text:
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Cancer Immunol Immunother (2008) 57:1735–1743
DOI 10.1007/s00262-008-0480-y
Cancer treatment: the combination of vaccination
with other therapies
Mads Hald Andersen · Rikke Bæk Sørensen ·
David Schrama · Inge Marie Svane · Jürgen C. Becker ·
Per thor Straten
Received: 2 January 2008 / Accepted: 5 February 2008 / Published online: 20 February 2008
© The Author(s) 2008
opment of 'therapeutic' vaccines, for the battle against can-
cer has been the focus of tremendous research eVorts over
the past two decades. As an illustration of the impressive
amounts of data gathered over the past years, numerous
antigens expressed on the surface of cancer cells, have been
characterized. To this end, recent years research has
focussed on characterization of antigens that play an impor-
tant role for the growth and survival of cancer cells. Anti-
apoptotic molecules like survivin that enhance the survival
of cancer cells and facilitate their escape from cytotoxic
therapies represent prime vaccination candidates. The char-
acterization of a high number of tumor antigens allow the
concurrent or serial immunological targeting of diVerent
proteins associated with such cancer traits. Moreover, while
vaccination in itself is a promising new approach to Wght
cancer, the combination with additional therapy could cre-
ate a number of synergistic eVects. Herein we discuss the
possibilities and prospects of vaccination when combined
with other treatments. In this regard, cell death upon drug
exposure may be immunogenic or non-immunogenic
depending on the speciWc chemotherapeutics. Also, chemo-
Harnessing of the immune system by the devel-therapy represents one of several options available for
clearance of CD4+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. Moreover,
therapies based on monoclonal antibodies may have syner-
gistic potential in combination with vaccination, both when
used for targeting of tumor cells and endothelial cells. The
eYcacy of therapeutic vaccination against cancer will over
the next few years be studied in settings taking advantage
of strategies in which vaccination is combined with other
treatment modalities. These combinations should be based
on current knowledge not only regarding the biology of the
cancer cell per se, but also considering how treatment may
inXuence the malignant cell population as well as the
immune system.
Combination · Cancer · Chemotherapy
Vaccination · Conventional treatment ·
The use of cancer vaccines to induce a therapeutic host
anti-tumour immune response has huge potential to com-
plement traditional cancer therapies in a non-overlapping
way. The prospects of cancer vaccines are to enable re-cali-
bration of the existing host-tumour interaction, tipping the
balance from tumour acceptance towards tumour control to
the beneWt of the patient. Additionally, the highly speciWc
character of the host immune response minimizes the risk
for adverse eVects associated with most other cancer thera-
pies currently applied. In general, a successful vaccination
requires two components: An antigen and an adjuvant. The
"antigen" represents the embodiment of the target that
should be cleared from the body. The second require-
ment—the adjuvant—is an ampliWer of the response
induced by the antigen it self. Due to the phenomenon of
This article is a symposium paper from the conference "Progress in
Vaccination against Cancer 2007 (PIVAC 7)", held in Stockholm,
Sweden, on 10–11 September 2007.
M. H. Andersen · R. B. Sørensen · I. M. Svane · P. thor Straten (&)
Department of Hematology, Center for Cancer Immune Therapy
(CCIT), Herlev University Hospital, 54P4, Herlev Ringvej 75,
2730 Herlev, Denmark
e-mail: email@example.com
D. Schrama · J. C. Becker
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Würzburg,
97080 Würzburg, Germany
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1736Cancer Immunol Immunother (2008) 57:1735–1743
"immune escape", in which antigen-negative cancer cells
may avoid immune recognition, strategies have been devel-
oped that conceptually focus on minimizing the risk of
immune escape, by speciWcally targeting proteins that are
important for the function, survival and growth of cancer
cells [1, 59, 65, 74]. Thus, it is well characterized that
molecular events—genetic and epi-genetic changes—lead
to the general cancer traits; the capacity to uncontrolled
growth (abnormal cell cycle regulation), resistance to death
(apoptosis resistance), the potential to migrate and grow at
distant sites (metastasis), the capacity to induce new blood
vessels (attract endothelial cells) [31]. Also mechanisms
involved in suppression of the immune system by cancer
cells, e.g., secretion of immune-suppressive mediators) are
at play during tumor progression [56], and, in addition,
drug resistance is a highly relevant phenomenon that is
responsible for the failure of chemotherapy to provide cura-
tive outcomes in the treatment of disseminated cancers
[11]. The proteins or protein patterns responsible for these
characteristics of cancer cells represent ideal target struc-
tures for therapeutic intervention, including immunological
targeting. Importantly, these traits—molecular mechanisms
aside—are essential characteristics of all life-threatening
cancers, and therapies based on targeting of these character-
istics molecularly are therefore broadly applicable to most
if not all cancers. Several proteins responsible for or associ-
ated with these cancer traits have been characterized, exem-
pliWed by cell division (telomerase [74], Cyp1B1 [41],
survivin [4, 7, 64, 73]), resistance to apoptosis (survivin,
ML-IAP, Bcl-2, Bcl-X(L), and Mcl-1 [1, 34]), metastatic
potential (Heparanase [71]), angiogenesis (survivin, Bcl-2,
VEGFR [50]), and drug resistance [43, 44, 82]. Impor-
tantly, these proteins are targets for spontaneous immune
responses in cancer patients, and peptides derived from the
proteins are expressed on the surface of cancer cells in the
context of HLA molecules, and thus represent broadly
applicable vaccination targets in therapeutic vaccinations
against cancer. Moreover, although vaccination against
these proteins or groups of proteins is in itself a promising
new approach to Wght cancer, the combination with addi-
tional therapy could create a number of synergistic eVects
(Fig. 1).
Fig. 1 Conventional chemotherapy eVectively kills cancer cells there-
by prolonging the life of many cancer patients. However, the develop-
ment of drug resistance is considered to be the major cause for the
failure of chemotherapy in many types of cancer. Tumor cells become
resistant to chemotherapy in many ways, one of which is through in-
creased expression of regulators of apoptosis proteins. In a combina-
tional therapeutic setting, conventional therapy would kill the majority
of the cancer cells, leaving only resistant cells that express high levels
of these proteins. However, such high-expressers would be particularly
vulnerable to killing by vaccination induced T cells. The synergy of
these measures would, consequently, give a more eVective treatment
than either regime alone. Likewise, the resistance of tumor cells to im-
mune cell-mediated apoptosis may contribute to the failure of tumor
immunosurveillance, the phenomena of tumor growth despite inWltra-
tion by tumor-speciWc lymphocytes, as well as the failure of tumor vac-
cines to induce clinical responses despite evidence for priming of
eVector T cells. Thus, the combination of vaccination with a strategy
using synthetic peptides that compete with caspases for binding to
IAPs would be highly synergistic. To maximize the impact of immu-
notherapy, an exciting strategy would be to co-target biologically con-
nected proteins, for instance survivin, Bcl-2 or Bcl-X(L) in a multi-
epitope setting. An alternative approach would be to combine adoptive
transfer of T cells with vaccination to facilitate expansion and mainte-
nance of T cells in vivo. Finally, vaccination against some proteins ad-
dresses both the tumor and the tumor stroma
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Cancer Immunol Immunother (2008) 57:1735–1743 1737
Multi-epitope strategies and additional immunotherapy
As outlined in Fig. 1, combination of vaccination with
additional therapy could create synergistic eVects. How-
ever, some of the fundamental problems associated with
therapeutic vaccines still need attention. Thus, in many
cases induced biological responses does not correlate with
clinical responses, the reasons being largely unknown [55],
and probably multifactorial. With current vaccination strat-
egies the induced CTL frequencies are not impressive and
although combination with other therapies may help
increase these responses, we are still in need of a "gold
standard" for therapeutic vaccinations. Thus, research into
the generation and phenotype of DCs with optimal capacity
to induce full armoured CTLs needs further attention, as
does best suited route of administration. Also, the migra-
tory capacity of in vitro generated DCs represent an impor-
tant parameters [23], as does characterization and
examination of adjuvants for in vivo targeting of DCs.
Other aspects include homing of T cells to the tumor site
[62], entry into the tumor micro environment [61], and
maintenance of function systemically [2, 46, 48, 79], as
well as at the tumor site [42, 47]. Moreover, research into
the fundamental aspect of timing of vaccination in relation
to disease entity and stage requires further study. To this
end, it has been suggested that vaccination in the adjuvant
setting for prevention of relapse would be optimal but in
fact that notion needs veriWcation. The above mentioned
short comings of therapeutic vaccinations at its current
stage obviously require detailed study of anti-tumor vacci-
nation induced immune resposes, both with regards to the
immune system and concerning tumor cell biology [70]. A
major step toward the generation of more solid data that can
be compared among laboratories, lie in the use of standard-
ized monitoring protocols [12, 36]. Moreover, the com-
bined use of immunological monitoring with proWling of
tumor biopsies [45], may aid the generation of data that set
the stage for development of strategies that increase the
eYcacy of therapeutic vaccination per se.
