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An effective seal for protecting a touchscreen and associated electronics from liquid infiltration, the seal being placed between the housing and the surface of the touchscreen and configured to surround the useful touchscreen area. The seal is preferably formed of a closed cell foam covered on the surface which contacts the touchscreen surface with a liquid impervious barrier, or an expanded polymer such as expanded PTFE. The seal may be secured to the bezel edge by a transfer adhesive coating applied to the bezel edge, except for a relatively thin edge strip along the inner edge of the bezel end, so that substantially no adhesive is present on a free surface of the seal body proximate to the window aperture of the bezel. Preferably, a smooth surface is provided for adhering the seal body to the bezel. The seal body may be compressed between the bezel and touchscreen surface to effect a seal.
1. A seal system for a surface acoustic wave touchscreen including a screen having a touch surface disposed to be selectively touched and a housing mounting the screen, the housing including at least one open window disposed proximate and surrounding the touch surface of the screen and including a housing end surface having two sides thereto and an inner surface, disposed proximate to and surrounding the open window and spaced from the touchscreen touch surface by a seal space, and a seal disposed in the seal space between the housing end surface and the touchscreen surface proximate thereto for filling the seal space, said seal comprising:
(a) sealing body having a predetermined thickness and width, said predetermined thickness being at least sufficient to fill said seal space between the housing end surface and the touchscreen surface disposed proximate thereto, said sealing body having a liquid impervious barrier and allowing transmission of at least a portion of a surface acoustic wave adjacent thereto;
(b) said liquid impervious barrier covering at least said width of said sealing body so as to provide an outer covering surface;
(c) said outer covering surface being disposed adjacent the touchscreen surface when said sealing body is disposed in said seal space;
(d) an adhesive, for adhering said sealing body to said housing inner surface, having a width smaller than said width of said sealing body, so that said adhesive may be sandwiched between said sealing body and said housing inner surface.
2. The seal system of claim 1, wherein housing end surface has a width, said predetermined width of said sealing body being at least equal to said width of said housing end surface.
3. The seal system of claim 2, wherein said predetermined width of said sealing body is wider than said width of said housing end surface and when disposed in said seal space covering at least said width of said housing end surface and extending out beyond same to at least one said side of said housing end surface.
4. The seal system of claim 3, wherein said predetermined width of said sealing body and the positioning thereof is such that said sealing body extends out beyond each said side of said housing end surface.
5. The seal system of claim 1, wherein said sealing body is provided with a second outer surface disposed proximate the housing end surface when said sealing body is disposed in said seal space.
6. The seal system of claim 5, wherein said second outer surface is secured to said housing end surface by a transfer adhesive.
7. The seal system of claim 6, wherein housing end surface has a width, said transfer adhesive being applied to almost the full width of said housing end surface except for a relatively thin path proximate an inner surface of said end surface thereof.
8. The seal system of claim 1, wherein at least said sealing body comprises a closed cell foam.
9. The seal system of claim 1, wherein a bulk of said sealing body comprises a closed cell polyolefin foam material.
10. The seal system of claim 1, wherein said sealing body comprises expanded PTFE.
11. The seal system of claim 1, wherein said sealing body is provided as a continuous length strip.
12. The seal system of claim 1, wherein said seal body is positioned between said housing end surface and said touchscreen and compressed between said housing and said touchscreen surface.
13. The seal system of claim 12, wherein said seal body is compressed by about 50% of its free volume.
14. The touchscreen system of claim 1, wherein said seal space is not substantially interior to or otherwise further radial to said window of said housing means, said space location avoiding puddle trap formation.
15. The touchscreen system of claim 1, wherein said seal body extends at least to an inner edge of said window.
16. The touchscreen system of claim 1, further comprising computational means to ignore x and/or y touch coordinates of an acoustic wave perturbation outside of the coordinates of said open window.
17. The touchscreen system of claim 1, further comprising a controller for determining a touch location and adaptively filtering an acoustic attenuation of seal sealing body.
18. The touchscreen according to claim 1, further comprising reflective arrays disposed parallel to sealing body, for deflecting acoustic energy across said touchscreen surface, said reflective arrays having a limited length to reflect acoustic energy along axes within areas bounded by said sealing body.
19. A surface acoustic wave touchscreen system comprising:
(a) a touchscreen having a touch surface;
(b) a housing, including a bezel having an aperture through which said touchscreen surface may be touched, said housing being for mounting said touchscreen;
(c) said bezel including an end surface spaced from said touchscreen touch surface by a seal space, said end surface not including a channel;
(d) a seal strip disposed in and filling said seal space; and
(e) an adhesive, disposed essentially between and adhering said seal strip to said end surface, without an exposed portion proximate to said aperture.
20. The touchscreen of claim 19, wherein said seal strip comprises a body of closed cell foam sheathed on at least one surface by a water impervious film.
21. The touchscreen of claim 19, wherein said seal strip comprises a body of closed cell polyolefin foam sheathed on at least one surface by a water impervious film.
22. The touchscreen of claim 19, wherein said seal strip comprises a body of expanded PTFE.
23. The touchscreen system of claim 19, wherein said seal strip is of a predetermined width and said bezel end surface is of a width at least equal to said predetermined width of said seal strip.
24. The touchscreen system of claim 19, wherein said seal strip has a predetermined width and said bezel end surface has a width at most equal to said predetermined width of said seal strip.
25. The touchscreen system of claim 24, wherein said predetermined width of said seal strip is wider than said width of said bezel end surface and a positioning of said seal strip is such that said seal strip extends out beyond each side of said bezel end surface.
26. The touchscreen system of claim 25, wherein said transfer adhesive is applied to said end surface of said bezel and said seal strip is secured to said transfer adhesive by applying a pressure therebetween, said seal strip having a water impervious barrier disposed adjacent to said touchscreen surface.
27. The touchscreen system according to claim 26, wherein said seal strip further comprises a second water impervious barrier disposed adjacent said contact adhesive.
28. A method of providing a seal between an end surface of a bezel and an open touchscreen touch surface, comprising:
(a) fabricating a seal strip with a body of closed cell foam having at least one surface of said body with a water impervious barrier;
(b) positioning the seal strip between an end surface of the bezel and a touch surface of the touchscreen, defining an open area, so that the water impervious barrier is disposed against the touch surface of the touchscreen; and
(c) adhering the seal strip to the end surface of the bezel with an adhesive, disposed essentially between the seal strip and the end surface, without an exposed portion proximate to the open area.
29. The method according to claim 28, further comprising the step of providing a second water impervious barrier on said seal strip, disposed adjacent the bezel end surface.
30. The method of claim 28, further comprising the step of attaching the seal strip to the bezel end surface with a transfer adhesive.
31. The method of claim 28, further comprising the step of fabricating the seal strip to a width wider than the width of said bezel end surface and applying the seal strip to the bezel end surface so as to extend beyond the bezel end surface width on each side.
32. The method of claim 31, further comprising the step of applying the seal strip to the bezel end surface as a continuous strip, completely around said bezel end surface.
33. The method of claim 31, further comprising the step of applying the seal strip to the bezel end surface as a continuous strip, disposed on a lower portion of the bezel end surface.
34. The method of claim 28, further comprising the step of ignoring any x and/or y acoustic wave perturbation coordinates outside of the coordinates of the open area of the touchscreen touch surface.
35. The method of claim 28, further comprising the step of adaptively filtering an acoustic attenuation of seal sealing body.
36. The method of claim 28, further comprising the step of limiting a location of reflective arrays provided on the touchscreen to reflect acoustic energy along axes within the open area bounded by the tape.
The present invention relates to surface acoustic wave touchscreens; and more particularly to effecting a seal between the touchscreen surface and touchscreen housing.
A "surface acoustic wave", as defined herein, is an acoustic wave with sufficient power density at the surface to detect a touch due to a finger or stylus. Rayleigh waves, a type of surface acoustic wave with energy confined near one surface with no energy on an opposing face, are commonly used to detect touch. In practice, attempts to produce such waves result in quasi-Rayleigh waves, wherein over distances of interest, substantially all of the wave energy remains on one surface. By virtue of the high degree of wave energy confinement near one surface and its vertical component of particle motion, quasi-Rayleigh wave touch detection systems are especially sensitive to structures abutting the surface.
Conventional surface acoustic wave touchscreens operate at an acoustic frequency of about 5.0 to 6.0 MHz. These signals are attenuated by, e.g., liquids, human fingers, many types of polymers, and other types of objects in contact with the surface. Thus, the touchscreen can determine the position of a finger by determining a characteristic attenuation pattern. However, it is generally considered undesirable to have other potentially interfering sources of surface acoustic wave attenuation present in a touchscreen system. Thus, the prior art teaches that any object in contact with a touchscreen surface in proximity to which surface acoustic waves travel should have a low surface acoustic wave attenuation.
Surface acoustic wave touchscreens are often provided with a reflecting array of elements which distribute the acoustic energy across the substrate surface, disposed immediately under the housing window inner edge. These arrays are sensitive to accumulation of deposits, and therefore liquids in contact with these arrays would tend to adversely effect the touchscreen operation.
Surface acoustic wave (SAW) touchscreens are utilized as user interfaces to controls and computer based systems. SAW touchscreens are quite often utilized in point-of-sale (POS) systems especially in restaurants, fast food establishments, sweet shops, ice-cream parlors and other places where food and drinks are served or may otherwise come into contact with the touchscreen. Furthermore, in some applications glass cleaning fluids may be a potential source of chemical attack on sensitive components. For example, glass cleaning solutions may be acidic, containing, e.g., acetic acid.
The touchscreen itself, which comprises a sheet of glass and appropriate acoustic and electronic components, is encased in a display device housing with a window that exposes a portion of the glass touchscreen surface so that the user can touch specific places or locations on the screen surface and by doing so effect an input into the control device in a known manner. Conventional construction and fabrication materials often include plastic as the material of choice from which major portions, if not all, of the touchscreen and display device housing are fabricated.
