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Greece has a newly-elected government which campaigned on the promise that, if elected, it would renegotiate the bailout terms that previously were imposed upon the Greek economy by a previous government and its financial bailout partners. The reason for the desire to renegotiate terms is that Greece has been in recession with high unemployment and declining output for some time and the terms of the bailout require higher taxes and reduced spending, among other things, as a requirement for loans to keep the government from defaulting on its debt. This drama seems to me to offer a number of lessons for the U.S. and other countries running persistent government deficits.
The Fallacy of Composition
Economists know that what is true for an individual in an economy is not necessarily true in the aggregate economy. This fact is known as the Fallacy of Composition. So if Greek politicians promise transfer payments to some Greek citizens, this does not imply that those politicians can promise such payments to all citizens. Once you add up all the promises, one needs to ask how this will be financed and in many countries, such as the U.S., the answer is borrowing to keep these promises. Each individual wants what he or she has been promised but, if a government is unable to borrow, then what is true at the individual level cannot be true in the aggregate. Greece cannot keep all of the promises that it has made because it will not be able to continuously borrow to do so.
Greece and the EU
Greece is a member of the EU and so it cannot print money to cover its deficits if it is unable to borrow. The reason is that Greece does not control the EU Central Bank. If it did control its own money stock, it would undoubtedly be in the throes of a hyperinflation because it would be printing money to finance its deficits. Since it cannot print money, it sought loans to keep the party going but reduced spending and higher taxes were the price it paid for its bailout. The recession resulting from these terms are what has prompted the desire to renege on its previous agreement.
Ultimately, structural reforms are needed to promote economic growth, much like those discussed previously in this blog in connection with Italy which has problems similar to Greece (see Why Italy Declines). These reforms are so-called supply-side policies that remove regulatory and other impediments that reduce economic growth. These reforms appear not to be part of the bailout requirements but these reforms are the only way that the Greeks can achieve real economic progress.
Government as a Unicorn
I recently saw an amusing and informative article by Michael Munger, an economist at Duke University (the article is here). The article concerns how one can explain the behavior of people who advocate more government while, at the same time, expressing disgust with many government policies, politicians, and so on.
Professor Munger has observed academic economists regularly express their disapproval of government actions and then, once they observe what they perceive to be poor policies, advocate more government to fix the perceived problems. This is logically inconsistent in the extreme and he puzzled over this (as I and other colleagues have done over the years) and finally realized that those who advocate more government, after expressing disapproval of government, expect a government that does not exist to solve problems they see. Thus Professor Munger sees his colleagues as wishing for a unicorn to exist. They want government to be what they imagine that it should be, not the one that we have.
For some recent evidence supporting this detachment from reality, consider a liberal economist who recently wrote that we should want the government to narrow the income distribution because this will improve the "supply-side" of the economy. How you ask? Well doing so, which I presume will follow an increase in tax rates paid by the rich however defined, will lead to some programs, programs unspecified by the liberal economist engaging in this advocacy, that will improve the quality of the workforce, thus raising productivity in the economy. So the same government that brought us healthcare.gov, the site so successful that people could not use it, will then turn around and successfully design programs to raise the human capital of the impoverished. To me, this "supply-side" story reveals a staggering ignorance of the reality of government.
I have been an academic economist for many years and I can say, based upon my own observations over the years, that Michael Munger has it right. Many academics are oblivious to the real world that surrounds them.
Open Borders
I have regularly seen statements in the press suggesting that many writers in the media think that we should have open borders, an immigration policy that literally allows anyone to enter the U.S. Indeed there are people who correctly point out that the U.S. had open borders in the past and they use this fact to argue that this evidence implies that we should do this now. The fact that we did this in the past is irrelevant for the following reasons.
In the nineteenth century, my ancestors came to the U.S. knowing that they would need to fend for themselves once they got here. There was no welfare that they would get and the state was not going to provide health care without requiring payment. Many immigrants did not attend public schools or did so for only a short time. In short, coming to the U.S. meant that the individual was on his or her own to survive once in the U.S. Compare that to the situation now.
Illegal aliens can now get health care, school access, food stamps, and other benefits once they are in the U.S. How does the existence of these subsidies affect the characteristics of the the potential immigrants to the U.S.? Clearly we will attract some people willing to get on the public dole once they are in the U.S. Those people will ultimately draw public resources, raising government deficits or requiring increases in marginal tax rates. The latter reduce Potential GDP. So the existence of the welfare state makes past immigration policies irrelevant to what would happen now if the U.S. had open borders. More generally, why do we want people to come here who only have an interest in getting on the government dole?
Once again, policy design requires thinking about economic incentives. Open borders is a bad idea because of the incentives that it creates.
Gasp!!!: An Example of Good Economic Policy by the House
I know – you are wondering if there is a misprint in the title. While I have been a frequent critic of economic policy by the government, I am here to write about an example of good behavior by the House of Representatives. Specifically, a bill has been introduced (read BILLS-113-hr5018-10-pages) which would require a policy rule to be used by the Fed as it conducts monetary policy.
Economists have devoted a great deal of research to the study of rules-based policymaking by the monetary authorities. Here is an example of a rule that might be used.
i = π + .5·(Y – YP)/YP + .5·(π – 2) + 2
In the above equation, i is the interest rate controlled by the Fed (such as the Federal Funds rate), π is the inflation rate, and YP is the level of real output at full employment. There are a number of advantages to using this rule. Read more…
The Affordable Care Act As Lawyer Relief Act
This week brings us media reports of two conflicting decisions by federal appellate courts regarding the Affordable Care Act. The issue in each decision is whether subsidies may be provided in states that do not run their own insurance exchange where policies may be purchased. One court decided that the law was unclear and that the IRS was therefore justified in making the decision to permit subsidies in all states. Another court decided that the law was clear and that subsidies could not be given to people in states that do not run their own insurance exchange. What accounts for this conflict? Several possibilities come to mind.
One possibility is that the Congress was unable to write a document that makes clear its intentions. This is always a possibility of policy by committee. Whenever a large number of individuals get involved in a policy process, there is always the possibility that what comes out, intended to accommodate everybody on the committee, is so confusing that the end product is a logical mess.
A second possibility is that the people drafting the legislation are simply incompetent and did not notice the inconsistencies built into the law. Related to this is the fact that the law ran thousands of pages and was not read by many who voted for it. It is hard to be sympathetic with any politician voting for a law when he or she has no clue as to the law's contents.
Finally, there is always the possibility that judges just "make it up" to satisfy their prior policy preferences.
My own belief is that the conflicting legal decisions speaks to the complete breakdown of the federal government's ability to function. No sane person can read a document that is two thousand pages long while having any real idea about what is in the law. In addition, why even construct laws that are this long and detailed? Surely the size of the law by itself reveals profound incompetence since it is incomprehensible to the politicians asked to consider it. Or perhaps the law is so large precisely to prevent many politicians from knowing what is in it to allow the few who do know to have an unduly large effect on the law's contents.
Whatever the explanation, it is hard to put a good face on the Affordable Care Act. Whatever the economic merits of the law (and I have written frequently about how bad it is as economic policy), this is a prime example of incompetent policymaking, no matter how you slice it. The spate of lawsuits generated by this law, while a great boost to the incomes of lawyers, partly reflects policy differences between political parties but it also reveals that the law is dreadfully constructed.
Economists and Their Models
Economics research heavily involves the use of mathematics. The late Paul A. Samuelson, the first Nobel laureate in economics, is widely credited (or sometimes criticized) for starting the trend towards the use of math. It is now the case that all quality graduate economics programs stress mathematical models in almost every course that is offered. Economists are very good at developing mathematical models for business cycles and many other subject areas. For example, my text in macro describes four models of business cycles and each of those models builds in somewhat different assumptions about how the various sectors of the economy operate.
But one unfortunate side effect of the talent for model-building is that it is possible to find a model that will provide almost any answer that one may want on a topic. A well-known economist was once quoted as saying that he had desk drawers full of economic models and, if he were given any result that a person thought to be true, he could find a model in one of his desk drawers that would produce the desired result. As a result, it is far too often the case that, on a given subject, one economist will appeal to some model of his/her choosing to justify a position. Another economist may use a different model, justifying another position that he or she prefers. As a result, it is possible to find all sorts of policy recommendations that differ across economists. To a lay person, this may seem bewildering but this multiplicity of opinions actually reveals the importance of empirical work.
One of the primary purposes of applied testing of economic theories is to allow economists to choose among alternative economic theories. Without the ability to discriminate, economics becomes much like a religion where anything goes. Just pick your preferred model, and one may believe almost anything. One of the unfortunate aspects of macroeconomics is that there is no widely agreed upon model of the business cycle and aggregate economies. It is difficult to test models of the business cycle and so statements about policy in a business cycle setting are frequently without substance. They are "religious" exercises based upon the preferred model of the economist pontificating on a topic.
