text:
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API gravity
Science Journals Connector (OSTI)
API gravity [The standard American Petroleum Institute method for specifying the density of crude petroleum. The density in degrees API is 141.5/P – 131.5...] ? (Roh)Öldichte f in API-Graden
API Gravity
n Measure of specific gravity of petroleum and petroleum products, defined by the following equation: $$\\eqalign{{\\rm{API\\,\\,Gravity,\\,\\,degrees }}...
Jan W. Gooch
Glossary API Gravity: An
Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Update (EIA)
5 60 60 131 5 . . The higher the API gravity, the lighter the compound. Light crudes generally exceed 38 degrees API and heavy crudes are commonly labeled as all crudes with an API gravity of 22 degrees or below. Intermediate crudes fall in the range of 22 degrees to 38 degrees API gravity. ASTM: American Society for Testing and Materials. Aviation Gasoline (Finished): A complex mixture of relatively volatile hydrocarbons with or without small quantities of additives, blended to form a fuel suitable for use in aviation reciprocating engines. Fuel specifi- cations are provided in ASTM Specification D 910 and Military Specification MIL-G-5572. Note: Data on blending components are not counted in data on fin- ished aviation gasoline. Barrel: A volumetric unit of measure for crude oil and petroleum products equivalent to 42 U.S. gallons. Bulk Sales: Wholesale sales of gasoline in individual
60 60 1315 . . The higher the API gravity, the lighter the compound. Light crudes generally exceed 38 degrees API and heavy crudes are commonly labeled as all crudes with an API gravity of 22 degrees or below. Intermediate crudes fall in the range of 22 degrees to 38 degrees API gravity. ASTM: American Society for Testing and Materials. Aviation Gasoline (Finished): A complex mixture of relatively volatile hydrocarbons with or without small quantities of additives, blended to form a fuel suitable for use in aviation reciprocating engines. Fuel specifi- cations are provided in ASTM Specification D 910 and Military Specification MIL-G-5572. Note: Data on blending components are not counted in data on fin- ished aviation gasoline. Barrel: A volumetric unit of measure for crude oil and petroleum products equivalent to 42 U.S. gallons. Bulk Sales: Wholesale sales of gasoline in individual
API gravity ranges of EIA-182 crude streams
API Gravity Ranges of Selected Crude Streams, EIA-182 Gravity 20 or less Alabama Heavy Ca - Coalinga Ca - Cymric Ca - Kern River Ca - Lost Hills Ca - Midway-Sunset Ca OCS - Hondo...
Costs of Imported Crude Oil by API Gravity
Annual Energy Outlook 2012 (EIA)
Crude Oil Acquisition Report," July 1984 to present. 26. F.O.B. Costs of Imported Crude Oil by API Gravity 48 Energy Information Administration Petroleum Marketing Annual 1996...
Crude Oil Acquisition Report," July 1984 to present. 26. F.O.B. Costs of Imported Crude Oil by API Gravity 48 Energy Information Administration Petroleum Marketing Annual 1997...
Domestic Crude Oil First Purchase Prices by API Gravity
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) Indexed Site
API Gravity API Gravity (Dollars per Barrel) Period: Monthly Annual Download Series History Download Series History Definitions, Sources & Notes Definitions, Sources & Notes API Gravity Apr-13 May-13 Jun-13 Jul-13 Aug-13 Sep-13 View History 20.0Âş or Less 98.76 98.37 96.70 102.63 102.06 101.99 1993-2013 20.1Âş to 25.0Âş 99.08 99.72 98.54 104.51 105.09 104.96 1993-2013 25.1Âş to 30.0Âş 92.00 92.67 90.95 98.83 98.56 98.41 1993-2013 30.1Âş to 35.0Âş 99.63 98.18 97.56 103.78 106.39 106.16 1993-2013 35.1Âş to 40.0Âş 93.89 94.99 94.59 103.04 104.77 104.20 1993-2013 40.0Âş or Greater 93.16 93.61 92.04 100.24 101.89 100.83 1993-2013 - = No Data Reported; -- = Not Applicable; NA = Not Available; W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.
Table 27. Landed Costs of Imported Crude Oil by API Gravity
Crude Oil Acquisition Report," July 1984 to present. 27. Landed Costs of Imported Crude Oil by API Gravity Energy Information Administration Petroleum Marketing Annual 1997...
Crude Oil Acquisition Report," July 1984 to present. 27. Landed Costs of Imported Crude Oil by API Gravity Energy Information Administration Petroleum Marketing Annual 1996...
Table 28. Percentages of Total Imported Crude Oil by API Gravity
Oil Acquisition Report," July 1984 to present. 28. Percentages of Total Imported Crude Oil by API Gravity 50 Energy Information Administration Petroleum Marketing Annual 1996...
Table 23. Domestic Crude Oil First Purchase Prices by API Gravity
EIA-182, "Domestic Crude Oil First Purchase Report." 23. Domestic Crude Oil First Purchase Prices by API Gravity Energy Information Administration Petroleum Marketing Annual 1996...
"Domestic Crude Oil First Purchase Report." 23. Domestic Crude Oil First Purchase Prices by API Gravity Energy Information Administration Petroleum Marketing Annual 1997...
Oil Acquisition Report," July 1984 to present. 28. Percentages of Total Imported Crude Oil by API Gravity 50 Energy Information Administration Petroleum Marketing Annual 1997...
Percentages of Total Imported Crude Oil by API Gravity
Percentages of Total Imported Crude Oil by API Gravity Percentages of Total Imported Crude Oil by API Gravity (Percent by Interval) Period: Monthly Annual Download Series History Download Series History Definitions, Sources & Notes Definitions, Sources & Notes API Gravity Apr-13 May-13 Jun-13 Jul-13 Aug-13 Sep-13 View History 20.0Âş or Less 16.07 17.25 17.35 14.65 17.17 19.70 1983-2013 20.1Âş to 25.0Âş 34.75 32.07 33.66 33.41 32.73 35.52 1983-2013 25.1Âş to 30.0Âş 9.35 8.59 8.61 11.45 8.98 7.73 1983-2013 30.1Âş to 35.0Âş 25.99 30.03 26.36 28.73 29.89 26.56 1983-2013 35.1Âş to 40.0Âş 11.94 10.60 12.42 9.74 9.89 8.80 1983-2013 40.1Âş to 45.0Âş 1.62 1.23 1.13 1.70 1.14 W 1983-2013 45.1Âş or Greater 0.28 0.23 0.48 0.31 0.20 W 1983-2013 - = No Data Reported; -- = Not Applicable; NA = Not Available; W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.
,"Domestic Crude Oil First Purchase Prices by API Gravity"
API Gravity" API Gravity" ,"Click worksheet name or tab at bottom for data" ,"Worksheet Name","Description","# Of Series","Frequency","Latest Data for" ,"Data 1","Domestic Crude Oil First Purchase Prices by API Gravity",6,"Monthly","9/2013","10/15/1993" ,"Release Date:","12/2/2013" ,"Next Release Date:","1/2/2014" ,"Excel File Name:","pet_pri_dfp3_k_m.xls" ,"Available from Web Page:","http://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_pri_dfp3_k_m.htm" ,"Source:","Energy Information Administration" ,"For Help, Contact:","firstname.lastname@example.com" ,,"(202) 586-8800",,,"12/2/2013 3:15:39 AM"
API, anteceding precipitation index, antecedent precipitation index [The amount of moisture in a drainage basin before a storm] ? Vorniederschlag(s)index m
A correlation of water solubility in jet fuels with API gravity: aniline point percent aromatics, and temperature.
E-Print Network (OSTI)
A CORRELATION OF WATER SOLUBILITY IN JET FUELS WITH API GRAVITY, ANILINE POINT PERCENT AROMATICS, AND TEMPERATURE A Thesis By ALONZO B YINGTON Submitted to the Graduate College of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment... of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE January, 1964 Major Subject: Petroleum Engineering A CORRELATION OF MATER SOLUBILITT IH JET FUELS WITS API GEAVITT, ANILINE POINT, PERCENT ARONATICS, AND TENPERATURE A Thesis By ALOHZO BYIHGTOH Approved...
Byington, Alonzo
Web API
In this chapter, we describe the Web API feature, which is a new addition to ... and easily create Web services that provide an API to HTTP clients, known as Web APIs...
Adam Freeman
API unit
API unit [An arbitrary unit of the American Petroleum Institute for measuring natural radioactivity; used in certain well logging methods] ? API-Einheit f
drip gas, as well as liquid hydrocarbons produced from tar sands, gil- sonite, and oil shale. Excludes topped crude oil, resid- ual oil, other unfinished oils, and liquids...
API Architectures
We first summarize the desirable properties that arise when a Module-IEE API for running custom code in the isolated...is available to application developers. Module-IEE APIs for secure storage enable developers ...
Amit Vasudevan; Jonathan M. McCune…
Study of an API Migration for Two XML APIs
API migration refers to adapting an application such that its dependence on a given API (the source API) is eliminated in favor of depending on an alternative API (the target API) with the source and target APIs ...
Thiago Tonelli Bartolomei; Krzysztof Czarnecki…
Win32API Interceptor Final Report Win32API Interceptor
Win32API Interceptor Final Report Win32API Interceptor A Microsoft Windows API function calls Interception application Final Report 1 #12;Win32API Interceptor Final Report Table of contents Table...................................................................................................... 15 Win32API Interceptor
Segall, Adrian
Method and apparatus for indicating electric charge remaining in batteries based on electrode weight and center of gravity
DOE Patents (OSTI)
In most electrochemical batteries which generate electricity through the reaction of a battery electrode with an electrolyte solution, the chemical composition, and thus the weight and density, of the electrode changes as the battery discharges. The invention measures a parameter of the battery which changes as the weight of the electrode changes as the battery discharges and relates that parameter to the value of the parameter when the battery is fully charged and when the battery is functionally discharged to determine the state-of-charge of the battery at the time the parameter is measured. In one embodiment, the weight of a battery electrode or electrode unit is measured to determine the state-of-charge. In other embodiments, where a battery electrode is located away from the geometrical center of the battery, the position of the center of gravity of the battery or shift in the position of the center of gravity of the battery is measured (the position of the center of gravity changes with the change in weight of the electrode) and indicates the state-of-charge of the battery. 35 figs.
Rouhani, S.Z.
In most electrochemical batteries which generate electricity through the reaction of a battery electrode with an electrolyte solution, the chemical composition, and thus the weight and density, of the electrode changes as the battery discharges. The invention measures a parameter of the battery which changes as the weight of the electrode changes as the battery discharges and relates that parameter to the value of the parameter when the battery is fully charged and when the battery is functionally discharged to determine the state-of-charge of the battery at the time the parameter is measured. In one embodiment, the weight of a battery electrode or electrode unit is measured to determine the state-of-charge. In other embodiments, where a battery electrode is located away from the geometrical center of the battery, the position of the center of gravity of the battery or shift in the position of the center of gravity of the battery is measured (the position of the center of gravity changes with the change in weight of the electrode) and indicates the state-of-charge of the battery.
Rouhani, S. Zia (Idaho Falls, ID)
Win32API InterceptorWin32API Interceptor Monitoring Windows API callsMonitoring Windows API calls
Win32API InterceptorWin32API Interceptor Monitoring Windows API callsMonitoring Windows API calls using the Detours technology, that was developed by Microsoft researchers. #12;Win32API InterceptorWin32API Interceptor ÂÂ ArchitectureArchitecture Win32API Interceptor (MS Access Data Base) Dll
IPSJ SIG Technical Report RP2 OSCAR API API
IPSJ SIG Technical Report OSCAR API 1 1 1 1 1 1 OSCAR SH4A 8 RP2 OSCAR API API RP2 8 SPEC CPU 2000 ART 1.16 1. 64 80 1 [7][8] , [9] 1 1 Waseda Universoty [10] OSCAR [1] [5] RP-2 [6] OSCAR OSCAR API[2] OSCAR API OSCAR API [3] OSCAR API API RP-2 c 1959 Information Processing Society of Japan 1 #12;IPSJ SIG
Kasahara, Hironori
GSS- API versus AU-API
Im folgenden ist zu überlegen, inwieweit sich die anwendungsunabhängige Schnittstelle von Plasma an die GSS-API anlehnt, und worin sie sich von dieser...
Annette Krannig
MediaWiki API
Open Energy Info (EERE)
?xml version="1.0"?> ?xml version="1.0"?> ********************************************************************************************************** ** ** ** This is an auto-generated MediaWiki API documentation page ** ** ** ** Documentation and Examples: ** ** https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/API **
NLE Websites -- All DOE Office Websites (Extended Search)
?xml version="1.0"?> ?xml version="1.0"?> ****************************************************************************************** ** ** ** This is an auto-generated MediaWiki API documentation page ** ** ** ** Documentation and Examples: ** ** http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/API ** ** **
Evolving the API Universe
The previous chapter tried to prove that maintaining a library with an API is not more costly than maintaining code without an API. However, that doesn't mean that ... you'll simplify your life by adding an API t...
Google SOAP API Google API Teil II / berblick CVS
Google SOAP API CVS Google API Teil II / Ă?berblick CVS Projektgruppe 520 Rafael Koloch 12. Oktober 2007 Rafael Koloch Google API Teil II / Ă?berblick CVS #12;Google SOAP API CVS Webservice Denition Webservice Aufruf Webservice Ergebnis auswerten Demonstration Ă?berblick Google API: Denition des Web
Morik, Katharina
Biogeography of the dwarf honeybees, Apis andreniformis and Apis florea
Biogeography of the dwarf honeybees, Apis andreniformis and Apis florea H. Randall HEPBURN 1 of the dwarf honeybees, Apis andreniformis and Apis florea, are defined and mapped. The analysis is based barrier to gene flow for the then evolving proto-populations of A. andreniformis and A. florea. Apis
Web Service Interface (API)
OSCARS and Future Tech OSCARS Standard and Open Grid Forum OSCARS Developers Community Web Browser Interface (WBUI) Web Service Interface (API) Read More... Fasterdata IPv6...
The Rise of the API's The Rise of the API's
APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) have been as old as structural programming languages and anyone who is a programmer has used them. According to Wikipedia, APIs are a specification to be used as interfaces by software components to communicate with each other. APIs have served to communicate and integrate components and applications locally and remotely. SOAP Web Services vs. REST APIs Web services are currently the primary means of exposing APIs over the web. SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) and REST (Representational State Transfer) are the technologies used to do so. While SOAP is more suitable for enterprise-wide business services, REST is being preferred for B2B use and exposing simpler CRUD (Create Retrieve Update Delete) operations. SOAP based web services are more suitable for composing multiple (fine-grained) web services that can perform business operations such as checking availability of products, notifying the manufacturing application, providing status updates etc. Since REST services are meant to be invoked when a particular URI is accessed, they are modeled to be more or less atomic. They perform operations such as search (retrieval), insert, update or deleting records. These are viewed and referred to as APIs. In common parlance, APIs now mean REST based web services while the term "Web Services " by itself denotes SOAP based web services. API Explosion on the web Organizations have been looking to become more transparent and share data and services on the web. By using APIs, they have been able to provide data/services that can be used in other web applications or to build Mashups, which are web applications that are composed of web APIs. Some of the popular use cases for APIs are: Social networking services Product reviews, catalogs and shopping Advertising management Information on specific industries such as construction and real estate Shipment tracking and shipping Credit card validation and payment processing Traffic and weather updates File, video and image sharing
A. Danesh; Hussain Zaki
Abstract. API migration refers to adapting an application such that its dependence on a given API (the source API) is eliminated in favor of depending on an alternative API (the target API) with the source and target APIs serving the same domain. One may attempt to automate API migration by code transformation or wrapping of some sort. API migration is relatively well understood for the special case where source and target APIs are essentially different versions of the same API. API migration is much less understood for the general case where the two APIs have been developed more or less independently of each other. The present paper exercises a simple instance of the general case and develops engineering techniques towards the mastery of API migration. That is, we study wrapper-based migration between two prominent XML APIs for the Java platform. The migration follows an iterative and test-driven approach and allows us to identify, classify, and measure various differences between the studied APIs in a systematic way. 1
Thiago Tonelli Bartolomei; Krzysztof Czarnecki; Ralf Lämmel; Tijs Van Der Storm
The COCONUT API Version 2.32
The COCONUT API Version 2.32 Reference Manual Hermann Schichl University of Vienna, Department Contents 1 COCONUT API Namespace Index 1 2 COCONUT API Hierarchical Index 1 3 COCONUT API Compound Index 8 4 COCONUT API File Index 12 5 COCONUT API Namespace Documentation 15 6 COCONUT API Class
Schichl, Hermann
Effect of Mixtures of Polysorbate 80 and Low Molecular Weight Alcohols on Density and \\(^\\circ \\) API Gravity of Treated Venezuelan Extra Heavy Oil
Formulations of extra heavy oil with biocompatible polyethoxilated compounds have not received much attention. We investigate the behaviour of biocompatible mixtures in the treatment of Venezuelan extra heavy ...
Efrén D. J. Andrades; Ledys Y. Sánchez…
API | OpenEI Community
API API Home Rmckeel's picture Submitted by Rmckeel(297) Contributor 6 September, 2013 - 14:00 The utility rate database version 1 API is now deprecated API Utility Rates There comes a time in every API version's lifecycle when it needs to be deprecated. OpenEI's utility rate database version 1 API has been in use since the inception of the database in 2010. As Illinois State University has taken a commanding lead of the project and its data curation, we have updated the schema and API to version 2 to present a richer spectrum of utility rate data. Sfomail's picture Submitted by Sfomail(48) Member 31 May, 2013 - 12:04 Lighting Electricity Rates on OpenEI API Utility Rates Sfomail's picture Submitted by Sfomail(48) Member 17 May, 2013 - 11:14 Utility Rates API Version 2 is Live!
The WebSocket API
This chapter introduces you to the WebSocket Application Programming Interface (API), which you can use to control ... we examine the building blocks of the WebSocket API, including its events, methods, and attri...
Vanessa Wang; Frank Salim; Peter Moskovits
The PayPal API
In 2004, PayPal opened up a range of functionality to developers with the release of the first version of the PayPal API. For those unfamiliar with the term, "API" stands for application programming interface. Wi...
Study of an API migration for two XML APIs Thiago Tonelli Bartolomei1, Krzysztof Czarnecki1,
Study of an API migration for two XML APIs Thiago Tonelli Bartolomei1, Krzysztof Czarnecki1, Ralf L Abstract. API migration refers to adapting an application such that its depen- dence on a given API (the source API) is eliminated in favor of depending on an alternative API (the target API) with the source
Czarnecki, Krzysztof
Quantitative Spectroscopy of 24 A supergiants in the Sculptor galaxy NGC 300: Flux weighted gravity luminosity relationship, metallicity and metallicity gradient
A quantitative spectral analysis of 24 A supergiants in the Sculptor Group spiral galaxy NGC 300 at a distance of 1.9 Mpc is presented. A new method is introduced to analyze low resolution (~5 AE) spectra, which yields metallicities accurate to 0.2 dex including the uncertainties arising from the errors in Teff (5%) and log g (0.2 dex). For the first time the stellar metallicity gradient based on elements such as titanium and iron in a galaxy beyond the Local Group is investigated. Solar metallicity is measured in the center and 0.3 solar in the outskirts and a logarithmic gradient of -0.08 dex/kpc. An average reddening of E(B-V)~0.12 mag is obtained, however with a large variation from 0.07 to 0.24 mag. We also determine stellar radii, luminosities and masses and discuss the evolutionary status. Finally, the observed relationship between absolute bolometric magnitudes M_{bol} and flux weighted gravities g_{F} = g/Teff^4 is investigated. At high temperatures the strengths of the Balmer lines depends solely on the flux-weighted gravity, which allows a precise direct determination of log g_{F} with an accuracy of 0.05 to 0.1 dex. We find a tight relationship between M_{bol} and log g_{F} in agreement with stellar evolution theory. Combining these new results with previous work on Local Group galaxies we obtain a new flux weighted gravity luminosity relationship (FGLR), which is very well defined and appears to be an excellent alternative tool to determine distances to galaxies.
R. -P. Kudritzki; M. A. Urbaneja; F. Bresolin; N. Przybilla; W. Gieren; G. Pietrzynski
Cooperative wasp-killing by mixed-species colonies of honeybees, Apis cerana and Apis mellifera
Cooperative wasp-killing by mixed-species colonies of honeybees, Apis cerana and Apis mellifera Ken-species colonies of honeybees, Apis cerana and Apis mellifera, were tested against a predatory wasp, Vespa velutina / defensive behaviour / mixed species / Apis cerana / Apis mellifera 1. INTRODUCTION Altruism and cooperation
Future Challenges for Linked APIs
Abstract. A number of approaches combine the principles and technologies of Linked Data and RESTful services. Services and APIs are thus enriched by, and contribute to, the Web of Data. These resource-centric approaches, referred to as Linked APIs, focus on flexibility and the integration capabilities of Linked Data. We use our experience in teaching students on how to use Linked APIs to identify the existing challenges in the area. Additionally we introduce the LAPIS catalogue, a directory for Linked APIs as basis for the research to address the identified challenges. 1
Steffen Stadtmüller; Sebastian Speiser; Andreas Harth
Specifying API Trace Birthmark by Abstract Interpretation
API trace birthmark is a major class of software birthmarks, where API sequences are defined as software birthmarks to ... , an abstract interpretation-based method for specifying API trace birthmark is proposed ...
Ying Zeng; Fenlin Liu; Jian Chen; Bin Yan
Energy API Browser | OpenEI
keyword or API of interest to center. Selected API information will be displayed below. Alternatively, you can download a CSV with this API data. Last reviewed on 08.23.2013...
Api Nova Energia Srl | Open Energy Information
Api Nova Energia Srl Jump to: navigation, search Name: Api Nova Energia Srl Place: Roma, Italy Zip: 198 Sector: Renewable Energy Product: Develops, builds, finances, acquires, owns...
Accelerating Innovation through Modular Design (API)
API scope is not limited to external exposure: ... . Reuse capability is the killer app of API, as demonstrated in Orange and Société Générale...
Nicolas Bry; Richard Hababou
APIs | OpenEI Community
01 01 Varnish cache server Home Groups Community Central Green Button Applications Developer Utility Rate FRED: FRee Energy Database More Public Groups Private Groups Features Groups Blog posts Content Stream Documents Discussions Polls Q & A Events Notices My stuff Energy blogs 429 Throttled (bot load) Error 429 Throttled (bot load) Throttled (bot load) Guru Meditation: XID: 2142234301 Varnish cache server APIs Home Ianjkalin's picture Submitted by Ianjkalin(84) Contributor 23 September, 2012 - 15:52 Datapalooza Announcements APIs Big Data Datapalooza EDI EERE Open Data OpenEI New data has been liberated! Rmckeel's picture Submitted by Rmckeel(297) Contributor 31 August, 2012 - 12:54 Visualize energy APIs with a new OpenEI browser APIs Big Data cleanweb data OpenEI OpenEI has created a simple way to see energy APIs available to developers.
OpenEI Community - API
The utility rate The utility rate database version 1 API is now deprecated http://en.openei.org/community/blog/utility-rate-database-version-1-api-now-deprecated There comes a time in every API version's lifecycle when it needs to be deprecated.OpenEI's utility rate database version 1 API has been in use since the inception of the database in 2010. As Illinois State University has taken a commanding lead of the project and its data curation, we have updated the schema and API to version 2 to present a richer spectrum of utility rate data.
An API for ontology alignment Jrme Euzenat
1 An API for ontology alignment JĂ©rĂ´me Euzenat INRIA RhĂ´ne-Alpes, Montbonnot, France, Jerome an implementation of this format as an Alignment API, which can be seen as an extension of the OWL API and shares some design goals with it. We show how this API can be used for effectively aligning ontologies
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Original article Enzymatic equipment of Ascosphaera apis
Original article Enzymatic equipment of Ascosphaera apis and the development of infection — The process of infection of honey bee brood by the fungus Ascosphaera apis was ini- tiated the fungus pierces the cuticle. Ascosphaera apis / Apis mellifera / larval cuticle / penetration / infection
Exposing Behavioral Differences in Cross-Language API Mapping Relations
Exposing Behavioral Differences in Cross-Language API Mapping Relations Hao Zhong1 , Suresh translation of many call sites of API elements (i.e., classes, methods, and fields of API libraries). API source API elements and their equiv- alent target API elements. However, in an API mapping relation
Xie, Tao
IDL compiler API design, application and validation based on XML API
In order to adapt different languages and platforms, the paper discusses how to process and validate IDL symbol table and intermediate code by XML API. It puts emphasis on IDL API extension towards DOM API based ...
Nan Nie; Yansheng Lu; Suzhi Zhang…
POSIX Socket API: Connectionless Communication
In the previous chapter, you started exploring the POSIX Socket APIs by going through an example of a connection-oriented communication application using the TCP protocol. In this chapter, you will learn how t...
Onur Cinar
Automated analysis of security APIs
Attacks on security systems within the past decade have revealed that security Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) expose a large and real attack surface but remain to be a relatively unexplored problem. In 2000, ...
Lin, Amerson H
Oil gravity segregation in the Monterey formation, California
SciTech Connect
The Monterey Formation is a fractured siliceous shale that is the principal reservoir and source rock for oil fields in the Santa Maria basin and the western Santa Barbara Channel. Monterey crudes in producing offshore fields are high-sulfur oils that range from 10[degrees] to 35[degrees] API. The oils in Monterey fractured reservoirs display a systematic increase in API gravity with increasing height above the oil-water contact. The rate of change in API gravity with depth in Monterey oil fields generally ranges from 0.5[degrees] to 1.2[degrees] API/100 ft. The oil-water contact usually occurs at an oil gravity of 10[degrees] API (the gravity at which the density of the oil and the water is equal). The maximum API gravity in a Monterey oil field is related to the level of thermal exposure experienced by the formation in the adjacent depocenter. Monterey oils are sourced by high-sulfur kerogens that generate heavy oils at low levels of thermal exposure, but generate progressively higher gravity oils at higher levels of thermal maturity. Comparison of the maximum API gravity found in 33 Monterey-sourced oil fields with the maximum temperature experienced by the Monterey Formation within three miles of the field (the most likely migration distance) suggests that a temperature of 260[degrees]F (127[degrees]C) is required to generate 20[degrees] API oil, and a temperature of 330[degrees]F (166[degrees]C) is required to generate 30[degrees] API oil.
Hornafius, J.S. (Mobil Exploration and Producing, Bakersfield, CA (United States))
QMP: LQCD Message Passing API
Recent changes are: (1) There is no longer a logical node number, only a node number which does not change as the logical machine is define. Thus there are two styles of messaging: messages are sent to a node by node number, or messages are sent to a relative (logical) node. (2) Methods related to node numbers have been changed (some dropped, some added). This note presents: (1) the requirements for message passing within Lattice QCD applications; (2) a draft message API for both C and C++; and (3) implementation design ideas. The API is intended to be sufficiently flexible to be used by all Lattice QCD applications, and execute efficiently on all existing and anticipated platforms, so that there is no need to directly call non-portable message passing routines. Because of the highly regular grid communications with LQCD, MPI calls (which are more general) impose some additional overhead that is predicted to be non-negligible for large machines. Depending upon demand, a subset of MPI could be implemented above this new API so that legacy codes which use MPI could function on the new architectures which implement (only) the new API. Further, the new API has been implemented atop MPI so that new applications using this new API can still be run on older machines for which only MPI is available. Interspersed with the API description are some descriptions for how the API could be implemented for myrinet clusters and the QCDOC machine. These are meant to more fully illustrate the functionality, and are not intended as the final design. At the time of writing, the following implementations exist: (1) QMP-GM -- Uses GM; (2) QMP-MPI -- Uses MPI; tested above MPICH-GM, MPICH-SM (shared memory), and MPICH-P4 (sockets).
Jie Chen; Robert Edwards; William Watson
Mapping the Space of API Design Decisions
When creating new application programming interfaces (APIs), designers must make many decisions. These decisions affect the quality of the resulting APIs in terms of performance (such as speed and memory usage), power (expressiveness, extensibility and evolvability) and usability (learnability, productivity and error prevention). Experienced API designers have written recommendations on how to design APIs, offering their opinions on various API design decisions. Additionally, empirical research has begun to measure the usability tradeoffs of specific design decisions. While previous work has offered specific suggestions, there has not been a clear description of the design space of all possible API design decisions, or the quality attributes that these decisions affect. This paper puts existing API design recommendations into context by mapping out the space of API design decisions and API quality attributes. 1.
