text:
2015 Annual Meeting of the Membership
Our Annual Meeting will be held on April 28, 2015 at 4:30 p.m. at our Lanham branch located at 4371 Parliament Place, Lanham, MD 20706. Refreshments will be served. Please RSVP by April 21, 2015 if you plan to attend. As a member of IBEW 26 FCU, you own a portion of the Credit Union. Your share savings account qualifies you as a member-owner of the Credit Union and entitles you to vote for the individuals you would like to have represent you on the Board of Directors.
This year, the Nominating Committee has submitted the below nominees to fill five vacancies on the Board of Directors and two on the Credit Committee. If there are no nominations made by petition, then these nominees will be elected by acclamation and their election will be confirmed at the 2015 Annual Meeting. Following are the rules for making nominations by petition:
•The individual must be 18 years of age or older.
•The petition must be signed by one percent of the membership with a minimum of 20 signatures and a maximum of 500.
•Each petition must include a statement of qualifications and brief biographical data on the person being nominated.
•The person being nominated must sign an acknowledgement stating that if elected, he/she is willing to serve.
•The petition must be received by the Credit Union at its main office in Lanham, MD no later than close of business Wednesday March 18, 2015.
Board of Directors Nominations
George C. Hogan
George C. Hogan started serving IBEW 26 Federal Credit Union as a second generation volunteer in 1983 and fourth generation IBEW Local 26 electrician. His volunteer services started as a Teller and he was elected to the Board of Directors in 2003. His present position is Board of Director. His father Lawrence C. Hogan served as member of the Credit Committee and Board of Director.
George started his career with IBEW Local Union 26 in 1972 as a third generation electrician, completed his apprenticeship to become a Journeyman Electrician and has served his local in many ways. He was appointed to the picnic committee, Delegate to Washington Building Trades Council, Delegate to AFL-CIO Central Labor Council, and elected to the Examining Board and Executive Board. He currently serves on the Executive Board. He has worked as Job Steward, Sub-Foreman, Foreman and Chief Electrician. George currently works for IBEW Local 26 as an Assistant Business Agent.
Richard J Warner
Rick Warner started serving IBEW 26 Federal Credit Union as a volunteer in 1969. His volunteer services started as a Teller and was later elected to the Board of Directors. His present position is Secretary of the Board of Directors.
Rick started his career with IBEW Local Union 26 in 1965, completed his apprenticeship to become a Journeyman Electrician and served his local in many ways over the last 40 years. He has served as his local union's Treasurer for nine years, Chairman of the Finance Committee for 25 years, and Chairman of Health & Welfare Relief Fund.
Rick was job superintendent on Wolf Trap, the Ronald Reagan Building, Freddie Mac, and Patent & Trade Building, an eight building complex. He was the recipient of three Washington Building Congress Craftsmanship Awards for Wolf Trap, Freddie Mac and the Ronald Reagan Building.
Rick retired in September 2004 and continues to volunteer for the Credit Union and as Superintendent of Medical Equipment for IBEW LU 26 Retired Members Club.
Keith A. Sutphin
Keith A. Sutphin started serving IBEW 26 Federal Credit Union as a volunteer in June 1994. His began volunteering as a Teller, was appointed Chairman of the Supervisory Committee, and then elected to the Board of Directors. His present positions are Supervisory Committee Chairman, and 2nd Vice President of the Board of Directors.
Keith holds a Bachelor of Commercial Science Degree in Accounting and also was a controller of a Union Drywall Company for five years prior to his career with IBEW Local Union 26. Keith began his career with IBEW Local Union 26 in August 1989 in the Residential Program, then completed his apprenticeship to become a Journeyman Electrician. He served on the JATC Review Board for three years. He has worked with various contractors, was an assistant Project Manager with Fischbach & Moore on the Ronald Regan Building in charge of billing and purchasing, and returned to Potomac Testing in 1998. At Potomac Testing, he performed testing aspects of AT&T's power systems. He also performs acceptance testing and preventative maintenance testing for various contractors out of his local union. In 2011, he moved to ABM Electrical Power Solutions where he continues various testing of electrical systems.
James A. Landen, Jr.
James A. Landen, Jr. started serving IBEW 26 FCU as a volunteer teller and credit committee member in the early 1970's and has done so for many years. "Jay" returned back to the credit union as a volunteer in 2006 and is presently serving on the Board of Directors and Credit Committee. Jay completed his Apprenticeship to become a Journeyman Electrician in 1973. He has worked as a Sub-Foreman, Foreman, Service Technician, Estimator, and is now a Planner-Scheduler. Jay was the President of Parkway Estates Citizen's Association 1971-73, Treasurer for Marlton Elementary School After-Care Program 1989- 91, Electrical Instructor at Prince George's Community College Continuing Education Department 2000-06, and Treasurer of the Marlboro Single Family Homeowner's Association 2005-06. Jay also serves on the Board of Directors of Misty Cove Center Condo Association 2005-present and President of Marlboro Single Family Homeowner's Association 2006-present.
Doreen Creamer Cleland
Doreen Creamer Cleland started working for IBEW 26 Federal Credit Union part-time in 1970 and went full-time in 1976. Doreen started working evening hours with the volunteers until she became a full-time Teller, later moving to Collections, Loan Officer, Assistant Treasurer and into her current position as CEO. In 2003, her father Harry W. Creamer the Treasurer-Manager passed away, and Doreen was elected as to the Board of Directors. Her daughter served an internship in 2004, making four generations involved with IBEW 26 FCU.
Credit Committee Nominations
James Landen, Jr. - See biography under Board of Directors Nominations.
Robert R. Staton
Robert started serving IBEW 26 Federal Credit Union as a volunteer in 1984. Robert was elected to the Credit Committee (serving continuously for 30 years) and later to the Board of Directors. His present positions are Chairman of the Credit Committee and Board of Director. Robert is a combat Vietnam veteran. After receiving an honorable discharge from serving in the U.S. Army, he began his career with the IBEW Local 26 in December 1969 working thru the residential unit, completed his apprenticeship in 1974 to become a Journeyman Electrician. He has his Masters Electrical License; he has taken JATC Journeyman extension courses, worked as a Foreman throughout the years on several jobs. Robert taught evening courses at the JATC. Robert is enjoying his retirement and is actively involved with the Credit Union.


text:
This is a split board - You can return to the Split List for other boards.
I for one will NOT be buying the new Rainbow Six game, and here's why you care
calcycle posted...
TiamatKiller posted...T"Women should not be the goal of a match, a thing that two teams are striving to possess. Just writing out exactly what transpired sounds so incredibly dirty and wrong. She is a woman, a person just like any other, and should be treated like an independent being capable of more than crying desperately and waiting to be saved."----What does the author here expect this lady to do? She has 5 heavily armed assailants who have tied her hands. She obviously knows that people are coming to save her. I would also say that this is a very stressful situation, and I sure as hell would be crying also. Again, there very well could be (and most likely are) male hostages as well, they just weren't shown in the demo (which shouldn't necessarily be interpreted as a message, either).
dont they like usually handcuff the hostage so they dont do anything dumb?
That article is pure gamespot garbo.
If the hostage was black, it'd be called biggoted or racist because it would be implying black people are held hostage more frequently... yawn.
Move along people.
"Get dungeons." - WyzeGye, 2014
[This message was deleted at the request of the original poster]
CELTEKK posted...
That article is pure gamespot garbo.
Pretty much, people find a way to get upset over just about everything.
Official Darkdrift of the Darksoul 2 Board.
Steam: Hk1777, Gtag: RAlNB0W D4SH (Yes its an L) Psn: hk1777
that writer should be fired and forced to spoon feed a baby alligator for being so stupid
---Playing Hardcore with me is like quail hunting with Dick Cheney.
spacecowboy44 posted...
that writer should be fired and forced to spoon feed a baby alligator for being so stupid
Hey now, that's racist against crocodiles and sharks with frikking laser beams. The union will hear of this!
Some roads you shouldn't go down because maps used to say there'd be dragons there. Now they don't, but that don't mean the dragons aren't there.
my_name_is_Ed posted...
steveboblarry posted...my_name_is_Ed posted...http://www.gamespot.com/articles/the-disturbing-representation-of-women-in-the-rainbow-six-siege-e3-demo/1100-6420266/
Go get a room
We're Americans! We don't quit just because we're wrong.
We just keep doing the wrong thing until it turns out right.
Boo hoo, don't play it then. Nobody cares but you sensitive people who are offended by everything. You politically correct people are what's wrong with everything. "Let's change this because I'M offended! Waaa!"
This post brought to you by Fleshlight
Fleshlight: Go **** yourself.
I kind of want to make that editor a hostage right now...
3DS FC : 3840-6563-7931 Trainer Name - Dillon
Friend Safari : Water, with Frogadier, Wartortle, & the ALMIGHTY BIBAREELL!!!
CELTEKK posted...
That article is pure gamespot garbo.
I find the world being largely implicitly racist against caucasian males, as the only thing that's okay to kill in video games. I feel offended.
MageofBlood391 posted...
GameFAQs: Because if all else fails, you can always argue semantics.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Rihanna indulged in some retail therapy in LA in a pair of Christian Dior Exquise Sunglasses and a Joyrich Memorial Garden Skater Dress:
Her black and white sunglasses feature a butterfly shape.
Her floral and "Paris" text-printed dress is a part of the brand's Spring 2014 collection.
I'm loving this pink pixie on Rih! I pair of white sneakers or bright strappy sandals would have been better complements here, but the dress is definitely perfect for Spring.
What do you think? Hot! or Hmm…?
She's cute, but its not really my style
The shoes ruined this for me
This is a mess come on now Rih smh
And who doing 27 pieces in Hollywood?? Come on now. I love Rih but this is the same wig a ratchet cousin of mine had on at our family reunion except it was red, no lie.
Not liking this outfit. I know they say that black goes with everything but not with this dress, she needed a lighter colour shoe.
Cute dress.
I'm beyond confused…are those her driving shoes and the real shoe is in the bag?? Just why??
Them shoes, yikes
Rihanna getting thick. Go RiRi.
Rhi could wear a blanket and a backwards wig and y'all would be like "yaass go rhirhi, she makes it work"
She is really embracing the 90's tread if you remember (old enough) we used to dress like this. Lol I love it. I've been watching "A Different World" lately. :-)
I love the look of the Joyrich Memorial Garden Skater dress! I think it would coordinate nicely with any hair colour she chooses. The floral print is lovely.
cutie fashion killa
This is a hot fish grease mess and y'all know it……at what point do people just admit that she looks absolutely ridiculous. Rih has many many hits but in my opinion when she misses it's usually wayyyy left field for me. Could've been funky…ended up being f**kery…. Sorry ijs
people who leave comments on this blog is basic. hahahha yall some hatersss
HAHAHA @leelee driving shoes
This look is almost like Rih is playing a joke; wear the sh*ttiest thing she can find, and watch her fans say "weeerk bitch"


