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Teo, Sui-Guan, Simpson, Leonie R., Wong, Kenneth Koon-Ho, & Dawson,
Edward (2011) State convergence and the effectiveness of time-memory-
data tradeoffs. In Abraham, Ajith, Zheng, Daniel, Agrawal, Dharma, Ab-
dollah, Mohd Faizal, Corchado, Emilio, Casola, Valentina, et al. (Eds.)
Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Information Assur-
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State Convergence and the effectiveness of
Time-Memory-Data Tradeoffs
Sui-Guan Teo, Kenneth Koon-Ho Wong, Ed Dawson
Information Security Institute
Queensland University of Technology
Brisbane Qld 4001, Australia
{sg.teo, kk.wong, email@example.com
Leonie Simpson
Faculty of Science and Technology
Queensland University of Technology
GPO Box 2434, Brisbane Qld 4001, Australia
Abstract—Various time-memory tradeoffs attacks for stream
ciphers have been proposed over the years. However, the claimed
success of these attacks assumes the initialisation process of the
stream cipher is one-to-one. Some stream cipher proposals do
not have a one-to-one initialisation process. In this paper, we
examine the impact of this on the success of time-memory-data
tradeoff attacks. Under the circumstances, some attacks are more
successful than previously claimed while others are less. The
conditions for both cases are established.
Index Terms—Stream cipher, Time-Memory-Data Tradeoffs,
state convergence, A5/1, Mixer, ZUC
Modern stream cipher applications use a secret key and a
publicly known initialisation vector (IV) to form an initial
internal state before keystream generation begins. This is
commonly used in secure communications, where a single
communication in frame-based applications can consist of
multiple frames. A communication will use a single master
key and each frame in the communication will be encrypted
using that key and a distinct IV. For example, a mobile phone
conversation is divided into many frames. Each frame in the
communication is encrypted separately using the same master
key and using the frame number as the IV. The initial state for
each frame formed from the master key and IV is referred to as
a session key. Given a suitable state size (at least equal to the
sum of the key and IV lengths), a good initialisation process
should ensure that each key-IV pair generates a session key
and hence a distinct keystream.
State convergence in a keystream generator occurs when
two distinct internal states generate the same next state.
State convergence can occur either during initialisation, during
keystream generation, or both. For the stream ciphers A5/1 [8],
Mixer [9] and ZUC [10], analysis reveals that the keystream
generators of each of these stream ciphers experience state
convergence [11]–[14]. This occurs only during initialisa-
tion for Mixer but during both initialisation and keystream
generation for A5/1 [13]. Where state convergence occurs
during initialisation, the same keystream will be produced
from different key-IV pairs.
A generic technique in stream cipher cryptanalysis is the
time-memory-data tradeoff (TMDT) attack. TMDT attacks
were first used to attack block ciphers by Hellman [1] and
later adapted for stream cipher cryptanalysis by Babbage [2]
and Goli´ c [3]. Additional TMDT attacks on stream ciphers are
proposed by Biryukov and Shamir [4], Hong and Sarkar [5],
[6], and Dunkelman and Keller [7]. n this paper, we discuss
the effectiveness of TMDT attacks when applied to keystream
generators for which state convergence occurs, particularly
with respect to the type of state convergence that occurs.
This paper is organised as follows. Section II gives a brief
introduction to the initialisation and keystream generation
process of keystream generators and reviews common TMDT
on stream ciphers. Section III discusses the effect state conver-
gence has on TMDT master and session key recovery attacks.
Section IV concludes this paper and proposes possible areas
for future research.
A. Initialisation and keystream generation process
Keystream generators for stream ciphers operate by main-
taining an internal state and applying update and output
functions to the state. The state of a keystream generator is of
size s bits. Modern keystream generators take two inputs: a
master key and an IV, of size k and v bits, respectively. Thus,
a key-IV pair has a total length of k+v bits. Before keystream
generation commences, a key-IV pair is used to form an initial
internal state value. This process is referred to as initialisation
and can be considered as a mapping from binary vectors of
length k + v to those of length s.
The initialisation process is often performed in three phases:
key-loading, IV-loading and the diffusion phase. In the key-
loading and IV-loading phases, the master key and IV are
transferred to the keystream generator's state. When both the
master key and IV have been transferred, the stream cipher is
in its "loaded state". If s < k +v, key and IV loading results
in state compression and consequently, the total number of
distinct keystreams is less than the total number of key-IV
pairs. If s ≥ k + v, the loading process potentially provides
2k+vdistinct loaded states.
Following this, the diffusion phase begins. This is generally
the most complex phase of the initialisation process and it is
important, as using the loaded state directly to begin keystream
generation could make the stream cipher vulnerable to corre-
lation or algebraic attacks. The diffusion phase consists of a
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number of iterations of the initialisation state-update function.
Each iteration of the initialisation state-update function can be
considered as a function which maps the state space to itself.
This mapping should be one-to-one and nonlinear in nature.
After the initialisation process is complete, the keystream
generator is said to be in an initial state. Let I be the
total number of distinct initial states. If s ≥ k + v and the
initialisation process is well-designed, I = 2k+v. If I < 2k+v,
state convergence has occurred during initialisation.
Once the keystream generator is in its initial state, the
keystream generation phase begins. To generate keystream,
a state-update function is applied to the internal state of
the stream cipher and an output function is applied to this
internal state. This state-update function can be either be the
same function used in the initialisation phase or a different
function. An example of a stream cipher which uses the same
state-update function for both initialisation and keystream
generation is A5/1 [8], while Mixer [9] is an example of a
stream cipher which uses a different state-update function for
initialisation and keystream generation.
To prevent TMDT attacks, it is recommended that modern
stream ciphers have an internal state size which is greater or
equal to k + v, where v ≥ 1.5k [7]. Since the state space
is at least the size of the space spanned by a key-IV pair, it
is reasonable to expect that the initialisation process will be
one-to-one, that is, each distinct key-IV pair should map to a
distinct state at the end of initialisation.
B. Review of some time-memory-data tradeoff attacks
The goal of TMDT attacks is to recover either the session
key, the internal state at a known point in time or the master
key. If the attacker manages to recover the session key of a
keystream generator, they can use it to generate keystream to
decrypt the entire frame. However, the attacker will not be
able to use this session key to decrypt other frames in the
conversation, since these will have been encrypted using the
same master key but a different IV. Master key recovery is
stronger as this allows an attacker to decrypt all other frames
in a conversation.
TMDT attacks are performed in two phases: the pre-
computation phase and the online phase. In the pre-
computation phase, a lookup table is constructed. This table
has two columns. For state recovery, the first column consists
of selected session keys (initial internal states) of the stream
cipher. For master key recovery, the first column consists
of selected master keys (and might also include the IV). In
both scenarios, the second column consists of a segment of
keystream generated using either the corresponding key-IV
pair, session key or internal state. In the online-phase of the
attack, the attacker compares the captured keystream to the
second column of the lookup table. If a match is detected, the
attacker assumes that the obtained session key, internal state
or key-IV pair is correct.
The complexity of a TMDT attack can be described using
a series of variables. D is the amount of data the attacker
needs in the online-phase of the attack to recover the master
key. P is the pre-computation time needed to construct the
lookup table. M is the memory needed to construct and store
the table. During the online phase, the attacker attempts to
recover the session or master key by searching through the
lookup table. The time taken to do the search is denoted by
T. The success of the attack depends on T or M or the sum
of T +M being less than 2kor 2s, depending on the particular
TMDT attack being used. Since P is a one-off operation,
it is assumed that the attacker has already pre-computed the
lookup table beforehand and the time taken for this operation is
not considered when measuring the complexity of the TMDT
attack. In this section, we review the major TMDT attacks on
stream ciphers.
1) Babbage and Goli´ c.: Babbage [2] and Goli´ c [3] inde-
pendently applied the TMDT attacks to stream ciphers. Their
session key recovery attack is referred to as the BG attack in
the remainder of this paper.
In the pre-computation phase, an attacker selects either M
different session keys or internal states. For each of these, the
attacker produces some keystream of length s. The attacker
then stores the session key-keystream pair in a lookup table,
sorted according to the keystream.
In the real-time phase of the attack, the attacker takes a
segment of keystream of length D + log s − 1 they have
captured and uses a sliding-window to produce all D possible
keystream sub-strings of length s. The attacker then searches
the lookup table to see if any of these substrings match. If there
is a match, the session key corresponding to the keystream
sub-string is considered to be the session key which generated
the captured keystream. If the TMDT satisfies the following
T · M = 2swith P = M
the attack complexity is less than that of exhaustive keysearch.
