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Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education
Customer Satisfaction in the Hotel Industry: A Case Study from Sicily
Gandolfo Dominici (Corresponding author)
Facoltà di Economia, Dip. S.E.A.F., Università di Palermo
viale delle Scienze ed.13, 90128, Palermo, Italy
E-mail: email@example.com
Rosa Guzzo
Facoltà di Economia, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze ed.13, 90128, Palermo, Italy
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
In order to be successful in the market it is not sufficient to attract new customers managers must concentrate on
retaining existing customers implementing effective policies of customer satisfaction and loyalty. In hotel
industry customer satisfaction is largely hooked upon quality of service. A management approach focused on
customer satisfaction can improve customer loyalty, thus increasing the positive image of the touristic
destination. Hence, exploring the importance for customers of hotel attributes in hotel selection is indispensable.
Research on the topic of guest satisfaction, which translates into the consideration of whether or not customers
will return to a hotel or advise it to other tourists, is pivotal to the success of the hospitality business. Neglecting
to pay attention to those hotel attributes considered most important by guests, may lead to negative evaluation of
the hotel, thus restricting the chance of repeat patronage. We perform a qualitative analysis of a large hotel in
Sicily (IT), the Sporting Club Hotel in the town Cefalù, using the Critical Incident Approach (Hayes, 2008).
Through the analysis of this case we evaluate the overall customer satisfaction level for the hotel and for each
service supplied. We conclude discussing the result and proposing improvement in customer satisfaction
management of the hotel.
Keywords: Customer satisfaction, Hotel industry, Service marketing
According to Italian regulation on research evaluation paragraphs 1, 2, and 3 are attributed to dr. Gandolfo
Dominici; paragraphs 4 and 5 to dr. Rosa Guzzo.
1. Introduction
Customer satisfaction is a business philosophy which tends to the creation of value for customers, anticipating
and managing their expectations, and demonstrating ability and responsibility to satisfy their needs. Quality of
service and customer satisfaction are critical factors for success of any business (Gronoos, 1990; Parasuraman et
al., 1988). As Valdani (2009) points out: enterprises exist because they have a customer to serve. The key to
achieve sustainable advantage lies in delivering high quality service that results in satisfied customers (Shemwell
et al, 1998). Service quality and customer satisfaction are key factors in the battle to obtain competitive
advantage and customer retention. Customer satisfaction is the outcome of customer's perception of the value
received in a transaction or relationship, where value equals perceived service quality, compared to the value
expected from transactions or relationships with competing vendors (Blanchard & Galloway, 1994; Heskett et al.,
1990; Zeithaml et al., 1990). In order to achieve customer satisfaction, it is important to recognize and to
anticipate customers' needs and to be able to satisfy them. Enterprises which are able to rapidly understand and
satisfy customers' needs, make greater profits than those which fail to understand and satisfy them (Barsky &
Nash, 2003). Since the cost of attracting new customers is higher than the cost of retaining the existing ones, in
order to be successful managers must concentrate on retaining existing customers implementing effective
policies of customer satisfaction and loyalty. This is especially true in the hotel industry.
Nowadays one of the biggest challenges for managers in the hotel industry is to provide and sustain customer
satisfaction. Customer requirements for quality products and service in the tourism industry has become
increasingly evident to professionals (Lam & Zhang, 1999; Yen & Su, 2004). Guest relationships are a strategic
asset of the organization (Gruen et al., 2000) and customer satisfaction is the starting point to define business
objectives. In this context, positive relationships can create customer's higher commitment and increase their
return rate. Long-term and reciprocally advantageous relationships between customers and the hotel is becoming
progressively important because of the highly positive correlation between guests' overall satisfaction levels and
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the probability of their return to the same hotel (Choi & Chu, 2001). Hotels are increasing their investments to
improve service quality and the perceived value for guests so as to achieve better customer satisfaction and
loyalty, thus resulting in better relationships with each customer (Jones et al., 2007). Relationship quality has a
remarkable positive effect on hotel guests' behavior: it creates positive word of mouth (WOM) and increments
repeated guest rates (Kim et al., 2001).
In this paper, after a review of the main literature on customer satisfaction and retention in the hotel industry, we
confront a real case (Hotel Sporting Club of Cefalù, Sicily, Italy) and analyze, using a qualitative methodology,
whether there is a positive correlation between the customer oriented business philosophy, adopted by the
management of Sporting Club, and the achievements obtained in terms of customer satisfaction. We study the
case of Sporting Club Hotel using the critical incident approach (Hayes, 2008) with semi-structured and
unstructured interviews (Lindlof & Taylor, 2002), that we performed to both management and customers. Our
empirical study gathers information by the combined use of different interview methodologies in order to
evaluate the influence of customer oriented business philosophy on customer satisfaction. We analyze the results
to highlight eventual gaps among managers' expectation and results and to evaluate the overall customer
satisfaction level for the hotel and the specific one for each service supplied. We conclude discussing the results
and proposing improvements in customer satisfaction management for the hotel.
2. Literature overview
In the past, tourism has been often considered as the natural outcome of environmental and cultural resources of
a specific territory. In this view, the role of hospitality enterprises cannot influence demand levels and is merely
limited to the supply of services to tourists. Le Blanc & Nguyen (1996) suggest that marketing efforts should be
directed to highlight the environmental characteristics of the location in order to attract new customers. The
constant increase of demand of touristic services, and the request for higher standards by the guests, has enforced
the competition among hospitality suppliers and highlighted how the attractivity of the touristic destination is
influenced by the standards of the services provided by the local hotels.
In this scenario, providing high quality services and improving customer satisfaction are widely recognized as
fundamental factors boosting the performances of companies in the hotel and tourism industry (Barsky &
Labagh, 1992; Le Blanc, 1992,; Le Blanc et al., 1996; Stevens et al., 1995, Opermann, 1998). Hotels with good
service quality will ultimately improve their profitability (Oh & Parks, 1997). In a competitive hospitality
industry which offers homogeneous services, individual hoteliers must be able to satisfy costumers better then
their counterparts (Choi & Chou, 2001).
To obtain loyalty and to outweigh other competitors, hotel providers must be able to obtain high levels of
customer satisfaction for the service supplied. There are several studies that analyze the needs and the desires of
tourists. A research by Wuest et al. (1996) defined the perception of hotel attributes as the degree to which guests
may find various services and facilities critical for their stay in a hotel. Hotel's attributes such as cleanliness,
price, location, security, personal service, physical attractiveness, opportunities for relaxation, standard of
services, appealing image, and reputation are recognized as decisive by travelers to assess the quality of the hotel
(Atkinsons, 1988; Ananth et al., 1992; Barsky & Labagh, 1992; Cadotte & Turgeon, 1988; Knutson, 1988;
McCleary et al., 1993; Rivers et al., 1991; Wilensky & Buttle, 1988).
According to a survey carried out by Barsky & Nash in 2006, regarding the main hotel chains worldwide,
between 2002 and 2005, the importance of loyalty programs for guest's decision on where to stay increased from
32% to 34%.
Although the search for new locations is certainly the most important factor for many tourists, several studies
highlighted that there is a good portion of customers that chose to repeat their holidays' destination, showing a
certain degree of loyalty (Oppermann, 1998; Fyall et al., 2003). These studies on tourists' loyalty indicate five
main factors which affect the repetition of the trip to the same tourist place:
the desire to reduce the risk of making a mistake when choosing an alternative destination;
the chance to meet the same people again ;
the emotional affection to a specific place;
the possibility to explore the place better ;
the desire to show the place to other people.
Hoteliers need to fully acknowledge which service attributes are most likely to influence customers' choice
intentions (Richard & Sundaram, 1993). Customer satisfaction practices can help them to identify the crucial
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elements affecting customers' purchase experience and post-purchase behavior such as subsequent purchase and
favorable word of mouth (WOM) publicity (Berkman & Gilson, 1986; Choi &Chu, 2001; Fornell, 1992;
Halstead & Page, 1992; Knutson, 1988; Pizam, 1994). A satisfied guest promotes positive WOM at no cost for
the enterprise and with effect and credibility that are superior to those of conventional advertising (Lee et al.,
2006, Tarn, 2005, Villanueva et al., 2008). WOM effect is also amplified by the World Wide Web (Dominici,
2009; Trusov et al. 2009).
Customer satisfaction is the starting point to build customer loyalty, therefore a long-term relationship. This
creates a loyalty's stock in the enterprise which improves corporate image. The consolidation of relations with
guests leads to repeated patronage. On the other hand, an unsatisfied customer may represent a danger for the
enterprise. A research, conducted by Cherubini (1997), shows that only 4% of unsatisfied customers complains
to the business explaining the reason of their unsatisfaction, and each client who doesn't officially complain
generates a negative WOM which can involve also 1000 people.
