text:
Paris is infamous for poor pet care, treating dogs something like purses but even more interchangeable and much more likely to be misplaced, left behind, or shelved in a closet. But she never electrocuted one.
9 Awful Pet Owners More Suited to Get a Dog than Michael Vick is
From Around the Web


text:
Jonathan Zimmerman: Why I Love, But Also Hate, March Madnesstags: Jonathan Zimmerman, NYU, NCAA, college sports, CS Monitor, March Madness
Jonathan Zimmerman is a professor of history and education at New York University. He is the author of "Small Wonder: The Little Red Schoolhouse in History and Memory" (Yale University Press).
I'm a crazed basketball fan, so I love it when the NCAA tournament rolls around. But I'm also an educator, and so I hate myself for watching.
That's because college sports are – to put it bluntly – a plague on American higher education. They add a big-ticket item to our mounting costs, and they compromise our academic quality. And now we've got the numbers to prove it.
Let's start with costs. Colleges in the Football Bowl Subdivision – the most competitive of the Division I programs – spent an average of nearly $92,000 per athlete in 2010, according to a January study by the American Institutes for Research. For the student population at large, the average per capita spending was less than $14,000.
I'll spare you the math: These schools spend more than six times as much on athletes as they do on students generally....
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subset: commoncrawl


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Sign up and add events | Sign in to edit your events or profile
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Free First Sunday of Every Month. Group for Teens of Divorce. Games, Stories & Snacks (29831 Crown Valley Pkwy, Laguna Niguel)
Apr 5 – 3:00 PM
Laguna Niguel Family YMCA (Laguna Niguel)


text:
San Diego nursery
I will be in San Diego CA around serra mesa this week. Can somebody recommend a good nursery or farmer market to look for fruit trees.
These are my favorites...
Exotica in Vista for hard to find fruit trees from all around the world. They also have a lot of different varieties of figs, tropical guavas, that you wont find at most nurseries.
Kniffings in El Cajon for stone fruit. They carry a lot of Dave Wilson trees. Their prices tend to be as good or better than other places that sell Dave Wilson trees.
Evergreen in Carmel Valley for citrus. Usually a pretty good selection and a decent price for citrus.
Bonita Creek Nursery in Bonita (Dave is a CRFG member and has a very broad selection, lots of unusual varieties, but call first so he's there. Worth going to), Clausen's Nursery in Vista, down the street from Exotica. Best citrus trees in N. San Diego county period, tell Ray Patty Sliney sent you. Ganter Nursery on the corner of Vista Way and Gopher Canyon, very lovely people, lots and fruit trees all the time. Walter Andersen Nursery in Poway and also in San Diego (on Enterprise), good selection of fruit trees, especially during bare root season. One of the few nurseries left in San Diego county the heels them in with wet shavings and charges a reasonable amount for true bare root trees :-) And Evergreen also has a nursery in Oceanside as well, if you're up more in N. county.
Patty S.
They are in Vista, Southern Ca. Just a little North of San Diego. They have great prices and alot of trees.


text:
Top Prescriptions Index for 2011 »
"Below is a list of the most popular prescription drugs dispensed in 2011 with links to drug monographs. The list may include the medication brand name and generic name.
Note: This information pertains to U.S. prescriptions only./"...
Coly-Mycin M
Typical serum and urine levels following a single 150 mg dose of Coly-Mycin M Parenteral IM or IV in normal adult subjects are shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1
Higher serum levels were obtained at 10 minutes following IV administration. Serum concentration declined with a half-life of 2–3 hours following either intravenous or intramuscular administration in adults and in the pediatric population, including premature infants.
Average urine levels ranged from about 270 mcg/mL at 2 hours to about 15 mcg/mL at 8 hours after intravenous administration and from 200 to about 25 mcg/mL during a similar period following intramuscular administration.
Colistimethate sodium is a surface active agent which penetrates into and disrupts the bacterial cell membrane. It has been shown to have bactericidal activity against most strains of the following microorganisms, both in vitro and in clinical infections as described in the INDICATIONS AND USAGE section:
Aerobic gram-negative microorganisms
Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Susceptibility Tests
Colistimethate sodium is no longer listed as an antimicrobial for routine testing and reporting by clinical microbiology laboratories.
Last reviewed on RxList: 3/15/2013
This monograph has been modified to include the generic and brand name in many instances.
Coly-Mycin M FDA Prescribing Information
Additional Coly-Mycin M Information
Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration
You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit the FDA MedWatch website or call 1-800-FDA-1088.
Women's Health
Find out what women really need.


text:
Harry Crosbie's Bord Gáis theatre for sale at €20m
- Commercial Property
- July 9, 2014, 01:20
The Bord Gáis Energy Theatrein the Dublin docklands, is to be offered for sale on the international market at over €20 million – a long way short of t(...)
Leona Lewis: On the sunny side
- Film
- June 27, 2014, 00:00
Leona Lewis has a four-octave mezzo-soprano vocal range. Why can't she try a little harder at being a diva? She ought to stick her nose in the air and(...)
Mr Peabody & Sherman
- Film
- February 7, 2014
Well, this sounds like an impressively terrible idea for a family film. The title characters – an urbane dog and his perky adopted human son – first a(...)
Papa: Tender Madness
- Music
- January 3, 2014, 00:00
Los Angeles dreamers Papa are a duo with former Girls' drummer Darren Weiss and his childhood pal Danny Presant in their ranks. What they're aiming fo(...)
Fionn Davenport's travel desk
- Life & Style
- December 28, 2013, 01:00
AND ALL THAT JAZZ Readers of these pages will guess that I'm pretty excited about direct flights from Dublin to Marrakesh, and this week I(...)
You'll laugh, you'll cry
- Theatre
- May 24, 2013, 01:00
If you only read one story about clichés in theatre criticism this year, make it this one! Shortly after seeing Disney's mega-musical (...)
Roisin Ingle on . . . the great outdoors
- People
- May 11, 2013, 01:00
Outside. I'd forgotten how great it is, and not in a George Michael kind of way. Those poor, tormented people who live in California and the like d(...)
Róisín Ingle . . . on evaluating parenting skills
- People
- March 9, 2013, 06:00
It's that time of year again when some of us insecure types like to sit down with a glass of something cheap from a supermarket with a four let(...)


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Properties in Seaham, Durham between £30,000 and £2,000,000
Properties in Seaham, Durham
Gallery view List view Map view 1 properties found
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£475,000 5 Bedrooms The Meadows, Seaton, Seaham, Durham
A substantial and attractive detached property, 21 The Meadows offers everything that's desirable in a forever family home, and more. Located in a quiet cul-de-sac in Seaton Village, near Seaham, it was built only ten years ago in a small and exclusive
Robinsons Fine & Country - Wynyard
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Wrangler Retro Mens Long Sleeve Western Shirt - Charcoal/Red/Olive (Closeout)
- Item #: 150-TOP-A14-MVR164M
- Wrangler Style #: MVR164M
Original Price: $40.97
Sale Price: $24.58
- 100% Cotton
- Long Sleeve
- Snap buttons
- Two chest pockets
- Western yokes
Wrangler's Retro line combines vintage inspired charm with modern touches for a unique stylish look. The long sleeve western shirt is made from charcoal grey, olive, and red dobby plaid. Antique looking pearl snaps accent the front flap pockets and placket. Traditionally western shoulder yokes keep the charm southern. The cut of this shirt has a more fitted look that will fit your body just right. With the versatility of this shirt, it is easy to put with shorts and roll up the sleeves for your signature stamp on your summer look. When the weather get cooler, try dressing it up with some denim and black boots.
Product Reviews


text:
A long time ago there was a site called something like scale equipment something or other. They had a step by step instruction download for a Rodgers type lowboy trailer. I mistakingly tossed my copy out in one of my purges, my bad. Does anyone remember this site? Man, I'd like to have that instruction sheet again, HELP
Source Help
Started by raildogg, Sep 20 2012 04:07 AM
3 replies to this topic
Posted 20 September 2012 - 04:07 AM
Posted 20 September 2012 - 05:08 AM
This one: http://public.fotki....nov_1996_conve/
Or this one: http://public.fotki....nov_1994_conve/
Or this one: http://public.fotki....nov_1994_conve/
Posted 21 September 2012 - 03:41 AM
Yes! Thank you very much, the first link is the very one I've wnat for years. The second link's not bad either.
Posted 21 September 2012 - 03:45 AM
Glad to help.