Many anti-cancer vaccination strategies are already
focused on combination with other immunotherapeutic
strategies, e.g., the addition of cytokines or immune modu-
lating agents. Hence, numerous investigators have com-
bined vaccines with, e.g., GM-CSF, IL-2, IL-12 or
immunomodulatory antibodies such as those against
CTLA-4, PD-1, or CD137 [19, 21, 83]. Many agents have
not been extensively tested in humans, in particular not in
combination with other immune modulators or treatments,
e.g., vaccination, in part due to the fact that many agents are
not available to the scientiWc community (please see http://
So far most peptide based vaccination trials have tar-
geted only a single antigen. One concern has been that
despite multiple targeting there would be a risk that only a
single or a few dominant antigens would elicit reactivity.
However, data now suggest that concurrent targeting of
multiple antigens is possible, and that the induced
responses against individual targets are not inXuenced neg-
atively due to responses against other antigens [38, 69].
Thus, several clinical trials are ongoing in which multiple
peptides from diVerent proteins are targeted (http://
www.clinicaltrial.gov). An exciting strategy would be to
co-target biologically connected proteins, e.g., regulators of
apoptosis proteins, in a multi-epitope setting. In this regard,
as mentioned above a number of diVerent regulators of
apoptosis proteins have been described as tumor antigens in
a large number of diVerent cancers [3, 5, 6, 8]. A combina-
tion of these are likely to increase the magnitude and Xexi-
bility of the vaccine-induced anti-tumor response and may
prevent tumor escape that otherwise would occur through
selective loss of single target antigens. Since co-expression
of Bcl-2 family proteins is a regular event [68], simulta-
neous targeting of these proteins may represent a more
eVective strategy than targeting either molecule alone.
Interestingly, the co-expression of survivin and Bcl-2 is
strongly associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer
[72]. Targeting of both the Bcl-2 protein family and survi-
vin would therefore be particularly attractive since they
execute their anti-apoptotic function though diVerent mech-
anisms [35]. Although regulators of apoptosis proteins are
up regulated in almost all cancers there may be signiWcant
quantitative diVerences concerning the amount of each pro-
tein in individual patients suVering from the same disease.
Previously, we have generated Bcl-2, Survivin and Bcl-
X(L) speciWc cytotoxic T cell clones and examined the kill-
ing of a panel of cancer cell lines. Although all cancer cell
lines were recognized and lysed by the T-cell clones the
most eVective lysis varied greatly among the cell lines
(Table 1). Thus, some target cells were killed most
eYciently by Bcl-2 speciWc T cells, some by Survivin spe-
ciWc T cells and some by Bcl-X(L) speciWc T cells.
Although this notion needs to be substantiated in large-
scale studies in which the clinical and prognostic signiW-
cance of the diVerent CTL responses is scrutinized, it could
point to a scenario in which the targeting of more than one
of the targets would be beneWcial in a clinical setting.
Concurrent targeting of several proteins with peptides
restricted by several HLA molecules would also be
expected to lower the risk of immune escape by selection of
cancer cells that do not express the one or several of the tar-
geted proteins, however, escape by HLA loss remain a pos-
sibility. Several diVerent mechanisms have been described
that inXuence the class I presentation machinery [67], lead-
ing to down regulation or loss of HLA class I on the cell
surface [9, 53]. However, allele losses seem far more fre-
quent that complete Class I loss, again underscoring the
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1738 Cancer Immunol Immunother (2008) 57:1735–1743
potential of concurrent targeting of several or all relevant
HLA restriction elements in the patient. Whether such a
strategy will lead to more frequent complete loss of HLA
expression remains to be seen.
Impressive responses have been achieved in lymphode-
pleted melanoma patients, by adoptive transfer of in vitro
expanded tumor inWltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and high
dose IL-2. Transferred T cells expanded in the patients, and
clinical response correlate with longevity of the T cells,
suggesting that the proliferative capacity of the T cells is
crucial for clinical relevance [10, 22]. The widespread use
of this approach is troublesome since in most cancers TIL is
not readily expandable. Several strategies are currently
being explored to circumvent this problem, one being to
transfect PBMC with tumor speciWc T cell receptors prior
to transfer to the patient [49, 66]. Another approach is to
use vaccination for induction of antigen speciWc T cells,
followed by harvest of cells for in vitro expansion and
transfer back to the patient upon lymphodepletion [15, 57].
Future trials employing this strategy for targeting tumor
antigens will provide important information with regards to
the relevance in cancer therapy.
Combination with conventional therapy
The combination of immunotherapy with chemotherapy
has opened new avenues in cancer treatment, and prelimi-
nary data suggests a synergistic eVect of anti-cancer vac-
cines and chemotherapy [26]. Only few years ago the
concept of combining chemotherapy—one of the side
eVects of which is suppression of immune function—with
active immune therapy, was unheard of. However, data
now point in exactly that direction, and since cytotoxic che-
motherapy is widely used to treat most malignancies, inte-
grating tumor vaccines with standard chemotherapeutic
drugs is highly attractive.
Chemotherapeutic agents can induce a series of cellular
responses that impact on tumor cell proliferation and sur-
vival. Perhaps the best studied of these cellular responses is
apoptosis, a physiological cell death program that controls
normal cell numbers during development and disease. It is
evident that diverse drugs can kill tumor cells by activation
of common apoptotic pathways. Essentially all cytotoxic
anticancer drugs, e.g., microtubule binding drugs, DNA-
damaging agents, and nucleosides, currently in clinical use,
induce apoptosis of malignant cells (Fig. 1).
Drug resistance is the major problem that limits the
eVectiveness of chemotherapies used in the treatment of
cancer. A frustrating property of such acquired resistance is
that the tumor not only are become resistant to the speciWc
drug in use, but may also acquire cross-resistance to other
drugs with diVerent mechanisms of action [11, 32]. Drug
resistance, whether intrinsic or acquired, is believed to
cause treatment failure in more than 90% of patients with
metastatic cancer. Cancer-associated defects in apoptosis
play a vital role in resistance to chemotherapy and radio-
therapy [11]. An important reason for this impaired apopto-
sis is an over-expression of the anti-apoptotic regulators of
apoptosis proteins [30, 68, 78], e.g., the tumor antigen sur-
vivin, or over expression of ABC transporters [11]. Addi-
tionally, drug inactivation by the tumor antigen CYP1B1
may represent a mechanism of resistance, inXuencing the
clinical outcome of chemotherapy [58]. Consequently,
immunotherapy targeting these antigens in combination
with conventional chemotherapy appears to be particularly
appealing. In such a setting, conventional therapy would
kill the majority of the cancer cells, leaving only cells that
express high levels of antigens, which would be particularly
vulnerable to killing by vaccination induced T cells. Thus,
the synergy of these measures could potentially give a more
eVective treatment than the added eVect of either regime
alone, thereby strengthening the already described syner-
gistic eVect of anti-cancer vaccines and chemotherapy.
As given above, chemotherapy resistant tumor cells may
be targeted speciWcally by vaccination against speciWc tar-
get structure. However, even death it self of the tumor cell
may play an important role in explaining how chemother-
apy may improve subsequent or even concurrent immune
therapy. To this end, it was recently shown that Anthracy-
clin-treated tumor cells are particularly eVective in eliciting
an anti-cancer immune responses, since Antracyclins
induce the rapid preapoptotic translocation of calreticulin to
the cell surface. The surface exposure of calreticulin
endows cancer cells with an "eat me signal" to dendritic
cells, in turn leading to immunogenic uptake of tumor anti-
gens and activation of a tumor speciWc T cell response [52].
These data may prove highly signiWcant for future trials
combining immune therapy with chemotherapy, and cer-
tainly highlights that there is more to death than dying; that
the exact mechanism by which death occurs plays an
important role in directing subsequently elicited immuno-
logical reactions. Obviously, such data only become impor-
Table 1 EYcacy of tumor cell killing by CTL
Low <30% lysis, Medium 30–60% lysis, High >60% lysis
ND not done
Target cell line/clone Bcl-(X)L173–182
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Cancer Immunol Immunother (2008) 57:1735–17431739
tant once we consider the notion of combination, since—as
we know all too well from the use of these drugs for
decades—even the most immunologically relevant ways of
dying does not by itself induce curative immunity. How-
ever, considering the delicate balance between inXamma-
tion and immunity [18], combination of "tailor-selected"
chemotherapy and immune modulation, e.g., vaccination
may aid tipping the balance. Clinical trials are ongoing that
combine vaccination and chemotherapy to accomplish this,
however, due to the complexity of these interactions one
should expect a bumpy road to improvements of current
strategies. As an example of the complexity and plasticity
of the mechanisms that governs the exact immunological
response, high-mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB-1)—
an intra-cellular protein involved in inXammation as well as
tumorigenesis, is withheld in the cell or liberated to the
environment depending on the type of death, and also
seems to play opposite roles depending on the presence or
absence of other cytokines in the micro-environment [40].