text:
California Corporate Moves
A report prepared by the Los Angeles County Economic Development Corp. (LAEDC) puts Southern California at the top of U.S. manufacturing hubs, employing 389,300 workers. ...Read more ›
This is a complete chronological archive of all site selection and economic development coverage posted on the Business Facilities website.
A report prepared by the Los Angeles County Economic Development Corp. (LAEDC) puts Southern California at the top of U.S. manufacturing hubs, employing 389,300 workers. ...Read more ›
Strong business hiring last month brought the unemployment rate down to its lowest level in two years, the U.S. government has reported. The economy gained 216,000 jobs in the month. That's better than the gain of 180,000 predicted by economists surveyed by CNNMoney, and also a significant improvement over the 194,000 jobs added in February. "Almost two years after the recession officially ended, the labor ...Read more ›
From the Desk of the Editor in Chief ...Read more ›
In the wake of the earthquake and tsunami in Japan, everyone is taking a closer look at risk assessment. The Expert tells you how to assess your project's exposure. ...Read more ›
Home healthcare products—including therapeutic devices, monitors, sensors and telemetry devices—are expected to be one of the fastest-growing segments of the medical device industry. ...Read more ›
In a challenging economic environment, an efficient logistics and distribution network is moving to the top of the list of requirements for business growth and expansion. ...Read more ›
Metro Spotlight ...Read more ›
Texas continues to outperform the rest of the nation in job creation, creating more jobs in 2010 than any other state and achieving job growth nearly double that of other top 10 states. ...Read more ›
Illinois boasts a $590-billion economy, the fifth largest in the nation, and a talented workforce that numbers more than six million. ...Read more ›
In an age of bottled water, it is refreshing to remember that the best-tasting water in America still can be found flowing out of the taps of every kitchen sink in New York City. The water system for the nation's largest city is an immense natural bounty that has been harvested for nearly a century by one of the greatest feats in the history of human engineering. Originating in pristine upstate reservoirs, ...Read more ›
© 2015 Business Facilities Magazine | Group C Media, Inc. | Privacy Policy | Terms Of Use


text:
TGV Sunway Pyramid & IMAXLevel 1, Sunway Pyramid Shopping Centre, No. 3 Jalan PJS 11/15 Bandar Sunway Petaling Jaya, Selangor 46149 +60 3 7492 5116
Cinderella The IMAX Experience
The story of Cinderella follows the fortunes of young Ella (Lily James) whose merchant father remarries following the death of her mother. Eager to support her loving father, Ella welcomes her new stepmother (Cate Blanchett) and her daughters Anastasia (Holliday Grainger) and Drisella (Sophie McShera) into the family home. But, when Ella's... Lesen Sie mehr
Furious 7: An IMAX 3D Experience
Continuing the global exploits in the unstoppable franchise built on speed, Vin Diesel, Paul Walker and Dwayne Johnson lead the returning cast of Furious 7. James Wan directs this chapter of the hugely successful series that also welcomes back favorites Michelle Rodriguez, Jordana Brewster, Tyrese Gibson, Chris "Ludacris" Bridges, Elsa Pataky and... Lesen Sie mehrAb 01.04.2015 TICKETS KAUFEN FÜR 01.04.2015
Enter for a chance to Win!
Enter for your chance to win a pair of tickets*, The Divergent Series Ultimate Four-Book Box Set, Google Cardboard,... Learn More


text:
• Female • $1,600
Schnauzer, Miniature Puppy
Receive an email alert when additional Schnauzer, Miniature puppies are added. It's easy and free!
BREED: Schnauzer, Miniature Puppy
INCLUDES: akc registration, avid microchip, crate with shipping, veterinary support, dewclaws removed, written health guar.
Sandcreek Pets
Member Since: April 2005
Location: Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
• Female • $800
• Male • $800


text:
VIDEO: LA Racing Team piglets highlight Forada Days
Competitors squealed around the racetrack on Saturday in Forada while spectators packed the stands to watch the Leader Area (LA) Racing Team tear up a hay-lined oval track.
The team of 2- to 3-month-old piglets traveled from their usual stomping grounds at The Bear's Den bar in Motley to take part in the Forada Days festival. LA Racing pigs have their own pit crew and sponsors.
Are you a newspaper subscriber but you don't have a Digital Access account yet? https://secure.forumcomm.com/?publisher_ID=40&event=subscriber/lookup.
You will need your subscription account number and phone number. Not sure if you have an account? Email us at firstname.lastname@example.com and we can help you.


text:
Blue Marble Organic Ice Cream, Chocolate
- Ice cream enthusiasts of all ages love Blue Marble Chocolate. Soft and sweet enough for the little ones, dark and rich enough for the grownups. Made with organic cocoa from the Dominican Republic. Toss some sea salt on top for a fancy twist on this simple classic. (from Blue Marble Ice Cream)Claims
- Organic
- No Artificial Color
Cream*, Sugar*, Skim Milk*, Dutch Cocoa* (Cocoa Processed with Alkali), Locust Bean Gum*, Guar Gum*
*No Corn Syrup, Eggs Or Artificial Coloring/Flavoring
Like That? You'll Love This.
- $5.29/ea
- $5.99/6pk
- $4.69/ea
- FreshDirect Chicken Pot Pie(6", 16oz)$8.99/ea
- $4.29/ea
- $3.59/ea
- $3.59/ea
- $3.19/ea
- FreshDirect Oven-Ready French Baguetteapprox 15"$2.69/eaSave! 2 for $4.00
- $9.99/ea
- $10.99/ea
- $4.69/ea


text:
Give a missed call on Toll Free
to download IndiaMART FREE Mobile App
Download IndiaMART App
Chandigarh(Verified Supplier)
Products & Services
Fancy Bangles
Bridal Chura
Glass Bangles
Metal Bangles
We are offering our clients metal bangles, which are fabricated in various colors and designs. These are designed by skilled craftsmen who make sure that the products are given fine finishing and are comfortable to wear. Our bangles are mostly demanded by all age groups of women and are also used for gifting purpose.
Bridal Bangles
To,The Jewels


text:
Pronunciation: aranysárga aggófű
Pronunciation in Hungarian [hu]
- Pronunciation by kkvsz1 (Male from Hungary)
0 votes
Could you do it better? different accent? Pronounce aranysárga aggófű in Hungarian
Accents & languages on maps
- Random word: forró égöv
Not satisfied?
Modify word:
· Add languages
· Add categories
Report word:
Is there anything wrong with this word?
Please report it here.


text:
La Habra Jobs
Looking for jobs in La Habra? Snagajob has great opportunities with the area's leading companies. And applying for La Habra jobs has never been easier. Look at the job listings below, click on a job title that interests you and hit the "apply now" button. Part-time jobs, teen jobs, student jobs and summer jobs are now just a click away. Start your job search now.
La Habra, CA Job Openings
Kohl's1610 W Imperial Hwy
La Habra, CA
Michaels Arts & Crafts1500 W Imperial Hwy
La Habra, CA
Bed Bath & Beyond1320 S. Beach Blvd
La Habra, CA
Michaels Arts & Crafts1500 W Imperial Hwy
La Habra, CA
T.J. Maxx1220 W. Imperial Highway
La Habra, CA
Sprouts1431 W Imperial Hwy
La Habra, CA
Cities within 20 miles of La Habra, CA
- Los Angeles, CA (461 jobs)
- Irvine, CA (282 jobs)
- Santa Ana, CA (254 jobs)
- Huntington Beach, CA (254 jobs)
- Pasadena, CA (235 jobs)
- Anaheim, CA (218 jobs)
- Long Beach, CA (188 jobs)
- Tustin, CA (187 jobs)
- Costa Mesa, CA (186 jobs)
- Orange, CA (166 jobs)
- Yorba Linda, CA (160 jobs)


text:
February 26, 2015
| Article
Those Who Can't Do, Invent: Nail tech Joi Lambert, owner of Purjoi Nail Studio, turned to product development when she discovered her painting skills were below average.
October 6, 2014
| Product
Developed by nail tech, Gloria L. Williams, Footnanny's foot creams are packed with their own beneficial fragrances.
October 3, 2014
| Demo
Follow these steps and find out how you can create customized gel-polish.
May 30, 2014
| Article
A Florida nail technician helped researchers develop a tracking device for endangered sea turtles.
April 12, 2013
| Article
DOT — Data. Organizing. Tracking. That's the acronym behind the Dot Organizer created by nail tech Colleen VanDurme of Premiere Salon in Dansville, N.Y.
November 20, 2012
| Encyclopedia
December 1, 1998
| Article
The patent process may be cumbersome, but it protects an invention and paves the way for compensation for your hard work.
October 1, 1998
| Article
August 1, 1996
| Article
March 1, 1993
| Article
A behind the scenes look at how products are developed.
Hidden Gems: Underside Nail Art11 photos
Nail Looks From NYFW F/W2015188 photos
Learn More
Am I losing my touch applying acrylics?
Featured Products & Promotions | Advertisement
How big is the U.S. nail business? $7.3 billion. What's the average service price for a manicure? Dig into our decades' deep research archives.
View All
The U.S. Vietnamese salon industry represents more than half of all salons. VietSALON serves this market with a bi-monthly Vietnamese language print magazine and a community-oriented website.
Get a free preview issue and a Free Gift
Subscribe Today!


