text:
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Report from NA49
E-Print Network [OSTI]
The signatures of the onset of deconfinement, found by the NA49 experiment at low SPS energies, are confronted with new results from the Beam Energy Scan (BES) program at BNL RHIC and CERN LHC results. Additionally, new NA49 results on chemical (particle ratio) fluctuations, azimuthal angle fluctuations, intermittency of di-pions, etc. are presented.
Katarzyna Grebieszkow; for the NA49 Collaboration
E-Print Network 3.0 - algorithm na ordenacao Sample Search Results
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Historic Houses College of Charleston Summary: Related Deaths 90 Wentworth Street-House 0 0 NA NA NA NA NA NA 92 Wentworth Street-House 0 0 NA NA... NA NA NA NA...
Original article Soybean impairs Na
flour (HSF), or ethanol heat-treated soybean protein concentrate (SPC). The Na+ -dependent glucose co. In conclusion, soybean contains ethanol-sensitive heat-insensitive compounds impairing Na+ -dependent glucose absorption in the jejunum and ileum, and ethanol- and heat-insensitive compounds causing an acute impairment
Boyer, Edmond
LABORATRIOS NA RUA 26 de Novembro, segunda
LABORAT�?RIOS NA RUA 26 de Novembro, segunda IST Alameda Anfiteatro do Complexo Interdisciplinar ORGANIZA�?�?O �?MBITO LABORAT�?RIOS NA RUA IST Breve apresentação dos Laboratórios na Rua uma plataforma universitária, sem fins lucrativos, de voluntariado e intervenção social LABORAT�?RIOS NA RUA IST Exemplos de
Instituto de Sistemas e Robotica
2012 Annual Workforce Analysis and Staffing Plan Report - NNSA NA-00 and NA-10
Broader source: Energy.gov (indexed) [DOE]
Last printed 1/24/2013 10:50:00 AM Page 1 of 12 Last printed 1/24/2013 10:50:00 AM Page 1 of 12 Part 1. NA-00/NA-10/NA-15 Input Annual Workforce Analysis and Staffing Plan Report As of December 31, 2012 Reporting Offices: NNSA NA-10 HQ (including NA-15 inputs) and NA-00 (while transitioning to new organizational structure) Section One: Current Mission(s) of the Organization and Potential Changes NNSA Mission: To strengthen United States security through the military application of nuclear energy. NNSA Vision: To be an integrated nuclear security enterprise operating an efficient and agile nuclear weapons complex, recognized as preeminent in technical leadership and program management. Organizational Changes: NNSA is in the final phase of another re-organization that will split NA- 10 and establish an independent office, NA-00, to oversee the NNSA sites and other non-weapons-
New Improved Equations For Na-K, Na-Li And Sio2 Geothermometers By Outlier
Open Energy Info (EERE)
Improved Equations For Na-K, Na-Li And Sio2 Geothermometers By Outlier Improved Equations For Na-K, Na-Li And Sio2 Geothermometers By Outlier Detection And Rejection Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Journal Article: New Improved Equations For Na-K, Na-Li And Sio2 Geothermometers By Outlier Detection And Rejection Details Activities (1) Areas (1) Regions (0) Abstract: We present new improved equations for three still widely used Na/K, Na/Li and SiO2 geothermometers (obtained by statistical treatment of the data and application of outlier detection and rejection as well as theory of error propagation) and compare them with those by Fournier and others. New equations are also developed for estimating errors associated with the use of these new geothermometric equations and comparing them with the performance of the original equations. The errors in the use of the new
Um novo paradigma na medicina DESENVOLVEU UMA METODOLOGIA DISRUPTIVA BASEADA NA INTEGRAO DE AVANADAS TECNOLOGIAS
Um novo paradigma na medicina do coração DESENVOLVEU UMA METODOLOGIA DISRUPTIVA BASEADA NA M�?DICOS A MELHORAR DIAGN�?STICOS NA MEDICINA DO CORA�?�?O. #12;Depois do aperfeiçoamento das tecnologias pa medicina. A utilização dos resultados da genéti- ca como meio auxiliar de diagnóstico clínico é já uma
Na double-edge magneto-optic filter for Na lidar profiling of wind and temperature in the
proposed by one of the authors (Williams), originating from the Na magneto-optic filter in solar-edge magneto-optic fil- ter (Na-DEMOF). It has advantages over the FPIs and iodine filters because of its magnetic field across the Na cell causes the Zeeman splitting of Na energy levels, which shifts
Chu, Xinzhao
Second Sound in NaF
Science Journals Connector (OSTI)
Propagation of heat pulses in NaF has been studied to higher temperatures in a purer crystal than studied by McNelly et al. At the highest temperatures the second-sound velocity fails to level off at the theoretically predicted limiting value.
Howard E. Jackson; Charles T. Walker; Thomas F. McNelly
master's degree NaNotechNology
master's degree NaNotechNology When choosing a Master's programme, it is wise to look one step topical, incorporating the latest developments in applied physics, nanotechnology, chemical engineering projects will be carried out at the MESA+ institute for nanotechnology, or the MIRA institute
Twente, Universiteit
DIFFUSION OF Na AND Cs IN MONTMORILLONITE
...Na-montmorillonite, is used to backfill emplacement tunnels (Nagra...the low permeability of the backfill material inhibits the advective...are retained in the bentonite buffer long enough to let radioactive...minerals. Pp. 19-68 in: Handbook of Clay Science (F. Bergaya...
Georg Kosakowski; Sergey V. Churakov; Tres Thoenen
Lattice Dynamics of NaF
The results of an extended calculation of the normal modes of the NaF lattice are presented. Three models have been considered: a "rigid-ion" (RI) model, a "deformation-dipole" model with central F--F- short-range interactions (DDNNN), and a "deformation-dipole" model including both central F--F- interactions and a noncentral component in the first-neighbor, short-range interactions [DDNNN(NC)]. For each of these models we have derived frequency spectra for both 300 and 0�K input parameters, the associated dispersion curves for symmetry directions, Debye characteristic temperatures ?D, moment functions ?D(n), and the Na+ and F- Debye-Waller parameters B1 and B2 and their ratio B1B2. Of the three models, the two DD variations give good agreement with the observed dispersion curves, the DDNNN models being slightly better and giving somewhat closer agreement with the observed B values.
Arnold M. Karo and John R. Hardy
2011 Annual Planning Summary for Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation (NA-20)
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
The ongoing and projected Environmental Assessments and Environmental Impact Statements for 2011 and 2012 within Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation (NA-20).
Technical Design Report, CERN NA63
We summarize the status and plans for the 2015 run for the CERN NA63 collaboration. First, we review the motivation for our proposed experiments with the scheduled Ar18+ beam of Feb/Mar 2015. We also show some slightly updated versions of our calculations that better reflect the experimental situation. Then we turn to a detailed description of the detector setup, focusing on the deployment of the MIMOSA detectors.
Mikkelsen, RE; Wistisen, TN
Multiphonon Optical Spectrum of NaF
The high-frequency exponential wing of the reststrahlen band of NaF is decomposed into a number of N-phonon absorption spectra (N=2,3,4,5) by means of a temperature analysis. Overall agreement of the individual spectra with recent theoretical predictions is good, except for a fairly pronounced structure which indicates particularly strong contributions from certain frequencies of the TO and LO phonon branches.
Thomas F. McNelly and Dieter W. Pohl
Gua para a Sustentabilidade Ambiental na UDC
#12;#12;#12;Guía para a Sustentabilidade Ambiental na UDC #12;Redacción Dolores Árias Vázquez Juan Introdución 23 Indicadores de sustentabilidade 27 O contorno natural e humanizado 35 Caracterización dos Ambientalización curricular 101 Outros servizos da udC relacionados coa sustentabilidade 105 O medio ambiente
Fraguela, Basilio B.
E-Print Network 3.0 - arteriais na cirurgia Sample Search Results
na Universidade de Braslia: Prof. Dr. Csar Augusto... na UnB: Ailson Aristarco de Sousa - Secretrio de Recursos Humanos Adlia Betty Ludovico de Almeida... Corporativa na...
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The effect of Na+ montmorillonite (NaMMT) nanoclay on thermal properties of medium density fiberboard (MDF)
In this study, the potential use of nanotechnology was evaluated to improve the thermal properties of medium density fiberboard (MDF). For this, Na+ montmorillonite (NaMMT) nanoclay was added to urea formaldehyde...
Reza Zahedsheijani; Mehdi Faezipour�
Comparative studies of etching mechanisms of CR-39 in NaOH/H2O and NaOH/ethanol
Comparative studies of etching mechanisms of CR-39 in NaOH/H2O and NaOH/ethanol K.C.C. Tse, D Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Available online 13 May 2007 Abstract The bulk etch rate for CR-39 in NaOH/ethanol accumulates on the surface of CR-39 detector during etching in NaOH/ethanol, which is absent during etching
Yu, K.N.
Gamow-Teller strength in Na23(n,p) and a comparison to Na23(?-,?)
We report measurements of the Na23(n,p) differential cross section at an incident energy of 198 MeV and angles from 0� to 24� using the TRIUMF Charge Exchange Facility. From these data we determine Gamow-Teller (GT) transition probabilities to low lying 1/2+, 3/2+, and 5/2+ Ne23 states and the GT+ strength distribution up to 25 MeV excitation energy. The values of BGT+ to discrete states, and the GT+ strength below 10 MeV, are found to be in reasonable agreement with a full 1s-0d shell model calculation with a normalization factor of about 0.74. The GT+ strength above 10 MeV suggests the removal of strength from lower to higher excitation energies. We also compare the Na23(n,p) data with Na23(?-,?) data and find agreement between the values of BGT+ to discrete levels extracted from the (n,p) and (?-,?) reactions. The general consistency of the (n,p) and (?-,?) data, and the full 1s-0d shell model calculation, give confidence in a recent extraction of the weak pseudoscalar coupling from ?- capture on Na23. Finally, using both ?--decay and ?- capture data, we obtain unit cross sections from the Na23(n,p) measurement.
B. Siebels; T. P. Gorringe; W. P. Alford; J. Bauer; J. Evans; S. El-Kateb; K. P. Jackson; A. Trudel; S. Yen
Partial Pressure of Saturated Sodium Nitrite Vapor over the System NaNO2-NaNO3
The partial pressure of sodium nitrite was measured in the system NaNO2-NaNO3...at temperatures of 798, 823, and 848 K and the logarithm of the NaNO2 pressure was obtained as a function of inverse temperature. Th...
V. I. Glazov; G. P. Dukhanin; M. Kh. Dkhaibe�
Workforce Statistics - NA-30 | National Nuclear Security Administration
National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
NA-30 | National Nuclear Security Administration NA-30 | National Nuclear Security Administration Our Mission Managing the Stockpile Preventing Proliferation Powering the Nuclear Navy Emergency Response Recapitalizing Our Infrastructure Continuing Management Reform Countering Nuclear Terrorism About Us Our Programs Our History Who We Are Our Leadership Our Locations Budget Our Operations Media Room Congressional Testimony Fact Sheets Newsletters Press Releases Speeches Events Social Media Video Gallery Photo Gallery NNSA Archive Federal Employment Apply for Our Jobs Our Jobs Working at NNSA Blog Workforce Statistics - NA-30 Home > About Us > Our Operations > Management and Budget > Office of Civil Rights > Workforce Statistics > Workforce Statistics - NA-30 Workforce Statistics - NA-30 Workforce Statistics - Naval Reactors
Workforce Statistics - NA 1 | National Nuclear Security Administration
| National Nuclear Security Administration | National Nuclear Security Administration Our Mission Managing the Stockpile Preventing Proliferation Powering the Nuclear Navy Emergency Response Recapitalizing Our Infrastructure Continuing Management Reform Countering Nuclear Terrorism About Us Our Programs Our History Who We Are Our Leadership Our Locations Budget Our Operations Media Room Congressional Testimony Fact Sheets Newsletters Press Releases Speeches Events Social Media Video Gallery Photo Gallery NNSA Archive Federal Employment Apply for Our Jobs Our Jobs Working at NNSA Blog Workforce Statistics - NA 1 Home > About Us > Our Operations > Management and Budget > Office of Civil Rights > Workforce Statistics > Workforce Statistics - NA 1 Workforce Statistics - NA 1 NA 1 FY12 NA 1 Semi Annual Report
" East North Central",751,"NA",539,650,639,792.21608
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) Indexed Site
" 60 Years or More","NA","NA",451,554,570,655.17061 "Race of Householder1" " White",723,"NA",547,647,670,787.95276 " Black ",869,"NA",579,695,655,735.14449 " Other...
" East North Central",627,"NA",550,553,574,585.28553
" 60 Years or More","NA","NA",460,466,495,493.22529 "Race of Householder1" " White",610,"NA",556,546,581,592.79398 " Black ",734,"NA",581,578,564,564.24899 " Other...
Neutron halos in the Na isotopes
The neutron and proton density distributions of the Na isotopes out to the proton and neutron drip lines are calculated in the spherical Hartree-Fock model with a wide variety of density-dependent Skyrme interactions. The results are compared to recent experimental data for the interaction cross sections and for the rms radii. We discuss the role of the deformed intruder states and the problems associated with predicting the location of the neutron drip line for this mass region. � 1996 The American Physical Society.
B. A. Brown and W. A. Richter
Multiphonon Absorption in NaF
The infrared absorption in NaF at the two CO2 laser wavelengths 10.6 and 9.3 ?m was measured between 4 and 400 K. The results complement the previously measured absorption for higher temperatures, and allow for a detailed comparison with theoretical predictions. The experimental temperature dependence at 10.6 ?m can be excellently fitted by a curve expected for three-phonon processes in the whole temperature range; the absorption at 9.3 ?m fits a mixture of three- and four-phonon processes.
Dieter W. Pohl and Peter F. Meier
Text na web Zprva esitele o vsledcch esen projektu
Text na web Zpr�va esitele o v�sledc�ch esen� projektu ,,Digitalizace a zvysov�n� kvality v�ch pep�nac. 1 #12;Text na web 6. Financn� prostedky pl�novan� na rozs�en� on-line p�stupu do studijn Web of Knowledge, ACM Digital Library, AMS Books Online, MathSciNet, SpringerLink eBooks atd.), kter
Cerveny, Vlastislav
Crnica: "A horta na cidade" (Primavera Ambiental 2013)
Crónica: "A horta na cidade" (Primavera Ambiental 2013) O pasado mércores 10 de abril tivo lugar na con ADEGA. A actividade que leva por título "A horta na cidade" consistiu nunha conferencia a cargo de, Isabel Barrio explicounos os pros e contras dos diferentes tipos de hortas urbanas, dende as máis básicas
Experimentally determined dissolution kinetics of Na-rich borosilicate...
Experimentally determined dissolution kinetics of Na-rich borosilicate glass at far from equilibrium conditions: Implications Experimentally determined dissolution kinetics of...
Crnica I Encontro Solar na UDC O pasado mrcores 24 de abril tivo lugar na Praza da Fraga (Campus da
Crónica I Encontro Solar na UDC O pasado mércores 24 de abril tivo lugar na Praza da Fraga (Campus da Zapateira) a primeira edición do Encontro Solar na UDC. Esta era a terceira das actividades exposición de aparellos solares, un obradoiro de gastronomía solar, un Roteiro solar pola UDC e un mercadiño
Supporting Information Electric Field Reversal of Na2SO4, (NH4)2SO4, and Na2CO3 relative to CaCl2
water 1 M Na2 CO3 1 M Na2 SO4 1 M (NH4 )2 SO4 2 M CaCl2 2 M NaCl Re (2) (a.u.) Incident Infrared (cm -1.8 M CaCl2, 1.8 M NaCl, 1.1 M Na2CO3, 1.1 M Na2SO4, and 1.1 M (NH4)2SO4 salt solutions. ExperimentalS1 Supporting Information Electric Field Reversal of Na2SO4, (NH4)2SO4, and Na2CO3 relative to CaCl
Branching ratios for the beta decay of Na-21
We have measured the beta-decay branching ratio for the transition from Na-21 to the first excited state of Ne-21. A recently published test of the standard model, which was based on a measurement of the beta-nu correlation in the decay of Na-21...
Iacob, V. E.; Hardy, John C.; Gagliardi, Carl A.; Goodwin, J.; Nica, N.; Park, H. I.; Tabacaru, G.; Trache, L.; Tribble, Robert E.; Zhai, Y.; Towner, I. S.
Influence of Salt Purity on Na+ and Palmitic Acid Interactions
frequency generation (VSFG) spectroscopy. Ultrapure (UP) and ACS grade NaCl salts are used for aqueous the interfacial water structure. These results suggest that the alkali salt grade even after pretreatment to many chemical, biochemical, and atmospheric processes.1-8 Particularly, Na+ and K+ , as the two most
Topical Review Voltage Dependence of the Na/K Pump
or ``ion well'' hy- pothesis. There are only two ways that net transport can be voltage dependent. Either of the external Na+ and K+ bind- ing sites within the membrane field. This access channel or ``ion well produced by applying a blocking Key words: Na,K-ATPase -- Membrane potential -- Access channel -- Ion well
Gadsby, David
Workforce Statistics - NA 20 | National Nuclear Security Administration
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Workforce Statistics - NA 40 | National Nuclear Security Administration
40 | National Nuclear Security Administration 40 | National Nuclear Security Administration Our Mission Managing the Stockpile Preventing Proliferation Powering the Nuclear Navy Emergency Response Recapitalizing Our Infrastructure Continuing Management Reform Countering Nuclear Terrorism About Us Our Programs Our History Who We Are Our Leadership Our Locations Budget Our Operations Media Room Congressional Testimony Fact Sheets Newsletters Press Releases Speeches Events Social Media Video Gallery Photo Gallery NNSA Archive Federal Employment Apply for Our Jobs Our Jobs Working at NNSA Blog Workforce Statistics - NA 40 Home > About Us > Our Operations > Management and Budget > Office of Civil Rights > Workforce Statistics > Workforce Statistics - NA 40 Workforce Statistics - NA 40 NA40 FY12 NA 40 Semi Annual Report
Workforce Statistics - NA 10 | National Nuclear Security Administration
0 | National Nuclear Security Administration 0 | National Nuclear Security Administration Our Mission Managing the Stockpile Preventing Proliferation Powering the Nuclear Navy Emergency Response Recapitalizing Our Infrastructure Continuing Management Reform Countering Nuclear Terrorism About Us Our Programs Our History Who We Are Our Leadership Our Locations Budget Our Operations Media Room Congressional Testimony Fact Sheets Newsletters Press Releases Speeches Events Social Media Video Gallery Photo Gallery NNSA Archive Federal Employment Apply for Our Jobs Our Jobs Working at NNSA Blog Workforce Statistics - NA 10 Home > About Us > Our Operations > Management and Budget > Office of Civil Rights > Workforce Statistics > Workforce Statistics - NA 10 Workforce Statistics - NA 10 NA 10 FY12 NA 10 Semi Annual Report
Otoczenie spoleczne i jego wplyw na wyniki ekonomiczne przedsibiorstwa na przykladzie instytucji nonprofit wiadczcej uslugi lecznicze i rehabilitacyjne.
_wyniki_ekonomiczne_przedsi_biorstwa_na_przyk_adzie_instytucji_nonpr ofit_wiadcz_cej_us_ugi_lecznicze_i_rehabilitacyjne_autorstwa_K_Szagdaja_A_Miks a/888478 Recenzja 2: N_wyniki_ekonomiczne_przedsi_biorstwa_na_przyk_adzie_instytucji_nonpr ofit_wiadcz_cej_us_ugi_lecznicze_i_rehabilitacyjne_autorstwa_K_Szagdaja_Recenzj a_2_N_Wenc_a/888477 hal
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
On the 21Na(p,gamma)22Mg thermonuclear rate for 22Na production in novae
Classical novae are potential sources of gamma-rays, like the 1.275 MeV gamma emission following 22Na beta decay, that could be detected by appropriate instruments on board of future satellites like INTEGRAL. It has been shown that the production of 22Na by novae is affected by the uncertainty on the 21Na(p,gamma)22Mg rate and in particular by the unknown partial widths of the Ex = 5.714 MeV, J^pi = 2^+, 22Mg level. To reduce these uncertainties, we performed shell model calculations with the OXBASH code, compared the results with available spectroscopic data and calculated the missing partial widths. Finally, we discuss the influence of these results on the 21Na(p,gamma)22Mg reaction rate and 22Na synthesis.
Nadya A. Smirnova; Alain Coc
EA-372 GDF Suez Energy Marketing NA, Inc. | Department of Energy
2 GDF Suez Energy Marketing NA, Inc. EA-372 GDF Suez Energy Marketing NA, Inc. Order authorizing GDF Suez Energy Marketing NA, Inc. to export electric energy to Canada EA-372 GDF...
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de maior intensidade e freqncia esto na periferia das placas tectnicas. O Brasil se situa numa... posio privilegiada, ou seja, na poro central da Placa...
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Na ltima dcada, o Projeto Peixes de Bonito junto com vrias... universidades do Brasil e do exterior revelaram numerosos achados. Os mais recentes aconteceram na Expedio...
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na ciencia Search Powered by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: aceleradores na ciencia Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 ARTIGO INTERNET Aceleradores...
Low-Frequency Dielectric Constant of LiF, NaF, NaCl, NaBr, KCl, and KBr by the Method of Substitution
The 1000-Hz 300�K dielectric constants of some alkali halides were measured to an accuracy of 0.01% by the method of substitution. Reproducibly different values for various crystals of the same type were obtained which varied beyond the experimental error. The ranges of results for various crystals of each type measured are LiF, 9.0355-9.0360; NaF, 5.0719-5.0722; NaCl, 5.8940-5.8956; NaBr, 6.3957-6.3974; KCl, 4.8112-4.8182; and KBr, 4.8735-4.8762. The spread for each type of crystal is thought to be attributable to random trace impurities. The numbers are discussed in the light of past values.
Carl Andeen; John Fontanella; Donald Schuele
ON RACK COHOMOLOGY P. ETINGOF & M. GRA"NA Abstract.We prove that the lower bounds for Betti numbers of the rack, qu-theoretical interpretation of t* *he second cohomology group for racks. 1.Introduction
Graña, Matías
Surface-polishing process for NaI crystals
SciTech Connect (OSTI)
Darkening of large arrays of NaI used in high energy physics experiments at SLAC has prompted an investigation of methods for annealing radiation damage. As part of this research, it has been necessary to repolish the flat faces of the NaI crystals. The final polishing parameters are given in this document as well as an indication of some techniques which did not work.
Francis, J.
Nuclear Double Resonance Study of Na First-Order Quadrupole Splittings in a NaF-LiF Mixed Crystal
A nuclear magnetic double resonance experiment has been performed to measure the high-field first-order quadrupole splittings of Na23 nuclei located in the vicinity of Li+ substitutional impurities in a single crystal of NaF. The observed quadrupole-shifted frequency of those Na23 nuclei located at (1,0,1)-type sites [relative to the Li+ impurity at the (0,0,0) lattice site] was e2qQh=�(544�10) kHz with an asymmetry parameter ?=0.65�0.05. For those Na23 nuclei at (0,0,2)-type sites, e2qQh=�(856�10) kHz with ?=0. The values of eq and ? thus obtained are compared with theoretical calculations. A mathematical analysis of the high-field double resonance process as it applies to rare, quadrupole-interacting nuclei is also presented.
Kyler F. Nelson and W. D. Ohlsen
A Complete Basis Set Estimate of Cation-p Bond Strengths: Na+(ethylene) and Na+(benzene)
Large scale second order perturbation theory and couple cluster theory calculations were performed on the Na+(ethylene) and Na+(benzene) complexes in an effort to estimate binding enthalpies in the complete basis set limit. The resulting best estimates are DH0[Na+(ethylene)] = -13.7 ? 0.2 kcal/mol and DH0[Na+(benzene)] = -23.9 ? 0.3 kcal/mol, which include small corrections for core/valence correlation effects. The former value can be compared to a measurement of -10.3 ? 1.0 kcal/mol obtained from collision induced dissociation, while the latter value is approximately midway between the two existing experimental values which differed by 6.5 kcal/mol. For the basis sets considered in this study, the counterpoise-corrected binding energies were found to be in much worse agreement with the complete basis set limit than the raw values.
Feller, David F.
Effects of Point Defects and Impurities on Kinetics in NaAlH4
Alanate * Viable hydrogen storage material (5.6 wt%) NaAlH 4 13 Na 3 AlH 6 + 23 Al + H 2 Na 3 AlH 6 3 NaH + Al + 32 H 2 * But: reactions slow - Only happen at too...
" East North Central",9.3,"NA",10.1,10.7,11.6,11.85822
" 60 Years or More","NA","NA",7.9,8.5,9.3,9.47261 "Race of Householder1" " White",9.3,"NA",10.2,10.6,11.5,11.86841 " Black ",9.8,"NA",10.8,11.2,11.2,12.05862 " Other...
" East North Central",21.3,"NA",26,27.6,29,32.4
" 60 Years or More","NA","NA",14.3,23.1,24.9,30.3 "Race of Householder1" " White",115.3,"NA",132.2,135.3,138.6,149.5 " Black ",11,"NA",10.6,12.8,11.2,16.6 " Other...
8NA28091 8NA28091 [Submit in Volume I, TAB 2] Attachment L-1 Page 1 of 4 CORPORATE, PARTNERSHIP, JOINT VENTURE CERTIFICATES If the offer is submitted by a corporation, partnership or a Joint Venture, the applicable form provided on the following pages must be completed and submitted in Volume I of the proposal. In the alternative, other evidence must be submitted to substantiate the authority of the person signing the offer. If a corporation, the same officer shall not execute both the offer and the certificate. DE-RP52-08NA28091 [Submit in Volume I, TAB 2] Attachment L-1 Page 2 of 4 CORPORATE CERTIFICATE I, _______________________________________________, certify that I am the Secretary of the
Measurement of low-energy Na^+ -- Na total collision rate in an ion--neutral hybrid trap
We present measurements of the total elastic and resonant charge-exchange ion-atom collision rate coefficient $k_\\mathrm{ia}$ of cold sodium (\\ce{Na}) with optically-dark low energy \\ce{Na+} ions in a hybrid ion-neutral trap. To determine $k_\\mathrm{ia}$, we measured the trap loading and loss from both a \\ce{Na} magneto-optical trap (MOT) and a linear radio frequency quadrupole Paul trap. We found the total rate coefficient to be $7.4 \\pm 1.9 \\times 10^{-8}$ cm$^3$/s for the type I \\ce{Na} MOT immersed within an $\\approx 140$ K ion cloud and $1.10 \\pm 0.25 \\times 10^{-7}$ cm$^3$/s for the type II \\ce{Na} MOT within an $\\approx 1070$ K ion cloud. Our measurements show excellent agreement with previously reported theoretical fully quantal \\textit{ab initio} calculations. In the process of determining the total rate coefficient, we demonstrate that a MOT can be used to probe an optically dark ion cloud's spatial distribution within a hybrid trap.
Goodman, D S; Kwolek, J M; Bl�mel, R; Narducci, F A; Smith, W W
Investigation of thermonuclear $^{18}$Ne($?$,$p$)$^{21}$Na rate via resonant elastic scattering of $^{21}$Na+$p$
The $^{18}$Ne($\\alpha$,$p$)$^{21}$Na reaction is thought to be one of the key breakout reactions from the hot CNO cycles to the rp-process in type I x-ray bursts. In this work, the resonant properties of the compound nucleus $^{22}$Mg have been investigated by measuring the resonant elastic scattering of $^{21}$Na+$p$. An 89 MeV $^{21}$Na radioactive beam delivered from the CNS Radioactive Ion Beam Separator bombarded an 8.8 mg/cm$^2$ thick polyethylene (CH$_{2}$)$_{n}$ target. The $^{21}$Na beam intensity was about 2$\\times$10$^{5}$ pps, with a purity of about 70% on target. The recoiled protons were measured at the center-of-mass scattering angles of $\\theta_{c.m.}$$\\approx$175.2${^\\circ}$, 152.2${^\\circ}$, and 150.5${^\\circ}$ by three sets of $\\Delta E$-$E$ telescopes, respectively. The excitation function was obtained with the thick-target method over energies $E_x$($^{22}$Mg)=5.5--9.2 MeV. In total, 23 states above the proton-threshold in $^{22}$Mg were observed, and their resonant parameters were determined via an $R$-matrix analysis of the excitation functions. We have made several new $J^{\\pi}$ assignments and confirmed some tentative assignments made in previous work. The thermonuclear $^{18}$Ne($\\alpha$,$p$)$^{21}$Na rate has been recalculated based on our recommended spin-parity assignments. The astrophysical impact of our new rate has been investigated through one-zone postprocessing x-ray burst calculations. We find that the $^{18}$Ne($\\alpha$,$p$)$^{21}$Na rate significantly affects the peak nuclear energy generation rate, reaction fluxes, as well as the onset temperature of this breakout reaction in these astrophysical phenomena.
L. Y. Zhang; J. J. He; A. Parikh; S. W. Xu; H. Yamaguchi; D. Kahl; S. Kubono; P. Mohr; J. Hu; P. Ma; S. Z. Chen; Y. Wakabayashi; H. W. Wang; W. D. Tian; R. F. Chen; B. Guo; T. Hashimoto; Y. Togano; S. Hayakawa; T. Teranishi; N. Iwasa; T. Yamada; T. Komatsubara; Y. H. Zhang; X. H. Zhou
Velocity of Second Sound in NaF
The velocity of drifting second sound and the heat capacity per unit volume are calculated for NaF for temperatures from 0 to 40 �K. The velocity of second sound decreases by 24% as the temperature is increased from 10 to 30 �K, because of the dispersion of the phonon frequency spectrum.
Robert J. Hardy and S. S. Jaswal
AMERINDIA n35, 2011 La nominalisation en kali'na
'na est une langue relativement bien connue grâce aux travaux de Hoff sur le Carib du Surinam (variété du origine commune. Par ailleurs, Hoff (2009) décrit, pour le Carib du Surinam, les constructions
BIOLOGICAL SAFETY O N/A Biosafety Cabinets
: _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ RADIATION SAFETY O N/A ___RS-1 Radioactive Material Inventory / Use Logs out of date ___RS-2 Radioactive Material waste inventory cards improperly filled out ___RS-3 Stock radioactive material not secure ___RS-4 __Accelerator __PressureVessels __HiReactMaterials __Rad Material __PwIndV / __PwTools __>55g Oil __X
Entekhabi, Dara
Grant Title: STARR FOUNDATION Funding Opportunity Number: N/A
Grant Title: STARR FOUNDATION Funding Opportunity Number: N/A Agency/Department: Starr Foundation Grants Program. Area of Research: The foundation makes grants in the following areas: education, medicine and post-secondary schools. Grants for medicine and health care include capital grants to hospitals
Farritor, Shane
Exploring Neutron-Rich Oxygen Isotopes with MoNA
The Modular Neutron Array (MoNA) was used in conjunction with a large-gap dipole magnet (Sweeper) to measure neutron-unbound states in oxygen isotopes close to the neutron dripline. While no excited states were observed in 24O, a resonance at 45(2) keV above the neutron separation energy was observed in 23O.
N. Frank; T. Baumann; D. Bazin; J. Brown; P. A. DeYoung; J. E. Finck; A. Gade; J. Hinnefeld; R. Howes; J. -L. Lecouey; B. Luther; W. A. Peters; H. Scheit; A. Schiller; M. Thoennessen
Investigation of thermonuclear $^{18}$Ne($\\alpha$,$p$)$^{21}$Na rate via resonant elastic scattering of $^{21}$Na+$p$
The $^{18}$Ne($\\alpha$,$p$)$^{21}$Na reaction is thought to be one of the key breakout reactions from the hot CNO cycles to the rp-process in type I x-ray bursts. In this work, the resonant properties of the compound nucleus $^{22}$Mg have been investigated by measuring the resonant elastic scattering of $^{21}$Na+$p$. An 89 MeV $^{21}$Na radioactive beam delivered from the CNS Radioactive Ion Beam Separator bombarded an 8.8 mg/cm$^2$ thick polyethylene (CH$_{2}$)$_{n}$ target. The $^{21}$Na beam intensity was about 2$\\times$10$^{5}$ pps, with a purity of about 70% on target. The recoiled protons were measured at the center-of-mass scattering angles of $\\theta_{c.m.}$$\\approx$175.2${^\\circ}$, 152.2${^\\circ}$, and 150.5${^\\circ}$ by three sets of $\\Delta E$-$E$ telescopes, respectively. The excitation function was obtained with the thick-target method over energies $E_x$($^{22}$Mg)=5.5--9.2 MeV. In total, 23 states above the proton-threshold in $^{22}$Mg were observed, and their resonant parameters were determ...
Zhang, L Y; Parikh, A; Xu, S W; Yamaguchi, H; Kahl, D; Kubono, S; Mohr, P; Hu, J; Ma, P; Chen, S Z; Wakabayashi, Y; Wang, H W; Tian, W D; Chen, R F; Guo, B; Hashimoto, T; Togano, Y; Hayakawa, S; Teranishi, T; Iwasa, N; Yamada, T; Komatsubara, T; Zhang, Y H; Zhou, X H
Thermal stability of the endohedral fullerenes NaC60, NaC70, and PaC60
Nitrogen and phosphorus atoms enclosed in fullerenes keep their atomic ground-state configuration, and no charge transfer or covalent bonding to the cage occurs. These systems can be dissolved in organic solvents and reacted with addends without losing the atomic character of the guest atom. In this paper, we present a detailed study of the annealing behavior of NaC60, NaC70, PaC60, and of some NaC60 adducts. The disintegration of these systems, as recorded by electron paramagnetic resonance measurements, occurs in the temperature range between 400 K and 600 K. The results are in qualitative agreement with potential energy calculations and confirm the proposed escape mechanism that proceeds via bond formation of the trapped atom with the cage. It is found that other combinations of group-V elements with fullerenes, e.g., NaC84, PaC70, and AsaC60 are not stable at room temperature. The escape mechanism and the possibility of disabling this path are discussed.
M. Waiblinger; K. Lips; W. Harneit; A. Weidinger; E. Dietel; A. Hirsch
Adsorptive removal of tetrahydrothiophene (THT) and tert-butylmercaptan (TBM) using Na-Y and AgNa-Y zeolites for fuel cell applications
Adsorptive removal of tetrahydrothiophene (THT) and tert-butylmercaptan (TBM) that are widely used sulfur odorants in pipeline natural gas was studied using AgNa-Y zeolites at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. The AgNa-Y were obtained via Ag+-exchange with Na+ of Na-Y at various exchange levels, and the contributions of formed adsorption sites (Ag+, Na+, Ag0, H+, and Ag2O) in the THT and TBM adsorption uptake and selectivity were characterized. THT adsorption strength on these sites followed an order of Ag+�>�Na+�?�Ag0�>�H+�>�Ag2O. The adsorption strength of THT on Na+ sites was sufficiently high, thus an increase in the Ag+-exchange level did not lead to a notable increase in the breakthrough THT uptake. Differently, adsorption of TBM on Na+ sites was weak, whereas that on Ag+ sites was strong. This resulted in a marked increase in the breakthrough TBM uptake with an increase in the Ag+-exchange level, showing an order of magnitude higher uptake on AgNa-Y compared with that on Na-Y. Noticeably, the adsorption strength of THT on these adsorption sites was higher than that of TBM. This resulted in an almost 100% adsorption selectivity for THT over TBM, when these two sulfur species coexisted in the feed stream.
Doohwan Lee; Eun-Yong Ko; Hyun Chul Lee; Soonho Kim; Eun Duck Park
E-Print Network 3.0 - atmosfera controlada na Sample Search Results
for: atmosfera controlada na Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 coleo explorando o ensino o brasil e o meio ambiente antrtico Summary: Antrtica pgina 15 Aquecimento global na...
Thin Porous Metal Sheet-Supported NaA Zeolite Membrane for Water...
Thin Porous Metal Sheet-Supported NaA Zeolite Membrane for WaterEthanol Separation. Thin Porous Metal Sheet-Supported NaA Zeolite Membrane for WaterEthanol Separation. Abstract:...
Impact of Biodiesel-Based Na on the Selective Catalytic Reduction...
Impact of Biodiesel-Based Na on the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) of NOx Using Cu-zeolite Impact of Biodiesel-Based Na on the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) of NOx Using...
Postdoctoral positions fall/winter 2014 Na,K-ATPase turnover and ATP dependence.
Postdoctoral positions fall/winter 2014 Na,K-ATPase turnover and ATP and consumption of ATP in relation to Na,K- ATPase activity in neurons and renal epithelial cell systems. Develop
Haviland, David
E-Print Network 3.0 - anos na cidade Sample Search Results
A juventude no o impediu de seguir para a EADS, empresa lder na... disponvel para uso mdico na Europa at 2006. Lus Rocha 38 anos, engenheiro informtico Com 12 anos...
In Situ 13C and 23Na Magic Angle Spinning NMR Investigation of...
In Situ 13C and 23Na Magic Angle Spinning NMR Investigation of Supercritical CO2 Incorporation in Smectite-Natural Organic In Situ 13C and 23Na Magic Angle Spinning NMR...
Low-Angle Neutron Scattering Analysis of Na/K�Atpase in Detergent Solution
The Na/K�ATPase is a membrane-bound enzyme system found in all eucaryotic cells. This enzyme regulates Na and K concentrations and energy metabolism, as well as controlling the transport of other cellular cons...
J. M. Pachence; B. P. Schoenborn; I. S. Edelman
E-Print Network 3.0 - atleta na sociedade Sample Search Results
atleta na sociedade Search Powered by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: atleta na sociedade Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 MAC 5710 -Estruturas de Dados e...
Fiscalizao e Controle: O Poder Legislativo na Argentina e no Brasil Contemporneos
1 Fiscalização e Controle: O Poder Legislativo na Argentina e no Brasil Contemporâneos Charles na Argentina e no Brasil Contemporâneos "La société a le droit de demander compte à tout agent public concentrar-se na análise das novas instituições de controle externo no Brasil e na Argentina, de acordo com o
Na sup + -K sup + -ATPase-dependent sodium flux in cortical collecting tubule
The instantaneous rate of efflux of intracellular Na was studied in rabbit isolated cortical collecting tubules (CCT) as a function of temperature and intracellular Na concentration ((Na){sub i}). (Na){sub i} of microdissected CCT was increased by cold and K-free exposure in the presence of {sup 22}Na and the extracellular tracer ({sup 3}H)sorbitol. (Na){sub i} rose rapidly to 40 mM at 30 min, after which it rose more slowly, reaching 120-140 mM at 6 h. Kinetics of Na efflux were studied after rapid rewarming, using a special device allowing measurements at 20-s intervals. Under control conditions, the total Na load was extruded in <8 min, whereas, in the presence of 10{sup {minus}4} M ouabain, only 50% of the load was extruded during this period of time. Ouabain-sensitive Na efflux was first evident at 13{degree}C and gradually increased between 13 and 35{degree}C. At 37{degree}C, Na{sup +}-K{sup +}-ATPase-dependent Na efflux was dependent on (Na){sub i}. This efflux gradually increased, from 0.05 to 0.5 peq{center dot}nl tubular volume{sup {minus}1}{center dot}s{sup {minus}1} as a function of (Na){sub i} and reached a plateau at 70 mM (Na){sub i}. It is concluded that (Na){sub i} is a major modulator of the pump activity in CCT; at normal levels of (Na){sub i}, the pump is operating at only a small fraction of its total capacity.
Blot-Chabaud, M.; Jaisser, F.; Gingold, M.; Bonvalet, J.P.; Farman, N. (CEntre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay, Gif sur Yvette (France))
Caustic Recycle from Hanford Tank Waste Using Large Area NaSICON Structures (LANS)
This report presents the results of a 5-day test of an electrochemical bench-scale apparatus using a proprietary (NAS-GY) material formulation of a (Na) Super Ion Conductor (NaSICON) membrane in a Large Area NaSICON Structures (LANS) configuration. The primary objectives of this work were to assess system performance, membrane seal integrity, and material degradation while removing Na from Group 5 and 6 tank waste from the Hanford Site.
Fountain, Matthew S.; Sevigny, Gary J.; Balagopal, S.; Bhavaraju, S.
Properties of F Centers in NaF
A weak intensity emission, centered at 785 m?, is identified as the F photoluminescence in NaF. The temperature dependence of photoionization and photoluminescence of F centers is investigated. Two thermal activation energies are found: ?EL=0.06 eV for the photoluminescence, and ?E1=0.12 eV for the photoionization efficiency. The nature of the quenching mechanism of the F luminescence is discussed.
P. Podini
Cosmogenic radionuclide production in NaI(Tl) crystals
The production of long-lived radioactive isotopes in materials due to the exposure to cosmic rays on Earth surface can be an hazard for experiments demanding ultra-low background conditions, typically performed deep underground. Production rates of cosmogenic isotopes in all the materials present in the experimental set-up, as well as the corresponding cosmic rays exposure history, must be both well known in order to assess the relevance of this effect in the achievable sensitivity of a given experiment. Although NaI(Tl) scintillators are being used in experiments aiming at the direct detection of dark matter since the first nineties of the last century, very few data about cosmogenic isotopes production rates have been published up to date. In this work we present data from two 12.5 kg NaI(Tl) detectors, developed in the frame of the ANAIS project, which were installed inside a convenient shielding at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory just after finishing surface exposure to cosmic rays. The very fast start of data taking allowed to identify and quantify isotopes with half-lives of the order of tens of days. Initial activities underground have been measured and then production rates at sea level have been estimated following the history of detectors; values of about a few tens of nuclei per kg and day for Te isotopes and 22Na and of a few hundreds for I isotopes have been found. These are the first direct estimates of production rates of cosmogenic nuclides in NaI crystals. A comparison of the so deduced rates with calculations using typical cosmic neutron flux at sea level and a carefully selected description of excitation functions will be also presented together with an estimate of the corresponding contribution to the background at low and high energies, which can be relevant for experiments aiming at rare events searches.
J. Amar�; S. Cebri�n; C. Cuesta; E. Garc�a; C. Ginestra; M. Mart�nez; M. A. Oliv�n; Y. Ortigoza; A. Ortiz de Sol�rzano; C. Pobes; J. Puimed�n; M. L. Sarsa; J. A. Villar; P. Villar
Benchmarking EUV mask inspection beyond 0.25 NA
The SEMATECH Berkeley Actinic Inspection Tool (AIT) is an EUV-wavelength mask inspection microscope designed for direct aerial image measurements, and pre-commercial EUV mask research. Operating on a synchrotron bending magnet beamline, the AIT uses an off-axis Fresnel zoneplate lens to project a high-magnification EUV image directly onto a CCD camera. We present the results of recent system upgrades that have improved the imaging resolution, illumination uniformity, and partial coherence. Benchmarking tests show image contrast above 75% for 100-nm mask features, and significant improvements and across the full range of measured sizes. The zoneplate lens has been replaced by an array of user-selectable zoneplates with higher magnification and NA values up to 0.0875, emulating the spatial resolution of a 0.35-NA 4 x EUV stepper. Illumination uniformity is above 90% for mask areas 2-{micro}m-wide and smaller. An angle-scanning mirror reduces the high coherence of the synchrotron beamline light source giving measured {sigma} values of approximately 0.125 at 0.0875 NA.
Goldberg, Kenneth A.; Mochi, Iacopo; Anderson, Erik H.; Rekawa, Seno B.; Kemp, Charles D.; Huh, S.; Han, H.-S.; Naulleau, P.; Gunion, R.F.
Actinic EUV mask inspection beyond 0.25 NA
The SEMATECH Berkeley Actinic Inspection Tool (AIT) is an EUV-wavelength mask inspection microscope designed for direct aerial image measurements, and pre-commercial EUV mask research. Operating on a synchrotron bending magnet beamline, the AIT uses an off-axis Fresnel zoneplate lens to project a high-magnification EUV image directly onto a CCD camera. We present the results of recent system upgrades that have improved the imaging resolution, illumination uniformity, and partial coherence. Benchmarking tests show image contrast above 75% for 100-nm mask features, and significant improvements and across the full range of measured sizes. The zoneplate lens has been replaced by an array of user-selectable zoneplates with higher magnification and NA values up to 0.0875, emulating the spatial resolution of a 0.35-NA 4x EUV stepper. Illumination uniformity is above 90% for mask areas 2-{micro}m-wide and smaller. An angle-scanning mirror reduces the high coherence of the synchrotron beamline light source giving measured {sigma} values of approximately 0.125 at 0.0875 NA.