To provide resistance to this attack, both Babbage and Goli´ c
recommend that the size of the internal state of the stream
cipher should be at least twice the key size.
2) Biryukov and Shamir.: Biryukov and Shamir [4] com-
bine the concepts of Hellman's TMDT attack on block ci-
phers [1] and the BG attack to provide a more efficient TMDT
attack on stream ciphers. Their session key recovery attack is
referred to as the BS attack for the remainder of this paper.
The pre-computation phase of the BS attack is similar to
Hellman's pre-computation phase. The attacker defines a func-
tion f, which generates the keystream in the stream cipher. The
attacker also chooses random permutations to take place of the
function h. h is a function which maps the s-bit state to another
s-bit state. The attacker defines g = h ◦ f and creates lookup
tables using Hellman's lookup table construction method. In
the online phase, the attacker uses any instance c in the D
keystreams obtained and iteratively applies g to h(c) until the
s-bit value h(c) matches a entry in the second column of the
lookup table. Once a match is found, the session key which
generated the keystream is recovered using the method used
in Hellman's online phase attack. The tradeoff curve of the
Page 4
BS attack is given by:
T · M2· D2= 22swith P =22s
The BS attack reiterates the importance that the size of the
internal state of a keystream generator needed to be at least
twice the master key size so that TMD tradeoffs are worse
than exhaustive keysearch.
3) Hong and Sarkar.: Hong and Sarkar's TMDT attack [5],
[6] aims to recover the master key, as opposed to recovering
the internal state or session key in the earlier attacks. Their
master key recovery attack will be referred to as the HS attack
for the remainder of this paper.
In the pre-computation phase of the HS attack, the attacker
first chooses random key-IV pairs, storing the master key and
the IV in the first column of the lookup table. For each key-
IV pair, the attacker generates a keystream of length k + v
bits. The tradeoff curve from the HS attack is the same as BS
curve, but instead of it being an internal-state to keystream
mapping, the HS attack uses a key-IV to keystream mapping:
and 1 ≤ D2≤ T
T = M = 22(k+v)with D = 2
Thus, if the attacker has access to D = 2
keystream, the attacker can recover the master key with a time
and memory complexity of T = M = 2
complexity of the attack is less than exhaustive key search.
In order to resist the HS attack, Hong and Sarkar recommend
that the IV size is at least as long as that of the master key.
4) Dunkelman and Keller.: The TMDT attack by Dunkel-
man and Keller [7], referred hereafter as the DK attack is
a master key recovery attack. In the DK attack, an attacker
constructs lookup tables for chosen IVs. This approach is
different from the HS attack, where each lookup table would
consist of arbitrary IVs. Constructing lookup tables for each
IV allows the attacker to take advantage of the fact the IV is
a publicly known value.
By constructing tables for specific IVs, the following trade-
off curve is obtained.
4(k+v)bits of
2(k+v). If v < k, the
T · M2· D2= 22(k+v)
Note that this is the same tradeoff curve as the HS and BS
attack. However, because of the IV table-based approach, this
approach does not use multiple keystreams and hence, imposes
no restrictions on the parameters. Therefore, even for T =
M = D, the complexity of the attack is less than exhaustive
key search as long as 22v< 23k. That is, a stream cipher
would be resistant to the DK attack if the v ≥ 1.5k.
Recent analysis of several stream ciphers, namely A5/1 [8],
Mixer [9] and ZUC [10], revealed that the initialisation pro-
cesses are not one-to-one. For A5/1 and Mixer, the choice of
state-update functions means that the number of distinct initial
states decreases as the number of iterations of the state-update
function increases [3], [11], [13]. There are three possible
scenarios for state convergence in keystream generators. They
Scenario 1. The same master key used with different
IVs generates the same initial state.
Scenario 2. The same IV used with different master
keys generates the same initial state.
Scenario 3. Distinct key-IV pairs generate the same
initial state.
We now analyse the effect state convergence has on the success
of session key recovery and master key recovery TMDT
attacks. A summary of our findings can be found in Table I.
Table entries are either a ? or ?, where a ? means an attacker
can be confident that the session key or master key they
recovered is correct, while a ? means there is the possibility
that the attacker has not recovered the correct master key.
A. Effect on TMDT attacks on stream ciphers.
1) Session key recovery.: The lookup tables for session key
TMDT attacks are constructed so that an attacker can recover
the session key for a particular keystream. If the captured
keystream can be found in the lookup table, the attacker
can use the corresponding session key to generate sufficient
keystream to decrypt the entire encrypted frame.
An alternative to session key recovery is the internal state
recovery TMDT attack. An internal state TMDT attack re-
covers the internal state of a keystream generator at a known
point in time during keystream generation. The process used
in internal state recovery TMDT attacks is similar to session
key recovery. Note that although the process is the same,
there is the possibility that internal state recovery attacks can
only recover a portion of the frame, compared to session
key recovery's ability to decrypt the entire frame. We only
consider session key recovery in this section, although in some
cases it might actually be the internal state that the attacker is
State convergence has a positive impact on the success of
attacks aimed at session key recovery. If an attacker recovers
the session key, they will be able to correctly decrypt the entire
frame. It does not matter which key-IV pair generated the
session key, since the definition of state convergence, multiple
key-IV pairs can generate the same session key. Hence, the
three different scenarios described have the same outcome
with respect to the success or failure of TMDT attacks which
recover session keys. However, since the attacker does not
know the master key that was used, they will not be able to
decrypt other frames in the communication and will need to
perform the online phase of the TMDT attack again in order to
decrypt these. If the number of distinct session keys I is such
that I < 2k+v, the tradeoff equation in Equation 2 will result
in reduced time, memory and data requirements if the attacker
is aware of this and constructs the lookup table accordingly.
We now present an example of how this reduced session key
size may have a positive effect on session key recovery on an
actual cipher which has the state convergence problem. Mixer
is an example of stream cipher which uses different state-
update functions for initialisation and keystream generation.
Page 5
Key recoveryScenario 1 Scenario 2Scenario 3
Session key recovery
Master key recovery
Original tradeoffs
192 bits
New tradeoffs
191 bits109 bits
Mixer uses a 128-bit master key and a 64-bit IV to initialise
a 217-bit internal state. Teo et al. [13] estimate that the total
number of distinct session keys after all possible key-IV pairs
undergoes the initialisation phase to be bounded by 2191and
Applying Equation 2 without taking into account state
convergence gives the following tradeoff: T = M = 296, and
D = 248. This constitutes an attack on Mixer. The bounds
when the total number of distinct session keys is 2191–2109
can be seen in Table II. In both cases, the time, memory,
and data complexities may see significant reductions in time,
memory, and data complexities.
2) Master Key Recovery and Scenario 1.: When a single
master key and different IVs generate the same keystream, the
HS attack can recover the correct master key if that key-IV pair
was one of those selected for the construction of the lookup
table. This is the case regardless of whether the state-update
function used during initialisation and keystream generation is
the same function or a different one. After the online phase
of the TMDT attack, an attacker can check that the recovered
IV is the same as that captured along with the keystream. If
it is the same IV, the attacker can be confident that they have
recovered the correct master key and can use that master key
with other IVs to decrypt other frames in the communication.
If the IV does not match the one recorded in the table, the
attacker knows that they have recovered the wrong master key
and would need to perform the online phase of the attack
A similar process happens in the DK attack. In the online
phase, the attacker uses the appropriate IV-based lookup table
and checks if there is a match on the captured keystream.
If there is a match, the corresponding master key is the
correct master key which generated the captured keystream.
The attacker can then use that same master key with other
IVs to decrypt other encrypted frames in the communication.
We now present an example of how this reduced master
key size may have a positive effect on master key TMDT
attacks on an actual cipher which has the state convergence
problem. The ZUC stream cipher uses a 128-bit master key
and a 128-bit IV. The keystream generator has a total state
space of s = 560 bits. Since k = v = 128 bits and k+v <s
ZUC is resistant to most forms of TMDT attack except the
DK attack, if state convergence is not taken into account. The
tradeoffs for the HS and DK attack without taking into account
the state convergence issue are T = M = 2128and D = 264
; and T = M = D = 2102.4respectively. Wu et al. [14] note
that ZUC had Scenario 1 state convergence. Consequently, the
effective master key size is potentially reduced to 66 or 100
bits, depending on which differential attack was used. As Wu
et al. made no mention of the effective IV size as a result of
the state convergence, we assume that the effective IV size is
still 128 bits. The new tradeoffs can be seen in Table III.
