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J Crane
University of Otago, Taieri, Otago, New Zealand
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Conference Paper:
Association of Vitamin D Deficiency with Severity of Acute Respiratory Infection: A Case-Control Study in New Zealand Children
Ingham TR
Jones B
Camargo Jr CA
Kirman J
Dowell AC
, Crane J,
Stanley T
Grimwood K
the Whiti Te Rā Study Group
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OBJECTIVE: We evaluate the association of blood 25(OH)D 3 with Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) severity in early childhood, hypothesizing that children hospitalized with ARI have lower levels of vitamin D. CONCLUSION: Low vitamin D status is prevalent among NZ children with ARI. Vitamin D deficiency was more frequent among children hospitalized for ARI, as compared to those with outpatient ARI. Vitamin D status may be a contributing factor to the severity of ARI amongst NZ children.
European Respiratory Conference 2014, Munich; 09/2015
Differential effects of two probiotics on the risks of eczema and atopy associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms to toll-like receptors
Gareth Marlow
Dug Yeo Han
Kristin Wickens
Thorsten Stanley
, Julian Crane,
Edwin A Mitchell
James Dekker
Christine Barthow
Penny Fitzharris
Lynnette R Ferguson
Angharad R Morgan
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There is strong evidence to support a genetic predisposition to eczema and more recently studies have suggested that probiotics might be used to prevent eczema by modifying the expression of putative allergy-associated genes. The aim of this present study was to investigate if two probiotics, Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 (HN001) and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 (HN019), can modify the known genetic predisposition to eczema conferred by genetic variation in the Toll-like receptor (TLR) genes in a high risk infant population. We selected 54 SNPs in the toll-like receptor genes. These SNPs were analysed in 331 children of sole European ancestry as part of a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial examining the effects of HN001 and HN019 supplementation on eczema development and atopic sensitisation. The data showed that 26 TLR SNPs interacted with HN001 resulting in a significantly reduced risk of eczema, 18 for eczema severity as defined by SCORAD ≥10 and 20 for atopic sensitisation compared to placebo. There were only two SNPs that interacted with HN019 resulting in a reduced risk of eczema, eczema severity or atopy. This is the first study to show that the negative impact of specific TLR genotypes may be positively affected by probiotic supplementation. HN001 exhibits a much stronger effect than HN019 in this respect. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology 03/2015; DOI:10.1111/pai.12371
· 3.38 Impact Factor
Available from: Robert Siebers
Effect of Repeated Freeze/Thawing of Household Dust Extracts on β-(1,3)-Glucan Levels.
Robert Siebers
Francis F F Wu
Caroline Shorter
Nevil Pierse
, Julian Crane
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β-(1,3)-glucan exposure from household dust has been shown to be associated with respiratory symptoms and thus is increasingly being measured in epidemiological studies. Various factors are known to influence its measurement; however, no studies have assessed the effects of sample extract freeze-thawing on β-(1,3)-glucan. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of repeated freeze-thawing of household dust extracts on levels of β-(1,3)-glucan. Forty random household dust samples were extracted with 0.3 M NaOH and aliquots of extracts stored at -20°C were subjected to one, two, and three freeze-thaw cycles. They were analyzed for β-(1,3)-glucan by the Limulus amoebocyte assay (LAL) and results compared to freshly extracted samples (paired Pearson's t-test on logged values). Initial freezing of house dust extracts results in a significant decline in β-(1,3)-glucan. However, repeated freeze/thawing (up to three times) does not results in any further decline in β-(1,3)-glucan levels.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 01/2015; 12(1):D1-3. DOI:10.1080/15459624.2014.963590
· 1.21 Impact Factor
Randomized Controlled Trial Of Asthma Risk With Paracetamol Use In Infancy - A Feasibility Study.
Judith Riley
Irene Braithwaite
Philippa Shirtcliffe
Rachel Caswell-Smith
Anna Hunt
Vanessa Bowden
Sharon Power
Thorsten Stanley
, Julian Crane,
Tristram Ingham
Mark Weatherall
Edwin A Mitchell
Richard Beasley
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There is non-experimental evidence that paracetamol (acetaminophen) use may increase the risk of developing asthma. However numerous methodological issues need to be resolved before undertaking a randomized controlled trial to investigate this hypothesis.
Clinical & Experimental Allergy 10/2014; DOI:10.1111/cea.12433
· 4.32 Impact Factor
Reduced primary care respiratory infection visits following pregnancy and infancy vitamin D supplementation: a randomised-controlled trial
Cameron C. Grant
Suhina Kaur
Ellen Waymouth
Edwin A. Mitchell
Robert Scragg
Alec Ekeroma
Alistair Stewart
, Julian Crane,
Adrian Trenholme
Carlos A. Camargo
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AimTo determine whether vitamin D supplementation reduces primary care visits for acute respiratory infection (ARI).MethodsA randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted inNew Zealandand powered to determine the vitamin D dose needed to achieve normal vitamin D status during infancy.Healthy pregnant women, from 27weeksgestation to birth, and their infants, from birth to age 6months, were assigned to placebo or one of two dosages of daily oral vitamin D3. Woman/infant pairs were randomised to: placebo/placebo, 1000IU/400IU, or 2000IU/800IU.For this ad hoc analysis, the primary care records of enrolled children were audited to age 18 months.ResultsTwo-hundred-and-sixty pregnant women were randomised to placebo (n=87), lower-dose (n=87) or higher-dose (n=86) vitamin D3. In comparison with the placebo group (99%), the proportion of children making any ARIvisitswas smaller in the higher-dose (87%, P=0.004), but not the lower-dose vitamin D3 group (95%, P=0.17). The median number of ARIvisits/child was less in the higher-dose vitamin D3group from age 6-18 months (placebo 4, lower-dose 3, higher-dose 2.5; P=0.048 for higher-dose vitamin D3 vs. placebo).Conclusion Vitamin D3 supplementation during pregnancy and infancyreduces primary care visits for ARIduring early childhood.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Acta Paediatrica 10/2014; DOI:10.1111/apa.12819
· 1.97 Impact Factor
Available from: Dug Yeo Han
Differential modification of genetic susceptibility to childhood eczema by two probiotics
Angharad R. Morgan
Dug Yeo Han
Kristin Wickens
Christine Barthow
Edwin A. Mitchell
Thorsten V. Stanley
James Dekker
, Julian Crane,
Lynnette R. Ferguson
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Background In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled birth cohort, we have recently shown a beneficial effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 (HN001) for the prevention of eczema in children through to 6 years of age but no effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis HN019 (HN019).Objective Among this cohort of children, we aim to investigate whether these probiotics could modify the expression of genetic predisposition to eczema conferred by genetic variation in susceptibility genes.Methods Thirty three eczema susceptibility SNPs (in eleven genes) were genotyped in 331 children of European ancestry.ResultsChildren who carried a genetic variant that put them at a high risk of developing eczema were less likely to develop eczema if they had been randomised to the HN001 intervention group compared to those in the placebo group. HN019 was also able to protect against the effects of some SNPs. As well as modifying genetic susceptibility to childhood eczema, HN001 was also found to modify genetic susceptibility to eczema severity and atopy risk.Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceThis is the first study to show an effect of a probiotic on reducing eczema risk amongst those with particular eczema-associated genotypes. Our findings suggest that Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 may be particularly effective in preventing eczema in children with specific high risk genotypes.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Clinical & Experimental Allergy 08/2014; 44(10). DOI:10.1111/cea.12394
· 4.32 Impact Factor
Conference Paper:
Quantitative PCR determination of microbes in relation to observed measures of mould in homes.
Martin Täubel
Shorter C
Pierse N
Hyvärinen A
, Crane J
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INTRODUCTION: Moisture damage and visible mould in buildings are consistently linked with ill health, and microbes are suggested to be a key factor in the adverse exposure. Practical tools to reliably assess moisture related microbial contamination in buildings and to potentially predict health hazardous situations are lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate a simple passive sampling approach in combination with quantitative PCR as a tool to objectively assess moisture damage and mould contamination in homes. METHODS: Airborne settled dust passively collected over four weeks on electrostatic wipes placed in 93 residential homes in New Zealand were analysed for fungal and bacterial content using quantitative PCR (qPCR). The log transformed microbial measurement data were analysed against a home mould score using Pearson's correlation test and home characteristics using Student's T-Test, with a focus on researcher and parent reported observations of moisture damage, dampness and mould. RESULTS: Levels of following fungal and bacterial groups were determined from airborne settled dust collected in children's bedrooms: Cladosporium cladosporioides (median 4.00x102 cells/wipe), Aspergillus versicolor (86% of samples <LOD), Penicillium spp./ Aspergillus spp./Paecilomyces variotii group (Pen/Asp; median 3.98x104 cells/wipe), universal fungi (median 4.90x104 cells/wipe), Gram-positive (median 1.98x106 cells/wipe) and Gram-negative bacteria (median 8.66x105 cells/wipe). Levels of universal fungi and Pen/Asp groups were significantly elevated in homes in which mould odour, visible dampness and leaks or moisture damage were reported, and moreover correlated with a mould score calculated based on the extent of visible mould observed. Both Gram-positive and negative bacterial levels were significantly higher in homes where leaks or moisture damage and mould odour were observed, and where more than one child slept in the bedroom. Levels of C. cladosporioides were higher in homes with reported leaks or moisture damage. CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative PCR analyses in combination with a standardized passive sampling approach for settled dust is a promising tool to objectively measure mould contamination in residential homes, both in epidemiological study settings and to support building inspections for moisture and mould damage in practical situations. Specifically, measurements of universal fungi and Penicillium/Aspergillus group were strongly associated with observations of visible mould, mould odour and moisture damage.
Indoor Air 2014, the 13th International Conference in Indoor Air Quality and Climate, Hong Kong; 07/2014
Combination Rapid-Acting Nicotine Mouth Spray and Nicotine Patch Therapy in Smoking Cessation
Brent O Caldwell
Simon J Adamson
, Julian Crane
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Introduction: Improved smoking cessation rates are urgently required if New Zealand is to reach its target of a smokefree nation by 2025, during which some 600,000 smokers will need to quit. Nicotine replacement therapy remains a core part of the pharmacological approach to smoking cessation. Oral nicotine solutions with rapid onset have recently become available. We have examined the effect of a nicotine spray and a nicotine patch on smoking cessation for 12 months. Methods: We enrolled potential participants-smokers wanting to quit aged 18-70 years, who smoked >= 9 cigarettes per day-with Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence score >= 3 in a double-blind trial in 3 trial sites. Smokers were randomized to a nicotine or placebo spray for 6 months, and all received nicotine patches daily for 5 months. They were followed at regular intervals for 12 months. Results: A total of 1,423 subjects were randomized to nicotine oral spray (1 mg of nicotine free base per spray) plus nicotine patch or a placebo spray and nicotine patch. The nicotine mouth spray plus nicotine patch showed significant improvements in prolonged abstinence for all measures to 6 months (7 consecutive days at each visit for 6 months: 15.5% vs. 10.6%; p = .006) for the combination versus placebo and nicotine patch. Thereafter, the differences were not significant. Conclusions: The addition of a nicotine mouth spray to a nicotine replacement patch in a population of smokers receiving a low level of behavioral support improved early quitting, but the effects were not sustained.
Nicotine & Tobacco Research 05/2014; 16(10). DOI:10.1093/ntr/ntu084
· 2.81 Impact Factor
Antibiotics and asthma: a tricky tributary of the hygiene hypothesis
Julian Crane,
Kristin Wickens
Available from: Janet Hoek
Technical Report:
ASPIRE2025 Submission on the Smoke-free Environments (Tobacco Plain Packaging) Amendment Bill March 2014 Contents
Janet Hoek
Emeritus Professor
Philip Gendall
Richard Edwards
, Julian Crane,
Chris Cunningham
Associate Professor
George Thomson
Nick Wilson
Dr Ninya
Maubach Dr
El-Shadan Tautolo
Dr Richard
Jaine Dr
Heather Gifford
Rebecca Gray
Anaru Waa
Available from: Michael N Bates
Chronic Ambient Hydrogen Sulfide Exposure and Cognitive Function
Bruce R. Reed
, Julian Crane,
Nick Garrett
David L. Woods
Michael N. Bates
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Background Exposures to hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S) have been inconclusively linked to a variety of negative cognitive outcomes. We investigated possible effects on cognitive function in an urban population with chronic, low-level exposure to H2S. Methods Participants were 1,637 adults, aged 18–65 years from Rotorua city, New Zealand, exposed to ambient H2S from geothermal sources. Exposures at homes and workplaces were estimated from data collected by summer and winter H2S monitoring networks across Rotorua in 2010/11. Metrics for H2S exposure at the time of participation and for exposure over the last 30 years were calculated. H2S exposure was modeled both as continuous variables and as quartiles of exposure covering the range of 0 – 64 ppb (0–88 μg/m3). Outcomes were neuropsychological tests measuring visual and verbal episodic memory, attention, fine motor skills, psychomotor speed and mood. Associations between cognition and measures of H2S exposure were investigated with multiple regression , while covarying demographics and factors known to be associated with cognitive performance. Results The consistent finding was of no association between H2S exposure and cognition. Quartiles of H2S exposure had a small association with simple reaction time: higher exposures were associated with faster response times. Similarly, for digit symbol, higher H2S exposures tended to be marginally associated with better performance. Conclusion The results provide evidence that chronic H2S exposure, at the ambient levels found in and around Rotorua, is not associated with impairment of cognitive function.
Neurotoxicology and Teratology 03/2014; DOI:10.1016/j.ntt.2014.02.002
· 3.22 Impact Factor
Available from: Robert Siebers
Randomised placebo-controlled study of the effect of paracetamol on asthma severity in adults
Sally J Ioannides
Mathew Williams
Sarah Jefferies
Kyle Perrin
Mark Weatherall
Robert Siebers
, Julian Crane,
Mitesh Patel
Justin Travers
Philippa Shirtcliffe
Richard Beasley
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To investigate the effect of regular paracetamol on bronchial hyper-responsiveness (BHR) and asthma control in adult asthma. Single research-based outpatient clinic. 94 adults with mild-to-moderate asthma received randomised treatment; 85 completed the study. Key inclusion criteria were age 18-65 years, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) >70% predicted, provocation concentration of methacholine causing a 20% reduction in FEV1 (PC20) between 0.125 and 16 mg/mL. Key exclusion criteria included an asthma exacerbation within the previous 2 months, current regular use of paracetamol, use of high-dose aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, current or past cigarette smoking >10 pack-years. In a 12-week randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study, participants received 12 weeks of 1 g paracetamol twice daily or placebo twice daily. The primary outcome variable was BHR, measured as the PC20 at week 12. Secondary outcome variables included FEV1, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and asthma control questionnaire (ACQ) score. At 12 weeks, the mean (SD) logarithm base two PC20 was 1.07 (2.36) in the control group (N=54) and 0.62 (2.09) in the paracetamol group (N=31). After controlling for baseline PC20, the mean difference (paracetamol minus placebo) was -0.48 doubling dose worsening in BHR in the paracetamol group (95% CI -1.28 to 0.32), p=0.24. There were no statistically significant differences (paracetamol minus placebo) in log FeNO (0.09 (95% CI -0.097 to 0.27)), FEV1 (-0.07 L (95% CI -0.15 to 0.01)) or ACQ score (-0.04 (95% CI -0.27 to 0.18)). There was no significant effect of paracetamol on BHR and asthma control in adults with mild-to-moderate asthma. However, the study findings are limited by low power and the upper confidence limits did not rule out clinically relevant adverse effects. Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry Number: NZCTR12609000551291.
BMJ Open 01/2014; 4(2):e004324. DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004324
· 2.06 Impact Factor
Available from: Kristin Wickens
