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Owsley County Agency
|Agency Address:
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|50 KY 11 South
|P O Box 690
|Booneville, KY 41314
|Booneville, KY 41314
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|8:30am - 4:00pm
|(606) 593-5773
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Meet Our Insurance Agents
Todd Campbell
Agency Manager
Our Owsley County Agency is Ready to Meet All Your Insurance Needs
Kentucky Farm Bureau is the insurance company of choice for people across the beautiful commonwealth of Kentucky. Our members enjoy an unmatched level of dedication and service from a local agent. KFB's rates are affordable and our local claims service is quick and easy. Call or come in today and let us show you the Kentucky Farm Bureau Insurance difference.
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60 Human Hunter
you can app and join wrath but all they will do is sit you.. this guild was once something to be proud to be apart of ... now just another #@$^ guild
Edited by Inutz on 3/12/2011 8:23 PM PST
who would this level 1 tauren be ?
just letting people know how it will be if they join i got kicked for raiding wit another guild when i got sat every week. couldnt even kick me when i was on. got pissed cause my alt with another guild was more progressed that my main with wrath.
Edited by Inutz on 3/13/2011 7:04 AM PDT
you can app and join wrath but all they will do is sit you.. this guild was once something to be proud to be apart of ... now just another #@$^ guild
perhaps you just didn't pull appropriate numbers, or died to bad things. If they sat you there's probably a reason for it.
Edited by Clineron on 3/13/2011 9:08 PM PDT
well that could be but not that stupid i have raided alot and know it was do to gear level or so i was told
Why you gotta be like that man? You know its apart of the rules that if you raid with another guild that raids during the same times, you gotta go.
I don't know why you were sat, wasn't much of a concern to me. If this is Risktaker, all I gotta say is what the *@@! man. Aren't you happy in your farther progressed guild? Why you gotta come in here and start @%**? I prefer to see bumps and nice comments from other players rather than what you have done...are you trying to hurt Wrath? did you get kicked from that farther progressed guild? is that why?
might be right shouldn't of talked bad about wrath when there are a ton of skilled players just putting it out there befor some poor sap leaves a guild to join. not to mention i have a right to voice my opinion.... kicked ? nope 1/13 now.. how are you guys doing ?
Edited by Inutz on 3/21/2011 7:44 AM PDT
Its easy to join a guild that has done the work for you I suppose. Its more rewarding to work for it though.
As to why you where kicked, well you already know that. But to remind you and put some perspective on your flame of Wrath. When we needed you, you didn't log on or say that you wouldn't be around when we gave you a heads up you would be tanking the next night.
We also got the people in that where ready to go first. As it was posted clearly in our forums the first raid ready members would be raiding as long as we had a balanced group. Your Pally wasn't ready when we started raiding so yes you where sat when you where ready and brought in on bosses we'd killed a few times to get you up to speed. When we where working on a boss we brought the best geared people to give the best chance of success.
There's other reasons as well but I don't find adding them to be of any benefit and would show less class from me. You where removed months ago. Seems odd that you would just now jump in on this to post useless info that is mainly just a QQ post.
At any rate as Serafim's post above says Wrath is still looking for a couple additional members. If you class isn't listed you can still app and be considered. Only classes we are not in need of are Mages, Hunters and any melee dps class.
FYI, Risktaker is now Scabpicker and (he, she, it?) somehow managed to join Window Lickin Good.
Anyways, bump and good luck Wrath.
carried ? really?? i doubt a #2 ranked guild on any server would be willing to carry anyone not to mention the amount of apps they would get. but anyways i posted cause i was a lil sore that i got shafted but its done and over with. .. and doesnt matter where my pally is and what his name is. <<< omg >>> you found me! pst.. no one cares.
Edited by Inutz on 3/24/2011 1:25 PM PDT
Name changed again? Who are you running from? Weirdone!
Edited by Warrenbuffet on 3/29/2011 5:31 PM PDT
Threats of violence. We take these seriously and will alert the proper authorities.
Posts containing personal information about other players. This includes physical addresses, e-mail addresses, phone numbers, and inappropriate photos and/or videos.
Harassing or discriminatory language. This will not be tolerated.


text:
|<<< Chronological >>>
|Author Index Subject Index
|<<< Threads >>>
On Mon, 22 Jan 2001, Roland Perry wrote: > Have a look at the LINX, now also RIPE, SPAM-BCP; we certainly welcome > ISPs who declare they have "signed up". > > http://www.linx.net/noncore.bcp (It should be /bcp not .bcp) Some comments after a quick glance on that page (or why we wouldn't sign it): (My reply became much longer then I intended at first, my apologies for the unreadable layout) "Material which is illegal to possess" focusses only on one issue only. The media has done that by itself enough to validate all kinds of law changes. If you really need to mention examples, at least also include Mein Kampf (in certain countries, not sure if this is EU wide), and for instance material that is meant to instigate hate (deathlists of abortion doctors, hatepages etc). The most important part here (IMHO) is to leave whether this is legal or not up to a court, and not to the ISP's legal department. The same goes for copyright. If you think the ISP department is qualified enough for such a decision, please take a look at my stack of Scientology papers. "If a report is received from the IWF of such material, the material should be removed from the ISP's machines as soon as possible. Member companies may wish to verify that the material is as described and query any discrepencies with IWF." As an ISP, I would tend to want to keep the "evidence" myself, for use in upcoming lawsuits of either the copyright holder or copyright breaker. If the material is illegal to posses, I would ask the proper agency to tell me (om paper!) what to do with the materials. Also, what I find missing here is how an ISP can be sure that something is a copyright violation, because it isn't, and should never be, up to an ISP to decide what constitutes "fair use" or even "copyright". As an ISP, we only remove material once we see a court decision on the matter. Again, you don't want to know how many paperwork I have on scientology case alone, and there are other examples. It gets way too complex for the average ISP legal department if these issues are also going over national barriers. Leave it up to a court. Our motto: "We're just a provider". (Btw what is the "IWF"?) "If the material in question is on a hosted web site, the ISP should block access to the site both for reading and for upload, make a private copy of the site for evidential purposes (and also copy any upload log that is held) and then delete all other copies of the material." This also opens up the ISP for lawsuits, by whoever hosts the material. People tend to think rather black and white (sure we remove childporn) but there are other questionable areas. A gay bookshop website? Nudist camp website? Racial website? ETA website? What (imho) should happen is that whoever wants the material to be removed, to instantly go to court (Dutch: "Kort geding") and let a court block the material. The ISP is neither a judge, nor an executioner. Also, one can block content by filing an injust (but big, as in kilograms of paper) objection, eg DOS the legal department. "Where a copy of material is held, it should be done electronically in the first instance, rather than being printed out. This not only makes it easier to process the material as necessary, but also avoids having physical child pornography on the premises." Doesn't make much sense to me, a physical copy in this case would be less prone to spread around causing more harm. It makes more sense to encrypt the entire stack, and give the decryption keys to a notori(sp?) or law agency. (Also, by splitting up the 'content' and 'crypto-key', not one single agency can decide anything on its own, and this forces the issue where it belongs, in court, and the ISP can never be blamed to "help spread" the content, whether physical or electronical) "ISPs are advised to ensure that their customer contracts allow the actions described in this BCP to be taken. Otherwise the situation could arise where taking action could result in a lawsuit from the customer, while not taking action could result in a lawsuit from the complainant, or even a criminal prosecution." This is "american thinking". We had to go to great length to get a similar clause removed from our contract with our backbone ISP. If the contract with client is governed by local law (as it is, and you can state explicitely) then there is NO NEED for additional clauses in the contract giving "power" to the ISP, and infact, this "power" only becomes a club where they can beat you with. "This clause says you will remove material if ......". No. Go to court, show the ruling. Don't come knocking at the ISP's doors with opinions, hints or threats. Go to court, get a ruling. (Why do you think all the NIC's apply this rule, it makes sense!) "In general, all original artistic and literary works are automatically copyright." This again shows my point. "In general". Except when the user comes from Afghanistan, Serbia, or the site is hosted in Saudie, or when the American writer didn't explicitely claim it, or,....... Don't go for this trap. It's for a judge to rule, not an ISP. If you have any doubt left, see how copyright, trademarks and licences are used to halt a chain of