text:
A dual aperture, off-axis catadioptic Schmidt objective (40) is formed by symmetrically aligning two pairs of Schmidt objectives (12, 14) on opposite sides of a common plane (x, z). Each objective has a spherical primary mirror (16/18) with a spherical focal plane (44/46) and center of curvature (20/22) aligned along an optic axis (36/38) laterally spaced apart from the common plane. A multiprism beamsplitter (44/46) with buried dichroic layers (81-83) and a convex entrance (48) and concave exit (52a-52f) surfaces optically concentric to the center of curvature may be positioned at the focal plane. The primary mirrors of each objective may be connected rigidly together and may have equal or unequal focal lengths.
1. A Schmidt optical objective (10), comprising:
a pair of primay mirrors (16, 18) having concave spherical reflective surfaces (17, 19) positioned on opposite sides of a common plane (x, z) of optical symmetry, said spherical reflective surfaces having separated centers of curvature (20, 22) and focal planes (44, 46) along parallel optical axes (36, 38) spaced apart laterally from opposite sides of said common plane; means (32, 34) positioned between said centers of curvature and intersecting said common plane for transmitting light and introducing correcting aberrations in said transmitted light equal and opposite to the total of aberrations produced by said primary mirrors;
a beam separating element (40/42) having an entrance and an exit surface, said entrance and exit surfaces being optically concentric to a respective one of said centers of curvature.
2. The Schmidt objective of claim 1 wherein said spherical reflective surfaces (17, 19) are oriented to form diverging focal planes.
3. The Schmidt objective of claim 1 wherein said spherical reflective surfaces (17, 19) are oriented to form said focal planes outside the ray paths of said objective.
4. The Schmidt objective of claim 1 wherein said beam separating element (40/42) is positioned at a respective one of said focal planes.
5. The Schmidt objective (10) of claim 1 wherein said entrance surface is positioned at one of said focal planes (44/46) of one of said spherical mirrors (16/18), and said beam separating element has a plurality of exit surfaces (52a-52f) and a plurality of internal dichroic layers (81-83) for reflecting and transmitting different spectral bands of light rays passing through said entrance surface.
6. The Schmidt objective of claim 1 further comprising means (56) for connecting said spherical mirrors rigidly together.
7. The Schmidt objective of claim 5 wherein said plurality of exit surfaces are optically concentric to the center of curvature (20/22) of said spherical mirror.
8. The Schmidt objective of claim 7 wherein said transmitting means comprise a plurality of elements transmissive of different spectral regions.
9. The Schmidt objective of claims 1, 5 or 7 wherein said reflective surfaces have equal focal lengths.
10. The Schmidt objective of claims 1, 5 or 7 wherein said reflective surfaces have unequal focal lengths.
11. The Schmidt objective of claims 1, 5 or 7 wherein said transmitting means comprises a pair of refractor correcting lens (32, 34) transmissive of different spectral bands.
12. The Schmidt objective of claim 7 wherein said beam separating element comprises a plurality of joined prisms (72-80) having internal dichroic layers (81-83), positioned at one of said image planes.
13. The Schmidt objective of claim 12 wherein said joined prisms (72-80) present a convex spherical entrance surface (48) to one of said spherical mirrors.
14. The Schmidt objective of claim 13 wherein each of said dichroic layers reflects a shorter wavelength spectral band and transmits a longer wavelength spectral band.
15. The Schmidt objective of claim 14 wherein said plurality of joined prisms (72-80) have spherical exit faces (52a-52f) optically concentric to said center of curvature.
16. The Schmidt objective of claim 14 or 15 wherein said reflective surfaces (17, 19) have equal focal lengths.
17. The Schmidt objective of claims 14 or 15 wherein said reflective surfaces (17, 19) have unequal focal lengths.
18. A Schmidt optical objective (10), comprising:
a pair of concave spherical primary mirrors (16, 18) having parallel adjacent edges (58, 60) defining an arc passing through a common plane (x, z) of optical symmetry, and discrete image planes (44, 46) and centers of curvature (20, 22) divergingly disposed along parallel optical axes apart from and on opposite sides of said common plane;
means (56) for joining said primary mirrors along said parallel arcuate edges;
at least one spherical aberration correcting lens (32/34) positioned symmetrically about said common plane between said centers of curvature; and
a pair of refractive beamsplitters (40, 42) having buried dichroic beamsplitting surfaces and entrance and exit surfaces optically concentric to said centers of curvature, positioned at said image planes.
The invention described herein was made by an employee of the United States Government and may be manufactured and used by or for governmental purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.
The invention relates to catadioptic instruments generally and, more particularly, to Schmidt optical objectives for multispectral mapping systems.
High resolution multispectral mapping of the surface of the earth with air or spaceborne instruments requires optical objectives providing precise registration between counterpart detectors in the image planes of all spectral bands. Although there are numerous Schmidt optical systems for focusing multispectral images, those presently available systems which are sufficiently accurate to be used with multispectral instruments for mapping the surface of the earth must be optically linked to the mapping instrument by precision mechanical scanning mechanisms. The multispectral scanner (MSS) and the thematic mapper (TM) developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration are two examples of such instruments. Both use rapidly moving, mechanically driven, scanning mirrors to produce a whiskbroom scanning action of photodetectors upon ground resolution elements. Mechanical scanning mechanisms, however, inherently lose precision with continuous use, lack long-term reliability, generate undesired thrust forces which disturb other instruments, and have size limitations that limit the degree of resolution obtainable from a multispectral mapping instrument.
A French optical system known as a "Spot" instrument, currently under development, avoids the problems of mechanical scanning systems by using a two on-axis catadioptic Schmidt objectives boresighted to scan different, but adjoining fields of view. Orbital motion of the spacecraft sweeps a detector array across the earth in a direction perpendicular to the long dimension of the swath of earth scanned, producing a scanning effect known as pushbroom scanning. Eight linear detector arrays produce a four spectral band mapping system. The on-axis structure of the Spot instrument, however, produces a central observation which causes a degree of diffraction precluding operation of the system in a high resolution, short wavelength infrared (SWIR) mode. Also, the on-axis structure limits the space available for incorporation of a beamsplitter into the system which restricts application of the system to three, relatively closely spaced bands in the visible spectrum.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved Schmidt optical objective.
It is another object to provide a Schmidt optical objective free of paraxial obscuration.
It is still another object to provide a Schmidt optical objective suitable for high resolution in the near and intermediate infrared band.
It is yet another object to provide a Schmidt optical objective permitting a higher signal-to-noise ratio.
It is a further object to provide a Schmidt optical objective compatible with a multispectral beamsplitter functioning over widely separated bands in the visible and invisible spectra.
It is a still further object to provide a Schmidt optical objective which can produce a greater number of precisely registered image planes.
It is a yet further object to provide a Schmidt optical objective which can produce a greater number of image planes of precisely the same focal length and distortion.
It is also an object to provide a Schmidt optical objective which can be optically linked to a multispectral mapping system by stationary devices.
These and other objects are achieved with a dual aperture optical configuration having a pair of off-axis catadioptic Schmidt primary objectives. The configuration is formed by two rigidly connected, side-by-side, off-axis spherical reflectors symmetrically aligned with parallel optical axes along a common plane of symmetry with two side-by-side refractive corrector plates located as aperture stops positioned at the centers of curvature of the spherical reflectors. A pair of multispectral dichroic beamsplitters having entrance and exit faces concentric to their respective aperture steps are symmetrically positioned about the common plane at the spherical focal planes of the spherical reflectors.
A more complete appreciation of this invention and many of the attendant advantages thereof will be readily apparent as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which like reference symbols indicate the same or similar components, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a top plan view showing an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a front plan view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is an isometric projection showing the optical alignment of the elements forming the configuration of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is an isometric view showing the prism arrangement of a dichroic beamsplitter element.
FIG. 5 is a front view showing the operation of the dichroic beamsplitter element of FIG. 4.
FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate the Schmidt optical system 10 of the invention in right angle planar views taken along the x, y and x, z planes, respectively. The system is formed of a pair of side-by-side catadioptic Schmidt objectives 12, 14. The primary elements of the objectives are a pair of spherical mirrors 16, 18 symmetrically positioned side-by-side on opposite sides of the central x, z common plane. As shown in FIG. 3, the curvatures of the spherical reflecting surfaces 17, 19 of spherical mirrors 16, 18 are oriented to diverge outward with their centers 20, 22, respectively, separated on opposite sides of the common x, y plane. The orientation of the curvatures of spherical mirrors 16, 18 causes incoming paraxial light rays 24, 26 to be divergingly reflected away from the common x, z plane as rays 28, 30, respectively. Refractor lens plates 32, 34 are symmetrically positioned side-by-side on opposite sides of the common x, z plane, between the optical axes 36, 38, respectively, of the objectives to correct for spherical aberrations by introducing spherical aberrations into transmitted light rays equal and opposite to the total of the spherical aberrations caused by the respective spherical mirrors. Corrector lens 32, 34 form dual aperture stops. Refractive beamsplitters 40, 42 are positioned along the optical axes 36, 38 at the respective focal planes 44, 46 of the objectives. Concavity of spherical mirrors 16, 18 causes focal planes 44, 46 to be spherical and backward curving. Each beamsplitter accepts the image forming energy of a single optical objective 12, 14. To maintain the concentricity of the Schmidt system 10, the entrance 48, 50 and exit faces 52, 54 of the beamsplitters preferably are spherically concentric to the respective aperture stops of each objective 12, 14.
The divergence of reflected central light rays 28, 30 caused by the outwardly directed orientation of the curvatures of the spherical mirrors 16, 18 causes the focal planes to be located outside of the paths of the central rays. This allows the beamsplitter 40, 42 to occupy a larger space at the focal planes without affecting resolution of the images. FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate an assembly 70 of nine prisms 72-80 of conventional prism materials which may be used as one of the beamsplitters 40, 42. Prisms 72 and 73, 72 and 74, 76 and 77 are cemented together along joints 81, 82 and 83 respectively. Prism assembly 70 uses thin multilayer dielectric coatings 86-90 as dichroic elements between prisms 72 and 79, 72 and 76, 74 and 75, 77 and 78, and 79 and 80, respectively, to split an image into six different spectral bands by reflecting the shorter wavelengths. In assembly 70, the shorter wavelength bands A through D are reflected while the longer wavelength bands E and F are transmitted by dichroic surface coating 86. The shorter wavelength bands A and B are again reflected by dichroic coating 87 while the longer wavelength bands C and D are transmitted. Dichroic coating 88 reflects band A and transmits band B while dichroic coating 89 reflects band C and transmits band D. Dichroic coating 90 reflects band E perpendicularly through concave exit face 52e and transmits longer wavelength band F. The rays of transmitted band F pass perpendicularly through concave exit face 52f. Prisms 74, 75, 77, and 78 cause total internal reflection of the rays of bands A-D, respectively, directing those rays perpendicularly through concave exit faces 52a-52d, respectively.
Beamsplitters 40, 42 may be used to provide redundant spectral images. In other applications, however, beamsplitters 40, 42 do not need to be identical. One beamsplitter may be dedicated to bands within the visible spectrum while the other is dedicated to the infrared spectrum. By using two different beamsplitters similar to prism assembly 70, optical system 10 may be made to provide images in at least twelve different spectral bands. The beamsplitters may also be focused upon photodetector arrays maintained at different operating temperatures. The arrays of detectors focused on one beamsplitter may be cooled to a different temperature than those arrays focused on the other beamsplitter because their off-axis locations easily accommodate ancillary equipment without obstructing light rays directed toward the primary objectives.
Lacking moving parts and servomechanisms, stationary dual aperture optical system 10 has good stray light rejection and is capable of simultaneously providing high spectral and high spatial resolution images, for example, to multispectral linear photodetector arrays in an instrument such as a multispectral terrestrial mapping system. The divergent, off-axis orientation of the image planes 40, 42 by spherical mirrors 16, 18 permits the use of large, dichroic beamsplitters 40, 42 to simultaneously split reflected light rays into a very large number of images in different bands over a very wide visible and invisible spectrum without introduction of diffraction effects in the paraxial regions and provides high resolution for long wavelengths. It is possible to obtain much wider spectral ranges with this system because each half of this dual aperture Schmidt may be separately corrected for spherical aberration and color.
Several features may be incorporated into the optical system 10 to enhance its performance. The spherical mirrors 16, 18 may be connected rigidly together as for example, by a mirror bracket or an epoxy type bonding cement 56 applied between their parallel arcuate edges 58, 60. Rigid connection assures the maintenance of precise band-to-band alignment between the focal plane images of spherical mirrors 16, 18 even when the primaries are subjected to motion. Since the beamsplitter elements are positioned close to the focal planes 4, 6, their optical lever arm is quite short, thus maintaining good optical alignment even when subjected to some motion. When made with entrance and exit faces optically concentric to their respective aperture stops, all off-axis aberrations arising in the beamsplitter are eliminated. Consequently, beamsplitters 40, 42 contribute no aberrations to the system except for small amounts of spherical aberration and longitudinal color. Both aberrations may be compensated for by achromatizing and modifying the spherical aberration correction of the corrector plates. Concentricity of the beamsplitters, focal planes, and primary mirrors make the effects of coatings upon their surfaces independent of position in the field of view, thereby increasing the uniformity of response. The performance of optical system 10 may be made, therefore, nearly aberration free, limited only by small amounts of off-axis aberrations of coma and astigmatism introduced by weak corrector plates 32, 34. When the optic axes 36, 38 of both primaries are axially aligned to point in the same direction and aximuth, photodetector arrays (not shown) positioned at the spherical focal planes 44, 46 will be conjugate to the same line along a terrestrial surface and there will be counterpart correspondence between individual detectors in all spectral bands.
Other modifications may be made in the performance of optical system 10 by changing the characteristics of various of its elements. It is possible, for example, to configure refractor corrector plates 32, 34 for optimal chromatic correction in different spectral regions because the corrector plates are extremely weak in power. One or both of the corrector plates 32, 34 may be removed and replaced with elements transmissive in different spectral regions as may be necessary, for example, to accommodate a thermal infrared photodetector array, without significantly affecting focal length or distrotion. Alternatively, in less demanding chromatic correction applications both corrector plates may be replaced with a single refractive corrector plate. Compound, all-spherical corrector plates may be used in place of aspheric corrector plates in other applications.
Ideally, the primary spherical mirrors are assured of precise equality in focal lengths by being cut from a single, faster parent spherical mirror. Should the photodetectors fed by one of the objectives 12, 14 be of a different size than those fed by the other objective, two off-axis Schmidt objectives of different focal lengths may be juxtaposed with their primary spherical mirrors bonded together. Although bonding of the primaries in such a configuration provides only partial compensation for misalignments due to movement of the primaries, the similarity between the two objectives (e.g., one is a scaled version of the other), will cause distortion effects along each band to be identical.
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text:
The Hitler/Bush Quotes Test
Their result for The Hitler/Bush Quotes Test ...
You scored an 56 of a possible 100. If I were female, I would have to say "my bush doesn't start wars"
Their Analysis (Vertical line = Average)
They scored 56% on Correct Answers, higher than 28% of your peers.
All possible test results
Category 1
Description 1 Read more
Recent Results
You scored an 33 of a possible 100. If I were female, I would have to say "my bush doesn't start wars"
jattwood7618 / m / Straight
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Honda Q&AAsk Your Question
All 2005 Honda Accord questions
Steps to replace cruise control module on2005 honda accord
my high beam lights stay on all the time.replaced headlight switch 8-9 mths ago.
unplug headlight switch and lights still stay on.have to remove fuses to get them out.cant find a...
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not start. So then I left the car alone for about 30 minutes and then it started with no problem ...
how much to replace a complete timing chain kit, including timing belt, etc..
It uses a lot of oil, car won't start, can't get it out of Park, engines runs real ruff. ...
Occasionally must recycle gear shift to start the car. Otherwise works fine. A
My alarm wont reset.. Alarm sounding after i unlock car.. Light flashing..
I have a factory alarm and it sets byitself without using remote. And after i unlock car using ke...
Cool air blows thru passenger side vents, while only hot air blows on drivers?
A/C was blowing warm air, intermitten at first, then just warm air. Had a/c compressor, receiver ...
Oil leak,& vibrates while idle. Now car wont start.
Past month noticed an oil leak, have been adding oil, no oil light indicating low or no oil. Yes...
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started doing this today. had been working
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the previous question below was on your site, can anybody advise what was done.
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Anybody know where i can fix my Car stereo for Honda accord 2005 in PLNAO...
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text:
TUCKER, Ga. – A Men's Journal article touting the attributes of organic over conventionally raised chicken prompted a response from the US Poultry & Egg Association and the National Chicken Council in the form of a letter urging the magazine and media in general to avoid stigmatizing conventional chicken production methods.
The article references a study in which researchers claim chemical and antimicrobial residues were found in chicken feather meal that was given to chickens as feed. John Glisson, DVM, MAM, Ph.D., director of research programs at USPOULTRY and Ashley Peterson, Ph.D., vice president of science and technology at the NCC offered a their scientific viewpoint on the claims and the study methodology. For example, the feather meal study used a small sample size from 4-lb. and 22-lb. bags of feather meal.
"The US poultry industry does not use 4-lb. and 22-lb. bags of feather meal in its commercial feed formulations, and industry experts speculate that the material in these bags were intended to be used as organic fertilizer and not as a source of feed," Glisson and Peterson wrote. "Furthermore, the study failed to address other potential delivery mechanisms for these types of substances, such as potable water."
Glisson and Peterson also pointed out that all chicken products are inspected by the US Department of Agriculture, and that the "organic" label doesn't translate to a nutritionally superior product.
"All chicken production systems, including organic, natural, and conventional methods, address issues as necessary to achieve its primary objective — the commitment to provide consumers with safe, wholesome and affordable food. The chicken industry works diligently to ensure that no matter which production system they choose to support with their food dollars, consumers can have confidence in the safety and nutrition of all of their chicken purchases," concluded the letter.
1Sysco, US Foods: 'Show us the witnesses'
2Slideshow: The meat industry's Sweet 15
3AI infects third California poultry farm
4Tyson Foods bearer of branded business strategy
5Wayne Farms files for IPO
( more )
1VIDEO: Sous vide line over time
2Sysco, US Foods: 'Show us the witnesses'
3Wayne Farms files for IPO
4Koch to invest $7.5 million in Alabama chicken plant
5Strike is on at Olymel pork plant
1Seaboard shareholders to vote on HSUS proposal
2Editors Blog: Still waiting for hand-held meat pies
3USDA extends dietary recommendations comment period
4Antibiotics use in livestock on the rise around the world
5American Foods, Kings Command merge


