text:
Page 1
A parietal-premotor network for
movement intention and motor
Michel Desmurget1,2and Angela Sirigu1,2
1Centre de Neuroscience Cognitive, UMR 5229, CNRS, Bron, France
2Universite ´ Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, Lyon, France
It is commonly assumed that we are conscious of our
movements mainly because we can sense ourselves
moving as ongoing peripheral information coming from
our muscles and retina reaches the brain. Recent evi-
dence, however, suggests that, contrary to common
beliefs, conscious intention to move is independent of
movement execution per se. We propose that during
movement execution it is our initial intentions that we
are mainly aware of. Furthermore, the experience of
moving as a conscious act is associated with increased
activity in a specific brain region: the posterior parietal
cortex. We speculate that movement intention and
awareness are generated and monitored in this region.
We put forward a general framework of the cognitive
and neural processes involved in movement intention
and motor awareness.
Conscious intention and motor awareness in cognitive
In recent years, the neural bases of our conscious experi-
ences have been extensively investigated using psycho-
physics [1,2], neuroimaging [3,4], anatomo-functional
correlations[5,6], transcranial
[7,8], electrophysiological analyses [9] and direct electrical
stimulation of the brain [10,11]. All these approaches have
led to the identification of a complex interconnected net-
work underlying conscious experience. This network is
organized around three major regions: the posterior par-
ietal cortex (PPC), the supplementary motor area (SMA)
and the premotor cortex (PMC). However, a general model
articulating the functioning of these neural nodes is still
lacking. Taking advantage of the most recent theoretical
and experimental advances in the field, we propose here a
general framework of the main cognitive and neural pro-
cesses involved in generating the experience of conscious
motor intention and movement awareness. This frame-
work is based on our current understanding of the neural
bases of: (i) conscious motor intention (the conscious desire
to act), (ii) conscious motor awareness (the subjective feel-
ing that we are moving) and (iii) veridical motor awareness
(the objective knowledge that we are actually moving).
Although the emergence of movement intention into
awareness is preceded by early unconscious processes
taking place probably in prefrontal and parietal areas
magnetic stimulation
[12,13] (Box 1), we focus here on the conscious component
of movement and show that the conscious intention to
move is independent of movement execution and that
parietal areas are key in the generation and monitoring
of movement intention and awareness.
Conscious motor intention
The establishment of conscious motor intention as a valid
object of scientific investigation can be traced back to the
pioneering work of Benjamin Libet and colleagues, 25
years ago. These authors asked human subjects to fixate
a single clock hand rotating on a screen (Figure 1, top
panel). The task was to press a button with the right index
finger whenever the subjects 'felt the urge' to do so. After
this movement, at a random time, the clock stopped and
the subjects were required to report the position of the
clock's hand at the time they first became aware of their
will to move (W-Judgment). The readiness potential (RP,
an electrophysiological marker of early movement prep-
aration) was recorded. The W-Judgement was found to
precede movement onset by around 200 milliseconds. At
the same time, the RP was found to precede the W-Judge-
ment byabout 1 second (Figure 1, middle panel). The latter
latency strongly suggests that movement preparation
were provided by Haggard and Eimer [14] in a subsequent
this study, the subjects could choose whether to respond
with the left or the right index finger. In addition to the
classical RP, Haggard and Eimer also recorded the Later-
alized RP (LRP), as a more specific marker of motor
preparation (the LRP is thought to reflect the point in
time at which response side – left vs. right – is determined)
[15]. On average, the LRP was found to occur approxi-
Additional analyses also showed that the LRP began sig-
nificantly earlier for early than for late W-Judgments,
which was not the case for the RP. The authors concluded
that conscious intention arises after the initial stage of
motor preparation (linked to RP), at the time when a
specific motor network is selected for action. This selection
does not mean, however, that the elaboration of the actual
motor command precedes conscious intention. Indeed,
there is a 200–300 milliseconds duration between the
W-Judgment and the actual motor command [2,14,16].
before movementonset.
Corresponding author: Sirigu, A. (email@example.com).
1364-6613/$ – see front matter ? 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2009.08.001
Page 2
This delay is similar to the time required to initiate simple
reactive movements in response to visual or auditory
stimuli [17–20]. This suggests that the motor output cor-
responding to the desired movement is not processed
before, but after the time of conscious intention.
From an anatomical point of view, the supplementary
and pre-supplementary motor areas (designated SMA
hereafter) have been described as the most likely source
for LRPs [15,21]. From this one may speculate that the
medial motor regions play a critical role in the building of
conscious intention. There is indirect evidence supporting
this view. In particular, the SMA is activated when sub-
jects attend to the time of their conscious intention to
perform a movement [3]. Also, this structure is known to
anarchic hand syndrome [22,23]: a pathological condition
in which the executive and intentional systems are dis-
connected from each other, thus leading to the occurrence
of arm movements without conscious intention [4].
However, the best evidence linking the SMA to con-
scious intention comes from anelectrical stimulation study
performed by Fried and colleagues [10]. Fried and col-
leagues stimulated the medial surface of the cerebral
hemispheres of epileptic patients with subdural electrode
grids [10]. The results indicated that stimulations deliv-
ered within the SMA region triggered a need or an urge to
move that resembles a compulsive desire to act. Indeed,
patients felt as if they were not the agents of their move-
ments. They reported that a movement 'was about to occur'
or that the arm 'was going to move'. Slightly increasing the
intensity of the stimulation above the urge threshold
caused the evoked movements to actually occur. The proxi-
mity between the two events suggests that the urge to act
experienced by these patients reflects the imminence of a
movement. In agreement with this idea, stimulations of
the SMA evoke very precise movement intentions such as
an 'urge to move the right leg inward', 'to lift the right
elbow' or to 'pronate the right forearm'. It has been pro-
posed that the SMA triggers the movement by suppressing
the inhibitory signal exerted on the primary motor cortex
the urge-to-move feeling experienced by epileptic patients
during electrical stimulation of the SMA.
In addition to the data above, solid evidence also links
the feeling of conscious intention to the activity of the PPC.
It has been shown that selective lesions of this region can
cause alien hand movements [4]. Also, it has been reported
that patients with parietal lesions can lose the early sub-
jective experience of wanting to move. To establish this
result, Sirigu and colleagues [2] used Libet's paradigm in
three groups of individuals: control subjects, patients with
cerebellar lesions and patients with posterior parietal
lesions (Figure 1, bottom). In agreement with previous
results [3,14,16], the W-Judgement was found to precede
movement onset by more than 250 milliseconds in control
subjects and cerebellar patients. However, in parietal
patients, the lag was only around 55 milliseconds. This
short delay suggests that the patients did not know about
their intention to move until movement release became
the claim that the urge tomove experienced when the SMA
is electrically stimulated reflects the imminence of a move-
ment. One may speculate that healthy subjects rely on
early activity within the PPC intentional system to be
aware of their intentions to move, whereas parietal
patients have to wait until the release of the motor com-
mand by the SMA to access this subjective experience.
Support for this view can be found in a recent study
where direct electrical stimulation was applied over the
parietal cortex in patients undergoing awake surgery for
tumor removal [11] (Box 2). If the PPC is truly involved in
the generation of conscious intentions, then electrical
stimulation of this region should be accompanied by the
subjective experience of 'wanting to move'. In accordance
with this prediction, stimulation of the right inferior par-
ietal lobule (Brodmann Areas – BA 40 and 39) triggered a
strong desire to move the contralesional hand, arm or foot
parietal lobule (BA 39) provoked an intention to move the
lips. Patients reported, for instance, 'a will to move the
chest' or 'a desire to move the hand', which demonstrates
the voluntary and endogenous character of the feelings
they experienced. Interestingly, in most patients these
intentions were much less specific than the precise inten-
tions reported by the SMA patients (see above). Parietal
(stimulated) subjects were generally unable to precisely
describe the type of movements they intended to do, even
when invited to do so. For instance, a typical exchange was
Box 1. Prior intention
As shown by the seminal study of Libet and colleagues, preparatory
motor activity, known as the 'readiness potential' (RP), starts at least
1 second before the emergence of any conscious intention to act
[16]. Converging evidence suggests that this preparatory activity is
not germinal. It is shaped by unconscious computations carried out
in a wide network related to intentional actions [12,61]. To identify
the key nodes of this network, researchers have investigated the
neural bases of self-generated actions. They identified, as relevant,
activations in a wide range of areas including the posterior parietal
cortex (PPC), the anterior cingulate cortex, the supplementary motor
area (SMA) and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) [62].
Activation in this latter region was the most likely to survive when
self-generated actions were contrasted with externally-triggered
responses (instead of a rest condition) [20,62]. Interestingly, the
DLPFC receives important projections from the frontopolar cortex
[63], a structure that has been shown to encode motor intentions up
to 10 seconds before they become conscious [13]. In addition, the
DLPFC projects to the SMA and PPC [64], two regions that have been
shown to generate conscious intentions when electrically stimu-
lated (see main text). Therefore, the early computations carried out
by the prefrontal cortex seem to represent the first stage in the
causal chain that renders our motor intentions available to
In addition to the data above, it is widely admitted that the basal
ganglia (BG) are important for producing intentional (self-gener-
ated) actions. However, evidence supporting this claim is rather
weak. Neuroimaging studies have identified significant responses in
the BG when the neural activations triggered by self-generated
movements were compared to a rest state. However, no higher
activation in the BG network was observed when self-generated
movements were contrasted directly with externally triggered
movements [20,62]. An absence of systematic involvement of the
BG for self-generated movements was also reported in electro-
physiological and inactivation studies in monkeys [65]. Finally, the
idea that akinesia, in patients with Parkinson disease, concerns self-
generated but not externally triggered movements has recently
been rebutted [17].
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Vol.13 No.10
Page 3
as follows [11]: Patient: 'I wanted to move my foot'. Exper-
imenter: 'Which foot'. Patient (showing his left leg): 'This
one'. Experimenter: 'How did you want to move it?'.
Patient: 'I don't know, I just wanted to move it'. To account
for these observations it was suggested that the PPC
contains stored movement representations [25,26] and
that electrical stimulations activate these representations,
thus provoking a desire to move [11]. Under ecological
circumstances, early unconscious computations carried
out in the prefrontal regions might lead to the activation
of these representations (Box 1). Note that increasing the
intensity of the stimulations was never found to produce
actual motor responses in parietal regions.
To summarize, parietal cortex stimulation generates
conscious intentions to move. By contrast, stimulation of
the SMA triggers feelings of an urge to move that reflect
the imminence of a motor response. This contrasting pat-
tern of response suggests that intentions in the PPC are
related to motor prediction and selection, whereas the
feeling of an urge to move in the SMA is related to move-
ment preparation [11,27].