Jeffrey Stylos; Brad Myers
Multi-dimensional Exploration of API Usage
Abstract—This paper is concerned with understanding API usage in a systematic, explorative manner for the benefit of both API developers and API users. There exist complementary, less explorative methods, e.g., based on code search, code completion, or API documentation. In contrast, our approach is highly interactive and can be seen as an extension of what IDEs readily provide today. Exploration is based on multiple dimensions: i) the hierarchically organized scopes of projects and APIs; ii) metrics of API usage (e.g., number of project classes extending API classes); iii) metadata for APIs; iv) project- versus API-centric views. We also provide the QUAATLAS corpus of Java projects which enhances the existing QUALITAS corpus to enable APIusage analysis. We implemented the exploration approach in an
Coen De Roover; Ralf Lämmel; Ekaterina Pek
Differential transcriptome profiles of heads from foragers: comparison between Apis mellifera ligustica and Apis
Differential transcriptome profiles of heads from foragers: comparison between Apis mellifera ligustica and Apis cerana cerana Zhiguo LI 1 , Fang LIU 1 , Wenfeng LI 1 , Shaowu ZHANG 1,2 , Dong NIU 1 in ecology and biology between Apis cerana cerana and Apis mellifera ligustica, we first used the Illumina
Improving API Documentation Using API Usage Information Jeffrey Stylos, Andrew Faulring, Zizhuang Yang, Brad A. Myers
Improving API Documentation Using API Usage Information Jeffrey Stylos, Andrew Faulring, Zizhuang://www.cs.cmu.edu/~jadeite Abstract Jadeite is a new Javadoc-like API documentation system that takes advantage of multiple users' aggre- gate experience to reduce difficulties that program- mers have learning new APIs. Previous
Matsuda, Noboru
A Flexible API and Editor for SKOS
We present a programmatic interface (SKOS API) and editor for working with the Simple Knowledge Organisation System SKOS. The SKOS API has been designed to work with SKOS ... Protege 4 framework using the OWL and...
Simon Jupp; Sean Bechhofer; Robert Stevens
API Conformance Verification for Java Programs
Software components, services, or modules are used via their application programming interface (API). For any sufficiently complex component, there ... and context in which particular methods of the API can be in...
Xin Li; H. James Hoover; Piotr Rudnicki
Introduction to ASP.NET Web API
The fact that you are reading this means you are interested in learning something about ASP.NET Web API (application programming interface). Perhaps you are ... to swim a bit deeper into the Web API waters; hence...
Tugberk Ugurlu; Alexander Zeitler; Ali Kheyrollahi
Transparent Resource Management with Java RM API
The Multitasking Virtual Machine has been provided with many useful features like Isolation API or Resource Consumption Management API. The latter one can be used to ... resources in Java applications. However, u...
Arkadiusz Janik; Krzysztof Zieli?ski
tagging API | OpenEI Community
Super contributor 15 February, 2013 - 15:25 Reegle mentions OpenEI in video on new Content Pool API data energy OpenEI REEEP REEGLE structured tagging API Reegle and OpenEI...
Collaboration Topics - Acceleration Hardware and APIs | National...
National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
repository. Early work will focus on low-level application programming interfaces (APIs), micro-benchmarks, and mini-applications. Work in the out-years will include APIs and...
Towards a Modern Communications API Michael Demmer
Towards a Modern Communications API Michael Demmer Kevin Fall Teemu Koponen§ Scott Shenker Abstract We contend that a new networking API could better serve the needs of data- and service-oriented applications, and could more easily map to heterogeneous environments, than the pervasive Sockets API does
Validation and Interactivity of Web API Documentation
Validation and Interactivity of Web API Documentation Peter J. Danielsen and Alan Jeffrey Bell Labs Alcatel-Lucent Naperville, IL, USA Abstract--Many Web APIs (by which we mean ones using HTTP as the application protocol) do not publish a machine- readable API description (in a language such as WADL or WSDL
Jeffrey, Alan
Jadeite: Improving API Documentation Using Usage Information
Jadeite: Improving API Documentation Using Usage Information Abstract Jadeite is a new Javadoc-like API documentation sys- tem that takes advantage of multiple users' aggregate experience to reduce difficulties that programmers have learning new APIs. Previous studies have shown that programmers often
Myers, Brad A.
phcpy: an API for PHCpack Jan Verschelde
phcpy: an API for PHCpack Jan Verschelde University of Illinois at Chicago Department Computational Algebraic Geometry Seminar Jan Verschelde (UIC) phcpy: an API for PHCpack 24 January 2013 1 / 27 building on the API for the C programmer code for the Python extension module documentation generated
Verschelde, Jan
The Web as an API.
As programmers we have worked with many Application Development Interface API development kits. They are well suited for interaction with a particular system. A vast source of information can be made accessible by using the http protocol through the web as an API. This setup has many advantages including the vast knowledge available on setting web servers and services. Also, these tools are available on most hardware and operating system combinations. In this paper I will cover the various types of systems that can be developed this way, their advantages and some drawbacks of this approach. Index Terms--Application Programmer Interface, Distributed applications, Hyper Text Transfer Protocol, Web.
Roman, J. H. (Jorge H.)
OSCAR API for Low-Power Multicores and Manycores,
OSCAR API for Low-Power Multicores and Manycores, and API Standard Translator Keiji Kimura;Current Application Development Environment for Multicores 3 } Parallel API } pthread (SMP) } Old thread } Message Passing API } NO Good API for Low-Power and Real-time Multicores! } Parallelizing Compilers
Cloud Platform Support for API Governance
more cloud-like model, digital assets (code, data and software environments) increasingly require curation as web-accessible services. "Service-izing " digital assets consists of encapsulating assets in software that exposes them to web and mobile applications via well-defined yet flexible, network accessible, application programming interfaces (APIs). In this paper, we postulate that recent advances in cloud computing make cloud platforms as-aservice (PaaS) ideal for deployment, lifecycle management, and policy-based control – i.e. API governance – for extant and future digital assets. Toward this end, we overview API governance as a PaaS technology and outline some early results generated by our investigation of a prototype we are developing, called EAGER, for implementing API governance at scale. Index Terms—API Governance; PaaS; cloud platforms; API similarity;
Ra Krintz; Hiranya Jayathilaka; Stratos Dimopoulos; Er Pucher; Rich Wolski; Tevfik Bultan
Performance Tools & APIs | Argonne Leadership Computing Facility
Data Storage & File Systems Compiling & Linking Queueing & Running Jobs Data Transfer Debugging & Profiling Performance Tools & APIs Tuning MPI on BGQ Tuning and Analysis...
Mining API Error-Handling Specifications from Source Code
API error-handling specifications are often not documented, ... , we present a novel framework for mining API error-handling specifications automatically from API client code, without any user input. ... to disti...
Mithun Acharya; Tao Xie
Privacy Issues of the W3C Geolocation API
Framework 5 W3C Geolocation API Speci?cation 5.1 User Agentof the W3C Geolocation API Introduction With the advent ofIssues of the W3C Geolocation API What does it do? Google
Doty, Nick; Mulligan, Deirdre K.; Wilde, Erik
API Chaser: Anti-analysis Resistant Malware Analyzer
API (Application Programming Interface) monitoring is an ... malware using several anti-analysis techniques to evade API monitoring. In this paper, we present our design and implementation of an API monitoring sy...
Yuhei Kawakoya; Makoto Iwamura…
Capitalizing the Designers' Experience for Improving Web API Selection
Solutions for supporting Web API selection may depend, behind the compliance of ... request (according to user-specified tags, Web API technical features, such as protocols or data formats, Web API categories), o...
Devis Bianchini; Valeria De Antonellis…
OSCAR APIOSCAR API (C or Fortran) (C or Fortran)
OSCAR APIOSCAR API 10.2.261 #12; 10.2.262 #12; (C or Fortran) (C or Fortran) OSCAR OSCAR API OSCAR API API API OpenMP B A SMP 10.2.263 #12;OSCAROSCAR · · · 1 · 2728 29 3031 32 33Data Localization Group ·CPU 10.2.264 #12;OSCAR API v1.0 200811200811 SMP
Asset Score API Webinar June 14, 2013 | Department of Energy
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)) Indexed Site
Asset Score API Webinar June 14, 2013 Asset Score API Webinar June 14, 2013 assetscoreapiwebinar061413.wmv More Documents & Publications Commercial Building Energy Asset Score...
Report 1: JISC Good APIs Management Report
Report 1: JISC Good APIs Management Report A review of good practice in the provision of machine) Document Name: good_api_JISC_report_v0.8.doc Notes: Acknowledgements UKOLN is funded by the MLA to all those who gave up time to help with the report. Vital to this work were the people who filled
Rzepa, Henry S.
Using the HTML5 Web Storage API
In this chapter, we will explore what you can do with HTML5 Web Storage—sometimes referred to as DOMStorage—an API that makes it easy to persist data across web requests. Before the Web Storage API, remote web se...
Peter Lubbers; Brian Albers; Frank Salim
Towards Automated Invocation of Web APIs
Abstract. This paper, targeting the large variety of Web APIs, presents an approach towards automated invocation of Web APIs. This approach applies a data schema, to the SAWSDL lowering schema mapping, a grounding mechanism that connects the ontological representations of Web APIs with their execution messages. It is intuitive to existing standard efforts and effective in coping with the heterogeneities witnessed by a majority of Web APIs. 1. Invocation of Linked Web APIs In recent years, the world of service on the Web has witnessed an increasing dominance of Web APIs over "classical " Web services characterized by WSDL and SOAP [1]. The Semantic Web Service (SWS) community, aiming to increase the level of automation for tasks like discovery, composition and invocation through semantic descriptions, is challenged by the large variety of Web APIs, particularly when it comes to automated invocation. Not only are Web APIs heterogeneous in the forms of elements essential to their invocation, such as address URI, but they also lack machine processable descriptions to address this heterogeneity [1]. hRESTS, a
Ning Li; Carlos Pedrinaci; Jacek Kopecky; Maria Maleshkova; Dong Liu; John Domingue
API Requirements for Dynamic Graph Prediction
Given a large-scale time-evolving multi-modal and multi-relational complex network (a.k.a., a large-scale dynamic semantic graph), we want to implement algorithms that discover patterns of activities on the graph and learn predictive models of those discovered patterns. This document outlines the application programming interface (API) requirements for fast prototyping of feature extraction, learning, and prediction algorithms on large dynamic semantic graphs. Since our algorithms must operate on large-scale dynamic semantic graphs, we have chosen to use the graph API developed in the CASC Complex Networks Project. This API is supported on the back end by a semantic graph database (developed by Scott Kohn and his team). The advantages of using this API are (i) we have full-control of its development and (ii) the current API meets almost all of the requirements outlined in this document.
Gallagher, B; Eliassi-Rad, T
OpenEI Community - tagging API
Reegle mentions Reegle mentions OpenEI in video on new Content Pool API http://en.openei.org/community/blog/reegle-mentions-openei-video-new-content-pool-api Reegle and OpenEI share the vision that easy access to energy information will help drive future developments in clean energy development.api" target="_blank">read more http://en.openei.org/community/blog/reegle-mentions-openei-video-new-content-pool-api#comments data energy OpenEI REEEP REEGLE structured tagging API OpenEI Community
www.hsnlab.hu Security API analysis with
HSNLab www.hsnlab.hu Security API analysis with the applied pi-calculus Ta Vinh Thong, mérnök BME-HIT, , supervisor: Levente Buttyán Dr. Motivation · In real life, security APIs may contain few hundred calls. · API attacks are very subtle. Most of the com- mercially available APIs had flaws
Bencsáth, Boldizsár
Web API Verification: Results and Challenges Brown University
Web API Verification: Results and Challenges Arjun Guha Brown University Providence, RI arjun Web applications use several APIs to build rich features. For example, the W3C Geolocation API that enables offline access, and the Google Maps API allows applications to embed customized maps. Some
Krishnamurthi, Shriram
Using Structure-Based Recommendations to Facilitate Discoverability in APIs
Using Structure-Based Recommendations to Facilitate Discoverability in APIs Ekwa Duala the API elements necessary to implement a task are not accessible from the types they are working with. We propose an approach that leverages the structural relationships between API elements to make API methods
Robillard, Martin
Towards Automatically Estimating Porting Effort Between Web Service APIs
Towards Automatically Estimating Porting Effort Between Web Service APIs Hiranya Jayathilaka-defined and published interfaces (APIs), as modules in their applications. Public versions of these web APIs emerge to be able to estimate the workload associated with "porting" (or migrating) an application to a new API
California at Santa Barbara, University of
Improving API Usage through Automatic Detection of Redundant Code
Improving API Usage through Automatic Detection of Redundant Code David Kawrykow and Martin P Programming Interfaces (APIs). We have observed many cases where APIs are used in ways that are not the most effective. We developed a technique and tool support to automatically detect such patterns of API usage
Detecting Inefficient API Usage David Kawrykow and Martin P. Robillard
Detecting Inefficient API Usage David Kawrykow and Martin P. Robillard School of Computer Science (APIs). We have observed many cases where APIs are used in ways that are not efficient. We developed a technique to automatically detect inefficient API usage in software projects. The main hypothesis underlying
Mining API Error-Handling Specifications from Source Code Mithun Acharya and Tao Xie firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract. API error-handling specifications are often not documented, necessi- tating automated present a novel framework for mining API error- handling specifications automatically from API client code
Evaluating the Reference and Representation of Domain Concepts in APIs
Evaluating the Reference and Representation of Domain Concepts in APIs Daniel Ratiu, Jan JĂĽrjens ICPC 12 June 2008 #12;Domain specific APIs reflect the domain knowledge Programs World c b d API reflection of domain Developed program a Domain knowledge Real World #12;APIs' Quality through
Jurjens, Jan
Security API analysis with the spi-calculus
Security API analysis with the spi-calculus Ta Vinh Thong #12;Contents · HSM and security API · A simplified API · PIN attacks · Challenges · The Spi calculus · My contribution · Automatic analysis · Electronic commerce IBM 4758 VSM Prism #12;What is a Security API ? · to invoke the functions provided
1994 January ................. 10.54 10.05 12.65 12.19 14.05 14.85 14.24 February ............... 9.32 9.84 12.05 12.95 13.79 14.15 14.30 March .................... 9.60 10.17 12.46 13.55 13.82 14.04 13.70 April ...................... 10.68 11.51 14.36 14.43 15.22 W 15.21 May ....................... 11.45 12.42 14.99 15.80 16.25 15.69 W June ...................... 11.91 13.58 15.99 16.09 17.08 W 17.47 July ....................... 13.01 14.49 16.88 16.64 17.75 16.96 17.61 August .................. 10.66 13.12 14.83 15.57 16.94 W 17.40 September ............ 11.55 12.22 14.73 15.30 15.93 16.09 16.00 October ................. 11.66 13.14 14.93 15.12 16.57 W 16.10 November ............. 11.93 13.08 14.83 15.41 17.02 17.03 16.73 December ............. 12.46 12.67 14.50 14.94 16.03 15.87 16.78 1994 .........................
1996 January ................. 13.37 13.78 16.32 17.32 18.36 18.65 W February ............... 14.23 14.73 17.14 18.38 18.10 19.58 W March .................... 15.41 16.74 19.23 19.51 20.27 W 21.05 April ...................... 15.57 17.62 20.70 19.82 21.59 W W May ....................... 14.81 16.32 19.02 18.88 19.91 20.09 20.04 June ...................... 14.93 15.97 18.12 18.22 19.21 18.91 W July ....................... 15.44 16.41 18.79 18.86 20.09 20.29 W August .................. 16.18 17.08 19.81 20.11 21.08 20.29 20.89 September ............ 17.99 19.26 21.64 21.73 22.94 W 21.56 October ................. 18.18 20.18 22.92 22.52 24.46 W 23.70 November ............. 17.80 18.94 21.76 22.02 23.59 23.07 W December ............. 18.07 19.22 22.19 21.93 24.41 24.38 24.99 1996 .........................
1993 January ................. 11.69 12.53 15.50 16.21 17.71 17.57 W February ............... 12.19 13.21 16.75 16.98 18.68 18.67 18.63 March .................... 12.81 13.71 17.11 17.39 18.77 19.71 20.50 April ...................... 12.60 13.90 16.70 16.93 18.84 18.92 W May ....................... 12.22 13.65 16.60 16.49 18.43 18.95 19.50 June ...................... 11.16 12.43 16.00 16.03 17.57 W W July ....................... 10.58 11.85 14.62 15.31 16.71 18.97 17.50 August .................. 11.48 12.09 14.17 15.03 16.64 W 18.55 September ............ 11.81 12.01 14.23 14.49 16.21 16.48 17.04 October ................. 11.17 11.89 14.13 14.93 16.46 16.71 16.61 November ............. 9.61 10.21 13.27 13.92 15.35 16.21 W December ............. 8.93 9.31 11.02 12.03 13.68 14.54 13.55 1993 .........................
1995 January ................. 12.46 13.20 15.27 15.78 16.81 15.82 17.02 February ............... 12.97 13.69 16.13 16.28 17.21 17.12 W March .................... 13.46 14.38 16.14 16.87 17.32 16.88 17.86 April ...................... 15.01 15.89 17.65 17.87 18.72 17.87 18.00 May ....................... 15.17 15.91 17.62 17.44 18.68 18.51 18.85 June ...................... 13.75 14.53 16.30 16.35 17.48 18.04 17.72 July ....................... 12.98 13.20 15.28 15.46 16.18 W 16.48 August .................. 12.71 13.46 15.83 15.48 16.47 W 16.46 September ............ 12.85 13.27 15.90 15.55 16.87 W 17.04 October ................. 11.69 12.42 15.05 15.31 16.52 W 16.66 November ............. 12.76 12.85 15.29 16.09 16.99 16.76 17.83 December ............. 13.86 14.23 16.63 16.08 18.14 17.79 W 1995 .........................
Landed Costs of Imported Crude by API Gravity
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 View History 20.0 or Less 85.39 56.38 71.54 96.89 97.49 95.87 1978-2013 20.1 to 25.0 84.76 55.68 71.07 93.32 91.32 88.35 1978-2013 25.1 to...
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 View History 20.0 or Less 87.10 54.05 72.40 101.30 102.79 99.40 1993-2013 20.1 to 25.0 91.01 55.66 75.04 103.07 101.56 100.70 1993-2013 25.1...
1993 January ... 11.69 12.53 15.50 16.21 17.71 17.57 W February ... 12.19 13.21 16.75 16.98 18.68 18.67 18.63 March ... 12.81 13.71...
1997 January ... 16.99 18.37 22.62 21.89 24.21 22.07 22.08 February ... 13.75 16.25 20.15 19.27 21.61 21.61 W March ... 13.39 14.96...
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 View History 20.0 or Less 13.22 14.08 15.13 17.20 16.66 16.20 1978-2013 20.1 to 25.0 23.50 26.11 26.01 27.47 29.77 33.87 1978-2013 25.1 to...
1996 January ... 13.37 13.78 16.32 17.32 18.36 18.65 W February ... 14.23 14.73 17.14 18.38 18.10 19.58 W March ... 15.41 16.74 19.23...
Mar-14 Apr-14 May-14 Jun-14 Jul-14 Aug-14 View History 20.0 or Less 93.24 95.96 96.48 98.51 93.70 88.59 1983-2014 20.1 to 25.0 87.49 88.31 91.10 93.45 90.45 86.28 1983-2014...
The JANA Calibrations and Conditions Database API
Calibrations and conditions databases can be accessed from within the JANA Event Processing framework through the API defined in its JCalibration base class. The API is designed to support everything from databases, to web services to flat files for the backend. A Web Service backend using the gSOAP toolkit has been implemented which is particularly interesting since it addresses many modern cybersecurity issues including support for SSL. The API allows constants to be retrieved through a single line of C++ code with most of the context, including the transport mechanism, being implied by the run currently being analyzed and the environment relieving developers from implementing such details.
David Lawrence
This poster presents a programmatic interface (SKOS API) and plugin for Protégé 4 for editing and working with the Simple Knowledge Organisation System (SKOS). The SKOS API has been designed to work with SKOS models at a high level of abstraction to aid developers of applications that use SKOS. We discuss SKOSEd, a tool for authoring and editing SKOS artefacts. A key aspect to the design of the API and editor is how SKOS relates to OWL and what existing OWL infrastructure can be exploited to work with SKOS. 1.
unknown authors
Starting late 1980s specialized 3D graphics hardware had been included in graphics workstations, in late 1990s almost every desktop PC had 3D graphics accelerator. At present time the GPU has become a standard part of any desktop or mobile computer system. Graphics APIs were developed in parallel with 3D hardware and from generation to generation they were absorbing all new features of hardware. Two major APIs ' OpenGL and DirectX have significant influence on GPU architecture development as well as GPU technology achievements introduce new functionality to those APIs. This presentation describes the latest history of API and GPU co-development based on personal experience.
Timour Paltashev
E-Print Network 3.0 - abejas africanizadas apis Sample Search...
1 AspectJ Javadoc Michihiro HORIE Shigeru CHIBA horie,email@example.com API Aspect... J Javadoc API AOP Javadoc API Javadoc 1 API Application Programming Interface...
E-Print Network 3.0 - apie visuotin bibliografij Sample Search...
API Peer Reviews: A Method for Evaluating Usability of Application Programming Interfaces
API usability tests in the lab are time and resource intensive, thus allowing a relatively small percentage of the API namespace to be evaluated. We describe a group-based usability inspection method – API Peer Reviews – to evaluate API usability. Based on an analysis of usability breakdowns from API Peer Reviews and API usability tests, results show that API Peer Reviews identified breakdowns across several cognitive dimensions, some of which were different than what was identified by API usability tests. We reflect on the adoption of API Peer Reviews as a collaborative practice in organizations for evaluating API usability. Author Keywords API usability, cognitive dimensions, usability inspection.
Umer Farooq; Dieter Zirkler
Joint IEEE - SISCI API Meetings 24 November 1998 1
ion Layer. The critical question now is what is the scope of the IEEE and SISCI API ? Both claim to be a distributed shared memory API. Joint IEEE - SISCI API Meetings 24 November 1998 3 2.3.2 SISCI-API highlights and status Hugo Kohmann (Dolphin) reviewed the succssive developments of the SCI test driver, Cluster software, Interconnect Resource Manager (IRM), ,and the layering of the SISCI API software architecture [3]. The SISCI API is a low level API, exports SCI and adapter features (contained in the GENIF layer) to user space without sacrificing bandwidth, hides data structures and is portable (as it is independant of the OS and SCI adapter). Main SISCI features: construction of SCI memory segments, mapping of SCI memory segments, queuing of DMA rtequests, registration of interrupt handlers, triggering of remote interrupt handlers, error checking and barriers, protection and priviledged operations (CSR access). Status: the SISCI API is available on PC/WNT and ported to Linux, ...
Joint Ieee Sisci; Volker Lindenstruth (ieee
OpenMP: An API for Portable Shared
OpenMP: An API for Portable Shared Memory Programming Alfred Park February 26, 2003 OpenMP: What: remote memory access (non- local memory) Â NUMA (clusters, grids) OpenMP: What is it? ! OpenMP API
Sherrill, David
OpenMP: An API for Writing Portable SMP Application
OpenMP: An API for Writing Portable SMP Application Software Tim Mattson Intel Corporation Standards for parallel programming l Thread Libraries  Win32 API - a low level approach.  threads
How Do Developers React to RESTful API Evolution?
With the rapid adoption of REpresentational State Transfer (REST), more software organizations expose their applications as RESTful web APIs and client code developers integrate RESTful APIs into their applicatio...
Shaohua Wang; Iman Keivanloo; Ying Zou
Cloud API Issues: an Empirical Study and Impact
Outages to the cloud infrastructures have been widely publicized and it would be easy to conclude that application developers only need to be concerned with large scale cloud provider infrastructure outages. Unfortunately, this is not the case. In-cloud applications heavily rely on cloud infrastructure APIs (directly or indirectly through scripts and consoles) for many sporadic activities such as deployment change, scaling out/in, backup, recovery and migration. Failures and/or issues around API calls are a large source of faults that could lead to application failures, especially during sporadic activities. Infrastructure outages can also be greatly exacerbated by API-related issues. In this paper we present an empirical study of issues in Amazon EC2 APIs. Some of the major findings around API issues include: 1) A majority (60%) of the cases of API failures are related to "stuck " API calls or unresponsive API calls. 2) A significant portion (12%) of the cases of API failures are about slow responsive API calls. 3) 19 % of the cases of API failures are related to the output issues of API calls, including failed calls with unclear error messages, as well as missing output, wrong output, and unexpected output of API calls. 4) There are 9 % cases of API failures reporting that their calls (performing some actions and expecting a state change) were pending for a certain time and then returned to the original state without informing the caller properly or the calls were reported to be successful first but failed later. We also classify the causes of API issues and discuss the impact of API issues on application architectures.
Qinghua Lu; Liming Zhu; Len Bass; Xiwei Xu; Zhanwen Li; Hiroshi Wada
Implementation of smart antenna API and transceiver API in software communication architecture for a wireless innovation forum standard
This study presents an implementation of the standard smart antenna (SA) application programming interface (API) and Transceiver API developed by the wireless innovation forum's ... smart antenna working group (S...
June Kim; Chiyoung Ahn; Seungwon Choi…
UCSD Global Health Minor Field Experiences Academic Programs International (API)
UCSD Global Health Minor Field Experiences Academic Programs International (API) Academic Programs International (API) is an educational organization dedicated to providing challenging and enriching study abroad with the goal of helping students grow more self- aware and culturally sensitive. API is committed to providing
Tsien, Roger Y.
Cloud Platform Support for API Governance Chandra Krintz
Cloud Platform Support for API Governance Chandra Krintz Hiranya Jayathilaka, Stratos Dimopoulos Interface (API)" o Common entry point for access & control" o By client apps and browsers" o Functional Application Programming Interface (API)" o Common entry point for access & control" o By client apps
Bigelow, Stephen
REVIEW ARTICLE Standard methods for pollination research with Apis
REVIEW ARTICLE Standard methods for pollination research with Apis mellifera Keith S Delaplane1 polinizaciĂłn con Apis mellifera Resumen En este capĂtulo se presenta una sĂntesis de las recomendaciones para methods for pollination research with Apis mellifera. In V Dietemann; J D Ellis; P Neumann (Eds
Delaplane, Keith S.
NEUE ASPEKTE DER PHYLOGENIE INNERHALB DER GATTUNG APIS* Aspects nouveaux de la phylogenèse du genre Apis Nikolaus KOENIGER Institut für Bienenkunde an der Universität FrankfurilMain, OberursellTs., Im Rothkopf 5 SUMMARY NEW PHYLOGENETIC ASPECTS OF THE GENUS APIS Comparing the four rezent species
Apis mellifera semen: bacterial contamination and susceptibility to antibiotics
Apis mellifera semen: bacterial contamination and susceptibility to antibiotics Cecilia Irene  The aims of this study were to identify the bacterial genera and species present in semen of Apis mellifera in sperm samples diluted in buffer with antibiotic was similar to that of pure semen. Apis mellifera
Type-Based Analysis of Generic Key Management APIs
Type-Based Analysis of Generic Key Management APIs Pedro Ad~ao1,2 , Riccardo Focardi3, Universit`a Ca' Foscari, Venezia, Italy Abstract In the past few years, cryptographic key management APIs. In fact, real APIs provide mechanisms to declare the intended use of keys but they are not strong enough
The Implications of Method Placement on API Learnability Jeffrey Stylos
The Implications of Method Placement on API Learnability Jeffrey Stylos Carnegie Mellon email@example.com ABSTRACT To better understand what makes Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) hard to use and how to improve them, recent research has begun studying programmers' strategies and use of APIs. It was found
IPSJ SIG Technical Report Automatic parallelization with OSCAR API Analyzer
IPSJ SIG Technical Report Automatic parallelization with OSCAR API Analyzer: a cross have devel- oped the OSCAR API Analyzer. It allows programs automatically parallelized by the OSCAR compiler with OSCAR API directives to target many different platforms using just sequential compilers. We
Automatic Discovery of API-Level Vulnerabilities Vinod Ganapathy
Automatic Discovery of API-Level Vulnerabilities Vinod Ganapathy , Sanjit A. Seshia , Somesh Jha-MADISON COMPUTER SCIENCES TECHNICAL REPORT: UW-CS-TR-1512, JULY 2004. Abstract A system is vulnerable to an API-level attack if its security can be compromised by invoking an allowed sequence of operations from its API. We
Ganapathy, Vinod
? About Bing API Version 2.0 Getting Started: Using Bing API from a Browser Incorporating Advertisements into Results Using the API from Programmable Environments Appendix: Terms of Use Overview
This whitepaper introduces Bing API Version 2.0 and provides the information you need to begin developing applications with the API. The paper consists of these sections:
About Bing
API Design for C++, 1st edition
The design of application programming interfaces can affect the behavior, capabilities, stability, and ease of use of end-user applications. With this book, you will learn how to design a good API for large-scale long-term projects. With extensive C++ ...
Martin Reddy
Web API growing pains: Loosely coupled yet strongly tied
Abstract Web \\{APIs\\} provide a systematic and extensible approach for application-to-application interaction. Developers using web \\{APIs\\} are forced to accompany the API providers in their software evolution tasks. In order to understand the distress caused by this imposition on web API client developers we perform a semi-structured interview with six such developers. We also investigate how major web API providers organize their API evolution, and we explore how this affects source code changes of their clients. Our exploratory qualitative study of the Twitter, Google Maps, Facebook and Netflix web \\{APIs\\} analyzes the state of web API evolution practices and provides insight into the impact of service evolution on client software. In order to complement the picture and also understand how web API providers deal with evolution, we investigate the server-side and client-side evolution of two open-source web APIs, namely VirtualBox and XBMC. Our study is complemented with a set of observations regarding best practices for web API evolution.
