text:
Systems and methods are provided for managing sales tax information. The information may be generated, for example, in connection with transactions involving financial accounts, such as a credit card account. The sales tax information may be received electronically from, for example, a merchant or a point of sale device. A determination may be made whether there is any missing sales tax information. If there is missing information a request may be generated and sent to a source having the information. The source may receive the request, retrieve the desired information, and transmit it to the requesting entity. The sales tax information may be stored and later retrieved for presentation to a user, such as the account holder. The account holder may use the information in completing a tax return.
1. A method for managing sales tax information associated with purchases made using a financial account, the method comprising:
receiving transaction information associated with a transaction made with a merchant using the financial account, the transaction information received electronically from the merchant at the time of the transaction and used to process the transaction, the transaction information comprising sales tax information for the transaction;
processing the transaction using at least a portion of the transaction information;
storing the sales tax information using a data management system;
providing the sales tax information to a user in response to a request for the sales tax information; and
using one or more computer processors, automatically providing the sales tax information to a tax return preparation application, the tax return preparation application using the sales tax information to prepare an electronic tax return.
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electronically requesting additional sales tax information from the merchant when the received transaction information does not comprise all of the plurality of desired pieces of sales tax information.
14. The method of
generating an electronic request for missing sales tax information;
providing the electronic request to the merchant; and
receiving additional sales tax information from the merchant.
15. The method of
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This invention relates in general to monetary card transactions and, more particularly, to systems and methods for capturing information from such transactions to assist in tracking and reporting data for purposes of claiming sales tax deductions.
In certain circumstances, taxing jurisdictions may allow for a deduction of sales tax paid during the taxing period. For example, the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 gives taxpayers the option to claim state and local sales taxes instead of state and local income taxes when they itemize deductions. Currently, this option is available for the 2004 and 2005 returns only, but may be extended. Additionally, similar laws may exist or be enacted in other jurisdictions. In connection with current federal law, tables are available to enable taxpayers to determine their sales tax deduction amount in lieu of saving their receipts throughout the year. Taxpayers use their income level and number of exemptions to find the sales tax amount for their state. The table instructions explain how to add an amount for local sales taxes if appropriate. Taxpayers also may add to the table amount any sales taxes paid in connection with certain purchases such as a motor vehicle, aircraft, boat, or home.
Taxpayers often use a monetary card to make purchases which include sales tax. An example of such a monetary card is a credit card. Credit cards are cards associated with a credit account. A credit card issuer, such as a bank or other financial institution, generally provides credit accounts to customers, or cardholders, allowing the customers to make purchases on credit rather than using cash. A customer incurs debt with each credit card purchase which may be repaid over time according to the terms and conditions of the particular customer's credit account. Credit card accounts provide a customer one or more lines of credit, typically including at least one revolving credit line in which the customer may choose to pay the full amount of debt owed on an account by a specified date or alternatively defer payment of all or a portion of the debt to a later date. The credit card issuer typically charges the customer interest or finance charges for such deferred payments during the period of deferral.
The credit card issuer typically establishes a credit limit for each credit account defining the maximum amount of credit available to the customer for making purchases at any given time. When a customer makes a credit card purchase, the amount of credit available to the customer, often called the available balance, is reduced by the amount of the purchase, and the amount of debt currently owed by the customer, often called the outstanding balance, is increased by the amount of the purchase.
It is common for consumers to make purchases using a card, which is linked to a financial account. The card may be any of a variety of types including debit, credit, or stored-value cards. The accounts may similarly be of a variety of types including checking, savings, or credit accounts. The card may be scanned, swiped, or otherwise processed at the location at which the purchase transaction is being conducted. This location is sometimes referred to as the Point of Sale (�POS�). A POS device, such as an electronic card reader, may be used to scan the card, thus reading electronic information stored on a magnetic strip or on a chip on, or inside, the card. The electronic card reader may be coupled, via a telecommunications system to one or more computers located at the purchase site and/or at remote sites, such as banks and card issuers. The electronic information is used by the various computers to process the transaction and electronically transfer funds from one account to another, such as from the consumer's credit account to the merchant's bank account, in order to complete the transaction.
In accordance with the present invention, systems and methods for providing and managing transactions made using a monetary card and capturing certain transaction information. The information is associated with the sales tax incurred by purchasing items using the card. The information may be stored and later retrieved to assist a consumer in preparing a tax return in which sales tax may be claimed as a deduction.
According to one embodiment, a system is provided for managing sales tax information associated with purchases made using a financial account. The system includes at least one processor, at least one database electronically coupled to the processor, and a sales tax information management module operable to receive sales tax information corresponding to at least one transaction made using the financial account. The sales tax information management module is further operable to process the information and provide the information to an entity requesting the sales tax information.
According to another example embodiment, a method is provided for managing sales tax information associated with purchases made using a financial account. One step is receiving transaction information associated with a transaction made using the financial account. The transaction information includes sales tax information. Another step is storing the sales tax information. Another step is providing the sales tax information to a user in response to a request for the sales tax information.
Various embodiments of the present invention may benefit from numerous advantages. It should be noted that one or more embodiments may benefit from some, none, or all of the advantages discussed below.
One advantage of the invention is that taxpayers can automatically track their sales tax expenditures without having to, for example, manually collect receipts. This enables taxpayers to easily determine whether, in a taxation scenario that allows for a sales tax deduction to be calculated in multiple ways, a deduction based on the actual sales tax paid in a given period will be preferable to some other method of calculating the deduction.
Another advantage is that sales tax information may be automatically collected without the need for involvement of the consumer. Sales tax information may be sent electronically from a point of sale device to a data storage device for later retrieval.
Another advantage is a reduction in errors in the calculation of a sales tax deduction. Because sales tax information is automatically collected by, for example, a computer system, errors are reduced in comparison to, for example, a manual system.
Another advantage is the potentially persistent storage of sales tax information. Electronic storage of the sales tax information on a data storage device facilitates retrieval of the information beyond the period when the information might first be needed. For instance, the information might be retrieved a first time shortly before a tax reporting time. However, the information is still electronically stored should it become necessary for future reporting times or, for example, an audit.
Another advantage is the automatic retrieval of sales tax information from a data storage device and the automatic use of the information in the preparation of an electronic tax return.
Other advantages will be readily apparent to one having ordinary skill in the art from the following figures, descriptions, and claims.
For a more complete understanding of the present invention and for further features and advantages, reference is now made to the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
Certain embodiments of the present invention are generally directed to the tracking, storage, and management of sales tax information generated as the result of transactions involving a monetary card. The monetary card may be, for example, a credit card. The transactions may be, for example, instances in which a consumer uses the card to make purchases. The purchases may be made at a store and the card may be used by interfacing with a point of sale device. Information about the card holder's account may be stored, for example, on a magnetic stripe on the card. The card may be swiped through, inserted into, or scanned by, a card reader on the point of sale device. Information from the card may be used to access the card holder's account. Sales tax information resulting from the transaction may be automatically generated by the point of sale device, or by a sales device associated with the point of sale device. The sales tax information may be electronically communicated to a sales tax information management system and stored in a database as, for example, a record. The record may be stored in connection with the particular card holder's account. For example, the transaction record may include a card holder identification code. When the card holder needs the sales tax information for a given period, software operating within the sales tax information management system may be executed and operable to retrieve the sales tax information for the requester from the database. The software may be further operable to format the information in any of a plurality of possible formats. The software may be further operable to cooperate with a tax return preparation application and automatically provide the information to the application for use in determining a sales tax deduction in a tax return.
Example embodiments of the present invention and their advantages are best understood by referring now to
A card 14 may be any card having one or more memory devices 30 provided on the card 14 that can store various data, such as a monetary value 20, a customer identification code 22, a card identification code 24 an expiration date 26, and/or an account number 28 as discussed below. As used herein, the phrase �provided on card 14� with reference to memory devices 30 or other devices (e.g., a processor) describes any physical coupling of such devices to a card 14, such as the device being provided on a surface of the card 14, located at least partially within the card 14, or otherwise physically coupled to the card 14. For example, a card 14 may be any suitable monetary card such as a credit card, a stored-value card, a smart card, a gift certificate card, a store card, a payroll card, a government benefits card, a telephone calling card, or a mall card that includes memory for storing various data related to the card 14, the issuer 12, and/or the customer.
