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New photos of our 3D printing materials! February 25
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Cannibal Dolphin
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I have a low frame rate on the login screen with menu animations. I have the Retina MacBook Pro, so my specs are totally fine.
What I just noticed however, is this only happens on the Retina Display itself: if I have an external display plugged in (a 64.6kHz 60HZ PN 1680 x1050 Samsung display with a DVI in) then the frame-rate on that display is smooth. Moving the client back to the Retina screen makes it stutter again. I'd like to reemphasize that this only impacts the login screen and not gameplay in any way.
Thanks in advance for any help I can get,
2.3 Ghz Intel Core i7
16 GB 1600 MHz DDR3
Intel HD Graphics 4000
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2880x1800 LCD Display
Same here
Even on non-retina machines, its quickly apparent there's frame rate issues if you try to move the window around.
Does the frame rate problem persist if you use the check boxes to disable the Menu Animations? I don't think I've used LoL without both of those check-boxes checked since the inception of the game.
Just sitting still I also have really low fps on the mac client on my retina machine. Looks fine when i swap to bootcamp though.
Senior Member
Same issue here
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Clash at Clairemont went down last Saturday, June 1rst and I had a blast! This event benefits the YMCA Krause Family Skatepark and Grind For Life, a great charity that helps families with the high cost of fighting cancer. This event, in it's seventh year, merged with the Sonic Generations of Vert contest.
The day starts with an amateur contest, ends with music and skating in the pool and is filled with amazing skateboarding and BMX riding. Booth village was filled with great companies supporting the effort to raise money to fight cancer. This year was the best Clash to date if you ask me. Continue reading


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Making the switch from "mummy" to "mum"
Started by fillesetjumeaux , Jan 09 2013 12:41 PM
51 replies to this topic
Posted 09 January 2013 - 12:41 PM
I'm curious about the experience of others in this regard, as I never successfully made the transition as a child, and still think of my mother as "Mummy" even though when discussing her with others (including my sisters), I call her Mum (which seems like a different person).
My nearly-10yo calls me Mummy (although being the quirky child that she is, she often calls me Maman, the French word for Mummy/Mum).
How/when did your own children make the transition to calling you Mum? What about you as a child?
Should I just start calling myself Mum and have them follow my lead, or will it be somewhat cute when my 20yo DSs are still calling me Mummy?!
Posted 09 January 2013 - 12:43 PM
My mother died in 2005, when I was 31, I still called her Mummy. And my Dad died last year when I was 38 and he was still my Daddy.
Why change it? I am confused
Posted 09 January 2013 - 12:45 PM
My 2 big ones call me a mixture of Mum and Mummy. they are 6 and 2. occasionally when the 2 year old is upset its "Mumma"
My husband mentioned the other day though, that our 6 year old has completely stopped calling him "Daddy" and he is now known as "Dad"
i'm not sure how cute their friends will find them if they are calling you Mummy at 20
Posted 09 January 2013 - 12:47 PM
My Mummy died when I was 38 years old and I hadn't kicked the habit - although I will admit to calling her 'Mum' in front of my friends when I was a teen.
My DP expressed surprise that my nephew was calling his mother 'Mummy' at 6, yet never blinked an eyelid at me????
* I call my father either Dad, Daddy O, or Papa Bear.
Edited by countrymel, 09 January 2013 - 12:51 PM.
Posted 09 January 2013 - 12:49 PM
* weird posty?
Edited by countrymel, 09 January 2013 - 12:50 PM.
Posted 09 January 2013 - 12:50 PM
We are in the opposite boat - DD only says Dad and DP wants to be called Daddy..he keeps trying to encourage it.
I stopped by 5 I think but I pushed myself away from them so maybe not normal?
Posted 09 January 2013 - 12:51 PM
Why do you need to make a switch?
Posted 09 January 2013 - 12:53 PM
kerrie23, I don't want to change it, but I notice that most tweens are already saying "mum" instead of "mummy" so obviously there is some transition (unless everyone calls themselves "mum" from the start?).
I'm happy to continue being Mummy as long as my children are happy to say it. But I remember as a teen not addressing my mum in front of friends because I was too embarrassed to call her Mummy, and she was just never Mum.
Posted 09 January 2013 - 12:55 PM
Kids are pretty cluey, no doubt they will begin to self regulate without making a 'conscious' decision to do so
Posted 09 January 2013 - 01:08 PM
I'd say go with their lead. I had older cousins so I was keen to copy them and use Mum as soon as I could. I haven't called my parents Mummy or Daddy since I was little, however my Dad still refers to Mum as Mummy when he talks to me and it drives me nuts. My children use both and they are all under 10.
Posted 09 January 2013 - 01:17 PM
My DH is almost 34 and still calls his mother Mummy or Mumma. I started calling my mother Mum instead of Mummy when I was around 8 or 9. My mother is 56 and still calls her mother Mummy.
I'd just go with what works for you and your family. No need to change it if everyone is happy with what they are called.
Posted 09 January 2013 - 01:49 PM
I still call my Dad Daddy, when discussing him I call him Dad, but when speaking to him depending on my mood still use Daddy.
All my kids mainly call us Mum or Dad though, occasionally I will get Mummy but it's rare.
Posted 09 January 2013 - 02:02 PM
My 5 and 4 year olds generally call DH and I Daddy and Mummy, although they occasionally call us Dad and Mum. It something they've done on their own, and we're just going with the flow. When DD is really upset, she'll call me Mumma.
DH and his siblings call their parents by their first name, and have done since they were little because their parents always referred to the other by their names rather than as Mum or Dad. Took me a while to get my head around it. I hadn't thought about it for a while, then the other day, DS referred DH's mother by her name rather than by 'Granny'.
Posted 09 January 2013 - 02:26 PM
My sisters and I never stopped calling our parents Mummy and Daddy. When I refer to them in the third person it's usually Mum or Dad. I don't see the need to consciously make the switch - they'll work it out and change if they want to.
Posted 09 January 2013 - 02:28 PM
I get called Mum, Mummy and Mumma by my three. They are 9, 7 and 3.
