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Slow Cooker
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Crock pot pork loin with balsamic brown sugar drizzle
Balsamic Brown, Pork Loin, Crock Pots, Crock Pot Pork, Brown Sugar, Sugar Drizzle, Pots Pork, Dinner Tonight, Balsamic Glaze
Easy crock pot pork loin with brown sugar balsamic glaze from www.thesouthernspark.com
Making for dinner tonight! MR
77 Healthy Crockpot Recipes. Healthy Slow cooker recipes.
77 Healthy Crock Pot Recipes #healthy #recipes #delicious
Healthy Slow Cooker, Slow Cooker Recipe, Healthy Crockpot, Crockpot Recipes, Healthy Recipes, Crock Pot Recipes, Healthy Crock Pots, 77 Healthy, Crock Pots Recipe
Crockpot BBQ ribs
Crockpot Bbq Ribs, Crock Pots, Bbq Sauces, Food, Pork Ribs, Slow Cooker, Crockpot Recipe, Favorite Recipe, Dinner Tonight
I covered mine with head and country rub and just put them in the slow cooker on high for 6 hours and they were great. Slid right off the bone. Of course they are always better smoked but this was a nice meal to come home to after work. And no mess! We also use Hogwash BBQ sauce and its perfect for my rendition of crockpot ribs! Don't use any water!!!!!
Crockpot-BBQ-Ribs - making this right now for dinner tonight!
Crock pot BBQ ribs
Crockpot-BBQ-Ribs: For the Ribs: 2.7 pounds of baby back pork ribs 1/2 cup BBQ rub For the BBQ Sauce: 1 cup BBQ Sauce of Choice 1/2 cup ketchup 1/4 cup white vinegar 1/4 cup yellow mustard 2 teaspoons worcestershire sauce
5 Crock Pot Mexican Recipes
Crockpot Chalupas. (Easy) Mexican food for the win!
Best Mexican crock pot recipes from A Pinch of Yum #food #recipes
Crockpot Chalupas from Pinch of Yum - Slow Cooker from Scratch
Tasty Tuesday's Crockpot Recipes ~ Crockpot Chalupas
Crock Pots, Mexicans Food, Mexicans Recipe, Slow Cooker, Crockpot Recipe, Crockpot Chalupa, Food Recipe, Crockpotchalupa, Dinner Recipe
Slow Cooker Scalloped Potatoes - Family Fresh Meals
Sour Cream, Crock Pots, Scallops Potatoes, Potatoes Recipe, Scalloped Potatoes, Slow Cooker, Crockpot Recipe, Potatoes Soup, Cooker Scallops
Slow Cooker Scalloped Potatoes - Thanksgiving Crockpot Recipes - FamilyFreshMeals.com
Crock Pot Red Potatoes. This is perfect. Slow Cooker Scalloped Potatoes Serves 12 Here is what you need: - 1 cup sour cream (I used light & it is still very decadent) - 1 can condensed cream of potato soup - 1 tbsp worcestershire sauce - 2 lb small red potatoes - 1.5 cups shredded cheddar cheese or cheese blend (can double cheese to make cheesier, if calories are not an issue :) hehe) - 1/2 tsp paprika - 3 tbsp chopped fresh chives for topping 1. Thinly slice potatoes and set aside. 2. Mix sour cream, can of potato soup and worcestershire sauce together in a large bowl. 3. Add thinly sliced potatoes to the mixture and mix until all potatoes are well coated. 4. Spoon 1/2 of the potato mixture into a crockpot sprayed with cooking spray. 5. Top with 3/4 cup of shredded cheese. 6. Repeat layer with remaining potatoes and cheese. 7. Cook on HIGH for 3.5 to 4.5 hours (or on LOW 7 to 8 hours). Serve topped with a sprinkle of paprika and chives.
Slow cooker scalloped potato recipe
Slow Cooker Rustic Italian Chicken (Cooking for Two)
Crockpot Meals, Crock Pots, Chicken Cooking, Chicken Thighs, Italian Chicken, Slowcooker, Slow Cooker, Rustic Italian, Cooker Rustic
crock pot rustic Italian chicken
Slow-Cooker Rustic Italian Chicken #slowcooker #Italian
Slow Cooker Rustic Italian Chicken (Cooking for Two) @ Pillsbury: boneless skinless chicken thighs, garlic, mushrooms, crushed tomatoes, penne, Parmesan
Slow Cooker Cheesy Spaghetti with Turkey Sausage - leave out turkey sausage for vegetarian dish
Healthy Slow Cooker, Turkey Sausage, Slow Cooker Recipe, Crock Pots, Cheesy Spaghetti, Skinny Spaghetti, Slowcooker, Favorite Recipe, Comforters Food
Slow Cooker Skinny Spaghetti with Turkey Sausage 15 slow cooker recipes
Top 10 Healthy Slow Cooker Recipes on Skinny Ms. Recipe for Slow Cooker Cheesy Spaghetti with Turkey Sausage recipe. #slowcooker #crockpot #comfort #food #recipes @Tina Orlandi Ms.
CROCK POT. Sqeriously can't enough of this Slow Cooker Cheesy Spaghetti with Turkey Sausage. Love throwing these ingredients in the #slowcooker & coming home to a meal
I cooked this on the stove with brown rice noodles and its my FAVORITE recipe!
Ultimate Crock Pot Mashed Potatoes - sounds easy enough.
Food assignment for work christmas party. Crock Pot Mashed Potatoes
Crock pot potatoes??? Ultimate Crock Pot Mashed Potatoes
Ultimate Spider-Man, Fun Recipe, Pots Mashed, Sounds Easy, Mashed Potatoes, Food, Crock Can Potatoes, Savory Recipe, Crockpot Mashed
Croc Pot Chicken Taco Chili
Fun Recipe, Mr. Tacos, Chicken Tacos, Chicken Chili, Crock Pot Chicken, Crock Pots Chicken, Slow Cooker, Crockpot Chicken, Tacos Chilis
I love my slow cooker and this chicken chili is a delicious, low point, high fiber meal. Crock Pot Chicken Taco Chili
Crock Pot Minestrone
Crockpot Minestrone, Slow Cooker Recipe, Pots Minestrone, Crock Pots, Minestrone Soup, Soup Recipe, Crockpot Recipe, Cooking Tips, Slow Cooker Meals
Crock Pot Minestrone Soup-- she has some other AWESOME crockpot recipes on her site. Buff chx lettuce wraps look awesome!
Crock Pot Minestrone Soup #cooking tips #cooking guide| http://modern-house-design-7679.blogspot.com
Crock Pot Minestrone Soup, and more SLOW COOKER RECIPES.
A list of slow cooker meals!
Crock Pot Minestrone Soup #soup #crockpot #minestrone This looks delicious!
Crock Pot Minestrone Soup Recipe. 5pts WW - Skinnytaste
Slow Cooker BBQ Ribs
Tasty Recipe, Tenders Barbecues, Bbq Ribs, Fun Recipe, Barbecues Ribs, Easy, Savory Recipe, Delicious, Preparing Tenders
Slow cooker BBQ ribs. I made this for dinner (served with garlic mash potatoes, bread and asparagus!!) Easy and de-lish!!!
Very tasty recipe. I had in slow cooker for about 7 hours but could have easily cut off an hour or two of cooking time.
Slow-Cooker Black Bean Enchiladas
Slowcooker Black, Cooker Recipe, Crock Pots, Black Beans Enchiladas, Easy Dinner, Crockpot Recipe, Slow Cooker Enchiladas, Mr. Beans, Dinner Recipe
Slow cooker enchiladas
Crock Pot Black Bean Enchilada
Easy Dinner Recipe: Slow-Cooker Black Bean Enchiladas — Recipes from The Kitchn
Slowcooker Black bean enchiladas
I've been looking for tasty spring slow cooker recipes and fell in love with this concept. Hard to go wrong with Black Bean Enchiladas. Meals this weekend, done.
vegetarian crockpot recipes
Slow Cooker Upside-Down Chicken Pot Pie
Upside Down Chicken, Pies Recipe, Slow Cooker Chicken, Chicken Pot Pies, Cooker Upside Down, Slowcooker, Crock Pots Chicken, Chicken Pots Pies, Chicken Breast
#Slowcooker Upside Down Chicken Pot Pie. Dbl-click pic for #Recipe. #Celiac #coeliac, use #glutenfree #Seasoning #ChickenGravy #BisquickMix.
Slow Cooker Upside Down Chicken Pot Pie Ingredients: 1½ lb Boneless Skinless Chicken Breasts or Thighs 1 Dried Bay Leaf ¼ tsp Pepper 2 tsp Vegesal Seasoning Blend 1 - 16 oz. bag Mire Poix Frozen Veggies; Onion, celery, carrot 2 jars (18 Oz) Chicken Gravy 1 - 16 oz. bag Mixed Vegetables 2¼ cups Original Bisquick® Mix ⅔ cup Milk
Crock Pot Chicken Pot Pie Recipe
Slow cooker chicken pot pie. Pop biscuits in the oven about 30 minutes before it's done, then serve the chicken mixture over the biscuits. Bottoms up!
Crock pot apple butter.
Crockpot Apples, Brown Sugar, Crock Pots, Apples Butter, House Smells, Maple Syrup, Christmas Crockpot, Fall Gift, Christmas Gift
Fall gifts - crockpot apple butter - 1 dozen apples, peeled, cored, cubed; 1/2 c water; 1/4 c brown sugar; 1/2 teaspoon cinnamon; 1/2 tsp all spice. A must to make!!! Would make cute wedding favors. use maple syrup and honey instead of bsug
crockpot apple butter - 1 dozen apples, peeled, cored, cubed; 1/2 c water; 1/4 c brown sugar; 1/2 teaspoon cinnamon; 1/2 tsp all spice What a great idea for christmas gifts! Not to mention make your house smell delicious!
Perfect for Christmas: Crockpot Apple Butter - 1 dozen apples, peeled, cored, cubed 1/2 Cup Water 1/4 Cup Brown Sugar 1/2 teaspoon Cinnamon 1/2 teaspoon All Spice
Fall gifts - crockpot apple butter - 1 dozen apples, peeled, cored, cubed; 1/2 c water; 1/4 c brown sugar; 1/2 teaspoon cinnamon; 1/2 tsp all spice. Toss it in the crock pot, set on low and forget about it!! Use blender for desired consistency.
