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Five Essential Tips for Advancing Your Nursing Career
March 9, 2015 - Whether you're just starting your nursing career
or you're mid-career and looking for a boost, the most important thing
you can do to advance your career is to do something. You don't have to study all RN careers or know exactly where you will end up, but you do need to start the journey.
How Much Do You Know About Travel Nursing? Take Our Quiz
February 10, 2015 - You may be familiar with travel nursing--either as a staff nurse who has worked side by side with travelers in your unit, or someone who has talked to a recruiter about travel nurse assignments. But how much do you really know about this unique career?
What Makes a Good Nurse Leader?
February 3, 2015 - Needed: More nurses willing to be nurse leaders.
Down with Dieting: Holistic Nutrition Looks at Individual Bodies, Lifestyles
January 13, 2015 - Just a couple of weeks into the New Year and
most of those dieting resolutions are already falling by the wayside.
Perhaps that makes this the perfect time to think more holistically
about health and not just making numbers on the scale drop a few
How Much Do You Know About Medical Foods? Take Our Quiz
January 13, 2015 - Nurses administer and instruct patients about using medical foods all the time, but how much do you really know about this special class of foods?
Nurses 'Most Trusted' Again; Leaders Suggest How to Stay That Way
January 12, 2015
- Most nurses realize that it is quite an honor to be a member of the
profession regularly cited as being the most honest and ethical.
Search for real nursing jobs across the U.S. right here. Just enter your search criteria to get started.
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Did you ever get this straightened out? In S.C., when you sue a public entity that is generally covered by the SC Tort Claims Act. This provides for a shorter statute of limitations and, at least in negligence situations, a higher level of proof. You may have a case, depending on the truth (or falsity) of the statement, your ability to prove that you did not get employed because of the information, and the degree of fault on the part of the school.
In general, a judicial foreclosure will be reported on a credit report for 10 years, as will a bankruptcy. Unfortunately, his signing over the properties by deed will not change his liability for the debts if he remains on the notes.

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Pepper 'Tray Size'
Hello everyone!
First id like to thank everyone for all there info i have read on these forums.
1. Im building an EBB and Flow system but i cant seem to find a definate answer to how big my "Flood Tray" needs to be. I Would like to have about 4 differant kinds of peppers (One plant of each kind). How big of a tray do i need for the 4 plants (Chile peppers). Id also like to keep it all in one tray if possible so any info on the dimensions needed for the tray would be great.
Probably depends on the kind of Chile peppers, but if you're planting Jalapeno, go BIG!
That was my Jalapeno plant 66 days after germination. It grew to be about 10x that size after a few more months, taking over that entire tray. It got so big I ended up getting rid of it, since my original intention was to grow herbs, and Jalapenos are plentiful in my area.
I would plant 16-18 inches apart for a full-bodied plant.
IÂm building a system for a friend that will be 4'x6' with the thought of planting 4 tomatoes, a couple Bells. You could always cram more, but in the long run less plants equal less work and if you can give them room they will love you for it. In this setup, I would certainly plant half light lovers around here and there; you would be surprised as to the bonus harvest.


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I read this article last night, precisely. It is absolute madness what our ludacris beliefs can make us do =(
7 Things Houstonians Don't Care About
By Chris Lane
The Weirdest Texas School Mascots
By Jeff Balke
By Aaron Reiss
By Angelica Leicht
Behind the Doors of the Spy Store
By Dianna Wray
The Best Things in Houston Pawn Shops
By Aaron Reiss
Ten Underrated Things About Houston
By Camilo Smith
Pet Products for the Rich and Insane
By Craig Malisow
Rhodes was standing by the table that held the vat and syringes, so he was close enough to Schacht that the doctor told him he needed a stethoscope from the nurses' office, apparently so he could later make sure that people were indeed dead. He may have started this process as soon as people collapsed, hence his being too occupied to be heard on the death tape.
One thing's for sure, though: Schacht would have known that an aide of Jones's was lying when she tried to reassure the parents who hesitated in coming up to the table after hearing the anguished screams of the first children to ingest the poison.
"They're not crying from pain," Maria Katsaris said over the children's wailing. "It's just a little bitter-tasting."
A similar lie came from Peoples Temple lawyer Mark Lane when, after the world heard the news, he was contacted by Ezra Schacht. Only this time it was meant as a token of mercy for a bewildered father. According to an FBI memo, Ezra "called Lane from Houston and asked...if Lane believed his son was a poisoner, adding that he (the father) was very shaken by the press coverage his son had received in Houston, Texas. Lane tried to put his son in the best possible light by advising Schacht's father that his son was possibly engaged in mercy killing to prevent more painful deaths in view of the presence of armed guards."
At the time, Schacht's fate was unknown; his body had not yet been identified. Danny Schacht, then 33, told the Associated Press that he doubted his brother would have killed himself.
"I don't see how a person who has invested so much time and effort in himself would be likely to throw it away," he was quoted as saying.
Apparently, Ezra had trouble seeing that as well. According to Jonestown researcher Fielding McGehee III, Ezra — ever distrustful of the government — believed the whole thing was a conspiracy. An exceptionally bright, detail-oriented man, Ezra created a complex "triptych" mapping out what he believed was a CIA connection to Jonestown.
According to McGehee, Ezra remained convinced Jonestown was a conspiracy right through the time he was killed in a car accident in Kemah in 2010. He was 91.
His obituary in Houston's Jewish Herald-Voice stated that he was survived by his son, daughter and second wife. There is no mention of a son preceding him in death.
In a way, the absence of Ezra's youngest son from his memorial is fitting. After all, at the time of Larry Schacht's death, he was calling another man "father."
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I read this article last night, precisely. It is absolute madness what our ludacris beliefs can make us do =(
Stick to posting recipes! What a horror to relive that terrible time.
Wow. I had no idea
Laura Arreguín lee esto!


