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McBURNEY v. YOUNG No. 11-1099.
667 F.3d 454 (2012)
Mark J. McBURNEY; Roger W. Hurlbert, Plaintiffs-Appellants, and Bonnie Stewart, Professor, Plaintiff, v. Nathaniel L. YOUNG, Deputy Commissioner and Director, Division of Child Support Enforcement, Commonwealth of Virginia; Thomas C. Little, Real Estate Assessment Division, Henrico County, Commonwealth of Virginia, Defendants-Appellees, and Hon. Kenneth T. Cuccinelli, II, Attorney General, Commonwealth of Virginia; Hon. Samuel A. Davis, Real Estate Assessment Division, Henrico County, Commonwealth of Virginia, Defendants. The Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press; American Society of News Editors; Association of Capitol Reporters and Editors; Citizen Media Law Project; The E.W. Scripps Company; First Amendment Coalition; Hearst Corporation; Magazine Publishers of America, Incorporated; Maryland D.C. Delaware Broadcasters Association; NBCUniversal Media, LLC; The National Press Club; National Press Photographers Association; NPR, Incorporated; Newspaper Association of America; The Newspaper Guild; North Jersey Media Group, Incorporated; Radio Television Digital News Association; Society of Professional Journalists; Student Press Law Center; Time, Incorporated; Virginia Coalition for Open Government; The Washington Post, Amici Supporting Appellants, Local Government Attorneys of Virginia, Incorporated; Virginia Municipal League; Virginia Association of Counties, Amici Supporting Appellees.
United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit.
Decided: February 1, 2012.
ARGUED: Leah Marie Nicholls , Institute for Public Representation, Georgetown University Law Center, Washington, DC, for Appellants. Earle Duncan Getchell, Jr. , Office of the Attorney General, Richmond, Virginia; Benjamin Adelbert Thorp, IV , Office of the County Attorney, Henrico, Virginia, for Appellees. ON BRIEF: Stephen W. Bricker , Bricker Law Firm, PC, Richmond, Virginia; Brian Wolfman , Institute for Public Representation, Georgetown University Law Center, Washington, DC, for Appellants. Kenneth T. Cuccinelli, II , Attorney General, Stephen R. McCullough , Senior Appellate Counsel, Craig M. Burshem , Senior Assistant Attorney General, Office of the Attorney General, Richmond, Virginia; Joseph P. Rapisarda, Jr. , County Attorney, Karen M. Adams , Senior Assistant County Attorney, Office of the County Attorney, Henrico, Virginia, for Appellees. Lucy A. Dalglish , Mark R. Caramanica , Christine L. Beckett , The Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press, Arlington, Virginia, for Amici Supporting Appellants; Kevin M. Goldberg , Fletcher, Heald & Hildreth, PLC, Arlington, Virginia, for American Society of News Editors, Association of Capitol Reporters and Editors, and Maryland D.C. Delaware Broadcasters Association; David Ardia , Citizen Media Law Project, Berkman Center for Internet & Society, Cambridge, Massachusetts, for Citizen Media Law Project; David M. Giles , Cincinnati, Ohio, for The E.W. Scripps Company; Peter Scheer , First Amendment Coalition, San Rafael, California, for First Amendment Coalition; Jonathan R. Donnellan , Hearst Corporation, New York, New York, for Hearst Corporation; Christopher J. Nolan , New York, New York, for Magazine Publishers of America, Incorporated; Beth R. Lobel , NBCUniversal Media, LLC, New York, New York, for NBCUniversal Media, LLC; Charles D. Tobin , Holland & Knight LLP, Washington, D.C., for The National Press Club; Mickey H. Osterreicher , Buffalo, New York, for National Press Photographers Association; Joyce Slocum , Denise Leary , Ashley Messenger , Washington, D.C., for NPR, Incorporated; Rene P. Milam , Arlington, Virginia, for Newspaper Association of America; Barbara L. Camens , Barr & Camens, Washington, D.C., for The Newspaper Guild-CWA; Jennifer Borg , General Counsel, North Jersey Media Group Inc., Hackensack, New Jersey, for North Jersey Media Group, Incorporated; Kathleen A. Kirby , Wiley Rein LLP, Washington, D.C., for Radio Television Digital News Association; Bruce W. Sanford , Bruce D. Brown , Laurie A. Babinski , Baker & Hostetler LLP, Washington, D.C., for Society of Professional Journalists; Frank D. LoMonte , Student Press Law Center, Arlington, Virginia, for Student Press Law Center; Andrew Lachow , Vice President and Deputy General Counsel-Litigation, Time Inc., New York, New York, for Time, Incorporated; Megan Rhyne , Virginia Coalition For Open Government, Williamsburg, Virginia, for Virginia Coalition for Open Government; Eric N. Lieberman , James A. McLaughlin , Washington, D.C., for The Washington Post, Amici Supporting Appellants. R. Lucas Hobbs , Elliott Lawson & Minor, PC, Bristol, Virginia, for Amici Supporting Appellees.
Affirmed by published opinion. Judge AGEE wrote the opinion, in which Judge NIEMEYER and Judge GREGORY joined.
AGEE, Circuit Judge:
Mark J. McBurney and Roger W. Hurlbert (collectively "Appellants") appeal the district court's award of summary judgment to the Deputy Commissioner and Director of the Division of Child Support Enforcement for the Commonwealth of Virginia and the Director of the Real Estate Assessment Division of Henrico County, Virginia (collectively "Appellees"). The district court held that Virginia's Freedom of Information Act, Va.Code Ann. § 2.2-3700 et seq. (2011), ("VFOIA") does not violate the Appellants' rights under the Privileges and Immunities Clause (U.S. Const. art. IV, § 2, cl. 1) or Hurlbert's rights under the dormant commerce clause of the United States Constitution. For the reasons set forth below, we affirm the judgment of the district court.
This case is before us for the second time. Our prior decision concerned certain
We begin by briefly setting out the statutory framework of the VFOIA because it is central to the proceedings in this case. In enacting the VFOIA, the Virginia General Assembly stated its purpose to:
Va.Code Ann. § 2.2-3700(B), para. 1. The statute provides, in relevant part:
Va.Code Ann. § 2.2-3704(A).
McBurney is a citizen of Rhode Island. He has ties to his former residence of Virginia through divorce, child custody, and child support decrees adjudicated in the Commonwealth.
When McBurney's former wife defaulted on child support obligations, he asked the Virginia Division of Child Support Enforcement ("DCSE") to file a petition for child support on his behalf. Although the petition was eventually filed and granted, there was a nine-month delay in his ability to collect child support payments. McBurney then filed a VFOIA request with the DCSE seeking, inter alia, "all emails, notes, files, memos, reports, policies, [and] opinions" pertaining to him, his son, and his ex-wife, as well as "all documents regarding his application for child support" and the handling of child support claims where one spouse resides in a foreign country. McBurney asserts the DCSE possessed documents that would assist him in determining how his petition was processed and why the delay occurred.
The DCSE denied McBurney's VFOIA request on the grounds that the information was confidential and protected under Va.Code Ann. §§ 63.2-102 and -103, and because McBurney was not a citizen of the Commonwealth of Virginia. A second substantively identical request was also denied by DCSE solely on the grounds that McBurney was not a citizen of the Commonwealth. While McBurney later sought and acquired most of the requested information under Virginia's Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act, Va.Code Ann. §§ 2.2-3800 et seq., he
Hurlbert is a citizen of California and the sole proprietor of Sage Information Services. Hurlbert is in the business of requesting real estate tax assessment records for his clients from state agencies across the United States, including Virginia. Hulbert filed a VFOIA request for assessment records for certain real estate parcels in Henrico County, Virginia with the Henrico County Real Estate Assessor's Office. Hurlbert's request was denied on the ground that he is not a citizen of the Commonwealth.
The Appellants subsequently filed an amended verified complaint in the District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia seeking declaratory and injunctive relief under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. In their complaint they pled that the "citizens-only provision [of VFOIA] impermissibily discriminates against [them] by denying them access to public records solely because [they] are not Virginia citizens." (J.A. 8A.) Relying on the Privileges and Immunities Clause, the Appellants asserted that VFOIA impermissibly denies them the "right to participate in Virginia's governmental and political processes" by barring them "from obtaining information from Virginia's government." (J.A. 15A-16A.)
Hurlbert also raised a separate claim alleging that VFOIA's citizens-only provision "violates the dormant Commerce Clause because it grants Virginia citizens an exclusive right of access to Virginia's public records" and thus "bar[s] [him] from pursuing any business stemming from Virginia public records on substantially equal terms with Virginia citizens." (J.A. 18A.)
As noted earlier, after deciding the preliminary matters concerning jurisdiction and justiciability, we remanded the case to the district court for consideration on the merits. Upon remand, the parties filed cross motions for summary judgment. The district court granted summary judgment to the Appellees, holding that VFOIA's citizens-only provision did not violate the Appellants' rights under the Privileges and Immunities Clause or Hurlbert's rights under the dormant Commerce Clause. McBurney v. Cuccinelli,
First, the district court held that the Appellants failed to show that VFOIA's citizens-only provision burdened a fundamental right protected by the Privileges and Immunities Clause. The court rejected two of the asserted rights, which it identified as access to government information and advocacy for one's own economic interests, as concepts that did not fall within the scope of the Privileges and Immunities Clause. Id. at 447-51.
Separately, the district court determined that Hurlbert was "engage[d] in a common calling within the meaning of the Privileges and Immunities Clause." Id. at 447. However, the district court found that the VFOIA did not infringe Hurlbert's right to pursue a common calling: "VFOIA's distinction between citizens and noncitizens is not a regulation of business and does not constitute discrimination pertaining to a common calling. The statute's effect on Hurlbert's ability to practice his common calling is merely incidental." Id.
The district court also noted that VFOIA did not infringe McBurney's ability to access Virginia's courts because "if McBurney were to file a lawsuit in Virginia, he would be treated the same as a citizen litigant." Id. at 449. Distinguishing the fundamental right of access to courts under the Privileges and Immunities Clause from the sort of claim McBurney asserted, the district court noted that
Because the district court concluded VFOIA did not violate the Appellants' fundamental rights under the Privileges and Immunities Clause, it did "not reach the issues of whether Virginia has a substantial reason for discriminating against noncitizens with respect to requesting public records or whether the discrimination bears a substantial relationship to the state's objectives," both of which would also have been necessary for the Appellants' claims to succeed. Id. at 451.
The district court then turned to Hurlbert's contention that VFOIA violates the dormant commerce clause because it negatively impacts his ability to pursue his business in Virginia on substantially equal terms as Virginia citizens. Because the "VFOIA does not implicate principles of economic protectionism" and its "purpose is not to protect in-state business, but, instead, ... to hold government officials accountable and prevent secrecy in government," the court rejected this argument. Id. at 453. The district court concluded that while the VFOIA "may have some incidental impact on out-of-state business, the goal is not to favor Virginia business over non-Virginia business" and thus the statute did not violate the dormant Commerce Clause. Id.
Having found no infringement of either the Appellants' rights under the Privileges and Immunities Clause or Hurlbert's rights under the dormant Commerce Clause, the district court granted the Appellees' motion for summary judgment.
The Appellants noted a timely appeal and we have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291.
Raising the same arguments they did in the district court, the Appellants appeal the district court's rejection of their claim that the VFOIA's citizens-only provision violates the Privileges and Immunities Clause.
We review the constitutionality of a statute de novo, McLaughlin v. N.C. Bd. of Elections,
A. The Privileges and Immunities Clause
The Privileges and Immunities Clause of Article IV of the United States Constitution provides: "The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities
The Supreme Court has articulated a two-step inquiry to determine whether "claims that a citizenship or residency classification offends privileges and immunities protections." Supreme Court of Va. v. Friedman,
Id. at 64-65, 108 S.Ct. 2260 (internal citations and quotation marks omitted).
Although the Privileges and Immunities Clause "establishes a norm of comity," it does not "specify[ ] the particular subjects as to which citizens of one State coming within the jurisdiction of another are guaranteed equality of treatment." Austin v. New Hampshire,
Significantly, the "fundamental rights" protected under the Privileges and Immunities Clause are not identical to the "fundamental rights" protected by other constitutional provisions and cover a much narrower range of activity. The Privileges and Immunities Clause is geared toward
