text:
A laser treatment device and process with controlled cooling. The device contains a cooling element with high heat conduction properties, which is transparent to the laser beam. A surface of the cooling element is held in contact with the tissue being treated while at least one other surface of the cooling element is cooled by the evaporation of a cryogenic fluid. The cooling is coordinated with the application of the laser beam so as to control the temperatures of all affected layers of tissues. In a preferred embodiment useful for removal of wrinkles and spider veins, the cooling element is a sapphire plate. A cryogenic spray cools the top surface of the plate and the bottom surface of the plate is in contact with the skin. In preferred embodiments the wavelength of the laser beam is chosen so that absorption in targeted tissue is low enough so that substantial absorption occurs throughout the targeted tissue. In a preferred embodiment for treating large spider veins with diameters in the range of 1.5 mm, Applicants use an Er:Glass laser with a wavelength of 1.54 microns.
1. A laser system for tissue treatment, comprising:
A) A hand-held portable battery powered tissue cooling unit comprising:
1) a cooling transmitting element comprised of material transparaent to light at a nominal wavelength and having high thermal conductivity and having a contact surface for contacting a surface of tissue being treated,
2) a cryogenic container mounted within or on said cooling unit,
3) a cryogen contained in said container,
4) a cryogenic cooling chamber for cooling at least one surface of said cooling element, said chamber having an entrance port communicating with said container and an exit port,
5) a battery powered cryogenic control means for permitting a flow of vaporizing cryogen from said container into said chamber to cool said at least one surface in order to remove heat from said tissue surface and to produce desired temperature distribution in target tissue being treated, and
6) a battery mounted on or within said cooling unit for providing power to said control means, and
B) a source of laser light defining a nominal wavelength arranged to transmit said laser light through said cooling transmitting element.
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16. A process for treating tissue, comprising the steps of:
A) generating from a source a laser light defining a nominal wavelength,
B) transmitting said laser light through a hand-held portable battery operated tissue cooling unit comprising a cooling transmitting element comprised of material transparent to light at said nominal wavelength and having high thermal conductivity and having a contact surface for contacting a surface of tissue being treated,
C) inserting cryogen from a cryogenic container, mounted on or within said cooling unit, into a cryogenic cooling chamber for said cooling element, said chamber having an entrance port communicating with said container and an exit port,
wherein said inserting permits a flow of vaporizing cryogen from said container into said chamber to cool said cooling element in order to remove heat from the tissue surface and to produce desired temperature distribution in target tissue and wherein the battery is mounted on or within the cooling unit.
17. A process as in
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20. A hand-held portable battery powered tissue cooling unit, useful for both cryogenic tissue treatment and for cooling tissue during laser treatment, comprising:
A) a cooling transmitting element comprised of material transparent to light at a nominal wavelength and having high thermal conductivity and having a contact surface for contacting a surface of tissue being treated,
B) a cryogenic container mounted on or within said cooling unit,
C) a cryogen contained in said container,
D) a cryogenic cooling chamber for cooling at least one surface of said cooling element, said chamber having an entrance port communicating with said container and an exit port,
E) a battery powered cryogenic control means for permitting a flow of vaporizing cryogen from said container into said chamber to cool said at least one surface in order to remove heat from said tissue surface and to produce desired temperature distribution in target tissue being treated, and
F) a battery mounted on or within said cooling unit providing power to said control means.
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This application is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. Ser. No. 09/174,065 filed Oct. 16, 1998 U.S. Pat. No. 6,059,820. This invention relates to devices and methods for laser treatment and in particular to laser treatment with surface cooling.
1. Prior Art Skin Cooling
The principal methods presently used for skin cooling before or during the laser treatment involve the use of a cold contacting window or cryogenic spray device. Cryogenic spray directly to the skin may reduce a skin temperature below 0 C but can freeze the skin and cause significant damage to it. Typical cold contacting windows of the prior art utilize ice water at 0 C can cool the surface of the skin to as low as about 4 C. But prior art ice water cooled cold contact window devices are inadequate to remove enough heat to prevent unwanted surface tissue damage in many applications.
Three prior art techniques are described in the following United States patents: C. Chess, Apparatus for treating cutaneous vascular lesions, U.S. Pat. No. 5,486,172; Anderson et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,595,568; and C. Chess, Method for treating cutaneous vascular lesions, U.S. Pat. No. 5,282,797. All of these devices and methods provide for the cooling of the skin down to temperatures of about 4 C but not below it.
A different technique is described by J. S. Nelson et al., in the article �Dynamic Epidermal Cooling in Conjunction With Laser-Induced Photothermolysis of Port Wine Stain Blood Vessels, Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 1996;19:224-229. In this technique the direct cryogenic spray to the skin surface is used before the laser pulse delivery. This method is normally not satisfactory. The surface gets too cold and the subsurface layers are not sufficiently cooled so that unwanted damage occurs at the surface because the tissue gets too cold from the cryogen and/or unwanted damage occurs in the immediate subsurface layers because the tissue gets too hot from the laser beam.
2. Selective Photothermolysis
Dr. Leon Goldman and Dr. Rex Anderson developed the technique known as selective photothermolysis. This technique involves the use of a laser beam having absorption in targeted tissue much higher than in other tissue. Blood has very high absorption of laser radiation at about 530 nm and 575-590 nm. These frequencies are available from the double frequency Nd-YAG laser producing 532 nm light and by an argon laser producing 530 nm. Dye lasers at 577, 585 and 587 are also used in techniques that target blood vessels. These techniques have proven very successful in treating conditions known as port wine stains when the blood vessels are small and near the skin surface. The techniques do not work well for deeper, larger blood vessels.
What is needed is a better laser surgery cooling method to better control tissue temperature during laser treatments.
The present invention provides a laser treatment device and process with controlled cooling. The device contains a cooling element with high heat conduction properties, which is transparent to the laser beam. A surface of the cooling element is held in contact with the tissue being treated while at least one other surface of the cooling element is cooled by the evaporation of a cryogenic fluid. The cooling is coordinated with the application of the laser beam so as to control the temperatures of all affected layers of tissues. In a preferred embodiment useful for removal of wrinkles and spider veins, the cooling element is a sapphire plate. A cryogenic spray cools the top surface of the plate and the bottom surface of the plate is in contact with the skin. In preferred embodiments the wavelength of the laser beam is chosen so that absorption in targeted tissue is low enough so that substantial absorption occurs throughout the targeted tissue. In a preferred embodiment for treating large spider veins with diameters in the range of 1.5 mm, Applicants use an Er:Glass laser with a wavelength of 1.54 microns. In another embodiment a cooling rod is used. A first surface is in contact with the skin surface being treated and an opposite surface is contained in an anticondensation oil chamber that is optically connected to a laser beam delivering fiber optic cable. In this preferred embodiment the temperature of the rod is monitored with a thermocouple which provides a feedback signal to a processor which controls the cooling and the laser power to provide proper regulation of temperatures at all affected tissue layers. Preferred embodiments the device may be used for treating port wine stains especially those stains involving relatively deep larger blood vessels which as indicated in the Background section are not well treated with photothermalyses techniques using highly preferentially absorbed wavelengths of about 530 nm and 575 to 590 nm.
FIG. 1 is a drawing of the cooling rod hand piece for the subsurface light energy delivery with circumferential cooling of the cooling rod.
FIG. 1A shows the device being used to coagulate a large blood vessel.
FIGS. 2 is a time graph showing temperature changes below the skin surface.
FIGS. 3A and 3B show a partially masked cooling rod.
FIG. 4 shows a rod with the lens-type tip surface.
FIGS. 5A and 5B is a second preferred embodiment.
FIG. 6A and 6B show a drawing of the horizontally positioned cooling rod.
FIGS. 7A1-7 and 7B1-7 are temperature profile charts.
FIGS. 8A and 8B show the effect of two different wavelength beams on a blood vessel.
FIG. 8C shows blood vessel coagulation.
FIG. 9 is a drawing of a preferred embodiment using a plate-type cooling element with non-circumferential cooling of the cooling element.
FIGS. 10A and 10B show a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention can be described by reference to the figures.
A section of human skin with a cooling cryogenic rod device 1 in accordance with the present invention is shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 1 shows a cryogenic container 11 that also serves as a handle for the device. A nozzle 19 with a valve 12 and a valve-opening actuator 5 provides for a cryogenic spray onto the portion of sapphire rod 16 within cryogenic cooling chamber 17. In this embodiment the cryogen is Tetrafluoethan. The cryogenic mist exhausts through port 18. An anti condensation oil chamber 15 contains collimating lens 9, a fiber holder 14 optically connecting delivery fiber optic cable 13 and a transparent optical oil, which in this embodiment is microscopic immersion oil. In this embodiment the laser beam is provided by an Er:Glass pulse laser producing 25 Joule 2 ms pulses at a wavelength of 1.54 microns and at pulse rates of 1 Hz or 0.5 Hz. The spot size is about 7 mm2. The laser output is adjusted to provide energy fluence on the skin surface of about 25J/cm2 per pulse. With a spot size of 7 mm2, the energy per pulse is about 1.7J. A thermocouple 8 is insulated from rod 16 and senses the temperature of the skin surface and provides a feedback signal to processor 30 which controls delivery of the cryogen spray via actuator 5 and the laser pulses through the laser controls (not shown). Also shown on FIG. 1 is �ready� light 7 and battery 6 which powers the light and the thermocouple. FIG. 1 also shows a section of human skin including epidermis E, dermis D and a subcutaneous fat SCF.
The section of skin is first cleaned with alcohol to remove moisture to prevent a condensation on the contacting surface of the rod and in order to dehydrate the skin surface to reduce the epidermal damage from the light interaction with water. When the valve of the nozzle is opened the cryogen coolant is sprayed micro drops into the cooling chamber. The cryogenic mist flows around the sapphire. The micro drops contact the rod and vaporize from the surface of the rod by the rod heat reducing the rod temperature dramatically fast. The whole rod becomes cold almost instantly because of the high thermoconductivity of sapphire. The sapphire rod cools the surface of the skin by heat exchange.
A preferred application of the device shown in FIG. 1 is for spider vein removal. The operator presses the tip of the device against the skin as shown in FIG. 1 and presses the on button. The processor opens valve 12 permitting cryogen flow. The processor 30 monitors the skin temperature via thermocouple 8 and assures that the skin temperature is not below 0 C for more than 1 second. When processor 30 determines that the temperature of the surface has dropped to a desired low temperature at a desired rate, such as −15 C in a time period of 0.30 to 0.40 seconds, the �lasing� light indicator is switched-on and the processor will direct the laser to fire a pulse. The energy of the 1.7J pulse is dissipated in a distance of about 1.0 mm. With the spot size of about 7 mm2 means that the energy is absorbed in about 0.007 gram of tissue. Since the specific heat of tissue is roughly 4J/gmC, each pulse will heat the skin by an average of about 50 C. But since the energy absorption by blood is about twice that of skin tissue in general, blood temperature is preferably increased about twice as much as the surrounding tissue. Thus, tissue cooled to −15 C will after the laser pulse be at a temperature of about 35 C which is close to normal skin temperature. As shown is FIG. 1A blood in spider vein 30 just below the epidermis which prior to the laser pulse is at a temperature of about 25 C will be heated to slightly over 70 C to destroy the vein tissue. FIG. 2 shows graphs of the temperature of the skin at points 100 microns below the skin surface (near the bottom boundary of the epidermis) and 400 microns below the surface of the skin (at the center of a 200 micron diameter spider vein) during the above described process. The reader should note that the tissue at a depth of 100 microns is below 0 C for about 100 milliseconds and that the tissue at 400 microns is above 70 C for about 100 milliseconds. It is well known that tissue is not adversely affected by subfreezing temperatures in this range until the time periods are more than about 500 ms. On the other hand, however temperatures in excess of 70 degrees for about 10 ms will coagulate the tissue.
The processor will stop the lasing if thermocouple 8 indicates an excessive temperature which in this procedure would be about 60 C. The thermocouple 8 is preferably calibrated to the temperature of the skin located in one millimeter from the rod edge. The difference between the temperature of the skin under the rod and in 1 mm from the rod edge is varied from 10 C to 20 C and depending upon the rod design. Applicant has performed computer simulations to determine temperature profiles in the case of laser treatments, at wavelengths of 585 nm, 632 nm, 1064 nm, 1340 nm, and 1540 nm, with and without surface cooling. FIGS. 7A1-7 show the effects of a 20J/cm2, 0.54 mm diameter blood vessel, and 0.5 mm below the skin surface, with no surface cooling. FIGS. 7B1-7 represent similar conditions with surface cooling with a −15� C. sapphire glass rod for 0.5 sec. These simulations show the advantages of the Nd:YAG at 1064 nm, the Nd:YAP at 1340 nm and the Er:Glass at 1540 nm as compared to the shorter wavelength lasers that are more highly absorptive in blood. This effect is seen clearly by comparing FIG. 8A to FIG. 8B. As shown in FIG. 8A the 585 nm pulse coagulates blood at the top of the vessel but does not penetrate sufficiently to coagulate blood deeper in the vessel. On the other hand the 1540 nm pulse provides substantially uniform heating and coagulation of the vessel. FIG. 8C shows zones of cooling and coagulation in skin tissue.
