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Biosensors and Bioelectronics 18 (2003) 381 Á/387 www.elsevier.com/locate/bios A study of piezoelectric and mechanical anisotropies of the human cornea A. Champa Jayasuriya a,*, Snehasish Ghosh a, Jerry I. Scheinbeim a, Virginia Lubkin b, Greg Bennett b, Phillip Kramer b a Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Polymer Electroprocessing Laboratory, College of Engineering, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, 98 Brett Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8058, USA b Aborn Laboratory, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, 310 East 14th Street, New York, NY 10003, USA Received 19 July 2001; accepted 23 July 2002 Abstract The piezoelectric and dynamic mechanical properties of human cornea have been investigated as a function of drying time. As expected, the piezoelectric coefficient, d31, and the Young's modulus, Y , were found to be extremely sensitive to water content. d31 decreased with dehydration of the corneal tissue and Y increased with dehydration. While these results are significant, the discovery of the unprecedented mechanical and electromechanical anisotropy exhibited by the cornea are the major findings of this study and indicate that the collagen fibrils comprising the cornea are highly oriented. The piezoelectric responses of corneas observed in this study are: diagonally cut samples starting at an average piezoelectric coefficient value of 2250 pC/N, followed by the vertically cut samples, with an average starting value of about 600 pC/N and finally the horizontally cut samples with an average starting value of about 200 pC/N. # 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Cornea; Collagen; Piezoelectricity; Young's modulus 1. Introduction procedures as well as the pathogenesis of certain corneal disease states. A better understanding of the biomechanical proper- Both corneal and scleral tissue share many simila- ties of the human cornea is certainly warranted based on rities. Both are primarily collagenous hydrogels consist- the recent explosion in the numbers of refractive surgical ing of collagen fibrils; however, the scleral tissue is procedures performed. Various procedures such as opaque while the cornea is transparent to visible light radial keratotomy, photorefractive keratectomy, laser (Maurice, 1957). It was suggested that both the size and in situ keratomileusis, and astigmatic keratotomy, rely some ordered distance between fibrils allowed for the on the 'average' corneal structure to develop 'normo- forward transmission or scattering of light. Others grams' which guide surgical planning. Disease states, suggest that corneal transparency is a function of the such as keratoconus, result from surgically induced or refractive indices of the collagen fibrils and interfibril congenital mechanisms, which cause unwanted corneal matricies (Smith, 1969). It is also believed that collagen steeping and irregular astigmatism. Understanding cor- fibrils in scleral tissue are assumed to be of random size neal elasticity and the corneal response to forces which and orientation and, therefore, cannot transmit light deform it (intraocular pressure, variable atmospheric (Komai and Ushiki, 1991). While it is easy to accept the pressure, extraocular pressure from lid disease, etc.), reasoning behind the inability of scleral tissue to may offer insight to more predictable refractive surgical transmit light, it is less obvious that a full understanding of cornea transparency exists. To contribute to the understanding of corneal tissue and differences between corneal and scleral tissue, we began an investigation into * Corresponding author. Tel.: '/1-732-445-3660 the piezoelectric and mechanical properties of the 0956-5663/02/$ - see front matter # 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PII: S 0 9 5 6 - 5 6 6 3 ( 0 2 ) 0 0 1 4 4 - 6 382 A.C. Jayasuriya et al. / Biosensors and Bioelectronics 18 (2003) 381 Á/387 cornea in hopes of observing any significant differences from them. Five human corneas were sectioned for between the behavior of cornea and sclera. We also this purpose. hoped to provide additional insights into the general 2) For the second set, the roughly circular corneas structure/properties relationships of the cornea itself to were marked as the hour hand on the face of the allow for further understanding of its transparent clock. The positions for 12 and 3 o'clock were optical properties and its mechanical stiffness. determined by the location of the eye muscles and Piezoelectricity in organic polymers (Fukada, 1974) marked with sutures at 12 and 3 o'clock. Rectan- and in certain biological tissues (Shamos and Lavine, gular strips were then sectioned and labeled by 1967), such as collagen (Fukada and Yasuda, 1964; appointing 12 Á/6 o'clock sections as vertical; 3Á/9 Fukada et al., 1976; Christiansen and Silver, 1992; Pins o'clock sections as horizontal and diagonals as and Silver, 1995) and bone (Fukada and Yasuda, 1957; either 01:30 Á/07:30 or 10:30 Á/05:30 (see Fig. 1). Netto and Zimmerman, 1975) has been extensively investigated. Piezoelectric phenomena have been studied extensively in bone. Mechanical energy can induce electrical potentials of significant magnitude to theore- tically exert a wide range of clinical effects. These include potentially, control of cell mutation, enzyme activation or suppression, and orientation of intra-and- extra cellular macromolecules (Andrew, 1968). Although some work has been done in determining mechanical properties of collagen in general, no studies have been done on the mechanical or electromechanical properties of the cornea. However, a significant body of literature does exist on both structural and microstruc- tural studies of the cornea. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction studies have been performed on collagen fibrils from connective tissues to determine the orientation distribu- tion function and preferred orientation of collagen (Aspden and Hukins, 1979) as well as to measure the angular distribution within the tissue (Aspden and Hukins, 1981). It was reported anisotropies in values of the piezo- electric d-coefficient of human scleral collagen (Ghosh et al., 1998) which depend on both the specific region of the eye from which the sample is taken and the direction the mechanical force is applied. In the current study we present the discovery of the unprecedented piezoelectric response exhibited by human cornea compared to sclera. In addition, the data show that the piezoelectric response differs significantly depending on the orienta- tion of the corneal samples tested. 2. Materials and methods 2.1. Corneal samples Human corneal samples were sectioned from eyes obtained from the Eye-Bank for Sight Restoration, Inc., New York. The results presented here are from the following two sets of samples. 1) In the first set studied, corneal samples were sectioned into rectangular strips without any knowl- edge of the orientation of the strips to find out the Fig. 1. Human cornea showing three different sections: vertical, magnitude of the piezoelectric response obtained horizontal, and diagonal. A.C. Jayasuriya et al. / Biosensors and Bioelectronics 18 (2003) 381 Á/387 383 Fourteen corneas were used for this part of the study, seven were sectioned diagonally, four hor- izontally and three vertically. 2.2. Measurement of the piezoelectric-coefficient and Young's modulus The piezoelectric d-coefficient of a material is defined as the incremental change in electric polarization that occurs as a result of an incremental change in mechan- ical stress, s . Stress is defined as the force per unit area applied to the material. For a linear elastic material, this stress produces an elastic strain o , given by the relation s0/Eo , where E , the elastic modulus, is also called the Young's modulus. Silver print conductive electrodes (GC Electronics, Fig. 2. Piezoelectric d -coefficient versus time for first set of five human Rockford, IL) were painted on opposite surfaces of the corneas. corneal strip and allowed to air dry. To compensate for any dehydration that might occur in the corneal strip and falls somewhat asymptotically to roughly the same during the painting and drying of the electrodes, these value after about 40 min. Interestingly enough, there strips were rehydrated in saline for a 30-min period of was a surprisingly large amount of scatter from sample time. The rehydrated samples were then placed between to sample. Cornea No. 3 had the highest starting value the grips of the measuring device in the sample chamber. of d :/1600 pC/N (picoCoulombs per Newton); cornea Care was taken not to let the samples dry out No. 2 around 1200 pC/N; cornea No. 1 about 700 pC/N; significantly because experience indicates that unlike corneas No. 4 and 5 being the two lowest with a starting scleral collagen (Pratzl and Daxer, 1993), corneal value of about 300 pC/N. All of the samples decrease to collagen does not rehydrate if allowed to dry out a similar d -coefficient value of about 50 pC/N after 40 significantly. min. An interesting feature of the drying curve is that The system used to measure the piezoelectric coeffi- from an initial high value, the curves fall steeply at first cient and Young's modulus was a Rheolograph Solid† , and then level off to a plateau before finally making a which was manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisaku-Sho second asymptotic decline to the final (dry) value of 50 Ltd., Japan. The piezoelectric response of the cornea, pC/N. Whether this represents the suggested two-stage both its magnitude and anisotropy are easily measured drying process of the cornea remains to be determined in a reproducible manner as this instrument was (Roveri et al., 1979). Not only is there enormous scatter designed to measure much smaller piezoelectric activity. from sample to sample in piezoelectric d-coefficient A dynamic stress, s0/5 N peak to peak, was applied to apparent from Fig. 2, but the drying curve for cornea each strip at a frequency of 104 Hz (default value) and the piezoelectric d -coefficient as well the elastic modulus No. 3 is much steeper compared to that of the other were continuously monitored as the sample dried out corneas. Also, even at the end of 40 min, the samples with time. still show a response that is higher than the piezoelectric response obtained from synthetic piezoelectric polymers (Winsor et al., 1996; Furukawa, 1989; Mei et al., 1993). 3. Results and discussion Further, measurements of the elastic modulus showed a similarly wide scatter of values. The scattered values in 3.1. Human cornea piezoelectric response and Young's modulus led to the suspicion that the corneas may, in fact, not be direc- Since this study began with the assumption that tionally isotropic. human cornea was mechanically isotropic in nature, This prompted a second investigation of the human we proceeded to measure the piezoelectric d -coefficient corneas. In the second set of corneas studied, each of the and Young's modulus without paying any particular corneas was directionally specified (see Section 2) in Fig. attention to the direction in which corneal samples were 1. Fig. 3a represents the piezoelectric d-coefficient as a cut from the cornea. function of drying time for four human corneas cut Fig. 2 shows the piezoelectric d -coefficient as a horizontally. Even for similar horizontal sections there function of drying time obtained from five human is a fair amount of scatter from cornea to cornea. corneas. The qualitative behavior is similar for all Cornea No. 8 starts at the lowest value of :/100 pC/N; samples studied. The response starts at a high value cornea No. 7 starts at :/200 pC/N, while corneas No. 6 384 A.C. Jayasuriya et al. / Biosensors and Bioelectronics 18 (2003) 381 Á/387 Fig. 3. (a) Piezoelectric d -coefficient versus time for horizontally cut corneal sections. (b) Piezoelectric d -coefficient versus time for vertically cut corneal sections. (c) Piezoelectric d -coefficient versus time for diagonally cut corneal samples. (d) Piezoelectric d -coefficient versus time for horizontal, vertical and diagonal corneal sections averaged over seven human corneas. and 9 start at :/275 pC/N. The difference between large amount of scatter in the initial values of the d- corneas No. 6 and 8 is almost 300%. The drying coefficients. Corneas No. 14, 15 and 16 all start at values behavior is also different. Corneas No. 7, 8 and 9 all around 1400 pC/N. Corneas 17 and 18 starts at around dry out to the same final piezoelectric d -coefficient value 2000 pC/N while corneas No. 13 and 19 have initial of around 30 pC/N. Cornea No. 6 follows a very values between 3500 and 4000 pC/N. All of the different drying pattern and is still decreasing with a diagonally cut corneas show similar drying behavior value of :/125 pC/N at the end of the drying time. and asymptote to around 100 pC/N except for cornea Fig. 3b shows the drying behavior for the three No. 19 which is still decreasing with a value of 1000 pC/ corneal samples sectioned vertically. Their initial piezo- N at the end of the measurement time. electric d -coefficient starting values are similar and lie Fig. 3d shows the averaged piezoelectric d-coefficient between 600 and 800 pC/N. Although all three samples as a function of drying time for the differently oriented decrease over time to around 40 pC/N, their drying sections together. The difference in their respective pattern is very different as is evident from Fig. 3b. response is evident: the diagonally cut samples starting Cornea No. 12 appears to show clear evidence of a two at an average piezoelectric coefficient value of 2250 pC/ stage drying process. Fig. 3c represents the piezoelectric N, followed by the vertically cut samples, with an behavior with drying time for the seven corneal samples average starting value of about 600 pC/N and finally sectioned diagonally. All of the starting values of the horizontally cut samples with an average starting piezoelectric d -coefficient obtained from these diagonal value of about 200 pC/N. Not only are the d-coefficient sections are astonishingly high. Once again there is a values of the diagonal sections considerable, but they A.C. Jayasuriya et al. / Biosensors and Bioelectronics 18 (2003) 381 Á/387 385 are an order of magnitude greater than the response time for the horizontally cut samples. Corneas No. 6 from the horizontally cut sections and more than three and 9 which exhibit the highest initial piezoelectric d- times that of the vertically cut sections. These represent coefficient values (see Fig. 3a) have the lowest initial significant electromechanical anisotropies in the cornea. value of Young's modulus: about 2 MPa. Cornea No. 7 In addition, if one considers that the highest piezo- has a 4 MPa Young's modulus as the starting value and electric response known for synthetic polymers e.g. cornea No. 8 has the highest initial value of Young's P(VDF-TrFE) copolymers (Furukawa, 1989) at room modulus at 5 MPa. The nature of the drying curves is, temperature and nylon (Mei et al., 1993) at higher however, very different. Corneas No. 6 and 9 show a temperatures are on the order of 30Á/50 pC/N, one can linear slowly increasing trend. However, the curve for truly appreciate the magnitude of this response. cornea No. 8 increases almost linearly from 5 to 6 MPa The nature of the drying curves of the diagonally cut for about 35 min and then starts rising sharply to 8 sections is also different from both the vertically cut and MPa. Cornea No. 7 shows a sharper climb in general horizontally cut sections. The diagonally cut samples from 4 to 7 MPa for 30 min and an even steeper climb to dry out to a final average d-coefficient value of :/275 almost 12 MPa by 40 min. pC while the other two sections dry out an average value Fig. 4b shows the drying behavior of the Young's of :/100 pC/N, although at sufficiently long drying modulus for the vertically cut samples. All three samples times, all three sets of values may converge. Fig. 4a start at an initial value of :/1.3 MPa. Corneas No. 10 presents the Young's modulus as a function of drying and 11 show a very similar linear increase to about 2.5 Fig. 4. (a) Young's modulus versus time for horizontally cut corneal sections. (b) Young's modulus versus time for vertically cut corneal sections. (c) Young's modulus versus time for diagonally cut corneal sections. (d) Young's modulus versus time for horizontal, vertical and diagonally cut corneal sections averaged over seven human corneas. 386 A.C. Jayasuriya et al. / Biosensors and Bioelectronics 18 (2003) 381 Á/387 MPa for the first 30 min and continue to gradually when subjected to a mechanical stress, we anticipated increase. However, cornea No. 12, which had the lowest that for any particular corneal section, the lowest initial piezoelectric d -coefficient (see Fig. 3b), shows a piezoelectric response would be generated by the section much steeper initial rate of increase and then increases that exhibits the lowest response to mechanical stress, to a final value of :/7 MPa after 40 min. i.e. the one with the highest Young's modulus. In other Fig. 4c represents Young's modulus as a function of words, the direction in which the cornea is stiffest will drying time for the diagonally cut corneal samples. generate the lowest piezoelectric response. There is a large amount of scatter in the initial and final Also human corneas exhibit significant mechanical values of Young's modulus for all the samples. Cornea anisotropy with a starting values of Young's modulus No. 13 has the lowest initial value starting at 0.05 MPa for horizontally cut samples with 3 MPa, a vertically cut while cornea No. 14 has the highest initial value of 0.75 samples with 1 MPa and a diagonally cut samples with MPa. The final values are between 0.6 MPa for cornea 0.3 MPa. This difference in the value of Young's No. 17 and 1.5 MPa for cornea No. 15. The nature of Modulus suggests a higher degree of fiber orientation the drying curves is qualitatively similar for most along specific directions of the cornea. One may samples. Only cornea No. 13 shows a very rapid and speculate that the highest modulus direction has the steep increase in Young's modulus with time. greatest number of collagen fibrils oriented in that Fig. 4d shows the averaged Young's modulus with direction while the lowest modulus direction has the drying time for the three differently oriented sections. least number of collagen fibrils oriented in that direc- The response shown in Fig. 4d is the reverse of the tion. averaged response of the piezoelectric d -coefficients shown in Fig. 3d. The average Young's modulus of the horizontally cut samples, with the smallest piezo- References electric response, has the highest initial value of :/3 MPa and increases to around 6 MPa. These values are Andrew, C.B.L., 1968. Biologic significance of piezoelectricity. Calc. more than three times the values obtained from the Tiss. Res. 1, 252 Á/272. vertically cut sections, which initially exhibit a value of 1 Aspden, R.M., Hukins, D.W.L., 1979. Determination of the direction MPa and increases to 4 MPa, and one order of of preferred orientation and the orientation distribution function of collagen fibrils in connective tissues from high-angle X-ray diffrac- magnitude greater than the values of Young's modulus tion patterns. J. Appl. Crystallogr. 12, 306 Á/311. obtained from the diagonally cut sections which go from Aspden, R.M., Hukins, D.W.L., 1981. Collgen organization in 0.3 to 1 MPa. The drying behavior of the diagonally cut articular cartilage, determined by X-ray diffraction, and its samples is flatter and varies slower than that shown by relationship to tissue function. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B212, 299 Á/304. either the vertically or horizontally cut samples. These Christiansen, D., Silver, F.H., 1992. Biomimetic mineralization of an exhibit a much more rapid increase with time. This aligned, self-assembled collagenous Matrix. Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 255, 367. difference in the mechanical response establishes that Fukada, E., 1974. Piezoelectric properties of organic polymers. Ann. mechanically, the cornea is not isotropic. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 238, 7 Á/25. Fukada, E., Yasuda, I., 1957. On the piezoelectric effect of bone. J. Phys. Soc. Jap. 12 (10), 1158 Á/1162. 4. Conclusions Fukada, E., Yasuda, I., 1964. Piezoelectric effects in collagen. J. J. App. Phys. 3 (2), 117 Á/121. Fukada, E., Ueda, H., Rinaldi, R., 1976. Piezoelectric and related It is found that the human cornea exhibits an properties of hydrated collgen. Biophys. J. 16, 911 Á/918. unprecedented anisotropic piezoelectric response. The Furukawa, T., 1989. Ferroelectric properties of vinylidene fluoride piezoelectric d-coefficient decreases as a function of time copolymers. Phase Transitions 18, 143 Á/211. Ghosh, S., Mei, B.Z., Lubkin, V., Scheinbeim, J.I., Newman, B.A., as the samples dehydrate. While this dehydration Kramer, P., Bennett, G., Feit, N., 1998. Piezoelectric response of phenomenon is reversible for human sclera the cornea scleral collagen. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 39, 453 Á/457. exhibits little rehydration. Diagonally cut corneal sam- Komai, Y., Ushiki, T., 1991. The three dimensional organization of ples exhibit a significantly higher piezoelectric response collagen fibrils in the human cornea and sclera. Invest. Opthalmol. compared to that of vertically or horizontally cut Vis. Sci. 32 Á/38, 2244 Á/2258. corneal samples. The piezoelectric response of corneas Maurice, D.M., 1957. The structure and transparency of the cornea. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 136, 263 Á/286. observed in this study are: the diagonally cut samples Mei, B.Z., Scheinlein, J.I., Newman, B.A., 1993. The ferroelectric starting at an average piezoelectric coefficient value of behaviour of odd numbered nylons. Ferroelectrics 141, 51 Á/60. 2250 pC/N, followed by the vertically cut samples, with Netto, T.G., Zimmerman, R.L., 1975. Effect of water on piezo- an average starting value of about 600 pC/N and finally electricity in bone and collagen. Biophys. J. 15, 573 Á/576. Pins, G.D., Silver, F.H., 1995. A self-assembled collagen scaffold the horizontally cut samples with an average starting suitable for use in soft and hard tissue replacement. Mater. Sci. value of about 200 pC/N. Since the piezoelectric Eng. C3, 101 Á/107. response of a polymer is usually generated by the Pratzl, P., Daxer, A., 1993. Structural transformation of collagen reorientation of the electric dipoles within the polymer fibrils in corneal stroma during drying. Biophys. J. 64, 1210 Á/1214. A.C. Jayasuriya et al. / Biosensors and Bioelectronics 18 (2003) 381 Á/387 387 Roveri, N., Ripamonti, A., Bigi, A., Volpin, D., Gino, M.G., 1979. X- Smith, J.W., 1969. The transparency of the corneal stroma. Vis. Res. 9, ray diffraction study of bovine lens capsule collagen. Biochemica et 393 Á/396. Biophysica Acta 576, 404 Á/408. Winsor, D.L., Scheinbeim, J.I., Newman, B.A., 1996. Effects of Shamos, M.H., Lavine, L.S., 1967. Piezoelectricity as a fundamental plasticizer on the mechanical and ferroelectric properties of property of biological tissues. Nature, 267 Á/269 (January 21). uniaxially oriented-phase PVF2. J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys. 34, 2967 Á/2977.
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ibalance's ideas
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DJ Dusk's Rootdown Soundclash now on DVD
Madlib vs Cut Chemist, Will.I.Am vs Thes One, Oh No vs Exile
- October 17, 2008
Early in 2001 the Los Angeles club Root Down put on their first of a three part series called "Sound Clash," organized & hosted by DJ Dusk. Based on the reggae sound system competitions, this was a hip-hop event - in this case featuring Madlib and Cut Chemist - going head to head, beat for beat for respect in front of a packed club.
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The last battle featured Oh No and Exile in 2003. With a relatively dignified display by the youngest pairing of the three, they closed the series with good music and much respect.
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Mad Men Mind Games: 7 Premiere Moments That Prove the AMC Drama Is Messing With Us
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In the same vein, when you're a Mad Men viewer who's been primed to plumb every word, image and inflection for clues about what's to come, each scene provides plenty of fodder for speculation and predictions. READ MORE & VIEW PHOTOS