Motor awareness
The issue of motor awareness amounts to a very simple
question: how do we know we are moving? During the last
decade, this question has received much less attention
from researchers than the issue of conscious intention.
Nonetheless, several important findings have emerged.
At a phenomenological level, it was found that most of
the basic functioning of the motor system occurs without
awareness (for a review [28]). This means that the signal
weareaware ofwhenmakingamovementdoesnotemerge
from the movement itself, but rather from the predictions
we make about the movement in advance of action. The
best evidence supporting this claim comes from behavioral
experiments in which a mismatch is introduced between
the actual and perceived motor responses. This mismatch
is typically within the margin of flexibility of the motor
system: it is big enough to impose profound kinematic
corrections to the ongoing movement but small enough
to allow target acquisition. Under this type of protocol,
despite large changes in hand path and joint trajectories,
the subjects believe that they are executing the movement
as originally planned and they do not take into account the
sensory signals to update their conscious motor percep-
tions [28–30]. A study by Fourneret and Jeannerod illus-
trates this point [31]. Fourneret and Jeannerod instructed
human subjects to trace sagittal lines on a graphic tablet.
Visual feedback of the movement was available through a
mirror positioned above the tablet. In some trials, this
feedback was altered so that the line traced by the subjects
deviated to the right or the left by a variable amount (from
2 to 10 deg). To perform a straight movement, the subjects
had thus to produce a diagonal response. They were able to
do so quite easily. However, they kept reporting that their
movement was straight in the sagittal direction. In other
words, they remained unaware of their large motor adjust-
ments and 'knew' only about their original intention.
These observations are consistent with clinical reports
in deafferented patients. As shown in recent studies, these
patients exhibit normal motor awareness, even though
they have no perceptual awareness [32–34]. They can
report when they are moving and along which trajectory,
but cannot detect, for instance, that their hand has been
blocked at movement onset. The same type of dissociation
is observed in hemiplegic patients with anosognosia. Typi-
cally, some of these patients fail to recognize or appreciate
the severity of their motor deficit. Others try to 'explain it
away' by arguing, for instance, that they are tired or not
willing to move. Others finally, claim stubbornly that they
are moving normally, despite their paralysis [35,36]. In a
recent study, patients of this latter group were given false
visual feedback of movement in their left paralyzed arm,
through a prosthetic rubber hand [37]. Three conditions
were tested: (i) the patients were instructed to raise
their paralyzed arm, (ii) the patients were told that the
Box 2. Probing brain functions with electrical stimulations
Electrical stimulation has a long history in medical and fundamental
sciences [66]. Today, this procedure remains strongly advocated for
tumoral resections carried out in eloquent regions [67]. In these
resections, the neurosurgeon stimulates the cortical surface while
the patient performs various motor and cognitive tasks (e.g.
opening-closing hand; naming objects) (Figure I). Any reproducible
functional disturbance induced by the stimulation provokes the
interruption of the resection at the tested location.
The use of electrical stimulation for probing brain functions is not
without controversy, however. A major issue concerns the tendency
of electrical currents to spread through white matter bundles. This
diffusion is inevitable, even for single pulse stimulations [68].
However, in contrast to a common view, it does not follow an
anarchic path; the current spreads along physiologically meaningful
pathways [69–72]. The resulting effect is assumed to mimic the
normal function of the stimulated tissue [73]. In agreement with this
hypothesis, it has been demonstrated, for instance, that the
premotor neurons that trigger limb movements when electrically
stimulated are the same as the neurons activated during goal-
directed reaches [74]. Based on these data one might suggest that
the spread of current along white matter tracts is not a difficulty that
needs to be overcome, but a process that is essential to the
expression of the investigated function.
Figure I. Peri-operative brain stimulation with a bipolar electrode during awake
surgery for tumor removal (Image by courtesy of Dr Carmine Mottolese).
Trends in Cognitive SciencesVol.13 No.10
Page 4
experimenter would move their arm and (iii) no instruc-
tion. In contrast to hemiplegic patients without anosogno-
sia, paralyzed patients with anosognosia disregarded
visual information of their motionless rubber hand when
they had the intention to move, compared with when they
no movement expectation at all. These findings clearly
support the idea that motor awareness derives from the
processing of motor intentions. The reason why these
patients cannot access a veridical awareness will be dis-
cussed in the next section.
Additional support for the idea that motor intention
shapes movement awareness was recently provided by the
Desmurget and colleagues' cortical stimulation study
introduced in the previous section [11]. Two complemen-
tary pieces of evidence were reported. Electrical stimu-
lations of the PMC (BA 6) evoked overt mouth and
contralateral limb movements (Figure 2). However, in
the absence of visual feedback, the patients firmly denied
that they had moved. This denial was not due to a low level
of vigilance because patients during functional evalu-
ations, when they were well awake, talked and moved in
response to verbal commands. They also reported feelings
of tingling or itching, indicating that their ability to intro-
specton stimulation-induced experiences was preserved. A
contrasting pattern was identified for PPC when the sites
initially identified as intentional (see above) were stimu-
lated at higher intensities. In this case the subjects
reported that they had actually performed the actions they
had previously intended to do. However, no overt move-
ments and electromyographic activity were present. To
account for these findings it was suggested that higher
intensities of stimulation did not just prime a motor
representation to consciousness (giving rise to a movement
conscious intention), but also recruited the executive net-
work responsible for movement monitoring. This network
is assumed to rely on forward modeling: a process that
simulates the effect of the efferent output to estimate, in
Figure 1. Top panel: Illustration of Libet's paradigm. The task is to press a button with the right index finger. (a) Participants watch a clock-hand rotating on a screen. (b)
They have to identify the instant when they 'feel the intention to move'. (c) They actually press the button. (d) After a random delay, the clock stops and the subjects report
the position of the clock-hand, identified in step (b). Middle panel: In healthy subjects, the Readiness Potential (an electrophysiological marker of early movement
preparation) begins around 1.5 seconds before the conscious experience of wanting to move, which occurs itself around 240 milliseconds before movement onset. Bottom
panel: In patients with posterior parietal damage, the Readiness Potential is absent and the conscious experience of wanting to move precedes movement onset by only a
few tens of milliseconds. Data from [2].
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Vol.13 No.10
Page 5
real time, the state of the motor apparatus [38–40]. There
is converging evidence that forward models are generated
in the posterior parietal lobe [1,41–43]. It might be the case
then that this structure mediates motor awareness by
instructing motor regions that the movement has started,
has stopped or is unfolding (Box 3).
To summarize, motor awareness does not emerge from
the sensory signals generated by the movement, but from
the predictions we make about the movement before action
onset. These predictions are generated within the PPC, in
the same regions where feelings of conscious intentions are
evoked. Based on these observations, one may suggest that
intentions and the prediction of what will result from
carrying out these intentions create our conscious experi-
we initiate an action is the specific goal we have in mind.
Whether this goal is reached through a straight or curved
path, with a bell-shaped or asymmetrical velocity profile,
on the basis of an open or closed loop response is of little
importance [44–46]. Obviously, the neural mechanisms
underlying consciousness have more important things to
do than controlling the low-level executive details of our
actions. It may even seem optimal, in terms of neural
economy, to assume that a movement unfolds as planned
when it reaches its goal.
Veridical motor awareness
In ecological conditions, our motor predictions are gener-
ally highly reliable. We rarely see our hand going right-
ward or downward whenwe move it leftward or upward. In
the same vein, we seldom, if ever, face the surprise of
seeing our arm not responding to a motor command.
However, these unusual situations can occur as a result
of experimental manipulations [47–49] or brain lesions
[35,36]. When this happens, the motor control system
can no longer force the congruence between the desired
and actual sensory reafferences, as it does continuously for
errors of limited magnitudes [38–40,18]. In the presence of
such large, unmanageable errors, the validity of our
original predictions is challenged and we become aware
of our movements as they actually unfold. For instance,
subjects immediately detect strong force fields and large
prismatic displacement applied to an ongoing point-to-
point response. This motor awareness does not occur when
the same level of perturbation is reached gradually [50,51].
Although the neural bases of veridical motor awareness
remain largely unknown, recent evidence has emphasized
the potential role of the PMC. In particular, Berti and
colleagues [5] used magnetic resonance imaging to inves-
tigate the anatomical distribution of brain lesions in right-
brain-damaged patients with anosognosia for hemiplegia
(see above). Analyses identified the premotor cortex (area
6) as the most frequently damaged area related to this
disturbance. To explain their result, the authors suggested
that the brain mechanisms that normally compare the
expected and actual peripheral reafferences are damaged
in patients with anosognosia for hemiplegia, which pre-
vents these patients from knowing that they are not mov-
ing [5,52]. Arguments favoring this hypothesis can be
found in the observation that the PMC is involved in the
computation of an expected sensory signal [53] and
receives abundant peripheral inputs about the ongoing
movement [54,55]. Additional evidence comes from a
recent study in phantom pain [56]. As shown in this study,
the PMC is the main area activated during the feeling
of phantom pain, in agreement with the idea that this
Figure 2. Premotor and parietal sites evoking conscious intentions, illusory movements and unconscious movements when stimulated with a bipolar electrode during
awake brain surgery for tumor removal. Modified from [11].
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Vol.13 No.10
Page 6
sensation arises from a systematic mismatch occurring
when a preserved efferent command is compared to an
absent peripheral input [56].
Based on these data, one may wonder how PMC elec-
trical stimulations can generate limb movements with no
awareness[11]. Apossibleinterpretationwould bethat the
brain disregards the sensory inflow resulting from the
movement because there is no expected signal with which
to compare this inflow. However, such a model does not fit
with the known ability of human subjects to perceive
passive limb displacements [11,57] and experience move-
ments in the context of tendon vibration [58]. One possible
account for these discrepancies is that electrically-gener-
ated efferent outputs do produce corollary discharges to
which sensory inflows can be compared [59]. Under normal
expected and no error signal is emitted. As a consequence,
the PMC has no way of determining that a movement has
occurred. However, in instances of peripheral stimulations,
such as in the case of passive movement, an unexpected
be compared with an efferent (expected) signal since
no motor command has been issued or no direct central
stimulation has occurred. The discrepancy between the two
sources of information may produce an error signal that, in
turn, produces the conscious knowledge that the limb is
To summarize, when a large mismatch exists between
the expected and actual sensory signals, internal feedback
loops become unable to ensure a correct match between the
expected and actual sensory responses. An error is then
generated; this leads the motor system to disregard the
predictions made by the parietal cortex about the move-
ment, in advance of action. As a result, conscious attention
is drawntothe ongoing movementand the subjectbecomes
aware, not of the predicted, but of the executed response.