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Winnipeg Free Press - ONLINE EDITION
No simple answers
It's easy to write a story when there's a bad guy.
That's how most great stories go, isn't it? The big bad wolf – or evil corporation, or corrupt government official, or unscrupulous politician or audacious con artist – does something terrible, or greedy, or self-serving, or just plain irresponsible, and people get hurt.
Related Items
That's usually how the song is sung in the headlines, anyway.
So what makes David and Genevieve Weber's story so interesting -- to me at least -- is that there may not be a big bad guy. But someone is still getting hurt.
The details of the Webers' ordeal – starting on March 21, when Genevieve started contractions that threatened her unborn baby's life – can be found in my lengthy story from today's paper. There's more to the tale that I either couldn't fit into the space allotted, or couldn't verify against currently available records. But I tried to capture the necessary basics of the case.
What I hope I also captured is the caution I felt in penning the story: a caution born of a situation where it seems like most involved were trying to do what they felt was the most responsible thing, but the end result still somehow feels wrong to many who have heard it.
I sat down with the Webers on Thursday, and found them to be tremendously pleasant people. They appeared a bright and loving couple, with two beautiful daughters and a pretty-as-a-picture home outside of Portage la Prairie. And they are apparently well-liked in the local community, where many residents have vociferously supported them since news of the speeding ticket first spread.
But their stress over the ordeal was palpable; they called us, because they didn't know where else to turn in order to be heard.
On Friday, to better understand the context of the Webers' story, I had several candid and interesting conversations with representatives from Manitoba Public Insurance and RCMP. Although privacy guidelines prevented them from delving into the specifics of David Weber's case, a picture did start to come together for me.
In general, the picture looks like this: I think that most people involved in this story, from the RCMP officer who issued the speeding ticket to the Webers themselves, tried to do their best. David Weber was doing what he thought was the best thing for his family; RCMP officers and MPI hearing officers may have felt they were going by the book, doing the best thing for the safety of the roads.
But still, at least to this reporter, the outcome doesn't sit right.
Maybe it comes down to the same reason that the Webers decided, after months of frustration, to call the Free Press: they needed someone to hear them. And to the Webers, having explained their experience and situation and decisions to multiple authorities, it didn't feel like anyone did.
And that can be the most frustrating thing of all, and far more frustrating than any speeding ticket.
This is a common problem with authority systems of any type: they are designed to instruct and enforce, but less so to listen. Usually, that works: we all know the rules, and most of us choose to follow them. Those that choose not to pay the penalty, and our society clips along with relatively little friction.
But it's the extraordinary circumstances that test the limits of how that system hangs together; it's those one-off confluences of unfortunate events that find the cracks where a series of detailed protocols and paperwork and rubber stamps and rules don't add up to what feels like an optimal conclusion.
This is not mere talk. My father, a prominent local psychologist, once told me that the only universal in human psychology is that everyone wants to feel like they're being heard. If that is true, then co-operation, mutual understanding and, finally, an accepted conclusion naturally follows. When you truly feel heard, you are naturally more likely to feel like you've been treated fairly.
And when you aren't, well... this happens.
From everything I've seen and read, it doesn't seem like there was enough of that sense of understanding, for the Webers. There were sensible protocols, yes, and clear rules too. But perhaps there was not enough flexibility within the system as a whole to hear what the family was saying, acknowledge it, and extend some understanding.
For me at least, it's impossible not to feel compassion for the Webers. But when their story fades from our paper's headline, that is one conversation I hope comes out of it -- how to encourage systems where apparently reasonable decisions by several separate authorities don't conspire to catch someone in a net that doesn't stretch to fit.
Because while David Weber is pretty darn unlikely to find himself in such an extraordinary circumstance again, the next time could happen to any of us. And with a little luck and a productive dialogue, maybe we'd be able to walk away from the situation -- whatever our choices -- saying "We know that we have been heard, and understood -- and because of this, we know that we have treated fairly."
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Matt Larson shares with us about Ephesians 4:11-14, where we see that apostles, prophets, evangelists, shepherd/pastors, and teaches are given to the body to equip us for the work of ministry.
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Pay your council tax or use the forms below to apply for refunds and reductions, change your details and make other enquiries.
Lewisham Council set a balanced budget for 2015–16 at its meeting on Wednesday 25 February.
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What Is the Best Way To Track Stolen Gadgets? 101
from the glue-to-foot dept.
We've improved Slashdot's video section; now you can view our video interviews, product close-ups and site visits with all the usual Slashdot options to comment, share, etc. No more walled garden! It's a work in progress -- we hope you'll check it out (Learn more about the recent updates).
If you love something, let it go.
If it doesn't come back, it never was yours.
If it does come back, check for signs of demonic possession, including but not limited to:
* Bloodthirst
* Creeping veins of ichor
* Word-like sounds, as though chattered in a dead tongue older than space and time
* Moving under its own bloody power
The webcam thing is okay and so is the tracking by IP. I like the getting even approach. Use GoToMyPC and mess with them. I live in a college town so the thief might be a student. I can log in and delete their term papers, or better yet edit them by inserting misspellings, incorrect facts, and lifting quotes from wikipedia and pasting them into the term paper unattributed. The term paper will have the name, the class, and the instructor listed on the upper righthand corner and I can visit the student before class and retrieve my laptop.
. . . they got more than just the suspect's fingerprints . . they got the whole fingers!
(Scene: A guy with a bandaged hand sitting in the police interrogation room. A detective walks in and tosses a package on the table.)
"Hey, Luigi, are these your fingers?"
"Never seen them before in my life, pal!"
Have a program on it hit a server on your site for instructions, automatically. If it's ever stolen, report it stolen, then instruct it to hit known FBI child porn honeypots after erasing the program which contacts your own website. You won't get the gadget back, but you'll get to know the thief got punished way out of proportion to his crime.
With your bare hands?!?


