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(wIs/\ National Aeronautics and Space Adm nistration Goddard Space Flight Center Goddard News Greenbelt, Maryland and Wallops Island, Virginia Vol. 31 No.1 January 1985 Space Technology Rocket Launch Marks End Of Era Aids Restoration Of Payload Records Ultraviolet Emissions Venetian Buildings By David W. Thomas By Charles Recknagel NASA's successful launch of an The Aerobee program began in 1946, Space technology developed for map- Aerobee liquid-fueled sounding rocket when Applied Physics Laboratory (APL), ping the chemical composition of the Moon from White Sands Missile Range, New John Hopkins University, Baltimore and planets is being tested in Venice as a Mexico on January 17, marked the end of Maryland suggested to noted scientist Dr. new means of understanding the decom- that rocket series. Introduced officially on James Van Allen that he determine what position of priceless monuments. September 25, 1947 with the first range existing rockets were available for scien- The tests are part of an international launch, the firing of Aerobee 1058 was the tific research, specifically for augmenting effort to apply the most modem methods last of the oldest continuous rocket firing high atmospheric studies. Other rockets available to saving the city's historic program. were available, but were deemed too small buildings as Venice continues to sink Since 1959, NASA's Sounding Rocket for the anticipated space research. slowly into the Adriatic (the sea lying east Division has launched 537 Aerobees, 504 Aerojet Engineering Corp. won a con- of Italy). successfully - a 94 percent success rate. tract from the U.S. Navy to develop new Scientists from the Goddard Space The Aerobee series was one of the first scientific sounding rockets; APL was Flight Center, Computer Sciences Cor- rockets developed for scientific research in assigned technical direction, and Dr. Van poration (CSC) of Silver Spring, MD, and the U .S . Because of its reliability, Aerobee Allen became director of the project. He the University of Maryland, College Park, became the "workhorse" vehicle for high derived the name Aerobee from the com- this summer tested the use of a gamma ray altitude studies. bination of Aerojet and APL's series of detector to map salt and water seeping into "Virtually everything that's been done Navy missiles, the Bumblebees. the walls of the famous St. Mark's Basilica in space research can be attributed to and the Gradenigo Palace. sounding rocket technology ," according to Used During IGY The detection system is the first non- Maury Dubin, a Goddard physicist who Aerobees were used extensively during destructive technique for detecting the worked extensively in the early sounding the International Geophysical Year (IGY, often invisible rise of saltwater within the rocket program. "The Aerobee and other July, 1957-December 31, 1958). They interior of building walls and for mapping sounding rocket research precipitated the were among the more than 300 instru- the deposits of salt which gradually decom- rise of many disciplines, from astronomy mented sounding rockets launched from pose their materials. Because water damage to the Earth's atmosphere." Continued on page 2 is common to many architectural - r monuments beyond those in Venice, the new technique could also be useful in help- ing preserve other historic trusts around the world. Use Neutrons to Explore Previous techniques have utilized drill- ing for core samples which had to be used Continued on page 2 Inside Center Director's New Year's Message ..........Page 2 Employee Profile. ...............Page 4 Dr. Uccellini Receives Meisinger Award .............Page 5 Red Cross Cites Major Blood Donors.. ........Page 5 AEROBEE ROCKET - An Aerobee undergoes final preparations before having nose cone attached at 1 I the White Sands Missile Range, NM. -. . . . . . . . . .... .. ~ , I , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... Page Two Goddard News - Januarv 1935 A New Year's Message From The Center Director Yet, something possibly more significant than our visible accomplishments happened this year. I sense that in spirit we have become one Center. Wefretted, agonized, argued about and then reached agreement on Goddard goals and carved out our niche in informution systems and Space Station. The year was not without its share of pain, frustration and sadness. I regret that reorganizations did cause individual hurt and that I could not get you all the resources you need. We lost ing program; AMPTE, ERBS, and NOM-9 set about their valued colleagues andfiends by retirement, resignationor death business of contributing to the well-being of all Earths in- but have wonderful memories. These are inescapablefacets of habitants; Goddard s IUE keeps exploring for cosmic secrets; living and working together as we strive to make our lives pro- you f i e d Solar Max!; Hubble Space Telescope and TDRS teams ductive and meaningful. From them, though, renewed purpose worked wonders: Procurement, contracting, and the Plant and determination can emerge. Operations and Maintenance Division kept us in business; For 1985, you have my admiration, respect and trust. UARS, COBE, GRO and SOT are chugging along; hundreds of science papers were published; our Wallops colleaguesfilled the skies with sounding rockets and balloons; I could g o on and on but let not the lack of space diminish any of the unmentioned Noel W. Hinners contributions. Director Aerobee Rockets Space Technology Continued from page 1 Continued from page 1 sites around the world and made discover- new spectrograph to be flown on sparingly for fear of further damaging en- ies regarding the atmosphere, cosmic radia- Astro; a NASA ultraviolet astronomy mis- dangered walls and frescoes. By using tion, auroras and geomagnetism. The ICY sion. This spectrograph will record extreme neutrons instead of drillbits to explore the was largely an investigation of the natural ultraviolet Dayglow emissions in the wall interiors, the gamma ray detector environment. Earth's upper atmosphere. offers a fast and comprehensive look at The rockets carried instruments into the damaged structures, permitting building upper atmosphere for investigations and restorers a way to better plan and focus gathered data from as high as 250 kilome- Sounding Rockets Needed repair efforts. ters (155 miles). They also flight tested in- Although the demise of the small, Dr. Jacob Trombka, of Goddad's Solar struments to be used in satellites. Sending liquid-fueled sounding rocket is imminent, Physics Branch and a member of the in- instruments in the high atmosphere was one there always will be a need for sounding vestigators group, developed the X-ray and of the principal motives for 20th century rockets in general, according to George gamma ray detection techniques starting in rocket development, according to the early Kraft, head Goddard Flight Support Sec- 1968 as part of an effort to map lunar soil rocket design studies of Dr. Robert H. tion. "The small, liquid-fueled rockets during the Apollo program. Recognizing Goddard, called the Father of American aren't economically feasible anymore, that the lunar soil continuously relcases Rocketry. compared to their solid-propelled counter- gamma radiation as it is naturally bom- parts," Kraft said. "But sounding rockets barded by cosmic rays in space, the Apollo always will have a place in scientific remote sensing X-ray and gamma ray team Rocket Series research. They're virtually the only vehic- proposed a detection system which was The rockets consisted of five in a series; les that can conduct studies in the 40 km included aboard the Command Service 100, 150, 170, 200 and 350. Each rocket (25 mile) to 200 km (125 mile-high) zone Module to record patterns in the lunar soil's carried as many as six different experi- of the atmosphere. "Balloons can go only gamma ray and X-ray emissions. Such pat- ments. Cameras, vacuum bottles, mirrors, as high as 40 km (25 miles) and satellites terns provide a reflection of the elements girds, sensing devices, lenses and many are ineffective lower than 200 km (125 composing the soil, as each element tends other mechanical units were flown and miles). to give off a characteristic "signature" of returned to Earth. Most of the data col- The NASA Sounding Rocket Program X-ray and gamma radiation. lected involved transmitting telemetry from is managed by Goddard's Wallops Flight "Between 1968 and 1972, we mapped the rocket to ground stations during flight Facility, Wallops Island, Virginia, where twenty percent of the lunar surface this and recording data simultaneously. the Suborbital Projects and Operations way," says Trombka. "Then with the The final Aerobee payload tested a Directorate is located. completion of the manned lunar program, Continued on page 3 Goddard News - January 1985 Page Three Space Technology Continued from page 2 we began looking for ways that we could historical buildings in Venice. Dr. Roberto spinoff some of the technology we had Frassetto, the head of the Interlaboratory found so useful in exploring the Moon to Group of Scientists for the Venice restora- solving problems here at home." tion effort, subsequently invited Trombka, In the mid-l970s, Dr. Larry Evans Evans, and Livingston to the city for a two- (CSC) joined Trombka to extend these week test in November, 1984. The travel systems for future planetary missions and was supported by a collaborative research to adapt the detection technique to Earth, grant from the NATO Science Committee. where cosmic rays do not penetrate the atmosphere sufficiently to stimulate natural Measurements Show Damage gamma emissions. The measurements were carried out The immediate solution was to apply with a team of scientists from the Italian neutron excitation methods to simulate Nuclear Agency led by Drs. Mauritzio gamma ray emissions. Using low intensity Diana and Pietm Moioli. Placing the detec- neutron sources, prompt gamma ray emis- tor on one side of a wall and a neutron sions could be detected, thus reducing the source on the other to briefly irradiate the radiation hazard by leaving the sample with ~~ ~ negligible residual radioactivity. The neutron gamma detection This method, called ''prompt neutron system not only proved its worth gamma ray analysis for application to by successfdy measuring the salt analysis of extended materials" proved so GAMMA-RAY DETECTOR - A radioactive successful that its developers patented the content, it also discovered salt detector is positioned to measure radiationthrough technique in 1984. higher in the walls