Posted 09 January 2013 - 02:37 PM
My 5 year old calls me both Mum and Mummy. Depends on what she wants, and her mood, I guess! She also calls me Mumma, which I have to say, I really don't like. She also uses Daddy and Dad interchangeably, but uses Daddy more than Dad.
DD2, well, all she says is Daddy!
I remember my Mum telling me that when she was growing up, it was seen as lower class to call your mother Mum, so she always called her mother either Ma or Mummy, although as an adult, she defaulted to Ma. Her mother was british though (but in Australia), and her father was an Army officer, and they were all about the "proper" way to do things etc, so that rule may have been a british thing. Who knows!
Posted 09 January 2013 - 02:39 PM
Mine stil gets called mummy.when I was a teen it was Mumma usually with bear added on too. These days I alternate between mummy and mummabear. She only gets mum when I'm shocked at something she says, oh and she gets mother if I need to ask her something lol.
Mt father has always been either dad or ray depending on how our relationship is going at that point. No affectionate names for him.
Mine stil gets called mummy.when I was a teen it was Mumma usually with bear added on too. These days I alternate between mummy and mummabear. She only gets mum when I'm shocked at something she says, oh and she gets mother if I need to ask her something lol.
Mt father has always been either dad or ray depending on how our relationship is going at that point. No affectionate names for him.
Posted 09 January 2013 - 02:39 PM
I get called both.
I still call my own mother "Mummy," sometimes. Not often, but sometimes.
Posted 09 January 2013 - 02:45 PM
I think about this often. I remember my sister and I making the switch from Mummy to Mum at the end of primary/start of high school. Mummy seemed embarrassingly baby like at the time & we were already under scrutiny at school for speaking like "poshies" so Mum seemed the "cooler" option.
DS still calls us Mummy & Daddy & I hope that doesn't change anytime soon, I love it. DD calls us Mamma or Mum and Dadda. She's never got the hang of Mummy & Daddy & it may not happen now.
Posted 09 January 2013 - 02:55 PM
I get Mum mostly from my almost 5yr old, sometimes I get Mama but hardly ever Mummy. Our family have a habit of creating many different nicknames for people so my mum got Ma, Mum, Mother, Mummy Mumstar and it goes on.
DH gets Daddy or Dad, my FIL is Papa.
My father was always either Dad, or David. He was never my Daddy.
Edited by A.K.A, 09 January 2013 - 02:56 PM.
Posted 09 January 2013 - 10:15 PM
I've noticed that when other adults speak to my kids, they frequently refer to me as 'Mum'. The teachers at school refer to kids' parents as 'Mum' or 'Dad', never 'Mummy' or 'Daddy' (that I know of, at least). Even my dad refers to me as 'Mum' when speaking to my kids. So I think outside influences will probably play a strong role.
DD1 switched from calling me 'Mummy' to 'Mum' for a while when she was 3 (preschool teacher influence, maybe?), but later switched back.
DD2, now 4, has called me 'Mama' for quite a while now and even DD1 has picked it up, so I get a mix of 'Mummy' and 'Mama'. DD2 also calls XH 'Dadda' more often than 'Daddy'.
Posted 09 January 2013 - 10:22 PM
My kids already use both.
Just like I call them both William/will (eg.) they call me Mummy/mum. Mummy is usually when they want to talk to me or sweeten me up. Mum is what they say when they want something.... You know... Muuumm (whiny voice).
I don't remember calling my folks anything other then mum and dad (now the two Nonnos).
Posted 09 January 2013 - 10:24 PM
Just going to add my grandparents were always Nan and Pop. Not Nanny or Poppy. I went to visit my near 94yo grandmother today.... Introduced my kids to my Nan.
Posted 09 January 2013 - 10:30 PM
DD usually calls me mummy but sometimes mama. On occasion I get my first name because DH and I call each other by our names (we only say mum or dad if we are telling the child to go andtalk to mum).
DS can only say Maaarrrmmmaaa!
I call Mum 'Mummy' sometimes, Chris sometimes (when I was a teen she was in a softball team with my older sister and all the other team members called her mum so we called her Chris to get her attention).
I call Dad 'Daddy' sometimes or 'Ian Wian' or just 'Wian' at other times. Don't know how it started it just did.
My point is your kids will figure it out and unless they choose something you are uncomfortable with then just go with it.
Posted 09 January 2013 - 10:33 PM
I haven't used Mummy and Daddy with my Mum and Dad for as long as I can remember - I was probably in about grade 1? Can't believe how many people still say it - none of my friends (I'm nearly 35) say Mummy or Daddy with their parents either - to me, it's for little children.
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DcreativeBUG 22-25 5 Answers 1 Nov 3, 2012 in Hobbies
haha not really but if Johnny Depp was gone i would still have a huge crush on him
Best Answer
My first grade teacher - i dont think he's dead but I'll likely never see him again - he was cute. I wonder if I'd think so if I saw him now. Memory can be a funny thing. I might not be seeing him the way he really was but the way my memory idolizes him
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Marquee De Sade o.O?
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Kinda weird doncha think..?
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o...kay, no i don't crush on dead folks.
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I have the option to get a hold of a sixth barrel keg (the person also called it a torpedo keg?). It looks kinda like the traditional 5 gal soda keg, and is supposed to hold 5.16 gallons. (See link)http://www.micromatic.com/images/art...1/Kegs-new.jpg
Will it be easy to fill for homebrew applications? Or should i try to get the traditional soda keg?
I would stick with the soda kegs, you can make a sanke keg work if you buy a part for it. I have heard of people removing the lock ring filling the keg and replacing it but it has to be a PITA.
damn I gotta brew something
They are easy enough. I use them all the time and it only requires a small flat head screw driver and a pair of pliers. Cleaning is as easy as an Oxy or PBW soak.
I have seen sankeys with corny connections on- if you have some welding skills, you could add in/out posts and even convert the center to a lid. That said, you can keep an eye out and get cornies fairly cheap (adventures in home brewing had them for 17, now 23).
