text:
Blood In Food Negative At 16 Weeks
Here's a taste of what TheBody.com has to offer on this topic:
Get the Facts
What Are the Symptoms of HIV and AIDS?...Symptom of Acute HIV? Fever Yes Yes Chills Yes Yes Night sweats Yes Yes Rashes Yes Yes The only time you're likely to develop any symptoms of HIV is during the "acute" phase, which lasts for six to 12 weeks after you've been infected. Once that period ends, you may well go years without your body giving away any sign whatsoever that you have HIV. This is why it's so important for everybody to get tested for...
Ask the Experts
infection from dry blood (DRIED BLOOD, 2009)Dear Dr Bob,You are certainly a great inspiration to the hiv world. For someone who is infected but is very active in helping others and always maitains a positive attitude, this is just amazing!!I have a question, suppose dried blood from an hiv...
Response from Robert J. Frascino, M.D.
The Robert James Frascino AIDS Foundation...answer is no. The longer answer is nope!Dr. Bobplease answer this, i can't find a clear answer anywhereNov 1, 2006A couple of weeks ago I was walking down the street and this guy had a McDonald's bag. He dumped the fries out of the little fry bag... Read more »
Request #2 HIV I may be going blind too!!Hello Dr. Bob I have sent you a question a few days back and have not seen anything back. I might be going blind though (tongue in cheek).Recap I had vaginal intercourse for about 20-30 secs max, till I my big head told me this was not smart. I...
Response from Robert J. Frascino, M.D.
The Robert James Frascino AIDS Foundation...Hi,1. Immunotherapy would not affect the validity of your negative 12.5-week Home Access test.2. You don't have an autoimmune disease, remember?3. Nope.4. Nope.HIV is not your problem. No way. No how. No Read more »
I am HIV -, female. My husband is HIV +, male. we would like to have a baby. (PREGNANCY: HIV POSITIVE MALE AND HIV NEGATIVE FEMALE 2010)Good Day. My husband told me a month ago that he got tested and he is HIV +. I also got tested and i am HIV -. We would still like to have a baby, in regard that i would not be infected, nor our child. Is there a way where this is possible. We are...
Response from Robert J. Frascino, M.D.
The Robert James Frascino AIDS Foundation...transmission to a minimum.After the baby is born, the doctor will likely advise that he or she take anti-HIV drugs for four to six weeks, usually a liquid form of Retrovir taken two or four times a day, possibly in combination with other HIV... Read more »
AWESOME RESPONSE TO May 28 "Beyond Poz" I am beyong believing I am HIV poz! (ANOTHER I'M POSITIVE I'M POSITVE, FLUFFERNUTTER MAXIMUS! 2010 ,May 28, 2010)You go man! What is really impressive was your last sentence of "Good Luck..apology accepted."You are a better man than all of us out here! I am not worthy!!
Response from Robert J. Frascino, M.D.
The Robert James Frascino AIDS Foundation...a risky exposure. In case you havent looked at the list of possible infections all of them seem impossible when just 1 or 2 weeks prior to getting symptoms our only exposure was a sexual one. So tell me, do you think I am mentally causing all my... Read more »
The Feminization of an Epidemic...have found these to be safe and effective treatments for osteoporosis. Most authors argue that vitamin D deficiency should be ruled out in any HIV-positive patient with significant osteoporosis to determine the need for extra supplementation. ... Read more »
Stopping the Spread of HIV...antiretroviral drugs (ARVs). This is called "post exposure prophylaxis" or PEP. You would take two or three medications for several weeks. These drugs can decrease the risk of infection, but they have some serious side effects. Fact Sheet 156 ... Read more »
Caring for Your Liver if You Have HIV/AIDS...above 400 at the time of starting HIV treatment for the first time. The greatest risk of liver problems is during the first six weeks of treatment with Viramune. Your health care provider should order LFTs before you start taking Viramune and... Read more »
Diabetes and HIV/AIDS...lost weight by cutting fat and calories in their diet and by exercising (mostly walking) at least 30 minutes a day, five days a week. HIV and Diabetes High glucose levels can be a side effect of HIV drugs. Specifically, the protease... Read more »
Connect With Others
Can somebody PLEASE respond
Posted by jkkljhklj, 1 Reply...well as mild night sweats on my chest waking up a couple nights ago. are these ARS symptoms? 8.i fell down on the blacktop a week ago and scraped myself. what would be the risk if hiv + blood was on the asphalt where i scraped myself and it got... Read more »
please respond
Posted by jkhjkjkhg, 1 Reply...blood? what about inch sized drop of blood? or am i just being irrational? had a paper bag protruding out of a paper bag three weeks ago and it scratched my leg in a city that had 16.1/13,554 hiv poz people in 2007 three weeks ago. wat would be... Read more »
Negative after 40 days ! Is this valuable ?
Posted by Anonymous, 6 Replies...Hello everyone, I have a negative rapid test after 40 days of exposure ? Is this valuable since I am gonna get married ? Is there any documented case of Read more »
post to read every day
Posted by nightsunami, 7 Repliesanybody here infected by oral sex? i Read more »
Resource Centers
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I've been asked by several consultants in my coaching program how I get so much done?
I start the day with a clear plan. I have everything that needs to get accomplished during the day written down and I prioritize to start with the most important.
How I run two growing companies and manage to maintain freedom and a great lifestyle.
So before I share with you my thoughts on that, here's what yesterday looked like for me, and it's quite a typical day.
- I'm up and at the gym just after 6am for a short morning workout.
- Come back, breakfast, shower, refresh, and some morning reading.
- We processed several thousand dollars in payments from clients.
- Just before 8am I started to write two articles for ConsultingSuccess.com
- Had a coaching call with a client in my coaching program.
- Two sales calls. One new client signed up and the other will decide tomorrow.
- Around noon I have a quick lunch.
- For the next 1.5 hrs I was on a group coaching call with my clients.
- Around 2pm I went for a swim.
- At 3:15 I went for my one hour massage.
- I called back a prospective client who joined my coaching program and processed their payment for several thousand dollars.
- Throughout the day our businesses are making sales.
- Around 6pm I sent a few more emails and wound the day down.
- Had dinner and then read until 8pm.
- Decided to watch a movie based on the true story of power, politics and crime in the Philippines.
- Read in bed for 30-40mins before going to sleep.


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Tucked cosily away between Oxford Circus and Great Marlborough Street, the London Palladium is one of the city's best-loved theatres. 'The Royal Variety Show', a perennial British favourite, is filmed here, while commercial stage shows from 'Chitty Chitty Bang Bang' to 'Scrooge' have benefited from a steady flow of popular TV faces. Perhaps the biggest draw, however, was non-celebrity Connie Fisher who reigned supreme in Andrew Lloyd Webber's very public auditions, the BBC talent contest 'How Do You Solve a Problem Like Maria?' Given that the theatre's quaint Argyll Street home became almost impassable in the evenings during Fisher's stage residence for 'The Sound of Music' (as well as during Whoopi Goldberg's 2009 musical production of 'Sister Act'), it's best to avoid the locale around 7pm.
London Palladium
|Venue name:
|London Palladium
8 Argyll Street
|Tube: Oxford Circus
Pick a dateto
Sinatra 100
Richard Shelton will perform as Frank Sinatra, in a series of concerts which will mark the 100th anniversary of the singer, actor and producer's birth, accompanied by the late American's own rhythm section, a big band, and performing alongside special...Big band Until Sat April 25th 2015Read more
Kerry Ellis replaces Nicole Scherzinger in the role of Grizabella from Feb 9 2015. Andrew Lloyd Webber's 'Cats', which ran for 21 years at the New London Theatre back in the days when people presumably had more money for drugs, is a stupendously weird...Thu April 2nd 2015 - Sat April 25th 2015Read more
Long ago they were indie mainstays, but Scottish rockers Texas have long since reinvented themselves as big-league soul-rockers. They went on hiatus in the middle of the last decade, but returned to action a few years ago with a new album, 'The Conversation'....Pop and rock Sat May 2nd 2015 - Sat May 2nd 2015Read more
Beyond Bollywood
Prepare to be bowled over is what the blurb for this new show is basically telling us. It's 'not just a musical, it's a theatrical experience', apparently. The show arrives in the UK following sold out dates in Mumbai and tells of Shaily Shergill, who...Fri May 8th 2015 - Sat June 27th 2015Read more
John Barrowman
The dazzle-toothed singer, dancer, actor, talent show judge and all-round housewives' favourite delivers a rare-ish live performance.Pop Sun May 24th 2015 - Sun May 24th 2015Read more
John Shuttleworth – A Knight at the Palladium
Sheffield singer/songwriter and amateur philosopher John Shuttleworth (as portrayed by character comic Graham Fellows) hosts a night of music and chat to raise money for MS charities. His musical guests include rockney singalong duo Chas And Dave, new...Pop Sun June 28th 2015 - Sun June 28th 2015Read more
The Overtones
Made up of former painters and decorators, this British harmony group were discovered by a talent scout while singing on their lunch break (although they had previously auditioned for 'The X Factor', which ruins the story a bit). They're nice boys and...Pop Fri July 3rd 2015 - Fri July 3rd 2015Read more
Sinatra: The Man and his Music
'A brand new show'; 'cutting edge technology' – could the London Palladium have finally found a fresh new musical to fill its gargantuan auditorium? Errrrr, nope: as the title suggests, 'Sinatra' would appear to be a glorified tribute concert, launched...Fri July 10th 2015 - Sat October 10th 2015Read more
The death metal Vikings hammer through their epic, thundering, progressive work-outs for the black-clad faithful, in the incongruously fancy setting of the London Palladium. The first set tonight will consist of their whole 'Ghost Reveries' album, followed...Metal Sun October 18th 2015 - Sun October 18th 2015Read more
Average User Rating
5 / 5
Rating Breakdown
- 5 star:1
- 4 star:0
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Such a lovely theatre!! Amazing friendly staff, and any trip to London, needs a trip to the London Palladium :) love it


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Tuesday, 17 February 2015
Supernova (2000)
A film with a lot of promise. James Spader stared as a bad ass recovering drug addict. I like Spader who is best known now for the Blacklist TV show. Angela Basset is the heroine, and Peter Facinelli makes a terrific villian. After watching this movie I have to wonder why Peter or fellow costar Robin Tunney's carreers failed to soar. Even Lou Diamond Philps who I normaly have little time for did not annoy.