My advice to the lay person is this. Pay almost no attention to business cycle statements since, most of the time, they are without serious empirical support.
Political Polarization
A recent study by the Pew Research Center (the study may be found here) provides some interesting data on the public's political views. The data reveals that there is increasing polarization among U.S. voters as compared to earlier polling that they have done. This is interesting because it reveals the causal link between the polarization in Congress and that of the public.
In an earlier blog post, I pointed out that elections are what economists call an agency problem. In that setting, the voters are the principals who elect agents, the politicians, to represent their interests. So it follows that if government is polarized, so too are the voters who elected them. The Pew study essentially provides the empirical support for this scenario.
Tooting my own horn, I told ya' so!

subset: commoncrawl


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LTTE's former spokesman and Translator, Daya Master and George Master who surrendered recently say that the LTTE shot about 200 civilians in one incident when they tried to escape, and claimed the Government shelling was responsible.
For a more detailed interview see
They also explain that hostages escape with very great difficulty.
Those Hostages must be rescued soon. It is the Government's duty and responsibility.
The Sri Lankan government is telling lies on top of lies. The first lie is that there are only 10 to 15 thousand civilians in the conflict zone (they brazenly tell this lie even AFTER their earlier lie on figures was proved). The second lie is that it has 'reduced the offensive' and the third lie is that it has ordered that no heavy weapons be used while aerial bombing and artillery fire are continuing daily. The international community and its agencies either seem to be oblivious to all these happenings or are trying to hide these facts. So isn't there a global complicity in this genocide? In fact there is even some reluctance amongst some to call this a genocide when fewer mass murders were treated as such. Why these double standards?
[Pleae in the name of humanity save this race from extinction. After all you are a nation of animal lovers. Surely we deserve better treatment.]
Can't you see that the great 'Tamil' liberator, the leader of the Tamil terrorists has 'saved' several thousands of this unique 'Tamil race' by taking them as hostages?
He indeed seems to be an animal lover for food... because he treats the civilians he 'liberated' as a herd of cattle and would not hesitate to sacrifice them anytime for his survival. Fair enough, right?
So why don't you hurry up and be liberated by your saviour, joining those civilians?
Or are you just a couch potato having outsourced the 'liberation' struggle to the International Community?
Very smart, eh? How about another pizza slice and a long mumbo-jumbo comment?
In these days of confused numbers, is there anybody outside Sri Lanka who is keeping accounts of the people? The Sri Lankan government which for quite sometime saying there were only 50000 people in the war zone, now says nearly 200, 000 people have escaped the war zone! An MP in the war zone, Mr Kanagaratnam has categorically stated quoting official statistics that there were 470,000 people in Wanni before the war was broight to Wanni by the government. The LTTE says that there are 150,000 people still in the war zone. If government figures in the concentration camps and LTTE figures in the war zone are believed, what has happened to the remaining 120,000 people? Has the GENOCIDE already consumed them? Will anybody in the IC hold the government responsible for the 200,000 claimed by the government to have come out of the war zone? Will the IC demand and send a peace keeping fotce to account for the 200,000 people in the concentration camps and the 150,000 people in the war zone? Will the IC provide basic and immediate relief to the 350,000 people AND INQUIRE FROM THEM how the 120,000 people CAME TO BE MISSING? Of course the IC is at liberty to catch the MP, Mr Kanagaratnam the basis for his figure of 470,000 people. If the IC can do this before Mr Kanagaratnam himself becomes a VICTIM of the aerial bombimg and artillery shells from both Land and Sea carried out SINCE the 27th of April 2009 (when Mr Karunanithy performed his unique fasting between breakfast and Lunch and when his friend Mahinda made the declaration not to use heavy equipment purely to help to end the fasting), then it will be easy. Otherwise they have to carry out the greatest research on Earth with dead bodies. Is there enough sence of justice to undertake this mission IMMEDIATELY so that the GENOCIDE could be stopped? If there is no sense of justice forthcoming, then the oppressed people will have to defend themselves. AND THEY WILL FOR THAT IS THE SURVIVAL SPIRIT.
Tamils are in danger of being extinct. The international community must act pronto. While I appreciate the stance that The Economist is taking we simply cannot afford to dither whether the UN should intervene aka Sierra Leone or Cyprus. It's crystal clear we have a Sinhala majority govt. which would not listen to reason.
How about a green line aka Cyprus where the two warring factions could stop the carnage enfolding. No peace talks, ceasefire or cessation of hostilities seem to be working.
Tamils do not deserve this annihilation.
Pleae in the name of humanity save this race from extinction. After all you are a nation of animal lovers. Surely we deserve better treatment. Peaaarl Thevanayagam
"Most of the displaced are crammed into 32 internment camps in Vavuniya, with some sent to Jaffna and Trincomalee" - that is about 6500 people per camps to which Sri Lanka denies access from UN too. What it has to hide? What if most youth go "disappeared"?
"Children are among the worst hit by the fighting"- where are those who always raised their voice for Tamil children and duly saved them being "Child soldiers"? Or is just for politics?
"Foreign aid is coming, but not without strictures" - the west cannot lecture to Sri Lanka, fine. Then should not Sri Lanka then stop asking for money?? Or should they sell the remaining arms and feed themselves??
IMF loan, 1.9B USD should be stopped until there are guarantees there that this money will not used for war efforts and will not be stolen by corrupt leaders.
"Some of the fiercest criticism is coming from India" - Sri Lanka gets some the best aid from India and India has bloodied its hands with war crimes once again!! I am sure Ghandhi would have been ashamed.
But, Tamils hope Ms.Jeyalalitha would send Indian troops to liberate Tamils from Sri Lanka as India did in Bangladesh from Pakistan.
Finally, war may be won and not peace. For that, the world must put more meaningful pressure on Sri Lanka to devolve power to Tamils. Until then, we will be counting more and more deaths. Sad indeed!
About the comment "Some of the fiercest criticism is coming from India", the truth is that THE WAR IS BEING CONDUCTED BY THE INDIAN GOVERNMENT with China openly supporting and supplying weapons to SriLanka.
It will not be long before the real truth comes out. I just hope that it is not too late for the Tamil people.
The situation in Sri Lanka is hard for those with little background to comprehend, consistent with such conflicts anywhere. As such we often try to make sense of conflict (and other social phenomena, good and bad) via taxonomy as first step, prior to making further comments. Ali Mazrui, a well known intellectual of African origin, and one of the foremost in exposing power relations (and the abuse of power) views the recent situation in Gaza (just before President Obama's inauguration) as "ethnic caging" by the Israeli government. He means by this that those civilians trapped within are unable to leave a dire situation as all means out are effectively blocked by the Israeli military.
My contention is that a similar situation exists in Sri Lanka now with civilians effectively caged, except that the caging is done by the LTTE under the direct orders of its leader Vellupillai Prabakaran. The two situations differ in that the caging in the Gaza Strip was/is carried out by a state, while the caging Sri Lanka is carried on by a non-state actor, the LTTE.
In my estimation acts of caging of tens of thousands of people is in the order of major war crimes, regardless of whether is a state or a non-state actor that is responsible. The terrible sounds of war should never have removed the focus on the caging in the Gaza Strip, and now it must not remove the focus on the caging in the little strip of land in Eastern Sri Lanka where the LTTE is holding tens of thousands of civilians hostage.
J A Jayman, Ph. D. (LSE)
Assistant Professor (Research)
Institute of Global Cultural Studies
Binghampton University, New York
The Sri Lankan govt. has lost all its credibility in the eyes of the International Community by consistently low balling the real number of civilians in the incorrectly named "no fire zone". By understating the number of civilians, the govt. allowed in only a small amount of food an medicine thus depriving the civilians the basic necessities of life. This is a war crime according to the UN's definition.
The misery of civilians could have been diminished if the Sri Lankan government allowed in adequate food and medicine. Sri Lankan govt. got carried away with its own euphoria over recapturing 99.99% of the land previously held by the LTTE. The current military operations, however the govt. terms it, is a dispropionate military response to deal with a few hundered LTTE fighters and to capture 0.01% of the land.
Let's see how the Sri Lankan govt. and the Sinhalese people in the south handle this military victory. Their action will determine whether there will be peace and reconciliation or continuation of ethnic strife in the future.
There could be a new govt. in place after the next presidential and parlimentary elections. When the war grinds to a close, the Sinhalese in the south will have to come down to earth and face the depressed economic conditions and once they realize that they can not live on war victories, they will kick the Rajapaksa brothers out and elect another government that is capable of dealing with the current recession.
Hopefully this new goverment will usher in a new hope for all Sri Lankans and will bring in a political solution once in for all.
