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Improved precursors for use in chemical vapor deposition of thin films of titanium-based materials are provided, which are either 5- or 6-coordinate and thus sterically saturated and protected from attack of the coreactant in the gas phase. Specific precursors have the formula Ti[N(R1)(R2)]x [(R3)N--C(R4)(R5)--C(R6)(R7)--N(R8)(R9)]y wherein each of R1, R2, R3, R8 and R9 are (C1 -C4) alkyl, each of R4, R5, R6, and R7 are each H or (C1 -C4) alkyl and x and y are 1-3. The thin films produced include titanium nitride and amorphous titanium-silicon-nitride.
1. A compound of formula (I):
Ti[N(R1)(R2)]x [(R3)N--C(R4)(R5)--C(R6)(R7)--N(R8)(R9)]y
(a) each of R1, R2, R3, R8 and R9 are (C1 -C4) alkyl;
(b) each of R4, R5, R6, and R7 are each H or (C1 -C4) alkyl; and
(c) each of x and y are 1-3.
2. The compound of claim 1 wherein R4, R5, R6, and R7 are each H and wherein R1, R2, R3, R8 and R9 are (C1 -C4) alkyl.
3. The compound of claim 2 wherein R1, R2, R3, R8 and R9 are each CH3.
4. The compound of claim 3 wherein x is 2 and y is 2.
5. The compound of claim 3 wherein x is 3 and y is 1.
6. A compound of formula (I)
Ti[N(R1)(R2)]x [(R3)N--C(R4)(R5)--C(R6)(R7)--N(R8)(R9)]y
(a) each of R1, R2, R3, R8 and R9 are (C1 -C4) alkyl;
(b) cash of R4, R5, R6, and R7 are each H or (C1 -C4) alkyl;
(c) each of x and y are 1-3; and
(d) wherein, optionally, the carbon chain of each (C1 -C4) alkyl is interrupted by 1-3N, non-peroxide O, Si or mixtures thereof.
Titanium nitride (TiN) is a technologically important transition metal nitride. Hoffman, Polyhedron, 13, 1169 (1994). It is a better electrical conductor than is titanium metal and its optical properties resemble those of gold. Toth, Transition Metal Carbides and Nitrides, J. L. Margrave, ed., vol. 7, Academic Press, New York (1971). Titanium nitride is also harder than all elemental metals and sapphire and almost as hard as diamond, having a melting point of about 3000� C. Additionally, TiN is a low temperature superconductor.
TiN films have many potential applications because of their unique combination of properties. Fix et al., Chem. Mater., 5, 614 (1993). They are used, for example, as wear-resistant, friction-reducing coatings on machine tools and as gold-colored decorative coatings. Their optical properties also make them useful as wavelength selective transparent films, and in particular as solar control coatings on windows in warm weather climates. In microelectric devices, TiN films can be used a low resistance contacts and as diffusion barriers in interconnect metallization schemes.
Inorganic thin films such as TiN are commonly prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). In CVD, a heat decomposable volatile compound (often an organometallic compound), or "precursor", is contacted with a substrate which has been heated to a temperature above the decomposition temperature of the compound. A coating forms on the substrate which may be a metal, metal mixture or alloy, ceramic, metal compound or mixture thereof, depending on the choice of precursor and reaction conditions. Optionally, a volatile reactant gas is employed alone or as a part of the carrier gas to adjust the composition of the final coating. The desirable characteristics of CVD as a thin film formation method include its ability to produce a thin film with good step coverage on a substrate having projections, the ability to readily control the composition of the thin film, and the ability to form a thin film without contamination of, or damage to, the substrate.
However, known CVD processes for manufacturing TiN films suffer many limitations, primarily due to the precursors employed. For example, although it is feasible to carry out CVD employing metalorganic precursors (e.g., dialkylamino-derivatives of titanium [Ti(NR2)4 ]) to produce TiN films, the carbon content of the resulting TiN film is typically unacceptably high. This problem can be overcome with the use of ammonia in the carrier gas, but this in turn creates problems with gas phase prereactions, with the consequence that the resulting films have poor conformality. Therefore, a need exists for an improved titanium precursor to be used in a CVD process for manufacturing TiN films.
The present invention provides a novel precursor for use in the chemical vapor deposition of TiN or amorphous Ti-Si-N films. The precursor of the present invention is preferably a 5- or 6-coordinate dialkylamino complex of titanium of the general formula (I):
Ti[N(R1)(R2)]x [(R3)N--C(R4)(R5)--C(R6)(R7)--N(R8)(R9)]y (I)
wherein each of R1, R2, R3, R8 and R9 are (C1 -C4) alkyl, and R4, R5, R6, and R7 are each H or (C1 -C4) alkyl; and wherein x and y are each 1-3. More preferably, the precursors have the formula (II):
Ti[N(R1)(R2)]x [(R3)NCH2 CH2 N(R8)(R9)]y (II)
wherein R1, R2, R3, R8, R9, x and y are as previously defined. Most preferably, the precursor is either bis(dimethylamino)-bis(N,N,N'-trimethylethylenediamino)titanium, i.e., each of R1, R2, R3, R8 and R9 are each CH3, x is 2 and y is 2 (a six-coordinate complex) or tris(dimethylamino)-mono((N,N,N'-trimethylethylenediamino)titanium, i.e., each of R1, R2, R3, R8 and R9 are each CH3, x is 3 and y is 1 (a five-coordinate species). As used herein, with respect to the compounds of formula (I) or formula (II), the term "alkyl" includes branched or straight-chain alkyl, optionally comprising 1-2 double bonds and wherein, optionally, the carbon chain is interrupted by 1-3, preferably by about 1-2N, non-peroxide O, Si or mixtures thereof, e.g., by N(R4) or Si(R4)2. In the complexes of formula I or II, the diamino ligand can act as a mono- or bi-functional chelator, preferably, it acts as a bifunctional chelator of titanium, i.e., y is 1-2. Preferably, the precursors are liquids or volatile solids. The precursors of the present invention are suitable for ultralarge scale integrated (ULSI) circuit applications, in which gas-phase prereaction of gases is limited by use of precursor complexes of titanium specifically engineered to inhibit reactivity with other gas phase molecules.
The synthetic procedure followed to synthesize a preferred precursor of the present invention is outlined in Scheme (1) below, and yields tris(dimethylamino)-mono((N,N,N'-trimethylethylenediamino)titanium in good yields:
Ti[N(CH3)2 ]4 +CH3 (H)NCH2 CH2 N(CH3)2 →Ti[N(CH3)2 ]2 [CH3 NCH2 CH2 N(CH3)2 ] (1)
The process used to deposit the compounds of the present invention is disclosed in the co-pending, commonly-assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/764,858, filed Dec. 13, 1996, which is a divisional application U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/600,780, filed Feb. 9, 1996, now allowed.
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a chemical vapor deposition apparatus useful in the utilization of the precursors of the present invention.
Applicant has made the surprising discovery that by sterically saturating the metal center of a titanium precursor molecule, i.e., by making it either 5- or 6-coordinate, precoordination of a reactant gas, such as ammonia, is inhibited.
The present invention is thus directed to improved precursors for use in the chemical vapor deposition of titanium-containing thin films.
A. Chemical Vapor Deposition
This invention broadly relates to novel precursors for use in the CVD method of preparing TiN films, which when used in the CVD process, result in the deposition of high quality TiN films, at low temperature on a wide variety of substrates. As described by C. E. Morosanu in "Thin Films by Chemical Vapor Deposition," Elsevier, N.Y. (1990) at pages 42-54, CVD is classified into various types in accordance with the heating method, gas pressure, and/or chemical reaction. For example, conventional CVD methods include (a) cold wall type CVD, in which only a deposition substrate is heated; (b) hot wall type CVD, in which an entire reaction chamber is heated; (c) atmospheric CVD, in which reaction occurs at a pressure of about one atmosphere; (d) low-pressure CVD in which reaction occurs at pressures from about 10-1 to 100 torr; (e) electron-beam assisted CVD and ion-beam assisted CVD in which the energy from an electron-beam or an ion-beam directed towards the substrate provides the energy for decomposition of the precursor; (f) plasma assisted CVD and photo-assisted CVD in which the energy from a plasma or a light source activates the precursor to allow depositions at reduced substrate temperatures; and (g) laser assisted CVD wherein laser light is used to heat the substrate or to effect photolytic reactions in the precursor gas.
The laser CVD method is thoroughly discussed by I. P. Herman, Chemical Reviews., 89, 1323 (1989). Pyrolytic depositions are discussed on pages 1346-8 and photolytic depositions are discussed on pages 1348-9 of this review. An example of ion-beam assisted CVD is found in U.S. Pat. No. 4,876,112. An example of photo-assisted CVD is found in U.S. Pat. No. 5,005,519. An example of laser assisted CVD is found in U.S. Pat. No. 4,340,617. An example of electron-beam assisted CVD is found in U.S. Pat. No. 4,713,258. An example of plasma assisted CVD is found in U.S. Pat. No. 4,721,631. Examples of low pressure CVD and hot wall CVD are found in U.S. Pat. No. 4,923,717. An example of atmospheric CVD is found in U.S. Pat. No. 5,022,905. Examples of low pressure CVD and cold wall CVD are found in U.S. Pat. No. 4,868,005. Heating of substrates in a cold wall CVD reactor may be accomplished by several methods including the use of hot stages or induction heating.
Broadly, thermal CVD includes any type of apparatus in which the substrate and/or the gaseous precursor is heated and could include standard thermal reactors such as cold wall/hot substrate reactors and hot wall type reactors, as well as radiation beam reactors in which a beam (such as a laser beam) is used to heat the substrate and/or to decompose gaseous precursor.
B. The CVD Process
In a typical CVD process, the substrate on which deposition is to occur is placed in a reaction chamber, and is heated to a temperature sufficient to cause the decomposition of vapors of the precursor complex. When these vapors are introduced into the reaction chamber and transported to the vicinity of the substrate, they will decompose thereon to deposit a film containing the metal, and selected elements from the precursor or reactant gas.
In a thermal reactor CVD system, it is preferable that the decomposition reaction occur at the substrate, and for this reason it is preferable to heat the substrate to a temperature in excess of the decomposition temperature of the precursor. In a radiation beam induced CVD technique, the radiation (such as an ion beam) is preferably used to heat the substrate so that decomposition of the precursor occurs at the substrate.
These CVD processes can be used to provide blanket deposition of titanium nitride films on substrates, as well as to provide deposition of these films on selected areas of the substrate, i.e., by use of a masking material, such as a resist material. Additionally, selected area depositions may be accomplished by energy beam assisted CVD where a beam of energy, such as an ion beam selectively heats small portions of the substrate.
Any CVD apparatus design may be used when depositing TiN films from the precursors of the present invention including hot wall reactors, cold wall reactors, radiation beam assisted reactors, plasma assisted reactors, and the like. For blanket depositions, a cold wall-hot substrate reactor may sometimes be preferred as this design is efficient in regards to precursor consumption. For selected area depositions, a radiation beam assisted reactor may be preferred as the radiation beam may be used to "write" metal containing films onto small areas of the substrate.
As described in Example 3, hereinbelow, the growth of TiN films is conducted with an inert carrier gas, e.g., helium, argon and a reactant gas such as ammonia, nitrogen trifluoride or hydrazine optionally mixed with one or more of hydrogen, nitrogen, argon or helium, under 0.01-10.0 torr in a standard CVD reactor. Such a reactor is depicted in FIG. 1.
As shown in FIG. 1, the precursor is contained in a reservoir (1) at one end of a reaction chamber (2). The precursor is exposed to a vacuum by opening a valve (8). The vacuum can be provided by a suitable vacuum pump (7) and/or forepump (10) (with exhaust means (13)) positioned at the opposite end of the reaction chamber (2). The precursor is vaporized and carried to the reaction chamber (2) using a carrier gas (12), which is bubbled through the precursor. The precursor vapor then passes through warmed connecting lines (5) into a reaction chamber (2) that contains one or more units of the substrate (3). The substrate, e.g., wafers of Si<100>, are preferably held in horizontal position on top of a heater (4). Preferably, the heater (4) maintains the temperature of the substrate (3) at about 200�-800� C. during the deposition process, most preferably at about 300�-400� C. The system also includes a reservoir containing the reactant gas (6). The precursor vapor stream and a reactant gas are combined either prior to (i.e., in the connecting lines (5)) or inside the reaction chamber (2). The combined vapor stream is then delivered into the reaction chamber (2) through a showerhead (9) where the heat of the substrate (3) is sufficient to decompose the precursor vapor so as to deposit a Ti-containing film. The system may further comprise auxiliary pumps (11).
Generally, vacuum systems are used for CVD of titanium-containing films. There is no criticality with respect to the pressure in the system, operating pressures of 1 to 100 mtorr have been used in the absence of carrier gas and higher or lower pressures are also acceptable, i.e., up to about atmospheric pressure. These pressures are largely determined by the pumping speed of the vacuum equipment, the vapor pressure of the precursor complex, and inert carrier gases can be added to increase the total pressure.
It is often desirable to use a carrier gas in a CVD process, which is passed through or over a solid or liquid precursor. In this case, an inert carrier gas is used, e.g., argon or helium. The vapor stream comprising the precursor and the inert carrier gas is then mixed, either in the transfer lines or in the reaction chamber, with a reactant gas such as ammonia, nitrogen, hydrazine, hydrogen, water, nitrogen trifluoride, silane, hydrogen sulfide, and the like. When carrier gases are used pressures may range from about 0.01 torr to about 760 torr (atmospheric pressure) and are more typically in the range of 0.1 to 300 torr. However, these pressures do not appear to be highly critical to the deposition of the films.
The precursor is generally maintained at a constant temperature during the vaporization process for ease of handling; however, this is not critical. the temperature is generally below the respective decomposition temperature, but at a temperature such that it is sufficiently capable of being volatilized in the process of chemical vapor deposition.
C. Substrates
Any type of substrate can be used in CVD, including metals, graphite, semiconductors, insulators, ceramics and the like as long as the substrate is not substantially deteriorated under the deposition conditions. Furthermore, suitable substrates may have one or more deposit layers already present. Such substrates include, but are not limited to, silicon, tin oxide, gallium arsenide (GaAs), silica, glass, alumina, zirconia, as well as polyimide, polymethyl-methacrylate, polystyrene and other synthetic polymers. More specifically, substrates useful for electronic device applications include Si<100>, Si<311>, Si<111>, Si<110>, GaAs<110>, GaAs<111> and GaAs<311>. Prior to initiating CVD, the substrates, such as Si<100> wafers, can be pre-cleaned by the standard means of sequential soaking in baths of tetrachloroethane, methanol, distilled water, dilute hydrofluoric acid, and distilled water.
CVD can be used to deposit metals on either planar substrate surfaces or as continuous layers into recesses, trenches, and vias, and over stepped surfaces, such as those which are topologically microstructured. The substrate can be of any desired shape, either regular or irregular. Thus, the substrate can be a rectangular solid or other solid characterized by flat exterior surfaces. Cylindrical surfaces, such as rods and wires, can also be coated according to this invention. Spherical surfaces and other curves surfaces can also be coated. The substrate can even be particulate and/or be hollow, as for example, a tube or a hollow or porous sphere or irregular particle having openings to the exterior.
D. The Precursors of the Present Invention
The present invention recognizes that conformal TiN or TiSiN films can be achieved only if film deposition rates are limited by the reaction rate rather than the rate of delivery of the reactants. This prerequisite requires that a relatively low substrate temperature and a controlled rate of reaction of the reactant gas and the titanium-containing precursor be employed. The precursors of the present invention have thus been specifically engineered to inhibit their reactivity with the reactant gas. Specifically, the precursors of the present invention contain 5- or 6-coordinate molecular species of titanium which are sterically saturated and thus, protected from attack in the gas phase. By virtue of this specifically engineered property, the precursors of the present invention will have activation energies which can only be reached at the substrate surface, allowing the deposition process to proceed at the desired rate.
Specifically, the precursors of the present invention are of the general formula Ti[N(R1)(R2)]x [(R3)N--C(R4)(R5)--C(R6)(R7)--N(R8)(R9)]y wherein each of R1, R2, R3, R8 and R9 are (C1 --C4) alkyl, each of R4, R5, R6, and R7 are each H or (C1 -C4) alkyl and x and y are each 1-3. Preferred precursors useful for the deposition of TiN include bis(dimethylamino)-bis-(N,N,N'-trimethylethylenediamino)titanium, i.e., each of R1, R2, R3, R8 and R9 are each CH3, x is 2 and y is 2 and tris(dimethylamino)-mono((N,N,N'-trimethylethylenediamino)titanium, i.e., each of R1, R2, R3, R8 and R9 are each CH3, x is 3 and y is 1.
The examples hereinbelow describe preparation of a preferred precursor complex. The volatility of the precursor produced in Examples 1-2 indicates that the material is suitable for chemical vapor deposition of titanium-based thin films in ULSI applications. The specific precursor compound produced is likely to be the most volatile of the any of the compounds of the class. It is believed that this specific compound can be used for chemical vapor deposition of titanium-based materials such as (but not limited to) titanium nitride and titanium silicide. Also, use of the compounds should reduce difficulties in gas phase prereaction between silane and Ti(NR2)4 complexes when amorphous titanium-silicon-nitrogen (Ti--Si--N) diffusion barrier layers are employed for aluminum and copper metallizations. In either case, process knowledge currently within the skill of the art may be employed to design a complete chemical vapor deposition process using the compounds produced in the examples hereinbelow. Specifically, Example 3 hereinbelow demonstrates that the precursors of the present invention have a blend of physical and chemical properties that render them highly useful as liquid precursors for titanium nitride films in chemical vapor deposition processes.
The invention will be further described by reference to the following detailed examples.
A Schlenk flask was dried and purged with argon, then charged with 10.0 ml (9.6 g, 0.043 mol) of TDMAT that had been cooled in an ice bath. To this, 10.88 ml of N,N,N-trimethylethylenediamine was added dropwise. The mixture became orange-red slowly and was stirred overnight. The next day, a miniature distillation apparatus was attached and distillation begun. The first fraction was collected at approximately 40� C. and 90 mTorr and was identified to be a few milliliters of TDMAT. The next fraction was a red compound collected between 80�-95� C. One week later, the red compound was further purified by distilling off any remaining TDMAT. A sample was analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance by a commercial laboratory and confirmed to be essentially pure Ti[N(CH3)2 ]3 [(CH3)NCH2 CH2 N(CH3)2 ].
A dry, argon-purged vessel was charged with 10.0 mL (9.6 g, 0.043 mol) of tetrakis(dimethylamino)-titanium (TDMAT). To this was added 10.88 mL (0.086 mol) of N,N,N'-trimethylethylenediamine (Aldrich Chemical Co.). The mixture became darker orange during the addition.
After 72 hours the crude mixture was distilled at reduced pressure under an argon atmosphere. The first fraction was taken off at 30� C. (60 mtorr) corresponding to the boiling point of TDMAT.
A second, major fraction was taken off at 94� C. (75 mtorr), and found to be a dark red compound which crystallized at room temperature, but readily melted above 30� C. This second fraction was distilled a second time, withdrawing the fraction which came off between 90� and 94� C. (65 mtorr). The compound was identified by its NMR spectrum (Spectral Data Services Inc., Champaign, Ill.) in benzene-d6 : 3.16 ppm (s, 18H), 1.95 ppm (s, 6H), 3.20 ppm (s, 3H), 3.12 ppm (tr, 2H), 2.50 ppm (tr, 2H). Integration of the peaks was consistent with the formulation Ti[N(CH3)2 ]3 [N(CH3)CH2 CH2 N(CH3)2 ].
A reservoir was charged with tris(dimethylamino) (N,N,N'-trimethyl ethylenediamino)titanium and maintained at 50� C. The vapor was delivered to the reaction chamber using a carrier gas (helium at 5 sccm) bubbled through the precursor. The lines connecting the reservoir to the reaction chamber were warmed to 60� C. The substrate (1"�1.5" silicon wafer with silicon oxide deposited on it or a portion of processed wafer with 5:1 aspect ratio contact holes) was maintained at 350� C. (measured by a thermocouple in contact with the substrate surface) inside the reaction chamber, which was held at a pressure of 0.5 torr. A reactant gas mixture containing 50 sccm N2 and 50 sccm ammonia was introduced to the precursor vapor, upstream of the reaction chamber. The precursor vapor was delivered for 2.5 minutes.
The final TiN growth rate was determined to be 3.5 angstroms per second. The mean thickness was determined to be 520 angstroms using a Tencor P-1 Long Scan proffer. The sheet resistance was found to have a mean value of 1800 microohm-cm using a Prometrix Omnimap RS-50e. XPS was used to determine the composition of the film, which was 48 atom % titanium, 32 atom % nitrogen, 5 atom % carbon and 15 atom % oxygen. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to determine step coverage for a 2 micron�0.4 micron contact hole (5:1 aspect ratio). The ratio of coverage on the lower sidewall to that on the upper sidewall was 80%.
All patents and publications are incorporated by reference herein, as though individually incorporated by reference. While only certain preferred embodiments of this invention have been shown and described by way of illustration, many modifications will occur to those skilled in the art and it is, therefore, desired that it be understood that this is intended herein to cover all such modifications that fall within the spirit and scope of this invention.
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- Introduction
- Land
- People
- Economy
- Government and society
- Cultural life
- History
- India from the Paleolithic Period to the decline of the Indus civilization
- The development of Indian civilization from c. 1500 bce to c. 1200 ce
- The early Muslim period
- The Mughal Empire, 1526–1761
- Regional states, c. 1700–1850
- India and European expansion, c. 1500–1858
- British imperial power, 1858–1947
- The Republic of India
- Pre-Mughal Indian dynasties
- Prime ministers of India
Clothing for most Indians is also quite simple and typically untailored. Men (especially in rural areas) frequently wear little more than a broadcloth dhoti, worn as a loose skirtlike loincloth, or, in parts of the south and east, the tighter wraparound lungi. In both cases the body remains bare above the waist, except in cooler weather, when a shawl also may be worn, or in hot weather, when the head may be protected by a turban. The more-affluent and higher-caste men are likely to wear a tailored shirt, increasingly of Western style. Muslims, Sikhs, and urban dwellers generally are more inclined to wear tailored clothing, including various types of trousers, jackets, and vests.
Although throughout most of India women wear saris and short blouses, the way in which a sari is wrapped varies greatly from one region to another. In Punjab, as well as among older female students and many city dwellers, the characteristic dress is the shalwar-kamiz, a combination of pajama-like trousers and a long-tailed shirt (saris being reserved for special occasions). Billowing ankle-length skirts and blouses are the typical female dress of Rajasthan and parts of Gujarat. Most rural Indians, especially females, do not wear shoes and, when footwear is necessary, prefer sandals.
The modes of dress of tribal Indians are exceedingly varied and can be, as among certain Naga groups, quite ornate. Throughout India, however, Western dress is increasingly in vogue, especially among urban and educated males, and Western-style school uniforms are worn by both sexes in many schools, even in rural India.
The arts
Few areas of the world can claim an artistic heritage comparable to that developed in India over the course of more than four millennia. For a detailed discussion of Indian literature, music, dance, theatre, and visual arts, see South Asian arts.
Architecture is perhaps India's greatest glory. Among the most renowned monuments are many cave temples hewn from rock (of which those at Ajanta and Ellora are most noteworthy); the Sun Temple at Konarak (Konarka); the vast temple complexes at Bhubaneshwar, Khajuraho, and Kanchipuram (Conjeeveram); such Mughal masterpieces as Humayun's tomb and the Taj Mahal; and, from the 20th century, buildings such as the High Court in the planned city of Chandigarh, designed by the Swiss-born architect Le Corbusier, and the Bhopal State Assembly building in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, designed by the Indian architect and urban planner Charles Correa.
Other traditional art forms in India—painting, embroidery, pottery, ornamental woodworking and metalworking, sculpture, lacquerware, and jewelry—are also well represented. Much of the best work resulted from patronage by the court (often being produced in royally endowed workshops), by temples, and by wealthy individuals. Vigorous folk traditions have a very long history, as witnessed by the ancient rock paintings found in scores of caves across India.
Dance and music
The performing arts also have a long and distinguished tradition. Bharata natyam, the classical dance form originating in southern India, expresses Hindu religious themes that date at least to the 4th century ce (see Natya-shastra). Other regional styles include odissi (from Orissa), manipuri (Manipur), kathakali (Kerala), kuchipudi (Andhra Pradesh), and kathak (Islamicized northern India). In addition, there are numerous regional folk dance traditions. One of these is bhangra, a Punjabi dance form that, along with its musical accompaniment, has achieved growing national and international popularity since the 1970s. Indian dance was popularized in the West by dancer and choreographer Uday Shankar.
Traditional Indian music is divided between the Hindustani (northern) and Carnatic (southern) schools. (The Hindustani style is influenced by musical traditions of the Persian-speaking world.) Instrumental and vocal music is also quite varied and frequently is played or sung in concert (usually by small ensembles). It is a popular mode of religious expression, as well as an essential accompaniment to many social festivities, including dances and the narration of bardic and other folk narratives. Some virtuosos, most notably Ravi Shankar (composer and sitar player) and Ali Akbar Khan (composer and sarod player), have gained world renown. The most popular dramatic classical performances, which are sometimes choreographed, relate to the great Hindu epics the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. Regional variations of classical and folk music abound. All of these genres have remained popular—as has devotional Hindu music—but interest in Indian popular music has grown rapidly since the late 20th century, buoyed by the great success of motion picture musicals. Western classical music is represented by such institutions as the Symphony Orchestra of India, based in Mumbai, and some individuals (notably conductor Zubin Mehta) have achieved international renown.
1Includes 12 members appointed by the president.
2Includes 2 Anglo-Indians appointed by the president.
3The first symbol for the rupee was officially approved in July 2010, and coins and banknotes with the new symbol began being issued in late 2011.
|Official name
|Bharat (Hindi); Republic of India (English)
|Form of government
|multiparty federal republic with two legislative houses (Council of States [2451]; House of the People [5452])
|Head of state
|President: Pranab Mukherjee
|Head of government
|Prime Minister: Narendra Modi
|New Delhi
|Official languages
|Hindi; English
|Official religion
|Monetary unit
|Indian rupee ₹3
|(2014 est.) 1,278,689,000
|Total area (sq mi)
|Total area (sq km)
|Urban-rural population
|Urban: (2012) 30.2%
Rural: (2012) 69.8%
|Life expectancy at birth
|Male: (2011) 63.9 years
Female: (2011) 67.1 years
|Literacy: percentage of population age 15 and over literate
|Male: (2007) 76.9%
Female: (2007) 54.5%
|GNI per capita (U.S.$)
|(2013) 1,570


