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Volunteer to meet people, learn new skills and help your neighbors. Provide companionship and assistance to an older adult and make a new friend. Volunteers transport older adults who can no longer drive and cannot use public transportation to medical and other necessary appointments. Volunteers also help deliver prepackaged food, donated by Manna Food Bank, boxed by the Salvation Army, delivered once a month to the homebound elderly. We often get requests for various odd and interesting volunteer opportunities - babysit for a pet while someone is in the hospital, pick up food from local farmers and distribute to low income elderly, spend time with someone so a family member can get a break. And, we appreciate volunteer help with administrative needs here in the office as well.
Current Volunteer Needs:
|Call A Ride Drivers
|Adopt A Lawn (lawn maintenance)
|Minor Home Repair
|Medicare Counseling
All volunteers must pass a criminal background check. Volunteers who transport service recipients require a Motor Vehicle Records check.


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This disclosure relates to a web splicer wherein a running web is fed between two rolls into a nip therebetween and wherein a new web is joined to the running web in the nip by means of a joining strip which has a pressure sensitive adhesive on one face thereof, the joining strip being secured to the new web in projecting relation therefrom. The rolls are provided with grooves and a make-ready unit for the new web includes a support having fingers for positioning the splice strip with the fingers being movable down into the associated roll in grooves therein to present the joined strip and the new web to the associated roll. Detector means are provided for detecting the end of the running web and support positioning means are actuated by the detector to position the new web relative to the rolls. There is also provided a suitable support for a roll of web, the support permitting the roll to be mounted when the spindle thereof is in a readily accessible horizontal position at one side of the machine and to be positioned in a higher horizontal position overlying the machine.
1. For use in a web splicer, a make-ready unit comprising a support, means mounting said support for pivotal movement, said support having a terminal edge portion remote from said mounting means, said terminal edge portion being in the form of a plurality of fingers spaced transversely of said support and forming a longitudinal extension of said support, at least certain of said fingers having terminal stop means remote from said support for longitudinally positioning a starter web on said support, and hold down means carried by said support for holding a new web on said support.
2. The device of claim 1 together with positioning means for moving said unit between a make-ready position and a running position.
3. The device of claim 1 wherein there is a web roll, said fingers overlap said web roll, said web roll being grooved in alignment with said fingers, and said fingers upon pivoting of said support being movable into said web roll in recessed relation for directing a starter web against said web roll to initiate feeding of a new web.
4. The device of claim 3 wherein said hold down means is a roll overlying said finger and cooperable with said web roll when said fingers move into said web roll.
5. The device of claim 1 wherein there are two web rolls mounted in cooperating web feeding relation and defining a nip therebetween, said fingers overlap one of said web rolls, said one web roll being adjacent said support and being grooved in alignment with said fingers, and said fingers upon pivoting of said support being movable into said one web roll in recessed relation for directing a starter web directly into said nip by said one roll and into adhered engagement with a running web passing through said nip.
6. The device of claim 5 together with positioning means for moving said unit between a make-ready position and a running position.
7. The device of claim 5 wherein there is a second of said make-ready unit positioned for cooperation with the other of said web rolls, and said other web roll having grooves therein for reception of fingers of said second make-ready unit.
8. The device of claim 7 wherein the grooves in said web rolls are in alignment.
9. The device of claim 5 wherein said running web enters said nip around the other of said rolls.
10. For use in a web splicer, a make-ready unit comprising a support, means mounting said support for pivotal movement, said support having a terminal edge portion remote from said mounting means, said terminal edge portion being in the form of a plurality of fingers spaced transversely of said support, at least certain of said fingers having terminal stop means for positioning a starter web, and hold down means carried by said support for holding a new web on said support, said mounting means being supported in an elevated position by a machine frame; and a web support spindle for supporting a new web in roll form, support means for supporting said spindle from said frame in an elevated position, said support means comprising a fixed support for releasably receiving one end of said spindle and a support arm rigidly connected to the other end of said spindle, first hinge means connecting said support arm to said frame for swinging movement of said spindle from a horizontal operative position to a vertical intermediate position, said support arm being of a two piece construction and second hinge means arranged parallel to said first hinge means hingedly connecting said support arm pieces together for the relative movement thereof to a position wherein said spindle is in a horizontal web round receiving position to one side of said frame and materially below said horizontal operative position.
11. The device of claim 10 together with latch means carried by one of said support arm pieces and engageable with the other of said support arm pieces for selectively rendering said second hinge means inoperative.
12. A web feed and splicing arrangement comprising a pair of cooperating feed rolls defining a continuously formed nip, first and second web support means for mounting webs in roll form on opposite sides of said nip, and web splicing means mounted adjacent said feed rolls for directing a web splice directly in said nip, said web splicing means including a separate splice forming unit individually associated with each of said feed rolls, each splice forming unit being in the form of a make ready unit comprising a support, means mounting said support for pivotal movement, said support having a terminal edge portion remote from said mounting means, said terminal edge portion being in the form of a plurality of fingers spaced transversely of said support and forming a longitudinal extension of said support, at least certain of said fingers having terminal stop means remote from said support for longitudinally positioning a starter web, and hold down means carried by said support for holding a new web on said support.
This invention relates in general to new and useful improvements in web splicers, and more particularly to a web splicer suitable for the splicing of a new web to a running web wherein the webs are formed of plastics material.
It is well known to provide automatic web splicers. It is also well known to provide adhesive means to effect the automatic splicing of one web with respect to another. However, known web splicers which function automatically are of relatively cumbersome and expensive.
In accordance with this invention, a running web is passed between two rolls defining a nip. A new web is provided with a splice strip or joint strip which has a pressure sensitive adhesive coating on one surface thereof. The splice strip is presented into the nip between the two rolls in opposed relation to the running web so as to be automatically adhered thereto.
One of the primary features of the invention is the ability to present the splice strip automatically to the rolls. In order to accomplish this, the support for the new web includes a plurality of fingers which accurately position the splice strip and these fingers are aligned with annular grooves in the associated one of the rolls so that when it is desired to present the splice strip to the associated roll, the fingers may move down into the roll and engage the splice strip and new web to the moving surface of the roll for movement into the nip thereby.
Another feature of the invention is that the same type of support may be duplicated with respect to the other of the rolls and these supports, although they overlap one another, can be sequentially presented to the rolls, clearing one another, whereby either one of the webs may be the running web and the other of the webs may be the new web.
Another feature of this invention is the provision of a novel support for a roll of web material. In machines of the type to which this invention is particularly related, the roll of web material is positioned over the machine in an inaccessible position. In order to load a new web, the spindle for the web is movable from its elevated position overlying the machine to a lowered horizontal position along side of the machine so that the new web may be readily applied thereto. The web support is provided with two hinges in order to accomplish this. The first hinge permits the spindle to be moved to one side of the machine in a vertical position, and the second hinge permits the spindle to be swung from its vertical position to the lower horizontal position.
With the above and other objects in view that will hereinafter appear, the nature of the invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the following detailed description, the appended claimed subject matter, and the several views illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a support and splicer arrangement for two webs in accordance with this invention.
FIG. 2 is a top perspective view with parts omitted showing more specifically the details of the web splicer and the web support.
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary perspective view showing the web supports pivoted from its operative web supporting position to an intermediate position.
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary perspective view of the web support of FIG. 3 where it is further pivoted to its lower horizontal position for the loading of a web thereon.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view taken through the device and shows specifically the details thereof and the relationship of a make-ready web with respect to a running web.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary diagrammatic view showing the specific details of the mounting of the make-ready support for the web and the linkage for moving the same from an inoperative position to an operative position.
FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic view showing the mounting of the hold down roll and the means for moving the same between an elevated position permitting the feeding of a web and a lowered position holding the web in place on the support in a ready position.
FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic view showing the manner in which a ready new web is initially fed into splicing engagement with a running web by one of the make-ready web supports in the manner in which a further new web will be carried by the other of the make-ready supports.
Referring now to the drawings in detail, it will be seen that the web splicer is generally identified by the numeral 10. The web splicer 10 is mounted on a machine frame identified by the numeral 11. The web splicer 10 includes a pair of supports 12 and 13 for separate rolls of web material which are to be sequentially fed to the machine. In between the web supports 12 and 13 is a web splicing mechanism, generally identified by the numeral 14.
The web splicing mechanism 14 includes a support frame 15 extending upwardly at opposite sides of the machine. Each support frame includes a main support member 16 which is rigidly mounted with respect to the machine frame 11 and which is provided with a bearing member 17 which supports for rotation a shaft 18 of a roll 20.
Pivotally carried by each main support 16 is an auxiliary support 21, the auxiliary support 21 being mounted on a pivot 22 carried by its respective main support. The auxiliary support 21 is also positioned by means of a fastener 23 carried by the main support 16 and slightly movable within a slot 24 in the auxiliary support 21.
The auxiliary support 21 also carries bearing elements 25 which support for rotation a shaft 26 of a second roll 27.
A tension spring 28 extends between each main support 16 and its auxiliary support 21 and urges the rolls 20 and 27 together. Thus a web or webs running between the rolls 20, 27 are grasped by the rolls. The rolls 27 are preferably formed of a resilient material.
