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An electrode array that minimizes blood loss for radiofrequency-
assisted hepatic resection
D.J. Schutt1, A.P. O'Rourke3, J.A. Will4, J.G. Webster2, D.M. Mahvi3, and D. Haemmerich1,5
1Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, 165 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC
2Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
3Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
4Department of Animal Health and Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
5Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, SC, USA
Hepatic resection is currently the standard treatment for liver cancer. During hepatic resection part
of the liver containing the tumor is surgically removed. This type of surgery is accompanied by high
blood loss of ~0.6 – 1.35 L. Blood loss is associated with increased complication rates, prolonged
hospital stay, and reduced patient survival, especially when transfusion is required. Other researchers
have suggested using radiofrequency (RF) or microwave ablation to coagulate a tissue slice before
resection to reduce blood loss, but conventional devices typically take several hours. We developed
a device consisting of a linear array of blade-shaped, 1cm wide radiofrequency (RF) electrodes 1.5
cm apart. Bipolar RF power is applied between pairs of adjacent electrodes, leading to high tissue
temperatures between the electrodes that promote coagulation of large vessels (>mm) in the resection
plane. Rapid switching of applied power between pairs of adjacent electrodes allows simultaneous
heating and coagulation of the entire resection plane within 3 – 6 min. In 7 in-vivo trials in a porcine
model, resection along a plane pre-coagulated with the device resulted in little (<20 mL) to no blood
loss, while coagulating all vessels (up to 4.5 mm diameter in this study). Average treatment time
(from placement of the device to transection) was 6.8 ± 0.5 min when 4 electrodes were used, and
11.3 ± 1.2 min when 5–7 electrodes were used. This device may reduce blood-loss related morbidity
during resection and reduce treatment time by coagulating all vessels in the resection plane.
Resection; blood loss; radiofrequency; ablation; liver; coagulation; electrode array
I. Introduction
Despite recent advancements in the efficacy of tumor ablation therapies, surgical resection
remains the gold standard for treatment of both primary and metastatic liver cancer 1,2. In a
liver resection, either one of the two liver lobes is surgically removed (anatomical resection),
corresponding author: Dieter Haemmerich, 165 Ashley Ave, PO Box 250915, Charleston, SC 29425, Phone: (843) 792 1396, Email:
Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers
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Author Manuscript
Med Eng Phys. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2008 July 9.
Published in final edited form as:
Med Eng Phys. 2008 May ; 30(4): 454–459.
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or part of a single lobe is removed (partial resection), depending on tumor location(s). Hepatic
resections are associated with a high rate of intraoperative bleeding, with an average blood loss
between 600 and 1350 ml 3,4. As a result, 28 to 55% of patients undergoing a resection require
blood transfusion 5,6. Several studies have shown an adverse correlation between blood loss
and complication rate, patient survival, and length of hospitalization 3,6,7. Similarly, hepatic
resections that require blood transfusion have higher complication rates and decreased long-
term patient survival rates 5. The further reduction of intraoperative blood loss (and therefore,
a reduction in the number of transfusions) is thus advocated by many surgeons.
Several studies have suggested the use of radiofrequency (RF) or microwave ablation in
conjunction with hepatic resection 8–11. In this technique, a plane of tissue is coagulated by
sequential applications of microwave or radiofrequency energy, using conventional ablation
electrodes. Resections performed after thermal coagulation of the resection plane in this fashion
exhibit a marked decrease in mean blood loss; one study employing a RF-assisted technique
reported a mean blood loss of just 30 ml during partial resections 10. Current limitations
associated with these methods are the large number of sequential ablations required to
precoagulate the resection plane, and the necessity to individually ligate all vessels larger than
~3 mm. Recently, two specialized devices have become commercially available for RF-assisted
liver resection, the Tissuelink Floating Ball device (Tissuelink Medical, Dover, NH) and the
Habib 4x device (Rita Medical Systems, Fremont, CA). However, the former device is not
capable of coagulating all blood vessels in the resection plane (even with partial vascular
occlusion) 12, while the Habib 4x requires a large number of sequential applications, resulting
in long treatment times 13.
Our device applies RF energy in the bipolar mode to adjacent pairs of parallel bladeshaped
electrodes in a linear array (Figure 1). Rapid switching of the applied RF energy between single
electrode pairs enables simultaneous thermal coagulation of the entire resection plane. We have
previously presented preliminary in-vivo results using an earlier prototype of this device
demonstrating coagulation of a 1.5 cm thick plane of liver tissue in 3 to 6 min 14, which is
significantly less time than other RF assisted resection methods. The device was also previously
used successfully in a series of porcine in-vivo partial nephrectomies 15. In additional
preliminary in-vivo experiments in the porcine liver, however, we found that not all blood
vessels were fully coagulated by the earlier prototype device in all trials. Therefore, we refined
the device's power delivery algorithm, and present further in-vivo results in this study
demonstrating the ability of the device to fully coagulate all blood vessels present in the
resection plane of the porcine liver, including quantitative data regarding number and diameter
of blood vessels from pre-treatment intraoperative ultrasound scanning.
II. Materials and Methods
Device description
Figure 1 shows the electrode array used in this study. The physical dimensions of the blade
electrodes and holder were derived from the dimensions of a typical human resection plane,
which is 9 cm deep (max) by 15 cm long. The electrode array consists of ten parallel stainless
steel blades held in place by a Teflon holder. Each blade has a sharpened tip to reduce the force
required for insertion into the tissue. The blades measure 1 mm by 10 mm and are each 15 cm
long. The blade width (10 mm) was designed so that the plane of coagulation would be
approximately 2 cm wide. This particular width was selected to allow enough coagulated tissue
for effective transection without damaging excess tissue. The blade holder measures 2.5 cm
by 3 cm by 16.5 cm. It consists of two blocks of machined Teflon that are held together by
three set screws, which allow the user to adjust the clamping force as desired. The spacing
between the blades is 1.5 cm, which was derived from computer models 14.
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Experimental setup
We apply RF power to the blade electrodes in a bipolar mode. In this mode, a voltage from the
RF generator is applied between two adjacent electrodes, resulting in current flow between
them and subsequent heating of the tissue in the region between the electrodes due to ionic
friction. This differs from the traditional monopolar mode of RF power application, in which
current flows from an active electrode in the tissue to a large dispersive electrode located on
the skin (typically near the thigh) some distance away from the ablation site. In addition, power
application is rapidly switched between adjacent electrode pairs in a repeating sequential
fashion with a fixed switching period of 150 ms (see example in Figure 3).
Figure 2 shows a block diagram of the system used in this experiment. We used a PDX 500
(Advanced Energy, Fort Collins, CO, USA) RF generator that can supply up to 500 W of RF
power at a frequency of 375 kHz. A Visual Basic program (Microsoft) running on a laptop PC
controls the RF generator power Pgen by a control signal CP, and the time period tn for each
electrode pair n by signal Ct via an electronic switch. During each switching cycle, the RF
generator power Pgen applied to each pair was calculated based on the desired average power
for that pair Pn and the number of currently active pairs, N:
Since each electrode pair is active only 1/Nth of the time, N times as much power has to be
applied to obtain the desired average power for each pair. Initially, 10 W average power (Pn)
was applied to each pair, and then the power for each pair was increased stepwise by 2 W every
8 s. This initial value of Pn and the magnitude of the power increase were determined from
preliminary in vivo experiments, with the goal of achieving temperatures near 100 °C in the
target tissue in ~2 min.
The measured impedance for each electrode pair, Zn, was calculated during each switching
cycle and used to implement an impedance control algorithm similar to those used in
commercial ablation systems (to prevent tissue charring and dessication in the region near the
electrodes). After 20 s, the program calculated an impedance threshold for each electrode pair,
which is 130% of each pair's impedance value at that time (Figure 6). Once Zn for a particular
pair reached its impedance threshold, that pair was left out of the switching cycle for 10 s (i.e.
no power was applied to the pair). During this time, the applied RF power continued to switch
between the other active pairs, unless Zn for another pair also exceeded its impedance threshold
(in which case it was also left out of the switching cycle for 10 s). After a pair that had reached
its impedance threshold had been skipped for 10 s, it was reactivated in the power switching
cycle with 30% lower power Pn (to deter further impedance rises for that pair).
In vivo Experiments
Preapproval for animal experiments was obtained from the Institutional Animal Care and Use
Committee, University of Wisconsin, Madison. A total of 7 liver lobes were resected from 2
domestic swine (~55 to 60 kg) in this study. The animals were injected intramuscularly with
the narcotic preanesthetic Telazol®, anesthetized with inhaled halothane, and intubated via a
tracheostomy. The abdominal wall was then incised to allow unencumbered access to the liver.
At the conclusion of each experiment, the animals were euthanized by an intracardial injection
of potassium chloride.
For each trial, between 4 and 7 blade electrodes were sequentially inserted along the desired
resection plane, depending on lobe size. Intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) was used before
each trial to locate and measure all blood vessels in the resection plane that were greater than
2 mm in diameter. IOUS was also used during all electrode insertions to avoid puncturing blood
vessels. A custom Teflon template was placed underneath the lobe to prevent puncture or
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thermal damage to other organs. Immediately prior to the insertion of the electrodes, hepatic
inflow was occluded via the Pringle maneuver, in which the hepatic artery and portal vein were
clamped. The total time of power application was dependent on the number of blades employed,
since the electronic switch in our prototype device only had 4 channels allowing activation of
4 blades. Thus, for resection planes with 4 blades, power was applied for 3 min. For resection
planes with 5 to 7 blades, power was applied to the first 4 blades (3 pairs) for 3 min, followed
by the remaining blade pairs for 3 min, for a total power application time of 6 min.
After each trial was completed, the lobe was resected using a scalpel along the distal (in relation
to blood flow) electrode edge. After transection, the device was carefully removed from the
coagulated edge of the lobe. We then took photographs of each tissue slice using a digital
camera and noted which blood vessels measured on IOUS before each trial were not coagulated.
ImageJ software (NIH) was then used to determine the total coagulated area of each resection
plane from the photographs.
III. Results
All 7 lobes were successfully ablated and resected using our device. The coagulated slice was
between 2–3 cm wide. A total of 19 vessels between 2.0 mm and 4.5 mm (median 2.8 mm) in
diameter were found in the 7 resection planes using IOUS (Table 1). After transection, none
of the vessels exhibited bleeding that required ligation. The total blood loss after transection
of each plane was estimated to be <20 mL by the attending surgeon (APO), and was 0 mL in
the majority of cases (n=4).
Figure 4 shows a representative lobe during one of the procedures, and Figure 5 shows another
lobe immediately after transection. In addition to the complete coagulation of all vessels, no
bleeding or bile leaks from the liver parenchyma were observed in the regions between the
blades in any of the trials. The average time required for each trial and the average area of the
coagulated surface for each trial are summarized in Table 2. As previously noted, the time
required for the 5 to 7 blade trials was longer because they required two separate 3 min power
applications (6 min total).
Figure 6 shows the impedance between and power delivered to a representative pair of
electrodes during the course of one of the trials. The average power delivered to each pair
during all trials was 18.3 ± 4.1 W and the average maximum power delivered during each trial
was 46.0 ± 5.4 W.
IV. Discussion
The use of RF pre-coagulation to reduce blood loss during hepatic resections has become
increasingly widespread with two specialized devices now commercially available. Although
the reduction in mean blood loss reported by previous studies is encouraging, the techniques
and devices employed require several individual applications of RF or microwave energy, with
correspondingly long procedural times. In addition, standard RF devices are not able to fully
coagulate vessels larger than 3 mm in diameter in the resection plane. To address these
limitations, we developed a device capable of thermally coagulating a typical hepatic resection
plane in 3 to 6 min, including full coagulation of all blood vessels 14.
The most straightforward method for pre-coagulating a plane of tissue with an electrode array
would involve the insertion of the array along the desired plane and subsequent application of
RF energy in the monopolar mode to all electrodes simultaneously. This method has several
disadvantages. First, commercial clinical RF generators are incapable of supplying enough
power to heat the tissue around a large number of electrodes simultaneously. More importantly,