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Good to see Fox continuing to give strong support to classic titles with their upcoming release on 6 November of The Young Lions. This film contains one of Marlon Brando's best performances as an idealistic German soldier as well as excellent portrayals by Montgomery Clift and, yes, Dean Martin! An intelligent story with a fine script and wide screen photography set against a war background rather than an action war film. I will certainly be purchasing this DVD.
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178 Pinckney, MI Real Estate Agents
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March 28, 2015
Women's Lacrosse Falls To Elizabethtown On The Road Saturday
The U.S. Merchant Marine Academy women's lacrosse team made its first trip ever to Elizabethtown College on Saturday to face their Landmark Conference opponent and the host Blue Jays came out on top by the final score of 17-3.
March 21, 2015
WLAX Upended By Goucher Saturday In First Home Game
The USMMA women's lacrosse team lost its home-opener to Landmark Conference opponent Goucher, 17-4, on Saturday at Brooks Stadium. The defeat drops the Mariners to 0-3 (0-1 Landmark), while the Gophers improve to 7-2 (1-0 Landmark).
March 20, 2015
Saturday Time Changes: Men's & Women's Lax And Baseball Games All Pushed Back
Due to the impending snow storm that is expected to hit the New York Metropolitan Area all day Friday, the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy Athletic Department is announcing time changes to its home games for men's and women's lacrosse and baseball on Saturday, March 21.
March 18, 2015
Women's Lacrosse Falls In Road Contest At Purchase Wednesday Night
The USMMA women's lacrosse team lost a non-conference game at SUNY Purchase College on Wednesday night, 20-4. The Mariners fall to 0-2 on the season, while the Panthers improve to 3-0.
February 28, 2015
Women's Lacrosse Drops First Game Of Season Down At Wesley
The USMMA women's lacrosse team lost its season-opener on Saturday at Wesley College, 21-6, at the Wolverines' Miller Stadium.
February 28, 2015
Women's Lacrosse Opens 2015 Season Saturday At Wesley
Third-year head coach Kyle Simensky will lead the USMMA women's lacrosse team into its season-opener on the road on Saturday with a non-conference game at Wesley College. Opening draw is scheduled for 1 p.m. at the Wolverines' Scott D. Miller Stadium on their campus in Dover, Del. Live stats will be available for the game and can be accessed by following this link.
April 26, 2014
USMMA Falls to Scranton Senior Day
Before the game the Mariners honored the program's five graduating seniors: Alexandra Winfree, Grace Mariani (Amherst, NY), Shannen Dunn (Bourne, MA), Katie Noonan (Charlottesville, VA), and Erin Hofstetter (Walnut Creek, CA).
April 19, 2014
Mariani Nets Hat Trick in Loss at Susquehanna
Grace Mariani (Amherst, NY) netted a hat trick Saturday afternoon but the USMMA women's lacrosse team dropped a 20-5 decision at Susquehanna.
April 14, 2014
Second Half Lead Slips Away; Maritime (NY) Tops USMMA, 12-10
The USMMA women's lacrosse team saw the Maritime Privateers turn a 9-5 deficit into a 12-9 lead with seven unanswered goals over a 10-minute span in the second half to defeat the Mariners by the final of 12-10 on Monday night.
April 12, 2014
USMMA Falls to Newest Conference Rival Elizabethtown, 12-8
Shannen Dunn (Bourne, MA) and Emily Finnin (Littleton, CO) both had two markers for the home team.
April 8, 2014
Mariners Suffer 18-4 Setback to Old Westbury
Alexandra Winfree (Millstone, NJ) netted a hat trick but the USMMA women's lacrosse team was defeated 18-4 Tuesday night by Old Westbury.
April 5, 2014
Gouchers Down Mariners in Landmark Conference Action
Emily Finnin (Littleton, CO) and Grace Mariani (Amherst, NY) scored for the Mariners as Goucher defeated the USMMA women's lacrosse team, 17-2, Saturday afternoon.
March 22, 2014
Drew Defeats USMMA to Win Fifth Straight Game
The Drew University women's lacrosse team (5-2, 2-0), won its fifth consecutive game with a 15-0 victory over Landmark Conference foe the United States Merchant Marine Academy (1-3, 0-1) this afternoon in Ranger Stadium.
March 19, 2014
USMMA Comeback Falls Short in 9-8 Loss to Purchase State
Alexandra Winfree (Millstone, NJ) scored her fourth goal with 39 seconds remaining to cut the USMMA deficit to 9-8 but Purchase State would hold on late for the victory
March 13, 2014
Women's LAX Highlights & Interview with Head Coach Kyle Simensky
USMMA women's lacrosse earned the first win in program history last week, 12-7, over Bryn Athyn.
March 10, 2014
Rachel Smith Named Landmark Conference Defensive Player of the Week
Rachel Smith (Broomfield, CO) made 12 saves in goal against Bryn Athyn en route to being selected Landmark Conference Defensive Player of the Week.
March 8, 2014
Women's Lacrosse Secures Program's First Win; Defeats Bryn Athyn, 12-7
The USMMA women's lacrosse team made history Saturday afternoon at Brooks Stadium, earning the program's first victory with a 12-7 decision against Bryn Athyn.
March 2, 2014
Women's Lacrosse Falls to Wesley in Opener, 19-5
The USMMA women's lacrosse team dropped its first game of the 2014 season, 19-5, to Wesley Sunday afternoon at Brooks Stadium.
November 11, 2013
ESPN First Take at USMMA: Behind the Scenes Photo Blog
ESPN2 held a live broadcast for First Take in honor of Veteran's Day. The show is hosted by Stephen A. Smith, Skip Bayless, and Cari Champion with guests Tom Selleck and Fred Smoot.
August 29, 2013
USMMA Athletic Director Sue Petersen Lubow Named Katherine Ley Award Winner
Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC) Commissioner Dr. Kevin T. McGinniss announced today that United States Merchant Marine Academy Athletics Director Sue Petersen Lubow has been named the recipient of the 2013 Katherine Ley Award.
August 27, 2013
USMMA Athletic Hall of Famer Jules A. "Red" Wagner '45 Passes Away
The Merchant Marine Athletics family lost a true friend and legend as Jules "Red" Wagner passed away earlier this week.
August 23, 2013
USMMA Athletic Hall of Fame to Induct Seven New Members on Homecoming Weekend
The event will be hosted by the USMMA Alumni Association and Foundation (AAF) in Melville Hall at the Officers Club on the campus of the United States Merchant Marine Academy at 6:00 pm.
May 31, 2013
Academy Announces 2012-13 Athletic Award Winners; Olsen and Tyack Receive Top Nods
The U.S. Merchant Marine Academy Department of Physical Education and Athletics has announced that Kurt Olsen is the 2013 winner of the Stedman Trophy and Jessica Tyack is the recipient of the Berke Trophy, the highest athletic awards bestowed upon a graduating male and female Midshipman.
May 24, 2013
USMMA Freshman Kelly Allison Finishes Sixth in the NCAA in Saves Per Game
Following Merchant Marine's inaugural season of women's lacrosse, freshman goaltender Kelly Allison (Palos Verdes, CA) ranked sixth in NCAA Division III in saves per game.
April 27, 2013
Women's Lacrosse Drops Inaugural Season Finale, 21-10
The USMMA women's lacrosse team registered a program best 10 goals in their season finale against St. Joseph (CT).
April 17, 2013
Mariners Falls to Future Landmark Conference Rival Drew
The USMMA women's lacrosse team dropped a 15-3 verdict Wednesday afternoon to the Drew Rangers.
April 15, 2013
Merchant Marine Honors Seniors Prior to Final Home Contest
Kriesten Bell and Allie WInfree both tallied goals as USMMA fell to Farmingdale State.
April 13, 2013
Women's Lax Falls 16-2 at FDU-Florham
The USMMA women's lacrosse team two goals from Alexandra Winfree (Millstone, NJ) but was downed by FDU-Florham, 16-2, Saturday afternoon.
March 23, 2013
Merchant Marine Falls to St. Elizabeth
Allie Winfree tallied a team-high five goals for the Mariners in the loss.
March 19, 2013
Mariners Downed by Old Westbury, 18-7
The USMMA women's lacrosse team held its first lead in program history as Alexandra Winfree (Millstone, NJ) tallied the opening goal in the Mariners clash with Old Westbury Tuesday afternoon.
March 16, 2013
Muhlenberg Blanks Women's Lax
Muhlenberg defeated the USMMA women's lacrosse team 14-0 Saturday afternoon.
March 14, 2013
Merchant Marine Posts Season High Eight Goals in Loss at Maritime (NY)
Jessica Willey and Kristen Bell (New City, NY) both registered four goals as the Mariners had their highest offensive output in the program's young history in a 23-8 loss Thursday night at Maritime (NY).
March 12, 2013
Women's Lacrosse Drops Home Opener to Mount Saint Vincent
Freshman goaltender Kelly Allison (Palos Verdes, CA) made 13 saves but the USMMA women's lacrosse team was still upended by visiting Mount Sain Vincent, 14-4, Tuesday night in the first home game in program history.
February 23, 2013
Women's Lacrosse Drops First Game in Program History at Wesley
The USMMA women's lacrosse team competed in the first game in program history Saturday afternoon, a 16-2 loss at the hands of Wesley.
October 26, 2012
Kyle Simensky Named First Women's Lacrosse Coach in USMMA History
USMMA Director of Athletics Sue Petersen Lubow has announced that Kyle Simensky will be the first head women's lacrosse coach at the Merchant Marine Academy as the team begins play this season.
November 8, 2012
USMMA Soccer and Volleyball Receive Landmark Conference Sportsmanship Award
The Merchant Marine soccer and volleyball teams have been voted as best in sportsmanship in the Landmark Conference by their respective competition for the 2012 season.
August 15, 2012
Merchant Marine Athletics Officially Launches Facebook and Twitter Pages
The Mariners social media initiative kicks-off today as the Athletic Communications department launches Facebook and Twitter pages for fans of Merchant Marine Athletics.
No date
Seven Mariners Named to Landmark Honor Roll
The following student-athletes have been recognized by the Landmark Conference for their outstanding performance in the classroom:
No date
Four Mariners Named to Fall All-Academic Team
Three runners and one soccer player were recognized by the Landmark Conference for their athletic and academic prowess.