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- Shopping Bag ( 0 items )
From the Publisher"In elegant, year clear, and easy-to-read prose, Pommersheim provides a summative legal history and a constitutional analysis of some of the core Supreme Court decisions related to the role of the US Constitution in American Indian law...useful and accessible for American Indian tribal governments and tribal citizens, as well as of interest to scholars and students in other disciplines, such as Political Science and American Indian Studies."—Law and Politics Book Review
"A useful study...adequately conveys some of the fascinating difficulties and conundrums that severely complicate the relationship between indigenous nations, their tribal citizens, and the United States."—American Historical Review
"Offers a close and devastating reading of the defining cases in the field...Part of the mastery displayed in the text is [Pommersheim's] ability to move so quickly yet so thoroughly from the Cherokee Cases of the 1830s to Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock to contemporary Supreme Court cases...A nuanced, thoughtful, and original approach—a unique contribution to Indian law, and essential reading for all those interested in the field."—CHOICE
"Pommersheim delivers a beautifully written, detailed account of the complicated nature of Indian nations within the federal system and provides a roadman for understanding how tribal sovereignty has been situated-directly or indirectly-in the American constitutional framework since the nation's founding...The sweeping project chronicles a history that is, for scholars in the field, comfortably familiar, yet Pommersheim sheds new light on historical events and policies that shaped the founding of the United States, and, accordingly, its relationship with the indigenous nations it encompasses...Broken Landscape is a comprehensive, beautifully crafted, ambitious work that courageously breaks from the swarm of contemporary critique of the Supreme Court's Indian law jurisprudence...Pommersheim has written the book as an invitation to dialogue, and an incitement to action."—Journal of Legal Education
"Anyone who follows the writing about the Sioux (Lakota/Dakota/Nakota) cannot help but be attracted to a book with the title Broken Landscape...Pommerhseim spends some time indicating that he is pessimistic about the possibility that US courts and Congress will ever accept the criminal nature of their behavior so arduously traced in this text, which means that little can be done to rectify the sins of the past except to amend the Constitution and put our faith in the future of that document. This proposal is what make this book a milestone in the regional discussions here in South Dakota."—Wicazo Sa Review
"An outside-in look at what has gone wrong within federal Indian law at the national level because of failures by the Congress and the Supreme Court. Pommersheim provides a wonderfully readable history about the development of law regarding Indians and Indian tribes."—Tribal College Journal of American Indian Higher Education
"For Frank Pommersheim, the landscape of American Indian Law is broken because the Supreme Court's longstanding drift ignores both original constitutional intent and the quality of modern tribal governments. Can his call for a clarifying constitutional amendment to fortify tribal sovereignty, even given his deep scholarship and sensible, straightforward thinking, possibly be realistic? We'll see. But this powerful, compelling narrative puts the proposal on the table, and it will be noticed."—Charles Wilkinson, Distinguished University Professor and Moses Lasky Professor of Law at the University of Colorado, and author of American Indians, Time, and the Law and Blood Struggle
"Professor Pommersheim has made an important new contribution to a significant project he initiated in Braid of Feathers. Instead of stopping with a critical dissection of our legal and historical understanding of tribes and Indian law, he proposes a new integration that is consonant with our best selves and with a deep understanding of what it means to be sovereign. Disagree where we will, we would do well to listen to his voice and to engage with his powerful vision."—Gerald Torres, Bryant Smith Chair in Law, University of Texas at Austin
"Frank Pommersheim's Broken Landscape offers a brilliant, sweeping, and comprehensive overview of the development of Indian Law and the Constitution. The book will be to this generation of Indian law students and policy makers what Charles Wilkinson's American Indians, Time, and the Law was to the last."—Lindsay G. Robertson, Orpha and Maurice Merrill Professor of Law, History, and Native American Studies, University of Oklahoma


