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Will Kristen Wiig, Andy Samberg, and Jason Sudeikis Leave Saturday Night Live?
So say sources.READ MORE »
So say sources.READ MORE »
Because she has a lock of Wiig's hair.READ MORE »
Plus Faxon just landed a starring role in a pilot. Yeow!READ MORE »
Yeah, it's a red pantsuit, deal with it.READ MORE »
Find out who drew a heart on a cocktail napkin!READ MORE »
From the cast of Drive to The Help, the film industry makes a grand entrance at the BAFTA Awards.READ MORE »
It's Gathy with a G, okay?READ MORE »
Why this dark horse could go all the way.READ MORE »
From the cast of Moneyball to Glee, check out last night's Red Carpet at the SAG Awards.READ MORE »
Blessed by the Internet yet again.READ MORE »
It would be her first big studio film since Bridesmaids.READ MORE »
And confirmation of her next project.READ MORE »
"We had a special time making the first one, but we're really excited to try something else."READ MORE »
Jennifer Westfeldt's new comedy reunites most of the Bridesmaids cast and adds Adam Scott.READ MORE »
Ladies sticking together!READ MORE »
The 3Ws, everyone.READ MORE »
Jon Hamm was right.READ MORE »
This is great.READ MORE »
In movies, TV, and pop, what were the most overrated and underrated projects? What was the instrument of the year? Who had the best moves?READ MORE »
Also, Darren Criss.READ MORE »
21 Insane Scientology Stories That Going Clear Left Out
Ellen Pao and the Sexism You Can't Quite Prove
Rare Photos of Frida Kahlo From the Last Years of Her Life
HBO's Scientology Exposé Going Clear Is Jaw-Dropping
The 50 Comedians You Should Know in 2015
Meet The Daily Show's New Host
21 NYC Women Confess the Dumbest Thing They Spend Their Money On
The Walking Dead Finale Recap: Wolves at the Door
What It's Like to Be Allergic to Wi-Fi
How Trevor Noah Became the Next Host of The Daily Show


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It won't happen this season, but Brett Favre and the Green Bay Packers have agreed on honoring the quarterback in the team's hall of fame and retiring his No. 4. Here are the details:
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Mayweather-Pacquiao: First Look

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Cool Story Bro
This great custom product in black from our department Men and T-Shirt category can be printed just for you in the size and style you like. The design Cool Story Bro was created by topdesigns and uploaded to Spreadshirt for you to have printed on a T-Shirt. Next to a host of other great customized designs, you can find this Cool Story Bro design in Spreadshirt's Insults category. If you are interested in topics like Lame or cool story bro, then you'll love Cool Story Bro designs by topdesigns. Spreadshirt also offers a huge selection of custom t-shirts, hoodies and accessories for the category Insults as well as top sarcasm clothing. topdesigns's designs have already impressed many of our customers, so we are sure that we've got right stuff for you! Spreadshirt is your destination for great designs of all kinds – whether it's Lame, cool story bro or sarcasm. We are sure that you will find something nice in our shop, there are many amazing custom Insults t-shirts, hoodies, or accessories for you to find! Tags: Design ID: 11559698
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To be auctioned at the Lucky Collector Car Auction Spring "Jackpot" Collector Car Auction at the Snoqualmie Casino in Washington on April 4th, 2015.... More
Motorcar Studio is pleased to offer this unique and well-documented MGC GT, on sale for the first time ever in the U.S. The MGC... More
'69 Corvette T-top coupe, Professional Frame-off Restoration on this highly optioned Corvette(look under this car!) Matching #s Chevrolet 350cid V-8@350HP, Matching #s Muncie 4... More
150 miles on Professional Rotisserie Restoration, True (WS) R/T, factory (W1) white, black vinyl top, black vinyl interior, black tail stripe, 69 date coded... More
Just in! Call or visit our website for more information.... More
Gorgeous 1969 Chevy El Camino. Factory 305 V-8, auto trans, fully restored and fantastic condition!... More
Coupe, White w/Orange Stripes, Blk Int, 350 V8, Auto, Vin:10524... More
The rotisserie restoration was completed with a high level of care, detail, fit and finish. Original rust free Texas car built in San Jose, California... More
This 1969 Jaguar E-Type Coupe has had documented limited long term ownership, and has benefited from a recent full servicing, along with the addition... More
1969 MG CGT, Terrific original condition with 72,600 miles. Just had professional work done on clutch, brakes, & exhaust system. Good driver that could also... More
A no-expense-spared professional rotisserie build on a X44-Code coupe has this 1969 Camaro presenting in full Resto Modded splendor. It retains a strong Camaro... More
1969 Mercury Cougar XR7 Convertible / Original 351ci engine & Factory AC The Cougar XR7 was the luxury version of the Ford Mustang. Most of... More
1969 Pontiac Firebird 400 Convertible, Concourse level ROTISSERIE restoration with LESS than 300 miles since completion. Documented with PHS docs and still has original... More
1969 Mercedes-Benz 280SL ROADSTER, For the past three and half years this Mercedes Benz 280SL nicknamed "Pagoda" has been under a meticulous process of... More
1969 Chevrolet Corvette Convertible For Sale - Excellent Condition Description: Private Collection Sale. This is a rare opportunity to purchase a professionally maintained and well cared... More