text:
Listen to free music by Mayday
Blip.fm is internet radio made social. It's easy to search for, play, and discover free music recommended by real people. Join today to create your own free station.
Mayday – King Cobb Steelie
King Cobb Steelie
Mayday songs played by Blip.fm DJs
HawkNoize ¡MAYDAY! – Take Me To Your Leader ,.
Mar 10, 2015 at 4:14 pm via YouTube | AMAZON | ITUNES
knowtheledge @rockmebaby ¡MAYDAY!
May 1, 2014 at 6:19 am via YouTube • reply to | AMAZON | ITUNES
Seal_FM Mayday – Rock & Roll Can't Save Your Life
Mayday – Rock & Roll Can't Save Your Life| play
Mayday – You Have My Back| play
BluJulius frum da hip
Dec 28, 2013 at 1:16 pm via YouTube | AMAZON | ITUNES
Mayday – Booze & Pills| play
Oct 1, 2013 at 12:04 pm via YouTube | AMAZON | ITUNES
Artists Like Mayday
Blip.fm DJs who play Mayday
Friends: MerchantCircle | Charity Blossom | Website Load Testing


text:
There's nothing wrong with flash games. There are good ones and bad ones, just like any type of game.
Dungeon Raid, for example, is like a good flash game, and Candy Crush is like an abysmal flash game. That vampirizes money from you.
Use your keyboard!
Log in to comment


text:
Overview of content related to 'perl'
This page provides an overview of 1 article related to 'wiki'. Note that filters may be applied to display a sub-set of articles in this category (see FAQs on filtering for usage tips). Select this link to remove all filters.
A wiki is a website that allows the creation and editing of any number of interlinked web pages via a web browser using a simplified markup language or a WYSIWYG text editor. Wikis are typically powered by wiki software and are often used collaboratively by multiple users. Examples include community websites, corporate intranets, knowledge management systems, and note services. The software can also be used for personal notetaking. Wikis serve different purposes. Some permit control over different functions (levels of access). For example editing rights may permit changing, adding or removing material. Others may permit access without enforcing access control. Other rules can be imposed for organizing content. Ward Cunningham, the developer of the first wiki software, WikiWikiWeb, originally described it as "the simplest online database that could possibly work." "Wiki" is a Hawaiian word for "fast". (Excerpt from Wikipedia article: Wiki)
Key statistics
Metadata related to 'wiki' (as derived from all content tagged with this term):
See our 'wiki' overview for more data and comparisons with other tags. For visualisations of metadata related to timelines, bands of recency, top authors, and and overall distribution of authors using this term, see our 'wiki' usage charts.
Top authors
Ariadne contributors most frequently referring to 'wiki':
Note: Links to all articles by authors listed above set filters to display articles by each author in the overview below. Select this link to remove all filters.
|Article summary
SWORD: Simple Web-service Offering Repository Deposit
Julie Allinson, Sebastien Francois and Stuart Lewis describe the JISC-funded SWORD Project which has produced a lightweight protocol for repository deposit.
January 2008, issue54, feature article


text:
Join (Free!) | Login
eBOOKS new!
Featured Authors:
Charles Neff, iR.E.E.S Blogs Linda Smith, Publisher, iAlfred Schwab, iDenise Nowakowski, iReverend Dr. Linda De Coff, iTonya Kinzer, iKaren Wilson, i
· Become a Fan
· Contact me
· Books
· Articles
· 4 Titles
· Save to My Library
· Share with Friends!
· Member Since: Dec, 2010
Kimberly Bennett, click
here to update your pages on AuthorsDen.
No Justice for Samantha Kelly
By Kimberly Bennett
Rated "PG13" by the Author.
This article is a recent one that I wrote for my HubPages and has turned out to be my most controversial one to date.
The story of Samantha's suicide touched my heart. I wrote this article to point out that everyone's life is valuable and as a society we have become insensitive towards each other.
I recently read an article about a young girl named Samantha Kelly, a freshman who attended a high school in Huron Township in Michigan. Samantha had accused a senior, Joseph Tarnopolski, at her school of rape and the consequences of the accusation resulted in Samantha taking her own life. She had been tormented by friends of Tarnopolski for weeks before taking her own life out of desperation.
Because Samantha chose to end her life, the charges of the alleged sexual assault were dropped against Joseph. Being a mother of four, I was overwhelmed with sadness over the loss of June Justice's daughter and the lack of closure that she has experienced.
I was disturbed by numerous comments throughout the article.
1. Tarnopolski told the Detroit Free Press he was sorry to hear of the girl's death. He told Detroit station WJBK Samantha was "a friend" and felt "a little bit" responsible, but said others were behind any taunts.
Why would Tarnopolski feel responsible in anyway if their sexual contact had been mutual? And if Samantha was a friend, why did he allow his friends to harass her?
2. Principal Donovan Rowe said school officials investigated the alleged bullying and found nothing overt. Rowe said on occasion he walked behind Samantha as she went from class to class and witnessed no harassment.
I have experience with schools and bullying and have learned that schools have different standards for different students based on social or athletic status. Did Principal Rowe really believe that the students were going to harass Samantha in front of him?
3. "People wanted to beat her up — people who were friends of Joe," said Ayla Raines, who also attended Huron High School.
4. Another student, Calie Bouchard, said 14-year-old Samantha was confronted once in the lunch room by a group of girls who insisted she was lying.
5. "She told me she was being extremely bullied, and it was extremely stressful," said 16-year-old Devyn Waldecker, a neighbor in the Huron Estates mobile home park. "People bumped into her in the hallways at school. On two occasions after school, people tried to jump her."
Why can't other people mind their own business? Unless those friends of Tarnopolski were in the room at the time of the sexual contact, whether it was consensual or not, they do not know the actual truth. We all have skeletons in our individual closets and hide things we are either ashamed of or embarrassed about.
6. Tarnopolski's attorney, Jacqueline George, called the case "a sad situation" for all involved. "I hope both families can heal," she said.
Tarnopolski's attorney needs to make a jump into reality after the comment that Samantha's death was a sad situation. A sad situation is a dog getting hit by a car in the street, a child losing a favorite toy, etc. Samantha's death isn't just a sad situation, it is a devastating and life altering situation. No one will ever know of the great contributions to our world Samantha could have made, or the tremendous achievements she could have accomplished. Her mother will never get to hug or kiss her daughter again or hold a child brought into this world by Samantha and experience the wonders of being a grandparent because of her precious daughter.
The insensitivity to personal grief, sorrow or pain that our society displays towards each other is downright appalling. Those students or people who stuck their nose where it didn't belong should be answering for their actions and taking responsibility for having a hand in Samantha's decision to leave this world. There were other ways to show their support for Tarnopolski without mentally, emotionally or physically abusing Samantha.
All of our lives are fragile and precious beyond comprehension. The impact each and every one of us have on those we come across throughout our lives can be astronomical in proportions. Every life is valuable and contributes to the world in its own unique way and can never be replaced once it has left our world.
From one mother to another, I want to say to June Justice how deeply sorry I am for her loss. To those who had a hand in Samantha's choice to end her life, Karma will come back to you someday.
Pathological Narcissism FAQs
by Sam Vaknin
The Narcissism Series
by Sam Vaknin
Featured Authors |
New to AuthorsDen? |
Add AuthorsDen to your Site
Share AD
with your friends |
Need Help? | About


text:
Visit create.airbnb.com »
Thanks for taking the time to report this user.
Your participation helps keep Airbnb a safe and trusted
community, and it doesn't go unnoticed!
I like travelling with my whife around the world. We like to discover new restaurants whereever we are. I am also a passionate of any kind of cycling sport.
Roberto has completed online and offline ID verification.
Learn more »
locataire absolument exquis à recommander!!
Easy going, respectful and friendly guest. Welcome any time.
Roberto and his wife were a delight. They are very sweet and considerate of the space. They toured the city from early in the am until late into the night. I hardly ever saw them.
Unfortunately I didn't get to meet Roberto and his wife in person because I was away on vacation during their stay. But he was very communicative throughout the booking process, kindly took care of my cats, and left the place in perfect order. I would not hesitate to host him again!


text:
Asia Pacific
Oil Prices Down On Low IMF Global Economic Forecast
January 21 2015 11:29 PM
All but the United States will grow slowly in 2015-2016.
New Zealand PM John Key Confident of 'Booming' Economy; HSBC Predicts Positive Growth In 2015
January 20 2015 10:15 PM
New Zealand Prime Minister John Key remains confident that the economy will continue to grow every year in the next three years. HSBC has predicted the country will maintain its positive growth.
Germany Repatriates 120 Tonnes Of Gold From Paris, New York
January 20 2015 9:46 PM
Germany has repatriated some 157 tonnes of its gold from various foreign storage depots.
Canada's Saving Grace Amid Falling Oil Prices Could Be Ontario
January 20 2015 7:43 PM
Ontario may experience an economic revival in the coming years.
Canada Vs ISIS: Military Confirms Special Forces' Ground Clash With Militants
January 20 2015 5:25 PM
Canadian special forces soldiers have directly engaged with a group of ISIS extremists while training Iraqi troops behind the front lines.
EU Countries Work On Response To Terror Attacks As Tourism Go Down
January 20 2015 3:57 PM
EU countries will work with Muslim-majority nations on its planned anti-terror projects.
Eggs, Shoes Thrown At Canadian Baird's Convoy In Palestine As He Denounced ICC Over Israeli War Crimes Probe
January 20 2015 2:41 PM
Canadian Foreign Minister John Baird's convoy in Palestine received eggs and shoes from protesters.
AirAsia Flight QZ8501: Initial Investigations Find 'No Threats' In Cockpit Voice Recordings, Terrorism Ruled Out
January 20 2015 2:23 PM
Investigators said it is unlikely that AirAsia Flight QZ8501 crashed in December 2014 because of a terrorism attack.
Real Estate Market Update: Sluggish Growth In Australia And Property Prices Fall In China
January 20 2015 2:21 PM
Global economic concerns that range from deflation in Europe and economic slowdown in other countries may be impacting the property markets.
Falling Crude Oil Prices Force Canada To Go Easy On Spending Plans
January 20 2015 11:12 AM
Canada might need to extend its spending freeze to ensure it delivers its' promised balanced budget.
Auckland Ranks Ninth In World's Major Cities With Unaffordable Housing
January 19 2015 6:47 PM
New Zealand's Auckland was named one of the major cities with the most unaffordable housing prices in a recent annual report.
Target Canada Workers Receive Helping Hand From Sears, Walmart
January 19 2015 5:03 PM
Sears and Walmart have come to the rescue of workers about to lose their jobs with the closure of all 133 Target Canada stores.


