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March 6, 1962 B. v. STILLER 3,023,851
ELECTRONIC MARKETING SYSTEM AND APPARATUS Original Filed May 51, 1952 '7 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN V EN TOR.
March 6, 1962 B. v. STILLER 3,023,851
ELECTRONIC MARKETING SYSTEM AND APPARATUS Original Filed May 31, 1952 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 I Pl/LS/NGRELAY/ sup /Mum. 11 48 MOTOR 50 115% DC F Ancr 2 IRLG. OUTPUT ADJUSTMENTS SIGNAL LEI/El. I
March 6, 1962 B. V. STl LLER Original Filed May 31, 1952 '7 Sheets-Sheet 3 5/1 sPsr RELAYS l %4 4 h 5 fin NEON 2-J0 P G INPUTAOJ. m FREQ. ADJ ams ADJ. 15 5 %\@15 S d 1 Uzi. #5178 [RAISE MAGNET g T. START/N6 3 137 mm WH- EIE M g s;:;7:;/ 3 SWITCH & WWW ,65 E
1 g4 CASH/ER DESK 150 fag/ .3.
7 March 6, 1962 B. v. STILLER 3,023,851
ELECTRONIC MARKETING SYSTEM AND APPARATUS Original Filed May 31, 1952 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 o PRICING o PANEL OOOOOO F'ILIER RELAY Bruno (522716? BY March 6, 1962 B. v. sTlLLER 3,023,851
ELECTRONIC MARKETING SYSTEM AND APPARATUS Original Filed May 51. 1952 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 13 Q 0 O (iffy,
March 6, 1962 B. v. STILLER 3,023,851
ELECTRONIC MARKETING SYSTEM AND APPARATUS Original Filed May 31, 1952 '7 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR.
,Bram'; Z Siz'ller March 6, 1962 3 v, $T|| ER 3,023,851
ELECTRONIC MARKETING SYSTEM AND APPARATUS Original Filed May 51, 1952 7 Sheets-Sheet '7 ZL f 5 Q 422 /48 78 23 102 cf JIO F 16:
1 INVENTOR. "B77020 Z/SQZ'ZZQW 8 Claims. (Cl. 1861) This invention relates in general to a system and apparatus for selecting, delivering and totalizing the costs of goods sold by electronic controlling devices which actuate certain mechanical devices for delivering selected goods in accordance with display samples.
This is a continuation of copending application, Serial No. 290,969, filed May 31, 1952 and now abandoned.
The invention is described in connection with store apparatus in which a customer selects goods from display samples by inserting an electronic tape recording key device in a receptacle of a cabinet, recording the merchandise desired from that cabinet, and proceeding to other cabinets if desired for other goods. After the selection is complete, the customer takes a key to a delivery or cashier location where the key recording device is inserted by the cashier in another receptacle. The record is reversed and the selected goods are caused to be discharged from storage compartments upon a common carrier which delivers them to an assembling and delivery location where the selected goods may be placed in a package ready for delivery. At the same time, the key recording device transmits to a register the separate charges for the goods selected which are totaled and presented to the customer as a complete bill for the goods selected.
The key recording device comprises a portable unit having a magnetizable wire or tape which is movable in one direction for picking up and recording sounds of different frequencies, representing goods selected from a cabinet, for example, and is then removable for insertion in another receiver at the cashiers desk in which the di rection of the tape is reversed. The recorded sounds and frequencies are reproduced in a reverse order for actuating the mechanical devices which deliver the selected goods upon a common carirer such as a belt, and then the record of the sound on the tape is removed for reuse of the device by other customers in the same cycle.
The price of each selected article is also recorded electronically upon the tape so that when the tape of the reproducing device is reversed, the costs of all the selected goods or articles are reproduced at a cashiers desk so that by the time the goods are delivered, the costs of the selected articles are totalized and may be paid for by the customer.
An important object of the invention is to provide a portable device for recording, transferring and reproducing electronic impulses set up in selecting articles or goods at predetermined prices.
Another object of the invention is to provide a portable recording and reproducing device which operates in accordance with electronically set up sound impulses and cooperates with different receivers to move the recording element in one direction when the device is applied thereto and to move the recording element in the other direction to reproduce the sounds received thereby.
A further object of the invention is to provide an electronic recording and reproducing device which automatically actuates motive means for moving a recording tape in one direction or the other depending upon the receiver in which it is inserted.
A still further object of the invention is to provide a recording and reproducing device which receives pulses of different wave lengths alone or in combination with azassi Patented Mann 9 1962' each other to automatically actuate delivery mechanism for the selected articles in accordance with the pulses and to deliver recorded pulses automatically set up as the prices of the selected goods and totalized automatically when the device is operated to reproduce the recorded pulses for the goods delivered.
A further object of the invention is to provide an electronic marketing system in which a portable key device is used to receive electronic impulses of different wave lengths depending upon manual selection of articles and record the sound impulse upon movable tape, the key device being then removed and inserted in a receptacle therefor at another location where the movement of the tape is reversed, and the sounds recorded upon the tape are electronically reproduced for actuating a delivery mechanism and also for setting up a price indication upon a recording register, the delivery mechanism including a carrier system for delivering the selected goods to a common point for packaging, and the price indicat ing means including a totalizer for recording the costs of the separate articles and the total of all the costs.
Other objects of the invention will appear in the specification and will be apparent from the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a marketing system showing a number of the operating parts in accordance with this marketing system;
FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of the recording key device and the electronic means for setting up diiferent sound combinations from circuits of diflerent frequencies;
FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic representation of the circuits set up when the recording key device is placed in the cashiers receiving set for reproducing the sounds from the tape and for thereby actuating corresponding electronic means for delivering selected goods and for recording and totaling the cost thereof in accordance with the selections on the tape;
FIG. 4 is a wiring diagram of the cashiers receptacle circuits for the motor assembly;
FIG. 5 is a wiring diagram of the discriminator circuit and its connection with the cash register actuators;
FIG. 6 is a plan view of the electronic recording key device omitting some of the overlying parts;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the key device shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged plan view partly in section of the tape Winding and moving device of the key shown in FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is a somewhat diagrammatic assembly of three parts to illustrate the operation of the circuit closer on the sound tape of the key device;
FIG.10 is a more complete plan view of the key device than in FIG. 6;
FIG. 11 is a fragmentary enlarged view of the lower edge of the key device with the drag arms mounted therein; and representing the operation of the key lever thereon somewhat diagrammatically;
FIG. 12 shows a side view of the mounting of one of the drag arms as represented in FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is an assembly of three parts of one of the recording tape slack idlers;
FIG. 14 is an exploded view showing the parts of the limit switch assembly;
FIG. 15 is an assembly of three parts, in perspective, of the drag arm assembly; and
HG. 16 is a sectional exploded view of a key device receptacle and a magnetic clutch motor drive as used in driving a key device magnetic spool omitting the other key device parts.
Magnetic wire or tape recorders are now commonly used for dictating, reproducing conversations, music and various sounds, but the present invention is designed and intended for recording sounds of different frequencies for distinguishing the selection of different characteristics or numbers, such for example, as the selection of different combinations of frequencies in sets representing numbers from 1 to 100 or more. These sets of numbers are obtained when the recording device is placed in a certain position in a receptacle. The numbers or characters are then recorded by the tape recorder, and the device is removed and placed in another receptacle in which the tape is moved reversely in direction, the different frequencies are reproduced by the device from the tape, and these ditferent frequencies are picked up and. amplified by electronic means. A suitable device may be operated thereby for selecting articles corresponding to the numbers or characters received by the device in its recording position and for tabulating the costs of the selected articles so that the sum thereof may be totaled.
Thus, for example, this system may be used in selecting any one or more of a group of articles which have a certain price per article. The recording device may be used in several receivers in this manner for selecting a number of articles to be purchased. The device is then removed from the recording receiver and is placed in a reproducing receiver where the various signals produced by the different frequencies are decoded, reproduced and amplified by electronic means for delivering the articles selected by the device and for automatically assembling and totalizing the costs of the various articles selected. This is one example of the way in which the recording and reproducing device may be used for selecting articles from a large stock and causing them to be assembled and a proper charge made for them at a dispensing station, as in a store or market.
Referring generally to FIG. 1, a store apparatus utilizing this electronic marketing system comprises a number of recording and reproducing key devices which may be used by various customers of which only one device 120 is shown. The key device has a handle 23 and a projecting plug 13 and is adapted to be inserted in a receptacle 63 of a cabinet 114 which contains a variety of goods or merchandise for selection. A number of these cabinets are provided depending upon the variety of goods to be sold. A complete store has a number of cabinets containing only a sample of each of the articles offered for sale accompanied by a designation of the cost of units of the goods displayed.
Each cabinet has two banks of keys 126 for making a selection, one bank having different keys denoted by different letters of the alphabet, and the other bank having different keys designated by different numbers. As soon as two of the keys are depressed, an actuating circuit is set up in a recording device 120 for actuating recording tape as hereinafter described, and electronic circuits of different frequencies are transmitted by conductors 156- from an oscillator 15% for setting up different sounds on the tape in accordance with the selecting buttons 126 which are operated.
After a customer has made his selections from a single cabinet 114, or a number of cabinets, the recording device 120 is removed from a receptacle 63 and is taken to a cashiers desk 16% which has a receptacle 11th to receive the recording and reproducing device 129. The selected frequencies which have been electronically impressed upon a tape 8 (FIG. 6) of the device 129 are then played back through a cashiers receiver 119 by moving the tape in the opposite direction. The sound from the tape is played through an amplifier in the cashiers desk and directly therefrom through conductors 151 to a filter 170. From this filter 178, pulses are fed through conductors 152 in sequence groups of three pulses into a chain relay selector 180. The last pulse of each group of three is fed into a slave relay 153 (see also F16. 5), thence through suitable conductors 154 into digit panel 156, and through jumpers 136 into a pricing panel 1%.
