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European Journal of Business and Management www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1905 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2839 (Online) Vol 4, No.16, 2012 Behaving Ethically: An Essence of Islamic Marketing System Prof. Madya Dr. Md Golam Mohiuddin, Faculty of Management and Human Resource Development University Technology Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia. Email:email@example.com, Md. Shariful Haque, Assistant Professor, Dept. of Business Administration, International Islamic University Chittagong,Bangladesh. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the dimensions of ethical behavior of Marketers and to bring about the significance of behaving ethically and the impact of ethical behavior on modern business. Another purpose is to identify the relationship of ethical behavior with Islam.This is fully literature based conceptual paper which contains information from different secondary sources like articles, magazines, books relevant to the topic. Different charts and models are presented to show this concept easily.The analysis indicated that ethical behavior have two dimensions. One is conventional and the other is religion based and mainly Islamic. Only the religion based ethical behavior can lead to the utmost satisfaction of the customers and all stakeholders.This paper suggests the marketers a model which shows the ethical behavior guided by 'Islam' which guarantees welfare of marketers here in and here after.This paper is an original work and approaches value to the marketers who want to provide the value in true sense to the customer. Key Words: Ethics, Ethical dilemma, Akhirah(hereafter), Taqwa(fear of Allah). 1. Introduction Marketers in this modern world are going through numerous challenges to keep their strong footstep in the market. The market is full of diversity (Kotler, 2013). The vast cultural diversity of about 1.5 billion Muslims worldwide; their different levels of religious commitment and practice pose a foremost challenge when one attempts to understand and practice business ethics from an Islamic perspective. Referring Jones, 1995; Lee et al, 2003; Baron, 1999; Pava, 1997, 1998; Badawi (2005) mentioned that a significant number of works have been done and published in the area linking Christianity or Judaism to business ethics or Marketing ethics. But only few articles have been done on the topic Islamic Marketing Ethics.Badawi has a significant contribution in the field of Ethics and particularly Islamic Ethics. In this study we have tried to show the dimensions and dilemmas of ethical behavior in the field of Islamic Marketing. 2. Objectives of the Study General objective of this study is to analyze critically the existing study on Business Ethics both from conventional and Islamic viewpoints and to provide some insights to enrich the Islamic ethical behavioral of marketer and to prove Islamic ethics the superior. In support of the broad one some specific objectives are: i. To determine the values in conventional ethics and in Islamic ethics through literature study ii. To sketch a model for ethical decision making iii. To suggest a model of consequences of ethical and unethical practices in Islam iv. To give recommendations on behaving ethically. 3. Methodology of the Study 34 European Journal of Business and Management www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1905 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2839 (Online) Vol 4, No.16, 2012 This is fully a conceptual paper constructed based on literature. Publications of different types relevant to the topic have been collected, studied and analyzed. A thought has been developed in this process the outcome of which is this paper.Besides the Holy Quran and traditions of Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) have been chosen as good references of this study. 4. Limitations of this Study The study is not assumed free from limitations. Although adequate precautionary measures have been taken in the present study, it is supposed to be complacent in the matter of reliability of those data. The main two limitations are discussed below: a)It is a conceptual study. No information has been collected from primary sources. b)Scarce of adequate literature is a serious drawback to proceed with the study. 5. Ethical behavior: Literature Review Ethical behavior means the conducts of marketer which is guided by morality. The summery, from different online dictionaries, ethical behavior is behavior which is appropriate and is based on morals. Ethical behavior is the right way to behave and is choosing the right and good. Or, Ethical behavior is when someone does the best behavior. All they do and speak follow good moral principles. People enjoy being around others who have a good ethical behavior (www.answer.ask.com, 2012). Ketz (2003) opines if a business wants itself to be called an ethical accepted business, must have to take actions which are ethically accepted. Here the action means ethical behavior. For an acceptable ethical behavior the conventional approaches reinforces the conductor's education and fear of punishment of going unethical. Tufail&Irfan (2009) told it is required to have clear sense of one's duties and responsibilities to be an ethical. It is considered that responsibilities a person is having can be cleared by education and fear of punishment for going unethical. In a work Kjonstad&Willmott (1995) showed the ethical behavior should not be restrictive rather empowering. Developing the moral learning and judgment may be the means for empowering. They worked more on the seventh stage of moral development, as the stage was comparatively underdeveloped in Kohlberg's (1971, 1973, 1981) work. Saeed& Ahmed (2001) discussed the secular theories (Teleology, Deontology and Relativism) related to ethical behavior.Within the context of the Islamic framework, they offered an alternative explanation and argued that the development of a global moral order in fact reflects a natural universal desire for a more stringent moral and ethical value system and gives support to the view that there exist innate universal moral values in every human being irrespective of their culture, creed, or religion. This movement towards a "global moral order" represents a process of nature which the Qur'an describes as, ". . . For the scum disappears like froth cast out; while that which is for the good of mankind remains on the earth . . ." (Al-Qur'an 13:17). To explain the global moral order purely in terms of social, cognitive and moral develop- ment theories would be misleading and would not do justice to this world-wide phenomenon. Islam believes in a natural inclination to higher ideals. Within this context, the emergence of a global moral order represents the enduring spiritual dimension of human beings which can never be suppressed altogether. 