Goldberg, Kenneth A.; Mochi, Iacopo; Anderson, Erik H.; Rekawa, Seno. B.; Kemp, Charles D.; Huh, S.; Han, H.-S.; Naulleau, P.; Huh, S.
Adsorption of NaCl Vapor at Elevated Temperature on Mineral Adsorbents
All adsorbents were crunched and sieved to ?1.00�1.25 mm adsorbent granularity used in the experiments. ... NaCl vapor was adsorbed at 1123 K for 5 h by each adsorbent. ... In the presence of chemical adsorption Na+ and Cl? would selectively adsorb and Na+ and Cl? would exist with a different molecule. ...
Yili Li; Jian Li; Shuiyuan Cheng; Wenjun Liang; Yuquan Jin; Youqing Wu; Jinsheng Gao
Synthesis of na-doped lithium metatitanate and its absorption for carbon dioxide
Na-doped lithium metatitanate (Na-doped Li2TiO3) absorbent was doped with Na2CO3 and lithium metatitanate (Li2TiO3) was prepared by a solid-state reaction method from mixture of TiO2 ...
Liu Zhirong, Zhang Huan, Wang Yun, Zhan Xinxing
mTOR Regulates Lysosomal ATP-Sensitive Two-Pore Na+
mTOR Regulates Lysosomal ATP-Sensitive Two-Pore Na+ Channels to Adapt to Metabolic State Chunlei cytosolic ATP levels is not well understood. Here, we identify an endolysosomal ATP-sensitive Na+ channel (lysoNaATP). The channel is a complex formed by two-pore channels (TPC1 and TPC2), ion channels
Clapham, David E.
E-Print Network 3.0 - ansa-tsirkonotsenov na ikh Sample Search...
Donata Oertel Summary: saline that contained (in mM) 130 NaCl, 3 KCl, 1.2 KH2PO4, 2.4 CaCl2, 1.3 MgSO4, 20 NaHCO3, 3 HEPES... (Tris salt), 4 ATP (Na salt), and 0.3 GTP (tris...
Fairytale Cynicism in the Kingdom of Plastic Bags: Mapping Power and Powerlessness in Chelnochovsk-na-Dniestre, Ukraine
Chelnochovsk-na-Dniestre, Ukraine Diana R. Blank Berkeley PChelnochovsk-na-Dniestre, Ukraine Diana R. Blank Spring 2003emerging ethnography on Ukraine is based, and perhaps, in
Blank, Diana R.
Beta-Gamma-Angular Correlation in Na-20
I r' 2.2 fhm l diameter. The collimators were separated by 5 mm and the second one was located 1.6 mm from the catcher foil. Five catcher foils were attached to a foil holder assembly (see Fig. 1) with a spac- ing of 72' between each foil...-jet technique through a Teflon capillary 1.78 mm in diameter and ~3 m long. The experimental geometry is shown in Fig. 1. The source was produced by depositing the "Na activity on 0.0064 mm aluminized Mylar catcher foils. The source size was defined by a...
Tribble, Robert E.; May, D. P.; Tanner, D. M.
NA Standards | Valence Geometries | Bond Angles-Furanose Rings
angles in Furanose Rings angles in Furanose Rings ----------------------------------------------------- ribose deoxyribose ----------------------------------------------------- angle mean esd N mean esd N value value ----------------------------------------------------- C1'-C2'-C3' 101.5 (0.9, 80) 102.7 (1.4, 47) C2'-C3'-C4' 102.7 (1.0, 80) 103.2 (1.0, 47) C3'-C4'-O4' 105.5 (1.4, 80) 105.6 (1.0, 47) C4'-O4'-C1' 109.6 (0.9, 80) 109.7 (1.4, 47) O4'-C1'-C2' 106.4 (1.4, 80) 106.1 (1.0, 47) C1'-C2'-O2' 110.6 (3.0, 80) na C3'-C2'-O2' 113.3 (2.9, 80) na C2'-C3'-O3' 111.0 (2.8, 80) 110.6 (2.7, 47) C4'-C3'-O3' 110.6 (2.6, 80) 110.3 (2.2, 47) C5'-C4'-C3' 115.5 (1.5, 80) 114.7 (1.5, 47)
Bulk and track etch properties of CR-39 SSNTD etched in NaOH/ethanol
Bulk and track etch properties of CR-39 SSNTD etched in NaOH/ethanol K.F. Chan, F.M.F. Ng, D. described the use of NaOH/ethanol as an etchant for the CR-39 detector, and have determined the corre and track etch properties of CR- 39 in NaOH/ethanol were derived from direct measurements. The bulk etch
Determination of the composition of H2 O-NaCl-CaCl2
Determination of the composition of H2 O-NaCl-CaCl2 fluid inclusions based on microthermometric fluids in which NaCl and CaCl2 are the two most abundant salts and which may be adequately described by the system H2 O-NaCl-CaCl2 are common in many geologic environments. The best source of information
Bodnar, Robert J.
2012 Annual Workforce Analysis and Staffing Plan Report - NNSA NA-40
2 2 Reporting Office: NNSA NA-40 Section One - Current Mission (s) of the Organization and Potential Changes. 1. The Office of Emergency Operations (NA-40) administers and directs DOE and NNSA programs for emergency response capabilities to ensure availability and viability to respond to emergencies at DOE and NNSA facilities and field sites, and to nuclear and radiological emergencies within the United States and abroad. NA-40 is also responsible for the development of Departmental policy and guidance, technical assistance, and supporting implementation of emergency management planning, preparedness, readiness assurance, and response activities within DOE and NNSA. 2. NA-40 has no nuclear or radiological facilities under its cognizance; however,
E-Print Network 3.0 - agem na demanda Sample Search Results
Collection: Mathematics 2 Descrio original: Chaetodon tricolor Bloch, 1795, tipo do Brasil. CARACTERSTICAS DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS Summary: filamento na extremidade de cada lobo,...
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Sciences 2 Analise de formas representadas por marcos Summary: oria Natural do Brasil", 23) 2.2 Tipos de Dados em Morfometria Apesar da principal abordagem na...
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Collection: Engineering 2 Metas Brasileiras de Reduo de Emisses de GEE Summary: no Brasil 1. Metas Brasileiras Cenrio com Meta de Reduo do Desmatamento na Amaznia...
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for Systems and Robotics, Lisboa Collection: Engineering 3 coleo explorando o ensino o brasil e o meio ambiente antrtico Summary: Dados Internacionais de Catalogao na...
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Energia em Clusters Web Dorgival Guedes , Wagner Meira Jr. , Diego Nogueira , Rodrigo Pereira Summary: na Figura 2. Os tres elemen- tos principais sao a aplicacao...
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Anthology Collection: Computer Technologies and Information Sciences 2 ROBERTA MARIA PEREIRA LEITE CICLO ESTRAL E MENSTRUAL: REPERCUSSO DA Summary: em ambos os grupos. Na...
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tem 2400 m de cerca e quer cercar um campo retangular que est na margem ... Source: Pereira, Marcone Corra - Departamento de Matemtica, Universidade de So Paulo...
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Aplicacoes P2P Emilio Francesquini, Francisco Reverbel Summary: robustas. Mesmo entre redes do mesmo tipo, existem diferencas significativas na maneira pela qual elas... IP...
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desenvolvimento da Tomografia Acustica Oceanica (ing. OAT, Ocean Acoustic Tomogra- phy) na forma de MFT ou MFI... passiva e localizacao de navios e submarinos,...
Formation and Structural Analysis of a Surface Alloy: Al(111)-(2 � 2)-Na
The Al(111)-(2 � 2)-Na phase formed by adsorption of one-half monolayer Na at 300 K is shown to be a surface alloy. Quantitative agreement is achieved between the results of structure determinations by low energy electron diffraction, surface extended x-ray adsorption fine structure, and total energy calculations. The first four layers of the structure are shown to consist of a Na-Al-Na sandwich on a reconstructed Al substrate layer. It is suggested that the formation of the structure involves surface steps as sources of Al atoms.
J. Burchhardt; M. M. Nielsen; D. L. Adams; E. Lundgren; J. N. Andersen; C. Stampfl; M. Scheffler; A. Schmalz; S. Aminpirooz; J. Haase
E-Print Network 3.0 - alta energia na Sample Search Results
e coalescem, dever ser um dos... fenmenos mais tremendos na natureza. Vtor Cardoso e o seu grupo ... Source: Institute for Systems and Robotics, Lisboa Collection:...
E-Print Network 3.0 - arsenazo iii na Sample Search Results
Phototriggerable Diplasmalogen Liposomes Summary: a (Bchl), Arsenazo III (AIII), NaCl, CaCl2, human fibrinogen (93% clottable), tissue transglutaminase... + was no longer detected...
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Computer Technologies and Information Sciences 30 Vitor Barata Ribeiro Blanco Barroso Gerao de Sombras em Tempo Real para Modelos CAD Summary: perspectiva, como na idia...
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DO SUL INSTITUTO DE INFORM ' Summary: -orientador Porto Alegre, outubro de 1994. 12; 2 CIP - CATALOGA C AO NA PUBLICA C AO Bordini, Rafael Heitor... Bandeira da Silva)...
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autorais (Lei n 9.610). Dados Internacionais de Catalogao na Publicao (CIP) ... Source: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Laboratrio Associado de...
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das melhores prticas da... destacar o crescimento significativo da certificao ISO 9001 ABNT, 1994 na indstria de ... Source: Endler, Markus - Departamento de...
High Energy Density Na-S/NiCl2 Hybrid Battery
High temperature (250-350�C) sodium-beta alumina batteries (NBBs) are attractive energy storage devices for renewable energy integration and other grid related applications. Currently, two technologies are commercially available in NBBs, e.g., sodium-sulfur (Na-S) battery and sodium-metal halide (ZEBRA) batteries. In this study, we investigated the combination of these two chemistries with a mixed cathode. In particular, the cathode of the cell consisted of molten NaAlCl4 as a catholyte and a mixture of Ni, NaCl and Na2S as active materials. During cycling, two reversible plateaus were observed in cell voltage profiles, which matched electrochemical reactions for Na-S and Na-NiCl2 redox couples. An irreversible reaction between sulfur species and Ni was identified during initial charge at 280�C, which caused a decrease in cell capacity. The final products on discharge included Na2Sn with 1< n < 3, which differed from Na2S3 found in traditional Na-S battery. Reduction of sulfur in the mixed cathode led to an increase in overall energy density over ZEBRA batteries. Despite of the initial drop in cell capacity, the mixed cathode demonstrated relatively stable cycling with more than 95% of capacity retained over 60 cycles under 10mA/cm2. Optimization of the cathode may lead to further improvements in battery performance.
Lu, Xiaochuan; Lemmon, John P.; Kim, Jin Yong; Sprenkle, Vincent L.; Yang, Zhenguo (Gary) [Gary
in B100 * Potential NaK emissions control effects - Ash accumulation in DPF - Alkali absorption into monolith walls * possible weakening of monolith - Catalyst poisoning...
E-Print Network 3.0 - amazonicus characidae na Sample Search...
Epipedobates trivittatus Peru AF128570 AF128569 AF128571 NA Dendrobates arboreus Panama AF128611 Source: Brown, Jason - Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology,...
2011 Annual Planning Summary for NNSA, Infrastructure and Environment (NA-50)
The ongoing and projected Environmental Assessments and Environmental Impact Statements for 2011 and 2012 within NNSA, Infrastructure and Environment (NA-50).
E-Print Network 3.0 - adquirida aspectos na Sample Search Results
valorizados na apreciao qualitativa que os ... Source: Instituto de Sistemas e Robotica - Polo de Lisboa (Institute for Systems and Robotics, Lisbon pole) Portugal...
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...42 3.3 Problemas enfrentados pelas Unidades na Execuo do PAA 2005 e sugestes encaminhadas ... ... Source: Ayala-Rincn, Mauricio - Departamento...
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em producao na construcao de dezenas de aplicacoes entregues a ind'ustria. Neste ... Source: Endler, Markus - Departamento de Informtica, Pontifcia Universidade...
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by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: albopictus skuse na Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 Biological Invasions 3: 151166, 2001. 2002 Kluwer Academic...
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by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: aedes albopictus na Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 Biological Invasions 3: 151166, 2001. 2002 Kluwer Academic...
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do Programa. 2. DO NMERO DE... : a) - Pluralismo Jurdico e Direito Achado na Rua (Linha de ... Source: Maier, Rudolf Richard - Departamento de Matemtica, Universidade...
Structure of the F Center in NaF
The electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) method is applied to the study of the structure of the F center in NaF. Hyperfine interactions between the F-center electron and a number of the surrounding nuclear shells are presented and compared with the results of earlier experiments and with theory. It is found that the resolved hyperfine structure is not due to the predominance of the first-shell interaction, as has been thought, but it arises from the fortuitous equality of the first- and second-shell isotropic hyperfine interactions. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) absorption measurements of the resolved structure confirms an expected 31-line resolved pattern. The exceptional resolution found in the ENDOR spectrum permits the identification of interactions with nuclei well beyond the eighth shell. Although the samples also contained large numbers of M centers, no evidence for a paramagnetic M center was found in either the EPR or ENDOR spectra.
William T. Doyle
High precision measurements of Na-26 beta(-) decay
PHYSICAL REVIEW C 71, 044309 (2005) High precision measurements of 26Na ?? decay G. F. Grinyer,1,? C. E. Svensson,1 C. Andreoiu,1 A. N. Andreyev,2 R. A. E. Austin,3,? G. C. Ball,2 R. S. Chakrawarthy,2 P. Finlay,1 P. E. Garrett,1,2 G. Hackman,2 J.... C. Hardy,4 B. Hyland,1 V. E. Iacob,4 K. A. Koopmans,3 W. D. Kulp,5 J. R. Leslie,6 J. A. Macdonald,2 A. C. Morton,2 W. E. Ormand,7 C. J. Osborne,2 C. J. Pearson,2 A. A. Phillips,1 F. Sarazin,2,? M. A. Schumaker,1 H. C. Scraggs,2,? J. Schwarzenberg,8...
Grinyer, GF; Svensson, CE; Andreoiu, C.; Andreyev, AN; Austin, RAE; Ball, GC; Chakrawarthy, RS; Finlay, P.; Garrett, PE; Hackman, G.; Hardy, John C.; Hyland, B.; Iacob, VE; Koopmans, KA; Kulp, WD; Leslie, JR; Macdonald, JA; Morton, AC; Ormand, WE; Osborne, CJ; Pearson, CJ; Phillips, AA; Sarazin, F.; Schumaker, MA; Scraggs, HC; Schwarzenberg, J.; Smith, MB; Valiente-Dobon, JJ; Waddington, JC; Wood, JL; Zganjar, EF.
100R-04-Vol.1-Rev.0 100R-04-Vol.1-Rev.0 August 2004 SAND 2004-3740P Issued by Sandia National Laboratories for NNSA's Office of Advanced Simulation & Computing, NA-114. For more information, contact Dr. Dimitri Kusnezov at firstname.lastname@example.com ON THE COVER: These experimental images show the evolution of three gaseous cylinders (seeded with a tracer gas) that have been accelerated by a planar shock wave. The flow fields are dominated by vortices created by the shock acceleration, so the swirling red flows are the SF6 gas being entrained by the vortices. The yellow is air. Each photo consists of two snapshots of the flow at two times (with time interval about 200 microseconds). These images are produced by a laser-induced fluorescence technique. In each image the structures are traveling from left to right at speeds of 100 m/s.
n-Selective Single Capture Following Xe{sup 18+} And Xe{sup 54+} Impact On Na(3s) And Na*(3p)
State selective single charge exchange n-level cross sections are calculated for collisions of Xe18+ and Xe54+ ions with Na(3s) and Na*(3p) over the energy range of 0.1 to 10.0 keV/amu. The CTMC method is used which includes all two-body interactions. Experimental state-selective cross sections and their corresponding transverse momentum spectra for Xe18+ are found to be in reasonable accord with the calculations.
Otranto, S. [CONICET and Dto. de Fisica, Universidad Nacional del Sur, 8000 Bahia Blanca (Argentina); Olson, R. E. [Physics Department, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65401 (United States); Hasan, V. G.; Hoekstra, R. [KVI-Atomic and Molecular Physics, University of Groeningen (Netherlands)
Molecular dynamics investigation of Na{sup +} in Na{sub 2}Ni{sub 2}TeO{sub 6}
An inter-atomic potential for Na{sub 2}Ni{sub 2}TeO{sub 6} in the Parrinello- Rahman-Vashishta (PRV) model is parameterized empirically. The potential reproduces variety of structural and transport properties of that material in good agreement with recent experimental results. The study provides fresh insights on the migration channels and mechanism of Na{sup +} in the system.
Sau, Kartik, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Kumar, P. Padma, E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039 (India)
Grant Title: DOLLAR GENERAL LITERACY GRANTS Funding Opportunity Number: N/A
Grant Title: DOLLAR GENERAL LITERACY GRANTS Funding Opportunity Number: N/A Agency/Department: Dollar General. Area of Research: Literacy grants. Release and Expiration: N/A Application Deadline: Family Literacy: Annually in March. Adult Literacy Grants: Annually in March. Youth Literacy Grants
Born?Oppenheimer Molecular Dynamics of the Hydration of Na+ in a Water Cluster
Born?Oppenheimer Molecular Dynamics of the Hydration of Na+ in a Water Cluster ... The hydration of Na+ in a water cluster is studied through all-electron Born?Oppenheimer molecular dynamics. ... The method chosen in the present study was all-electron, density functional theory based, Born?Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (BOMD). ...
N. Galamba; B. J. Costa Cabral
Modeling of Hydrogen Storage Materials: A Reactive Force Field for NaH
Modeling of Hydrogen Storage Materials: A Reactive Force Field for NaH Ojwang' J.G.O.*, Rutger van is the fall in potential energy surface during heating. Keywords: hydrogen storage, reactive force field governing hydrogen desorption in NaH. During the abstraction process of surface molecular hydrogen charge
Goddard III, William A.
Temperature effect on U(VI) sorption onto Na-bentonite1 Ziqian Yang a
1 Temperature effect on U(VI) sorption onto Na-bentonite1 Ziqian Yang a , Lei Huang a , Zhijun Guo Nantes/Université de5 Nantes, 4 rue Alfred Kastler, BP 20722, 44307 Nantes, France6 Sorption / U(VI ) / Na-bentonite / Temperature effect / Surface complexation model7 Summary8 U(VI) sorption on a purified
The Catalytic Chemistry of HCN+NO over Na- and Ba-Y, FAU: An...
The Catalytic Chemistry of HCN+NO over Na- and Ba-Y, FAU: An In Situ FTIR and TPDTPR Study. The Catalytic Chemistry of HCN+NO over Na- and Ba-Y, FAU: An In Situ FTIR and TPDTPR...
Stability of graphene band structures against an external periodic perturbation: Na on graphene
The electronic structure of Na-adsorbed graphenes formed on the 6H-SiC(0001) substrate was studied using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with synchrotron photons and ab initio pseudopotential calculations. It was found that the band of the graphenes sensitively changes upon Na adsorption especially at low temperature. With increasing Na dose, the ? band appears to be quickly diffused into the background at 85 K whereas it becomes significantly enhanced with its spectral intensity at room temperature (RT). A new parabolic band centered at k?1.15?�?1 also forms near Fermi energy with Na at 85 K while no such band was observed at RT. Such changes in the band structure are found to be reversible with temperature. The changes in the ? band of graphene are mainly driven by the Na-induced potential especially at low temperature where the potential becomes periodic due to the crystallized Na overlayer. The new parabolic band turns out to be the ? band of the underlying buffer layer partially filled by the charge transfer from Na adatoms. The increase in the hopping rate of Na adatoms at RT by 5 orders of magnitude prevents such a charge transfer, explaining the absence of the new band at RT.
C. G. Hwang; S. Y. Shin; Seon-Myeong Choi; N. D. Kim; S. H. Uhm; H. S. Kim; C. C. Hwang; D. Y. Noh; Seung-Hoon Jhi; J. W. Chung
Application Of An Artificial Neural Network Model To A Na-K Geothermometer
Application Of An Artificial Neural Network Model To A Na-K Geothermometer Application Of An Artificial Neural Network Model To A Na-K Geothermometer Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Journal Article: Application Of An Artificial Neural Network Model To A Na-K Geothermometer Details Activities (3) Areas (2) Regions (0) Abstract: A new geothermometer model is proposed by applying data obtained from a known Na-K geothermometer to an artificial neural network. In this model, Na and K values were implemented as input signals and geothermometers as the output signal. Multi-layer perceptrons and back propagation were used as training algorithms for the artificial neural network. Reservoir temperatures of some geothermal fields in Turkey determined by this method are in accord with those determined from other methods.
A New Improved Na-K Geothermometer By Artificial Neural Networks | Open
Improved Na-K Geothermometer By Artificial Neural Networks Improved Na-K Geothermometer By Artificial Neural Networks Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Journal Article: A New Improved Na-K Geothermometer By Artificial Neural Networks Details Activities (0) Areas (0) Regions (0) Abstract: A new Na/K geothermometer equation has been developed. The temperature function is:Concentrations are in mg/kg. The new improved geothermometer equation was developed by artificial neural networks. The normalized mean square error (NMSE) used in the new improved Na/K equation for temperatures ranging from 94 to 345°C is 0.179, which is lower than the corresponding NMSE 0.226, 0.598, 0.656, 0.268, 0.328 and 0.225 for the equations of Arnorsson et al. (1983; Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 47, 567-577), Truesdell (1975; Proc. 2nd UN Symposium), Tonani (1980; Proc. Adv. Eur.
Concentration and precipitation of NaCl and KCl from salt cake leach solutions by electrodialysis
Electrodialysis was investigated for cost-effective recovery of salt from salt cake leach solutions. (Salt cake is a waste stream generated by the aluminum industry during treatment of aluminum drosses and scrap.) We used a pilot-scale electrodialysis stack of 5 membrane pairs, each with an effective area of 0.02 m{sup 2}. The diluate stream contained synthetic NaCl, KCl,mixtures of NaCl and KCl, and actual salt cake leach solutions (mainly NaCl and KCl, with small amounts of MgCl{sub 2}). We concentrated and precipitated NaCl and KCl salts from the concentrate steam when the initial diluate stream concentration was 21.5 to 28.8 wt% NaCl and KCl. We found that water transferring through the membranes was a significant factor in overall efficiency of salt recovery by electrodialysis.
Sreenivasarao, K; Patsiogiannis, F.; Hryn, J.N.
What the NA60 dilepton data can tell
The NA60 experiment has studied low-mass muon pair production in In-In collisions at 158 AGeV with unprecedented precision. Thus, there is hope that the in-medium modifications of the vector meson spectral function can be constrained more thoroughly than from previous experiments. Towards this goal, we present a study comparing different models for the in-medium modification of vector mesons. In particular, we investigate what can be learned about collisional broadening by a medium at finite temperature and baryon density and what model independent constraints can be obtained from the data. Of special relevance is a comparison to $p_T$-cuts of the dilepton spectra. Those not only provide independent tests of the evolution model and $p_T$-dependence of the spectral function but also unambiguously decide if the observed yield in the higher mass spectrum $M > 1 {\\rm GeV}$ is mainly due to the hot phase of the evolution or four pion annihilation processes.
Thorsten Renk; Jorg Ruppert
Der Briefwechsel zwischen Sidonie Na?dherny? und Albert Bloch : September 1947-September 1950 : mit einer Einfu?hrung in die Widmungsgedichte von Karl Kraus an Sidonie Na?dherny?
Die Aufgabe dieser Arbeit besteht darin, Sidonie Na?dherny? Einflu� auf das Werk von Karl Kraus, vor allem auf seine Lyrik, an Hand der Albert Bloch/Sidonie Na?dherny?-Korrespondenz auszuwerten. Neben den eigentlichen ...
Champion, Elke Lorenz
Number of Vehicles, Selected Survey Years (Millions)" Number of Vehicles, Selected Survey Years (Millions)" ,"Survey Years" ,1983,1985,1988,1991,1994,2001 "Total",129.3,137.3,147.5,151.2,156.8,191 "Household Characteristics" "Census Region and Division" " Northeast",23.9,"NA",26.6,27,26.6,31.7 " New England",6.6,"NA",6.6,6.5,7.6,10 " Middle Atlantic ",17.3,"NA",20.1,20.5,19,21.7 " Midwest ",32.5,"NA",37.8,38.4,41.1,47.1 " East North Central",21.3,"NA",26,27.6,29,32.4 " West North Central ",11.3,"NA",11.8,10.8,12.1,14.7 " South",45.1,"NA",50.6,52.7,56,70.2 " South Atlantic",22.2,"NA",25.9,26.6,28.4,38.8
Fuel Expenditures per Vehicle, Selected Survey Years (Nominal Dollars) " Fuel Expenditures per Vehicle, Selected Survey Years (Nominal Dollars) " ,"Survey Years" ,1983,1985,1988,1991,1994,2001 "Total",736,722,550,650,668,787 "Household Characteristics" "Census Region and Division" " Northeast",731,"NA",532,660,647,766.42074 " New England",706,"NA",526,687,637,810.19092 " Middle Atlantic ",740,"NA",534,651,651,746.41162 " Midwest ",738,"NA",539,651,644,792.60265 " East North Central",751,"NA",539,650,639,792.21608 " West North Central ",714,"NA",538,654,656,793.45498 " South",758,"NA",575,663,673,775.63816 " South Atlantic",772,"NA",559,639,676,755.54606
Fuel Consumption per Vehicle, Selected Survey Years (Gallons) " Fuel Consumption per Vehicle, Selected Survey Years (Gallons) " ,"Survey Years" ,1983,1985,1988,1991,1994,2001 "Total",621,611,559,548,578,592 "Household Characteristics" "Census Region and Division" " Northeast",609,"NA",525,523,545,571.15003 " New England",582,"NA",517,541,542,585.83989 " Middle Atlantic ",619,"NA",528,517,545,564.4347 " Midwest ",620,"NA",550,554,580,588.14092 " East North Central",627,"NA",550,553,574,585.28553 " West North Central ",607,"NA",550,557,592,594.43665 " South",644,"NA",585,566,598,615.25944 " South Atlantic",647,"NA",563,542,601,602.53752
Inhibition of Na -P/sub i/ cotransporter in small gut brush border by phosphonocarboxylic acids
The authors examined the effect of phosphonoformic acid (PFA) and phosphonoacetic acid (PAA) upon Na -P/sub i/ cotransport in brush-border membrane (BBM) from small gut of rat. Both PFA and PAA inhibited the Na gradient-dependent uptake of TSP/sub i/ by BBM vesicles (BBMV) prepared from intestinal mucosa but had no effect on Na -dependent uptakes of D-(TH)glucose, L-(TH)proline, or ( UC)succinate. The uptake in the absence of Na gradient, or uptake at equilibrium period (180 min), was not affected by PFA or by PAA. A chemical analogue of PFA and PAA, phosphonopropionic acid, had only a minor inhibitory effect and phenylphosphonic acid was inactive. Neither PFA nor PAA influenced the activity of rat intestinal BBM alkaline phosphatase. The BBMV from rat jejunum had a much higher capacity for Na gradient-dependent uptake of TSP/sub i/ than BBMV from duodenum or ileum. The inhibition of BBMV TSP/sub i/ transport across rat jejunum by PFA is competitive. They suggest that PFA and PAA are specific inhibitors of Na gradient-dependent uptake of P/sub i/ by BBMV from small intestinal mucosa and that they could serve as useful experimental tools for the studies of intestinal Na -P/sub i/ cotransport.
Loghman-Adham, M.; Szczepsanska-Konkel, M.; Yusufi, A.N.K.; Van Scoy, M.; Dousa, T.P.
Investigation of the Effects of Biodiesel-based Na on Emissions Control Components
A single-cylinder diesel engine was used to investigate the impact of biodiesel-based Na on emissions control components using specially blended 20% biodiesel fuel (B20). The emissions control components investigated were a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), a Cu-zeolite-based NH{sub 3}-SCR (selective catalytic reduction) catalyst, and a diesel particulate filter (DPF). Both light-duty vehicle, DOC-SCR-DPF, and heavy-duty vehicle, DOC-DPF-SCR, emissions control configurations were employed. The accelerated Na aging is achieved by introducing elevated Na levels in the fuel, to represent full useful life exposure, and periodically increasing the exhaust temperature to replicate DPF regeneration. To assess the validity of the implemented accelerated Na aging protocol, engine-aged lean NO{sub x} traps (LNTs), DOCs and DPFs are also evaluated. To fully characterize the impact on the catalytic activity the LNT, DOC and SCR catalysts were evaluated using a bench flow reactor. The evaluation of the aged DOC samples and LNT show little to no deactivation as a result of Na contamination. However, the SCR in the light-duty configuration (DOC-SCR-DPF) was severely affected by Na contamination, especially when NO was the only fed NO{sub x} source. In the heavy-duty configuration (DOC-DPF-SCR), no impact is observed in the SCR NO{sub x} reduction activity. Electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA) reveals that Na contamination on the LNT, DOC, and SCR samples is present throughout the length of the catalysts with a higher concentration on the washcoat surface. In both the long-term engine-aged DPF and the accelerated Na-aged DPFs, there is significant Na ash present in the upstream channels; however, in the engine-aged sample lube oil-based ash is the predominant constituent.
Brookshear, D. William [University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK); Nguyen, Ke [University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK); Toops, Todd J [ORNL; Bunting, Bruce G [ORNL; Howe, Janet E [ORNL
Balancing SoNaR: IPR versus Processing Issues in a 500-Million-Word Written Dutch Reference Corpus
Balancing SoNaR: IPR versus Processing Issues in a 500-Million-Word Written Dutch Reference Corpus included in SoNaR will have its IPR issues settled to the largest extent possible. This data collection lead to the creation of two corpora: a gigaword SoNaR, IPR-cleared for research purposes
Tilburg, Universiteit van
Intracellular Sequestration of Sodium by a Novel Na /H Exchanger in Yeast Is Enhanced by Mutations in the
membrane Na /K -ATPase, a P-type ion pump, that drives Na ions out of the cell in exchange for K ions (1). The resultant Na gradient serves as the primary energy source for the transport of other ions and metabolites threat to agricultural production worldwide (4, 5). Because of a basic similarity in ion transport
Rao, Rajini
2012 Annual Workforce Analysis and Staffing Plan Report - NNSA for Safety and Health - NA-26
1 Annual Workforce Analysis and Staffing Plan Report Draft as of December 31, 2012 Reporting Office: _NA-26 Office of Fissile Material Disposition at SRS____ Section 1: Current Mission(s) of the Organization and Potential Changes 1. The Office of Fissile Material Disposition (NA-26) is part of the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA). NA-26 supports NNSA Strategic Plan Goal #2, "Provide technical leadership to limit or prevent the spread of materials, technology, and expertise relating to weapons of mass destruction; advance the technologies to detect the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction worldwide, and eliminate or secure inventories of surplus materials and infrastructure usable for nuclear weapons." The NA-26 organization focuses on the safe and secure disposition of
NNSA selects Lindsey VanNess as NA-00 Inaugural Employee of the Year |
selects Lindsey VanNess as NA-00 Inaugural Employee of the Year | selects Lindsey VanNess as NA-00 Inaugural Employee of the Year | National Nuclear Security Administration Our Mission Managing the Stockpile Preventing Proliferation Powering the Nuclear Navy Emergency Response Recapitalizing Our Infrastructure Continuing Management Reform Countering Nuclear Terrorism About Us Our Programs Our History Who We Are Our Leadership Our Locations Budget Our Operations Media Room Congressional Testimony Fact Sheets Newsletters Press Releases Speeches Events Social Media Video Gallery Photo Gallery NNSA Archive Federal Employment Apply for Our Jobs Our Jobs Working at NNSA Blog Home > NNSA Blog > NNSA selects Lindsey VanNess as NA-00 Inaugural ... NNSA selects Lindsey VanNess as NA-00 Inaugural Employee of the Year Posted By Office of Public Affairs
INDECOMPOSABLE RACKS OF ORDER p2 MAT'IAS GRA"NA
INDECOMPOSABLE RACKS OF ORDER p2 MAT'IAS GRA"NA Abstract.We classify indecomposable racks of order p2(p a prime). There a of prime order is trivial. 1.Introduction Racks and quandles have
Plasma spectroscopy of H, Li, and Na in plumes resulting from laser-induced droplet explosion
The plasma emission resulting from laser-induced breakdown of large transparent H2O droplets (with and without NaCl or LiCl) has been spectrally and spatially resolved along...
Eickmans, Johannes H; Hsieh, Wen-Feng; Chang, Richard K
E-Print Network 3.0 - achados na artroscopia Sample Search Results
Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 Tera-feira, 17 de maio de 2011 Summary: universidades do Brasil e do exterior revelaram numerosos achados. Os mais recentes aconteceram na Expedio...
E-Print Network 3.0 - achados na tomografia Sample Search Results
E-Print Network 3.0 - anjos na escola Sample Search Results
Ttulo do trabalho Eixo Situao Summary: na escola. 6 Aceito 8 MARIA DE FTIMA PEREIRA DE FREITAS No consta o ttulo 4 Aceito 9 MARILEA DE... Reestruturao do ensino...
E-Print Network 3.0 - atendidos na rede Sample Search Results
espcies no topo e na base das teias trficas Dinmica II Estrutura e dinmica de redes... Guimares JrJr DFMCDFMC -- IFGWIFGW -- UnicampUnicamp Estrutura e dinmica de...
High resolution observations of interstellar Ca II and Na I in the 30 Doradus nebula
......associated with 30 Dor in the Large Magellanic Cloud; for the brightest source in the nebula, namely R136, complementary Na Iions have been made. All sight-lines show complex interstellar profiles with three principal components occurring between +239......
J. C. Blades
Ultracold Fermionic Feshbach Molecules of [superscript 23]Na[superscript 40]K
We report on the formation of ultracold weakly bound Feshbach molecules of [superscript 23]Na[superscript 40]K, the first fermionic molecule that is chemically stable in its absolute ground state. The lifetime of the nearly ...
Wu, Cheng-Hsun
Termination and complexity bounds for SAFE programs Salvador Lucas Ricardo Pe~na
Termination and complexity bounds for SAFE programs Salvador Lucas Ricardo Pe~na Dep. de Sistemas partially supported by the EU (FEDER) and the Spanish MEC, under grant TIN 2004-7943- C04. Salvador Lucas
Lucas, Salvador
A presentation showing that point defects play an important role in the kinetics of NaAlH4 including vacancies and interstitials consistent with observed effects of Ti.
At-Wavelength Interferometry of High-NA Diffraction-Limited EUV Optics
-reflective, Mo/Si-multilayer-coated EUV imaging optics have included two-mirror Schwarzschild designs [1 optical systems, called the Micro Exposure Tool (MET), are two-mirror, 0.3 NA, axially-symmetric systems
Bokor, Jeffrey
Using Na+MMT nanoclay as a secondary filler in plywood manufacturing
Eight adhesive formulations were developed using two types of resin by urea�formaldehyde (UF) and melamine-urea formaldehyde (MUF) resins and four levels of sodium montmorillonite (Na+MMT) nanoclay by 0, 2.5, 5, ...
Kazem Doosthoseini; Hamid Zarea-Hosseinabadi
Esophageal desalination is mediated by Na+ exchanger-2 in the gulf
Esophageal desalination is mediated by Na+ , H+ exchanger-2 in the gulf toadfish (Opsanus beta Intestinal water transport Osmoregulation Chloride Esophageal desalination is a crucial step (-subunit), suggesting that esophageal desalination is less flexible in response to osmotic stress than
Grosell, Martin
Thermochemistry of phosphorus oxynitrides: PON and LiNaPON glasses
High-temperature solution calorimetry has been very useful in elucidating the energetics of many oxide materials. Recently, a sodium molybdate melt, 3Na{sub 2}O{center{underscore}dot}4MoO{sub 3}, has been shown to be very effective for nitride calorimetry. This methodology has now been used to determine the energetics of formation of phosphorus oxynitride PON samples and of a series of LiNaPON oxynitride glasses. The magnitude of the energetics of nitrogen/oxygen substitution within PON and LiNaPON glasses has been correctly evaluated by using N-N, O-O, P-N, and P-O bond strengths. The in-situ precipitation of metallic particles from corresponding oxides in LiNaPON glasses has been predicted from high-temperature solution calorimetry results and appropriate thermodynamic cycles. The results constitute the first set of energetic data on nitridophosphates.
Tessier, F.; Navrotsky, A.; Le Sauze, A.; Marchand, R.
Catalytic Effect of Ti for Hydrogen Cycling in NaAlH4
+ 2AlH 3 3 NaAlH 4 M. Mamula et al., Coll. Czechoslov. Chem. Commun. 32, 884 (1967). Atomic Hydrogen Interacting with Al Surfaces "H adsorption and the formation of alane...
Prepara��o de h�bridos metal/carbono por carboniza��o hidrot�rmica para aplica��o na oxida��o eletroqu�mica de metanol.
??Neste trabalho foram preparados h�bridos PtRu/Carbono e Ni/Carbono pelo m�todo da carboniza��o hidrot�rmica para aplica��o na oxida��o eletroqu�mica do metanol. Nesse processo, uma fonte de� (more)
Marcelo Marques Tusi
E-Print Network 3.0 - anemia materna na Sample Search Results
page (22-502 Summary: STUDIES OF FERRITIN-LIKE IRON I N RED BLOOD CELLS OF THALASSEMIA, SICKLE-CELL ANEMIA AND HEMOGLOBIN... . Aucune quan- tit6 de fer du type ferritine n'a btC...
An effect of chloride on (Na + K) co-transport in human red blood cells
... the phloretin- and furosemide-sensitive (Na-Li) counter-transport system identified in RBC by Tosteson and co-workers9. Third, there is the extensive work by Wieth on anion and ...
A. R. Chipperfield
E-Print Network 3.0 - atheriniformes atherinopsidae na Sample...
(RS; bp), number of alleles (NA), average observed heterozygosity (HO), and average FIS and FST... This study Primer Sequence (5-3; Feldheim et al. in prep.) TA (C) RN RS...
E-Print Network 3.0 - anp na reducao Sample Search Results
BY ANP high Na intake volume expansion normal L 2 0 IL- , 11----y7 --, 1 10 100 ANP infusion r-ate (rig... Physiological concentrations of ANP exert a dual regulatory influence...
An Empirical Na-K-Ca Geothermometer For Natural Waters | Open Energy
Empirical Na-K-Ca Geothermometer For Natural Waters Empirical Na-K-Ca Geothermometer For Natural Waters Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Journal Article: An Empirical Na-K-Ca Geothermometer For Natural Waters Details Activities (0) Areas (0) Regions (0) Abstract: An empirical method of estimating the last temperature of water-rock interaction has been devised. It is based upon molar Na, K and Ca concentrations in natural waters from temperature environments ranging from 4 to 340°C. The data for most geothermal waters cluster near a straight line when plotted as the function vs reciprocal of absolute temperature, where Β is either or depending upon whether the water equilibrated above or below 100°C. For most waters tested, the method gives better results than the methods suggested by other workers. The ratio
ISSN 0103-1538 4231 MONITORAMENTO DOS FOCOS DE CALOR NA REGI�?O SUL DO BRASIL Instituto Nacional de monitorar a distribuição dos focos de calor na região sul do Brasil, entre os anos de 2003 a 2007, através, Geotecnologias, Região Sul do Brasil. RESUMEN Las quemadas pueden ser causadas de forma natural o por influencia
Página1 SISTEMATIZA�?�?O DE OCORR�?NCIAS DE DESASTRES NATURAIS NA REGI�?O SUL DO BRASIL EM 2011 Janete Aplicação de Geotecnologias para Desastres Naturais e Eventos Extremos para a Região Sul do Brasil e forma, a pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar os eventos de desastres naturais na Região Sul do Brasil em
Supporting information for: Na-doped p-type ZnO , Faxian Xiu2
S1 Supporting information for: Na-doped p-type ZnO microwires Wei Liu1* , Faxian Xiu2 , Ke Sun1 flow was switched to argon followed by cooling to room temperature. After the growth, high-density Zn distribution of the Na Doped ZnO microwire 1.3 EDX line scans spectra #12;S3 Figure S3 a) a typical TEM image
Yang, Zheng
Carbon monoxide adsorption/desorption processes over NaX zeolite and supported ruthenium catalyst
The binding states of CO on NaX zeolite and RuNaX were investigated by thermal desorption spectroscopy. Desorption peaks centered at around 390, 430, 490, and 520 K were observed from NaX following room-temperature adsorption of CO. The activation energy values corresponding to these peaks were calculated to be 41.4, 45.7, 53.8, and 57.7 kJ mol{sup {minus}1}, respectively. These peaks were also observed in desorption profiles from RuNaX although their temperatures were higher by 10 to 20 K. In addition, the desorption spectra from RuNaX also comprise two high-temperature peaks at around 575 and 640 K. With both the RuNaX and the NaX samples the temperature and relative intensities of the desorption peaks depended on pretreatment conditions and on the lapsed time between CO exposure to the sample and the commencement of programmed heating. Mass spectral analysis revealed that the gas desorbed at 300-500 K consisted mainly of CO while at higher temperatures CO{sub 2} was the main component. The desorption peaks below 500 K are attributed to the release of carbon monoxide from structural and intragranular or intergranular zeolitic pores. Lewis sites on the zeolite surface are found to facilitate activation of CO, resulting in its transformation to CO{sub 2}. The initial adsorption of carbon monoxide in zeolite pores and subsequent diffusion to metal sites leading to its disproportionation/oxidation is found to play an important role in the CO adsorption/desorption process on RuNaX.
Kamble, V.S.; Gupta, N.M.; Iyer, R.M. (Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay (India))
Crnica da III Feira da Sustentabilidade na UDC. Feira de Nadal 2012
Crónica da III Feira da Sustentabilidade na UDC. Feira de Nadal 2012 O pasado mércores 12 de universitaria a asistir á III Feira de Sustentabilidade que tivo lugar na Facultade de Economía e Empresa Sustentabilidade foi unha charla-debate en que Raúl Asegurado, presidente da Asociación Fiare Galiza, explicou en
Cell volume variation under different concentrations of saline solution (NaCL)
RESUMENIntroducci�n: Dentro de las pr�cticas cl�nicas, es de suma importancia conocer la relaci�n volum�trica entre la contracci�n celular y la concentraci�n de soluci�n salina (NaCl). M�todos: Muestras de sangre por parte de voluntarios que gozan de buena salud fueron expuestas a diferentes concentraciones de NaCl, las cuales oscilan entre 0.42% a 11.70%, observ�ndose la variaci�n resultante en el hematocrito. Se estudi� la variaci�n del volumen celular como funci�n de la correspondiente concentraci�n de NaCl. Se lleg� a establecer una ecuaci�n que predice te�ricamente el comportamiento observado. Resultados: Examinamos 53 muestras de sangre provenientes de 12 voluntarios sanos. La relaci�n entre la contracci�n celular y la concentraci�n de NaCl muestra que la m�xima contracci�n del volumen celular se obtiene cuando el NaCl est� en alrededor de 5.85%. Se resume el modelo matem�tico resultante en la ecuaci�n. ?V denota la variaci�n celular a la correspondiente concentraci�n de NaCl. Este modelo presenta un coeficiente de regresi�n lineal de 0.996 y aplicando el Chi-square goodness of fit test [es una prueba estad�stica] se observa un nivel de confianza superior a 99.5%. Igualmente, es menester mencionar que las concentraciones de NaCl iguales o superiores a 7.02% provoca cierto grado de hem�lisis. Conclusiones: No hay raz�n para utilizar concentraciones de NaCl superiores a 5.85%. Concentraciones m�s altas no inducen una mayor contracci�n del volumen celular, pero s� provocan lesi�n celular.41CV=?
Mario J. Garc�a; Angel M. Ardila
Selective catalytic reduction of NO{sub 2} with urea in nanocrystalline NaY zeolite
In this study, the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO{sub 2} with urea in nanocrystalline NaY zeolite was investigated with in situ transmission Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. At T=473 K, the reaction rate for urea-SCR of NO{sub 2} in nanocrystalline NaY zeolite was significantly greater than that in commercial NaY zeolite with a larger crystal size. In addition, a dramatic decrease in the concentration of undesirable surface species, including biuret and cyanuric acid, was observed in nanocrystalline NaY compared with commercial NaY after urea-SCR of NO{sub 2} at T=473 K. The increased reactivity for urea-SCR of NO{sub 2} was attributed to silanol groups and extra-framework aluminum species located on the external surface of nanocrystalline NaY. Specifically, NOx storage as nitrate and nitrite on the internal zeolite surface was coupled to reactive deNOx sites on the external surface. Isotopic labeling combined with IR analysis suggest that NN bond formation involved both an N-atom originating from NO{sub 2} and an N-atom originating from urea. This is the first clear example demonstrating that the increased external surface area (up to 40% of total surface area) of nanocrystalline zeolites can be used as a reactive surface with unique active sites for catalysis.
