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Originally from Taranto, Italy but live in Florida now. My husband and I have lived in many countries and now, retired, we travel often with our motorhome, but try to go back to Italy as often as we can.
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Maria&John with two friends stayed 1 week in my appartment. During 3 months they travelled over Europe and Paris was just one stage.
They are very friendly and I could see that they used travelling ! It's very pleasant !
The appartment was very clean and I recommend very much Maria&John !
Eric, thank you for the kind comments. We really enjoyed staying at your apartment. It was well furnished, comfortable, with safe parking, fast internet and ideally located to explore Paris with the Metro...we did not have to use our car for the entire week we were there. Great view of the Eiffel Tower as well...
We highly recommend your place...Maria, John, Eva and Attila
I had a nice experience with her family. Thanks for the booking and good luck with the baby!
Maria and her husband were lovely.
It was just a shame I did not have the time to meet her earlier in her stay with us, and have a few more chats and perhaps a hug or two!
Hope their journey back home was good.
Thanks Melanie and sorry for the late posting...we had a great time...just got home on December 5th...
John and I wish you and your family a great Holiday Season...Maria and John
Maria was the perfect host for any operator of B & B would have.
Maria is friendly and smiling. It 'was fun and enjoyable dinner organized by her and her friends (also very tasty!)
Maria ,her husband aand her friends are really lovely lovely people: polite, friendly, nice ,absolutely recommended!! It's a pleasure have guests like them!!


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The Lion's Roar
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"First Aid Kit is the duo of sisters Johanna (age 19) and Klara (22) Soderberg. They hail from Sweden but their sound is pure Americana. The vocal performances are truly extraordinary throughout. Conor Oberst & James Felice of The Felice Bros. join for the celebratory final track to close the album on a joyous note, handclaps and all. A warm ending to a gorgeous album." from iTunes.
'Emmylou' is the current single and most memorable track on the album, with the title track a close second. There are beautiful vocal harmonies to be found and warm, simple acoustic accompaniment but overall the form is much too similar for every song and the effect is that of listening to one long, linear song.
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subset: commoncrawl


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Is it damaging to leave a room unheated?
My guest room doesn't get much use and has no source of heat. This is the first winter it's been empty. Is it okay to allow it to remain cold? Or should I fire up an electric radiator for a period of time every day?
Unless there's a water pipe in a wall that might freeze I wouldnt think cold would hurt it. But then again, I never have lived in freezing territory.
What might concern me is humidity. Too humid and mold grows on things.
I have a section of the house that's closed off and have watched at times the humidity slowly creap upwards. When too humid I just open it up to the climate controlled main house during the days for two or so days. When the weather is overly humid, I just put a dehumidifier back there and leave it closed off.(except then I gotta go dump the bucket for a while)
In cold climates, it's the freeze and thaw that does in houses - everything moves, just as roads do when they make pot holes in the spring. After a while the expansion and contraction from the temperature change causes stuff to move: plaster to crack and fall off the wall, windows and doors to shift, pipes to disconnect, etc.
We close off parts of our house, especially our guest room with electric heat! As it is on the first floor I use it for cold storage for food, so I open the door every day or so. We just closed it up this month, including winterizing the toilet. By late March/April (mud season here) we will be ready to open the room again. So it is not subject to much freeze and thaw.
My parents closed off much of their house in New Hampshire. They lived in 13 rooms in the summer, not including the 5 porches!, but only 4 in the winter, the kitchen, the library (my mother's office) my father's office, and their bedroom. They had no problems at all. When company came in winter it took a day to heat the cold rooms though! We had lots of wool blankets too.
If it gets too cold lead paint peels and falls off (I.e. your first layers of paint on walls and trim). HOwever it'll probably get enough warmth from the adjoining rooms that that won't happen. Probably wouldn't get any colder than your basement say (~ 50 degrees?) I'd try it and just see how cold it gets in there.


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Abstract available in
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Description (OCR text may contain errors)
Nov. 30, 1971 A. WHITTELL, JR
MULTIPLE POOL SYSTEM WITH COMMON HEATER Filed Feb. 9, 1970 k [444/7754, de.
INVENTOIL frag/v5@ United States Patent O 3,623,165 MULTIPLE POOL SYSTEM WITH COMMON HEATER Alfred Whittell, Jr., Los Angeles, Calif., assignor to Raypak Company, Inc., El Monte, Calif. Filed Feb. 9, 1970, Ser. No. 9,650 Int. Cl. E04h `3/16, 3/18 U.S. Cl. 1 -172.15 7 Claims ABSTRACT F THE DISCLOSURE A multiple pool system comprising a main pool and a small therapeutic pool or spa, both pools being heated from a common heater. Operation can be shifted from one pool to the other manually. The pool heater is controlled by a flow governor controlling a bypass to normally limit the temperature in the heater. The heater is gas fired and the gas valve is controlled in response to temperature of water returning to the heater. When operation is shifted to the therapeutic pool the control point of the control of the gas valve is raised which causes the flow governor to cut-off the bypass across the pool heater resulting in the water in the spa or therapeutic pool being maintained at a higher temperature.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to swimming pool heaters and control thereof and more particularly to a system which includes an additional small therapeutic pool or spa which is maintained at a higher temperature for hydromassage purposes. Typically in the prior art where there were two pools, two pool heaters were required or one heater but without temperature control in the small therapeutic pool. The herein invention provides an arrangement wherein a single common heater heats the water both for the main pool and the small therapeutic pool; operation can be shifted at Will to the small pool with the temperature being automatically controlled and maintained at the desired higher value. The primary object of the invention is to realize this type of system having the desired control and operating characteristics utilizing a single heater.
A therapeutic pool is a small shallow pool adjacent to a conventional swimming pool. It is usually maintained at a temperature which, by way of example, would be 105 degrees Fahrenheit. In the arrangement of the herein invention, merely by shifting valves, operation can be shifted to the therapeutic pool, the heated water going to this pool rather than to the regular pool. At the same time control is shifted so that the common heater maintains the desired higher temperature in the therapeutic pool. The result is that this speeds upheating the therapeutic pool, saves fuel, and provides for very accurate temperature control of the therapeutic pool or spa Within plus or minus one-half degree Fahrenheit. Higher temperatures than bath temperatures are too high and may be scalding, whereas lower temperatures lack therapeutic values. The realization of these results in the system constitute further objects of the invention. An additional object is to realize these results in a type of system embodying a flow governor as referred to in the foregoing, which normally controls a bypass across the pool heater and which moves to close the bypass when the system is operating in the mode wherein the heated water is delivered only to the therapeutic pool.
Further objects and additional advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and annexed dra-wing, wherein a single figure is a diagrammatic view of a preferred form of the invention.
Referring now more particularly to the drawing, numeral 10 designates a typical swimming pool, the water in which is heated by a gas fired pool heater designated diagrammatically at 12. The pool heater is of a conventional known commercial type. The pool heater is provided with a flow governor designated diagrammatically at 14. The pool, the heater, and the flow governor may be of the type shown in Pat. No. 2,884,197 of Alfred Whittell, Jr. and that patent is incorporated herein by reference. The flow governor might also be of the type shown more in detail in Pat. No. 3,148,828 of Alfred Whittell, Jr. and said patent is incorporated herein by reference. The ow governor 14 is embodied in a bypass 20 across the pool heater. It comprises a double modulating valve including valve members 22 and 24, which cooperate with ports 26 and 28, the valve members being actuatable by a thermostatic element 32 responsive to flow of water from the pool through the flow 'governor and to the delivery line 34 of the pool. The return line 36 has a typical filter 38 in it, the bypass 20 being from the return line 36 to the delivery line 34.
The delivery line has in it a three way valve 44, the three way valve 44 has outlets 45 and 46. Outlet 45 can deliver water to the main pool and through branch pipe connections l48 and 50. Outlet 46 can deliver water through line 52, which has branch connections providing for delivery of hot -water to the therapeutic pool or spa 58 at four equally spaced points, the branch connections, including the branches 60 and 62 and then the four branches `64, 66, 68, and 70.
