text:
Para instruciones en Español, toque ahi 对于西班牙,触摸指示操作
Spanish Audio Translation Chinese Audio Translation
"Subliminal" Advertising
William M. O'Barr
[Editor's Note:This article is a part of ADText A revised version of this article is available here.]
Fig. 3.1 Movies Were a Popular Summertime Activity in 1957 [Source]
It's the summer of 1957 in the suburbs of New York City. The afternoon is hot and you're trying to stay cool. A recent polio scare makes public swimming pools seem dangerous. Department stores are air conditioned, but you're trying to save instead of spending all your money. A movie theatre — the dark, cool movie theatre with the big screen — seems a perfect place to spend the hottest hours. You decide on Picnic starring William Holden and Kim Novak at the Lee Theatre.
Now imagine yourself inside — relaxing, cooling off, and watching the story unfold. You managed to pass up popcorn, candy, and a soft drink on your way in, but you did find a great seat. To simulate this experience, click on the image in Figure 1 and watch Kim Novak sashay her way down the stairs toward William Holden. It's a memorable scene. Relax, enjoy it, and try to put yourself in the frame of mind of a moviegoer in 1957.
Fig. 3.2 A Scene from the Movie Picnic [Source]
All of a sudden, you start thinking about popcorn and a Coke. You try to put the thought out of your mind, but it keeps coming back. You don't want to miss any of the movie, but you've got to have popcorn. You can't stop thinking about it.
This seems like a perfectly plausible situation — a movie, popcorn, and a Coke on a hot summer afternoon. But are your urges your own, or are you being subliminally manipulated? Advertising Age reported the following story on September 16, 1957:
FYI... Subliminal comes from Latin (sub = "below" + limen "threshold") and refers to perception that occurs below the threshold of human consciousness. Subliminal advertising, as a term, did not come into general use until the 1970s. Thus begins the story of subliminal advertising in America. It's a story that has been told over and over but not without frightening the public, making advertisers angry, and increasing the general level of suspicion and distrust of the advertising industry. This unit examines subliminal communication, its supposed applications in advertising, and the public's fascination and horror of it.
1. The Furor over Subliminal Perception
Early in 1958, Life magazine described "hidden" selling techniques in basic layman's terms to its extensive readership — images that flash too quickly for the conscious mind but nonetheless register unconsciously. It went on to suggest that several repetitions of such messages could affect a person's actions.
This article included images showing precisely what Vicary had claimed to do. Hungry? Eat Popcorn appears in one frame and fades quickly in another.
Fig. 3.4 Life Used This Image to Explain Subliminal Advertising to an Interested Public [Source]
Life treated subliminal advertising as fact and discussed its potential not only in selling but also in gaining support for anti-litter campaigns and even promoting political candidates.
Norman Cousins, the influential editor of The Saturday Review, addressed his readers: "Welcome to 1984." He meant, of course, the nightmarish world described by George Orwell in the novel 1984 in which a totalitarian government watches over every move and monitors the private, inner thoughts of its citizens. In his editorial in the October 5, 1957 issue, he warned his readers of the ominous prospects of subliminal communications.
Cousins noted that Vicary claimed to be aware of the potentially dangerous uses of subliminal communication and had suggested warning the public when subliminal techniques were in use. He even suggested that some sort of governmental regulation might be needed. Cousins himself denounced the subconscious assault in the strongest terms:
There is only one kind of regulation or ruling that could possibly make any sense in this case; and that would be to take this invention and everything connected to it and attach it to the center of the next nuclear explosive scheduled for testing.1
As this issue of The Saturday Review was in press, in fact the day before its publication date of October 5th, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik I, marking the beginning of the space age and the USA-USSR space race. It seemed to many that the world was being bombarded from many directions — from the Soviets who were ahead of the US into space and from those attempting to colonize the inner workings of human consciousness.
FYI... Read the materials introduced into the Congressional Record on January 28, 1958, concerning subliminal telecasts. Almost simultaneously, the US government turned its attention to both these issues. Congress beefed up the space exploration program and quickly passed the National Defense Education Act to enhance science education. Congress and the Federal Trade Commission held hearings on subliminal communications. At the end of November 1957, the trade publication Sponsor reported that many Congressmen were outraged over the idea of subliminal advertising, the Federal Trade Commission was investigating the technique, and the National Association of Radio and Television Broadcasters had asked its members to report on any uses of subliminal techniques. Sponsor warned that subliminal techniques may already be in use on TV despite the fact that many broadcasters were calling them immoral and unethical.2
FYI... In the 1950s, the term admen was commonly used for people working in the ad industry. In more recent years, women have outnumbered men. In 2003, US Government statistics showed 59% of the industry was female. As this uproar settled down a bit over the next few weeks and months, legislation was introduced in Congress that would make subliminal communications illegal. But some Congressmen felt that legislation against something that could not be seen or perceived was unnecessary. Although the proposed legislation failed to pass, the legacy of public outrage and government concern lived on. Wary of how it would be received, admen seemed cautious and often uninterested. In 1958, the Advertising Research Foundation issued a report entitled, "The Application of Subliminal Perception in Advertising," which concluded:
The available experiments and observations on "subliminal perception" [referring to decades of psychological research] seem to indicate that in certain instances human subjects are capable of responding to stimuli which are so weak in intensity, duration, size or clarity, that they are not consciously aware of them. The evidence is insufficient to draw any conclusions about the merits or even the possibility of subliminal advertising.3
2. The TV Spot Heard Around the World
FYI... Advertising Age and Adweek are trade publications that follow the advertising industry. Reading either of them is a good means of keeping abreast of the latest trends and issues in advertising. In 1962, Advertising Age published a retrospective look at subliminal advertising, calling it "the TV spot heard round the world." Reporter Fred Danzig noted the nearly universal condemnation that the idea had received. He went looking for James Vicary five years after the furor he had caused. Vicary, who was then employed as survey research director for Dun & Bradstreet, talked candidly with Danzig. He told this story:
You know, I first had the idea for subliminal many years ago, but I was ashamed of it. It struck me as a form of high jinks I didn't want to have anything to do with. I never regarded myself as a wheeler-and-dealer. But years later, there I was in my own business and the people who were putting up the money thought I should stir things up. They thought it was a good time to pull subliminal out of the drawer. Maybe it would help business. So we worked out this apparatus to make subliminal advertising work.... We applied for a patent, after testing the thing in a movie theater in Fort Lee, N. J. The story leaked out to some newspaper guys and we were forced to come out with subliminal before we were ready. Worse than the timing, though, was the fact that we hadn't done any research, except what was needed for filing a patent.4
Defending himself as naïve and innocent, Vicary went on to say that what had bothered him most was the public's outrage at his idea. He shunned public appearances, unlisted his phone number, and feared for his life. He expressed surprise at the fact that the State of New York had refused to grant him a license to practice as a psychologist. When Danzig had found him working for Dun & Bradstreet, Vicary was trying to rehabilitate his image and didn't want to be known as "Mr. Subliminal."
Fig. 3.5 James Vicary (L) with Colleagues from Subliminal Projection Co. [Source]
What is most clear through all of this is that subliminal advertising was a hot potato tossed here and there. Nobody wanted to claim it, own it, or admit to practicing it — most of all admen. There seemed to be no research showing that it produced results, and any association with it brought on the public's fear and wrath. It is an idea that might have, like Vicary, passed slowly into the status of "has been" on its road to oblivion.
3. The Broader Picture
The year 1957 had also witnessed the publication of a highly influential book, The Hidden Persuaders, by Vance Packard. The book brought motivational research techniques to public attention for the first time. These techniques were used by advertisers and marketers to delve more deeply into consumer psychology than what could be learned simply by asking people questions about their likes and dislikes. Packard discussed research techniques that measure such things as pupil dilation to monitor pleasurable responses to TV commercials, changes in voice pitch that show positive and negative reactions to products, squirming in wired theatre seats that shows boredom levels of viewers, and brain wave activities that gauge level of arousal created by ad imagery. Although such physiological responses to external stimuli had been recognized in psychological research much earlier, it was their application to marketing that concerned Packard. His thesis was simple: We are being monitored, managed, and manipulated outside our conscious awareness by advertisers and marketers. His exposé was detailed, quoted evidence (including many research studies), and included chapter headings like "The Psycho-Seduction of Children" and "New Frontiers for Recruiting Customers."
Fig. 3.6 Packard's Best-Selling Book Sullied Advertising's Image [Source]
Packard alerted consumers to early examples of the now common practice of product placement, which he also considered to be a covert form of advertising. He called on the public to wake up to the existence of motivational research and initiated a public debate on the morality of its uses. His revelations about hidden techniques and invisible pitches struck a responsive chord in the American public, all too recently disturbed by the so-called brainwashing techniques that had been used in the Korean War. There was a general fear in the public of brainwashing, spying, and invasion of privacy. Packard's book added fuel to this fire. By the 1960s, Packard's claims, bolstered by the supposed popcorn experiment, made their way into psychology classes all over America. It became common knowledge that advertisers carefully constructed ads and researched responses to them even more painstakingly. Packard went on the public lecture circuit and testified before Congress. Professors included information from his book in their lectures. And advertising and manipulation became almost synonymous in the public's mind.
Fig. 3.7 Packard Railed Against Advertising in Washington [Source]
4. The Advertising Industry Responds
The advertising industry — like all trade and professional organizations — is made up of individuals and companies who compete with one another. It is therefore unreasonable to expect there to be a single opinion or a single voice of such a diverse group. However, Advertising Age reported in its retrospective piece on subliminal advertising that the general response of most admen to the idea had been embarrassment and denunciation. Only a "brave few" admen had publicly stated that they would use the technique if it could help their clients.5
One response of the industry to subliminal advertising that began shortly after it appeared on the scene was to poke fun at it. Spoofing the idea showed the public that subliminal advertising was not a serious technique — only a joke about the serious work of promoting products. For example, an early TV commercial from 1958 introduced the new model Chevrolet with playful reference to subliminal techniques of communication.
Fig. 3.8 Advertisers Frequently Spoofed Claims about Subliminal Ads [Source]
The black-and-white commercial features Dinah Shore and Pat Boone, each of whom was a well-known, wholesome celebrity at the time. Dinah Shore had her own weekly variety show that was sponsored by Chevrolet. She was continually belting out lines like, "See the USA in your Chevrolet!" for the sponsor. Pat Boone was a popular recording artist whose records were top sellers. Together they made an earnest, trustworthy team.
The lyrics of the spot ask viewers if they know about the clever new way to communicate, explain it briefly, and finally encourage viewers to go to dealerships to have a good look at the new car. In the meantime, they say, viewers get an image flashed quickly on the screen (three times as it turns out). The image flashes too quickly to be examined in any detail, and thus a visit to the show room is necessary.
Although the song claims that the image is "subliminal," it is not really subliminal at all because it can be seen briefly and recognized as a Chevrolet. If it were a real subliminal message in the terms discussed above, it could not be perceived consciously nor would the advertisement speak directly about the subliminal communication. In fact, the commercial mocks subliminal advertising and serves instead to invite viewers to visit Chevrolet dealers' show rooms all over the country when the model comes out.
Perhaps the most common responses of Madison Avenue to the idea of subliminal advertising in the late 1950s were to ignore it, to disclaim it, or to poke fun at it. What the industry did not do was to launch any serious effort to counter the claims of Vicary, Packard, and others who were concerned about invisible, covert, and subliminal manipulations of consumers. The public response of admen seems to have been to let the idea of subliminal advertising wither and die on the vine.
There is some evidence that advertising agencies and large corporations, not wanting other agencies and corporations to get the jump on them, did investigate and invest in subliminal advertising. Several seem to have engaged the services of Vicary as a paid consultant. According to Stuart Rogers writing in Public Relations Quarterly in the early 1990s, "it has been estimated that [Vicary] collected retainer and consulting fees from America 's largest advertisers totaling some $4.5 million."6
However, there is no real evidence that advertising agencies — given the extremely negative public reception that subliminal projection had received — actually used subliminal techniques as a major means of communicating with consumers. By the end of the 1960s, the brouhaha over subliminal advertising had diminished significantly. In place of Vance Packard's book as a best seller had come David Ogilvy's Confessions of an Advertising Man (1963), an autobiography that talks specifically about overt, conscious, and apparently successful advertising techniques. Nowhere in the book does Ogilvy even mention motivational research or subliminal techniques. Rather he focuses on sharing his guidelines for producing winning advertisements. In a chapter on great advertising campaigns, he gives his eleven commandments:
1. What you say is more important than how you say it. 2. Unless your campaign is built around a great idea, it will flop. 3. Give the facts. 4. You cannot bore people into buying. 5. Be well-mannered, but don't clown. 6. Make your advertising contemporary. 7. Committees can criticize advertisements, but they cannot write them. 8. If you are lucky enough to write a good advertisement, repeat it until it stops pulling. 9. Never write an advertisement which you wouldn't want your own family to read. 10. Every advertisement should be thought of as a contribution to the brand image. 11. Don't be a copy-cat.7
These pieces of advice, drawn from Ogilvy's highly successful career, are straightforward. They are a distillation of what works for him. When they are followed, secret or hidden manipulative techniques are irrelevant.
Fig. 3.9 An Example of David Ogilvy's Advertising Methods [Source]
5. The Rebirth of Subliminal Advertising
FYI... Wilson Bryan Key talks candidly with Stuart Ewen about his career, including his dismissal from a tenured professorship, in an interview published in Advertising & Society Review. That might have been the end of subliminal advertising, save for an enterprising college professor named Wilson Bryan Key who became a new champion of the idea. In 1972, Key published a book entitled Subliminal Seduction, which as it turned out would be the first of five books published between 1972 and 1992, each with essentially the same message.
The paperback edition of Subliminal Seduction contained what may be one of the most provocative book covers ever. It features a large, central photograph of a mixed drink — large ice cubes, a clear liquid such as a Martini, and a twist of lemon in a drink glass — and with this caption in red letters: Are You Being Sexually Aroused by this Picture? Key's book was a best seller. Who could resist the pitch: an explanation of sexual arousal?
Fig. 3.10 Key's Book Cover Asks: Are You Being Sexually Aroused by this Picture? [Source]
The book contained a restatement of the claims of Packard and Vicary along with some new "evidence" from Key and his students. Key argued that advertisers embed images of body parts like breasts and genitals, wild animals, and other stimulating or terrifying images in ads. These embeddings are not immediately obvious to readers, but they are picked up subliminally and interpreted by our unconscious minds. We are stimulated by them and ultimately motivated to purchase the advertised products and brands that use them.
Although Key discusses evidence from research findings and other sources that supports the idea of motivational research in general and subliminal communication in particular, his books are far from any systematic scientific investigation of the topic. For example, a typical experiment for him is to ask his students to relax and look at an image and then state the first thing that pops into their minds. Then they go looking for hidden images such as a dog's face, a phallic symbol, a human body — embedded in a pool of water, a cluster of foliage, or the ice cubes in a glass.
Fig. 3.11 The Word S-E-X is Visible in the Ice Cubes [Source]
FYI... A group of marketing students went looking for the producers of the Gilbey's Gin ad and published their findings in Advertising Age. Another example of this "deviousness" appears in Figure 12a. This Canadian ad for Jantzen swimwear features both a male and a female model wearing swimsuits whose design motif paid homage to the then relatively new Canadian flag. To the innocent reader, it makes sense that bathing suit ads focus on the particular zone of the body that is covered. But Key warns, there is much more to this ad.
Fig. 3.12a An Image from Media Sexploitation [Source]
Fig. 3.12b The Upturned Ad Reveals a Hidden Face According to Key [Source]
It is examples like these that comprise Key's claims. They come from his ever-watchful eye and those of students whom he has trained to look for these embedded words and images. Key argues that by exposing these techniques we can diffuse their power over us.
His later books extend this message primarily by showing the broader uses of such subliminal techniques — on the front page of the New York Times, for example, to sell newspapers, in ceiling frescoes of the Sistine Chapel to enhance Michelangelo's art, and most frequently of all in advertising and marketing. He claims that Nabisco intentionally bakes the word S-E-X several times in each Ritz cracker to make "the damned things taste better."8
Fig. 3.13 Key Finds Subliminal Imprints in Ritz Crackers [Source]
Key tells the story of going to a Howard Johnson's restaurant with a group of students. Before long they had managed to find not just an image of fried clams on the paper placemat, but a subliminal scene of several human bodies (and an animal) engaged in a sexual orgy.9 Such techniques, according to Key, are fully intentional, carefully researched, and enhance sales.
Fig. 3.14 A Subliminal Orgy Scene Discovered by Key [Source]
In addition to writing best sellers, Key was for many years popular on the lecture circuit. He addressed public audiences and spoke on college campuses, much as Vance Packard had done a generation earlier. The appeal of his topic, according to one Duke professor, drew one of the three largest audiences he had seen at his university outside sporting events and commencement. The other two top draws were a Nobel Prize winner (Bishop Desmond Tutu of South Africa ) and a sitting American president (Ronald Reagan). Another professor who heard Key's presentation — a kind of mass hypnosis in which the crowd was asked to look for images in the clouds together — expressed concern about what passed for the scientific method in Key's presentations and what a disservice he did to serious scholarship though his modern Barnum-like shows.