35 European Journal of Business and Management www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1905 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2839 (Online) Vol 4, No.16, 2012 6. Ethical dilemma An ethical dilemma or moral dilemma is a situation in which a person attempts to resolve an action or course of action against her moral or ethical values. In the workplace, an ethical dilemma could be an accountant employee that reimburses another employee for an ostensible company expense such as a business lunch. The accountant overhears a telephone conversation later in which the reimbursed employee thanks his girlfriend for a wonder dinner. The dilemma is to report the fraud and have the employee fired or keep it to yourself but waste company money (www.ehow.com, 2012). 7. Why Marketing should be Ethical? The following points provide the justification for being ethical: a) Ethical way is the best policy to all stakes b) It brings firm's reputation creating goodwill c) Long run customer satisfaction can be achieved through ethical behavior d) Performance of an organization may be well accepted and acknowledged by the regulatory agencies e) Negative impression/rumors to the society or general people may be headed off f) Behaving ethically make the organization a social asset g) Ethical Behavior of one organization create social cue to others behaving ethically h) Ethical marketing makes firms morally and financially sound which enhances the service quality i) Ethical issue is one of the mostly discussed issues in modern business and marketing. So, firms may get familiarity practicing a sound ethical behavior j) As an impact of globalization, people (customers) are becoming concerned about fair and ethical marketing practices. Here the ethical behavior may work as a safeguard to the organization. 8.Axioms of Islamic Ethics Islamreligion.com states Islam is a wide-ranging way of life. Morality is one of the cornerstones of Islam and is one of the fundamental sources of a nation's strength when immorality causes decline of an individual, a family, an organization, a society and a state as a whole. Islam has established some universal fundamental rights for humanity as a whole, which are to be observed in all circumstances. To uphold these rights, Islam has provided not only legal safeguards, but also a very effective moral system. Thus, whatever leads to the welfare of the individual or the society and does not oppose any maxims of the religion is morally good in Islam, and whatever is harmful is morally bad. Islam supports morality and matters that lead to a healthy society, and stands in the way against corruption and matters that lead to it. The guiding principle for the behavior of a Muslim is A'milunSa'lihan - "Virtuous Deeds". This term covers all deeds, not only acts of worship. The Guardian and Judge of all deeds is Allah (SWT) Himself. The most fundamental characteristics of a Muslim are piety and humility. A Muslim must be humble with Allah (SWT) and with other people: 36 European Journal of Business and Management www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1905 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2839 (Online) Vol 4, No.16, 2012 "And turn not your face away from people (with pride), nor walk in insolence through the earth. Verily, Allah (SWT) likes not each arrogant boaster. And be moderate (or show no insolence) in your walking, and lower your voice. Verily, the harshest of all voices is the voice (braying) of the ass." (Qur'an 31:18-19) Muslims must be in controls of their passions and desires. A Muslim should not be vain or attached to the ephemeral pleasures of this world. While most people allow the material world to fill their hearts, Muslims should keep Allah (SWT) in their hearts and the material world in their hand. Instead of being attached to the car and the job and the diploma and the bank account, all these things become tools to make us better people. "The Day whereon neither wealth nor sons will avail, but only he (will prosper) that brings to Allah (SWT) a sound heart." (Qur'an: 26:88-89). Allah (SWT) sums up righteousness in verse No. 177 of Surat Al Baqarah: 37 European Journal of Business and Management www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1905 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2839 (Online) Vol 4, No.16, 2012 "It is not righteousness that you turn your faces towards East or West; but it is righteousness (the quality of ) the one who believes in Allah (SWT) and the Last Day and the Angels, and the Book, and the Messengers; who spends of his wealth, in spite of love for it, to the kinsfolk, to the orphans, to the needy, to the wayfarer, to those who ask and for the freeing of slaves; and who is steadfast in prayers, and gives Zakah (Alms); and those who fulfill their covenants which they made; and who are patient and perseverant in poverty and ailment and throughout all periods of fighting. Such are the people of truth, the pious." This verse teaches us that righteousness and piety is based before all else on a true and sincere faith. The key to virtue and good conduct is a strong relation with Allah (SWT), who sees all, at all times and everywhere. He knows the secrets of the hearts and the intentions behind all actions. Therefore, a Muslim must be moral in all circumstances; Allah (SWT) is aware of each one when no one else is. If we deceive everyone, we cannot deceive Him. We can flee from anyone, but not from Him. The love and continuous awareness of Allah (SWT) and the Day of Judgment enables man to be moral in conduct and sincere in intentions, with devotion and dedication: "O Mankind! Indeed, the most honorable among you in the sight of Allah (SWT) is the most pious." (Qur'an 49:13) Then, comes deeds of charity to others, especially giving things we love. This, like acts of worship, prayers and Zakah (mandatory alms), is an integral part of worship. A righteous person must be reliable and trustworthy. 38 European Journal of Business and Management www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1905 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2839 (Online) Vol 4, No.16, 2012 Finally, their faith must be firm and should not wane when faced with adversity. Morality must be strong to vanquish corruption: "And Allah (SWT) loves those who are firm and steadfast." Patience is often hardest and most beautiful when it's against one's own desires or anger: "And march-forth toward forgiveness from your Lord, and for Paradise as wide as are the heavens and the earth, prepared for the pious. Those who spend (in the way of Allah (SWT)) in prosperity and in adversity, who repress anger, and who pardon people; verily, Allah (SWT) loves the doers of the good deeds." (Qur'an 3:133) These three acts are among the toughest things for most people, but they are also the key to forgiveness and to paradise. Are they not the best, those who are able to exercise charity when they are in need themselves, control when they are angry and forgiveness when they are wronged? This is the standard by which actions are judged as good or bad. By making pleasing Allah (SWT) the objective of every Muslim, Islam has set the highest possible standard of morality. Morality in Islam addresses every aspect of a Muslim's life, from greetings to international relations. It is universal in its scope and in its applicability. Morality reigns in selfish desires, vanity and bad habits. Muslims must not only be virtuous, but