Thank you for your well balanced article.
Sri-Lankan forces wrote a new page when they engaged in the biggest ever hostage rescue mission in the military history, ending forcible detention of tens of thousands civilians by the LTTE, which was one of the dreams of the Security Forces in their two and half year long march to liberate Vanni.
With the gates to the No Fire Zone opened by the troops, an avalanche of civilians started to flood into the Security Forces' without shedding a single drop of blood of the civilians which was totally an unexpected situation for the international community who were fearing a blood bath in the No Fire Zone.
The number of refugees may be unexpected, and the requirements may be enormous; but even without any help from the international critics, Sri-Lankans will make it.
I can give that assurance because I personally know that Sri-Lankans are a nation who would share their last loaf of bread with you at a difficult time.
Even at this moment, despite their own financial problems, knowing that there is quite a number of ex-LTTE cadres who surrendered, thousands of Sri-Lankans are collecting contributions for the Tamil refugees in North.
Sometimes it's a group of Trishaw drivers, school children, or Buddhist priests who get together and collect their own donations.
And I do agree with you Rasalin when you asked, "what have the expatriate (pro-LTTE) Tamils done for their poor brothers?"
This is all false propaganda by Rajbaksa regime and its sympathisers, LTTE doesn't have to hold or trap Tamils as human shield, LTTE are Tamils and Tamils are LTTE.
When minorities are oppressed, the way of showing the agitation against these brutal regimes like Rajbaksa,Saddam,Idiamin and Mugabe have to be tough. Think about using band weapons of mass destruction, starvation, torture, forced disappearances, kidnapping and extra judicial killings against their own people, then what kind of response would you expect from the helpless Tamil people.
Now these innocent Tamil people are being forced out of their habitats and their lively hood and kept in these concentration camps, and waiting for the international handouts, which will be then diverted to sinhala masses in the name of Tamil resettlement and rehabilitation.
I know sinhalese are happy now ,they managed to fool the world by deceiving with false propaganda and defiance to cooperate to accommodate any neutral body to oversee all these atrocity.
Please wake up and stop this genocide happening right in front of you.
The Sri Lankan Army is continuously killing innocent civilians in Vanni region. The SL government hass stopped sending medicines and food to Vanni region for more than 3 months and the displaced Tamil people are starved to death everyday. So the International community must act NOW before it's too late.
Sinhala people have a scant regard for Indian Tamils and their Tamil Nadu (or may I say, Eelam Nadu) for their nausiating ranting ever since the Eelamists began to commit their genocide of Sinhala people. With 70 million Tamils it is shocking that they want to see an Eelam in Sri Lanka when it is quite feasible in Eelam Nadu.
My fellow Tamil expatriates cannot bear to see their 'Sun God' terror-leader on the verge of being eliminated. This is a psychopath who killed thousands of fellow Tamils onhis way to be the 'sole leader' of the Tamils. Hence blatant lies, please, weeping, and now, rage and revenge from our Tamil expatriate friends.
These expatriate Tamils sent $300 million/year to the 'Sun God'... What has he got to show fo rall the money? Hundreds of acres of well-maintained cemetries of poor conscripted Tamil cild soldiers, and meagre weapons.
Now, where is the rest of the money? It is said that the 'Sun God' has stashed away a quarter-of-a-billion dollars in several Swiss accounts for himself (and has 'donated' quite a bit of that money to Swiss politicians to ensure his flight to safety in exile where he can enjoy the money these Tamil expatriates gave him!
Oh my 'Sun GOD"!!!
The Tamil expatriates clamored 'genocide' of their fellow brothers being held hostage by the terrorists. The terrorists shot them when they tried to escape, but escape they did: 120,000 of them.
The Sinhalese in South Sri Lankahave gathered in thoushands to collect donations of aid: baby milk powder, new clothes, food etc..and the Sinhala expatriates in the US, Canada and Australia have set up at least twenty donation-collection centers to help the innocent Tamils who escaped, and now needing help.
But, what have the expatriate Tamils, who calmored 'genocide' done for their poor brothers? NOTHING! Why? .. because now they are TRAITORS of the cause.....
This alone will show that the Tamil expatriates are nothing but terror-supporters, who have been brainwashed effectively by the talk of their psychopathic leader, Prabhakaran..
Western countries: watch out!
I must congratulate the editor for his/her effort to present a balanced view of the current crisis in Sri Lanka. Western media is full of editorials and news articles painting a stereotypical picture of a ruthless and untrustworthy government brutally violating the human rights of a minority. The Sri Lankan Government has its faults, no one can deny them, but the media fail to focus on the real cause of this civilian disaster: the Tamil Tigers' cold-blooded strategy of using civilians as hostages to escape certain defeat.
The Tamil Tiger leaderships' only chance of escape and living to fight another day is through this strategy. They are forcibly keeping the civilians in the war zone not only because this gives them a source of fighters to replenish their dwindling forces through forced conscription, but also because it provides them a human shield. As shown in videos taken by military reconnaissance aircraft, the Tigers have put their heavy weapons within the civilians. These self proclaimed saviors of the Tamil nation are using their own people as sacrificial lambs to gain world-wide sympathy by creating a human disaster. Their strategy is working. The United Nations and western governments are pressuring the Sri Lankan authorities to stop fighting. Some are even naive enough to suggest that the government negotiate with the Tigers.
It is a well documented fact that the Tigers have never negotiated in good faith, have used ceasefires to regroup and rearm, and have always emerged as a more powerful and ruthless entity. A ceasefire is not going to provide an opportunity for the civilians to escape. In fact, during the two ceasefires the government declared recently, only a trickle of civilians escaped compared to thousands who did so during periods of full frontal attacks by the government troops. A ceasefire will only give the chance for the Tiger leadership to strengthen their position. They, as one of their spokespersons said yesterday, "will never lay down arms or surrender." Do the western governments think that once a ceasefire is in place the Tigers will let the civilians go? Are they that naive? The Tigers will use such a break to tighten their control over the 50,000 or so civilians still under their leash, bringing the whole conflict into a stalemate. They will buy additional time through various ploys as they have done in the past. The negotiations will be stretched out with no resolution in sight. They will even ask for the government troops to withdraw so they will have more area under their control. This will give a new life to the ruthless terror campaign the Tigers have been waging for the past 30 years.
The relocation of the top Tigers to another country, as some has suggested, will be a disaster. While they are militarily beaten in Sri Lanka, their world-wide arms procuring and fundraising network remains intact. It would be a matter of time before the Tigers regroup and commence their suicide bombings and terror acts after such an escape. This would also create problems for other countries because their exile will force Tigers to form strong allegiances with other terror groups. Clearly, the time has come to finish off the world's most ruthless terror group before they sneak out.
In 1987, the Sri Lankan forces had the Tigers cornered, but their tactic of gaining world-wide sympathy through claims of real and alleged killings of civilians forced India to intervene. India's attempt to forge a peaceful solution through a power sharing arrangement failed, not because of Sri Lankan government's lack of cooperativeness, but because Tigers were never serious about sharing power and wanted nothing short of a mono-ethnic Tamil dictatorship run by them. They used the lull in the fighting to regroup, eliminate their Tamil political rivals, and start their terror campaign with renewed vigor. Tigers could have been finished off in 1987. Yet, concerns about civilian deaths made India intervene. The net result? Twenty two more years of Tiger terror, not only on the Sinhalese population, but on the Tamils as well. Are we about to make the same mistake again?
The Sri-Lankan government needs maximum pressure from the International Community, if there is going to be any solution to the conflict.
The government has little or no concern for the Tamil civilians and has been paying lip-service to their human rights.
What it has done is to produce films taken by government controlled media to show how some civilians are being helped. This is simply a façade and a Bollywood nonsense!
The current government's policy towards the Tamils is not different from the former President J.R. Jayawardene.
"I am not worried about the opinion of the Tamil people… now we cannot think of them, not about their lives or their opinion.. the more you put pressure in the north, the happier the Sinhala people will be here… Really if I starve the Tamils out, the Sinhala people will be happy." – J. R. Jayawardene, Daily Telegraph 11th July 1983
What the SL government is very likely to do is to stop the war on the Tamils temporarily in order to get money out of the Western Governments. In other words, the SL government is using the war as a ploy to get money, as the economy is in deep trouble thanks to economic mismanagement, corruption and massive spending on the war.
What the International Community must realize now is that they cannot reason with the regime in Colombo, as this regime is not different from Saddam's or Mugabe's regime. They only understand force – nothing else.
The international community must demonstrate now that it can ACT decisively against the regime in Colombo or accept that it is SPINELESS!
Rouge regimes elsewhere, facing similar reserve currency difficulties as Sri Lanka, would be closely watching the aid scenario unfold.