I have a Victory Brewery one that's been sitting in my apartment forever now... The local brew store will gladly take it back though, so I can't ethically write it off...
I have 8 of 'em use 'em for all my kegging. They're certainly not difficult to use at all but I would think you would want to be consistent, no?
Consistency is better as they all have different sized/styled dip tubes on the larger level, so I assume the smaller level would be the same. I lucked into mine and have 6 of the same exact sixtels (1/6bbl).
I love mine, and you do want consistancy. The larger Sankes are all different tap assembly connections and dip tub lengths. I can't say, but could only assume, the smaller sixtels (1/6bbl) are the same way. I have 6 all the same exact type and style and am very happy. My large 1/2bbl come in very handy for my house ale or for before I split a batch to trade keg for keg. I even use my Sanke to ferment in.
This is the spunding valve that controls the keg back-pressure.
Oops, I thought the first post got erased, lol.


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En español | Consult your tax adviser for advice regarding your personal situation.
Carole Fleck is a senior editor at AARP Media.
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text:
Developing Giant Okra
Hi all, I got a email from a person that goes by Bekisar I believe his first name is Wayne. Any way I can't email him back do to his email addy, as it doesn't go through.
I have been working on developing a new OP cultivar Okra so far it is going well and I have several promissing plants that I will continue to work with. I have a mixed lot of Okra seeds for okra that comes from all over the wold and they are quite good, but I have set them aside for further studies and grow outs. I will trade or give out small amounts of the seeds if anyone want some. I don't have a alot maybe five trades of five to ten seeds. For those of you that would like to try some but don't have any thing to trade I just ask for a SASE with a couple of 41 cent stamps to cover the postage. Please no over seas SASE as I can't afford the extra postage at this time. Some of the Okra plants can get tobe over 10ft with very long pods. The seeds like I said are from a mixed lot so you could end up with several types of Okra. Any way thank you all and I hope you have a great harvest season.
P.S. you can reach me at this email
georgew 7911 at yahoo .com.
The USDA list a 16 feet tall Okra in their gerplasm database
I've grown cowhorn okra, and I had no problem germinating seeds. This variety I had a hard time germinating. First attempt all the seeds rotted just soaking in water. Second attempt I used hydrogen peroxide and I was able to get half of them to germinate. Many of the seedlings died during the first week. I planted 4 of them outside and they grew to about 1 to 2 feet and all of them died.
Hi all, I just wanted to Post that if you get seeds from me and they fail, your are more than welcome to ask for more. All I ask is that you send me a SASE and I will send you some more seeds I'm really short on seed envelopes and can use a couple for your seeds. Also I ask for two stamps on your evelope to cover seed weight and postage.
Thank you
George W. Z5-6 MO.
Hi Crazyseeds, Have you started any of the Okra seeds I sent you? I'm just soaking a few seeds just now as it hasn't been warm enough to put any in the ground yet. I'm interested in their germanation rate this time around. Drop me a line and let me know just how well they did for you.
George W. Z5-6 MO.


text:
Check out the new, mobile-friendly WineSpectator.com!
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Book Search
Class Size
Eastern and Western perspectives on its effects
Series: Asia-Europe Education Dialogue
This book captures the range of views and evidence on class size across the world; seeks to clarify these deeply held views and move toward a clearer view of what we know and do not know about class size effects; and identify future steps in terms of policy and research. Of all the issues in...
To Be Published September 30th 2015 by Routledge
Asia's High Performing Education Systems
The Case of Hong Kong
Series: Routledge Series on Schools and Schooling in Asia
Education officials, specialist leaders and teachers have all been involved in different ways to bring about school reform in Hong Kong. This book is a very current and relevant analysis of this reform, highlighting the way in which agencies have cooperated in bringing about change over the last...
Published July 24th 2014 by Routledge
Changing Schools in an Era of Globalization
Series: Routledge Research in Education
Much has been written about globalization and the challenge of preparing young people for the new world of work and life in times of complexity and continuous change. However, few works have examined how globalization has and will continue to shape education in the East. This volume discusses...
Published February 13th 2014 by Routledge
The Changing Role of Schools in Asian Societies
Schools for the Knowledge Society
Walk into a classroom in Tokyo, New York, London or Rotterdam, and the similarities in structure, activity, purpose and style will outweigh differences in language, dress and ethnic characteristics. Learning is regulated and rationed, teaching is a process or one-way transmission of knowledge,...
Published March 30th 2010 by Routledge


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text:
Apparatus for replacing buried pipe includes a body including a first cylindrical portion having a diameter small enough to fit within an existing pipe, a second cylindrical portion having a larger diameter than the first cylindrical portion and sufficient to enclose a replacement pipe, and a frustro-conical portion joining the first and second cylindrical portions. The bursting head includes protrusions extending along the first cylindrical section, the frustro-conical section, and at least partially along the second cylindrical section. The protrusions are tapered such that at the narrowest point they may fit within an existing pipe and at the widest point will extend outward beyond the second cylindrical portion of the body. A replacement pipe is attached to the head and the head is drawn through an existing pipe. The protrusions break up the existing pipe and break up the surrounding earth to facilitate the passage of the head.
1. Apparatus for replacing an existing buried pipe with a replacement pipe, comprising:
body having a first end, a second end, and a body axis, said body including a first cylindrical portion, a second cylindrical portion generally coaxial with said first cylindrical portion and having a diameter smaller than the diameter thereof, and a frustro-conical portion joining said first and second cylindrical portions;
at least three protrusions extending radially outward from said body
means for transmitting a pulling force to said apparatus;
means attached to said means for transmitting a pulling force to said apparatus for attaching the replacement pipe.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said first cylindrical portion has an outside diameter less than the inside diameter of the existing pipe, and said second cylindrical portion has an outside diameter greater than the diameter of the existing pipe and an inside diameter greater than the outside diameter of the replacement pipe.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said protrusions are positioned such that the outermost edges thereof lie generally on a circle about said body axis, said circle having its smallest diameter at said first end and said smallest diameter being less than the inside diameter of the existing pipe.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said rod is longer than said body.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said rod includes means on said first end for attaching said body to a winch for transmitting said pulling force to said rod, and a bearing plate on said second end of said rod for transmitting said pulling force to said body.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said first cylindrical portion includes a first hollow cylindrical member.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said second cylindrical portion includes a second hollow cylindrical member.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said second cylindrical member has a length about three times the outside diameter of the replacement pipe.
9. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said first cylindrical extends coaxially inside said second cylindrical member.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein each of said protrusions is formed by a radial member attached to said first cylindrical member and extending radially outward therefrom.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein said radial member extends through a slot in said second cylindrical member.
12. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said frustro-conical portion is formed from sections, each section extending between adjacent radial members, and extending from said second cylindrical member to said first cylindrical member at a point thereon such that a portion of the cylindrical member remains uncovered by said sections and forms the first cylindrical portion of said body.
13. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein said rod is longer than said body.
14. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein said pulling force transmitting means includes means on said first end of said rod for attaching said body to a winch for transmitting said pulling force to said rod, and a bearing plate on said second end of said rod for transmitting said pulling force to said body.
15. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said second cylindrical portion has a length equal to three times the diameter of the replacement pipe.
16. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said protrusions have an outermost edge including a sloping portion and a straight portion, said sloping portion inclined to said body axis and extending from said first end of said body along said first cylindrical portion and said frustro-conical portion, and said straight portion extending generally parallel to said body axis and extending partially along said second cylindrical portion.
17. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said means for transmitting a pulling force to said apparatus includes a rod having a first end and a second end, said rod slidably extending axially through said body.
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/817,905 filed Jan. 8, 1992, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,173,990.
The present invention relates in general to apparatus for replacing buried pipe. It relates in particular to an apparatus which may be drawn through an existing buried pipe to fracture and expand the pipe while simultaneously drawing a replacement pipe into the space previously occupied by the existing pipe.
Distribution systems for utilities, such as water and gas, include a network of pipelines which may be buried under paved highways, streets, or sidewalks. It is often necessary to replace one or more pipes in a distribution network, either to replace a damaged section of pipe, or to replace an existing pipe with a larger pipe having greater throughput capacity.
It is preferable to replace pipes which are buried under paved highways, streets, or sidewalks, with minimum disturbance of the surface under which they are buried. Existing pipe networks are often constructed from pipes made of a fracturable material such as a ceramic or cast iron.
For a network such as a gas distribution network modern plastic pipes may now be used. Plastic pipes are flexible and resist breakage due to earth movement which may be created by a subsidence or an earthquake.
Methods have been developed whereby an existing pipe of a fracturable material may be replaced by moving an apparatus through the pipe to fracture it into fragments, and to force the fragments outward to create a space for a replacement pipe which may have a larger diameter than the existing pipe. A length of pipe to be replaced may be accessed by a hole excavated at each end of the length of pipe. A fracturing apparatus may be introduced, via one of the holes, into an open end of the existing pipe, and moved along the path of the existing pipe while new pipe is fed down the hole down into the space created by the apparatus. The new pipe may be moved through the space by drawing it from the other hole. The pipe may be drawn by applying a pulling force, for example, using a cable attached to a winch. The new pipe may be attached to the pipe fracturing apparatus. When such a method is used, it is not generally necessary to dig a continuous trench to replace a pipe. This may reduce road repair costs and save time spent laying new pipe.
Certain types of pipe fracturing apparatus, and methods for using the same, are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,505,302, 4,720,211, 4,732,222, 4,738,565, 4,886,396, and 5,013,188. The methods disclosed rely primarily on a pushing-force to activate the pipe fracturing apparatus. The pushingforce may be continuous, for example, applied by a hydraulic ram. The pushing-force may also be intermittently or percussively applied, for example, by a pneumatically driven mechanism. A pulling force may be applied to such apparatus only to maintain the direction of advance of the fracturing apparatus through the existing pipe, and to draw the replacement pipe behind the apparatus.
In practice, certain problems may be encountered when operating hydraulic or percussive driven apparatus. Fracturing apparatus which is percussively driven may be directionally unstable. Directionally unstable apparatus may veer from the desired direction of motion down the existing pipeline. This may cause pipe fragments and debris to build up in front of the apparatus to such an extent that it may not be possible to advance it further, or to correct its direction of motion, by applying a pulling force. When this happens, it is usually necessary to dig a hole to locate the fracturing apparatus, and to restart the replacement process from this hole. This may significantly increase the time and cost of pipe replacement.
When drawing a replacement pipe, it is preferable to protect a front portion of the replacement pipe. This may be done by enclosing it with a rigid sleeve included in the fracturing apparatus. In pneumatically driven apparatus, it is difficult to provide a simple means whereby an adequate length of pipe can be quickly and easily drawn into the apparatus to protect it.
Accordingly it is an object of the present invention to provide a pipe replacement apparatus which may be driven by a pulling force only.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a pipe replacement apparatus which is directionally stable.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a pipe replacement apparatus which does not cause build up of debris in its direction of travel.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a pipe replacement apparatus which protects the replacement pipe and may be quickly and easily attached thereto.
Additional objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objects and advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the instrumentalities and combination particularly pointed out in the claims.
The present invention is directed to an apparatus for replacing an existing pipe with a replacement pipe. The apparatus includes a body having two cylindrical coaxial cylindrical portions, the second cylindrical portion having a larger diameter than the first. The body has an axis generally defined by the axes of the two cylindrical portions. The two cylindrical portions are joined by a frustro-conical portion tapering from the larger to the smaller diameter. The ends of the body are defined by the ends of the cylindrical portions not joined by the frustro-conical section.
At least three elongated protrusions extend radially outward from the body. Each protrusion has an outermost edge including a sloping portion and a straight portion. The sloping portion is inclined to the body axis and extends along the smaller cylindrical portion and the frustro-conical portion. The straight portion is generally parallel to the body axis and extends at least partially along the second cylindrical portion;
a rod extends axially through the body. The rod may be slidably moved along the body axis. At one end of the rod are means for attaching the replacement pipe, and a bearing plate which limits axial motion of the rod by contacting the body . At the other end of the rod are means for connecting the rod to a pulling force. The pulling force may be supplied by a winch connected to the rod by a cable. The rod is sufficiently long that the pipe attachment means may be located outside of the body to facilitate attachment of the replacement pipe. Pulling on the rod draws the replacement pipe into the body and transmits the pulling force, via the bearing plate, to the body.
