text:
The serene, yet powerful nature of the ocean has always attracted mankind. In addition to their ability to refresh our spirits, the waters of the sea hold many treasures that provide healing and nourishment for our entire bodies. In 1966, Thalgo was founded with the purpose of imparting the natural wonders of the ocean into a line of beauty products that do for the skin what a visit to the sea does: cleanse, enliven, rejuvenate. Now, you can bring the Thalgo experience into your daily life through the Thalgo Bath and Body Sets collection.
The items in the Thalgo Bath and Body Sets collection are complete kits that enhance your experience in the bath or shower and provide moisturizing and refreshment for your skin after bathing. The complementing products in the Thalgo Bath and Body Sets are specially priced to save you money as well. Give yourself the pleasure of a day at the shore with the items in the Thalgo Bath and Body Sets collection or choose one as a gift for a special loved one for any occasion.
Featuring products enriched with the nourishing elements found in the sea, the Thalgo Bath and Body Sets collection includes money-saving kits that allow you to pamper yourself and refresh your spirit. The items found in the bath and body sets from Thalgo make especially thoughtful presents for birthdays, anniversaries, Valentine's Day, Mother's Day, the winter holidays or any other occasion when you want to give someone the gift of natural beauty and renewed peace of mind.
The Thalgo Soft Skin Body Kit contains everything that you need to transform your dry, dull tissue into softened, silky, glowing skin. The four-piece gift set is also specially priced, allowing you to feel smart and savvy while getting new, gorgeous skin from head to toe.
The kit begins with the Effervescent Bath Care Pebbles, which provide a refreshing fizz to bath water and transform it to a beautiful Caribbean blue that delights the senses. The skin softening minerals found in the pebbles soothe skin tissue, while protecting it from harmful elements in the environment. Rich in red algae, the Marine Shower Gel found in the kit removes impurities from your skin and is appropriate for use in the tub or the shower. The Delicate Exfoliating Bar has a pleasant texture that helps remove dead skin cells, while moisturizing the skin with rich shea butter. To complete the kit, Thalgo Soft Hydrating Emulsion is the perfect body lotion to apply after stepping out of the shower or bath to restore vital moisture content.


text:
1:00 pm
Looking at Learning....Again Part 2
"Conceptual Change"
With Dr. Peter Hewson. In this workshop, we explore the role played by prior knowledge in the learning of new science ideas. Only when a new idea is understood, accepted, and found to be useful does it begin to be exchanged for a previously held scientific belief. D
2:00 pm
Mechanical Universe And Beyond, The
Physics must explain not only why and how much, but also where and which way. D
2:30 pm
Mechanical Universe And Beyond, The
"Newton's Laws"
Newton lays down the laws of force, mass, and acceleration. D
3:00 pm
Biography of America, A
"America at Its Centennial"
As America celebrates its centennial, 5 million people descend on Philadelphia to celebrate America's technological achievements, but some of the early principles of the Republic remain unrealized. Professor Miller and his team of historians examine where America is in 1876 and discuss the question of race. D
3:30 pm
Biography of America, A
"Industrial Supremacy"
Steel and stockyards are featured in this program as the mighty engine of industrialism thunders forward at the end of the nineteenth century. Professor Miller continues the story of the American Industrial Revolution in New York and Chicago, looking at the lives of Andrew Carnegie, Gustavus Swift, and the countless workers in the packinghouse and on the factory floor. D
4:00 pm
"Robots to the Rescue!"
SciGirl Abby and her friends give a rescue robot a personality makeover so it can do a better job when disaster strikes. D
4:30 pm
Biz Kid$
"Businesses That Give Back"
Get to know some businesses that are giving back in big ways, including up-and-coming entertainer Cymphonique, who helps encourage positive self-esteem for girls. Learn from socially conscious companies that are doing good. It's the new triple bottom line: people, planet, and profit. D
5:00 pm
The Electric Company
"Prankster Holiday"
Other than Marcus, The Electric Company has left town for the 4th of July. Manny and Danny could not be happier - with everyone gone, they can pull the ultimate prank. They plan to launch a giant wordball balloon that reads, "The Electric Company doesn't like you. D
5:30 pm
Fluff wants to wear his dad's lucky hockey skates in the prestigious Penguia Cup competition, but his teammates want everyone to wear cool skates they saw advertised on TV.G
6:00 pm
Essential Pepin
Ragout Of Asparagus; Zucchini And Tomato Gratin; Cauliflower Gratin; Artichoke Hearts Helen; Corn Tempura. D
6:30 pm
America's Test Kitchen from Cook's Illustrated
"Chocolate Torte"
7:00 pm
"Food and Wine Pairing Challenge"
Understanding wine's relationship to food is essential if you want to become a good wine maker. The contestants work in three teams of two and are given a challenging three course menu, a budget of only $150 dollars and an hour to find the right wines to pair with the meal. Their guests are wine buyers for some of the country's largest restaurants and retail chains, the executive wine editor for Food & Wine Magazine and top sommeliers who grill them on their choices. D
7:30 pm
Clodagh's Irish Food Trails
"County Clare"
8:00 pm
The Woodwright's Shop
"Mind Over Miter"
This butt joint of distinction joins everything from picture frames to crown moldings. Learn all the angles and see how to carefully cut corners as we master the miter box for fitting frames and fine furniture. D
8:30 pm
Rick Steves' Europe
"Galicia and the Camino De Santiago"
Rick follows a centuries-old pilgrim trail, from the French border to Santiago de Compostela in Spain's northwest corner. He stops in Pamplona for the running of the bulls and dives into the unique Celtic culture of Galicia where Riverdance meets flamenco.G
9:00 pm
Burt Wolf: Travels & Traditions
"Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"
Philadelphia is one of America's oldest and most interesting cities and the birthplace of our nation. Find out how it was founded as a Quaker colony and why it's the guardian of The Liberty Bell. Learn why Philadelphia is considered the city of brotherly love, tour the largest collection of outdoor murals and visit a Masonic Temple. D
9:30 pm
Essential Pepin
Ragout Of Asparagus; Zucchini And Tomato Gratin; Cauliflower Gratin; Artichoke Hearts Helen; Corn Tempura. D
10:00 pm
America's Test Kitchen from Cook's Illustrated
"Chocolate Torte"
10:30 pm
Burt Wolf: What We Eat
"Simple Pleasures: Mediterranean Foods in the Americas"
Burt looks at the history of the foods of the Mediterranean and how they have affected people in Europe and the Americas.G
11:00 pm
Joanne Weir's Cooking Confidence
"Flavor Fiesta"
It's a party when Joanne and her student Cheryl get together. Joanne adds a sweet crisp twist to classic guacamole, shows how to improve a store bought stock to elevate tortilla soup, and then the party really begins with muddled cherry margaritas Recipes: Sweet Pea Guacamole, Tortilla Soup with Pork Meatballs, Tortillas and Cheddar, and Fresh Cherry Margaritas. Student: Cheryl Kovelchik, Entertainment Marketing. D
11:30 pm
Rick Steves' Europe
"Galicia and the Camino De Santiago"
Rick follows a centuries-old pilgrim trail, from the French border to Santiago de Compostela in Spain's northwest corner. He stops in Pamplona for the running of the bulls and dives into the unique Celtic culture of Galicia where Riverdance meets flamenco.G

subset: commoncrawl


text:
More Fabulous Details
This Crossbody bag has a single front pouch with two buckle.
Long Strap.
Zipped and Open Inside Pockets.
Era | 1960's |
Vintage Style | Day handbags |
Color | Orange |
Condition | brand new vintage inspired |
Measurements | 12" Wide x 9.2" High. |
Standard UK & Northern Ireland Postage & Delivery Information
Standard postge costs: £2.95
Standard Postage takes 2-4 working days from the time the your order is placed to be received
(If you need your item next day give us a call or e-mail and we can see what we can do to help you).
All items are sent by recorded delivery & require a signature upon arrival
European Postage information:
Will take 4-7 working days to arrive
European postage cost: £7.50
International Postage & Delivery Information:
Will take 6-10 working days to arrive
International post cost: £15.00
Returns Policy
Yes we accept Returns from the UK & International customers within 7 working days for the UK and 10 working days from elsewhere
If you would like to return your order, please contact us as soon as possible for return instructions.
All returns must be sent back to us within 7 working days, in the same condition and packing as they were received in.
All returns must be sent back via recorded or special delivery; this enables us to track the parcel and make sure it is received safely, as if any damage has occurred whilst in transit the parcel will be insured by the post office.
If you wish to send your item back via standard post this is at your own risk and no responsibly it held by Its vintage Darling Ltd for lost or damaged items. We cannot refund you for the value of the parcel if the item is received damaged or not at all.
Once items are retuned they will be inspected and you will be refunded minus postage costs.