than ground a pillar at San Marco. The discoloration is caused by salt contamination. water could have deposited it. Tested at Williamsburg intervening material, the investigator group odr, Now back at G d a d Trombka, Evans Trombka and Evans first applied the sampled walls in a variety of Venice's most and Livingston are analyzing the readings gamma detector to an architectural site in famous structures. At St. Mark's Basilica, made in Venice to fine tune their approach 1981, when arrangements were made by for example, the technique provided the for more tests in 1985. At the same time, Richard Livingston, of the University of first picture of conditions as deep as 20 they are sharing their analysis techniques Maryland, and Thomas Taylor, of Colonial inches inside walls which were faced with with Italian colleagues to transfer the Williamsburg Foundation, to test it on the marble or precious frescoes. technology. walls of an 18th century smokehouse in Williamsburg, VA. The Williamsburg preservationists had discovered the bricks of the smokehouse were being damaged by AMPTE Satellite Creates World'sFirst Man-Made Comet salt deposits. They needed a device for G e n e d y speaking, comets appear so infre- ject desi@ to study the solar wind S internetions measuring the salt and water content in the quently that when one is viewable grnund with Earth S magnetosphere. walls before and after they applied a observers x u n y to see it. Comet Encke appean The comet was created by one of t h m remedy to be sure they had found the cor- most often at 3.3 year intervals, according to a spaces& in the Active MagnetosphericParticle rect solution. GodW scientist. Tracer Explorels (AMPTE) pmgmn, involving M y in the motning on Dscember 27, grind the US.,West Gennany and the United King- This led to the realization that the salt observers in select parts of the world anticipated dom. Essentially, the mission entails using one could date back to the use of the building an even mer comet, one that never had been seen satellite to inject barium and lithium particles in- for smoking and curing meats, a condition before. side and outside the magnetosphere, while the calling for quite a different ultimate solu- The world's fimt man-made comet - the holi- other two spaumafi monitor and measure the en- tion than a groundwater problem. Thus the day comt - was cmtai 72,,0 miles above Earth suing activities. (overthe Pacific Ocean west o f Lima, Peru) that The holiday comet was fonned when two tool also proved its usefulness as diagnostic morning. Even thou@ clouds obscu#d the view- barium canisters exploded into a cloud after being device for finding problems and identify- ing frnm oficial ground observationsites, scien- relased. Scientists say the solar wind caused the ing solutions. tists called the artificial comet a success - barium particles to fonn a tail more than 10,OaO So successful was the test, in fact, that documented by on-station aimati - and marked miles long, which lasted about ten minutes. Richard Livingston mentioned the device another milestone in the ongoing intemationalpro to Italian colleagues working to preserve .. .. . . , .. . .. . . .. ..-. .. . ..... . , " .. . .- . .. .. . ., . .-. . ..., Pane Four Goddard News - January 1985 Employee Profile. as a writer. After graduating first in her class from Marjorie Webster College, Other Projects In addition to AMPTE - which involves Deputy PrOJ'ectManager Washington, D.C. with an A.A. in Liberal Arts, she took her first permanent NASA the U.S., West Germany and the United Kingdom and uses three satellites to study Handles R e s o m For position in 1963 as a secretary in the Office the magnetosphere - she also is active in htemational m m of Advanced Research and Technology (OART) . two other international projects, ROSAT (Roentgen Satellite) and Lageos 2 (Laser Once in the "real" work world, Geodynamic Satellite). By David W. Thomas ROSAT is scheduled for a Shuttle Gallagher displayed the same studiousness in the office that made her valedictorian. launch in 1987 and will perform the first As a college student in the early 60s, After less than a year in OART, she was all sky survey of X-ray sources with an her career plans may have loomed cloudy. offered a secretarial position in Bioscience imaging telescope; Lageos 2 is scheduled At that time, she was working each sum- Programs, Office of Space Science and for launch in 1987 and will join Lageos 1 mer in NASA Headquarters Public Affairs Applications (OSSA). She said she took the to augment the current program that studies Office, fielding queries on agency position with the understanding that she the movement of the Earth's crust. programs. would eventually assume administrative "I am really excited about these pro- Today, however, the diminutive duties. jects," she said. "This is the first time I blonde-haired Goddard employee is the have been part of a project from beginning Zeal for Work to end. Some of the projects I have worked Her zeal for "doing a good job" often on in the past were either unpopular or drove her to read material outside of her short-term, and I never saw them come to area of expertise and to work weekends, fruition." even though it was not always necessary. She said its great to see some tangible Within a year in OSSA, she was promoted results from programs she has worked on to administrative assistant in Planetary Pro- for years. grams, OSSA. Gallagher has been married for 19 years "I worked weekends not so much to Kevin J. Gallagher. They have a six- because of the workload," she said, "but year-old daughter and reside in Potomac, because I wanted to learn to be the best at MD . what I did. Similarly, I decided while I was working for NASA I should learn every- Retirees thing I could about the space program." ''...But I had not planned on a career Afier years of dedication and service to God- dard, the following employeesretired recently. We with NASA ...I kind of soaked up every- wish them well on their new endeavors and hope thing there was to know about the job and we will continue to benefit from their experience became an asset to the office. People and wisdom. Listed are their codes and dates of recognized I was a diligent worker and retirement. AMPTE RESOURCES MANAGER-Suzanne Gallagher is the Deputy Project Manager for began giving me more responsibilities." Armiger, John Falwell, Richard Resources of the Active Magnetospheric Parti- After working about 12 years in OSSA 754.4 711.1 cle Tracer Explorers project. in several administrative/resources posi- 01-03-85 01-03-85 tions of increasing responsibility, Deputy Project Manager for Resources Gallagher moved to the Low Cost Systems Bialek, John Figueroa, Victor M. (DPMR) of an international program that, Office in 1976, when she became an opera- 712 542.1 among other things, created the first man- tions analyst, assisting in managing 01-03-85 01-03-85 made comet in December. In her position, resources for the Standard Equipment Pro- Blaine, Lamden Flannigan, Thomas J. she's deft at dealing with resources and gram, and promoting and monitoring 674 553.2 rock-sound about her future. agency-wide business practices. 01-03-85 01-03-85 "I had not decided on may career back Then, in 1979, she became the Program then," recalls Suzanne "Suzie" Gallagher, Control and Resources Analyst in the C a d i , Vincent Fridie, Mildred F. who is with the tri-national Active Office of the NASA Chief Engineer. Her 716.2 503 Magnetospheric Particle Tracer Explorer responsibilities included overall office ad; 01-03-85 01-03-85 (AMPTE) project. "I originally considered ministration and resources management becoming a bilinguist because I majored plus similar management of special tasks in Spanish, but I opted for NASA because assigned to the Chief Engineer by the NASA Administrator, such as the indepen- Day, Louise Gantt, Edward I had developed a genuine interest in the 560 752.3 space program." dent Shuttle Certification Assessment. 01-03-85 01-03-85 She stayed with NASA, but not in Gallagher came to Goddard in 1981 on Public Affairs, where she was offered a job a four-month detail in her current position. Goddard News - January 1985 Page Five Dr. Louis W . Uccellini Gets He is the 50th Meisinger awardee since convective storm systems. AMs' Meisinger A ward 1938, when the AMS began acknowledg- He jointed Goddard in 1978 and since ing young scientists; the award includes a 1979 has been project scientists (PS) for $100 check and a certificate. the Visible Infrared Spin-Scan Radiomet- Dr. Louis W. Uccellini, a meteorologist The award was presented at an awards eric Scanner (VAS), flown on three in Goddard Space Flight Center's Labora- banquet during the AMs' 65th annual Geostationary Operational Environmental tory for Atmospheres, has received the meeting, held January 9 at the Biltmore Satellites (GOES); he also is Head, American Meteorological Society's (AMS) Hotel, Los Angeles, CA. Award recipients Mesoscale Analysis and Modeling Section. coveted Meisinger Award, presented to a are cited for "research achievements that Previous citations for his work have young scientist for significant research are at least in part, aerological in charac- included the AMS Father Macelwane achievements. ter," and preference is given to "promis- Award; a NASAIGoddard Outstanding Dr. Uccellini, 35, works in the Center's ing atmospheric scientists," 35 years old Service Award; a NASAIGoddard Excep- Severe Storms Branch and received the or younger, "who have recently shown tional Performance Award; a NASA Group award for his "innovative research on the outstanding ability. " Achievement Award, as project scientist coupling of the high- and low-level jet Dr. Uccellini is an authority on jet for the VAS demonstration team; the streaks (the highest winds embedded within streaks and how they affect the weather. Maryland Distinguished Young Scientist a jet stream) and the role of this interac- He has done extensive analysis on upper Award; and the NASAIGoddard GLA Peer tion in the development of severe thunder- and lower level jet streaks and related their Award for Scientific Achievement. storms and in winter cyclogenesis." interactions to the development of severe Red Cross Cites Blood Donors Goddard blood donors who have given a gallon or more were cited recently by the Today is American Red Cross. Receiving pins for their donations were: the first day Gallons Gallons of the rest Donated Donated of your life. Walter Allison 730.3 1 Steven Kempler 694 1 Thomas Bacon 53 1 2 Floyd Kramer Contractor 1 Robert Barnes 233 5 Nancy Lauhenthal 664 1 Michael Blizzard Frank