Mechanical contact, optical, electrical or other sensor can be used to trigger the time delay circuit after the cold rod touches the skin for the definite time. The time delay is defined by the procedure and by the anatomical structure of the skin and blood vessel.
It is known that an effective treatment for the removal of wrinkles is to destroy a line of tissue just below the epidermis at the bottom of the wrinkle valley. Scar tissue forms in the place of the destroyed tissue pushing up the bottom of the valley and effectively removing the wrinkle. The problem is how do you destroy the tissue below the epidermis without also destroying the epidermis and thus replacing an ugly wrinkle with an ugly scar. The present invention provides the solution. Using substantially the same procedure as described above, the tissue at the bottom of the wrinkle valley is destroyed without any significant damage to the epidermis. Details and parameters are outlined below.
The laser device used in this preferred embodiment is a free running mode Er:Glass pulse laser that has the spike in the range of 1.54 microns. Light in this range has minimal scattering losses in the skin tissue and is readily absorbed in the skin fluids. Laser parameters such as pulse width, energy density, repetition rate can be selected to best fit the skin and the treated lesion of the patients. The parameters for two specific examples which have been utilized with good results for wrinkle removal and leg vein treatment are shown in Table 1:
Each point on the skin receives a high energy density illumination for about 2 milliseconds. Some of the light is reflected. Of the light which is not reflected a significant portion of the energy of each pulse penetrates to the depth up to 1-1.5 mm and is absorbed by the skin fluids.
Operating within the parameters specified is important. They have been chosen to preferentially cool the skin surface protecting epidermis and to heat the subepidertnal collagen or blood vessels to the level of irreversible changes in the coagulated skin tissue and blood vessel proteins. It must be chosen so that a large amount of energy is deposited in the skin quickly so that the temperature of the targeted tissue rises rapidly to about or slightly above 70� C. The cooling applied to the surface for about half a second is enough to protect epidermis from the temperature increasing to 70 C. Thus the above procedure can be used effectively for treatment spider veins.
In another embodiment of the present invention the Nd:YAG laser is used. The wavelength of the beam is at 1.06 microns. Light at this wavelength has a very low absorption in skin tissue and in interstitial fluids. Absorption in blood is also low but is about twice that of general skin tissue and interstitial fluids. Therefore, this wavelength is very good for treating telagiactasia with dimensions in the range of 1 mm and greater and large spider veins in the range of 1.5 mm. Table 2 gives some preferred parameters for treating a 1 mm telagiactasia and a 1.5 mm-spjider vein.
A long pulse Nd:YAG with a pulse width of about 100-200ms. Pulses in this range have been utilized with good results for destruction of skin tumor angiogenesis and coagulation of hair follicular blood vessels at depths of up to 5.0 mm. Some preferred parameters are given in Table 3. Preferably, cooling is provided for a period of about 1 to 2 seconds prior to the illumination.
Estimation of temperature rise in skin can be made by calculating laser light fluence in skin and estimating energy deposition per unit volume of skin. Effect of contact skin surface cooling was accounted based on the solution of heat transfer equations.
In order to choose proper light fluence in skin the following optical properties of tissue have been used:
At a wavelength of 1.54 micron, absorption in tissues is determined primarily by their water content. Water content of whole blood is more then 90%, whereas in dermis and epidermis it is about twice less. For this reason absorption of IR radiation and temperature rise in blood is about two times higher than in surrounding dermis tissue. Once fluence in the skin is calculated and a depth of absorption is estimated, the temperature rise ΔT due to light absorption can be roughly estimated as follows:
where skin density is about 1.15 g/cm3 and specific heat of skin about 3.8J/Cgm.
Effect of skin surface cooling on temperature distribution in skin have been estimated by solving heat transfer equation in semi infinite skin tissue with boundary conditions corresponding to constant −5� C. temperature of the surface (or other constant temperature of the sapphire rod). Temperature distribution in � C. in skin then can be calculated by formula:
where erf refers to the Gausian error function, and z is the depth into the tissue, t is time lapse in seconds from the start of the contact skin cooling and α=10−4(cm2/sec) is thermal diffusivity of skin dermis. Skin temperature was found by superposition of laser heating and surface cooling effects.
Various elaborate computer programs are available for more precise estimate of temperature distribution within the skin as a function of time. Applicants have made analysis using a Monte-Carlo computer code specifically modified for skin thermodynamic analysis and some of the results are shown in FIGS. 7A1-7 and 7B1-7 which were discussed above. Cooling experiments have been performed by using different configurations of the cooling element for the different applications. For these applications, one of the alternative embodiments is recommended.
The reader should understand that devices according to the present invention work by destroying living tissue. Hopefully the destroyed tissue is unwanted tissue and is quickly replaced by new tissue produced by the body's natural ability to repair damaged and destroyed skin tissue. Care should be taken to minimize unwanted tissue destruction. Applicants recommend that tests be performed prior to use of the device in the manner disclosed above. A test station could be constructed using a plastic material having thermal properties similar to human skin and equipping it with fast response thermocouples located at various depths and positions below the surface. The thermocouples should be connected to the real time monitors so that the technician and the patient can see the thermal effects produced by the device prior to actual use on the patient.
A second embodiment involves the use of a cryogenically cooled diamond cooling element as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B. The device consists of copper holder 24, which has a cryogenic container 21. Synthetic diamond cooling element 23 is in the shape of a flattened cylinder and contains a circular groove through which cryogenic mist flows. The mist exits at the exit port 26.
The flattened diamond rod is transparent to the laser beam. It is applied to the part of the cleaned skin to be treated. The nozzle valve opens the shutter and the cryogenic spray flows to the chamber around this window. When the window is cold the �ready� light will be switched-on. The energy delivery procedure can be started. This device is good for the large area irradiation such as subsurface tumor interstitial thermotherapy with a high frequency electromagnetic radiation.
A third embodiment for practicing this invention is to use a patterned rod to the surface of the skin in order to have damaged and healthy areas under the skin surface. FIGS. 3A and 3B show rod 31 with the perpendicular grooves 32 filled with copper stripes 33.
A laser light is sent through the cooled rod to the surface of the skin does not penetrate through the copper stripes. But the contacting surface of the rod has an almost uniform temperature distribution. It means that the surface of the skin is cooled uniformly. But under skin damage is not uniform having irradiated and not irradiated healthy spots. The reason to have these healthy untouched spots around the damaged tissue is to use the capacity of healthy spot tissue and cells for the fast immune response and wound healing process.
This embodiment is essentially the same as the first one described above except that the rod tip, which is connected to the fiber optics has concave form for the self-collimating beam properties. FIG. 4 shows a cooling element with the lens-type tip surface. For such an element, it does not require a collimated lens and can be replaced by the transparent disk-type window in the oil chamber.
This embodiment is essentially the same as the first one described above except that the cylindrical element is placed in the cooling chamber horizontally (see FIGS. 6A and 6B). The reader should note that the rod could be of different shapes to provide desired beam profiles on the skin surface or to focus the beam. The focal point (or focal line) could be under the skin to help concentrate the beam energy in target locations.
The device disclosed herein can be used in reverse. That is, surface tissue destruction can be provided by the very cold surface of the tip of the sapphire rod. Preferably, the skin is pre-warmed with a low energy laser pulse of about one-half the values specified above which should cause no damage but will provide warmth which will minimize tissue destruction caused below the surface. This process is good for freezing of warts and certain types of surface skin cancers.
In an additional embodiment pre and post cooling is provided by transparent circular part 20 as shown in FIG. 9 preferably comprised of sapphire. In this case the exhaust from chamber 17 flows through port 21 onto the surface of the circular sapphire part 20 to cool it. This cool surface which will be at a temperature above 0 C prevents the epidermis from being overheated from the hotter lower dermis. This permits the technician to move the laser beam rapidly across the skin surface. The illuminated portion of the skin is both pre-cooled and post-cooled.
Another preferred embodiment is shown in FIGS. 10A and B. Solenoid valve 50 is controlled by microprocessor 52 to provide a controlled spray from cryogen can 53 on sapphire plate 54 which cools skin surface 565. The temperature of plate 54 is monitored using thermocouple 58. Temperature data is displayed on display 60. The operator has manual control of the spray with switch 62 as desired or the spray can be automatically controlled with processor 52 based on temperature data from thermocouple 58. In a preferred process the operator holds a laser device in one hand and the cooling device in the other. He moves the cooling device in the direction of arrow 64 and the laser beam is directed as shown at 66. As in the paragraph above sapphire plate 54 provides both pre and post cooling as the cooling device is moved along the skin surface. FIG. 10B shows a bottom view of plate 54. In this example the laser beam applicator (not shown specifically) and the cooling device are handled separately, but they could be mounted together as one unit.
It is very important for all of these embodiments and in other embodiments that will be apparent to persons skilled in the art that the cooling rod has a very high thermoconductivity coefficient and low absorption of the irradiating light. The substance used for the cryogenic cooling can be chosen based on the particular application. The important thing is to use a proper time of cooling in order to reach a required low temperature of the tissue at the required depth. Persons skilled in the art will recognize that certain material and configuration of the rod, container, coolant and connector will be preferred for different skin type, different lesions and different applications. The reader should note that the preferred embodiment of this invention can be used without this laser to provide cryogenic treatment to surface skin lesions. The same skin cooling can be provided with about {fraction (1/10)} the cryogen as direct open spray. An important application of the device for cryogenic treatment is to promote lymphatic drainage by cold therapy. Skin rejuvenation begins with flushing of the lymphatic system to remove dead proteins and other debris. Thermal receptors in the lymphatic system are effectively stimulated by the presence of cold applied to the skin surface. Current techniques for lymphatic drainage by cold therapy include spray and ice, both of which are messy and offer poor control of the skin temperature. The device shown in FIGS. 10A and B is useful for lymphatic drainage due to its compact hand held design, disposable canisters and accurate control of the skin temperature.
While the above description contains many specifications, the reader should not construe these as limitations on the scope of the invention, buy merely as exemplifications of preferred embodiments thereof. Those skilled in the art will envision many other possible variations are within its scope. Accordingly the reader is requested to determine the scope of the invention by the appended claims and their legal equivalents, and not by the examples which have been given.
Patent Citations
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Rob Ford: I'm 'deeply ashamed' for racial slurs
He apologizes for "unacceptable" comments when he was mayor.
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It's still far from certain that he will avoid a runoff.
Education at heart of Chicago mayor's race
Local and national unions have made Emanuel a top target, pouring resources into the effort to oust him.
A streetcar not desired?
An attempt to foster a nationwide streetcar renaissance has run into roadblocks.
Chi-town opens arms to China
Rahm Emanuel embraces the country as he looks to give his city an economic boost.
The Mayor Lobby
Thirteen city leaders on what Washington could do for them—but isn't.
Detroit with a Boardwalk
Why Atlantic City is dying.
Scrunched in Seattle
How micro-apartments are luring millennials into the city by taking size and rent to a new low.
Emanuel reelection bid gets boost
Karen Lewis, the Chicago Teachers Union president, decides not to run against the mayor.
What Works: Mayors on innovation
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The city's revival is great for hipsters and millennials. Not its poorest residents.
A tour of America's most conservative cities
There are a few urban holdouts where populations lean Republican and policies lean conservative.
Are conservative cities better?
Welcome to Mesa, Arizona—the land of Goldwater, Arpaio and a new kind of urbanism.
De Blasio praises Obama on Iraq
But the NYC mayor says that officials are taking potential threats "very, very seriously."
Baltimore mayor hospitalized
Stephanie Rawlings-Blake complained of chest pains during the Star-Spangled Banner celebration.
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subset: commoncrawl