The upper portions of the main support 16 have extending therebetween a pivot shaft 30. Pivotally mounted on the pivot shaft 30 is a make-ready unit, generally identified by the numeral 31. The auxiliary support 21 also carries a pivot shaft 32 and pivotally mounted on a pivot shaft 32 is a make-ready unit, generally identified by the numeral 33. The make-ready units 31 and 33 are of identical constructions and, accordingly, only the make-ready unit 33 will be described in detail hereinafter.
Make-ready unit 33 includes a pair of side plates 34 which are joined together by a web supporting plate 35. The side plates 34 are directly pivotally mounted on the pivot shaft 32.
The upper rear corners of each of the side plates 34 is provided with an extension 36 and the extension 36 are provided with a shaft 37 extending therebetween on which a web support roll 38 is rotatably mounted.
Associated with each side plate 34 is a positioning device which in the preferred embodiment is in the form of a linerar extensible solenoid device 40 having a plunger shaft 41. When the solenoid device 40 is not energized, the plunger shaft 41 projects upwardly therefrom and holds the side plates 34 and the web support plate 35 in an upper position through suitable linkage. When the solenoid devices 40 are energized, the plunger shafts 41 thereof are pulled downwardly so as to pull the side plates and web support plate 35 downwardly with the same pivoting about the pivot shaft 32.
Carried by each side plate 34 is a bracket 42. Each bracket 42 has pivotally connected thereto a link 43. The opposite end of each link is pivotally connected to a triangular crank member 44. Each triangular crank member 44 is pivotally mounted on the support shaft 32. A further link 45 connects the crank 44 to the plunger shaft 41. The relationship of the crank 44 with respect to the plunger shaft 41 and the bracket 42 provides for the desired pivotal movement of the side plates 34 and the web support plate 35.
Suitably mounted at the underside of the web support plate 35 and projecting forwardly therefrom is a plurality of fingers 46. The fingers 46 are spaced transversely of the roll 27 and, as is best shown in FIG. 8, each finger 46 has a primary upper surface 47 which is co-planar with the upper surface of the associated web support plate 35. The terminal end of each finger 46 has an upstanding projecting 48 which functions as a stop.
The roll 27 is provided with a plurality of annular grooves 50 therein which are aligned with respective ones of the fingers 46. As is best shown in FIG. 8, the lower forward part of each finger 46 includes an arcuate surface 51 which is configurated so that when the make-ready unit 33 is moved downwardly for cooperation with the rolls 27, the fingers will clear the shaft 26 and central hub portion 52 thereof. On the other hand, when the make-ready unit 33 is in its elevated position, as shown in FIG. 7, only the trailing portion of each finger 46 is positioned within the groove of the roll 27. Thus there is no problem of entry of the fingers 46 into the grooves 50.
In order that a new web, the web 53, may be accurately positioned on the web support plate 35, there is provided a hold down roll 54. The hold down roll 54 is rotatably journaled at its ends in a pair of arms 55 which are upper forward portions of a pair of plates 56 disposed immediately transversely inwardly of the side plates 34 and pivotally mounted on a pivot rod 57 carried by the side plates 34. Each plate 56 has formed therein a cam opening 58 in which there is positioned a cam 60 mounted on a transverse shaft 61 carried by the side plates 34. A lever 62 is secured to one end of the shaft 61 for rotating the cam 60.
With reference to FIG. 5, it will be seen that at each side of the device there is a longitudinal frame member 64 suitably carried by the primary supports 16. The frame members 64 carry the solenoid devices 40. Further, the frame member 64 at the side of the device remote from that shown in FIG. 1 is provided with extensions 65 and 66. Each of these extensions carries an upstanding support 67 which, in turn, carries a bracket 68 having a switch 70 mounted thereon. Each switch 70 has an actuator arm 71 which extends transversely of the machine and engages the respective web to detect the end of the web.
Assuming that the web carried by the web support 12 is the running web, that web will extend down between the rolls 20, 27 and extend forwardly along the machine for use. The running web is identified by the numeral 72. The running web 72 extends over the roll 38 of its make-ready unit 31 and down under the roll 54 in between the rolls 20, 27. The make-ready unit 31 has been drawn down into its operative position by the associated solenoid devices 40 as is clearly shown in FIG. 5. The make-ready unit 33 is in its elevated position. If desired, the make-ready units may be held in elevated positions by means of suitable springs, such as the spring 73 illustrated in FIG. 6.
The new web 53 extends under the associated switch actuator 71 and over the associated roll 38 onto the upper surface of the web support plate 35. As is best illustrated in FIG. 8, the new web 53 has secured to the underside of the leading portion thereof the upper surface of a splice strip 74. The upper surface of the splice strip 74 is provided with a pressure sensitive adhesive coating 75. Thus the exposed face of the splice strip 74 has an adhesive coating thereon which may bond the same to the running web 72.
It is to be understood that the new web 53 is positioned with respect to the make-ready units 33 with the splice strip 74 resting upon the fingers 46 and with the leading edge thereof engaging the stops 48 of the fingers so as to properly position the splice strip 74. Immediately rearwardly of the splice strip 74, the leading portion of the new web 53 is clamped against the surface 47 of the fingers by the roll 54.
At this time it is pointed out that the switch 70 associated with the web 53 is in an electrical system with the solenoid devices 40 of the make-ready unit 31 in such a manner when actuated, the solenoid devices 40 will be energized. In a like manner, it is to be understood that the switch 70 associated with the running web 72 controls the actuation of the solenoid devices 40 of the make-ready unit 33. It will be seen that the make-ready unit 31 is in its down position and the make-ready unit 33 is in its up position.
With reference to FIG. 8, it will be seen that the running web 72 is in the last stage of being exhausted and has separated from its support and the switch associated therewith has been actuated so as to actuate the solenoid devices 40 of the make-ready unit 33. The solenoid devices 40 of the make-ready unit 33 is drawn the same downwardly so as to engage the splice strip 74 with the periphery of the roll 27 for feeding thereby. It is further to be noted that the hold down roll 54 now directly opposes the surface of the roll 27 so as to clamp the leading portion of the new web 53 between the roll 54 and the roll 27. Thus the new web 53 is fed down into the nip between the rolls 20, 27 with the result that the adhesive coating 75 of the splice strip 74 is brought into face-to-face engagement with the outer surface of the running web 72 and the new web 53 is bonded to the running web 72 in back-to-back relation. Preferably the amount of overlap between the two webs is on the order of 2-3 inches.
After the new web 53 becomes the running web, replacing the web 72 as the running web, it is necessary to load a new roll of web material on the support 12 and to provide the same with a splice strip 74. Such a further new web is identified by the numeral 76 and illustrated in FIG. 8 in phantom lines in the position which it will assume with the make-ready unit 31 after it has been moved out of operative engagement with the roll 20. In order to facilitate the movement of the make-ready units 31, 33 to their elevated positions, each is provided with a lift arm 77 having a suitable handle 78 thereon.
It is to be understood that the web roll supports 12 and 13 are identical. Accordingly, only the web roll support 13 will be described in detail.
As is best shown in FIG. 2, the web roll support 13 includes a spindle 80 which will be provided with suitable roll support means 81 mounting the associated web roll for rotation. The spindle 80 is carried by a hinged support, generally identified by the numeral 82, and has the opposite end thereof seated in a bifurcated support bracket 83 carried by an upstanding support member 84.
The hinged support 82 includes a support arm 84 which is provided at the lower end thereof with a hinged bracket 85 projecting downwardly therefrom and being hingedly connected to a mounting bracket 86 by means of a hinged end 87. The mounting bracket 86 is suitably secured to the frame 11 in any desired manner.
The upper end of the support arm 84 is provided with a hinge bracket 88 which is connected by means of a hinge pin 90 to hinge brackets 91 carried by the lower end of an upper support arm 92. The upper support arm 92 is provided at the upper end thereof with a lift arm 93 having a handle mounted thereon. Below the lift arm 93 is a pivot bracket 95 which is generally parallel to the lift arm 93. Secured to the upper support arm 92 in the vicinity of the lift arm 93 and the pivot bracket 95 is a bearing unit 96 for the spindle 80.
In order that the support arm 92 may normally be a continuation of the support arm 84, extending across the opposed ends of the support arms 84, 92 is a pair of plates 97. Disposed between the plates 97 is a support arm 98 which is of substantially the same thickness as the arms 84, 92. The upper end of the support arm 98 is pivotally connected to the pivot bracket 95 by means of a pivot pin 100. A spring 101 constantly urges the support arm 98 against the arms 84, 92 so as to hold the plates 97 in position.
In order that the plates 97 may be moved out of position against the edging of the spring 101, the support arm 98 is provided with a handle 102 which is provided with a grip knob 103.
Referring now to FIG. 3 in particular, it will be seen that when the handle 102 is gripped and pulled transversely of the machine, the spindle 80 and the remainder of the hinged support 82 will swing about the hinge or pivot pin 87 through an angle of 90� until the flat surface of the support arm 85 bears against a resilient bumper member 105 carried by a frame member 107. The frame member 107 overlies other ends of transverse frame members 108 which are secured to the underside of the hinge bracket 86. A further frame member 110 underlies the frame member 107 and is secured to the underside of each of the transverse frame members 108.