Where no compliant seal is provided, the gap between the edge of the housing and the touchscreen should be uniformly narrow. However, the housing is generally rigid, and the edge of the housing and the touchscreen surface may not be perfectly parallel, especially where the touchscreen is curved. Thus, positioning one against the other may not provide an effective seal if the touchscreen is to be utilized in a "hostile environment". Such a hostile environment, for a SAW touchscreen, would be any environment where substances detrimental to the acoustic properties or electronic components housed within the touchscreen and display device housing might infiltrate the housing through whatever space there might be between the housing window edge and the touchscreen surface disposed proximate such edge, and upon doing so might damage one or more of the electronic or acoustic components housed therein. The utilization of surface acoustic wave touchscreens in restaurants, ice cream stores, fast food establishments and the like in fact presents such a hostile environment. Soda, water, tea, coffee, glass cleaning fluids, and other liquids, if spilled onto a touchscreen that does not have an effective seal between the window edge and touchscreen surface, may flow between the unsealed or poorly sealed window edge and touchscreen surface, and once inside the housing damage the components housed therein. Even a tight seal, if subjected to contact with liquids for an extended period, may permit such liquids, due to capillary action, to seep between the sealing member and touchscreen surface and into the SAW touchscreen and display device housing and so damage the electronic or acoustic components housed therein or adversely effect the performance.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,332,238 to G. Borucki for "Surface Acoustic Wave Touchscreen Sealing System" shows and describes ways of placing a seal between an upper housing of a surface acoustic wave touchscreen and a glass surface of the touchscreen. Borucki teaches that the seal should have a low attenuation of the acoustic wave, i.e., below the touch threshold, and further provides a seal formed of foam, having an open cell structured face adjacent to the touchscreen to minimize surface acoustic wave absorption. This open cell structure adjacent the touchscreen surface forms a potential space in which liquids may become trapped and therefore suffer impeded egress or evaporation. The Borucki seals also require an upper housing construction that includes a channel formed into the under surface of the housing proximate an edge thereof and disposition of a membrane on vertically disposed surfaces of the seal, so that the membranes extends from at least an under surface of the touchscreen housing to the upper surface of the glass touchscreen. The channel to receive the seal member of Borucki incurs an extra cost. Further, a gap may remain between the under surface of the housing and the upper surface of the glass touchscreen, forming a reservoir to capture spilled liquids adjacent to the seal. The vertical membrane that forms so important a part of the Borucki seal may not prove to be as effective a seal as required for liquids where it abuts the glass touchscreen surface, and may otherwise not be appropriate for intended uses of surface acoustic wave touchscreens.
Of particular interest is the case in which the housing is a bezel, with no substantial modifications, of an existing CRT based monitor display device.
Two seals have been developed for sealing commercial products by Elo TouchSystems, Inc. In one example, an open-cell foam strip with preapplied contact adhesive, Scotch(TM) brand 3M 4317 single-coated polyester urethane foam tape, was used; while an effective dust seal, its performance was limited with regard to liquids. In a second example, an 2mm thick expanded PTFE (poly-tetrafluoroethylene) strip with contact adhesive coating on the full quarter-inch width of one side was used. Furthermore, experiments have been conducted with a closed cell polyolefin foam strip with a pressure-sensitive contact adhesive covering one side.
It is a principal object of the present invention to provide new and novel sealing method and seal provided between the touch surface of a SAW touchscreen and the upper housing forming an opening or window through which said touch surface may be touched.
It is still another object of this invention to provide a new and novel sealing method and seal formed between a touch surface of a surface acoustic wave touchscreen and an edge of a housing that fits over and surrounds said surface and forms an open window through which said touchscreen may be touched.
It is yet still a further object of this invention to provide a new and novel sealing method for effecting a seal between an edge of a housing and the touch surface of a SAW touchscreen.
It is yet a further object of this invention to minimize the risk of wetting the interface between the seal and touchscreen via capillary action.
It is another object of the invention to provide a sealing structure which avoids recesses in which liquids may accumulate in proximity to an aperture or window for accessing a touch-sensitive front surface of a touchscreen.
It is a still further object of this invention to provide a sealing solution for display devices, e.g., CRT-based monitors, in which the original display device length may be used, without requiring replacement or modification of the normal housing or bezel in the sealed touchscreen display device.
One aspect of the present invention involves a surface acoustic wave touchscreen in combination with a display device and its housing such that the housing includes a window providing access to the touch surface of the touchscreen and wherein there is a seal positioned between the touch surface and an end surface of the housing surrounding and closest to the window; the seal including a body of predetermined thickness and width and an uninterrupted length preferably at least long enough to encompass the housing end surface, the seal further a liquid impervious barrier provided on at least a surface intended to be adjacent to the surface of the touchscreen. According to one embodiment, at least a pair of such liquid impervious barriers are provided, one against the surface of the touchscreen and another against a portion of the housing.
Note that in the instant invention, and in contrast to Borucki, the barrier is on a surface of the seal body touching the touchscreen, while in Borucki a pair of membranes are provided on the vertical surfaces of the seal, perpendicular to the touchscreen surface, and do not cover in any significant way the housing end surface nor the touchscreen.
In accordance with yet another aspect of the invention, the seal is formed from an expanded polymer material such as expanded PTFE (poly-tetrafluoroethylene). Such a material is not a foam, and does not contain macroscopic gas filled voids or "cells" characteristic of foam. It does, however, provide a low average mass density of interest to controlling acoustic losses due to the seal. The outer aspect of such material is generally water impermeable. While more costly than many foams, expanded PTFE has improved fire and chemical resistance which may be advantageous in certain circumstances.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention the seal covers the entire predetermined width of the housing end surface and extends beyond same to both sides thereof.
In accordance with yet another aspect of the invention the seal is formed from closed cell, foam, i.e., a foam composed of fully bounded voids, limiting fluid flow therethrough. A high cell-density foam, e.g., having a large number of closed cells per volume, provides a lower potential for fluid accumulation at the surface, while a low density foam generally results in lower acoustic attenuation.
In accordance with yet a further aspect of the invention the seal is secured by a transfer adhesive to the end surface of the housing. This transfer adhesive is provided having a width smaller than a width of the sealing body, and thus adhesive does not generally protrude beyond the limits of the narrower housing end surface. Thus, in contrast to pre-applied contact adhesives on foam strips, which are generally provided on the entire side of a foam seal body, and therefore suffer from a "fly paper" effect for any portion of the foam which extends beyond the element to which it is adhered, a transfer adhesive may be provided with specifically defined locus, and therefore avoid the "fly paper" effect.
In accordance with yet another aspect of the invention, the seal is compressed between the housing end surface and the touchscreen surface, to effect a compression seal and to accommodate mechanical variations in the fit of the touchscreen to the housing and small movements.
Another embodiment of the present invention further involves the method of sealing a space between the touch surface of a surface acoustic wave touchscreen and an edge surface of a bezel of the housing surrounding the touch surface so as to maintain acoustic absorption within acceptable limits, e.g., preferably less than about 6 dB attenuation; wherein the seal may be fabricated from a tape of high cell density, closed cell, foam and carries on respective face surfaces thereof liquid impervious membrane barriers such that when the seal is disposed between the touch surface and the bezel (housing) edge surface one membrane covered surface is disposed against the touchscreen touch surface and the other membrane surface is disposed against the bezel edge surface.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the seal acoustic attenuation need not be negligible, and indeed may be quite significant, due to the use of a controller and sensor arrangement which compensates for the attenuation of the seal, and/or ignores any time-variant change in the acoustic attenuation of the seal which would otherwise produce artifacts. Thus, an adaptive controller may be used to compensate for significant acoustic attenuation.
It is another object according to the present invention to provide inherent rejection of seal-compression induced touch artifacts by limiting a range of an acoustic reflective array to within a bound of an open window or aperture of a display bezel.
It is a still further object according to the present invention to provide electronic rejection of seal-compression induced touch artifacts by providing an electronic window for blocking analysis of acoustic wave attenuation in proximity to the seal.
It is a yet another object according to the present invention to provide a self-calibrating controller with a sealed touchscreen bezel to filter artifacts due to seal surface acoustic wave attenuation.
Other objects, features and advantages of the invention in its details of construction and arrangement of parts will be seen from the above and from the following description of the preferred embodiment when considered with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a surface acoustic wave touchscreen incorporating the instant invention, cut away in part to better show details thereof;
FIG. 2 is a vertical section through an edge of the touchscreen upper housing and touch surface of the touchscreen of FIG. 1 enlarged to better show details thereof;
FIG. 3 is a bottom plan view of the upper housing showing application of the seal thereto;
FIG. 4 is a vertical view of an edge of the upper housing and the seal of FIG. 3 as applied thereto;
FIG. 5 is a vertical view of the invention showing standing liquid against the seal;
FIG. 6 is a vertical view of the seal of Borucki under the circumstances of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a vertical view of the invention showing the advantages over Borucki;
FIG. 8 is an illustration of puddle trap formation in Borucki; and
FIG. 9 illustrates how the instant invention avoids puddle formation.
With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 there is generally shown at 20 a surface acoustic wave (SAW) touchscreen including an upper portion 22 of a monitor housing assembly 24 and a glass touchscreen 30 having a touchscreen surface 32. Surface acoustic wave electronic and transducer components 50 (FIG. 2) of conventional construction are housed within housing assembly 24 and coact with touchscreen 30 to generate and receive surface acoustic waves in a conventional manner and which coact in a conventional manner so that the touchscreen may function, for example, as a computer or control input device.
Upper housing 22 of housing assembly 24 is preferably fabricated from molded plastic and is conventionally secured in place as a part of housing assembly 24. Upper housing 22 includes an upper wall 60 (FIGS. 1-3) surrounded by a peripheral sidewall 62. An inner bezel 64 extends inwardly and downwardly from upper wall 60 to terminate at an inner circumferential edge 66, with an edge end or bottom surface 67 and that defines an open window 68. An inner rib 70 extends down from an inner surface 72 of upper wall 60 to terminate at an edge 74 sized and disposed to rest upon a ledge 76 (FIGS. 1 and 2) suitably mounted within housing assembly 24. Inner rib 70, upper wall 60 and an inner surface 63 of bezel 64 surround and define an inner space 80 (FIGS. 1 and 2) within and under upper housing 22.