text:
RESTORADERM Skin Restoring Body Wash
Those with dry, itchy, eczema-prone skin, take note: Cetaphil's debut body wash is a winner!
Dermacontrol Oil Control Foam Wash
This is a good, lightly fragranced cleanser for normal to oily or combination skin.
Add to Faves?
Cetaphil At-A-Glance
Strengths: Inexpensive; mostly fragrance-free products; affordable and widely available; offers complete ingredient lists on its Web site; the sunscreens offer sufficient UVA protection.
Weaknesses: No anti-acne products; no state-of-the-art moisturizers; the original Gentle Skin Cleanser is a dated formula that isn't nearly as elegant or efficacious as many other water-soluble cleansers.
This familiar, widely distributed skin-care collection is manufactured by Galderma, the same company that markets the prescription products Differin and MetroGel. Given the dermatology heritage of Galderma (the company's Web site mentions this consistently), it's surprising the Cetaphil line hasn't advanced beyond the basics. Yes, most of what's available is a safe bet for those with sensitive skin, but it's disappointing that their SPF-rated products utilize active ingredients that can be a problem for sensitive skin. A mineral-based sunscreen would be a welcome addition for a line that stresses its value for sensitive skin!
We'd have expected the company to keep pace with the latest research into what it takes to create a truly great moisturizer, but that hasn't occurred either, and it could be done while still keeping the products suitable for those with sensitive skin.
As for their original Gentle Skin Cleanser, it is no longer one we recommend. Why? Although we were a champion of this cleanser for years (back when hardly anyone knew about it and good water-soluble cleansers were scarce), the formula has become dated and just isn't worth strong consideration over several other cleansers at the drugstore.
For more information about Cetaphil, call (817) 961-5000 or visit www.cetaphil.com.
Our Privacy Policy: We will not sell or share any of the information you provide.
*Promotion expires 9pm PT, June 2, 2015. Cannot be applied to previous purchases or combined with other offers. Applies to in-stock products only; no rain checks.
**Promotion expires 9pm PT, June 2, 2015. No cash value. Applies to US and Canada only.
***Promotion expires 9pm PT, June 2, 2015. Choose any 3 from 29 available FREE samples on orders of $5 or more.
Please sign in and access your saved member information.
You will have the option to create an account after you have submitted your order.


text:
Returning Customers
If you are a registered user, please enter your ART portal username and password.
T&T Invitation Postcards
Item# 63669
Member Price [?]
Non-Member Price
- Sales Unit: pkg. of 25
- Dimensions: 4" x 6"
Make clubbers, parents and leaders feel special with exclusive T&T cards! These Kids' Invitation Postcards with recognizable club characters help you invite children to club.
Say it all with these uplifting notes! Invitation Postcards include five each of five designs.