The return line to the filter 38 has in it a circulating pump 74, the return lines from the pools being through lanother three way valve 76 having an outlet 77 connected to line 78 that delivers to the pump 74. The three way valve 76 has an inlet 80 connected to line 82, which connects to the drain outlet of the therapeutic pool 58. The three way valve 76 has an inlet 86 connected to line 88. Line 88 connects to branch lines 90` and 92 having in them gate valves 94 and 96. Line 90* connects to a side part of the pool 10 and line 92 connects to the main drain of the pool. The -gate valves 94 and 96 are manual valves which can be adjusted for balancing the ratios of water drawn from the pool through lines 90 and 92.
As mentioned, the exemplary form of heater is gas fired, the gas valve being an electrical type as shown at in the gas line 112. A conventional pilot control 114 is provided Irespective to a pilot flame generated by a pilot burner 116.
The gas valve is controlled by several control instrumentalities. Numeral designates a thermostatic controller having electrical contacts that are thermostatically controlled by Way of a temperature responsive bulb 122 connected by a tube to the unit 120. This thermostatic controller is usually set at a range of 70 to 80` degrees Fahrenheit, the bulb 122 being responsive to the temperature in line 36 carrying the return water to the heater. Numeral 126 designates a similar type of thermostatic controller responsive to bulb 128 also adjacent the conduit carrying return water to the heater. This thermostatic controller is typically set to maintain a temperature of, for example, 115 degrees Fahrenheit, which is a relatively higher temperature as willbe referred to presently. Numeral 132 designates a further thermostatic controller, contacts of which are normally closed, this controller :being responsive to a thermostatic bulb 134 positioned to be responsive to the temperature of water leaving the pool heater. Numeral 138 designates a pressure responsive switch having contacts, this switch being connected by tube 140 to pipe 142 which is part of the water flow conduit through the heater. The switch 138 closes in response to pressure indicative of flow through the heater.
This instrument might be a ow switch ra-ther than a pressure responsive switch.
Numeral 156 designates a manual switch cooperating with terminals 158 and 160. Terminal 160 is in a branch or shunt circuit having in it the contacts of thermostat 126, this being a circuit that bypasses the thermostat 120.
Included in the circuit of the pilot controller 114 are the manual switch 156, the thermostats 120 and 132, the pressure switch 138 and the gas valve 110'. In the system as shown the unit 114 generates current in response to heat. As an alternative, the circuit may be powered by a transformer having a secondary winding generating 24 volts for example, the unit 114 being of a type operable to interrupt the circuit in the absence of pilot llame. The operation of the system will next be described.
OPERATION The system may be operated in a normal way with hot water being delivered only to the main pool through the piping described in the foregoing. In this mode of operation, the three lway valves -44 and 76 are set so that the water is delivered only to the main pool and is drawn only from the main pool. In this mode of operation the ow governor 14 operates to control the temperature within the pool heater in a manner described in the patents referred to in the foregoing. Typically it is set to maintain the temperature of the water leaving the boiler within a range of 105 degrees to 115 degrees Fahrenheit. A higher temperature will accelerate scale formation whereas a lower temperature will allow flue product condensation to form on the outside of the tubes. In this mode of operation, the manual switch is closed to the terminal 158 and the gas valve 110 is controlled by the thermostat 120 to maintain a temperature of, for example, 70 degrees to 80 degrees Fahrenheit in return line 36. The thermostatic element 32 of the ow governor 14 may be of a conventional type and typically may be of a type commercially known as a Vernatherm. Upon rising temperature of water leaving the pool heater, it acts to close or throttle the port 28 cutting off flow through the bypass 20 and allowing more water to go through the pool heater and thus limit the rise of temperature in the heater.
When it is desired to use the therapeutic pool or spa, the three-way valves 44 and 76 are set to their opposite positions so that water delivered from the heater through line 34 is delivered only to the therapeutic pool 58 and water is now returned to the pool heater only from the therapeutic pool through the connections as described in the foregoing. When operation is shifted to this mode, the manual switch 156 is closed to the opposite terminal 160 where it bypasses the thermostatic controller 120 now placing the thermostatic controller 126 in control of the main gas valve 110. This controller is set to maintain a temperature of, for example, 105 degrees Fahrenheit, which is a desirable temperature -for the therapeutic pool 58. Due to the relatively small volume of water in the therapeutic pool, the return water in line 36 rapidly increases in temperature. The outlet water from the heater also rapidly increases in temperature and soon exceeds 115 degrees Fahrenheit. This causes the flow governor 14 to move in a direction to close the port 28 and to cause all of the return water to go through the boiler so that the water for the therapeutic pool is heated to the desired temperature quickly. The thermostatic controller 132 is a limit controller responsive to the temperature of water leaving the pool heater. Its contacts are normally closed but at a suitable limiting temperature would open and cut off the heat to the pool heater to prevent the occurrence of an excessive and undesirable temperature. The purpose of the pressure switch 138 is to insure that there is ow through the heater before the main gas valve canv be opened. As pointed out, this controller could be a ow switch as well.
From the foregoing, those skilled in the art will readily understand the nature and construction ofk the invention and its operation and the manner in which it achieves and realizes all of the objectives and advantages as set forth in the foregoing. It will be seen that the invention makes it possibe to accommodate both a main pool and a therapeutic pool with a single heater, while nevertheless realizing all of the desired control characteristics. The results are accomplished in an extremely simple way. In the normal operation the flow governor protects the temperature in 'the pool heater While a desired temperature is maintained in the main pool. Merely by shifting the three way valves and changing the position of the manual switch 156 the therapeutic pool is brought into operation by itself -with the water quickly being brought up to the desired temperature. The ow governor 14 now automatically operates in a desired way to cut off the bypass and to cause the water to go through the pool heater so as to quickly heat it up to the desired temperature of the spa. The heater is nevertheless protected during this operation by the limit controller.
The foregoing disclosure is representative of a preferred form of the invention and is tol be interpreted in an illustrative rather than a limiting sense, the invention to be accorded the full scope of the claims appended hereto.
What is claimed is:
1. A pool system comprising a main pool, a relatively small therapeutic pool, a single water heater having delivery and return connections to both of the pools and temperature control means, responsive to the temperature of water at said heater, for maintaining water temperature in the main pool and for maintaining a relatively higher temperature in the therapeutic pool as desired, valve control means for selectively directing heated water from the heater to either the main pool or the therapeutic pool and return therefrom to said heater, and manual control means for adjusting the temperature control means whereby to selectively control temperature in the main pool or to maintain a relatively higher temperature of water circulating through the therapeutic pool.
2. A system as in claim 1, wherein said control means comprises a ow governor positioned at the water outlet of the pool heater whereby to regulate ow through the heater to control the volume of water flowing therethrough. 3. A system as in claim 2, including a bypass across the heater arranged to cause return water from a pool to bypass the heater.
4. A system as in claim 3, wherein said flow governor is responsive to temperature within the heater, said control means being responsive to temperature of water owing through the heater and said manual control means being settable to a temperature at which the flow governor is caused to close thebypass whereby all of the return water ows through the pool heater for maintaining a relatively high temperaturein the therapeutic pool.
5. A system as in claim 4, including a temperature responsive limit control means responsive to temperature in the heater controlling the heat source.
6. A system as in claim 3, wherein the said flow governor is in said bypass.
7. A system as in claim 6, wherein said control means comprises separate thermostatic devices for controlling the main pool and the therapeutic pool, and the manual control means including means for selectively causing one or the other thermostatic devices to control theheater.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS HENRY K. ARTlS, Primary Examiner
Referenced by
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Shadow of a DoubtHusband is gonna turn her world upside down.
Shadow SchoolA Rite of Passage.
ShahraBarb's Arabian NightsBarb applies for mysterious job with fringe benefits.
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Sharing a RoomLoving couples unexpectedly share a hotel room.
