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March 27, 1956 A. P. EDELMAN ET AL 2,740,097
ELECTRICAL HINGE CONNECTOR FOR CIRCUIT BOARDS Filed April 19, 1951 TIE- FIE-l INVENTORS. AARON P. EDELMAN. MORRIS WEINBERG BY 2%. m4
ilnited States Patent ELECTRICAL HINGE CONNECTOR FOR CIRCUIT BOARDS Aaron P. Edeiman, Van Nuys, and Morris Weinberg, Encino, Califi, assignors, by mesne assignments, to Hughes Aircraft Company, a corporation of Delaware Application April 19, 1951, Serial No. 221,874
3 Claims. (Cl. 339-17) This invention relates to flexible electrical connectors and more particularly, to flexible electrical connectors for hingedly mechanically connecting two dielectric members supporting electrical circuitry while simultaneously providing electrical continuity betwen the electrical circuitry contained thereon.
Many electronic applications require that the size of the equipment utilized be reduced to a minimum, but yet retain sufficient accessibility for necessary servicing operations. In general, the two requirements of minimum size and ready accessibility are inconsistent, and considerable difiiculty has been encountered in the past in attempting to obtain both characteristics simultaneously. For exam pic, a theoretical minimum size of an electronic unit may be obtained by mounting all electronic circuit elements including tubes, resistances, condensers, lead wires, etc. in such a manner as to completely fill a volume with only a bare minimum of space remaining between adjacent elements. To service an electronic unit so constructed requires, in most instances, that interfering elements be removed to obtain access to the inner circuit portions. Removal, or disconnection of any circuit elements of a unit is extremely undesirable since the remaining circuitry would cease normal operations which considerably increases the difiiculty of the servicing operation.
Maximum accessibility of electronic units for ready servicing, on the other hand, has been obtained by mounting the circuit elements in single layer fashion over an area rather than in a volume fashion so that each individual element lies in an exposed position. Servicing of a unit having such a mounting arrangement may be eiiected with considerable ease, as each element may be checked or tested without disturbing the remaining elements or the operation of the entire circuit. Such a mounting system, however, inherently fails to provide a maximum utilization of available space, and hence lacks the desired compactness.
This invention makes use of a combination volume and layer mounting arrangement for electric circuit elements which provides both an ultimate in compactness while also allowing access to the individual elements for servicing without interruption of the circuits operation. This is accomplished by mounting the constituent elements in several single layers, and then hingedly joining these layers in such a way that the layers may be folded together in an accordiondike manner, so as to obtain minimum size of the overall unit, or unfolded to obtain maximum accessibility to the individual components on each layer. The layers comprise individual board members of dielectric material to which the circuit components are ar'iixed. Adjacent members are joined by hinges in the form of resilient conductive spring elements which serve both to mechanically interconnect the boards and to electrically connect the electric components on the boards. Each resilient spring element thus serves" to electrically connect one component on one board to another component on another board, and its mechanical resilience, added to the resilience of similar spring elements also serving to electrically connect other components on the two board members, constitutes a flexible and resilient mechanical coupling between the two boards. The boards when joined in this manner may be angularly separated to expose the electrical ccmponents on each layer so that the unit may be readily serviced without interrupting the operation of the included circuit, and then folded back in place to obtain a unit of minimum size. This invention, therefore, provides an interconnection of electrical circuitry which results in a unit of maximum compactness while retaining ready accessibility to all of its components for servicing operations.
It is the principal object of this invention to provide resilient hinge connections between two boards containing electronic circuitry which mechanically interconnect the boards and conductively interconnect the electronic circuitry on the two boards.
Another object of this invention is to provide a resilient hinge means for electrically connecting circuit components located on two boards while simultaneously mechanically interconnecting the two boards.
Another object of this invention is to provide a resilient mechanical connection between two dielectric boards having electrical components thereon so that the boards may be physically separated without interfering with the operation of the associated electronic circuitry.
Still another object of this invention is to provide a means of mounting complex electronic circuitry in an interconnected layer-dike fashion whereby the layers may be folded in close proximity so as to obtain a minimum size of the circuitry, or may be unfolded so as to allow maximum accessibility to the circuitry for servicing thereor without interruption of its operation.
Still another object of this invention is to mount the circuitry of an electronic unit in an interconnected layer fashion so that the iayers may be folded together to ob tain minimum size of the unit or spread apart to be accesible for servicing.
The novel features which are believed to be characteristic of the invention, both as to its organization and method of operation, together with further objects and advantages thereof, will be better understood from the following description considered in connection with the accompanying drawings. It is to be expressly understood, however, that the drawings are for the purpose of illustration and description only, and are not intended as a definition of the limits of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a view of a portion of a printed electronic circuit;
Figs. 2a, 2b and 2c are cross-sectional views of a portion of this invention in three different positions;
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a portion of an electronic circuit utilizing this invention;
Fig. 4 is a view of an element of this invention.
Fig. 1 illustrates a portion of a typical printed electronic circuit which may be electrically and mechanically joined by this invention to similar printed circuits. it comprises a board member 1 of dieiectric material, containing a series of holes spaced along two of its edges, into which a series of metallic tubular eyelets 5, of conductive material, are inserted and secured. The function of eyelets 5 will become more apparent in the description accompanying Figs. 2a2c. Various paths of conductive material, extend inwardly from these eyelets and terminate in puddle-like junctions 6. These conductive paths 4 may be placed on board 1 by any printed circuit technique, or may, instead, consist of conventional lead wires extending between the junctions 6 and eyelets A pair of circuit components illustrated by way of example on board 1, and dis lose typical electronic circuit components in association with the printed circuit. The lead wires of circuit components 2 and 3 are attached to var- 3 ions junctions 6 to provide both physical supports for the respective components as well as conductive connections to various conductive paths.
Fig. 2a discloses a portion of two dielectric members 16 and 1 each indicative of board member 1 in Fig. 1, and each containing electronic components (not shown) electrically and hingedly mechanically joined by a resilient spring element according to this invention. contains a conductive path 1:7, leading along one of its surfaces between an eyelet l4 and a lead wire 16 of an electrical circuit component (not shown) lying on its surface. Member 11 contains two conductive paths 21 and 24, extending along its two surfaces. One conductive path 21 extends between an eyelet 29 and a lead wire 22 of an electrical component (not shown) lying on one surface, while the other conductive path 24 extends along the other side of member 11 between eyelet 20 and a lead wire 25 of another electrical component (not shown) lying on its other surface. A spring 12, more fully described and illustrated in connection with Fig. 4, has two bent ends inserted and soldered as indicated at 13 and 23 into the eyelets 1 5 and 2-6, respectively. This spring 12, preferably constructed of beryllium copper, serves to electrically connect the lead wires 16, 22 and 25 together and, by its mechanical resilience, serves further to provide a flexible mechanical hinge coupling between the two boards 16 and 11.
The position assumed by the boards i=3 and 11 in Fig. 2a is effected by the unsprung or untensioned position of spring 12, this position is automatically assumed whenever board 19 and 11 are not subjected to any positioning fo "es. The shape of spring 12, under such conditions, is identical to its original shape as illustrated in Fig. 4.
Fig. 2:; illustrates the identical structure disclosed in Fig. 254', except that the members it) and 11, in this example, are maintained in a parallel relationship with one another. Such a parallel relationship is effected in the usual mounting arrangement of such boards as illustrated in the example disclosed in Fig. 3. By maintaining boards ill) and 11 parallel, the overall unit occupies a minimum of space as the volume enclosed by them is effectively filled by the electrical components lying on the upper surface of board ll. The eyelets must be placed at a suflicient distance from the edges 2% and 29 of boards it and 11, respectively, so that no portion of spring 12 will project pest line 26, formed by edges 28 and 29. This will prevent spring 12. from making accidental electrical contact with any conductive bodies nearby.
Fig. 2c illustrahs the identical structure of Fig. 2a whethe two boards and 11 are angula ly separated until both occupy the same plane. In this position, the two edges 28 and of boards l9 and 11, respectively, come to rest against one another to form, with spring 12, a temporary step position against further separation. When the boards occupy this position, their circuit components are completely exposed, but still electrically operable, thereby rendering their checking and servicing efiortless. The two bent ends of spring 1?. are illustrated in this example, Fig. 2c, as being inserted into eyelets i4 and 28 without the subsequent soldering. Spring 12 in this embodiment still serves as a mechanical hinge connection between members 1% and ll, and as an electrical connection betwen conductive paths i5, 21 and 24, but adds flexibility to the unit by being removable. This additional flexibility might be desirable in some circuit applications by permitting complete separation or" adjaboard. members if desired.