As can be seen from the new tradeoff equations, consid-
ering the state convergence, the ZUC stream cipher is now
vulnerable to the HS attack. Furthermore, both the HS and
DK attack now have significant reductions in time, memory
and data requirements.
3) Master Key Recovery and Scenario 2.: Where the same
keystream is generated by different master keys for any given
IVs, the attacker does not have the confidence that master key
they recovered is the correct one.
Let us assume that three master keys, K1, K2 and K3,
with the same IV, V 1, produce the same keystream and two
master keys, K2 and K3 were used for the construction of
the lookup table. The original frame was encrypted with the
K1-V 1 key-IV pair. During the online phase of the attack, the
attacker recovers the two keys K2 and K3, that with IV V 1
will produce the same keystream. If an attacker, incorrectly
assuming that K2 was the actual master key, tries to use K2
to decrypt other frames, it should not be successful, since K2
with a different IV V 2 will most likely not generate the same
keystream as would have been generated by the K1-V 2 pair.
Since K1 was not selected during the construction of the
lookup table, the master key recovery TMDT attack in this
scenario is equivalent to session key recovery. For the attack
to succeed, the attacker has to hope that the correct master key
was selected during the construction of the lookup table. If the
correct master key was not used, the attacker will not be able
to decrypt other encrypted frames in a single conversation.
Page 6
128 bits
New HS DK
128 bits
New DK
100 bits100 bits 66 bits66 bits
If γ is the number of master keys an attacker obtains at
the end of the online phase of the attack and ?, with ? < V ,
being the effective IV size of the stream cipher, the HS and
DK tradeoff curve would be
(T + γ) · M2· D2= 22(k+?)
The memory and data requirements however, remain the same
as would have been obtained in Equation 2. However, since
γ possible master keys can now appear in the lookup table,
an attacker needs to try, on average,
before they can be certain if the master key they are currently
trying is correct.
If a keystream generator uses the same state-update function
for initialisation and keystream generation, it can be viewed
as a keystream generator which performs an extended version
of the initialisation process to generate keystream. Hence, if
the segment of keystream used during the construction of
the lookup table matched a segment of keystream which was
capture not from the beginning of keystream generation, the
number of possible master keys which could have generated
the keystream with the particular IV can increase. Therefore, a
successful TMDT master key recovery attack with keystream
generator which use the same state-update function for both
initialisation and keystream generation can be less likely than
an attack on a keystream generator which uses a different state-
update function for initialisation and keystream generation.
4) Master Key Recovery and Scenario 3.: Where the
keystream is generated by different key-IV pairs, during the
online phase an attacker will know if they have recovered the
correct master key based on the publicly known IV. If τ and
?, with τ < 2kand ? < 2v, are the effective master key and
IV size respectively, the tradeoff curve would be
2keys with other IVs
T · M2· D2= 22(τ+?)
Similar to Scenario 1, since the attacker knows the IV used to
generate the captured keystream and assuming the master key
used to generate the captured keystream was used during the
construction of the lookup table, the attacker can be confident
that the master key they recover during the online phase of the
TMDT attack is the correct one. Furthermore, since τ < 2k
and ? < 2v, the HS and DK attacks will be less than exhaustive
master key search.
Biryukov et al.'s [12] TMDT attack on A5/1 describes an
attack which is able to recover the master key in a few minutes
at most. The most expensive cost of this attack is the pre-
computation complexity, which they calculated to be
where M = 236, T = 224, and 248is the total number of initial
states which will produce a certain 16-bit output prefix (264×
2−16). The estimates provided by Teo et al.'s [13] indicates
the possibility that the number of distinct initial states at the
end of A5/1's diffusion phase to be 19.2/100 × 264≈ 261.62
due to state convergence. Using this new estimate, the pre-
computation complexity of Biryukov et al's attack is reduced
to 261.62× 2−16= 245.62. This in turn, potentially reduces
the time and memory requirements to be M = 235and T =
This paper has analysed how state convergence could affect
the effectiveness of TMDT attacks. In the case of session key
TMDT attacks, an attacker potentially needs to guess a smaller
set of session keys than what was originally intended by the
designers of the stream cipher, since not all distinct key-IV
pairs generate a distinct initial state. This could result in less
time, data and memory requirements needed for the session
key TMDT attacks to succeed than previously estimated by the
designers of the stream cipher. The disadvantage of session key
recovery TMDT attacks is if the attacker wanted to decrypt
other encrypted frames in the communication, they would need
to re-run the TMDT attack for each frame. If the attacker
were to repeatedly use session key recovery TMDT attacks to
decrypt multiple frames, it can be less efficient than master
key recovery TMDT attacks.
For master key recovery TMDT attacks, the success of
the attacks depend on the type of scenario, as outlined in
Section III. Unless the convergence is such that different
master keys with the same IV produce the same session key, an
attacker who recovers a master key can check if the associated
IV value matches that which was observed along with the
keystream. If the IV value is the same, the attacker can be
confident that they have recovered the correct key. However,
if state convergence was such that it was possible that multiple
distinct master keys with the same IV generate the same
keystream, there is a possibility that the master key recovered
by the attacker during the online phase of the TMDT attack
is not the correct master key. In this case, it is likely that
Page 7
the attacker can only decrypt a single frame and master key
TMDT attacks maybe less effective than claimed. The attacker
can only be confident that they have actually recovered the
correct master key if they can use it to decrypt the contents
of all the frames in the communication.
In this paper, we included examples of ciphers which
experience state convergence. The implementation of TMDT
attacks on these ciphers to verify the expected reductions in
time, memory and data requirements remains future work.
Additionally, we plan to investigate other stream ciphers with
potential state convergence problems.
The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers
for their helpful comments.
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[14] H. Wu, P.-H. Nguyen, H. Wang, and S. Ling, "Cryptanalysis of Stream
Cipher ZUC in the 3GPP Confidentiality & Integrity Algorithms 128-
EEA3 & 128-EIA3," Presented at the Rump Session of Asiacrypt 2010,
Springer, 1997, pp. 239–255.
Springer, 2005, pp. 353–372.


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Have you visited Dr. Elisabeth Roter? Rate you experience below.
Dr. Elisabeth Roter specializes in rheumatology, internal medicine in Mentor, Ohio.
Dr. Elisabeth Roter has been compared 402 times. Details of Dr. Roter's 20 years experience as an MD, her hospital affiliation and education at Case Western Reserve University are available on your free doctor report.
Dr. Elisabeth Roter has an average rating of 3 stars (out of 5) with a rating of Good based on 7 reviews.
Have you visited Dr. Elisabeth Roter? Rate you experience below.
Dr. Elisabeth Roter has been identified as specializing in Rheumatology and Internal Medicine.
Insurance plans and networks accepted by a doctor are not necessarily universal across all locations at which the doctor practices. This can be affected by many factors such as different group practices, hospital affiliations and working arrangements at those locations. Checking that the doctor you are visiting and the facility they are at are in-network providers for your insurance plan can save you money and headaches later from surprise medical bills.
Dr. Elisabeth Roter accepts the following plans at 9000 Mentor Ave, Mentor, OH
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Dr. Roter is affiliated with 1 hospital:
Dr. Roter attended medical school at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and graduated in 1995 having 20 years experience.
While there is no proven correlation between the quality of one's educational institution and the quality of one's professional competence, it is often an indicator. Medical schools have various levels of selectivity (some are harder to get into than others), and both the quality of their clinical training and level of research are measured. Additional medical training in both residency and fellowships and the facilities they are conducted at also provide a history of the doctors' level of training and experience.
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Guys i have the same problem, looks like excatly 1Gb of ram has burned or sth...I gauss its mainboard problem...a friend of mine had the same problem he tried everything but MB swap solved it finally. Im planning to order one for sm n9005m
plz help ...is this hardware problem ...........
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text: We take one life size anatomically correct human ribcage and smother it with our own specially made bloody skin. The perfect carcass for your cannibal cookout. Estimated manufacturing time is 3 business days. Please contact us about large or rush orders. Rush orders are subject to a 15% rush fee.