PD47 - Visible mould and dampness are associated with new onset wheezing in New Zealand children.
Caroline Shorter
, Julian Crane,
Kristin Wickens
Nevil Pierse
Thorsten Stanley
Phillipa Barnes
Janice Kang
Philippa Howden-Chapman
01/2014; 4(Suppl 1 3rd Pediatric Allergy and Asthma Meeting (PAAM)Publi):P47. DOI:10.1186/2045-7022-4-S1-P47
Vitamin D During Pregnancy and Infancy and Infant Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration
Cameron C Grant
Alistair W Stewart
Robert Scragg
Tania Milne
Judy Rowden
Alec Ekeroma
Clare Wall
Edwin A Mitchell
Sue Crengle
Adrian Trenholme
, Julian Crane,
Carlos A Camargo
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OBJECTIVE:To determine the vitamin D dose necessary to achieve serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration ≥20 ng/mL during infancy.METHODS:A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in New Zealand. Pregnant mothers, from 27 weeks' gestation to birth, and then their infants, from birth to age 6 months, were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 mother/infant groups: placebo/placebo, vitamin D3 1000/400 IU, or vitamin D3 2000/800 IU. Serum 25(OH)D and calcium concentrations were measured at enrollment, 36 weeks' gestation, in cord blood, and in infants at 2, 4, and 6 months of age.RESULTS:Two-hundred-and-sixty pregnant women were randomized. At enrollment, the proportions with serum 25(OH)D ≥20 ng/mL for placebo, lower-dose, and higher-dose groups were 54%, 64%, and 55%, respectively. The proportion with 25(OH)D ≥20 ng/mL was larger in both intervention groups at 36 weeks' gestation (50%, 91%, 89%, P < .001). In comparison with placebo, the proportion of infants with 25(OH)D ≥20 ng/mL was larger in both intervention groups to age 4 months: cord blood (22%, 72%, 71%, P < .001), 2 months (50%, 82%, 92%, P < .001), and 4 months (66%, 87%, 87%, P = .004), but only in the higher-dose group at age 6 months (74%, 82%, 89%, P = .07; higher dose versus placebo P = .03, lower dose versus placebo P = .21).CONCLUSIONS:Daily vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and then infancy with 1000/400 IU or 2000/800 IU increases the proportion of infants with 25(OH)D ≥20 ng/mL, with the higher dose sustaining this increase for longer.
PEDIATRICS 12/2013; 133(1). DOI:10.1542/peds.2013-2602
· 5.30 Impact Factor
Cat, Dog and House Dust Mite Allergen Levels on Children's Soft Toys.
Francis Fu-Sheng Wu
Mei-Wen Wu
Ming-Hui Ting
, Julian Crane,
Rob Siebers
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Abstract Objective Children's soft toys are known to harbour house dust mite (HDM) allergens, but little is known whether they harbour cat or dog allergens. The objective of the study was to measure cat (Fel d 1), dog (Can f 1) and HDM allergens on children's soft toys. Methods Dust was collected from 40 children's soft toys and their mattresses. Data was collected on pet ownership. Dust samples were analysed for Fel d 1, Can f 1, Der p 1 and Der f 1 by ELISA and results expressed as median levels with inter-quartile ranges. Results Thirty five (87.5%) soft toys had detectable Fel d 1 levels (median: 0.73 µg/g; inter quartile range: 0.26-2.56 µg/g) while 34 (85%) had detectable Can f 1 levels (1.20 µg/g; 0.53-2.68). Correspondingly, 32 (80%) mattresses had detectable Fel d 1 levels (0.18 µg/g, 0.07-1.01) while 34 (85%) had detectable Can f 1 levels (0.50 µg/g; 0.33-1.06). All mattresses and soft toys had detectable HDM allergen (Der p 1 + Der f 1) levels with soft toys containing about 3 times higher levels than mattresses. In homes with cats (n=10) Fel d 1 levels were higher on soft toys than homes without cats (2.49 µg/g vs. 0.48 µg/g; p=0.0009). In homes with dogs (n=25) Can f 1 levels were generally higher on soft toys (1.38µg/g vs. 0.63 µg/g; p=0.10). Conclusions This study has shown that soft toys can harbour cat and dog allergen as well as HDM allergens, some with very high levels. Cat and dog ownership resulted in higher Fel d 1 and Can f 1 levels on soft toys and mattresses. The levels of Fel d 1, Can f 1 and HDM allergens on soft toys could be of importance to sensitized asthmatic children.
Journal of Asthma 09/2013; DOI:10.3109/02770903.2013.843097
· 1.83 Impact Factor
Early supplementation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 reduces eczema prevalence to 6 years: does it also reduce atopic sensitization?
K Wickens
T V Stanley
E A Mitchell
C Barthow
P Fitzharris
G Purdie
R Siebers
P N Black
, J Crane
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The role of probiotics in prevention of allergic disease is still not clear; efficacy may depend on the timing, dose, duration, and specific probiotic used. Using a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial (Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12607000518460), we have shown that in a high-risk birth cohort, maternal supplementation from 35 weeks gestation until 6 months if breastfeeding and infant supplementation from birth until 2 years with Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 (HN001) (6 × 10(9) cfu/day) halved the cumulative prevalence of eczema at 2 and 4 years. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis HN019 (HN019) (9 × 10(9) cfu/day) had no significant effect. To determine whether differences in effects of HN001 and HN019 on eczema persist to age 6 years, and to investigate effects on sensitization. Standard procedures were used to assess eczema (The UK Working Party's Criteria), eczema severity (SCORAD), atopic sensitization [skin prick tests (SPT), total and specific IgE] and standard questions used for asthma, wheeze, and rhinoconjunctivitis. HN001 was associated with significantly lower cumulative prevalence of eczema (HR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.39-0.80), SCORAD ≥ 10 (HR = 0.69, 0.49-0.98) and SPT sensitization (HR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.48-0.99). The point prevalence of eczema (RR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.44-1.00), SCORAD ≥ 10 (RR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.38-1.01) and SPT sensitization (RR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.53-1.00) were also reduced among children taking HN001. HN019 had no significant effect on any outcome. This study provides evidence for the efficacy of the probiotic L. rhamnosus HN001 in preventing the development of eczema and possibly also atopic sensitization in high risk infants to age 6 years. The absence of a similar effect for HN019 indicates that benefits may be species specific.
Clinical & Experimental Allergy 09/2013; 43(9):1048-57. DOI:10.1111/cea.12154
· 4.32 Impact Factor
Modelling the effects of low indoor temperatures on the lung function of children with asthma
Nevil Pierse
Richard Arnold
Michael Keall
Philippa Howden-Chapman
, Julian Crane,
Malcolm Cunningham
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While many epidemiological studies have shown that low outdoor temperatures are associated with increased rates of hospitalisation and mortality (especially for respiratory or cardiovascular disease), very few studies have looked at the association between indoor temperatures and health. Such studies are clearly warranted, as people have greater exposure to the indoor environment than the outdoor environment. To examine the relationship between various metrics of indoor temperature and lung function in children with asthma. Our specific research questions were: (1) In which room of the home is temperature most strongly associated with lung function? (2) Which exposure metric best describes the relationship between indoor temperature and lung function? (3) Over what lag/time period does indoor air temperature affect lung function most strongly? The Heating Housing and Health Study was a randomised controlled trial that investigated the effect of installing heaters in the homes of children with asthma. This study collected measurements of lung function (daily) and indoor temperature (hourly). Lung function and indoor temperature were measured for 309 children over 12 049 child-days. Statistical models were fitted to identify the best measures and metrics. The strongest association with lung function was found for the severity of exposure to low bedroom temperatures averaged over the preceding periods of 0-7 to 0-12 days. A 1°C increase in temperature was associated with an average increase of 0.010, 0.008, 10.06, 12.06, in our four measures of lung function (peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) morning, PEFR evening, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) morning and FEV1 evening). Indoor temperatures have a small, but significant, association with short-term variations in the lung function of children with asthma.
Journal of epidemiology and community health 08/2013; 67(11). DOI:10.1136/jech-2013-202632
· 3.04 Impact Factor
Available from: Philip K Pattemore
Time trends, ethnicity and risk factors for eczema in New Zealand children: ISAAC Phase Three.
Tadd Clayton
M Innes Asher
, Julian Crane,
Philippa Ellwood
Richard Mackay
Edwin A Mitchell
Chris D Moyes
Philip Pattemore
Neil Pearce
Alistair W Stewart
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Eczema is a common chronic disease which has significant morbidity and costs for children and their families. Phase One (1993) of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) found a high prevalence of symptoms of eczema in New Zealand. In Phase Three (2001-3) we aimed to answer these three questions: Is the prevalence of eczema changing over time?; Are there ethnic differences in prevalence?; and What are the risk factors for eczema? Five New Zealand centres participated in ISAAC Phases One and Three using the same methodology. Questionnaires about ethnicity, symptoms of eczema and environmental factors were completed by parents of 6-7 year olds (children) and self-completed by 13-14 year olds (adolescents). Prevalence and change per year were calculated by centre, ethnicity and gender. Prevalence differences between centres and associations with environmental factors were examined using logistic regression. There was little change in prevalence over time for the children, and a decrease in prevalence for the adolescents. Prevalence was higher among Māori and even higher among Pacific participants than among European children. Positive associations with current eczema symptoms were found for both age groups for truck traffic in the street of residence, and current paracetamol consumption, and for children only, antibiotics or paracetamol in the 1st year of life. Inverse associations were found with residence in New Zealand less than 5 years, consumption of milk, seafood, and eggs, and presence of a dog in the home. Eczema remains a significant problem, particularly for young Māori and Pacific New Zealanders in whom less recognition of eczema and poorer access to effective, sustained eczema management may be contributing factors. Reverse causation may explain all the environmental findings apart from truck traffic which is increasing in New Zealand.
07/2013; 3(3):161-78. DOI:10.5415/apallergy.2013.3.3.161
Cooking fuels and prevalence of asthma: a global analysis of phase three of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC).
Gary W K Wong
Bert Brunekreef
Philippa Ellwood
H Ross Anderson
M Innes Asher
, Julian Crane,
Christopher K W Lai
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Indoor air pollution from a range of household cooking fuels has been implicated in the development and exacerbation of respiratory diseases. In both rich and poor countries, the effects of cooking fuels on asthma and allergies in childhood are unclear. We investigated the association between asthma and the use of a range of cooking fuels around the world. For phase three of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), written questionnaires were self-completed at school by secondary school students aged 13-14 years, 244 734 (78%) of whom were then shown a video questionnaire on wheezing symptoms. Parents of children aged 6-7 years completed the written questionnaire at home. We investigated the association between types of cooking fuels and symptoms of asthma using logistic regression. Adjustments were made for sex, region of the world, language, gross national income, maternal education, parental smoking, and six other subject-specific covariates. The ISAAC study is now closed, but researchers can continue to use the instruments for further research. Data were collected between 1999 and 2004. 512 707 primary and secondary school children from 108 centres in 47 countries were included in the analysis. The use of an open fire for cooking was associated with an increased risk of symptoms of asthma and reported asthma in both children aged 6-7 years (odds ratio [OR] for wheeze in the past year, 1·78, 95% CI 1·51-2·10) and those aged 13-14 years (OR 1·20, 95% CI 1·06-1·37). In the final multivariate analyses, ORs for wheeze in the past year and the use of solely an open fire for cooking were 2·17 (95% CI 1·64-2·87) for children aged 6-7 years and 1·35 (1·11-1·64) for children aged 13-14 years. Odds ratios for wheeze in the past year and the use of open fire in combination with other fuels for cooking were 1·51 (1·25-1·81 for children aged 6-7 years and 1·35 (1·15-1·58) for those aged 13-14 years. In both age groups, we detected no evidence of an association between the use of gas as a cooking fuel and either asthma symptoms or asthma diagnosis. The use of open fires for cooking is associated with an increased risk of symptoms of asthma and of asthma diagnosis in children. Because a large percentage of the world population uses open fires for cooking, this method of cooking might be an important modifiable risk factor if the association is proven to be causal. BUPA Foundation, the Auckland Medical Research Foundation, the Health Research Council of New Zealand, the Asthma and Respiratory Foundation of New Zealand, the Child Health Research Foundation, the Hawke's Bay Medical Research Foundation, the Waikato Medical Research Foundation, Glaxo Wellcome New Zealand, the NZ Lottery Board, Astra Zeneca New Zealand, Hong Kong Research Grant Council, Glaxo Wellcome International Medical Affairs.
Available from: Robert Siebers
Dampness and moulds in relation to respiratory and allergic symptoms in children: results from Phase Two of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC Phase Two).
G Weinmayr
U Gehring
J Genuneit
G Büchele
A Kleiner
R Siebers
K Wickens
, J Crane,
B Brunekreef
D P Strachan
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Many studies report that damp housing conditions are associated with respiratory symptoms. Less is known about mechanisms and possible effect modifiers. Studies of dampness in relation to allergic sensitization and eczema are scarce. We study the influence of damp housing conditions world-wide on symptoms and objective outcomes. Cross-sectional studies of 8-12-year-old children in 20 countries used standardized methodology from Phase Two of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). Symptoms of asthma, rhinitis and eczema, plus residential exposure to dampness and moulds, were ascertained by parental questionnaires (n = 46 051). Skin examination, skin prick tests (n = 26 967) and hypertonic saline bronchial challenge (n = 5713) were performed. In subsamples stratified by wheeze (n = 1175), dust was sampled and analysed for house dust mite (HDM) allergens and endotoxin. Current exposure to dampness was more common for wheezy children (pooled odds ratio 1.58, 95% CI 1.40-1.79) and was associated with greater symptom severity among wheezers, irrespective of atopy. A significant (P < 0.01) adverse effect of dampness was also seen for cough and phlegm, rhinitis and reported eczema, but not for examined eczema, nor bronchial hyperresponsiveness. HDM sensitization was more common in damp homes (OR 1.16, 1.03-1.32). HDM-allergen levels were higher in damp homes and were positively associated with HDM-sensitization, but not wheeze. A consistent association of dampness with respiratory and other symptoms was found in both affluent and non-affluent countries, among both atopic and non-atopic children. HDM exposure and sensitization may contribute, but the link seems to be related principally to non-atopic mechanisms.
Clinical & Experimental Allergy 07/2013; 43(7):762-774. DOI:10.1111/cea.12107
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Robert Siebers
University of Otago
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Kristin Wickens
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Penny Fitzharris
Auckland District Health Board
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Edwin A Mitchell
University of Auckland
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Medical Research Institute of New Zealand
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Jobless rate drops — a little
Job seekers turned out for a job fair Tuesday in hopes of finding temporary jobs across a number of fields.
"I'm interested in anything," said Stephanie Jensen, 19, Brainerd.
Jensen said she plans to attend Central Lakes College in the fall and has been out of work for a couple of weeks. She's had interviews, but no job offers yet, she said.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Latest Graduate Record Examinations Stories
Never-before-published real test questions provide more in-depth practice to help prospective graduate and business school students PRINCETON, N.J., Aug.
LEXINGTON, Mass., Aug. 25, 2014 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- Chyten Educational Services, Inc.
The education company offers free practice tests for students taking the Certified Professional Coder exam. Boston, MA (PRWEB) August 22, 2014 Medical
Second annual report highlights widespread use of TOEIC® test to measure English proficiency in the workplace PRINCETON, N.J., Aug.
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Joins growing number of states offering the affordable, accessible alternative to the GED® test PRINCETON, N.J., Aug.
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TestMax, the leader in comprehensive app-based standardized test prep courses including BarMax, LSATMax and SATMax, announces a special promotion for students preparing to take the Law School
- The governor of a province or people.