text:
New taxes brought by Polish Government will drive Polish Economy to it's standstill.Do not invest in that corupted country!!
Propobly u didn`t think 2 much about that what u hav wrote...
Reader comments are listed below. Comments are currently closed and new comments are no longer being accepted.
New taxes brought by Polish Government will drive Polish Economy to it's standstill.Do not invest in that corupted country!!
Propobly u didn`t think 2 much about that what u hav wrote...
Next wave of consolidation in Poland's banking sector expected in 2013. http://www.pr-inside.com/next-wave-of-consolidation-in-poland-s-r3606721...
Oh, dear, again extra-European faux pas on dividing Europe (Western Europe, Central and Eastern Europe...). The Curtain rot, the wall fell... 20 years ago - get over it now
"all of the evidence, not just what is most convenient"
One such inconvenient evidence is the fact that Transparency International is unable to resume its operation in this extremely corruption-ridden Central European coutry. This single fact tells one a lot about the scale of corruption in Poland. Corruption shakes confidence, mutual trust, what's more, it undermines the very aim of TI as an organisation fighting off corruption in the world: when one country in the center of Europe is unwilling to undergo all the anti-corruption procedures then gangsters from all the other countries may well come to Poland and do their murky business there, but TI is still blind to this obvious fact and they are still eager to hunt down corruption everywhere else but not in a country just 50 km East from Berlin.
Sir, you seem to be obsessed with the liquidation of the Polish branch of Transparency International. I read The Economist articles on Poland now and then and almost everywhere your rants about TI can be found. Why don't you chill out? Or better, since they're probably looking for people with passion for rooting out corruption (http://www.rp.pl/artykul/761764.html), why don't you offer them your help and widen the scope of your comments here to matters relevant to the article?
I believe that my comments are more relevant to the article than yours in which you evidently have problems to refute the very basic fact that Poland is a country with a lot of problems with corruption and don't delude yourself that it is otherwise. I am afraid that you have't given enough attention to this huge problem. Just think about it.
Is there any other country in Europe which doesn't maintain the TI's presence on its territory? Both the countries which keep high anti-corruption standards like Sweden, Finland, Denmark and those which have problems with corruption like Belarus, Ukraine, Russia do maintain this anti-corruption organisation on their territories, ONLY POLAND DOES NOT! You may call me obsessed or any other such invectives, but it is not going to prevent me from asking: what is making ALL THE POLISH LAWYERS to keep away from the organisation which is operational in all the other European countries? Sorry, but I would be fully justified to claim that Poland is the most corrupted country in Europe in the situation such as it is today. There are countries with only five or six million people and TI is present there and 35 million Poland (with its unemployment rather high) just happens to be a single country in Europe in which it is impossible to find workers for this organisation? This very fact should give you a lot of food for thought as there must be something terribly wrong going on in Poland right now if all the other countries have no problems to recruit workers for TI and Poland is inherently impossible to recruit them. You suggest chilling out but I love my homeland and want it to prosper and corruption kills economy in the long run.
Don't be so deluded to think that there isn't corruption anywhere else in the world except for Poland. Corruption is rampant everywhere, some countries just hide it better than others.
In that case I can tell you that Poland is the world champion in hiding corruption because, unlike all the other countries of the world, Poland doesn't even bother to keep up apearances and it doesn't maintain TI on its territory, a move which many more corrupted countries, like Venezuela, didn't dare to make. Besides, I advise everyone to neglect whatever TI is announcing, because they fail to create anti-corruption system even in Europe if Poland is devoid of its branch on its terrtiory, just laugh when you read some TI reports about corruption in future.
With all due respect, but you need to visit Poland because you seem to have a terribly distorted perception of its present state. We are ranked 41st in the 2012 Transparency International survey, which means we have less corruption than some 130 other countries. And which also incidentally means TI is free to conduct its surveys in Poland. Honestly, I'm sure there are more fun hobbies than pointlessly spreading false information, so get a life.
All right, just give me the address of the Polish branch of TI (I can very easily give you the addresses of TI's branches in Venezuela and other suspicious countries as far as corruption is concerned). Just a month ago all Polish Sejm was involved in a huge unpleasant corruption scandal when they gave themselves huge bonuses - is it this for which TI ranked Poland 41st position?? Better still, how can a country be accorded a position in a competition in which it doesn't take part? TI evacuated, or was frightenend away, from Poland in November 2011 and it is a fact, let's not question the facts. I also regret that you treat my reminding about it as a "fun hobby" - you know it isn't, you know it comes out of care for what is going on in Poland right now, uncle Leon. I just want Poland to be a better place to live in, free of any suspicions of corruption. All the Scandinavian countries are much better placed on your list, yet noone at their senses in those countries is going to get rid of TI in Norway, Sweden, Denmark or Finland. How can you accuse me of spreading false information?
Firstly, TI is a monitoring institution. Which means it only monitors or advises and its presence or lack thereof is almost completely inconsequential for the actual state of affairs. TI have offices in Cambodia, does that make Cambodia less corrupt than Poland in your mind?
Secondly, TI website says Poland ranks 41st in the world, and is among the least corrupt in the region. What are you going to say to that - that TI have made a terrible mistake? Or perhaps you are the one who is mistaken and Poland is actually a normal country?
For goodness' sake! Just visit the official TI website, go to the bar: "select country/territory" and see it for yourself that TI doesn't maintain its presence in Poland. If you don't believe me, just check it for yourself somewhere, but what I say is this: since November 2011 TI hasn't been operational in Poland, whether you like it or not. When you click on the bar which I told you about, you might be quite shocked to learn that TI maintains its presence in such countries like Albania, Belarus, Cyprus, Kosovo, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Mongolia, etc., but not in Poland (sic!). Let me anticipate your next possible argument you could well conceive of, namely that Poland is a corruption free country and that it doesn't need to maintain the TI branch, because such countries like Finland, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, are much more transparent than Poland yet TI is still present there. You sort of waited for over a month to place your comments and I can guess why you did not comment my remark about this evident lack of TI in Poland earlier. You were afraid that more people might learn that Poland is a country without TI so you waited for some time and only now when the issue faded away and nobody is interested in this huge, huge problem of corruption in Poland you write about it. You can't measure the temperature if you get rid of the thermometer, likewise you can't state that a country ranks 41st place on the TI list if you are not present in a country. Alphabetically speaking, Poland should be somewhere between Philippines and Portugal on the "select country/region" of TI's website - it isn't!
I apologise the readers, I should have realised I was talking to a troll, my bad.
I apologize the readers for "uncle Leon". Evidently he has problems with operating his internet browsers on his computer (his "Information Technology" education has been sadly neglected or I don't know how else I might explain his ignorance in the subject matter about which he is writing) for otherwise he would have checked the Transparency International official website and he would have known long ago that "TI" is no longer operational in Poland.
Maybe u come from late 90s? Update ur knowledge.
Maybe u come from late 90s? Update ur knowledge.
I have read that TI does not need to be present in Poland - there is hardly any corruption. Do they know anything at TI?
And this is the very thing which irritates me the most: TI doesn't need to be present in Poland because there is hardly any corruption - what utter stuff and nonsense! Do people who wrote this about Poland demand that e.g. Sweden, or other country with good anti-corruption results, should suspend their TI operation in that country for a time until corruption flourishes again? Do the same people who claim that Poland doesn't need TI's presence also claim that since e.g. Sweden has good anti-corruption results then it is counterproductive to maintain TI's presence in, for example, Sweden?
Poland has come an incredible way in the past 20 years. As someone who has been visiting Poland since the mid 80s, the changes are all around. Having now lived in Poland for the past six years, one thing dismays me about the amount of potential lost in the middle-lower segments of Polish society. As someone who has lived in both the Americas and Asia, one thing struck me during a conversation with the young man cleaning our carpets. He told me he was able to buy new equipment, expand his business, and hire a couple of his buddies because of....an EU grant! Where else in the world could you do that?? Try going to your local US or Chinese govt. office that you want free money for your business. It will be the best joke they ever heard! Many Poles complain of their low wages, or them being stuck in dead-end jobs, yet every day on my way to work I receive 3 or 4 flyers for FREE re-training and continuing education schools. I have Polish friends with capital who can't give it away, because no one comes to them with good ideas. The opportunities, the tools, are all there for all Poles. It is only such a shame that so many either do not know about these tools, or choose not to change their own fate...
The problem is that those in need of help are impossible to be helped unless they try to do something on their part in this direction. Nihil novi sub sole: Defoe's Robinson Crusoe had had plenty of opportunities to save many slaves from being eaten by cannibals, but he just watched with disgust how they were being killed and then eaten, because they didn't escape, they couldn't be of use to him as they didn't imagine otherwise than to follow the cannibals rituals; only when Friday started to run away then Robinson was ready to immediately help him because Friday could imagine ways to survive, and this was someone worthy to be saved. It's a shame that so many people in Poland just go like sheep to be slaughtered instead of taking to some action, organising a job for themselves, etc. (EU grants should favour people of the lowest incomes).
Well, it made really big progress in last 20-25 years. However I would not suggest EU grants as a major factor. In 1989, when new deal arrived to Poland, there were no EU grants and were not for further 15 years (Poland joined EU in 2004). The key factor for development was people'e eagerness. It was more solid than communism was and perhaps is stronger than any over-international structure, I hope.
The Poles are often not allowed to apply for grants. I have the first hand experience. No matter how much one tries, somehow the Polish authorities always win. I know - I am Polish! I don't know why this is happening.
It baffles me who in the Economist allowed this piece to be published. It's misleading (to say the least) and on top of that has completely untrue statements, this being king:
"The government explicitly rejected austerity and was the only nation on the European continent to avoid a recession. "
That's of course completely FALSE. The main reason the Polish government never implemented as radical austerity measures as the southern European countris is that it NEVER HAD TO. But that is not to say there was NO austerity taken.
Prime example is reducing PIT rates from 19/30/40 to 18/32% in 2009, which costs on average 9-10bn PLN per year. On top of that both the prime minister and the minister of finance were explicitly saying that there will be NO stimulation package implemented by the government (opposing vows to do so by the opposition).
They also pledged to keep the agreed budgetary anchors and maintain the debt levels within the constitutional limits, which at max. reach 60%.
So the primary purpose Poland, together with countries like Sweden or Slovakia, made it through the crisis relativley unscathed, is a responsible fiscal policy. I would advise you to look up debt figures for the aforementioned countries and then compare them with the rest of burning Europe.
Let me remind you that irresponsibility from the state management of the budget led Greece, Italy and Portugal into insolvency and the whole eurozone to the brink of collapse, as no eurozone countries fulfill the Maastricht criteria.
Hence, it's not the absence of austerity, but its presence - in a limited form - led to such good results, with Polish bonds being the most trustworthy in their history.
Matt O'Brien is equally misleading and wrong, taking Dec. 2007 as a point of reference to judging currency exchange rates - while in the preceding three years they were not much lower than in the years following 2008 crisis. Levels Mr O'Brien gives as example were present in less than 6 months of 2008 and it was not a long term trend. And despite these changes between 2004 and 2008 Polish economy was growing at an average 5% per year - with US achieving merely 2%.
It completely destroys my opinion of The Economist. Did you guys move to Paris, or what?
Oh wait, Washington... Now that explains a lot - great example of Obamanomics propaganda. Sorry guys, we were supporting Mitt in these elections because he would do exactly what we did in PL.
You do know the economist is a British publication right? What does the US elections have anything to do with this article? Or do you just need to toot your own political horn?
Donald Tusk announced in October that he was releasing a 42b euro stimulus package for Poland. http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/afp_world_business/view/1231056/1...
Furthermore, you're citing countries like Sweden as models of fiscal responsibility, a massive welfare state and a country that just undertook a stimulus of it's own. http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/45082d54-02f5-11e2-a284-00144feabdc0.html...
Of course, this is a two sided coin (sweden is planning on reducing it's corporate tax rate (something the US should do as well), but overall I believe your comments are more than arrogant; they are misleading and misguided.
You argue that a reduction in PIT means austerity. That's a wholly new economics to me.
And yes - contrary to your argument Poland did reject austerity. E.g. in 2010 it had a deficit of nearly 8% of GDP while the economy grew at 3,8%. It's only in 2012 that our government started to tighten fiscal policy. And overnight we had to say goodbye to growth of 4%.
A lot of dirty money might well be coming into Poland as Poland is probably the only country in which TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL is not present, not operational, doesn't exist. It also raises the question whether there is any sense in fighting corruption elsewhere when one leaves such important place opaque to corruption; it's like having a waterproof roof but one hole in it and through this very hole all the water is coming into the house (next time you hear of TI reports just smile, shrug your shoulders and ignore them, because they are not reliable as long as they don't maintain their presence in each and every country).
You do realize this is not a stimulus package and some moron mis-translated the whole thing? This money comes from the EU funds and it is simply a projection of the influx of EU money to the Polish economy based on the ongoing negotations for the future budgetary period.
I'm not sure if you're aware of Polish economic reality which is - Poland CANNOT take any more debt as it is at the border of constitutional debt levels (around 60% of GDP). At this point talking about 42bn euros is just bonkers - it's not Polish budget, it's the EU.
What government has pledged to do is keep the deficit at 3% GDP - and that's what they can and will do.
You do realize you're unfamiliar with simple rules of mathematics? The Polish deficit that year didn't come from excessive spending but from tax cuts. The government was still spending below its targets from 2008 (when they were planning continued growth at +5% over the next 5-10 years).
There's a huge difference between increasing spending and cutting down revenue streams. The money released with that to the economy came from taxpayers, not from the government.
Contrary to US example in which the government spends an excessive amount of money it doesn't have - to no avail really.
I wonder if West will look up to Poland and start using road-salt for food
As far as I know nobody in Poland was really sentenced for serving Poles road salt as food ingredient.
In Poland, people worry about dodgy kielbasas. In the UK, people worry about getting blown up by Islamic terrorists or having their homes torched by delinquent youths. I won't even mention the US.
Go to the official site of TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL, click the button: "where we are in the world" and try to find Poland among practically all the countries of the entire universe. You will not find Poland there, because Poland is OPAQUE to anti-corruption procedures. Corruption, corruption, corrutption - that's what Poland is now and the fact that noone was really sentenced for serving us road salt is just one of many examples of this corruption.