When the hinged support 82 assumes its horizontal position, the support arms 84 and 92 are horizontally disposed with the result that the spindle 80 is vertically disposed. It is not feasible to load a new web roll onto the spindle when it is in its vertical position. It is therefore desirable that the spindle 80 be pivoted once again through an angle of 90� so that it may be disposed outwardly of the machine of which the frame 11 is a part and in a horizontal position at a height readily accessible to an operator. Accordingly, the handle 102 is actuated to swing the plates 97 to a position spaced from the support arms 84, 92, thus releasing the support arm 92 for hinging about its hinge pin 90. Outward swinging of the support arm 98 relative to the support arm 92 is limited by means of a stop pin 111 carried by a bracket 112.
As shown in FIG. 4, hinging of the support arm 92 about the hinge pin 90 results in the support arm 92 assuming a depending vertical position with respect to the support arm 84 while the spindle 80 assumes an outwardly projecting horizontal position, in which position a new roll of web may be positioned thereon.
With further reference to FIG. 4, it is to be noted that the support arm 84 is provided with a projecting plate 113 and that the support arm 92 is provided with a notch 114 in alignment with the projecting portion of the projecting plate 113. The projecting portion of the plate 113 engages the support arm 92 and inhibits the pivoting thereof about the hinge pin 90 so as to prevent a sudden dropping of the support arm 92 when the plates 97 are moved to their inoperative positions.
At this time it is also pointed out that if desired, a protective covering may be provided for the opposed ends of the support arms 84 and 92 so as to prevent an operator from having his finger or other part of his body pinched between the support arms 84, 92 when they are moved to their planar position.
At this time it is pointed out that when the new roll of web is positioned on a lower spindle 80, it is now feasible to apply the splice strip 74 to the free end of the web. When the web roll is being mounted on the support 12, looking at the end of the spindle, the material will be wound in a clockwise direction and the splice strip will be applied to the vent upper surface of the free end portion of the web. On the other hand, when the web roll is being mounted on the sprindle of the support 13, looking at the end of the spindle the web material will also be wound counter-clockwise, but the splice strip will be applied to the underside of the terminal portion of the web.
It will be understood that none of the splice mechanism 14 or the supports 12, 13 will in any way interfere with the running web and the operator will have ample space within which to first load a new roll and then position the leading portion thereof and the splice strip secured thereto with respect to the associated make-ready unit.
Although only a preferred embodiment of the splice mechanism and supports has been specifically illustrated and described herein, it is to be understood that minor variations may be made in the mechanism without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as defined by the appended claims.
Patent Citations
Referenced by
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subset: commoncrawl


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(Lewis Geyer / Longmont Times-Call)
Faith Baptist: Longmont private school set to join CHSAA ranks
Pioneers will have three teams competing at next level
Five years ago, when Jared Gunderson was still the athletic director at Faith Baptist School, he proposed to the school's administration that its athletic programs join the Colorado High School Activities Association. Full Story
Boys basketball: 2014-15 season preview capsules
12/02/2014 05:14 PM MST - The players to watch and team-by-team look at the 2014-15 boys basketball season. Full Story
Girls basketball: 2014-15 season preview capsules
12/02/2014 05:13 PM MST - The players to watch and team-by-team glance at the 2014-15 girls basketball season. Full Story
Rooney: Slight changes coming to Athlete of the Week features
09/09/2014 09:03 PM MDT - There will be some changes regarding the publication date of our Athletes of the Week feature beginning this week. Full Story
Football: Week 2 preview capsules
09/06/2014 05:35 PM MDT - So with one week in the books, what did we learn? Full Story
Volleyball: 2014 season preview capsules
08/21/2014 08:25 PM MDT - The players to watch and team-by-team outlook for the 2014 volleyball season. Full Story
Boys soccer: 2014 season preview capsules
08/18/2014 03:04 PM MDT - The players to watch and team-by-team outlook for the 2014 boys soccer season. Full Story
Realignment gives local prep scene new look in 2014-15
08/04/2014 03:31 PM MDT - This year, teams will be moving left, right, up and down, with new leagues and even re-classification taking place for some. Full Story
Boys basketball: 2014 BoCoPreps.com All-Region team
04/04/2014 10:30 PM MDT - Introducing the 2013-14 BoCoPreps.com boys basketball All-Region team. FIRST TEAM BEN BEAUCHAMP, 6-3, Sr. Full Story
State basketball: Updated results & pairings after Thursday's action
03/06/2014 10:52 PM MST - Class 5A quarterfinal action and schedules for all classes. Full Story


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DEFINITION of 'Franking Credit'
A type of tax credit found in countries such as Australia that allows domestic companies to pass through taxes that have already been paid on corporate profits. The investor receiving stock dividends will also receive a quantity of franking credits in proportion to the overall tax rate of the company per dollar in profits.
When filing personal income taxes, the investor will record as income both the amount of the dividend and the amount of the franking credit; however, the franking credits can be deducted from the total tax due. If the investor has franking credits remaining and no more income tax due, franking credits can be returned as a tax refund to the investor.
INVESTOPEDIA EXPLAINS 'Franking Credit'
Franking credits are a type of dividend imputation and a way to reduce or eliminate the double taxation of dividends that occurs in many advanced economies. Franking credits are also calculated for mutual funds that hold Australian-based companies, which are then passed through to investors at year end. This program is relatively new (instituted in 1987) and its effects are watched closely by those who would wish to see a similar system in the United States and other nations.
For the larger, blue-chip companies operating in Australia, the franking credit is a great way to promote long-term equity ownership and has led to increases in dividend payouts to investors.
Double TaxationA taxation principle referring to income taxes that are paid ...
Blue-Chip StockStock of a large, well-established and financially sound company ...
Capital Gains TreatmentThe specific taxes assessed on investment capital gains as determined ...
Stock DividendA dividend payment made in the form of additional shares, rather ...
Dividend ImputationAn arrangement in Australia and several other countries that ...
Ordinary IncomeIncome received that is taxed at the highest rates, or ordinary ...
What is the double taxation of dividends?After all is said and done, companies that have made a profit can do one of two things with the excess cash. They can (1) ... Read Full Answer >>
Investing Basics
How And Why Do Companies Pay Dividends?If a company decides to pay dividends, it will choose one of three approaches: residual, stability or hybrid policies. Which a company chooses can determine how profitable its dividend payments ...
Using Tax Lots: A Way To Minimize TaxesThe method of identifying cost basis can help you to get the most out of reduced tax rates.
Mutual Funds & ETFs
How To Apply Technical Indicators To Mutual FundsMutual funds do not readily lend themselves to technical analysis, but investors can use common indicators to evaluate mutual funds as easily as stocks.
What To Do If You Lost Your W-2There's no need to panic if you don't have your Form W-2 to file taxes, there are easy ways to gain access to the missing form or file without it.
Will Itemized Deductions Get You A Bigger Refund?April and taxes are due soon. If you need to file your return, you might have to decide if itemizing your deductions this year will net you a better deal.
Credit & Loans
6 Ways To Build Credit Without A Credit CardIt's definitely possible – if a bit more complicated – to build a credit history without traditional credit cards. Just follow these steps.
The First Thing You Should Do With Your Tax RefundNobody likes to pay taxes, but everyone loves to get a tax refund. When the check arrives in the mail, it's hard to resist spending it on some indulgence.
How Does An IRS Audit Work?It doesn't automatically mean an IRS agent will be ringing your doorbell. Here are the different types of IRS audits and how to handle them.
What is the Effective Tax Rate?The effective tax rate is the average rate at which an individual or corporation is taxed per year.
Should Investors Nix Actively Managed Funds?Index fund returns are on a tear but does this mean investors should nix actively managed funds?


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The Courage to Make Our Move
Video #2 in our new video series is here for you.
I was asked the question "How did you find the courage to move your life from the city to the country? How did you deal with the difficulties that came with this move?"
So I've shared some of my story with you and then I've created an exercise to help you explore, understand and strengthen your own courage.
It's a 10 page interactive eBook that invites you to map your own courage process and answer questions that will uncover how you go about employing courage in your life and ways to make it easier to live more courageously.
You can download the free exercise experience by clicking on the image below:
I'm still warming up to the camera. I think I'm a little uptight and slow in this video but I've already recorded 2 more ready for the coming weeks and rest assured I'm getting much better with each one. I'm finding more confidence and engagement and over time I'll get snappier in my delivery. Thanks for coming on this journey with me as I evolve within the medium of video.
Please send me an email at email@example.com with your experience of this exercise. Let me know what it opens up for you and what you discover.
Love and courage,


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Champion VisiChalk Single Target Holder Pack of 3
Product #: 814323 Champion #: 40931 UPC #: 076683409317
Product Information
With these fun, reactive targets from Champion, you'll know instantly when you hit your mark. Set these targets up on one of two holder systems for increased shooting excitement. The bright chalk discs provide shooters high visibility targets at various distances. The Single Holder Systems are bendable to accommodate hanging from nails or fence lines. They also feature push pins in the back, allowing shooters to attach them to cardboard and other similar materials. Utilize the Multi Holder system to take on your buddy in a shooting challenge.