they must also enjoin virtue. They must not only refrain from evil and vice, but they must also forbid them. In other words, they must not only be morally healthy, but they must also contribute to the moral health of society as a whole. In the Qur'an Allah (SWT) Says: 39 European Journal of Business and Management www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1905 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2839 (Online) Vol 4, No.16, 2012 "You are the best of the nations raised up for (the benefit of) men; you enjoin what is right and forbid the wrong and believe in Allah (SWT); and if the followers of the Book had believed it would have been better for them; of them (some) are believers and most of them are transgressors." (Al Qur'an: 3:110) The Prophet (May the mercy and blessings of Allah (SWT) be upon him), summarized the conduct of a Muslim when he said: "My Sustainer has given me nine commands: to remain conscious of Allah (SWT), whether in private or in public; to speak justly, whether angry or pleased; to show moderation both when poor and when rich, to reunite friendship with those who have broken off with me; to give to him who refuses me; that my silence should be occupied with thought; that my looking should be an admonition; and that I should command what is right." 9. Distinctness of Islamic Ethical System: The Islamic ethical system is differing from secular ethical system and it is also different from other religion's moral codes. Civilization proves that secular model assumes transient and myopic since they are based on values on the human founder, i.e., happiness for happiness sake. These views have no relationship with religions. Some religions have apathy about the worldly life, i.g.; Christianity says not to pass life within hustle and bustle. But Islam maintains proper relationships with man to creator. It is because Allah (SWT) is omnipotent and almighty. This ethics are not limited with any time frame or areas, or these can be changed by narrow whims. These codes are perfect and they shape the whole way of Muslims life (Beekun, 2005).These are summarized in table 1. Table 1: Decision Making Criteria in different Ethical philosophies Overview of Six Major Ethical System Alternative Ethical System Decision Making Criteria Relativism Ethical decision are made on the basis of self-interest and needs Utilitarianism Ethical decisions are made on the basis of the outcomes resulting from these decisions. An action is ethical it results in the greatest benefit for the largest number of people. Universalism Ethical decisions stress the intention of the decision or action. Similar decision should be reached by everyone under similar circumstances. Rights Ethical decisions stress a single value, liberty, and are based on individual rights ensuring freedom of choice. Distributive Justice Ethical decisions stress a single value, justice and ensure an equitable distribution of wealth and benefits. Eternal Law Ethical decisions are made on the basis of eternal law which is revealed in scripture. 40 European Journal of Business and Management www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1905 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2839 (Online) Vol 4, No.16, 2012 10.TheQur'anic Concept of Marketing The Qur'an not permits but encourages marketing and business transactions. It views the life of man as a continuous process. Man's life, for the Qur'an, starts at his birth but does not end with his death. Man has to work for and earn success and comforts not only in this world but in the next one as well. In that respect marketer and marketing are classified as: (Ahmad, 1995) a) Gainful marketing b) Loosing marketing A gainful marketer, according to the Qur'an, consists of three elements: a) Knowing the best investment b) Making the sound judgment c) Following the right conduct. The best investment consists in seeking the pleasure of Allah. Endurance of physical pain and mental torture as a result of forced expulsion from one's homeland and forbearance of harm, fighting and killing or being killed for the sake of Truth is also a gainful investment. Preference of that which in al-lay (good) and Halal (lawful) over against that which is khabith (bad) and Haram (unlawful) is considered to be a proof of sound judgment, right conduct consisting of good deeds is regarded as the real gainful investment insofar as it ensures a peaceful life in the world as well as success and great recompense in the hereafter. The yard stick with which a person's conduct is to be measured in also prescribed by the Qur'an.Lack or absence of the elements of a gainful marketing is considered to be a losing business. To be more precise: a. Bad investment b. Unsound judgment and c. Evil conduct, necessarily end up in a losing business There are, according to the Qur'an, same transactions due to which man plunges himself into complete loss. These are: to buy this world in return for the hereafter. The Qur'an unequivocally maintains that unsound judgment regarding the crucial issues of life do result in tremendous loss. To prefer the life of this world to that of the hereafter, to prefer khabith or unclean because of it abundance and availability are the examples of unsound judgment. Involvement in any activity that is prohibited by Allah in evil conduct is bound to result and to reject the guidance reveal in the Book, to spend ones wealth just to show off, to practice usury are the example of evil conduct. Islamic Marketing Ethics (IME) is still at the stage of infant as a discipline for academic study and research. IME combines the principles of value maximization with the principles of equity and justice for the welfare (Hassan, 2008). 41 European Journal of Business and Management www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1905 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2839 (Online) Vol 4, No.16, 2012 Islamic marketing ethics (Saeed et al, 2001) differ from secular approaches in a number of ways. First, they are not relative but are absolute in their terms as they are based on Qur'anic commandments and leave no scope for ambiguous interpretation by marketing executives to suit their individual whims and desires. The second notable difference is their transcendental aspect of absoluteness and non-malleable nature. Third, the Islamic approach emphasizes value- maximization in view of the greater good of the society rather than selfish pursuit of profit maximization. Such properties grant Islamic ethics tremendous capacity to penetrate human conscience and are capable of influencing the behavior of international marketing executives from within. Following figures show the consequences of gainful and loosing marketers: - Unlawful - Halal Business Will have greater acceptability in existing customers and will enter Will have lesser acceptability in customers and will enter and stay Business - True & Honest and stay in the Heaven with Prophet, Martyrs', and Good doers… - Exaggeration in Marketing promotion with - Service Profit motive Motives Gainful Marketers Loosing Marketers - Unfair - Maintaining Marketing Social - Hoarding Responsibility - Bribery - Respect to - Business Law & Order including Riba - Spiritual (interest) Character in the Hellfire forever……….. - Selfishness - Fair Marketing - Greediness - Keeping - Unjust measure promise in goods and - Value based services Marketing - Not much - Trustful and Trustful and Credible Credible Fig 1: A comparative performance and consequences of Loosing and Gainful Marketers. 