Tiago Espinha; Andy Zaidman; Hans-Gerhard Gross
OpenEI API listing | OpenEI Community
OpenEI API listing OpenEI API listing Home > Groups > Developer Rmckeel's picture Submitted by Rmckeel(297) Contributor 29 June, 2012 - 09:30 developer web services We had an internal OpenEI strategy conversation just this week, and we spoke somewhat indirectly about a list of energy APIs on OpenEI. We have the Energy Hackathon Resource page, but I want to draw energy developers here instead of a plain vanilla page. Wouldn't it be nice to have a list, perhaps a faceted list, of energy APIs, datasets, etc? Well, we might be able to make that happen. I saw http://blog.programmableweb.com/2012/06/24/75-new-apis-adobe-amazon-sendgrid-and-yahoo/, which mentioned the OpenEI listing at http://www.programmableweb.com/api/open-energy-information. Perhaps programmableweb would be a great, updated resource for APIs that we could
OSCAR API 64 Tilera JPEG XR 55 Optical Flow 30 MPEG2 15
OSCAR API TILEPro64 C OSCAR API OSCAR API 64 Tilera TILEPro64 TILEPro64 64 OSCAR TILEPro64 applications on TILEPro64 using OSCAR API for embedded multicore Yohei Kishimoto, Hiroki Mikami, Keiichi Nakano by inserting compiler directives of OSCAR API, which enables parallel processing on the multicore for consumers
Igniting the OWL 1.1 Touch Paper: The OWL API
Igniting the OWL 1.1 Touch Paper: The OWL API Matthew Horridge1 , Sean Bechhofer1 , and Olaf and implementation of an OWL 1.1 API, herein referred to as the OWL API . The API is designed to facilitate. The API is based on the OWL 1.1 specification and influenced by the experience of designing and using
Biundo, Susanne
_How to Design a Good API and Why it Matters1 How to Design a Good
_How to Design a Good API and Why it Matters1 How to Design a Good API and Why it Matters Joshua Bloch Principal Software Engineer #12;_How to Design a Good API and Why it Matters2 Why is API Design Important? · APIs can be among a company's greatest assets _ Customers invest heavily: buying, writing
Tomkins, Andrew
Combining Multiple Dimensions of Knowledge in API Migration Thiago Tonelli Bartolomei1
Combining Multiple Dimensions of Knowledge in API Migration Thiago Tonelli Bartolomei1 , Mahdi dimensions of knowledge about APIs so that we can support API migration by wrapping or transformation in new ways. That is, we assess wrapper-based API re-implementations and provide guidance for migrating API
Report 2: API Good Practice Good Practice for provision of and
Report 2: API Good Practice Good Practice for provision of and consuming APIs Document details Author: Marieke Guy Date: April 2009 Version: 0.2 (draft) Document Name: good_practice_api_ v0.2.doc by JISC. #12;JISC GOOD APIS REPORT 2 GOOD_PRACTICE_API_20090422.DOC APRIL 2009 Table of Contents 1
Aspect-Oriented Generation of the API Documentation for Michihiro Horie
Aspect-Oriented Generation of the API Documentation for AspectJ Michihiro Horie Tokyo Institute on application programming interface (API) is essential. The document on the API, which we call the API or library. In this paper, we present a tool named Com- mentWeaver, which generates the API documentation
Chiba, Shigeru
An Empirical Study of API Usability Marco Piccioni, Carlo A. Furia, and Bertrand Meyer
An Empirical Study of API Usability Marco Piccioni, Carlo A. Furia, and Bertrand Meyer ETH Zurich Interfaces (APIs). Usability is therefore a funda- mental goal of API design, but rigorous empirical studies of API usability are still relatively uncommon. In this paper, we present the design of an API usability
Meyer, Bertrand
(OSCAR API ver. 2.0) http://www.kasahara.cs.waseda.ac.jp/
(OSCAR API ver. 2.0) http://www.kasahara.cs.waseda.ac.jp/ email@example.com Tel. 03 APIOSCAR OSCAR OSCAR OSCAR Many-core Chip , , #12;OSCAR API v2.0 · NEDO20081114OSCAR API ver.1.0 22CFortran2 CFortran DMAC OSCAR API ver.2.0OSCAR APIOSCAR API2012425http
Unified Link Layer API: A generic and open API to manage wireless media access
We present the Unified Link Layer API (ULLA) framework: an open and extensible API framework that incorporates a number of requirements related to a wide range of applications, including multi-mode and cross-layer optimisation scenarios. This work has been mainly motivated by the complexity and interoperability problems related to the large number of wireless \\{APIs\\} available today. ULLA provides database and object oriented service abstractions to applications through a generic query mechanism, a method to setup asynchronous notifications and a command interface. It encapsulates link level heterogeneity by defining a unified model for link technologies. We describe design details, various implementation options and discuss how the proposed ULLA design provides an extensible, scalable and platform independent framework, enabling seamless link access and control in various types of device platforms. Application programming using ULLA is illustrated using code examples. Numerous usage scenarios for ULLA are presented, highlighting unified access to heterogeneous link standards while encouraging application innovation.
Mahesh Sooriyabandara; Tim Farnham; Costas Efthymiou; Matthias Wellens; Janne Riihijärvi; Petri Mähönen; Alain Gefflaut; José Antonio Galache; Diego Melpignano; Arthur van Rooijen
Article original Diffrenciation par le systme API 50 CH
Article original DiffĂ©renciation par le système API 50 CH et Ă©lectrophorèse des mycoplasmes Marcy-l'Ă?toile, France (Reçu le 15 janvier 1991; acceptĂ© le 11 juin 1991) RĂ©sumĂ© ― Le système API'aspect des colonies lors de l'isolement, ainsi que les rĂ©sultats fournis par le système API 50 CH ont permis
3.1 Pseudo-Random Function API Extension
With network security measures becoming more and more complicated, it became essential to provide programmers with the capability to write applications that are generic with respect to security. The Common Authentication Technology (CAT) Working Group of Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) acknowledged this need and developed the Generic Security Service Application Programming Interface (GSS-API). After ten years of experience with GSS-API, the Kitten (GSS-API Next Generation) Working Group was formed to continue this development. This paper looks at the current issues that Kitten faces in improving the GSS-API.
Jp Hong
On The Roles of APIs in the Coordination of Collaborative Software Development
and J. Pei (2006). MAPO: Mining API usages from open sourceAutomatic evaluation of API usability using complexityThe factory pattern in API design: A usability evaluation.
Souza, Cleidson R.; Redmiles, David F.
Paramics API Development Document for Actuated Signal, Signal Coordination and Ramp Control
etc. The current ramp API could be extended by theprovided by this actuated ramp API. Reference: 1. McShane,that the correct way to do the API programming for actuated
Liu, Henry X.; Chu, Lianyu; Recker, Will
COMPARING THE XAM API WITH FILE SYSTEM PROGRAMMING BY STEPHEN J. TODD B.S.C.S. , University of New ................................................................................ 3 2. THE XAM API TO THE FILE SYSTEM API............................................ 37 6. XAM BENEFITS VERSUS THE FILE SYSTEM
New Hampshire, University of
Access to the University of California for Graduates of Low-API High Schools
for Graduates of Low-API High Schools By Lisa Chavez andon the 2004 California Academic Performance Index (API).The API is an accountabil- ity measurement of school
Chavez, Lisa; Arredondo, Gabino
Proposal of MMI-API and Library for JavaScript
This paper proposes a multimodal interaction API (MMI-API) and a library for the development of web-based multimodal applications. The API and library enable us to embed synchronized ... and actions of dialogue a...
Kouichi Katsurada; Taiki Kikuchi…
What Should Developers Be Aware Of? An Empirical Study on the Directives of API Documentation
Application Programming Interfaces (API) are exposed to developers in order to reuse software libraries. API directives are natural-language statements in API documentation that make developers aware of constraints and guidelines related to the usage of an API. This paper presents the design and the results of an empirical study on the directives of API documentation of object-oriented libraries. Its main contribution is to propose and extensively discuss a taxonomy of 23 kinds of API directives.
Monperrus, Martin; Tekes, Elif; Mezini, Mira
Proposed BackBone API Preliminary Draft v1.0
Smart Trek Proposed BackBone API Preliminary Draft v1.0 Table of Contents 1.0) API diagram / Introduction 2.0) Requirements 3.0) Class skeletons 4.0) Isp Examples 4.1) Domain Inbound API example 4.2) SDD Inbound API example 4.3) SDD Outbound API example 4.4) ItsFrame Inbound API example 4.5) ItsFrame Outbound
E-Print Network 3.0 - apis mellifera hymenoptera Sample Search...
Summary: (20) 47. Hymenoptera: Apidae Apis mellifera e Melipona spp., Trigona spp. n Panama 6 - Experimental... Displacement 64 October 11, 2002 48. Hymenoptera: Apidae Apis...
E-Print Network 3.0 - alpha1-proteinase inhibitor api Sample...
api Search Powered by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: alpha1-proteinase inhibitor api Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 Protease Inhibitors -Application...
E-Print Network 3.0 - apis mellifera adansonii Sample Search...
-774. Fletcher, G. J. C. (1978). The African bee, Apis mellifera adansonii, in Africa. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 23... 2448 INTRODUCTION The European honeybee, Apis mellifera,...
An Empirical Study of API Stability and Adoption in the Android Ecosystem
Abstract—When APIs evolve, clients make corresponding changes to their applications to utilize new or updated APIs. Despite the benefits of new or updated APIs, developers are often slow to adopt the new APIs. As a first step toward understanding the impact of API evolution on software ecosystems, we conduct an in-depth case study of the co-evolution behavior of Android API and dependent applications using the version history data found in github. Our study confirms that Android is evolving fast at a rate of 115 API updates per month on average. Client adoption, however, is not catching up with the pace of API evolution. About 28 % of API references in client applications are outdated with a median lagging time of 16 months. 22 % of outdated API usages eventually upgrade to use newer API versions, but the propagation time is about 14 months, much slower than the average API release interval (3 months). Fast evolving APIs are used more by clients than slow evolving APIs but the average time taken to adopt new versions is longer for fast evolving APIs. Further, API usage adaptation code is more defect prone than the one without API usage adaptation. This may indicate that developers avoid API instability. I.
Tyler Mcdonnell; Baishakhi Ray; Miryung Kim
Light weight phosphate cements
A sealant having a specific gravity in the range of from about 0.7 to about 1.6 for heavy oil and/or coal bed methane fields is disclosed. The sealant has a binder including an oxide or hydroxide of Al or of Fe and a phosphoric acid solution. The binder may have MgO or an oxide of Fe and/or an acid phosphate. The binder is present from about 20 to about 50% by weight of the sealant with a lightweight additive present in the range of from about 1 to about 10% by weight of said sealant, a filler, and water sufficient to provide chemically bound water present in the range of from about 9 to about 36% by weight of the sealant when set. A porous ceramic is also disclosed.
Wagh, Arun S. (Naperville, IL); Natarajan, Ramkumar, (Woodridge, IL); Kahn, David (Miami, FL)
Aristotle's Historia Animalium and Apis reproduction
between 1831 and 1870]. It does appear that Aristotle had observed the waggle dance but, as was noted by Whitfield (1958), his interpretation was that of simply relieving the worker of its load and not of a communication system [as first demonstrated... dance and other fascinating aspects of honey bee biology over two thousand years ago. Engel: Aristotle and Apis reproduction2013 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am grateful to C.D. Michener and V.H. Gonzalez for comments on the text. This is a con- tribution...
Engel, Michael S.
SIP APIs for voice and video communications on the web
Existing standard protocols for the web and Internet telephony fail to deliver real-time interactive communication from within a web browser. In particular, the client-server web protocol over reliable TCP is not always suitable for end-to-end low latency ... Keywords: SIP API for web communications, browser API, real-time web communication, voice and video
Carol Davids; Alan Johnston; Kundan Singh; Henry Sinnreich; Wilhelm Wimmreuter
Original article Pollen sources for Apis mellifera L (Hym, Apidae)
Original article Pollen sources for Apis mellifera L (Hym, Apidae) in Surinam, based on pollen samples were taken from Apis mellife- ra hives in Surinam in order to identify pollen sources) identified the sources of pollen col- lected by stingless bees in Surinam, our study is the first to examine
Tool support for crosscutting concerns of API documentation
developers have to write various documents such as the specifications of the software, bug tracking reportsTool support for crosscutting concerns of API documentation Michihiro Horie Tokyo Institute.csg.is.titech.ac.jp/~chiba ABSTRACT Writing detailed API (Application Programming Interface) documentation is a significant task
API usability: Report on Special Interest Group at CHI
Computing (CHI) convened in Boston, MA (USA) from April 4-9, 2009. Included in this year's technical program was a special interest group (SIG) meeting on API usability. This report summarizes the SIG, emphasizing the primary takeaways, which include a greater understanding of the types of APIs, case studies, and a place to share our multi-disciplinary results.
John M. Daughtry; Umer Farooq; Brad A. Myers; Jeffrey Stylos
Why are APIs difficult to learn and use
An Application Programming Interface (API) comprises reusable functionality accessible through parameterized commands or functions. Examples include the Java and.NET class libraries, the C++ standard template library, and the system calls exposed by operating systems. An API serves as a foundation for creating applications by saving programmers the time necessary to code basic functionality from scratch.
Christopher Scaffidi
Original article Effects of Nosema apis Zander on inbred New
Original article Effects of Nosema apis Zander on inbred New Zealand honey bees (Apis mellifera ligustica L) LA Malone HA Giacon Horticulture and Food Research Institute of New Zealand Ltd, Mt Albert Research Centre, Private Bag 92 169, Auckland, New Zealand (Received 31 May 1996; accepted 16 December 1996
Boyer, Edmond
Utility Rate API v2 | OpenEI Community
Rate API v2 Rate API v2 Home > Groups > Utility Rate Rmckeel's picture Submitted by Rmckeel(297) Contributor 11 September, 2012 - 07:35 There are updates coming through the pipe for the utility rate form. When these updates are deployed to production, then will allow ISU and anyone entering utility rates the ability to define and access richer data. This will cause some changes at the API level. Jordan from ISU is currently working on this. In an email, he noted: "I am working on the API and making sure that it will keep version 1 and make a version 2 to represent the new data. I am also working on a way to automatically convert the version 1 data into a format that version 2 can use and a way to make the data entered in the new version available in version 1 of the API. As
Energy Information Administration/Petroleum Marketing Annual
selected States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 - by API gravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 -...
selected States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 - by API gravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 -...
RCUK Gateway to Research GTR-2 API Page 1 of 10
RCUK Gateway to Research GTR-2 API Page 1 of 10 GATEWAY TO RESEARCH API 2 Version: 1.3 draft Published: 19/11/2013 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This document contains a technical summary of the GTR-2 API released to the GTR Beta system in November 2013. Other APIs have been available since March 2013 and are described
Berzins, M.
What Is the Price of Simplicity? A Cross-platform Evaluation of the SAGA API
What Is the Price of Simplicity? A Cross-platform Evaluation of the SAGA API Mathijs den email@example.com Abstract. The abundance of middleware to access grids and clouds and their often complex APIs hinders ease and standardization of SAGA: a Simple API for Grid Applications. SAGA provides a simple yet powerful API with high
Kielmann, Thilo
Mining API Patterns as Partial Orders from Source Code: From Usage Scenarios to Specifications
Mining API Patterns as Partial Orders from Source Code: From Usage Scenarios to Specifications with third-party libraries through var- ious APIs. Using these library APIs often needs to follow certain usage patterns. Furthermore, ordering rules (specifications) exist between APIs, and these rules govern
Pei, Jian
Empirical Evidence of Large-Scale Diversity in API Usage of Object-Oriented Software
Empirical Evidence of Large-Scale Diversity in API Usage of Object-Oriented Software Diego Mendez. This is not an exception, our experiment provides us with empirical evidence that a large scale diversity exists in "API usage"1 . 1We use the term "API usage" to reuse the same term as close work [5]. In this case, "API
OSCAR Parallelizing Compiler and API for Real-time Low Power Heterogeneous Multicores
OSCAR Parallelizing Compiler and API for Real-time Low Power Heterogeneous Multicores Akihiro and OSCAR API. OSCAR com- piler and OSCAR API realize coarse grain task parallel processing, data transfer. The compiler using the OSCAR API gives us speedups up to 32x for an optical flow program with 8 general purpose
Static Detection of API Error-Handling Bugs via Mining Source Code
Static Detection of API Error-Handling Bugs via Mining Source Code Mithun Acharya and Tao email@example.com Abstract Incorrect handling of errors incurred after API invoca- tions (in short, API errors) can lead to security and robust- ness problems, two primary threats to software reliability. Correct handling of API
Young, R. Michael
Web API Growing Pains: Stories from Client Developers and Their Code
Web API Growing Pains: Stories from Client Developers and Their Code Tiago Espinha, Andy email@example.com Abstract--Web APIs provide a systematic and extensible approach for application-to-application interaction. Developers using web APIs are forced to accompany the API providers in their software evolution tasks
Zaidman, Andy
Network Routing Application Programmer's Interface (API) and Walk Through 9.0.1
Network Routing Application Programmer's Interface (API) and Walk Through 9.0.1 Fabio Silva, John be accommodated with the same Network Routing API. An earlier version of this API was used by both network routing of this document describes the current API as used by the SCADDS implemen- tation. In addition to the Publish
Heidemann, John
Swing to SWT and Back: Patterns for API Migration by Wrapping
Swing to SWT and Back: Patterns for API Migration by Wrapping Thiago Tonelli Bartolomei-Landau Koblenz, Germany Abstract--Evolving requirements may necessitate API migra- tion--re-engineering an application to replace its dependence on one API with the dependence on another API for the same domain. One
MAPO: Mining API Usages from Open Source Repositories Department of Computer Science
MAPO: Mining API Usages from Open Source Repositories Tao Xie Department of Computer Science North by invoking their APIs. Those APIs, however, are often com- plex and not well documented, posing barriers for developers to use them in new client code. To get familiar with how those APIs are used, developers may
MAPO: Mining and Recommending API Usage Patterns Hao Zhong1,2
MAPO: Mining and Recommending API Usage Patterns Hao Zhong1,2 , Tao Xie3, , Lu Zhang1,2 , Jian Pei4 by invoking methods provided in their APIs. Those API methods, however, are often complex and not well documented. To get familiar with how those API methods are used, programmers often exploit a source code
What Should Developers Be Aware Of? An Empirical Study on the Directives of API Documentation (API) are exposed to developers in order to reuse soft- ware libraries. API directives are natural-language statements in API documentation that make developers aware of constraints and guidelines related to the usage
DAA-related APIs in TPM2.0 Revisited Trusted Computing and Information Assurance Laboratory
DAA-related APIs in TPM2.0 Revisited Li Xi Trusted Computing and Information Assurance Laboratory is implemented by several APIs which can be utilized as a static Diffie- Hellman oracle. In this paper, we how to utilize these DAA-related APIs to break forward anonymity. Then we propose new APIs which
Using Semantics for Automating the Authentication of Web APIs
Abstract. Recent technology developments in the area of services on the Web are marked by the proliferation of Web applications and APIs. The implementation and evolution of applications based on Web APIs is, however, hampered by the lack of automation that can be achieved with current technologies. Research on semantic Web services is therefore trying to adapt the principles and technologies that were devised for traditional Web services, to deal with this new kind of services. In this paper we show that currently more than 80 % of the Web APIs require some form of authentication. Therefore authentication plays a major role for Web API invocation and should not be neglected in the context of mashups and composite data applications. We present a thorough analysis carried out over a body of publicly available APIs that determines the most commonly used authentication approaches. In the light of these results, we propose an ontology for the semantic annotation of Web API authentication information and demonstrate how it can be used to create semantic Web API descriptions. We evaluate the applicability of our approach by providing a prototypical implementation, which uses authentication annotations as the basis for automated service invocation. 1
Maria Maleshkova; Carlos Pedrinaci; John Domingue; Guillermo Alvaro; Ivan Martinez
The IRMIS object model and services API.
The relational model developed for the Integrated Relational Model of Installed Systems (IRMIS) toolkit has been successfully used to capture the Advanced Photon Source (APS) control system software (EPICS process variables and their definitions). The relational tables are populated by a crawler script that parses each Input/Output Controller (IOC) start-up file when an IOC reboot is detected. User interaction is provided by a Java Swing application that acts as a desktop for viewing the process variable information. Mapping between the display objects and the relational tables was carried out with the Hibernate Object Relational Modeling (ORM) framework. Work is well underway at the APS to extend the relational modeling to include control system hardware. For this work, due in part to the complex user interaction required, the primary application development environment has shifted from the relational database view to the object oriented (Java) perspective. With this approach, the business logic is executed in Java rather than in SQL stored procedures. This paper describes the object model used to represent control system software, hardware, and interconnects in IRMIS. We also describe the services API used to encapsulate the required behaviors for creating and maintaining the complex data. In addition to the core schema and object model, many important concepts in IRMIS are captured by the services API. IRMIS is an ambitious collaborative effort for defining and developing a relational database and associated applications to comprehensively document the large and complex EPICS-based control systems of today's accelerators. The documentation effort includes process variables, control system hardware, and interconnections. The approach could also be used to document all components of the accelerator, including mechanical, vacuum, power supplies, etc. One key aspect of IRMIS is that it is a documentation framework, not a design and development tool. We do not generate EPICS control system configurations from IRMIS, and hence do not impose any additional requirements on EPICS developers.
Saunders, C.; Dohan, D. A.; Arnold, N. D.; Accelerator Systems Division (APS)
Evaluation of the API 50CH and API ZYM systems for rapid characterization of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus, causal agent of potato ring rot
API 50CH and API ZYM systems were used to characterize fifty-...Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus from different geographic locations and several reference strains of the same and different species, in...
José Luis Palomo; María M. López…
What is the Vehicle API? | OpenEI Community
What is the Vehicle API? What is the Vehicle API? Home > Groups > Developer The vehicle API does not seem to contain any end point. Is there some documentation about this service? http://osisoftvcampus.cloudapp.net/vehicledata/cardata.svc Submitted by Pelikhan on 15 January, 2013 - 23:11 1 answer Points: 0 Good evening, There are a few different documentation options for this API. Although this question was asked a long time ago, I'd be happy to find an answer as a member of the DOE's Energy Data Initiative. First, may I ask if this relates to the Apps for Vehicles Challenge? If not, you may find a quicker and more technically informed answer here: https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups#!forum/openxc Ianjkalin on 11 February, 2013 - 20:48 Groups Menu You must login in order to post into this group.
API for browsing available data sources? | Data.gov
API for browsing available data sources? API for browsing available data sources? Safety Data/Tools Apps Challenges Resources Blogs Let's Talk Safety You are here Data.gov » Communities » Safety » Forums API for browsing available data sources? Submitted by G. Hussain Chinoy on Tue, 09/18/2012 - 4:46pm Log in to vote 2 The provided "Data/Tools" tab is a nice human readable view of the data resources on safety.data.gov, but is there an API to view the different data sources by category or any of the other attributes of a data set? Thanks Add new comment Your name Subject Comment * More information about text formats Plain text No HTML tags allowed. Web page addresses and e-mail addresses turn into links automatically. Lines and paragraphs break automatically. CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether you are a human visitor and to prevent
Antragsbeispiele API bzw. RfC (CR/C)/ITU
Nachfolgend findet sich ein Beispiel einer Advance Publication für ein Satellitensystem mit niedrigfliegendem Satelliten ("Rund-um-die-Welt-in-100-min") – sprich eine sogenannte "full" API, die für NGSO-Satellite...
René Wörfel; Hans Dodel†
PyNN: A Python API for Neural Network Modeling
PyNN is an application programming interface (API) for describing and simulating neuronal network models...1997), NEST (Gewaltig and Diesmann 2007), Brian (Goodman and Brette 2008), or PCSIM (Pecevski et al. 2009
Dr. Andrew P. Davison
An Empirical Study of API Stability and Adoption in the Android Ecosystem Tyler McDonnell, Baishakhi Ray, Miryung Kim
An Empirical Study of API Stability and Adoption in the Android Ecosystem Tyler Mc--When APIs evolve, clients make corresponding changes to their applications to utilize new or updated APIs. Despite the benefits of new or updated APIs, developers are often slow to adopt the new APIs. As a first
Kim, Miryung
Abstract. API error-handling specifications are often not documented, necessitating automated specification mining. Automated mining of error-handling specifications is challenging for procedural languages such as C, which lack explicit exception-handling mechanisms. Due to the lack of explicit exception handling, error-handling code is often scattered across different procedures and files making it difficult to mine error-handling specifications through manual inspection of source code. In this paper, we present a novel framework for mining API errorhandling specifications automatically from API client code, without any user input. In our framework, we adapt a trace generation technique to distinguish and generate static traces representing different API run-time behaviors. We apply data mining techniques on the static traces to mine specifications that define correct handling of API errors. We then use the mined specifications to detect API error-handling violations. Our framework mines 62 error-handling specifications and detects 264 real error-handling defects from the analyzed open source packages. 1 1
Developing Systems for API Governance Chandra Krintz, Hiranya Jayathilaka, Stratos Dimopoulos, Alexander Pucher, Rich Wolski, and Tevfik Bultan
Developing Systems for API Governance Chandra Krintz, Hiranya Jayathilaka, Stratos Dimopoulos well- defined, network accessible, application programming interfaces (APIs). The stability, maintenance, and lifecycle of these APIs is critical to the utility of the digital assets they serve. Our work
HDF5-FastQuery: An API for Simplifying Access to Data Storage, Retrieval, Indexing and Querying
Accomplishment HDF5-FastQuery: An API for Simplifying Accessprogramming interface (API) that simplifies data storage andindexing/querying. The API, which we call HDF5-FastQuery,
Bethel, E. Wes; Gosink, Luke; Shalf, John; Stockinger, Kurt; Wu, Kesheng
Green Weight
Green-weight is a novel system designed to supply a high-rise building with all its needs of electricity using wind energy and to supplement its lighting needs with natural sunlight. David Fisher has proposed an ingenious method to harness the wind...
Al-Haji, A.; Al-Omair, A.
Visualize energy APIs with a new OpenEI browser | OpenEI Community
Visualize energy APIs with a new OpenEI browser Visualize energy APIs with a new OpenEI browser Home > Groups > Developer Rmckeel's picture Submitted by Rmckeel(297) Contributor 31 August, 2012 - 12:54 APIs Big Data cleanweb data OpenEI OpenEI has created a simple way to see energy APIs available to developers. See commercial and free energy APIs such as NREL's developer network, Genability, 3TIER, OpenEI APIs and more! Click here to get started. Want to see this energy API data crowd-sourced and updated on OpenEI? Let us know by commenting on this blog entry! Currently, we have a static spreadsheet (available for download at the app) that we are keeping updated manually. Thanks to ProgrammableWeb.com for initial data - as a thanks, we are currently linking to ProgrammableWeb from each API entry so
E-Print Network 3.0 - apis accurate prediction Sample Search...
results for: apis accurate prediction Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 Mapping the Space of API Design Decisions Jeffrey Stylos and Brad Myers Summary: . This raises the problem of...
African Press International (API) This is your "Daily Online News Channel".
African Press International (API) This is your "Daily Online News Channel". Home A:Contact us powerful as before  Is this good for new Kenya? (api) The travelling man: Pope Benedict XVI is due
E-Print Network 3.0 - api 20ne para Sample Search Results
api 20ne para Search Powered by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: api 20ne para Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 Draft of 7282003 IBP Network Function...
V-142: Oracle Java Reflection API Flaw Lets Remote Users Execute...
2: Oracle Java Reflection API Flaw Lets Remote Users Execute Arbitrary Code V-142: Oracle Java Reflection API Flaw Lets Remote Users Execute Arbitrary Code April 25, 2013 - 12:14am...
Topic Assignment as of 1/29/2011 Android hardware API (max # of presenter)
Topic Assignment as of 1/29/2011 Android hardware API (max # of presenter) 1. Taking a picture) Sevada Abraamyan; Other Android API 7. Android search framework (1) Dillon Kearns; 8. Web
E-Print Network 3.0 - api 5l x80 Sample Search Results
x80 Search Powered by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: api 5l x80 Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 A Framework for Diversifying Windows Native APIs to...
Energy API and dataset overview | OpenEI Community
Energy API and dataset overview Energy API and dataset overview Home > Groups > Developer Rmckeel's picture Submitted by Rmckeel(297) Contributor 26 September, 2012 - 14:36 cleanweb hackathon resource webinar Today, Ian Kalin, a presidential innovation fellow, and the OpenEI team recorded an "energy resource" overview for developers of upcoming hackathon events at SXSW Eco and in New York City. You can find this recorded webinar with recent developer resources (APIs, datasets, content) at the links below. Streaming webinar link: https://mmancusa.webex.com/mmancusa/ldr.php?AT=pb&SP=MC&rID=48240102&rKey=40d5d5d42cbfd4e4 Download webinar link: https://mmancusa.webex.com/mmancusa/lsr.php?AT=dw&SP=MC&rID=48240102&rKey=2b23a089b99927fc Time: 13 minutes If you are an application developer in the energy space, or know one,
Google Web APIs - an Instrument for Webometric Analyses?