A general model for motor intention and awareness
Based on the data above, it is possible to propose a general
(Figure 3).
Initially, there is an unconscious intention to act, a sort
of prior intention, which emerges within a wide prefrontal-
parietal network (Box 1). This prior intention causes an
for motor consciousness
Box 3. Forward models and motor awareness
Forward models predict the behavior of a body segment in response
to a motor command. They are critical for solving fundamental
problems in motor control, including sensory prediction, fast
feedback corrections and state estimation [75]. During the past
decade this latter process of state estimation has been suggested to
mediate motor awareness [2,28,30]. The hypothesis is based on the
assumption that movement-monitoring starts with the delivery of
the motor command and stops at the end of the movement. This
means that the brain has access to an internal signal indicating
movement onset, movement end and movement accomplishment.
Within this framework, motor awareness arises from the knowledge
that we are moving and the assumption that we do so as initially
expected. This model fits well with clinical and behavioral data
showing that human subjects are good at determining the onset of
their movement, poor at perceiving the actual kinematic details of
their response and prone to consider that the movement was
performed as planned (see main text).
Interestingly, strong evidence relates the process of state estima-
tion to the functioning of the posterior parietal cortex [42,43,76]. On-
line movement corrections that rely on forward computations are
inhibited when a Transcranial Stimulation Pulse is delivered over
the PPC at movement onset [77]. Following parietal damage,
patients can experience feelings like losing their arm or foot [41]
or they become highly inefficient at determining whether a move-
ment is theirs or not [1].
Figure 3. A general anatomo-functional framework for conscious intention and motor awareness.
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Vol.13 No.10
Page 7
unspecific activation of the motor system, as can be seen in
[15], around 1 or 1.5 seconds before the motor response
[2,14,16]. Progressively, this RP becomes specific to the
movement side. It starts lateralizing 800 milliseconds or so
before muscle contraction [14]. Conscious intention (W-
Judgment) comes last; it emerges around 250 milliseconds
before movement onset [2,14,16]. We speculate that con-
scious intention arises during this period in response to an
increased activity within the posterior parietal area.
During the last 250 milliseconds before movement onset,
the consciously selected response is planned within a
parietal-motor network. When the efferent command is
ready to be issued the SMA releases it by suppressing the
inhibitory output exerted on M1 [24]. This release in turn
triggers a conscious intentional urge to move. A few tens of
milliseconds later, the movement actually starts. At this
point a predictive signal is emitted within the posterior
parietal cortex through forward modeling (Box 2). This
signal monitors movement progression in real time and it
might form the basis of our motor awareness. In parallel to
this process, low-level premotor executive regions compare
the actual sensory input with an expected reference. When
an error occurs it is corrected automatically. Nothing
reaches consciousness and the subject remains aware only
of his/her intentions and the predictions of what will result
from carrying out these intentions. However, when move-
ment inaccuracybecomesunmanageable,anerrorsignal is
emitted causing the system to switch from predictive to
veridical motor awareness.
Overall, this model offers a functional and anatomical
framework for understanding how motor intentions and
motor commands become available to consciousness.
Throughthisframework, majorabnormalities inthe inten-
tionality and awareness of action can be understood. For
instance, alien hand movements have been shown to
emerge following lesions of the posterior parietal (PPC)
structures that bringmotor intentionstoconsciousness[4].
Anarchic responses have been demonstrated to occur fol-
lowing damage to the medial frontal regions (SMA) that
prevent M1 from releasing unwished motor commands
[22,23]. Illusory movements have been reported after
damage to the premotor cortex (PMC) [5]. This may be
the effect of activations within the PPC, responsible for
movement intention and monitoring, working in isolation
and disconnected from premotor regions [11]; the latter
being important for comparing actual and expected reaf-
ferent motor signals [5,53]. Of course further research is
needed to confirm the validity and generality of this ana-
tomo-functional model in healthy subjects and brain-
damaged patients. Furthermore, it will be important to
design adapted behavioral paradigms for studying these
questions in non-human primates. It is probable that
monkeys (and maybe other animals) experience some level
of 'motor awareness' (they 'know' that they are moving).
According to Searle [60]:
it is obvious that many of the important evolutionary
functionsof consciousness
example, an animal has conscious feelings of hunger
and thirst, engages in conscious perceptual discrimi-
nations, embarks on conscious intentional actions,
and consciously recognizes both friend and foe. All
of these are conscious intentional phenomena and all
are essential for biological survival.
These issues will need to be investigated if we want to
fully understand the evolutionary origin and neural basis
of consciousness.
Concluding remarks
We have presented evidence that the subjective feelings of
conscious intentionand
mediated by a motor network involving the PPC, SMA
and PMC. Based on a wide range of studies, we showed
that we need intentions in order to be aware of what we are
doing or, alternatively, that our intentions are what we are
aware of. With respect to this point, an important message
of the present article is that our conscious motor percep-
tions are built within the cortical areas that are respon-
sible for movement planning and control. This suggests
that motor awareness and conscious intention emerge as a
result of neural computations carried out within the motor
network in advance of action. Consciousness of our move-
ments is therefore not an abstract mental process but a
phenomenon deeply rooted in the neural system. Further
research is necessary to assess how the brain regions,
within the neural network described here, combine the
different sources of information in time to allow conscious
behavior to emerge. Illusion of movement without move-
ment or real movement but without awareness illustrates
that when specific cortical areas within this network are
disconnected (because of lesion or artificial stimulation)
the motor system holds wrong beliefs about its actual
status. Verbal reports in human patients although intro-
spective may prove a fruitful method to study the respect-
nodes instrumental for such complex behavior that is
intention and consciousness during the course of action
(see Box 4 for a list of outstanding questions).
movement awareness are
This work was funded by CNRS, ANR (Neuro-031-02; MNPS-027-01) and
by HFSP (RGP0056/2005-C) to AS.
1 Sirigu, A. et al. (1999) Perception of self-generated movement following
left parietal lesion. Brain 122 (Pt 10), 1867–1874
2 Sirigu, A. et al. (2004) Altered awareness of voluntary action after
damage to the parietal cortex. Nat. Neurosci. 7, 80–84
3 Lau, H.C. et al. (2004) Attention to intention. Science 303, 1208–1210
4 Assal, F. et al. (2007) Moving with or without will: functional neural
correlates of alien hand syndrome. Ann. Neurol. 62, 301–306
Box 4. Outstanding questions
? Where in the brain does the subjective feeling that 'I want to
move' emerge?
? Where in the brain is the conscious knowledge that 'I am moving'
? How do we become aware of our intentions to move?
? What exactly are we aware of when making a movement and what
sources of information does the motor system need to generate
intention and consciousness of a movement?
? What is the evolutionary basis of conscious intentionality?
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Vol.13 No.10
Page 8
5 Berti, A. et al. (2005) Shared cortical anatomy for motor awareness and
motor control. Science 309, 488–491
6 Appelros, P. et al. (2007) Anosognosia versus unilateral neglect.
Coexistence and their relations to age, stroke severity, lesion site
and cognition. Eur. J. Neurol 14, 54–59
7 Haggard, P. and Magno, E. (1999) Localising awareness of action with
transcranial magnetic stimulation. Exp. Brain Res. 127, 102–107
8 Haggard, P. et al. (2002) Voluntary action and conscious awareness.
Nat. Neurosci. 5, 382–385
9 Singer, W. (2001) Consciousness and the binding problem. Ann. N. Y.
Acad. Sci. 929, 123–146
10 Fried, I. et al. (1991) Functional organization of human supplementary
motor cortex studied by electrical stimulation. J. Neurosci. 11, 3656–
11 Desmurget, M. et al. (2009) Movement intention after parietal cortex
stimulation in humans. Science 324, 811–813
12 Haggard, P. (2008) Human volition: towards a neuroscience of will.
Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 9, 934–946
13 Soon, C.S. et al. (2008) Unconscious determinants of free decisions in
the human brain. Nat. Neurosci. 11, 543–545
14 Haggard, P. and Eimer, M. (1999) On the relation between brain
potentials and the awareness of voluntary movements. Exp. Brain
Res. 126, 128–133
15 Eimer, M. (1998) The lateralized readiness potential as an on-line
measure of central response activation processes. Behavioral Research
Methods, Intruments & Computer 30, 146–156
16 Libet, B. et al. (1983) Time of conscious intention to act in relation to
onset of cerebral activity (readiness-potential). The unconscious
initiation of a freely voluntary act. Brain 106 (Pt 3), 623–642
17 Ballanger, B. et al. (2006) Paradoxical kinesis'' is not a hallmark of
Parkinson's disease but a general property of the motor system. Mov
Disord. 21, 1490–1495
18 Desmurget, M. et al. (2005) Updating target location at the end of an
orienting saccade affects the characteristics of simple point-to-point
movements. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 31, 1510–
19 Desmurget, M. et al. (2004) The basal ganglia network mediates the
planning of movement amplitude. Eur. J. Neurosci. 19, 2871–2880
20 Thobois, S. et al. (2007) Functional anatomy of motor urgency.
Neuroimage. 37, 243–252
21 Ikeda, A. et al. (1992) Movement-related potentials recorded from
supplementary motor area and primary motor area. Role of
supplementary motor area in voluntary movements. Brain 115 (Pt
4), 1017–1043
22 Goldberg, G. et al. (1981) Medial frontal cortex infarction and the alien
hand sign. Arch. Neurol. 38, 683–686
23 Scepkowski, L.A. and Cronin-Golomb, A. (2003) The alien hand: cases,
categorizations, and anatomical correlates. Behav. Cogn Neurosci. Rev.