The customer identification code 22 stored on a card 14 may provide security to prevent the card 14 from being used by unauthorized persons. For example, in some embodiments, in order to make purchases using the card 14, a customer (e.g. the card holder) must provide a code matching the customer identification code 22 stored on the card, such as by verbally communicating the code to a cashier or other personnel associated with the relevant merchant 13 or by entering the code into a customer interface, such as a card interface device 40, for example. In some embodiments, the customer identification code 22 is similar to a PIN or other security code, and may be selected by the purchaser or owner of the card 14, or by the merchant 13. Each customer identification code 22 may include any number, combination and/or configuration of numbers, letters, symbols, characters, or any other data that may allow that customer identification code 22 to be identified and/or distinguished from other customer identification codes 22. The customer identification code 22 may be stored in a memory device 30 provided on the card 14, which may or may not be the same memory device 30 that stores the monetary value 20, card identification code 24 and/or expiration data 26 of the card 14.
The card identification code 24 stored on a card 14 may be used to identify the card 14 from other cards 14. In some embodiments, each card 14 has a unique identification code 24. Card identification code 24 may be stored in a memory device 30 on card 14, which may or may not be the same memory device or devices 30 that store the monetary value 20, customer identification code 22 and/or expiration date 26 on the card 14.
The expiration date 26 stored on a card 14 may indicate a date and/or time that the card 14 may expire, may also be stored in a memory device 30 on card 14, which may or may not be the same memory device or devices 30 that store the monetary value 20, customer identification code 22 and/or card identification code 24 on the card 14.
The account number 28 may identify the account associated with the card and/or the card holder. The account may be any type of financial account which may be associated with the monetary card 14. For example, when card 14 is a credit card, the associated account may be a credit card account. The account number enables system 10 to determine which account information it needs to access to conduct transactions involving the particular card holder using card 14 to make purchases. The account number also enables system 10, or a user of system 10, to access information concerning the account. Such information may include any information associated with a financial account. This may include, without limitation, name, address, telephone number, social security number, credit limit information, available credit information, available funds information, billing history, payment history, identification codes, interest paid, and the like.
The monetary value 20, customer identification code 22, card identification code 24, expiration date 26, and/or account number 28 may be stored in the same memory device 30, in separate memory devices 30 of the same type, or in separate memory devices 30 of different types. Memory device or devices 30 on a card may include any device or devices suitable to store data, such as one or more magnetic stripes, transistors, RFID devices, and/or memory chips, such as random access memories (RAMs), read-only memories (ROMs), dynamic random access memories (DRAMs), fast cycle RAMs (FCRAMs), static RAM (SRAMs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROMs), electrically erasable programmable read-only memories (EEPROMs), or flash memory, for example. Other electronic devices may also be stored on cards 14, such as a processor operable to process various data stored in memory device(s) 30, for example.
To make a purchase using the card 14, the cardholder presents the card 14 to a card interface device 40 provided by merchant 13. The presentation may be accomplished by swiping the card, inserting the card, scanning the card, or keying in information on, or associated with the card.
Card interface 40 may include any device or devices for reading information from and/or writing information to cards 14. For example, card interface 40 may be a credit card authorization interface, a smart card reader, a debit card reader, or a stored value card reader, for example. Card interface device 40 may be operable to read data from and/or write data to one or more types of memory devices 30 provided on cards 14. Card interface device 40 may interface with such memory devices 30 provided on cards 14 via physical contact or otherwise, such as via radio or electromagnetic waves, for example.
Card interface device 40 may read the current monetary value 20, customer identification code 22, card identification code 24, expiration data 26, and/or account number from memory device(s) 30 on card 14. The card holder may then provide (or attempt to provide) a code matching the customer identification code 22, such as by speaking the code to the cashier or other personnel associated with the merchant 13 or by manually (e.g. by typing or keying) or otherwise entering the code into a customer interface, such as a card interface device 40, for example. The merchant 13 may then compare the customer identification code 22 read from the card 14 with the code provided by the cardholder. This comparison may be performed or at least facilitated by any suitable computerized system, such as card interface device 40 or any other computer system associated with or available to merchant 13. Alternatively, the cashier or other personnel associated with the merchant 13 may manually compare the customer identification code 22 read from the card 14 with the code provided by the cardholder. If the customer has provided the correct code, and if the current monetary value 20 read from the card 14 is sufficient for the purchase, merchant 13 may execute the purchase by reducing the current monetary value 20 stored in the memory of card 14 by the amount of the purchase.
Card interface device 40 may be part of, or otherwise electronically coupled, to a sales device 15. Sales device 15 may be any point of sale device such as an electronic cash register or a computer. While sales device 15 and card reader 40 are shown as separate device, they may be combined into a single device.
Preferably, card reader 40 and/or sales device 15 are electronically connected to a communications network 41, which is in turn connected to issuer 12. Issuer 12 may be, for example, a financial institution or any other entity which manages accounts associated with card 14. Issuer 12 may be a bank or a credit card issuer, for example.
Merchant 13 may include any entity suitable for accepting payment from cards 14 in exchange for various products or services. A merchant 13 may include a single entity (such as, for example, an individual store) or a number of entities (such as, for example, a chain of stores). A merchant 13 may include a seller or distributor that sells items produced by one or more otherwise unaffiliated producers. In addition or as an alternative, a merchant 13 may include a producer that sells one or more items it produces directly to customers using cards 14, bypassing distributors. Merchant 13 may include one or more outlets at one or more physical locations and may, in addition or as an alternative, include one or more call centers where phone orders are received from customers using cards 14, one or more websites or other virtual locations where electronic orders are received from customers using cards 14, and/or one or more warehouses (which may be owned by merchant 13 or owned by one or more entities separate from merchant 13 for which merchant 13 sells items to cardholders) where orders received from customers using cards 14 are filled. Although merchants 13 are described as selling items to customers using cards 14, the present invention, as described above, contemplates any suitable transactions between merchants 13 and customers using cards 14. As an example, a merchant 13 may rent one or more items to customers using cards 14. As another example, a merchant 13 may include an entity which provides services in exchange for payment from a customer using a card 14, such as a barber or auto mechanic, for example.
Issuer 12 may include a data management system 56 that provides various functionalities with respect to cards 14 and their associated accounts. Issuer 12 may further include a plurality of function modules 52 and one or more operator terminals 58. The components of issuer 12 may be located at one or more sites and may be coupled to each other using one or more links, each of which may include, for example, some or all of a computer bus, local area networks (LANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), wide area networks (WANs), portions of the Internet, a public switched telephone network (PSTN), any other appropriate wireline, optical, wireless, or other suitable communication link, or any combination of the preceding.
An operator terminal 58 may provide an operator, manager, other employee, or other individual associated with issuer 12 with access to data management system 56 and function modules 52 to obtain information from, exchange information with, manage, configure, or otherwise interact with customer accounts. Operator terminal 58 may include a computer system. As used in this document, the term �computer� refers to any suitable device operable to accept input, process the input according to predefined rules, and produce output, for example, a personal computer, workstation, network computer, wireless data port, wireless telephone, personal digital assistant, one or more processors within these or other devices, or any other suitable processing device. Although shown as a separate component, operator terminal 58 may include or be partially or completely integrated with the other components of issuer 12.
Data management system 56 may manage data associated with cards 14 and their associated accounts, which may, in particular embodiments, include creating, modifying, and deleting data files associated with cards 14. Additionally, data management system 56 may call one or more function modules 52 to provide particular functionality according to particular needs, as described more fully below. Data management system 56 may include a data processing unit 60, a memory unit 62, a network interface 64, and any other suitable components for managing data associated with cards 14. The components of data management system 56 may be supported by one or more computer systems at one or more sites. One or more components of data management system 56 may be separate from other components of data management system 56 and one or more suitable components of data management system 56 may, where appropriate, be incorporated into one or more other suitable components of data management system 56. Further, data management system may be integrated with any of the other components of issuer 12.
Processing 60 may process data associated with cards 14 and their associated accounts, which may include executing software or coded instructions that may in particular embodiments be associated with the one or more function modules 52. Memory 62 may be coupled to processor 60 and may include one or more suitable memory devices, such as one or more random access memories (RAMs), read-only memories (ROMs), dynamic random access memories (DRAMs), fast cycle RAMs (FCRAMs), static RAM (SRAMs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROMs), electrically erasable programmable read-only memories (EEPROMs), microcontrollers, or microprocessors.
A function module 52 may provide particular functionality associated with handling cards 14, such as, for example, generating cards 14, selling cards 14 to customers, setting up cards 14, activating cards 14 for use, enabling transactions using cards 14, providing security, managing the monetary values 20 stored on certain monetary cards (such as stored-value cards) and/or deactivating cards 14, for example. A function module 52 may be called by data management system 56 to perform the particular functionality associated with the function module 52.