Paul, 75 U.S. (8 Wall.) at 180. As a result, the Supreme Court's jurisprudence has recognized that states are permitted to distinguish between residents and nonresidents so long as those distinctions do not "hinder the formation, the purpose, or the development of a single Union of those States. Only with respect to those `privileges' and `immunities' bearing upon the
In arguing for reversal of the grant of summary judgment to the Appellees, the Appellants contend the VFOIA infringes on rights they identify as "equal access to information," "equal access to courts,"
1. The Right to Pursue a Common Calling
Hurlbert contends the VFOIA unduly burdens his right to pursue a common calling because it prevents him from practicing his trade, which he defines as obtaining records related to real property on behalf of his clients, in Virginia. Even though the VFOIA does not regulate professions, Hurlbert asserts the statute nonetheless burdens his right to pursue a common calling because it prevents him from using his primary means of acquiring government records, that is, by personally filing a freedom of information act request. He further asserts the district court erred in concluding VFOIA did not impermissibly infringe on his claimed fundamental right because any effect was "merely incidental." This is so, Hurlbert contends, because upon showing any burden to a fundamental right protected by the Privileges and Immunities Clause, the analysis shifts to whether the state can justify its action.
The ability to pursue one's profession or "common calling" is one of the limited number of foundational rights protected under the Privileges and Immunities Clause. Toomer v. Witsell,
In each instance cited above, the provision at issue directly prohibited, restricted, or otherwise regulated the ability of a nonresident to engage in a certain profession or trade within the state. Each such regulatory enactment was specifically directed at a commercial activity and differentiated between residents and nonresidents solely as to the conduct of that commercial activity. This fact fundamentally distinguishes the typical provision that implicates the Privileges and Immunities Clause in the context of a common calling from the statute at issue here.
The VFOIA does not regulate anyone's qualifications or prerequisites to enter into or engage in any profession or trade within Virginia. It does not act as a wholesale barrier to entering a business, nor does it establish a license, fee, or other burden to nonresidents entering or engaging in a profession. On its face, it is clear the VFOIA addresses no business, profession, or trade. Simply put, there is something inherently and qualitatively different about the VFOIA as compared to any of the provisions considered by the Supreme Court in the context of the Privileges and Immunities Clause's right to pursue a common calling.
Indeed, no Supreme Court case or precedent within this Circuit has ever held that a statute whose purpose and language is unrelated to engaging in a particular profession, trade, or livelihood implicates the right to pursue one's common calling for purposes of the Privileges and Immunities Clause. Hurlbert nonetheless contends that because he is unable to file VFOIA requests on behalf of his clients while Virginia residents could do so for their clients, the VFOIA's citizens-only provision implicates nonresidents' (and specifically his own) right to pursue a common calling. At bottom, Hurlbert argues that even if the multiple thousands of VFOIA requests annually are unrelated to a common calling, the single instance of a tangential effect on him is sufficient to invalidate the VFOIA's citizens-only provision. We disagree.
While it may be true that VFOIA coincidentally limits a method by which Hurlbert conducts some of his business, it does not follow that the VFOIA impermissibly burdens his ability to pursue his common calling within the Commonwealth in a Privileges and Immunities Clause context. As the district court found, "[t]he statute's
Nothing in the language of the VFOIA prohibits Hurlbert from pursuing his profession in Virginia, or regulates his ability as a noncitizen to enter or engage in business there. Any effect on Hurlbert by the VFOIA is by happenstance; a circumstance never recognized by the Supreme Court in its Privileges and Immunities Clause case law. While the Supreme Court's jurisprudence recognizes that burdens short of a "wholesale restriction[]" fall within the right to pursue a common calling, no case has ever struck down a statute or regulation with such an indirect and tangential relationship to the practice of a trade or profession. See Friedman v. Supreme Court of Va.,
2. Other Claimed Privileges and Immunities Clause Rights
To support their contention that VFOIA infringes a protected right they enunciate as "equal access to information," the Appellants rely on the Third Circuit's decision in Lee v. Minner,
Appellants' reliance on Lee is misplaced for at least two reasons. First, as out-of-circuit authority, it is not binding on this Court. Although the Third Circuit traced its analysis to general principles from Privileges and Immunities Clause jurisprudence, the specific right that Lee identified is not one previously recognized by the Supreme Court, or any other court, as an activity within the scope of the Privileges and Immunities Clause. Second, even were we to follow Lee's rationale, that case is materially distinguishable from the situation presented by the Appellants. The right identified in Lee—"to engage in the political process with regard to matters of both national political and economic importance," id. at 199—is not the same right the Appellants advance. By contrast, the Appellants want access to information of personal import rather than information to advance the interests of other citizens or the nation as a whole, or that is of political or economic importance. Thus, the "right" the Third Circuit identified in Lee, and the basis for concluding it implicates the Privileges and Immunities Clause, does not apply to the case at bar. The Appellants
To the extent Appellants urge us to adopt the position that there is a "broad right of access to information" stemming from the policy of open government undergirding freedom of information acts generally and grounded in "the First Amendment's guarantees of free speech and free press," we are similarly not persuaded. (Cf. Opening Br. 25.) While the Appellants may well be correct that access to public records is of "increasing importance... in the information age," that assertion misses the salient inquiry. (See Opening Br. 26 (citation omitted).)
The Supreme Court's Privileges and Immunities Clause jurisprudence simply does not lead to the conclusion Appellants advance. As the Supreme Court in Baldwin observed:
436 U.S. at 383, 98 S.Ct. 1852 (internal citations omitted). Access to a state's records simply does not "bear[ ] upon the vitality of the Nation as a single entity" such that VFOIA's citizen-only provision implicates the Privileges and Immunities Clause. Cf. id.
A sidebar to this argument is McBurney's assertion that the VFOIA burdens his "ability to advocate for his interests and the interests of others similarly situated." (Opening Br. 26.) McBurney claims on brief that the district court read his VFOIA request too narrowly and that because he sought documents regarding DCSE processing of child support cases generally, and not just as related to his own case, he was not permitted to "take part in an interstate dialogue regarding state child support practices that directly affect his life and income, as well as the life and income of others." (Opening Br. 27.)
However, McBurney's complaint belies his assertion on appeal that he was attempting to advance an interest beyond his personal one. In the complaint, McBurney only asserted a Privileges and Immunities Clause claim on his own behalf, noting that without the information he sought, he cannot "participate in Virginia's governmental and political processes," "cannot advocate effectively on his own behalf, cannot invoke any of Virginia's dispute resolution procedures for dispute resolution, and cannot resolve the issues surrounding his child support application." (J.A. 15A-17A.) McBurney did not purport to be acting on behalf of others similarly situated,
McBurney's argument rests then on the assertion of a right "to advocate for his interests," a right that has not directly been recognized under the Privileges and Immunities Clause. To the extent McBurney's argument encompasses a general right of access to public records, that argument fails for the reasons set forth previously. To the extent it overlaps with a right to access to courts, that argument fails for the reasons set forth below. In addition, and contrary to McBurney's contention, the VFOIA's citizen's-only provision does not bar him from engaging in the political process, advocating his own interests, or advancing his political or legal arguments within the Commonwealth. For all of these reasons, we also reject McBurney's argument that VFOIA impermissibly restricts his ability to advocate his own and others' interests.
Appellants next contend that VFOIA implicates their "right of equal access to courts" because "VFOIA denies noncitizens access to public records needed to prepare and file meaningful legal papers in suits against Virginia public officials." (Opening Br. 28.) However, what the Appellants invoke is something much different than any court access right previously recognized under the Privileges and Immunities Clause.
The Supreme Court has long held that the Privileges and Immunities Clause protects the right of a citizen of one state to access the courts of another state. Canadian N. Railway Co. v. Eggen,
Citing Pruitt, the Appellants also assert that VFOIA infringes on their "ability to pursue their economic interests on equal footing with Virginia residents." (Opening Br. 29.) But Pruitt is a common calling case and does not set forth some novel generic right to pursue "economic interests" under the Privileges and Immunities Clause. 4 F.3d at 266. Appellants' arguments related to a right to pursue economic interests largely mirror the arguments they make with regard to other rights—for McBurney, the ability to access courts on equal footing as Virginia citizens, and for Hurlbert, the right to pursue a common calling. We find no support in the relevant case law to identify a new right to pursue economic interests within the ambit of the Privileges and Immunities Clause. Accordingly, this argument also fails.
For the foregoing reasons, we conclude the district court did not err in concluding that the VFOIA does not infringe on any of the Appellants' fundamental rights or privileges protected by the Privileges and Immunities Clause. Accordingly, we need
B. Dormant Commerce Clause
Hurlbert lastly contends the district court erred in concluding the citizens-only provision of VFOIA does not violate the dormant Commerce Clause. Dormant Commerce Clause jurisprudence arises as a "negative implication" of the Constitution's Commerce Clause, U.S. Const. art. I, § 8, cl. 3, which empowers Congress "[t]o regulate Commerce ... among the several States." See Dep't of Revenue of Ky. v. Davis, 553 U.S. 328, 337,
There are two "tiers" in analyzing dormant Commerce Clause claims, depending on the type of burden at issue. The first tier applies "where a state law discriminates facially, in its practical effect, or in its purpose" against interstate commerce. Envtl. Tech. Council v. Sierra Club,
The second tier of dormant Commerce Clause analysis is commonly called the Pike test. See Pike v. Bruce Church, Inc.,
Hurlbert asserts that the district court erred in applying the second tier analysis instead of first tier analysis, and that under the first tier analysis, VFOIA violates the dormant Commerce Clause. Hurlbert contends VFOIA is per se unconstitutional
Hurlbert's argument fails because it is not enough that a statute discriminates on the basis of citizenship for it to offend dormant Commerce Clause principles. Rather, the challenged statute must discriminate "against interstate commerce" or "out-of-state economic interests." Cf. United Haulers Ass'n, 550 U.S. at 338,
Any effect on commerce is incidental and unrelated to the actual language of VFOIA or its citizens-only provision. As we have previously observed:
Brown, 561 F.3d at 364 (internal citations omitted) (second emphasis added). Nothing in VFOIA burdens "the flow of interstate commerce." At most, it prevents Hurlbert from using his "chosen way of doing business," but it does not prevent him from engaging in business in the Commonwealth. The VFOIA simply does not fall within the type of provision to which the first tier test of analyzing dormant Commerce Clause claims applies. Hurlbert's argument that the district court erred in applying the second tier, rather than first tier, analysis thus fails.
Significantly, Hurlbert's opening brief does not challenge the district court's application
For the reasons set forth above, we affirm the district court's judgment.
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The Kentucky born publisher of the well known porno magazine "Hustler", also famous for winning a supreme court case against the fat and moronic reverend jerry fallwell.
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29 Tháng tư, 2004
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A super pimp. The man who puts Hue Hefner to shame (although Hue does get points for his new "Girls next door" girlfriends). The man in the Golden Wheelchair. So lightening fast that after 2 years of working in the Flynt Publications building I still havn't seen him. Hence the "Super" in "Super Pimp"
it's a bird! Its a Plane! It's Larry Flynt!
viết bởi insight from the inside
25 Tháng một, 2012
Media-dubbed moral authority on free speech by virtue of a March 6, 1978, assassination attempt on his life by a Georgia racist that left him wheelchair-bound. This status has earned him the right as a pornographic magazine publisher to preach in the media against intolerance from time to time as stories similar to his own have received public attention.
viết bởi mta3000
13 Tháng ba, 2010