2, 261–277
24 Ball, T. et al. (1999) The role of higher-order motor areas in voluntary
movement as revealed by high-resolution EEG and fMRI. Neuroimage
10, 682–694
25 Sirigu, A. et al. (1995) A selective impairment of hand posture for object
utilization in apraxia. Cortex 31, 41–55
26 Rothi, L.J. et al. (1997) A cognitive neurpsychological model of limb
praxis and apraxia. In Apraxia: the neuropsychology of action (Rothi,
L.J. and Heilman, K.M., eds), pp. 29–49, Psychology Press
27 Haggard, P. (2009) Neuroscience. The sources of human volition.
Science 324, 731–733
28 Carota, F. et al. (2009) Forward modeling mediates motor awareness.
In Conscious Will and Responsibility: A Tribute to Benjamin Libet
(Nadel, L. and Sinnott-Armstrong, W., eds), Oxford University Press,
in press
29 Frith, C.D. et al. (2000) Abnormalities in the awareness and control of
action. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond B Biol. Sci. 355, 1771–1788
30 Blakemore, S.J. and Frith, C. (2003) Self-awareness and action. Curr.
Opin. Neurobiol. 13, 219–224
31 Fourneret, P. and Jeannerod, M. (1998) Limited conscious monitoring
of motor performance in normal subjects. Neuropsychologia 36, 1133–
32 Lafargue, G. et al. (2003) Production and perception of grip force
without proprioception: is there a sense of effort in deafferented
subjects? Eur. J. Neurosci. 17, 2741–2749
33 Kristeva, R. et al. (2006) Is the movement-evoked potential mandatory
formovementexecution?A high-resolution
deafferented patient. Neuroimage. 31, 677–685
34 Sarlegna, F.R. et al. (2006) Internally driven control of reaching
movements: a study on a proprioceptively deafferented subject.
Brain Res. Bull. 69, 404–415
35 Bisiach, E. and Geniniani, G. (1991) Anosognosia related to hemiplegia
and heminopia. In Awareness of deficit after brain injury (Prigatano,
G.P. and Scahcter, D.L., eds), pp. 17–39, Oxford University Press
36 Orfei, M.D. et al. (2007) Anosognosia for hemiplegia after stroke is a
multifaceted phenomenon: a systematic review of the literature. Brain
130, 3075–3090
37 Fotopoulou, A. et al. (2008) The role of motor intention in motor
awareness: an experimental study on anosognosia for hemiplegia.
Brain 131, 3432–3442
38 Wolpert, D.M. and Flanagan, J.R. (2001) Motor prediction. Curr. Biol.
39 Desmurget, M. and Grafton, S. (2000) Forward modeling allows
feedback control for fast reaching movements. Trends Cogn Sci. 4,
40 Desmurget, M. and Grafton, S. (2003) Feedback or forward control: end
of a dichotomie. In Cognitive Neuroscience Perspectives on the Problem
of Intentional Action (Johnson, S., ed.), pp. 289–338, MIT press
41 Wolpert, D.M. et al. (1998) Maintaining internal representations: the
role of the human superior parietal lobe. Nat. Neurosci. 1, 529–533
42 Pellijeff, A. et al. (2006) Parietal updating of limb posture: an event-
related fMRI study. Neuropsychologia 44, 2685–2690
43 Ogawa, K. et al. (2007) Neural correlates of state estimation in visually
guided movements: an event-related fMRI study. Cortex 43, 289–300
44 Todorov, E. (2004) Optimality principles in sensorimotor control. Nat.
Neurosci 7, 907–915
45 Guigon, E. et al. (2007) Computational motor control: redundancy and
invariance. J. Neurophysiol. 97, 331–347
46 Guigon, E. et al. (2008) Computational motor control: feedback and
accuracy. Eur. J. Neurosci 27, 1003–1016
47 Stratton, G. (1897) Vision without inversion of the retinal image.
Psychological Review, 341-360, 463-481
48 Sekiyama, K. et al. (2000) Body image as a visuomotor transformation
device revealed in adaptation to reversed vision. Nature 407, 374–377
49 Richter, H. et al. (2002) Long-term adaptation to prism-induced
inversion of the retinal images. Exp Brain Res. 144, 445–457
50 Malfait, N. and Ostry, D.J. (2004) Is interlimb transfer of force-field
adaptation a cognitive response to the sudden introduction of load? J.
Neurosci. 24, 8084–8089
51 Michel, C. et al. (2007) Enhancing visuomotor adaptation by reducing
error signals: single-step (aware) versus multiple-step (unaware)
exposure to wedge prisms. J. Cogn Neurosci. 19, 341–350
52 Berti, A. et al. (2007) Motor awareness and motor intention in
anosognosia for hemiplegia. In Sensorimotor foundations of higher
cognition series: attention and performance XXII (Haggard, P. et al.,
eds), pp. 163–181, Oxford University Press
53 Christensen,M.S.et al.(2007)
somatosensorycortex during
proprioceptive feedback. Nat. Neurosci. 10, 417–419
54 Hummelsheim, H. et al. (1988) Sensory inputs to the agranular motor
fields: a comparison between precentral, supplementary-motor and
premotor areas in the monkey. Exp. Brain Res. 69, 289–298
55 Fogassi,L.etal.(1999)Visual responsesinthedorsalpremotorareaF2
of the macaque monkey. Exp. Brain Res. 128, 194–199
56 Giraux,P.andSirigu,A.(2003)Illusorymovementsoftheparalyzedlimb
restore motor cortex activity. Neuroimage 20 (Suppl 1), S107–S111
57 Klockgether, T. et al. (1995) A defect of kinesthesia in Parkinson's
disease. Mov Disord. 10, 460–465
58 Albert, F. et al. (2006) The Ia afferent feedback of a given movement
evokes the illusion of the same movement when returned to the subject
via muscle tendon vibration. Exp. Brain Res. 172, 163–174
59 Crapse, T.B. and Sommer, M.A. (2008) Corollary discharge across the
animal kingdom. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 9, 587–600
60 Searle, J.R. (2000) Consciousness. Annu. Rev. Neurosci 23, 557–578
61 Brass, M. and Haggard, P. (2008) The what, when, whether model of
intentional action. Neuroscientist 14, 319–325
62 Jahanshahi, M. et al. (1995) Self-initiated versus externally triggered
movements. I. An investigation using measurement of regional
EEG study in a
cortex modulates
without movements
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Vol.13 No.10
Page 9
cerebral blood flow with PET and movement-related potentials in
normal and Parkinson's disease subjects. Brain 118 (Pt 4), 913–933
63 Kringelbach, M.L. (2005) The human orbitofrontal cortex: linking
reward to hedonic experience. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 6, 691–702
64 Selemon, L.D. and Goldman-Rakic, P.S. (1988) Common cortical and
subcortical targets of the dorsolateral prefrontal and posterior parietal
subserving spatially guided behavior. J. Neurosci. 8, 4049–4068
65 Turner,R.S.andAnderson,
modulation of movement-related discharge in the primate globus
pallidus. J. Neurosci. 25, 2965–2976
66 Penfield, W. and Boldrey, E. (1937) Somatic motor and sensory
representation in the cerebral cortex of man as studied by electrical
stimulation. Brain 60, 389–443
67 Duffau, H. (2005) Lessons from brain mapping in surgery for low-grade
glioma: insights into associations between tumour and brain plasticity.
Lancet Neurol. 4, 476–486
68 Jankowska, E. et al. (1975) The mode of activation of pyramidal tract
cells by intracortical stimuli. J. Physiol 249, 617–636
69 Haglund, M.M. et al. (1993) Optical imaging of bipolar cortical
stimulation. J. Neurosurg. 78, 785–793
70 Tolias, A.S. et al. (2005) Mapping cortical activity elicited with
electrical microstimulation using FMRI in the macaque. Neuron 48,
71 Goffart, L. et al. (2003) Saccade dysmetria during functional
perturbation of the caudal fastigial nucleus in the monkey. Ann. N.
Y. Acad. Sci 1004, 220–228
72 Duffau, H. et al. (2005) New insights into the anatomo-functional
connectivityof thesemantic
subcortical electrostimulations. Brain 128, 797–810
73 Graziano, M. (2006) The organization of behavioral repertoire in motor
cortex. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 29, 105–134
74 Stark, E. et al. (2007) Encoding of reach and grasp by single neurons in
premotor cortex is independent of recording site. J. Neurophysiol. 97,
75 Wolpert, D.M. et al. (1995) An internal model for sensorimotor
integration. Science 269, 1880–1882
76 Sirigu, A. et al. (1996) The mental representation of hand movements
after parietal cortex damage. Science 273, 1564–1568
77 Desmurget, M. et al. (1999) Role of the posterior parietal cortex in
updating reaching movements to a visual target. Nat. Neurosci. 2,
system:a study using cortico-
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Vol.13 No.10


text:
Workaround for DeckWorkspace issue: The smartpart is not present in the workspace6 Comments
There are several questions in the SCSF forums asking about this excepction: The smartpart is not present in the workspace, when using the DeckWorkspace.
When you show several views in the same DeckWorkspace and then close the application or terminate the parent WorkItem, you get the following exception:
Every time a Smartpart is closed in a DeckWorkspace it is removed from its Controls collection. Then the ActivateTopmost method is called to show the previously shown Smartpart. That method takes the first element in the Controls collection of the DeckWorkspace and activates it (this.Controls[0]).
When the Shell is being closed (by closing the application), the DeckWorkspace is disposed and starts to dispose all of its child elements. Therefore, because the DeckWorkspace is being disposed, the Controls collection cannot be modified.
Consequently, when the Smarparts in the DeckWorkspace begin to get closed, they cannot be removed from the Controls collection (because it is being disposed). The ActivateTopmost method then receives a Smartpart that is no longer present in the DeckWorkspace and tries to activate it. This causes the "The SmartPart is not present in workspace" exception.
Modify the Deckworkspace source code (you will need to have the SCSF source code installed) to avoid activating the previous Smartpart when the workspace is being disposed.
You can perform the following steps to get this done:
- Open the CompositeUI-CS.sln solution.
- Right-click in the DeckWorkspace.cs file located in the Workspaces folder in the CompositeUI.WinForms project and select the View Code option.
- Replace the OnClose method for the following one:
protected virtual void OnClose(Control smartPart) { this.Controls.Remove(smartPart); smartPart.Disposed -= ControlDisposed; if (!Disposing) { ActivateTopmost(); } }
- Build the solution.
- Copy the recompiled CAB assemblies to the Lib folder of your SCSF solution.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
March's Finest!February 25th, 2015 by Asaf_and _Barak
Did you win any Oscar? A lifetime achievement award? No? Well, it's all corrupted anyway. After all the glamour has faded, it's time to enjoy some quality time with a good movie or a captivating new TV show. Lots of good films to watch this March and some fascinating new shows. Let's check out March's finest!
Chappie – For those looking for some offbeat sci-fi action.
Cinderella – Great fun for a family outing and a sentimental option for a date night.
Insurgent – For teens and fans of the Divergent series.
Home – Another great option for families and kids.
Get Hard – For some good ol' silly humor fans. And people facing jail time.
Apart from the above, March also delivers the elderly comedy "The Second Best Exotic Marigold Hotel" (Mar. 6), the boys night comedy "Unfinished Business" (Mar. 6) the critically acclaimed indie-horror "It Follows" (Mar. 13), Liam Neesons' action hero streak in "Run All Night" (Mar. 13) Sean Penns' transformation to action hero in "The Gunman" (Mar. 20) and the Indie dramedy "While We're Young" by Noah Baumbach.