liability by doing a limited/exclusive licence scheme. Don't get involved. "In general, it is illegal to publish a copyright work without the permission of the copyright holder. There are a number of specific "fair use" exemptions in the law, such as short extracts of a work used for reporting current events, research, reviews, and so on." "In general" again. The people who wrote this paper KNEW the problems. There is quite a bit of faur use, and it differs greatly from country to country. The most important probably is the difference in Europe and the US where in Europe you can't have fair use without publishing, while in the US that can be fair use.". Don't get involved, let them go to court. "Material is regularly copied within and between computers as part of the processes of computing and the Internet, and material is also retained in caches for varying lengths of time. Such copying is probably "fair use"." I wouldn't be so sure. It's pending in one of the many scientology cases, where scientology claims damages based on the "number of copies", where they include copies for "loading from disk to ram" and "from browser cache" etc. If any Scientologist had a CS course, they would have trippled the copies claimed in that lawsuit. (Contact me for a quote or reference, I have it but not readily available) "A reference to a copyright work (e.g. a hyperlink) is not a copy of that work per se; it is like a bibliographical reference. However, the link can be presented in such a way as to fool the naive reader, and then some other tort such as "passing off" might apply." There are rulings about this, specificly (once again Scientology): http://www.xs4all.nl/~kspaink/cos/verd1eng.html http://www.xs4all.nl/~kspaink/cos/verd2eng.html http://www.xs4all.nl/~kspaink/english/uc1_research.html This is also continuing in Sweden right now, see: http://xenu.xtdnet.nl/court/ for the latest in this case (though only a small portion is about linking) (Now is RIPE in violation of deep linking illegal material? According to some courts (The Dutch), yes it is!) Also on "kranten.com", a site that deep-linked newspaper websites to work around banners there was a ruling (in favour of the newspapers AFAIR) (For Dutch cases, see the following (deep hyperlink :) http://www.rechtspraak.nl/search97cgi/s97_cgi.exe?querytext=hyperlink&action=FilterSearch&filter=FilterUitspraak.hts&keywords=hyperlink&webpage=/uitspraak/show_search.asp or another deep link: http://www.google.com/search?q=kranten.com+hyperlink+illegaal This is also very much in dicsussion regarding linking copyright protected music and software. Also, referencing is a key element in the case of Klotenknijper, where electronical and paper "linking" is involved to determine defamatory statements (see www.klotenknijper.com) And then I haven't even touched things as "Google's cache" option, and other search engines republishing copyrighted works. "Some software is activated through passwords provided to the end-user by the supplier on a one-to-one basis. Publishing such a password (e.g. on a "cracks list") could be viewed as breaching the copyright in the password, but it is not clear whether the password is an "original work"." That is not a copyright issue. It's an issue regarding whether it is legal to reverse engineer, or whether it is allowed to circumvent copyprotection measures. Even this "obvious" case is under heavy fire in the DVD case, where this mechanism is used to force people to buy certain software (Windows) to play DVD's and also limits WHERE they can play their own legal copy (zoning). There should be lots of links about this at 2600 magazine (www.2600.com) and the EFF (www.eff.org) who just annoyed their appeal a few days ago. "Similarly, tools that crack protection on software may contain copyright material within them, and so be a breach of the copyright laws. Alternatively they may be actionable as aiding and abetting breach of these laws." See the DVD case and zoning. Were these protections legal to begin with? Is it legal to remove illegal protection? Again, there is one simple rule. "We are just a provider, come with a court ruling". Now, what I think is really the worst part of this "best practice": ------------------ If the ISP is notified that a web site holds copyright material, or that a customer is posting copyright material to Usenet, they should contact the customer requesting one of evidence that the customer is the copyright holder; evidence that the customer has permission from the copyright holder; an explanation of which "fair use" exemption applies; a written undertaking to remove the material and desist from any such action in the future. If a satisfactory response is not received within 5 working days, the customer's access to the relevant facility should be terminated. ----------------- The above paragraph is REALLY bad, both as a freedom of speech issue, and as a liability issue. Let's cover the last issue first, it is the easiest to explain with an example. The customer is on vacation for 7 days in a ski resort in the mountains, without phone and/or internet connectivity. Upon return, he finds his website censored by the ISP simply because he wasn't there. The ISP gets sued for infringing the rights of their customer (or if they have a "safetynet" clause in place, sued for limiting freedom of speech, which cannot ever be signed away contractually, since it's a fundamental human right) As for the first issue, it still asumes that an ISP can judge a case based on either information from the customer or the complainant. Trust me, YOU CANNOT. Maybe I should make Tshirts for the next RIPE meeting, but "You're just a provider" and in no way qualified to act as either judge or executioner. How is your legal department going to judge something Scientology has had up in court over the last decade, spending millions of dollars on? One simple single (and cheap) solution. Only act when a court has ruled you to do so. "Trademarks". Without going in more detail (it's already majorly off-topic) but for trademarks the exact same thing applies. you cannot, and should not make a decision. "Defamation". Now that item is left quite open, while we have the Demon case pushing this UK law. What happened in the end? What is the status now? Last I heard Demon UK was helt responsible by a UK court for assisting in defamation where a US citizen posted a defamatory posting on a US newsserver. That's interesting because it goes cross country. If one is liable for claims done in a country for breaking the laws of another country, we're in deep trouble. The only freedom we would have left is the freedom all nations worldwide agree on, and I'd love to see what that is, if it includes, europe, the us, cuba, russia, chian, the saudies, monaco, or even sealand :) As for Obscene (and always related child pornography, let me refer to a Dutch case where an exposition of the renowed Holland Festival had an exposition on "male nudity" that included a photo of American artist Walter Chapell. Media and lower courts ruled that the photo was child pornography and should go. (funny detail, this photo was exhibitioned in the US without problems) ( see http://www.google.com/search?q=Walter+Chapell+holland+festival&hl=en&lr=&safe=off) Executive summary: In short, I don't think ISP's should do anything without a court explicitely telling them so, and to just assume the common carrier principle as much as is possible by law. I'm very glad that I could discuss this very openly with my backbone provider, and that they even allowed the dozen or so contractual changes we have made both to protect ourselves and free speech. If you want a really bad example of what happens when ISP's rule, please see the Flashback fiasco at: http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/01/08/1448213&mode=thread http://www.janaxelsson.org/ http://fb.provocation.net/ Where UUnet/Worldcom alone decided that it is in our best interest not to see Flashback magazine, an e-zine with a couple of million Swedish subscribers on them, which was censored out of all ISP's that had UUnet as backbone or peer by simple company decree (as opposed to a fair trail) because it was deemed "inappropriate", while a Swedish legal investigation had concluded it might be bad taste, but certainly NOT illegal. Welcome to the Corporate State. Current mirror is at http://fb.provocation.net (188.8.131.52) but seems to have some problems right now both with Grandcanyon DNS as its connectivity) Paul "Just a provider" Wouters Xtended Internet -- Broerdijk 27 Postbus 170 Tel: 31-24-360 39 19 6523 GM Nijmegen 6500 AD Nijmegen Fax: 31-24-360 19 99 The Netherlands The Netherlands info@localhost
|<<< Chronological >>>
|Author Subject
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text:
Bello scatto, complimenti! Tanti saluti da Mantova, Guto. Nice shot, Congrats! Many greetings from Mantua, Guto.
very beautiful landscape with windmills
Very beautiful...LIKE, AJVL.
Beautiful spring view, L i k e
Greetings, Hossein
Very very beautiful. Like
Best wishes, OLYMPIST
Magnificent perspective!!
Greetings, Anupam
Nice shot! Like
Photo taken in Tundja, Bulgaria


text:
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text:
The disclosure concerns integrated memories and their redundancy circuits. The described redundancy concerns the memories organized in k groups of p columns (for example k=8 and p=64) to give words of k bits, when one column address out of p is chosen. The addresses of defective columns are memorized. In certain cases, the pad position (p0, p1, p2, p3) corresponding precisely to the defective column is also memorized. It is proposed to reduce the space occupied by the pad position determining logic circuits for which a redundancy has to be activated. This reduction is obtained by organizing a matrix EPROM to contain, for each defective column address, a memorized corresponding pad position. If there are N possibilities of repairs and r possible pad positions, the memory includes N lines and r columns. This is more than necessary, but that makes it possible to gain more space in avoiding the use of bulky logic decoders.