When upper housing 22 is secured in position on ledge 76, by conventional means such as threaded members (not shown) or the like, edge 66 of bezel 64 is drawn towards upper surface 32 of screen 30 and would, when finally positioned and because of the length of rib 70, leave a space 90 (FIG. 2) between bottom surface 67 of edge 66 of bezel 64 and upper surface 32 of screen 30. A seal 100 is, however, provided for space 90.
As noted in Borucki, it is not necessary to provide a liquid impervious barrier on all faces of a sealing body. Borucki proposes that the seal surfaces which are substantially open to liquid contact include a smooth sealing barrier. However, in order to minimize acoustic attenuation, the seal surface in contact with the acoustic touchscreen should have an open cell face.
In contrast, the present inventors have shown that the open edges of the seal body need not be smooth, and further that a seal surface in contact with the acoustic touchscreen need not be acoustically transparent and may in fact have a smooth, acoustically absorbing surface which limits fluid accumulation.
Where a foam material is employed, the bulk of the foam should be liquid impervious, e.g., bulk fluid transfer through the seal should be substantially blocked. Preferably at least one surface of the elongated seal body is composed of a membrane or skin surface that is liquid impervious, which may be integral with the foam material, and this surface preferably seals against the acoustic touchscreen. As used herein, the term "liquid impervious" means that water and similar liquids, such as milk, juice and other water-based fluids will not pass through the seal in their acoustically absorptive liquid state. The sealing body, however, may pass vapor and/or gasses without affecting acoustic performance and without allowing liquids to damage protected components. The liquid impermeable skin or membrane can be of the same material as the closed cell foam body and preferably is formed as an integral part of the foam body, which may be done during the manufacture of the foam by molding or extruding or heat treatment, or may be formed as a laminate of the same or a different material. The thickness of the membrane is not critical as long as it is liquid impervious and does not cause excessive attenuation of the SAW signal. Typical skin thickness of suitable sealing materials are estimated to be thin, e.g., significantly smaller than a Rayleigh wavelength, e.g., less than about 0.025 inch.
Flexible plastic foams envisioned include polyurethane, rubber, latex, polyethylene and vinyl polymers. Such foam is commercially available in sheets or rolls having an integral membrane or skin surface, e.g., on top and bottom surfaces. When forming such foams as sealing bodies, an open cell membrane edge may result from cutting through a sheet of foam with a knife, razor blade or other sharp instrument. Thus, the portion of the foam body along the cut will have an open cell surface. According to the present invention, this open cell surface is not required, but if present, may be provided as a free edge of the sealing body, protruding from between the touchscreen surface and the housing edge.
For gasketing materials such as expanded PTFE, for which there are no "cells", a membrane skin is not needed to provide a smooth water impervious surface.
A preferred material for the seal of the instant invention is of Volara 2AF manufactured by Voltek Division of Sekisui America Corp. of Lawrence, Mass. The foam is manufactured to contain a large number of small void cells per volume. Volara 2AF is radiation cross linked, hence reducing the mass density required to obtain mechanical performance of comparable non radiation cross-linked polyethylene foams.
According to another aspect of the invention, a laminate or composite seal structure is provided, e.g., with only the portion of the sealing body which acoustically interacts with the surface of the touchscreen provided as a low acoustic attenuation material, and therefore other portions of the seal body may be optimized for, e.g., shock absorption, resiliency or to accommodate variable sized spaced between the housing and the touchscreen surface. For example, a laminated contact layer with the acoustic touchscreen may include a water impervious layer 106 of material which has low acoustic attenuation properties backed by a resilient, more acoustically absorptive material 102 (FIG. 4).
Seal 100 is applied to bottom surface 67 of edge 66 of upper housing 22 by first placing housing 22 bottom side up as shown in FIG. 3. A strip of a suitable transfer adhesive 110 (FIGS. 2, 3 and 4) is first applied to the full length of bottom surface 67 of edge 66 of bezel 64.
The transfer adhesive may also be offset so that no adhesive is exposed in the finished product. This provides a cosmetically attractive seal without restriction on the color of the transfer adhesive, which for example is 3M 4920, a white transfer adhesive available from 3M Company. This also avoids a sticky or tacky feel to the product when a user's finger touches the seal. It also avoids a flypaper effect which would otherwise collect and retain dirt in the region of the seal. The inventors have demonstrated, with NSTA standard drop testing, that such an off-set transfer adhesive reliably holds the foam in place. Thus, the transfer adhesive is applied to almost the full predetermined width of the housing end surface, except for a relatively thin path, 112, proximate an inner surface of the end surface along the entire length of bottom surface 67 of edge 66 of bezel 64. Thin, uncovered path 112 is of a defined width "x" (FIG. 4) which may be up to 1/32 of an inch wide and also extends completely around bottom surface 67 of edge 66 of bezel 64 along inner surface 63 of bezel edge 66.
The width "w" (FIG. 4) of seal 100 is selected so that it provides an overhang 120 extending out from surface 63 of bezel 64 into space 80, under upper housing 22 and an overhang 122 extending out from an outer surface 123 of edge 66.
When applying seal 100 against transfer adhesive 110, it is preferable to start proximate an upper corner 130 or 132 of bezel edge 66 and with a straight edge 134 for seal 100. Seal 100 is thereafter applied to transfer adhesive 110 around the entire circumference of bezel edge 66 (only partially shown in FIG. 3) until seal 100 is again cut straight and fitted against edge 134 of strip 100. When so applying seal 100, special attention is given as each corner is turned so as not to stretch or pull seal 100. The seal 100 includes a water impervious layer 104 laminated on absorptive material 102, the layer 104 being in contact with the transfer adhesive.
After seal 100 has been so applied to bezel edge 66 of upper housing 22 the upper housing is turned over and secured to ledge 76 as described above. The thickness of seal 100 is preferably selected so that it not only fills all of space 90 but also so that seal 100 may be compressed nominally by 50% with actual compression sometimes varying greatly, e.g., in the range of 20% to 80% This acceptable range of compression enables the invention to provide a successful seal even when it is difficult to maintain tight mechanical tolerances for the gap between the bezel edge 66 and the upper surface 32 of the touchscreen 30. The seal body material is therefore selected such that under the acceptable range of application, the acoustic absorption properties of the material are appropriate. Preferably, under worst case, e.g., 80% compression, the seal body attenuates the surface acoustic wave by no more than about 12 dB, with an average attenuation, e.g., at 50% compression, of no more than about 6 dB, and with effective sealing when subjected to minimum compression, e.g., 20% compression. More preferably, maximum attenuation is limited to about 6 dB. It is noted that the normal touch acoustic wave attenuation threshold of an acoustic touchscreen is a fraction of a dB, and therefore the present design allows acoustic attenuation by the seal significantly in excess of this threshold, in addition to suppression of artifacts associated with such a seal. Thus, the present invention provides greater flexibility in the selection of sealing materials as compared with the prior art.
When disposed adjacent the housing upper surface 32 of the touchscreen 30, the seal 100 will thus be effective to prevent infiltration of fluids into housing assembly 24 while allowing effective operation of the touchscreen system.
FIG. 5 is a vertical view of the seal according to the present invention showing standing liquid against the seal. Note that liquid impervious membranes are provided on the horizontal surface of the seal with the vertical surfaces of the seal having open cells facing the standing water. FIG. 5 shows a schematic of the instant invention where a closed cell sealing body is provided having sealed surfaces opposed to the touchscreen glass surface and the adhesive/housing end and open cut surfaces facing the window made by the housing disposed proximate to the touchscreen. Shown thereon is standing liquid against the open cell surface of the foam seal. Due to the nature of the manufacture of the foam seal, with integral membrane surface, liquid does not flow due to capillary action between the ordinary density volume of the seal and the membrane. Liquid only penetrates minimally beyond the interval beyond open cell surfaces (shown vertically) facing the standing liquid. Wetting on this facing surface is weakly coupled to acoustic waves and dries quickly because it is exposed, as shown in FIG. 7.
FIG. 6 is a vertical view of the Borucki seal method under the circumstances of FIG. 5. Note that the vertically placed membrane avoids sponge absorption of liquid at that surface, but since the seal-touchscreen interface has no membrane covering the foam of the seal, any water that leaks or flows into the interface enters the open cells there. Due to lack of air exposure, liquids in this potential space require extended periods to dry and can affect acoustic properties at the touchscreen-seal interface for long periods of time. In particular, the coupling of acoustic waves to liquids is influenced by the distance to the touchscreen surface. By providing a high surface area member directly adjacent to the touchscreen surface, a quantity of liquid may be held in close proximity to the surface.
In contrast, as shown in FIG. 7 of the present invention, where fluids do accumulate on the vertical cut cell surface, only a small portion is in close proximity to the touchscreen surface, the remainder being distant and therefore having little effect on the acoustic wave.
FIG. 7 is a vertical view of the invention showing its advantages over Borucki. Due to the membrane at the touchscreen-facing side of the seal, no water can reach an open cell and thus very little, if any, water can penetrate. Any water within the gap between the touchscreen and the seal is subjected to compression, which tends to eject it, thus limiting accumulation and facilitating drying. Wetting on the vertical surface is weakly coupled to acoustic waves and dries quickly because it is exposed to air.
In FIG. 5, capillary action, given sufficient time, e.g., hours, can transport liquid along the interface between the foam and touchscreen surface 32. This makes it desirable to avoid puddle formation after a system is subjected to a splash of liquid. Seeping fluids, particularly if they are chemically corrosive ingredients such as glass cleaning fluids, can damage acoustic and electronic components inside the housing.
FIG. 8 is an illustration of the puddle trap formation inherent in the Borucki channel method of overhanging housing (i.e., void internal to the edge of the housing).
FIG. 9 illustrates how the instant invention avoids puddle trap formation by not having a housing edge surface beyond the seal (i.e., the housing does not overhang the seal). In fact, according to the present invention, the seal body may be visible or protrude within the inner edge of the housing window
The seal body may be provided in a configuration wider than the lip/edge lateral dimension of the bezel of the housing, which, e.g., may keep the foam seal in place in case of trauma or vibration. Additionally, this would assist in preventing cavities between the bezel and the glass.