6. The Advertising Industry Responds to Wilson Bryan Key
John O'Toole, President of the American Association of Advertising Agencies and thus often called on to speak on behalf on the industry, denounced both subliminal advertising and Wilson Bryan Key in his 1980 book, The Trouble with Advertising. O'Toole, who had previously headed the Foote, Cone & Belding advertising agency, wrote in his book:
There is no such thing as subliminal advertising. I have never seen an example of it, nor have I ever heard it seriously discussed as a technique by advertising people.... It's demeaning to assume that the human mind is so easily controlled that anyone can be made to act against his will or better judgment by peremptory commands he doesn't realize are present. Even more absurd is the theory proposed by Wilson Bryan Key in a sleazy book entitled Subliminal Seduction. From whatever dark motivations, Key finds sexual symbolism in every ad and commercial.10
While O'Toole was president of the 4A's, the industry finally responded to charges of subliminal embeddings in advertisements. Specifically targeting universities and college professors, the 4A's mailed thousands of posters disclaiming subliminal advertising and arguing that the so-called embedded images are like rabbits in the clouds — something imagined by the viewer rather than something placed there by advertisers.
Fig. 3.15 The 4A's Responds to Subliminal Claims [Source]
Jack Haberstroh, a marketing professor firmly convinced that the phenomenon of subliminal perception is real but its use by advertisers is infrequent, wrote a book entitled Ice Cube Sex: The Truth about Subliminal Advertising (1994). He takes the advertising industry to task for saying so little about subliminal advertising. By keeping mum while Key was publishing, lecturing, and promoting his claims, the belief that advertisers regularly use subliminal techniques was allowed to grow. Reporting a research study commissioned by the House of Seagram's in 1991, Haberstroh noted that "62% of all U.S. adults think that subliminal messages are being constantly and deliberately embedded in the nation's advertising."11
Haberstroh cites Jock Elliott's12 commentary on subliminal advertising in general and on Haberstroh's invitation to Wilson Bryan Key to lecture at his university.13 Elliott wrote:
Every time we practitioners visit a campus (which is pretty often), we are almost invariably asked about subliminal advertising. Our continual explanations that the practice simply doesn't exist are usually met with varying degrees of skepticism. Why? Because Mr. Key has been preaching his hokum with the blessings of the educational institutions. Why in heaven's name, did Prof. Haberstroh invite Mr. Key to lecture to his students in the first place? A terrible disservice to advertising and, more important, to his students. (Elliott, quoted in Haberstroh 1994:84)
Key wrote to Advertising Age responding to Elliott's comments:
In answer to the primitive wailings of Jock Elliott, Jr. (AA, Oct. 4), who would ban my books about subliminal advertising from university campuses and who wants the academic world to "shut up" on the subject, his intemperate admonishments did more to confirm my data than anything in my three books. (Key, quoted in Haberstroh 1994:92)
7. What Do Psychologists Say about Subliminal Advertising?
Aside from possible application to advertising, do subliminal influences on behavior actually work? Psychologists Anthony Pratkanis and Elliot Aronson of the University of California, Santa Cruz examine the question in their 1992 book, Age of Propaganda: The Everyday Use and Abuse of Persuasion. Their conclusion is that subliminal messages do not appear to be able to affect subsequent human behavior, such as buying decisions.
During the last few years, we have been collecting published articles on subliminal processes, gathering more than 150 articles from the mass media and more than 200 academic papers on the topic (a stack nearly 2 feet tall). In none of these papers is there clear evidence in support of the proposition that subliminal messages influence behavior. Many of the studies fail to find an effect, and those that do are either fatally flawed on methodological grounds or cannot be reproduced. Other reviewers of this literature have reached the same conclusion.14
Pratkanis and Aronson do note, however, that there is some evidence for subliminal perception itself. The "cocktail party phenomenon" illustrates this. A person at a party who is engaged in a conversation may suddenly perk up when he hears his or her name mentioned by someone not in the group. This sudden awareness suggests that there is some minimal processing outside conscious awareness, but how this phenomenon works is unclear. Despite effects such as this one, they report that "no study has demonstrated motivational and behavioral effects similar to those claimed by the advocates of subliminal seduction."
8. The Appeal of the Idea
What is the appeal of the idea of subliminal advertising? Actual evidence of the use of subliminal techniques in advertising is limited. It seems to have had its heyday in the late 1950s and a rebirth in the 1970s, but there is no question that subliminal communication is not a viable technique for advertisers. Given the shoddy evidence that has been presented to support the claims of Key and others, why has the idea lived on?
Haberstroh has suggested that one reason may be that the public loves to be fooled. 19th-century America loved P. T. Barnum. It didn't seem to matter that everyone knew his claims were outrageous and his exhibits were fabricated; people nonetheless flocked to see Tiny Tim, the Feejee Mermaid, and other freaks. His sign "This Way to the Egress" led unsuspecting museum goers into the street instead of to yet another exhibit — many people laughed and enjoyed the joke. Perhaps ice cubes with hidden messages are a bit like this. To many it may seem like a harmless little joke, worth the bother in exchange for the fun, while for others, it is deception, trickery, and not funny at all.
Another explanation for its popularity is that Key's theory trades on the currency of sex. He cleverly combines sex and consumption into a single story. Beyond this, subliminal seduction offers a means to displace personal responsibility. Who has not asked, "Why in the world did I buy that?" Key tells us that we can't help some of the decisions we make as consumers because we are manipulated via one of our greatest vulnerabilities — sex.
Additionally, both the press and the advertising industry have contributed to the perpetuation of this myth through their treatment of it. The press has eagerly reported stories suggesting the existence of subliminal perception and almost never the evidence against it. The advertising industry has largely remained silent rather than rebutting claims about subliminal communication.
Finally, there is the history of advertising itself. American advertising in the 19th century was for the most part unrestrained and unchecked. When subliminal advertising emerged in the 1950s, many saw it as just another deceptive device in the hands of unscrupulous marketers.
9. An Urban Legend Lives On
Wilson Bryan Key, now 80 years old, has retired in Nevada, but not without contributing significantly to the perseverance of the idea of subliminal advertising. His last book was published in 1992, and he no longer lectures to large audiences on a regular basis. The advertising industry has largely ignored the topic, rarely addressing the issue in any public forum. No further rebuttals like the one in Figure 15 have appeared in recent years.
Yet the idea of subliminal advertising lives on — it seems to be more because the public wants to believe in it rather than the fact that there is any genuine evidence showing it to be a technique used by advertisers. Some relatively recent events surrounding claims about subliminal advertising are perhaps typical of what might be expected in the future.
Fig. 3.16 Do Pepsi Cans Contain a Subliminal Message? [Source]
In response to the claims that Pepsi had embedded S-E-X on its cans, Jean Meade, advertising manager for the San Diego Pepsi office, insisted that "the cans were designed to be cool and fun and different, something to get the consumer's attention." Tod MacKenzie, another spokesperson for Pepsi, claimed that the supposed subliminal message was "nothing more than an odd coincidence."15
Subliminal scares since their very beginning seem to have had this quality — whistle-blowers certain of the intentionality of what they find, while those who are supposed to be responsible for the embedded messages deny and disclaim them. A simple rational assessment would seem to suggest that a company as large and powerful as Pepsi would be foolish indeed to risk the wrath of the public and certain outspoken conservative groups. It makes little sense that the company would intentionally use a technique that seems not to produce significant market behavior results and is so widely despised by the public.
In 1992 Saatchi & Saatchi, a large New York advertising agency, revived the joking about subliminal in a commercial for Paseo, a sedan sold by Toyota. Once again the ad parodies the idea of subliminal. The commercial is playful. The car is introduced — but to make the commercial more interesting the "film" does not run properly thorough the projector and the audience "secretly" sees "hidden" images of women dancing at a party. It offers commentary on the absurdity of the hidden persuasion while playfully showing the car in a commercial designed to attract the public that often ignores conventional ads.
Fig. 3.17 Another Commercial Spoofs Subliminal Advertising [Source]
Similarly, Absolut Vodka, known for its artful and innovative advertising, produced both a print ad and a TV commercial that poked fun at the myth of subliminal advertising. If you look closely at the ice cubes in Figure 18, you can see ABSOLUT VODKA spelled out. The TV commercial, created in France for the brand, is another tongue-in-cheek reference to subliminal techniques in films.
Fig. 3.18 Absolut Subliminal (Print) [Source]
Fig. 3.19 Absolut Subliminal (Film) [Source]
Most recently of all, subliminal claims emerged in the context of political advertising — the very thing that early commentators like Norman Cousins had warned about in the 1950s when subliminal techniques first came on the scene. In a political ad for the reelection of George W. Bush in 2004, the letters R-A-T-S appear for a split second on the screen before the camera pulls back and the full word B-U-R-E-A-U-C-R-A-T-S appears. This occasioned accusations and denials all around and led to talk about "dirty tricks" in politics. Interestingly, the reporter who first broke the story claimed to have recently read one of Key's books and was thus alert to the possibility of subliminal techniques.
Fig. 3.20 Campaign Spot for George W. Bush's Reelection [Source]
Matt Groening, creator of The Simpsons, responded to the R-A-T-S commercial by having Bart Simpson write the following message on his blackboard at the beginning of an episode:
Fig. 3.21 Bart Simpson Embeds a Message Supporting Al Gore [Source]
Another frequent theme in the subliminal scare has focused on messages embedded in music. Either much quieter than the music itself or only clear when played backwards, the idea of subliminal messages in music dates back to the period of the popcorn episode engineered by Vicary. A quick search of the Internet will turn up claims about embeddings in the music of The Beatles, Led Zeppelin, Pink Floyd, Ozzy Osbourne, and Jefferson Starship among others. The Beatles song I'm So Tired is said to contain John Lennon's disguised voice saying, "Paul is a dead man, miss him, miss him, miss him..." and Pink Floyd's Empty Spaces, when played backwards, is supposed to say, "Congratulations, you have just discovered the secret message. Please send your answer to old pink, care of the funny farm...."
In addition to these claims about embeddings, motivational tapes with subliminal messages are available for sale on the Internet. One makes these claims:
If you need relief from ANY PHYSICAL PAIN including headaches, backaches, PMS, chronic pains, this program is for you! It's a powerful tool that will help change your life. Subliminal messages have been used for years to reprogram and change consumer's [sic] unconscious minds. Now you can use the same process for pain relief. If you can watch a 12-minute DVD or listen to a CD you can reprogram your unconscious mind to release unnecessary pain from your life. 16
The audiotape contains such messages as "My body and mind are pain free," "I release all fears of letting go of pain," and "I see and feel myself pain free."
Another company offers men instant success with women by using subliminal techniques. The following copy is from its promotional literature.
As incredible as it sounds, it is now possible for you to achieve in minutes, what typically takes most men days, months, and sometimes even years to accomplish, and that is...Seducing a woman! I call it, "The Lazy Man's Way to Seduce Single Women." All you do is simply pop in one of our Subliminal Seduction cassettes and she thinks she's only hearing music, but she's being sexually programmed and stimulated to uncontrollably want to make mad passionate love to you, her subconscious mind is saturated with romantic and erotic thoughts only of you....17
Finally, a recent movie, Josie and the Pussycats (2001), is centered on the theme of subliminal embeddings in rock music. The characters, Josie and the Pussycats, originated in the Archie comic strip in the 1960s and had a brief run in an animated cartoon during the 1970s. Revived here in a satire about both rock music and merchandizing, the trio find themselves at the heart of a conspiracy in which Megarecords has made them into rock superstars by embedding messages in their music. Good wins over evil, Megarecords and their dirty tricks are exposed, and Josie and the Pussycats remain stars because their music is loved on its own. This movie contains an immense number of product placements and company logos — to the point where it seems like one long ad itself.
Even if there is not much to be said about the merits of the movie itself, the way that subliminal techniques are treated in this popular cultural medium is significant. Hidden messages are the result of a government-based conspiracy, in this case, to get young people to spend their allowances and earnings from baby-sitting. And although it is the premise of the plot, subliminal is treated yet again as a kind of joke — almost too absurd to be taken seriously, but fun to play with. The owner of Megarecords explains the secret techniques to a select audience by showing a "film" (see Figure 22).
Fig. 3.22 Megarecord's Evil Plan to Take Teen Money [Source]
Product placement within Josie and the Pussycats, while utterly obvious to the audience, is never addressed directly. Although the incredible amount of it — occurring in virtually every scene — is on one level a satire on the frequency of product placement today, the names, logos, and brands that constantly appear in the film are nonetheless product placement. Thus, the audience is asked to laugh at the technique while being exposed to it. Perhaps more telling than the attempt at satire is the fact that Vance Packard, in enumerating and describing the so-called hidden persuaders, considered product placement to be one of those techniques. Josie and the Pussycats, on the other hand, does not consider product placement a part of the evil conspiracy that must be destroyed.
Fig. 3.23-25 Brand Names and Logos Are Clearly Visible Throughout the Movie [Source]
FYI... An episode of Columbo entitled "Double Exposure," (1974) placed subliminal quick cuts in the hands of the murderer while a film, Agency (1979), linked subliminal messages to a suicide. Whatever one thinks about the relatively small amount of evidence suggesting that subliminal communications play any real role in most advertising messages, there is no denying that the idea is perhaps more significant than the reality. It seems to be an idea that many members of the public want to believe in.
The Fort Lee, N. J. theatre is now demolished and you can't go there to see a movie with or without subliminal images being flashed on the screen. Today, it's much more likely that you might stop by your local video store, rent a movie, and head home to watch it. If you happen to choose the VHS version of A Fish Called Wanda, you will be treated to the following before the show begins:
Fig. 3.26 John Cleese Takes a Turn with the Subliminal Idea [Source]
1 Cousins, Norman. "Smudging the Subconscious," The Saturday Review 5 Oct. 1957: 20.
2 "James Vicary: Subliminal Svengali?" Sponsor 30 Nov. 1957: 42.
3 Advertising Research Foundation. The Application of Subliminal Perception in Advertising 1958: 6.
4 Danzig, Fred. "Subliminal Advertising — Today It's Just Historic Flashback for Researcher Vicary," Advertising Age 17 Sept. 1962: 72.
5 Danzig, 72.
6 Rogers, Stuart. "How a Publicity Blitz Created the Myth of Subliminal Advertising," Public Relations Quarterly 37 (Winter 1992-1993): 16.
7 Ogilvy, David. Confessions of an Advertising Man (New York: Atheneum, 1964) 93-103.
8 Key, Wilson Bryan. Media Sexploitation (New York: New American Library, 1976) 10.
9 Key, Wilson Bryan. The Clam-Plate Orgy (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1980) 2.
10 O'Toole, John. The Trouble with Advertising (New York: Times Books, 1980) 16.
11 Haberstroh, Jack. Ice Cube Sex The Truth About Subliminal Advertising (1994) 101.
12 Jock Elliott, Jr. (1921-2005) headed Ogilvy & Mather from 1965 to 1982. He was Chairman, U.S. Company 1965—75, Chairman of Ogilvy & Mather International 1975-82, and named Chairman Emeritus in 1982.
13 Haberstroh's article "Can't Ignore Subliminal Ad Charges" was featured as a cover story in Advertising Age, September 17, 1984. Elliott & Key's comments were made in response to it.
14 Pratkanis Anthony and Elliot Aronson, Age of Propaganda: The Everyday Use and Abuse of Persuasion (New York: W.H. Freeman & Co., 1992) 102.
15 Meade and MacKenzie's statements are quoted on http://www.snopes.com/business/hidden/pepsisex.asp
16 http://www.healingreiki.com/subliminal_pain_relief_dvd_video.html
17 http://www.getgirls.com/sublim.htm on October 20, 2005.
Media Credits
Fig. 3.1 Courtesy Ogilvy & Mather Worldwide, Inc.
Fig. 3.2 Picnic Dir. Joshua Logan, Columbia/Tristar © 1955.
Fig. 3.3 "'Persuaders' Get Deeply 'Hidden' Tool: Subliminal Projection," Advertising Age 16 Sept. 1957: 127.
Fig. 3.4 Walter Daran/Time & Life Pictures/Getty Images
Fig. 3.5 "James Vicary: Subliminal Svengali?" Sponsor 30 Nov. 1957: 43.
Fig. 3.6 Courtesy Pandora's Books Ltd http://www.pandora.ca
Fig. 3.7 © Bettmann/CORBIS
Fig. 3.8 From the author's collection.
Fig. 3.9 New Yorker 29 Nov. 1957: 94.
Fig. 3.10 From the author's collection.
Fig. 3.11Time 5 July 1971: 61.
Fig. 3.12 By permission of Wilson Bryan Key, from A&SR v 3.2 p. 3.
Fig. 3.13 By permission of Wilson Bryan Key, from A&SR v 3.2 p.10.
Fig. 3.14 By permission of Wilson Bryan Key, from A&SR v 3.2.
Fig. 3.15 Courtesy American Association of Advertising Agencies. http://www.aaaa.org.
Fig. 3.16 Photo by Paolo Crisante.
Fig. 3.17 Courtesy Saatchi & Saatchi.
Fig. 3.18 Atlantic Monthly, Apr., 1990.
Fig. 3.19 © Copyright 2002, Marc-André, http://www.ambilao.com/film_making/absolut.html.
Fig. 3.20 Courtesy Ji-Young Hong, CIAdvertising.org.
Fig. 3.21 Courtesy Springfield Paradise, Springfieldparadise.com.
Fig. 3.22 Josie and the Pussycats Dir. Harry Elfont and Deborah Kaplan, Universal Studios © 2001.
Fig. 3.23-25 Josie and the Pussycats.
Fig. 3.26 A Fish Called Wanda Dir. Charles Crichton, CBS/FOX © 1988.
William M. O'Barr is Professor of Cultural Anthropology at Duke University where he has taught since 1969. He holds secondary appointments in the Departments of Sociology and English. He has been a visiting professor at Northwestern, Dalhousie, and Oxford Universities. He has been recognized for his outstanding undergraduate teaching by both the Duke University Alumni Association and Trinity College (Duke University). His course, Advertising and Society: Global Perspectives, is one of Duke's most popular undergraduate courses. His many seminar courses include Advertising and Masculinity, Children and Advertising, and The Language of Advertising.
He is author or co-author of ten books, including Culture and the Ad: Exploring Otherness in the World of Advertising, Rules versus Relationships, and Just Words: Law, Language and Power. He has conducted anthropological research in East Africa, Japan, and the United States. In addition to his interest in social and cultural aspects of advertising, Professor O'Barr has researched law in a variety of cultural settings.
In 2000, he founded Advertising & Society Review and served as editor from 2000 to 2005. He is author of Advertising and Society — An Online Curriculum which will consist of 20 units published as supplements to AS&R.