The idea of bombing out a "minority" community from its traditional land, interning more than 250, 000 people in concentration camps and reminding the international community of its "responsibility to help the government provide adequate relief for the displaced civilians," sounds like a simple enough strategy to implement.
How aid agencies, that market themselves of "sustainable development", and the UN react to the Sinhala state may well end up setting a precedent for use of "minorities" as aid bait.
None can deny that injustice was done earlier to Lanka's Tamil speaking population. There is no country in the world where every race has been treated as equal. But, times have changed. There is far more equality today than 25 years ago. And it is bound to get better.
However, the world needs to understand that any government worth it's salt will never negotiate with a gun to it's head.
Prabhakaran is drunk on power, and finds himself in a position where he will probably be treated like an ordinary Tamil civilian. This is an idea that he finds extremely hard to digest,
The people of Sri Lanka have suffered misery due to the ambition of one mad megalomaniac. It is unfair for all Tamil speaking Lankans to suffer on his behalf.
One hopes that SL Army will terminate his existence and alleviate the pitiable state that innocents find themselves in.
The world has a responsibility to help the Government provide adequate relief for the displaced civilians.
And, the Indian Government would do well to advise politicians from the southern state of Tamil Nad to stay out of the internal issues that perplex Sri Lanka
Flash fictions: Short and sweet
Election 2015: The daily take: Playing to the gallery
Greece's cash crunch: Running out of room
The ZERO movement: Bearable lightness
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Markets and data
American forces in Europe: Cavalry ride
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New Jersey's Teen Driver Decal Deadline Approaches
Jim LiebeltJim is Senior Writer, Editor and Researcher for the HomeWord Center for Youth and Family at Azusa Pacific University. Jim has over 25 years of experience as a youth and family ministry specialist, and has been on the HomeWord staff since 1998. He has served over the years as a pastor, author, youth ministry trainer, adjunct college instructor and speaker. Jim's culture blog and parenting articles appear on HomeWord.com. Jim is a contributing author of culture and parenting articles to Crosswalk.com. Jim and his wife Jenny live in Olympia, WA.
- 2010 Mar 25
State officials Wednesday announced the specifics of Kyleigh's Law, a first in the nation initiative designed to help prevent teen driver deaths and injuries, which begins May 1.
The new law mandates the display of red, reflectorized decals on the front and rear license plates of any vehicle operated by a permit or probationary license holder under the age 21.
Attorney General Paula T. Dow, Motor Vehicle Administrator Raymond P. Martinez and Division of Highway Traffic Safety Director Pam Fischer, who led the Teen Driver Study Commission, discussed the law in Freehold. The commission advocated the use of vehicle decals for new drivers.
Dow noted that the decal will provide an additional tool for police to use in their continued efforts to enforce the Graduated Driver license (GDL) law.
On April 12, all MVC Agencies will sell the decals at $4 dollars per pair. The decals must be attached to the top, left corner of the front and rear license plates prior to the Graduated Driver License holder operating the vehicle. The decals are removable so that other family members who share a vehicle with a GDL holder may remove them prior to driving.
Source: newjerseynewsroom


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Capital Markets
Company Overview of GS Capital Partners V, L.P.
Company Overview
GS Capital Partners V, L.P. specializes in mature companies through leveraged buyouts, recapitalizations, turnarounds, stressed/distressed investments, and growth investments to fund acquisitions or expansions. It invests across a broad range of industries. The fund invests globally with a focus on the Americas, Europe, and Asia including India. It primarily invests between $50 million and $800 million in Chinese private businesses and participates in ownership reorganization in Chinese state-owned enterprises with investments above $200 million each. The fund seeks to take minority stakes.
200 West Street
New York, NY 10282
United States
Founded in 2004
Key Executives for GS Capital Partners V, L.P.
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Our data partners will research the update request and update the information on this page if necessary. Research and follow-up could take several weeks. If you have questions, you can contact them at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Incoming Freshmen Reveal Techy, Quirky, Service-Oriented Sides in Student Survey … »
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Showing 2 of my gardens.
7-5-12 This is a new garden that is 1 1/2 - 2yrs. old
6' X 26' Full sun perennial garden that I am
already wanting to widen as I have bushes planted in the back and I wanted more perennials in the front. But I am running out of room.
If you put these 2 pics together you can get an idea of what this part looks like. And I am planting, weeding & moving things around in here. The back is still full of weeds. I have been making metal tags for my plants but I am crazy behind so I made some out of cut mini-blinds for temp. tags. I also have maps of all my gardens so I can keep up with what bulbs are where so that I don't slaughter them with my shovel. Or create noid Iris or Daylilies that are named.
This is the corner of that garden. The butterfly bush is about 8' tall. It has never seeded anywhere nor do I cut it back - ever. To the left and back of this pic is browning Cruentus leaves, weeds & some lantana that is being replaced with daylilies & iris. I thought oh my my gardens are full but I started removing all kinds of things that just became boring and uneventful and found I really have lotsa room. I've been top dressing with manure then laying down mulch to hold moisture in & deter some weeds.
This garden is about 2 1/2 years old. The barberry has been there at least 4 years, but it was all alone and then I decided to make a garden all around it. This one is small,
dry with somewhat acidic soil. 7' X 9' or so tomorrow I'm going to measure it, now that I'm thinkin' about it not knowing the exact dimensions is bugging me. This garden is being redone as well. I had originally planned to make it a little fairy garden. But my plant collecting foiled that. However I am going to do that, but for the moment there are other important things pressing.
BTW there are daylilies in all the pics. What's the point in saying which ones when there are no flowers at the moment.
This is the other side.
This is a daylily that I planted that arrived with a scape
on it. Hope the scape makes it, South Seas. What's your vote yay or nay? (I will report back with a pic to see who is right.) My vote is yes. After all I am an eternal optimist!
And another one with a scape, Ezekiel. Yes, this one too shall prevail! lol
Thank you Rita, I like to have a mixture of plants. They are still so new I can't wait 'til they are older & the plants mature & clump up. I suppose I should have planted annuals to of given it a more full appearance until the permanent residents get going.
Debra coral is my most favorite color so I can't wait to see
this one in bloom. I am really hoping the bloom stalks do indeed bloom & not suffer bud drop.
Thank you for looking!


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Food Encyclopedia
Browse Alphabetically
chipped beef
These wafer-thin slices of salted and smoked, dried beef are usually packed in small jars and were once an American staple. Chipped beef is also referred to simply as dried beef. "Shit on a shingle," known in polite society as SOS, is military slang used for creamed chipped beef served on toast.
From The Food Lover's Companion, Fourth edition by Sharon Tyler Herbst and Ron Herbst. Copyright © 2007, 2001, 1995, 1990 by Barron's Educational Series, Inc.
Related Recipes From Food Network
- Chipped Beef on Toast
- Roast Beef Debris
- The Ultimate Beef Wellington
- Spanish Style Beef and Rice
- Beef Pot Roast


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OP Senior Member
Apopka, FL
Thanks Meter: 1,243
2,541 posts
Join Date:Joined: Jan 2008Donate to Me
I guess we can't be too far behind now.
HERE's a full list of improvements to Sense 6 for the M7
Thanks to @thoughtlesskyle for the below downloads.
OTA.zip on DevHost
Download it here
Firmware zip from OTA (pulled directly from it, haven't tested though)
Download here
Modified Firmware zip (removed boot.img/recovery.img/Hboot.img again still haven't tested)
Download Here
Stock rooted ROM
Thread is here
Last edited by eXplicit815; 1st June 2014 at 01:23 AM.


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I'm trying to get require.js to load modules on the server-side with Java 6 and Rhino.
I'm able to load require.js itself just fine. Rhino can see the
require() function. I can tell because Rhino complains that it can't find the function when I change
require() to something else like
But when I try to require even a simple JS, like
var hello = 'hello';
using either of the following:
it doesn't work. I get
Caused by: javax.script.ScriptException: sun.org.mozilla.javascript.internal.JavaScriptException: [object Error] (<Unknown source>#31) in <Unknown source> at line number 31
at com.sun.script.javascript.RhinoScriptEngine.eval(RhinoScriptEngine.java:153)
at com.sun.script.javascript.RhinoScriptEngine.eval(RhinoScriptEngine.java:167)
at javax.script.AbstractScriptEngine.eval(AbstractScriptEngine.java:247)
I have my
hello.js at the top of the Java classpath. That's where I have
require.js as well. I tried moving
hello.js everywhere I could think it might possibly go, including the root of my hard drive, the root of my user directory, the directory from which I'm running my Java app, etc. Nothing works.
I looked at the CommonJS spec (http://wiki.commonjs.org/wiki/Modules/1.0) and it says that top-level IDs (like
hello) are resolved from the "conceptual module name space root", whereas relative IDs (like
./hello) are resolved against the calling module. I'm not sure where either of those baselines is, and I suspect that's the issue.