Sharing Our FantasiesMy girlfriend and I discover our exhibitionist side.
Sharing Sara, My Exhibitionist WifeSara displays her body to five male strangers in her home.
She Let Herself GoShe has two months to act out fantasies with her online love.
She Likes Showing OffStep one in making my fantasies reality.


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Coldspring agrees to extension of conditional use permit review period
Coldspring has agreed to an extension of the review period for a conditional use permit for the proposed expansion of its St. Cloud, Missouri, quarry, according to a report from SCTimes.com.
The extension brings the review period through December 31, allowing the Zoning Board of Appeals (ZBA) more time to address concerns and questions.
Coldspring wants to open a 30-acre granite quarry and processing area on its 210-acre site. The company plans to excavate 300 to 350 feet in seven phases over 25 to 30 years at the new quarry.
The ZBA held a public hearing last month to discuss the proposed expansion but decided at the meeting to postpone the discussion and take more time to consider the request.
The board intended to discuss the request this month, but the extension is pushing the discussion to the ZBA's October 15 meeting.
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Suggestions for sewing this flag
I think each stripe is 6". I think I need to purchase silk remnants.
This photo is of Lauren Hutton in a spread of Town and Country Magazine.
I'm not looking at her or what she wears. It's the flag held up by clothespins! Wow!
I have a place for that big flag. Suggestions?
The stripes are about8-12 in long pieces of various red pieces,in different patterns.. Cotton polyester might be easier to find. Do you have the magazine, you might be able to find who made the fabrics & what they were made of. Some magazines have that somewhere in their magazines. Don't know if Town & Country does or not. otherwise could write to them & ask them. Don't know how old magazine is but you local library might have an issue. Would be lovely on a wall! Good Luck!
A number of interesting things about the flag. It combines various textures/prints in red and white. Each stripe is sewn with what may be a french seam so it doesn't ravel, but the seam is standing up. The pieces of each stripe are also sewn with that standing seam. Note too that the field of stars is not sewn in individual squares, but the squares vary in size. I suspect the stars are appliqued onto the blue background.
I suspect it's not silk, but may be a cotton or decorator fabric that has a soft hand to it. It also doesn't look to be quilted, but a single layer of fabric.


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Drug Discovery, Development & Commercialization at Coursera
Just finished yet another Coursera course and am very impressed by quality of content and lectures. This time it was more of a 'subject matter'/'business' course rather than the usual technical stuff. Pharmaceuticals is definitely my 'main' industry: I spent a lot of time doing projects for various pharma companies in multiple countries. My first project, 14 years ago (sniff-sniff), […]Continue reading →


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Diagnosing and Staging Breast Cancer
An accurate and thorough diagnosis is important so that your breast cancer team can develop the best treatment plan for you. At City of Hope, your care team will utilize the most advanced breast imaging technologies and laboratory techniques to guide your personalized treatment.
Breast Imaging
Imaging studies give your breast cancer team important information about changes that may be occurring in your breast tissue. Breast imaging is an important part of a woman's health care, so that problems can be detected when they are most treatable.
A mammogram is a safe and reliable low-dose X-ray exam that provides a view inside breast tissue. Mammography is appropriate and effective for routine screenings, women experiencing symptoms and women with a history of previous breast cancer.
Screening mammography:
A compression paddle is lowered slowly onto the breast. This prevents any movement and allows the maximum amount of tissue to be examined. A series of images is taken and then checked for quality.
Diagnostic mammography:
During a diagnostic mammogram, a number of X-rays are taken to obtain views of the breast from several angles. Areas may be magnified to produce a detailed picture that can help the doctor make an accurate diagnosis. A diagnostic mammogram takes longer than screening mammogram because more X-rays are needed to obtain varying views of the breast.
Digital mammography:
This specialized form of mammography uses digital receptors and computers instead of X-ray film to help examine breast tissue for cancer.
Breast MRI
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combines magnetic fields, radio waves and a computer system to obtain cross-sectional images in all three dimensions. Breast MRI is often performed once a woman has been diagnosed with breast cancer to determine the extent of disease for surgical planning. It can also be used for screening women with an extremely high risk of developing breast cancer (such as a genetic mutation). This test does not use radiation.
Diagnostic ultrasound
An ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves to create an image of the breast tissue on a viewing screen. An ultrasound may be used to distinguish between a solid mass, which may be cancer, and a fluid-filled cyst, which is usually not cancer.
A biopsy is a test in which a sample of breast tissue is obtained through a needle or by removing a piece of tumor. The removed tissue is then carefully examined, which can answer questions about cancer or other abnormality.
Fine needle aspiration biopsy:
In this minor surgical procedure, a thin, hollow needle is inserted into a breast lump to take a small sample of cells that are examined under a microscope.
Needle-localized open surgical biopsy:
This type of biopsy is performed when you have an abnormality that cannot be felt but is visible on a mammogram. A local anesthetic is administered and a small needle is inserted into the breast to mark the area to be sampled. Mammogram images are then taken to confirm the needle is correctly positioned. A guide wire is then inserted through the needle to show the surgeon exactly where to take the biopsy.
Stereotactic biopsy:
This type of biopsy uses a computer and X-rays to locate the abnormal breast tissue. A sample of tissue is then removed using a fine needle aspiration biopsy.
Ultrasound-guided biopsy:
During ultrasound-guided biopsy, your doctor will use ultrasound to guide the needle to the appropriate area. The sample of tissue or fluid then is evaluated in the laboratory.
MRI-guided biopsy:
MRI-guided biopsy is used when an abnormal area cannot be visualized well by mammogram or ultrasound or when an abnormality can only be seen on an MRI scan.
Stages of Breast Cancer
To properly plan for treatment, breast cancer patients are staged in accordance to how advanced the disorder is. This is primarily done by taking a number of factors into consideration, including:
Size of the tumor
If the tumor have grown into the chest wall or skin
Whether the cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes and how many lymph nodes are affected
If the cancer has metastasized to distant organs, such as the bone, liver, brain or lung
Based on these factors, patients are staged according to their risk level, with higher risk patients typically requiring more intensive treatments.
Additional information about staging criteria is available on the
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Reducing Breast Cancer Risk in Hodgkins Lymphoma Survivors
Low-dose Tamoxifen for Radiation-Induced Breast Cancer Risk Reduction Trial
A clinical research study is currently underway to see if low-dose tamoxifen can reduce the risk of breast cancer in childhood, adolescent, and young adulthood cancer survivors.
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Positive Image Center
is where licensed cosmetologists support and assist patients with building and maintaining self-confidence in their appearance. Patients can access wig fittings and stylings and discuss cosmetic techniques.
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Many gynecological cancer and breast cancer services at City of Hope are provided at the
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Here, women receive the highest quality care, whether seeking prevention and screening services or coping with a cancer diagnosis.
Cancer side effects: 4 tips for coping with appearance changes
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As stem cell therapy research advances, so does nursing
The promise of stem cell therapy has long been studied in laboratories. Now, as medicine enters an era in which this therapy will be increasingly available to patients, the nurses who help deliver it will be in the spotlight. City of Hope, which has launched its Alpha Clinic for Cell Therapy and Innovation (ACT...
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Not all conditions should be treated at end of life, study suggests
Just because you can treat a condition, such as high cholesterol, at the end of life — well, that doesn't mean you should. That's the basic lesson of a study to be published March 30 in JAMA Internal Medicine. The ramifications go far beyond that. The research, in which City of Hope's Betty Fe...
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Discovering tools for genetic testing – and teaching others to use them
The understanding of the relationship between genetics and cancer risk continues to grow, with more genetic testing than ever before available to patients. However, the adage that a little knowledge is a dangerous thing is applicable: Without context for what a test result means, and without meaningful guidance...
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Prostate cancer: Jonathan Yamzon on MRI/ultrasound fusion biopsy
Standard prostate biopsies haven't changed significantly in the past 30 years – nor have the problems inherent with them. Regular biopsies have an expected error rate: Tumors may potentially be undersampled and, 30 percent of the time, men who undergo a radical prostatectomy are found to have more aggress...