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La Jolla Cottage Rentals(20)
20 Results
2 more choices from the HomeAway Network
Recent La Jolla Reviews
We loved staying here!
We loved staying here! Perfect for a couple and their dog, and an occasional friend visit. The rooftop was awesome, the location perfect and the inside nice and cozy. We loved the ease of checkin and checkout with the app. Will definitely be back and/or recommend to others.
Amazing location and great service.
We rented this lovely house for 1 month, we really enjoyed our stay here. Location is perfect! walking distance to the beach and La Jolla restaurants. The house is very clean and comfortable. The terrace has a very nice BBQ grill. All appliances are brand new as well as the linens and towels. It includes bicycles, beach chairs and boogie boards. The street is a very quiet one. The best vacation rental we have stayed at. Thank you Nicole for all your attentions, we loved the basket you left for us with wine and snacks, it made us feel very welcomed. We absolutely recommend this place.
Truly a home way from home!
Rating Details: The property manager was more than helpful. The vacation rental was somewhat dirty. I was very happy with the location. I was more than satisfied with the condition of the vacation rental. Overall, I recommend this vacation rental. Reviewer Comments: Seabreeze has an app with all the necessary info on the rental, the area and the company, and it is the best thing ever! My only complaint is that the content was not available offline.
Using the app, we found the rental easily and checked ourselves in. There are electronic locks.
Our only problem during our stay, was the cleaning. The whole bed was COVERED in animal hair. It was on the pillow, the sheets, the duvet... everywhere! Also the bed skirt was seriously dirty and stained with gooey white spots and brown spots. Disgusting! Also the floors were gritty, the kitchenware was not washed properly and the outdoor furniture needed a good scrub. It was also very dusty, particularly on and behind the nightstands. The management company took care of it by sending someone to clean the rental, and also gave us a complimentary cleaning during our stay. The very dirty and stained bed skirt was never changed though and the dust was still there, so I really feel they should reconsider their cleaning team, as they obviously don´t take their job seriously.
The owners are very nice and helpful, although they have a company to handle the rental!
The rental is small, but it has high ceilings and lots of natural light, AC and a fan, and the double doors open up to the cozy patio where we enjoyed late evening BBQs and a glass of wine! The kitchen has everything you need to prepare your meals. The bathroom is adequate. The only thing a bit annoying is the very low shower. I´m 5´6" and had to bend by knees to wash my hair and my boyfriend being 6´1" almost had to sit to take a shower. Ha ha!
The rental comes with bicycles and a ton of beach gear, which is a HUGE plus!
Location is perfect. 5 minute walk to the beach, 15-20 minutes to the Village. Very safe and very quiet! Loved it!


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Cupcakes or Cake? Which Celebrities Prefer What?
Celebrity diets aren't always as bland as their body sizes might suggest. As it turns out, many are willing to make a quick caloric splurge when it comes to treats like cupcakes and cake.To find out which celebrities concur, click through this quiz.


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I have this MySQL query :
while ($x <= 9) {
$data_1 = "SELECT scene FROM star WHERE star LIKE '%".$star."%' ORDER BY RAND() LIMIT 1";
$result_1 = mysql_query ($data_1) OR die("Error: $data_1 </br>".mysql_error());
while($row_1 = mysql_fetch_object($result_1)) {
$scene = $row_1->scene;
$x = $x + 1;
I want to get everytime a new scene for each execution, but I always get the same scene. Whats the issue? Can someone make me a few pointers in which direction I have to search ?


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The title of this entry is a corruption of the Public Enemy cut ÔÇťFight the PowerÔÇŁÔÇöwhich is from an Isley BrotherÔÇÖs cut of the same name. There are millions of permutable egocentric interpretations about why people dissent. Most of the accused are boiled down to jealous toddlers, swaddled in narcissism.
The last week of Blog cruising is full of people asking other people to ÔÇśact nicer.ÔÇÖ The Mini-Microsoft guy is reminded that ÔÇťRarely does a bad attitude solve the problem.ÔÇŁ This quote sounds like advice for ÔÇťsex workers.ÔÇŁ Show me some scientific data proving that pleasuring people with an unmistakably ÔÇťgoodÔÇŁ attitude solves a real problem. LetÔÇÖs talk about the Dalia LamaÔÇÖs attitude and his problem with Red China.
In ÔÇťMy funny valentineÔÇŁ Nicholas Carr is rebuffed by The Scobelizer for being unkind to Microsoft and too kind to Google. In ÔÇťGovernment Bias Against AppleÔÇŁ Om Malik accuses the United States Government of being rude to Apple and too chummy with Microsoft. And, of course, the biggie, the CrunchNotes.com guy is not a racist.
HmmÔÇŽ ÔÇśact nicer.ÔÇÖ Well the poet in me, the African poet in me, wants to break the Imperial English that holds me captive in order to communicate non-English Imperial values. So dig: Nice was/is a city in Italy/FranceÔÇöand this reminds me of the need to get along in a renaissance mercantile culture. You never know who your next customer will be so itÔÇÖs best to not offend anyoneÔÇöexcept us Africans because everybody knows (including us) that we have no moneyÔÇöand we are ÔÇśused toÔÇÖ spending our existential billions on people who donÔÇÖt care whether we live or die.
So when I have to act ÔÇśniceÔÇÖ I know that I am acting. Okay, now I am actor. I expect to be paid like a professional. Most people act for free in a habitual imitation of television beings. Now thatÔÇÖs not NiceÔÇöis it? Hey that sounds like slavery! Now the dialectical extremist in you may suggest that when I ÔÇťrefuseÔÇŁ to act nice that means ÔÇťI wantÔÇŁ to be angry. Hey, dude, I did not grow up in that kind of dysfunctional family. My mother or father never ever beat me physically or emotionally into a pulp until I put on my ÔÇťhappy face.ÔÇŁ What does the Pink Floyd song say? ÔÇťHanging on in quiet desperation is the English wayÔÇŽÔÇŁ Welcome to my ghetto. That shit is broke.