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I am a research scientist and my partner is an acupuncturist We have a love for animals and nature. We enjoy good food and company. My partner and I believe in treating people as you would like to be treated.
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Brian J. Ensley
member for 5 years, 5 months, 18 days
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Bio and Links
I have been involved with genealogy since around 1982 and have published several books on area cemeteries as well as local history. It has been my goal to document as many cemeteries in my area as possible before much of the information is lost to time. Besides transcribing cemeteries I have recently found the value in photographing headstones as a way to help preserve this valuable information for future generations. It seems that most families have that one person who seems to answer a calling in life to be the family historian- I guess that's me as well as for my wife's family.
What I find incredible- I went from using a typewriter and carbon paper in the early 1980's, to now being able to take a photo of a headstone and upload it to this site instantly while in the cemetery, from my iphone.
If you want to see why what we do is so important and photographing headstones in order to preserve the information for future generations is vital, check out
Blough Cemetery
to see how a cemetery's condition can change in 15 years. This is NOT a numbers game- Again, it is a quest to preserve our heritage for future generations.
Now for the "Fine Print...:"
1) If you suggest any corrections/links, PLEASE use the edit link on the memorial and include all pertinent information. DO NOT e-mail suggestions, corrections or photo requests directly to me. Also, if I have created a memorial that is a relative, please feel free to ask to have it transferred. Just be sure to include your member number and relationship. If transferred, would appreciate any information that I have added remain intact after transfer. If I do not transfer a memorial, it is only because it is a relative of mine as well, unless you're more closely or directly related.
2) If I have a photo on here, I am the copyright holder unless I cite the source in the caption from another contributor. If it is a photo that I own, please feel free to use it in your own personal family tree such as Ancestry.com. HOWEVER, on any of my photos, be sure to cite the source to give proper credit.
3) When I add memorials for non-relatives, I try to be as complete and accurate as possible, and I do so with the same care and respect as I would for my own family member.
4) If I post a photo on a memorial in which you had already posted one, please don't take offense- sometimes additional photos under other conditions (ie- light, weather, etc.) can provide a whole different perspective. Many times I've swapped out my own photos when conditions were different the second time around and the new photo had more detail, especially with worn stones. If you are the owner of that memorial and don't want someone else's photos just ask and I will remove it. Likewise, if you have a photo to add to mine that can help enhance the memorial, please feel free to contribute.
5) Please show proper etiquette when it comes to people volunteering their time and gas. A simple thank you goes a long way. If you want multiple monuments photographed, please take the time to create a memorial for each person rather than attach a message to one request asking for multiple photos or "everyone else in that cemetery with the same surname."
6) Through my publisher I have published over a dozen books just on cemetery transcriptions alone, taking the time to carefully transcribe hundreds of cemeteries. I've noticed that people have taken that work to enter memorials "en masse" and are then uncooperative when it comes to transferring, correcting, linking and editing these memorials for family members and other researchers. This is not a numbers game so I would encourage a team approach in this project.
7) I will post obituaries to my memorials as long as the proper citation is made to give the proper credit for the source. If family members want their information private, then they should consider not having it published in the local newspaper/website and funeral home website. There is no legal expectation to privacy when the information has been made public. Death certificates are public record as well. As long as these sources are properly cited there should not be an issue in regards to copyright laws.
I appreciate all of the hard work my fellow volunteers and contributors have made to this site!
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Messages left for Brian J. Ensley (2666)
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matthew custer
Many thanks
Im extremely greatful for all your efforts especially with The photos and information with Shade Lutheran Cemetery I don't know that there is a single person I'm not related to intured there and live a good distance away thank you so much again for your efforts and care with all the people im positive you've helped my utmost respect to you and yours
Added by
matthew custer
on Mar 30, 2015 10:14 AM
judy wilson
RE: Lambert's
I will do that. I want to thank you so much and thank you for all the great work you have done on find a grave.
Added by
judy wilson
on Mar 29, 2015 1:13 PM
Boring Family
Brian - I have several very old pictures from the Amigh family home which includes a lot of pics that I cannot match up which may be from the Amigh, Singer, or even Ribblett (McLaughlin, Paul, and other family connections -- Blanche Boring with her children) family. I have a picture of Leonard (married my great-grandmother Hulda Dearmin), Nora and Celia Boring that I would really like to get in the hands of Nora and Celia's family. I also have one that is pretty bad shape but says Grandma and Grandpa Boring, which I believe may be Leonard's parents? I think you had a link to the Boring family? I also have pages from a Ribblett bible to share. Harry Ribblett was married to Lucinda Singer and they raised my grandfather, Lewis Harvey Amigh. Happy to share.
Please contact me at firstname.lastname@example.com. Lori J
Added by
on Mar 29, 2015 9:00 AM
thanks so much for fulfilling my photo request for Paul L. Glover, it is greatly appreciated.
thanks, take care, karen
Added by
on Mar 28, 2015 3:49 PM
Ivan & Rose Mikesic
Thanks for the great photo. And for checking on Francis & Loretta. You did a great job. Peggy
Added by
on Mar 26, 2015 2:25 PM
RE: Wojciech
Thank you so much! I will go and look at them. I am hoping that he is the Wojciech I am looking for.
LeAnne Sowa
Added by
on Mar 26, 2015 12:58 PM
Statler grave
I thank you very much for the photograph of Mr. Statler's grave. It was very kind of you to do!
Added by
on Mar 26, 2015 12:33 PM
Karen Hedrick
Georges at Forest Lawn
Thank you, Brian, for the photos of the gravestones of the George's and their wives at Forest Lawn. I really appreciate you taking the time to do this. Hope the wedding went well.
Added by
Karen Hedrick
on Mar 26, 2015 11:03 AM
Cheryl Carmany Marr
Sidney V Carmany
Thank you, Brian, for the lovely photo of Sidney's headstone. Your time and effort is appreciated!
Added by
Cheryl Carmany Marr
on Mar 25, 2015 5:55 PM
RE: Matthews photos
Thank you Brian, The father died before helen but I have found him yet. Ancestry.com and newspapers.com have not turned anything up. Yet :) no date ov death yet.
Added by
on Mar 25, 2015 5:14 PM
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Day 40 Home at Last!
Left Tomah Wisconsin early this morning knowing we had another long day of driving. Goal was to get home around 8:00 PM and we made it right on the dot! It felt good to walk into the house. It did not feel like we had been gone for 40 days! Speedometer says we traveled 10,000 miles! WOW! We sure saw many, many wonderful sights. Makes us so appreciative of this great country ...
Go East - D22
... me. The following afternoon sessions we were given almost free reign of the track with the expectation that passes were to be made with 15 feet of distance and only in certain places without additional guidance from one of the instructors circulating the track. Things really flowed from there.
I got some guidance to stay well away from the big scary monster on the outside of Turn 1. Point taken. Also good guidance on where to turn ...
Go East - D21
... technique. Bad technique is much like a bad foundation, eventually the house is going to collapse given enough stress.
Mastering the proper technique is something that requires tens of thousands if repetitions. There is no replacement for hardwork and diligent practice.
That ethos coupled with a willingness to take calculated risks is what allows a guy like Nate to win championships with bikes (back in the boxer days) that ...
Set for a While - Part II
... going to that gauge, which got worse when they messed with it. So they overnighted a new part, Jim took Max back down on Thursday, and hopefully all is fixed. And...warranty took care of it. Love those warranties.
While Jim went to Freightliner, I had lunch with Chris Marx, a long-time friend from horse ...
The Beginning
This morning we woke up later than we planned and finished up packing odds and ends. We said our farewells to Bella and seriously considered puppy-napping her and stealing her off to Canada. With heavy hearts we got into the car around 11 and started our journey up north with multiple considerations of turning around and getting her. The drive was uneventful, we drove through Missouri, Illinois, Indiana and ended in Ohio were we slept in out car. ...


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Oh yeah!
... The river was really neat to see, as were the houses. The view up from the valley floor was incredible as well. This was a quick little part of our day, but worth mentioning!
The other thing I forgot was the scariest part of our trip. That's only because I'm terrified of heights, Jonathan was fine. We climbed the tower of the town hall building to get the view at the top. I guess I didn't really know what we were getting ourselves into, but maybe the fact that only ...
Christmas explosion!
... I was able to sneak a few in before I saw that sign. The biggest room was about three stories high with a massive Christmas tree covered in over 1000 glass bulb ornaments. Even the ceiling was covered in Christmas decorations!
Now after a little nap were ready to make our way back into town and hopefully grab some dinner. Hopefully someone will serve us! Tomorrow we're planning on waking up, taking a last walk along the wall, and then hopping a mid-day train to ...
Bad Mergentheim to Rothenburg ob der Tauber
... and Dan get so excited when they find them and we can't help but get caught up in their enthusiasm!! They are good though)
We then had to have chocolate crepes for dessert - yummy!
After walking and enjoying the markets & town some more, we headed back to our hotel. We left the town by a different exit, so were a little lost for a while. Thanks to Meg's great navigational skills (which she clearly didn't get from her mother) we made it back safely.
Medieval Rothenburg charms us
... are gardens in every little back yard and corner, as well...this is a beautiful place! We met our fellow tour members, and about 100 strangers, back in the town square for the Night Watchman's tour of the city. A delightful fellow, in period costume and with a lantern and halberd, humorously shared history about his city while showing us some of the sites. This was enhanced by a full moon rising behind streaky clouds, with towers ...
Karlovy Vary
... hated the Eiffel Tower, but ate frequently at the restaurant, and when asked why he stated "because it is the only place from which I cannot see it". You would have to live in this place to not have to look at it. I couldn't even take a picture of it!
Our guide took us to a few springs, after we bought our special cups. They are designed so that you can drink the water without staining your teeth? Yes,you read that ...


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High energy, detail oriented office supply associate needed
Position Summary: Responsible for providing exceptional customer service and creating a customer centric environment. This person will also be required to perform store operational tasks as needed. General Purpose: Customer Service, Basic selling skills, Front ...
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Marketing Concierge- Gatlinburg
Join one of the fastest growing vacation ownership companies in the world, Diamond Resorts International®
Just say YES to an Opportunity of a Lifetime!
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Excellent Compensation Plan
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Event Specialist Part Time Sales
Summary Event Specialist Part Time Sales Are you outgoing, friendly and enjoy meeting new people? Our part time Event Specialist jobs for are fun and exciting and could be a great fit for you! Join our winning team as a retail demonstrator promoting best in class ...
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Sales Associate
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Trainer, Retail Sales
Overview: Mosaic is the leading North American Integrated Agency, specializing in Experiential Marketing, Sales and Merchandising, and Interactive. At Mosaic, we are never satisfied with the status quo and are in constant search for new ideas and new ways to help our clients ...
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Retail Sales Merchandiser Part Time
Summary If you are organized, self-motivated, friendly and people-oriented,the Retail Sales Merchandiser position may be a great role for you! A Retail Sales Merchandiser, services and sells to retail accounts within an assigned territory to ensure Client standards are ...
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Corbin - Everything else
Retail Sales Merchandiser Full Time
Summary Retail Sales Merchandiser The Retail Sales Merchandiser (RSM) is responsible for servicing and selling to retail accounts within an assigned territory to ensure Client standards are met and volume is increased. Advantage Sales & Marketing, LLC is proud to be an ...
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Summary Are you self-motivated, outgoing and friendly? Advantage Sales and Marketing wants people like you to be an Event Specialists in one of our clients' retail locations. What does an Event Specialist do? They generate excitement, brand awareness and boost sales by ...
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Retail Sales Representative Full Time
Summary Retail Sales Representative The Retail Sales Representative (RSR) is responsible for developing and growing sales volume in their assigned territory through effective fact-based selling and relationship building with retail account's operations personnel at ...
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Front Desk Supervisor
The Front Desk Supervisor is responsible for daily operations and overseeing all front desk functions. Responsibilities also include effectively handling guest questions, problems, concerns, and needs related to lodging or food and beverage, as well as, Blackberry Farm ...
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Outside Sales Representative – Manufacturing – Knoxville, TN
Company seeks an individual with great people skills and knowledge of manufacturing industry and capital equipment.
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Brand Ambassador XM - TN, Knoxville
Mosaic Sales Solutions is an event marketing agency that delivers brand experiences that bring our clients' products directly to the people who buy them. Advertising Age recently included us in their Best Places to Work in Marketing and Media list, and we are about to expand ...
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Retail Reset Merchandiser Part Time
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Applications Engineering Manager
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Program Manager
Responsible for managing and directing the daily execution of contract requirements to assure cost, schedules and performance goals are met. This individual will provide interface, communication and coordination with internal and external customers on matters ...
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Road trip nostalgia reel from our southbound trip from Canada to Bonnaroo Music Festival, Tennessee.
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Boozer Agrees to 5-Year, $80 Million Bulls Contract, ESPN Says
July 7 (Bloomberg) -- Free-agent forward Carlos Boozer has agreed to a five-year contract with the Chicago Bulls, ESPN reported on its website.
The agreement is worth $80 million, the network said, citing an unidentified person close to the negotiations. National Basketball Association teams may not sign players or discuss possible contracts publicly until tomorrow.
Boozer, 28, averaged 19.5 points and 11.2 rebounds per game last season for the Utah Jazz. The eight-year NBA veteran, a two-time All-Star, has career averages of 17.2 points and 10.2 rebounds.
The Bulls are among the NBA teams seeking to sign two-time league Most Valuable Player LeBron James, who will announce his decision tomorrow on a live 9 p.m. New York time broadcast on Walt Disney Co.'s ESPN.
The Bulls' signing of Boozer, which adds him to a roster that also includes point guard Derrick Rose and forward Joakim Noah, does not preclude them from also adding James, though they'd have to do some "creative financing" to fit him under the salary cap, ESPN said.
To contact the reporter on this story: Mason Levinson in New York at email@example.com
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Use these 10 tips for being creative from the groundbreaking book 'Steal Like An Artist'. It will completely change the...
"Values reduce to facts about the well-being of conscious creatures."-Sam Harris
Since the 60's, a common misconception about psychedelic drugs has infiltrated the public eye.
'The Private Eye' is about a future in which society has abandoned the Internet due to "the Cloud" bursting.
A very intelligent talk about intelligence, nature, evolution and co-existence
What's life without moments? Vacations should be a time to go away and come together.
Because who doesn't trust a mandarin, right?