The embodiments illustrated in Figs. 2a2c disclose metallic eyelets serving as circuit terminations for the various conductive paths. However, the eyelets may be omitted and the bent ends of spring 12 secured through the holes to the conductive paths directly. The provision of these eyelets is preferred, due to the greater mechanical strength obtained thereby for the unit.
Member 10 Fig. 3 illustrates, as an example, a portion of a complete electronic unit assembled and connected according to this invention. The unit comprises three board members 32, 33 and 34, each containing electrical components whose lead wires are soldered to the conductive paths in the manner shown for board 1 of Fig. l. he electrical components on board 32 are electrically connected to various electrical components on board 33, as determined by the circuitry involved, by a plurality of resilient springs 12', each similar to spring 12 of Figs. 2a2c. Electrical connections between electrical components on boards 33 and 34 are accomplished by a plurality of springs 12', also similar to spring 12 of Figs. 2a 2c. The three board members 32, 33 and 34 are maintained relative to each other by spacer elements positioned and secured at each corner. Spacer element id is positioned between one corner of boards 32 and 33 and another spacer element 41 is positioned between the corresponding corner of boards 33 and 34. Spacer elements 4i) and 41 are secured in position by a nut 42 and a bolt 43 to provide thereby a mounting for this corner of the unit. The other corner illustrated is positioned by spacer element 4% between boards 32 and 33- and spacer element 4-1 between boards 33 and 3d, and secured by bolt 4-3 passing through the boards and spacer elements and nut 42. The overall unit secured at all corners in this man nor is thereby provided with a compact and rigid mounting for all of its constituent layers of electronic circuitry.
The unit, as illustrated in Fig. 3 in its mounted position, is in its most compact form and provides, upon proper choice and placement of the electronic circuit components on the various boards, a maximum utilization of available space. The unit in its mounted position would be extremely difiicult to service due to the inaccessibility of its innermost components. However, the unit may be readily serviced by removing the nuts, bolts and spacer elements used to secure adjacent boards and .angularly separating the boards along the axes formed by the rows of spring conductors. Thus, board 32 may be angularly raised upward toward the left with the series of springs 12 forming a resilient axis for the angular displacement. When this is done, access may be had to the components between boards 32 and 33 formerly blocked when the board members were in spaced parallel relationship as was the case for the closed position of the unit. Board member 34 may also be separated from board 33 by lowering it to the right along an axis formed by springs 12" thereby exposing the components between these respective boards for servicing. As will be noted, neither of these separations will interrupt the operation of the circuitry contained on the three boards, as electrical conductivity therebetween is continuously maintained by the conductive spring elements 12' and 12'.
Fig. 4 discloses a single resilient spring conductor 12., as found in Figs. 2a--2c and Fig. 3, constructed from a strip of material having both resilience and conductivity. Beryllium copper has been found to be one especially suitable metal due to its relatively high conductivity, high fatigue strength and high elastic limit. Spring conductor 12 is symmetrical in shape and its straight middle section 51, shown broken so as to indicate its width w, blends into an S-shaped portion 52 on one side of section 51 and into a reversed S-shaped portion 52' on the other side of middle section 51. S-shaped portion 52 consists of a convex curved portion 53 blending smoothly into a concave curved portion 54, which, in turn, extends into a straight portion 55. Straight portion 55 is abruptly bent back on itself to form a hooked portion 56 adapted to fit inside a conductor termination, as for example, the eyelets illustrated in Figs. 241-20. The end of the hooked portion 56 terminates in an angular projection 57 serving to position the hooked portion 56 within a conductor termination. The remaining portion of spring conductor 2, to the right of the straight portion 51, includes a reversed S-shaped portion 52', a straight portion 55, a bent end 56, and a right angle projection 57'.
Spring conductor 12, as illustrated in Fig. 4, is in its untensioned or unsprung position. When utilized to connect two circuit supporting members together, this unsprung position of the spring serves to position the members at an angle determined by the relative angle between the straight portions 55 and 55, respectively, of its two sides as is illustrated by the relative angular positions of boards 19 and 11 in Fig. 2a. The provision of this angular separation between straight portions 55 and 55' allows an automatic separation between adjacent boards Whenever the spacing elements, as illustrated in Pig. 3, are removed. This angular separation exposes the inner circuitry, thereby allowing servicing to be made thereon without undue diificulty. If greater separation is desired, the boards may be manually separated even further, and separation of the type illustrated in Fig. 2c obtained.
The particular shape of spring 12 also possesses an advantage in allowing the conductor termination, illustrated as eyelets 14 and 20 as in Fig. 2b, to be located extremely close to the edges 28 and 29, respectively, of boards 1t) and 1.1 without having its middle portion 51 project past line 26 formed by these two edges. This feature allows the area provided by board members and 11 to be more efiiciently utilized in containing circuit components. Spring 12 also is of such shape as to provide a relatively long bending length and this feature is accentuated by having the ends 56 and 56 bent toward middle portion 51. The relatively long bending length permits easier separation of t'.e boards and reduces the strains developed in the individual spring elements thereby increasing the life of the overall unit.
It is also apparent to those skilled in the art that many variations are possible for the shape of spring 12. Although the shape illustrated is preferred for reasons cited previously, it may be modified somewhat without departing from the scope of the invention as long as it serves to provide both a stable, fiexible mechanical hinge coupling between any two component carrying members, and an electrical coupling between conductive paths on the members.
What is claimed as new is:
l. A device for interconnecting first and second electronic circuit components, said device comprising: first and second dielectric members for supporting said first and second circuit components, respectively; a first electrically conductive path on said first member connectable to said first circuit component; a second electrically conductive path on said second member connectable to said second circuit component; a first tubular metallic eyelet in said first member connected to said first path; a second tubular metallic eyelet in said second member connected to said second path; and electrically conductive resilient hinge means providing an electrical connection between said paths and a mechanical hinge connection between said members, said hinge means comprising a fiat spring including a longitudinally extending straight section, an S-shaped section having first and second ends, a reversed S-snaped section having first and second ends, the first ends of said S-shaped sections being integral with opposite ends, respectively, of said straight section, said S-shaped sections extending laterally of said straight sections in one direction, the second ends of said S-shaped sections comprising wedge-shaped portions, respectively, said wedge-shaped portions being secured within said first and second eyelets, respectively.
2. A device for interconnecting first and second pluralities of electronic circuit components; said device comprising first and second dielectric members for supporting the respective pluralities of circuit components, each of said members extending substantially in a single plane, and said first dielectric member normally being disposed in a spaced relation parallel and adjacent to said second dielectric member; electrically conductive paths on said first member connectable to the respective circuit components of said first plurality; electrically conductive paths on said second member connectable to the respec tive circuit components of said second plurality; terminals in said first member connected to the respective paths and located at preselected positions thereon; terminals in said second member connected to the respective paths and located at preselected positions thereon; and springs each formed of a ribbon of conductive material, said springs each having a substantially straight middle section, first and second ends bent with respect to the spring to form wedge-shaped ends, and diiferent loop portions connecting the ends of the middle section separately to the different wedge-shaped ends, said springs electrically connecting terminals in said first member with terminals in said second member, mechanically connecting said dielectric members so as to aid in maintaining said first dielectric member in a spaced relation parallel and adjacent to said second dielectric member, and permitting said first dielectric member to be reoriented in the plane of said second dielectric member thereby making said circuit components readily accessible.
3. A flat spring for connecting a terminal mounted on one dielectric member to a terminal mounted on another dielectric member, the dielectric members being normally disposed in a spaced relation parallel and adjacent to each other, and said terminals comprising metallic eyelets adapted for connection to electronic circuit components supported by the respective dielectric members, said spring including a longitudinally extending straight section, an S-shaped section having first and second ends, a reverse S-shaped section having first and second ends, the first ends of said S-shaped sections being integral with opposite ends, respectively, of said straight section, said S-shaped sections extending laterally of said straight sections in one direction, the second ends of said S-shaped sections comprising wedgeshaped portions, respectively, the respective wedge-shaped portions being adapted for insertion into respective eyelets, so as to provide a mechanical and electrical connection between the eyelets whereby one or" the dielectric members may be reoriented in the plane of the other dielectric member to expose the electronic circuit components thereon while maintaining the connection provided by said spring.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 352,596 Wilson Nov. 16, 1886 1,587,120 Haddock June 1, 1926 1,637,864 Kolster Aug. 2, 1927 1,647,474 Seymour Nov. 1, 1927 1,790,101 Kohloff Jan. 27, 1931 1,910,022 Legg May 23, 1933 2,066,876 Carpenter Jan. 5, 1937 2,470,618 Holden May 17, 1949 2,474,988 Sargrove July 5, 1949 2,631,184 Sampson Mar. 10, 1953 FOREIGN PATENTS 357,171 Great Britain Sept. 10, 1931 620,411 Great Britain Mar. 24, 1949
Patent Citations
Referenced by
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You may have noticed things look a little different around here - we've switched to a new platform (XenForo) and have some new forum styles and features. This how-to guide will help you find your way around. If you find anything that looks strange, post it in this thread.
need ATK0100 ACPI driver for win 7 RTM 64bit on ASUS G1Sn.
