the Nine-Tails' chakra, Minato appears before him again to restore the seal. Once again, Minato voices his confidence in his son and his ability to overcome any adversity.[70]
Fourth Shinobi World War: Climax
Main article: Fourth Shinobi World War: Climax
At the request of Sasuke Uchiha, Orochimaru releases the souls of the first four Hokage from the stomach of the Shinigami so that he can reincarnate them. After taking in their surroundings, the First and Second Hokage are excited to meet Minato, the Fourth, and take him as a sign of the village's prosperity. Minato says he does not know since he died before the Third Hokage did. While Sasuke talks to the First Hokage, Minato detects Naruto's chakra and is glad to sense he has gained full control of the Nine-Tails.
From listening to the four Hokage, Sasuke decides to side against Tobi and Madara Uchiha in the ongoing Fourth Shinobi World War. The Hokage are allowed to help as well, and they set out for the site of the Allied Shinobi Forces' battle with the Ten-Tails. Minato, eager to see Naruto, arrives first, just in time to warp away the Ten-Tails' Tailed Beast Ball, saving Naruto and the Allies. He introduces himself to Sakura Haruno and asks if she is Naruto's girlfriend. Sakura becomes angry when Naruto doesn't deny it, reminding Minato of Kushina. When the other Hokage arrive they jointly erect a barrier to confine the Ten-Tails.
Sometime later, Tobi appears above the Ten-Tails and begins reviving Madara, which the Alliance focuses its efforts on preventing. Minato cannot leave his position or the barrier will fall, so he sends a shadow clone to help. Because Tobi is still branded with the Flying Thunder God seal from their last encounter, the shadow clone is able to teleport to him and strike him down. It is only after he attacks that he realises Tobi is his old student, Obito Uchiha. The attack ends up coming too late and Obito seals the Ten-Tails into himself, becoming its jinchūriki. After Obito destroys the barrier, the First and Second engage him to determine his new abilities, leaving Minato to get everyone else to a safe distance.
Birth of the Ten-Tails' Jinchūriki
Main article: Birth of the Ten-Tails' Jinchūriki
Minato joins the offensive against Obito. He can no longer teleport directly to Obito because the Flying Thunder God seal has disappeared from his body, so he must engage him directly. Just before they clash Obito, having until now struggled to control the Ten-Tails' power, finally masters it and strikes at Minato. He severs Minato's right arm and plants a Truth-Seeking Ball on him, which the Second Hokage removes before it detonates. Minato, the Second, Naruto, and Sasuke coordinate their efforts to attack Obito with Flying Thunder God Mutually Instantaneous Revolving Technique, but Obito emerges without damage. What's more, Minato's arm has not regenerated, indicating that Obito's Truth-Seeking Balls can nullify the advantages of the Impure World Reincarnation.
Obito traps the Alliance in his own barrier and prepares to destroy them all with a barrage of Tailed Beast Balls. With little time to act, Naruto forms a plan: he and Minato link their respective Kurama's chakra – which networks in all of the Allied forces that Naruto has shared its chakra with – and lets Minato teleport all of them out of the barrier. Minato is very impressed by Naruto's quick-thinking and says he wishes he had more of a chance time to talk to him. Naruto explains there's no need as he's already met Kushina and heard everything. Minato is moved to tears with pride.
Having learned that Obito, despite all his new powers, is weak to senjutsu, Minato and Naruto enter Sage Mode to prepare for an assault. They both enter Tailed Beast Mode and attack with a shared Rasengan, breaking Obito's defence and forcing him to manifest the Ten-Tails' tree form. They evade the tree's roots, but Minato's chakra levels are too depleted from all the techniques he has been performing. He is forced to keep his distance and watch as Naruto leads the Allied Shinobi against Obito. When the Alliance starts to strip the tailed beasts from Obito's body, Minato helps Naruto pull out the fragments of Kurama's chakra Obito has taken, and ultimately they succeed.
Obito is unable to move after his defeat and Kakashi moves in to kill him. Minato stops him, having sensed Obito's change of heart while he was removing Kurama's chakra. While Naruto and the Allies leave to confront Madara, Minato and Kakashi stay with Obito. Obito reflects on his actions and decides he has done terrible things, which he wants to make amends for by using the Samsara of Heavenly Life Technique to revive those he's killed. While he is forming the hand seals, Black Zetsu emerges from the ground and takes control of his body. Minato and Kakashi are confused, so Obito explains he has been forced to revive Madara instead. Black Zetsu also tries to take Obito's Rinnegan to deliver to Madara. Minato and Kakashi move to stop it, but can't do anything without harming Obito. Before Black Zetsu assumes full control of his body, Obito pleads with Minato and Kakashi to destroy the Rinnegan at any cost.