The inventors have observed reliable touchscreen operation even in cases where the seal absorbs 6 dB of signal or more, whereas a touch threshold is typically a fraction of a dB. Reliable operation of the touchscreen with an acoustically absorptive seal may be achieved by an adaptive touchscreen controller which captures a reference signal and compares new readings to the reference signal, rather than relying on an absolute and invariant touch threshold. Thus, the sealing material and configuration thereof need not be selected primarily based on sub-threshold acoustic attenuation, and therefore may be selected based on other advantageous properties, such as resiliency, environmental properties, chemical, thermal and UV resistance, and flammability. Thus, the static properties of the seal may be compensated.
Because a large mechanical force on the bezel can modulate the compression of the seal and hence its acoustic absorption, and because the absorption of the acoustic signal from the seal body is typically larger than the touch threshold, such a change in absorption of the seal or pressure can generate a "false touch". An algorithm may therefore be provided in the controller which eliminates x and y "touch" coordinates outside of the window, that is, slightly inside the bezel edge coordinates, which is useful in eliminating false touch effects of seal compression. Further, in order to provide an inherent rejection of attenuation modulation outside this window, touchscreens with shortened reflective arrays, which reduce the ranges of X and Y sensitive to touch may be employed. This provides a convenient means to force the algorithm to ignore touch coordinates outside the desired windows without any customization of the controller's firmware. This also allows simplified firmware in the controller to provide self calibration functions, e.g., to determine the size of the touch sensitive window and operate accordingly.
From the above description it will thus be seen that there has been provided an effective liquid seal between the housing and touch surface of a SAW touchscreen without detrimentally affecting the performance of the touchscreen.
It is understood that although there has been described the preferred embodiment of the invention that various modifications may be made in the construction and fabrication thereof without departing from the spirit as comprehended by the following claims.
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Sustainable Travel
About Green Globe Travel
All listed hotels, conference centers, attractions or businesses are either certified against the Green Globe Standard or working towards the certification. The Green Globe Standard consists of 41 criteria and 337 indicators. Each certified Green Globe member is independently audited by a third-party on-site. Annual re-certification is mandatory. Read more
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Scandic Hotel Emporio Hamburg
The Scandic Hamburg Emporio merges environmental, economic and social aspects in the company's philosophy and helps to grasp sustainability in its original meaning.
Schloss Hohenkammer
In 1042, the Lords of Camer gave this place "Hohencamer" their name and erected a castle here.
Sea-U Guesthouse
As a pampered guest at Sea-U Guest House hotel you will enjoy the lush gardens high atop our hill. Hammocks strung lazily between coconut
Sedona Hotel Mandalay
Nestled on four acres of landscaped gardens, Sedona Hotel Mandalay is ideally located in the heart of the city and faces the majestic Royal
Sedona Hotel Yangon
Sitting majestically on eight acres of beautifully landscaped gardens, Sedona Hotel Yangon is 15-minute drive away from the international airport and the bustling city
Serlima Wash
A actividade da Serlima Wash consiste na lavagem e tratamento de roupa de banho, alojamento e restauração, fardamento e limpeza a seco, utilizando as
Sheraton Hua Hin Resort and Spa
Hua Hin is located 200 kilometers south of Bangkok, only a 2.5-hour drive from the city. Known as the preferred destination for families, honeymooners,
Sir Albert Hotel
Sir Albert is located next to the Museum Square, facing the Rijks Museum and within walking distance of the Leidse Square and the famous
Skal International
Skål members will deliver world-class cultural and leisure experiences, while preserving and sharing clean, safe and natural environments. Skål Organization and members will be
Sofitel Berlin Kurfürstendamm
Sofitel Berlin Kurfürstendamm, formerly Hotel Concorde Berlin, offers 5-star accommodation with a touch of French luxury in Charlottenburg, Berlin City West.
Sofitel Dubai The Palm Resort & Spa
"Breathe natural island chic in refined interiors flowing with turquoise, blue and green fabrics, a living wall, colorful flowers. Serene, low-rise buildings and villas
Song Saa Island Resort
In the sapphire waters of the Gulf of Thailand, Cambodia's islands nestle like dazzling natural jewels. Song Saa Private Island lies secluded in this

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Tropical Garden Ideas for Corpus Christi
My friends backyard needs tropical interest. Her husband is interested in growing pepper plants and she would like to incorporate his hobby into her tropical, hacienda-like dream of a garden. What combinations of plants would work in this setting? This area gets full sun and faces east. She hates oleanders, so don't go there.
Also Yellow Bells/Esperanza (Tecoma stans) will flower like there' no tomorrow;
Jerusalem thorn (Parkinsonia aculeata);
Gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides), any cultivar;
Queen Palm (Syagrus romanzioffianum)
Mexican Orange (Choisya ternata)
Kumquat (Fortunella spp.)
Texas Palmetto or Cabbage Palm, Saw Palmetto, Needle Palm
ALthough deciduous, I'd add a crapemyrtle for bonus bright floral color in the heat of summer
Lots of possibilities that I"m sure others could add on to this growing list.
What is your soil like? Do you know it's pH?


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Django Unchained
From Library Staff
Jamie Foxx, Christoph Waltz, Leonardo DiCaprio
From the critics
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For all the hubbub about the violence in DJANGO UNCHAINED, I found it less extreme than INGLOURIOUS BASTERDS. But as Thomas Frank pointed out, that movie was about Jews killing Nazis and therefore acceptable. The only thing distinctive about the violence in DJANGO is the amount of blood which flows profusely like so many burst jars of spaghetti sauce. The power of the movie is not in its pulpy gore but in its timely depiction of the slavocracy. We are all slaves now, governed by a Dixiecrat Congress at the behest of bankers and corporate captains of industry. That's why DJANGO is a perfect accompaniment to Spielberg's LINCOLN. The performances of Christoph Waltz and Leonardio DiCaprio are inspired, as is Samuel L. Jackson's. My only criticism of the movie is that at two hours and 45 minutes it's too long. Once Waltz and DiCaprio disappear from the screen in the last half hour, DJANGO really starts to fall apart; that, and the film descends into outright farce. But all in all it's rollicking entertainment which accomplishes the amazing feat of capturing the perverse brutality of slavery (in particular with the mandingo fighting sub-plot) while plucking an intuitive chord of connection with our contemporary social-political predicament (UFC entertainment for the underemployed masses; plantation-owner-type wealth for the 1%).
Very entertaining. Tarantino at his best!
A little lengthy but all the Tatantino ultra-violence set in Old-West & 1850's Plantations. All-in-all a pretty cool flick!
Samuel Jackson was excellent in his role as an Uncle Tom. The malice and treachery he showed was incredible when he really should've been more sympathetic and compassionate, but that just goes to show that people care more about what they can gain than helping those who are their race.
Django was this poor soul in the beginning but he was ruthless in the end. Slavery was and will always be an evil that man has perpetrated against each other for financial gain, and the end result has been hatred between the races, sad to say, towards those who didn't have anything to do with it.
I didn't like all the blood and gore in this movie. That really wasn't necessary because you could tell that a lot of it looked like Kool-aid that someone poured all over the place.
Typical Tarantino - which means uneven. Beautifully shot, he includes most of the western tropes and some familiar faces in cameos. Some of the characters are wonderfully written, some just sketched out. Loads of anachronisms which may be there on purpose, I don't always know what kind of point he's trying to make. The violence is over the top, far beyond what was required for the story, and I found it unpalatable. One of the key relationships in the film (Django and King) is wonderfully written, one of the others (Django and Hilde) is quite vague. The three principal actors do fabulous work, altho DiCaprio is practically grinning as he chews the scenery. Kerry Washington is wasted: her role was substantially underwritten and all she has to do is either stand there looking pretty or reacting in horror.
A great film , a homage to Westerns. Director Tarantino did a great job. Loved the Photography of the film, i felt like u'r were in 1858.
I liked parts of this movie. A bonus point awarded because I had the theme music stuck in my head for about three months.
I appreciated the style more than the content. That is, I enjoyed the cinematography and some the light humor throughout the film. Unfortunately, the end was anticlimactic; the demise of Django's foes comes all too quickly and easily.
Tarantino unfortunately sets a high bar for his movies. Django fell short. The editing felt sloppy, the camera lingering on scenes too long, making explicit things that would have been more powerful implied or left to the reader's imagination. For example, in one scene, a cruel slave trader is left injured and surrounded by his slaves. Rather than show them glaring at the trader as he starts to beg and bargain in panic and move on, Tarantino stays until you see what happens, and it is not as good as what I would have imagined. This happens a few times. The soundtrack, usually a powerful component, feels clumsy. And finally, women are reduced to cliches -- the beautiful (but helpless) object of love and the reason for the quest (Kerry Washington) never seems fully realized, for example. Disappointing coming from the director who gave us "Kill Bill" and "Foxy Brown."
But even with all these flaws, a Tarantino movie is still thought provoking, surprising, and cinematic. He draws powerful parallels between bounty hunting and slavery, and no character escapes moral compromise. With some hilarious moments, such as the KKK complaining about how hard it is to see under their prototypical hoods.
As always with Taratino, lots of gore, but there is also a bit of wit. Although not much social commentary.
AgeAdd Age Suitability
21221018758802 thinks this title is suitable for 18 years and over
lilmisslibrary thinks this title is suitable for 18 years and over
re_discover thinks this title is suitable for 14 years and over
QuotesAdd a Quote
Big Daddy (putting his bag/mask on): "Damn! I can't see f**king sh*t out of this thing!"
Bettina: "Yes sir Big Daddy...as you please Big Daddy..."
Django: "I like the way you die, boy!"
NoticesAdd a Notice
Frightening or Intense Scenes: Blood, blood, blood! Be careful if you are squeamish.