Technical Information: Champion Visichalk Target Holder
Width: N/A
Height: 8"
Depth: N/A
Weight: N/A
Target Dimensions: 2-1/2"
Approved Calibers: 22LR, 22 WMR and 17 HMR
Minimum Shooting Distance:
25 Yards for 22LR
100 Yards for 22 WMR and 17 HMR
Technical Information: Champion Visichalk Target Holder
Width: N/A
Height: 8"
Depth: N/A
Weight: N/A
Target Dimensions: 2-1/2"
Approved Calibers: 22LR, 22 WMR and 17 HMR
Minimum Shooting Distance:
Delivery Information
The total weight of the product, including the product's packaging as it sits on our shelf. Since some products ship directly from the Manufacturer, their weight may be unavailable. Because of variations in the manufacturing process, similar products may have differing weights. Unless the product is designated as "Ships Alone", Shipping Weight does not include the shipping box or packing materials associated with your order.
Product ships from MidwayUSA, separate from any other products on your order due to its size. Products that are Shipped Alone incur separate "Per Order" and "Per Pound" shipping charges.
Product is regulated by the US Department of Transportation (DOT) and cannot be shipped via USPS or air shipping methods. DOT-Regulated products must ship UPS Ground.
Product is restricted by shipping carriers and cannot be shipped to certain locations or via certain shipping methods.
Additional shipping charge for HazMat products. Carriers charge extra to ship packages with products they consider hazardous, such as reloading powder and primers.
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The statements and opinions expressed within Customer Reviews reflect each author's personal perspective and do not imply endorsement by MidwayUSA, its Employees or any other organization. Customers should in no way infer that MidwayUSA has validated review information as safe, accurate or appropriate.
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We reserve the right to correct typographic, photographic and/or descriptive errors.
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text:
Be seduced by the French capital
Print your iDBUS tickets wherever and whenever you want. Easy right?
Explore Europe on SNCF's iDBUS! Book your tickets at very low prices and get ready for a fun journey through France, Italy, the Netherlands and many other top destinations. Don't forget to enjoy the many extra services!
Arrival in the city centre
Free wifi
Reclinable seats
At-seat power sockets
Enthusiastic drivers
(1) Price is based on lowest available one way journey per person travelling on iDBUS. Tickets must be booked by 18 February 2015 for travel between 06 January and 01 March 2015. Tickets are exchangeable up to 12 hours before departure, under certain conditions: for changes of name and date of birth, free exchange up to 12 hours after purchase, after this time charges will apply: € 10 via phone and € 5 via the Internet, per passenger per journey. Tickets are non-refundable. Online payment and ticket printing. Offer cannot be used in conjunction with any other promotion.


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I really love this vanity. We have a small bathroom that was remodeled and this vanity is perfect for the space and looks great. It has good storage and makes the bathroom look more spacious with being off the floor. The only thing that I can say as a negative is the drawers are a little thin and when you close them you have to line them up evenly. The faucet is not high quality. It makes a lot of noise when you run the water. The plumber said it was because of plastic parts and cheap quality faucet. But it looks great though. Also, I did not use the mirror that came with the vanity because in my case it seemed to overwhelm the space. I used a smaller mirror. overall, I highly recommend this vanity.
- How did the color on site compare with the actual product? very accurate
- Please tell us about the quality of the product. very good quality
- How accurate was the on site description of the product? very accurate
The unit is as it appears. I was remodeling 2 baths so bought 2, but both had problems. First, the hinges to the medicine cabinet were faulty and the mirrored door would not close. On both vanity cabinets, the drawers were difficult to install and one of the drawer's sliding mechanism broke so the drawer does not operate properly. Finally, although the faucet and sink have a great appearance, the faucet design is such that unless you turn down the water pressure,every time you use the faucet, water sprays all over and out of the sink! Truly disappointed with this and would NOT recommend
- How did the color on site compare with the actual product? Good Match
- Please tell us about the quality of the product. The quality was not what I thought...
- How accurate was the on site description of the product? OK


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The topic you requested is included in another documentation set. For convenience, it's displayed below. Choose Switch to see the topic in its original location.
ForestTrustDomainStatus Enumeration
.NET Framework 2.0
Indicates the status of a forest trust relationship. Namespace: System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory
Assembly: System.DirectoryServices (in system.directoryservices.dll)
Assembly: System.DirectoryServices (in system.directoryservices.dll)
|Member name
|The forest trust relationship is enabled.
|The forest trust NetBIOS record is disabled by administrative action.
|The forest trust NetBIOS record is disabled due to a conflict with an existing NetBIOS record.
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Windows 98, Windows Server 2000 SP4, Windows Millennium Edition, Windows Server 2003, Windows XP Media Center Edition, Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, Windows XP SP2, Windows XP Starter EditionThe Microsoft .NET Framework 3.0 is supported on Windows Vista, Microsoft Windows XP SP2, and Windows Server 2003 SP1.
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text:
George Will Dismisses Newt Gingrich, Scoffs At Idea That He Is A 'Historian'
George Will really doesn't like Newt Gingrich. On the This Week round table this morning, Will began his comments on Gingrich, now a frontrunner, by stating that his candidate "embodies everything disagreeable about modern Washington," going on to laugh at the idea that Gingrich was hired by Freddie Mac as a "historian," and, as a final blow, speaking more glowingly of even Rep. Ron Paul than of Gingrich.
Gingrich took a lot of bashing this morning, but mostly from familiar sources (Paul Krugman later on in the program commented that Gingrich was merely "a stupid person's idea of what a smart person sounds like," which is accurate if not somewhat projecting on Krugman's part). But from Will, the barbs seemed even sharper. "It is an amazingly efficient candidacy in that in embodies everything disagreeable about modern Washington," he began, arguing that his "colorful personal life" was actually the better part of his record, since he still supported ethanol subsidies, the types of programs from which the Solyndra scandals blossomed, and shrugged away the Freddie Mac scandal with a claim that he was a "historian." "He's not a historian!" Will noted derisively.
Turning to Gingrich's comments that he was not a lobbyist for Freddie Mac, host Christiane Amanpour asked whether such damage control had a chance of working. The rest of the panel– Peggy Noonan and Matthew Dowd– seemed skeptical at best, though Noonan felt compelled to defend Gingrich after, in another attack, Will held Gingrich's "absurd rhetorical grandiosity" against him." "The base of the Republican Party doesn't like Newt," was the best she could muster as a defense, "and that's a big plus."...
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Wordpress Woocommerce & Dynamic Pricing Modification
Closed - This job posting has been filled and work has been completed.
Job Description
Original Dynamic Pricing plugin for woocomerce unable function when Admin Add the order manually at Wordpress Woocommerce Back End.
Job Task :
1) Modify / Improve the Woocommerce Plugin (Dynamic Pricing) able to function when Admin add order manually at Backend


text:
The University of Kentucky College of Arts and Science's Committee on Social Theory will host its 2015 lecture series, "Transnational Lives," throughout the spring semester.
- more...
Every spring the Committee on Social Theory offers the team-taught seminar—always with four professors. Previous course themes/names for the seminar have included "Law, Sex, and Family" "Autobiography," and "Security." But previous seminars may not have spoken so directly to the professors' personal backgrounds as "Transnational Lives" does with this team of four.
- more...
Professor Margaret Archer will give a free lecture Friday, Dec. 12, at 4 p.m.
- more...
More than an "s" has been added since the University of Kentucky College of Arts and Science was created in 1908 with only seven faculty members.
- more...
"disClosure," the annual thematic publication on contemporary social theory, has gone digital thanks to UK Libraries' UKnowledge website.
- more...
, Dr. Floya Anthias @
in 18th Floor of Patterson Office Tower
, Dr. Jennie Burnet @
in Rm 213 Lafferty Hall
, Dr. Keith Walters (Portland State University) @
in TBD
, Dr. William Nericcio @
in President's Room, Singletary Center for the Arts.


text:
The Sneaky Student Loan Loophole
Make the Most of Your Yard Sale With These Tips
10 Things to Never Buy at Target
6 Things You Should Know About Your Bra
Bloated? 6 Foods to Shrink Your Belly
This faucet that makes water look like latticework has ruined us for other sinks
Why You Should Never Wash Your Jeans
THe Non-Diet Secret to Losing Weight for Good
Don't Fall for Outlet Store Tricks
Your Guide to Deciphering Your Body Type
6 Coats That Will Make You Stylish and Cozy
Arc'teryx Footwear Collection
A Baby Costs How Much in Those First Few Years?