Hence, both exploring the importance for customers of single attributes in hotel selection and to systematically
survey their level of satisfaction are indispensable. Research on the topic of guest satisfaction, which translates
into the consideration of whether or not customers will return to a hotel or advise it to other tourists, is pivotal to
the success of the hospitality business. Neglecting to pay attention to those hotel attributes considered most
important by guests leads to negative evaluations of the hotel, thus restricting the chance of repeat patronage.
3. Methodology
Measuring customer satisfaction in the hotel industry is important in order to:
know guests' opinions. Each guest has different expectations about hospitality services, thus it is important to
know their impressions not only by aggregated statistics but also singularly;
determine the expectations, the needs and the requests of customers;
overcome the gaps between customers' expectation and services offered;
supervise the operations of the enterprise as a system.
Guests' loyalty represents a homogeneous cluster which can be measured using behavioral and attitudinal
In our analysis we focus on a large hotel in Cefalù on the Sicilian coast in the south of Italy. We performed the
survey during the summer of 2008. In our survey we used both field and desk research methodology.
We started with a "desk" analysis and then we administered a survey to both hotel managers and guests; then we
cross checked the information obtained. In chronological order we proceeded to:
analyze the corporate web-page and visit the location in order to verify the truthfulness of the information
supplied to customers;
interview the management of the hotel to verify the existence of a customer oriented philosophy;
administer a questionnaire to the director of the village to confirm the results of the interview;
administer questionnaires to 100 guests (on 122 we attempted to interview) of the hotel using the Critical
Incident Approach (Hayes, 2008).
The Critical Incident Approach focuses on obtaining information from customers about the services and goods
they encountered in the past. This approach can be used both for customers and staff.
For our analysis we submitted semi-structured interviews to guests. We prepared an interview guide based on the
desk research regards the company web-page and their promotional material.
A semi-structured interview is a flexible interview methodology, allowing new questions to be brought up during
the interview as a result of what the interviewee says. The flexibility given to answers by this interview
methodology gave us the possibility to shed light on particular needs of customers which may not have been
perceived by the management. The incidents are then employed to create classes of satisfaction items based on
shared common words, used in the incident statement. These satisfaction items are then applied to detect crucial
customer quality requirements.
Using the Critical Incident Approach, we interviewed 100 customers with semi-structured interviews, asking
each of them to describe 5 positive and 5 negative aspects of the overall service offered by the hotel. The 5
positive aspects are: organization; kids' club; number of services provided; family atmosphere; good
entertainment. The 5 negative aspects found are: excursion prices (for some excursions); beach tidiness;
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insufficient shuttle service for Cefalù; room service; room tidiness and comfort.
We then used semi-structured interviews for the questionnaires about the quality of each service and we
administered it to the same target. We classified 52 verbal expressions used by guests to describe specific
services supplied (appendix - table1). Using the information gathered administering the interviews, we
determined the level of customer satisfaction for each service supplied.
To verify the existence of a real customer oriented approach on behalf of the management, we compared, for
each service supplied by the hotel, the results regards the perceptions of the quality of services of the
management with those of the guests.
4. Analysis and results
From the unstructured interviews administered to the management, it emerged that Sporting Club Hotel's target
are families. Families are considered by the hotel's management the ideal target because they are more sensitive
to customer loyalty policies. The hotel has a good repeated patronage rate with 20% of guests that have already
spent their holidays in the hotel in the past. The hotel works especially during summer and national holidays and
gives several possibilities of trips to visit the main touristic attractions in Sicily. In 2008 it had about 35.000
guests. Desk analysis shows that the corporate vision refers specifically to customer satisfaction.
Desk analysis and unstructured interviews to management show that customer loyalty programs are promoted
and managed by the management and in particular by the head of the marketing office. The main promotion
channels are:
distribution of promotional material through travel agencies;
experience trips, where local tour operators, press, opinion leaders are invited to visit the hotel;
TV programs to describe the hotel;
participation to fairs;
public relations.
The services examined using the semi-structured interviews are:
overall service perception;
transfer service;
reception service;
room quality;
restaurant service;
trips and excursions service;
seaside service;
Respondents were asked to describe 5 positive and 5 negative aspects about the overall service perception, and
could answer with minimum 1 to maximum 2 phrases for each question for the specific services (from 2 to 8 of
the list above). Verbal expressions obtained have been first grouped by service questioned (table 1 of the
appendix) and expression and then classified according to the judgment of the expression when the interviewee
was asked about the service. The tables 2 to 9 (appendix) show the results of the semi-structured interviews
regarding the attributes and expressions used by interviewees.
What emerges from the semi-structured interviews is an overall positive customer satisfaction level. The main
strengths of the hotel are: the restaurant, the entertainment program and the organization; the weaknesses are the
beach and the rooms.
We compare the results about the managers' perceptions of quality of the hotel's services of the management with
those of guests, using the Customer Satisfaction Convergence Matrix (Cuomo, 2000).
Figure 1. here
In the case analyzed both management and customers have an overall positive perception, so we can assert that
the management has a realistic perception of the level of customer satisfaction.
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Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education
5. Conclusions
Our qualitative analysis of the Sporting Hotel of Cefalù (IT) shows that the level of customer satisfaction is good
both considering the overall evaluation and the single services (6 out of 8 of the single aspects examined).
Human resource management in particular results to be specially effective in entertainment and restaurant
By interviewing the hotel's management about the results, it emerged that they didn't have the perception of the
gaps we found in beach and room services. Though the latter service heavily depends on the quality of the hotel's
structure, a certain degree of improvement maybe obtain through a concrete effort towards their customization.
In general, the main factor which limits the Sporting Club Hotel's ability to achieve higher customer satisfaction
levels is the standardization of services that reduces the possibility to customize the offer for specific guest needs.
Indeed, from the unstructured interviews to the hotel's management it became apparent that the organizations
adopts a "push" marketing approach. The offer of touristic services is decided by the management and not in
collaboration with customers nor considering their specific needs. Moreover customer satisfaction is not used to
differentiate the services supplied.
Another weakness of the customer satisfaction management system of the hotel is that a structured CRM
(Customer Relationship Management) system has not yet been implemented. Even if a customer database exists,
the data collection is not even planned, and the data gathered can't be easily found and used by management for
marketing decisions. Any benchmarking information about customer satisfaction levels is missing, so the
management doesn't have a clue about what competitors are doing.
The Sporting Club hotel has a good potential to satisfy customers and compete, but to improve its customer
satisfaction standards the management needs to adopt new and more advanced CRM procedures. The decision
process about the key issues regarding customer satisfaction, should not be based only on accounting and cost
data, but also on a customer database created ad hoc.
Even if the case we studied has been chosen because it is representative of other similar businesses in the area,
the main limit of this research is that it is circumscribed to only one hotel. We plan in the near future to make
other qualitative analysis on other hotels in the same area and compare the results in order to obtain a wider view
about customer satisfaction in Sicilian hotels.
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Table 1. The numbers in the tables correspond to the expression in table 1.
Services (in parenthesys the number of respondents that answered using the phrase)
Overall Transfer Reception
is good (8)
arrival is
2. There is a
kid's club
arrival is
3. Many
offered (19)
18. Rooms
are so small
for 4
Restaurant is
30. The price
of some trip
is too high(9)
37. The
beach is
not so
44. The staff
11. good
service at
12. Very
good hotel
service at
19. Towels
25. The
cafeteria is
31. Good
38. Good
access to
45. There are
Transfer is
17. The
staff is
20. Room is
26. There is a
large choice
of foods at
Restaurant is
32. Trips are
39. Nice
is good and
gives lot of
location (28)
14. There
are not
shuttlers to
the town
of Cefalu
21. Staff are
the desk is
not helpful
to solve
33. The trip
to Etna is too
pool is too
22. Rooms
are not very
Restaurant is
buffet is
34. The trip
to Agrigento
35. Trips start
too early(21)
didn't like
pool is too
Nothing to
is very
staff is very
50. Kid's club
is good(29)
Room are
too small
23. Nothing
to complain
about (12)
service (16)
36. I don't
take any
cleaning is
Beach is
dirty (4)
Rooms are
with electric
adapters (2)
51. The disco
is very
52. Kids' care
is good(9)
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Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education
Table 2.
Very good
N of answers
Not good
Table 3.
Transfer to the Hotel Shuttle service
judgment Very good GoodNot good Very good Good Not good
expressions 12 11,13 14
N of answers 21 80 23
Table 4.
judgment Very good Good Not good
expressions 16 15,17
N of answers 32 98
Table 5.