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Stem cell therapy clinic will fight incurable disease in new ways
In the field of cancer, patients have had surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy as options. Now, as City of Hope officially opens the Alpha Clinic for Cellular Therapy and Innovation, patients battling cancer and other life-threatening diseases have another option: stem-cell-based therapy. The Alpha Clini...
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The environment and cancer: Are you at risk? (w/VIDEO)
How does the environment affect our health? Specifically, how does it affect our risk of cancer? City of Hope physicians and researchers recently answered those questions in an Ask the Experts event in Corona, California, explaining the underlying facts about how the environment can affect our health. Moderator...
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End-of-life nursing care has evolved worldwide. Here's how …
Nurses and other medical professionals have come to understand that it's not enough just to fight disease. They also must provide pain relief, symptom control, and an unrelenting commitment to improve patients' quality of life — especially at the end of life. Not too long ago, this was a relatively ...
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Cancer Insights: The dawn of precision medicine for cancer
"Tonight, I'm launching a new precision medicine initiative to bring us closer to curing diseases like cancer." These were the words of President Barack Obama on Jan. 20, 2015, during his State of the Union address. So what is precision medicine, and how close are we to making it a reality for...
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March is Colon Cancer Awareness Month. How sad, yet how serendipitous, that the co-creator of "The Simpsons" Sam Simon passed away in March after a four-year battle against colon cancer. What message can we all learn from his illness that can help us prevent and overcome colon cancer in our own lives? Colon can...
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Meet our doctors: Oncologist Misagh Karimi on obesity and cancer
Misagh Karimi, M.D., assistant clinical professor, is a medical oncologist at one of City of Hope's newest community practice locations, located in Corona in Riverside County. A recent community health report from Corona's public health department stated that obesity rates for teens and adults in Riverside Coun...
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Ovarian cancer treatment: New guidelines reflect better outcomes
In 1975, the median survival for patients with ovarian cancer was about 12 months. Today, the median survival is more than 5 years. Although researchers and clinicians are far from satisfied, the progress in ovarian cancer treatment is encouraging, said Robert Morgan, M.D., F.A.C.P., professor of medical oncolo...
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Drug could boost chance of pregnancy after breast cancer, study suggests
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My colleagues in the clinic know I've got a soft spot. Last week, a patient of mine offered me a fantastic compliment. "You're looking younger these days, Dr. Pal!" she said, offering me a big hug as she proceeded out of the clinic room. Lovely, I thought. The early morning workouts are paying off. She continue...
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MANUU, Hyderabad: M. Phil. in Education
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Applications are invited for admission to the M. Phil. programme in Education for the academic year 2013 – 2014 at Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Hyderabad: Eligibility: M. Ed. programme with 55% marks Selection Process: Selection of the candidates will be done on the basis of Entrance Test and Interview. How to Apply: The Prospectus and ...
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Hyderabad, Maulana Azad National Urdu University (MANUU) Civil Services Examination (prelims) - 2015 to qualify for the free training, minority, woman is inviting applications from candidates. Details ....... Civil Services Examination 2015 Free Training For a period of six months Qualification: Any Degree. Minorities, women candidates are eligible only. Selection: Written Test, Interview. To Apply: Send ...
Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Hyderabad: MA / PG Diploma / Diploma / Certificate / M. Phil / Polytechnic / Ph.D. Programs
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Applications are invited from all the eligible candidates for admission into MA, Post Graduate Diploma, Diploma, Certificate, M. Phil, Polytechnic and Ph.D. Regular Mode Urdu Medium Programs at various campuses of Maulana Azad National Urdu University (MANUU) Hyderabad for the Academic Year 2013 – 2014: Courses: M.A.: i) Urdu; ii) Persian; iii) ...
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MAUU, Hyderabad invites applications from the eligible candidates for admission into PhD program for the academic year 2013-16. Program offered for the disciplines of: • Hindi • Public Administration • Women Education • Education and Training Eligibility: Candidates must have a first class Maters degree in their respective fields. Students who expect to complete their Master degree ...
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State Board of Technical Education and Training (SBTET) conducted the Polytechnic Common Entrance Test (POLYCET) 2013 examination held on May 2, 2013 (Sunday) Dear all candidates we have latest updates of CEEP POLYCET 2013 Results, the latest updates is mention below: SBTET Andhra Pradesh will declared the POLYCET Results 2013 on May 17th, 2013 ...
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A system of gearing that allows gears to be designed that are smaller than standard involute gears of corresponding torque capacity. This reduction in size is made possible by increasing the angle through which the teeth are engaged. The wider angle of engagement is achieved by adding to the path of contact two segments: (1) the path portion closest to the pinion is extended by adding on a slightly curved segment lying outside the circle that is the locus of interference points for involute gearing; and (2), the path portion closest to the gear is extended by adding a segment that is produced by the use of an exceptionally long pinion addendum. The reduced size of the gears made possible by the wider engagement angle obtained from addition of these two path segments not only reduces mass and pitch line velocity, but the wider engagement angle itself also affords an increased profile contact ratio that reduces transmission error. The wider angle of engagement thus reduces noise excitation in two ways. In addition, a third way may be added if proportions are used that reduce or eliminate mesh stiffness variation.
1. A pair of mating gears having coplanar axes and teeth formed to be conjugate in the transverse direction along a path of contact that is non-straight,
said path of contact intersecting the interference point locus circle of one of said pair at two points and terminating outside of said circle,
the sum of the addendum coefficients of the teeth of said pair being greater than 2.0,
the number of teeth on one of said pair being smaller than 30,
the difference between the maximum and minimum transverse pressure angles at points on said path of contact being smaller than 20�.
2. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein said teeth are slantingly disposed with respect to the common pitch element of said pair.
3. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein said path of contact includes a straight segment.
4. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein said sum is greater than 2.2.
5. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein said sum is greater than 2.5.
6. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein said number of teeth is smaller than 24.
7. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein said difference is smaller than 10�.
8. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein said teeth have a transverse pressure angle at the pitch point smaller than 20�.
9. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein said teeth have a transverse pressure angle at the pitch point smaller than 16�.
10. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein each tooth of one of said pair is engaged through a roll angle of at least 32�.
11. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein each tooth of one of said pair is engaged through a roll angle of at least 36�.
12. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein said teeth of one of said pair have a whole depth greater than 2.5 modules.
13. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein said teeth of one of said pair have a whole depth greater than 3.0 modules.
14. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein the face contact ratio is within 0.15 of an integer.
15. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein the profile contact ratio is within 0.15 of an integer.
16. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein said teeth of one of said pair are relieved but not crowned.
17. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein said teeth of one of said pair are crowned but not relieved.
18. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein one of said pair is smaller and has stiffer teeth than the other.
19. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein one of said pair is smaller and has a larger addendum coefficient than the other.
20. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein said teeth are formed to have relative radii of curvature at each point on said path of contact in proportion to the tooth pair stiffness at said point.
21. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein the relative radius of curvature of the active profiles of said teeth has its maximum value at a first point on said path of contact, and the tooth pair stiffness of said teeth has its maximum value at a second point on said path of contact, and said first point and said second point are spaced apart by not more than 0.5 modules.
22. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein the inactive flanks of the teeth of at least one of said pair include a segment generated by a portion of the basic rack that lies between the tip radius and the active flank radius and has a radius of 1.0 to 5.0 modules.
23. A pair of mating gears according to claim 1 wherein the end of said path closest to said circle is outside of it by a distance of at least one tenth of the radius of said circle, said distance being measured in a direction normal to the line of centers of said pair.
This invention relates to gear tooth profile forms and proportions. Specifically it relates to tooth features that increase the torque capacity of a gear set. It is an improvement on, and extension of, the conceptions of U.S. Pat. No. 4,276,785.