text:
Delta Vero Tub and Shower Trim Package with Independent Volume Control, Monitor and Touch Clean Technologies
Delta Vero Tub and Shower Trim Package with Independent Volume Control, Monitor and Touch Clean Technologies
Additional Documents
Weights & Dimensions
|Product Type: Tub and shower faucet
|Shower Head Type: Adjustable shower head; Low flow shower head
|Style: Modern
|Finish: 1: Bronze
|Finish: 2: Chrome
|Finish: 3: Stainless Steel
|Flow Rate: 2 Gallons per Minute (GPM)
|Rough-In Valve Included: Yes
|Spray Pattern: Rain
|Faucet Control Type: Dual function; Thermostatic; Volume control
|Faucet Handle Included: Yes
|Installation Type: Wall mounted
|Product Care: Always blot dry any water from faucet surface. Cleaning with a damp, non-abrasive sponge and buffing it dry with a clean soft cloth should help keep your product looking beautiful. To remove water spots, use warm water and a soft, damp cloth. Hard water stains may be removed using a 50/50 solution of white vinegar and water. Make certain that you rinse thoroughly with water afterward. If additional cleaning is required, all of our finishes may be cleaned with the following household cleaners: Formula 409® Antibacterial All Purpose Cleaner, Fantastik® All Purpose Cleaner, or Windex® Original Glass Cleaner, when used according to the manufacturers' instructions for use.
|Country of Manufacture: Imported
|Installation Required: Yes
|Product Warranty: Limited
|ADA Compliant: Yes
Still have questions about this product? We're here to help
Delta Vero Tub and Shower Trim Package with Independent Volume Control, Monitor and Touch Clean Technologies
About the ManufacturerDelta works wonders with water™. Water, when left to its own devices, can be unruly, which is fine if you're white water rafting, but not if you're brushing your teeth. That's where their 55 years of innovation, come in. From showers that won't scald to the latest styles, finishes, faucets, handles, and accessories, Delta has everything your water needs to reach its full potential in your home. Welcome to the world of Delta, where they do indeed work wonders with water.
Delta will be the market share leader in providing differentiated branded faucets and related products that support their success with faucets among consumers. They will focus on understanding and fulfilling the product and service needs of consumers, builders, installers and specifiers of faucets for places where people live around the world. They will understand the needs of their targeted customers and implement programs and services to provide optimal access to our products, utilizing Masco products and services where appropriate.
With the most extensive quality control system in the world, faucet from Delta is pre-tested before it leaves the warehouse to ensure perfection upon arrival. With Delta's patented premium finishes, you can be sure that your Delta faucet will be both durable and easy to clean with no tarnishing or discoloring. All parts and finishes of the Delta faucet are warranted to the original consumer purchaser to be free from defects in material and workmanship for as long as the original consumer purchaser owns their home. Delta will replace, FREE OF CHARGE, during the warranty period, any part or finish that proves defective in material and/or workmanship under normal installation, use and service.
The Company's flagship Delta® brand delivers exceptionally well-made, stylish faucets and related kitchen and bath accessories that are both beautiful inside and outside. This market-leading product line features a unique combination of stylish looks and excellent quality, and is available in a wide variety of finishes.
Brizo® is a new premium brand that promises customers distinctively designed, inventive faucets and accessories that will live up to homeowners' expectations of beauty and performance. Peerless® offers value-driven, proven designs that don't sacrifice style.
Delta offers the broadest line of beautifully engineered commercial faucets in the industry. Comprised of products from Brizo, Delta, and Delta Commercial, they deliver an exceptional commercial faucet selection backed by the Delta name.
American quality and styling make Delta a globally recognized brand name faucet. The company's Delex® Euroline™, Delta Euroline, Brizo Euroline and Synergy products offer a selection of styles, finishes and valving for discerning international consumers.
Delta's manufacturing plants are located in Greensburg, Indiana; Jackson, Tennessee; Chickasha, Oklahoma; Ontario, Canada; and Panyu, China.
|5 star
|4 star
|3 star
|2 star
|1 star
Vero Tub and shower trim.
Peggy from Plantation, FL– Verified Buyer
I love the set, it is very modern with nice clean lines. it works great in keeping the temp. controlled even for my son. So easy to just set the temp and then turn off and on. My stupid mistake and not realizing what Trim package actually meant that I needed the interest value parts. But Luckily I was able to find the right part at a plumbing specialty store in stock.
Amazing quality
Nell from CA– Verified Buyer
I think the quality was great and it is everything I expected it to be. The delivery was on time and installation was easy too.
Modern Bathroom
Karen from New Orleans, LA– Verified Buyer
Works well and goes great in our newly refinished bathroom!
Great product!
meta from Atlanta, GA– Verified Buyer– Top 500 Reviewer
Great product - installs easily and looks great - would buy again
Great Value
John from Alamo, CA– Verified Buyer
Great value for the money, it's perfect for the guest bath.
THis item is adjust as described.
marisela from Miami, FL– Verified Buyer
Will make your shower look like brand new again. I love the sleek look of it.
Tub Shower Faucet Trim
Tina from Canada
I like it a lot, I think it's great quality piece, it's working out very well. Looks good. I'm very happy with it.
OUR SKU # DLT6640Vero Tub and Shower Trim Package with Independent Volume Control, Monitor and Touch Clean Technologies is also sometimes listed under the following manufacturer numbers: T17453, T17453-CZ, T17453-RB, T17453-SS


