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The invention concerns a fixed support for immobilizing biomolecules, said support being covered, at least in some parts, with a polymer. The invention is characterized in that the polymer is an epoxy resin with functionality ranging between 4 and 15. The invention also concerns a method for making such a support.
1. A solid carrier comprising at least a partial polymer coat, comprising at least one biomolecule immobilized by the polymer, wherein the polymer is further defined as a phenolic resin having a functionality of from 6 to 15, wherein the biomolecules are immobilized by the functionality, and wherein the functionality concerns the number of epoxy groups per molecule.
2. The solid carrier of
3. The solid carrier of
4. The solid carrier of
5. The solid carrier of
6. The solid carrier of
7. The solid carrier of
8. The solid carrier of
9. The solid carrier of
10. The solid carrier of
11. A method of immobilizing at least one biomolecule comprising obtaining a solid carrier comprising at least a partial polymer coat, and immobilizing the biomolecule with the polymer on the carrier, wherein the polymer is further defined as a phenolic resin having a functionality of from 6 to 15, wherein the biomolecule is immobilized by the functionality, and wherein the functionality concerns the number of epoxy groups per molecule.
12. The method of
13. The method of
14. The method of
15. The method of
16. A method of producing a solid carrier comprising at least a partial polymer coat according to
17. The method of
18. The method of
This application is a national phase application under 35 U.S.C. §371 of International Application No. PCT/AT02/00277 filed 24 Sep. 2002, which claims priority to Austrian Application No. A 1508/2001 filed 24 Sep. 2001, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
The present application relates to a solid support for immobilizing biomolecules which is at least partially coated with a polymer, as well as to a process for producing such carrier and to the use of an epoxy resin.
A variety of different solid supports for immobilizing biomolecules is already known, wherein the prior art describes a variety of different forms and compositions. In order to be suitable for immobilizing bio-molecules, a carrier either has to be made of a suitable material or—as it is the case more and more often—the solid support is made of any material and the surface of it is coated with a specifically selected suitable material. The prior art describes a variety of materials for coating solid supports:
For example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,150,103 discloses an array for bio-molecules, wherein a layer of polyethylenimine (PEI) is applied on the surface of the array on a glass slide via a coupling agent such as Tri(O—C1-C5-alkyl) silane.
WO 94/00600 describes solid supports for nucleic acid hybridization assays wherein the solid carrier is coated with a polymer such as PEI.
According to the publication of Adessi et al. (Nucleic Acid Research, 2000, vol. 28, no. 20, e87) primers for conducting a solid phase PCR are bound to aminoderivated glass slides. Binding is carried out e.g. via S-MBS (m-maleic imidobenzoyl-n-hydroxysulfon-subtinimide ester).
In U.S. Pat. No. 5,962,136 a solid carrier is described on which a polymer is applied, wherein this polymer consists among other things of polyacryl, polyester, polyurethane, polysilicone, cellulose, epoxy, olefin, fluorine etc. On this polymeric layer, proteins or fragments thereof are immobilized.
According to WO 01/67129 A2 epoxy polymers are applied onto a carrier, which have been made e.g. of the following monomers: acryles, acrylamide derivatives, vinyles, nylon, polyurethanes and polyethers as well as copolymers thereof. These copolymers are preferably hydrophilic. The functionality is at least 1.
The object of the present invention is to provide a coating for a solid carrier for immobilizing biomolecules which has a low or negligibly low inherent fluorescence, a high immobilization capacity and a high signal-to-noise ratio after hydridization. Furthermore, the material for coating should be easy to produce and inexpensive, easy to apply on the solid carrier and suitable for a variety of different biomolecules, on DNA as well as protein level.
The object of the present invention is achieved by the initially described solid carrier characterized in that the polymer is a phenolic resin with a functionality of from 6 to 15, preferably from 7 to 10, particularly preferred 8. Surprisingly it has been found out that such an phenolic resin is perfectly suited as coating for a solid carrier for immobilizing biomolecules, has a low autofluorescence, a high immobilizing capacity as well as a very high signal-to-noise ratio. Phenolic resins with such a functionality are already known, however, so far they have been used in the field of semiconductors as well as an additive for solids, plastics, adhesives and other materials which have to withstand high temperatures.
Surprisingly, it has been found out that a phenolic resin with this kind of functionality is perfectly suited for immobilizing biomolecules, on DNA as well as protein level. Experts use the term "functionality" for describing the reactivity of the molecules building up the polymer. In the present case the functionality concerns e.g. the number of epoxy groups per molecule. On the one hand, the high functionality of the polymer is especially suitable as thereby the binding capacity of the polymer is increased. On the other hand, the functionality of the polymer of the present invention is not too high to act disturbing. If the functionality is too high, there is, e.g., the risk that the reactive groups interact with each other and thus the structure of the polymer is adversely affected. Thus, if the functionality of the polymer is too high the consistence of the polymer would be adversely changed. Therefore, the above mentioned functionalities are optimal for the coating of a solid carrier for immobilizing biomolecules, especially for subsequent analytical methods with high temperatures for which such phenolic resins are most suitable, especially as there are no additional thermochemical or photoreactive groups necessary to bind the polymer on the surface of the carrier. Furthermore, the phenolic resin has a high storage stability, improved tearing properties as well as an especially high temperature and dimensional stability. The phenolic resin can also be provided with additives in order to improve or change certain properties.
The term "solid carrier" within the scope of the present invention means any solid carrier of any shape, size and of suitable material which is known to the person skilled in the art. This can be e.g. microwell plates, microarrays, filters, columns, membranes etc. Here it is possible to structurize the phenolic resin via radiation such as UV radiation so as to produce so called patterned surfaces.
Due to the high stability, rigidity, viscosity, heat resistance and hardness, phenolic resins are especially suitable as polymer for coating solid carriers for immobilizing biomolecules. Furthermore, phenolic resins have a low tendency to creep and a low thermal expansion coefficient. Solid carriers with epoxy phenolic resins with an above defined functionality have surprisingly been found out to be optimal in view of the inherent fluorescence and the signal-to-noise ratio after hybridization.
Another suitable solid carrier is characterized in that the polymer is a novolak. Novolaks are phenolic resins whose aromatic rings are linked via methylene bridges. They can be cured at elevated temperatures under cross-linkage after addition of curing agents such as formaldehyde. Novolaks are acid-catalytically produced polycondensation products of formaldehydes and phenoles and have no methylol groups. Novolak-coatings with above defined functionality have been surprisingly found out to be very suitable regarding the immobilizing capacity.
Preferably the polymer is made up of bisphenol A groups. Bisphenol A is a 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (C15H1602) with a melting temperature of 155-156° C. These polymers have a high temperature and dimensional stability which is suitable for the use in On-chip-PCR's as there is a repeated heating up and cooling down involved. Furthermore, these polymers have a high chemical resistance, flow stability and short press cycles. A polymer made up of bisphenol A groups with an epoxy functionality of from 6 to 15 has all the necessary properties of a coating for solid carriers for immobilising biomolecules:
One example for such a polymer is Epon Resin SU-8 of Shell (equivalent to Epikote 157 of Resolution). Epikote 157 is a polymeric solid phenolic resin with an average epoxide group functionality mean value of 8 and is bisphenol A-based. The viscosity is 1 to 6 Pa·s at 130° C. The molar weight of epoxy is from 195 to 230 g/eq and the epoxy group content is from 4348 to 5128 mmol/kg. The melting temperature is approximately 82° C., density 1.2 kg/l. This material has been found out to be optimal as coating for a solid carrier for immobilizing biomolecules. For instance, SU-8 has a degradation temperature of about 380° C. At the same time, SU-8 is particularly biocompatible and in the case where it is cross-linked, it is very difficult to fluidise and it is insoluble in most chemicals. It has been found out that SU-8 has a very good temperature and dimensional stability and is therefore perfectly suited as coating material.
Preferably, the carrier is a microwell plate. In this case, the coating is provided in each well such that certain biomolecules can be immobilised per well.
It is furthermore advantageous if the carrier is a microarray. This microarray can be of any shape or size, it may e.g. be provided in the form of a glass slide or a well. Here the biomolecules are immobilised in a high density so that such microarrays are to a high extend suitable for detection and analysis methods. Such microarrays are known in the art and an expert can select the respective optimal microarray depending on the biomolecule and amount of samples to be detected.
Preferably, the polymer is coated in spots on the carrier. These spots are localised areas with given diameter. Thus, a solid carrier is provided which can only immobilize biomolecules in the spots, so that an accurate and reproducible result is obtained with analytical methods with several samples. Furthermore, the necessary amounts of samples are limited.
An advantageous carrier is furthermore characterised in that the biomolecules are immobilised on the polymer. Thus a carrier with immobilised biomolecules is already provided, making additional preparation steps for preparation of the carrier superfluous and thus simplify analytical methods to be undertaken. Thereby biomolecules can be immobilised directly on the polymer surfaces or also via known cross-linkers. Furthermore, biomolecules can be immobilised on the polymeric surface via an additional derivatisation.
The biomolecules are preferably immobilised in spots on the polymer. Here the term "spots" means in term localised areas of a certain diameter, whereby advantageously per spot similar and/or identical biomolecules are immobilized. Thus, a variety of different biomolecules can be analyzed or detected simultaneously on a solid carrier, which can also be coated with polymer on its entire surface.
Especially preferred are biomolecules selected from the group consisting of oligonucleotides, proteins, peptides, antigens and antibodies. The term "oligonucleotides" means DNA as well as RNA molecules of any size, in particular of a size of between 5 and 70 nucleotides, with or without artificial modifications. The biomolecules react with the epoxy groups, whereby they are immobilised on the polymer. Thus, such solid carriers can be used e.g. for solid phase PCR's, hybridisation reactions, the detection of antigens and/or antibodies, enzymatical reactions etc.
A further aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an phenolic resin with a functionality of from 6 to 15, preferably from 7 to 10, most preferably 8, as coating on a solid carrier for immobilising biomolecules. Here the above mentioned definitions and preferred embodiments also apply. A phenolic resin with such a functionality has so far not been used as coating means for a solid carrier for immobilizing biomolecules. It has now been found out that a phenolic resin with a functionality of from 6 to 15 is especially suitable therefor and provides optimal results especially in view of the binding capacity, the signal-to-noise ratio and the autofluorescence. The phenolic resin can be provided in solid form which is e.g. dissolved in methyl ethyl ketone, or already as finished solution e.g. in γ-butyrolactone.
It is especially preferred if the polymer is a novolak and especially preferred if the polymer is based on bisphenol A groups.
A further aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing an inventive carrier as described above, wherein a layer of phenolic resin with a functionality of from 6 to 15, preferably from 7 to 10, most preferably 8, is applied onto a carrier. This can be done by any known method which is also known to a person skilled in the art in the field of biochemistry. Also different carriers can be used, e.g. chips, microwell plates, biosensors etc.
The present invention is described according to the following examples and figures to which, however, it shall not be limited, wherein
Production of Epoxy Resin Slides for Oligoarrays
The glass slides are coated by dipping into 2% epoxy resin (functionality 8) (Shell Chemicals)/toluene solution under N2 or 2% epoxy resin/methyl ethyl ketone (subsequently named "SU-8 slides").
SU-8 slides contain epoxy functions which react with nucleophilic groups such as amino groups under ring openings to secondary amines. The reaction mechanism is shown in
Hybridization Protocol
After spotting the amino-modified oligonucleotides, the SU-8 slides are applied on a damp paper tissue in a petri dish, sealed with Parafilm and left at 50° C. in a drying chamber over night. In this damp atmosphere the spots swell and can react with the reactive surface and can be bound covalently to the surface. After incubation in the drying chamber the slides can set-off for a few days before the blocking and hybridisation is started.
In order to block the reactive epoxy groups at the slide the slides are shaken with a solution of 50 mM ethanolamine, 0.1 M Tris, pH 9 and 0.1% SDS for 15 minutes at 50° C., washed again twice in H2O and subsequently blown dry with compressed air. It is suitable if at least 10 ml solution is used per slide and if the slides do not dry when changing the wash solution. For hybridising at the chip the sample labeled with Cy5 or Cy3 is taken up in 20 mM Tris, pH 7.4; 0.9 M NaCl, 0.01% SDS and formamide and denatured at 95° C. (5 min) and immediately put on ice. 20 μl are dropped onto the array at the slide, covered with a 1.5×1.5 cm covering plate and hybridised at 50° C.
Dependency of the Reactivity on the Polymer Concentration
Empty glass slides have been covered with 2%, 5% and 10% SU-8 solutions in toluene, spotted with 20 pM/μl Alf1b-C6—NH2 (5′CGTTCGYTCTGAGCCAG, 5′ amino) and hybridised with 2 ng/μl Cy5-rhizobium Fredii after blockage of the reactive groups with ethanolamine. No differences in the hybridisation efficiency and in the signal-to-noise ratio were found.
Dependency of the Hybridisation Efficiency on the Hybridisation Time
The hybridisation times were varied from 1 to 7 h.
Dependency of the Hybridisation Efficiency on Spot Volume
The hybridisation efficiency has been the same for 0.35 and 1 nl spots. The intensities of fluorescence did not change.
Immobilisation Capacity
In order to determine the immobilisation capacity K Cy5 labeled 17-mer oligonucleotides have been immobilised on SU-8 slides and the fluorescence intensity I has been measured after spotting, blocking and hybridisation. The immobilisation capacity is defined as
Dependency of the Immobilizing Capacity and the Hybridising Efficiency on the Spot Volume
0.35; 1 and 2 nl Cy5-labeled oligonucleotides have been spotted on SU-8 slides. The average spot diameter of an 350 pl spot is 100 μm. The spot diameter increases with the spot volume. The larger the spot, the more oligonucleotide can be immobilized. The fluorescence intensity does not change with the spot size. It is assumed that the spot is getting larger—only a little bit as the SU-8 surface is hydrophobic—when three drops are spotted on top of each other for 1 nl spot, but only a fractional amount of the applied amount reaches the SU-8 surface and can be immobilised. This assumption is confirmed by hybridisations of 0.35 nl and 1 nl Alf1b spots: In both cases the hybridisation efficiency is the same. Apart from that, the fluorescence intensity is according to the Lambert-Beer-Law dependent on the concentration but not on the amount.
Signal-to-Noise Ratio
The fluorescence background on SU-8 slides is on average 5-10%.
These examples show that the inventive carriers for immobilising biomolecules are particularly efficient compared to known carriers and yield particularly results as regards the binding capacity, inherent fluorescence and background noise.
Fluorescence Background after Hybridisation
The fluorescence background has been calculated as percentage of the hybridisation signal, wherein the mean fluorescence background as measured by 15 hybridised samples on SU-8 has been 9.3%, on 3D-Link™ 29.9% and on EasySpot (hydrophilic epoxy polymer) 30.1%.
Hybridization has been measured after blockage of the carrier with 0, 20 and 50 mM ethanolamine, wherein
Spotter Compatibility
SU-8 has been tested in an diagnostic assay in terms of spotter compatibility. 0.35 nl samples were spotted onto a carrier, whereby the piezoelectrical BioChip-Arrayer from Packard BioScience was used and 0.6 nl samples were spotted onto a carrier with the help of the OmniGrid from GeneMachines.
Spot Density
The mean spot diameter of biomolecular samples on different reactive chip surfaces was measured. The spots were applied, on the one hand, with OmniGrid and, on the other hand, with Packard BioScience, whereby
Optimum Sample Concentration
The concentration of an amino-modified oligonucleotide (18 to 50 mer) spotted onto a SU-8 carrier was varied between 0.02 μM and 100 μM and the hybridisation signals were measured. No difference in the hybridisation fluorescence at higher concentrations (above 20 μM) could be detected. The lowest concentration of the sample which leads to a significant hybridisation signal was 2 μM.
Furthermore, single strand DNA (1500 base pairs) were spotted onto a SU-8 carrier, wherein already at 50 ng/μl single strand DNA a detectable signal is visible. In
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"Don't bother with this one."
The story was okay...but the narration was awful. Flat, bland. I've heard children read with more feeling.
No, I usually love this type of book. This one was a bit slow and all over the place...and the narration was distracting. I know, I'm repeating myself.
Some of the scenes where they were hiding in the camps...didn't really go anywhere.
Good subject...very current for the times...just too choppy and not presented very well with the narration.
"Love this series"
Absolutely! Great fun story about one of literatures favorite characters.
I think when Mary first meets Sherlock.
Wonderful. Very good moving from character to character.
At the end when the relationships begins to take a new turn
I love Laurie Kings books and this series especially.
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subset: commoncrawl