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It's not everyday that a fashion magazine gets quite the attention, but when you have a hunky model to pose nude, it would certainly set tongues wagging.
There's already been a lot of magazine covers that featured semi nude models, but none so far has been bold enough to expose a man the way Vogue Hommes International did. For their Spring/Summer issue, they featured hot Australian model Jarrod Scott on their cover showing a bit more than what is usual. But that's entirely not the catch, inside the pages, Jarrod Scott puts on his brave face and poses completely nude.
If you're thinking that it's probably a trick or the model somehow has his privates covered, well no. Posing ala Kate Winslet in the movie "Titanic," the Aussie model lets it all hang.
As early as now, the French Vogue Hommes International is being criticized for their risky move. Some are saying that the magazine went overboard but some are fine with what they saw. Well if anyone should make an opinion about the cover and the controversial photo, it should be Jarrod Scott himself but it seems like he doesn't mind at all.
Inside the magazine, you will be able to see Jarrod dressed in several designer brands like Gucci and Hermes. The concept of the shoot was "freedom" which might suggest why he posed completely nude in one of the photos.
The Australian model was "discovered" while he was on a vacation in the Philippines. As for his runway career, he started just last year when he walked for high-end brand Givenchy for their Autumn 2012 collection. Jarrod also previously posed for Swedish underwear brand Bjorn Borg.
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OK, Poverty Wizards, You're gonna have to go... cant have any more of
this happening.
really, it should have looked like this.
maschk2010 and Bizzarro's added this photo to their favorites.
It looks like you are in BIG trouble!
Let me tell you, it was quite frustrating, and changing three receives and two transmitters did not make it better. Must have been something in the air. Cant have it in a wider scale sessions
Two great shots!


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Slashdot videos: Now with more Slashdot!
We've improved Slashdot's video section; now you can view our video interviews, product close-ups and site visits with all the usual Slashdot options to comment, share, etc. No more walled garden! It's a work in progress -- we hope you'll check it out (Learn more about the recent updates).
Comment: Choice is a Good Thing (Score 4, Interesting) 489
Comment: Windows still important (Score 5, Interesting) 214
I have the same problem at my work. I want to automate and speed up a lot of the reporting my coworkers do by moving the processing over to one of our Linux servers, but Excel is always a problem. Some of our people actually see Excel as a platform in itself.
It's become kind of a joke among some of us there. "Excel would make a great Operating System if only it had a decent spreadsheet."
Some of our macros can take upwards of twenty minutes to run.
I suppose they could use OpenOffice-server, and I've considered playing around with it, but it seems like too much unnecessary overhead. Right now I think I'm gonna give JExcelAPI a whirl as soon as I get a break in between projects.
Comment: The Video Shows the Holy Grail of Sat Hacking (Score 5, Informative) 160
+ - Wi-Fi Piggybacking Widespread->
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+ - Neuro-Reckoning may Reduce MMOG Time Lag
+ - 2.5 mile borehole drilled into San Andreas Fault->
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+ - SAS CEO Blasts Old-School Schooling
+ - Why municipal wi-fi networks have been such a flop
Jake Melville from Slate.com here. Today, we published a story on the failed effort of municipal Wi-Fi efforts. We thought that you and your readers might enjoy it, given your recent coverage of the wi-fi issue and tech trends.
The story can be found here: http://www.slate.com/id/2174858/
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+ - Google Geek's Famous Photos->
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+ - Teen hacks $84 million porn filter in 30 minutes
+ - Lunar Eclipse Next Tuesday Morning->
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Reader comments are listed below. Comments are currently closed and new comments are no longer being accepted.
Not that it is important, but I know The Economist likes to be correct.
It is Internal Revenue Service - not "Inland" Revenue Service.
Call it what you will, it is hated by just about everyone - now that may include some "gods"!
Agreed, they should all pay fairly into the system just like any other secular organization, which means income minus charity. Of course this will never happen in this country, there are WAY too many people who would see this as an attack on the church.
Tax 'em all. Let God sort them out. That's what disestablishmentarianism is all about.
A few years ago, the NYT had several articles on this subject. Glad to see it mentioned here, and I hope we get some more transparency on this.
While I would prefer all churches to pay taxes - any church that engages in political discourse, tells you how to vote, etc, should automatically be taxed.
That and Scientology, which is a flagrant for profit institution, tax the hell out of them.
You are right. I was supposed to say the US Supreme Court, not the US Constitution....
As far as I know, the Constitution also says nothing about taxes in general...
More importantly than the US Constitution, the Bible does not exempt Churches from Taxes, for it clearly says:
"Pay to Caesar what is his, Pay to God what is his"....
D. Sherman wrote:
Jan 28th 2011 12:45 GMT
"I don't know whether churches should or shouldn't have to pay income tax. "
"The problem with not taxing religious organizations is that the IRS is put in the position of deciding what is or isn't a legitimate religion. ..."
A problem easily solved: Tax them all.
Why, exactly, should atheists, non-practicing Christians (non practicing Moslems, non-practicing Jews, etc.,), and people who prefer to golf on Sunday morning be required to cross-subsidize organized religion through the tax system?
What kind of religion is so fragile that it would cease to exist if not subsidized through the tax system? The church of latter day deductions?
Tax them all, and be done with it.
I don't know whether churches should or shouldn't have to pay income tax. Large, established churches with lots of charitable programs which would presumably still be deductible as charitable donations, and real estate to depreciate (e.g. Catholics and Mormons) might not have any tax liability anyway, while the disreputable "religions" could be fairly taxed by taxing the outrageous salaries and perks paid to their disreputable "ministers".
The problem with not taxing religious organizations is that the IRS is put in the position of deciding what is or isn't a legitimate religion. With the temptation of tax-free status dangling out there, there have been some pretty strange attempts at religion. The IRS eventually got wise to the scam and as I understand it basically set a cut-off date in which if your "church" wasn't recognized by that date, you're very unlikely to get it recognized. Scientology, just to name one, conveniently managed to get approved in time.
I suspect that if regular corporate tax rates were applied to churches, and their charitable works, office expense, wages, real estate costs, etc were considered deductible like they are for everyone else, most legitimate churches would not owe any tax. Some auditing would soon catch the fraudulent ones that were set up largely as tax dodges. If the "parsonage allowance" needs to be considered taxable income, so be it, though that would be analogous to taxing other company-supplied benefits in private industry, such as health insurance or a company car.
All in all, taxing churches could probably be done with only small changes to the IRS code and with no impact on real churches. Whether it would gain a significant amount of money from rich megachurches is hard to say. The one good thing that it would surely do is to get the IRS out of the business of deciding what is or isn't a legitimate religion.
Just as Idoubtit says, IRS has nothing to do with inland, as it taxes your work overseas also.
Inland Revenue is/was a British organization, while the Internal Revenue Service is the group in the US that takes people's money.
Politics in New Zealand: A Winston win
Containing Iran: The Sunnis strike back
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Harry Reid's retirement: Republicans get their wish
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Cove Haven
3rd Annual Southern Rock Festival
Don't miss our THIRD ANNUAL Southern Rock Festival Weekend!!
Enjoy live music all weekend long! We'll have classic Southern Rock jams all day and night!! And you won't want to miss our infamous Pig Roast Picnic with awesome drink specials! This weekend is going to be bigger and better than ever. Book your weekend festival getaway today!
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The idea to this clip came us on Tango Diférente dance research 2012 at Ponderosa. Just for fun, just for refreshment.
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SS Morro Castle Ship Disaster
I just saw a segment on tv about this ship disaster...I had heard the name of the ship before, but never the story...The picture amazes me. Interesting historical chapter in cruising.
Asbury Park, NJ The SS MORRO CASTLE Disaster, Sep 1934 | GenDisasters ... Genealogy in Tragedy, Disasters, Fires, Floods
I heard of this ,possibly because I am from NY .
I lived in NJ for 15 years (still have property there actually) and I have never heard of this. Very interesting but sad. Thanks for this!