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Ely bear cubs due any day; check out the bear cam
It's likely Lily will have cubs in the next few days. Births are typically in mid to late January. 10 (71%) of 14 females like Lily had cubs at age 3 in this study. Lily is heavy for her age, so her odds are even better.
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Saturday 11th April
Conservation activities at a glance
The Friends hold a work session every second Saturday of the month. There is usually at least another session each month run by The Conservation Volunteers on Tuesdays or Thursdays.
Tuesday 31st March
Join Jack Newman and the rest of the TCV volunteers as they build insect habitats on stretches of the Walk in Muswell Hill and clear bramble from the viaduct. Meet at the top of the steps from St James Lane.
Marathon man runs on behalf of the parks
Tony Healey, pictured here from the 2013 Big Clean Day, is the manager for Haringey's parks in the west of the borough. He will be running this year's London Marathon on Sunday April 26th. Tony is a great supporter of community involvement in our public parks and green spaces, and has decided to raise funds for the Haringey Friends of Parks Forum.
Click here to give Tony an extra boost
Tagging the Walk
To join the discussion please go to our facebook page
Hampstead Heath and Highgate Wood team's day on the Walk
We are very grateful to receive support from tree surgeons of The City of London who carried out some felling on the section in Muswell Hill at the end of last year. The previous year The Conservation Volunteers cleared a section of south facing embankment of bramble and ivy, and the clearing of some sycamores will now allow more light to break through. This kind of work is very expensive so a day of free services from a neighbouring park service is very valued. We will now watch to see what impact this will have on the area.
The Conservation Volunteers will be on this section on the 17th February when we will be moving some of the logs to other parts of the Walk create insect habits. All volunteers are welcome to join in. No experience needed.
Can you spare a couple of hours to help the conservation work in Muswell Hill?
Is graffiti getting out of control?
Walkers may have noticed that the volume of graffiti has been on the increase not only at Crouch Hill, but also further down the length of the Parkland Walk. Many passers-by are admirers of some of the paintwork, but we get a lot of feedback from people who feel this activity is not appropriate to a nature reserve and spoils their experience of walking in a green environment, filling the air with unpleasant fumes.
Graffiti, it should be remembered is a criminal offence, and the Parkland Walk is also a designated Nature Reserve. FPW welcome your feedback but are powerless to take action. If you see graffiti taking place we would remind you that it can be reported to the authorities directly as a criminal act in progress by dialling 101.
To join the discussion please go to our facebook page
You could be a flora recorder
If you would like to develop your wildflower identification skills, we have a couple of areas where we have cut back considerable amounts of bramble and would welcome volunteers who can record what plants take avantage of the new open ground and improved light.
You don't have to be a fully fledged professional to be a part of this.
If you are interested in getting involved, please drop us a line.