Its a classic Sci Fiction story with a great twist on faster than light travel. The legendary Walter Hill directed the first version but left the film, Francis Ford Coppala was brought in to make the best of the dailies. Rotten Tomatos gave it 10% and it make back less than 10 of its 90 million dollar budget. This was a very good movie that totally drew me into its world. Can't figure out why it was such a bomb.
Three Stars
The Town (2010)
I watched the Blu Ray extended version. It runs 2 hours and thirty minutes. I liked the original version which was just over two hours. Even with the extra half hour the movie really moves.
Ben Afleck as a director and a star has become very bankable and his name in the credits almost guarantees satisfaction. The Town is a great gritty heist movie. It has many similarities to Heat, but if I had to pick the better movie it would be The Town. My only quibble was the sachrine ending.
It was a box office and critical hit. Both as a star and director Its Aflecks best movie to date.
Four Stars
Saturday, 24 January 2015
Movie Fans Taken 3 (2014)
Taken 3 has accomplished its primary goal of sucking the last dollar out of Liam Neeson fans. We should feel good because he got $20 million of the $45 million dollar budget. We should feel bad because its a ridiculous movie. Saying that about a movie in the Taken tradition means its way out there in disbelief la la land. Mills never tells the bad guys about his skill set, he does not even kill that many people. This movie relied on explosions and car chases over use of special skills.
There is a baby in this movie, the plot should have been the baby has been eaten by dingos. Rotten Tomatos gave it 10%. If you liked Taken 2 which I did, this movie is about as big a drop off as it was from Taken One.
Two point one stars
Tuesday, 13 January 2015
American Sniper (2014)
This movie directed by the legendary Clint Eastwood starring Bradly Cooper should have hit a bulls eye. It missed the target. Eastwood's direction lacks energy and Cooper is a cardboard action hero. Its not Eastwood's fault that the mess that was Iraq and the new chaos of ISIS are a strong counterpoint to the unquestioning patriotism profiled in the movie. Portraying the Iraqi people as savages was also over the top.
If it had not been a true story I might have flunked it. The Hurt Locker, Lone Survivor and Zero Dark Thirty all cover the same ground with more authenticity and emotional connection.
Rotten Tomatoes saw a completely differant film and gave it 75%. Out of respect more than merit I will give it 60%. It may be this movie resonates better with Americans than Canadians.
Three Stars
Clint Eastwood is firing back at critics like me. He makes a valid point. This movie is the Snipers story. It was written that way and thats how he filmed it. No grey zones in the American fighting mans mind.
<iframe width="854" height="510" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/5bP1f_1o-zo" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
Monday, 15 December 2014
Gone Girl (2014)
One of the most clever plots in years. It was Directed by David Fincher who has some great films like Fight Club in his resume. I can see a best Director Oscar in his near future. At two hours and 25 minutes the movie does drag a bit in the second half. It was a really well acted movie with lots of Oscar nominations I'm sure. Gone Girl was a critical and box office smash. I was disappointed at the ending but admit it was the correct one. Overall a very worthy production, and a terrific satire.
Four Stars
The Equalizer (2014)
I love Denzel Washington. So this movie staring Denzl Washington with his old Training Day director had me pumped. Most of the air had left my balloon after the first ten minutes of nothing interesting going on. The movie takes way to long to take off. Denzel Washington's character would be more at home as a member of the Avengers. The Russian Mobster chief villian looked way to much like Mr Bean. It was hokey and unoriginal. It still managed $100 million domestic. Rotten Tomatoes was less generous with a 61%. I would not go that high. There will likely be a sequel and hope it turns out better.
Two point six stars.
Wednesday, 10 December 2014
Fury (2014)
Fury is one of those slice of life during wartime postcards from hell. A collection of cliches driven by a tank named Fury. Without knowing any better I would say the movie was based upon GI Combat comic characters and the Haunted Tank. Its a pretty good movie. Not on par with Saving Private Ryan, but all things being equal due to fantastic production values up there with movies like the Dirty Dozen. The Tank battle scenes are fantastic. David Ayer was the screenwriter on Training Day and other notable movies. As a director he is certainly more than capable. I wish he would avoid the cliche like a Canadian avoids saying Eh! Maybe he could not stop Brad Pitt from mouthing some of the most ridiculous dialouge ever. Rotten Tomatoes loved it and the studio is trying to create some Oscar Buzz. I hate to be a buzzkill but this movie will never make a top ten war movies list. War is hell but making a WW2 movie that will crack the top ten needs some kind of Miracle. I suggest a movie about Hitler escaping the Bunker. I read a great book like that but can not find it now.
I just remembered it was the Berkut. It would make a fantastic movie.
Three point three stars.
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When I started at SmithGroupJJR, I fell in love with campuses and their complex, interwoven systems.
Our process at SmithGroupJJR is always based on a client's unique needs. Our efforts reveal design solutions that respond to the specific architectural challenges of each and every project.
Good morning Ann Arbor! http://t.co/nKx17r0DPJ
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SmithGroupJJR Names New Firm Leaders | Architect Magazine http://t.co/jkFqPNn7cE
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text:
Page 1
arXiv:0907.3594v2 [hep-ex] 22 Jul 2009
EPJ manuscript No.
(will be inserted by the editor)
Precise measurement of Γ(K → eν(γ))/Γ(K → µν(γ)) and
study of K → eνγ
The KLOE Collaboration
F. Ambrosino3,4, A. Antonelli1, M. Antonelli1, F. Archilli8,9, P. Beltrame2, G. Bencivenni1, C. Bini6,7, C. Bloise1,
S. Bocchetta10,11, F. Bossi1, P. Branchini11, G. Capon1, D. Capriotti10T. Capussela1, F. Ceradini10,11, P. Ciambrone1,
E. De Lucia1, A. De Santis6,7, P. De Simone1, G. De Zorzi6,7, A. Denig2, A. Di Domenico6,7, C. Di Donato4, B. Di
Micco10,11, M. Dreucci1, G. Felici1, S. Fiore6,7, P. Franzini6,7, C. Gatti1, P. Gauzzi6,7, S. Giovannella1, E. Graziani11,
M. Jacewicz1, V. Kulikov13, G. Lanfranchi1, J. Lee-Franzini1,12, M. Martini1,5, P. Massarotti3,4, S. Meola3,4,
S. Miscetti1, M. Moulson1, S. M¨ uller2, F. Murtas1, M. Napolitano3,4, F. Nguyen10,11, M. Palutan1, A. Passeri11,
V. Patera1,5, P. Santangelo1, B. Sciascia1, A. Sibidanov1, T. Spadaro1, M. Testa1, L. Tortora11, P. Valente7,
G. Venanzoni1, and R. Versaci1,5
1Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell'INFN, Frascati, Italy
2Institut f¨ ur Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg - Universit¨ at Mainz, Germany
3Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche dell'Universit` a "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
4INFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
5Dipartimento di Energetica dell'Universit` a "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
6Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Universit` a "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
7INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
8Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Universit` a "Tor Vergata", Roma, Italy
9INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
10Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Universit` a "Roma Tre", Roma, Italy
11INFN Sezione di Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
12Physics Department, State University of New York, Stony Brook, USA
13Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
Received: date / Revised version: date
Abstract. We present a precise measurement of the ratio RK = Γ(K → eν(γ))/Γ(K → µν(γ)) and a
study of the radiative process K → eνγ, performed with the KLOE detector. The results are based on
data collected at the Frascati e+e−collider DAΦNE for an integrated luminosity of 2.2 fb−1. We find
RK = (2.493 ± 0.025stat ± 0.019syst) × 10−5, in agreement with the Standard Model expectation. This
result is used to improve constraints on parameters of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with
lepton flavor violation. We also measured the differential decay rate dΓ(K → eνγ)/dEγ for photon energies
10 < Eγ < 250 MeV. Results are compared with predictions from theory.