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Tank Lining
Tank Linings for Diesel, Petrol, Bio-Fuels, Ethanol and Aviation Fuel (Single & Double Skin with Environmental / Containment Monitoring)
Abfad provide two major services for our clients;
1. Specialists in the application of solvent free resins, particularly in tank repairs and corrosion protection
2. Supplying trade experienced rope access personnel for working at height in all industries.
Specialists Access, Coatings, Engineering Services
ABFAD is an innovative company who prides itself on providing solutions for clients and industries with major problems such as bio-fuel bacteria corrosion in storage tanks leading to leaks and environmental pollution. Over the years ABFAD has been in the forefront of new developments and application for instance developing patented systems and equipment / tools such as; Double Skin tank lining systems to protect storage tanks from corrosion, Underground tank access boards for safe access and egress including a working platform during refurbishment activities, Permanent magnets for stability and quality of workmanship during rope access activities.Read full profile
Tank World Expo 2015 is almost here!Abfad Ltd are exhibiting at Tank World Expo 2015 in Dubai. At the moment we are currently planning our April trip to Dubai, where we will be exhibiting at the World Tank Expo 2015. The Expo is held at the Dubai World Trade Centre on the 13th and 14th April, and Abfad... read more


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More than half of Malaysians believe their government is hiding information about missing flight MH370, according to survey results released by a news portal Monday.
According to a survey, 60 percent of Americans say they have "little or no trust in the mass media to report the news fully, accurately, and fairly".
The success of NATO offensive in Kandahar may well depend on whether Afghans can overcome their corrosive distrust of President Hamid Karzai and his government.
Decades of "partisan policing" has resulted in an "unprecedented" level of public distrust and fear of police across India, an international human rights watchdog has alleged in its latest report.
Distrust still lingers among a
majority of Muslim nations over US foreign policy and rabid
anti-Americanism persists despite recent overtures by
President Barack Obama, a new survey has indicated.
Day in Pics: 1st April
Showbiz World - April 1, 2015
Katrina Kaif's wax statue at Madame Tussauds unveiled!


text:
Rigid magnetic recording disk is lubricated by a thin coating of a fluorinated telechelic polyether polymer having at least one polar group such as --CONHCH2 CH2 OH, --COOCH3, --CONHCH2 C6 H5, and --COCF3 . The coating is surprisingly resistant to removal by commonly used cleaning agents.
1. One or a stack of spaced-apart rigid magnetic recording disks, each recording surface of which is lubricated by a very thin coating of a fluorinated telechelic polyether polymer having a backbone comprising repeating --Ca F2a --O-- units wherein a is an integer from 1 to 4, which backbone is terminated by at least one polar group, the μ2 /MW of the polymer being at least 19�10-4 Debye2 -moles/g, which coating resists removal upon cleaning the recording surfaces with isopropyl alcohol.
2. One or a stack of rigid disks as defined in claim 1, wherein at least one polar end group is selected from
wherein R is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aryl or alkaryl of 6 to 10 carbon atoms; ##STR13## wherein each of R' and R" is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, benzyl, or --R''' OH whee R''' is an alkylene group of 2 to 6 carbon atoms;
--Cb H2b OH;
--Cb H2b NR'R"; ##STR14## or
--C(OH)2 Cb F2b+1
wherein b is an integer of 1 to 4.
3. One or a stack of rigid disks as defined in claim 2 wherein said telechelic polymer is selected from ##STR15## wherein m and n are each integers.
4. One or a stack of rigid disks as defined in claim 1 wherein the Ferranti-Shirley viscosity of the fluorinated telechelic polymer is at least 20 centipoises.
5. One or a stack of rigid disks as defined in claim 1, the recording surfaces of which comprise magnetizable particles in a nonmagnetic binder matrix.
6. One or a stack of rigid disks as defined in claim 1, the recording surfaces of which are binder-free.
7. One or a stack of rigid disks as defined in claim 3 wherein m and n are so selected that the Ferranti-Shirley viscosity of said polymer is 20-2000 centiposes.
8. One or a stack of rigid disks as defined in claim 2 wherein said polymer has a number average molecular weight of at least 1000 and a Ferranti-Shirley viscosity not exceeding 2000 centiposes.
This application is a continuation-in-part of applicant's copending application Ser. No. 1,446, filed Jan. 8, 1979 now abandoned.
U.S. application Ser. No. 100,699, filed Dec. 18, 1979 (Chernega) claims a magnetic recording medium comprising a flexible backing and magnetizable layer coated with the same family of fluorinated polymer lubricants as those of the present invention.
This invention relates to the lubrication of rigid magnetic recording disks.
Disk packs, each consisting of a stack of spaced-apart rigid magnetic recording disks, have long been in widespread use as memories for electronic computers. Users have become accustomed to cleaning the recording surfaces of the disks periodically with a cloth containing isopropyl alcohol. About five years ago, a new style of disk pack began to be marketed which is called a data module. In contrast to the earlier packs wherein the heads are normally out of contact with the disks, the heads of the data module are in contact with the disks until the disks approach operating speed. This contact requires that the disks be lubricated. It is believed that the most widely used lubricants for the disks are members of a class of highly fluorinated polyethers having the repeating unit
or ##STR1## for example, polyethers such as ##STR2## where n is an integer providing a Ferranti-Shirley viscosity (hereinafter measured at 1640 sec-1) of about 75-1350 centipoises. Compare U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,778,308 (Roller) and 3,919,719 (Wright). Such polymers are available commercially from E. I. duPont de Nemours & Co. as "Krytox" 143 fluorinated oils. A preferred member of this class has been "Krytox" 143 AD which has a Ferranti-Shirley viscosity of 1322 centipoises and reportedly has a viscosity index (ASTM D2270) of 145 and an average molecular weight of about 7000. When these fluorinated polymers are used to lubricate rigid disks they tend to be removed if the disks are cleaned with isopropyl alcohol.
Some manufacturers of data modules buy prelubricated disks which may become contaminated during shipment and handling and hence need to be cleaned. If such cleaning were to remove the lubricant, the data modules would soon fall. The recording layers of the disks, which typically are thin coatings of fine magnetizable particles in a thermoset epoxy resin matrix, would prematurely wear away where contacted by the heads, and the matrix resin would gradually transfer to the heads to interfere with their flying capability.
The next generation of rigid disk equipment may employ heads which permanently remain in contact with the recording surface, in which case premature removal of the lubricant would be even more troublesome.
Highly fluorinated polyether prepolymers have been provided with polar groups which can react with other polyfunctional molecules to form polyurethanes, polyesters, polysiloxanes, polyamides or the like as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,810,874 and 4,085,137 (Mitsch et al.). The latter at column 11, lines 42-49 teaches that the same highly fluorinated prepolymers containing polar groups are also useful as lubricants, but without illustrating that use.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,097,388 (Snyder et al.) uses the same fluorinated prepolymers, except with different terminal polar groups, as lubricants for engine oils, hydraulic fluids, and greases.
The present invention concerns one or a stack of spaced-apart rigid magnetic recording disks, the recording surfaces of which are lubricated by a very thin continuous coating which provides lubrication equal to that provided by the previously preferred "Krytox" 143 AD but is not removed by commonly used cleaning agents such as isopropyl alcohol. The lubricating coating is based on highly fluorinated polymers that are chemically similar to "Krytox" 143 AD but differ by containing highly polar groups. That lubricating coating comprises a fluorinated telechelic polyether polymer having a backbone comprising --Ca F2a --O-- units where a is an integer from 1 to 4, which backbone is terminated by at least one polar group such that μ2 /MW is at least 19�10-4 Debye2 -moles/g. "Telechelic" polymers have low molecular weight and known functional terminal groups.
The dipole moment μ of the fluorinated telomer or telechelic polymer can be calculated from the Onsager Relation ##EQU1## where k=Boltzmann's Constant
T=Temperature in �K.
MW=Molecular Weight
No =Avogadro's Number
εs =Dielectric constant measured at low frequencies,
ε.sub.∞ =Dielectric constant measured at high frequencies,
where the approximation is made through Maxwell's Relations that
ε.sub.∞ =ηD 2 +(5-10%)ηD 2 ≅1.075 ηD 2
where ηD is the refractive index of the material at the sodium D line at 20� C.
The fluorinated telechelic polyether polymer preferably has a number average molecular weight of at least 1000 and a Ferranti-Shirley viscosity (measured at 1640 sec-1 and 20� C.) of at least 20 centipoise. The number average molecular weight of fluorinated telechelic polyether polymers having more than one terminal polar group per polymer molecule is preferably somewhat higher as compared to telechelic polymers having only one terminal polar group. For example, where there are two terminal polar groups per polymer molecule, the number average molecular weight preferably exceeds 1500.
Useful polar groups for the fluorinated telechelic polyethers include
wherein R is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aryl or alkaryl of 6 to 10 carbon atoms; ##STR3## wherein each of R' and R" is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, benzyl, or --R" OH where R" is an alkylene group of 2 to 6 carbon atoms;
--Cb H2b OH;
--Cb H2b NR'R"; ##STR4## or
--C(OH)2 Cb F2b+1
wherein b is an integer of 1 to 4.