Unfortuately, they are somehow able to hide the evidence. The assessments return good results, I am not sure why. That has already been pointed out, that the results may be misleading. The testing methods-questionnairs -must be unsuitable. I wonder where to find more information on the faulty test results. Thank you for the information on Transparency International. Was Transparency International not allowed to conduct tests?
Information on corruption in Poland is simply unavailable anywhere because Poland doesn't belong to Transparency International. A moment ago (May 11th 2013) I checked TI's offical website and Poland still doesn't exist on the list of countries where TI is operational, no branch, no contact and no representative in Poland. I am just an ordinary reader and not an expert on tests, etc., yet it seems very strange that the EU doesn't mind "Polish roof" may be leaking as far as the whole notion of corruption is concerned (a roof which is waterproof but for one place is no longer waterproof, corruption may well be coming to the EU through the Polish part of the common European roof). Everybody is looking at bank accounts in such countries as Switzerland, Cyprus, Lichtenstein, and so on, yet nobody in the entire EU even cares to bother to look at what is going on in Poland. I don't accuse my Polish government of anything, but this thing is very suspicious that Transparency Intl isn't operational in Poland and they pretend that everything is all right, perfect, they even boast of economic success (which is ridiculous) etc.
Some numbers from Eurostat that repute the notion that Poland avoided recession because it engaged in deficit spending:
Government expenditure in 2008: 43.2% of GDP
Government expenditure in 2009: 44.6% of GDP
Government expenditure in 2010: 45.4% of GDP
A good chunk of the increase is due to higher debt serving cost (since the Polish public debt is largely denominated in euro or dollar):
Interest payment in 2008: 2.2% of GDP
Interest payment in 2009: 2.6% of GDP
Interest payment in 2010: 2.7% of GDP
Back in 2010, Poland was preparing for the Euro 2012 football tournament. Most of the infrastructure spending was thus baked in and not done in response to the crisis. Rising unemployment, naturally, pushed up expenditures on social benefits.
These figures are dodgy. Government spending is 2013 is approx 330 billion PLN. Polish GDP stands at about 1550 billion PLN. This equates to about 21.3% spending as a % of GDP. I really dont know where you got your "in the mid 40's" figures. I think you may well have added the pension, healthcare, and local authority spending. But even then it would never be that much. Pension system finances itself by seperatly through pension contributions, same with healthcare - only the gap in income/expenses is paid for by the state but that is already in the 330 figure i said above. Local authorities finance themselves through local taxes.
Care to explain?
But if you define tax as a compulsory payment required by
one or another government/local-government agency than
pensions, healthcare and local-government are all the same...
Your method is pretty arbitrary and you can reduce `Government spending'
at will (and it is exactly what the Finance Minister is doing--pure http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_accounting)
Im not reducing anything. The British budget is just over 700 billion pounds, equating to about 50% GDP. The Polish budget is about 330 billion PLN equating to about 21% GDP. Spending has falled from about 50% of GDP in 1990 to about 21% currently.
Thats my point
Mostly arithmetic.... Don't be fooled
Pensions for example were part of the budget
and now are managed via separate agency which is de-facto part of central government. The same with for example roads (highways/express roads), healthcare etc... Nothing changed except signboard
The numbers are from Eurostat. They're the total expenditures of all levels of government, inclusive of transfer payments (unemployment benefits, farm subsidies, becikowe, etc.). The figure you're citing, I believe, is only the government's operating cost (salaries of workers and the cost of stuff that they use up) plus investments.
Taxes wouldn't be so damn high if government outlays are just 20% of GDP. The solidarna Polska beloved by many has to be paid for after all.
Solidarna Polska? Is it a joke? In Poland social care gives you 3 pounds for shoes in for your whole family if you are poor.
As far as I know teachers, hospitals, police and other state-run authorities don't finance themselves through local taxes but through the state dotation in Poland.
In positive views of this economic is good for Poland around many years ago ,I think that Poland is the good country which has the good policies in management of economic or avoiding from Crisis. The other way ,if we look at the EU zone like Greek ,spain ,Italy,potugale ,they are confronting with the crisis by financial system.It is terrible for economic in EU zone too.I think that the creation of preventing crisis by border in one country is very important like emergency economic recovery division and better regulation of financial system are very very important for curbing the financial systematical risk.I absolutely hope that EU will solve this problem smoothly and hook the EU zone economic increase in the next years away.Merry cristmas to EU Zone and all.Godbless you.
jan emigrant jobus and klauschwitz (polish nationals) are all hardcore sympathizers of pis party extremaly right-wing, homophobic, anti-gay, nationalistic, fundamental catholic and populist party led by "potato" twin brothers who wish this country all the worst because in this way their "beloved leader" kaczynski, whose brother in their opinion was murdered by explosion in smolensk by tusk and putin. knowing this you will be able to understand their mentality (just a part of it, because the rest for normal people is ununderstandable)
while in fact we Poles "are one family" as our beloved leader assures
with paid TV ads ...
I am "one family" with all the other nationalities and races in the world more than with Polish far-right enthusiasts running their nationalistic, xenophobic prejudices against minority groups in Poland.
Also let's not forget that Poland has life expectancy lower than countries such as:
Really something to copy, isn't it?
Poland-77, Cuba-79, Mexico-77. But, more interestingly: Danemark-79!, USA - 76!!
No big difference.
I see "Mr Balcerowicz does not mention this" stated several times. He doesn't mention these things because he doesn't understand them or have a clue, simple as that. Poland has a corrupt government that could care less about the population or the environment. Those supposed smart folks that sit in New York or London or wherever and look at statistics would do well to take their CV and move to Poznan. We'll see how well they think the Poles have weathered the storm after that dose of reality.
That is sadly correct. It tells you something that after 20 years of permanent unemployment and constant claims that we will soon be on level of Europe, the only things that reached European levels are prices. While the average Pole if he earns 500 Euros considers himself lucky and rich.
It's no wonder that millions of Poles have fled what has become an essentially failed state to seek a more prosperous and often cheaper life in the West.
Government in Poland shows relatively low corruption. And I do mean it. True corruption stories at governmental level can be found in Italy, France, Czech Republic, Hungary.
And this shows up in data - Corruption Perception Index shows that only in Estonia and Slovenia do they have lower corruption in the region.
Perhaps you should also mention that in some economic rankings Poland is behind Rwanda?
Poland has "relatively low corruption". Starving to death is also relatively worse than living on 1 dollar a day.
I think you missed the point, that being that statistics only get you so far and can be corrupted to show whatever is desired by those with an agenda. As was said, get a job in Poznan, if you can, and then try to collect your wages, if you can. Sounds easy enough, yes? Better yet, start a business in Poland and try to compete with those that grease the hands of profit. And if you're lucky enough to be successful, try to keep that business without interference from those that would like a piece of that profit. That also sounds easy enough, yes? Maybe it isn't so easy. Try it.
Your original post was about corruption. So my response is that corruption in Poland is lower than people think. Poland has definitely lower corruption in the top echelon of power than, say, France (it's not a big secret that politicians there are pretty rich). And CPI reflects that.
And frankly I do not understand your response. When facing facts that, well, Poland corruption is overstated then you switch the subject - now it's about starting a business. It looks to me that you stubbornly ignore positive facts about PL and pursue for anything that is negative.
P.S. I am just opening a business and noone asked me for a bribe. Actually I never handed a bribe in PL. My two brothers run a few businesses - they don't see that problem either. Maybe open up a business and check it yourself?
You are opening a business, good luck to you. I assume because Poland is fair, transparent, safe, and not corrupt relative to Czech, Hungary, Slovakia, etc. that you can tell the name of yours and your brothers businesses, and in what city you do business, here on the Economist website? Do you have any reservations about doing that? It could be good advertising.
The fact is Poland is a backwater relative to other countries in the EU and the U.S. And please tell me why did so many Poles borrow in other currencies if there is such confidence in the government? I don't see that happening even in Czech.
YOU MUST BE JOKING!!! Poland is a country from which Transparency International fled in November last year and they haven't resumed its operation in this corruption-ridden central European country until this day! How can you tell me what the temperature is when they have broken the thermometer to measure it? What corruption perception index are you talking about when Poland is a country which doesn't let in TI on its territory?
This seems to be important. Why did TI leave Poland? What is the reason? I tried to google that but could not find it. Any links?
Somehow they can't resume its operation in Poland since November 2011 (which should tell one a lot about the true level of corruption in Poland). You can type into the browser "transparency international" and click "where we are in the world - select a country" and you can find Portugal, Romania, Russia and all the other countries of the world but not Poland, because in Poland they don't dare to operate (they can't find any person in Poland unafraid to oppose the corruption forces in Poland; such powerful are different gangs and mafias in Poland that they can't find anyone bold enough to oppose their corruption, everybody in Poland is yielding to the Polish mafias, even Transparency International is afraid of the the murky, clandestine forces in Poland).
That's your interpretation. In the meanwhile, I would be happy to get any links on true reasons of TI departure.
Here is a link to Rzeczpospolita article from 2011. Up until now TI hasn't been able to resume its operation in Poland but nevertheless they are suspiciously overhasty to praise low corruption in Poland, a very strange behaviour indeed: they found themselves in a situation where they can't use their thermometer (so to speak), yet they announce a priori a rather susprisingly good standard in Poland.
Corruption Perception Index is based on various surveys and assessments by international agencies and not a single one is directly produced by TI. As such, there is no need for TI to be present in Poland to include it in its ranking.
As for TI leaving Poland - your article sheds some light here. Miklos Marschall from TI stated that it was due to lack of funding, weak team and obvious blunders. He was explicit in stating that there were no external factors - only weak team.
Here is one more link:
TI Poland was ready to give their certificates of transparency to companies in huge, huge troubles, these suspicious companies only had to give some bribes to TI's Polish leaders – does this really not shock you?
Back then in November 2011, Mr Marshall said that it was very important for TI to resume the activity of their branch in Poland and that they were busy looking for appropriate workers and law experts to employ them in Poland. Somehow a whole year has passed and Mr Marshall couldn't find a single lawyer willing to fight against corruption in Poland because no one is willing to work in an anti-corruption organization in Poland. Hello? Do you realize what these facts really mean? Are you still so ready to accept all those fake anti-corruption indices they produce to praise Poland?
Poland is one of the most corrupt countries in the world, it doesn't even put on a show of being willing to fight off corruption on its territory (which is interconnected with other EU countries - sic!) and one simply can't pretend not to see this obvious thing. This spectacular lack of TI's presence in Poland also undermines the very sense of existence of such strange organization which supposedly fights against corruption but only selectively, i.e. it only looks for corruption in those countries where it wishes to find corruption, whereas one member country of the EU and of NATO and of OECD which is situated 50km from Berlin is free to launder as much money as it wishes (one may only wonder how many Germans, Austrians, Danes, and so on travel to Poland to launder their money coming from various crimes – sic!!!). Sorry but if I buy a waterproof jacket which has even one hole in it I don't call this jacket waterproof anymore, similarly TI can't call itself an anti-corruption organization because they omit Poland, a very important EU country. Enter TI website, go to "select a country" and you have Kazakhstan (Karasai Batyr St 85; Almaty, Kazakhstan), Ukraine (40 Yegorov Str., Office 203; Kirovohrad, Ukraine 25006) or even Venezuela (Av. Andrés Eloy Blanco; Edf.Cámara de Comercio de Caracas, Piso 2, Of.2-15; Los Caobos, Caracas,Venezuela), but not Poland! – is this really not shocking you?
Polish unemployment rate in two decades since 1992 is around 15%-18% on average.
Is that really something to be admired? And if you don't believe it, you can easily find this information in official statistics:
Basically unemployment never got down since 1992 and economic "reforms". Even after 2 million Poles left for the West. We simply became a colony and source of cheap labor for Western Europe.
Yes, because people like you prefer to emigrate, rather than stay in their own country and build it. If everybody was as greedy and pathetic as you this country would never get anywhere. Please dont blame for your misfortunes, they are your own fault.
p.s. you better hurry up the pile of dirty dishes is building up very quickly
The headline unemployment rate, as reported by GUS, uses criteria different from that of other countries. The unemployment rate in Poland according to Eurostat is 10.4% currently. It's higher than it ought to be but beats the Euro zone's 11.7%.
Given the current trend, Poland will become richer than the poorest country in Old Europe next year. I think that's quite an accomplishment.
"It's higher than it ought to be but beats the Euro zone's 11.7%."
Was Euro zone unemployment rate 11% since 20 years? Also seems rather amusing to escape from official statistics that show that the "king is naked"
"Given the current trend, Poland will become richer than the poorest country in Old Europe next year"
Richer? By what standard? Surely you don't mean GDP, or you could argue that Equatorial Guinea is a success story.
I am also afraid that Poland will still need to catch up to Albania, as it still didn't reach Albania's life expectancy.
Bar any miracle, Poland's per capita (PPP basis) should pass that of Greece next year. Portugal is coming within reach too.
Wait a minute. I thought economics cheerleaders such as yourself assumed that the workforce is mobile and should follow the jobs wherever they go? So which is it? Do you agree with the theory that workers are no different than physical resources that flow to where they are needed, or should people who can't find work just give up and waste away in their homeland because they would rather starve in their home country than go somewhere else to try and earn a living?
Why should I help building a country that opressess me with its fiscal policies and cancerous ever growing and hostile bureaucracy. I'm in Ireland now where starting a limited company takes two days, where I don't have to pay a half of average earnings to zus, where costs of employing somebody is so much cheaper, where corporation tax is 12.5%, where families are supported by substantial tax credits (currently I pay around 7% tax in real terms) and this is all after four subsequent years of hard cuts and austerity measures and in the middle of recession.
Meanwhile Polish society has been so brainwashed by political debate that they not even interested in talking taxes anymore and they have impression that things are getting better beacuse the grim reality they exist in is the only one they know. This is every governments dream - a society that really works their assess off to keep afloat and doesn't really complain
I was hesitant to respond to such vile personal attacks, but it seems that Economist decided to let them stay.
Stay and build country? How naive and completely disconnected from reality. Poland isn't some XIX century frontier to be settled. It is a country that was ruined and destroyed by centuries of partitions, two world wars, 50 years of communism and neo-colonial exploitation after 1989.
One would be extremely foolish to think that one man can change what history made. Poland can't be repaired, too much has happened. For me in Poland there was only poverty and unemployment-just like for millions of other Poles. In the west I can work and live like a human being with work, and not worry if I will starve to death on a street. There is no reason for me to join masses of unemployed and poor living in a ruined land that will most likely never recover. I am happy to be a productive member of society in the West, gladly paying taxes, raising my education and willing to say here for the rest of my life, contributing to society as best as I can. I hope that I will never have to return to Poland .
Im glad for you. But when your new homeland leaves the eu and tries to kick you back where you came from, only then will you realise how much your new homeland loves you and how much you are welcome there.