text:
The Manteca Garden Club is having its monthly meeting today and wants to invite anyone interested in gardening.
In order to go forward with plans for a multi-purpose building at French Camp School, Manteca Unified received the OK last Monday on an out-of-service agreement with the City of Stockton for drinking and fire protection water.
Brian Dell' Osso is leaning against a rail some three stories off the ground, recounting testing the family's newest attraction – the one that I happened to be getting ready to try for the first time.
Manteca's unemployment picture – as well as that of every other community in San Joaquin County – bucked the statewide trend for the second straight month in September as more people went back to work.
Fifty-eight more homes – including 40 being touted as Manteca's first workforce housing neighborhood – are being presented to the City Council Tuesday for initial approval and annexation by declared Manteca mayoral candidate Ben Cantu.
Kids and parents alike can get a free taste of what the Boys & Girls Club is all about during the Lights after School Event this Thursday, Oct, 22, from 4 to 8 p.m.
It's a thankless job.
A quick response by Manteca firefighters keep flames from reaching the roof of the shuttered Mervyn's Department Store building Friday afternoon at about 3:30 p.m.
RIPON - It is arguably the fun run with the most interesting characters racing through one of San Joaquin County's most picturesque fall settings.
It's trash to you but to criminals it is a gold mine.
To save lives and educate all Californians, especially young drivers, about the dangers of distracted driving, the California Office of Traffic Safety (OTS), California Highway Patrol (CHP), Impact Teen Drivers, and more than 200 law enforcement agencies statewide are working together on increased education and enforcement efforts for National Distracted Driving Awareness Month in April and California Teen Safe Driving Week, the first week of April.
Manteca could have a state-of-the-art outpatient surgical center by early 2016.
The sound of pins crashing against one another, the faint aroma of fryer food and hundreds of pairs of shoes fill Charlotte Black's work space.
A two-year-old child with only diapers on was seen walking near a Black Lab Monday noon in the middle of Alameda Street causing motorists to pull to the side of the road for the child.
Bob Piccinini - the Manteca High graduate who parlayed his family's first grocery store they opened in Manteca into a chain of 243 stores throughout Northern California and Northern Nevada - passed away Tuesday. He was 73.
Lew Templeton turns the nozzle on his faucet in the front yard of his house and grabs the spray handle.
The mother-of-all Manteca McMansions - the massive 30,000-square-foot home built by a grape broker - may soon be a step closer to being part of the city.
A former principal at St. Anthony of Padua School in Manteca has come out of retirement to reprise his old administrative role at St. George's School in Stockton.
Manteca Police Chief Nick Obligacion doesn't just talk the talk when it comes to pedestrian safety. He walks the walk.
Work. Sweat. Screams.
The San Francisco Opera Guild is coming to George McParland Annex School.
They've been matched in competition and their columns appear in print together every Tuesday morning.
Recycling what we send down the drain could go a long way to making Manteca and surrounding farmland drought-proof.
Last year 130 people were arrested for driving under the influence in Lathrop.
Ulta Beauty is coming to Manteca.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
(This story first ran at PressConnects.com) BALTIMORE — At 26 years old, UFC light-heavyweight champion Jon Jones admits it is difficult even for him to realize he could soon be considered the best fighter in the history of mixed martial arts. But it's a reality (…)
Uh oh. Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) light heavyweight champion Jon Jones is going to defend his title against division No. 1 contender Anthony Johnson in the UFC 187 pay-per-view (PPV) main e read news >>
Chael Sonnen gave interesting answers about Jon Jones vs. Anthony Johnson and Anderson Silva's failed drug test Chael Sonnen was on Reddit for one of their 'Ask Me Anything' sessions, and the former read news >>
Former UFC light-heavyweight title challenger Alexander Gustafsson suggests that Anthony Johnson is stronger than Jon Jones, but expects the defending champ to retain the title. read news >>
Dana White talks Bellator, Chael Sonnen, Jon Jones and more with Bas Rutten read news >>
UFC legend Anderson Silva was set to coach on The Ultimate Fighter Brazil, but he got pulled after failing a UFC 183 drug test. Check out video of the moment that he was informed of the failure. Ande read news >>
If you want the accolades, you have to put the work in, first. With four submission victories inside the Octagon -- including his ridiculous standing guillotine choke on Lyoto Machida at UFC 140 thre read news >>
Jon Jones' jiu jitsu coach says the light heavyweight champion is still a white belt, and he's not going to get promoted just because he's a UFC star. UFC light heavyweight champion Jon Jones has sub read news >>
UFC light-heavyweight champion Jon 'Bones' Jones has caused all kinds of problems for his opponents with his unorthodox and highly damaging striking abilities, but top GLORY heavyweight kickboxer Ben read news >>
UFC light-heavyweight Ryan Bader suggested that he is capable of knocking Daniel Cormier out. read news >>