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Make this your new go-to for when you want to make an entrance. Plus size top features a one-shoulder neckline that leads to a batwing style sleeve and is finished with an allover abstract striped pattern print and smocked hemline.Imported
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A new and improved pivotally angled V-block work holding instrument that embodies the varied uses of the present invention is herein introduced. It provides a holding device to enable the support of a workpiece for machine tooling comprised of a base block having a rectangular flat bottom surface, two upright inverted W's positioned laterally and symmetrically, and two pivoting panels attached between them at the apex of each point by a hexagonal screw. The general purpose of the pivoting heads is to enable independent adjustability of varying angles. This provides greater choice of applications for supporting a variety of angled objects.
1. A device for the holding of a work piece, comprising:
a base block, having a flat surface for a base, said base comprising the shape of a rectangle;
an opposite upper portion comprising two parallel ridges, each in the shape of an inverted W;
said ridges extending from one edge to the opposite edge of said base block;
each said ridge possessing two thru apertures, located near the apexes of the W;
said ridges separated by a thru channel of constant width along the entire length of said block;
further comprising two upper swivel heads;
each swivel head possessing a flat upper surface and a lower side in the shape of a solid V;
said lower side being sufficiently thin to pass into the thru channel of said base block;
each said swivel head possessing a thru aperture near the apex of the V;
each said swivel head being pivotably connected to the base by means of a smooth-surface bolt passing thru one side of an aperture in one ridge of the base, and further thru the aperture in said swivel head, and further thru the aperture in the opposite ridge, said bolt providing an axle around which said swivel head can rotate.
2. A device for the holding of a workpiece, comprising:
a base block, having a flat surface for a base and an upper portion containing at least one V-groove formed therein;
at least two smaller swivel heads, said swivel heads each comprising a flat upper surface;
wherein said swivel heads are pivotably connected to the base block in an opposable fashion on either side of the V-groove; wherein
said swivel heads are independently adjustable to form a surface of variable angles up to greater than 180 degrees, and,
wherein said swivel heads can be disposed so as to form a cooperative surface for holding a work piece.
3. The device of
4. The device of
5. The device of
6. The device of
7. The device of
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to the field of machine tool holding V-blocks, and more particularly to independently self-adjustable, pivoted V-grooved blocks.
2. Description of Related Art
Prior art has developed various designs in V-block fixtures, which can be easily constructed and manufactured. Previous embodiments for clamping and/or supporting an angled, cylindrical or block-shaped workpiece disclose unique, yet limiting, methods for the securing and machining of a said workpiece in the appropriate pre-determined size.
Descriptions of typical prior art devices for clamping and holding workpieces during machining operations are found in the following: U.S. Pat. No. 4,854,568 includes a pair of identical heptagonal blocks having a plurality of planar angled side panels for orienting cylindrical work pieces at predetermined angular degrees; U.S. Pat. No. 5,193,791 involves a three point parallel holding device which integrates a circular internal bore to secure irregularly shaped workpieces against the jaws of a vice. Another previously introduced invention relative to that which is described in the present embodiment is U.S. Pat. No. 6,237,907 which utilizes dual jawed adjustable workpiece holders and a pre-determined calculation of the angles at which the device must be adjusted to achieve an accurate machining at the necessary points.
A major shortcoming of these previous embodiments is that they typically do not allow for the adjustability of the device in the purpose of holding work pieces of different measurements, shapes, or specifications. Often they have different non-adjustable locations for the holding of different shapes and sizes of work pieces. Given the wide variation in size and exterior shape of potential work pieces, this lack of adjustability is a serious limitation to existing technology.
The present invention is best described as a freely adjustable holding device for the purpose of holding materials to be machined or otherwise worked on.
It is an object of the present invention to allow adjustability in the overall design so that it may form surfaces of variable angles, both acute and obtuse, including those greater than 180 degrees, for the purpose of supporting a workpiece. This machining device may be constructed from high-grade steel, heavy-duty plastics, hard woods, or other such durable materials or combinations thereof.
A rectangular base supports two separate upright inverted W's that run parallel to each other along the longer edges of the rectangular base. A channel of constant width runs laterally between the two opposing vertically positioned W's. Four holes located at the apex of each peak are used as insertion points for two hexagonal screws with smooth cylindrical shafts. These shafts provide a sufficient axle for the rotation of the pivoting panels to which they are attached from a through aperture extending from a ridge at the bottom of each panel. The extending portions of the separated pivotal panels are thin enough to slip between the lateral channel, and swivel easily when attached between the two vertical walls by the cylindrical shafts. Each panel is therefore allowed movement independent of the other. This provides the invention of the device, in that it supports a work piece at a variety of predetermined angular orientations during a machining operation.
The purpose and operation of the invention will be better understood when consideration is given to the following detailed description thereof. Such description makes reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:
With respect to the above description, it is to be realized that the optimum dimensional relationships for the parts of the invention, to include variations in size, shape, assembly and use, are deemed to be readily apparent, and all equivalent relationships to those illustrated in the drawings and described in the specifications are intended to be encompassed by the present invention. Furthermore, the invention may be comprised of a variety of hard materials of construction, including but not limited to metal, wood, and hard plastic or other synthetic material.
Various objects, features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention, along with the accompanying drawings in which like numerals represent like components.
The current invention is a new and improved pivotally angled V-block work holding instrument that embodies the varied uses of the present invention is herein introduced. It is an object of the present invention to provide a holding device to enable the support of a work piece for machine tooling comprised of a base block having a rectangular flat bottom surface, two upright inverted W's positioned laterally and symmetrically, and two pivoting swivel heads attached between them at the apex of each point by a hexagonal screw. Each separate swivel has a lower portion thinly extending in a solid V-shape from the bottom center of each panel which includes a thru aperture located near the apex of said V. The two flat swivel heads are positioned at opposite ends on the upper surface of the present embodiment, and each are pivotally connected by a screw to the side panels of the base block on either side at each apex of the inverted W. The general purpose of the pivoting heads is to enable independent adjustability of varying angles. This provides greater choice of applications for supporting a variety of angled objects.
The utility of the current invention is to position work pieces of various shapes and sizes so that they can be worked on, typically by a machinist, using tools such as a saw or drill, or other cutting, polishing, or work piece modifying devices. The current invention holds the work piece solely due to the weight of the work piece itself. However, clamps, vices, or other attachment means can be used to secure the device, if gravity alone is insufficient.
Note that the shape of the work piece is not critical, as the versatility of the current invention will adapt to virtually any work piece that is not too large or small for the swivel heads of the current invention. (Of course, the current invention can be produced in a range of sizes to handle larger or smaller work pieces.) The swivel heads can adapt to hold straight-edged, curved edge, convex or concave work pieces.
The current invention will be further described in terms of the accompanying figures.
Also shown in this view are the rotatable head blocks 20, 22. Letters α, β and γ with arrows demonstrate the angles involved in the swiveling action of the panels from inward to outward positions. Letter a depicts the closed-form, 90 degree angle formed by the head blocks when in closed position, in the embodiment depicted. A hypothetical dashed view depicts both head blocks pivoted to a level position, where the angle γ formed is a horizontal 180 degrees. When in the most open position, in the embodiment depicted, the head blocks actually form an angle of 270 degrees, as required by the fixed 45 degree angle of β, which marks the upward slope of the inverted W side panels.
It should be noted that the head blocks are limited in their rotation by the angles of α and β, as depicted in
Two shoulder bolts 30, 32 are threaded at the ends yet smooth in the center to provide a smooth axis for the swiveling action of the two swivel heads, which will be attached by these between each apex. Bolt 30 passes through an aperture near apex 11, and is screwably engaged in a threaded aperture near apex 13. Similarly, bolt 32 passes through an aperture near apex 15, and is screwably engaged in a threaded aperture near apex 17. By this means, each pivoting head is allowed independent movement for the enabling of a variety of machining angles or specifications of a particular workpiece.
It can be seen in this view that the opposing edges 24, 26 of the swivel heads are not flush�ie, not at 90 degrees to the top surface of the swivel head�but in fact are beveled. This feature allows the head to contact and form a smooth receiving surface when in closed position, as shown back in
The swivel heads can be linked, such that they move in coordinated fashion. In the preferred embodiment depicted, the two swivel heads can pivot independently. This provides more flexibility, and simpler construction.
The foregoing is to be considered as illustrative in purpose only. Furthermore, as various modifications and changes may arise in design relative to those aforementioned, it should be noted that this description is not designed to limit the scope of the invention to the exact model and operation as that which is shown and described, and accordingly, all other modifications and similarities may be allowed which fall within the embodiment of the present invention.
Patent Citations
Referenced by
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Fine as Wine..
Sweet as Honey!!! ;)
Sweet as Honey!!! ;)
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Link up your social media account to automatically promote the positions at ClearSwift.
Get a job alert every time ClearSwift posts a job.
Job description The Role The Head of Regional Marketing US is responsible for: Positioning and presenting Clearswift to their target audiences (customer and partner) in their region Being an active spokesperson for the region Planning and executing marketing activities that3/16/2015 Chicago, IL Save This Job
Job description Our engine team is responsible for the creation and maintenance of Clearswift?s Content Inspection and Policy Enforcement technology. This technology encompasses such facilities as true file type identification, Textual Analysis including document redaction and3/16/2015 Chicago, IL Save This Job


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The School of Biological Sciences is an integrated community researching and teaching biology, and has a long history of innovation.
Our foundations are collaborative clusters in Biodiversity and Ecology, Marine Biology and Aquaculture (including the Lincoln Marine Science Centre), and Molecular Biology and Biotechnology.
Flinders research projects that hold the promise of improvements to crime scene forensics and longer life for fibreglass pipes have won funding of $60,000 from the State Government.


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With 69.4 percent of housing affordable at median family income, Columbus tied for the No. 10 spot.
Columbus 2020 is the economic development organization representing the 11-county Columbus Region, an area ranked as a top location for business.
Columbus 2020 works in collaboration with state and local partners to offer comprehensive services to companies evaluating the area. Our team leverages the strengths of the Columbus Region's talented workforce, small and large businesses, research and academic institutions, logistics infrastructure and international connections to ignite economic growth and build a healthier, more sustainable future for Central Ohio.