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Graduel Christopher Darin Carter
Position: WR
Height: 6-3 Weight: 202 lbs.
Born: November 25, 1965 in Troy, OH
High School: Middletown
College: Ohio St. (school history) (Carter college stats)
Drafted by the Philadelphia Eagles in the 4th round (3rd overall) of the 1987 NFL Supplemental Draft.
Weighted Career AV (100-95-...): 98 (137th overall since 1950)
8-time Pro Bowler & 2-time First-Team All-Pro (fine print)
Inducted into Hall of Fame in 2013, finalist in 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012
Other SR Links: College Football at Sports-Reference.com
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Output includes all games from 1920 to 2014.


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For the price I thought this would be a "polyestery" looking bedskirt. It actually feels like a fine, high thread count cotton! And, looks much better than in the picture. Just took a little steaming to get it perfect. Good news too, it has a 2" hem, so with some effort it could be made longer. Luckily for me it works just as it is. I didn't want to spend a lot for a bedskirt since it's for a spare bedroom. I was expecting a mediocre product and ended up with something quite nice!! Overstock.com - you really should change the horrible picture - especially since this is supposed to be a "wrinkle-resistant" product.
This bedskirt is very nice! I like the microfiber because it came of of the drier without wrinkles. The only drawback is that it's thin so you see the metal bedframe through it.
Put on bed a s soon as it arrived. Looks great with no ironing. Have already ordered another for the guest room.
I have had this only a few months and it is shredded. No one touches it. I have no animals I live alone, how does this happen? Do not buy.
This microfiber bedskirt is very good quality. I would only suggest that the manufacturer make slits at the bottom corners to allow for footboards. We had to use a scissors and cut the bedskirt to fit properly. But otherwise, we are very happy with the product.
Not quality expected but that's my fault for trying to go cheap. Threw it away after a month & upgraded
I feel kind of dumb rating a bedskirt, but I really do love this. ***possible minor grossness alert*** When I was gone for a month, my petsitter didn't notice that my dog decided to use this as a place to spray, for lack of a better word. It was smelly and stiff with dog pee. I was horrified, but tossed it in the machine on hot and....presto! Good as new. I also love how soft and thin it is, probably because of the microfiber. I got black, so it's hard to rate color, but I hope they're still around when I re-do my bedroom!
The material is thick but definitely not wrinkle resistant. Also, the sage isn't quite the shade I had expected but it is still fine. I like the way it fits on the bed. Nice and flat and it stays in place well.
This bedskirt is just as bright and colorful as I hoped it would be ! The wrinkles ironed out very easily and it is a great accent color at the bottom of the bed. Appears very well made. Should enjoy it for years !! Thank you Overstock !
This bedskirt is nice and soft, isn't a wrinkled mess like some of the really expensive ones I've had, but most of all the color is just right. I wasn't able to find the brick color anywhere else. I works perfectly for several of my quilts and spreads and is so reasonably priced. Thanks Overstock.
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Prices and availability are subject to change from the time and date that you print this page.
4/26/2015 3:37:30 PM. For Customer Service, please call
Nod Exclusive
Welcome to our annual Tulip Festival Bedding. On it, you'll find a field of printed pastel tulips and polka dots designed by our friends at Paper and Cloth. Each set is made from soft, 100% cotton percale and is also available as Toddler or Crib Bedding.