text:
From Destination:
33.12m / 53.32km
Rates From:
5131 University Pkwy,
Natchitoches, LA, 71457, United States
Phone: 318/352-6655
Located in the oldest city in the Louisiana Purchase, this pet-friendly Natchitoches hotel offers history, charm, fun, exhilaration and productivity. The comforts of home can be found in the spacious, elegant rooms at the BEST WESTERN Natchitoches... More
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From Destination:
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From Destination:
48.86m / 78.66km
Rates From:
405 Thomas Road,
West Monroe, LA, 71292, United States
Phone: 318/322-9922
Recently under new ownership, the Best Western Hotel of West Monroe, Louisiana welcomes you and your family. Located off I-20, Exit 114 South Thomas Road, our hotel provides a great base to discover downtown Monroe's antique alley, filled with small... More
.25 miles from filming location of Duck Dynasty. Free hot breakfast and refrigerators in each room!
|Complimentary Breakfast
* Rates are based on selected occupancy and dates. Rates may change depending upon final dates, room type, and guest occupancy.


text:
Had fun doing the Christmas lights...I hope the swallowed bulb's glow is evident enough.
Corel Painter X and WACOM tablet. 1/2 hour to do, no line art.
this is so gorgeousMay 15th, 2013 Reply Who wants a hug?
very nicely doneMay 15th, 2013 Reply Subscriber
Thanks. Kind of a doodle actually but I like him...and it was SO fun with the lights.May 16th, 2013 Reply