According to the embodiment shown in
Card management module 70 may provide functionality associated with providing cards 14 to customers. For example, module 70 may perform functionality associated with advertising, mailings, card manufacture, card setup, card vending, etc. This module may be operable, for example, to write, or store, various data in memory device(s) on a card 14, including one or more of initial monetary value 20, customer identification code 22, card identification code 24, expiration date 26, and account number 28 for the card 14. Some or all of such data may be stored on a card 14 before the card is provided to a customer, or during activation of, or purchase of, the card. Module 70 may also provide card activation functionality. The card holder or an operator, or other suitable entity, may interface with module 70 to activate cards 14.
Account management module 72 may perform any functionality associated with the management of account information. For example, module 72 may enable the storage of account information in memory 62. Account information may include any information applicable to a particular account. Such information may include, without limitation, names, addresses, social security numbers, codes, balances, available credit, payment information, transaction histories, billing information, birthdates, passwords, account types, etc. Module 72 may be accessed any time an event occurs, which affects an account. For example, a purchase by a consumer using a credit card would change the available credit information in the account records associated with the credit card account.
Transaction module 74 may be generally operable to manage transactions (or attempted transactions) made using a card 14. For example, transaction module may be operable to receive information concerning a transaction from a point of sale device or other sales device, which generates sales or other transaction information. In at least one example embodiment, sales information is generated by a card reading device. The sales information is transmitted to the issuer 12 via a communications network and may be processed using module 74. Transaction information can include any information related to any transaction. Transactions may include the sale or purchase of goods or service. Transaction information may include, without limitation, merchant identification information, transaction amount, purchased item information, date, time, purchaser identity information, sales tax information, location information, customer and card codes, account numbers, etc.
Sales tax information management module 76 may manage, or be used to process, any information associated with sales tax. Such information may include, for example, purchase type information, location information, purchase amount information, sales tax amount and/or percentage information, date and time information, merchant identity information, purchaser identity information, etc. Preferably, module 76 is used to receive, process, store, and generate sales tax information. Module 76 may receive sales tax information, for example, in the transmission of data from a merchant to the issuer. Module 76 may process sales tax information, for example, by changing the format and/or data structure of the received sales tax information. Module 76 may store sales tax information, for example, by storing associated data in memory 62. Such data may be stored according to any suitable data storage method. However, in at least one embodiment, sales tax data is stored in records having fields. Module 76 may generate sales tax information, for example, by retrieving sales tax data from memory 62. Preferably, such data is accessible to operators within issuer 12. In certain embodiments, the data is also accessible directly by customers. Alternatively, the data may be accessible indirectly by customers after the data has been retrieve, processed, and converted into a medium or display format which is accessible by the customer. For example, in certain embodiments, the customer may be provided with a report containing the sales tax information in a predetermined format, or in a format selected by the customer. In another alternative, the customer may view the information through the use of web interface. In other situations, the customer may receive the information audibly from a human or by way of a voice activated and/or menu driven phone system or call center system.
Module 76 may also be employed to generate requests for sales tax information. For example, if the received information is missing a certain type of data, module 76 may recognize the absence of such data and generate a request for the data. The request may be sent to any suitable source from which the information may be obtained. In one embodiment, the request is sent to a customer. In another embodiment, the request is sent to merchant (e.g., electronically communicated from issuer 12 to merchant 13 or to an electronic component within merchant 13). In another embodiment the request is sent to another database. For example, depending on the type of information being sought, the request may be sent to a database storing that particular type of information. The request may include various parameters, which may be portions of the sales tax information data, for example. In one example, if the sales tax amount is missing, but the transaction location and purchase amount are known, module 76 may generate a request to a sales tax rate lookup table stored in a database. Based on the location information, module 76 may retrieve the applicable tax rate. Based on the purchase amount, module 76 may calculate the tax amount. This information may then be stored, or later retrieved, as previously described.
At step 202, the merchant sends transaction information. This information may be sent by any suitable method. In one embodiment, the transaction data is sent electronically from a point of sale device. However, the data may be sent via any method including, for example, orally over a telephone. In one embodiment, the information is sent directly to a card issuer. In other embodiments, the information is sent indirectly to the card issuer and may pass through a number of other entities (e.g., financial institutions) prior to reaching the issuer. In still other embodiments, the information may be sent to an entity distinct from the issuer for processing and storage in accordance with the above description provided in connection with
At step 204, the transaction information is received. In at least one embodiment, the information is received by a card issuer. As already discussed, however, other scenarios may exist. The issuer receives the information, for example, through a network interface. Preferably, the issuer executes one or more applications, using software (for example) to process the information. Processing may include changing the format of the information. Processing preferably includes at least analyzing the information to determine whether it includes one or more pieces of sales tax information.
At step 206, a determination is made whether the transaction information includes one or more pieces of sales tax information. This may be accomplished, for instance, by one or more processors. The sales tax information being sought may include one or more of a plurality of parameters such as, for example, purchaser name, purchase type, purchase amount, location, date and time information, merchant identity information, codes, sales tax amount, sales tax rate, and any other information already discussed herein or which may be associated with a financial transaction. If the determination is made that all of the desired sales tax information is included in the transaction information, the method proceeds to step 222 where the transaction information is stored. If, however, the determination is made that all of the desired sales tax information is not included, then, in step 208, another determination is made.
In step 208, a determination is made whether the missing sales tax information is information that may be available from the merchant. If so, in step 210 a request is generated and sent to the merchant requesting the missing information. The request may be sent according to any of the techniques already discussed. At step 212, the merchant receives the request, generates the required information, and transmits the information to the issuer. If, at step 208, the determination is made that the missing sales tax information will not be available from the merchant, then, at step 214, another determination is made.
At step 214, a determination is made whether missing sales tax information is available from another source (other than the merchant). Other sources may include, without limitation, another entity, such as a customer, or a database. If the determination is made that the information will not be available from any other source, then the search for missing information is ended at step 220 and the method continues at step 222 with whatever information is available. If the determination is made that the information is available from another source, then, at step 216, a request is generated and transmitted to the other source. At step 218, the other source receives the request, generates and/or retrieves the information, and transmits the information to the issuer. In certain embodiments, requests for missing information may be sent to any or all potential sources without first determining whether the information will be available. In such situations, the sources (e.g., merchant or database) will simply provide the information if it is available.
The missing information obtained from the merchant or other sources may be any portion of the transaction information. As an example, sales tax information, such as the sales tax amount, may be missing. The determination may be made that the merchant will not have this information. Thus, the method dictates that a request be generated and transmitted to a database having tax rates for various jurisdictions. The request may include information necessary to prompt the source to return the desired information. For example, a request for a tax rate might include location information. This might be used, for example, by an application to determine what tax rate to retrieve from the database. Once the tax rate is retrieved, then the purchase amount and tax rate may be used to calculate the amount of sales tax. Thus, in generating requests for missing information, collateral sales tax information may be used. This already-available information may also be used to process the retrieved missing information to calculate additional missing information.
At step 222, the transaction information is stored. The information may be stored in any suitable memory device, or manually. The information may be stored according to any acceptable data storage format or protocol. For example, the information may be stored electronically in one or more databases in electronic records having fields corresponding to the various pieces of information. Also, the information may first be processed to determine which pieces of information will be stored and in what form. For instance, the transaction information may include sales tax information to be stored in one location by one module or application, and other information to be stored in a different location.
At step 224, a customer requests sales tax information from the issuer. Although the information is being requested from the issuer, the request may be made of any entity that has control of or access to, the information. For example, the request may be made to a third party that in turn accesses the information from the issuer or whatever entity has the information. Also, while a �customer� is referred to as making the request, the request may be made by other entities or by, for example, software applications. For instance, a request may be generated by a tax preparation application that interfaces with the issuer to request and retrieve the sales tax information.
At step 226, a report is generated and provided to the customer (or another entity or application making the request in step 224). The report may be provided in any suitable format. Report formats may include a plurality of parameters that are predetermined. Alternatively, the customer may select among various parameters to customize the report format. Reports may be provided electronically, on an electronic medium, in hard-copy form, orally, through computer-generated voices or other signals, through the use of a graphic user interface, online, on a web site, or by any other suitable method.
According to one embodiment, one or more suitable issuer components interface with a tax preparation application to provide the sales tax information to the application for use in preparing a tax return. The tax preparation application may be executed remotely from the issuer, or may be incorporated into the issuer system. According to an aspect of this configuration, the sales tax information is automatically generated and/or retrieved and automatically downloaded into the appropriate memory or record fields of the tax preparation application. According to an alternative, the sales tax information may be transmitted to other entities, such as an accountant, or the taxing authority.