150 S. Front St., Suite 200 | Columbus, OH 43215
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Amandla Stenberg Directed a Film and It's Pretty Awesome
Rue is alive and well and making movies! Amandla Stenberg shot, directed and edited this tiny masterpiece based on The Yellow Wallpaper, and it's pretty great. Not only because Stenberg is reading the classics, but because she's so ambitious in her aspirations. What were you doing at 15? (I was eating paste.) »
Amandla Stenberg -- Hunger Games' Rue! -- Joins Sleepy Hollow
Do you watch Sleepy Hollow? Great, neither do I. But I might now. Seeing as an absolute gem of a young actress — Amandla Stenberg, who played Rue in The Hunger Games' and made me cry forever when she died COME BACK RUE I WAS ALWAYS ROOTING FOR YOU — is joining the cast. »
The Kids' Choice Awards Red Carpet Is the Most Fun Red Carpet of the…
The Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards — which held its 26th annual event yesterday in Los Angeles — has got to be the most enjoyable awards show ever. From the bright, youthful clothes to the slime, celebrities actually look like they're having fun. Kristen Stewart smiles. It's that awesome. You cannot look at these… »
Adorable Stars and Weird Shoes at the Teen Vogue Young Hollywood Party
Last night in Beverly Hills, young Hollywood stars gathered together for the 10th annual Teen Vogue Young Hollywood party. Fashion-wise, there were party dresses, weird shoes, and blazers both good and bad. »
The Heartbreaker Who Inspired Adele to Write 21 Has Finally Been…
Ever since Adele became a megastar with her alternately catchy and tear-inducing album 21, we've been trying to identify the man that broke her heart and spurred her to write such excellent fodder for our own weep-fests. At first, we suspected it might be a gentleman named Slinky Sunbeam, but now it turns out to be… »


text: 1 available shade Extreme Black Try it on Oversized volume building brush easily creates soft to dramatic looks 1. Supersized brush makes it easy to build a soft to dramatic look. 2.. Visible progressive volume up to 12X. 3. Lash building formula for highly defined lashes. Buy now from one of our retailers.Select Shade - Buy Now0 - Extreme Black ShareLike, Tweet, Pin & Blog! 1 bvseo-184.108.40.206-beta bvseo-p bvseo-CLOUD bvseo-ms bvseo-REVIEWS bvseo-PRODUCT bvseo-getContent bvseo-msg: HTTP status code of 403 was returned You might also like EyesScandaleyes XX-tremeLashes stretched to their max! EyesWonder'full Mascara with Argan Oil Extreme BlackThe secret weapon to full, perfectly smooth, clump-free lashes. EyesWonder'full Mascara with Argan Oil The secret weapon to full, perfectly smooth, clump-free lashes. EyesKATE MascaraKate Mascara – The first Eye Collection created by Kate Moss More products Related tutorials Get the XX-TREME Look Xmas Bow Nails Gold Graphic Look Halloween Makeup Tutorial - Victorian Gothic More tutorials


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StartUpHire is the place to find Business Analyst (Solutions) jobs. Review the list of Business Analyst (Solutions) career opportunities to the left. These Business Analyst (Solutions) jobs represent some of the most rewarding careers available.
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San Bruno, CA Client Services Job Description Business Analyst Nomis is looking for the best Business Analyst in Silicon Valley. While we aim high, you aim even higher. You will be responsible for defining business requirements, designing the right solution working with our2/15/2015 San Bruno, CA Save This Job
Alert Logic sits at the nexus of two big trends in IT: the adoption of cloud technologies, and an escalation in security and compliance requirements driven by an increasingly connected world. More than half of the largest managed hosting cloud service providers currently use2/11/2015 Houston, TX Save This Job
City: / State: Washington DC or Brookfield, WI Company Overview Connecture is the leading provider of Web-based information systems used to create health insurance marketplaces and exchanges. Its industry-proven solutions2/11/2015 Washington, DC Save This Job
Company Overview Connecture is the leading provider of Web-based information systems used to create health insurance marketplaces and exchanges. Its industry-proven solutions enable consumers, employers and brokers to more easily shop for, purchase and renew health insurance2/11/2015 Washington, DC Save This Job
City: Farmington / State: CT Company Overview Connecture is the leading provider of Web-based information systems used to create health insurance marketplaces and exchanges. Its industry-proven solutions enable consumers,2/11/2015 Farmington, CT Save This Job
Summary: A Senior Business Analyst with heavy Operation experience in a networking company preferred. You?ll be wearing many hats. Business Analyst, Project Manager, Documentation, Training, etc? You won?t get bored here and you?ll get the satisfaction of reduced red tape.3/9/2015 Sunnyvale, CA Save This Job
More information about this job: Overview: Aerohive Networks reduces the cost and complexity of today's networks with cloud-enabled Wi-Fi and routing solutions for medium and large enterprise headquarters, branch offices and teleworkers. Aerohive?s award-winning cooperative2/25/2015 Sunnyvale, CA Save This Job
Summary MTech, a division of Newmarket is seeking a Business Analyst to join the team in Miami Florida. The Business Analyst role is focused on HotSOS and PM product lines. The Business Analyst will work closely with the HotSOS and PM teams to analyze, prioritize, and provide1/26/2015 Miami, FL Save This Job
Innovative, detail-oriented, and strategically minded? Business Analysts are part of our Product Management team and help envision the future and make those visions reality by understanding customer needs, staying close to industry trends, and shepherding products through the3/20/2015 East Lansing, MI Save This Job
Requisition Number15-0023 Post Date2/10/2015 TitleIT Integration Business Analyst CityAlpharetta, GA DescriptionIT Integration Business Analyst HRMS Location: Alpharetta, GA Qualified candidate will have experience managing all aspects of the project development life cycle3/2/2015 Alpharetta, GA Save This Job
equisition Number15-0023 Post Date2/10/2015 TitleIT Integration Business Analyst CityAlpharetta, GA DescriptionIT Integration Business Analyst HRMS Location: Alpharetta, GA Qualified candidate will have experience managing all aspects of the project development life cycle3/2/2015 Alpharetta, GA Save This Job
Join a high performing and rapidly growing team Valen Analytics is a rapidly expanding advanced data and predictive analytics company headquartered in downtown Denver. Valen?s state-of-the-art analytics and predictive modeling products are built on Valen?s unique industry-wide2/18/2015 Denver, CO Save This Job
Description Senior Business Analyst The Business Analyst is the individual who will have primary responsibility to effect, analyze, validate, manage, specify and verify the exact needs of the project stakeholders, customers and end users. The BA will serve as a conduit between1/26/2015 Exton, PA Save This Job
About Bullhorn We build applications that put the world to work. Headquartered in Boston with offices in London, Sydney, St. Louis, and Vancouver, Bullhorn is the global leader in recruiting software. Our love of technology, appreciation for customers, and respect for each other3/30/2015 Boston, MA Save This Job
Location:Franklin, TN Exempt/Non-Exempt:Exempt Benefits:Full Comprehensive Benefits Package Employment Type:Full Time Department:Passport Division (Patient Access) Description:Passport Health Communications, Inc. - A part of Experian - a nationally recognized pioneer developing3/25/2015 Franklin, TN Save This Job
Location:Oakbrook Terrace, IL Exempt/Non-Exempt:Exempt Benefits:Full Comprehensive Benefits Package Employment Type:Full Time Department:Nebo Systems Division Description:Passport Health Communications, Inc. a part of Experian Health, a nationally recognized pioneer developing3/25/2015 Oakbrook Terrace, IL Save This Job
Location:CA-Pleasanton Job Code:829 Description Ellie Mae (NYSE:ELLI) is a leading provider of enterprise on-demand solutions, including an online network, software and services for the residential mortgage industry. Ellie Mae is leading the mortgage industry into the future,3/25/2015 Pleasanton, CA Save This Job
Location:San Diego Req ID:1607 # of Openings:1 Peregrine Semiconductor Corporation, a Murata company, is the founder of RF silicon on insulator (SOI) and is a leading fabless provider of high-performance, integrated RF solutions. Since 1988 Peregrine and its founding team have3/19/2015 San Diego, CA Save This Job
Job Details Level Experienced Salary Range Undisclosed Job Location USA-AZ-Scottsdale Travel Percentage None Position Type Full Time Job Shift Day Education Level 2 Year Degree Job Category Information Technology Description POSITION SUMMARY We are looking for an energetic,3/10/2015 Scottsdale, AZ Save This Job
The Business Analyst works with the product strategy team and is responsible for developing requirements, specifications, and user stories by working with key customer and internal constituents. In addition, this individual works with the development and quality assurance teams2/24/2015 Overland Park, KS Save This Job


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School conjuration (healing); Level alchemist 2, cleric 2, druid 2, inquisitor 2, paladin 2, ranger 2, witch 1
Casting Time 1 standard action
Range touch
Magic > Spells (Paizo) > D >
Magic > Spells (Paizo) > D >
Delay Disease
The target becomes temporarily immune to disease. Any disease to which it is exposed during the spell's duration does not affect the target until the spell's duration has expired. If the target is currently infected with a disease, you must make a caster level check against the disease's DC to suspend it for the duration of the spell; otherwise, that disease affects the target normally. Delay disease does not cure any damage a disease may have already done.
Section 15: Copyright Notice - Pathfinder Roleplaying Game Advanced Race Guide
Pathfinder Roleplaying Game Advanced Race Guide © 2012, Paizo Publishing, LLC; Authors: Dennis Baker, Jesse Benner, Benjamin Bruck, Jason Bulmahn, Adam Daigle, Jim Groves, Tim Hitchcock, Hal MacLean, Jason Nelson, Stephen Radney-MacFarland, Owen K.C. Stephens, Todd Stewart, and Russ Taylor.
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Last call: Oedipus El Rey, You Can't Take It with You, Baby with the Bathwater
Jeff Smith 8 a.m., March 26
Gerald Finzi's Christmas scene "In Terra Pax" for chorus and small orchestra is the centerpiece for Sacra/Profana's collaboration with the San Diego Children's Choir. Also on the program is Benjamin Britten's popular "Ceremony of Carols" for treble choir and harp, as well as American and British holiday favorites.