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This article was downloaded by:[Lincoln, Nadina B.]
On: 19 January 2008
Access Details: [subscription number 789513166]
Publisher: Informa Healthcare
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Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK
Disability & Rehabilitation
Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information:
The Everyday Memory Questionnaire - revised:
Development of a 13-item scale
Jane Roylea; Nadina B. Lincolna
aSheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, University of Nottingham,
Nottingham, UK
First Published on: 26 April 2007
To cite this Article: Royle, Jane and Lincoln, Nadina B. (2007) 'The Everyday
Memory Questionnaire - revised: Development of a 13-item scale', Disability &
Rehabilitation, 30:2, 114 - 121
To link to this article: DOI: 10.1080/09638280701223876
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09638280701223876
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The Everyday Memory Questionnaire–revised: Development
of a 13-item scale
Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Accepted January 2007
everyday life [1]. Previous studies have investigated the factor structure of the EMQ in both healthy participants and people
with multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of the present study was to confirm the factor structure of the EMQ, to determine the
internal consistency and criterion validity of the scale and to develop a shortened version.
Method.A retrospective design, including participants from a study on MS patients and their carers and a study on stroke
patients. Psychometric properties of the EMQ-28 were explored, and the measure was further revised from comparative
analyses between the clinical and non-clinical groups.
Results. Reliability and factor analysis of the EMQ-28 identified two main factors, general memory and attentional function,
showing some concordance with previous research. Further analysis reduced the questionnaire to a 13-item measure (EMQ-
R), with two main factors (Retrieval and Attentional tracking), strong internal reliability, and good discriminatory properties
between clinical and control groups.
Conclusions. The 28-item questionnaire consistently differentiated between two broad systems of memory and attention,
with some differentiation of visual and verbal, or language systems. Results showed some consistency with previous findings.
The revised, 13-item questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool that has good face validity for use with neurological patients.
Further exploration of the revised EMQ is recommended to provide information regarding its psychometric and clinical
The Everyday Memory Questionnaire (EMQ) was developed as a subjective measure of memory failure in
Keywords: Memory, assessment, cognition
Reliable measurement of the functional impact and
report of memory problems continues to present a
dilemma to the practitioner. Recent developments in
the practice of neuropsychology have led to a shift
from a diagnostic to ecological and rehabilitative
focus [2]. Traditional neuropsychological tests have
consistently been found to have poor ecological
validity, which is defined as the relationship between
performance on neuropsychological tests and beha-
viour in everyday settings [3]. Memory question-
naires, therefore, are proposed as a potentially useful
adjunct to traditional tests to improve such ecological
but varying validity [2,6,7]. The poor association
between memory tests and performance may result
from anomalies between everyday tasks and abilities
assessed by memory tests. Validity is higher when
memory questionnaires are compared to more
ecologically-based tests [8], and correlations between
questionnaires and test results have been higher
where questionnaires were completed by significant
others [1,3,9].
Herrman [10] reviewed 14 memory question-
naires, proposing that self-report measures do not
measure memory performance per se, but are
measures of metamemory, or beliefs about memory
performance. He concluded that there is valid utility
for memory questionnaires in the assessment of first
hand observations of one's own performance versus
second-hand report from others; an individual's
susceptibility to cognitive errors under stress; and
Correspondence: Jane Royle, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, and University of Nottingham, UK. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Disability and Rehabilitation, 2008; 30(2): 114–121
ISSN 0963-8288 print/ISSN 1464-5165 online ª 2008 Informa UK Ltd.
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as an assessment of cognitive function for people
with psychological and neurological disorders.
A valid and reliable memory questionnaire has
several uses for people with psychological, neurolo-
gical and physical health problems including: mea-
surement of outcome or process, an ecological tool
to assess everyday memory as an adjunct to standard
clinical tests, comparing metamemory and memory
beliefs for individuals with memory problems, asses-
sing insight and awareness, particularly if used with
both client and family member, and as a heuristic
tool to compare different types of memory com-
plaint. In the clinical setting they also provide an
opening to explore cognitive difficulties in a non-
threatening manner and an aid to engage someone in
a rehabilitation or therapeutic process, by asking for
the client's personal views and perceptions.
The Everyday Memory Questionnaire (EMQ) was
initially developed for use with survivors of head
injury [1] and has subsequently been further refined
and developed with both non-clinical and clinical
samples. The original questionnaire consisted of 35
items, which has since been altered to a 28-item
questionnaire [11] to increase the measure's validity
and facilitate self-administration. The 28-item scale
was developed with 22 items representing valid
memory difficulties, and six items representing floor,
or bogus items, representing atypical memory
difficulties as a measure of response validity. The
response format has also been altered over time,
from relative frequencies ('sometimes') to absolute
values (e.g., 'about once a week'), with a 9-point
scoring system simplified to a five-point scale [12]
although there are no reported analyses of the impact
on reliability and validity.
Clinical samples explored using the EMQ include:
Survivors of head injury [1,13,14,15]; the elderly [7,
16]; people with Alzheimer's disease [17]; survivors
of stroke [12,18,19]; multiple sclerosis [20,21,22]
and epilepsy [14].
Three studies have explored the factor structure of
the EMQ [17,22,23]. Cornish [23] administered the
28-item scale with the 9-point scoring system to a
sample of 277 undergraduates. Five factors ex-
plained 49% of the variance, which were proposed
to reflect underlying memory processes. Prior to this
study, Richardson and Chan [22] had explored the
factor structure of the original 35-item EMQ, using a
postal questionnaire with 115 MS patients. The
authors modified the measure, by including a
'nuisance' rating, and included patients' self-reports
and the ratings by relatives or carers in their analysis,
which somewhat confounds results. They also found
a five-factor structure, explaining 62% of variance.
More recently, Eflikides et al. [17] explored the
factor structure of the 28-item EMQ with a modified
4-point rating scale as part of a larger study exploring
relationships between the EMQ, Wechsler Memory
Scale (WMS) and the Rivermead Behavioural
Memory Test (RBMT). They included 233 non-
clinical individuals (Greek population) and found a
seven-factor structure, explaining 62% of variance.
They postulated that the EMQ measured metamem-
ory, an awareness of episodic memory problems, and
correlated with more concrete performance mea-
sures within the RBMT.
Although Cornish [23] and Richardson and Chan
[22] both identified a five-factor structure, there were
key differences between them. Richardson and Chan
identified their factors as: Receptive communication;
Route-finding; Absent-mindedness; Face recogni-
tion; and Expressive communication. Cornish's
factors were interpreted as: Retrieval; Task monitor-
ing; Conversational monitoring; Spatial memory;
and Memory for activities. Cornish proposed that
there were similarities between 'Conversational
'Spatial memory' and 'Route-finding'; and 'Task
monitoring' and 'Absent-mindedness', but that the
'Receptive communication' and 'Face recognition'
factors were not replicated in his study. There are
clear links between 'Conversational monitoring' and
'Expressive communication', with four of five items
in Richardson and Chan's study overlapping with
Cornish; and links between 'Spatial memory' and
'Route finding', with two of four items in Richardson
and Chan's study overlapping with Cornish. It is
unclear where the proposed links between 'Task
monitoring' and 'Absentmindedness' occur, how-
ever, given that 'Absentmindedness' consists of a
combination of factors 1, 2, 4 and 5 in the Cornish
study, with only one item overlapping with Cornish's
'Task monitoring', and a far stronger link with factor
1 'Retrieval'.
In comparison, Eflikides et al. [17] defined the
seven factors identified as: Problems in prospective/
general memory; Difficulties in learning and repeti-
tion of responses; Forgetting changes in daily
routines; Visuo-spatial; Semantic memory; Episodic
memory and for faces; and Visual reconstruction
'Visuo-spatial' and the 'Spatial' Factor in Cornish's
[23] study, and 'Route-finding' in Richardson and
Chan's [22] study. There are also links between
'Forgetting changes in daily routine' and the
'Memory for activities' factor in Cornish's study.
Otherwise, there are wide-ranging overlaps between
and across the three different studies.
These three studies indicate difficulties in clearly
defining the underlying factor structure of the EMQ,
other than a strong 'Spatial' factor, which is con-
sistent across both non-clinical and an MS popula-
tion. Findings are complicated by the different
samples, methodology and type of questionnaires
The Everyday Memory Questionnaire–revised
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used. We have identified no studies that compare
the validity of the EMQ across different groups of
clinical and non-clinical participants. The EMQ has
also been altered over time, simplifying its scoring
system, with no data on the psychometric impact.
Cornish [23] suggested extending the items in the
EMQ to improve its psychometric properties and
diagnostic utility. In clinical practice, however, the
28-item questionnaire is quite lengthy, with anecdotal
evidence that some items can be difficult to interpret,
and feel repetitive. Although there is obvious merit in
extending the questionnaire to improve its psycho-
metric and diagnostic properties, the use of the EMQ
as a clinical tool would suggest a need to reduce the
items, to improve its face validity and ease of use, but
maintain an element of differentiation between
different everyday memory failures.
The aims of this study were:
To determine the internal consistency and
factor structure of the 5 response category
version of the EMQ in healthy participants;
To determine the construct validity by com-
paring patients with memory problems with
healthy participants;
To develop a shortened version of the ques-
tionnaire for clinical use and to determine its
sensitivity to differences between patients with
memory problems and healthy participants;
To determine the internal consistency and
factor structure of the revised version of the
EMQ in clinical participants (people with
memory problems following MS and stroke)
and healthy participants.
Data were drawn from two sources for three groups:
A sample of MS patients (n¼160) from a study
evaluating cognitive assessment and intervention
[20]; a healthy control sample, (n¼98) comprising
relatives of the MS patients from Lincoln et al. [20];
and a sample of stroke patients (n¼90) from a drug
treatment trial with memory-impaired stroke patients
Participantswith clinically
probable or laboratory supported MS were recruited
from a multiple sclerosis management clinic at
University Hospital, Nottingham. Although all were
screened for cognitive profile, there were no exclu-
sion or inclusion criteria based on cognitive perfor-
mance. Participants in this study were randomly
allocated to receive either a cognitive assessment or a
cognitive assessment and rehabilitation. The healthy
control sample was recruited from relatives of the
definite, clinically
MS group. The stroke patients were recruited from
the register of stroke admissions to the City,
University and General hospitals in Nottingham for
a treatment trial. All had evidence of memory
problems as assessed on the Rivermead Behavioural
Memory Test. Participant characteristics are shown
in Table I. Ethical approval was granted by Notting-
ham Local Research Ethics Committee.
The revised version of the Everyday Memory
Questionnaire [24] was administered to all partici-
pants. Those in the healthy control group and stroke
sample were sent the questionnaire by post. Those in
the MS sample were asked to complete the ques-
tionnaire as part of a broader battery of outcome
measures, carried out by interview 4 months after
recruitment to the study by an independent assessor,
blind to group allocation.
The EMQ consisted of 28 items, each describing
everyday activities, which may involve memory
failure. A 5-point scoring was used with a scale of:
0 (once or less in the last month); 1 (more than once
a month but less than once a week); 2 (about once a
week); 3 (more than once a week but less than once a
day); and 4 (once or more in a day) [20].
Statistical analyses
All data were analysed using SPSS version 11 for
Windows statistical package. Reliability analyses
(using Cronbach's alpha) and factor analyses (using
a principal components analysis and either a direct
oblimin or varimax rotation, depending on results)
were carried out on the non-clinical sample initially.
Items were removed in a stepwise fashion according
to the following criteria:
Corrected item-total correlations less than 0.3
in reliability analyses;
Table I. Descriptive statistics for three groups.
control n¼98
Mean total EMQ (25 item)
J. Royle & N. B. Lincoln
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Items that poorly differentiated the three
samples (healthy controls, MS and Stroke),
defined as not significant or significant only at
the 5% level in one-way analyses of variance
with Bonferroni post hoc test of multiple
Items with consistent low scores across the
three samples, defined as (a) having item
means lower than the total scale mean for all
3 groups, and (b) less than 20% of each group
scoring 3–4 for the item.
Reliability and factor analysis of the non-clinical
sample were then repeated for the revised scale,
using Cronbach's alpha and principal components
factor analysis with direct oblimin or varimax
rotation, as appropriate [23,25,26], estimating num-
ber of factors to be retained as those with Eigenvalues
over 1.
Comparisons across the three samples were
carried out, using one-way analyses of variance, with
the non-parametric Welch statistic where variances
were not homogenous and the Bonferroni post hoc
test. The mean total for the 13-item scale and each
factor were compared.
Reliability and Factor analyses, using healthy
control sample
Participants' total scores on the questionnaire are
shown in Table I. Cronbach's alpha for the scale was
high (0.91) indicating strong internal reliability. On
checking the individual items, three were found to
have low corrected item-total correlations: item 11
(Failing to recognize, by sight, close relatives or
friends that you meet frequently) (r¼0.13); item 19
(Forgetting important details about yourself, e.g.,
your birthdate or where you live) (r¼0.01); and item
25 (Getting lost or turning in the wrong direction on
a journey, on a walk, or in a building where you have
often been before) (r¼0.18). These items were
removed and the analyses repeated resulting in a
Cronbach's alpha of 0.92, with all items showing a
corrected item-total correlation of at least 0.3,
indicating strong internal reliability.
A factor analysis of the remaining 25 items was
carried out for the healthy controls (n¼98). A
principal components analysis using a varimax
rotation produced a 5-factor solution, which ex-
plained 61% of the variance. Results are shown in
Table II.
Comparisons across three groups
Overall scale totals and all remaining 25 items were
compared across the three groups using one-way
analyses of variance (total scores are shown in Table
I). Levene's test for homogeneity of variance was
violated for all the items, therefore the more
conservative Welch test for significance was used,
and the Bonferroni post hoc test, to allow for
multiple comparisons. There were significant differ-
ences between the three groups for total EMQ score
(p50.001) indicating that the scale is sensitive to