I am welcomed more in UK than I was welcomed in Poland. As to the future-we will see what it brings. No matter what happens, I am determined never to return to Poland and will do anything I can to remain in the west.
CHA CHA CHA!!! yes, we should all sacrifice to build New Better Poland!
I wouldn't go so far as to call Poland a colony, cheap labour and so on, but one has to concede that the reforms undertaken ended in fiasco (according to many tink-tank experts).
Poland's economy is in tragic condition. We're already in "middle income trap" and there is no chance to escape from this situation in this decade, at least. Poland's economy is even weaker than Turkey's, since Turks have their own, big companies and better access to their biggest markets (not only EU, but also whole Middle East and bigger part of Western Asia). Poland's has the lowest in the EU (next to Romania and Bulgaria), R&D spending, about 0,6 percent, based mainly on government spending. Polish companies are totally incapable to produce something better than "good with satisfying price), only small enterprices, based in very small niches have the chance to be competitive on the world market.
As long, as EU is in crisis, Poland will stay in this tragic situation with no prospect for improvement.
So, don't bother, don't invest here. Better for your money.
Well said jubus-add to that an unchanging unemployment rate, massive population flight of young people(in millions), lack of any serious industries and you get the full picture how failed Poland is.
More corporate R&D spending would probably be nice. But don't sweat it - "corporate R&D" doesn't mean anything; businesses don't bother to explain the purpose or intention of every bit of spending, unless there is a tax/ accounting incentive (in a clean tax system, there shouldn't be). Polish companies surely do invest in product & service development - and will do so increasingly as their domestic market becomes more mature and faster to adopt new offerings.
Poland is absolutely not in a middle income trap - as opposed to the classical candidates Mexico & Brazil:
Indeed, Poland has far outperformed Turkey. Poland has even grown faster than China in absolute per capita terms. Polish PPP GDP/ capita has increased by $8,128 (2001-2011), while China's increased by only $4,550. So Polish incomes have grown nearly twice as fast as China's (just that China came from a much lower base). Poland is doing well, given its history.
Of course, Slovakia's doing better. I still feel that both theory & evidence suggest that Poland would be richer in the eurozone, though the pragmatic course is to wait & see how eurozone financial sector reform & restructuring happens. What matters even more, is the quality of institutions built & developed in Poland (and general performance of businesses in boosting productivity).
But cheer up - an extra $8,128 per head (in real, inflation controlled 2005 dollars) is much better than the extra $2,600 the Brits managed, $2,900 that Americans managed or $3,700 that the Germans managed.
It isn't a very complete measure of output or of living standards, but certainly gives a strong indication of progress - Poland will certainly endure the occasional recession (it's probably overdue one), but is not in any kind of middle income trap.
Poland is unlikely to reach anywhere close to German income levels before 2040, but is on a clear convergence path. Faster market integration would help to reduce productivity differences & capital stock differences, and would bring about faster convergence. Either way, convergence is happening - the only question is one of pace.
Compare invention levels in Czech Republic, Slovakia and Poland. Czechs make 5-10 times more patents, than Poles, althought their spending is only 1 percent of GDP or even lower.
I know the reality on polish "universities" - even in Africa, there is higher level of college education.
"Czechs make 5-10 times more patents, than Poles"
And still they are the sick man of the region!
It's already a decade that they are growing slower than Poland or Slovakia. In '89 Poland had half of per capita GDP (PPP) of Czech Republic. Now it's 75%. If this continues we'll be richer by 2030. Or earlier, given the fact that recently they continuously flirt with recession, while Poland and Slovakia grow at rates around 2-4%
"And still they are the sick man of the region!"
With longer life expectancy than Poles :) And certainly lower numbers of economic refugees than Poland as well.
Only those who live in Poland know how poor the nation became within the last 20 years. It is really silly to look only at numbers when people are struggling to meet even most basic needs. Most Poles earn less than 500 euro per month while the cost of living is comparable to developed countries. Just imagine that you get a quarter of your wages and you know how Poland is free from this recession - there is the other one already for two decades...
We're not in recession, mainly because of 3 million Poles, living and working abroad, mainly Western Europe. Amount of money transfers, from EU to Poland, coming from the expatriats is even higher than, so called "EU funds". Without those transfers, we would have been already in the recession, probably even deeper, than this in Spain or Italy.
This is true. After I escaped from Poland to UK I was amazed that prices of many products in UK are on the same or similar level as in Poland-while people earn easily 5x times more.
Prices are the same. Except ofcourse accomondation, transport, food, drinks, tobacco, alcohol, parking fines, and just about anything else i can think of.
Even the brothels are the same price...
Food in UK is cheaper than in Poland.
I don't smoke or drink, so can't really say about tobacco and alcohol. But cars are definitely on the same level if not cheaper. Cost of transport similar. Compared to earnings price of accommodation cheaper definitely.
Wow, no wonder you had to emigrate from your own country. My cat has more intelligence than you. Cost of transport similar? Do you know that an annual ticket from Cantenbury to London costs approx £5000? Thats a journey of approx. 80 miles. In Poland youll get that ticket for less than a tenth of that price. Accomondation similar? Are you serious? An apartment for one person in central London can set you back a minimum £1000 per month, in warsaw youll get a better place for 1000zl - less than a fifth of the price. Food is cheaper in england? Please - i was in Zakopane the other week, which is a top top winter destination in Poland, and a meal for two on the main street cost me 50zl - about 9 pounds at current exchange rates. Are you trying to tell me that you can go to a top top winter destination and get a meal for 2 persons for £9? No sorry, for less than £9 because you said food is cheaper?
No wonder you had to emigrate.
I agree. Some time ago, there was made a comparison, between Germany, Netherlands, Poland and some other country. Polish, Dutch and German prices, mainly for FMCG products were nearly the same.
It is even sillier not to look at numbers...
". Are you trying to tell me that you can go to a top top winter destination and get a meal for 2 persons for £9? No sorry, for less than £9 because you said food is cheaper?"
Sure you can-Wetherspoon.It's even cheaper than 9 pounds.
Sorry for not knowing prices of tourist destinations in Poland-never good afford them in Poland. Usually people in Poland earn 50 zloty working one a half day, while in UK i earn this in an hour.
"in warsaw youll get a better place for 1000zl - less than a fifth of the price"
In Warsaw 1000 zloty will get you barely a room to rent, unless you go to rural outskirts or find a an old building with communal toilets(yes maybe Westerners would like to know that even in XXI century Warsaw there are buildings like that in which people live)
As to prices-I don't dine in restaurants usually, I buy food at shops, and prices are lower or on the same level than in Poland. Not to mention prices of heating in Poland...
That prices in Poland are on similar Western levels was confirmed numerous times,even in Polish media which usually are government friendly
Yes, i remember wetherspoon, i was there a few times during my studies. As far as i recall, it was something of a discount pub, a type of lidl of pubs. As you can probably imagine, a good meal on the main streat of a top tourist destination, in a restaurant, is not the same as a meal in a lidl of pubs. I would imagine the meal i had in a similar location would probably cost about £80 - not exactly 50zl is it?
I really cant believe what i am hearing from you. It was only recently the eu said Poland was the chapest country in the eu - cheaper than poorer members like Romania. It is even cheaper than Belarus, where people are shopping in Poland en-masse.
So what you are trying to say, the eu and all the countries around Poland are wrong, and you are right? Because i see people going to Poland to buy things "cheap" not the UK.
Your propaganda is amusing, especially this bit:
"It was only recently the eu said Poland was the chapest country in the eu - cheaper than poorer members like Romania"
Never been to Romania, I know that UK or Germany are cheaper to live in than Poland.
As to prices-just one publication stating that prices in Poland are on the same or similar level as in Germany:
"As you can probably imagine, a good meal on the main streat of a top tourist destination, in a restaurant, is not the samë"
Too bad, I always thought that Trafalgar Square near which I ate was a top tourist destination. Apparently it can't compare to joys of Zakopane.Somebody must inform these millions of tourists wasting their time in London.
"as a meal in a lidl of pubs"
If it is a lidl of pubs, than what are Polish restaurants that serve food with road-salt?
I wouldn't say most of the Poland's private sector loans are denominated in the złoty. When it comes to home loan, foreign currencies (chiefly the Swiss franc) was dominating the market. Only a third or so of mortgages were denominated in the national currency. When the złoty slide against the Swiss franc and Euro, there were much public outcries calling for intervention. The NBP eventually did intervened on a few occasions to intervene to provide a bottom.
According to an old post at Alphaville by Izabella Kaminska, "[t]he share of foreign currency loans in total lending to the nonfinancial private sector was about 35% at end-May 2009."
Most of Poland's public debt is denominated in Euro or US dollar. The złoty's drop in value has caused the debt level to rise dangerously close to the constitutional limit. Unlike the US debt ceiling, the 60% limit is immovable. Officials have to implement measures to avoid it. The VAT has gone up by 1%. Saying that there's no austerity in Poland is not entirely accurate. Then again, Poles tend to think everyday is austerity since 1795.
Mortgage debt in Poland is tiny compared either to total debt or to the total economy. You are right that a majority of mortgage loans were denominated in FX but overall the situation was different. The Polish government also likes to borrow in yen but the amounts are pretty small: http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-07-08/poland-sells-25-billion-yen-of-...
The question is what would have happened had Poland been on the euro or had it pegged its currency. In those cases the outcomes were worse, although, as others have noted, the currency was not a sufficient condition, as Hungary shows.
We have no reason to assume that the currency would have been pegged at the speculation-driven high though. If Polish złoty were on ERM-II, then the central bank would have been obliged to keep the currency from rising against the euro back in 2008. Inflation probably would have gone out of control. A property bubble likely would have formed. Avoiding such problems back then is different from saying that a devaluation gave Poland a critical advantage in the aftermath of the crisis. At the moment the PLN-EUR exchange rate is pretty much what it was a few years ago, prior to the upward spike and subsequent sharp correction.
You also fail to mention: unlike Hungary and the Baltics, Poland made investing into the Polish banking system by foreign banks very difficult pre-crisis. This partly had to do with the nationalism of the Kaczynski bros., but when the crisis hit and Austrian and German banks started withdrawing capital back to their main branches, Polish banks were not affected by the liquidity freeze and thus could continue lending to businesses and individuals. Tusk will more than likely liberalise this sector and the The Economist will probably hail the move as another great step towards Western capitalism, but it isn't this will actually be for the good of Poland.
In science they say "the simplest answer is always the right one," and since economics is a science, the same rule apply - so please dont dig so deep that you cant see whats growing on top.
It is not really a question of Poland doing well but rather the others doing bad. The west had a massive financial crisis starting in 2009 which led to their economies collapsing - it is this that marked their recessions. Poland never had a financial crisis hence its economy continued to grow - its as simple as that. No financial crisis - no recession.
There was no financial crisis in Poland because the banking sector is very tightly (but not over tightly) regulated. Pretty much a bank will only give you a loan if it is near certain you will pay back. For example, i walked into a bank the other day to open an online account; the women serving sat me down, explained all the costs, and then i had to sign EVERY SINGLE PAGE OF THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS, ONE BY ONE. Same principles apply to the whole financial industry in Poland, which i must say, without bias, is very well developed and solid as a rock - the recent IPO of Alior Bank is just evidence.
Throw in euro 2012 and the construction boom, large foreign direct investment, constant privatisation, money being sent from abroad, a very well eduated population and you have a recipe for success - it is a shame however that we have a useless bunch of cunts in parliament though - who cannot see anything through their shaded "im not here to work but to take money" glasses.
Economics is not a science and you are delusional if you truly believe that. Just because economists use equations and complex math doesn't mean that those equations are derived from the real world or that they have been tested and proven to match real world behavior. Real scientists change their theories if they are applied to the real world and don't produce the desired results. However, economists never change their tune, no matter how bad things get. I dare you to find one example of an economist that applied their theory to the real world, didn't get the results they were looking for, and responded by changing their theory. The closest I've ever seen was when Alan Greenspan admitted in front of Congress that he was wrong. At least he was smart enough to admit that there must be flaws in the theory, because that's all it is - theory.
There is one cure for Poland's Success: Join the Euro.
Some are enthusiastically targeting 2016 for the replacement of the Zloty with the Euro.
Denial is not just a river in Egypt.
They dont have enough votes in parliament to do this. PiS will block it.
Support for joining the euro zone has completely cratered. In the last survey done by the Center for Studies of Public Opinion (CBOS), only 25% want the euro compared to 68% who don't want it. Back in 2009, when many were feeling the pain of having loans in Swiss franc, there was a clear majority support joining.
Tusk has already stated that public opinion is irrelevant as vote for EU was vote for Euro.
I might be wrong but, who knows, maybe the years 2011 and 2012 were the best time for joining the Euro by Poland. Poland is beginning to drift in the direction opposite to the Euro and there's nothing the Euro-zone can do about it, really. Recession and deep, deep crisis is not an appropriate time to switch into some single pan-european currency!
Dropping the value of the country's currency results in price increase of imports. Which, in turn, punishes the consumers. So imagining that this was a painless cure is a very big fallacy. Would you rather cut your salary and pay the same amount for goods or leave the salary intact and pay more for imported consumables? Mathematically these can be equivalent, they just appear different to our psychology.
These things are very different, because when your salary is cut, prices of ALL goods effectively increase.
When currency value falls, only IMPORTED goods prices increase (and energy, which influences prices of all goods, but much less than in 1:1 relation).
Food in Poland is mostly produced in-place, same with household appliances, white goods, furniture, cars, etc.
The most important things that are usually imported in Poland are oil, gas and computers, and while increase of these prices hurt people, it was much less painful than increase of all prices would be.
Monetarists act like devaluation is a panacea for all that ills a nations' economy. But as you point out, it causes more problems than it solves.
There really wasn't much of a devaluation in Poland. The złoty appreciated significantly back in 2008. And then there was a sharp correction. Since firms weren't passing the savings to consumers, there were no big jumps in prices either. At least I don't recall suffering from sticker shocks.
I don't know if he was talking about the currency losing value. Sounds more like he was referring to the fact that in the "success story" that Poland supposedly represents, wages have been stagnating for quite some time while prices have been increasing.
Our economics correspondents consider the fluctuations in the world economy and the policies intended to produce more booms than busts
Football and politics: David Cameron's own goal
America's Ukrainian mission: Training wheels
Britain's election campaign: April 25th: Nick Clegg tilts towards the...
An earthquake in Nepal: Shaken in the mountains
The prime minister: An interview with David Cameron
The future of New York City: They are coming, but will you build it?
Democracy in America
Northern Ireland and Britain's election: Show him the money
Have you listened to The Economist Radio on Facebook?
The Economist Radio is an on-demand social listening platform that allows you to listen, share and recommend The Economist audio content
Test your EQ
Take our weekly news quiz to stay on top of the headlines
Want more from The Economist?
Visit The Economist e-store and you'll find a range of carefully selected products for business and pleasure, Economist books and diaries, and much more