Service quality Comfort
judgment Very good GoodNot good Very goodGood Not good
expressions 19,21,22 20 18
N of answers 75 11 3
Expression 23 is neutral
Table 6.
judgment Very good Good Not good
expressions 24,27 25,26,28,29
N of answers 33 115
Table 7.
judgment Very goodGood Not good
expressions 34 31,32, 30,33,35
N of answers 3 103 33
Expression 36 is neutral
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Table 8.
Swimming pool Beach
judgment Very good GoodNot goodVery goodGood Not good
expressions 42 39 40 38 37,41
N of answers 8 10 3 7 27
Expression 43 is neutral
Table 9.
General entertainment Kids' club
judgment Very good GoodNot goodVery goodGood Not good
expressions 47,48,49,51 45,46 44 50,52
N of answers 130 26 6 38
Figure 1.


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Be part of the excitement and help carry the profession's banner on Capitol Hill. There's no rush quite like speaking up for our priority issues with members of Congress and their staff – and no better experience to be gained, either.
Register right now
. Remember, you have until April 15. For questions, contact Mike Jawer (
; 202-237-8150).
Helpful Links
DC FLI Agenda Overview
Transportation from local airports to Dupont Circle Hotel
About Dupont Circle neighborhood
How to Hold a Successful Congressional Visit

subset: commoncrawl


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Reprogramming Redux
December 18, 2014|
Can mechanical forces alone be manipulated to create stem-like cells?
December 18, 2014|
Can mechanical forces alone be manipulated to create stem-like cells?
December 11, 2014|
Propolis, a natural product used by honeybees to repair their hives, stimulates hair growth in shaved mice.
December 3, 2014|
Researchers create synthetic enzymes in the lab, encoded by artificial genetic material.
December 1, 2014|
A spring cleaning led to the rediscovery of Theodor Boveri's microscope slides, presumed lost during World War II.
December 1, 2014|
Researchers are turning to venom peptides to protect crops from their most devastating pests.
December 1, 2014|
Scientists make hydrogel coats for individual cells that can be tailored to specific research questions.
December 1, 2014|
Bat populations ravaged; hundreds of amphibian species driven to extinction; diverse groups of birds threatened. Taking risks will be necessary to control deadly wildlife pathogens.
November 26, 2014|
A film showcasing stunning images of brain structures is lighting up New York City billboards for three minutes each night.
November 25, 2014|
Researchers have nailed down yet another component of the mechanotransduction complex responsible for relaying signals from hair cells in the ear.
November 19, 2014|
Researchers discover a densovirus that is strongly associated with sea star wasting disease.


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"That's a long bus ride. And there's not much to eat down here except barbecue. Nothing but pork. I'm ready to get back and rock with our fans."
Related quotes
"Ready are you? What know you of ready? For eight hundred years have I trained Jedi. My own counsel will I keep on who is to be trained. A Jedi must have the deepest commitment, the most serious mind. This one a long time have I watched. All his life has he looked away... to the future, to the horizon. Never his mind on where he was. Hmm? What he was doing. Hmph. Adventure. Heh. Excitement. Heh. A Jedi craves not these things. You are reckless."
"(Lisa) "I'm going to become a vegetarian" (Homer) "Does that mean you're not going to eat any pork?" "Yes" "Bacon?" "Yes Dad" Ham?" "Dad all those meats come from the same animal" "Right Lisa, some wonderful, magical animal!""
"He who cannot eat horsemeat need not do so. Let him eat pork. But he who cannot eat pork, let him eat horsemeat. It's simply a question of taste."
"The ultimate beneficiary of the pig genome project is really not the pork producer, it's the consumer. It's going to be better food at a reasonable price, and it's going to be, eventually, better health issues related to this animal called the pig."


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Vesta Class Issues and Buzzard Collectors
View Single Post
Lt. Commander
Join Date: Mar 2013
Posts: 230
# 17
Originally Posted by
I'd like to add that on the Vesta skin the hull is way too long, almost like it was stretched. This makes the rear landing deck stick way too far out. I don't know if this was intentional, or an oversight but it departs significantly from Mark Redemakers design. Just take a look at the top-down view of the STO Vesta skin and compare it to the original.
I suppose the argument could be made that graphically you need the extra length so the pets have room on the deck in the half second it takes them to launch. But since that's not taken into consideration on any of the other carriers, I don't see why it would apply to the Vesta.
It would be great if and when the Vesta gets a pass you would consider addressing this. It just looks odd.
Your right the landing pad tail is a bit off, its probably just an oversight...like just about everything in the OP.


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This post is sponsored by Brilliance Diamonds.
By Kerri Sheehan
Nothing is more brilliant than finding the perfect man. But winning a pair of beautiful and sparkling diamond earrings by Brilliance Diamonds would be a close second! Not only will they dress up your typical outfit like nothing else, but having one in each ear will make every day seem like a party. Plus, the glimmer near your eyes will brighten up your whole face and make even the most tired gal look more energized. These white gold, four-pronged diamonds feature a classic round-cut stone, sure to make every fashionista jealous.
That's why CupidsPulse.com is teaming up with Brilliance Diamonds to give one lucky winner a pair of diamond earrings – worth over $1,600! – that will put a smile on their face. As we all know, The Bachelor and The Bachelorette have had their fair share of male contestants who are sexy, smart and sophisticated, so it's only fitting to use them as the inspiration for The Perfect Man contest. Whether you're looking for someone with a creative personality, strong moral character, practical skills or nice abs, there is a perfect man out there for you!
Many of us are still looking for that perfect man. So we want to know: Who is your #PerfectBachelor? Do you like Sean Lowe's all-Amercan looks? Or did you fall for Michael Stagliano's sweet smile? Tell us your thoughts via Twitter from now until June 27th, and you'll automatically be entered for a chance to win. The first place winner will win a pair of classic round-cut diamond stud earrings held in a white gold, four-prong setting, retailing for $1,625. Each diamond weighs 1/4 carat for a total diamond weight of 1/2 carat. Additionally, ten second place winners will each receive a $25 gift card from Restaurants.com.
GIVEAWAY ALERT: To enter our #PerfectBachelor contest, all you have to do is tweet @cupidspulse and @brilliancecorp with your favorite bachelor and tell us why he makes your heart beat faster. Don't forget to include the hashtag #PerfectBachelor! Each tweet will be considered one automatic entry, and each Twitter account is allowed ten entries but only one per tweet. The winners will be randomly selected when the contest ends on Thursday, June 27th.
This giveaway is now closed.
Be sure to tune in tonight for The Bachelorette premiere on ABC at 8/7c!


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Breaking Dawn Handprint and Footprint Ceremony Live Stream
Watch Kristen, Rob, and Taylor's Hollywood Handprints Ceremony on PopSugar Now!
Like us on Facebook
Kristen Stewart, Robert Pattinson, and Taylor Lautner achieved one of Hollywood's biggest honors as they left their hand and footprints in the cement outside the famed Chinese Theatre today! We were LIVE from Hollywood Boulevard during the ceremony on PopSugar, and loved seeing the trio solidify their spots alongside some of the silver screen's most memorable performers and speak at the ceremony. Watch the ceremony again on PopSugar now!
Tune in now to catch all the action, follow PopSugar on Twitter for up-to-the-minute reports from the scene, and don't miss Breaking Dawn when it hits theaters on Nov. 18!
Robert Pattinson
dancing-nancy 3 years
yeah? let's see where they are in 5 years sans twitlight.
besideU 3 years
Woooohoooo!I love the Threetinity!Most especially Rob! much deserved cause these 3 knows how to bring the big crowd together...I look forward to Breaking Dawn!! Thanks Bill Condon for giving us the much anticipated movie ever! =)))
wahlee 3 years
Where's the livestream?
ojoba 3 years
Nope......dancing nancy,I seriously doubt that they will be forgotten!!! these guys haven't reached their plateau yet,But hand/footprints at Grauman's,more fabulous recognition for them,Congrats!!
littlemunchkin 3 years
Seriously? Already? Shouldn't you only be awarded them if you've had a proper film career spanning decades?!
Biminitwist 3 years
How do I see the live stream? Isn't it on now somewhere?
lovebittenwolf 3 years
This is pretty exciting. I know that they will never be the golden stars of the past, but as time will go on people will know this generation.
dancing-nancy 3 years
This 'honor' is meaningless now because they let just about anybody have their hand/foot prints by Grauman's. after twitlight is done, you'll never see these people again.
jaan_black 3 years
pretty cool
1278368 3 years
I need to see Kristen rested and recovered, I hope she is sleeping now!! Kristen is our special girl, she is our heart!
Wertew 3 years
Congrats :)
aaaaaaadina 3 years
I am so excited for this :) My favorite cast!!