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could someone with a bell 6806 copy and post the first 40 odd lines (or a zip of the whole thing) of the build.prop? I'll see if i cant build a ftf for bell phones
Sorry, not enpugh to get Sony to thing that my C6802 is a Bell C6805
*cough* @blueether
Sent from my C6833 using Tapatalk
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MSI DC111-027XEU Wind Box Desktop PC (Intel Celeron 1.8GHz, 500GB HDD, 4GB RAM, Wi-Fi, USB 3.0, HDMI, 3-in-1 Card...by MSI£238.05 £285.99Only 3 left in stock - order soon.More buying choices
MSI WIND BOX 108XP Media Center SMART PC (Intel Celeron 1.8 GHz Dual Core processor,RAM 4 GB DDR3 ,HDD 1000 GB...by MSI£295.08 £399.09Only 2 left in stock - order soon.
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Amazon.co.uk: Desktops
Welcome to the Amazon.co.uk Desktop Store, where you can shop a wide range of desktop PCs, including towers, all-in-ones and ultra-small form factors at a price to suit your budget and a specification to suit your needs.
With desktop PCs available from a wide range of brands including, Dell, Zoostorm, Apple, Lenovo and Asus, you're guaranteed to find the right model for you. Desktops come in a range of sizes and prices from the low-end barebone desktop PCs to high-end models built with gaming in mind.