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Archive for the 'WBI Education' Category
Futuristic PTSD treatment: planting explicit memories in the brain
Tuesday, March 10th, 2015
This is the stuff of science fiction that gives medical ethicists pause. Can we erase traumatizing memories stored in our brains? Can happier memories be planted as a substitute for painful ones?
Researchers are hard at work with the newest technologies allowing the substitution. Here is a new study done with laboratory mice. The news article describing the research appears below.
Rodent Recall: False but Happy Memories Implanted in Sleeping Mice
Researchers at CRNS in Paris create artificial positive feelings in mouse's memory for first time during sleep, highlighting possible new treatment for depression
By Hannah Devlin, The Guardian, March 9, 2015
Scientists have succeeded in creating false but happy memories in mice, in the first demonstration of memory manipulation during sleep.
In the study, positive feelings about a particular place were artificially written into the animal's memory, which caused them to seek out that place in search of a reward when they woke up.
The discovery that emotional memory can be readily manipulated has echoes of the the film, Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind, in which Jim Carey's character has every recollection about his failed relationship wiped clean using a fictional mind-reading technology.
The scientists say that the findings could pave the way for new treatments that would allow patients to overcome depression or deeply entrenched painful memories.
Karim Benchenane, the neuroscientist who led the research at the CNRS (Centre national de la recherche scientifique) in Paris, said: "The idea is to use this as a tool for post-traumatic stress disorder."
Tags: creating memories, planted memories, PTSD, trauma treatment
Posted in Bullying-Related Research, Neuroscience & Genetics, Related Phenomena, Tutorials About Bullying, WBI Education | No Archived Comments | Post A Comment (
Biggest tuition discount ever for Workplace Bullying University
Monday, March 9th, 2015
The final Bellingham 3-day Workplace Bullying University is held March 20-22. Regular tuition is $3,100 per person.
Pay only $2,100 if prepaid by Friday the 13th of March, 3 pm PST.
We've never lowered the tuition so much, but we want to end our tradition of University in Bellingham with a bang! We started in 2008.
University is training for professionals. Read all the details for this comprehensive, intensive research-based education program. The only one of its kind in North America.
Great for professionals: counselors, executive coaches, union officials, nurses, healthcare administrators, HR, higher education, teachers, managers, attorneys, consultants, and trainers.
California trainers and managers who attend will take back all necessary materials to comply with the new biannual training requirement for supervisors, California Code 12950.1 (AB 2053).
Tags: abusive conduct, education, Gary Namie, Ruth Namie, training, Workplace Bullying University
Posted in Workplace Bullying University | No Archived Comments | Post A Comment (
Let's Talk with Kalola: The Post Office Goes Postal
Friday, February 20th, 2015
Dear Kalola,
I worked for the USPS for over twenty-five years. I never had problems with coworkers and was considered a good employee. After suffering personal problems, I noticed a change towards me from my coworkers. After being told that we were going to move to a larger facility, I became very excited at the thought of meeting new people. After we moved to the new location, things got steadily worse. Since there was very little supervision this went on daily without notice. I thought that surely these new people had a mind of their own.That someone would like me. But it appeared that things were being said about me. Things being said that I didn't know about. It was obvious that the other people were choosing to believe what they were told. I am a quiet person who suffers from depression. I was getting worse by the day.
One day after having about enough, I went to the post master crying. Not only did he not take my side, the accused saw me crying. Because of my mental state, it was very difficult to control my emotions. Through gossip, I was told that they were out to get me fired.
I confessed to my supervisor one day that I drank alcohol before work to control my feelings. I was let go on the spot and have not been back since. This was last spring. I will not go back since I know that nothing has changed.
I was a subject of gossip. I was left out of daily routines. (People were told not to talk to me) also I had problems with parking that was very dangerous to myself. I was watched daily and told on to supervisors.
I can prove everything, because it is all true. My regret is that I had not used alcohol to handle my problems. But I know in my heart that I am the victim.
a former Postal Worker
Tags: Let's Talk with Kalola, workplace bullying
Posted in Let's Talk with Kalola | No Archived Comments | Post A Comment (
Namie webinar — When the bully is the boss — now available for HR
Thursday, February 12th, 2015
When the Bully is the Boss
A joint production of the Workplace Bullying Institute and Biz21 Publishing
Many companies assume they don't have a bullying problem. Employees get along. In meetings, team members respect each other. But look closer. You might find that the bully is the very person you would expect your employees to turn to if they are being bullied—the boss.
Some managerial bullying is unintentional — supervisors see themselves as "demanding results." Other times bosses know their behavior crosses the line, but don't care.
Not convinced? Consider the slew of new state laws protecting workers against bullying. And consider the number of companies that have rushed to adopt anti-bullying policies and procedures for investigating complaints.
The costs are real. The employee's health can suffer, causing missed work, higher healthcare costs and reduced productivity. Bullied employees are also a flight risk, as are those who witness bullying. And there's the threat of lawsuits against the company.
In this session, Dr. Gary Namie teaches you:
• How to recognize and respond to a bully boss
• What differentiates "bullying" from other conduct- both illegal (discrimination) and legal (non-abusive disagreements)
• Why the workplace climate may be allowing the bully to prosper
• Why owners and executives often tend to defend bullies
• How to build an abuse-intolerant, accountable culture for all employees, regardless of rank
• How to measure outcomes of anti-bullying activities that benefit both employees and the company.
Tags: Biz21 publishing, bully, bully boss, Gary Namie, webinar, workplace bullying
Posted in Products & Services | 2 Archived Comments | Post A Comment (
Legislative season update for the anti-bullying Healthy Workplace Bill
Tuesday, February 10th, 2015
The WBI State Coordinators are hard at work meeting with legislative sponsors for the WBI anti-bullying Healthy Workplace Bill. Here's a status report. As of Feb. 10 …
• North Dakota became the 27th state to introduce something — HB 1428. That something is a simple paragraph declaring that public sector employers have to address harassment, ostensibly not just the currently illegal variety of discriminatory misdeeds. The bill cleared the House on a 91-0 vote and is on to the Senate for consideration. Visit the ND State page at the HWB website for details.
• Connecticut has a somewhat related bill — SB 432. It creates an "advisory board," akin to past study groups and task forces that lawmakers use to delay taking any real action. Visit the CT State page at the HWB website for details.
• Utah's HB 216 is the boldest of the small step bills to date. It requires employers to address the HWB's definition of health-harming abusive conduct by providing annual training. Better than California's recently implemented training mandate, Utah would require coverage of not only the definition of the phenomenon, but its effect on worker's health and a description of what remedies the employer has in effect. Visit the UT State page at the HWB website for details.
• We saved the best for last. New York returns to lead the nation with a complete Healthy Workplace Bill in the Assembly — A 3250. The bill provides legal redress for employees harmed by abusive conduct. It rewards proactive employers who voluntarily protect workers with adequate policies and procedures with a litigation prevention mechanism. It defines the phenomenon and applies to employers in both private and public sectors. Our State Coordinators continue to set the highest bar for comparison. A 3250 has 80 co-sponsors. The Senate companion bill is in the works. Visit the NY State page at the HWB website for details.
Stay tuned for major developments as additional states come on board.
Tags: bills, Gary Namie, Healthy Workplace Bill, laws, legislation, prevention, state laws, Workplace Bullying Institute
Posted in Healthy Workplace Bill (U.S. campaign), Hear Ye! Hear Ye! 2, WBI Education, Workplace Bullying Laws | No Archived Comments | Post A Comment (
For advocates who stop abusive conduct at work, it's all about accountability
Monday, February 9th, 2015
Proponents for social justice in the #BlackLivesMatter movement seek accountability. The unethical county prosecutor misled the grand jury so it would not hold officer Darren Wilson responsible for the death of Michael Brown. Hence, the hands-up gesture of surrender that Brown used that Wilson ignored as he gunned Brown down on that Ferguson, MO street. Both Wilson and the prosecutor got away without being held accountable.
The wife and surviving children of Eric Garner also seek accountability. NYPD officers Daniel Pantaleo and Justin Damico combined a chokehold and physical restraint to kill Garner on a Staten Island sidewalk while a witness filmed the episode. The grand jury there also let the officers walk away without facing consequences for taking a life.
Then, in Cleveland, 12-y.o. Tamir Rice was gunned down within seconds by Timothy Loehmann as his patrol car rushed to the public park scene where Tamir was playing by himself. Loehmann's employment record showed him to be too incompetent in handling firearms for a small city police squad before he found a job with the Cleveland PD. Rice is dead because the Cleveland PD ignored early career warning signs about Loehmann. He also failed his written entrance exam for Cleveland employment.
The headline-grabbing, media-saturation stories "surprised" white TV viewers who had no appreciation of the ongoing abuse black men face at the hands of police. They were Furthermore, because of implicit (unstated or attitudes possessed without explicit self-awareness) racism by whites, there was little sympathy for those murdered.
In fact, police violence apologists attempted to guide the public to make what is called the fundamental attribution error. Victims are degraded and treated as though they deserved their fate. The error is behind all "blame-the-victim" scenarios that we perpetuate in the aftermath of personal crimes: rape, campus sexual assault, and even murder victims.
It's a tug of war between two competing explanatory models: fixing responsibility on perpetrators of violence or seeking faults in victims that made them somehow provocative and deserving their fate.
The overlap with bullied targets is easy to see. When they inform management about their ordeal, they are not believed and retaliated against for tarnishing the perpetrators' image honed by years of ingratiating themselves to their executive sponsor. Management tends to "circle the wagons," to grow increasingly defensive. Management should care about the impact of bullying on finances as well as the impact on employee health. Instead, managers tend to deny, discount and rationalize bullying.
Another insult to bullied individuals is the sham investigation done by the employer. Organizations cannot conduct unbiased investigations of themselves. The pressures for individual survival and covering up are too great. Furthermore, HR is a management support function. Therefore, it is management investigating incidents of wrongdoing primarily by managers. Truth is sacrificed for the sake of political expediency.
When investigations conclude with an inability to assign responsibility (the infamous "she said/she said" tie) or the mischaracterization of the abuse as a "personality clash" between bully and target, targets are upset and frustrated. Their sense of justice was shattered by the bullying. A failure to find fault in perpetrators compounds the injustice.
Sadly, of the cases in which bullying has stopped, 77% of targets pay the price by losing the job they had no business losing or they transferred (11%) as if they had done something wrong. Perpetrators bully with impunity.
Bullied targets and witnesses simply want perpetrators to be held accountable.
Accountability is nearly impossible without a policy. It is also impossible when a policy exists but is not applied to all employees at all levels of the organization. Inconsistent or absent enforcement renders the policy ineffective. It is only a collection of positive words and thoughts.
Most policies are created in response to laws. Without laws that provide legal redress for bullied individuals, employers do not voluntarily address abusive conduct in comprehensive ways. They may engage in minimal training (as mandated in California starting in 2015) or be "encouraged" to adopt a policy (as suggested in TN law, effective in 2015). Strong laws will compel good policies, which in turn, make accountability more likely. Help enact the WBI anti-bullying Healthy Workplace Bill.
Tags: abusive conduct, accountability, American Psychological Association, bullied targets, Cleveland, Eric Garner, Ferguson, Gary Namie, Michael Brown, Staten Island, Tamir Rice, victims, violence, workplace bullying
Posted in Related Phenomena, WBI Education, WBI Surveys & Studies | No Archived Comments | Post A Comment (
WBI defines and illustrates abusive conduct for California supervisors
Monday, January 5th, 2015
Attention California (& all other) Employers
California AB2053 extracted one paragraph from the WBI Healthy Workplace Bill — the definition of "abusive conduct" and made it mandatory to acquaint supervisors and managers with the phenomenon every two years beginning Jan. 1, 2015.
WBI is the source of the phrase and the U.S. movement. There is no better qualified vendor to provide the necessary information to augment your sexual harassment training than WBI.
WBI produced a brief 20 min. video introduction that can be streamed for intranet posting or run during in-person education sessions.
Only $499. Order today.
Products for HR and employers from the originators of the workplace bullying consulting specialization in America.
Order online or call 360-656-6630
Tags: AB2053, abusive conduct, Gary Namie, supervisors, training, workplace bullying
Posted in Products & Services, WBI Education | No Archived Comments | Post A Comment (
Debunking a Puritanical myth that what doesn't kill you makes you stronger
Monday, January 5th, 2015
What doesn't kill you doesn't necessarily make you stronger
By Virgie Townsend, Washington Post, Jan. 2, 2015
WBI: In this frank and personally revealing essay, the author effectively counters the notion that all traumatic early experiences in life contribute to the construction of a stronger adult character. It's noteworthy that 44% of bullied targets admit experiencing prior familial abuse in their lives before their workplace experiences with abuse (WBI IP 2013-H).
When I was 15, I attended a writing workshop with a girl who had been sexually abused by a family member, trauma that she explored in her poetry. She said she was offended when people told her: "I'm really sorry that happened to you." She felt like they were saying they wanted to change her, so she'd reply: "Don't be. It made me who I am today."
I also grew up with violence, terrified of a parent who was verbally and physically abusive, and drove drunk with me and my siblings in the backseat. Sometimes this parent would threaten to choke me with a dog collar or would fire off shotgun rounds overhead for the fun of seeing the rest of the family cower. I am glad my classmate found a way to cope with her past, but I can't be grateful for mine.
I would have been better off without that dog collar, without those years of fear. After such episodes, I was so exhausted that I couldn't concentrate on my homework. I repeatedly failed state math exams. My immune system was weak. As a child, I had frequent, unexplained fevers, which baffled my pediatrician and led him to test me for cancer.
It was difficult for me to make friends because of the pressure I felt to keep my home life a secret. Between the abuse and my innate shyness, I mostly avoided other kids, which was easy because I was home-schooled until ninth grade. I tried to stay quiet around my peers; I didn't want to draw attention. And I constantly second-guessed how I acted around them, afraid that I might disgust or anger others, too.
Tags: abuse, child abuse, early life experience, illness, recovery, terror, trauma, verbal abuse
Posted in Bullying & Health, Media About Bullying, Print: News, Blogs, Magazines, Related Phenomena, WBI Education | No Archived Comments | Post A Comment (
A Meaningful New Year's Resolution: Gain in-depth knowledge about workplace bullying origins & solutions
Friday, January 2nd, 2015
A Meaningful New Year's Resolution
• To acquire a mastery of all aspects of the workplace bullying phenomenon: history of the international movement, distinguishing bullying from conflict and incivility, profiles of perpetrators and targets, origins and sustaining factors, understanding coworkers' actions, explaining counterintuitive and nonsensical patterns and practices, solutions for individuals and work teams and unions and managers and employers, introduction to international laws and American attempts to enact legislation.
• To familiarize yourself with the science that provides the knowledge foundation for the movement (over 320 articles provided to you)
• To apply, with legitimate authority, the new knowledge to your workplace in your organizational role, or to teach your union colleagues, or to add the specialty to your professional work, or to become an advocate.
• To overcome employer misunderstandings about, and resistance to eliminating, abusive workplace conduct
• To improve the lives of those currently suffering; to preclude misery for future targeted individuals
There's only one way to accomplish it … attend WBI's Workplace Bullying University®
WB University is the nation's first and only comprehensive training in workplace bullying for professionals. Attendees include entrepreneurs, HR directors, training directors, organizational consultants, EEO investigators, union officers, managers, attorneys, nurses, physicians, academic researchers, counselors, psychologists, and social workers.
Tags: Dr. Gary Namie, Dr. Ruth Namie, education, research, training, Workplace Bullying Institute, Workplace Bullying University
Posted in WBI Education, Workplace Bullying University | 1 Archived Comment | Post A Comment (
Torture & Workplace Bullying: Similar Abusive Tactics
Sunday, December 21st, 2014
At WBI we consistently draw the analogy between domestic violence and abusive conduct at work (the most serious forms of workplace bullying). Our rationale is based on the following commonalities shared by these two forms of abusive relationships:
• The abuser has more power to wield over the abused person
• The abuser unilaterally controls when, where and what method
• Abusers objectify, dehumanize and show contempt for victims
• Society tends to blame victims for their fate
• Victims are expected to solve their problem themselves
• Witnesses rarely intervene
• Institutional responses are delayed, inadequate and not helpful
• Root causes, often embedded societal values, remain unexplored
Advocates working to end domestic, or partner, violence described the myriad of tactics used by abusers using the 8-factor Biderman "chart of coercion." Albert Biderman interviewed US Air Force pilots who had been captured and tortured during the Korean war. The Chinese taught interrogation techniques to the North Koreans. The piolots described their experiences and Biderman distilled the range of techniques to eight fundamental methods designed to break the will of, and brainwash, the pilots. In 1957, Biderman published his report "Communist Attempts to Elicit False Confessions From Air Force Prisoners of War." [Note that Biderman recognized that torture produces false confessions. The 8-factor report became the model for US torture of prisoners at Guantanamo.] That article was the origin of the Biderman Chart of Coercion.
Domestic violence and child abuse advocates use the Biderman Chart to describe abusers' tactics in their specialty domains.
Therefore, it is logical for us to apply Biderman's Chart to workplace bullying, given the parallels with domestic violence. In its most extreme forms, bullying is torture. See the chart below.
Tags: abuse victims, abusers, abusive conduct, abusive relationships, Biderman, Chart of Coercion, interrogation methods, torture, workplace bullying
Posted in Bullying & Health, Tutorials About Bullying, WBI Education | No Archived Comments | Post A Comment (