1. An integrated memory comprising a main memory having a plurality of normal columns and a plurality of redundancy columns, k input/output pads, and a redundancy circuit; said redundancy circuit including pad position memorizing elements, each of said pad position memorizing elements being for memorizing a position of an input/output pad corresponding to a normal column in said main memory where such normal column is defective, wherein the pad position memorizing elements are electrically programmable memory cells, said pad position memorizing elements being equal in number to the number N of possible repairs multiplied by the number r of possible pad positions, said pad position memorizing elements being organized in an auxiliary memory of N lines and r columns, each column of this auxiliary memory corresponding to a determined pad position.
2. An integrated memory according to claim 1, wherein the information recorded in each line of the auxiliary memory includes a bit different from the r-1 other bits of the same line, this different bit being placed on the column in the auxiliary memory corresponding to a pad position associated with a defective normal column of the main memory.
3. An integrated memory according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein each column of the auxiliary memory includes a respective column conductor connected to a respective read/write circuit, the reading outputs of these read/write circuits constituting the outputs of the auxiliary memory, and the input/output pads of a given pad position being connected to writing inputs of the read/write circuit of the auxiliary memory corresponding to this given pad position.
4. An integrated memory according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein said main memory includes k groups of p columns, each group of columns corresponding to a respective pad, divided into m sets of r pad positions, with a group of redundancy columns associated with each set, and a multiplexer directly controlled by the outputs of the auxiliary memory to define whether the information transmitted to the pads should come from a normal column of the main memory or from a redundancy column of the main memory.
5. An integrated memory according to claim 4, wherein the multiplexer sets up the following connections from the column conductors of the auxiliary memory, these conductors providing signals corresponding to pad positions corresponding to selected normal columns in the main memory:
the signals coming from the columns of the auxiliary memory are all null (no need for repairs), all transmission from the redundancy columns of the main memory to the pads of the main memory or vice versa is barred, and the transmissions between the selected main memory normal columns and the corresponding pads are permitted;
if a repair is necessary and if it corresponds to a given pad position, then the transmission from the groups of normal columns with that given pad position towards the pads with that given pad is barred, and the transmission between the redundancy columns and these pads with that given pad position is permitted; the transmission between the pads having a pad position other than said given pad position and the normal columns in the main memory is permitted, and the transmission between said other pads and the redundancy columns is barred.
6. An integrated memory according to claim 1 or claim 2, including a redundancy column selection circuit, capable of selecting one redundancy column among N columns of a group of redundancy columns, and wherein the outputs of this redundancy column selection circuit directly control the lines of the auxiliary memory matrix.
1. Field of the Invention
The invention concerns memories made in integrated circuit form. It also concerns random-access memories (RAMs) as well as read-only memories (ROMs, EPROMs or EEPROMs). However, it is particularly valuable in the case of flash EPROMs which are electrically programmable and electrically erasable by blocks.
More precisely, the invention concerns the redundancy systems associated with these memories.
2. Description of the Prior Art
The French Patent Application 87/02372 filed on Feb. 24, 1987 and published as French Patent Application Publication No. 2,6111,301 on Aug. 26, 1988 describes a redundancy system aimed at optimizing the possibilities of repairing defective columns by means of a limited number of redundancy columns, when the memory is organized ion lines and columns with a number of columns that is a multiple of the number of data output pads of the memory. In other words, the memory is designed to give words of k bits (for example k=8) and there are k times p columns (for example p=64). The memory has k groups of p columns and the selection of a word in the memory is done by the simultaneous selection of a single column in each group. The text of the French Patent Application can be consulted for more details.
The redundancy system of the French Patent Application is based on the idea that the number of redundancy columns will be limited by memorizing not only the address of a defective column (1 among p) designed to be replaced by a redundancy column but also a position of the pad corresponding to the defective column.
The position of the pad is not necessarily the one having the rank 1 among k ranks of the pad. In the French Patent Application Publication, it is somewhat fictitious position chosen in the following way: k pads are arranged in m sets of r pads, and a redundant column or a group of redundant columns is associated with each set. The "pad position" is one position among r positions of the pad within the set to which it belongs. To give a numerical example, if there are eight pads (k=8) arranged in four sets (m=4) of two pads (r=2), there are two possible pad positions in each set, which could be called position 0 and position 1. When a defective column is detected and has to be replaced by a redundant column, not only is this defective column replaced by a redundant column, but also there is a simultaneous replacement of all the (non-defective) columns that correspond to the same pad position in the other sets and are selected by the same column address. Thus, in the numerical example given here above, if a defective column corresponding to a pad position 1 is identified, the putting into operation of the redundancy will consist in the replacement, by a respective redundant column, of the four position 1 columns which are selected by a defective column address. But columns having the same column address but with pad position 0 are not replaced.
This redundancy system is therefore based on the permanent memorizing of several pieces of information pertaining to the defective columns.
Firstly, addresses of defective columns are memorized, in a memory of defective column addresses. Each address makes it possible to designate one defective column among p in a group of p columns without distinction among the k groups. A comparator permanently monitors the addresses applied to the memory, in reading as well as in writing. If a defective column address appears, the comparator reacts by indicating that the redundancy must be put into operation. It also indicates the repair number that should be triggered when, as is generally the case, several possibilities of repairing are provided for, and are identified by numbers.
Then, for each repair number, the pad position corresponding to the actually defective column is memorized, without any distinction among the sets. This information is recorded in pad position memorizing elements. When a defective address appears at the input of the memory, it is identified by the comparator. The comparator determines the repair number that has to be put into operation, and gives a corresponding piece of information enabling the selection of the pad position memorizing elements which correspond to this number. The selected elements define a pad position. All the groups of columns that correspond to this position will undergo a replacement of a column (defective or not) by a redundant column.
In practice, in the prior patent application FR 87/02371, the pad position memorizing elements are fuses: if there are only two pad positions, one fuse alone will be enough to define this position. If there are four of them, two fuses will be needed, etc. These fuses will be needed for each repair number.
When there is only one pad position out of two to be defined, the practical construction is fairly simple: it is enough to have simple logic circuits to:
receive a piece of information on a repair number from the comparator;
select the memorization element (the fuse) that corresponds to this number, as a function of this piece of information,
and examine the state of the corresponding fuse, to set up an instruction for the selection of the pads for which the pad position is the one indicated by the fuse.
Although this situation is fairly simple, it should be pointed out all the same that it must take account of the need to record the information on pad position. In one approach using fuses, it can be imagined that the fuses will be blown out by laser, in which case no circuitry is needed for the recording. This is the approach adopted in the already-mentioned Patent Application 87/02372. However today, for reasons of automation, it is preferred to do an electrical recording. This enables the recording to be done immediately when the existence of defective columns is detected. For an electrical recording, the corresponding circuitry is needed. This is true for a memorizing operation using a fuse, but it is also true if the memorizing element is a floating gate transistor, now coming into increasing use as a permanent information memorizing element.
Where the situation gets extremely complicated is when the number of pad positions to be memorized increases along with the number of possibilities of repair. Indeed, in this case, a very fast complex decoding is needed to:
firstly, select a group of fuses among N, if there are N possible repair numbers;
secondly, designate the different pad positions corresponding to the state of the different fuses or transistors for a given repair number;
and finally, record the state of the pad position memorizing elements, when the memory is tested.
For example, if there are six possible repairs and eight pad positions, there should be six groups of three fuses or transistors, and a complex decoding to set up the connections that are suitable for choosing one group among six, and to:
select the redundancy columns having a same position, this position being defined by the state of a group of three fuses;
electrically record the state of the fuses on the basis of the result of the test showing that there is a defective column.
In practice, the piece of information on pad position to be recorded electrically should come from somewhere. It will be seen that it comes from the pad on which a fault has been identified. This assumes, therefore, that pad position memorizing elements are connected in one way or another to the corresponding pads in order to do the recording.
All the connections, decoders and routings necessary make it fairly difficult to implement this principle of redundancy with memorization of the position of pads.
Besides, the difficulty does not lie solely in a circuit where the k pads are arranged in m sets of r pads with one pad position among r defined simultaneously for all the sets. It also exists in the borderline case where m=1, i.e. in the case where the pad position is one position among k in a single set of k pads.