text:
caesarstone fabricators in northern VA that will do runnels?
rachelgoldbergOctober 14, 2013
This is a longshot, but anyone out there know of a caesarstone fabricator in northern Viriginia that will carve runnels or a drainboard into the caesarstone right next to the sink? I've talked with 3 fabricators in the region. The first, who has the best prices for the countertops themselves will charge a fortune to carve runnels ($1,000!). The second would charge $690, but the overall counter top price is significantly higher than others. The third just doesn't do runnels at all. Any suggestions?
Get a sink with a built-in drainboard. Much less expensive fabrication and easier cleanup.
Here is a link that might be useful: Sink


text: Return to Academics Quick links for Faculty Directory Courses Forms Bannerweb Prospective Students Plan Your Visit Courses Course Requirements Sustainability at Middlebury Current Students Courses Course Requirements ES Foci Advisors Requirements Checklists Middlebury Forms Student Resources Environmental Studies Dept_hdrs.EnviroREV1.jpg Environmental Studies About the Program Courses Learning Goals for the Major Requirements Faculty & Office Hours Resources Facilities Student & Faculty Work Events Calendar & News Video archives The Nile Project Tuesday, March 31 through Thursday, April 2nd The Nile Project, inspired by Yo-Yo Ma's Silk Road Project, hopes to spread the musical traditions of the 11 countries touching the Nile, using music to raise awareness for the area's environmental and cultural challenges. Middlebury will host 4 days of residency activities, all culminating in a high-energy concert on Thursday, April 2. Visit the Environmental Events Calendar for more information. ENVS Colloquium colloquiumforsite.jpg Thursdays, 12:30-1:20pmThe Orchard (Hillcrest 103) Weekly speakers, research, and discussion about the environmentSpring 2015 Schedule Molly Costanza-Robinson, Program DirectorHillcrest 207Franklin Environmental email@example.com Chelsea GriggsProgram CoordinatorHillcrest 214Franklin Environmental CenterMon - Fri, 9 a.m. - 2 firstname.lastname@example.com Site Editor Log On Home » Academics » Environmental Studies » Resources On Campus Sustainability Integration Office Center for Careers and Internships Study Abroad Library and Technology Scholarships & Awards Scott A. Margolin '99 ES Award Udall Scholarship in Environmental Studies Program in Environmental Studies Franklin Environmental Center at Hillcrest531 College StreetMiddlebury CollegeMiddlebury, VT 05753


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Feb 19, 2013
Issue #44 - Best of 2012 - Grimes
The lines between reality and fiction are blurred in Cult. The CW series is a frame narrative about a shallow, self-important reporter, Jeff Sefton (Matt Davis, The Vampire Diaries) and an overeager research assistant, Skye Yarrow (Jessica Lucas, Melrose Place). Together, they are trying to figure out what happened to Sefton's brother, whose mysterious disappearance may be linked to a television show. The audience is witness to that fictitious show-within-a-show, a story about a disturbing but fascinating cult leader, Billy Grimm (Robert Knepper, Prison Break) and the determined police detective, Kelly Collins (Alona Tal, Supernatural), who is out to get him. It is hard to keep the two shows separated, and that's the whole point. The show-within-the-show feels so much like the "real" story that when its closing credits roll, one expects that the actual CW show is the one that is finishing. Knepper is the most compelling thing about Cult, but he's on his own there. Despite its attempts at mystery, intrigue, and creepiness, Cult doesn't have the requisite magnetism or acting to develop an actual following. (www.cwtv.com/shows/cult)
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Tanner Foust Returns To Formula Drift In A 900 Horsepower VW Passat
Top Gear USA host, Rally America veteran, and former double Formula Drift champion Tanner Foust is returning to Formula D in a 900 horsepower Volkswagen Passat. Yes. A Passat. »
Top Gear USA host, Rally America veteran, and former double Formula Drift champion Tanner Foust is returning to Formula D in a 900 horsepower Volkswagen Passat. Yes. A Passat. » 2/23/15 12:29pm 2/23/15 12:29pm
Heading into the semifinals at the Red Bull Global Rallycross season finale in Las Vegas at The LINQ, Ken Block is within 10 points of his first series title. » 11/05/14 8:00pm 11/05/14 8:00pm
JALOPNIK READERS: Get 20% off your tickets with the code JALOP at http://www.redbullglobalrallycross.com/LV! » 10/28/14 4:04pm 10/28/14 4:04pm
The Petersen Automotive Museum celebrated the penultimate day before major renovation at its 2014 Bold Moves Gala. New partnerships were announced and three industry icons were honored at this annual benefit for the Robert E. Petersen Free School Bus Program. The fund-raising efforts more than doubled last year's… » 10/20/14 2:57pm 10/20/14 2:57pm
Look, we at Red Bull Global Rallycross are huge fans of stage rally, just like you. We're well-versed in the heritage of the sport (especially the Group B era) and we love kicking up dirt in the woods just as much as you do. That's why we're so excited to bring you these photos (all taken by official series… » 10/03/14 11:19am 10/03/14 11:19am
It's here, and it's spectacular. » 9/19/14 1:07pm 9/19/14 1:07pm
With two Red Bull Global Rallycross races stacked back-to-back in Los Angeles, we had to come up with two lists of favorite places to drive in the Los Angeles area. Yesterday we brought you Rhys "Mad Skills" Millen's list—today, we bring you the list of two-time series champion Tanner Foust. » 9/16/14 3:14pm 9/16/14 3:14pm
This thing looks absolutely mental. » 9/11/14 4:07pm 9/11/14 4:07pm
Global Rallycross is the motorsport of the moment. Rally cars drifting and jumping all in a stadium? Sign us up! And since they're holding their first New York event this weekend, Andretti Autosport drivers Tanner Foust and Scott Speed will be here for an hour to answer all your questions. Let's go! » 7/17/14 2:48pm 7/17/14 2:48pm
The boys from Top Gear USA have a school bus. They have a snowy lot. They also have Tanner Foust, who is decent at driving. Combine all of that together, and you have something seriously entertaining. » 6/23/14 4:40pm 6/23/14 4:40pm
Step 1. Cover the 2015 Volkswagen GTI in dozens of GoPro cameras. Step 2. Give it to Tanner Foust. Step 3. Profit, I guess? Or just sit back and watch the crazy video that results. » 6/03/14 12:15pm 6/03/14 12:15pm
In the World Rally Championship, a Volkswagen Polo is the weapon VW deploys to annihilate the competition. But for Global RallyCross, they're about to unleash a nasty beast of a Beetle that no one will be making flower vase jokes about. » 2/06/14 8:13am 2/06/14 8:13am
While at Ford's GRC press event, I had the chance to talk to Tanner Foust, and, like any time I get to talk to anyone important, I asked a bunch of inane questions. Fortunately, Tanner had some really good answers for me. » 8/05/13 12:48pm 8/05/13 12:48pm
Last year at the X Games, Hot Wheels had Tanner Foust and Greg Tracy drive through a double loop, like the type we all made as kids. Except this time the cars didn't crash into each other and make a mess on your floor. This is how they did it. » 8/02/13 4:40pm 8/02/13 4:40pm
We caught up with Top Gear USA's Tanner Foust at X Games Barcelona to see what he's up to and ask about how talented his co-stars really are behind the wheel. » 5/23/13 2:48pm 5/23/13 2:48pm
This hasn't come up in quite some time. It's actually Ray Wert era Jalopnik, but I was just daydreaming about my trip to LA to see the first episode of what would eventually be the first of two different Top Gear USA series. I assume nothing ever came of the Jalopnik challenge as I'm sure the pilot would have ended… » 4/10/13 4:44pm 4/10/13 4:44pm
When we were first alerted to the existence of poorly shot, poorly edited YouTube videos made by a replica car manufacturer that featured Tanner Foust and clips from Top Gear, it raised a number of red flags. What was Foust (and Steven Spielberg) doing endorsing this company? Can they really make you a Saleen S7 for… » 3/19/13 2:44pm 3/19/13 2:44pm
Why did Top Gear USA host and hooning legend Tanner Foust bring a Ford SVT Raptor to the Nürburgring? Because he could, that's why, which is the best reason to do something like this.
» 3/07/13 3:09pm 3/07/13 3:09pm
As if it wasn't already clear, the three men atop American-flavored Top Gear are in love with cars to an unhealthy degree. Tanner Foust once offered to race our press Lincoln MKT and Rutledge Wood, of course, sold me his damn car. They are like us, the only question is to what degree? » 1/15/13 7:00pm 1/15/13 7:00pm
Global Rally Cross Ends In SEMA With A Slidey, Smokey Finish Tanner Foust sealed up the Global Rallycross Championship at the season finale at SEMA. He may have won, but the star of the show was Brian Deegan, who dove into second place and drove the rest of the race completely sideways. It was fantastically hoony. » 10/31/12 10:46am 10/31/12 10:46am