The apparatus may be constructed from rugged components permanently welded together. No moving parts or removably attached parts are in forceful contact with the existing pipe or earth surrounding it.
The apparatus requires only a pulling force to accomplish existing pipe fracturing and replacement pipe drawing functions.
The extended protrusions in general, and the portion thereof protruding from the larger cylindrical body portion in particular, impart a high degree of directional stability to the apparatus.
The apparatus will withstand a pulling force as high as ten thousand pounds (10,000 lbs).
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, schematically illustrate a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and together with the general description given above and the detailed description of the preferred embodiment given below serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a side elevation view of apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a front view of the apparatus of FIG. 1 showing the arrangement of three outwardly extending protrusions.
FIG. 2a schematically illustrates a front view of the apparatus of FIG. 2 showing an alternate form of three outwardly extending protrusions.
FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a cross section view of the apparatus of FIG. 1 taken in the direction 3--3 of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates slots in a cylindrical portion of the body of the apparatus of FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a front view of apparatus according to the present invention having four outwardly extending protrusions.
FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a method of using the apparatus of FIG. 1.
FIG. 7 schematically illustrates one form of a hole which may be produced by the apparatus of FIG. 1, used as shown in FIG. 6.
FIG. 8 schematically illustrates a cross section of a replacement pipe including a welded on cap for attaching the pipe to a pulling cable.
Referring now to the drawings, wherein like components are designated by like reference numerals, FIGS. 1 and 2 show the general form of the present invention. Details of the construction of the apparatus and its function may be understood by reference to FIGS. 3, 6, and 7.
The apparatus, designated by the general numeral 20 comprises a body 22. Body 22 includes a first cylindrical portion 24 and a second cylindrical portion 26 having a larger diameter than first cylindrical portion 24. Cylindrical portions 24 and 26 are joined by a frustro-conical portion 28. Body portions 24, 26 and 28 are generally coaxial about a body axis 30. Body 22 is open at a first (front) end 32 and second (rear) end 34.
Generally, first cylindrical portion 24 has an outside diameter less than the inside diameter of an existing pipe 35 (See FIG. 3) being replaced. For example, cylindrical portion 24 has an outside diameter about one-half of the inside diameter of pipe 35. Cylindrical portion 26 generally must have an outside diameter greater than the outside diameter of pipe 35, for example it may have a diameter about two inches (2") greater than the outside diameter of pipe 35. Cylindrical portion 26 must also have an inside diameter greater than the outside diameter of replacement pipe 37, however, the smaller the difference between the outside diameter of pipe 35 and the inside diameter of cylindrical portion 26 the smaller is the probability that debris may enter cylindrical portion 26 as it is being drawn A difference in diameter of about one-half inch has been found adequate
Three elongated protrusions 36 are generally equally spaced around body 22 and extend generally radially outward therefrom. Protrusions 36 have an outermost edge 38 which may be flat as shown in FIG. 2, or pointed as shown in FIG. 3. Outermost edge 38 includes a tapered portion 40, inclined to body axis 30, and a straight portion 4 extending generally parallel to body axis 30. Outermost edges 38, at any point along axis body axis 30, may generally be described as lying on an a circle indicated whimsically by broken line 44 (See FIG. 2). Circle 44 has its smallest diameter at about front end 32 of body 22. This smallest diameter must be smaller than the inside diameter of pipe 35 to allow edges protrusions 36 to penetrate therein. Generally, circle 44 may have a smallest diameter between about one-half and three-quarters of the inside diameter of pipe 35. Sloping portion 40 of edge 38 may extend from about first end 32 along first cylindrical portion 24 and frustro-conical portion 28 to a point 46 on edge 38. Point 48 may be generally aligned with junction 48 between cylindrical portion 26 and frustro-conical portion 28. Straight portion 42 of edge 38 extends partially along cylindrical portion 26 ending at point 50. Circle 44 has its maximum diameter between point 46 and point 50. As will be explained, below the location of point 50 is determined primarily by the construction details of body 22. Straight portion 42 may extend completely along cylindrical body portion 26. The maximum diameter of circle 44 must be greater than the diameter of cylindrical portion 26 so that protrusions 36 may extend radially outward therefrom.
Body 22 is preferably constructed such that it does not have moving or removably attached parts which may come into forceful contact with existing pipe 35 or surrounding earth 50 in which it is buried. Cylindrical portion 24 includes a first hollow cylindrical member or pipe 29. Pipe 29 may be made from seamless stainless steel tube having a wall thickness of about three eighths of one inch. Cylindrical portion 26 includes a second cylindrical member or tube 27. Tube 27 may be also be made from seamless stainless steel tube having a wall thickness of about three eighths of one inch. Pipe 29 extends partially into tube 27. Preferably pipe 29 has a length about equal to tube 27. About one-third the length of pipe 29 may extend within tube 27.
Protrusions 36 may be formed from formed flat plates 52 having a thickness of about threeeighths of one inch. Plates 52 are attached along edge 54 of plates 52, preferably by welding, to pipe 29. Plates 52 extend through slots 56 in cylinder 27 as illustrated by FIGS. 3 and 4. Plates 52 are attached to cylinder 27, preferably by welding, at least along edges 60 of slots 56. Frustro-conical portion 28 may be formed by three curved plates or frustro-conical sections 62. Each of the sections 62 extends between two adjacent plates 52. The sections 62 include two generally straight edges 64 which are be welded to plates 52. Sections 62 are also welded to tube 27 at junction 48 and to pipe 29 at a point 70 thereon such that a portion of the pipe 29 remains uncovered by sections 62 and thus forms cylindrical portion 24 of body 22. Preferably point 70 is chosen such that about one-third the length of pipe 29 remains uncovered.