Introduction The analysis of the Internet and its applications touches upon varied fields of research such as information science, computer science, economics, and psychology. One reason for the growing scientific interest in the Internet is the already high and still growing amount of web users, applications, contents, and web servers worldwide. Despite a variety of different search engines, there is no doubt about the predominance of Google search engine technology today. Among the factors that have added decisively to Google's success are that over a long period of time, Google has offered the largest index, innovative new services and highly optimized performance and usability. This poster introduces Google Web APIs (Google APIs) as an instrument and playground for webometric studies. Several examples of Google APIs implementations are given. Our examples show that this Google Web Service can be used successfully for informetric Internet based studies albeit with some restriction
Philipp Mayr; Fabio Tosques
E-Print Network 3.0 - apis mellifera scutellata Sample Search...
-clone usurpation reproduction Apis mellifera scutellata honeybee reproduction South Africa 1. INTRODUCTION... . capensis) and African ... Source: Ratnieks, Francis -...
Towards Automatically Estimating Porting Effort Between Web Service APIs Hiranya Jayathilaka, Chandra Krintz, Rich Wolski
Towards Automatically Estimating Porting Effort Between Web Service APIs Hiranya Jayathilaka for a programmer to port an application from one web API to another, i.e. "porting effort". Our approach defines approach using both randomly generated and real-world web APIs and show that our metric can correctly
Security API analysis with the spi-calculus and the ProVerif tool
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Detecting API Documentation Errors Hao Zhong1,2 Zhendong Su2
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Using API services to visualise urban activities in Japan
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Quantum Field Theory & Gravity
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Caution: API gaging practices can be hazardous to your leak resistance
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The utility rate database version 1 API is now deprecated The utility rate database version 1 API is now deprecated Home > Groups > Utility Rate Rmckeel's picture Submitted by Rmckeel(297) Contributor 6 September, 2013 - 14:00 API Utility Rates There comes a time in every API version's lifecycle when it needs to be deprecated. OpenEI's utility rate database version 1 API has been in use since the inception of the database in 2010. As Illinois State University has taken a commanding lead of the project and its data curation, we have updated the schema and API to version 2 to present a richer spectrum of utility rate data. A quick history - version 2 data fields came out in early December, 2012. The version 2 API to access this new data was then launched in early May, 2013. Now that it is September, 2013, we are providing a limited,
Weighted Guidelines
───────────────────────────────────Chapter 15.4-2 (July 2010) 1 Weighted Guidelines [References: FAR 15.4, DEAR 915.4] Overview This section provides guidance for applying the Department of Energy's (DOE) structured approach in determining profit/fee. Background The Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) requires consideration of certain factors (described in 15.404-4 as "profit-analysis factors" or "common factors") in developing a structured profit/fee approach. It does not prescribe specific government-wide procedures for profit/fee analysis. Actual profit/fee may vary (FAR 15.404-4(a) (1)) as you perform your profit/fee analysis;
Table 27. Landed Costs of Imported Crude Oil by API Gravity
1993 January ................. 13.07 13.09 16.23 17.15 18.48 18.48 19.00 February ............... 13.25 13.79 17.04 17.94 19.22 19.49 19.64 March .................... 13.94 14.49 17.56 18.17 19.51 20.41 21.29 April ...................... 13.87 14.73 17.49 18.13 19.55 20.22 20.05 May ....................... 13.43 14.53 17.33 17.45 19.31 20.18 20.64 June ...................... 12.37 13.19 16.62 16.81 18.54 18.94 19.43 July ....................... 11.74 12.66 15.48 16.06 17.61 18.77 18.46 August .................. 12.40 12.86 14.97 15.77 17.37 18.78 18.35 September ............ 12.63 12.67 14.82 15.08 16.97 17.41 17.38 October ................. 12.07 12.67 14.82 15.23 17.12 17.64 17.62 November ............. 10.55 10.98 13.73 14.19 16.27 17.09 14.92 December ............. 9.72 9.91 11.60 12.43 14.37 15.33
Table 23. Domestic Crude Oil First Purchase Prices by API Gravity
3 3 January ......................... - - - - - - February ....................... - - - - - - March ............................ - - - - - - April .............................. - - - - - - May ............................... - - - - - - June .............................. - - - - - - July ............................... - - - - - - August .......................... - - - - - - September .................... - - - - - - October ......................... 11.41 13.52 10.08 15.49 15.49 16.27 November ..................... 10.69 11.99 9.09 14.13 14.33 15.21 December ..................... 8.49 9.84 7.03 12.00 12.01 12.95 1993 ................................. - - - - - - 1994 January ......................... 8.51 10.22 6.70 12.25 12.25 13.35 February
1996 January ......................... 13.80 15.60 12.16 17.04 16.97 17.65 February ....................... 14.16 15.49 12.78 16.84 16.94 17.60 March ............................ 16.32 17.85 14.25 19.10 19.24 19.92 April .............................. 17.84 19.70 16.11 20.89 21.23 22.08 May ............................... 15.22 17.88 15.84 18.93 19.47 20.16 June .............................. 14.46 17.22 14.26 18.16 18.72 19.37 July ............................... 14.77 17.92 14.65 18.97 19.54 20.20 August .......................... 14.97 18.54 15.32 19.82 20.12 20.92 September .................... 16.62 20.40 16.34 21.77 22.04 22.81 October ......................... 17.90 21.45 17.50 22.96 23.11 23.96 November ..................... 17.21 20.14 17.29 21.91 21.86 22.64 December .....................
Table 28. Percentages of Total Imported Crude Oil by API Gravity
1994 January ................. 4.11 23.91 21.31 25.95 19.61 3.91 1.19 February ............... 2.31 22.26 18.45 28.61 22.18 4.36 1.83 March .................... 2.84 19.63 19.11 31.67 23.06 2.25 1.44 April ...................... 3.83 20.65 20.98 31.93 19.27 1.51 1.82 May ....................... 3.29 18.38 17.25 30.44 27.38 2.24 1.03 June ...................... 3.74 19.70 17.26 31.58 25.64 0.80 1.28 July ....................... 4.61 16.73 20.40 29.89 22.48 2.99 2.91 August .................. 3.66 17.89 16.13 31.55 26.68 2.21 1.89 September ............ 3.75 18.25 16.21 33.46 22.93 3.03 2.36 October ................. 4.31 16.62 19.92 31.89 21.57 3.21 2.48 November ............. 4.03 18.13 17.87 30.78 23.73 3.74 1.72 December ............. 5.04 17.60 17.59 30.05 23.92 3.50 2.31 1994 .........................
1996 January ................. 14.41 14.81 17.62 18.12 18.80 19.22 18.47 February ............... 15.29 15.52 17.66 18.86 18.80 20.03 19.74 March .................... 16.57 17.52 19.84 20.30 20.54 21.63 21.48 April ...................... 17.04 18.65 21.71 20.94 22.12 21.86 22.15 May ....................... 15.97 17.39 19.92 19.90 21.01 21.48 21.57 June ...................... 16.10 16.90 19.17 19.20 20.09 20.30 20.63 July ....................... 16.63 17.28 19.70 19.75 20.66 21.02 20.96 August .................. 17.33 18.00 20.52 20.86 21.72 21.54 21.81 September ............ 19.12 19.91 22.55 22.38 23.33 22.93 22.54 October ................. 19.23 20.97 23.32 23.34 24.80 24.73 24.87 November ............. 18.99 19.57 22.43 22.95 24.10 24.61 24.37 December ............. 19.17 19.92 22.96 22.71 24.77
1995 January ................. 13.91 14.06 16.26 16.91 17.27 16.74 17.41 February ............... 14.21 14.62 16.88 17.27 17.84 17.99 17.20 March .................... 14.72 15.31 16.96 17.67 17.94 18.16 18.53 April ...................... 15.94 16.74 18.43 18.72 19.05 18.83 18.93 May ....................... 16.20 16.75 18.26 18.12 19.28 19.21 19.08 June ...................... 14.78 15.44 17.03 17.20 18.59 18.51 18.82 July ....................... 13.96 14.10 15.97 16.41 17.16 17.30 17.81 August .................. 13.70 14.30 16.38 16.36 17.32 16.95 16.55 September ............ 14.04 14.20 16.49 16.65 17.55 18.60 18.02 October ................. 12.88 13.40 15.78 16.24 17.30 17.78 17.46 November ............. 13.56 13.74 16.13 17.01 17.54 17.53 18.21 December ............. 14.80 15.03 17.13 17.15 18.69
1997 January ......................... 19.26 21.50 18.87 23.25 23.40 24.07 February ....................... 16.63 18.34 17.74 20.36 20.62 21.19 March ............................ 15.75 16.90 16.11 18.64 19.23 19.65 April .............................. 14.50 15.70 14.72 17.42 18.10 18.62 May ............................... 15.41 16.33 14.48 18.35 18.81 19.64 June .............................. 14.16 14.71 13.74 16.87 17.13 17.81 July ............................... 13.85 15.15 13.00 17.23 17.39 18.14 August .......................... 14.86 15.50 12.97 17.54 17.68 18.36 September .................... 15.07 15.36 14.14 17.50 17.58 18.22 October ......................... 16.47 16.79 14.56 18.97 19.11 19.73 November ..................... 15.08 15.21 14.57 18.02 17.98 18.71 December .....................
1996 January ................. 4.15 22.60 17.85 28.54 23.19 2.19 1.48 February ............... 4.52 22.26 14.69 28.79 24.96 3.51 1.27 March .................... 3.79 19.54 19.77 31.45 22.75 1.17 1.54 April ...................... 4.56 20.86 13.84 31.67 26.91 0.96 1.20 May ....................... 4.51 18.61 15.86 32.04 24.32 3.00 1.66 June ...................... 4.29 20.45 15.33 34.01 22.65 2.29 0.98 July ....................... 6.17 18.84 13.25 33.93 24.75 2.16 0.90 August .................. 5.23 19.66 12.44 35.69 22.73 2.57 1.69 September ............ 3.99 21.90 13.26 36.65 21.75 0.65 1.80 October ................. 3.92 22.24 15.65 30.63 23.84 1.09 2.62 November ............. 5.03 22.49 13.65 31.88 23.91 2.24 0.80 December ............. 4.63 21.77 11.45 38.24 20.65 1.68 1.59 1996 .........................
15.27 15.52 16.22 November ... 12.68 13.86 10.69 15.74 15.69 16.59 December ... 12.26 12.91 10.48 14.82 14.89 15.68 1994...
1996 January ... 4.15 22.60 17.85 28.54 23.19 2.19 1.48 February ... 4.52 22.26 14.69 28.79 24.96 3.51 1.27 March ... 3.79 19.54 19.77...
F.O.B. Costs of Imported Crude Oil by API Gravity
Values shown for the current two months are preliminary. Values shown for the previous two months may be revised to account for late submissions and corrections. Final revisions to...
1996 January ... 13.80 15.60 12.16 17.04 16.97 17.65 February ... 14.16 15.49 12.78 16.84 16.94 17.60 March ......
1997 January ... 4.81 21.56 12.96 34.96 21.61 2.76 1.34 February ... 4.66 22.18 15.45 29.96 24.56 2.33 0.86 March ... 5.24 21.60 12.11...
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 View History 20.0 or Less 81.25 54.76 69.51 94.66 96.07 93.91 1978-2013 20.1 to 25.0 83.07 54.36 69.72 94.15 94.35 91.27 1978-2013 25.1 to...
1996 January ... 14.41 14.81 17.62 18.12 18.80 19.22 18.47 February ... 15.29 15.52 17.66 18.86 18.80 20.03 19.74 March ... 16.57 17.52...
1997 January ... 18.57 19.34 23.73 22.13 24.80 23.89 23.89 February ... 14.79 17.00 21.18 19.69 22.81 22.74 24.44 March ... 14.56 16.06...
1997 January ... 19.26 21.50 18.87 23.25 23.40 24.07 February ... 16.63 18.34 17.74 20.36 20.62 21.19 March ......
1993 January ... 4.52 18.16 22.93 28.47 23.99 1.48 0.45 February ... 4.19 18.11 19.48 35.50 17.92 3.57 1.22 March ... 4.98 18.66 20.35...
1993 January ... 13.07 13.09 16.23 17.15 18.48 18.48 19.00 February ... 13.25 13.79 17.04 17.94 19.22 19.49 19.64 March ... 13.94 14.49...
1993 January ................. 4.52 18.16 22.93 28.47 23.99 1.48 0.45 February ............... 4.19 18.11 19.48 35.50 17.92 3.57 1.22 March .................... 4.98 18.66 20.35 28.62 23.43 2.50 1.46 April ...................... 3.87 19.19 18.99 34.21 20.14 2.46 1.14 May ....................... 4.08 17.79 20.20 30.71 22.34 3.43 1.45 June ...................... 5.15 18.63 18.93 32.48 22.10 1.55 1.17 July ....................... 4.29 20.18 22.37 29.86 20.49 1.55 1.26 August .................. 5.99 21.29 18.91 27.30 23.42 1.69 1.40 September ............ 4.67 19.54 18.63 31.51 21.74 1.89 2.02 October ................. 4.78 18.66 16.53 36.43 17.94 3.57 2.10 November ............. 4.39 18.81 19.45 34.22 18.98 3.15 1.00 December ............. 3.46 16.62 14.68 39.78 19.54 4.06 1.87 1993 .........................
Reegle mentions OpenEI in video on new Content Pool API | OpenEI Community
Reegle mentions OpenEI in video on new Content Pool API Reegle mentions OpenEI in video on new Content Pool API Home > Groups > OpenEI Community Central Graham7781's picture Submitted by Graham7781(2002) Super contributor 15 February, 2013 - 15:25 data energy OpenEI REEEP REEGLE structured tagging API Reegle and OpenEI share the vision that easy access to energy information will help drive future developments in clean energy development. As part of this path forward, REEEP has developed a 'Content Pool' surrounding their original term extraction API. The idea behind the content pool is that, when contributing agencies submit content to the pool via the API, they'll receive extracted energy keywords, relevant thesaurus definitions, and a link of other content with similar result sets. Florian Bauer, featured in the video, describes how the reegle tagging api
E-Print Network 3.0 - apis mellifera insecta Sample Search Results
VALIDO, M CANDELARIA RODRGUEZ-RODRGUEZ Y PEDRO JORDANO RESUMEN... mellifera, Api- dae) en el propio seno del Parque Nacional ( 2000 colmenas cada primavera). Los...
Development of an Interactive, Hands-on Learning Experience of the Google Maps API.
??The project is to design and implement a Web application for realizing an innovative, hands-on interactive learning experience for the Google Maps API. This learning… (more)
Kale, Rushikesh Digambar
E-Print Network 3.0 - africanizadas apis mellifera Sample Search...
Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 Introduction Apis mellifera L. is native to Europe, Africa, and Asia (including Saudi Summary: . Caracterizacin mitocondrial de poblaciones de...
Author manuscript, published in "Information and Software Technology (2011)" DOI: 10.1016/j.infsof.2011.09.006 API2MoL: Automating the building of bridges between APIs and Model- Driven Engineering
Context. A software artefact typically makes its functionality available through a specialized Application Programming Interface (API) describing the set of services offered to client applications. In fact, building any software system usually involves managing a plethora of APIs, which complicates the development process. In Model-Driven Engineering (MDE), where models are the key elements of any software engineering activity, this API management should take place at the model level. Therefore, tools that facilitate the integration of APIs and MDE are clearly needed. Objective. Our goal is to automate the implementation of API-MDE bridges for supporting both the creation of models from API objects and the generation of such API objects from models. In this sense, this paper presents the API2MoL approach, which provides a declarative rule-based language to easily write mapping definitions to link API specifications and the metamodel that represents them. These definitions are then executed to convert API objects into model elements or vice versa. The approach also allows both the metamodel and the mapping to be automatically obtained from the API specification (bootstrap process). Method. After implementing the API2MoL engine, its correctness was validated using several APIs.
Javier Luis; Cánovas Izquierdo; Frédéric Jouault; Jordi Cabot; Jesús García Molina
The Universe Adventure - Gravity
Gravity: The Main Attraction Gravity: The Main Attraction Gravity Acts on All Matter Gravity's effect is apparent even at the largest scales: just as gravity keeps the Earth orbiting the sun, it holds these two irregular galaxies M32 and M110 in orbit around the larger Andromeda galaxy. In the late 1600s, the English mathematician Sir Isaac Newton gave the first scientific description of gravitation. Gravity is an attractive force existing between any two objects that have mass, causing them to accelerate towards each other. It is the weakest of the four fundamental forces but can act over great distances and is responsible for the formation of planets, stars, galaxies, and even larger scale structures such as groups and superclusters. Gravity is also the force that governs the motion of
pdfcrowd.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API pdfcrowd.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API
pdfcrowd.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API #12;pdfcrowd.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API #12;pdfcrowd.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API #12;pdfcrowd.comopen in browser PRO
Investigation of Dynamic and Static Recrystallization Behavior During Thermomechanical Processing in API-X70 Microalloyed Steel
Investigation of Dynamic and Static Recrystallization Behavior During Thermomechanical Processing in API-X70 Microalloyed Steel
Bahman Mirzakhani; Hossein Arabi…
Overcoming the Problems Associated with the Existence of Too Many DSM APIs
Overcoming the Problems Associated with the Existence of Too Many DSM APIs Martin Schulz Lehrstuhl f�r Rechnertechnik und Rechnerorganisation Technische Universit�t M�nchen DSM 2002, Berlin May 22nd, 2002 SMiLE #12;2 � Martin Schulz, May 22nd 2002, DSM 2002, Berlin Many APIs ! Large variety of shared
Schulz, Martin
U-Boot Standalone Application (Exports) API 18349 Embedded Real-Time Systems
U-Boot Standalone Application (Exports) API 18Â349 Embedded Real-Time Systems 1 Introduction This document contains details on the U-Boot 1.1.4 Exports API used by standalone applications. Most of the details of this document were derived from reading the U-Boot source code relevant to the gum- stix
Narasimhan, Priya
API5 Confers Tumoral Immune Escape through FGF2-Dependent Cell Survival Pathway
...antiapoptotic gene, apoptosis inhibitor 5 (API5), in the immune-resistant...and Methods Chemical kinase inhibitors LY294002 (Calbiochem Corp...siApi5- or siGFP-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) starting...Exposure to the proteasome inhibitor, MG 132, restored Bim levels...
Kyung Hee Noh; Seok-Ho Kim; Jin Hee Kim; Kwon-Ho Song; Young-Ho Lee; Tae Heung Kang; Hee Dong Han; Anil K. Sood; Joanne Ng; Kwanghee Kim; Chung Hee Sonn; Vinay Kumar; Cassian Yee; Kyung-Mi Lee; and Tae Woo Kim
Data Management in the GridRPC GridRPC Data Management API
Data Management in the GridRPC Issues Conclusion GridRPC Data Management API Implementations, Le Mahec, Nakada GridRPC DM API: Implem. and Interop. Issues (1/13) #12;Data Management in the GridRPC Issues Conclusion Goal GridRPC DM types: Reminder 1 Data Management in the GridRPC Goal GridRPC DM types
Caniou, Yves
V-142: Oracle Java Reflection API Flaw Lets Remote Users Execute Arbitrary
2: Oracle Java Reflection API Flaw Lets Remote Users Execute 2: Oracle Java Reflection API Flaw Lets Remote Users Execute Arbitrary Code V-142: Oracle Java Reflection API Flaw Lets Remote Users Execute Arbitrary Code April 25, 2013 - 12:14am Addthis PROBLEM: Oracle Java Reflection API Flaw Lets Remote Users Execute Arbitrary Code PLATFORM: Version(s): 7 Update 21; possibly other versions (1.7.0_21-b11) Java Server JRE is also affected. ABSTRACT: A vulnerability was reported in Oracle Java. REFERENCE LINKS: SecurityTracker Alert ID: 1028466 Oracle IMPACT ASSESSMENT: Medium DISCUSSION: A remote user can create a specially crafted Java application that, when loaded and approved by the target user, will trigger a flaw in the Reflection API to bypass the security sandbox. IMPACT: A remote user can create a Java file that, when loaded by the target user,
Department of Energy Implements APIs in the Cloud | Department of Energy
Department of Energy Implements APIs in the Cloud Department of Energy Implements APIs in the Cloud Department of Energy Implements APIs in the Cloud November 9, 2012 - 2:43pm Addthis As part of the Digital Strategy, the Department of Energy is making more high-value data sets available through Application Program Interfaces (APIs) - helping programmers develop new opportunities, services and products for citizens. Additionally, these data sets and APIs are now housed on cloud-based servers, helping us to provide easy, scalable access to the public. Moving our data sets to the cloud builds on the important steps the Energy Department has taken to advance cost-effective, secure cloud-hosted infrastructure solutions. For example, we have also moved our Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) to the cloud to streamline operations. We are also
Performance Tools and APIs on BG/P Systems | Argonne Leadership Computing
Performance Tools and APIs Performance Tools and APIs Tuning and Analysis Utilities (TAU) Rice HPC Toolkit IBM HPCT Mpip gprof Profiling Tools Darshan PAPI High Level UPC API Low Level UPC API UPC Hardware BG/P dgemm Performance Tuning MPI on BGP Performance FAQs IBM References Software and Libraries Tukey Eureka / Gadzooks Policies Documentation Feedback Please provide feedback to help guide us as we continue to build documentation for our new computing resource. [Feedback Form] Performance Tools and APIs on BG/P Systems MPI and OpenMP Options Tuning MPI on BGP Performance Tools Tuning and Analysis Utilities (TAU) - Instruments applications and gathers information on timings, MPI activity, and hardware performance counter events Rice HPCToolkit- Performs sample based profiling of applications and
Utility Rates API Version 2 is Live! | OpenEI Community
Utility Rates API Version 2 is Live! Utility Rates API Version 2 is Live! Home > Groups > Utility Rate Sfomail's picture Submitted by Sfomail(48) Member 17 May, 2013 - 11:14 API developer OpenEI update utility Utility Companies utility rate Utility Rates version 1 version 2 version 3 web service Smart meter After several months of development and testing, the next generation web service for the utility rate database is finally here! I encourage you to check out the V2 Utility Rates API at http://en.openei.org/services/doc/rest/util_rates The new API includes support for the latest V2 Utility Rates input fields (including tiered time-of-use rates, tiered demand charges, new category for lighting, and many more improvements). Just a reminder that you can view (And contribute!) rate database entries
Frangible roof joint behavior of cylindrical oil storage tanks designed to API 650 rules
This paper presents the results of an investigation into the frangible joint behavior of tanks designed to API 650 rules. In such tanks, the roof-to-shell joint is intended to fail in the event of overpressurization, venting the tank and containing any remaining fluid. The reasoning behind present API design formulas is reviewed. Combustion analyses, structural analyses, and the results of testing are presented. Results show that higher pressures are reached before frangible joint failure than predicted by the present API 650 calculation. One consequence is that (for empty tanks) uplift of the bottom can be expected to occur more frequently than predicted using API 650. However, uplift does not necessarily mean bottom failure. Instead, the relative strength of the shell-to-bottom and roof-to-shell joints will determine failure. This ratio is larger for larger tanks. Recommendations are made as to possible changes in the design approach of API 650.
Lu, Z.; Swenson, D.V.; Fenton, D.L. [Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS (United States). Mechanical Engineering Dept.
A generic security API for symmetric key management on cryptographic devices
Abstract We present a new symmetric key management API for cryptographic devices intended to implement security protocols in distributed systems. Our API has a formal security policy and proofs of security in the symbolic model, under various threat scenarios. This sets it apart from previous \\{APIs\\} such as RSA PKCS#11, which are under-specified, lack a clear security policy and are often subject to attacks. Our design is based on the principle of explicitness: the security policy for a key must be given at creation time, and this policy is then included in any ciphertext containing the key. Our API also contains novel features such as the possibility of insisting on a freshness check before accepting an encrypted key for import. To show the applicability of our design, we give an algorithm for automatically instantiating the API commands for a given key management protocol and apply it on the Clark–Jacob protocols suite.
Véronique Cortier; Graham Steel
Web API design considerations for resolving inherent issues in web environment
The recent trend in web application development is moving towards exposing the service functionality through application programming interface (API). Many web-based services start to offer APIs to support application-to-application integration with their consumers on top of the web. The trend has raised the demand for average web developers to know how to design APIs for web-based services. In this paper, we summarise a list of inherent issues in the web that developers should pay attention to, describe how web architecture may help to resolve these issues, and suggest design considerations for web API design. In addition, we demonstrate an experimental design process through a case study to design web API for social bookmarking service.
Hui Ming Teo; Wan Mohd Nasir Wan Kadir
Alteration of the tertiary structure of the major bee venom allergen Api m 1 by multiple mutations is
Alteration of the tertiary structure of the major bee venom allergen Api m 1 by multiple mutations a recombinant form of the major bee venom allergen (Api m 1) with the final goal of reducing its IgE reactivity. This molecule (Api mut) contains 24 mutations and one deletion of 10 amino acids. The successive introduction
Gelb, Michael
The Bioverse API and Web Application Michal Guerquin, Jason McDermott, Zach Frazier, and Ram Samudrala
Chapter 22 The Bioverse API and Web Application Michal Guerquin, Jason McDermott, Zach Frazier.1007/978-1-59745-243-4_22 511 #12;an Application Programming Interface (API) that allows specific queries to be issued against the database and a web application that utilises the API to present the data in a browser to Internet users
Samudrala, Ram
Formal Verification of the SeVeCom HSM API with the Applied -calculus and the ProVerif tool
Formal Verification of the SeVeCom HSM API with the Applied -calculus and the ProVerif tool Ta Vinh Programming Interface (API) of the HSM. Besides the physical protection provided by the hardware of the HSM, its API must also be secure and resistant against attempts of logical break-ins. Unfortunately
Abstract 2335: API 31510 - a novel anti-angiogenic modulator of endothelial cells and the tumor microenvironment
...of pancreatic carcinoma by Cytotech Labs API 31510 Niven R. Narain 1 Caroline V. Caperton...developed a novel intravenous formulation, API 31510, which induces apoptosis of a pancreatic...weeks after transplantation with MIA Paca2, API 31510 and vehicle controls were administered...
Tony E. Walshe; Justin J. Bourdelais; Vivek Vishnudas; Rangaprasad Sarangarajan; Niven R. Narain
Detection of Nosema apis and N. ceranae in honeybee bottom scraps and frass in naturally infected hives
Detection of Nosema apis and N. ceranae in honeybee bottom scraps and frass in naturally infected Abstract  Current sampling methods for identification of honeybee microsporidians (Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae) involve killing adult honeybees. The current study monitored the presence of N. apis and N
Cloud Platform Support for API Governance Chandra Krintz, Hiranya Jayathilaka, Stratos Dimopoulos, Alexander Pucher, Rich Wolski, and Tevfik Bultan
Cloud Platform Support for API Governance Chandra Krintz, Hiranya Jayathilaka, Stratos Dimopoulos, network accessible, application programming interfaces (APIs). In this paper, we postulate that recent management, and policy-based control  i.e. API governance  for extant and future digital assets. Toward
A RESTful API for exchanging materials data in the AFLOWLIB.org Richard H. Taylor a,b
A RESTful API for exchanging materials data in the AFLOWLIB.org consortium Richard H. Taylor a (API) following REST principles is introduced for the AFLOWLIB.org materials data repositories through a RESTful API and a python library enabling ad hoc applications [17]. Other examples of online
Gravity Train Project
Dec 7, 2013 ... Gravity Train Project. Same page in Romanian, Polish, and in French. Let us drill a straight tunnel from West Lafayette, IN to Paris, France:.
Counterterms in Lovelock Gravity
In this paper, we introduce the counterterms that remove the non-logarithmic divergences of the action in third order Lovelock gravity. We do this by defining the cosmological constant in such a way that the asymptotic form of the metric have the same form in Lovelock and Einstein gravities. Thus, we employ the counterterms of Einstein gravity and show that the power law divergences in the action of Lovelock gravity can be removed by suitable choice of coefficients. We find that the dependence of these coefficients on the dimension in Lovelock gravity is the same as in Einstein gravity. We also introduce the finite energy-momentum tensor and employ these counterterms to calculate the finite action and mass of the black hole solutions of third order Lovelock gravity. We calculate the thermodynamic quantities and show that the entropy calculated through the use of Gibbs-Duhem relation is consistent with the obtained entropy by Wald's formula. We, also, find that in contrast to Einstein gravity in which there ex...
Mehdizadeh, M R; Zangeneh, M Kord
Gravity perturbed Crapper waves
...waves are known to have multi-valued height. Using...gravity-capillary waves with multi-valued height. The...of single-valued and multi-valued travelling waves...absence of gravity, a family of exact solutions is...elliptic functions. Building upon the work by Tanveer...
Selection Rules for the Nonlinear Interactions of Internal Gravity Waves and Inertia-Gravity Waves
Internal Gravity Waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.1 Twodimensional inertia-gravity wave physics . . . . . . . . .Three dimensional inertia-gravity wave physics . . . . . .