PACS. 13.20.Eb Decays of K mesons
1 Introduction
The decay K±→ e±ν is strongly suppressed, ∼few×10−5,
because of conservation of angular momentum and the
vector structure of the charged weak current. It there-
fore offers the possibility of detecting minute contributions
from physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). This is
particularly true of the ratio RK = Γ(K → eν)/Γ(K →
µν) which, in the SM, is calculable without hadronic un-
certainties [1,2]. Physics beyond the SM, for example mul-
Correspondence to: email@example.com,
ti-Higgs effects inducing an effective pseudo-scalar interac-
tion, can change the value of RK. It has been shown in Ref.
3 that deviations of RKof up to a few percent are possible
in minimal supersymmetric extensions of the SM (MSSM)
with non vanishing e-τ scalar lepton mixing. To obtain ac-
curate predictions, the radiative process K → eνγ (Ke2γ)
must be included. In Ke2γ, photons can be produced via
internal-bremsstrahlung (IB) or direct-emission (DE), the
latter being dependent on the hadronic structure. Inter-
ference among the two processes is negligible [4]. The DE
contribution to the total width is approximately equal to
that of IB [4] but is presently known with a 15% fractional
accuracy [5].
Page 2
2The KLOE Collaboration: Precise measurement of Γ(K → eν(γ))/Γ(K → µν(γ)) and study of K → eνγ
RK is defined to be inclusive of IB, ignoring how-
ever DE contributions. A recent calculation [2], which in-
cludes order e2p4corrections in chiral perturbation theory
(χPT), gives:
RKis not directly measurable, since IB cannot be distin-
guished from DE on an event-by-event basis. Therefore,
in order to compare data with the SM prediction at the
percent level or better, one has to be careful with the DE
DE can proceed through vector and axial-vector tran-
sitions, with effective coupling V and A, respectively:
?(V + A)2fDE+(x,y) + (V − A)2fDE−(x,y)?,
where GF is the Fermi coupling, θCis the Cabibbo angle
[6], x = 2Eγ/MK, y = 2Ee/MK are the dimensionless
photon and electron energies in the kaon rest frame (both
lying between 0 and 1), and
fDE+(x,y) = (x + y − 1)2(1 − x),
fDE−(x,y) = (1 − y)2(1 − x).
Terms proportional to (me/MK)2are neglected. The pho-
ton energy spectrum in the CM is shown in Fig. 1 with
its IB, DE+, and DE−contributions.2The DE terms are
evaluated with constant V, A coupling and calculated in
χPT at O(p4) [4]. We define the rate R10as:
??? ????????????
(d d
(2 MeV)
Fig. 1. CM photon spectrum for Ke2γ decay. Inner brem-
sstrahlung (IB) and positive and negative helicity direct emis-
sion (DE+and DE−) contributions are also shown.
R10= Γ(K → eν(γ), Eγ< 10 MeV)/Γ(K → µν).
The same arguments apply in principle to Γ(K → µν).
However, there is no helicity suppression in this case. IB must
be included and DE can be safely neglected.
2"+" and "−" refer to the photon helicity.
Evaluating the IB spectrum to O(αem) with resummation
of leading logarithms, R10 includes 93.57 ± 0.07% of the
The DE contribution in this range is expected to be neg-
ligible. R10 is measured without photon detection. Some
small contribution of DE is present in the selected sample.
In particular, DE decays have some overlap with the IB
emission at high pe. We have also measured the differential
Γ(K → µν)
for Eγ> 10 MeV and pe> 200 MeV requiring photon
detection, both to test χPT predictions for the DE terms
and to reduce possible systematic uncertainties on the R10
1dΓ(K → eνγ)
2 DAΦNE and KLOE
DAΦNE, the Frascati φ factory, is an e+e−collider oper-
ated at a total energy√s = mφ∼1.02 GeV. φ mesons are
produced, essentially at rest, with a visible cross section
of ∼ 3.1 µb and decay into K+K−pairs with a BR of
∼ 49%. During 2001-2005 KLOE collected an integrated
luminosity of about 2.2 fb−1, corresponding to ∼3.3 billion
of K+K−pairs. Kaons have a momentum of ∼100 MeV
corresponding to a velocity βK∼0.2. The mean kaon path
is λK∼90 cm. Observation of a K±meson signals, or tags,
the presence of a K∓meson. Kaon production and decay
are studied with the KLOE detector, consisting essentially
of a drift chamber, DC, surrounded by an electromagnetic
calorimeter, EMC. A superconducting coil provides a 0.52
T magnetic field.
The DC, see Ref. 7, is a cylinder of 4 m in diameter
and 3.3 m in length. It contains 12,582 drift cells arranged
in 58 stereo layers uniformly filling the sensitive volume.
The momentum resolution for tracks at large polar angle
is σ(p⊥/p⊥)≤0.4%.
The EMC is a lead/scintillating-fiber sampling calori-
meter [8] consisting of a barrel and two endcaps, with good
energy resolution, σE/E ∼ 5.7%/?E(GeV), and excellent
time resolution, σT = 54 ps/?E(GeV)⊕140 ps. The EMC
provides also particle identification, based on the pattern
of energy deposits in the EMC cells. An example of the
difference between electron and muon patterns is shown
in Fig. 2.
The trigger [9] uses both EMC and DC information.
Two energy deposits above threshold (E > 50 for barrel
and > 150 MeV for endcaps) are required for the EMC
trigger. The DC trigger is based on wire hit multiplicity.
The logical OR of EMC and DC triggers is used for the
measurement presented. The trigger efficiency is evaluated
from data.
Cosmic-ray rejection is performed by the trigger hard-
ware. Residual cosmic ray and machine background events
are removed by an offline software filter using calorimeter
information before track reconstruction.
Page 3
The KLOE Collaboration: Precise measurement of Γ(K → eν(γ))/Γ(K → µν(γ)) and study of K → eνγ3
020406080100 120140
Fig. 2. Energy deposit pattern in the EMC cells for a 200 MeV
electron (left) and a muon (right) from two KL → πℓν events.
The detector response is obtained by means of the
KLOE Monte Carlo (MC) simulation program Geanfi,
Ref. 10. Changes in machine parameters and background
conditions are simulated on a run-by-run basis in order to
properly take into account the induced effects.
The MC samples used for this analysis correspond to
integrated luminosities of 4.4 fb−1for the main K±decay
modes and of 500 fb−1for decays with BR's less than 10−4.
The effects of initial- and final-state radiation are included
in the simulation at the event generator level [10,11]. For
Ke2γevents, the IB component is described at O(e2) inclu-
ding resummation of leading logarithms [11], while the DE
component is described with χPT at O(e2p4) [4]. Unless
otherwise specified, when comparing data with simulation
we rescale MC samples to an integrated luminosity of 2.2
fb−1, assume the SM value for RK, and use the theoretical
prediction for the DE/IB fraction.
3 Selection of leptonic kaon decays
K±decays are signaled by the observation of two tracks
with the following conditions. One track must originate
at the interaction point (IP) and have momentum in the
interval {70, 130} MeV, consistent with being a kaon from
φ-decay. The second track must originate at the end of the
previous track and have momentum larger than that of the
kaon, with the same charge. The second track is taken as a
decay product of the kaon. The point of closest approach
of the two tracks is taken as the kaon decay point D and
must satisfy 40< rD<150 cm, |zD| <80 cm. The geomet-
rical acceptance with these conditions is ∼56%, while the
decay point reconstruction efficiency is ∼51%. From the
measured kaon and decay particle momenta, pKand pd,
we compute the squared mass m2
decay K → ℓν assuming zero missing mass:
ℓof the lepton for the
ℓ= (EK− |pK− pd|)2− p2
ℓis shown in Fig. 3, upper curve,
from MC simulation. The muon peak is quite evident,
higher masses corresponding to non leptonic and semilep-
tonic decays. No signal of the K → eν (Ke2) decay is
visible. The very large background around zero mass is
the tail of the K → µν (Kµ2) peak, due to poor measure-
ments of pK, pd or the decay angle, αKd. The expected
The distribution of m2
signal from Ke2γis also shown in Fig. 3, lower curves, sep-
arately for Eγ>10 and <10 MeV. The expected number
of Ke2 decays in the sample is ∼30,000. A background
rejection of at least 1000 is necessary, to obtain a 1% pre-
cision measurement of Γ(Ke2), with an efficiency of ∼30%.
(MeV )
Events/(1360 MeV )
010,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000
Fig. 3. MC distribution of m2
Ke2γ with Eγ < 10 MeV (> 10 MeV) is shown by the dashed
(dotted) lines.
ℓ, solid line. The contribution of
The kinematics of the two-body decay φ → K+K−
provides an additional measurement of pK. The kaon mo-
mentum at the IP is computed from its direction at the
IP and the known value of the φ 4-momentum.3The com-
puted value is extrapolated to the decay point D, account-
ing for K energy losses in the material traversed. These
are relevant, since the kaon velocity is ∼ 0.2. The mate-
rial amount traversed has been determined to within 1%,
thus reducing its contribution to the momentum resolu-
tion to below 0.5 MeV. The total resolution of the mea-
surement is ∼ 1 MeV, comparable with that from track
reconstruction. We require the two pK determinations to
agree within 5 MeV.
Further cuts are applied to the daughter track. Reso-
lution of track parameters is improved by rejecting badly
reconstructed tracks, i.e., with χ2(track fit)/ndf > 7.5.