Modifications, additions, or omissions may be made to the method without departing from the scope of the invention. Additionally, steps may be performed in any suitable order without departing from the scope of the invention.
Although an embodiment of the invention and its advantages are described in detail, a person skilled in the art could make various alterations, additions, and omissions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
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Paul, do you think this drink will boost my brain power in the exam?
No. I think studying hard is the only way to do well.
Peter, you should learn from Paul and keep a cool head.
I can't help it. Miss Chan said the exam's going to be hard.
Yes, the pressure drives me crazy.7 Mar 2006 - 12:00am
Just when you think you know what women want, the goal posts shift. The metrosexual is, apparently, passe. And the members of the counter-movement, who branded themselves retrosexual (in the same way new lads rode roughshod over sensitive new-age man in the mid-1990s), can be dismissed as out of hand too. This year, we are told, is the year of the ubersexual.26 Feb 2006 - 12:00am
Aproven fact of consumerism is that the more there is on offer, the more we crave. The world has become full of people prowling in search of that new colour, texture, fabric or flavour - the eye candy that no one has yet discovered.10 Feb 2006 - 12:00am
On October 15, in the article headlined 'Ice-cool performer' on this page, the dance company CCDC should have been referred to as City Contemporary Dance Company.20 Oct 2004 - 12:00am
Artists love paying lip service to being democratic and creating art for the common man, but in truth insiders are incredibly snobby about preserving the line between fine art that appears in museums and galleries, and commercial art everywhere else.10 Oct 2004 - 12:00am
Are you genuinely hip, or just a great pretender? Take our Ultimate Hipness Aptitude Test to find out. Being hip is not just about stylish outfits; a cool personality starts from within. This test is divided into three sections: Attitude, Fashion and Culture.
1. What do you think about gay marriage?14 Mar 2004 - 12:00am

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The North Shore Fire Department doused a blaze at Andrew Automotive Collision Repair Center in Glendale this afternoon after a painting booth within the structure caught fire and caused an estimated $100,000 in damages. No one was injured.
According to an NSFD news release:
Around 2:30 p.m. an NSFD fire company was leaving the Glendale firehouse when firefighters onboard notice heavy black smoke to the southwest. Almost simultaneously a call came in from Andrew Automotive and the Glendale fire company, along with others, were dispatched to the scene.
Arriving crews found heavy black smoke coming from the building. With additional crews the fire was quickly brought under control and extinguished.
NSFD said the fire started when a static charge ignited paint fumes in the booth.
On-scene commanders from NSFD and the Glendale Police Department accounted for everyone who had been in the building at the time of the fire.
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What's in a name? A lot when it comes to this all-time favorite sandwich, because it's simply thinly sliced roast beef served in a roll with a bit of broth for dunking. Sure, it tastes great, but once we call it a French dip, it's more exciting!
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Thu, Feb. 19, 4:31 PM
- Health Canada approves the start of Northwest Biotherapeutics' (NASDAQ:NWBO) ongoing Phase 3 clinical trial of DCVax-L in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) brain cancer. The study will be performed at two sites, the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital and Quebec's Centre Hospitalier Uninversitaire de Sherbrooke, Hopital Fleurimont. The approval processes have been completed at both sites and patient screening for enrollment is underway.
- The 348-patient study is being conducted at 51 sites in the U.S. and additional sites in Europe. The lead site is Kings College Hospital in London. The primary efficacy endpoint is progression-free survival.
- DCVax is comprised of activated dendritic cells which are designed to boost the immune system to fight cancer.
Sep. 30, 2014, 11:00 AM
- TheStreet's Editor-In-Chief Janet Guyon writes an extensive rebuttal to an article published on September 27 by the Washington Post's Steven Pearlstein where he accuses Adam Feuerstein of being in bed with short sellers regarding Northwest Biotherapeutics (NWBO -1.9%). In short, he accuses AF of securities fraud.
- TheStreet, unsurprisingly, takes exception to the piece saying Mr. Feuerstein does not own shares in NWBO, is not in cahoots with any hedge funds and supports his articles with facts. Ms. Guyon requests a retraction.
- Many observers will undoubtedly find the situation humorous considering AF's confrontational style. Mr. Pearlstein, however, questions his integrity which is out of bounds without the facts to back it up.
Sep. 16, 2014, 9:20 AM
Sep. 16, 2014, 8:53 AM
- Northwest Biotherapeutics (NASDAQ:NWBO) is up 10% premarket on good volume in response to its announcement that U.K. authorities have designated DCVax-L as a Promising Innovative Medicine (PIM) under its new Early Access to Medicines Scheme. The program, launched in April of this year, provides for accelerated approval for promising new therapies that address a serious disease or condition with high unmet medical need. It is akin to the U.S. FDA's Breakthrough Therapy Designation (BTD).
- PIM approval is a two-step process. Step one is an evaluation by the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) to determine if the product meets three criteria: 1. it addresses the aforementioned serious disease or condition with high unmet medical need; 2. the product is likely to offer a major advantage of available treatments; 3. the potential benefits outweigh the potential adverse effects. Step two is an evaluation of the clinical data to assess the product's benefits and risks. If MHRA's opinion is positive, the product may then be prescribed by physicians before it is formally licensed and while it is still in clinical development.
Aug. 25, 2014, 4:41 PM
- Northwest Biotherapeutics (NWBO -2.1%) closes a $17.5M convertible note paying 5% interest for a term of three years. The notes are convertible into common stock at $7.50 per share. Investors also have three-month option to buy an additional 30% of the notes.
- Proceeds will be used to fund increased manufacturing capacity and ongoing clinical trials.
- NWBO shares closed today at $5.98.
Jul. 8, 2014, 6:22 PM
- Northwest Bio (NWBO) CEO Linda Powers denies charges contained in yesterday's Seeking Alpha article by Richard Pearson that the driving force behind gains in the stock price is a string of promotional pieces, asserting that the author didn't mention "the real reason, that the company has made tremendous operational progress."
- Pearson contended that "many of the authors who have written on Northwest are using fake identities and fake credentials. They pretend to be biologists, other scientists, or fund managers. In fact, they are just paid writers."
- Powers says NWBO has a business relationship with an outside investor relations firm that promotes the company on social media sites, but that writers are not commissioned to write puff pieces, as Pearson alleges.
- NWBO has dropped nearly 7% since Pearson's story was posted Monday morning.
Jun. 20, 2014, 9:18 AM
- Northwest Biotherapeutics (NWBO) asserts that Mr. Feuerstein's June 19 article is misleading and inaccurate. For starters, it says that has not received a "rebuke" from any clinical trial site nor is there a basis to receive one. It claims that it has consistently stated that it would release interim data on an ongoing basis regarding the DCVax-Direct Phase 1/2 clinical trial. It confirms that the disclosed data originated from medical files sent to the company from the trial sites and a CRO, but it claims that reporting interim results is not unusual for an unblinded open-label study like DCVax.
- CEO Linda Powers says, "...Feuerstein seeks ever more sensationalized ways to try to smear the Company. This is not even the semblance of professional analysis. We condemn this attack campaign and appreciate the strong support we are receiving from shareholders, patients and other commentators. We intend to continue our progress undeterred."
Jun. 19, 2014, 12:45 PM
Jun. 19, 2014, 10:37 AM
- MD Anderson VP of Clinical Research Aman Buzdar, M.D., takes issue with Northwest Biotherapeutics' (NWBO -10.4%) trigger-happy behavior regarding disclosing preliminary and unconfirmed results from the ongoing DCVax clinical trial. The company has issued five press releases and conducted one conference call disclosing the results from individual cancer patients who have had single inoperable tumors injected with DCVax-Direct. This is problematic due to two issues: 1) the investigators have not reviewed or analyzed the data because patients are still being enrolled and treated and 2) NWBO's published "results" come from patient case report forms which the trial sites are obligated to send to the trial sponsor.
- Dr. Buzdar says, "I have read the information that the company has put in the public domain. It is extremely unusual and inappropriate." He terms the company's disclosures inappropriate because injecting a tumor with any substance can cause regression due to necrosis-causing inflammation. He says, "..it is a tremendous leap to say that this is a real response."