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By Digital Legends Entertainment
Open iTunes to buy and download apps.
Run, shoot, laugh and respawn!
Join the fun with this trigger-happy, action packed, third person shooter.
Play Offline or Online for FREE for endless hours of fun: complete challenges, join a team, or just kill them ALL!
…you are NOT expendable, you are… RESPAWNABLE!
"Win or lose, Respawnables is still an incredibly fun and addicting shooter" - 148Apps.com
"Respawnables is a perfect fit for smartphones and tablets" - Modojo.com
"Action packed, fast paced gameplay in Respawnables" - FAAD
---Offline Missions Mode ---
- More than 185 single missions to complete
- Fast paced gameplay for brisk fun
- Short battles for entertainment on the go
--- Online Multiplayer Modes ---
- Seamless connection and matchmaking
- Two modes: Free For All & Team VS
- WiFi and 3G/4G connections enabled
--- Make it your own ---
- 60+ customization items with attributes
- 30+ killer weapons
- Progressive skill tree
- Gadgets and boosters
- Various maps
--- More Awesome Features ---
- Superb quality 3D cartoon style
- Colorful retina display graphics
- Ultra smooth controls
- Fast paced with an amazingly funny vibe
- Offline & Online playing modes
- Lots of mix-&-match content to unlock
- Sharing via Twitter or Facebook available
- Game Center Leaderboards & Achievements
- Log in to Game Center and/or Facebook to play with your friends
- Please note -
- This is a universal App and requires iOS 4.3 or later
- Works with iPhone 5s, iPhone 5c, iPhone 5, iPhone 4s, iPhone 4, iPod touch (5th & 4th gen) and the iPad Air, iPad Mini with Retina display, iPad Mini, New iPad with Retina display, iPad 2 & iPad
- Log in with your Game Center account to play on multiples devices and for online profile support
- This game is free to play, but extra content can be purchased with real money, to restrict in-app purchases adjust the settings on your device
- Supports Game Controllers made for iPhone and iPod touch. Game Controller support requires iOS 7 or later and is compatible with iPhone 5, iPhone 5s, iPhone 5c, and iPod touch (5th generation)
What's New in Version 2.8.0
Its spring and Easter is almost here. Welcome to the Egg Hunt!
Time to join the Hunt, go outside and collect as many Easter Eggs as you can to win lots of prizes for free!
Play the event and win the Easter Bunny Set. It gives you 21% extra Agility and has special abilities that will help you on the hunt, such as Easter Egg attraction, full protection against Easter Grenades and Easter Egg radar.
Only the best players will get the New Hunter Shotgun! This exclusive event top prize weapon has a very special power, it gives you free Gold for every Bunny player you hunt down during the event. Use it to rack up as much Gold as you can!
During Egg Hunt make sure you use the Easter Grenades and Super Easter Grenades. These colorful gadgets will increase your chances of getting an Easter Egg from your enemies by 50% & 100%.
Get the Easter Bunny Kit if you want get ready for the Hunt. This bundle includes the full Easter Bunny Set and 75 Super Easter Grenades. Plus, it will help you skip 3 tiers in the event!
Want to excel in the Hunt? Get the exclusive Warrior Bunny Kit! This limited time bundle includes the exclusive Warrior Bunny set, with 21% extra agility and even better event abilities, the Original Hunter Rifle that gives you Gold for every Bunny you hunt and an exclusive Hunter Rifle Skin. Start getting free Gold from day 1 in the Hunt!
-- Thank you all for your support, new updates and events coming soon! --
Customer Reviews
Great game but glitches 👌👌👌
I enjoyed playing respawnables, Infact one of the best free games out there. The speed, the weapon collection, the games scenario (multiplayer, missions, free for all: like egg hunt) all amazing and impressive. My concerns are: add new scenarios like we just have eight different scenes, add news weapons and body suits, increase the chance of getting more money, the free gold is good, add level to a 100 with different exciting missions, fix the glitches in free for all as it kicks me out all the time "connection error". I want to enjoy more but I can't because of the crashes.. I love this game, I can spend the whole day playing the game. Please release the new update soon, may be after the egg hunt 2 with all the new exciting features and different missions. Catch on respawnables as the "invincible". I recommend anyone to download the game and join us to have fun. For the mean time pls fix... Thanks! 👍👍👍
Best game ever
This game is amazing digital legends and don't change anything about it keep doing what ur doing and don't listen to the people that want the cricket back it was just an unfair weapon and it had to be nerfed if it wasn't nerfed new players would get owned so badly they would hate this game the people that use the cricket need to learn how to play a game a different way not just with one gun that can dominate even if ur a noob all the noobs can beat all the elite players with the cricket and that's not right every gun that was good in this game mostly has been nerfed and when all the guns are nerfed and the crickets not its just not fair so everyone play the game a different way and adapt digital legend are amazing best game ever
I Enjoy... and Hate this game
Keeps losing levels and armored outfits guns etc. I was at level 55 built it back up to level 55.
2 times before. A better way to save games. Needs to be used or a sync now button would help out a great deal, Other than that it's a pretty good game.
I truly enjoy playing this with other family members and others online when I can get the game to connect to there servers.
The only thing I dislike is the fact that they don't inform you about the updates size of the downloads ,there no way I can keep track of my data without this info
- Free
- Category: Games
- Updated: Mar 20, 2015
- Version: 2.8.0
- Size: 90.3 MB
- Languages: English, Chinese, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish
- Seller: Digital Legends Entertainment SL
- © 2012-2015 Digital Legends Entertainment SL
Compatibility: Requires iOS 4.3 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. This app is optimized for iPhone 5.
Top In-App Purchases
- Little Extra Gold$2.99
- Big Fortune$9.99
- The New Rich$4.99
- Post of Gold$19.99
- Bank Deposit $4.99
- Money Case$9.99
- Extra Payday$2.99
- MIB Noisy cricket$14.99


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DJ Smooth Hopperator
9 pm, Monday October 28 | Free.
Ash Street Saloon
225 SW Ash St.
225 SW Ash St.
Where: Ash Street Saloon
Phone: 226-0430
Address: 225 SW Ash St.
Website: www.ashstreetsaloon.com
Post5 Theatre collection of six one-act plays by absurdist playwright Christopher Durang, touches on grave issues but doesn't go deep. Instead, Durang glosses over anything too se ...


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Top Definition
This is when a non-technical person gets intellectually "clubbed to death" by technical terms or geeks in meetings, making the person feel stupid or inadequate because it's not their area of expertise or interest. The techno-clubber ALWAYS talks at warp speed and is very impatient.
"Oh you know, it's when the whatzit links to the browser and then we click here and here and here and then you save it in this format and copy it to the other thing. It's easy."
"I felt techno-clubbed by that IT guy back there."
"I felt techno-clubbed by that IT guy back there."
by Old but Not Stupid October 01, 2013


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CPP's Research Services help you get the most out of your CPP assessments through
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text:
Add To Shopping Cart
Add to My Wishlist
Federal V3 FA Freecoaster Hub
The Federal V3 FA freecoaster hub has a CNC machined aluminum hub shell with proven KHE internals, 1-pc chromoly driver with angular contact bearing (ACB) for additional side load support and a new 14mm chromoly center axle with hollow 3/8"x24tpi axle bolts to save weight. The V3 hub also features an additional thrust bearing behind the clutch that uses needle bearings to reduce drag during back-pedaling. Includes 3 slack adjustment washers for fine tuning.
OE Replacement PartsCenter Axle: 14mm hollow chromolyAxle Bolts: 3/8"x24tpi HollowDriver: 1-pc ChromolyDriver Bearings: 7802-14 (x2)Driver Pawls: N/ADriver Spring: Included in axleHardware: ChromolyHub shell Bearings: 6202 (x1) non-drive side, 7905 ACB (x1) drive sideWeight: 21.6 oz
Dans Comp offers a variety of Hub Accessories to fit most BMX hubs.


text:
Goodreads helps you keep track of books you want to read.
Start by marking "Patents: Bubblewrap, Bottlecaps, Barbed Wire, and Other Ingenious Inventions" as Want to Read:
Patents: Bubblewrap, Bottlecaps, Barbed Wire, and Other Ingenious Inventions
by Ben Ikenson
Patents is covered in bubble wrap, one of man's more ingenious creations. It includes dozens of notable patents, from the airplane, brassiere, chain saw, and fire hydrant to the Internet, parachute, plunger, and zipper. The purpose of each device is explained in accessible language, along with background about the inventor, interesting sidebars and history, and an excerpt ...more
Hardcover, 288 pages
Published May 1st 2004 by Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers
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3 trivia questionsMore quizzes & trivia...