Gonghu Li; Conrad A. Jones; Vicki H. Grassian; Sarah C. Larsen [University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA (United States). Department of Chemistry
Synthesis and characterization of NaMt biocomposites with corn cob xylan in aqueous media
In this study synthesis and characterization of biopolymer/clay biocomposites was aimed using naturally occurring polysaccharide (xylan) as biopolymer and montmorillonite type clay (NaMt). Xylan was extracted from corn cobs via alkaline oxidative treatment. Maximum solubility of xylan was determined as 1% (w/v) in water at room temperature. Thus synthesis was realized following two routes; first NaMt concentration was kept constant at 2.0�נ10?2�g/ml and xylan concentration was changed. Latter xylan concentration was kept constant at 1.0�נ10?2�g/ml and NaMt concentration was changed. Natural xylan, NaMt and biocomposites were examined in terms of their spectral, electrokinetic, rheologic, morphologic and thermal properties. Results showed that lower amounts of xylan interacted with NaMt on the surface, however, when the xylan amount was increased also intercalation of NaMt has occurred. Biocomposites showed better thermal and rheologic behaviors with respect to the starting materials.
C�neyt H. �nl�; Ebru G�nister; Oya At?c?
EFFECT OF NaF AND SnO{sub 2} ON PORTLAND CEMENT CLINKER FABRICATION
The paper aimed at studying the effect of NaF and SnO{sub 2} employed as mineralisers on Portland cement clinker fabrication. In order to do this, the raw mix included in turn 0.5% NaF, 0.5% SnO{sub 2}, and a combination of 0.5% NaF and 0.5% SnO{sub 2}, all expressed as weight percentages of the raw mix. The effects of the presence of NaF and SnO{sub 2} mineralisers on the raw mix were studied by investigations of the loss on ignition at 700 deg. C and 800 deg. C with calculating the corresponding decarbonation ratio of the raw mix, determination of free lime and XRD analysis. NaF was found to have a positive effect both during the decarbonation of the raw mix and during the formation of minerals in clinker. On the other hand, SnO{sub 2} has but a little effect on the decarbonation process. Finally, the combined use of NaF and SnO{sub 2} modifies the kinetics of binding the free lime to the effect of accelerating the process as compared to the separate use of each mineraliser.
Paceagiu, Jenica; Amzica, Florin; Chendrean, Teofil; Paraschiv, Tatiana [CEPROCIM SA, Bucharest (Romania)
Gestational and early postnatal dietary NaCl levels affect NaCl intake, but not stimulated water intake, by adult rats
intake, by adult rats Kathleen S. Curtis, Eric G. Krause, Donna L. Wong, and Robert J. Contreras affect NaCl intake, but not stimulated water intake, by adult rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp examined body fluid regulation by weanling (2125 days) and adult ( 60 days) male rats that were offspring
Hull, Elaine
Memoriais digitais na web social sob a perspectiva dos usu�rios
New Technologies that support digital memorials have been developed for the Web. By means of literature review and empirical observation, this research investigates characteristics of this kind of software in Brazil, concerning social web elements. Besides, ... Keywords: luto, memorial digital, sensa��es dos usu�rios, web social
Aron Daniel Lopes; Cristiano Maciel; Vinicius Carvalho Pereira
Effect of Ti for Effect of Ti for Hydrogen Cycling in NaAlH 4 Mei-Yin Chou School of Physics Georgia Institute of Technology (DE-FG02-05ER46229) Acknowledgment: Yan Wang, Roland Stumpf Why is NaAlH 4 interesting? A viable candidate for hydrogen-storage material: High theoretical weight-percent hydrogen content of 5.55% and low cost But (before 1997) Dehydrogenation occurs at high temperature; rehydrogenation is difficult. Bogdanovic and Schwickardi, 1997 Hydrogen can be reversibly absorbed and desorbed from NaAlH 4 under moderate conditions by the addition of catalysts (compounds containing Ti, Zr, etc.) High Hydrogen Contents in Complex Hydrides Hydride wt% Hydride wt% Be(BH 4 ) 2 20.8 Mg(AlH 4 ) 2 9.3 LiBH 4 18.2 Ca(AlH 4 ) 2 7.9 Mg(BH 4 ) 2 14.9 KBH 4 7.5 Ca(BH 4 ) 2 11.6 NaAlH 4 7.5 NaBH4 10.7 Ga(AlH
Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics with composition of (0.97?x)Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3-0.03NaNbO3-xBaTiO3
Compositions in (Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3 based ternary system, (0.97 ? x) (Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3-0.03NaNbO3-xBaTiO3 (x = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, 0.08) are synthesized using conventional solid state reaction method. In...
Yugong Wu; Huili Zhang; Yue Zhang; Jinyi Ma; Daohua Xie
At-wavelength interferometry of high-NA diffraction-limited EUV optics
Recent advances in all-reflective diffraction-limited optical systems designed for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography have pushed numerical aperture (NA) values from 0.1 to 0.3, providing Rayleigh resolutions of 27-nm. Worldwide, several high-NA EUV optics are being deployed to serve in the development of advanced lithographic techniques required for EUV lithography, including the creation and testing of new, high-resolution photoresists. One such system is installed on an undulator beamline at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's Advanced Light Source. Sub{angstrom}-accuracy optical testing and alignment techniques, developed for use with the previous generations of EUV lithographic optical systems, are being extended for use at high NA. Considerations for interferometer design and use are discussed.
Goldberg, Kenneth A.; Naulleau, Patrick; Rekawa, Senajith; Denham, Paul; Liddle, J. Alexander; Anderson, Erik; Jackson, Keith; Bokor, Jeffrey; Attwood, David
Caustic Recycle from Hanford Tank Waste Using NaSICON Ceramic Membrane Salt Splitting Process
A family of inorganic ceramic materials, called sodium (Na) Super Ion Conductors (NaSICON), has been studied at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to investigate their ability to separate sodium from radioactively contaminated sodium salt solutions for treating U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) tank wastes. Ceramatec Inc. developed and fabricated a membrane containing a proprietary NAS-GY material formulation that was electrochemically tested in a bench-scale apparatus with both a simulant and a radioactive tank-waste solution to determine the membrane performance when removing sodium from DOE tank wastes. Implementing this sodium separation process can result in significant cost savings by reducing the disposal volume of low-activity wastes and by producing a NaOH feedstock product for recycle into waste treatment processes such as sludge leaching, regenerating ion exchange resins, inhibiting corrosion in carbon-steel tanks, or retrieving tank wastes.
Fountain, Matthew S.; Kurath, Dean E.; Sevigny, Gary J.; Poloski, Adam P.; Pendleton, J.; Balagopal, S.; Quist, M.; Clay, D.
Two-dimensional charge fluctuation in ?-Na0.33V2O5
We have investigated the critical phenomena of the metal-to-insulator (MI) transition of ?-Na0.33V2O5. The critical exponent ? of 0.226(3) and anisotropic diffuse scattering suggest that the MI transition of ?-Na0.33V2O5 is two dimensional in nature and that the dimension of the order parameter is not Ising. The non-Ising-like order parameter indicates that the MI transition is not a simple order-disorder type such as that of ??-NaV2O5 but charge-density-wave like, where the valence at each V site is continuous and the arrangement is modulated. This closely corresponds to the situation predicted by neutron diffraction measurements [Nagai et al., J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 74, 1297 (2005)] and NMR measurements [Itoh et al., Phys. Rev. B 74, 054434 (2006)].
Kenji Ohwada, Touru Yamauchi, Yasuhiko Fujii, and Yutaka Ueda
An Evaluation of the NaS Battery Storage Potential for Providing Regulation Service in California
Sodium sulfur (NaS) batteries can provide energy storage, real-time dispatch, regulation, frequency response, and other essential services to the power grids. This study presents the technical characteristics, modeling approach, methodologies, and results for providing regulation services in the California Independent System Operator (CAISO) market. Two different scenarios were studied and compared: a scenario without intermittent renewable-energy resource penetration (base case) and a scenario with significant renewable-energy resource penetration (including wind) reaching 20% of CAISO�s energy supply. In addition, breakeven cost analyses were developed for four cases. Based on the results of the technical and cost analyses, the opportunities for the NaS battery providing the regulation services are discussed, design improvements for the battery�s physical characteristics are recommended, and modifications of the regulation signals sent to NaS batteries are proposed.
Lu, Ning; Weimar, Mark R.; Makarov, Yuri V.; Loutan, Clyde
Thermodynamic and kinetic analyses of the CO2 chemisorption mechanism on Na2TiO3: Experimental and theoretical evidences
ABSTRACT: Sodium metatitanate (Na2TiO3) was successfully synthesized via a solid-state reaction. The Na2TiO3 structure and microstructure were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and N2 adsorption. Then, the CO2 chemisorption mechanism on Na2TiO3 was systematically analyzed to determine the influence of temperature. The CO2 chemisorption capacity of Na2TiO3 was evaluated both dynamically and isothermally, and the products were reanalyzed to elucidate the Na2TiO3?CO2 reaction mechanism. Different chemical species (Na2CO3, Na2O, and Na4Ti5O12 or Na16Ti10O28) were identified during the CO2 capture process in Na2TiO3. In addition, some CO2 chemisorption kinetic parameters were determined. The ?H? was found to be 140.9 kJ/mol, to the Na2TiO3?CO2 system, between 600 and 780 �C. Results evidenced that CO2 chemisorption on Na2TiO3 highly depends on the reaction temperature. Furthermore, the experiments were theoretically supported by different thermodynamic calculations. The calculated thermodynamic properties of CO2 capture reactions by (Na2TiO3, Na4Ti5O12, and Na16Ti10O28) sodium titanates were fully investigated.
Duan, Yuhua [U.S. DOE
Differential thermal analysis of the liquidus relations in the system NaCl-H sub 2 O to 6 kbar
The liquidus relations in the system NaCl-H{sub 2}O were investigated between 300 and 925C and between 0.4 and 6 kbar for compositions between 27.6 and 100 mol% NaCl by high-pressure differential thermal analysis. The PT slope of the liquidus increases from 10.5C/kbar for a composition with 27.6 mol% NaCl to 20.8C/kbar with 90 mol% NaCl to 21.8C/kbar with pure NaCl. The PT slope of the vapor saturation surface at the composition with 27.6 mol% NaCl is linear over the pressure range investigated and has a slope of 294C/kbar. On the basis of the experiments the composition of the liquids along the NaCl-rich part of the three-phase assemblage halite + liquid + vapor was determined: the liquid composition varies nearly linearly to within 0.5 wt% NaCl at temperatures above 480C, following the expression wt% (NaCl) = 0.1412T (C) - 12.96.
Koster van Groos, A.F. (Univ. of Illinois, Chicago (United States))
Estimativa do recurso contingente dos folhelhos ole�genos da Forma��o Trememb�, Bacia de Taubat�, na regi�o de Trememb�-Pindamonhangaba, SP.
??Esta disserta��o tem como objetivo apresentar uma estimativa preliminar do volume de recurso contingente n�o-convencionais de folhelhos ole�genos (oil shale) na Forma��o Trememb� atrav�s de� (more)
Leonardo Sim�es Pimentel
Efficient near-infrared quantum cutting in NaYF4: Ho3+, Yb3+ for solar photovoltaics
Quantum cutting converting a ultraviolet photon into two near-infrared photons has been demonstrated by spectroscopic measurements in NaYF4:Ho3+,Yb3+...
Deng, Kaimo; Gong, Tao; Hu, Lingxun; Wei, Xiantao; Chen, Yonghu; Yin, Min
Impact of Biodiesel-Based Na on the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) of NOx Using Cu-zeolite
Discusses the impact of Na in biodiesel on three emission control devices: the diesel particulate filter, diesel oxidation catalyst, and zeolyte-based SCR catalyst
Static and dynamic polarizabilities of Na? within a variationally stable coupled-channel hyperspherical method
Using a model potential representation combined with a variationally stable method, we present a precise calculation of the electric dipole polarizabilities of the sodium negative ion (Na?). The effective two-electron eigensolutions for Na? are obtained from a hyperspherical coupled-channel calculation. This approach allows efficient error control and insight into the system�s properties through one-dimensional potential curves. Our result of 1018.3a.u. for the static dipole polarizability is in agreement with previous calculations and supports our results for the dynamic polarizability, which has scarcely been investigated hitherto.
Mauro Masili and J. J. De Groote
Chemical and Electrochemical Differences in Nonaqueous Li�O2 and Na�O2 Batteries
The most intriguing difference between the two batteries is their respective galvanostatic charging overpotentials: a Na�O2 battery exhibits a low overpotential throughout most of its charge, whereas a Li�O2 battery has a low initial overpotential that continuously increases to very high voltages by the end of charge. ... Li metal was purchased from FMC, Na metal was purchased from GalliumSource, P50 Avcarb carbon paper was purchased from the Fuel Cell Store, and Whatman glass fiber filters (QM-A grade) were used as the separator. ...
Bryan D. McCloskey; Jeannette M. Garcia; Alan C. Luntz
Off-center Tl and Na dopant centers in CsI
We use density functional theory calculations to characterize the electronic and structural properties of the Tl and Na dopant centers in CsI. We nd that the Tl and Na centers can accept one or two electrons and couple to long-range relaxations in the surrounding crystal lattice to distort strongly off-center to multiple distinct minima, even without a triplet excitation. The long-range distortions are a mechanism to couple to phonon modes in the crystal, and are expected to play an important role in the phonon-assisted transport of polarons in activated CsI and subsequent light emission in this scintillator.
Van Ginhoven, Renee M.; Schultz, P. A.
At the end of 2002, the Experimental Breeder Reactor Two (EBR-II) facility became a U.S. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) permitted site, and the RCRA permit1 compelled further treatment of the residual sodium in order to convert it into a less reactive chemical form and remove the by-products from the facility, so that a state of RCRA 'closure' for the facility may be achieved (42 U.S.C. 6901-6992k, 2002). In response to this regulatory driver, and in recognition of project budgetary and safety constraints, it was decided to treat the residual sodium in the EBR-II primary and secondary sodium systems using a process known as 'carbonation.' In early EBR-II post-operation documentation, this process is also called 'passivation.' In the carbonation process (Sherman and Henslee, 2005), the system containing residual sodium is flushed with humidified carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}). The water vapor in the flush gas reacts with residual sodium to form sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and the CO{sub 2} in the flush gas reacts with the newly formed NaOH to make sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO{sub 3}). Hydrogen gas (H{sub 2}) is produced as a by-product. The chemical reactions occur at the exposed surface of the residual sodium. The NaHCO{sub 3} layer that forms is porous, and humidified carbon dioxide can penetrate the NaHCO{sub 3} layer to continue reacting residual sodium underneath. The rate of reaction is controlled by the thickness of the NaHCO{sub 3} surface layer, the moisture input rate, and the residual sodium exposed surface area. At the end of carbonation, approximately 780 liters of residual sodium in the EBR-II primary tank ({approx}70% of original inventory), and just under 190 liters of residual sodium in the EBR-II secondary sodium system ({approx}50% of original inventory), were converted into NaHCO{sub 3}. No bare surfaces of residual sodium remained after treatment, and all remaining residual sodium deposits are covered by a layer of NaHCO{sub 3}. From a safety standpoint, the inventory of residual sodium in these systems was greatly reduced by using the carbonation process. From a regulatory standpoint, the process was not able to achieve deactivation of all residual sodium, and other more aggressive measures will be needed if the remaining residual sodium must also be deactivated to meet the requirements of the existing environmental permit. This chapter provides a project history and technical summary of the carbonation of EBR-II residual sodium. Options for future treatment are also discussed.
Sherman, S.; Knight, C.
Heterovalent substitutions in Na2M2TeO6 family: Crystal structure, fast sodium ion conduction and phase transition of Na2LiFeTeO6
Abstract A new solid electrolyte Na2LiFeTeO6 has been prepared by solid-state reactions in air at 700��C and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, redox titration and impedance measurements on ceramic samples. It is a new superstructure type of the well-known hexagonal layered P2 type with complete ordering of Li, Fe and Te in octahedral brucite-like layers: orthorhombic, P212121, a�=�5.2109(1), b�=�8.9791(2), c�=�11.2389(2)��, Z�=�4. At room temperature, sodium ions in the interlayer gap are concentrated in two of the six non-equivalent trigonal prisms; at elevated temperatures, they exhibit high ionic conductivity, e.g., 4�S/m at 300��C. Orthorhombic distortion decreases on heating, presumably due to sodium movement, and vanishes at ca. 400��C giving rise to the hexagonal Na2Co2TeO6-type structure. Analogous Na2LiRTeO6 (R�=�Al or Ga), Na2LiFeWO6, Na2Mn2TeO6, Na2M2WO6 (M�=�Ni or Cu), Na2NiMSbO6 (M�=�Al or Fe) and Na2NiAlTO6 (T�=�Nb or Ta) could not be prepared.
V.B. Nalbandyan; ?.?. Petrenko; M.A. Evstigneeva
Photovoltaic mechanism in Na-substituted BiFeO3 films
Na-substituted BiFeO3 films were prepared on FTO/glass substrates using the sol�gel method. XRD results showed that all films adopted random orientation and an R3m perovskite structure. UV�Vis absorption results indicated that the films exhibited intense absorbance around 450�nm. The band gaps were 2.59�eV, 2.63�eV, 2.62�eV and 2.52�eV for the films substituted with 0%, 5%, 10% and 20% Na, respectively. A substantially enhanced photovoltaic effect was observed in the 20% Na substituted BiFeO3 film; its short-circuit current density was 1.26��A�cm?2 and the open circuit voltage was ?0.66�V. Meanwhile, polarization-modulated Jsc and Voc were observed in the 20% Na substituted BiFeO3 film and the mechanism was studied using the Schottky barrier combined with the ferroelectric polarization model.
Chengyan Wang; Xingyun Liu; Su Sheng; Yong Zhou; Hongri Liu; Yuxia Sun
Results from DAMA/NaI and perspectives for DAMA/LIBRA
The about 100 kg highly radiopure NaI(Tl) set-up of the DAMA project (DAMA/NaI) took data over seven annual cycles up to July 2002 and has achieved results on various rare processes. Its main aim has actually been the exploitation of the model independent WIMP annual modulation signature. After this conference the total exposure, collected during the seven annual cycles, was released. This cumulative exposure (107731 kg day) has given a model independent evidence for the presence of a Dark Matter particle component in the galactic halo at 6.3 sigma C.L.; this main result is summarised here. Some of the many possible corollary model dependent quests for the candidate particle are mentioned. At present, after about five years of new developments, a second generation low background set-up (DAMA/LIBRA with a mass of about 250 kg NaI(Tl)) was built and is taking data since March 2003. New R&D efforts toward a possible NaI(Tl) ton set-up, we proposed in 1996, have been funded and started in 2003.
R. Bernabei; P. Belli; F. Cappella; F. Montecchia; F. Nozzoli; A. Incicchitti; D. Prosperi; R. Cerulli; C. J. Dai; H. H. Kuang; J. M. Ma; Z. P. Ye
Hydrogen embrittlement of a bimaterial C. Ayas, N.A. Fleck, V.S. Deshpande
Hydrogen embrittlement of a bimaterial C. Ayas, N.A. Fleck, V.S. Deshpande Department, or increase susceptibility to corrosion or hydrogen embrittlement (Sireesha et al., 2000). The weld strength. Hydrogen embrittlement is a recognised threat for welded joints since hy- drogen take-up can arise during
Fleck, Norman A.
Super-Elastic and Plastic Shock Waves Generated by Lasers N.A. Inogamov a,1
Super-Elastic and Plastic Shock Waves Generated by Lasers N.A. Inogamov a,1 , V.V. Zhakhovsky b,3 firstname.lastname@example.com, i firstname.lastname@example.com Keywords: Femtosecond laser-matter interactions, elastic-plastic there is an elastic shock wave (SW), which propagates before the strong plastic shock with plastic pressures of up
Fominov, Yakov
E-Print Network 3.0 - alongamento mesenterial na Sample Search...
mutant... in Annexin V binding buffer (0.01 M Hepes, pH 7.4; 0.14 mM NaCl; 2.5 mM CaCl2). Two hundred microliters Source: Littman, Dan - Skirball Institute of Biomolecular...
E-Print Network 3.0 - alloiococcus otitidis na Sample Search...
the frequency of the NotI target site. In contrast... H 7.6), 20 mM NaCl, and 1 mM CaCl2. Crystals of the apo enzyme were grown (2.0 M (NH4)2SO4, 100 mM MES Source: Stoddard,...
E-Print Network 3.0 - anodo na oxidacao Sample Search Results
(i.e., a biofilm that can efficiently transfer electrons... , 0.25-1.0 g; NH4Cl, 0.2 g; CaCl2,2H2O, 0.15 g; KCl, 0.33 g; NaCl, 0.30 g; MgCl2, 3.15 g; K2HPO4, 1... ). If methanogens...
Loanwords in Kali'na, a Cariban language of French Guyana Odile Renault-Lescure
. It is constituted by the five Guianas: Venezuelan Guiana, (formerly British) Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana distributed in these countries. 11.141 live in Venezuela, 3000 in Guyana (Forte 2000), 3000 in Suriname (Boven% in Suriname; there is no precise data for French Guiana, but the rate is high). The Kali'na people speak
Non-Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics of NaFH photodissociation Ahren W. Jaspera
Non-Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics of Na¯FH photodissociation Ahren W. Jaspera Combustion 20 November 2007 The accuracy of non-Born-Oppenheimer electronically nonadiabatic semiclassical are re- stricted to a single Born-Oppenheimer electronic state typi- cally, the ground electronic state
Truhlar, Donald G
Na K -pump ligands modulate gating of palytoxin-induced ion channels
proteins that mediate transport of ions across cell membranes, they traditionally have been viewed as very to the extracellular surface. The 3Na 2K -exchange transport cycle is completed when two extracellular K ions bind ensure the vectorial nature of net transport. The occluded-ion conformations, with binding sites
ION CHANNELS The Na/K-ATPase/Src complex and cardiotonic
machine for the ATP-dependent and -coupled transport of Na+ and K+ across the plasma membrane of a living sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca-ATPase Introduction The P-type ATPases control ion fluxes across the cell membrane;allow the movement of ions across the cell membrane. They could also alter the function
Brand, Paul H.
Na,K-ATPase Subunits as Markers for Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer and Fibrosis
...Cancer and Fibrosis Sigrid A. Rajasekaran 1 Thu P. Huynh 2 Daniel G. Wolle 1 Cromwell E. Espineda 2 Landon J. Inge 2 Anna...junction-associated proteins. J Biol Chem 2007;282:12127-34. 22 Violette MI , Madan P, Watson AJ. Na+/K+ -ATPase regulates tight...
Sigrid A. Rajasekaran; Thu P. Huynh; Daniel G. Wolle; Cromwell E. Espineda; Landon J. Inge; Anna Skay; Charles Lassman; Susanne B. Nicholas; Jeffrey F. Harper; Anna E. Reeves; Mansoor M. Ahmed; James M. Leatherman; James M. Mullin; and Ayyappan K. Rajasekaran
Influence of NaCl on cathode performance of solid oxide fuel cells
Degradation induced by sodium chloride in air was...0.8Sr0.2)0.98MnO3(LSM) and La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3(LSCF) cathodes in solid oxide fuel cells(SOFC). Cell performance was measured by volatilizing NaCl to...2...fo...
Run-ru Liu; De-jun Wang; Jing Leng
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Grant Title: THE AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY FELLOWSHIP AND GRANTS Funding Opportunity Number: N/A Agency/Department: The American Philosophical Society. Area of Research: Fellowships and grants: September 1; Franklin Research Grants: October 1 and December 1; Lewis and Clark Fund for Exploration
Roles for Mitochondrial and Reverse Mode Na /Ca2 and the Plasmalemma Ca2
Roles for Mitochondrial and Reverse Mode Na /Ca2 Exchange and the Plasmalemma Ca2 ATPase in Post the processes regulating presynaptic cal- cium concentration ([Ca2 ]i ) in the generation of post-tetanic potentiation (PTP) at crayfish neuromuscular junctions, using spectrophotometric dyes to measure changes in [Ca
Zucker, Robert S.
Enhancement of direct sulfation of limestone by Na2CO3 addition
For an oxy-fuel circulating fluidized bed combustion system, the limestone calcination is normally prevented due to excessive CO2 partial pressures and the limestone is subject to a direct sulfation reaction. The enhancement of the direct sulfation of limestone by Na2CO3 was investigated under high CO2 partial pressure in a thermogravimetric apparatus (TGA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis method. A commercial limestone with a mean size of 18.8�?m was used. Experimental results indicate that the incorporation of Na+ ions in solid product CaSO4 lattice structures results in formation of more extrinsic point defects in the crystal lattices of CaSO4 and a significantly increased solid-state diffusivity/mobility in the solid product. So the direct sulfation of Na2CO3-doped limestone shows higher rate and higher degree of conversion in the later stage of sulfation, in comparison with the direct sulfation of original limestone. The reaction changes from diffusional control to chemical reaction control in the presence of Na2CO3 because of the effect of foreign ions on accelerating the solid-state diffusion.
Chuanmin Chen; Ye Zhuang; Chunbo Wang
Upper limit on the cross section for reactor antineutrinos changing 22Na decay rates
In this paper we present results of a long-term observation of the decay of 22Na in the presence of a nuclear fission reactor. The measurements were made outside the containment wall of and underneath the Koeberg nuclear power plant near Cape Town, South Africa. Antineutrino fluxes ranged from ~5*10^11 to 1.6*10^13 cm^-2 s^-1 during this period. We show that the coincidence summing technique provides a sensitive tool to measure a change in the total decay constant as well as the branching ratio between EC and beta+ decay of 22Na to the first excited state in 22Ne. We observe a relative change in count rate between reactor-ON and reactor-OFF equal to (-0.51+/-0.11)*10^-4. After evaluating possible systematic uncertainties we conclude that the effect is either due to a hidden instrumental cause or due to an interaction between antineutrinos and the 22Na nucleus. An upper limit of ~0.03 barn has been deduced for observing any change in the decay rate of 22Na due to antineutrino interactions.
de Meijer, R J
R. J. de Meijer; S. W. Steyn
LANL surveillance requirements management and surveillance requirements from NA-12 tasking memo
Surveillance briefing to NNSA to support a tasking memo from NA-12 on Surveillance requirements. This talk presents the process for developing surveillance requirements, discusses the LANL requirements that were issued as part of that tasking memo, and presents recommendations on Component Evaluation and Planning Committee activities for FY11.
Hills, Charles R [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Measurement of (n,a) reactions on 147 Sm using a lead
of Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA b 12180, USA c Los Alamos Neutron Science Center Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico of the (n,a) cross section on 147 Sm and perform measurements on 149 Sm over the energy range 0.1 eV10 ke
Danon, Yaron
Biomaterials 28 (2007) 49014911 Stresscorrosion crack growth of SiNaKMgCaPO bioactive
Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Stress corrosion; Bioactive glass; Subcritical crack growthBiomaterials 28 (2007) 49014911 Stresscorrosion crack growth of SiNaKMgCaPO bioactive Available online 21 August 2007 Abstract This paper describes research on the stresscorrosion crack growth
Ritchie, Robert
Erratum: High-NA aberration retrieval with the Extended Nijboer-Zernike
of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, NL-2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands P. Dirksen, A.J.E.M. Janssen Philips Research Europe, Professor Holstlaan 4, NL-5656 AA Eindhoven, The Netherlands In the paper "High-NA aberration regrettable notation errors are present in Eq.(10), page 06004-3. The expression gives the azimuthal Fourier
Temperature induced immiscibility in the NaCl?H[subscript 2]O system at high pressure
High-pressure polymorphs of H{sub 2}O are a major component in many outer planets, extra solar bodies, and icy satellites. This study sought to examine the influence of ionic impurities on the phase stability, thermal expansion, and melting curve of ice VII. Powder diffraction patterns of ice VII formed from pure H{sub 2}O and 5 wt.% NaCl aqueous solutions were taken at room temperature up to 11.1 {+-} 0.3 and 26.6 {+-} 0.4 GPa, respectively. Thermal expansions, {alpha}, of all ice VII samples were recorded and modeled up to the melting point of the samples. Ice VII formed from a NaCl-bearing aqueous solution at pressures greater than 2.2 GPa and less than 500 K can be indexed by ice VII only, whereas at temperatures greater than 500 K, diffraction lines indicative of halite (NaCl) are observed and become more intense with increasing temperature and only disappear at the melting point of the high-pressure ice. This phenomenon was observed in all NaCl-bearing ice samples that were heated to greater than 500 K. The melting curves of ice VII formed from pure H{sub 2}O and a 5 wt.% NaCl aqueous solution suggest that the presence of Na{sup +} and Cl{sup -} in the ice VII structure results in a depression of the melting curve by approximately 40 K. The exsolution of halite from the NaCl-doped ice VII and the depression of the ice VII melting curve suggest that the presence of ionic impurities in ice VII may promote the formation of a self-segregating zone deep within ice-rich bodies. This zone could initiate the formation of solute-rich melt pockets that may ascend toward the surface and result in surface manifestations such as solute-bearing aqueous vents, unexplained domes/diapirism, and/or salt-rich regions.
Frank, M.R.; Scott, H.P.; Maglio, S.J.; Prakapenka, V.B.; Shen, G. (NIU); (CIW); (UC); (Indiana)
Na, Mg, Ni and Cs distribution and speciation after long-term alteration of a simulated nuclear waste glass
distribution and speciation of Na, Mg, Ni and Cs in a simulated (inactive) nuclear waste glass were studied and Cs represent dose determining long-lived radionuclides (59 Ni, 135 Cs) in vitrified nuclear wasteNa, Mg, Ni and Cs distribution and speciation after long-term alteration of a simulated nuclear
Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of the NMR Line Shapes of LiF and NaF Single Crystals
Experimental cw line shapes have been obtained for Li7, Na23, and F19 nuclei in NaF and LiF single crystals, and compared with several line-shape theories. A new line-shape theory is described which gives better results than previous ones for these two crystal systems.
Ben T. Gravely and J. D. Memory
Calcite dissolution and Ca/Na ion-exchange reactions in columns with different flow rates through high ESR soil
The leaching of a Na?-affected calcareous soil with water results in two concurrent recesses: (i) CaCO? dissolution, and (ii) replacement of Na? on the cation-exchange complex by Ca�?. In the current study, Woodward soil (coarse-silty, mixed...
Navarre, Audrey
Advances in X-Ray Chemical Analysis, Japan, 45 (2014) ISSN 0911-7806 Color Center in NaCl
. In addition, the color of NaCl changes to pale purple when irradiated with 405 nm laser after X-ray irradiation and to light brown when irradiated with 532 nm laser after X-ray irradiation. The colorCl, Sodium chloride, X-ray irradiation, Laser irradiation, White fluorescent lamp irradiation X X NaCl X X X
Jun, Kawai
Improved Hydrogen Storage Kinetics of Nanoconfined NaAlH4 Catalyzed with TiCl3 Nanoparticles
Improved Hydrogen Storage Kinetics of Nanoconfined NaAlH4 Catalyzed with TiCl3 Nanoparticles ... We demonstrate that NaAlH4 confined within the nanopores of a titanium-functionalized metal�organic framework (MOF) template MOF-74(Mg) can reversibly store hydrogen with minimal loss of capacity. ...
Thomas K. Nielsen; Marek Polanski; Dariusz Zasada; Payam Javadian; Flemming Besenbacher; Jerzy Bystrzycki; J�rgen Skibsted; Torben R. Jensen
Modeling the sorption dynamics of NaH using a reactive force field J. G. O. Ojwang,1,a
Modeling the sorption dynamics of NaH using a reactive force field J. G. O. Ojwang,1,a Rutger van that the fall in potential energy is associated with either cluster fragmentation or de- sorption of molecular ReaxFFNaAlH4 to study the structural and dynamical details of hydrogen ab de sorption processes in Na
Cleaning residual NaK in the fast flux test facility fuel storage cooling system
The Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF), located on the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Reservation, is a liquid metal-cooled test reactor. The FFTF was constructed to support the U.S. Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor Program. The bulk of the alkali metal (sodium and NaK) has been drained and will be stored onsite prior to final disposition. Residual NaK needed to be removed from the pipes, pumps, heat exchangers, tanks, and vessels in the Fuel Storage Facility (FSF) cooling system. The cooling system was drained in 2004 leaving residual NaK in the pipes and equipment. The estimated residual NaK volume was 76 liters in the storage tank, 1.9 liters in the expansion tank, and 19-39 liters in the heat transfer loop. The residual NaK volume in the remainder of the system was expected to be very small, consisting of films, droplets, and very small pools. The NaK in the FSF Cooling System was not radiologically contaminated. The portions of the cooling system to be cleaned were divided into four groups: 1. The storage tank, filter, pump, and associated piping; 2. The heat exchanger, expansion tank, and associated piping; 3. Argon supply piping; 4. In-vessel heat transfer loop. The cleaning was contracted to Creative Engineers, Inc. (CEI) and they used their superheated steam process to clean the cooling system. It has been concluded that during the modification activities (prior to CEI coming onsite) to prepare the NaK Cooling System for cleaning, tank T-914 was pressurized relative to the In-Vessel NaK Cooler and NaK was pushed from the tank back into the Cooler and that on November 6, 2005, when the gas purge through the In-Vessel NaK Cooler was increased from 141.6 slm to 283.2 slm, NaK was forced from the In-Vessel NaK Cooler and it contacted water in the vent line and/or scrubber. The gases from the reaction then traveled back through the vent line coating the internal surface of the vent line with NaK and NaK reaction products. The hot gases also exited the scrubber through the stack and due to the temperature of the gas, the hydrogen auto ignited when it mixed with the oxygen in the air. There was no damage to equipment, no injuries, and no significant release of hazardous material. Even though the FSF Cooling System is the only system at FFTF that contains residual NaK, there are lessons to be learned from this event that can be applied to future residual sodium removal activities. The lessons learned are: - Before cleaning equipment containing residual alkali metal the volume of alkali metal in the equipment should be minimized to the extent practical. As much as possible, reconfirm the amount and location of the alkali metal immediately prior to cleaning, especially if additional evolutions have been performed or significant time has passed. This is especially true for small diameter pipe (<20.3 centimeters diameter) that is being cleaned in place since gas flow is more likely to move the alkali metal. Potential confirmation methods could include visual inspection (difficult in all-metal systems), nondestructive examination (e.g., ultrasonic measurements) and repeating previous evolutions used to drain the system. Also, expect to find alkali metal in places it would not reasonably be expected to be. - Staff with an intimate knowledge of the plant equipment and the bulk alkali metal draining activities is critical to being able to confirm the amount and locations of the alkali metal residuals and to safely clean the residuals. - Minimize the potential for movement of alkali metal during cleaning or limit the distance and locations into which alkali metal can move. - Recognize that when working with alkali metal reactions, occasional pops and bangs are to be anticipated. - Pre-plan emergency responses to unplanned events to assure responses planned for an operating reactor are appropriate for the deactivation phase.
Burke, T.M.; Church, W.R. [Fluor Hanford, PO Box 1000, Richland, Washington, 99352 (United States); Hodgson, K.M. [Fluor Government Group, PO Box 1050, Richland, Washington, 99352 (United States)
Investigations to convert CO2, NaCl and H2O into Na2CO3 and \\{HCl\\} by thermal solar energy with high solar efficiency
Abstract Exhaust CO2, NaCl and H2O can be converted to Na2CO3 and \\{HCl\\} by the MgCl2/MgO modified ammonia soda process at a maximum temperature of 525��C. Such a temperature is easily reached by solar troughs. Subsequently this process stores thermal solar energy as chemical energy and concomitantly CO2 can be removed from the environment. The process has been investigated theoretically and experimentally to further enhance its solar efficiency. It is shown theoretically that Mg-compounds are unique for this process and that the MgCl2/MgO modification is optimal. Experiments demonstrate that by splitting the main reaction of this process into two steps the solar efficiency can be enhanced to 21.5% and very highly concentrated \\{HClaq\\} can be obtained. The yield of the main chemical reaction exceeds 95% at 525��C. Suggestions are given for an improved thermal solar trough system to perform the main chemical reaction.
Martin Forster
K{sub 2}NaOsO{sub 5.5} and K{sub 3}NaOs{sub 2}O{sub 9}: The first osmium perovskites containing alkali cations at the 'A' site
K{sub 2}NaOsO{sub 5.5} and K{sub 3}NaOs{sub 2}O{sub 9} were obtained from solid-state reactions of potassium superoxide, sodium peroxide and osmium metal at elevated oxygen pressures. K{sub 2}NaOsO{sub 5.5} crystallizes as an oxygen-deficient cubic double perovskite in space group Fm3{sup Macron }m with a=8.4184(5) A and contains isolated OsO{sub 6} octahedra. K{sub 3}NaOs{sub 2}O{sub 9} crystallizes hexagonally in P6{sub 3}/mmc with a=5.9998(4) A and c=14.3053(14) A. K{sub 3}NaOs{sub 2}O{sub 9} consists of face sharing Os{sub 2}O{sub 9} pairs of octahedra. According to magnetic measurements K{sub 2}NaOsO{sub 5.5} is diamagnetic, whereas K{sub 3}NaOs{sub 2}O{sub 9} displays strong antiferromagnetic coupling (T{sub N}=140 K), indicating enhanced magnetic interactions within the octahedral pair. - Graphical abstract: High oxidation states of Os, obtained by high oxygen pressure synthesis, are accommodated in double and triple perovskite matrices. K{sub 3}NaOs{sub 2}O{sub 9} displays enhanced magnetic interactions. Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer New osmates containing highly oxidized Os were obtained by high O{sub 2} pressure synthesis. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer High oxidation states of Os are accommodated in double and triple perovskite matrices. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Both compounds represent the first Os perovskites with an alkali metal at the A site. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer K{sub 3}NaOs{sub 2}O{sub 9} displays enhanced magnetic interactions within the octahedral pair.
Mogare, Kailash M.; Klein, Wilhelm [Stuttgart, Max-Planck-Institut fuer Festkoerperforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart (Germany); Jansen, Martin, E-mail: email@example.com [Stuttgart, Max-Planck-Institut fuer Festkoerperforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart (Germany)
Synthesis, structure and properties of new chain cuprates, Na{sub 3}Cu{sub 2}O{sub 4} and Na{sub 8}Cu{sub 5}O{sub 10}
Na{sub 3}Cu{sub 2}O{sub 4} and Na{sub 8}Cu{sub 5}O{sub 10} were prepared via the azide/nitrate route from stoichiometric mixtures of the precursors CuO, NaN{sub 3} and NaNO{sub 3}. Single crystals have been grown by subsequent annealing of the as prepared powders at 500 deg. C for 2000h in silver crucibles, which were sealed in glass ampoules under dried Ar. According to the X-ray analysis of the crystal structures (Na{sub 3}Cu{sub 2}O{sub 4}: P2{sub 1}/n, Z=4, a=5.7046(2), b=11.0591(4), c=8.0261(3)A, {beta}=108.389(1){sup o}, 2516 independent reflections, R{sub 1}(all)=0.0813, wR{sub 2} (all)=0.1223; Na{sub 8}Cu{sub 5}O{sub 10}: Cm, Z=2, a=8.228(1), b=13.929(2), c=5.707(1)A, {beta}=111.718(2){sup o}, 2949 independent reflections, R{sub 1}(all)=0.0349, wR{sub 2} (all)=0.0850), the main feature of both crystal structures are CuO{sub 2} chains built up from planar, edge-sharing CuO{sub 4} squares. From the analysis of the Cu-O bond lengths, the valence states of either +2 or +3 can be unambiguously assigned to each copper atom. In Na{sub 3}Cu{sub 2}O{sub 4} these ions alternate in the chains, in Na{sub 8}Cu{sub 5}O{sub 10} the periodically repeated part consists of five atoms according to Cu{sup II}-Cu{sup II}-Cu{sup III}-Cu{sup II}-Cu{sup III}. The magnetic susceptibilities show the dominance of antiferromagnetic interactions. At high temperatures the compounds exhibit Curie-Weiss behaviour (Na{sub 3}Cu{sub 2}O{sub 4}: {mu}=1.7{mu}{sub B}, {theta}=-160K, Na{sub 8}Cu{sub 5}O{sub 10}: {mu}=1.8{mu}{sub B}, {theta}=-58K, magnetic moments per divalent copper ion). Antiferromagmetic ordering is observed to occur in these compounds below 13K (Na{sub 3}Cu{sub 2}O{sub 4}) and 24K (Na{sub 8}Cu{sub 5}O{sub 10})
Sofin, Mikhail [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Festkoerperforschung, Heisenbergstr. 1, D-70569 Stuttgart (Germany); Peters, Eva-Maria [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Festkoerperforschung, Heisenbergstr. 1, D-70569 Stuttgart (Germany); Jansen, Martin [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Festkoerperforschung, Heisenbergstr. 1, D-70569 Stuttgart (Germany)]. E-mail: email@example.com
2011 Annual Workforce Analysis and Staffing Plan Report - NNSA HQ NA-10
printed 2/17/2012 2:23:00 PM Page 1 of 8 printed 2/17/2012 2:23:00 PM Page 1 of 8 Annual Workforce Analysis and Staffing Plan Report As of December 31, 2011 Reporting Office: NNSA NA-10 HQ (including NA-15 inputs) Section One: Current Mission(s) of the Organization and Potential Changes NNSA Mission: To strengthen United States security through the military application of nuclear energy. NNSA Vision: To be an integrated nuclear security enterprise operating an efficient and agile nuclear weapons complex, recognized as preeminent in technical leadership and program management. Organizational Changes: NNSA is in the final phase of re-organizing. This plan reflects known changes that resulted from the elimination of the ABQ Service Center and re-distribution of the functions and personnel, some of whom were part of the TQP Program. The plan has also
MHK Projects/Ocean Navitas NaREC | Open Energy Information
Navitas NaREC Navitas NaREC < MHK Projects Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":5,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"500px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"File:Aquamarine-marker.png","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":55.1294,"lon":-1.50652,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"http:\/\/prod-http-80-800498448.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com\/w\/images\/7\/74\/Aquamarine-marker.png","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
OFFICE OF CIVIL RIGHTS NA-1.2 VIDEO LIBRARY Item Title
OFFICE OF CIVIL RIGHTS NA-1.2 OFFICE OF CIVIL RIGHTS NA-1.2 VIDEO LIBRARY Item # Title # of copies DVD / CD Length Year Publisher 1 A Clear Picture - Harassment in the Public Sector- Una Imagen Clara Acosoen el Sector Publico 1 DVD 2008 Coastal Training Technologies Corp. A Dupont Company 2 Harassment Hurts: It's Personal 1 DVD 16 min 2009 ATS Media 3 Harassment Is .. (government version) 1 DVD 21 min 2005 Coastal Training Technologies Corp. A Dupont Company 4 Harassment Made Simple 1 DVD 6 min 2011 TrainingABC 5 Harassment Training for Supervisors: Let's Face It. Capacitaci ón contra el Hostigamiento para Supervisores Enfrent émoslo 1 DVD 58 min 2007 Coastal Training Technologies Corp. A Dupont Company 6 It's UP to You: Stopping Sexual Harassment for Managers 1 DVD 27 min 2005 ATS Media 7 OpenLines: Exploring Harassment
Defective graphene as promising anode material for Na-ion battery and Ca-ion battery
We have investigated adsorption of Na and Ca on graphene with divacancy (DV) and Stone-Wales (SW) defect. Our results show that adsorption is not possible on pristine graphene. However, their adsorption on defective sheet is energetically favorable. The enhanced adsorption can be attributed to the increased charge transfer between adatoms and underlying defective sheet. With the increase in defect density until certain possible limit, maximum percentage of adsorption also increases giving higher battery capacity. For maximum possible DV defect, we can achieve maximum capacity of 1459 mAh/g for Na-ion batteries (NIBs) and 2900 mAh/g for Ca-ion batteries (CIBs). For graphene full of SW defect, we find the maximum capacity of NIBs and CIBs is around 1071 mAh/g and 2142 mAh/g respectively. Our results will help create better anode materials with much higher capacity and better cycling performance for NIBs and CIBs.