Fall gifts - crockpot apple butter - 1 dozen apples, peeled, cored, cubed; 1/2 c water; 1/4 c brown sugar; 1/2 teaspoon cinnamon; 1/2 tsp all spice. This looks fun and easy and I bet it makes your house smell amazing.
Megan Gutwein
You'll love this! We made it at work and it was a hit.
Slow Cooker Teriyaki-Sesame Chicken Wraps- From Betty
Cooker Teriyakisesamechicken, Teriyakisesamechicken Wraps, Crock Pots, Slow Cooking, Slow Cooker Chicken, Wraps Recipe, Cooker Teriyaki Sesame Chicken, Teriyaki Sesame Chicken Wraps, Sandwiches Filling
Slow cooker Teriyaki Sesame Chicken Wraps -Wrap up dinner preparation in the morning, then enjoy a satisfying sandwich filling at the end of the day.
crock pot teriyaki-sesame-chicken wraps
Slow Cooker Chicken Teriyaki Wraps
Slow Cooker Teriyaki-Sesame-Chicken Wraps Recipe
Santa Fe Chicken
Tasty Recipe, Santafe, Slow Cooker Recipe, Fun Recipe, Lights Chees, Pots Santa, Weights Watchers Recipe, Crock Pots Recipe, Santa Fe Chicken
Crock Pot Santa Fe Chicken - Gina's Weight Watcher Recipes (190 calories per serving)
Crock Pot Santa Fe Chicken Easy and tasty recipe that can be found at skinnytaste.com.
Slow Cooker Recipes — Crock Pot Santa Fe Chicken ++
Crock Pot Santa Fe Chicken Plus any other crock pot recipe that you could possibly ever want!
Crock Pot Santa Fe Chicken #crockpot #chicken #santafe
Crockpot Carnitas - Let me just say, wow. These were so good. I mean, 'crack open that Corona and pat yourself on the back for making an awesome dinner' kind of good. The left overs are tasty too...as I have been eating them for a couple days. I made a lot of carnitas! I made them with a mild salsa, but easily could have used a little more heat in my mouth. However, in order to please 4 children, I used mild everything. Feel free to dice up a jalapeno (or a can of diced jalapenos) and toss them in too! So easy, so good. Enjoy!
Slow Cooker Pork Carnitas from www.shugarysweets.com
Crockpot Carnitas @shugarysweets #pork #recipe
Crock pot pork carnitas
Crockpot Carnitas #crockpot #recipe #carnitas #pork
Slow Cooker Carnitas...easy, delicious dinner recipe [See comment if you forget to start your slow cooker *this girl* we served w/ rice, beans, salsa, guacamole, diced onion, cilantro and corn tortillas Gluten Free meal this way!]
Crockpot Carnitas- #slowcooker pork dinner. Easy, delicious, family #yummy food #Great Food #food| http://greatfood982.blogspot.com
Pork Carnitas, Pork Recipe, Crock Pots, Slowcooker, Pork Tenderloins, Crockpot Recipe, Crockpot Carnitas, Dinner Recipe, Slow Cooker Pork
Slow cooker beef stroganoff
Slow Cooker Recipe, Beef Recipe, Beef Stroganoff, Stew Recipe, Slow Cooker Beef, Mushrooms Soup, Dinner Tonight, Crock Pots Beef, Families Dinner
Beef Stroganoff Slow Cooker Recipe
Slow Cooker Beef Stroganoff Stew Recipe from
***Slow Cooker Beef Stroganoff Stew*** (SHARE this pic so it saves on your Timeline & you have it when you want to make it) <3 Like our page (y) > www.facebook.com/SimpleWeightControl for healthy recipes, weight loss tips, exercises, motivation and trivia ingredients 1 medium onion, chopped (1/2 cup)see savings 1 clove garlic, finely chopped 1 pound boneless beef tip steak, cut into 1/2-inch pieces 2 cans Progresso® Vegetable Classics creamy mushroom soup (18 ounces each) ...
Going to change this up a little, but this is dinner tonight.
Crock Pot Beef Stroganoff
Crock Pot Hawaiian BBQ Chicken
Pineapple Chicken, Chicken Recipe, Pots Hawaiian, Crock Pots, Bbq Sauces, Bbq Chicken, Hawaiian Bbq, Slow Cooker, Chicken Breast
Crock Pot Hawaiian BBQ Chicken Recipe INGREDIENTS 4-6 frozen boneless skinless chicken breasts 1 can pineapple chunks 1 bottle of BBQ Sauce (I used a spicy honey bbq sauce) 1 red onion, chopped (optional) 1 green pepper, diced 1-2 cloves garlic salt and pepper to taste
Hawaiian BBQ Chicken - Can of chunked pineapple, BBQ Sauce & Chicken Breast. Throw in slow cooker - dinner done!
Crock Pot Hawaiian BBQ Chicken- 3 ingredients- Hawaiian BBQ sauce, chunk pineapple, chicken.
Pot Roast
Pots Roasted, Crock Pots, Dinner Pots, Gravy Recipe, Sunday Dinners, Slow Cooker, Cooker Sunday, Potroast, Cooker Pots
Slow Cooker Sunday Dinner Pot Roast and Gravy Recipe ~ Sunday Dinner Pot Roast and Gravy is a wholesome slow cooker pot roast recipe that's perfect for a family dinner. It's cooked with baby carrots, medium potatoes, garlic, onion, tomatoes, and tasty seasoning. It cooks all day, so prep it in the morning, spend the day with your family, and come home to a welcoming meal. This recipe includes a homemade gravy recipe too! Cooking Time: 8 hr
Crock Pot PotRoast
Slow Cooker Sunday Dinner Pot Roast and Gravy Recipe | Nothing fancy, just good old comfort food! Been making pot roast this way for years. I don't use the chicken bouillon cube and instead use both beef and chicken broth. I've never tried it with a can of diced tomatoes but it does sound good. It is not necessary to sear the roast. I do that when I make stove top or oven pot roast but it's really not necessary for a crock pot dinner.
Slow Cooker ~ Crock Pot Brown Sugar Chicken Recipe
Crock Pot Candy chicken
Crockpot Brown Sugar Chicken Recipe from "A Year of Slowcooking"
Brown Sugar Crock Pot Chicken --12 boneless, skinless chicken thighs, or 6 boneless, skinless breast halves --1 cup brown sugar (it's okay. you can brush your teeth after.) --1/4 cup lemon-lime soda (stay with me...) --2/3 cup vinegar (I used white wine, but think regular white would be fine) --3 cloves smashed and chopped garlic --2 T soy sauce (La Choy and Tamari wheat free are GF) --1 tsp ground black pepper
A Year of Slow Cooking: CrockPot Brown Sugar Chicken Recipe
Brown Sugar Chicken, by Stephanie O'Dea. This is one of my favorite crockpot recipes of Stephanie's!
Chicken Recipe, Brown Sugar Chicken, Slow Cooking, Crock Pots Candies, Chicken Thighs, Slowcooker, Crock Pots Chicken, Slow Cooker, Crockpot Recipe
CrockPot Pumpkin Spice Latte
Crockpot Pumpkin, Pumpkin Spices, Pumpkin Spice Latte, Crock Pots, Slow Cooking, Latte Recipe, Slow Cooker, Pumpkin Pies, Spices Latte
A Year of Slow Cooking: CrockPot Pumpkin Spice Latte Recipe MAMA PEA style - I modified the recipe to take to my moms prayer group this week by combining 8 cups of unsweetened vanilla almond milk, 1/2 c. canned pumpkin, stevia to taste, 2 T. vanilla extract, 2 t. pumpkin pie spice, 3 c. strongly brewed Trader Joe's pumpkin spice coffee and turning my crockpot on high for 2 hours. We garnished them with whipped cream and pumpkin pie spice.
Crock Pot pumpkin spice latte recipe from A Year of Slow Cooking
Gives me the idea to make hot chocolate in slow cooker! A Year of Slow Cooking: CrockPot Pumpkin Spice Latte Recipe
Caramel Apple Cider CrockPot Recipe


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Some Florida officials are concerned that inquiries into a motorist's job and level of education by insurers could lead to discrimination against minorities. Florida Insurance Commissioner Kevin McCarty says minorities may end up paying high premiums, regardless of their driving records. Insurance industry representatives are expected to testify at a hearing on the issue today. Insurance Information Institute President Robert Hartwig says education and occupation are just two of more than 20 factors insurers consider.
View Full Article in:Florida Today (Melbourne) (tiered subscription model)
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30 year old man | Waycross, GA, USA | Seeking women 20-30 within 50 miles
Im easy going. Father of one like to dance. Love my job
im an easy going guy. Love to hang out with friends and family. I like to go out an dance,bowl, or just hang out on the couch an watch movies. I like all types of music. I do underground power for ga power. I love my job. Im a father of one boy he is 8. He is my world. If you dont like kids then stop reading an move on, i like to ride dirt roads an four wheelers an stroll down the river an relax. Im lookin for a girl that is down to earth an knows how to have a good time. If your the one im lookin for then message me if not hope you find what your lookin for. Thanks for reading an good luck to all. Submitted from mobile
Dining out , Fishing/Hunting , Movies/Videos , Music and concerts , Nightclubs/Dancing , Playing cards
Bowling, Dancing, Football, Running, Swimming, Weights / Machines
I exercise 1-2 times per week.
Z{{Cta}} {{#if HasMoreInfo}} ?{{CtaSecondary}} {{/if}}
|What he is looking for
|5'11" (180cms)
|3'0" (91cms) to 8'11" (271cms)
|Body type:
|About average
|Slender, About average, Athletic and toned
|I'll tell you later
|No preference
|I'll tell you later
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|Social Drinker
|Social Drinker, Regularly
|Labor / Construction
|No preference
|$25,001 to $35,000
|Less Than $25,000, $25,001 to $35,000, $35,001 to $50,000, $50,001 to $75,000, $75,001 to $100,000, $100,001 to $150,000, $150,001+
|Never Married, Currently Separated, Divorced
|Have kids:
|Yes, and they sometimes live at home
|Yes, and they sometimes live at home, No, Yes, and they live away from home, Yes, and they live at home
|Wants kids:
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|Definitely, Someday, Not sure, Probably not, No, No, but it's OK if my partner has kids
|White / Caucasian
|Latino / Hispanic, White / Caucasian
|Christian / Other
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Oak Island Bridge
Bridge work to slow traffic on NC 133 to Oak IslandSubmitted by WWAY on Wed, 02/13/2013 - 6:00pm.READ MORE:
Drivers can expect closures on the NC 133 bridge over the Intracoastal Waterway in Oak Island during the next two weeks. Full story...»