The minimization of gear noise, which was the stated object of U.S. Pat. No. 4,276,785, has been shown by the applicant's research to require different tooth characteristics depending on the speed of operation. It is well-known that the noise excitation of a gear set exhibits a significant peak at a particular speed, called the "primary resonance speed" or "critical speed." This is the speed at which the tooth contact frequency coincides with the natural frequency for torsional oscillations of the gear set.
It will be evident that for any gear set of a given size and operating speed, the tooth contact frequency will increase in direct proportion to the number of teeth. A gear with a large number of teeth will consequently reach its critical speed at a lower rpm than it would if it had a smaller number of teeth. Thus if a gear set is to be operated at high speed, it will generally be given a comparatively large number of teeth so that it will pass through resonance on its way to its design operating speed. Such a gear set is said to be operated in the "supercritical domain," and in this domain large tooth numbers reduce the noise excitation in two ways: (1) by raising the excitation frequency substantially above the natural frequency, and (2) in the case of helical gears, by reducing the transmission error as a result of an increased face contact ratio.
Most power transmission gearing, however, is operated at speeds below the critical speed for torsional oscillations, in what is called the "subcritical domain." In this domain large tooth numbers are not advantageous, and may in some circumstances be disadvantageous. This is because increases in tooth contact frequency push the operating point closer to the resonance frequency, and this tends to nullify any reductions in noise excitation obtained by an increased face contact ratio. Accordingly, the specification in U.S. Pat. No. 4,276,785 calling for the use of 30 or more teeth on the pinion helps to minimize noise excitation in the supercritical domain but not in the subcritical domain.
The primary object of the present invention is therefore to modify the features specified in U.S. Pat. No. 4,276,785 in such a way as to make them applicable to gearing operated in the subcritical domain. Since large tooth numbers are not advantageous in this domain, pinion tooth numbers smaller than 30, (and preferably smaller than 24), are used in order to maximize torque capacity, and three means other than large tooth numbers are employed to reduce the noise excitation. First and foremost of these means is a reduction in size, since this affords both a reduced pitch line velocity and a reduced mass. The same means employed to reduce the size, which is an increased engagement angle, also increases the profile contact ratio. Since transmission error is inversely proportional to profile contact ratio, the wider engagement angle can be said to reduce noise excitation in two ways. In addition, noise excitation can be further reduced if gearing with a wider engagement angle is given tooth proportions that eliminate mesh stiffness variation in accordance with means disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,589,300.
A second object of the invention is to provide gearing that because it can be made smaller than prior art gearing, will be lighter, more compact and less expensive to manufacture.
The means to achieve the special objects and advantages of the invention will be evident from the drawings as explained in the specification that follows.
FIG. 1 is a partial section of a pair of mating helical gears taken perpendicularly to the common pitch element (i.e. "transversely") and showing mating tooth profiles embodying the invention.
FIG. 2 is a transverse plane diagram showing (a) the circle that is the locus of all interference points for an involute pinion, and (b) the comparative paths of contact for typical involute and wide-angle gear sets.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an enlarged view of the transverse outline of the tooth of a typical gear embodying the invention superimposed on the corresponding outline for a standard involute tooth, to show the comparative shapes.
In detail, and referring to FIG. 1, typical teeth 11, 13 embodying the invention are shown in transverse section engaged at pitch point P. Tooth 11, at right, is on the smaller gear 12 (pinion), and tooth 13, at left, is on the larger gear 14. Other parts of pinion 12 and gear 14, such as hubs, webs, rims, keyways, etc., are standard and are omitted in the interest of clarity.
In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, pinion 12 is driving in the counter-clockwise direction, and contact between the mating teeth takes place over a path of contact that starts at point S on the addendum circle 15 of gear 14, passes through the pitch point P, and ends at point F on the pinion addendum circle 16. (In a speed increaser the direction of movement of the point of contact along the path is of course reversed.) The path segment SI is concave toward the pinion 12, but the main portion of the path IPF is straight.
A straight line joining the path starting point S and the pitch point P makes an angle φmax with a line tangent to the pitch circles at P. This is the maximum transverse pressure angle of the path, and for the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the minimum transverse pressure angle φ will be the angle between the straight segment IPF and the common tangent line 18. The difference between φmax and φ should always be less than 20� and preferable less than 10�, so that variations in the direction of tooth loading will not produce undesirable vibrations. (It should be noted that the variation in pressure angle for cycloidal gearing is generally about 30�, which is one of the reasons cycloidal tooth profiles are not well suited for use in power transmission design.)
FIG. 2 shows a transverse plane diagram of the path of contact SPF of the gear mesh shown in FIG. 1, superimposed on the comparable path S'PF' for a standard involute gear set of the same size. The locus of interference points for involute pinion teeth is a circle 21 that has as its diameter the radius O1 P of the pinion colinear with the line of centers 19 connecting centers of rotation O1 and O2 of pinion 12 and gear 14 respectively.
When the gears are turning, a standard involute profile 22 would make contact with its mate at S' lying on the interference locus circle 21. If an involute pinion were to be rotated through its engagement angle (or "roll angle") S'O1 E', the involute profile 22 would move to the broken line position F'E', where F' is determined by the intersection of the path of contact S'PF' with the pinion addendum circle 23. (E' is a point on the generated profile 22 such that E'O1 is equal to S'O1.)
For a gear set embodying the invention, initial tooth contact occurs at S, moves along a curved path segment SI and then a straight path segment from I to a point F where the path intersects the addendum circle 16 of the pinion. The pinion tooth 25 is shown as a broken line passing through point S where the path intersects the addendum circle 15 of the gear 14. After rotation through its engagement angle, the pinion tooth profile 25 will move to the position FE, where E is at the same distance from the pinion center O1 as S. The roll angle is EO1 S, which will be seen to be much larger than the roll angle E'O1 S' for the standard involute. This is the reason the invention is referred to in this specification as "wide-angle gearing. " If the path of contact includes a substantial portion that is straight, the gearing is referred to as "wide-angle involute gearing." The pinion roll angle is generally greater than 32�, and preferable greater than 36�. To obtain roll-angles of this magnitude, it will generally be necessary to extend the curved path segment SI well beyond the pinion locus circle 21. In most cases the distance from the point S to circle 21, measured in a direction normal to the line of centers 19, should be at least one tenth of the radius of circle 21.
It will be noted that in FIG. 2 the path of contact SF for the wide-angle gearing has a curved segment SI only at one end. As explained in U.S. Pat. No. 4,276,785, the purpose of this curved segment is to avoid the generation of the cusp produced on the tooth flank if all normals to the path do not intersect the line O1 O2. If the gear ratio is equal to or close to unity, then a curved segment will also be needed on the recess portion of the path PF, for the the same reason. In the example diagrammed in FIG. 2, however, the gear 14 is much larger than the pinion 12, so its interference point locus circle 26 will be large enough to encompass the end point F of the path. For gear pairs having a large gear ratio, the size of the recess roll angle is not governed by the size of the interference point locus circle 26 but by the teeth becoming so long that the topland area becomes too narrow and the tooth tips become excessively fragile.
FIG. 3 illustrates how this narrowness of the topland area occurs. In this diagram it will be evident that the wide-angle tooth 31 has a smaller pressure angle (φ in FIG. 2) than the standard involute tooth 32. It is nearly always smaller than 20� and in many cases smaller than 16�, so that the tooth sides converge more slowly and the addendum height is much greater than that for a standard involute tooth 32. The sum of the addendum coefficients for a pair of wide-angle gears is always larger than 2.0 and in nearly all cases larger than 2.2. For optimum results, the sum should be larger than 2.5.
The longer addenda of wide-angle gears illustrated in FIG. 3 of course also require deeper dedenda, to provide clearance space for the tips of the mating teeth. Typically the whole depth of wide-angle gear teeth is greater than 2.5 modules and in most cases greater than 3.0 modules. To offset the loss of bending strength in teeth that are this tall and thin, wide-angle gears have a special flank profile segment that reduces the stress concentration factor. This reduction is obtained by generating the teeth with a tool that has an intermediate radius of 1.0 to 5.0 modules interposed between the generating tool tip radius and the profile portion that generates the active tooth flank. This insures that the transverse tooth profile 31 will be tangent to the constant bending stress parabola 34 (in the U.S. referred to as the "Lewis Parabola") at a point 33 where the radius of curvature of the tooth profile is substantially larger than tooth flank points generated by the cutting tool tip radius.