Strongly acidic polar groups such as carboxylic or sulfonic acid groups are less desirable because they are potentially corrosive. This may be minimized by conversion to salts. Preferably the pKa of the telechelic polyether polymer is at least 1.0.
Preferred fluorinated telechelic polymers have the backbone --[CF2 CF2 O]m --[CF2 O]n --, where m is an integer from about 6 to 32 and n is an integer from about 12 to 52, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,810,874 and 4,085,137, or the backbone --CF(CF3)CF2 O--n or --CF2 CF(CF3)O--n, where n is an integer from about 6 to 20, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,250,808 and 3,699,145.
Such fluorinated telechelic polyethers are readily produced to have number average molecular weights within the preferred range of 1000-5000 and Ferranti-Shirley viscosities (measured at 1640-1 sec) within the preferred range of 20-2000 centipose. The fluorinated telechelic polyether polymer may also contain --CF2 CF2 -- units which increase the separation between the ether oxygens and tend to make it necessary to avoid number average molecular weights toward the high end of the preferred range of 1000-5000 mentioned above. Otherwise, the viscosity of the fluorinated telechelic polyether polymer might be too high to provide good lubrication.
Thin coatings of the fluorinated telechelic polyether polymers on rigid magnetic recording disks are highly resistant to removal by isopropyl alcohol, even to repeated vigorous scrubbing with saturated cloths. The lubricant may be applied from dilute solutions or dispersions by wiping or by any other technique such as spraying or dipping. After drying, the surface should be buffed with a dry, soft tissue to distribute the lubricant and remove any excess. The buffing changes the appearance from a slight haze to a shine. If a 5-μl drop of n-decane after 10 seconds has a diameter of about 3 mm, this indicates that a continuous coating has been applied. In the absence of any lubricant, the diameter of the drop may be about 10-12 mm.
Because it is not known how much of the lubricant has been removed by the buffing and because the coatings are thin, it is difficult to determine their thickness. Since a monomolecular layer of a fluorinated telechelic polyether polymer is believed to be on the order of 40 Angstroms in thickness, it is assumed that the coating should be at least that thickness. Electron scattering measurements suggest that thicknesses of 75 to 250 Angstroms should provide preferred results. It is believed that an unduly thick coating of a fluorinated telechelic polyether polymer can cause undue drag.
0.3 g of the highly fluorinated telechelic polymer polyether, ##STR5## where m and n are each integers providing an average molecular weight of about 2000, was dissolved in 29.7 g of CClF2 CCl2 F ("Freon" 113). The Ferranti-Shirley viscosity of this polymer was 1440 cps. While a 14-inch (35-cm) rigid magnetic recording disk was being rotated at 3600 rpm, a soft tissue saturated with the solution was wiped across its recording surface several times. Then after two minutes during which the solvent volatilized, the surface was buffed with a dry soft tissue to distribute the lubricant and remove any excess.
The recording surface of the rigid disk comprised fine acicular magnetizable iron oxide particles in a thermoset epoxy resin binder, as did those of the disks of the examples below.
To identical disks were applied other highly fluorinated polymers containing at least one highly polar group. The backbone chains of these polymers are hereinafter referred to by the following abbreviations (the first of these having been used in Example 1): ##STR6## where m and n are each integers. These lubricated disks were cleaned with isopropyl alcohol as follows:
With the disk spinning at 3600 rpm, a tissue soaked in isopropyl alcohol was pressed under full fingertip pressure against the disk for about 30 seconds while moving the tissue across the recording surface several times. Such cleaning removed the widely used "Krytox" 143 AD lubricant mentioned above, as indicated by surface tension tests. However, every fluorinated telechelic polyether polymer was resistant to such cleaning as indicated by surface tension tests using n-decane.
The effectiveness of the lubricating coatings of various fluorinated polymers was measured by the following tests.
After cleaning with isopropyl alcohol as indicated above, the disk is rotated at 120 rpm on a data module spindle, a speed at which an IBM 3348-type recording head remains in contact with the recording surface. After 24 hours at ordinary room temperature, the disk and head are then examined with the naked eye, and failure is indicated if either there is a burnished mark on the recording surface or the head has accumulated a visible residue.
During the Post-Cleaning Slide Test, the friction between the head and the recording surface is monitored periodically, and failure is indicated if more than 4.5 grams of frictional force is applied against the head, either continuously or intermittently at any time during the 24-hour period.
If in this test a value of more than 4.5 grams is observed initially, this may indicate that the coating of lubricant is too heavy, in which event the coating thickness may be reduced to an acceptable level by buffing with a dry soft tissue.
__________________________________________________________________________ TEST RESULTS Viscosity in cps. Post-Cleaning Post-CleaningExampleLubricant No. Ave. M/W (Ferranti-Shirley) Slide Test Sliding Friction__________________________________________________________________________ Test ##STR7## 2000 1440 passed passed2 Rf.sbsb.1(CO2 CH3)2 2000 35 passed passed3 Rf.sbsb.1(CH2 OH)2 4000 195 passed failed4 ##STR8## 2100 730 passed passed5 ##STR9## 2000 275 passed passed6 Rf.sbsb.1(CH2NH 2)2 800 30 passed failed7 Rf.sbsb.1(COOH)2 2000 71 passed passed8 ##STR10## 2600 125 passed passed9 Rf.sbsb.3COOH 3200 1130 passed failed10 Rf.sbsb.3CO2 CH3 3200 345 passed passed11 ##STR11## 3300 1785 passed failed12 ##STR12## 3300 2100 passed failed13 Rf.sbsb.4(COOH)2 3800 * failed failed14 Rf.sbsb.4(CH2 OH)2 3600 * failed failed15 Rf.sbsb.4(CO2 CH3)2 3400 * failed failed16 Rf.sbsb.5(CFClCF3)2 540 50 passed failed__________________________________________________________________________ *indicates too high to measure
The fluorinated polymers of Examples 1-12 had the following values (εs being measured at 100 Hz except Example 1 at 10,000 Hz and Example 11 at 1000 Hz):
______________________________________ μ2 /MWExample m n d εs ε.sub.∞ � 104______________________________________1 8 14 1.772 23.0 1.876 8092 8 14 1.721 3.70 1.815 91.83 16 28 1.814 2.55 1.805 37.64 8 14 NA NA NA NA5 8 14 NA NA NA NA6 3 5 NA NA NA NA7 8 14 NA NA NA NA8 -- 15 1.874 2.22 1.814 20.69 -- 18 1.80 2.36 1.825 27.610 -- 18 1.848 2.79 1.822 46.611 -- 18 1.90 3.68 1.843 80.212 -- 18 NA NA NA NA______________________________________ NA = not available
It is not known why the coatings of the fluorinated telechelic polyether polymers of Examples 3, 6, 9, 11 and 12 failed the Post-Cleaning Sliding Friction Test. It is believed that Example 6 failed because the number average molecular weight of the telechelic polymer was only 800. Subsequent experiments suggest that some of the coatings may have been too thin. It is believed that after moderate experimentation, each of those telechelic polymers could have provided coatings that would pass the Post-Cleaning Sliding Friction Test.
When Example 1 was repeated except that the magnetic recording disk had a binder-free recording surface of U.S. Pat. No. 3,973,072 (Anderson), both the Post-Cleaning Slide Test and the Post-Cleaning Sliding Friction Test were passed. Such a binder-free recording surface can be applied by electrodeposition, chemical reduction, electroless plating, vapor plating, evaporation or sputtering.
Patent Citations
Referenced by
Original Image


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DateThursday, October 3, 2013
Time6:00 pm - 8:00 pm
LocationBlue Star Contemporary
Related ExhibitTX★13
Future Exhibitions
- Jun 4: "Everyday is Ordinary"
- Jun 4: "Transmission "
- Jun 4: Cynthia Gregory: "Of Reference, Of Departure, Of Origin"
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- May 20:
Red Dot 2015
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Education Events
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Military, Veterans, Students with ID and Blue Star Members: Free
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116 Blue Star
San Antonio, TX 78204
Contact Blue Star staff
First Thursday
Join us at Blue Star Contemporary Art Museum on Thursday, October 3 for First Thursday and special programs:
6:00 PM: A panel discussion at Blue Star Contemporary Annex (115 Blue Star) on the Biennial featuring Texas Biennial curator-at-large Virginia Rutledge, Blue Star Contemporary Art Museum Consulting Manager Steven Evans, Texas Biennial founder Shea Little, Julia Landois and others!