prior modeling results have shown that when multiple electrodes are placed in tissue in close
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proximity to each other and simultaneously energized, little current flows in the region between
the electrodes, and thus little heating occurs there 14,16.
For these reasons, we used the bipolar mode of RF power application in our device. This mode
has two advantages for this device. First, no ground pads are required since at any time, the
RF power ground is connected to one of the electrodes in the tissue, not an electrode on the
skin. Ground pad skin burns are already a common complication of clinical monopolar RF
ablations (which use a maximum power of 200 – 250 W), and since rapid coagulation of a large
tissue slice requires much higher power (up to ~400 W), skin burns below ground pads would
be likely if the monopolar mode were used with this device. Secondly, previous computer
modeling experiments have shown that bipolar ablation produces higher, more uniform
temperatures between adjacent electrodes than monopolar ablation 14,17.
Initially, we created computer models where we applied bipolar power to all of the electrodes
in the array simultaneously; i.e. the electrodes were all energized simultaneously with
alternating polarity (+ polarity, − polarity, +, −, etc.). However, the resulting temperature
profile was not uniform between each electrode pair. In addition, this method did not allow
independent power regulation between each pair to account for variations in tissue thickness
and the presence or absence of heat-sinking blood vessels.
As a result, we investigated the application of bipolar RF power to a single pair of electrodes
at a time, rapidly switching the energy delivery to each pair of electrodes in the array in a
repeating sequence (Figure 3). This technique takes advantage of the relatively slow time
constant of conductive heat transfer in tissue (typically in the range of seconds). If power
application is switched sufficiently quickly between electrode pairs, little heat is transferred
away from the target tissue during the time when each pair is not energized, and the whole
tissue plane can be virtually heated simultaneously. This rapid switching technique has
previously been used with monopolar RF energy to create large ablation zones in ex vivo tissue
Computer models of this switched bipolar power application algorithm in combination with
blade shaped electrodes showed excellent concentration of current density between the
electrodes and correspondingly high, as well as uniform, temperatures (see Figure 7) 14.
Additionally, since power is delivered to only a single electrode pair at a time, the applied
power can be controlled individually for each pair, allowing more uniform heating of the entire
tissue plane. In our prior study, power was switched between each pair every 600 ms 14. This
time period did not prove to be sufficient to fully coagulate all blood vessels in the resection
plane, so in this study we modified the control software to switch the power between the
electrode pairs every 150 ms. Since we were able to completely coagulate all blood vessels (up
to 4.5 mm diameter) in this study, we believe that this switching period is sufficiently short for
the device to be effective in this regard. However, as the number of active electrode pairs is
increased (i.e. more than our current prototype's 3 pairs), the amount of time that a given pair
will not have power applied to it will increase correspondingly, and the switching time period
may need to be reduced to compensate.
To determine the ideal electrode design and spacing for this device, we relied on our previously
reported computer modeling results demonstrating that bipolar RF ablation using rectangular,
blade-shaped, electrodes produced significantly higher temperatures in the region between
adjacent electrodes than standard needle electrodes14. Additionally, further modeling
demonstrated that a 1.5 cm blade separation creates a more uniform ablation zone width than
a 2 cm blade separation. The same models suggested that a 1.5 cm blade separation creates a
similar ablation zone width as a 1 cm blade separation. Both of these modeling results were
verified in preliminary ex-vivo and in-vivo experiments. We used the 1.5 cm separation in this
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study instead of 1 cm because it required fewer electrodes to span a given resection plane (e.g.
for a 6 cm long resection plane, 5 electrodes would be required at 1.5 cm spacing, or 7 electrodes
with 1 cm spacing), resulting in less tissue trauma during electrode insertion.
We have in a previous study used an earlier prototype to perform partial kidney resection 15.
In the current study we applied the device to liver resection in a porcine model. We were able
to provide a coagulation plane within 3 min for resection planes that required 4 electrodes or
less, and within 6 min (2×3 min) if more than 4 electrodes were required. This is due to a
limitation of the current prototype that allows switching between a maximum of four
electrodes; a future design may circumvent this limitation. In addition, we were able to
coagulate all blood vessels in all seven trials in this study, which were up to 4.5 mm in diameter
as measured by IOUS. This is close to the maximum blood vessel diameter expected in human
liver resection (~5 mm). We used liver inflow occlusion during this study to ensure coagulation
of all vessels, but currently have no data on performance of our device when occlusion is
While in initial studies tumor ablation electrodes were used to sequentially coagulate small
tissue volumes along the hepatic resection plane 8–11, recently two commercial devices have
become available for this purpose. The Tissuelink device (Tissuelink Medical, Dover, NH)
uses a small spherical electrode that is assisted by saline infusion; the electrode is manually
moved along the resection plane to dissect tissue while coagulating 19. This is a lengthy
procedure and does not allow coagulation of vessels larger than 3mm in diameter even when
occlusion is used12. A second device, the Habib4x (Rita Medical Systems, Fremont, CA) uses
two pairs of needle electrodes with 1 cm spacing to precoagulate the resection plane with
multiple sequential ablations - typically with blood inflow occlusion. While there is currently
no extensive data available on performance of this device, the large number of required
applications to created a coagulation plane results in significantly lengthier procedures than
the device described in this study13.
V. Conclusion
We developed a device that rapidly coagulated the hepatic resection plane in an animal model.
Our prototype system was able to coagulate a 2 – 3 cm thick slice of tissue that spanned the
length of the resection plane in 3 to 6 min, while successfully coagulating all blood vessels (up
to 4.5 mm diameter) in the plane. This device shows promise in the effort to reduce blood loss
and operating time during liver and kidney resections.
VI. Acknowledgements
This work was conducted in a facility constructed with support from the National Institutes of Health, Grant Number
C06 RR018823 from the Extramural Research Facilities Program of the National Center for Research Resources.
VII. References
1. DeMatteo RP, Fong Y, Blumgart LH. Surgical treatment of malignant liver tumours. Baillieres Best
Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 1999;13:557–574. [PubMed: 10654920]
2. Song TJ, Ip EW, Fong Y. Hepatocellular carcinoma: current surgical management. Gastroenterology
2004;127:S248–S260. [PubMed: 15508091]
3. Jarnagin WR, Gonen M, Fong Y, DeMatteo RP, Ben-Porat L, Little S, Corvera C, Weber S, Blumgart
LH. Improvement in perioperative outcome after hepatic resection: analysis of 1,803 consecutive cases
over the past decade. Annals of Surgery 2002;236:397–406. [PubMed: 12368667]discussion 406–7
4. Kokudo N, Vera DR, Tada K, Koizumi M, Seki M, Matsubara T, Ohta H, Yamaguchi T, Takahashi
T, Nakajima T, et al. Predictors of successful hepatic resection: prognostic usefulness of hepatic
asialoglycoprotein receptor analysis. World J Surg 2002;26:1342–1347. [PubMed: 12297928]
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5. Kooby DA, Stockman J, Ben-Porat L, Gonen M, Jarnagin WR, Dematteo RP, Tuorto S, Wuest D,
Blumgart LH, Fong Y. Influence of transfusions on perioperative and long-term outcome in patients
following hepatic resection for colorectal metastases. Annals of Surgery 2003;237:860–869. [PubMed:
12796583]discussion 869–70
6. Rees M, Plant G, Wells J, Bygrave S. One hundred and fifty hepatic resections: evolution of technique
towards bloodless surgery. British Journal of Surgery 1996;83:1526–1529. [PubMed: 9014666]
7. Nagasue N, Ono T, Yamanoi A, Kohno H, El-Assal ON, Taniura H, Uchida M. Prognostic factors and
survival after hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma without cirrhosis. British Journal of
Surgery 2001;88:515–522. [PubMed: 11298618]
8. Pellicci R, Pasqualini M, Stella M, Percivale A. Radiofrequency Assisted Liver Resection: A New
Technical Device. Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2003;7:279.
9. Tabuse K, Katsumi M, Kobayashi Y, Noguchi H, Egawa H, Aoyama O, Kim H, Nagai Y, Yamaue H,
Mori K, et al. Microwave surgery: hepatectomy using a microwave tissue coagulator. World Journal
of Surgery 1985;9:136–143. [PubMed: 3984365]
10. Weber JC, Navarra G, Jiao LR, Nicholls JP, Jensen SL, Habib NA. New technique for liver resection
using heat coagulative necrosis. Annals of Surgery 2002;236:560–563. [PubMed: 12409660]
11. Zhou XD, Tang ZY, Yu YQ, Ma ZC, Xu DB, Zheng YX, Zhang BH. Microwave surgery in the
treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Seminars in Surgical Oncology 1993;9:318–322. [PubMed:
12. Sturgeon C, Helton WS, Lamba A, Chejfec G, Espat NJ. Early experience employing a linear hepatic
parenchyma coagulation device. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2003;10:81–86. [PubMed: 12827477]
13. Ferko A, Lesko M, Subrt Z, Melichar B, Hoffman P, Dvorak P, Vacek Z, Liao LR, Habib NA, Koci
J, et al. A modified radiofrequency-assisted approach to right hemihepatectomy. Eur J Surg Oncol
2006;32:1209–1211. [PubMed: 16950592]
14. Haemmerich, D.; Schutt, DJ.; Will, JA.; Striegel, RM.; Webster, JG.; Mahvi, DM. EMBC 2004. San
Francisco: 2004. A device for radiofrequency assisted hepatic resection.
15. Pareek G, Wilkinson ER, Schutt D, Will JA, Warner TF, Haemmerich D, Mahvi D, Nakada SY.
Haemostatic partial nephrectomy using bipolar radiofrequency ablation. BJU International
2005;96:1101–1104. [PubMed: 16225536]
16. Haemmerich D, Tungjitkusolmun S, Staelin ST, Lee FT Jr, Mahvi DM, Webster JG. Finite-element
analysis of hepatic multiple probe radio-frequency ablation. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical
Engineering 2002;49:836–842. [PubMed: 12148822]
17. Haemmerich D, Wright AW, Mahvi DM, Lee FT Jr, Webster JG. Hepatic bipolar radiofrequency
ablation creates coagulation zones close to blood vessels: a finite element study. Medical and
Biological Engineering and Computing 2003;41:317–323. [PubMed: 12803297]
18. Haemmerich D, Lee FT Jr, Schutt DJ, Sampson LA, Webster JG, Fine JP, Mahvi DM. Large-Volume
Radiofrequency Ablation of ex Vivo Bovine Liver with Multiple Cooled Cluster Electrodes.
Radiology 2005;234:563–568. [PubMed: 15601891]
19. Yim AP, Rendina EA, Hazelrigg SR, Chow LT, Lee TW, Wan S, Arifi AA. A new technological
approach to nonanatomical pulmonary resection: saline enhanced thermal sealing. Ann Thorac Surg
2002;74:1671–1676. [PubMed: 12440628]
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Figure 1.
The array of blade electrodes (shown with a full complement of 10 blades). The Teflon block
ensures that the spacing between the blades is uniform, and maintains parallel alignment of all
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Figure 2.
Prototype system: An electronic switch relays power provided by a commercial RF generator
to the currently active electrode pair. Generator output power is controlled by a software
algorithm running on a PC, and is dependent on the number of currently active electrode pairs.
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Figure 3.
Diagram of rapid switching scheme: in this example with 4 blades (i.e. 3 blade pairs), each
pair of adjacent electrodes receives power for 150 ms every 450 ms. After the last pair is
energized, power is reapplied to the first pair, and the cycle continues.
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Figure 4.
A representative lobe during RF power application. Lines were drawn on the surface of the
liver to indicate the desired resection plane and the location of large vessels.
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Figure 5.
In this particular trial with 6 blades, no bleeding occurred after the tissue was sliced. The area
of the coagulated surface in this trial was 15.0 cm2.
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Figure 6.
The power (dashed line) applied to an electrode pair is increased every 8 s until the measured
impedance (solid line) rises above (arrows) the impedance threshold (dotted line), which is
calculated 20 s after the start of the trial (as 130% of the impedance value at that time).
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Figure 7.
Temperature distribution after 3 min ablation in bipolar mode between needle electrodes (left),
and blade electrodes (right). Blade electrodes produce significantly higher, and more uniform
temperatures. Reproduced with permission from (14).
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Table 1
Vessels coagulated during the 7 trials, sorted by diameter. Each vessel was measured and recorded using IOUS prior to each trial. For
vessel diameters, we report the smallest measured diameter to account for possible non-orthogonality of the vessel to the imaging plane.
Lobes 1–3 were from pig #1 and lobes 4–7 were from pig #2.
Pig #
Lobe #
Vessel Dia. (mm)
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HOME | Kitchen Charts | Food Dictionary
Amish Sawdust Pie
1 1/4 cups brown or granulated sugar
1 1/2 cups chopped pecans
1 1/2 cups vanilla wafers or graham cracker crumbs
1 1/2 cups flaked coconut
1/2 teaspoon cinnamon
1/2 teaspoon nutmeg
7 egg whites, (unbeaten)
1 (9-inch) unbaked pie shell
Sliced bananas
Cool Whip for topping
Combine the first seven ingredients in large bowl and stir well until blended. Pour into pie shell and bake at 375 degrees F, watching closely to prevent over-baking. Bake for 35 minutes or until filling is set.
Slice pie. Top each slice of pie with banana slices and Cool Whip. Serve warm at room temperature.
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- Designed in a midi length, back measurement 97cm / 38.25"
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- Model Height: 178cm, 5'10", Bust: 33", Waist: 25", Hips: 35"