Two years after worker's death, Oak Island bridge officially openSubmitted by Katie Harden on Thu, 01/27/2011 - 4:53pm.READ MORE:
The new Oak Island Bridge is officially open and now has a new name. Today's ribbon cutting was a long time coming after lengthy delays, including the investigation into the death of worker. Full story...»
FIRST ON 3: Oak Island Bridge opening delayed another monthSubmitted by Scott Pickey on Fri, 08/20/2010 - 10:28am.READ MORE:
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Oak Island bridge should be open in fallSubmitted by Courtney Brooks on Tue, 01/26/2010 - 5:34pm.READ MORE:
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Foreman files lawsuit in Oak Island Bridge collapseSubmitted by Kevin Wuzzardo on Mon, 01/25/2010 - 5:38pm.READ MORE:
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Survivor of Oak Island Bridge collapse sues DOT, contracting companySubmitted by WWAY on Tue, 11/24/2009 - 5:34pm.READ MORE:
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Oak Island Bridge sees more delaysSubmitted by WWAY on Tue, 07/14/2009 - 5:20pm.READ MORE:
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Two construction companies face fines and violations in Oak Island Bridge accidentSubmitted by WWAY on Wed, 06/03/2009 - 10:58am.READ MORE:
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Cause of Oak Island bridge collapse releasedSubmitted by WWAY on Wed, 04/15/2009 - 5:09pm.READ MORE:
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At times, Best Buy sends surveys to customers asking for feedback on potential new products and services; in the latest survey electrical retail giant is asking about a potential clients' interest in 42-inch Apple HDTV! "Be one of the first to get the all new 42" Apple HDTV at Best Buy for $1499. Apple finally reinvents what a TV can do," the survey reads.
Little by little the apps are coming to the Apple TV. Hacker and iOS developer Steven Troughton-Smith and a hacker called TheMudKip have made it to run iPhone and iPad apps on an Apple TV 2, jailbroken with Seas0nPass. Using @TheMudkip's MobileX window manager for iOS, and @chpwn's MobileLaunchpad launcher to go with it, they managed to get multiple iOS apps running natively on Apple TV, without AirPlay. Later on, they even figured out a way to run iPad applications at a full 720p resolution.
Movie trailers have always been sort of a side hobby for Apple. Now this hobby seems to be getting some attention, as Apple has released an app specifically for movie trailers.
When you first open iTunes Movie Trailers on either your iPhone or iPad, you'll find the trailer layout very similar to the Apple TV's graphic-based layout. Here you can scroll and search based on movie art, or simply search for whatever trailer you are looking to watch and then watch it on your device or on your TV, through AirPlay.
Brought to you by the developers of Remote HD, AirServer is an advanced AirPlay/AirTunes receiver that lets you seamlessly stream audio, videos, photos, and photo slideshows to your Mac or iOS device. The software has just been updated to version 3.0, which comes with a new built-in video players and enhanced iOS 5 and Lion support. AirServer has now the ability to stream slideshows with visual effects and music intact via AirPlay.
This week in "Apple TV News from the Web":
- Apple to build 3D TV system
- Apps coming to Apple TV
- Adobe AIR 3 games for iOS
- The Pear TV
- Apple TV Hacks Store
There are apps in the App Store that can do similar things (e.g. IMDb, Fandango), but Showreel is claimed to be the first AirPlay-enabled app that lets you watch full length HD movie trailers on Apple TV 2. Although the developer promises to "showcase nothing but the latest and greatest movies", the movies are, well, not the latest releases and the collection is still quite small. On a good side, trailers are updated weekly, there are no ads and pre-trailer commercials, and the browsing experience on iPad as well as viewing trailers on the big screen in 720p is great. The app is iPad only.


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Wes Atwood: How to motivate at-home workers
CORPUS CHRISTI - Q: I work for a large insurance company as the manager of actuarial services. A few months ago we gave our employees the option of working from home. Seven of my nine employees decided to try it and while the quantity of work is getting done, the quality is beginning to suffer. I can't really pinpoint it but there seems to be less heart and spirit in the work. Any advice?
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Discover a selection of top forums esports first on the internet. Come to share your passion on forums esports first and meet other fans of esports first. Then, why don't you create your own forum of esports first ?
A forum for competitive games, game design, music, and videos.
free, forum, i'll, sleep, best, sakuya, game, design, #esports, music, creation, development, team


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I began researching my family and my husband's family in Tennessee several years ago. I love how Find A Grave helps put our relatives to rest. I am more than happy to share my photos with anyone who can use them; it brings me joy to be able to assist in your research. Wishing you a blessed day and happy hunting!
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RE: Easleys
You are so very welcome! Let me know if there are any more in the area. Stay warm, Helen
Added by
on Jan 27, 2015 7:50 AM
Gerald Staggs
RE: Mem# 83635953 Bomar
Thanks for calling my attention to the name listing. This was taken from cemetery book.
Added by
Gerald Staggs
on Dec 07, 2014 8:38 PM
Ross Sippel
Samuel Odie Thomas
Thanks for your effort and success for taking the photo requested. Great Job
Added by
Ross Sippel
on Nov 13, 2014 8:13 AM
Bedelia Elllison
Thank you for taking the photo for me. It looks great.
Added by
Bedelia Elllison
on Nov 08, 2014 1:45 PM
Hollywood Cemetery
Thank you for adding the Carden family grave photos from Hollywood Cemetery. I really appreciate your doing so!
Added by
on Oct 26, 2014 10:35 PM
JoAnn HAGANS Harris
Thomas Edward Steadwell
I posted the parental links as requested.
Am courious as if you might have any links tied to my famiy. The surname has spelled with many variations.
Added by
JoAnn HAGANS Harris
on Oct 20, 2014 6:42 PM
Teddi Kella-Fuller
RE: Memorial # 103964853 Christine Paschall Davis Whiton-Stuart
You are very welcome. I wish I knew where she was buried to add that to her memorial.
Added by
Teddi Kella-Fuller
on Sep 06, 2014 7:51 PM
Syd Gardner
RE: Memorial 110959897 Frances Solomon Trice
I seem to be doing the same thing as you ~ Forget my last contact message, since I've seen the obit for Lorraine and according to it she was buried in Forest Lawn Cemetery in Goodlettsville.
Interesting that last April I was out in that area - my daughter lives in Goodlettsville - and drove right by that cemetery a number of times. But now that I'm back in Southern California . . .
Added by
Syd Gardner
on Sep 05, 2014 10:18 AM
Carlton McKee
Robinson-Marlin Cem
I noticed that you left some information on the Robinson-Marlin Cem. in Williamson County, Tenn. I am going to be in that area in the next few weeks and want to visit the cem. Michael Robinson b. 1732 is my gr-gr-gr-gr-gr-grandfather. I see from the map that it is only accessible through private property, do you have contact information for the owners? Many thanks.
Added by
Carlton McKee
on Jul 10, 2014 1:48 PM
Thank you so much for the lovely Patton Monument photos at Spence Hill Cemetery.
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on May 28, 2014 9:06 AM
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Rinse chicken; pat dry with paper towels.
Combine flour, celery salt, thyme, pepper and marjoram in shallow bowl.
Pour buttermilk into medium bowl.
Heat oil in large skillet* over medium heat until oil reaches 340°F on deep-fat thermometer.
Dip half the chicken in buttermilk, one piece at a time; shake off excess buttermilk.
Coat with flour mixture; shake off excess.
Dip again in buttermilk, then coat with flour mixture.
Fry chicken, skin side down, 10 to 12 minutes or until brown; turn and fry 12 to 14 minutes or until brown and chicken is no longer pink in center.
Drain on paper towels.
Repeat with remaining chicken, buttermilk and flour mixture.


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Uniform & Hero
There are unsung heroes in the local community that you live in. Everyone can be a hero at some point in their lives. If you are looking for a costume piece for your uniformed hero outfit you have come to the right place. Being a hero is up to you, but at least we can help you look the part. Uniformed men and women support and protect our country daily. Here you can browse a large selection of uniform hats and Hero theme costume caps. We carry Halloween hats and caps including the Waldo hat, Mario and Luigi cap, red beanie, glove, and newsboy. Be a hero with a captain, chef, sailor, police, princess, military, or pirate hat, cap or uniform set. You are only limited by your imagination. Your hat says a lot about you. Find genuine creative hat designs here. Be a hero. We will continue being your costume headquarters all year long.
Indian Genuine Tree Bark Pith Helmet(02) - Khaki$69.99Khaki Indian Genuine Tree Bark Pith Helmet(02)
Made of 100% cotton.
ONE SIZE fits most with adjustable strap closure, fitting up to XL.
Crown measures 5 inches deep, with vinyl band inside and chin strap.
Bill measures 2 - 3 inches wide, attached on crown.
Soft, thick and stiff material.
Hand spot wash, air dry only.
Available in different style and colors. Learn More
In stock


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Volume 4, Issue 4
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Make A ConnectionRecruit a Jewell business student, recommend a prospective student or submit a story idea.