text:
406 425-0180
No one will work harder for you than I will
Lyle Dunham all 50 states with his primary focus on the western states including Hawaii. Lyle has over 35 years business experience owning and managing over 20 different businesses though out his business career. Putting to use his extensive business career Lyle is very active in putting buyers and sellers together for acquisition and/or merger of businesses. Lyle at all times uses highest standards in ethics and confidentiality whether he is working with you as a seller or buyer. Lyle also has a very good work ethic and he will take whatever time it takes to get the job done to the satisfaction of his client.
Established Businesses For Sale
Cash Flow
Red Lodge Commercial Gravel Pit
Red Lodge, MT (Carbon County)
THIS IS A VERY GOOD BUY! A 26 - 29 acre permitted and active working gravel pit priced at $19,592 per acre. Red Lodge and the surrounding area is a fast growing area with highway construction planned for the next few years. There is room for a batch plant if desired. Increased development is documented and you could be ready to go with no start-up costs! Located on Red Lodge Creek Road,...
Silver Coin Sports Bar & Casino
Hamilton, MT (Ravalli County)
THIS IS A BUY! NEW ON THE MARKET and it will not last long at this price! Established business and beautiful brick 1-story 13,000 sq ft building in one of the best locations in Hamilton.
Real Estate For Sale
Asking Price
Building Size
City, State
Shiloh Crossing Power Center
Billings, MT (Yellowstone County)
One of the best - if not the best - locations in Montana with strong tenants in the Power Center. Building can contain up to 3 retail outlets. A fast growing area.
Williston Investment "Huge Reducti...
Williston, ND (Williams County)
WILLISTON INVESTMENT/HUGE REDUCTION 2-acre property w strong tenant!
Ideal location two blocks north of Walmart in Williston. Total remodel in 2012; renewal Two Ten Year. Great investment in the heart of Williston, North Dakota oil boom!
Drastic Reduction: Williston ND In...
REDUCED $475,000! Great location, great investment!
WAS $1,850,000: NEW LISTING PRICE $1,375,000 A REDUCTION OF $475,000! Great Location within Williston city limits. Currently leased. 9000 sq ft steel warehouse with city services and possible rail siding.
Watford City Area Commercial Lot
Watford City, ND (McKenzie County)
2.64-acre lot for sale. Priced to sell. Buy now & get a super premium lot in one of the best new commercial retail locations in the Bakken. Adjacent to a new, very large Travel Center with a planned large commercial center as well. This is a prime commercial retail property and won't last long!
Williston Area Warehouse & Home
Arnegard, ND (McKenzie County)
THIS IS AN EXCEPTIONAL VALUE right in the center of the Bakken drilling area. In addition to the new warehouse described here there is a 2014 manufactured home right on this ideally located 5-acre property. Home is 16'x80' and has 4 bedrooms w 2 bathrooms.
Williston Area Living Quarters Par...
Watford Cy, ND (McKenzie County)
This property is in a GREAT location and in an area that is experiencing a tremendous rental shortage. It is appraised at listed price, has a large cash flow which makes it a great buy! 100% occupancy & 15.15% Cap Rate with a commission split of 2%
Watford Area Warehouse & Home
Prime Bakken Commercial/Industrial...
Watford Cty, ND (McKenzie County)
A prime location for gas/oil support businesses. The 160 acres borders Oneok Natural Gas Factory that is currently under construction. This property is in a strategic location for future commercial/industrial business. It is surrounded not only by Oneok Gas Plant but a salt water plant & Triangle Oil & Gas. Oneok Partners LP, a subsidiary of Tulsa-based Oneok Inc., is called the Lonesome Creek...
M & M Cigar Store
Butte, MT (Silver Bow County)
NEW DRASTICALLY REDUCED PRICE: Recently closed operations; building, FF&E & liquor license for sale. Located in the heart of the Uptown Butte Revitalization movement on busy Main Street. Opened continuously for 113 years. THE BACK ROOM consists of brand-new video poker games & line machines, newly remodeled Sports Bar-style casino...all the traditional favorites. Revitalized establishments,...
Alexander: 13 - 4.9-acre lots Hwy ...
Alexander, ND (McKenzie County)
LOCATION, LOCATION LOCATION! HIGHWAY 85 FRONTAGE LOTS! It would be hard to find a better location for a new Commercial Subdivision. This commercial subdivision has 13 subdivided 4.9 acre lots. Each lot has water & electricity to the lot. Building Pad has been leveled out to build on. Some of the heaviest traffic in the Bakken. A much needed area for retail outlets. Next to brand new Travel...
Williston: 13 - 4.9-acre lots with...
Watford City: 13 - 4.9-acre lots H...
LOCATION, LOCATION, LOCATION! REDUCED $3,000,000. It would be hard to find a better location for a new Commercial Subdivision...right in the center of the North Dakota oil boom area of the Bakken.
Watford City Area Living Quarters
Great Location! Great Buy!
This property is in a GREAT location and in an area that is experiencing a tremendous rental shortage. It is appraised at listed price, has a large cash flow which makes it a great buy! 100% occupancy & 15.8 Cap Rate with a commission split of 2%
Individuals and companies listed here claim to be an authorized business transaction intermediary. While BizBuySell does not doubt these claims, BizBuySell has not verified them and makes no guarantee, warranty or representation about them. It is your responsibility to independently confirm the claims made by individuals and companies listed here.


text:
VIEWS: 2 PAGES: 3 CATEGORY: Business POSTED ON: 4/5/2012
Over the past 10 years , the typical height and width of the chest associated with china females has
Very Good Food Which Make Chests Bigger – Every Women Should Be Aware Of Regarding These Kind Of ! Are there really sensible food that make chests even bigger along with turn them into measurements that a lady desire ? although you may don't believe there are this kind of foods , you need to know that the china tend to be amongst a few civilizations that trust the capability associated with foodstuff to further improve your chests. Full pot dimensions teat expansion with regard to china Women Over the past 10 years , the typical height and width of the chest associated with china females has grown by a single entire pot dimensions. Despite the fact that enviromentally friendly consequences might be a adding to aspect , no-one can really make clear exactly what the china females would to achieve their results inside teat dimensions together with scientific studies even now becoming performed to know the particular sensation. The standard china diet contains the consumption of fish along with grain with no acknowledged estrogenic compounds that helps a person boost your destroy dimensions. With all the growing varieties of foods which are travelling to the far east , there are many speculations that the consumption of meats along with dairy in addition to foods which are "Americanized" can in fact assist females create their chests grow even bigger. This may lead to the idea that red meat along with other animals which are via us may contain estrogenic agents that in some way cause richer teat measurements although the consequences in well being tend to be unknown. The hormonal Theory While the sorts of estrogenic agents explained earlier is doubtful , a person that fluctuations inside hormone levels tend to be regarded as the reason for underdeveloped chests with regard to 8 from 15 females. As this kind of , experts think the particular infusion associated with hormonal evening out agents through the foods that people eat can in fact help with the particular enhancement associated with females chests. And there are definitely sensible food that could be arrive at get a grip on one's hormonal levels. Foods that have organic Estrogens The china for instance take a lots of scented soy solutions and the tend to be definitely amongst safe and sound foods regarded as capable of help out with breast enhancement because they contain organic estrogens which are also referred to as phyto-estrogens. The levels of those compounds inside scented soy along with other safe and sound foods (elizabeth.gary. A lot of seasoning in addition to wholegrain foods along with vegetables ) actually determine whether your current chests can certainly grow greater. Some point out that eating these types of "vegetarian " foods inside large volumes may have little relation to the growth of your respective chests. These types of opposing team think that the end results tend to be minimal from very best because it is nearly impossible in order to maintain the particular large ingestion of the phyto-estrogens essential to actually result in everlasting teat expansion. Proponents don't agree along with directed on the success associated with primary organic breast enhancement alternatives that have agents that are rich inside phyto-estrogens. These types of proponents centered their thoughts for the comments of numerous women who experienced experienced long-term organic destroy results with one of these plant based solutions. The over are some information about foods that make chests even bigger. Make sure you eat this kind of foods sparingly because excessive ingestion of those foods might not always do well to your well being , just like whatever else. Using verified herbs can be a wise choice only if you buy goods that tend to be verified along with contain natural ingredients that are rich inside phyto-estrogens. And you'll need to conform purely on the maker's recommended dosage along with directions should you wish to accomplish safe and sound along with optimum organic destroy results. You no longer ought to bear with all the embarrassment of getting an appartment chest muscles or even tiny chests. Go up to http://makebreastsbigger.com/ to find out about great foods that make chests bigger and much more. Become a member of other people which we have assisted along with check out our website right now to browse the selection of articles in solutions , exercises , techniques along with foods that make chests bigger. breasts enlargement
Pages to are hidden for
"Very Good Food Which Make Chests Bigger – Every Women Should Be Aware Of Regarding These Kind Of !"Please download to view full document


text: You can get away with that kind of childish behaviour if you're a corporation in the US. In Britain it would be regarded [correctly] as a deliberate attempt to show contempt for the court. Up to two years in prison and and an unlimited fine. All they had to do was do what the court ordered and nobody would have paid any attention. Now they look like they're run by five year old kids. Instead they chose to thumb their nose at the court. Smacking may be outlawed in the US, but it's still legal in Britain, at least if you piss off a judge.


text:
Sale Price $
You Save $
- Apparel Sizing
- Fit Guide
- Videos
Turn to your favorite brand to help keep you warm! The Babolat Poly Long Sleeve Crew features a ribbed crew neck, and screen printed Babolat logos at left chest and upper back.
- Fit: We find the top fits true to size.
- Content: 100% Polyester.
- Colors:
- Heather Blue w/White
- Heather Grey w/White
|Other items in Babolat Men's Apparel
Babolat Men's Poly Crew
|Check out all Babolat Men's Tennis Apparel


text:
New Minnesota laws take effect Thursday
Starting on Thursday, the cost of tying the knot in Minnesota will get a little pricier.
And come May, a day is being set aside to remember veterans who served in foreign wars.
Both developments are the result of laws that take effect Thursday in Minnesota.
Here is more information on those and other changes:
Vital statistics
Are you a newspaper subscriber but you don't have a Digital Access account yet? https://secure.forumcomm.com/?publisher_ID=40&event=subscriber/lookup.
You will need your subscription account number and phone number. Not sure if you have an account? Email us at firstname.lastname@example.com and we can help you.