Boumila Charles Boyle Steven Brodd 562.8 530.9 200 Contractor 3 1 2 1 Paula Liehrecht Sherry Madison Gregory Manfra Timothy McCain 562.8 752.1 405 271.3 2 2 5 1 Give Edward Brosnan Virgil Cleveland Gilbert Colon Shirley Cnnke John Crapster 247.2 302 713.3 610 530.9 2 15 2 2 3 Alison McNally James Metzger Thomas Mnnney, Sr. Elaine Montgomery Ronald Muller 151.1 731.3 290.1 653 402 1 1 8 4 3 blood, Thomas Cygnarowicz 713.1 5 Hugh O'Donnell 531.2 3 Thomas Delaney Brian Dennis 750.1 682 2 2 Ronald O'Leary Stephen Peregory 753.2 633 4 1 Soitcan Howard Dew 511.1 2 Michael Prokopchak 513 6 bethe Stephen Edwards Wayne Eklund 745.2 750.5 1 1 David Reuben Donald Righter 272.2 661 1 5 first day Virginia Eller Charles Fleetwood 740.1 717.2 4 3 Wyatt Rinker Christopher Scherer 750.5 531.1 2 3 o somebody f Herbert Foster James Foster 745.1 624 4 8 Bruce Schmidt Thomas Schmugge Contractor 624 1 3 else's, toa Neil Gehrels 661 1 Richard Stavely 732.1 1 Theodore Gull 683 2 Frank Stocklin 531.3 2 Raymond Haney 750.5 2 George Stonesifer 633 1 Powell Hinson 562.8 4 Walter Sullivan 533 5 John Hodge 201 2 David Thompson 662 2 Stephen Holt 660 1 Jan Turkiewicz 675 6 Keith Hope Contractor 2 Lynne Zink 750.5 1 Barbara Karth 200.9 2 DONORS LISTED ABOVE WHO' IDID NOT PICK UP THEIR PINS AT PREVIOUS BLOODMOBILE VISTS, SHOULD STOP BY THE CANTEEN AT THE NEXT BLOODMOBILE VISIT. . . " . .. ~ . Page Six Goddard News - January, 1985 retransmits the data to a geosynchronous South Pole Data Link Installed by David W. Thomas satellite, which, in turn, transmits the in- formation to the U.S. This relay route is necessary because signals from a transmit- Nearly three quarters of a century after Comgan, code 602, manager, Orbiting ter at the Pole are too far below the horizon five Norwegians became the first to reach Satellites Project, used the 17-year-old A p to be acquired by normal communications the South Pole on December 14, 1911, a plications Technology Satellite (ATS-3) to satellites. The McMurdo Station is located six-man Goddard team at the South Pole establish the two-way voice link. on the edge of Antarctica (-77 South commemorated that explorative milestone But is was the installation of the skien- Latitude), where it has access to the geosta- with yet another historic event. tific data link, which enables daily trans- tionary satellites. On December 14, 1984,73 years later, mittal of information from the Pole, across A communications link from the South they took turns talking to their colleagues Antarctica and onto the U.S., that is being Pole has been considered before, but the in Greenbelt, MD, some 8,000 miles heralded by the scientific community as logistics involved was too impractical and away, using one of two unprecedented the key, long-term breakthrough. too costly. For example, planning a pro- satellite communication links the group in- Before the group installed the system, ject of this magnitude usually would have stalled during the month they were in scientific data from the pole had to be taken several years and cost an estimated Antarctica. stored during the region's winter months $35 million, according to project "The conversation was amazingly audi- and could be shipped out by aircraft only representatives. ble" said Tony Comberiate, a Goddard during the Austral summer (November 1- communications expert and a member of February l), when weather pennits landing Tremendous Support the South Pole Satellite Data Link Project at the Pole. "Our approach cost only about team. "The folks at Goddard sounded like By using three existing polar orbiting $250,000 and took only nine months," they were just a few feet away." satellites, a fourth is to be added soon, high said, Mike Comberiate, the Gaddard The capability for voice communica- quality scientific data can be transmitted engineer who conceived the idea, "because tions from the South Pole using Ham radio on a routine basis. Each satellite passes the we used existing satellites, excessed equip- and the like has existed for some time, Pole about 14 times daily nearly every hour ment and had tremendous support from "but those systems usually are weather and a half, allowing about ten minutes to several organizations. " dependent and usually much noisier," he uplink data during each pass. The link will augment the investigations said. The satellites relay the data from the in the South Polar region currently being The group, working closely with Pat Pole to McMurdo Sound, which then conducted by an international science com- munity. And it will encourage even more studies, Mike said, "because now ex- perimenters don't have to wait so long to get their data." Scientists now can receive daily transmission of reliable data on: global weather patterns; the magnetospheric cusp; the upper atmosphere; and glaciological and seismic studies, to name a few disciplines. The link also has the potential to evolve into a data collection network for the many of the unmanned observatories (ground-based satellites) scattered throughout Antarctica. According to team member Dave Pro- vost, code 730, "this system can evolve into the high-quality data recovery opera- tion that scientists have been getting from their counterpart instruments on NASA spacecraft. " The unqualified success of this project has led the world's largest Antarctic Joe Walters photo museum, the Canterbury Museum in GRO MODEL AWARDS - From left to right: Ray Saxton, code 403; Bob Ross, 602, and Dennis Christchurch, New Zealand, to consider Asato, 713.2 are shown with a model of the Gamma Ray Observatory (GRO). A GRO schedule analyst, these achievements to be historic a systems engineer for a GRO instrument and a systems engineer for the GRO propulsion subsystem milestones heralding in the Space-Age for respectively, the three received GRO model awards recently for significant contributions to the project. the White Continent. Mike said the The GRO is scheduled to be launched by the Space Shuttle in 1988 and will use four instruments capable of making a comprehensive study of the gamma-ray universe. Designed to provide unique information museum is requesting a representative on the high-energy processes associated with celestial objects, it will allow simultaneous observations display from NASA. with good time resolution and high sensitivity over the full gamma-ray energy range. Goddard News - January 1985 Page Seven Silver Snoopy A wards Presented To Employees Individuals Commended For Support Of Shuttle Missions The Seventh Silver Snoopy Awards Brown, Michael A. Causey, Carolyn took place on December 7. Recipients are rewarded for professionalism, dedication Wood, and Anne McGinnis Wood); and outstanding support that grea te Support Team (Kevin Bailey, enhanced flight safety and mission su Castello, David Salisbury, and for the STS program. Mr. Robert 0. Aller, A tem Programming Team Administrator for Tracking Ferguson, Shantaram M. Systems, and Center D . Kallarakal, Tai H. Kim, Hinners addressed the aw Bryan D. O'Connor present The following indiv OSPACE: Shawn B. recognized: Gerald Mansberg, NASA: Henry W. Alb Azzolini, Nancy L. Deaco Dolan, James H. Donohu Edeline, Jimmie C . Elsw y, Roy S. Goldsmith, Farwell, Bernard C. Fath, and Alfred A. Wright). Flatley, Walter K. Frazi Grady, Paul E. Henley, D ON: Emergency Logistics Henry C. Hoffman, L. up (Patrick M. Berry, Alston Bond, John G . Hasenei, John F. Laudadio, Edw s and Sylvia A. Sykes). A. Johnson, Robert H. K Richard McAvoy 11, Grace Seaton B. Norman, Susan P. Olden, Jo SPERRY: Michael E. Blackstone and L. Parks, Jr., Anthony J. Pierro, Sr., oseph A. Simpson. Clarke R. Prouty, Fidel R. Rul, Jr., Chester H. Shaddeau, John F. South, OAO CORP.: Stephan R. Hammers Ervin D. Summefield, Carollyn M. Thompson and Eugene R. Zink. BENDIX: Beatrice M. Belovarich, Matthew J. Belovarich, Robert J. Beno, Harry B. Berman, Melissa L. Blizzard, Richard R. Borucki, Wayne L. Cocayne, H. Donald Correll, Edward G. Crough, Simon A. Dumas, Wiliam T. Dunkin, Edward J. Edwards, Alexander Green, Jr., Lawrence A. Haug, James F. Lifsey, David L. Love, Everett L. Martin, Donald T. Murray, Donald N. Potter, Joseph A. Schmid, Richard W. Seeley, Josef W. Segur, Pradeep Sinha, Herbert M. Small, Joseph H. West, Daniel N. Yannuzzi; the Antenna Engineering Team (Alois Betmarik, Jr., Hermie A. Caballes, Dhanalaksh Colundalur, Joseph J. Fiorino, John A. Foschetti, Joseph Keim, Quat V. Ngo, George L. Olsen, Larry Smith, and Thomas E. Wise). Also, Mission Managers (Joseph M. Joe Walters photo Curley, Roger A. Hunter, Donald E. ASTRONAUT AUTOGRAPH - Astronaut Bryan O'Connor signs his autograph for employees Johnson, and John L. McAdory, Jr.)' Fault children during Silver Snoopy Awards on December 7 at Goddard Space Flight Center. Page Eight Goddard News - January 1 s GODDARD MOURNS Goddard Solicits Proposals For Commercial Space Platform In a move designed to attract 1988. Its primary objective will be to con- commercial activity in space while simul- duct a survey of the entire celestial sphere taneously satisfying government needs, (full-sky) in the extreme ultraviolet. The officials at Goddard have asked industry science payload will weigh 730 kg (1600 to develop a space platform for providing lbs) . five years of on-orbit services to NASA The XTE will explore X-ray sources to payloads and still allow the developer to help scientists learn more about the market to a wide variety of commercial physical laws governing their behavior. users. The XTE payload will weigh between In a departure from customary practices, 1500 and 2000 kg (3300-4400 Ibs). industry would finance, develop, own and The Micro-Gravity Payload carrier will operate the platform. weigh 900 kg (2000 lbs) and will be used The Request For Proposal (RFP) re- to house micro-gravity experiments on Goddard retiree Daniel G . Mazur, 68, leased by Goddard officials recently is orbit for up to six months. The contractor died of a brain hemorrhage December 16 at considered a major "first step" toward will be required to maintain the zero- Holy Cross Hospital, Silver Spring, MD. He creating a closer partnership between gravity environment and to supply retired in 1973 as Associate Director of the government and industry in space. continuous power up to 2000 watts. Center's Engineering Directorate and served in the Federal government for more than 32 Officials at Goddard described the action As planned, the commerical platform years. as a "pioneering effort that will allow would be launched from either the shuttle many payloads from different users to or another launch vehicle into an orbit in share the same platform, with the first use