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Jewell Business Today Staff
Emily Scott, Managing Editor
Channing Wall, Managing Editor
Max Bennett, Writer
Megan Brake, Writer
Kelsey Brush, Writer
Chelsea Coleman, Writer
Trey Flick, Writer
Jennifer Ghekas, Writer
Amelia Hanzlick, Writer
Dakkota Huber, Writer
Chris Henning, Writer
Evan Jones, Writer
Alan Kline, Writer
Kate McFerren, Photos & Video
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Category Archives: Kudos
Cardinal Consulting Works With VML Human Resources
By Chris Henning – During the fall semester 2014, VML, Inc., a major digital marketing firm headquartered in Kansas City and with offices on six continents, engaged the WJC Cardinal Consulting Group … Continue reading
Posted in Courses, Creativity & Innovation, Kudos, Students Leave a comment
University Innovation Fellows Celebrate Global Entrepreneurship Week
By Bradley Dice – November 17th – 23rd, 2014 marked the seventh annual Global Entrepreneurship Week. This seven day international celebration of entrepreneurs, begun by Kansas City's Kauffman Foundation, encouraged a series of events on the William Jewell campus this … Continue reading
Posted in Creativity & Innovation, Entrepreneurship, Events, Kudos, Students Leave a comment
"Dorm S.O.S." Team Wins Business Plan Competition
By Alan Kline – The winner of the fall 2014 business plan competition in BUS 406: Business Problems and Policy was the "Dorm S.O.S." team of students Hunter Bingham, Preston Felgate, Michael Hon, Brittany Madsen, Ben Plank, and Josh Sawers. The … Continue reading
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Delta Mu Delta News
By Jennifer Ghekas – During the fall meeting of Alpha Lambda Chapter of Delta Mu Delta, members elected officers for the coming year. Josh Sawers will serve as president, Bryan Rezin as vice president, Aerial Smith as secretary, and Kevin Kolibas … Continue reading
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Jewell Business Today Gets New Masthead Design
In an effort to freshen the appearance and appeal of Jewell Business Today, a new masthead has been designed by student Bradley Dice. A redesign of the publication layout is currently in development and will be unveiled in a coming … Continue reading
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Meet Jason Best '90
By Chris Henning – Jason Best began his career at Jewell in 1988 as an Oxbridge Scholar perusing a degree in Business Management. Jason believes that the Oxbridge Program was one of the key educational experiences leading to his future … Continue reading
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Taylor Brown '13 Leads Kauffman 1 Million Cups
By Amelia Hanzlick – Taylor Brown '13 graduated with a degree in Business Administration and a minor in Economics, but she left the Hill with more than a diploma. With the numerous opportunities that William Jewell offers, Ms. Brown used … Continue reading
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I would like to compare "LANL's Community Leaders Study (CLS)" of October 2009, available at www.lanl.gov/cpo/ with the Community Survey Report for Northern New Mexico, (CSR) available from (firstname.lastname@example.com).
MINNEAPOLIS (AP) — Holiday travelers waited a little longer to book their flights this year, likely holding out for better deals and waiting to see if they would still have a job. And some aren't going at all.
Travelocity reports that the average advance purchase fell to 55 days for Thanksgiving travel this year. That's 2.6 days later than last year's average.
SALT LAKE CITY — Trials should be scheduled early next year for nearly two dozen defendants in a major artifacts looting and trafficking case in the Four Corners area, a U.S. Magistrate Samuel Alba told a roomful of defense attorneys Monday.
A public memorial service for Logan Collins is set for 2 p.m. Monday at the Los Alamos Middle School Gymnasium, followed by a public reception in the LAMS cafeteria.
Collins, 12, sustained severe head injuries from being struck by a vehicle after exiting an Atomic City Transit bus Wednesday evening on San Ildefonso Road at Hawk Drive.
The seventh grader was on his way to basketball practice at LAMS gymnasium when the accident occurred.
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The memorial for Logan Collins who died Wednesday takes place at 2 p.m. Monday in the Los Alamos Middle School Gymnasium.
Students will be let out at noon Monday to go home. They may return to attend the memorial so long as they are accompanied by an adult.
One adult may accompany several students.
Students without adult supervision will not be allowed into the gymnasium.
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While the Los Alamos Hilltopper boys basketball team appears it will have to do some retooling, doing so around a 6-foot-11 Division-I player should make that goal easier to achieve.
Tuesday, the Hilltoppers will open their 2009-10 season when they host the Kirtland Central Broncos. That game is scheduled for 7 p.m. at Griffith Gymnasium.
Cross country runner Kyle Pittman once again came up big on a big stage Saturday.
Pittman, a local running star, finished fourth in the southwest regional of the Nike Cross Nationals Saturday. The NXN regional event was held in Tempe, Ariz.
Pittman, just two weeks removed from his second Class AAAA state individual championship, took fourth in the boys championship race Saturday. He finished with a time of 15 minutes, 24.8 seconds to give him the fourth-place finish.
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The Los Alamos Monitor is your source for local news, sports, events, and information in Los Alamos County and Los Alamos, NM, and the surrounding area.


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Homer barrage sends Orioles to weird win
Orioles 6-3, Rangers 5-7
BALTIMORE -- Colby Lewis set two career highs, one of them quite undesirable, in a performance he categorized quite accurately as "weird."
Lewis gave up five home runs, including one to each of the first three batters he faced, and the Texas Rangers lost to the Baltimore Orioles 6-5 in a doubleheader opener Thursday.
In the nightcap, Josh Hamilton hit his major league-leading 15th homer, Derek Holland pitched six innings of four-hit ball and Texas beat Baltimore 7-3 for the doubleheader split.
In the opener, Ryan Flaherty, J.J. Hardy and Nick Markakis began the bottom of the first inning with homers for Baltimore, the first AL team in history to open with three successive long balls.
After the home run barrage, Lewis retired his next 18 batters before Adam Jones homered leading off the seventh to make it 4-1. Lewis walked Matt Wieters, and Wilson Betemit hit a drive to right for a 6-1 lead.
The five home runs yielded by Lewis (3-2) were a career high. They were the only hits he allowed over seven innings, and he also set a career high with 12 strikeouts. That made him the first pitcher since 1918 to give up five home runs and have at least 10 strikeouts in the same game.
"I can't justify that game," Lewis said. "It seemed like one of those days where you have really good stuff and then you miss your spot or something and it's just not a hit, it's a homer. You can't really look at it any other way. It was just kind of a weird game."
In spite of his up-and-down effort, Lewis kept the game close enough to give the hard-hitting Rangers a chance to come back.
"It was one of the unfortunate things," Texas manager Ron Washington said. "They put three runs on the board and they just happened to be homers."
The previous team to homer in its first three at-bats was the Milwaukee Brewers on Sept. 9, 2007. Hardy was also the middle man in that barrage. Milwaukee was the third major league team to accomplish the feat, all from the NL.
The teams were rained out Wednesday night, setting up the doubleheader.
American League
Indians 8, Red Sox 3 at Boston: Embattled starter Josh Beckett did nothing to help restore his reputation, getting booed off the field at Fenway Park in the third inning.
Jack Hannahan hit a two-run homer and Jason Kipnis had a solo shot off Beckett, who was already in hot water with Red Sox fans for playing golf last week a day after he was scratched from his scheduled start with a sore lat muscle in his back.
Yankees 5, Rays 3 at New York: CC Sabathia outpitched David Price for the first time in six career matchups between the All-Star lefties, Robinson Cano and Curtis Granderson homered and New York beat Tampa Bay.
The Yankees overcame a pair of early errors by third baseman Eduardo Nunez to take the series and send Tampa Bay to its fourth loss in five games.
Blue Jays 6, Twins 2 at Minneapolis: Henderson Alvarez pitched seven strong innings to win his third straight start in Toronto's victory over Minnesota.
Alvarez (3-2) stretched his scoreless streak to 17 innings before second baseman Kelly Johnson's throwing error allowed the Twins to score in the third.
National League
Nationals 4, Pirates 2 at Pittsburgh: Stephen Strasburg (3-0) struck out a season-high 13 as Washington snapped a three-game losing streak.
The former No. 1 pick lowered his ERA to 1.64 by overpowering one of baseball's weaker lineups. He struck out seven straight batters at one point and for a moment it appeared he was on his way to a record-breaking night.
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Scout Joining
> > > Triple Prizes < < <
The first badge of Boy Scouting can be earned as soon as a boy joins a troop, especially if he has earned his Arrow of Light as a Webelos scout. This first recognition is earned by applying and memorizing some important scouting basics.
Some troops have Webelos scouts bridge over from the pack to the troop in February at their Cub Scout pack Blue and Gold dinner and then have a court of honor in March or April where they are presented with their Scout badge. It is certainly not necessary to wait for a court of honor to present the badge, though. A short, meaningful presentation at the earliest opportunity is best - see a sample New Scout ceremony.
How to Join:
- Go to BeAScout.org
- Click the 'Boy Scouts' tab.
- Enter your zipcode and click the arrow button.
- Click on a Troop near you to see its contact info so you can call the Troop or your local Council about joining.
- Complete a BSA Youth Application and Health Record and give them to the Scoutmaster of the Troop you choose.
- Meet age requirements. Be a boy who has completed the fifth grade or is 11 years old, or has earned the Arrow of Light Award but is under 18 years old.
- Complete a Boy Scout application and health history signed by your parent or guardian.
- Find a Scout troop near your home.
- Repeat the Pledge of Allegiance.
- Demonstrate the Scout sign, salute, and handshake.
- Demonstrate tying the square knot (a joining knot).
- Understand and agree to live by the Scout Oath, Scout Law, motto, and slogan, and the Outdoor Code.
- Describe the Scout badge.
- Complete the pamphlet exercises. With your parent or guardian, complete the exercises in the pamphlet How to Protect Your Children from Child Abuse: A Parent's Guide.
- Participate in a Scoutmaster conference. Turn in your Boy Scout application and health history form signed by your parent or guardian, then participate in a Scoutmaster conference.
Use this Scout Requirements Study Guide to help you learn.
More Boy Scout Information to Use:
Merit Badges - requirements and aids
Boy Scout Activities - great scout activity ideas
Boy Scout Awards - see what awards are available to Boy Scouts
Boy Scout Ceremonies - a few ceremony ideas
Boy Scout Games - patrol or troop games
Boy Scout Graces - fun meal graces
Boy Scout Jokes - funny, gross, and silly jokes for scouts
Boy Scout Projects - community projects for Boy Scout patrols or troops
Boy Scout Recipes - tasty food recipes for scout camping
Boy Scout Skits - skits that Boy Scouts like to do
Boy Scout Songs - songs for scouts
Boy Scout Stories - stories that Boy Scouts will enjoy and understand
Boy Scout Uniform - make sure you put all those badges and patches in the right spots
Boy Scout Tests - online tests for Boy Scouts to test their knowledge
Boy Scout Schedule - sample schedule to reach First Class rank in 12-18 months
Eagle Scout Schedule - sample schedule to reach Eagle Scout
Boy Scout Monthly Themes
Nov 14, 2012 - Mike
As far as I know, a boy doesn't have to know how to tie knots, repeat the law, pledge, etc to JOIN. It should say Scout requirements, and leave the word Joining out of it.