Jiang, Chung-Hsiang
Biztonsgi API analzis a spi-kalkulussal Buttyn Levente Ta Vinh Thong
Biztonsági API analĂzis a spi-kalkulussal Buttyán Levente Ta Vinh Thong firstname.lastname@example.com email@example.com CrySyS Adatbiztonsági LaboratĂłrium BME HĂradástechnikai TanszĂ©k Kivonat: Az API szint támadások komoly veszĂ©lyt jelentenek a hardver biztonsági modulokra nĂ©zve, ezĂ©rt fontos követelmĂ©ny az API-ban rejl
American Petroleum Institute (API) Standard 653 compliance program for aboveground storage tanks
With increased pressure from federal regulators to inspect and maintain aboveground storage tanks -- and with no specific guidelines in API (American Petroleum Institute) Standard 653, Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction -- the need to develop an effective compliance program is warranted. Although many programs can be developed to comply with API Standard 653, this paper presents one interpretation of the document. An API Standard 653 compliance program has several components, including inspection scheduling, engineering evaluations, documentation, repairs and alterations, and the possibility of hydrotesting. Each of these components is integral to the other. Effective coordination of these activities will minimize tank downtime.
Butler, D.M.; Stadler, P.M. (Chicago Bridge Iron Co., Oak Brook, IL (United States))
AES Encryption and Decryption Using Direct3D 10 API
Current video cards (GPUs - Graphics Processing Units) are very programmable, have become much more powerful than the CPUs and they are very affordable. In this paper, we present an implementation for the AES algorithm using Direct3D 10 certified GPUs. The graphics API Direct3D 10 is the first version that allows the use of integer operations, making from the traditional GPUs (that works only with floating point numbers), General Purpose GPUs that can be used for a large number of algorithms, including encryption. We present the performance of the symmetric key encryption algorithm - AES, on a middle range GPU and on a middle range quad core CPU. On the testing system, the developed solution is almost 3 times faster on the GPU than on one single core CPU, showing that the GPU can perform as an efficient cryptographic accelerator.
Chiuta, Adrian Marius
Weighted Guidelines | Department of Energy
Weighted Guidelines Weighted Guidelines Weighted Guidelines More Documents & Publications Weighted Guidelines DOE F 4220.23 Microsoft Word - Final MR AL.doc...
,"U.S. Refinery Crude Oil Input Qualities"
Sulfur Content (Weighted Average) of Crude Oil Input to Refineries (Percent)","U.S. API Gravity (Weighted Average) of Crude Oil Input to Refineries (Degrees)" 31062,0.88,32.64...
Sulfur Content (Weighted Average) of Crude Oil Input to Refineries (Percent)","U.S. API Gravity (Weighted Average) of Crude Oil Input to Refineries (Degrees)" 31228,0.91,32.46...
Where can I find APIs and other resources for developers competing at
Where can I find APIs and other resources for developers competing at Where can I find APIs and other resources for developers competing at Cleanweb hackathons? Home > Groups > Developer Submitted by Rmckeel on 25 June, 2012 - 07:23 1 answer Points: 0 There are a few that I know of: http://en.openei.org/wiki/Help:Energy_Hackathon_Resources is the list on OpenEI (please add/edit the page if you want!) Also check out http://cleanweb.co/apis and http://cleanweb.co/datasets for APIs and datasets developers can use! Rmckeel on 25 June, 2012 - 07:24 Groups Menu You must login in order to post into this group. Recent content Thank you Jon, I know about th... Hi Yury-Thank you for your i... source code for OpenEI extensions Timo,My apologies for the ... Browse by region (RaphaelSVGMap) more Group members (19) Managers: Rmckeel Recent members:
E-Print Network 3.0 - abelhas apis mellifera Sample Search Results
mellifera forager on orange blossoms at our field site... - 401. Breed, M.D. and T.M. Stiller, 1992. Honey bee, Apis mellifera, nestmate discrimination... -Laurino, M., 1982....
E-Print Network 3.0 - abelha apis mellifera Sample Search Results
E-Print Network 3.0 - apis mellifera linnaeus Sample Search Results
in Sheffield, UK using colonies of Apis mellifera. Eggs aged 0-24 h were obtained from worker cells... noptres. Ann Sci Nat Zool 19:1-362 Breed MD, Stiller TM (1992) Honeybee,...
E-Print Network 3.0 - apis mellifera workers Sample Search Results
nies normally prevent the entry of non-nestmate workers from other... for 5 of the 6 study colo- nies (the sixth rejected all non-nestmates), 3 each of Apis mellifera... :...
An improved method for interpreting API filter press hydraulic conductivity test results
The American Petroleum Institute (API) filter press is frequently used to measure the hydraulic conductivity of soil-bentonite backfill during the mix design process and as part of construction quality controls. However, interpretation of the test results is complicated by the fact that the seepage-induced consolidation pressure varies from zero at the top of the specimen to a maximum value at the bottom of the specimen. An analytical solution is available which relates the stress, compressibility, and hydraulic conductivity in soil consolidated by seepage forces. This paper presents the results of a laboratory investigation undertaken to support application of this theory to API hydraulic conductivity tests. When the API test results are interpreted using seepage consolidation theory, they are in good agreement with the results of consolidometer permeameter tests. Limitations of the API test are also discussed.
Heslin, G.M.; Baxter, D.Y.; Filz, G.M. [Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (United States); Davidson, R.R. [Woodward-Clyde Consultants, Denver, CO (United States)
E-Print Network 3.0 - api filter press Sample Search Results
press Search Powered by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: api filter press Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 AspectJ Javadoc Michihiro HORIE Shigeru CHIBA...
E-Print Network 3.0 - api x80 soldadas Sample Search Results
Search Powered by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: api x80 soldadas Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 A Framework for Diversifying Windows Native...
E-Print Network 3.0 - api x65 estudio Sample Search Results
estudio Search Powered by Explorit Topic List Advanced Search Sample search results for: api x65 estudio Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 Country Host University Provider Course Title...
A Static Birthmark of Binary Executables Based on API Call Structure
A software birthmark is a unique characteristic of a program that can be used as a software theft detection. In this paper we suggest and empirically evaluate a static birthmark of binary executables based on API
Seokwoo Choi; Heewan Park; Hyun-il Lim…
Performance Issues of Synchronisation in the MPI-2 One-Sided Communication API
The efficient implementation of one-sided communication for cluster environments is a challenging task. Here, we present and discuss performance issues which are inherently created by the design of the MPI-2 API ...
Lars Schneidenbach; David Böhme…
Help:US Utility Rate Database API Tutorial | Open Energy Information
Help page Edit History Facebook icon Twitter icon Help:US Utility Rate Database API Tutorial Jump to: navigation, search Contents 1 Using the OpenEI Application Programming...
The beam commissioning software framework of NSLS-II project adopts a client/server based architecture to replace the more traditional monolithic high level application approach. It is an open structure platform, and we try to provide a narrow API set for client application. With this narrow API, existing applications developed in different language under different architecture could be ported to our platform with small modification. This paper describes system infrastructure design, client API and system integration, and latest progress. As a new 3rd generation synchrotron light source with ultra low emittance, there are new requirements and challenges to control and manipulate the beam. A use case study and a theoretical analysis have been performed to clarify requirements and challenges to the high level applications (HLA) software environment. To satisfy those requirements and challenges, adequate system architecture of the software framework is critical for beam commissioning, study and operation. The existing traditional approaches are self-consistent, and monolithic. Some of them have adopted a concept of middle layer to separate low level hardware processing from numerical algorithm computing, physics modelling, data manipulating, plotting, and error handling. However, none of the existing approaches can satisfy the requirement. A new design has been proposed by introducing service oriented architecture technology. The HLA is combination of tools for accelerator physicists and operators, which is same as traditional approach. In NSLS-II, they include monitoring applications and control routines. Scripting environment is very important for the later part of HLA and both parts are designed based on a common set of APIs. Physicists and operators are users of these APIs, while control system engineers and a few accelerator physicists are the developers of these APIs. With our Client/Server mode based approach, we leave how to retrieve information to the developers of APIs and how to use them to form a physics application to the users. For example, how the channels are related to magnet and what the current real-time setting of a magnet is in physics unit are the internals of APIs. Measuring chromaticities are the users of APIs. All the users of APIs are working with magnet and instrument names in a physics unit. The low level communications in current or voltage unit are minimized. In this paper, we discussed our recent progress of our infrastructure development, and client API.
Shen, G.; Yang; L.; Shroff; K.
Variation in and Responses to Brood Pheromone of the Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)
? ? VARIATION?IN?AND?RESPONSES?TO?BROOD?PHEROMONE?OF? THE?HONEY?BEE?(Apis?mellifera)? ? ? A?Dissertation? ? by? ? BRADLEY?NORMAN?METZ? ? ? ? ? Submitted?to?the?Office?of?Graduate?Studies?of? Texas?A&M?University? in...?partial?fulfillment?of?the?requirements?for?the?degree?of? ? DOCTOR?OF?PHILOSOPHY? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? December?2009? ? ? ? Major?Subject:?Entomology? ? ? VARIATION?IN?AND?RESPONSES?TO?BROOD?PHEROMONE?OF? THE?HONEY?BEE?(Apis?mellifera)? ? ? A?Dissertation? ? by? ? BRADLEY...
Metz, Bradley N.
Modifications of gravity
...requirement of cold dark matter (CDM...gravity|cosmology|dark energy| 1. Introduction...cosmology). The discovery that the expansion...the form of cold dark matter (CDM...and perhaps dark energy (DE) [22-26...
Purely affine Gravity
We develop a topological theory of gravity with torsion where metric has a dynamical rather than a kinematical origin. This approach towards gravity resembles pre-geometrical approaches in which a fundamental metric does not exist, but the affine connection gives place to a local inertial structure. Such feature reminds us of Mach's principle, that assumes the inertial forces should have dynamical origin. Additionally, a Newtonian gravitational force is obtained in the non-relativistic limit of the theory.
Skirzewski, Aureliano
Aureliano Skirzewski; Oscar Castillo-Felisola
Method for Weight Control Engineering Management to Evaluate Single Engine Aircraft Weighing Activities
There is no greater task for a Weight Control Engineer than determining an aircraft's weight and center of gravity (CG). Although the concept of balance or CG is easy to grasp, calculating or measuring it for complex objects, such as an aircraft...
Brown, Patrick M.
Is the Sample Good Enough? Comparing Data from Twitter's Streaming API with Twitter's Firehose
Twitter is a social media giant famous for the exchange of short, 140-character messages called "tweets". In the scientific community, the microblogging site is known for openness in sharing its data. It provides a glance into its millions of users and billions of tweets through a "Streaming API" which provides a sample of all tweets matching some parameters preset by the API user. The API service has been used by many researchers, companies, and governmental institutions that want to extract knowledge in accordance with a diverse array of questions pertaining to social media. The essential drawback of the Twitter API is the lack of documentation concerning what and how much data users get. This leads researchers to question whether the sampled data is a valid representation of the overall activity on Twitter. In this work we embark on answering this question by comparing data collected using Twitter's sampled API service with data collected using the full, albeit costly, Firehose stream that includes every s...
Morstatter, Fred; Liu, Huan; Carley, Kathleen M
The E3 ubiquitin ligases ?-TrCP and FBXW7 cooperatively mediates GSK3-dependent Mcl-1 degradation induced by the Akt inhibitor API-1, resulting in apoptosis
The novel Akt inhibitor, API-1, induces apoptosis through undefined mechanisms. ... study focuses on revealing the mechanisms by which API-1 induces apoptosis.
Hui Ren; Junghui Koo; Baoxiang Guan; Ping Yue; Xingming Deng…
Resummation of Massive Gravity
We construct four-dimensional covariant nonlinear theories of massive gravity which are ghost-free in the decoupling limit to all orders. These theories resume explicitly all the nonlinear terms of an effective field theory of massive gravity. We show that away from the decoupling limit the Hamiltonian constraint is maintained at least up to and including quartic order in nonlinearities, hence excluding the possibility of the Boulware-Deser ghost up to this order. We also show that the same remains true to all orders in a similar toy model.
Rham, Claudia de [Department de Physique Theorique, Universite de Geneve, 24 Quai E. Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneve (Switzerland); Gabadadze, Gregory [Center for Cosmology and Particle Physics, Department of Physics, New York University, New York 10003 (United States); Tolley, Andrew J. [Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106 (United States)
pdfcrowd.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Subject Board for Physics
pdfcrowd.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Subject? Try out the HTML to PDF API Phase transition and Critical Phenomenon Mustansir Barma barma Spring 2004
Udgaonkar, Jayant B.
Mechanical Characteristics of Submerged Arc Weldment in API Gas Pipeline Steel of Grade X65
The mechanical properties of submerged arc weldment (SAW) in gas transportation pipeline steel of grade API X65 (65 ksi yield strength) were investigated. This steel is produced by thermo mechanical control rolled (TMC), and is largely used in Iran gas piping systems and networks. The results from laboratory study on three different regions; i.e. base metal (BM), fusion zone (FZ) and heat affected zone (HAZ) were used to compare weldment mechanical characteristics with those specified by API 5L (revision 2004) standard code. Different laboratory experiments were conducted on test specimens taken from 48 inch outside diameter and 14.3 mm wall thickness gas pipeline. The test results showed a gradient of microstructure and Vickers hardness data from the centerline of FZ towards the unaffected MB. Similarly, lower Charpy absorbed energy (compared to BM) was observed in the FZ impact specimens. Despite this, the API specifications were fulfilled in three tested zones, ensuring pipeline structural integrity under working conditions.
Hashemi, S. H. [Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birjand, POBOX 97175-376, Birjand (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Mohammadyani, D. [Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC) POBOX 14155-4777, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of)
Phenomenological Quantum Gravity
Planck scale physics represents a future challenge, located between particle physics and general relativity. The Planck scale marks a threshold beyond which the old description of spacetime breaks down and conceptually new phenomena must appear. In the last years, increased efforts have been made to examine the phenomenology of quantum gravity, even if the full theory is still unknown.
S. Hossenfelder
New standards in flexible pipe technology including API Spec 17J
Recent and future developments in the offshore industry will see the use of flexible pipes in more severe applications than previously. Included in this is its use in deep water, high temperature, high pressure and sour service applications. There is therefore a requirement in the industry for the development of consistent standards for the specification, design, materials, manufacturing and testing of flexible pipes. A Joint Industry Project (JIP) commenced early in 1994 to develop these new industry wide standards for unbonded flexible pipe. The 20 participants to the JIP included twelve oil companies, three manufacturers, three regulatory authorities and three contractors. The first phase of the project involved the development of a standard specification for flexible pipe, with a second phase, presently ongoing, to develop a new recommended practice for flexible pipe. The initial development of the industry standard specification was completed in May of 1995 and the document was subsequently submitted to API for technical review. This was completed by December 1995. The specification was updated accordingly in cooperation between API and the JIP, and subsequently released in January 1996 for API balloting. The specification is expected to be adopted and published as API Spec 17J by the middle of 1996. The specification will also be incorporated during 1996 into the new ISO series of standards for subsea equipment. The recommended practice will update API RP 17B to supplement the pipe specification and incorporate new technological developments. This paper discusses the scope, including new developments, addressed by API Spec 17J and also describes significant aspects in the updating of the recommended practice. This development of new standards within the flexible pipe industry is in line with the objectives of initiatives such as CRINE and NORSOK.
Grealish, F.W.; Bliault, A.; Caveny, K.P.
Modified Theories of Gravity
The recent observational data in cosmology seem to indicate that the universe is currently expanding in an accelerated way. An intriguing interpretation of these data is that they may just be signalling that Einstein's General Relativity is not the correct description of gravity when we consider distances of the order of the present horizon of the universe. In this thesis we consider two models which modify General Relativity at very large distances, the Cascading DGP and the dRGT massive gravity, and investigate their phenomenological viability. We start with a general introduction to standard cosmology and we introduce the late time acceleration problem and the cosmological constant problem. We then provide a pedagogical introduction to the DGP model, of which the Cascading DGP is an extension, and to the dRGT massive gravity. Concerning the Cascading DGP, we show that the thin limit of the 4D brane inside the (already thin) 5D brane is well defined, at least for the class of configurations that we consider, and confirm that gravity is regularized in these set-ups. We give a geometrical interpretation of the presence of the critical tension, and comment on the difference between the results in the literature and our results, which we support with a numerical calculation. Regarding the dRGT massive gravity, we focus on the branch of solutions in which the Vainshtein mechanism can occur. We determine analytically the number and properties of local solutions which exist asymptotically on large scales (but still below the gravitational Compton wavelength), and of local (inner) solutions which exist on small scales. We characterize exactly the properties of global solutions in every point of the phase space, and characterize precisely in which regions the Vainshtein mechanism takes place. We also provide numerical solutions which confirm our analysis.
Fulvio Sbisa'
The Novel Akt Inhibitor API-1 Induces c-FLIP Degradation and Synergizes with TRAIL to Augment Apoptosis Independent of Akt Inhibition
...Research Articles The Novel Akt Inhibitor API-1 Induces c-FLIP Degradation and Synergizes...Coalition Distinguished Cancer Scholars. API-1 (pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines...this study, we reveal a novel function of API-1 in regulation of cellular FLICE-inhibitory...
Bo Li; Hui Ren; Ping Yue; Mingwei Chen; Fadlo R. Khuri; Shi-Yong Sun
pdfcrowd.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Subject version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Astronomy and Astrophysics& D version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Courses Instructor(s) e-mail Quantum Mechanics II
pdfcrowd.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Subject Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Astronomy and Astrophysics& A. Ray akr Nuclear Physics& R a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Courses Instructor(s) e-mail Quantum Mechanics II@$* Deepak Dhar
pdfcrowd.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Subject.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Astronomy and Astrophysics& Devendra.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Electrodynamics I Numerical Methods
Abstract 261: The novel Akt inhibitor API-1 induces c-FLIP degradation and synergizes with TRAIL to augment apoptosis independent of Akt inhibition
...4, 2012; Chicago, IL Abstract 1130: API 31510 induced shift in mitochondrial metabolism...Natick, MA 2Berg Pharma, Cambridge, MA API 31510 is an ubidecarenone-based small...relationship of mitochondrial metabolism and API 31510 induced apoptosis on different cancer...
Bo Li; Hui Rentsch; Ping Yue; Mingwei Chen; Fadlo R. Khuri; Shiyong Sun
pdfcrowd.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Subject version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Topics in Theoretical Physics Kedar Damle a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Admission SBP-guidelines Events Courses Contact SBP-members SBP Home
pdfcrowd.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Share Facebook Tw itter Share StumbleUpon Email
pdfcrowd.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Share a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API MORE INFORMATION ARBORETUM PLANT SALE ARBORETUM PLANT SALE Where a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API well drilling boom 1 month, 1 week ago "Normal" irrigation can make
Pasternack, Gregory B.
Influence of sulfate reducing bacterial biofilm on corrosion behavior of low-alloy, high-strength steel (API-5L X80)
-strength steel (API-5L X80) Faisal M. AlAbbas a,*, Charles Williamson b , Shaily M. Bhola a , John R. Spear b in revised form 25 October 2012 Accepted 25 October 2012 Available online Keywords: Carbon steel API 5L X80. This work investigates microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) of API 5L X80 linepipe steel by sulfate
pdfcrowd.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Subject Courses #12;pdfcrowd.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API;pdfcrowd.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Reading Courses
pdfcrowd.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Subject the HTML to PDF API Astronomy and Astrophysics& D. Narasimha/D. Ojha dna/ojha Nuclear Physics& Indranil a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Courses Instructor(s) e-mail Quantum Mechanics II@$* Sunil Mukhi
Abstract 1130: API 31510 induced shift in mitochondrial metabolism in cancer cells is characterized by increased mitochondrial efficiency and induction of apoptosis
...CA Abstract B240: Combined gefitinib and API-2 induced interaction of DNA-PK with...to gefitinib (an EGFR inhibitor) with API-2 (a selective Akt inhibitor) by increasing...investigated whether combined gefitinib and API-2 induced interaction of DNA-PK with...
Enxuan Jing; Vivek Vishnudas; Joaquin J. Jimnenez; Niven R. Narain; Rangaprasad Sarangarajan
The leak resistance of 2-inch N-80 API treaded tubular connection
THE LEAK RESISTANCE OF 2-INCH N-80 API THREAD TOBULAR CONNECTION A Thesis Peter D. Weiner Submitted to the Graduate School of the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas in Partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER... OF SCIENCE January 1961 Ma)or Subject: Mechanical Engineering THE LEAK RESISTANCE OF 2-INCH N-80 API THREADED TUBULAR COHHECTIOH A Thesis By Peter D. Weiner Approved as to style and content by: Chairman of ittee Head of Department January 1961...
Weiner, Peter Douglas
Commercialization and Late-Stage Development of a Semisynthetic Antifungal API: Anidulafungin/d-Fructose (Eraxis)
Commercialization and Late-Stage Development of a Semisynthetic Antifungal API: Anidulafungin/d-Fructose (Eraxis) ... In first-generation processes, the reaction medium was initially quenched into acetonitrile to precipitate crude 1. ... Clarification, however, is necessary for this API to render it speck-free from extraneous particulate matter, but armed with the above information the initial dissolution process operation was carried out at the lower end of the allowable process range to facilitate minimal formation of 9 during processing as a practical compromise. ...
Timothy Norris; John VanAlsten; Stephen Hubbs; Marcus Ewing; Weiling Cai; Matthew L. Jorgensen; Jon Bordner; Grace O. Jensen
Viscosity in modified gravity
A bulk viscosity is introduced in the formalism of modified gravity. It is shown that, on the basis of a natural scaling law for the viscosity, a simple solution can be found for quantities such as the Hubble parameter and the energy density. These solutions may incorporate a viscosity-induced Big Rip singularity. By introducing a phase transition in the cosmic fluid, the future singularity can nevertheless in principle be avoided.
Iver Brevik
Unimodular Gravity and Averaging
The question of the averaging of inhomogeneous spacetimes in cosmology is important for the correct interpretation of cosmological data. In this paper we suggest a conceptually simpler approach to averaging in cosmology based on the averaging of scalars within unimodular gravity. As an illustration, we consider the example of an exact spherically symmetric dust model, and show that within this approach averaging introduces correlations (corrections) to the effective dynamical evolution equation in the form of a spatial curvature term.
A. Coley; J. Brannlund; J. Latta
Gravity, Dimension, Equilibrium, & Thermodynamics
Is it actually possible to interpret gravitation as space's property in a pure classical way. Then, we note that extended self-gravitating system equilibrium depends directly on the number of dimension of the space in which it evolves. Given those precisions, we review the principal thermodynamical knowledge in the context of classical gravity with arbitrary dimension of space. Stability analyses for bounded 3D systems, namely the Antonov instability paradigm, are then rapproched to some amazing properties of globular clusters and galaxies.
Jerome Perez
The recent observational data in cosmology seem to indicate that the universe is currently expanding in an accelerated way. An intriguing interpretation of these data is that they may just be signalling that Einstein's General Relativity is not the correct description of gravity when we consider distances of the order of the present horizon of the universe. In this thesis we consider two models which modify General Relativity at very large distances, the Cascading DGP and the dRGT massive gravity, and investigate their phenomenological viability. We start with a general introduction to standard cosmology and we introduce the late time acceleration problem and the cosmological constant problem. We then provide a pedagogical introduction to the DGP model, of which the Cascading DGP is an extension, and to the dRGT massive gravity. Concerning the Cascading DGP, we show that the thin limit of the 4D brane inside the (already thin) 5D brane is well defined, at least for the class of configurations that we consider...
Sbisŕ, Fulvio
Tagged Neutron Source for API Inspection Systems with Greatly Enhanced Spatial Resolution
We recently developed induced fission and transmission imaging methods with time- and directionally-tagged neutrons offer new capabilities for characterization of fissile material configurations and enhanced detection of special nuclear materials (SNM). An Advanced Associated Particle Imaging (API) generator with higher angular resolution and neutron yield than existing systems is needed to fully exploit these methods.
Identification of Staphylococcus species with the API STAPH-IDENT system.
...The API STAPH-IDENT strip utilizes a battery of 10 miniaturized biochemical tests...by the manufacturer) were added to the battery, 95 to 96% of the profiles generated...John- son. 1969. A batch procedure for thermal elution of DNA from hydroxyapatite. Anal...
W E Kloos; J F Wolfshohl
ACME: Algorithms for Contact in a Multiphysics Environment API Version 1.3
An effort is underway at Sandia National Laboratories to develop a library of algorithms to search for potential interactions between surfaces represented by analytic and discretized topological entities. This effort is also developing algorithms to determine forces due to these interactions for transient dynamics applications. This document describes the Application Programming Interface (API) for the ACME (Algorithms for Contact in a Multiphysics Environment) library.
ACME - Algorithms for Contact in a Multiphysics Environment API Version 1.0
ACME Algorithms for Contact in a Multiphysics Environment API Version 0.3a
Twitter has captured the interest of the scientific community not only for its massive user base and content, but also for its openness in sharing its data. Twitter shares a free 1% sample of its tweets through the "Streaming API", a service that returns a sample of tweets according to a set of parameters set by the researcher. Recently, research has pointed to evidence of bias in the data returned through the Streaming API, raising concern in the integrity of this data service for use in research scenarios. While these results are important, the methodologies proposed in previous work rely on the restrictive and expensive Firehose to find the bias in the Streaming API data. In this work we tackle the problem of finding sample bias without the need for "gold standard" Firehose data. Namely, we focus on finding time periods in the Streaming API data where the trend of a hashtag is significantly different from its trend in the true activity on Twitter. We propose a solution that focuses on using an open data so...
Morstatter, Fred; Liu, Huan
Continuous API-crystal coating via coacervation in a tubular reactor
Abstract We present a proof-of-concept study of a continuous coating process of single API crystals in a tubular reactor using coacervation as a microencapsulation technique. Continuous API crystal coating can have several advantages, as in a single step (following crystallization) individual crystals can be prepared with a functional coating, either to change the release behavior, to protect the API from gastric juice or to modify the surface energetics of the API (i.e., to tailor the hydrophobic/hydrophilic characteristics, flowability or agglomeration tendency, etc.). The coating process was developed for the microencapsulation of a lipophilic core material (ibuprofen crystals of 20 ?m- to 100 ?m-size), with either hypromellose phthalate (HPMCP) or Eudragit L100-55. The core material was suspended in an aqueous solution containing one of these enteric polymers, fed into the tubing and mixed continuously with a sodium sulfate solution as an antisolvent to induce coacervation. A subsequent temperature treatment was applied to optimize the microencapsulation of crystals via the polymer-rich coacervate phase. Cross-linking of the coating shell was achieved by mixing the processed material with an acidic solution (pH < 3). Flow rates, temperature profiles and polymer-to-antisolvent ratios had to be tightly controlled to avoid excessive aggregation, leading to pipe plugging. This work demonstrates the potential of a tubular reactor design for continuous coating applications and is the basis for future work, combining continuous crystallization and coating.
M.O. Besenhard; A. Thurnberger; R. Hohl; E. Faulhammer; J. Rattenberger; J.G. Khinast
ACME algorithms for contact in a multiphysics environment API version 2.2.
Heinstein, Martin Wilhelm; Glass, Micheal W.; Gullerud, Arne S.; Brown, Kevin H.; Voth, Thomas Eugene; Jones, Reese E.
Water Sim 5.0 Model API Both researchers and water managers
Water Sim 5.0 Model API Both researchers and water managers indicated that a different type not similar between different researchers and between different water managers. Thus it would not be possible that implements a simplified visual interface to the model is provided as an example of using the What is Water
Hall, Sharon J.
Gravity Methods | Open Energy Information
Gravity Methods Gravity Methods Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Exploration Technique: Gravity Methods Details Activities (0) Areas (0) Regions (0) NEPA(3) Exploration Technique Information Exploration Group: Geophysical Techniques Exploration Sub Group: Gravity Techniques Parent Exploration Technique: Information Provided by Technique Lithology: Stratigraphic/Structural: Hydrological: Thermal: Dictionary.png Gravity Methods: No definition has been provided for this term. Add a Definition References No exploration activities found. Document # Analysis Type Applicant Geothermal Area Lead Agency District Office Field Office Mineral Manager Surface Manager Development Phase(s) Techniques NVN-084630 CU Vulcan Energy Patua Geothermal Area BLM Nevada State Office BLM Winnemucca District Office BLM Humboldt River Field Office BLM BLM Geothermal/Exploration Gravity Methods
Geometric scalar theory of gravity
We present a geometric scalar theory of gravity. Our proposal will be described using the ''background field method'' introduced by Gupta, Feynman, Deser and others as a field theory formulation of general relativity. We analyze previous criticisms against scalar gravity and show how the present proposal avoids these difficulties. This concerns not only the theoretical complaints but also those related to observations. In particular, we show that the widespread belief of the conjecture that the source of scalar gravity must be the trace of the energy-momentum tensor — which is one of the main difficulties to couple gravity with electromagnetic phenomenon in previous models — does not apply to our geometric scalar theory. From the very beginning this is not a special relativistic scalar gravity. The adjective ''geometric'' pinpoints its similarity with general relativity: this is a metric theory of gravity. Some consequences of this new scalar theory are explored.