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A multilayered gas sensor for detecting the presence of gases in air. In particular, sensors are described for sensing hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides. An additional feature of the invention is to provide a device that is suitable for sensing gases in the harsh environment of an automobile exhaust system. The device features a ceramic substrate and a glass layer to adhere a catalyst support to the substrate. A catalyst layer of either platinum or rhodium is deposited on the catalyst support and a thermally sensitive resistor element detects reactions of hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides on the corresponding catalyst.
1. A method for manufacturing a multilayered gas sensor, comprising:
a) supplying a base with a thermally sensitive resistor element thereon,
b) applying a glass layer to the base;
c) drying the glass layer;
d) applying a porous catalyst support structure on the glass layer;
e) heating the base, glass layer, and catalyst support structure at a temperature that will both reflow and adhere the glass layer to the catalyst support structure and the base; and
f) applying a catalyst onto exposed surfaces of the catalyst support structure after step e).
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the base is comprised of ceramic.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the ceramic includes alumina.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the catalyst support structure is comprised of ceramic particles.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the ceramic particles comprise alumina having a high surface area.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the ceramic particles are mixed with aluminum hydroxide to form a paste before application to the base.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the alumina particles are calcined prior to being applied to the base.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the catalyst is platinum for initiating reactions with hydrocarbons.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the catalyst is rhodium for initiating reactions with nitrogen oxides.
10. The method of claim 1, further comprising, supplying the base with conductors electrically connected to the thermally sensitive resistor element.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the conductors are comprised of gold.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the glass layer comprises powdered glass.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein the glass layer comprises powdered glass mixed with a screening agent to form a paste.
14. The method of claim 1, wherein the catalyst support structure and glass layer are applied by screen printing.
15. The method of claim 1, wherein the heating temperature for reflowing the glass layer is 700 degrees centigrade.
16. A method for manufacturing a multilayered gas sensor, comprising:
a) supplying a base having a gold conductor electrically connected to a thermally sensitive resistor element thereon;
b) making a glass paste using powdered glass mixed with a screening agent;
c) screen printing the glass paste on the base over the thermally sensitive resistor element;
d) drying the glass paste to form a glass layer;
e) calcining porous alumina particles at 600 degrees centigrade for one hour for the purpose of assuring a high surface area;
f) mixing the alumina particles with aluminum hydroxide to form an alumina paste;
g) screen printing the alumina paste over the glass layer to form a catalytic support structure;
h) heating the base, glass layer and catalytic support structure together at a temperature of 700 degrees centigrade to reflow and adhere the glass layer to the alumina particles and the base;
i) applying a catalyst mixture onto exposed surfaces of the catalytic support structure; and
j) reheating the base, glass layer, and catalyst support structure at 500 degrees centigrade to reduce the catalyst mixture to a pure catalyst.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the catalyst mixture is platinic acid.
18. The method of claim 16, wherein the catalyst mixture is rhodium chloride.
19. The method of claim 16, wherein the pure catalyst is platinum for reacting with hydrocarbons.
20. The method of claim 16, wherein the pure catalyst is rhodium for reacting with nitrogen oxides.
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a sensor for detecting the presence of gases in air, and more specifically to a sensor having a multilayered structure for adhering a catalyst over a resistive sensing element.
2. Description of the Related Art
The use of catalysts to enhance the rate of chemical reactions is well known. A catalyst can be any substance that affects a chemical reaction rate without itself being consumed or undergoing a chemical change in the process. Catalysts may be inorganic, organic, or a complex composition of organic groups and metal halides.
The present invention is directed at the use of a catalyst in gas sensors. Catalytic gas sensors function by creating a chemical reaction when the gas to be sensed comes in contact with the catalyst. Often, the chemical reaction creates a temperature change that can be used to effect the electrical resistance of a conductor. Thus, typical sensing elements are conductors that both exhibit conductivity changes as the temperature varies and are coated with a catalyst.
Typically, gas sensing devices use both a catalyzed sensor and a non-catalyzed reference sensor. The two sensors are typically coupled in a Wheatstone bridge arrangement. Gas concentrations can be determined by measuring the difference in voltage drop across the catalyzed and non-catalyzed coated conductors.
3. Related Art
Examples of patents that are related to the present invention are as follows, and each patent is herein incorporated by reference for the supporting teachings:
U.S. Pat. No. 4,045,177, is an apparatus for detecting combustible gases.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,322,383, is a gas component detection device composed of two metal oxide sensors.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,447,397, is a catalytic gas sensor having a filament coated with titanium dioxide (TiO2).
U.S. Pat. No. 4,957,705, is an oxygen gas concentration detecting device.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,445,796, is an oxygen concentrating sensor with a heat resistant coating.
U.S. Pat. No. Re. 33,980, is a thick film gas sensitive element.
The foregoing patents reflect the state of the art of which the applicant is aware and are tendered with the view toward discharging applicant's acknowledged duty of candor in disclosing information which may be pertinent in the examination of this application. It is respectfully stipulated, however, that none of these patents teach or render obvious, singularly or when considered in combination, applicant's claimed invention.
4. Problems with Related Art
A problem with current gas sensors is that there is no compact, cost effective, and durable hydrocarbon or nitrogen oxide sensors that is suitable for functioning in the harsh environment of an automobile exhaust system. Sensors are needed to measure these gases to assure that automobiles are complying with emission requirements. The auto industry currently uses oxygen sensors to indirectly measure hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, but indirect measurement is not as accurate as more direct measurement.
A further problem is the difficulty in designing a sensor structure that can operate properly when exposed to temperature extremes, continuous vibrations, mechanical shock and contaminants without experiencing a significant degradation of performance over its expected life.
It is noted that the above described problems, and other problems are solved through the subject invention and will become more apparent to one skilled in the art, from the detailed description of the subject invention.
It is a feature of the invention to provide a multilayered sensor for directly detecting the presence of gases in air. In particular, the sensor directly senses hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides by using a thermally sensitive resistor that responds to the reaction of the gases on a catalyst.
An additional feature of the invention is to provide a cost effective device that is suitable for sensing gases in a harsh environment of an automobile exhaust system.
The structure of the gas sensor includes a base with a resistor element. The electrical resistance of the resistor element changes as the temperature varies. A layer of glass material is located on the base over the resistor element, and a catalytic support structure is adhered onto the layer of glass. On the catalytic support structure a catalyst is deposited that will promote an exothermic reaction when contacting the gas to be sensed. The exothermic reaction causes a rise in the temperature of the resistor element.
A further feature of the invention is to provide a device that has a ceramic substrate and a glass layer for adhering a catalyst support layer to the substrate. The catalyst support structure is comprised of high surface area ceramic particles. A catalytic material is deposited on the catalytic support structure for reacting with the gas to be sensed.
The invention resides not in any one of these features per se, but rather in the particular combination of all of them herein disclosed and claimed and it is distinguished from the prior art in this particular combination of all of its structures for the functions specified.
There has thus been outlined, rather broadly, the more important features of the invention in order that the detailed description thereof that follows may be better understood, and so that the present contribution to the art may be better appreciated. There are, of course, additional features of the invention that will be described hereinafter and which will form the subject matter of the claims appended hereto. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception, upon which this disclosure is based, may readily be utilized as a basis for the designing of other structures, methods and systems for carrying out the several purposes of the present invention. It is important, therefore, that the claims be regarded as including such equivalent constructions insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the sensor of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-section of FIG. 1 taken through section a--a showing the multilayered structure.
FIG. 3 is an enlargement of a portion of FIG. 2 showing the catalyst support structure.
It is noted that the drawings of the invention are not to scale. The drawings are merely schematic representations, not intended to portray specific parameters of the invention. The drawings are intended to depict only typical embodiments of the invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention. In the drawings, like numbering represents like elements between the drawings.
The present invention provides a gas sensor having a multilayered structure. The structure is ideally suited to sensing hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides in an automobile exhaust system. Regarding FIG. 1, there is a plan view of the gas sensor 10 of the present invention showing a portion of a substrate (base) 20. Substrate 20 is preferably made out of a ceramic material but other suitable dielectric materials may be utilized. Only the portion of substrate 20 containing a catalytic support structure 30 and glass adhesion layer 26 has been included in FIG. 1.
The remaining portion of substrate 20 can take on any desired configuration that will supply the necessary structural and thermal properties for the sensor. For instance, the structure must be strong enough to survive the shock and vibration attendant in an automobile exhaust system. In addition, the thermal properties must be such that any catalytic reactions occurring on catalytic support structure 30 can be detected by a thermally sensitive resistor element 22 located on substrate 20 (i.e. the substrate must not extract so much heat from the catalytic reaction that there is no resulting temperature increase in resistor element 22).
Located on substrate 20 and electrically connected to resistor element 22, are conductors 24 and 25. Conductors 24 and 25 are connected to circuitry (not shown) that can detect resistance changes from accompanying voltage drops along the length of resistor element 22.
In FIG. 2, a cross section taken through resistor element 22 is depicted. Resistor element 22 can be deposited on substrate 20 using any conventional thick or thin film technique as long as the deposit is robust enough to withstand the environment of an auto exhaust system and the thermal coefficient of resistivity is high enough so that the resistor will respond to temperature changes from catalytic reactions. The material used to form resistor element 22 can be selected using these same criteria. In the preferred embodiment, it was found that platinum is a suitable material for resistor element 22 and that screen printing proved to be a suitable deposition method.
Conductors 24 and 25 can likewise be deposited using any conventional thick or thin film technique. Gold was selected as the conductor material for the preferred embodiment.
A layer of glass 26 is deposited over the resistor element 22. One way of forming glass layer 26 is to mix powdered glass with a screening agent comprised of an organic solvent, a rheology agent and a wetting agent. This creates a paste that can be screen printed on the substrate. The glass layer can also be formed using a doctor blade or brushing the mixture on. The layer of glass 26 is then dried but not fired yet. This provides a firm surface on which to deposit the catalytic support structure 30, but still enables the glass to act as an adhesion promoter when the structure is subsequently fired.
The catalytic support structure 30 is comprised of high surface area particles such as powdered alumina. The particles can be calcined before applying them to the sensor structure to help assure that they have a high surface area for receiving a catalyst coating. The alumina particles can be combined with aluminum hydroxide or a similar substance to form a paste for application. The paste can be applied with thick film techniques such as screen printing.
After catalytic support structure 30 is applied the entire assembly is fired at the proper firing profile for the glass employed. This will reflow the glass and cause it to firmly adhere to both the alumina particles and substrate 20. It is important that the glass bond very firmly to both the substrate and catalytic support because if the alumina particles flake off, the sensor will no longer function. In principal, any glass film formation, including many commercially available varieties such as GA-4 from Nippon Electric Glass, can be used as described above, provided it has the property of adhering to both substrate 20 and the catalytic support structure 30. A temperature of 700 degrees centigrade for 1 hour is sufficient to reflow the GA-4 glass.
The final step is to apply a catalyst to catalytic support structure 30. In the preferred embodiment for a hydrocarbon sensor, platinum is used for the catalyst. The platinum is applied as a chloroplatinic acid solution using a dropper or other suitable technique. Afterwards the entire structure is again fired at about 500 degrees centigrade for 1 hour to reduce the acid to platinum.
The final catalytic support structure, as shown by the enlarged view in FIG. 3, is comprised of alumina particles 34 adhered to glass layer 26. The particles vary in size and shape and the surface may include pores 36. When the chloroplatinic acid is applied and dried as described above, the surfaces of particles 34, including the surfaces of pores 36, will be covered by a very fine layer of platinum.
Operation of the Sensor
The key to the operation of the sensor is the catalytic reaction of the gas to be sensed and the ability of the resistor element to respond to this respond to the reaction by a resulting change in its resistance. For example, as a hydrocarbon gas comes in contact with the platinum catalyst, a chemical reaction occurs in which the hydrocarbon is combusted and heat is generated. The greater the quantity of hydrocarbons, the more heat is produced, thus causing the resistance of resistor element 22 to rise accordingly.
The resistance of resistor element 22 is then compared to the resistance of a reference sensor (not shown), which is in the same environment, but is not covered with a catalyst. The difference in the resistance between resistor element 22 and the reference sensor is due to the heat generated by the catalytic reaction and indicates the concentration of hydrocarbons in an exhaust stream.
Nitrogen Oxide Sensor Variation
A nitrogen oxide sensor can be made using the same procedure as outlined above for a hydrocarbon sensor except that a rhodium catalyst is substituted for platinum. The rhodium is deposited onto the catalytic support structure 30 in the form of rhodium chloride. The rhodium chloride is deposited in the same manner as the chloroplatinic acid and likewise fired to reduce the solution to pure rhodium.
Variations of the Preferred Embodiment
Although the illustrated embodiments depict the resistor element 22 in a horseshoe configuration one skilled in the art will realize that the preferred embodiment would work with most any pattern. The horseshoe shape merely provides an efficient means to place electrical conductors 24 and 25 in close proximity to each other for size constraints and manufacturability reasons.
In addition, the glass layer 25 and catalytic support structure 30 do not have to be applied in a rectangular shape as depicted in FIG. 1. They can be deposited in any desired shape. As discussed above, substrate 20 can also take on other configurations. Furthermore, the glass and ceramic particles can be mixed with water or other suitable solutions/solvents to form a paste for application to the base.
Furthermore, other types of ceramic particles besides alumina can be used in the catalytic support structure, and other glass materials besides GA-4 would also be suitable. Any glass that will adhere firmly to both the ceramic particles and substrate can be used.
While the disclosure discusses the sensing of both hydrocarbon gas and nitrogen oxide, one skilled in the art of making gas sensors would easily adapt this design to sense most any gas that is capable of an exothermic reaction upon being exposed to a suitable catalytic material placed over the catalytic support structure.
Although the invention has been taught with specific reference to these embodiments, someone skilled in the art will recognize that changes can be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention. The described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
Patent Citations
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1. Have fish cleaned, but left whole.
2. Slice ginger root; then combine with soy sauce, sherry and star anise. Add to fish and let stand 30 minutes, turning occasionally.
3. Drain fish, discarding marinade; then blot dry with paper toweling. Meanwhile heat oil.
4. Add fish, several at a time, and deep-fry until crisp and golden. Drain on paper toweling.
5. Let cool; then refrigerate to chill. Sprinkle with sesame oil and serve.