Apparatus 20 includes a rod 80 which extends axially through cylindrical body portion 24, i.e., through pipe 29, into cylindrical body portion 26. Rod 80 includes one end 82 thereof a clevis 84 for attaching a cable (not shown in FIGS. 1 and 3). The cable may in turn be attached to a device, such as a winch (see FIG. 6), providing means for connecting rod 80 to a pulling force. The dimensions of clevis 84 are preferably such that it may not pass through pipe 29. A clamp 90 located at another end 86 of rod 80. Clamp 90 provides means for attaching a replacement pipe 37 thereto. Alternately a cap 91 including a clevis 93 for attaching a cable may be welded onto replacement pipe 37 as shown in FIG. 8. A bearing plate 100 is also attached to end 86 of rod 80. The dimensions of bearing plate 100 are such that it may not pass through pipe 29. The maximum possible extent to which rod 80 may be withdrawn from body 22 at front end 32 is thus reached when bearing plate 100 contacts pipe 29 or one or more of plates 52. When this occurs, pulling force applied to rod 80 will be transferred via bearing plate 100 to body 22.
Rod 80 preferably is sufficiently long that clamp 90 extends beyond rear end 34 of body 22 when clevis 84 is in contact with front end 32. Clamp 32 may thus be easily attached to replacement pipe 37. When replacement pipe 37 is attached to clamp 90 it may be drawn inside tube 27 by rod 80. As such, a front length 39 of replacement pipe 37 may be protected by cylindrical portion 26 of body 22, for example, cylindrical portion 26 may be sufficiently long that length 39 is about three times the diameter of pipe 37.
The present invention has been described in terms of apparatus having three outwardly extending protrusions. Three is believed to be least and the preferable number of such protrusions required for proper functioning of the apparatus. The apparatus, however, may function effectively if four or more protrusions are used. An example of apparatus having four protrusions is shown in FIG. 5.
As already noted apparatus 20 may be drawn by a winch. The winch may be connected to the apparatus by a cable. For example, six-inch diameter clay pipe may be replaced with eight-inch diameter polyethylene using a winch which is capable of exerting a pulling force of 100,000 lbs. The winch may be a Braden winch available from Braden Company of Tulsa, Oklahoma. The winch may be connected to apparatus 20 by one and one-eighth-inch diameter steel cable. Referring now to FIGS. 3 and 6, apparatus 20, having replacement pipe 37 attached thereto, is inserted into an open end 33 of existing pipe 35. Winch 106, for supplying a pulling force, is connected to apparatus 20 by cable 108. The pulling force is used to draw protrusions 36 of into forceful contact with existing pipe 35. Pipe 35 may thus be fractured into fragments 110 by the applied pulling force. Pipe fragments 110 and portions of surrounding earth 50 may be forced outward by protrusions 36 or may be trapped therebetween. As apparatus 20 is advanced in the direction shown by arrow A by the pulling force, fragments 110 and portions of earth 50 trapped between protrusions 36 are forced outward by frustro-conical sections 62. Protrusions 36 also loosen or channel earth in a circle having a greater diameter than cylindrical body portion 26, i.e., in a circle having a diameter about the maximum diameter of circle 44. Forward motion of apparatus 20 tends to create a hole 112 (See FIG. 7) having channels 114 in the side thereof. Portions of earth 116 between channels 114 may be broken up by outwardly expanded pipe fragments. The resulting combination of pipe fragments and earth may then be compressed by passage of cylindrical body section 26. The extent to which protrusions 36 extend radially beyond body 22 is preferably selected such that earth surrounding existing pipe 35 is loosened or channeled in a diameter large enough to facilitate passage of apparatus 20, but not so large that pipe fragments and earth can not be compressed and smoothed by subsequent passage of cylindrical portion 26 to facilitate drawing of replacement pipe 37. For example, when drawing eight-inch pipe, straight portions 42 of protrusions 36 may extend between about one and two inches beyond cylindrical portion 26.
As explained above, extension of protrusions 36 beyond cylindrical portion 26 is believed to be important in breaking up earth to facilitate passage of apparatus 20 along the path of pipe being replaced. As such, the apparatus may be used without the need to apply a continuous or percussive force thereto as required in prior art apparatus. Further, it is believed that elongated extended protrusions 36 in general, and portions 42 extending from cylindrical portion 26 in particular, provide means for imparting directional stability to the apparatus, i.e., maintaining its direction of progress along the axis of a pipe being replaced. As discussed above, maintaining the direction of progress of pipe fracturing apparatus 20 is believed to be important in preventing the accumulation of debris in front of the apparatus and preventing forward progress thereof.
Apparatus according to the present invention has been used to replace eight thousand feet (8000 ft.) of six-inch clay pipe with eight-inch polyethylene pipe. During the entire operation it was only necessary on four occasions to excavate to free trapped apparatus when no further forward progress thereof was possible.
The present invention has been described as a number of embodiments. The invention, however, is not restricted to the embodiments described and depicted. Rather, the invention is defined by the appended claims.
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Community Status Updates
Kobold King
According to the Babylonians, humanity learned the ways of civilization from a guy in a giant fish costume. Oannes was a lot cooler when I thought he might have been an alien. :|Yesterday, 04:30 PM
TwiLyghtSansSparklesStranger things have happened. I think.
Yesterday, 05:13 PM
Kobold KingI'm still trying to wrap my mind around the idea of changing my entire way of life because a guy dressed like an anthropormophic fish told me to. :P
Yesterday, 08:50 PM
TwiLyghtSansSparklesWho knows? Dressing like anthropomorphic fish might make motivational speakers more effective. :P
Yesterday, 09:40 PM
Strangest thing just happened: I essentially got scolded by my mother for believing her. Not sure if I should be angry or confused.Yesterday, 08:57 AM
TwiLyghtSansSparklesMy mom has scolded me for repeating exactly what she just said in my own words to show I understood her. My theory: Moms sometimes want an excuse to scold and they'll do it no matter the pretext.