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Tom from MySpace Gets a Facebook Page
Tom hates life and needs a new profile picture for crying out loud!!
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Book Review: The Pendle Curse - Author Catherine CavendishReviewed by: Dave Gammon
Book Review: Mutations - Authors E.L. Loraine and Tim FrasierReviewed by: Todd Martin
TV Review: American Horror Story: Asylum (TV Series) (Season 2) (2012)
SYNOPSIS: Step inside a madhouse of horror and experience the chilling new incarnation of TV's most daringly provocative series. The sins of the past haunt the present at the notorious Briarcliff home for the criminally insane, ruled with an iron fist by Sister Jude. Forbidden desire and terrifying evil lurk around every corner…from alien abduction to demonic possession to a skin-wearing psychopath known as Bloody Face. REVIEW: Back after a much reported successful run, the … Continue reading
Podcast: Horror News Radio – Eps 28
This week, join the grue-crew fending off giant spiders and battling rouge government agents as Big Ass Spider and Machete Kills get their moments in the Horror News Radio Spotlight. Director Mike Mendez joins co-hosts Doc Rotten, Dave Dreher, Santos (The Black Saint) Ellin Jr., Thomas Mariani and Vixen to discuss his big bug opus Big Ass Spider and Dave once again discusses all the horror news worth talking about while Doc announces another spectacular contest sure to blow … Continue reading
Podcast: The Official HorrorNews.Net Podcast – Eps 14
American Horror Story: Asylum star Naomi Grossman (Pepper) and The Collection star Josh Stewart spend some time with Doc Rotten. It is interview week as co-hosts Dave Dreher, Santos (The Black Saint) Ellin Jr., Thomas Mariani and Vixen take a breather preparing for Pacific Rim and The Conjuring over the next few weeks. Doc Rotten provides two interviews for episode 14 gathered at the Blood at the Beach horror convention this past spring in Virginia Beach, VA. Pay close attention and … Continue reading
Interview: Naomi Grossman, Pepper from American Horror Story Asylum
This past May 10th, 2013, Doc Rotten sat down with Naomi Grossman, who plays Pepper in American Horror Story: Asylum, at the Blood at the Beach 3 convention in Virginia Beach, Virginia. The character, Pepper, was introduced in the first episode as Journalist Lana Winters (Sarah Paulson) entered Briarcliff Mental Institution for the first time. Her introduction set the tone for the series and astonished fans as they learned that the micro-cephalic character was actually a talented actress and comedian in … Continue reading
Podcast: Monster Movie Podcast – Eps 25
Podcast: Monster Movie Podcast Eps 25 – Sinister – Lords of Salem – Walking Dead Join hosts Doc Rotten and Thomas M this week on the Monster Movie Podcast for the evil of Mr. Boogie, the twisted vision of Rob Zombie and the invasion of horror on television. This is a fun week where Doc and Thomas review the latest horror film from Scott (The Exorcism of Emily Rose) Derrickson called Sinister and preview the … Continue reading