11.Model for ethical decision making Ferrell & Grisham (1985) has given a contingency model of ethical decision making. They explored a significant gap in the theoretical literature on marketing ethics and recommended the following contingency framework as a starting point for the development of a theory of ethical/unethical decision behavior. It is not much inconsistent or conflicting to the decision making on the basis of Islamic ethics. Still it can be used as a foundation. Here the marketers feel obligation to follow some guidelines which are set and prescribed by the human being. So, there are ample loopholes. But Islamic Ethics is revealed from Allah (SWT) – the creator of this Universe. So Islamic Ethics is absolute. 42 European Journal of Business and Management www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1905 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2839 (Online) Vol 4, No.16, 2012 INDIVIDUAL FACTORS - Knowledge - Values - Attitudes - Intention ETHICAL ISSUE OR Evaluation of DILEMMA Behavior SOCIAL -Advertising deception INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR - Ethical and -Falsifying Research data - Unethical CULTURAL DECISION -Price Collusion MAKING Environment -Bribes -Bid rigging SIGNIFICANT OPPORTUNITY OTHERS - Professional codes - differential - Corporate Policy association - Rewords/punishme - Role set configuration nt Figure 2: A Contingency Model of Ethical Decision Making in a Marketing Organization (Source: Ferrell, O.C., and Gresham, L.G., (1985) "A Contingency Framework for Understanding Ethical Decision Making in Marketing", Journal of Marketing, Vol. 49, Pp. 87 – 96.) 12. Recommendations Islam reinforces the sanctification of one's heart and mind to make it ready for any practices. One has to submit himself or herself to the Lord Allah (SWT) completely. As He said in the holy Qur'an (Surat Al-Baqarah, Ch. 2, verse No. 208): O you, who have believed, enter into Islam completely [and perfectly] and do not follow the footsteps of Satan (Devil). Indeed, he is to you a clear enemy. This divine voice only, if someone follows, can make him or her perfect and keep away 43 European Journal of Business and Management www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1905 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2839 (Online) Vol 4, No.16, 2012 from anything unjust and unethical. To ensure the full enforceability of ethical practices there needs a well organized Islamic society and finally an Islamic state. 13. Conclusion In conclusion it is to be said that in marketing ethical practices is must, not choice. So every marketer should come across practicing or behaving ethically. Now the question is what kind of ethics is bona fide? Conventional or Islamic? In this study we tried to prove that Islamic Ethics has the dominating characteristics over others. If a marketer follows the Islamic ethics s/he will be accountable at a supreme level. So his sincerity, timeliness, modesty, honesty, integrity, accountability will be at the highest standards. So the Total Customer Satisfaction (TCS) and the Total Stakeholders Satisfaction (TSS) are possible to be ensured. There are a lot of verses in the Holy Qur'an – the divine revealed book from the Lord of the Universe Allah (SWT) available. We have mentioned here a few. As Islam provides guidelines for mankind, not only for Muslims, anyone can follow these guidelines and be a conscientious marketer with values and ethics. References: A ,Ahmad. 1995. Business Ethics in Islam, International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT), Virginia, USA, p- 28. Almeder R.1983"Morality in the Marketplace", in Milton Snoeyenbos, Robert Almeder and James Humber (eds.), Business Ethics .Prometheus Books, New York.. Badawi, J.A., and Beekun, R.I., 2005. "Balancing Ethical Responsibility among Multiple Organizational Stakeholders", Journal of Business Ethics, 60: 131-145. Beekun, R.I., 2005. Islamic Business Ethics, International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT), Virginia, USA. Ferrell, O.C., and Gresham, L.G., 1985. "A Contingency Framework for Understanding Ethical Decision Making in Marketing", Journal of Marketing, Vol. 49, Pp. 87 – 96. Hassan, A., Chachi, A. and Latiff, S.A., .2008. "Islamic Marketing Ethics and Its Impact on Customer Satisfaction in the Islamic Banking Industry", J.KAU: Islamic Economics, Vol. 21 No. 1, . p. 23-40. I.R, Al-Faruqi,.1992."AL TAWHID: Its Implications for Thought and Life", International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT), KualaLumpur). Kotler, P. and Armstrong, G., .2012. "Principles of Marketing", Prentice Hall, India, p. 12. Ketz, J.E., .2003. 'Myth And Ethics',http://sccounting.smartpros.com/x38366.xml. Kjonstad, B. and Willmott, H., .1995. "Business ethics: Restrictive or Empowering?", Journal of Business Ethics, 14: 445- 464 Tufail, M. and Irfan, M., .2009. "Business Ethics: Myths and Current Approaches", Abasyn University Journal of Social Sciences", Vol. 2, No. 1, p. 11. Saeed, M. Ahmed, Z.U. and Mukhter, S.M.., .2001."International Marketing Ethics from an Islamic Perspective: A value- Maximization Approach", Journal of Business Ethics, 32: 127 - 142 44 This academic article was published by The International Institute for Science, Technology and Education (IISTE). The IISTE is a pioneer in the Open Access Publishing service based in the U.S. and Europe. The aim of the institute is Accelerating Global Knowledge Sharing. More information about the publisher can be found in the IISTE's homepage: http://www.iiste.org CALL FOR PAPERS The IISTE is currently hosting more than 30 peer-reviewed academic journals and collaborating with academic institutions around the world. There's no deadline for submission. Prospective authors of IISTE journals can find the submission instruction on the following page: http://www.iiste.org/Journals/ The IISTE editorial team promises to the review and publish all the qualified submissions in a fast manner. All the journals articles are available online to the readers all over the world without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself. Printed version of the journals is also available upon request of readers and authors. IISTE Knowledge Sharing Partners EBSCO, Index Copernicus, Ulrich's Periodicals Directory, JournalTOCS, PKP Open Archives Harvester, Bielefeld Academic Search Engine, Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek EZB, Open J-Gate, OCLC WorldCat, Universe Digtial Library , NewJour, Google Scholar
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Nuvo 'Patton' 3-light Brushed Nickel Semi-flush Fixture
Illuminate your home with this elegant three-light semi-flush light fixture. This beautiful light fixture features frosted glass and a brushed-nickel finish. This semi-flush-mounted light will add glitz and sophistication to any decor.
