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44419Re: [liturgy-l] Deposition
Expand Messages
- Oct 11, 2013If a priest has left the denomination, why would he care if he's deposed? Why would the National Church *not* depose a cleric who has aligned with another denomination?On Thu, Oct 10, 2013 at 11:24 AM, Sean Reed <anglican@...> wrote:
What is at the bottom Scott? I was merely giving an honest reflection on the common perception among those to whom this has been done by your denomination against those who chose to leave. It is simply how it is viewed.That being said, my advice is sound about watching out for possible legal ramifications, particularly when a serious topic is involved - one other than so called "abandonment of communion."SWROn Oct 10, 2013, at 10:17 AM, Scott Elliott <deaconse@...> wrote:Thank you. This list gets rather snarky sometimes, but there's usually a run-up. This was not a race, but a dive, to the bottom.
Scott Elliott, Deacon,
Episcopal Diocese of Chicago
- << Previous post in topic Next post in topic >>


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From what's in season to your everyday favorites, Food Lion brings you only the best. The crispest apples, the ripest bananas and the brightest berries. We work hard to ensure that our produce is inspected carefully and rotated regularly delivering the freshest produce to your home.
featuring a slightly thick skin, they are easy to peel & section. They are virtually seedless & are a good source of fiber. Segments are healthy & fun snacks for kids that pack & travel well.
are sweet & juicy with a sour cherry aroma. The interior varies from white, to champagne, to deep red. Grapefruits don't contain fat, cholesterol or sodium & are rich in vitamins
have a distinctive piney, floral flavor & spicy aroma notes. They have a thin skin, few seeds & are an excellent source of vitamin C. Add lime zest to butter to dress plain vegetables or grilled meat & fish.
are bright yellow, tart & tangy. With their crisp floral smell & distinct tangy flavor, they are widely used in cooking. Try adding the grated zest of fresh lemon to cake & cookie recipes.
also known as mandarins, are smaller than oranges & have a looser peel. They're an ideal snack for kids & anyone on the go.
are identified by their unique knob-like formation at the stem. They're large with a deep red-orange exterior & a delicious, tart-sweet flavor. They have few seeds.
have a deep maroon interior & orange-red exterior. They offer a distinct rich orange taste & are easy to peel. The intense flavor is wonderful with grilled meat.
are the largest of all citrus fruit. They have a thick, dark green peel that fades to yellow as the season progresses. Less acidic than grapefruit, they have a zesty, tropical scent & a sweet, tangy flavor.
have a rich pink pulp & an orange exterior. They're extremely sweet & tangy, with few seeds. They're an excellent source of Vitamin A & C, high in Fiber & are a natural source of Lycopene.
are known for their unique rounded middle & flat top & bottom. They have a deep orange smooth, glossy skin. They are easy to peel, filled with an apricot nectar flavor & have few seeds.
Fresh oranges & lemons are an excellent source of the necessary Vitamin C needed to keep your immune system in top shape during cold and flu season.
Look for fruits that are firm & heavy for their size with bright, colorful skins. Citrus fruit peel may vary in thickness, depending on weather conditions during the growing season.
Store in a cool ventilated area. Most citrus will keep at room temperature for
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
I've done all the required setting but I do not know where I am going wrong. Can anybody please help me out . Its really uregent. Following is the error I am getting when I run my project.
Unable to load the requested file: helpers/datamapper_helper.php
Please somebody help me out. Thanks in advance.


text:
Scary Story
50,000 - 100,000 downloadsAdd this app to your listsTweets por @Appszoom
Urban story, monsters, japanese horror stories, all here. Rock will not regret it!
Do not worry, it's just a story ..... among them are actually taken place.
Happy reading.
Tags: scary story, scary stories apk, japanese scary stories, scary stories, horror story in english, the scary story, horror stories apk, 100 scary stories apk, japanese horror stories, tagalog horror stories apk.
version 2.0
More stories.
Fixed read mode.
(56 stars)
Best scary stories to scare my friends!
(56 stars)
Like the scary stories .
(56 stars)
Its not that good , its godd but I dont recommended for ppl that want veryy veryy scary stories
(56 stars)
Its great and the story titles dont decieve you. Thanks for making the app. Well..... try reducing the ads.
(56 stars)
I still feel something is behind the door! ;)
(56 stars)
Nice stories i still got chills and thrills from it but there are some typos but besides that good job :-)!
(56 stars)
Really loved it althought Im not a big fan of horror but i loved it, it made me horrofied! I believe in these stories thought i dont even know if they are real.


text:
A pulse width modulated system for driving an inductive load. In the system, a switched current is supplied to the load. A duty cycle of the switched current is derived from a pulse width modulation controller and the amplitude of the switched current is determined. A multiplier device is provided to process the amplitude of the current supplied to a driver stage and to derive, in conjunction with the duty cycle, the load current.
1. A pulse width modulated system for driving an inductive load which comprises:
means for supplying a switched current to the load;
a pulse width modulation controller controlling the switched current supply means and having means for determining a duty cycle of the switched current and for generating a duty cycle signal referable to said duty cycle;
means connected to said switched current supply means for determining the amplitude of the switched current and for generating a switched current signal referable to the amplitude of said switched current; and
a multiplier device having means responsive to the switched current signal and the duty cycle signal for generating a load current signal referable to load current; and
a current control loop having a current error summing junction junction responsive to said load current signal and a current demand signal for generating an error signal and a current error amplifier interposed between said pulse width modulation controller and said current error summing junction for introducing an amplified error signal to said pulse width modulation controller.
2. A pulse width modulation system according to claim 1 in which the inductive load is a motor.
This invention relates to circuitry for driving an inductive load and the like and more particularly to such circuitry employing a pulse width modulation controller, especially for use in driving a motor or any other inductive load, especially when the load current is difficult to measure, for example a continuous current pulse width modulation power supply with isolated output.
Electric motors, for example a 3-phase brushed or brushless DC motor, can be driven by a pulse width modulation controller. In a pulse width modulated system, the switched current (of wave form of the type shown in FIG. 1) is often continuous, i.e. remains above zero, and the "fly-back" current (of wave form of the type shown in FIG. 2 and flowing during time T2) is generally flowing in the load but not in the supply.
In such a system in particular, measurement of the load current is not straightforward and requires the continual measurement of the amount of current flowing in each phase; this is a complex procedure.
The present invention is based on the realisation that the need to measure the load current in each phase can be obviated and that this current can be measured from other more readily determined parameters of the system.
In accordance with the invention, there is provided a pulse width modulated system for driving an inductive load which comprises, means for supplying a switched current to the load, means for determining a duty cycle of the switched current from a pulse width modulation controller, means for determining the amplitude of the switched current, and a multiplier device. The multiplier device has means for processing the amplitude of the current supplied to a driver stage and for deriving, in conjunction with the duty cycle, the load current. Preferably the multiplier device is of the analogue type and may be incorporated in a feed back loop controlling the load current. The system is particularly suitable for driving a motor, for example a 3-phase DC motor.