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AD Tag – GNN
2AD – grey matter book ad
3Ad – caverns of blood
4AD – Brain Damage
Ad – Sam Hain
AD – Zoe Suckers Novel Ad
AD – level 33
New Ad – Wil Jackson
ad space
Ad – Scares that Care Weekend
Social Arena Banner
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zergnet widget
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springboard widget – move reviews under
Film Reviews header
podcasts header
interviews header
Interview: Todd Lincoln - Director (V/H/S: Viral, The Apparition, Gorgeous Vortex)March 26th, 2015Interviewed by: Todd Martin
Exclusive Interview: Michael Berryman - Wednesday, March 25th at 9pm ESTMarch 23rd, 2015Interviewed by: Mike Joy
book reviews header
Book Review: The Pendle Curse - Author Catherine CavendishReviewed by: Dave Gammon
Book Review: Mutations - Authors E.L. Loraine and Tim FrasierReviewed by: Todd Martin
Book Review: Containment – Author Sean Schubert
CONTAINMENT: ALASKAN UNDEAD APOCALYPSE BOOK II Author: Sean Schubert Permuted Press Picking up after the first book, INFECTION, left off, CONTAINMENT is another feather in the cap of Permuted Press and an admirable continuation of a series which is shaping up to be an extremely satisfying zombie saga from author Sean Schubert. As well as sharing a surname with an iconic and wonderful composer, Schubert has a talent for making you keep turning the pages, … Continue reading
Book Review: Infection – Author Sean Schubert
INFECTION: ALASKAN UNDEAD APOCALYPSE BOOK I Author: Sean Schubert Permuted Press We're starting to see the other side of the zombie fixation now, with the world starting to move on a bit from the obsession with zombies that has gripped popular culture for the past few years. The thing is, this is happening because the zombies that are being offered by various media are very standard creatures that we've seen a million times before. Thankfully, … Continue reading
Value of Jade now available through Amazon!
Value of Jade, the sequel to Mace of the Apocalypse, is now available through Amazon for the low introductory price of $0.99. The world has been decimated by a powerful toxin that kills and then reanimates the dead. A small pocket of survivors struggle to create a safe zone in Kansas, knowing that time is running out. Sarah Thompson, one of their members, is having visions. What she sees terrifies her. Something is coming. Something … Continue reading
Book Review: Rise – Author Gareth Woods
RISE By Gareth Wood Permuted Press  Amidst the wave of post apocalyptic zombie novels currently flooding the market, there are sure to be some real gems. This is just such a book, and is very probably one of the best yet. Wood's book takes the form of diary entries, which he wrote on the dates they take place as a hobby, without the intention of ever publishing the material for outside consumption. Thus, there are … Continue reading
Book Review: Beyond the Barriers – Author Timothy Long
BEYOND THE BARRIERS Author: Timothy Long Permuted Press And the zombie fiction juggernaut thunders on with another addition to the genre. This time it's by Timothy Long, and has the potential to be a better book than many of your run-of-the-mill zombie yarns. Once again we're stuck with the damn first person narrative though, which is getting more annoying as time goes on. That aside, Beyond The Barriers has a great deal working in its … Continue reading
Book Review: The Undead Situation – Author Eloise J. Knapp
The Undead Situation Eloise J. Knapp Permuted Press I don't know about you, but I'm really getting tired of genre novels written in the first person. Genre novels, for the most part, work best when the story unfolds via an unaffected third person narrative. The first person narrative is great for getting a sense of character across, but not so great for moving the story along. This is the case here with The Undead Situation. … Continue reading