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ITEM#: 14579944The Energy Star rated and classically inspired Patton is a beautiful and very versatile three-light, semi-flush fixture. A brushed nickel and frosted glass finish make this an elegant addition to any setting.
- Setting: Indoor
- Fixture finish: Brushed nickel
- Glass: Frosted glass
- Number of lights: 3
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- Dimensions: 11 inches high x 13 inches in diameter
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This fixture does need to be hard wired. Professional installation is recommended.
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Oriental house so I need simple accessories. This is a good sized fixture just perfect for my bath and closet areas. Would recommend ?Read More
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Great value on a pretty light that gives off plenty of light! We are really please with every aspect of this purchase and installation was easy. Packaging was very good.Read More
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I like this fixture but was surprised by a feature that wasn't shown in the sales photos. There is a glass disc above the bulbs, to slightly diffuse the up light that washes the ceiling and spreads the bulb heat over a larger area of ceiling, eliminating hot spots, directly above the bulbs. This works well, but traps heat if you use compact fluorescent bulbs, shortening their life. The rod that holds the bottom diffuser was also a little crooked and needed its mount bent a little, to make the diffuser hang straight. But took only a minute to correct. I just wish that every lighting fixture had a detail photo of the structure under the diffuser, (partial disassembly) so I could select based on my needs, instead of guesses about how the fixture is constructed.Read More
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How to Install a Tile Backsplash in the Bathroom
A small do-it-yourself job that can greatly improve the appearance of your bathroom is installing a tile backsplash. This could be as simple as a double row of backsplash tiles where your bathroom wall meets the vanity or countertop or an elaborate tile backsplash framing the entire area around the bathroom sink. The skills involved in laying backsplash tiles are easy to master, but even a small backsplash will require some preparation, patience and at least three separate days to complete.
Faucet Buying Guide
When you're replacing kitchen faucets or bathroom faucets that have broken or you're just working on a new look for your kitchen or bath, it can help to know a bit more about plumbing fixtures. Before checking out our wide selection of faucets for sinks and tubs, look over this faucet buying guide for some tips on selecting the perfect fixture for your plans.
Top 5 Most Comfortable Men's Wedding Rings
If you're like many men, you may not have worn any jewelry before your wedding, so wearing your wedding ring may take some getting used to. However, certain rings are more comfortable to wear by design. As you're making wedding plans, look for rings with comfort features that make them easy to wear every day.
How to Fix Broken Door Hinges
After years of use, the doors in your home will see a lot of wear and tear. Besides the door knob, the hinges see the most problems when it comes to door hardware. The door hinges themselves can become rusted or squeaky. Similarly, the holes holding the mounting screws for the hinges can become stripped causing the hinges to become loose, which in turn will cause the door to hang incorrectly. Below are some simple steps you can take to fix faulty door hardware around your home and keep the doors working properly.
Men's Wedding Band Buying Guide
You'll wear your wedding band for decades, so it should have a style you like and should be appropriate for your lifestyle. Of all your wedding preparations, your choice of ring will stay with you throughout your marriage. This guide will help you get started in your wedding band search, so you can choose a fitting symbol for your new life together.
Ring Glossary
Rings are available in many different styles, and these jewelry styles are defined in a variety of ways. Modern rings have different fashion definitions than antique rings. When you are shopping, it can be very helpful to know how pieces of jewelry are defined. Do you want to shop only for cocktail rings with a bezel setting? Do you want a wedding band with a comfort-fit design? Consider these common terms when shopping for rings.
How to Add Car Video to Your Vehicle
Those long car rides and cross-country road trips will go a lot faster with a little entertainment to speed things along. There are a number of car audio and video options for adding mobile video to your vehicle. At least one of the car video options below will probably work for your car with a little installation.
Creating Your Ideal Shower
Designing a new shower or remodeling an old one can change your entire bathroom. An updated shower can affect how you feel about the rest of the house, so your choices there have a large impact. Here are some tips for designing the ideal shower for your home.
How to Buy a Ceiling Fan
With its low electrical cost, a ceiling fan is a very efficient cooling solution for the home. Indoor ceiling fans use about as much energy as a 100-watt light bulb and can greatly reduce your home cooling expenses. The cooling effects of a ceiling fan not only save you money but let you keep your windows open longer, allowing more fresh air into your home. A ceiling fan can also be used, if it has a reverse mode, to help defray heating costs in the winter. With all of these benefits, there's no reason not to find the best ceiling fans for every room in your home. Read on for suggestions that will help you buy ceiling fans for your home.