space. In one possible scenario, payloads Director to Address in late 1988." launched in the shuttle would be taken to Center Employees As envisioned, the platform-which is the platform, where the astronauts would totally apart from NASA's plans for a remove the payload that had been aboard Center Director Noel W. Hinners government-developed permanent manned the platform, install another payload and will speak to employees at the God- space station-the commercial entrepre- bring the payload which previously had dard Space Flight Center Visitor neur would be free to market the platform been on the platform back to Earth. Center February 4 from 2 p.m. 3 - services for materials processing or other manufacturing type activities. p.m. on future Goddard activities. Specifically, Dr. Hjnners will However, the government stipulates that Presidential A ward discuss plans for the future, new ac- the platform must be capable of providing Presented To Center tivities and issues that concern services for three of NASA's forthcoming employees. He also will answer projects-the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer Goddard Space Flight Center has questions after his presentation, (EUVE), the X-Ray Timing Explorer received a Presidential Award for its 1985 which will be aired on Goddard's (XTE) and a Zero Gravity Payload-as Combined Federal Campaign (CFC). With TV in the Building 3 and Building well as for a fourth as yet unidentified 99 percent of the pledges in, Goddard 8 auditoriums and at the Wallops project. personnel have contributed $26 1,250 to the Flight Facility, audience questions The EUVE will be a free flyer after its 1985 CFC. This represents 120 percent of will be entertained from all three deployment from the Space Shuttle on a the Center's goal of $215,000. locations, as will questions submit- mission now scheduled for December Another $3,340 was contributed on ted in advance of the program. Central Maryland pledge cards. The combined total of 264,590 respresents an all-time Goddard record for giving. To qualify for the Presidential Award, organizations must have total contributions averaging $75 or more per employee. Greanbelt. Maryland and Wallop8 I8land. Virplnll The CODDARD NEWS is published monthly by the Office of Public Affairs, God- Mail your story t o the dard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. 20771. Deadline for submitted material is Goddard News, or call the two weeks before the date of publication. For additional'information on articles contained herein, contact the editor on (301) 344-8102. Editor: David W. Thomas Editor at 344-8 102
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The Chinese government has failed to deny claims that it is behind the distributed denial-of-service attack on GitHub, with the attack close to entering its 120th hour.
4G sales boost ZTE 2014 full-year net profit by 94 percent
ZTE has said that its 4G solutions, including its Cloud Radio, QCel, and UBR, drove the company's net profit to 2.63 billion yuan for the 2014 financial year.
Apple and Foxconn launch China iPhone trade-in program
Foxconn Technology Group will reportedly buy and resell Apple's smartphones as part of a new trade-in program in China.
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China reveals existence of cyber warfare hacking teams
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China Mobile profit slump highest in 16 years
The world's biggest carrier by subscribers is also busy preparing to launch its RCS-based smartphones in a bid to combat OTT players like WeChat in China.
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UPDATED: It's not quite a throwback to the massive cuts that terrorized the tech giant a few years ago, but it could be a hint of blood in the water.
Windows 10 coming to Xiaomi, Lenovo handsets under new Microsoft China deals
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Photos: Hu, Gates and Ballmer
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Photos: Battling the bird flu
From China to France to Romania, researchers are working to prevent the flu's spread.
Photos: Hu, Gates and Ballmer
China President Hu Jintao pays a visit to Microsoft's headquarters to meet execs and get a look at new technology.
Image: Jingjing and Chacha, China's cartoon censorship cops
Shenzhen Municipal Bureau of Public Security created two anime-style cartoon Internet police mascots "to intimidate."
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Harry Wu, publisher of the China Information Center, speaks to aHouse subcommittee about the punishment of dissidents in China. Wu saidCisco gear is used to help police surveillance there.
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Rep. Christopher Smith chairs the House of RepresentativesSubcommittee on Africa, Global Human Rights and InternationalOperations. At a hearing in Washington, he reads a pointed indictment ofCisco Systems, Google, Microsoft and Yahoo. Smith says the techcompanies aid repression by the Chinese government.

subset: commoncrawl


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Blog Spot with Kaitlin Vitek
Courtesy: GoDucks.com
Release Date: 04/22/2010
Hey Duck Fans! This past weekend we played the number one ranked Washington Huskies and had a great few games. We came away with one victory against the number one pitcher in the nation, winning 4-0! We were competing well in every game so it was a great confidence builder for us in PAC-10 play. Currently we're alone in second place in the PAC-10 as we gear up for another series against Arizona State this weekend. We're excited to try to win another series this weekend and we really appreciate all the support we got this past weekend when we set an attendance record at Howe for Saturday's victory! Thanks for the endless support and Go Ducks!
- O Heroes Fall 2014 Recap
- Ducks Shop for Active 20-30 Club Giving Tree
- Student-athletes Participate In Tree Planting Effort
- O Heroes School Supply Drive
- O Heroes Service Trip to Nicaragua Proves Unforgettable
- Maasland Defeats Ranked Foe In 6-1 Loss To USC
- Oregon Trounced by No. 12 Stony Brook
- Huskies Snap Oregon's 13-Game Win Streak


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Thanks for your informative insight. How could so many people have got it so wrong?
Thanks for your informative insight. How could so many people have got it so wrong?
That really is a great mystery to me, I'm very happy to have sold it for $200+ though. It held it's value well.
Sorry, can't help you there. I'm on a totally different setup (speaker) now (very expensive one, still shopping for a new DAC)
All I know was, an OEM Android phone on battery + el cheapo headphone sounded VERY GOOD to my ears....
That is exactly why people are buying them for. If they don't have a soul in the first place, then the audio devil's sweet-talk won't work.
If you don't recommend the ODAC, what DAC ($200-300) would you recommend to use with a speaker setup?
Short question...
Has the USB Port of the Microsoft Surface 2 (RT Version, if matters) enough power to "drive" the ODAC (don't want a powered usb hub)?


text:
bySarah Kuranda on
What Do You Need To Know About The Massachusetts Software Services Tax?
Get a roundup of CRN's managed services coverage right to your inbox with the Managed Services newsletter.
The Solutions 16 have advanced to Round 2, so now it's time to choose your chief. Voting for the round closes at noon ET on March 31! Help your favorites move on through the CRN Channel Madness Tournament of Chiefs.
Here are 10 recent searches by CRN visitors.Channel Madness


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Real news. Real funny.
Real news. Real funny.
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Hotel Jochberger Hof(4 stars)Martengasse 6 6373 Jochberg View on map
Show on map:
- Hotel
- Things to do and see
Hotel review overview
No 4 stars.
- Hotel not recommended
- Couples
- Translated
- Skiing and winter sports
- January 2014
If you want a 4 star hotel, unfortunately be disappointed Spa was older. Needs to be renovated. Rooms functional. Minibar not filled is a nogo. Good service (front desk, maids) Waiters Johann top Rest flop read hotel review
Perfect hotel with great service and service
- Recommended hotel
- Couples
- Translated
- Other stay
- May 2013
The jochberger have hof is really recommendable. The staff is definitely friendly and courteous. We would have gladly stayed longer, but from personal reasons only for 3 nights Stay. read hotel review
A real tip star hotel
- Recommended hotel
- Couples
- Translated
- Countryside & spa
- May 2013
We have already been the 2. time there and are still thrilled by the warmth as the guests are treated. The overall is phenomenal. read hotel review
Recommendable hotel
- Recommended hotel
- Singles
- Translated
- Skiing and winter sports
- March 2013
Offered an array of short vacation in a nice, recommended hotel. Very good the short walk to the ski lift, the antique value should have, but nevertheless was helpful. read hotel review
Very recommendable, cozy hotel
- Recommended hotel
- Couples
- Translated
- Proof of booking
- Skiing and winter sports
- February 2013
We have this hotel with snowtrex booked last minute and were extremely satisfied. A very nice hotel, not too big, friendliest service, excellent food, a nice sauna. Our room was relatively small however very comfortable furnished, very comfortable beds, a nice bathroom with a separate toilet. The location was perfect, ski in and ski out, couldn't be better. read hotel review
Information about Hotel Jochberger Hof
Hotel Information
Hotel amenities
- Terrace
- Non-smoking room
- Cash machine on site
- Hotel safe
- Phone
- Lift
- Central heating
- Free parking
- Car park
Room amenities
- Shower
- Writing bureau
- Cable TV
- Safe
- Balcony
- Bathroom
- Pets allowed
- Fire alarm
- Restaurant
- Hotel bar
- Breakfast buffet
- Packed lunches
A choice of sports
- Cycling
Spa offers
- Special massages
- Sauna
- Steam room/ turkish bath
Other hotel information
- Gay friendly
- Express check in and check out
- Information desk
- Pets allowed
- Wifi
- Laundry service
Nearby - Hotels and Things to do
- Hotels
- Things to do & See


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Houston Luxury Apartments on Westheimer - The Millennium High Street
THE MILLENNIUM HIGH STREET is the newest Houston luxury apartments on Westheimer. Designed as a high-style urban oasis where comfort and convenience go hand in hand with sustainable living, the upscale apartments provide a serene retreat amid the bustling city just outside it's doors.