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Implementation of ALE Moving Mesh for Transient Modeling of Nanowire Trajectories Caused by Electrokinetic Forces
S.M. Davison, and K.V. SharpPennsylvania State University
Moving nanowires through microfluidic channels under electrokinetic forces can be a valuable technique to aid in the fabrication of certain devices.
The trajectories of a nanowire under the influence of an externally applied electric field have been modelled through a straight channel, through a converging channel, and around a 90° corner.
In a straight channel, a nanowire initially angled to the horizontal will rotate and translate vertically in an oscillatory pattern. This oscillatory motion is reduced if the nanowire passes through a converging section. The trajectory of a nanowire after it passes through a 90° corner is independent of the initial angle, indicating the potential usefulness of corners in a fluid suspension control system.


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POLLY POCKET® Ultimate Wall Party™ Gift Set
Item #: BCD81
Was: $94.99Now: $46.50
Enjoy free shipping on all orders of $60+!More Promotion Details
Polly® doll and her friends can spend a shopping day enjoying all sorts of adventures because they shop at the ultimate mall--on the wall!
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- Details
This mall really elevates play by attaching to the wall—with included safe-for-walls Command® strips from 3M—while suction cups keep small pieces in place. Girls can start in the boutique, then take a break with a ride on the Ferris wheel and then slide down a twisting slide that lands in the food court. Shoppers can take the real working escalator to the Electronics Store, the Candy Shop, the Cookie Bar, the Boutique, and the Salon with its nail and hair stations. Each store or station comes with fun accessories and doll. Candy machine, handbags, pets and pet toys, blender, cookie trays, shampoo, nail care tools, shampoo, clothes and jewelry. . . and more! So many things to play with! It's a complete and colorful day at the mall.
- Girls can customize Polly® doll's world any way they want
- Each set easily and safely attaches to the wall
- Connect the sets with zip lines, slides, and lift for countless combinations
- CCool, colorful designs look great as room décor
- Lots of imaginative playtime for girls
Battery Required: No | Batteries Included: No
Assembly Required: Yes
Warranty: Yes
Age Grade: 4 & up
Legal Legend: 3M and Command are trademarks of 3M. © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved.
Country of Origin: Imported


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First & 10
Roger Brown's First & 10: Decisions, decisions for Exeter Coach Ball
Ball elected to quick kick from his own end zone on a third-down play in the first quarter, and kept his offense on the field for a fourth-and-one play from the Exeter 28-yard line with just over two minutes to play in the first half.
Ball's gamble on fourth down paid a huge dividend, however. Halfback Ryan Kelly found enough room over right tackle to pick up the first down, and on the next play fullback Jay Inzenga scored on a 71-yard run. Matt Oppici's kick made it a 14-14 contest with 2:13 remaining in the first half.
"If we have it, they don't," Ball said, when asked about the decision not to punt on fourth down. "And if we have it, he's not throwing it. Have to keep the real good quarterbacks off the field. That's always our game plan. Limit their snaps."
"I really wanted to see how tough we are physically because we knew we have skilled people," Winnacunnet coach Ron Aufffant said. "We have athletes, that's obvious. We battled against one of the most physical teams — if not the most physical team — in the state. I think we answered that call."
The poll also includes No. 7 Trinity of Manchester (3-0), No. 8 Bishop Guertin of Nashua (2-1) and No. 9 Plymouth (3-0). There's a three-way tie between Londonderry (2-1), Portsmouth (2-1) and Spaulding of Rochester for the 10th spot.
BG, Portsmouth and Spaulding are in the top 10 for the first time this season. Keene (1-2), which was seventh in last week's poll, dropped out of the top 10 following a 14-12 loss to BG.
NO TEAM turned in a more dominating performance last weekend than Concord, which breezed to a 55-0 victory over previously unbeaten Merrimack.
Concord scored 42 points in the first half, and held a Merrimack team that put up 100 points in its first two games — the most of any team in the state — to 105 yards of net offense.
THERE ARE several attractive games on this weekend's schedule, but none with more appeal than the Saturday Division II matchup between Plymouth and Trinity at Gill Stadium (4:30 p.m.). Each team will enter the game with a 3-0 record.
Sept. 23, 2013
The top 10 high school football teams in New Hampshire, as voted by the staffs of the New Hampshire Union Leader, WGIR AM and FM, and WMUR-TV after Week 3 of the 2013 NHIAA season, with first-place votes/points in parentheses:
1. Exeter, 3-0 (3/55)
2. Concord, 3-0 (1/54)
3. Bedford, 3-0 (2/53)
4. Nashua South, 3-0 (41)
5. Pinkerton, 2-1 (34)
6. Winnacunnet, 2-1 (30)
7. Trinity, 3-0 (24)
8. Bishop Guertin, 2-1 (15)
9. Plymouth, 3-0 (12)
10 (tie). Londonderry, 2-1 (4)
10 (tie). Portsmouth, 3-0 (4)
10 (tie). Spaulding, 2-1 (4)
Roger Brown covers high school football for the New Hampshire Union Leader and Sunday News. He can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com. Follow him on Twitter: @603sportsmedia


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Your satisfaction with our products and services is our utmost concern and Victorinox Swiss Army strives to provide a high level of service. By selecting one of our authorized dealers you can be confident of receiving an authentic quality product with the full Victorinox Swiss Army 3 year's limited warranty and the service you expect.
This requires Victorinox Swiss Army to preserve your interests by warning you against unauthorized dealers and internet sales offering timepieces of dubious origin, second hand product and any risk of fraud, particularly relating to counterfeits.
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Item #: 241538
Color : White
Your Price:
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Chrono Classic Ceramic
Item Number | : 241538 |
Discreet yet generous, this chronograph captivates onlookers thanks to the quality of its materials and its well-balanced proportions. Stretching from one horn to the next in a dynamic curve, the case's profile is characterized by its fluidity. |


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The benefits of omega 3 are becoming increasingly well known, with over 20,000 scientific studies published to date. However, the science surrounding this essential fatty acid is often complicated and confusing to the consumer.
Join Croda's nutritional expert Greg Weatherhead as he explains the benefits of high potency concentrated omega 3 versus regular fish oil, as well as reviewing the scientific evidence for their benefits to human health.
Greg Weatherhead
Nutritional Applications Scientist
Jonathon Sy
Marketing Manager
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Skip to main content
If the below recording does not begin automatically, click the arrow. Click Fullscreen button in interface below to watch recording in your full screen. To view the controls, move your mouse anywhere over the video then move to the control interface at the bottom of the video. Please note, you will not need an access code; those directions, if mentioned, are for live event participants.
Elisabeth Williams, PHA's Grassroots Campaigns Associate
As PHA's Grassroots Campaigns Associate, Elisabeth works to build volunteer membership in the 435 Campaign (legislative advocacy) PHAware Campaign (media outreach) and support current Campaign members in their communications with their Members of Congress and the media. Elisabeth is available to provide resources, advice and support to anyone interested in PH advocacy or media awareness. Elisabeth also coordinates the collection of PH community stories through Our Journeys.
Kimberlee Ford, Support Group Leader, Generation Hope Member and PH Awareness Raiser
Kimberlee Ford was diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary hypertension in July 2009. She is the support group leader for the Capital Breathers (Silver Spring, MD and Washington, DC) support groups. Kimberlee is very active in the PH community; a member of Generation Hope and one of the two administrators for a patient led Facebook group "PH Family." She enjoys volunteering at PHA headquarters and being an advocate for PH awareness.