text:
A multichip module is assembled using flip-chip bonding technology, a stencil printable solder paste and standard surface mount equipment for interconnecting signaling input/output contact pads on devices within such a multichip module. The disclosed assembly process makes the heretofore difficult and expensive flip chip bonding technique achievable at low cost. The flip chip bonding technique is simplified by use of a solder paste which includes desirable reflow alignment, fluxing and printability characteristics. These desirable characteristics allow the assembly process to be further economically achieved by permitting the use of standard surface mount equipment in the process. High volume production of standard inexpensive modules are thus possible through this process while also achieving the advantage of high density interconnections afforded through the flip-chip bonding technology.
1. An apparatus for assembling a multichip module having an array of high density contact pads on a substrate and a matching array of contact pads on an unpackaged device, the apparatus comprising:
a solder paste, and wherein said solder paste includes
a) a solder,
b) a removing agent for metal oxides,
c) a low temperature component that substantially evaporates below or at said reflow temperature but does not substantially evaporate at room temperature,
d) a high temperature component that evaporates slowly at the reflow temperature,
e) a rheological modifier that allows said printing, and
f) a flux mixture consisting of diphenic acid, propyl-4-hydroxy benzoate, ethyl cellulose, castor oil, rosin gum and poly-propylene glycol;
means for printing the solder paste selectively onto the contact pads of the substrate for forming a solder paste pattern;
means for positioning in opposed alignment and in contact the contact pads on the device and the solder paste that forms the pattern; and
means for heating the solder paste at a reflow temperature for forming solder joints between the contact pads on the substrate and the contact pads on the device.
2. The apparatus as in claim 1 wherein said removing agent comprises diphenic acid.
3. The apparatus as in claim 1 wherein said low temperature component comprises propyl-4-hydroxybenzoate.
4. The apparatus as in claim 1 wherein said high temperature component comprises poly-propylene glycol of average molecular weight ≧425 grams/mole.
5. The apparatus as in claim 1 wherein said rheological modifier component comprises ethyl cellulose.
6. The apparatus as in claim 1 wherein said solder comprises a tin/antimony alloy.
7. The apparatus as in claim 1 wherein the flux mixture is combined of approximately 6 weight % of diphenic acid, 24 weight % of propyl-4-hydroxy benzoate, 5 weight % of ethyl cellulose, 2 weight % of castor oil, 10 weight % of rosin gum and 53 weight % of poly-propylene glycol.
8. The apparatus as in claim 7 wherein said solder paste includes a solder powder consisting of tin and antimony.
9. The apparatus as in claim 8 wherein the solder powder is combined in proportions of 95% tin and 5% antimony.
10. The apparatus as in claim 9 wherein the solder powder has a powder size of -500 mesh.
11. The apparatus as in claim 9 wherein the flux mixture and solder powder are combined of 12.5 weight % of flux mixture and 87.5 weight % of solder powder.
12. An apparatus for assembling a multichip module having an array of high density contact pads on a silicon substrate and a matching array of contact pads on an unpackaged integrated circuit chip, the apparatus comprising:
means for printing with automated surface mount equipment a solder paste selectively onto the contact pads of the substrate to form a solder paste pattern, the solder paste comprising a solder, a removing agent for metal oxides, a low temperature component that substantially evaporates below or at said reflow temperature but does not substantially evaporate at room temperature, a high temperature component that evaporates slowly at the reflow temperature, and a rheological modifier that allows said printing;
means for positioning said unpackaged integrated circuit chip with said automated surface mount equipment, by said positioning means, the contact pads on the unpackaged integrated circuit chip being positioned in opposed alignment and in contact with the solder paste that forms the solder paste pattern; and
means for heating with said surface mount equipment the solder paste at a reflow temperature to form solder joints between the contact pads on the substrate and the contact pads on the unpackaged integrated circuit chip.
13. The apparatus as in claim 12 wherein said solder paste includes a flux mixture consisting of diphenic acid, propyl-4-hydroxy benzoate, ethyl cellulose, castor oil, rosin gum and poly-propylene glycol.
14. The apparatus as in claim 12 wherein the printing means employs a patterned stencil having openings for printing the patterned solder paste onto the contact pads of the substrate.
15. The apparatus as in claim 14 wherein the openings in the stencil are between 5 and 15 mils in diameter.
16. The apparatus as in claim 15 wherein the stencil comprises between a 1 to 7 mil thickness sheet for printing on an area array of 4 to 15 mil contact pads.
17. The apparatus as in claim 16 wherein the solder paste is printed onto the contact pads of the substrate in a layer having a thickness of between 1 and 8 mils.
18. The apparatus as in claim 17 wherein the array of high density contact pads on the substrate and the matching array of contact pads on the device are configured as area arrays.
19. The apparatus as in claim 18 further including the step of rerouting the contact pads on the integrated circuit chip from a perimeter array to an area array when the array of contact pads on said integrated circuit is configured in a perimeter array.
This is a division of application Ser. No. 07/940,157 filed Sep. 3, 1992.
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to the assembly of multichip modules and, more particular, to the assembly of integrated circuit chips having an array of contact pads within such multichip module.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In recent years, new technologies which can provide high-density interconnections within and between integrated circuits and in other applications within electronic equipment have emerged. These technologies include the assembling of multichip modules which may contain several unpackaged integrated circuit (IC) chips mounted on a single substrate.
Various techniques for assembling unpackaged IC chips in a multichip module are available. These modules may be assembled by, for example, using either wire bonded connections, tape-automatic-bonded (TAB) connections, or solder flip-chip bonding, depending on the desired number and spacing of signal input-output (I/O) connections on both the chip and the substrate as well as permissible cost.
In a comparison of these three techniques, wire bonding is the most common chip-bonding technique. This technique has traditionally provided the maximum number of chip connections with the lowest cost per connection. A disadvantage of wire bonding is that inductance present in the wires used in connecting the chip to the substrate degrades the electrical performance of the circuitry in the multichip module. Also, since the I/O connections; are perimeter connections on the chip and since the wires connect to the substrate on an area not occupied by the chips, wire bonding requires more area on the substrate than that required in flip-chip bonding. Finally, wire bonding requires each connection between the chip and the substrate to be made one at a time and, therefore, is time consuming to assemble.
TAB bonding permits higher density I/O connections over wire bonding. This technique, however, is more expensive than wire bonding. This is, in part, because TAB bonding requires special tooling for each different chip design. Also like wire bonding, TAB bonding similarly requires I/O perimeter connections and therefore more area on a substrate than flip-chip bonding. There is also undesirable parasitic inductance which imposes a penalty on electrical performance of the IC chip circuitry connected using this bonding technique.
Flip-chip bonding of a multichip module is achieved by providing an IC chip with either perimeter or area array, solder wettable metal pads which comprise the signal (I/O) terminals on the chip and a matching footprint of solder wettable pads on the substrate. Before assembly onto the substrate, either the chip, the substrate, or both typically undergo a processing step as shown in FIG. 1 wherein a solid solder bump 11 is deposited at each signal (I/O) terminal on an IC chip 12 or on both an IC chip 16 and a substrate 17. The chip 12 (or 16) is then turned upside down and placed in an aligned manner on top of a substrate 13 (or 17) such that the solder bumps align with the wettable metal pads 14, or such that a pair of solder bumps on the chip 16 and the substrate 17 align with each other. All connections are then made simultaneously by heating the solder bumps to a reflow temperature at which the solder flows and an electrically conductive joint between the contact pads on both the substrate and the IC chip is formed. Such a process is described by R. R. Tummala and E. J. Rymaszewski in Microelectronics Packaging Handbook, New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1989, pp. 366-391.
Thus flip-chip bonding of IC chips used in multichip modules provides the advantage of requiring less area on a substrate and thereby facilitates high-density interconnections of the chips comprising the module. Since the interconnections are short, well controlled electrical characteristics are provided. High-speed signals are thus propagated in and through the module with minimum delay and distortion. Also since flip-chip bonding is a batch process, all interconnections are made quickly and simultaneously through a solder reflow step.
Despite having the described advantages, flip-chip bonding is generally viewed as the most expensive of the three bonding techniques. Hence, it has traditionally been used in assembling only those high performance products where cost is generally not the controlling factor. Chips that are wire-bonded or TABed have generally sufficed in the past for use in those standard and high volume products wherein cost is a consideration. In view of the need for additional functions to be provided in increasingly smaller packages, thus requiring increased sophistication in package technologies, it is desirable that flip-chip bonding be achievable at low cost. This bonding technique then becomes suitable for high volume applications while retaining the indicated technological advantages.
In accordance with the invention, a multichip module, which includes a substrate having an array of signal input/output contact pads and an unpackaged device chip having a matching array of signal input/output contact pads, is flip-chip assembled using a stencil printable solder paste and standard surface mount equipment.
The flip-chip assembly is achieved, in accordance with the invention, through use of a solder paste which includes desirable reflow alignment, fluxing and printability characteristics. In preferred embodiments, the solder paste is selectively printed through openings in a stencil onto, for example, the contact pads of the substrate for forming a solder paste pattern. The device chips are flipped and the contact pads on the chips are positioned in opposed alignment and in contact with the solder paste pattern using standard surface mount equipment. The solder paste is then heated at a reflow temperature for forming solder joints between the contact pads on the substrate and the contact pads on the device chip.
This invention and its mode of operation will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description when read with the appended drawing in which:
FIG. 1 is an illustration of two types of conventional flip-chip bonding assemblies available in the prior art;
FIG. 2 shows a stencil printer suitable for depositing solder paste on patterned substrate wafers, in accordance with the invention;
FIGS. 3 and 4 show a process for positioning device chips on unreflowed solder paste patterns for providing desired interconnections, in accordance with the invention;
FIGS. 5, 6, and 7 illustrate the steps of surface tension driven reflow alignment, which occurs during a reflow soldering process;
FIG. 8 is an illustration of a patterned substrate wafer populated with device chips;
FIG. 9 illustrates an arrangement for rerouting of signal input-output contacts on a conventional device chip from a perimeter array to an area array of signal input-output contacts by providing an additional metalization layer; and
FIG. 10 shows a patterned substrate for a multichip module.
Throughout the drawings, the same element when shown in more than one FIG. is designated by the same reference numeral.
In accordance with the invention, a multichip module is assembled using flip-chip bonding technology, a stencil printable solder paste and standard surface mount equipment for interconnecting signaling input/output contact pads on unpackaged devices within such multichip module. The flip chip bonding assembly process is simplified and achieved at low cost, in preferred embodiments, by use of a solder paste which includes desirable reflow alignment, fluxing and printability characteristics. These desirable characteristics allow the assembly process to be further economically achieved by permitting the use of standard surface mount equipment in the process.
Conventional flip-chip bonding techniques, such as the Controlled Collapsed Chip Connection (C4) process described by R. R. Tummala and E. J. Rymaszewski in Microelectronics Packaging Handbook, New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1989, and other similar processes, provide a mature, albeit expensive, technology for the assembly of multichip modules for the following reasons. First, the application of solder either in the forms of 1) preform, 2) by evaporation (i.e. through a shadow mask or through a liftoff process) or 3) plating is expensive compared with other forms of printing such as, for example, stencil printing. Second, in each of the currently available flip-chip bonding techniques, either the IC chip or the substrate is subsequently solder reflowed prior to assembly. This necessitates an additional solder reflow step in joining the chips to the substrate as a part of the assembly process.
The flip-chip assembly, which may have solder bumps on either the chips or the substrate or both the chips and the substrate, as show in FIG. 1, may be assembled in two principal ways each of which has limitations when compared to other assembly processes such as a micro surface mount assembly process disclosed later herein, in accordance with the invention. In a first flip chip assembly process, some practitioners apply a tacky flux to each placement site on a given substrate prior to assembly, and then place the appropriate chip at each site. Subsequent reflow then provides the assembled module. The drawbacks of this approach lie in the need to use the tacky flux and to apply it site by site which requires additional assembly steps, equipment and time. The second assembly process involves the use of thermocompression bonding between the chips and the substrate followed by subsequent fluxing and reflow either at the chip level, the substrate level, or the full wafer level. This approach is considerably slower than the micro surface mount process disclosed herein in that it requires the additional step for fluxing. In both conventional flip-chip assembly processes, the associated assembly equipment is generally expensive because of its limited breadth of applicability both within the industry and the technology. This equipment also tends to be relatively slow and inefficient when compared with surface mount assembly equipment.
In accordance with the invention, surface mount technology (SMT) is employed in assembling the multichip modules. SMT is an automated technology developed to speed the attachment of packaged ICs and discrete components (resistors, capacitors, diodes and transistors) to printed wiring boards (PWBs) using stencil printed solder paste and reflow soldering to assemble these components into hybrid circuit packs. SMT is known to provide a number of advantages when making an interconnection between an IC surface mount package and a circuit board. The packages for SMT can be developed with pads or connections extending out of the package at the tightest spacings, thus allowing more I/O interconnections per unit area of the package. Secondly, the technology can be used to increase the packaging density by requiring less board area and, therefore, lowering the cost of packaging the overall system.
Conventional surface mount experience suggests, however, that the approach of printing solder paste in placement applications gives rise to a formidable problem of defects such as, for example, solder balls and/or bridges between I/O contact pads. By way of example in illustrating the magnitude of the problem, in the process of multichip module assembly, as is provided herein in accordance with the invention, the density of connections are 20 times greater than they are in conventional surface mount technology. Consequently, there are 20 times the opportunity for solder balls and/or bridges to be formed and, accordingly, for these defects to create problems, i.e., current leakage paths.
When considering this problem from another perspective, in the process disclosed herein, there may be easily 2500 interconnections made in the assembly of a multichip module whereas in the surface mount assembly of a packaged IC onto a PWB package, there are typically 100 interconnections made. There is, therefore, a far higher potential risk of errors in the assembly of a multichip module. Moreover, in view of the nature of the flip-chip architecture, the opportunity for visual inspection and cleaning of observed defects is virtually eliminated. Still further, the issues of flux and paste residues as a contaminant and/or their cleanability are much more difficult to control in a flip-chip architecture than in the physically much larger and clearly much more open architecture associated with the assembly of hybrid circuit packs using conventional surface mount technology.
Empirical results obtained in support of the micro surface mount assembly process described herein have demonstrated a wide processing window for successfully suppressing defects such as solder balls and/or bridges. An important observation obtained from those results was that stencil printing of solder paste must be properly controlled in order to apply the correct amount of this paste. To achieve optimal stencil printing, the ratio between the stencil opening and the stencil thickness should be, preferably ≧2.5. For example, with a 7.5 mil stencil opening the stencil thickness should be ≦3 mil. Stencil openings between 5-15 mil in diameter can be printed. Using a stencil of 1-7 mil thickness, this allows a solder paste deposit of between 1-8 mil thickness. For example, printing a solder paste through a 9 mil diameter stencil opening over a 6 mil diameter solder wettable pad, a solder deposit of 2.5-3.5 mil may be achieved 1) by optimizing the solder paste as described in copending U.S. application Ser. No. 07/724,561, filed on Jun. 28, 1991, this application being commonly assigned with this present application to the same assignee and is incorporated herein by reference, and 2) by using a stencil having an optimum thickness of, for example, 2.5-3 mil. Once optimization of these factors are achieved, further observations also showed that conventional surface mount assembly equipment is able to be satisfactory employed in the assembly of the multichip modules. A standard pick-and-place machine for surface mount assembly, such as the Fuji IP-II, will provide the necessary accuracy to assure that, after solder reflow, a high yield multichip module product will be available free of bridges and solder balls.
Referring now to FIG. 2, there is shown a stencil printer 20 suitable for depositing solder paste on pre-patterned substrate wafers, in accordance with the invention. The stencil printer 20 comprises a perimeter stencil frame 21 surrounding and supporting a stencil 22 attached to this stencil frame 21. The stencil 22 has openings 23 for depositing solder paste 24. The stencil printer 20 also includes a solder depositing apparatus such as a squeegee blade 25 for spreading the solder paste 24 across the stencil 22 and into the stencil openings 23.
Also shown in FIG. 2 is a pallet 31 having a circular cavity for receiving a patterned substrate wafer 32. The solder paste, which is spread into the stencil openings 23 by the squeegee blade 25, is deposited onto solder wettable metal pads 33 on the top of the patterned substrate wafer 32. The patterned substrates contained on wafer 32, like the ICs they interface, will also include any desired active and passive circuits. The solder wettable metal pads 33 provide the necessary interconnections between the IC chips and are configured in arrays which match those on the IC chips.
In operation, the patterned substrate wafer 32 is positioned such that the solder wettable metal pads 33 are aligned with the stencil openings 23 in the stencil 22. The solder paste, described in detail later herein, is dispensed on the edge of the stencil and then pushed along the surface of the stencil by, for example, the squeegee blade 25 or some other solder paste depositing apparatus. By this process, solder paste is selectively deposited onto the wettable metal pads 33 on the patterned substrate wafer 32.
Referring next to FIGS. 3 and 4, also with FIG. 2, there is shown the process for positioning device chips on the unreflowed solder paste patterns 36 for providing the desired interconnections. These device chips may include, by way of example, IC chips 35, as illustrated, or also discrete component ensemble chips. An IC chip is an integrated circuit chip and a discrete ensemble chip is, singularly or in combination, a group of functionally discrete resistors, capacitors, transistors, and/or diodes fabricated on a single silicon substrate. Each IC chip 35 has solder wettable metal pads 37 which comprise the signal I/O terminals on these chips. In the operation of the process, the solder wettable metal pads 37 on each of the chips 35 are aligned over and placed onto matching solder paste patterns 36 on the substrate wafer 32 with conventional surface mount assembly equipment. The interconnections are then reflow soldered to form solder joints 38 shown in FIG. 4. In executing this process, the assemblies are passed through a reflow furnace (not shown) where they are heated to the point where the solder melts and forms the solder joints 38 between the solder wettable metal pads 37 on the chips 35 and the solder wettable metal pads 33 on the substrate 32.
Referring next to FIGS. 5, 6 and 7, in combination, there is shown an illustration of the process of surface tension driven reflow alignment. Conventional surface mount assembly equipment aligns with and places a chip 55 onto its matching pattern on a substrate wafer 52 typically with an accuracy of within +/-2 mils. This accuracy for rerouted patterns of 6 mil wettable metal pads having 8 mil separations is sufficient to insure good yield upon reflow soldering by virtue of the surface tension driven reflow realignment. If the IC chip 55 is offset up to +/-2 mils, for example, then the chip 55 and substrate 52 would appear mated generally as illustrated in FIG. 5. With reflow soldering, the solder paste melts and forms solder joints as illustrated in FIG. 6. With the surface tension driven reflow alignment, which occurs during the reflow process, the IC chip is then drawn into alignment with the substrate, as illustrated in FIG. 7.
The effectiveness of this process of reflow realignment is affected by the characteristics of the solder paste. Such solder paste must be designed not only to optimize reflow realignment, but at the same time provide the necessary fluxing characteristics. As earlier indicated herein, such a solder paste can be made by following the guidelines given in copending U.S. application Ser. No. 07/724,561. The solder paste and process for soldering described in this copending application is disclosed as being suitable for use in regular surface mount applications. With modifications, this solder paste and process for soldering is also suitable for use in micro surface mount applications, in accordance with the invention.
The solder paste employed in this soldering process contains solder balls of relatively small dimensions, i.e., balls having a diameter in the range 5 μm to 100 μm, and a vehicle i.e., flux. The solder balls are used to insure the presence of sufficient electrical conductance to produce a low resistance joint between the solder wettable metal pads on an IC chip and the solder wettable metal pads on a substrate. The flux is employed to yield a variety of properties necessary for the soldering process. In particular, the flux is chosen so that it is possible to print the paste onto the solder wettable metal pads of the substrate through a stencil without depositing essentially any paste in other regions of the substrate. The paste is also chosen 1) to have good tackiness so that when the IC chip is pressed onto the paste, it remains in position, 2) to remove metal oxides from the solder balls and contacting metal pads, and 3) so that at the reflow temperature any IC chip that is not precisely aligned with the substrate is able to move into alignment through the surface tension interactions. The flux additionally slows reoxidation during reflow by limiting oxygen from reaching the solder surface by diffusion through the flux.
In addition to the other requirements placed on the solder flux vehicle, it is essential that after reflow, any residue which remains either produces no harmful/corroding residue or yields a residue that is freely soluble in a cleaning solvent. The desirable properties of a flux vehicle together with the absence of a residue or the presence of an easy to clean residue in a non-corroding medium is possible by a specific choice of components. In particular, the flux components are chosen to include a metal oxide removing agent such as an organic acid, a low vapor pressure component that evaporates before reflow but that solvates or dissolves in the other components, a rheological modifier that provides the viscosity required for suitable printing properties and a high temperature component that evaporates slowly at the reflow temperatures of the solder used in the assembly.
By way of example, and in accordance with the principles disclosed in U.S. application Ser. No. 07/724,561, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,150,832, a flux was made by mixing 6 grams diphenic acid, 24 grams propyl-4-hydroxy benzoate, 5 grams ethyl cellulose, 2 grams castor oil, 10 grams rosin gum and 53 grams of poly-propylene glycol molecular weight 425 grams/cm3. The temperature of the mixture was allowed to rise to 135� C. so that all ingredients were fully dissolved. The flux was then cooled to room temperature. Next 12.0 grams of the flux were mixed with 87.5 grams of solder powder of the composition tin (95%) and antimony (5%), the solder powder having powder size -500 mesh to provide an adequate amount of solder paste for forming acceptable micro interconnections directly between flipped unpackaged IC chips and appropriately metallized and patterned substrates.
FIG. 8 is an illustration of a patterned substrate wafer populated with IC chips. On each one of the plurality of the patterned substrates illustrated, four of the five IC chips have been placed on each patterned substrate using conventional surface mount assembly equipment. The solder wettable metal surfaces or pads for the fifth IC chip for each substrate are also illustrated in this FIG.
IC chips of any design may advantageously be provided with an additional metalization layer which reroutes the I/O contacts from a perimeter array configuration as commonly encountered on chips designed for wire bonding and TAB to I/O contacts of an area array. Such an area array configuration is advantageously constructed of a greater pitch and is therefore suitable for stencil printing of solder paste onto the wettable metal pads on either the chips or substrate.
Referring next to FIG. 9, there is shown the rerouting of I/O contacts on a conventional IC chip 90 from a perimeter array to an area array of I/O contacts by providing an additional metalization layer. The perimeter contacts 91 are contacts that have been rerouted into one of the area contacts 92. The perimeter contacts 93 are those contacts which are maintained on the perimeter of the chip in the additional metalization layer and serve as part of the area array of I/O contacts. Rerouting gives the following advantages: First, it permits use of conventionally designed chips--even commodity chips--in a multichip module. The requirement to develop custom chips with the desired i/O array contacts normally required for printing is thereby eliminated. Secondly, the ability to perform such rerouting facilitates the design of standard I/O patterns which may be developed for CAD/CAM databases. These standard I/O patterns may be considered somewhat analogous to the standardized sockets developed for vacuum tubes in the vacuum tube era, for example. Thirdly, the wider spacing of the rerouted solder wettable pads greatly improves the processing window for printing solder paste and reflow soldering. In some ICs having low density I/O contacts, however, it may not be necessary to reroute from a perimeter array to an area array. Rather, a perimeter array of well spaced solder wettable metal pads may suffice.
Shown in FIG. 10, is a patterned substrate for a multichip module. This module contains solder wettable metal pads on four patterns 101 through 104 for placing matching IC chips. Pattern 101, for example, accommodates the chip 90 shown in FIG. 9. Also, patterns 103 and 104 may be two unseparated IC chips. Not separating chips may be advantageous when the level of functionality desired in the multichip module is such that two of the same type of chip are required. Also shown are the perimeter array contacts 110 for providing I/O signals to, for example, a circuit board or for packaging of the multichip module.
Various modifications of this invention are contemplated. An example of such a modification is illustrated in the process whereby the solder paste is printed on the solder wettable metal pads of each IC chip and the solder paste patterns, generated thereby, are aligned with and placed in contact with the solder wettable metal pads on the substrate. The solder paste is subsequently reflowed to form solder joints between the contact pads on the IC chip and those on the substrate, as described earlier herein.
Another modification of the invention would be to print the solder paste patterns directly onto the IC chips while these chips are still in a whole wafer form (undiced) and then reflowing the wafer to form solder bumps. The wafer may subsequently be tested and diced or separated into the individual IC chips and. eventually assembled into the multichip modules by placement into the stencil paste on the substrate wafer as described earlier herein. IC chips that have solder bumps obtained through this process provides an economical means for increasing the volume of solder in each joint, which may be desirable for reliable operation in some harsh conditions. Unstandably, the substrate may also be reflowed to form solder bumps through this process, if desired. Thus modifications may obviously be resorted to by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as hereinafter defined by the appended claims.
Patent Citations
Referenced by
Legal Events
Original Image