As indicated above novel insight into the immune sys-
tem has revealed yet another layer of the breathtaking com-
plexity of the system. The idea of suppressor or veto-cells
as suppressors of, e.g., anti-tumor responses is certainly not
new, and even 25 years ago improved outcome of immune
therapy when combined with chemotherapy was suggested
to be due to eradication of such suppressor cells [51]. In
lack of suYcient evidence for the presence of such cells the
concept was abandoned [60]. Recently the concept of sup-
pressor cells—or regulatory T cells (Treg)—has gained
new life. Based on solid data the existence and relevance of
CD4+, CD25+, Foxp3+ positive T cells that are able to sup-
press cellular immune responses has been Wrmly validated
Mounting evidence suggests a role of Treg in inhibiting
anti-tumor responses, and obviously points to a scenario in
which selective clearing or inhibition of Treg could aug-
ment the eYcacy of vaccination [16]. Regarding the biol-
ogy of Treg data from murine models have demonstrated
the presence of thumus derived Treg (leaves the thymus as
Treg; "natural Treg"), and adaptive Treg. These Wndings
have been extrapolated to humans; however, evidence is
scarce for the presence of natural Tregs in humans. More-
over, the human life span in combination with the onset of
thymic envolution quite early in life, argues against a piv-
otal role of such cells 20–40 years after termination of thy-
mic output [14]. This holds some implications in the
therapy of cancer, in terms of strategies to manipulate these
cells, e.g., by selective clearing by chemotherapy. First, it
highlights that human Tregs are probably not a special sub-
set of self-speciWc T cells that are restricted to regulate
auto-immunity, and thus, that Tregs should be viewed as
"counter-response" T cells that only emerge upon long last-
ing immune responses. Hence, long lasting CTL responses
will inevitably lead to a "drag along" Treg response. The
implications in the clinic are that clearance of Treg will not
elicit long lasting eVects since new Tregs will emerge, and,
thus, auto-immunity that may develop will vanish as well.
In addition clearance of Tregs is likely to be required at an
interval that in part depends on the magnitude of the anti-
tumor response. In support of the above notion it has been
shown that (some) CD4 T cells diVerentiate from naïve
through memory to a Wnal FoxP3 state [75]. Also, it has
been shown that low dose cyclophosphamide—which has
selective cytotoxic eVects on Tregs—are capable of clear-
ing Treg, but the eVect is short lived [29]. Other drugs may
have identical or similar eVects, however, for each drug the
dosing and schedule needs careful examination to allow for
clearing or inhibition of Treg while still maintaining CTL
responses. Whether a similar strategy could be used for
manipulating other immune cells with suppressive capacity
is not yet known [24, 28, 63].
Research into the biology of Tregs is moving forward at
high pace. In the next few years we will see new data on the
origin, diVerentiation, function and speciWcity of these
cells, and in parallel data from administration of chemo-
therapy or antibodies for clearance or inhibition of these
cells in the clinic will emerge. Undoubtedly, these data will
heavily inXuence the way we conduct future therapeutic
vaccination against cancer, hopefully integrating immune
therapy of cancer with conventional treatment strategies to
the beneWt of the patients.
Combination with treatment regiments targeting
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes are known to initiate target cell
death via two pathways: CD95 ligand and perforin/gran-
zyme (granule-mediated killing). Granzyme B is a major
eVector molecule of granule-mediated killing that rapidly
induces cell death after entering the cytoplasm of the target
cell [17]. It has been described that diVerential expression
of apoptosis-related genes might underlie tumor-speciWc
diVerences in susceptibility to an eVerent arm of the
immune response, i.e., immunologic cytotoxicity [37].
Hence, the intrinsic resistance of tumor cells to immuno-
logic cytotoxicity might pose a signiWcant limitation to the
eYcacy of cancer immunotherapy. The resistance of tumor
cells to immune cell-mediated apoptosis may contribute to
the failure of tumor immunosurveillance, the phenomenon
of tumor growth despite inWltration by tumor-speciWc lym-
phocytes, as well as the failure of tumor vaccines to induce
clinical responses despite evidence for priming of eVector T
In view of this, it is very interesting that strategies aimed
at inhibiting the expression or function of anti-apoptotic
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1740Cancer Immunol Immunother (2008) 57:1735–1743
proteins has gained considerable attention [76, 77]. In this
regard, it has been described that targeting of the inhibitor
of apoptosis protein XIAP by Smac agonists or XIAP–
siRNA enhanced the susceptibility of cancer cells for CTL–
mediated cytotoxicity [37]. Likewise, combining survivin
vaccination with a strategy using synthetic peptides that
compete with caspases for binding to IAPs could lead to a
situation in which the surface presentation of survivin pep-
tides/HLA complexes would remain unchanged but the
cancer cells would be more susceptible for killing by survi-
vin speciWc T cells.
Monoclonoal antibodies and inhibition of angiogenesis
Monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of cancer have
emerged—after decades in the dark—as very eVective
drugs. Several mechanisms are involved depending on the
antibody as well as the target antigen. Among the immuno-
logical mechanisms, antibody dependent cell cytotoxicity
and complement-associated mechanisms are at play. Proba-
bly the relevance of adaptive immunity depends on the bio-
logical mechanisms induced by the antibody. As already
discussed in relation to chemotherapy, the type of death may
play a role, however, FC part of the antibody may also direct
the target protein to processing and presentation to T cells.
Angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels by
sprouting of the existing vasculature, occurs in cancer but
in only a limited range of healthy adult tissues such as the
ovary and endometrium during the menstrual cycle or as
part of the process of wound healing. Anti-angiogenic ther-
apy utilizes the fact that all tumors beyond a minimal size
depend on neo-angiogenesis [33]. Since anti-angiogenic
therapy targets the tumor vasculature and prevents tumor
growth beyond a certain size, whereas tumor immunother-
apy targets the tumor cells, combination of anti-angiogenic
therapy and tumor immunotherapy could be highly syner-
gistic. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) repre-
sents one of the most speciWc and critical regulators of
angiogenesis by regulating endothelial proliferation, per-
meability, and survival. The FDA approval in 2004 of Bev-
acizumab (Avastin) for the treatment of metastatic colon
cancer certainly underscores the relevance of targeting
angiogenesis, and several monoclonal Ab are now
approved as anti-angiogenic therapeutics yet for few indi-
cations, but numerous phase II and III trials are ongoing
[25]. Considering potential beneWts of combining Avastin
with vaccination, circulating VEGF seem to be correlated
to immune suppression [27, 39], suggesting that vaccina-
tion subsequent to or concurrently with Bevacizumab may
improve the eYcacy of vaccination.
It has been demonstrated that active immunotherapy tar-
geting endothelial products like vascular endothelial
growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-2 protein could inhibit
tumor progression [84]. Likewise, it was recently described
that tumor growth could be inhibited in mice after vaccina-
tion with peptides derived from (VEGFR)-1. This was
associated with signiWcant suppression of tumor-induced
angiogenesis without showing apparent adverse eVects
[84]. In addition, survivin, Bcl-2 or Mcl-1 are expressed at
high levels in endothelial cells during tumor-angiogenesis
[20]. Thus, the targeting of survivin, Bcl-2 or Mcl-1 in a
vaccination setting might not only strike the tumor cells,
but in addition targets the tumor stroma, due to the fact that
these proteins are highly expressed in endothelial cells dur-
ing tumor-angiogenesis. Hence, the eradication of lung
tumor metastases in mice by vaccination induced, survivin-
speciWc T cells was achieved by joint suppression of angio-
genesis in the tumor neovasculature and induction of tumor
cell apoptosis [81, 84]. Importantly, the suppression of
angiogenesis induced by the vaccine did not impair wound
healing or fertility of treated mice. Inhibition of angiogene-
sis by active immunotherapy oVers two attractive features:
(1) vaccination against survivin implies the concurrent tar-
geting of angiogenesis and cancer cells and (2) due to the
genetically stable nature and limited proliferative capacity
of endothelial cells compared to cancer cells, the risk of
HLA-loss, antigen-loss, or antigen processing–loss is
exceedingly low, if relevant at all. A primary concern of
immunizing against angiogenesis-associated products is
interference with normal angiogenesis, especially if the
eVect is sustained. So far no vaccination-associated toxicity
was observed when late stage melanoma patients were vac-
cinated with survivin in a compassionate use setting despite
the fact that strong CTL responses were introduced in all
patients [54]. Nevertheless, it is clear that even extensive
phase I/II trials are not really suited for analyses of poten-
tial side eVect presenting several years after termination of
the trial, and clearly these issues demands further attention.