Shipping & Returns
Usually leaves our warehouse in 1-2 business days. *
Standard Return Policy:
Items must be returned in new or unused condition and contain all original materials included with the shipment. More Details
FINAL SALE EXCLUSION: Items marked as FINAL SALE are not returnable unless the problem you experience is the result of our error.
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Our standard shipping method is ground shipping. We also offer expedited shipping for most items. Your final
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* For your protection, all orders are screened for security purposes. If your order is selected for review, our Loss Prevention Team may contact you by phone or email. There may be a two business day delay to process your order.
** Most Oversize orders are delivered within 1-4 weeks. Some orders may take 6 weeks to be delivered.

subset: commoncrawl


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Slashdot videos: Now with more Slashdot!
We've improved Slashdot's video section; now you can view our video interviews, product close-ups and site visits with all the usual Slashdot options to comment, share, etc. No more walled garden! It's a work in progress -- we hope you'll check it out (Learn more about the recent updates).
Comment: Re:Ummmm ... duh? (Score -1) 379
Comment: Photos (Score -1) 494
Comment: Dragon NaturallySpeaking (Score -1) 452
Comment: Have you ever (Score -1) 90
Comment: Re:great film! (Score -1) 44
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Comment: Re:Happy Monday from The Golden Girls! (Score -1) 93
Comment: Re:For profit proganda. (Score -1) 645
I hope that we learn from this that there are extremists everywhere, from lunatic "barbaric Muslims", to "[bloodthirsty] evangelical Christians". I also hope we look around and notice a large number of muslims and evangelical christians who are not crazy or extreme and simply want to live their lives like everyone else. Even down here in crazy right wing Texas, right on my street there are Hindu's, Muslims, Christians of all flavors, athiests, blacks, whites, and even a gay couple. We aren't killing each other, our kids aren't warring down at the elementary school.
Clearly then, what it takes to put a man in a cage, set him on fire, and burn him to death is not a property of his religion. That man is out of his mind.


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Floor Plans and Pricing
1 Bedroom
|1 x 1
|$590 - $615
|1 Bathroom
|657 Sq. Ft.
2 Bedrooms
|2 x 2
|$685 - $705
|2 Bathrooms
|912 Sq. Ft.
|2 x 2
|$765 - $785
|2 Bathrooms
|1079 Sq. Ft.
3 Bedrooms
|3 x 2
|$890 - $900
|2 Bathrooms
|1230 Sq. Ft.
Property Features
- Property Overview
- Special Features
- Community Features
- Apartment Amenities
- Local Schools
- Pet Policy
Villa Del Rio in Las Vegas, NV
Villa Del Rio offers convenience and affordable living for a stress-free lifestyle. Refresh in our sparkling pool or relax in the bubbling spa. We look forward to showing you why Villa Del Rio is an oasis of comfortable living. Features include full size washer & dryer, large walk-in closets, mini & vertical blinds, private patio or terrace, deluxe kitchens with dish washer & disposal, reserved covered parking, beautiful pool & spa, picnic and barbecue area, and lushly landscaped grounds. You can't forget we included Direct TV!
Special Features
- Full-Size Washer & Dryer
- All-Electric Kitchens
- Private Terrace or Patio
- Reserved Covered Parking
- On CAT Bus Line
- Picnic & BBQ Area
- Walk to Sam's Town Hotel, Casino & Theatres
- Large Walk-In Closets
- Locked Storage on Patio or Balcony
- Beautiful Pool and Spa
- We Pay Water, Sewer & Trash!
- Convenient to UNLV, Airport, Nellis AFT & Shopping
Community Features
- Bilingual
- Club House
- Controlled Access
- Covered Lot
- Fitness Center
- Freeway Access
- Hablamos Espanol
- Market Rate
- Playground
- Pool
- Public Transportation
- Short Term Lease
- Spa
- Standard
Additional Information
Year Built: 1990
Apartments in Community: 168
Apartment Amenities
- Air Conditioning
- Cable or Satellite
- Carpet
- Ceiling Fan
- Dishwasher
- Extra Storage
- Furnished Available
- Garbage Disposal
- Hardwood Floor
- Microwave
- Patio or Balcony
- Walk In Closets
- Washer Dryer In Unit
- Window Covering
Local Schools
- Chaparral High School
- Cynthia Cunningham Elementary School
- Kathleen And Tim Harney Middle School
We believe school data to be accurate, but do not guarantee that. Please be sure to verify where your children will attend school before making your housing decision.
Pet Policy
Pet friendly! 35 lbs or less at mature weight. Pet Deposit: $300 (Non-refundable) and$15 monthly pet rent
- Cats Allowed
- Pets Allowed
- Small Dogs Allowed
Web Reviews
Contact Villa Del Rio
Villa Del Rio
Office HoursMonday - Friday 8am - 5pm Saturday 8am - 5pm Sunday Closed
Villa Del Rio is an apartment community located at Flamingo Road and Nellis Boulevard in the south east area of Las Vegas, Nevada. Features include washer & dryer, large walk-in closets, mini & vertical blinds, private patio or terrace, deluxe kitchens with dish washer & disposal, reserved covered parking, cable TV hook up, beautiful pool & spa, picnic and barbecue area, and lushly landscaped grounds.
From US 93/95 Take Flamingo East to Nellis Blvd. Left (North) on Nellis. We're on the Right.
As you search for your perfect apartment, please keep in mind that rental rates (including specials and discounts) and availability are very fluid in the apartment industry. Based on many factors, the rental rates (including specials and discounts) and availability can actually change not just daily, but hourly, if not even more quickly. While our advertisers do take steps to keep their information current, the rental rates or availability you may find here now at ForRent.com may not be the same as when you contact the communities.