text:
- 2015
2013 Volvo S80
- For SaleVolvo S80
- RepairsVolvo S80
2013 Volvo S80 Prices
Find out what a 2013 Volvo S80 should cost to buy, or if you own one, find out what your car is worth. Customize the mileage, condition and options below for the car you're considering buying or selling. 2013 Volvo S80 prices are based on recent average transaction prices nationally.


text:
Category page
1,737,634pages on
this wiki
this wiki
For songs with a YouTube video link in the {{SongFooter}}. |
Top | 0-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z |
Pages in category "YouTube/Song"
The following 200 pages are in this category, out of 68,925 total.
(previous 200) (next 200)(previous 200) (next 200)


text:
Division of Counseling and Psychology
Jared Kass Professional Title: Professor of Counseling and Psychology Areas of Academic Focus and Expertise: Clinical Treatment of Trauma, Stress-Related Illnesses, Anxiety, and Depression; Neuroscience of Stress Coping and Mind-Body Interactions; Resilience and Positive Psychology; Mindfulness and Therapeutic Use of the Arts; Social Justice Perspectives in Counseling; Psychology of Religion and Spirituality; Mentoring in Higher Education: Social-Emotional and Psychospiritual Development Representative List of Recent Courses Taught: • Orientation to Professional Psychology• Clinical Skills and the Counseling Process• Professional Integrative Seminar• Doctoral Studies Advising• Theories of Holistic Counseling and Psychotherapy I & II• Spirituality: Resource for Psychological and Social Well-Being Education: B.A. Magna Cum Laude, Independent Scholar in Literature, Amherst College (1969);Ph.D., Psychology and Education, Union Institute and University (1975); Danforth Foundation and Woodrow Wilson Foundation Fellowship Awards; L.M.H.C. Representative List of Recent Publications / Exhibitions: View a list of selected publications and conference presentations for Dr. Kass
Dr. Jared Kass has been a faculty member at Lesley University since 1976. As an educator and clinician, his work focuses on community-building interventions that promote health, justice, and peace through the social, emotional, and spiritual development of young adults. Read full bio.
Master's Programs
Clinical Mental Health Counseling
Clinical Mental Health Counseling:Holistic Studies Specialization
Clinical Mental Health Counseling:Trauma Studies Specialization
Clinical Mental Health Counseling:School and Community Specialization
Counseling Psychology
Counseling Psychology: Professional Counseling Specialization
Counseling Psychology: School Counseling Specialization
Non-Degree Certificates
Counseling and Psychology for Educators, Clergy, Managers and Health and Human Service Professionals
Professional Development in Counseling Psychology
Trauma Studies in Counseling and Psychology
Certificate of Advanced Graduate Study in Counseling Psychology
Counseling and Psychology FacultyPrograms of Study
Field Training
My Assessment Portfolio
Letter from Dean Koverola
Office of the Dean Staff
Arts and Health
Graduate School of Arts and Social Sciences Home
Financial Aid
Tuition and Fees
Continuing Education and Professional Development
Request more information
Schedule a campus visit
Get your application started today!
View a list of selected publications and conference presentations by Dr. Kass