7:30 PM: Performances at the Blue Star Contemporary Annex (115 Blue Star) by TX★13 artists Michael Morris and Danielle Georgiou.
116 Blue Star, San Antonio, TX 78204
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Blue Star Contemporary gratefully acknowledges major support from the City of San Antonio Department for Culture & Creative Development; The Lifshutz Family; Ann Griffith Ash; The Brown Foundation, Inc.; Charles C. Butt; Capital Group; Penelope Speier and Sonny Collins; H-E-B; Ricos Products Co., Inc.; Valero Energy Corporation; and Weston Urban. Additional essential support is provided by 1010 South Flores Lofts and 1111 Austin Highway Lofts; Argo Group; Bury, Inc.; Casa Rio & Schilo's; C.H. Guenther & Son, Inc.; Pat and Geof Edwards; Frost Bank; King William Association; Muñoz and Company; The NRP Group, LLC; Rackspace; Silver Eagle Distributors; Strasburger & Price, LLP; Texas Commission on the Arts; and the Community Partners, Members, Individual Donors, and Board of Directors of Blue Star Contemporary.
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574 Fernhill road, Mayne Island, BC
Info | Map $$
Try Wild Garlic for thoughtfully cooked, prettily presented cuisine.
2120 West Broadway, Vancouver, BC
Read Review | Map
Drop by for dinner before you hit the town.
792 Denman St, Vancouver, BC
A contemporary restaurant serving modern chinese cuisine in New Westminster's newly renovated River Market.
Suite 122-810 Quayside Dr, New Westminster, BC
Innovative East meets West fusion.
117 W. Pender St., Vancouver, BC
Read Review | Info | Map $$
Located in gastown Wildebeest has executive chef David Gunawan at the helm.
120 West Hastings Street, Vancouver, BC
Info | Map $$$
Perfect place for a steak before or after a game.
808 Beatty Street (CLOSED), Vancouver, BC
Info | Map
You just have to try these amazing wings!
4444 Main St., Vancouver, BC
Read Review | Info | Map $
Relaxing, warm atmosphere & decor, gourmet grilled sandwiches, best muffins.
200 West Esplanade, Suite 102, North Vancouver, BC
Info | Map $
Get into the zone for a good wrap.
2566 Granville Street, Vancouver,
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Food Vancouver Select Guide: 20 Best Seafood Restaurants
Whether you're looking for lobster, salmon, halibut or just fish and chips, Vancouver offers the best in dining for seafood lovers. There's no shortage of restaurants with gorgeous scenery, drop-dead views and heaping platters of the freshest catch of the day. Not sure which restaurant to pick? No problem. The Food Vancouver Select Guide just made things easier with its list of Top 20 Seafood Restaurants. All you have to do is book your table and grab the nearest menu.
Vancouver Events
The following is a list of various Vancouver food, wine, music and sporting events that occur on an annual basis: The Eat! Vancouver Food and Cooking Festival, Fraser Valley Food Show, Dine Out Vancouver, Whistler Cornucopia, Vancouver International Wine Festival, Vancouver Symphony Orchestra, Vancouver Jazz Festival, B.C. Lions Football and Vancouver Canucks Hockey.
Register now for FoodSafe Level 1 Course


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Our real estate company has kept pace, adapting to rapid growth and a changing economy while maintaining exacting standards and integrity. Please explore the resources within this website, and contact us with any questions or comments.
As active agents, we are available to address all of your real estate needs. Please give us a call or email when you are ready to visit some homes, or to schedule a free home selling consultation. we look forward to working with you!
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Get Neighborhood demographics, schools, economy etc. information.
Attention rehabbers and handyman house with lots of potential. wide lot w side drive. Newer kit w granite counter tops and island. Hardwood floors ,Spacious family room w wood burning firepplace ,would also convert nicely to master bedroom. Newer furnace and some new windows.**sold as is condition*


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Our Town
Our Town Life, Consciousness, and Existence Quotes
How we cite our quotes: Citations follow this format: (Act.Line). Every time a character talks counts as one line, even if what they say turns into a long monologue.
Quote #1
Nobody very remarkable ever come out of it, s'far as we know (I.40).
The Stage Manager emphasizes the ordinary nature of Grover's Corners. This sentence also shows that he's not completely omniscient.
Quote #2
Only it seems to me that once in your life before you die you ought to see a country where they don't talk in English and don't even want to (I.192).
Mrs. Gibbs hopes to one day explore life outside of Grover's Corners.
Quote #3
And let that be a lesson to you, George, never to ask advice on personal matters (II.152).
Mr. Webb suggests that each man's life lessons pertain specifically to his personal experience. One must live life for oneself.
People who Shmooped this also Shmooped...
The Astonishing Life of Octavian Nothing: Traitor to the Nation, Volume I: The Pox Party - Learning Guide
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Form: Sample travel sheet for veterinary practices
Vaccines, lab work, treatments, and medications—everything you do for a patient all in one place? Sign me up, says Dr. Jeff Rothstein, MBA, a Veterinary Economics Editorial Advisory Board member and president of Progressive Pet Animal Hospitals and Management Group in Michigan. For years, he's used travel sheets to track services and products used during patient visits, and he continues to refine these one-page forms.
Travel sheets are so named because they "travel" with patients and clients: from the front desk to the exam room to the treatment area and back to the front desk. They help improve communication, remind staff, and guide veterinarians in educating to clients. Everything a patient needs during a visit gets checked off, circled, and initialed.
"A travel sheet is a reminder to explain the treatment plan and the progress of an exam to the client," Dr. Rothstein says. "It's a major communication tool for clients and staff."
The travel sheet also helps the practice financially. Receptionists compare transactions listed on the travel sheet to items entered in the computer in order to catch missed charges. And a practice manager checks all the forms again at the end of every day. "You never want to call a client three weeks after the visit to say you forgot to charge for that fecal," Dr. Rothstein says.
Dr. Rothstein organizes his travel sheet according to the structure of a typical visit—first comes the exam, followed by vaccines, lab work, treatments, anesthesia, procedures, and prescribed medication.
Team members use the travel sheet during every visit from start to finish. At the front desk, receptionists circle expected care—for example, wellness exam, vaccines, heartworm test, and stool sample. Technicians and doctors add procedures and observations as necessary through a visit or hospitalization.
Dr. Rothstein has added one more innovation to his travel sheet: a carbon copy. "We take off the second sheet and give it to the receptionist to input in the computer while the team members in the back complete tasks," Dr. Rothstein says. "This saves the client time."
Click the related links below for Dr. Rothstein's most up-to-date travel sheet and more.
Hot topics on dvm360
Pol on defense as Michigan veterinary board discusses negligence charges
Controversial reality TV veterinarian calls his approach 'common sense.'
Photo gallery: The top 10 veterinary schools in America, according to U.S. News
U.S. News & World Report ranks programs for the first time since 2011.
Front Desk Disasters, Episode 3: Dude looks like a lady
Everyone's favorite receptionist is at it again. Would you handle this situation differently?
Video: Flea hideouts in the house
Parasitology expert Michael Dryden, DVM, MS, PhD, reveals prime hideouts for fleas—and gives tips to clear them out of clients' homes for good.
Veterinarians: Your clients are going to Google with these cat questions
You might be surprised by what your clients are researching. Plus, get an educational client handout.


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Waterama runs Saturday at Glenwood
The annual Glenwood Waterama 5k, 10k and Magic Mile runs will be held July 25 during Glenwood's annual Waterama celebration.
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Click here to print the obituary below
William H. Ryan Jr.
Mr. William H. Ryan, Jr. died peacefully on Tuesday, November 13th at the Emory L. Bennett Veteran's Memorial Nursing Home in Daytona Beach. Mr. Ryan was born on July 19, 1922 in Finleyson, GA to William Henry Ryan, Sr. and Mrs. Onie Ryan. When William was a young child, the Ryan family moved to Fort Myers, FL.