Any suggestions? Can I even use require.js from Rhino?
EDIT: Thinking that I need to set the environment up as per Pointy's suggestion in the comment below, I tried evaluating
r.js as well. (I tried evaluating after evaluating
require.js, and then again before
require.js.) In either case I get an error:
Caused by: javax.script.ScriptException: sun.org.mozilla.javascript.internal.EcmaError: ReferenceError: "arguments" is not defined. (<Unknown source>#19) in <Unknown source> at line number 19
at com.sun.script.javascript.RhinoScriptEngine.eval(RhinoScriptEngine.java:153)
at com.sun.script.javascript.RhinoScriptEngine.eval(RhinoScriptEngine.java:167)
at javax.script.AbstractScriptEngine.eval(AbstractScriptEngine.java:247)
"arguments" appears to be a variable in
r.js. I think it's for command line arguments, so I don't think
r.js is the right path for what I'm trying to do. Not sure though.


text:
Melissa prepares a simple deviled egg as a healthy snack or party food.
Bobby Flay returns to his culinary roots with a bold Southwestern brunch!
Sweet Potato Pie and Deviled Eggs - you don't get more southern than that!
Laura makes a classic mayonnaise to which she adds roasted garlic.
In just a few easy steps, learn how to make the perfect omelet.
Good Eats shows how to make an extremely simple yet tasty sweet potato pie.
For easy entertaining, make these quick and easy mini-Italian clubs.
To keep the crust crisp and the filling fluffy, watch how Rachel does it.
Make delicious and hearty stuffed flank steak with Food 911.
Chefs Flay and Chiarello engage in an eggs-citing battle for omelet glory.
Get Cooking Channel on your TV.


text:
Contact us for details 310-560-4414
FMA Method Self-Defense provides Private and small group, reality-based self-defense in Los Angeles, CA. Guro Ilan teaches a hybrid system of Filipino and indonesian martial arts combined with heavy elements of Muay Thai and Brazilian Jiujitsu. The intention of the training is to develop real, functional combat skills relevant to today's society. The revolutionary method of Self Defense get's rid of cookie cutter elements found in martial arts and works specifically on developing each persons reflexes and natural reactions in a way that is specific to them. Training involves a heavy elements of reaction based, "alive" training to develop real world skills that are applicable with each lesson.
FMA Method Self-Defense was founded by Ilan Srulovicz as a result of two decades dedicated to studying the martial arts as well as the psychology behind violent attacks. A 3rd degree black belt and a recognized guro in the ancient Filipino art of Eskrima, Pangamot and Eskrido, Ilan has developed a unique method of tailoring traditional Filipino martial arts to the realities of modern self-defense. Famously showcased in the Bourne Identity films, the Filipino martial arts are considered some of the most sophisticated and street-savvy martial arts ever devised. They encompass a comprehensive range of deadly armed and unarmed fighting skills that have been passed down from generation to generation in the Philippines.


text:
Lead -free glass?
Sturdy, beautiful, inert....
Clipper Ship Coffee Mugs (Set of 4)
Sip all of your favorite hot beverages in this set of stylish glass coffee mugs. All four mugs feature an etched illustration of a proud clipper slip. These 12-ounce cups make an ideal gift set for any fan of nautical or sailing themes.
- Details
- Shipping & Returns
- Reviews
ITEM#: 13684078This set of coffee mugs features a hand-cut clipper ship pattern honed by the skilled artisans of Susquehanna Glass. Accent your home bar collection or give these glasses as a gift to a friend.
- Color: Clear
- Pattern: Clipper ship
- Materials: Glass
- Capacity: 12 ounces
- Care instructions: Dishwasher safe
- Set of 4
|Product Features
|Made in USA
|12 oz.
|Model Number
Product Reviews
- Disclosures & Guidelines
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They've Become the Household Favorite
Sturdy, beautiful, inert.Read More
Good product nice touch on the decoration. Very sturdy and tough..Read More
An excellent value for the money
Nice everyday mugs, not fine china but good quality nonetheless. We really shopped around and these were a good value. We like glass mugs for their look, but it's hard to find something different. These fit the bill perfectly. We're very happy with them.Read More
Questions & Answers
Thank you for contacting us, yes these are made of lead free glass. Please let me know if you have any further question.
Shopping Guides
How to Clean Glass Coffee Pots
In order to enjoy a fresh, robust cup of coffee each and every morning, it's important to keep your coffee maker clean. Coffee makers with glass carafes can accumulate coffee stains and make your coffee taste old and stale. Thoroughly washing your glass coffee pot will help your coffee taste its best. Wash the pot each afternoon or evening after you're finished with your coffee and you'll wake to a clean pot that will provide the best flavor for your coffee.
How to Clean a Glass Coffee Table
If you're looking for a quick way to update your living room, you might consider adding a glass coffee table. Placing a coffee table in any room is an easy way to add storage space and invites guests to stay and enjoy a beverage. Glass coffee tables are a great choice because they don't weigh down a room; the light-reflective surface can brighten any area. Cleaning a glass coffee table, however, can be somewhat of a challenge. Don't let the fear of a dirty table keep you from choosing glass. Read on for tips on how to clean a glass coffee table, and then choose the table that strikes your fancy.
How to Care for a Glass Coffee Table
Fashionable and elegant coffee, sofa and end tables make a stunning addition to any room. Their unique and versatile appearance easily allows them to match many different living room styles ranging from modern to classical or traditional. A glass coffee table acts as an instant furniture focal point in your living room. However, because it's made of a delicate material, it must be treated with caution and care in order to make it last. The glass table top is susceptible to scratches and nicks. However, keeping glass coffee tables clean and scratch free is easy if you follow the instructions below on how to care for a glass coffee table. Your glass coffee table will last for many years if treated with care.
Best Reasons to Have a Glass Coffee Table
Are you in the market for a glass coffee table? If that's the case, you probably know you have a huge amount of options. There are countless glass coffee tables available in an even larger number of sizes, shapes and styles, so deciding on just one can often be difficult. Don't let the frustration of indecision sway you from your choice, however. You're on the right path, as many glass coffee-table owners will tell you. Take a look below to learn the best reasons to have a glass coffee table.
How to Decorate with a Large End Table
Adding a decorative end table to your living room is a smart and classy move. End tables are elegant, stylish and convenient. Putting a table next to your sofa or recliner gives you a place to set your favorite books, magazines and coffee mug. When you add an end table to your living room there are a few things you need to be aware of in order to help it fit the rest of your living room furniture. A large end table will add a sophisticated look and feel to your living room. They're easy to add, but there are a few rules you should follow. Keep reading for more tips and ideas on how to decorate with a large end table.
How to Use Ottomans for Coffee Tables
Everywhere you look, you'll see decor spreads that replace the living room's old, faithful coffee table with one or two ottomans. This relatively straightforward substitution can toss a few curve balls at would-be decorators unless they do their homework. Take a look below to learn how to use ottomans for coffee tables.
How to Brew the Perfect Pot of Coffee
There's no reason to spend your time and money at the coffee shop every morning when you can brew the perfect pot of coffee at home for a fraction of the cost. With a little care and preparation, you should have no problem making an excellent pot of coffee at home. The perfect pot of coffee consists of two basic elements: quality beans and quality water.
Coffee Table Buying Guide
From suburban mansions to studio apartments, townhouses to country homes, living rooms everywhere prominently feature the furniture must-have of the century: the coffee table. Its popularity, along with the expansion of online shopping, has flooded the coffee table market. This embarrassment of riches has been a blessing for some and a curse for others, making the hunt for the perfect fit simultaneously easier and harder than ever. The traditional setting for a coffee table is center stage, surrounded by an orchestra pit of living room furniture. Coffee tables are catchalls for items as far afield as books, magazines, remote controls, a vase of fresh peonies, dinner plates, newspapers, coasters and yes, even coffee. How do you know when a coffee table is tailored to you, your living room and your lifestyle? Learn the lingo. Create some living room furniture criteria. Include considerations of size, shape, material, style and utility. With standards informed by this coffee table primer, you'll be better able to envision the perfect piece in your home.
Coffee Maker Buying Guide
If you're one of the millions who takes their coffee seriously, a home coffee maker may be a good investment. For many, it can be tough to wake up in the morning without coffee; however, making coffee or espresso at home can save you money and the hassle of an early morning errand. This buying guide outlines the different types of coffee and espresso machines, so you can buy the right one for you.