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|is a Couple interested in a Woman for: Fetish, Groupsex, Sexual relations, Online flirting, Other
about me
This part is always SO hard, here's our first attempt :) We're fun-loving, crazy, costumey, gregarious, generous, heartfelt, warm and sexy (other people on Tribe said that...we are usually self-deprecating to the extreme...) Having only been here 12 months, we're already at the heart of San Francisco's sex-positive community as part of the core instigators for the brand of fun our group enjoys! We love to dress up, heck, we're originally from the South, so we can't go out "undone" We'll make you laugh and smile and we'll keep you interested...we love conversation and hope you do to. We're techies, promoters and event producers by day, at night...well, that's why we're here and you're looking at our profile :)
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The woman that we are interested in is sexy, confident (at least comes across as she is), loves to laugh, is a social charmer and loves to share herself. She takes extra care with her appearance. Size isn't our main focus, spunky personality, friendliness and sex appeal are. Our ideal fling is about girl on girl play with soft swap male interaction, it is about selflessness on both parts so that ultimate satisfaction is achieved. We're not interested in totally submissive woman that want to lay still. We are looking for a play partner that enjoys the give and take scenario. A sincere play opportunity to relax, tantalize, share sexually and possibly open new doors of play. Our intentions are sincere, we are here for friendships, relationships and adult fun. Please email us. We don't bite...well, Cat does.


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Nice...Update from doctor???
I know you were going to see your doctor today and I was just wondering what you found out.
thanks for asking
plan of action now is no LP for now (yay) sending me to an opthamologist to check my sight and any possible ' muscular/ macular???? problems (I was just gonna go to walmart) Then he wrote me a script and gonna try taking folic acid and magnesium supplements to possible slow my jumpy reflexes and possible that could stop this muscle tightening thing thats happening. Also I put to him that maybe this is the "flu and a broken leg" where my facial symptoms might be unrelated to my arm so he is now gonna check for carpel tunnel or other conductive problmes in my arm. in other words another test at the hospital...
so gonna do these things and see if I get some improvement. hi ho hi ho LOL
That's great that you don't need the LP for now. I would question just going to Walmart though for your eye check up...just saying maybe you would be better off going to a specialist. As a diabetic who is nearsighted I absolutely detest the zillion and one tests that mine does but he is very thorough with his eye exams.
I just had carpal tunnel surgery done on my non-dominant hand in February. and I have to say the surgery sure has come a long way from when I had the other hand done 20 years ago!
Don't you just LOVE all these tests...guess the only good thing is you don't have to study for them? LOL
I sure hope the supplements help to relieve your symptoms.
I agree with Barb.Nix the walmart and go to the MD thingy that does eyes. .. I always get them mixed up, but I think Ophthalmologist. You may be on to something that you have more than one thing going on. Well, at least the LP is out.
You were probably right in the beginning...you may never get a definite diagnosis. But hey, in the mean time there are hundreds of test they can send you for!!
Hope the supplements help!!


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Point Source Audio Re-Launches Website
Company growth spurs website re-design to support expanding dealer network
Novato, Calif., February 11, 2008 — Point Source Audio (PSA), a specialty manufacturer of popular high-end audio accessories announces the re-design of its website to more clearly showcase the first ever complete line of affordable ear-worn microphones and the unique wearing options available for its in-ear monitors. The website allows its network of resellers and end-users to learn more about the company's latest offerings and more easily access product information, including wiring schematics for coupling with wireless systems such as Shure, Audio-Technica and Sennheiser.
Point Source Audio's newly re-designed logo and website reflects the company's growth and commitment to the market. "The increasing popularity of our ear-worn microphones has validated our business approach in making these high-quality products more affordable to the market," said Doug Swan, PSA's Director of Sales. The website will continue to expand with technical and marketing resources to support its network of resellers but the new enhancements today include:
• Improved navigation – Drop-down boxes provide direct access to the products, testimonials and performance applications making it easier for visitors to find what they are looking for and know where they are within the website.
• Improved look and feel – Updated product images with enhanced details provide visitors with better clarity of the CO-Series' ear-worn product line and its other ear-worn accessories.
• New features – New support information for Services and wiring schematics for the ear-worn microphones are among some of the new content added.
In 2006 Point Source Audio–previously a dedicated OEM audio engineering firm–introduced its own line of ear-worn microphones covering a spectrum of performance specifications from high fidelity to speech optimization. The CO Series ear-worn microphones are available in three price points to meet the needs of Houses of Worship, theatres, classrooms, as well as corporate environments.
About Point Source Audio
Point Source Audio is a solution based design, engineering, and manufacturing company in the audio industry. With over 60 years of combined professional audio industry experience, the PSA product designers approach every product detail with a depth of understanding that results in ease, convenience, and efficiency in design.
Since 2002 Point Source Audio has developed, engineered and manufactured transducer products for companies under a variety of brands. While continuing to do this it's also focused on developing products under the Point Source Audio brand affording our customers a streamlined path for purchasing high value products. Point Source Audio has offices in California and Florida.
For more information, visit www.point-sourceaudio.com.
Related Topics: Houses of Worship, Microphones, New Products, News
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One Game to Rule Them All: Lord of the Rings Online and the MMO Market
Hanna Halaburda; William Collis; Rob McKeon; Ivan Nausieda
Price: $6.93
Turbine, Inc., is releasing a massively multiplayer online (MMO) game, The Lord of the Rings Online, based on the popular film trilogy. The firm's CEO needs to consider market conditions and game characteristics to build a business model for the game, decide which type of consumers to target-the hardcore gamers or the casual gamers-and form the optimal pricing scheme. One particular challenge he needs to face is that there is a dominant incumbent in the MMO market that Turbine enters, World of Warcraft. The case encourages students to explore the nature of the competition in the MMO market and to define characteristics of a successful business model.
Subjects Covered:
- Event Year Begin:1998
- Event Year End:2002
- Revision Date:
- Feb 16, 2012
- Publication Date:
- Oct 18, 2011
- Discipline:
- Strategy
- Source:
- Harvard Business School
- Product #:
- 8p, English PDF
- Also Available in:


text: I am thinking of selling my Cuttlebug with alphabet diecuts and some embossing dies. I used it a few times. I am trying to purge a lot of my stuff. Here's my question...I am going to attempt to sell this at a garage sale. What do you recommend I price this at?