The pulse is fed into a digit solenoid operated register 200 from the variable pricing panel 190 through a multicable. This sends a pulse which actuates a predetermined unit of a merchandise kick-out device and also through conductors as hereafter traced which actuates a solenoid operated cash register at the cashiers desk 160.
While merchandise is being kicked out from a merchandise unit 128, a pricing ticket is simultaneously added and printed in the solenoid operated cash register (not shown) at the cashiers desk 16d as hereafter set forth.
After a customer has made numerous selections with the key device at various selector cabinets 114, the key is brought to the cashiers desk 16ft. The cashier inserts the key 1241 into the receptacle 11! and turns the key in a counter-clockwise direction. The projection 13 of the key housing carries a micro-switch 55 (see also FIG. 4) which is actuated when the key is turned counter-clockwise and this switch closes a circuit which starts a synchronous motor 50.
A circuit is also closed from an AC. source of current at 115 volts for transformer 57 and for a volt rectifier 399. A 24 volt direct current rectifier 118 now connects a cashiers button 195 (see also FIG. 3) with a negative source of power. This causes a green light indicator 196 to be illuminated which signifies that the cashiers receptacle is ready to receive signals or a replay from the key 120. As soon as the cashier presses the cashiers button 195, the following occurs: The negative connection is switched over to a conductor 197 causing red indicator lamps 198 to light up and green lamp 196 to go out. The normally open switch 199 supplies a 90 volt positive DC. to a magnetic clutch 48 (see also FIG. 16) which causes the clutch to pull in its armature 27 which gives a capstan 5 the sufiicient rotating power to move the tape 8. This clutch 48 moves clockwise in the cashiers receptacle 110 directly opposite from the way the clutches and motors run in the customers selector cabinet 114. In other words, the tape in the key travels now in a clockwise direction and pulses come off from the tape as it travels over a recording head 4 (FIG. 10). The last pulse recorded in a customers selection cabinet 114 comes oif first in the cashiers receptacle 110, and the other pulses follow accordingly.
When all pulses are taken from the key device 120, the tape 8 in the key approaches the end and a metal coating 65 (see also FIG. 9) thereon closes a limit switch 2L (FIG. 10). A relay R3 (FIG. 4) is actuated which opens two normally closed contacts 90, the first contact disconnecting a battery connection from the indicator lights 196 and 198 and the second contact of the relay disconnects the 90 volt DC. positive current supply from the clutch which brings the capstan drive 5 (FIG. 8) to an instantaneous stop and prevents the tape from coming off from the spool. The indicator lights 196 and 193 now being out, show that all pulses have been taken away from the key 120 which is now ready for reuse because the tape 8 has been demagnetized by an erase magnet 18.
The recording key 12-0 comprises a shell housing 1 (FIGS. 6-16) which may be approximately 4" in diameter containing two Winding spools 11L and 11R symmetrically located at opposite sides of a center line for winding the recording tape 8 thereon which also passes over two limit switches 2L and 2R. The tape also passes over two guide posts 3L and SR between which is a recording head 4 and a permanent erase magnet, the tape moving under a pressure erase pad 17 which overlies the recording head and the erase magnet. In the center is a capstan drive 5 with a pivoted spool cradle 7 mounted on the center line for carrying the spools 11L and HR. At the lower end of the cradle in FIG. 6 is a tension shift spring 111 which engages the upper end of a switching lever 9 (see also FIG. 6) and tending to press the cradle resiliently in a direction opposite to the movement of the switchnig lever 9 at its lower end which extends into the projecting key housing 13. Above the spools are pressure arms 12L and 12R pivotally mounted on screws 21 extending into the bottom of the shell housing and having a tension spring 15 extending from each arm into contact with the adjacent inner wall of the shell housing tending to press the tape against a projecting end 81 of the capstan bar which passes between rollers 82 spaced apart and mounted in a housing 83 by means of pivot pins 84, each housing being mounted for separate pivotal movement upon a pivot pin 85 at the end of one of the arms 12L or 12R.
In FIG. 10, the arms 12L and 12R are shown drawn together by a tension spring 14. Also as shown more clearly in FIGS. 10, 14 and 15 is an assembly of drag arms 19 with felt pads 37 on a curved portion of each arm for engaging the tape as it passes over adjacent limit switches 2L and 2R. Mounted on the capstan bar is a drive spool 20 which projects between and engages the spool clutch surfaces 30 depending upon which direction the cradle 7 is rocked.
At the sides of the projection 13 are spring pressed contacts 16 for making electrical connections as hereinafter set forth depending upon the direction in which the key device is turned when inserted either in customers receptacle 63 or the cashiers receptacle 110. Also in one face of the projection are limit switch contacts 25 which may engage spring pressed contacts (like contacts 16) when the key device is turned in one position or the other and at the sides of the contacts 25 are loclc'ng dimples 26 for engaging projecting bearing balls similar to the spring pressed contact 16. A key carrying handle 23 (FIG. 7) may be attached to a key cover 22 and the cover attached to the housing 1i (FIG. 16) by screws 24 extending to the base thereof.
In the drive mechanism (see FIG. 16) is a clutch armature disc 27 attached to a non-magnetic shaft 78 mounted in a capstan drive bearing 33 and suitably related to a clutch assembly bearing 34 as shown in section in FIG. 7 having a spool clutch shaft 67 with a slot 28 in the end of the shaft for removing or relatively turning the spool. The cradle 7 may be mounted upon a bearing 31 by means of a cradle mounting screw 32. as shown more clearly in FIG. 8.
The drag arm assembly may be mounted upon a pivot pin 29 supported by the cradle 7 and extending through the bearing portion of the drag arms as also shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 and the upper end of the pin carrying the slack idler nylon roller 44 mounted on a bracket 43 and connected to the top of a pivot pin 46 for the roller by means of an open spring locking washer 47.
The spools HL and HR hold the recording tape 8 which may be of plastic, paper or other suitable material coated for sound transmission. The capstan drive derives its motive power from a synchronous motor St? to which it is coupled by the magnetic clutch 43 and causes a movement of the tape 8 over the permanent magnet 18, thence over the recording head 4 guided by the guide posts 3L and 3R and pressed downwardly against the magnet and head by a pressure pad 17, again touching and partially winding around the capstan 5, gliding past slack idler roller 6 and over limit switch 2L to be wound up by tape spool 11L which derives its motive power from the capstan drive wheel 26 which constitutes the spool drive.
When the key device 125 is inserted in a customers receptacle 63 (see also FIGS. 2 and 4) and turned clockwise approximately 45, the following occurs: The movement of the key projecting housing 13 has actuated a microswitch 55 and a green signal lamp 6% is lighted. A step-down transformer 56 is energized and the synchronous motor St) is connected for operation. When a customer selects push button 126, the green light 6%) is extinguished and a red lamp 62 is lighted. When the second A and then with resistor-condenser (RC components) 232 which supply the motive power for the pulsing relay 231.
A cycle of ten steps has now been started by the pulsing relay; level one of this relay 231 may be called the clutch and pulsing level. On contact one to nine inclusive also, clutch relay 112 is energized. This switches negative 3R from green indicator light 60 to red indicator light 62. Also a set of normally open contacts 42 are now closed, furnishing the magnetic clutch 48 with volts D.C. from a 300 mil. rectifier which now engages key and makes possible the driving of capstan 5. The armature disc 27 contained in the key device (FIG. 16) is now locked in and 'heldsecure to the rotor 101 by the magnetization of the stationary field MP2 of the magnetic clutch 48. The capstan in the key device is now travelling at the same speed as the motor shaft 1130. The. length of time the capstan travels is determined by the clutch and pulsing level 1 in the stepping relay 231.
Pulses are now being recorded, being fed through signal level 3 and recording head 4 on tape 8 or otherv recording media. The reset level 2 of this same stepping relay 231 controls the solenoid 75 which resets the push buttons 126 which is accomplished on step nine. Signal level. 3 applies the various signals to the recording head 4 so that they are recorded on the tape. The first two steps are blank in order to give the clutch time to pull in and drive the tape. The next two steps apply F1 to the head and the particular frequency of this signal is determined by the combination of operated buttons 12s. This tone is supplied during two of the switch steps in order that it will be of sufiicient duration for a kick-out solenoid to operate and dispense an article from merchandise unit 128 (FIG. 1). It will be recalled that the tape is driven in reverse direction when the cashier replays the record so that this tone, F1, will be the final signal which causes operation of the merchandising unit to dispense the particular article. The next step of signal 3 will apply a tone F4 from oscillator 15 to the tape and this is a safety tone the function of which will be explained subsequently. The next step of the signal level applies tone F2 to the recording head and the following step applies a further pulse of the safety tone F4 to the head. The eighth step applies tone F3 to the recording head and the ninth step applies a further pulse of the safety tone thereto. Tones F2 and F3 are also determined by operated sections of switches 126. Each switch step may be of the order of 50' milliseconds thus requiring approximately /2 second in order to effect recording of each customer selection.
When all of the selections have been completed by a customer (from cabinet 1114) the recording device 1 is presented to the cashier at desk 169 (FIGS. 1 and 3). The unit is placed in receptacle 110* and rotated in a counterclockwise direction to lock it in place after which button is operated to cause the tape to be driven in a reverse or clockwise direction.
As shown in FIG. 10, this will cause pad 37 to urge the tape against limit switch 2L as the tape is pulled past the head 4 for the play-back operation. Tension for the drag arm assembly 19 (FIGS. 11 and 12) is obtained by a spring 36, the ends of which are retained in round recesses 49 in the drag arms.
Motion of the drag arms is obtained by an operating pin 38 which is part of the switching lever 9, shown in FIG. 12-. Full movement of the operating pin 38 engaging one operating arm 19 on its free end enters one or the other of the slots 40 in the bottom side of each of the drag arms 19. This causes an inward motion of the drag arm 19 engaged by the operating pin 38, as it may be noted (from FIG. 11) that the centers of the radius of the curved slots 40 in the drag arms 19 are offset slightly from the center 66 upon which the operating arm 38 is pivoted.
The assembly with each slack idler 6 includes a nylon roller 44 mounted on a pin 46 carried by a bracket 43 mounted at the end of a pivot pin 29 by a locking open end washer 47. This assembly is necessary to take up any slack that accidentally develops in the tape 8 and also insures separation of portions of the tape which travel in opposite directions on the capstan when it is in motion. This slack idler assembly is mounted and locked upon the same mounting pin 29 which holds the drag arm assembly.