How to Choose a Coffee Table
Usually, a coffee table is the center point of a sitting area. This area might be a small, cozy place with a sofa and a couple of chairs, a medium-sized family room that needs to be inviting for kids and their friends or an elegant living room designed for entertaining guests. You'll want to keep several considerations in mind when choosing your coffee table, including size, material, style and function. Taking a little time to prepare for the purchase can help you find a great addition to your existing furniture.
Coffee Table Fact Sheet
Coffee tables aren't limited to holding coffee cups and oversize books. A popular piece of furniture, the coffee table may be in the living room, den or recreation room, or on the patio: anywhere people using a sofa and chairs may gather and require space to place a beverage or plate. They may hold game boards for spirited competitions or the pieces for a jigsaw puzzle. A coffee table can be a focal point or a demure accessory. This coffee table fact sheet should help you learn more about this versatile piece of furniture.
Best Coffee Table Materials
When it comes to coffee tables, materials aren't much of an obstacle. Coffee tables have become so popular that they are now made out of pretty much every material used to make furniture. Whether you have a square coffee table or a round coffee table, you can find it in just about any material you like. Next time you are choosing a new accent table, cocktail table, end table or coffee table, you'll have plenty of options. However, some comparison might be helpful. Here are some of the most popular materials used to make coffee tables to help you on your way.
Best Coffee Maker Features
Morning coffee is essential for many, and with the features available in today's coffee makers there's no reason not to treat yourself to a fresh-brewed cup each and every day. Shop for coffee pots with the perfect combination of features for your needs, so you can make mornings something to look forward to.
Best Additional Features for Coffee Tables
Don't ask what you can do for your coffee table; ask what your coffee table can do for you. Coffee tables are nothing if not multi-tasking furniture pieces that can accomplish a lot with a little. Trunk storage, magazine racks, drawers, shelving, hidden seating or even built-in ottomans are all possibilities, but beware of the busily tricked-out coffee table that includes all of these features. The message bears repeating: Think about the form and function of your coffee table. How will its design impact how you use it? The modern coffee table comes with plenty of extras, so choose carefully.
Drip Coffee Makers vs French Press Coffee Makers
Whether you prefer a classic cup of coffee each morning or you opt for a creamy, dreamy cup after dinner, making coffee at home should be convenient and maybe even a little bit fun. When you are shopping for a new coffee maker, you will be faced with many options. Is a drip coffee machine or a French press coffee maker best for you? Consider these aspects to choose the right one.
Types of Coffee Brewers Fact Sheet
People have had a love affair with coffee for hundreds of years and are still developing easier ways to achieve that perfect blend of flavor, aroma and caffeine. If you're shopping for a coffee maker, you may be wondering which type of brewing system to choose. The good news is that no matter what your tastes, there are many reasonably priced coffee makers to meet your morning, midday and evening pick-me-up needs. To learn more about the different types of coffee brewers, keep reading.
Wine Glasses Buying Guide
Choosing which utensils to use for eating different types of food is similar to choosing which wine glass to use for different types of wine. Obviously, you wouldn't use a teaspoon to eat spaghetti or a fork for measuring sugar into your morning coffee. But did you know that there's a difference between red wine glasses, white wine glasses and champagne glasses? There are specific types of wine glasses for nearly every type of wine. These different wine glasses can be identified by their sizes and shapes. Read on to discover which wine glasses are right for the wines you prefer to drink.
How to Be Your Own Barista
There is nothing like a fresh, hot cup of joe in the morning. But the prices at your corner big-name coffeehouse can leave a bit to be desired. So what do you do? The answer is simple: You become your own barista. But whether you've been drinking coffee for years or have just started your journey into java, it can be difficult to figure out which type of coffee you want to start brewing at home. This guide will help you figure out which type of coffee maker is your morning soul mate.
How to Set Up an China Cabinet
China cabinets or china buffets are used by most people to elegantly display a china collection. For some people, however, buffets become a catch-all for all kinds of odds and ends, from that homemade mug your niece painted for you to a dried-up flower bouquet you got at a wedding and that is now slowly turning to dust. Organize your china cabinet and restore its rightful place as a fine piece of furniture that will also show off your china and crystal treasures.
Best Sunroom Furnishing Ideas
Sunrooms are often some of the most popular areas of any home. Large windows and garden views make sunrooms feel like outdoor retreats while still providing the cover and warmth of indoor rooms. Because sunrooms are connected more to the outdoors than any other room in your home, pick design elements and furniture that work with that theme. Below, you'll find some of the best sunroom furnishing ideas. Seating: One of the most important parts of a sunroom is the seating arrangement. Since you'll likely want to spend many warm nights and bright days in your sunroom, you'll need adequate seating. Sunrooms typically feature either wood furniture or wrought iron seating. When deciding what's right for you, consider the overall look of the room as well as the intended comfort level. Wooden furniture with thick cushions is warmer and more comfortable than metal. A wicker sectional sofa with comfortable cushions will work well with the design of a sunroom. Alternatively, wrought iron benches and chairs give a modern look and feel to a room. Mismatched plush armchairs are a great way to bring both comfort and casual elegance to a sunroom. Tables: When picking out tables for your sunroom, consider how you're going to use the area. Choose a low table that can act as a coffee table for guests to set down their drinks. Tables with glass inserts match sunrooms well because of surrounding glass windows. Sunrooms are a popular place to go during parties and family get-togethers, so consider adding a small dining table and chairs to the room for meals. Design elements: Although sunrooms are indoors, they tie in the nature and wonder of the outdoors. Choose design elements that bring both sun and nature into the room. Wicker planters can hold plants of your choice. Place planters on side tables and on the floor next to entrances to give an inviting impression as guests enter the room. Artwork can change a bland sunroom into something charming and interesting. Look for paintings and sculptures that incorporate colors and themes from the surrounding decor. View All Furniture Back to Guides Directory View All Furniture
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United Kingdom & Ireland >
Products & Services >
Displays and Graphics >
Vehicle Wrapping >
Vehicle Wraps >
Matte Car Wraps >
Matte Black Car Wraps
Subtly make your car stand out and look totally different to norm with a matte black or satin black vehicle wrap.
The great thing about a matte black car wrap apart from the way it looks is that when it becomes unfashionable simply remove it to restore your car back to its original paint work.
With a number of manufacturers offering limited runs of matte black paint options on new vehicles, now you can get the latest look on your existing vehicle with a 3M matte black vehicle wrap.
Matte Black Car Graphics can change the colour of your car quickly and cost effectively, no need for a re-spray instead your vehicle can be wrapped using a coloured film. 3M supply a wide range of coloured vinyl car wrapping films so now you can change the colour of your car anytime you want.Â
Free Vehicle Wrapping Buying Guide
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"As an accomplished author and policy analyst, [Ying] Ma is today a thought leader whose conservative commentary reaches not just the nation but the world," writes Casey Breznick in The Cornell Review. "It is for this reason The Cornell Review brought Ma, an alum of the Review, for a special speakers event on the topic of 'Prevailing Over the Welfare State: A Story of Getting out of the Ghetto'. The event was graciously sponsored by and organized in part by the Clare Boothe Luce Policy Institute, an organization that promotes women through conservative thought and ideas..." [Read more]
On March 20, Ms. Ma shared her inspiring story with the Conservative Women's Network as well (video below), drawing distinct contrasts in her experiences between the "welfare state" approach to addressing poverty versus the far more successful "opportunity" approach built on hard work, individual responsibility and educational achievement.
"Mr. Obama and his class warriors tell Americans that their economic misfortune is the fault of others," writes Frank Donatelli, former assistant to President Reagan and Secretary-Treasurer of Institute's Board for 22 years. But Mr. Obama's policies are the cause of rising income inequality:
A real middle-class economic program would involve major changes in the Obama economic agenda. The president's Federal Reserve chairman would reverse her bias against savings and let interest rates find market levels, giving savers decent returns on their bank balances and CDs. He would end his crusade to shackle job creators with endless regulations to implement Obamacare, climate change and Dodd Frank. Most importantly, Mr. Obama would focus on policies to grow the economy, not redistribute a smaller pie. It cannot be repeated too often that the recovery of the past six years has been the weakest since World War II with few new net job created...
March is Women's History Month and schools around the country will be championing women of acclaim both past and present.Here's one famous woman that school children probably won't see, and, given the state of American history education, one they may not know, even though she was one of the most acclaimed and accomplished women of the 20th Century.
Born in 1903, she blazed many new trails for women during her lifetime; and upon her death in 1987, Time magazine eulogized her as "the preeminent Renaissance woman of the century." Do you know her?
The Luce Institute is seeking to hire a Public Relations Program Officer. Some marketing, communications or public relations experience required. For more information or to apply, visit our Employment Opportunities page.


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Central Park News
Dit dit ditiditidit - that's the sound of the CentralPark.com news ticker. And here in the Central Park News Room is where you'll find the latest news, announcements, events and anything newsworthy about Central Park.