Link Love
- Find out what Taylor Swift said about her doppelgänger — Us Weekly
- Justin Guarini, is that really you?! — HuffPost Celebrity
- Here's what Outlander star Sam Heughan is like in person — Lainey Gossip
- Julia Roberts has a major problem with Nicole Kidman — Dlisted
- Lena Dunham's new written piece is causing a stir — ET
- Inside Kate Mara and Ellen Page's day at Disneyland — JustJared
- Kate Upton is showing major cleavage for Guess — Hollywood Tuna
- Which Britney Spears video turns 15 today? — Pink Is the New Blog
- Rita Ora's airport attire makes quite the statement — The Superficial
- Land a copy of Madonna's latest album — popbytes


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Are you Tero Henttonen?Claim your profile
Publications (27)0 Total impact
Conference Paper: Performance evaluation of MDT assisted LTE RF fingerprint framework[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: This paper presents a performance evaluation of the Radio Frequency (RF) fingerprinting framework for positioning using Minimization of Drive Testing (MDT) measurements specified in LTE (Long Term Evolution) Release 10. Methods based on Mahalanobis distance and Kullback-Leibler divergence are used for estimating the geographical locations. Performance evaluation of the framework is verified with system simulator by generating MDT measurement data in intra- and inter-frequency LTE network deployments with rural and urban configurations. The focus of the research is to understand how RF fingerprint positioning accuracy changes when taking into account the prospects and constraints of the RF fingerprints constructed from the MDT measurement data. The results of the study indicate that the performances of Mahalanobis distance and Kullback-Leibler divergence based methods are quite similar in rural deployments. However, in denser network deployments, Kullback-Leibler divergence based method tends to be much better for both intra- and inter-frequency environments, resulting in better than 21 meters and 38 meters positioning accuracies for 68 percent of MDT samples in studied urban scenarios, being well below the E911 emergency positioning requirements.2014 Seventh International Conference on Mobile Computing and Ubiquitous Networking (ICMU); 01/2014
[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: This paper presents a performance evaluation of Radio Frequency (RF) fingerprinting framework in heterogeneous Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks using Minimization of Drive Testing (MDT) measurements which allow automated construction of extensive RF fingerprint training databases. Fingerprint positioning was studied in heterogeneous small cell and regular macro networks using LTE cell detection performance requirements. Goal was to study how big effect the cell detection requirements have on positioning accuracy in interference limited inter-frequency small cell network deployment. The results show that RF fingerprint performance suffers degraded cell detection performance in fully loaded network deployments and results in lower dimensions of the RF signatures. However, in denser network deployments, the absolute positioning errors remain good being below the E911 emergency positioning requirements. This suggests that in dense small cell networks, MDT training databases can provide a good basis for location assisted Radio Resource Management (RRM) algorithms such as network based proximity detection.Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom), 2013 First International Black Sea Conference on; 01/2013
Conference Paper: Efficient computation of effective SINR[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this paper we analyze the link-to-system interface for MIMO-OFDM system level simulations and propose a computationally efficient method for calculation of the effective SINR. The accuracy of the proposed fast approximation of the effective SINR is evaluated both analytically with error bound estimation and by simulated BLER performance comparison. The system level simulations in typical 3GPP LTE downlink scenario show that the proposed model is capable of accurate estimation of receiver performance for MIMO-OFDM transmission and brings up to 74% reduction in CPU simulation time.Information Sciences and Systems (CISS), 2012 46th Annual Conference on; 01/2012
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ABSTRACT: In this paper mobility performance is studied in heterogeneous networks with both macro and indoor base sta- tions. Due to abrupt changes in received signal and interference level as User Equipment (UE) enters and leaves a building with indoor Home eNodeB (HeNB) there may be additional challenges for handover compared to more homogeneous network layout. The purpose of this paper is, with dynamic system simulation tool, to evaluate the magnitude of the handover challenges and how would the system need to be configured to optimize the mobility performance. The results indicate that while general handover parameterization can be effectively utilized to avoid the most of mobility problems, cell-specific parameterization can further improve the mobility performance between eNB and HeNB. Additionally, attention should be paid to both inbound and outbound HeNB mobility due to possibly very different interference conditions in handover situations inside the building with HeNB and outdoor environment.Proceedings of the 73rd IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, VTC Spring 2011, 15-18 May 2011, Budapest, Hungary; 01/2011
[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this article we study and analyze the problems related to power limitation in Long Term Evolution (LTE) uplink (UL). Power control (PC) has been specified for LTE UL to account for pathloss and slow fading variations and minimize the interference. The maximum transmission power has been limited to 23 dBm. Especially in sparse networks, this can lead to so called power limitation, where the terminals at the cell edge are forced to use less power per Physical Resource Block (PRB) than needed. Power limitation could clearly increase the packet error probability and transmission delay due to increased number of retransmissions. This may be especially problematic for Radio Resource Control (RRC) messages, e.g. handover signaling, since their reliability affects evidently on user Quality of Service (QoS). In this article we have concentrated on power boosting to improve the RRC message reliability and the performance is evaluated by means of dynamic system level simulations. It may be concluded that power boosting notably reduces the power limitation probability and thus also improves the RRC signaling reliability.Proceedings of the 73rd IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, VTC Spring 2011, 15-18 May 2011, Budapest, Hungary; 01/2011
[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In 3GPP Rel'8 access to a Home eNodeB may be restricted to only UEs belonging to a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG). These cells are called CSG cells and a UE with CSG subscription would have an Allowed CSG List containing CSG Identities associated with the CSG cells on which the UE is allowed access. This however, can be problematic for the users located near the CSG cells, but who are not allowed to access them. The interference caused by the CSG cell can be devastating if the UE is connected to a macro cell using the same frequency. Some solutions for these interference problems have been proposed in 3GPP standardization and in this study we have evaluated the performance of different options for handling the interference issues related to mixed carrier CSG deployments. The proposals utilize different details of the LTE re-selection algorithm and suggestion on the best solution is also given.Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2010-Spring), 2010 IEEE 71st; 06/2010
[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this paper we study the performance of idle mode mobility state detection schemes targeted for 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Evolved UTRAN. The purpose is to compare the mobility state detection scheme specified in 3GPP Release 8 and a dual trigger scheme for 3GPP Release 9 using different User Equipment (UE) velocity conditions and cell reselection triggering sensitivity levels. A single set of cell reselection parameters may not be optimal throughout the E-UTRAN velocity range, thus both schemes provide in a way a means of using UE velocity dependent cell reselection parameters. According to the results, both schemes provide gain over a single set of cell reselection parameters. Dual trigger provides gain over Release 8 mobility state detection scheme in terms of time spent in the best cell and downlink SINR. However, this comes with a small increase in power consumption due to increased amount of cell reselections per UE.Wireless Pervasive Computing (ISWPC), 2010 5th IEEE International Symposium on; 06/2010
Conference Paper: Non-regular network performance comparison between HSDPA and LTE[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this paper we study and benchmark the performance of 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) and 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) Downlink with constant bit rate type traffic. In addition a non-regular simulation scenario is considered using realistic propagation data and base station positions related to Tokyo city downtown area. HSDPA was introduced in 3GPP Release 5 and in further releases the technology has been improved with e.g. receive and transmit diversity technologies and support for higher order modulation schemes. LTE was introduced in 3GPP Release 8 with completely new physical layer and improved Radio Resource Management (RRM) functionalities. The benchmarking is performed with fully dynamic system level simulators based on detailed and commonly accepted models for e.g. mobility, propagation, call generation and fading. The results show that LTE Release 8 outperforms HSDPA Release 8 in terms of spectral efficiency and user throughput. With 8 UEs per cell and LTE MIMO about 90% of UEs are fully satisfied, while about 45% of the UEs are fully satisfied with HSDPA MIMO. This results also about 30% gain in spectral efficiency even through with LTE the network is running half empty due to uneven UE distribution in non-regular network with variable cell sizes.Wireless Pervasive Computing (ISWPC), 2010 5th IEEE International Symposium on; 06/2010
[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this paper is benchmark the performance of voice over IP in high speed downlink packet access and in long term evolution networks. Benchmarking is conducted in homogeneous and heterogeneous scenario layouts assuming realistic propagation data generated over Tokyo map. Tools used in this paper are two fully dynamic time driven system simulators which have been used to support 3GPP standardization work. This benchmarking study provides insights to what e.g. different radio access technologies, scheduling mechanisms and receivers do for the performance of voice over IP. This paper indicated in various scenarios that long term evolution can offer higher performance for voice over IP than high speed packet access.Wireless Pervasive Computing (ISWPC), 2010 5th IEEE International Symposium on; 06/2010
[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this paper, we present a fully dynamic simulative analysis of the Downlink (DL) Voice-over-IP (VoIP) performance in 3G Long Term Evolution (LTE) with both Uplink (UL) and DL control channel constraints. In UL the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) capacity affects the Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) resolution and in DL the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) capacity has an impact to the amount of multiplexed users per Transmission Time Interval (TTI). The results indicate that with realistic control channel assumptions, semi-persistent packet scheduling outperforms dynamic packet scheduling.