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Hank Aaron 'rooting' for Alex Rodriguez to succeed in return
Alex Rodriguez has a lot more enemies than friends these days, but he gained a powerful ally earlier this week. Hall of Famer Hank Aaron told Newsday in a recent interview that he hopes the disgraced New York Yankees slugger has a successful return to baseball this season. "I am rooting for him," Aaron said, via Newsday. "Despite all of the things that people say he had...
City of Atlanta doesn't want Braves to take Aaron statue
The Atlanta Braves' pending move to Cobb County has been a divisive issue for Braves fans and residents of both Cobb and Fulton counties. And now, a strange new wrinkle is getting inserted into the situation – the city of Atlanta doesn't want the Braves to take a statue of Hank Aaron with them to SunTrust Park in 2017, claiming it was paid for by taxpayers. The Atlanta Journal...
Via The Outside Corner
February 12, 2015 | Discuss
Awesome archival footage from 1965 All-Star Game surfaces
In 1965, Minnesota hosted its first All-Star Game. Tonight, the state hosts its third midsummer classic. MLB released some archival footage of that 1965 game, which features a number of Hall of Famers, including Hank Aaron, Al Kaline, Frank Robinson, Roberto Clemente, and Sandy Koufax. It's really an awesome piece of history, and I love that MLB keeps dangling these historical...
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July 15, 2014 | Discuss
Hammerin' Hank receives slew of racist hate mail, again
After speaking his mind about the progress that's been made in race relations over the last 40 years, Hank Aaron sparked many to send the Atlanta Braves racially-charged letters of disapproval.
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April 15, 2014 | Discuss
John Rocker calls out Hank Aaron for Republican comments
In December 1999, John Rocker's now infamous interview with Jeff Pearlman hit the pages of Sports Illustrated and it didn't take long for Hank Aaron to take notice. "To be honest with you, I was very sick and disgusted with the whole situation," the Atlanta Braves legend said. "For someone in the situation of Mr. Rocker to make those statements is ridiculous. I have...
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April 15, 2014 | Discuss
Hank Aaron Is Still The Home Run King
Hank Aaron was honored by the Atlanta Braves before the game against the New York Mets on Tuesday night. They held a ceremony commemorating the 40th anniversary of Aaron's 715th home run, the home run that surpassed Babe Ruth to become the new home run king. Aaron eventually ended his career with 755 home runs, that was later surpassed by Barry Bonds, who had 762. So by all accounts...
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April 09, 2014 | Discuss
Hank Aaron has partial hip replacement surgery
Hall of Famer Hank Aaron is recovering from a partial left hip replacement. The Atlanta Braves said Saturday the 80-year-old Aaron fell on ice on Friday and had the procedure later in the day. The Braves say Dr. Scott Gillogly, who performed the procedure, says a full recovery is expected and Aaron should return to his routine activities within six to eight weeks. The team plans...
Via AP on Fox
February 15, 2014 | Discuss
Braves to honor 40th anniversary of Aaron's record
The Atlanta Braves are planning to honor the 40th anniversary of Hank Aaron's record 715th home run in a pregame ceremony before their home opener against the Mets on April 8. The team also announced Tuesday that the Braves will wear a commemorative patch on the right sleeve during the season. The patch, shaped like home plate, carries the number 715, Aaron's autograph and a ''40th...
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February 11, 2014 | Discuss
Braves to wear 40th anniversary patch of Hank Aaron's 715th HR
This is pretty cool. Today the Braves unveiled a patch that they'll wear this season to commemorate the 40th anniversary of Hank Aaron's 715th home run. Post by Atlanta Braves. Considered one of baseballs greatest moments, Aaron hit the 715th home run on April, 8, 1974 to set the record for most HR's, surpassing the great Babe Ruth. Check out the short film on the historic...
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February 11, 2014 | Discuss
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Bhopal Junction railway station
|Bhopal Junction
Indian Railway Junction Station
Bhopal Junction
|Station statistics
|Bhopal Main Junction Railway Station, Near Nadra Bus Stand, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
|Agra-Bhopal section
Bhopal-Nagpur section
Delhi-Chennai line
|Taxi Stand, Auto Stand
|Baggage check
|Other information
|Station code
|Owned by
|Ministry of Railways, Indian Railways
|Fare zone
|West Central Railway
|Waiting Room, Dormitory/Retiring Rooms, Baggage Room, Refreshment, ATM
Bhopal Junction (Hindi: भोपाल जंक्शन; Urdu: بھوپال جنکشن) (Station Code: BPL) is a major railway junction of India and main railway station of Bhopal, the capital of the central Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. Bhopal junction is the starting point for India's first ISO certified train,[citation needed] the Shaan-e-Bhopal Express, while the newly announced Bhopal–Indore AC Double Decker Intercity Express will be the first AC Double Decker train[citation needed] and Bhopal–Indore AC Double Decker Non-Stop Express will be the first non-stop point to point train of Central India (Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh).[citation needed] This station also serves as a connecting point for various pilgrims from Nepal, China, Thailand, Malaysia, Japan and Myanmar to visit the Stupa of Sanchi, an important Buddhist stupa, which is about 40 km from Bhopal Junction railway station.
- 1 Construction
- 2 Location
- 3 Structure and Facilities
- 4 Connectivity
- 5 Important trains originating
- 6 Important trains passing through
- 6.1 Trains for Jammu & Kashmir
- 6.2 Trains for Punjab
- 6.3 Trains for Haryana/Uttrakhand
- 6.4 Trains for Delhi
- 6.5 Trains for Uttar Pradesh
- 6.6 Trains for Bihar
- 6.7 Trains for West Bengal
- 6.8 Trains for Orissa
- 6.9 Trains for Telangana
- 6.10 Trains for Andhra Pradesh
- 6.11 Trains for Tamil Nadu
- 6.12 Trains for Kerala
- 6.13 Trains for Karnataka
- 6.14 Trains for Goa
- 6.15 Trains for Maharashtra
- 6.16 Trains for Gujarat
- 6.17 Trains for Rajasthan
- 6.18 Trains for destinations within the state (Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh)
- 6.19 Passenger trains
- 7 See also
- 8 References
The main station of Bhopal is known as Bhopal Junction. It was constructed in year 1941 before India got independence. The second station of the city (Bhopal Habibganj) was constructed in year 1975 and its inauguration was done by Indira Gandhi, the then Prime Minister of India. Later on, The city of Bhopal got 4 new other local railway stations named as:
|Station Name
|Station Code
|Railway Zone
|Total Platforms
|Bhopal Junction
|West Central Railway
|Bhopal Habibganj
|West Central Railway
|Bhopal Bairagarh
|Western Railway
|Bhopal Misrod
|West Central Railway
|Bhopal Sukhisewania
|West Central Railway
|Bhopal Mandideep
|West Central Railway
So in total Bhopal has 6 Railway Stations within its city limits.
The Main Railway Station as well as Bhopal Habibganj Railway Station are selected along with 47 Other Railway Stations to emerge as The World Class Railway Station. The Bhopal Junction and Bhopal Habibganj have already received ISO 9001:2000 CERTIFICATE.
The Main Railway Station of Bhopal is located:
- 9 km north of the city centre
- 7 km from Bhopal Habibganj
Structure and Facilities[edit]
The railway station consist a total number of 6 Platforms. The Platforms are well furnished and provide the following facilities:
- 14 Gents Waiting Halls
- 4 Ladies Waiting Halls
- Railway Restaurants
- 12 Food Plaza
- RO Vending Water Machine
- 18 Reserved Computerised Ticket Counters
- 10 Un-Reserved Computerised Ticket Counters
- Railway Parking System
- Water Reserve System
- Internet Cafes
- STD Calling Booths
- Sanitation Facilities and Complex
Bhopal Junction Railway Station is located on the Main Delhi–Chennai route which halts more than 200 daily trains, with a total of more than 380 trains within a week. To the north of the Bhopal Junction lies Bina Junction, to the south lies Itarsi Junction. There is one track which connect Bhopal to the west with Ujjain Junction, Ratlam Junction and Ahmedabad Junction. Also to some portion of Indore Junction and Dewas Junction.
Important trains originating[edit]
Bhopal city is the starting point for the Fastest train of India The Bhopal Shatabdi Express as well as the fastest mail express train which is also India's first ISO certified train Shaan-e-Bhopal Express, while the newly announced Bhopal–Indore AC Double Decker Intercity Express will be the first AC Double Decker train and Bhopal–Indore AC Double Decker Non-Stop Express will be the first non-stop point to point train of Central India (Madhya Pradesh & Chhattisgarh). The Mail, Express and Passenger trains starting from Bhopal include :
- 12001/12002: Bhopal Shatabdi Express
- 12061/12062: Bhopal Jan Shatabdi Express
- 12153/12154: Bhopal - Mumbai Express
- 12155/12156: Shaan-e-Bhopal Express
- 12183/12184: Bhopal–Lucknow–Pratapgarh Express
- 12185/12186: Bhopal–Rewa Rewanchal Express
- 12193/12194: Bhopal - Lucknow Express
- 12197/12198: Bhopal - Gwalior Intercity Express
- 12593/12594: Bhopal - Lucknow Garibrath Express
- 12853/12854: Bhopal–Durg Amarkantak Express
- 13025/13026: Bhopal - Howrah Express
- 18235/18236: Bhopal - Bilaspur Express
- 19323/19324: Bhopal - Indore Intercity Express
- 19655/19656: Bhopal - Jaipur Express
- 22161/22162: Bhopal - Damoh Intercity Express
- 22183/22184: Bhopal - Indore AC Double Decker Intercity Express
- 22185/22186: Bhopal - Indore AC Double Decker Non-Stop Express
- 22187/22188: Bhopal - Jabalpur Intercity Express
- 11271/11272: Bhopal–Itarsi Vindhyachal Express
Important trains passing through[edit]
The location of Bhopal Junction is such that the trains for almost every Indian state (excluding Himachal, Assam and North East) are available. The station halts five pairs of Rajdhani Express, two pairs of Garibrath Express, Shatabdi Express, Duronto Express and about 210 pairs of express, while 13 pairs of passenger trains. The Bhopal Junction railway station being the major station of the city is also the originating point of the fastest train of India, Bhopal Shatabdi. The important trains which pass through Bhopal Junction for different Indian states include :