The present invention proposes to resolve this difficulty by increasing the number of pad position memorizing elements in relation to what is strictly necessary, and by organizing these element in the form of a matrix of electrically programmable memory cells (floating gate transistors).
The access to the matrix is got linewise by conductors coming from the comparator (comparing the memory addresses received with the defective column addresses), each conductor corresponding to a repair number and to a respective line of the matrix; the output is done column wise towards read/write circuits associated with each column. Each read/write circuit corresponds to a pad position and, during the pad position recording stage, it receives a piece of information coming from a pad corresponding to this position.
Each column of the memory corresponds to a respective pad position. The appearance of a determined bit on this column corresponds to the selection of a determined pad position. It is thus that, on N lines, it is possible to memorize N different pad positions which are the positions corresponding to N different defective columns.
In one example with six possibilities of repair and eight pad positions, there will be 48 floating gate transistors organized in matrix form, while the standard construction would entail only 18 floating gate transistors. However, an enormous gain is obtained with respect to the corresponding decoding circuitry, moreover without complicating the programming operation: the programming will be done line by line (six lines), directly on the basis of a piece of information coming from a pad.
The invention can be defined as follows:
It comprises an integrated memory with k output pads, including a redundancy circuit, said circuit including elements for memorizing a position of an output pad corresponding to a defective column, wherein the pad position memorizing elements are electrically programmable memory cells, equal in number to the number N of possible repairs multiplied by the number r of possible pad positions, organized in an auxiliary memory of N lines and r columns (each column corresponding in principle to a determined pad position).
The invention is especially valuable in the case of electrically erasable memories (EEPROMs), flash EPROMs) or memories that are not at all erasable (ROMs, UPROMS) in contradistinction to memories erasable by ultraviolet light. Indeed, for the UV erasable memories, which include a window transparent to ultraviolet light, a special anti-UV masking should be provided on top of the pad position memorizing matrix. For, it is necessary not to erase the redundancy information. This masking is cumbersome for it necessarily includes anti-light labyrinths. The use of such memories would reduce the value of the invention.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear from the following detailed description, made with reference to the appended drawings in which:
FIG. 1 represents a general diagram of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 gives a more precise view of the constitution of the block for memorizing pad positions.
The embodiment which shall be described in detail in order to explain the invention more clearly corresponds to an example inspired by the Patent Application FR 87/02372 (with numerical modifications). It will be easy to deduce, therefrom, the modifications necessary for other examples and, in particular, for a simpler example in which the output of the eight-bit words takes place on eight pads, each identified by one out of eight positions.
The example described hereinafter is set up on the basis of a simplified practical example in which there is one memory of k=8 output pads D0 to D7 to extract eight-bit words. The memory is organized in eight groups of columns, each group G0 to G7 including p columns (for example p=64) and corresponding to a respective pad D0 to D7.
The pads are divided into m=2 sets of r=4 pads, and in each set, a respective pad position (1 among r) is defined for each pad. The positions are called p0, p1, p2, p3. The pads D0 and D4 have the position p0, each in its set, the pads D1 and D5 have the position p1, etc.
The groups are divided in to two sets Ea and Eb exactly like the pads, since there is a corresponding pad for each group.
There is a respective group of redundancy columns associated with each set Ea and Eb, namely the group CRa for the set Ea, CRb for the set Eb.
From this point onwards, it can be stated that the invention is applicable irrespectively of the number m of sets, including m=1, in which the case the position of each pad is a position from 1 to k, and there is no pad having a determined position.
The memory includes a column decoder DC (which is present independently of the redundancy) to make a selection, when a column address AC is applied to the memory, of one among p columns in each of the groups simultaneously, thus enabling the application of an eight-bit word to the outputs D0 to D7.
In the rest of the description, we shall refer essentially to reading even if the memory is recordable. For the writing, the eight-bit word is applied to the pads D0 to D7 which then serve as data inputs and not data outputs.
The address AC therefore enables the selection of one useful column among p columns at output of each group.
Simultaneously, this address AC is applied to a redundancy circuit which includes, a first of all, a block CR1 designed to ascertain the need for a column-repairing operation and to partially select the redundancy columns used for this operation.
The block CR1 includes, firstly, addresses of memorized defective columns and, secondly, means of comparison between the addresses received by the memory and the addresses that are memorized.
If it is assumed that there are N possibilities of the simultaneous repairing of defective columns, there are N addresses AC in memory. The address is the address of one column among p, i.e. it does not take account of the group in which the defective column is located. If there are 64 columns, the addresses AC are 6-bit addresses, and the circuit CR1 includes N groups of 6 memorizing elements which may be floating gate transistors (unerasable EPROMs or UPROMs) or fuses.
The block CR1 receives the addresses AC, compares them with the N memorized defective addresses, and gives a command, on a bus of N lines (or 2N lines if the signals and their logic complements are counted), for the selection of one redundancy column among N in each of the sets Ea, Eb namely in each of the groups, CRa, CRb.
When a defective address is detected, one redundancy column among N is selected at output of each group CRa, CRb, just as a normal column is selected at output of each group G0 to G7.
At output of the columns thus selected, whether they are normal columns or redundancy columns, there is a multiplexer designed to choose whether the information transmitted to the pads should come from a normal column addressed by the decoder DC or a redundancy column addressed by the circuit CR1, and to do so individually for each of the groups or normal columns or for each of the groups of redundancy columns.
This multiplexer is controlled by signals P0, P1, P2, P3 (and this logic complements) which correspond to the positions of pads of the defective columns identified at the time of the test.
The multiplexing is as follows: if no pad position is selected (no need for repairs), P0 to P3 are all null. Any transmission from the redundancy columns to the pads or vice versa is barred. Transmission between the selected normal columns and the corresponding pads is permitted.
If a repair is necessary and if it corresponds to the pad position p0 (P0=1, P1, P2, P3 null), then the transmission from the groups of normal columns having a position p0 (G0 and G4) towards the pads having a position p0 (D0 and D4) is barred and replaced by a transmission towards these same pads, respectively, of the redundancy column selected by CR1 in each of the groups CRa and CRb. For the other pad positions, the transmission between the normal columns and the pads remains permitted and the transmission between the redundancy columns and the pads remains barred.
The same applies to each of the other positions of the pad: the exchange between a normal column and a redundancy column is made only for the pad position identified by a non-null logic signal.
The signals P0 to P3 representing the pad positions come from the pad position memorizing block MPP which includes N groups of memorization elements that can be selected by the block CR1.
Finally, the normal or redundancy columns selected by the multiplexer are connected to the respective pads not directly but by means of a respective read/write circuit associated with each pad. The read/write circuits are designated by W0/R0 for the first pad, W1/R1 for the second pad, etc.
The pad position memorizing block MPP is shown in detail in FIG. 2. It is set up in the form of an auxiliary matrix memory, with circuits for the reading and writing of the data stored in this auxiliary memory.
The auxiliary memory MA includes N lines of electrically programmable memory cells and r columns, N being, it may be recalled, the number of possible repair operations, and r being the number of possible pad positions in each of the m sets (m may be equal to 1, in which case r is equal to the total number k of pads). Each cell is preferably a floating gate transistor of the EPROM or UPROM. These cells are electrically recordable and unerasable.
The total number of cells is far greater than what is strictly necessary, and the higher r is, the more this is so. For r=4, the number of cells is twice the number strictly necessary (4N instead of 2N); for r=8, the ratio is even higher (8N instead of 3N).
But, because of this, cumbersome decoding circuits are completely avoided.
The addressing of this memory MA of the block MPP is done by N line conductors, each cell line comprising a line conductor connecting the control gates of the floating gate transistors of this line. The N control gates come from a bus of N conductors coming from the block CR1. This bus is available at the output of the circuit CR1 since, as has been explained, the function of the circuit CR1 is to select o ne column among N in the groups of redundancy columns.
Consequently, whenever one determined redundancy column is selected from among N (corresponding to a determined repair number), a line of the memory of the block MPP is selected at the same time.
A word of r bits is then read on the columns of the memory. However, the programming of the memory of the block MPP is done in such a way that the words of r bits of this memory actually include only one bit different from the others (for example a bit 1 among r-1bits 0). This is possible because the memory has r columns and because it is sought to store precisely one pad position among r in this memory.