In this specification, where the term "multiplier" is used, the synonymous term "divider" could equally well be used.
A typical waveform for the supply current is shown in FIG. 1 in which I1 and I2 are the nodal current values for each pulse and the base current value is at zero; T1 and T2 are the respective on and off times for each current cycle.
For such a load current, the average supply current I3 can be expressed as: ##EQU1## and the duty cycle D can be expressed as: ##EQU2## Combining equations (1) and (2) ##EQU3##
A typical waveform for the load current is shown in FIG. 2 in which I1 and I2, and T1 and T2, are the same values as shown in FIG. 1; the average load current, I4 can be expressed as: ##EQU4## Combining equations (3) and (4), the average load current: ##EQU5##
It has therefore been found to be generally possible to ascertain the load current from a knowledge of the supply current and the duty cycle.
For a better understanding of the invention, reference is now made, by way of exemplification only, to FIGS. 1 to 5 in which:
FIG. 1 shows a waveform for the supply current;
FIG. 2 shows a waveform for the load current;
FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a 3-phase DC motor controller including a speed control;
FIG. 4 shows the multiplier circuit of FIG. 3; and
FIG. 5 shows the 3-phase DC motor driver stage for the system of FIG. 3.
With reference to the drawings, and to FIG. 3 in particular, there is shown a block diagram for a controller for a 3-phase DC motor.
It comprises a motor 1 of standard design driven by a driver stage 2 described more fully in FIG. 5. The driver stage 2 is controlled by a pulse width modulation controller 3 again of staridard design and function and taking the output from a current error amplifier 4.
The supply current of the driver stage 2, sourced from a supply voltage (+Vp), can be measured by means of a current sensor 5 whose output is fed to a multiplier 6 described more fully in FIG. 4.
A current control loop is closed by connecting the output of the multiplier 6 to a current error summing junction 7 and the current error amplifier 4. An additional output from the pulse width modulation controller 3 provides a duty cycle signal via line "D'" to the multiplier 6.
In addition, a speed control loop is closed by connecting the output of a speed sensor 8 coupled to the motor 1 (by a mechanical linkage M in this example) to a speed error summing junction 9 and the speed error amplifier 10. The speed error amplifier 10 produces the current demand signal for the current contro loop.
A speed input signal "S" (to produce a predetermined speed in the motor 1) is fed into the speed error summing junction 9.
The circuit shown in FIG. 3 has the general function of allowing the driver stage 2 (and the electrical power fed thereto via the supply voltage +Vp) to drive the motor 1 at a substantially constant operational speed and:
i) for the current control loop to control the acceleration of the motor up to its operational speed by means in particular, in accordance with the invention, the measurement of supply current to the motor driver stage by the current sensor 5 and the duty cycle signal, both of which are fed into the multiplier 6.
ii) for the speed control loop to control the motor once its normal operational speed has been attained.
With specific regard to the multiplier 6 shown in detail in FIG. 4; it comprises an averaging circuit 11 which averages the output V1 from the current sensor 5 (see FIG. 3) of an operational amplifier 12 and a duty cycle actuator 13 which controls the operation of a switch 14.
The output V1 of the current sensor 5 (see FIG. 3) is fed into a positive input of the operational amplifier 12 via the averaging circuit 11.
The actuator 13 causes movement of the switch 14 on the basis of the duty cycle D. The position of the switch 14 determines the voltage applied to a resistor R, i.e. either voltage V2 (being the output voltage of the multiplier) or voltage V3 (being a reference voltage), the mean of which, produced by the action of resistor R and capacitor C, is fed to the negative input of the operational amplifier 12. This mean voltage (Vm) is a function of the difference between V2 and V3 multiplied by the duty cycle D according to the equation:
Vm=V3 +(V2 -V3)D
The capacitor C averages the voltage being fed to the negative input of the operational amplifier 12.
The motor driver stage is shown in more detail in FIG. 5; it comprises for each motor phase two switches (S) and a commutating element, for example a diode (E), namely
--S1 and S2 and E1 respectively for phase A
--S3 and S4 and E2 respectively for phase B
--S5 and S6 and E3 respectively for phase C.
On a "two quadrant" basis of operation with, for example, switch S1 closed and switches S3 and S5 open, and with switches S2 and S6 also open, switch S4 opens and closes in accordance with the pulse width modulation controller so that current flows in the supply during time T1 (see FIG. 1) when switch S4 is closed and the flyback current flows during time T2 (see FIG. 2) when switch S4 is open.
The mode of operation for phase A/phase B on the above basis with the solid lines indicating current flow when switch S4 is closed and the dotted lines indicating flyback current flow when switch S4 is open is shown in FIG. 5.
Similar modes of operation to that described above in respect of the opening/closing of switch S4 for phase A/phase B will occur for phase B/phase C and for phase C/phase A in conjunction with the opening/closing cycles of switches S6 and S2 respectively. In the former case switch S3 will be closed and switches S1 and S5 will be open, as will switches S2 and S4 ; in the latter case, switch S5 will be closed and switches S1 and S3 will be open, as will switches S4 and S6.
Although the invention has been exemplified with reference to a three-phase motor, it may be applied to a motor having any number of phases or to any other inductive load. It can be applied to controllers with or without speed, position, current or any other form of feedback. It can be applied to any other inductive load, especially when the load current is difficult to measure, for example a continuous current pulse width modulation power supply with isolated output.
The general benefits of the invention are the avoidance of sensing the current in each phase and thereby being able to avoid the use, for example, of floating sense resistors, sense transformers and any such devices which would otherwise be needed for each phase of the motor.
It is therefore possible for controllers to be less costly and much smaller in size. They also are able to be more efficient in operation, especially in terms of power consumption.
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text:
Auditions this week for dinner theater at Holmes
When the Historic Holmes Theatre and Playhouse 412 decided to join forces this past March, it was with the aim of having the theater eventually branch out into creating its own theatrical productions.
A theater advisory group was formed to help guide the theater through the process of creating its own production arm.
Are you a newspaper subscriber but you don't have a Digital Access account yet? https://secure.forumcomm.com/?publisher_ID=40&event=subscriber/lookup.
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text:
The U.S. Climate Prediction Center has said the much anticipated El Niño weather phenomenon has fizzled out in the equatorial Pacific. The chances of it happening in the Northern Hemisphere during autumn and early winter had dropped to 65 per cent, from a previous 80 per cent.
Weather experts said they noted a delay on the onset of the El Niño based on computer forecast models. "At this time, the consensus of forecasters expects El Niño to emerge during August-October and to peak at a weak strength during the late fall and early winter," the center said in an updated outlook.
The CPC said in July the El Niño was to occur in summer with a 70 per cent chance.
But over the last month, model forecasts have slightly delayed the El Nino onset, it said.
In July, Australia's Bureau of Meteorology said the looming El Niño threat is easing up and will unlikely be a strong event should it strike in 2014.
Although the bureau had then downgraded the event's chances of happening, the weather phenomenon will still happen.