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Recipe by Heinzitup.com
"Fun and filling, Sloppy Joes are the perfect solution for a speedy supper before driving the kids to practice or rehearsal. Moist, meaty and satisfying these tasty sandwiches will appeal to the kid in all of us."
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1 tablespoon
vegetable oil
1 small
onion, chopped
1/3 cup
chopped green pepper
1 pound
lean ground beef
1 1/2 cups
Heinz Tomato Ketchup
1 tablespoon
Heinz Worcestershire Sauce
2 tablespoons
brown sugar
1/4 teaspoon
1/4 teaspoon
sandwich buns
My mom and I loved this recipe. I didn't have onions or green pepper but flavored the meat with onion powder and garlic powder. It was easy and yummy!! Thank you!!
Way too ketchupy and sweet for me. Will try a new recipe next time
19 Ratings
This was a good basic recipe. Very tomatoey and ketchupy though. As it is, it is alright, but not one of my favorites. I thought it was way too oniony so I ended up picking about half of them back out.
This is my FAVORITE sloppy joe recipe. My sister made them for me once and I loved them! She directed me to the recipe so I could make them for my hungry roommates. These satisfied the most hard working sailors! I made a big batch expecting leftovers but I swear they ate 5 each. If you're cooking for men, be sure to double or triple the recipe ;)
I added a tablespoon of regular ol' yellow mustard fir a bit more zing-- this is a family favorite!
BEST BEST BEST EVER!!!!!!!!! These are the best sloppy joes I have ever had plus supper easy and great leftovers?? MAKE THIS!!
Simple and delicious. I might never buy sloppy joe packet mix again.
I actually made a vegetarian version using Tempeh. I only used 3/4 cup ketchup, used yellow pepper and added a bit of chili powder - making it again tonight!
* Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet.
Classic Sloppy Joes
Serving Size: 1/8 of a recipe
Servings Per Recipe: 8
Amount Per Serving
Calories: 336
Calories from Fat: 97
Celebrate Passover with Jewish main dishes, desserts, and traditional holiday foods.
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Watch how to make this delicious cafeteria classic from scratch.
See how to make a super quick-and-easy recipe for sloppy joes.
These kid-pleasers are tasty--and really aren't all that sloppy!