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having a senior moment
Hi guys, I recently bought a set of 3 nippers off E-Bay (if anyone's interested, scroll down 15 pictures under the heading "Mosaic tools", and that's them) and I can't for the life of me, figure out how to use them! Are they for glass or tile? How come I can't figure it out? Anybody out there that would care to show an old lady the way???
Girlie we are all more than willing to help ya but we have to know (and see as we're gettin in years to )what ya want us to help ya with>>>>>>I tell you the best info ever will probably come yur way but we have to see what your talkin about first.....pics please and we'll all do our best to help you girl....
Is this it?
If so-the first one is wheeled nippers, for glass or china to cut small pieces. On a piece of glass, place the wheels in the center of the line you wish to cut and squeeze.
The second tool is a tile cutter, it has a small wheel. use the wheel to score a line on a plate,tile or shard, then flip them over and line up the score line in the center and squeeze-poof, broken plate or tile.
The third are tile nippers, use them to nibble off pieces of shards, or to cuta shard into smaller pieces. Place the jaws at the EDGE of the shard, about 1/4 inch in and squeeze. This might help you some....
I hope I guesses right and am not making a big idiot of myself. If I am, well, it wont be the first time! LOL
Here is a link that might be useful: tools
I think you will really like the tile cutter and nippers for your china. I actually cut a plate into strips with it and then use the nippers to cut the strips into tiles.
Here is tutorial on various ways to cut up a plate...everybody does it differently.
The wheeled nippers can help you shape glass with a lot of control and nip tiles as well.
Here is a link that might be useful: Plates tutorial


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17 Red Hot Redheads: Who is Scorching the Small Screen?
Want to know who TV's hottest redheads are? Look no further! We've got your gallery right here at TV Fanatic. Come get a glimpse of these gingers!
Posted in: Photo Galleries
Fringe was created by Lost mastermind J.J. Abrams.
The show combines CSI with The X-Files, as paranormal cases are dealt with on a week-to-week basis.
The series focuses on a research scientist named Walter Bishop, his son Peter Bishop and an FBI agent, Olivia Dunham that brings them all together to solve cases such as the ones mentioned above.
Fringe is one of the highest rated new dramas of 2008.