The limit switch assembly (see FIGS. 9 and 14) for switches 2L and 2R comprises shaped discs 51 and 52- each preferably in the form approximately of a half-moon stacked alternately, first a metal and then a plastic insulator. Starting from the top, there is an insulator 51, a metal contact disc 52, an insulator 53, and a second contact metal disc 54. A screw 58 inserted through the discs holds each assembiy together, and a mounting screw 59 is provided for attaching each limit switch assembly to a grounded base 583 for the limit switch 2L or 2R. A screw 61 makes contact with the metal disc 52 and an extending lug 64 is the energized side of the limit switch assembly. Suitable electrical connections (see also FIGS. 3 and are made from the lug 64 to a center contact 25 in the projecting part 13 of the key device. This limit switch assembly constitutes a normally open contact switch which is closed by a metallic coating 65 near each end of the tape 8 which extends along the tape for a distance of about one inch or more. When this metallic coating travels over the limit switch assembly 2R, it engages metal discs 52 and 54 and causes the equivalent of a closed contact like a normally open switch being closed. On a customer selector panel, relay R3 (see FIGS. 2 and 4) is energized causing its normally closed contacts 90 to open which disconnects a positive battery connec-' tion from the push button contacts 126 of the customers cabinet. As long as this relay stays open, contacts for the push buttons 126 cannot start a cycle operation of a stepping relay 131, and consequently the customers selector panel is inoperative. This also prevents the tape 8 from moving off from the spool 11R.
Thus the projecing key housing 13 serves as an actuator for a micro-switch 55 (see FIGS. 4 and 6) in female receptacles therefor; it provides a mounting for four contact pins 16 suitably connected to the recording head 4; and it provides a mounting for a switching lever 9 by means of the pin '66. Two screws 87 (not shown) are used for mounting the projector key housing 13. On the bottom side of the key housing are located three contacts 25, to which suitable limit switches are connected. Of these, limit switches 2R and 2L lead to the relay R3 when the key is inserted in a receptacle.
A switching lever bar 9 as shown in FIG. 8, is held in position by a tension shift spring 10, either in position X2 or X3. When in the position X3, the spool clutch drive wheel 76 (FIG. 7) is engaged by the capstan drive Wheel 20. When the key is then inserted in the customers receptacle 63, there is a switch bar actuator 77 (FIG. 16) which forces the switch bar lever 9 to the right position X3 and the other end of the switch bar exerts a pressure on the tension shift spring 10 which forces the spool cradle 7 to the right. At this time, the spool drive wheel 76 is engaged with the capstan drive wheel 20. All customer selection clutches and motors turn counter-clocks wise and therefore the capstan drive 5 turns counterclockwise. Consequently the drive wheel 2% which powers the clutch spool drive 76 is winding tape on the spool 11L clockwise when it is recording. The spool HR is now idle because the spool drive 20 is disengaged therefrom during recording.
When the key device 12% is inserted in the cashiers receptable 110, a reverse operation occurs: a switch bar actuator 77 (as in FIG. 16) in the cashiers receptacle forces the switch bar lever 9 of the key device to the left into a position X2. When the key has been turned approximately 45 to the left, or counter-clockwise, the other end of the switching lever 9' is now in position X2 and having exerted pressure on the tension shift spring 10, the spool cradle 7 is tilted to the left and engages the clutch driving wheel 76 with the capstan drive wheel 20. The motor 50 and a magnetic clutch rotor 101 travel clockwise and therefore the capstan 5 travels clockwise when the key device is replayed. This causes the spool drive wheel 76 and the spool HR to travel in a counterclockwise manner. Spool 11L is now idle because the spool drive 76 is disengaged therefrom.
A spool 11L as shown in FIG. 7 is anchored to a spool clutch disc plate 6% by a pin 88 and a plate disc 71 at the other side of a spool clutch friction felt 72, is anchored by a pin 94 to the drive wheel 76. Each spool is prevented from disengagement from its clutch disc 71 by a spool locking clip (see also FIG. 10). These are curled pieces of resilient metal each held tightly when inserted in a slot 28 in the outer end of shaft 67 of the spool clutch drive wheel 76.
The capstan drive 5 (FIG. 16) comprises a magnetic clutch armature 27 mounted at the end of a non-magnetic shaft 78. A spacer washer '79 on the shaft separates the spool drive wheel 20 from the end of a capstan drive hearing 33. The drive wheel has a rubber cover 86 for more cfficient friction, and there is a rubber cover 81 for the end of the capstan for a more efficient friction drive or movement of the recording tape. The recording tape is pressed against the cover 81 of the capstan 5 by pairs of rollers 82 which are mounted in a housing 33 pivoted on a pin 84. Each roller housing is supported at one end of a pressure arm 12L or 12R by a pivot pin 85. Pressure arm 12L and 12R are mounted in the key device upon locking screws 21 and each has a spring 15 extending therefrom in contact with the inside of the casing 1 to provide pressure and a coil spring 14 (FIG. 10) connected at its ends to the pressure arms, presses the recording tape against capstan 5 by means of pressure rollers 82.
When recording signals at a customer selecting cabinet 114, the key is inserted in the female receptacle 63 and turned approximately 45 clockwise by the customer. The switching lever 9 in the key is pushed to the right by a cam action, the lever being rotated upon a pivot 66 which causes the opposite end of a switching lever X3 to exert pressure on a cradle tension shift spring 10. This causes a spool clutch drive wheel 76 to engage a capstan drive wheel 20. The drive wheel 76 being somewhat smaller in diameter than the capstan drive wheel 20 naturally will cause the clutch drive wheel to make more rotations per second than the capstan drive wheel 20. This is desirable because when the recording tape 8 starts to wind on a spool which is locked by the pin 83 to the clutch disc 69, the clutch friction felt 72 makes it possible to allow the proper amount of slippage as the diameter of the wound-up tape increases, and consequently the tape spool 11R will require a slower speed in relation to the drive wheel of the capstan 20.
All of this action occurs when recording is being effected by a customer in the customers female receptacle 63. When the key is inserted in the cashiers receptacle 110, the action is just the reverse. The actuator 77 is located in the female receptacle 63 on the left side and on the right side in the cashiers receptacle 110.
In the key device at the outer sides of the recording head 4 and the erase magnet 18 are two tape guide posts 3L and 3R, each shaped like a half moon and having a shallow machined recess to receive and facilitate the guiding of the tape in a smooth manner.
The permanent erase magnet 18 is preferably of the circular type with a gap facing the tape so that the tape is demagnetized in a very efficient manner as it passes the magnet with the help of the pressure pad 17 which also exerts pressure on the recording head simultaneously.
A register 290 as represented in FIG. 5, receives pulses from a slave relay 152 to operate digit solenoids 201 in the register. A cancel relay R115 becomes energized from contacts 116 of the slave relay 153 and simultaneously a pulse relay R117 is energized and closes contacts (at 372) furnishing 24 Volt DC. from a rectifier "118 through contacts 119 to a register actuator (300 ohm) relay 121 which actuates (30 ohm) 115 volt A.C. solenoid 123 which cycles the cash register motor 122.
Every time a slave relay 153 (one for each item in the store) is energized for about fifty milliseconds, a register motor 122 makes one complete operating cycle. The 24- volt D.C. digit solenoids in the register may be operated manually to add a sales tax to be sub-total. This is done by manually pressing push buttons 124 which are connected suitably to normally open contacts 125, one side of which is connected by a common actuation bar 127 to the 24-vo-lt D.C. rectifier 118.
When the digit solenoids 201 are operated by the origi nal actuation of the 153 slave relays (one for each corresponding item), the cash register motor 122 is actuated, and by various levers and cam actions not herein specifically shown, a printed record is made on a suitable paper tape of the price of each separate item which is predetermined by jumper wires 13% connected from the digit panel 156 to a variable pricing panel X190.
When all the pulses are taken by a cashier from a key device 120 and the tape has come to the end, indicator lamps 196 and 193 are extinguished by the circuit closing action of the metallic coating 65 on the tape. The cashier now presses a sub-total button 129 which actuates a (30 ohm 115 volt) A.C. solenoid 131 which energizes the cash register motor 122 through suitable levers and cam actions as described as the cycle operation of the register, and by mechanical means in the register, the added sub-total now appears in a small lighted viewing window 134 (FIG. 3) located in the top of the register.
To the sub-total, the cashier now adds the sales tax, if necessary, by means of sales tax button 124 which actuates digit solenoids in the adding machine and thereupon presses a total button which actuates a total solenoid 135. This cycles the motor 122 in the way previously described, and by suitable cash register means, the grand total is printed on the paper tape which may be in dupli cate, the outer tape being cut off and providing a printed customers receipt which is ejected through a customer receipt ejection slot 137. The customer pays whatever grand total is printed and receives his merchandise which by this time has arrived (see FIG. 1) upon an endless conveyor belt 132 at a receiving table 133. Some of the merchandise may be primarily packaged on the table 133 and the goods then placed upon a second conveyor 234 for delivering the merchandise to an outer or outdoor loading platform 2.35. A customer having paid his bill at the cashiers desk 16% receives an identification ticket which is delivered to an attendant at the loading station 235 who delivers the packaged merchandise to the customer who may then transfer it into his automobile or carry it away.
A more detailed description of the discriminator operation and the circuits closed will now be set forth.
The first frequency which is fed into a selector relay 351 (FIG. causes current to travel through a selenium rectifier 389, thence through a conductor 381 to energize a pulse coil 382 temporarily, causing it to be energized and to close a circuit by way of contacts 369 which now energizes the (100 ohm) locking coil 366 which is part of the same relay (double wound coil on relay 351). The negative side of this coil has a ground connection through a conductor 383 and contacts 375 continuing through conductor 383, contacts 4114 to and through steering relay 376 into a conductor 377 to the negative side of the power source 378.
When this first pulse is made by contacts 373, this not only causes the relay 351 to be energized but also the steering relay 376 becomes energized. This causes the following to occur: Contacts 404 which are normally open on the steering relay 376 are closed, which transfers the negative or ground from the conductor 383 to the negative side of (75 ohm) coil 382. of selector relay 351 by means of conductor 405. This is only a momentary condition because this same coil 332 has deprived itself of a negative or ground connection through the opening of contacts 375 which lead to the conductor 383 through the steering relay 376, then through conductor 377 to the source of power 373 and to the negative side 378 which is the ground. A natural pulse which was made by the momentary closing of contacts 379 and of a duration of 25 milliseconds or slightly longer, performs this function in this manner. Both coils 382 in the selector relay 351 and that of the steering relay 376 which are in series are energized and pulled in simultaneously. Contacts 434 transfer the negative connection which makes this operation possible. Another action occurs which is that normally closed contacts 466 on relay 376 open up momentarily but close immediately when the steering relay 376 returns to its original position.
Contacts 369 on the selector relay 351 now stay closed by the locking action of the ohm) coil 366. This is the signal forwarding negative line conductor 367 which is the connecting means for connecting the ground or negative to whichever corresponding bank has been selected.