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Genuine Leather Palm-Sized Wallet ends rummaging around for credit cards, gas card, license, receipts! Eleven expandable accordion folds hold all cards in plain view, while 3 separate sections hide cash, loose change, business cards, tickets and more. Exterior window pocket displays ID or a photo. Both sides zip to close, open one at a time as needed. 4" x 3½" x 1½".
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What Arsenal fans think about RVP moving to UTD: Originally Posted by akbar There is a difference between playing shit and being shit. You said I think RVP is shit, where I'm saying he'll play shit... His ability will still be there but it just won't have a bug effect on UTD. Oh akbar....
Recently Played (out of ten): Mario Kart 8 (Wii U)- 9.5 Wolfenstein: The New Order (PS4)- 8 Shovel Knight (Wii U)- 9 The Last Of Us: Remastered (PS4)- 10 Kirby: Triple Deluxe (3DS)- 8.5
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Bathroom Escape
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Avalon Escapeby KibaGames.com
Use your wits to escape a mysterious and dangerous dungeon! Find the appropriate items in the room to piece together your getaway and free yourself. Can you make it through to the end and find your way?
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Avalon Escape


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Kellogg team wins second place at 2015 BAHM competition Learn more
Tim Calkins, Clinical Professor of Marketing, debriefing the case after all the teams presented at the 2015 Biotech and Healthcare Case Competition. Photo © Jennifer Whitley
Read the January 2015 Health Enterprise Management Newsletter for news of the past season's HEMA events, faculty and alumni accolades, upcoming events and more. Go to the newsletter
Maryland Health Connection Executive Director Carolyn Quattrocki WCAS '81 speaks to the crowd at Kellogg's health care symposium on Sept. 4. Read the article
Professor Leemore Dafny's recent research is featured in Kellogg Insight in the article, More Insurers, Lower Premiums? Evidence from U.S. health insurance marketplaces
The Obama administration named Kevin J. Counihan '02, who ran Connecticut's successful health insurance marketplace, as the chief executive of the federal marketplace serving consumers in 36 states.. Read the article in The New York Times
Recent research about health spending by Professors Craig Garthwaite and David Dranove, published in Health Affairs. Read the press release with a link to the full study
Prof. Leemore Dafny recenlty returned to teaching after spending a year in Washington D.C. fulfilling her appointment as the FTC's first Deputy Director for Healthcare and Antitrust, in the agency's Bureau of Economics. Read more in the Kellogg Insight article "A Year at the FTC"
Kellogg alumni navigate the FDA's approval process for medical technology
Qualcomm Life Chief Medical Officer James Mault discusses the business lessons hospitals can take from taxicabs, airlines and coffee shops
Five lessons learned from Kellogg's state health insurance marketplace symposium
More Kellogg News
May 08, 2015, 8:30 AM
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Jacksonville Jaguars Gear
Jacksonville Jaguars Kids
Jacksonville Jaguars Kids Youth
Jacksonville Jaguars Kids Youth T-Shirts
(44 items)
Product ID: 1378979
Main Content
This item ships within one business day.
Order as many items as you like with our $4.99 flat rate shipping.
Need it faster?
Your young Jacksonville fan loves seeing the Jaguars in the spotlight. Whether it's under the lights of an evening game or on TV after a big win, he can't stop basking in Jags fanaticism. Let him show off his team pride with this Reflection T-shirt that features the team name, logo and helmet under stadium lights printed on the front.
- 100% Cotton
- Imported
- Officially licensed NFL product
- Rib-knit collar
- Screen print graphics
- Tagless
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Customized items can be personalized with options such as your name, your favorite
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[Linked to Design #384683]inner concept 2 J.S.
You must login to view this design This design has been submitted to a Private Project. To gain access to the design you must first log in using your DesignCrowd account. Login here or register here if you are new to DesignCrowd. If you are already logged in and viewing this message - try refreshing the page in your web browser.


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Still making stuff up? I'm not even an NVIDIA user, in fact I've said it more than one times, but whatever. Getting Intel is not enough to solve any problems I, nouveau or radeon may have ..
I may not be funny, but you certainly are.
Keep derailing everything.
Let's see .. How many arguments you really made on topic, other than that NVIDIA are nazis?
Nah, why make any, you can just derail everything.
Ruin my dream? So I guess you'd such stuff that seriously? lol
Do you know what a naive dream is? That NVIDIA/INTEL/AMD will open everything out of the blue. They need a darn good reason to do so, and I don't see them having a good enough right now.
So in the end would you be a troll, stupid or one of those elite free people who just want to be in an "elite minority"?
So you'd want free software to be inaccessible to most then, makes sense. If not, think about how people would have more free software than what they have, and what moves would actually achieve it.


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November 8, 1972 The Honorable Wilmer Mizell House of Representatives Washington, D.C. Dear Wilmer: I congratulate you sincerely on your impressive victory. I have tried, as I know you have, to keep our contest on an impersonal basis, and I trust that the occasional points of tension that are inevitable in any race will not be construed by others to have impaired our friendship. While our differences in some policy matters are substantial, I think you will agree that we found some important points of agreement. I refer, for example, to the New River problem. I will be glad to help you carry out your pledge to prevent the construction of the dams. If there is any other undertaking affecting the common interests of the 5th District in which you think I might be helpful, I am at your command. With all good wishes, I am, Sincerely, Brooks Hays BH:ds
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Waldorf School of Princeton's highly structured, well-rounded curriculum carefully integrates arts and sciences, teaching students how to become creative, balanced, socially responsible boys and girls who love to learn. At each level, our instruction corresponds to stages of human development, as we awaken and guide each student's innate sense of wonder and steer the learning process from spark to flame.
Copyright © 2011 Waldorf School of Princeton All Rights Reserved 1062 Cherry Hill Road, Princeton, NJ 08540 609-466-1970 Contact Us Site Map


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The Groovy Series is an audio lecture on Groovy and is part of the Grails Podcast. The episodes are produced by Dierk König (Lead author of the book Groovy in Action) and Sven Haiges. You will find complementary information about the topics below in Dierk's Book and we mention the page numbers at the beginning of each series to help you find the right chapters.
Code Examples at snipplr.com
The code examples that we discuss in the podcasts are posted to snipplr.com, you can find all code snippets here. Please note that we cannot change the code snippets once they are published (we would run into problems with mentioned line numbers in the podcast), but you are invited to post comments. Simply log in to snipplr and leave us some feedback.
Current Groovy Series Planning
This is a rough plan and we might switch topics, add or delete at any time. The Groovy Series Episodes will be part of the Grails Podcast and published between regular episodes. You can subscribe to the podcast feed via: http://hansamann.podspot.de/rss. Once the podcast episodes are released, you can click the title links to download the mp3 files manually, too.
- Strings & GStrings (direct mp3)
- Regular Expressions (planned for march)
- Numbers (planned)
- Snippet 1/1: http://snipplr.com/view/2093/groovy-series-numbers/
- Ranges
- Lists
- Maps
- Background on Groovy Typing
- Groovy Control Structures
- Closures
- Classes / Objects / Scripts
- GroovyBeans (incl. Expando)
- GPath & Co
- Builders
- GDK - Working with Objects
- GDK - Files & I/O
- GDP - Threads and Processes
- Java Integration
- DB Programming with Groovy
- XML Part 1 / XML Standalone
- XML Distributed (RSS, ATOM, REST)


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I have been operating an engineering prototype business since 2002. Up to now we have had to farm out our large CNC projects to others. We have a small table top machine, but it is very limited in workpiece volume. We have addressed this issue, and can now handle large projects in our shop. The business, Precision Pattern and Prototype, has just aquired a very nice 3 axis CNC mill. In addition to that, I am opening up my glass shop for outside work, as well. If you have a kit or prototype that you would like to manufacture or produce, we can fabricate any part or all of it. We can also perform all of your production mold needs and/or glass work. We work in metals, plastics, and other castable and machineable mediums.
We are, also, a full blown prototype engineering shop with the very latest in CAD/CAM capabilities. We will work with you to perfect and produce your prototypes to bring your ideas to production. We have a degreed, and licensed Mechanical engineer on staff with 25+ years of design experience. We can take care of the most demanding design projects as well as the small one-off type project. Our rates are very reasonable and flexible.