If I was looking at having my son join Boy Scouts and saw this page (yes, I have recommended this website to non-Scout people) I'd stop thinking about joining
What a shame.
To become a member of the Boy Scouts of America, a youth needs to turn in a completed youth application, health record, and payment.
To become a member of a Boy Scout Troop and wear the Scout badge, he needs to complete the Joining requirements described above.
These Joining requirements are listed in the beginning of the Boy Scout Handbook as well as other BSA documentation, and are referred to as "Joining requirements".
If you are welcome to observe these meetings, watching the Senior Patrol Leader and other scouts running things is enlightening. Comparing the meetings run by a new SPL to those he runs near the end of his term can really demonstrate how opportunities to lead in Scouts help to grow good young men and leaders.
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NOTICE: This store is temporarily closed. We will reopen April 2015 under new ownership. Please be patient as we prepare to open. Thank you.
BIRD TOY OUTLET is a very popular pet bird toy and bird cage supply company. We offer large bird toys down to small bird toys that are safe, durable, mind stimulating along with affordable, quality bird cages.
We have teamed up with avian veterinarians who have written bird care articles that are simple and easy to understand. Be sure to read through our Bird Safety Tips.


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1939 Chrysler Business coupe, Original car! Starts and runs like a top! Stored inside for most of its life!... More
1925 Chrysler M70, All original! Runs like a top. Stored inside for years! Chrysler's first!... More
1964 Chrysler 300K Convertible, If you are looking for a fun car to drive, this is the one! This rare and garage kept 1964... More
We have 1982 Chrysler Imperial with only 51,070 Actual miles. Needs Lean Burn System Repairs. 318-V8- Three speed automaitic Transmission, Full power opitions,Alloy wheels,Cassette player. Rust... More
1977 Chrysler Town & Country Three Seat Wagon - Only 33,000 miles! Formal Black Sunfire Metallic w/ Woodgrain accents - 440 Cu In V8... More
For sale in our St. Louis showroom is a very unique 1963 Chrysler Pacesetter Convertible. Chrysler started making the 300 Letter Series in... More
Chryslers 300 was nothing less than a sensation. A quiet comfortable and elegant luxury car it concealed blistering performance behind restrained styling and thrust... More
Great example of a really clean Prowler with only 6000 miles! Rare Midnight Blue with the Mulholland Edition... More
GR Auto Gallery is excited to present this very rare 1930 Chrysler Series 70 Roadster for purchase. Chrysler revamped their product line looking forward... More
1986 Chrysler LeBaron Town & Country 4 Passenger Convertible All Original For over 61 years I have been selling both new and Pre Owned Rolls Royces, Bentleys... More
1932 Chrysler CI 6 Rumble Seat coupe Looking for a classic car that you WON'T see at every car show? How about a sweet pre-war... More
YOU ARE READING THAT RIGHT...A CROSS RAM V8 ENGINE CHRYSLER FOR UNDER $30K DOLLARS!! CALL DEREK TODAY AT 727-361-8026 AND MAKE THIS GORGEOUS... More
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Magic Cloud Sea
Credits & Info
- Date
- 06/27/2012
- File Info
- Song
- 3 min 30 sec
- Score
- 4.37 / 5.00
Related Content
Heard in 2 Entries!
View all submissions featuring this audio file.
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Licensing Terms
- Attribution:
- You must give credit to the artist.
- Noncommercial:
- You may not use this work for commercial purposes unless you make specific arrangements with the artist.
- Share Alike:
- If you alter, transform, or build upon this image, you may distribute the resulting creation only under a license identical to this one.
- Score:
- Rated 4.37 / 5 stars
- Plays & Downloads:
- 9,587 Plays | 1,121 Downloads
- Share Links:
- Genres:
- Easy Listening - Classical
- magic
- orchestral
- symphonic
- cuintha
Author Comments
Rated 4.5 / 5 stars
Great tune, Reminded me of playing an RPG, makes me want to start programming, and make tune this good, but we know that's not possible. I was wondering 2 things. What key this was in? and, Are these real or synth instruments?
Hi man, glad you really liked it man, and I'm sure you can do great!
I have no idea what key this is in, I work on emotion and what I want to hear, I know no musical theory.
Real instruments sampled into softwares :)
Rated 5 / 5 stars
See this is the type of classical music I love. Very simcity-like. Keep making this stuff dude! I'll definitely be listening more of your songs.
Thx a lot man, I am making another piece right now in a winter setting.. gonna be in the same style as this one :)
Rated 5 / 5 stars
Really high quality music ! I love the piano and the strings in this song.It's really well written and executed.Plus,as everyone said it's so peacefull !
Cheers,you got a new fan =)
Thanks pal! Glad it's enjoyed, metal and symphonic music for life! *high fives*
Rated 5 / 5 stars
calming. it's so peaceful you fall a sleep
Glad you like it!! :D
Rated 4.5 / 5 stars
Peacefull. If it where in a videogame, i think it will be the perfect theme for a town.
I would frikkin LOVE to make music to a all-out effort RPG game :( But it's hard to get that kind of gig these days


text:
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UP marks "150 years of building America"
The Union Pacific Railroad on Sunday officially celebrated its 150th birthday. On Monday, UP President and CEO Jack Koraleski visited the New York Stock Exchange with 11 other UP employees to ring…
Hunter Harrison named CP President, CEO
Canadian Pacific Friday officially made its long-anticipated move of appointing E. Hunter Harrison president and chief executive officer, completing a significant revision of CP leadership through its revamped board of…
North American carload freight volume rallies
Freight carload volume gained ground in Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. during the week ending June 23, 2012, measured against the comparable week a year ago, the Association of American…
Port of Stockton hails track connection
California's Port of Stockton on Monday said it was "pleased to announce the completion of 3,347 feet of new track on the Port's West Complex ." The port implemented the…
Lines on a map do not a merger make
While the railroad world waits for the Canadian Pacific Railway board of directors to name a permanent chief executive to succeed acting CEO Steve Tobias, some railfans are whiling away…
North American intermodal counters carload slump
Canadian, Mexican, and U.S. intermodal volume increased for the week ending June 16, 2012, measured against the comparable week in 2011, even as freight carload volume fell in each nation,…
U.S. freight carloads down (again); intermodal gains
U.S. freight carload volume for the week ending June 9, 2012, once again failed to match the comparable week in 2011, down 1.7%, the Association of American Railroads reported Thursday.…
Schneider National, CSX announce pact
Schneider National, Inc. said Monday it has reached an agreement with CSX Transportation to broaden its services in northwestern Ohio. The agreement expands Schneider's intermodal service to now include two…
U.S. freight traffic back to "mixed" results
Resuming a pattern repeated through much of 2012, U.S. freight carload volume for the week ending June 2, 2012, fell short of the comparable week in 2011, down 3.1%, after…
Senator proposes DOT "freight initiative"
U.S. Sen. Maria Cantwell (D-Wash.) on Thursday asked Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood to launch a "high-level and coordinated multimodal freight initiative at the U.S. Department of Transportation to improve the management of…
U.S. freight carload traffic, intermodal both gain
In a welcome departure from past weeks, U.S. freight carload traffic for the week ending May 26, 2012 notched an increase, up 1.3% measured against the comparable week in 2011,…
AAR: Carload traffic slumps; intermodal still stars
U.S. freight carload traffic for the week ending May 19, 2012 was down 5.0% measured against the comparable week in 2011, the Association of American Railroads said Thursday, continuing a…
U.S. carload traffic still down; intermodal still up
The trends, both good and bad, continue for U.S. freight traffic ending the week of May 12, 2012, the Association of American Railroads reported Thursday. U.S. freight carload traffic fell…
Moorman "optimistic" on traffic prospects
Norfolk Southern CEO Wick Moorman told stockholders at the company's 30th annual meeting in Williamsburg, Va., Thursday that he is "confident, optimistic, and enthusiastic about our future business prospects."