Consequently, a bit 1 will be read on a column conductor of the memory MPP, this conductor then defining the pad position corresponding to a defective column: to each column conductor of the memory, there corresponds a single determined pad position and vice versa.
The reading of the memory (and also, writing) is done in a very standard way for EPROMs, through a respective read/write circuit for each column. The read/write circuits are designated by LE0 to LE3 for the columns representing p0 to p3 respectively.
If desired, it is possible, as is commonly done in certain EPROMs, to provide for the read/write circuits to work by comparison with a reference column including N transistors, all programmed in the same (i.e. all programmed or all blank), these transistors being controlled by the N line conductors of the memory.
The outputs of the columns of the pad position memory block define the r signals, p0, p1, p2, p3 (with their logic complements) which are necessary for the control of the multiplexer of the main memory. No decoding s necessary between the outputs of the memory and the control inputs of the multiplexer.
For the writing of the bits of this memory (the writing of one bit among r in each line), it is provided that the read/write circuit LE0 is connected to the pad of position 0 (D0 and D4), the circuit LE1 is connected to the pads of position 1 (D1 and D5), etc. Thus the programming of a pad position is done directly, without decoding: when the memory is being tested, an erroneous piece of information is detected on any pad whatsoever, for example D6. A bit is then placed on this pad to be recorded in the memory of the block MPP by means of the read/write circuit LE2 which is connected to this bit. The pad position P2 is thus memorized.
Should the integrated memory circuit according to the invention be a memory unerasable by ultraviolet light, for example when it is flash EPROM electrically erasable by blocks, the pad position memory of the block MPP may be an EPROM. It does not need to be shielded against the ultraviolet rays to which it is may be exposed, if the main memory is an EPROM with UV erasure window. As a consequence, the memory of the block MPP does not need to be shielded by aluminum masks and, above all, by protection labryrinths. These labyrinths are necessary to prevent lateral penetration by ultraviolet light during the erasure of the EPROM for this penetration would erase the redundancy data which must be preserved. The memory MPP would be far bulkier if it were provided with these protection labyrinths. The absence of an UV window for the flash EPROMS thus enables the surface area of the pad position memory to be reduced to the minimum, and this is particularly advantageous.
The invention can be applied especially when the number of possible pad positions is k, i.e. when their number is equal to the number of pads. For memories giving eight-bit or sixteen-bit words, there would therefore be eight or sixteen pad positions (r=8 or r=16) and it is for these memories that the invention is the most advantageous, for it considerably restricts the space occupied by the pad position decoding circuits which were necessary earlier.
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About this item
This LeapFrog Explorer Learning Game includes four exciting arcade games. This action-packed arcade LeapFrog Explorer Games: Mini Game Greatest Hits, allows children to have fun as they learn simple math skills, such as addition and subtraction, or master the basics of problem solving or dental hygiene. The games included are Sugar Bugs 2, Monkey Soccer, Jewel Train 2, and Number Bash. The LeapSter LeapFrog Explorer Game greatest hits is appropriate for kids ages 4 to 7 or pre-K through first grade. LeapFrog Explorer Games: Mini Game Greatest Hits works with Leapster Explorer or LeapPad systems.
LeapFrog Explorer Learning Game: Mini Game Greatest Hits:
- Teaches addition, subtraction, problem solving and dental hygiene
- Includes Sugar Bugs 2, Monkey Soccer, Jewel Train 2 and Number Bash
- Appropriate for children ages 4-7 (pre-K through first grade)
- Works with LeapPad and Leapster Explorer systems (sold separately)
|Learning Platform:
|LeapFrog LeapPad2
|3 - 4 Years , 5 - 7 Years
|Skill Set:
|Brain Games
|Age Start:
|4 Years
|Age End:
|7 Years
|Battery Type:
|Does Not Contain a Battery
|Multi Pack Indicator:
|Model No.:
|Shipping Weight (in pounds):
|Product in Inches (L x W x H):
|6.375 x 5.375 x 0.625
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Full Paper
Photoresponsive Protein–Graphene–Protein Hybrid Capsules with Dual Targeted Heat-Triggered Drug Delivery Approach for Enhanced Tumor Therapy
Article first published online: 2 APR 2014
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201400080
© 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Advanced Functional Materials
Volume 24, Issue 26, pages 4144–4155, July 9, 2014
Additional Information
How to Cite
Hu, S.-H., Fang, R.-H., Chen, Y.-W., Liao, B.-J., Chen, I.-W. and Chen, S.-Y. (2014), Photoresponsive Protein–Graphene–Protein Hybrid Capsules with Dual Targeted Heat-Triggered Drug Delivery Approach for Enhanced Tumor Therapy. Adv. Funct. Mater., 24: 4144–4155. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201400080
Publication History
- Issue published online: 8 JUL 2014
- Article first published online: 2 APR 2014
- Manuscript Revised: 7 FEB 2014
- Manuscript Received: 9 JAN 2014
Funded by
- National Science Council of the Republic of China, Taiwan. Grant Numbers: NSC 102-2221-E-009 -023 -MY3, NSC 102-2218-E-007-014
- National Chiao Tung University
- Ministry of Education, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Army Medical Research & Material Command. Grant Numbers: W81XWH-10-1-0320, W81XWH-10-1-0604
- double emulsion;
- nanocapsules;
- graphene oxide;
- hyperthermia;
- synergic therapy
A novel photo-responsive protein–graphene–protein (PGP) capsule that doubles as a photothermal agent with core/shell structure is constructed by anchoring reduced graphene oxide nanosheets on one-component protein (lactoferrin) shell through a double emulsion method. PGP capsules can transport fully concealed hydrophilic anticancer cargo, doxorubicin (Dox), with a large payload (9.43 μmol g-1) to be later unloaded in a burst-like manner by photo-actuation triggered by near-infrared irradiation. Being biocompatible yet with a high cancer cell targeting efficiency, PGP capsules have successfully eradicated subcutaneous tumors in 10 d following a single 5 min NIR irradiation without distal damage. Besides, the photochemothermal therapy of PGP capsules eradicates tumor cells not only in the light-treating area but also widely light-omitted tumor cells, overcoming the tumor recurrence due to efficient cell killing efficacy. These results demonstrate that the PGP capsule is a potential new drug delivery platform for local-targeting, on-demand, photoresponsive, combined chemotherapy/hyperthermia for tumor treatment and other biomedical applications.