text:
They are going to get married but she isn't convinced about one thing that her future husband do
Category: Nice eyes lingerie tights
The secretary is a blonde who's always horny and happy. She loves sex and feels attracted to pow
Category: Hentai video cartoon porn anime
Dasha-jerk off for me while i jell off smokin hot one of my personal flavs
Category: Masterbation Adult Toys
It\'s not a good day for Annette Schwarz, because today she has to face Manuel Ferrara and it\'s
Category: Domination s&m sado
Dylan Ryder is a hot brunette with big tits and great ass. In this scene she's the n urse who is
Category: Busty big butt hot brunette
In this occasion we bring you the second part of a very hot scene in which a fanatic blond will
Category: Piercings ejaculation rides
Eva Green hot sex scene
Category: Eva Greencamelotcelebritycelebritiescelebsnakednudefuckridesextitboobtoplesslingeriethrough
This italian woman loves sex and sucking cocks and today she has decided to satisfy the guys and


text:
Our View
San Francisco should send resto moratorium back to kitchen
- Staff San Francisco Business Times
Repeating the same mistakes but expecting different results is a functional definition of insanity. Too often in San Francisco, it's a functional definition of city government.
City Hall has long been drawn to micromanaging various aspects of the local economy. These attempts are usually ineffective at their stated purpose and fraught with unintended consequences.
Indeed, it's hard to believe that a "restaurant moratorium" could credibly be considered for the San Francisco policy menu — yet again. But that's the recipe merchants on up-and-coming Valencia Street are working from.
In the view of the merchants, too many new restaurants are bringing too many people to their shopping street. There's a fear that rents could rise as a result and that more storefronts on the increasingly popular street could be replaced by restaurants, as several have been recently. With a restaurant moratorium, they reason, existing retailers have a better chance of staying, with rents lower than if landlords were free to play a truly open market.
The merchants' association is open about its motives: It exists to serve today's merchants, not those of the future. That includes restaurants that are, understandably, not wild about new competition. Why a San Francisco supervisor would consider it in his job description or his constituents' interest to assist merchants' self-interested quest for stasis is considerably less clear, but according to published reports, progressive supervisor David Campos has said he's receptive to the merchants' appeal.
It's not like we haven't been here before — and recently. Just a couple years ago, city supervisors were asked to undo some of the 1980s-era neighborhood restaurant restrictions that were preventing other local shopping streets from moving into the 21st century.
If you are commenting using a Facebook account, your profile information may be displayed with your comment depending on your privacy settings. By leaving the 'Post to Facebook' box selected, your comment will be published to your Facebook profile in addition to the space below.
Most Popular
- Most popular
- Emailed
- Mobile
- Rival Southern California city could greenlight Raiders stadium today
- Famed S.F. bakery bought by coffee powerhouse
- Lending Club feeds growth needs by nearly doubling S.F. office
- Gurbaksh "G" Chahal sued for alleged gender discrimination
- Coliseum City backers make case for public money in Raiders project
- Oakland holds out (slim) hope to keep Warriors
- More S.F. companies shed office space. Is it a sign of relief or
- Daughters of Charity system slashes workforce after sale collapses
- Luxury bus operator putting back wheelchair ramp after complaint
- S.F. luxury homes sales hit record
Interim County Auditor County of Kaua'i | Lihue, HI
Senior Software Engineer, AncestryHealth AncestryHealth | San Francisco, CA
Epidemiologist, AncestryHealth AncestryHealth | San Francisco, CA
Accountant KSSF Enterprises Ltd. | San Francisco, CA
Business Development Representative ValleyCrest |
Featured Property