differences in memory between the groups. Bonfer-
roni post hoc analysis indicated that 5 items did not
differentiate between the 3 groups (1,7,10,21,26).
Low occurrence was taken into account by
identifying low scoring items across the 3 groups.
Low scoring was defined as (a) having item means
lower than the total scale mean for all 3 groups, and
(b) less than 20% of each group scoring 3–4 for the
item. Nine items were identified as low scoring using
these criteria (2,3,4,12,21,22,23,26,27). Both of
these sets of items were removed, leaving a 13-item
scale (see Appendix 1).
Participants' total scores on the questionnaire,
summed over all 13 items, ranged from 0–41, with a
mean total of 9.75 (SD 8.6) (n¼98). Cronbach's
alpha for the scale was high (0.89), and all items
Table II. Loadings from initial factor analysis, healthy-control sample.
Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3Factor 4 Factor 5
Item LoadingItem LoadingItem LoadingItem LoadingItemLoading
The Everyday Memory Questionnaire–revised
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showed a corrected item-total correlation of at least
0.3, indicating strong internal reliability.
A principal components analysis estimating factors
by a scree plot with Eigenvalues over 1, using an
oblimin rotation suggested 3 factors explaining 62%
of the variance. Correlations among the 3 factors
were low to moderate, ranging from 0.20–0.48.
Table III shows the final factor pattern matrix,
together with means and communalities for indivi-
dual items. All factors have at least two items with
loadings of 0.5 or greater. Based on the items with
the heaviest loadings, the following interpretations
are offered for two of the three factors:
Factor 1: Retrieval. Similar to Cornish's 'retrieval', items
in this factor concern failing to recall recent events
(5,6,8,15) retrieving words from memory (13) and
prospective memory (14,18). Indications are that these
memories are stored and accessed with prompts, but
retrieval without prompts is unreliable.
Factor 2: Attentional tracking. All four items in this factor
(16,17,20,28, and associated links with 18 and 9)
concern losing track in conversation or when reading,
suggesting an attentional or working memory problem.
Items in factor 3 share little in common and there
is no clear interpretation of the processes involved in
Comparisons across 3 groups: 13-item scale
A one-way analysis of variance was carried out
comparing the whole 13-item scale, and the three
factors. Factor scores were calculated by totalling
the items in each factor, weighting them equally.
As variances were not homogeneous, the more
conservative Welch statistic was used. Bonferroni
post hoc tests were used for multiple comparisons
between groups. Results are shown in Table IV.
Results show highly significant differences be-
tween groups for the revised scale, and for each
factor, with stroke patients scoring the highest
overall. Bonferroni tests also showed significant
differences between groups for all combinations
except between MS and stroke patients for Factor
2, and between healthy controls and MS patients for
Factor 3. Generally, Factor 1 represents the highest
scoring items and Factor 3 the lowest. MS patients
scored highest for Factor 1 (retrieval) and Factor 2
(attentional tracking). Stroke patients scored highly
for all three.
Pearson Product Moment correlations were cal-
culated between the original 28-item and the revised
13-item scales across all 3 groups. The two versions
were very highly significantly correlated, for the
whole sample r¼0.97, p50.001; and each group
(healthy control r¼0.97; p50.001; MS r¼0.98;
p50.001; stroke r¼0.94; p50.001).
The main aims of this study were to determine the
psychometric properties of the 28-item EMQ (five
response category version) for healthy participants
and participants with memory problems. These
analyses were then drawn upon to revise the ques-
tionnaire, resulting in a 13-item questionnaire with
potential to be used as a valid and reliable measure of
individuals' beliefs about memory performance
in everyday life. The psychometric properties of the
28-item questionnaire were explored using the
healthy control group (n¼98). Initial reliability
Table III. Mean scores and factor loadings in the three-factor solution (direct oblimin rotation).
Orig. No. Factor and abridged itemMeanSD Communalities
Factor 1: Retrieval
Having to check whether you have done something
Forgetting when it was that something happened
Forgetting that you were told something yesterday
Finding that a word is 'on the tip of your tongue'
Completely forgetting to do things you said you would
Forgetting important details of what you did
Forgetting to tell somebody something important
Factor 2: Attentional Tracking
When talking to someone, forgetting what you just said
When reading a paper, being unable to follow the story
Getting the details mixed up
Repeating to someone what you have just told them
Factor 3:
Starting to read something you have read before
Forgetting where things are normally kept
J. Royle & N. B. Lincoln
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analyses indicated internal reliability that was im-
proved by removal of three items (11,19,25). Initial
factor analyses on the remaining 25-item scale
yielded results that differed somewhat from previous
findings [17,22,23], although there was some con-
sistency with Cornish's [23] study with a 'General
memory' factor (incorporating a combination of
Cornish's 'Retrieval' and 'Memory for activities');
and a 'Visual attention' factor (incorporating a com-
bination of Cornish's 'Task monitor' and 'Spatial
It may be that differences in sample, recruitment
and methodologies could explain differences in
factor structures identified. However, if everyday
memory abilities involve different cognitive domains,
consistency would be expected regardless of the
sample studied. These results indicate that the
questionnaire used with a non-clinical population
does fairly reliably and consistently differentiate
between two broad systems of memory and atten-
tion, with some differentiation of visual versus verbal,
or language systems.
The main aim of this study was to develop a
reliable and valid clinical tool. A 13-item scale was
developed. Reliability analyses indicated strong
internal reliability with good correlations between
each item and the item total. Further factor analyses
of the revised scale carried out using the healthy
control group indicated a three-factor solution. The
first, and strongest, factor 'Retrieval' showed marked
similarities with the original 'General memory' factor
for the full scale, and Cornish's [23] 'Retrieval' factor
(items 6,8,13,14,15). All of these items involve a
distinct memory failure, suggesting a failure of a
retrieval system (i.e., failing to recall without
prompt). The second factor 'Attentional tracking'
included four items all involving attention, mostly
verbal, with one visual item (item 17). This factor has
some concordance with the original 'Visual atten-
tion' factor (items 17 and 28) and Cornish's
'Conversational monitor' (items 20 and 28). The
third factor showed the strongest overlap with
Eflikides et al.'s [17] 'Visual reconstruction' (items
9 and 24) but no similarities were found with
Richardson and Chan's [22] study, despite including
a similar clinical group. It is not clear what the
common elements to this factor are but it could be
retained pending further clarification.
As with the original questionnaire, the factor
analysis of the revised scale broadly differentiated
between memory and attentional systems. A com-
parison of means across the three groups (clinical
and healthy control) showed that the 13-item scale
differentiated between the groups, with the stroke
group scoring highest overall, for the total score and
factor totals. Analyses indicate that 'Retrieval' and
'Attentional tracking' factors best differentiated
between both clinical and the healthy control group.
Further evidence of the validity of the revised scale
was confirmed by the strong relationships between
the original and revised versions, suggesting that the
revised 13-item questionnaire could provide a valid
and reliable tool for clinical use as a measure of
individual's attitudes and beliefs about memory
difficulties, withsome
memory and attentional problems.
It is important to take into account methodological
limitations when considering these results. A retro-
spective analysis was used, including data from two
previous studies. The healthy control sample was
drawn from relatives of patients in the MS study, and
therefore presented a reasonable match for the MS
patients, but it would have been preferable to have an
additional well-matched control sample for the
stroke group. We have little demographic informa-
tion, and there were differences in sample sizes and
significant age differences between the stroke and the
other two groups. The stroke sample was signifi-
cantly older than the healthy control or MS groups.
However, age alone would not be expected to affect
the factor structure of the scale. Formal memory
assessment would have further informed results,
providing information on the nature of any memory
impairment, as the healthy control group, in parti-
cular,may have had
memory difficulties.
In addition, there were differences in the method
of administering the EMQ. It was sent out as postal
questionnaires to stroke patients, whereas it was
administered by a researcher who was known to MS
patients and their families. However it would be
expected that the items would retain their relation-
ships with each other even though the levels of
impairment may differ.
This analysis has yielded a revised, shortened
version of the EMQ, with sound psychometric
properties. The questionnaire provides a potentially
useful clinical tool, to explore subjective report and
beliefs about memory and attentional difficulties with
a range of clients. It is short and therefore more likely
to be used in clinical practice than the original
previously unrecognised
Table IV. Comparison of three groups on the 13-item scale and
three factors.
control MSStroke
Mean SDMean SDMeanSD
Revised scale***
Factor 1***
Factor 2***
Factor 3***
Note: ***p50.001:1post hoc tests not significant.
The Everyday Memory Questionnaire–revised
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version. It may also provide a useful aid to engage-
ment in therapy or rehabilitation, as a systematic
method of gathering subjective perceptions and
beliefs about difficulties.
Further research is needed to directly compare
report using the EMQ-R to formal assessment of
memory and attention, using both traditional and
more ecologically valid assessment tools, such as
the RBMT [27] or the Test of Everyday Attention
[28]. Finally, further concurrent validity is needed,
comparing results from the EMQ-R with similar
questionnaires, such as the Cognitive Failures
Questionnaire [9] and the Cognitive Difficulties
Scale [29], which both measure similar constructs.
In addition an assessment of test-retest reliability is
essential if the EMQ-R is used as a measure of
change, for example following rehabilitation The
reliability of the full EMQ has been found to be good
(r¼0.85) [17] but further studies are needed.
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6. Larrabee GJ, Crook TH. The ecological validity of memory
testing procedures: Developments in the assessment of every-
day memory. In: Sbordone RJ, Long CJ, editors. Ecological
validity of neuropsychological testing. Delray-Beach FL: GR
Press/St Lucie Press; 1996. pp 225–242.
7. Sunderland A, Watts K, Baddeley AD, Harris JE. Subjective
memory assessment and test performance in elderly adults.
J Gerontol 1986;41:376–384.
8. Schlechter TM, Herrman DJ, Sronach P, Rubenfeld L,
Zenker S. Metamemory Questionnaires. Paper presented at
the American Educational Research Meeting, New York;
9. Broadbent DE, Cooper PF, Fitzgerald P, Parkes KR. The
cognitive failures questionnaire (CFQ) and its correlates. Br J
Clin Psychol 1982;21:1–16.
10. Herrman DJ. Know thy memory: The use of questionnaires
to assess and study memory. Psychological Bull 1982;92:
11. Sunderland A, Harris JE, Gleave J. Memory failures in
everyday life following severe head injury. J Clin Neuropsy-
chol 1984;6:125–141.
12. Tinson DJ, Lincoln NB. Subjective memory impairment after
stroke. Int Disabil Stud 1987;9:6–9.
13. Boake C, Freeland JC, Ringholz GM, Nance ML, Edwards
KE. Awareness of memory loss after severe closed head injury.
Brain Inj 1995;9:273–283.
14. Goldstein LH, Polkey CE. Everyday memory after unilateral
temporal lobectomy or amygdalo-hippocampectomy. Cortex
15. Quemada JI, Cespedes JMM, Ezkerra J, Ballesteros J, Ibarra
N, Urruticoechea I. Outcome of memory rehabilitation in
traumaticbrain injury assessed
tests and questionnaires. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2003;18:
16. Seltzer B, Vasterling JJ, Hale MA, Khurana R. Unawareness
of memory deficit in Alzheimer's disease: Relation to mood
and other disease variables. Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychol
Behav Neurol 1995;8:176–181.
17. Eflikides A, Yiultsi E, Kangellidou T, Kounti F, Dina F,
Tsolaki M. Wechsler Memory Scale, Rivermead Behavioural
Memory Test and Everyday Memory Questionnaire in healthy
adults and Alzheimer's patients. Eur J Psychological Assess
18. Stewart FM, Sunderland A, Sluman SM. The nature and
prevalence of memory disorder late after stroke. Br J Clin
Psychol 1996;35:369–379.
19. Towle D, Edmans J, Lincoln NB. Use of computer presented
games with memory impaired stroke patients. Clin Rehabil
20. Lincoln NB, Dent A, Harding J, Weyman N, Nicholl C,
Blumhardt LD, Playford ED. Evaluation of cognitive assess-
ment and cognitive intervention for people with multiple
sclerosis. J Neurol, Neurosurg Psychiatry 2002;72:93–99.
21. Richardson JTE. Memory impairment in multiple sclerosis:
Reports of patients and relatives. Br J Clin Psychol 1996;35:
22. Richardson JTE, Chan RCB. The constituent structure of
subjective memory questionnaires: Evidence from multiple
sclerosis. Memory 1995;3:187–200.
23. Cornish IM. Factor structure of the everyday memory ques-
tionnaire. Br J Psychol 2000;91:427–438.
24. Sunderland A, Harris JE, Baddeley AD. Assessing everyday
memory after severe head injury. In: Harris JE, Morris PE,
editors. Everyday memory, actions, and absentmindedness.
London: Academic Press; 1984. pp 193–212.
25. Kline P. The handbook of psychological testing. London:
Routledge; 1993.
26. Kline P. An easy guide to factor analysis. London: Routledge;
27. Wilson BA, Cockburn J, Baddeley AD. The Rivermead
Behavioural Memory Tests. Bury St Edmunds, UK: Thames
Valley Test Company; 1984.
28. Robertson IH, Ward T, Ridgeway V, Nimmo-Smith I. The
test of everyday attention. Bury St Edmunds, UK: Thames
Valley Test Company; 1994.
29. McNair D, Kahn R. The cognitive difficulties scale. In: Crook
T, Ferris S, Bartus R, editors. Assessment in geriatric
psychopharmacology. New Canaan, CT: Mark Powley and
Associates; 1983. pp 137–143.
by neuropsychological
J. Royle & N. B. Lincoln
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Downloaded By: [Lincoln, Nadina B.] At: 20:38 19 January 2008
Appendix 1
Everyday Memory Questionnaire – Revised
Below are listed some examples of things that happen to people in everyday life. Some of them may happen
frequently and some may happen very rarely. We should like to know how often on average you think each one
has happened to you over the past month. Write the appropriate letter in the box beside the item.
Once or less in the last month.
More than once a month but less than once a week.
About once a week.
More that once a week or less than once a day.
Once or more in a day.
Having to check whether you have done something that you should have done.
Forgetting when it was that something happened; for example, whether it was
yesterday or last week.
Forgetting that you were told something yesterday or a few days ago, and maybe
having to be reminded about it.
Starting to read something (a book or an article in a newspaper, or a magazine)
without realizing you have already read it before.
Finding that a word is 'on the tip of your tongue'. You know what it is but cannot
quite find it.
Completely forgetting to do things you said you would do, and things you planned
to do.
Forgetting important details of what you did or what happened to you the day
When talking to someone, forgetting what you have just said. Maybe saying
'what was I talking about?'
When reading a newspaper or magazine, being unable to follow the thread of a story;
losing track of what it is about.
Forgetting to tell somebody something important, perhaps forgetting to pass on a
message or remind someone of something.
Getting the details of what someone was told you mixed up and confused.
Forgetting where things are normally kept or looking for them in the wrong
Repeating to someone what you have just told them or asking someone the same
question twice.
Please check that you have put a letter in EVERY box. THANK YOU.
The Everyday Memory Questionnaire–revised