Battle Creek – For everyone who thinks that one Vince Gilligan show on air is not enough.
The Last Man On Earth – For people who waited a long time for a funny post-apocalyptic TV show.
Dig – For people who like the Indiana Jones and National Treasure movies.
Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt – For anyone who likes Tina Fey and wants to see what kept her busy after 30 Rock.
Bloodline – For people who enjoy tense family dramas.
Popularity: 3% [?]
Has network television told us all the stories they have to offer?April 16th, 2014 by Barak
Fox – Suspenseful Mysteries about Trying to Uncover Truth, Funny Pop Culture References
Fox's other specialty is funny, witty comedies filled with pop culture references, the mother and father of those shows is Fox's flag series "The Simpsons", the rest followed: Family Guy, American Dad, New Girl, The Mindy Project, Brooklyn Nine-Nine, Bob's Burgers, Futurama, The Cleveland Show, King of the Hill, The Critic and the cult classic Parker Lewis Can't Lose.
HBO – Sex, Witty, Cynical Dialogue, and Violence
Another brand of shows HBO tends to make a lot of is cynical comedies that has plenty of witty dialogues: Curb Your Enthusiasm, Entourage, Bored to Death, Life's Too Short, The Ricky Gervais Show, Veep, Hello Ladies and Arliss.
The 3rd HBO style of shows is captivating, violent and stylized crime shows like The Sopranos, True Detective, Boardwalk Empire, Oz, Deadwood, The Wire and Luck.
FX – Irreverent Humor and Tense Crimes
FX is a network that doesn't hide the fact that its shows are directed at boys/men, so it's no surprise that another dominant type of shows this network produces is tense and suspenseful crime dramas about right and wrong and dishonesty: Justified, Sons of Anarchy, The Shield, Lights Out, The Bridge and Damages (to the defense of the network we'll say that the last two shows we mentioned both put in the center a very strong leading female character…so it's not like they totally ignore women).
AMC – Atmospheric and Psychological Morality Tales
Starz – Stylized, Violent and Sexual, Full of Political Intrigues and Power Struggles
Periodic reconstructions, political unrest, intrigues and rivalries are also dominant in this network as you can see in: Spartacus: Blood and Sand, Spartacus: Gods of the Arena, Camelot, Black Sails, Boss, The White Queen, Pillars of the Earth, Magic City and Da Vinci's Demons.
NBC – Suspenseful Mysterious Characters, Funny Workplace Situations
Another type of shows NBC likes to do is funny sitcoms about workplace situations and boss and employee relations: 30 Rock, The Office, Parks and Recreation, The Michael J. Fox Show, Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip, Just Shoot Me, Scrubs, Sean Saves the World and the classic Cheers.
Showtime – Clever Dark Humor, Lessons about the Human Nature
BBC – Stylized and Clever Twists and Turns, Danger and Crimes
CBS – Sitcoms Filled With Eccentric Characters, Suspenseful Law Enforcement
The other type of shows CBS focuses on is what is known as procedural crime dramas: suspenseful shows about law enforcement and how crimes are solved. In these shows we usually see two partners who are police detectives' team up to solve murder cases, like in: Hawaii Five-0, Elementary, Blue Bloods, CSI, CSI: NY, CSI: Miami, Criminal Minds, The Mentalist, NCIS, Person of Interest, Without a Trace, Num3ers and Cold Case.
So, there you have it – this is what the networks have to offer. How different each network is from one another and is every real network reallyformulaic in a sense…We'll let you decide.
To comment on this post, connect with us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Jinnidotcom
Technorati Tags: stories, retold, themes, plots, recurring, common, similarities, networks, tv, shows, big networks, new, seasons, cbs, fox, abc, nbc, cw, BBC, showtime, hbo, amc, fx
Popularity: 2% [?]
The Formula to Create a Hit TV Series – Revealed!December 4th, 2013 by Barak
Mob City is coming out December 4th on TNT. It's a promising new periodic crime TV series (takes place during the 40′s and the 50′s) created by Frank Darabont who also created the hit TV series The Walking Dead.
5. Bryan Fuller –Wonderfalls, Dead Like Me, Pushing Daisies, Hannibal.
Bryan Fuller's shows are beautiful to look at and have a unique, very colorful, almost magical visual style; they are always surreal and dreamlike and often revolve around death. Fuller is quite obsessed with death, but come to think of it, who isn't? His writing is sophisticated and he likes to examine all kinds of aspects of the human psyche.
4. David Milch – NYPD Blue, Deadwood, Luck.
In the world of David Milch's shows there is a unique atmosphere, a certain feel, when you watch a scene from Deadwood for example, you can't mistake it for any other show. His shows are smart and bring up interesting philosophical ideas and thoughts. His shows are slow moving, but that only helps to create the tense atmosphere he aspires for The characters in his shows are quite chatty, and the dialogue he writes for them is superb.
3. Ricky Gervais & Stephen Merchant – The Office, Extras, The Ricky Gervais Show, Life's Too Short.
These two comic geniuses are the masters of uncomfortable comedy; the lead character in their shows is usually obnoxious and self-involved. The setting is often a workplace environment and they always manage to squeeze in some social commentary in their irreverent, politically incorrect way. They like to shoot their comedies in a mockumentary style and the dialogue from the minds of these two witty comedy writers is always razor sharp.
2. J.J. Abrams – Felicity, Alias, Lost, Fringe, Undercovers.
A romantic drama, an action series that revolves around espionage, a mystery series with supernatural elements, a sci-fi series about a mad scientist and a humorous action series about a married couple who are also secret agents…surprisingly so, the series J.J. Abrams created, despite being from several different genres, do have a few things in common like an impressive heroine, plot lines that deal with couple and family relations in an intelligent way and an impressive visual style.
1. David Simon – Homicide: Life on the Street, The Wire, Generation Kill, Treme.
In David Simon's series there is a strong sense of realism which tends to indicate that life is far from being a picnic. There is an ensemble cast of characters however no character remains undeveloped. The dialogue is excellent and contributes a lot to creating the tense tone of his shows. Simon's brilliant shows have a lot to say about American society – from urban decay to the role of mass media in contemporary life.
Now, the moment you've all been waiting for:
So, after looking at 5 of the best TV series creators today, we can more or less determine the secret formula to creating a hit TV series:
A cleverly written show that's also gritty and stylized, it has to deal with psychological issues and the characters have to talk quite a lot. Does Mob City have what it takes in order for it to be a hit TV series? It's definitely going to be gritty and stylized, if the characters will turn out to be troubled babblers with a smart thing to say once in a while, Mob City just might be the next hit!
>> To comment on this blog post, or to share your own insight on entertainment, join us on Facebook: www.facebook.com/JinniDotCom
Technorati Tags: Bryan Fuller, Wonderfalls, Dead Like Me, Pushing Daisies, Hannibal, David Milch, NYPD Blue, Deadwood, Luck, Ricky Gervais, Stephen Merchant, The Office, Extras, The Ricky Gervais Show, Life's Too Short, J.J. Abrams, Felicity, Alias, Lost, Fringe, Undercovers, David Simon, Homicide: Life on the Street, The Wire, Generation Kill, Treme, TV, TV Shows, Creators, Mob City, Frank Darabont
Popularity: 2% [?]
Emmy's 2013 – To Troll or not to Troll + 10 Fall Season HopefulsSeptember 23rd, 2013 by Barak
This is an important month for Television, not only were the Emmy winners announced yesterday, but also many new fall shows are premiering on all of the major networks. I'll start with my take on the Emmy's, and then I'll pick the 10 most promising new fall shows.
The Emmy's: The Emmy winners were announced, and I really can't say I trust or understand the people who choose the winners…I'll start from the bad and end with Breaking Bad:
Modern Family won the award for best comedy series again (!), don't they know there are other good comedies around? Louie for example. Modern Family is a nice sitcom, but it's not a modern classic that deserves to win the Emmy 4 years in a row.
Moving on to drama, my guess is that Jeff Daniels won just because they couldn't decide who to give the award to from all of the really good candidates: Bryan Cranston, Kevin Spacey and Jon Hamm.
And now for the part in which I'll try being positive on for size:
Claire Danes might be an obvious choice for the best dramatic actress award, but the reason that makes her such an obvious choice is that she's so good. Jeff Daniels wasn't an obvious choice for example, he was a bizarre one.
Anna Gun definitely deserved to win in the supporting actress in a drama category for her fantastic portrayal of Skyler White in Breaking Bad, and Bobby Cannavale's win was a pleasant surprise, he did a great job as Gyp Rosetti, probably the wackiest character ever seen in Boardwalk Empire, a worthy candidate to the fictional psychopaths hall of fame.
Lastly, congratulations to the Emmy decision makers, you saved yourselves from a major embarrassment when you gave the award for best drama series to Breaking Bad, what took you 5 years?! After 4 consecutive wins for Mad Men they gave the award to another excellent series – Homeland, and now Breaking Bad's moment has arrived. Breaking Bad is\was the best TV series of 2013. While Breaking Bad finally got what was coming to it, a few modern classics never won the Emmy award for best dramatic series – Deadwood,House, Dexter (when it was still good, now it's too late for that). I hope the same injustice won't be made with 2 other great shows: Boardwalk Empire and Game of Thrones.
Moving on to the new fall TV shows, there are many new promising TV series coming your way! Actually, there are so many new fall TV shows coming up, that I had a very hard time picking the 10 that I think are going to be the very best. Did I make the right choices? Only time will tell…Show some character and make sure you don't miss out on anything worth watching! Here are my picks for the 10 most promising new TV shows:
10. Trophy Wife (Premieres 24.9 on CBS)
The what: A sitcom about a party girl who quite suddenly marries an older guy and finds herself dealing with his 2 overbearing ex-spouses and their mischievous children.
The what it's like: The new Modern Family?
9. Ironside (Premieres 2.10 on NBC)
The what: Based on a show titled likewise that ran from 1967-1975 and deals with a tough wheelchair bound detective who with the help of his team solves the most difficult cases in New York city.
The what it's like: Hopefully it will be better than other remakes of classic detective shows like Kojak, Dragnet and Prime Suspect.
8. Dracula (Premieres 25.10 on NBC)
The what: A stylish looking series that tells the story of Dracula who comes to London under a false identity in order to exact revenge on those who betrayed him.
The what it's like: The Count of Monte Cristo with sharper teeth.
7. Brooklyn Nine-Nine (Premieres 17.9 on Fox)
The what: A sitcom about an immature NYPD detective and his new strict boss.