Trains for Jammu & Kashmir[edit]
- Indore–Jammu Tawi Malwa Express
- Pune–Jammu Tawi Jhelum Express
- Chennai–Jammu Tawi Andaman Express
- Kanyakumari– Trivandrum Central -Jammu Tawi Himsagar Express
- Madurai–Jammu Express
- Mangalore–Jammu Tawi Navyug Express
- Tirunelveli–Jammu Tawi Express
Trains for Punjab[edit]
- Mumbai CST–Ferozpur Punjab Mail
- Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Amritsar Express
- Nanded–Amritsar Sachkhand Express
- Bilaspur–Amritsar Chhattisgarh Express
- Nanded - Amritsar Superfast Express
Trains for Haryana/Uttrakhand[edit]
- Madurai Chandigarh Express
- Madurai Dehradun Express
- Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Haridwar AC Superfast Express
Trains for Delhi[edit]
- New Delhi Habibganj Shatabdi Express
- Habibganj–Hazrat Nizamuddin Bhopal Express
- Jabalpur–New Delhi Shridham Express
- Chhindwara–Delhi Sarai Rohilla Patalkot Express
- Puducherry–New Delhi Superfast Express
- Chennai–New Delhi Tamil Nadu Express
- Chennai–New Delhi G.T. Express
- Chennai Rajdhani Express
- Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express
- Madurai–Hazrat Nizamuddin Tamil Nadu Sampark Kranti Express
- Coimbatore–Hazrat Nizamuddin Congu Express
- Kanyakumari–Hazrat Nizamuddin Thirukural Express
- Trivandrum Central –New Delhi Kerala Express
- Trivandrum Central –Hazrat Nizamuddin Swarna Jayanti Express
- Ernakulam–Hazrat Nizamuddin Mangala Lakshadweep Express
- Ernakulam–Hazrat Nizamuddin Millennium Express
- Bengaluru–New Delhi Karnataka Express
- Bangalore Rajdhani Express
- Yeswantpur–Hazrat Nizamuddin Karnataka Sampark Kranti Express via. Pune
- Yeswantpur–Hazrat Nizamuddin Karnataka Sampark Kranti Express via. Nagpur
- Mysore–Hazrat Nizamuddin Swarna Jayanti Express
- Vasco de Gama–Hazrat Nizamuddin Goa Express
- Kolhapur–Hazrat Nizamuddin Swarna Jayanti Express
- Bhusawal–Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express
- Raigarh–Hazrat Nizamuddin Express Gondwana Express
- Hyderabad–New Delhi Telangana Express
- Hyderabad–Hazrat Nizamuddin Dakshin Express
- Secunderabad Rajdhani Express
- Vizag–Hazrat Nizamuddin Samata Express
- Vizag–Hazrat Nizamuddin Swarna Jayanti Express
- Vizag–Hazrat Nizamuddin Link Dakshin Express
- Tirupati–Hazrat Nizamuddin Telangana Sampark Kranti Express
Trains for Uttar Pradesh[edit]
- Bhopal–Lucknow–Pratapgarh Express
- Bhopal–Lucknow Bhopal Garibrath Express
- Chennai–Lucknow Express
- Trivandrum Central–Gorakhpur Raptisagar Express
- Ernakulam–Gorakhpur Rapti Sagar Express
- Bengaluru–Gorakhpur Express
- Bengaluru–Gorakhpur Super Express
- Hyderabad–Gorakhpur Express
- Mumbai CST–Lucknow Pushpak Express
- Lokmanya Tilak Terminus–Lucknow Express
- Lokmanya Tilak Terminus–Agra Lashkar Express
- Lokmanya Tilak Terminus–Kanpur Udyognagri Express
- Lokmanya Tilak Terminus–Varanasi Kamayani Express
- Lokmanya Tilak Terminus–Allahabad Tulsi Express
- Lokmanya Tilak Terminus–Bareily Express
- Lokmanya Tilak Terminus–Sultanpur Express
- Lokmanya Tilak Terminus–Gorakhpur Kushinagar Express
- Gorakhpur Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Superfast Express
- Pune–Lucknow Express
- Itarsi–Jhansi Passenger
- Valsad–Kanpur Udyog Karmi Express
Trains for Bihar[edit]
- Indore - Patna Express
- Indore - Rajendra Nagar Via. Faizabad Express
- Mumbai CST–Chhapra Express
- Ernakulam–Barauni Rapti Sagar Express
Trains for West Bengal[edit]
- Bhopal–Howrah Express
- Indore–Howrah Shipra Express
- Ajmer–Kolkata Express
- Bhuj-Shalimar Express
Trains for Orissa[edit]
- Jodhpur–Puri Express
- Valsad–Puri Express
Trains for Telangana[edit]
- Hazrat Nizamuddin–Secunderabad Secunderabad Rajdhani Express
- New Delhi–Hyderabad Telangana Express
- Hazrat Nizamuddin–Hyderabad Dakshin Express
- Hazrat Nizamuddin–Tirupati Telangana Sampark Kranti Express
- Ajmer–Hyderabad Express
- Ajmer–Hyderabad Superfast Express
Trains for Andhra Pradesh[edit]
- Hazrat Nizamuddin–Vizag Samata Express
- Hazrat Nizamuddin–Vizag Swarna Jayanti Express
- Hazrat Nizamuddin–Vizag Link Express
Trains for Tamil Nadu[edit]
- New Delhi–Chennai Grand Trunk Express
- New Delhi–Chennai Tamil Nadu Express
- Chennai Rajdhani Express
- Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express
- Chennai Hazrat Nizamuddin Duronto Express
- Jammutawi–Chennai Andaman Express
- Lucknow–Chennai Express
- Dehradun Madurai Express
- Chandigarh–Chennai Express
- Jaipur–Chennai Express
- Hazrat Nizamuddin–Madurai Express
- Jammutawi–Madurai Navyug Express
- Hazrat Nizamuddin–Coimbatore Congo Express
- Jaipur–Coimbatore Express
- Jammutawi–Trivandrum Central-Kanyakumari Himsagar Express
- Jammutawi–Tirunelveli Express
- Hazrat Nizamuddin–Kanyakumari Thirukural Express
Trains for Kerala[edit]
- Indore– Trivandrum Central Ahilyanagari Express
- New Delhi– Trivandrum Central Kerala Express
- Hazrat Nizamuddin– Trivandrum Central Swarna Jayanti Express
- Gorakhpur– Trivandrum Central Raptisagar Express
- Hazrat Nizamuddin–Ernakulam Mangla Lakshdeep
- Hazrat Nizamuddin–Ernakulam Millennium Express
- Barauni–Ernakulam Rapti Sagar Express
Trains for Karnataka[edit]
- Indore–Yesvantpur Indore - Bangalore Express
- New Delhi–Bangalore Karnataka Express
- Bangalore Rajdhani Express
- Hazrat Nizamuddin–Yeswantpur Karnataka Sampark Kranti Express
- Hazrat Nizamuddin–Yeswantpur Bengaluru Link Express
- Gorakhpur–Bengaluru Express
- Gorakhpur–Yeswantpur Express
- Hazrat Nizamuddin–Mysore Swarna Jayanti Express
- Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express
Trains for Goa[edit]
- Hazrat Nizamuddin–Vasco de Gama Goa Express
Trains for Maharashtra[edit]
- Habibganj - LTT Express
- Ferozpur–Mumbai CST Punjab Mail
- Lucknow–Mumbai CST Pushpak Express
- Agra–Mumbai CST Express
- Chhapra–Mumbai CST Express
- Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Amritsar Express
- Lucknow–Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express
- Kanpur–Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Udyognagri Express
- Agra–Gwalior–Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Lashkar Express
- Varanasi–Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Kamayani Express
- Allahabad–Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Tulsi Express
- Bareily–Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express
- Sultanpur–Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express
- Gorakhpur–Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Kushinagar Express
- Gorakhpur–Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express
- Gorakhpur Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Superfast Express
- Haridwar–Lokmanya Tilak Terminus AC Express
- Jammutawi–Pune Jhelum Express
- Hazrat Nizamuddin–Pune Express
- Lucknow–Pune Express
- Jaipur–Pune Express
- Gwalior–Pune Express
- Amritsar–Huzur Shahib Nanded Sachkhand Express
- Sri Ganganagar–Hazur Shahib Nanded Express
- Hazrat Nizamuddin–Bhusawal Gondwana Express
- Hazrat Nizamuddin–Kolhapur Express
- Hazrat Nizamuddin–Kolhapur Swarna Jayanti Express
- Indore - Nagpur Express
- Nagpur - Indore Tri Shatabdi Express
- Jhansi–Nagpur Passenger
Trains for Gujarat[edit]
- Jabalpur Somnath Express
- Jabalpur - Rajkot Express
- Kanpur–Valsad Udyog Karmi Express
- Puri–Valsad Express
- Patna - Ahmedabad Express
Trains for Rajasthan[edit]
- Bhopal–Jaipur Express
- Bhopal - Jodhpur
- Chennai–Jaipur Express
- Coimbatore–Jaipur Express
- Mysore–Jaipur Express
- Pune–Jaipur Express
- Hyderabad–Jaipur Express
- Hyderabad–Ajmer Express
- Kolkata–Ajmer Express
- Puri–Jodhpur Express
- Hazur Shahib Nanded–Sri Ganganagar Express
Trains for destinations within the state (Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh)[edit]
Trains for Indore[edit]
- 19323/19324 Bhopal - Indore Intercity Express
- 22183/22184 Bhopal - Indore AC Double Decker Intercity Express
- 22185/22186 Bhopal - Indore AC Double Decker Non-Stop Express
- 59389/59390 Bhopal - Indore Passenger
- 11471/11472 Bhopal–Indore Express
- 18233/18234 Bilaspur–Indore Narmada Express
- 59385/59386 Chhindwara–Indore Panchvalley Express
- 12919/12920 Jammutawi–Indore Malwa Express
- 19313/19314 Rajendra Nagar Bihar–Indore Express
- 19321/19322 Patna–Indore Express
- 19305/19306 Howrah–Indore Shipra Express
- 19301/19302 Yesvantpur–Indore Express Indore - Bangalore Express
- 16325/16326 Trivandrum Central –Indore Ahilyanagari Express
- 12913/12914 Nagpur–Indore Express
- Nagpur - Indore Tri Shatabdi Express
Trains for Indore Via. Maksi[edit]
- 19325/19326 Amritsar–Indore Express
- 11701/11702 Jabalpur–Indore Intercity Express
- 59349/59350 Maksi–Bhopal–Indore–Maksi Passenger
Trains for Indore Via. Ujjain[edit]
- 12415/12416 Hazrat Nizamuddin–Indore Indore - Hazrat Nizamuddin Express
- 12973/12974 Jaipur–Indore Indore - Jaipur Express
- 19711/19712 Jaipur–Indore Express
- 12465/12466 Jodhpur–Indore Ranthambore Express
- 19701/19702 Kota–Indore Intercity Express
- 19655/19656 Udaipur City–Indore Express
- 19711/19712 Ajmer–Indore Express
- 19309/19310 Ahmedabad–Indore Shanti Express
- 19377/19378 Surat–Indore Express
- 12961/12962 Mumbai Central–Indore Avantika Express
- 19311/19312 Pune–Indore Express
- Nagpur - Indore Tri Shatabdi Express
Trains for other major cities[edit]
- Bhopal–Gwalior Intercity Express
- Bhopal–Dahod Intercity Express
- Bhopal - Jabalpur Intercity Express
- Bhopal - Jabalpur Jan Shatabdi Express
- Bhopal - Jabalpur Express
- Indore - Jabalpur Express
- New Delhi–Jabalpur Madhya Pradesh Express
- Bhopal–Rewa Rewanchal Express
- Bhopal–Itarsi Vindhyachal Express
- Delhi Sarai Rohilla–Chhindwara Express
- Delhi–Chhindwara Patalkot Express
- Indore–Chhindwara Panchvalley Express
- Amritsar - Chhindwara Chhindwara - Amritsar Chhattisgarh Express
- Bhopal–Bilaspur Express
- Indore–Bilaspur Narmada Express
- Amritsar–Bilaspur Chhaggitsarh Express
- Bilaspur Rajdhani Express
- Hazrat Nizamuddin–Raigarh Express
- Bhopal–Durg Amarkantak Express
- Hazrat Nizamuddin–Bhopal–Raipur–Vizag Samata Express
Passenger trains[edit]
- Bhopal–Jodhpur–Bhopal
- Bhopal–Bina–Bhopal
- Bhopal–Indore–Bhopal
- Bhopal–Ujjain–Bhopal
- Bhopal–Dahod–Bhopal
- Jhansi–Itarsi–Jhansi
See also[edit]