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University of Missouri
Home | People | Locations | Program index | Calendar | News | Publications
Continuing education Seminars Courses
Ray County
mu extension > Ray County
The 2015 Ray County Soils and Crops Conference will be held Thursday February 5th, 8:30-3:00 at the Ray County Veterans Memorial Community Building in Richmond. The soils and crops conference gives area producers an opportunity to hear up-to-date information and ideas from University of Missouri specialists. With the current corn and soybean price outlook, producers should be looking carefully at input costs. State Ag. Economist, Dr. Ray Massey, will discuss Input Management in a Risky Time and will look into areas where producers can potentially save money. Agronomy Specialist, Wayne Flanary will give a presentation on the use of Micronutrients in Row Crop Operations and will share the results from several trials. Insect pests are a continuous problem year in and year out, and there are always more on the horizon. Dr. Wayne Bailey, state Entomologist will be on hand to discuss Corn and Soybean Insects, both Current and Emerging Threats. Dr. Kevin Bradley will give Weed Management Recommendations for 2015 and Beyond, concentrating on new herbicide traits and resistant weed management. Natural Resource Engineer, Kent Shannon, will conclude the conference with a talk on Making Management Decisions with Precision Ag Data. His talk will focus on what precision Ag tools are available today and their capabilities for organizing, storing, analyzing data for making better management decisions. There will be 5 CEUs offered for certified crop advisors. Click here to see an estimated schedule and session descriptions.
There is a $10 fee due at the door to help pay for unfunded cost of the program. Those who are interested can contact the Ray County Extension Center at 816-776-6961 or email email@example.com for more information or to pre-register. Pre-registration is requested by Monday, February 2nd to ensure adequate food.
MU Extension is the University of Missouri's classroom in Ray County. We connect people to research-based education to enrich the quality of life and enhance the economic well-being of our communities. MU Extension in Ray County is your one-stop source for practical education and information on almost anything.
MU Extension partners with the New Ray Commission and other local organizations to provide education, information and services that meet people's needs. The elected and appointed members of the Ray County Extension Council provide guidance in identifying those needs to ensure that our educational programs are relevant, reliable and responsive.
Whether it's resources for yourself or your family, farm, business or community, we invite you to explore our website, call or email to learn how we can help you.
2014 Ray County Parent Education Program Schedule — 8th Circuit
All classes will be held from 5-7:30 p.m. at the Ray County Extension Center, Eagleton Civic Center, 1015 W. Royle Street, Richmond, MO 64085. The cost is $35 per person. Pre-registration is required, to register contact: Circuit Clerk, 816-776-2235, P. O. Box 594, Richmond, MO 64085. FOCUS on KIDS contact: Jessica Trussell, 660-646-0811.
2014 dates: December 17.
If your case is being heard in Ray County, contact the Circuit Court in this county. If your case is being heard in another county or out-of-sate, and you wish to take one of the classes listed above, contact: Jessica Trussell at the Livingston County University of Missouri Extension 660-646-0811 or email: email@example.com.
Friday, March 27, 2015
Sunday, March 29, 2015
Monday, March 30, 2015
Wednesday, April 1, 2015
Thursday, April 2, 2015
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text:
'Dragon 2,' '22 Jump' are not much alike
Current films are reviewed each week to provide parents a guide to decide what may be appropriate to younger viewers.
How To Train Your Dragon 2
Rating: PG for adventure action and some mild rude humor
What it's about: Hiccup and his dragon pal Toothless contend with new threats – dragon-nappings and a guy who wants to build a dragon army.
The kid attractor factor: It's the sequel to one of the biggest animated hits in recent history.
Good lessons / bad lessons: "Men who kill without reason cannot be reasoned with."
Violence: Brawls, and a death
Language: As tame as the dragons
Sex: Nary a hint
Drugs: Ditto
Parents' advisory: Darker and more action-driven than joke-reliant, this is OK for all ages.
22 Jump Street
Rating: R for language throughout, sexual content, drug material, brief nudity and some violence
What it's about: "It's exactly the same" as "21 Jump Street" – except the buddy cops pretend to be college kids this time.
The kid attractor factor: Channing Tatum and Jonah Hill, shooting and dancing and riffing and goofing
Good lessons / bad lessons: "College is where you find out who you were meant to be."
Violence: Yes, with bullets and blood and explosions
Language: Profanity, a.k.a. "how Jonah Hill talks"
Sex: Explicit sex toys, homoerotic gags
Drugs: A main plot element, joked about but treated as illegal. And college kids drink. A lot.
Parents' advisory: Closer to a PG-13 than you might think, juvenile enough for 13-and-up
Join the Discussion
The Sacramento Bee is pleased to provide this opportunity to share information, experiences and observations about what's in the news. Some of the comments may be reprinted elsewhere on the site or in the newspaper. We encourage lively, open debate on the issues of the day, and ask that you refrain from profanity, hate speech, personal comments and remarks that are off point. Thank you for taking the time to offer your thoughts.


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900 results
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"Why Christians are Duped by Ponzi Schemes!"
in Finance
I don't know how many different ways we can say this. We have said it at least 1,000 times on MM Uncut. The DEVIL only has ONE TRICK; and that trick is "DECEPTION!"
When are Christians going to stop falling for the "okie-doke?"
Ponzi schemes are flawless in the BOC because the prosperity message has saturated your common sense and rationality. Ephren Taylor and Michael Winans, Jr. are just a few examples of how the wolves have exploited the sheep.
Tonight on UNCUT..we goin' in on the Ponzi Schemers and Schemettes! Don't touch that dial!
Wealth Creation And Preservation - Bernie Madoff and Ponzi Schemes
in Education
All Things Economic
The Great Delusion: Money Manipulation, Ponzi Schemes in the Charismatic Church
in Spirituality
On Thursday morning, January (Janus) 29th, 2015 (9 Sh'bat 5775) at 10AM EST (900 AM CST), your Brother (Akhy) in YAHUAH will be talking, teaching, and testifying about the illegal use of the 501(c)3 funding and the money manipulation in the church today plus what does it means to the True Chosen Remnant of the Almighty Creator..Please join us by calling in at (347) 884-8468 or just click on the link below and be blessed. Love you in Spirit and in Kingdom Truth! Shalum. Shalum. Halal u YAHUAH!
Pimp Preacher Justice: Ephren Taylor Goes To Jail!
in Religion
A few years ago, Eddie Long endorsed and introduced Ephren Taylor to his parishioners as part of a wealth-building seminar. Many people attended and invested in his business model. Several invested their retirement and life savings. Unfortunately, Ephren Taylor's wealth-building "business" was nothing more than a ponzi scheme. Everyone lost their money.
But like Martin Luther King once said, "The ark of the moral universe is long, but it bends towards justice". Ephren Taylor is going to jail.
But this raises another question. Should churches be marketing business investments to their parishioners? If so, if the deal goes bad, should they be held responsible too?
All this and more will be discussed on today's CHURCH FOLK REVOLUTION RADIO!
President Obama has decided he wants to make everybody vote
If I am not mistaken, isn't it the job of the President and his office to execute laws created by the Legislative Branch not create laws themselves. How does the President keep thinking he can do whatever it is he wants? He has tried it with immigration and wants to get made that the court won't give him an answer when he wants it does. He wants to make community college free for two years. He knows he does not have the support to get any of his harebrained schemes passed. We will be looking more into Hilary's missing emails, and I have to finish my rant with Al's mysterious fires. There are a few other things we will dig into some people asses. Ted Cruz is being hammered for signing up for Obamacare plus there have been two police shootings in Atlanta that involve two black men being killed. There are two distinct differences between the two and I will lay out those differences. I will be glad to get this discussion going tomorrow LIVE from 2pm to 4pm. Until then keep checking on twitter (minority_30034) and giving me more ideas. The 2016 election will be here before you know it and we have to get some real Conservatives back in power
What Do You Think, 4--Pyramids & The Perceived Money That You Can Make
in Lifestyle
Pyramids have evolved since they began. Pyramids, also known as M.L.M. (multi-level marketing) now offers products and services such as cell phones, energy, coffee, etc...My question is...Listen in. You can make your comment in the Media Blast Group on FB or send an e-mail to firstname.lastname@example.com or text 443.790.6303.
Heart Secrets Talks w/ Belinda Farrell
in Women
As a Certified Master Hypnotherapist, NLP Master Practitioner, Huna Practitioner, and Reconnective Healing Practitioner, Belinda is effective at getting results and enhancing performance in people's lives. Dealing with the lost of her son from suicide and losing all her money from a Ponzi scheme, Belinda knew she had to do something to change her life. She writes about it in her book, "Find Your Friggin Joy." Join us as we talk with Belinda about how she pieced her life back together.
Why Most Top Producing Agents Make NO Profit (Part 2)
in Real Estate
It's heresy - but it's true! Most top-producers make almost NO profit in their real estate businesses, which is why they often turn to expensive lead-generation schemes & build larger & larger teams to try and stay on top of their expenses. What are these well-known, top-producing agents doing wrong - and how can you avoid making the same mistake that's led them down this dead-end path in business? Today, Tim & Julie Harris discuss production vs. profit, and explain how you can make MORE money in your business while keeping MORE of it as profit!
Schedule A Free Coaching Call
Visit Tim & Julie Harris Online
Listen on iTunes
Listen on Stitcher
American Sovereignty Radio
in Politics
Tonight we welcome Patriots Karen Sigemond and Evan Sayet to discuss their new venture, BeTheMedia. Karen is the founder of Rage Against the Media and Evan is the author of the book The Kindergarden of Eden.
This show is about sovereignty. Sovereignty in the home, in our local communities, and in our States as well as our Nation. CommonCore, CSCOPE, ObamaCare, the EPA, BLM, and a plethora of other schemes and government agencies are trying hard to take away our rights and freedoms.
Join Jennifer Montrose (AL), Dan Wilson (FL), and Scott Osborn (TX) as we discuss the latest happenings and open up a free speech dialogue around the nation. We welcome you to call in and join the discussion!
Why Most Top Producing Agents Make NO Profit
in Real Estate
It's heresy - but it's true! Most top-producers make almost NO profit in their real estate businesses, which is why they often turn to expensive lead-generation schemes & build larger & larger teams to try and stay on top of their expenses. What are these well-known, top-producing agents doing wrong - and how can you avoid making the same mistake that's led them down this dead-end path in business? Today, Tim & Julie Harris discuss production vs. profit, and explain how you can make MORE money in your business while keeping MORE of it as profit!
Schedule A Free Coaching Call
Visit Tim & Julie Harris Online
Listen on iTunes
Listen on Stitcher
NY Giants - Round Table: Big Blue Passion
in Sports
Check out the Offseason discussion of the NY Football Giants with the Bleed Blue Show platform with hosts and stakeholders to have open dialogue with this season in review, off season moves to be had and ways to improve the team from the fan perspective. This episode will touch on the NFL Combine and more emphasis with Free Agency. Off season personnel moves, changes in schemes, free agency, draft, roster adjustments, and transactions as a whole - what are you expecting as a NY Giants fans between now and the NFL Draft. There will be a lot of offseason discussion to be had and can be found right here on the Giants Round Table. Tune into the BleedBlueShow.
Twitter: @BleedBlueShow
Instagram: @BleedBlueShow
Don gives notice to Satan get thee behind me.
Many men make mistakes and allow women who have the JEZEBEL spirit to influence them and eventually control them. Pastor Fran is on an assignment in NYC. As Pastor Fran obeys God and hear His voice Don is humbling himself, learning about the schemes and tactics of them enemy. LIsten to this segment as you hear Don testify to what God is doing through the Holy Spirit to deliver him and set him free. JOANN is soon to be xgirl friend is a Wicked Witch who practices withcraft, has tatoos all over her body and does not believe in God.
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1. Spoon 1 1/2 teaspoons sugar into each of 4 (5-ounce) goblets.
2. Add 2 tablespoons whiskey to each. Fill with coffee to within 1/2 inch of rim.
3. Float a heaping tablespoonful of whipped cream on coffee in each goblet by sliding it off a spoon. Serve at once.