12 Mar
Aquatic Ecosystems Emerge In Central ParkCentral Park surprises its visitors as it opens a new spot for the aquatic ecosystem. more ›
20 Feb
Miss P Heads to Central Park for Victory LapThe adorable 4-year-old beagle that won 'Best in Show' at Westminster headed to Central Park to take a victory lap in a horse-drawn carriage as part of a whirlwind day in the Big Apple. more ›
17 Feb
Baby Penguin On View at Central Park ZooThe first king penguin ever hatched in New York City is now on view. more ›
17 Feb
Global Citizen Festival in Central Park to be Curated by Chris MartinChris Martin of Coldplay has pledged to shape the lineup for the Global Citizen festival for the next 15 years. more ›
12 Feb
Central Park in the MoviesAdrian Benepe reflects on experiencing almost four decades of working in New York City's parks, how the changes over the years have been reflected in the movies, and how most of them took place in Central Park. more ›
9 Feb
For Its Next Big Project, Creative Time Heads to Central ParkThis year, Creative Time will head to Manhattan with "Drifting in Daylight: Art in Central Park. more ›
5 Feb
Shakespeare in the Park Lineup AnnouncedThis year's free annual Shakespeare in the Park lineup will include "The Tempest" and "Cymbeline." more ›
3 Feb
Luis Palau Bringing Gospel to New York City's Central ParkThe Luis Palau Association will host NY CityFest, a massive free gospel festival to be held this summer in Central Park. more ›
26 Jan
Central Park Will Close at 6PM, Monday Jan 26Due to winter weather, Central Park will be closed at 6pm tonight. Visitor centers will close at 2pm. more ›
15 Jan
Snow Covers Some of Central Park for Winter Jam 2015Winter Jam in Central Park features snowshoeing, skiing and snowboarding lessons, sledding, kicksledding and more. more ›
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A filter is disclosed for treating drinking waters contaminated with lead or, alternately, lead and copper. The filter is made an effective extractor of toxic lead or copper by incorporating a particulate chelating agent having substantial selectivity for lead or lead and copper and having little or no reactivity with all other ions.
1. A device for removing dissolved lead and copper ions from drinking water consisting of a vessel that attaches to the outlet section of a water dispensing faucet; a bed containing catechol siderophore modified by substituting bromine, chloride or nitrogen oxide in the benzene ring of the catechol that selectively removes and absorbs lead and copper ions from waters passing through it; and porous support means for holding said bed in place in said vessel and for allowing water to flow through the bed.
2. A device for removing dissolved lead and copper ions from drinking water consisting of a containing vessel that attaches to the outlet section of a water dispensing faucet; a granular bed of catechol siderophore modified by substituting bromine, chloride or nitrogen oxide in the benzene ring of the catechol and chemically attached to silica particles that selectively removes and absorbs lead and copper ions from water when water is passed through said bed; and separate top and bottom porous support means for holding said filter bed in place in said containing vessel and allowing said drinking water to pass through said filter bed and exit said device.
This invention relates to water filters and more particularly to selective filters for drinking water taps, especially in households and institutions.
Growing evidence indicates that heavy metals leached into drinking water are an extremely serious and widespread environmental health hazard. The high toxicity of lead has long been known, but recent statistical medical studies have shown that even the smallest concentrations of lead in the body can cause serious health problems. Low-level lead exposure has been implicated in effecting fetal development (causing neurological, mental, and physical disabilities), in retarding the cognitive development of children, and in contributing to hypertension, heart attacks, and strokes in middle-aged men. In its report, "Reducing Lead in Drinking Water: A Benefit Analysis" (EPA-230-09-86-019; December, 1986), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) conservatively estimated that a billion dollars in annual monetized benefits would result from reducing exposure to lead in drinking water from 50 mg/l to 20 mg/l. Many people believe that zero lead is the ideal level.
High levels of tap water lead are found nationwide. It is especially a problem in areas with water of low to medium pH, with soft water, or with public water systems that contain sections of lead piping. In new homes, and those with new pipework solder, it is not uncommon to find first-draw water which contains lead in concentrations many times the EPA's current maximum contaminant level (MCL). Also, the leaching of copper ions from piping is a problem in some areas.
Many filters have been made to treat waters used in the home. Some have been designed to attach to the end of a water faucet or to place in the line just upstream of the tap. Some have replaceable and even regenerable elements; others are disposable. Many filters are used to remove hardness (calcium carbonates) from water. Other filters are used to remove unpleasant tastes or objectional colors in water. The filter of the invention is designed to remove toxic heavy metals, and, in particular, lead and copper from drinking waters. Moreover, the filter will, unlike conventional resin filters, selectively remove lead and copper ions and allow all other cations to pass through. This special ability gives the new filter long life before saturation occurs and therefore means that the filter can be relatively small and can be used effectively for a long time before requiring replacement.
This invention is an improvement in a water purifying filter adapted for connection to a water faucet, said filter comprising a granular bed of special water purifying medium enclosed in a vessel that is readily attachable to a faucet. The water purifying medium comprises a chelating agent having substantial selectivity for one or more toxic metals, and more specifically, for lead and copper, with said agent preferably appearing as a coating attached to small, hard particles, such as silica. A modified synthetic catechol siderophore specific for lead or one specific for lead and copper typify such useful chelating agents.
FIG. 1 is a top perspective view of a typical ion-selective water filter of the invention with a cut-away section showing its internal structure.
FIG. 2 shows the ion-selective filter attached to a conventional water faucet.
FIG. 3 shows cross-sectional views of different variations of the same water filter.
A chelating agent found to be selective in removing lead ions or lead and copper ions from drinking waters is a synthetic catechol siderophore, and more specifically a catechol siderophore modified by substituting a bromine, chloride or nitrogen oxide ion in the benzene-ring structure of the catechol. Such modifications can be accomplished by reacting catechol siderophore with bromine, sodium hypochlorite or sodium nitrite. It has been found advantageous for the removal of lead and/or copper ions from aqueous solutions to employ the modified catechols as coatings on hard silica chips or spheres. The base silica particles provide a bed that is stable dimensionally, that is free flowing, and that is mechanical strong and abrasion resistant.
In FIG. 1 filter 4 comprises a hollow metal or plastic cylinder 10 with upper male screw threads 12 for attachment to the discharge end of a drinking water faucet. A bed 14 of solid particles that will selectively react with and hold toxic metal ions present in water, and preferably of modified catechol siderophore-coated silica particles, fills the cavity inside the hollow cylinder 10. The sizes of the particles range from about 75 microns (Tyler 200 mesh size) to 1981 microns (Tyler 9 mesh size) in their largest dimension, and preferably within the range 300 microns (Tyler 48 mesh size) to about 1600 microns (Tyler 10 mesh size).
A perforated plate or screen 16 permanently affixed to the bottom of cylinder 10 supports the particle bed 14 and together with the cylinder walls and a similar plate or screen 18 permanently affixed to the top of cylinder 10 completely encloses and contains the bed. The size of the perforations in the plates or screens is 75 microns or less, and the number of perforations are large enough to allow water flow rates through the filter of 3/4 gallon per minute or more.
FIG. 2 shows a typical application of the filter of the invention. The filter 10 can be attached directly to the water faucet outlet 30 by screwing the external threads of the filter into internal threads of the water faucet. For faucet outlets having external threads, an adaptor can be employed. Such adaptors are common in the trade and generally consist of a metal or plastic ring having both internal and external threads. Such an adaptor performs as a conduit between the faucet outlet and the filter.
Variations of the invention are shown in FIG. 3. For applications where water exiting the faucet is used mainly for personal consumption, Variation A is preferred. However, for applications where water exiting the faucet is used for multiple purposes, such as washing hands, washing dishes, and drinking, it may be desirable to secure the toxic metal removal properties of the filter during drinking uses but not during other uses. In such cases, the water stream is diverted from the particle bed during non-drinking times. Referring to FIG. 1, the space 20 above the upper plate or screen 18 of the filter may be left open, as in the case of Variation A, or may be filled with a structure that permits one to direct the flow of water downward in different directions, as shown in Variations B, C, and D.
It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the water filter of the invention may be constructed in many ways. The embodiments illustrated are merely examples of typical ion-selective water filters. All water filters specifically directed to drinking waters which utilize a chelating agent that selectively removes lead and/or copper ions while allowing all other ions to pass through undisturbed are contemplated within the scope of the invention.
The following example demonstrates the preparation and use of a typical selective-ion water filter of the invention.