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Hybridizing Impatiens/Hibiscus
Hello Everyone, I'm new to site, but am interested to see if anyone has information on breeding and/or hybridizing impatiens. Attached is a shot of a seedling of mine.
I have 25 years experience hybridizing Hibiscus so know the mechanics of producing seedlings, but need to learn what is involved in doing same with impatiens.
I would appreciate any advice given or referral to sources of information on Impatiens. As well, I am more than willing to share my experiences with hybridizing hibiscus, both modern day and involving original species crosses.
On the subject of hibiscus, a recent topic involving mutations and violet light makes me wonder if anyone has any information on doing the same with hibiscus ?
Regards, Brian Kerr.
I don't have much on the subject except some of Lucien Reychler's curious results from traumatic pollination of Impatiens.
Here is a link that might be useful: Reychler: Traumatic Pollination
Hello Karl,
Thanks for this site. It was excellent reading and has added much to my desire to learn more about what could be. I will apply some of the info gained to both my Hibiscus and Impatien hybridizing in the future.
Thanks again.
Regards, Brian Kerr.
I once read an article on some difficulties with Hibiscus breeding, but don't have the source. As I recall, some species of the Hibiscus rosa-sinensis group are native to islands of very different chemical constitution. A volcanic island, for example, is very different from a coral atoll. The micronutrient (trace mineral) requirements vary among the species -- each adapting to whatever is available on its native island.
The upshot is that hybrid progeny can segregate for micronutrient requirements, which means that some will be fertile while others are sterile if the essential nutrient is not available.
William Herbert, in the mid-19th century, observed that fertility/sterility of hybrids seemed to have more to do with the similarity/difference of native habitat than with the apparent affinity of the species. That is, two aquatic species are more likely to produce fertile hybrid offspring than an aquatic and a xerophytic species.
By the way, intergeneric hybrids in the Malvaceae are known. I have a report on a hybrid of cotton (Gossypium sp.) and Alcea rosea that resulted in an early maturing strain of cotton.
I once pollinated okra (Hibiscus esculentus) by a garden form of H. rosa-sinensis and got seeds. Unfortunately, I lost the seeds when I moved from Florida to California, and have not repeated the experiment.
HI again Karl, You are a minefield of information. This is also a great topic to follow up on. I'll share this around others hybridizers and see what we come up with. Could result in some new type/form of hibiscus.
Thanks again. Brian Kerr.
I do have a paper on my web site that deals with remarkable cotton hybrids, including:
Gossypium hirsutum x Hibiscus cannabinus
G. hirsutum x Alcea rosea
G. hirsutum x Hibiscus esculentus (okra)
G. hirsutum x Hibiscus coccineus
and others.
Here is a link that might be useful: Cotton Hybrids
My web page has moved, but the articles are still there.
Here is a link that might be useful: Bulb 'n' Rose


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The iPhone 6 Plus is too big for everyone to love it, but it's Apple's best phone this year. If your budget and your pocket can make room for it, give the iPhone 6 Plus serious consideration.
Possessing the right blend of features and design, the G3 finally gives LG the right phone with which to challenge Korean rival Samsung.
The impressive, metal Galaxy S6 is Samsung's hero phone all decked out with worldly looks and sophisticated specs. But stay tuned for our final tests before you make the investment.
Samsung's striking, high-end and convenient Galaxy S6 Edge has the beauty, brains and brawn to take down the iPhone 6 and all the Android competition. We're still testing -- but get ready to burn your cash.
Its screen and camera disappoint, but Samsung's Galaxy Avant is one of T-Mobile's better options at this price.
Impressive Amazon features and an outstanding display make the the Fire HDX 8.9 one of the best and most affordable media consumption tablets.
For an inexpensive tablet, the Fire HD 7 satisfies with a practical, family-friendly operating system, but those interested in a 7-inch tablet can find models with better build quality in the same price range.
If you don't want to spend more than double or triple the cost on the Bose SoundLink On-Ear Bluetooth or Beats' wireless headphones, the Hesh 2 Wireless is a decent budget Bluetooth headphone choice.
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Two kings of the guitar, Eric Johnson and Mike Stern, held their subjects captive across a two-hour set on Thursday at the Gothic Theatre.
Just after the release of his fourth live album, "Europe Live," Texas guitarist Eric Johnson returned to Colorado to play Denver's Bluebird Theater.
The Winery Dogs returned to Denver on Wednesday to play a sold out Soiled Dove.
Complete with fog, fake snow, lasers, a choir and a heavy metal band, Trans-Siberian Orchestra overwhelmed the Pepsi Center crowd with Christmas on Sunday.
The Winery Dogs, made up of power trio Mike Portnoy, Billy Sheehan and Richie Kotzen, plowed through the entirety of its debut album at Denver's Soiled Dove on Monday.
English dark-rock band Anathema performed at Denver's Summit Music Hall on Sept. 24.
Florida metal band Kamelot performed with Delain and Eklipse at the Bluebird Theater on Sept. 14.
Joe Satriani brought instrumental pyrotechnics to the mostly male audience at Denver's Paramount Theatre on Sept. 4.
Keith Urban's Light the Fuse tour brought unique country music and an enormous stage production to Red Rocks Amphitheatre on Aug. 30.
Among a day of scattered rain showers, Steely Dan performed at Red Rocks Amphitheatre on Thursday.


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text: Anyone who has been to Luanda knows that the city lacks housing. The hotels are extremely expensive, and researchers have been known to rent a room in someone's house for $100 a day. Angolan president Jose dos Santos pledged to build a million new homes, between 2008 and 2012. Kilamba City was part of that


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Little Tikes Sort 'N Store Toy Chest
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About this item
Your child's toys can now go back to where they belong after playtime. Say goodbye to messy floors and hello to clean floors with the Little Tikes Sort 'N Store Toy chest. This Little Tikes Primary Colors Toy Chest comes with an extra-large capacity of 6 cubic feet to fit all of your kid's toys without any trouble. The extra-large storage space makes it ideal even for big toys. This kid's toy storage also comes with two removable pull out bins for storing smaller toys. These Little Tikes toy boxes are made of high quality durable plastic. They are also lightweight to make moving them from room to room much easier. The toy chest also comes with a detachable lid for your child's safety and to make it easier for children to remove their toys from the box. Bright red color adds attraction and blends in with your kid's room. This chest is recommended for kids above two years. They also come with a 90 days manufacturer warranty.
Little Tikes Sort 'N Store Toy Chest:
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Location; I felt very safe.
was a convenient location for where i needed to be
for the hotel room it was a little pricey
The staff was extremely attentive and nice. The ambiance is very nice too!
No elevator and the walls aren't as think as I would have liked. You could hear the train across the street and conversations in the next room.
This was a really nice, cozy, unique hotel. It definitely has a character of its own
Location, cleanliness, modern rooms, friendly staff.
Wish the breakfast had been included!
Staff and low cost of peripheral expenses like the shop and breakfast. I chose it because I wanted something quiet and clean. It was very quiet and very clean. I would definitely stay there again.
The hotel was super clean. The staff was competent and pleasant. The coffee was really good and the area was very convenient.
No pay per view.
Very close to everything, including a highway
The noise level from the heater - wish it was more quiet
There was a hot breakfast buffet included with the stay. There was Starbucks coffee available in the room; Starbucks coffee and Tazo teas were available as well as in the lobby. Also, the hotel restaurant and bar was just downstairs from our room.
The room was much smaller than expected. The first bed was right next to the door. Also, we could hear doors or something banging almost all night. Lastly, the ice machine wasn't plugged in, for whatever reason.
Hotel was very clean and well taken care of.
Liked the hotel but the room was pretty small. Otherwise it was fine
Tremendous stay! Food great, service staff very helpful
No everything above expectation
when i asked for a room near the elevator due to health issue I was accommodated immediately. Free WiFi was appreciated. Room was very clean. Soft comfortable pillows.
fat In the cookie.
Nice lobby, restaurant okay. Rooms average size
It was freezing! And we adjusted the room temp. S freezing
This was the nicest hotel I have ever stayed in. I was overwhelmed when I pulled up and stepped into the lobby, my first words to the registration desk were "well I'm out of my league". Everything was perfect. The staff was professional and courteous. The room was extremely clean and very modern. The view from my room was nice, looking down at the the state theatre, or out at the rest of New Brunswick. And I lucked in to a "special price". So it was very affordable. I have not compared it to regular rates yet, but I would think the room was worth significantly more. If I go anywhere in the vicinity I will be staying here again.