Right before Minato can attack, Yin-Kurama alerts him to Naruto's loss of Yang-Kurama. He is soon brought to Minato's side, with Sakura performing emergency life support and Gaara explaining that the only chance of saving Naruto's life is if he is given Yin-Kurama. Just as Minato starts the transfer, Black Zetsu intercepts him and takes Yin-Kurama for itself. Madara arrives immediately afterwards, now the Ten-Tails' new jinchūriki and intent on taking Obito's Rinnegan. Minato enters Sage Mode and attacks him alongside Kakashi, but they are easily repelled and Minato loses his other arm. Before Madara can take what he wants, Obito reasserts control of his body and, with some help from Kakashi, escapes with Naruto and Sakura using Kamui.
Might Guy arrives, ready to give his life to defeat Madara. With his energy and arms gone, Minato can do very little to help directly, but he can at least give Guy an opening. He instructs Rock Lee to throw one of his Flying Thunder God Kunai at Madara's Truth-Seeking Orbs, which Minato teleports to in order to catch several and escape with them, allowing Guy to initiate his assault. Minato, meanwhile, teleports to the Hokage Monument where he remains with the inert Truth Seeking Balls. He later witnesses the others' failure when the Infinite Tsukuyomi is cast and Konoha's villagers are entwined by the God: Nativity of a World of Trees. He attempts to cut some people from the tree, but has no success as another branch simply forms and imprisons them again.
Kaguya Ōtsutsuki Strikes
Main article: Kaguya Ōtsutsuki Strikes
Minato returns to the battlefield and reunites with the other Hokage, the only ones unaffected by the Infinite Tsukuyomi. As they try to figure out what they can do to help, the four Hokage are met by the spirit of the Sage of the Six Paths, who recruits their help. Combining efforts with the spirits of the other deceased Kage, they summon Naruto, Sasuke, Kakashi, Sakura, Madara, and the tailed beasts back from Kaguya's dimension. Minato congratulates Naruto on finally ending the war and wishes him a happy seventeenth birthday. Happy with his son's prospects for the future, Minato and the other Kage are returned to the afterlife by the Sage of the Six Paths.
After Minato died, the Third Hokage reported to the villagers Minato's last request that Naruto be regarded as a hero. Very few were able to separate their hatred of the Nine-Tails from Naruto, prompting the Third to forbid anyone from speaking of the Nine-Tails, hoping that the younger generation would not blindly hate Naruto as the rest of the villagers did.[28] He also concealed Naruto's relation to Minato in order to keep him safe from his father's enemies,[71] and otherwise did his best to give Naruto a comfortable life. For years Naruto did not know his parents' identities, and neither did most of Konoha.
Even when he was not aware of his relation to Minato, Naruto still greatly admired the Fourth Hokage, considering him a hero who gave his life for the village[72] and becoming overjoyed whenever their similarities were remarked upon.[9][73] Before Naruto left Konoha to begin his training with Jiraiya, he looked at the Fourth Hokage's face on the Hokage Monument and asked him to look after him.[74] After learning that Minato was his father, Naruto took pride in it and felt it was his responsibility to makes his parents' sacrifices worth it.[75]
With Minato's death, the Third was forced to resume his position as Hokage, a role he filled until his death, never being able to find a replacement of Minato's calibre. Minato himself became regarded as the village's hero,[72] and, indeed, one of the greatest ninja Konoha had ever produced,[33] so much so that villagers would regret his death whenever tragedy struck the village.[36] Because Minato was never able to tell anyone what happened during the Nine-Tails' attack, villagers came to their own conclusions and the Uchiha were suspected of the act, creating ill-will that would culminate in the Uchiha Clan Downfall. Jiraiya recognised that Minato would not have sealed the Nine-Tails into his own son unless he had a good reason and that Minato intended Naruto to gain control of the Nine-Tails, but he could never conclude why.[29]
Posthumously, he and Kushina became the grandparents of Naruto and Hinata's children, Boruto and Himawari Uzumaki.
In Other Media
Naruto Shippūden the Movie: The Lost Tower
Main article: Naruto Shippūden the Movie: The Lost Tower
Twenty years in the past, Minato and Kakashi are part of a team sent to Rōran to stop Mukade, a missing-nin from the future, from using the Source of the Ryūmyaku to make a Puppet Army that will conquer the Five Great Shinobi Countries. When they arrive in Rōran they meet Naruto, who Minato realises is also from the future. Minato tries to get Naruto to leave so that he won't tell them anything that will change the future. However, Naruto believes Minato and his team mean to kill the Queen of Rōran, Sāra, and attacks them until he recognises Minato as the Fourth Hokage.