Surrounded by River Oaks, Greenway Plaza and the Uptown Galleria area, these Highland Village apartments in Houston's Inner Loop provide an excellent live-work-play location. World-class dining, entertainment and shopping venues as well as business districts are only minutes away.
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Green Efforts
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From Our Blog
Splurge or Save: Which Items Should You Pay More For
Splurge or Save: Which Items Should You Pay More For Furnishing a living space can be quite an undertaking. Decorating an apartment on a budget brings up questions on when to splurge and when to save. Check out a few tips on when to spend a little more and when to close the wallet: Appliances […]
The post Splurge or Save: Which Items Should You Pay More For appeared first on The Millennium Blog.


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Maybelline Master Shape
141 reviews
33% would repurchase
Package Quality: 2.3
Price: $$
Package Quality: 2.3
Price: $$
on 1/15/2014 9:47:00 AM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Oily, Fair-Medium, Warm
Hair: Brown, Wavy, Fine
Eyes: Brown
I actually really liked this brow pencil. Just the right pigmentation if you're going for a nice natural look. I got it in the Deep Brown color and the shade is so flattering on asian skin and hair. The brush is also really nice and is good for dusting off some product if you have a heavy hand. I don't like how flimsy the caps are and why the pencil had to be in plastic. Whyyyy?! The packaging is the only downside to this product, otherwise it's my HG eyebrow pencil.
on 12/31/2013 11:52:00 AM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Combination, Fair-Medium, Neutral
Hair: Brunette, Straight, Fine
Eyes: Blue
So easy to use, defines brows without making them look unnatural. However you need a good brow shape to begin with!
on 11/27/2013 12:36:00 PM
Age: 44-55
Skin: Combination, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Brunette, Other, Other
Eyes: Brown
I am so sad to see the bad reviews on this product. This is a HG product for me. I am a busy working mom and I can get my brows on in no time with this. I love that the product is waxy, so I kill two birds at one time. You do have to brush the product into your brows and do a bit of clean-up. But, I think that you have to do that with all brow products. Yes, I wish that Maybelline did not put it into a plastic container. But, I do not have any problems sharpening the pencil. If you want a brow pencil that lasts all day and has easy application, give this a try!
on 11/16/2013 6:53:00 PM
Age: 25-29
Skin: Sensitive, Fair, Not Sure
Hair: Brown, Other, Other
Eyes: Hazel
WTF. I think I got like five uses out of this pencil before it was completely gone and utterly unsharpenable. I feel totally jipped.
The only bright side is I quite like the brush end, and use it to apply a tinted brow gel. So I basically keep this empty, dull pencil around for the brush :P
on 11/9/2013 12:07:00 AM
Age: 18 & Under
Skin: Normal, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Blond, Other, Other
Eyes: Blue
OK, usually I'm quite a big fan of Maybelline but I was so disappointed with this eyebrow pencil. The formula of it is wax-like, and it's very difficult to apply to my brows. It goes on with an almost sicky consistency, but it was so hard to get any of the colour out of it!
I gave it a chance to redeem itself, and I gave up after "attempting" to sharpen it! (an impossible task!)
The worst eyebrow pencil I've ever used. (The brush is pointless as well).
on 11/7/2013 11:54:00 AM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Sensitive, Fair, Not Sure
Hair: Blond, Other, Other
Eyes: Green
Let me just say, I decided to use up the entire thing as punishment for being stupid enough to buy it without researching beforehand. With that said, you probably get an idea about how I feel about this pencil. I don't understand the plastic base, I see everyone was also as confused as me when it came to sharpening. It's a stupid idea. It's almost impossible to get a sharp edge with this. The actual product almost is a slippery wax. I had some difficulty with getting it to show over my foundation and bronzer. But I was able to work with it. I have dealt this pencil every day for almost everyday for 2 months in intense FL heat and rain. For the most part it holds up, granted I always later on Benefit brow gel. I would definitely not repurchase due to the fact that sharpening is hell on earth. I wish I hadn't had received so many compliments on my brows because I hate this pencil.
on 10/23/2013 8:57:00 AM
Age: 30-35
Skin: Combination, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Brown, Other, Other
Eyes: Blue
I have some issues with this, but I honestly can overlook them for the good points.
The plastic casing for the pencil is quite possibly the worst idea ever. I received this in a swap and thought it was a twist up pencil. So I began to twist the other end (the end with the brush) and nothing happened. I kept on turning it and still nothing. So then in desperation I used my sharpener on it. It was difficult to sharpen but basically did the job. THEN I decide to check MUA and see that every other reviewer has had the same issue!
But I do have to say that this pencil and the attached brush are actually really good. I have the Blonde shade (I have light brown hair) and it really blends well and looks natural.
The formulation is a little waxy and makes my brow hairs stick to my skin, but the brush makes all the difference. I go over each brow in the opposite direction from how I applied with the pencil (in order to 'fluff' the hairs if that makes sense). This makes my hairs stop sticking to my skin and makes them look fuller. I normally cannot stand Maybelline products but I have to say that this is one that I would actually purchase. The color is great for me and the attached brush is perfect. I just wish they would put this in a regular wooden pencil!
on 10/4/2013 12:16:00 AM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Combination, Fair, Neutral
Hair: Brunette, Wavy, Medium
Eyes: Brown
The only thing I like about this product is the spoolie. The pencil itself, is very messy and the colors don't match the color of the packaging. The product rubs off and the pencil is very very creamy. I would not buy again nor ever recommend this. NO NO.
on 8/22/2013 7:53:00 AM
Age: 25-29
Skin: Oily, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Brunette, Straight, Fine
Eyes: Black
I don't get why this got so many bad reviews,I've been using it for a couple of days now and I really like it.Keep in mind that you need to use soft strokes.I use it to fill in my brows not to draw it all over so for that I don't now but for this it does a great job.I have dark blond to light brown hair and ı bought it in the color soft brown.I definitely recommend.
on 8/14/2013 6:40:00 PM
Age: 18 & Under
Skin: Acne-prone, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Black, Other, Other
Eyes: Black
I've bought this at least 5 times and used it up. Obviously from the other reviews, sharpening this bad boy is pretty hard, it is made of plastic. But that's because the pencil is very waxy, which I love. Stays on ALL day, especially if you layer eyeshadow over it. I put it on around 5 AM and go to school and the gym right afterward where I sweat like crazy- this pencil lasts over 12 hours and through 3 hours of cardio workouts. I have light eyebrows compared to my hair, which is very dark brown. My eyebrows are a very light brown and they look a little gray and they're very sparse. I stopped waxing my eyebrows after I started using this pencil, it defines them very well. I think a common mistake with all of the other reviews is that everyone is applying too much. I apply just a little and go over it with a shadow, you just have to be careful how much you use, and to take off some of the color, you can just brush them through with the brush on the other side, it takes away some pigment.
This is my holy grail of eyebrow products, just don't go resting your head on your arms because you'll have two little brown eyebrow shaped marks on your arm. But it's totally worth it, only $6 at my target and it lasts me for at least 2-3 months.