These didn't bother me personally, but just to make others aware. The heldrich is in the middle of the city, so you either have to luck into free street parking or utilize the parking garage directly behind the building. Parking cost about $20 per night, or $25 for valet parking. There was not a refrigerator or microwave in my room, maybe it was just the room I chose. But again none of these bothered me.
It's a fabulous hotel with attentive staff and impeccable accommodations
The very well appointed room
It's a bed and breakfast. It's old, it's quaint and it's beautiful. The family is amazing. 4 bedrooms upstairs with full cable, AC and breakfast every morning. Clean and well kept. Definately going back.
Exactly what we thought it would be. A a spacious house built in 1830 and turned into a bed and breakfast.
The lobby was very nice and the bar/restuarant area was great and even had live music. Room was mostly clean.
The bathroom was in rough shape. There was a crack in the flexible hose on the shower head which resulted in water being sprayed all over the wall and floor. Mentioned it to the staff on our way out, but they didn't seem very apologetic or helpful.
The room was very clean. Room service was prompt and food was good. I liked the 'to go' coffee cups in the room.
Food at the Cafe was not very good though service was great. The privacy lock in my room was broken.
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July 30, 2012; Minneapolis, MN, USA: Chicago White Sox shortstop Alexei Ramirez (10) throws the ball to first base during batting practice before a game against the Minnesota Twins at Target Field. Jesse Johnson-US PRESSWIRE
159 remain, click here
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KENZO loves Printemps until October 18th.
photos: Paul Blind
Quick reminder : you have until October 18th to come visit our pop-up store KENZO loves Printemps. Download our app for iOS and Android to live at the space a digital experience. Discover as well our exclusive capsule collection and the yummy surprises from our partner Sugar Daze. Before you leave, make sure to stop by the selfie booth and share your pictures on Instagram #kenzolovesprintemps.
All the information on KENZO loves Printemps is here. Level -1 of Printemps Haussmann, from monday to saturday 9:35 am - 8pm.
As we stepped inside the skate park in a far out northern suburb of Paris, it was all too easy to think that Carol Lim and Humberto Leon would be defaulting to sub-culture and go hard on skate. Instead, the skate park with its undulating concrete waves and steps provided the perfect blank canvas for huge LED screens to be erected.
On the screens, with a background of gradiated neon colours we saw a curious face tilting her head towards us, as she spoke. "Welcome to Kenzo SS15. KENZO would like to remind you there is no planet B. Please protect what is precious." Her name was Knola (all-knowing, all seeing?) and she is a real person despite the avatar appearance. Somewhere backstage, someone mysterious was making all of those facial expressions and movements come to life. She's quintilingual and a global citizen, and as her voice vaulted from English to Chinese to Japanese to French to Arabic, we realised it mirrored the way we live our 21st century lives today, traveling from one place to another in what feels like a much smaller world. It also reflected how Lim and Leon are themselves global citizens, splitting their work between New York and Paris, traveling to other cities in between for KENZO and Opening Ceremony and now both with kids, their thoughts turned to the future - a positive one at that. "We were really into this optimism for the future," said Leon after the show. "It's a future that's very close to us, not a space age future. We wanted to think about what that meant. We're definitely embracing technology and looking what is our vision for the future - cleanliness, purity, the right energy and about being responsible." Carol further pondered: "How do we play our part in this?"
For Lim and Leon's part, they decided to imbue KENZO SS15 collection with a free-your-mind attitude as they looked towards the future. We whizzed through flashes of New York, Tokyo, a Californian wave and sunsets on the screens accompanied by Disclosure's special soundtrack mix, which included the breakout track White Noise. How would Knola dress? She might be KENZO's avatar but she's also an appropriate vision for humanity in the future as we speed towards a world where physical boundaries, ethnic background and language barriers become irrelevant. We might all be like Knolas in the future.
Every silhouette swooshed and moved as the Knolas of our times get kitted out in giant skate trousers and giant zip-up jackets. She's not a skater girl as we know her. Aerated mesh and geometric lace in the brightest of whites were cut into elongated shirts and trumpet skirts, mimicking air streams in the sky. Technical knits and pinstriping drew lines on the body in relaxed athletic-inspired silhouettes. There was a chill-down raver vibe when we saw the looks were accessorised with organic moulded leather kitten heels and pool slides with naturalistic cut-outs, rubber handled net bags and sci-fi cyborg sunglasses. Optimistic abstract prints in pastel pinks and blues, highlighted the euphoric element in the collection. They emerged on oversized shirts and wide and loose trousers with side splits and mesh vests and swinging skirts. The final effect as models took their positions next to the Knola on the screen was an uplifting vision for the future. Machine, hand-made craftsmanship (as seen in the fabrics) and freedom in what we do or wear, standing side by side in solidarity.
On the screens, in between flashes of cityscapes, you could also see the movement of machinery. We've been conditioned in the last century to fear dystopian futures where machines take over our lives. But what if it doesn't have to be this way? Lim and Leon are enthusiastic embracers of technology and they expressed that solidly with this collection and show set-up. It's a refreshing change up from the usual doom and gloom about what dark places social media and technology are taking us. They're looking forward, not by dwelling on the past but reacting to what's going on around them.
KENZO's Creative Directors, Carol Lim and Humberto Leon, have united with evian to convey their graphic intimate vision for a unique one-of-a-kind bottle. The mysterious and strange oeuvre of artist and director David Lynch influenced the KENZO Fall/Winter 2014 collection for men and women and it is in this vein that the bottle's motif features a broken floor pattern, toying with the idea of shifting the elements.
Offering a magnifying glass effect when full, the bottle's purple fragmented pattern is penetrated by a sole lime zig-zag, giving the holder a distorted and skewed view of its ultra-pure contents.
Born in the purity of the Alps, dressed with a twisted spirit, the bottle embodies a naturally playful energy: a theme that united the two brands.
The evian + KENZO bottle will be available in two sizes (75 cl and 33 cl), and this year takes the Limited Edition to a PET range. Available worldwide in selected restaurants and retailers from October 2014.
The video of the KENZO Men's Spring/Summer 2015 show
Last saturday we presented our men's collection for Spring/Summer 2015 along the Seine river by the Pont Alexandre III in Paris. After showing you the best of street looks and the guests, we take you to the front row with the video of the show.
The KENZO men's Spring/Summer 2015 collection
Anders Christian Madsen reviews the KENZO men's Spring/Summer show.
"Paris, je t'aime". Carol Lim and Humberto Leon are in love with the French capital, and for the KENZO spring/summer 2015 men's show they thought they'd share it with their guests from around the world. Celebrities, editors, buyers, and family drove in procession through rainy Paris to Pont Alexandre III – the gilded bridge by the Grand Palais – where they were shown down to the riverbank. A canary yellow platform with matching benches had been erected on the quai below the bridge, the Eiffel Tower looming in the horizon.
Transparent KENZO umbrellas were passed around to guests and eventually created a mushroomed roof over the yellow platform, while black-clad team members wiped the rain off the runway with giant orange mops; a pretty amazing graphic effect.
On soundtrack duty, electronic duo Disclosure – Kenzo's newest collaborators – opened the show with Giulio Franceschelli's throbbing Loijy. It played for a while, seemingly with no runway action, before collective gasps suddenly went around the rows. In one ceremonious line, models were seen walking across Pont Alexandre III, the bright pastels of the collection lighting up in the rain. As they made their way to the stairs and the riverbank, each boy walked a round on the runway platform before disappearing back up the stairs onto the bridge. It was epic to say the least, and the pumping beat of Disclosure's own When a Fire Starts to Burn, which played during the finale, only made the moment more powerful.
"I loved giving the Eiffel Tower to the guests," Humberto said backstage, hosting the show solo due to Carol's pregnancy. "Every time you're here it's so exciting to be able to see it, but sometimes you miss it so I thought, 'You know what? This season I really want everybody to have the opportunity to see the Eiffel Tower.'" Inspired by the designer duo's first visit to Paris and the way Parisians dress, the collection featured symbolic Parisian images such as the replica of the Statue of Liberty – also a nod to Carol and Humberto's homeland – and the words 'KENZO PARIS' emblazoned across the back of jackets. "I wanted something that was really quintessentially beautiful. The macaron pinks, blues greens to me are just gorgeous, gorgeous colours," Humberto said.