8 Exercises to Get Rid of Back Fat
Think Your Girl Is Cheating? 3 Signs You Need To Look Out For
Use This Secret Ingredient to Plump Your Lips
28 Amazingly Gorgeous Wedding Hairstyles To Pin ASAP
Controversy Over New Safe "Steroid Alternative"
Money-Saving Travel Hacks
9 Strategies to Lose Weight and Stop Dieting...Once and For All
30 Clever Hacks to Make Your Stuff Last Longer
5 Products Where Buying in Bulk Can Wind Up a Bad Deal
How to Use Coconut Oil Outside of The Kitchen
Frugal Mom: Saving for the Future
The DASH Diet: The Best Diet You've Never Heard of
15 Updos That WOW
10 Incredible Ways to Relieve Stress
This Weekend Experiment Can Save Your Budget
Use This Clever Mental Trick to Lose Weight
18 of the Ugliest Leggings We Can't Believe People Actually Buy


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Bear Creek Provincial Park
Kelowna, British Columbia
Phone: 250-548-0076
Visit Campground Website
Sites: 122
Recent Rate: $30 8/2014
Latitude: 49.9285412910874
Longitude: -119.511972259277
These reviews are the opinion of an RVParkReviews' member and not the views of RVParkReviews.com
Date of Stay: August, 2014 - $30.00
Enjoyed our quick stay here. Large campground. Sites are spacious. A fair drive from most places which made it difficult to pack up the motor home every time we needed something from town. Will look for a place next time a little closer to amenities. We camped at Bear Creek Provincial Park in a Motorhome.Undo
Date of Stay: July, 2009 - $54.00
Beautiful lake and grounds and great ATV day trips way above the mountain hill side. An extremely clean campground and crystal clear water. Gravel sites. Staff is very accommodating and friendly here at Bear Creek: No Bears though! Great place for even the fussiest campers. Restaurants and shopping in Westbank are 10 minutes away by car. You will like it alot. We camped at Bear Creek Provincial Park in a Travel Trailer.Undo
Date of Stay: September, 2007 - $22.00
Park is located 9km west of Kelowna via highway 97 and north on Westside Road. Sani-station and drinking water available across the road from the campground. Sites along the creek in the old section very private and nicely landscaped. Steep trail leads to falls on the creek and spectacular views of Okanagan Lake to the east. We camped at Bear Creek Provincial Park in a Motorhome.Undo
22 Ratings
Osoyoos, British Columbia
15 Ratings
Kelowna, British Columbia
6 Ratings
Kelowna, British Columbia
1 Ratings
Kelowna, British Columbia
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The nomination of former Department of Defense General Counsel Jeh Johnson to head the Department of Homeland Security brought mixed reactions from Congress that broke down along party lines, perhaps presaging a difficult confirmation battle.
Do the shutdown politics and Healthcare.gov coverage make your head spin? Alan Balutis offers a reality check.
The shutdown and its furloughs might be the final straw for some federal employees, giving managers a potential morale challenge.
If the government shutdown is not lifted soon, federal employees will begin receiving bills for some insurance premiums.
Google's quantum computer effort housed at NASA's Ames Research Center was another casualty of the government shutdown.
Schmidt: Congress' inability to pass legislation that would better define agencies' cybersecurity roles should not be a serious problem, despite a tug of war over who is in charge.
Following the rocky launch of HealthCare.gov, administration officials and contractors are under fire from Congress.
Proposed restrictions are expressly intended to cramp the NSA's practice of assembling and analyzing metadata on Americans.
White House threatens to veto measure that would pay essential employees during shutdown.
Washington heavyweights warn that the shutdown could be potentially disastrous for national security.
The next step for Beth Cobert is approval by the full Senate, which may not be possible until the shutdown is resolved.
Furloughed feds who want to take a temporary job can do so -- within limits.
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text:
112th Military Intelligence Brigade (Provisional).
Constituted 10 May 1946 in the Army of the United States as the 112th Counter-Intelligence Corps (CIC) Detachment, the unit activated 21 May 1946 at Dallas, Texas. On 26 February 1952, the Army allotted the 112th CIC Detachment to the Regular Army. Redesignated as the 112th CIC Group on 1 August 1957 and again on 15 October 1966 as the 112th Military Intelligence Group, the Army inactivated the 112th on 30 June 1974 at Fort Sam Houston, Texas. The Army redesignated the unit on 1 July 1987 as Headquarters, 112th Military Intelligence Brigade, transferred it to the U.S. Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC), and concurrently activated it at Fort Devens, Massachusetts. Headquarters, 112th MI Brigade, deactivated 30 January 1993 at Fort Devens.
The unit transitionally reactivated 28 July 2000 at Fort Huachuca, Arizona, as the 112th MI Brigade (Prov). On 26 September 2000, it then reactivated as the 112th MI Brigade in a special ceremony in conjunction with the Army Worldwide Intelligence Conference at Fort Huachuca. The activation of the 112th consolidated the 304th MI Battalion, 306th MI Battalion, Noncommissioned Officer Academy, and B Company (MI Officer Basic Course) of the 309th MI Battalion under one command. The Brigade also absorbed the other functions of the U.S. Army Intelligence Center and Fort Huachuca's Directorate of Continuous Learning.
The mission of the 112th MI Brigade is to train and develop MI leaders and units that are warrior-focused and capable of leading and operating in networked, digital system-of-systems architectures throughout the entire operational continuum. The Brigade is home to nearly 1,500 students and permanent party instructors, training developers, and others support personnel.
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grand bonheur d'un petit diable© Eléonore H - See portfolio
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["adorable","amusement","baby girl","beaming","beauty","burst of laughter","carnival","caucasian","cheerful","childhood","creative","cute","devil","diabolical","disguise","eye","face","fiend","game","girl","halloween","happy","imp","inferno","joyful","lass","laugh","laughing","look","luck","make up","make-up","mask","mischievous","party","photo","playful","portrait","pretty","red","religon","smile","smiling","toddler"]adorable amusement baby girl beaming beauty burst of laughter carnival caucasian cheerful childhood creative cute devil diabolical disguise eye face fiend game girl halloween happy imp inferno joyful lass laugh laughing look luck make up make-up mask mischievous party photo playful portrait pretty red religon smile smiling toddler See all keywords
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Enfield hotels
Enfield is a popular getaway vacation in United Kingdom for local and foreign tourists. HotelClub has 709 cheap accommodation options available for booking in Enfield. Recommended hotels in Enfield are highly rated by reviewers for their Location and Room comfort.
- 5 star hotels
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709 hotels in Enfield, GB
1 The Westbury Mayfair
Bond Street,Mayfair Map
The Westbury Hotel Mayfair blends modern luxury and comfort with the timeless traditional quality and is one of the finest accommodations London has to offer. Madame Tussauds, home to an eclectic... More
2 Go Native - Earls Court London
181 Warwick Road Map
Go Native - Earls Court London offers warm welcome and high quality services that create an inviting ambience for an unforgettable stay. This property is just moments from Olympia and Earl's Court... More
3 The Cumberland Hotel
Great Cumberland Place Map
The Cumberland Hotel offers quality accommodation and a fine location close to London's popular attractions including Wallace Collection, Sherlock Holmes Museum, Madame Tussauds and Photographers... More
4 Central Park Hotel
49-67 Queensborough Terrace Map
Central Park Hotel London provides an ideal location and quality accommodation in the residential area of Bayswater for guests visiting Central London. Guests can tour the famous Kensington Palace,... More
5 Strand Palace Hotel London
372, Strand Map
Surrounded by London's well known places such as Courtauld Gallery, Covent Garden and National Portrait Gallery, Strand Palace Hotel London offers modern services and quality accommodation that are... More
6 Hyde Park Suites
55 Inverness Terrace Map
Boasting a fine location near Kensington Palace, Hyde Park Suites London offers quality accommodation and cordial hospitality for visitors on a corporate or a leisurely trip. This hotel has the... More
7 Thistle Holborn, The Kingsley
Bloomsbury Way Map
Kingsley By Thistle offers an ideal blend of luxurious accommodation and contemporary comforts for a relaxed stay. Visitors can enjoy a range of musical and theatre performances at the Royal Opera... More
8 The Cavendish London
81 Jermyn Street Map
The Cavendish London Hotel is set in the midst of London's most popular theatres, shopping centres and landmarks including, Admiralty Arch, National Portrait Gallery and Buckingham Palace. It also... More
9 Tune Hotel - Kings Cross, London
324 Gray's Inn Rd Map
Located conveniently close to transport links and local attractions, Tune Hotel - Kings Cross, London makes for a fitting starting point for travellers in the heritage-rich England capital.... More
10 Crown Moran Hotel
142-152 Cricklewood Broadway Map
The Crown Moran Hotel is located in Cricklewood, and the designer style property is convenient for accessing central London, as well as comprehensive shopping facilities at Brent Cross, and... More
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God + Pool (No Water) @ The Canberra Theatre Centre
by OutInCanberra 18 July 2012
Canberra's award-winning Everyman Theatre is proud to present a double-bill of two very different but very funny comedies.
Woody Allen's God is the very essence of mad-cap, where an ancient Greek playwright and actor to writes a play which rapidly and without warning spills into the crazy modern world, and events and characters move so quickly from the absurd to the upmost ridiculous and even the sublime that will make your head will spin in confusion and laughter!
God will be followed by Mark Ravenhill's black comedy Pool (No Water): an examination of friendship and envy which is sure to wipe the smile off your face, and then just as quickly staple it back on.
Come join Everyman Theatre for a night of comedy and laughter you won't soon forget!
These fantastic comedies will be playing back to back from July 19 until July 28
Tickets start from $25
For more info and to purchase your tickets Click Here
Where? The Courtyard Theatre
When? July 8 - July 28
How? Click Here
Article Search
Power-lunching at AkibaBy OutInCanberra
March 18, 2015
Get in, sit down and feel the energy. That's the simple philosophy of AKIBA, the fast-paced restaurant and bar in ACTEWAGL House that does 'eclectic'...