The pulse coil 382 has now performed its duty by pulling in contacts 369 and 37th and opening up normally closed contacts 375. However, the closing of the contacts 370 has supplied the selector relay 351 with a positive current. The selector relay comprises a double wound coil of which one coil section 382 may be a 75 ohm coil which acts as a pulse and operating coil in this relay and another coil 366 is a 100 ohm coil which acts as an electrical locking device coil. The negative side of this coil 366 is permanently connected to the ground (negative side of rectifier 373) by means of conductors 407 and the positive side 403 of the coil is connected through contacts 371 and receives a positive connection through conductor 371. Current in the locking coil 366 causes the relay to stay closed until the cycle operation removes the positive connection which is accomplished by the opening of contacts 372 of the cancel relay R115.
Returning to the relay 351, the closing of contacts 369 as pointed out, selects its corresponding bank relay 501) (50.1 to 5-13 inclusive not being shown) through a con ductor forwarding negative conductor 367 which conmeets the negative on the ground of the steering relay 368 of the corresponding bank. In explanation of the above use of the word corresponding: There are 13 selector relays 351 and 13 banks of 13 relays each. The first relay (351) as shown corresponds and connects to bank 1; the second selector relay (not shown) corresponds to bank 2; the third selector relay (also not shown) corresponds to bank 3, and so on.
A second pulse is now received from the filter contacts 379 and enters pulse line conductor 381 through the selenium rectifier 380 and into a pulse relay coil 382. Current passes through the coil of the relay Silt) and thence by way of conductor 334 and normally closed contacts 335 into the steering relay coil 368 by way of conductor 409. Since the other side of the coil 368 has a ground or negative which is supplied by negative through contacts 369 which are closed by the electric locking action of coil 366, both relays, that is, the bank steering relay 363 and the bank relay 5% are energized and pulled in simultaneously. A locking coil 387 is now energized through contacts 388 and a positive connection is now applied to it by a conductor 410.
The bank relay 5% now remains closed by operation in the same manner as the selector relay 351. The contacts 335 normally closed disc connects the negative for this bank of thirteen relays and makes this bank or any other bank inoperable. Contacts 339 are connected to contacts 411 of steering relay 368 by a conductor 112 thence through now closed contacts 389, through conductor 367 with a negative connection to that side of the coils (one only being shown) of the group slave relay 153. For the system herein described, there are one hundred and sixty-nine groups of thirteen relays.
This system is now ready to receive the third and last pulse which enters through the conductor 381 and through the selenium rectifier 3% to the positive side of a slave relay 153. Since the other side of this coil has been connected to ground or negative through the conduotor 367 from the corresponding bank relay 500, the relay 153 is thereby energized and promptly pulls in. As above pointed out, every group consists of thirteen relays and only one of the one hundred and sixty-nine of such groups now has a ground connectiong'therefore, the third pulse will travel through the conductor 381 and will bypass any-thing that is not grounded and this third pulse is able to pick out and energize only one of the thirteen relays in the group that was selected by the corresponding bank 352.
When this slave relay 153 is energized, the following happens: Normally open contact 391 closes; relay 153 now receives a ground or negative connection directly through conductor 302 which continues by way of conductor 377 to the negative side 378 of the power source 373. The second set of cont-acts on the relay 153 of the normally open contacts 393 which are now closed, now supply the cancelling rel-ay R115 with positive current through conductor 394 which it receives from conductor 371 from the positive source of supply. The negative side of relay R115 being permanently connected through conductor 377 to the negative or ground side of the source of power 373 by means of conductor 377 also furnishes the register pulse relay R117 with current through this same conductor. The source of the positive current is conductor 371 which extends to a make and break contact 372 and thence to a positive source through conductor 374.
A third set of contacts 396 closes the circuit of 115 volt A.C. supply and energizes a merchandise kick-out solenoid 128 which corresponds with the slave relay selected by the third pulse.
A fourth set of contacts 397 energizes the hundreds or dollar digit line solenoid in the totalizing register 200.
A fifth set of contacts 398 energizes the ten cent to ninety cent digit solenoids in the register.
The sixth set of contacts 399 energizes the one cent to nine cent digit solenoids in the register; and the Seventh set of contacts 401 energizes the quarter cent, half cent and three-quarter cent solenoids in the register.
Power is obtained for these contacts through a conductor 402 from the cashiers rectifier 118. The register pulse relay R117 which is permanently connected upon its ground side 377 receives its power through the conductor 394 from the contact 393 in the same manner as described for the cancel relay R115 when this relay is energized and pulls in. A contact 413 is the source of transfer of'power to the 115 volt A.C. solenoid in the register which causes the cycling of the register. When the contacts 372 of the cancel relay R115 are open, this disconnects the positive supply from the locking coils in the selector relay 351, the bank relay 500 and also the slave relay 153, and the cycle has now been complete. The selector system is now ready to receive the next group of frequencies which are fed from the filter in groups of three into the system. However, to make sure that all of the locking coils have opened up, the cancel relay R115 has a copper slug 403 which receives a charge for causing the relay coil to retain energy for about twenty-five milliseconds or more, thereby causing the normally closed contacts 372 to stay open a short time after the current has been cut off from the coil of the relay R115. The cycle of the discriminator is now complete which is in effect, the ground finding circuit, and when the ground connections for all thirteen selectors are broken, all sub sequent pulses are meaningless as far as the first thirteen selector relays 351 are concerned. I
The system is now ready for the next batch of pulses which come in sequences of three. The system of selection here described and shown will work perfectly as described when the selector consists of not more than three or four selector relays 351 together with one steering relay 376 and bank relays 500 together with not more than five steering bank relays 386, but when there are thirteen selectors 351 together with one steering relay 376, and thirteen banks of thirteen relays each, with two thousand one hundred and ninty-seven slave relays, hooked in on the circuit, it is discovered that interlacing and feed back occurs, a sort of transformer action develops horizontally and also vertically in these conductors which connect the various relays in the selector bank and slave circuits. One way to stop this is to force the current to go in one direction only without backing up. In effect, it is like a trap such as a plumber uses to stop sewer gases from backing up through a drain into a house. In the present system, this can be accomplished by small selenium rectifiers (330) inserted in the connection from contacts 379 to conductor 381. A suitable selenium rectifier of this type may be small, no larger than a postage stamp, but it makes possible this complex system of selection without any back-up or feed-back.
The first pulse is fed through a selenium rectifier 380 before it enters the coil of the selector relay 351, one rectifier for each of the selector relays; the second pulse is fed (through a selenium rectifier) to each of the one hundred and sixty-nine bank relays which are arranged thirteen to a bank. The third pulse travels through a third selenium rectifier 390, that is, one for each slave relay 153, 2,197 of which are arranged in groups of thirteen slave relays each. The third pulse is the most important one because it actuates the slave relay which controls the mechandise kick-out and the cash register solenoids and also causes the cash register to go into its own cycle of operation of adding and printing. Without these selenium rectifiers placed in series in the pulse lines, the whole circuit becomes inoperable.
While this system was designed, set up and is operable as described for thirteen banks of thirteen relays each so that it will serve and discharge 2,197 different articles, it is obvious that the number of banks may be changed and the number of different articles which it will dispense may be correspondingly changed. Each time the recording and registering key device is operated in a complete cycle, the tape passes twice before the demagnetizing and erasing magnet for each time that it is magnetized, once before the tape reaches the recorder and once in the reverse direction after the pulses have been replayed so that no trace of the preceding pulses remain upon the tape.
Up until this time, in order to avoid confusion, the explanation and function of the safety channel incorporated in this system has been withheld. It has a frequency of 289 cycles per second, which I call frequence S. The object of this is to insure and serve as a positive check against a mixup in a customers order. If, for example, a customer were to buy 15 items, this will require 15 sets of 3 pulses each and 15 complete cycle operations. If on the fifth or sixth item selected, the cycle operation five or six has erred in the middle of a cycle due to the failure of a relay to function properly, or any other cause, the ohm locking coils 366 on the selector relays 351 will stay locked in. The rest of the order is therefore lost. It is obvious that these 100 ohm locking coils in the selector relays must be unlocked before new cycle operation can begin anew. For this purpose I have incorporated what I describe here as frequence S (289 cps.) which will be hereafter designated as my safety channel. The function of this channel is to energize a 5,000 ohm relay 600 with a set of normally open contacts 602. These contacts are connected by suitable conductors to the posi- 13 tive side of the rectifier 373 and the source of power for pulse line conductors 377 and 374.
When pulses are recorded at the customers receptacle 63, three extra pulses of the safety channel or frequency S are sandwiched between the regular frequencies on level three of the stepping relay. The regular itemselector frequencies are on contact three and four, first frequency; contact six, second frequency; contact eight, third frequency. The S frequency appears on contact five, contact seven and contact nine.
When replay occurs at the cashiers desk and as men tioned previously, the frequencies come oif the tape in reverse, frequency S appears first. The 5,000 ohm relay, which also has a copper slug 601 that delays the reopening of this relay slightly, fifty milliseconds or more, is energized and closes the positive line 374 for the chain relay selector. The next pulse one appears, which shows up in conductor 381. Due to the copper slug 601 on the 5,000 ohm relay 600, the contacts stay closed on this 5,000 ohm coil furnishing positive connection from conductor 374 to the chain relay selector 351. Then the next pulse comes from the tape, which is the frequence S, again feeding the 5,000 ohm coil 600 with the slug 601. This new pulse energizes this coil (5,000 ohm) anew, makes the coil remain closed, and makes possible the bridging of selector frequency two. Again the frequency S appears bridging the last of the selector frequencies which operates the slave relay 153- and the merchandise kickout 128. A period or space on the tape corresponding to 150 to 200 milliseconds between the new set of grouped frequencies, gives the 5,000 ohm 600 safety relay time to completely discharge its coil and open up contacts 602, and unlocking any 100 ohm selector coils in the selector banks, thereby insuring that if for any reason whatsoever a mixup has occurred in the previous cycle, a new cycle operation can begin and the rest of the order for the customer can be assured. In other words, only one item in the order would be miss ing and the reason could be immediately detected by checking the number of the item not delivered.