Yesterday, 09:55 AM
The Only Joe
A Person appears before you and says they're you from the Future. How do you respond?Mar 28 2015 10:15 PM
TwiLyghtSansSparkles"Prove it. Tell me about the thing I've only told a handful of people, and tell me why I told the people I did."
Yesterday, 04:26 PM
The Only JoeI have a password that I can use to prove it.
Yesterday, 04:27 PM
Kobold King"How can I know you're me from the future?"
"Think about it. Why'd I go back in time and tell a completely unrelated guy I'm him from the future?"
"...Good point. Alright me, you can go back to explaining how to thwart the Robot Facebook Apocalypse."
Yesterday, 04:33 PM
The Only Joe
A man appears before you and says he's you from the Future. How do you respond?Mar 28 2015 10:14 PM
Mailliw73Ask him when time travel was invented. And why he's visiting me now.
Mar 28 2015 10:21 PM
Mr. Gold, you're being a moron. Stop it. Fix the best ship ever. NOW.Mar 28 2015 07:59 PM
TwiLyghtSansSparklesI'm thinking we need to. This man does not respect the sacred rules of Cutest Ship--one of those rules being that you don't put POWER above the Cutest Ship!
Mar 28 2015 08:17 PM
Kobold KingTo paraphrase the adorable and softspoken Fluttershy... "YOU'RE GOING TO LOVE HER!"
Mar 28 2015 09:30 PM
TwiLyghtSansSparklesI'll team up with her. The combined powers of Fluttershy and the Shipmistress cannot be equaled by the black arts.
Mar 28 2015 10:40 PM
Winter Cloud
7777777Mar 28 2015 02:40 PM
TwiLyghtSansSparklesZero has no point. Zero needs no point. Zero IS the point. :P
Mar 28 2015 04:15 PM
Winter CloudYou replied to this seventh. So you ARE Seven. 0+7=7.
Yesterday, 08:05 AM
TwiLyghtSansSparklesNo, I claimed the seventh comment for Zero.
Yesterday, 06:40 PM
Got Twi to read I am not a serial killer. Already excited to see how much she's going to squirm.Mar 28 2015 12:51 PM
TwiLyghtSansSparklesI like to think Nighthound's POV scenes have prepared me for at least some of it. :P (And I also watch "Vikings" on the History Channel, which is kind of like the historical Game of Thrones.)
Mar 28 2015 02:21 PM
EdgedancerIt starts with a very detailed description of how embalming works.:)
Mar 28 2015 03:19 PM
TwiLyghtSansSparklesFun times!
Mar 28 2015 03:42 PM
Prince Robot Unicorn will forever be the greatest hero in all of history!Mar 28 2015 06:56 AM
The song "Superheroes" by The Script is Rand al'Thor's perfect theme song.Mar 27 2015 05:51 PM
Finished Firefight last night. It was very enjoyable, though I felt a little let down with the ending. It climaxed, but unlike most Sandernovels it never gave me closure. It climaxed with no resolution, which is fine when you consider there's a third book coming, but it is still a feeling I don't want to be having upon finishing a novel.Mar 27 2015 08:34 AM
ChullRider → Connor the Shardholder
Happy Birthday, Connor the Shardholder! Have some birthday upvotes!Mar 26 2015 10:12 AM
Would you like to learn about different types of martial arts? Join the current Question thread now!Mar 25 2015 03:42 PM
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No. 1 ranked Minot Ryan downs Trinity
MINOT -- The Minot Ryan football team proved -- yet, again -- why it's the No. 1-ranked team in Class 2A.
The Lions' used a tandem of Austin Eggl and Brody Bosch to score six touchdowns.
Minot Ryan used its duo to take a 59-13 win during a Class 2A, West Region game against Dickinson Trinity on Saturday.
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Upcoming News & Events
Click on the headlines for more info.
A Dragonfly Night Out--April 4 & April 18
You deserve a night out! Join us at our Dragonfly Night Out events, designed purely for fun, entertainment and enjoying wine with friends and loved ones. A different theme each month.
Upcoming themes: Comedy Night at the Winery (SOLD OUT), Paint & Sip (SOLD OUT.)
The Bazaar—April 25
We've all attended them, and we've all hosted them; house parties where a sales representative from a product line shares their merchandise while friends sip wine and mingle. On April 25, join us at Dancing Dragonfly where we will host vendors representing brands you love. Watch demonstrations, win prizes and enjoy Dancing Dragonfly food and wine for purchase.
pizza and panini
We offer fantastic hand-crafted pizza every Friday, Saturday and Sunday. We also have high quality Panini sandwiches available, made with Boar's Head meats and cheeses. Look under the "Food" header for food options. All food options can be easily ordered in the tasting room.
Open Every Day!
Winter Hours
December 1 - March 31
Monday - Thursday: 10 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Friday: 10 a.m. - 7 p.m.
Saturday: 10 a.m. - 8 p.m.
Sunday: Noon - 6 p.m.
Summer Hours
April 1 - November 30
Monday - Thursday: 10 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Friday - Saturday: 10 a.m. - 9 p.m.
Sunday: Noon - 6 p.m.
We are closed on Thanksgiving Day,
Christmas Day, and Easter.
TOURS: Take our walking tour during business hours and see how a modern winery works. Tours are available on Saturdays at 2:00 p.m. Tours also available by appointment for groups of ten or more. Sorry, there are no tours during our festivals.
TASTINGS: Available anytime. Tour/Tasting pricing is available here.
TASTING NOTES: Instead of the regular $10.00 tasting including a glass, guests are welcome to bring in their DDW glass and buy five wine tasting chips for $5.00.