With the fast through-put technologies developed over
the past decade [13, 45], our insight into the molecular
events that lead to malignant phenotype have reached
another level of understanding. Obviously, characteriza-
tion of new markers or patterns set the stage for the spe-
ciWc targeting of cancer cells by the development of new
therapies, which in turn can be combined with strategies
that take advantage of the targeting capacity of the
immune system. The crucial point is to focus on structures
that combines current knowledge not only in the Weld of
cancer biology per se, but also includes the interplay
between current conventional treatment strategies and how
this inXuences the malignant cell population and the
immune system. Without any doubt, although a large num-
ber of antigens have been characterized to date it appears
that we have nonetheless only revealed the tip of the ice-
berg. However, future eVorts should focus on antigens or
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Cancer Immunol Immunother (2008) 57:1735–17431741
groups of antigens that conceptually incorporate biological
and clinical knowledge.
In conclusion, the synergistic eVects of conventional and
immunological therapies necessitate re-thinking of the clin-
ical strategies not only with respect to the chosen chemo-
therapeutics, but also considering design of the selected
immunotherapy. In this respect, targeting of proteins or pat-
terns that are important for survival and growth of cancer
cells seems to be promising as a universal anti-tumor vac-
cine, which synergistically boosts the eVects of conven-
tional cytotoxic therapies.
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Use a combination of these core back exercises to strengthen your lower, upper or middle back areas. Whether you're interested in barbell deadlifts or reverse extensions, we have back strengthening exercises for every level. These exercises are also featured in convenient workout routines that include proper warm-up and cool-down techniques, which greatly reduces the risk of injury.
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Summer is just around the corner and that means hot weather and a desire to look your best at the beach. Here are four foods to watch out for that can make you feel water-logged and get you into "bloat" trouble, along with four foods that can help you to look and feel light...
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Michelle Pfeiffer will make a cameo appearance
The tiny twosome from Sandler pic "Big Daddy", siblings Cole and Dylan Sprouse, have reportedly scored the lead roles in a remake of "The Prince & The Pauper", according to The Palm Beach Post.
The film, co-starring Ed Lauter ("Not Another Teen Movie"), Dedee Pfieffer and Sally Kellerman, Vincent Spano ("Silence") and Dean Cain, is inspired by Mark Twain's vintage yarn about a prince and a beggar trading places. Michelle Pfeiffer, obviously a good sport, has also agreed to make a cameo appearance in the film.
One of the guys behind the movie is Jonathan Crane, the chap behind the "Look Who's Talking" movies.
The Sony pic is currently shooting, and will be until Christmas. It'll be squeezed onto a 2007 release schedule shortly.
- Jeremy London, Ethan Suplee returning for Mallrats 2 - March 28, 2015
- Dorff gets a badge for Texas Chainsaw prequel - March 28, 2015
- Another '90s TV Hit returning! - March 28, 2015
- Super Troopers 2 director answers those lingering questions! - March 28, 2015
- Blade Runner actress nixed from sequel? - March 28, 2015
- Transformers sequels, spin offs in the works - March 28, 2015
- Seinfeld fave in talks for Force Majeure remake - March 28, 2015
- Beauty and the Beast finds it's Garderobe - March 28, 2015
- First look at Patrick Stewart in Blunt Talk - March 28, 2015
- Cast announced for School of Rock TV series - March 28, 2015
Against the Current - the band, not adventures in dangerous swimming 101
Zedd - If our love is tragedy, why are you my remedy? (Well, answer my question!)
Arrow (Okay, Felicity from Arrow!)
Chrissy Costanza (cat eyes and buttery lyrics!)
Girls (TV) (Okay, Allison Williams!)
Movies - especially when they play in the dark.
Twin Peaks (TV)
Friends (TV) (It had me at "No way are you cool enough to pull Clint"; damn straight, Chandler!)
Traveling - preferably where water is, so I can splash someone!
Star Wars trilogy - no, the other one, fella!
Alex G - far more talented than her younger brother Alex H
Cameron Crowe movies - Say Anything..., Jerry Maguire, Almost Famous
The sign 'Free Wi-Fi'.
Reenacting dance/song scenes from "Grease" with my little girl (hey! Wait till you see my 'Summer Lovin'! - don't judge)
Die Hard - 40 stories of Sheer Adventure!
Alex Goot & Friends (his enemies aren't half as talented!)
Cooking up a nice dish and sitting in the entertainment area, on a cool night, basking in it's greatness.
Inflatable kids pools full of Vodka Lime Crush.
Acidic Email from angry, over passionate teenagers after I trash something "Twilight"-related on the site. Sparkle elsewhere.
My baby girl's big, caring heart.


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Safco Products Company 1 Pocket Magazine Rack
Safco Products Company 1 Pocket Magazine Rack
Additional Documents
Weights & Dimensions
|Product Type: Magazine rack/stand
|Style: Wall mounted
|Finish: White
|Hardware Included: Yes
|Wheels Included: No
|Pockets Included: Yes
|Shelves Included: No
|Double-Sided: No
|Country of Manufacture: United States
About the ManufacturerSafco Products Company, a division of Liberty Diversified International, was founded over 40 years ago. Since then, Safco has grown to be a leading provider of organization and comfort enhancing products for the workplace. Their product offering ensures high quality, up market design, at mid-market prices and surrounded by remarkable service.
Today, they are proud to offer over 2,200 premier products that have been designed to fit the needs of individuals and the way they work, while meeting the needs for organization in the workplace, home, school, or where ever they work.
Safco Products Company 1 Pocket Magazine Rack
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Great buy
Beth from Huntsville, Utah– Verified Buyer
I used this magazine rack in a narrow toilet stall under the toilet paper holder. It is compact, holds about three magazines which are all I can handle. My husband has a wooden magazine wall rack which is a little fancier, but I like the simplicity of mine.
Very nice display pocket
OfficeManager from Ann Arbor, MI– Verified Buyer
We use these as mail slots outside offices. They are transparent, so are relatively unobstrusive, that is, they don't become a design element in-and-of-themselves. One feature we like, but did not think of when buying them, is that the opening at the bottom allows them to be dusted out more easily and also allows people to retrieve short items that don't reach all the way to the top (small envelopes, etc.).
GREAT cutting board holder!
milkwoman from Beverly, MA
I'm using this pocket for something other than what it is intended. It works PERFECTLY in my kitchen hung on the inside of one of my base cabinet doors to hold my cutting boards out of the way but easily accessible. [...] the best price out there! Good job, Wayfair! :-)
Valued Customer from Nevada– Verified Buyer
OUR SKU # SF21421 Pocket Magazine Rack is also sometimes listed under the following manufacturer numbers: 5621CL


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AUTANA trailer HD
A Outdoor video by KendalMountainFestival - 1,111 views
Exclusive at KMF 2012 - AUTANA NIGHTS (17 Nov at 20:00) Adventure climber Leo Houlding and film maker Alastair Lee are back with another sumptuous production of truly epic proportions. This time Leo (UK) and fellow climbers Sean Leary (USA) and Jason Pickles (Salford) head deep into the Amazon in an attempt to make the first ascent of the east face of the remote tepu; Cerro Autana. The action beings with a covert journey via military check-points and secret ports through Amazonas State. Our team of clandestine climbers disguised as tourists travel down the Orinoco River to the remote village of Ceguera where they make a traumatic psychotropic visit to the local Shaman to gain access to the sacred mountain. From here sweltering humidity, porter chaos and an assortment of jungle nastiest are just a part of this spectacular journey of self-discovery and big wall hunting. Follow our team of redoubtable characters as they find their way up the jungle infested rock face as they are amazed not only at the climbing but a luxury wall camp in the incredible Autana Cave system just below the summit of the Tepu (highest elevated cave system in the world). An adventure unlike any other, adventure film making takes another step into the unknown with superb results. Original, experimental, entertaining and visually stunning.


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configuration management databaseAbbreviated as CMDB, in ITIL terminology the configuration management database is a database that contains all relevant information about each configuration item (CI) including the CI location, status, and also its interconnectivity with other configuration items. The CMDB is also used to consolidate disparate data sets and be a current and accurate source of information about data within an organizations' IT environment.
Perceptual computing is the ability for a computer to recognize what is going on around it. More specifically, the computer can perceive the... Read More »Apple Pay Promises to Strengthen Payment Security
Experts believe that Apple Pay and other competitive payment systems will be far more secure than cards, even cards equipped with EMV chips. Read More »The Great Data Storage Debate: Is Tape Dead?