Naturally if the slave relay 153' for this item did not pull in, and solenoid 128 kickout did not deliver the merchandise, the cash register also did not get the pulse, and the customer would not be charged for this particular item. It is virtually impossible for the register to operate unless the merchandise has actually been kicked out since kickout unit and register are controlled by the same slave relay 153.
The relays used are the aircraft type K relays which have performed in tests for millions of operations and should insure this system with long, trouble-free service. All relays are mounted on plugs similar to the bases on radio tubes and therefore are easily removable for checking and replacement.
While the preferred construction of this system and the apparatus embodied therein has been described in some detail, it should be regarded by way of illustration and example rather than a restriction or limitation thereof, as many changes in the construction, combination and arrangement of the parts may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
I claim:
1. An electronic marketing system comprising an article selecting station having a plurality of article selecting means, electronic pulsing means of different frequencies connected to said selecting means, a recording and reproducing device for receiving different pulses from the selecting means depending upon the articles selected, an article payment station having a receptacle for the recording and reproducing device, an article delivery means actuated by pulsing means of different frequencies, electrical connections from the article payment station receptacle to the article delivery means, the recording and reproducing device being bodily movable from the selecting station to the article payment station, and means for operating the recording and reproducing device at the selecting station to reproduce the pulses of frequencies corresponding to different articles in the reverse order from that in which the articles are selected and to record them in the different reversed frequencies at the article payment station to actuate the corresponding article delivery means in accordance with the pulses to which they respond.
2. An electronic marketing system, in accordance with claim 1, in which the selected pulses applied to the recording and reproducing device are recorded upon a movable tape which receives the pulses of different frequencies when the tape is moved in one direction at the selecting station and reproduces the pulses for different articles in a reverse order from that in which they are originally recorded by a reversal in direction of the tape by the operating means at the article payment station.
3. An electronic marketing system, in accordance with claim 2, in which a common delivery conveyor is provided for receiving articles in an order reverse to their original selection from the article delivery means and accumulating them at a common point.
4. An electronic marketing system, in accordance with claim 2, in which the pulsing means of different frequencies are connected to a pricing panel for recording signals representing prices of articles in the selecting station, and means in connection with the article payment station for receiving pulses from the recording and reproducing device to set up the prices of the article selected and to totalize the prices.
5. In an electronic marketing system, according to claim 1, a recording and reproducing device which has a recording tape movable in opposite directions, a driver Within the device for moving the tape in opposite directions, and clutch means between the driver and the operating means at the selecting station and at the article payment station for operating the tape to reproduce a succession of pulses in one direction at one station and in the reverse order by operating the tape in the opposite direction at the other station.
6. In an electronic marketing system, according to claim 5, a central driver in the recording and reproducing device for moving the tape in opposite directions depending upon the direction of rotation of the driver, a motor at each station for operating the recording and reproducing device, and magnetic clutch means associated with each motor and the driver for selectively connecting the driver for the directions of rotation at the different stations.
7. In an electronic marketing system, according to claim 6, the receptacle having a recess at one side and the recording and reproducing device having a corresponding projection at one side so that the projection may be positioned in the recess to lock the recording and reproducing device in the receptacle.
8. In an electronic marketing system, in accordance with claim 7, in which the article selecting station has lights of different color and means for illuminating one of the lights when the recording and reproducing device is ready for operation, and means for illuminating one of the lights when the article selecting means and the recording and reproducing device are in operation.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,247,905 Bryce July 1, 1941 2,335,277 Heller Nov. 30, 1943 2,587,686 Berry Mar. 4, 1952 2,588,915 Erikson Mar. 11, 1952 2,609,457 Thurm Sept. 2, 1952 2,661,682 Saunders Dec. 8, 1953 2,668,059 Roberts Feb. 2, 1954 2,702,315 Roderick Feb. 15, 1955 2,712,448 Schroter July 5, 1955 2,782,398 West et a1. Feb. 19, 1957
Patent Citations
Referenced by
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By Michael Garel
A few years ago, my wife and I frequently indulged in the guilty pleasure of browsing the shelves of our local Austin electronics store in search of the latest gizmos and gadgets.
Then, gradually, we shifted almost exclusively to online shopping. So did a lot of other people. Which is a huge problem for brick-and-mortar retailers.
On the flip side, that trend also created an opportunity for me to get into business. My company, eyeQ, which I launched with a partner in 2012, makes software that helps retailers understand customers so they can serve them better. Continue Reading »
By Steve Hamm
IBM Chief Storyteller
The Braamfontein district was once the corporate heart of Johannesburg. Then, in late 1980's, businesses started moving out of the neighborhood, initiating two decades of decay.
But today, Braamfontein is undergoing an amazing rebirth. Entrepreneurs are transforming abandoned buildings into trendy restaurants and shops as well as arts, culture and business centers. Young hipsters and entrepreneurs mix with students and tourists. Continue Reading »
By Jonathan Ferrar
Today's business is all about data – how you get it, how you analyze it, how you use it to impact an organization. Yet today's data-driven world is getting more sophisticated by the second, and most organizations lack the tools and skills necessary to turn their workforce-based data into insights.
In fact, according to a 2014 IBM Institute for Business Value study on talent analytics, only about 20 percent of organizations are able to apply predictive analytics to address important people issues. And as Chief HR Officers worldwide cite talent development, employee engagement, talent retention and workforce productivity as their top priorities, according to a recent IBM survey, now is the time to employ intuitive technology that enables HR and business leaders to better utilize their workforce data. Continue Reading »
By Bill Grady
We prefer texting to phone calls and we expect integrated and seamless experiences with technology. We are the first generation to have grown up in the midst of a digital revolution, where information and answers are just a few clicks away. We are Millennials.
There's been a lot written about Millennials. This generation, born roughly between 1980 and 1995, is already the largest in the workforce and will make up 75% of the world's workforce by 2030. The change is disruptive.
Most articles about Millennials delve into dating culture, digital lives and even eating habits. Yet among all of that chatter, there is very little understood about what impact we are having in the workplace. Continue Reading »
By Tom DeJuneas
Our company, nestled here in heart of Charlotte, N.C., is the largest independent producer and distributor of Coca-Cola Company products in the United States.
We roll out 18,000 cases of beverage products every hour from 47 distribution centers to customers across the Southeastern region of the U.S. To do that, we run manufacturing 24/7.
So for us, the ability to accurately anticipate customer demand is vital. Demand forecasts need to be refreshed early every morning to ensure that the optimal amount of each product is produced and that those products can be transported to the correct distribution center in time to fill the anticipated customer orders. Continue Reading »
By Jared Miller
Atlanta is the ninth largest metropolitan area in the U.S., home to over 5.5 million people including 15 million residents in the counties surrounding the new Atlanta stadium – the future home of the NFL's Atlanta Falcons and MLS Atlanta, currently under construction.
Building a new stadium is a massive undertaking. The physical structure itself must be sustainable, not to mention come in on time and on budget. The physical and digital infrastructure needs to be state-of-the-art not just in year one, but also five, 10, even 20 years down the road. Continue Reading »
By Steve Hamm
Chief Storyteller, IBM
The last mayor of New York, Michael Bloomberg, captured headlines when he declared that NYC would someday overtake Silicon Valley as the world's tech capital.
The current mayor, Bill de Blasio, is less bold in his pronouncements but no less aggressive in his deeds.
De Blasio's program was on display at a tech-industry gathering in the DUMBO (Down Under the Manhattan Bridge) section of Brooklyn last evening–venue: Made in NY Media Center by IFP. City officials, business leaders and entrepreneurs discussed initiatives and business conditions at the second stop in the city's Digital.NYC Five-Borough Tour–a series of events aimed at helping entrepreneurs succeed in the city. Continue Reading »
By Beth Smith
Recently, a friend shared a story about his 7 year-old daughter who had pleaded for a mobile phone. When he said no, she asked 'Please, how old were you when you got your first one?' He responded, "32."
Who would have ever foreseen such a rapid pace of innovation and adoption? But the same can be said for the conversation around big data.
Not so long ago, organizations relied on the data they could easily get their hands on. Now they are able to glean meaningful insight from videos, documents, and even doctors' handwritten notes. Continue Reading »
By Dan Pingree
Businesses large and small are feeling the effects of huge snowstorms sweeping into the Northeast.
For some, wintry weather is derailing activity creating disruption to northeastern seaports, airports and rail lines.
Other businesses more attuned to the vagaries of the seasons, however, such as Madison Heights, Michigan-based Moosejaw Mountaineering, thrive even when the weather turns wintery.
Weather normally has a temporary impact on the economy. For retail, however, the impact varies by segment. Thanks to weather forecasters, snowstorms are known days in advance. In many instances consumers rush out ahead of the storm to stock up on key supplies such as food, ice melt and more. Timing is everything. Continue Reading »
By Tahir Ali
When a group of volunteers launched City of Hope in 1913 as a tuberculosis sanitarium on the outskirts of Los Angeles, they initially treated patients in two canvas tents. In spite of those modest circumstances, the founders and staff were dedicated to harnessing the latest advances in medical science on behalf of their patients.
That drive is even stronger today. At City of Hope's main campus in suburban Duarte and at 12 community practices in Los Angeles and Riverside counties, the organization provides an expressway between scientific breakthroughs and patients suffering from cancer, diabetes, HIV/AIDS and other life-threatening diseases. Continue Reading »