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Children's LiteratureThis book in the "Raintree Biographies" series explains Hopper's art within the context of his life from childhood to his death in 1967. Multiple reproductions of Hopper's paintings combine with highly interesting text to provide a comprehensive portrait of the artist, who was influenced by Europe but truly American in his subject matter and style. Sidebars feature quotes, provide facts (e.g., Hopper's lifelong love of the sea) and clarify relevant terms (e.g., etching). The tan faux-leather background of the pages sets off representative paintings, especially those that juxtapose light and shadow, as many of Hopper's paintings do. Backmatter includes a timeline, glossary, short list of books for further reading, and an index. Although the publisher indicates a reading level 2-3, both interest level and a Fry readability level of 7th grade peg this as a picture book for upper elementary to adult readers. One minor complaint: the cover photograph shows a middle-aged Everyman in business suit; the book must be opened to find Hopper the artist. Hopper's Self Portrait with Hat would have better represented both the man and his art. 2003, Raintree, Ages 8 up.
— Mary Bowman-Kruhm


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Doug Free flawless so far at left tackle
Tackle rewards Cowboys' confidence in him with spotless play at his new position
IRVING, Texas -- There is always uncertainty when you move any player to a new position.
Hudson Houck, the Dallas Cowboys' offensive line coach, wasn't concerned, however, when the team moved Doug Free from right to left tackle in the offseason.
The Cowboys made the move to get younger at the position, cutting a 30-something Flozell Adams for a 20-something Free. They figured they saw enough in Free in 2009, when he started seven games at right tackle for the injured Marc Colombo.
Free's move to the left side has worked well. After three games, the Cowboys' new left tackle hasn't allowed a sack or tackle and hasn't committed a penalty.
"He's playing awfully well," Houck said. "It just goes to show if you hang around long enough and you're dedicated in what you do and you got great preparation, look what can be done. He's got good talent and he's maximizing his talent, which is really good for us to see."
Free's opponents the first three weeks were outstanding pass rushers in Washington's Brian Orakpo, Chicago's Julius Peppers and Houston's Mario Williams.
Houck has graded Free higher than any offensive linemen on the team, and that includes two Pro Bowlers in center Andre Gurode and right guard Leonard Davis.
Coach Wade Phillips said Free has performed like a Pro Bowler the first month of the season and noted that the 2007 fourth-round pick from Northern Illinois is gaining confidence.
"Left tackle certainly was something that we were not positive on, but we thought he could do it," Phillips said of the offseason decision.
The Cowboys have plenty of trust in Free in several areas.
When it comes to the running game, Dallas has rushed 22 times toward Free's side and just 16 times to the right side, which was tied for third-fewest in the league heading into the Cowboys' bye in Week 4.
What has helped Free is that quarterback Tony Romo gets rid of the ball quickly, which minimizes the amount of stress Free is under. Dallas also gives Free help in the form of a tight end blocking on a defensive end or outside linebacker. Sometimes a running back will chip the defender to give Free extra time.
At Houston in Week 3, left guard Kyle Kosier knocked down Williams with a block as he was helping Free.
"You have to have confidence," Free said. "You don't know if you can do it until you really get out there and do it. I've had a good first three weeks and stuff, but you've got to play every game. There's a lot of the season left, a lot of talk now. It's great, but a lot of the season is left."
Houck said Free's preparation is beneficial to his game. In Cowboys' practices, he faces DeMarcus Ware and Anthony Spencer, two different types of pass rushers who help Free get his game plan together when he faces an opponent.
Ware, a combination of power and speed, gets Free ready for big strong pass rushers such as Peppers and Williams.
Spencer, who is not as tall as Ware but does possess strength and speed, allows Free to get ready for an Orakpo, who is fast.
More From ESPNDallas.com
Breaking news, analysis, report cards, predictions ... everything you need to know about the Dallas Cowboys' matchups can be found right here. Cowboys Center
Of all the offseason decisions the Cowboys made, promoting Free was an interesting one. He played mainly the right side until the playoff loss to Minnesota, when Adams went down with a calf injury.
Free showed the Cowboys he could play a little bit in that game, and it gave the organization confidence it could release Adams.
And in training camp, when Colombo went down with a knee injury, the Cowboys refused to move Free back to the right side and insert Alex Barron to his natural position as a left tackle. Phillips said at the time that Free's status with the club was at left tackle.
"It's a new guy each week," Houck said. "A guy will have a different move he will have to study. He did a good job at what that pass rusher does and what his best moves are and try to practice that. He's [just] graded out extremely well."
Calvin Watkins covers the Cowboys for ESPNDallas.com. You can follow him on Twitter or leave a question for his weekly mailbag.
Calvin WatkinsESPN.com
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3G vs. 4G: Real-world speed tests
Just how much faster is 4G, anyway? We compare Sprint's 3G and 4G networks.
Mobile workers who need always-on Internet access -- and who don't want to rely on public Wi-Fi hot spots -- often turn to a cellular network for connectivity, using either a 3G-equipped notebook or an external 3G modem. Now carriers are touting faster fourth-generation wireless networks as the next phase of mobile computing. But to make use of the new networks, you have to buy a 4G-capable device or modem and a new, often more-expensive service plan.
Is it worth the hassle and expense of upgrading to 4G? To answer that question, I pitted Sprint's WiMax service -- the first 4G service available in the New York metropolitan area, where I live -- against its 3G network in a series of real-world tests (see "How I tested").
Sprint 4G: What you need
As is the case with any wireless service, you need three things to get access: a network, a device for connecting and a service plan. Available in 62 cities, from Everett, Wash., to Tampa, Fla., Sprint's WiMax wireless service in the U.S. is known as Clear and is operated by Clearwire; it's based on the IEEE 802.16e specification. The network provides adequate coverage on the coasts (see map), but it's hit or miss in the middle of the country, and there are 12 states with no Sprint 4G service at all.
When you can't get a 4G connection, the fallback is to use Sprint's 3G network, which is based on EV-DO (Evolution Data Optimized) technology. It's available in all 50 states, although -- as is the case with other 3G networks -- there are huge holes in the upper Midwest. Sprint says that over the next two years, it will fill out a national 4G network.
In contrast, T-Mobile currently offers an upgraded High Speed Packet Access (HSPA+) 3G network. AT&T is also busy rolling out HSPA+ and is testing LTE (Long Term Evolution) technology for a planned commercial 4G rollout over the next two years.
Meanwhile, Verizon has just launched its own LTE network on a trial basis with limited coverage in 38 cities and 60 airports. The company says the network will be complete nationwide in 2013. Although it's not available in my suburb, Verizon LTE has been rolled out to some parts of the New York metro area, and I hope to test it in multiple locations soon.
The second part of the 4G puzzle is the connection device. The Sierra Wireless AirCard 250U modem that I used for testing weighs just 1.9 oz., connects to a laptop via a USB port, and can be folded up to less than an inch thick when not in use. The disk-shaped receiver, which measures about 2 in. across, can rotate and swivel up and down to get better reception. The device has a list price of $250, but it's free with a two-year Sprint contract.
The 250U works with systems running Windows 7, Vista or XP, or Mac OS X 10.5 or 10.6. Setting up the 250U on my Lenovo ThinkPad W510 with Windows 7 took about 10 minutes; it connected to the network on the first try.
Next: Software, service plan and speed tests
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Full detailed profile on Theresa (Jeannie) Donovan Black Played by Jen Lilley on Days of Our Lives Daytime Soap Opera.
Lilley (Brian To/WENN.com)
Theresa (Jeannie) Donovan Black
Actor: Jen Lilley
Who played Theresa (Jeannie) Donovan Black over the years
Jen Lilley (Wednesday July 3, 2013 - present.)
Useful information on Theresa (Jeannie) Donovan Black
* Jeannie was born September 3, 1990.
Current: Anne Milbauer's HR assistant at University Hospital.
Past: Jennifer Horton's Assistant PR at University Hospital.
Past: Unknown
Named after her father Shane Donovan's mother Margaret, who was nicknamed 'Jeannie', Kimberly and Shane thought Jeannie was Cal Winter's daughter. Paternity tests proved she was Shane's. Theresa was brought up by Kimberly Brady Donovan, seen as a child in the 90s and returned to Salem, alone, seen picking up JJ Horton. She took a job, given to her by her Aunt Kayla Johnson as an assistant to Jennifer Horton at University Hospital.
Brady Black Fling (Married Monday, July 14 2014)
Shane Donovan (father)
Kimberly Brady (mother)
Andrew Donovan IV (sister)
Eve Donovan (paternal half-sister)
Andrew Donovan II (paternal grandfather)
Margaret Donovan (paternal grandmother)
Shawn Brady (maternal grandfather - deceased)
Caroline Brady (maternal grandmother)
Pete Brady (maternal great-grandfather - deceased)
Patrick Aloysius Brady (maternal great-great-grandfather - deceased)
Nora Molly Brady (maternal great-great-grandfather - deceased)
Andrew Donovan III (paternal uncle)
Roman Brady (maternal uncle)
Kayla Johnson (maternal aunt)
Frankie Brady (adoptive maternal uncle)
Max Brady (adoptive maternal uncle)
Bo Brady (maternal half-uncle)
Carrie Brady Roberts Reed (maternal cousin)
Samantha Brady Horton DiMera Brady Hernandez (maternal cousin)
Eric Brady (maternal cousin)
Rex Brady (maternal cousin)
Cassie Brady (maternal cousin)
Stephanie Kay Johnson (maternal cousin)
Joey Johnson (maternal cousin)
Shawn-Douglas Brady (maternal half-cousin)
Chelsea Benson-Brady (maternal half-cousin)
Zack Brady (maternal half-cousin - deceased)
Ciara Brady (maternal half-cousin)
Colleen Brady (current) (maternal great-aunt - deceased)
Molly Brady (maternal great-aunt)
Colin Murphy (maternal first cousin - deceased)
John Black (maternal first cousin)
Will Horton (Current) (maternal first cousin)
Johnny Roman DiMera (maternal first cousin)
Alice (Allie) Caroline Horton (maternal first cousin)
Sydney Ann DiMera (maternal first cousin)
Claire Brady (maternal first half-cousin once removed/maternal second cousin)
Arianna Grace Horton (maternal first cousin)
Belle Black (maternal second cousin)
Brady Black (maternal second cousin)
There are no additional images yet
In the square, Nicole mutters about Daniel avoiding her. She sees Brady and heard he was in the hospital. Is he okay? Theresa appears looking like death warmed over and wants to know the answer to that, too. Brady takes Theresa aside and notes she's pale. She chalks it up to partying. She tells him about Melanie's visit and asks about the attack. He calls it random but says he's fine. She's glad.
Eve brings Cole back to her apartment. She wants his help in breaking JJ and Paige up but wants it kept confidential. He smirks but assures her she can trust him. Eve says she'll come up with a plan and contact him. He goes and Theresa arrives. She feels good because she made Melanie look bad in front of Brady. Eve notices she looks like crap. Theresa's battling a bad hangover and tells her Clint's back. Eve thinks he's a loser.
Theresa arrives home hurt to find Clint's brush off letter. "How could you do this to me again?" she whines.
Theresa is passed out in her bed as Melanie arrives. Clint is on his way out and drops vials of blood. When questioned, he's rude and covers saying he's a vet. She calls him a liar. Theresa wakes up groggy and Melanie asks if she's okay. She complains of a headache and Clint forcibly throws Melanie out. Clint puts Theresa back to bed and goes. Melanie returns and Theresa pulls herself out of bed and to the door to let her in. She runs to vomit while Melanie reads Clint's goodbye note, cringes, and then goes to take care of her archenemy. She notices a needle mark on Theresa's inner arm and exclaims. She wonders why Clint took blood from Brady and Theresa.
Click Here To Read Previous Related Archives On Theresa (Jeannie) Donovan Black »