Read more >>
Meet the Locals Wine Tasting at East Hotel AND Win a double pass!By OutInCanberra, February 18, 2015
Love your wine? Here's your chance to meet Canberra's best wine...
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Jindii EcoSpa
Jindii EcoSpa is nestled in a bushy suburb of Canberra and is a new concept of sustainability in Day Spas.
Jindii Eco Spa recognises the importance of reducing Australia's environmental footprint and they believe in simple ...
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A Little Laser
The boutique A Little Laser Cosmetic Laser Clinic has recently opened up in the Manuka Arcade.
Owner Jennifer Dromgold is extremely experienced and has been in the industry for more than nine years.
She uses a medical grade...
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Hi, I was born and raised, and now live, in Washington, DC. I'm in my mid-30's, enjoy traveling and some mountain climbing.
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James communicated his arrival and departure times very well. Everything was in great shape after his departure. Would welcome his stay again.


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US Air Force
US Air Force News
News on US Air Force continually updated from thousands of sources around the net.
Federal funding in short supply for rural water projects
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Journal of Personality Assessment (J Pers Assess)
Journal description
Recognized as the most important forum for research in the field, the Journal of Personality Assessment provides commentaries, case reports, and research studies dealing with the application of methods of personality assessment. Fully documented articles address theoretical, empirical, pedagogical, and professional aspects of using psychological test or interview data to measure or describe personality processes and their behavior implications--to understand and predict how people think, feel, and act. The journal features discussions on the development and utilization of personality assessment methods in clinical, community, counseling, cross-cultural, forensic, and health psychology settings; with the assessment of people of all ages; and with both normal and abnormal personality functioning.
Current impact factor: 2.01
Impact Factor Rankings
Additional details
|5-year impact
|Cited half-life
|Immediacy index
|Article influence
|Journal of Personality Assessment website
|Other titles
|Journal of personality assessment (Online), Journal of personality assessment
|Material type
|Document, Periodical, Internet resource
|Document type
|Internet Resource, Computer File, Journal / Magazine / Newspaper
Publisher details
- Author can archive a pre-print version
- Author can archive a post-print version
- Some individual journals may have policies prohibiting pre-print archiving
- On author's personal website or departmental website immediately
- On institutional repository or subject-based repository after either 12 months embargo
- Publisher's version/PDF cannot be used
- On a non-profit server
- Published source must be acknowledged
- Must link to publisher version
- Set statements to accompany deposits (see policy)
- The publisher will deposit in on behalf of authors to a designated institutional repository including PubMed Central, where a deposit agreement exists with the repository
- STM: Science, Technology and Medicine
- Publisher last contacted on 25/03/2014
- This policy is an exception to the default policies of 'Taylor & Francis (Routledge)'
Classification green
Publications in this journal
[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Despite its long-standing and widespread use, disagreement remains regarding the structure of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). In particular, concern remains regarding the degree to which the scale assesses self-esteem as a unidimensional or multidimensional (positive and negative self-esteem) construct. Using a sample of 3,862 high school students in the United Kingdom, 4 models were tested: (a) a unidimensional model, (b) a correlated 2-factor model in which the 2 latent variables are represented by positive and negative self-esteem, (c) a hierarchical model, and (d) a bifactor model. The totality of results including item loadings, goodness-of-fit indexes, reliability estimates, and correlations with self-efficacy measures all supported the bifactor model, suggesting that the 2 hypothesized factors are better understood as "grouping" factors rather than as representative of latent constructs. Accordingly, this study supports the unidimensionality of the RSES and the scoring of all 10 items to produce a global self-esteem score.Journal of Personality Assessment 06/2014; 96(6):1-7. DOI:10.1080/00223891.2014.923436
Article: The Spatial Power Motivation Scale: A Semi-Implicit Measure of Situational Power Motivation[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: We introduce a new nonverbal and unobtrusive measure to assess power motive activation, the Spatial Power Motivation Scale (SPMS). The unique features of this instrument are that it is (a) very simple and economical, (b) reliable and valid, and (c) sensitive to situational changes. Study 1 demonstrates the instrument's convergent and discriminant validity with explicit measures. Study 2 demonstrates the instrument's responsiveness to situational power motive salience: anticipating and winning competition versus losing competition and watching television. Studies 3 and 4 demonstrate that thoughts of competition result in higher power motivation specifically for individuals with a high dispositional power motive.Journal of Personality Assessment 05/2014; 97(1):1-15. DOI:10.1080/00223891.2014.914524
Article: Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait (FCQ-T) Discriminates Between Obese and Overweight Patients With and Without Binge Eating Tendencies: The Italian Version of the FCQ-T[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Food craving (FC) might play an important role in the course of eating disorders and obesity. The question of its measurement has particular importance in relation to the dramatic growth in obesity rates and its relevance for public health. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait (FCQ-T) in overweight and obese patients who were attending weight loss programs, and its efficiency in discriminating patients with binge eating. Participants were 497 (411 women, 86 men) overweight and obese patients in treatment with low-energy diet therapy. We used structural equation modeling to compare 3 factor models tested in previous studies (a 6-factor model, an 8-factor model, and a 9-factor model), which indicated that the 9-factor model has a better fit over the competing models. The FCQ-T had good internal consistency (Cronbach's α of .96 for the total score, and between .76 and .92 for subfactors), and was able to discriminate patients with clinical-level binge eating from those with probable and without binge eating with an efficiency of .74 (sensitivity = .64, specificity = .78). FCQ-T scores were sensitive to changes associated with treatment only for patients who started dietary restriction between the baseline and the follow-up assessment, but not for patients who were already observing dietary restrictions at the time of the baseline assessment. These results suggest that the FCQ-T could be a potentially useful measure for the screening of binge eating problems in overweight and obese patients while in treatment.Journal of Personality Assessment 05/2014; 96(6):1-8. DOI:10.1080/00223891.2014.909449
[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In an evaluation of the codetype-based interpretation of the MMPI-2, 48 doctoral student psychotherapists rated their clients' (N = 120) standardized interpretations as more accurate when based on the profile's codetype, in comparison with ratings for interpretations based on alternate codetypes. Effect sizes ranged from nonsignificant to large, depending on the degree of proximity between the profile's codetype and the alternate codetype. There was weak evidence to suggest that well-defined profiles yielded more accurate interpretations than undefined profiles. It appears that codetype-based interpretation of the MMPI-2 is generally valid, but there might be little difference in the accuracy of interpretations based on nearby codetypes.Journal of Personality Assessment 04/2014; DOI:10.1080/00223891.2014.907171
Article: The Changing of the Guard: Past, Present, and Future Directions for the Journal of Personality AssessmentJournal of Personality Assessment 04/2014; 96(4):1-4. DOI:10.1080/00223891.2014.903492
Article: A Review of "Fundamentals of MMPI-2 interpretation: The eight basic clinical scales" Brokaw, D., & Eaton, H. (Producers). (2013). [DVD]. Available from http:/www.caldwellreport.com .Journal of Personality Assessment 03/2014; DOI:10.1080/00223891.2014.896370
Journal of Personality Assessment 03/2014; DOI:10.1080/00223891.2014.893520
Article: The Impact of Exposure to Internet-Based Information About the Rorschach and the MMPI-2 on Psychiatric Outpatients' Ability to Simulate Mentally Healthy Test Performance[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To examine the impact of Internet-based information about how to simulate being mentally healthy on the Rorschach (Exner, 2003) and the MMPI-2 (Butcher, Dahlstrom, Graham, Tellegen, & Kaemmer, 1989), 87 psychiatric outpatients completed the tests under 4 conditions: uncoached and Internet-coached outpatients under faking healthy instructions (faking patients and Internet-faking patients) and patients and nonpatients under standard instructions (standard patients and standard nonpatients). On the Rorschach, faking patients and Internet-faking patients did not manage to portray healthy test performance and, like standard patients, revealed a significantly greater number of perceptual and cognitive disturbances than standard nonpatients. Faking patients scored in the psychopathological direction on most variables. Internet-faking patients produced constricted protocols with significantly higher F% (57%) and lower use of provoking and aggressive contents than the other groups. On the MMPI-2, faking patients and Internet-faking patients were able to conceal symptoms and, like standard nonpatients, scored in the normal range on the clinical scales. The validity scale L successfully detected the faking patients and the Internet-faking patients, whereas the F scale only distinguished the Internet-faking patients and K only the faking patients. We conclude that Internet-based information could threaten test validity.Journal of Personality Assessment 02/2014; 96(4). DOI:10.1080/00223891.2014.882342
Journal of Personality Assessment 02/2014; DOI:10.1080/00223891.2014.880060
Article: The Effect of Color on the Production of Responses to Rorschach Cards VIII, IX, and X in Age Groups of 11-12 and 15-16 Years[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The effect of color on the production of responses to the Rorschach task has been considered by investigators from 2 different positions: (a) that color has little effect on the production of responses, and (b) that color increases the number of responses. Some previous results found by the current investigators have supported the first position for the last 3 fully colored Rorschach cards (VIII, IX, and X), in children from 5 to 12 years old. Other studies of ours, however, have confirmed the second position for these same cards with a group of young adults 17 to 23 years old. As there was no increase of responses up to age 12, for this study we hypothesized a developmental effect in adolescence such that there would be an increase in the production of responses to the colored Rorschach cards at the age of 15 to 16 years, and this is what the results indicate. From a pragmatic standpoint, these results imply a revision of interpretive meaning for the Color and Affective Ratio variables in children's protocols. Our results also indicate that color cannot be regarded as a means of expression of affect at age 11 to 12 like it will be from age 15 to 16 and on.Journal of Personality Assessment 01/2014; 96(4). DOI:10.1080/00223891.2013.876426
Data provided are for informational purposes only. Although carefully collected, accuracy cannot be guaranteed. The impact factor represents a rough estimation of the journal's impact factor and does not reflect the actual current impact factor. Publisher conditions are provided by RoMEO. Differing provisions from the publisher's actual policy or licence agreement may be applicable.