Jun. 19, 2014, 9:11 AM
Jun. 16, 2014, 12:45 PM
Jun. 11, 2014, 12:47 PM
Jun. 11, 2014, 10:17 AM
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals (INO +1.6%) takes umbrage over yesterday's bearish article published by TheStreet's Adam Feuerstein. In today's press release, the company says it intends to report VGX-3100's Phase 2 data at the end of July. At present, it remains blinded.
- Pertaining to efficacy, the study measures regression of disease from late-stage cervical pre-cancer (CIN 2/3) to early stage pre-cancer (CIN 1) or elimination of disease. The study is 80% powered to achieve a 52% response rate in vaccinated subjects compared to a hypothetical 25% in the control group. The 25% figure is based on natural regression response rates that have ranged from 4% - 40% in other studies.
- CEO Joseph Kim will undoubtedly join Northwest Biotherapeutics (NWBO +5.8%) Chief Linda Powers in declining a dinner invitation with Mr. Feuerstein.
Jun. 11, 2014, 9:13 AM
Jun. 10, 2014, 9:09 AM
- Northwest Biotherapeutics (NWBO) initiates a DCVax Phase 3 clinical trial at a medical center in Dresden, Germany. Three more sites will come on line in June followed by four more in July. The Dresden site has begun screening patients for enrollment. The initiation process will take ~six months per site according to the company.
May. 29, 2014, 10:04 AM
- Northwest Biotherapeutics (NWBO -0.2%) takes umbrage with TheStreet's Adam Feuerstein in response to his May 27 article asserting that the company's DCVax isn't working. He says the company's stated maximum tumor shrinkage of 28% in some Phase 1 trial patients falls short of the globally-accepted RECIST standard of at least a 30% reduction to qualify as a valid partial response.
- Northwest retorts in a press release today that there are numerous established measures of patient responses to therapies. It makes no claims regarding the RECIST criteria, but acknowledges the 30% partial response metric. It also cites the standard of "Stable Disease" for tumor shrinkage up to 28%. CEO Linda Powers says, "Feuerstein's so-called analyses consist of false statements, serious misrepresentations and personal attacks and smears."
- The rhubarb began in March.
NWBO vs. ETF Alternatives
Company Description
Northwest Biotherapeutics Inc is a development stage biotechnology company engaged in the development of immunotherapy products to treat cancers more effectively than current treatments, without toxicities of the kind associated with chemotherapies.
Sector: Healthcare
Industry: Biotechnology
Country: United States
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English actress Jenna Coleman (R) and Scottish actor Peter Capaldi (2L) look down at fans during a photo call at the television premiere of Doctor Who series 8 in London on August 23, 2014. Capaldi plays the twelfth incarnation of the Doctor in what is the eighth series since the classic BBC science-fiction show's revival. AFP PHOTO / JUSTIN TALLISJUSTIN TALLIS/AFP/Getty Images ** OUTS – ELSENT, FPG – OUTS * NM, PH, VA if sourced by CT, LA or MoD **
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For a certain sub site in sharepoint I want to add a new section to the navigation on the left handside. For example "My Section". Under "My Section" I wish to some links but I want to control the hml output of the links. For example add my own classes. How would I go aboutdoing this?
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Local News
First Day of School for Salem Grade StudentsIt's that time again, the first day of school is quickly approaching for Salem Grade School Students.
The Staff of Salem Elementary School will report to work for an in-service day on August 14th, with the first day of school for students being August 15th at 8:30am. Breakfast and Lunch will be served on the first day.
PreK/Early Childhood classes will be conducting an open house on Friday, August 15th. Parents must accompany their students. Busses will not be running for PreK/Early Childhood classes on Friday. Students in the morning classes will be having their open house from 8:30 to 10:30, and students in the afternoon classes will have open house held from 12:30 to 2:30.
Open house for 4th grade will be in Wednesday, August 13th at 6:00pm at Franklin Park School.
Open house for Kindergarten students will be on Wednesday, August 13th at 7:00pm at Hawthorn school.
First through Third Grade open house will be between 6:00 and 6:45pm at Hawthorn School.
Fifth through Eighth Grade open house will be at Franklin Park on Thursday, August 14th at 6:45-7:30pm.
See other LocalNews news:Salem Area Residents and Organizations Recognized at Night of Honor
Raccoon Grade and Odin School Latest to Show Support for McGhee Family
Victim in Truck-Train Crash Identified as 38-Year-Old Breese Man
39 Percent of Rural Illinois Without High-Speed Internet
Song Dancing Its Way to Official Illinois Polka


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Another drought this year? No irrigation - WWYD?
I just got back in after walking out back, noticed that areas that are normally soggy with poor drainage aren't now. Not that they're dry, the weeds seem to be doing OK in the trenches, but the flatter area across the road from there where the manure pile is isn't squishing as I walk on it. And the deep pit at the end of the trellised trenches I filled with chicken manure and sawdust, where I had all the volunteer tomatoes last year b/c it's glacial till underneath and doesn't drain (I never had to water those volunteers last summer) has only a couple small weeds growing in it. There are planty of tall weeds (mostly dandelions but some ragweed and mullein) growing in between my raised beds, not too many in the beds, even where the burlap and hay blew off. The wild blackberries look like they're doing fine.
We've had just over an inch of rain this month (TWC says we had 1.5" last month but Dad didn't mention any the night before we got back from vacation so I'm not sure about that day). We got just 1/100" yesterday (supposedly - my rain gauge broke and I haven't replaced it). We're expecting more next week, but of course it's too far away to tell how much - just a 20-30% chance early in the week and supposedly more later. But it worries me that we're getting 1-1.5" when we should be getting 4.5" a month this time of year - it's been below normal for almost a year now, we didn't even get as much snow as normal. Reservoirs and ponds are still looking OK, but our springs aren't running like they normally do - the one that feeds our pond isn't making it all the way there any more, and the one that runs along our driveway (we had to put in a culvert when we built) disappeared a month ago. The only thing that's keeping things green is the snow melt and that won't last much longer.
I'm wondering if I should scale back (though I've spent money on supplies, incl. lumber for hoophouse) this year, just sell my plants and keep a small garden near the house for us. I haven't sent in my fee for market yet. I just don't want to spend $200 for market, $50 for insurance certificate, and bust my butt (and run the well dry) all summer hauling water out back to keep the beans, edamame, 100+ tomatoes and 50 peppers watered and then find (like I did with peppers and onions last year) that it wasn't enough and I don't harvest (m)any.
This post was edited by ajsmama on Thu, May 16, 13 at 13:16
That was us here in Kansas and many parts of the Midwest.
There was no rain from late March until the end of May. Then two, 1 inch rains in June, then basically nothing until early September. We ran drip irrigation all the time. That with plastic mulch, we were able to conserve all the moisture we could. Put this together with weeks of near 100 or over 100 degrees and that was the summer of 2012.
We stuck it out, grew, planted, seeded and had a good year. Tough it out, do the work and cut back on marginal crops. I cut out low end crops and focused more on the big sellers, melons, tomatoes, cucumbers and zucchini.
That was last summer here too - wet in May, then June though Aug was pretty dry and hot, hauling 100 gal of water at a time 1000ft and filling gallon jugs from the barrels to water by hand when gravity didn't work well enough to water 100ft long rows.
I've already planned for this year to grow greens, cukes, squash, and determinate tomatoes near the house (then replace them with cool-weather crops when they're done). The tomatoes did OK last year out back (though some of my cherries reverted to currant-size), so did the potatoes. But I got late blight along with everyone else so don't want to plant potatoes there again, planned on beans which were a pretty good seller when I had them. And I did a few edamame plants near the house, I know that's a good seller and I have seed from 2011 so I figured I'd plant it in the trenches so wouldn't have to water as often (I do have drip hoses for those 40 ft rows, seemed to work in 2011 for the month that I needed them with barrels up in the truck).
Of course 2011 was the exact opposite - we got 12" of rain in August (after a pretty wet May/June and a scorching hot July) and everything drowned or got diseased/rotted.
Can't do melons - too much space and too much water. But I'm wondering if it's worth planting the beans, edamame, tomatoes, peppers (which never do well for me - at least not bells - I've got some non-bell sweets to try this year since people don't want the hot chiles) where I have to haul water, even if they are good sellers? I sold about $500 of tomatoes last year, but that won't pay for market fees, insurance, and gas. And I can't guarantee that the green beans, peppers, and edamame will grow well without rain.
Then again I have over 200 tomato starts, had planned on planting 120 of them. I just don't have room for all of them near the house, even if that's all I planted.
Would you do it 2 years in a row is the question? Is this the "new normal"? I don't want to be hauling water all summer long every year. Just don't know if it's worth it (time/gas and precious water).