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VIEWS: 30 PAGES: 9 CATEGORY: Hardware POSTED ON: 1/11/2013
Walking into office, you flash your identification card at the security guard. He engages his face recognition system that identifies you and lets you pass. You later phone your colleague, who engages his voice-identification system to match your voice against an earlier recording, then gives you the information you need. After lunch you mark some bills with your personal bio-identification code and send them to accounts. They use their optical systems to scan your bio-code to clear those bills. In this high security office of the future, biometric systems are the primary means of identity authentication.
Sense And Security Walking into office, you flash your identification card at the security guard. He engages his face recognition system that identifies you and lets you pass. You later phone your colleague, who engages his voice-identification system to match your voice against an earlier recording, then gives you the information you need. After lunch you mark some bills with your personal bio-identification code and send them to accounts. They use their optical systems to scan your bio- code to clear those bills. In this high security office of the future, biometric systems are the primary means of identity authentication. This hi-tech, high-security office of the future exists even today. Everyday, the security guard looks at your face and recognizes you as an employee, your colleague hears your voice on the phone and knows it's you, and your signature assures people that you approve of what the paper says. Biological systems like us use biometrics everyday to identify each other. Now computers are able to do the same. This opens up some significant security enhancements in the public space. For example, passports traditionally have a photograph and some identification marks described in them. Replace this with digital biometric data, and biometric security systems at airports could speed up the checking process many times over, perform more accurate checks, and free up the security personnel for other tasks. Taking this into account, the U.K. government is looking to add fingerprint or iris data to all passports by the year 2006. But that's not all, you can even have your own personal biometric systems that effectively replaces passwords. All the passwords you'll ever need to remember to use with your computer including login, Internet site passwords or e-mail would be hidden away behind your fingerprint. However, it is important to note that these systems work alongside passwords, not instead of them. You still need a login password for identification to let you access your files if the biometric system fails. Web sites currently do not record biometrics; the bundled software will send passwords to the site when you are authenticated via biometrics. So the need for strong passwords doesn't go away. There are dozens of such systems available, and all perform with varying levels of success. Devices like the Sony Notebook Camera Kit let you access the PC only if you show your friendly face and the Digital Persona U. is. U Pro will be happy to see your clean fingers. Could it be magic? Biometrics is essentially the measurement of physiological or behavioral characteristics of a person. It is important to measure biological characteristics that are unique to individuals, difficult to fake, and easy to measure. On this basis, fin - reprints, handprints, voice and face top the easy to measure criteria, while iris and retina scans provide the highest level of unique, hard to fake biometrics. These are all physical characteristics of your body, and therefore a part of who you are. You can be reasonably sure (odds of 1 to a million) that you won't bump into another person with the same characteristics. This is what biometric security banks upon. Biometrics does not guarantee security. It simply offers a more convenient and reliable means of identification and authentication. Identification is a process of recognition and involves taking the biometric data and searching for a match in the database, making it a slower process that is more prone to errors. Authentication involves confirming your identity, and the biometric system has to match your data with only one, single record. Some systems measure things you do, in addition to the things you are. When you type your password to login to your computer, you will notice that your typing has a certain pattern to it. Some letters follow others in quick succession, while others take longer. This pattern is almost a ritual that is very closely repeated every time you type, and is also reasonably unique to you. A software called Bio Password from Net Nanny, retailing for less than $100 (approx.. Rs 5,000), integrates with Windows 2000 and Windows NT login to provide this authentication, without the need for any additional hardware. Depending upon the technique used, biometrics have varying levels of accuracy. Moreover, since the measurements here are of actual people, there can be no predictability of response. The system might let you pass in one attempt on Monday and require five on Tuesday. Biometric systems are unique in the matter of having False Acceptance Rates (FAR)—the probability of the system falsely accepting a metric as a match, and False Rejection Rates (FRR), where the system fails to recognize an authentic bio-signature. Almost all biometrics systems can be adjusted to varying levels of 'strictness' to create a variation in FAR and FRR. Obviously, as the FRR is increased, the FAR goes down, and vice-versa. There are no accepted standards for measuring the accuracy of biometrics on both these criteria, so we often have to rely on manufacturer's own data or the results of studies that often do not agree on the results. Yet, there is a broad consensus on the relative accuracy levels of different biometric techniques. One study sponsored by the British Communications Electronics Security Group last year showed Iris-based identification systems had no false matches in 2.7 million trials, with a false rejection rate of less than 2 per cent in first attempts and zero in three attempts. Face recognition showed false matches of over 10 per cent, and fingerprint systems had false matches of less than 0.5 per cent Common biometrics The idea of a computer looking at a face and recognizing it is inherently enticing. It is the least intrusive method of biometrics. Your face is permanently on display no matter where you go, and measuring this metric is as simple as taking a picture or analyzing the images from a security video camera. A computer analyses the image to locate a 'face' within it, applies algorithms to compensate for factors such as lighting conditions and creates a normalized face image. This image is then compared with an existing database. One technique called the Facet algorithm by Visions works on the assumption that all faces have the same recurring elements that form it. These elements are small and many. The Facet algorithm catalogues a series of such elements in your face, analyzing their occurrence and geometric combinations. The company claims to achieve high levels of accuracy and produce quick search results. Fingerprinting is a common and well-known biometric. You place your finger on a scanner, which uses either optical or electromagnetic means to take its snapshot. While optics may be obscured by dirt on the finger or stains on the scanner surface, electromagnetic sensors take that in their stride and have the additional benefit of being able to detect the difference between live and dead fingers by their difference in capacitance. The software analyses your finger for patterns such as loops, whorls and arches. It takes the sampling of ten to fifteen points on your finger and stores that in an encrypted form. Authentication is a simple matter of comparing the finger you offer with the finger signature stored in the database. The retinal and iris patterns are quite unique to individuals, far more so than any biometric yet devised. If you have ever been for 'computerized' eye testing, you have some idea of how this technology interfaces with users. You need to put your face in front of a camera, and align it carefully to a specific position. A low intensity Infrared beam shines through your eye, hitting the inside surface of the retina and warming it up. When warmed up, the blood vessel pattern shows up more clearly. This is also one of the reasons why movies like 'Demolition Man are a little off-track—you can't rip off someone's eyeball and expect the system to work! The camera takes a snapshot of the retina or iris, and the digitized image is processed by the software. Again, only key points on the retina are stored into the database during enrolment. For authentication, your retinal pattern from these key areas is compared to that stored in the database. Despite the high degree of reliability, iris and retina scans remain the domains of establishments with extreme security requirements. The scanning process is quite cumbersome and requires significant co-operation by the subject. It is also the most intrusive and works with the eye, an organ that most people are quite sensitive about. Putting it to use Fingerprinting is quite convenient to deploy, and is now showing up on an experimental basis in many US supermarkets. Customers are invited to give their credit card information and other personal details to the store, and tie it in with their fingerprint data. The next time, the customer can pay for purchases with just a fingerprint. Convenience is likely to be the main draw for public biometric systems, but with manufacturers also pushing the accuracy of biometrics, applications with higher security requirements are likely to emerge with ATMs being an obvious candidate. Deploying fingerprinting in a corporate environment for either employee attendance or as a security measure is also a growing trend. One Indian manufacturer offers fingerprint terminals for just over Rs 60,000, but there are additional costs involved for either a dedicated computer or Rs 20,000 for a controller. Electronic locks that can be operated by such a device are sold for Rs 4,000 and you also need to factor in the cost of installation and training for all employees who must use the system. Fingerprint scanners for personal computing devices are commonly available for $100 to $150 (between Rs 5,000 to Rs 7,500) with bundled software. Though simple pads like the Sony FIU- 710 are common, they come in many different form factors. Some laptops, like Toshiba's 8200 series, can use PC Card fingerprint readers to provide BIOS level security. The Biolink U-Match Mouse has a thumb scanner located at the thumb rest area of the mouse. The final word Biometrics are going to be on a terminal near you soon enough, but should you blindly trust them? Not really. The propaganda on biometrics would have you believe that it is the definitive answer. Don't. Security is not just about putting big locks on the front door, it also involves making sure all the windows are shut. As a security paranoiac, you will have to use multiple layers of security that include biometrics, smart cards and even the commonplace measure of passwords. Each one can be individually fooled or bypassed, but the combination makes the system more secure as a whole. Biometric data must reside on the same kind of servers and networks that are hacked every day. If credit card numbers can be stolen, why not biometric signatures? Yet, no matter what the security issues, biometrics systems do make ultra cool gizmos.
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Travelling a bit through work and will always throw in a bit of exploring on my own when possible. Usually with camera in hand, food on my mind, and eyes peeled for signs of live bands playing rock, blues, jazz.
Work in a fairly technical field, so can talk about that for hours. Most treasured possession is a map of the world and may break into code language whenever airports come up (well, airport codes).