text:
MJM Magic is a delightful company with which to do business. Their prices are keen and the free shipping is the icecing on the cake! Keep up the good...
Read More ->
I wanted to pass on my appreciation to what seems a very well run company. I rarely take the time to write feedback and to be honest many claim...
Read More ->
Cheaper Items Than The Rest -
More Items To Choose From
- Lifetime 10% Discount
- International Shipping
- Super...
Read More ->
I'm from Belgium and I ordered THE GECKO (it was a Preorder).
One week after (on Friday), The gecko was in Stock. MJM has shipped it IMMEDIATELY!...
Read More ->
All I can say is,
#1 They are for REAL, unlike some other 'Ellusions.'
#2 - they are not 'BIRDING' around like the penguins. #3 BEST customer...
Read More ->


text:
Recently I've been feeling very stressed for many different reasons. One day I'm okay and the next I'm stressed, my brain kicks in and starts making horrible predictions for my future. 381 more words
Tags » Techniques
Top 3 Habits of Great Copywriters
Great copywriters use these proven techniques to boost client interaction, increase page hits, minimise bounce rate and generate new leads.
Writing seems like an easy task, sure. 700 more words
The I's Have It
As a general rule, when you're writing in first person, it helps to know the narrator's assumed reader or listener – that is, the fictional person or persons that your fictional speaker is speaking or writing to. 326 more words
Exam Stress: Sacrificing Passions? Here's What To Do (Time Management)
Very often in this modern world we cannot find the time to do what we want to do; whether it is the lack of time to publish your latest novel, or if it is just your endlessly long to-read list that you want to get to. 700 more words
I managed to find an energy well near me. Really deep down, so it takes a while to get to it, but it's much quicker now that I know where it is. 131 more words
Bombay Velvet - Music Mix
Its been a while since I posted. We were completely held up with work and it became difficult to find some time to write this. We were working almost 16 hours a day now without a break! 1,493 more words
Useful Techniques To Apply To Your Next Email Marketing Campaign
Make use of the reliable power of email marketing by taking a look at the following tips!
Construct your email so that it sounds personal. As is the case with any type of marketing effort, a customer is more likely to engage in a… 552 more words


text:
Former Vancouver Mayor, Sam Sullivan, hosts another season of salons featuring short presentations by Vancouver's leaders and thinkers on ideas they think you should know about Nov. 9, Feb. 8 and May 31. Mr. Sullivan's goal is to present a cross-section of the most interesting people in Vancouver and the ideas and insights they have about our city. What is in store for Nov. 9?
Judy Illes of the BC Brain Research Center is an expert on how startling discoveries about the brain are forcing us to rethink ethical assumptions; Peter Klein, former Producer of 60 Minutes, is uncovering how the war on drugs is starving poor countries of medical morphine leaving sick people without pain relief; Dale McKay is the winner of Top Chef Canada; Setty Pendakur helped develop the plans for False Creek and saved the Roundhouse and now serves as Advisor to China at the highest level; Harvard trained Dr. Shimi Kang is unraveling the tangle of concurrent disorders; John Korsrud founded the Hard Rubber Orchestra and will demonstrate how four trombones can explore emotions in astonishing ways; Shannen O'Brien is a young woman from Vancouver who has single-handedly provided education and hope to hundreds of young women in rural Ghana; Max Cameron is mining the thoughts of Aristotle and Montesquieu for ways to improve our own democracy.
Green College is a co-sponsor of the salon and has a limited number of complimentary tickets available for UBC faculty, staff and students.
Additional tickets are available online for $20. Tickets for the salon and pre-salon dinner/reception with the speakers are $90.
Public Salon: Ideas That Move the City
Hosted by Sam Sullivan, Former Mayor of Vancouver
The Vancouver Playhouse Theatre (Southeast corner of Hamilton and Dunsmuir Streets
November 09 7:30 pm - 9:00 pm
- Professor Airini gives the fifth talk in a special Green College lecture series on Ideas of the University in the Early 21st Century.
- February 03, 2015Don Hannah's one-woman show was performed at Green College in 2011 and received the Carol Bolt Award from the Playwrights Guild of Canada. The show begins a limited run next month in Halifax.
- January 29, 2015Applications are currently being accepted for one influential scholar, activist, artist, leader or practitioner for a 4-month residence
- August 25, 2014Check back later this fall for blog entries from Green College Resident Members.
- August 25, 2014Check out new lecture series coming this fall!


text:
Yarn Rescue Featured
Selling colorful, fun and funky Handspun Yarns for your crafty pleasures! All are unique and one-of-a-kind creations. Also offering handsculpted Monster Knitting Needles. Come feed the monsters!
Reviews (0)
Be the first to review this listing!
On Newsstands Now: Apr/May 2015
Trending on BUST
Upcoming Events
Lady Boss: Get The Guts To Negotiate-Workshop (NYC) Tue Apr 21 @ 6:30PM - 08:30PM |
Jillian Tamaki on tour this Spring with SuperMutant Magic Academy (CA) Fri Apr 24 @ 7:30PM - 11:00PM |
Laughs on Loop Variety Show Hosted by the Courage Campaign: CTA Sat Apr 25 @ 7:00PM - 09:45PM |
Even More Care In Queens (NYC) Tue Apr 28 @ 8:00AM - 05:00PM |
Jillian Tamaki on tour this Spring with SuperMutant Magic Academy (Toronto) Tue Apr 28 @ 7:00PM - 11:00PM |


text:
Teachers' strike holds strong in Baja
Bob McPhail 12:30 p.m., April 26
Posted June 30, 2013
What to do in this four-seasons getaway, a 2.5-hour drive north.
I've got a few days off and not a lot of cash... what can I do? I know – I'll go to Big Bear Lake in the San Bernardino Mountains. I've taken my family there ...


text:
facebook IPO
Facebook files for $5 billion IPO; saw $1 billion profit in 2011
Read Mark Zuckerberg's IPO letter
Facebook filed for a $5 billion initial public offering Wednesday, saying it raked in $1 billion in profits in 2011.
The world's biggest social networking company said in the filing that its annual revenue in 2011 was $3.7 billion, its operating income was $1.8 billion and its net income was $1 billion, according to a filing with the SEC.
It said it has a total of 845 million users, 483 million of them who come to the site daily.
The Menlo Park-based company said it would trade on either the New York Stock Exchange or the NASDAQ. Facebook said it plans to use the ticker symbol FB.
Morgan Stanley was chosen as the banking lead on the offering, expected to happen as early as May.
Four other banks will join Morgan Stanley to underwrite the offering in a deal that is expected to generate as much as $500 million in fees: Goldman Sachs, Bank of America Merrill Lynch, Barclays Capital and JP Morgan.
The filing is expected to eclipse any Silicon Valley offering before it, including Google Inc. 's $2 billion offering in 2004.
Related TechFlash and Silicon Valley / San Jose Business Journal coverage of the Facebook IPO:
Slideshow: Facebook's road to an IPO
What will Facebook's new millionaires do with their riches?
All the big Facebook IPO questions to be answered?
Report: Facebook set to file IPO plan to raise $5 billion
Greg Lamm covers banking & finance and law for the Puget Sound Business Journal.
If you are commenting using a Facebook account, your profile information may be displayed with your comment depending on your privacy settings. By leaving the 'Post to Facebook' box selected, your comment will be published to your Facebook profile in addition to the space below.
Most Popular
- Most popular
- Emailed
- Mobile
- What really had Nadella excited during yesterday's earnings report?
- Here's why you should be anxious about Microsoft's earnings report
- AWS revealed: Amazon shares pop in anticipation of AWS details
- High-rises up, Amazon apparently out as owner of this Seattle block
- Earnings extra: Alaska Airlines, Amazon, Microsoft and Starbucks
- Developers circle Seattle high-rise development site by Amazon HQ
- Patti Payne's Cool Pads: $7 million San Juan Island estate
- Here's the likely builder of huge complex at Capitol Hill rail station
- F5 names company leader as new CEO to take over from John McAdam
- Seattle Children's planning 13-story downtown research facility
Email Subscriptions
Sponsored by
People on the Move
Interim County Auditor County of Kaua'i | Lihue, HI
Independent Sales Rep Flight Systems Automotive Group | Northwest United States
Marketing Coordinator Coughlin Porter Lundeen | Seattle, WA
Chief of Staff Gonzaga University | Spokane, WA
Account Executive Puget Sound Business Journal | Seattle, WA


text:
Nick Cannon and Mariah Celebrated Easter Together
Ex-power couple Mariah Carey, 45, and Nick Cannon, 34, got together briefly on Sunday to celebrate the Easter holiday with their 3-year-old twins Monroe and Moroccan Carey in New York.
Mariah uploaded this Instagram.com image of herself with Nick and their adorable twins on Sunday.
Amber Rose Makes a Desperate Public Plea for Wiz Khalifa (It Didn't work)
Socialite Amber Rose still has not gotten over her ex-husband, rapper Wiz Khalifa. Can you blame her? Based on her history of using men to come up, it doesn't look like a man will ever put a ring on her finger again. Strippers and hookers (not all of them) tend to be devoid of real, emotional feelings for anything other than money, shoes and handbags.
Celebs Out & About: Nick Cannon & Amber Rose, Rihanna, Pharrell & Helen Williams, Nicole Murphy
Power couple Pharrell Williams and Helen Lasichanh were spotted leaving a high end clothing boutique in the SoHo area of NYC on Wednesday. Helen is such a boy. I heard that there is a certain species of men who actively seek out masculine women because these men have homosexual tendencies but they can't quite make that mental leap to having raw sex with a man. Have you heard that, too?
Photos: Alberto Reyes/WENN.com
Celebs Out & About: Robin Thicke, Khloe Kardashian, Amber Rose
Singer Robin Thicke and his new 20-something girlfriend took his son Julian grocery shopping at Bristol Farms in West Hollywood, California, over the weekend. Julian's mom is actress Paula Patton.
Photos: INFphoto.com
Celebs Out & About: Alicia Keys, Kanye West & Kim Kardashian, Gwen Stefani, Amber Rose
Songbird Alicia Keys was spotted leaving 30 Rockefeller Center in New York City today. The mother-of-2 recently shared a photo of her and music producer Swizz Beatz's new son, Genesis Ali Dean.
Photos: RogerWong/INFphoto.com
'Black Madam' Testified He Administered Butt Shots to Celebrities Including Amber Rose
A Philadelphia rapper on trial for murder testified that he administered liquid silicone butt injections to Hollywood celebrities including Amber Rose and "Chris Brown's girlfriend."
Padge-Victoria Windslowe, a 43-year-old transgender rapper who performed under the name "Black Madam", is on trial for 3rd degree murder in the 2011 death of 20-year-old British dancer Claudia Aderotimi.
Kanye West Confirms Tyga Dating Jail Bait Kylie Jenner; Says He Felt Dirty After Dating Amber Rose
Rap musician Kanye West dropped 2 bombs yesterday: first, he confirmed rampant rumors that rapper Tyga is dating his teenage sister-in-law, Kylie Jenner, and 2nd, he said he felt dirty after dating socialite Amber Rose for 2 years.