Conference Paper: Channel Quality Indicator Preamble for Discontinuous Reception.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: This paper proposes a potential enhancement for Discontinuous Reception (DRX) operation in Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks. In Third Generation Partnership Project's (3GPP's) Release 8 it is specified that User Equipment (UE) may be configured with DRX which controls the UE's Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) monitoring activity. By allowing discontinuous monitoring of PDCCH the UE can switch its receiver circuitry on and off for battery saving purposes. However, if UE turns its receiver circuitry off it is not capable to neither perform nor send any Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) measurements to the network prior to 'on-duration' (i.e., activity) period. This means that the Evolved Node B (e- Node B) might not have accurate CQI information and the scheduling and resource allocation could be based on outdated CQI information. To avoid reduced performance caused by the out-of-date information, this paper evaluates a scheme where a CQI preamble period is introduced prior to the actual 'on duration' time. During the preamble period UE measures the CQI and sends the measurement result to the e-Node B. The performance of the scheme is evaluated together with Voice over IP (VoIP) service. Used tool is a dynamic system level simulator which enables detailed simulation of users in multiple cells with realistic call generation, propagation, fading and mobility models. In addition to VoIP performance the UE power consumption is also evaluated with a simple model. This paper concludes that the preamble scheme can lead to improved performance in terms of VoIP capacity, and that the improvements can be achieved with acceptable trade-off in terms of battery saving opportunitiesProceedings of the 71st IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, VTC Spring 2010, 16-19 May 2010, Taipei, Taiwan; 01/2010
[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this paper we analyze the distribution of effective Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise-Ratio (SINR) in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems with application to 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) Downlink. The asymptotic distribution of effective SINR in case of correlated post-processed SINR is established analytically to obey normal distribution. The approximation for small number of correlated post-processed SINRs mapped to effective SINR is proposed to be the convolution of two Gamma distribution. The parameters for the Gamma distributions are analytically derived. Analytical results are verified by simulations.Circuits, Systems and Computers, 1977. Conference Record. 1977 11th Asilomar Conference on 01/2010; DOI:10.1109/ACSSC.2010.5757611
[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the trade-off conditions between battery saving opportunities and long term evolution network performance. To achieve this goal voice over IP with discontinuous reception is studied. Analysis is conducted with vast amount of different settings, including on duration, inactivity and discontinuous reception cycle timers. The quality of service and battery saving opportunities with discontinuous reception are evaluated with a dynamic system simulator which enables detailed simulation of multiple users and cells with realistic assumptions. This paper indicates high battery saving, i.e., increased talk-time opportunities without compromising the performance when discontinuous reception is properly adapted.
Conference Paper: Cell hearability analysis in UTRAN Long Term Evolution Downlink[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this paper we analyze cell hearability in UTRAN Long Term Evolution (LTE) Downlink for positioning purposes. The observed time difference of arrival technique has been specified in LTE for location estimation. Successful positioning estimate requires at least three geographically diverse base stations to be detected or heard. Reference signal hearability measurements, such as Reference Signal Received Power and signal-to-interference and noise ratio of the signal from a cell, are used for detection of the cell. By means of these measurements the cell hearability is evaluated by fully dynamic time-driven system simulator. In order to mitigate the interference and improve hearability, muting of the serving cell and fractional load technique are proposed. The simulation results show improved positioning capability with proposed techniques, since all user equipments can hear the required number of geographically diverse cells.Signals, Systems and Computers, 2009 Conference Record of the Forty-Third Asilomar Conference on; 12/2009
Conference Paper: On Idle Mode Mobility State Detection in Evolved UTRAN.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this paper we present different idle mode mobility state detection mechanisms targeted for 3GPP Evolved UTRAN. The purpose is to study the reliability of the mobility state detection mechanism specified in 3GPP TS 36.304 for 3GPP Release 8 in varying conditions, such as different re-selection thresholds, UE velocities and inter-site distances. Three mobility states have been defined in TS 36.304 based on occurred cell re-selections in a certain time window. According to small inter-site distance simulations, pedestrian speeds (normal mobility state) can be detected with a quite satisfactory accuracy but distinguishing the medium and high mobility states is quite challenging, since UEs are experiencing quite large variance in number of re-selections with the same UE velocities. Simulations with large inter-site distances show similar results.Sixth International Conference on Information Technology: New Generations, ITNG 2009, Las Vegas, Nevada, 27-29 April 2009; 01/2009
[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the suitability of reference signal received quality (RSRQ) measurement for quality based inter-frequency handover in UTRAN long term evolution (LTE). Intra-frequency handovers in LTE are done based on reference signal received power (RSRP) measurements, which should ensure that users are always connected to the cell with the highest received power. However, in certain environments where interference causes service quality degradation for the user (which RSRP measurement is not able to detect) there might be situation where a quality-based measurement would enable better system performance. In this paper, we evaluate the success and correctness of RSRQ based inter-frequency handovers as means for preventing service degradation using dynamic system simulations. However, comparison of RSRQ and RSRP based triggering suggest that RSRQ is not able to provide robust detection of service quality degradation. Furthermore, RSRQ is found to be heavily dependent on current system loading and the measurement strategy.Wireless Communication Systems. 2008. ISWCS '08. IEEE International Symposium on; 11/2008
Conference Paper: Effect of measurement bandwidth to the accuracy of inter-frequency RSRP measurements in LTE[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this paper we study the effect of reference signal received power (RSRP) measurement bandwidth on the accuracy of handovers and the UTRAN Long Term Evolution (LTE) system performance. In 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) it has been agreed that inter-frequency RSRP measurement requirements would be developed assuming 6 middle physical resource blocks measurement bandwidth, which has also been agreed to be used for developing intra-frequency RSRP measurement requirements. Wider handover measurement bandwidth could potentially provide better averaging against fading and thus, reduce the time required for performing inter-frequency handover measurements. These studies are conducted with fully dynamic time-driven system simulator and simulations are done with different RSRP measurement bandwidths and different filters. Based on these studies wider bandwidth provides only minor improvement in measurement accuracy and it does not clearly reduce the time required for performing measurements.Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2008. PIMRC 2008. IEEE 19th International Symposium on; 10/2008
[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this paper we evaluate the performance of dynamic Packet Scheduling (PS) of 3GPP UTRAN Long Term Evolution (LTE) Downlink. Packet scheduling is of utmost importance in 3G LTE, because all traffic types with different Quality of Service requirements are competing of the resources. We present a decoupled time and frequency domain packet scheduling framework for LTE downlink. Simulation results with three basic packet scheduler combinations with different amount of fairness are presented in four different 3GPP macro simulation cases to show the both extremes in tradeoff between fairness and spectral efficiency. In addition, the effect of multiuser diversity on packet scheduling performance is studied. It is shown that by dividing the packet scheduler into a time domain and a frequency domain and utilizing different algorithms in both domains, the throughput fairness between users can be effectively controlled.Wireless Pervasive Computing, 2008. ISWPC 2008. 3rd International Symposium on; 06/2008
Conference Paper: MIMO performance evaluation in UTRAN Long Term Evolution downlink[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this paper we evaluate the dual stream multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) performance for two rank adaptation schemes in 3GPP UTRAN long term evolution downlink. A capacity-based rank adaptation scheme as a transmission mode selection algorithm is compared to a throughput-based rank adaptation scheme by means of system level simulations run in four typical 3GPP scenarios. Additionally, the effect of mobility to system performance with multi-stream transmission is investigated in a 3GPP scenario with higher cell radius. Simulation results have been provided by using fully dynamic system level simulator. Results show that in all low-mobility (3 kmph) cases the evaluated MIMO transmission schemes provide 10iquest20% gain in terms of average and cell edge spectral efficiency. Further, we show that mobility has a clear effect on MIMO spectral efficiency and that the MIMO multiplexing gain is clearly reduced with higher user velocity. Finally, it is shown that the studied low-complexity capacity-based rank adaptation is able to reach similar performance compared to throughput-based adaptation.Information Sciences and Systems, 2008. CISS 2008. 42nd Annual Conference on; 04/2008
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NokiaEsbo, Southern Finland Province, Finland


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$319—$589 Studio—2 bed 373 N Wilmot Rd., TUCSON AZ, 85711
: from $319 Studio—2 bed
373 N Wilmot Rd., Tucson, 85711
Commute to Downtown Tucson
The rent at Sedona Springs Apartments ranges from $319 for a studio to a $589 two bedroom. Apartments in this building are about 16% less expensive than the Tucson average.