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Renal/Ureteric Calculi & Colic Epidemiology Lifetime risk ~10% Peak age of onset is 20 to 50. If 1st episode & >60y consider AAA. 3M:1F Family history (2x risk) Higher socio-economic groups Risk factors Excessive calcium, oxalate or uric acid (± gout) in the urine Deficiency of citrate in the urine Cystinuria (an autosomal recessive aminoaciduria) Drugs, especially thiazide diuretics RTA Recurrent UTI People with urinary stasis due to anatomical abnormalities of the pelvi-calyceal system, e.g. medullary sponge kidney, PUJ obstruction, ureteric stricture, VUR, horseshoe kidney Presentation Classically: sudden severe unilateral loin-groin pain o Comparatively mild tenderness of loin or LQ. o Pain may testis, scrotum, labia or anterior thigh. o Tends to be more constant than colicky. o Writhing in pain rather than the stillness of peritonitis. There is usually associated nausea and often vomiting. Urinary symptoms (dysuria, frequency, oliguria & haematuria) esp if at VUJ. There may be a previous history of renal colic, recent dehydration, or starting a drug. High temperature suggests associated pyelonephritis. Examine for DDx, e.g. acute appendicitis, ectopic pregnancy, aortic aneurysm. Differential diagnosis AAA, biliary coloc, pyelonephritis, acute appendicitis, ovarian/testicular torsion, pancreatitis, perforated peptic ulcer, drug seeker, Munchausen syndrome. Investigations Urinalysis: Blood on initial UA common (85-90%). MSU for M,C & S. pH<5 suggests urate stone. 24hr urine if recurrent (for vol, Mg, Na, Ca, uric acid, citrate, oxalate, PO4, ± cysteine) Bloods: FBC, UEC, CMP, Uric acid Imaging: Within 48hrs of initial episode (to confirm Dx, rule out DDx, & assess any obstruction). Plain XR KUB – Poor sens/spec (~70%), not useful unless following a known radiopaque stone. USS or IVP – may show radiolucent stones & UT dilatation, but sens (<80%) not as good as... Non-contrast helical CT-KUB – Modality of choice (sens/spec>95%). CT may show stone/size directly, or indirectly (hydronephrosis, ureter dilated, fat stranding). Special: Stone analysis is collected. Calculi Composition: Ca Oxalate (70-80%) – radio-opaque, low-Ca diet actually risk as less Ca to bind ingested oxalate in GIT so more oxalate urine. Urate (10-15%) - radiolucent, prevention by allopurinol, fluid intake Struvite (MgNH4PO4) – Associated with urea-splitting bacteria e.g. Proteus & Klebsiella. Ca PO4 – associated with PTH & RTA. Cystine – Most likely to cause ESRF. More likely if aged<30y. Large recurrent stones. Cystinuria: AR cond of tubular reabs of COAL amino acids (cys, orn, arg, lys). Penicillamine + rinary alkalinisation. Size/Passage rate 80-90% pass if 5mm, <15% pass if >5mm. Impaction Site VUJ, PUJ, bladder orifice & pelvic brim most common sites for impaction. Management Analgesia. NSAID diclofenac or ketorolac IM, PR indomethacin 100mg PR, diclofenac PO Opioids: Morphine (not pethidine) 2.5mg IV titrated to pain or paracetamol/codeine Antiemetic if severe nausea and vomiting Hyoscine (Buscopan®) does not seem to be beneficial Antibiotics: if UTI suspected – ampicillin 1-2g IV q6h + gentamicin 4-6mg/kg IV od Fluids: Enough to establish good urine flow. If excessive can pain if partially obstructed. 1 blocker: Tamsulosin (Flomax®) may be useful to enhance ureteric stone expulsion. Admission: o Failure to respond to analgesia within 4hr o Obstruction + UTI o Anuria/Renal failure o Single functioning kidney Surgery o Stenting (JJ) or nephrostomy catheter to relieve acute obstruction o Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) o Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) (cysteine, stones>2cm, and staghorn calculi) o Ureteroscopy + YAG laser. o Open surgery is only required in 1–5% of people where ESWL, PCNL, and ureteroscopy/laser failed Complications Deterioration of renal function, sepsis, and ureteric stricture. Prognosis 60% stones that pass spontaneously will do so within 4 weeks of onset of symptoms. 50-70% recurrence rate in next 10yr. Risk factors: o First attack before 25 years of age o Single functioning kidney o A disease that predisposes to stone formation o Abnormalities of the renal tract
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text: Real-time bidding to dominate programmatic ad budgets Published on October 31, 2013. 0 Reprints Reprints Ad Age Reports Resource Guide B-to-B Marketing Fact Pack From spending trends to the biggest marketers and agencies, this handy guide gives you the lay of the b-to-b land. Learn more New York—Programmatic buying of digital ads in the U.S. will reach $7.4 billion this year, of which 52.7%, or $3.9 billion, will be transacted through real-time bidding, according to Magna Global, the Interpublic Group of Cos. forecasting and media buying unit. The company forecast that publishers, advertisers and agencies will increasingly use programmatic technologies, boosting spending to $17.0 billion by 2017 in the U.S., of which 61.8%, or $10.5 billion, will be based on real-time bidding. Programmatic trading of online video ad formats has lagged display but will reach 25.0% of programmatically traded inventory this year, climbing to 69.0% by 2017, the company said. In this article: BtoB Advertisement Read These Next Tumblr's First CMO Stephanie Dolgins Will Also Oversee Its Media Deals Tim Peterson on 03.30.2015 88 0 Chevy Liked Its Truck Effort So Much, It's Taking It National Mike Colias on 03.30.2015 42 0 L'Oreal's Chief Digital Officer on Programmatic Plans, Startups and Org Charts Jack Neff on 03.30.2015 488 0 Comments (0)


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|1pd 06:10
|Jody Shelley (CBJ)
|Krzysztof Oliwa (CAL)
|Comments: Shelley finishes a check on Oliwa along the side boards. Oliwa, gives Shelley a couple of cross checks to the back. They skate toe to toe, Oliwa drops the mitts. Shelley waits, then finally drops them himself. Oliwa instantly lands two square rights to the cheek/eye. A couple of wild swings from Shelley, neither seem to connect or cause any damage. They wrestle around for a bit and the linesmen step in. Shelley has a large cut under his eye, decent amount of blood. Other Penalties: Oliwa received a cross checking and roughing.
|Vote / Details (1 Review)
|2pd 09:09
|Jean-Luc Grand-Pierre (CBJ)
|Krzysztof Oliwa (CAL)
|Comments: Pretty short and nothing damaging. Big punches thrown, none landed. Grand-Pierre ended up on top and was still wanting to go, but the linesmen jumped in.
|Vote / Details


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Monday accident victim was Duluth resident
Authorities have released the name of a Duluth man killed Monday in a traffic accident at U.S. Highway 53 and Solway Road in Canosia Township.
Donald B. Anderson, 72, was killed when the Ford Escape he was a passenger in was hit broadside by a semitrailer.
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December 30, 2013 - Industry News
Cooper Tire & Rubber Co. said it will pursue damages against Apollo Tyres Ltd. in a webcast following the announcement of its decision to terminate the merger agreement, according to Modern Tire Dealer, a sister publication of HDT.
Tags: Cooper Tire & Rubber Co., Tires, Mergers & Acquisitions, Apollo Tyre
October 7, 2013 - Industry News
Apollo Tyres Ltd.'s friendly takeover of Cooper Tire & Rubber Co. is not so friendly anymore. On Friday, Oct. 4, 2013, Cooper filed a complaint in Delaware Chancery Court asking that subsidiaries of Apollo "be required to expeditiously close the pending merger between the two tire companies in accordance with the terms of the definitive merger agreement."
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TSM - Page 14
5 Simple Steps to Getting That Promotion
It's difficult to ask for and get a raise these days, and unfortunately it can be just as tough to get a promotion. We've put together a few simple ways to help you get that position bump you want and deserve.
Insanely Dedicated Man Keeps Log of All 6,297 Chinese Restaurants He's Eaten At Since 1955
Today Marks The 20th Anniversary Of The Waco Siege
Major Police Operation Underway in Boston Suburb [UPDATED]
6:55 AM ET: The AP is reporting that the suspects are from Chechnya, and have lived in the US for at least one year. The surviving Boston bomb suspect has been identified as Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, 19, of Cambridge, Ma. NBC News is reporting that both suspects are brothers. Sources say that the men may have military experience, according to law enforcement officials.
6:30 AM ET: CNN is reporting that officials are worried that the suspect who remains at large could have explosives on his body. An official tells the network that the suspect killed overnight had explosives on his body. As a result, city officials have suspended all public transportation for the time being. Those in Watertown and the surrounding neighborhoods are being urged to shelter in place until further notice. Many colleges have cancelled classes for the day. Businesses are being told not to open.
What Is A Pressure Cooker?
The FBI is now saying that pressure cookers were used to create the explosive devices used in the Boston Marathon Bombings. What is a pressure cooker and how can it be used to make a bomb?


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Bobby Clennell Shares Love of Yoga with Children
Watch Interview Video: Bobby Clennell: Watch Me Do Yoga
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A New Coat for Anna
by Harriet Ziefert
No current Talk conversations about this book.
The book is for young readers and is particularly interesting because on the surface it appears to just be a simple story about a young girl and her adventure to get a new coat. However, it also appears to be set in a European country after a major war. Clear connections can be made to post-war economies in war torn nations and the struggles they must go through in order to get what they need. The main character Anna also appears to have lost her father in the war. While it's not really talked about in the story, he is clearly not present and they trade his gold watch that was left to her mother. Again, the hardships that families must, at times, endure is a theme presented in this story. This book is deeper than it appears. Also, it can definitely be relatable to some students who may have lost parents for any reason and now see their family struggle to make ends meet and get the things they need.
The simple but luscious illustrations move the sweet story along. Because this is a children's book only the first illustration shows the destruction and deprivation of war but even this is tempered with a smiling Anna waving to her mom who waves back.
Would definitely recommend.