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B-Modern Composer 79" TV Stand
B-Modern Composer 79" TV Stand
Weights & Dimensions
2 Component
Cabinet interior
Additional Weights & Dimensions
|Recommended TV Type: Flat Screen
|TV Size Accommodated: 100 Inches
|Product Type: TV stand
|Design: Console
|Number of Items Included: 1
|Solid Wood Construction: No
|Style: Modern
|Gender: Unisex/Both
|Recommended Age Group: Adult
|Exterior Shelves: Yes
|Drawers Included: Yes
|Cabinets Included: Yes
|Joinery Type: Lock and dowel
|Scratch Resistant: Yes
|Hardware Finish: Brushed Stainless Steel
|Wheels Included: No
|Fireplace Included: No
|Lighted: No
|Media Player Storage: Yes
|Media Storage: No
|Cable Management: Yes
|Orientation: Floor unit
|Weight Capacity: 250 Pounds
|Commercial Use: Yes
|Lift Mechanism: No
|Expandable: No
|Swivel Base: No
|Integrated Mount: No
|Hardware Material: Stainless steel
|Non-Toxic: Yes
|Product Care: Clean with soap and warm water on a streak free, anti-scratch cloth
|Country of Manufacture: Imported
|Finish (Gray High Gloss and Brushed Stainless Steel, Grey Ebony Veneer Finish): Grey
|Finish (Light Walnut and Polished Stainless Steel Finish): Walnut
|Finish (White High Gloss and Brushed Stainless Steel Finish): White
|Gloss Finish (Gray High Gloss and Brushed Stainless Steel, White High Gloss and Brushed Stainless Steel Finish): Yes
|Frame Material (Gray High Gloss and Brushed Stainless Steel, Light Walnut and Polished Stainless Steel, White High Gloss and Brushed Stainless Steel Finish): Manufactured wood; Metal
|Hand Painted (Gray High Gloss and Brushed Stainless Steel, White High Gloss and Brushed Stainless Steel Finish): Yes
|Hand Painted (Light Walnut and Polished Stainless Steel Finish): No
|Assembly Required: No
|Additional Parts Required: No
|Product Warranty: 5 Years
Questions & Answers (1)
"Hi, will the remote work when the doors in this stand are closed?" asked by Arielle
Still have questions about this product? We're here to help
B-Modern Composer 79" TV Stand
About the ManufacturerB-Modern's mission is to create an atmosphere of contemporary comfort. They believe that furniture is a form of arm. Like a beautiful painting on a wall, furniture should add character to your room. B-Modern aims to provide easy solutions for making your home fully functional yet stylish while retaining the unique aspects of you.
|5 star
|4 star
|3 star
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|1 star
Customer Reviews
What a showpiece!
Nancy Rozender from Montreal, QC – Verified Buyer
I was really nervous about ordering this TV stand as I live in Canada. But it is absolutely beautiful! The proportions are good, the drawers and doors self close. The colour is exactly like the photo - dark gray. The finish has just the right shine to it. I keep getting compliments on it!
Absolutely worth it!
Sandy from Towson, MD – Verified Buyer
This tv console is everything that I was hoping for. It brightens up the living rm. Very simple, sleek and modern. No assembly required. Well packaged. My husband and I are very happy we chose this piece. Sturdy and well made.
Absolutely satisfied!
Diana from Brisbane, CA – Verified Buyer
We love this well-constructed and sturdy stand that works perfectly with our 60" TV. It's slightly on the heavy side, but that's not a problem since this stand will stay in our living room for a long time.
Great piece for the money
Susan from Melbourne beach, FL – Verified Buyer
Looks great in the room. Wish it had better storage for CDs. The way they fit you can't read the labels. Arrived with a few minor scratches, but nothing major. Overall very pleased.
Great quality!
Steve from New York, NY
A beautiful piece with great quality! Auto close drawers a definite luxury! Flawless finish, beautiful brushed stainless steel... Highly recommend!
SC from Naples, FL – Verified Buyer
Well made. Looks very contemporary and works well with a modern look. Perfect size too. Assembly was easy. White lacquer is beautiful!
Go for this!
J from Pittsburgh, PA – Verified Buyer
Absolutely LOVE this piece - well worth the wait. Quality is fantastic and it's appropriately priced. Arrived assembled which was super.
Quality Product
AMISTAD from NEW YORK, NY – Verified Buyer
Very well build product. Color is a little lighter than expected but works for the living room space.
Not that great
JZ from Tampa, FL – Verified Buyer
I bought the TV stand in natural wood. In the photo looks nicer than in person. Very disappointed. My doors are irregular sizes, giving a gap of 1,5 inches on the top. It was a defect on the frame that is not squared even. The wood scratches very easy, do not recommend.
Anonymous from Texas
OUR SKU # BWN1012Composer 79" TV Stand is also sometimes listed under the following manufacturer numbers: BM-100-BRN, BM-100-EBY, BM-100-GRY, BM-100-WHT