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How Do I Know If I Have Histoplasmosis
Here's a taste of what TheBody.com has to offer on this topic:
Ask the Experts
histoplasmosisGood morning,I was diagnosed with histoplasmosis.One year ago with cd-4 of 48, I was hospitalized with high fevers of unknown origin. I was treated with antibiotics and released. I was tested and treated at that time for histo, but urine and blood...
Response from Judith Feinberg, M.D.
University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine...Histoplasmosis can be an elusive diagnosis. Coming from the Ohio River Valley certainly puts you at high risk for this infection because it Read more »
Histoplasmosis Test ResultsHi, I was diagnosed with HIV last year after being hospitalized for what turned out to be... Read more »
HistoplasmosisMy family member is an Aids patient. He has been diagnosed with histoplasmostis He is on... Read more »
Fungal Infections... Table of Contents What Are Fungal Infections? Candidiasis Cryptococcosis Histoplasmosis Aspergillosis Conclusion What Are Fungal Infections? Fungi (singular is fungus) are a kind of germ. Most fungi are Read more »
AIDS Defining Conditions...HIV-related Herpes simplex: chronic ulcer(s) (greater than 1 month's duration); or bronchitis, pneumonitis, or esophagitis Histoplasmosis, disseminated or extrapulmonary Isosporiasis, chronic intestinal (greater than 1 month's duration) ... Read more »
Pneumonias...plan your treatment carefully with your doctor Other (Rare) Cases of Pneumonia in HIV-Positive People Cytomegalovirus Histoplasmosis Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis (LIP) Seen generally in children under 13 years old Also... Read more »
Systemic Candidiasis...nystatin (Mycostatin, Pedi-Dri) may be preferable for pregnant women. For treating or preventing other fungal infections, like histoplasmosis, the Guidelines suggest amphotericin B, especially in the first trimester. It is also approved for... Read more »
Connect With Others
HIV and Chickens
Posted by wifey, 2 RepliesHi all...Im new here and I have a question I hope you all can help me with. My hubby is HIV+ and Im negative. Hubbys numbers are pretty good. CD4 370s VL is undectable. He has decided he wants to raise chickens! Im concerned about the chicken... Read more »
Am I Infected
Posted by delhiguy, 3 RepliesI am 30 YO guy. Worried that I may have got infected. I met this friend of mine on 5th of Dec 2010 which was just a causual meeting after 5 years. After having drinks she started touching me and I got aroused and we end up mating. While in act, she... Read more »
need Some Light Shed On My situation Please
Posted by Jaypoc0, 1 ReplyHey all Its Me Ron again. So I Have Noticed That iM Not Worring As Much And Things Seem to Have Stoped. But Their Are StilL some Things That Persist. Like I Get Itchy In Random Places On My Bodie Every Once In A While. Little Tiney Red PiN Head Dots... Read more »
Posted by LostNconfused, 5 RepliesI tested positive 3 days before Christmas and I think I am still numb to the fact. I haven't told any friends or family because I really don't know how and most are judgemental and I'm sure will walk away. But I guess if they do, then I didn't need... Read more »
Resource Centers
Guides for People With HIV