This apartment is in Tucson. Nearby parks include Harold Bell Wright Park, Sears Park and Wilshire Heights Park.
Sedona Springs Apartments has a Walk Score of 55 out of 100. This location is Somewhat Walkable so some errands can be accomplished on foot.
Renovated in 2013, our community offers amazing value for your dollar. Come see the upgrades that have been done to this lovely community including an improved HVAC infrastructure, fresh paint, redesigned landscaping, a remodeled leasing center, a new business center with high speed internet and four computers, a new pool table with flat screen TV area, and an enlarged fitness center it is easy to understand why it is SO EASY to call Sedona Springs home. We are located on North Wilmot Road, across the street from St. Josephs Hospital, minutes from some of the best dining and shopping Tucson has to offer including the Park Place Mall, Joes Crab Shack, Starbucks, Trader Joes, Kindred Hospital and several other outpatient medical offices nearby. We are also only a few minutes from Davis Monthan Air Force Base. Call us today and we'd love to show you your new home!
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Tucson, Arizona, 85711
Some errands can be accomplished on foot.
Flat as a pancake, some bike lanes.
Score Details
Explore how far you can travel by car, bus, bike and foot from Sedona Springs Apartments.
Bus lines:
3 6th St./Wilmot
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8 Broadway
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108X Broadway-Downtown Express
0.3 mi
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Popular apartment searches include pool, fireplace and fitness.
Find a Tucson real estate agent who knows walkable neighborhoods. Links will open on our partner site Redfin.com.
Sedona Springs Apartments is in the city of Tucson, AZ. Tucson has an average Walk Score of 39 and has 520,116 residents.


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For the month of March, we committed to setting aside more time for creative activities. This was tougher than we thought! Read how we did on our creativity goals:
Intention #1: Put aside one hour each week to create art.
Setting aside time and space to be creative was a lot more difficult than I anticipated. I always seemed to find something more important to do than sit down and draw or paint or write. That's what is so great about setting time-based goals and having you, our blog followers, to report back to!
While I did get in three creative sessions this month, I found that they happened more spontaneously than by schedule. For example, one night when I couldn't fall asleep, I got out of bed and burned the midnight oil at the kitchen table creating two birthday cards for friends.
While I had wanted to try my hand at watercolor this month, setting out my art supplies and deciding what to paint proved to be too great an obstacle. Until I'm retired and have whole days to do what I want, I'm going to have to stick to a tried and true strategy – sign up for a class. As with exercise, I do much better in a class environment or scheduled event than doing it on my own at home. So, I'm happy to say that I registered for a watercolor class beginning next week. While it's a big time commitment for me (Wednesdays from 9 am – Noon), I know that joining an art class is the only way that I'll finally learn watercolor, something I've wanted to do for quite a while. I'm really looking forward to it!
By the way, I know that Jenna didn't identify dance as a creative endeavor for March, but after seeing her dance Bhangra (Indian hip-hop) last week in a spectacular Wharton dance performance, my hat's off to her in trying a creative endeavor in which she had very little experience. Jenna practiced with her dance group twice a week for 2 months to perfect their choreographed piece, and their performance was amazing! Take a look: Bhangra Video
Intention #1: Write a poem!
Well, I was fully prepared to report back and say that I just couldn't get myself to sit down and write this month. Similar to my mom, I found it extremely difficult to carve out time to be creative when I always have a to-do list looming in the back of my head filled with group projects, club meetings, and errands to run.
However, late last night I decided to pull out my journal and write. I agree with my mom: the power of accountability and goal setting is truly powerful! I just didn't like the feeling of failing to live up to my commitment. So I grabbed my pen and wrote probably the worst 8 lines of poetry that I have ever written in my life! No, it was not eloquent or profound, but it did feel great to write poems again. For me, the greatest challenge of writing Is just sitting down, working through the writer's block, and allowing myself to let things flow. While I am not very pleased with what I wrote (or willing to share it!), I am really proud of myself for taking the time to write again – and not beating myself up with the results!
Joint-Intention: Write an e-book together about mother-daughter relationships.
We were together for two days last week in Philadelphia and we set aside a few hours in a coffee shop to figure out how we wanted to approach our e-book project. We decided to write an article, "Top 10 Ways to Improve Your Mother-Daughter Relationship," where we will summarize what we learned about mother-daughter relationships after a year of blogging. We now have our "top ten" topics and decided to divide and conquer the writing. We're excited about this project that is allowing us to be creative in a way that expands beyond our weekly posts – stay tuned!


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Plants in movies, TV
Though almost any time there's an office scene, there are plants, I always love the huge office plant 'cameos' on Seinfeld especially. We were watching Gilligan's Island the other day and I realized how many awesome 'house plants' are in the background. On Big Bang Theory, there's a big plant in every shot in the lobby/landings of their apartment building (even though there doesn't seem to be windows.) My memory isn't good enough to know if they're the same ones in the same spots.
But isn't it downright strange how they never mention them? Like, nobody ever knocks on the door & gets distracted, "Hey, what an awesome Ficus tree!" Or, "Look at the huge leaves on your Pothos!"
Is it kind of delicious irony that nobody ever waters these plants (that we see) and they look great? Isn't it sad that on the rare occasion a struggling plant is seen, it's used as a sign to the viewer, to signal this is definitely one of the 'bad guys,' really really bad.
The last time we watched Apocalypse Now, I was mostly watching the jungle, as I'm usually doing during the 'survival' shows DH likes.
It seems like most TV shows about families are in CA. Whenever they show the outside of someone's house, it's usually landscaped with cacti/succulent plants.
What other shows or movies have you noticed plants in? What have you noticed about them?
I always notice the fake plants they stick into the scenery. I live in a historic city often used for filming and they have to hang plastic foliage over the modern fixtures like electric wires, etc. It also makes me laugh when the character says somthing about 'freesias' while holding out a bunch of stocks. A great one was in the film Bright Star where John Keats and his love wander through an orchard of apple trees which have fake cherries attached to the branches. They do so much research on costume and seemingly very little on the plants.
I was just thinking this the other day!! I've been marathoning the drama show "Parenthood". Each family has all these issues happening with all their kids and they have these big gorgeous houses and house plants all over the place. One mom has an orchid healthily blooming on a table next to her bed, hardly near a window. Another family has a big leafy plant on top of their fridge, again nowhere near a window. The grandmother has a beautiful yard that's just FULL of huge blooming plants. It looks like it would require a huge amount of maintenance but you never see her out there working on it. There's also a gorgeous pink orchid growing in the almost windowless lobby of a music studio that some of the family members work in that I am very envious of.
But yes, you're not the only one to notice! My first thought is always how unrealistic the plants look, being so bushy and healthy with no light. Then my second thought I'd they must be fake and I think it's stupid to decorate with fake plants. .what a waste of space!! Lol
Asleep already beat me to it, I was going to say "Little Shop of Horrors." But, "Will and Grace" and "Apollo 13" come to mind. "Will and Grace" always had a Fiddle leaf Ficus outside one of their apartments and Will had a beautiful Sanseveria I kept thinking to myself, "I'll take that!" "Apollo 13," also featured a handful of Sanseveria in one of the wives' homes.
I watch mostly old European movies. Most have a scene somewhere with single Sansevieria in a terra cotta pot. Even mobsters have a single Sansevieria in a corner of a hide-out with no windows and a single incandescent light bulb.
I've noticed a proliferation of Phalanopsis appearing in tv shows and movies. Unfortunately, it is usually just a boring white one ... Although in an episode of "Dexter", Dexter receives a harlequin Phal (white flowers with irregular maroon or burgundy spots/splotches) from his love. Rather amusingly done considering he is the blood spatter analyst for the shows police department, and of course because of his side "hobby".
PG, not necessarily fake. Even in many hotel lobbies and office buildings it is a common practice to take the robust plants you see and regularly switched them out once they start to decline with new healthy plants. Particularly in some of the larger metropolitan areas, there are greenhouses which cater to the those people who want live plants but don't really want to take care of them. One gent I was chatting with one time mentioned that a 1/3 of his greenhouse was basically rental space. He had clients who would leave their plants with him to care for. When the plant was coming into bloom, he'd give them a call and they'd come and pick it up. When it was done blooming, they would drop it off back with him.
Paul, I forgot about Dexter!! I loved Hannah's green house. Broke my heart when she came back to everything dead.
Rental plants?! I'll have to keep that in mind if I don't get the hang of this, LOL. I can see hotels doing that but normal people in a household? That's like sending your kid to boarding school. A bit extreme of a metaphor but you know what I mean.