text:
Credits & Info
- Uploaded
- Feb 18, 2006 | 11:24 AM EST
If you liked this, check these out!
Infectonator : Hot Chase by toge-games
- Game
- Rated T
- 99,410 Views
goomba frenzy 1.8 by Alexman159
- Game
- Rated E
- 9,606 Views
Sundial snake by sundial-clock
- Game
- Rated E
- 2,934 Views
Castanea by Mateusz-Skutnik
- Game
- Rated E
- 2,894 Views
The ORB Game by Mehrdad14
- Game
- Rated E
- 5,786 Views
UFOMania 2. Neon Galaxy by quarob
- Game
- Rated T
- 5,440 Views
Plenty more like this here!
Salad Fingers A strange cartoon about a creature who loves to touch rusty metal.
Author Comments
Salad fingers lust for rust. Character design by David Firth, Game Development by David Ellis. For anyone who likes salad fingers and wants to
waste some time!!
Please dont take this game to seriously. Firth is a friend of mine and I just wanted to put something together. ITS JUST TO MESS ABOUT WITH!!
Rated 5 / 5 stars
I like it
It's a good game, though I think he would love alot of the bad things, and it is hard to avoid the little boys.
Rated 5 / 5 stars
I love it!
This is SO cute! I love it!
Though I think that the rust level bar lowers a little too fast
But that's ok ^^


text:
Enthusiastic - Positive attitude
Generous, good sense of humor
Like travelling and meeting new people and cultures
Athletic & sporty
crossfit, music and coffee
law & international business student
Jose has completed online and offline ID verification.
Jose's communication was fantastic and he remained attentive throughout my stay in Cali. The apartment was as expected - basic but with everything needed, clean and well located in a safe and convenient part of Cali.
Es un excelente sitio para visitar Cali, el barrio muy seguro completísimo, tiene todo a 2 cuadras, restaurantes buenos y otros económicos de buena calidad, esta perfecta ubicación hace que uno pueda llegar caminando a la mayoría de sitios turísticos relevantes de la ciudad, como anfitrión José hace un excelente trabajo, disfrute mucho mi estancia corta en Cali.
Very safe and nice neighbourhood in Cali. Excellent service prodided by Alvaro and José. José was constantly asking about my experience and if he could help with anything, that was highy appreciated for a first-time visitor to Cali. Pick-up service from airport was provided for a resonable rate, which included a stop at the grocery store on the way back. My apartment's bedroom was facing the street which could be slightly disturbing sometimes, but not a big deal.
The apartment was great. The fan is very good. I have a metal plate in my back and I slept really well on the semi-firm mattress. The location is very good, it's 2 blocks from pizza, sushi, hooters, and juan Valdez coffee. I felt safe there. For the same price as a taxi, Jose picked me up from the Airport and took me back. He also called the airlines for me and recovered my lost luggage.
First the Good: Jose was incredibly prompt in answering my messages and meeting me late at night when I arrived. He always made himself available although I never needed his help. Apartment #3 was very clean, and the building is on a short side street, near to all of the restaurants and clubs in Granada. I walked everywhere: el Peñon, el centro, and to Chipichape. Also, the kitchen allowed me to make breakfast and small meals. Next the Warning: There is no air conditioning but it is not needed and the fan in the bedroom was sufficient. This is because all apartments in the building are open in back to create a cross breeze. However, this also means you can hear everything from all of the other units: conversations, music, screaming toddlers. This is a part of latin american life and for me it wasn't an issue, but it could be for others. I always bring earplugs when I travel and those helped on this trip. Finally Room for Improvement: the bedding is always the most important part of guest stay and unfortunately it simply wasn't up to standard here. The mattress was hard and you could feel the springs, the pillows were paper thin, and the sheets were old and pilling. If these were all upgraded, I feel the price for the unit would be reasonable. But as it stands now, given the noise and bedding issues, this was the first place I've stayed in airbnb where the cost benefit simply didn't measure up.
My first night to stay in this apartment, I was a little late to collect the keys. I initially said I would be there at 10pm I believe, but was more near 11pm. I called and whatsapp'd Alvaro multiple times, only to be greeted by either no answer or a phone that was turned off. He previously gave me his son's number to contact too, to which I must have called a dozen times and again, no answer. Splendid! My first night in a new country and I had no apartment and no one made an effort to return my phone call. Luckily, I had a friend here, so I stayed with them, until I finally got into my new digs. The apartment was different than what I rented, My receipt shows number 6, I was given number 2. The overall apartment was clean on first glance, but then I noticed the bed sheets had cigarette burns on them. Gross. I texted Jose (Alvaro's son) and he did bring new ones, but I did have to remind him. Next, the bathroom has termites or something similar. Nearly every morning there was a saw dust like substance under the door that I had to sweep up... The bathroom light didn't work also, I asked a few times for this to be seen to, and nothing happened. One day, about a month in, I heard a key in the lock trying to open the door, and opened it find the grandmother who thought the apartment was empty... She rang Alvaro, and he said his son told him the apartment was empty. An isolated incident, unfortunately not... This happened again. I was in bed with my girlfriend on a Saturday morning, and she woke me up to tell me she heard noises outside and someone trying to open the door. I opened up to Alvaro's son. He had guests with him, then apologised and said he thought it was empty... Please look at your bookings as to not let this happen again for future guests! Twice is absolutely ridiculous. The below are things that I understand are out of the control of the owner but important to note for future guests. Within the apartment, you can hear and smell everything. If you're not a fan of smoking, look elsewhere because the upstairs neighbours cigarette smell goes right down into the apartment. Also, I'm on holiday I am used to parties and music at crazy hours. But 7am on a Monday morning, the upstairs neighbours REALLY love their salsa and turn it up pretty loud that it can wake me (heavy sleeper). Lastly, on my last day in the apartment, I text Alvaro to let him know I put his key under the door, no reply, nothing. I never did actually meet the guy and sometimes I never got a response from whatsapp. So to finish, Granada is a great neighbourhood with plenty of bars and restaurants, but would I stay here again? Absolutely...
Nice and clean apartment, wifi internet worked very well. Very nice zone, with plenty of bars and restaurants nearby. Also a washing machine so i could wash my clothes in the apartment. I would recommend staying here.
I booked 4 nights in this apartment. Upon arrival, I was given a one-room studio apartment within the same building. This apartment was smaller and had a substantially different layout than the one I'd rented. Additionally, there were issues with cleanliness and amenities (broken TV, hot water heater for shower blew a fuse with each use, kitchen not well-equipped). The positives: the building is nice & in a great neighborhood, wifi & the refrigerator worked well, and the owners were very responsive. The owners did offer to give me another apartment on the following day (though still not the one I'd booked). Since they were insistent I'd gotten the best apartment they had available and I'd already spent several hours on my 1st day in Cali dealing with the above issues, I chose to stay put. One of the reasons I booked this apartment was the many stellar reviews from other guests. Perhaps if I'd actually received the apartment I rented, I would have had a positive experience as well. Hopefully Alvaro will not pull another 'bait-and-switch' with future guests. However I feel it's only fair to share what happened to me so others can be aware. Separately - once I alerted AirBnB to the situation, they responded quickly & appropriately.
I stayed for a week and had a very good time. I can definitely recommend staying at Alvaro's apartments. Alvaro manages the property with his son, Jose, who was my main point of contact and always responded to queries immediately. The property is located in Granada, one of the best areas in Cali and very central. You will find plenty of places to go out or shop in walking distance. The apartment comes with all modern cons and it was pretty interesting to stay in a property that is very genuinely Colombian and not a sterile newly-built property. Overall my experience was very good, convenient and I experienced no problems whatsoever.
Alvaro's apartments are in one of the safest and most convenient locations in Cali. There are restaurants and markets literally within 1 minute walking distance. There is a police hospital and church one block away. It is in a quiet location that gets fresh air from being close to the side of a mountain. Alvaro's son Jose helped me with anything I needed and speaks fluent English. This place was so awesome that I had to extend longer than the 1 month that I booked for. I highly recommend anyone visiting Cali to stay in one of Alvaro's 3 apartments. It is the best location for first time visitors, or people who come here a lot as well.
Todo muy bien. Un real gusto conocer a Alvaro, el papá de José. También es un Airbnb Host, muy interesante conversar con él de los negocios que tiene y estaré más que feliz que ir a hospedarme en sus spots en Cali. Más que bienvenido en cualquier ocasión en que regrese al DF!
Was a delight to have him as a guest. He treated my home as if it was his own, super clean, with a highly positive attitude. Truly a great experience and I look forward to host him again.
Really glad Alvaro picked my place in Bangkok. He's a really great guest - clean, neat, quiet. And he got along well with other guests, too, which makes me feel better (knowing that my guests are sight seeing in groups rather than alone). Happy to recommend him to all other hosts!