Datta, Dibakar; Shenoy, Vivek B
Low-energy positron-diffraction study of NaF and LiF
Using a magnetically transported beam of slow positrons, we have measured the elastic backscattering probability versus energy for positrons normally incident on air-cleaved and vacuum-cleaved (100) surfaces of NaF and LiF. We observe enormous first-order Bragg peaks and several higher-order peaks, the positions of which imply an inner potential of -0.5�0.2 and -0.1�0.2 eV for NaF and LiF, respectively. The atomic plane spacings are equal to the bulk values within 1/2%. There are only slight differences between the data obtained using the freshly air-cleaved and the vacuum-cleaved surfaces. Surface disorder may be responsible for the presence of some weak Bragg reflections corresponding to directions that would otherwise be inaccessible to the incident positron beam. The temperature dependence indicates that the disorder would not have a thermal origin.
A. P. Mills; Jr. and W. S. Crane
DALI2: A NaI(Tl) detector array for measurements of $?$ rays from fast nuclei
A NaI(Tl) detector array called DALI2 (Detector Array for Low Intensity radiation 2) has been constructed for in-beam $\\gamma$-ray spectroscopy experiments with fast radioactive isotope (RI) beams. It consists typically of 186 NaI(Tl) scintillators covering polar angles from $\\sim$15$^{\\circ}$ to $\\sim$160$^{\\circ}$ with an average angular resolution of 6$^{\\circ}$ in full width at half maximum. Its high granularity (good angular resolution) enables Doppler-shift corrections that result in, for example, 10% energy resolution and 20% full-energy photopeak efficiency for 1-MeV $\\gamma$ rays emitted from fast-moving nuclei (velocities of $v/c \\simeq 0.6$). DALI2 has been employed successfully in numerous experiments using fast RI beams with velocities of $v/c = 0.3 - 0.6$ provided by the RIKEN RI Beam Factory.
S. Takeuchi; T. Motobayashi; Y. Togano; M. Matsushita; N. Aoi; K. Demichi; H. Hasegawa; H. Murakami
MHK Projects/University of Manchester Phase 1 and 2 NaREC | Open Energy
University of Manchester Phase 1 and 2 NaREC University of Manchester Phase 1 and 2 NaREC < MHK Projects Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":5,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"500px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"File:Aquamarine-marker.png","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":55.1294,"lon":-1.50652,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"http:\/\/prod-http-80-800498448.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com\/w\/images\/7\/74\/Aquamarine-marker.png","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Short-Range Layered A-Site Ordering in Double Perovskites NaLaBB?O6 (B = Mn, Fe; B? = Nb, Ta)
The magnetic exchange interactions in NaLaFeTaO6 and NaLaFeNbO6 are antiferromagnetic, while they are ferromagnetic in NaLaMnTaO6 and NaLaMnNbO6. ... This work has benefited from the use of HIPD at the Lujan Center at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center, funded by DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences. ...
Walid Dachraoui; Tao Yang; Chang Liu; Graham King; Joke Hadermann; Gustaaf Van Tendeloo; Anna Llobet; Martha Greenblatt
Sistematizao de ocorrncias de desastres naturais na regio Sul do Brasil Silvia Midori Saito1
Sistematização de ocorrências de desastres naturais na região Sul do Brasil Silvia Midori Saito1 - GEODESASTRES-SUL Caixa Postal 5021 - CEP: 97110-970, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil {silvia.saito; camila próximo artigo 39 Anais XIV Simpósio Brasileiro de Sensoriamento Remoto, Natal, Brasil, 25-30 abril 2009
LIVROS DIDÁTICOS E SUAS FUN�?�?ES PARA O PROFESSOR DE MATEMÁTICA NO BRASIL E NA FRAN�?A. Clovis Gomes (França) GP 0517 Psicologia da educação matemática UNICAMP Campinas SP (Brasil) Jean dois países. No Brasil a compra de livros didáticos pelo governo brasileiro envolve volumes e cifras de
Technical Qualification Program Self-Assessment Report- NA-SH- 2013
The Office of the Associate Administrator for Safety and Health (NA-SH) TQP applies to those personnel who oversee defense nuclear facilities, to support the mission of NNSA. The requirement for this SA comes from DOE O 426.1A that states "Headquarters and Field Elements must conduct self-assessment of TQP and FTCP implementation within their organization at least every 4 years."
Two-photon absorption of color centers in NaF
Two-photon absorption cross sections of the N1 and F3+ centers in NaF have been determined by means of the luminescence excited by the two-photon absorption. The measured polarization dependence of the process led us to attribute the excitation to the Ag?Ag transition in the N1 center and to the A?E transition in the F3+ center.
M. Casalboni; U. M. Grassano; A. Tanga
Introduction L'Encyclopdie des Carabes ou Encyclopdie des Kali'na du Suriname
Introduction « L'Encyclopédie des Caraïbes » ou Encyclopédie des Kali'na du Suriname Odile Renault Suriname, jusqu'à la deuxième moitié du 20ème siècle5, pour désigner les peuples et langues de famille étude comparée des langues de la famille caribe du Suriname, ainsi que des descriptions grammaticales et
{alpha}-particle optical potentials for nuclear astrophysics (NA) and nuclear technology (NT)
The high precision of recent measurements for low-energy {alpha}-particle elastic-scattering as well as induced-reaction data makes possible the understanding of actual limits and possible improvement of the global optical model potentials parameters. Involvement of recent optical potentials for reliable description of both the elastic scattering and emission of {alpha}-particles, of equal interest for nuclear astrophysics (NA) and nuclear technology (NT) for fusion devices, is discussed in the present work.
Avrigeanu, V.; Avrigeanu, M. [Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, POBox MG-6, 077125 Magurele, Ilfov (Romania)
Honeywell FM&T, LLC Contract No. DE-NA0000622
FM&T, LLC FM&T, LLC Contract No. DE-NA0000622 Modification No. 016 Page 2 of 10 1. Part II - Contract Clauses. The following Section I clause is revised and replaced in its entirety as follows: I-11 52.204-4 PRINTED OR COPIED DOUBLE-SIDED ON POSTCONSUMER FIBER CONTENT PAPER (MAY 2011) (a) Definitions. As used in this clause- "Postconsumer fiber" means- (1) Paper, paperboard, and fibrous materials from retail stores, office
Tezaver slovenskega ljudskega jezika na Koro�kem � dokaz �ivosti gra�ke slavistike
do K, v pripravi je sedmi zvezek od L do M), v drugem pa kartografiranje posameznih diatopnih sinonimov na avstrijskem Koro�kem. The article deals with the long-term dialectological project of creat- ing a lexical inventory of the Slovene... zur�ck gegen Norden bis an die Mur, und von Hermagor westlich hinauf bis nach Luggau, so hat die Annahme des Vorr�ckens Deutscher Sprache alle Jahrhundert um eine Stunde beinahe Gewissheit erlangt (Jarnik 1826). Dandanes povzro?ajo germanizacijo...
Karni?ar, Ludvik
Aktivity Czech ICT Alliance na podporu inovac Michal Zlesk, Jitka Studenkov
Aktivity Czech ICT Alliance na podporu inovací Michal Zálesák, Jitka Studeníková Czech ICT Alliance Pedstavení Czech ICT Alliance Czech ICT Alliance je oficiální exportní aliance pro ICT vládní agentury Czech okruhy: · Aktivity v zahranicí · Aktivity v CR · Podpora inovací · Prbzné aktivity Czech ICT Alliance se
Savicky, Petr
Evaluation of aqueous Na{sup +}/Cs{sup +} separation by electrodialysis
In support of the Hanford Site cleanup, electrodialysis is being investigated as a method to separate aqueous sodium (Na{sup +}) and cesium (Cs{sup +}) ions. The approach has many advantages over existing separation technologies; in particular, electrodialysis creates little secondary waste while producing usable acid and base streams. The fundamentals of electrodialysis are presented in this report to provide a foundation for interpreting experimental data. A flat-plate laboratory-scale apparatus was used to determine the feasibility of separating Na{sup +}/Cs{sup +} mixtures by electrodialysis. The results showed that Cs{sup +} is preferentially separated over Na{sup +} by a factor of 2 to 3 using a Nafion{reg_sign} 417 cationic membrane. The separation is relatively insensitive to solution ionic strength and flow-rate variations. The current efficiency of the separation ranges from 0.60 to 0.65 depending on the applied voltage. The laboratory-scale system was characterized by dimensional analysis, which demonstrated that the process could be scaled up to a size attractive for the volume of waste at the Hanford Site. Preliminary experiments on a bench-scale system were also conducted. The initial results showed that the current-voltage response of the laboratory- and the bench-scale unit is identical.
Buehler, M.F.; Lawrence, W.E.; Norton, J.D.
Thermal Conductivity of LiF and NaF and the Ziman Limit
A model calculation of lattice thermal conductivity is presented and applied to measurements on LiF and NaF crystals of high purity. The treatment is in the spirit of a Callaway analysis, but at a somwhat more fundamental level: The Ziman variational principle for thermal conductivity derived from the phonon Boltzmann equation is used, with the phonon distribution function approximated by a displaced Planck part plus another term reducing the deviation from equilibrium for high-frequency phonons. An isotropic Debye approximation for the phonon spectra of LiF and NaF gives a good fit to the conductivity data, with only two semi-adjustable parameters (Gr�neisen constant and a zone-edge longitudinal phonon frequency) for the anharmonic contribution. The most important feature of the calculation is the failure of the thermal conductivity to approach the Ziman limit of resistanceless phonon-phonon N processes. This is due to the important role played by high-frequency phonons in thermal conduction. Even for an infinite perfect crystal at arbitrarily low temperatures, the Ziman limit underestimates the conductivity by at least 50%. If this prediction is correct, it is not a peculiarity of LiF and NaF alone, and should be of importance for the theory of second-sound propagation in insulators.
David Benin
Br-Cl-Na systematics in Illinois basin fluids: Constraints on fluid origin and evolution
The authors present here bromide, chloride, and sodium data for fluids from reservoirs of Ordovician through Pennsylvania age in the Illinois basic which suggest that remnant marine fluids contribute significantly to fluid Cl budgets. Cl/Br and NaBr ratios for Ordovician through Devonian formation fluids are relatively uniform and near those for seawater, despite greater than a factor of ten range in Cl concentration. In contrast, fluids from Mississippian and Pennsylvanian reservoirs, separated from older reservoirs by the New Albany Shale Group, have more variable fluid Cl/Br and Na/Br ratios, most of which are significantly greater then those of seawater. The 1:1 stoichiometry of Cl and Na increases for Mississippian and Pennsylvanian formation fluids is consistent with halite dissolution. Nevertheless, Br systematics and mass-balance considerations indicate that he overall Cl budget of Illinois basin formation fluids appears to be more significantly influenced by the contribution from subaerially evaporated seawater than by halite dissolution.
Walter, L.M.; Huston, T.J. (Washington Univ., St. Louis, Missouri (USA)); Stueber, A.M. (Southern Illinois Univ., Edwardsville (USA))
First principles calculations on Na and K-adsorbed diamond(100) surface
Self-consistent, periodic, density functional theory calculations, using PW91 functional, have been performed to investigate Na and K adsorption on the C(100)(2?1) surface. Our calculations showed that Na and K adatoms preferred to occupy valley-bridge sites at the coverage (?) of 0.5ML. For the coverage of 1ML, the combination of pedestal site and valley-bridge site turned out to be energetically favored. These findings are found to be consistent with those obtained for alkali-metal adsorption on silicon and germanium surfaces. Two desorption peaks named ? and ? for K adsorption have been observed and assigned to pedestal or bridge site and valley-bridge sites experimentally, while our results showed that the ? and ? states should be ascribed to pedestal site and valley-bridge sites and the combination of bridge and valley-bridge site is not the local minima. Work function analysis showed that when Na and K are adsorbed on diamond surface, the work function will decrease linearly with increasing coverage, up to a minimum, and finally increase again because of the depolarization of the adsorbate, agreeing well with experiments.
Nie, JL; Xiao, H Y.; Zu, Xiaotao; Gao, Fei
High-temperature corrosion of metallic alloys in an oxidizing atmosphere containing NaCl
A particular heat-exchanger application involved metallic alloys exposed to flue gases of an aluminum remelt furnace. Because the flue gases might contain NaCl and other halides, the corrosion behavior of the alloys was to be investigated. Planned direct exposure of candidate alloys to the flue gases, however, was not conducted because of premature termination of the project. Complementary laboratory testing was conducted on seven commercially available alloys and two nickel aluminides. These materials were exposed to an oxidizing atmosphere containing 0.06 wt % NaCl for 1100 h at 1000/degree/C. Most of the alloy exhibited grain-boundary attack, which resulted in complete oxidation of enveloped grains. The alloys Incoloy MA-956, Incoloy 800, Inconel 625, Inconel 601, Hastelloy X, Haynes 188, and nickel aluminide IC-50 were substantially more corroded than Alloy 214 and nickel aluminide IC-221. The latter two alloys, therefore, would probably be superior to the others in application involving flue gases containing NaCl. Strength fabricability, and weldability, which are briefly discussed, would also affect selection of materials. 8 refs., 12 figs., 5 tabs.
Federer, J.I.
Change Characteristics of Women boxers� Na+,K+- ATPase, ROS and T-AOC before the Match
The author tests 24 women boxers� Na+, K+- ATPase, ROS and T-AOC before the match. The results show that women boxers� Na+, K+- ATPase, ROS and T-AOC (P<0.01) have a rising trend compared with control group; serum CK-NAC and LDH-L are high control group obviously (P<0.05, P<0.01). Explanation: women boxers� Na+, K+-ATPase activity in RBC Membrane keeps high level, which has a positive role for the athletes to keep a high athletics ability.
Hua Ding; Bin Zhao
Na2FeP2O7: A Safe Cathode for Rechargeable Sodium-ion Batteries
For galvanostatic charge�discharge measurements, the working electrode was formulated by mixing 80 wt % active material Na2FeP2O7, 15 wt % acetylene carbon black, and 5 wt % of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) binder in a minimal amount of NMP (N-methylpyrrolidone) solvent. ... It enables the Na2FeP2O7 cathode reversible 1-electron Na (de)insertion capacity approaching 90 mAh/g involving an Fe3+/Fe2+ redox activity centered at 3.0 V (Figure 1b). ... The reversible specific capacities for the cathode and anode active materials were detd. ...
Prabeer Barpanda; Guandong Liu; Chris D. Ling; Mao Tamaru; Maxim Avdeev; Sai-Cheong Chung; Yuki Yamada; Atsuo Yamada
Infrared experimental proof of the orientation of CH4 adsorbed in NaA zeolite by means of the degeneracy splitting of the 03BD3 band,
L-255 Infrared experimental proof of the orientation of CH4 adsorbed in NaA zeolite by means (C3v) en face d'un cation Na+. Abstract 2014 The infrared spectrum ofmethane adsorbed in NaA zeolite lattice and connected by windows of 4 A diameter [1]. The methane molecule adsorbed in these cavities
computational infrastructure for nuclear astrophysics Michael Smith, Physics Division, Oak Ridge Na:onal Lab email@example.com
computational infrastructure for nuclear astrophysics Michael Smith, Physics Division, Oak Ridge Na:onal Lab email@example.com #12;computational infrastructure for nuclear astrophysics system overview ·work with nuclear information, reaction rates, & simulations ·operates "in
Primeira-Dama Tropical: A cidade e o corpo feminino na fic��o de J�lia Lopes de Almeida
de fornalha na atmosphera. a rua de S. cheirava a caf� cr�.coisas, querendo aspecto dessa rua de ent�o, havia largosmoral vigente, definir a rua universo masculino � enfatizar
Eisenhart, Vanina
MembFac -Scoring Sheet 1. 12% MPD, 0.1 M Na Acetate pH 4.6, 0.1 M Sodium Chloride
Phosphate, 0.1 M Na Acetate pH 4.6, 0.1 M Lithium Sulfate 10. 12% PEG 6000, 0.1 M Na Acetate pH 4.6, 0.1 MMembFac - Scoring Sheet 1. 12% MPD, 0.1 M Na Acetate pH 4.6, 0.1 M Sodium Chloride 2. 12% PEG 4000, 0.1 M Na Acetate pH 4.6, 0.1 M Zinc Acetate 3. 10% PEG 4000, 0.1 M Na Acetate pH 4.6, 0.2 M Ammonium
Hill, Chris
Johillerit, Na(Mg, Zn)3 Cu(AsO4)3, ein neues Mineral aus Tsumeb, Namibia
Electron microprobe analysis of the new mineral johillerite gave Na2O 5.4, MgO 18.3, ZnO 5.4, CuO 15.8, and As2O5 55.8, total 100.7%. From this result, the ideal formula is given as Na(Mg, Zn)3 Cu(AsO4)3. Johille...
Prof. Dr. P. Keller; Prof. Dr. H. Hess�
Investigation of the ion exchange equilibrium between NA+, Ca++, Mg++, and a sulfonated polystyrene resin at various concentrations
INVESTIGATiON OF THE ION EXCHANGE EQUILIBRIUM BETWEEN Na , Ca++, Mg++, AND A SULFONATED POLYSTYRENE RESIN AT VARIOUS CONCENTRATIONS A THESIS BY WILLIAM FRANKLIN McILHENNY Submitted to the Graduate School of the Agricultural and Mechanical... College of Texas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE January 1958 MaJor Subject: Chemical Engineering INVESTIGATION OF THE ION EXCHANGE EQUILIBRIUM BFTWEEN Na+, Ca++ Mg++ AND A SULFONATED POLYSTYRENE RESIN...
McIlhenny, William Franklin
Aluminium alloy based hydrogen storage tank operated with sodium aluminium hexahydride Na3AlH6
Abstract Here we present the development of an aluminium alloy based hydrogen storage tank, charged with Ti-doped sodium aluminium hexahydride Na3AlH6. This hydride has a theoretical hydrogen storage capacity of 3�mass-% and can be operated at lower pressure compared to sodium alanate NaAlH4. The tank was made of aluminium alloy EN AW 6082 T6. The heat transfer was realised through an oil flow in a bayonet heat exchanger, manufactured by extrusion moulding from aluminium alloy EN AW 6060 T6. Na3AlH6 is prepared from 4�mol-% TiCl3 doped sodium aluminium tetrahydride NaAlH4 by addition of two moles of sodium hydride NaH in ball milling process. The hydrogen storage tank was filled with 213�g of doped Na3AlH6 in dehydrogenated state. Maximum of 3.6�g (1.7�mass-% of the hydride mass) of hydrogen was released from the hydride at approximately 450�K and the same hydrogen mass was consumed at 2.5�MPa hydrogenation pressure. 45 cycle tests (rehydrogenation and dehydrogenation) were carried out without any failure of the tank or its components. Operation of the tank under real conditions indicated the possibility for applications with stationary HT-PEM fuel cell systems.
R. Urbanczyk; K. Peinecke; M. Felderhoff; K. Hauschild; W. Kersten; S. Peil; D. Bathen
Dispersion relations of surface phonons in LiF(001) and NaF(001)
Recent atom-scattering experimental data have stimulated a new investigation on the surface phonons of some alkali halides. In the framework of Green's-function method applied to breathing-shell model dynamics we have calculated the dispersion curves and a few K-selected densities of states of surface phonons for the (001) surface of NaF and LiF at room temperature. Particular attention is paid to the change in ion polarizabilities occurring at the surface and its effect on the Rayleigh wave frequencies at the zone boundary.
G. Benedek; G. P. Brivio; L. Miglio; V. R. Velasco
Publisher's note: Branching ratios for the beta decay of Na-21 (vol 74, pg 015501, 2006)
, Y. Zhai, and I. S. Towner (Received 31 July 2006; published 11 August 2006) DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.74.029901 PACS number(s): 27.30.+t, 23.40.?s, 99.10.Fg This paper was published online on 14 July 2006 with formatting errors in Eqs. (7) and (9...PHYSICAL REVIEW C 74, 029901(E) (2006) Publisher?s Note: Branching ratios for the ? decay of 21Na [Phys. Rev. C 74, 015501 (2006)] V. E. Iacob, J. C. Hardy, C. A. Gagliardi, J. Goodwin, N. Nica, H. I. Park, G. Tabacaru, L. Trache, R. E. Tribble...
Carrier Density Enhancement in Semiconducting NaSn and CsPb
The electrical conductivity ? and thermoelectric power S data have been measured in two semiconductors that undergo a solid-state transformation to a dynamically disordered phase about 100 �C below the melting point. At the transition, ? for NaSn is reduced while that for CsPb exhibits a dramatic rise. For both semiconductors, S is reduced in magnitude and changes sign at the transition. These results are consistent with a model which explicitly allows for the interactions between mobile ions and electrons and which provides a unified explanation of the transport properties of these compounds and other fast ion conductors with appreciable electronic conductivity.
J. Fortner, Marie-Louise Saboungi, and J. E. Enderby
Thermonuclear reaction rate of $^{18}$Ne($?$,$p$)$^{21}$Na from Monte-Carlo calculations
The $^{18}$Ne($\\alpha$,$p$)$^{21}$Na reaction impacts the break-out from the hot CNO-cycles to the $rp$-process in type I X-ray bursts. We present a revised thermonuclear reaction rate, which is based on the latest experimental data. The new rate is derived from Monte-Carlo calculations, taking into account the uncertainties of all nuclear physics input quantities. In addition, we present the reaction rate uncertainty and probability density versus temperature. Our results are also consistent with estimates obtained using different indirect approaches.
P. Mohr; R. Longland; C. Iliadis
Deliquescence of NaBH4 from Density Functional Theory and Experiments
Ping Li �, Lin Yu �, Michael A. Matthews �, Wissam A. Saidi �, and J. Karl Johnson *�� ... We have used the DFT-TS approach as implemented within VASP by Al-Saidi et al.(43, 44) We have computed adsorption energies and geometries for several H2O/NaBH4(100) configurations using each of these functionals. ... Al-Saidi, W. A.; Voora, V. K.; Jordan, K. D.An Assessment of the vdW-TS Method for Extended Systems J. Chem. ...
Ping Li; Lin Yu; Michael A. Matthews; Wissam A. Saidi; J. Karl Johnson
Thermonuclear reaction rate of $^{18}$Ne($\\alpha$,$p$)$^{21}$Na from Monte-Carlo calculations
Mohr, P; Iliadis, C
Thermodynamic modeling of neptunium(V)-acetate complexation in concentrated NaCl media
The complexation of neptunium(V), Np(V), with the acetate anion, Ac{sup -}, was measured in sodium chloride media to high concentration using an extraction technique. The data were interpreted using the thermodynamic formalism of Pitzer, which is valid to high electrolyte concentrations. A consistent model for the deprotonation constants of acetic acid in NaCl and NaClO{sub 4} media was developed. For the concentrations of acetate expected in a waste repository, only the neutral complex NpO{sub 2}Ac(aq) was important in describing the interactions between the neptunyl ion and acetate. The thermodynamic stability constant log {beta}{sup 0}{sub 101} for the reaction NpO{sub 2}{sup +} + Ac{sup -} {leftrightarrow} NpO{sub 2}Ac was calculated to be 1.46{plus_minus}0.11. This weak complexing behavior between the neptunyl ion and acetate indicates that acetate will not significantly enhance dissolved Np(V) concentrations in ground waters associated with nuclear waste repositories that may contain acetate.
Novak, C.F.; Borkowski, M.; Choppin, G.R.
Electronic Reconstruction through the Structural and Magnetic Transitions in Detwinned NaFeAs
We use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to study twinned and detwinned iron pnictide compound NaFeAs. Distinct signatures of electronic reconstruction are observed to occur at the structural (T{sub S}) and magnetic (T{sub SDW}) transitions. At T{sub S}, C{sub 4} rotational symmetry is broken in the form of an anisotropic shift of the orthogonal d{sub xz} and d{sub yz} bands. The magnitude of this orbital anisotropy rapidly develops to near completion upon approaching T{sub SDW}, at which temperature band folding occurs via the antiferromagnetic ordering wave vector. Interestingly, the anisotropic band shift onsetting at T{sub S} develops in such a way to enhance the nesting conditions in the C{sub 2} symmetric state, hence is intimately correlated with the long range collinear AFM order. Furthermore, the similar behaviors of the electronic reconstruction in NaFeAs and Ba(Fe{sub 1-x}Co{sub x}){sub 2}As{sub 2} suggests that this rapid development of large orbital anisotropy between T{sub S} and T{sub SDW} is likely a general feature of the electronic nematic phase in the iron pnictides, and the associated orbital fluctuations may play an important role in determining the ground state properties.
Yi, M.; Lu, D.H.; Moore, R.G.; Kihou, K; Lee, C-H; Iyo, A.; Eisaki, H.; Yoshida, T; Fujimori, A; Shen, Z-X
Synthesis and characterization of the layered iron-selenide Na0.8Fe1.6Se2
An iron-selenide Na0.8Fe1.6Se2 single crystal has been successfully synthesized using a self-flux method. The electrical resistivity measurement shows that this material exhibits semiconducting behavior in the whole temperature range, with an anomalous increment of resistivity at Ts?595 K. By varying the concentrations of Na and Fe, a small volume of superconducting phase could be achieved with a critical temperature of Tc?34 K. Structural characterization shows that, similarly to K0.8Fe1.6Se2, the Na0.8Fe1.6Se2 phase exhibits clear superstructure with a modulation wave vector of q=(3/5,1/5,0) caused by the Fe-vacancy order within the a-b plane.
Y. J. Long; D. M. Wang; Z. Wang; H. X. Yang; J. B. He; L. X. Zhao; P. P. Wang; M. Q. Xue; J. Q. Li; Z. A. Ren; G. F. Chen
Investigation of SiO{sub 2}:Na{sub 2}O ratio as a corrosion inhibitor for metal alloys
The silicate is one of the potential compounds used as a corrosion inhibitor for metal alloys. The mixture between silica and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) succeeded to produce the silicate product. The formulation of a silicate product normally variable depended by the different ratio of SiO{sub 2}:Na{sub 2}O. This research utilized the agriculture waste product of paddy using its rice husk. In this study, the amorphous silica content in rice husk ash was used after rice husk burnt in a muffle furnace at a certain temperature. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was done to determine the existence of amorphous phase of silica in the rice husk ash. There are several studies that recognized rice husk as an alternative source that obtained high silica content. The X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis was carried out to clarify the percentage amount of Si and O elements, which referred the silica compound in rice husk ash. The preparation of sodium silicate formulation were differ based on the SiO{sub 2}:Na{sub 2}O ratio (SiO{sub 2}:Na{sub 2}O ratio = 1.00, 2.00 and 3.00). These silicate based corrosion inhibitors were tested on several testing samples, which were copper (99.9%), aluminum alloy (AA 6061) and carbon steel (SAE 1045). The purpose of this study is to determine the appropriate SiO{sub 2}:Na{sub 2}O ratio and understand how this SiO{sub 2}:Na{sub 2}O ratio can affect the corrosion rate of each metal alloys immersed in acidic medium. In order to investigate this study, weight loss test was conducted in 0.5 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) for 24 hours at room temperature.
Mohamad, N.; Othman, N. K. [School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Malaysia); Jalar, A. [Institute of Micro Engineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Malaysia)
Compara��o da efic�cia antimicrobiana de sabonetes contendo �leo essencial de Tea Tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) e triclosan na higieniza��o de m�os artificialmente contaminadas.
??Introdu��o. Os efeitos antimicrobianos dos �leos essenciais t�m sido relatados na literatura cient�fica, sobretudo referentes ao �leo essencial de Tea Tree (Melaleuca alternifolia). Tal �leo� (more)
Juliana Rizzo Gnatta
An experimental investigation of the solubility and complexing of nickel in the system NiO-HCl-H?O-NaCl
AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE SOLUBILITY AND COMPLEXING OF NICKEL IN THE SYSTEM NiO-HC1-H20-NaC1 A Thesis by LYNNE SHIRLEY FAHLQUIST Submitted to the Graduate College of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements... of Nickel in the System NiO-HC1-H20-NaCI Lynne Shirley Fahlquist, B. S. , Texas AdtM University Chairman of Advisory Committee: Dr, Robert K. Popp The solubility of NiO was determined in both NaCl-free and NaC1-bearing systems in the range 550-750'C, 2...
Fahlquist, Lynne Shirley
O corpo na transversal do tempo: da sociedade disciplinar � sociedade de controle ou da anal�tica de "um corpo que cai.
??No fluxo de acontecimentos que revolveram as certezas e regimes de verdade nas �ltimas d�cadas, a tese O Corpo na Transversal do Tempo: da sociedade� (more)
Edivaldo Vieira da Silva
Effects of NaCl, sucrose, and storage on rheological parameters of heat induced gels of liquid egg products
EFFECTS OF NaCl, SUCROSE, AND STORAGE ON RHEOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF HEAT INDUCED GELS OF LIQUID EGG PRODUCTS A Thesis by Joan Brough Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements... and content by: C. W. Dill (Chair of Committee) F. A. Gardner (Member) R. L. Edwards (Member) G. C. Smith (Head of Department) December 1988 ABSTRACT Effects of NaC1, Sucrose, and Storage on Rheological Parameters of Heat Induced Gels of Liquid Egg...
Brough, Joan
2011 Annual Workforce Analysis and Staffing Plan Report - NNSA HQ NA-70
Annual Workforce Analysis and Staffing Plan Report Annual Workforce Analysis and Staffing Plan Report As of December 31, 2011 Reporting Office: NNSA NA-70 Section One: Current Mission(s) of the Organization and Potential Changes 1. DNS is the NNSA line management organization responsible for security direction and program management with respect to prioritization of resources, program evaluation, and funding allocation. Key management areas include security operations, resources, engineering, and technical support to NNSA field elements and facilities. Specific subject matter expertise also includes physical and personnel security, protective forces, nuclear materials control and accountability, classified and sensitive information protection, and technical security programs. DNS evaluates the status of protection programs at all NNSA facilities against National policy and
High Density Hydrogen Storage Systems Demonstration Using NaAIH4
Density Hydrogen Storage Density Hydrogen Storage System Demonstration Using NaAlH 4 Complex Compound Hydrides D. Mosher, X. Tang, S. Arsenault, B. Laube, M. Cao, R. Brown, S. Saitta, J. Costello United Technologies Research Center East Hartford, Connecticut Report to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Contract Number: DE-FC36-02AL-67610 December 19, 2006 * * Presented to the DOE and the FreedomCAR & Fuel Partnership Hydrogen Storage Tech Team This presentation does not contain proprietary or confidential information 2 Overview Objective: Identify and overcome the critical technical barriers in developing complex hydride based storage systems, especially those which differ from conventional metal hydride systems, to meet DOE system targets. Approach: Design, fabricate and test a sequence of subscale and full scale
2012 Annual Workforce Analysis and Staffing Plan Report - NNSA NA-70
7 7 Annual Workforce Analysis and Staffing Plan Report As of December 31, 2012 Reporting Office: NNSA NA-70 Section One: Current Mission(s) of the Organization and Potential Changes The DNS core mission is to protect NNSA capabilities, facilities, materials, information, and employees. DNS is responsible for managing and funding the security that supports the NNSA missions, with the exception of those missions under the Office of Naval Reactors and the Office of Secure Transportation's (OST) over-the-road operations. DNS also provides unique knowledge and expertise in nuclear security for a broader set of 21st century national security needs that are synergistic with its mission, such as those in nuclear non-proliferation, homeland security, and intelligence. DNS provides the overall
Multiple high-temperature transitions driven by dynamical structures in NaI
Multiple, consecutive high-temperature transitions in NaI involving dynamical order and/or localization in the energy-momentum spectrum but not in the average crystal structure are revealed by lattice dynamics, x-ray lattice spacing, and heat capacity measurements. Distinctive energy-momentum patterns and lattice distortions indicate dynamical structures forming within randomly stacked planes, rather than the isolated point-defect-like intrinsic localized modes predicted. Transition entropies are accounted for by vibrational entropy changes and the transition enthalpies are explained by the strain energy of forming stacking-fault-like planar distortions deduced from x-ray diffraction peak shifts. The vibrational entropy of the dynamical structures stabilizes surrounding elastic distortions.
Manley, Michael E [ORNL; Jeffries, Jason R [ORNL; Lee, Hohyun [Santa Clara University, California; Zabalegui, Aitor [Santa Clara University, California; Abernathy, Douglas L [ORNL
Evidence for threshold effects in positron diffraction from NaF and LiF
We have measured the energy dependence of the intensity of a positron beam specularly reflected from the (100) surfaces of NaF and LiF. A 1-eV-wide peak located at an energy that decreases with increasing angle of incidence ? is qualitatively identified as a beam threshold effect. Given the known small positron affinity for the solids, the narrowness of the peak is consistent with its being due to a true surface resonance. However, the dispersion appears to depart from the expected energy versus ? trajectory parallel to the kinematic threshold. Additionally, a search in 50-meV steps did not reveal any fine structure in the peaks, possibly due to our 0.3-eV effective instrumental resolution. Further experiments to map the dispersion with greater precision, to measure the binding energies of the resonances, and to search for possible fine structure are proposed.
T. N. Horsky; G. R. Brandes; K. F. Canter; P. H. Lippel; A. P. Mills; Jr.
Los Alamos National Security, LLC Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396
Los Alamos National Security, LLC Los Alamos National Security, LLC Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 Attachment to Modification No. 150 PART III - SECTION J APPENDIX G October 5, 2010 [Modified by Modification No. A009, A015, A018, A019, A021, A027, M033, M041, M042, M046, M056, M062, M069, M078, M103, M133, 150] LIST OF APPLICABLE DIRECTIVES In addition to the list of applicable directives listed below, the Contractor shall also comply with supplementary directives, (e.g., manuals) which are invoked by a Contractor Requirements Document (CRD) attached to a directive. Electronic copies of these documents are available at the following Websites: http://directives.doe.gov/cqi-bin/currentchecklist http://www.directives,doe.gov/directives/globesearch-adv.html http://www.nnsa.doe.gov/
Total reflection infrared spectroscopy of water-ice and frozen aqueous NaCl solutions
Liquid-like and liquid water at and near the surface of water-ice and frozen aqueous sodium chloride films were observed using attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR). The concentration of NaCl ranged from 0.0001 to 0.01 M and the temperature varied from the melting point of water down to 256 K. The amount of liquid brine at the interface of the frozen films with the germanium ATR crystal increased with salt concentration and temperature. Experimental spectra are compared to reflection spectra calculated for a simplified morphology of a uniform liquid layer between the germanium crystal and the frozen film. This morphology allows for the amount of liquid observed in an experimental spectrum to be converted to the thickness of a homogenous layer with an equivalent amount of liquid. These equivalent thickness ranges from a nanometer for water-ice at 260 K to 170 nm for 0.01 M NaCl close to the melting point. The amounts of brine observed are over an order of magnitude less than the total liquid predicted by equilibrium thermodynamic models, implying that the vast majority of the liquid fraction of frozen solutions may be found in internal inclusions, grain boundaries, and the like. Thus, the amount of liquid and the solutes dissolved in them that are available to react with atmospheric gases on the surfaces of snow and ice are not well described by thermodynamic equilibrium models which assume the liquid phase is located entirely at the surface.
Walker, Rachel L.; Searles, Keith; Willard, Jesse A.; Michelsen, Rebecca R. H., E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Chemistry, Randolph-Macon College, P.O. Box 5005, Ashland, Virginia 23005 (United States)] [Department of Chemistry, Randolph-Macon College, P.O. Box 5005, Ashland, Virginia 23005 (United States)
Microstructural and compositional change of NaOH-activated high calcium fly ash by incorporating Na-aluminate and co-existence of geopolymeric gel and C-S-H(I)
This study explores the reaction products of alkali-activated Class C fly ash-based aluminosilicate samples by means of high-resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction (HSXRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and compressive strength tests to investigate how the readily available aluminum affects the reaction. Class C fly ash-based aluminosilicate raw materials were prepared by incorporating Na-aluminate into the original fly ashes, then alkali-activated by 10 M NaOH solution. Incorporating Na-aluminate reduced the compressive strength of samples, with the reduction magnitude relatively constant regardless of length of curing period. The HSXRD provides evidence of the co-existence of C-S-H with geopolymeric gels and strongly suggests that the C-S-H formed in the current system is C-S-H(I). The back-scattered electron images suggest that the C-S-H(I) phase exists as small grains in a finely intermixed form with geopolymeric gels. Despite providing extra source of aluminum, adding Na-aluminate to the mixes did not decrease the Si/Al ratio of the geopolymeric gel.
Oh, Jae Eun [Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States); School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan Metropolitan City, 689-798 (Korea, Republic of); Moon, Juhyuk [Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States); Oh, Sang-Gyun [Department of Architectural Engineering, Dong-Eui University, 995 Eomgwangro, Busanjin-Gu, Busan 614-714 (Korea, Republic of); Clark, Simon M. [Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 20015 (United States); Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109 (Australia); Monteiro, Paulo J.M., E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States)
X-ray and electron diffraction studies of superlattices and long-range three-dimensional Na ordering in gamma-Na[subscript x]CoO[subscript 2] (x=0.71 and 0.84)
We have recently demonstrated that x=0.71 and 0.84 are the two most stable single-phase compounds above x=0.5 in gamma-Na[subscript x]CoO[subscript 2] [G. J. Shu et al., Phys. Rev. B 76, 184115 (2007); F. C. Chou et al., ...
Chou, F. C.
arXiv:1011.0897v1[math.NA]3Nov2010 EFFICIENT NUMERICAL STABILITY ANALYSIS OF DETONATION
arXiv:1011.0897v1[math.NA]3Nov2010 EFFICIENT NUMERICAL STABILITY ANALYSIS OF DETONATION WAVESStewart and ShortStewart, the numerical evaluation of linear stability of planar detonation waves problem. Planar detonation waves can often change stability as physical parameters are varied, undergoing
Humpherys, Jeffrey
Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells 58 (1999) 199}208 The behaviour of Na implanted into Mo thin "lms
Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells 58 (1999) 199}208 The behaviour of Na implanted into Mo thin, As ngstro( m Solar Center, P.O. Box 534, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden Department of Materials Science Mo thin "lms used as back contacts for Cu(In,Ga)Se solar cells. The samples were analysed
Rockett, Angus
Surface Tensions in NaCl-Water-Air Systems from MD Simulations Ranjit Bahadur, Lynn M. Russell,*, and Saman Alavi
Surface Tensions in NaCl-Water-Air Systems from MD Simulations Ranjit Bahadur, Lynn M. Russell, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada ReceiVed: July 9, 2007; In Final Form: July 30, 2007 Surface tensions to the surface tension, while the energy-integral and test area methods provide direct estimates. At 1 atm
Russell, Lynn
L'identit gomtrie variable des jeunes hommes Kali'na de Mana (Guyane franaise) : sur quelle mesure ?
disperse au Brésil, au Surinam, jusqu'au Guyana et au Venezuela (Ethnies 1985 :14). En 1958, la population, conséquence de la guerre civile du Surinam. Aujourd'hui, les Kali'na sont entre de 2800 et 4000 individus
Journal of Power Sources 165 (2007) 509516 Direct NaBH4/H2O2 fuel cells
Published by Elsevier B.V. Keywords: Fuel cell; Hydrogen peroxide; Regenerative fuel cell; Sodium) /hydrogen per- oxide (H2O2) fuel cell (FC) is under development jointly by the University of IllinoisJournal of Power Sources 165 (2007) 509516 Direct NaBH4/H2O2 fuel cells George H. Mileya,e,, Nie
Carroll, David L.
Magnetic phase diagram of the S=1/2 triangular layered compound NaNiO2: a single crystal study
Magnetic phase diagram of the S=1/2 triangular layered compound NaNiO2: a single crystal study S de Magnetic Field Laboratory, CNRS, BP166, F-38042 Grenoble cedex 9, France Abstract. Using magnetic torque measurement on a NaNiO2 single crystal, we have established the magnetic phase diagram of this triangular
Rapid Precipitation of Magnesite Microcrystals from Mg(OH)2H2OCO2 Slurry Enhanced by NaOH and a Heat-Aging
carbonation of synthetic brucite (Mg(OH)2) by injection of CO2 in a highly alkaline medium (2 m Na dehydration and carbonation of a brucitic layer of dypingite coupled with instantaneous formation of magnesite crystals. In this study, the NaOH played a catalytic role; that is, it accelerated brucite carbonation
H2O activity in concentrated NaCl solutions at high pressures and temperatures measured by the brucite-periclase equilibrium
?H2O activities in concentrated NaCl solutions were measured in the ranges 600��900�?C and 2�15 kbar and at NaCl concentrations up to halite saturation by depression of the brucite (Mg(OH)2...) � periclase (MgO) ...
L. Y. Aranovich; R. C. Newton
Minorization and the process of (de)minoritization: the case of Kali'na in French Isabelle Lglise and Sophie Alby
of Kali'na in French Guiana Introduction The concept of diglossia, according to the broad definitionsMinorization and the process of (de)minoritization: the case of Kali'na in French Guiana Isabelle Indigenous language of French Guiana, from the point of view of descriptive categories available
Measurement of the Low Energy Nuclear Response in NaI(Tl) Crystals for Use in Dark Matter Direct Detection Experiments
The response of low energy nuclear recoil in NaI(Tl) is investigated in the following experiment. Such detectors have been used recently to search for evidence of dark matter in the form of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). Na...
Stiegler, Tyana Michele
Charge and Electric Field Fluctuations in Aqueous NaCl Electrolytes
Conventional wisdom concerning crystallization assumes that when NaCl crystallizes from a supersaturated solution, the solvated ions retain their ionic character and simply relocate from their hydration spheres to their most stable positions in the crystal lattice. However, this conventional picture is at odds with observations over 200 years ago reporting the emission of long-lived light resulting from the crystallization of certain salts � appropriately referred to as crystalloluminescence. This suggests that electronic structure plays an essential role in crystallization. Strong electric field fluctuations in the gas or condensed phases can drive changes in electronic structure. We have calculated the fluctuation of charge, scalar electric potentials, and vector electric fields for concentrated aqueous NaCl electrolytes. The H2O molecules in the 1st solvation shell of the ions serve as a sink for electron density originating on Cl-. Our analysis reveals that the electric fields inside aqueous electrolytes are extremely large (up to several V/�) and thus may alter the ground and excited electronic states in the condensed phase. Furthermore, our analysis shows that the potential and field distributions are largely independent of concentration. We find that the field component distributions to be Gaussian for the ions and non-Gaussian for the O and H sites (computed in the lab frame of reference), however, these non-Gaussian distributions are readily modeled via an orientationally averaged non-zero mean Gaussian plus a zero mean Gaussian. These calculations and analyses provide the first steps toward understanding the magnitude and fluctuations of charge, electric potentials and fields in aqueous electrolytes and what role these fields may play in driving charge redistribution/transfer during crystalloluminescence. We would like to gratefully acknowledge helpful discussions with Gregory K. Schenter. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy�s (DOE) Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences program and used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is operated by Battelle for the US Department of Energy.
Sellner, Bernhard; Valiev, Marat; Kathmann, Shawn M.
International Coal Prices for Industry- EIA
Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Update (EIA)
Industry for Selected Countries1 Industry for Selected Countries1 U.S. Dollars per Metric Ton2 Country 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Argentina NA NA NA NA NA 37.24 NA NA NA Australia NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Austria 55.54 74.15 86.26 168.56 175.88 178.48 199.93 245.60 239.30 Barbados NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Belgium NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Bolivia NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Brazil NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Bulgaria NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Canada NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Chile NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA China 27.15 30.40 32.14 43.17 NA NA NA NA NA Chinese Taipei (Taiwan) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Colombia NA NA NA NA NA NA 42.85 49.66 NA
NA Standards | Refinement Parameters | X-PLOR param file for high
the file for different bond distances and angles of C2'and C3'-endo the file for different bond distances and angles of C2'and C3'-endo remark K= scale*(kT/sigma**2), scales=Base 0.1875, Sugar 0.566, Phos 1.548 ! removed references to CA, CF, CS, MG, NH3, OS (ATB 12/30/94) ! removed TIP3 water model (ATB 12/30/94) ! mapped NA->NNA, CH3E->CC3E (ATB 12/30/94) ! G.PARKINSON, J.VOJTECHOVSKY, L.CLOWNEY, A.T.BRUNGER ! H.M.BERMAN ! NEW PARAMETERS FOR THE REFINEMENT OF NUCLEIC ACID CONTAINING ! STRUCTURES ! ACTA CRYST.D (1996) v. 52 57-64 set echo=false end !the generic bonds were taken from param11.dna with 3*kq bond C5R OH 876.000 1.4300 ! 5' end bond C5D OH 876.000 1.4300 ! 5' end bond C3R OH 876.000 1.4300 ! 3' end bond C3D OH 876.000 1.4300 ! 3' end bond HHO O2R 1350.000 0.9572 !Mod HO to HHO 05/15/96
Vacuum ultraviolet reflectivities of LiF, NaF, and KF
High-resolution normal-incidence (9�) reflectivities of lithium-fluoride, sodium-fluoride, and potassium-fluoride single crystals were investigated between 6 and 35 eV at room temperature, 100 and 30 K using a minicomputer-controlled vacuum ultraviolet reflectometer at the Winconsin Synchrotron Radiation Facility. Data were taken on surfaces cleaved and maintained in high vacuum. Reflectivity data were Kramers-Kronig analyzed to yield the dielectric functions of the materials and various energy and temperature derivatives were calculated as an aid to interpretation. In all materials, considerable new structure is reported with broad, general agreement with earlier work on LiF and KF. We report the first reflectivity data between 12 and 35 eV for NaF. Computed values of -Im(1?) were in good agreement with electron-energy-loss experiments of Creuzburg. It is only possible to provide detailed interpretation of optical features in special cases, but a general discussion is provided in the conventional framework.