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new for 2015: sewing II: dress shirt
learn how to make a menswear classic! weekend + weeknight sessions
have you been wanting to learn how to sew but can't make it to the studio on a weeknight or want to learn how to sew, like, yesterday? good news: I've just added an intensive fashion lab: learn-to-sew series that starts on sunday 4/12 at 11am that runs for 4 weeks instead of the usual 7. hope to see you there!
learn how to make a menswear classic! weekend + weeknight sessions
join our mailing list so you'll be among the first to hear about our latest classes and special events.
please add firstname.lastname@example.com to your address book so our newsletters don't come through as spam (as if!) and feel free to tell a friend!
a lively how to and why to sew tutorial that marries attitude and instruction while teaching everything you need to know to sew. includes 10 paper patterns and 25 original designs.
the beginner's guide to transforming any plain piece of fabric or fabric surface into a work of art with embroidery, needlepoint, cross-stitch and more. comes with 50 step-by-step projects, iron-on heat transfers and practice stitch card!


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Listen to free music played by ducks2007
Blip.fm is internet radio made social. It's easy to search for, play, and discover free music recommended by real people. Join today to create your own free station and start listening to @ducks2007.
ducks2007 rb @XYX: "#evening @Alfea@micoy@zoja01 @Carmilla@BlackGuineaPig@HaLaN@die_Kalte@obz @MiguelCabrita@Alvaroxx@Mad_Gautier @Darksheer@IchBin@Skeletons" (reblip)
What other DJs are saying about Pailhead I Will Refuse
Hachimon Pailhead I Will Refuse :)
Hachimon Pailhead I Will Refuse
the_monarch "Murder and weather is our only news, I will refuse"
Hachimon Pailhead I Will Refuse
Hachimon Pailhead I Will Refuse Ministry and Ian MacKaye of FugaziMinor Threat 1987
Bizius Pailhead - I Will Refuse
TheSurlyTMM thanks @DJCZ!
TheSurlyTMM ian mackaye doing industrial... damn skippy!


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Book your room at Residenza Ki - Bed & Breakfast
Triple RoomMax Occupancy: 4 guests (up to 2 infants)
Single RoomMax Occupancy: 1 guest
Double RoomMax Occupancy: 3 guests (up to 1 infant)
Quadruple RoomMax Occupancy: 5 guests (up to 3 infants)
Townhouse accommodation in Rome (Rome Historic Centre) near Roman Forum
Collect 200 points
Simply enter your Nectar card number when prompted. Your points will be credited 30 days after you return from your trip.*Offers may apply
Located in the heart of Rome, this townhouse accommodation is within walking distance of Palazzo Barberini and Trevi Fountain. Also nearby are Roman Forum and Spanish Steps.
Property Features
Residenza Ki - Bed & Breakfast offers a complimentary buffet breakfast. Other amenities include complimentary wireless Internet access, dry cleaning/laundry services, and a computer station.
Room Amenities
Plasma televisions come with satellite channels. Guestrooms also feature complimentary wireless Internet access, air conditioning, and climate control.Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
Guests can enjoy a complimentary breakfast each morning. A computer station is located on site and high-speed wireless Internet access is complimentary. For a surcharge, the property provides a roundtrip airport shuttle (available on request) and a train station pick-up service. This Rome townhouse accommodation also offers tour/ticket assistance, multilingual staff, and concierge services.
Residenza Ki - Bed & Breakfast is a smoke-free property.
- Airport transportation (surcharge)
- Total number of rooms - 10
- Number of floors - 2
- Free breakfast
- Concierge services
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Express check-out
- Front desk (limited hours)
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Computer station
- Luggage storage
- Multilingual staff
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Train station pickup (surcharge)
- Smoke-free property
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
- Free WiFi
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi
Room Amenities
- Soundproofed rooms
- Air conditioning
- Phone
- Daily housekeeping
- Private bathroom
- Free toiletries
- Hair dryer
- Bidet
- Shower only
- Satellite TV service
- Desk
- Cribs/infant beds available
- Blackout drapes/curtains
- Climate control
- Free WiFi
- Plasma TV
Where to Eat
A complimentary buffet breakfast is served each morning between 7:30 AM and 9:30 AM.
Nearby Things to Do
The recreational activities listed below are available either on site or nearby; fees may apply.
- Scooter/moped rentals nearby
Hotel Policies
Check-in time ends at 8 PM
Check-in time starts at 2 PM
Payment types
Pets allowed
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on hotel policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
- No onsite parking is available.
- A tax is imposed by the city: EUR 3.50 per person, per night, up to 10 nights. This tax does not apply to children under 10 years of age.
- Airport shuttle fee: EUR 48 per vehicle (one way)
- Crib (infant bed) fee: EUR 20 per night
We should mention
Cash transactions at this property cannot exceed EUR 999.99, due to national regulations. For further details, please contact the property using information in the booking confirmation. One child 2 years old or younger stays free when occupying the parent or guardian's room, using existing bedding.


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Monte Verde Inn
No availability found through our partners. Please contact the business directly or check some of our recommended alternatives.
TripAdvisor Reviews Monte Verde Inn Foresthill
Travel Blogs from Foresthill
Finally Home after a successful Road Trip
The trip was a great experience. I got to visit some really symbolic places of different states and this has been something I always wanted to do. Had a great time in all of the places, and i learned a lot from this experience. All the mishaps and enjoyable moments i had definitely made me learn life lessons. But God ...
Home sweet home
after a long 3 weeks of constant driving I am finally back home. I have several wild stories to tell about the college visits and of course how I met my beautiful girl friend. it has been a long fun three weeks and I might just have to do this again, but now I will leave with a special person and return with one also. ...
- Today i woke up and embarked on my journey back home.
- Man I can't wait to be home.
- I woke up and went straight home because I knew I couldn't resist my bed.
- I enjoyed all this trip had to offer even all the ups and down I went through.
Lets get on the road
... I stopped at 76 gas station to fill up my tank.
-then I stopped at a safe way near by.
-I bought a case of waters(12), 3 family size bag chips, and some sweet chocolate cooks for my sweet tooth.
-now that I have bought some temporary snacks I am ready to hit the ...
Imperial Manor RV Park
... pistachio trees. We turned south on I-5 and then east on I-80 to our campground in "Citrus Heights", a Passport America campground. Today was a long day on the road, 365 miles that took us 9 hours; it was a long drive because most was on 2 lane roads that wound through and over the mountains. While it was long it was also a drive
through the beautiful country side.


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Re: [S-R] Batovce
Expand Messages
- Thank you John and Frank. If noone is going sooner, I know of someone
who is going in October or November and I will ask them to pick up
some copies.
--- In SLOVAK-ROOTS@y..., frankur@a... wrote:
> The gazetteer is by Milan Majtan and titled " Nazvy obci Slovenskej
> republiky: vyvin v rokoch 1773-1997 ".
> "Names of settlements in Slovakia in last 200 years".
> The book was very successful and all the prints (last year) were
> out in one week !
> He lists and indexes the communities with their German, Hungarian,
> Slovak, Czech, Polish and place names.
> University of Chicago Library :
> Majtan, Milan. Nazvy obci Slovenskej republiky: vyvin v rokoch
> 1773-1997.
> Bratislava: VEDA, 1998. [DB2708.M34 1998 Slavic Reference, Reading
> 2 Regenstein]
> http://www.centroconsult.sk/Genealogy/page12.html
> Periodically new revised editions have been published in Slovakia.
> Cheap trade paperback versions can be picked up in Slovakia.
> However, tried to find a copy even used here in US.
> No luck.
> Suppose it doesn't cost enough for some dealer to charge $ 65 or
> whatever the going price is for hard-to-obtain used books.
> Next time someone travels to Slovakia they should put a number of
> paperback (light weight) copies in their luggage.
> The demand and any going price here should be a good investment on
> trip.
> There is no current offer for any books on the (multinational) Web
> site Offer under Slovakia.
Your message has been successfully submitted and would be delivered to recipients shortly.