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New Fly Fisher
Hunting for TroutSeries Website »
Episode Guide »
Red Deer, AB provides a perfect backdrop of The New Fly Fisher's trout hunting expedition. Join host Phil Rowley as he searches for these magnificent fish.
Holly is on a mission to get to know more Vermonters, what inspires them, what makes them tick, and to learn how Vermont PBS can better serve. Watch the video...
Did you miss Brothers of the Gut? You can still order the DVD. Check out the documentary page for more info!
Original series, specials, documentaries and web shows produced by Vermont PBS
A second HD broadcast service offering alternative programming and more content from local and regional producers.


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"I learned more from Susan in a matter of hours than from all the management, leadership and team-building trainings I've taken in 18 years. And it works in my personal life too." — Carl J. Flood, VP Worldwide Management, American Express
Welcome to THE TECHNOLOGY of SUCCESS, the powerful leadership system that has been used in more than 3,000 major corporations, universities and organizations across the globe since 1985.
THE TECHNOLOGY of SUCCESS is based on the groundbreaking work of Susan Ford Collins, who began her career as a young researcher at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Susan had a radical idea—what more could we learn if we studied healthy, Highly Successful People (HSPs), not just ill and dysfunctional ones? Are HSPs using skills the rest of us are missing, or misusing?
"Susan Ford Collins spent two decades studying successful people. Now she shares with others what she has learned about management and leadership." — Lou Dobbs, CNN
In her research, Susan Ford Collins shadowed successful people from all walks of life and identified 10 skills they were using consistently but unconsciously. With the help of her business partner Richard Israel—himself a highly accomplished author and coach—she shaped her research into a powerhouse program focusing on the 10 Success Skills.
When all 10 Success Skills are used correctly, individual and team productivity, collaboration and creativity rises to the next level. And profitability rises with it. This powerful leadership and career advancement program has been used by American Express, Ryder System, Digital Equipment, Florida Power & Light and CNN.
Today,THE TECHNOLOGY of SUCCESS continues the work of teaching these success and leadership skills in corporate training programs, educational workshops, individual and team coaching sessions. As a part of reaching out to a whole new generation, we are proud to announce the release of a new edition of the complete TECHNOLOGY of SUCCESS BOOK SERIES, including The Joy of Success, Success Has Gears, and Our Children Are Watching.
"I have been reading books on success for over 30 years. This is one of the most sophisticated and useful ones I have ever read. I highly recommend it." — Jack Canfield, coauthor Chicken Soup for the Soul series
No matter whether you are changing jobs or relationships, starting or managing companies, families, or just working to improve your own well-being and happiness, The Technology of Success is here to help.
What can THE TECHNOLOGY of SUCCESS do for YOU? Join our Clients:
CNN, American Express, Digital Equipment, Kimberly-Clark, Ryder System, Florida Power & Light, Dow Chemical, IBM, Merrill Lynch, Allure Magazine/CondeNast, The Miami Herald, Levitz Furniture, Coopers & Lybrand, The Upjohn Company, InterAmerican Mayors Conference, US Foreign Trade Institute, Women in Leadership in China, Texas Early Childhood Intervention, City of Miami, Miami-Dade County, Coral Gables Police Department, Idaho Education Association, Florida Department of Education, Communities in Schools, Informed Families, Red Ribbon Campaign, Take Stock In Children, Philadelphia 911 Survivors Group, University of Chicago Graduate School of Business, Barry University School of Business, University of Richmond Jepson School of Leadership Studies, Seaside Community Development Corporation, Boise State University Center for Management Development, University of Miami, Nova University, Florida International University, Ponce de Leon Middle School, Waldorf and Independent Private Schools Association, Princeton Montessori Teacher Training Center, Woodhull Institute for Ethical Leadership, Florida Department of Education, National Association of Independent Schools, WIC Employee Enrichment Conference, Colas International Haiti, eWomen Network International Conference, Landry and Kling, Celebrity Cruise Line, Comtread, Bookigee
THE TECHNOLOGY of SUCCESS Book Series… compact, concise and powerful…
the perfect toolbox for today's "always-on" world.
A message to you from Susan Ford Collins https://vimeo.com/122844161
www.technologyofsuccess.com or email@example.com


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IVL specialist in brand new cars purchased and massive corporate discounts. With 30 to 40% off leading brands the whole life costs are extremely compelling. We are accredited to several major finance houses who specialize in buying cars and vans directly from the manufacturer. They cover most of the car sectors from the super mini class up to top executive cars, 4×4 and commercial vehicles of all sizes.
Below is a selection of the latest offer Click here to see more special offers
Mini 2.0D Cooper SD 5dr Chili/Media XLFrom:£242.62 +VAT
Mitsubishi Outlander 5Dr 2.0 Phev 4WD GX3H AutoFrom:£223.59 +VAT
BMW 318D Sport 4dr 2.0 ltr 143bhpFrom:£239.16 +VAT
VW Passat Estate 2.0 TDI SE Business Estate 150 bhpFrom:£223.33 +VAT
Volkswagen Golf GT TDI 150 bhp 5 drFrom:£256 +VAT
Ford Transit Custom 270 SWB Diesel FWD Low Roof Trend 125PsFrom:£195 +VAT
We all can quote on every make and model and derivative, to suit all tastes and budgets.Click here to see them all!


text:
Credits & Info
- Date
- 10/14/2008
- File Info
- Loop
- 35 sec
- Score
- 4.06 / 5.00
Related Content
Licensing Terms
- Attribution:
- You must give credit to the artist.
- Noncommercial:
- You may not use this work for commercial purposes unless you make specific arrangements with the artist.
- Share Alike:
- If you alter, transform, or build upon this image, you may distribute the resulting creation only under a license identical to this one.
- Score:
- Rated 4.06 / 5 stars
- Plays & Downloads:
- 1,965 Plays | 128 Downloads
- Share Links:
- Genres:
- Metal, Rock - Heavy Metal
- None
Author Comments
Rated 5 / 5 stars
Lmao! :D
Ahaha, Symphony X. lmao lmao. I had ideas of covering that one as well. But I'm too many other projects at the moment to get something done in that resort. The Intro is boob on. Can't find anything wrong with it, cept what you've pointed out yourself already. ;)
Other than that. Nice! :D
0'd! lmao
Cheers for the review bro :D. Nice to see that you enjoyed it. And thanks for the 0 :P
Rated 5 / 5 stars
Not much to say except awesome song...keep up the good work
Cheers, stay tuned for the finished piece \m/
Rated 5 / 5 stars
holy shit this is sick, im used to the "clasic" metal style like metallica, megadeth and others but this track was awsome. really great.
I'm a Metallica fan too hehe. Thanks a lot for the review :D
Rated 5 / 5 stars
this is amazing
another amazing song, you have some real talent
Thanks a lot man :D.
Rated 5 / 5 stars
You're fucking back, motherFUCKEEEEER !!!
... Lol woot this is da new shitz, mate ^^ ! I'm glad to hear your songs once again !! This one is pretty short but excellent ! Stay brutal, mate !! \m/
Haha oue ! I'm back ! Merci pour la revue, ca fait plaisir de te voir de retour aussi ! Est-ce que tu nous prepart un fuckin' amazing new song ?


text:
you can take that 1.0 and shove it up ur distended asshole
Digging: Kendrick Lamar - Delete this album
Album Rating: 4.5 six six six
Album Rating: 4.5homeworking my way through vectorial decomposition, and i must admit Salvatore Sciarrino's of great assistance!
nm just making new friends as usual
will check this
amazing album
Album Rating: 4.5The mood on this is so awesome
Album Rating: 2.0Not a good album.
i remember when i was gay
Bands: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z