text:
Buy online front row tickets for all Concert, Theater and Sporting events, and tickets to all sold out major events.
Sport, Concert and Theater tickets are hot and Frontrow.com has tickets to all your favorite events, including the Miami Heat Games, College Football and Super Bowl. We can get you "In the door" or the best seats to all games and events. Talk to one of our specialists or order online 24/7. Frontrow.com has a solid reputation of 22 years in the business selling tickets. Front row can get you tickets for all the, Playoffs and all NBA Games.
Conference USA Tournament is always a great hit with every crowd. We stock all Conference USA Tournament tickets to every Conference USA Tournament show! Frontrow.com is your souce for premium Conference USA Tournament tickets. Let us put you right up front and see Conference USA Tournament like you've never seen before, up close and personal. Order online or call toll free at 800-881-7691 and speak to a frontrow concert experts.
BUY - SELL Conference USA Tournament Tickets
Sell Your Conference USA Tournament Tickets
Frontrow.com provides the ervice of finding and obtaining tickets to events worldwide. We are a private company not affiliated with any venue, stadium, promoter, theater or box office, the MLB, NBA, NFL, NCAA, NHL,NBA or any of their teams. Trademark, trade names, and copyrights, used in this web site are only for descriptive purposes. We Do not act with the permission or on behalf of any of above mentioned organizations.. We provide Conference USA Tournament tickets through a range of sources and contacts. Prices for Conference USA Tournament tickets are often higher than the ticket's face value, reflecting costs of finding and aquiring premium Conference USA Tournament Tickets.
About us
Front Row is a quality ticket broker for all concerts, theater, and sporting events. Front Row sells the finest Conference USA Tournament packages and tickets. If tickets you are searching for are not available, please check back as we always update and list new tickets in our huge inventory. Conference USA Tournament schedules are on our web site. Just click to see our real-time online concert, sport and theater tickets.
Frontrowcom has the largest inventory of Conference USA Tournament Tickets on the secondary ticket market. Call today for up to the latest information on ticket availability and prices since we constantly purchase new event tickets. If you want to go to a special Conference USA Tournament event; we are your ticket broker for sold out Tickets. Front Row welcomes corporate accounts seeking premium tickets for entertaining clients.
Front Row has been a ticket broker for over two decades. Our mission statement is to give our clients the best service, lowest prices and reliability. When searching for Conference USA Tournament Tickets or other events, Call Frontrow.com where our professional team can offer you the ultimate Conference USA Tournament Tickets experience.
Front Row.com is for all of your other ticketing needs. Frontrow.com sells tickets to all concert tours nationwide. Not only do we sell Conference USA Tournament tickets but we also buy Conference USA Tournament tickets, NFL tickets, NCAA tickets, NHL tickets, NBA, MLB, all golf tickets, tennis, title fight tickets, concerts, family show tickets, and theater tickets including Broadway and Las Vegas shows. Call Frontrow.com today for Conference USA Tournament Tickets ; and all of your entertainment needs! Frontrow.com strives to provide our patrons the utmost quality service and competitive pricing. If any event isn't listed; please phone us for any hard to find or special requests.
PURCHASING AND AVAILABILITY OF Conference USA Tournament Tickets
Click the above link for Conference USA Tournament info and front row tickets to events across the country and globe. You can buy tickets for Conference USA Tournament on our web site by selecting your specific venue and time. When searching for Conference USA Tournament tickets that are unavailable or sold-out from other sources, contact Frontrowcom, your source of front row tickets. If you don't see tickets on our frontrow web site or don't want to order online, don't hesitate to call us toll free at 800-881-ROW-1. We are ticket pro's and offer data about buying tickets, schedules and venue maps. Frontrow.com offers an vast inventory of theater, concert, sport event tickets with constant updates. At Frontrow.com; our goal is offering the largest selection of Conference USA Tournament tickets on the secondary market. Use "Click Here" links to check future events, schedules and seating charts. Our Conference USA Tournament inventory has up to the hour accuracy. However, if tickets you want are not available, please contact us and our staff will guide you through available options in the same or similar category to your original ticket choice.
Ticket delivery
All tickets are sent via Federal Express. Once you locate Conference USA Tournament tickets you want to buy, they can be purchased online via our secure encrypted server. If you prefer more personal service, call us today and speak to any of our ticket brokers. Conference USA Tournament tickets are usually sent within 6-24 hours. Your shipping address must match the billing address of your credit card. If you wish to ship to an alternate address; we require ID. Please contact one of our ticket experts to provide you with excellent service.
Ticket refund policy
All Conference USA Tournament sales and all other event tickets are final.
Cougars eliminated from USA South tournament GoDanRiver.com ROCKY MOUNT, N.C. --- The Averett University softball team's quest for a USA South Athletic Conference tournament championship came to a screeching halt on Saturday afternoon at the hands of second-seeded William Peace, as the Pacers (21-14-1) ... |
Murfreesboro Post | Will mid-week woes hurt Blue Raiders' NCAA Regional hopes Murfreesboro Post It's still a long way to go in terms of who will emerge as champion of Conference USA, but the Blue Raiders have certainly put themselves in position to come out with the No. 1 seed in the tournament. However, as it appears right now MTSU would probably ... and more » |
Herd Tennis Gets Revenge; Advances to C-USA Championship HNN Huntingtonnews.net HOUSTON – For the first time since 2010, No. 2 seed (no. 60 nationally) Marshall tennis advances to the finals of the 2015 Conference USA Tournament. With impressive doubles play and straight-set singles wins by a trio of sophomores, the Herd gained ... and more » |
Saturday&aposs multi-sport college and local roundup: Salisbury ends Standard Bulletin Texas-San Antonio, the No. three seed, upended tournament host Old Dominion 4-2 in a Conference USA semifinal. Adam Moundir and Javier Jover Maestre gained singles wins for the Monarchs, whose leading player, Carlos Lopez Villa, incurred a rare loss ... and more » |
UTSA Athletics | UTSA upsets No. 58 Old Dominion to advance to Conference USA Tournament ... UTSA Athletics NORFOLK, Va. — Joao Riquelme outlasted Theophile Lanthiez in three sets to help UTSA upset No. 58 Old Dominion in the Conference USA Tournament semifinals on Saturday at the Folkes-Stevens Tennis Center. The Roadrunners improved to 16-8 on the ... and more » |
Check out Frontrow.com for all your tickets needs. We've got great sources for any event ranging from concert tickets to World Series tickets, Book of Mormon tickets, and Las Vegas show tickets. And don't forget the chance to score big on Broadway tickets and once in a lifetime events like the National Final Rodeo, the 2016 Super Bowl or the Daytona 500. Our inventory covers all types of entertainment and special events. With the biggest selection of concerts, sports, and theater tickets around, you can't go wrong with tickets from Frontrow.com.


text:
We have added the following products to your shopping cart from a previous visit:
Region: Napa Valley, California
Varietal: Sauvignon Blanc
Other Info: Screw Cap Wines
Style: Light & Crisp
Alcohol By Volume: 13%
Item no. 105540
This wine has an elegant, floral, fruity nose, with flavors of grapefruit, fig and peaches. It is very clean in the mouth and finishes smooth. A wonderful wine for food pairing as it will compliment many different flavors.


text:
Our Personal Stylists can help find a gift. Learn more.
Exclusive finds with a new theme each month.
Shop: Pop-In
Our director of creative projects shares what she's into.
Read More
Stay updated with a steady stream of new info.
The exquisitely tailored silhouette of a square-neck sheath is covered in an elegant floral motif.
Watch the video: Dress Fit Fundamentals
Learn More: The Best Dress for Your Body Type