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Summary/Annotation ->
Praise for RITA-nominated Lady Sophie's Christmas Wish :
"An extraordinary, precious, unforgettable holiday story."-- RT Book Reviews , 4½ stars, Top Pick of the Month, Best Historical Romance, RT Book Reviews 2011 Reviewers' Choice Awards
'Tis the Season for Scandal...
Years ago Lady Louisa Windham acted rashly on a dare from her brother, and that indiscretion is about to come to light. She knows her reputation will never survive exposure. Just as she's nearly overwhelmed by her dilemma, Sir Joseph Carrington offers himself to her as a solution...
But Sir Joseph has secrets as well, and as he and Louisa become entangled with each other, their deceptions begin to close in on them both...
More praise for Lady Sophie's Christmas Wish :
"My Christmas wish for you is that Santa brings you this book...a joyful sensual read."-- USA Today Happy Ever After
"Supremely sexy, emotionally involving, and graced with well-written dialogue...a fascinating, enjoyable read."-- Library Journal
"Burrowes continues to write outside the usual Regency box with strong characters and humor similar to Amanda Quick's."-- Booklist
Location | Call Number | Item Type | Volume | Barcode | Status |
Hollis | FIC Burrowes | Adult Paperback | 0228563221198 | Available | |
Queens Village | FIC Burrowes | Adult Paperback | 0228563477089 | Available | |
Forest Hills | FIC Burrowes | Adult Paperback | 0228565121040 | Available |


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Andrew Luck, Colts waste no time with 35-yard flea flicker
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Tampa Bay Buccaneers Apparel, Jerseys & Gear
The Bucs are set up for success after drafting Jameis Winston first overall in the NFL Draft. Get excited for the season with a Jameis Winston Jersey from our NFL Shop now! Cheer your Buccaneers on to victory after victory with any of the gear, merchandise and apparel available at the Tampa Bay Buccaneers store on Fanatics.com! Browse our most popular collections of Buccaneers apparel, like Tampa Bay Buccaneers jerseys, hats, t-shirts and sweatshirts and find everything you need to root your team on in style. We offer a wide selection of merchandise and apparel, featuring popular Buccaneers vintage clothing. Whether you want to decorate your home or office in your favorite Buccaneers colors or would like to collect limited edition Buccaneers memorabilia, we offer a huge selection of the finest Buccaneers merchandise to choose from. Shop our entire Tampa Bay Buccaneers shop today and order the gear and apparel that you or another Buccaneers fan would love to own. And don't forget to check back later for the latest arrivals that will be added!
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Jameis Winston Tampa Bay Buccaneers Nike 2015 NFL Draft 1st Overall Pick Game Jersey - Red
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Tampa Bay Buccaneers Store: Shop Buccaneers Merchandise
Browse and shop Fanatics today for your #1 online source for Tampa Bay Buccaneers gear, merchandise and apparel! With some of the best brands around like Nike, '47 Brand and New Era, you have found the best inventory of Buccaneers apparel that you can find online! But don't stop at just apparel! Our Tampa Bay Buccaneers shop offers a wide range of Buccaneers merchandise and collectibles to decorate your surroundings and show your Buccaneers pride to everyone you know!
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Capital Markets
Company Overview of RRE Ventures LLC
Executive Profile
James D. Robinson IIICo-Founder, Founding General Partner, General Partner, and Managing Partner , RRE Ventures LLC |
Age | Total Calculated Compensation | This person is connected to 15 Board Members in 15 different organizations across 23 different industries. See Board Relationships |
79 | -- |
Mr. James D. Robinson, III, also known as Jimmy, is a Co-Founder, Founding General Partner, General Partner and Managing Partner at RRE Ventures, LLC. Mr. Robinson serves as President at J. D. Robinson, Inc. Mr. Robinson served as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer at American Express Company from 1977 to 1993. Prior to that, he held several executive positions within American Express, was a general partner with White Weld & Co., and served as Assistant to the Chairman ...
Corporate Headquarters130 East 59th Street Phone: 212-418-5100New York City, New York 10022 United States Fax: -- Board Members MembershipsFormer Director Director Former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Director Advisor Director Former Director Former Director Director Honorary Trustee Director Honorary Chairman Director Director Director Former Director Co-Chairman Director Director Director Chairman Emeritus 1975-2015 Former Director, Member of Directors & Corporate Governance Committee, Member of Compensation Committee and Member of Management Development Committee 1976-2008 Former Non-Executive chairman 1992-N/A Former Director, Chairman of Executive Committee and Director of eONE Global LLC 1992-Present Director and Chairman of Executive Committee 1995-N/A Former Director 1997-N/A Former Director 2001-2009 Former Director and Advisor 2005-Present Director 2007-Present Lead Independent Director and Chairperson of Compensation Committee 2010-N/A Former Director 2014-Present Director
EducationMBA Harvard University BS Georgia Institute of Technology
Other Affiliations |
Annual CompensationThere is no Annual Compensation data available.Stocks OptionsThere is no Stock Options data available.Total CompensationThere is no Total Compensation data available. |
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Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: Age-adjusted death rates by county, U.S. residents age 15 and over, 1985-1994
*Age-adjusted rates for the disease of interest have not been calculated for counties having less than 5 deaths or for unincorporated counties (see Appendix: Split, Merged, or Renamed Counties and County Equivalents).
See Appendix for information about data sources, methods, ICD codes, and limitations.
Mortality multiple cause-of-death data from National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System. Population estimates from U.S. Census Bureau.
Reference Number: 2007F08-03a
Date Posted: June 2008