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hey guys i just bought a beretta 92fs and i bought remington umc 9mm luger 115gr. and it was awful. Every shot my gun jammed.
I want to ask what yalls recommendation of ammo i should buy for my gun. It's a 9mm handgun.
Thanks guys
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Get a different handgun. Umc isn't the best, but their is worse out there. I used to have a beretta INOX and it shot umc fine, cause that's all I used to shoot. It is dirty ammo, but it has a stronger charge than Winchester plinking stuff. But if you wanna try a better ammo, try Speer lawman. It's clean and it has pop.
Curious about what kind of jams you were getting, fail to feed, fail to eject, double feed? Had a 92 and can't remember it ever jamming. What type of umc ammo? Was it new or the remanufactured stuff.
"The whole of the Bill (of Rights) is a declaration of the right of the people at large or considered as individuals.... It establishes some rights of the individual as unalienable and which consequently, no majority has a right to deprive them of." (Albert Gallatin of the New York Historical Society, October 7, 1789)
"A free people ought not only to be armed and disciplined, but they should have sufficient arms and ammunition to maintain a status of independence from any who might attempt to abuse them, which would include their own government." - George Washington
I've never seen umc jam, not in my beretta, Glock, colt or springfield.
It failed to eject and it was double feeding too. Remington umc ammo and no
I used a different type of ammo and it worked fine, but I want to know what other ammo are reliable for the beretta
Speer lawman, federal, and hornady.
I have 2 Berettas, and a INOX as well, and have never had a problem with Remington UMC 9mm ammo or any other caliber of UMC ammo, doing what you described. As stated, it is a little dirty though.
I use the cheap Winchester white box from Wallyworld in mine-
Never a hiccup
Texan By Birth & Choice


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Mitel BPC 2013 – Day 2 – A Partner's Perspective
Mitel BPC 2013 – Day 2 – A Partner's Perspective As I closed yesterday's blog, I promised that today would prove to be a true highlight of the BPC ... the first of our series of Breakout Sessions. In terms of content there was plenty of variety. Whether you were looking for technical ...
Customer Success Story: City of Charles Sturt
... Story: City of Charles Sturt "Our migration to the Mitel solution was rapid and smooth. Mitel has helped us to improve the ... as well as providing the ability to access custom web content. Speaking in more details about the Intelligent Queue functionality ...


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From breakfast to desserts and everything in between, you'll find great recipes that the whole family will enjoy.
Fall Pear Recipes
Lighten up! Substitute 2 tablespoons canola oil for the butter, and opt for light coconut milk, to save 170 calories and 20 grams of fat per serving.
Recipe: Chicken-and-Okra Curry
Sweet and buttery, this simple and succulent roasted chicken is a perfect recipe for a cold, wintry day.
Recipe: Maple-Butter Roasted Chicken


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The Jacksonville headquarters of Medtronic's surgical technologies gets an addition plus 175 new jobs, partly due to subsidies.
The logo of Medtronic Inc. is displayed at Medtronic Singapore Operations (MSO)
Photo: Munshi Ahmed, Bloomberg
Fridley-based Medtronic said Thursday it break ground next week on a $14 million, 75,000-square-foot-building that expands the Jacksonville, Fla., headquarters of its "surgical technologies" business.
As recently as last August, Medtronic said it was considering either Jacksonville and a location in Texas for the expansion. To attract the Medtronic expansion the city of Jacksonville offered the company $660,000 in tax breaks, and the state of Florida provided an additional $1.87 million in unspecified funding, Medtronic said.
When completed in 2015, the new building will employ an additional 175 new full-time workers whose average annual wage will be $80,000 a year, or a total of $14 million annually, Medtronic said. The new building will house office space, an auditorium, customer training, and research and development.
Surgical technologies is part of Medtronic's restorative therapies group, and employs 1,500 people in seven offices around the world. Jacksonville is the largest office, with more than 600 employees, Medtronic said.
The surgical technologies business generated $1.1 billion in revenue last year, or 7 percent of Medtronic's $15.9 billion in revenue. It develops products for ear, nose and throat diseases and for cranial, spinal and neurologic conditions.
Steve Alexander • 612-673-4553


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Order now to get your order delivered in time for Passover Click here for Passover cut-off dates>>
Passover Schedule:
Between Friday of April 3rd and Friday, April 10th. only items marked "Kosher for Passover" will be shipped. All other items will ship when we re-open on Monday, April 13th.
Thursday, April 9th: Shipping cut-off time: 11:00am ET. Office closes at 3pm.
Friday, April 10th: Closed.
Ingredients: Corn, High Oleic Oil (one or more of the following Canola Oil, Sunflower Oil and/or Safflower Oil).
Allergen Information: Manufactured in a facility that processes peanuts, tree nuts, dairy products, wheat and soy.


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Find commute times to your work, school, gym and more.
Prarie Lakes Townhouse
- This property is no longer listed on Rent.com. For this reason please note that any pricing or description information may not be up-to-date.
Search Available Townhomes
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Smoke Free, Swimming Pool
central air conditioning, Guest Parking, lawn care, Off Street Parking, snow removal, washer and dryer included in unit
Property Details
Prarie Lakes twnhse 2-3 BR unit available. 1475 square ft 2+ bed in upscale Fishers/Nobles area. Avail 10/15/14, possibly 10/1/14
Prarie Lakes townhouse 2+ bedroom with large loft upstairs. (Will convert to 3 bedroom for the right tenant.) One car attached garage with patio on rear of unit. Private entrance. Excellent location near Hwy 37 and 146th St. Near health clubs, shopping, restaurants, and day care. Easy access to 146th and 37. Located in Fishers. Hamilton Southeastern school systems. All appliances included. Washer/Dryer in laundry unit on second floor. Ample closets on both floors. Ten foot ceilings on first floor, beautiful 42' cabinets in kitchen. Lots of light and carpets in excellent condition. Freshly painted and move in ready. Community pool located on site. Mowing, garbage removal, snow removal and pool access included in rental fees. Renter responsible for electric bill which averages $150/month. Available 10/15/14, possibly 10/1/14.
Leasing Terms
$1100 per month, 12 month lease, $1300 security deposit
$30 to run credit application and background check will apply to 1st month rent if selected
Available 10/15/14
Pet Policy
Dogs Accepted. Call for service animal policy.
Community Information
2 units
Building Type


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Terms & Conditions.
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Dress your dog in a fresh pattern with the Blakely Stripe Leash. It boasts nylon webbing and a high polished swivel bolt snap. Individually constructed and handcrafted in Greenville, South Carolina, it makes your dog look his preppy best.
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Say this much for exchange-traded funds in 2013: They'll keep drawing new investors. The ETF industry's assets leapt more than 25% to $1.34 trillion in 2012, including a record $185 billion in new money, and show few signs of slowing down. Behind the growth: Stock ETFs are becoming ever less expensive. Market volatility and correlation are keeping stock pickers' success to a minimum, which only helps ETFs, the bulk of which are passively managed. Then there are factors specific to asset classes, like the expanding field of bond ETFs. But big growth for the industry doesn't necessarily mean big changes for investors. Here are three trends to watch.
FEES BECOME LESS—and more—important. Ironically, the price wars of 2012 have made the Holy Grail of low-cost investing—a "free" investment vehicle—closer to attainable on ETFs from the biggest providers, but less important in the process. Even the cost-cutting Vanguard Group was outdone by Charles Schwab schw 0.8898589657488247% Charles Schwab Corp. U.S.: NYSE USD30.045 0.265 0.8898589657488247% /Date(1427475210320-0500)/ Volume (Delayed 15m) : 2008719 P/E Ratio 31.253902185223726 Market Cap 39043187682.4559 Dividend Yield 0.7990677542866655% Rev. per Employee 416712 More quote details and news » (ticker: SCHW), which chopped ETF fees as low as 0.04% on some products. At that low level, there's little incremental gain from another fee cut—so other costs become more important. Expect expense ratios to continue to fall in 2013, but watch the conversation turn toward other expenses that affect total return, like tracking error and tax efficiency.
FIDELITY ENTERS THE FRAY. Fidelity Investments will enter the ETF market in a big way in 2013, putting the squeeze on State Street STT -0.3394433129667346% State Street Corp. U.S.: NYSE USD73.4 -0.25 -0.3394433129667346% /Date(1427475232318-0500)/ Volume (Delayed 15m) : 626641 P/E Ratio 15.748068669527896 Market Cap 30364496710.6339 Dividend Yield 1.6351892731583682% Rev. per Employee 335536 More quote details and news » (STT) and a handful of smaller firms. Fidelity's arrival as a player in ETFs has been a long time coming, and there are skeptics. But the emergence of bond powerhouse Pimco as a leader in both fixed-income and actively managed ETFs shows that well-known latecomers with good products can draw lots of investors. Fidelity has filed for both passively managed and actively managed ETFs, with many market observers turning to a new unit in Denver focusing on sector investing as the place to watch. If Fidelity launches a new suite of sector ETFs, it means unprecedented competition for State Street's popular SPDR sector funds, as well as for smaller companies like First Trust that offer sector-specific ETFs. Investors will have more choice; fund sponsors will have more competitive headaches.
A BOND EXODUS COULD be problematic. Bond ETFs will continue to build assets—until suddenly they don't. The relatively underdeveloped field of bond ETFs enjoyed impressive year-on-year growth in 2012, with investors seemingly undeterred by low yields. Bill Gross' Pimco Total Return BOND 0.45632928721365335% PIMCO Total Return Active ETF U.S.: NYSE Arca 110.07 0.5 0.45632928721365335% /Date(1427475128123-0500)/ Volume (Delayed 15m) : 22681 P/E Ratio N/A Market Cap N/A Dividend Yield 3.9296549970023436% Rev. per Employee N/A More quote details and news » ETF (BOND) became the fastest-growing exchange-traded-fund launch ever, reaching $3.8 billion since its March debut. But when—and it is a matter of when, not if—the selloff in bonds happens, some ETF investors will be particularly hard hit. There are popular, multibillion-dollar funds such as the iShares iBoxx $ High Yield Corporate Bond HYG 0.15486725663716813% iShares iBoxx $ High Yield Corporate Bond ETF U.S.: NYSE Arca 90.54 0.14 0.15486725663716813% /Date(1427475231319-0500)/ Volume (Delayed 15m) : 1265767 P/E Ratio N/A Market Cap N/A Dividend Yield 5.211814867999558% Rev. per Employee N/A More quote details and news » ETF (HYG), whose shares trade more heavily than some of the underlying components. Particularly when it comes to high-yield and municipal bonds, investors will be reminded that an easy-to-trade ETF is painful to sell when its price drops to a significant discount to net asset value.
Comments: email@example.com; twitter.com/bconway;