This is the story of a young girl who needs a new coat, but her mother doesn't have the money to purchase one. Mom decides to barter for the resources and craftsmen to complete the garment. The illustrations are vivid and realistic. It may be too wordy for some children and it makes for a great read aloud. Teaching ideas include economics (goods and services, bartering, natural and capital resources)
Internet UPC Database
Based on a true story, this is a delightful book. Young readers (and listeners) will learn where a wool coat comes from/how it's made. They can also learn about perseverance, community, love and sacrifice. But children won't notice the lessons being learned. What they will love it that Anna finally gets her coat and Lobel's delightful pictures... and maybe the thought of smiling sheep.
References to this work on external resources.
Wikipedia in English
Amazon.com Product Description (ISBN 0394898613, Paperback)Illus. in full color. "A fresh and moving story of a mother's dedication to acquire a coat for her daughter in post-World War II hard times. Anna's mother decides to trade the few valuables she has left for wool and for the services of a spinner, a weaver, and a tailor. Lobel's pictures do a tremendous job of evoking the period. Insightful and informative, this may make children consider how precious the ordinary can become in times of turmoil."--(starred) Booklist.
(retrieved from Amazon Mon, 30 Sep 2013 13:22:56 -0400)
Even though there is no money, Anna's mother finds a way to make Anna a badly needed winter coat.
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I love to photograph athletes in their element. The strength, power, will, tenacity, endurance and ferocity of an athlete doing what they do best. That is pretty awesome to witness and even cooler to document. So whether it's for fun or competition, lets hit the gym, field, court, trail, pool… wherever it is you do your thing!
Check out some of the amazing athletes I've had the privilege to hang out with (and follow around with a camera )


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- Trust the natural remedies of Mother Nature to help you manage the weight you've put on during winter.
- Grab 60 RasKeto (raspberry ketone) weight management capsules for only $29 including nationwide delivery from BoodlesBuys.co.nz.
- Harness the power of fruit to assist you in ataining your weight management goals.
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- Click here to learn how raspberry ketones could help you to manage your weight.
Every Spring, Mother Nature invites us outside to enjoy the sunshine, warmth and beauty of the environment. Mother Nature is so desperate to get us outside that she even gives us natural remedies to assist us in managing that nasty winter weight. So, listen to Mother Nature and grab 60 capsules of RasKeto (raspberry ketone) for only $29 including nationwide delivery from BoodlesBuys.co.nz.
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Raspberry ketone is an aromatic component present in raspberries and other fruits. It can also be produced synthetically in a lab.
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For further information on the laboratory tests that were used to determine the effectiveness of this product, please click here.
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The Video Game That Goes in Search of God
Pneuma: Breath of Life puts you right at the heart of a unique god complex.
Pneuma: Breath of Life puts you right at the heart of a unique god complex.
The stories of four people who directly caused someone else's death in one way or another.
From the ages of 17 to 19, I believed that God had cursed me with a swollen left testicle that was the size and shape of a large pear.
They bent steel and smashed concrete with their skulls while preaching the word of Christ to massive audiences. Two decades later, the group was bankrupt. What happened?
In Joel Osteen's world, God is an exclamation point, a dubstep bass drop. God is steroids, God is your hype man, He is Cialis, He is the boombox you are holding outside her window.
It's Christmas in Los Angeles, so Fashion Cat rides his motorcycle to the Observatory to meet with God.
What would happen to the world's religions if we made contact with alien life? I asked Dr. David A. Weintraub, an astronomer at Vanderbilt University who's been trying to get to the bottom of that question.
The central historical figure in both Eid al Adha and the hajj is Abraham. The Qur'an does not name the son marked for sacrifice, but Muslim interpretive tradition has favored Ishmael, rather than Isaac, the intended sacrifice in the Biblical version.
A group called American Atheists is bankrolling a fledgling streaming TV channel called Atheist TV, which intends to cater to what they refer to as the fastest-growing religious group in America. The only problem is, they don't even know what to broadcast…
As the Israeli bombardment and invasion of the Gaza Strip continues—and militants continue to launch crude rockets into Israel—there's relative quiet in the other Palestinian territory, the West Bank.
Being present isn't easy, especially since the death of my favorite client, the handsome banker Dirk Goldfinger, whose conviction for insider trading was last fall's big news, and since I attended his wake this spring and subsequently, at a party for heal…
Groups all across America are still trying to persuade teenagers to choose abstinence over safe sex. For some in the Bible Belt, it's working.
We know every Sunday you tell your mom you're at church when you're really drunk off your ass at brunch, so for this week's Sunday comic, we had our pal James Harvey create a comic about Noah's ark.
This week was at least ten times weirder than last week. Maybe even 15. Let's GIF about it.
We talked to Him about His beginnings, the situation in the Middle East, and what He thought about the movie Noah.
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At the start of 2014 there are four broad—and overlapping—schisms in atheism, which can be summed up as: Dicks vs. Cowards, Islamophobes vs. More Cowards, Misogynists vs. Feminists, and Americans vs. Europeans. There has to be a better way.
God is descending on Minneapolis in the form of invisible spliffs and imaginary lines of coke. The Drunken Glory movement—spawned by events like the Florida Outpouring and Toronto Blessing in the 90s, at which people appeared to be inebriated and high pur…
Last week the Journal de Montreal dropped a bomb on Quebec's extremely shaky sense of identity by publishing leaked details from the upcoming Charter of Quebec Values set to be released in the fall.
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I like to think of myself as an equal-opportunity offender, that all religions are just different sides of the same million-or-so-headed coin to me. The specifics of what ancient person has what magic power according to whatever secret text is simply a di…


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Poison - Street fighter x Tekken
If you repost on you blog,website etc please give credits!
Photographer - Werun
Model - Mariedoll [link]
If you repost on you blog,website etc please give credits!
Photographer - Werun
Model - Mariedoll [link]
You have the most flawless body on the entire Deviantart site. Great cosplay!
I need this as my wallpaper @_@
is there a larger version?
is there a larger version?
damn that is very stunning, nice background nice face expression, nice lighting lovely pose <3
nice art. love this
you are simply amazing!
Could you post this in wallpaper size?
Thx in advance!
Thx in advance!
bad is not in 1920x1080 for i really did like has wallpaper,
I looked at that for too long and soaked my t-shirt ;( Do you have a spare one I could borrow, please?
that is an amazing poison cosplay shot-you should send this one to capcom as a promotional shot-they might use it, never know lol. Great pose tho
wow she's beautifull !! *__*
Oh yeah!
Incredibly hot as always, my dear. <3
I've never seen anything so amazingly hot!
Absolutely amazing! What more needs to be said! <3
I thought this was a drawing.
sexy as street fighter
Need the much higher resolution of this!
That girl isss poisonnnn!
this have to be the best version I've ever seen of poison........ good job.
More like the cure.
One of the best cosplay ever!
now there's some poison i wouldn't mind drinking
any chance of getting a wallpaper of this?
super happy with this one, can't believe I got an autographed poster of this from you! <3 O<3 this is Justin, the one in the S.T.A.R.S. outfit! Looking forward to seeing more of your works!
You are so hot o//o
well done!!
amazing and beautiful!!
Gorgeous !!!!
Wonderful image!
If Poison was a real girl they would look like that....awesome
I'd hit Poison any which way like a boss.
I can't lie. i would to.
If it's hot, fuck it. There is no gay. Sexuality is an illusion put in place by society anyway.
it is hot as fuck and i don't feel so bad for thinking Poison is hot. thank God girls love to do poison Cosplay
Capcom made an announcement that Poison is gay only for American market. In Japan it's a still and always was a woman.
Look up the term "newhalf" that's what they called Poison in japan, which meant guy dressed up as a woman. trust me I did all the research on Poison and I still sweat Poison especially when hot girls dress up as him/her.But seriously look up Poison's Japanese Origin history
DAUMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM!!!!!!!!!!lady you are just asking to get NAILED!!!!!!!!
How can I not like this namesake.
That girl is POISON!
OMG that's just so awesome... no one will dare to cosplay Poison anymore methinks xD


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Related quotes
"When it rains, make it pour. When it shines, make it sparkle. When it snows, sit back and enjoy. Make the most of every situation."