"While the chance of an El Niño in 2014 has clearly eased, warmer-than-average waters persist in parts of the tropical Pacific, and the (slight) majority of climate models suggest El Niño remains likely for spring," the bureau had said.
"Hence the establishment of El Niño before year's end cannot be ruled out. If an El Niño were to occur, it is increasingly unlikely to be a strong event."
El Niño is often associated with wide scale below-average rainfall over southern and eastern inland areas of Australia and above-average daytime temperatures over southern Australia. Similar impacts prior to the event becoming fully established regularly occur.
Occurring every three to five years, El Niño gives heavier rain from southern Brazil to Argentina, while it gives the opposite drier conditions across Southeast Asia and Indonesia.


text:
This was a huge museum over 3 floors with information on criminals and crime detection etc. lots of interactive things and punishment types used over the years. It took over 2...
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3 Days in Washington DC
Museum Guide for Washington, DC
Best Food in Washington, DC
This was a huge museum over 3 floors with information on criminals and crime detection etc. lots of interactive things and punishment types used over the years. It took over 2 hours to get around and was brilliant. Well worth a visit.
This was my second visit to the NMCP - and I brought a friend to take the detectives challenge - which is great for families or couples. We set aside 2 hours, and still didn't make it through the last 20% of the museum in order to make our dinner reservations. Note: give yourself three hours - eat first, they...
Fascinating look at crime and punishment through history. I especially enjoyed the exhibits on gangland crime. This is a fun stop, worth spending several hours, for adults and teens. This is more than worth the price of admission.
This wasn't the best crime museum I've been to. I found it old and tried and could do with a facelift. The exhibits weren't really the best. The gift shop isn't the best either. The price was too much for what you saw. I wouldn't go there again.
I was enjoying this museum up until we got bombarded with school groups. Lots of information. The only thing is that there's a lot of reading and less hands-on. The simulations were cool, but only half of us got to do them because of the group that ran ahead of us. Parking was also an issue for us. So, mixed...
My husband and I visited this museum with our 18 and 14 year old sons. It was a very engaging and we enjoyed doing the scavenger hunt.
Hi nisk,
We're glad to hear that you and your family enjoyed your time in the museum. Be sure to check us out the next time you're in DC!
It was a rainy day in DC and I'm glad we stopped. My daughter said this was the highlight of her trip. The scavenger hunt added to the tour.
Hi CDLFL15,
We're glad you stopped, too! It's great to hear that we were your daughter's favorite part of her trip. Be sure to come back and visit us again!
First of all I did not buy the audio tour and I would probably have enjoyed it more if I had.
If you have limited time and money, I would choose the International Spy Museum over this one.
The first part of the museum is mostly reading with very few exhibits. It was not until toward the end of the...
Hi altr2004,
Thank you for taking the time to write a review. We appreciate all your feedback because it allows us to improve our museum for future patrons. Rest assured that your comments will be taken into consideration.
This museum is similar in many ways to the Spy Museum, which is only a block or so away. The museum presents crime from many perspectives and in many dimensions. Chronological, biographical, types of crimes, weapons, prisons, celebrity criminals, TV, and more. Not on the scale of the Smithsonian - smaller and easier to digest. This should not take precedence...
Hi CTManny,
Thanks so much for your review! We're glad that you enjoyed your time with us.
Loved it. I love true crime, from novels to tv shows. We paid the extra money and did the audio tour. Buying in advance is cheaper, the audio was well worth the extra money. Block a lot of time for this attraction. We spent 3 + hours going through the museum, there is a lot to see/read/and hear. The do...
Hi Lynn T,
Thanks so much for visiting. We're glad to hear that you found our exhibits educational. You should definitely come back again!
Register now for free — and start getting automatic notification of new reviews, responding to traveler feedback, adding new photos to your listing and much more.
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College Football Handicapping: Championship Week Extravaganza
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It's the biggest week of college football handicapping, with championship games going on around the country. Explore the opening point spreads of each game and get some helpful pointers on what to look for in Jim Hurley's Football Betting Podcast.
Week 11 College Football Preview-Debate-Predictions
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The College Ball Show returns to Breakdown this week's slate of College Football games. Chris and Marshall will start the show with Recap from a crazy Week 10. All 5 games that pitted ranked teams against eachother gave us plenty of drama and helped shape the Top-10. Also, we debate the Top-4 and the overall Playoff Selection Committee Top-25. Plus, will Preview, Debate, & Predict all 6 marguee matchups for Week 11. Some of the crucual games are Kansas State vs. TCU, ASU vs Notre Dame, Alabama vs LSU, Oregon vs Utah, and a few under the radar games will be covered as well.
NFL Week 11/ College Football recap
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Big Z is...... Nosebleed Seats!
It's about that time! Hope everyone has had a great week and ready to take a load off on this fine NFL Sunday! Big Z will break down all week 11's games. As well as recap the great games from College Football Saturday. Mix in some tv and movie talk and we can't find much better way to get your Sunday morning started off! It's the show everyone can afford to listen to! Nosebleed Seats!
The BangTheBook.com College Football Podcast Week 11
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Hosts Adam Burke and Kyle Hunter cover this week's college football schedule from a betting perspective. They'll discuss some newsworthy topics in the "Quick-Hitters" segment and then break down the betting market with their weekly "Inside the Lines" analysis. Following a look at the market, the guys will break down four of this week's matchups in detail with some SEC West action between Alabama and LSU, Big Ten action between Ohio State and Michigan State, Pac-12 action between Oregon and Utah, and Big 12 action between Baylor and Oklahoma. The "Pick-Six" segment will wrap up the show as Adam throws six rapid fire games at Kyle for free picks for listeners.
College Football National Week 11 Picks
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Tune in this week as we get you caught up on all of the latest news from week ten and look ahead to week eleven and preview and pick the big game between Oregon vs. Stanford. Plus we will preview and pick match-ups like Oklahoma vs. Baylor, LSU vs. Alabama and many many more. We will also discuss which ranked teams should be on upset alert this weekend. So sit back, relax, and enjoy as we get you ready for week eleven of college football. Guess what you don't want to miss it!!!!!!
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For the sixth consecutive season Bruno Boys Fantasy Gridiron Live will be with you every Sunday at 10am ET to get you prepared to win your weekly matchup.
Bruno Boys' owner Marc Caviglia and staff member Ernie Estrella will host the show every week throughout the football season.
If you have questions... the Bruno Boys have answers! Call us LIVE at (323) 927-1413 or email email@example.com to get your questions answered on air.
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The biggest college bowl games start on Wednesday. The Peach, Fiesta and Orange Bowls are sliding under the media's radar, but they're right on Jim Hurley's radar. In this college football handicapping edtion, the Jim Hurley Network explores general principles for winning bets on major bowl games and then provides some specific information regarding the three Wednesday games.
Jim Hurley's Football Betting podcast provides a great way for bettors to to sharpen their handicapping tools on these games, and for casual fans to have a better understanding of the games they'll be watching on TV tomorrow. Tune in.