William attended the Lee County schools. He loved football and participated fully in sports. In 1942, he graduated from the Dunbar High School. He later enlisted in the United States
and received numerous combat awards; he reached the rank of SARGEANT as an optical height finder in the PACIFIC THEATRE DURING
World War II
. He was honorably discharged in 1946 and on April 4, 1947, married his childhood sweetheart, the beautiful Nettie Cox Hawkins. Willam enrolled in the SPECIAL SKILLS PROGRAM for new veterans at Kentucky State College, (now known as Kentucky State University), as a major in SHOE REPAIR in Frankfort, Kentucky. Mr. Ryan also loved photography and left the home filled with pictures, especially of his family. William had a "green thumb" that is, he could make anything grow especially his juicy backyard citrus fruit. He once grew pineapples sweet enough to rival Hawaii's. His flair for tending our beautiful lawn landed him the Beautification Award from the City of Daytona Beach. He was also interested in entreprenuerial and civic pursuits and was instrumental, with the support of neighbors, in getting sidewalks on his street. Mr. Ryan, before becoming a school custodian, was a Produce Manager for the Setzer Food Stores. He was a member of the New Mt. Zion Missionary Baptist Church and attended until his health began to fail. Survivors include a son, William (Fort Myers, FL); his wife of 65 years, Nettie; their children: Homer (wife, Rebecca); Alfred (wife, Barbara); Charles, Helen Miles (husband, Billy); Patricia Ikegwuonu (husband, Ike); and Laura Irvin (husband, Grady); grandchildren, Allison Ryan; Jason-Scott Ryan; Mason-Ryan Maddox; a great-grandchild, Aubrynne Cai Ryan; and his brother, Charles Ryan (wife, Rose) of San Antonio, TX; nieces and nephews, Lillian Palmer; Helen Crowley; Michael Crowley; Lisa Ryan; Lynda Ryan; Leah Ryan, and Michael Ryan. He was predeceased by his brother, Julius Ryan, sister, Lillian Crowley; granddaughter, Layla Ryan and nephew Billy Scurry. Other relatives include a cousin Inez Smith of Sanford, FL, the Jack Ryan family of Fitzgerald, GA, the James Miller's of Passaic, NJ and other relatives in Fort Myers and Miami, FL. Graveside Service will be Sat., Nov. 17 at 10:00 a.m. at Greenwood Cemetery. Visitation will be today (Friday, Nov. 16) from 5:30 - 8:00 p.m. at Herbert Thompson Funeral Home.
Published in Daytona Beach News-Journal on Nov. 16, 2012


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Fri August 10, 2012
The Last Word In Business
By editor
Originally published on Fri August 10, 2012 5:28 am
Denny's Corp. is opening a flagship restaurant in downtown Las Vegas. It will take up 6,400 square feet and include a full bar and wedding chapel. And of course, it will be open 24-7.


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New server idea "South America"
The company could create a new server for the guys from South America, Portuguese (Brazil). for we are many of the players lol. Thank you.
Yes please. It would make communicating with random teams much more forgiving.
I just made a thread about this. It's unfair to me, a player located in North America, to have to play a strategy based game with people who can't understand what I'm saying. It's also unfair to them, the South and Central American players, who can't communicate with anybody on their team and have to deal with larger pings and more lag.
indeed and we should spam forums till they put out a server for br and spanish
lol or make the game undownloadable from a spanish country haha trololoing
Agreed. I would love to play on it and share my terrible spanish with them on occassion, instead of dealing with their terrible english daily. Yo quiero tacos! Donde eres mis pantalones??? Yo quiero jamon y queso y cerveza muchos dios!!!! Entiendo? jajajajajajaja
I just want them gone because they suck...BR does not win....
1 Attachment(s)
Played with some good BR players. Though communication is iffy, but normally I find they'll listen to pings.
Am South American myself, but I play mainly on EU now. Avoid all the poor tasteless gamers infesting NA as we speak.
It's a good idea.
I'm tired to play with racist people. They talk too much and do nothing in game.
I tried to politely tell some Spanish speaking team mates that I only knew English (with the small amount of Spanish I know) but that I could communicate through pings. They told me to go kill myself.
|All times are GMT -8. The time now is 11:37 AM.
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The union between Berger Instruments to Chicago Steel Tape came when CST acquired Berger specifically for its precision optical instruments. The owner, Dennis Nardini, an Italian kid from a Chicago Heights neighborhood known as Hunger Hill, was responsible for engineering the acquisition. Years later, he would be there to announce Stanley Tool's acquisition of his Chicago ...
All posts tagged Line Lasers
CST/Berger: Today
July 10, 2012
by Tool Up on July 10, 2012 • Permalink
Posted in CST/Berger, Manufacturers, Measurement Equipment
Tagged Bosch, cst/berger, Levels, Line Lasers, Measurement Instruments, Stanley
Posted by Tool Up on July 10, 2012
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- News tagged "gaming"
Saturday, 9 Jun 2012
Gigabyte Shows Off New Aivia Keyboard, Mouse & Skyvision at Computex 2012
Apart from the usual motherboards, graphics cards and notebooks, Gigabyte also has a showcase of other peripherals such as gaming keyboards and mice and a new wireless HD video kit.
ASUS Maximus V Extreme - An ROG Mobo with 5 PEG Slots and Thunderbolt Support
If you thought the Maximus V Formula was awesome, then the Extreme takes things over the top. This ROG (Republic of Gamers) motherboard comes with the most number of options for connectivity and expansion (five PEG slots). It is also the first ROG motherboard equipped with a Thunderbolt port. We detail more comparison notes.
Friday, 8 Jun 2012
New Mobile Game Titles at TegraZone Utilize Power of Tegra 3
Good news for Tegra 3 based tablet and smartphone owners as five new titles are designed to take advantage of Tegra 3's unique 4-PLUS-1 quad-core architecture to deliver exceptional graphics and smooth game play.
Thursday, 7 Jun 2012
ASUS Mars III Graphics Card Sighted! (Updated)
Although NVIDIA controls the design and availability of the GeForce GTX 690, ASUS skirted around this with the successor to the powerful Mars II. The new Mars III made an appearance at Computex 2012 boasting dual GeForce GTX 680 GPUs (which is essentially a GTX 690), but with full custom design and a sizable 8GB video memory!
Genius Shows Off New Toys at Computex 2012
Genius has an extensive range of products that includes just about anything you can think of, but it was their new GX Gaming Series, Ring Presenter and PenSketch M912 that caught our attention at this year's Computex.
Hands On with Ducky's Limited Edition Year of the Dragon Keyboard at Computex 2012
We love mechanical keyboards because they just feel so much more pleasant to type on, so we just had to check out Ducky's limited edition Year of the Dragon keyboard at Computex 2012.
Corsair's New Neutron SSD, Digital PSU, Memory and Hardware Accessories
While Corsair has a fairly wide product refresh this time at Computex, their key highlights are its new Neutron series SSD units, the AX1200i digital ATX PSU and the Dominator Platinum memory. Read on to to get a quick update.
Plantronics Unveils Its BackBeat Go and GameCom 780
Plantronics announces its BackBeat Go wireless earbuds built for use with smartphones, tablets, and MP3 players, as well as its GameCom 780 USB gaming headset, which comes with 40mm speakers and a noise-canceling mic that eradicates background noise.
Wednesday, 6 Jun 2012
Razer Taipan Ambidextrous Gaming Mouse Unleashed
Powered by Razer's new 8200 dpi 4G Dual Sensor System, the Razer Taipan incorporates Z-axis tracking, and liftoff cutoff customization to ensure that aim is precise. Also, its symmetrical shape with narrow footprint and arched back as well as its optimal grip profile has been tweaked to suit a wide variety of players.
ASUS ROG Team Launches the Maximus V Formula Gaming Motherboard (Updated with Video)
Based on the Intel Z77 Chipset, the ROG Maximus V Formula Gaming motherboard supports both second and third gen Intel Core processors, and employs Fusion Thermo, an exclusive dual configuration which provides both air and water cooling. SupremeFX IV audio and GameFirst II further add-on to the board's impressive feature list.


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The Vermont Association for Justice (VTAJ) recently hosted its Cornerstone Stories Project, a day of inspirational speakers featuring AAJ member Joel Feldman, the founder of End Distracted Driving. Also speaking were Gov. Peter Shumlin, former Gov. Madeleine Kunin, Chittenden County State's Attorney, authors, and business leaders.
The speakers shared how they overcame challenges and repeated failures, and how they persevered and became successful, often against all odds.
Thank you, VTAJ, for hosting this exceptional event, providing inspiration to adults and students in attendance, and for donating the modest admission fee to a charity. And thank you, Joel Feldman for sharing your post about the event.
Read Joel's summary here.
Posted on September 19, 2014 at 5:57 pm in Community Outreach, General by kloiacono - RSS 2.0


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School of Education & Human Services
Undergraduate Programs
Professors at Mount St. Mary's are committed to student success.
The School of Education and Human Services offers undergraduate programs in education, criminal justice and sociology that integrate with the liberal arts through our Veritas program. Our students become competent in their core field and develop analytic and critical skills toward assuming leadership roles and advocacy for social justice.
Each program offers opportunities for internships, experiential learning and one-on-one support from our professors. Our professors bring not only academic expertise but also clinical experience to classroom teaching, advising and fieldwork.
The school proudly boasts national accreditation for our education programs through NCATE.