With guests like Alex Kapranos and Paul Thomson from Franz Ferdinand, Joe Jonas, Woodkid, and Jesse Metcalfe in the front row, and actor Theo Cholbi walking the final look, the show gave international visitors all the essence of Paris that Humberto had hoped for. Graphic dot patterns and stripes paid tribute to the eccentricity of the Parisian dresser while the neatness of chinos and snug jumpers in dusty pastels portrayed the pristine nature of Parisian men. "The Parisian guys are always in business suits, and then they get on their Vespas in a parka, and I love that idea," Humberto said, referring to the motocross details that appeared throughout the collection.
"It's now my third year here and I approached Paris for this collection with a really fresh eye. I was thinking of what Kenzo Takada might have thought when he first arrived in Paris in 1969," Humberto said of KENZO's founder, who was in attendance at the show. "So this collection was really about me re-living my first trip to Paris, re-experiencing everything that I love about it," he noted. (The show invitation was even comprised of a ring of mini Eiffel Tower trinkets for everyone to keep.) From the dramatically cloudy Parisian sky acting as a natural backdrop for the show to the dome of the Grand Palais towering over the statues on the bridge, Paris couldn't have looked better for its big KENZO tribute. Because this is the thing about Paris: even when it's wet it looks hot.
See the KENZO Spring/Summer 2015 collection here.
Street looks from the Men's SS15 Show
photos: Mathieu Vilasco
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
LVMH Prize Winners
Today in Paris at LVMH headquarters, the jury of the LVMH prize, of which our own creative director Humberto Leon was a member, elected Thomas Tait as the winner of the inaugural LVMH young fashion designer's prize. Tait, a Canadian working in London, wins a grant of €300,000 towards developing his own label and a year of business mentoring from a dedicated LVMH team.
In view of the high level of talent in the final of the competition, the jury decided to also give two runner-up prizes of €100,000 each to Miuniku and Hood by Air. They will also receive one year of mentoring.
The LVMH Prize
The LVMH group, to which KENZO belongs, has long been motivated by a "passion for creativity". This year, the Group launches and inaugurates the LVMH prize to support and celebrate young fashion designers, of which our own creative directors Carol Lim and Humberto Leon are part of the jury.
Photo: (Left to right) Delphine Arnault (Louis Vuitton), Bernard Arnault (LVMH Chairman), Humberto Leon and Carol Lim.
The LVMH Prize competition is open to young fashion designers from any country in the world under 40, who have produced at least two collections. In November 2013, applications opened for the inaugural LVMH prize. The LVMH prize committee then selected a longlist of thirty designers, who presented their collections at LVMH headquarters at Avenue Montaigne to a panel of 42 international industry experts over the 26th and 27th February 2014. These industry experts then compiled a shortlist of 12 finalists, who will meet the jury of LVMH creative directors for the judging day on 28th May in Paris.
The jury consists of
- Carol Lim and Humberto Leon
- Nicolas Ghèsquière (Louis Vuitton)
- Marc Jacobs
- Phoebe Philo (Céline)
- Raf Simons (Dior)
- Riccardo Tisci (Givenchy)
- Delphine Arnault (Executive VP of Louis Vuitton)
- Jean-Paul Claverie (Adviser to LVMH Chairman Bernard Arnault)
- Pierre-Yves Roussel (President of the LVMH Fashion division)
To aid in their creative development, the winner of the LVMH prize will win:
- A grant of 300,000 euros
- Personalized technical and financial support from the Group for a 12-month period following the LVMH Prize award. This support covers all the areas of expertise that are critical to a young fashion brand (intellectual property, sourcing, production and distribution, image and advertising, marketing, etc.).
The twelve finalists in the running for the inaugural LVMH prize are:
- Atto (Julien Dossena, French, working in Paris)
- CG (Chris Gelinas, Canadian, working in New York)
- Gabriele Colangelo, Italian, working in Milan)
- Hood by Air (Shayne Olivier, American, working in New York)
- Jaquemus (Simon Porte Jaquemus, French, working in Paris)
- Miuniku (Tina and Nikita Sutradhar, Indian, working in Mumbai)
- Simone Rocha (Simone Rocha, Irish, working in London)
- Suno (Erin Beatty and Max Osterweis, American, working in New York)
- Thomas Tait (Thomas Tait, Canadian, working in London)
- Tillmann Lauterbach (Tillman Lauterbach, German, working in Paris)
- Tim Coppens (Tim Coppens, Belgian, working in New York)
- Vika Gavinskaya (Vika Gavinskaya, Russian, working in Moscow)
To learn more about each designer and to watch their presentation video, click here.
Stay tuned to KENZINE to find out who will emerge the winner on the 28th May, 2014!
Our favourite looks from La Cité de la mode
photos: Mathieu Vilasco
Our best KENZO ambassadors this morning in front of La Cité de la Mode in Paris... A joyful mix of Eyes and tigers from last season and fish and waves from this one!
This morning, KENZO friends and family came out in force at La Cité de la Mode in Paris to show some love and support to Carol and Humberto.
A beautiful front row where Jessica Alba, Rila Fukushima, Jeanne Damas, Mademoiselle Yulia, Delfina Delettrez, Suzie Bubble, Chiara Ferragni, Atlanta de Cadenet or Tao Okomonto were wearing their favourite KENZO silhouettes of the season.
Even Kenzo Takada graced us with his presence!


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Comment: Re:Xerox won't win (Score 1) 202
No, that's for trademarks. Not for patents.
We've improved Slashdot's video section; now you can view our video interviews, product close-ups and site visits with all the usual Slashdot options to comment, share, etc. No more walled garden! It's a work in progress -- we hope you'll check it out (Learn more about the recent updates).
No, that's for trademarks. Not for patents.
"but this is the way I see it" means nothing. What matters is how the courts see it, not you.
As for the last paragraph - that's patently wrong too. Its not the computer code or math that you are copyrighting, it is the entire product of that. Just like nobody can copyright words, but you can copyright a book. It is the collection of words put together that make specific thoughts, ideas, in a particular way.
And you cannot copy a book or be liable. So you cannot copy a piece of software. That software contains mathematical algorithms put into specific ways, designed with artwork, and more that make it copyrightable.
Committees have become so important nowadays that subcommittees have to be appointed to do the work.


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SEI Investments Accounting Analyst Interview Questions
Interview Experience
Interview Experience
Getting an Interview
Getting an Interview
Interview Difficulty
Interviews for Top Jobs at SEI Investments
- Accounting Analyst (9)
- Fund Accountant (3)
- Operations Analyst (3)
- Analyst (3)
- Internal Account Executive Advisor Network (3)
- Mutual Fund Analyst (3)
- Business Analyst (3)
- College Recruiting (2)
- Operations Analyst - IMS (2)
- Junior Developer Intern (1)
- Analyst/Senior Analyst International & Emerging Markets Fund (1)
- Mathematical/Actuarial Analyst (1)
- Mathmatical/Actuary Analyst (1)
- College Recruitment (1)
- SPTC Supervisor (1)
- Development Project Manager (1)
- Regional Consultant (1)
- Associate Program (1)
- Fund Accounting Supervisor/Specialist (1)
- Pre Associate Intern (1)
- Analyst, Alternative Operations (1)
- Pre-Associate Program (1)
- Free Analytics Analyst (1)
- Graduate Rotational Program (1)
- Intern (1)
- Cash Analyst (1)
- Marketing Manager (1)
- Treasury Analyst (1)
- Actuarial Analyst (1)
- Team Lead (1)
9 Candidate Interview Reviews Back to all InterviewsSort: Popular Date Difficulty
Accounting Analyst Interview
The interview was like a normal interview with the basic interview questions. I met with three different supervisors. Two of the three supervisors that interviewed me left the company in the short time I was working there.