Her Fantasy Football Podcast 11.13.14- Week 11 NFL Fantasy Football Match Ups
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Body Memory
Posted 01-22-2015
There was a time, not really that long ago, when my pair of ice skates felt more comfortable to me than anything. When waking up early I found myself on the ice at a local arena, not on my yoga mat. When jumping into the air off the ice and spinning faster than you can imagine was more natural to me than walking up stairs. There were many years when performing and competing as a figure skater drove me more than meditation or yogic self-inquiry. Barefoot back then would have felt naked; now it's the daily uniform.Read more >>
Featured Event
Foundations of Forrest Yoga - April 3, 2015 - Moksha - 2528 W Armitage - 6-8:30pm
Forrest Yoga is a unique method of practicing yoga that is firmly rooted in four foundational pillars: Breath, Strength, Integrity and Spirit. The methodology of this practice grows out of these pillars, teaching you how to support your physical development, mental awareness, energetic transformations, and personal evolution. Whether you are a new or seasoned Forrest Yoga practitioner, this workshop will give you the tools to learn and refine techniques for providing deep reinforcement in the foundations of your practice and life, empowering you to be an active player in your own personal evolution. Through grounding standing poses, centering abdominal play, pranayama, conscious intent, and exploring how to embody Spirit, you will learn how to support yourself from the inside out in simple yet profound ways with the pillars of Forrest Yoga. Accessible to all levels of practitioners and can be modified for pregnancy. Register and learn more at www.mokshayoga.com.


text:
Despite all the hype about MySpace and Facebook this year, Yahoo ran the lion's share of presidential campaign ad impressions, according to Nielsen Online AdRelevance data.
As presidential candidates bounced around the polls in the months leading to the impending Iowa caucuses, Republicans Mitt Romney and Senator John McCain have remained securely on top according to one measure: online display advertising. Democratic Senator Barack Obama also ran a large number of Web ads compared to fellow contenders. And far more than any other singular Web site, Yahoo cashed in.
Combined, the campaigns for Romney and McCain ran over 70 percent of the online display ads purchased by the candidates this year between January and December 16, according to data from Nielsen Online AdRelevance. Obama's campaign ran more than a quarter of all presidential campaign ads in that time, beginning this summer, while display ads for Hillary Clinton, Mike Huckabee, and others accounted for just 1 percent.
Between January and mid-December, the candidates ran more than 277 million display ad impressions. AdRelevance showed Romney for President bought the most in that time, 37 percent. McCain's campaign came in at a close second with 34 percent. About 27 percent of all presidential candidate display ads were placed by Obama for America.
The rest merely dabbled in display. The remaining one percent represented ads for Senator Hillary Clinton and retired candidate Republican Congressman Tom Tancredo, in addition to a brief attack-ad effort placed in October on FoxNews.com by Republican hopeful Fred Thompson.
Despite crowded races on both sides, the only other campaigns that ran display ads picked up by the AdRelevance censors were Edwards for President and Mike Huckabee for President. Both the Edwards and Huckabee camps ran ads on free Web site network Angelfire; Edwards's campaign also bought about 170,000 ad impressions on MySpace in October.
However, despite all the hype about social networking sites like MySpace and Facebook, and an array of new content offerings dedicated to the presidential race from other sites, Yahoo got the lion's share of presidential campaign ads this year, according to AdRelevance information. Nearly 90 million ad impressions from the candidates, or 32 percent, ran across Yahoo, from its Movies and Sports sections to its highly-trafficked e-mail pages. MSN grabbed about 30 million or 11 percent of display ads run by presidential hopefuls, mainly Obama. Excite's e-mail section and homepage garnered over 16 million or 6 percent of impressions, while AOL scored about 4 percent or 11 million.
Although all the campaigns ran the bulk of their ads on portals and well-known sites including FoxNews.com, The New York Times, MSNBC, Newsmax and HuffingtonPost.com, online ad network buys helped push political ad dollars, however meager, out to long-tail sites. The three top display ad spenders, Romney, McCain and Obama, had ads show up in unlikely Web nooks and crannies. McCain ads appeared on RealityTVWorld.com, Southern Living Online, and HowStuffWorks, while ads for Obama ran on GoComics, Hoover's Online, and CNET TV.com.
Indeed, buying through an ad network proved risky for conservative Mitt Romney. His campaign made headlines for running thousands of ad impressions on Gay.com in August. ClickZ News earlier this month reported the Romney campaign also ran about 5,000 display ads on other gay-centric sites Advocate.com and PlanetOut. Romney for President ads were also seen on niche sites including gaming community site Allakhazam's Magical Realm and Top Secret Recipes.
As the campaigns refine their strategies for targeting voters in specific locales, more and more local content sites have appeared on lists of the top online display advertisers, according to AdRelevance. For instance, November's top advertiser, Obama for America, ran ads on newspaper and TV sites in Seattle, Denver, Detroit, Orlando, Omaha, San Diego, Houston, Akron, New Orleans, and other cities. John McCain 2008 bought on sites dedicated to San Diego, Colorado Springs, Raleigh, Seattle, New York, and others. Romney for President ads showed up on sites aimed at voters in San Francisco, Milwaukee, San Antonio, Chicago, Minneapolis-St. Paul, and Raleigh-Durham.
Obama's campaign ran around 35 million ad impressions in November, McCain's ran about 20 million, and Romney's placed almost 10 million, according to AdRelevance. Republican hopeful Mike Huckabee began testing display advertising last month, buying 25,000 ad impressions on Angelfire.
|Candidates Running Display Ads
between January and December 16, 2007
|Candidate Campaign
|Number of Impressions
|Romney for President
|103.8 million
|John McCain 2008
|94.6 million
|Obama for America
|75.3 million
|Tom Tancredo For President
|1.6 million
|Hillary Clinton for President
|1.1 million
|Friends of Fred Thompson
|John Edwards for President
|Huckabee for President
|Source: Nielsen Online, AdRelevance, 2007
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Attend ClickZ Live New York March 30 - April 1. With over 15 years' experience delivering industry-leading events, ClickZ Live brings together over 60 expert speakers to offer an action-packed, educationally-focused agenda covering all aspects of digital marketing. Register today!
Kate Kaye was Managing Editor at ClickZ News until October 2012. As a daily reporter and editor for the original news source, she covered beats including digital political campaigns and government regulation of the online ad industry. Kate is the author of Campaign '08: A Turning Point for Digital Media, the only book focused on the paid digital media efforts of the 2008 presidential campaigns. Kate created ClickZ's Politics & Advocacy section, and is the primary contributor to the one-of-a-kind section. She began reporting on the interactive ad industry in 1999 and has spoken at several events and in interviews for television, radio, print, and digital media outlets. You can follow Kate on Twitter at @LowbrowKate.
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Koa Ridge project's fate nears resolution
LUC could decide future of 766-acre tract this summer
- Curtis Lum
- Pacific Business News
The Hawaii Land Use Commission could decide as early as this summer whether to reclassify 766 acres of agricultural land in Central Oahu for Castle & Cooke's proposed Koa Ridge master-planned community.