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I'd like any and all opinions on choosing my next firearm. I already own a Marlin 39A lever gun in .22lr, Winchester 120 pump in 12 ga., SCCY CPX-2 in 9mm, and a Heritage Rough Rider revolver in .22lr. I'm re-building my collection so I need every one of these choices. My choices are: Ruger 10/22 w/birch stock, Rossi matched pair w/.22 and .410 barrels, Mossberg 100 ATR in .308 or .30/06, or EAA Windicator revolver in .357.
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In those choices I would get the Mossberg in 308 so I could deer hunt.
My opinion:
Low Budget...
Long Range- Mossberg or Savage .308/30- 06(Depend on you) or a Ruger 10/22
Semi Rifle- Ak-47 Or Ar-15
Pistol-Rossi .357 Magnum Revolver,Taurus PT 24/7,Eaa Wind something i forgot in, is a revover also.
High Budget..
Long Range-Savage 111Lr Hunter .300 Win Mag,Savage 110Ba .300 Win Mag or .338 Lapua.
Semi Rifle-Same as Above(Ak-47 or Ar-15)
Pistol-Same as above or A 1911.
Remember this list is my opinion, you can do difference.
Graduate from army?
Also, regarding the Mossberg 100 ATR, I'm trying to decide on .308 or .30-06. I have plenty of experience with both the .308 from my military days and the .30-06 from my high school days. I'm looking for a good all around caliber for home defense, pig and deer hunting, poking holes in paper and camping/canoeing trips.
I have an ATR in .308. So far I gotta say it's a whole lotta fun for not a whole lotta money.
Marlin Model 60
Mossberg Maverick 88-12 GA
Mosin Nagant 91/30
Stag Model 2
Savage Model 11
Saiga 7.62x39
Mossberg MVP Varmint
Chinese T53 Mosin Nagant X2
53 Springfield M1 Garand