text:
Mary Ellen Wewers, RN, PhD, MPH
College of Public Health
Health Behavior & Health Promotion
Academic Title
Research Program
Cancer Control
Dr. Wewers investigates tobacco cessation among rural Appalachians who smoke and use smokeless tobacco. This work involved partnerships with community health departments and rural county extension agents. Most recently, she was funded through a R21 mechanism to investigate smokeless tobacco marketing approaches among Ohio Appalachians. This project involves testing a novel methodology that characterizes geographical patterning of pro- and anti-tobacco exposures in an economically disadvantaged region.
Education and Background
Office Locations
349 Cunz Hall
1841 Neil Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210


text:
Museum Tries To Save Corvettes From Sinkhole
Very early Wednesday morning, a sinkhole opened up underneath a display floor in the National Corvette Museum in Bowling Green, Kentucky and swallowed eight Corvettes. Security cameras captured the entire thing on video.
Bill Nye Challenges Bible With Science
Bill Nye argued that the Earth is "billions and billions" of years old during a debate with Creation Museum founder Ken Ham, who teaches that the planet's age is 6,000 years.
Gov. Perry To Headline Kentucky GOP Event
Texas Gov. Rick Perry will visit the home turf of a potential presidential rival to headline a fundraiser that's part of a strong push by Kentucky Republicans to flip control of the state House in their favor in 2014.
No. 4 Kentucky Routs UT Arlington, 105-76
James Young scored 26 points, including five 3-pointers, that helped No. 4 Kentucky put away UT Arlington 105-76 on Tuesday night.
Missing Grandfather / Kids To Be Reunited With Family
A grandfather and his two grandchildren from Carrollton, who had been missing for two days, should be reunited with family members later on Wednesday.
How I'd Bet $100 On The Kentucky Derby
After many months of analysis, it's time for everyone to make their picks for the Kentucky Derby. I have been high on both Goldencents and Revolutionary for a few weeks and find no reason to jump ship now.
Hill To Appeal Dallas Corruption Conviction
It was the biggest corruption case in Dallas history, and former Mayor Pro Tem Don Hill is getting another chance to prove his innocence.
March Madness: My Top 10 CBS Bracket Contemplations
Don't outsmart yourself in the 1st Round. There has never been a 16 upset a No. 1 seed. In fact, in the last 5 years the average margin in those matchups is a whopping 26 points. Take the chalk.
McKinney Neighborhood Evacuated By Natural Gas Line Break
Just north of downtown McKinney, residents and business operators said they smelled the trouble first Wednesday morning.
Coppell Rallies Around Football Team To Honor Jacob Logan
Friday night there is a sea of blue at Wilson Stadium in Flower Mound. Nearly every where you look Jacob Logan's name was on a t-shirt or banner.
7-Eleven Buys 74 Stores Across 4 States
Dallas convenience store giant 7-Eleven has bought 74 operating stores, mostly in West Virginia, and two land parcels from a licensee. Financial details were not disclosed.
Soldier Gets Life Sentence For Fort Hood Plot
An AWOL soldier convicted of planning to blow up a restaurant full of Fort Hood troops has been sentenced to life in prison by a federal judge in Texas.


text:
To make reservations by phone, call 1-800-321-2211 in the USA and Canada (or any of our worldwide reservation telephone numbers).
Special guest privileges: no, guest fee charge of $20.00
Phone: +1-972-243-6151
Rated among the top public golf courses in the Dallas - Ft. Worth Metroplex, Indian Creek Golf Club offers 36 holes of championship golf
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Phone: +1-972-462-8281
Appointment is Required
Phone: +1-972-392-9393
Appointment is Required
Phone: +1-972-388-5500
Appointment is Required
Phone: +1-972-9919293


text:
Article Editor
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We found 3 sites within 42 miles of Aviemore with 3 bookable
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text: Ventura is our hometown, also known as the cowtown by the sea - Ventucky. We love the outdoors and greatly enjoy living in this area with its perfect combination of ocean and country. We also like to get out and explore beyond our home base from time to time, especially when we find cool, unique, off the beaten path places to stay. While at home we love being Airbnb hosts and meeting great people, sharing our home and telling them about the beauty of the area.