A hearing on the request was closed on May 19 and the commission is set to hear final arguments next month from the petitioner, Castle & Cooke Homes Hawaii Inc., and opponents such as the Sierra Club of Hawaii. A decision could be made in September.
At stake are years of planning by Castle & Cooke to develop 5,000 homes, as well as schools, commercial centers and a medical mall, on the prime agricultural land. The project would be built in two phases: the 575-acre Koa Ridge Makai and the 191-acre Waiawa developments.
The $2 billion project received Land Use Commission approval in 2002, but a Circuit Court judge threw out that decision after the Sierra Club Hawaii Chapter sued, arguing that an environmental impact statement was required before the commission could hear the case. The lower court's ruling was upheld by the Hawaii Supreme Court.
In 2008, Castle & Cooke filed an updated petition with the commission and hearings were held this year. Commissioners heard hours of oral testimony and read pages of written testimony both for and against the project.
Harry Saunders, president of Castle & Cooke Hawaii, said this week that he was "optimistic" that the commission would rule in favor of the project. He did not want to comment on the specifics of the arguments before the commission because a decision is still pending, but he said he believed Koa Ridge would be a benefit to the community.
"We need to put our people back to work," Saunders said. "Affordable housing, we still have a huge need for it, but the bigger need now is putting people back to work."
Bruce Barrett, executive vice president of residential operations for Castle & Cooke Homes Hawaii, said 900 to 1,000 jobs a year would be created during the construction of Koa Ridge Makai. He said the completed project would feature 3,500 homes, 50 acres of commercial space and a medical center complex.
But the size of the project has many people concerned because of its impact on traffic in an already congested area. The Mililani/Waipio/Melemanu Neighborhood Board told the Land Use Commission that board members opposed the petition unless Castle & Cooke could ensure that Koa Ridge would not exacerbate the traffic problem.
The Sierra Club also opposed the project, noting that Koa Ridge would mean the loss of 766 acres of productive farm land.
Robert Harris, Sierra Club director, said the prime agricultural lands, also known as A and B class lands, are disappearing to make way for housing projects.
"Our concern is we only grow about 10 percent of our food and we've developed almost 50 percent of A and B quality land on Oahu," he said.
Aloun Farms leases the 575 acres that are targeted for the Koa Ridge Makai development. Aloun runs a 3,000-acre operation in several locations in Ewa and Central Oahu.
Barrett said Aloun has signed a lease with Dole Foods Co., Castle & Cooke's sister company, to farm 335 acres in Wahiawa, equivalent to the amount of land that Aloun is actually farming at Koa Ridge.
"It was important for us to address the issue and make sure we did provide land for Aloun to relocate to," Barrett said. "They're beginning their relocation process."
Barrett said Castle & Cooke hopes to alleviate the traffic concerns by providing 2,500 jobs within the Koa Ridge community. He said that would work out to two jobs for every three homes.
"We're trying to create employment centers in the community," he said.
Saunders said Castle & Cooke hopes to gain the commission's approval this year and apply for a zoning change with the City and County of Honolulu. If that is granted, he said, ground could be broken on Koa Ridge Makai in late 2011 or early 2012 and the first homes could be delivered in early 2013.
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Gambling is an easy way of getting money just by bluffing people. It may be in real time or when it is related to any game like casino. Be aware of the gambling skills that are used in the casino.
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The guides are very much essential for the beginners who are interested in playing the game. Wsop.com will have entire information about the game rules and conditions which are required while playing the game. The initial step is to install the free online software for finding the game.
Gambling is an easy way of getting money just by bluffing people. It may be in real time or when it is related to any game like casino. Be aware of the gambling skills that are used in the casino.
Casino is one of the ways to earn money in very easy way and unexpected way which can make us a millionaire in very short period of time based on their luck. We can find numerous games in online which sometimes being a boon or ban for earning money also for choosing the game. if there are many games then they may find it difficult to choose their best game which will favor them in the winning side.
How to choose the kind of game for relaxation:
There are many things we need to concentrate while playing also when playing we should never be distracted by the opponent in some logical game or mathematics based active required games we need to be so fast as much as we can because those kind of films are only based on the talent of the people. This kind of games comes under the cadre of Spilleautomer online which helps in making way for talent in the field of gambling which is completely different when considered. Gambling kind of games are always have the review that they are based on the luck but in casino is what we can find alternate though and its implementation also the casinos are based on the convenience of the people which they prefer the most especially rich people who take up the challenge and fun of playing games. In casinos we can find poker game, black jack and roulette to be the most heard names which most of the participants participate actively because they feel it to be more interesting with twists and turns in game.
Things to concentrate while playing:
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Online gaming and casino can make you a good player in life as well
Since the online casinos help in removing the entire stress of life roulette online can be fun and you just need to take up the chance in the positive way. There was a time when people believed that roulette is purely speculation. But in reality it is not so. If you play the game of roulette you should first put in mind a few strategies and once you know about the same you can just try your luck.
Online roulette provides you with a chance. You should therefore design the strategies very smartly. It is the game of profit and loss. Once you earn some profit you should ideally stop playing or else with greed you can even lose the money again. Thus even though it is tempting the gaming gurus suggest that people should stop playing roulette at certain level.
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Special features of the game:
The joy you get when you have the ability to play this game will be totally different and this slot instantly will be played from anywhere this will go smoother and smoother only because of the new slot machines were that will give you more interesting games and many features in it simultaneously. This coin falls game is one of the best game were many other games have this same features and that will not be the same kind of this game that will be in a different variety. Players playing all these games will surely enjoy it in a best way. This game has the best feature that is when there are number of players in this game; this will never disappoint any single player by skipping the chance. Coin falls is a game that will make all the available players to make a trial at least one time. This is the first speciality contains in this game, though if they can't give the player to play fully when there are more players they at least give priority for all the available players to make at least a good trial. Another game like coin falls is iPhone Bingo No Deposit. This is a similar game to make people enjoy.
If you are with your boring video games and want to try some really fun games, that can help you win some cash also, then you are at the right place. Because, in this article, we are going to discuss the most conventional yet fun gaming way and that is the casino. And if you are not from Stone Age and belong very much to this technologically advanced age, then you should definitely try online casinos. They are like the eBay of the online shopping world and just like the online shopping sites, even the online casino sites come with many benefits and perks (also called bonuses).
So, now you know the latest and best way to relieve your stress is not the plain old video games, but the new and better way of playing games on online casinos, and then let me tell you about the best online casino games. To name a few among a long list of online casino games, we have, roulette, blackjack, slots, poker, keno, baccarat, and so on. But the best one is the slots.
And with the advancement of technology, online casino slots are even better and more fun. The slot is one of the most ancient casino games; in fact, they were popular since the advent of the casinos back in the 1960s. A game of slots is fun and a pleasure to play because of its simple rules and yet the uncertainty of results. And if you want to have the best gaming experience among all the casino sites, then do log on to http://onlinecasino-x.com/, and look out for the online slots section. Not only they give you innumerable types of slots to play from, they also provide you with an instructor's guide on how to get a hang of the game you are about to play.