K. Kameswara Rao; T. J. Moravec; J. C. Rife; R. N. Dexter
CO adsorption-desorption properties of cation-exchanged NaX zeolite and supported ruthenium
The binding states of carbon monoxide over cation-exchanged NaX zeolites and over corresponding Ru-containing samples have been investigated using thermal desorption spectroscopy. Exchange of sodium with cations such as Li{sup +}, Ca{sup 2+}, Mg{sup 2+}, and La{sup 3+} gave rise to additional CO adsorption states, a higher isosteric heat of CO adsorption, an increased density of acid sites, and an increased amount of adsorbed CO, depending on the nature and ionic radius of the charge-balancing cation. The charge-balancing cations at the zeolite surface (e.g., Ca{sub 2+}, La{sup 3+}) function as additional CO adsorption sites in conjunction with surface acid centers (e.g., the Al{sup 3+} center) and metal sites. In addition to surface sites, CO is also found to be held in structural cavities and macropores of the zeolite matrix. The programmed heating of both the metal-free and Ru-containing zeolites subsequent to room temperature CO adsorption gave desorption peaks due to release of CO at temperatures less than {approximately}500 K while the higher temperature peaks were constituted mainly of CO{sub 2}. Electron spectroscopy results have revealed that the exposure of these samples to CO and subsequent thermal treatment resulted in the formation of surface carbonaceous species. The nature of CO adsorption states giving rise to CO{sub 2} formation is discussed.
Gupta, N.M.; Kamble, V.S.; Rao, K.A.; Iyer, R.M. (Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay (India))
Hydrogen Storage in Diamond Powder Utilizing Plasma NaF Surface Treatment for Fuel Cell Applications
Hydrogen Fuel Cells offer the vital solution to the world's socio-political dependence on oil. Due to existing difficulty in safe and efficient hydrogen storage for fuel cells, storing the hydrogen in hydrocarbon compounds such as artificial diamond is a realistic solution. By treating the surface of the diamond powder with a Sodium Fluoride plasma exposure, the surface of the diamond is cleaned of unwanted molecules. Due to fluorine's electro negativity, the diamond powder is activated and ready for hydrogen absorption. These diamond powder pellets are then placed on a graphite platform that is heated by conduction in a high voltage circuit made of tungsten wire. Then, the injection of hydrogen gas into chamber allows the storage of the Hydrogen on the surface of the diamond powder. By neutron bombardment in the nuclear reactor, or Prompt Gamma Neutron Activation Analysis, the samples are examined for parts per million amounts of hydrogen in the sample. Sodium Fluoride surface treatment allows for higher mass percentage of stored hydrogen in a reliable, resistant structure, such as diamond for fuel cells and permanently alters the diamonds terminal bonds for re-use in the effective storage of hydrogen. The highest stored amount utilizing the NaF plasma surface treatment was 22229 parts per million of hydrogen in the diamond powder which amounts to 2.2229% mass increase.
Leal, David A.; Leal-Quiros, E. [Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico (Puerto Rico); Velez, Angel; Prelas, Mark A.; Gosh, Tushar [University of Missouri-Columbia, Nuclear Science and Engineering Institute (United States)
Hydrogen Fuel Cells offer the vital solution to the world�s socio?political dependence on oil. Due to existing difficulty in safe and efficient hydrogen storage for fuel cells storing the hydrogen in hydrocarbon compounds such as artificial diamond is a realistic solution. By treating the surface of the diamond powder with a Sodium Fluoride plasma exposure the surface of the diamond is cleaned of unwanted molecules. Due to fluorine�s electro negativity the diamond powder is activated and ready for hydrogen absorption. These diamond powder pellets are then placed on a graphite platform that is heated by conduction in a high voltage circuit made of tungsten wire. Then the injection of hydrogen gas into chamber allows the storage of the Hydrogen on the surface of the diamond powder. By neutron bombardment in the nuclear reactor or Prompt Gamma Neutron Activation Analysis the samples are examined for parts per million amounts of hydrogen in the sample. Sodium Fluoride surface treatment allows for higher mass percentage of stored hydrogen in a reliable resistant structure such as diamond for fuel cells and permanently alters the diamonds terminal bonds for re?use in the effective storage of hydrogen. The highest stored amount utilizing the NaF plasma surface treatment was 22229 parts per million of hydrogen in the diamond powder which amounts to 2.2229% mass increase.
David A. Leal; Angel Velez; Mark A. Prelas; Tushar Gosh; E. Leal?Quiros
Synthetic fluid inclusions: XII. The system H[sub 2]O-NaCl. Experimental determination of the halite liquidus and isochores for a 40 wt% NaCl solution
The slopes of the liquidus and lines of constant liquid-vapor homogenization temperature (iso-Th) in P-T space for a 40 wt% NaCl bulk composition in the H[sub 2]O-NaCl system were determined using synthetic fluid inclusions. Inclusions were synthesized in the one-phase field at 350-800[degrees]C and 1-6 kbar, and the temperatures of liquid-vapor homogenization and halite dissolution were determined on a heating/cooling stage. The pressure along the liquidus corresponding to a measured halite dissolution temperature [Tm (halite)] was determined from the intersection of the inclusion iso-Th line in the one-phase field with the measured liquid-vapor homogenization temperature [Th [L-V
Bodnar, R.J. (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Univ., Blacksburg, VA (United States))
Hydrothermal synthesis and the crystal structure of borate cancrinite (Na,Ca){sub 2}[Na{sub 6}(AlSiO{sub 4}){sub 6}](BO{sub 3}) . 2H{sub 2}O
Transparent prismatic single crystals of borate cancrinite (Na,Ca){sub 2}[Na{sub 6}(AlSiO{sub 4}){sub 6}](BO{sub 3}) . 2H{sub 2}O are prepared through hydrothermal crystallization. The parameters of the hexagonal unit cell and intensities of 10806 reflections are measured on an Enraf-Nonius CAD4 automated diffractometer. The compound crystallizes in the hexagonal crystal system with the unit cell parameters a = 12.745(4) A, c = 5.180(2) A, V = 728.6(4) A{sup 3}, and space group P6{sub 3}. The structure is determined by direct methods and refined using the full-matrix least-squares procedure in the anisotropic approximation for the non-hydrogen atoms. The refinement of the structure is performed to the final discrepancy factor R{sub 1} = 0.027 for 2889 unique reflections with I > 2 {sigma} (I). In the structure of the borate cancrinite, the AlO{sub 4} and SiO{sub 4} tetrahedra form a zeolite-like framework in which twelve-membered hexagonal channels are occupied by sodium atoms and BO{sub 3} groups, whereas six-membered channels are filled with sodium and calcium atoms and water molecules. The mean interatomic distances are found to be as follows: (Si-O){sub mean} = 1.614 A and (Al-O){sub mean} = 1.741 A in the AlO{sub 4} and SiO{sub 4} tetrahedra, (Na-O){sub mean} = 2.542 A in the seven-vertex sodium polyhedra, and [(Na,Ca)-O]{sub mean} = 2.589 A in the ditrigonal bipyramids.
Shirinova, A. F. [Baku State University (Azerbaijan)], E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Khrustalev, V. N. [Russian Academy of Sciences, Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds (Russian Federation); Samedov, H. R. [National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Institute of Chemical Problems (Azerbaijan); Chiragov, M. I. [Baku State University (Azerbaijan)
Reaction Na23(?,p)Mg26 from E?=2.3-3.7 MeV and the corresponding thermonuclear reaction rate
Integrated excitation functions for the reactions Na23(?,p0)Mg26 and Na23(?,p1)Mg*26 were measured over the energy range E?=2.3-3.7 MeV. Absolute resonance strengths were determined for 30 new p1 resonances and 9 new p0 resonances. The corresponding stellar reaction rate NA is recalculated and found to be enhanced by a factor of 3 at T9=2 and by a factor of 4 at T9=3. A multiparameter analytic fit to the new NA as a function of temperature over the range T9=0.3-5.0 is given. The enhanced rate was incorporated in a nucleosynthesis code and the resulting change in Na23 and Mg26 abundances at selected temperatures is discussed.[NUCLEAR REACTIONS Na23(?,p), E=2.3-3.7 MeV; measured excitation function and deduced resonant strengths for p0 and p1 proton groups; NaCl target. Calculated new thermonuclear reaction rate.
Daniel P. Whitmire and Cary N. Davids
The experimental determination of the solubility product for NpO{sub 2}OH in NaCl solutions
The solubility of Np(V) was measured in NaCl solutions ranging from 0.30 to 5.6 molal at room temperature ({approximately}21 {plus_minus} 2{degrees}C). Experiments were conducted from undersaturation and allowed to equilibrate in a CO{sub 2}-free environment for 37 days. The apparent solubility products varied with NaCl concentration and were between 10{sup -9} and 10{sup -8} mol{sup 2}{sm_bullet}L{sup -2}. Using the specific ion interaction theory (SIT), the log of the solubility product of NpO{sub 2}OH(am) at infinite dilution was found to be - 8.79 {plus_minus} 0.12. The interaction coefficient, {epsilon}(NpO{sub 2}{sup +} - Cl{sup -}), was found to be (0.08 {plus_minus} 0.05).
Roberts, K.E.; Torretto, P.C.; Prussin, T. [Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States)] [and others
Role of the Na{sup +}/H{sup +} exchanger on the development of diabetes mellitus and its chronic complications
Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer NHE protect against intracellular hydrogen overload. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer NHE protect {beta}-cells against strong acidification. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer NHE inhibitors improve myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. -- Abstract: Micro- and macrovascular complications are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetes mellitus. The Na{sup +}/H{sup +} exchanger (NHE) is a family of proteins which exchange Na{sup +} for H{sup +} according to their concentration gradients in an electroneutral manner. The exchanger also plays a key role in several other cellular functions including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, migration, and cytoskeletal organization. Since not much is known on the relationship between NHE and diabetes mellitus, this review outlines the contribution of NHE to chronic complications of diabetes mellitus, such as diabetic nephropathy; diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Sun, Yan-Ming [Department of Cardiac Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001 (China)] [Department of Cardiac Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001 (China); Su, Ying [Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001 (China)] [Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001 (China); Li, Jia; Tian, Ye [Department of Cardiac Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001 (China)] [Department of Cardiac Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001 (China); Wang, Lan-Feng, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Cardiac Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001 (China)] [Department of Cardiac Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001 (China)
Structure Study of Cellulose Fibers Wet-Spun from Environmentally Friendly NaOH/Urea Aqueous Solutions
In this study, structure changes of regenerated cellulose fibers wet-spun from a cotton linter pulp (degree of polymerization {approx}620) solution in an NaOH/urea solvent under different conditions were investigated by simultaneous synchrotron wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). WAXD results indicated that the increase in flow rate during spinning produced a better crystal orientation and a higher degree of crystallinity, whereas a 2-fold increase in draw ratio only affected the crystal orientation. When coagulated in a H{sub 2}SO{sub 4}/Na{sub 2}SO{sub 4} aqueous solution at 15 {sup o}C, the regenerated fibers exhibited the highest crystallinity and a crystal orientation comparable to that of commercial rayon fibers by the viscose method. SAXS patterns exhibited a pair of meridional maxima in all regenerated cellulose fibers, indicating the existence of a lamellar structure. A fibrillar superstructure was observed only at higher flow rates (>20 m/min). The conformation of cellulose molecules in NaOH/urea aqueous solution was also investigated by static and dynamic light scattering. It was found that cellulose chains formed aggregates with a radius of gyration, R{sub g}, of about 232 nm and an apparent hydrodynamic radius, R{sub h}, of about 172 nm. The NaOH/urea solvent system is low-cost and environmentally friendly, which may offer an alternative route to replace more hazardous existing methods for the production of regenerated cellulose fibers.
Chen,X.; Burger, C.; Wan, F.; Zhang, J.; Rong, L.; Hsiao, B.; Chu, B.; Cai, J.; Zhang, L.
Evaluation of NaI(TL) and plastic scintillators for use in remote, unattended, and portal monitoring
The authors have evaluated and compared some of the relevant operating characteristics of NaI and plastic scintillators for use in various safeguards monitoring applications. These include a sensitivity analysis of the two scintillators to various radiation fields and scintillator response as affected by environmental temperature. A comparison of experiment and modeling via the Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) code has been performed to validate the calculational techniques. This then enables complex detector situations to be simulated with increased confidence.
Staples, P.; Audia, J.; Bai, Y.; Briggs, M.; Halbig, J.K.; Ianakiev, K.D.
A Distribuição Espacial e Variabilidade Interanual do Fogo na Amazônia
3 a 60. 3 a 60. 1 A Distribuição Espacial e Variabilidade Interanual do Fogo na Amazônia Wilfrid Schroeder, 1 Ane Alencar, 2 Eugênio Arima, 3 e Alberto Setzer 4 Evidências a partir de observações de carvão sugerem baixa frequência de eventos de fogo causadores de alteração das florestas amazônicas no período anterior ao século vinte. Entretanto, a distribuição espacial e temporal do fogo mudou drasticamente nas últimas décadas. O fogo tornou-se uma das forças motrizes do uso da terra e da mudança da cobertura vegetal na Amazônia. A crescente intervenção humana na região, juntamente com anomalias climáticas, expuseram as florestas tropicais a um número sem precedentes de fogos em vegetação com consequências importantes para o funcionamento do complexo sistema
Doping-dependent anisotropic superconducting gap in Na1-?(Fe1-xCox)As from London penetration depth
The London penetration depth was measured in single crystals of self-doped Na1-?FeAs (from under doping to optimal doping, Tc from 14 to 27 K) and electron-doped Na(Fe1-xCox)As with x ranging from undoped, x=0, to overdoped, x=0.1. In all samples, the low-temperature variation of the penetration depth exhibits a power-law dependence, ??(T)=ATn, with the exponent that varies in a domelike fashion from n�1.1 in the underdoped, reaching a maximum of n�1.9 in the optimally doped, and decreasing again to n�1.3 on the overdoped side. While the anisotropy of the gap structure follows a universal domelike evolution, the exponent at optimal doping, n�1.9, is lower than in other charge-doped Fe-based superconductors (FeSCs). The full-temperature range superfluid density, ?s(T)=?(0)/?(T)2, at optimal doping is also distinctly different from other charge-doped FeSCs but is similar to isovalently substituted BaFe2(As1-xPx)2, believed to be a nodal pnictide at optimal doping. These results suggest that the superconducting gap in Na(Fe1-xCox)As is highly anisotropic even at optimal doping.
Cho, Kyuil; Tanatar, Makariy A.; Spyrison, Nicholas; Kim, Hyunsoo; Song, Y.; Dai, Pengcheng; Zhang, C.L.; Prozorov, Ruslan
NaREC Offshore and Drivetrain Test Facility Collaboration: Cooperative Research and Development Final Report, CRADA Number CRD-04-140
The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and the National Renewable Energy Centre (NaREC) in the United Kingdom (UK) have a mutual interest in collaborating in the development of full-scale offshore wind energy and drivetrain testing facilities. NREL and NaREC will work together to share resources and experiences in the development of future wind energy test facilities. This Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) includes sharing of test protocols, infrastructure cost data, test plans, pro forma contracting instruments, and safe operating strategies. Furthermore, NREL and NaREC will exchange staff for training and development purposes.
Musial, W.
Lglise, Isabelle & Alby, Sophie (2006). Minorization and the process of (de)minoritization : the case of Kali'na in French Guiana. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 182, 67-86.
)minoritization: the case of Kali'na in French Guiana Introduction The concept of diglossia, according to the broad)minoritization : the case of Kali'na in French Guiana. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 182, 67-86. Minorization and the process of (de)minoritization: the case of Kali'na in French Guiana Isabelle Léglise
Quantification of NA processes for the CAH-contamination in Karlsruhe-Ost/Killisfeld with the help of a groundwater model
Reactive transport of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAH) was simulated with a process oriented multi-species-model for a model domain of 4�km2. The objective of the calculations was the quantification of NA...
Dr.-Ing. W. Sch�fer; Dr. F. Wickert; Dr. A. Tiehm
Supporting Information Surface Electric Fields of Aqueous Solutions of NH4NO3, Mg(NO3)2, NaNO3,
S1 Supporting Information Surface Electric Fields of Aqueous Solutions of NH4NO3, Mg(NO3)2, NaNO3 interfaces of (a) 1.0 M and 2.0 M LiNO3, (b) 1.0 M and 1.7 M NaNO3, (c) 1.0 M and 1.6 M NH4NO3, and (d) 1.0 M water 1.0 M NaNO3 1.7 M NaNO3 c water 1.0 M NH4 NO3 1.6 M NH4 NO3 | (2) | 2 (10 3 arb.units) Wavenumber
Role of ethanol in sodalite crystallization in an ethanolNa2OAl2O3SiO2 Yi Huang,ab
Role of ethanol in sodalite crystallization in an ethanolNa2OAl2O3SiO2 H2O system Yi Huang 2011 DOI: 10.1039/c1ce05194f Crystallization of sodalite was studied in an ethanolNa2OAl2O3SiO2H2O system. The addition of ethanol was observed to significantly affect the crystallization process
Rubloff, Gary W.
Na-Cl-Br systematics of fluid inclusions from Mississippi Valley-type deposits, Appalachian Basin: Constraints on solute origin and migration paths
This study evaluated Na-Cl-Br systematics of fluid inclusion-hosted brines in Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) deposits from the Appalachian Basin. Unlike other geochemical tracers such as lead and strontium isotopes which constrain metal sources, Na-Cl-Br systematics identify sources of brine salinity. Saline formation waters can vary systematically within and between basins with regard to their Na-Cl-Br compositions depending on the importance of halite dissolution relative to retention of subaerially evaporated seawater for the halogen budget. Oil field brine compositions from the Illinois and Appalachian basins are quite distinct in their Na-Cl-Br systematics. Compositions of saline fluid inclusions in MVT deposits generally are consistent with these regional differences. These results shed new light on the extent of regional flow systems and on the geochemical evolution of saline fluids responsible for mineralization. Nearly all fluid inclusions analyzed from the Appalachian MVT deposits have Na/Br and Cl/Br ratios less than modern seawater, consistent with ratios observed in marine brines involved in halite precipitation. The Na-Cl-Br systematics of the brines responsible for Appalachian MVT deposits may be inherited from original marine brines refluxed into the porous carbonate shelf sediments that host these deposits. The Cl/Br and Na/Br ratios of most fluid inclusion-hosted brines from Appalachian MVT sphalerites and fluorites fall into two compositional groups, one from the Lower Cambrian paleoaquifer and another from the Lower Ordovician paleoaquifer. Leachates from most MVT barite deposits form a third compositional group having lower Na/Br and Cl/Br ratios than the other two. Appalachian MVT leachate compositions differ significantly from those in MVT deposits in the Cincinnati arch-midcontinent region suggesting that these two MVT provinces formed from brines of different origin or flow path. 59 refs., 8 figs., 2 tabs.
Kesler, S.E.; Martini, A.M.; Appold, M.S.; Walter, L.M.; Huston, T.J. [Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)] [Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States); Furman, F.C. [Univ. of Missouri, Rolla, MO (United States)] [Univ. of Missouri, Rolla, MO (United States)
Electron spin resonance and electron spin-echo modulation study of paramagnetic Rh species generated in Ca-Y and Na-Y zeolites
Paramagnetic Rh species generated in RhNa-Y and RhCa-Y zeolites after various treatments were characterized by using electron spin resonance (ESR) and electron spin-echo modulation (ESEM) spectroscopies. Activation in flowing oxygen at 500/sup 0/C ..beta..-hydrogen a considerable amount of Rh(II) located in site I in the hexagonal prism of the zeolite structure for 3 wt % Rh in RhNa-Y zeolite. Samples of 1 wt % Rh in RhNa-Y and RhCa-Y did not show any paramagnetic signals. Adsorption of various adsorbates such as water, ammonia, methanol, carbon monoxide, and oxygen on activated samples induced a considerable increase in the ESR intensities. Adsorption of oxygen and carbon monoxide yields the corresponding adducts which are located in the ..cap alpha..-cage of the zeolite structure. Hydration generated a species which is coordinated to three water molecules. Adsorption of methanol on RhNa-Y generated a species H2 which is also formed after reduction of RhNa-Y with H/sub 2/, suggesting that the methanol molecule undergoes a reaction to generate products which further reduce Rh(III) species in the ..beta..-cage of the zeolite structure to Rh(II). No significant differences were observed between RhNa-Y and RhCa-Y except for the formation of different Rh(II) species after methanol adsorption in RhCa-Y and the generation of a larger amount of Rh(II) in site I in RhNa-Y. These results are compared to previously obtained data in RhNa-X and RhCa-X to account for the effect of the cocations and the Si/Al ratio on the generation of Rh(II) species in zeolites.
Goldfarb, D.; Kevan, L.
1.25 mM NaH2PO4, 1 mM CaCl2, 1 mM MgCl2, 26 mM NaHCO3 and 10 mM dextrose, bubbled with 95% O2/5% CO2 (pH 7.4). Slices (300400 mm thick) were prepared with a
1.25 mM NaH2PO4, 1 mM CaCl2, 1 mM MgCl2, 26 mM NaHCO3 and 10 mM dextrose, bubbled with 95% O2/5% CO cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF: 124 mM NaCl, 2 mM KCl, 1.5 mM MgSO4, 1.25 mM NaH2PO4, 2.5 mM CaCl2, 26 mM NaHCO3, 10
Zuker, Charles
Heavy Fuel Oil Prices for Electricity Generation - EIA
Heavy Fuel Oil Prices for Electricity Generation for Selected Countries1 Heavy Fuel Oil Prices for Electricity Generation for Selected Countries1 U.S. Dollars per Metric Ton2 Country 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Argentina NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Australia NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Austria 83.0 96.4 146.4 153.3 182.2 226.1 220.3 342.3 248.3 Barbados NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Belgium 155.1 160.4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bolivia NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Brazil NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Canada 115.7 117.8 180.4 141.5 198.4 222.4 NA NA NA Chile NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA China NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Chinese Taipei (Taiwan) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Colombia NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Cuba NA NA NA 183.4 NA NA NA NA NA
Design Study of Pb-Bi-Cooled and NaK-Cooled Small Reactors: PBWFR and DSFR
The liquid lead-bismuth eutectic (Pb-Bi) has good compatibility with water, which is different from sodium. It is expected that the Pb-Bi could be used as a coolant of the deep sea fast reactor (DSFR) and the Pb-Bi- cooled direct contact boiling water small fast reactor (PBWFR). Physics analysis of the Pb-Bi-cooled small reactor cores with and without inner control rods was performed using the computer program of General Purpose Neutronics Code System (SRAC95) developed by Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI). The coolant of Pb-Bi seems to be good as well as NaK for small reactors. (authors)
Otsubo, Akira; Takahashi, Minoru [N1-18, Research Laboratory for Nuclear Reactors, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550 (Japan)
Emission of Band-Gap-Energy Positrons from Surfaces of LiF, NaF, and Other Ionic Crystals
Energetic positrons implanted into various ionic crystal surfaces are reemitted with a maximum kinetic energy (14.7 � 0.7 eV for LiF) near the band-gap energy. The evidence suggests that, at least for LiF and NaF, the emission originates from bulk-formed positronium (Ps) breaking up after diffusing to the surface. In our model, the positrons are Auger emitted when the Ps electrons recombine with holes at the surface, and the spectrum of positron energies thus reflects the density of empty surface states.
A. P. Mills; Jr. and William S. Crane
The structure of Na[Fe(H{sub 2}O)(EDTA)]{center_dot}2H{sub 2}O
Details are reported for the synthesis and x-ray single crystal structure of Na[Fe(H{sub 2}O)(EDTA)]{center_dot}H{sub 2}O. The complex compound consists of yellow, cube-like monoclinic crystals (in space group Cc) with cell constants of a = 8.898(2), b = 1 1.928(4), and c = 15.045(4). The D{sub calc}, is 1.779 mg/m{sup 3}, Z = 4, R{sub 1} = 0.0373. The structure is compared to others containing iron-oxygen and iron-nitrogen linkages, and the hydrogen bonding for the complex is discussed.
Zubkowski, J.D. [Jackson State Univ., MS (United States); Valente, E.J. [Mississippi College, Clinton, MS (United States); Lewis, C.; Perry, D.L. [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., CA (United States)
Analysis of the 40K contamination in NaI(Tl) crystals from different providers in the frame of the ANAIS project
NaI(Tl) large crystals are applied in the search for galactic dark matter particles through their elastic scattering off the target nuclei in the detector by measuring the scintillation signal produced. However, energies deposited in the form of nuclear recoils are small, which added to the low efficiency to convert that energy into scintillation, makes that events at or very near the energy threshold, attributed either to radioactive backgrounds or to spurious noise (non-bulk NaI(Tl) scintillation events), can compromise the sensitivity goals of such an experiment. DAMA/LIBRA experiment, using 250 kg NaI(Tl) target, reported first evidence of the presence of an annual modulation in the detection rate compatible with that expected for a dark matter signal just in the region below 6 keVee (electron equivalent energy). In the frame of the ANAIS (Annual modulation with NaI Scintillators) dark matter search project a large and long effort has been carried out in order to understand the origin of events at very low energy in large sodium iodide detectors and develop convenient filters to reject those non attributable to scintillation in the bulk NaI(Tl) crystal. 40K is probably the most relevant radioactive contaminant in the bulk for NaI(Tl) detectors because of its important contribution to the background at very low energy. ANAIS goal is to achieve levels at or below 20 ppb natural potassium. In this paper we will report on our effort to determine the 40K contamination in several NaI(Tl) crystals, by measuring in coincidence between two (or more) of them. Results obtained for the 40K content of crystals from different providers will be compared and prospects of the ANAIS dark matter search experiment will be briefly reviewed.
Clara Cuesta; Julio Amar�; Susana Cebri�n; Eduardo Garc�a; Carlos Ginestra; Mar�a Mart�nez; Miguel A. Oliv�n; Ysrael Ortigoza; Alfonso Ort�z de Sol�rzano; Carlos Pobes; Jorge Puimed�n; Mar�a Luisa Sarsa; Jos� �ngel Villar; Patricia Villar
Direct measurement of the spin gap in a quasi-one-dimensional clinopyroxene: NaTiSi2O6
True inorganic spin-Peierls materials are extremely rare, but NaTiSi2O6 was at one time considered to be an ideal candidate owing to its well separated chains of edge-sharing TiO6 octahedra. At low temperatures, this material undergoes a phase transition from C2/c to P1� symmetry, where Ti3+?Ti3+ dimers begin to form within the chains. However, it was quickly realized with magnetic susceptibility that simple spin fluctuations do not progress to the point of enabling such a transition. Since then, considerable experimental and theoretical endeavors have been undertaken to find the true ground state of this system and explain how it manifests. Here, we employ the use of x-ray diffraction, neutron spectroscopy, and magnetic susceptibility to directly and simultaneously measure the symmetry loss, spin singlet-triplet gap, and phonon modes. A gap of 53(3) meV was observed, fit to the magnetic susceptibility, and compared to previous theoretical models to unambiguously assign NaTiSi2O6 as having an orbital-assisted Peierls ground state.
Harlyn J. Silverstein; Alison E. Smith; Cole Mauws; Douglas L. Abernathy; Haidong Zhou; Zhiling Dun; Johan van Lierop; Christopher R. Wiebe
A Expansão da Agricultura Intensiva e Pecuária na Amazônia Brasileira
61 a 81. 61 a 81. 1 A Expansão da Agricultura Intensiva e Pecuária na Amazônia Brasileira Robert Walker, 1 Ruth DeFries, 2 Maria Del Carmem Vera-Diaz, 3 Yosio Shimabukuro, 4 e Adriano Venturieri 5 A agropecuária na Amazônia tem, frequentemente, provocado controvérsia em função do imenso valor ecológico do meio ambiente da região. Isso ocorreu, primeiramente, com a pecuária e atualmente com o crescimento acelerado da soja, uso de tratores e criação de gado. Essas atividades têm ocupado terras que, por milênios, sustentaram somente florestas úmidas fechadas, ecossistemas naturais e povos indígenas dispersos. O presente capítulo focaliza a porção brasileira da Bacia Amazônica e trata da expansão da agropecuária nesta região, partindo da premissa de que uma efetiva política de desenvolvimento
Effects of curing temperature and NaOH addition on hydration and strength development of clinker-free CKD-fly ash binders
Effects of curing temperature and NaOH addition on hydration and strength development of cement kiln dust (CKD)-fly ash (FA) binders were investigated. Pastes made with 50% CKD and 50% FA, having 0, 2, and 5% NaOH addition, and cured at temperatures of 24, 38, and 50 deg. C were evaluated. The hydration products of the binders were examined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests. The results indicate that the major crystalline hydration product of the CKD-FA binders is ettringite, and the ettringite is stable in the CKD-FA system at age over 100 days. Curing at elevated temperature is more effective for CKD-FA binder strength improvement than NaOH addition, the later often depressing ettringite formation in a CKD-FA system. At a proper curing temperature (38 deg. C), addition of a small amount of NaOH (2%) may increase CKD-FA binder strength; while at a high curing temperature (50 deg. C), addition of NaOH (2%) may reduce the binder strength.
Wang Kejin; Shah, Surendra P.; Mishulovich, Alexander
Experimental Determinations of the Activity-Composition Relations and Phase Equilibria of H{sub 2}O-CO{sub 2}-NaCl Fluids
An understanding of activity-composition (a/X) relations and phase equilibria for halite-bearing, mixed-species supercritical fluids is critically important in many geological and industrial applications. The authors have performed experiments on the a/X relations and phase equilibria of H{sub 2}O-CO{sub 2}-NaCl fluids at 5OO C, 500 bars, to obtain highly accurate and precise data for this ternary system. H{sub 2}O-CO{sub 2}-NaCl samples were reacted at a (H{sub 2}O) = 0.350, 0.425, 0.437, 0.448, 0.560, 0.606, 0.678, 0.798, and 0.841. Results indicate that fluids with these activities lie in the vapor-NaCl two-phase region, and that a fluid with the last value has a composition close to the three-phase (vapor + brine + halite) field. Data from these experiments and NaCl solubility runs also suggest that the vapor comer of the three-phase field lies near X(H{sub 2}O) = 0.760, X(NaCl) = 0.065, which is a significantly more water-rich composition than suggested by the model of [1].
Anovitz, L.M.; Labotka, T.C.; Blencoe, J.G.; Singh, J.; Horita, J.
Phase equilibria in the system H{sub 2}O-NaCl-KCl-MgCl{sub 2} relevant to salt cake processing
One waste product in recycling of Al is salt cake, a mixture of Al, salts, and residue oxides. Several methods have been proposed to recycle salt cake, one involving high-temperature leaching of salts from the salt cake. The salt composition can be approximated as a mixture predominantly of NaCl and KCl salts, with lesser amounts of Mg chloride. In order to better assess the feasibility of recycling salt cake, an experimental study was conducted of phase equilibria in the system H{sub 2}O-NaCl-KCl-MgCl{sub 2} at pressure (P), temperature (T), and composition conditions appropriate for high- temperature salt cake recycling. These experiments were designed to evaluate the effect of small amounts (2-10 wt%) of MgCl{sub 2} on solubilities of halite (NaCl) and sylvite (KCl) in saturated solutions (30-50 wt% NaCl+KCl; NaCl:KCl = 1:1 and 3:1) at elevated P and T.
Bodnar, R.J.; Vityk, M.O. [Virginia Polytechnic Inst., Blacksburg, VA (United States)] [Virginia Polytechnic Inst., Blacksburg, VA (United States); Hryn, J.N. [Argonne National Lab., IL (United States)] [Argonne National Lab., IL (United States); Mavrogenes, J. [Australian National Univ., Canberra, ACT (Australia)] [Australian National Univ., Canberra, ACT (Australia)
Independent cross sections of Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Fr isotopes produced in Ta and U targets bombarded by C12 ions up to 77 MeV/nucleon
Isotopic distribution measurements for Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Fr in the reactions Ta181(C12,�X)Na,K,Rb,Cs and U238(C12,�X)Na,K,Rb,Cs,Fr at different energies E=13,�27,�and�77 MeV/nucleon are reported. The independently observed yields of Rb and Cs show an important contribution for neutron-deficient nuclei. The U target shows very broad isotopic distributions which may be understood as a sum of two components. The results are compared to those obtained by nuclear reactions induced by protons over a wide energy range.NUCLEAR REACTIONS Ta181(C12,�X)Na,K,Rb,Cs; U238(C12,�X)Na,K,Rb,Cs,Fr; E=13,�27,�77 MeV/nucleon; measured Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr isotopic distributions, heavy ion induced fission, spallation, on-line mass spectrometry.
M. de Saint Simon; S. Haan; G. Audi; A. Coc; M. Epherre; P. Guimbal; A. C. Mueller; C. Thibault; F. Touchard; M. Langevin
Exotic magnetism on the quasi-FCC lattices of the d3 double perovskites La2NaB'O6 (B' = Ru, Os)
We find evidence for long-range and short-range ($\\zeta$~$=$~70~\\AA~at 4~K) incommensurate magnetic order on the quasi-face-centered-cubic (FCC) lattices of the monoclinic double perovskites La$_2$NaRuO$_6$ and La$_2$NaOsO$_6$ respectively. Incommensurate magnetic order on the FCC lattice has not been predicted by mean field theory, but may arise via a delicate balance of inequivalent nearest neighbour and next nearest neighbour exchange interactions. In the Ru system with long-range order, inelastic neutron scattering also reveals a spin gap $\\Delta$~$\\sim$~2.75~meV. Magnetic anisotropy is generally minimized in the more familiar octahedrally-coordinated $3d^3$ systems, so the large gap observed for La$_2$NaRuO$_6$ may result from the significantly enhanced value of spin-orbit coupling in this $4d^3$ material.
Aczel, Adam A [ORNL] [ORNL; Baker, Peter J. [ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (ISIS)] [ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (ISIS); Bugaris, Dan [University of South Carolina] [University of South Carolina; Yeon, Jeongho [University of South Carolina, Columbia] [University of South Carolina, Columbia; Zur Loye, Hans-Conrad [University of South Carolina] [University of South Carolina; Guidi, T. [ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (ISIS)] [ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (ISIS); Adroja, D. T. [ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (ISIS)] [ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (ISIS)
The reaction mechanism of SnSb and Sb thin film anodes for Na-ion batteries studied by X-ray diffraction, 119Sn and 121Sb M ssbauer spectroscopies
The electrochemical reaction of Sb and SnSb anode materials with Na results in the formation of amorphous materials. To understand the resulting phases and electrochemical capacities we studied the reaction products local order using 119Sn and 121Sb M ssbauer spectroscopies in conjunction with measurements performed on model powder compounds of Na-Sn and Na-Sb to further clarify the reactions steps. For pure Sb the discharge (sodiation) starts with the formation of an amorphous phase composed of atomic environments similar to those found in NaSb, and proceeds further by the formation of environments similar to that present in Na3Sb. The reversible reaction takes place during a large portion of the charge process. At full charge the anode material still contains a substantial fraction of Na, which explains the lack of recrystallization into crystalline Sb. The reaction of SnSb yields Na3Sb crystalline phase at full discharge at higher temperatures (65 and 95 C) while the room temperature reaction yields amorphous compounds. The electrochemically-driven, solid-state amorphization reaction occurring at room temperature is governed by the simultaneous formation of Na-coordinated Sn and Sb environments, as monitored by the decrease (increase) of the 119Sn (121Sb) M ssbauer isomer shifts. Overall, the monitoring of the hyperfine parameters enables to correlate the changes in Na content to the individual Sn and Sb local chemical environments.
Baggetto, Loic [ORNL; Hah, Hien-Yoong [University of Tennessee (UT) Space Institute; Jumas, Dr. Jean-Claude [Institut Charles Gerhardt, University of Montpellier II, FRANCE; Johnson, Prof. Dr. Charles E. [University of Tennessee (UT) Space Institute; Johnson, Jackie A. [University of Tennessee (UT) Space Institute; Keum, Jong Kahk [ORNL; Bridges, Craig A [ORNL; Veith, Gabriel M [ORNL
Hanford Low Activity Waste (LAW) Fluidized Bed Steam Reformer (FBSR) Na-Al-Si (NAS) Waste Form Qualification
Hanford Low Activity Waste (LAW) Fluidized Bed Steam Hanford Low Activity Waste (LAW) Fluidized Bed Steam Reformer (FBSR) Na-Al-Si (NAS) Waste Form Qualification C.M. Jantzen and E.M. Pierce November 18, 2010 2 Participating Organizations 3 Incentive and Objectives FBSR sodium-aluminosilicate (NAS) waste form has been identified as a promising supplemental treatment technology for Hanford LAW Objectives: Reduce the risk associated with implementing the FBSR NAS waste form as a supplemental treatment technology for Hanford LAW Conduct test with actual tank wastes Use the best science to fill key data gaps Linking previous and new results together 4 Outline FBSR NAS waste form processing scales FBSR NAS waste form data/key assumptions FBSR NAS key data gaps FBSR NAS testing program 5 FBSR NAS Waste Form Processing
..&rrbt, Chief, Industrial Hy&na Branch, HerlthbrSas8byLaboratoly
Office of Legacy Management (LM)
tf..@ tf..@ ..&rrbt, Chief, Industrial Hy&na Branch, HerlthbrSas8byLaboratoly ;,.; , ' 1 ' @@w-w 3, 1954 P. B. Klevin, Indurtrial Hygiexn J5rantah, Barrlei &'afelky Lab0raM~ : . .A , 3 t :;p,: . NATIONAL LEiD OF OHIO ROLLINO OFERATIONS AT SIHONr>s SAW 6 STEEL- Amm', +I& y9, <: '.. SmBoLt HSHtPBK ' -: - St. Louis Area Office at the Simnds Saw and Steel Co., k&port, NJ., on tha &boVe clrtm, I oblruloed tb Mat;Lonal Uad umu&m and thorium roll- ing operations which were In pogress at the 16" and 10" mills respectively. Althm& hhls+urV8y w&d: ma& wltbout Qte dlx' aet request of the National Lead Co., I am reporting the results for your information. At the W aill whem 38 fh&m ingots were r&lad into lmgthaned rods,
The Role of FeS in Initial Activation and Performance Degradation of Na-NiCl2 Batteries
The role of iron sulfide (FeS) in initial cell activation and degradation in the Na-NiCl2 battery was investigated in this work. The research focused on identifying the effects of the FeS level on the electrochemical performance and morphological changes in the cathode. The x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study along with battery tests revealed that FeS plays a critical role in initial battery activation by removing passivation layers on Ni particles. It was also found that the optimum level of FeS in the cathode resulted in minimum Ni particle growth and improved battery cycling performance. The results of electrochemical characterization indicated that sulfur species generated in situ during initial charging, such as polysulfide and sulfur, are responsible for removing the passivation layer. Consequently, the cells containing elemental sulfur in the cathode exhibited similar electrochemical behavior during initial charging compared to that of the cells containing FeS.
Li, Guosheng; Lu, Xiaochuan; Kim, Jin Yong; Engelhard, Mark H.; Lemmon, John P.; Sprenkle, Vincent L.
Variations in K{sup +}-Na{sup +} ion exchange depth in commercial and experimental float glass compositions
The authors report the results of ion-exchange experiments conducted on 17 commercial soda-lime-silicate (SLS) float glass and 8 experimental SLS glass compositions. A significant variation in the depth of K{sup +} penetration with relatively small changes in composition was observed. The data were fit to a multiple regression model in which the major oxides are the independent variables and depth of K{sup +} is the dependent variable. The model indicates that increased depth of exchange (increased interdiffusion coefficient) correlates predominantly with increased K{sub 2}O and/or Na{sub 2}O content of the glass, with a decreased total alkaline earth content and with the ratio of CaO/MgO.
Sinton, C.W.; LaCourse, W.C.; O'Connell, M.J.
Analysis of Na and Ba in an atomic fluorescence method with excitation by a pulsed dye laser with lamp pumping
Among the laser methods used in atomic spectroscopy, atomic fluorescence resonance spectroscopy together with an atomic ionization technique make it possible to work with individual atoms. This paper reports on the determination of Na and Ba in aqueous solutions of their salts with atomic fluorescence analysis performed wih a dye laser and lamp pumping, the pulse of generation having a length of 1-2 usec. The detection limit of elements in atomic fluorescence analysis performed wih dye lasers with lamp pumping can be reduced by increasing the spectral density of the laser radiation through narrowing the line of generation, by employing other dyes to excite lines of greater intensity, by improving the recording system of the fluorescence spectra, and by improving the atomization of the samples to be analyzed.
Kukvshim, V.G.
Coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering detection with a CsI[Na] scintillator at the SNS spallation source
We study the possibility of using CsI[Na] scintillators as an advantageous target for the detection of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CENNS), using the neutrino emissions from the SNS spallation source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The response of this material to low-energy nuclear recoils like those expected from this process is characterized. Backgrounds are studied using a 2 kg low-background prototype crystal in a dedicated radiation shield. The conclusion is that a planned 14 kg detector should measure approximately 550 CENNS events per year above a demonstrated $\\sim7$ keVnr low-energy threshold, with a signal-to-background ratio sufficient for a first measurement of the CENNS cross-section. The cross-section for the $^{208}$Pb($\
J. I. Collar; N. E. Fields; E. Fuller; M. Hai; T. W. Hossbach; J. L. Orrell; G. Perumpilly; B. Scholz
Modulated magnetic structure in quasi-one-dimensional clinopyroxene NaFeGe{sub 2}O{sub 6}
The magnetic structure of the NaFeGe{sub 2}O{sub 6} monoclinic compound has been experimentally investigated using the elastic scattering of neutrons. At a temperature of 1.6 K, an incommensurate magnetic structure has been observed in the form of an antiferromagnetic helix formed by a pairs of the spins of the Fe{sup 3+} ions with helical modulation in the ac plane of the crystal lattice. The wave vector of the magnetic structure has been determined and its temperature behavior has been studied. The analysis of the temperature dependences of the specific heat and susceptibility, as well as the isotherms of the field dependence of the magnetization, has revealed the existence of not only the order-disorder magnetic phase transition at the point T{sub N} = 13 K, but also an additional magnetic phase transition at the point T{sub c} = 11.5 K, which is assumingly an orientation phase transition.
Drokina, T. V., E-mail: email@example.com; Petrakovskii, G. A. [Russian Academy of Sciences, Kirensky Institute of Physics, Siberian Branch (Russian Federation); Keller, L.; Schefer, J. [ETH Zuerich and Paul Scherrer Institut, Laboratory for Neutron Scattering (Switzerland); Balaev, A. D.; Kartashev, A. V.; Ivanov, D. A. [Russian Academy of Sciences, Kirensky Institute of Physics, Siberian Branch (Russian Federation)
'Devil's Staircase'-Type Phase Transition in NaV{sub 2}O{sub 5} under High Pressure
The 'devil's staircase'-type phase transition in the quarter-filled spin-ladder compound NaV{sub 2}O {sub 5} has been discovered at low temperature and high pressure by synchrotron radiation x-ray diffraction. A large number of transitions are found to successively take place among higher-order commensurate phases with 2a x 2b x zc type superstructures. The observed temperature and pressure dependence of modulation wave number q{sub c}, defined by 1/z, is well reproduced by the axial next nearest neighbor Ising model. The q{sub c} is suggested to reflect atomic displacements presumably coupled with charge ordering in this system.