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Recipe Themes
- Cooking Methods
- Dish Types
- Recipe Types
- Seasons
- Servings
In Mexico, sopa seca, or dry soup, is served as a pasta course would be in Italy. This recipe for Sopa Seca de Fideo ...
Choose the smallest artichokes you can find; the truly small ones have no choke to speak of and can be served whole.
The long, thin strips of meat attached to each chicken breast half is known as the tender. Available at supermarkets,...
For a simpler stuffing, fill each wonton skin with three small whole raspberries.Plus: More Dessert Recipes and Tips
The meatballs made by Venice's bacari are delightfully soft because they contain a large proportion of mashed pot...
These wontons can be deep-fried, steamed or boiled and may be served with any one of the accompanying dipping sauces.
These wontons can be deep-fried, steamed or boiled and may be served with any one of the accompanying dipping sauces.
Plus: More Dessert Recipes and Tips
This salad offers a plethora of contrasting flavors and textures: tangy goat cheese and slightly bitter frisée, ...
Can't find what you're looking for here? Try our recipe search:
Congratulations to Mei Lin, winner of Top Chef Season 12.


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James Davis, M.D., a specialist in sleep disorders, has joined the staff at Cookeville Regional Medical Center and will be seeing patients in his new office located within the hospital's Sleep Center at 100 West Fourth Street, Suite 350 in Cookeville.
Board certified in sleep medicine as well as internal and pulmonary medicine, Dr. Davis received his medical degree from the University of Tennessee College of Medicine in Memphis. He completed a residency in internal medicine at Eastern Virginia Graduate School of Medicine in Norfolk and a fellowship in pulmonary medicine at the VA Medical Center (University of Virginia-affiliated) in Salem. He then went on to complete a sleep medicine fellowship at the University of Mississippi Medical Center in Jackson.
No stranger to the Upper Cumberland area, Dr. Davis has previously provided services at both Cookeville Regional Medical Center and Livingston Regional Hospital in pulmonary medicine. Most recently Dr. Davis was the sleep lab director at Trover Healthcare in Madisonville, Kentucky.
As the only physician in the Upper Cumberland whose practice is dedicated solely to sleep medicine, Dr. Davis is available to see patients who think they have a sleep disorder and wish to be evaluated or patients who have been diagnosed with a sleep disorder and need to be monitored and /or reevaluated.
The Sleep Center of Cookeville Regional provides services to diagnose and treat many types of sleep disorders and employs eleven registered polysomnography technicians dedicated to determining the causes and treatments of specific sleep problems. The Sleep Center is the only sleep center in Cookeville that is JCAHO-accredited (as required by Blue Cross/Blue Shield) and is the largest sleep center between Nashville and Knoxville. It is also the only sleep center in the region that provides pediatric sleep studies for children.
In addition to having Dr. Davis seeing patients within the Sleep Center, the center is under the directorship of David Henson, M.D., a specialist in pulmonary and critical care medicine as well as sleep medicine. Vijay Rupanaqudi, M.D. is also affiliated with the Sleep Center and specializes in pulmonary and critical care medicine in addition to sleep medicine.
Dr. Davis and his wife Jane are pleased to be back in Upper Cumberland region, and he looks forward to serving the specialized needs of patients with sleep disorders in the region.
Dr. Davis is accepting new patients. If you have a sleep disorder or think you have a sleep disorder, call 931-783-2753 to make an appointment.


text:
Governor Gina Raimondo's pick to lead the State Board of Education faces a hearing Wednesday. Barbara Cottam is scheduled to appear before the Senate Education Committee.
Cottam, who currently works as an executive vice president for Citizens Bank Financial Group, has a background in politics. She worked for governors Bruce Sundlun and Joseph Garrahy, and she's married to Garrahy's son, John Garrahy. The couple has two daughters, who attend a private school in Providence.
The State Council on Elementary and Secondary Education is expected to vote tonight on new rules for high school graduation.
The proposal would finalize a delay in the use of of standardized test scores for a diploma until 2020.
Test scores were supposed to become a requirement last year, but state lawmakers voted to pause the rule until 2017 after an outcry from some students, teachers and community groups. State Education Commissioner Deborah Gist then proposed extending the delay until 2020.
The Rhode Island Board of Education has released dates for a series of hearings on delaying high stakes testing until at least 2020.
Earlier this year, state lawmakers halted a plan to introduce standardized test scores as a graduation requirement for the class of 2014. The legislation puts off the use of testing as part of the state's diploma system until 2017.
The legislation prompted State Education Commissioner Deborah Gist to propose waiting until 2020 to introduce high stakes testing. The Board of Education is now considering the new timetable.
The head of the Rhode Island Chapter of the American Civil Liberties Union says he welcomes any further delay in linking test scores to high school graduation.
ACLU of RI Director Steve Brown says waiting until 2020 could give schools more time to address systemic problems and intervene with struggling students. But Brown says he remains concerned that the State Department of Education is simply delaying a policy that would hold students accountable for the failures of their schools.
In the wake of a General Assembly decision to delay standardized testing for a high school diploma until 2017, Rhode Island Education Commissioner Deborah Gist is now suggesting that the policy be pushed back even further to 2020. Rhode Island Public Radio Education Reporter Elisabeth Harrison asked Gist what made her change her position after arguing vigorously that Rhode Island should start linking test scores and diplomas this year.
Rhode Island's Education Commissioner Deborah Gist is recommending more delays for a policy linking standardized test scores to a high school diploma. Gist says she now believes the policy should remain on hold until 2020.
The comments may come as a surprise after Gist championed the test-linked diploma for months despite increasing pressure from some students and groups like the American Civil Liberties Union, who said the policy was unfair to low-income students and students with disabilities.
School officials say they plan to keep up their efforts to help high school students improve their test scores, even if the test scores won't count towards a high school diploma.
A signature from Governor Lincoln Chafee is the last thing standing between students and a bill that would delay the use of high school exit exams until at least 2017.
The State Department of Education says roughly 95 percent of this year's high school seniors have met a controversial new graduation requirement involving test scores. Nearly 500 students met the requirement by getting a waiver from their school districts.
Most high schools have already held graduations, but RIDE says it does not have a final number for how many students were prevented from receiving diplomas because of the testing requirement. Education Commissioner Deborah Gist told RIPR students can still appeal graduation decisions.
State Education Commissioner Deborah Gist has declined to comment, at least in person, on Providence's waiver of the testing portion of the state's diploma system for roughly 200 seniors. She did provide the following written statement to RIPR, via email.
Rhode Island's House Committee on Health, Education and Welfare has scheduled testimony Wednesday on a bill seeking to reduce the use of "out of school" suspensions in public schools.
The bill would also require education officials to collect and analyze discipline data to determine how policies are affecting minority students.


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2006 Steigerman Baby Grand in Polish Ebony with Pianodisc player system.comes with CD's and matching bench. Just tuned
Mar 27 -
San Francisco Bay Area :
San Lorenzo
Very beautiful and rich in sound and color Japanese made Mahogany Yamaha model C2 Baby Grand Piano! This piano was made in year 2000 and is very well preserved over the course of 15 years, with only a couple, very minor and unnoticeable scratches on the top back. The piano ...
Mar 23 -
Chico :
This great sounding, nice size baby grand piano (5'7") has been owned since my parents bought it in 1958. I practiced on it for 10 years but I have never played it much in my adult life. We're turning the living room into a downstairs bedroom so we don't have to climb ...
Mar 23 -
San Francisco Bay Area :
Los Altos
Since 1979, the name R. KASSMAN has been synonymous with fine pianos and the vibrant San Francisco Bay Area performing arts scene. We routinely search every corner of the world to bring you a varied collection of pianos that reflect the highest standards of old-world ...
Mar 10 -
San Francisco Bay Area :
We'll be sending text message alerts for your subscription to