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Facelift WORTH IT RATING DETAILS
in the last 24 months
in the last 12 months
over all time
Reviews from the Community
63 YO Woman with Aging Face and Neck - College Station, TX
Like so many of us, I have been considering a facelift for some time. I needed to find the right doctor with all the credentials. Dr Schmidt in College Station Texas at "The face place" was the doctor I chose. He is not only an ear nose and throat doctor but also a plastic surgeon. double... READ MORE
My Traditional Facelift Journey in Denver, Colorado -
My surgery is scheduled with Dr. Michael Menachof on January 13, 2015. I am super excited.. and of course a little nervous.. but I know that I am in excellent hands... so all is good. I am 49 years young and its time for a face tune up .... my goal is a more youthful well defined neck with a... READ MORE
Denmark Upper Eye Lids,Lowerfacelift and Necklift - Copenhagen, NY
I live in a country cosmetic surgery is a big no no. It is considered fake and disgusting. I'm so happy I found you all. Maybe you can help me through this since I will not be able to share this experience eith anyone. I'm going to be 48( i will post photos somewhat disguised later). All, I want... READ MORE
Young 63 Year Old - Face, Neck and Upper Eyelids
Nerves are starting to set in. Surgery is Friday. I've been doubling up on the Arnica and pineapple to hopefully help with swelling and bruising. I did a lot of research on my doctor and after meeting with him a couple of times, I feel comfortable with putting my face in his hands. I work... READ MORE
Disappointed in San Diego - Short Incision Facelift with Extended Neck, Infra Orbital Fat Transfer - San Diego, CA
You have only one face and I feel I put the care of it in the wrong hands. I sought out a solution to address some sagging in my face causing jowels and the hollowing showing around the outside of my eye area. I will leave out issues I has about pre-operative care in the review of the doctor... READ MORE
Most Greatful Every Year for 15 Years Now. - Boston, MA
Extraordinary doctor! Dr. Y. performed 2 procedures in year 2000 and in 2010 Half lift. I look at least 20 years younger and very natural. I find very important to maintain my skin after surgery by attending medical spas and perform non invasive procedures. After all, plastic surgeon is... READ MORE
60 Years Old Hated Turkey Neck and Tired Looking Eyes - Birmingham, GB
Have been thinking of surgery for a few years , have been having fillers and Botox for about 6 years, which has been great but found this realy was not achieveing what I realy wanted. I wanted my face to look firmer and my neck (hated my turkey neck) went to see Mr Evriviades had a long chat no... READ MORE
52, Face Looks So Miserable and Tired Reflecting Tough Times, Maybe Facelift/lower Lid Lift/botox the Answer? - Belgium
I have a facelift etc booked with the straight-talking Dr Oelbrandt at the Singelberg Clinic, Belgium. I've had one consultation with him (after reading positive reviews of his work on various sites) - I liked him because he wasn't pushy at all, seemed (brutally) honest and suggested... READ MORE
Facelift in Costa Rica
Tomorrow is the big day! I am having some real nerves about this! When I had Lasik 14 years ago, I thought...I could be blind after today. Well I didn't end up blind. I did however have a not so great tummy tuck which really brought home the risk of surgery. So here I am... getting a total... READ MORE
67 Year Tune-Up -Saggy Jowls Must Go. SC
I haven't seen a picture of myself that I liked for several years. I was looking more & more like certain aging family members of the past & present & it was not a good look for me! In fact, the only decent pictures of me were taken by someone else, in a dimly-lit room & usually involving some... READ MORE
Lower Face Lift and Neck Lipo - Torquay, GB
Having surgery on Wednesday,getting very jumpy and nervous but really need this done,not all family know ,the ones that do aren't happy,but they have youth on their side and no horrible neck.please lovely people will need lots of support after Wednesday.having lower face lift and neck lipo.i... READ MORE
57- Face Lift/neck Lift, Chemical Peel, Blepharoplasty W/ Fat Injections Cheeks & Lower Eye, Breast Life W/ Silicone Implants
I just want to look fresh and awake, it seemed as if Literally I looked in the mirror one day and all of a sudden my skin was sliding down my face and the skin on the top of my eyes were laying on my eyelashes, my boobs were now under my arms when I layed down and I thought "OMG when did this... READ MORE
Doing It for Me - Fort Lauderdale, FL
I am a 70 year old woman who had rhinoplasty as a teenager, breast reduction as a 40-something, and am planning for a neck lift, facelift, and upper and lower bleph. I was happy with the results of the previous surgeries, and remember wishing I had done them earlier. Why am I doing this now?... READ MORE
Facelift with Dr. Arguello in Costa Rica -- 2/18/15
I'm 58 years old and have always taken good care of myself with supplements, exercise and bio-identical hormones, which I started about 3 years after menopause. I feel like I'm in my twenties most of the time. The bod is 103 pounds of toned muscle. When your mind tells you that you are... READ MORE
54 Year-Old - My Sagging Face Didn't Match My Toned Body! - Cincinnati, Ohio
In my early 50's, I began to notice that my skin seemed to be sagging – particularly along my jowls and neck. I actually felt like my face did not match my body – as I workout regularly and my body is petite and toned – but no amount of working out or Retin A or Vitamin C and E will... READ MORE
63.5 Years Old and Sagging! - Asheville, NC
I am retired and have decided after much soul searching, researching and review of this site, that it's time (really past time) to do something about the aging saggy skin I have developed on my face, eyelids and neck over the past several years. So, today I'm seeing Dr David H Harley at Biltmore... READ MORE
lost weight and needed a face lift - Raleigh, NC
I had lost some weight and was still working out with a trainer i was 64 years of age and had some loose skin and fat under my chin..So i had my upper and lower eyes, neck everything but a brow lift i did not need…after 8 years now people still can't believe i my age of 72…dr. High is just... READ MORE
Facelife. Santa Ana, CA
I wanted to enhance my appearance, I was recommended by a very dear friend. She also was recommend by a friend of hers. So I made an appointment. Dr. Lee is very professional . I could not have been more comfortable, he was very easy to talk to and answered every question I had. I would... READ MORE
63 Years Old, Facelift, Neck Lift, Temple Lift, Fat Transfers, Laser Resurfacing - San Francisco, CA
I'm 63 years old and have always maintained a young-looking, lean, fit and trim body; but over the last decade I was noticing my face was really looking old and tired. I'd been thinking about a facelift for several years so my face would match the rest of my body and look like I feel. I met Dr... READ MORE
One Day After the Op! - London, GB
So far I have found Dominic to be a breath of fresh air! I love the results just 24 hours after, am walking around and feeling pretty ok. Having had a face, neck and brow lift I expected to look (and feel) much worse! Pic is before op and after - I will keep you updated as I progress and on... READ MORE


text:
You won't be able to dismiss this by usual means (escape or click button), but you can close it programatically based on user choices or actions.
"I ordered these stickers to place on tags I purchased at a craft store. These turned out perfect! The size is great and the font is a good size too. I had ordered stickers elsewhere that were too small and the words were hard to read. These were perfect and really colorful! I'm putting these tags on small bottles that I will fill up with sand and give as wedding favors for our beach wedding. Turned out great!"
"These gift tags are perfect for the bridal shower that I am planning. I am doing a small favor and I will putting these on the gift bags that the favor is going to come in."
"The design is nice but I would have liked the flexibility to change the size of the "statement" to include more wording at the bottom; like full first names instead of initials."
"Was able to make all the requested changes and they shipped ahead of time. They are a little flimsy but they serve its purpose."
"These cards came out beautiful. The paper is high quality and the printing is perfect. I'm very happy with how they came out."


text:
Recipe Rescue: The Perfect Bowl of Oatmeal for a Power Packed Breakfast
The perfect bowl of oatmeal is as simple as making a piece of toast, all it takes is a little patience to power pack your breakfast.
The perfect bowl of oatmeal is as simple as making a piece of toast, all it takes is a little patience to power pack your breakfast.
If you have denied yourself the beloved Monte Cristo Sandwich because of the massive amounts of calories, think again. Okay, so there isn't any real way to bring it down to the calories in celery, but when you can save a few, let's eat!
Recipe Rescue is compiling a handful or so of recipes for the big game, football finger foods. And while we are all getting geared up to eat, drink and root on our team why not throw a little cheese into the mix.
Making hot wings at home is typically a nightmare. The house smells like grease for days, the kitchen is messy and you are exhausted from standing there for hours waiting for each batch to cook. Try this Recipe Rescue no fuss hot wing recipe for the big game.
Recipe Rescue is a cool feature that allows you to tap into your inner foodie, cook and always in a hurry mom. Great recipe ideas for all types of schedules, check out these quick and easy super game finger foods.
Whenever the need for a snack hits or your dragging and need an energy boost, check out this recipe for peanut butter energy balls. They're healthy and crazy good.
Recipe Rescue is a great little recipe box created about four years ago to help you in the kitchen, whether you have all day or only 30 minutes. Check out these slow cooker pork chops.
If your house is like many others, breakfast is an after thought when planning your Thanksgiving day meal. With Recipe Rescue you can make your Thanksgiving day breakfast ahead of time and relax.
If you're like most people, you're too busy to think about a meal next week, but with this being the last paycheck before Turkey Day, it's time to hit the grocery store.
Who doesn't like biscuits? They're so flexible and can turn into anything. Try these recipe rescue refrigerator biscuit bombs with soup, they're perfect mates.
If you aren't a big fan of the super sweet, sweet potato casserole you see on most Thanksgiving tables, try this recipe rescue sweet potato make-over.
Recipe Rescue takes you on a trip down holiday lane, time to test that Thanksgiving Day Dinner recipe, call it a trial run.


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This product has a FreakScore of 5.1 out of 10 based on 60 scores.
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I just recently purchased a vehicle equipped w/ Pioneer Avic D3...no manual however... How do I [1]Set the clock & [2] Access xm Sat Radio...thanks
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"Act as if what you do makes a difference. It does." William James
Macro of sunlight on blades of grass.
Beautiful image and quote!
Lovely image, sorry we cannot accept it into Glitter, Sparkle & Shine because of the writing.
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Wonderful message in a wonderful image!!! Nice work Astrid! ~kim


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The MLP and its private equity backer Quantum Energy team up for acquisitions in a distressed market, but A&D may not kick into high gear until second-half 2015.
Whitecap Resources pays $115,200 per boe/d for production in the Viking, a highly economical oil asset near the Kerrobert area of west central Saskatchewan.
With acreage the Barnett Shale, Delaware Basin and Horn River Basin, the company wants to reorganize and is continuing to pay vendors, maintain payroll.
Deal activity flounders as Cabot Oil & Gas Corp., Energen Corp., Diamondback Energy Inc., Gulfport Energy Corp. and others are said to be companies that may be targeted for deals but would command premiums, analyst says.
Operators in the Utica, Eagle Ford and other prominent shales have raised an average $429 million, some with an eye toward buying core assets in a down market.
A sharp drop in revenue and deal to merge with competitor Eos Petro Inc. fell through, according to court filings March 9 in Austin, Texas, Bloomberg said.
The top Bakken producer's capex is down 50% compared with 2014, and its shares are down 63% from a 52-week high in late August.
Oil and gas companies will spend about $450 billion buying each other this year.
'The Anadarko Basin is not a five-minute story like other shale plays. It is more complex, but we like the optionality of either oil, gas or liquids, shallow and deep,' said Four Point's Brad Marvin.
When the price collapse is no longer the hot topic of discussion, we will get back to business in the property transaction market, analyst says.
Huge deals came back just in time in the summer of 2014 as the rest of the year unspooled a tickertape of declining oil prices. In 2015, deals will be made by aggressors and risk takers.
Oil prices at five-year lows are crimping cash flow for energy producers, which are selling shares to fund spending plans.