Quick Links For Your Apartment Search
- Las Vegas metro
- Southeast Las Vegas area
- Las Vegas
- 89121
- See Also


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I have no buds on my Dahlia
I have a balcony garden, all my plants are in containers. I re-planted a tuber from last year. Did everything needed to keep over the winter, eyes growing, all was well. Has been growing since April and has lovely leaves (now starting to brown) and is about 5feet tall. NO BUDS, where are my buds. Last year it was full of flowers. What should I consider doing with it now?
It is hard to say. Your "page" just says you are in Canada, which as you know has a multitude of different growing zones. Mine just started to open this past week, and I must admit I started them earlier than most. In the garden tour this week, folks were pleasantly shocked to see dahlias open so early.
Patience is a virtue. They will come.
Thanks jroot, I have updated my profile.
You say your Dahlias are just starting to open this past week. Thats wonderful!!!
My plant doesn't even have buds, it is nothing but leaves. All the new growth is leafy there is no sign of any kind of bud at all. Last year June I received this plant as a gift and it was full of blooms which continued all summer.
You also mention people are surprised to see blooms this early...I'm confused when I go to the garden center they have several blooms. Just an observation.
Ah, but those grown in greenhouses and sold in nurseries are started early,- to tempt us as we meander through. I note that you are from zone 5 Canada. So am I. I will say that I do have a couple of dahlias that have not set buds yet, just some. Give it a bit more time.
Pepcan, if it's 5 feet tall without any blooms it almost certainly has been fed a little too much N I T R O G E N.
Cut that out. Quit fussing with the miracle-gro! Nitrogen makes things get big. You need something else.
Switch to a high phosphorous food (that's the middle number in those 20/20/20 ratios) and you should see some flowering. Greenlight makes a 10/50/10 that is worth it. There's hope for you and your dahlias.
Thanks thaibasilpesto. The plant is suppose to be this big. I've been feeding properly.
We had a wind storm last night and my poor plant is now in severe pain. She has gone from 2 stalks down to a possible one stalk. The "Y" in the stalk split in two but did not break off from the bottom ot the stalk. I'm trying something (doubt this will work)....I've taped the stalk back together and hope the plant will heal itself.
All that work ....
Here I'm trying to post a picture of the plant from last year...hope this works...1st time trying.
Here is a link that might be useful: MyBalconyGarden


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- TRRT April 1-7 | Online Edition
- Guest Commentary: the Rockford Apartment Association
- State Roundup: NIU employee improperly reimbursed $30K
- State Roundup: Governor signs budget fix bills
- Rauner, Democratic leaders shake hands and make law
- State roundup: National guardsman and cousin arrested in terror plot
- Lawmaker says license plate readers a privacy threat
- Bryant not the first to feel impact of free agency rules
- State Roundup: Parents' group calls for standardized test opt-out bill
- Hononegah Mack: 'The best woman in the county'
Rockford man featured in Mitchell Airport campaign
Milwaukee's General Mitchell International Airport (MKE) is set to launch a new ad campaign featuring its customers, including Rockford resident Greg Galen. A Fluidmaster, Inc., sales manager who flies about 20 times per year, Galen recently entered and won the grand prize in MKE's "That's MY Airport" online sweepstakes.
"Greg well represents hundreds of thousands of northern Illinois residents who choose Mitchell Airport for its value, convenience and nonstop destinations," said airport spokesman Patricia Rowe.
Rowe said the number of travelers from northern Illinois who use MKE has been growing, and the airport wants more passengers to discover Mitchell as an alternative to O'Hare.
Galen's likeness appears on billboards in Winnebago County and on online ads and other web-based marketing efforts. His neighborly advice: "Travel the extra miles to MKE and avoid the stress of O'Hare. And be sure to stay engaged with airports like MKE because you just might find (or win) some great travel deals."
As the grand-prize winner in MKE's "That's MY Airport" sweepstakes, Galen won a trip for two in the form of an airline gift card valued at $1,000 and $1,500 in VISA gift cards for expenses.
MKE encourages travelers to stay connected through its website, Facebook and Twitter pages to receive travel deals, tips and tricks, and sweepstakes opportunities.
A 75-minute drive from Rockford, MKE offers travelers an average savings of $70 on fares and upwards of $30 on parking compared to O'Hare.
From the July 18-24, 2012, issue


text: http://serverfault.com – I am curious for opinions, findings, or evidence that having multiple interfaces bonded using LACP to ports in multiple switches can increase redundancy. Previously bonded interfaces have always been to a single switch, with a redundant channel to another port. Without getting into vendor specifics, my thought is that as this is a single LACP, the likelihood that an event or change could lead to a wide service outage. Without having the spare equipment or time to test this single channel over diverse switches, could anyone with a greater networking knowledge than myself, tell me if there a ne (HowTos)


text:
Category:Convergence Movement
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The convergence movement refers to a move among evangelical and charismatic churches in the United States to blend charismatic worship with liturgies from the Book of Common Prayer and other liturgical sources.
The main article for this category is Convergence Movement.
Pages in category "Convergence Movement"
The following 5 pages are in this category, out of 5 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).