It has been noted that in order to minimize the noise excitation of wide-angle gears, tooth proportions may be employed that reduce or eliminate mesh stiffness variation. As explained in U.S. Pat. No. 4,589,300, this requires that one of the contact ratios (face or profile) be close to an integer, as for example, within 0.15. If the face contact ratio is close to an integer, the teeth should be relieved but not crowned; similarly, if the profile contact ratio is close to an integer, the teeth should be crowned but not relieved.
In all gear systems, maximum torque capacity is achieved only if the gears are equally durable with respect to bending stress and surface (Hertzian) stress. When small tooth numbers are employed in order to maximize the bending strength, then it becomes advantageous to employ means to increase the surface strength to a comparable degree. One prior art patent, U.S. Pat. No. 3,631,736, proposes that this be done by modifying the working profile so as to produce a constant relative radius of curvature at all points along the path of contact. While this concept may afford advantages with respect to Hertzian stresses induced in conventional involute gears, especially when the gear ratio is high, an alternative is to take into account the fact that the stiffness of gear tooth pairs varies considerably at different points along the path of contact. Because the stiffness of a cantilever beam or plate varies inversely as the cube of the length-to-depth ratio, the tooth pair stiffness at path end-points S and F in FIG. 2 is between one third and one half the tooth pair stiffness at the pitch point P. This is because one tooth is loaded at its extreme tip. As a result, the tooth load at points S and F will be quite light, and may be even lighter as a result of profile relief. An additional factor that must be considered is the relative sliding velocity, since it is known that high sliding velocity reduces Hertzian load capacity.
If it may be assumed that the load-lightening effects of profile relief are roughly sufficient to accommodate the reduced load capacity of high relative sliding points such as S and F of FIG. 2, then it follows that the optimum variation pattern for the relative radii of curvature is one that coincides closely with the tooth pair stiffness, at least to the extent that such a pattern of variation is not in conflict with the necessity of avoiding tooth flank cusping (see above). Although detailed calculations are required, extensive possibilities exist for varying the tooth pair stiffness by varying the relative dedendum depths of the teeth 11, 13 of the pinion 12 and gear 14 respectively. One method of placing the point of maximum relative profile curvature as close as possible (within 0.5 modules at most) to the point of maximum tooth pair stiffness is to shift the latter in the direction of point F (FIG. 2) by giving the pinion teeth a larger addendum coefficient that that of the gear, and also making the pinion teeth stiffer by increasing their transverse circular thickness while decreasing that of the teeth of the gear.
A number of characteristics of the wide-angle concept should be noted: (1) the concept is applicable to bevel and spiral bevel gearing as well as external and internal parallel-axis gearing, with the line of centers simply being the line joining the apexes of the back cones of the mating pair; (2) the reduced pressure angle and extending of the path of contact outside the involute interference locus circle (21 in FIG. 2) gives wide-angle gearing a roll angle that is typically 40 to 50% greater than that of standard involute gearing and 30 to 40% greater than that of AGMA 141/2� composite gearing, "high contact ratio" gearing, recess action involute gearing, "Evoloid" gearing (U.S. Pat. No. 3,247,736) and "Concurve" gearing (U.S. Pat. No. 3,631,736); (3) within the above-noted limitations with regard to the direction of the normals to the path, a number of different curves may be used for the path segment SI, such as those produced by basic rack curves such as sine curves, polynomials, etc.; as is well-known, the path of contact for conjugate gearing is fully determinative of the basic rack and the active profiles of both pinion and gear.
To clarify the scope of the ensuing claims, the following definitions are provided: "transverse" means the direction of motion of the teeth when a gear rotates on a fixed center; "common tangent line" means a line in the transverse direction tangent to the patch circles of a pair of mating gears at the pitch point; "path of contact" means a line in the transverse plane along which tooth contact occurs when a pair of gears is transmitting full torque so that the line extends from the addendum circle of one of the gears to the addendum circle of the other; "non-straight" means including a curved portion or a portion made up of a pair of non-colinear straight lines; "common pitch element" means the element common to the pitch surfaces of a pair of mating gears; "transverse pressure angle" means the angle between the common tangent line and a straight line connecting a point on the path of contact to the pitch point; "whole depth" means the depth of a tooth exclusive of any tip chamfer that may be present; "face contact ratio" means the tooth overlap ratio or axial contact ratio; "profile contact ratio" means the transverse contact ratio, which is equal to the pinion roll angle divided by the pinion pitch angle; "tooth pair stiffness" means the transverse tangential tooth load on a single pair of engaged teeth needed to produce unit transverse deflection in the direction of the pressure line at a given point on the path of contact; "addendum coefficient" means the ratio of addendum height to module.
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The home is also located in a private community development. The development has 24 hour security and information center. The community during the summer season has an outdoor community pool, a community beach area for swimming, basketball & tennis courts, a playground & peddle boat rentals for the kids(or adults!). This is all complimentary for you to enjoy as a tenant of the community.
The features & design of this home have been carefully thought out so you can enjoy a relaxing, comfortable and memorable trip while enjoying the tranquility of the outdoors.
I am a 35 year old professional with a career in the hospitality industry. I graduated with a hospitality degree from Cornell University. Ultimate comfort and guest satisfaction is most important to me and I have given my vacation homes a modern, fresh twist that is hard to get out in the Poconos.
Mark Hanoka purchased this house in 2012
This property will offer an alternative to the mainstream vacation homes that you will find in the Poconos. My home home features modern amenities, an updated fresh and sleek look that you would find in fine hotels in an urban area. I have included flat screen TV's, modern furniture, great lighting and an overall great look.
This home is also centrally located in the Pocono mountains. It is located in a safe area in a private community. There are major attractions in close proximity to the community. Resort mountains include Camelback mtn(20 min), Jack Frost/Big Boulder(35 min) & Shawnee mtn(40 min). Other attractions are the Mount Airy Resort & Casino(10 min), the Crossings clothing outlet center(15 min) and Pocono raceway(25 min). There are also good local restaurants & grocery stores just 10-15 min from the home.
The backyard is also a great place to relax with spectacular views of the lake. The entire backyard is private for you & your guests to use and includes a BBQ grill, lounge furniture, a private beach area with fire pit and dock with private boat.
Mark, thank you for letting us stay at you beautiful home. We had a great time. We would like to come back and enjoy the lake sometime In the summer
My friends and I stayed at the 4 bedroom home for 2 nights to celebrate my birthday. It was amazing. The house was beautiful, spacious and I loved the pool table was great! I would definitely stay here again. Thanks Mark!!!
I would highly recommend this property for any large group looking to visit the Poconos. We arrived with a total of 9 people and everyone was accommodated with a bed. The house is comfortable and equip with enough bathrooms and space for everyone to relax and enjoy themselves. Mark, the owner was very helpful during the entire rental process. He responded to all my questions in a timely fashion and was extremely professional.
Mark, thank you so much for giving us a wonderful Christmas vacation to stay in this home. This is a lakefront home and so beautiful! It was amazing clean, very modern. We loved the pool table. It is in an excellent location! Very close to Camelback, shopping mall and casino. Our kids enjoyed a day for the snow tubing and our adults enjoyed on the slopes for skiing and later my friends enjoyed some fun at the nearby casino. Mark, the property owner is very friendly and helpful with answering any questions that you may have. We'll definitely rent this property again!
This house was perfect for our group! The pool table was a hit with the adults and the kids and the backyard made us never want to leave! We will be returning for sure!
Excellent! My family and I loved and enjoyed our stay at the end of summer .The house was super clean and everything was neat..Kitchen amenities were great, everything we needed to prepare meals.