Tape clearly is on the decline. But remember, legacy systems can hang for a shockingly long time. Read More »
A network is a group of two or more computer systems or devices, linked together to share resources, exchange files and electronic communications.... Read More »Computer Architecture Study Guide
This Webopedia study guide describes the different parts of a computer system and their relations. Read More »Webopedia Polls
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Datamation Hangouts with Tech ExpertsWatch Datamation's editor James Maguire moderate roundtable discussions with tech experts from companies such as Accenture, Dell, Blue Jeans Network, Microsoft and more »


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Yiddish Curses for GOP Jews
That hot new website making fun of Jewish Republicans? My husband and I made it—and you're welcome.
Hebrew's Special Pride
Firgun is the ungrudging pleasure one takes in another's good fortune, and there's no English word for it
Hasidic Writers, Plugged In
For some ultra-Orthodox writers, the tension between obedience and skepticism in their community fuels a unique art
Sundown: Never Forgetting and Iran
Plus Manna that travels with you, a Swiss shul, and more
Sundown: Palestinian Stations Raided
Plus meh, and meh
The Family Crisis
Lost Books
Mother Tongue
A passionate, crusading Yiddisher tries to keep the Eastern European language alive in the cosmopolitan center of the Jewish state
Stark Loss
The death of a beloved Solomon Schechter teacher shadows a community of former students—many now at the forefront of American Jewish life
Daybreak: Slammed on Settlements at U.N.
Plus Iran faces inflation and may admit inspectors, and more in the news


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Come visit me, Gus--Chi chi ♥ RIP & Chi chi RIP my sweet girl..
Come visit me, Abby~ Thanks EveryBirdy!, *~Blueberry~*, ~*Ogre*~ (2003-2013), Grendel~ WOW Thanks everybirdy!!!, *~Snowball~*, Grithr, Lucky, Homer & Giggle.
Come visit me, Dino.
Come visit me, Derby Farms, Chyna & Bailey ♥ RIP.
Come visit me, Digger Sept 29, 1998 - June 11, 2005, KACEY & MIKEY'S WEDDING PAGE MARCH 3, 2012, MAY 9,2009 THE WEDDING OF SWEETPEPPER & KIDDO, MAXIMILLIAN AUG 25,1992-MARCH 14,2010 R.I.P., SWEETPEPPER LUVS KIDDO, TIEL TERRORS BASEBALL TEAM PRACTICE FIELD & KACEY LUVS HER MIKEY.
Ronnie Lee, Charlotte, NC.
Come visit me, Polly; V4 BooBoo #162724 BOTM & Zippy; V4 BooBoo #162724 BOTM.
Come visit me, Paddy Cake & Piddy Girl, CORI reigning champ on feed the birdie & BOO BOO VOTE BOO BOO BOTM 162724.
Come visit me, ANGEL LOVES CORI & PEPPER LOVES ZIPPY.
Come visit me, Chipper.
Come visit me, 10K Hall of Fame, BOTD ARCHIVES, Sugar and Pippo~Vote 4 BooBoo 162724 Everyday!! & The Calendar Page~Mangoes for March!.
Come visit me, PARKER, SILVER, APACHE MARRIED HIS LOVE SNOWFLAKE ON 09/20/14, OZ (MY MOMMY'S DREAM BIRD) & CHEYENNE MARRIED HER JEDI ON 09/20/14.
Come visit me, Baby/Vote10K /Chip257319/ & Oki,/Vote BOTM BooBoo162724/Mournin- g Gizmo.
Come visit me, Shaggy--2010-2013, Ipo, Sidney ~~ALWAYS IN MY HEART~~6/1996-2/2013, Oatie Odette *Thank you for the honor 11/27/13, Sophie O'Too, Pimer--Thanks you all, Jules, Punkin *My Dearest Little One--5/23/03 to 9/16/13* & Makana *I am honored as BOTD 10-17-14* Thank You.
Come visit me, Raffi , PumBaa & Max say Happy Easter!.
Come visit me, Carter-Justice For Ozzi-TY 4 BOTD 8/28/14, Doo Diligence-Justice for Ozzi, Cookie-Justice For Ozzi-thank you for BOTD 7/31/14, Charlie-Justice 4 Ozzy-TY for BOTD 10/29/14, Tricky D- RIP 12/12/12-Thank you BOTD 12/12/14, Teal'c-Thank you for BOTD 10-14-14 Justice for Ozz, Elvis Thank you for BOTD 2/22/15, Joshua Chico Justice for Ozzi, Blue-Justice for Ozzi-TY 4 BOTD 9/7/14, Moggie -Justice for Ozzi, George (Gen George Hammond)RIP Gen 12/13/08, Cu-Bird -Justice for Ozzi, Nanday Security Services, LLC, Miranda -Justice for Ozzi, Captain Darling-RIP 5/19/2014 ty 4 BOTD 9/19/14 & Baldrick Thank you for BOTD 3/20/14.
Come visit me, Silver Sluggers Page Where Greyt Things Happen & Scruffy Bird Band Wants To See YOU At the Milonga!.
Come visit me, Gizmo, I miss you, sweet boy, Willie, Peppino, Divo & Falco.
Come visit me, Gabbie, Kallie, Peepers & Dixie.
Susan, Boiling Springs, SC.
Come visit me, Kaji ~ Vote Boo Boo #162724 for BOTM in April!.
Come visit me, Scion- RIP our Buddy Bird - Jan. 29, 2015, Budgies, Kiwi & Button, Limon & Lima, Squeaky- Egg for Easter!, Picabo- Vote BooBoo - BOTM 162724 & Angel Alfie (RIP).
Come visit me, MIKEY D, thank-you for BOTD friends!, birdie haven park, CHUEY, sweetpea, thanks for botd, zoey & cricket & nakita.
*Content generated by our loyal visitors, which includes comments and club postings, is free of constraints from our editors' red pens, and therefore not governed by I-5 Publishing, LLC's Gold Standard Quality Content, but instead allowed to follow the free form expression necessary for quick, inspired and spontaneous communication.
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Jaszbereny Things to Do
Nagyboldogaszony Church Jaszbereny
I found this plaque outside the church whichgives the name of the 2 architects who rebuiltthe church in (Someone please tell me if they can guess the date on the plaque?) ???? byAndras Mayerhoffer and Joszef Jung, the namessound more like Hungarian Jewish names thanJasz or typical Hungarian.more
Park outside the Church
There were several monumentsoutside the church, one was a World War 1 memorial. There is also a fountain with frogsgushing water out of their mouths. Some more history about the church..After Jász people had settled down here the Franciscan monks converted them to the Catholic faith, and the monks were the first to build a church here in 1472 which...more
Nagyboldogaszony Church short history
This was the first church in Jaszbereny, it was built in gothic style in 1332 on the main square of the town . . An adjoining tower was built to it towards the river Zagyva - at that time the main entrance was facing the river. After several renovations - once it was damaged by an earthquake - it gained its present-day baroque character in 1782....more
Nagyboldogaszony Church Jaszbereny
cgThere was a beautiful park with lots of trees and bencheswhere lots of the elderly and young come to relax.The temprature was +37 degrees warm on the daywe were there so the shade of the trees was more than welcome.more
Nagyboldogaszony Church Jaszbereny
The church looks impressive outside and adorned with several statues. There is a beautifulpark outside with other statues and monuments.more
the Nagyboldogaszony Church
the Nagyboldogaszony Church (Church of the Virgin Mary)One of the most famous churches in the region andwell worth a visit. Situated in Lehel Vezer Square.he actual date when the church was built is not known but it was already mentioned in documentsdated from 1332.The church was originally built in a Gothic style but the present building is pure...more
Monument to Jász people
You will find this monument at the end of the main square.The coats of arms of the Jasz towns and villages surroundthe base of the monument. Below some history of thisproud people.In the 13th century. The Jász (or Jazygian) people of Asian origin from Persia arrived in the Carpathian basin along with the Kun people. The Hungarian king granted them...more
The churches of Jaszbereny
One of the most famous is the Nagyboldogaszony Church (Church of the Virgin Mary) which is situated in Lehel Vezer Square.The church was originally Gothic but the present building is pure baroque in style. The actual date when the church was built is unknown but it was already mentioned in 1332.more
What to do in Jaszbereny
Try this link and also the local Tourinform office in the Town Square opposite the Town HallRestaurants and cafes:Lehel Gyöngye Restaurant, Apostol Coffee Bar, Arizona Steakhouse, Gösser Fórum Brasserie, Ifjúsági Restaurant, Kehely Restaurant, Kõhídi Restaurant, Krémes - Mézes Confectionery, Morik Caffe, Paloma Restaurant, Pannónia Bar & Disco,...more
Jaszbereny Restaurants
Usually open to 11pm or 9 on Sundays. Good service but they are forbidden to serve a glass of tap water? A first for me after 8 years in Hungary. I dont like bottled still water when the tap water is just as good.