Novello, M.; Bittencourt, E.; Goulart, E.; Salim, J.M.; Toniato, J.D. [Instituto de Cosmologia Relatividade Astrofisica ICRA - CBPF Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud 150 - 22290-180 Rio de Janeiro - Brazil (Brazil); Moschella, U., E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Universitŕ degli Studi dell'Insubria - Dipartamento di Fisica e Matematica Via Valleggio 11 - 22100 Como - Italy (Italy)
Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI: 10.1002/spe.2215 Some structural measures of API usability
In this age of collaborative software development, the importance of usable APIs is well recognized. There already exists a rich body of literature that addresses issues ranging from how to design usable APIs to assessing qualitatively the usability of a given API. However, there does not yet exist a set of generalpurpose metrics that can be pressed into service for a more quantitative assessment of API usability. The goal of this paper is to remedy this shortcoming in the literature. Our work presents a set of formulas that examine the API method declarations from the perspective of several commonly held beliefs regarding what makes APIs difficult to use. We validate the numerical characterizations of API usability as produced by our
Softw Pract Exper; Girish Maskeri Rama; Avinash Kak
Assessing air quality in Hong Kong: A proposed, revised air pollution index (API)
The Environment Protection Department of Hong Kong has been using an air pollution index (API) to report the status of ambient air quality since 1995. Such an index system was first developed by the USA Environmental Protection Authority. The API compares five main air pollutants, i.e. sulfur dioxide (SO2), respirable suspended particulates (RSP), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and Ozone (O3) as sub-indexes, which are calculated separately from a segmented linear function that transforms ambient pollutants concentrations into a normalized scale extending from 0 to 500. The resultant pollution level is described by the maximal value of these five sub-indexes. The limitation of this API system is that it considers only one pollutant with the maximum value at a time but reflects other pollutants concurrently. In this study, a revised air quality index (RAPI) is proposed based on the entropy function, which combines the effect of all pollutants on public health. The design of the revised index is based on database of air pollutants collected at two air quality monitoring stations in Hong Kong, i.e. a roadside station in Mong Kok and a general station in Sha Tin. Compared with the existing API, values of RAPI (calculated from data collected for API) at both stations are at higher levels and provide more information of levels of all pollutants. Therefore, RAPI should be representatively and widely used to provide the public with a better indicator of air quality. In addition, variations and oscillations of pollutants concentrations were also examined and the results show that RSP and NO2 contribute more to the overall pollution level than other components. It is suggested that more abatement strategies be focused on these pollutants to improve air quality in the future.
Wei-Zhen Lu; Hong-di He; Andrew Y.T. Leung
Dual gravity and E11
We consider the equation of motion in the gravity sector that arises from the non-linear realisation of the semi-direct product of E11 and its first fundamental representation, denoted by l1, in four dimensions. This equation is first order in derivatives and at low levels relates the usual field of gravity to a dual gravity field. When the generalised space-time is restricted to be the usual four dimensional space-time we show that this equation does correctly describe Einstein's theory at the linearised level. We also comment on previous discussions of dual gravity.
Peter West
West, Peter
Echoes of Gravity
The study of anisotropies in the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation is progressing at a phenomenal rate, both experimentally and theoretically. These anisotropies can teach us an enormous amount about the way that fluctuations were generated and the way they subsequently evolved into the clustered galaxies which are observed today. In particular, on sub-degree scales the rich structure in the anisotropy spectrum is the consequence of gravity-driven acoustic oscillations occurring before the matter in the universe became neutral. The frozen-in phases of these sound waves imprint a dependence on many cosmological parameters, that we may be on the verge of extracting.
Douglas Scott; Martin White
Fluid Gravity Engineering Rocket motor flow analysis
Fluid Gravity Engineering Capability · Rocket motor flow analysis -Internal (performance) -External young scientists/engineers Fluid Gravity Engineering Ltd #12;
Anand, Mahesh
Reduced models for quantum gravity
The preceding talks given at this conference have dealt mainly with general ideas for, main problems of and techniques for the task of quantizing gravity canonically. Since one of the major motivations to arrange for this meeting was that it should serve as a beginner's introduction to canonical quantum gravity, we regard it as important to demonstrate the usefulness of the formalism by means of applying it to simplified models of quantum gravity, here formulated in terms of Ashtekar's new variables. From the various, completely solvable, models that have been discussed in the literature we choose those that we consider as most suitable for our pedagogical reasons, namely 2+1 gravity and the spherically symmetric model. The former model arises from a dimensional, the latter from a Killing reduction of full 3+1 gravity. While 2+1 gravity is usually treated in terms of closed topologies without boundary of the initial data hypersurface, the toplogy for the spherically symmetric system is chosen to be asymptotically flat. Finally, 2+1 gravity is more suitably quantized using the loop representation while spherically symmetric gravity is easier to quantize via the self-dual representation. Accordingly, both types of reductions, both types of topologies and both types of representations that are mainly employed in the literature in the context of the new variables come into practice. What makes the discussion especially clear is the fact that for both models the reduced phase space turns out to be finitely dimensional.
T. Thiemann
Identification ofCorynebacterium jeikeium andCorynebacterium CDC group D 2 with the API 20 strep system
A total of 170 strains ofCorynebacterium jeikeium and 23 strains ofCorynebacterium...group D2 were examined in three British laboratories using the API 20 Strep identification system and three supplementary...Cor...
G. Tillotson; M. Arora; M. Robbins…
Gravity Waves in the Sun
We present numerical simulations of penetrative convection and gravity wave excitation in the Sun. Gravity waves are self-consistently generated by a convective zone overlying a radiative interior. We produce power spectra for gravity waves in the radiative region as well as estimates for the energy flux of gravity waves below the convection zone. We calculate a peak energy flux in waves below the convection zone to be three orders of magnitude smaller than previous estimates for m=1. The simulations show that the linear dispersion relation is a good approximation only deep below the convective-radiative boundary. Both low frequency propagating gravity waves as well as higher frequency standing modes are generated; although we find that convection does not continually drive the standing g-mode frequencies.
Tamara M. Rogers; Gary A. Glatzmaier
Dry coating of micronized API powders for improved dissolution of directly compacted tablets with high drug loading
Motivated by our recent study showing improved flow and dissolution rate of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) powders (20 ?m) produced via simultaneous micronization and surface modification through continuous fluid energy milling (FEM) process, the performance of blends and direct compacted tablets with high drug loading is examined. Performance of 50 ?m API powders dry coated without micronization is also considered for comparison. Blends of micronized, non-micronized, dry coated or uncoated API powders at 30, 60 and 70% drug loading, are examined. The results show that the blends containing dry coated API powders, even micronized ones, have excellent flowability and high bulk density compared to the blends containing uncoated API, which are required for direct compaction. As the drug loading increases, the difference between dry coated and uncoated blends is more pronounced, as seen in the proposed bulk density-FFC phase map. Dry coating led to improved tablet compactibility profiles, corresponding with the improvements in blend compressibility. The most significant advantage is in tablet dissolution where for all drug loadings, the t80 for the tablets with dry coated \\{APIs\\} was well under 5 min, indicating that this approach can produce nearly instant release direct compacted tablets at high drug loadings.
Xi Han; Chinmay Ghoroi; Rajesh Davé
Quantity comparison of concurrency control methods for XML database systems based on DOM API
Existing works on processing of eXtensible Markup Language (XML) documents have been concentrated on query optimisation, storage problems, documents transformation, compressing methods and normalisation. There are only few papers on concurrency control in accessing and modifying XML documents, which are stored in XML database systems. The aim of this paper is to analyse and compare the quantity of concurrency control methods for XML database systems based on DOM API.
Krzysztof Jankiewicz; Aleksandra Siekierska; Maciej Siekierski
Synergistic effect of stray current and stress on corrosion of API X65 steel
Abstract The effect of stray current and stress on corrosion of API X65 steel in simulated solution of the alkaline soil in Daqing in China was investigated using corrosion potential test, potentiodynamic polarization measurement, as well as surface analysis techniques. A mathematical relationship between corrosion rate and yield strength, direct current (DC) stray current density was obtained by multiple linear regression. The results demonstrate that, the corrosion potential of API X65 steel with and without superimposed DC stray current all shifted negatively, and the corrosion current density increases with the enhancement of tensile stress in solution. The corrosion current density under the synergistic effect of stress and stray current is much higher than corrosion current density that single factor (stress or stray current) induced. Comparing with the stress, the effect of stray current on corrosion rate of API X65 steel is more significant in elastic deformation. Mutation in corrosion potential and corrosion rate appeared when the strain reaches plastic deformation. This work provides reference suggestion for pipeline safety design and operation, where the corrosion enhancement due to the synergistic effect of stray current and stress should be considered.
Xinhua Wang; Xinghua Tang; Liwei Wang; Cui Wang; Wenqing Zhou
SAGA: A Simple API for Grid Applications -- High-Level ApplicationProgramming on the Grid
Grid technology has matured considerably over the past fewyears. Progress in both implementation and standardization is reaching alevel of robustness that enables production quality deployments of gridservices in the academic research community with heightened interest andearly adoption in the industrial community. Despite this progress, gridapplications are far from ubiquitous, and new applications require anenormous amount of programming effort just to see first light. A keyimpediment to accelerated deployment of grid applications is the scarcityof high-level application programming abstractions that bridge the gapbetween existing grid middle-ware and application-level needs. The SimpleAPI for Grid Applications (SAGA [1]) is a GGF standardization effort thataddresses this particular gap by providing a simple, stable, and uniformprogramming interface that integrates the most common grid programmingabstractions. These most common abstractions were identified through theanalysis of several existing and emerging Grid applications. In thisarticle, we present the SAGA effort, describe its relationship to otherGrid API efforts within the GGF community, and introduce the first draftof the API using some application programming examples.
Goodale, Tom; Jha, Shantenu; Kaiser, Hartmut; Kielmann, Thilo; Kleijer, Pascal; von Laszewski, Gregor; Lee, Craig; Merzky, Andre; Rajic,Hrabri; Shalf, John
90 lbs 90 lbs Delivered Curb Weight: 2936 lbs Distribution F/R: 59/41 % GVWR: 3795 lbs GAWR F/R: 2335/2250 lbs Payload: 905 lbs Performance Goal: 400 lbs DIMENSIONS Wheelbase: 106 inches Track F/R: 59/58 inches Length: 175 inches Width: 67 inches Height: 57.8 inches Ground Clearance: 4.3 inches Performance Goal: 5.0 inches TIRES Tire Mfg: Goodyear Tire Model: Integrity Tire Size: P185/65R15 Tire Pressure F/R: 35/33 psi
40 lbs 40 lbs Delivered Curb Weight: 3556 lbs Distribution F/R: 58/42 % GVWR: 4665 lbs GAWR F/R: Unavailable Payload: 1109 lbs Performance Goal: 400 lbs DIMENSIONS Wheelbase: 109.3 in Track F/R: 62.0/61.6 in Length: 189.2 in Width: 71.7 in Height: 57.9 in Ground Clearance: 5.9 in Performance Goal: 5.0 in TIRES Tire Mfg: Michellin Tire Model: Energy MXV458 Tire Size: P215/60R16 Tire Pressure F/R: 32/32
5650 lbs 5650 lbs Delivered Curb Weight: 5579 lbs Distribution F/R: 51.8/48.2 GVWR: 7100 lbs GAWR F/R: 3200/4100 lbs Payload: 1521 lbs Performance Goal: 400 lbs DIMENSIONS Wheelbase: 116.0 in Track F/R: 68.2/67.0 in Length: 202.0 in Width: 79.0 in Height: 74.6 in Ground Clearance: 9.5 in Performance Goal: 5.0 in TIRES Tire Mfg: Bridgestone Tire Model: Dueler H/R Tire Size: P265/65R18 Tire Pressure F/R: 32 psi
27 lbs 27 lbs Delivered Curb Weight: 3618 lbs Distribution F/R: 58/42 % GVWR: 4680 lbs GAWR F/R: 2440/2440 lbs Payload: 1062 lbs Performance Goal: 400 lbs DIMENSIONS Wheelbase: 103.2 inches Track F/R: 61.1/60.2 inches Length: 174.5 inches Width: 71.4 inches Height: 69.5 inches Ground Clearance: 7.8 inches Performance Goal: 5.0 inches TIRES Tire Mfg: Continental Tire Model: EcoPlus Tire Size: P235/70R16
3474 lbs 3474 lbs Delivered Curb Weight: 3435 lbs GVWR: 4718 lbs GAWR F/R: 2491/2436 lbs Distribution F/R: % Payload: 1283 lbs Performance Goal: 400 lbs DIMENSIONS Wheelbase: 106.6 in Track F/R: 61.0/61.0 in Length: 181.3 in Width: 71.6 in Height: 65.3 in Ground Clearance: 7.0 in Performance Goal: 5.0 in TIRES Tire Mfg: General Tire Model: Ameri GS60 Tire Size: P215/70R16 Tire Pressure F/R: 35/35 psi
Proposal for a Data Management API within the GridRPC Y. Caniou, E. Caron, F. Desprez, G. Le Mahec, H. Nakada and Y. Tanimura
Proposal for a Data Management API within the GridRPC Y. Caniou, E. Caron, F. Desprez, G. Le Mahec.92:2010-03-21) provides a recommendation to the Grid community on a proposed model and API for data management to Grid This document follows the document produced by the GridRPC-WG on GridRPC Model and API for End-User applications
Duals of Weighted Exponential Systems
The paper considers the basis and frame properties of the system of weighted exponentials ... Keywords: 42C15, 46C99, Frames, Gabor systems, Overcompleteness, Riesz bases, Weighted exponentials
Gang Joon Yoon; Christopher Heil
Viscosity-average molecular weight
n .... An averaged molecular weight for high polymers that relates most closely to measurements of dilute-solution viscosities ...
Gravity Techniques | Open Energy Information
Gravity Techniques Gravity Techniques Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Exploration Technique: Gravity Techniques Details Activities (0) Areas (0) Regions (0) NEPA(1) Exploration Technique Information Exploration Group: Geophysical Techniques Exploration Sub Group: Gravity Techniques Parent Exploration Technique: Geophysical Techniques Information Provided by Technique Lithology: Distribution of density in the subsurface enables inference of rock type. Stratigraphic/Structural: Delineation of steeply dipping formations, geological discontinuities and faults, intrusions and the deposition of silicates due to hydrothermal activity. Hydrological: Density of sedimentary rocks are strongly influenced by fluid contained within pore space. Dry bulk density refers to the rock with no moisture, while the wet bulk density accounts for water saturation; fluid content may alter density by up to 30%.(Sharma, 1997)
Hamilton Weights and Petersen Minors
Hamilton Weights and Petersen Minors Hong-Jian Lai and Cun-Quan Zhangy DEPARTMENT OF email@example.com Received April 18, 1997 Abstract: A (1, 2)-eulerian weight w of a cubic graph is called a Hamilton weight if every faithful circuit cover of the graph with respect to w is a set of two Hamilton circuits. Let G
Lai, Hong-jian
Overview of Recent Developments on Generic Security Services Applica... http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/cse571-07/ftp/gss-api/ 1 of 9 12/19/2007 5:12 PM
://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/cse571-07/ftp/gss-api/ 1 of 9 12/19/2007 5:12 PM Overview of Recent Developments on Generic Security Security Service Application Programming Interface (GSS-API). After ten years of experience with GSS-API, the Kitten (GSS-API Next Generation) Working Group was formed to continue this development. This paper looks
Jain, Raj
pdfcrowd.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Subject.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Aspects of Field Theory S. Trivedi
Chimeras of Bet v 1 and Api g 1 reveal heterogeneous IgE responses in patients with birch pollen allergy
Background Characterization of IgE-binding epitopes of allergens and determination of their patient-specific relevance is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of allergy. Objective We sought to assess the contribution of specific surface areas of the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1.0101 to binding IgE of individual patients. Methods Four distinct areas of Bet v 1 representing in total 81% of its surface were grafted onto the scaffold of its homolog, Api g 1.0101, to yield the chimeras Api-Bet-1 to Api-Bet-4. The chimeras were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. IgE binding of 64 sera from Bet v 1–sensitized subjects with birch pollen allergy was determined by using direct ELISA. Specificity was assessed by means of inhibition ELISA. Results rApi g 1.0101, Api-Bet-1, Api-Bet-2, Api-Bet-3, and Api-Bet-4 bound IgE from 44%, 89%, 80%, 78%, and 48% of the patients, respectively. By comparing the amount of IgE binding to the chimeras and to rApi g 1.0101, 81%, 70%, 75%, and 45% of the patients showed significantly enhanced IgE binding to Api-Bet-1, Api-Bet-2, Api-Bet-3, and Api-Bet-4, respectively. The minority (8%) of the sera revealed enhanced IgE binding exclusively to a single chimera, whereas 31% showed increased IgE binding to all 4 chimeras compared with rApi g 1.0101. The chimeras inhibited up to 70% of IgE binding to rBet v 1.0101, confirming the specific IgE recognition of the grafted regions. Conclusion The Bet v 1–specific IgE response is polyclonal, and epitopes are spread across the entire Bet v 1 surface. Furthermore, the IgE recognition profile of Bet v 1 is highly patient specific.
Barbara Gepp; Nina Lengger; Merima Bublin; Wolfgang Hemmer; Heimo Breiteneder; Christian Radauer
Sulfur Content, Weighted Average Refinery Crude Oil Input Qualities
(Percent) (Percent) Type: Sulfur Content API Gravity Period: Monthly Annual Download Series History Download Series History Definitions, Sources & Notes Definitions, Sources & Notes Show Data By: Type Area Apr-13 May-13 Jun-13 Jul-13 Aug-13 Sep-13 View History U.S. 1.43 1.38 1.41 1.43 1.47 1.42 1985-2013 PADD 1 0.75 0.73 0.69 0.68 0.73 0.68 1985-2013 East Coast 0.67 0.66 0.61 0.63 0.66 0.57 1985-2013 Appalachian No. 1 2.0 1.72 1.52 1.40 1.55 1.74 1985-2013 PADD 2 1.42 1.34 1.44 1.46 1.61 1.49 1985-2013 Ind., Ill. and Ky. 1.45 1.36 1.47 1.56 1.75 1.67 1985-2013 Minn., Wis., N. Dak., S. Dak. 2.33 2.11 2.18 2.03 2.01 1.69 1985-2013 Okla., Kans., Mo. 0.89 0.89 0.92 0.82 0.87 0.85 1985-2013 PADD 3 1.54 1.48 1.51 1.52 1.54 1.48 1985-2013
Holographic Polarons, the Metal-Insulator Transition and Massive Gravity
Massive gravity is holographically dual to `realistic' materials with momentum relaxation. The dual graviton potential encodes the phonon dynamics and it allows for a much broader diversity than considered so far. We construct a simple family of isotropic and homogeneous materials that exhibit an interaction-driven Metal-Insulator transition. The transition is triggered by the formation of polarons -- phonon-electron quasi-bound states that dominate the conductivities, shifting the spectral weight above a mass gap. We characterize the polaron gap, width and dispersion.
Baggioli, Matteo
Matteo Baggioli; Oriol Pujolas
Abstract B240: Combined gefitinib and API-2 induced interaction of DNA-PK with EGFR and Akt, leading to impaired DNA-PK-mediated DNA repair and increased autophagy.
Khong Bee Kang; Congju Zhu; Yin Ling Wong; Sook Kwin Yong; Meng Cheong Wong
HDF5-FastQuery: An API for Simplifying Access to Data Storage,Retrieval, Indexing and Querying
This work focuses on research and development activities that bridge a gap between fundamental data management technology index, query, storage and retrieval and use of such technology in computational and computer science algorithms and applications. The work has resulted in a streamlined applications programming interface (API) that simplifies data storage and retrieval using the HDF5 data I/O library, and eases use of the FastBit compressed bitmap indexing software for data indexing/querying. The API, which we call HDF5-FastQuery, will have broad applications in domain sciences as well as associated data analysis and visualization applications.
Bethel, E. Wes; Gosink, Luke; Shalf, John; Stockinger, Kurt; Wu,Kesheng
Designing surveys for tests of gravity
...Bean and Andrew Taylor Designing surveys for tests of gravity Bhuvnesh Jain * * bjain@physics...that the observational programme developed to test dark energy needs to be augmented to capture new tests of gravity on astrophysical scales. Several...
Kerr geometry in f(T) gravity
Null tetrads are shown to be a valuable tool in teleparallel theories of modified gravity. We use them to prove that Kerr geometry remains a solution for a wide family of f(T) theories of gravity.
Cecilia Bejarano; Rafael Ferraro; María José Guzmán
Experimental study of hot deformation behavior in API X65 steel
The hot deformation behavior of API X65 steel was investigated by hot compression tests. A temperature range between 950 and 1150 °C was used for experiments with different strain rates of 0.01, 0.1 and 1 s?1. The obtained flow curves were used together with work hardening rate analyses to study the dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behavior of the tested steel. The retardation of DRX in higher Zener–Hollomon parameter (Z) values was observed. In lower Z values however, transition from single peak DRX to multiple peaks DRX occurred. Different constitutive equations, including the power law, the exponential law and the hyperbolic sine law were used to express the Z parameter as a function of the peak stress. A new procedure was proposed to determine the optimum value of stress multiplier (?) in the hyperbolic sine law equation. This equation with the proposed procedure had the best performance for modeling the DRX behavior of API X65 steel. Furthermore, the relationship between the Z parameter and the peak stress was investigated using the power law relation. This gave the Z exponent of 0.173 for peak stress and 0.153 for peak strain. The normalized critical stress and strain for initiation of DRX were found to be 0.89 and 0.6, respectively. The obtained results are in general consistent with the experimental results from similar works.
M. Rakhshkhorshid; S.H. Hashemi
LBMD : a layer-based mesh data structure tailored for generic API infrastructures.
A new mesh data structure is introduced for the purpose of mesh processing in Application Programming Interface (API) infrastructures. This data structure utilizes a reduced mesh representation to increase its ability to handle significantly larger meshes compared to full mesh representation. In spite of the reduced representation, each mesh entity (vertex, edge, face, and region) is represented using a unique handle, with no extra storage cost, which is a crucial requirement in most API libraries. The concept of mesh layers makes the data structure more flexible for mesh generation and mesh modification operations. This flexibility can have a favorable impact in solver based queries of finite volume and multigrid methods. The capabilities of LBMD make it even more attractive for parallel implementations using Message Passing Interface (MPI) or Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). The data structure is associated with a new classification method to relate mesh entities to their corresponding geometrical entities. The classification technique stores the related information at the node level without introducing any ambiguities. Several examples are presented to illustrate the strength of this new data structure.
Ebeida, Mohamed S.; Knupp, Patrick Michael
Modified gravity and the CMB
We consider the effect of modified gravity on the peak structure of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) spectrum. We focus on simple models of modified gravity mediated by a massive scalar field coupled to both baryons and cold dark matter. This captures the features of chameleon, symmetron, dilaton, and f(R) models. We find that the CMB peaks can be affected in three independent ways provided the Compton radius of the massive scalar is not far-off the sound horizon at last scattering. When the coupling of the massive scalar to cold dark matter is large, the anomalous growth of the cold dark matter perturbation inside the Compton radius induces a change in the peak amplitudes. When the coupling to baryons is moderately large, the speed of sound is modified and the peaks shifted to higher momenta. Finally when both couplings are nonvanishing, a new contribution proportional to the Newton potential appears in the Sachs-Wolfe temperature and increases the peak amplitudes. We also show how, given any temporal evolution of the scalar field mass, one can engineer a corresponding modified gravity model of the chameleon type. This opens up the possibility of having independent constraints on modified gravity from the CMB peaks and large scale structures at low redshifts.
Philippe Brax and Anne-Christine Davis
MapGraph: A High Level API for Fast Development of High Performance Graph Analytics on GPUs
High performance graph analytics are critical for a long list of application domains. In recent years, the rapid advancement of many-core processors, in particular graphical processing units (GPUs), has sparked a broad interest in developing high performance ... Keywords: GPU, Graph analytics, high-level API
Zhisong Fu; Michael Personick; Bryan Thompson
Monitoring of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Bees (Apis mellifera) and Honey in Urban Areas and Wildlife Reserves
Monitoring of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Bees (Apis mellifera) and Honey in Urban Areas and Wildlife Reserves ... In fact, rain and wind can clean the flowers and transfer the pollutants to other environmental sectors, and it is also important to consider that the nectar flow, which is usually greater in the spring than in the summer and autumn, could dilute the pollutants. ...
Monia Perugini; Gabriella Di Serafino; Alessandra Giacomelli; Piotr Medrzycki; Anna Gloria Sabatini; Livia Persano Oddo; Enzo Marinelli; Michele Amorena
A commercial project for private investments. Update of the 280 MW api Energia IGCC plant construction in central Italy.
This paper has the aim to give a general overview of the api Energia IGCC project starting from the project background in 1992 and ending with the progress of construction. api Energia S.p.A., a joint VENTURE between api anonima petroli italiana S.p.A., Roma, Italy (51%), ABB Sae Sadelmi S.p.A., Milano, Italy (25%) and Texaco Development Corporation (24%), is building a 280 MW Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle plant in the api refinery at Falconara Marittima, on Italy' s Adriatic coast, using heavy oil residues. The plant is based on the modern concept of employing a highly efficient combined cycle power plant fed with a low heating value fuel gas produced by gasifying heavy refinery residues. This scheme provides consistent advantages in terms of efficiency and environmental impact over alternative applications of the refinery residues. The electric power produced will feed the national grid. The project has been financed using the ``project financing'' scheme: over 1,000 billion Lira, representing 75% of the overall capital requirement, have been provided by a pool of international banks. In November 1996 the project reached financial closure and immediately after the detailed design and procurement activities started. Engineering, Procurement and Construction activities, carried out by a Consortium of companies of the ABB group, are totally in line with the schedule. Commercial operation of the plant, is scheduled for November 1999.
Del Bravo, R.; Pinacci, P.; Trifilo, R.
How energy-efficient is your cloud app? Energy measurements in virtualized environments with PowerAPI
How energy-efficient is your cloud app? Energy measurements in virtualized environments with PowerAPI Context Energy-efficiency major concern in data centers Existing approaches work for physical servers specific Determine the formula by polynomial regression with the help of a power meter Host VM /dev/virtio-ports/port
On-line near infrared spectroscopy as a Process Analytical Technology (PAT) tool to control an industrial seeded API crystallization
Abstract The final step of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) manufacturing synthesis process consists of a crystallization during which the API and residual solvent contents have to be quantified precisely in order to reach a predefined seeding point. A feasibility study was conducted to demonstrate the suitability of on-line NIR spectroscopy to control this step in line with new version of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) guideline [1]. A quantitative method was developed at laboratory scale using statistical design of experiments (DOE) and multivariate data analysis such as principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) regression. NIR models were built to quantify the API in the range of 9–12% (w/w) and to quantify the residual methanol in the range of 0–3% (w/w). To improve the predictive ability of the models, the development procedure encompassed: outliers elimination, optimum model rank definition, spectral range and spectral pre-treatment selection. Conventional criteria such as, number of PLS factors, R2, root mean square errors of calibration, cross-validation and prediction (RMSEC, RMSECV, RMSEP) enabled the selection of three model candidates. These models were tested in the industrial pilot plant during three technical campaigns. Results of the most suitable models were evaluated against to the chromatographic reference methods. Maximum relative bias of 2.88% was obtained about API target content. Absolute bias of 0.01 and 0.02% (w/w) respectively were achieved at methanol content levels of 0.10 and 0.13% (w/w). The repeatability was assessed as sufficient for the on-line monitoring of the 2 analytes. The present feasibility study confirmed the possibility to use on-line NIR spectroscopy as a PAT tool to monitor in real-time both the API and the residual methanol contents, in order to control the seeding of an API crystallization at industrial scale. Furthermore, the successful scale-up of the method proved its capability to be implemented in the manufacturing plant with the launch of the new API process.
C. Schaefer; C. Lecomte; D. Clicq; A. Merschaert; E. Norrant; F. Fotiadu
Firefly algorithm assisted optimised NN to predict the elongation of API X65 pipeline steel
Selection of a proper neural network structure is a complicated work that is often done through the trial-and-error method. In this research, a three layer neural network with feed forward topology and back propagation algorithm is considered as a basic neural network model. The number of neurons in hidden layer, the activation function, the training algorithm and the normalisation procedure are considered as the parameters of the optimisation problem. A proper fitness function is defined and the process of finding the best combination of theses optimisation parameters, based on firefly algorithm, is presented. The proposed procedure is used to find an optimised neural network to predict the elongation of API X65 pipeline steel. The optimised neural network is used to investigate the effects of Ni and microalloying elements on the elongation of the tested steel. The results are in general agreement with the other published works.
Masoud Rakhshkhorshid; Sayyed Hojjat Hashemi
Uniform job monitoring in the HPC-Europa project: data model, API and services
Job monitoring in Grid systems presents an important challenge because Grid environments are volatile, heterogeneous, not reliable and are managed by different middleware and monitoring tools. We present the infrastructure that we have designed and implemented in the HPC-Europa European project, which allows uniform access to job-monitoring information from different Virtual Organisations (VOs). The presented system introduces the user to the complexities of the underlying systems of each middleware. The API that each centre has to implement for providing access to its job-monitoring information is explained. Finally, we show all the features that a user can use in the portal to personalise his/her monitoring environment, i.e., to choose how and which information has to be presented.