Found long-range drought outlook and it doesn't look bad here, supposed to improve (though I don't know if it'll be "normal"). So I guess I'll plant as planned. Even if I have to get DS to haul buckets from the pond so I don't have to run the well.
Western states look bad though.
Here is a link that might be useful:
You could start saving water in rain barrels to use when necessary. I found when we didn't have a well, that when I saved the water, I didn't worry about rain much. When the barrels got low, it seemed to rain. I only had to transport water maybe 10 times in 10 years.
I wasn't trying to irrigate with in. When I did plan on having irrigation water for the garden, I bought a swimming pool and use it for backup water supply. Of course, we cooled off in it, just like the 'ole swimmin hole'. We NEVER washed the produce in this water. Just a thought.
The problem is, I have to put the barrels in the truck, so unless I can find a way to pump them, I'd have to leave the full barrels in the truck until I needed them. Not only does that mean I can't use the truck for anything else, I also don't think it's good for the suspension.
It was a pain at the end of the year, but we did set 1 barrel up to collect rain at the house, so at least we would have water to flush the toilets in case we ran dry or lost power (which we didn't, even during Sandy). The only thing downhill from the house is woods. But now we have 4 barrels so I can set up a couple and use them to water the house garden too in a pinch (though they won't work with the soaker hose I laid out, esp. not uphill LOL, so I'd have to hand-water).
But if USDA says conditions will improve at least 1 stage, I'll go ahead as planned. We're only Moderate Drought right now, I think we can handle Abnormally Dry without too much of a problem. Worst case we'll buy a foot valve and a pump for the pond (just to irrigate with) and borrow my dad's generator/welder to run it. Hope it won't be 2x/wk every week.
Keep 1 barrel empty, but it in the truck when needed. Pump a full one into the empty in truck, then load that now empty into truck, and repeat.
We are officially out of any Drought and have been since winter. We didn't get much snow, but enough moisture to keep 'water healthy'.
I used to have 10-12 barrels in different locations, including 4-5 in our smallest greenhouse (10x20) to help keep the temps up during the winter months and to use after plantings began. By the time, plants were big enough to go outside, the barrels were empty.
I believe the lack of water is becoming the 'new normal', and we will have to deal with it.
The mayor of our local city has purchased rain barrels (the expensive ones) and having people paint them to win a contest. I've been telling people to use rain barrels for years now.


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Spring Things
April 18, 2013 Spring is right around the corner, even though we are still experiencing days that look and feel like winter. We may go directly from winter to summer -- you just can't out-guess Mother Nature. more »»
Chicks with Guns
April 16, 2013 Every year my dad does his own Christmas shopping. Usually his gifts garner a lot of complements and consist of something pretty like jewelr. more »»
This 'N That
April 11, 2013 Usually, when I sit down to write a column, I've got some topic to tackle, offer a commentary on, or just want to share with you. But, I must confess – the idea shelf is empty. Pffffft. Nad. more »»
Community Papers Tops For News
April 9, 2013 Survey: Community papers still tops for local news -- That was the headline that of a National Newspaper Association press release. "The numbers are self-evident. more »»
Signs of Spring!
April 4, 2013 I think spring is finally going to make an appearance. I was doubtful for a while but signs of spring are popping up all over. more »»
A Reprieve – For Now
April 2, 2013 For a long, long time, I've felt that our society has become litigation-happy. more »»
A 'White' Easter?
March 28, 2013 How long has it been since we've had a "white" Easter? White Christmas, yes. But Easter? We should research how often Easter lands in March. Not to say, however, that there hasn't been snow in Apri. more »»
March Madness
March 26, 2013 It's that time of year, folks. A time when an estimated 3 million employees spend one to three hours following NCAA basketball games instead of working. more »»
Do The Zombie
March 21, 2013 OK, let's make it perfectly clear – I've never been all that great a fan of horror movies or the old "slash and scream" type of shows, such as Halloween and the Texas Chainsaw Masssacre. more »»
America's Farmers Grow Rural Education
March 19, 2013 Farmers in 1,271 counties across 39 states have the opportunity to grow the next generation by nominating a rural, public school district to apply for a grant of up to $25,000. more »»
Unfavorable Conditions
March 14, 2013 As I left the Junior Miss Shamrock Pageant on Sunday, I was greeted with heavy snowfall, blowing wind and slippery streets. more »»
No Big Secret
March 12, 2013 Even though I spend a lot of time at a computer in the course of a day's work, I also spend my fair share of time at home surfing the web, looking for column ideas and such. more »»
Spring Break
March 7, 2013 Will you be taking a spring break this year? March seems to be the time of year to head out for a little respite for those suffering from Cabin Fever. more »»
Women's History Month
March 5, 2013 I received yet another "Going Away Party" invite in my email inbox the other day. Typically this would be disappointing to see another good friend move away but this year has been different. more »»
A Time To Look To The Future
February 26, 2013 Predictions of winter storms had us all a little skittish last Thursday. Events were cancelled and others postponed. Some schools even sent students home early, trying to beat the weather. more »»
The Family Tree
February 21, 2013 I was up at the courthouse recently gathering information for a story when it dawned on me I had never physically researched public records that weren't already on the web. more »»
We're Fighting Back
February 19, 2013 The announcement was a shock in itself in the sporting world – the International Olympic Committee announcing its plans to discontinue the sport of Wrestling at the Summer Olympics. more »»
Tomorrow's Leaders Making A Difference
February 14, 2013 Five outstanding, young Emmetsburg residents were honored at the Chamber Banquet last Friday night. Four of the five returned "home" to Emmetsburg to be in business and raise their familie. more »»
The Proposal
February 12, 2013 One of my first missions when I got to town was scouting out the local shops. I had heard stores like ETC and A Heavenly Celebration were popular places for bridal registrie. more »»
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Welcome to Our Home: Knit and Crochet Ideas from Red Heart
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Jewels of the Desert Crocheted Dishcloth
By: Carin from Homemaker and the Pea
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This Jewels of the Desert Crocheted Dishcloth is a quick and easy crochet pattern that you can whip up in no time. Made using a variety of crochet stitches, this crocheted square can also be used to create afghans, blankets, and more. This is a great pattern for beginners and a fun way to use up an extra skein of yarn. Create a whole assortment of dishcloths or assemble these squares into a blanket to create a super cute afghan for a little girl or boy.
Crochet Hook: G/6 or 4 mm hook
Primary Technique: Crochet
Yarn Weight: (4) Medium Weight/Worsted Weight and Aran (16-20 stitches to 4 inches)
- US size G crochet hook
- 1 skein worsted weight cotton yarn, I used Lily Sugar n Cream
- Tapestry needle
- Scissors
Finished cloth measures approximately 9" x 9"
- Chain 34.
- Row 1: Sc in second chain from hook. Sc accross. Chain 3 and turn.
- Row 2: Dc in same stitch as the chain three made before the turn, *sk 2, 3 dc in next stitch. Repeat from * across until last stitch. end with 2 dc in last. Ch 3 and turn.
- Row 3: 3 dc in each space across ending with 1 dc in the top of the last double crochet from the previous row. Ch 1 and turn.
- Row 4: Hdc in each stitch across. Ch 1 and turn.
- Row 5: Hdc in each stitch across. Ch 3 and turn.
- Repeat rows 2 - 5 five more times. At the end of the last row of hdc ch 1 and turn. Sl st across and bind off. Weave in ends.
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The Exchange
10:00 am
Fri February 10, 2012
The Gambling Debate Returns to the Granite State
By Laura Knoy
Once again, lawmakers are looking at bills to increase gambling options in New Hampshire. With more gaming sites opening up in Maine and Massachusetts some say that's a reason to expand here, while opponents say just the opposite. Meanwhile, Governor Lynch says he's not willing to "make a bet" on gambling, making the reality of casinos in the Granite State tougher, but not impossible for this cause.
- David Hess - Republican Representative from Hooksett and a member of the House Ways and Means Committee.
- Lou D'Allesandro - Democratic Senator from Manchester and a member of the Senate Ways and Means Committee.
We'll also hear from
- Steve Norton - Executive Director of the New Hampshire Center for Public Policy Studies.


text:
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Popping the Question at the DNC
One of the rules to popping the big question, is to find a location that is both romantic and memorable. For most guys, it's a special restaurant or a park. But for Ruben Gallego, that special location was the Democratic National Convention.
I was watching a tribute to Ted Kennedy with the Massachusett's delegation to the convention when a guy bumped into me. He asked if I could make room so he could bend down. Naturally, I obliged and then asked if he'd lost something.