Other places.....Restaurant:
Lehel Gyöngye Restaurant, Apostol Coffee Bar, Arizona Steakhouse, Gösser Fórum Brasserie, Ifjúsági Restaurant, Kehely Restaurant, Kõhídi Restaurant, Krémes - Mézes Confectionery, Morik Caffe, Paloma Restaurant, Pannónia Bar & Disco, Sarokház Ice-cream, Stella Classic Restaurant, Viktórió Pizzeria, Zöld Ász Restaurant
Favorite Dish: They only serve ice cream and drinksRelated to:
- Family Travel
- Festivals
Jaszbereny Nightlife
Restaurants, ice cream parlours + more in Bereny:
Lehel Gyöngye Restaurant, Apostol Coffee Bar,
Arizona Steakhouse, Gösser Fórum Brasserie,
Ifjúsági Restaurant, Kehely Restaurant,
Kõhídi Restaurant, Krémes - Mézes Confectionery,
Morik Caffe, Paloma Restaurant, Pannónia Bar & Disco,
Sarokház Ice-cream, Stella Classic Restaurant,
Viktórió Pizzeria, Zöld Ász Restaurant
Lehel Cinema, Jászberény ZooRelated to:
- Singles
- Road Trip
- Family Travel
Jaszbereny Local Customs
Neighbouring towns
Jászapáti | Jászárokszállás | Jászberény | Jászfényszaru
Neigbouring villages
| Jánoshida |
Jászágó |
Jászalsószentgyörgy |
|Jászdózsa |
| Jászivány
| Jászjákóhalma |
Jászkisér |
Jászladány |
| Jásztelek |
Jaszbereny Off The Beaten Path
NATIONALLY RECOGNIZED PROTECTED NATURE PRESERVES IN THE NORTH PLAINS REGIOn
Szatmár-Beregi Landscape Conservation Region
Areas in the region:
Beregszász Forest, Birhó Forest (Fehérgyarmat), Bockerek Forest, Csaholc Forest, Cserköz Forest (Magosliget), Déda Forest, Fülesd Forest, Nemesborzova Forest, Kisasszony Forest with Báb Lake (Csaroda), Kisszekeres Forest, Lónya Forest, Rekesz Forest (Sonkád), Ricse Forest, Tarpa Large Forest, Tarpa Téb Forest Baktalórántháza Forest
Bátorliget Meadow
Bátorliget Marsh
Cégénydányád Park
Fényi Forest
Kállósemjén Mossy Lake
Tiszadob Floodlands
Tiszatele-Tiszabercel Floodlands
Tiszavasvár White Soil
Barabás Kaszony Mountain
Nyíregyháza Botanical Garden
Hortobágy National Park
This is Central Europe's largest, most expansive plain and the unique animal and plant life here, with its own culture, is also a part of being a World Heritage Site.
Central Tisza Landscape Conservation Region
Areas in the region:
Tiszapüspök Tisza Bank
Szajol Flood Plain
Rákócziújfalu Flood Plain
Vezseny Floodlands
Körös-Maros National Park
Hajta Marsh
Zagyvament Natural Conservation Area
Pusztamizse Natural Conservation Area
Game Preserve Natural Conservation Area
Bátorliget Marsh
Hajdúság Landscape Conservation Region
Kecsker Plains Natural Conservation Area
Butter-lake Natural Conservation Area
Zádor Bridge Area Natural Conservation AreaRelated to:
- Eco-Tourism
- National/State Park
Instant Answers: Jaszbereny
Get an instant answer from local experts and frequent travelers


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Suitland on alert after woman, 84, beaten and robbed at home
A Suitland neighborhood is on alert after an 84-year-old woman was beaten up and robbed in her own home.15 Comments
Report: Second arrest made in Harris murder
Police have arrested another suspect connected to the slaying of community activist Lenny Harris. Police earlier this week arrested a 49-year-old man and charged him in the killing.133 Comments
Man convicted in nun killing to be sentenced
An illegal immigrant convicted of killing a Benedictine nun from Prince William County and injuring two others will learn his fate today.12 Comments
Georgetown murder suspect continues hunger strike
Albrecht Muth, the German-born man charged with killing his much-older socialite wife inside their Georgetown home, did not appear in court as scheduled today while he continues a weeks-long fast.13 Comments
ABC7 Exclusive: Drivers talk about end of D.C. police chase
ABC7's Autria Godfrey was the only reporter to interview the drivers whose cars became part of the police barricade that stopped a runaway driver in a black Lincoln Navigator on New York Avenue Thursday evening.23 Comments
Photo of suspected UMd. cell phone snatcher released
Police have released new surveillance video images of a man who allegedly stole a cell phone from a University of Maryland student on Sunday.18 Comments
Suspect accused of using Craigslist to lure teen for sex
An alleged victim's mother noticed an odd message on her son's phone. Posing as him, she texted the suspect.8 Comments
Ketcham Elementary sexual assault suspect at large
Police say the suspect walked into the Southeast Washington school during school hours and inappropriately touched a young girl. The man is still being sought by D.C. police.30 Comments
Police release picture of abandoned infant's towel
D.C. police have released a photo of the towel in which an abandoned baby girl was found the Gateway neighborhood of Northeast Washington. The baby's parents have still not been found.6 Comments
Former MPD sergeant gets 18 months in elderly theft case
Aisha Hackley earlier pleaded guilty in D.C. Superior Court to one count of first degree theft from a senior citizen.43 Comments
D.C. schools promise safety following Ketcham sexual assault
Thursday afternoon, Ketcham Elementary School has surveillance cameras after a sexual assault on a student Wednesday. And police sources tell ABC7's Sam Ford they have images of the suspect.4 Comments
9-year-old caught with swiped iPhone
A stolen iPhone was found in the possession of a 9-year-old boy on Friday, the Spotsylvania County Sheriff's Office said Friday. Two adults are under arrest.10 Comments
Bowie State murder suspect faces hearing Friday
The Bowie State University student who stands accused of stabbing her roommate to death in their dorm room last September faces a status hearing on Friday.30 Comments
Frederick County community angered by racist graffiti on Md. 180
A Frederick County neighborhood is hurt and angry, after they discovered racist graffiti spray painted on a street a few weeks ago.26 Comments
Food delivery workers targeted by robbers
There has been a string of at least a half dozen robberies, some of them at gunpoint, in the Woodbridge area. Those who deliver food are targets.7 Comments
Search on for suspect in Germantown Subway robberies
Montgomery County Police detectives are on the hunt for a man they say has robbed the same Germantown Subway restaurant twice since New Year's Day.4 Comments
McLean man arrested after allegedly setting house on fire
Authorities charged Chit Nyi Chitty, of McLean, with the burning of an occupied dwelling. Four people were displaced by the fire, which caused about $20,000 worth of damage.8 Comments
Suspects identified in NW sexual assault
D.C police have identified two men sought in a reported sexual assault in a Northwest building earlier this month.
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ABC7 News at 4 Now Weekdays!ABC7 is giving you MORE news in your afternoons with an extra hour, an hour earlier! Join ABC7's Leon Harris and Alison Starling for what's trending in your community and world. Every weekday afternoon at 4pm right after "The Queen Latifah Show" at 3pm on ABC7.
Photo Galleries Pictures from around the region
Daily Eye Wonder January 2015
The L'Enfant Plaza Metro station evacuation in pictures
Photos: D.C.'s first accumulating snow of the season
Photos: Plane crashes into homes in Gaithersburg, Md.
PHOTOS: Marion Barry was D.C.'s 'Mayor for Life'
Photos: Marion Barry Funeral Procession around D.C.


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Gardening Books
Everyone knows that gardening is a great way to provide yourself with food and something nice to look at. But to maximise the time you spend outside, and do your gardening without pesticides we've found some great practical books on the subject. They have info about the soil, earthworms, biodynamics and permaculture just to begin with. These inspirational books will have you grabbing the gardening gloves in no time!
In fact, if you feel like gardening right now, how about visiting our Outside & Garden department, where you'll find all the tools and equipment you'll need!
102 products in this category, displaying products 26 to 50.
Eco Gardens
Garden to Plate
Native gardens
On a Budget
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Putting Up Spinach
uaskigyrl(7)May 3, 2013
Hi All,
Is pressure canning spinach worth is? Or should I just freeze it?
digdirt2(6b-7a No.Cent. AR HZ8 Sun-35)
All depends on if you like canned spinach or not. Try a canned of commercial canned spinach if you never have. It is strictly a personal preference thing. Wife and I love it but I know many don't care for it.