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Multistage Er-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) advantageously use high numerical aperture (NA) fiber in the input stage, and low NA fiber in the output stage. The former typically is greater than 0.25, and the latter is less than 0.20. Such amplifiers can have high gain and low noise figure.
1. An article comprising a multistage optical fiber amplifier having an input port and an output port, with a signal transmission path connecting said input and output ports; said signal transmission path comprises a first length of Er-doped optical fiber in an input amplifier stage, and a second length of Er-doped optical fiber in an output amplifier stage; and the multistage optical fiber amplifier further comprises means for coupling a pump radiation into said signal transmission path;
the first length of Er-doped optical fiber is selected to have a numerical aperture of value NA1, and the second length of Er-doped optical fiber is selected to have a numerical aperture of value NA2, where NA1 is greater than NA2, with (NA1 -NA2)/NA1 >0.1.
2. Article according to claim 1, wherein NA1 >0.25 and NA2 <0.2, and the multistage optical fiber amplifier is a 2-stage optical fiber amplifier.
3. Article according to claim 1, further comprising an optical isolator disposed between said first and second amplifier stages.
4. Article according to claim 3, wherein said means for coupling the pump radiation into the signal transmission path are adapted for pump radiation of approximate wavelength 980 nm, and are adapted for causing the pump radiation to propagate in the signal transmission path in the direction from the output port towards the input port.
5. Article according to claim 4, comprising a multiplicity of said means for coupling pump radiation into the signal transmission path.
6. Article according to claim 4, further comprising optical fiber for enabling pump radiation to by-pass said optical isolator.
7. Article according to claim 1, wherein the article is an optical fiber communication system comprising a transmitter, a receiver spaced apart from the amplifier, and an optical fiber transmission path that signal-transmissively connects said transmitter and said receiver, said optical fiber transmission path comprising said multistage optical fiber amplifier.
This invention pertains to multi-stage Er-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs), and to articles and systems (collectively "articles") that comprise such EDFAs.
EDFAs, including multi-stage EDFAs, are known, and are expected to find wide commercial use in optical fiber communication systems. EDFAs can be used as power amplifiers, as pre-amplifiers, or as in-line amplifiers in long (e.g., >100 km) transmission lines. See, for instance, J. M. Delavaux et al., J. Lightwave Technology, Vol. 13(5), p. 703. Although a variety of pump wavelengths have been used, current interest is almost exclusively in EDFAs pumped at about 980 nm or 1480 nm, for signal wavelengths of about 1.55 μm.
Desirable properties of amplifiers are low noise and/or good power conversion efficiency. With regard to EDFAs, it has been recognized that use of high numerical aperture (NA) Er-doped amplifier fiber can improve noise figure, gain and power conversion efficiency. See, for instance, B. Pedersen et al., IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, Vol. 3(12), p. 1085, and T. Kashiwada et al., IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, Vol. 3(3), p. 721. However, recently it was discovered that low NA amplifier fiber can yield high power conversion efficiency when pumping with high power (>500 mW) 980 nm pump radiation. See, for instance, J. C. Livas et al., Proceedings of CLEO, CPD 27-1, May 21-26, 1995, Baltimore, Md.
"NA" herein has the conventional meaning, namely, NA=√2nΔn, where n is the core refractive index, and Δn=n-nc1, the un-normalized difference between the core refractive index and nc1, the refractive index of the inner cladding.
In view of the anticipated wide use of EDFAs in optical fiber communication systems, it would be highly desirable to have available EDFAs that can provide both high power conversion efficiency and low noise figure. This application discloses a multistage EDFA that can provide these advantageous features.
In a broad aspect the invention is embodied in an article (e.g., an EDFA, or an optical fiber communication system that comprises an EDFA) that comprises an improved multistage EDFA.
More specifically, the multistage EDFA has an input port, an output port, and a transmission path connecting the input and output ports. The transmission path comprises optical fiber, but may also comprise components (e.g., a magneto-optic optical isolator) that involve at least some unguided propagation of signal radiation. The signal radiation wavelength will typically be about 1.55 μm. The transmission path comprises a first length of Er-doped optical fiber in an input amplifier stage, and a second length of Er-doped optical fiber in an output amplifier stage. As is conventional, the "input amplifier stage" is the first amplifier stage after the input port, and the "output amplifier stage" is the last amplifier stage before the output port. The multistage fiber amplifier typically also comprises means (exemplarily comprising a wavelength-selective optical fiber coupler or "WDM") for coupling pump radiation (exemplarily but not necessarily of wavelength at or near 980 nm) into the amplifier fibers.
Significantly, the first length of Er-doped optical fiber is selected to have numerical aperture of value NA1, and the second length of Er-doped optical fiber is selected to have numerical aperture of value NA2, with NA1 >NA2, and (NA1 -NA2)/NA1 >0.1. For smaller differences between NA1 and NA2 the technical advantage becomes too small to be of significance. Exemplarily, NA1 >0.25, and NA2 <0.2.
As will be discussed in detail below, choice of high NA fiber for the input amplifier stage and low NA fiber for the output stage can result in a low noise multistage EDFA that has high power conversion efficiency, at least for high pump power.
The amplifier according to the invention can be embodied in a variety of designs. For instance, the amplifier can have more than two amplifier stages, and/or can be pumped in any appropriate fashion, including co-propagating, counterpropagating or dual-pumping on each, some or all stages, and at all appropriate pump wavelengths, not necessarily limited to wavelengths at or near 980 nm (e.g., in the range 950-1000 nm). It can also have clearly separated amplifier stages, with one or more passive components (e.g., filter, isolator, WDM) between the stages, or can have amplifier stages that are directly joined together (e.g., by means of a fusion splice between the first and second lengths of amplifier fiber, such that the amplifier fiber is substantially continuous, the two stages identifiable only in terms of NA and, possibly, of one or more other fiber properties such as Δn, core diameter, or Er-doping). Furthermore, the amplifier can be incorporated into a fiber communication system in any known manner, e.g., with or without isolators before and/or after the amplifier, and can be operated at any power level within the design range of the amplifier. Amplifier fibers for use in EDFAs according to the invention can be conventional Er-doped optical fibers.
FIG. 1 schematically shows an exemplary 2-stage EDFA according to the invention;
FIG. 2 shows exemplary computed data on gain and noise figure as a function of fiber length and fiber NA;
FIG. 3 shows exemplary computed data on power conversion efficiency as a function of fiber length and NA;
FIG. 4 schematically shows a further exemplary 2-stage EDFA according to the invention;
FIG. 5 shows exemplary computed data on quantum efficiency vs. pump power; and
FIG. 6 schematically shows an exemplary optical fiber communication system according to the invention.
FIG. 1 schematically depicts an exemplary 2-stage EDFA according to the invention, wherein numerals 11 and 12 refer, respectively, to signal input port and output port, with 12 being "downstream" of 11. Components 131-133 are optical isolators, 141-142 are WDMs, 151-152 are pump lasers, and the "X" designate fiber connections, typically fusion splices. Optical isolators, WDMs and pump lasers suitable for pumping EDFAs are known and are commercially available. Those skilled in the art know that it is conventional but optional to place optical isolators respectively upstream and downstream of an EDFA. Similar, it is conventional but optional to place an optical isolator between the two stages of a 2-stage EDFA. Numerals 201 and 202 designate pump radiation input ports.
Numerals 18 and 19 refer respectively to the first and second amplifier fibers, exemplarily extending between splices 161 and 162, and 171 and 172, respectively. Significantly, the first and second amplifier fibers differ at least with regard to their NA, with 18 having relatively high NA designated NA1, and 19 having relatively low NA designated NA2. Exemplarily, NA1 >0.25, and NA2 <0.2. In any case, (NA1 -NA2)/NA1 >0.1.
We have discovered that choice of amplifier fibers as described can result in multi-stage EDFAs having good power conversion efficiency and low noise. We currently believe that these advantageous characteristics of multi-stage EDFAs according to the invention are related to the occurrence of pump excited-state absorption (ESA) from the pump state, an effect which increases as the square of the pump radiation intensity in the Er-doped amplifier fiber. Since for given pump power, pump radiation intensity is lower in a low NA fiber than in a high NA fiber, a low NA fiber is less subject to ESA from the pump state than a high NA fiber. Consequently, a low NA fiber can exhibit good power conversion efficiency even at high pump power.