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This plugin allows you to implement a gallery page into your website.
This gallery is a whole lotta AWESOME! I had a minor issue and the support staff was on top of it and resolved the issue very quickly. This will be my go-to for all of my gallery needs! GREAT PLUGIN!
Gallery is easy to use. I've created 3 galleries so far and they look great. I really like this plugin.
Thanks for all help that's provided me.
The support team work is very active and they responded to my required
My gallery now is really better and dynamic
Great features and not as finicky as other popular galleries, and worth the update to PRO for social sharing options
I am trying to slow down the slideshow but no matter what number I provide, it runs at the default speed. Can anybody help?
I was struggling with the "undefinedxundefined" error message for few days. This update(v4.0.2) actually fixes the problem even through it doesn't say in the changelog.
A very good free working plugin, just what I want, thanks!
I tried at least 6 other plugins. This beats them all. I just needed a thumbnail gallery with captions that opened in a lightbox with a readable caption.
1) Other plugins didnt have captions, tried to fit the captions on one line (which displaced the next image in the row--messing up the neat grid appearance), or made the captions too large.
2) Other plugins didnt allow seo of my gallery with text.
3) Other plugins didnt allow batch uploading.
4) Other plugins showed unreadable captions in the lightbox, and didnt let you move or change the font.
5) Other plugins had 3, 4, and even 7 tabs of selections, but still didn't have the selections that I (and probably a bunch of other people) really need. And I don't want all of that clutter anyway.
This works great, just optimizing the standard wp gallery (which stinks by itself). And they helped me with a few simple css snippets, which i added to Genesis for the perfect gallery plugin!
Great Plugin, easy install, Superb support!
Very easy to install and set up, thank you very much!
You must log in to submit a review. You can also log in or register using the form near the top of this page.


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MEN'S BASKETBALL: Saul Phillips leaves NDSU for Ohio University
North Dakota State will have first-year coaches in football, women's basketball and now men's basketball next season.
Men's hoops coach Saul Phillips left NDSU on Saturday night to become the next head coach at Ohio University in Athens, Ohio.
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Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in MelanomaThis book describes both the technologies used in the discovery of melanoma biomarkers and the clinical application of these biomarkers for diagnosis and staging of disease, determination of prognosis, treatment planning, monitoring of response to therapy, identification of novel therapeutic targets and drug development. A broad range of biomarkers (DNA/chromosomal, mRNA, microRNA, mitochondrial
Molecular Diagnostics in Dermatology and DermatopathologyMolecular Diagnostics in Dermatology and Dermatopathology presents the basics of molecular biology and molecular diagnostic methods most commonly used in the clinical laboratory, with an emphasis on the concepts and testing most relevant to dermatological diseases. Topics include the integration of newer diagnostic and prognostic techniques with 'traditional' histologic approaches, and discussions
This edition covers all aspects of the subject needed by medical students. It is a volume in the Illustrated Colour Text series, with the subject matter divided into double-page spreads; this makes the information very accessible to the reader. Full use is made of flow charts and other graphics; clinical "boxes;" summary points; case histories; and clinical photographs. The whole orientation of
This edition covers all aspects of the subject needed by medical students. It is a volume in the Illustrated Colour Text series, with the subject matter divided into double-page spreads; this makes the information very accessible to the reader. Full use is made of flow charts and other graphics; clinical "boxes;" summary points; case histories; and clinical photographs. The whole orientation of
Blood Results in Clinical PracticeThis book was written after feedback suggested that stories and analogies were very helpful to students wanting to remember blood tests and their implications. For this reason each section, where appropriate, contains an analogy, in addition to an overview of the relevant anatomy, physiology and biochemistry. The book links tests and conditions, and gives strategies for clinical practice using
Paramedic Field Guide 2014 Extended EditionYour 2014 Protocols are here! It has always been our intention to bring you accurate, up to date and useful information. Continuing with our tradition of building upon an already great product we are proud to bring you our best edition to do date. These protocols follow the guidelines established by the Ontario Base Hospital Group, the Ontario Medical Advisory Committee (MAC) and the American
Routine Blood Results ExplainedThis is the 2nd edition of M&Ks best selling book. This edition has benefited from some structural changes, notably the merging of separate chapters on calcium and the thyroid into a single section. New text, generally in response to comments from readers and delegates on M&K courses, includes more details on blood transfusion, and also a completely new chapter with sections on pregnancy,
This basic text is intended to trigger the interest of students as well as optimise the training and practice of Haematology in developing countries particularly in sub- Saharan Africa. It is aimed at improving the knowledge and skills of allied medical and medical students and other healthcare professionals involved in the management of haematological diseases, empowering them to offer the best
e-Study Guide for: Fluids and Electrolytes With Clinical Application by Joyce LeFever Kee, ISBN 9781435453678Never Highlight a Book Again! Just the FACTS101 study guides give the student the textbook outlines, highlights, practice quizzes and optional access to the full practice tests for their textbook.
Although its ubiquity in the human body may make it seem unremarkable, simply put, blood makes life possible. It nourishes cells throughout the body and transports carbon dioxide to the lungs. Without it, the body would be unable to fight disease and infection or function at all. Readers are invited to follow the course of this extraordinary fluid as it circulates through the body and learn about
Routine Blood Results Explained 3/eNow in its third edition, this essential handbook for nurses and allied health professionals gives clear, simple explanations of blood results, focusing on routinely requested investigations. There have been many changes since the second edition from alterations in units (such as g/L for haemoglobin, rather than g/dL) to the merging of haematology with biochemistry, blood transfusion and