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tripping red lights
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tripping red lightsa while ago Ride (BNV publication) did a ridiculous puff piece on how bikes trip red lights, despite the widespread observation by cyclists than many don't. the article interviewed a VicRoads officer who basically said they all work fine and if anyone rides through a red they're a very naughty boy (or girl).
so i'm riding down stevenson st in Kew, which ends at VicRoads head office and would you believe what they have at the lights there.... a dedicated push button for cyclists i've never seen such a thing before. why is it needed if bikes can trip the lights automatically? unbelievable..
Re: tripping red lightsSimilar buttons exist elsewhere on the PBN ... not so unbelievable.
I can usually trip the sensors OK - plenty of metal in my frames, cranks & wheels. YMMV. Here's my blog - A bit of fun
"Riding not racing...."
Re: tripping red lightsApparently we have them here in the West as well but I haven't seen them.
Earlier in the year Main Roads WA started a campaign on this topic and requested that any lights that don't work to be reported. Having done that with respect to a set of lights the response was interesting, well initially at least icnluding a Mains Road WA employee who was clearly being very light on with the truth. Ultimately it went further up the ladder, things happened and now the lights work . Of course Main Roads WA now has to action all reports as they asked for them So for anyone in WA you can report the issues directly to Main Roads or go via the numerous reporting mechanisms. Andrew
Re: tripping red lights
are we talking about the same thing? these are on the road (or right next to it), where the in-road sensors are supposed to do the job - not the pedestrian-style ones you get on shared paths.
same here, but you're being more generous in assessing "usually" as a satisfactory hit rate than i am
Re: tripping red lightsIME, it depends on the type of loop they use more than anything. The 2x2 box type give me 99% satisfaction if I line up on the centre line with the front axle over the front line. The single loop not so much.
They are all supposed to work-IF they're set up and calibrated correctly ...whatever the road rules, self-preservation is the absolute priority for a cyclist when mixing it with motorised traffic.
London Boy 29/12/2011
Re: tripping red lightsI will trip them all with Alu clinchers. Full Carbon wheels don't trip any that I can remember - as in on a full carbon bike.
Trip is interesting too, I thought that you had to remain in the box to ensure the light changed. But I have noticed a short pause and rolling forward out of the box and waiting works fine too.
Re: tripping red lightsI often have issues triggering traffic lights (with an Alu bike), so I'll do one of two things (depending on the situation):
After giving the lights the chance to notice me and sequence the lights to turn green for me, but am missed in the sequence, I will: - check in all directions and if I have clear sight that there is absolutely no traffic whatsoever (and I am 100% confident I can ride through the intersection safely) I will ride through the red light - if there is other traffic on the roads (or I don't have a clear view in all directions) I will jump off the bike and trigger the pedestrian crossing, then jump back on the bike and cross with the green light. I completely agree that riding through a red light is not the right thing to do but if the road infrastructure is not setup to aid us in doing the right thing then bending the rules (within reason), I think, is acceptable. YMMV I would never just ride up to a red light and continue on through it even if there is no traffic (I will always stop and give the lights the chance to change for me). If they don't change then I'll do one of the above-mentioned acts. Dave 2012 Felt F75 | 105 | ProLite Braccianos | GP4000S
Re: tripping red lightsPlanning for the future when almost everyone will be riding full carbon bikes?
Re: tripping red lights
We have noticed a few around Brisbane, they are a great idea, should be more though! Lisa
Re: tripping red lightsAccording to the Qld cocky liner, bikes have no trouble triggering red light cameras, so why is there a problem with triggering the signal to cross legally.
Even carbon bikes should trigger if properly set up, ie sufficiently sensitive & latching so that even briefly being in the right spot will trigger the lights. . . . . . . .
Re: tripping red lightsAccording to the Qld cocky liner, bikes have no trouble triggering red light cameras, so why is there a problem with triggering the signal to cross legally?
Even carbon bikes should trigger if properly set up, ie sufficiently sensitive & latching so that even briefly being in the right spot will trigger the lights. . . . . . . .
Re: tripping red lights
how do you get more kilometres behind your goal than your actual goal?
Re: tripping red lights
Wonder if mine would trip the sensors? Carbon frame, carbon wheels... A push button for cyclists would be a good idea and it'll remove the problem of bikes not triggering the lights.
Re: tripping red lights
2012 Oppy A4
Re: tripping red lightsBike lane is impracticable! Get int that road lane and sit right in the middle of it.
Riding bikes in traffic - what seems dangerous is usually safe; what seems safe is often more dangerous.
Re: tripping red lightsAnother thing to consider is that loops you might see on bike lanes or paths may only be counter loops for data collection, not loops to trigger lights. If in doubt ride down the traffic lane to trigger the lights.
On the other hand, there is a very good light-triggering loop setup on Gardiners Ck Trail in Melbourne (Winton Rd?) that activates the upcoming light within seconds allowing cyclists to cross straight over the road without stopping, provided you don't approach too quickly. Here's my blog - A bit of fun
"Riding not racing...."
Re: tripping red lights
Agree. The bloke who sequenced those lights needs smacking with a punctured tube I much prefer the lights on the bikepath HERE. Alright, they aren't shown in this view but normal is green for bikes to cross the Footscray Rd service road, there's loops for smokeblowers to get a run and buttons at the lights for us to speed up resumption of normal working ...whatever the road rules, self-preservation is the absolute priority for a cyclist when mixing it with motorised traffic.
London Boy 29/12/2011
Re: tripping red lights
Ridiculous. We don't have them in my area - so I can't complain about them.
Re: tripping red lights
do you ever feel like a 2nd class citizen? do you ever suspect you really are a 2nd class citizen in the eyes of road managers?
Re: tripping red lightsThere's a set of triggered lights 500m from my house, and my trikes simply do not trigger them, whether in the bike lane part or out in the main lane. True, the nearby bike path leads you through the ped crossing, but given its gravel surface, I'd not want to try to use it on a thin tyred road bike. Even with three wheels, the grip is marginal.
Re: tripping red lights
The theory for the way the loops works means you should cross the loops perpendicularly. Crossing a wire with a decent sized metal object should trigger a properly calibrated loop. It shouldn't be hard when they are saw cut into the road, but newer ones are laid before the asphalt so you can see them. The hidden loops are placed in the same shape as those cut into the road to make it a bit easier to work out where they are, riding up the centre of the lane will help, pausing in the middle of the box should create two separate and distinct signals to trigger the lights. bychosis (bahy-koh-sis): A mental disorder of delusions indicating impaired contact with a reality of no bicycles.
Re: tripping red lights
Ahhh the Sandgate Road bike light. When I started using it, it worked fine but over time it seemed to slowly die or needed more force to trigger it. I end up giving it a good wack so that particular one would activate. I tend to use the road lanes as I just bloody hate that bike lane. Cars are always cutting the corner early even if your well beind the white stop line. The ones at the back of the Westfield on the corner of Kittyhawke Drive and Murphy road never work. Press the button and when the lights change its only road lights that change while the bicycle light remains red. I kept pressing the stupid thing once at 1am at night and nothing happened. No traffic coming the opposite way. Did a 360 and in the process slowly rolled over the car sensor and it instantly changed to green The push buttons are also on Bridgeman Road in Bridgeman Downs. Placed onto the side streets that come off Gympie Road. They were done when the road was upgraded with bike lanes and 2 lanes of traffic each way. There's a few in the city. Roma Street Parklands at both entry/exit roads being one.
Re: tripping red lights
I've got one near my work and it's just the pole with a hole in it It's a heavily trafficked intersection so the vast majority of the time a car or truck triggers the lights for me. Very considerate of them I'll get a picture of it when I'm back at work 2012 Oppy A4
Re: tripping red lightsMagnetic induction loops require metal in close proximity to disturb them. They are placed behind the white line because that's where the bulk of the metal is... in a car! I have found that if I place my bike back from the white line by about a metre then it is in the loop (if I can't see the cuts in the road where it is placed).
I haven't had too many probs with a metal bike but for the Carbon guys... the theory goes that a strong magnet will also disturb the magnetic induction loop. I know it's a few grams but gluing, or taping a couple of rare earth magnets to the underside of the BB should be enough to set the loop off. Let me know how it works if you try it. FoM 15 Bikes 2 adults 6 children, 2 dogs, 10 chooks and a heck of a lot of fish
Re: tripping red lightsI cannot recall ever having a problem tripping lights on my carbon road bike. Granted, I do use alu clinchers so this would probably be what trips them.
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Forgiveness and new life in Jesus, for everyone... praise God :)
Rather strange that the Economist carries a story about prison theater when he real story about Louisiana prisons is that Louisiana is the prison capital of the world, as richly detailed by the New Orleans Times-Picayune: http://www.nola.com/crime/index.ssf/2012/05/louisiana_is_the_worlds_pris...
Throwing people in jail is a moneymaker for local and state government, and for Louisiana's growing private prisons. In other words, there's business in jail time, and where there's money to be made, folks will be found to fill the cells. Louisiana has more prisoners per capita than any other US state.
Perhaps a blog of "cultural commentary" might also inquire, "What kind of culture supports incarceration as a profit model?" In Louisiana jails it now appears that the ultimate redemption is money.
A positive story. Thank you the Economist, though at times you know how to make us yell at the top of our voice. No matter how evil or bad a person potrays herself or himself there is always a lot of good inside. Reading this article it is difficult to imagine that these men where once feared by their societies. The article also leaves you with that nostalgia for a better world a world in which there is no suffering nor pain nor evil nor hatred only love.
Hot, wasn't it? Not only are some innocent, but many are there far too long for non-violent drug crimes.
I'm with bampbs and Zeldason.
Very well-written, C.D. Thanks.
Very funny. Many fun parts. The most amusing to me is the T-shirt with: "Thank God I'm forgiven."
Cannot the bigot Americans spend time on something that can REALLY help the people and stop with these pathetic stories about Jesus and God?
I wonder if writing "man does not live by bread alone" here will piss you off.
No, I absolutely agree with you that man does not live by bread alone. I am highly religious and spiritual person. FYI I have received christian malediction as a baby when I was involuntarily baptized, then I went to the christian schools for 15 years. That is why now I am an EX-christian. I do not follow anymore the liar mafia organization called church who thinks to have monopoly on morality, justice and their political dictator they call "God."
Doubtlessly, everything you say about yourself here is true. But why do you think anybody cares? You're not interesting one bit, you know.
Unlike the things in the excellent article, which you obviously just haven't been able to comprehend.
But don't weep yet: you have achieved something! Thanks to your ilk's higgledy-piggledy use of the word 'bigot', it became something like badge of honour for decent people. When loud mouthed anti-religion agitators call one bigot, one knows he has something to be proud of.
I am saying that monotheism is a pathetic lie for pathetic bigots. If you consider "bigot" as a compliment, I have really nothing more to discuss with you.
Is polytheism any better?
And yes, we have nothing to discuss with you - and won't have even if we considered the word 'bigot' in the same way.