subset: commoncrawl


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Vuorikatu 35, 70100 Kuopio, Finland
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Raviradantie 13, 50100 Mikkeli, Finland
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Asemakatu 1, 70100 Kuopio, Finland
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The one that got away story is from this season. It was the last day of the Mississippi River tournament in Iowa.
Our soldiers fighting the wars are heroes. The men and women who provide emergency medical care to them under hostile fire are heroes. The men and women who went into the World Trade Center to save people from the flames are heroes.
Interview with Manabu Kurita, potential world record holder. Part two of a two part episode.
Back when we were all kids, our mothers and fathers used to tell us to get an education because, "They can't take it away from you, no matter what." I'm telling you the same thing today. Of course, your parents were talking about your lessons at school. I'm talking about learning how to catch fish.
Gerald Swindle in the Veteran's day parade in Birmingham Alabama
Interview with Manabu Kurita, potential world record holder. Part one of a two part episode.
This episode is a recap of the 2009 Elite Series tour.
2010 Bassmaster Classic Qualifiers
The last Central Open of the year was a study in spinnerbaits and plastics, time management, fish management and nerves. For the second time this year in the same division, two anglers this time it was Edwin Evers and Mark Smith tied for first place, making a fourth day on the water necessary.
In this article Scott Ashmore gives you an inside look at different types of lures to use for bass fishing and a small history of his fishing experience.
"I consider him, inch for inch and pound for pound, the gamest fish that swims."


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Zumba Mamas are ready to bring in the New Year with a whole lot of booty shakin'! What better way to get your 2015 started than with a 2 hour out of this world ZUMBA PARTY!
Wear sparkles, glitter or anything that makes you wanna go WILD! Here's to a HAPPY, HEALTHY and HIP SHAKIN' New Year!
Pre-sale tickets are $10 dollars and are available for purchase from us or on our website and include snacks, drinks and giveaways! Tickets will be $12 at the door. Children 7 & up $5. Sorry no children under 7 allowed due to liability issues!
When: Saturday, Jan 17th, 7 – 9p.m.
Where: Excel Body Fitness
1001 Sheldon Drive
Cary, NC 27513
For tickets and information contact ZumbaMamasNC.com or call Angie at 919-889-0743


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Metal siding issue
We had a contractor build us a pole barn which he drug out over 10 weeks. He just put the metal siding up and the screws holding the siding on are going in at an angle because the 2x4's and the holes weren't lined up in spots. The hole is essentially a little above the 2x4 and the screw wouldn't bite in so they drilled it in at an angle. In some of the spots i can see a bit of daylight. I haven't paid him in full yet, what should i expect as far as craftsmanship in putting on siding and what should i expect as far as recourse here?
What percent of the holes are misalligned?
Are these screws long enough to still have adequate bite in the wood?
Was the siding installed in full accordance with the manufacturer's instructions?
Are you seeing daylight through gaps in the siding or stray holes?
I'd ask the contractor some pointed questions to see how he defends the 'quality' of the job and what he plans to do to make it right.