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Fergie, studios set huddles
Duchess of York Sarah Ferguson will be in Hollywood next week to discuss with studios and networks the prospect of her hosting a daytime talkshow (Daily Variety, Nov. 27). Sources say ICM has set up meetings with Twentieth TV, Buena Vista TV, ABC, MCA TV, Paramount Domestic Television and King World for Wednesday and Thursday, following her Tuesday appearance on "The Tonight Show With Jay Leno."
Want Entertainment News First? Sign up for Variety Alerts and Newsletters!


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Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
For an appointment or assistance call 859-257-1000or 800-333-8874 (toll free)
Adolescent MedicineEating Disorders
University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Lexington
University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison
American Board of Pediatrics
Shawn Sorrell received her medical degree from the University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Lexington. She is board certified by the American Board of Pediatrics.
1000 S. Limestone
University of Kentucky
Lexington, KY 40536
859-257-1000 or
800-333-8874 (toll free)
connected with UK HealthCare. Become a fan of our Facebook and follow us on
Twitter and Youtube to stay up-to-date on community events, programs,
treatments, research, new physicians and more.
© University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA | An Equal Opportunity University


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i was cleaning my akm or ak47 rifle and i descided to clean the bolt assembly completly and it was a pain to get back together. i just got it back together but i abused the pins a little with the hammer and its hard to take back apart. what im trying to get at is. do i need.to buy a new bolt assembly or keep.using the same one its functional still but trying to take it apart is hard now since i mushroomed the ends of thos pins with a hammer can it still work i rack it and it cycles like normal. im just worried about that bolt any help please im able to put picutres if that helps.
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You shouldn't need to beat on the pins if you do that means something is in wrong.
Here is a video showing how to disassemble, clean & re-assemble your AK bolt.
If everyone is thinking alike, then somebody isn't thinking.George S. Patton
order new pin and follow the vid. should be fine
"Gun control: The theory that a woman found dead in an alley, raped and strangled with her panty hose, is somehow morally superior to a woman explaining to police how her attacker got that fatal bullet wound." L. Neil Smith
The problem with being stupid is you cannot simply decide to stop doing dumb things...
"I crapped my pants to avoid the draft!!" -Ted Nugent


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See our store section for gifts by different stores
See our top gift ideas section for most popular items.
Create your own personal gift registry. Register for any item, from any store, for any occasion. Find the gift registries of your family and friends.
Ever find the perfect gift idea for someone, but their birthday was months away? We make it easy to remember your gift ideas.
Provides timely email reminders for a birthday, anniversary, and other special occasions.
Get advice from friends and family on which gifts to buy.
New York Yankees
New York Yankees 2009 World Series Champions Etched Ornament
Salty Road Salt Water Taffy
New York City Token Money Clip
Secret New York Travel Book
New York Yankees Personalized Welcome Sign
Two Tone New York Yankees Cufflinks
New York City 1916 Map Throw
Derek Jeter NY Yankees Laser-Etched Glass Baseball Sculpture
New York City Skyline Bookends
New York City Financial District Tour
Mapping Manhattan Lost Gloves Framed Print
Personalized New York Yankees Locker Room 16x24 Canvas Print
Movie Locations Walking Tour of Central Park for Two
New York Yankees MLB Oversized Buckle
Personalized Times Square Subway House Sign
Central Park Dish Towel
Personal Photo Tour of New York
Hand Embroidered Central Park Pillow
New York Yankees Pinstriped Terrycloth Bathrobe
The Ride Experience in New York City
Brooklyn Map Throw Blanket
New York Yankees Derek Jeter Legend Commemorative Stein
New York Times Martin Luther King "I Have A Dream" Collection
Ken Burns' The Central Park Five Documentary DVD


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Lip Conditioner SPF 15
Item No.1230081143
A soothing moisture treat for your lips.
This item is available for
UK Home Delivery Free (UK orders over £30) or £3.99
Delivered within 4 working days
Next or Named Day Delivery
7 days a week between 8am - 6pm
Monday to Friday - order by 7pm - £4.99
Saturday & Sunday - order by 6pm - £4.99
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7 days a week between 6pm - 10pm
Monday to Sunday - order by 10pm - £6.99
Collect from store the next day - FREE
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Full Delivery details
Apply under lipstick as a moisturising base coat or wear it overnight as an intensive moisture treatment.
- Hydrates, smooths, comforts and protects lips
- SPF 15 sunscreen
- Vitamins C and E
- Shea Butter and other naturally derived moisturisers
- Free gifts are while stocks last. Gift is out of stock if not added to bag & NOT valid if used with a discount promo code


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Kevin Hart Tickets: Win Them Before You Can Buy Them!
Win your tickets to see Kevin Hart all week long.
Win your tickets to see Kevin Hart all week long.
Taylor Gang, get ready!
D'Angelo may have been MIA for 15 years, but he is making a comeback with the new LP "Black Messiah" and now performing on "SNL!"
I am actually starting to feel bad for dude. Chris Brown's probation has been revoked a judge who feels his concerts may promote a violent atmosphere.
The #1 selling female artist of all time has proven again why she is #1! Mariah Carey has announced that she will be headlining Caesar's Palace in Las Vegas beginning May 6th!
It's all about the girl power ladies & gentlemen! I was ecstatic after Chris Breezy & Trey Songz announced they would be touring together so this, my friends, is the icing on the cake!
New Music Alert! Chris Brown and Trey Songz drop four new remixes as they gear up for their joint tour. Check out the songs below and tell me what you think!
The 2014 BET Hip-Hop Awards featured an impressive line-up of performances on Saturday night (Sept. 20) in Atlanta. Among the performers that hit the stage included Common, T.I., YG, Ty Dolla $ign, Baby, Young Thug, Rich Homie Quan, Bobby Shmurda and more.
Usher sat down with Billboard to talk about hitting the road with the "UR Experience" Tour, his hightly anticipated new album, working with Chris Brown on "New Flame" & more! Watch the interview here!
My fav R&B crooner is hittin' the road this fall in preparation of his new album dropping! Let's see which cities Ne-Yo will be visiting and if Albany made the lists of stops.
It's Usha-baby! And he's comin to a city near you soon! Usher just announced his Fall tour dates for "The Ur Experience" Tour!
Chart-topping singer-songwriter-dancer Jason Derulo is visiting Tampa, Florida and we want you to go.
A man was fatally shot multiple times backstage at a Wiz Khalifa concert. Police are still searching for the suspect.
Kevin Gates lit New York City's Gramercy Theatre on fire Wednesday night (Aug. 20).
DJs Supreme and Sh0w were at the Drake vs Lil Wayne concert on August 12 to see who the fans wanted to win in the rap battle. But really, Drake or Lil Wayne?
Hot 99.1 was at the Drake vs Lil Wayne concert on August 12 to see who the fans wanted to win in the rap battle. Were you spotted in our fan pictures from the night?
Drake and Lil Wayne have launched an app to get their fans involved in their upcoming Drake Vs. Lil Wayne U.S. tour.
All last week I qualified listeners for Keyshia Cole in NYC. Check out pics from last night's Big Apple performance!
Congratulations to Keyshia Cole winner Amber Murry who is on her way to New York City to see Keyshia Cole and Adrian Marcel!
Listen to HOT991 for your chance to win FREE tickets and other prizes
Who's a better rapper: Drake or Lil Wayne?
Who wants to win tickets to see Keyshia Cole LIVE in NYC? Tonight's your last chance to get qualified on HOT After Dark by answering my LOVE & War?
It seems as though there was lots of love in Saratoga on Wednesday—particularly between Ice and Coco.
Nicki Minaj, Usher and Iggy Azalea have been tapped to perform at the 2014 iHeartRadio Music Festival in September.
As Jay Z and Beyonce tour the world with the "On The Run" Tour, HBO gears up for the release of their concert footage, giving us a sneak peek of the official concert trailer that will appear on HBO!
When indie pop band Haim wanted to update one of their tracks, they tapped A$AP Ferg for his lyrical talents. The end result is a new version of the band's 'My Song 5.'
Singer-songwriter Sevyn Streeter turned 28 years old over the 4th of July weekend & celebrated her birthday in style while at The Essence Music Festival!
Usher (Ursha-baby) showed & proved why he's been in the game for two decades! Watch his medley of hits as performed on BET Awards.
Jennifer Hudson was looking & sounding fabulous at the BET Awards Sunday debuting her new single & looking hot!
The "One The Run" Tour kicked off last night with Mr & Mrs Carter in Miami! Check out some pics of the show right here!
Only on The Go Getta Show do we let you know its OK to get a 'Quickie In" on your lunch break or wherever you are!
If you missed The Quickie Mix with Me, ADRI V and DJ Sight don't worry we got you covered