F. Guim; I. Rodero; J. Corbalan; J. Labarta; A. Oleksiak; T. Kuczynski; D. Szejnfeld; J. Nabrzyski
Ising-link Regge gravity
We define a simplified version of Regge quantum gravity where the link lengths can take on only two possible values, both always compatible with the triangle inequalities. This is therefore equivalent to a model of Ising spins living on the links of a regular lattice with somewhat complicated, yet local interactions. The measure corresponds to the natural sum over all 2?links configurations, and numerical simulations can be efficiently implemented by means of look-up tables. In three dimensions we find a peak in the ''curvature susceptibility'' which grows with increasing system size. The value of the corresponding critical exponent appears to vary with the cosmological constant ?, agreeing with Regge gravity for at least one value of ?. However, the curvature does not go to zero at the transition.
Tom Fleming; Mark Gross; Ray Renken
Dynamical 3-Space: Emergent Gravity
The laws of gravitation devised by Newton, and by Hilbert and Einstein, have failed many experimental and observational tests, namely the bore hole g anomaly, flat rotation curves for spiral galaxies, supermassive black hole mass spectrum, uniformly expanding universe, cosmic filaments, laboratory G measurements, galactic EM bending, precocious galaxy formation,.. The response has been the introduction of the new epicycles: ``dark matter", ``dark energy", and others. To understand gravity we must restart with the experimental discoveries by Galileo, and following a heuristic argument we are led to a uniquely determined theory of a dynamical 3-space. That 3-space exists has been missed from the beginning of physics, although it was 1st directly detected by Michelson and Morley in 1887. Uniquely generalising the quantum theory to include this dynamical 3-space we deduce the response of quantum matter and show that it results in a new account of gravity, and explains the above anomalies and others. The dynamical...
Cahill, Reginald T
Supersymmetry in 5D gravity
We study a 5d gravity theory with a warped metric and show that two N=2 supersymmetric quantum-mechanical systems are hidden in the 4d spectrum. The supersymmetry can be regarded as a remnant of higher-dimensional general coordinate invariance and turns out to become a powerful tool to determine the physical 4d spectrum and the allowed boundary conditions. Possible extensions of the N=2 supersymmetry are briefly discussed.
C. S. Lim; Tomoaki Nagasawa; Satoshi Ohya; Kazuki Sakamoto; Makoto Sakamoto
Supersymmetry in 5d Gravity
We study a 5d gravity theory with a warped metric and show that two N = 2 supersymmetric quantum-mechanical systems are hidden in the 4d spectrum. The supersymmetry can be regarded as a remnant of higher-dimensional general coordinate invariance and turns out to become a powerful tool to determine the physical 4d spectrum and the allowed boundary conditions. Possible extensions of the N = 2 supersymmetry are briefly discussed.
Lim, C S; Ohya, Satoshi; Sakamoto, Kazuki; Sakamoto, Makoto
Pollination of strawberry by the stingless bee,Trigona minangkabau, and the honey bee,Apis mellifera: An experimental study of fertilization efficiency
To know basic information about the stingless bee,Trigona minangkabau, and the European honey bee,Apis mellifera, as pollinator of strawberry, we set three greenhouse areas: the honey bee introduced area, the sti...
Takehiko Kakutani; Tamiji Inoue; Toshiyuki Tezuka…
Growth histories in bimetric massive gravity
We perform cosmological perturbation theory in Hassan-Rosen bimetric gravity for general homogeneous and isotropic backgrounds. In the de Sitter approximation, we obtain decoupled sets of massless and massive scalar gravitational fluctuations. Matter perturbations then evolve like in Einstein gravity. We perturb the future de Sitter regime by the ratio of matter to dark energy, producing quasi-de Sitter space. In this more general setting the massive and massless fluctuations mix. We argue that in the quasi-de Sitter regime, the growth of structure in bimetric gravity differs from that of Einstein gravity.
Berg, Marcus; Buchberger, Igor [Department of Physics, Karlstad University, 651 88 Karlstad (Sweden); Enander, Jonas; Mörtsell, Edvard; Sjörs, Stefan, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com [Oskar Klein Center, Stockholm University, Albanova University Center, 106 91 Stockholm (Sweden)
Cosmological Acceleration: Dark Energy or Modified Gravity?
We review the evidence for recently accelerating cosmological expansion or "dark energy", either a negative pressure constituent in General Relativity (Dark Energy) or modified gravity (Dark Gravity), without any Dark Energy constituent. If constituent Dark Energy does not exist, so that our universe is now dominated by pressure-free matter, Einstein gravity must be modified at low curvature. The vacuum symmetry of any Robertson-Walker universe then characterizes Dark Gravity as low- or high-curvature modifications of Einstein gravity. The dynamics of either kind of "dark energy" cannot be derived from the homogeneous expansion alone, but requires also observing the growth of inhomogeneities. Present and projected observations are all consistent with a small fine tuned cosmological constant, with nearly static Dark Energy, or with gravity modified at cosmological scales. The growth of cosmological fluctuations will potentially distinguish static "dark energy" from dynamic "dark energy" with equation of state $w(z)$ either changing rapidly or tracking the background matter. But to cosmologically distinguish $\\Lambda$CDM from modified gravity will require a weak lensing shear survey more ambitious than any now projected. Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati modifications of Einstein gravity may also be detected in refined bservations in the solar system or at the intermediate Vainstein scale. Dark Energy's epicyclic character, failure to explain the original Cosmic Coincidence ("Why now?") without fine tuning, inaccessibility to laboratory or solar system tests, along with braneworld theories, now motivate future precision solar system, Vainstein-scale and cosmological-scale studies of Dark Gravity.
Sidney Bludman
Bouguer gravity map | Open Energy Information
Bouguer gravity map. Map. Denver, Colorado. U.S. Geological Survey. () . Black & White. Scale 1:500,000. Retrieved from "http:en.openei.orgwindex.php?titleBouguergravi...
Doubly Special Relativity and quantum gravity phenomenology
I review the conceptual, algebraical, and geometrical structure of Doubly Special Relativity. I also speculate about the possible relevance of DSR for quantum gravity phenomenology.
J. Kowalski-Glikman
Comparative analysis of failure probability for ethylene cracking furnace tube using Monte Carlo and API RBI technology
Abstract Ethylene cracking furnace tube is one of the most critical components in the petrochemical industry to crack molecules at high temperature. The furnace tube degrades easily during operations which would cause equipment failure and lead to serious consequences, such as fire and explosion. In this work, a quantitative analysis of failure probability for the ethylene cracking furnace tube is performed using the Monte Carlo method and API Risk-Based Inspection (RBI) technology. The results have shown that the operation life of ethylene cracking furnace tube under interaction of creep and carburization is less than that under creep, and the failure probability calculated based on API RBI technology is lower than that using the Monte Carlo method. Moreover, the comparative analysis results prove further that creep and carburization are two main failure modes of the furnace tube rupture. Therefore, it is very necessary to provide reliable data to perform risk assessment and inspections on ethylene cracking furnace tube.
Wenhe Wang; Kaiwu Liang; Changyou Wang; Qingsheng Wang
Generalized second law in the modified theory of gravity
In the context of modified theory of gravity [f(R) gravity], we try to study the conditions needed for validity of the generalized second law.
Mohseni Sadjadi, H. [Department of Physics, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395-547, Tehran 14399-55961 (Iran, Islamic Republic of)
Conserved charges in 3D gravity
The covariant canonical expression for the conserved charges, proposed by Nester, is tested on several solutions in three-dimensional gravity with or without torsion and topologically massive gravity. In each of these cases, the calculated values of energy momentum and angular momentum are found to satisfy the first law of black hole thermodynamics.
M. Blagojevi? and B. Cvetkovi?
Quantum Gravity Phenomenology and Lorentz Violation
If quantum gravity violates Lorentz symmetry, the prospects for observational guidance in understanding quantum gravity improve considerably. This article briefly reviews previous work on Lorentz violation (LV) and discusses aspects of the effective field theory framework for parametrizing LV effects. Current observational constraints on LV are then summarized, focusing on effects in QED at order E/M_Planck.
Ted Jacobson; Stefano Liberati; David Mattingly
Blagojevic, M.; Cvetkovic, B. [University of Belgrade, Institute of Physics, P. O. Box 57, 11001 Belgrade (Serbia)
Quantum Gravity Phenomenology, Lorentz Invariance and Discreteness
Quantum Gravity Phenomenology, Lorentz Invariance and Discreteness Fay Dowker #3; , Joe Henson y invariant, and we recall the reasons why. For illustration, we introduce a phenomenological model of massive { LLI violating phenomenological e#11;ects of quantum gravity { has grown up around this idea
Sorkin, Rafael Dolnick
Gravity's Rainbow induces Topology Change
In this work, we explore the possibility that quantum fluctuations induce a topology change, in the context of Gravity's Rainbow. A semi-classical approach is adopted, where the graviton one-loop contribution to a classical energy in a background spacetime is computed through a variational approach with Gaussian trial wave functionals. The energy density of the graviton one-loop contribution, or equivalently the background spacetime, is then let to evolve, and consequently the classical energy is determined. More specifically, the background metric is fixed to be Minkowskian in the equation governing the quantum fluctuations, which behaves essentially as a backreaction equation, and the quantum fluctuations are let to evolve; the classical energy, which depends on the evolved metric functions, is then evaluated. Analysing this procedure, a natural ultraviolet (UV) cutoff is obtained, which forbids the presence of an interior spacetime region, and may result in a multipy-connected spacetime. Thus, in the context of Gravity's Rainbow, this process may be interpreted as a change in topology, and in principle results in the presence of a Planckian wormhole.
Remo Garattini; Francisco S. N. Lobo
Threat Mitigation: The Gravity Tractor
The Gravity Tractor (GT) is a fully controlled asteroid deflection concept using the mutual gravity between a robotic spacecraft and an asteroid to slowly accelerate the asteroid in the direction of the "hovering" spacecraft. Based on early warning, provided by ground tracking and orbit prediction, it would be deployed a decade or more prior to a potential impact. Ion engines would be utilized for both the rendezvous with the asteroid and the towing phase. Since the GT does not dock with or otherwise physically contact the asteroid during the deflection process there is no requirement for knowledge of the asteroid's shape, composition, rotation state or other "conventional" characteristics. The GT would first reduce the uncertainty in the orbit of the asteroid via Earth tracking of its radio transponder while station keeping with the asteroid. If, after analysis of the more precise asteroid orbit a deflection is indeed indicated, the GT would "hover" above the surface of the asteroid in the direction of the required acceleration vector for a duration adequate to achieve the desired velocity change. The orbit of the asteroid is continuously monitored throughout the deflection process and the end state is known in real time. The performance envelope for the GT includes most NEOs which experience close gravitational encounters prior to impact and those below 150-200 meters in diameter on a direct Earth impact trajectory.
Russell Schweickart; Clark Chapman; Dan Durda; Piet Hut
Gravity Dual of Superconformal Anomaly
The supergravity dual of superconformal anomaly in a four-dimensional supersymmetric gauge theory is investigated. We consider a well-established dual correspondence between the ${\\cal N}=1$ $SU(N+M)\\times SU(N)$ supersymmetric gauge theory with two flavors of matter fields in the bifundamental representation of gauge group and the type IIB superstring in the space-time background furnished by the Klebanov-Strassler (K-S) solution. The D-brane configuration for these two dual theories consists of N D3 branes and M fractional $D3$ branes in the singular space-time composed of a direct product of M^4 and a six-dimensional conifold ${\\cal C}_6$ with the base $T^{1,1}$. The superconformal anomaly originate from fractional branes frozen at the apex of ${\\cal C}_6$. While on the gravity side, the fractional branes deform the $AdS_5\\times T^{1,1}$ space-time background and partially break local supersymmetry of type IIB supergravity. We find that the deformation on $AdS_5\\times T^{1,1}$ leads to the spontaneous breaking local symmetries in gauged AdS_5 supergravity and consequently a super-Higgs mechanism arises. We thus conclude that the super-Higgs mechanism in gauged supergravity is dual to the superconformal anomaly of supersymmetric gauge theory in terms of gauge/gravity correspondence.
W. F. Chen
Anisotropy of Charpy Properties in API-X80 Steels MinSung Jooa, Dong-Woo Suha, Jin-Ho Baeb and H. K. D. H. Bhadeshiaa,c
Anisotropy of Charpy Properties in API-X80 Steels MinSung Jooa, Dong-Woo Suha, Jin-Ho Baeb and H. K~724 MPa Yield Ratio 93 % 81~87 % CVN Energy at -40°C 110 J 300~350 J API-X80 Steel Fe-(0.05~0.07)C-0. Anisotropic behavior in Charpy toughness of API-X80 steel Summary 2010 Autumn Conference of the Korean
Airborne Gravity Survey | Open Energy Information
Airborne Gravity Survey Airborne Gravity Survey Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Exploration Technique: Airborne Gravity Survey Details Activities (0) Areas (0) Regions (0) NEPA(0) Exploration Technique Information Exploration Group: Geophysical Techniques Exploration Sub Group: Gravity Techniques Parent Exploration Technique: Gravity Techniques Information Provided by Technique Lithology: Distribution of density in the subsurface enables inference of rock type. Stratigraphic/Structural: Delineation of steeply dipping formations, geological discontinuities and faults, intrusions and the deposition of silicates due to hydrothermal activity. Hydrological: Density of sedimentary rocks are strongly influenced by fluid contained within pore space. Dry bulk density refers to the rock with no moisture, while the wet bulk density accounts for water saturation; fluid content may alter density by up to 30%.(Sharma, 1997)
Definition: Ground Gravity Survey | Open Energy Information
Definition Definition Edit with form History Facebook icon Twitter icon » Definition: Ground Gravity Survey Jump to: navigation, search Dictionary.png Ground Gravity Survey The ground gravitational method is the study of the distribution of mass in the subsurface with the observation point at the earth's surface.[1] View on Wikipedia Wikipedia Definition A gravity anomaly is the difference between the observed acceleration of a planet's gravity and a value predicted from a model. A location with a positive anomaly exhibits more gravity than predicted, while a negative anomaly exhibits a lower value than predicted. References ↑ http://www.amazon.com/Geophysical-Field-Theory-Three-Volume-Gravitational/dp/0124020410 Ret Like Like You like this.Sign Up to see what your friends like.
Ground Gravity Survey | Open Energy Information
Ground Gravity Survey Ground Gravity Survey Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Exploration Technique: Ground Gravity Survey Details Activities (48) Areas (34) Regions (2) NEPA(2) Exploration Technique Information Exploration Group: Geophysical Techniques Exploration Sub Group: Gravity Techniques Parent Exploration Technique: Gravity Techniques Information Provided by Technique Lithology: Distribution of density in the subsurface enables inference of rock type. Stratigraphic/Structural: Delineation of steeply dipping formations, geological discontinuities and faults, intrusions and large-scale deposition of silicates due to hydrothermal activity. Hydrological: Density of sedimentary rocks are strongly influenced by fluid contained within pore space. Dry bulk density refers to the rock with no moisture, while the wet bulk density accounts for water saturation; fluid content may alter density by up to 30%.(Sharma, 1997)
Ion source and beam guiding studies for an API neutron generator
Recently developed neutron imaging methods require high neutron yields for fast imaging times and small beam widths for good imaging resolution. For ion sources with low current density to be viable for these types of imaging methods, large extraction apertures and beam focusing must be used. We present recent work on the optimization of a Penning-type ion source for neutron generator applications. Two multi-cusp magnet configurations have been tested and are shown to increase the extracted ion current density over operation without multi-cusp magnetic fields. The use of multi-cusp magnetic confinement and gold electrode surfaces have resulted in increased ion current density, up to 2.2 mA/cm{sup 2}. Passive beam focusing using tapered dielectric capillaries has been explored due to its potential for beam compression without the cost and complexity issues associated with active focusing elements. Initial results from first experiments indicate the possibility of beam compression. Further work is required to evaluate the viability of such focusing methods for associated particle imaging (API) systems.
Sy, A. [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA and Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States); Ji, Q.; Persaud, A.; Ludewigt, B. A.; Schenkel, T. [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States)
Qualities Sulfur Content, Weighted Average (percent) 0.90 1.43 0.93 1.37 2.09 0.93 1.36 API Gravity, Weighted Average (degrees) 31.75 32.44 31.79 32.03 28.13 33.99 32.02 Operable...
TABLE28.CHP:Corel VENTURA
Sulfur Content, Weighted Average (percent) ... 0.93 1.58 0.96 1.40 2.26 0.86 1.40 API Gravity, Weighted Average (degrees) ... 32.05 31.65 32.03 31.65 27.43 35.27...
U.S. Refinery Crude Oil Input Qualities
Sulfur Content, Weighted Average (Percent) 1.47 1.46 1.42 1.44 1.51 1.46 1985-2014 API Gravity, Weighted Average (Degrees) 31.19 31.22 31.41 31.22 31.39 31.57 1985-2014 - ...
Qualities Sulfur Content, Weighted Average (percent) 0.60 1.52 0.66 1.32 2.11 0.84 1.32 API Gravity, Weighted Average (degrees) 33.23 32.25 33.17 32.25 26.84 34.45 32.02 Operable...
Sulfur Content, Weighted Average (Percent) 1.47 1.41 1.39 1.40 1.42 1.44 1985-2013 API Gravity, Weighted Average (Degrees) 30.21 30.34 30.71 30.69 31.0 30.79 1985-2013 - No...
Testing Relativistic Gravity with Radio Pulsars
Before the 1970s, precision tests for gravity theories were constrained to the weak gravitational fields of the Solar system. Hence, only the weak-field slow-motion aspects of relativistic celestial mechanics could be investigated. Testing gravity beyond the first post-Newtonian contributions was for a long time out of reach. The discovery of the first binary pulsar by Russell Hulse and Joseph Taylor in the summer of 1974 initiated a completely new field for testing the relativistic dynamics of gravitationally interacting bodies. For the first time the back reaction of gravitational wave emission on the binary motion could be studied. Furthermore, the Hulse-Taylor pulsar provided the first test bed for the orbital dynamics of strongly self-gravitating bodies. To date there are a number of pulsars known, which can be utilized for precision test of gravity. Depending on their orbital properties and their companion, these pulsars provide tests for various different aspects of relativistic dynamics. Besides tests of specific gravity theories, like general relativity or scalar-tensor gravity, there are pulsars that allow for generic constraints on potential deviations of gravity from general relativity in the quasi-stationary strong-field and the radiative regime. This article presents a brief overview of this modern field of relativistic celestial mechanics, reviews some of the highlights of gravity tests with radio pulsars, and discusses their implications for gravitational physics and astronomy, including the upcoming gravitational wave astronomy.
Norbert Wex
Dimensional Reduction in Quantum Gravity
The requirement that physical phenomena associated with gravitational collapse should be duly reconciled with the postulates of quantum mechanics implies that at a Planckian scale our world is not 3+1 dimensional. Rather, the observable degrees of freedom can best be described as if they were Boolean variables defined on a two-dimensional lattice, evolving with time. This observation, deduced from not much more than unitarity, entropy and counting arguments, implies severe restrictions on possible models of quantum gravity. Using cellular automata as an example it is argued that this dimensional reduction implies more constraints than the freedom we have in constructing models. This is the main reason why so-far no completely consistent mathematical models of quantum black holes have been found. Essay dedicated to Abdus Salam.
G. 't Hooft
--No Title--
Landed Costs of Imported Crude Oil by API Gravity (Dollars per Barrel) | | | | | | | Year | 20.0 |...
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 23. Domestic Crude Oil First Purchase Prices by API Gravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 24....
DOE/EIA-0487(98) Petroleum Marketing Annual
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 23. Domestic Crude Oil First Purchase Prices by API Gravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 24....
Loop Quantum Gravity 1. Classical framework : Ashtekar-Barbero connection
gravity Why Quantum Gravity ? Gravitation vs. Quantum Physics : the two infinities Gravitation : large Quantum Gravity ? Gravitation vs. Quantum Physics : the two infinities Gravitation : large scales-perturbative renormalization Gravity is not a fundamental theory but it is effective (law energy) · it has to be modified
Sart, Remi
Dynamical variables in Gauge-Translational Gravity
Assuming that the natural gauge group of gravity is given by the group of isometries of a given space, for a maximally symmetric space we derive a model in which gravity is essentially a gauge theory of translations. Starting from first principles we verify that a nonlinear realization of the symmetry provides the general structure of this gauge theory, leading to a simple choice of dynamical variables of the gravity field corresponding, at first order, to a diagonal matrix, whereas the non-diagonal elements contribute only to higher orders.
J. Julve; A. Tiemblo
Investigations in massive 3D gravity
Some interesting gravitational properties of the Bergshoeff-Hohm-Townsend model (massive 3D gravity), such as the presence of a short-range gravitational force in the nonrelativistic limit and the existence of an impact-parameter-dependent gravitational deflection angle, are studied. Interestingly enough, these phenomena have no counterpart in the usual Einstein 3D gravity. In order to better understand the two aforementioned gravitational properties, they are also analyzed in the framework of 3D higher-derivative gravity with the Einstein-Hilbert term with the 'wrong sign'.
Accioly, Antonio [Laboratorio de Fisica Experimental (LAFEX), Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas (CBPF), Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud 150, Urca, 22290-180, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Instituto de Fisica Teorica (IFT), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Dr. Bento Teobaldo Ferraz 271, Bloco II-Barra Funda, 01140-070, Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Helayeel-Neto, Jose; Morais, Jefferson; Turcati, Rodrigo [Laboratorio de Fisica Experimental (LAFEX), Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas (CBPF), Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud 150, Urca, 22290-180, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Scatena, Eslley [Instituto de Fisica Teorica (IFT), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Dr. Bento Teobaldo Ferraz 271, Bloco II-Barra Funda, 01140-070, Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)
Design, preparation and characterization of novel molecularly imprinted polymers for removal of potentially genotoxic 1,3-diisopropylurea from API solutions
This paper describes the design and synthesis of novel molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for the selective removal of a potentially genotoxic impurity (GTI) from active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) post reaction streams. Due to safety concerns, concentration levels of \\{GTIs\\} allowed in pharmaceutical products have been driven down to stringent low values. Therefore, novel \\{MIPs\\} have been prepared with the aim to address this challenge. The model molecules selected for this study were 1,3-diisopropylurea (IPU), as a potential GTI and keppra (KP), mometasone furoate (Meta) and roxithromycin (Roxi), as APIs. The \\{MIPs\\} were prepared using IPU as template and methacrylic acid (MAA), in the free acid or anionic form, as functional monomer. Typically, in industrial post reaction streams, API concentrations are significantly higher than those of IPU. Therefore, the novel \\{MIPs\\} were tested under such a scenario. To test the effect of different host-guest interactions, MIP1 and MIP2 were prepared in the absence and presence of a base, respectively. A highest degree of IPU binding, at a value of 80%, was obtained for MIP2, with only 15% non-specific binding of APIs, regardless of API size and chemical structure. The enhanced performance of MIP2 is in agreement with the incorporation of a carboxylate anion in the MIP, which interacts more strongly with IPU than the neutral free acid.
György Székely; Joao Bandarra; William Heggie; Frederico Castelo Ferreira; Börje Sellergren
Reduced Gravity Education Flight Opportunity for Students at Minority
Reduced Gravity Education Flight Opportunity for Students at Reduced Gravity Education Flight Opportunity for Students at Minority Serving Institutions Reduced Gravity Education Flight Opportunity for Students at Minority Serving Institutions March 21, 2013 - 5:21pm Addthis Reduced Gravity Education Flight Opportunity for Students at Minority Serving Institutions NASA is offering undergraduate students from Minority Serving Institutions an opportunity to test experiments in microgravity aboard NASA's reduced gravity aircraft. This opportunity is a partnership between the Minority University Research and Education Program and NASA's Reduced Gravity Education Flight Program, which gives aspiring explorers a chance to propose, design and fabricate a reduced-gravity experiment. Selected teams will test and evaluate their
Energy Aware Scheduling for Weighted Completion Time and Weighted Tardiness
The ever increasing adoption of mobile devices with limited energy storage capacity, on the one hand, and more awareness of the environmental impact of massive data centres and server pools, on the other hand, have both led to an increased interest in energy management algorithms. The main contribution of this paper is to present several new constant factor approximation algorithms for energy aware scheduling problems where the objective is to minimize weighted completion time plus the cost of the energy consumed, in the one machine non-preemptive setting, while allowing release dates and deadlines.Unlike previous known algorithms these new algorithms can handle general job-dependent energy cost functions, extending the application of these algorithms to settings outside the typical CPU-energy one. These new settings include problems where in addition, or instead, of energy costs we also have maintenance costs, wear and tear, replacement costs, etc., which in general depend on the speed at which the machine r...
Carrasco, Rodrigo A; Stein, Cliff
The Branching of Graphs in 2-d Quantum Gravity
The branching ratio is calculated for three different models of 2d gravity, using dynamical planar phi-cubed graphs. These models are pure gravity, the D=-2 Gaussian model coupled to gravity and the single spin Ising model coupled to gravity. The ratio gives a measure of how branched the graphs dominating the partition function are. Hence it can be used to estimate the location of the branched polymer phase for the multiple Ising model coupled to 2d gravity.
M. G. Harris
Effects of dairy intake on weight maintenance
, randomized trial. Weight loss was baseline to 3 months, weight maintenance was 4 to 9 months. Participants were maintained randomly assigned to low dairy ( 3 servings/d) diets for the maintenance phase. Three...
Zemel, Michael B.; Donnelly, Joseph E.; Smith, Bryan K.; Sullivan, Debra K.; Richards, Joanna; Morgan-Hanusa, Danielle; Mayo, Matthew S.; Sun, Xiaocun; Cook-Wiens, Galen; Bailey, Bruce W.; Van Walleghen, Emily L.; Washburn, Richard A.
Test particle motion in modified gravity theories
We derive the equations of motion of an electrically neutral test particle for modified gravity theories in which the covariant divergence of the ordinary matter energy-momentum tensor dose not vanish (i.e. $\
Mahmood Roshan
2D gravity and the extended formalism
The role of SL(2,R) symmetry in two-dimensional gravity is investigated in the context of the extended Hamiltonian formalism. Using our results we clarify previous works on the subject.
Fernando P. Devecchi
Energy conditions in f(R)-gravity
In order to shed some light on the current discussion about f(R)-gravity theories we derive and discuss the bounds imposed by the energy conditions on a general f(R) functional form. The null and strong energy conditions in this framework are derived from the Raychaudhuri's equation along with the requirement that gravity is attractive, whereas the weak and dominant energy conditions are stated from a comparison with the energy conditions that can be obtained in a direct approach via an effective energy-momentum tensor for f(R)-gravity. As a concrete application of the energy conditions to locally homogeneous and isotropic f(R)-cosmology, the recent estimated values of the deceleration and jerk parameters are used to examine the bounds from the weak energy condition on the parameters of two families of f(R)-gravity theories.
J. Santos; J. S. Alcaniz; M. J. Reboucas; F. C. Carvalho
SUSY QM meets 5d Gravity
We report hidden quantum mechanical supersymmetry structure in five-dimensional gravity with the Randall-Sundrum background. We show that two N=2 supersymmetries are hidden in the spectrum.
Ohya, Satoshi
SUSY QM Meets 5d Gravity
Satoshi Ohya
Gravity waves from vortex dipoles and jets
The dissertation first investigates gravity wave generation and propagation from jets within idealized vortex dipoles using a nonhydrostatic mesoscale model. Several initially balanced and localized jets induced by vortex dipoles are examined here...
Wang, Shuguang
Testing Modified Gravity with Gravitational Wave Astronomy
The emergent area of gravitational wave astronomy promises to provide revolutionary discoveries in the areas of astrophysics, cosmology, and fundamental physics. One of the most exciting possibilities is to use gravitational-wave observations to test alternative theories of gravity. In this contribution we describe how to use observations of extreme-mass-ratio inspirals by the future Laser Interferometer Space Antenna to test a particular class of theories: Chern-Simons modified gravity.
Carlos F. Sopuerta; Nicolas Yunes
Relativistic Gravity With a Dynamical Preferred Frame
While general relativity possesses local Lorentz invariance, both canonical quantum gravity and string theory suggest that Lorentz invariance may be broken at high energies. Broken Lorentz invariance has also been postulated as an explanation for astrophysical anomalies such as the missing GZK cutoff. Therefore, we seek an effective field theory description of gravity where Lorentz invariance is broken. We will construct a candidate theory and then briefly discuss some of the implications.