Events with poorly determined decay angles are mostly
due to tracks with improper left-right assignment in the
reconstruction of the DC hits. This happens often when a
large majority of the hits associated to the daughter track
are on a single stereo view. These events are removed by
a cut on the the fractional difference of the number of hits
on each stereo view.
Finally, using the expected errors on pK and pdfrom
tracking, we compute event by event the error on m2
The distribution of δm2
ℓdepends slightly on the opening
angle αKd, which in turn has different distribution for Ke2
and Kµ2. Events with large value of δm2
ℓ, δm2
ℓare rejected:
3The average value of φ 4-momentum is determined on a
run-by-run basis from Bhabha events, while event-by-event
fluctuations are dominated by the beam energy spread.
Page 4
4The KLOE Collaboration: Precise measurement of Γ(K → eν(γ))/Γ(K → µν(γ)) and study of K → eνγ
equalize the losses due to this cut for Ke2and Kµ2.
The effect of quality cuts on m2
Fig. 4. The background in the Ke2signal region is effec-
tively reduced by more than one order of magnitude with
an efficiency of ∼70% for both Ke2and Kµ2.
ℓ< δmax, with δmax defined as a function of αKd, to
ℓresolution is shown in
m2(MeV )
Events/(1360 MeV )
?50000 5000 10000 1500020000
Fig. 4. m2
cuts for MC Kµ2 (upper plots) and Ke2 with Eγ < 10 MeV
(lower plots). Black dots represent data after quality cuts.
ℓspectrum before (dashed) and after (solid) quality
Information from the EMC is also used to improve
background rejection. To this purpose, we extrapolate the
secondary track to the EMC surface and associate it to a
nearby EMC cluster. This requirement produces a signal
loss of about 8%.
Energy distribution and position along the shower axis
of all cells associated to the cluster allow for e/µ par-
ticle identification. For electrons, the cluster energy Ecl
is a measurement of the particle momentum pd, so that
Ecl/pdpeaks around 1, while for muons Ecl/pdis on av-
erage smaller than 1. Moreover, electron clusters can also
be distinguished from µ (or π) clusters by exploiting the
granularityof the EMC: electrons shower and deposit their
energy mainly in the first plane of EMC, while muons be-
have like minimum ionizing particles in the first plane and
deposit a sizeable fraction of their kinetic energy from the
third plane onward, when they are slowed down to rest
(Bragg's peak), see Fig. 2.
All useful information about shower profile and total
energy deposition are combined with a 12-25-20-1 struc-
ture neural network trained on KL→ πℓν and Kµ2data,
taking into account variations of the EMC response with
momentum and impact angle on the calorimeter. The dis-
tribution of the neural network output, NN, for a sample
of KL → πeν events is shown in Fig. 5, for data and
MC. Additional separation has been obtained using time
of flight information. The data distribution of NN as func-
tion of m2
ℓis shown in Fig. 6. A clear K → eν signal can
be seen at m2
ℓ∼ 0 and NN ∼ 1.
0.00.4 0.60.81.01.2 0.2
Fig. 5. Neural-network output, NN, for electrons of a KL →
πeν sample from data (black) and MC (red).
?8000 ?6000 ?4000 ?200002000 4000
(MeV )
counts/350 MeV /0.02
Fig. 6. Data density in the NN, m2
Some 32% of the events with a K decay in the fidu-
cial volume, have a reconstructed kink matching the re-
quired quality criteria and an EMC cluster associated to
the lepton track; this holds for both Ke2and Kµ2. In the
selected sample, the contamination from K decays other
than Kℓ2is negligible, as evaluated from MC. R10, Eq. 4,
is obtained without requiring the presence of the radiated
photon. The number of K → eν(γ), is determined with
a binned likelihood fit to the two-dimensional NNvs m2
distribution. Distribution shapes for signal and Kµ2back-
ground are taken from MC; the normalization factors for
the two components are the only fit parameters. The fit
has been performed in the region −3700 < m2
MeV2and NN > 0.86. The fit region accepts ∼ 90%
of K → eν(γ) events with Eγ < 10 MeV, as evaluated
from MC. A small fraction of fitted K → eν(γ) events
have Eγ > 10 MeV: the value of this "contamination",
fDE, is fixed in the fit to the expectation from simulation,
fDE= 10.2%. A systematic error related to this assump-
tion is discussed in Sect. 5.
ℓ< 6100
We count 7064±102 K+→ e+ν(γ) events and 6750±
101 K−→ e−¯ ν(γ), 89.8% of which have Eγ < 10 MeV.
The signal-to-background correlation is ∼ 20% and the
Page 5
The KLOE Collaboration: Precise measurement of Γ(K → eν(γ))/Γ(K → µν(γ)) and study of K → eνγ5
(MeV )
Events/700 MeV2
(MeV )
?200002000 40006000
Events/700 MeV2
Fig. 7. Fit projections onto the m2
and Kµ2 background (dotted line). The contribution from Ke2 events with Eγ > 10 MeV is visible in the left panel (dashed
ℓaxis for NN > 0.98 (left) and NN < 0.98 (right), for data (black dots), MC fit (solid line),
χ2/ndf is 113/112 for K+and 140/112 for K−.4Fig. 7
shows the sum of fit results for K+and K−projected onto
the m2
ℓaxis in a signal (NN > 0.98) and a background
(NN < 0.98) region. The residual contribution of Ke2γ
events with Eγ> 10 MeV is also shown.
The number of Kµ2 events is obtained from a fit to
the m2
ℓdistribution. The fraction of background events
under the muon peak is estimated from MC to be less than
one per mil. We count 2.878 × 108(2.742 × 108) K+→
µ+ν(γ) (K−→ µ−¯ ν(γ)) events. The difference between
K+and K−counts is due to K−nuclear interactions in
the material traversed.
3.1 Ke2γ event counting
In order to study Ke2γ decays, we apply the same selec-
tion criteria as for Ke2, but a tighter PID cut, NN > 0.98.
We also require one and only one photon in time with
the K decay. Photons are identified by selecting a clus-
ter with energy greater than 20 MeV. This requirement
reduces machine background and suppresses most of the
IB events, leaving a sample dominated by direct emission
process (DE). Moreover, the difference between the pho-
ton and the electron measured time of flight has to lie
within two standard deviations from its expected value.
The fraction of signal events satisfying all of these ad-
ditional requests is ∼ 25%. The m2
selected events is shown in Fig. 8 for data and MC. Ke2γ
decays with pe> 200 MeV and pe< 200 MeV are shown
separately. The high-momentum component is dominated
by DE+process, DE−accounting for 2% only (Eq. 2),
and is the only relevant for the systematic related to the
R10 measurement: high pe values correspond to low val-
ues of m2
ℓwhere the Ke2signal lies. The low-momentum
component, with contributions from both DE+and DE−
processes, is completely overwhelmed by Ke3events with
one undetected photon from π0decay.
ℓdistribution for the
4The χ2/ndf of the K−fit improves to 114/98 for a fit range
NN > 0.88, with negligible difference in the measured value for
Events/4000 MeV2
0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000
(MeV )
Fig. 8. m2
line) for events with a detected photon. MC Ke2γ events with
pe< 200 MeV (gray), pe> 200 MeV (dashed) and Ke3 events
(dot-dashed) are shown separately.
ℓdistribution for data (black dots) and MC (solid
Further rejection of Ke3events is provided by kinemat-
ics. The photon energy in the laboratoty frame, Eγ(lab),
can be calculated for Ke2γdecays from the measured pho-
ton direction, the kaon momentum pK and the electron
momentum pe, with a resolution of ∼ 12 MeV. The reso-
lution on ∆E = Eγ(lab)−Eγ, EMCis that of the calorime-
ter, σ ∼ 30 MeV for Eγ(lab) = 200 MeV. The number of
Ke2γ events is found from a binned likelihood fit in the
ℓplane. This provides a better signal to noise
figure, compared to using cuts on ∆E and m2
tion shapes for signal and Kµ2and Ke3backgrounds are
taken from MC. The amounts of the three components are
the fit parameters.
For the measurement of the differential width, Eq. 6,
we boost Eγ(lab) to the kaon rest frame (Eγ) and perform
independent fits for five Eγbins between 10 MeV and the
kinematic limit, as defined in Table 1. For each Eγ bin,
we are able to extract the number of Ke2γ events with
pe> 200 MeV. Because of limited statistics, the counting
is done combining the kaon charges. Results are listed in
Table 1. The total Ke2γ count, with Eγ > 10 MeV and
ℓ. Distribu-
Page 6
6The KLOE Collaboration: Precise measurement of Γ(K → eν(γ))/Γ(K → µν(γ)) and study of K → eνγ
Eγ (MeV)
Signal counts
10 to 50
50 to 100
100 to 150
150 to 200
200 to 250
Table 1. Fit results for the number of Ke2γ events with pe > 200 MeV, in five Eγ energy bins.
pe> 200 MeV, is 1484±63 events. Fig. 9 shows the sum
of the fit results on all of the Eγbins, projected onto the
∆E/σ axis for the signal region (top), defined as m2
8000 MeV2or 14000 < m2
background region (bottom). In the latter, Kµ2dominate
the region 8000 < m2
the region above 20000 MeV2(see Fig. 8).