text:
Hampton Inn & Suites Trophy Club
Hampton Inn & Suites Trophy Club is in Roanoke (Trophy Club) and area attractions include Hawaiian Falls Roanoke, Southlake Town Square, and Sky Creek Ranch Golf Club. Additional area attractions include Parks at Town Center and Tour 18 Dallas.
Hotel Features.
Hampton Inn & Suites Trophy Club has an outdoor pool and a 24-hour fitness center. Complimentary wireless Internet access is available in public areas. There is a 24-hour business center on site. The hotel offers a snack bar/deli. Guests are served a complimentary breakfast. Additional amenities include tour/ticket assistance, laundry facilities, and coffee/tea in the lobby. Complimentary self parking is available onsite for guests. This is a smoke-free property.
The 94 guestrooms at Hampton Inn & Suites Trophy Club include coffee/tea makers and complimentary weekday newspapers. Guests can use the in-room complimentary wireless high-speed Internet access. Rooms are equipped with LCD TVs. Bathrooms offer hair dryers and complimentary toiletries. All units feature microwaves and refrigerators.
Hotel is easily accessible to the local freeway. Clean, courteous staff. Nice breakfast…
Pretty nice and new hotel, but when it says Inn & Suites, I typically think of some sort…
Enter dates to check prices
Hotel Info: 866-539-8117from $98
- King Hearing Accessible Studio
- King Studio Suite
- Two Queens Hearing Accessible
- Standard Room, 1 King Bed
- Standard Room, 2 Queen Beds
Recommended hotels
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 94 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 4 floors
- Check-in time starts at 3 PM
- Check-out time is 11 AM
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- Pets not allowed (service dogs only)
Extra people
- Roll-away beds available, charges may apply*
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Free WiFi in rooms
- Free self parking
- Accessible parking
Other information
- Smoke-free property
In the hotel
- Free hot/cold buffet breakfast
- Snack bar/deli
- Room service
- Coffee/tea in the lobby
- Outdoor pool
- Pool sun loungers
- 24-hour fitness facilities
- 24-hour business center
- Number of meeting rooms - 2
- Conference space size (feet) - 1075
- Conference space size (meters) - 97
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Laundry facilities
- Luggage storage
- Elevator/lift
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Disabled parking
- Accessibility equipment for the deaf
- In-room accessibility
In the room
- Coffee/tea maker
- Iron/ironing board
- Free toiletries
- Hair dryer
- 37-inch LCD TV
- Free weekday newspaper
- Free WiFi
- Refrigerator
- Microwave