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You may remember our review of the Nespresso Essenza C90 in 2005, and you may even remember how much we loved this amazing little espresso and single serve coffee machine. What does the new Nespresso C100T Essenza Single-Serve Automatic Espresso Machine offer over it's older sibling and what's the same? In a nut shell - the Nespresso C100T Essenza Single-Serve Automatic Espresso Machine is a really nice update to an already great Nespresso machine. The price point is a bit higher than the older model, but this is a very affordable Nespresso machine at just over $220 in most places online and offline, and the new features are worth the extra money.
Since the main features of the machine and it's appeal are present in our older review, we're going to focus on the updates to the machine and why you might want to consider this as one of the machines in your single serve coffee arsenal. We're also going to give you the impressions of several new Nespresso drinkers who we introduced the machine to at a dinner party recently to get new insights and feedback.
Love or hate the design - the Nespresso Le Cube is a single serve coffee and espresso maker classic. Key features of the Nespresso Le Cube include a front panel color in Arctic White, Titanium, Red, and Aluminum. The machine is also very compact and features the easy capsule insertion and ejection system from Nespresso. The Nespresso Le Cube also has a programmable extraction for small and long cups of espresso or single serve coffee with an automatic stop. The higher end model (C185) features a cup warmer, and all the models feature a 34 oz water reservoir. If you're going to use the Nespresso Le Cube to make lattes or cappuccinos, you'll need to get the additional Aeroccino milk frother from Nespresso. Also, the Le Cube can only use Nespresso coffee and espresso capsules.
Related Products and Accessories for Nespresso Le Cube
Nespresso Web Links and Info
The new Flavia Fusion Drinks Station Deluxe has a slew of improvements over the Flavia Fusion Drinks Station we reviewed earlier last year. We've been testing the machine over the past few weeks and unlike other one cup coffee makers we've reviewed recently, it's managed to stay there for the entire time and have quite a bit of Flavia coffee run through it.
Flavia Fusion Drinks Station Deluxe Features:
What do we think of this new Flavia? How is the Flavia coffee on a revisit? Do the new features make the new price of $169.99 a bit too high or too low?
Note: This is a real coffee pod. About 62 mm wide and 7-14 grams in weight depending on the coffee pod creator.
We get this question at least 3-4 times a week from readers looking for more coffee pod variety for their single serve coffee pod brewer and the answer is - no. Espresso pods will not work in single serve coffee pod brewers like the Senseo, Bunn My Cafe, Melitta One:One, simplehuman, Krups Home Cafe, and other single serve coffee pod makers .
Espresso pods are typically much smaller and much harder packed with a much finer grind. Single serve coffee pods typically are 55-62 mm in diameter and come in sizes from 7-14 grams. One quick and easy way to tell a coffee pod from an espresso pod? Espresso pods usually have a tab on the side to help remove the pod from the espresso machine.
Why such a variety of shapes and sizes for single serve coffee pods? There really is no standard for coffee pods unlike some espresso pods. One variety of espresso pods that is a standard is the E.S.E. variety. What does E.S.E. stand for? Easy Serving Espresso. This is the gold standard for espresso pods, and any espresso machine like the Francis Francis from Illy - which is E.S.E. certified - these espresso pods will work the best. If you really want to learn more about espresso pods visit our sister site: SingleServeEspresso.com.
Now back to coffee pods. How do you know what coffee pods work in your single serve coffee brewer?
We've yet to review the Juan Valdez single serve coffee maker, but are going this week on a seek and purchase mission to pick one up. It's one of the least talked about single serve coffee makers in the Single Serve Coffee Forums, but that doesn't mean it's a bad machine. From what we've seen in person, it's a bit on the plastic side, and has a large footprint. The Juan Valdez single serve coffee pod maker supposedly can use "espresso pods"? Hmmm... Hopefully our local Target will have one so we can finally have a little quality one on one time with Mr. Valdez.
We're really excited to say we've finally received the upgrade to our Nespresso C90 from Nespresso - the Nespresso C100T Essenza espresso machine. With one push of a button, the Nespresso Essenza Flow Stop in the C100T will automatically make a pre-programmed espresso or Lungo 5 ounce cup of coffee. The older C90 we have does not have the automatic features and we're excited to have this feature built in so our "espresso cup does not runneth over" when we forget to stop the flow. The Nespresso C100T Essenza also features a 34 ounce water reservoir, 19 bar high-pressure pump, and automatic ejection of used capsules on lifting the handle.
We think bang for your Nespresso buck, this is the most affordable Nespresso machine at just over $200, and one of the most attractive. We love the footprint of the Nespresso C100T Essenza we'll have full review soon.
At Nespresso
We've been checking out the new Senseo HD7820 Deluxe Single Serve Gourmet Coffee Maker and we like what we see. With a few less features than the Senseo Supreme and a larger standard water tank than the Senseo Standard edition, it's a nice middle sibling to the Senseo line. Plus the price is right for a larger water tank (typically costing $19.99 more for the larger water tank for the orignal Senseo) and adjustable spout for just $88 dollars - only $18 dollars more than the Senseo standard edition.
Readers are always writing in asking the Single Serve Coffee staff how much the different single serve coffee systems cost to own and operate and especially how much each cup of single serve coffee will cost. We think the questions "what's best", or what's "cheapest," or what's "least expensive" all fall under this category of question as well, but starting with what type of coffee you'd like to make and how much it will cost is a good way to find out which single serve coffee maker is the least expensive to own and operate.
Are Senseo Coffee Pods, Tassimo T-Disks, K-Cups or Nespresso Coffee Capsules the best option for you? Which system falls in your price range? Does the single serve coffee maker or system match your coffee drinking habits? These are all good questions that go hand and hand with the price per cup.
The guide below should give you all the detail you need to know on what coffee system may be right for you. Depending on which type of single serve coffee maker you choose, be it coffee pods, k cups, t discs, or nespresso capsules, you'll be choosing the type of coffee you can get per system and also how much per cup your single serve coffee will cost, and how flexible that cost can be, and what types of coffee the single serve coffee maker can prepare.
If you look at the four major type of single serve coffee you can purchase there are essentially 4 main types:
Given the run down of each of the different types, how much does each cup of single serve coffee cost per system?
Often there are several models of a single serve coffee machine like the Tassimo and it can make it difficult for you to decide which model to pick given the price and features. Recently, Tassimo introduced the Tassimo Hot Beverage System or TA1200 at a price point $40 cheaper than the Tassimo Premium Hot Beverage System or TA1400.
Yeah - getting confused yet? Well, the big differences are where they are sold, the water tank size, and a few gold accents on the Premium Tassimo. See the details and judge for yourself. We've been testing the two machines side by side, and we can't tell a difference in the coffee they make, however we do like the larger reservoir on the Tassimo Premium.