He shook his head and quickly turned his attention to a young lady across the aisle in the Arizona delegation. I watched as Ruben pulled out a jewelry box, got down on bended knee and proposed to the girl of his dreams.
Their fellow delegates stood and applauded. Some had posters made for the occasion. Ruben pulled out one heck of a rock and as he presented it to Katharine, she clasped her hands and wept. And then — she said yes.
It was a magical moment.
Ruben is a patriot. He served our country in the Marines and saw the war first-hand in Fallujah. And while Ruben was defending our nation, Katharine waited patiently at home.
And soon — they will become man and wife.
Blessings to Ruben and Katharine — delegates from the great state of Arizona. May you have a wonderful life together.


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Do I need Gravenstein?
I have heard so much about Gravenstein apples, but I have never eaten one or even seen one. I was wondering if it is something that would grow in Colorado. I am hesitant to get an apple that doesn't keep well, and I don't feel like baking pies in the heat of the summer.
We surely do not have a maritime climate here. Often the temperature varies 40 degrees in a single day. Because of the dry climate we seem to have less disease and pest pressure than I have seen others post about.
What makes Gravenstein such an apple icon? Is it something I am missing out on? I currently don't have any summer apples.
Gravenstein is one of the best later Summer apples, and in fact, some will even say it's the best apple all around. What's so great about Gravenstein is that it is sweet, tart, aromatic, fragrant - in brief, it's complex in a sublime way.
Climate wise it's a perfect apple for the West Coast and for mountain climates. The reason being is that it likes a good diurnal temperature fluctuation to develop flavor. Since you're in Colorado, I'd assume you're at some elevation, and if it's not always an inferno during the Summer the way it is this year, you'll get really good Gravensteins.
There are a number of delicious Summer apples to choose from, I just posted a writeup on Cloudforest: http://www.cloudforest.com/cafe/apples/maintaining-log-results-t3229.html.
BTW, just the other day, I commented on the fact that we had 95F at 2PM, and it was 55F by 8PM. That's a solid 40F temperature change in the span of 6 hours, and let me tell you, it makes for some amazing aromatic apples.
What a great write-up. I didn't even know Erwin Bauer was a summer apple. I bought it from Cummins before they even had a description listed; I just liked the name. It doesn't seem to be too precocious and I don't think it will bear any time soon.
You say about Alkmene, "the all time best apple I have ever eaten". Would you suggest it over Gravenstein?
Oh, now that is a tough question. Alkmene is really good, but would I choose it over gravenstein? It depends, I think gravenstein is a better cooker and juicer, so taking those things into account I'd pick a gravenstein over Alkmene. But as a dessert apple, I think Alkmene is better.
Erwin Bauer is a mid-to-late September apple in higher latitudes. I am pretty sure that under normal circumstances, it would probably be late August to early September here, but we have had such a weird year that everything is about 4-6 weeks ahead of schedule.
Incidentally, Alkemene is also listed as a mid Sept apple in Germany, but last year, it ripened in mid August for me. This year it started to ripen in late July. So if you really want to stick with Summer apples, get a gravenstein.
I have fond memories of the Gravenstein apple when growing up in Switzerland. We had two large trees on the farm, it was always a joy to taste the first ripe apple on the tree,..it came ripe right after the Transparent. I sometimes had to pick some to sell but most we juiced up at the neighbors press. One of the two tree is still standing and must be close to 100 years old.
I've never tasted a Gravenstein, but my father, who's now 79, once told me that Gravenstein is his favorite apple. He grew up in southern New England. I think there used to be a lot of Gravensteins in NE back in the day, but now, not so much.
The Gravenstein apple used to be big in this area in the days of apple drying and a robust cider industry. Mine are just ready to pick now, and Sonoma county will have their Gravenstein festival soon. I use mine mostly for fresh eating and apple sauce, as they do not keep well, but they are our earliest apple. Al
I have a single Gravenstein on g-16 I think, in its fifth leaf trained on a tall spindle system. It's been very vigorous and notably unproductive. I've found the fruit to be more tart than sweet here with a softer consistency than I like.I prefer Zestar, which ripens about the same time. This one is sweeter with as intense a flavor as Gravenstein, crunchier and keeps longer.
I read and hear about how wonderful Gravenstein apple is
for the West Coast. I found it available at an orchard here in WI and bought a 5 lb bag one fall. Horrible! While they seemed ripe, the flavor did nothing for me.
Did I get a bad apple? Or do Gravensteins prefer the maritime climate of the west coast for best flavor?
I once saw Waltana apples being grown in WI. I heard they
are popular in California. The orchard I stopped at said
they brought wood back from California and grafted the trees. They never did well in our climate. They ripened late and were hard as a rock.
In North Dakota they grow an apple called Hazen. Developed
near Hazen, ND. One September I ate Hazen off a tree in
Burlington, ND. Hard and great flavor! The same variety when grown where I was living in Lake City, MN was horrible. Some years it just turned to mush and the center of the apple rotten before it was ripe.
These are just some examples that not all apple varieties
perform well everywhere. Perhaps someone in Colorado can
advise if Gravenstein performs well there? Maybe best on
the far West side of the state where the peaches are grown?
Spartan, Waltana is super late and would never do well in higher latitudes, we pick ours in December and January. That's how long it takes for it to ripen. In a short season climate, it will be a rock.
We get horrible McIntosh apples here in California, yet in Oregon, they're delicious. So go figure. It's definitely true that apples are adapted regionally and it's all a matter of finding out what does well.
Now I wouldn't grow a gravenstein in the Southeast including Texas, but in the higher elevation regions of Colorado, I think gravenstein would be delicious.
As you know,..apples ripen on the outside of tree first, on a very large tree the apples close to the trunk could be at their best two weeks later, ...we can't grow Gravenstein here in the far north but I remember as a kid in Switzerland searching for some apples close to the trunk many day's later and WOW, sooo..juicy!
Here in Southeastern NY Gravenstein is not so special, IMO, probably because,as Axel mentioned, it likes cool nights when ripening. It can be quite good off the tree but very rapidly becomes mush. Certainly the aromatics are there, but the texture is ordinary even when just picked.
I manage one old Grav that had about an 80' spread when I started managing it 20 years ago. It was the most beautiful apple (and widest spread) I've ever seen, but has since lost two of its major scaffolds and is about half the size and not so pleasingly shaped. I'm sure it's well over 100 years old and I would guess 150. Might have held on to the scaffolds if the owner hadn't installed a sprinkling system that radically changed soil conditions. The old don't tend to like radical change.
I would warn anyone choosing varieties that I find quality doesn't only vary region to region but also soil to soil, especially with the heirlooms. I'm talking about a quality range all the way from sub-par to excellent. Of course, the range of human taste is even greater.
Harvestman, you are indeed correct, apple flavor varies great deal just based on soil types but I think it's correlated to the amount of water available. Most of the German apple books indicate the moisture level required for a specific apple variety. Some tolerate dry, sandy locations, but most require moist loamy soil.
We have an interesting property that is just on the boundary of two soil zones. One is dry, sandy soil, the other is heavier clay type soil with more loam and more water. i have found that flavor matches once I provide plenty of water on the sandier, faster draining soil.
I have found that lack of water and drought conditions are the worst for apples, making them dry, one dimensional, and prevent the aromatics from forming.
i've been struggling with my irrigation system for a long time, I've finally switched to a once a monthly deep watering, which seems to work best in our dry conditions, driving roots deep down where there is a more steady source of water.
Axel, yes the difference in soil types is mostly about soil texture, and here in the humid region that tends to determine water access as a lot of fruit production is non-irrigated.
Usually fruit quality is better in sandy, well drained soils here, although plums get up the brix even in wet soil conditions according to my observation. I haven't noticed that different varieties of apples are affected differently in this regard, but my observations are not as intense as yours on this. I will say that commercial growers seem unanimous that quality improves on relatively dry years- across the board.
However, I think it's a little more complicated than just the balance of water and air. For instance, here, the Baldwin apple seem to be superior on sites where there is some summer shading that dissipates in the fall. In other words, with overhanging branches from another much taller tree on the north side that blocks mid-day sun in mid-summer but stops shading the Baldwin when the sun gets lower in Sept the apples build more sugar than when fully exposed.
I suspect there are lots of other situations like this that apply to fruit quality in home orchards but are never a factor in commercial production in wide open sites.
You and I are able to observe and report what we notice but this is not the same as researched information- not that it isn't useful but I think we need to keep that in mind.