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Comment: Re:On what grounds could one sue? (Score 3, Insightful) 56
On what grounds could one sue?
Probably under data privacy laws.
I imagine it would be quite hard to prove real damages with a price-tag attached.
They don't need to show financial hardship:
Google argued the point was moot because consumers suffered no financial hardship due to the practice. The UK's Court of Appeal disagreed. According to the court's judgment:
"These claims raise serious issues which merit a trial. They concern what is alleged to have been the secret and blanket tracking and collation of information, often of an extremely private nature [...] about and associated with the claimants' Internet use, and the subsequent use of that information for about nine months. The case relates to the anxiety and distress this intrusion upon autonomy has caused."


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Please help me identify these plants?
AH9200May 7, 2013
flora_uk(SW UK 8/9)
I am not convinced this is Lily of the Valley. The leaves appear to be pleated and not produced in pairs. There also seem to be brownish sheaths around the emerging stems. None of those characteristics fits L of the V. There seem to be reddish stems topped with long scaly buds emerging from the leaves. Is is possible to have a closer picture in better focus? It is really hard to make out the details.


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Ray Suarez gives a preview of his series of Global Health Unit reports from one of the poorest countries in the world, Mozambique, where the number of cases of HIV and AIDS has strained medical and financial resources. Continue reading
Jeffrey Brown gets three views on the successful rescue of 33 trapped Chilean, what techniques were used to cause the rescue to run smoothly and what it means for Chile. Continue reading
Washington Post reporter Jonathan Franklin provides an update from the scene of a rescue operation to free 33 trapped Chilean miners. Continue reading
Marcia Coyle of the National Law Journal talks about Supreme Court arguments on whether drug companies that make vaccines can be sued. Continue reading
Judy Woodruff gets two perspectives on Republicans' "Pledge to America" plans to repeal health care and cut government spending from House members Anthony Weiner, a New York Democrat, and Tom Price, a Georgia Republican. Continue reading
Leaders from around the globe are gathering in New York Monday for the start of a three-day summit on the United Nations' Millennium Development Goals. Here's a crash course on what those goals are, and where they stand. Continue reading
The Census Bureau released a report showing that one in seven Americans lived in poverty last year, and more than 50 million are not insured. Ray Suarez discusses the record poverty numbers and the recession's effects on the poor with economists Isabel Sawhill and Harry Holzer. Continue reading
Betty Ann Bowser reports from the Crescent City on one doctor's success in establishing clinics for the underinsured after Hurricane Katrina wiped out the city's main charity hospital. Continue reading
A new program at Fort Hood is designed to provide better treatment for wounded soldiers who have returned home from Afghanistan and Iraq. Ray Suarez reports. Continue reading
In a collaborative report, we examine why some veterans with traumatic brain injuries are having trouble getting awarded the Purple Heart. Continue reading


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Frank Worth
American Contemporary Art Gallery
Purvis Young
Palm Beach Modern Auctions
Max Ernst
1.600 Galerien online
Benachrichtigungen zu Künstlern
Mehr als 9 Mio. Auktionsergebnisse
Photography Before the Age of Mechanical Reproduction, 2011
Preis auf Anfrage
Fraenkel Gallery is pleased to announce The Unphotographable, an ambitious survey exploring the history of that which cannot be photographed. Comprised of approximately fifty works, the exhibition interweaves prints by artists as wide ranging as Alfred Stieglitz, Sophie Calle, Man Ray, and Glenn Ligon, as well as works by anonymous and virtually unknown photographers from the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The Unphotographable will be on view from January 3 through March 23, 2013, and will be accompanied by a 124-page hardcover book.


text:
« In-N-Out Burger's Awesome Lettuce Provider | Main | Kindly Custy Give Shout Out To Lovely Retail Slaves »
I would say nothing and just enjoy the extra food, personally.
Posted by: The Last Archimedean | Tuesday, March 26, 2013 at 02:10 PM
Damned if you do, damned if you don't.
Posted by: Expendable | Tuesday, March 26, 2013 at 03:45 PM
Am I the only one who's never counted my McNuggets when I get them there?
Posted by: Madrias | Tuesday, March 26, 2013 at 07:07 PM
I've gotten an extra one a few times and idly wondred what was going on. Apparently it's due to a practice of common courtesy.
Much as I appreciate it, courtesy should not be so rare that it deserves a reward. I'd rather no extra food reward if everyone was civil to others, personally.
Posted by: Jason Thorn | Wednesday, March 27, 2013 at 12:22 AM
@Expendable: Exactly. I currently work for a small manufacturing company, and the owner has handed down an edict that even if we do make excess parts (say, 11 when the order was only for 10) we do NOT ship those excess parts. Ever. Apparently they wasted more time on the phone reassuring customers that "it's just an excess part, and no, you weren't charged for it, consider it a freebie," than it was worth.
Posted by: BPFH | Wednesday, March 27, 2013 at 06:36 AM
I've had cheese added to my Whopper when I've been nice before. I'm allergic to cheese. Sigh.
Posted by: KAK | Saturday, March 30, 2013 at 09:31 AM
I went into a McD's late at night once when the clown before me had been ranting and raving over some perceived slight... I asked for a 10 piece nugget and fries, and the guy said 'we don't have any nuggets ready, it'll be about five minutes' and actually flinched as if I was going to smack him. "That's cool, I'm not in a hurry. I'll sit over there, wave at me when they're ready," paid for my stuff and went and sat down. They bagged it up, I thanked them and left, and when I got home found that they'd crammed the box FULL, 24 chicken mcnads in the box, apparently just because I was nice to him.
Posted by: Techtyger | Tuesday, April 02, 2013 at 12:37 AM
The comments to this entry are closed.


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Money, future expansion deterrents to new franchise
Whenever the NFL moves back to L.A., the area is more likely to get an existing franchise and not an expansion team.
Originally Published: May 24, 2006By John Clayton | ESPN.com
DENVER -- So everyone wants to know: What NFL team or teams eventually will play in the Los Angeles area"
Folks, barring a bail-out move to an interim site, there won't be a Los Angeles-based team before 2010. That's a long time and this process of finding a site is going to be more painful and complicated than most realize. How painful?
Only those who form the 11-man committee trying to resolve this matter reluctantly realize expansion can't be ruled out even though expanding the ...
Read full story
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After featuring in Bollywood films like "Hate Story 2" and "Desi ...
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Rocca Di Fabbri Sagrantino Di Montefalco 2008
Rocca Di Fabbri - Umbria - Italy - Montefalco
Professional Wine Reviews for Rocca Di Fabbri Sagrantino Di Montefalco 2008Additional information »
2008 saw very high yields across wineries in much of the southern hemisphere, as a result of highly favorable climatic conditions. Although in many areas, these high yields brought with them something of a drop in overall quality, this could not be said for South Australia's wines, which were reportedly excellent. Indeed, the 2008 Shiraz harvest in South Australia is said to be one of the most successful in recent decades, and western Australia's Chardonnays are set to be ones to watch out for. New Zealand's Pinot Noir harvest was also very good, with wineries in Martinborough reportedly very excited about this particular grape and the characteristics it revealed this year. Pinot Noir also grew very well in the United States, and was probably the most successful grape varietal to come out of California in 2008, with Sonoma Coast and Anderson Valley delivering fantastic results from this grape. Elsewhere in United States, Washington State and Oregon had highly successful harvests in 2008 despite some early worries about frost. However, it was France who had the best of the weather and growing conditions in 2008, and this year was one of the great vintages for Champagne, the Médoc in Bordeaux, Languedoc-Roussillon and Provence, with Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay grapes leading the way. Italy, too, shared many of these ideal conditions, with the wineries in Tuscany claiming that their Chianti Classicos of 2008 will be ones to collect, and Piedmont's Barberesco and Barolo wines will be recognized as amongst the finest of the past decade.
The region of Umbria in central Italy is one of the country's most interesting wine regions, as well as being one of the most ancient. Umbria was home to many of the Roman's finest wines, and ancient civilizations such as the Romans were quick to recognize the potential a small region such as Umbria had, with its rolling, lush green hillsides, long hot summers and cooler ripening periods. Today, the region has a strong and characterful wine industry, with wineries in Umbria keen to experiment with blending together native grape varietals such as Sangiovese and Grechetto with imported Bordeaux varietals, in order to produce truly unique and exceedingly delicious wines. Tradition still plays an important role in Umbria, however, and wineries in the region are keen to use modern techniques alongside their time honored methods in order to produce the best wines possible.
It isn't difficult to understand why Italy is famed not just for the quality of its wines, but also for the vast variety and range of characteristics found in the wines there. The terrain of the country varies wildly, from the lush rolling green hills and valley of Tuscany, to the sun drenched rocky coasts of Sicily, the mountainous and alpine regions of the north, and the marshy lowlands of the east. Italy really does have a little bit of everything. Combine this huge range of landscapes with an almost perfect climate for grape cultivation, and you have a country seemingly designed for viticultural excellence. The results speak for themselves, and it is clear to see that wine has become an inseparable part of Italian culture as a result of its abundance and brilliance. Each village, city and region has a local wine perfectly matched with the cuisine of the area, and not an evening passes without the vast majority of Italian families raising a glass of locally sourced wine with pride and pleasure.