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Just get it right. It's a simple phrase, but one that's at the heart of the Patriots' scouting system.
According to director of player personnel Nick Caserio -- who spoke to fans Wednesday night at the Hall at Patriot Place -- the phrase is essential when it comes to the scouts' role in the overall team-building process. From the most veteran scouts to the newcomers, the goal is the same.
"To get it right," Caserio said. "It doesn't matter who found them. Just get it right."
The 33-year-old Caserio, who spoke for 90 minutes to a group of about 50 fans as part of the Hall's speaker series and answered questions throughout, talked first about New England's scouting process.
The prep work for the draft usually begins the previous spring, when the team begins a self-scouting process designed to educate the scouts on specific team needs. Then, senior prospects are identified and deconstructed. After that, area scouts -- who are divided into six regions (Northeast, Mid-Atlantic, Midwest, Southeast, Southwest and West) are assigned players to watch throughout the college season. They work in concert with the two regional scouts (one East, one West).
In December, that initial list is pared to between 300 and 400 players. That's when the area scouts, regional scouts and scouting director all meet to go through each player that received what Caserio calls "a draftable grade."
"That's when you start to put pieces to the puzzle," Caserio said. "In the end, the goal is to see the player in similar terms."
The coaches get involved in the process at the end of the professional season, when college all-star season really gets underway with contests like the East-West Shrine Game, the Senior Bowl and the Cactus Bowl. That segues into the NFL Scouting Combine, as well as the individual Pro Days at each big college.
These are the first times that scouts and coaches can speak with players. The two sides have to really start working together for the final stretch before the draft.
"Coaching and scouting are separate entities," said Caserio, who has done both for the Patriots. "But in the end, they have to work together."
The final days before the draft are usually the most important in the process. Each team is allowed to have up to 30 players come in for a visit. While the interviews at the combine are limited to 15 minutes, there are no such constraints for these visits. Designed to get what Caserio terms "a comfort level" with a player, these are key for New England -- Caserio said 10 of the 12 players the Patriots picked last month were either worked out individually by the team or came to Gillette Stadium for an official visit.
While the draft itself can throw you a few curveballs, all you can do is make sure you're prepared.
"You go into a draft and you don't know how it's going to unfold," Caserio said. "In the end, you just make the decision you feel is best for your football team."
He was asked by a fan in the Q&A session as to why New England chose not to pursue any outside linebackers in the draft. While he was complimentary of the players the Patriots currently have at the position, he hinted that there may still be some moves between now and the start of the 2009 season in September.
"We don't play a game until September," Caserio said when asked specifically about the outside linebacker spot. "This isn't the last opportunity for us -- the draft -- to find a player we believe could help us. There are other opportunities to build your football team.
"A lot can happen between now and [the start of the season]."
As for this year's draft, Caserio wouldn't give the Patriots a grade on how they did. ("You can't really grade your players until they're out there on the field," he said, adding the team keeps its draft boards going back the last four years.) However, he did feel positively about every one of the players that were drafted by New England. He gave a quick thumbnail sketch of most of the draftees:
Patrick Chung: The Patriots were blown away by their interview with him at the combine. "After 15 minutes, we were ready to run through a wall. It was like, 'Sign me up.' … This is one of these guys, the more you're around him, you like what you see."
Ron Brace: Caserio praised his versatility. "He's huge. This guy's big. He's big and he's wide. ... It's hard to find these kinds of guys."
Darius Butler: Caserio, who was one of six or seven members of the Patriots' front office who went to UConn's Pro Day, said "quite frankly, we were surprised he was on the board at No. 41. ... He was kind of a late-bloomer. He didn't play football until his junior year of high school. ... He's a pretty versatile guy -- his Pro Day workout, it was a real impressive workout. He's a good kid, a good character kid. We're excited to have him here."
Sebastian Vollmer: "For the life of me, I don't know why he didn't go to the combine."
Brandon Tate: "A versatile guy who played all three receiver spots when healthy. Even though he couldn't do anything physical (in the predraft evaluation process), we were able to get a good gauge on the player."
Tyrone McKenzie: "Wherever he's gone, he's played and played at a high level. You'd be hard-pressed to find a guy more impressive than Tyrone McKenzie. ... He got dinged up at rookie minicamp -- I can't speak to when he's going to be on the field. Whenever that is, that's when it's going to be."
Rich Ohrnberger: "The best way to describe this guy is he's a bulldog. Tough, smart -- he fits the profile of what we look for in a Patriots' offensive lineman."
George Bussey: "He's very versatile -- he's played both tackle and guard. He's agile, pretty quick on his feet."
Jake Ingram: "The best snapper in the draft. We'll put him into a situation where he and (Nathan) Hodel will compete." Caserio was asked about the difficult transition Ingram might face going from Hawaii to the Northeast: "That's something we'll have to deal with. We felt his skill as a long snapper will be good enough. ... We'll just have to see how he does. You don't know how he'll respond until he's placed in that situation."
Marlon Pryor: Caserio mentioned his game against Louisville last year when he went up against Cards' highly-touted center Eric Wood where he "jumped off the tape. ... He's big and agile, and we're happy to have him."
Julian Edelman: Caserio said the former Kent State quarterback projects as a wide receiver in the NFL, and made a comparison to Sean Morey. "This little guy was an exciting player in college. ... He has a long way to go, but he's very receptive from a coaching standpoint. ... He's football smart -- he loves football." Caserio was asked whether or not he might be a Wildcat quarterback at the NFL level. "This guy doesn't even know what Wildcat means right now. Once he knows where to line up, we'll get to that."
Darryl Richard: Caserio said he had the highest Wonderlic score of any of the players the Patriots' drafted. "He's tough, he's smart, he works hard. ... We'll put him in the mix and see how he does."
Caserio also touched on a number of other subjects, including the possibility of Julius Peppers joining the Patriots and Jason Taylor signing with the Dolphins. He refused to speculate on Peppers inking a deal with New England, saying they couldn't talk about players on another team, and shrugged his shoulders when asked about Taylor.
"We're going to have to block him this year," he said.
Christopher Price covers the Patriots for WEEI.com.
Greg and Chris talk with Mike Reiss from ESPN Boston in hour 2 of NFL Sunday to discuss a variety of offseason happenings with the Pats and throughout the league. Greg and Chris also get into the NFL Draft and where Mariota and Winston will go.
Mike Reiss calls the guys to talk about the offseason news for the Pats. He talks about the Pats/Jets tampoering fiasco, free agency, where he sees Ridley and Connolly ending up, if the Patriots would be interested in Reggie Wayne and more.
In the first hour of the show, Greg and Chris discuss the news coming out of the owners' meetings this week and rule changes. Belichick's blow-up over the league not wanting to spend on endzone cameras was well documented and the guys react. They also talk about the Jets ridiculous tampering charges, free agents still lingering out there, where Stevan Ridley will land and the RB position in New England. Dickerson and Price briefly discuss the adventures of Tom Brady before being joined by WEEI.com's Mike Petraglia to talk all things Pats in the offseason.
Brow Buff's Sam Packard and Ben Kichen break down Marcus Smart's unfortunate ball tap, debate leadership in the Celtics locker room, and rehash the great Kevin Love to Boston rumors.
Flannery joins Mut to break down the Isaiah Thomas trade to Boston and what it means for the Celtics this season and in the future. Paul also chats with Mut about the other deals that happened at the NBA's trading deadline
We talk to Chris Mannix from SI to break down the C's acquisition of Isaiah Thomas and the crazy trade deadline in the rest of the NBA.
Joe and Alex talked with the Sox AGM about the state of the team as Opening Day approaches.
Mut, Tomase, and Bradford kick things off talking about Shane Victorino taking offense to people reading into some comments he made about trading for Cole Hamels. They also discuss Blake Swihart and how soon he could be up if Christian Vazquez starts the season on the DL.
Joe Kelly joined the Hot Stove show where he talked about being ready for his next spring training start after a biceps ailment forced him out of his last outing, he talks about his NCAA brackets and how teammate Wade Miley has a perfect bracket still.
Peter Chiarelli joined the Sunday Skate crew to talk about the Bruins playoff push heading into the final handful of games of the regular season. Chiarelli talked about avoiding some of the overly negative feedback he gets while realizing that the team does have real issues. He discusses what went down at the trade deadline and if he was happy with the outcome, Lucic having a down year and underperforming, the salary cap and if he considers it as big of an issue as it's been made out to be and what the future holds for the team.
It's a big hour #2 for the Sunday Skate dudes - they talk about the B's defenseman and what the future looks like at that position, with both moves the team can make and younger guys in the AHL. They also get into the Bruins philosophy on bringing guys up and sending them back down and how players deal with that. Finally, the boys are joined by Bruins GM Peter Chiarelli to discuss EVERYTHING.
The Sunday Skate crew gets the show going discussing the Bruins big, impressive victory over the NY Rangers yesterday. What can you take from that game? According to LB - Lyndon Byers - who called the guys from the road, not a lot. LB drops a dime on what was going on with the Rangers yesterday. DJ and Joe discuss Claude's lines and groupings and the importance of Ryan Spooner. They also get into Lucic, his contributions this year and if he can turn things around.
The top stories of the day as recounted by Kirk Minihane.
The guys discussed the controversial Indiana law.
The guys opened the show by discussing the Presidents visit yesterday.
Michael Holley comes in for the crossover, and continues the discussion with Tim over what will happen if the Patriots face any type of punishment for the deflated footballs in the AFCCG.
With the Wells report seemingly wrapping up (we hope), Tim and Lou got to talking about possible fines and punishments the Patriots must face. It's possible that the Patriots will face a small fine, but should they take that laying down? The conversation brings out a little passion from BOTH sides.
Jackie Mac talks about the Celtics win over the Hornets last night and their chances of making the playoffs.
Dale, Michael and Jerry Thornton discuss Robert Kraft's testimony and the Hernandez trial overall as it continues to unfold.
We wrap up the day with the best in sound that you may have missed from throughout the day.
Dale, Michael and Jerry discuss 'Pasta' and his solid rookie year, and make a few statistical comparisons.
Chris Price joins Mut to talk about how Revis will heat up the Jets-Pats rivalry next season
Mut opens his show talking about the New York Jets filing tampering charges on the Patriots
Mikey, Mut, and Lucy are talking about all things New England sports, the Red Sox spring training, more Darrelle Revis and Jets talk, and some Bruins mixed in.
Will Noonan joins Chris in the studio to review Wrestlemania and Raw.
Dino, Gerry and Kirk talk about Kirk's massage and crap all over Sausage.
Ben and Adam finish the odyssey that is the history of Wrestlemania. Wrestlemanias 21-30 are discussed and analyzed.
The latest feud between Shank and Papi was discussed.More from this show
The guys discussed the disgusting protests at the scene of Officer Moynihan's shooting.More from this show
The top stories of the day as recounted by Kirk Minihane.More from this show
Dino, Gerry and Kirk talk about Kirk's massage and crap all over Sausage.More from this show
We listen in on Adam Shefter's deflategate report on NFL Live on ESPN, and discuss when we can expect this whole mess to come to a head.More from this show