Mieszkać na automatach urządzenie i zasad gry, nie będzie, bo te informacje można znaleźć w części "Zasady" i "Artykuły". Ale pod uwagę kilka aspektów nadal stoi. W szczególności skupimy się na znaki specjalne, które są obecne w większości automatów i sprawiają, że gra w kasynach online – bardziej zróżnicowane.
Symbol rozproszenia (punktowego symbol) – jest to jeden z najbardziej popularnych znaków specjalnych automatach. Posiada szereg znaczących różnic z resztą obrazu. Przede wszystkim dla tych znaków płatności jest, niezależnie od aktywnych linii. Mogą być one rozrzucone po całym ekranie (stąd nazwa). Zazwyczaj dla płatności pojawiają się na trzech z tych zdjęć. Im więcej, tym większa nagroda daje maszyny gry hazardowe.
Ponadto symbole rozproszone sugerują zapłatę całkowitego zakładu i nie postawić na linii automatu do gier – co czyni je bardziej atrakcyjne dla graczy. Często również aktywować dodatkowe gry bonusowe i darmowe spiny, zwłaszcza podczas kasyno gry online.
Symbol "Dziki" (dziki symbol) – symbol ten może zastąpić dowolny inny obraz są (z wyjątkiem symboli scatter, symboli bonusowych, a czasami kilka innych obrazów) potrzebnych do uzyskania kombinacji zarobkowej.
Znaków bonus – w niektórych grach bonusowych aktywowana symboli scatter sloty, ale najczęściej występuje z symboli specjalnych bonusów pojawiających się na ekranie, w wymaganej ilości i kolejności.
Posiadające wszystkie z nich, a może jakieś dodatkowe symbole w automacie – to sprawia, że gra bardziej ekscytujące niż inne kasyno gry online. Opłacalność jest określona przez otwór w pierwszym miejscu, jego procentowe wypłat.
Wygrać w automatach nie tylko korzystania z niektórych kombinacji znaków, które są uprawnione. W większości tych użytkowników są również oferowane w grę bonusową. Można je podzielić na dwie grupy uwarunkowanych, a każdy z graczy musi zdecydować, który z jego ciekawych gier bonusowych.
Mówimy o wolnych obrotów i gier bonusowych na drugim ekranie. Pierwszy typ zakłada, że po utracie niektórych znaków na ekranie, gracz ma prawo do kilku darmowych gier bębnów. Często podczas tych obrotów płatności są dokonywane w celu zwiększenia szanse.
Zagraj za darmo w automaty do gry można znaleźć na stronie automaty-x.com
Each and every one player began at one time or an alternate and had no idea about how to play online slot games. Many online gambling clubs offer a large number of distinctive online opening machines for their players with new ones being executed constantly. On the off chance that you have never played online slots previously it's critical that you use a couple of minutes and take in learning of how to play. There are various sorts of online slot games to play and there are additionally huge amounts of uncommon gimmicks that you ought to be mindful of before you start playing.
Guidelines to be known and check before playing online slots:
Different types of online Spille automater machines and how they work can be understood by:
The most widely recognized sort of slot is that play is the conventional three reel opening machine. These days most online slot players discover little fervor playing the customary openings however, and in this manner clubhouse have been caught up with including new cutting edge five reel opening machines including dynamic bonanza opening machines. Dynamic big stake machines or jackpot slot machines are effortlessly the most played on the web today basically in light of the fact that they give each player the opportunity to win a colossal aggregate of cash without using that much. You can take a seat and play a dynamic bonanza machine throughout the day and with the opportunity to win well in excess of six figures on most bonanzas, it's acceptable why these sorts of machines are the best right now. There are still a lot of current five reel spaces that don't have big stakes. As opposed to offering a big stake the greater part of the opening machines will have extra adjusts and extraordinary prizes accessible to be won. The one critical dependable guideline before taking a seat and playing space machines is that you ought to dependably peruse the tenets to each opening machine. The principles fluctuate between every opening machine and you would prefer not to miss out on a reward on the grounds that you figure out you weren't making the correct wagers.
How they work:
Online slots work little different but all is similar to real life slots. In online slots when spin button is pressed the machine work out for a random number and goes around the reel and will stop at one number. There will be symbols shown for the easier way to know for the players.
Not only are you not affected by the physical constraints of distance or time, you also get the same amount of luck at winning when playing at an online casino.
One of the major factors that make an online casino worth your time and effort are the added features that good casinos offer and are totally absent in real life casinos. If you are in for the money that you can win at a casino, then online casinos are your best bet. Let us see why.
First time joiners are welcomed with joining bonuses
Most online casinos including Casino SBOBET offer attractive joining bonuses to new entrants into the field. If you are unfamiliar with the online version of the real thing, this is a major factor that will help you land yourself and understand the games properly.
When you put in an initial deposit with an online casino, you will also receive a bonus amount that you can spend on from the time you join. You can easily use this amount to learn the details of the game and make sure that you know how to play it well, before you actually spend your hard-earned money on the real game.
Not only is there an initial bonus, you also become eligible for comprehensive bonuses along the way. These are mostly awarded every time you overstep a limit or make a huge win. These features are entirely absent in a real world casino, and so your chances at making more wins with an online casino are more than with a real casino.
What to look out for when joining an online casino?
Not all casinos are the same. There are those that are scammers, who are entirely after your money. Hence, it pays to first do some basic research before committing to a casino. Check around on gaming forums to confirm that the casino is genuine and you are not going to be taken on a ride once you join.
Ensure that they have good customer support and that you read all the fine print on the document before signing up for it. Should you suspect any chance of the casino not working as it ought to, it is best to be safe and stay away from it? There is no dearth for authentic ones, so continue your search till you find the one that actually works to your benefit.
People who are tired of their jobs look out for comfort and coziness. Since they have been working for the entire week it would be tough to create the programs that would involve outings. People would prefer staying at home. Thus there are certain ways with which one can get entertained. You can register with online casino Deutschland.
The best casinos for play
If you are looking for something like freebies then you can find out which are the free games available. Of course, online casinos do not give you free games all the time. But if you are a new entrant and if you wish to play certain trial games then you can register at some good online casinos and pass your time in that fashion.
The main fundamental of free games is that people can play such trial games and once they know they can do it they can invest the money and play the real games. The money playing games are really fun and they would have more entertainment. You should however decide as to how much you would put in. Do not put all the potatoes in one basket. This is because otherwise there would be nothing left. You should play the casino games only with the extra money. Do not take loans for such things as it won't be safe for your financial health.
Why online?
Some people who have habit of visiting the real casinos feel that why are online casinos preferred. Well if you see the online casino Deutschland you will realize that these games are so much fun. Apart from comfort levels; you will also have the benefit of staying at one place without the need for travel. There won't be traffic and crowd. You can play with the best level of comfort and yet have the same fun.
If you wish to find out how much the other players have won and what is their winning history then that can be availed with merely a few clicks. Thus there are a lot of options for you. You just have to explore them on trial games. You will learn a lot form such games. The time has come to move hand in hand with the world. The modern man works but at the same time has lots of fun as well. This is what life all about is. Just hold on with this.