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Latest Dietary mineral Stories
Fulham the newest nutritional water to be featured at the Expo West Food Show Anaheim, CA (PRWEB) February 11, 2015 EarthWater PLC, a premier manufacturer
ST. LOUIS, Jan. 21, 2015 /PRNewswire/ -- Novus International, Inc. will be an exhibitor at the 2015 International Production & Processing Expo (IPPE).
Throughout History clay has been used as a natural detox remedy to treat stomach illness and ulcers.
Supplementing pig diets with copper significantly improved daily gain, according to a recent meta-analysis of available study results. ST. LOUIS, Dec.
Grand View Research.com has announced the addition of "Global Probiotics Market Analysis And Segment Forecasts To 2020" Market Research report to their Database.
Zion Health announces Valley Vet Naturals, founded by two vets, will now feature Kanwa Minerals Powder to provide specialized supplements for preventing common pet illness.
Market Size - $32.05 Billion in 2013, Market Growth - CAGR of 7.3%, Market Trends – Rising health awareness among consumers - New report by Grand View Research.
Market Size - $2.66 billion in 2013, Market Growth - CAGR of 11.6%, Market Trends – Growing consumer awareness towards essential ingredients in diet - New report by Grand View Research.
Latest Report "Global Animal Feed Additives Market Analysis, Size And Segment Forecasts To 2020" now available at GrandViewResearch.com.
Market Size - $8.5 million in 2013, Market Growth - CAGR of 5.4 %, Market Trends – Increasing demand in dietetic supplements application to stimulate growth: latest market research report from
- The governor of a province or people.


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Store clerk shot during robbery
It happened just before 2 a.m. at the Smithville Market.
Sponsored by:
It happened just before 2 a.m. at the Smithville Market.
Marshals went to arrest Earl Harris on Thursday.
Piqua Police are trying to identify two men who were caught on camera trying to break into cars.
Dayton police are investigating after the van was stolen from Enterprise Rental at 23 West Riverview Avenue.
Prosecutors said Jamie Grachek drove two others to John Grachek's home on Easter Sunday of 2013, intending to rob him.
As we prepare to close the books on 2014, police still need your help solving a murder from late 2013.
The FBI, DEA and ATF targeted six houses in the Westwood neighborhood, raiding them with guns drawn.
Beavercreek police say a distracting group of theft suspects scoured a store looking for wallets to steal.
Dayton police are trying to piece together a bizarre chain of events that led to a shooting early Tuesday.
The victim was taken to Miami Valley Hospital with what police said were life-threatening injuries.


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WASHINGTON (AP) — U.S. consumers spent just slightly more in February even though their income rose by a healthy amount. But economists hope bigger paychecks will give spending a bigger boost in the coming months.
FALL RIVER, Mass. (AP) — The fiancee of former New England Patriots player Aaron Hernandez is back on the stand for a second day of testimony in his murder trial.


text:
This beautiful 1970 Cutlass Supreme Convertible is a terrific car that is ready to drive and enjoy. It looks, runs, drives, and sounds awesome.... More
This 1970 Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme SX 2 Door Hardtop has a 455c.i. (#s Matching) 4BBL 365hp V8 (SX Perf. Package) (Y79), Automatic (Turbo 400)... More


text:
Latest radiation therapy Stories
Alexander Chi, MD, a thoracic radiation oncologist at West Virginia University, is the principal investigator in the study of novel treatment approaches for non-small cell lung cancer.
New technology for rapidly and precisely targeting tumors with image-guided radiosurgery is on display this week at the 27th International Medical Instruments & Equipment Exhibition BEIJING,
VISIUS iCT provides highest quality OR imaging with low radiation dose management WINNIPEG, March 26, 2015 /PRNewswire/ - IMRIS Inc.
Multidisciplinary program provides neuroscience and radiation oncology expertise to patients CHARLESTON, S.C., March 25, 2015 /PRNewswire/ -- The Neurosciences Gamma Knife Center,
DALLAS, March 25, 2015 /PRNewswire/ -- According to a new market research report "Oncology Information Systems Market by Software (Patient Information System & TPS),
Radiation Dose Management Market research discusses the key drivers, opportunities and trends in this market to grow at a very high CAGR from 2015 to 2020.
Introduces Comprehensive Solution for the Xoft System for Busy Clinical Practices NASHUA, N.H. and SAN FRANCISCO, March 20, 2015 /PRNewswire/ -- (Booth # 5151) -- iCAD, Inc.
LONDON, March 18, 2015 /PRNewswire/ -- REPORT HIGHLIGHTSThe radiation therapy market totaled $5.4 billion in 2013 and $5.8 billion in 2014.
DALLAS, March 18, 2015 /PRNewswire/ -- According to a new market research report "Radiation Dose Management Market by Product (Dose Tracking, Monitoring, and Analytics
Now medical physicists, radiologists, technologists, and radiology directors can control, analyze and optimize patient dose exposure. SANTA CLARA, Calif., March 18, 2015 /PRNewswire/
- One who brings meat to the table; hence, in some countries, the official title of the grand master or steward of the king's or a nobleman's household.


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Our special coverage of the closest race for years
Explore the personal stories of Syrian refugees in Lebanon
30 Jul 2011 09:40 GMT | Africa, Libya
Hundreds of mourners chanting and firing guns into the air turned out to Benghazi's al-Hawari cemetery to bury Abdel Fattah Younes, the commander of the rebel armed forces, on Friday.
Younes was killed on Thursday after being summoned to appear before a judicial inquiry in Benghazi, the opposition capital in the country's east.
Rumours and theories abound over the circumstances of Younes's death. Ali Tarhouni, the opposition oil minister, has said that rebel fighters sent to bring Younes back from the front for the inquiry took justice into their own hands and gunned him and two aides down.
Some suspect the gunmen were religious extremists who had grievances against Younes for his decades-long role as Muammar Gaddafi's interior minister, during which he played a role in repressing conservative, anti-government Islamic groups.
But as members of the community paid their condolences to Younes's family, the identity of the killers remained unclear.
Al Jazeera's Tony Birtley reports from Benghazi.
Source: Al Jazeera
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15 has a Walk Score of 64 out of 100. This location is Somewhat Walkable so some errands can be accomplished on foot.
Nearby parks include Veterans Memorial Park, Reservoir Park and Los Cerritos Park.
Explore how far you can travel by car, bus, bike and foot from 15.
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Klaus Nyborg, interim CEO at Denmark-based dry bulk and product tanker shipping company Dampskibsselskabet NORDEN A/S, expects difficult dry cargo market conditions
For anyone involved in maritime training, now is an incredibly exciting time full of opportunity. More than ever before, there are new advanced techniques and technologies
Fergus Campbell recently took the top spot at Imtech Marine USA. He discusses the path forward, particularly the desire to expand the ubiquitous Radio Holland brand.
Indonesian President Joko "Jokowi" Widodo and Chinese President Xi Jinping pledged increased maritime cooperation during the formers visit to China.
The joint
The Vice Chairman of China's Central Military Commission General Fan Changlong has pledged to deepen maritime security and military technology cooperation during
Representatives from 17 countries would take part in the sixth Maritime Security Desktop Exercise that is scheduled to be held in Yogyakarta, Indonesia from March 30 to April 1.


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Pronunciation: Hráček
Added on: 2010-10-03 Listened: 30 timesin: czech surname
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Hráček = Female Players
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You won't be able to dismiss this by usual means (escape or click button), but you can close it programatically based on user choices or actions.
"I absolutely loved this card when I saw it on the website. We are getting married in the Okanagan where there are a ton of weeping willows. The little heart details are super cute. Some of the postcards had a bit of ink on them because they were stacked together, I assume the ink wasn't fully dry yet when packaged. That being said, I ordered more than we needed so I didn't use those ones. Overall they were awesome and we wrote a personalized message on the back. Customer service was great!"
"This card had a nice feel to it, nore vintage. I loved the font/print. The card was really simple and I wanted something that fir more of my castle venue."


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Discussion in 'Photography Board' started by steery1, Jun 10, 2007.
Nice view Mike!
A view of the castle by Harry Shields, on Flickr
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newyear-65.jpg by Havoc315, on Flickr
Been a awhile since ive posted here but back now that the holidays are over things are starting to get back to normal
Grand Floridian by Mike Sperduto, on Flickr
Moonshot by Havoc315, on Flickr
HDR winter scene by Havoc315, on Flickr
winter duck by Havoc315, on Flickr
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One of my best from Kilimanjaro Safaris®...
Nice shots everyone!
Sorcerer's Hat by Harry Shields, on Flickr
My New Ride by Mike Sperduto, on Flickr
I am a longtime lurker and have turned to you for inspiration and guidance. I purchased a Sony a200 back in 2008 and it may be time for an upgrade! I am interested in the a99 but cannot imagine spending that much money! So I am looking for input from anyone who has the a77. My co-worker is trying hard to get me to switch to Canon but I have spent money on a few lenses over the years and do not want to start from scratch. I am assuming that my alpha a- mount lenses are compatible with the a77.
A huge thank you in advance for you input!
Yes, fully compatible. The Sony SLTs are great cameras. But a big factor for people is the EVF. Some people love it, some hate it.
If you're in the camp that likes the EVF, then the Sony lineup has a lot going for it.
I upgraded from the A100 to A55, and I'm thrilled with the change.
earlyjan-11.jpg by Havoc315, on Flickr
earlyjan-4.jpg by Havoc315, on Flickr
Shots like this one are becoming more and more difficult to achieve. Disney always seems to have a stage in front of the Hat - very annoying. The persistent rumor is that this thing is going away.
Hey William, I sure wouldn't mind if that hat would disappear.
Thank you so ,inch for your quick response! I looked at your photos and they are great! I love how sharp and clear they are! I think I am swayed and hoping to get the a77 for my birthday at the end of the month! That will give me a few months of practice before our WDW trip at the end of June!
Thanks for sharing all your gorgeous shots and for your input!
Really? I kind of like the hat. Every park needs a centerpiece attraction. What would you have there if not the Hat?
You're welcome. Thanks for the compliments and look forward to your shots.
Remember though, glass is as important (if not more), than the camera. I love using old Minolta lenses, though I also use a couple Tamrons.
I don't mind the hat, I just wish it didn't block the Chinese Theater. I remember the first time I went to MGM and I the first thing I remember was the The Great Movie Ride. I was around 12 and MGM was just being built. It would also be different if they would at least keep the hat free and clear of stages and props and put the skylights back behind it.
Separate names with a comma.