The alternative is to dehydrate it. Stores that way forever and can be crumbled and added to all sorts of dishes. Great for those who think they don't like spinach. ;)


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Sommer Garden question
I am looking for a nursery that sells brugmansias and came upon Sommer Garden in Clermont. So far I have not yet received an answer from them whether I can go there directly instead of using mail order.
Is anyone familiar with this nursery? Any comments, positive or negative?
Any idea where else I could get brugmansias in Lake County?
Copied from their website" "Sommer Gardens is not set-up to be open for public visitation. Plants are sold at local plant shows and markets, via ebay, and beginning in early 2012, via our online store."
Here is a link that might be useful: Sommer link
What are you looking for. Most of what I see at plant shows around here are just boring white ones not named,
They are one of the easiest plants to start from cuttings. and by the end of the summer you will have 6' tall plants if they are in the ground .
I can offer you lots of cuttings of pink, a yellow and possibly a peach, just pay for postage.
if you want to make a drive to Orlando I also have 2 pink ones that have self rooted they are about 3 ft tall you can have.
send me an email if you would like some
Thank you for all the information. I found a nursery in Astatula that has them. I don't mind 'boring' white as long as they are nicely fragrant. My last attempt at growing them failed two winters ago. A pink variety died and never came back. They had no fragrance, so I was not too upset.


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There hasn't been a good western in years (was "Unforgiven" the last good one?), so it's great to see the genre is making a comeback with "Renegade" – even if its a western with a difference, and not necessarily, uber-entertaining
Director: Jan Kounen
Starring: Vincent Cassel, Juliette Lewis, Michael Madsen, Temuera Morrison, Ernest Borgnine
There hasn't been a good western in years (was "Unforgiven" the last good one?), so it's great to see the genre is making a comeback with "Renegade" – even if its a western with a difference, and not necessarily, uber-entertaining.
Cassel ("Ocean's Twelve") plays Marshall Blueberry, a chap that decides to go up against some greedy adventurers, who he has discovered are crossing into Indian Territory in search of buried treasure. Raised by injuns as a teenager, Blueberry is suddenly caught between his lawful duties and his allegiance to his adopted people.
As I said, this is not your typical western. Take "Young Guns" and then combine it with the craziness of "Natural Born Killers", and you get the picture. Nearly. Is it entertaining? I dunno, depends on how much you've smoked before watching it. Whatever the case, it's definitely watchable anyway.
Reviewer : Clint Morris
- Trailer : Masterminds - March 31, 2015
- When will we see the next Star Wars trailer!? - March 31, 2015
- Shrek to appear in new Puss in Boots sequel? - March 31, 2015
- Disney developing live-action Mulan - March 31, 2015
- Tron 3 ascends into title territory - March 31, 2015
- Superhero Movie Updates : X-Men, Suicide Squad, Deadpool, The Flash, TMNT - March 31, 2015
- NBC bringing The Wiz to Television! - March 31, 2015
- Basu boards Metal Gear Solid - March 31, 2015
- Blunt joins Krasinski in Animal Crackers - March 31, 2015
- Aussie film These Final Hours adapted for Television - March 31, 2015
Against the Current - the band, not adventures in dangerous swimming 101
Zedd - If our love is tragedy, why are you my remedy? (Well, answer my question!)
Arrow (Okay, Felicity from Arrow!)
Chrissy Costanza (cat eyes and buttery lyrics!)
Girls (TV) (Okay, Allison Williams!)
Movies - especially when they play in the dark.
Twin Peaks (TV)
Friends (TV) (It had me at "No way are you cool enough to pull Clint"; damn straight, Chandler!)
Traveling - preferably where water is, so I can splash someone!
Star Wars trilogy - no, the other one, fella!
Alex G - far more talented than her younger brother Alex H
Cameron Crowe movies - Say Anything..., Jerry Maguire, Almost Famous
The sign 'Free Wi-Fi'.
Reenacting dance/song scenes from "Grease" with my little girl (hey! Wait till you see my 'Summer Lovin'! - don't judge)
Die Hard - 40 stories of Sheer Adventure!
Alex Goot & Friends (his enemies aren't half as talented!)
Cooking up a nice dish and sitting in the entertainment area, on a cool night, basking in it's greatness.
Inflatable kids pools full of Vodka Lime Crush.
Acidic Email from angry, over passionate teenagers after I trash something "Twilight"-related on the site. Sparkle elsewhere.
My baby girl's big, caring heart.


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Salomon S-Lab Series Sense 3 Ultra SG Running Shoes are the ultimate and ultra-distance trail running weapon for soft ground. These Salomon S-Lab Series Sense 3 Ultra SG Training Shoes take the aggressive tread of the Speedcross, applies it to the low, light, and fast S-LAB Sense concept. Be aggressive with Salomon S-Lab Series Sense 3 Ultra SG Racing Shoes and keep on running like the wind.
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Latest news
For April Fool's Day Dying Light players get superhuman strength
For tomorrow only, Dying Light players will be able to enhance their character's zombie-punching skills by hunting down tainted barrels of 'Antizin', the game's zombification cure.
Sampling the product in question will cause you to become freakishly strong and fast, able to drop-kick zombies across a courtyard, punch them into bits with your bare hands, and perform various other acts of amusing anti-undead violence.
Build an elite team of international Operatives in Rainbow Six: Siege
Here, Rainbow Six: Siege is still looking a bit tasty, isn't it? Ubisoft has revealed a brace of trailers for its tactical shooter, both of which showcase a new Operator System.
Team Rainbow is of course made up from various elite operatives from across the world; in Siege you'll be able to choose from a various special forces teams, including the SAS, SWAT, and GIGN.
Project Cars players set to receive a free car each month, kicking off with the Lykan Hypersport
Owners of Slightly Mad Studios' upcoming crowd-funded racer Project Cars will receive a free car each month, the developer has announced, the first being the excellently named Lykan Hypersport.
The offer's a thank you to fans for their patience with Project Cars rather lengthy development time – the game was delayed again earlier this year, pushed back from an expected April release date to "mid-May 2015".
Blizzard showcases last batch of Hearthstone: Blackrock Mountain cards in Twitch livestream
Blizzard has revealed the final batch of cards on the way to card game Hearthstone in the new Blackrock Mountain expansion via a livestream on its official Twitch channel.
The broadcast finished yesterday, but you can catch up with the highlights below. In addition, Blizzard's posted the full list of 31 cards on its Facebook page.
Ubisoft hosting "livestream presentation" of Rainbow Six Siege Closed Alpha @ 7.00pm GMT, new gameplay trailer
There's a livestream set for today from Ubisoft where they'll be showing content planned for the PC Closed Alpha for Rainbow Six Siege. The stream begins @ 2.00pm EST / 7.00pm GMT.
The beans are yet to be spilled on the planned Closed Alpha which is due for PC, but footage has leaked recently so it should be starting soon. A new gameplay trailer has been released as well.
EA update The Sims 4 with basements in free content patch
Basement dwellers rejoice because you can now have your Sims skulking underground thanks to the latest content update for The Sims 4. You can even dig two levels deep, and there's now a fourth floor.
The basements can be fully customised in Build Mode for some "absolutely incredible lots." This stretches buildings from three to six floors, which is great for those really, really deep plunge pools.
European Commission "agrees areas for action" for single digital market
Geo-locking is the current bane for consuming digital content today as it keeps up artificial borders that hold back releases and outright prevents others. The European Commission is now looking at legislation to end it.
What does this mean? It could signal the demise of big price differences across regions, as well as their launch dates. Re-directing users to 'local stores' with 'local pricing' would be a big no-no.
64-bit client for Stonehearth with Alpha 9, team "really building momentum now"
It's time to throw off those 32-bit shackles as the new Alpha 9 update for kingdom-builder Stonehearth introduces the option to go 64-bit. This month's alpha update also rebalances combat and adds some music for it.
We also get travelling merchants visiting our towns and they'll buy our excess wares, and we can now toggle an autosave option. There's a "whole boatload of bug fixes" thrown in for good measure.
The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt can have chromatic aberration toggled off
Weird distortions at the edge of your screen? That's likely chromatic aberration, which means not all colours are being focused properly, and it's something that irks some and goes unnoticed by others.
In any case, CD Projekt RED has pledged a setting will be available to slay the beast in The WItcher 3, so no matter where the game camera is focusing you won't get those distorted borders.
Death Row added in latest Prison Architect Alpha 31 update
Introversion has finally brought the solemn duty of executions to the sandbox in Prison Architect, having only been available in the story campaign thus far. Now wardens can construct their own, should they choose to.
It's not a mandatory requirement for a prison, and neither does it afford any 'advantage'. It's available to unlock through the new Lawyer employee, who can also grant permission for 'indeterminate sentences'.