Location is very conveniently close to everything and peaceful…backyard was spacious and well maintained with breathless view of the lake…it was great to relax and forget our crazy busy lives in NYC
I highly recommend it, you will love it here and definitely coming back!
Not only was the place great, but the whole rental procedure was easy and hassle free
Thank you Mark !
- Just 10 minutes from Mt. Airy Resort & Casino
- 15 min from Camelback mtn(skiing & waterpark)
- 15 min from the Crossings clothing outlet center
- 10 min from Shop Rite and Walmart
- Close to horseback riding, white water rafting, hiking
|Rate Period
|Weekend Night
Winter Season
Jan 12 2015 - Mar 30 2015
2 night minimum stay
|Notes: Rates are based on 8 guests; add $25 per night, per additional guest
My Standard Rate
2 night minimum stay
|Refundable damage deposit
|Pet Fee
Last minutes deal 3/24-3/27 Only $150 per night including cleaning fee
Midweek Special Mon-Thurs/Fri ** Only $125/nt **
Winter 2015 Rates 1/2-3/29
Weekend $695
Weekly $1095
All rates come with an additional $150 cleaning fee & are based on 8 guests. Additional guests will be charged $25/guest
Additional fees may apply(pet fee)
Holidays are subject to higher rates. Please inquire for rates.
Payment is usually accepted in the quoted currency (USD) unless the currency and the amount is specifically agreed in advance with the owner / advertiser.


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Welcome to the Department of Neurobiology
Follow the links to learn about our faculty, research, and academic programs. Our faculty are involved in a wide range of research programs in the neurosciences and the department serves as the home of the Evelyn F. McKnight UAB Brain Institute. For more information about the department's history and facilities, please click here. Prospective students should follow the link to the graduate program.
Brain Awareness Week
McWane Science Center
March 30 - April 3, 2015UAB's Wesley Burge and Joseph Griffis were on Talk of Alabama discussing Brain Awareness Week which is scheduled March 30 - April 3, 2015 at the McWane Science Center. Brain Awareness Week is an opportunity to learn about the the brain and explore the five senses. The McWane Science Center celebrates Brain Awareness Week annually in partnership with UAB.
Burge is in the Visscher Lab and Griffis is in the Szaflarski Lab at UAB.
To view the clip go to: Talk of Alabama
Sontheimer Pens TextbookUAB scientist pens comprehensive textbook on diseases of the nervous system –
Harald Sontheimer, Ph.D., professor of neurobiology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and director of the UAB Civitan International Research Center, has written a comprehensive college-level textbook covering 40 diseases of the nervous system, from stroke to brain tumor.
Sontheimer says the book provides an introductory tutorial for students, scholars, researchers and medical professionals interested in current understanding and treatment of diseases of the nervous system, from foundational science to the best treatment protocols.
"I have been teaching a class with the same title as the book, "Diseases of the Nervous System," for more than a decade, and students kept asking whether there was a book they could use to accompany the class," Sontheimer said. "While there were excellent neurology textbooks, none were suitable for college or graduate students, and even for medical students the neurology textbooks were too specialized."
Sontheimer wrote the book using college students at a Memphis-area college as a focus group while teaching there during a sabbatical from UAB. The book provides comprehensive introductions to stroke, epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, head and spinal cord trauma, multiple sclerosis, brain tumors, depression, schizophrenia, and many other diseases of the nervous system.
It is published by Academic Press and is now available at
Media contact: Bob Shepard, 205-934-8934 or email@example.com
CNC Retreat
April 9-10, 2015
Registration is required to attend:
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About this item
The Nourison Scrollwork Woven Rug features premium Opulon yarns in a strikingly luxurious pile. This beautiful rug makes a stunning addition to any room.
Nourison Scrollwork Woven Rug:
- Classic design
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- Imported
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Photoshop CS6 One-on-One: Fundamentals is a concise and focused introduction to the key features in Photoshop, presented by long-time lynda.com author and Adobe veteran Deke McClelland. This course covers the image editing process from the very beginning and progresses through the concepts and techniques that every photographer or graphic designer should know. Deke explains digital imaging fundamentals, such as resolution vs. size and the effects of downsampling. He explains how to use layers to edit an image nondestructively and organize those edits in an easy-to-read way, and introduces techniques such as cropping, adjusting brightness and contrast, correcting and changing color, and retouching and healing images. These lessons distill the vast assortment of tools and options to a refined set of skills that will get you working inside Photoshop with confidence.
In this movie, I'll show you how to blend clipped layers. Specifically, we'll be blending the wood grain with the frame that encloses it. I'm going to click on the wood grain layer to make it active and then I'm going to change its mode from Normal, once again to Multiply, so that we use the wood grain to darken the contents of the frame layer. And you can see that we get this interesting interaction between the grain and the artwork. That's a little bit too much, so I'd like to see the grain not only in the light portions of the artwork, but in the dark areas as well.
So I'm going to make a copy of this wood grain layer and adjust its blending settings. Now if would just press Ctrl+J or Command+J on the Mac to jump that layer, then Photoshop automatically takes it out of the clipping mask, as you can see. So it's no longer clipped to the frame and it's interacting with the entire composition. That's not what I want. So I'll press Ctrl+Z or Command+Z on the Mac, and instead, I'll press Ctrl+Alt+J or Cmd+Opt+J on the Mac in order to force the display of the New Layer dialog box.
The name wood grain is fine as is. You can have two layers with the same name, if you like. But I'm going to turn on this check box right here that says Use Previous Layer to Create Clipping Mask. That way we'll keep this new layer inside the frame and I'll click OK. And you can see over here in the Layers panel, it continues to be clipped, so both layers are now clipped inside the frame layer. However, because the layer is set to multiply, we're darkening the frame even more. So I'm going to go back to the Blend Mode pop-up menu, and I'm going to switch it back to Normal; which ends up all together restoring the wood grain.
Obviously, that's not what I want because we have no interaction now between the wood grain and the artwork. What I want to do is reduce the Opacity value to 50%. If you're working on a Mac, you can just tap the 5 key, but here on the PC, you can't because the blend mode option is still active, as indicated by this blue highlight. To deactivate the option, you press the Escape key. Notice that that blue highlight disappears. And then, you press the 5 key in order to reduce the Opacity of that layer. And now we get this wonderful interaction of wood grain and artwork throughout the frame.
There's just a couple of more things I want to do here. First, if you look at these swirls, they're not really visually centered inside the frame. They are centered where the artwork is concerned, so going back to the alignment options won't help. What I need to do is just slightly nudge those swirls, which I can do from the keyboard. So I'll start by clicking on the swirls layer to make it active. And then because I want to move that layer, I'll switch to the Move tool up here at the top of the tool box, and then I'll just press the arrow keys on the keyboard. So here I am zoomed out to 33%.
If I press the right arrow key, then I'll nudge the swirls to the right one screen pixel. In all I'm going to press that right arrow key five times and that will get the swirls centered horizontally. Now the reason I mentioned my zoom ratio, 33%, is because I'm nudging in screen pixels. So if you zoom farther in, you'll nudge your artwork that much more. Now I'm going to press the up arrow key three times in order to nudge the layer slightly upward, as well. The last thing I want to do in this movie is to color the wall on the background.
So I will go ahead and scroll to the bottom of the list and click on the wall layer to make it active. And then I'll click on the FX icon down here at the bottom of the Layers panel and choose Color Overlay once again. Again, Photoshop goes ahead and recolors the entire layer red. I'm going to click on that red color swatch to bring up the Color Picker dialog box. I'm looking for a dark shade of green. So I'll change the Hue value to 75 degrees, I'll reduce the Saturation value to 35%, and I'll take the Brightness value down to 50%, then I'll click OK.
And now to use that color to darken the wall, I'll change the Blend Mode from Normal to Multiply. And then I'll click OK. And we end up with our final dark green wall. So that's our composition so far. In the next movie, we'll finish off the artwork inside the frame by adding a couple of additional blended layers.