ℓ< 20000 MeV2, and for the
ℓ< 14000 MeV2, while Ke3dominate
¢ /
¢ /
Fig. 9. Ke2γ fit projections onto the ∆E/σ(∆E) axis for the
signal region (as defined in the text, top) and background re-
gion (bottom) for data (black dots), MC fit (solid line), Kµ2
(dashed line) and Ke3 (gray line). All Eγ bins are added.
4 Efficiency
The ratios of Ke2to Kµ2and Ke2γto Kµ2efficiencies are
evaluated with MC and corrected for possible differences
between data and MC, using control samples. We evaluate
data-MC corrections separately for each of the following
analysis steps: decay point reconstruction (kink), quality
cuts, cluster-charged particle association; for Ke2γevents,
the efficiency for selection of a photon cluster is added,
too. For each step, the correction is defined as the ratio of
data and MC efficiencies measured on the control sample,
each folded with the proper kinematic spectrum of Ke2
(or Kµ2) events.
Decay point reconstruction efficiencies are evaluated
using pure samples of Kµ2and Ke3; these are tagged by
the identification of the two-body decay, Kµ2or K → ππ0
(Kπ2), of the other kaon [12] and selected with tagging and
EMC information only, without using tracking.
A 99.5% pure K±
plus one and only one EMC cluster with energy E > 90
MeV, not due to the tagging kaon decay products. The
properties of the selected Kµ2 event are evaluated using
time and position of the cluster and the kaon momentum
obtained from the tagging (with 1% resolution). The muon
momentum and the decay point position are determined
a priori, without using the kaon and electron tracks, with
a resolution of about 5 MeV and about 2 cm, respectively.
The tracking efficiency is determined as a function of the
decay point position and the decay angle, by counting the
number of events in which a kink is reconstructed out of
the number of Kµ2candidate events.
tecting the photons from π0decay with time of flights
consistent with a single point in the tagged kaon track ob-
tained from the tagging kaon. Second, a third cluster with
energy, time, and position consistent with the expectation
from a Ke3decay is selected. The electron momentum and
the kaon decay point are determined a priori with a reso-
lution of ∼20 MeV (dominated by the measurement of π0
momentum) and ∼2 cm, respectively.
The corrections to MC efficiencies range between 0.90
and 0.99 depending on the decay point position and on
the decay angle. The simulation is less accurate in case of
overlap between lepton and kaon tracks, and with decays
occurring close to the inner border of the fiducial volume.
Samples of KL(e3), KL(µ3), and Kµ2 decays with a
purity of 99.5%, 95.4%, and 100.0% respectively, are used
to evaluate lepton cluster efficiencies. These samples are
selected using tagging and DC information only, without
using calorimeter, see Refs. 13–15. The efficiency has been
evaluated as a function of the particle momentum sepa-
rately for barrel and endcap. The correction to MC ef-
ficiencies ranges between 0.98 and 1.01 depending on the
momentum and on the point of impact on the calorimeter.
The single-photon detection efficiency for data and MC
is evaluated as a function of photon energy using Kπ2
events, in which one of the two photons from π0decay is
identified, allowing an a priori determination of the po-
sition and of the energy of the second one. The average
correction factor to MC efficiency is ∼0.98.
The trigger efficiency has been evaluated solely from
data. The probabilities ǫTRG
trigger condition to be satisfied in a DC-triggered (EMC-
triggered) event are evaluated in Ke2-enriched and Kµ2-
pure samples. The efficiency for the logical OR of the EMC
and DC trigger conditions is given by ǫTRG
DC, and it is ∼ 0.99 for both Ke2 and Kµ2,
µ2sample is obtained with K∓tagging
e3decays are selected in K∓tagged events first de-
DC) for the EMC (DC)
EMC+ ǫTRG
EMC× ǫTRG
Page 7
The KLOE Collaboration: Precise measurement of Γ(K → eν(γ))/Γ(K → µν(γ)) and study of K → eνγ7
with a ratio ǫTRG(Ke2)/ǫTRG(Kµ2) = 0.9988(5). A possi-
ble bias on the previous result due to correlation between
EMC and DC triggers is also taken into account, which is
evaluated to be 0.997(1) using MC simulation.
The event losses induced by the cosmic veto applied at
the trigger level and by the background rejection filter ap-
plied offline (FILFO) are evaluated from samples of down-
scaled events, in which the veto conditions are registered
but not enforced. The ratio of Ke2to Kµ2efficiencies are
1.0013(2) and 0.999(4) for cosmic veto and FILFO, respec-
tively. The statistical error due to the FILFO correction
is 0.4%, and dominates the total uncertainty in trigger,
cosmic veto, and FILFO corrections.
5 Systematic errors
The absolute values of all of the systematic uncertainties
on R10and Rγ, the integral of Eq. 6 for Eγ> 10 MeV, are
listed in Table 2; as a comparison, the statistical uncer-
tainty is reported as well. All of the sources of systematic
error are discussed below.
0.066Statistical error
Systematic error
e,µ cluster
γ cluster
Total systematic error
Table 2. Summary of statistical and systematic uncertainties
on the measurements of R10 and Rγ.
To minimize possible biases on Ke2event counting due
to the limited knowledge of the momentum resolution, we
used Kµ2data to carefully tune the MC response on the
tails of the m2
ℓdistribution. This has been performed in
sidebands of the NN variable, to avoid bias due to the
presence of Ke2signal. Similarly, for the NN distribution
the EMC response in the MC has been tuned at the level of
single cell, using Kℓ3data control samples. Residual differ-
ences between data and MC Ke2and Kµ2NN shapes have
been corrected by using the same control samples. Finally,
to evaluate the systematic error associated with these pro-
cedures, we studied the variation of the results with dif-
ferent choices of fit range, corresponding to a change of
overall purity from ∼ 75% to ∼ 10%, for K → eν(γ) with
Eγ< 10 MeV, and from ∼ 31% to ∼ 10%, for K → eν(γ)
with Eγ > 10 MeV and pe > 200 MeV. The results are
stable within statistical fluctuations. A systematic uncer-
tainty of ∼ 0.3% for both R10 and dRγ/dEγ, indepen-
dently on Eγ, is derived by scaling the uncorrelated errors
so that the reduced χ2value equals unity (see also Table
Ke2event counting is also affected by the uncertainty
on fDE, the fraction of Ke2events in the fit region which
are due to DE process. This error has been evaluated by
repeating the measurement of R10with values of fDEvar-
ied within its uncertainty, which is ∼ 4% according to our
measurement of the Ke2γdifferential spectrum (Sects. 3.1
and 6). Since the m2
ℓdistributions for Ke2γwith Eγ< 10
MeV and with Eγ > 10 MeV overlap only partially, the
associated fractional variation on R10is reduced: the final
error due to DE uncertainty is 0.2% (Table 2).
Different contributions to the systematic uncertainty
on ǫe2/ǫµ2are listed in Table 2. These errors are domina-
ted by the statistics of the control samples used to correct
the MC evaluations. In addition, we studied the variation
of each correction with modified control-sample selection
criteria. We found neglible contributions in all cases but
for the kink and quality cuts corrections, for which the
bias due to the control-sample selection and the statistics
contribute at the same level.
The total systematic error is ∼ 0.8% for both R10and
Rγ measurements, to be compared with statistical accu-
racies at the level of ∼ 1% and ∼ 4%, respectively. As
a further cross-check on the results, and particularly on
the criteria adopted to obtain the data/MC corrections,
we measured with the same analysis method the ratio
Rℓ3= Γ(Ke3)/Γ(Kµ3). We found Rℓ3= 1.507 ± 0.005stat
and Rℓ3 = 1.510 ± 0.006stat for K+and K−. These re-
sults agree within the quoted accuracy with the value ex-
pected from the world-average form-factor slope measure-
ments [16], Rℓ3= 1.506± 0.003.
6 Results and interpretation
6.1 RK and lepton-flavor violation
The number of K → eν(γ) events with Eγ < 10 MeV,
the number of K → µν(γ) events, the ratio of Ke2 to
Kµ2efficiencies and the measurement of R10are given in
Table 3 for K+, K−and both charges combined. K+and
K−results are consistent within the statistical error. The
systematic uncertainty is common to both charges.
To compare the R10 measurement with the inclusive
RK prediction from SM, we take into account the accep-
tance of the 10 MeV cut for IB, Eq. 5. We obtain:
RK= (2.493 ± 0.025stat± 0.019syst) × 10−5,
in agreement with SM prediction of Eq. 1. In the frame-
work of MSSM with lepton-flavor violating (LFV) cou-
plings, RK can be used to set constraints in the space of
relevant parameters, using the following expression [3]:
1 +
Ris the effective
where MHis the charged-Higgs mass, ∆31
e-τ coupling constant depending on MSSM parameters,
and tanβ is the ratio of the two Higgs superfields vacuum
expectation values. The regions excluded at 95% C.L. in
the plane MH–tanβ are shown in Fig. 10 for different
values of the effective LFV coupling ∆31
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8The KLOE Collaboration: Precise measurement of Γ(K → eν(γ))/Γ(K → µν(γ)) and study of K → eνγ
2.878 × 108
2.742 × 108
5.620 × 108
6348 ± 92 ± 23
6064 ± 91 ± 22
12412 ± 129 ± 45
0.944 ± 0.003 ± 0.007
0.949 ± 0.002 ± 0.007
0.947 ± 0.002 ± 0.007
(2.336 ± 0.033 ± 0.019) × 10−5
(2.330 ± 0.035 ± 0.019) × 10−5
(2.333 ± 0.024 ± 0.019) × 10−5
Table 3. Number of Ke2 and Kµ2 events, efficiency ratios and results for R10 for K+, K−, and both charges combined; first
error is statistical, second one is systematic.