Several ion-selective water filters were prepared by cutting one to four inch sections of polypropylene tubing having an inside diameter of 0.75 inches and a 0.05 inch wall, threading one end of each section and cementing circular metal screens having an opening size of 100 microns to each opposite end. The units were filled with 3 to 30 grams of specially-prepared modified siderophore catechols bonded onto angular silica particles, about 200 to 1600 microns in size. A second metal screen was then placed over the bed of each filter and was secured in place. The completed filters were attached to conventional water faucets on lines leading from large tanks of tap water with known concentrations of lead. Waters were allowed to flow through the filters during which times the lead levels of the outgoing waters were monitored. The results of the trials, listed in Table 1, indicate the effectiveness of the filters in removing lead. In all cases, incoming waters possessed lead levels considered highly dangerous, while exiting waters had reduced lead levels. The projected life of the filters was one to three years.
TABLE 1______________________________________ Water Lead Flow Lead Level Level RemovalFil- Filter Bed Rate of Incoming After Effi-ter Weight (g) (GPM) Water Filtration ciency______________________________________A 30 <0.25 15,000 ppb 5 ppb 99+%B 30 0.25 95 ppb 45 ppb 55%C 3 0.25 95 ppb 25 ppb 70%C 3 1.00 95 ppb 75 ppb 21%D 3 0.15 95 ppb 6 ppb 94%______________________________________
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Disappointing by dj123 - 03/16/2013
Called yesterday asking if a part was in stock and the price. I was told it was in stock and I was provided a price. The price quoted matched online retailers 'non-discounted retail price' and a price quote from another dealership. The next day my wife drops by to pick up the part and the price now is 95% higher. When questioned about the price quoted yesterday they asked who I talked to and after I gave them a name they were then able to sell it for that price. We are not taking large dollars but I guess this is why there are stereotypes about dealerships.
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Just purchase a used Chevy Tahoe from the dealership,and found the whole experience easy. From the quality internet photos to the sales person Tim Redfield, I will refer others to Tim and Lupient Chev.--Love the ride of this truck!
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@lainad @tamar_kali & @militiaismyname set off the NYC launch of What Are You Doing Here?
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A tight little thriller. I enjoy having original movies and remakes only if the remake is good. The Kate Bosworth remake of this movie is just as good as the original and stays... Read morePublished 1 month ago by Gary Gilfoy
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The HP E4500G Switch Series provides advanced Gigabit Ethernet access and distribution for medium-sized businesses and smaller enterprise organizations seeking to build a secure converged network. HP E4500G switches support security, and management features, and accommodate up to four optional 10 GbE high-speed links, enabling connectivity to a core network or high-performance servers. Some models also provide PoE support. The combination of high-performance Gigabit Ethernet switching, quality of service (QoS), and traffic management features help ensure that essential applications receive appropriate priority for the efficient utilization of network resources. The series also offers clustering and stackable scalability with single IP address management.
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Dear friends,
We are so pleased to let you know that our new centre is complete and back in use! We now have a safe and permanent place for youth to escape the streets. This new building will be able to withstand the threat of erosion that faces so many of the buildings erected in these hillside slums. The community and youth we serve are really excited about this new beginning and we are so grateful for your help.
We are now fundraising $1200 USD to meet a new local government requirement to install a 2-stall public toilet for the centre's users. This will offer a hygenic facility to people who are accustomed to sharing a pit latrine with up to 30 others. Please click here if you are able to help us out with a small donation toward this goal: http://goto.gg/14823.
Right now, we are also focused on fundraising so we can offer more job skills training. Most youth here do not get the opportunity to finish school due to the cost and the obligations to contribute to their family's income. Job skills training in the high-demand sectors of tailoring and welding helps slum youth build a successful livelihood.
Fundraising is hard for us as a small grassroots organization, so we are thrilled to have the help of some new 'online' volunteers who are helping us with different parts of fundraising, like research and writing. It is amazing for us to think that there are people in South Korea, France and Australia who are giving their time to help us out, just as it touches us to think about you giving generously to at-risk youth whom you do not know.
We recently checked back in with some of the youth we've served in the past to record their stories and thought we'd share one with you:
I am 20 years old, the eldest in a family of 7 and a resident of Shauri Yako - Witemere slums in Nyeri town. I went to school up to class 6 and then dropped out due hunger and poverty. In my family finding food was a priority, which left little or no time for education. It was very difficult for my mom to put food on the table, so I started working at a very early age to try and help by doing all kinds of odd jobs, including house help. A course instructor who knew my family introduced me to SYSC. In 2010, at the age of 17, I took part in a free six month tailoring skills training program at SYSC. Afterward I volunteered as an assistant instructor at SYSC while looking for a job. In 2011, I took a micro-credit loan and started a dress and curtain-making business in my rented room here in the Shauri Yako slums. Today I am earning enough to pay rent, support my mom and 6 siblings, and I am also training them in tailoring. Discovering SYSC changed my life – see where I am now! - Jane Kamau
Lastly, we'd like to ask you if you have any questions about the Shauri Yako Community Youth Support Centre, the slums where we work or the youth we serve? Please hit reply to this email - we'd be happy to hear from you with questions or ideas.
Thanks again for your support.
Joe Mwai
Chair of the Board
To our generous supporters,
We are so happy to tell you that we are nearing completion of the rebuilding of the Shauri Yako Community Youth Support Centre. Our centre is a very important place for youth from the three slum communities we serve, providing them with refuge from the street, access to health and social support, counseling, job skills and leadership training, etc.
You may know that our old centre was built of semi-permanent iron sheeting and timber and had become totally unstable due to erosion. By late 2012, we had hit the point where had to find a way to raise the funds to rebuild, or cease our operations. Shutting down and giving up was not an option - youth here deserve a chance for a better future and we are committed to trying to provide them with the tools they need to lift themselves from poverty.
Thanks to support from you, other friends and the Project Solution (www.theprojectsolution.org), we now have a near-complete stone and mortor building, with walls and a roof to withstand the elements and our hillside location. This new facility will also be able to house our job skills training equipment (like our sewing machines), securely so we can hold vocational programs here. In the past we've either had to use much needed funds to rent secure programming space or pay for night security to prevent theft.
There is a lot of excitement within the community about this new centre. People have told us they see the project as a sign of hope for a new start. People are already asking us when we will have enough funds to start new job skills programs, or to hold community planning meeting, even though the rebuilding is not yet complete.
If you are able to make a small donation in support of our on-going work, we will use it to put glass in the window frames, attach our rain barrel to harvest free, clean water and complete other final touches. In the meantime, we are actively seeking grants from bigger non-profit organizations, governments, etc. so we can begin more job skills training here.
Thank you again so very much.
Trainee Fraciah Maina reports that she is also now self-employed - as a dress maker in Gamerock town. Not only is she earning a living with the two sewing machines she has purchased, but she is now employing two assistants from the community.
In other news, the leader of SYSC's Scouts Program, Tirus Ndegwa, is soon to be taking 14 members of our Scouts group to the Scouts Founderee camp for a week. Tirus has been elected to lead programs in First Aids, Health, Safety, Sanitation and HIV/AIDS voluntary counseling and testing. The event is expected to draw 10,000 Scouts, including SYSC's members, who will benefit from the team building, leadership and learning opportunities.
Finally, we are anxiously watching the outcome of Kenya's general election on March 4th. We have worked hard to educate youth on the importance of voting. We are hopeful for quick resolution and a peaceful outcome. And we will continue to encourage the government to pay attention to slum issues.
We thank you again for your support and interest in our work. As we always say, we know there are a lot of ways you could give your money. We want to assure you how great a difference you help us make as a tiny organization working in a place where the need is so great and people receive very little additional support. If you are able to support us again, we wanted to let you know that on March 13th, Global Giving will be matching donations at 30% (up to $1000 per donor).


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About the ManufacturerTrodat has its roots in Austria, but it hasn't let national boundaries stop it. Today the Trodat group encompasses more than thirty international subsidiaries, with more than 1,000 employees worldwide. The international Trodat Group's turnover for 2010 was €128.8 million. Trodat has been expanding single-mindedly for decades thereby becoming the world's market leader in self-inking stamps and dominating engraving, marking, and cutting in the laser area with Trotec.
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Rachael Ray Holiday Hoot Salad Bowl
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Rachael Ray Holiday Hoot Salad Bowl
About the ManufacturerRachael Ray's cookware, like all of her other endeavors, has become very successful with consumers. Her sunny, infectious personality has definitely contributed to her quality Rachael Ray cookware line. Add a splash of liveliness to your kitchen with Rachael Ray's specially designed collection of fun, functional, and colorful cookware sets, casseroles, fondue sets, frying pans, woks and so much more!
Rachael Ray's collection of cookware makes the selection process simple by delivering cookware to you that offer unique colors, function, and value. The different cookware materials include hard-anodized aluminum, porcelain enamel nonstick, porcelain enamel cast iron, and commercial nonstick. When you choose Rachael Ray's cookware for your family, you've made an investment for many years to come.
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