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"Great Company - Caring Management "
- Comp & Benefits
- Work/Life Balance
- Senior Management
- Culture & Values
- Career Opportunities
I have been working at Patterson Companies full-time (less than a year)
Managers seem to actually care about the employees and do anything to help out.
Training is VERY extensive
Overall attitude is great with other employees
Coworkers are very friendly and willing to help out
1' of snow/ice over 65 cars in the ditch in a 20 mile span of I-70 around Effingham, still required to come into work. That's really the only complaint I have so far
Keep up the great work
- Any Location
- Any Job Title
"A lot of potential and wasted effort "
- Comp & Benefits
- Work/Life Balance
- Senior Management
- Culture & Values
- Career Opportunities
I have been working at Patterson Companies full-time (more than a year)Pros
A lot of promise with desired ITIL process adoption and good intentions intent to build out new IT operations services across business lines.Cons
A lot of decision making authority granted to stale IT managers or those with limited IT experience. Be ready to stand your ground, demand compensation upon start and be prepared for weak performance/merit increase.Advice to ManagementAdvice
Please void cronyism and turn IT around to something in can be.Doesn't RecommendNeutral OutlookApproves of CEO
1 person found this helpful
"Five Stars for the first 6 month and then the Kool-Aid wore off "
- Comp & Benefits
- Work/Life Balance
- Senior Management
- Culture & Values
- Career Opportunities
I worked at Patterson Companies full-time (more than 3 years)Pros
Constant performance indicators so you know where you stand
Lots of small raise opportunities and performance reviews in the first year
Full visibility of pay structure (pay for performance)
Management is supportive of improving employee performance
Non-union warehouse that supports cross training opportunities
Non competitive environment that supports teamwork.Cons
Employees cheat to make their performance look better, management is aware but doesn't do anything to fix the issue.
Outdated, old technology with nothing new in sight
Upper Management listens to employee ideas and then pitches them as their own ideas, rather than giving credit where credit is due.
Retention rates are high, if you want to be promoted or move forward, you are out of luck!
Bullying is prominent and management does nothing to stop it, the people who are bullies have been around for a long time and "that is just the way they are and everyone needs to conform and deal with it."
No opportunities for raises outside of the performance review structure, after the first year the raise opportunities are few and far between.
Start at minimum wage, not very many exceptions.Advice to ManagementAdvice
A lot of intelligent, worthy people go through your warehouses. Support them and help them to grow. Reward those employees with the ability to grow with the company. The company offers tuition reimbursement but no discernible reward is given for the employees that receive associate or bachelors degrees. There are very few women in the management hierarchy, that needs to be changed as well!Doesn't RecommendNeutral OutlookNo opinion of CEO


text:
Dallas County
Health Officials Release Chart Of Those Currently Monitored For Ebola
While the conditions of two North Texas nurses who contracted Ebola continue to improve, health officials say they continue to monitor dozens of other people who may have been exposed to the virus.
DFW Could Be Free Of Ebola On November 7
According to Dallas County officials on Monday, 120 people are still being monitored for Ebola. But the area could be declared free of the virus on November 7.
Judge Clay Jenkins: "This Is A Critical Weekend"
Dallas County Commissioner Judge Clay Jenkins held a press conference Saturday regarding the latest Ebola updates.
Dallas County Deputy Recounts Ebola Scare
Dallas County deputy Michael Monnig held a news conference on Friday in Dallas, just one day after his test results came back negative for the Ebola virus.
Seagoville Police Search For Suspect In Fatal Shooting
Seagoville police are looking for a suspect in a fatal shooting Sunday evening.
Third Case Of Chikungunya Virus Confirmed In Dallas County
The Dallas County Health Department has confirmed another case of imported Chikungunya virus.
Judge Seals Part Of Detailed Jerry Jones Lawsuit
A new and apparently more detailed version of a lawsuit that accuses Dallas Cowboys owner Jerry Jones of sexual assault has been filed. However, a judge has already ordered much of the new details sealed.
Mesquite Man Gets Prison For His Dog's Death
A Mesquite man has been sentenced to more than six years in prison for beating and drowning his pit bull after the dog allegedly chewed some patio furniture.
Trial To Begin For Mesquite Man Who Drowned Dog
The trial for a mesquite man charged with felony animal cruelty will begin Wednesday.
North Texans March In Labor Day Parade For Higher Wages
Hundreds of North Texans marched down Dallas streets holding signs calling for higher wages. It was a Labor Day Parade with a message.
2nd Chikungunya Case In Dallas County
Dallas County Health and Human Services reported the county's second case of the Chikungunya virus this year. The virus is transmitted to humans through mosquito bites.
Attempt To Suspend John Wiley Price Fails
The power struggle at Dallas County Commissioners Court ended with a whimper on Tuesday, with only one city leader behind a plan to suspend John Wiley Price.


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Greg Arnsdorff, assistant superintendent of the Effingham County School System, made a recent visit to the Sunrise Rotary Club.
Air Force Airman Justin D. Copeland graduated from basic military training at Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland in San Antonio, Texas.
Navy Seaman Recruit Lance C. Goins, son of Christy K. Van Tassel of Rincon, recently completed U.S. Navy basic training at Recruit Training Command in Great Lakes, Ill.
Effingham Community Orchestra will present its "Something New and Something Patriotic Too" concert on Sunday at 3 p.m. at the Effingham County Recreation and Parks Department gymnasium, 808 Highway 119 South in Springfield.
Marlow Elementary students were given a challenge by school counselor Tonya Ward to collect 780 food items, representing the total number of students enrolled in the school.
The city of Guyton recently hosted its public safety event in conjunction with its annual Spring Sale Along the Trail for the first time.
The Effingham County Hussars Chapter No. 2285 of the United Daughters of the Confederacy presented Crosses of Military Service Medals at the Confederate Memorial Day Service held April 27 at the Guyton City Cemetery, near its 26 unknown soldiers section.
Cristal Boyles has been looking forward for a while to becoming a Habitat for Humanity homeowner, and her wait should be over soon.
Darlene Pierce, Destiny Wright Bradshaw and Rachel Lloyd of Effingham County are among the outstanding women to be honored as the Assisting Working Women in Need organization's Top Ten Working Women of the Year.
Derrick T. Mydell has been promoted to the rank of technical sergeant in the U.S. Air National Guard.
The first reviews are in for the new Mars Theatre.
The fourth annual Mars Theatre benefit ride will be held Saturday at 8 a.m. The registration fee is $40 per rider over 12 years old. Children under 12 ride for free.
Rincon City Council honored former longtime council member Frank Owens at its last meeting for his years of service on the board.
Effingham Theatre's production of "Pride and Prejudice" will run May 2-4 and 8-9 at the Macomber Recreation Building on Lexington Avenue in Rincon.
The Coastal Regional Commission Area Agency on Aging held its volunteer recognition luncheon to thank the advisory council members from nine area counties who donate their time to help oversee the agency.
The Rotary Club of Effingham County inducted Julie Dickey as its newest member.
Effingham Health System will host a golf tournament March 7 at Lost Plantation Golf Club in Rincon, with proceeds benefitting Historic Effingham Society.
A local committee is working to establish a free health clinic in Effingham County.
Georgia Southern University donated $1,500 to the Bulloch Court-Appointed Special Advocate (CASA). The gift, a result of the university winning the 2014 Chancellor's Fall Classic Charity Cup golf tournament in Athens, was presented by President Brooks A. Keel to Lainie Jenkins, executive director of CASA.
The Effingham County Chamber of Commerce baked up one of the Georgia Legislature's favorite traditions Thursday.
The Mars Theatre recently gave a $675 donation to United Way of the Coastal Empire's Food OutReach Co-op of Effingham (FORCE).
The United Way's e-CONNECT (Effingham Community Network Navigation Center) will hold a free program Wednesday on how the Affordable Care Act may affect tax returns.
© Copyright 2010 Morris Multimedia All rights reserved. Privacy policy and Terms of service


text:
With a stay at Cliffrose Lodge & Gardens and Zion National Park in Springdale (Zion National Park South Entrance), you'll be minutes from Zion Canyon Giant Screen Theatre and close to Canyon Community Center. This romantic hotel is within close proximity of David J West Gallery and Sorella Gallery.
Make yourself at home in one of the 50 air-conditioned rooms featuring refrigerators and LCD televisions. Your pillowtop bed comes with Egyptian cotton sheets. Rooms have private balconies or patios. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and satellite programming is available for your entertainment. Private bathrooms with shower/tub combinations feature complimentary toiletries and hair dryers.
Rec, Spa, Premium Amenities
Be sure to enjoy recreational amenities including a spa tub and a seasonal outdoor pool. This hotel also features complimentary wireless Internet access, concierge services, and gift shops/newsstands. Guests can catch a ride on the complimentary shuttle, which operates within 100 meters.
Grab a bite from a grocery/convenience store serving guests of Cliffrose Lodge & Gardens and Zion National Park.
Business, Other Amenities
Featured amenities include a 24-hour business center, a computer station, and express check-out. Planning an event in Springdale? This hotel has 1600 square feet (149 square meters) of space consisting of a conference center, conference space, and meeting rooms. Free self parking is available onsite.Expedia Affiliate Network
Business center
Complimentary breakfast
Concierge service
Express check out
Gift shop
Laundry facilities
Meeting/Banquet facilities
Pets not allowed
Outdoor pool
Free parking
Designated smoking area
Storage available
Wedding services
Free WiFi
Get Rates
Get Flight + Hotel


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Arkansas Children's Hospital to no longer hire smokersArkansas Children's Hospital to no longer hire smokersThe Arkansas Democrat-Gazette reports employees were notified in a Monday email from that the Little Rock hospital will stop hiring smokers starting May 1.
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Win Bottle of Wyoming Whiskey<K2 Fan Club
If you missed out on the last contest here is another chance to win a bottle of Wyoming Whiskey. 21+ Only.
Wyoming Whiskey's first batch has sold out and won't be available in stores for awhile. Luckily we have a bottle from the 2nd batch. Put your points to good use and get one of the few remaining bottles of Wyoming Whiskey for free! 21 + only. Contest begins Dec. 31st, 2012 and ends Jan. 28th, 2013 at midnight. Winner will be announced Jan. 29th, 2013. Good Luck!