Ohwada, K.; Fujii, Y.; Takesue, N.; Isobe, M.; Ueda, Y.; Nakao, H.; Wakabayashi, Y.; Murakami, Y.; Ito, K.; Amemiya, Y. (and others)
Steam reforming of methane using double-walled reformer tubes containing high-temperature thermal storage Na2CO3/MgO composites for solar fuel production
Abstract Double-walled reactor tubes containing thermal storage materials based on the molten carbonate salts�100�wt% Na2CO3 molten salt, 90�wt% Na2CO3/10�wt% MgO and 80�wt% Na2CO3/20�wt% MgO composite materials�were studied for the performances of the reactor during the heat charging mode, while those of methane reforming with steam during heat discharging mode for solar steam reforming. The variations in the temperatures of the catalyst and storage material, methane conversion, duration of reforming for obtaining high levels of methane conversion (>90%), higher heating value (HHV) power of reformed gas and efficiency of the reactor tubes were evaluated for the double-walled reactor tubes and a single-wall reactor tube without the thermal storage. The results for the heat charging mode indicated that the composite thermal storage could successfully store the heat transferred from the exterior wall of the reactor in comparison to the pure molten-salt. The double-walled reactor tubes with the 90�wt% Na2CO3/10�wt% MgO composite material was the most desirable for steam reforming of methane to realize large HHV amounts of reformed gas and higher efficiencies during heat-discharging mode.
Nobuyuki Gokon; Shohei Nakamura; Tsuyoshi Hatamachi; Tatsuya Kodama
Photochemistry of adsorbed molecules. XV. Localized atomic scattering in the photolysis of HI/LiF(001) and HI/NaF(001)
Photochemistry of adsorbed molecules. XV. Localized atomic scattering in the photolysis of HI reported. A semiempirical potential-energy surface pes is given for HI adsorbed on NaF, based on an earlier arrangements of the HI adsorbate molecules. Comparison with the experimental results showed that the second
Zeiri, Yehuda
Nanoparticle/Graphene Capsules by Capillary Molding K. Sohn1, Y. J. Na1, H. Chang2, K. Roh2, H. D. Jang2 and J. Huang1
MRSEC Nanoparticle/Graphene Capsules by Capillary Molding K. Sohn1, Y. J. Na1, H. Chang2, K. Roh2 Resources K. Sohn, et al., Chem. Comm., 48. 2, 5968 (2012). Hollow graphene capsules are synthesized by capillary molding of graphene oxide (GO) sheets against polystyrene bead template in evaporating aerosol
Shahriar, Selim
A new study of the $^{22}$Ne(p,$?$)$^{23}$Na reaction deep underground: Feasibility, setup, and first observation of the 186 keV resonance
The $^{22}$Ne(p,$\\gamma$)$^{23}$Na reaction takes part in the neon-sodium cycle of hydrogen burning. This cycle is active in asymptotic giant branch stars as well as in novae and contributes to the nucleosythesis of neon and sodium isotopes. In order to reduce the uncertainties in the predicted nucleosynthesis yields, new experimental efforts to measure the $^{22}$Ne(p,$\\gamma$)$^{23}$Na cross section directly at the astrophysically relevant energies are needed. In the present work, a feasibility study for a $^{22}$Ne(p,$\\gamma$)$^{23}$Na experiment at the Laboratory for Underground Nuclear Astrophysics (LUNA) 400\\,kV accelerator deep underground in the Gran Sasso laboratory, Italy, is reported. The ion beam induced $\\gamma$-ray background has been studied. The feasibility study led to the first observation of the $E_{\\rm p}$ = 186\\,keV resonance in a direct experiment. An experimental lower limit of 0.12\\,$\\times$\\,10$^{-6}$\\,eV has been obtained for the resonance strength. Informed by the feasibility study, a dedicated experimental setup for the $^{22}$Ne(p,$\\gamma$)$^{23}$Na experiment has been developed. The new setup has been characterized by a study of the temperature and pressure profiles. The beam heating effect that reduces the effective neon gas density due to the heating by the incident proton beam has been studied using the resonance scan technique, and the size of this effect has been determined for a neon gas target.
F. Cavanna; R. Depalo; M. -L. Menzel; M. Aliotta; M. Anders; D. Bemmerer; C. Broggini; C. G. Bruno; A. Caciolli; P. Corvisiero; T. Davinson; A. di Leva; Z. Elekes; F. Ferraro; A. Formicola; Zs. F�l�p; G. Gervino; A. Guglielmetti; C. Gustavino; Gy. Gy�rky; G. Imbriani; M. Junker; R. Menegazzo; P. Prati; C. Rossi Alvarez; D. A. Scott; E. Somorjai; O. Straniero; F. Strieder; T. Sz�cs; D. Trezzi
TiO2 nanoparticles for Li-ion battery anodes: Mitigation of growth and irreversible capacity using LiOH and NaOH
TiO2 anatase and rutile nanoparticles with various sizes and morphologies have been synthesized by very facile and scalable methods. A post-treatment including addition of LiOH or NaOH to the particles followed by heating at 180�C in air or autoclave ...
Martin S�ndergaard; Yanbin Shen; Aref Mamakhel; Mario Marinaro; Margret Wohlfahrt-Mehrens; Karen Wonsyld; S�ren Dahl; Bo B. Iversen
Nuclear reactions of medium and heavy target nuclei with high-energy projectiles III. Emission of24Na and28Mg fragments
The emission of24Na and28Mg fragments in the reaction induced by 3�65 A GeV12C-ions and 3�65 GeV protons on Mn, Co, Cu, Ag, Au, and Pb targets has been studied. The experimental ratios of forward-to-backward emis...
P. Kozma
A thermodynamic model for calculating nitrogen solubility, gas phase composition and density of the N2�H2O�NaCl system
A thermodynamic model is presented to calculate N2 solubility in pure water (273�590�K and 1�600�bar) and aqueous NaCl solutions (273�400�K, 1�600�bar and 0�6�mol�kg?1) with or close to experimental accuracy. This model is based on a semi-empirical equation used to calculate gas phase composition of the H2O�N2 system and a specific particle interaction theory for liquid phase. With the parameters evaluated from N2�H2O�NaCl system and using a simple approach, the model is extended to predict the N2 solubility in seawater accurately. Liquid phase density of N2�H2O�NaCl system at phase equilibrium and the homogenization pressure of fluid inclusions containing N2�H2O�NaCl can be calculated from this model. A computer code is developed for this model and can be downloaded from the website: www.geochem-model.org/programs.htm.
Shide Mao; Zhenhao Duan
Early-type stars observed in the ESO UVES Paranal Observatory Project: I -- Interstellar Na I UV, Ti II and Ca II K observations
We present an analysis of interstellar Na I (lambda=3302.37\\AA, 3302.98\\AA), Ti II (lambda=3383.76\\AA) and Ca II K (lambda=3933.66\\AA) absorption features for 74 sightlines towards O- and B-type stars in the Galactic disc. The data were obtained from the UVES Paranal Observatory Project, at a spectral resolution of 3.75km/s and with mean signal to noise ratios per pixel of 260, 300 and 430 for the Na I, Ti II and Ca II observations, respectively. Interstellar features were detected in all but one of the Ti II sightlines and all of the Ca II sightlines. The dependence of the column density of these three species with distance, height relative to the Galactic plane, H I column density, reddening and depletion relative to the solar abundance has been investigated. We also examine the accuracy of using the Na I column density as an indicator of that for H I. In general we find similar strong correlations for both Ti and Ca, and weaker correlations for Na. Our results confirm the general belief that Ti and Ca occur in the same regions of the interstellar medium and also that the Ti II/Ca II ratio is constant over all parameters. We hence conclude that the absorption properties of Ti and Ca are essentially constant under the general interstellar medium conditions of the Galactic disc.
I. Hunter; J. V. Smoker; F. P. Keenan; C. Ledoux; E. Jehin; R. Cabanac; C. Melo; S. Bagnulo
Expression, crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit L from Thermococcus onnurineus NA1
The TON-0309 gene encoding DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit L (ToRNAP_L) from T. onnurineus NA1 was cloned and the protein was expressed in E. coli, purified and crystallized. A preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of a ToRNAP_L crystal was performed.
Ho, T.-H.
Groundwater remediation by anionic surfactant micelles � An innovative double layer model applied to Na+ and Mg2+ association with dodecylsulfate micelles
The association reactions involving counterions, Na+ and Mg2+, and micelles composed of the anionic surfactant, dodecylsulfate (DS?), were investigated in ultrafiltration experiments. To access the data, an innovative model was developed that considered specific counterion binding within a Stern layer, with binding constant dependent upon the electrical potential as derived by the Poisson-Boltzmann equation and with calculation of the cmc as a function of counterion binding (or association). The experimental and model results both show that magnitude of counterion binding is greater for divalent species, Mg2+, than that for the monovalent species, Na2+. However, high concentration of Na+ compete for surface area diminishing the ability of the DS? to bind either divalent species. At experimental conditions from 0 to 100 mM NaCI addition, the binding ratio (BR) varied only from 0.58 to 0.63. The optimum binding constants, \\{KMg\\} and KNa, were determined to be 0.4 and 1.0 L mol?1, respectively, for the model. The experimental data and model calculated results were generally in good agreement.
Ching Yuan; Chung-Hsuang Hung; Chad T. Jafvert
Na2WO4/Co�Mn/SiO2 Catalyst for the Simultaneous Production of Ethylene and Syngas from CH4
Na2WO4/Co�Mn/SiO2...catalyst was prepared and used for the simultaneous production of ethylene and syngas from CH4. A CH4 conversion of 38% and a yield of 21% for (C2H4�+�CO), with a C2H4/CO/H2 ratio of 1/0.7/0.7...
Jingjing Wu; Song Qin; Changwei Hu
Composition dependence of the photophysical and photocatalytic properties of (AgNbO{sub 3}){sub 1-x}(NaNbO{sub 3}){sub x} solid solutions
A series of orthorhombic photocatalysts (AgNbO{sub 3}){sub 1-x}(NaNbO{sub 3}){sub x} solid solutions have been synthesized by a solid-state reaction method. The composition dependence of the photophysical and photocatalytic properties of synthesized solid solutions has been investigated systematically. With an increase in the content of NaNbO{sub 3}, we found that (1) the lattice parameters decreased; (2) the Nb-O bond length in NbO{sub 6} octahedron reduced; (3) the band gap increased; and (4) the mean particle size decreased while the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area increased. Photocatalytic activities of the (AgNbO{sub 3}){sub 1-x}(NaNbO{sub 3}){sub x} (0{<=}x{<=}0.5) samples were evaluated from gaseous 2-propanol (IPA) decomposition into acetone and CO{sub 2} under visible-light irradiation emitted from blue-light-emitting diodes (BLEDs; light intensity: 0.01 mW cm{sup -2}). Among all the samples, the (AgNbO{sub 3}){sub 0.6}(NaNbO{sub 3}){sub 0.4} sample showed the highest photocatalytic activity. - Graphical abstract: A series of orthorhombic photocatalysts (AgNbO{sub 3}){sub 1-x}(NaNbO{sub 3}){sub x} solid solutions have been synthesized by a solid-state reaction method. The composition dependence of the photophysical and photocatalytic properties of synthesized solid solutions has been investigated systematically. The solid solutions show higher visible-light photocatalytic activities for gaseous IPA decomposition in comparison with AgNbO{sub 3}, although the light intensity is 0.01 mW cm{sup -2}. Rate of acetone evolution under visible-light irradiation as a function of NaNbO{sub 3} content in (AgNbO{sub 3}){sub 1-x}(NaNbO{sub 3}){sub x}. The inset is the spectrum of BLEDs. The light intensity is 0.01 mW cm{sup -2}.
Li Guoqiang [Photocatalytic Materials Center (PCMC), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047 (Japan); Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093 (China); Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093 (China); Kako, Tetsuya; Wang Defa [Photocatalytic Materials Center (PCMC), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047 (Japan); Zou Zhigang [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093 (China); Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093 (China); Ye Jinhua [Photocatalytic Materials Center (PCMC), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047 (Japan)], E-mail: email@example.com
Coking Coal Prices for Industry - EIA
Prices for Industry for Selected Countries1 Prices for Industry for Selected Countries1 U.S. Dollars per Metric Ton2 Country 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Argentina NA NA NA NA NA 37.24 NA NA NA Austria NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Belgium 54.03 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Brazil NA NA NA NA NA 106.77 NA NA NA Canada NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Chile NA NA NA NA NA 69.02 NA NA NA China NA 38.38 41.28 52.20 61.72 NA NA NA NA Chinese Taipei (Taiwan) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Colombia NA NA NA NA NA 33.84 NA NA NA Costa Rica NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Cuba NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Czech Republic 51.37 61.04 C C C C C C C Denmark - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00026-7 The distribution of sodium ions in aluminosilicate glasses: A high-field Na-23 MAS and 3Q
of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2115, USA (Received May 22-SiO2 join) and its distribution using 23 Na magic-angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance) because of the reduced effect of second-order quadrupolar interaction, and 23 Na MAS NMR spectra thus
Puglisi, Joseph
[Na(THF)2(?2- ?5- Cp)(?5, ?5, ?1-Cp3Yb)(THF)]n: The synthesis and X-ray structure of an anionic organolanthanide polymer formed via self-assembly
Cp2Yb�2THF reacts with CpNa in 1:1 molar ratio in THF at 40�C for 2 h, and the in situ generated anionic divalent complex NaYbCp3(THF)n reacts further with an excess of CpH at 40�C for 48 h, after work-up, afford...
Huang Dan; Sun Hongmei; Liu Taiqi; Xu Fan; Shen Qi
ECO2N: A TOUGH2 Fluid Property Module for Mixtures of Water, NaCl,and CO2
ECO2N is a fluid property module for the TOUGH2 simulator (Version 2.0) that was designed for applications to geologic sequestration of CO{sub 2} in saline aquifers. It includes a comprehensive description of the thermodynamics and thermophysical properties of H{sub 2}O-NaCl-CO{sub 2} mixtures, that reproduces fluid properties largely within experimental error for the temperature, pressure and salinity conditions of interest (10 C {le} T {le} 110 C; P {le} 476 bar; salinity up to full halite saturation). Flow processes can be modeled isothermally or non-isothermally, and phase conditions represented may include a single (aqueous or CO{sub 2}-rich) phase, as well as two-phase mixtures. Fluid phases may appear or disappear in the course of a simulation, and solid salt may precipitate or dissolve. This report gives technical specifications of ECO2N and includes instructions for preparing input data. Code applications are illustrated by means of several sample problems, including problems that had been previously investigated in a code intercomparison study.
Pruess, Karsten
Laboratory Test Report for Fujitsu 12RLS and Mitsubishi FE12NA Mini-Split Heat Pumps
Mini-split heat pumps are being proposed as a new retrofit option to replace resistance heating in the Pacific Northwest. NREL has previously developed a field test protocol for mini-split systems to ensure consistent results from field tests. This report focuses on the development of detailed system performance maps for mini-split heat pumps so that the potential benefits of mini-split systems can be accurately analyzed for different climate regions and housing types. This report presents laboratory test results for two mini-split heat pumps. Steady-state heating and cooling performance for the Fujitsu 12RLS and Mitsubishi FE12NA was tested under a wide range of outdoor and indoor temperatures at various compressor and fan speeds. Cycling performance for each unit was also tested under both modes of operation. Both systems performed quite well under low loads and the experimental test data aligned with manufacturer reported values. Adequate datasets were attained to promote performance modeling of these two systems in the future.
Winkler, J.
Band-structure calculations for Ba6Ge25 and Ba4Na2Ge25 clathrates
Electronic band structures for Ba6Ge25 and Ba4Na2Ge25 clathrates are calculated using linear muffin-tin orbital method within the local-density approximation. It is found that barium states strongly contribute to the density of states at the Fermi level and thus can influence the transport properties of the compounds. A sharp peak of the density of states is found just at the Fermi level. It is also shown that the shifting of barium atoms toward experimentally deduced split positions in Ba6Ge25 produces a splitting of this peak which may be interpreted as a band Jahn-Teller effect. If the locking of the barium atoms at the observed structural phase transition is assumed, this reduction of the density of states at the Fermi level can account for the experimentally observed decrease of the magnetic susceptibility and electrical resistivity at the phase transition, and the values of density of states are in agreement with low-temperature specific-heat measurements and variation of superconducting transition temperature with pressure.
Ivica Zerec; Alexander Yaresko; Peter Thalmeier; Yuri Grin
International Natural Gas Prices for Electricity Generation - EIA
Electricity Generation for Selected Countries1 Electricity Generation for Selected Countries1 U.S. Dollars per 107 Kilocalories - Gross Calorific Value2 Country 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Argentina NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Australia NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Austria NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Barbados NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Belgium C C C C C C C C C Bolivia NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Brazil NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Canada 145.5 144.7 174.9 171.9 225.2 NA NA NA NA Chile NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA China NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Chinese Taipei (Taiwan) 244.7 252.1 258.6 281.0 326.2 348.5 400.8 499.3 NA
The generation of HCl in the system NaCl-KCl-H{sub 2}O-quartz at 600{degrees}C: Implications regarding HCl in natural systems at lower temperatures
In experiments at 600�C in the system NaCI-KCI-H2O, within the analytical uncertainty, stoichiometric quantities of Cl and total alkali metals (Na+K) appear to dissolve in steam coexisting with chloride-rich brine at high pressures in the absence of solid salt. In contrast, at lower pressures, where steam coexists with precipitated salts, significant excess chloride as associated hydrogen chloride (HCI�) dissolves in steam. The HCI� appears to be generated by the reaction of solid NaCl(s) (halite) with steam, producing solid NaOH(s) that diffuses into halite, forming a solid solution. Where HCI� is present highly associated NaOH� as well as associated NaCI� appear to dissolve in steam, and the solubility of each is increased as the mole fraction of NaOH(s) in halite increases. In our quasi-static experiments, compared to dynamic flow-through experiments of others, higher initial ratios of H2O/NaCI have resulted in higher mole fractions of NaOH(s) in solid solution in halite and, accordingly, higher solubilities of NaCI" and NaOH" dissolved in steam. Addition of quartz to the system NaCI-KCI-H2O results in the formation of sodium disilicate by reaction of silica with NaOH(s) and an order of magnitude increase in the concentration of HCl� dissolved in steam. In natural hydrothermal systems at lower temperatures where brine or brine plus steam are present in the absence of precipitated salt, the pH of the brine is controlled mainly by base exchange reactions involving a variety of silicates that fix Na+/H+ and K+/H+ activity ratios. Where feldspars are present pH values generally are near neutral. Where mica, but no feldspar is present pH values may become only moderately acid. High acidity in salt-absent brine systems occurs only where all feldspars and mica have been altered to other minerals (generally pyrophyllite/ kaolinite or alunite). The situation changes significantly when salt precipitates. Hydrolysis produces HCI� by the reaction of water with NaCl when halite is present. The NaOH(s) that is produced as a byproduct is likely to react with quartz plus various alumino-silicates, producing a variety of alteration products and allowing steam to become greatly enriched in HCl� compared to the composition of steam that is attained in the simple system NaCI-KCI-H2O with halite present. Also, when a natural high-temperature hydrothermal system changes from one in which the pore fluid is brine to one in which the pore fluid is dry steam there is a drastic change in Na+/H+ and K+/H+ activity ratios in the pore fluid because the hydrogen ions that were predominantly dissociated species in the brine become predominantly associated species in steam. The net result is the stabilization of alkali feldspars in contact with steam that may contain appreciable HCI� that is produced by the reaction of precipitated salt with the steam.
Fournier, Robert O.; Thompson, J. Michael
Influence of spraying parameters on the electrochemical behaviour of HVOF thermally sprayed stainless steel coatings in 3.4% NaCl
Stainless steel coatings obtained by High Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) were characterized using optical (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe micro-analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), open-circuit potential (EOC) measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and polarisation tests. Differences among coated steels were mainly related with the gun-substrate distance parameter (310 mm for samples A and B and 260 mm for C and D). The open-circuit potential values measured for all the samples after 18 h of immersion in aerated and unstirred 3.4% NaCl solution were: ?�0.334, ?�0.360, ?�0.379 and ?�0.412 V vs. Ag/AgCl,KClsat. for samples A to D, respectively. For EIS measurements, Nyquist plots showed higher capacitive semi-circle for samples sprayed at longer distance, indicating higher corrosion resistance in NaCl solution.
J.M. Guilemany; J. Fern�ndez; N. Espallargas; P.H. Suegama; A.V. Benedetti
The role of UV illumination on the initial atmospheric corrosion of 09CuPCrNi weathering steel in the presence of NaCl particles
Abstract Effect of UV illumination on the NaCl-induced atmospheric corrosion of 09CuPCrNi weathering steel (WS) was qualitatively and quantitatively studied in this work. UV illumination strongly affects the NaCl-induced atmospheric corrosion process of 09CuPCrNi WS mainly through the photovoltaic effect of the corrosion products with semiconductor properties. The photogenerated electrons and holes can directly participate in the cathodic and anodic reactions and thus directly affect the atmospheric corrosion rate of 09CuPCrNi WS. Meanwhile, the photogenerated electrons and holes can directly involve in the corrosion product formation process and therefore affect the performance of the corrosion product layer formed under UV illumination.
Liying Song; Xiumin Ma; Zhuoyuan Chen; Baorong Hou
Anomalous In-Plane Electronic Scattering in Charge Ordered Na0.41CoO2�0.6H2O
We report electronic transport measurements on high quality floating zone grown NaxCoO2 and Na0.41CoO2�0.6H2O single crystals. We find an in-plane electronic scattering minimum near 11�K and a clear charge ordering at approximately 50�K. The electronic and magnetic properties in hydrated and nonhydrated Na0.41CoO2 samples are similar at higher temperature, but evolve in markedly different ways below ?50??K, where a strong ferromagnetic tendency is observed in the hydrated sample. Model calculations show the relationship of this tendency to the structure of the Fermi surface. The results, particularly the clear differences between the hydrated and nonhydrated material show a substantially enhanced ferromagnetic tendency upon hydration. Implications for superconductivity are discussed.
Guixin Cao; Maxim M. Korshunov; Yuze Gao; Mathieu Le Tacon; David J. Singh; Chengtian Lin
Electronic, structural, phonon dynamical, and CO{sub 2} capture properties of LiMZrO{sub 3} (M=Na, K) by ab initio thermodynamic investigation
The electronic, structural and phonon properties of LiMZrO{sub 3} (M=Na, K) were investigated by the density functional theory and lattice phonon dynamics. Their thermodynamic properties for CO{sub 2} absorption/desorption were analyzed in comparison with the corresponding M{sub 2}ZrO{sub 3}. Two substituted configurations of LiMZrO{sub 3} were created from Li{sub 2}ZrO{sub 3}. Both types of LiNaZrO3 have direct band gaps with values of 3.84 eV and 3.49 eV respectively. While in the case of LiKZrO{sub 3}, one type has an indirect band gap of 3.79 eV between ? and M high symmetric points while another has a direct band gap of 3.12 eV. The phonon dispersions and phonon density of states of LiMZrO{sub 3} were calculated with the direct method. From the calculated thermodynamic properties of LiMZrO{sub 3} reacting with CO{sub 2}, our results showed that by doping Na into Li{sub 2}ZrO{sub 3}, the obtained new solid LiNaZrO{sub 3} has better performance as a CO{sub 2} sorbent applying to post-combustion capture technology. For K doping into Li{sub 2}ZrO{sub 3}, our calculated thermodynamic results showed that the new solid LiKZrO{sub 3} does not gain improvement on its CO{sub 2} capture performance because its regeneration temperature is much higher than Li{sub 2}ZrO{sub 3}.
Duan, Yuhua
Free-Standing Na2/3Fe1/2Mn1/2O2@Graphene Film for a Sodium-Ion Battery Cathode
Free-Standing Na2/3Fe1/2Mn1/2O2@Graphene Film for a Sodium-Ion Battery Cathode ... Graphene is a well-known material endowed with numerous advantages that have led to its extensive use as a conductive additive in Li-ion batteries, including superior electronic conductivity, a large surface area, and excellent mechanical strength. ...
Hongli Zhu; Kang Taek Lee; Gregory Thomas Hitz; Xiaogang Han; Yuanyuan Li; Jiayu Wan; Steven Lacey; Arthur von Wald Cresce; Kang Xu; Eric Wachsman; Liangbing Hu
Enhancing upconversion emissions of NaTm0.02YbxY0.98xF4 nanocrystals through increasing Yb3
Enhancing upconversion emissions of NaTm0.02YbxY0.98�?xF4 nanocrystals through increasing Yb3 þ the enhancement of the 470 nm emissions, which is in good agreement with the experimental data. & 2011 Elsevier B are vital to realize multicolor fluorescence bio-labels [3,4]. Blue UC emissions can also excite several FDA
Cao, Wenwu
Out-of-band exposure characterization with the SEMATECH Berkeley 0.3-NA microfield exposure tool
For the commercialization of extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL), discharge or laser produced, pulsed plasma light sources are being considered. These sources are known to emit into a broad range of wavelengths that are collectively referred to as the out-of-band (OOB) radiation by lithographers. Multilayer EUV optics reflect OOB radiation emitted by the EUV sources onto the wafer plane resulting in unwanted background exposure of the resist (flare) and reduced image contrast. The reflectivity of multilayer optics at the target wavelength of 13.5 nm is comparable to that of their reflectivity in the deep ultraviolet (DUV) and UV regions from 100-350 nm. The aromatic molecular backbones of many of the resists used for EUV are equally absorptive at specific DUV wavelengths as well. In order to study the effect of these wavelengths on imaging performance in a real system, we are in the process of integrating a DUV source into the SEMATECH Berkeley 0.3-NA Microfield Exposure Tool (MET). The MET plays an active role in advanced research in resist and mask development for EUVL and as such, we will utilize this system to systematically evaluate the imaging impact of DUV wavelengths in a EUV system. In this paper, we present the optical design for the new DUV component and the simulation-based imaging results predicting the potential impact of OOB based on known resist, mask, and multilayer conditions. It should be noted that because the projection optics work equally well as imaging optics at DUV wavelengths, the OOB radiation cannot be treated simply as uniform background or DC flare.
George, Simi A.; Nauleau, Patrick; Rekawa, Senajith; Gullikson, Eric; Kemp, Charles D.
Electricity Prices for Households - EIA
Households for Selected Countries1 Households for Selected Countries1 (U.S. Dollars per Kilowatthour) Country 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Argentina NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.023 NA NA Australia 0.091 0.092 0.094 0.098 NA NA NA NA NA Austria 0.144 0.154 0.152 0.163 0.158 0.158 0.178 0.201 NA Barbados NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Belgium NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Bolivia NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Brazil NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.145 0.171 NA Canada 0.067 0.069 0.070 0.071 0.076 0.078 NA NA NA Chile NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.140 0.195 NA China NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Chinese Taipei (Taiwan) 0.075 0.071 0.074 0.076 0.079 0.079 0.080 0.086 NA Colombia NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.111 0.135 NA
Households for Selected Countries1 Households for Selected Countries1 U.S. Dollars per 107 Kilocalories - Gross Calorific Value2 Country 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Argentina NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Austria 368.5 379.3 590.6 686.2 729.6 785.0 936.5 1,024.3 1,060.3 Barbados NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Belgium NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Bolivia NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Brazil NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Canada 294.1 236.2 339.8 361.4 429.6 481.6 487.0 512.7 NA Chile NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Chinese Taipei (Taiwan) 372.5 253.2 278.6 310.3 360.1 385.7 435.7 538.5 NA Colombia NA NA NA NA NA NA 361.2 437.8 NA Croatia 235.5 281.4 332.3 386.2 391.4 400.8 436.7 NA NA Cuba NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Neutron and X-ray diffraction studies on the high temperature phase of Mn{sub 3}(VO{sub 4}){sub 2}, the new isostructural compound NaMn{sub 4}(VO{sub 4}){sub 3} and their mixed crystals Na{sub x}Mn{sub 4.5-x/2}(VO{sub 4}){sub 3} (0{<=}x{<=}1)
This paper presents a detailed structure analysis (combined Rietveld analysis of X-ray and neutron powder diffraction data as well as quantum mechanical calculations) of the high temperature phase of Mn{sub 3}(VO{sub 4}){sub 2} (space group I4 Macron 2d). Special attention is directed to the analysis of the local coordination around Mn{sup 2+} ions or vacancies within a stella quadrangula configuration of anions. Furthermore, the new compound NaMn{sub 4}(VO{sub 4}){sub 3} is described as well as a range of mixed crystals between NaMn{sub 4}(VO{sub 4}){sub 3} and Mn{sub 3}(VO{sub 4}){sub 2} (described by the formula Na{sub x}Mn{sub 4.5-x/2}(VO{sub 4}){sub 3}, 0{<=}x{<=}1) which were synthesized by a solid state route. All compounds were shown to be isostructural to the high temperature phase Mn{sub 3}(VO{sub 4}){sub 2}. - Graphical abstract: The crystal structure of the new compound NaMn{sub 4}(VO{sub 4}){sub 3}. Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer We present neutron and X-ray diffraction studies on high temperature-Mn{sub 3}(VO{sub 4}){sub 2}. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Structural details of partly filled stellae quadrangulae positions are discussed. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Refined structural parameters and theoretical calculations are compared. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer We investigate the mixed crystal system Mn{sub 3}(VO{sub 4}){sub 2}-NaMn{sub 4}(VO{sub 4}){sub 3}.
Clemens, Oliver [Universitaet des Saarlandes, Institut fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Radiochemie, Am Markt, Zeile 5, 66125 Saarbruecken (Germany)] [Universitaet des Saarlandes, Institut fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Radiochemie, Am Markt, Zeile 5, 66125 Saarbruecken (Germany); Haberkorn, Robert [Universitaet des Saarlandes, Anorganische Festkoerperchemie, Am Markt, Zeile 3, 66125 Saarbruecken (Germany)] [Universitaet des Saarlandes, Anorganische Festkoerperchemie, Am Markt, Zeile 3, 66125 Saarbruecken (Germany); Springborg, Michael [Universitaet des Saarlandes, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Campus B2 2, 66123 Saarbruecken (Germany)] [Universitaet des Saarlandes, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Campus B2 2, 66123 Saarbruecken (Germany); Beck, Horst Philipp, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Universitaet des Saarlandes, Institut fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Radiochemie, Am Markt, Zeile 5, 66125 Saarbruecken (Germany)
PII S0016-7037(00)00402-6 Quartz solubility in H2O-NaCl and H2O-CO2 solutions at deep crust-upper mantle
-NaCl solutions was measured at 2, 4.35, 10 and 15 kbar and 500900°C, and at NaCl concentrations up to halite . At very high salinities, approaching halite saturation, the isobars of quartz solubility as a function.5, but begin to curve to lower values at 900°C, where high salinities are attained before halite saturation
Manning, Craig
A triple-resonant RF coil setup for 1H, 23Na and 39K MR imaging of the rat brain at 9.4T M. A. Augath1,2
A triple-resonant RF coil setup for 1H, 23Na and 39K MR imaging of the rat brain at 9.4T M. A. Augath1,2 , P. Heiler1 , S. Kirsch1 , and L. R. Schad1 1 Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Faculty concentrations of 23 Na and 39 K offers a very promising approach in clinical diagnostics. For MR imaging of both
Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Theoretical Study of M(IO3)2� (M = H, Li, Na, K): Structural Evolution, Optical Isomers and Hyperhalogen Behavior
H(IO3)2- and M(IO3)2- (M = Li, Na, K) anions were successfully produced via electrospray ionization of their corresponding bulk salt solutions, and were characterized by combining negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. The photoelectron spectra reveal that all these M(IO3)2- species possess very high vertical detachment energies (VDEs), to be 6.25, 6.57, 6.60 and 6.51 eV for H(IO3)2-, Li(IO3)2-, Na(IO3)2- and K(IO3)2-, respectively, which are much higher than that of IO3- (4.77 eV). The theoretical calculations show that each of these anions has two energetically degenerated optical isomers. It is found that the structure of H(IO3)2- can be written as IO3-(HIO3), in which the H atom is tightly bound to one of the IO3- groups and forms an iodic acid (HIO3) molecule; while the structures of M(IO3)2- can be written as (IO3-)M+(IO3-), in which the alkali metal atoms interact with the two IO3- groups almost equally and bridge the two IO3- groups via two O atoms of each IO3- with the two MOOI planes nearly perpendicular to each other. In addition, the high VDEs of M(IO3)2- (M = Li, Na, K) can be explained by the hyperhalogen behavior of their neutral counterparts.
Hou, Gao-Lei; Wu, Miao Miao; Wen, Hui; Sun, Qiang N.; Wang, Xue B.; Zheng, Weijun
NaLaF{sub 4}:Pr{sup 3+},Yb{sup 3+}, an efficient blue to near infra-red quantum cutter
In order to reduce the thermalization losses in solar cells, down-conversion of blue photons into near infra-red photons is a promising solution. In the present paper, we analyse the energy transfer processes between Pr{sup 3+} and Yb{sup 3+} in NaLaF{sub 4} and we show that an efficient quantum-cutting process occurs. Nevertheless, we also show that a back transfer from Yb{sup 3+} toward the {sup 1}G{sub 4} level of Pr{sup 3+} ion leading to emission beyond 1??m reduces the potentiality of this material as a quantum cutter for Si solar cells.
Guille, A.; Pereira, A.; Moine, B., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Universit� Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5306, Institut Lumi�re Mati�re, Universit� de Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne (France)
Isolation and characterization of BetaM protein encoded by ATP1B4 - a unique member of the Na,K-ATPase {beta}-subunit gene family
Highlights: {yields} Structural properties of BetaM and Na,K-ATPase {beta}-subunits are sharply different. {yields} BetaM protein is concentrated in nuclear membrane of skeletal myocytes. {yields} BetaM does not associate with a Na,K-ATPase {alpha}-subunit in skeletal muscle. {yields} Polypeptide chain of the native BetaM is highly sensitive to endogenous proteases. {yields} BetaM in neonatal muscle is a product of alternative splice mRNA variant B. -- Abstract: ATP1B4 genes represent a rare instance of the orthologous gene co-option that radically changed functions of encoded BetaM proteins during vertebrate evolution. In lower vertebrates, this protein is a {beta}-subunit of Na,K-ATPase located in the cell membrane. In placental mammals, BetaM completely lost its ancestral role and through acquisition of two extended Glu-rich clusters into the N-terminal domain gained entirely new properties as a muscle-specific protein of the inner nuclear membrane possessing the ability to regulate gene expression. Strict temporal regulation of BetaM expression, which is the highest in late fetal and early postnatal myocytes, indicates that it plays an essential role in perinatal development. Here we report the first structural characterization of the native eutherian BetaM protein. It should be noted that, in contrast to structurally related Na,K-ATPase {beta}-subunits, the polypeptide chain of BetaM is highly sensitive to endogenous proteases that greatly complicated its isolation. Nevertheless, using a complex of protease inhibitors, a sample of authentic BetaM was isolated from pig neonatal skeletal muscle by a combination of ion-exchange and lectin-affinity chromatography followed by SDS-PAGE. Results of the analysis of the BetaM tryptic digest using MALDI-TOF and ESI-MS/MS mass spectrometry have demonstrated that native BetaM in neonatal skeletal muscle is a product of alternative splice mRNA variant B and comprised of 351 amino acid residues. Isolated BetaM protein was also characterized by SELDI-TOF mass spectrometry before and after deglycosylation. This allowed us to determine that the carbohydrate moiety of BetaM has molecular mass 5.9 kDa and consists of short high-mannose type N-glycans. The results of direct analysis of the purified native eutherian BetaM protein provide first insights into structural properties underlying its entirely new evolutionarily acquired functions.
Pestov, Nikolay B. [Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, 3000 Arlington Ave., Toledo, OH 43614 (United States) [Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, 3000 Arlington Ave., Toledo, OH 43614 (United States); Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997 (Russian Federation); Zhao, Hao [Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, 3000 Arlington Ave., Toledo, OH 43614 (United States)] [Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, 3000 Arlington Ave., Toledo, OH 43614 (United States); Basrur, Venkatesha [Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (United States)] [Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (United States); Modyanov, Nikolai N., E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, 3000 Arlington Ave., Toledo, OH 43614 (United States)
Measurement of the Zero-Field Hyperfine Structure of a Single Vibration-Rotation Level of Na2 by a Laser-Fluorescence Molecular-Beam-Resonance Technique
By replacing the A and B magnets of the conventional molecular-beam-resonance technique with laser optical-pumping regions, we have developed a method for the observation of hfs in a single molecular-vibration-rotation level of arbitrary J. We obtain for the electric quadrupole and spin-rotation constants of the X?g1+, v??=0, J??=28 level of Na2: eqQ=-463.7�0.9 kHz; |c|=0.17�0.03 kHz. We also report the first observation of a spin-rotation transition.
S. D. Rosner; R. A. Holt; T. D. Gaily
In situ soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy investigation of electrochemical corrosion of copper in aqueous NaHCO3 solution
A novel electrochemical setup has been developed for soft x-ray absorption studies of the electronic structure of electrode materials during electrochemical cycling. In this communication we illustrate the operation of the cell with a study of the corrosion behavior of copper in aqueous NaHCO3 solution via the electrochemically induced changes of its electronic structure. This development opens the way for in situ investigations of electrochemical processes, photovoltaics, batteries, fuel cells, water splitting, corrosion, electrodeposition, and a variety of important biological processes.
Jiang, Peng; Chen, Jeng-Lung; Borondics, Ferenc; Glans, Per-Anders; West, Mark W.; Chang, Ching-Lin; Salmeron, Miquel; Guo, Jinghua
Phase Stability of Post-spinel Compound AMn2O4 (A = Li, Na, or Mg) and Its Application as a Rechargeable Battery Cathode
By changing the concentration of Jahn�Teller active Mn3+, the relative stabilities of post-spinel phases can be easily monitored. ... fluoride-based open framework (hexagonal-tungsten-bronze-type FeF3�0.33H2O) as Li- and Na-storage cathode material, characterized by a topotactically solid-solid phase transformation and particle nanosizing with a 100% conversion yield. ... With a focus on the intercalation mechanism, we compare different strategies proposed in the literature for developing Mg battery cathodes, like the use of (a) nanoscale cathode materials; (b) hybrid intercalation compds. ...
Chen Ling; Fuminori Mizuno
Influence of ultraviolet light irradiation on corrosion behavior of weathering steel with and without TiO2-coating in 3�mass% NaCl solution
In this study the influence of ultraviolet (UV) light on the corrosion behavior of weathering steel with and without TiO2 coating has been investigated in 3% NaCl solution, using anodic polarization, dipping and dropping tests. In polarization tests a large negative shift of corrosion potential appeared for the TiO2-coated specimen in UV light. The weight loss of the steels with and without TiO2 film increased under UV light in the dipping test, while they decreased in the dropping test. The rust formed on the weathering steel showed a semiconductor like behavior, similar to that shown by TiO2 film.
Manal G. Mahmoud; Rongguang Wang; Masahiko Kato; Keijiro Nakasa
X-ray Studies of Regenerated Cellulose Fibers Wet Spun from Cotton Linter Pulp in NaOH/Thiourea Aqueous Solutions
Regenerated cellulose fibers were fabricated by dissolution of cotton linter pulp in NaOH (9.5 wt%) and thiourea (4.5 wt%) aqueous solution followed by wet-spinning and multi-roller drawing. The multi-roller drawing process involved three stages: coagulation (I), coagulation (II) and post-treatment (III). The crystalline structure and morphology of regenerated cellulose fiber was investigated by synchrotron wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) techniques. Results indicated that only the cellulose II crystal structure was found in regenerated cellulose fibers, proving that the cellulose crystals were completely transformed from cellulose I to II structure during spinning from NaOH/thiourea aqueous solution. The crystallinity, orientation and crystal size at each stage were determined from the WAXD analysis. Drawing of cellulose fibers in the coagulation (II) bath (H{sub 2}SO{sub 4}/H{sub 2}O) was found to generate higher orientation and crystallinity than drawing in the post-treatment (III). Although the post-treatment process also increased crystal orientation, it led to a decrease in crystallinity with notable reduction in the anisotropic fraction. Compared with commercial rayon fibers fabricated by the viscose process, the regenerated cellulose fibers exhibited higher crystallinity but lower crystal orientation. SAXS results revealed a clear scattering maximum along the meridian direction in all regenerated cellulose fibers, indicating the formation of lamellar structure during spinning.
Chen,X.; Burger, C.; Fang, D.; Ruan, D.; Zhang, L.; Hsiao, B.; Chu, B.
High temperature degradation of some steels in V{sub 2}O{sub 5} and Na{sub 2}SO{sub 4} salts
The useful life of superheaters and reheaters of power stations which use heavy oil as fuel are shortened and their continuous service is inhibited by corrosion and creep type problems. The increase of corrosion attack of boilers is caused by the presence of fuel ash deposits containing mainly V, Na and S which form low melting point compounds. In this context, the tubes are exposed to the action of high stresses and high temperatures producing the so called ``creep damage.`` In this work, two kinds of results are reported: laboratory and field studies using stainless steels. The laboratory work was also divided into two parts. In the first one, the steel was exposed under the action of natural ash-deposits in oxidant atmospheres at 600 C for 24 hours. In the second one, tensile specimens were creep-tested in Na{sub 2}SO{sub 4}, V{sub 2}O{sub 5} and a mixture at 580--620 C interval.
Martinez-Villafafie, A.; Almeraya-Calderon, M.F.; Gaona-Tiburcio, C. [Centro de Investigaciones en Materials Avanzados, Chihuahua (Mexico); Gonzalez-Rodriguez, J.G. [Univ. Autonoma del Estado de Morelos (Mexico)
Seawater desalination by gas hydrate process and removal characteristics of dissolved ions (Na+, K+, Mg2�+, Ca2�+, B3�+, Cl?, SO42�?)
Abstract In order to evaluate hydrate-based desalination (HBD), experiments with seawater samples were carried out at various conditions (i.e. hydraulic pressure, washing step, and hydrate-forming gas). Before and after the hydrate process, cations (Na+, K+, Mg2�+, Ca2�+, and B3�+) and anions (Cl? and SO42�?) were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and ion chromatography (IC). In a single stage of CO2 hydrate process without any pretreatment, 71%�94% of each cation was removed in the following order: K+�>�Na+�?�Mg2�+�?�Ca2�+�>�B3�+ and 73%�83% of each anion was removed. When the brines on the surface of hydrate pellets were removed, the ion removal efficiency increased above 4%. It was also found that the desalting efficiency depended on the hydrate-forming gas (CO2�>�CH4) and the hydraulic pressure (6�10�MPa) to produce hydrate pellets. In this study, the removal efficiency of cations and anions in a real seawater sample using HBD processes were reported for the first time.
Kyung Chan Kang; Praveen Linga; Kyeong-nam Park; Sang-June Choi; Ju Dong Lee
Basic study for the construction of solar cell using CdS photocatalysts and Na{sub 2}S{sub 4} electrolyte
Photoexcited electrons pathway from thin film consisting of semiconductor particles to electrode was tried to develop by using conducting polymers. PEDOT/PSS and polyaniline was selected as transparent conducting polymer material. In the case of the cell consisted by using polyaniline, it was confirmed that conductive emeraldine salt stated polyaniline converted to non-conductive emeraldine base state because of contact with strong basic Na{sub 2}S{sub 4} electrolyte solution. On the other hand, as regards the cell with PEDOT/PSS, it was expected that positive and negative electrode short-circuited and/or Schottky junction was formed between CdS and PEDOT/PSS. The formation of Schottky junction between CdS and PEDOT/PSS was reduced the kinetic energy of the photoexcited electrons to 5.1eV which was the Fermi level of PEDOT. These electrons could not reduce Na{sub 2}S{sub 4} electrolyte solution since oxidation-reduction potential was 4.1eV. As a result, it considered that photoexcited electrons transfer was restricted, which read the decreasement of mobility of photoexcited electron, while the cell �without� PEDOT/PSS could operate as a solar cell.