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Paris: An Inspiring Tour of the City S Creative HeartPaperback
List price $27.50
You save $4.79 17% off
Free delivery worldwide
Dispatched in 2 business days
When will my order arrive?
- Publisher: Chronicle Books (CA)
- Format: Paperback | 244 pages
- Dimensions: 184mm x 235mm x 25mm | 875g
- Publication date: 8 October 2012
- Publication City/Country: San Francisco
- Edition statement: Reprint
- Sales rank: 6,417
Product description
Take a stroll through the real Paris with this beautifully photographd and gorgeously packaged book. Organized by arrondissement, Paris takes readers through the city's most charming streets, revealing best-kept secrets and little gems at every turn: ateliers overflowing with notions, caf s with their neat rows of macarons, markets abundant with fresh flowers, shaded parks, and creative hotspots. Packed with vibrant color photographs that capture the spirit of Paris and packaged as a hefty flexi-bound paperback with a ribbon page marker, the book is a beautiful object in its own right. The accessible writing invites readers to dip in and out and provides history and context for each spot on the journey. Visually rich and totally inspiring, Paris is a treasure for lovers of art, style, design, food, and, of course, Paris!
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Author information
Janelle McCulloch is a journalist specializing in design, architecture, travel, and style. She has written for publications around the world, including Vogue Living, Elle, and Home Beautiful. She divides her time between Melbourne and Europe.


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Comfort Suites Grandville, Grandville
Situated in Grandville, Comfort Suites Grandville is close to RiverTown Crossings Mall. Additional area attractions include Frog Hollow Playground and Millennium Park.
Hotel Features.
Comfort Suites Grandville has an indoor pool, a spa tub, and a fitness center. Complimentary wireless Internet access is available in public areas. A complimentary breakfast is available. Additional amenities include laundry facilities and an elevator (lift). Complimentary self parking is available onsite for guests.
The 66 air-conditioned guestrooms at Comfort Suites Grandville include coffee/tea makers and irons/ironing boards. Complimentary wireless high-speed Internet access is provided. All accommodations provide complimentary weekday newspapers and phones. All units feature microwaves and refrigerators.
Overall a good stay. Could hear some loud people and every door during the night.
Clean room that worked perfectly for my trip.
Enter dates to check prices
Hotel Info: 866-539-8117from $100
- Suite, 2 Queen Beds, Non Smoking
- Suite, 1 King Bed, Non Smoking
Recommended hotels
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 66 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 3 floors
- Check-in time starts at 3 PM
- Check-out time is 11 AM
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- Pets not allowed
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Free WiFi in rooms
- Free self parking
Nearby Two Star Grandville hotels
In the hotel
- Free buffet breakfast
- Indoor pool
- Fitness facilities
- Spa tub
- 24-hour front desk
- Laundry facilities
- Elevator/lift
In the room
- Air conditioning
- Coffee/tea maker
- Iron/ironing board
- Shower/tub combination
- Cable/satellite TV channels
- Free weekday newspaper
- Free WiFi
- Phone
- Refrigerator
- Microwave
Top Grandville hotels
Recently reviewed hotels in Grandville
- Homewood Suites by Hilton Grand RapidsFrom
"Location a bit isolated in terms of access to city center. But suited the purpose of my stay which was a family gathering"Mar 8, 2015
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"The staff was great and the hotel is very nice inside! If you like to shop this hotel is in a perfect location for you. Our hair dryer did not work and the slide only runs on the…"Mar 8, 2015
- Wyndham Garden Grand Rapids AirportFrom
"Great staff, wish Wyndam offered continental breakfasts though."Mar 8, 2015
- Red Roof Inn Grand RapidsFrom
"Room was very clean and neat, everything looked new. The room was small but still very comfortable. We got a room with king bed. I was very impressed with this Inn"Mar 6, 2015


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42 year old woman | Dallas, TX, USA | Seeking men 45-58 within 100 miles of Addison, TX
Active within 24 hours
New York meets Dallas ....
I am outgoing, loyal, funny, old fashioned and down to earth. In starting this new on line dating world I feel I must explain what old fashion means to me . I am looking for a serious relationship that could in the future possibly lead to marriage . I am not looking for serial dating or serial daters . So please only serious gentlemen respond . Life is to short to not share your heart and life the right way with the right person that brings a smile to your face . My friends, family and my dogs are the most important part of my life. I love my career and business but also enjoy dining out, movies, theatre, yoga and relaxing at home in my free time. My pictures are all recent and to be fair I will only respond to profiles as well with recent photos. I am looking for someone who shares the same old fashioned beliefs , someone who is funny, loyal, and easy going. Someone who is ambitious and driven in their career but also enjoys their down time . Healthy living and exercise is important as well. One last thing - It would be great if you like dogs , my chihuahuas mean the world to me .
Coffee and conversation , Business networking , Cooking , Dining out , Hobbies and crafts , Movies/Videos , Museums and art , Music and concerts , Exploring new areas , Nightclubs/Dancing , Performing arts , Shopping/Antiques , Travel/Sightseeing , Volunteering , Wine tasting
Aerobics, Bowling, Dancing, Golf, Tennis / Racquet sports, Walking / Hiking, Weights / Machines, Yoga
I exercise 3-4 times per week.
I have Dogs
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New to the Dallas area and looking to explore all the city has to offer. I love dining out , relaxing on a patio, and vacation getaways.
Niagara County Community College, Sanborn, NY
Yoga, Dog rescue, My dogs, Charities, All things Italian, Cooking , Shopping
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Z{{Cta}} {{#if HasMoreInfo}} ?{{CtaSecondary}} {{/if}}
|What she is looking for
|5'5" (165cms)
|5'7" (170cms) to 6'3" (190cms)
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|Dark brown
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#121 of 262
venice beach greeting cards, california greeting cards, graffiti greeting cards, alley greeting cards, ocean greeting cards, vanilla ice greeting cards, man greeting cards, woman greeting cards, boy greeting cards, girl greeting cards, colors greeting cards
While walking down a back alley to Venice Beach we saw the most amazing wall of graffiti. I'm sorry but my male model is looking a little like vanilla ice here!! He was pumping himself up to work out at muscle Beach. But, what struck me most about This amazing piece of artwork Was... The trash all around it !! For, all of its glory time work & Effort... It was nothing more than A back drop for ?? Nothing. Done Purely out of love. This wall canvas seen Only if you happen to walk by it.. Or if your the trash collector !! Was so Vibrant & fun !! Very cool... Now, lets kick it !!!! ................... All right stop, Collaborate and listen Ice is back with my brand new invention Something grabs a hold of me...
Whimsical ,Campy,Introspective , Unconventional & childlike. I do not follow any rules. There is this raw emotional feeling inside me, in the pit of my stomach . My life has been called Tragic. I thought at a young age I deserved It. I began to read people's needs And wants , Then become or do them. I pushed myself into a emotional Hole. I was trying to protect myself.I became a real life actress . My only escape the only way I could Feel ....... Was when I picked up my first Crayon. To this day My art & photography is the real me. ( You are seeing ME ) One day at a time learning to accept who I am ..................................................................... Recycled Art, I use thrift stores,...
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|Big East and MSG extend contract
|Written by Admin
|Wednesday, 17 October 2012 12:32
Madison Square Garden has been the home of the Big East tournament since 1983, making it the longest running conference tournament held at the same site in college basketball.
No details of the extension, which was announced Wednesday, was given.
Since moving to the Garden in 1983, more than 3.3 million fans have attended the tournament, including the last seven, which have been advance sellouts.
Louisville won the tournament last season. This season's tournament will be held March 12-16.


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Photo : Mirzaka ( Mangal) Paktia Afghanistan
A picture of 'Mirzaka ( Mangal) Paktia Afghanistan', this photo is taken in the destination of Camkani in the velayat of Paktia in the country of Afghanistan. You can click on the image below to see a higher resolution version of this picture, or on the links below that to see more photos by this photographer. You can also add your pictures to this gallery via the links below, or you can click here to see more photos of Camkani, Afghanistan.This picture is displayed according to Panaramio Copyright Policies.
Photographer : Syed Ihsan Hashimi [21 January 2012]
Photos provided by Panoramio are under the copyright of their owners