2400 South Stagecoach Drive, Fallbrook, 92028
Get directions
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The Middle Atlantic 20 Amp RackLink Web-Enabled Power Management System is a plug-and-play solution that provides you with remote monitoring and control of an eight-outlet series surge protector. You can control the unit via Internet IP, email alerts, and the RackLink mobile apps for iPad, iPhone, and Android. The unit is 100% cloud compliant and utilizes an open architecture serial API for third-party integration.
With this device, you can monitor variables such as the operating temperature, input voltage, load current, surge status, and power factor. This information is automatically logged into local storage every 5 minutes and whenever the system encounters an alert. The system can store up to 2,000 data entries which may be downloaded as a CSV file. You can review the data log through a local browser, and set rules to automatically power cycle, ping, and reset network connectivity when the system experiences a fault.
Each outlet in the system can be remotely or manually switched on and off to manage the energy requirements of connected devices. Local control of power can be extended outside of the rack through the device's dry contact outputs. This allows you to control the operation of devices plugged into the RackLink by sending current through the dry contact output(s) and into the device(s). The surge protector is housed in a one-unit rack-mountable chassis.
- Cloud Compliant
- The RackLink is accessible over the cloud via its dedicated on-board web server
- Local and Remote Access
- The unit can be viewed through mobile web apps for iPad, iPhone, and Android
- DDNS (Dynamic Domain Name Services)
- The unit utilizes Dynamic Domain Name Services to give each router a unique domain name that keeps track of the IP address associated with the device
- Individual Device Control
- The unit allows you to name each outlet, contact, and connected device. Additionally, you are able to power cycle the unit on or off or set custom cycle delay periods up to 999 seconds in length
- Monitored Variables
- The unit can monitor peak and RMS input voltage, peak and RMS load current, temperature, surge status, connected load in watts, cumulative load in kilowatt hours, power factor, and thermal loads. High and low operating thresholds may be set for these variables to determine if and when alerts are sent and what action will be taken by the device
- Surge Status
- Power surges are indicated by the unit's local LEDs, by the status of its contact closure outputs, and through remote serial and TCP/IP notifications
- Data Logging
- The device will automatically log its monitoring variables as a database entry every five minutes. This data may be viewed through the local browser user interface, saved as a CSV file, or remotely extracted via IP or RS-232
- Alerts
- The unit can send an optional email notification if user defined temperature, input voltage or load current thresholds are exceeded or if the device does not respond to an auto-ping
- Energy Management
- The unit allows you to display and log energy usage in real time. This data can be graphed with third-party applications such as Microsoft Excel
- Scheduling
- Devices can be set to turn on and off at specific times to conserve electricity


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Riad Hala
No availability found through our partners. Please contact the business directly or check some of our recommended alternatives.
- Shuttle bus service
- Suites
- Airport Transportation
- Restaurant
- Room service
- Free High-Speed Internet
Photos of Riad Hala
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TripAdvisor Reviews Riad Hala Fes
Travel Blogs from Fes
Handy Crafts and Hilly Roads
... sharpened any object that was brought to him. He worked out of a small space, less than 50 square feet, and turned a granite stone with his bare foot to sharpen against. People bring him a variety of things, from hand knives to scissors to hatchets and he sharpens them against the granite stone. He has been at that spot sharpening for over 40 years and he had a confidence in his craft but also a sweetness in interacting with us that made us like him right away. We watched people come ...
Rabat, Meknes, Volubilis and Fez
... granaries, royal stables, his tomb.
Our final sightseeing stop for today is the ancient Roman city of Volubilis. It is raining lightly, and the advantage of this is that the moisture brings out the colors in the ancient mosaics. They are much more vibrant than I have seen them on previous visits.
We check in at our hotel in Fez and take ...
The New Fez
... the new Fez and saw large streets and buildings and movie theatres etc. It has only been 3 days in the Fez Medina but you sort of forget about all of the things you normally see every day.
We took a 1 hour tour in a little electric car type thing which was driven by a 20 year old fellow who was born in Fez. He pointed out the Royal Palace of King Mohamed 6th which was surrounded by guards around the entire complex. It is one of three palaces he has ...
A walk with Hamidou
... a hank of silk looped over a nail which has been driven into a wall, the almost invisible thread stretching many metres to where he is teasing it into the finest filaments, using small battery-powered twisters.
The fabric is then woven on looms, the stripes of some of the silks alternating with camel's wool - taken from the caravans of camels from the Sahara – for added texture.Some use chenille or cotton yarn in a contrasting colour which enhances the fabric's ...
Fez Outside the Medina
... for the outside of the home to be very plain with no particular identifying features, but once inside the home is elaborate and always features a courtyard in the middle of the residence. This courtyard was spectacular and offered a sharp contrast to the hustle and noise just outside the outer walls of the residence with citrus and myrtle trees and many, many flowers.
Each room in the palace featured elaborate entry doors and contained ...


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computer ram
have older dell 6000 notebook. winxp. online scan says it should have pc2-5300 or pc2-6400 ram. it had (1) 512mb pc2-3200 in it. was slow. put in a 2nd stick of pc2-5300 @512mb. ran better. today i pulled the 3200 stick and put in a 1gb 5300 stick. so i have 1.5gb now. if i had access to 2 sticks of 1gb 6400 stuff i might try it but its old stuff and i dont really know anyone who has any laying around.
According to this site your computer uses DDR3 PC3200 RAM.
If that is the capacity of the motherboard then using higher speed will have no effect, the RAM will be accessed at the speed of the motherboard's capabilities.
Reviews are from mid 2005 so yes, it is an older machine. But that is not to say it may go on for years yet before giving up.
I always rely on Belarc to tell me exactly what is in the pc so I know for sure what I have.
Belarc Advisor - Free Personal PC Audit
I know in some older ones they had to be exactly matched pairs too.
If it came with 3200 from the factory.. its bus speed is 200 or less. The higher buss speed rated memory adapts to the slower speed.
You can download Speccy, a free tiny program from the people that make Ccleaner & see lots of hardware info.
Here is a link that might be useful: http://www.piriform.com/speccy


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If gluten is on your naughty list this year, leave all-purpose flour out in the cold and whip up these crowd-pleasing classics with an equally tasty flour alternative. Recipe: Soul Dog Gluten-Free Chocolate Chip Cookies
Here is another of our favorite molasses based recipes, a cookie that is half gingersnap and half old-fashioned molasses. Thanks to freshly peeled ginger this treat also has an unforgettable kick. Recipe: Ginger and Molasses Cookies
If you're on a time crunch between holiday errands, try this super simple recipe made from just a few pantry staples. Recipe: HamBob's Old-Fashioned Molasses Cookies
These buttery cookies may start off the baking process as large dough rounds, but they end it in biscotti shaped fingers perfect for dipping and dunking! Recipe: Swedish Butter Cookies (Mandel Kakor)
'Tis the season for sharing what is sweetest in life, and for us that means an old-fashioned cookie swap. So grab your kids, cookie cutters, rolling pins and baking sheets and start your swap off right with Christmas's quintessential treat - the sugar cookie. Recipe: Sugar Cookies
Want to guarantee a white Christmas? Sift a snowfall of powdered sugar over a batch of these pretty and shamelessly simple pecan cookies. Recipe: German Drop Cookies
Each of these darkly rich cookies are infused with finely grained espresso to give Santa the kick he needs to make it through his busy Christmas Eve night. Recipe: Chocolate Espresso Cookies
Krisp Kream-gle is a huge fan of these creamy yet crispy peanut butter cookies ... so naturally kids love them too. Keep their little hands busy rolling the dough balls in crushed peanuts before baking. Recipe: Double Delight Peanut Butter Cookies
Create a Christmas tradition with this simple and homey recipe that has already been enjoyed for generations by one Ohio family. Recipe: Algeo Family Applesauce Cookies
Dazzle cookie lovers everywhere with these perfectly balanced sandies that feature both salty and sweet hints under a drizzling of chocolate and caramel. Recipe: Chocolate Caramel Pecan Sandies
These creative dishes will make spaghetti night the best night ever.
Need to spruce up your Instagram feed? Follow these refreshing creatives.
If you're still making standard old s'mores, you're missing out! Take your s'more obsession to the next level with these 25 incredible twists on the classic fireside favorite.
10 comforting side recipes to add to this year's Thanksgiving buffet.
From classics to cultural, these chicken soup recipes will soothe the soul indeed.
30 candy wonderlands from across the states guaranteed to give you a super-sweet sugar rush.


text: We chose this hotel because it was walking distance from the station but at 1.15 am when a cab pulled up, we took it. So it's less than a $10 cab ride from the station. Other hotels are around the same distance, but we were very happy with the Crockett. Our room was an internal king looking out onto the... More


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More Videos...
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The car is under construction;-)
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Beetle Crisis
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This is my 1973 beetle, it's a 1303s, it took 3 and a half years to restore
it, every single bolt was checked, original engine, full leather interior,
power steering, original ATS Cup rims, electric windows, LED lights, and
much more, check it out!!
VIP Auto Show - VW Beetle
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polished before painting.
HD by Olympus 6020
132777 / 1973 Volkswagen Super Beetle
For more information on this vehicle visit http://tinyurl.com/caj7rvk
This incredibly cool 1973 Super Beetle is the perfect car for a
budget-minded collector or someone who is new to the hobby.
Sporting a vivid coat of brilliant blue paint, this fully sorted and
completely road ready '73 Super Beetle is fresh out of a ground up
restoration which likely cost twice as much as we're asking for it. The
restorers began by stripping the car down to its bare floor pan and fully
prepping and rebuilding the body. Once the body was aligned to better than
factory standards, it was disassembled and evenly covered in two-stage
basecoat/clearcoat paint. The end result is a very clean, well-aligned bug
with a smooth finish and outstanding appearance that will provide years of
worry-free fun.