In order to attain a low noise figure, high pump radiation intensity is required, to invert as many Er ions as possible. Hence, high NA fiber can produce lower noise figures. In view of the fact that the noise figure of a multi-stage EDFA typically is determined almost totally by the noise figure of the first (input) stage, it is advantageous if the first stage amplifier fiber has relatively high NA, and the last (output) stage amplifier fiber has relatively low NA.
The above remarks are provided for tutorial reasons only, and the validity or scope of the claims in no way depend on the correctness of the above remarks.
R. S. Quimby et at., Technical Abstracts, SPIE's International Symposium OE/Fibers, Boston, September 1992, Paper 1789-06, Session 2, attribute the quadratic increase of green fluorescence from Er-doped fiber with pump power to the existence of pairs or clusters of strongly interacting Er-ions, and state that pump ESA from the pump state is a potential limitation on EDFA efficiency.
J. C. Livas et at., Proceedings of CLEO, Baltimore, May 21-26, 1995, reported a 3-stage high power EDFA, disclosed that the dominant source of non-ideal behavior is pump excited state absorption, and also disclosed that their work demonstrates that several watts of power at 1.5 μm can be efficiently obtained with 80 nm semiconductor pump lasers and conventional single mode, single clad fiber. No fiber details were reported.
FIG. 2 shows exemplary computed data on small signal gain and noise figure for Er-doped fibers of NA=0.17, 0.23, 0.29 and 0.35, respectively, for constant signal power and pump power (The data were obtained by numerical simulation, using commercially available computer model OASIX(�) that is based on the work of C. R. Giles et al., IEEE J. of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 9(2), p. 71. As can be readily seen, NA=0.35 provides highest gain and lowest noise figure.
FIG. 3 shows exemplary computed data of power conversion efficiency for Er-doped fiber of NA=0.17, 0.23, 0.29 and 0.35, respectively, 5 mW signal power (1550 nm) and 500 mW pump power (at 980 nm). NA=0.17 clearly provides the highest power conversion efficiency.
FIG. 4 schematically shows an alternative exemplary embodiment of the invention, wherein WDMs 401 and 402 and fiber 41 are provided to enable radiation from pump laser 42 to by-pass inter-stage isolator 132, such that a single pump source can pump both amplifier stages. As in all embodiments of the invention, the first amplifier fiber (18) has NA larger than that of the second amplifier fiber (19).
FIG. 5 shows computed data on quantum efficiency vs. pump power, for different values of NA, for conventional Er-doped fiber co-pumped at 980 nm, with 1 mW 1550 nm signal.
FIG. 6 schematically shows an exemplary optical fiber communication system 60 according to the invention, wherein numerals 61-64 refer, respectively, to the transmitter, receiver, optical fiber and multistage EDFA according to the invention.
Table 1 shows the characteristics of two Er-doped fibers that were used in numerical simulations (using the above-mentioned OASIX(�) program) that provided the results shown in Table 2. The two fibers were operationally very similar, except for the difference in NA.
TABLE 1______________________________________ Erbium Approx. CutoffFiber Loss Confine- Erbium Conc. Wave-Name NA (1530 nm) ment in Mole % length______________________________________E002 0.29 2.659 dB/m 80% Core 133 850 nmE013-2 0.17 2.653 dB/m 100% Core 150 825 nm______________________________________
The results of Table 2 assume a 2-stage amplifier with isolator between the stages. It was assumed that the first and second stages are counter-pumped with, respectively, 50 mW and 500 mW, at 980 nm, that the signal input is 0.1 mW at 1550 nm, that interstage isolation is 40 dB and interstage loss is 2 dB, and that post-amplifier loss is 0.5 dB.
TABLE 2______________________________________ Stage 1 Stage 2Stage 1 Length Stage 2 Length Noise Figure Power OutputEDF (m) EDF (m) (dB) (dBm)______________________________________E002 24 E013-2 34 4.202 23.31E002 24 E002 34 4.204 22.45E013-2 24 E002 34 4.496 22.42E013-2 24 E013-2 34 4.490 23.27______________________________________
The results of Table 2 show that the combination according to the invention (input stage high NA fiber E002, output stage low NA fiber E013-2) gives the lowest noise figure (4.202 dB) and highest output power (23.31 dBm). The amplifier according to the invention for instance gives 0.86 dB higher output power than the (high NA/high NA) combination of line 2 of Table 2, and 0.29 dB lower noise figure than the (low NA/low NA) combination of line 4 of Table 2.
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My blower fan for the AC/Heater will work, and then it cuts out for a day or two, and then comes back on again. This has happened 3-4 times in the last couple weeks. Any idea's of what may cause this? I just had a new blower put in last March. Thank you!
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Stretching One Great Teacher Across Many Classrooms
A Nashville middle school is test-driving a big idea: To put a great teacher in charge of multiple classrooms.
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Editor, Why are we dumbing down our children? Our high schools send 90 percent of students out the door without the most basic skills high school is supposed to teach. High-tech businesses won't locate to Liberty County because of our inability to provide educated workers.
While most voters are familiar with the candidates on the Nov. 4 general-election ballot, many are unaware of the ballot's three referendum questions.
Editor, Our country is in a precarious position. Our government is intruding in our personal lives, and our religions are under attack. The government is ignoring the invasion from south of the border, as well as the dangers imposed by ISIS and other terrorist groups.
Last week, Democratic gubernatorial candidate Jason Carter shared via this column his vision for public education in Georgia.
Yes, I know that I am, occasionally, prone to embellishment. But trust me when I say this is the law and the gospel: I have a longtime friend who only calls me when someone dies. Most times, I know the person, but sometimes I don't have a clue the person ever existed.
This month, we are making a positive difference for our local waterways by participating in the statewide Rivers Alive waterway cleanups.
Go get a flu shot. Also, make sure you're children get flu shots. It's a plain and simple set of instructions, but following them could save a life. Please, go do it.
The talking heads and politicians love to use the term, "boots on the ground." It sounds macho.
Editor, Perhaps Liberty County Commissioners Lovette, Stevens, Frasier and Gilliard need to pause and reflect some before they cast any future votes. I'm referring, of course, to their recent votes to open the polls on Sunday.
I have asked the two major gubernatorial candidates to talk to Georgia public-school teachers about their respective education platforms. This week, the floor belongs to Jason Carter, the Democratic challenger. Next week, it will be Republican Gov. Nathan Deal's turn.
A friend of mine, long embroiled in upsets, distractions, problems and tribulations, called one day to announce happily that she was learning to let things roll right off her back.
You drink it. You clean with it. You shower in it. You swim in it. You fish in it. You have fun in it.
Letting a child watch too much TV may be as bad for parents as it is for little ones. In fact, depending on which shows a child is allowed to watch, it may be worse for parents.
On Dec. 16, 1773, a group of demonstrators boarded ships in Boston Harbor. They threw chests of tea overboard to protest the British parliament's unfair tax on tea. It's time for the citizens of Midway and Liberty County to borrow a page from Boston's history book.
Last week, the Georgia Ports Authority approved allocating up to $3 million for maintenance of the shipping channel to the Port of Brunswick, marking the second-straight year the GPA has had to supplement federal funds for this project.
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Midway city clerk Lynette Cook-Osborne was quoted as saying, "Transient merchant licenses for this type of business cost $50 per day and that occupational licenses for businesses with one to five employees cost $100 per year," in the July 6, 2011, Coastal Courier.
Sometimes, I look across our yard and sigh, "Too much of that stubborn red Georgia clay shines through." I think, "Oh, one day…."


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Help..Vaulted Ceiling Chandelier Before It Comes Crashing Down!!
If anyone has any experience with hanging a chandelier, I have a problem that I could use some help with. My ceiling is vaulted to about l8 feet and the chandelier is at the 14 foot mark. The chandelier weighs approximately 70lbs and the electrician changed out the box to the proper weighted box. After hanging the chandelier yesterday, last nite I noticed that the top finial loop seemed to have moved away from the ceiling about an 1/8th to a 1/4 inch. The canopy did not move, just this loop...it's actually the part that the chandelier chain hangs from and screws into the crossbar. The electrician came back over today and said that this is not unusual because of the vault...the chandelier moved to find it's center and he reassured me that it "will not come down". He also said that the crossbar is secured soundly and that nothing would have bent up inside the box. It doesn't sound exactly "kosher" to me, but, then again I'm not an electrician.
If anyone can shed any light on this (no pun intended) I would really, really appreciate it.
I'm slightly nervous that this thing is going to come crashing down and kill someone.
I think that you're okay.
If the top finiale is attached to the crossbar with a piece of threaded tube , and they are secure, you can relax.
But , you are right in doubting the electrician's statement that the sloped ceiling has something to do with it.
If the box has been re-enforced to take that weight
,it's not going to come down
Thanks NormClc,
The electrician came back over on Monday and worked on the chandelier. Because of not being able to use a spreader type box, the box that was installed on Friday was replaced with another heavier one and a different bracket to attach it to the joist. This one seems to be fine and the fixture has stayed in place.
Again, thanks.