U.S. freight trends continue, both up and down
In line with much of 2012, U.S. freight carload traffic for the week ending May 5, 2012 failed to keep pace with 2011 levels, down 2% measured against the comparable…
Schneider National extends BNSF Railway pact
Green Bay, Wis.-based Schneider National, Inc., on Wednesday said it has signed a new, multiyear agreement with BNSF, under which the Class I railroad will continue to serve as one…
Domestic containers drive 1Q intermodal gains
Whatever woes coal volumes are posing for North American railroads in 2012, domestic intermodal container traffic seems determined to offset them, at least in part. First-quarter domestic container volume moving…
Fitch cites railroad challenges—and strengths
Fitch Ratings says it views "weak year-to-date rail volume trends as a reflection of fundamental shifts in demand patterns for key industrial commodities as domestic production of unconventional oil and gas resources continues…
Iowa Pacific, Rail Logistics announce partnership
Rail Logistics and Iowa Pacific Holdings on Monday jointly announced a partnership in which Rail Logistics will manage, operate, and market Iowa Pacific's refrigerated railcar fleet. The venture began May…
Carloads down, intermodal up, yet again: AAR
U.S. freight carload volume for the week ending April 28, 2012 fell 4.1% measured against the comparable week a year ago, continuing an ongoing trend for the year, the Association…
Page 27 of 33
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Nail Tech Name: Mirjam Engelberts
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DCF Coupon Class Outline o What Couponing is and what it is not It is a way to save money…it is not a get rich quick scheme. It is not like the unrealistic TV show "Extreme Couponing" o Different Types of Coupons Manufacturer's Coupons Store Coupons Catalinas Rebates o Important Features of a Coupon Type of Coupon Expiration Date Product Description Rules and Restrictions Coupon Amount Bar Code o Where Do You Get Coupons? Newspapers Online Coupon Sites • http://www.coupons.com/ • http://www.smartsource.com/smartsource/index.jsp?Link=MKRU3JAAR6 CCY • http://www.redplum.com/ • http://www.target.com/ - Under the "See More" Section • http://coupons.walmart.com/ - Look for "Printable Coupons" Facebook Coupon Services • http://www.couponsthingsbydede.com/ • http://thecouponclippers.com/ • http://wholecouponinserts.com/ Manufacturer's Websites Writing to Companies Coupon Databases • http://www.afullcup.com/coupons • http://thekrazycouponlady.com/print-coupons/ • http://www.southernsavers.com/coupon-database/ • http://www.thecentsableshoppin.com/coupon-database/ Page 1 o Organizing Your Coupons Tow Basic Methods (each with pros and cons) • Whole Inserts (cut them when needed) Pro – You don't have to cut everything out! Saves Time! Con – You need to have a database to know where each coupon is Con – You can't spontaneously shop Con – You must have a separate method for tracking your internet printed coupons • Cut out all individual coupons Pro – You can spontaneously shop for items. Can be mobile. Pro - Faster retrieval of coupons once organization is done. Con – This method takes the most time and effort o Storing Your Coupons Books Boxes Accordian Files o Couponing at Different Stores CVS • Incentive Program – ExtraCare Card • CVS will take a manufacturer coupon and a CVS store coupon for the same item! They will also allow you to pay using CVS Bucks. • Copy of CVS Coupon Policy: http://www.cvs.com/CVSApp/cvscontent/faq/couponpolicy.pdf CVS ExtraCare Card • Get your ExtraCare Card at any register. • Use your card at the big red kiosk to get CVS store coupons • Use your card to track your CVS purchases online • Use your card for lower prices at CVS • Card and CVS Bucks must match CVS ExtraCare Bucks • Also called ECBs. These are CVS store coupon for a discount off your next purchase that prints at check out. They print at the bottom of your receipt and can be used "like cash" on almost anything else sold at CVS (excludes gift cards, alcohol and prescriptions). • You must have the cashier scan your ExtraCare Card before you make a purchase to get your ECBs. • CVS Scenario for this week: Page 2 Here is this weeks deals at CVS: • Just For Men Shampoo-In Hair Color or Touch of Gray $6.99 • Then use this $2.00 off of one coupon, here: http://www.justformenselect.com/register.cfm • Then get the FREE Just for Men with a Rebate for up to $9.50 from: http://www.justformen.com/pdf/tryfree.pdf • Schick Quattro for Men $8.99 w/ $3 ECB (Limit 1) • $2.00 off 1 Schick Quattro for Women Razor or Refill 01/15/2012 SmartSource Insert (exp 02/26/2012) Makes this deal $3.99 after coupon and ECB • Colgate Total or Sensitive 5.8-6 oz $2.77 w/ $1 ECB (Limit 2) • $1.00 off one Colgate Total Advanced, Optic White, Sensitive Pro-Relief 01/15/2012 SmartSource = 77¢ after coupon and ECB • Brita Classic Pitcher or 3 Pack Replacements $14.99 with $5 ECB (Limit 1) • Take $4.00 off one Brita Pitcher or Faucet Mount with the 01/15/2012 SmartSource Insert (exp 03/31/2012) = $10.99 out of pocket • Then, send in for a $10.00 Rebate, here: http://challenge.brita.com/save-on- brita/BritaPitcherRebate.pdf • You Earn $5.00 ECB which makes it FREE You then make $4.01 after coupon, ECB & Rebate! • Spend $12.00 and get $4.00 ECB when you buy the following: – Glade Scented Oil PlugIns 2 pk Refill; or, – Sense & Spray 1.42 oz; or, – Lasting Impressions 1.42 oz • Each for $5.00 Deal Idea: • Buy 2 Sense & Spray $5.00 • Buy 1 Glade 4 oz. Candle $3.00 • = $13.00 • Use (2) $3.00 off two Sense & Spray - 01/15 SmartSource • Use (1) $1.00 off of one Glade Decor Holder - 01/15 SmartSource • = $6.00 out of pocket Page 3 • Earn $4 ECB • Final Cost? $2.00 for 3 items! Walgreens • Incentive Program – Register Rewards • Walgreens will take a manufacturer coupon and a Walgreen's store coupon for the same item! They will also allow you to pay using Register Rewards. • It is important to know that Walgreens has a specific policy stating that the number of manufacturer coupons, including Register Rewards manufacturer coupons, may not exceed the number of items in the transaction; and, the total value of the coupons may not exceed the value of the transaction. • Copy of Walgreens Coupon Policy: http://www.walgreens.com/topic/generalhelp/coupon_policy_main.jsp • Register Rewards A Register Reward is a catalina coupon that prints from the register after purchase of a qualifying item(s). You can use this coupon "like cash" on your next purchase of a different item. There are some limitations on what you can purchase with your register rewards (see their online policy for a current list) • Walgreens Scenario for this week: Page 4 This Weeks Deals: • $3.00 Register Rewards when you buy $10.00 or more in Participating Products Below: – Advil Congestion Relief or; – Cough or Cold Robitussin or; – Dimetapp 4 oz, or; – Robitussin Nasal or; – Robitussin Lingering Cold Relief • each $5.00 Deal Idea Buy 2 Advil Congestion Relief - each $5 = $10 Use (2) $2.00 for one Advil Congestion coupons, from here: http://iframe.couponnetwork.com/?utm_campaign=CD3419&utm_source=MySavings_ Media_Network&utm_medium=Affiliate&page=2 =$6.00 out of pocket You Earn $3.00 Register Rewards Final Price? $1.50 ea. when you buy 2 after coupon + Register Rewards • Thermacare pain relief – single pack neck, wrist & shoulder or menstrual heat wrap – for $2.49 you get $2.49 Register Rewards = FREE after Register Rewards • Abrexin Weight Loss Supplement, 30 ct for $10.00; you get a $10.00 Register Rewards = FREE after Register Rewards • Glade Decor Scents Warmer or Holder with Refill, OR, 2 pack Refills $2.99 w/ $1.25 Register Rewards; then use a 75¢ off one Glade Decor Scents Holder or Refill coupon from the 01/15/2012 SmartSource Insert (exp 02/11/2012) = 99¢ after coupon & Register Rewards • South Beach diet snack or meal bars, 5 pack – $5.99 get $6 Register Rewards • Estroven PM, 24 ct caplets – $10.00 get $10.00 Register Rewards = FREE after Register Rewards Page 5 Step 1: • Buy Estroven PM, 24 ct caplets for $10.00 and get $10.00 Register Rewards = FREE after Register Rewards • Don't stop there… You needed to spend $10.00 to get $10.00 in Register Rewards Step 2: • Buy Abrexin Weight Loss Supplement, 30 ct for $10.00 get $10.00 Register Rewards = FREE after Register Rewards • Now, pay for the Abrexin with the $10.00 Register Rewards from Step 1 and you get another $10.00 in Register Rewards! • You could rinse and repeat here… but; Lets keep shopping! Step 3: • Buy one South Beach diet snack or meal bars, 5 pack for $5.99 get $6.00 Register Rewards • Then, buy Thermacare pain relief – single pack neck, wrist & shoulder or menstrual heat wrap for $2.49 and get $2.49 Register Rewards • Buy one Glade Decor Scents Warmer or Holder with Refill, OR, 2 pk Refills for $2.99 w/ $1.25 Register Rewards • Use one 75¢ for one Glade Decor Scents Holder or Refill coupon 01/15/2012 SmartSource Insert (exp 02/11/2012) = 99¢ after coupon & Register Rewards • Pay with $10.00 Register Rewards from Step 2 + 72¢ over. Get $9.74 in Register Rewards Step 4: • Buy 2 Advil Congestion Relief $5 = $10 • Use (2) $2.00 for one Advil Congestion coupons from, here: http://iframe.couponnetwork.com/?utm_campaign=CD3419&utm_source=MySavings_ Media_Network&utm_medium=Affiliate&page=2 • Pay with the $6.00 Register Rewards from the South Beach diet and still have 3.74 left in Register Rewards So… Your out of pocket is $10.72 with $3.74 left in Register Rewards: Taking home $31.47 worth of products! Page 6 Target • No Incentive Program • Target will accept a manufacturer's coupon and a Target store coupon for the same item. • Target does "price match". • You can get Target store coupons from their website: http://coupons.target.com/ • Copy of Target Coupon Policy: http://sites.target.com/site/en/company/page.jsp?contentId=WCMP04- 040400 • Target Scenario for this week: • Aquafresh Extreme Clean .8oz Travel Size: 97¢ – $1.07 – Use one $1.00 off of one Any Aquafresh Extreme Clean Product coupon, here: http://www.aquafresh.com/Savings.aspx • Kikkoman Soy Sauce, 10 oz $1.42 (Regular Price) – Use one $1.00 off one Kikkoman Product coupon or SmartSource - http://www.kikkomanusa.com/dragon/ = as low as 42¢ for the Soy Sauce • Market Pantry Boxed Macaroni & Cheese PSA 5.4 oz 2-serving Box for 42¢ (Regular Price) – Use $1.00 off 1 Market Pantry Boxed Macaroni & Cheese Target Web Coupon (exp: 2/7/12) - http://coupons.target.com/ = FREE after coupon • Yoplait Light With Granola Yogurt 6-oz. 2-pk. $2.29 (Regular Price) – Use a 75¢ for one Yoplait Light With Granola 2-pk. Target Web Coupon (exp: 1/28) - http://coupons.target.com/ – Use 75¢ for one Yoplait Light with Granola coupon, here: http://www.totallytarget.com/NewsAmerica =79¢ each • Buy two Centrum Pro Nutrients Omega 3 Minigels 50 ct $9.99 – Use a $5.00 off two Centrum Multivitamins AND ProNutrients Supplement Target Web Coupon exp: 2/7/12 - http://coupons.target.com/ – Use two $5.00 off one Centrum ProNutrients coupon, here: https://www.wyethallbrands.com Page 7 = $2.50 each! Walmart • No Incentive Program • Walmart will accept a manufacturers coupon as well as some competitor coupons (with some limitations) for each item. For more complete details, check their coupon policy. • Walmart will "price match". • Walmart manufacturer coupons: http://coupons.walmart.com/ • Copy of Walmart Coupon Policy: http://walmartstores.com/7655.aspx • Walmart Scenario for this week: - Benefiber (3 stick packs), $1.98 each - $3.00 off of one Benefiber Stick Pack printable - http://benefiber.com/specialOffers/index.shtml = FREE (+ $1.02 overage) after coupon! HEB • No Incentive Program • HEB will accept a manufacturer's coupon and a "store coupon" for the same item. (There is a catch!) 99.9% of HEB "yellow" coupons are, in fact, manufacturer coupons. They also have "S" and "B" store coupons. • Print HEB coupons: http://www.heb.com/weekly-ads/ads-coupons.jsp • Copy of HEB Coupon Policy: http://www.heb.com/page/weekly-ads/ads-coupons/coupon-policy • HEB Scenario for this week: o Resources Blogs • http://www.thecentsableshoppin.com • http://thekrazycouponlady.com • http://www.southernsavers.com The Grocery Game is a paid resource: http://www.thegrocerygame.com Class Handouts and Slideshow: • http://www.rmsautoparts.com/media/dcf-coupon-slides.ppt • http://www.rmsautoparts.com/media/classhandout.pdf Page 8
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The present invention provides a device for studying particles in a fluid that advantageously allows particles having a broad range of particle size, e.g., in the 3-1000 μm range, to be readily imaged and counted.