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Advancing Afghan Agriculture
The northern region of Afghanistan is the bread basket of the country. USAID is working with farmers to improve their farming techniques so they can nincrease their yields and earn more money from farming.
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December 9, 2014
December 4, 2014
December 4, 2014
Last updated: December 09, 2014


text:
An apparatus and method are disclosed for regulating a high voltage DC supply derived from a plurality of unstable high voltage signals. The invention functions to derive a high voltage DC signal from a received unstable high voltage signals. A derived signal is modulated and communicated to a series resonant regulation circuit by varying the operating frequency of the modulation device, while maintaining a fixed pulsed width full duty cycle operation, the output signal is translated in relation to the resonant frequency of the series resonant circuit, causing corresponding variations in the output voltage level.
1. A power conditioner for powering microwave power amplifiers comprising:
a) an input port for receiving at least one unstable high voltage DC input;
b) a variable frequency invertor drive unit in electrical communication with the input port, said drive comprising a fixed pulse width modulator to generate a high voltage square-wave output frequency signal, and a frequency modulation circuit operative to frequency regulate said square-wave output signal in response to a received difference signal; and
c) a series resonant circuit having a resonant frequency and in electrical communication with the invertor drive unit to receive said square-wave output frequency signal, said resonant circuit operative to compare the frequency of said square-wave output signal with said resonant frequency and to therefrom generate said difference signal communicated to said frequency modulation circuit wherein the resulting frequency regulated square-wave output signal is maintained within a predetermined offset frequency range above said resonant frequency.
2. The power conditioner as recited in claim 1 wherein the received high voltage DC input is between 1600V to 2400V.
3. The power conditioner as recited in claim 1 wherein the invertor comprises a plurality of field effect transistors (FETs) disposed in series connection, the FETs being arranged in a half-bridge configuration and operable to chop the high voltage DC input in response to operation of the frequency modulation control circuit.
4. The power conditioner as recited in claim 1 wherein the frequency modulation control circuit is operative to generate FET on/FET off signals to regulate the operation of the FETs.
5. The power conditioner as recited in claim 4 wherein the frequency modulation control circuit is operative to generate two FET off signals during each half cycle of FET operation.
6. The power conditioner as recited in claim 5 wherein a first FET off signal is generated at the end of each half cycle, and a second FET off signal is generated less than one quarter FET cycle thereafter.
7. The power conditioner as recited in claim 6 wherein the second FET off signal is generated approximately 400 nsec after the first FET off signal.
8. The power conditioner as recited in claim 7 wherein the second FET off signal is operative to prevent FET drain to gain capacitance from turning the FET back on during the invertor edges.
9. The power conditioner as recited in claim 8 wherein the second FET off signal is operative to eliminate undesirable commutation currents.
10. The power conditioner as recited in claim 1 wherein the frequency modulation control circuit operates at a normal frequency of 150 kHz.
11. The power conditioner as recited in claim 10 wherein the frequency modulation control circuit is operative to modulate chop frequencies between 100 kHz and 300 kHz.
12. The power conditioner as recited in claim 1 further comprising a post regulator circuit, connected to the invertor output to enhance stability of the invertor output in response to variations in input signal and variations in load conditions.
13. The power conditioner as recited in claim 12 wherein the power amplifier includes a cathode in electrical communication with the post regulator circuit.
14. A method of selectively regulating a high voltage DC supply of a high voltage microwave amplifier disposed within a tethered aircraft decoy, the method comprising:
a) receiving a plurality of unstable high voltage signals;
b) combining the received high voltage signals to generate a derived high voltage DC signal;
c) communicating the derived high voltage signal to a series resonant regulation circuit;
d) comparing the frequency of said high voltage signal with a predetermined resonant frequency of said resonant regulation circuit; and
e) varying the operating frequency of a fixed pulse width modulator used to generate the derived high voltage signal, the frequency variation being effective to translate the derived voltage signal in relation to the resonant frequency of the series resonant circuit, wherein the varied voltage level of the derived high voltage signal output is maintained within an offset predetermined frequency range above said resonant frequency.
15. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the received high voltage signals are communicated via an extended length tow cable, and wherein the tow cable resistance is variable by +/−30 percent.
(Not Applicable)
(Not Applicable)
The present invention relates to apparatus and technique for regulating stacked high voltage DC power supplies, e.g., having individual section output voltages in the range of 300 to 1,000 volts DC. More particularly, the invention relates to an invertor circuit for deriving stable, high voltage supplies from unstable reference voltages, with the minimum of weight and complexity.
One application of the present invention concerns towed aircraft decoys incorporating high voltage components, such as traveling wave tubes. Such devices normally require multiple high voltage inputs, only some of which may be directly available from the aircraft voltage distribution system. Signals and high voltage inputs are communicated from the aircraft to the decoy via an extended length tow line. The high voltage inputs are attenuated by the tow line by amounts that correspond to factors such as length of the tow line, the temperature which the tow line is exposed, and other environmental factors. As a result, the voltage levels received by the decoy may vary considerably in response to particular flight conditions. In turn, those variances cause instability in relation to power signals derived from the voltage levels communicated via the tow line. As a result of those variances in the required and derived voltage levels, the efficiency of the decoy invertor circuit is reduced, and output of the traveling wave tube may be degraded.
Contemporary devices have utilized techniques for regulating outputs derived from unstable input sources. One such technique is based on pulse width modulation in response to received signal levels. By modulating the pulse width, the invertor output voltage may be regulated to remain within confined limits. However, pulse width modulation techniques typically require complex circuitry adapted to accommodate pulse width changes within the switching circuitry. While such contemporary techniques are suitable for certain applications, they are less useful in environments where space and complexity limitations favor simple techniques that reliably function in hostile temperature or electronic environments.
The present invention is directed to providing such apparatus and techniques for regulating derived high voltage DC signals, using a simple technique that will reliably operate in a variety of hostile environments.
Although not specific to towed decoy applications, this technology lends itself to operation of high frequency power amplifiers where compact, efficient, and capable power conditioner circuitry is locally installed in a decoy aerobody. A three wire towed decoy topology, for example, provides source voltages of −2000 Vdc, +350 Vdc, and a return line for a remotely located high frequency power conditioner via a small wire gauge tow cable. For such decoy applications, at least two high frequency power amplifiers are required (TWTs), which results in a total input power of over 1400 Watts with full RF drive.
Due to resistive tow cable losses and the resulting power transfer limitations, power requirement for such applications cannot be taken from the +350 Vdc source. The alternate method of providing this power, at the end of the tow cable, is to use the high voltage, −2000 Vdc, as the prime power source for the remote resonant switch mode invertor. Resistance and power transfer limitations will force a split of power from the −2000V source and from the +350 V source.
An apparatus and method are disclosed for regulating a high voltage DC supply derived from a plurality of unstable high voltage signals. The invention functions to derive a high voltage DC signal from a received unstable high voltage signals. A derived signal is modulated and communicated to a series resonant regulation circuit by varying the operating frequency of the modulation device, while maintaining a fixed pulsed width full duty cycle operation, the output signal is translated in relation to the resonant frequency of the series resonant circuit, causing corresponding variations in the output voltage level.
FIG. 1 is an electrical block diagram illustrating exemplary use of the present invention in conjunction with a pair of traveling wave tubes;
FIG. 2 is an electrical wiring diagram illustrating exemplary signal levels and wiring connections implementing a six wire version of the circuit illustrated in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an electrical schematic diagram of a variable frequency invertor drive and resonant invertor, in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an electrical schematic diagram of a high voltage output and linear post regulator circuit, in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a series of timing diagrams illustrating electrical signals within the circuits illustrated at FIGS. 3 and 4;
FIG. 6 is a series of electrical signals measured at points within the circuits shown at FIGS. 3 and 4;
FIG. 7 is a chart illustrating the frequency response of the variable frequency invertor drive, shown at FIGS. 3 and 4;
FIG. 8 is a simplified circuit diagram illustrating use of the invention in connection with a five wire tow cable;
FIG. 9 is a simplified circuit diagram illustrating use of the invention in connection with a three wire tow cable;
FIG. 10 is an another simplified circuit diagram illustrating use of the present invention in conjunction with inputs to a traveling wave tube;
FIG. 11 is an electrical signal diagram illustrating a portion of the variable frequency invertor drive response to a 1500 volt input signal; and
FIG. 12 is an electrical signal diagram illustrating a portion of the variable frequency invertor drive response to a 1443 volt input signal.
The detailed description as set forth below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of the presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to represent the only form in which the present invention may be constructed or utilized. The description sets forth functions and sequence of steps for constructing and operating the invention in connection with the illustrated embodiments. It is understood, however, the same or equivalent functions and sequences may be accomplished by different embodiments and that they are also intended to be encompassed within the spirit and scope of this invention.
As noted above, with remotely mounted or off-board power conditioners the cable losses, associated with power delivery, become the dominant loss mechanisms. One technique for minimizing losses is to use a high voltage source (1600V to 2400V) as input to a remotely mounted high voltage, resonant, switch mode invertor. A unique resonant, full duty cycle, half-bridge invertor was invented for this application, consisting of six 1000V FETs in series. The invertor is used to �chop� the high voltage input, providing the primary voltage for a unique high voltage step-down transformer. To complement this topology, a frequency modulated control circuit was implemented, via an external control loop to maintain transformer output voltages to safe levels.
In the presently preferred topology, shown in greatest detail at FIGS. 3 and 4, a 150 kHz invertor provides the primary voltage for the step down transformer by chopping the high voltage input to the power converter. The TWT collector and helix voltages are then derived from the 1600V invertor driving a high voltage transformer. Secondary windings off this transformer are rectified, filtered, and stacked on collector 2 and common to make collector 1 and helix voltages, or from Vk to make collector 4 voltage, TWT heater and low voltage power are derived from the +350V input.