text:
Green light and Hammer Down for Murrays Bricks and Pavers Mack Through Trafalgar in 2011
cupcakes2, and bemymack added this photo to their favorites.
nice capture and colors.:-)
Thanks Karen=Yeah I thought of you and Don when I took this one rembering when you guys were in the Mack it bought a smile to my face thanks Karen
It looks good, Craig, I notice that you always have a nice blue sky in lots of your pictures. Is that a Chevrolet behind the trailer? I just happen to own a Chev, Silverado so it caught my eye.
i see Murrays have moved from the yard near the trainline at drouin any idea where they went? i really like there trucks and there white westernstar looks great with the little stripe down it
Thanks Lanny=hahaha Yeah we get some very nice Blue Sky down here not quiet as often as up in the top end of Australia but we do alright and I think its the equivilent of yours it look like a Holden Rodeo I think mate we will see if we get any helpers on that one=Thanks Craig Yeah right I didnt know they had shifted out of there but they do have a bigger depot at Morwell I do belive as you head down towards the Mill on that road somewhere so they may have Moved everything to there perhaps thanks Craig=Lanny


text:
TSP solution really needed?
Do you have to use a TSP solution on your walls before priming? Can you just wipe them down? I have to paint the whole interior of the house. Is it needed in the kitchen because of any residue? Just moving in so don't know anything about what has been done.
Use POWDERED Dirtex instead.
Normally doesn't need rinsing!!
TSP requires 2 or 3 rinses.
REQUIRED wash-areas: Kitchens, Baths, Entry/laundry areas.
Because you don't know what's on the walls is all the more reason to wash everything...IDEALLY.
It doesn't take much extra time, and only prevents problems down the road.
It's SUCH an important step!!
I have painted many many rooms in my various houses over the years. I'm lazy ergo I have NEVER washed the walls before I painted and I have NEVER primed walls before I painted either. This includes kitchens. Now recently in our new old (1780!) house I did use a stain blocker spray on some spots that were on the ceiling and then I painted the ceiling. No stains showed through.
That being said, I have never had a problem with any of the walls I have painted. My 2 cents worth, take it for what it is :)
Rafor's somewhat on the luckier side.
With open floor-plan rooms/kitchen areas, cooking oils/etc. are carried some distances on the steam/humidity from cooking.
Deposits from candles drift too.
Soap vapors can drift/accumulate too. Cooking sprays are another source of wall contamination.
In baths, soaps & sprays get carried onto walls and built up...then people wonder why even their primer won't stick!!
>>> Washing (with a DETERGENT) and priming solve many problems, AND CREATE NONE.
>>> Water by itself is pretty much useless AS A CLEANER.


text: Web exclusive! The perfect place to store your little guys special mementos. Original: $49.00 Sale: $24.50 The Lillian Rose® Dinosaur Pewter Tooth & Curl Box is the perfect gift for the new guy in town. This charming pair of pewter boxes featuring a dinosaur on each top. One box is engraved with the words "My first tooth" and the other with "My first curl." The lids can be lifted off and both dinosaur boxes are lined with blue velvet. 1.5"H x 2"W each Imported More


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Fri August 10, 2012
Best Coast On World Cafe
By editor
Originally published on Mon September 24, 2012 5:29 pm
Best Coast is known for simple, beachy pop songs, but the L.A. duo's new album The Only Place steps up the production quality significantly. Singer Bethany Cosentino and multi-instrumentalist Bobb Bruno are driven by shared appreciation: Crazy For You and the new record both showcase the pair's infectious love of California.
The band's profile rose significantly between those two albums, as Cosentino designed her own line for Urban Outfitters and collaborated with Iggy Pop in a song called "Let's Boot and Rally" for the HBO show True Blood. Here, Best Coast joins World Cafe host David Dye to talk about success and play four songs from The Only Place.
Copyright 2013 WXPN-FM. To see more, visit http://www.xpn.org/.


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How to dye the perfect Easter egg—no kit required!
4 ways to keep it cool around your crush
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GL is hitting up the Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards
Is your romance destined to be star-crossed or is it sizzling? Get your horoscope here...
How to make a pretty (and inspiring) mason jar terrarium
4 steps to perfectly thick 'n' long lashes
The healthiest way to make blueberry muffins—right wow
Share your thoughts on our April/May 2015 music issue! What did YOU love?
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Originally written on Cardinals Farm | Last updated 11/15/14
While the St. Louis Cardinals are in Boston ready to compete in their 19th World Series, a Baby Bird is excelling at the plate in the prestigious Arizona Fall League. On Tuesday it was announced that Cardinals' farm hand Stephen Piscotty was the Player of the Week in the Arizona Fall League for the week of October 14th through October 20th. Piscotty, who began the AFL 1-for-11 in his first three games of Week 1, was a combined 11-for-18 in Week 2. That .611 average was best in the six team league. Along with the average, Piscotty also drove in three runs, scored four runs, and stole three bases. Piscotty is the Cardinals' priority player, which means he plays at least every two out of three games. He has started most of his games in right field, but has been the designated hitter in a couple of games. He is third in the league with 5 stolen bases and tied for 11th in the league with a .364 batting average. The Cardinals' first round pick (36th overall) in the 2012 draft out of Stanford has shot through the system, making it all the way to Double-A in 2013. Next season should be a big one for the slugger as he looks to possibly make his major league debut late in the season depending on injuries. The scouting report on Piscotty says that he will hit for a good average (.300 or above), has above average speed, and is still learning the outfield but has a cannon of an arm. I think the Cards would like to see an average of 15-20 home runs a season from him, which is something he needs to work on. Cards fans have seen what a good farm system will do for the big club as many of the stars of today were Baby Birds of yesterday. Piscotty has a very bright future ahead of him. Follow me on Twitter @CardinalsFarm or on Facebook. If you have any questions, you can e-mail me at email@example.com Related articles Arizona Fall League Recap: James Ramsey goes deep (cardinalsfarm.com) Arizona Fall League Recap: Piscotty's hitting streak continues (cardinalsfarm.com) A look at how the Baby Birds are doing in Arizona (cardinalsfarm.com)
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OP Senior Member
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Join Date:Joined: Nov 2012
Last edited by rizzodg; 10th June 2014 at 11:44 PM.
I've tried holding down the up and down volume keys both separately and together and nothing. I can still access fastboot, but other than that, it's stuck on the "Sony" screen. I tried installing the recovery again (and tried two different recoveries) and it goes through just fine but when I reboot it STILL wont go into the recovery. What can I do?
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