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Lane to be closed on Martin Luther King Jr. ParkwaySubmitted by Ashley Cimino on Tue, 01/27/2015 - 11:02pm.READ MORE:
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Students hit the pavement to celebrate National Walk to School DaySubmitted by Allyson Lorick on Wed, 10/08/2014 - 12:10pm.READ MORE:
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We told you last night about Trucking Lane in Brunswick county that was damaged by Duke Energy. As promised, Duke Energy sent out contractors Thursday to fix the road. Full story...»
ONLY ON 3: On the road to resultsSubmitted by Chris Brown on Wed, 07/23/2014 - 10:13pm.READ MORE:
A Brunswick county road, one neighborhood's access to the outside world, could be in danger of washing away. A WWAY viewer sent us a message on Facebook asking for our help. Jean Sidbury says Duke Energy Progress did some tree trimming in her area a few weeks ago. She says their heavy equipment did some serious damage. Full story...»
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Anadarko Petroleum (APC -0.6%) and South Africa's PetroSA sign a farm-in deal for oil and gas...
Aug 17 2012, 11:13 ET | About: Anadarko Petroleum Corporation (APC) | By: Carl Surran, SA News Editor
Anadarko Petroleum (APC -0.6%) and South Africa's PetroSA sign a farm-in deal for oil and gas exploration in blocks off the coast of South Africa. APC says it likes the country because it offers frontier acreage and the potential to grow a business if the exploration work proved successful. APC will hold an 80% in the blocks and will serve as operator.
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text: Elegant, subtle and well-balanced oil is made from Arbequina, Picual Hojiblanca and Morisca olives. Attributes of fruity green olives, undertones of fresh-cut grass, green almond, dried tomatoes, ripe banana and a slight, final touch of pepper. Add to salad dressings and citrus salads, or drizzle over bread. Ideal for grilling fish, meats and vegetables. From the Perales de Valdueza estate, in the province of Badajoz, Spain.


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UConn (7 seed) upset Michigan State (4 seed) 60-54 to advance to the Final Four where they will face Florida. Kevin Ollie, the Huskies' coach, needed a slap from Terrence Samuel who now famously received a slap from his coach after the Huskies beat Iowa State to make sure he wasn't dreaming during his interview with Bill Raftery.
You aren't dreaming Kevin.
The Huskies will face the Florida Gators for the second time this season. The last team to beat Florida was Connecticut, and that was like a million games ago.


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Watch Pipe Dream: A lonely plumber poses as a director to meet women, and the writer whose script he's stolen builds on his ruse to get her movie made.
|February 20, 2002
|91 mins
|Comedy Romance
|Mary-Louise Parker Peter Jacobson Jill Hennessy Martin Donovan Sue Jin Song Jack Merrill Kelly DeMartino George T. Odom E.J. Carroll Anthony Arkin Michael Kaycheck Mitch Roberson Cynthia Kaplan Jim Simpson Berly Ellis
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Director returns home
For Min MartinOakes, taking over as the director of Colvill Family Center is like coming home.
"Red Wing really is home. So when I had the opportunity to move into this position, because my heart is really in early childhood (education), so being able to oversee all the early childhood programs in my community it was like, 'Why wouldn't I want to end my career doing that?'" MartinOakes said.
This might be her last job, she said, with a little hesitation.


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Immigrant family, attorney react to Pres. Obama's announcementSubmitted by Helen Holt on Fri, 11/21/2014 - 4:36pm.READ MORE:
In a prime-time address Thursday, President Barack Obama announced through an Executive Order changes to immigration policy in the United States. The changes could make it easier to get a work permit to live in the country legally, as long as that person fits a certain criteria. Full story...»
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This implements a basic interface to the toy USB missile launchers that were on sale in Marks and Spencers Christmas 2005 and later at 'I want one of those'. It has two methods - new() and do(). do() takes a string out of the following list. stop lef...GMCCAR/Device-USB-MissileLauncher-0.03 (1 review) - 22 Aug 2006 08:44:36 GMT - Search in distribution
This provides a basic interface to the toy USB missile launchers produced by Dream Cheeky. The device name of USB protocol is "Rocket Baby Rocket Baby". METHODS new () Creates an instance. do ( STRING ) send command string to the launcher. commands a...PEN/Device-USB-MissileLauncher-RocketBaby-1.01 - 11 Jan 2008 07:07:59 GMT - Search in distribution
Mac::MissileLauncher is basic interface to the toy USB missile launchers for Mac. It is possible to use it by USB Circus Cannon and USB Missile Launcher (2nd type). AUTHOR Kazuhiro Osawa <email@example.com> SEE ALSO Device::USB, Device::USB::MissileLaun...YAPPO/Mac-MissileLauncher-0.01 - 08 Apr 2007 02:40:48 GMT - Search in distribution


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Dusty Disc May Mean Other Earths 289
from the cosmic-roomba dept.
We've improved Slashdot's video section; now you can view our video interviews, product close-ups and site visits with all the usual Slashdot options to comment, share, etc. No more walled garden! It's a work in progress -- we hope you'll check it out (Learn more about the recent updates).
Then the arms race starts.
If you send a probe there, it will not be able to find a cool surface on any of the larger planetesimals (growing proto-planets).
Hm, given that Vega is 2.3935E14 km away and that Voyager I is travelling at 62500 km/h, a probe sent there will be travelling for about 437169 years. So maybe, by the time it gets there the planet will be ready
"i just hope no one gives them aids
Don't worry. James T. Kirk was a fictional character.
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Remember, we're talking Vegans here...
Their only interest in us is in how to get the meat eaters to stop, and whether we know of any way to make tofu actually palatable...
Posted anonymously as I'm already on the run from the Food Police.
In Nature there are neither rewards nor punishments, there are consequences. -- R.G. Ingersoll