In the interest of preventing Naruto from saying anything else about events that haven't happened yet, Minato instructs him to protect Sāra, also giving him a Flying Thunder God Kunai just in case. When Naruto and Sāra later fight Mukade, Minato and his team arrive to help. Mukade fuses with his puppets, becoming a giant puppet monster using the Ryūmyaku's power. While Sāra tries to cut off the Ryūmyaku at its source, Minato and Naruto attack him, the former being surprised when the latter uses Rasengan. The attack fails and Naruto is left exhausted, so Minato lends him some of his own and advises him on where Mukade's weak points are. Realising that Naruto is his son and that they therefore have similar chakra, they are able to create the Supreme Ultimate Rasengan and defeat Mukade.
After Minato seals off the Ryūmyaku completely, Naruto begins to glow as he starts to return to his own time. Naruto tries to fight it, wanting to talk to Minato and warn him about what will happen, but Minato refuses. Naruto asks if there is at least a chance that Minato is his father, to which Minato responds that if he ever had a son, he wishes he would be just like Naruto. Naruto smiles and sheds tears of joy before being sent back to the future. Minato wipes everyone's memory so that their meeting Naruto won't change the future.
Road to Ninja: Naruto the Movie
Main article: Road to Ninja: Naruto the Movie In the alternate world, Minato never became Hokage and therefore he and Kushina did not die on the night of their son, Menma's, birth. While essentially the same as his real-world counterpart (kind, courageous, and dutiful), this Minato values his family's safety above all else, choosing to put their well-being before all others.
Video Games
Minato Namikaze is a playable character in the following video games:
Game name | Japanese release | English release |
Naruto Shippūden: Gekitō Ninja Taisen! Special | 2 December 2010 | |
Naruto Shippūden: Ninja Destiny 2 | 24 April 2008 | 15 September 2009 |
Naruto Shippūden: Ninja Destiny 3 | 28 April 2009 | |
Naruto Shippūden: Ultimate Ninja 4 | 5 April 2007 | 24 March 2009 |
Naruto Shippūden: Ultimate Ninja 5 | 20 December 2007 | 27 November 2009 |
Naruto Shippūden: Ultimate Ninja Heroes 3 | 10 December 2009 | 11 May 2010 |
Naruto Shippūden: Ultimate Ninja Impact | 20 October 2011 | 18 October 2011 |
Naruto Shippūden: Ultimate Ninja Storm 2 | 21 October 2010 | 19 October 2010 |
Naruto Shippūden: Ultimate Ninja Storm 3 | 18 April 2013 | 5 March 2013 |
Naruto Shippūden: Ultimate Ninja Storm 4 | 2015 | |
Naruto Shippūden: Ultimate Ninja Storm Generations | 23 February 2012 | 13 March 2012 |
Naruto Shippūden: Ultimate Ninja Storm Revolution | 11 September 2014 | 16 September 2014 |
Naruto: Ultimate Ninja 3 | 22 December 2005 | 25 March 2008 |
Though not a playable character, Minato appears in early instalments of the Ultimate Ninja series as part of Naruto's ultimate technique called "Mysterious Aid Arrives".
The Springtime of Youth wiki has an article about this topic: |
- "Minato" means "harbour" (港) and "Namikaze" means "waves and wind" (波風).
- Minato ranked ninth in the sixth character popularity poll and seventh in the seventh poll.
- Minato's silhouette can be faintly seen in the background of the Naruto Shippūden third opening standing behind Naruto and Sora and under the Nine-Tails, in reference to its attack on Konoha that binds all four characters.
- In Hidden Leaf Village Grand Sports Festival!, Minato suddenly appears in the hallway of the stadium when Naruto is running to the toilets. All of these appearances in this special were only for the comical effect.
- In Naruto Shippūden the Movie: The Lost Tower, Minato's chakra appears to be a light green colour, as opposed to the normal blue.
- According to the databook(s):
- Minato's hobby was reading; Jiraiya's novels were his favourite.
- Minato wished to fight Jiraiya.
- Minato's favourite food was Kushina's homemade cooking.
- Minato completed 847 official missions in total: 122 D-rank, 147 C-rank, 216 B-rank, 323 A-rank, 39 S-rank.
- Minato's favourite phrase was "The fire's shadow illuminates the village" (火の影は里を照らす, Hi no kage wa sato o terasu).