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Spring Run is a populated place located in Franklin County at latitude 40.142 and longitude -77.774.
The elevation is 840 feet. Spring Run appears on the Shade Gap U.S. Geological Survey Map. Franklin County is in the Eastern Time Zone (UTC -5 hours).
Franklin County: Cities & Towns | ZIP Codes | Schools | Features (airports, churches, hospitals, etc.)
BIG Map |
Driving Directions |
Data Source - USGS GNIS FID: 1188253
BOUNDARY MAPS: Township of Fannett | Franklin County
Spring Run, PA
(< 0.1 mile)
Dry Run, PA (1.9 miles NNE)
Stony Point, PA (1.9 miles WSW)
Willow Hill, PA (2.4 miles SSW)
Newbridge, PA (2.4 miles E)
Mountain Green, PA
(2.7 miles SW)
Neelyton, PA (2.7 miles WNW)
Laurel Grove, PA (3.4 miles ENE)
Doylestown, PA (4.7 miles NE)
Springtown, PA (4.9 miles SSW)
Decorum, PA
(5.3 miles WSW)
Mentzer, PA (6 miles W)
Maple Grove, PA (8.1 miles SSE)
Amberson Valley Estates, PA (8.7 miles ENE)
Freestone, PA (9.4 miles SSW)
Keefers, PA
(9.8 miles S)
Cheesetown, PA (12.8 miles SSE)
Kensington Heights, PA (12.9 miles SSE)
Hamilton Heights, PA (13.7 miles SSE)
West Hamilton Heights, PA (14 miles SSE)


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Shino Bay Aguilera, DO
Ratings based on 25 reviews
Write a review
Are you a patient of Shino Bay Aguilera, DO?
Reviews (25)
5 out of 5 stars Cellulaze
Cellulaze...Amazed with Shino Bay - Palm Beach, FL
Simple, quick, fun, not what you would expect at a normal doctor but what I have come to expect at Shino Bay
5 out of 5 stars Radiesse
The Best Doctor - Fort Lauderdale, FL
Dr. Shino Bay is not only an experienced artist, but one of the most caring people/ not just DOCTORS that I have ever met! I had seen another (Harvard trained Dr) to get Juvederm in Miami, and was left looking like an abused woman! 2 large green/ grey pockects under my eyes. The previous Dr didn't care or acknowledge. Thank GOD I was referred to Dr. Shino Bay, who is whas the title of "master injecter". Know I know why. He carefully dissolved the juvederm under my tear troughs, and then used his own special methedrine of reconstructing my loose skin, as well as having me come to his office several times to make sure the "process" was coming along well. He took extra time to answer all questions- and I had very many! He truly, truly cared! And you'd think for his skills. And beautiful office right on Las Olas in Lauderdale he'd be way overpriced. NOT the case!! He is worth it in every way! I should also mention, that his staff from reception, to the nurses couldn't make mr feel more at home! I will Never go to anywhere else! Thank you Dr. Shino Bay for bringing mr back to life, and making me believe that there really are doctors that care more about their patients happiness than the pretty penny!
5 out of 5 stars Juvederm
Kissable Lips - Fort Lauderdale, FL
Dr. Aguilera has a great reputation with many happy patients with fantastic results - so, I decided to give him a try. He has a great bedside manner, very caring, explained exactly what he was going to do and why. Dawn was awesome too! They made me feel like I was family and they really cared about me and my aesthetic outcome.
5 out of 5 stars
The Best of The Best - Fort Lauderdale, FL
Just about four years ago, after a particularly long struggle with breast cancer, I decided I wanted a little freshening up, and so I went about the business of finding a capable dermatologist. I went about this in the same way I researched my oncologist and my surgeon, I asked other woman I knew, as well as other medical professionals, and I often heard the same recommendation: Dr. A. From the first time I met him, I understood why he came so highly recommended, his offices were beautiful, but it was his attitude and the time he took with me that immediately made me feel comfortable with him. I had a laundry list of procedures I wanted at that time, but he knew what I ultimately wanted and so rather than just do what would have cost a great deal more, I trusted him and proceeded to have first some Botox, then we did Sculptra, and finally a CO2 lazier peel. First, let me say this, I have had other doctors inject Botox before, but he really is an artist with the needle! Wrinkles were gone, but my eyes looked "lifted", I didn't look frozen but well rested. I have been so happy with the Sculptra, I think it has made a huge difference in my appearance, as just as Dr. A told me it would, it proceeded to get better with time. As for the peel, I've just had him do another one year later. I have recommended Dr. A to all of my friends and family that are looking for a cosmetic dermatologist, in fact my Mother and several of my friends now swear by him too. This is a talented, warm, extremely caring doctor that I will always trust, again and again. Also, his office staff, especially Dawn whom I have known since my first visit, are wonderful people as well. Anytime I have had questions or concerns, I've only to pick up the phone and I know they will make themselves available when I need them.
5 out of 5 stars
Rosacea and Sculptra - Fort Lauderdale, FL
Dr. A is a phenomenal doctor! I initially went to him for medical treatment for my chronic rosacea. I have seen a 99% improvement thanks to his work using the Cynergy laser. This treatment also improved and smoothed my overall complexion. I was so pleased with Dr. A's successful treatment of my rosacea that I felt comfortable enough to try Sculptra for the parenthesis lines around my mouth; and in my temple area to help lift my eyes. His work is like that of an artist, very delicate and individualized; personalized for your face. The Sculptra looks so wonderful and natural. It is a gradual improvement each week you just look better and better. He is very skilled, professional and compassionate. I would highly recommend his practice.
5 out of 5 stars
Lourdes from South Florida
He is very professional and treats you with extreme care. Not only that, but he also is very patient with his procedures and makes sure that are completely satisfied. I recommend him to all my friends, and especially those of us who aren't getting any younger.
5 out of 5 stars
One of Top 3 Sculptra Injectors in USA and Spectacular! - Fort Lauderdale, FL
I have been a patient of Dr. A's for many years. First of all he is a dermatologic Surgeon which to me is the best specialty to address all things skin and laser related! He has all of the best knowhow, lotions and potions to address any issues that arise as well as a plethora of very high end lasers and cosmetic technologies to fix, adjust and maximize results! I have never seen so much technology in any other office. He is superbly credentialed and experienced. This doctor is for sure one of the top Aesthetic Physicians in the USA because he is a perfectionist artist with all fillers and injectables and a master of (I believe 15 or so) lasers. His results are NATURAL LOOKING! I look like ME but YOUNG AGAIN! God bless you Dr A as I now look as young as I feel and everyone I tell now comes to you! I used to live in Beverly Hills and he is better then anyone I used there with a far..... better bedside manner. Everything in that world class , super high tech luxurious office screams "1st Class and state of the art"! Just like the best restaurants, this place is always packed because they are amazing there! I love the attentive staff, the easy upstairs parking but most importantly, I am 50 years old and look 28! I look an easy 20 years younger then my little brother who is 8 years younger then me! Starbucks right next door, YOLO restaurant across the street! Going there is always a treat for me and I leave smiling every time! I just booked for some new procedure called the Nefertitti neck lift for my turkey neck starting to form (oh oh!). He always offers the latest and greatest effective procedures! I have done everything he has recommended and look amazing! Anyone missing this doctors artistry is missing out on being young again! "Hey, Ponce de Leon, I finally found the fountain of Youth It is Shino bay Cosmetic Dermatology & Laser Institute:"! I am a patient for life! Much Love!
5 out of 5 stars
Phenomenal Doctor Who Truly Cares and Provides Results for His Patients!
I highly recommend Dr. Aguilera as a Dermatologist and Cosmetic Specialist. I have been seeing him as a patient since 2008 and have found him to be an "aesthetic artist" whose passion has helped restore and preserve the health of my skin. He is truly a man of heart and soul with knowledge, compassion and patience coupled with a conservative approach to always creating the most natural look as possible. I am 50 and want to age gracefully so looking "natural" is optimal. The staff is always personable, informative and willing to help in any way they can. I really appreciate Dr. A's quick responsiveness to my inquiries and assertiveness in getting me the results I want. For these reasons and more, I have and will continue to refer my friends, family and colleagues. Thank you Dr. A, and staff, for taking such wonderful care of me on a consistent basis! I will be your forever patient! Rene' from Boca Raton, FL
5 out of 5 stars
Best Derm in Fort Lauderdale, FL
I have been seeing Dr. A for over 3 years now. He has treated me medically and cosmetically. After seeing various dermatologists, Dr. A has been the only doctor to get my eczema under control. I had considered fillers before but never felt comfortable enough to have it done, until I met Dr. A. His excellent bedside manners and attention to detail put me at so much ease that I was glad I waited to have him treat me. Dr. A makes you feel like your the only patient there. He definitely has a life-time patient and I look forwarded to growing old gracefully with his help and expertise. I would recommend Dr. A to anyone who is considering a cosmetic procedure. I would also like to complement the friendly staff at the office. From the moment you walk into the office, you are made to feel right at home.
5 out of 5 stars
True Artist - Fort Lauderdale, FL
I have known Dr. A since he was an intern. He has become a true artist in the field of dermatology. I highly recomend him to all my friends!!! He is amazing with skin care and any skin issues
About Shino Bay Aguilera, DO
Shino Bay Aguilera, DO practices in Fort Lauderdale at Shino Bay Cosmetic Dermatology, Plastic Surgery & Laser Institute as a Dermatologic Surgeon, board certified by American Osteopathic Board of Dermatology. Dr. Aguilera began participating on RealSelf in 2008, and has achieved "Participating Member" status. The doctor has 18 years of experience providing cosmetic and aesthetic medical services, and is a member of American Academy of Dermatology (AAD), American Osteopathic Association (AOA), American Society of Dermatologic Surgery (ASDS) and Fellow, American Osteopathic College of Dermatology (FAOCD). Dr. Aguilera has hospital affiliations at Broward General.
Consultation Fee
Treatments offered at Shino Bay Cosmetic Dermatology, Plastic Surgery & Laser Institute
- Fraxel Repair
- FUE Hair Transplant
- GentleLase
- Glycolic Peel
- Hair Loss Treatment
- Hair Transplant
- Hyaluronidase
- Hyperhidrosis Treatment
- Juvederm
- Laser Genesis
- Laser Hair Removal
- Laser Liposuction
- Laser Peel
- Laser Resurfacing
- Laser Surgery
- Laser Treatment
- Latisse
- LED Skin Treatment
- Lightsheer Laser
- Lip Augmentation
- Liquid Facelift
- Melasma Treatment
- Microdermabrasion
- Mole Removal
- NeoGraft
- Non Surgical Face Lift
- Non Surgical Nose Job
- Pelleve
- Perlane
- Permanent Makeup
- Phenol Peel
- Photodynamic Therapy
- Photofacial
- PicoSure
- Prevelle
- ProFractional Laser
- Pulsed Dye Laser
- Radiesse
- Restylane
- Restylane Silk
- Rosacea Treatment
- Scar Removal
- Scars Treatment
- Sclerotherapy
- Sculptra
Education / Training
Medical: Western University of Health Sciences School of Medicine
There is no recent activity.