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Earn An Online Income And Enjoy The Benefits
learning to earn an online income:some very simple benefitsby terry herrinhave you been thinking about making money on the internet?have you considered the benefits of first taking the time to learn ''how'' to make a liv...
Watch The Winter 2010 Sports Online
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Book your room at Hotel Rialto
Executive Double RoomMax Occupancy: 3 guests (up to 2 children)
Suite, 1 BedroomMax Occupancy: 2 guests (up to 1 child)
Deluxe Single RoomMax Occupancy: 1 guest
5-star luxury hotel in Warsaw near Palace of Culture and Science
Situated in the city center, this luxury hotel is close to Warsaw University of Technology, Palace of Culture and Science, and Lazienki Park. Also nearby are Royal Castle and Old Town Square.
Hotel Features
In addition to a restaurant, Hotel Rialto features a sauna. Other amenities include a bar/lounge and complimentary wireless Internet access.
Room Amenities
Plasma televisions come with cable channels. Guestrooms also feature complimentary wireless Internet access, complimentary high-speed (wired) Internet access, and air conditioning.Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
In addition to a sauna, Hotel Rialto features a steam room and a fitness center. The hotel offers a restaurant. A bar/lounge is on site where guests can unwind with a drink. High-speed wired and wireless Internet access is complimentary.
Business-related amenities at this 5-star property consist of a business center and meeting rooms. Event facilities measure 646 square feet (60 square meters). This Art Deco hotel also offers a library, tour/ticket assistance, and concierge services. For a surcharge, a roundtrip airport shuttle (available 24 hours) is offered to guests. Limited complimentary onsite parking is available on a first-come, first-served basis.
- Fitness facilities
- Restaurant
- Bar/lounge
- Concierge services
- Breakfast available (surcharge)
- Airport transportation (surcharge)
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- 24-hour front desk
- Porter/bellhop
- Express check-out
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Steam room
- Sauna
- Use of nearby fitness center (discount)
- Express check-in
- Elevator/lift
- Number of floors - 6
- Airport transportation
- Free WiFi
- Free wired high-speed Internet
- Turkish bath/Hammam
- Luggage storage
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Library
- Business center
- Total number of rooms - 44
- Meeting rooms
- Parking (limited spaces)
- Free self parking
- Offsite parking reservations required
- Year Built 2003
- Conference space size (feet) - 646
- Conference space size (meters) - 60
- Number of meeting rooms - 2
- Laundry facilities
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi , Free wired high-speed Internet
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi , Free wired high-speed Internet
Free self parking, Parking (limited spaces), Offsite parking reservations required
Room Amenities
- Room service (24 hours)
- Minibar
- Bathrobes
- Hair dryer
- Turndown service
- Air conditioning
- Phone
- Free bottled water
- Private bathroom
- Free toiletries
- Slippers
- Separate bathtub and shower
- Iron/ironing board (on request)
- Climate control
- Free WiFi
- Free wired high-speed Internet
- In-room massage available
- Daily housekeeping
- Designer toiletries
- Bidet
- Desk
- Cribs/infant beds available
- In-room safe (laptop compatible)
- Cable TV service
- Individually furnished
- Plasma TV
Where to Eat
Breakfast is available for a surcharge and served each morning between 6:30 AM and 10:30 AM.
Rialto - This restaurant serves breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Guests can enjoy drinks at the bar.
24-hour room service is available.
Nearby Things to Do
Recreational amenities at the hotel include a sauna, a steam room, and a fitness center.
Hotel Policies
Check-in time starts at 2 PM
Check-out time is noon
Payment types
Pets allowed
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on hotel policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
- Breakfast fee: PLN 80.00 per person (approximately)
- Airport shuttle fee: PLN 95 per vehicle (one way)
- Valet parking fee: PLN 100.00 per day
Awards & Affiliations
- The property is a member of Preferred Hotels & Resorts.


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Here are a couple of the many shots of the WDW Anniversary Event I took tonight.
Here are a couple of the many shots of the WDW Anniversary Event I took tonight.
okay...so after looking at those pictures, I think i may have to force myself to go to the disneyland party...
I know I shouldn't go because of school, but now i really really really really want to
(for those from D23 reading this, I'll be waiting till the last minute to buy tickets because I'd hate to see myself winning the AroundDisney contest and still have purchased tickets...lol - so probably, I'll buy/get tickets on monday) LOL
You can purchase tickets until Monday at midnight.
Ryanvalle, if you have the energy to run to Disneyland (and who doesn't?) after class, you should definitely consider buying yourself a ticket!! Even if you can only attend the last hour, it's still an hour you can never get back in the future. How many 1st anniversary parties will there be?? this is it!
Thanks for the pictures! I really wish we would have known about it a little earlier or we would have changed current plans to head down there also!
Can't wait to read the report!
It's a Zip-A-Dee-Doo-Dah...Tip for Today!
As I'm unfamiliar with Disney in Florida, I would appreciate a bit of help with a couple of these pics. From the top down:
1. ? I have no idea what this one is.
2.? I presume this is a line-up for admission to the event, but where? Here in Anaheim they've announced that we will be assembled in front of Sleeping Beauty's Castle.
3&4. I'm guessing this is the Diamond Horsehoe. What was the presentation?
5. In Anaheim, we're promised dessert. what were you folks being served?
6. This appears to be an outdoor dessert station.
7. A fastpass area? That looks like fan art.
8. The rest appear to showing Peter Pan's Flight and the Carousel empty and awaiting guests.
The painting I presume is a plan for future attractions, or is it what you have there now?
Just curious, and thanks!
First Visit at the age of 12, July 17, 1968.First Ride, The Disneyland and Santa Fe Railroad.BRING BACK THE PEOPLE MOVER!
Pic one is inside Mickey's Philharmagic.
Seven is a fastpass area and the pic was probably done by custodial -they make those with water and a stick? mop? broom, maybe?
Thanks for the pics. Can't wait to hear all about it!!
Good morning, son
In twenty years from now
Maybe we'll both sit down and have a few beers
And I can tell you 'bout today
And how I picked you up and everything changed
It was pain
Sunny days and rain
I knew you'd feel the same things...
1. Inside Mickey's Philharmagic, projection on the screen
2. Line-up in the Adventureland Breezeway that connects Adventureland to Frontierland. This line is headed towards Frontierland, with the Diamond Horseshoe being just on the other side. On the right looks like contsruction walls blocking the restroom entrances.
3. & 4. Diamond Horseshoe for dinner, with presentation by Steven Clark. You'll have to get those details from an eyewitness, for my info came from tweets.
5. Their price included dinner. Again, get details from an attendee.
6. Clearly an outdoor desert station, with what appears to be the Carousel in the background.
7. Custodial having fun in front of the Philharmagic Fastpass Distribution
The rest are obvious. Sounds/looks like they had a great time, however I must admit I am anxisouly awaiting the Disney Legend starpower that we will have on Wednesday!
Ludwig von Baroketch
Kapellmeister, Gracey Estate
Thanks for the answers gang. I'm mighty excited for the Anaheim version this week.
First Visit at the age of 12, July 17, 1968.First Ride, The Disneyland and Santa Fe Railroad.BRING BACK THE PEOPLE MOVER!
Great pictures boys and thank you for sharing. I'm so jealous that you were able to attend the WDW version and plan to be at the DL version this week as well. Spoiled rotten I tell 'ya.
MiceChat 101: Be NICE! If you don't play well with others, you are in the wrong sandbox.
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Thanks for the pictures!
Check out my page at www.myspace.com/wheresmickey
Check out my pin collection at www.pinpics.com. User name is WheresMickey


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Learn more about the five boroughs that make up New York City with our complete guide.
Discover what to do, where to stay and what to see in New York City with our planning tool.
NYC is the place for inquisitive minds looking for new things to see, hear, taste and learn.
Enjoy Shakespeare in the Park, Fourth of July fireworks, the US Open and more.
Download your free copy or order a guide online today.
Wireless Internet is available at locations throughout NYC—including many parks and libraries.
Get tips, maps and everything else you'll need during your stay.
These NYC-centric mobile apps put the City at your fingertips.
NYC Comedy Week – 2-for-1 Tickets to New York Comedy Shows
March 23–29, celebrate the show's final season with a two-course lunch or two cocktails for $19.69.
Stay in New York City and save with these offers.
New York City is made up of five boroughs: the Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens and Staten Island. Each one has enough attractions—and enough personality—to be a city all its own. Learn more about them with this guide.
This local restaurant offers reasonably priced, authentic Venezuelan food at almost any hour of the day. Offerings include patacones (a plantain, pressed flat in a tortilla press), pepitos (Venezuelan sandwiches stuffed with shredded beef, chicken or roast pork) and cheese-and-meat-filled cachapas (baby corn cakes).