Axel, yes the difference in soil types is mostly about soil texture, and here in the humid region that tends to determine water access as a lot of fruit production is non-irrigated.
Usually fruit quality is better in sandy, well drained soils here, although plums get up the brix even in wet soil conditions according to my observation. I haven't noticed that different varieties of apples are affected differently in this regard, but my observations are not as intense as yours on this. I will say that commercial growers seem unanimous that quality improves on relatively dry years- across the board.
However, I think it's a little more complicated than just the balance of water and air. For instance, here, the Baldwin apple seem to be superior on sites where there is some summer shading that dissipates in the fall. In other words, with overhanging branches from another much taller tree on the north side that blocks mid-day sun in mid-summer but stops shading the Baldwin when the sun gets lower in Sept the apples build more sugar than when fully exposed.
I suspect there are lots of other situations like this that apply to fruit quality in home orchards but are never a factor in commercial production in wide open sites.
You and I are able to observe and report what we notice but this is not the same as researched information- not that it isn't useful but I think we need to keep that in mind.
Harvestman, my experience is the same as yours with certain apple varieties. I have large evergreen oaks at the bottom of my property that provide shade starting mid-day for the last two rows of apples. I figured I would graft all of my Summer apples down there. Well, turns out that was an excellent choice. The quality of the Summer apples I get down in the last two rows are phenomenal.
I also ended up planting my cox orange pippin apple down there as well. As a result, the cox is delayed by about 3 weeks, and is so much better than the coxes I've tasted ripening in full sun during the super hot first half of September.
The bonus on several Summer apples is that they hang on the tree for a bit longer without turning to mush. The BRIX has a chance to go up a little higher while the texture is still prime. Plus there is more moisture.
On the opposite end, I have viking growing in the hottest part of the garden in full sun - big mistake, they turn to mush on most years. I will top work it to other varieties and re-graft Viking in the rows below the oak tree.
One last observation: I also planted some apples beneath the oaks at the top of my property where there is mostly Morning shade and afternoon sun. To my surprise, the trees up there bloom sparingly and don't set much fruit at all. Seems lack of Morning sun has an adverse effect on bloom, but the lack of afternoon sun doesn't affect bloom at all.
What I ended up doing is putting the late blooming varieties at the top, because they're the least affected by the lack of Morning sun. For example, hollow log is a late bloomer and seems to do fine up there.
Delaying bloom and delaying ripening is a really good thing here because the later an apple ripens here, the better it is thanks to colder nights. I've started to experiment with mcintosh to see if I can get it to ripen in October by grafting it into different locations.
Axel, I appreciate your observations- you love your trees and appear to have strong deductive skills which make your commentary valuable.
I've never noticed the contrast in western and eastern exposure as far as fruit set but have always sought morning sun to reduce fungus pressure in our eastern climate. I will now try to see if I find a correlation in the lack of morning sun to poor fruit set. I have so many different sites, if there is a strong connection, I will probably find it.
One last note, the best bearing, highest quality Elephant Heart plum tree I've ever managed was on my own property in a shady spot that only got about 4 hours direct sun a day- missed some early morning and all afternoon sun. It was a reliable cropper that never got pitch pockets in the fruit as happens here to trees in full sun. I've never gotten consistent cropping from another tree on other sites either. Unfortunately, black knot has gotten so bad here I can't grow plum trees in shady spots anymore.
Yep, you need a Gravenstein. ;)
I am grafting from a tree my great-grandmother planted in the Willamette Valley of Oregon in 1905. We moved to northern CA a few years ago and I have had some delightful apples from the small trees. I pollinate with William's Pride and Liberty but the Zestar would be fine too.
They are great heirloom trees and I am waiting for enough to make cider.


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20 Printed Silky Shorts to Wear Instead of Cutoffs
Dressed-up and more polished than your music-festival mainstays.
Dressed-up and more polished than your music-festival mainstays.
Doritos girl Ali Landry and Real Housewife Kenya Moore are among the beauty queens.
Slouchy evening dressing has never looked so refined.
The debut shoe from a brand that knows its basics.
Navel-baring looks show no sign of stopping.
See squiggle prints, gleaming gold guipure lace, and delicate yellow chiffon blossoms up close.
A tropical bag perfect for the beach, or at least imagining you're there.
Including Anna Wintour's CFDA coat from last night.
Up your summer style with a few simple additions.
This isn't your art teacher's jewelry anymore.
It's all about tropical excursions, creative fabric techniques, and bold color-blocking.
Skimpy sandals aren't the answer when you hate your toes or heels.
The closest thing to wearing nothing at all when it's hot outside.
Only the colorful and patterned best for next year's vacations.
A floral explosion that feels far from frilly.
And "street style" is less interesting than how real girls wear their clothes.
Finish it off with a chunky white shoe.
Be it Montauk or Malibu, it's finally time to start catching some waves.
Pared down and ready for the beautiful weather ahead, at every price point.
Classic kicks infused with French coolness, back for a second round.


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Rendezvous Renamed to OpenTalk 280
from the legal-chest-thumping dept.
We've improved Slashdot's video section; now you can view our video interviews, product close-ups and site visits with all the usual Slashdot options to comment, share, etc. No more walled garden! It's a work in progress -- we hope you'll check it out (Learn more about the recent updates).
The strange thing is that Apple's Software Update isn't Web-enabled.U.K.-based BTG Plc has sued Microsoft Corp. and Apple Computer Inc. for allegedly infringing a patent that covers Web-enabled software update technologies, the company announced Wednesday.
2. File a patent, and submarine it.
The 376 claim patent [uspto.gov] emphasizes its utility in "pushing" new content to a subscriber of a electronic magazine. A relic of the dot-com boom, perhaps?
6,557,054 was granted on April 29, 2003, from a April 20, 2000 filing, but some of the claims were based on applications filed as early as Apr. 29, 1996, and over the course of those years, it's brought in several dot-com fads.
Okay, this time I mean it: No more product-based body modification.
To be honest, anybody who is genuinely in the market for TIBCO's Rendezvous is not going to confuse it with Apple's Rendezvous.
Think of Apple Rendezvous as a 4-door luxury sedan and TIBCO Rendezvous as a 150 ton mining truck. Yeah, they're both vehicles with four wheels, but you'd have to be an idiot to confuse the two, even if they share the same name. What's more, it's the mining truck company doing the suing--is it really plausible that customers for such a specialized product are going to confuse the heavy-duty industrial solution with the Joe Everyman one?
Great! No one would get that confused with iChat!
Now that Apple's got a pretty good speech-recognition and text-to-speech engine, all the networking talks have to compete with the real talking for cute marketing terminology, such as "PlainTalk."
To avoid any future confusion, both products will be renamed. To OpenTalk.Given that the issue was that there were two things called 'rendezvous' the statement:
Rendezvous' new name will be OpenTalk
doesn't really help
All clear?
Tibco's Rendezvous can be used to the do same task as Apple's Rendezvous, i.e. dynamic configuration. They both use multicast and don't require server endpoint configurations like addresses, etc. However Tibco's Rendezvous can also do generic, certified, and transactional messaging and hence Apple's product description does harm by implying Tibco's software has less capabilities, i.e. inferior, to what it really is.
To update the trademark links, Tibco [tibco.com] was formally Teknekron [archive.org]:
Shrewd marketing. Rendezvous always sounded kinda French to me.
Everybody knows us Amurricans in the red states don't like nothin' French. Suddenly I feel like goin' out and buyin' me a big bunch o' Apples!
and lest we forget
How about a Talk to unite all 'Talks?
It does not get any better stealing from foreigners in this case the French.
How wouild you all feel if a French company decided to Trademark Meeting it's laughable.
Well... it does a little.
How wouild you all feel if a French company decided to Trademark Meeting it's laughable.
Why, I'd nuke them into guacamole, of course.
Oh, I'm being mean again. I'm sorry.
After any salary raise, you will have less money at the end of the month than you did before.


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Tea Set
capot1948June 16, 2013
I bought the pictured tea set yesterday, on the bottom of one of the pots it has E.P.N.S. (ElectroPlated Nickel Silver) the other pot has E.P.N (maybe the S. is missing) and the bowl has E.I.N.S. It has a dull finish and did have what appeared to have some tarnish on it. After polishing the tarnish was removed the finish remained dull. Any help on identification would be appreciated.
We've since found out that this set is 'German Silver' which is not really silver plate and gets cleaned completely different that silver plate however it does get polished in the last step. Wish I could find out more about it though as to age and where it came from. Thank you for the reply Shelia


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