text:
Alps crash: Co-pilot 'locked cabin door and deliberately crashed plane'
The co-pilot of ill-fated Germanwings flight 4u9525 is believed to have locked the cabin door before voluntarily crashing the plane, killing everyone on board.
David Cameron today insisted he did not regret appointing Jeremy Hunt to rule on Rupert Murdoch's £8 billion bid for BSkyB.
25 May 2012
25 May 2012
Jeremy Hunt's office exchanged 799 text messages and 191 phone calls with a top lobbyist for the Murdoch empire during its £8 billion bid for BskyB, the Leveson inquiry heard.
24 May 2012
I admit, oddly, to having initially had a soft spot for Jeremy Hunt.
23 May 2012
23 May 2012
Westminster's anti-sleaze watchdog has launched an inquiry into Jeremy Hunt following claims he failed to register donations from media firms.
21 May 2012
Culture Secretary Jeremy Hunt's former special adviser Adam Smith will give evidence to the Leveson Inquiry next week, it was announced today.
18 May 2012
16 May 2012
Politicians are judged by the company they keep. However innocent, Mr Cameron is now embroiled in the Brooks saga
16 May 2012
One intriguing detail to emerge from Andy Coulson's witness statement to the Leveson Inquiry: He said he spent New Year's Eve 2010 at Rebekah Brooks' Oxfordshire home.
16 May 2012


text:
Unu DX Battery Case Giveaway - Winners Announced
iLounge and uNu are giving away the following uNu DX Protective Battery Cases.
(10) Unu DX Protective Battery Case Matte Black (Retail value $79.95)
uNu's DX Protective iPhone 5 Battery Case is the successor of its No.1 selling iPhone 4s battery cases on Amazon.com. Designed to be more than just a battery case, uNu's new DX case features unbridled power wrapped within a refined frame, which brings power and protection to a new level.
Uncompromised Protection
The ergonomic yet sleek style with a minimal of 15mm thickness allows the DX case to comfortably protect while still emanating the iPhones original design. Coupled with the included bonus screen protector, and protective lip that goes above the screen, the protection offered by the New DX case will never be compromised.
Advanced Battery Technology
The new DX features a powerful 2300mAh battery core, which provides the iPhone 5 the true 100% battery boost (equals to an additional 10 hours talk time). Plus its charging circuit is redesigned and optimized to charge your iPhone 5 at 1A / 5W speed, which doubles the speed of its predecessor.
Lightning Technology to MicroUSB
The new DX fully supports charging and synchronization of the iPhone 5 through the case and transform the lightning port on the iPhone 5 to a commonly deployed standard micro-USB port located on the DX case, which will effectively relieve the pain of lacking lightning charging cables and docking accessories.
MFI Certified Reliability
Like every product designed by uNu, each product is extensively and thoroughly designed and tested to ensure 100% satisfaction. The DX case will be sure to pass the Apple's "Made for iPhone" testing and certification process and ensure it to be the most reliable battery cases for your iPhone 5.
For more information visit MyuNu.com.
Congratulations to the Winners:
Tom Tumbri
Lindsay Sperling
Danny Farley
Karen Hunter
Henry Trombley
Thomas Brannon
Pedro Gelabert
Max Lakshtanov
Jack England
Richard Jones
Official Rules:
This giveaway is open to US and Canadian residents only.
This giveaway begins as of this posting and ends on February 28, 2013 at 11:59PM Pacific Time.
No purchase is necessary to enter.
There will be ten (10) winners announced on March 1, 2013. Prizes will be shipped from the sponsor and may take 3 - 6 weeks. Please be patient.
One entry per person.
Must be 18 years or older to enter. Under 18? Ask a parent or guardian to enter for you.
Void where prohibited.
Associates, employees, principals, or relatives thereof of iLounge are not eligible.
All taxes are the sole responsibility of the winners.
iLounge reserves the right to modify these terms to comply with the laws of the State of California, to correct errors and omissions, or to ensure fairness as determined by iLounge. Such modifications, if any, will be posted at iLounge.
Your entry implies and expresses your agreement to these terms and your waiver of any other rights, related to such giveaways, you may have in any jurisdiction.
Related Stories
I would love to win
Posted by Dennis Lloyd in Irvine, CA on February 4, 2013 at 9:27 AM (CST)
This sounds great. Better life than my battery now
Posted by Dennis Lloyd in Irvine, CA on February 23, 2013 at 10:11 AM (CST)
Recent News
- Apple retail stores to have very limited Apple Watch stock
- Apple quietly acquiring companies to improve cloud services?
- Apple planning to release three iPhone models this year?
- Report reveals more details on Apple's upcoming music service
- Apple adds CNNgo channel to Apple TV
- Apple acquires database company FoundationDB
- Apple releases iOS 8.3 beta 4
- Apple adds Tastemade, TED, Young Hollywood channels to Apple TV
- Source: Italian prosecutors wrap up Apple tax probe
- iLounge Weekly coming Monday, sign up now
Recent Reviews
- OORT SmartFinder, SmartLED + SmartSocket
- RooCase Exec Tough for iPhone 6 Plus
- Pronto Smart Remote System
- iWalk Extreme Spartan
- EnerPlex Surfr for iPhone 6
- IK Multimedia iRig 2 Guitar Interface
- PowerSkin Pop'n 3 for iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus
- Coogobox Symphony Dock for iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus
- PowerSkin Spare for iPhone 6
- Chil Attraction Jacket for iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus
Recent Articles
- Can I turn off the app icons that appear in the bottom corner on the lock screen?
- Why do I have two separate conversations with the same person in Messages?
- Can I transfer the existing version of an app to my new iPhone?
- How do I quickly erase all of the contacts on my old iPhone?
- How do I disassociate my phone number from iMessage?
- How do I stop Siri from randomly waking up?
- How do I cancel a print job on iOS?
- How do I make my camera LED flash when my iPhone rings?
- How do I re-sync contacts to my vehicle after switching to a new iPhone?
- How do I move away from a shared Apple ID for iMessage?