text: My review is only based on my coffee experience, which was outstanding. They have a nice espresso set up, and may drink was great and cheap! The staff was very nice, and they place was always busy. This was my morning espresso fix while staying in Concrete for North Cascades exploring.


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Ariz. cops ditch codes for 'plain English'
By Senta Scarborough
The Arizona Republic
MESA, Ariz. — For Mesa police officers, it's back to plain talk.
The day of using codes on police radio channels in Mesa is coming to an end.
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Ariz. cops ditch codes for 'plain English'
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National Women's Hockey League Created Unions, Inglewood NFL Developers Reach Deal NFL Eyeing Germany For Regular-Season Game Packers To Don New Throwback In '15 TV Pundits Question NFL About Goal-Line Cameras U.S. Rep Presses Goodell On NFL Tax Exemption WTA's Allaster Focusing On Fan Feedback Vikes Selling Personalized Bricks At New Venue NFL May Move Up L.A. Stadium Timeline Goodell Working With Titans On Ownership Structure
Upcoming Conferences and Events
SBD/October 21, 2011/Leagues and Governing Bodies
NFL Changes Owner Committee Heads; Texans' McNair Now Finance Chair
Published October 21, 2011
TESTS BEGIN MONDAY: On Long Island, Bob Glauber reports NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell has "written a letter to two members of Congress outlining the league's plan to begin collecting blood specimens as soon as Monday in order to begin testing all players for HGH." The letter was sent Wednesday to Rep. Darrell Issa (R-Calif.) and Rep. Elijah Cummings (D-Md.), and "reiterated a six-point plan that Goodell said both sides had agreed to last Friday." Goodell in the letter said that the league "would begin collecting blood samples as soon as Monday, but that testing wouldn't begin until details of the program could be worked out with players" (NEWSDAY, 10/21). Goodell also wrote that a "mutually acceptable third party would meet with WADA, the world anti-doping agency, and USADA to review the science underlying the HGH tests" (AP, 10/20).


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Volleyball: Wingers' season ends in Farmington
With one win in the regular season and coming into Wednesday's Section 1AAA match as the No. 12 seed, Red Wing had nothing to lose.
Facing off with fifth-seeded Farmington in the opening round of the section tournament, the Wingers played some of their best volleyball.
"We arrived to the game late with bus issues, so we had a slow start," Red Wing assistant coach Kelly Norman said. "Once we got things going, we were right with them."


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Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3
Magneto/Doom/Sent best starting team?
I actually somewhat agree with him. When you think about it, Magneto is only hard to master, but as far as basics go, you can actually pretty much do a lot of things with him. His mobility is one of the most standard out of all the high tier characters, has a basic easily accessible beam, his MMHS works normally, has an OtG level 1, an easily comboable level 3, medium sized, and low-health.
Doom then fits perfectly into the equation with his awkward mobility as it then teaches the player that there are things that are character-specific. He retains the air mobility and easy zoning capabilities, simple MMHS loops work well, will eventually teach the player about air dash cancels, etc.
Sentinel at the back is also one of the easiest to use assists in the game, and is one of the easiest to use anchors. I admit I was using Sentinel back in my vanilla days when I was still getting a feel of how the game was playing. I pretty much abuse Sentinel a lot lol.
UMvC3: Felicia (B) / Amaterasu (B) / Strider (Y). Offline player.
"Ask them to stop spamming hitconfirms" ~Karsticles (08/23/2012)
SlydeSlym posted...
Natsume_Tien7 posted...Maybe Ryu/Captain America/Sentinel?
Hmm I look back at that and I worded it badly.
I meant dumb as in abusing the assists is dumb. Assists should be used somewhat strategically, if you just use them back to back you're gonna get blown up. I read his thoughts about the team being good for beginners due to zoning abilities and assists, I just don't agree, not that I didn't understand.
I believe the characters I posted have all-around abilities, I was more giving my own opinion than basing it off of his. Sorry for the confusion. x3
"Stupid people can believe in anything, so you can believe in yourself!" -JoJo
RobIsntDrunk posted...
It's a team that teaches you very little about the game.
My Ultimate Dormammu Guide: http://tinyurl.com/6mr4lhv
My UMvC3 Team Building Guide: http://tinyurl.com/8x865ra
Karsticles posted...
RobIsntDrunk posted...Hulk/Nem/Sent
It's kind of like learning SSF4 starting with El Fuerte. All you were taught was throwing, going in and never stopping.
Perfection hinders progress...
PSN: TheRealKaji <?????/?????/?????>
I say Felicia would be the best starting character because...
-she really teaches you about resets and tick throws.
-she has a charge move (something that certain characters find valuable)
-her missions basically tell you that you can combo off of her throws. Not many missions do that.
-she has below average health which tells you that you need to be careful with your offense.
-Felicia also lacks projectiles so you're going to have to know how to approach.
-Back in vanilla, you had to know about tiger knee have her be effective.
Am I missing anything else important about her?
Is on good traders list:(http://www.gamefaqs.com/boards/2000447-gran-turismo-5-trade/58041301)
PSN: GANGxMEMBER XboxGT: I Gang Member I
Best starting teams are Vergil/Wesker/Strider, Vergil/Wesker/Doom, Vergil/Wesker/Magneto. This is blatantly obvious that most scrubs do well in those teams.
I'm going to ****ing rip your throat out if you wake me up again. And if you touch the poster, I'll slap you across the face with your own esophogus
Newuser posted...
Best starting teams are Vergil/Wesker/Strider, Vergil/Wesker/Doom, Vergil/Wesker/Magneto. This is blatantly obvious that most scrubs do well in those teams.
There is no arguing with someone that has nothing but hate for something...
Perfection hinders progress...
PSN: TheRealKaji <?????/?????/?????>
KajinNinja posted...
Karsticles posted...RobIsntDrunk posted...Hulk/Nem/Sent
This is marvel, isn't that the entire point of the game? its not like you can beat any good players without knowing about the game
People complain about lag when the connection is flawless.
Natsume_Tien7 posted...
Maybe Ryu/Captain America/Sentinel?
Hulk-Captain-Sentinel works for me :P
PSN: Grimsley-San; <3Tim + Kayla<3; WKCII: Prime Knights
Playin: BBCSE, WKCII, UMVC3, KOF94-96/XIII, MVC2, SF3OE, SSFIVAE, VF5FS, SCV,
RobIsntDrunk posted...
KajinNinja posted...Karsticles posted...RobIsntDrunk posted...Hulk/Nem/Sent
Oh riiiight! I forget that I think im the only one that exists that runs away all match. whoops xp.
and you lost me on that last part there... I think.
Perfection hinders progress...
PSN: TheRealKaji <?????/?????/?????>