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Just One ThingNew Harbinger Publications 2011; US$ 15.95
Combining meditative principles with fascinating neuroscientific research, Just One Thing presents more than fifty simple practices readers can do each day to wire the brain for increased happiness, positive thinking, and wisdom. Written by Rick Hanson, author of Buddha's Brain , this pocket-sized book helps readers reap the benefits of meditation... more...
Advice from the Lotus-BornRangjung Yeshe Publications 2013; US$ 10.99
� Don?t mistake mere words to be the meaning of the teachings. Mingle the practice with your own being and attain liberation from samsara right now.? Padmasambhava Padmasambhava is the primary master of Vajrayana, the teachings for our time. Out of his great compassion and wisdom, he instructed... more...
A Path with HeartRandom House Publishing Group 2009; US$ 18.00
A guide to reconciling Buddhist spirituality with the American way of life addresses the challenges of spiritual living in the modern world and offers guidance for bringing a sense of the sacred to everyday experience. more...
The Tibetan Book of Living and DyingHarperCollins 2009; US$ 16.99
?A magnificent achievement. In its power to touch the heart, to awaken consciousness, [ The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying ] is an inestimable gift.? ? San Francisco Chronicle A newly revised and updated edition of the internationally bestselling spiritual classic, The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying , written by Sogyal Rinpoche, is the ultimate... more...
Buddhism and Buddhists in ChinaThe Floating Press 1923; US$ 6.95
Buddhism is a religion which must be viewed from many angles. Its original form, as preached by Gautama in India and developed in the early years succeeding, and as embodied in the sacred literature of early Buddhism, is not representative of the actual Buddhism of any land today. The faithful student of Buddhist literature would be as far removed... more...
The Buddhist CatechismThe Floating Press 1908; US$ 5.99
A founding member of the Theosophical Society, and perhaps the first well-known European to convert to Buddhism, Henry Steel Olcott made a lasting contribution with his Buddhist Catechism of 1881. Seeing Buddhism with a Westernized scientific eye, the work is given in the same question and answer structure used in the Christian Catechism. David McMahan... more...
Buddha, The WordThe Floating Press 1927; US$ 6.99
Buddha, The Word discusses the teachings of Guatama Buddha. The Four Noble Truths teach that suffering is inherent in life, but that through acknowledging the origins of suffering and following the Eightfold Path, suffering can be ceased. The Eightfold path teaches how understanding, thought, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness and concentration... more...
The Path of LightThe Floating Press 1909; US$ 6.99
The Path of Light is Barnett's 1909 translation of an important text to Mahayana Buddhism. It is the treatise of the Bodhicharyavatara of Santideva--part of the Wisdom of the East series. Barnett gives a detailed introduction to Mahayana Buddhism and its significance. more...
863 Buddhist Ways to Conquer Life's Little ChallengesUlysses Press 2009; US$ 14.95
BUDDHA?S ANSWERS TO LIFE?S DAILY DILEMMAS Is it possible to find peace of mind in rush hour traffic? How can you relax with the constant ringing of your cell phone? When is there time for mindfulness during a chaotic workday? 863 Buddhist Ways to Conquer Life?s Little Challenges shows how to overcome the hitches, hiccups and hardships of modern... more...
Der BuddhismusC.H. Beck 2015; US$ 8.29
Der Buddhismus ist seit mehr als zweitausend Jahren eine der gro�en geistigen Bewegungen in den Kulturen Asiens und �bt heute weltweit eine ungebrochene Faszination aus. Das Buch stellt den Buddhismus in seiner historischen Entwicklung und vielf�ltigen Auff�cherung dar und endet mit der Aufnahme des Buddhismus in der westlichen Welt. Biographische... more...


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The End of America? Habeas Corpus for Men?
As you may recall, in February, the ACLU was there on the red carpet at the Academy Awards. This past weekend, there we were again in the Hamptons. Friday, October 17th, the ACLU, Rights / Camera / Action, and IndiePix co-hosted the premiere of "The End of America," a new documentary from award-winning filmmakers Ricki Stern and Annie Sundberg at the Hamptons International Film Festival.
"The End of America" follows Naomi Wolf, author of the bestselling book by the same title, as she discusses America's dangerous slide towards a society of fear and surveillance, and chronicles her work to raise awareness about the threats to democracy in the U.S. when the rule of law is not upheld. The film traces the ten steps that have historically led to the closing of open societies in other nations, including secret prisons where torture takes place, surveillance of ordinary citizens, and arbitrary detention and release of citizens.
While it only took us about 2 ½ hours to drive out, the film got caught in some serious traffic on the LIE. To kill time while the audience of 300 waited patiently for the movie to arrive, we threw together an impromptu conversation on stage with Naomi, Alec Baldwin, and our very own Jameel Jaffer. While most of the talk was about what we can all do to restore our America and hold our government accountable, there were a few lighthearted moments as well.
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You'll be grateful to know Alec's agent didn't call and, while there was no cologne in the gift bag, it's not a bad idea with the holidays coming up... We, along with new signatories to the I'm a Constitution Voter pledge including Alec Baldwin, Naomi Wolf, Ricki Stern, Annie Sundberg, actress and comedienne Rachel Dratch, and filmmaker Doug Liman, continued to celebrate the film and the power each of us has – ACLU members and Hamptons film audiences alike - to remind our candidates, our elected officials, the media, and each other that the Constitution cannot be ignored, throughout the weekend.
You can watch "The End of America" for free, in its entirety, with a special introduction by ACLU Executive Director Anthony Romero, starting today 10/21 on SnagFilms. Rights / Camera / Action is thrilled to invite you to this online premiere (be sure to invite your friends) and will continue to host virtual screenings on Snag so you can catch all of the civil liberties documentaries not playing at a theater near you. SnagFilms.com is a website where you can watch full-length documentary films for free, "snag" them, and put them anywhere on the web. With a rapidly growing library, you'll find films that resonate with your and ACLU shared interests. "The End of America" player on Snag will also direct viewers to the ACLU's Constitution Voter pledge. You can find the link on the Snag site and, of course, directly at www.aclu.org/constitutionvoter. Check back for future RCA screenings on Snag at www.aclu.org/rca soon.


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Parked in Datangshan this classic IL-18 has been stored for some time seen here with an old bed-like thing. [1400px]
Air China 111 Enroute between Beijing and Hong Kong with a tight 2-5-2 configuration. [1400px]
A wonderfully kept An-24 by Air Koryo just after arrival from Pyongyang into Samjiyon. [1600px]
Nice light considering the thick layer of haze hovering over Beijing as an Air China A330-300 approaches RWY01 in the early evening. [1400px]
A stunningly well kept IL-76 parked in Pyongyang with what I would guess to be a type-specific tow bar attached. What an amazing machine! [1600px]
Queen of the North Korean skies with the new tail wavy flag design applied which adds just that little bit of character. [1600px]
Cathay 111 on decent into Sydney at sunrise after a long journey from Beijing via Hong Kong. [1400px]


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Why You Don't Need to Be Afraid of Ebola
The Ebola outbreak in West Africa is a major international health crisis, but here at home in the U.S. you don't really have much to worry about. Here's why.
The Ebola outbreak in West Africa is a major international health crisis, but here at home in the U.S. you don't really have much to worry about. Here's why.
Don't deny it -- you know you've relieved yourself in the ocean. And while you may never admit it, you should take heart in knowing it's totally fine.
Our long national nightmare is almost over, and we are down to just a few more days until college football returns on August 28. Here are some of the burning issues we can't wait to see play out in the coming weeks.
Defending champion Florida State picks up right where it left off last season, atop the college football rankings.
A new study has confirmed that being deficient in vitamin D can increase your risk of dementia and Alzheimer's as you age.
Six days after unarmed 18-year-old Michael Brown was shot and killed by police in Ferguson, Missouri, authorities have released the name of the officer who shot him. He is Darren Wilson, a six-year veteran with no disciplinary record.
A recent study showed a link between heavy drinking in mid-life with severe memory loss later in life.
Video games, when played in small amounts, may turn out to help children become more well-adjusted, according to a new study.
To put it in baseball terms, it doesn't appear the El Paso Chihuahuas have hit a home run with their latest uniform.
Vanderbilt made history by claiming the school's first-ever NCAA championship in a men's sport when it defeated Virginia on Wednesday to claim the College World Series. But it's what happened afterward that has people talking.
The Who will be hitting the studio this summer to record their first new material since 2006.
This weekend, we get two new movies that aren't your traditional summer fare—the first an adaptation of a beloved musical, the other a sequel to a somewhat surprising hit from not long ago.