text:
Bill Plympton
We're about to get the Transformers movie universe no one asked for
I know I called you here on short notice, but there's something you're going to hear about soon, and I thought it would be best if you heard it from me: there's going to be more Transformers movies. Yup, Transformers is going straight Marvel and trying to turn itself into a connected universe…The Verge
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Learn How To Keep Your A1c Levels At Normal Ranges
Its Been Proven That High A1c Levels Can Lead To Diabetes & More Severe Risks. Discover More Tips On How To Keep A1c Levels Low. Click To Learn More
Iron Man looks even badder in sleek black 'Stealth Mode' suit
In advance of the release of the latest Avengers movie, Hot Toys has been putting out some fine hero replicas, including this stealth-suited Stark.CNET
Breaking: Ryan Reynolds in official Deadpool costume is as sexy as you hoped
Ryan Reynolds has become a one-man PR machine for the upcoming Deadpool movie, and today has tweeted out the first look at the full costume.Polygon
'SPECTRE' Teaser Trailer
First teaser trailer for the highly anticipated 24th film in the James Bond film franchise, "SPECTRE".Yahoo Movies Videos
'Walking Dead's' Danai Gurira on Why Michonne Put Rick on "Time Out," "Scary" Finale
The actress talks with THR about the rising drama at Alexandria.The Hollywood Reporter
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Forget 'Googling' Your Name, This Site Has It All!
A new site has made it easy to find out the truth about the people you already know and people you meet! Simply type in a name and select a state!
Apple's Rift With Comcast Complicates Potential NBCU Deal
Analysts say that, since ABC, CBS and Fox are likely to be on board, NBCU could be required to play nice with Apple.The Hollywood Reporter
'Tomorrowland' movie will advertise Chevy Volt, E-NVs
The 2016 Chevrolet Volt and the EN-V concept car will make an appearance in the Disney movie 'Tomorrowland' starring George Clooney, opening on May 22. The sci-fi mystery will kick off the ad campaign for the next-generation hybrid.Before the 2016 Chevrolet Volt arrives at dealerships, it's going…Autoblog
Burnbook: Who's to Blame When An App Shuts Down a School?
When a social media app is named after the "burn book" in the teen cult movie Mean Girls, better brace yourself for a whole Pandora's box of trouble. After all, in the movie (which, by the way, stars Lindsey Lohan... no one's idea of a teen role model), girls record gossip and negative comments in…Huffington Post
'Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt' Composer on the Origins of 'Peeno Noir'
Jeff Richmond talks with THR about the amusing song's connection to '30 Rock.'The Hollywood Reporter
- AdChoicesclipd.comSponsored
The 17 Most Controversial TV Episodes Ever
Television shows often challenge social mores in an effort to drive ratings. But these episodes took controversy to another level entirely.
Watch the stars of The Flash sing the theme song from Firefly
Here, three castmembers from the CW's The Flash — namely Jesse L. Martin, Carlos Valdes, and Rick Cosnett — came together to sing The Ballad of Serenity in honor of Joss Whedon. What better way to say thank you than by singing an homage to one of Whedon's most beloved TV shows?The Verge
Focus Sets Fall Release Date for Meryl Streep's 'Suffragette'
The awards hopeful about the early days of the women's movement also stars Carey Mulligan and Helena Bonham Carter.The Hollywood Reporter
Film Review: '3 Holes and a Smoking Gun'
The story of a hotly coveted unproduced screenplay that itself could use some drastic revisions, "3 Holes and a Smoking Gun" proves that there's a chasm-wide difference between talking about what constitutes — and actually being — great writing. A dialogue-driven affair devoid of a single…Variety
Here's Why 'Mission Impossible' Is Still Fresh
Almost 2 decades in, 'Mission Impossible' is still going strong. But what is it that keeps it fresh every time a new movie hits theaters?The Cheat Sheet
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Best Laptops in 2015 :Yahoo Trending Search
Now is the best time to find a deal on a gaming laptop. They're all on sale - - Go find the perfect one with Yahoo Search!
Drea De Matteo's Apartment Destroyed in New York City Building Collapse
Actress Drea De Matteo saw her New York City apartment destroyed Thursday in a building collapse caused by an explosion and subsequent fire, according to ABC News. De Matteo's home in the East Village was leveled by a seven-alarm fire that injured more than 20 people. The actress, known for her…Variety
Trevor Noah's Fast Track To Replace Jon Stewart On 'The Daily Show'
Finally! Someone who wants to replace Jon Stewart on The Daily Show. Trevor Noah, the relatively new correspondent addition to Comedy Central's The Daily Show, now is considered the most likely candidate to replace Stewart as show host, a source told Deadline today. Contacted for comment, Comedy…Deadline
The Actor Who Turned Down the Role of Gandalf
Christopher Plummer was on "Conan" Wednesday and talked about how he passed on playing the iconic role of Gandalf in the "Lord of the Rings" film franchise. Joked Plummer, "I don't know why I turned it down...I thought maybe three or four years in New Zealand, I didn't, I thought that there are…TV In No Time
ADL Slams Lena Dunham for "Dog or Jewish Boyfriend" 'New Yorker' Quiz
The group called the humor piece's "stereotypes about cheap Jews offensive."The Hollywood Reporter
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The Truth About Extended Car Warranties
If you purchased your car from 2000-2010, you may have a heavy cost to pay when your car's factory warranty expires.
Film Review: 'The Frontier'
A woman on the run, a last-chance motel and a lonely stretch of desert highway set the stage in "The Frontier."Variety
Russian Production Company Plans Drama on 1972 Olympic Basketball Team
'Road to the Top' will center on the final between the USSR and the U.S.The Hollywood Reporter
Kahlil Joseph's m.A.A.d. gives new visual life to Kendrick Lamar's breakout album
Last Thursday, two new exhibitions opened at the main building of the Museum of Contemporary Art in Los Angeles, both part of what the museum is calling a "new era" in the wake of the tumultuous Jeffrey Deitch years. From the title, casual visitors may assume it's a companion installation, but what…The Verge