text:
View Diary: Howard Kurtz is just *appalled* that Jason Collins dated a womanfolk. UPDATE: Kurtz Fired (284 comments)
Comment Preferences
Diary Recommended By
SME in Seattle, KeithH, TXdem, RF, Bill in Portland Maine, Radiowalla, deben, TrueBlueMajority, karlpk, alicia, Fishgrease, Wintermute, billlaurelMD, akeitz, eeff, Mnemosyne, blksista, wenchacha, hnichols, RubDMC, missLotus, susans, TracieLynn, boadicea, mrblifil, farmerhunt, roses, sngmama, Cedwyn, sidnora, aitchdee, wader, revsue, Quege, Redfire, SneakySnu, psnyder, virginislandsguy, texasmom, Steven Payne, samoashark, riverlover, walkshills, outragedinSF, zerelda, Sembtex, tomjones, Black Max, Emmy, sebastianguy99, TexMex, oortdust, ExStr8, Tinfoil Hat, blueyedace2, caul, Alice Venturi, triciawyse, ZappoDave, terrypinder, Dobber, Beetwasher, bleeding blue, Overseas, blue jersey mom, kaliope, Shotput8, Ginny in CO, FindingMyVoice, kerplunk, peacestpete, kathny, noweasels, begone, esquimaux, Debbie in ME, Patriot Daily News Clearinghouse, myboo, edwardssl, mr crabby, raptavio, fou, twigg, JVolvo, doinaheckuvanutjob, middleagedhousewife, Hedwig, Temmoku, markthshark, Little, Nulwee, Aaa T Tudeattack, old wobbly, pgm 01, gloriana, EdSF, puakev, FishOutofWater, wildweasels, Matt Z, terabytes, sfbob, joedemocrat, jayden, second gen, millwood, OIL GUY, Wreck Smurfy, madgranny, vet, roycej, Empower Ink, gizmo59, MKinTN, tejanablue, wayoutinthestix, rontun, 6412093, Sixty Something, bythesea, Calamity Jean, royce, pamelabrown, Cassandra Waites, pickandshovel, TokenLiberal, Jeff Y, catly, Gemina13, glendaw271, petulans, DavidW, oldliberal, legendmn, maggiejean, pileta, jarbyus, Tara the Antisocial Social Worker, FrugalGranny, Remediator, johnosahon, Tortmaster, davespicer, Leftcandid, Its the Supreme Court Stupid, commonmass, FogCityJohn, serendipityisabitch, gramofsam1, kjoftherock, CS in AZ, mookins, Polly Syllabic, Things Come Undone, womankind, Eddie L, pixxer, Puddytat, DiegoUK, roystah, DrTerwilliker, ericlewis0, Loose Fur, science nerd, stevenaxelrod, slice, dpwks, Onomastic, kerflooey, surfermom, MidwestTreeHugger, Plox, BlackQueen40, Sand Hill Crane, SoCaliana, NormAl1792, thomask, awsdirector, PrescottPatriot, SueM1121, stevie avebury, Mets102, cactusgal, Miggles, MikeBoyScout, AnnetteK, anodnhajo, Williston Barrett, Chrislove, nellgwen, S F Hippie, CA ridebalanced, peachcreek, pittie70, doroma, Buckeye54, cassandracarolina, jennyp, raina, Glen The Plumber, Robynhood too, TheLawnRanger, Chaddiwicker, DamselleFly, broths, Aunt Pat, howabout, Avilyn, rigcath, tampaedski, pragmaticidealist, Jim Domenico, The Marti, NT Toons, hamjudo, eagleray, OldSoldier99, RocketJSquirrel, Penny GC
- Chloe Hugh was in the middle of her final shift at Boss Hawg's Barbecue in Topeka, Kansas when Governor Sam Brownback and his family sat down in her section. Upset by Brownback's repeated assault on ...24 comments 107 Recs
- Yup, I'm Rec-begging on this one 'cus I am *angry* (if not surprised). One week ago I posted en entry titled "Color me shocked: Michigan GOP State Senator spewing nonsense" , which documented an ...63 comments 381 Recs
- Now that charges have been filed in the Police Murder of Freddie Gray we've begun to hear the excuses and counter claims that the Prosecutor " Overcharged ", was "Politically Motivated" in ...38 comments 120 Recs
- Officer Justin Craven after being charged with misconduct in the shooting death of Ernest Satterwhite On April 7, two white police officers in South Carolina were arrested for shooting and ...69 comments 130 Recs
- 80 comments 164 Recs
- The Satanic Temple begins legal aid fund to offer exemptions against, and actively challenge, arbitrary, insulting, and outright harmful anti-abortion legislation. The Satanic Temple (TST), ...26 comments 84 Recs
- The lovely month of May is upon us, when a young (hearted) critter's fancy turns to whatever a young heart fancies. In the case of pooties, it's often...Fancy Feast.27 comments 15 Recs
- New hashtag promoted by the Baltimore Police Union What in the world? After six Baltimore police officers were arrested on felony charges in ...41 comments 46 Recs
- He doesn't mention David Brooks, of course, but [Paul Krugman clearly is directing his column today http://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/04/opinion/paul-krugman-race-class-and-neglect.html?hp&action=click&...20 comments 66 Recs
- When it comes down to it, the president has a problem. No one doubts that he is wicked smart. And there's the rub when it comes to the Trans Pacific Partnership: if he was, say, Sarah Palin-level ...7 comments 23 Recs
- I tried to write a roundup of what's going down in New York on Saturday but was thwarted by the internet gnomes that were migrating Big Orange at the time. A lot has happened since then! Here's ...8 comments 11 Recs
- Wow, Mitt Romney. Just wow. At a time when even many Republicans are pretending to care about ...24 comments 24 Recs
Recent Diaries
- Hello world! Although this is my first Daily Kos diary, I'm willing to bet at least a few people on this site have read my name before, even if you don't recognize it. My name, by the way, is ...1 comments 0 Recs
- I have seen many attempts at political self-promotion over the years, but this may be the first time a presidential candidate's ...16 comments 9 Recs
- He might just make the cut with primary ...1 comments 2 Recs
- Support the Ashley McKenzie Legal Defense Fund: http://bit.ly/1DAat5E Hello everyone, I'm new to Daily Kos, so I apologize if I'm breaking any rules here. My friend is currently facing 6-15 years ...1 comments 0 Recs
- Wrote a blog for this one. Check it out at Claytoonz . Follow me on Twitter .1 comments 4 Recs
- The lovely month of May is upon us, when a young (hearted) critter's fancy turns to whatever a young heart fancies. In the case of pooties, it's often...Fancy Feast.27 comments 15 Recs
- It is a privilege and a duty even by sacrifice to advance our priceless cause. I am therefore ready to receive the sentence this court should declare itself without either authority, right or ...2 comments 3 Recs
- I tried to write a roundup of what's going down in New York on Saturday but was thwarted by the internet gnomes that were migrating Big Orange at the time. A lot has happened since then! Here's ...8 comments 11 Recs
- If any Kossacks wish to gain a powerful insight into national and global economics, this book would be a good place to start. I highly recommend it, with one proviso. . .1 comments 0 Recs
- As they say on the island. Chilling on a Monday.2 comments 4 Recs
- The group "Save Our Allegheny Ridges" (SOAR) meets in the pilots' lounge at the Mifflin County Airport. I heard about the group when I attended a regional glider competition, just to watch them ...1 comments 2 Recs
- DKos Radio's KITM podcast: Garland; GunFAIL; where's Rand? B'more fallout; mutual funds & inequalityFiorina and Carson formally join the 2016 race. Noted crazy ...1 comments 0 Recs
- The entire country has moved so far to the right we need to understand what the true meaning of these parties are. Republicans are now Fascists Democrats are the new Republicans Socialists are the ...11 comments 2 Recs
- German men and women cleaning up the remains of Berlin after World War II. Watch the mesmerizing color footage of a bombed and burned out Berlin—taken in July 1945—roughly two months after ...9 comments 13 Recs
- When it comes down to it, the president has a problem. No one doubts that he is wicked smart. And there's the rub when it comes to the Trans Pacific Partnership: if he was, say, Sarah Palin-level ...7 comments 23 Recs
- Nugent votes to continue gag order on VA doctors denying access to and advice concerning the use of medical marijuana for veterans, in states where it is legal.2 comments 0 Recs
- (a gospel response to some of the sillier homophobic hypocrisy exhibited by opponents of marriage equality)5 comments 5 Recs
- Wow, Mitt Romney. Just wow. At a time when even many Republicans are pretending to care about ...24 comments 24 Recs
- Congress has a little under a month to reauthorize expiring provisions of the ...1 comments 4 Recs
- The officers who killed Freddie Gray have finally been formally charged with murder and manslaughter. Three of the six officers are African-American. ...18 comments 12 Recs


text:
India is Israel's largest buyer of military hardware and it was the first visit by any Israeli Defence Minister to this country.
Is Israel a democracy? The answer is not so straightforward, and it increasingly matters given the diplomatic fallout over hardliner Benjamin Netanyahu's reelection last week.
Shares of Kalyani Group companies surged up to 20 per cent today after the Group and Israel's Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd announced formation of a Joint Venture company in India.
Iran is seeking to open a "third front" against Israel using Hezbollah fighters on the Syrian Golan Heights, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said.
US President Barack Obama is firmly committed to denying Iran a nuclear weapon, Washington's ambassador to the United Nations Samantha Power said Monday.
Obama called Netanyahu to say that deal represents significant progress toward a lasting solution that cuts off all Iran's pathways to a nuclear weapon.
Netanyahu, who was elected to a third term this week in a close-fought general election, spoke to the US Congress during his campaign to denounce the agreement under negotiation as a "bad deal".
This is in contrast with the 2005-2009 period when India's imports were 23 per cent below China's and just over double of those of Pakistan.


text:
GOP lawmakers' budget priorities don't include governor's initiative
Kory Holdaway, government relations director for the Utah Education Association, was pleased with much of what he saw on the GOP list, especially the funding for enrollment growth and the 2 percent increase in the state funding formula.
The more than $100 million in new, ongoing funding for public education, he said, "is a big deal and very appreciated."
But Holdaway expressed concern that lawmakers didn't address the federal funds being lost by school districts as the result of the automatic budget cuts known as sequestration that took effect March 1.
The cuts, estimated at $9 million or more, largely will be felt by schools that serve low-income students and special education programs. Legislative leaders have said the state would not step in to make up lost federal dollars.
"I am a little disappointed that the Legislature has chosen to ignore the decrease," Holdaway said. "The local districts are going to have to raise that on their own."
Democrats, seeing the list for the first time Thursday, expressed frustration over what items weren't included.
Rep. Patrice Arent, D-Millcreek, said funding for the Sundance Film Festival and other Democratic priorities discussed in the Business, Economic Development and Labor Appropriations Subcommittee didn't make the final GOP cut.
The Republican's list for that subcommittee included everything from $1.5 million for state-controlled liquor stores to $95,000 for the Utah Marriage Commission, which would be enshrined into state law under pending legislation.
"I just don't even know what to say on this budget," Arent said. "This is a very different list in a lot of ways than what we saw."
Contributing: Dennis Romboy, Ben Wood and Mary Mellor
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Twitter: dnewspolitics
- Deputy's widow laments small room for...
- Vernal police investigating offensive...
- Hundreds search for missing Provo woman who...
- Father raises awareness of congenital defect...
- Report: Utah is 'one of the best examples' of...
- Chronic homelessness in Utah down 91 percent...
- 22 songs Utahns love singing in the car
- 'Priceless' Hot Wheels car design for...
- Former Romney finance chairman courting... 60
- Doctor: Vaccines result in healthy... 53
- Why is BYU honoring Robby George, and... 23
- Former wrestlers charged, assistant... 23
- Poll: 'Undecided' tops Utah Republican... 15
- Hatch, Lee split on new attorney general 14
- Deputy's widow laments small room for... 9
- Herbert, legislative leaders to talk... 8


text:
Pictures of Celebrities and Models on Twitter 2011-06-14 03:50:16
The Latest and Greatest From Fashionable Faces on Twitter!
Like us on Facebook
The Latest and Greatest From Fashionable Faces on Twitter!
This week on Twitter, our fave chic celebs were getting dolled up for red-carpet events or heading out to enjoy the sunshine. We got some behind-the-scenes snaps from the CFDA Awards, road-tripped with Rachel Zoe, and watched Bar Refaeli get a visit from a little birdie (literally). Click through to see all the Twitpics from our fashionable favorites!
Link Love
- See Karlie's new campaign for her Frame denim collection! — Who What Wear
- Style.com has a brand-new role at Condé Nast — Racked
- Chrissy Teigen is swearing off Photoshop — Lucky
- Only the ladies can shop for sneakers at this store — The Cut
- This collection's going to get you superexcited for the Met Gala — Style.com
- Proof your jean jacket will never go out of style — SheFinds
- The top Spring trends, according to Google — HuffPost Style
- When a chef designs clothes, the unthinkable happens — InStyle
- Why your lingerie shouldn't only be reserved for the bedroom — Man Repeller
Latest Fashion


text:
Joe Keatinge
Latest Digital Releases
Shutter #11
April 15, 2015
Buy NowKATE KRISTOPHER WAS THE LAST OF A FAMILY DYNASTY OF EXPLORERS. THEN SHE QUIT. TEN YEARS LATER SHE DISCOVERED SHE'S ONE OF WHO-KNOWS HOW MANY SIBLINGS. THE OLDER SISTER SHE NEVER KNEW, KALLIYAN, IS AFTER KATE'S SEEMINGLY ALIVE FATHER AND HAS FORCED KATE TO HELP HER FIND HER MOTHER, THE ONLY PERSON WHO KNOWS WHAT'S UP WITH THEIR DAD. MOM'S LOCATION? THE WORLD OF DREAMS. AND IT'S NOT GOING WELL.
Tech Jacket #9
April 1, 2015
Buy DigitalIn order for the entire freakin' galaxy to survive, Tech Jacket must join forces with his greatest enemies...which, face it, is no fun to do. But neither is the destruction of everyone and everything he holds dear, so…
Digital Release Archive
Digital Comics
Shutter #11
April 15, 2015
Tech Jacket #9
April 1, 2015
Shutter #10
March 11, 2015
Shutter #9
February 11, 2015
Tech Jacket #8
February 11, 2015
Shutter #8
January 14, 2015
Tech Jacket #7
January 7, 2015
Shutter #7
December 10, 2014
Tech Jacket #6
December 3, 2014
Tech Jacket #5
November 5, 2014
Related Content
THE IMAGE INTRODUCES Interview: Joe Keatinge and Leila del Duca Talk SHUTTER
Posted on January 16, 2015
Fantastic Creatures and Family Secrets in SHUTTER
Posted on October 15, 2014
SHUTTER begins a new globetrotting adventure
Posted on September 8, 2014
SHUTTER sells out in a flash
Posted on June 18, 2014
SHUTTER focuses on breathtaking fantasy adventure
Posted on June 12, 2014