David Mattingly; Ted Jacobson
Universality of Gravity from Entanglement
The entanglement "first law" in conformal field theories relates the entanglement entropy for a ball-shaped region to an integral over the same region involving the expectation value of the CFT stress-energy tensor, for infinitesimal perturbations to the CFT vacuum state. In recent work, this was exploited at leading order in $N$ in the context of large N holographic CFTs to show that any geometry dual to a perturbed CFT state must satisfy Einstein's equations linearized about pure AdS. In this note, we investigate the implications of the leading 1/N correction to the exact CFT result. We show that these corrections give rise to the source term for the gravitational equations: for semiclassical bulk states, the expectation value of the bulk stress-energy tensor appears as a source in the linearized equations. In particular, the CFT first law leads to Newton's Law of gravitation and the fact that all sources of stress-energy source the gravitational field. In our derivation, this universality of gravity comes directly from the universality of entanglement (the fact that all degrees of freedom in a subsystem contribute to entanglement entropy).
Brian Swingle; Mark Van Raamsdonk
of the regression line for log transformed values for carbon vs. dry weight and wet weight vs. displacement volumeRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ZOOPLANKTON DISPLACEMENT VOLUME, WET WEIGHT, DRY WEIGHT, AND CARBONI PETER H are identical. We have employed this type of analysis in determinations on samples from diverse sea areas
Ductile failure analysis of API X65 pipes with notch-type defects using a local fracture criterion
A local failure criterion for API X65 steel is applied to predict ductile failure of full-scale API X65 pipes with simulated corrosion and gouge defects under internal pressure. The local failure criterion is the stress-modified fracture strain as a function of the stress triaxiality (defined by the ratio of the hydrostatic stress to the effective stress). Based on detailed finite element (FE) analyses with the proposed local failure criterion, burst pressures of defective pipes are estimated and compared with experimental data. For pipes with simulated corrosion defects, FE analysis with the proposed local fracture criterion indicates that predicted failure takes place after the defective pipes attain maximum loads for all cases, possibly due to the fact that the material has sufficient ductility. For pipes with simulated gouge defects, on the other hand, it is found that predicted failure takes place before global instability, and the predicted burst pressures are in good agreement with experimental data, providing confidence in the present approach.
Chang-Kyun Oh; Yun-Jae Kim; Jong-Hyun Baek; Young-Pyo Kim; Woo-Sik Kim
Introduction to Modified Gravity: From the Cosmic Speedup Problem to Quantum Gravity Phenomenology
These notes represent a summary of the introductory part of a course on modified gravity delivered at several Spanish Universities (Granada, Valencia, and Valladolid), at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (WI, USA), and at the Karl-Franzens Universitaet (Graz, Austria) during the period 2008-2011. We begin with a discussion of the classical Newtonian framework and how special relativity boosted the interest on new theories of gravity. Then we focus on Nordstrom's scalar theories of gravity and their influence on Einstein's theory of general relativity. We comment on the meaning of the Einstein equivalence principle and its implications for the construction of alternative theories of gravity. We present the cosmic speedup problem and how $f(R)$ theories can be constrained attending to their weak-field behavior. We conclude by showing that Palatini f(R) and f(R,Q) theories can be used to address different aspects of quantum gravity phenomenology and singularity problems.
Gonzalo J. Olmo
PERFORMANCE STATISTICS WEIghTS
2650 lbs 2650 lbs Delivered Curb Weight 9 : 2615 lbs Distribution F/R 9 (%): 58.6/41.4 GVWR: 3164 lbs GAWR F/R: 1797/1378lbs Payload 5 : 564 lbs Performance Goal: 400 lbs DIMENSIONS Wheelbase: 95.9 in Track F/R: 59.6/59.1 in Length: 160.6 in Width: 68.5 in Height: 54.9 in Ground Clearance: 5.3 in Performance Goal: 5.0 in TIRES Tire Mfg: Dunlop Tire Model: SP Sport 1000m Tire Size: 195 / 55 R16 86V Tire Pressure F/R: 30/30 psi Spare Installed: Yes ENgINE Model: 1.5 L I4 Output 8 : 122 hp @ 6000 rpm Configuration: Inline Four-cylinder Displacement: 1.5 L Fuel Tank Capacity: 10.6 gal Fuel Type: Unleaded Gasoline © 2010 Electric Transportation Applications All Rights Reserved VEhICLE FEATuRES Base Vehicle: 2011 Honda CRZ EX Hybrid VIN: JHMZF1C64BS002982
245 lbs 245 lbs Delivered Curb Weight: 4118 lbs GVWR: 5675 lbs GAWR F/R: 2865/3130 lbs Distribution F/R: 59/41 % Payload: 1557 lbs Performance Goal: 400 lbs DIMENSIONS Wheelbase: 106.7 in Track F/R: 61.9/61.1 in Length: 185.3 in Width: 71.5 in Height: 68.6 in Ground Clearance: 5.9 in Performance Goal: 5.0 in TIRES Tire Mfg: Goodyear Tire Model: Integrity Tire Size: P225/65R17 Tire Pressure F/R: 32/32 Spare Installed: Yes ENgINE Model: 3MZ-FE Output: 208 hp @ 5600 rpm Configuration: V6 Displacement: 3.3 L Fuel Tank Capacity: 17.2 gal Fuel Type: Unleaded Gasoline © 2010 Electric Transportation Applications All Rights Reserved VEhICLE FEATuRES Base Vehicle: 2006 Highlander VIN: JTEDW21A860005681 Seatbelt Positions: Seven Standard Features: Air Conditioning
365 lbs 365 lbs Delivered Curb Weight: 4510 lbs Distribution F/R: 57/43 % GVWR: 5520 lbs GAWR F/R: 2865/2865 lbs Payload: 1010 lbs Performance Goal: 400 lbs DIMENSIONS Wheelbase: 107.0 inches Track F/R: 62/61.2 inches Length: 187.2 inches Width: 72.6 inches Height: 66.4 inches Ground Clearance: 7.1 inches Performance Goal: 5.0 inches TIRES Tire Mfg: Goodyear Tire Model: Eagle RS-A Tire Size: P215/55R18 Tire Pressure F/R: 30/30 psi Spare Installed: Yes ENgINE Model: 3MZ-FE Output: 208 hp @ 5600 rpm Configuration: DOHC V6 Displacement: 3.3 L Fuel Tank Capacity: 17.2 Gallons Fuel Type: Unleaded Gasoline © 2010 Electric Transportation Applications All Rights Reserved VEhICLE FEATuRES Base Vehicle: 2006 Lexus RX 400h VIN: JTJHW31U160002575 Seatbelt Positions: Five
Massive Gravity Wrapped in the Cosmic Web
We study how the filamentary pattern of the cosmic web changes if the true gravity deviates from general relativity (GR) on a large scale. The f(R) gravity, whose strength is controlled to satisfy the current observational constraints on the cluster scale, is adopted as our fiducial model and a large, high-resolution N-body simulation is utilized for this study. By applying the minimal spanning tree algorithm to the halo catalogs from the simulation at various epochs, we identify the main stems of the rich superclusters located in the most prominent filamentary section of the cosmic web and determine their spatial extents per member cluster to be the degree of their straightness. It is found that the f(R) gravity has the effect of significantly bending the superclusters and that the effect becomes stronger as the universe evolves. Even in the case where the deviation from GR is too small to be detectable by any other observables, the degree of the supercluster straightness exhibits a conspicuous difference between the f(R) and the GR models. Our results also imply that the supercluster straightness could be a useful discriminator of f(R) gravity from the coupled dark energy since it is shown to evolve differently between the two models. As a final conclusion, the degree of the straightness of the rich superclusters should provide a powerful cosmological test of large scale gravity.
Junsup Shim; Jounghun Lee; Baojiu Li
(2+1)-Dimensional Chern-Simons Gravity as a Dirac Square Root
For (2+1)-dimensional spacetimes with the spatial topology of a torus, the transformation between the Chern-Simons and ADM versions of quantum gravity is constructed explicitly, and the wave functions are compared. It is shown that Chern-Simons wave functions correspond to modular forms of weight 1/2, that is, spinors on the ADM moduli space, and that their evolution (in York's ``extrinsic time'' variable) is described by a Dirac equation. (This version replaces paper 9109006, which was garbled by my mailer.)
Steven Carlip
Cosmological perturbations in f(T) gravity
We investigate the cosmological perturbations in f(T) gravity. Examining the pure gravitational perturbations in the scalar sector using a diagonal vierbein, we extract the corresponding dispersion relation, which provides a constraint on the f(T) Ansaetze that lead to a theory free of instabilities. Additionally, upon inclusion of the matter perturbations, we derive the fully perturbed equations of motion, and we study the growth of matter overdensities. We show that f(T) gravity with f(T) constant coincides with General Relativity, both at the background as well as at the first-order perturbation level. Applying our formalism to the power-law model we find that on large subhorizon scales (O(100 Mpc) or larger), the evolution of matter overdensity will differ from {Lambda}CDM cosmology. Finally, examining the linear perturbations of the vector and tensor sectors, we find that (for the standard choice of vierbein) f(T) gravity is free of massive gravitons.
Chen, Shih-Hung; Dent, James B. [Department of Physics and School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1404 (United States); Dutta, Sourish [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235 (United States); Saridakis, Emmanuel N. [College of Mathematics and Physics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065 (China)
Emergence in Holographic Scenarios for Gravity
'Holographic' relations between theories have become an important theme in quantum gravity research. These relations entail that a theory without gravity is equivalent to a gravitational theory with an extra spatial dimension. The idea of holography was first proposed in 1993 by Gerard 't Hooft on the basis of his studies of evaporating black holes. Soon afterwards the holographic 'AdS/CFT' duality was introduced, which since has been intensively studied in the string theory community and beyond. Recently, Erik Verlinde has proposed that even Newton's law of gravitation can be related holographically to the 'thermodynamics of information' on screens. We discuss these scenarios, with special attention to the status of the holographic relation in them and to the question of whether they make gravity and spacetime emergent. We conclude that only Verlinde's scheme straightfowardly instantiates emergence. However, assuming a non-standard interpretation of AdS/CFT may create room for the emergence of spacetime and ...
Dieks, Dennis; de Haro, Sebastian
Quantum gravity effects in the Kerr spacetime
We analyze the impact of the leading quantum gravity effects on the properties of black holes with nonzero angular momentum by performing a suitable renormalization group improvement of the classical Kerr metric within quantum Einstein gravity. In particular, we explore the structure of the horizons, the ergosphere, and the static limit surfaces as well as the phase space available for the Penrose process. The positivity properties of the effective vacuum energy-momentum tensor are also discussed and the 'dressing' of the black hole's mass and angular momentum are investigated by computing the corresponding Komar integrals. The pertinent Smarr formula turns out to retain its classical form. As for their thermodynamical properties, a modified first law of black-hole thermodynamics is found to be satisfied by the improved black holes (to second order in the angular momentum); the corresponding Bekenstein-Hawking temperature is not proportional to the surface gravity.
Reuter, M. [Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, D-55099 Mainz (Germany); Tuiran, E. [Departamento de Fisica, Universidad del Norte, Km 5 via a Puerto Colombia, AA-1569 Barranquilla (Colombia)
Computational procedures for weighted projective spaces
This is a pdf print of the homonymous Maple file, freely available at http://www.maplesoft.com/applications/view.aspx?SID=127621, providing procedures which are able to produce the toric data associated with a (polarized) weighted projective space i.e. fans, polytopes and their equivalences. More originally it provides procedures which are able to detect a weights vector Q starting from either a fan or a polytope: we will call this process the recognition of a (polarized) weighted projective space. Moreover it gives procedures connecting polytopes of a polarized weighted projective space with an associated fan and viceversa.
Rossi, Michele
Photonic Crystal Beads from Gravity-Driven Microfluidics
Photonic Crystal Beads from Gravity-Driven Microfluidics ... Compared to traditional methods, the droplet templates of the PCBs are generated by using the ultrastable gravity as the driving force for the microfluidics, thus the PCBs are formed with minimal polydispersity. ...
Hongcheng Gu; Fei Rong; Baocheng Tang; Yuanjin Zhao; Degang Fu; Zhongze Gu
The generalized second law of thermodynamics in generalized gravity theories
We investigate the generalized second law of thermodynamics (GSL) in generalized theories of gravity. We examine the total entropy evolution with time including the horizon entropy, the non-equilibrium entropy production, and the entropy of all matter, field and energy components. We derive a universal condition to protect the generalized second law and study its validity in different gravity theories. In Einstein gravity, (even in the phantom-dominated universe with a Schwarzschild black hole), Lovelock gravity, and braneworld gravity, we show that the condition to keep the GSL can always be satisfied. In $f(R)$ gravity and scalar-tensor gravity, the condition to protect the GSL can also hold because the gravity is always attractive and the effective Newton constant should be approximate constant satisfying the experimental bounds.
Shao-Feng Wu; Bin Wang; Guo-Hong Yang; Peng-Ming Zhang
Gravity data as a tool for landfill study
This paper shows the potential of gravity data to map a buried landfill bottom topography. To this end, a ... gravity inversion method is presented for estimating the landfill's bottom depths at discrete points a...
Joăo B. C. Silva; Wlamir A. Teixeira; Valéria C. F. Barbosa
Inertia and gravitation in teleparallel gravity
Using the fact that teleparallel gravity allows a separation between gravitation and inertia, explicit expressions for the gravitational and the inertial energy-momentum densities are obtained. It is shown that, like all other fields of nature, gravitation alone has a tensorial energy-momentum density which in a general frame is conserved in the covariant sense. Together with the inertial energy-momentum density, they form a pseudotensor which is conserved in the ordinary sense. An analysis of the role played by the gravitational and the inertial densities in the computation of the total energy and momentum of gravity is presented.
R. Aldrovandi; Tiago Gribl Lucas; J. G. Pereira
Geodesic distances in Liouville quantum gravity
In order to study the quantum geometry of random surfaces in Liouville gravity, we propose a definition of geodesic distance associated to a Gaussian free field on a regular lattice. This geodesic distance is used to numerically determine the Hausdorff dimension associated to shortest cycles of 2d quantum gravity on the torus coupled to conformal matter fields, showing agreement with a conjectured formula by Y. Watabiki. Finally, the numerical tools are put to test by quantitatively comparing the distribution of lengths of shortest cycles to the corresponding distribution in large random triangulations.
Jan Ambjorn; Timothy Budd
Differential geometry, Palatini gravity and reduction
The present article deals with a formulation of the so called (vacuum) Palatini gravity as a general variational principle. In order to accomplish this goal, some geometrical tools related to the geometry of the bundle of connections of the frame bundle LM are used. A generalization of Lagrange-Poincaré reduction scheme to these types of variational problems allows us to relate it with the Einstein-Hilbert variational problem. Relations with some other variational problems for gravity found in the literature are discussed.
Capriotti, S., E-mail: email@example.com [Departamento de Matemática, Universidad Nacional del Sur, 8000 Bahía Blanca (Argentina)
A perturbation approach to Translational Gravity
Within a gauge formulation of 3+1 gravity relying on a nonlinear realization of the group of isometries of space-time, a natural expansion of the metric tensor arises and a simple choice of the gravity dynamical variables is possible. We show that the expansion parameter can be identified with the gravitational constant and that the first order depends only on a diagonal matrix in the ensuing perturbation approach. The explicit first order solution is calculated in the static isotropic case, and its general structure is worked out in the harmonic gauge.
Gravity as a Gauge Theory of Translations
The Poincar\\'e group can be interpreted as the group of isometries of a minkowskian space. This point of view suggests to consider the group of isometries of a given space as the suitable group to construct a gauge theory of gravity. We extend these ideas to the case of maximally symmetric spaces to reach a realistic theory including the presence of a cosmological constant. Introducing the concept of "minimal tetrads" we deduce Einstein gravity in the vacuum as a gauge theory of translations.
J. Martin-Martin; A. Tiemblo
Standard Model and Gravity from Spinors
We propose to unify the Gravity and Standard Model gauge groups by using algebraic spinors of the standard four-dimensional Clifford algebra, in left-right symmetric fashion. This generates exactly a Standard Model family of fermions, and a Pati-Salam unification group emerges, at the Planck scale, where (chiral) self-dual gravity decouples. As a remnant of the unification, isospin-triplets spin-two particles may naturally appear at the weak scale, providing a striking signal at the LHC.
F. Nesti
Asymptotic freedom in Horava-Lifshitz gravity
We use the Wetterich equation for foliated spacetimes to study the RG flow of projectable Horava-Lifshitz gravity coupled to n Lifshitz scalars. Using novel results for anisotropic heat kernels, the matter-induced beta functions for the gravitational couplings are computed explicitly. The RG flow exhibits an UV attractive anisotropic Gaussian fixed point where Newton's constant vanishes and the extra scalar mode decouples. This fixed point ensures that the theory is asymptotically free in the large-n expansion, indicating that projectable Horava-Lifshitz gravity is perturbatively renormalizable. Notably, the fundamental fixed point action does not obey detailed balance.
D'Odorico, Giulio; Schutten, Marrit
Giulio D'Odorico; Frank Saueressig; Marrit Schutten
Higher curvature gravity at the LHC
We investigate brane-world models in different viable F(R) gravity theories where the Lagrangian is an arbitrary function of the curvature scalar. Deriving the warped metric for this model, resembling Randal-Sundrum (RS)-like solutions, we determine the graviton KK modes. The recent observations at the LHC, which constrain the RS graviton KK modes to a mass range greater than 3 TeV, are incompatible with RS model predictions. It is shown that the models with F(R) gravity in the bulk address the issue, which in turn constrains the F(R) model itself.
Sumanta Chakraborty and Soumitra SenGupta
We investigate brane-world models in different viable $F(R)$ gravity theories where the Lagrangian is an arbitrary function of the curvature scalar. Deriving the warped metric for this model, resembling Randal-Sundrum (RS) like solutions, we determine the graviton KK modes. The recent observations at the LHC, which constrain the RS graviton KK modes to a mass range greater than 3 TeV, are incompatible to RS model predictions. It is shown that the models with $F(R)$ gravity in the bulk address the issue which in turn constrains the $F(R)$ model itself.
Sumanta Chakraborty; Soumitra SenGupta
Combustion of viscous hydrocarbons
A method is described for utilizing viscous hydrocarbons as combustible fuels comprising: (A) forming a hydrocarbosol using a surfactant package in a proportion of about 1:100 to about 1:20,000 by weight based on hydrocarbon, (1) the surfactant package comprising (a) at least one water-soluble surfactant, an effective amount of which surfactant promotes emulsification of a hydrocarbon with API gravity of about 20/sup 0//sup o/ API or less; and (b) at least one water-soluble bioemulsifier, being a microboally-derived substance which predominantly resides at hydrocarbon/water interfaces to substantially surround hydrocarbon droplets in hydrocarbon-in-water emulsions; (2) the hydrocarbosol (a) comprising a hydrocarbon characterized by an API gravity of about 20/sup 0//sup o/ API or less; (b) having a hydrocarbon:water ratio of about 70:30 by volume; and (B) burning the resultant hydrocarbosol.
Hayes, M.E.; Hrebenar, K.R.; Murphy, P.L.; Futch, L.E. Jr.; Deal, J.F. III
Observing ocean heat content using satellite gravity and altimetry
: ocean heat content, altimetry, satellite gravity, steric height, remote sensing Citation: Jayne, S. RObserving ocean heat content using satellite gravity and altimetry Steven R. Jayne1,2 and John M with satellite measurements of the Earth's time-varying gravity to give improved estimates of the ocean's heat
Jayne, Steven
Semiring Artificial Neural Networks and Weighted Automata
Semiring Artificial Neural Networks and Weighted Automata And an Application to Digital Image neural networks and weighted automata. For this task, we introduce semiring artificial neural networks, that is, artificial neural networks which implement the addition and the multiplication of semirings. We
Hoelldobler, Steffen
The Mars Gravity Biosatellite as an innovative partial gravity research platform
The Mars Gravity Biosatellite is an unprecedented independent spaceflight platform for gravitational biology research. With a projected first launch after 2010, the low Earth orbit satellite will support a cohort of fifteen ...
Fulford-Jones, Thaddeus R. F
Gravity and the Quantum: Are they Reconcilable?
General relativity and quantum mechanics are conflicting theories. The seeds of discord are the fundamental principles on which these theories are grounded. General relativity, on one hand, is based on the equivalence principle, whose strong version establishes the local equivalence between gravitation and inertia. Quantum mechanics, on the other hand, is fundamentally based on the uncertainty principle, which is essentially nonlocal in the sense that a particle does not follow one trajectory, but infinitely many trajectories, each one with a different probability. This difference precludes the existence of a quantum version of the strong equivalence principle, and consequently of a quantum version of general relativity. Furthermore, there are compelling experimental evidences that a quantum object in the presence of a gravitational field violates the weak equivalence principle. Now it so happens that, in addition to general relativity, gravitation has an alternative, though equivalent description, given by teleparallel gravity, a gauge theory for the translation group. In this theory torsion, instead of curvature, is assumed to represent the gravitational field. These two descriptions lead to the same classical results, but are conceptually different. In general relativity, curvature geometrizes the interaction, while torsion in teleparallel gravity acts as a force, similar to the Lorentz force of electrodynamics. Because of this peculiar property, teleparallel gravity describes the gravitational interaction without requiring any of the equivalence principles. The replacement of general relativity by teleparallel gravity may, in consequence, lead to a conceptual reconciliation of gravitation with quantum mechanics.
R. Aldrovandi; J. G. Pereira; K. H. Vu
We investigate the effect of modified gravity on the specific angular momentum of galactic halos by analyzing the halo catalogs at z = 0 from high-resolution N-body simulations for a f(R) gravity model that meets the solar-system constraint. It is shown that the galactic halos in the f(R) gravity model tend to acquire significantly higher specific angular momentum than those in the standard {Lambda}CDM model. The largest difference in the specific angular momentum distribution between these two models occurs for the case of isolated galactic halos with mass less than 10{sup 11} h {sup -1} M {sub Sun }, which are likely least shielded by the chameleon screening mechanism. As the specific angular momentum of galactic halos is rather insensitive to other cosmological parameters, it can in principle be an independent discriminator of modified gravity. We speculate a possibility of using the relative abundance of low surface brightness galaxies (LSBGs) as a test of general relativity given that the formation of the LSBGs occurs in fast spinning dark halos.
Lee, Jounghun [Astronomy Program, Department of Physics and Astronomy, FPRD, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747 (Korea, Republic of)] [Astronomy Program, Department of Physics and Astronomy, FPRD, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747 (Korea, Republic of); Zhao, Gong-Bo [National Astronomy Observatories, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100012 (China)] [National Astronomy Observatories, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100012 (China); Li, Baojiu [Institute of Computational Cosmology, Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE (United Kingdom)] [Institute of Computational Cosmology, Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE (United Kingdom); Koyama, Kazuya, E-mail: email@example.com [Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3FX (United Kingdom)] [Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3FX (United Kingdom)
Unified description of screened modified gravity
We consider modified gravity models driven by a scalar field whose effects are screened in high density regions due to the presence of nonlinearities in its interaction potential and/or its coupling to matter. Our approach covers chameleon, f(R) gravity, dilaton and symmetron models and allows a unified description of all these theories. We find that the dynamics of modified gravity are entirely captured by the time variation of the scalar field mass and its coupling to matter evaluated at the cosmological minimum of its effective potential, where the scalar field has sat since an epoch prior to big bang nucleosynthesis. This new parametrization of modified gravity allows one to reconstruct the potential and coupling to matter and therefore to analyze the full dynamics of the models, from the scale dependent growth of structures at the linear level to nonlinear effects requiring N-body simulations. This procedure is illustrated with explicit examples of reconstruction for chameleon, dilaton, f(R) and symmetron models.
Philippe Brax; Anne-Christine Davis; Baojiu Li; Hans A. Winther
The diffeomorphism algebra approach to quantum gravity
The representation theory of non-centrally extended Lie algebras of Noether symmetries, including spacetime diffeomorphisms and reparametrizations of the observer's trajectory, has recently been developped. It naturally solves some long-standing problems in quantum gravity, e.g. the role of diffeomorphisms and the causal structure, but some new questions also arise.
T. A. Larsson
Landscape versus Swampland for Higher Derivative Gravity
We survey recent studies of Gauss-Bonnet gravity and its dual conformal field theories, including their relation to the violation of the Kovtun-Starinets-Son viscosity bound. Via holography, we can also study properties such as microcausality and unitarity of boundary field theory duals. Such studies in turn supply constraints on bulk gravitational theories, consigning some of them to the swampland.
Sho Yaida
Gravitomagnetism and the Speed of Gravity
Experimental discovery of the gravitomagnetic fields generated by translational and/or rotational currents of matter is one of primary goals of modern gravitational physics. The rotational (intrinsic) gravitomagnetic field of the Earth is currently measured by the Gravity Probe B. The present paper makes use of a parametrized post-Newtonian (PN) expansion of the Einstein equations to demonstrate how the extrinsic gravitomagnetic field generated by the translational current of matter can be measured by observing the relativistic time delay caused by a moving gravitational lens. We prove that measuring the extrinsic gravitomagnetic field is equivalent to testing relativistic effect of the aberration of gravity caused by the Lorentz transformation of the gravitational field. We unfold that the recent Jovian deflection experiment is a null-type experiment testing the Lorentz invariance of the gravitational field (aberration of gravity), thus, confirming existence of the extrinsic gravitomagnetic field associated with orbital motion of Jupiter with accuracy 20%. We comment on erroneous interpretations of the Jovian deflection experiment given by a number of researchers who are not familiar with modern VLBI technique and subtleties of JPL ephemeris. We propose to measure the aberration of gravity effect more accurately by observing gravitational deflection of light by the Sun and processing VLBI observations in the geocentric frame with respect to which the Sun is moving with velocity 30 km/s.
Sergei M. Kopeikin
Using Brain Weight to Predict Gestation in Mammals Bivariate Fit of Gestation By Brain Weight
1 Using Brain Weight to Predict Gestation in Mammals Bivariate Fit of Gestation By Brain Weight 0 100 200 300 400 500 Gestation 0 500 1000 1500 BrainWgt Linear Fit (All 50 mammals) Predicted Gestation = 85.248543 + 0.299867 Brain Weight Summary of Fit RSquare 0.372483 RSquare Adj 0.35941 Root Mean
Carriquiry, Alicia
Gravity modeling of Cenozoic extensional basins, offshore Vietnam
. . . 78 . . . 81 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Southeast Asian study area location map 2 Major tectonic features of Southeast Asia 3 Mekong basin sediment isopach map . 4 Mekong basin generalized stratigraphy . Page . . . . 1 0 5 Mekong basin... gravity model 2 17 Mekong 2D forward gravity model 3 18 Mekong 2D forward gravity model 4 19 Mekong 2D forward gravity model 5 32 34 . . . 35 . . . 36 Page 20 Schematic 3D forward gravity model of Yinggehai basin sediment . . . 21 3D forward...
Mauri, Steven Joseph
Ground Gravity Survey At Coso Geothermal Area (1990) | Open Energy
Coso Geothermal Area (1990) Coso Geothermal Area (1990) Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Exploration Activity: Ground Gravity Survey At Coso Geothermal Area (1990) Exploration Activity Details Location Coso Geothermal Area Exploration Technique Ground Gravity Survey Activity Date 1990 Usefulness not indicated DOE-funding Unknown Exploration Basis To identify features related to the heat source and to seek possible evidence for an underlying magma chamber Notes 2D and 3D gravity modeling was done using gridded Bouguer gravity data covering a 45 by 45 km region over the Coso geothermal area. Isostatic and terrain corrected Bouguer gravity data for about 1300 gravity stations were obtained from the US Geological Survey. After the data were checked, the gravity values were gridded at 1 km centers for the area of interest
Wood specific gravity and aboveground biomass of Bombacopsis quinata plantations in Costa Rica
Measurements of dry matter production in forest plantations are needed to assess the limits to potential production. There are almost no studies about wood specific gravity, crown composition, and total biomass distribution of Bombacopsis quinata plantations. Wood specific gravity and aboveground biomass distribution were studied in B. quinata plantations growing in two different climatic zones of Costa Rica. Allometric models were developed for individual trees, and total biomass production per hectare was obtained by applying these models to sample plots. Wood specific gravity was found to be higher at the base of the tree (0.330 g cm?3) than at the base of the living crown (0.280 g cm?3); a tendency to increase with diameter at breast height (DBH) could also be observed at both stem sections. Foliage, branch, and stem biomass were highly correlated with DBH (r>0.68, n=17). Branch and foliage dry biomass varied between 25 and 45% of the total tree dry biomass. The stem dry weight represented 55–75% of the total tree dry weight. From easy-measuring variables (DBH and height (H)), difficult-measuring or time-consuming variables (e.g., foliage biomass) can be estimated. Models developed in this study estimate foliage dry biomass from DBH and H from branch dry biomass and from crown diameter. Estimations of foliage dry biomass from branch dry biomass could be useful for studies carried out in the dry season when B. quinata trees do not have foliage. In the regression analyses, variable transformations (log10) improved the results when compared to original values of non-transformed variables.
Luis Diego Pérez Cordero; Markku Kanninen
The Use of Density Meters and Microprocessors for Energy Measurement and Control
ANSI/API 2530 shows how natural gas volume and weight flow rates may be calculated from the differential pressure across an in-line orifice plate. AGA Report No.5 uses these equations and known relationships between specific gravity and calorific...
Balls, B. W.; Agar, J.
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