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New Super Smash Bros. Bundle Announced
Bundle will include Wii U version and three amiibo figures
Bundle will include Wii U version and three amiibo figures
Soldier on, soldier on
Shows off new bundle
An alleged twitter image adds to the speculation
Keep on Keepin' on
A game truly lost in translation
Nintendo rewards Platinum Club Nintendo Users
Two for One!
Characters include Ridley, Mewtwo, and others
The Demon King returns!
At least it has good music...
An eclectic group of newcomers and veteran Smash Bros. fighters
Shows off GamePad functionality
Teased for release in other territories
Will only be purchasable at Nintendo World Store
Two thousand and ten ways to die
Elementary, my dear Wright
Read 'em and weep
Project Ukulele - Possible Hint at Characters
Could it be?
Free to Play Pokemon Shuffle now available on 3DS eShop
Nintendo offers another micro-transaction based title
Gold Mario Amiibo is a Wal-Mart Exclusive
Get ready to shell out your coins
Area Effect Announces Izle for Wii U
Part action, part adventure, all cel-shaded
Nintendo Confirmed As Sponsor For APEX 2015
Another positive step for the Smash competitive scene
Majora's Mask 3D Collector's Edition Contains Skull Kid Figurine
Pre-orders are now open!
Ackk Studios Rings in the New Year with New Y2K footage
Starting the New Year with a bang!
Is Nintendo Making A New Wii U Gamepad?
Recent commercial may have leaked new GamePad model
Zeldathon Relief Announced
Pot smashing for a great cause
Why the Inclusion of The Duck Hunt Dog in Super Smash Bros. Was Brilliant
How the the most hated character in video games rose to the top of the Smash heap
Rock'N Racing Off Road
Released on January 29th, 2015
Spy Chameleon
Released on December 25th, 2014
Shantae And The Pirate's Curse
Released on December 25th, 2014
Toon Tanks
Released on December 25th, 2014
Released on December 18th, 2014
Michael Jordan said:
No they're making it from the movie ... Speed Racer: The Video Game
daveoneal said:
Thanks Rob. I had no idea this one was published. I'm very happy about it! Yes, Jonathan, it is hard as all get-out, ... Street Fighter 2010: The Final Fight review
daveoneal said:
This was a very well-written review. Apparently Super Hexagon was developed by Terry Cavanagh (who made vvvvvv), so ... Cosmophony review
dirk said:
:p p ... TMNT: Smash Up
dirk said:
cool :p ... TMNT: Smash Up
Wii's World is not officially affiliated with Nintendo! (but they wish we were).


text: Powers is the first series to come from Sony PlayStation's original programming push, a partnership with Sony Pictures Entertainment, and it's not rated "E" for everyone. With comic books as its source material, the racy superhero cop drama from creator Brian Michael Bendis is a custom fit for the PlayStation user base, especially users that pony up $50/year for Sony's PlayStation Plus subscription service. And it's that particular demographic the PlayStation group is keen to pursue with any future projects. "We are a gaming company, so we want to do what's best for gaming and for our gamers," says PlayStation VP of Platform Marketing John Koller. "We're going to make a decision here after we see how Powers does. But whatever we do, it'll be very centered on the gamer and the gaming audience and what caters best to them."


text:
Join our E-Newsletter to receive periodic news, recipes, event announcements and discount coupons on our fine wines! Click here to register!
Coming this month!
Blues at the Winery
Those who enjoy sipping a glass of Lakeridge wine and listening to 'The Blues', this event is a must see. By popular demand, the area's most talented Blues musicians such as "Beautiful" Bobby Blackmon, will perform on the outdoor stage the entire weekend.
Learn more...
Looking for a local retail outlet that carries your favorite Lakeridge wine? Click here...
Lakeridge Vineyards
Breeding programs over the past 50 years by plant geneticists and food scientists have brought about dozens of new types of Muscadine grapes and bunch grapes, some of which are excellently suited to winemaking. The bunch grape varieties used in our wines are Suwannee , Stover, and Blanc Du Bois. The Muscadine varieties we use are Noble (red); Carlos, Welder, and Magnolia (whites). Our vineyard does not provide all the grapes we need. To supplement our vineyards we contract with local growers who specialize in these grape varieties. We have been growing grapes here since 1988.
About Us | Food & Wine | Vineyards | Wine Making | Wines | Festivals & Events | Order | Home Page
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Ireland injury worries worsen
June 5, 2010
Jerry Flannery has a calf problem © Getty Images
Ireland's tour of New Zealand and Australia has become yet more taxing following injuries to wing Shane Horgan, hooker Jerry Flannery and centre Fergus McFadden.
The trio came off second best in a bruising loss to the Barbarians at Thomond Park on Friday night, with Ireland boss Declan Kidney confirming that Horgan will not travel after pulling out of the starting line-up with a stomach bug. The Leinster man was hospitalised as a result and was replaced by Leicester's Johne Murphy in Limerick, although his coach did not rule out the possibility of him joining up with the squad at a later date.
McFadden suffered a broken jaw and will need a six to eight week rehab period, leaving Ireland with a headache prior to next weekend's meeting with the All Blacks in New Plymouth.
"We have Fergus McFadden who took a crack on the jaw," he said. "Johne Murphy came in today when Shane pulled out, so we have cover in Johne. Jerry Flannery went down and aggravated his calf a little bit."
Ireland's plans have already been rocked by the withdrawal of lock Paul O'Connell, centre Keith Earls and hooker Rory Best. Flannery will remain in Ireland to be monitored, with Damien Varley travelling with the squad.
"We had Damien Varley at training during the week, he was keeping an eye on things," Kidney said. "You can't cover every eventuality, but I think we have cover with a fair few of them already.
"If it looks like Jerry can't travel, we will get Damien on the flight and bring him over with us. We have Sean [Cronin] and John Fogarty with us as well. Numbers will stay about the same - we don't expect having to bring more than the 34 or 35 just yet."
© Scrum.com
|Live Scores
'Concussion is not worth the risk'
Concussion, relegation and the mother of all surprises - it's the Monday Maul.
Jones key to Wales World Cup plans
Huw Richards assesses where Wales are after a mixed Six Nations, with front row seats still very much available for the World Cup
Attacking revolution will be fleeting
John Mitchell lapped up the action on 'Sensational Saturday' - but warns not to expect a repeat come Rugby World Cup time later this year
Ireland, England are dangers if ...
Craig Dowd warns England, Ireland and Wales they should play to their strengths rather than those of the All Blacks and the Wallabies


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If your team is listed below, you are officially registered and entered into this tournament.
Teams listed below have begun the registration process and are penciled in to attend this event. Your spot is NOT Guaranteed. You must finish the payment process by the entry deadline to be officially registered and entered into this tournament.
Firecrackers NV Peek
Las Vegas NV
Bhc Az
Wolf Pack Fastpitch
Battle Ground WA
Lady Scorpions
North Las Vegas Nevada
Colorado Venom
Lakewood Colorado


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Helping good people through bad times since 1992
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Belleville, IL 62226
The Bankruptcy Center is exclusively dedicated to assisting clients through the bankruptcy process. Each year our bankruptcy lawyers represent close to a third of all people who file in Southern Illinois.
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Weird Friends - Building Creative, Reciprocal Partnerships
Whether you're looking to affect change on your team or inside your company, partner with other companies or build relationships across sectors, it always helps to remember that organizations are made of people. Building reciprocal, valuable relationships with a broad array of people—your weird friends—opens up surprising new avenues and opportunities. Join Carl Atiya Swanson from Springboard for the Arts for a practical workshop...
Wednesday, April 8, 2015
Best Buy Corporate CampusRichfield, MN
2015 Annual Awards Luncheon
Celebrate the Corporate Volunteerism Council's 35th Anniversary! The Corporate Volunteerism Council – Twin Cities (CVC-TC) Annual Awards Luncheon is an opportunity for those involved in growing volunteerism in our communities to network with fellow volunteer leaders, make new friends and showcase the important work of the CVC-TC and its members through the CVC-TC Innovation Award and Minnesota Employee Engagement Award. We are pleased to share that our keynote speaker is R.T. Rybak...
Wednesday, May 6, 2015
MUSE Event CenterMinneapolis, MN
It's Time to Renew!
Your membership helps us fulfill our mission to support and grow workplace volunteerism to improve communities. Support CVC-TC with your membership renewal today! New to CVC-TC? Learn more here.
CVC-TC Company Spotlight
Read about a different CVC-TC member each quarter. This quarter, we shine the spotlight on Simpson Housing Services. What is your favorite part about being a CVC-TC member? Christina Giese is proud to be a new member of the CVC-TC.... [read more]
Annual Report
Programs / Training Events
Watch here for upcoming training information as it becomes available.