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QuinnGrand Central Publishing 2012; Not Available
A WYOMING SKY NOVEL The Truth Can Be an Irresistible Temptation . . . As a young boy, Quinn Conway was shattered by his mother's mysterious disappearance. Today, as the oldest of the Conway brothers, his only concern is protecting his family and their ranch. One look at beautiful, strong-willed Cheyenne O'Brien tells him she's also no stranger... more...
Lily and the MajorPocket Books 2011; US$ 7.99
Back by popular demand: The first novel in the romantic Orphan Train trilogy, Lily and the Major ?the beloved historical classic about a woman who must choose between her family and her one true love, by #1 New York Times bestselling author Linda Lael Miller. In his arms, she discovered how tender?and how bold?true passion could be? Lily Chalmers... more...
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When Susannah McKittrick leaves Nantucket for the boomtown of Seattle, she is hardly looking to strike it rich; she is headed west to care for a newborn left motherless after Susannah's cousin died. Although the rigorous trip depletes all of her savings, Susannah is certain she is doing the right thing. She is less sure when she meets the infant's... more...
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Rancher and mountain climber Josh Conway has never backed down from a challenge. So when a photographer disappears in the wilderness during a blizzard, Josh answers the emergency call and leaps into action. Yet he's soon shocked to find the person in "distress" is doing fine-and she's a gorgeous blond spitfire who's as brave and bold as he is. Sierra... more...
JakeGrand Central Publishing 2013; Not Available
A WYOMING SKY NOVEL Wild at Heart . . . Jake Conway is good with his hands. A veterinarian known for his gentle touch, he's also the most eligible bachelor in Wyoming. But like any wild animal, Jake longs to roam free . . . until a sultry redhead with a smile from here to heaven turns up in town. When her estranged father dies, Meg Stanford inherits... more...
Texas Outlaws: ColeHarlequin 2014; US$ 4.99
Criminally Hot!� Cole Chisholm is a droolworthy bronc rider, and every inch the bad boy most mothers would warn their daughters about. Which means he's exactly the guy Nicole Barbie needs.� Nicole has carefully cultivated a rep of her own, but she's not really the bad girl everyone thinks she is. Her mother is pushing her to continue in the tradition... more...
A Rancher's HonorHarlequin 2014; US$ 4.99
One Night With A Cowboy� There's no room in day-care owner Lana Carpenter's life for casual flings. After all, her dream of adopting a baby is closer to becoming a reality than ever. So why is she still mooning over the sexy cowboy who made her forget everything but the strong, sure feel of his arms around her?� It wasn't supposed to be more than... more...
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Mr. Right-There-All-Along� Since she was a teen, there's been one guy that restaurateur Dani Pettit can always count on�her best friend, Nick. Their relationship is purely platonic�that is until a single kiss changes everything. Now Dani is falling hard for the one man she shouldn't fall for�the one who can truly break her heart.� Although rancher... more...
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"One of the most powerful voices in western romance returns with a gritty, earthly, moving love story that captures the true spirit of the West." � RT Book Reviews , review for Paradise Valley SHE'S A WOMAN WITH A SECRET Elizabeth Wainwright is on the run. Accused of a murder she didn't commit, she has no choice but to cut ties with her old life... more...
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Do you love stories with sexy, romantic heroes who have it all�wealth, status, and incredibly good looks? Harlequin� Desire brings you all this and more with these three new full-length titles for one great price! Look for Harlequin� Desire's December 2014 Bundle 2 of 2, filled with even more scandalous stories and powerful heroes! THE SECRET AFFAIR... more...


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DCS range or Thermador?? Please help!
I need to make a decision by Monday! I am trying to decide between a 36" DCS range or 36" Thermador (also considering Jenn air). Can anyone tell me which I should go with?
We're looking for a range. Both are all gas. Thermador seems to be a more known name where I live. DCS is very unfamiliar. Still looking for more information. One problem is that the counter is 27 1/2" like the DCS....the Thermador has a 24" depth. How do I work that out?
it seems like you can't go wrong with either one. We just bought the DCS after extensive study on GW and elsewhere. In the end, the new 2011 DCS had lots of what we wanted and was a solid 800 bucks cheaper. They have been around for a long time, but don't seem that popular yet...I noticed that our local PC Richards is pushing it now "If you don't need a Wolf for the status of it"...we went to a privately owned but LARGE store and they were really showcasing the DCS big time...they felt that especially the new 2011 models --- our salesman felt it was "the best bang for the professional range buck".
That said, Thermador has long-term name recognition and everybody does like their star burners!
Good luck deciding
I prefer Thermador, but that's just me. AND if you purchase a 36" or larger range, you get a free dishwasher with their 1-2-Free Promotion.
About the dishwasher: It's the emerald series (their middle dishwashing series) and values at around 1200.
I'm not too familiar with the simmer on DCS, but I can't imagine it comes anywhere near the low simmer option on Thermador.
Jakvis is correct that Therm makes two models: one with a 24" depth and one with a 27".
Here is a link that might be useful: Want to laugh and learn about appliances? Read my blog!
Although Thermador is a well-established brand, I would forewarn you that a relative, who has worked in the appliance industry for decades, advised us to steer clear of Therms right now, as they are apparently having quality control issues. While the problems don't seem to be appearing in every single unit they sell, it does appear that their quality is extremely hit or miss. I know people who have both hit and missed the mark with their Therms.
We just purchased a new all gas model DCS and love it. The DCS dual stacked burners, and especially simmer can't be beat. Yesterday I took a picture of the a dish I had simmering and sent it to my mom who has a Thermador (her simmer is good, but clicks on and off). We were choosing between Wolf and DCS AG and our dealer also said he felt the DCS was the best deal and he liked the DCS burners better. Good luck with your decision!


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Your iPhone, iPod, or iPad becomes the easy-to-use, never-lost remote your home entertainment center has been waiting for.
Your entertainment system expects a remote control to speak to it via infrared signals. Your iOS device speaks Bluetooth. Beacon acts as a bridge between them.
Imagine being able to control your TV or stereo using your always-handy iPhone. Or your iPod touch. Or your iPad.
Beacon pairs with your iOS device via Bluetooth and works with Dijit's Universal Remote App to put complete control of your home entertainment center in the palm of your hand. There are no bulky cases or dongles, no wires or cables. Control your home entertainment system using the Universal Remote App on your Multi-Touch display.
Setup is quick and easy. The Dijit app uses a library of constantly updated device codes to simplify setup for your TV, set-top box, sound system, media players and more. There's even an integrated learning feature for components not yet included in Dijit's library.
Bluetooth pairing is simple and puts you just a few taps away from using Dijit's intuitive Program Guide and your touchscreen-based device to change channels, volumes, input, set your DVR, and more.
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22-15920 - Pliers Storage Rack
Pliers storage rack makes a handy storage solution for any work bench or tool chest. Keeps up to 32 pairs of pliers organized but ready for work.
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Sold new to Teays Valley Hardware of Scott Depot, West Virginia in December 1978, it remained with the original owner's family until purchased by West... More
1978 Lincoln Continental Mark V 4,700 Miles One of the Best in the Country This Mark V is in extraordinary original condition! With only one owner from... More
Lincoln 1979 Mark V Bill Blass Edition, 15,890 original miles, showroom condition, everything works, blue with white top. 859-236-0969, 859-516-2941, KY ... More
1977 Lincoln MK 5, Beautiful car in superb condition, inside, outside, and underneath. 18,000 miles, two owners, and with a fresh high quality repaint in... More


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TIP Use your personal web page. Send your address (see it in 'your profile') to your pals and to the trading forums so that everyone can see your updated lists and offer you trades.
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The following 4 users match with the requested search. Click on their names to contact them.
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When you register you will be able to search for all your cards in one go, and we will send you any new results of the search every day by email.


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Transportation Critic blames government for Port Mann closure
NDP MLA Harry Bains says the government has a lot to answer for.
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