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Bo Moore
Bo Moore is a regular contributor to Game|Life. He also freelances specializing in culture and entertainment, and frequently tweets about bacon and eggs.
The Longest Hearthstone Turn Ever Is Happening Right Now
Right now, a potential world record is being set in Hearthstone, and you can watch it as it takes place.
Free-to-Play Is Coming to Consoles (Don't Panic)
Console gamers might find that the coming free-to-play era of games might actually get them higher-quality products.
Now You Can Play Cards Against Humanity on Your Phone
Good news, horrible people: Cards Against Humanity now has an app you can play anywhere.
Microsoft's Vision for Games: Unifying Xbox and Windows 10
Microsoft has a vision for the future of gaming: A unified experience across Xbox One and Windows 10. Xbox head Phil Spencer laid out that...
Robot Roller-Derby Disco Dodgeball Is as Amazing as You'd Expect
You'd think that this game would involve skating around a discotheque throwing balls at other robots, and you'd be right.
New Mod Lets You Use a Selfie Stick in Doom
InstaDoom is a new mod that adds a selfie stick and photo filters to the 22-year-old first-person shooter.
The Master Screenwriter Who Transforms Your Favorite Comics Into Movies
You're a fan of Kick-Ass. You're a fan of X-Men (First Class, not X3 or the Wolverine dreck). You might not know it, but that...
Peter Molyneux's God Game Is Looking Like Yet Another Disappointment
Godus was supposed to be Peter Molyneux's glorious return to the god-game genre he pioneered. Instead, it could be his biggest disappointment yet.
Super Bowl Ads for Mobile Games (Probably) Paid Off Big
Could it possibly be worth spending $4.5 million for 30 seconds of airtime to get people to take notice of your free-to-play phone game?
How a Tweet Turned Into the Best New Multiplayer Game in Years
#IDARB is one of the most hyped adventure games in ages. Here's an inside look at the development of a game created with ideas gleaned...


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UK: Honour crime - life imprisonment for father
A man who murdered his 24 year old daughter after discovering her 'secret' boyfriend has been jailed for life.
Faqir Mohammed, 69, flew into a rage when he came home from evening prayer in June last year to find his daughter, Shahida Perveen Mohammed, with a boyfriend in her bedroom. Manchester Crown Court heard Mohammed stabbed Shahida 19 times in the head and stomach. Sentencing him, Mr Justice Field described it as a "dreadful crime" and only a sentence of life imprisonment was appropriate.
Submitted on Tue, 02/19/2002 - 00:00
Relevant Resources
- Remembering
- Violence against Women in the context of Political Transformations and Economic Crisis in the Euro-Mediterranean Region:
- Too Young to Wed
- Report of the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, Rashida Manjoo*
- Disposable Victims: Laws and Practices on Gender-related Killings of Women and Girls in the Islamic Republic of Iran


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| June 14, 2009 | Ports & Terminals
Giant wind turbine components are being unloaded today and tomorrow at the Port of Indiana-Burns Harbor for one of the world's largest wind farms under construction in northwestern Indiana. Read More »
| June 14, 2009 | Ports & Terminals
Officials from the Port of Long Beach and BP America were joined by elected leaders to unveil the world's first oil tanker terminal equipped with shore power to eliminate air emissions from docked vessels. Read More »
| June 14, 2009 | Ports & Terminals
MSC Daniela became the largest containership to have ever left the port of Rotterdam fully laden - a European record. Read More »
| June 14, 2009 | Intermodal
Gil Carmichael, Founding Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Intermodal Transportation Institute (ITI) at the University of Denver, told a group of transportation industry, academics, and government leaders at the National Transportation Infrastruct Read More »
| June 14, 2009 | Intermodal
The Agricultural and Food Transporters Conference (AFTC) of the American Trucking Associations (ATA) released a critique that refutes a report prepared by the Volpe National Transportation Systems Center alleging safety concerns with hours-of-service exem Read More »
| June 14, 2009 | International Trade
Prospects for wrapping up troubled world trade talks have improved, after signs of a new commitment from key players such as the United States, a group of major agricultural exporting nations said. Read More »
| June 14, 2009 | International Trade
The Bank of France forecast a marginally less gloomy outlook for the French economy in the second quarter and trade figures for April showed a slight narrowing in the deficit. Read More »
| June 14, 2009 | Air Cargo
Lufthansa Cargo AG is continuing to campaign for a practicable night flight regulation at Frankfurt Airport. At the beginning of the hearing before the Higher Administrative Court in Kassel, the Workers Council of the airfreight company launched an inform Read More »
| June 14, 2009 | Air Cargo
Volga-Dnepr Airlines has transported supplies and equipment for Japan's Ministry of Defense (JGSDF) from Sendai, Japan to the Republic of Djibouti in Africa as part of a major multi-national action to wipe out sea piracy off the coast of Somalia. Read More »
| June 14, 2009 | Liner Shipping
In another move to reduce transit times between Southeast Asia and the USWC, MOL now offers a new service between Phnom Penh (Cambodia) and North America. Read More »
| June 14, 2009 | Liner Shipping
The Institute of International Container Lessors President Steven Blust, has announced the release of the IICL's Twenty First Annual Lease Container Fleet Survey, noting that as of January 1, 2009, the operating leasing fleet of world containers reached a Read More »
| June 14, 2009 | Liner Shipping
With threats of another dry summer on the West Coast of North America, Hamburg S'd has been helping reposition a fleet of nimble Bell B212 helicopters from service below the equator to the Canadian West. Seven of the choppers have been delivered so far f Read More »
| June 11, 2009 | Breakbulk & Projects
Their family has been involved in shipping for 175 years. They are the fifth generation and today run two independent groups of companies: Bertram and Erck Rickmers, entrepreneurs and ship owners from Hamburg, will be celebrating the 175th anniversary of Read More »
| June 11, 2009 | Ports & Terminals
Port Everglades got the "green light" from the Broward County Commission to begin exploring the possibility of installing shore-side power, commonly called "cold ironing," at the new Cruise Terminal 18, which will be the year-round homeport terminal for R Read More »
| June 11, 2009 | Ports & Terminals
The first battery-driven AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle) will in future be transporting containers at HHLA's Container Terminal Altenwerder. HHLA and Gottwald are committed to zero exhaust emissions. Read More »
| June 11, 2009 | Intermodal
The American Trucking Associations (ATA) told a Congressional Committee that a cap-and-trade program would impose significant costs on the trucking industry and American consumers. Read More »
| June 11, 2009 | Intermodal
The company is adding equipment and personnel to its nightly service between the US Northeast and Toronto with continuing service to other major cities in Canada. Read More »
| June 11, 2009 | Air Cargo
Hong Kong Air cargo Terminals Limited (Hactl) released its tonnage figures for May 2009. A total of 177,980 tons were handled last month, down 18.6% year-on-year. Cumulative tonnage for the first five months of the year was 815,803 tons, down 23.0% compar Read More »
| June 11, 2009 | Air Cargo
On the eve of an annual goose roundup at Rikers Island that already has removed nearly 1,250 geese from the vicinity of LaGuardia Airport, the Port Authority today highlighted a number of new initiatives to strengthen its aggressive bird mitigation progra Read More »
| June 09, 2009 | Breakbulk & Projects
TITAN Salvage and CSA International, Inc. announced that they have signed a memorandum of understanding that allows TITAN to gain the experience and expertise of CSA's coral reef and seagrass experts when TITAN undertakes environmentally sensitive jobs an Read More »