Crowd at casinos may be the worst reason to jump to the sudden infatuation of poker online for many. But one thing that most people leave it to astray is they do not think what the guarantee or safety playing online. An online, even though accepted as a different venture to enjoy, they carry equal awful elements at the back many time to derail the real cheers. If playing online are to become a successful as a game they demand a set of safety rules and precautions.
How To Play Safe Poker Online
The primary objective of playing assured poker begins with the site itself. Safety of any online poker where are the funds are really safe and where the software is assured that it is in no way rigged is the beginning of the deliberation. An unverified site and an inexperienced one are the worst and the good one is that has a reliable tag with a large number of players and that has a regular Audit from third parties. Software ensuring the protection of players, their money, their passwords and their playing profiles are worth to consider and sites with unworthy promises and unrealizable stakes carry more harm. The instances of some bad collusion among players have been a bolt from the blue some years ago. A customer support which can ideally take action to investigate any reported misgivings and bad experience is of course the channel for good faith. Take steps to deny and ensure play only happens with a better site that is not vulnerable to hacking and threats of profile leakage. It is many times better if sincere steps are taken to do one's own research rather than accepting other's advice. Finally a play for free carries the right idea to open, check and then relish in real entertainment.


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LIGHT OF DAY WINTERFEST 2015Posted on 01.22.15
I'm just back from Asbury Park, NJ for another magical Light Of Day; one that I won't soon forget. There are so many people to thank for making every year better than the last: Joe D'Urso (THE hardest working man in ANY business) and Stone Caravan, Tony Pallagrosi, Willie Nile, (and his insanely great band band: Johnny Pisano, Matt Hogan, Alex Alexander), and Gord Hunter andGinette Blais, to name a few. Bob Benjamin remains an inspiration; thanks, Bob for moving me to work for this cause and including me in this growing family. This article from Rolling Stone sums it up nicely EXCEPT for one thing: Sam Llanas from the BoDeans (mentioned here among others as "rising to the occasion") was, in fact, me. Sam couldn't make it, so I stepped in. And yes, I rubbed elbows with Bruce again. And yes, it still blows my mind.


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Originally written on SteelerAddicts | Last updated 11/19/14
DENVER - AUGUST 29: Head coach Mike Tomlin of the Pittsburgh Steelers has something to say to cornerback Keenan Lewis after he was called for a personal foul as he tackled Brandon Lloyd of the Denver Broncos during preseason NFL action at INVESCO Field at Mile High on August 29, 2010 in Denver, Colorado. (Photo by Doug Pensinger/Getty Images)
Even though the Pittsburgh Steelers are handcuffed by the salary cap, they have to find a way to re-sign Keenan Lewis, who had a breakout season as a starting cornerback in 2012. Or do they? Second-year cornerback Cortez Allen showed in the final two weeks of 2012 that he could push for a starting job in 2013. Allen intercepted two passes and forced three fumbles. So in two games he was in on 25 percent of the Steelers' 20 takeaways in 2012. Assuming Ike Taylor returns to health and is ready to go in 2013, the ball-hawking Allen would be a nice complement as a starter to Taylor, who has hands of stone despite being a shutdown corner. The Steelers could be tempted to save some money by letting Lewis leave as a free agent and starting Taylor and Allen at cornerback next season. Then they could draft a cornerback like Florida State's Xavier Rhodes or Mississippi State's Johnthan Banks to replace Allen as the third corner. Don't do it, Steelers. The Steelers are projected to be about $...
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wow i didnt know Elie can write such good poetry wow im breath taken wow wat great writing
Well...they're a few...so yeah... shall remain secret XDOriginally Posted by setsuna mudo1617
Anyways...i did it in a rush(about 5 mins)and thanks for the reviews ppl
I made it real simple, if u compare it to my other works... i just wanted the person to get the meaning...i didnt really bother with the title...seems lame but thanks for appreciating it ^_^
wow i didnt know Elie can write such good poetry wow im breath taken wow wat great writing
Last edited by stealthfox448; Jul 18, 2006 at 06:50 PM.
This is something that I find nicer than all of the others ones before, much more caring and touching too, kinda well...me tired, so, but there is something in this writting not found in others, I might comment when more awake...nighy oni-chan
Thanks to Xelhes for this amazing work of art ^.^
Poetry Corner CLICK HERE IF YOU KNOW ME
lol you said you make it simple but it has quite a great meaning
okay i must first of all say sorry to elie.....really sorry i havent bin posting on ur work...
u're getting better elie coz u put ur emotions into ur poems n it's abt family which cool since they are our nearest n dearest
keep it up
Thanks for the siggy Ky-lyrra
awww, so sweet.Originally Posted by elie26
Someway kinda "sticky-poo" poem (read: love)
but really beatiful... Despair, love, care...Good job elie
Love hurts...trust me I know, I really do...
thats great elie i liked it a lot
thnx saz
Just plain beautiful Elie. I love it... I really felt emotion reading it, and the last lines in the first one... powerful and lovely. I shall keep an eye on this thread, and you. I'd love to read more of your works, you are an astounding writer.


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Charges have been filed against the surviving suspect in the Boston Marathon bombing case. Dzhokhar Tsarnaev is accused of conspiring to use a weapon of mass destruction — in this case, the bomb used to kill three people and injure many more. New details about the government's evidence against Tsarnaev and his older brother are emerging.
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Every enterprise evolves continuously, driven by changing needs or new opportunities. Most often this happens gradually, with small adjustments to strategy, organization, processes, or infrastructure. But sometimes enterprises need to go beyond minor fixes and transform themselves, in response to a disruptive event or dramatically changing circumstances—a merger, for example, or a new competitor. In this book, enterprise architecting experts Deborah Nightingale and Donna Rhodes offer a framework for enterprise transformation. Successful transformation, they believe, starts with a holistic approach, taking into consideration all facets of the enterprise and its environment rather than focusing solely on one factor—information technology, for example, or organizational structure. This is architecting the future enterprise: creating a blueprint for what the enterprise will look like after the transformation.
Nightingale and Rhodes introduce the ARIES (Architecting Innovative Enterprise Strategy) framework, including a ten enterprise element model and an architecting process model, and show how to apply it, from start to finish. They explain how to create a holistic vision for the future enterprise and how to generate concepts and alternative architectures; they describe techniques for evaluating possible architectures, tools for implementation planning, and strategies for communicating with stakeholders. Nightingale and Rhodes offer real-world examples throughout, drawing on their work at MIT, with an extensive case study of enterprise transformation at a medical device manufacturer. An appendix offers two additional architecting projects.
Seven Architecting Imperatives
• Make architecting the initial activity in transformation.
• Develop a comprehensive understanding of the enterprise landscape.
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• Architect for the enterprise's changing world.