Contact Us
School of Education and Human Services
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Phone: (301) 447 5371


text:
Bug #176
assertion failed: kept_info, file: ../../common/os/sunpm.c, line: 5219
|Start date:
|Due date:
|Garrett D'Amore
|% Done:
|Target version:
|Estimated time:
|2.00 hours
This is from 6956016, and I just hit it on my Thinkpad with illumos. Notably, I don't see this problem under b145. So something is different.
When I boot the resulting BE on a Lenovo ThinkPad T61, it panics with an assertion failure:
assertion failed: kept_info, file: ../../common/os/sunpm.c, line: 5219
ffffff0005d6d800 genunix:assfail+7e ()
ffffff0005d6d880 genunix:pm_set_keeping+374 ()
ffffff0005d6d8e0 genunix:pm_kept+393 ()
ffffff0005d6d910 genunix:pm_kept_walk+3b ()
ffffff0005d6d980 genunix:walk_devs+4f ()
ffffff0005d6d9f0 genunix:walk_devs+ff ()
ffffff0005d6da60 genunix:walk_devs+ff ()
ffffff0005d6dad0 genunix:walk_devs+ff ()
ffffff0005d6db40 genunix:walk_devs+ff ()
ffffff0005d6db90 genunix:ddi_walk_devs+7f ()
ffffff0005d6dbc0 genunix:pm_process_dep_request+231 ()
ffffff0005d6dc20 genunix:pm_dep_thread+116 ()
ffffff0005d6dc30 unix:thread_start+8 ()
Steps to Reproduce
Build ON as described above, create new BE and boot that.
Expected Result
Actual Result
Assertion failure.
Error Message(s)
Test Case
Additional configuration information
I've just built ON as of changeset 7bae494c02d3 with debug closed and crypto
binaries as of 20100522 and upgraded from the current BE running snv_134 using
I'm marking incomplete - no one has reported (SunSolve search) and issue
seen with non-ON submitter built bits. Hopefully submitter will investigate
further soon and provide more info and core file. See
for all pm_debug flags.
(excerpt from on-discuss)
-------- Original Message --------
Subject: Re: [on-discuss] Assertion failure in sunpm.c booting snv_142+ on
Date: Fri, 28 May 2010 00:08:19 +0200
Randy Fishel < firstname.lastname@example.com> writes:
This is part of the PM dependency check (don't PM components that are required by some other component). To get more info, in mdb (at boot) set:
This will likely generate a lot of information, but make sure to add at least the last several lines to the CR.
Unfortunately, it didn't: at first I only got the message
pm debug output will be to log only
and nothing in ::msgbuf output. Even after I set pm_debug_to_console to
1, nothing either (provided it didn't scroll away too fast).
Please note that I won't be able to investigate further before wednesday
next week since I'm going to be away for an extended weekend.
Workaround from bugs.opensolaris.org:
The most likely scenario for this assertion to occur is that there is a device dependency on the removable-media property. So commenting ot the line in /etc/power.conf:
device-dependency-property removable-media /dev/fb
will likely keep the offending driver quiet.
Non-debug builds seem to work fine.
Updated by Garrett D'Amore over 4 years ago
- Category set to kernel
- Status changed from New to In Progress
- Assignee set to Garrett D'Amore
- % Done changed from 0 to 50
- Estimated time set to 2.00
I'm about 99% sure the problem is that some devices (such as blkdev) are being treated as "power manageable", but lack suitable power(9e) entry points. (In fact, I'm about 99% sure the problem is tied to blkdev... it exposes SDcard slots as removable media, and the framework then decides that these ought to be pm capable devices. I have some corroborating e-mail from Randy F. from about 3 or 4 months ago.)
Essentially, blkdev (or other devices) cannot be "kept up" by another device if they don't support device power management.
Rather than fix blkdev (which we should also do separately), we should just provide an escape hatch to refuse the set_keeping call if the kept device isn't itself power manageable. (We already do that for "keeping" devices.)
The diff looks like this:
1 diff -r e072bd4baed8 usr/src/uts/common/os/sunpm.c
2 --- a/usr/src/uts/common/os/sunpm.c Mon Oct 11 16:24:58 2010 -0700
3 +++ b/usr/src/uts/common/os/sunpm.c Tue Oct 12 23:43:33 2010 -0700
4 @@ -5196,7 +5196,6 @@
5 pm_set_keeping(dev_info_t *keeper, dev_info_t *kept)
6 {
7 PMD_FUNC(pmf, "set_keeping")
8 - pm_info_t *kept_info;
9 int j, up = 0, circ;
10 void prdeps(char *);
12 @@ -5215,8 +5214,15 @@
13 "power managed\n", pmf, PM_DEVICE(keeper)))
14 return (0);
15 }
16 - kept_info = PM_GET_PM_INFO(kept);
17 - ASSERT(kept_info);
18 + if (PM_GET_PM_INFO(kept) == NULL) {
19 + cmn_err(CE_CONT, "!device %s@%s(%s#%d) keeps up device "
20 + "%s@%s(%s#%d), but the latter is not power managed",
21 + PM_DEVICE(keeper), PM_DEVICE(kept));
22 + PMD((PMD_FAIL | PMD_KEEPS), ("%s: kept %s@%s(%s#%d) is not"
23 + "power managed\n", pmf, PM_DEVICE(kept)))
24 + return (0);
25 + }
26 +
27 PM_LOCK_POWER(keeper, &circ);
28 for (j = 0; j < PM_NUMCMPTS(keeper); j++) {
29 if (PM_CURPOWER(keeper, j)) {
Updated by Garrett D'Amore over 4 years ago
- Status changed from In Progress to Resolved
I just integrated this change.


text:
Just In! Amanda Bynes's Legs Are Covered
What the hell is all this? Amanda Bynes decides to cover up her legs with a pair of skinny jeans? Doesn't she read my f@#king blog? She's right in the middle of a Hollywood Tuna battle of the jobless nobody's sexy long legs contest with Lauren Conrad and this is how she responds. I'm very disappointed in her. The least she could have done was flash a little ass our way, something. This is like wearing a sweater to a wet T shirt contest. Related Articles: Amanda Amanda Bynes' Legs Need A Job Amanda Bynes For Leg Lovers Amanda Bynes Is Hot In Pink Amanda Bynes' Got Just Enough Talent Photos: PacificCoastNews
I Can See Kendall Jenner Boobs, Bless You Haute Couture
Kylie Jenner's Dirty Mouth Is Trouble
Super Hot Babs Getting Undressed
Underboob Underboob Underboob!!!


text:
Boy Scout Project Honors Fallen DPS Troopers With Permanent Memorial
A North Texas Boy Scout unveiled a moving memorial for two fallen DPS troopers, which now sits in a permanent place outside the DPS office.
6 Suspects Held In Connection With Ellis County Murder
Six suspects are in custody in connection with what investigators believe is a gang-related homicide of a 21-year-old man in rural Ellis County last week.
Renaissance Festival Takes You Back In Time
It's the time of year when North Texans travel way back in time to celebrate the Scarborough Renaissance Festival in Waxahachie. The event offers a lot to see, hear and taste.
Statue Of Ex-Navy SEAL Chris Kyle Arrives in North Texas
Even before North Texan and Navy SEAL Chris Kyle was killed at a gun range while trying to help a fellow veteran, sculptor Gregory Marra was already working on a statue that would one day honor him.
Man Sentenced For Robbing Waxahachie Bank
A 19-year-old Dallas man has been sentenced to three years in prison for robbing a Waxahachie bank after failing to withdraw cash from his account in January.
The Texas Country Reporter Festival
Bob Phillips is an icon across Texas, and he was in Waxahachie for the 17th annual Texas Country Reporter Festival.
Suspect Charged In Waxahachie Officer Death
A 24-year-old from Venus sits in an Ellis County jail, charged with killing a police officer while drunk Saturday night.
Waxahachie Officer Killed By Drunk Driver
Waxahachie police officer's death marks the second law enforcement death this week blamed on a drunk driver.
Waxahachie Police Officer Killed While On Duty
An officer from the Waxahachie Police Department was killed while driving towards a disturbance call Saturday morning.
Lightning Sparks House Fires In Waxahachie
Lightning is being blamed for three house fires in Waxahachie. The fires started at about 7:00 p.m. on Monday night, just as storms starting rolling through the area.
Ellis County Deputy Gets Shot By Pellet Gun
Two teenagers have been arrested after allegedly shooting an Ellis County Sheriff's Deputy with a pellet gun on Monday night, just north of Waxahachie.
A 64-year-old former Waxahachie attorney who fled the country in 2007 after pleading guilty to child sex crimes was resentenced Wednesday to life in prison, Ellis County spokeswoman Diana Buckley said.