I personally go only for the best and for the truth. I do not go for "better" or middleways.
Venere Minerva, how old are you, truly? I would have expected this kind of silliness from my nephews in junior high after reading some Christopher Hitchens.
What silliness are you talking about?
Btw. I wish for your nephews to study all the evidences about the manipulative lies.
I am 30 and I highly enjoy every day of my life since I left few years ago that cage of christianity.
It's so moving partly because, to the actors and audience, this isn't just theater. They've lived enough parts of the story that it really connects to them. And, through them, it connects to us. They way they see it helps us to see how powerful the gospel is.
Another example explaining the simple fact that most Christians know nothing of the religion that they claim to practice.
OH BOY! Let's throw out inflammatory statements with nothing to back them up in the hopes of igniting a flame war!
Non-christians know about Bible, the history of the church and its popes more than most of the christians. The non-christians are just not hooked in the blind hypnosis of the monotheisms. We do not need to fight - the church is dissolving all around the World even without any organized enemy. The consciousness of the truth is rising and the church cannot stop the truth anymore. The burning of the books and of the enlightened people by the church is over.
Well, actually the percentage of Christians around the world has stayed stable in the past 10 years- about 33%.
And the "burning of the books and of the enlightened people by the church" has been over for centuries.
Also I have to say I'm baffled by your conflation of the Catholic church with Christianity in general. But I digress...
FYI christianity is falling apart all over the World. You just have to read for the first time in your life objective media and not what a priest tells you to read.
Catholic church or any other monotheistic business sect are in principle all the same. The business leaders of various christian sects created the sectarian differences artificially.
"You just have to read for the first time in your life objective media and not what a priest tells you to read."
This may be one of the most baseless accusations I've read recently. Why would my pastor (I'm not Catholic) care what I read? I read (to name a few things) the Economist, NASA Watch, military history, lots of science fiction, and occasionally some philosophy/theology when I feel like it and because I feel like it. My priest (well, pastor actually- I'm Lutheran) doesn't care what I read, and why would he? You know what, screw it. Think what you like. I'm going to bed.
Of course your pastor/priest or whatever shepherd of you, poor member of a herd of sheep, cares what you read!
I recommend ancient mysteries, Mayans, Egyptians, Aztecs, Mesopotamians, Annunaki, Atlantis, Enki, Blavatsky, Bardon aka Frabato, Hermes Trimegistus etc. and then try to discuss these matters with your shepherd. You will see how he "does not care" what you read :-)
Blavatsky?! LOL! Why not "Buffy the Vampire Slayer"?
I do not know Buffy. Time permitting, I promise I will check it out.
He's a troll, that's what trolls do.
Don't get me wrong, doubtless he's sincere. He probably truly believes that Christians are judgmental, arrogant, rude and narrow-minded. That's why he can say judgy, arrogant, and rude things about them, and nothing anyone says will convince him otherwise.
Oh, and let's not forget how hypocritical Christians are ;)
"And the "burning of the books and of the enlightened people by the church" has been over for centuries."
Actually only about 5 years ago I met some Texans who proudly attended book burnings. From what they told me, they mostly just burned stuff like pornography and Harry Potter.
No offense, but in the hierarchy of mythologies Blavatsky and any rag about Atlantis ranks lower than Catholicism.
Buffy the Vampire Slayer is just a stupid TV show a with a very cute lead actress.
If you want the *real* truth start reading H.P. Lovecraft.
Buffy is a stupid TV show indeed, but Blavatsky ranks even lower than this screen stupidity. As well as most of "that (foolish) woman's" list.
Mayans, Egyptians, Aztecs, Mesopotamians, Annunaki, Atlantis, Enki, Blavatsky, Bardon aka Frabato, Hermes Trimegistus, pagans such as Leonardo, Galileo, Michelangelo, Giordano Bruno etc. are stupidities for you?
The highest level of ignorants among monotheists confirmed again then. You do not even know where your patchwork "religion" comes from.
I won't argue with that.
Europeans who read this article may not fully appreciate how poignant it is because their own criminal justice is far more merciful than that of Louisiana. The southern states of the Union, along with a few non-southern ones, have legislated punishments that are often harsh, prolonged and unnecessary. The sentiment "You do the crime, you do the time" is popular throughout the old Confederacy.
Include more than a soupcon of racism in the American criminal justice system and the resulting concoction is frequently medieval in spirit. If you are a Brit or German and traveling in the Deep South, whatever you do -- don't do something that lands you in a state prison there!
Because of historical inequities too complex to trace here, combined with self-defeating behavior involving race and class, America produces violent criminals in bumper crops. The resulting system of incarceration, with the best will in the world -- and there is a lot of good will on the part of prison administrators and legislators, -- seems incapable of rehabilitating these felons.
I have no desire to see "hardened criminals" stalking my local streets. Nor do I feel that one should feel sloppily sentimental toward those who anti-social behavior lands them exactly where they belong: the prison cell and for decades.
But, we really are severe in this country. There is more to any man or woman than the worst thing s/he ever did. Our judges are constrained by "minimum sentencing guidelines" that snuff out their desire to temper mercy with justice.
I don't know what the answer is -- there is a true "underclass" of potentially violent people in America. But, building more cages and filling them more fully seems a cul-de-sac for our humanity.
Decriminalizing drug possession, reducing sentences for trafficking, would help. Also, ending the disparity in sentencing between cocaine and crack would go a long ways to reducing the racism that is built into the [no-longer] mandatory federal sentencing guidelines.
Thoughtful comment, Mr Andros, and I agree with a lot of what you said, but one basic thing you are totally wrong about.
People don't become criminals because of inequities, historical or otherwise, or because they belong to certain race and/or social strata. It is always their choice, and thus their responsibility. Those who commit crimes and cannot be responsible for them go to mental institutions, they're criminally insane.
You might be right that there are 'bumper crops' of violent criminals in America, but in fact they're a minority of population. Not only in general, but of different groups of population as well. If poverty and racism generated criminals, relevant groups would have consisted mostly of criminals, and would be no criminals among WASPs.
So I reiterate: personal choices are what makes people criminals, and what prevents them from becoming ones. Actually, the play we discuss on this board now, conveys exactly this message. Unlike some foulmouthed anti-religion agitators here, Louisiana prisoners were able to get it, and to connect.
Individual decisions -- you are certainly correct. We, each of us, have the power to make good/bad choices. But . . . do we all have that power equally?
I was raised in a rock-solid middle-class family in the Ozzie and Harriet Era. My father was omnipresent in my life and set the role model for me on how to behave as a male. My relatives were cut of the same cloth. Two of my uncles were cops. Until the 1990s, no member of my family had ever borne a child out of wedlock -- or even divorced. (That includes countless cousins!)
To a certain extent, my life was put on rails and all I had to do was not jump the track. I feel I made the most of the situation and had more success in life than I really deserved. But, the fact remains that to succeed I didn't really have to learn anything new -- just not screw-up what I had already been taught and, for the most part, internalized.
Others had different experiences. I don't think "poverty" is an explanation or excuse for crime. "Poor" people live as well, or better, than did my middle-class family sixty or seventy years ago when the war and the Depression were just a few years in the past.
But, not coming from a stable two-parent family can be crippling. Yes, an individual has a choice -- but without a stable, consistent role model (this is especially true with adolescent boys and fathers) how does he know what to choose? I did what I did because Dad had done it in front of me for decades: get up and go to work, come home at the same time from work, keep up the house, love Mom, stay away from too much alcohol or drugs of any kind, be a good neighbor, pay taxes on time and help your son with the homework. All I had to do was "wash/rinse/repeat."
So, yes, choice is at the bottom of who we are and how we behave. But, not all of us are given the same examples to inspire our choice. We are well-advised to pray "lead us not into temptation" but what if, as a child, you have already been led there through no will of your own?
As for those who are "foul-mouthed anti-religion agitators," they are fine with me. Those who have a quarrel, even an insanely self-dramatizing and melodramatic one, with God are still in the game. It is the ones who are genuinely indifferent who are the real atheists.
Thanks for sharing personal experience. Yes, traditional family values do help to stay on the right track, but they are not guarantee either way. I'm not a criminal too, though I started genuinely to know my sailor Father at the age of 17, when he found a job on the firm land. So my role model was my Mother - which somehow didn't shove me into... ehem... Rainbow crowd. When recently I needed some copies of old family documents and went to archives, I realized that our parents (I have a twin sister) wedded when we were three years old. I have no a cop uncle, but the one who I love dearly has spent all his life in the army (Soviet), fighting the WW2 from day 1, and - just for the sake of diversity - invading Hungary in 1956. And, when conscripted, I've been a very bad soldier myself... though never got into drugs, to which I've been introduced in the same valiant armed force.
Yes, individual experiences can be very different, but they're seldom unique. So the crucial factor is of course the innate, ingrained ability to discern between right and wrong - everybody except mentally incompetent have it. It is G-d given.
You have very successfully conveyed the intensity of this experience. Well written, C.D.
Well said. A great piece from a new voice. Original in the best Economist tradition. Gentle, telling, unhurried, economical. Not a word out of place, unlike some contributions to the online edition, and even the newspaper itself. Let's see more of C.D.
It is like saying: "Good boys. Yes, play nicely the passion of Christ, it will make you feel better. It will calm you down. Then go nicely back to your cells and be good prisoners." Christian hypocrisy as always. Just to cool down the ignorant masses and give them an illusion of imaginary friend.
If your God should forgive, why not let then all the prisoners out? According to the dogmas that you follow, only God is the supreme judge, right? And what does God say to the families of the people killed by these exemplar christian prisoners? How long this scam of the bad copy of Mithras, Horus, Attis, Sol Invictus, Krisna, Dionysus who existed thousands of years ago before the Romans invented this political psychological operation invented by the Flavians to compress the Jewish messianic movement?
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Magazine Articles | The Triumph of Truth |
"We call this young man a dumb ox, but his bellowing in doctrine will one day resound throughout the world."
~ Albertus Magnus, the most learned professor of the period, in wonder at the brilliant defense of a difficult thesis by young Thomas Aquinas, whose humility and reserve had been misinterpreted as signs of dullness.


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MicroStylus Jack Stylus Review
Posted on May 11, 2012 at 2:50PM
Before you get the wrong idea, no we didn't jack this stylus from a pixie. Meet the MicroStylus Jack. This is the world's smallest, tiny little, microscopic speck version of a stylus. And although we have seen and reviewed our fair share of capacitive touchscreen styluses, this one takes the cake in being highly portable. The questions is, can the MicroStylus Jack replace the need for much larger, traditional styluses? Find that and more in the full review after the jump!
tagged / MicroStylus, MicroStylus Jack, Review, aluminum stylus, headphone jack stylus, iPhone jack stylus, little stylus, micro stylus, small stylus, styli, stylus, stylus review Category / Gadget Hub iPhone 4 / 4S, Reviews, Styli