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Christopher Nolan Featured Filmmaker for Walker Dialogue and Retrospective Series 2015
Each year, the Walker Art Center selects a director of note for its Walker Dialogue and Retrospective Series, and hosts a variety of screenings and talks celebrating the artist. Past talents have included Ang Lee, Joel and Ethan Coen, Steve McQueen, and Jodie Foster.
Director Christopher Nolan on set. Christopher Nolan's Interstellar, 2014. Photo courtesy Photofest ©Paramount Pictures.
This year's featured artist is Christopher Nolan, a filmmaker known for the intense performances he gets from his stars, as well as his mind-fuck storytelling and dark summer blockbusters. His movies include Inception, The Prestige, Interstellar, and the most recent Batman reboot.
Before the screenings start up, Nolan will be in town May 5 to chat about his work with Variety chief film critic Scott Foundas.
So what movies are screening? The lineup looks pretty awesome. Take a look:


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Coral Springs
Truck Slams Into Pastor's Coral Springs Home
A truck slammed into a Coral Springs home Tuesday morning leaving a busted in bedroom wall and a mattress covered in chunks of concrete.
Two Hospitalized In Margate Fire
A fire ripped through a Margate home, sending two to the hospital.
Nearly A Dozen Displaced After Coral Springs Apartment Fire
Close to a dozen people have been displaced after a fire ripped through their Coral Springs apartment.
FBI Releases Pictures Of Coral Springs Bank Robber
The FBI is looking for a man who robbed a Miami bank Wednesday morning and walked away with the stolen cash.
Coral Springs Masseur Found Guilty Of Sexual Battery
A jury found a Coral Springs massage therapist guilty of two counts of sexual battery after deliberating for just an hour and a half.
Police Searching For Coral Springs Bank Robber
Coral Springs Police are searching for man who they say robbed a bank on Tuesday morning.
Scott's Bus Tour Continues With Big Name Politicians
Gov. Rick Scott continued his Get Out the Early Vote bus tour on Friday, which included some big name Republican politicians.
Police Pursuit Ends With Crash In Tamarac
Police in Coral Springs caught up with a man they believe was trying to break into a business and then led fled from police in an SUV.
Police Patrols Upped At Taravella H.S. After Fires, Fights & Online Threats
School leaders met with parents Thursday about activity at J.P. Taravella High School that started with fires on the property earlier in the week.
Panthers Trade Joey Crabb To Rangers
The Florida Panthers traded forward Joey Crabb to the New York Rangers on Monday in a move that will provide more depth at both forward and defenseman.


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Carnival magic internet
For those that care, I just got on the Magic today, 10/7, and they have the unlimited internet for the week for $99.00 at high speed and unlimited internet for the week for $49.00 at regular cruising speed. I think it is $29.00 for the day if you want for just one day. The high speed is not like home, but much faster than you are used to on a cruise.:-P
That does sound like a good deal, even if it is half way quick? Heck, for just $99.00 for the whole week, sweet!
That's sounds great! Having to stay in touch with clients, I usually run up an internet bill at least double that during a 7-night cruise. I wish all the cruise lines would offer something like that. And to make it high speed, makes it even better.
Thanks for the information!!
The Carnival Magic is the test ship for the program. I hope they keep it.:cool:
Thanks for the information Sulross.
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Robert Higgs: The Welfare State
Recorded: Tuesday, June 17, 2014
Robert Higgs discusses the rise of the welfare state in the United States.
For information on The Challenge of Liberty Summer Seminar, click here.
Experts: Robert HiggsType: Challenge of Liberty SeminarsIssues: Bureaucracy and Government, Corporate Welfare, Economic History and Development (International), Economic History and Development (U.S.), Economic Policy, Free Market Economics, Government Power, Government Waste/Pork, History (U.S), Labor and Employment, Political Ideology and Philosophy, Regulation and Deregulation, Social Security, Welfare
New MyGovCost App Demo!
Recorded: Friday, June 13, 2014
How much Washingtons spending is costing YOU? Enter your age, income, and education level and the calculator shows exactly what youre paying for national defense, welfare, education, national debt, and more even federal programs, as well as the entire federal budget.
Along with the calculator, the free MyGovCost iPhone and iPad mobile application contains blogs, Op-Eds, videos, and news from The Independent Institute and MyGovCost.org.
Experts: Lawrence J. McQuillanType: Independent Institute TVIssues: Bureaucracy and Government, Business, Culture/ Society, Economic History and Development (U.S.), Economic Policy, Economists, Fiscal Policy/Debt, Free Market Economics, Government Waste/Pork, Labor and Employment
Ivan Eland on Talibans POW Exchange
Recorded: Saturday, May 31, 2014
Sr. Fellow Ivan Eland appears on Canadas CTV to analyze the recent exchange of an American Prisoner of War for five Taliban leaders held in Guantanamo Bay detention camp.
Experts: Ivan ElandType: TelevisionIssues: Civil Liberties/ Human Rights, Defense and Foreign Policy, Freedom, History (U.S), Politics, Terrorism and National Crises
Ivan Eland on FSN Radio: Americas Presidents & Foreign Policy
Recorded: Thursday, May 15, 2014
Sr. Fellow Ivan Eland appears on The Financial Survival Network with host Kerry Lutz to talk about his book Recarving Rushmore which will be updated in the fall of 2014. The book ranks U.S. Presidents on issues of peace, prosperity, and liberty.
Experts: Ivan ElandType: RadioIssues: Diplomacy and Foreign Aid, Economic Policy, Government Power, History (International), History (U.S), Political Ideology and Philosophy, Politics, Terrorism and National Crises
Ivan Eland: Obama Calls for United Front Against Russia
Recorded: Thursday, April 24, 2014
Ivan Eland, Senior Fellow at the Independent Institute, appears on CTV to discuss Obama's call for a united front against Russia in response to instability in Ukraine.
Experts: Ivan ElandType: TelevisionIssues: Bureaucracy and Government, Civil Liberties/ Human Rights, Defense and Foreign Policy, Government Power, Nationalism, Politics, Terrorism and National Crises, Trade
The War on Everything
Recorded: Monday, April 14, 2014
Research Fellow Anthony Gregory, author of "The Power of Habeas Corpus in America,"
discusses how politicians love to declare war on social and economic issues, and how these "wars" only manage to increase government power while reducing liberty.
Experts: Anthony GregoryType: Independent Institute TVIssues: Bureaucracy and Government, Civil Liberties/ Human Rights, Constitutional Law, Criminal Justice/ Prisons, Free Speech, Freedom, Government Power, Government Secrecy, History (U.S), Immigration, Law Enforcement, Regulation and Deregulation, Terrorism and National Crises
Ron Paul: All You Have To Do Is Scare Them
Recorded: Wednesday, April 9, 2014
April 9, 2014
In this clip from "Ron Paul: Liberty Defined," Dr. Paul talks about how governments instill fear in populations through propaganda.
Experts: Ron PaulType: Independent Institute EventIssues: Bureaucracy and Government, Civil Liberties/ Human Rights, Constitutional Law, Democracy, Freedom, Government Power, Government Secrecy, Politics, Terrorism and National Crises
Dr. Ron Paul Liberty Defined: The Future of Freedom
Recorded: Wednesday, April 9, 2014
Ron Paul, the former 12-term Congressman and Presidential candidate,
takes a candid look at Americas increasingly dysfunctional political
system. Drawing on his 24 years in Congress, he highlights the need
to rein in unchecked government power. The author of numerous
#1 New York Times bestselling books, Dr. Paul is a leading advocate for individual liberty, privacy, limited constitutional government, low taxes
and spending, free markets, restrained foreign policy, and sound money.
Experts: Ron PaulType: Independent Institute EventIssues: Civil Liberties/ Human Rights, Defense and Foreign Policy, Economic History and Development (U.S.), Free Market Economics, Government Waste/Pork, Political Ideology and Philosophy, Privatization