Popular Brows Products


text:
WATTS Monthly newsletter of the Pretoria Amateur Radio Club 06 - 2008 Year 78 +6m Maandelikse nuusbrief van die Pretoria Amateur Radio Klub. PARC, PO Box 73696 Lynnwood Ridge 0040, RSA web http://www.zs6pta.org.za mail:firstname.lastname@example.com Bulletins :145,725MHz 08:45 Sundays / Sondae Relays : 1840, 3700, 7066, 10135, 14235, 51400, 438825, 1297000kHz ZR6FD logo Activated frequencies are announced prior to bulletins Papier / Paper Drukwerk ZS6JPL Swapshop:Live on-air after bulletin 2m and 40m printing Bulletin repeats | herhalings : Mondays 19:45 on 145,725 MHz ZS6JPL Craig ZS6RH receives the 2008 Nokia-Siemens Networks Radio Community Service Award. In recognition of establishing a diversity reception repeater system. 16 May 2008 In this issue In hierdie uitgawe Next Meeting 14 June 2008 ● Minutes 14 May Notules ● Member's pages Lede-bladsye Time: 13:30 for 14:00 • Member activities Lede-bedrywighede PARC Clubhouse • Simple Icom CI-V interface South Campus • Technical items Tegniese items University of Pretoria • Transistors 60 years old SE cnr University and ● Page eight Bladsy agt Lynnwood roads WATTS 06 -2008 p1 PARC Management team / Bestuurspan Oct. 2007- Sept 2008: Committee members Chairman, Fleamarkets Alméro Dupisani ZS6LDP firstname.lastname@example.com 012-567-3722 082-908-3359 Secretary, Vice Chairman Johan de Bruyn ZS6JHB email@example.com 012-803-7385 082-492-3689 Rallies, Social, Hamnet Treasurer, Database, DF hunts Richard Peer ZS6UK firstname.lastname@example.com 012-333-0612 082-651-6556 Repeaters, Technical Craig Symington ZS6RH firstname.lastname@example.com 083-259-3233 083-259-3233 SARL liaison Pierre Holtzhausen ZS6PJH email@example.com 012-655-0726 082-575-5799 Co-opted / Geko-opteer: Repeaters, technical Johan Lehmann ZS6JPL firstname.lastname@example.com 012-841-3648 083-300-8677 Auditor Position open Newsletter/Kits Hans Kappetijn ZS6KR email@example.com 012-333-2612 072-204-3991 Asset control Andre v Tonder ZS6BRC firstname.lastname@example.com 361-3292 082-467-0287 Klubfasiliteite, vlooimark Willie Greyling ZR6WGR email@example.com 082-940-2490 Webmaster (non-member) Chris email@example.com Hamnet, projects Roy Newton ZS6XN email@example.com 012-547-0280 Historian/Awards Tjerk Lammers ZS6P firstname.lastname@example.com 012-809-0006 Public Relations Graham Reid ZR6GJR firstname.lastname@example.com 083-701-0511 Thobile Koni ZS6TKO email@example.com 082-493-2483 Tea Molly Peer ZR6MOL firstname.lastname@example.com 012-333-0612 Doreen de Bruyn ZR6DDB 012-803-7385 082-857-9691 Minutes of the monthly club meeting of the Pretoria Amateur Radio Club held at the South Campus of the University of Pretoria on 14 May 2008 Welcome / Verwelkoming : Almero ZS6LDP welcomed all present and declared the meeting open . Attendance / Bywoning : The meeting was attend by 18 members and 1 visitor. Apologies / Verskonings : Apologies were received from Bill ZS6KO, Pine ZS6OB, Hillary ZR6HAL, Pieter ZS6PVW, Magda ZS6MVW, Lizette ZR6LHT and Helen ZS-2507. Personal Matters / Lief en Leed : Jean ZS6ARA se vader is tans in 'n sorgsentrum. Helen junior van Roy ZS6XN, gaan volgende week die RAE aflê. Minutes of the previous meeting / Notule van vorige vergadering : The minutes of the previous meeting as published in Watts were approved . Proposed by Roy ZS6XN and seconded by ALF ZS6ABA Matters arising from previous minutes : Membership cards. – Johan ZS6JHB requested an updated membership list to finalise the printing of the cards. Club activities / Klub akitiwiteite Tydrenne : Johan ZS6JHB – Die volgende tydren vind plaas op 17 Mei in Tzaneen. Klublede wat betrokke is met verskaffing van die kommunikasie netwerk is JB ZR6YV, Tony Crowder ZS6CRO en Pierre ZS6PJH. Die volgende Nasionale byeenkoms, die Total Tydren, vind plaas op 29 – 31 Mei in die Ermelo omgewing. Johan ZS6JHB het almal bedank wat hulle dienste aangebied het. Sodra die akkomodasie gefinaliseer is sal Johan die lede kontak en hulle inlig van wanneer die inligtingvergadering sal plaasvind. Social / Sosiaal : Daar word beplan om n bring en braai te reёl na afloop van die volgende klubvergadering wat Saterdag 14 Junie sal plaasvind. Alle klub lede en hul families is welkom om die braai by te woon . Foxhunt / Jakkalsjag : Richard ZS6UK will announce the date of the next foxhunt on the club's bulletin . Financial report / Finansies : Richard ZS6UK reported on the club's finances . Technical / Tegnies : No technical report as Craig ZS6RH just returned from a holiday in New Zealand. Fleamarket / Vlooimark : Almero ZS6LDP het berig dat die volgende vlooimark sal plaasvind op 26 July 2008 by die klubhuis. Projects : Roy ZS6XN informed the meeting that he has available 3-LED Voltage monitors as well as 10 LED monitor/charger kits. If you are interested please contact Roy. Contact details available in WATTS. Ham Diary / Dagboek van gebeure : Details available on SARL web site. Presentation : Hans ZS6KR showed a video on the history of television as there was no one available to do a presentation. General : Hans showed off the club's new website. Very impressive! Go to www.parc.org.za to have look. Next meeting / Volgende vergadering : 14 Junie 2008. Closure /Sluiting : The meeting closed at 21.55. Editorial Please tell everyone about our website and consider contributing (posting) something yourself that can be of use to others as well as any swaps you want to advertise. Check out the inactive members list and encourage anyone you know to join again for the coming financial year. This means membership to the end of July 2009. Is your face already in the gallery? See if you can post one yourself or else send a photo(jpg) to this editor. Redaksioneel Vertel asb van ons webwerf aan almal wat u ken en oorweeg dit om self ook iets by te dra (pos) wat kan nuttig wees vir ander sowel as enige ruil-items wat u wil adverteer. Kyk by die onaktiewe ledelys en moedig enigiemand aan wat u ken om weer by ons aan te sluit vir die komende finasieёle jaar. Dit beteken lidmaatskap tot eind Junie 2009. Is u gesig in die galery? Kyk of u dit self een kan pos of anders stuur 'n foto(jpg) waarin u gesig voorkom vir hierdie redakteur. WATTS 06 -2008 p2 Birthdays June Junie Anniversaries Verjaarsdae Herdenkings 06 Simon ZS6AST 24 Marieta and Roy ZS6MI (37) 07 Claus ZR6CMU 07 Chantel, dogter van Martie en 'JB' ZR6YV 08 Ronel, sw van Pieter ZR6PSR 11 Nadia, daughter of Pat ZR6AVC and Frank ZS6GE 27 Emil ZS6EGB 14 Attie ZR6REY 27 Jac ZS6QA 14 Hilary ZR6HAP, daughter of Molly ZR6MOL and Richard ZS6UK 27 Selma, sw of Joe ZS6TB 17 Lynette ZR6LHT. dogter van Elize en Pieter ZR6AHT 20 Malcolm ZR6OLM, son of Retha and Roy ZS6XN July 01 Craig,son of Gordon ZS6AGV 22 Richard ZS6UK 05 Lynette, daughter of Bill ZS6KO 23 Annemie, dogter van Bernice en Pieter ZR6KSA 06 Anniversary of Julie and paul ZS6BMF (45) 26 Pieter ZR6PSR 06 Helen ZS6-2507, daughter of Retha and Roy XN Joys and Sorrows | Lief en Leed PARC SUBS / LEDEGELD 30-06-2008 Jean ZS6ARA se pa is in versorging geplaas. Pine ZS6OB se lv Erika is onwel en onder behandeling Please remit your subs in Betaal asb. u ledegeld Mike ZS6AFG is nearing the end of his treatments time to our treasurer or betyds aan ons tesourier by transfer to: of per oorplasing aan: Nuwe Lede | New members Bank : FNB Ordinary members/ gewone lede R70 applications Branch : 25 20 45 Spouses, pensioners R50 ZS6MEG Mike Brink ex ZR6RBI Account : 546 000 426 73 ZS6WVT Willem van tonder Your call sign must appear as statement text! ZS6AC Sarel Nienaber FUTURE MEETING DATES Diary | Dagboek (UTC times) Even months: Odd months: Saturdays 14:00 Wednesdays 20:00 June 07-08 IARU Region 1 Field Day CW 1500-1459 14 PARC Saturday afternoon Club meeting Jun 14 2008 14 Portugal Day contest 0000-2400 Aug 09 2008 Jul 09 2008 16 SARL Youth for Amateur Radio Oct 11 2008 Sept 10 2008 21-22 All-Asian DX Contest CW 0000-2400 Dec 13 2008 Nov 12 2008 28-29 Ukranian Digi-contest 1200-1200 28-29 His Majesty King of Spain Contest SSB 1200-1200 28-29 Marconi Memorial HF Contest 1400-1400 28-29 ARRL Field Day July 09 PARC Wednesday evening Club meeting First in Africa The Pretoria amateur Radio club has established the first D-Star digital-voice Snippets | Brokkies repeater system in Africa operational from ther Moreleta repeater site. • QSL's from SARL HQ now require members to send DL or B5 pre- paid Post-Office self addressed envelopes. The first 3-way repeater QSO took place on 16 May between ZS6AQ, ZS6RH and • PARC again made 1st place in the SARL 15-16 march VHF ZS6KR. contest with 54 682 pts – 5 times more than the nearest contender! Knap gedaan ZR6AHT, ZR6HVG, ZS6PJH, ZR6LHT, D-STAR (Digital Smart Technology for Amateur ZR6WGR. Desondanks die slegte weer en vroeё aftog het julle Radio) is an open protocol developed by the fantasties gepresteer. Japanese government and by the J. A. R. L. Icom is currently the only company manufacturing D-STAR-compatible radios. D- • At the recent SARL AGM two well-deserved Jack Twine Awards STAR radios can talk directly to each other were conferred on two of our members: Richard ZS6UK and without any intermediate equipment, or through Johan ZS6JHB. a repeater using D-STAR voice or data transceivers. • S.A.M. is sponsoring new membership cards. Make sure your callsign/name appears on our member's webpage as an "active The D-STAR system supports two types of member" else none will be made for you. While on that page, please digital data streams: edit in all your correct particulars. The Digital Voice (DV) stream used on 144 and 440 MHz which contains both digitized voice • Helen ZS6-2507, daughter of Roy ZS6XN obtained an RAE A-class (3600 bps including error correction) and pass and still needs to do her HF evaluation. Well done Helen. digital data (1200 bps). Using a DV radio is like having both a packet link and FM voice • SARL fees are also due end July as well as PARC fees (see box). operating simultaneously. Note the SARL has changed their bank and are now with ABSA branch 632-005 and account number 407-158-8849. WATTS 06 -2008 p3 Estie ZR6STB neem stappe na ZS status en pak 'n 40m ontvanger boustel aan Stap 1: identifiseer komponente Stap 2: wat gaan waar Stap3: soldeer alles vas Stap 4: sny drade af Stap 5: bou in kassie met kontroles en luidspreker, maak antenna en… dit werk! Stap 6: Nou vir die beoordeling… Doppies ZS6BAQ is experimenting to stabilize a commercial 5MHz oscillator for calibration and shack use by virtue of oven control. The left photo shows an initial experiment with a (green) resistor as heating element and a (black) thermistor next to it attached to the module. The right photo shows comparison with a GPS deri- ved signal during short and long term stability tests. WATTS 06 -2008 p4 Simple ICOM CI-V Interface published on the web by G3VGR Icom appears to delight in charging outrageous prices for all transceiver accessories, so many Hams improvise instead. A few circuits have been published for CI-V interfaces, most of which