200 400 600800
∆13= 10-3
∆13= 5 10-4
∆13= 10-4
charged Higgs mass (GeV )
tan( )
Fig. 10. Excluded regions at 95% C.L. in the plane MH–tanβ
for ∆31
6.2 Measurement of dRγ/dEγ
Results on the differential spectrum are given in Table 4.
For each Eγbin we measure ∆Rγ, the integral of dRγ/dEγ
over the bin width. In Fig. 11 top, our measurements are
Eγ (MeV)
10 to 50
50 to 100
100 to 150
150 to 200
200 to 250
∆Rγ (10−6)
Table 4. dRγ/dEγ results. Most of the efficiency ratio error
is common to all energy bins.
compared to the prediction from χPT at O(p4) [4] and
from the Light Front Quark model (LFQ) of Ref. 17. In-
tegrating over Eγfrom 10 MeV to 250 MeV, we obtain:
Rγ= (1.483 ± 0.066stat± 0.013syst) × 10−5,
in agreement with the prediction Rγ= 1.447×10−5, which
is obtained using the values for the effective couplings (V
and A) from O(e2p4) χPT [4] and using world-average
values for all of the other relevant parameters. The Rγ
prediction includes a 1.32(1)% contribution from IB. This
result confirms within a 4% error the amount of DE com-
ponent in our MC.
Âe p
2 4
e p
2 6
Fig. 11. ∆Rγ = [1/Γ(Kµ2)] × [dΓ(Ke2γ/dEγ] vs Eγ. On top
data (black dots) are compared to χPT predictions at O(e2p4)
and to the LFQ model, see text. At the bottom data are fitted
to χPT at O(e2p6). The IB contribution is shown (red line).
The comparison of the measured spectrum with the
χPT prediction shown in Fig. 11 top suggests the presence
of a form factor, giving a dependence of the effective cou-
plings on the transeferred momentum, W2= M2
as predicted by χPT at O(e2p6) [17]. The form-factor pa-
rameters are obtained by fitting the measured Eγ distri-
bution with the theoretical differential decay width given
in Eq. 2, with the vector effective coupling expanded at
first order in x: V = V0(1 + λ(1 − x)). The axial effec-
tive coupling A is assumed to be independent on W as
predicted by χPT at O(e2p6) [17]. The small contribution
from DE−transition to our selected events does not allow
a fit to the related V − A component. Therefore, in the
fit V0− A is kept fixed at the expectation from χPT at
O(e2p4), while V0+A and λ are the free parameters. The
result of this fit is shown in Fig. 11 bottom. We obtain:
K(1 − x),
V0+ A = 0.125 ± 0.007stat± 0.001syst,
λ = 0.38 ± 0.20stat± 0.02syst,
with a correlation of -0.93 and a χ2/ndof = 1.97/3. Our fit
confirms at ∼ 2σ the presence of a slope in the vector form
factor, in agreement with the value from χPT at O(e2p6),
λ ∼ 0.4.
Page 9
The KLOE Collaboration: Precise measurement of Γ(K → eν(γ))/Γ(K → µν(γ)) and study of K → eνγ9
7 Conclusions
We have performed a comprehensive study of the process
Ke2γ. We have measured the ratio of Ke2γand Kµ2widths
for photon energies smaller than 10 MeV, without photon
detection requirement. We find:
R10= (2.333 ± 0.024stat± 0.019stat) × 10−5.
From this result we derive the inclusive ratio RK to be
compared with the SM prediction:
RK= (2.493 ± 0.025stat± 0.019syst) × 10−5,
in excellent agreement with the SM prediction
Our result improves the accuracy with which RKis known
by a factor of 5 with respect to the present world average
and allows severe constraints to be set on new physics
contributions in the MSSM with lepton flavor violating
couplings as shown in Fig. 10.
To obtain the value of RK from the measurement of
R10knowledge of radiative effects is required for both in-
ner bremsstrahlung and direct emission. The latter is im-
portant for the helicity suppressed K → eν decay but is
not precisely known nor the differential width has ever
been measured. We have therefore measured the differen-
tial decay width for Ke2γas a function of Eγ, normalized
to Kµ2, in the momentum region pe > 200 MeV, in the
kaon rest frame. Our result for the direct emission width
is in agreement with the expectation from χPT and gives
an indication of the presence of O(e2p6) contributions.
Acknowledgements We thank the DAΦNE team for
their efforts in maintaining low background running con-
ditions and their collaboration during all data-taking. We
want to thank our technical staff: G. F. Fortugno and
F. Sborzacchi for their dedicated work to ensure an effi-
cient operation of the KLOE Computing Center; M. Anelli
for his continuous support to the gas system and the safety
of the detector; A. Balla, M. Gatta, G. Corradi and G. Pa-
palino for the maintenance of the electronics; M. Santoni,
G. Paoluzzi and R. Rosellini for the general support to
the detector; C. Piscitelli for his help during major main-
tenance periods. This work was supported in part by EU-
RODAPHNE, contract FMRX-CT98-0169; by the Ger-
man Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
contract 06-KA-957; by the German Research Foundation
(DFG),'Emmy Noether Programme', contracts DE839/1-
1. W.J. Marciano and A. Sirlin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 71 (1993)
3629; M. Finkemeier, Phys. Lett. B 387 (1996) 391.
2. V. Cirigliano and I. Rosell, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 (2007)
3. A. Masiero, P. Paradisi and R. Petronzio, JHEP 0811
(2008) 042
4. J. Bijnens, G. Colangelo,
arXiv:hep-ph/9411311. Published in 2nd DAPHNE Physics
5. J. Heintze et al., Nucl. Phys. B 149 (1979) 365.
6. N. Cabibbo, Phys. Rev. Lett. 10 (1963) 531.
7. M. Adinolfi, et al., KLOE Coll.,Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 488
(2002) 51.
8. M. Adinolfi, et al., KLOE Coll.,Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 482
(2002) 364.
9. M. Adinolfi, et al., KLOE Coll., Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A
492 (2002) 134.
10. F. Ambrosino, et al., KLOE Coll., Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A
534 (2004) 403.
11. C. Gatti, Eur. Phys. J. C 45, 417 (2006).
12. F. Ambrosino et al., KLOE Coll., JHEP 02 (2008) 098
13. F. Ambrosino et al., KLOE Coll., Phys. Lett., B 632
(2006) 4350
14. F. Ambrosino et al., KLOE Coll., Phys. Lett. B 636, 166
15. F. Ambrosino et al., KLOE Coll., JHEP 12 (2007) 105
16. M. Antonelli et al. arXiv:0801.1817 [hep-ph].
17. C.H. Chen, C.Q. Geng and C.C. Lih, Phys. Rev. D 77
(2008) 014004.
G. Ecker and J. Gasser,


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7 people found this helpful
"Scrappy, humble, driven company. Great place to launch a career (particularly in finance); tough place to stay "
- Comp & Benefits
- Work/Life Balance
- Senior Management
- Culture & Values
- Career Opportunities
I have been working at EY (more than 5 years)Pros
If you're interested in a career in finance or in any sort of regulation-driven, compliance-oriented work, run (don't walk) to EY and beat down the door until they let you in. Incredible brand and network in this space. Tough to beat our Risk practice, and our Transaction practice has a solid niche in the market even if their work and their sub-culture are a bit cold and task oriented that feels, well, transactional.
If you're skilled in one of it's prioritized growth areas (Purpose, Digital/Innovation, Strategy, SAP) - give EY serious consideration. You'll likely need to tolerate a few bumps in the road early on, and an anti-intellectual culture that's off-the-charts on any risk aversion scale (from CEO to Manager levels at least). HOWEVER - if you actually know your stuff and are capable of delivering on what you promise, you will make it through the other side and find a sea of opportunity with a remarkable amount of support and limited (real) competition for resources. This is also true to a lesser extent for the Supply Chain and Customer competencies, and the prioritized sectors (Life Sci, Healthcare, CPG, etc.)Cons
If you are an opportunity oriented person eager to work on top-line growth problems and you're ambivalent about increasing efficiency/profit (in both your own work and in your clients) run from EY like as though it was on fire. The only thing EY hates more than risk is new. Our partnership continues to demonstrate they they will only change when things become so painful that the market has left them no other option. And, usually, any option the market leaves behind is pretty cruddy.
The Assurance Service Line spent the first 6 years of the Advisory Service Line's rebirth finding ways to exert it's dominance over this up-start business. Now that expectations have been set that roles will need to reverse, it seems they're having a hard time letting go and allowing the balance to fall into some sort of natural equilibrium.