1. A system for analyzing particles in a fluid, said system comprising:
a flow chamber having a chamber depth for receiving a sample of fluid to be analyzed;
a video system positioned to image particles in the fluid passing through said flow chamber;
imaging optics for focusing light from said flow chamber onto said video system, said imaging optics including a depth of focus enhancer which matches the depth of focus to said chamber depth; and
means for storing and analyzing images obtained by said video system.
2. The system of claim 1 further comprising:
a light source arranged to direct excitation light onto said flow chamber; and
a detector positioned to detect fluorescence and/or scatter light produced by particles in the fluid passing through said flow chamber, said detector generating a trigger signal whenever fluorescence and/or scatter light is detected, wherein said video system images particles in the fluid passing through said flow chamber in response to said trigger signal.
3. The system of claim 2 further comprising a high intensity light source positioned to backlight said flow chamber in response to said trigger signal.
4. The system of claim 1 wherein said video system automatically images particles in the fluid passing through said flow chamber at a predetermined time interval.
5. The system of claim 4 wherein said predetermined time interval is one second.
6. The system of claim 1 wherein said video system comprises a framegrabber and a video camera.
7. The system of claim 1 wherein said chamber depth is 1 millimeter.
8. The system of claim 1 wherein said depth of focus enhancer is a binary optic element.
9. The system of claim 1 wherein said means for storing and analyzing images includes:
means for displaying an interactive scattergram comprising a graph plotting particle size against particle fluorescence; and
means for subsequently displaying the images in a particular region of said scattergram when said region is selected.
10. A method for analyzing particles in a fluid, said method comprising the steps of:
passing a sample of fluid to be analyzed through a flow chamber having a chamber depth;
using imaging optics to focus light from said flow chamber onto a video system, wherein said imaging optics include a depth of focus enhancer which matches the depth of focus to said chamber depth;
imaging particles in said fluid passing through said flow chamber with said video system;
analyzing images obtained by said video system; and
storing data obtained in said analyzing step.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein the step of imaging particles in the fluid passing through said flow chamber comprises:
directing excitation light onto said flow chamber, and
detecting fluorescence and/or scatter light produced by particles in the fluid passing through said flow chamber;
generating a trigger signal whenever fluorescence and/or scatter light is detected; and
imaging particles in the fluid passing through said flow chamber in response to said trigger signal.
12. The method of claim 10 wherein the step of imaging particles in the fluid passing through said flow chamber comprises imaging particles in the in the 3-1000 μm size range.
13. The method of claims 10 wherein the step of analyzing images obtained by said video system includes determining the size of each imaged particle.
14. The method of claim 10 wherein the step of analyzing images obtained by said video system includes determining the peak fluorescence of each imaged particle.
15. The method of claim 10 wherein the step of analyzing images obtained by said video system includes determining the time of particle passage for each imaged particle.
16. The method of claim 10 wherein the step of analyzing images obtained by said video system includes determining the image location for each imaged particle.
17. The method of claim 10 wherein said step of analyzing images comprises:
displaying an interactive scattergram comprising a graph plotting particle size against particle fluorescence on a display;
selecting a particular region of said scattergram; and
displaying the images in said selected region on said display.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/064,829, filed Oct. 21, 1997.
The present invention relates to a device and method for studying particles in a fluid.
Microscopic marine particles can dramatically affect, and be affected by, water properties. For example, marine particles have been shown to be indicators of water properties such as pollution, nutrient distribution and water mass boundaries. They have also been shown to control significant properties of water including fluorescence, oxygen and nitrogen content, opacity and light attenuation. Finally, marine particles are living at the very bottom of the food web, and thus can dramatically affect life all the way up the food chain. Thus, it is important to fully understand the properties and distributions of the particles present in water.
Several instruments are available to study individual marine biological particles, including in-situ, on-vessel, and laboratory instruments. However, the currently available instrumentation that is used for marine particle analysis has limitations. Currently, because it is difficult to achieve a sufficient flow rate to enable accurate counting of cells while retaining imaging capability, there has been an ongoing need for instrumentation capable of analyzing and imaging marine particles in the 3-1000 μm range both in the lab and on board a vessel.
The present invention provides a device for studying particles in a fluid that advantageously allows particles having a broad range of particle size, e.g., in the 3-1000 μm range, to be readily imaged and counted
The device includes optics which provide an excellent depth of field, allowing the use of a "deep " sample chamber and high flow rate to enable the user to image particles in a relatively large sample of flowing fluid accurately and quickly. In preferred embodiments, the device includes software capable of storing and analyzing the images thus obtained, eliminating the need for manual counting and visual inspection of the particles. Moreover, in preferred devices, recording of an image is triggered by fluoresce or scattered light from a particle in the field of view, thus eliminating imaging of portions of fluid which contain no particles.
The device of the invention can be used to image marine particles or other biological particles in a fluid, and is suitable for use in a laboratory or in other environments, for example onboard a vessel.
In one aspect, the invention features a device for studying particles in a fluid that includes a depth of focus enhancer, an optical device including a unique binary optical element which increases the depth of focus of the imaging system.
In another aspect, the invention features a device for studying particles in a fluid that includes a triggering mechanism whereby particle fluorescence or scattered light triggers a signal which results in the imaging of particles passing through the flow chamber.
In another aspect, the invention features devices for studying particles, including computer algorithms that acquire particles images, generate size and scattered light and fluorescence files, and perform interactive scattergram functions. The interactive scattergram functions provide a size/fluorescence light graph ("scattergram") plotting particle data and allow the user to select a region of the scattergam, e.g., with a computer mouse, and display images of particles with properties in the selected region.
The invention also features methods of using the above devices.
Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the description of the preferred embodiments thereon, taken together with drawings.
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a device for studying particles in a fluid according to one embodiment of the invention FIG. 1a is an enlarged perspective view of the flow chamber of the device of FIG. 1.
FIG. 2 is a view of the device of FIG. 1, with portions of the device omittede for clarity, and with a detailed view of the optics in the device.
FIG. 2a is a view of the depth of focus enhancer included in the optics in FIG. 2.
FIGS. 3-3C are a schematic diagram of a circuit that would be suitable for use in triggering the device of FIG. 1.
FIGS. 4-4B are flow charts of the algorithms for software suitable for use in the device of FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a photolithographic process that may be used to form the depth of focus enhancer of FIGS. 2a and 2b.
FIG. 1 shows a system 10 for the automated counting and sizing of marine particles. The system 10 includes a low fluorescence flow chamber 15 (i.e., a flow chamber formed of a material that does not readily fluoresce, e.g., microscope glass and low-fluorescence UV curable optical grade epoxy adhesive), including an inlet 20 and an outlet 25. The flow chamber 15 defines a channel 15a (shown in FIG.. 1a) through which a particle-containing fluid flows at a predetermined rate.
A light source 30 is used to generates fluorescence and scatter excitation light which is passed through the imaging optics 35 to the flow chamber 15, resulting in particle fluorescence and/or light scatter. The light source is preferably a mercury arc lamp with 440 nm excitation filter 33, or alternatively a 488 nm laser. Any particle fluorescence emissions from the flow chamber 15 (FIG. 1, 2) that have a wavelength of 535 to 900 nm are monitored with the system emission filters 43 and a high sensitivity photomultiplier tube (PMT) 40. The PMT output is processed by detection electronics 45. Preferably, the detection electronics 45 are provided with user-adjusted gain and threshold settings which determine the amount of fluorescence or scatter required for the system to acknowledge a passing particles.
If a sufficiently fluorescent particle passes through the flow chamber 15 a PMT fluorescence signal is sent to the detection electronics 45, which then generate a trigger signal (See FIG. 3, discussed below). The detection electronics 45 also preferably include a mechanism whereby the user may alternatively select a setting which automatically generates a trigger signal every second. The trigger signal causes a very high intensity LED flash 50 to backlight the flow chamber 15 and image the passing particles. The very high intensity LED flash 50 is preferably a 670 nm LED which is flashed under the flow chamber for 200 μsec (or less) to capture an instantaneous image of the particles in flow on a video camera 60, which is positioned above the flow chamber 15. The trigger signal also causes a framegabber 55 and video camera 60 to image the flow chamber 15 while the LED flash 50 is occurring, allowing the framegrabber 55 to acquire this image immediately. The computer 65 may then measure the particle and store the data for later analysis.
The detection electronics 45 provide an amplified version of the PMT fluorescence signal to the analog-to-digital converter of computer 65. The software of computer 65 monitors the amplified version of the PMT fluorescence signal before, during and after the fluorescent events determine the peak fluorescence of each triggering particle. As will be discussed in detail below, with reference to FIG. 4, when a fluorescent particle is detected, the software scans the resulting image, separating the different particle The image of each particles is extracted from the image of the flow chamber 15 an inserted in a file. A special file is used to store the information on each particle, including the file location of the particle image, the particle size, fluorescence and time of particle passage.