The undesirable effects of load and line variations, including +/−30% copper variations with temperature, was intentionally canceled with this frequency modulation technique. This technique replaces conventional pulse width modulation for primary voltage control, yielding a 10 percent increase in high voltage conversion efficiency, by maintaining full duty cycle operation of the PWM chip.
The switching frequency is automatically increased at the midband and high frequency RF load conditions and decreased for the low frequency RF loads to regulate voltages to safe and reasonable operating values. A frequency shift of approximately 9 percent from a nominal 150 kHz is all that is required to achieve this performance.
As an additional feature, accurate cathode regulation is accomplished with a linear helix post regulator, shown in greatest detail at FIG. 4. A post regulator control loop provides the required correction voltage to remove the cathode voltage droop with pulse loading. Variations in tow cable losses with temperature, input line or source voltage variations, and variations in helix current are removed with use of this control loop, thus maintaining accurate TWT cathode regulation.
The post regulator input voltage is highest with minimum processed power (high frequency end of band) due to collector 1 draw at its minimum value and collector 2 draw at maximum value. The tow cable drop is moderate at this condition and the secondary stack-up voltage is greatest with minimum collector 1 draw. At the opposite extreme, post regulator input voltage is smallest with maximum processed power (full RF drive, low frequency end of band) due primarily to collectors 1, 2, and helix all having near maximum current draw. Further, the post regulator input voltage is highest at the no RF drive condition due to minimum collector 1 and 2 draw producing a high secondary stack voltage.
Demonstrated power module conversion efficiency was determined to be greater than 88 percent with full RF load, and 87 percent with the no RF drive conditions. Computer models generated predicted the power and current distribution for three, four, five, or six wire decoy configurations. The models were proven to be accurate, since the predicted results correlated well to laboratory measurements.
Referring to FIGS. 3-5, a resonant half-bridge invertor is used to �chop� the high voltage input (1600V to 2400V), providing the input for the HV step-down transformer. A narrow pulse (tick)is used to turn the FETs �on� or �off� with the FET's gate to source capacitance used to store the charge and keep the FETs in this state between ticks. Dead time is intentionally incorporated between the two invertor half cycles to eliminate any undesirable cross conduction. In addition, two �off� ticks are used for each application of an �on� tick. At the end of each half cycle, the FETs which are �on�, are turned �off� with a narrow pulse. Then after 400 nsec of dead time, they are again pulsed �off�, simultaneously with the �on� pulse for the opposite FETs. The second �off� pulse keeps the intrinsic drain to gate capacitance from turning the FETs back on again during the invertor edges, thereby eliminating any undesirable commutation currents. Each half of the invertor uses two �off ticks� to turn the FETs �off�. A UC1825 PWM is used for the oscillator and invertor control.
An external frequency modulation control loop is implemented to replace a pulse width modulation approach for collector and post regulator input voltage control in the final converter topology, yielding a 10 percent increase in high voltage conversion efficiency. This technique controls excessive post regulator input voltage by moving the switching frequency away from resonance to a point where the effective input voltage to the HV step-down transformer decreases. In contrast, operating at or near the series resonant frequency increases the effective input voltage to the transformer primary.
Referring to FIG. 1, an equipment electrical block diagram is provided which broadly illustrates use of the present invention in connection with an aircraft towed decoy application. As shown therein, the principal components of the system include the aircraft 10 and decoy 20. The decoy 20 principally includes power conditioner module 21 and traveling wave tubes 23, 25. As shown therein, power conditioner module 21 is provided directly from the aircraft 10, whereafter power signals are communicated to the TWTs 23, 25. Other control signals may be communicated from the aircraft, also through the tow cable, through the fiberoptic module and solid state amplifier, to the RF inputs to TWTs 23, 25. As explained in more detail below, the present application is directed to the construction and operation of the power conditioner module 21, as it regulates the power inputs to the TWT 23, 25.
FIG. 2 illustrates in greater detail the signals into and out of the power conditioner module 21. As shown therein, power signals (light lines) and control signals (darker lines) are communicated from the aircraft 10. Control signals may be communicated through a fiberoptic format through FO-PC connector, photodetector, and solid state amplifier to the TWTs 23, 25. Power signals are communicated to the power conditioner module 21. Certain of the power input signals are directly communicated to TWTs 23, 25 at the collectors of the TWTs 23, 25. Other power signals are derived from the high voltage signals received from the aircraft, and then communicated to TWTs 23, 25. Principal aspects of the invention concern the function and construction of the power module to derive those additional power signals, and stabilize those signal levels in relation to variations in the high voltage signals received from the aircraft 10. As noted above, those variations may be responsive to a variety of environmental conditions, such as temperature, sensitivity variations in the tow cable, and other environmental factors. It is also noted herein, the other aspect of the invention concerns circuitry for stabilizing the cathode voltage level, to further mitigate variances in the operation of TWTs 23, 25.
FIGS. 3 and 4 provide greater detail of the operation of the power conditioner module 21. The circuitry shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are encompassed within the power conditioner module 21, and principally include variable frequency invertor drive 31, high voltage invertor 33, high voltage output 35, and linear post regulator 37. Turning to FIG. 3, the variable frequency invertor drive 31 comprises a pulse width modulator 39, which may be implemented as a UC 1825. The PWM 39 operates to output a fixed pulse width, at full duty cycle pulse, at a nominal frequency of 87 kHz. The attending control circuitry operates to sense the collector 1 and collector 2 to voltage levels of the TWTs. Where the difference between collector 1 and collector 2 voltage levels exceed a preset level, i.e., 770 volts in the presently preferred embodiment, the PWM 39 is caused to shift the frequency of the signal communicated to the high voltage invertor 33.
The output of the high voltage invertor 33 is, in turn, passed through a series resonant circuit comprised of inductor 41 and capacitor 43. In the presently preferred embodiment, inductor 41 is implemented as a 5.6 mh inductor and capacitors C43, C44 are implemented as two 560 pF, 3,000V capacitors in parallel. The series resonant circuit functions to provide optimum voltage level output when the output of the high voltage invertor approximates the LC resonant frequency of the circuit, i.e., approximately 150 kHz. By maintaining the invertor output at a frequency level slightly displaced from the resonant frequency, the output voltage level may be regulated by slight changes in the output frequency, i.e., by regulating the operation of PWM 39. As such, the present invention takes advantage of the bell shaped characteristics of a series resonant circuit, modifying the output frequency as a means to regulate output voltage levels. This provides a simple and reliable method of regulating output voltage without the need for varying pulse widths, which requires the inclusion of compatible circuitry to accommodate such pulse width variations. Varying pulse width, especially narrow pulse width, tends to turn the FETs back on due to leakage inductance ringing, requiring implementation of more complicated gate drive circuitry.
FIG. 4 illustrates high voltage output circuit 35 and linear pulse regulator circuit 37. The high voltage output circuit functions to receive the output from the high voltage invertor 33. The voltage is communicated through step down transformer 45 to derive outputs on lines 35 a, 35 b, 35 c, and 35 d. The signal on line 35 a is communicated to the linear regulator circuit 37, described in more detail below. The signal on line 35 b is output to the TWT collector 1. The signal on line 37 c is communicated directly to collector 2. The signal on line 35 d is communicated to TWT collector 4. As noted above in connection with FIG. 3, the circuit communicates voltage levels at collectors 1 and 2 to the variable frequency invertor drive circuit 31, to thereby regulate the operation of PWM 39.
Linear post regulator circuit 37 functions to sense voltage levels at the TWT cathode, and to regulate those levels by maintaining the cathode voltage at the desired level. As a result, instability due to cathode variances are mitigated.
FIGS. 5a-5 f illustrate electrical signal levels at various points within the circuit set forth in FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 5a approximates the output of the high voltage invertor 33. FIG. 5b illustrates the signal levels measured between pins 11 and 14 of the PWM 39. FIGS. 5c-5 f illustrates signal levels representative of the on and off transitions of transistors Q301-306 of the high voltage invertor 33.
FIG. 6 illustrates measured voltage conditions within the high voltage invertor 33. As shown therein, the measured voltage conditions generally conform to the anticipated waveforms set forth in FIG. 5.
FIG. 7 illustrates the output frequency response of the high voltage invertor 33, in response to input current change at pin 5 to PWM 39. As noted in FIG. 7, an increase in the differential voltage between collectors 1 and 2 causes an increase in current out of pin 5 to the PWM 39, which in turn causes an increase in the operating frequency of the high voltage invertor 33 depending upon the current sink at pin 5, the operating frequency of the high voltage invertor 33 will vary along corresponding curves ranging between approximately 75,000 Hz to approximately 300,000 Hz.
FIGS. 8, 9, and 10 illustrate simplified block diagrams of the invention, as implemented in different configurations. FIG. 8 illustrates a configuration wherein the aircraft 10 is configured to output a five wire tow cable to the decoy 20. Voltage levels from the aircraft 10 are reduced by voltage drops, represented by resistors R81-85. The voltages derived in accordance with the invention are represented as collector 1 supply BT6, collector 4 supply BT5, and helix supply BT7. The signal levels of collector 1, 4 and helix supplies are varied in accordance with frequency modulation techniques described above. The post regulator 37 facilitates regulation of the TWT cathode, as described above.
FIG. 9 illustrates a similar configuration, implemented in connection with an aircraft having a three wire tow cable, as opposed to the five wire tow cable represented by the circuit of FIG. 8. Again, the derived power supplies are represented by collector 1 supply BT6 and collector 2 boost supply BT5, collector 3 supply BT3, and collector 4 supply BT4. Again post regulator 37 operates to regulate TWT cathode.
FIG. 10 provides an alternate electrical block diagram illustrating the interface between aircraft 10 and the decoy 20. The implementation is a five wire implementation, with cable voltage losses represented as resistors R1-5. The functions of the variable frequency invertor drive 31, resonant invertor 33, high voltage output 35 and post regulator circuit 37 are collectively represented by switch mode resonant invertor 100.
FIG. 11 and 12 illustrate the measured invertor output conditions for different levels of input voltages. As shown at FIG. 12, invertor output substantially approximates a square wave wherein transistor switching losses are minimized, as can be seen by a comparison with the measured signals illustrated at FIG. 11. With higher load level, as represented in FIG. 12, energy stored in the resonant reactor, due to the higher levels of current, provides nearly a complete voltage slew, removing the burden from the transistor switch for best efficiency. In contrast, lighter loads for the invertor, as represented in FIG. 11, result in less efficiency and higher losses in the FETs as the FET provides the voltage transition.
As indicated above, the above description represents implementation of one embodiment of the invention, in connection with the particular application. However, as recognized by one of ordinary skill, the invention can be implemented in various embodiments, as may be most appropriate for a particular application. Accordingly, the above description is not intended to be limiting in relation to the broader aspects of the invention, as set forth in the foregoing claims.
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