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Style Watch PollCeleb Fashion Hit or Miss?
Vote on this week's styles including Nicole Richie, Jessica Alba and more stars! You decide – are they fashionistas or flops?
Credit: Theo Wargo/WireImage
Updated: Friday Nov 14, 2008 | 11:30 AM EST
More from PEOPLE
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Center Township's Best Schools
Best Schools in Center Township
Which schools are assigned to my home?
About Center Township
Center Township has 1 schools.
School Districts Near Center Township
- Beaver County Career and Technical Center
- Central Valley School District
- Beaver Area Academic Cs
- Aliquippa School District
- Rochester Area School District
Disclaimer: School attendance zone boundaries are supplied by Maponics and are subject to change. Check with the applicable school district prior to making a decision based on these boundaries.


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Puma Son of Mountain Lion is a half-Indian boy who is away from the village undergoing the rites of manhood. When he returns, he finds his village destroyed by a warring tribe and his family slain. His mother dies in his arms and her last words are: "Go find your father."Puma finds his father in Santa Fe, New Mexico. His father welcomes him with open arms and trains him in the while man's ways.
A Man Called Ty is history, heroism, and adventure.The Civil War has ended, but his father has not come home. At his mother's urging, young Ty Terel goes in search for him. When Ty returns, carpetbaggers have killed his mother and sister and taken his land. Ty is no gunfighter, but he is a brave young man; a showdown occurs, and he avenges their death. Ty then must flee into the wild, untamed West
About half of the immigrants who came to the American colonies in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were indentured. This practice carried on well into the nineteenth century in a smaller scale.The term "indentured servant" is just another way of saying you signed a paper agreeing to work without wages for a given number of years to pay for your passage to the New World. It was a heavy
A Button in the Fabric of Time (Book #1)The universe contains billions upon billions of galaxies, and many of those galaxies contain multiple billions of planets. Perhaps, among those planets, there are worlds where people can reside.New Worlds to Conquer is a sequel to A Button in the Fabric of Time, about Gus, a twenty-first century engineer, who travels into the thirty-first century. There he meets a beautiful woman, marries her, and
A tribe of stone aged people lived in a village of caves carved into a sandstone cliff by a stream that flowed into a valley shrouded by a perpetual mist. The village was called Lalock, and the Lalocks called the Valley of Mist the valley of death, because a few people entered the mist but none returned. The Lalocks worshiped fire, but they were unhappy because the wicked High Priest ruled with an
Danny is the son of a son of a frontiersman who settled in the American West in what came to be called Indian Territory, before the government under President Andrew Jackson assigned portions of the land to the Five Civilized Tribes, the Cherokee, Choctaw, Creek, Chickasaw, and Seminole Indians. They were called civilized because they lived like white men, but they were dislocated by people moving
Can a woman, beautiful beyond a man's dreams, find love through the search for it in the unbridled lust for sex, so raw that it reaches the point of violence? Can a man's love be strong enough to endure watching the woman he loves, make love to a man so handsome that the woman he loves desires him even though he is a scoundrel? Can the man or the woman search for a lost city of gold that contains
William Wayne "Bill" Dicksion was born the fourth child, and the third son of William Madden, a poor rancher/farmer, and his wife, Almeda, in Oklahoma. "Wayne," as he was called in his younger days, not to be confused with his father's name, was precocious and trouble was his lot in life. Later, he picked up the nickname "Bill."The brief moments begin when Wayne is five years old and recorded
A Button in the Fabric of TimeAfter thousands of years of atomic warfare, the Antons on planet Ergo had mutated so badly that they were no longer recognizable as human. They escaped to planet Duos in Galaxy 3 and established a new civilization. They wanted to restore their bodies, so they searched the universe and found people living on Earth in the thirty-first century with perfect bodies. The Antons wanted to use the
Paul Di Filippo is one of Science Fiction's finest short story writers, wild, witty, exuberantly imaginative; Babylon Sisters and Other Posthumans is a generous showcase of his strange, transformative, and powerful hard science fiction visions. The fourteen stories collected here are glimpses into the most fantastic possibilities of human evolution-biological, social, and cultural. From a New
As a young college student in the early 1970s, Laurie Wagner had never camped out, never gone hiking, and never lived without electricity or indoor plumbing. Yet she walked away from these comforts and headed for the wildest reaches of Montana to live with a man she had not met in person.When I Came West is Laurie Wagner Buyer's account of her terrifying and exhilarating years in Montana as she
Grammar Rules Made Funny (2): How to Improve Your Spoken and Written American Business EnglishYou want to speak and write business English like an American, right? You have been working hard, sometimes very hard, to learn English. Yet, somehow you still lack confidence in your English. Why? My more than 20 years of teaching English keep telling me that there are two things missing in your English. Which two? 1. What is American English? 2. What are the common verbs (used by American


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Anthony Hetheridge, ninth Baron of Wellegrave and Chief Superintendent for New Scotland Yard, has never married, has no children, no pets, no hobbies, and not even an interesting vice - and will turn sixty in three weeks. With the exception of his chosen career, too sordid for his blue-blooded family to condone, his life has been safe and predictable. But then he meets Detective Sergeant Kate Wakefield - beautiful, willful, and nearly half his age.
When Hetheridge saves the outspoken, impetuous young detective from getting the sack, siding with her against Scotland Yard's powerful male hierarchy, his cold, elegantly balanced world spins out of control.
Summoned to London's fashionable Belgravia to investigate the brutal murder of a financier, Hetheridge must catch the killer while coping with his growing attraction to Kate, the reappearance of an old flame, and a secret that emerges from his past.
©2011 Emma Jameson (P)2013 Emma Jameson
"Terrible narrator!"
The story is good, but the narration ruined it.
Jack Wallen assumed voices that demeaned the intelligence of the characters, in particular Kate and Bahr. Kate is an intelligent woman, and he made her sound stupid and unprofessional.
I enjoy reading the series and would have enjoyed a decent narration. It is unbelievable that the author (if she had any say) approved this narrator. I would only buy another Audible in this series if the narrator is changed.
Paul Osborne
"Good Story, But the Reader was Awful"
It was a good mystery with a back story. Bit too much back story, but barely so.
I adore English mysteries!!! I love nothing better than hearing a British accent in my earphones!
"Horrid narrator!"
A different reader! He has an awful voice difficult to listen to. He also has a very small store of voices he can use that the story is almost ruined. His short, choppy style is distracting and annoying. I can't believe the publisher hired him after thr first book.
No, almost unlistenable
In every way possible. I'm shocked any producer could have found this performance acceptable.
The story is almost lost in my annoyance with the reader.
Tell us about yourself!
"About Type AB blood"
A big part of the plot hinges on something that is repeated a few times, but is not true, as though saying it more than once would make it true. Most authors do enough background research to know something as basic as the fact that a child with Type AB blood can not have any birth parents with Type O blood, because one parent contributed the A gene and the other contributed the B gene. So one parent was A or AB and the other was B or AB. If the mother was Type O, the child was adopted.
The books are generally good.
Actually, I'm not a huge fan of the way this book was read, because sentences tended to have the same tempo and emphasis, regardless of the content. Also, the communicative style chosen for Deepal makes him sound continuously sly and sarcastic.
"Terrific story and engaging characters"
Really engaging characters. I'm more of a traditional cozy fan and generally don't like more modern day mysteries with modern day sensibilities on sex and profanity. HOWEVER, I do like interesting characters and after the first book I found myself eager to read more. This is a well written and engaging book.
I definitely wanted to listen to this book in one sitting. I've read the second book and am downloading the third as I write this.
"Terrible narrator"
The narrator can't do women's voices and shouldn't try. He can barely do the voices for different men, but for any women here, he falls right down.
No, never, ever.
It introduced me to a writer who is new to me. I will look for more by her, but definitely not another book narrated by this guy.
I'm amazed that this performance was considered acceptable.
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Today our journey took place at a local clothing store. Where the sexy Landon and kelly were in charge, and all they wanted was cash. Jmac and Voodoo made sure the money was spent correctly and had them naked instantly. They showed off their sexy bodies and locked the store front door so the fun could begin. They switched around fucking them in every position you could think of. Watching Landons huge ass bounce on the counter was the highlight of my day. Enjoy....
"Night Moves"
"Turkey Stuffing"
"Give It To Me"
Monica Santhiago
"Tianas Tatas"
"Popping Cherry"
Cherry Hilson
"In The Flesh"
Miranda Jay
"Pump It Up"
Eve Evans
"Rub On Ruby"
Ruby Rayes
"Hidden Rose"
Rachel Rose
"Fender Bender"
Alessandria Love


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Can the Cost of settling a dispute over Intellectual Property between two companies be claimed as an allowable business expense for the "losing" company?
corporation tax
Company suffered large loss of stock, machinery due to major fire but received an insurance payout for;
We have a client who's year end is 31 January. For the year to 2012 they are showing profit of 300K and tax of around 100k.
Software provider CaseWare has te
Mobile phone giant Vodafone is under pressure again after it emerged it did not pay any corporation tax in the UK last year.
HMRC's long-term strategy for mandatory iXBRL tagging has been watered down as a result of recent consultations on its "digital by default" strategy.
Would "gesture of goodwill" compensation for wasting a corporate customer's time due to inept database information gathering be taxable?
CTM01405 states that apportionment of accounting period profits to the relevant financial years must be made on a time basis.
A client company has four flats which it rents out, three of which are to directors. The directors have decided not to charge themselves ground rent, demanding it only from the fourth tenant.
- Tax tables 2013-14 72,617 12
- iXBRL/XBRL Accounts 32,017 15
- Tax tables 2012-13 20,949 4
- What you need to know about iXBRL tagging 19,254 7
- Marginal Rate of Tax 15,774 5


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Ak can be had.. what you looking to do?
Is Lillard available?
Monta Ellis + Shawn Marion + Samuel Dalembert
Wesley Matthews + Nicolas Batum + Lopez
I disagree with you on Kyrie he still has a ton of name value, way more than Lillard
Kyrie/Jeff Green for Lillard/Batum?
alright sounds good
im not sure who else but I would like Batum also
How about Kyrie for Lillard base?
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