I know the bonsai master (Roy Nagatoshi) who provided the bonsai trees for the original Karate Kid movie. He might not remember me because of all the bonsai people he meets, but I've attended many of his demos & workshops, and helped him do some grafting of Chinese Juniper foliage to old San Jose junipers. He actually even looks a little like Mr. Myogi. BTW, Mr. Myogi gets his name from one of the styles in which bonsai trees are fashioned. 'Myogi', translated from the Japanese = 'informal upright', which is an upright style but with a trunk that has a lazy s-curvature instead of a straight trunk, which would make it a formal upright.
That reminds me - I haven't been over to the bonsai forum in forever.
"Jurassic park" Pirates of the caribbean" House plants in an informal setting ?? lol
One that I've always wondered about "Wizard of Oz I don't believe a single one of those plants were real. Would seem easier and cheaper to use the real thing??
" Little shop of Horrors" only movie I can think of where a plant was the star? As to talking most of my plants often talk. "Feed me" Water me". Two demand blood bougainvillea and an Agave always saying" admire me from a distance dummy" lol gary
I was watching the dvd of the BBC version of Emma. There were many house plants in both the houses at Donwell and Hartfield. I can't remember specifically what they were, but I think a lot of them probably wouldn't have been available in Georgian England. Kind of reminds me of the Corelle cups that "Eleanor and Franklin" were drinking from in their movie.
aseedisapromise - you're right about the anachronistic plants. When old houses are used as locations, they can't very well remove incongruous plants from the gardens, even if they realise the errors. Which I don't imagine they do. But they could at least try to get the indoor plants right.
Another thing that makes me smile is when a scene is set in winter and they have put fake snow on trees which underneath are in full summer foliage.
Can't remember what I was watching but tv mom watered a plant except there was no water coming from the watering can. I tend to watch for oopsies in shows and typos in books......but my big question is how come no one in TV and movie land ever has to use the rest room?
Fun discussion! I always think of A&E's dramatization of the Nero Wolfe mystery novels (novels are by Rex Stout, I think...?). Nero Wolfe raises orchids, and spends several hours every day in his plant room on the top floor of his NYC brownstone. Those are "his" hours and no one is supposed to disturb him up there, but, occasionally, people do, and we get brief glimpses of the orchids. Too brief! I always want the plant-shots to be longer and more in focus, but, instead, if you can imagine, the camera focuses on the *people* in the scene. Too bad. ;) There are a few episodes of this dramatization in which plants have a role in the plot line/mystery, as well.
I always notice the plants (and furniture) in Woody Allen movies. In his movies everyone always lives in the perfect "intellectual" NYC (or other city) apartment, often with mid-century modern furniture and appropriate plants. I'm always jealous of Annie Hall's tiny apartment and roof deck with flowers.
Speaking of California TV houses... growing up in Maine this always used to annoy me! There was never anyone who lived in some old house in some rural or coastal town (save for perhaps Jessica Fletcher and Newhart...) which got real winter weather. Sometimes people would live in other regions to indicate poverty or "working class" status, another race (Good Times, Jeffersons, 227, Family Matters, Cosby Show) or the "Friends" dynamic, but they always tended to be cities. I felt an absolute disconnect from the world TV showed, especially back in the '70s and '80s when there was no internet and there were more regional differences.
This post was edited by lizzie_nh on Fri, Jan 17, 14 at 9:26
I love the plants in "Psych," which takes place in Santa Barbara California. The shots are usually of lovely saucer magnolias and wisteria in bloom. I'm pretty sure they are real, but it bothers me that they are ALWAYS in bloom, no matter what time of year it is in the show!
Lol, the topic of this discussion re-affirms my suspicion/hope that I am not crazy...or at least not crazy alone. My husband thinks it so funny when we're on a romantic date, and I point out, notice, or know the names of many of the houseplants in the mall or movies and totally don't pay any attention at all to what most "normal" people do.
This post was edited by rachels.haven on Sun, Jan 19, 14 at 22:11
Hey, glad this came back up. We were watching Dual Survival about a week ago and they ended up in a dragonfruit orchard. That was cool!
There's a commercial for some kind of toilet paper where 2 boys have TP'd a house & they are hiding behind a giant patch of Heliconia.
Just recently re-watched one of the old Midsomer Murders episodes - "Orchis Fatalis", the plot being that murder and mayhem follow the path of one of the rarest orchids in the world which has been smuggled into the UK by two plant pirates.
At the beginning of the episode, you get to see a number of orchids at an orchid show, then there are scenes in a supposedly wild Borneo jungle - probably some houseplants there that I didn't notice! One of the detectives earns his nickname of "flatfoot" by smashing flat a rare wild orchid the orchid club members were trying to protect on the downs. And saddest of all, an entire collection is maliciously destroyed. Always wonderful plants and gardens to be seen in those Midsomer Murders. And of course, where gardens in general are concerned, there's the murder mystery series Rosemary and Thyme. It's greatest appeal for me is that they are always down on their hands and knees and covered with dirt - looking like real gardeners! :)
Funny we mention knock out roses. My family runs a nursery so we grow up to a hundred thousand a year. It's odd to think that not so long ago they didnt exist!
I love seeing plants in shows that look like they actually belong to someone and not a sparkling perfevct rental from a greenhouse
On Three's Company, the roommates always had plants in the apartment since Janet was a florist. Early in the series (when Suzanne Somers/Chrissy was on it), Janet is watering a plant during the theme song and as she sets it on the window, she accidentally spills water from her watering can on Chrissy while she's sunbathing outside. Mrs. Roper always had plants, too. A lot of the 70's-90's sitcoms featured house plants at some point: ALF, The Facts Of Life, All In The Family, The Brady Bunch, Alice, etc., and there was even an episode of Laverne and Shirley where they get laid off from the brewery and they sell house plants door to door ("Take My Plants, Please").
Brad AKA Moonwolf
This is a fascinating thread. My son told me about a short film where an author with writer's block found that his spider plant was writing scripts for him, and eventually all the baby spider plants were similarly employed - he thinks it was a Stephen Spielberg TV series called Amazing Stories. Does anyone remember it?
That should have been Series 2, sorry. Anyway, I just watched it, and oh boy, I loved it !
I don't watch TV or films as a rule lately, they're all too 'fast' for me :) but I will watch that again. I loved the main human character too. I'd love to hear other opinions.
I'm always addicted now at trying to ID plants In TV shows..... It's kinda a problem.
On Ellen with her new improved set are any of those real? I know that some are fake but I can't tell if they all are..... She also said they were real but.....My suspicion grows.
A bit off topic, but The Wicker Man...
It was filmed on a Scottish Island in November so it was freezing, but the director was trying to evoke the idea of this subtropical paradise, so he bought about half a dozen really fake-looking blossom covered artificial trees to put in the background.
Once you get an eye for them they are everywhere.
I really am thrilled to see this post. I pay attention to the presence or absence of plants everywhere, including TV programs. I saw a portion of an episode of Two and a Half Men at a friend's house recently, and the show did little to hold my attention, but there were many large and intriguing plants on the set. I kept saying aloud, "What kind of plant is that?" Jay Leno always had one in the background when he was doing his initial stand-up routine, but I could never identify it or even tell it is was real. It takes me very little time to recognize when I am in a home or room without plants. Are the rest of you much the same???
Speaking of Gilligan's Island, there is a lagoon on the Universal Studios lot that looks a lot like the lagoon in the TV show, but they filmed a lot of it in Hawaii, even though the plants they show grow in Southern California - if you water them enough. There is no reason to use fake plants here, as the real ones are prolific enough, and there are plenty of nurseries that cater to the studios. The studios have beautiful outdoor landscaping (my brother works at Sony Studios), and the buildings also have nice indoor plants, although not as nice as the ones outside.
I'll have to start paying more attention to house plants in TV shows, but up till now, they have not made an impression on me.
I watched that spider plant episode on youtube, it was very cute, I felt sad for the guy when he thought the plant died lol ...my only issue is that he called it a philodendron....I liked the ending with all his spider plant friends.
my son played this game not too long ago on the ps3, where the guy was running through the desert area and I kept naming off the type of plants in it, like agaves and aloes....He kept getting mad at me lol.
But I always notice plants in movies and shows...and I noticed the guys jades in Orange is the new Black was very much in need of light, they didn't look good lol.
FlowerPotTipper, I wondered if anyone looked at that little film, I'm glad you enjoyed it. It was my first time seeing it and I found it most engaging - perhaps others here had watched it when it originally aired. I didn't pick up on the philodendron bit, but the sound was not very good on my You Tube and I couldn't get it higher. I actually found it moving - my daughter pointed out that it was a revamp of the Little Tailor fairy tale; I suppose there's nothing new under the sun.