The what it's like: Something between Reno 911! and Starsky & Hutch.
6. Masters of Sex (Premieres 29.9 on Showtime)
The what: A drama about 2 groundbreaking researchers who examined human sexuality.
The what it's like: Kinsey with more sex and nudity.
5. Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D (Premieres 24.9 on ABC)
The what: An action sci-fi series about a select team of law enforcement agents who investigate the new, the strange, and the unknown across the globe, protecting the ordinary from the extraordinary.
The what it's like: The Avengers without the huge stars and the even bigger budget.
4. Hostages (Premieres 23.9 on CBS)
The what: A thriller about a surgeon who gets reluctantly involved in a political conspiracy when her family is taken hostage by a rogue FBI Agent.
The what it's like: Wants to be Homeland, might be more like Harrison Ford's 2006 movie Firewall.
3. Hello Ladies (Premieres 29.9 on HBO)
The what: A socially awkward Englishman comes to Los Angeles in order to find the woman of his dreams.
The what it's like: The Mindy Project meets How I Met Your Mother with a touch of The Office?
2. Almost Human (Premieres 4.11 on Fox)
The what: A futuristic action sci-fi series about a police department in which human detectives are paired with life-like androids.
The what it's like: I, Robot and Dredd.
1. Peaky Blinders (Premiered 12.9 on BBC Two)
The what: A gangster saga that takes place around 1919 and deals with an Irish gang and the tough law enforcer out to get them. It's stylized, tense and atmospheric and if you're into crime dramas you must see it.
The what it's like: Boardwalk Empire, The Black Donnellys.
Technorati Tags: Fall 2013, Emmy, Emmy's, Academy, Boardwalk Empire, Best Actor, Best Drama, Best Comedy, Best Series, Newsroom, Jeff Daniels, Breaking Bad, Bryan Cranston, Modern Family, Homeland, Claire Danes, Jim Parsons, Trophy Wife, Shield, Marvel, Ironside, Peaky Blinders, Almost Human, TV, New shows, Dracula, Hostages, Brooklyn Nine-Nine
Popularity: 2% [?]
New Summer TV for you to OMNOMNOM onAugust 4th, 2013 by Barak
Can you feel the heat? Summer has arrived and with it some very interesting TV shows. While you're sitting in your home, letting the air condition cool you off, let us recommend you 5 new TV shows that look very promising and 5 returning ones that will make this summer even hotter than it already is:
New Shows
Low Winter Sun is a remake of a British series titled likewise, and it stars the same impressive leading actor (Mark Strong). AMC's most famous crime drama, Breaking Bad, is coming to an end real soon and Low Winter Sun might be a worthy crime drama to replace the masterful show. The series was adapted to U.S TV by Chris Mundy (writer in both Hell on Wheels and Criminal Minds) and premieres August 11th.
4. The Bridge
The original Danish\Swedish TV show "The Bridge" was amazing, the plot had many twists and turns, the 2 main characters were flawed in a way that made it easy to relate to them, and the show had its own atmosphere and style that distinguished it from any other similarly themed shows. As for the American remake, I can't really say it's just as good, but it's definitely what you'd call quality TV. It manages to be quite close to the original (which is good) and also have its own thing going on; which is great and makes it a must see show as far as I'm concerned.
2. The Fall
The Fall is one of the best crime series to come out of Britain in recent years, The acting in this series is top notch (especially from blonde (!) Gillian Anderson), and also the writing and the directing, but the series' secret weapon is its haunting score. The Fall is a cat & mouse/detective & killer series just like another new TV show, The Following, but it's hard to explain how superior The Fall is in comparison to The Following…
1. Ray Donovan
Ray Donovan is one of the best American crime dramas in recent years (I still don't feel confident enough to mention it in the same sentence with Breaking Bad, The Sopranos, or The Wire, but maybe that will change soon). It's rough, clever and tense and benefits from great performances by Liev Schreiber and Jon Voight. The show's creator\head writer – Ann Biderman (also created Southland) is a masterful storyteller and I highly recommend you tune in every week and watch!
Returning Shows
5. Suits (2011)
4. Luther (2010)
Other good shows that I neglected to mention in my post (or did I?): Under the Dome (Not close to being the new Lost, but still has its moments), Axe Cop (offbeat animated comedy from Fox), Strike Back (4th season begins August 9th), The White Queen (great…for fans of period costume dramas) and In the Flesh (if you saw The Walking Dead and World War Z but feel there aren't enough zombies in your life).
>> To comment on this blog post, or to share your own insight on entertainment, join us on Facebook: www.facebook.com/JinniDotCom
Technorati Tags: summer, tv, returning seasons, new shows, suits, dexter, Low winter sun, The Bridge, Netflix, Orange is the new Black, The Fall, Ray Donovan, Luther, Hell on wheels, Breaking Bad
Popularity: 2% [?]


text:
What size container for moonflower?
I have started seedlings ( I hope) in peat pots, and would like to place them in a pot on the deck to grow up the sides. How large a pot should I use and how many seedlings should grow in a pot?
Thanks in advance,
My neighbor uses 10 inch pots with miracle grow potting mix. 1 seedling in each pot and plants the seedling towards the side of the pot so it is close to the edge to go up her railings.
She places the pots on several levels of her stairs going up her deck. They fill in fairly quickly and look beautiful.
Thank you Fran, that is just what I was looking for: I had thought about planting it in the ground but decided a pot would give it more protection from being stepped upon.
I wish I had begun the seeds earlier, I will do that next year so they will bloom earlier than September, which I think is likely at this point.
i used to grow them one per 11 inch pot and train them up strings tied to the third story level of my fire escape in brooklyn. they got most of the way up in a season! now i grow in the ground or several in a large planter tub. i suspect yours will bloom by august -- they grow quickly. you dont want to set them out too early anyway, as they are cold sensitive.


text:
This is the root of the common Lisp Directory. The whole tree of tags starts here.
If you are new to the Common Lisp Directory, you should probably first have a look at the "By topic" link below or at the "Tags" and "Index" links above.
The items lists (Libraries, documents, events, etc.) are limited to about 20 items randomly taken from the whole lists. Click on the titles or the "View all (n more)" links to see the full lists of items with their descriptions.
The CLD is written in Common Lisp.
By Topic (681 items) Resources for Common Lisp sorted by topic
Frequently Asked Questions (8 items) The Common Lisp Directory FAQ
Information (189 items) Various sources for information
Software (621 items)
By Support (93 items) Resources sorted by kind of support (books, web-sites, etc...)
People, Groups and Organizations (330 items) Humans related to Common Lisp
Programming Languages (162 items)
Standards and Specifications (57 items)
By Operating System (454 items) Resourses sorted by Operating System
By License (588 items) Resources sorted by their license
Human Languages (27 items)
By location (172 items)
Other resources (3 items) Resources that are not already in the other tags
Lisp Jobs (2 items) Lisp Jobs opportunities
dyslexia | contraband | S-XML | CM-ETF | CLORB | bmud | Common Lisp Reasoner | Lisa | Tic-Tac-Toe CLIM | misrouted | Kenzo | blitzblog | LiCE | CLDOC | CL-MEMCACHED | HTML-GEN | Curly | Python Generators in Common Lisp using Arnesi's CP... | Trivial-HTTP | S-BASE64 | de.setf.utility | slashcache.lisp | Sapaclisp | cl-btree | Miguedrez | archive | CL-DONGLE | log5 | conmc | LML2 | ch-asdf-markup | GClisp | Petri Net Editor | build-asdf-package | CL-MPD
View all (634 more)...
The Idiot's Guide to Common Lisp Packages | CAPI-OVERVIEW | How to submit content to the Common Lisp Directory | Daniel Bobrow CLOS video from 87 | CL quiz | Remote SLIME sessions over SSH | The Blog | MOP Retrospective - Gregor Kiczales speaks to lis... | The Nature of Lisp | Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach | LispUser.net | Gray Streams | ANSI Common Lisp, by Paul Graham | CLoX: Common Lisp Objects for XEmacs | What read-delimited-list will and won't do, and c... | A tutorial for ASDF-INSTALL | Lisp Idioms | Common-Lisp.net | Corman Lisp Discussion Groups | Common Lisp FAQ for comp.lang.lisp newsgroup
View all (167 more)...
Juliusz Chroboczek | Sean E. O'Connor | David Owen | David Young | James A. Crippen | Luís Oliveira | Liam Healy | Iban Hatchondo | Josh Gagnon | Levente Mészáros | Jörg Höhle | Juan José García-Ripoll | Jan Idzikowski | Marc Battyani | Risto Laakso | Jon Philpott | Chris Riesbeck | Thomas Atkins | Alexandre Buisse | Matthew Swank | Heiko Kirschke | Guy L. Steele Jr. | Christophe Allegrini | Peter Scott | Michael Filonenko | Nick Levine | Mikael Jansson | Denis Bueno | Jason Cornez | Daniel Dickison
View all (281 more)...
International Lisp Conference 2009 | European Common Lisp Meeting 2008 | International Lisp Conference 2007 | 3rd European Lisp Workshop | LispNYC May 2006 Meeting - Peter Seibel | European Common Lisp Meeting 2006 | LispNYC November 2005 meeting | 2nd European LISP and Scheme Workshop | International Lisp Conference 2005 | European Common Lisp Meeting 2005 | 1st European Lisp and Scheme Workshop | International Lisp Conference 2003 | Japan Lisp User Group Meeting 2000
MCL | Parrot Common Lisp | Movitz | CLForJava | Steel Bank Common Lisp | Open Genera | Steel Bank Studio | ECL | CLISP | Liquid Common Lisp | Generic ANSI Common Lisp | OpenMCL | Star Sapphire Common Lisp | Sacla | Scieneer Common Lisp | SBCL | CMUCL | Allegro Common Lisp | Corman Lisp | :o( Smilisp :-)
View all (8 more)...
The Common Lisp Gardeners | Core Group | Common-Lisp.biz | HPC Platform | ITA Software | CRISPYLOGICS | bese | Franz Inc. | Ystok-Systema | Debian | Algorithme - Information Technology services | Association of Lisp Users | Department of Computer Science and Engineering, FE... | Lispworks Ltd. | Ravenbrook | Consequor Consulting AG | Clozure Associates | Gothenburg Lisp User Group | Lisp-it | LiLA - LISP LAB AUSTRIA
View all (9 more)...