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Jaguar Repair in Hicksville
We found 56 Jaguar service shops and mechanics in Hicksville.
7 are RepairPal Certified.
Goodyear Auto Service Center
3181 Hempstead Tpke(516) 209-4736
Levittown, NY 11756Map & directions
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TLC Auto & Truck Service Center
230 Route 109(631) 830-4222
Farmingdale, NY 11735Map & directions
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Floral Park Gas & Auto Repair
286 Jericho Turnpike(917) 633-7876
Floral Park, NY 11001Map & directions
"They are reliable, and I felt that I was well taken care of." - Gerard, Floral Park, NYSee more real customer reviews
Oakwood Car Care & Tire Center
733 Park Ave(631) 721-4858
Huntington, NY 11743Map & directions
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Holms Service Station
1776 Merrick Ave N(516) 272-4216
Merrick, NY 11566Map & directions
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Star Transmissions
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Carolina Panthers give big Canadian OT a long look
For the second year, the Carolina Panthers have landed a big hog molly from Canadian waters.
David Foucault, a 6-foot-8, 320-pound offensive tackle from the University of Montreal, is expected to sign with the Panthers on Monday after impressing as a tryout player during the two-day, rookie minicamp that wrapped up Saturday.
Foucault will become the second Canadian lineman in as many years to join the Panthers after coming to rookie camp without a contract. Defensive tackle Linden Gaydosh signed with Carolina last May, but spent the 2013 season on injured reserve after injuring his back during training camp.
Gaydosh was the No. 1 overall pick in the Canadian Football League draft last year before signing with the Panthers. Foucault went No. 5 overall this year to the Montreal Alouettes.
Panthers general manager Dave Gettleman jokingly said he invited Gaydosh and Foucault to the minicamps so they'd bring along Canadian beer. In actuality, pro scouting director Mark Koncz has developed contacts in Canada and liked what he saw in Gaydosh and Foucault.
The French-speaking Foucault has good size, but is also athletic. Like many Canadians, Foucault grew up playing hockey but dropped the sport in favor of football when he was 13.
"I played one year with both sports, but it's too tough. I missed some practice in hockey, missed some practice in football and I (made) a choice," Foucault said after Saturday's practice. "I'm very glad to have my choice (be) football."
Foucault, 25, nearly came to North Carolina for football several years ago after committing to East Carolina. But after an issue with the NCAA Clearinghouse, Foucault decided to stay closer to home and play for the University of Montreal.
Foucault initially played right guard before moving to left tackle. Besides learning the nuances of pass-blocking, Foucault's English also improved in college.
"Our coach's first language is English," Foucault said. "When he's angry he talks in English."
Foucault said he doesn't think any offensive line calls will get lost in translation: All of his college's play calls were in English.
Panthers coach Ron Rivera said he saw Foucault learn quickly this weekend while working with assistant offensive line coach Ray Brown.
"What's really nice is (when) coach Brown started trying to get him to understand certain techniques and the way we do things here – it's a little bit different obviously – he seemed to be able to pick those things up," Rivera said. "So that was pleasing."
Rivera gave a brief scouting report on Foucault: long arms, athletic, nice accent.
Foucault also has athletic bloodlines. His cousin, Joel Perrault, was a fifth-round pick of the Anaheim Ducks who spent parts of six seasons in the NHL.
Foucault chose a different path, and has realized his goal of making it to the NFL. Now he'll try to stick with the Panthers, who are looking for a replacement for left tackle Jordan Gross.
Foucault's a long shot to get in the conversation in the left tackle competition. But the Panthers are interested.
"He's a young man that's very intriguing for us. He'll have a chance. He'll have an opportunity," Rivera said. "The more experience he gets, I think the better he can become because he is very athletic. So we'll see."
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Have Your Bachelor Party At Auschwitz 10
from the baddest-of-bad-taste dept.
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text: I'm not the overly religious type ... but after reading this I don't understand how Obam can call himself a Catholic ... he must have his own version. He is the #1 most pro-abortion senator in D.C. according to the pro abortion people. Why this is an issue is because his platform is trying to appease voters who do not like McCain and are looking for a reason to vote for Obama. For many women ... his pro-abortion stance is all that stands in their way. Here is the bit on the the platforms stance:


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Molly Johnson Stracuzzi: Make a roll of cloth towels to replace your paper towels ones
I came across a statistic that the average American family uses between 1.5 and two rolls of paper towels every week.
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DIPLOMATS HURRY to construct the framework of a permanent agreement on the status of Iran's nuclear program before a late-night deadline, but gaps remain on issues like uranium enrichment and when to lift sanctions imposed by the UN.
O'Reilly Factor
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Sign in to digital edition
Tuesday 31 Mar 2015
By Javier Pes. Web onlyPublished online: 01 April 2014
The Guggenheim and its Finnish partners are due to launch an international competition on 4 June to find an architect to design a Helsinki satellite, a spokeswoman for the New York foundation confirms. Last week, representatives from the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation travelled to the Finnish capital to discuss details of the open competition. A job advertisement also appeared last week for a New York-based co-ordinator for the Helsinki branch which, subject to funding and political support, would be built in the city's South Harbour.
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A revised plan published at the end of last year proposed a Guggenheim in Helsinki that would be a collecting institution with a focus on Nordic and international architecture and design, and their connection to contemporary art. An initial proposal for a kunsthalle was narrowly voted down by the city's councillors in 2012, despite the enthusiastic backing of Helsinki's mayor Jussi Pajunen.The architectural competition is being co-organised with the Finnish Association of Architects and has been partly sponsored by the Swedish Cultural Foundation in Finland. It also has the support of the City of Helsinki and the Finnish government, local media reports.In January, the Guggenheim announced that a decision to go ahead with the project would be taken after the architectural competition is completed.
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I'm trying to create a view to limit the options available to a user for a CCK NodeReference field. I want to pass the current user's ID as an argument to the view that selects the options for the CCK NodeReference field. Basically when the user creates a new item, I only want them to be able to reference a node which they created (not someone else's node). I've got a view set up that accepts a user ID as an argument, but how do I pass the current user's ID to the view from the CCK NodeReference field?
Thanks in advance!!!


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Happy Climbing isn't happy
Does anyone grow this rose with success? I can't remember now why I ordered it, but it apparently wasn't because someone nearby was growing it successfully. It hasn't grown much, the foliage looks awful, and it hasn't bloomed at all. It also has dead canes for no apparent reason. It's been in the ground about a year and a half.
If anyone grows it successfully, please tell me what makes Happy happy.
This is strongly multiflora. Does it look chlorotic? Check the pH of your soil and take appropriate steps to acidify. If it's too alkaline, the plant won't have enough iron and nitrogen. Polys are multiflora based and those very close to the species can suffer greatly from insufficient iron and nitrogen. Mine complained bitterly until I hit it with Miracid and Ironite. Kim
Thanks Seil and Kim. Seil, I don't really expect much out of any rose for two or three years, but this one is miserable looking. I planted several noisettes, a climbing Pinkie and Crepuscule on the same day and they look wonderful and are very healthy.
Kim, I think you have hit the nail on the head. My soil is very alkaline sand, and although I use huge amounts of home grown horse manure in planting and as a mulch, my soil still remains for the most part around 7 which I think is considered neutral. I will check the soil around Happy and see if I can make him happier.
You're welcome. I had the issue with Cl Happy and one of my two Doc plants right now. They aren't but a foot or so apart but that's all it takes to make a difference. Right across the path is Bashful, which looks much more multiflora than Doc or Happy, but it doesn't seem to care about the soil and water as it remains deep green. Another case for budding roses on a common, suitable root stock. Had they all the same roots under them, individual plants wouldn't be as "miffy" as we're finding them to be about alkalinity. Kim
Well, at least your CL Happy wasn't dug up by one of your dogs this week like mine was :( I spent all this season finding and ordering the 7 dwarfs and Snow White (well I actually ended up woth White Koster...but close enough) I wasn't able to find Happy, so I settled on a one gallon CL Happy. No sooner did I get him in the ground and finish off my 7 dwarfs flowerbed, when my 9 month old cattle dog dug him up and apparently ate him...because there is no sign of him anywhere! So next year, I'm on the hunt again :)
I would offer you cuttings of Cl Happy, but in the latest round of downsizing, that is one which went to live in the mountains north of me. I know it roots EXTREMELY easily. Perhaps someone here growing it will offer you cuttings? I still have Doc and Bashful as they are the more disease resistant and longest flowering of the bunch here. The major down side of the 7 Dwarfs is they begin flowering late for our growing season and finish earlier than other polys, which is probably why they're so cold tolerant. Kim
Thanks Kim, He's an odd dog...never bothers with any of my roses except once in a blue moon he'll turn into a typical puppy and do something like that! However, for whatever reason he also likes the buds on Comtesse Vandal! I haven't been able to get a bloom on her all season. Maybe she'll be relocated to the front yard in the spring :)
They may have been confused at one point, but once you've seen the two, it's quite easy to determine which you have. Dopey is a dull, deeper red. It holds the petals FOREVER until they turn quite green. This was in my Newhall garden with high heat. Happy is a much brighter reddish orange, drops its petals more cleanly and never, in my experience, turns green with age. Dopey is good enough at turning green as it holds forever, I've frequently thought it would be beneficial in breeding for green. Happy sported to a climbing form. Dopey hasn't. Of course they're all going to resemble each other in quite a few traits as five of them are Robin Hood seedlings, some probable selfs, others with known pollen parents. Kim
Well, Kim, I think it's trying to be a climber. It's such a miserable little bush I'm not sure. The canes are longish, but they are very stiff, and a few have died for no apparent reason.
Mendicino Rose, I forgot to mention I snorted Diet Coke up my nose when I first read your post. I had never read that before about Happy being confused with Dopey, and I thought you were being funny.
I was sort of meaning to be funny. It's true though this man telling us it was Dopey. I can't remember his name or why he was sure about the name of the rose. I'm growing Climbing Happy. I had two plants. One has done wonderfully and the other I got rid of because it never did well.
I can send cuttings in the spring, hopefully. My Happy Cl isn't doing so well, either. My dog pulled it up too!
I'm confident he'll pull through because it was quick and it's been a while now.
Happy was a vigorous grower after a while when I first got him. Then I moved him and he didn't like that at all. Then the dog, lol.
It really did take over two years before he looked happy at all, though. How ironic! Ha! But he did great after he got those roots down. I bet he'll do it again. I hope yours settles in, florida.
Feel free, anyone, to contact me about cuttings next year :) *crosses fingers*
Wonderful! I'm excited so many are willing to engage in cutting exchanges! Thank you! We ARE in the "Dark Days" of rosedom. Too many nurseries are gone with more to follow. This is the way to keep these roses around until things improve and the next generation of rose lovers come around to find them.
I would have LOVED to have been able to maintain Cl. Happy and all the others which went to a better home with lagomorphmom, but she's seen this hill. There just ain't no way! It's a gorgeous rose. Use it like a smaller, repeat flowering rambler. It would be beautiful on a white picket fence or over a garden arch. Kim
It is really beautiful, and it bloomed very well until I made him mad at me :)
The color is just gorgeous. A picket fence would look superb with Happy on it!
If you want to check what I have available in regard to clippings my plants are on HMF under Tammy's Tennessee Garden...it should be up to date, but about 1/3 are too small to take cuttings off of until later next summer when they grow a bit :)