The business continues to support decisions that seem to run counter to the best interests of the firm as a whole. For instance - why do we continue to audit Oracle when we could make 1000x more (and likely add more value to Oracle) by building a proper global technology advisory practice? Why do we continue to audit Salesforce.com when we could likely make 100x more by building a proper salesforce implementation practice?Advice to ManagementAdvice
Great job marketing the Purpose concept, this is the right way to establish a brand and set your Partners/Principles up for success with clients. Kudos for hiring and promoting high performing women, please continue!! Keep up the fantastic progress with Advisory's "Quest" program for entry level consultant hires. Continue thinning under-performing Partners/Principals/EDs (especially those failing to drive sales, and those burning their people out). Continue looking to drive margin improvements. Continue using any margin improvements we earn to bring our pay and benefits back up to, or perhaps even above, market standards (for competitive markets like the 10 largest cities in the US).
Learn to walk-the-walk now that you've mastered talking-the-talk. Get rid of all the waste caused by internal middle management in the Americas region; e.g. Why do we need Regional Service Line leaders AND cross-service line leaders (both Office Leaders AND Region Leaders)? Would think we could do just fine with the Region and office leaders. Why do we need separate deal review processes that are different for every Region in the Americas?? And different from all the other global Areas? Take final say on pricing power away from GCSPs - they're pricing you out of business before your people even talk to clients. Be very cautious of placing outside hires into leadership positions before they've had a chance to fully understand EY's culture.
Let the also-rans take the low-growth businesses, even if they're profitable today; earning twice the revenue makes up for half the profitability (to say nothing of making 10x the revenue). Stop being so afraid of your home-grown talent, even if it was grown within Advisory. Stop being afraid of folks that came from top schools, those universities are at the top for a reason. Give your employees help to understand and follow the draconian independence and compliance rules you enforce, rather that just up-and-firing folks, or putting them in a one-year embargo period to prevent them from being promoted to Partner.
And, most importantly, learn how to listen to those poor equity-less sods doing your dirty work, even if you weren't prepared for feedback. The best ideas come from the people who have the right context, not just the ones who decided to show up on the forced Idea-Jam sessions you sponsor.RecommendsNegative OutlookNo opinion of CEO


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"How To Shoot A Gun Awesomely – Dry Fire Training Technique"
First seen on ENDO.
Images & News of (mostly) Female Competition Shooters
"How To Shoot A Gun Awesomely – Dry Fire Training Technique"
First seen on ENDO.
Michelle Viscusi was at SHOT for Team Glock, signing autographs and being her generally friendly self.
GunDoll and Anette Watcher (30CalGal) at SHOT Show 2015. Anette is a competition shooter on the US National Rifle Team with a very respectable record.
This was shared with me, originally from 9Gag, and a quick search found some news on her.
At the time of the article below, she had only been shooting for ten years but had won over 25 national championships.
huffingtonpost.com Chandro Tomar, 78-Year-Old Indian Grandmother, May Be World's Oldest Sharpshooter 2012-03-25
Miss Battle Born is disappointed with the self healing target she purchased. We like them – they aren't fantastic, but we don't use them with pistol calibers nor at such close range. These targets are convenient when you don't want to potentially litter and when you have an impromptu range day with just what we happen to have in the vehicle.
Falia's reviews are quite decent, to the point, and not long-winded. Her web site isn't kept up to date but you can find her on Facebook as Falia Leigh.
Falia Reviews (Falia Photography) on the Jack Carbine from Haley Strategic Partners & Bravo Company Manufacturing.
Jessie Duff was on Hannity in January. Found on Heels and Handguns.
In this video on the Fox News show, Hannity. She really demonstrates the difference in various guns, and why banning an AR-15 will not do anything.
Jessie Duff (formerly known as both Jessie Abbate and Jessie Harrison-Duff) has had some bad luck in the background of her shooting career (resulting in a divorce from and jail time for her ex husband). In the spotlight, she made a big name for herself on Team Glock but left them when they refused to allow her to wear the name of a secondary endorser. She spent time on Team Smith & Wesson before winding up on her current team with Team Taurus. With Taurus she earned the coveted Ladies Steel Master title for the sixth year in a row. Her list of recent accomplishments are amazing but it isn't anything new, she has half a decade of wins on her shooting resume.
There is no argument her shooting skills are impressive and she is easy on the eyes but can she teach? Pantaeo Productions released a DVD (when she was still known as Abbate) and it doesn't disappoint. The dvd is available for $49.99 and is a good primer on starting in competition shooting. These are a few of her quick (under a minute) tips from Pantaeo Productions.
You can keep up with her at www.jessieduff.net.
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Posted by Will Brinson
We knew Tuesday's free-agency action wasn't going to be "calm." But man-oh-man did things heat up late, what with the Panthers dropping the equivalent of Charlotte's gross annual income on defensive end Charles Johnson, and the Redskins and Ravens making moves for their own free agents.
If anything, it showed that teams who have favorable relationships with their current players did get a bit of an advantage during this hectic offseason. But what about teams who need to find help -- specifically, quarterback help -- from the outside? Well, there's a market, but it's percolating more often than my coffee pot Tuesday.
So let's break down the values of the three biggest names out there, shall we?
Kevin Kolb
Kolb's the hottest target on the market, but is he the quarterback most guaranteed to succeed with a new team next year? Not necessarily, but it doesn't matter.
His value's done nothing but skyrocket since the lockout began, and it sure does seem like all the reports that he's locked into the Cardinals will come into fruition.
The Cardinals are reportedly keeping their options open -- Kent Somers of the Arizona Republic reported on Tuesday that Arizona was talking with Denver about Kyle Orton as well as discussing the possibility of adding Marc Bulger and Matt Hasselbeck -- but the reality is they're not just trying to secure a quarterback for 2011.
They're also trying to secure a quarterback for the future and make sure they don't risk losing superstar wide receiver Larry Fitzgerald to the open market should he become disgruntled.
Lest you think that matters to the Cardinals, who were in the Super Bowl just a few years ago, wait until push comes to shove and the marketplace starts to bear itself out.
For now, Arizona's front office can pretend to play chicken with the Eagles in a deal for Kolb. Once things become a little clearer and quarterbacks begin aligning with various teams (see: Seattle jumping on the bandwagon that is Tarvaris Jackson) there won't be nearly enough leverage hanging out there for the Cardinals to lean on.
Potential Suitors: Arizona Cardinals, Miami Dolphins
Best Bet: It's the Cards by a longshot now that the Seahawks are ruled out. Miami could come sprinting around the turn at the last minute, but at this point it would be a borderline surprise if Kolb wasn't traded to Arizona.
Kyle Orton
Orton's the de facto red herring for the Cards (see: above) apparently, but if you poll most folks, they'll probably at least agree he can be as productive in the right system as Kolb.
In fact, Orton's piled up more than 3,500 yards and 20 touchdowns each of the last two years. And get THIS: each of those years equated to a large total of both yardage and touchdowns than Kolb has in his entire career.
Yes I'm aware that Kolb's only started seven games in his four years in the league and, yes, I'm aware that he's had a rough go of things given that no one really saw Michael Vick usurping his would-be throne in Philly.
But none of that bad luck guarantees that he'll succeed any more than someone like Orton who has two clear-cut years of production in the right system.
My counting-stats rant aside, Kolb's still the top guy available, but there's definitely a market for Orton. And one spot that really makes sense is Miami, where the Dolphins have struggled since Dan Marino retired to find a suitable replacement under center.
Those struggles have manifested themselves in the continual wasting of second-round picks and -- lo and behold! -- that's exactly what everyone thinks Denver wants in return for Orton.
Rather than gambling on another rookie down the road, it seems reasonable that Miami could invest another second-rounder in Orton. Unless Stephen Ross is as obsessed with Vince Young as Bud Adams anyway.
Potential Suitors: Miami Dolphins, Arizona Cardinals
Best Bet: The Fins. Orton's a better bet than either Vince Young or Matt Moore and, again, it's "just" a second-rounder.
Donovan McNabb:
Which brings us to this guy. Poor Donovan hasn't had the easiest year in the world -- he's been mortified by Mike Shanhan and the Redskins coaching staff on national television (seriously: wouldn't you rather get pansted in DuPont Circle than get yanked mid-game for Rex Grossman?) and basically been castoff into free-agent oblivion.
There's even been talk of retirement. But the talk today has circled primarily around the Vikings. Which -- of course -- is where McNabb was supposed to go all along.
There was no deal finalized on Tuesday and/or even agreed to, but it's looking like Minnesota will bring in McNabb to try and provide a stabilizing veteran presence on the roster.
Christian Ponder's obviously the future, and I agree with my life coach Pete Prisco that he's the best-suited rookie quarterback to succeed from Day 1.
But that doesn't mean rookie coach Leslie Frazier shouldn't have a backup option in place should he find out that Ponder's not ready quite yet.
Plus, the two teams play on Christmas Eve, man. And that's something that just has to happen in terms of potential revenge games that may or may not feature McNabb running over Ponder's foot the week of the game just to get the start.
For all of that to even happen, though, McNabb's going to need to agree to work out a significant change in his contract. But if it gets him out of purgatory Washington, it's worth the lost money.