text:
SMG has dibs on addressable TV ad inventory at national scale.
Starcom MediaVest Group clients like Procter & Gamble and GM have been clamoring for targeted TV ad offerings with reach. An agreement with DirecTV gives Starcom exclusive first dibs on addressable TV ad inventory at national scale.
Starting early next year, the companies plan to test ads targeted across the country by geography, customer segments, and using third-party sources and advertiser data. Following the trial period, the system will roll out, allowing advertisers to reach around 10 million households with DVRs through addressable ads.
"The industry handed us a lemon with the DVR, but now it's time to make lemonade," said Tracey Scheppach (pictured), SVP and innovations director at SMG Exchange. "We're actively working as a consultant to DirecTV to help them build the product from the ground up."
According to Bob Riordan, SVP DirecTV advertising sales, the companies are working together to develop an industry standard platform for linking data and media buying systems to enable ad buying, management and billing.
The deal allows advertisers to reach DirecTV users through two minutes of pre-emptable ad inventory the satellite television company controls per hour. At first, the TV firm will run the ads across the 25 top rated cable networks. Rather than running a low-value ad for The Snuggie, for instance, a targeted ad sold at a premium might be put in its place. Riordan said the company is dedicating "about 25 percent of our available inventory" to the project.
The agency has tested addressable television since 2005, and expects advertisers that have been hesitant to use targeted TV ads to jump in now that there is national reach. When the agency first began testing targeted television spots, it could reach just 8,000 homes. "This is a huge step forward in terms of the amount of homes that television addressability will be available to," said Scheppach.
The system will operate in conjunction with third party data firms like Experian. DirecTV will provide its consumer data to third party firms which will apply traditional direct mail attributes to it (which DVR is associated with a home that has a dog or kids, for instance). Up to 120 30-second ads will be stored in each DVR and play within the live stream when they're called up by the system. The targeting is based on audience segments and attributes rather than context of programs; however, Scheppach said advertisers can block their ads from delivery during specific shows.
"This will be an interesting transition. [Television advertisers have] never really been able to buy audience."
She stressed the agency's first right of refusal for ad inventory associated with the deal. For instance, many advertisers will want to reach Moms, and this deal gives its clients the ability to buy that targeted inventory first.
DirecTV considers Starcom its lead agency on the project, but anticipates opening it up to other agencies in the future, said Riordan. "Eventually we will be going out across the entire industry," he said.
So far, around a dozen Starcom advertisers have tested the targeted DirecTV ads. In the future, Scheppach hopes to work with other digital television services to expand reach for advertisers. "The value associated with addressability... opens up a whole new class of advertisers to TV," she said, suggesting that once advertisers can reach the bulk of U.S. households - currently around 114 million - it could bring in $10 billion in incremental ad revenue to television. She believes that could happen by 2015.
Though money may be plucked from other budgets, Scheppach said the majority of addressable TV ad dollars will come from current direct mail budgets. For example, she suggested catalog companies will send fewer print catalogs to consumers, and spend money on targeted TV ads "to reinforce with a sight, sound, and motion message with video."
Some money could come from online display ad budgets, but she thinks most will come from direct mail, in addition to radio and newspaper budgets. "I don't think it's going to impact the online video budget," she continued.
Want to learn more?
Attend ClickZ Live New York March 30 - April 1. With over 15 years' experience delivering industry-leading events, ClickZ Live brings together over 60 expert speakers to offer an action-packed, educationally-focused agenda covering all aspects of digital marketing. Register today!
Kate Kaye was Managing Editor at ClickZ News until October 2012. As a daily reporter and editor for the original news source, she covered beats including digital political campaigns and government regulation of the online ad industry. Kate is the author of Campaign '08: A Turning Point for Digital Media, the only book focused on the paid digital media efforts of the 2008 presidential campaigns. Kate created ClickZ's Politics & Advocacy section, and is the primary contributor to the one-of-a-kind section. She began reporting on the interactive ad industry in 1999 and has spoken at several events and in interviews for television, radio, print, and digital media outlets. You can follow Kate on Twitter at @LowbrowKate.
Mar 30-Apr 1, 2015
June 23-25, 2015
July 9, 2015
August 10-12, 2015
September 8-10, 2015
Hong Kong, May 5-6, 2015
A Buyer's Guide to Affiliate Management Software
Manage your performance marketing with the right solution. Choose a platform that will mutually empower advertisers and media partners!
Google My Business Listings Demystified
To help brands control how they appear online, Google has developed a new offering: Google My Business Locations. This whitepaper helps marketers understand how to use this powerful new tool.
May 6, 2015
12:00pm ET/9:00am PT


text:
Interested in Fussen?
We'll send you updates with the latest deals, reviews and articles for Fussen each week.
| Fussen Hotels
Fussen Hotels by Category
| Fussen Hotels by Type
| Fussen Attractions
| Fussen Attractions by Type
| Fussen Restaurants
| Fussen Restaurants by Type
| Fussen Restaurants by Dining Options
| Vacation Rentals
| Flights
| TripAdvisor pages
Up one level: Swabia


text:
Senate banking committee Chairman Christopher Dodd, D-Conn., and Sen. Bob Corker, R-Tenn., met with Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner to discuss legislation overhauling financial regulation. "We're working, a lot of members are, the door's open," Dodd said. Geithner was pleased that the lawmakers are moving forward with negotiations, a Treasury Department official said.
View Full Article in:Reuters
Published in Brief:


text:
Posts from Lunch
Recipe: Tomato Salad with Red Onion, Dill and Feta
Salad Recipes from The Kitchn
There are two schools of thought as to what makes the perfect summer tomato salad. There's the minimalist approach, as seen in this lovely recipe, letting ripe tomatoes stand on their own with nothing more than a touch of oil and balsamic. This is very good indeed. But there is another approach that is just as good.
This is the full-on maximalist tomato salad: tossed gloriously with red pepper, feta, dill, cucumber, and olives. Both are beautiful, both are delicious, but we're going maximal today.
Recipe: No-Cook Tomato Sauce
Weeknight Dinner Recipes from The Kitchn
Late summer tomatoes finally turning red and orange, check. Basil plants still producing loads of leaves, check. Garlic cloves and fruity extra virgin olive oil, check and check. These are the only ingredients you need for the easiest and tastiest 5-ingredient tomato sauce of all time. The results are simple and spectacular.
Recipe: Swiss Chard Taco Wraps with Cumin-Lime Sauce
Recipes from The Kitchn
Our farm is overflowing with summer produce right now, and my husband and I could not be more thrilled. Our hard work is finally paying off and some of our favorite summertime treats are starting to make their seasonal debut. Tomatoes, onions, peppers, corn, cilantro, and of course, one of my favorite leafy greens: swiss chard! Put those together and you have these healthy, no-fuss swiss chard taco wraps, perfect for a breezy summer meal.
Recipe: Chilled Black Bean, Feta & Cucumber Salad
Healthy Lunch Recipes from The Kitchn
This hearty, refreshing salad takes about 15 minutes to make — no cooking, no excessive prep. If my taste buds could actually dance, they would definitely dance with every spoonful. Creamy feta and red wine vinegar add a delicious Greek twist to ingredients that are typically found in Central American dishes: black beans, corn, and cilantro. Make a big batch at the beginning of the week and you're all set.
How Is Egg Salad So Bad Sometimes?
Kitchen Diaries: Kate in New York City
The first time I ate egg salad was surprisingly late in life, when I was 16 or 17. The memory wouldn't be noteworthy except that it was so exceptionally un-noteworthy. All I recall is that a glob of yellowish gray mush devoid of any flavor, or even salt and pepper, sat in front of me. So this is it, I thought. Years later, I've become obsessed with the versatility of salads like this — egg salad, tuna salad and the like. But really, how can something so good be so bad so often?
Recipe: Quinoa Tabbouleh
Side Dish Recipes from The Kitchn
Last week, I came home from the farmers market with my bag full of beautiful, bright red summer tomatoes. As I set them out on the counter, I spotted a container of quinoa that hadn't gotten put away the night before. I looked at the tomatoes. I looked at the quinoa. Tomatoes. Quinoa. And so this herby, lemony, tomato-flecked quinoa tabbouleh was born.
Recipe: Sautéed Zucchini with Chorizo & Lime
Recipes from The Kitchn
Once the summer glut of zucchini arrives, it's easy to get tired of eating them. The good thing is that they have a mild, sweet flavor that works well with a lot of other ingredients and cuisines.
Here I've given a basic dish of sautéed zucchini a bit of a twist with the addition of smoky chorizo and hits of fresh lime and cilantro.
5 Tips for Making a Week's Worth of Salads on Sunday
Tips from The Kitchn
For many years I worked in overnight retail management. Working odd hours is rough to begin with, but having something fresh for lunch at 2AM was tricky, so we turned to salads — they were easy to make, quick to throw together, and always left us with a fresh burst of energy.
Here are some tips I learned along the way to help you efficiently prep a variety of salad lunches on Sunday. I promise it won't be monotonous, and you'll actually look forward to eating them throughout the week!
Recipe: Lyonnaise Salad
Recipes from The Kitchn
We have a lot to thank France for when it comes to mealtime, but perhaps one of my favorites is Lyonnaise Salad, or Salade Lyonniase: it's a perfect combination of frisée, a curly bitter salad green, tossed in a warm vinaigrette and topped with a poached egg and crispy thick-slab bacon pieces. It's one of those timeless dishes that hits the spot every time and can transport you to the banks of the Seine even if you're stuck in your sweltering American apartment.
5 Crazy Hot Dogs for the Young (Or Young at Heart)
Fun Food
What is it about hot dogs that lends them to playing with your food so well? Sure, you could cut up hot dogs into bite-size pieces or serve them in plain buns and call it a day. But why do that when you can transform a quality all-beef hot dog into fun food art that you (or, ahem, your kids) will go crazy for?!