- (About his dreams) "I want everyone in the village to acknowledge me and become a great Hokage!"[7]
- (To Kushina) "Because I know that you're strong, in body and in spirit. But this is a fight between two villages. It's different from other fights, so… I didn't want to lose you."
- (As quoted by Kakashi) "Those who stray from the path of justice have no courage, but under the wing of a strong leader, cowardice cannot survive."[76]
- (To Jiraiya) "You're a man with a true skill… an example we should all follow. I can't think of a finer shinobi than you!"[77]
- (To Kushina about sealing the Nine-Tails inside Naruto) "Have a little faith! He is our son after all!"[78]
- (Last words) "Naruto… This is your dad. Listen… To your motor-mouth mother."[79]
- (To Naruto) "Pain was the one who killed Jiraiya-sensei, but the more I think about it, the more I believe he was killed by that disorder that gave birth to Pain."[80]
- (About Naruto) "These feelings… It's really nostalgic. Even though the situation is so hard… He looks like he could do anything… Right… It feels exactly as if I were with Kushina… That's what it is…"[81]
- ↑ First Databook, page 120
- ↑ Second Databook, pages 146-149
- ↑ Third Databook, page 163
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Fourth Databook, pages 172-175
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Chapter 240, page 11
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Chapter 503, page 17
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Chapter 498, page 13
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Chapter 367, page 11
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Chapter 144, page 4
- ↑ Chapter 503, page 15
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Chapter 498, page 15
- ↑ Chapter 498, page 11
- ↑ Naruto: Shippūden episode 385
- ↑ Naruto: Shippūden episode 360
- ↑ Naruto: Shippūden episode 349
- ↑ Chapter 244
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 Chapter 541, page 8
- ↑ Chapter 543, pages 1-3
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 Chapter 542, pages 12-17
- ↑ Chapter 450, page 15
- ↑ Chapter 562, page 13
- ↑ Naruto: Shippūden episode 351
- ↑ Chapter 382, pages 8-11
- ↑ Chapter 501
- ↑ Chapter 503
- ↑ Chapter 504
- ↑ 27.0 27.1 Chapter 439, page 15
- ↑ 28.0 28.1 Chapter 2, pages 13-14
- ↑ 29.0 29.1 Chapter 370, pages 12-13
- ↑ Chapter 640, pages 9-12
- ↑ Chapter 627, pages 6-7
- ↑ Chapter 634, page 15
- ↑ 33.0 33.1 Chapter 158, page 5
- ↑ Naruto chapter 543-544
- ↑ Naruto chapter 519
- ↑ 36.0 36.1 Chapter 94, page 8
- ↑ Chapter 502, pages 16-17
- ↑ Naruto chapter 669, 14-15
- ↑ Chapter 240, page 8
- ↑ Naruto: Shippūden episode 372
- ↑ Chapter 664, page 11
- ↑ Chapter 96, pages 9-10
- ↑ Chapter 631, pages 9-11
- ↑ Chapter 637, page 14
- ↑ Chapter 620, page 8
- ↑ Chapter 239, pages 16-17
- ↑ Chapter 519, page 16
- ↑ Chapter 151, pages 12-13
- ↑ Chapter 321, pages 9-10
- ↑ Chapter 631, page 8
- ↑ Second Databook, page 266
- ↑ Chapter 503, pages 11-12
- ↑ Chapter 631, pages 8-9
- ↑ Chapter 502, pages 7-8
- ↑ Chapter 669, pages 13
- ↑ Chapter 667, page 13
- ↑ Chapter 242, pages 4-5
- ↑ Chapter 502, pages 15-17
- ↑ Chapter 500, page 3
- ↑ Chapter 91, page 12
- ↑ Chapter 503, page 5
- ↑ Chapter 664, page 14
- ↑ Chapter 631, page 7
- ↑ Chapter 652, page 9
- ↑ Chapter 645
- ↑ Chapter 665, page 11
- ↑ Chapter 667, page 9
- ↑ Chapter 240, page 14
- ↑ Chapter 502, pages 11-12
- ↑ Naruto: Shippūden episode 293
- ↑ Chapter 440, page 5
- ↑ 72.0 72.1 Chapter 1, page 12
- ↑ Chapter 321, page 12
- ↑ Chapter 238, pages 15-16
- ↑ Chapter 440, pages 3-7
- ↑ Chapter 21, page 18
- ↑ Chapter 382, page 11
- ↑ Chapter 503, page 19
- ↑ Chapter 504, pages 12-13
- ↑ Chapter 440, page 13
- ↑ Chapter 645, page 1