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SACRAMENTO - Thousands of Californians seeking to buy their own health insurance flooded call centers with questions and overloaded the state's online marketplace Tuesday on the first day of a new federal health care law that will dramatically change the way Americans buy health insurance.
A new Central Valley flood plan is in the process of being created, and public input is strongly encouraged.
A series of workshops highlight the Turlock Planning Commission meeting this Thursday, with a focus on potential amendments to the City's regulations on temporary signs and sign spinners.
A group of 25 professionals are gearing up to take on the future of Turlock's economic growth, many with an open mind and genuine readiness to see the city's prosperity continue.
The California minimum wage is set to increase to $10 per hour by 2016 after Governor Jerry Brown (D) signed the bill into law on Wednesday.
California will soon permit undocumented immigrants to obtain a valid California driver's license, as the highly contested Assembly Bill 60 (AB-60) passed both the California Senate and Assembly and is currently awaiting the Governor's signature.
The nuisance of driving down the pothole infected Monte Vista Avenue will soon be a thing of the past as the City makes plans to begin construction by mid-October.
After 60 years of serving the Turlock community, the Employment Development Department will soon close the doors at its Broadway location and move to Modesto.
After passing the Assembly floor early last week, a bill created by Assemblywoman Kristin Olsen (R-Modesto) is currently awaiting the Governor's signature. The bill would see veterans and active-duty military members receive free admission to state parks on both Memorial and Veteran's Day.
Although sidewalks are considered public domain, Turlock property owners are held financially responsible for maintaining and repairing the sidewalk adjacent to their property.
Construction can soon be expected near Del's Lane and Golden State Boulevard within the coming months, as the City Council approved an agreement on Tuesday evening to move forward with intersection improvements in the area.
U.S. Representative Jeff Denham (R-Turlock) wants to see more jobs in his hometown. Last week, Denham announced his 2013 Central Valley Job Fair in his efforts to spur employment in Stanislaus County.
Groundwater in downtown Turlock is contaminated, and the city is working to clean it up.
Turlock residents can expect some serious changes in the zoning ordinance in the near future.
Every day 20 to 30 individuals find temporary respite from the streets at the Turlock Gospel Mission Homeless Assistance Ministry. Turlock's first homeless day center opened in February 2012 in the city's former youth center on East Avenue.
The selection process for the 2015-2016 Stanislaus County Civil Grand Jury has started. Citizens interested in serving on the Civil Grand Jury are encouraged to contact the Grand Jury Office at 558-7766 or go on line at: http://stanct.org/sites/default/files/Affidavit%202015_2016.pdf to download an application form.
It's a common complaint in Turlock: Why is their road being fixed and not mine?
Events could be returning to the downtown Turlock area with a bridal showcase this spring and a monthly food fair this summer pending the Turlock City Council's approval of road closures for the events at Tuesday's City Council meeting.
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NISHA NATH speaks to Reghunatha Pillai whose new novel `Cicadas Takes Life' is out in the standsReghunatha Pillai, a 50-year old KSRTC bus conductor, is in the limelight yet again with his new novel `Cicadas Takes Life.' The novelist has established through his new book that he is a born writer. Reghunatha made his mark in the literary world with his first novel, `The Cry of Cicadas,' published in 2005 by Pen Books. "You came to the bare and ugly streets of city in search of love," Noushad Ali's poem quoted in the novel reflects his humanitarian attitude towards society. The novel, which depicts the life of three generations, is replete with the agony of living and the degradation of society brought on by politics. Personifying cicadas as the symbol of agony in his novels, he says that the cicada is our constant follower. "We always search for it but it is difficult to spot. We feel the presence of cicadas whenever we are alone," says the author. The novelist recalls the compliments he got from writer Kamala Suraiya after she read his novel."I want social renaissance to happen through my novels. Social injustices drive me to write novels," says Reghunatha. Even when he is on duty, he has a copy of Gunter Grass' `My Century.' "Books are my companion throughout my journey," he says. The voracious reader refuses to name a favourite writer as he says it could be too long a list. He feels that his profession is a boon as it helps him observe and comprehend people and caricature them in his novels.
Mastery over languageHis mastery over language is evident in his narrative style that is lush with subtle use of imageries and metaphors. "I acquire language through reading," says Reghunatha. "It is Nature that inspires the artist in man," says the novelist who is delighted when he is in the heart of nature. He says that the picturesque beauty of Kilimanoor has always been his muse. In the new novel `Cicadas Takes Life,' the novelist brings to life the plight of Govind and his family who were compelled to leave their native land and become refugees due to the various development projects initiated by the Government. Reghunatha raises a question against Government with his new book. As the cry of cicadas rise in the air, Reghunatha Pillai hopes that his cry against grim realities will also be echoed in society.
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1. Place butter or margarine in a small bowl. Microwave at 10% (LOW) 30 seconds or until softened. Add celery salt, parsley and tarragon; mix well. Set butter or margarine mixture aside at room temperature.
2. Wash onions, leaving outer skin intact. Trim top and bottom off each onion. Pierce onions deeply several times with a large fork. Wrap each onion in waxed paper, twisting ends loosely to seal. Microwave at 100% (high) 5 to 7 minutes or until tender; turn onions over and rearrange after 3 minutes. Let stand, wrapped, 2 minutes.


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If you're looking for a wedding venue that's a little less ordinary you've come to the right place. We've been collecting unique wedding venues for over a decade and gathering them together in one place (so you don't have to waste precious hours trawling the tinterweb!). What's more, we've even got a team of wedding lovelies available by phone and email to help find your perfect wedding venue. With this wealth of wedding venue info and general wedding gorgeousness at our fingertips, we felt it was only right to share it on our blog. Enjoy!
Country House Wedding Venues is the UK's most exclusive wedding venue club. Our
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No one understands weddings better than we do. We want to experience this exciting
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Did you get married at one of our venues? If so we'd love to hear from you! Please
The South East of England is one of the most wonderfully romantic places in the whole of the country and the perfect place to exchange your vows.
Do-it-yourself weddings are on the rise. Brides and grooms are taking decorations into their own hands and making their weddings more personalised than ever before
In today's venue review, Wedding Venue Specialist, Bahareh, tells us about her trip to one of Hampshire's best barn venues, The Barn at Bury Court. Read on to find out exactly what she thought of the boutique-style barn and its countryside setting…
Simple, elegant touches brought Alexandra and Joel's springtime wedding to life, held at Leicestershire's Mythe Barn
Sometimes, budget or allocated holiday restrictions mean that a two-week holiday to a faraway destination just isn't feasible. However, all is not lost. A tighter time-frame, budget or a closer destination does not mean that amazing experiences are n
The award winning Peggy Porschen shares her thoughts on current cake trends, and her very own wedding cake creations.
When planning a wedding, particularly choosing the venue, size does matter. Little or large, we can help you search for the perfect venue, no matter what size of wedding you're planning.
So you're getting married, and whether you're the first or last in your group of friends to do so, you can guarantee that they'll be thinking at least one, if not all of these things whilst they join you and your better half on your big day.
Spring has definitely sprung, and with the first season rearing its head it is a perfect excuse to look at just some spring wedding flower inspirations.
If you're looking for a beautiful wedding venue in Berkshire, look no further. Let our Wedding Specialist, Julia, tell you all about the wonderful Wasing Park…
Melanie and Martin celebrated their special day amidst the beautiful countryside at Curradine Barns
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Faces & Names: 'Modern Family' star joins cast of 'Hair'
Sarah Hyland is going to spend three days in August singing on stage for a lot of people.
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Would love to claim this is one of mine but unfortunately it isn't. It is a massive lily well over 6 feet tall, with up to 30 10 inch blooms.
All Rights Reserved Worldwide. All photographs are owned and copyright by Michael Cummings. Do not use, edit or in anyway alter without written permission. Please contact me if you have an interest in using any image in my collection.
January in Lilies of all Kinds Calendar
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Tones in the back remind me of a watercolor !
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Thank you Joyce
– Michael Cummings
Gorgeous capture!
Thank you Ruth
– Michael Cummings