YstokCard - smart card API (PC/SC)(Modified)| YstokGrid(Modified)| CL-Typesetting(Modified)| CL-PDF(Modified)| Jean-Philippe Paradis(Added)| Armed Bear Common Lisp(Annotated)| Allegro Common Lisp(Modified)| CLFSWM - A(nother) Common Lisp FullScreen Window M...(Modified)| Ystok-URI - library for representing, parsing, and...(Added)| Clon, the Command-Line Options Nuker(Modified)| Common Lisp Reasoner(Modified)| ASDlite(Modified)| Ystok-Library(Modified)| Ystok-Local-Time(Modified)| YHTML-Template(Modified)| cl-gdata(Added)| Michael Filonenko(Added)| cl-portaudio(Added)| YstokHTML - collection of HTML generator, parser a...(Added)| Common Lisp User Space File System(Added)| cl-btree(Added)
View all last modified items...
(Notes are similar to comments but for adding precisions or facts)
You must be logged to add a note
You must be logged to add a comment
Comments and Notes Welcome
You can comment and/or add notes to all the tags and items of the Common Lisp Directory.
Submitted by admin 3391 days 21 hours 37 min ago
Comments added to RSS feeds
Now the commented items are added to the RSS feeds so that it's possible to see what have been commented recently.
Submitted by marc.battyani 3332 days 1 hour 27 min ago
unicode possibilities
It would be nice if cl-user would display unicode input for CJK text. With PCL and On Lisp getting new printings in Japan, it might be beneficial to attract more brain-share from that side of the world. Would this be considered out of cl-user.net's scope?
Submitted by charliemac 2427 days 19 hours 12 min ago
Perhaps it would be interesting to open up a "universities" category (or subcategory of Organization) to list universities that teach lisp?
Submitted by informatimago 2420 days 10 hours 28 min ago
re: universities
This is a good idea. Done.
Submitted by marc.battyani 2417 days 14 hours 42 min ago
re: unicode possibilities
I have to think about it.
The use of English as the standard language is prefered so that the information is useable by most lispers.
I don't mind some other language content though.
Submitted by marc.battyani 2417 days 14 hours 14 min ago
Change descriptions may accept invalid characters
Attempting to view the "Last Modified Items" RSS feed in the Google Chrome browser gives the error: "error on line 10 at column 2048: PCDATA invalid Char value 12". Adding the feed in Mozilla Thunderbird: "<feed URL> is not a valid feed."
Submitted by WalterGR 1544 days 21 hours 13 min ago
Repository access
Many sites have a link to view the repository such as:
Source code repository http://common-lisp.net/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/?cvsroot=cl-semantic
however, I can't find any place that describes how to convert that link into something that can be used to actually check out the source code. I'm very suppressed this hasn't been an issue before.
Submitted by blake1024 1179 days 9 hours 54 min ago


text:
Plugged Steam Iron
I have a wonderful steam iron that I failed to use distilled water in when I ran out and it has partly plugged up with hard water scale. Does anyone have a tip on how to clean that stuff out and not ruin the iron? I'm thinking maybe white vinegar or coffee pot cleaner but I think I once used vinegar on an iron and got a smelly residue that got on clothes. -----help!
Vinegar works great, let soak for a while. You do need to rinse the vinegar out of the iron after it has soaked long enough to release the lime deposits.
Hold the hot iron over the sink (don't touch sink) and use the button for puffs of steam repeatedly. Fill with clear water and do the same repeatedly until no more junk comes out.
Test ironing on fabric you don't care if it gets ruin to see if the iron is clean and no more junk to spit out.


text:
Foundation garden for newly built home
I would really appreciate some advice since I'm no pro when it comes to garden design. We built six months ago and we are just now getting around to the front foundation bed. I've just purchased some plants today (can take back though if I need to) but I am just not sure of placement or whether what I chose will work. I uploaded a picture of our house that was taken in November 2013 when just built. I can take another tomorrow if needed. The area I'm looking to plant in is to the right of the porch, under the windows. I'm looking at an area of 13x8ish which will bring the width of the bed flush to the porch but could also make it wider if needed. Also, I want to extend it past the right edge of the house in order to create a circle where I can plant a specimen tree (crabapple or dogwood maybe?).
Here's what I currently have to work with:
1 cranberry viburnum (back corner by porch?)
3 danica arborvitae (across the front?)
2 Red Satin Coreopsis (not sure where to place)
1 Mercury Rising Coreopsis (thought it was Red Satin and grabbed it accidentally)
2 Bonfire Surge (in between the danica?)
Also considering:
1 Yellow Azalea under the window
1 Potentilla under the window (or anotherAzalea?)
1 Ninebark Diablo (back right corner of house)
And maybe fill in the front corners with some of the following : Catmint, Echinacea (yellow), Heart Attack Sweet William
Thoughts? Are my placement ideas way off? Should I think about different plant options? I'm trying to stick with a maroon, purple, and yellow color scheme with some white thrown in as well.
THANK YOU for any advice!
Are you speaking of just the right side of this house? It looks as if there will not be enough room for all you have mentioned. Unless you are thinking of bringing them away from the house. I am no designer, but don't put everything right up against the house Spread it out>>along the side and deep into yard.


text:
Product Description
The Callaway Nikon idTech Laser Rangefinder takes the guess work out of finding distances. Featuring an easy to read external LCD screen coupled with incline/decline data for actual carry distance. With a range of 11-550 yards this laser will make sure you never have to guess at your yardages again.
Item #:CALIDTECH-8375-1EA
Shipping Rates and Information
When will my order ship?
Orders whose payments are received by 4PM ET (Eastern Time) ship the same day! The exception to this when an item ships directly from the manufacturer, and this is noted in the item description.
What are GolfEtail's shipping rates?
GolfEtail offers FREE economy shipping on all Continental US orders over $99. For all other orders, GolfEtail.com provides a range of low cost shipping options based on your invoice total and the service you need. Below are our shipping rates:
When will I receive my order from GolfEtail?
Your order delivery is largely based upon 2 things:
Our warehouse is located in Southern CA, so if your order is destined for the East Coast via Standard service, then your order will arrive about a week later. Similarly if you live in the MidWest, then give it 3 or 4 business days.
Also understand shipments deliver Monday through Friday, so if you order Next Day Air on Friday morning your order will be delivered on Monday (regardless of where you live).
Similarly if you order 2 Day Air on Friday morning, then your order will deliver Tuesday. Major holidays do play a role in transit times and may delay your order by another day, so take this into consideration.
Will I receive a tracking number after my order ships?
Absolutely! You will receive a tracking number within a few hours of your order shipping and your order can be tracked from our website. Please email us at firstname.lastname@example.com if you have any difficulties tracking your order.
What People Are Saying
Only $89.99
You Save 55%
Only $7.99
You Save 60%
Only $74.99
You Save 67%
Only $94.99
You Save 73%
Only $74.99
You Save 67%


text:
|By PR Newswire
Article Rating:
|December 31, 2012 04:21 PM EST
BOSTON, Dec. 31, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Eaton Vance Enhanced Equity Income Fund (NYSE: EOI) today announced important information concerning its distribution declared in December 2012. This press release is issued as required by the Fund's managed distribution plan (Plan) and an exemptive order received from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. The Board of Trustees has approved the implementation of the Plan to make monthly cash distributions to common shareholders, stated in terms of a fixed amount per common share. This information is sent to you for informational purposes only and is an estimate of the sources of the December distribution. It is not determinative of the tax character of the Fund's distributions for the 2012 calendar year. Shareholders should note that the Fund's total regular distribution amount is subject to change as a result of market conditions or other factors.
The amounts and sources of distributions reported in this notice are estimates, are not being provided for tax reporting purposes and the distribution may later be determined to be from other sources including realized short-term gains, long-term gains, to the extent permitted by law, and return of capital. The actual amounts and sources for tax reporting purposes will depend upon the Fund's investment experience during the remainder of its fiscal year and may be subject to changes based on tax regulations. The Fund will send you a Form 1099-DIV for the calendar year that will tell you how to report these distributions for federal income tax purposes.
Distribution Period: December 2012
Distribution Amount per Common Share: $0.0864
The following table sets forth an estimate of the sources of the Fund's December distribution and its cumulative distributions paid this fiscal year to date. Amounts are expressed on a per common share basis and as a percentage of the distribution amount.
Eaton Vance Enhanced Equity Income Fund
Current Distribution
% of Current
% of the Cumulative
Net Investment Income
Net Realized Short-Term Capital Gains
Net Realized Long-Term Capital Gains
Return of Capital or Other Capital Source(s)
Total per common share
1 The Fund's fiscal year is October 1, 2012 to September 30, 2013
IMPORTANT DISCLOSURE: You should not draw any conclusions about the Fund's investment performance from the amount of this distribution or from the terms of the Fund's Plan. The Fund estimates that it has distributed more than its income and net realized capital gains; therefore, a portion of your distribution may be a return of capital. A return of capital may occur for example, when some or all of the money that you invested in the Fund is paid back to you. A return of capital distribution does not necessarily reflect the Fund's investment performance and should not be confused with 'yield' or 'income.' The amounts and sources of distributions reported in this Notice are only estimates and are not being provided for tax reporting purposes. The actual amounts and sources of the amounts for accounting and/or tax reporting purposes will depend upon the Fund's investment experience during the remainder of its fiscal year and may be subject to changes based on tax regulations. The Fund will send you a Form 1099-DIV for the calendar year that will tell you how to report these distributions for federal income tax purposes.
Set forth in the table below is information relating to the Fund's performance based on its net asset value (NAV) for certain periods.
Average annual total return at NAV for the 5-year period ended on November 30, 20121
Annualized current distribution rate expressed as a percentage of NAV as of November 30, 20122
Cumulative total return at NAV for the fiscal year through November 30, 20123
Cumulative fiscal year to date distribution rate as a percentage of NAV as of November 30, 20124
1 Average annual total return at NAV represents the simple arithmetic average of the annual NAV total returns of the Fund for the 5-year period ended on November 30, 2012.
2 The annualized current distribution rate is the cumulative distribution rate annualized as a percentage of the Fund's NAV as of November 30, 2012.
3 Cumulative total return at NAV is the percentage change in the Fund's NAV for the period from the beginning of its fiscal year to November 30, 2012 including distributions paid and assuming reinvestment of those distributions.
4 Cumulative fiscal year distribution rate for the period from the beginning of its fiscal year to November 30, 2012 measured on the dollar value of distributions in the year-to-date period as a percentage of the Fund's NAV as of November 30, 2012.