*UPDATED* Dead or Alive 5: Last Round drops on PC, short an online multiplayer mode
Dead or Alive 5: Last Round is available now on PC, which is good. If you want to play online multiplayer though, you'll have to wait up to three months for a patch. Which is bad.
Yes, while the Steam PC version of Team Ninja's brawler features 4K support and even (my god) anti-aliasing, it doesn't yet allow you to beat up your friends online.
Mass Effect 4 on PC "looking great", assures Bioware developer
We'd sort of been assuming that Mass Effect 4 would be available on PC, given the history of the franchise, but it's nice to have some confirmation directly from Bioware.
The game's creative director Mac Walters assured fans on Twitter earlier this month that he's been reviewing the PC version of the game and it's "looking great".
Fly a plane around in Cities: Skylines with the Flight Cimulator mod
Tired of wandering around your municipal creations in Cities: Skylines like some kind of earthbound idiot? Rather take to the skies for a better look?
Well, technically I guess you can already do that. But to do it in style, you need to grab the Flight Cimulator mod and fly a passenger jet around in-game.
Sword Coast Legends developer video shows off real-time Dungeon mastering
I'm going to write this post about Dungeons and Dragons: Sword Coast Legends without referencing a certain other top-down fantasy RPG that dropped recently.
Dammit. Okay, from... Now. With Dragon Age: Origins director Dan Tudge at the helm, Sword Coast Legends is bringing a pretty cool sounding DM mode to the dungeon party, which lets one player set up encounters and adventures for his or her frinds. This new trailer gives us a look at how that works.
First Pillars of Eternity patch set to drop this week
I was actually pretty impressed by the lack of bugs I saw when reviewing Pillars of Eternity, but inevitably once the game hit full release they started crawling out of the woodwork
Luckily Obsidian is on the case. According to the developer the crowd-funded RPG's first patch will drop this week, and should tidy up some of those issues.
Grim and engaging exploration curio Sunless Sea more than doubles dev's sale estimates
Failbetter Games have today announced that their nautical gothic exploration title, Sunless Sea, has more than doubled the best case scenario sales target that were set in place for it.
As of February 25th, the game had sold more than 100,000 copies, which is pretty good going whichever way you slice it.
Blizzard's Overwatch trademark gets suspended. Again.
You would have thought that after the fracas in January with smartphone dev Innovis Labs regarding trademarks, that Blizzard would be out of the woods and away from all that nonsense by now.
Well, they're not. Not by a long shot.
Square Enix offers five mystery Steam PC games for £3.99 in Easter themed bundle
Square Enix are back with new bundle and this time, players can fork over just £3.99 and nab five mystery Square Enix Steam games in return.
The offer kicked off yesterday and runs through until March 31st whereupon the mystery games will be revealed.
WWII air combat title, Flying Tigers: Shadows Over China set for release this summer
Worried that there hasn't been much in the way of WWII air combat titles? Fear not! Publisher/developer Ace Maddox has today announced Flying Tigers: Shadows Over China for release on PC this summer.
The game is based on the secret sorties of America's volunteer squadrons that flew against Japan in the China-Burma-India Theatre of WWII.
3D Realms hiring for new Build Engine title
Developer 3D Realms has put out an ad looking for folks who are familiar with the Build Engine, the very same graphics engine that Duke Nukem 3D was created on.
That would be the same Duke Nukem 3D that released back in January 1996, by the way. Yep.


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On Friday evening the news came that the Sunoco gas station on McLean Avenue would be getting a fuel delivery, so the line began at the Sunoco stretching down Katonah Avenue in the opposite direction of the line for the Hess gas station.
People were taking to Facebook to let others know which stations were up and running with gas and how long the queues were.
At time of print on Sunday night most of the local stations in the Irish area were back in business and the queues were down to about an hour.
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I ordered my items from you...and one of the orders came so fast that it was real magic...wow you guys are good!
Check out my work on...Read More ->
I ordered the Ultimate Wild Card trick and was disappointed that they sent the Joker/5 Hearts version, so I e-mailed Jeff. He kindly offered to...Read More ->


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weather - Page 5
Mind Blown: This Cloud Looks Like the Word 'LOL' [Photo]
Are You Travelling This Independence Day Weekend?
Hurricane Arthur Headed to Nova Scotia, Winds 70 MPH
Severe Thunderstorm Warnings for South Central New York and Northeastern Pennsylvania – July 1, 2014
The National Weather Service has posted severe thunderstorm warnings for parts of south central New York and northeastern Pennsylvania.
Traffic Advisories: June 18, 2014
Odd Lightning Storm In CNY
Incredible Central New York Storm Footage [VIDEO + PHOTO]
Thunderstorms are one of the coolest parts of nature. There is nothing like sitting in an enclosed porch or looking out a window and watching this powerful force alive and active. The smell of the air is something to soak in as well. I got some pretty cool footage of the storm and I want to share it with you!


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Unless you've got a nanny, a housekeeper, a chauffeur, and a chef, it's hard to manage a home and family–and still keep a smile on your face. But, it's worth trying. Because nobody wants a crabby mom. Join me while I try to navigate these choppy waters and keep smiling. Subscribe to my RSS feed […][Continue reading...]
Where We Love, I Mean, Live
Got Milk? A Very So Cal Giveaway
Update: Anyone can win! Check the store locator to see if you have a local store where you could redeem your coupons if you won. As a mom of four strapping young men, I buy a lot of milk. A lot. And while going completely organic is not yet within my budget's reach, one area […][Continue reading...]
Easy Meals – FishMama Style
I didn't plan it this way. But, when I looked at our menus this week, I realized it's going to be a pretty simple and easy week in the kitchen. I am thankful to have a plan because that makes for one less thing to think about. And since I feel as if I am […][Continue reading...]
Grocery Geek Presents: A Costco Week
I just love Costco. Sigh. I told you, didn't I, that when I was pregnant with the first FishKid my hubby and I would drive 45 minutes just to eat dinner there. Wow! What I will do for a cheap, hotdog dinner! It's working really well for our family to make a Costco run about […][Continue reading...]
And the Winner Is….
Innocent Observer! Please contact me at lifeasmom at sbcglobal dot net with your address so that I can send you your stocking. Thanks for playing everyone! PS – Ain't my girlie cute?![Continue reading...]
TGIF: A Multitude of Christmas Memory Makers
Remember when we talked about all things Christmas in July? Well, in case you missed them or forgot all about them, here are a few links so that you can peruse a multitude of family fun activities. I hope you will enjoy the comments and ideas generated as much as I did. Here is the […][Continue reading...]
Must Read! Simple Mom
Have you been reading Simple Mom? You should be. I'm tempted to quit blogging because Tsh says everything I want to say — only way better. I want to be like her when I grow up. Check out her latest post and be encouraged in your Life as MOM.[Continue reading...]
Budget Living: Counting the Cost
The other morning I decided to get online "real quick" and put together a small photo book for FishPapa. SnapFish had been sending me lots of coupons and I figured I could get a cool gift for a few bucks. The website said that flip books (up to 45 pages) started at $4.99, and an […][Continue reading...]


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Ice cream, like revenge, is best served cold and at a birthday party. I scream, you scream with this Groupon.
$18 for $30 Worth of Ice Cream, Cakes, and Frozen Yogurt
Groupon customers receive three $10 vouchers. Fresh frozen yogurt is served up with a variety of mix-ins including fruit, nuts, and candies. Ice-cream sizes range from small "Like It" cups ($3.29) to large "Gotta Have It" containers ($4.44), and give customers the option to nibble on pre-made combinations like Cheesecake Fantasy ($4.29–$5.44), or create their own treat ($3.78–$4.93). The shop also stocks cold-serve cupcakes ($10.19 for a six pack), as well as Double Stuf Oreo sandwiches and cookies ($9.90 for a four pack).
Cold Stone Creamery
From behind a frozen granite slab, the staff of Cold Stone Creamery uses twin spatulas to blend custom servings of ice cream and creative mix-ins to fit customers' exact specifications. Founded by Donald and Susan Sutherland in 1988, Cold Stone began under the hot Arizona sun, eventually spreading its frosty fingers to encompass more than 1,400 locations worldwide. Despite the size of the company, each location's staff keeps up the handcrafted quality, making ice cream onsite every day and using those signature spatulas to create delicious pointillist art against the freezer wall.
The Gist
What some people are buzzing about:
93% of 429 customers recommend
"Great service, great ice cream."
"Excellent service and wonderful ice cream, we will be going back very often. "
"Great customer service! Friendly staff! Love coming here! :) "
Cold Stone Creamery Farmington
33175 Grand River Ave
Farmington, MI 48336
+12486159099Get Directions