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This film which was released in 2013 was directed by Gonzalo López-Gallego. Full cast of the movie; Sharlto Copley as John, Joseph Morgan as Nathan, Thomas Kretschmann as Lukas, Erin Richards as Sharon, Josie Ho as Brown Eyes, Max Wrottesley as Michael, M. Frakes as U.S. Marine Driver. Here is the summary; A mature person wakes wide awake inside the wilderness, inside a pit filled with deadened bodies, plus no memory plus must give the meaning of assertion precisely if the murderer is one among the strangers who rescued him, or if he himself is the killer.
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Police: New Albany mother delusional before drowning her children
3:04 AM, May 18, 2013
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Police: New Albany mother delusional before drowning her children
A New Albany, Ind., mother suffered from a postpartum mental disorder when she drowned her two children before she died with them in an icy creek in March, police said Friday.
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Honda activa scooter showrooms in north delhi
Honda Activa-i
Honda Activa-i is powered by an engine with a displacement of 109.2 CC. Its maximum power is 8.1PS. The dimensions of the motorcycle are 1795 x 705 x 1115 mm (length X width X height). The bike's seat height or the ground clearance is 165. ... read more
Honda Activa 125
Honda Activa 125's engine displacement is 124.9 CC. Its engine generates a maximum power of 8.7PS. The exterior dimensions of the bike are 1814 x 704 x 1151 mm (length X width X height) while its ground clearance is 155. ... read more
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Used Cars
Honda Accord 2.4 M/T (2011)
good condition car in petrol ... read more
|Registration no: HR26BJ0983
|Colour: White
|City: Delhi
|Asking Price: 11,00,000
Honda Civic 1.8 S MT (2007)
delhi reg car in noida ... read more
|Registration no: up
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Upcoming Cars
Honda New Jazz
Honda Jazz was one of the best cars from the stable of Honda and in the hatchback segment and it is all set to make a comeback. The new Jazz brings ma ... read more
Toyota Hiace
One of Toyota's largest selling vans is the Hiace Commuter and was showcased at the Delhi Motor Show in Jan 2014. The company might have plans to laun ... read more
User Reviews
Hyundai Accent Reviews
hai.i am ravi from hardwar.i have to buy a car.i went to showrooms of FORD IKON,FIAT LINEA,SWIFT DZIRE,ACCENT EXECUTIVE.But cost,interior,looks and trust in HYUNDAI i decided to buy accent executive.Drivings is comfortableread more
Skoda Fabia Reviews
With exuberance in driving cars from past 33 years and having had an opportunity to own and drive Fiat 1100D, Premier Padmini, Ambassador Mark II,III&IV, Maruti 800, Maruti OMNI, Maruti Esteem, Maruti Zen, Tata Estate, Tata Sumo, Fiat Sieana and Toyota Innova, I am fairly experienced in identifying read more
The automatic scooter segment in Indian two-wheeler market is growing rapidly. The companies, such as Yamaha has recently launched its male oriented Read more detail
When Honda launched the Activa in the year 2000, the company did not had any idea that in a few upcoming years this automatic scooter will become Indi Read more detail
Expert Reviews
Roadtrip with VFR1200F and CB1000R on the Honda One Wing Ride to Solan
Honda Motorcycle & Scooter India Pvt. Ltd (HMSI) organized a group ride to Barog for their Superbike owners from New Delhi on the 28th and 29th of read more
Vespa S scooter: First ride review
Piaggio India has presented yet another Italian delight in the form of the new Vespa S. The third unisex retro-classic scooter (the first two bein read more
Honda Activa - i Launch : Turbo 44
Honda launched the new Activa-i compact scooter for the young professional and targeting the female buyer. Same as the Activa technically, the Activa ...view video
TVS Scooty Zest Launch in India
TVS has launched an all new 110 cc scooter the Scooty Zest. Priced at Rs 42,300 , the Scooty Zest will take on the likes of Honda Activa in the market ...view video
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buying suzuki access125 or any other vehicle
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Marikar Motors Ltd ( Hindustan Motors)
North Round, Trichur, Kerala, North Round
Meghna Hyundai ( Hyundai)
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Phone: 03664-230531
Used Car Dealers
Shree Jay Ambe Auto Point
1 Urja Complex, Opp Mahadev Temple, Nr Visat Petrol Pump, Sabarmati, Ahmedabad - 380005Ahmedabad, Sabarmati
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Kalinga Motors
6, North West Avenue, Punjabi Bagh, New Delhi, 110026, Delhi, IndiaNew Delhi, Punjabi Bagh
Phone: 011-25222707
Phone: 011-25228900


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FamilyGTG - Family Tree
1,000 - 5,000 downloadsAdd this app to your lists
+ By FamilyGTG Inc.
- Create new family tree directly from the device.
- Import GEDCOM genealogy files easily (GEDCOM Viewer).
- Export family trees to GEDCOM files (send via email or store on device).
- Unlimited number of family trees can be added.
- Add and remove family members, and set relations between them.
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- Add some members to bookmarks list for easy reference later.
- Browse events calendar (birth, marriage, ...) for each month. Today's events are highlighted.
- Enable daily events reminders.
- Browse family photo gallery.
- View or share a log of family edits (member added/edited/removed, etc.).
- Undo/Redo logged family edits.
- Show statistics about the family tree.
- Sample family tree can be optionally downloaded.
- Change app language. Available translations: Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, and Spanish.
GEDCOM (GEnealogical Data COMmunication) files can be created by any desktop software. Send the file to your device via any method: bluetooth, ... etc. FamilyGTG then scans your device for any GEDCOM files (with .ged extention) so they can be imported.
[Version 1.3.2]
New miscellaneous features are added.
- New fields ('Census' & 'Property') are now supported.
- Photos referenced in events and family GEDCOM records are now imported.
- 3rd party file explorer apps (or Google Drive app) can now be used to directly pick up the GEDCOM file to import.
- German translation is now more complete.
- Arabic translation is added.
- New options to share & rate the app are added.
(42 stars)
Well done, I was able to import my GED file with no issues.
(42 stars)
I use a large bit of software on my desktop and laptop but often I don't have them with me. This app fills that gap very nicely.
(42 stars)
Scrolling through 7,000 people drives me balmy. The search button doesn't work on my device :(
(42 stars)
Thanks for changing the tree colours, pinch and zoom along with the tree layout look great. I now like this app as much as gramps on my PC, for me it needs to be simple to use and this is. I did not want an app that connects to a Web site with limited storage and on going costs. I need to be able to take it with me, using it off line, unlimited entries with notes and photo's. Again well done and
(42 stars)
The app does what you need it to if you are willing to enter everything by hand. It will not import gedcom files. [Period] Not worth it if you wish to import the bulk of your tree.
(42 stars)
This definitely is not Brother's Keeper which is only available for Windows and a hard act to follow. That said this app is certainly the best one currently available for Android platform. How can I say that, well I've tried what's available on Play. There are many readers out there but this is much more than a reader. This app does NOT ask you for an email address or to place YOUR data on a webs
(42 stars)
I've played with several viewers but having the ability to edit in the field gives this one the edge. Only reason I've not given 5 stars is that there is no zoom on the tree view which makes the text very small on my phone.