use the MAX232 IC. Here is a very simple CI-V interface, originally described by OK2WY. I've made small changes to the modem control signals connections. Although the circuit doesn't conform exactly to the RS-232 specification, it does work well and has the advantage of being easily constructed inside a 9 pin D-type shell. Please note that the resistor value 4K7 means 4700 ohms. The transistor types are not critical, I just happen to have plenty of 2N2222As. I've used this interface on various PC's and also Dell Latitude Notebooks with both an IC735 and IC706MkIIG. No problems have been experienced even at 19200 baud with the IC706. It has also worked successfully when using a USB/Serial adapter from a notebook. If a PTT function is required from the COM port, pin 7 (RTS) can be used to provide this facility. The circuit is powered by DTR (pin4). I experienced some problems with YPLog using this power source. If YPLog is configured to use PTT from either the Parallel port or a different serial port from the one used by the CI-V Interface, the program drops the DTR signal, resulting in no power to the interface. This is easily resolved by powering the circuit from RTS (pin 7) instead of DTR (pin4). Disclaimer: Although I have tested and used the above circuit on my own IC735 and IC706mkIIG with no problems, I do not make any representation or guarantee that this circuit will function, nor do I accept any responsibility whatsoever for any damage or malfunction arising from the use of this circuit. Here are some links to software for use with CI-V controlled Icom rigs: CI-V Test by DF4OR - Freeware program to test CI-V bus CI-V Commander by AA6YQ - Freeware program to control Icom rigs and monitor CI-V bus RadioComm by KE7ZZ - Careware program to control and load memories of Icom rigs IC706 Memory Manager by G4FEV - Freeware program to load IC706 memories YPLOG by VE6YP - Shareware Icom Rig control and logging program Dayton Hamvention 2008 – New Products 1. ICOM launched a new rugged HF radio the IC-7200 and also an new hendheld receiver 2. Yaesu launched a new quad-band handheld the VX-8 3. TenTec launched a new release of the Jupiter Radio 4. Heil launched a new directional microphone 5. Marconi launched a new radio kit 6. Timewave launched two new BlueTooth radio control and interface products WATTS 06 -2008 p5 TRANSISTORS 60 YEARS OLD: EUROPE AND THE SEMICONDUCTOR. (Article lifted from NARL Newsletter) by Pat Hawker G3VA With acknowledgement to RadCom In the UK, germanium point-contact transistors began to appear in research laboratories about 1951. GEC produced GETl, GET2 etc. devices using germanium refined from chimney flues. Mullard, owned by Philips, marketed low-cost alloy-junction transistors (probably made in Nymegen) in the mid-1950s as the OC44, OC45 RF types and OC71, OC72 AF types, and OC16 power type. The first MW/LW transistor radio to appear on the UK market, in June 1956, was the Pam Model 710, a brand of Pye, using eight transistors made by Newmarket Transistors Ltd, a subsidiary of Pye, with an I F of 315kHz. The following year, Pye marketed, under their own name, a table receiver (Model 123). The first British firm to concentrate solely on transistor sets, including miniaturised components, was Perdio, formed in 1955. Their first receiver, the PR-1, was shown at the 1957 Earls Court Radio Show but initially suffered component failures, not overcome until about 1958/9. Although the vast majority of UK amateurs remained committed to all-valve equipment throughout the 1950s and early 1960s, the availability of alloy-junction transistors that could oscillate at MF and low HF soon began to attract experimental interest. Early in February 1954, Tony Cockle, G3IEE, using a 1.8MHz transmitter (Figure 4) based on a single Mullard OC50 with an input of 30mW (described in the RSGB Bulletin, March 1954) made contact with a number of local stations, the first with G3DAZ at a distance of 2 miles. On 21 February, 1954, the Yeovil Amateur Radio Club station, G3CMH, made an un-arranged 3.5MHz CW sky- wave contact with G3CAZ in Haslemere, at a distance of some 90 miles, using a p-n-p point contact transistor in a crystal-controlled, negative-resistance oscillator designed by C G Banbury, BRS 20100 and described in the RSGB Bulletin April 1954, see also Radio Communication, February 1994, p5. Other reports of QRP transistor transmitters soon followed. During the night of April 19-20 1954, G3CCA of Leicester made a number of 1.8MHz contacts, using a transistor oscillator with an input of 50mW, including stations in Harlow, Essex, Littlehampton and Liverpool. During a contact with G3ERN (Harlow) at a distance of 100 miles, G3CCA made possibly the first transistor DX 'phone contact using a modulator consisting of five GETl transistors. In A Guide to Amateur Radio (6th edition, 1958), I included an illustration captioned "Transistors now offer many exciting possibilities for fresh experimental work. Here is a low power, two-stage transmitter with which G3CCA successfully spanned the North Sea in 1954." By the time that 'T1' began in April 1958, transistors were established as devices that could be used for many purposes. The very first diagram ever in 'T1' was of a simple transistorised CW monitor, using an AF transistor oscillator powered from rectified RF pick-up (Figure 5). The 1950s and 1960s saw the availability of an increasingly wide range of semiconductor devices, including silicon transistors and diodes, JFETs, dual-gate MOSFETS, CMOS, VMOS, Zener diodes, varactors etc. Small-signal p-n-p and n-p-n transistors became available at lower cost than thermionic valves. The silicon BYF51 as an oscillator could deliver 1 W RF output (Figure 6). Hybrid and all-transistor communications receivers and hybrid transceivers began to appear on the market in the mid-1960s. Bipolar silicon transistors and MOSFETs capable of increasing power output at up to 30M Hz became available at some cost; low-cost VMOS devices could provide some watts of RF on the lower part of the HF spectrum. WATTS 06 -2008 p6 Progress is still continuing. 'TT' has reported on a German solid-state transceiver with an output of 600 watts; a description in QEX by JElBLI and JAIl DJW amateurs of a 1.5kW linear using two ARF1500 devices in push-pull; a similar design is being marketed by Tokyo Hy-Power as the HL-2.5KFX. Freescale Semiconductors has recently introduced their MRF6VP11 KH dual LDMOSFET which can deliver 1 kW pulsed output (duty cycle 20%) at 130M Hz intended for use in MRI medical systems. Yet, for various reasons, many amateurs, at least until the late 1970s, still preferred to use valves, particularly for home construction. Valves seemed more familiar, less vulnerable to over-voltages; with more consistent and better-defined characteristics. This feeling gradually lessened but, for a few of us, has never entirely disappeared. The difficulty of handling the latest generation of tiny surface-mounted components, with their many pin-outs, has revived interest in discrete components, and even, to some extent, in the 'obsolete' thermionic valve. In 'TT' (October 2007, p82) I noted that Peter Chadwick, G3RZp, claimed that July 2007 had seen the 50th anniversary of the opening by Plessey Semiconductors of the Cheney Manor plant in Swindon, which was Europe's first purpose-built semiconductor facility. It was a joint effort with Philco for making surface-barrier transistors, the first type of transistor capable of working up to VHF. This device had first appeared in 1954. This brought the following comment from Gerald Drijver, PG2D: "In my opinion this [claim] is not correct. I claim that the Philips Semiconductor Facility in Nijmegen was the first European purpose-built semiconductor plant." He explains: "I started my professional career as an electronics engineer in semiconductor development at Philips in Eindhoven, The Netherlands, in April 1954. In October 1953, Philips started a semiconductor production department in the basement of the Twentse Bank (later ABNAMRO) building in the city of Nijmegen and at the same time began building there a new factory for that purpose. The alreadyrunning production moved into the new building at the end of 1954. The development laboratory (including me) moved from Eindhoven to the new building in Nijmegan about 19 January 1955, by which time two production buildings, the laboratory and administrative-building were ready. The official opening by the Dutch Minister of Economic Affairs was on 12 July 1955. I retired on 30 November 1988, after almost 35 years in semiconductor development. " Long Term HF Propagation Prediction for June 2008 (courtesy Vince ZS6BTY) DX Operating F 2 C r itic a l F r e q u e n c y a n d 4 0 0 0 k m M U F: The graph shows the P r e to r ia - J u n e 2 0 0 8 4000 km maximum useable frequency (MUF) 35 to the East, North, West 28 and South from Pretoria fo F 2 for the first hop using 21 M U F E ast MHz the F2 layer. M U F N o r th Local Operating 14 M U F W est The F2 critical frequency M U F S o u th (foF2) is the maximum 7 frequency that will reflect 0 when you transmit 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 straight up. E-layer U T C reflection is not shown. ITALY GAINS NEW FREQUENCIES (from 25 Bulletin) Effective 13 May 2008, Italian amateur radio operators are authorized to use 7100-7200 kHz (for the time being on a secondary basis), using a total radiated power not exceeding 24 dbW. Roy ZS6XN still has these projects available 3LED monitor - R20.00, 10 LED with charger controller R170.00. See details under Tech Projects on our website. IMPORTANT CHANGE TO OUR WEBSITE SWAP SHOP POLICY Swap shop postings are now open to all amateurs - whether club members or not - on a trial basis. This is to entice a broader spectrum of advertisers - and dealers of any related equipment. Management will however immediately remove spammers and nonsense adverts. WATTS 06 -2008 p7 Amazingly simple home remedies Avoid cutting yourself when slicing vegetables by getting someone else to hold the veggies while you chop. For high blood pressure sufferers: Simply cut yourself and bleed for a few minutes, thus reducing the pressure. Remember to use a timer. A mouse trap placed on top of your alarm clock will prevent you from rolling over and going back to sleep after you hit the snooze button. If you have a bad cough, take a large dose of laxatives – you will be afraid to cough. WATTS 06 -2008 p8
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Neoseeker : Games : Playstation : Sports : Other : Rocket Power: Team Rocket Rescue
BackgroundBased on the Nickelodeon cartoon series, Team Rocket Rescue will see you as Team Rocket kids Otto, Reggie, Twister and Sam. Help them win competitions in an effort to represent the Rocket Boards extreme sports shop, and help them draw publicity away from the Sno-Mart competition. Earn and utilize special tricks to unlock secret characters and help master the 16 levels of varied gameplay.