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A J2EE servlet filter which compresses data written to the response. It supports several algorithms (gzip, deflate, etc.) and emphasizes minimal memory usage and high throughput. Also provides detailed performance stats. Feel free to fork pjl-comp-filter on Github: https://github.com/nbartels/pjl-comp-filter9 weekly downloads
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NTLM is a authentication method used by Microsoft IIS and Internet Explorer. This modules is implementing NTLM for Apache 1.3.9 and Apache 2.0.13 weekly downloads
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httpdbg is an HTTP proxy server which is single-threaded and prints every HTTP request and response to a log file as well as to stdout. It effectively single-threads your browser, which can help in debugging race conditions.7 weekly downloads
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"English Urdu Dictionary" or "English to Urdu Dictionary" is first online free english to urdu words meaning dictionary that offers clearly visible urdu font better than Noori Nastaliq along with bold english letters. This dictionary is popular among people all over the world who want to learn english in urdu. English Urdu Dictionary is not only the alternate for English Dictionary but also gives the facility of English Translation and it is your best choice as compared to old fashioned printed dictionaries that are static and don't have the power of change while Online English to Urdu Dictionary is really dynamic and changing day by day as our staff is working on it and daily new words are added in its database.
Decentralization Meaning in Urdu: کمی اقتدار مرکزيت ٬ کمی اختيارات ٬ مرکزيت
|Words Matching "Decentralization"
This dictionary can be opened at mobiles having net connections. You can enjoy its english to urdu meanings if you have internet facility in your mobile. This is the era of mobile and nearly 80% Pakistanis have mobile connection and of course, younger generation has wap too in their mobiles. Now in Pakistan there is a 3g and 4g internet connections at mobiles. So people of Pakistan can also find urdu meaning of difficult english words using their mobile internet. Englishurdudictionary.pk is very light and its page is as simple as it can easily be opened using mobile net connection. That is the reason it is bookmarked by mobile users for daily english to urdu words meaning at a single click.
English to Urdu Dictionay OnlineWords Being Searched Now at English Urdu Dictionary
Decentralization Meaning, Rationale Meaning, Descendant Meaning, Serum Meaning, Outclass Meaning, Balaclava Meaning, Dorsal Meaning, Paralysis Meaning, Keyword Meaning, Motion Meaning,


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DEFINITION of 'F. Duane Ackerman'
The former CEO of BellSouth from 1997 to 2006 and chairman from 1998 to 2006. F. Duane Ackerman led the company through the deregulation of the telephone industry, helped it expand its international presence and oversaw its 2006 merger with AT&T.
INVESTOPEDIA EXPLAINS 'F. Duane Ackerman'
Ackerman joined the company in the customer service department in 1964. Born in Florida in 1942, he earned his MBA from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Ackerman has also served as a member of the board for Allstate, the United Parcel Service and Home Depot.
Atlanta-based BellSouth became a part of AT&T after a merger in late 2006 and stopped doing business as BellSouth in mid 2007. It was one of the "Baby Bells" formed after the 1984 breakup of AT&T forced by the U.S. Justice Department's antitrust lawsuit.
ChairmanAn executive elected by a company's board of directors that is ...
C-SuiteA widely-used slang term used to collectively refer to a corporation's ...
Chief Executive Officer - CEOThe highest ranking executive in a company whose main responsibilities ...
AntitrustThe antitrust laws apply to virtually all industries and to every ...
Baby BellsA common nickname given to the U.S. regional telephone companies ...
Chief Financial Officer - CFOThe senior manager responsible for overseeing the financial activities ...
What is an antitrust law?Antitrust laws - also referred to as "competition laws" - are statutes developed by the U.S. Government to protect consumers ... Read Full Answer >>
What is a baby bell?In 1982, AT&T agreed to settle the Justice Department's anti-trust action by breaking itself into seven Regional Bell ... Read Full Answer >>
Why was Microsoft subject to antitrust charges in 1998?On May 18, 1998, the Department of Justice filed antitrust charges against Microsoft (Nasdaq:MSFT ). The charges were brought ... Read Full Answer >>
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10 Hottest Startups In 2015Check out these 10 hot startup companies that will rock the world in 2015.


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enLIGHTen: IES International Year of Light Photo Contest 2015
In celebration of 2015 as the International Year of Light as proclaimed by UNESCO, the Emerging Professionals of IES (Illuminating Engineering Society) are giving you a reason to share your love for lighting for the next 6 months. Every month we will announce a "Theme of the Month" to which you will post "lighting" photos related to the chosen theme. You can post as many photos as you wish and at the end of each month, for bragging rights only, we will announce our favourite photo of the month. In August, a group of industry professional judges will select the top 3 entrants based on their photo originality, uniqueness, relevance to the theme of the month, activity and interaction with the public.
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2015 Call For Entries - Grant proposals must be submitted by June 30, 2015.
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This Regional Award shall be given in recognition of meritorious technical achievement that has furthered the profession, art or knowledge of illuminating engineering. Accomplishments shall be in the field of engineering, design, applied illumination, optics, ophthalmology, lighting, research or education.
Associate Member, or Member in good standing of IES for a minimum of three(3) years.
NOTE: This award does not imply qualification for Fellow nor is it required o qualify for nomination to Fellow.
Must have met either the educational requirements (or) the scientific requirements as outlined below.
Have taught at least three (3) years continuous at a two year or higher college or university, a complete illuminating engineering course (including lighting design), or have taught a complete IES sponsored lighting course at least five times. This could be the same course such as an ED Series or a special seminar series or several courses such as ED-50, ED-100, etc. as long as they total five (complete course).
Must have made significant scientific or aesthetic contributions to the field of illumination. This may be in the form of publications, presentations or design recognition. Meeting any one of the following criteria will qualify:
The Award is an engraved plaque issued through the IES office. These awards shall be presented at the region's discretion. The cost of this award is the responsibility of the region in which it is given.


text: New submission from Robert Scrimo <whistler11783@...>: __run__.py script at root level of myscript.jar(copy of jython.jar): -- __run__.py -- import sys sys.exit(0) -- __run__.py -- # java org.python.util.jython -jar myscript.jar Upon executing the sys.exit(0) call(last line in script) in my main I recieve the following exception: Exception in thread "main" Traceback (most recent call last): File "__run__", line 2, in SystemExit: 0 # echo $? 1 The script exit code is set to a 1 because an SystemExit exception is thrown which is expected at exit if it is unhandled but I am calling sys.exit(0) to set the exit code to 0 and in the main(top level) it should not be throwing or at least propagating the exception upon termination. This behaviour does not occur when executing this same script outside of the .jar(not as __run__.py) # /jython2.5.0/jython myscript.py # echo $? 0 This is the correct behavior ---------- components: Core messages: 4916 nosy: whistler11783 severity: major status: open title: Executing __run__.py from .jar throws exception(SystemExit: 0) in main when sys.exit(0) is called type: behaviour versions: 2.5.0 _______________________________________ Jython tracker <report@...> <http://bugs.jython.org/issue1405> _______________________________________