text: Emirates Team New Zealand take NZL5 out on on the bay for the fourth day of testing and practice in San Francisco. 29/5/2013 Chris Cameron/ETNZ© This site and its contents are © Copyright TetraMedia Pty.Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Photographs are copyright by law, if you wish to use an image from Sail-world.com, Powerboat-world.com or marinebusiness-world.com, Contact us. Click Here to close this window |


text:
Parliament of Australia
House is not live
House of Representatives
Senate is not live
Current section pages
My Parliament
You are here:
Clicking the 'From' and 'To' fields displays a calendar. Alternatively select date by typing into these fields in the format 'dd/mm/yyyy'.
Current Bills
Previous Bills
Results per page 10 25 50 100
Family Tax Benefit (Tighter Income Test) Bill 2014
Track (What's this?)
Bill | Explanatory Memorandum
Defence Legislation Amendment (Parliamentary Approval of Overseas Service) Bill 2014
Landholders' Right to Refuse (Gas and Coal) Bill 2013
Copyright Legislation Amendment (Fair Go for Fair Use) Bill 2013
Guardian for Unaccompanied Children Bill 2013
Marine Engineers Qualifications Bill 2013 (No. 2)
Reserve Bank Amendment (Australian Reconstruction and Development Board) Bill 2013 [No. 2]
Overseas Aid (Millennium Development Goals) Bill 2013
Commonwealth Electoral Amendment (Leaders' Debate Commission) Bill 2013
Voice for Animals (Independent Office of Animal Welfare) Bill 2013 [No. 2]
A bill is a proposal for a law or a change to an existing law. A bill becomes law (an Act) when agreed to in identical form by both houses of Parliament and assented to by the Governor-General.
Parliamentary sitting calendar
Go to the full calendar of events
Browse all Senators and Members


text:
Nursery Furniture
About HABA
Where to buy
Toys USA
Nursery Furniture
HABA USA 2015 Catalog
Retail wholesale catalog
HABA USA Facebook
Connect with HABA USA
HABA USA Videos
Enjoy watching!
HABA USA in the News!
Magazine & blogger coverage
Retail Store Locator
Find a specialty store near you!
HABA @ Facebook
HABA @ YouTube
HABA @ Pinterest


text:
Tory Burch
Named for Tory's parents — Buddy and Reva Robinson — it's a modern classic. The epitome of understated chic, our Robinson Middy Satchel is made of the highest-quality, scratch-resistant Italian leather. Updated with a new, removable luggage tag and cleaner lines, the ladylike top-handle style adds polish to both work and weekend looks and has an optional strap for versatility.
- Saffiano leather.
- Top zipper closure.
- Tubular handles with 5" drop.
- Removable, adjustable cross-body strap (extends to 24").
- 1 interior zipper pocket.
- 2 additional interior open pockets.
- 3-piece metal logo; interior Tory logo plaque; protective metal feet at base.
- Height: 7 3/4"
- Length: 11 1/4"
- Depth: 6"
In-Store Availability
Style Number: 11149677
You Might Also Like
Rated 4.4 out of 5 by 9
Rated 4 out of 5 by Sweetpea88 Saffiano leather is not for everyone.
I thought I would love this bag. It's the perfect size and I really like the shape, but the texture of this handbag does not meet expectations of a luxury brand. My husband bought it for my Birthday, but unfortunately it is going back tomorrow. When a handbag costs $500.00 I better love it. The best part about this handbag was the beautiful packaging it came in. Tory Burch does the best packaging ever. Despite the lovely packaging, unfortunately the handbag came with dents on it from the handles pressing up against the body of the bag. The texture makes this handbag look far from luxury. It looks plastic or like some sort of fake leather. I like leather handbags to look like soft and supple high quality leather, so maybe I'm just not a fan of Saffiano leather. Color is accurate to the photo. It is a medium tan color that will look good with just about everything. If I didn't know this was a Tory Burch bag I would never look at it and think it was a luxurious or beautiful handbag.
August 16, 2014
Rated 4 out of 5 by linnie loved the color and texture
This is a very nice midsize bag. My only reason for not keeping it was I felt as if it was stiff in the zipper opening.
May 29, 2014
Rated 5 out of 5 by KD1021 Carnival color!
This purse is a classic Tory staple, the shape and the ability to wear it crossbody is wonderful but the best thing about this purse is the color! Such a vibrant color, this was the reason for my purchase and have received tons of compliments. The packaging is magnificent, like Christmas morning ;)
May 10, 2014
Rated 3 out of 5 by Angel On the fence
After weeks of research, I finally settled on the Robinson Middy satchel in black. What won me over was the clean lines and versatility of this bag. This was my first medium-high end bag purchase. I was anxiously awaiting the delivery of this bag. I was impressed with the packaging. The bag was well protected. Upon closer inspection of the bag, I noticed that the longer piece of the crossbody strap was composed of two straps sewn into one. I assume there wasn't a long enough piece of leather to compose the crossbody strap. The sticking of the bag looks look but there's some fraying from a few of the threads. The luggage tag is a nice touch. The bag is roomy and hold its shape fairly well. When using the crossbody straps, the bag tend to lose some of its shape, mostly on the front side, middle section of the bag. I've had the bag for close to a week. Overall, I like the style and shape of this bag, however, I'm on the fence about the quality. I guess I expected more for the price paid.
April 7, 2014
Rated 5 out of 5 by Chops73 Awesome purse
This is about the 5th purse I get my wife from Tory and what can I say she has love every single one of them..awesome stuff
March 20, 2014
Rated 5 out of 5 by Sweetie85 Robinson Middy is Awesome.
I was skeptical at first, but went ahead with my initial desire to purchase the Robinson Middy Satchel in New Carnvial; and I love it!! It's very spacious and the color is great. I have only had this handbag for two weeks and have received compliments everyday. Not too big, not too small. Perfect size and color for me.
March 17, 2014
Rated 5 out of 5 by Aimee0321 Classic
I love it! Classic look and big enough for everyday!
March 1, 2014
Rated 5 out of 5 by Heather1014 Great purse beautiful color
I love this purse. So simple but the color is so bright and makes a statement. I love it!
February 23, 2014


text:
Student Perspectives 2012 Summer Seminar for High School Students Recorded: Friday, June 22, 2012
Each year the Independent Institute holds two week-long session of its Summer Seminar for Students for high school and college age students. These clips are highlights from our 2012 session for high school students.
Experts: Benjamin W. PowellType: Challenge of Liberty SeminarsIssues: Culture/ Society, Economic History and Development (International), Economic History and Development (U.S.), Economic Policy, Economists, Free Market Economics, Political Ideology and Philosophy