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Hepatitis C Risk And Needles
Here's a taste of what TheBody.com has to offer on this topic:
Ask the Experts
Risk of HIV and Hepatitis C at clinicI know this is going to annoy you a but its been on my mind and I think maybe an expert as yourself can put it to rest. I would normally ask the CDC so as not to take your time but it seems like they tell you to get tested for everything since...
Response from Barbara McGovern, M.D.
Tufts University School of Medicine..."annoying" on the forum...All people have a right to "peace of mind" as they say.I can tell you think that you are probably not at risk and yes...I agree. I would not recommend testing based on this event.Best regards.... Read more »
Occupational Hepatitis C exposurePlease help me out...I am a nurse and two days ago at work, I accidently stuck myself with a dirty... Read more »
hepatitis ci got a needle prick on finger. needle was used by a hepatitis c patient 3 months back. so when i... Read more »
Australia: Needle Program Needed to Cut Hepatitis C Risk in Jail...continue injection drug use (IDU) while incarcerated, researchers report. Without access to sterile needles, inmates face a greater risk of HCV's spread, according to Dr. Emma Miller of Deakin University and colleagues. Among 662 male and female... Read more »
FAQs for the Public: Hepatitis C...be spread within a household? What are ways hepatitis C is not spread? Who is at risk for hepatitis C? What is the risk of a pregnant woman passing hepatitis C to her baby? Can a person get hepatitis C from a mosquito or other insect... Read more »
What I Need to Know About Hepatitis C...hepatitis C virus? Do not share needles if you inject drugs. See your doctor and get tested if you are at higher risk of getting hepatitis C or if you think you were exposed to the hepatitis C virus. Many people do not know they are... Read more »
Hepatitis C and HIV...sexual partners. Some people get infected in medical settings, through accidental needle sticks or unsterilized equipment. The risk of infection from blood transfusions and blood products in the US is virtually zero. Hep C spreads more easily... Read more »
Connect With Others
so ifi did
Posted by Anonymous, 2 Replies...so if i did sit on a needle the chance of transmission is verylow, o.4% so the odds areinm y favor ? Read more »
Posted by Anonymous, 3 Replies...A user in the other section said she sat on a needle and got HIV, its very possible and it has happened before, my question is has anyone ever heard of this happening ? and do they Read more »
Mr. Sowadsky says its okay too donate
Posted by nomoreworry4me...should try to donate or not. My position here is strictly a medical one, not a political or moral one. If you are truly not at risk of infection for these diseases, and you want to donate anyway (despite the exclusion), that is a decision that... Read more »
Posted by diosayudame, 1 ReplyQuisiera compartir con ustedes, una situacion que me ha dado tristeza: casualmente hoy me mandaron un mail que decia: MUJER REPARTIENDO SIDA EN MERIDA. en el mail, dicen que ella va a ciertos antros de aca de merida y que platica con chavos, se les... Read more »
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High Court orders officials to maintain status quo
The Madras High Court Bench here has ordered notice to the Tuticorin district administration on a writ filed alleging that the officials proposed to evict 225 marginalised families from the land they had inhabited for over six decades.
The Bench also ordered officials to maintain status quo, restraining them from evicting the families from Selvanayagapuram colony.
The petitioner, K. Natarajan, president of the Selvanayagapuram colony welfare association, claimed that the residents of the area belonged to the Arunthathiyar community and were living there for over 60 years.
Their welfare association was formed and registered in 1975 and the residents had given repeated representations to the Tuticorin corporation commissioner seeking patta for their lands, he said in his petition.
Mr Natarajan said that, besides the 225 families, around 72 sanitary workers employed in the corporation also lived in the houses owned by the corporation in Selvanayagapuram.
According to him, the corporation authorities had decided to demolish the houses of the sanitary workers.
"The corporation commissioner and the revenue officials visited our area and asked us to vacate the premises immediately. Or else, they said, they would demolish our houses as well. We are now living under the apprehension that our houses might be demolished at any time", he contended in his petition. On May 4, 2013 and May 29, 2013, the petitioner sent representations to the district collector seeking patta and requesting him not to evict the members of the association from Selvanayagapuram, he told the court through his counsel.
No reply
However, the officials failed to reply, prompting him to move the court.
In his petition, he pleaded that directions should be issued to the district administration not to evict them, and to provide them with patta.
A division bench comprising Justices N. Paul Vasanthakumar and P. Devadass ordered notice to the district administration, also ordered status quo be maintained and adjourned the case by two weeks.
Keywords: Madras High Court, Tuticorin district administration, Selvanayagapuram, Arunthathiyar community, Tuticorin corporation, eviction


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This new reference work in the Food Engineering Series covers basic an d new information and issues, and new and refined existing technologie s in the preservation of fruits and vegetables with a minimum of proce ssing. It begins with a section on detecting and controlling good and harmful microorganisms in fruits and vegetable tissues, then surveys a range of preservation technologies, talks about new technologies bein g developed in landmark multinational projects, and ends by covering t he legal aspects of minimally processed produce in the United States, Europe, South America, and Asia.
Overview Microbiological Aspects. Hurdle Technology in the Design of Minimally Processed Foods. Induced Tolerance of Microorganisms to Stress Factors. Microbial Ecology of Spoilage and Pathogenic Flora Associated to Fruits and Vegetables. Use of Sanitizers in Raw Fruit and Vegetable Processing. Tools for Safety Control: HACCP, Risk Assessment, Predictive Microbiology and Challenge Tests. PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND STRUCTURAL ASPECTS. Chemical and Physicochemical Interactions between Components and Their Influence on Food Stability. Color of Minimally Processed Fruits and Vegetables as Affected by Some Chemical and Biochemical Changes. Mathematical Modeling of Enzymatic Reactions As Related to Texture After Storage and Mild Preheat Treatments. The Role of Tissue Microstructure in the Textural Characteristics of Minimally Processed Fruits. PRESERVATION TECHNOLOGIES. Improved Drying Techniques and Microwave Food Processing. Vacuum Impregnation of Plant Tissues. High Hydrostatic Pressure and Minimal Processing. Processing Fruits and Vegetables by Pulsed Electric Field Technology. Natural Antimicrobials From Plants. Use of Biopreservation in Minimal Processing of Vegetables. Minimal Processing of Fresh Produce. DEVELOPMENTS OF MINIMAL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES FOR FRUIT PRESERVATION IN THE FRAME OF TWO MULTINATIONAL PROJECTS. Minimally Processed Fruits Using Vacuum Impregnation, Natural Antimicrobial Addition and/or High Pressure Techniques. LEGAL ASPECTS OF MINIMALLY PROCESSED FRUITS AND VEGETABLES. Regulatory and Safety Aspects of Refrigerated Minimally Processed Fruits and Vegetables: A Review. List of Sources. Index


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Excellent Product By SCUBAJOE on 12/6/2014SCUBAJOE would recommend this product to a friendThis product does exactly what it says it will do. I have read some reviews that gave it 1 star but that just sounds like user error to me. I imagine if you have a small pipe it would not fit on it or if you did not align the hole or use the foam pad it would leak but I have not had any issues. I ran the waste line from my RO unit under my house and back up into the sink area the same with the supply line. No leaks here.
works as promised By Jorge on 1/30/2014Jorge would recommend this product to a friendI live in an apartment and this was the only nice way to set up my rodi unit. Its well made and price wise theres no other fitting .
Clean install By Mark on 9/1/2013Mark would recommend this product to a friendMakes for a nice, clean install. Now I don't have to worry about the discharge line coming out of the sink and flooding the floor! A simple saddle clamp, it worked as it should.
Clean look and design By Dave on 5/20/2013Dave would recommend this product to a friendI have had this fitting on my RODI drain now for a few months, and it really helped me organize underneath of my bathroom sink with any excess waste line. Just to make sure it could not leak, I added a dab of silicone around the fixture and haven't had a bit of problems with it. Definitely recommending it to anyone who wants to streamline their RODI production!
Leaks By Matthew on 4/2/2013Matthew wouldn't recommend this product to a friendI attached this thing to my drain, and it appeared to be working fine. After running about 10 gallons of RO water, I noticed that the area under my sink was overflowing with water. I have re positioned it several times, it still leaks. Look elsewhere.
Good stuff By Miami fish guy on 3/11/2013Miami fish guy would recommend this product to a friendEasy intstall!
make it look GREAT By Andy on 2/19/2012Andy would recommend this product to a frienda great way to make your Ro/Di system look great
Floor saver By Gregory on 1/14/2011Gregory would recommend this product to a friendI used to just have my drain tube stuck in the sink drain and it always came out on the floor, but now that I have this I dont worry about that. It also cleaned up my ro area a lot


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Social Media Communications Specialist
Workplace Learning Solutions LLC — Atlanta, GA
We need YOU on Our Team! Are you looking for the right opportunity to show your value? We are looking for an energetic, self-motivated individual who is creative and innovative. If you are someone who…
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Advanced Rejuvenation Institute — Atlanta, GA
Dr. R. Douglas Wichman is an alternative medical doctor and founder of the Advanced Rejuvenation Institute in Atlanta, GA. His practice focuses on cutting edge treatments and therapies that are not ty…
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We're an online women's clothing store based out of Atlanta. We are currently hiring in the current positions. This is a paid internship with the possibility of growth. You must be located in metro At…
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We are a large stone slab company that provides slabs for countertops, and then design the other parts around the room with them. ie... sinks, toilets, faucets, tile flooring etc... this is a paid pro…
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We are a local Swim and Tennis community looking for a dynamic and organized person to manage a pool side snack bar in Buckhead. This is the perfect opportunity for anyone looking to develop their lea…
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We are a local pool company looking for summer supervisors to manage 10 pools and 50 to 100 lifeguards. This is a great opportunity to fine tune your leadership skills, communication skills and manage…
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Buy n Sell, Inc. — Atlanta, GA
Faith based, nonprofit organization seeking videographer and editor to work on marketing and reality show project. Applicant must be in the Atlanta area and have access to equipment for video recordin…
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Universal Phoenix Group, LLC (www.upg-corp.com) is a multi-faceted organization spanning the entertainment, fashion, sports and gaming/technology industries. We strive to utilize our market presence i…
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Are you looking for experience in the real business world? Are you ambitious, hard working and a critical thinker? Do you like public speaking and networking? This might just be the right opportunity …
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