"Warm summer sun, shine kindly here. Warm southern wind, blow softly here. Green sod above, lie light, lie light. Good night, dear Heart, Good night, good night."
"The good shine from afar
Like the snowy Himalayas.
The bad don't appear
Even when near,
Like arrows shot into the night."


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Traditional and typical agri-food products are an important resource for agricultural and rural development in many areas of the European Union: these products have strong ties with their area of origin and their name very often coincides with that of a specific geographical area. Accordingly, these products are referred to here as Origin Labelled Products (OLPs) even when there is no specific legal instrument protecting their name. OLPs activate a complex system of relationships, which interest and involve the local production systems where these products are made, their marketing and distribution systems, rural development dynamics, and consumers/citizens. This system is affected and conditioned by many public policies, not only at EU and international level, but also at national and local level: agricultural policies, rural development policies, competition and health policies are among the most important of these. Within food quality policy, the European Union has recently strengthened its action to protect OLPs, in particular through EC Regulation 2081/92, by introducing PDOs and PGIs as two legal instruments for protection. Traditional and typical agro-food products (OLPs) have been closely studied in recent years by many researchers in many EU members states and other European countries. Many different points of view have been reached on various issues, but many others have until now been overlooked or less developed. There is a need to find out, synthesise and discuss the main research results, both in order to re-direct research efforts and to concentrate on relevant issues for academics and policy-makers alike.
ObjectivesThe objectives are: 1) to understand the characteristics, evolution, problems and opportunities for OLPs 2) to provide tools for an assessment of public policies concerning OLPs3) to provide relevant recommendations to the EU to support the negotiations regarding the protection and promotion of OLPs in the forthcoming WTO round. These objectives will be achieved through the setting-up of a network of scientists carrying out researches on OLPs; the activation of dissemination instruments to meet the needs of all the operators involved in OLPs (policy-makers, researchers, firms, etc.). The main outputs will be a report on OLPs' characteristics and opportunities, a report on policy effects on OLPs, a document to support the next WTO round, and a website detailing the dissemination.
ResultsThe main findings can be summarised as follows: In order to achieve GIs objectives, a central aspect is the renegotiation of the TRIPS agreement (which includes the international register and extension of art. 23 protection to all products). The legitimacy of the OLP's contribution to social goals has to be based on strong evidence and systematically promoted in the framework of international negotiations. Social objectives have to be much more carefully defined by politicians in the future and workable assessment tools have to be developed, on the basis of endogenous development principles. Consumer attitudes and behaviour have to be analysed much more intensively than today, so that specific marketing means for OLPs (product attributes, promotion, brands, distribution channels), can be developed. Strong OLP supply chains must be able to market efficiently specific products on local markets as well as on remote markets. Finally, public policies must be clearly orientated towards OLP development (and not only protection). This means firstly that the great diversity of OLP supply chains must be taken into account (with regard to their different needs tied to their main governance type and developing stages) and secondly that competition, consumer, rural development and agricultural policies have to work coherently in that direction in all EU countries.
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I'm brewing using my stovetop and pots and pans in my kitchen, and I don't have plans to upgrade too much. The SWMBO has signed off on my having a 5-gallon primary (actually a 6 gallon ale pail) in the kitchen for temperature control, but my real problem is actually filling it.
With both of the big kettles that I have I can do partial mashes, with grains in one pot and reconstituted DME or LME in the other. Best I can do on my stovetop is about 3 gallons of wort per day. I can cool my mash down quickly in an ice bath in the sink, and I do the same with the reconstituted DME (which I just quickly boil to sanitize). But even after this it is all too warm to pitch yeast into until the next day. I let everything cool to room temp while covered, then dump it all in the fermenter and pitch.
What I was thinking of doing was doing this process on sequential days, in order to fill up my fermenter. Do my partial mash 3 gallon boil, cool it overnight, put it in the primary and pitch yeast, and then boil an additional 3 gallons, cool that to room temperature, and then adding that to the already-pitched primary 24 hours later.
Can anyone poke any holes in this idea? Obviously I need to make sure everything is at or very near room temperature before it goes into the fermenter to avoid shocking the yeast. Will this screw up the yeast development? My guess is if I do this within a day or so the yeast will not really care, and mixing oxygen in probably still won't be a worry.
Have you considered making a high gravity wort and just topping off with cold water
Your idea would probably work fine but I think you're making it harder Than it has to be
It should work fine. It takes a lot of pro breweries multiple batches to fill their fermentors. I would, however, suggest that you get your wort to pitching temperature immediately instead of letting it sit over night.
Why can't you get a 20 quart aluminum stock pot from a restaurant supply shop and do a standard partial boil like almost everyone else?
Have you considered just doing small batches? 2.5-3 gal? I'll brew 2 gallon partial mashes and top off to 3.
What's your true need for 5-6 gal? Brewing a kit? drinking and serving that much?
(I love me my 3 gallon better bottle with the rotating spigot.)
an option could be to do hops boil in pot with the specialty grains, then use other pot to just quick boil the extract in only as much water you can fit, then top off the ale pale with jugs of store bought RO water.


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1. Take a mixing bowl add the semolina, gram flour, ground cumin, salt and sugar. Mix using a spoon.
2. Gradually add the oil and yogurt. Continue to stir with the spoon to mix well.
3. Add the green chili and ginger paste. Then add the boiled spaghetti (Whole grain spaghetti used in this recipe) and mix well.
4. Add a pinch of turmeric powder and gradually add water a little at a time and mix to form a batter. Also add freshly chopped cilantro while mixing the batter.
5. Once the batter is made, let it rest for about 30 minutes before making the pooda.
6. Check the batter for the desired consistency. If required add a little more water.
7. Take a non-stick pan and heat it on a stove. Spoon some batter and pour it on the pan and spread it to a round as thin as you can. Drizzle some oil on the edges if required.
8. When the bottom of the pooda is golden brown flip sides and let it cook. Drizzle some oil if required on the reverse side as well.
9. Serve the poodas hot with yogurt or any chutney of your choice.
Break the spaghetti sticks before boiling them.


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Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea TV Show Watchlist
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Exciting tales of the atomic submarine Seaview and its crew as they cruise the seas and encounter an array of exotic and lethal marine creatures, and, not infrequently, villainous humans as well. Irwin Allen was the creator and executive producer, and adap (more…)
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Season 3, Episode 4 Night of Terror
Nelson, Sharkey and Elton Sprague are hurled by a tidal wave onto an island inhabited by a prehistoric lizard. Nelson: Richard Basehart. Sprague: Henry Jones. Crane: David Hedison. Sharkey: Terry Becker. Morton: Bob Dowdell. Kowalski: Del Monroe.
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Jen Clinton
Jennifer is a 2009 graduate of Fairfield University, with a B.A. in politics and minors in environmental studies and French. Currently, she works with the alumni of The School for Field Studies, an environmental study abroad organization. Her own semester with SFS in the Turks and Caicos Islands, along with a Summer Student Fellowship with WHOI, defined her passion for environmental policy. This fall she will start a Master's in resource economics, focusing on marine resource management. Her other interests include traveling, writing and Caribbean culture.
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On this months episode we talk about spooky Halloween toxicology. What might that be? Listen and find out. Additionally, we cover something even scarier, uncontrollable bleeding. Contributors include Matt Zuckerman, Ed Boyer, Stephanie Weiss, Kavita Babu, and Scott Glazier. As noted in the podcast, here is a link to MedWatch and to the latest JMT […]
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Feb 12, 2014; New York, NY, U.S.A — Interview with snowboard slopestyle gold medal winner Sage Kotsenburg. — Photo by Adam Hunger USA TODAY Sports Images, Gannett
A ridiculous Duke foul shot shows why you should never gamble
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Delon Wright got a third foul with five minutes remaining in the first half. The game wouldn't be the same after.
Rick Pitino is the best NCAA tournament coach of the past decade
Kentucky succeeds with rosters of top draft picks. Louisville does it with teams that have little business advancing so far.
Watch the first teaser trailer for newest James Bond film: 'Spectre'
The film stars Daniel Craig and is directed by Sam Mendes.
Spurs' Tiago Splitter briefly forgets how to run on drive to basket
Big tree fall hard.
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Hey, similarly-sized head and arm holes can be confusing.
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Shake it. Shake, shake, shake it.