text:
rm -f /etc/X11/xorg.conf*
touch /etc/X11/xorg.conf
aticonfig --initial
I installed ati drivers 9.5 in my gentoo to be able to use my new HD4770. But when I run xorg -configure to reconfig X, I get an error. This is the log:
Any idea about wahts happening here? Perhaps the manufacturer (HIS) touched something?Code:X.Org X Server 1.5.3 Release Date: 5 November 2008 X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0 Build Operating System: Linux 2.6.25-gentoo-r7 x86_64 Current Operating System: Linux serenity 2.6.25-gentoo-r7 #1 PREEMPT Sat Oct 4 05:02:49 CDT 2008 x86_64 Build Date: 29 March 2009 08:26:34PM Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org to make sure that you have the latest version. Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting, (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational, (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown. (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Fri Jun 19 09:16:26 2009 (WW) Open ACPI failed (/var/run/acpid.socket) (No such file or directory) (II) No APM support in BIOS or kernel (II) Loader magic: 0x3200 (II) Module ABI versions: X.Org ANSI C Emulation: 0.4 X.Org Video Driver: 4.1 X.Org XInput driver : 2.1 X.Org Server Extension : 1.1 (II) Loader running on linux (--) using VT number 7 (--) PCI:*(0@4:0:0) ATI Technologies Inc unknown chipset (0x94b3) rev 0, Mem @ 0xd0000000/268435456, 0xcffe0000/65536, I/O @ 0x0000e000/256, BIOS @ 0x????????/131072 List of video drivers: fglrx radeon ati (II) LoadModule: "fglrx" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/drivers//fglrx_drv.so (II) Module fglrx: vendor="FireGL - ATI Technologies Inc." compiled for 126.96.36.1996, module version = 8.61.2 Module class: X.Org Video Driver (II) LoadModule: "radeon" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/drivers//radeon_drv.so (II) Module radeon: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 1.5.3, module version = 6.12.1 Module class: X.Org Video Driver ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 4.1 (II) LoadModule: "ati" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/drivers//ati_drv.so (II) Module ati: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 1.5.3, module version = 6.12.1 Module class: X.Org Video Driver ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 4.1 (II) System resource ranges: [0] -1 0 0xffffffff - 0xffffffff (0x1) MX[B] [1] -1 0 0x000f0000 - 0x000fffff (0x10000) MX[B] [2] -1 0 0x000c0000 - 0x000effff (0x30000) MX[B] [3] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x0009ffff (0xa0000) MX[B] [4] -1 0 0x0000ffff - 0x0000ffff (0x1) IX[B] [5] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x00000000 (0x1) IX[B] (II) Primary Device is: PCI 04@00:00:0 (WW) Falling back to old probe method for fglrx (II) ATI Proprietary Linux Driver Version Identifier:8.61.2 (II) ATI Proprietary Linux Driver Release Identifier: 8.612 (II) ATI Proprietary Linux Driver Build Date: Apr 28 2009 21:45:06 (II) Loading PCS database from /etc/ati/amdpcsdb (WW) This ATI Proprietary Linux Driver does not guarantee support of video driver ABI higher than 2.0 (WW) Video driver ABI version of the X server is 4.1 (II) AMD ASIC control file status: R312 S1 B129 N128 T128 (WW) fglrx: No matching Device section for instance (BusID PCI:0@4:0:1) found (**) ChipID override: 0x94B3 (**) Chipset Supported AMD Graphics Processor (0x94B3) found Backtrace: 0: Xorg(xorg_backtrace+0x26) [0x4d7f9e] 1: Xorg(xf86SigHandler+0x39) [0x470171] 2: /lib/libc.so.6 [0x7f1f867ce430] 3: /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/drivers//fglrx_drv.so(atiddxProbeMain+0x34b) [0x7f1f8622f26b] 4: Xorg(xf86CallDriverProbe+0x1cc) [0x4606a3] 5: Xorg(DoConfigure+0x1bd) [0x46ba0f] 6: Xorg(InitOutput+0x652) [0x460ef5] 7: Xorg(main+0x24e) [0x4304ca] 8: /lib/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xf4) [0x7f1f867bbb74] 9: Xorg [0x42fb09] Fatal server error: Caught signal 11. Server aborting
rm -f /etc/X11/xorg.conf*
touch /etc/X11/xorg.conf
aticonfig --initial
That freezes the whole system. Also, I cant find any error message in the logs.
Was X running when you executed the commands ?
No. There is no way to execute X. Running startx freezes the system. Running Xorg -configure doesnt produces any config. Running with old config=freeze, running with aticonfig --initial=freeze.
I reemerged xorg-server after emerging ati-drivers and nothing, always the same.
I be confused. Your reply to Kano indicated that the freezing happened *after* running the aticonfig command, so I assumed that X was working before that... which implied that you could have run aticonfig while X was running...
Your first message indicated (if I read it correctly) that you have a problem running xorg-configure, which you don't need with fglrx AFAIK. I think I'm hearing that you didn't get past xorg-configure the first time and running X normally after aticonfig didn't work either ?
When you say "running with aticonfig --initial=freeze" do you mean aticonfig freezes or X freezes after running aticonfig ?
Last edited by bridgman; 06-20-2009 at 01:43 PM.
Sorry, my mistake!
So is my understanding of the sequence correct ? Can you fill in some gaps ?
- install gentoo (running with open source ati driver ? vesa ?)
- install 9.5 (building packages, native installer, someone else packaged for you ?)
- ran xorg-configure (manually ? automatically by the package ?)
- xorg-configure failed, log in your first post (did you run aticonfig --initial before attempting to run xorg-configure ?)
- ran the commands Kano recommended (did the system freeze when running the commands or only next time you started X ?)
- re-emerged xorg and ati-drivers (what does ati-drivers get you, fglrx or open source ?)
- still hanging on x start
Lets see, I had a previous ATI card (hd2600) working with 8.x (when installed gentoo) and later with 9.2. got a new one, waited until an ebuild for 9.5 was available and installed it (it is recommended to avoid manual install of ati drivers under Gento, better use ebuilds and emerge system). First tried Xorg -configure, which didnt worked (I did it because the old configuration didnt worked). Then tried an empty xorg.conf and aticonfig, neither worked this.
Usually an ati-drivers ebuild installs fglrx, then you run eselect opengl set ati to make xorg use the fglrx driver.
Im really confused here, when I run startx, fglrx seems to properly identify the card, but for some reason, something crashes.
Yeah, so that probably means the driver is fine in terms of supporting the GPU but isn't getting along with something in your system.
Guessing here, but a number of "crash at startup" problems have been resolved by using aticonfig to disable acpi-services. The usage might be covered in aticonfig --help, or I can try to find the right syntax.


text:
UN.GIFT Publications
UNYC Child Friendly Protocol against Trafficking in Persons
Oct 25 2010
Download right click "save as"
To enjoy the gift of freedom and the opportunity to flourish: this right belongs to each and every young person on earth. The good news is that today, many children celebrate this freedom as well as the increased sense of safety and space to thrive that it brings to them.
Yet there are still many other young people who are trapped in a world where their freedom has been stolen from them. The tragedy is that every thirty seconds, somewhere in the world, a child or young person is taken against their will and trafficked into slavery.
But this is not just happening to young people; mothers and fathers, brothers and sisters, wives and husbands, sons and daughters; are all trafficked by international syndicates of highly organized criminals. That's why the governments of the world have got together to fight this massive abuse of human rights. And, that's what this convention is all about.
It is time for the free young people of the world to stand up and speak up for those who cannot stand up and speak for themselves; to fight for the rights of every person who has become a victim of the crime we call human trafficking.
- 2014 Global Trafficking in Persons report - full
- US State Department Trafficking in Persons Report 2014
- 3rd General report on GRETA's activities
- Walk Free Global Slavery Index 2013
- ILO: Marking progress against child labour: Global estimates and trends 2000-2012
- IOM: A Situational Analysis of Aruba's Response to Human Trafficking
- Report by OSCE Special Representative and Co-ordinator for Combating Trafficking in Human Beings, following her visit to Bosnia and Herzegovina, 12-14 June 2012
- Current Status of Victim Service Providers and Criminal Justice Actors in India on Anti-human Trafficking
- OSCE: Trafficking in human beings for the purpose of organ removal in the OSCE region
- OSCE: Trafficking in Human Beings Amounting to Torture and other Forms of Ill-treatment
- Report of the Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially women and children, Joy Ngozi Ezeilo
- Policy and legislative recommendations towards the effective implementation of the non-punishment provision with regard to victims of trafficking


text:
Tea will be served at 1:15 PM.
Immunology & Microbial Pathogenesis Program
Barbara Kee, PhD
Associate Professor, Department of Pathology
University of Chicago
Chicago, IL
This program is for the research community.
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Zuckerman Research Center
417 East 68th Street
Room ZRC-Auditorium
New York, NY 10065


text:
0 Members and 1 Guest are viewing this topic.
I'd like to see video of 300 pizza/hour. Even with 3 elite pizzaioli, I can't imagine that is possible. Even if the team was fast enough for that the oven would never recover. The oven floor would get very "cold". Hey, but if I'm wrong I'd love to see that!
Marco, with Franco Manca or any high volume pizzeria using a Neapolitan oven, what would you say is the maximum amount of heat loss (approx range in degrees) on the floor during the peak hours where the oven floor does not get any rest at all to recuperate?


text:
U.S.News & World Report has ranked us among America's top pediatric hospitals.
Our team helps ease the process for children and families.
You don't have to travel far from home to receive world-class care.
Against all odds, Ryan was born with ectopia cordis, where his heart develop outside of his chest. Watch his amazing story.


text:
POPSUGAR Pets London Zoo London Zoo Animals Get Early Christmas Presents! by Pets 12/17/09 0 Shares Like us on Facebook Previous Photo 1 of 21 View on One Page ADVERTISEMENT ( more slides) Next Share This Link Copy 1 London Zoo Animals Get Early Christmas Presents! Previous Photo 1 of 21 View on One Page ADVERTISEMENT ( more slides) Next Read More London ZooZoos Get inspired with our daily newsletter Sign up for our daily newsletter. Vegetarian Tech DIY Home Food Love & Sex Sign up with Link Love Sam Smith on his weight loss: "Food controlled me" — Us Weekly Charlize Theron doesn't want women to fear aging — HuffPost Celebrity Michael B. Jordan steals the spotlight in his latest project — Lainey Gossip Johnny Depp is facing even more personal issues — Dlisted All these celebrities turned it out for the Boston Marathon — ET Gwyneth Paltrow's divorce has been finalized — JustJared Arrow star Katie Cassidy flaunts her bikini body — Hollywood Tuna Feast your eyes on Rihanna's latest music video — Pink Is the New Blog Read the latest crazy rumor about Christina Aguilera — The Superficial Watch Dakota Fanning give her best Popeye impression — The Blemish Latest Pets
Unthinkable! Vet Poses With a Feral Cat She Shot Through the Head With a Bow and Arrow Catster 155 Shares
Charlize Theron On Aging: '[Women] Start To Feel Like We're Cut Flowers' Huffington Post 29.2K Shares