Mabuchi, Takashi, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Hayashi, Tsugumi, E-mail: email@example.com; Takahashi, Hideyuki, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Tohji, Kazuyuki, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai (Japan)
Chapter 11 - Systematic Study of the Electronic Properties and Trends in the LiX (X�=�Na, K, Rb, Cs and Fr) Molecules
Abstract Alkali mixed diatomic molecules exhibit significant permanent dipole moment. They constitute a prototype of an ultra-cold quantum gas, which makes them candidates for fundamental quantum processes. This requires knowledge of their accurate electronic properties to guide the ongoing experiments. For this purpose, we have investigated the structure and spectroscopic properties of the first electronic states of 1,3?+, 1,3?, 1,3? symmetries for LiNa, LiK, LiRb, and LiCs molecules. We have used an ab initio approach based on pseudopotential techniques: parameterized l-dependent polarization potentials and full configuration interaction calculations through the CIPCI quantum chemistry package. The spectroscopic constants (Re, De, ?e, ?exe, and Be) of these states are derived and compared with the available theoretical and experimental work. In addition to the potential energy, accurate permanent and transition dipole moments are determined for a wide range of internuclear distances. A systematic study and analysis of the trend of the permanent dipole moments around the equilibrium distance of the ground state of LiX (X�=�Na, K, Rb, Cs and Fr) molecules are done. The results, compared to available theoretical and experimental work, show good agreement.
S. Bellayouni; I. Jendoubi; N. Mabrouk; H. Berriche
Structure and properties of Na{sub x}M{sub 2}SbO{sub 6}�yH{sub 2}O, M=Co(III), Ni(III) honeycomb oxyhydrates
The oxyhydrates Na{sub 0.85}Co{sub 2}SbO{sub 6}�1.7H{sub 2}O and Na{sub 0.95}Ni{sub 2}SbO{sub 6}�1.5H{sub 2}O were prepared by Br{sub 2} oxidation of Na{sub 3}Co{sub 2}SbO{sub 6} and Na{sub 3}Ni{sub 2}SbO{sub 6} and exposure to ambient air. Their composition and structure are characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, elemental analysis and powder X-ray diffraction. Both form monolayer hydrates with metal cations (Co or Ni) near the 3+ oxidation state. In the parent materials, MO{sub 6} octahedra surround SbO{sub 6} units, forming a honeycomb geometry; Rietveld refinement of the hydrate phases indicate that this motif is retained. Magnetic susceptibility plots display paramagnetic behavior and Curie�Weiss fits support the 3+ oxidation state (low spin d{sup 6}s=0 for Co and low spin d{sup 7}s=1/2 for Ni). Close inspection of the Ni hydrate�s susceptibility reveals a feature at 6.2 K and a non-linear magnetization at 2 K with no saturation up to 9 T. Heat capacity measurements show a large amount of excess entropy in the Ni hydrate in the 2�20 K temperature range, while the heat capacity of the Co hydrate can be described by a simple lattice contribution. The Ni hydrate sample is easily dehydrated by heating above 100 �C and forms a new Na-deficient phase, Na{sub 0.95}Ni{sub 2}SbO{sub 6}, which is stable at room temperature. Magnetic susceptibility of this phase is consistent with the Ni atom remaining in the 3+ oxidation state after dehydration. - Graphical abstract: Powder diffraction patterns of Na{sub 3}Ni{sub 2}SbO{sub 6}, Na{sub 0.95}Ni{sub 2}SbO{sub 6}�1.5H{sub 2}O and Na{sub 0.95}Ni{sub 2}SbO{sub 6}. Each pattern has been normalized in intensity. Cartoons depict the change in layer separation with hydration and give the approximate distances between layers and Ni atoms. Highlights: � New oxyhydrate phases with honeycomb lattices are formed. � Curie�Weiss fits indicate Ni{sup 3+} (s=1/2). � Heat capacity shows a large release of entropy for Ni phase, likely due to a complex magneto-structural phase transition.
Roudebush, J.H., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Cava, R.J.
Thermodynamic modeling of neptunium(V) solubility in concentrated Na-CO{sub 3}-HCO{sub 3}-Cl-ClO{sub 4}-H-OH-H{sub 2}O systems
Safety assessments of nuclear waste repositories often require estimation of actinide solubilities as a function of groundwater composition. Although considerable amount of research has been done on the solubility and speciation of actinides, relatively little has been done to unify these data into a model applicable to concentrate brines. Numerous authors report data on the aqueous chemical properties of Np(V) in NaClO{sub 4}, Na{sub 2}CO{sub 3}, and NaCl media, but a consistent thermodynamic model for predicting these properties is not available. To meet this need, a model was developed to describe the solubility of Np(V) in Na-Cl-ClO{sub 4}-CO{sub 3} aqueous systems, based on the Pitzer activity coefficient formalism for concentrated electrolytes. Hydrolysis and/or carbonate complexation are the dominant aqueous reactions with neptunyl in these systems. Literature data for neptunyl extraction and solubility, and solubility data that the authors developed, are used to parameterize an integrated model for Np(V) solubility in the Np(V)-Na-CO{sub 3}-HCO{sub 3}-Cl-ClO{sub 4}-H-OH-H{sub 2}O system. The resulting model is tested against additional solubility data, and compared with Np(V) solubility experiments in complex synthetic brines.
Novak, C.F. [Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM (United States); Roberts, K.E. [Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States)
Synthetic fluid inclusions: VIII. Vapor-saturated halite solubility in part of the system NaCl-CaCl sub 2 -H sub 2 O, with application to fluid inclusions from oceanic hydrothermal systems
Halite solubility along part of the vapor-saturated liquidus in the system NaCl-CaCl{sub 2}-H{sub 2}O has been determined using the synthetic fluid inclusion technique. Data allow the construction of liquidus isotherms for temperatures up to 500{degree}C and bulk compositions containing >60 wt% total salt and as much as 25 wt% CaCl{sub 2}. Combined with previous data for the binary system NaCl-H{sub 2}O and for the ternary system NaCl-CaCl{sub 2}-H{sub 2}O in the low-salinity, low-temperature region, a preliminary ternary phase diagram can be constructed that remains incomplete only in the CaCl{sub 2}-rich region. Results are applied to the interpretation of saline fluid inclusions from quartz veins in oceanic metagabbros, and can be applied to many other natural inclusions containing aqueous solutions with NaCl and CaCl{sub 2} the dominant solutes. Microthermometric measurements at equilibrium of the melting temperature of ice (Tm (ice)) and of the dissolution temperature of halite (Tm (halite)) are sufficient to determine the bulk composition of the NaCl-CaCl{sub 2}-H{sub 2}O fluid.
Vanko, D.A. (Georgia State Univ., Atlanta (USA)); Bodnar, R.J.; Sterner, S.M. (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Univ., Blacksburg (USA))
Fe isotope fractionation during phase separation in the NaCl�H2O system: An experimental study with implications for seafloor hydrothermal vents
Abstract Phase separation has been proposed as a possible mechanism contributing to the Fe isotope composition of hydrothermal fluids at mid-ocean ridges. The uncertainty results largely from the emphasis on field data that can involve competing processes that obscure cause and effect of any one process. To better understand the potential significance of phase separation in the NaCl�Fe�H2O system on Fe isotope fractionation, temperature and pressure of a Fe-bearing NaCl fluid in a titanium flow reactor were carefully adjusted to produce vapor � liquid � halite, while the Fe isotope composition between coexisting phases was monitored. Two different P�T regions were emphasized: (1) 424�420?�C, 35.2�31.5 MPa; and (2) 464�466?�C, 29.8�24.7 MPa. Both regions were chosen to simulate the range of physical conditions that are experienced by hydrothermal fluids at mid-ocean ridges (MORs). Decompression induced phase separation in both P�T regions results in the vapor phase becoming enriched in the heavier isotopes of Fe, as the Fe/Cl ratio decreases. The coexisting NaCl-rich liquid phase remains essentially constant with respect to Fe/Cl ratio and Fe isotope composition. Coinciding with the lowest vapor chlorinity in the vapor�liquid stability field, the Fe/Cl ratio of the vapor abruptly increases, while the Fe isotope fractionation between the vapor and liquid ( 10 3 ln ? ? V / L 56 / 54 ) reached a maximum value of + 0.145 � 0.048 � . Subsequently, Fe isotope fractionation decreased upon transition into the vapor�halite stability field (P�T region 2). We infer that the observed Fe isotope fractionation between vapor � liquid � halite is caused by differences in Fe speciation among coexisting chloride-bearing phases. The experimental study confirms for the first time that measurable Fe isotope variability can result from phase separation in high temperature hydrothermal systems. The species-dependent Fe isotope fractionation reported here is small relative to predicted mineral�mineral and mineral�fluid fractionations, especially if redox effects are involved as might occur during vent fluid�seawater mixing reactions and/or magmatic activity associated with seafloor eruptive episodes.
Drew D. Syverson; Nicholas J. Pester; Paul R. Craddock; William E. Seyfried Jr.
First-principles calculations of the electronic structure and optical properties of K{sub 1-x}Na{sub x}TaO{sub 3} (x=0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1)
The first-principles calculations are performed to investigate the cubic phase composite K{sub 1-x}Na{sub x}TaO{sub 3}(x=0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1), by using density functional theory (DFT) with the full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method. The energy band structures, density of states (DOS), electron density and optical properties are obtained. The results show that Na ion plays an important role in K{sub 1-x}Na{sub x}TaO{sub 3}. With the content of Na ion increasing, the changes of lattice parameters, energy gaps, bond lengths and optical properties of K{sub 1-x}Na{sub x}TaO{sub 3} are regular. Moreover, the dependence of ferroelectric photocatalysis on both optical properties and internal electronic structure are analyzed in detail. It is proposed that the doped materials are promising photocatalytic materials. - Graphical abstract: The density of states (DOS) of K{sub 1-x}Na{sub x}TaO{sub 3} (x=0.5). Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The first-principles calculations are performed, by using DFT with FP-LAPW method. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The changes of internal electronic structure and optical property of doped materials are regular. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The dependence of ferroelectric photocatalysis on optical properties is analyzed. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The dependence of ferroelectric photocatalysis on internal electronic structure is analyzed. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The doped materials are promising photocatalytic materials.
Zhao, Na [Department of Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116 (China) [Department of Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116 (China); College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073 (China); Wang, Yue-Hua, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116 (China)] [Department of Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116 (China); Wang, Qing-Xi; Hu, Wen-Jing [Department of Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116 (China)] [Department of Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116 (China)
Correlation between Charge State of Insulating NaCl Surfaces and Ionic Mobility Induced by Water Adsorption: A Combined Ambient Pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Scanning Force Microscopy Study
In situ ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (APPES) and scanning force microscopy were used to characterize the surface discharge induced by water layers grown on (001) surfaces of sodium chloride single crystals. The APPES studies show that both kinetic energy (KE) and full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the Na 2s and Cl 2p core level peaks, monitored as a function of relative humidity (RH), mimic surface conductivity curves measured using scanning force microscopy. The KE position and FWHM of the core level peaks therefore are directly related to the solvation and diffusion of ions at the NaCl(100) surface upon adsorption of water.
Verdaguer, Albert; Jose Segura, Juan; Fraxedas, Jordi; Bluhm, Hendrik; Salmeron, Miquel
ESS 2012 Peer Review - Synthesis and Stability of NaSICON for Sodium-Based Batteries - Dave Ingersoll & Erik Spoerke, SNL
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An accurate PVT model for geothermal fluids as represented by H{sub 2}O-CO{sub 2}-NaCl mixtures
Estimates for the pressure decline in high TDS geothermal fluids containing dissolved gases are extremely sensitive to the PVT representation of the reservoir fluid. Significant errors in predicted pressures will occur if the geothermal fluid is represented by one or two pseudo components with modified water properties. As a result, we have developed a PVT model to predict the thermodynamic properties of a prototype geothermal fluid as represented by three-component H{sub 2}O-CO{sub 2}-NaCl mixtures. The range of applicability of the model is: Temperatures from 75 to 700+ F, pressures from 14.7 to 5000 psi, carbon dioxide content from 0-5 wt%, and salt concentrations to 30 wt%. The model has been implemented into Unocal's version of a commercially available reservoir simulator and is currently being used to study one of Unocal's high salinity reservoirs located in the Imperial Valley of California.
Andersen, G.; Probst, A.; Murray, L.; Butler, S.
Jupiter as an exoplanet: UV to NIR transmission spectrum reveals hazes, a Na layer and possibly stratospheric H2O-ice clouds
Currently, the analysis of transmission spectra is the most successful technique to probe the chemical composition of exoplanet atmospheres. But the accuracy of these measurements is constrained by observational limitations and the diversity of possible atmospheric compositions. Here we show the UV-VIS-IR transmission spectrum of Jupiter, as if it were a transiting exoplanet, obtained by observing one of its satellites, Ganymede, while passing through Jupiter's shadow i.e., during a solar eclipse from Ganymede. The spectrum shows strong extinction due to the presence of clouds (aerosols) and haze in the atmosphere, and strong absorption features from CH4. More interestingly, the comparison with radiative transfer models reveals a spectral signature, which we attribute here to a Jupiter stratospheric layer of crystalline H2O ice. The atomic transitions of Na are also present. These results are relevant for the modeling and interpretation of giant transiting exoplanets. They also open a new technique to explore...
Monta�es-Rodriguez, P; Palle, E; Lopez-Puertas, M; Garcia-Melendo, E
Observation and explanation of the reversible pressure-induced amorphization of Ca(NO3)2/NaNO3
X-ray and Raman measurements show that crystalline Ca(NO3)2/NaNO3 becomes amorphous above a pressure of 9.4 GPa. Upon release of the pressure, the crystalline state returns. We report reversible pressure-induced amorphization for a substance that can be prepared as a melt-quenched glass at ambient pressure. We suggest a mechanism for the amorphization based on the formation of a noncrystallographic packing of polytetrahedral units. A consideration of several pressure-induced amorphizations indicates that polytetrahedral amorphization mechanisms are appropriate for nondirectionally bonded materials, but are not appropriate for solids where covalent and hydrogen bonding predominates. Polytetrahedral ordering provides a link between amorphous states formed by compression and those formed by more conventional methods at ambient pressure (e.g., melt quenching).
Robert R. Winters; George C. Serghiou; William S. Hammack
A KEY PHYSICAL MECHANISM FOR UNDERSTANDING THE ENIGMATIC LINEAR POLARIZATION OF THE SOLAR Ba II AND Na I D{sub 1} LINES
The linearly polarized spectrum of the solar limb radiation produced by scattering processes is of great diagnostic potential for exploring the magnetism of the solar atmosphere. This spectrum shows an impressive richness of spectral details and enigmatic Q/I signals, whose physical origin must be clearly understood before they can be exploited for diagnostic purposes. The most enduring enigma is represented by the polarization signals observed in the D{sub 1} resonance lines of Na I (5896 A) and Ba II (4934 A), which were expected to be intrinsically unpolarizable. The totality of sodium and 18% of barium have hyperfine structure (HFS), and it has been argued that the only way to produce a scattering polarization signal in such lines is through the presence of a substantial amount of atomic polarization in their lower HFS levels. The strong sensitivity of these long-lived levels to depolarizing mechanisms led to the paradoxical conclusion that the observed D{sub 1}-line polarization is incompatible with the presence in the lower solar chromosphere of inclined magnetic fields sensibly stronger than 0.01 G. Here we show that by properly taking into account the fact that the solar D{sub 1}-line radiation has a non-negligible spectral structure over the short frequency interval spanned by the HFS transitions, it is possible to produce scattering polarization signals in the D{sub 1} lines of Na I and Ba II without the need of ground-level polarization. The resulting linear polarization is not so easily destroyed by elastic collisions and/or magnetic fields.
Belluzzi, Luca; Trujillo Bueno, Javier [Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife (Spain)
Phase relations in the system NaCl-KCl-H/sub 2/O. III. Solubilities of halite in vapor-saturated liquids above 445/sup 0/C and redetermination of phase equilibrium properties in the system NaCl-H/sub 2/O to 1000/sup 0/C and 1500 bars
Halite solubilities along the three-phase curve in the binary system NaCl-H/sub 2/O determined by differential thermal analysis (DTA) experiment can be represented by the discussed equation where 447 less than or equal to T less than or equal to 800/sup 0/C. Even though these halite solubilities are up to approx. 7 wt.% higher than those reported in literature, extrapolated values at temperatures below 447/sup 0/C merge with the literature values. It is considered that the equation adequately describes halite solubilities between 382 and 800/sup 0/C. The newly established solubility data are believed to be more reliable because they are compatible with data obtained by using synthetic fluid inclusions and with the observed DTA signals and also because they were measured in a relatively corrosion-free system. In an earlier publication the authors were puzzled greatly by multiple and rather unreproducible DTA peaks appearing during isobaric cooling at pressures below about 500 bars. These DTA signals apparently suggested that the halite liquidus swung sharply upward in temperature as pressure decreased from about 500 bars to that of the halite-saturated boiling curve. Further analysis of the data and helpful discussions with several individuals have revealed that the behavior is a consequence of the initial separation of the fluid into NaCl-poor gas and NaCl-rich liquid that failed to homogenize in the short time encompassed by the DTA experiments. The present analysis is based on extrapolations of the dP/dT slopes from pressures above 500 bars.
Chou, I.
This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344
This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 LLNL Vulcan TAW Helen Trident Texas Vulcan PW LULI 2000 TITAN Gekko XII FIREX I NIF ARC Quad OMEGA EP PETAL
This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 LLNL States of Matter FI Advanced Concepts Exploration Virtual Lab for Technology ITER NIF Burning Plasma
Melting of albite and dehydration of brucite in H2O�NaCl fluids to 9 kbars and 700�900�C: implications for partial melting and water activities during high pressure metamorphism
?The melting reaction: albite(solid)+ H2O(fluid) =albite-H2O(melt) has been determined in the presence of H2O�NaCl fluids at 5 and 9.2?kbar, and results compared with those obtained in presence of H2O�CO2 fluids....
Kirill I. Shmulovich; C. M. Graham
NREL is a na*onal laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC. A Survey of State-Level Cost and
Energy, LLC. A Survey of State-Level Cost and Benefit Es7mates-funded by EERE's Solar Energy Technologies Office, and the Na*onal Electricity Delivery. Download report: hSp://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14os*/61042.pdf or hSp://emp.lbl.gov/publica*ons/survey-state-level-cost-and-benefit
Synthetic fluid inclusions: XIII. Experimental determination of PVT properties in the system H{sub 2}O + 40 wt% NaCl + 5 mol% CO{sub 2} at elevated temperature and pressure
The location of the liquid + vapor {yields} liquid phase boundary and the P-T slopes of iso-Th lines were determined for a constant composition of 40 {+-} 0.1 wt% NaCl 5 {+-} 0.15 mol% CO{sub 2} (both relative) to H{sub 2}O at high density. Synthetic fluid inclusions with this composition were formed in cold-seal pressure vessels at pressures of 2 and 4 kbar and temperatures between 350{degrees}C and 700{degrees}C. The inclusions were analyzed on a gas-flow heating/cooling stage to determine the temperatures of halite dissolution [Tm{sub (H+L+V{yields}L+V)}] and total homogenization [Th{sub (L+V{yields}L)}]. Addition to 40 wt% NaCl to an aqueous solution containing 5 mol% CO{sub 2} causes a significant shift of the liquid + vapor {yields} liquid boundary towards higher pressures. The slopes of the iso-Th lines decrease from 29.5 bars/{degrees}C for Th{sub (L+V{yields}L)} of 400{degrees}C, to 6.4 bars/{degrees}C for Th{sub (L+V{yields})} = 600{degrees}C. Addition of 5 mol% CO{sub 2} to an aqueous solution containing 40 wt% NaCl results in halite dissolution temperatures that are slightly higher (Tm{sub (H+L+V{yields}L+V)} {approx} 332{degrees}C) than the literature value of 323{degrees}C for the vapor-saturated liquidus of an H{sub 2}O-40 wt% NaCl mixture. Calculated molar volumes for 40 wt% NaCl + 5 mol% CO{sub 2} solutions at 2 and 4 kbar show trends that are similar to those of other compositions in the ternary system H{sub 2}O-CO{sub 2}-NaCl at the same pressures and temperatures. In the P-T range of this study, all excess volumes are negative and lie between the values for the compositions H{sub 2}O-5 mol% CO{sub 2} and H{sub 2}O-40 wt% NaCl. 30 refs., 6 figs., 2 tabs.
Schmidt, C.; Rosso, K.M.; Bodnar, R.J. [Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Univ., Blackburg, VA (United States)] [Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Univ., Blackburg, VA (United States)
Activation of K{sup +} channels and Na{sup +}/K{sup +} ATPase prevents aortic endothelial dysfunction in 7-day lead-treated rats
Seven day exposure to a low concentration of lead acetate increases nitric oxide bioavailability suggesting a putative role of K{sup +} channels affecting vascular reactivity. This could be an adaptive mechanism at the initial stages of toxicity from lead exposure due to oxidative stress. We evaluated whether lead alters the participation of K{sup +} channels and Na{sup +}/K{sup +}-ATPase (NKA) on vascular function. Wistar rats were treated with lead (1st dose 4 ?g/100 g, subsequent doses 0.05 ?g/100 g, im, 7 days) or vehicle. Lead treatment reduced the contractile response of aortic rings to phenylephrine (PHE) without changing the vasodilator response to acetylcholine (ACh) or sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Furthermore, this treatment increased basal O{sub 2}{sup ?} production, and apocynin (0.3 ?M), superoxide dismutase (150 U/mL) and catalase (1000 U/mL) reduced the response to PHE only in the treated group. Lead also increased aortic functional NKA activity evaluated by K{sup +}-induced relaxation curves. Ouabain (100 ?M) plus L-NAME (100 ?M), aminoguanidine (50 ?M) or tetraethylammonium (TEA, 2 mM) reduced the K{sup +}-induced relaxation only in lead-treated rats. When aortic rings were precontracted with KCl (60 mM/L) or preincubated with TEA (2 mM), 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 5 mM), iberiotoxin (IbTX, 30 nM), apamin (0.5 ?M) or charybdotoxin (0.1 ?M), the ACh-induced relaxation was more reduced in the lead-treated rats. Additionally, 4-AP and IbTX reduced the relaxation elicited by SNP more in the lead-treated rats. Results suggest that lead treatment promoted NKA and K{sup +} channels activation and these effects might contribute to the preservation of aortic endothelial function against oxidative stress. -- Highlights: ? Increased free radicals production ? Increased Na{sup +}/K{sup +} ATPase activity ? Promotes activation of the K{sup +} channels and reduced vascular reactivity ? These effects preserve endothelial function against oxidative stress. ? Low concentrations constitute environmental cardiovascular risk factor.
Fiorim, Jonaina, E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES (Brazil)] [Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES (Brazil); Ribeiro J�nior, Rog�rio Faustino, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES (Brazil); Azevedo, Bruna Fernades, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES (Brazil); Sim�es, Maylla Ronacher, E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES (Brazil); Padilha, Alessandra Sim�o, E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES (Brazil); Stefanon, Ivanita, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES (Brazil)] [Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES (Brazil); Alonso, Maria Jesus, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud III, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorc�n (Spain); Salaices, Mercedes, E-mail: email@example.com [Departamento de Farmacolog�a, Universidad Aut�noma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaci�n Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPaz) (Spain)] [Departamento de Farmacolog�a, Universidad Aut�noma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaci�n Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPaz) (Spain); Vassallo, Dalton Valentim, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES (Brazil)
LBNL-4183E-rev1 N NA AT TU UR RA AL L G GA AS S V VA AR RI
4183E-rev1 4183E-rev1 N NA AT TU UR RA AL L G GA AS S V VA AR RI IA AB BI IL LI IT TY Y I IN N C CA AL LI IF FO OR RN NI IA A: : E EN NV VI IR RO ON NM ME EN NT TA AL L I IM MP PA AC CT TS S A AN ND D D DE EV VI IC CE E P PE ER RF FO OR RM MA AN NC CE E E EX XP PE ER RI IM ME EN NT TA AL L E EV VA AL LU UA AT TI IO ON N O OF F I IN NS ST TA AL LL LE ED D C CO OO OK KI IN NG G E EX XH HA AU US ST T F FA AN N P PE ER RF FO OR RM MA AN NC CE E Brett C. Singer, William W. Delp and Michael G. Apte Indoor Environment Department Atmospheric Sciences Department Environmental Energy Technologies Division July 2011 (Revised February 2012) Disclaimer 1 This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. While this document is believed to contain correct information, neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor The Regents of the University of California, nor any of
Laser cooling of the vibrational motion of Na{sub 2} combining the effects of zero-width resonances and exceptional points
We propose various scenarios for molecular vibrational cooling combining the effects of two kinds of resonance states occurring during the photodissociation of Na{sub 2} taken as an illustrative example. Such resonances result from an appropriate sampling of laser parameters (wavelength and intensity): (a) For particular choices of intensity and wavelength, two resonance energies can be brought to complete coalescence, with their positions and widths becoming equal and leading to a so-called exceptional point (EP) in the parameter plane. Advantage can be taken from such points for very selective laser-controlled vibrational transfer strategies. (b) For specific intensities, far beyond the perturbation regime, some resonances can have a zero width (infinite lifetime). They are referred to as a zero-width resonance (ZWR) and may be used for vibrational purification purposes. We show how appropriately shaped, experimentally reachable laser pulses, encircling EPs or inducing ZWRs, may be used for a thorough and comprehensive control aiming at population transfer or purification schemes, which, starting from an initial field-free vibrational distribution, ends up in the ground vibrational level.
Lefebvre, R. [Institut des Sciences Moleculaires d'Orsay, Batiment 350, Universite Paris-Sud (CNRS), F-91405 Orsay (France); U.F.R. de Physique Fondamentale et Appliquee, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75321 Paris (France); Jaouadi, A. [Institut des Sciences Moleculaires d'Orsay, Batiment 350, Universite Paris-Sud (CNRS), F-91405 Orsay (France); Laboratoire Aime Cotton, CNRS, Batiment 505, Universite Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay (France); Dulieu, O. [Laboratoire Aime Cotton, CNRS, Batiment 505, Universite Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay (France); Atabek, O. [Institut des Sciences Moleculaires d'Orsay, Batiment 350, Universite Paris-Sud (CNRS), F-91405 Orsay (France)
Band structures and charge densities of KCl, NaF, and LiF obtained by the intersecting-spheres model
The self-consistent electronic structures of KCl, NaF, and LiF have been calculated by the intersecting-spheres model and the results were compared with band structures calculated by other methods using the approximation of the exchange potential adopted by us. While for KCl close agreement was found between the augmented-plane-wave non-muffin-tin results by De Cicco and the intersecting-spheres-model (ISM) band structure, in the case of LiF differences of even 2.5 eV were found between conduction bands calculated by the ISM and the corresponding levels determined by linear-combination-of-atomic-orbitals (LCAO) methods. This disagreement seems to be imputable to a lack of convergence occurring in the LCAO calculations. The Fourier components of the charge densities (scattering factors) were determined using the Kohn-Sham-G�sp�r form of the exchange potential. The agreement of the calculated scattering factors with experiment is not much worse than that obtained by Hartree-Fock calculations.
S. Antoci and L. Mihich
Etching properties of Na0.5K0.5NbO3 thin films by using inductively coupled CF4/Ar plasma
Abstract The etch process of the Na0.5K0.5NbO3 (NKN) thin film was performed in CF4/Ar plasma. We investigated the etch rate of the NKN thin films and the selectivity of NKN to SiO2 in an inductively coupled plasma. The maximum etch rate of the NKN thin films was 127.3�nm/min in CF4/Ar (=�4:16�sccm) plasma and the selectivity of NKN to SiO2 was 0.31. We analyzed the XPS narrow scan spectra for the reaction on the surface of the NKN thin films. From the XPS data analysis, we were assumed that the byproducts were generated on the surface of the NKN thin films during the etching process, but the physical sputtering process effectively removed the byproducts. We analyzed the morphologies of the surface of the NKN thin films from AFM measurement. The Ar concentration affects the surface morphology greatly.
Young-Hee Joo; Jong-Chang Woo; Chang-Il Kim
NHE10, a novel osteoclast-specific member of the Na{sup +}/H{sup +} exchanger family, regulates osteoclast differentiation and survival
Bone homeostasis is tightly regulated by the balanced actions of osteoblasts (OBs) and osteoclasts (OCs). We previously analyzed the gene expression profile of OC differentiation using a cDNA microarray, and identified a novel osteoclastogenic gene candidate, clone OCL-1-E7 [J. Rho, C.R. Altmann, N.D. Socci, L. Merkov, N. Kim, H. So, O. Lee, M. Takami, A.H. Brivanlou, Y. Choi, Gene expression profiling of osteoclast differentiation by combined suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and cDNA microarray analysis, DNA Cell Biol. 21 (2002) 541-549]. In this study, we have isolated full-length cDNAs corresponding to this clone from mice and humans to determine the functional roles of this gene in osteoclastogenesis. The full-length cDNA of OCL-1-E7 encodes 12 membrane-spanning domains that are typical of isoforms of the Na{sup +}/H{sup +} exchangers (NHEs), indicating that this clone is a novel member of the NHE family (hereafter referred to as NHE10). Here, we show that NHE10 is highly expressed in OCs in response to receptor activator of nuclear factor-{kappa}B ligand signaling and is required for OC differentiation and survival.
Lee, Seoung Hoon; Kim, Taesoo [Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 (United States); Park, Eui-Soon; Yang, Sujeong [Department of Microbiology, RCTCP, and BK21 BioBC, Chungnam National University, 220 Gungdong, Yuseonggu, Daejon 305-764 (Korea, Republic of); Jeong, Daewon [Department of Microbiology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, 317-1 Daemyungdong, Namgu, Daegu 705-717 (Korea, Republic of); Choi, Yongwon [Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 (United States); Rho, Jaerang [Department of Microbiology, RCTCP, and BK21 BioBC, Chungnam National University, 220 Gungdong, Yuseonggu, Daejon 305-764 (Korea, Republic of)], E-mail: email@example.com
The Physical Origin of the Scattering Polarization of the Na I D-Lines in the Presence of Weak Magnetic Fields
We demonstrate that the atomic alignment of the hyperfine-structure components of the ground level S$_{1/2}$ of Na {\\sc i} and of the upper level P$_{1/2}$ of the D$_1$ line are practically negligible for magnetic strengths $B>10 \\rm G$, and virtually zero for $B\\ga 100 \\rm G$. This occurs independently of the magnetic-field inclination on the stellar surface (also, in particular, for vertical fields). Consequently, the characteristic antisymmetric linear-polarization signature of the scattered light in the D$_1$ line is practically suppressed in the presence of magnetic fields larger than 10 G, regardless of their inclination. Remarkably, we find that the scattering polarization amplitude of the D$_2$ line increases steadily with the magnetic strength, for vertical fields above 10 G, while the contribution of alignment to the polarization of the D$_1$ line rapidly decreases. Therefore, we suggest that spectropolarimetric observations of the ``quiet'' solar chromosphere showing significant linear polarization peaks in both D$_1$ and D$_2$ cannot be interpreted in terms of one-component magnetic field models, implying that the magnetic structuring of the solar chromosphere could be substantially more complex than previously thought.
Javier Trujillo-Bueno; Roberto Casini; Marco Landolfi; Egidio Landi Degl'Innocenti
The corrosion performance of die-cast magnesium alloy MRI230D in 3.5% NaCl solution saturated with Mg(OH){sub 2}
The environmental behavior of die-cast magnesium alloy MRI230D designated for high-temperature applications was evaluated in comparison with regular AZ91D alloy. The microstructure examination was carried out using SEM, TEM, and X-ray diffraction analysis; the corrosion performance in 3.5% NaCl solution was evaluated by immersion test, salt spray testing, potentiodynamic polarization analysis, and stress corrosion behavior by Slow Strain Rate Testing (SSRT). Although the general corrosion resistance of MRI230D was slightly improved compared to that of AZ91D alloy its stress corrosion resistance was relatively reduced. The variations in the environmental behavior of the two alloys were mainly due to the differences in their chemical composition and microstructure after die casting. In particular, the differences were related to the reduced Al content in MRI230D and the addition of Ca to this alloy, which consequently affected its relative microstructure and electrochemical characteristics. - Research Highlights: {yields}Corrosion and SCC resistance of a new Mg alloy MRI230D was evaluated vs. regular AZ91D. {yields}MRI230D has a minor advantage in corrosion performance compared with AZ91D. {yields}The SCC resistance of MRI230D by SSRT analysis was relatively reduced. {yields}The reduced SCC resistance of MRI230D was due to the detrimental effect of Ca on ductility.
Aghion, E., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Lulu, N.
Molecular dynamics simulations of the electrical double layer on smectite surfaces contacting concentrated mixed electrolyte (NaCl-CaCl2)
We report new molecular dynamics results elucidating the structure of the electrical double layer (EDL) on smectite surfaces contacting mixed NaCl-CaCl{sup 2} electrolyte solutions in the range of concentrations relevant to pore waters in geologic repositories for CO{sub 2} or high-level radioactive waste (0.34-1.83 mol{sub c} dm{sup -3}). Our results confirm the existence of three distinct ion adsorption planes (0-, {beta}-, and d-planes), often assumed in EDL models, but with two important qualifications: (1) the location of the {beta}- and d-planes are independent of ionic strength or ion type and (2) 'indifferent electrolyte' ions can occupy all three planes. Charge inversion occurred in the diffuse ion swarm because of the affinity of the clay surface for CaCl{sup +} ion pairs. Therefore, at concentrations 0.34 mol{sub c} dm{sup -3}, properties arising from long-range electrostatics at interfaces (electrophoresis, electro-osmosis, co-ion exclusion, colloidal aggregation) will not be correctly predicted by most EDL models. Co-ion exclusion, typically neglected by surface speciation models, balanced a large part of the clay mineral structural charge in the more concentrated solutions. Water molecules and ions diffused relatively rapidly even in the first statistical water monolayer, contradicting reports of rigid 'ice-like' structures for water on clay mineral surfaces.
Bourg, I.C.; Sposito, G.
Electrochemical and XPS studies and the potential scan rate dependent pitting corrosion behavior of Zircaloy-2 in 5% NaCl solution
Electrochemical studies of Zircaloy-2 in 5% NaCl solution were carried out using polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Scan rate dependent pitting behavior of Zircaloy-2 was observed when polarization experiments were carried out at different scan rates (5�mV/min, 50�mV/min and 500�mV/min). Polarization resistance, double layer capacitance, and the thickness of passive film were calculated from the EIS study. The slope of the Bode plot in the capacitive region showed non-ideal behaviour, suggesting formation of pits. A distribution of chloride concentration was seen at the surface of the electrode when the test solution was sampled from different parts of the sample surface and analyzed for chloride. Inclusion of chloride ions in the passive film was observed from the XPS study and the chloride concentration increases with the higher anodic polarization. The outermost layer of the passive film was rich in hydroxide and oxy-hydroxide. A bi-layer passive film structure on the alloy surface is proposed.
A.K. Satpati; S.V. Phadnis; R.I. Sundaresan
Pressure-composition relations for coexisting gases and liquids and the critical points in the system NaCl-H/sub 2/O at 450, 475, and 500/sup 0/Ccks
Pressure-temperature-composition (P, T, x) relations for the co-existing vapor and liquid phases in the system NaCl-H/sub 2/O were determined experimentally at 450, 475, and 500/sup 0/C. Data for each isotherm include P-x relations near the critical point and extend to the three-phase assemblage vapor-liquid-halite on the vapor side. On the liquid side the P-x data range from the critical point to the room-temperature halite saturation point (approx. 25 wt.% NaCl). Critical pressures were calculated from measured pressures and compositions and classical theory. The results generally support the few data points of Urusova and Oelander and Liander but differ markedly from the extensive data of Sourirajan and Kennedy.
Rosenbauer, R.J.; Bischoff, J.L.
Differential state-dependent modification of rat Na{sub v}1.6 sodium channels expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells by the pyrethroid insecticides tefluthrin and deltamethrin
We expressed rat Na{sub v}1.6 sodium channels in combination with the rat {beta}1 and {beta}2 auxiliary subunits in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells and evaluated the effects of the pyrethroid insecticides tefluthrin and deltamethrin on expressed sodium currents using the whole-cell patch clamp technique. Both pyrethroids produced concentration-dependent, resting modification of Na{sub v}1.6 channels, prolonging the kinetics of channel inactivation and deactivation to produce persistent 'late' currents during depolarization and tail currents following repolarization. Both pyrethroids also produced concentration dependent hyperpolarizing shifts in the voltage dependence of channel activation and steady-state inactivation. Maximal shifts in activation, determined from the voltage dependence of the pyrethroid-induced late and tail currents, were {approx} 25 mV for tefluthrin and {approx} 20 mV for deltamethrin. The highest attainable concentrations of these compounds also caused shifts of {approx} 5-10 mV in the voltage dependence of steady-state inactivation. In addition to their effects on the voltage dependence of inactivation, both compounds caused concentration-dependent increases in the fraction of sodium current that was resistant to inactivation following strong depolarizing prepulses. We assessed the use-dependent effects of tefluthrin and deltamethrin on Na{sub v}1.6 channels by determining the effect of trains of 1 to 100 5-ms depolarizing prepulses at frequencies of 20 or 66.7 Hz on the extent of channel modification. Repetitive depolarization at either frequency increased modification by deltamethrin by {approx} 2.3-fold but had no effect on modification by tefluthrin. Tefluthrin and deltamethrin were equally potent as modifiers of Na{sub v}1.6 channels in HEK293 cells using the conditions producing maximal modification as the basis for comparison. These findings show that the actions of tefluthrin and deltamethrin of Na{sub v}1.6 channels in HEK293 cells differ from the effects of these compounds on Na{sub v}1.6 channels in Xenopus oocytes and more closely reflect the actions of pyrethroids on channels in their native neuronal environment. -- Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer We expressed rat Na{sub v}1.6 voltage-gated sodium channels in HEK293 cells. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Tefluthrin and deltamethrin caused resting modification of Na{sub v}1.6 channels. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Only deltamethrin exhibited use-dependent enhancement of modification. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer State-dependent effects of pyrethroids are influenced by the cellular context. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Channels in HEK293 cells exhibit properties similar to native neuronal channels.
He, Bingjun [College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071 (China)] [College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071 (China); Soderlund, David M., E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Entomology, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY 14456 (United States)
Uniaxial pressure effect on structural and magnetic phase transitions in NaFeAs and its comparison with as-grown and annealed BaFe2As2
We use neutron scattering to study the effect of uniaxial pressure on the tetragonal-toorthorhombic structural (Ts) and paramagnetic-to-antiferromagnetic (TN) phase transitions in NaFeAs and compare the outcome with similar measurements on as-grown and annealed BaFe2As2. In previous work on as-grown BaFe2As2, uniaxial pressure necessary to detwin the sample was found to induce a significant increase in zero pressure TN and Ts. However, we find that similar uniaxial pressure used to detwin NaFeAs and annealed BaFe2As2 has a very small effect on their TN and Ts. Since transport measurements on these samples still reveal resistivity anisotropy above TN and Ts, we conclude that such anisotropy cannot be due to uniaxial strain induced TN and Ts shifts, but must arise from intrinsic electronic anisotropy in these materials.
Song, Yu [ORNL; Carr, Scott Victor [ORNL; Lu, Xingye [University of Tennessee (UT); Zhang, Chenglin [ORNL; Luttrell, N.F. [University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK); Zhao, Yang [National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); Lynn, J. W. [National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); Dai, Pengcheng [ORNL; Sims, Zachary [University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK); Chi, Songxue [ORNL
Enhanced Luminescence of NaY0.6�xCe0.1Gd0.3EuxF4 Nanorods by Energy Transfers between Ce3+, Gd3+, and Eu3+
Enhanced Luminescence of NaY0.6�xCe0.1Gd0.3EuxF4 Nanorods by Energy Transfers between Ce3+, Gd3+, and Eu3+ ... On the whole, the introduction of an elevated amount of Eu3+ dopants in the host lattice would decrease the Ce���Eu interatomic distance and thus shorten the average traveling distance for the excitation energies. ...
Bing Chen; Xvsheng Qiao; Dengfeng Peng; Xianping Fan
Ternary mutual diffusion coefficients of NaCl-SrCl/sub 2/-H/sub 2/O at 25/degrees/C. 2. Total concentrations of 2. 0 and 3. 0 mol/times/dm/sup /minus/3/
Mutual diffusion coefficients were measured for aqueous NaCl-SrCl/sub 2/ mixtures at 25/degrees/C by using free-diffusion Rayleigh interferometry. These mixtures were total molarities of 2.0 and 3.0 mol/times/dm/sup /minus/3/ with molarity fractions of 2/3, 1/2, and 1/3, the results complement the authors earlier data at 0.5 and 1.0 mol/times/dm/sup /minus/3/. At a constant molarity ratio, the NaCl main-term coefficient decreases regularly by 19-36% with increasing concentration, in contrast, the SrCl/sub 2/ main-term coefficient is relatively constant, with 18% or less variation with concentration. The SrCl/sub 2/ cross-term coefficient is 7-23% of its corresponding main-term coefficient, whereas the NaCl cross-term coefficient varies from 8% to 73% of its corresponding main-term coefficient. Clearly, coupled diffusion is very important for these systems. Various estimation procedures were considered, including variations using the Nernst-Hartley equations and estimates from the corresponding binary solutions. None of these methods, for which sufficient auxiliary data are available, gave reliable estimates of diffusion coefficients for mixtures. At a total molarity of 3.0 mol/times/dm/sup /minus/3/ and molarity fractions of 1/2 and 1/3 NaCl, experiments with the SrCl/sub 2/ ..delta..c approx. 0 are convectively unstable with regard to fingering at the center of the boundary. Density data were also measured for the above systems.
Rard, J.A.; Miller, D.G.
Charge Compensation in RE3+ (RE = Eu, Gd) and M+ (M = Li, Na, K) Co-Doped Alkaline Earth Nanofluorides Obtained by Microwave Reaction with Reactive Ionic Liquids Leading to Improved Optical Properties
Alkaline earth fluorides are extraordinarily promising host matrices for phosphor materials with regard to rare earth doping. In particular, quantum cutting materials, which might considerably enhance the efficiency of mercury-free fluorescent lamps or SC solar cells, are often based on rare earth containing crystalline fluorides such as NaGdF4, GdF3 or LaF3. Substituting most of the precious rare earth ions and simultaneously retaining the efficiency of the phosphor is a major goal. Alkaline earth fluoride nanoparticles doped with trivalent lanthanide ions (which are required for the quantum cutting phenomenon) were prepared via a microwave assisted method in ionic liquids. As doping trivalent ions into a host with divalent cations requires charge compensation, this effect was thoroughly studied by powder X-ray and electron diffraction, luminescence spectroscopy and 23Na, 139La and 19F solid state NMR spectroscopy. Monovalent alkali ions were codoped with the trivalent lanthanide ions to relieve stress and achieve a better crystallinity and higher quantum cutting abilities of the prepared material. 19F-magic angle spinning (MAS)-NMR-spectra, assisted by 19F{23Na} rotational echo double resonance (REDOR) studies, reveal distinct local fluoride environments, the populations of which are discussed in relation to spatial distribution and clustering models. In the co-doped samples, fluoride species having both Na+ and La3+ ions within their coordination sphere can be identified and quantified. This interplay of mono- and trivalent ions in the CaF2 lattice appears to be an efficient charge compensation mechanism that allows for improved performance characteristics of such co-doped phosphor materials.
Lorbeer, C [Ruhr-Universitat Bochum; Behrends, F [Westfalische Wilhelsm-Universitat Munster; Cybinska, J [Ruhr Universitat Bochum; Eckert, H [Westfalische Wilhelsm-Universitat Munster; Mudring, Anja -V [Ames Laboratory
Perturbation-theoretical-model calculation of the lattice mechanics of the NaF and RbF crystals in the Watson potential approximation
A simplified version of the perturbation-theoretical-model approach to ionic solids developed by Basu and Sengupta has been employed for calculating the different lattice-mechanical properties of the two low-polarizability ionic crystals. Although this is not a microscopic calculation, the interesting feature of the method is that the only input data necessary for predicting the crystal properties are the Hartree-Fock wave functions of the constituent ions. In addition, the present investigation for the first time makes an attempt to study the effect of the alteration of the free-ion wave functions, when the ions are put in a crystal, on the lattice-dynamical properties. The effect of the crystal environment is thought to be simulated by the Watson potential. The calculated properties with and without the potential give a rough estimate of the order of magnitude of this effect. It is found that certain properties, namely, the dielectric properties and some phonons in the symmetry directions that depend on the excited states of the crystal, are rather sensitive to this effect which varies from crystal to crystal. Apart from this, a unified treatment of the cohesion, the phase transition, and the elastic, the dielectric, and the vibrational properties of the NaF and RbF crystals is presented without any adjustable free parameter. In view of the simplicity of the approach, the overall agreement obtained is satisfactory. Finally the reliability and the limitations of the present method of estimating the effect of the surroundings are critically discussed.