Powering this sharp '73 Super Beetle is the cars original dual port 1600 cc
air cooled, flat four cylinder, which upon its introduction in 1971 made a
bristling 50 horsepower. Completely
rebuilt during the cars restoration, it runs beautifully with that famous
and distinctive VW sound, and will likely putter along forever with a
minimum of fussing and tuning. At the top of the engine, a mirror-like air
cleaner feeds air to a new Bocar one barrel carburetor. To the left of that
carburetor, a Bosch coil supplies a traditional points distributor that's
equipped with Bosch plug wires. And to the right of that carburetor, a
chrome generator sits above a body-matched oil filler tube and chrome
dipstick. At the back of the engine, a Claudes Buggies ignition system is
affixed to the cars blue firewall, and in front of the engine, a new belt
snakes around blue Scat pulleys and an aluminum Scat tensioner. Exhaust is handled by fresh VW branded headers;
and, like the rest of the car, the entire engine bay has been restored to
show quality standards.
Take one look underneath this VW and you'll see just how much work went
into its complete, nut and bolt restoration. Both the front and rear
suspensions have obviously been completely rebuilt and feature fresh
bushings, fresh shocks and an aftermarket anti-sway bar. At the front of
the car, new disc brakes are equipped with fresh hardware and new pads, and
at the back of the car, rebuilt drum brakes are outfitted with fresh hoses.
Power flows from the motor into a 4-speed manual transmission which turns
four chrome EMPI eight spoke wheels that are wrapped in 175R15 Nanking
front and 205/75R15 Republic Ensign rear radials. The bottom of this Beetle
is spotless and looks spectacular with all-new stainless hardware holding
together straight and solid floors which display a great looking coat of
gloss black paint.
Pop open the door and you'll find a completely custom blue LED lit interior
which features a $2K sound system and is the perfect spot to spend the
afternoon cruising. The driver and front passenger enjoy firm Procar by
Scat buckets, rear occupants ride on a custom covered bench and all
passengers are secured with new, correct lap belts. At the front of the
car, a new for 1973 padded dash shows no warping or fading and, with the
exception of an MP3 compatible Alpine CD player, features the same
minimalist readouts and accessories found in all Beetles. Below the seats,
brand new black carpet lies under custom kick panels that have been
outfitted with large Infinity Reference speakers and a chrome EMPI trigger
shifter. At the sides of the seats, completely painted door jams and window
frames contrast well to custom two-tone door panels which feature new
armrests, billet window cranks and billet lock knobs. Above the seats a
thick and tight custom headliner stretches from door to door and leads the
eye to a reworked package tray which has been professionally upholstered
and houses two more massive Infinity Reference speakers. In front of the
driver, a familiar Grant GT steering wheel makes good use of the cars
reduced turning radius, and in front of the cockpit, a spacious, by Beetle
standards, fully restored front hatch holds a horizontal spare tire.
If you're looking for fun, practical transportation, this fully sorted
Super Beetle looks awesome and is ready to go. Call, click or visit
http://RKMotorsCharlotte.com for more information on this awesome car!
Volkswagen 1303 Porsche
Building thread (in Norwegian):
my 1958 VW BUG
My 1958 VW Bug Build
1972 Super Beetle build video
We turned a junk yard vw to a Beautiful Super Beetle. This took about 2
years to do. It is essentially a stock super beetle even down to the
working heat exchangers. I am planing to build a 1641cc engine w/ 110 cam
this winter to have in the car in the spring. These vw projects are great
to father son builds as they are cheep and easy to work on.
Please feel free to comment and let me know what you think, the video of
the car is not great quality because I was using the camera on my phone.
VW Käfer 1303 RS Drift
Ein VW Käfer 1303RS drift in einer Halle! Höllen Sound!!!!
more: http://www.boxergasse.com/html/street_race.html
top chop vw sottiletta VW KÄFER TOP CHOP
Sottiletta maggiolino top chop VW KÄFER
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Sitzplätze, bis auf minimale Verbreiterung hinten originale
Aussenabmessungen. Mehr Wolf im Schafspelz geht nicht. Alltagstauglich und
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Wheelstand Wednesday — Compilation Video
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ETS GT-R Breaks World Record for 1/4-Mile & Dyno
Which car is faster?
Similar 1/4 mile timeslips to browse:
1961 Volkswagen Beetle Sedan: 8.670 @ 162.000
Dean, Engine: vw, Turbos: garrett
1950 Volkswagen Beetle Pro Turbo Bug: 8.876 @ 160.200
Leif, Engine: vw flat four 2400cc, Turbos: Single T66 Tires: M/T
1957 Volkswagen Beetle : 9.020 @ 0.000
Rich "Vdub" White, Engine: 2332, Turbos: cb intercooled Tires: 135's and 8 inch sli
1956 Volkswagen Beetle : 9.040 @ 150.830
Jerry Matsko, Engine: 2276 cc, Turbos: 1 big garret turbo Tires: M&H front runners and slicks
1970 Volkswagen Beetle 1300: 9.070 @ 155.710
Robert Jongen, Engine: Subaru EJ20, Turbos: GT4293 Tires: Hoosier 26x9.0x15
1965 Volkswagen Beetle : 9.513 @ 135.650
Sam Young, Engine: Electric, Tires: M&H Drag Slicks & Front Runners
1963 Volkswagen Beetle : 10.000 @ 139.000
Lance Gregory, Engine: 2295cc, Turbos: T4
1956 Volkswagen Beetle Sedan Garrett GT3076R Turbo: 10.410 @ 131.000
Dean, Engine: 2180 Type 1 (131 cu. in.), Supercharger: N/A Turbos: Garrett GT3076R Tires: M&H 22/3.5 FT; Hoosier 9.0x15's Rear
1965 Volkswagen Beetle : 10.870 @ 121.566
Michael Meyer, Engine: NA - 2387cc, Supercharger: na Turbos: na Tires: mt 8 wide
1964 Volkswagen Beetle 1: 10.920 @ 128.000
mike mullins, Engine: 138ci aircooled, Turbos: T04
1969 Volkswagen Beetle : 11.200 @ 102.000
Chris white, Engine: 3256cc stroker, Supercharger: none Turbos: none Tires: 215/60/17
1970 Volkswagen Beetle : 11.500 @ 117.890
rafi pro, Engine: 1835, Tires: 26.7
1967 Volkswagen Beetle type1: 11.560 @ 109.000
Glynn, Engine: 2165cc, Turbos: switzer s1 Tires: pheinix
1951 Volkswagen Beetle Split Window Standard: 11.599 @ 113.920
Michi Graf, Engine: Wankel 13 B N/A, Supercharger: no Turbos: no Tires: M+ H 26/6-15
1965 Volkswagen Beetle : 11.600 @ 112.240
Mark Herbert, Engine: VW 2332cc, 140ci, Tires: 145/15 klebers and 8
1956 Volkswagen Beetle : 11.760 @ 111.990
Jerry Spearn, Engine: 2387cc, Supercharger: no Turbos: no Tires: firestone 26 x 6 slicks
1961 Volkswagen Beetle : 11.800 @ 112.800
James Lutz, Engine: Horizontal air coole, Tires: Firestone Slicks
1970 Volkswagen Beetle : 11.880 @ 108.970
Tim Shockency, Engine: 2332cc,
1966 Volkswagen Beetle type 1 bug: 11.960 @ 107.000
gary, Engine: 2332cc 4cylinder, Supercharger: n/a Turbos: n/a Tires: 8in firestone slicks
1956 Volkswagen Beetle : 12.180 @ 114.450
Jerry Spearn, Engine: 1996cc, Supercharger: NO Turbos: NO Tires: firestone
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Need to Know
Episode #128
A look at whether the Southeast Asian nation of Burma may be trying to build nuclear weapons. [56 minutes]
This episode has not aired in the past few months on Iowa Public Television.
NEED TO KNOW | Israeli author David Grossman... (#128)
Acclaimed Israeli author David Grossman talks with Need to Know's Alison Stewart about the effects of the Middle East... 08:02
Need To Know | Burma's Nuclear Puzzle: A Need... (#128)
A rogue nuclear state? 12:34
Need To Know | The Trouble With Pirates | PBS (#128)
Need to Know presents the story of a French family who were abducted by Somali pirates in the Indian Ocean. 12:17
NEED TO KNOW | Just ask Peter Sagal: Advice for... (#128)
In this installment of Just Ask, Peter Sagal offers some words of wisdom to recently unemployed members of Congress. 02:12
Need To Know | Growing a State: Palestinians... (#128)
Bypassing the peace process. 11:06
- Watch more video from this program »
Series Description: NEED TO KNOW is an integrated broadcast and online current affairs project, uniting broadcast and web in an innovative approach to newsgathering and reporting. It breaks through the limitations of the broadcast schedule by means of a web-based production model that empowers audiences to "tune in" anytime and anywhere. A cross-media initiative built around a wide community of journalists and producers, with input from an engaged audience, NEED TO KNOW covers five primary beats: the economy; the environment and energy; health; security; and culture. Stories, interviews, blogs and photo features are continually added to and updated online, with the production teams inviting interaction and input from online readers and users who are on the lookout for the latest information on a given subject. Each week's online story development culminates in the weekly broadcast, curated from the week's reporting by the various beat teams. The broadcast features documentary-style field reports, both domestic and international, short features and studio-based interviews and conversation to complement and advance the produced reports.
All Upcoming Episodes
There are no broadcasts currently planned. Please check back for future broadcast dates.


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The non-Holmes plan for the Jets
July, 26, 2013
By Tim Kavanagh | ESPN Insider
There's a chance that the New York Jets will have WR Santonio Holmes at some point this season, but based upon his latest comments, it's not exactly clear when that will be. Asked on Friday if he's sure he'll play during the 2013 season, Holmes replied, "I can't answer that question right now," according to ESPNNewYork.com's Jane McManus. So how is this going to work if No. 10 isn't available?


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Why does the Azalea Autumn Rouge have few leafs?
coodyApril 30, 2013
When I bought the Azalea Autumn Rouge flowers last fall, they have lots of leaves as well as flowers. I planted them on the flower bed under the window. Now they have few leaves but still have lots of flowers. Can you tell why they have few leaves. What is the problem? See the picture .
good here we are dealing fresh flower from garden 24*7
Here is a link that might be useful: Floworldonline