Official URLOfficial Site
Recent threads
- No Super McVarial 900! Dec 6
- where? Dec 4
- Should i purchase this? Dec 4
- skateboard Apr 20
momoroxyourworld and 2 others own Rocket Power: Team Rocket Rescue
Garbage in a video game case
Man, THQ must have REALLY wanted some money to make a no-good, junky game like this....
We are riders...
I won't question the mental stability of those wowed by the whimsy of Rocket Power...
Rocket Power
All in all it is veyr good, and I would still buy even thought it is hard, it makes it...
Rocket Power
This game is good. definatly the first game I would buy
i think the second level is hard
i can't get a piece of the bike! that's why i don't like it!
- Genre: Other (PSX)
- Developer: Darkblack Ltd.
- Publisher: THQ
Released North America Sep 6, 2001


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Luzerne County officials are pursuing the recreation advisory board's request to use $40,000 in natural gas recreation funding to expand the Susquehanna Warrior Trail into Plymouth Township.
Advisory board members expressed concerns Monday their suggestions have been ignored by county officials, with board member Vincent Cotrone resigning in frustration.
County Chief Solicitor C. David Pedri told County Council committee members Tuesday that he and county Manager Robert Lawton have been working on the Susquehanna Warrior Trail request. Trail representatives will be invited to next week's full council committee meeting to describe the project, officials decided.
The Susquehanna Warrior Trail Council has an 18.5-mile easement with UGI/Penn Natural Gas Co. for a hiking and biking path along the Susquehanna River from the Riverlands near PPL's Susquehanna nuclear power plant in Salem Township to Edwardsville, a release said.
Eleven miles of trail have been completed to date from the Riverlands to the Garden Drive-In Theater in Hunlock Township.
The trail council has received a new $320,000 grant from the state Department of Conservation and Natural Resources that will allow construction of about four more miles of trail into Plymouth Township.
To receive the state grant, the trail council must come up with $80,000 in matching funds by May 1. The Berwick Health and Wellness Fund recently provided $40,000, prompting the trail council to seek $40,000 of the county's $260,000 to $270,000 in annual recreation funding from the natural gas industry.
Pedri told council the county has not yet received its 2014 natural gas funding but said the state may be willing to accept a commitment letter pledging the $40,000 when it arrives.
Phil Russo, chairman of the county recreation advisory board, thanked county officials for embracing the proposal, saying the trail is a "wonderful project."
Russo also pledged to continue working with the county, saying officials should not "read too much" into Cotrone's resignation. He said Cotrone, an urban forester from Kingston, will stay active in recreational matters and continue providing expertise, even though he no longer serves on the panel.
The group's frustration also stems from the departure of at least three county engineers who had been designated as the board's liaison for recreational matters, Russo told the council committee Tuesday.
County Council members are still awaiting a final cost estimate before voting on the advisory board's request to use natural gas funding to reactivate the River Common fountain at least one day per week from Memorial Day to Labor Day.


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I usually put a big grill pan in the freezer at the beginning of the brew day.
then I pour the sample, about 150ml / 5 oz , into the cold pan and put it back in the fridge. since these pans are made out of thick iron they have a hi thermal mass , plus the ridges giving more contact surface to help chill faster.
I put the hot wort in a coffee mug, then put the mug in a bowl of cool water. After a minute, switch out the water, add ice, and place in the fridge.
Primary: Delicious Beer
Secondary: Delicious Beer, Delicious Cider
Kegeratin': Delicious Draft Beer
Bottled: Delicious Bottled Beer and Cider
I'm just now building my MLT so I'm not all grain yet, but I was thinking about this the other day.
What about keeping a few metal table knifes in the freezer and putting a couple in your hydro test jar with the hot wort? Seams like there would be enough thermal mass and surface area to be effective. Anyone tried it?
I just pour it into a beer glass and set the beer glass in my bucket of starsan. Since I only make a couple gallons it does cover the glass and brings it down to room temp pretty quick and I don't have to worry about overchilling the sample.
Kegged: Hoppy Amber, ESB, Weizenbock, Breakfast Stout, IPA
Fermenting: Yooper's Oktoberfest
I pour the sample into a bucket and let it cool for 5-10 minutes. Since the layer of wort on the bottom of the bucket is very thin, it cools quickly.
In the winter, I have to watch it -- I've frozen hydrometer samples this way.


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I came across a problem in my code today where an access violation was being caused, AFAICT, by casting a COM object of mine to an IUnknown**. The function it was passed into executed without a problem but when calling one of my object's functions it would execute some random function and corrupt the stack then die.
Indicative code (just ignore why it's done this way - I know it's bad and I know how to fix it but this is a question of why problems like this may occur):
void MyClass2::func(IMyInterface* pMyObj)
CComPtr<IMyInterface2> pMyObj2;
HRESULT hRes = pMyObj->GetInternalObject((IUnknown**)&pMyObj2);
if (SUCCEEDED(hRes))
pMyObj2->Function(); // corrupt stack
void MyClass::GetInternalObject(IUnknown** lpUnknown)
pInternalObject->QueryInterface(IID_IMyInterface2, (void**)lpUnknown);
I have always been a bit suspicious of using C/C++ casts on COM objects but I've never encountered (possibly through undefined behaviour) any problems until now.
I had a quick look and from what I can tell casting to IUnknown is technically valid so long as there is no multiple interitance in the inheritance chain, however it is not considered best practice - I should really pass an IUnknown to
MyClass::GetInternalObject(IUnknown** lpUnknown) and then query the return value for the interface I want.
My question is, are there rules as to when C/C++ casts can be used on COM objects, and aside from multiple inheritance and the adjustor thunks they bring, how can casting COM objects result in surprises like access violations? Please be detailed.
Edit: They're all good examples of how it should be done properly but what I was hoping for was a technical explanation of why you shouldn't cast COM objects (assuming one exists) e.g. casting will return pMyObj2-4 in situation x but QueryInterface will return pMyObj2-8 because of y...or is casting COM objects simply a matter of bad practice/style?


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Buffalo Bills - Off-Season 2013 (Draft day draft day gotta get down on draft day)
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Originally Posted by
If Kolb was taking double the pressures Fitz was, it's amazing he did ANYTHING. Fitz took a lot of hits last year(many ala Pears), and showed a ton of toughness playing through it. I'm going to give Kolb a chance to prove himself before I do any bashing. You can't, repeat can't do any worse than a QB that defenses are aware can't throw down-field. Now, if Kolb is to succeed(not just do ok), then we're going to need pass protection. I think a lot of fans greatly exaggerated how good our line was, especially as protectors. It's no wonder our screen game was so good, the defenders EXPECTED to walk right past them.
...and Kyle Moore. I think he's still a UFA, but I can't see us going into camp w/o him as a depth player. If he continues to learn, and continues to improve, he may force himself into the lineup.
I thought he was an RFA but i'm not positive. I think this will make Carrington a FG blocking player only.
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POSTED: Friday, February 26, 2010 - 11:38pm
UPDATED: Thursday, April 22, 2010 - 10:39am
TYLER - A feud is developing between Representatives Chuck Hopson and Leo Berman.
Rep. Berman says Rep. Hopson is not a true conservative, pointing to his liberal voting history.
Hopson denies Bermans's statements. He offers his endorsements by conservatives as proof.
Both representatives are up for re-election.
The first three attachments show Berman's argument against Hopson as a conservative.
The final attachment is a response from the Chuck Hopson campaign.


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they are appointed to a level of competition appropriate to their level of competence
they have access to opportunities to improve their skills as technical officials
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