D. Bose; A. Ghosh; A. N. Basu
Document: NA Actionee: Dorothy Riehie
AMIB PRO AMISE SED AMMIS 0CC AMMIS SES OCE Riehle, Dorothy (Actionee) AMIMS ISI ORP AMMS PlC PNSO AMMS SSD RLCI Comments: Original to D. Riehle. Records Schedule Information:...
input document SS-21 seamless safety for the 21 st century STA senior technical advisor STD Standard TA technical advisor TSR technical safety requirement USQ unreviewed...
Dopaminergic Modulation of Na+ Currents
Dopamine is a neurotransmitter found all over the brain. The activation of dopamine receptors correlates to many behavioral changes. The effects of dopamine�...
) BEVERAGES: (Limit 3) Coffee/D. Coffee (5 MG) Ice Water (0 MG) Sugar-Free Hot Cocoa 85 MG) Tea/Decaf Tea/Herbal Tea (5 MG) Milk: Skim, 1%, Lactaid (70 MG IN 4 OZ., 130 MG IN 8 OZ.) Soymilk(145 MG) Juice: Apple(9 MG EACH) Baked Potato Chips (170 MG) ACCOMPANIMENTS: (Limit 1 Starch 1 Veg) Green Beans(6 MG) Broccoli
Oliver, Douglas L.
Size Effect on Nuclear Gamma-Ray Energy Spectra Acquired by Different Sized CeBr3, LaBr3:Ce, and NaI:Tl Gamma-Ray Detectors
Gamma-ray energy spectra were acquired for different sizes of cerium tribromide (CeBr3), cerium-doped lanthanum tribromide (LaBr3:Ce), and thallium-doped sodium iodide (NaI:Tl) detectors. A comparison was conducted of the energy resolution and detection efficiency of these scintillator detectors for different sizes of detectors. The results of this study are consistent with the observation that for each size detector, LaBr3:Ce offers better resolution than either a CeBr3 or NaI:Tl detector of the same size. In addition, CeBr3 and LaBr3:Ce detectors could resolve some closely spaced peaks in the spectra of several radioisotopes that NaI:Tl could not. As the detector size increased, all three detector materials exhibited higher efficiency, albeit with slightly reduced resolution. Significantly, the very low intrinsic activity of CeBr3 is also demonstrated in this study, which, when combined with energy resolution characteristics for a range of detector sizes, could lead to an improved ability to detect special nuclear materials compared to the other detectors.
Guss, Paul [NSTec; Reed, Michael [NSTec; Yuan, Ding [NSTec; Beller, Denis [UNLV; Cutler, Matthew [UNLV; Contreras, Chris [UNLV; Mukhopadhyay, Sanjoy [NSTec; Wilde, Scott UNLV
U.S. Crude Oil Rotary Rigs in Operation (Number of Elements)
Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 1973 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1974 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1975 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1976...
U.S. Natural Gas Rotary Rigs in Operation (Number of Elements...
Origin of giant permittivity and high-temperature dielectric anomaly behavior in Na{sub 0.5}Y{sub 0.5}Cu{sub 3}Ti{sub 4}O{sub 12} ceramics
Na{sub 0.5}Y{sub 0.5}Cu{sub 3}Ti{sub 4}O{sub 12} ceramics prepared by the conventional solid-state reaction method under various sintering conditions were found to exhibit a giant dielectric constant over 10 000 around room temperature. Two electrical responses were observed in the combined modulus and impedance plots, indicating the presence of Maxwell-Wagner relaxation. The contributions of semiconducting grains and insulating grain boundaries (corresponding to high-frequency and low-frequency electrical response, respectively) played important roles in the dielectric properties of Na{sub 0.5}Y{sub 0.5}Cu{sub 3}Ti{sub 4}O{sub 12} ceramics. The correlations between grain boundaries resistance and low frequency dielectric loss, grains resistance and the position of dielectric loss peak were addressed. Mixed-valent structures of Cu{sup 2+}/Cu{sup 3+} and Ti{sup 3+}/Ti{sup 4+} had been determined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Electron hopping between Cu{sup 2+} and Cu{sup 3+} and electron transport in Ti{sup 3+}-O-Ti{sup 4+} paths were proposed as the origin of the semiconducting nature of Na{sub 0.5}Y{sub 0.5}Cu{sub 3}Ti{sub 4}O{sub 12} ceramics. In particular, high-temperature dielectric anomaly behavior was investigated in detail. A dielectric peak exhibiting relaxor-like behavior was observed around 200 Degree-Sign C, which was linked with the formation of oxygen vacancies. Based on the electric modulus results, this behavior was explored in the light of the defect formation and explained in terms of a competition process depending on the combinational contribution to polarization between n- and p-type carriers rather than a relaxation process.
Liang, Pengfei; Li, Yanyan; Wei, Lingling; Yang, Zupei [Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi (China)] [Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi (China); Zhao, Yuqing [Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University (Hong Kong)] [Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University (Hong Kong)
Determination of the solubility of Np(IV), Pu(III) - (VI),Am(III) - (VI), and Te(IV), (V) hydroxo compounds in 0.5 - 14 M NaOH solutions
The solubilities of Am(III), Np(IV), Pu(IV), Tc(IV), Np(V), Pu(V), Am(V), and Tc(V) hydroxo compounds were studied in 0.5 to 14 M NaOH solutions at 25{+-}2 {degrees}C. The effects of fluoride, phosphate, carbonate, oxalate, and some other organic complexing agents on the solubilities of Np(IV), Pu(IV), and TC(IV) hydroxides were investigated at 1.0 and 4.0 M NAOH. Some predictions were made on the dissolved (I.V) and (V) species present in alkali solutions.
Delegard, C.H.
Decay Properties of {sup 266}Bh and {sup 262}Db Produced in the {sup 248}Cm+{sup 23}Na Reaction - Further Confirmation of the {sup 278}113 Decay Chain
Decay properties of an isotope {sup 266}Bh and its daughter nucleus {sup 262}Db produced by the {sup 248}Cm({sup 23}Na,5n) reaction were studied by using a gas-filled recoil separator coupled with a position-sensitive semiconductor detector. {sup 266}Bh was clearly identified from the correlation of the known nuclide, {sup 262}Db. The obtained decay properties of {sup 266}Bh and {sup 262}Db are consistent with those observed in the {sup 278}113 chain by RIKEN collaboration, which provided further confirmation of the discovery of {sup 278}113.
Morita, K.; Morimoto, K.; Kaji, D.; Haba, H.; Ozeki, K.; Kudou, Y.; Yoneda, A.; Ichikawa, T.; Katori, K.; Yoshida, A. [RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198 (Japan); Sato, N. [RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198 (Japan); Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578 (Japan); Sumita, T. [RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198 (Japan); Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510 (Japan); Fujimori, Y.; Tokanai, F. [Department of Physics, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-8560 (Japan); Goto, S. [Center for Instrumental Analysis, Niigata University, Ikarashi, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181 (Japan); Ideguchi, E. [Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Wako, Saitama 351-0198 (Japan); Kasamatsu, Y.; Koura, H.; Tsukada, K. [Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195 (Japan); Komori, Y. [Department of Chemistry, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043 (Japan)
Ternary mutual diffusion coefficients of NaCl-SrCl/sub 2/-H/sub 2/O at 25/sup 0/C. 1. Total concentrations of 0. 5 and 1. 0 mol. dm/sup -3/
Mutual diffusion coefficients have been measured for aqueous NaCl-SrCl/sub 2/ mixtures at 25/sup 0/C by using free-diffusion Rayleigh interferometry. These diffusion experiments were done at total molarities of 0.5 and 1.0 mol x dm/sup -3/ and with molarity fractions of 1/3, 1/2, and 2/3. Main-term diffusion coefficients for NaCl and SrCl/sub 2/ show a 10-15% variation with concentration and composition. Coupled diffusion is important for these systems, with cross-term diffusion coefficients being 6.5-36% as large as their corresponding main terms. At a constant molarity ratio, doubling the concentration causes cross-term diffusion coefficients to increase. Attempts to estimate the ternary solution diffusion coefficients from those of their corresponding binary solutions or from the ternary solution analogues of the Nernst-Hartley equation do not yield particularly accurate results.
U.S. Natural Gas Citygate Price (Dollars per Thousand Cubic Feet)
Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 1973 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1974 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1975 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1976 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1977 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1978 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1979 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1980 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1981 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1982 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1983 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.97 3.91 3.88 1984 3.94 4.02 3.91 3.96 3.98 4.02 4.06 3.69 4.02 3.99 3.92 3.97 1985 3.89 3.94 3.97 3.91 3.89 3.86 3.69 3.70 3.68 3.59 3.46 3.45
Precision measurements of binary and multicomponent diffusion coefficients in protein solutions relevant to crystal growth: Lysozyme chloride in water and aqueous NaCl at pH 4.5 and 25{degree}C
Accurate models of protein diffusion are important in a number of applications, including liquid-liquid phase separation and growth of protein crystals for X-ray diffraction studies. In concentrated multicomponent protein systems, significant deviations from pseudobinary behavior can be expected. Rayleigh interferometry is used to measure the four elements (D{sub if}){sub v} of the ternary diffusion coefficient matrix for the extensively investigated protein, hen egg-white lysozyme (component 1) in aqueous NaCl (component 2) at pH 4.5 and 25 C. These are the first multicomponent diffusion coefficients measured for any protein system at concentrations high enough to be relevant to modeling and prediction of crystal growth or other phase transitions, and the first for a system involving lysozyme at any concentration. The four ternary diffusion coefficients for the system lysozyme chloride/NaCl/water are reported for lysozyme chloride at 0.60 mM (8.6 mg/mL) and NaCl at concentrations of 0.25, 0.50, 0.65, 0.90, and 1.30 M (1.4, 2.8, 3.7, 5.1, and 7.2 wt %), with the latter two compositions being supersaturated. One cross-term, (D{sub 21}){sub v}, is 80--259 times larger than the main term (D{sub 11}){sub v} and 7--18 times larger than (D{sub 22}){sub v}. Standard interferometric diagnostic tests indicate that aggregation is unimportant in the experiments. The authors also present binary diffusion coefficients D{sub v} for lysozyme chloride/water at concentrations from 0.43 to 3.08 mM (6.2--44.1 mg/mL), at the same pH and temperature. The precision of the results is about 0.1% for the binary diffusion coefficients and diagonal ternary diffusion coefficients, and about 1--2% for the cross-terms. For the ternary systems investigated, they show that a single pseudobinary diffusion coefficient does not accurately describe diffusive transport, and predictions by simple models such as the Nernst-Hartley equations are inaccurate at the higher concentrations considered here. Finally, dynamic light-scattering diffusion coefficients, differing form both the interferometrically measured (D{sub ij}){sub v} and a theoretical prediction of light-scattering diffusion coefficients in multicomponent systems, are reported for the same solutions used for the ternary experiments at 1.30 M.
Albright, J.G.; Annunziata, O. [Texas Christian Univ., Fort Worth, TX (United States). Chemistry Dept.] [Texas Christian Univ., Fort Worth, TX (United States). Chemistry Dept.; Miller, D.G. [Texas Christian Univ., Fort Worth, TX (United States). Chemistry Dept.] [Texas Christian Univ., Fort Worth, TX (United States). Chemistry Dept.; [Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (United States); Paduano, L. [Texas Christian Univ., Fort Worth, TX (United States). Chemistry Dept.] [Texas Christian Univ., Fort Worth, TX (United States). Chemistry Dept.; [Univ. di Napoli, Naples (Italy). Dipt. di Chimica; Pearlstein, A.J. [Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL (United States). Dept. of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering] [Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL (United States). Dept. of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
Dispatch from Brazil
Works Dispatch from Brazil Rex P. Nielson, Introduction and2013 fair chose to focus on Brazil in its opening ceremonypolitical dignitaries, namely, Brazil�s Minister of Culture,
Nielson, Rex P
Industry for Selected Countries1 Industry for Selected Countries1 U.S. Dollars per 107 Kilocalories - Gross Calorific Value2 Country 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Australia NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Austria NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Belgium C C C C C C NA 559.8 417.4 354.9 Brazil NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Bulgaria NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 381.2 396.6 381.7 Canada 108.8 125.3 210.1 223.7 291.1 272.0 216.1 352.3 172.6 160.1 Chile NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Chinese Taipei (Taiwan) 288.5 271.6 302.1 336.9 387.4 413.8 475.6 648.5 525.6 600.9 Croatia 235.5 281.4 330.6 386.2 391.4 400.8 436.7 388.7 420.0 520.4 Czech Republic 155.9 173.6 203.5 217.4 292.5 402.3 391.7 614.1 528.0 530.5
Crystallization of tungstenbronze-type Ba{sub 2}NaNb{sub 5}O{sub 15} in high-Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5}-content glass: An inelastic light scattering study
In situ observations of phonon Raman and Boson scattering were performed in high-Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5}-content barium-sodium aluminophosphate glass, which crystallizes tungstenbronze-type Ba{sub 2}NaNb{sub 5}O{sub 15} (BNN), during heating and subsequent cooling processes in order to examine the BNN crystallization dynamics and phase transitions. It is suggested that NbO{sub 6} clusters/cohesive regions are present and are subjected to stress by the surrounding aluminophosphate network prior to crystallization of the BNN phase. Furthermore, in the cooling period, a successive phase transition (4/mmm{yields}4mm{yields}mm2) of the BNN phase was observed in the glass-ceramics, implying the possibility of producing functional glass-ceramics with ferroelastic properties.
Takahashi, Yoshihiro; Fujie, Nobuhiro; Ihara, Rie; Fujiwara, Takumi [Department of Applied Physics, Tohoku University, 6-6-05 Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579 (Japan); Osada, Minoru [International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044 (Japan); Masai, Hirokazu [Division of Materials Chemistry, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011 (Japan)
The electronic properties and lattice dynamics of (Na{sub 0.5}Bi{sub 0.5})TiO{sub 3}: From cubic to tetragonal and rhombohedral phases
The structural, electronic and dynamical properties of the cubic, tetragonal and rhombohedral phases of a lead-free ferroelectrics, (Na{sub 0.5}Bi{sub 0.5})TiO{sub 3} (NBT), have been studied with a density functional formalism. The direct band gap is determined to be 2?3?eV for three phases, suggesting them to be good optical material. The equilibrium structures were given, and the importance of Bi atom in the low-symmetry ferroelectric phases were investigated with the electron localization functions analysis. The vibration modes at the ? point were calculated to provide a basis for analyzing the Raman and IR spectra. Soft modes were found in both the cubic and the tetragonal phases, providing a clue in understanding the ferroelectric phase transition in NBT.
L�, Hongfeng [Department of Applied Physics, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083 (China); Wang, Shanying [Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 (China); Wang, Xiaosu, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Applied Physics, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083 (China); Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 (China)
Determination of crystallographic orientation of lead-free piezoelectric (K,Na)NbO{sub 3} epitaxial thin films grown on SrTiO{sub 3} (100) surfaces
Crystallographic structure of sol-gel-processed lead-free (K,Na)NbO{sub 3} (KNN) epitaxial films on [100]-cut SrTiO{sub 3} single-crystalline substrates was investigated for a deeper understanding of its piezoelectric response. Lattice parameter measurement by high-resolution X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy revealed that the orthorhombic KNN films on SrTiO{sub 3} (100) surfaces are [010] oriented (b-axis-oriented) rather than commonly identified c-axis orientation. Based on the crystallographic orientation and corresponding ferroelectric domain structure investigated by piezoresponse force microscopy, the superior piezoelectric property along b-axis of epitaxial KNN films than other orientations can be explained.
Yu, Qi; Zhu, Fang-Yuan; Cheng, Li-Qian; Wang, Ke; Li, Jing-Feng, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing (China)] [State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing (China)
Mn concentration dependent structural and optical properties of a-plane Zn{sub 0.99-x}Mn{sub x}Na{sub 0.01}O
Non-polar a-plane (112{sup �}0) Zn{sub 0.99?x}Mn{sub x}Na{sub 0.01}O (x?=?0, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, and 0.05) thin films have been prepared on r-plane (112{sup �}0) sapphire substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The influences of Mn content on the structural and optical properties of the films have been studied. It is indicated that moderate Mn doping facilitates the non-polar growth of ZnO, and all the doped films are single phase with a hexagonal wurtzite structure. The transmittance spectra suggested that all films are transparent in the visible region exhibiting a transmittance above 80%. Mn{sup 2+} doped Zn{sub 0.99}Na{sub 0.01}O shows an initial decrease of optical band gap (OBG) for small concentration of Mn, followed by a monotonic increase. The anomalous decrease in OBG for low concentrations of Mn is attributed to the strong exchange interaction present between the sp electrons of the host matrix and d electrons of Mn. Emission studies were also performed showing suppressed blue-shifted ultraviolet band and dominant violet-blue bands, which might originate from the zinc vacancy (V{sub Zn}) and zinc interstitial (Zn{sub i}) defects. The intensity of defect-related emission peaks is Mn doping-level-dependent as well and the results coincide well with that from the structural analyses.
Lu, B., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Zhou, T. T.; Ma, M. J.; Ye, Y. H.; Ye, Z. Z.; Lu, J. G.; Pan, X. H. [State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027 (China)
Natural Gas Gross Withdrawals from Gas Wells (Summary)
Annual Energy Outlook 2013 [U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)]
6-2014 Illinois NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 Indiana NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 Kansas NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 Kentucky NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 Louisiana NA NA NA NA NA NA...
Natural Gas Gross Withdrawals from Oil Wells (Summary)
1-2014 Illinois NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 Indiana NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 Kansas NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 Kentucky NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 Louisiana NA NA NA NA NA NA...
Natural Gas Gross Withdrawals from Oil Wells
1-2014 Illinois NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 Indiana NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 Kansas NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 Kentucky NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 Maryland NA NA NA NA NA NA...
Natural Gas Gross Withdrawals from Gas Wells
6-2014 Illinois NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 Indiana NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 Kansas NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 Kentucky NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 Maryland NA NA NA NA NA NA...
CW one-micron (4F3/2-4I11/2) laser oscillation of Nd3+ ions in the melilite-type crystal Ca2MgSi2O7:Nd3+(Na+) at its incommensurate�commensurate phase transition
The spectroscopic and stimulated-emission (4F3/2?4I11/2) properties of the novel melilite-type laser crystal Ca2MgSi2O7:Nd3+(Na+) were studied in a temperature range that covers its incommensurate�commensurate (I...
A. A. Kaminskii; H. Nakao; A. Shirakawa; K. Ueda; J. Liebertz�
THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF ERCITITE, Na2(H2O)4[Mn3+2(OH)2(PO4)2], AND ITS RELATION TO BERMANITE, Mn2+(H2O)4[Mn3+2(OH)2(PO4)2
...Na2Cu2+(SO4)2(H2O)2, Hawthorne Ferguson 1975], talmessite [Ca2Mg(AsO4)2(H2O)2, Catti et al. 1977] and fairfieldite...Hydrogen bonding in the crystalline state. Structure of talmessite, Ca2(Mg, Co)(AsO4)2H2O, and crystal chemistry of...
Mark A. Cooper; Frank C. Hawthorne; Petr ?ern�
Biofuel Research at Brazil Center of Excellence | GE Global Research
do texto. Aproveitem. A misso do centro de excelncia de biocombustves da GE do Brasil aumentar a capacidade local de fornecer tecnologia na produo de biocombustves...
MODELS FOR METAL-POOR STARS WITH ENHANCED ABUNDANCES OF C, N, O, Ne, Na, Mg, Si, S, Ca, AND Ti, IN TURN, AT CONSTANT HELIUM AND IRON ABUNDANCES
Recent work has shown that most globular clusters have at least two chemically distinct components, as well as cluster-to-cluster differences in the mean [O/Fe], [Mg/Fe], and [Si/Fe] ratios at similar [Fe/H] values. In order to investigate the implications of variations in the abundances of these and other metals for H-R diagrams and predicted ages, grids of evolutionary sequences have been computed for scaled solar and enhanced {alpha}-element metal abundances, and for mixtures in which the assumed [m/Fe] value for each of the metals C, N, O, Ne, Na, Mg, Si, S, Ca, and Ti has been increased, in turn, by 0.4 dex at constant [Fe/H]. These tracks, together with isochrones for ages from Almost-Equal-To 5 to 14 Gyr, have been computed for -3.0 {<=} [Fe/H] {<=}-0.6, with helium abundances Y = 0.25, 0.29, and 0.33 at each [Fe/H] value, using upgraded versions of the Victoria stellar structure program and the Regina interpolation code, respectively. Turnoff luminosity versus age relations from isochrones are found to depend almost entirely on the importance of the CNO cycle, and thereby mainly on the abundance of oxygen. Since C, N, and O, as well as Ne and S, do not contribute significantly to the opacities at low temperatures and densities, variations in their abundances do not impact the predicted T{sub eff} scale of red giants. The latter is a strong function of the abundances of only Mg and Si (and Fe, possibly to a lesser extent) because they are so abundant and because they are strong sources of opacity at low temperatures. For these reasons, Mg and Si also have important effects on the temperatures of main-sequence stars. Due to their low abundances, Na, Ca, and Ti are of little consequence for stellar models. The effects of varying the adopted solar metals mixture and the helium abundance at a fixed [Fe/H] are also briefly discussed.
VandenBerg, Don A.; Dotter, Aaron [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3055, Victoria, B.C. V8W 3P6 (Canada); Bergbusch, Peter A. [Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 (Canada); Ferguson, Jason W. [Department of Physics, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260-0032 (United States); Michaud, Georges; Richer, Jacques [Departement de Physique, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7 (Canada); Proffitt, Charles R., E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com [Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218 (United States)
The H{sub 1}�H{sub 2} domain of the ?{sub 1} isoform of Na{sup +}�K{sup +}�ATPase is involved in ouabain toxicity in rat ventricular myocytes
The composition of different isoforms of Na{sup +}-K{sup +}-ATPase (NKA, Na/K pump) in ventricular myocytes is an important factor in determining the therapeutic effect and toxicity of cardiac glycosides (CGs) on heart failure. The mechanism whereby CGs cause these effects is still not completely clear. In the present study, we prepared two site-specific antibodies (SSA78 and WJS) against the H{sub 1}�H{sub 2} domain of ?{sub 1} and ?{sub 2} isoforms of NKA in rat heart, respectively, and compared their influences on the effect of ouabain (OUA) in isolated rat ventricular myocytes. SSA78 or WJS, which can specifically bind with the ?{sub 1} or ?{sub 2} isoform, were assessed with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot and immunofluorescent staining methods. Preincubation of myocytes with SSA78 inhibited low OUA affinity pump current but not high OUA affinity pump current, reduced the rise in cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca{sup 2+}]{sub i}), attenuated mitochondrial Ca{sup 2+} overload, restored mitochondrial membrane potential reduction, and delayed the decrease of the myocardial contractile force as well as the occurrence of arrhythmic contraction induced by high concentrations (1 mM) but not low concentrations (1 ?M) of OUA. Similarly, preincubation of myocytes with WJS inhibited high OUA affinity pump current, reduced the increase of [Ca{sup 2+}]{sub i} and the contractility induced by 1 ?M but not that induced by 1 mM OUA. These results indicate that the H{sub 1}�H{sub 2} domain of the NKA ?{sub 1} isoform mediates OUA-induced cardiac toxicity in rat ventricular myocytes, and inhibitors for this binding site may be used as an adjunct to CGs treatment for cardiovascular disease. -- Highlights: ? We prepared two antibodies against the H{sub 1}-H{sub 2} domain of ?{sub 1} and ?{sub 2} isoforms of NKA. ? The H{sub 1}-H{sub 2} domain of the NKA ?{sub 1} isoform mediates OUA-induced cardiac toxicity. ? The H{sub 1}-H{sub 2} domain of the NKA ?{sub 2} isoform mediates OUA-induced positive inotropic.
Xiong, Chen; Li, Jun-xia; Guo, Hui-cai; Zhang, Li-nan; Guo, Wei; Meng, Jing; Wang, Yong-li, E-mail: email@example.com
Exergy analysis of a novel air-cooled non-adiabatic absorption refrigeration cycle with NH3�NaSCN and NH3�LiNO3 refrigerant solutions
Abstract This paper presents a methodology of exergy analysis for ammonia-lithium nitrate and ammonia-sodium thiocyanate absorption refrigeration cycle which applies a novel air-cooled type non-adiabatic absorber to improve both the coefficient of performance and exegetic efficiency of the system under air cooling condition. A modified entropy calculation method for NH3/NaSCN and NH3/LiNO3 solutions is presented in this literature and different results are obtained comparing to previous research. In addition to the variation of solution temperature and pressure from specific working state to the reference state, the variation of solution concentration, which was always neglected by previous researchers in ammonia/salt solution exergy calculation, has been taken into account while analyzing the least potential of ammonia/salt solution for doing useful work, and a corresponding approach for specific exergy calculation is presented. The effects of generator temperature, absorber outlet temperature, absorber efficiency and other system parameters on system exergetic efficiency have been discussed in this study. Analysis results indicate that relatively high system performance can be obtained by air-cooled type ammonia/salt absorption refrigeration cycles when non-adiabatic absorbers are applied in these systems.
Dehua Cai; Guogeng He; Qiqi Tian; Weier Tang
Photovoltaic effect of a bilayer thin film with (Na0.5Bi0.5)1?xBaxTiO3/BiFeO3 heterostructure
A bilayer film containing (Na0.5Bi0.5)1?xBaxTiO3 (NBT�BT)/BiFeO3(BFO) heterostructure was produced by chemical solution deposition. An enhancement of photovoltaic performance of the bilayer film was discovered. It leads to a short circuit current density of 18.9��A�cm?2 and an open circuit voltage of 0.5�V, these values are much higher than that of BFO film. When transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) was used to substitute gold (Au) as top electrode, the photovoltaic voltage and photocurrent density, respectively, improved to ~0.71�V and ~45��A�cm?2. A theoretical band diagram model considering the ferroelectric polarization, heterostructure on the interface, and energy band bending effect was constructed to depict the mechanism of photovoltaic enhancement of the bilayer film. Temperature-dependent I�V measurements were carried out to explore the barrier height of the Au/BFO/NBT�BT/FTO heterostructure, and a total barrier height of 0.54�eV was obtained. Our work opens up a promising new method that has the potential for enhancing the photovoltaic performance for ferroelectric thin film, and provides deeper understanding of the photovoltaic mechanism of ferroelectric films.
Fen Wu; Yiping Guo; Bing Guo; Yangyang Zhang; Hua Li; Hezhou Liu
Synthesis and characterization of alkali-metal titanium alkoxide compounds MTi(O-i-Pr) sub 5 (M = Li, Na, K): Single-crystal x-ray diffraction structure of (LiTi(O-i-Pr) sub 5 ) sub 2
The series (MTi(O-iPr){sub 5}), M = Li, Na, or K, has been prepared by the reaction of MO-i-Pr with Ti(O-i-Pr){sub 4}. A single-crystal x-ray diffraction study revealed that (LiTi(O-i-Pr){sub 5}) crystallizes from toluene at {minus}30{degree}C in the monoclinic space group P2{sub 1}/n, with unit cell dimensions a = 11.440 (8) {angstrom}, b = 16.396 (13) {angstrom}, c = 11.838 (8) {angstrom}, {beta} = 92.59 (5){degree}, and Z = 4, as a dimer containing two approximately trigonal-bipyramidal titanium centers linked by lithium bridges. In benzene solution, all three compounds are dimeric, as revealed by cryoscopic molecular weight determination, and all three undergo an alkoxide ligand exchange process that is rapid on the {sup 1}H NMR time scale at room temperature. The positions of {nu}(M-O) are assigned based on the low-energy shifts observed upon deuteriation of the isopropoxide ligands. 23 refs., 3 figs., 3 tabs.
Hampden-Smith, M.J.; Williams, D.S. (Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque (USA)); Rheingold, A.L. (Univ. of Delaware, Newark (USA))
EPR and optical absorption by Cu{sup 2+} ions in ZnO?Li{sub 2}O?Na{sub 2}O?K{sub 2}O?B{sub 2}O{sub 3} glasses
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) studies at room temperature in the x-band frequencies on xZnO?10Li{sub 2}O?10Na{sub 2}O?10K{sub 2}O?(69?x)B{sub 2}O{sub 3}?1CuO (x=0,2,4,6 and 8 mole%) glass systems were reported. The non-linear variation of spin-Hamiltonian parameters with ZnO content indicated the change in the ligand field strength around Cu{sup 2+} ions in the host glass. The ground state of Cu{sup 2+} ions in the glass is designated as d{sub x{sup 2}?y{sup 2}} orbital ({sup 2}B{sub 1g}) while the observed symmetry around it is tetragonally distorted octahedral. The molecular orbital coefficients ?{sup 2}, ?{sup 2} and ?{sub 1}{sup 2} are evaluated for Cu{sup 2+} doped samples. The non-linear variation in the values of parameters indicated mixed alkali effect in the glasses.
Hameed, Abdul, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Shareefuddin, Md.; Chary, M. Narasimha [Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad-500007 (India); Ramadevudu, G. [Department of Physics, Vasavi college of Engineering, Hyderabad-500031 (India)
Estimation of multi-group cross section covariances for {sup 235,238}U, {sup 239}Pu, {sup 241}Am, {sup 56}Fe, {sup 23}Na and {sup 27}Al
This paper presents the methodology used to estimate multi-group covariances for some major isotopes used in reactor physics. The starting point of this evaluation is the modelling of the neutron induced reactions based on nuclear reaction models with parameters. These latest are the vectors of uncertainties as they are absorbing uncertainties and correlation arising from the confrontation of nuclear reaction model to microscopic experiment. These uncertainties are then propagated towards multi-group cross sections. As major breakthroughs were then asked by nuclear reactor physicists to assess proper uncertainties to be used in applications, a solution is proposed by the use of integral experiment information at two different stages in the covariance estimation. In this paper, we will explain briefly the treatment of all type of uncertainties, including experimental ones (statistical and systematic) as well as those coming from validation of nuclear data on dedicated integral experiment (nuclear data oriented). We will illustrate the use of this methodology with various isotopes such as {sup 235,238}U, {sup 239}Pu, {sup 241}Am, {sup 56}Fe, {sup 23}Na and {sup 27}Al. (authors)
De Saint Jean, C.; Archier, P.; Noguere, G.; Litaize, O.; Vaglio-Gaudard, C.; Bernard, D.; Leray, O. [CEA, DEN, DER, Cadarache, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance (France)
Natural Gas Vented and Flared (Summary)
6-2013 6-2013 Alaska NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Arizona NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Arkansas NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 California NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Colorado NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Florida NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Illinois NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Indiana NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Kansas NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Kentucky NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Louisiana NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Maryland NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Michigan NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Mississippi NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Missouri NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Montana NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Nebraska NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Nevada NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 New Mexico NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013
Natural Gas Used for Repressuring (Summary)
NA NA NA NA NA NA 1973-2013 NA NA NA NA NA NA 1973-2013 Federal Offshore Gulf of Mexico NA NA NA NA NA NA 1997-2013 Alabama NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Alaska NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Arizona NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Arkansas NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 California NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Colorado NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Florida NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Illinois NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Indiana NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Kansas NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Kentucky NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Louisiana NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Maryland NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Michigan NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Mississippi NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Missouri NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013
Nonhydrocarbon Gases Removed from Natural Gas (Summary)
1-2013 1-2013 Alaska NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Arizona NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Arkansas NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 California NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Colorado NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Florida NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Illinois NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Indiana NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Kansas NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Kentucky NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Louisiana NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Maryland NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Michigan NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Mississippi NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Missouri NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Montana NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Nebraska NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Nevada NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 New Mexico NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013
Missouri Natural Gas Summary
Production (Million Cubic Feet) Gross Withdrawals NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 From Gas Wells NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 From Oil Wells NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 From...
Michigan NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 Mississippi NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 Missouri NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 Montana NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2014 Nebraska NA NA NA NA...
Matrix effect and partitioning of boron isotopes between immiscible Si-rich and B-rich liquids in the Si�Al�B�Ca�Na�O system: A SIMS study of glasses quenched from centrifuge experiments
The results of a study of isotopic fractionation of boron between silica-rich (LS) and borate-rich (LB) immiscible liquids in the system Si�B�Al�Ca�Na are reported. Partitioning experiments were performed on glasses produced by quenching immiscible coexisting Si-rich and B-rich borosilicate melt pairs that had been equilibrated at high temperature and separated with the aid of a high temperature centrifuge furnace [Veksler, I.V., Dorfman, A.M., Dingwell, D.B., Zotov, N., 2002. Element partitioning between immiscible borosilicate liquids: a high-temperature centrifuge study. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 66, 2603�2614]. Here B/Si and 11B/10B ratios have been determined using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The determinations encountered unexpectedly strong matrix effect (up to 12�) due to contrasting chemical compositions of the immiscible melts. Employment of ?�60 V high-voltage offset (not used during routine SIMS B isotope measurements) effectively eliminated the initially observed matrix effect. With this improved SIMS technique, we obtained the result that the coexisting quenched immiscible liquids have the same 11B/10B ratio within ��1.2� (2?) analytical uncertainty. Thus little or no significant two-liquid fractionation of 10B and 11B isotopes was observed in the temperature range between 950 and 1350 �C. This is despite the observation that significantly different proportions of trigonal vs. tetrahedrally coordinated B in these immiscible liquids have been determined by Raman spectroscopic analyses. The essential observations (i.e., a strong matrix effect and a lack of significant B isotope fractionation between the glasses) were both supported by independent thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) analyses of one selected centrifuged pair. Those glasses showed no difference in B isotopic composition within the quoted 2? analytical error of ��1.0�.
A.A. Gurenko; I.V. Veksler; A. Meixner; R. Thomas; A.M. Dorfman; D.B. Dingwell
Evaporative Evolution of a Na-Cl-NO3-K-Ca-SO4-Mg-Si Brine at 95(degree)C: Experiments and Modeling relevant to Yucca Mountain, Nevada, USA
A synthetic Topopah Spring Tuff water representative of one type of pore water at Yucca Mountain, Nevada (USA) was evaporated at 95 C in a series of experiments to determine the geochemical controls for brines that may form on, and possibly impact upon the long-term integrity of waste containers and drip shields at the designated high-level, nuclear-waste repository. Solution chemistry, condensed vapor chemistry, and precipitate mineralogy were used to identify important chemical divides and to validate geochemical calculations of evaporating water chemistry using a high temperature Pitzer thermodynamic database. The water evolved towards a complex ''sulfate type'' brine that contained about 45 mol% Na, 40 mol% Cl, 9 mol% NO{sub 3}, 5 mol% K, and less than 1 mol% each of SO{sub 4}, Ca, Mg, {Sigma}CO{sub 2}(aq), F, and Si. All measured ions in the condensed vapor phase were below detection limits. The mineral precipitates identified were halite, anhydrite, bassanite, niter and nitratine. Trends in the solution composition and identification of CaSO{sub 4} solids suggest that fluorite, carbonate, sulfate, and magnesium-silicate precipitation control the aqueous solution composition of sulfate type waters by removing fluoride, calcium, and magnesium during the early stages of evaporation. In most cases, the high temperature Pitzer database, used by EQ3/6 geochemical code, sufficiently predicts water composition and mineral precipitation during evaporation. Predicted solution compositions are generally within a factor of two of the experimental values. The model predicts that sepiolite, bassanite, amorphous silica, calcite, halite and brucite are the solubility controlling mineral phases.
Alai, M; Sutton, M; Carroll, S A
ECO2M: A TOUGH2 Fluid Property Module for Mixtures of Water, NaCl, and CO2, Including Super- and Sub-Critical Conditions, and Phase Change Between Liquid and Gaseous CO2
ECO2M is a fluid property module for the TOUGH2 simulator (Version 2.0) that was designed for applications to geologic storage of CO{sub 2} in saline aquifers. It includes a comprehensive description of the thermodynamics and thermophysical properties of H{sub 2}O - NaCl - CO{sub 2} mixtures, that reproduces fluid properties largely within experimental error for temperature, pressure and salinity conditions in the range of 10 C {le} T {le} 110 C, P {le} 600 bar, and salinity from zero up to full halite saturation. The fluid property correlations used in ECO2M are identical to the earlier ECO2N fluid property package, but whereas ECO2N could represent only a single CO{sub 2}-rich phase, ECO2M can describe all possible phase conditions for brine-CO{sub 2} mixtures, including transitions between super- and sub-critical conditions, and phase change between liquid and gaseous CO{sub 2}. This allows for seamless modeling of CO{sub 2} storage and leakage. Flow processes can be modeled isothermally or non-isothermally, and phase conditions represented may include a single (aqueous or CO{sub 2}-rich) phase, as well as two-and three-phase mixtures of aqueous, liquid CO{sub 2} and gaseous CO{sub 2} phases. Fluid phases may appear or disappear in the course of a simulation, and solid salt may precipitate or dissolve. TOUGH2/ECO2M is upwardly compatible with ECO2N and accepts ECO2N-style inputs. This report gives technical specifications of ECO2M and includes instructions for preparing input data. Code applications are illustrated by means of several sample problems, including problems that had been previously solved with TOUGH2/ECO2N.
Pruess, K.
Electron energy spectra, fluxes, and day-night asymmetries of 8B solar neutrinos from measurements with NaCl dissolved in the heavy-water detector at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
Results are reported from the complete salt phase of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory experiment in which NaCl was dissolved in the H22O (�D2O�) target. The addition of salt enhanced the signal from neutron capture as compared to the pure D2O detector. By making a statistical separation of charged-current events from other types based on event-isotropy criteria, the effective electron recoil energy spectrum has been extracted. In units of 106cm-2s-1, the total flux of active-flavor neutrinos from B8 decay in the Sun is found to be 4.94-0.21+0.21(stat)-0.34+0.38(syst) and the integral flux of electron neutrinos for an undistorted B8 spectrum is 1.68-0.06+0.06(stat)-0.09+0.08(syst); the signal from (?x,e) elastic scattering is equivalent to an electron-neutrino flux of 2.35-0.22+0.22(stat)-0.15+0.15(syst). These results are consistent with those expected for neutrino oscillations with the so-called large mixing angle parameters and also with an undistorted spectrum. A search for matter-enhancement effects in the Earth through a possible day-night asymmetry in the charged-current integral rate is consistent with no asymmetry. Including results from other experiments, the best-fit values for two-neutrino mixing parameters are ?m2=(8.0-0.4+0.6)�10-5 eV2 and ?=33.9-2.2+2.4 degrees.
B. Aharmim et al. (SNO Collaboration)
NA Standards | Valence Geometries | Table 1 Ref.
1: References for Mononucleoside and Mononucleotide Structures 1: References for Mononucleoside and Mononucleotide Structures used in Anke Gelbin, Bohdan Schneider, Lester Clowney, Shu-Hsin Hsieh, Wilma K. Olson, and Helen M. Berman. "Geometric Parameters in Nucleic Acids: Sugar and Phosphate Constituents. (1996) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118, 519-529. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSD ID Compound Reference -------------------------------------------------------------------------- fikhai 3',5'-Di-O-acetyl-2'-deoxyadenosine Koole, L. H., et al. Can. J. Chem., 1987, 65, 326 fikhai01 3',5'-Di-O-acetyl-2'-deoxyadenosine Low, J. N., et al. Acta Cryst., 1988, C44, 2202 foylua 3'-O-acetyl-2'-deoxyadenosine Low, J. N., et al.
SOFE Romanelli_na1.ppt
the the realization of fusion energy Francesco Romanelli European Fusion Development Agreement EFDA Leader and JET Leader SOFE 11 June 2013 Acknoledgments: P. Barabaschi,D. Borba, G. Federici, L. Horton, R. Neu, D. Stork, H. Zohm A Roadmap to the realization of fusion energy Francesco Romanelli European Fusion Development Agreement EFDA Leader and JET Leader SOFE 11 June 2013 Acknoledgments: P. Barabaschi,D. Borba, G. Federici, L. Horton, R. Neu, D. Stork, H. Zohm Download at www.efda.org A Roadmap to the realization of fusion energy Francesco Romanelli European Fusion Development Agreement EFDA Leader and JET Leader SOFE 11 June 2013 Acknoledgments: P. Barabaschi,D. Borba, G. Federici, L. Horton, R. Neu, D. Stork, H. Zohm Download at www.efda.org
Brasis calcados? Provincianos na arena modernista
Buarque de Holanda. 8� ed. Brasil." Ra�zes Rio de Janeiro:Aderaldo. Jos� Lins J. do Brasil. Por S�rgio Olympio, 1975.Manuel. Cr�nicas da provincia do Brasil. Ed. J�lio Casta�on
Dias, Silvana Moreli Vicente
Estrat�gias para comunicar qualidade na Wikipedia
In open and collaborative encyclopedias like Wikipedia, communication to users about the quality of its articles is essential to increase the reliability of the information disclosed. In this article, we identify and evaluate the strategies provided ... Keywords: Wikipedia, collaborative encyclopedia, quality, semiotic engineering, semiotic inspection method
Raquel Lara dos Santos; Raquel Oliveira Prates
...isothermal-isobaric Monte Carlo simulations (NPT-ensemble) at a temperature of 298 K and a pressure...the Cs ions in smectite are in a more disordered environment in expanded layers (i...simulations) potential functions for proteins, energy minimizations for crystals of...
Contract No. DE-NA0001942
does not include cleanup activities. Safety & Health - Costs associated with safety and health programs, such as integrated safety management, emergency preparedness, fire...
excludente: poucos, abrangendo Rua da Uni�o onde todas assabia onde ficavam Recife Rua da Uni�o A casa de meusem que se perca o Rua da Uni�o aborda cenas casa de
No. 2 Diesel Fuel Sales to End Users Refiner Sales Volumes
NA NA NA NA NA NA 1994-2013 NA NA NA NA NA NA 1994-2013 East Coast (PADD 1) NA NA NA NA NA NA 1994-2013 New England (PADD 1A) NA NA NA NA NA NA 1994-2013 Connecticut NA NA NA NA NA NA 1994-2013 Maine NA NA NA NA NA NA 1994-2013 Massachusetts NA NA NA NA NA NA 1994-2013 New Hampshire NA NA NA NA NA NA 1994-2013 Rhode Island NA NA NA NA NA NA 1994-2013 Vermont NA NA NA NA NA NA 1994-2013 Central Atlantic (PADD 1B) NA NA NA NA NA NA 1994-2013 Delaware NA NA NA NA NA NA 1994-2013 District of Columbia NA NA NA NA NA NA 1994-2013 Maryland NA NA NA NA NA NA 1994-2013 New Jersey NA NA NA NA NA NA 1994-2013 New York NA NA NA NA NA NA 1994-2013 Pennsylvania NA NA NA NA NA NA 1994-2013 Lower Atlantic (PADD 1C) NA NA NA NA NA NA 1994-2013
Natural Gas Gross Withdrawals from Shale Gas Wells (Summary)
2007-2013 2007-2013 Federal Offshore Gulf of Mexico NA NA NA NA NA NA 2007-2013 Alabama NA NA NA NA NA NA 2007-2013 Arizona NA NA NA NA NA NA 2007-2013 Arkansas NA NA NA NA NA NA 2007-2013 California NA NA NA NA NA NA 2007-2013 Colorado NA NA NA NA NA NA 2007-2013 Florida NA NA NA NA NA NA 2007-2013 Illinois NA NA NA NA NA NA 2007-2013 Indiana NA NA NA NA NA NA 2007-2013 Kansas NA NA NA NA NA NA 2007-2013 Kentucky NA NA NA NA NA NA 2007-2013 Louisiana NA NA NA NA NA NA 2007-2013 Maryland NA NA NA NA NA NA 2007-2013 Michigan NA NA NA NA NA NA 2007-2013 Mississippi NA NA NA NA NA NA 2007-2013 Missouri NA NA NA NA NA NA 2007-2013 Montana NA NA NA NA NA NA 2007-2013 Nebraska NA NA NA NA NA NA 2007-2013
Natural Gas Used for Repressuring
1-2013 1-2013 Oklahoma NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Texas NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Wyoming NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Other States Other States Total NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Alabama NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Arizona NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Arkansas NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 California NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Colorado NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Florida NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Illinois NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Indiana NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Kansas NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Kentucky NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Maryland NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Michigan NA NA NA NA NA NA 1996-2013 Mississippi NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Missouri NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013