The Fund is managed by Eaton Vance Management, a subsidiary of Eaton Vance Corp. (NYSE: EV), based in Boston, one of the oldest investment management firms in the United States, with a history dating back to 1924. Eaton Vance and its affiliates managed $199.5 billion in assets as of October 31, 2012, offering individuals and institutions a broad array of investment strategies and wealth management solutions. The Company's long record of providing exemplary service and attractive returns through a variety of market conditions has made Eaton Vance the investment manager of choice for many of today's most discerning investors. For more information about Eaton Vance, visit www.eatonvance.com.
SOURCE Eaton Vance Management
Internet of Things (IoT) will be a hybrid ecosystem of diverse devices and sensors collaborating with operational and enterprise systems to create the next big application. In their session at @ThingsExpo, Bramh Gupta, founder and CEO of robomq.io, and Fred Yatzeck, principal architect leading product development at robomq.io, will discuss how choosing the right middleware and integration strategy from the get-go will enable IoT solution developers to adapt and grow with the industry, while at the same time reduce Time to Market (TTM) by using plug and play capabilities offered by a robust I...
Mar. 31, 2015 04:00 PM EDT Reads: 505
After making a doctor's appointment via your mobile device, you receive a calendar invite. The day of your appointment, you get a reminder with the doctor's location and contact information. As you enter the doctor's exam room, the medical team is equipped with the latest tablet containing your medical history – he or she makes real time updates to your medical file. At the end of your visit, you receive an electronic prescription to your preferred pharmacy and can schedule your next appointment.
Mar. 31, 2015 03:45 PM EDT Reads: 990
SYS-CON Events announced today that Solgenia will exhibit at SYS-CON's 16th International Cloud Expo®, which will take place on June 9-11, 2015, at the Javits Center in New York City, NY, and the 17th International Cloud Expo®, which will take place on November 3–5, 2015, at the Santa Clara Convention Center in Santa Clara, CA. Solgenia is the global market leader in Cloud Collaboration and Cloud Infrastructure software solutions. Designed to "Bridge the Gap" between Personal and Professional Social, Mobile and Cloud user experiences, our solutions help large and medium-sized organizations dr...
Mar. 31, 2015 03:00 PM EDT Reads: 2,996
While not quite mainstream yet, WebRTC is starting to gain ground with Carriers, Enterprises and Independent Software Vendors (ISV's) alike. WebRTC makes it easy for developers to add audio and video communications into their applications by using Web browsers as their platform. But like any market, every customer engagement has unique requirements, as well as constraints. And of course, one size does not fit all. In her session at WebRTC Summit, Dr. Natasha Tamaskar, Vice President, Head of Cloud and Mobile Strategy at GENBAND, will explore what is needed to take a real time communications ...
Mar. 31, 2015 02:39 PM EDT Reads: 408
The world's leading Cloud event, Cloud Expo has launched Microservices Journal on the SYS-CON.com portal, featuring over 19,000 original articles, news stories, features, and blog entries. DevOps Journal is focused on this critical enterprise IT topic in the world of cloud computing. Microservices Journal offers top articles, news stories, and blog posts from the world's well-known experts and guarantees better exposure for its authors than any other publication. Follow new article posts on Twitter at @MicroservicesE
Mar. 31, 2015 12:00 PM EDT Reads: 1,548
SYS-CON Events announced today that Litmus Automation will exhibit at SYS-CON's 16th International Cloud Expo®, which will take place on June 9-11, 2015, at the Javits Center in New York City, NY. Litmus Automation's vision is to provide a solution for companies that are in a rush to embrace the disruptive Internet of Things technology and leverage it for real business challenges. Litmus Automation simplifies the complexity of connected devices applications with Loop, a secure and scalable cloud platform.
Mar. 31, 2015 12:00 PM EDT Reads: 595
SYS-CON Events announced today the IoT Bootcamp – Jumpstart Your IoT Strategy, being held June 9–10, 2015, in conjunction with 16th Cloud Expo and Internet of @ThingsExpo at the Javits Center in New York City. This is your chance to jumpstart your IoT strategy. Combined with real-world scenarios and use cases, the IoT Bootcamp is not just based on presentations but includes hands-on demos and walkthroughs. We will introduce you to a variety of Do-It-Yourself IoT platforms including Arduino, Raspberry Pi, BeagleBone, Spark and Intel Edison. You will also get an overview of cloud technologies s...
Mar. 31, 2015 11:00 AM EDT Reads: 2,222
Containers and microservices have become topics of intense interest throughout the cloud developer and enterprise IT communities. Accordingly, attendees at the upcoming 16th Cloud Expo at the Javits Center in New York June 9-11 will find fresh new content in a new track called PaaS | Containers & Microservices Containers are not being considered for the first time by the cloud community, but a current era of re-consideration has pushed them to the top of the cloud agenda. With the launch of Docker's initial release in March of 2013, interest was revved up several notches. Then late last...
Mar. 31, 2015 09:15 AM EDT Reads: 2,292
The WebRTC Summit 2015 New York, to be held June 9-11, 2015, at the Javits Center in New York, NY, announces that its Call for Papers is open. Topics include all aspects of improving IT delivery by eliminating waste through automated business models leveraging cloud technologies. WebRTC Summit is co-located with 16th International Cloud Expo, @ThingsExpo, Big Data Expo, and DevOps Summit.
Mar. 31, 2015 09:00 AM EDT Reads: 1,697
SOA Software has changed its name to Akana. With roots in Web Services and SOA Governance, Akana has established itself as a leader in API Management and is expanding into cloud integration as an alternative to the traditional heavyweight enterprise service bus (ESB). The company recently announced that it achieved more than 90% year-over-year growth. As Akana, the company now addresses the evolution and diversification of SOA, unifying security, management, and DevOps across SOA, APIs, microservices, and more.
Mar. 31, 2015 08:30 AM EDT Reads: 2,105
Wearable technology was dominant at this year's International Consumer Electronics Show (CES) , and MWC was no exception to this trend. New versions of favorites, such as the Samsung Gear (three new products were released: the Gear 2, the Gear 2 Neo and the Gear Fit), shared the limelight with new wearables like Pebble Time Steel (the new premium version of the company's previously released smartwatch) and the LG Watch Urbane. The most dramatic difference at MWC was an emphasis on presenting wearables as fashion accessories and moving away from the original clunky technology associated with t...
Mar. 31, 2015 03:00 AM EDT Reads: 1,560
SYS-CON Events announced today that robomq.io will exhibit at SYS-CON's @ThingsExpo, which will take place on June 9-11, 2015, at the Javits Center in New York City, NY. robomq.io is an interoperable and composable platform that connects any device to any application. It helps systems integrators and the solution providers build new and innovative products and service for industries requiring monitoring or intelligence from devices and sensors.
Mar. 30, 2015 06:00 PM EDT Reads: 1,574
The list of 'new paradigm' technologies that now surrounds us appears to be at an all time high. From cloud computing and Big Data analytics to Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) and the Internet of Things (IoT), today we have to deal with what the industry likes to call 'paradigm shifts' at every level of IT. This is disruption; of course, we understand that – change is almost always disruptive.
Mar. 30, 2015 04:00 PM EDT Reads: 1,184
SYS-CON Events announced today that SafeLogic has been named "Bag Sponsor" of SYS-CON's 16th International Cloud Expo® New York, which will take place June 9-11, 2015, at the Javits Center in New York City, NY. SafeLogic provides security products for applications in mobile and server/appliance environments. SafeLogic's flagship product CryptoComply is a FIPS 140-2 validated cryptographic engine designed to secure data on servers, workstations, appliances, mobile devices, and in the Cloud.
Mar. 30, 2015 11:00 AM EDT Reads: 1,548
GENBAND has announced that SageNet is leveraging the Nuvia platform to deliver Unified Communications as a Service (UCaaS) to its large base of retail and enterprise customers. Nuvia's cloud-based solution provides SageNet's customers with a full suite of business communications and collaboration tools. Two large national SageNet retail customers have recently signed up to deploy the Nuvia platform and the company will continue to sell the service to new and existing customers. Nuvia's capabilities include HD voice, video, multimedia messaging, mobility, conferencing, Web collaboration, deskt...
Mar. 30, 2015 01:00 AM EDT Reads: 1,525
SYS-CON Media announced today that @WebRTCSummit Blog, the largest WebRTC resource in the world, has been launched. @WebRTCSummit Blog offers top articles, news stories, and blog posts from the world's well-known experts and guarantees better exposure for its authors than any other publication. @WebRTCSummit Blog can be bookmarked ▸ Here @WebRTCSummit conference site can be bookmarked ▸ Here
Mar. 29, 2015 10:00 PM EDT Reads: 1,868
SYS-CON Events announced today that Cisco, the worldwide leader in IT that transforms how people connect, communicate and collaborate, has been named "Gold Sponsor" of SYS-CON's 16th International Cloud Expo®, which will take place on June 9-11, 2015, at the Javits Center in New York City, NY. Cisco makes amazing things happen by connecting the unconnected. Cisco has shaped the future of the Internet by becoming the worldwide leader in transforming how people connect, communicate and collaborate. Cisco and our partners are building the platform for the Internet of Everything by connecting the...
Mar. 29, 2015 07:00 PM EDT Reads: 5,282
Temasys has announced senior management additions to its team. Joining are David Holloway as Vice President of Commercial and Nadine Yap as Vice President of Product. Over the past 12 months Temasys has doubled in size as it adds new customers and expands the development of its Skylink platform. Skylink leads the charge to move WebRTC, traditionally seen as a desktop, browser based technology, to become a ubiquitous web communications technology on web and mobile, as well as Internet of Things compatible devices.
Mar. 29, 2015 06:00 PM EDT Reads: 1,890
Docker is an excellent platform for organizations interested in running microservices. It offers portability and consistency between development and production environments, quick provisioning times, and a simple way to isolate services. In his session at DevOps Summit at 16th Cloud Expo, Shannon Williams, co-founder of Rancher Labs, will walk through these and other benefits of using Docker to run microservices, and provide an overview of RancherOS, a minimalist distribution of Linux designed expressly to run Docker. He will also discuss Rancher, an orchestration and service discovery platf...
Mar. 29, 2015 04:15 PM EDT Reads: 2,471
SYS-CON Events announced today that Vitria Technology, Inc. will exhibit at SYS-CON's @ThingsExpo, which will take place on June 9-11, 2015, at the Javits Center in New York City, NY. Vitria will showcase the company's new IoT Analytics Platform through live demonstrations at booth #330. Vitria's IoT Analytics Platform, fully integrated and powered by an operational intelligence engine, enables customers to rapidly build and operationalize advanced analytics to deliver timely business outcomes for use cases across the industrial, enterprise, and consumer segments.
Mar. 29, 2015 03:30 PM EDT Reads: 2,231