- There were no really tough interview questions. Some of the supervisors didn't even know what to ask, because the one before asked the same questions. Pretty poor interview process. Answer Question
Other Interview Reviews for SEI Investments
Accounting Analyst InterviewApplication Details
I applied through a staffing agency. The process took a day – interviewed at SEI Investments.Interview Details
Supervisor of 2-3 from a team comes to interview you. They will ask you about your past experience and ask typical questions that you can find online. They will also ask to see how much you know about finance.Interview Questions
Negotiation DetailsThere is no negotiation.Accepted OfferNeutral ExperienceEasy Interview
- There were none since they are desperate to hire someone. Turnover is extremely high Answer Question
Accounting Analyst InterviewInterview Details
3 rounds with the phone first, then two in person interviews in the same day. Usual behavioral questions.Accepted OfferPositive ExperienceEasy Interview
Accounting Analyst InterviewApplication Details
I applied through a staffing agency – interviewed at SEI Investments in September 2013.Interview Details
the interview was set up by a temp agency, i went to the interview and the first person was super nice. she was making conversations with me as we were walking to the interview room. after i met with her, a team of 3 guys came to the room, those guys are current workers at the department and they were really cool. they were talking to me like they knew me before and were willing to answer all my questions with great joy. questions are easy, you just have to be ready to answer simple questions about yourself, your education and work experience.Interview Questions
Negotiation Detailsthe temp agency already told me how much they were going to pay to start, so i guess that the real negotiation will come after the contract with the temp agency is overAccepted OfferPositive ExperienceAverage Interview
- questions were simple, Answer Question
Accounting Analyst InterviewApplication Details
I applied through a recruiter. The process took 3 days – interviewed at SEI Investments.Interview Details
Very standard interview process. As a recent grad they asked me about my favorite classes and least favorite classes, strengths and weaknesses and then examples of each, leadership examples and so on.Declined OfferPositive ExperienceEasy Interview
2 people found this helpful
Accounting Analyst InterviewApplication Details
I applied through a staffing agency. The process took 3 days – interviewed at SEI Investments.Interview Details
Went through a staffing agency. Went on tour first and interviewed shortly with HR rep. Met with 1-3 people in 4 separate interviews for 30 mins. Easy behavioral and experience questions. Was difficult interviewing with so many different people. Almost forgot if i was repeating myself by the end. Laid back interviewers. Interviewed on a Friday and heard back by Tuesday. Really looking for motivated, team player, responsible person for this position.Interview Questions
Negotiation DetailsnoneAccepted OfferPositive ExperienceEasy Interview
- What could you bring to a team environment? Answer Question
Accounting Analyst InterviewApplication Details
I applied online. The process took 1+ week – interviewed at SEI Investments in August 2012.Interview Details
Applied Online and received a call from HR the following week. Had a 20 minute phone interview and set up another interview for the following day. Arrived at the facility at met the the HR rep I had been communicating with. Took a brief tour and answered some more basic questions. Met with two hiring managers at the same time and had an interview that lasted about 45 minutes. Received an offer the following day.Interview Questions
Negotiation DetailsSalary was not negotiableAccepted OfferPositive ExperienceEasy Interview
- Everything was fairly straight forward. If you are comfortable with basic interview styles and questions nothing will really surprise you. Answer Question
Accounting Analyst InterviewApplication Details
I applied online. The process took 2+ months – interviewed at SEI Investments in March 2012.Interview Details
Interviewed with multiple people for roughly 30 minutes each. Many asked the same questions that you expect in an interview. Nothing out of the ordinary. No tests required to take throughout the interview process. Took a while to hear back from them but helps if you keep on top of them.Interview Questions
Negotiation DetailsNo negotiation.Accepted OfferNeutral ExperienceAverage Interview
- Nothing out of the ordinary compared to previous interviews. Helps to know about what a mutual fund is. Answer Question
1 person found this helpful
Accounting Analyst InterviewApplication Details
The process took 2+ months – interviewed at SEI Investments in January 2012.Interview Details
Called in for an interview about 2 to three weeks after i had talked with someone, and met with 5 different people. They were all pretty nice and asked pretty much the same questions. Then they told me I would find out in a week. Finding out in a week ended up being about two.Interview Questions
Accepted OfferNeutral ExperienceEasy Interview
- a time that you had made a mistake at work and what you did to correct it Answer Question
Is this helpful? The community relies on everyone sharing – Add Anonymous Interview Review


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October 15–27, 2014
As an audiologist, you're usually
the first person a parent talks to after a child fails the newborn
hearing screening, which puts you in a unique position.
And although getting a family
history is important, new genetic testing
technologies are improving and becoming more
accessible making them a key aspect of the diagnostic process.
In this online conference, led by
Kathleen Arnos, PhD, director of the genetics
program at Gallaudet University, you'll get the latest info
on these technologies while learning about
advances in the field of genetics and how
they impact your clients.
Get the skills to:
Register Now!
Paid Registrants: Select "My Account" (in the upper right corner of your screen), log in, and under "ASHA Courses and Orders" select "Audiology 2014: Genetics and Hearing Loss." Problems accessing the online conference? View our Technical Tips.
Why Should I Attend?
"Genetics can be complicated. In this conference, you'll get practical information that connects the dots and helps you work more effectively with your clients and their families."
What Will I Learn?
Why Will I Love It?
ASHA Would like to thank premier sponsor:
ASHA would like to thank the following sponsors for their generous support:
Videos are displayed on behalf of ASHA's online sponsors. ASHA does not endorse or recommend programs, products, or services from external sources.
The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) is the national professional, scientific, and credentialing association for 182,000 members and affiliates who are audiologists; speech-language pathologists; speech, language, and hearing scientists; audiology and speech-language pathology support personnel; and students.
The ASHA Action Center welcomes questions and requests for information from members and non-members.
Available 8:30 a.m.–5:00 p.m. ET Monday–Friday
Site Help | A–Z Topic Index | Privacy Notice | Terms of Use
© 1997-2015 American Speech-Language-Hearing Association


text:
IRB Council defer vote on next chairman
ESPNscrum Staff
October 19, 2011
Current IRB chairman Bernard Lapasset is hoping to secure a second term © Getty Images
The International Rugby Board Council have decided to defer the election of their next chairman until December.
The result of the vote was expected today with with reports suggesting support was split between the two candidates - current chairman Bernard Lapasset and vice chairman Bill Beaumont. But the Council passed a resolution at its meeting in Auckland to defer the vote until after the completion of Rugby World Cup 2011.
An election must be held before January 1, 2012 when the current mandate of Lapasset expires. In a statement, the IRB said: "The decision was taken after a resolution was passed to defer the vote until after the completion of Rugby World Cup 2011.
"Both candidates (Lapasset and Beaumont) and Council were in agreement that in future the election of chairman should not take place during Rugby World Cup, but should take place at the IRB annual meeting of Council in the year following rugby's showcase tournament."
© ESPN Sports Media Ltd.
|Live Scores
Jones key to Wales World Cup plans
Huw Richards assesses where Wales are after a mixed Six Nations, with front row seats still very much available for the World Cup
Attacking revolution will be fleeting
John Mitchell lapped up the action on 'Sensational Saturday' - but warns not to expect a repeat come Rugby World Cup time later this year
Ireland, England are dangers if ...
Craig Dowd warns England, Ireland and Wales they should play to their strengths rather than those of the All Blacks and the Wallabies
Six Nations prospects for the World Cup
Tom Hamilton runs the rule over just where the six countries stand ahead of the global gathering in September


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Relationships From God's View : Starting From The Begining
in Religion
On tonight we are going to begin a month long series on Relationships Love and Marriage where throught the weekdays of the show we will have different ministers come and share with us on these topics. Ther will be times you may cry, laugh and feel at times challenged to do better and bring correction to your lives.
But remember we are begining this journey together and we will finish together and blessed as we seek God invite your friends family and enemies to the show tonight we are all in need of God and his word.
in the begining was
in Music
the begining of our new show together as music lovers
Total Dudes Episode 9
in Sports
Rex and Sign Guy are back to start from the begining of Total Divas. While on hiatus between seasons your brave hosts will be jumping into the madness of the first season of Total Divas. Find out how the nightmare started as we go along our journey.
B*tching, Story Building, & Ending the Story
White Girls, Tom Petty, and OMFG Fandom WTAF?
Sometimes life and people can just be the most frustrating experience ever.
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Craft discussion 38 minutes in:
Story Building: The Begining, the Middle, and the End.
Wayne has escaped the NSA!
in Film
Been some time since my last show. Life has been interesting to say very interesting
tell you all about it. Each day is a new begining Lets see what happens
Never give up!
The "Conspiracy" of the Anti-Christ & Who He Is ? PART - 4 , WITH JOSEPH BERNARD
in Christianity
Hi , Welcome again to , { The Full Fledge Show } The call in line is ---> (347) 826 - 9733 ... We are Taking caller's on endtime dreams ' if you've had one - we Wanna Hear you , who do you think is the antichrist ? -Callers... , And opinions on our time line in life right now - Callers... Welcome again to , { The Full Fledge Show. } The call in line is (347) 826-9733. Tonight on The Full Fledge Show, the topics include the conspiracy on the anti-christ, who is the anti-christ, where does he come from, how do we know him and what are the signs? Stay tuned to The Full Fledge Show with , Joseph Bernard. Recommended For You every Thursday 9:30 Eastern Standard Time .