If anyone has Netflix, there's a documentary series called Wildest Islands that's really cool! It's not only about plants, but there's a lot of info about plants in both of the episodes I've seen so far.
Here is a link that might be useful: Wildest Islands
Did you see the one on sri lanka yet?
I don't have nf,but I found it on you-tube.
Just finished watching it...very nice!
Thanks for the heads-up! :)
Here is a link that might be useful: Wildest Islands Sri Lanka
Bumping this up to see if anyone knows more about the plant in a Sherlock Holmes movie: Movie plant question
I watched the first 10 mins (and will prob go back soon to watch the rest of it.) I was cracking up!! That guy is serious about his plants! (Funny part from about 8 mins in until about 10 mins.)
IDK if the Anthurium is a cultivar named 'Magenta' (did they have named cultivars in 1939? IDK) or if that just refers to the flower color.
Wiki has an article on "cultivar" that says the term was invented in 1923 but not published until 1953, so it seems unlikely that the reference to magenta is a cultivar name.
This link supports that it's not in reference to a cultivar name. And you're not the first person to ask the same question.
"TV: there was an episode of Sherlock Holmes US that centered around most precious orchid" ~bossyvossy
If you were referring to the show "Elementary," then I know the episode you mean. It was not a real orchid, though, and the flower was hideous -- looked like a badly mangled Phalanopsis flower. I was surprised the set designer or plant maker didn't do a better job or choose a better flower.
On the mini series "Penny Dreadful" which takes place in 19th century England, there was a scene in which two of the characters were visiting a conservatory (don't recall if it was supposed to be the Kew conservatory) wherein they had come to get a look at the "world's rarest orchid." It was a Paphiopedilum (type of slipper orchid). I cannot recall with any certainty, but I believe the one character said it was Paphiopedilum rothschildianum which is a real orchid. But the plant they showed had the most awful flowers. No self respecting orchid grower would have displayed such a plant. Unsure if the plant was just a poorly made fake or a real but woefully deformed. But Paph. rothschildianum is no longer a terribly rare orchid by any means. I find it unbelievable that the show's set designers could not have found a better example of that orchid. Good chance they could have simply asked one of the England orchid society's if there was a member willing to loan their blooming plant for the scene.
I remember a while ago I watched some show on either Netflix or Hulu, don't remember which or which show, but I do remember this rich lady had an orchid greenhouse that they showed her in a few times and all she had was moth orchids, and all I could think was why in the world would someone choose to just grow moth orchids when they own such a beautiful greenhouse.... and why not more of the exotic and/or rarer orchids....I would think most people who love orchids and have access to a big greenhouse do grow more then moth orchids in real life....but i had to remind myself that it's a show and I guess they didn't put much thought into details.


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Physician Assistant National Certifying Exam
|This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. (October 2014)
|This article needs more links to other articles to help integrate it into the encyclopedia. (October 2014)
|This article relies too much on references to primary sources. (October 2014)
The Physician Assistant National Certifying Exam (PANCE) and Physician Assistant National Recertifying Exam (PANRE) are certification examinations taken by physician assistants (PAs) in the United States. The examinations are administered by the National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants. The tests are computer-based and consist of practical medical and surgical questions.
The PANCE must be taken before a PA can be licensed for the first time upon graduation from an accredited program. The examination consists of 300 multiple-choice questions administered in five 60-minute, 60-question blocks.[1] There is a total of 45 minutes allotted for breaks between blocks, as well as a 15-minute tutorial prior to the examination.
The examination consists of 240 multiple-choice questions administered in four 60-minute, 60-question blocks; the breaks and tutorial are timed as on the PANCE. The PANRE can be retaken if failed after a 90-day waiting period between tests, but it can only be taken twice in one year.[2] While 60% of the generalist exam covers the same content, the remaining 40% can be directed towards questions in one of three areas: adult medicine, surgery, or primary care.
As of 2014[update], PAs who have already been certified are required to take the PANRE during the fifth or sixth year of their six-year certification maintenance cycle. This re-certification time frame is scheduled to change in 2015; re-certification will be required during the ninth or tenth year of the certification maintenance cycle.[2]
Content areas[edit]
The material on the PANCE and PANRE is organized by the NCCPA into two dimensions, as indicated in the content blueprint for the examination.[3]
- "Organ systems and the diseases, disorders and medical assessments physician assistants encounter within those systems; and
- The knowledge and skills physician assistants should exhibit when confronted with those diseases, disorders and assessments."
See also[edit]
|This medical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.


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So I'm thinking, mix up some honey and water in a carboy, tie some muslin over the top and see what happens. Do you think it could work? What OG should I make it, do you think?
Well (he said, putting on his crotchety nitpicker hat), I wouldn't call it a lambic unless it was a braggot (lambic being a beer style). Spontaneously fermented is a perfectly good descriptor all on its own, with a long history of use in various fermented beverages that aren't lambic. Including tej, which is a spontaneously fermented mead flavoured with gesho (Rhamnus prinoides).
Yes, it can work. I think you'd want to start with a lower gravity (say, <1.070) to encourage yeast health, then add more honey later if you want a stronger mead. You might consider boiling some hops and a bit of honey in a small amount of water to take advantage of hops' antibacterial properties.
EDIT: That last suggestion stems both from the use of hops in lambics and the fact that gesho serves a similar antimicrobial purpose in tej. You could of course try making tej itself if you can source gesho, but I haven't looked into it so I have no idea what availability is like.
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Secondary #1 - The Jolly Toper's Undrinkable Ale
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olllllo did that with a batch of brew and now has a sour base to mix with if he wants.
I would pm him, apparantly the temperature at which the must sits will affect the type of bugs in the air.
get a pure culture of something, you'll likely be more pleased with the results. I mean if I'm going to sit on something for over a year, it better be drinkable.
also: http://www.homebrewtalk.com/f30/fina...braggot-78728/


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Follow the secret trailer from Kingdom Hearts II along with the final scene from Birth by Sleep frame by frame.
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By: kirbyislife
My 2nd AMV. And it's another one about Kingdom Hearts, specifically Birth By Sleep. The song's full title is called "Trust -Dance Dance Revolution mix" by "Tatsh feat. Yoko" The song itself was originally from the anime Tengen Toppa Gurren Lagann, as a single for the character Yoko. It eventually made its way onto Dance Dance Revolution SuperNOVA 2. This is the version that appeared in that game. Basically, the idea I had was to make it similar to a DDR AMV. Something you would see while you played the song, like the music video for this song. I added a title to it. I have one without a title uploaded to Youtube. If you want to see this without a title, go here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8vzzn2fWBqM Once again, I'd like to dedicate this video to the Future of Kingdom Hearts Faction! If you are a fan of Kingdom Hearts, check out this faction because it is really awesome! http://www.gametrailers.com/factions/FoKHF/
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By: Codman24
(Japanese opening) Opening movie for Kingdom Hearts: Birth By Sleep featuring Terra, Aqua & Ven.
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By: DarthXehanort
Please join the amazing Future of Kingdom Hearts Faction by clicking on this: [url=http://fokhf.faction.gametrailers.com/base/index.php?action=info][img]http://i440.photobucket.com/albums/qq125/Darth_Xehanort/Riku_Signature2_2-4-1.png[/img][/url]
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By: axel-erate
just wanted to show what my psp looks like... and yeah that kingdom hearts thing at the begining is how my psp looks when i turn it on :Dif you havent figured out by now im a huge kingdom hearts fan.
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So, I've heard that many considered Xaldin a tough boss. Thus, I decided to hack the game and fight against FIVE Xaldins. Not only that, but I'm playing on Critical Mode, a highly challenging difficulty level only found in the Final Mix version of Kingdom Hearts II. Well, now that I'm done showing off (LOL), I'd like for you to click on the following image in order to [b]JOIN THE PHENOMENAL FUTURE OF KINGDOM HEARTS FACTION[/b]: [url=http://fokhf.faction.gametrailers.com/base/index.php][img]http://i440.photobucket.com/albums/qq125/Darth_Xehanort/01f31158-1.jpg[/img][/url] Enjoy! Please leave a rating and comment. ^_^
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Is it time to awaken to another carefully crafted Square Enix and Disney adventure?
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I am trying for a while now to display correctly a SWF project in a HTML file with good integration in all browser.
The SWF is there : http://bitbucket.org/natim/cip-qcu-editor/raw/4746bbb86427/qcu/swf/quiz.swf And I tried using this method : http://latrine.dgx.cz/how-to-correctly-insert-a-flash-into-xhtml and this one : http://www.bobbyvandersluis.com/swfobject/generator/index.html without success.
Actually it works but not with Firefox 3.6 that doesn't start the animation.
Do you have any idea of how I can make it works ?