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Governor Branstad designates March 23-27 as Severe Weather Awareness Week
March 19, 2015 - Governor Terry E. Branstad has proclaimed March 23-27,2015, as Severe Weather Awareness Week in Iowa.
The Iowa Department of Homeland Security and Emergency Management (HSEMD) and the National Weather Service (NWS) have again joined together to promote severe weather awareness and family preparedness.
For each day during Severe Weather Awareness Week, a different subject will be featured:
- Monday – Flash floods
- Tuesday – Weather warnings
- Wednesday – Tornadoes
- Thursday – Severe thunderstorms
- Friday – Family preparedness
The annual tornado drill will take place on Wednesday, March 25, at approximately 10 a.m. Schools, businesses, state and local governments, and individuals are strongly encouraged to participate in the drill. Additional information about the tornado drill can be found on local NWS websites.
"Severe Weather Awareness Week is the perfect time to practice our emergency plans and review the items in our emergency supply kits," said Stefanie Bond, public information officer for HSEMD. "Make sure your medications, batteries, food, and water are all up to date. And, every member of your family should know what to do if severe weather strikes – no matter where you are when it does."
Brochures and fact sheets about severe weather safety and family preparedness are available for download on the Ready Iowa site and NWS websites. Additional information can be found on NWS and HSEMD social media accounts, including Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube, throughout the week using hashtag #IASWAW. Logos, graphics, and a copy of the governor's proclamation can also be found on the Ready Iowa website.
Link to HSEMD's Facebook, Twitter and YouTube pages.
The State of Iowa's Phase 1 application to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) for the National Disaster Resilience Competition is posted on our website, and comments were accepted through March 21.
Click here to learn more about the application and to read the comments/responses.


text:
Water board selects $18 million upgrade for Poughkeepsies' plant
6:12 PM, Apr. 23, 2013
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Water board selects $18 million upgrade for Poughkeepsies' plant
The Poughkeepsies' Joint Water Board today voted unanimously to move forward with an upgrade, now estimated to cost $18 million, that will reduce levels of a chemical group found at high levels in at
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Other Great Resources for Lynchburg Cross Dressers!
Crossdressers Forum
- Biggest cross dressers forum located on the net.
- Over 800 new posts every day with tons of new members.
- Ask any question related to crossdressing.
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I was on exforge for high BP when I started having breathing problems. (choking and stranguling, the doc changed me to cardizeum CD. I am so tired though that I am wondering will it get better after it is in my system better?/?
Should I be sooooo tired while taking cardizeum?
- Posted:
- 31 Jul 2009 by wildcatglo
- Topics:
- cardizem, high blood pressure
|Question is Closed
|Report Mark as Favorite
Answers (1)
thank you so much !! But were you tired till it got in your sys. ? I have been on it for 7 days now ! Dose is 240 MG. Again, thank you for your quick response !!
Further Information
- Cardizem Information for Consumers
- Cardizem Information for Healthcare Professionals (includes dosage details)
- Side Effects of Cardizem (detailed)
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Adobe Flash player problem - won't work
I've repeatedly downloaded Adobe flash player and a message displays that it was successfully downloaded and installed.
Problem is - that when I try to use it in an application it doesn't work and a message comes up saying that I need to download it to make the application work.
So it's in my computer (Windows 7) but won't work- any idea's on why or what I can do ?
Thanks for any help - Zeke
First guess:
Are you installing the correct version; I.E. vs. Non-I.E.?
If you are doing a "run-install" you absolutely have to be downloading the proper version. If you are doing a "save-install" you can use any browser to download-save-install either version, but it will only effect the target browser..
In my case I have FF, Opera, Google, SlimBrowser and I.E.9 installed on the system so I have both versions of Flash installed.
Use the tool below to uninstall whatever you currently have installed. Then be triple sure you install the correct one.
Here is a link that might be useful: Flash Uninstaller


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Surgery For Hypogonadism
Here's a taste of what TheBody.com has to offer on this topic:
Get the Facts
Lipodystrophy, Body Changes and HIV/AIDS...and your health careprovider may decide that changing medications is not right for you. Be sure totalk with your health care provider before stopping or switching anymedications. Injections, implants, and plastic surgery: Some people haveprocedures done to restore fullness in the face. Injections of fat or syntheticfat substitutes can fill out sunken cheeks, as can cosmetic cheek implants.However, many of these treatments are...
Ask the Experts
re: twig and berries not ripe for the picking!Dr. Bob,Thanks so much for responding to my question regarding hypogonadism and HIV. i have had a potential exposure since my "negative" home access test; however, my female partner tested negative at the beginning of our relationship. it actually...
Response from Robert J. Frascino, M.D.
The Robert James Frascino AIDS Foundation...Little Guy,Stop trying to self-diagnose! Your Internet research is not a substitute for a medical degree! Your statement that "hypogonadism in a 31-year-old can only mean HIV" is a prime example of just how woefully inadequate and misleading this... Read more »
Help! Twig and berries not ripe for the picking!Greeting Dr. Robert-I have made a donation to the Foundation; thanks so much for the work you do assisting people and your efforts towards raising awareness. You are an angel!I am a 31 yr old hetero male. A few years ago I started noticing that it...
Response from Robert J. Frascino, M.D.
The Robert James Frascino AIDS Foundation...HIV risks in your post. If you've had no risks since your last negative Home Access test, HIV is not your problem!Certainly hypogonadism is one cause of erectile dysfunction. However there are a number of other causes as well. Similarly HIV... Read more »
Hypogonadism TreatmentDear Doctor:My testosterone just came back at 31. My doctor says this is extremely low and he wants to start testosterone injections right away. I have had trouble maintaining my body weight for about two years now,and I am currently ten pounds...
Response from Graeme Moyle, M.D.
Chelsea and Westminster HospitalThe oxandrin is the cause of the low testosterone...testosterone leevls are suppressed by anabolic steroids. Additionally, anabolic agants are relatively contraindicated (i.e. not recommended)in the persons with heart disease. The firts thing is to... Read more »
hypogonadismI've been on combination therapy since the acute phase of my infection. My viral load was quickly reduced to undetectable and my cd4 count is normal. Assuming this remains the case am I at risk for hypogonadism? Should anabolic steroids be...
Response from Keith Henry, M.D.
University of Minnesota, School of Medicine...Although the incidence of hypogonadism appears to be higher in HIV infected men it is not unclear to me what factors directly relate to that problem. There has been Read more »
The Prevalence of Hypogonadism in HIV-Infected Patients Receiving HAART... The prevalence of hypogonadism in HIV-infected patients receiving HAART (Poster Presentation TuPeB3180) Authored by M. Desyatnik, A. Baaj, A. Fisher (United Read more »
Treatment of Hypogonadism in Men with HIV Infection... Introduction: A number of endocrine abnormalities have been reported in people infected with HIV. Among these, hypogonadism is well described, particularly as men progress to AIDS and in those who are wasting. Testosterone has both anabolic... Read more »
HIV/AIDS and Lipodystrophy Treatments Part II: Treatments for Fat Loss...for HIV-related lipoatrophy. It containspoly-L-lactic acid, a man-made product that has a long history of use inreconstructive surgery. It requires three to six sessions and a touch-up everyyear. It costs approximately $1,500 per office visit.... Read more »
U.S. Antiretroviral Therapy Guidelines...reasons: side effects are intolerable, there's a drug interaction, if they run out of any of their medications or if they have surgery scheduled. Treatment interruptions are not recommended in response to treatment failure. ART should only be... Read more »
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rush surgery
Posted by alive2...i had a feeling my ankle was really badly hurt, i just received a message from surgeon 1 day after i seen him, that i needed surgery to repair damage on my ankle, the swelling isnt getting better its getting worse, the knee keeps getting bigger,... Read more »
surgery for anal warts
Posted by bakcake, 3 Replies...I am facing anal wart surgery in a week. i would like to know what happens step by step during the surgery Read more »
Posted by HealingPower, 1 Reply...Okay, so I had my surgery last Wednesday(thank the Lord for Anesthesia) May 31. I took Thurs/Fri off, and glad I did they gave me Hydrocodone/Apap and Read more »
Posted by Anonymous, 1 Reply...when you have surgery do they test for hiv in your blood work Read more »
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