Imaging Optics
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the epi-fluorescence and imaging optics 35 (shown as a "black box " in FIG. 1). The imaging optics 35 include, but are not limited to, a 0.12 numerical aperture 4� microscope objective 75 to image the particle flow onto the video camera 60, focus fluorescence excitation light from the light source 30 onto the flow chamber 15 and focus the resulting particle fluorescence or scattered light onto the system PMT 40. A dichroic mirror 80 prevents the light from the light source 30 from reflecting back from the flow chamber 15 into the video camera 60. A partial mirror 85 splits the light from the light source 30, directing some of the light (preferably about 50%) to the video camera 60 and the remainder of the light to the PMT 40. A dichroic mirror may be used in place of the partial mirror 85.
The length and width of channel 15a of flow chamber 15 are selected to exactly match the field of view of the imaging optics 35 (1 mm across and 1 mm deep). This keeps all of the particles flowing through the flow chamber in focus, removing the need for a focussing sheath flow, and thereby enabling accurate counting of cells while retaining imaging capability. A depth of focus enhancer 70 is used with the objective 75 to increase the system depth of focus. Preferably, the depth of focus enhancer is designed to increase the depth of focus to match the channel depth. The depth of focus enhancer 70 allows the use of a thick flow chamber 15 with a high flow rate (e.g., up to 10 ml per minute) while maintaining very high image resolution without the depth of focus enhancer 70, the desired depth of focus would be difficult to attain without decreasing the system numerical aperture by a factor which would degrade the resolution and decrease the light throughput of the system, making it difficult to detect particle fluorescence.
Depth of Focus Enhancer
FIG. 2a is an enlarged view of the depth of focus enhancer 70 included in the optics in FIG. 2. The depth of focus enhancer is an optical element that imparts a prescribed phase delay onto an incident wave-front through materials of varying thicknesses and possibly with different indices of refraction. The optical components which impart the phase delay are normally made of ground and polished glass. The shape of the optical element is shown in FIG. 2a. Preferably, the element is configured to impart a phase delay on incident light such that the microscope objective has a continuum of foci rather than a single focus. This may be accomplished by an element which imparts spherical aberration to the lens.
The depth of focus enhancer 70 is preferably a "binary optical element", an optical element fabricated by etching the desired phase delay into a glass substrate by a series of photolithographic exposure and etch steps. The rest is that a quantized version of the desired waveform is etched into the glass.
A binary optical element is fabricated by a series of etches where material in the substrate glass is etched a prescribed depth or not etched at all. If, as is generally the case, the etch is depth halved for each successive etch cycle, the result is that for n etch cycles, there will be 2n possible different levels in the substrate. Generally n is between 1 and 5. The resulting pattern in the substrate is a quantized version of the desired pattern much like the output of a digital to analog converter, with a quantization level of MAX/2n where MAX is the maximum value of the waveform.
Usually, the waveform to be synthesized in the binary element substrate is on the order of several wavelengths. For example, a typical binary optical element realization of a lens is generated with as many as 100 wavelengths of curvature. Since the number of etch cycles is generally within the range of from 1 to 5, binary optical elements are generally crated by taking advantage of the fact that an arbitrary delay is optically identical to that delay minus a delay of Mλ, where M is any integer and λ is the optical wavelength of design. This wrapping property allows the designer to compress the lens design by subtracting the largest possible value of Mλ from the wave to be approximated, crating a resulting waveform which ranges from 0 to λ. If the designer then converts this compressed form to a quantized waveform, the binary element is an effective approximation of the desired waveform with a maximum effective error of 2-n λ.
Once the wrapping process has been applied to the desired waveform, it is possible to generate the photolithography masks for the binary optic element. This is accomplished with a successive approximation technique where successive powers of two are subtracted from the desired waveform. Considering that any waveform W that is between 0 and λ may be approximated by ##EQU1## where ωk =1 or 0, the n etching of the etching of the binary optical element may be generated by successively subtracting power of two from the original waveform. Putting this mathematically, if we let
ρi =ith radial sample
Qk =Kth mask, k=1, . . . n
we can describe the series of n masks as ##EQU2## The graph below illustrates the desired waveform and fabricated waveform for a four-level fabrication process with folding over and a step size of λ/4. ##STR1##
Photolithography is used to transfer the binary optical waveform onto the substrate. The glass substrate is prepared for this process by carefully cleaning it of contaminants by a wash with acetone and methanol. It is then rinsed with de-ionized water and dried with a jet of dry nitrogen. The process is repeated until the substrate is absolutely clean. Next, a thin layer of photoresist (e.g., 1.3 microns of positive resist, Microposit 1813, Shipley, Inc., Marlborough, Mass.) is spun onto the substrate. The substrate is then placed in a bake oven for half an hour to harden the photoresist for the exposure and develop processes. The resist is then exposed to ultraviolet light through the photolithography mask, placed in close contact with the substrate (See FIG. 5). Next, the photoresist is developed, leaving resist where the mask was opaque (a positive process). The substrate is then placed in an acid etch where the resist protects the underlying area from being etched. The etched depth must be carefully controlled to impart the appropriate phase delay at each location. In general, the delay W glass caused by a step of glass of height Δ air is
Wglass =Δ(nglass -nair)
nglass =glass substrate index of refraction
nair =1.0(index of refraction of air)
Using this and the act that mask n is used to create a delay of 2-n λ, the appropriate depth to etch is ##EQU3##
This etch depth can be imparted to the substrate by characterizing the etch rate for a given etching process and then carefully controlling the etching time. A suitable solution is 5% HF in NH4 F. This was found to etch the soda-lime glass slide at 180 nm/min with agitation.
Finally, after the etch, the photoresist is removed with an acetone wash and the substrate is rinsed with de-ionized water. The end product of this processing is a substrate with the mask pattern etched in glass. The substrate may then be sent through further resist-mask-etch cycles to transfer more levels to the phase profile.
The predominant aberration required for depth of focus enhancement is primary spherical, which can be completely described by a fourth-order polynomial. With this in mind, we designed two binary optical elements based on a fourth order polynomial: a two-level element and a four-level element. In general, the fourth order polynomial is of the form:
OPDApprox =γρ2 +βρ4
which means the phase function associated with this is:
Φapprox =k(γρ2 +βρ4)
If we take the first derivative of this, we find that the spatial frequency of the phase is: ##EQU4##
The size of the phase feature for Φapprox is the multiplicative inverse of the spatial frequency. Also for a given binary corrector, the phase steps are given by ##EQU5##
Multiplying the phase steps by the size of the phase features and scaling the result to the radius of the objective aperture stop, a, we fine that the minimum feature size of the binary element is: ##EQU6## Once the parameters γ and β were computed to generate a useful depth of focus, we found that the misfocus parameter, γ, could be slightly adjusted to achieve a feature size no smaller than 200 μm for the two-level element, which simplified fabrication The four-level corrector minimum feature size was no smaller than 100 μm. Graph (a), below, shows the effective phase profiles of two and four level depth of focus-enhancing elements. Preferably, the four-level enhancer is used. ##STR2## Detection Electronics
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit that would be suitable for use in triggering the device of FIG. 1. The system light detector signal is amplified by the variable gain circuit comprised of operational amplifier U1. The user may manually adjust the gain of the circuit with the with the potentiometer attached to the terminals at J5. The amplified signal is present for computer analysis at the output labeled "Analog Out." Comparator U2 compares the amplified signal to a threshold set by the potentiometer R4. If t he signal exceeds the threshold, the output of U2 pin 2 goes to logic 1. This value causes the trigger LED to illuminate, alerting the user to the presence of a triggering signal. The trigger also clears flip-flop U6-A pin via U3 and capacitor C9.
Sync stripper U4 provides vertical synchronization signals from the system video camera. These are used to generate synchronized flow chamber LED flashes and computer trigger signals (trigger out). When a vertical synchronization signal arrives from the video camera, the U4 VSO signal sets U6-A pin 1. The transition of U6-A pin 1 forces the transistor Q2 output low via capacitor C13. As C13 charges, Q2 ceases to pull down trigger out
The high-low transition of trigger out activates the variable delay output of U7. After a time determined by R18 and R16 and C15, U7's output rises, charging capacitor C14 and temporarily pulling dow pin 7 of J8 which is used to drive the high intensity LED for flow chamber backlighting. Transistor Q3 may be driven by external signals to pull down this same pin 7 under computer and to provide continuous backlighting.
This circuitry assures that a light detector signal (fluoresce or scatter) which may occur at any time results in signals which trigger the computer and LED flash only after the next video vertical synchronization signal. This results in clear images on the video camera and hence, at the computer.
The auto-trigger circuit comprised of U8 and U9 divides the video frame even/odd signal by 10, and if selected by the user switch J9 or computer control line J8, provides a video-synchronized trigger out and LED flash which may be used to randomly sample the flow stream, and also results in clear images.
Imaging and Analysis Software
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the algorithm for the in-flow particle imaging and analysis system software used by computer 65 to store and analyze images. When a trigger is generated (i.e., a fluorescent or light scattering particle is detected), the software scans the resulting image, separating the different particle sub-images in it. The area of each particle is measured by summing the number of pixels in each particle image below a software selected threshold and multiplying the result by the equivalent physical area of a pixel. This computed area of the particle is stored in a spreadsheet-compatible file along with other properties of the particle, e.g., its measured peak fluorescence, time of particle passage, and the location of the particle in the image. The sub-image of each particle is copied from the chamber image and saved with other sub-images in a collage file. Several of these collage files may be generated for each system experiment. A special system file is generated, containing the collage file location of each particle sub-image, particle size, fluorescence and time of particle passage.
The system software has two data review modes: (1) image collage and (2) interactive scattergram. In the image collage mode, the user may review a series of sub-images in a collage file using the computer mouse to select desired sub-images. Reviewing these files allows the user to identify particle types, count particles, or study other features.
In interactive scattergram mode, data is presented to the user as a dot-plot; e.g., a graph of particle size vs. particle fluorescence or light scatter. As shown by the algorithm in FIG. 4a, if the user selects a region of the scattergram with the computer mouse, images of particles having the characteristics plotted in that region are displayed on the computer screen this allows the user to study particle populations and to examine images of particles with specific sizes or fluorescence, such as cells of a specific type. Because a spreadsheet compatible file is generated for each experiment, the user may also review the data with a spreadsheet program. This information allows the user to readily generate cell counts and fluorescence or scatter and size distribution histograms for each sample. This file also contains the location of each particle in the original image which is used to remove redundant data from particles that have become attached to the flow chamber.
Other embodiments are within the scope of the invention.
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