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Recent Stories
- Our Computer Scientists 'Make it Digital' with the BBC
- Science Day at Heysham Power Station
- New Head of Physics
- Keswick School rockets to success in STEM Challenge day
- Major feat of engineering opens doors to future
- New Business Partnerships and Enterprise Deputy Director in post
- New guidelines to support research fellowships
- Strategic partnership with Danish university to boost research collaboration
- A decade of 'Innovation, Interaction and Impact': InfoLab21 turns Ten Years Old
- The scientific method and the Higgs Boson
InfoLab21/Daresbury Networking a Success
The Knowledge Business Centre hosted a unique networking event this month which has received very positive feedback from those attending.
The event allowed resident and associate Digital/ICT companies of the Knowledge Business Centre at InfoLab21 to meet with visitors and companies from the Daresbury Science and Innovation Campus.
Attendees heard first hand the developments in computational science at each of these UK-leading campuses.
Following short presentations from Steve Riches (Director of the KBC), Prof. Nigel Davies (Lancaster University - Computing Science) and John Bancroft (DIC - Computational Science and Engineering Group) all the attending companies gave a two minute elevator pitch to all present to overview their business, what they felt they could offer other Digital/ICT companies and what they might be looking for from other Digital/ICT companies.
The event adopted a new format for the KBC, pre-releasing details of all attending to those registered for the event and following the two minute elevator pitches, there was an informal networking session allowing all attendees to mix, share ideas and explore possible collaborations.
This format proved a great success with discussions lasting for nearly 2 hours.
Some comments from the event:
"We both thoroughly enjoyed the event. It was well organised, very useful and has provided us with some good contacts which we are now looking to follow up on. We hope you will be organising more of these events which we will be keen to attend."
"It was fantastic to meet and schmooze with other small business people - I now have a collection of business cards"
"Many thanks for putting together a really successful event. There was some excellent networking taking place and this should set a good platform for future events together".
"Thanks for organising yesterday's networking event, I thoroughly enjoyed the experience and picked up a number of useful contacts"
Details of those companies from both establishments who attended can be found in the events archive of the InfoLab21 website:
InfoLab21-Daresbury Networking Event
Wed 14 November 2007
Latest News
Our Computer Scientists 'Make it Digital' with the BBC
School of Computing and Communications computer scientists are at the forefront of a UK-wide BBC initiative launched on March 12th to inspire a new generation to get creative with coding, programming and digital technology.
Story supplied by LU Press Office
Tue 31 March 2015
Science Day at Heysham Power Station
A Faculty team representing science, technology, engineering and maths took part in EDF Energy's 'Science Day' on Saturday 21st March at Heysham Power Station.
Wed 25 March 2015
New Head of Physics
Professor Roger Jones has replaced Professor Peter Ratoff as Head of the Physics Department. Roger gained a PhD studying neutrino interactions at CERN and Fermilab before starting his career at CERN working at the Large Electron-Positron (LEP) Collider.
Tue 24 March 2015
Keswick School rockets to success in STEM Challenge day
As part of British Science week, 170 students from 14 schools across the region came to Lancaster University on Wednesday 18th March to compete in science, technology, engineering and mathematics challenges.
Mon 23 March 2015


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A bit about us
ISIS Waterside Regeneration is a partnership company, owned by the Canal and River Trust (formerly British Waterways) and MUSE Developments, with 50% of its returns re-invested by the Canal & River Trust into the maintenance and enhancement of the UK Waterway network. ISIS Waterside Regeneration is committed to revitalising Britain's waterways by creating sustainable waterside communities and delivers high quality and well-designed schemes based around complementary, mixed uses.
ISIS Waterside Regeneration is a multi-award winning developer, having previously completed two highly successful, residential developments: Islington Wharf in Manchester and Granary Wharf in Leeds.
Our journey so far
Outline planning consent for the overall scheme in Brentford was secured in March 2012 and followed an in-depth consultation with the local community. Works have since commenced on site with the first phase of homes expected to be completed later in 2015. Detailed planning permission for phase two at Brentford Lock West was secured at the end of 2014, with works on this phase due to commence this year. The overall scheme will comprise 520 residential homes, 20% of which will be affordable. The scheme will also deliver 7,000 sq metres of commercial space.
The project will breathe new life into Brentford. In addition to providing much needed new housing, the scheme will deliver new community spaces and commercial buildings, helping to create new jobs for the area. £2 million has also been allocated for investment into local health and education facilities.
Improving the local waterways
As part of the overall scheme, ISIS Waterside Regeneration is working in conjunction with the Canal & River Trust to make a number of improvements to the moorings at Brentford Lock West. These improvements include the addition of new visitor mooring and hook up points, along with the installation of a new floating pontoon which is now in place and is being used by the local canoe club. Further enhancements have also been made to widen the canal towpath, providing better access and a safer walkway for both new and existing residents.
Becoming part of the community
It is our aim to create places that feel special, places that people enjoy living in and care about, stimulating new communities with a range of cultural and social events until they take on a life of their own.
We are supporting a number of local initiatives and organisations from within the borough, such as Cultivate London – an innovative, urban farm which aims to increase the amount of locally and organically grown produce available across London. Cultivate London has become an integral part of the development. Close partnerships with other local organisations including Brentford FC Community Sports Trust, Active 360 and canoe club Edge have also been developed and Brentford Lock West will host a new watersports hub, to be enjoyed by the whole community.
What's next
The homes on phase one at Brentford Lock West have been selling well, with the first collections called The Halyards and The Arbor, now sold out. A limited number of apartments remain for sale at Bowline Court and we have recently released a collection of 1, 2, 3 and 4 bedroom apartments and 4 bedroom townhouses at Carrick Square.
With planning now secured for phase two, works will commence on this second stage later this year.
Find out more about what we do at www.isisregeneration.co.uk and click here to read more about our flats in Brentford.
ISIS Waterside Regeneration has been granted planning permission by Hounslow Borough Council for the delivery of a second phase at its popular mixed use scheme Brentford Lock West in Brentford.
The second phase of homes will include 141 new residential properties, including four bedroom townhouses and a collection of one, two and three bedroom apartments, as well as commercial space on the ground floor along Commerce Road.
Mæ Architects have been appointed to design the second phase and have been working closely with the developer and the local community to ensure that the delivery of this second phase offers a different architectural perspective, while complementing the initial phase of homes, currently under construction
Katie Sully, Development Director at ISIS Waterside Regeneration, said:
"With homes on the initial phase at Brentford Lock West selling well, securing planning for the second phase marked a great end to a very successful year in 2014. The scheme has already had a positive impact on this little corner of west London, with increased use of the local waterways and initiatives such as Cultivate London (an innovative urban farm, which has been on site since works first commenced), really adding to the sense of community that is building here. It was always the intention to have a number of architects design the different phases to ensure architectural diversity and it's important to us that we continue to liaise closely with the local community as the development evolves. We are very excited about the fresh perspective Mæ Architects will bring."
Alex Ely, partner at Mæ Architects, added:
"We've designed a scheme that is architecturally distinct whilst being of its place. Our design takes its cues from the waterways and its wharf architecture as well as drawing on characteristics of the nearby conservation area. We are excited about now taking it forward to construction and adding our bit to this great development."
Situated along the banks of the Grand Union Canal, Brentford Lock West forms part of a five year project, which is expected to breathe new life into Brentford, through the delivery of 520 new homes. In addition to providing much needed new housing, the scheme will also deliver new community spaces and commercial buildings, helping to create new jobs for the area. The homes, which are being delivered by leading waterside developer ISIS Waterside Regeneration, offer buyers a unique opportunity to secure a new, highly specified home, while benefiting from a host of community features and green initiatives – from roof top allotments to the delivery of a new watersports hub to be operated by Brentford Football Club Community Sports Trust.
The Sales and Marketing Suite is open daily, 10am - 5pm. For more information or to book an appointment call the Brentford Lock West sales team at Stubbings Property Marketing on 020 8569 7449, email email@example.com or visit www.brentfordlockwest.co.uk
New residents, locals and interested buyers were invited to join the sales team for some cake and pink fizz, with all funds raised going towards the charity.
It was a great day, with lots of money raised and the team would like to thank all those who came along.
With a mix of apartments and townhouses currently available at Brentford Lock West, interested buyers are being urged to call the sales team at Stubbings Property Marketing on 020 8569 7449, email email@example.com or visit www.brentfordlockwest.co.uk
The Sales and Marketing Suite is open daily, 10am - 5pm.


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Another IAQ/Humidifier/Furnace setup question
This might be too much to ask, but...
Had my 2 systems put in and the installers did a nice job, but after I noticed my Honeywell HE250A bypass humidifier was not working I looked and am pretty sure the installer didn't configure things right for the humidifier or for dehumidifying. They are coming back tomorrow, but I would like to understand this so I know they do it right.
Upstairs system is Trane XV90 2 stage var speed furnace with Trane XR15 single stage heat pump.
Downstairs system is Trane XV95 2 stage var speed furnace with Trane XR15 single stage heat pump and Honeywell TRUEEase HE250A bypass humidifier.
First the Humidifier. According to this picture the top dip switch should be set to the right and the lower to the left. Am I right? Installer did not set them to this.
From HVAC
Then on the IAQ it appears he should have installed a jumper between RH and H1 as shown in Fig 14 below. Correct?
From HVAC
And finally, for the general tstat to furnace/heat pump with dehumidify on demand how should this be wired and jumpered?
As for DOD from the IAQ diagram it looks as though DHM2 connects to the low speed fan terminal on the furnace. Is that the BK terminal? Why does the furnace install guide say "between R and BK"? I haven't actually looked at the board on the furnace but that doesn't make sense to me. Can someone help clear this up?
From HVAC


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Viva Club Paradiso
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... download the folder and then show the customs guy that my email version was the correct date. He made a call and stamped me in. Only a slight delay but I was staring to wonder how life would be for 5 days inside the Antalya airport. Inside any area where there was food or anywhere to purchase another ticket. :| And of course our luggage is somewhere in ...
... tourist trap in the center.
Everything cost 2 -3 times what it used to when I was here earlier and there are many more hotels and restaurants that catered to tourists. The locals stay away unless they work in this area.
We both had colds, so we just hunkered down and rested for a whole day, trying to stay warm. The next day we felt better, so we took a tram out to the Antalya Museum. This is where a ...