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|City Partner Hotel Berliner Hof Douglasstrasse 7, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany (0.5 miles from Badisches Landesmuseum)
Score from 284 reviews: ExcellentThis family-run, 3-star hotel offers free Wi-Fi internet and free use of the spa area. It lies in the center of Karlsruhe, just 220 yards from the Europaplatz S-Bahn (light rail) station. More…
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|Hotel Am Markt Kaiserstr. 76, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany (0.3 miles from Badisches Landesmuseum)
Score from 371 reviews: Good There is 1 person looking at this hotel.This 3-star hotel stands on Karlsruhe's market square, less than 300 ft from Marktplatz S-Bahn Train Station. It offers free Wi-Fi and a cafe with scenic views of Karlsruhe Palace. More…
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|Hotel Blankenburg Kriegsstr. 90, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany (0.6 miles from Badisches Landesmuseum)
Score from 330 reviews: Very good There is 1 person looking at this hotel.This small hotel in Karlsruhe city center offers soundproofed rooms, free Wi-Fi and a daily breakfast buffet. The Badisches Staatstheater theater is a 5-minute walk away. More…
$62 Average price per night
|City Hotel Karlsruhe Kaiserstraße 152-154, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany (0.5 miles from Badisches Landesmuseum)
Score from 240 reviews: GoodThis hotel enjoys a central location in Karlsruhe, right next to an S-Bahn (light rail) station. It is a 5 minute walk from the center of the city and 15 minutes from the university. More…
$49 Average price per night
|Kaiserhof Karl-Friedrich-Str. 12, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany (0.4 miles from Badisches Landesmuseum)
Score from 880 reviews: Very good There are 3 people looking at this hotel.Centrally located in Karlsruhe Marketplace, this stylish 4-star hotel offers free use of the sauna and free Wi-Fi. All of the soundproofed rooms have cable TV and a DVD player. More…
$93 Average price per night
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Dynamic & Energetic Administrative Assistant/Bookkeeper
~Professional Agribusiness operation with grass roots values
~Seeking a dynamic detail oriented professional
~Develop your career and grow with us
Hewitt Cattle Australia is a dynamic Agribusiness with 40,000 head of cattle under m...anagement throughout Central & Northern Queensland.
An exciting opportunity has become available to join our corporate team located in the Brisbane CBD.
About the Role
You will play an ...
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Affordable prices with high quality professional standards
Professional Resumes, Cover letters and Selection Criteria
We are a Sydney CBD located CPA Practice with heavy focus on quality on business and taxation advisory services. The director is also qualified for Chartered Tax Adviser with his degree in Law and Business.
REPORT– Directly to Director
MENTOR – Opportunity ...to be mentored.
WORK – Preparation of annual financial statements and tax returns for individuals, partnership, trusts, companies, and self-managed super funds.
• Quarterly preparation ...
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Human Spark Consulting
Call or sms 0417 063 668 for a prompt response
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My priority is to create GREAT resumes & obtain GREAT results!
Heavy Duty Plumbing is currently looking for a Junior Cost Estimator that is experienced in hydraulic and civil projects.
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The position will give you exposure to various small and large scale projects.
If you're interested please send your application to Charlie at
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support provided with assignments.all assignments done within 24-48 hours. plagerism free. good marks granted.
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There are pop-up shops, and then there is Irving & Morrison, a shipping container that has been transformed into one of London's most charming home-accessories shops. The brainchild of fabric designer Carolina Irving and interior designer Penny Morrison, the store has been planted at the Old Gasworks, a picturesque mews behind Chelsea Harbour lined with art and antiques dealers. Their wares—handmade silk lampshades, cushions and ottomans created from antique textiles—meld English country style with jet set–boho panache. Despite its apparent impermanence, the owners say the tiny shop is here to stay—unless some smitten customer orders the entire container and its chic contents (irvingandmorrison.com).
The Shipping News
Charming accessories at home in one tiny shop
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Winnipeg Free Press - ONLINE EDITION
Two found guilty of murder for house party killings
Two Winnipeg men have been found guilty of first-degree murder for a double killing inside a crowded house party.
The pair, who were 16 and 17 at the time of the December 2009 ambush in Elmwood, had been seeking convictions to lesser charges such as second-degree murder or manslaughter. But Queen's Bench Justice Perry Schulman ruled Friday the Crown had proven the attacks were cold-blooded.
The Crown now plans to seek an adult sentence against the pair, which would be life in prison with no chance of parole for at least seven years. As youths, the maximum penalty they could be given is six years custody and four years of community supervision.
Tyler Hawula and Matthew Reynolds, both 18, were fatally injured in the attack. A third victim, Kyle St. Germaine, suffered serious injuries.
Crown attorney Lisa Carson argued during trial earlier this fall that there was plenty of evidence to suggest there was the type of planning or pre-meditation needed to prove the charge.
"There was no hesitation, no confrontation, no pausing. (One of the accused) runs into the house as fast as he can, executes the plan and runs out of the house," Carson said in her closing argument.
"There was ample opportunity in terms of discussion of a plan. We know what was in mind was retaliation. We know they were going back to get even. They were going back to exact revenge, taking a loaded shotgun into a home filled with unarmed people."
A key Crown witness told court the shootings were "spontaneous." Cody Delorme admits being with the two accused at the time of the deadly attacks. He pleaded guilty previously to reduced charges of manslaughter and was sentenced to 11 years in prison.
"It went to hell in a second," Delorme told court. He went with the two accused and another teen to the home, believing they were going to possibly beat up someone, or maybe steal their alcohol and drugs, to "get even" for an earlier slight. He claims there was never a discussion about shooting the place up, even though one of the accused had grabbed a firearm before they got into a cab to go to the Martin Avenue residence.
"It was like, OK, we're going to go there. But what are we going to do when we get there?" Delorme testified. "(The two accused) felt they'd been wronged. But it wasn't really much of any plan or thought process."
The incident began after Hawula and a small group of friends planned to host a party at his home on Martin Avenue West and advertised the event using Facebook. But the invitation spread through the social-networking website, resulting in several unknown people showing up.
That included the two accused and several of their gang-connected friends. Later, Hawula, Reynolds and another man kicked the 17-year-old out because he was getting into arguments with other guests and frightening people by flashing weapons, court was told.
The youth left -- his friends, including the 16-year-old, had previously departed -- and that's when, the Crown alleged, a plot was hatched to return to the home and seek revenge.
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Eelpout, the 'ish of fish,' in apparent decline
GRAND FORKS, N.D. (AP) — The eelpout or burbot, that beady-eyed freshwater cod widely known as the "ish of fish" for its unsightly appearance, doesn't get a lot of attention, but fisheries managers in Minnesota and North Dakota say the species is in decline.
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Sep 19
CrimsonGuardian w Open Defiance 9/19 in Corvallis
Sep 13
Aug 22
Crimson Guardian Plays with Sick Monkey 8/22 in Albany
Aug 16
Aug 7
Bio: Crimson Guardian was started by Dave back in 2005, The band has two EP's Kingdom of Pain and Sands of Time. Currently working with new material the third CD is on its way plus revisions of the first two Albums. Crimson Guardian is a NW regional band who play hard rock, thrash, classical, and thic...See Full Bio
Crimson Guardian has a show on 09/19/2014 at 09:00 PM @ Cloud & Kelly's Pu... in Corvallis, OR http://www.reverbnation.com/q/53kh7t #concert
"Crimson Guardian is in search of a Drummer. We are looking for a long term dependable person who shares the same views as the rest of the band. We would like someone who has had show experience, and good solid timing. We have a kit available if you don't have one. We practice once a week, gig when we can with the occasional long distance road gig. . Drug Free a plus. Contact us if this works for you. http://www.reverbnation.com/crimsonguardian https://www.facebook.com/crimsonguardianofficial"


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Friday, March 27, 2015
3:09 pm 03/27/15--Thursday's wet weather transitioned to snow overnight as temperatures fell, leaving a dusting at the base and 2 inches near the summit. Base temperatures remain just below freezing and it looks like the weather worked in our favor, with predominantly soft surfaces for Friday skiing and riding.
We have 51 trails freshly groomed this morning, with many of those trails on easier terrain like our Ramshead and and Snowshed areas. East Fall, Bittersweet and Skyeburst are the exceptions for more advanced groomed cruising. Key lifts are scheduled from 9:00 a.m.-4:00 p.m.
Beginning this Saturday, March 28, 2015, key lifts* will run until 5:00 p.m. every Saturday, weather permitting, so you can enjoy the late afternoon sunshine.
Killington Parks
More than 100 jumps, jibs, boxes, and rails, plus a Superpipe and a Mininpipe, reside in our 5 unique parks. Get the lowdown.
Killington tickets and passes are always valid at Pico Mountain so be sure to check out our friendly sister just a few minutes west. Combined, the two resorts currently offer more than 90 miles of open terrain which is, by far, the most in the East. Get the details at picomountain.com.
This weekend, reward yourself at the World of Adventure Dos Equis Aprs Ski Party featuring the XX Feast of the Brave, XX Big Air Challenge, live music and Dos Equis beer at the Roaring Brook Umbrella Bars. Are you up for the adventure?
*Lifts scheduled until 5:00 p.m. on Saturdays, conditions permitting: North Ridge Triple, K-1 Express, Snowdon Quad, Superstar Express, Ramshead Express, Snowshed Express, Bear Mountain Quad, Northbrook Quad, Sunrise Village Triple, Skyeship Stage 1 and 2, Skye Peak Express.
Operating Day: 145


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