Potential Suitors: Minnesota Vikings
Best Bet: Vikings. It just doesn't seem likely that the Titans or Dolphins will step up and trade for McNabb. If he's released by Washington, this could all change but for now the Vikings appear to be the clear-cut leader in the clubhouse when it comes to Donovan's services.
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Blog Entry
Assessing the NFL free agency and trade QB market
Posted on: July 26, 2011 8:49 pm
Edited on: July 27, 2011 8:35 am
Since: Mar 8, 2008
Posted on: July 27, 2011 2:37 am
Assessing the NFL free agency and trade QB market
McNabb a "potential great QB"? Really? Potential? The guy is already well past his prime and has been terriible the last two years. Even if you blame last year on the Shanahans, McNabb sucked for his friend and mentor, Andy Reid, the year before. Now, McNabb had several great seasons...or as great as seasons can be without a title...no argument there. But his "potential" was realized years ago. He's not going to be "great" now. He could have a decent year...a productive year...but he isn't going to be the reason a team makes the playoffs. If he hooks up with a good enough team, he just might...might, mind you...be good enough to go along for the ride.
Since: Aug 21, 2006
Posted on: July 27, 2011 2:04 am
Assessing the NFL free agency and trade QB market
Kyle Orton on the Cardinals is the right move. Do not trade for Kolb.
Since: Aug 7, 2008
Posted on: July 27, 2011 1:54 am
Assessing the NFL free agency and trade QB market
Just get it done Cardinals and get QB Kevin Kolb from the Eagles now so that he can learn the system right away knowing that there is very little time left before the season starts and by doing so even the media have said on ESPN that the NFC West will once again be back in the desert for sure then letting it be back with a run down team like it was last season when the Seahawks won the division with a horribly 7-9 record.
Since: Sep 28, 2008
Posted on: July 27, 2011 1:39 am
Assessing the NFL free agency and trade QB market
Looks like Minnesota won't be winning a super bowl for at least the next few years. Donovan won't ever win one. Also look at some of his embarrassing moments in his career to go along with not winning a super bowl like throwing up on sidelines and getting benched for Rex Grossman during a game and not knowing the rules of an NFL game.
Since: Mar 9, 2008
Posted on: July 27, 2011 1:26 am
This comment has been removed.
Post Deleted by Administrator
Since: Oct 24, 2006
Posted on: July 27, 2011 12:19 am
Assessing the NFL free agency and trade QB market
Orton- hands down, Kyle orton is the best of the bunch. McNabb is a potential great QB, but he never seems to have a happy lockerroom. There is something to that. Hasselbeck is damaged goods. And Kolb has potential, but he has started about 3 games in his life. Orton is far and away the best one to target.


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Maxillaria acutifolia
orchidnickAugust 20, 2014
Found in Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, Leeward Islands and Trinidad and Tobago as a warm to hot goer. Great! I've been growing it in the cold greenhouse. It not only grow but also bloomed,. Now I'll move it to the warm house, maybe it will do better.


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Ellis scores 32 in debut as Mavericks open with win
From the Dallas Mavericks' perspective, Monta Ellis was better than advertised.
In the Mavs' 118-109 season-opening win over the Atlanta Hawks on Wednesday night before a sellout crowd of 19,834 at American Airlines Center, Ellis proved he was well worth the three-year, $25 million free-agent contract he signed with the Mavs over the off-season.
The feisty shooting guard poured in 32 points on 11-of-17 shooting and also added eight assists for good measure as he made himself right at home in his new surroundings. It was the most points ever by a player in his first game with the Mavs.
"Right now I'm in a good rhythm, my teammates did a good job finding me and setting screens,'' Ellis said. "The main thing I had to do was just be aggressive, attack the basket and make the right plays.
"I think we put a great group of guys together, we came out and played Mavs basketball. We played together, we made some mistakes, but we stuck with it.''
It was a gritty game by both teams, as Ellis teamed with Dirk Nowitzki to help close the door on the Mavs' 34th season opener.
On his way to 24 points and five assists, Nowitzki drilled back-to-back 3-pointers — off passes from Ellis — to stake the Mavs to a 115-102 lead. Ellis then hammered in the final nail with his own 3-pointer.
"He just shot the ball so well tonight, and so that was helping his drives out,'' Nowitzki said of Ellis. "He's so quick off the bounce and he's so quick with the ball, and that's a huge strength.''
In their first game since revamping the roster with nine new players after missing the playoffs last season, the Mavs led 33-28 after the first period behind 11 points from Ellis and nine from Nowitzki.
But Paul Millsap tossed in 10 of his 20 points in the second period as the Hawks took a 55-53 lead at the half.
However, Shawn Marion tallied 10 of his 12 points in the third period — Ellis also notched 10 third-quarter points — as the momentum swung back in the Mavs' favor.
The intense game was "exactly what we expected, and it was a very good win for us,'' coach Rick Carlisle said. "Tough games like this bring the group together.''
Besides Ellis, Nowitzki and Marion, Vince Carter came off the bench to supply 21 points on 9-of-16 shooting.
Carlisle also was impressed with the play of Jose Calderon (11 assists), DeJuan Blair (nine points, five boards), Wayne Ellington (six points, three rebounds), rookie Gal Mekel (nine minutes, three assists).
But the most impressive of them all was Ellis, who joined the Mavs following a stint with the Milwaukee Bucks that lasted less than two years.
"The way he played in the second half was fantastic,'' Carlisle said of Ellis. "There were some miscues in the first half and we had a spell where we were all throwing the ball away.
"But in the second half he really did a great job of distributing, scoring, attacking, and he made big free throws at critical points in the game.''
Ellis, who had seven turnovers and was 8 of 8 from the free throw line, said he had been working extra on his shooting touch with assistant coach Darrell Armstrong.
"I wanted to be me more aggressive,'' Ellis said. "I just took what the defense gave me.
"If they sagged off, I took one, two dribbles, pull-up. If they came and stayed with me, I got past them, attacked the basket and got to the free throw line, and when they all closed in I was able to find shooters. That's what Coach wanted me to do, so I did it.''
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Well, that still leaves 80%
"Almost a fifth of China's soil is contaminated, an official study released by the government has shown.
Conducted between 2005-2013, it found that 16.1% of China's soil and 19.4% of its arable land showed contamination.
The report, by the Environmental Protection Ministry, named cadmium, nickel and arsenic as top pollutants.
There is growing concern, both from the government and the public, that China's rapid industrialisation is causing irreparable damage to its environment.
The study took samples across an area of 6.3 million square kilometres, two-thirds of China's land area.
"The survey showed that it is hard to be optimistic about the state of soil nationwide," the ministry said in a statement on its website.
"Due to long periods of extensive industrial development and high pollutant emissions, some regions have suffered deteriorating land quality and serious soil pollution."
Because of the "grim situation", the state would implement measures including a "soil pollution plan" and better legislation.
Levels of pollution ranged from slight to severe.
About 82.8% of the polluted land was contaminated by inorganic materials, with levels noticeably higher than the previous survey between 1986 and 1990, Xinhua news agency quoted the report as saying.
"Pollution is severe in three major industrial zones, the Yangtze River Delta in east China, the Pearl River Delta in south China and the northeast corner that used to be a heavy industrial hub," the agency said.
The report had previously been classified as a state secret because of its sensitivity.
There is growing fear in China over the effect that modernisation has had on the country's air, water and soil.
The central government has promised to make tackling the issue a top priority - but vested interests and lax enforcement of regulations at local level make this challenging.
The public, meanwhile, have become increasingly vocal - both on the issue of smog and, in several cases, by taking to the streets to protest against the proposed construction of chemical plants in their cities."
Here is a link that might be useful: link
One thing that concerns me(and has for a while)is that even if the USA actually takes steps to clean up our own toxic mess(not that we will),the rest of the world can't be made to follow the example.
I guess nobody cares about the world they are leaving their children.
All anyone seems to care about is making profits and then ignoring the waste that builds up. Cleaning up after yourself is expensive,so just burn it,bury it in the backyard,or dump it in the river...whatever.
Makes me glad I don't have kids.
Is there any hope?
I'm no expert, but this might be a lot more serious than just industrial pollution. China never had adequate supplies of fresh water even before industrialization, and when aquifers are depleted wells start pumping up metals, arsenic, and I think maybe cadmium, that have leached over many thousands of years from surrounding rock.
All over the planet depletion of fresh water stores is resulting in poisoning of vast areas of farm land, including right here in the U.S.
What China's going to do... This reminds me of the millions of people displaced by their government from farm villages to new but wretched tenements in cities that have no jobs for most of them. "Extra" people.
From everything I'm reading, China has 'turned the corner' on pollution, with everyone, including the gvt, knowing that they have to clean up their act or they're in for civil unrest.
They just installed more solar power in 2013 than the US has in its history.
â¢Posted by david52 z5CO (My Page) on Sat, Apr 19, 14 at 9:53
"From everything I'm reading, China has 'turned the corner' on pollution, with everyone, including the gvt, knowing that they have to clean up their act or they're in for civil unrest.
They just installed more solar power in 2013 than the US has in its history"
That, David, is wonderful to know. I actually won't consume anything if I can ascertain it's from China, and I'm not Asian-phobic, that's not why.


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