Hip hop is a broad conglomerate of artistic forms that originated within a marginalized subculture in the South Bronx
Sacred Sunday~Romans 10/Christ The Fufillment of Everything! So get a grip.
in Spirituality
Good morning church! Today we are reading Romans Chapter #10. Yes, we started at the begining of the Gospels and made it this far. Don't give up now, let's keep going!!!
Hey, don't get Paul wrong. He really wants all the non-Christ loving Jews to be saved. He knows that they really love God, they're just a tiny bit mixed up about a couple important things. For example, Jews mainly focus on the saving power of Jewish law. They think living by the rules of the Torah is going to get them in good with God. Wrong, Paul says. All that is over with. Christ is the law's end all be all. He's the fulfillment of everything it says, in fact. Game. Set. Match. Now, all you have to do is say you believe in Jesus and then actually believe those words in your heart and you're golden. It's that simple. See? There isn't really any difference between Jews and Gentiles. God will save them both… if they only call on him. Okay, but the big problem is that you can't call on someone you don't believe in. We're guessing it's because you keep dialing the wrong number. And why don't the Jews believe? Paul's glad you asked. And now, because the Jewish people have turned their back on the good news, God is giving salvation away to the Gentiles. Meanwhile, the non-believing Jews are being totally disobedient and rude. Come on, guys. Get with the program already. Thanks to www.shmoop.com
Coming Apocalypse
Russian President Vladimir Putin is being "Blamed" for the assassination of Boris Nemtsov according to his daughter Zhanna Nemtsova on a live TV interview in Italy on BBC News. Also Ferguson Police Chief resigns and still citizens protest outside the Police Station and 2 Police Officers are shot, one in the face in serious conditions. Also Iraqi forces are begining to take back some of the strongholds in Iraq held by ISIS. Also Iran warns the United States that they can defeat America at any senerio. Also 21 different aid groups have "Slammed" the United Nations Security Council for not following 3 resolutions to help the people of Syria with aid. Also much more current news events and bible prophecy along with the powerful Word of God. Your Host Pastor Paul Begley of Indiana.
in Sports
The Pistons havE lost 3 straight, WTH!!!! Is this the begining of the end for them? We discuss the State of the Pistons and other NBA news. We will also look at the postseason prospect of the MSU Spartans. Lions dont use the Tag on Suh. We discuss the pros and cons of this move and look at the likelihood of him returning to the Lions. We look at possible replacements for Suh and possibly what other teams will be competing for his services. Other NFL notes including looming FA, recent cuts, and the upcoming draft. We will do an offseason forecast for the NFC East/AFC east.
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For most of the summer of 2014, the main stream media was covering the events in Ferguson. It stopped for a while because of the war in Russia and the announcement by our government that Bush had lied about the war and Obama just gave him immunity. They came back to Furguson for a while then the focus changed to ISIS. Since the begining of the new year, the main stream media has just forgotten about Furguson.
Ferguson erupted into angry, sometimes violent protests after a white police officer, Darren Wilson, shot and killed an unarmed black teenager, Michael Brown, in August. The Justice Department investigated that shooting, and officials have said they will clear the officer of civil rights charges. That finding is also expected soon. But the report into the broader practices of the local police department will give the context for the shooting, describing the mounting sense of frustration and anger in a predominantly black city where the police department and local government are mostly white.
Shortly after this murder, Ezell Ford was an unarmed black man shot and killed by police in August in Los Angeles, California. Now, newly released details of Ford's death could raise a host of new questions. Among the findings: The 25-year-old was shot three times, including once in the back. And that wound was surrounded by a muzzle imprint, Ford's autopsy report shows. But "there is nothing in the coroner's report that is inconsistent with the statements given to us by the officers," Los Angeles Police Chief Charlie Beck said. Ford was shot by Los Angeles police on August 11 -- two days after Brown was killed.
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Past research in message logging has focused on studying the relative overhead imposed by pessimistic, optimistic and causal protocols during failure-free executions. In this paper, we give the first experimental evaluation of the performance of these protocols during recovery. Our results suggest that applications face a complex tradeoff when choosing a message logging protocol for fault tolerance. On the one hand, optimistic protocols can provide fast failure-free execution and good performance during recovery, but are complex to implement and can create orphan processes. On the other hand, orphan-free protocols either risk being slow during recovery (e.g. sender-based pessimistic and causal protocols) or incur a substantial overhead during failure-free execution (e.g. receiver-based pessimistic protocols). To address this tradeoff, we propose hybrid logging protocols, which are a new class of orphan-free protocols. We show that hybrid protocols perform within 2% of causal logging during failure-free execution and within 2% of receiver-based logging during recovery


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Berlin 2013 Press Conference: Nicholas Cage, Emma Stone
DreamWorks' prehistoric family 3D romp, The Croods, is getting its world premiere at the Berlin International Film Festival this week.
The animated feature from How to Train Your Dragon director Chris Sanders and Space Chimps' helmer Kirk De Micco features voice work from Nicolas Cage, Ryan Reynolds and Emma Stone.
Tune-in below to catch Sanders, De Micco, Cage and Stone live at the Berlinale press conference.
Never miss a story. Stay up-to-date with THR's Daily Headlines.
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'Game of Thrones' Star Emilia Clarke on Playing Sarah Connor, Turning Down 'Fifty Shades' and Moving on From Nudity
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Monsters, Mythology and the Smoking Man: 10 Crucial Reasons the 'The X-Files' Remains Iconic (Video)
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Deborah Sampson
- Article
- Web sites
- Bibliography
- Additional Information
United States soldier
External Web sites
Britannica Web sites
Articles from Britannica encyclopedias for elementary and high school students.
- Deborah Samson - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up)
(1760-1827). An extraordinary heroine of the American Revolution, Deborah Samson served for more than a year in the Continental Army while disguised as a man. She later lectured on her wartime experiences and was perhaps the first woman to lecture professionally in the United States.


text:
Editorial: Reevaluating Long Island's need for new electricity
Long Island has a problematic history when it comes to making decisions about generating electricity. So its good news that PSEG will analyze Long Island's electric needs and review the power supply contracts currently before the LIPA board.
Trio of high-end homes on LI LaFontaine attends Sports Concussion Symposium LI native invents toilet-conversion kit Schwarzenegger living 'beyond his wildest dreams' Coney Island Cyclone stalls, forcing riders to walk down Garden City residents, officials rally against 'monster poles' St. Agnes Cathedral being renovated for first in 35 years Official: Squatter seriously burned in Glen Cove fire leaped to safety Exhibit looks at iconic American toys LIRR to demolish, replace 118-year-old Great Neck bridge Cops: Pedestrian struck in Lake Success East Village fire injures dozen, 3 critically


text:
Fuse Creativity System Project Guide: Fun Party Themes, Idea for Handmade Cards, And More Paper Crafts from Fiskars
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Rustic Bird Card
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Sent a little "tweet" someone's way with this Rustic Bird Card from Martha Stewart Crafts. With some basic card making supplies, you can create this card and many more to send as birthday greetings or just because. Create several and bundle them together to create a cute gift for someone who loves sending cards!
- Bird stamp
- Pale pink cardstock
- Glue stamp pad
- Coordinating glitter
- Scissors
- Foam Adhesive
- Peach cardstock
- Neutrals paper pad
- Ruler
- Craft knife
- Cutting mat
- Stamp a bird onto pale pink cardstock using the glue stamp pad. Sprinkle with coordinating glitter, working over a paper plate or large sheet of paper to catch excess glitter. Tap off excess glitter and tip back into bottle.
- Cut out the stamped bird with scissors. Adhere to peach cardstock using foam adhesive. Use scissors to cut the bird outline from the peach cardstock.
- Create a square card from the peach cardstock. Cut a silver mat from the Neutrals paper pad and adhere to front of card.
- Using the ruler and craft knife on cutting mat, cut a frame for the stamped bird from the metallic wood grain paper. Adhere frame to card using foam adhesive.
- Adhere the stamped bird cutout in center of frame.
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Local Movers Illinois Carbondale Illinois 62901
Carbondale IL 62901
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