Breakthroughs in medical science, innovations in medical technologies, and improvements in clinical practices occur today at an increasingly rapid rate. Yet because of a fragmented healthcare delivery system, many Americans are unable to benefit from these developments. How can we design a system that can provide high-quality, affordable healthcare for everyone? In this book, William Rouse and Nicoleta Serban introduce concepts, principles, models, and methods for understanding, and improving, healthcare delivery. Approaching the topic from the perspectives of engineering and statistics, they argue that understanding healthcare delivery as a complex adaptive system will help us design a system that is more efficient, effective, and equitable.The authors use multilevel simulation models as a quantitative tool for evaluating alternate ways of organizing healthcare delivery. They employ this approach, for example, in their discussions of affordability, a prevention and wellness program, chronic disease management, and primary care accessibility for children in the Medicaid program. They also consider possible benefits from a range of technologies, including electronic health records and telemedicine; data mining as an alternative to randomized trials; conceptual and analytical methodologies that address the complexity of the healthcare system; and how these principles, models, and methods can enable transformational change.
Urbanization and globalization have shaped the last hundred years. These two dominant trends are mutually reinforcing: globalization links countries through the networked communications of urban hubs. The urban population now generates more than eighty percent of global GDP. Cities account for enormous flows of energy and materials—inflows of goods and services and outflows of waste. Thus urban environmental management critically affects global sustainability. In this book, Paulo Ferrão and John Fernández offer a metabolic perspective on urban sustainability, viewing the city as a metabolism, in terms of its exchanges of matter and energy. Their book provides a roadmap to the strategies and tools needed for a scientifically based framework for analyzing and promoting the sustainability of urban systems. Using the concept of urban metabolism as a unifying framework, Ferrão and Fernandez describe a systems-oriented approach that establishes useful linkages among environmental, economic, social, and technical infrastructure issues. These linkages lead to an integrated information-intensive platform that enables ecologically informed urban planning. After establishing the theoretical background and describing the diversity of contributing disciplines, the authors sample sustainability approaches and tools, offer an extended study of the urban metabolism of Lisbon, and outline the challenges and opportunities in approaching urban sustainability in both developed and developing countries.
Over the last several thousand years of human life on Earth, agricultural settlements became urban cores, and these regional settlements became tightly connected through infrastructures transporting people, materials, and information. This global network of urban systems, including ecosystems, is the anthroposphere; the physical flows and stocks of matter and energy within it form its metabolism. This book offers an overview of the metabolism of the anthroposphere, with an emphasis on the design of metabolic systems. It takes a cultural historical perspective, supported with methodology from the natural sciences and engineering. The book will be of interest to scholars and practitioners in the fields of regional development, environmental protection, and material management. It will also be a resource for undergraduate and graduate students in industrial ecology, environmental engineering, and resource management.The authors describe the characteristics of material stocks and flows of human settlements in space and time; introduce the method of material flow analysis (MFA) for metabolic studies; analyze regional metabolism and the material systems generated by basic activities; and offer four case studies of optimal metabolic system design: phosphorus management, urban mining, waste management, and mobility. This second edition of an extremely influential book has been substantially revised and greatly expanded. Its new emphasis on design and resource utilization reflects recent debates and scholarship on sustainable development and climate change.
Engineering has experienced a technological revolution, but the basic engineering techniques applied in safety and reliability engineering, created in a simpler, analog world, have changed very little over the years. In this groundbreaking book, Nancy Leveson proposes a new approach to safety--more suited to today's complex, sociotechnical, software-intensive world--based on modern systems thinking and systems theory. Revisiting and updating ideas pioneered by 1950s aerospace engineers in their System Safety concept, and testing her new model extensively on real-world examples, Leveson has created a new approach to safety that is more effective, less expensive, and easier to use than current techniques.
Arguing that traditional models of causality are inadequate, Leveson presents a new, extended model of causation (Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes, or STAMP), then shows how the new model can be used to create techniques for system safety engineering, including accident analysis, hazard analysis, system design, safety in operations, and management of safety-critical systems. She applies the new techniques to real-world events including the friendly-fire loss of a U.S. Blackhawk helicopter in the first Gulf War; the Vioxx recall; the U.S. Navy SUBSAFE program; and the bacterial contamination of a public water supply in a Canadian town. Leveson's approach is relevant even beyond safety engineering, offering techniques for "reengineering" any large sociotechnical system to improve safety and manage risk.
Engineering, for much of the twentieth century, was mainly about artifacts and inventions. Now, it's increasingly about complex systems. As the airplane taxis to the gate, you access the Internet and check email with your PDA, linking the communication and transportation systems. At home, you recharge your plug-in hybrid vehicle, linking transportation to the electricity grid. Today's large-scale, highly complex sociotechnical systems converge, interact, and depend on each other in ways engineers of old could barely have imagined. As scale, scope, and complexity increase, engineers consider technical and social issues together in a highly integrated way as they design flexible, adaptable, robust systems that can be easily modified and reconfigured to satisfy changing requirements and new technological opportunities.
Engineering Systems offers a comprehensive examination of such systems and the associated emerging field of study. Through scholarly discussion, concrete examples, and history, the authors consider the engineer's changing role, new ways to model and analyze these systems, the impacts on engineering education, and the future challenges of meeting human needs through the technologically enabled systems of today and tomorrow.
As Apollo 11's Lunar Module descended toward the moon under automatic control, a program alarm in the guidance computer's software nearly caused a mission abort. Neil Armstrong responded by switching off the automatic mode and taking direct control. He stopped monitoring the computer and began flying the spacecraft, relying on skill to land it and earning praise for a triumph of human over machine. In Digital Apollo, engineer-historian David Mindell takes this famous moment as a starting point for an exploration of the relationship between humans and computers in the Apollo program. In each of the six Apollo landings, the astronaut in command seized control from the computer and landed with his hand on the stick. Mindell recounts the story of astronauts' desire to control their spacecraft in parallel with the history of the Apollo Guidance Computer. From the early days of aviation through the birth of spaceflight, test pilots and astronauts sought to be more than "spam in a can" despite the automatic controls, digital computers, and software developed by engineers. Digital Apollo examines the design and execution of each of the six Apollo moon landings, drawing on transcripts and data telemetry from the flights, astronaut interviews, and NASA's extensive archives. Mindell's exploration of how human pilots and automated systems worked together to achieve the ultimate in flight--a lunar landing--traces and reframes the debate over the future of humans and automation in space. The results have implications for any venture in which human roles seem threatened by automated systems, whether it is the work at our desktops or the future of exploration.David A. Mindell is Dibner Professor of the History of Engineering and Manufacturing, Professor of Engineering Systems, and Director of the Program in Science, Technology, and Society at MIT. He is the author of Between Human and Machine: Feedback, Control, and Computing before Cybernetics and War, Technology, and Experience aboard the USS Monitor.
Project teams can improve results by recognizing that the future is inevitably uncertain and that by creating flexible designs they can adapt to eventualities. This approach enables them to take advantage of new opportunities and avoid harmful losses. Designers of complex, long-lasting projects--such as communication networks, power plants, or hospitals--must learn to abandon fixed specifications and narrow forecasts. They need to avoid the "flaw of averages," the conceptual pitfall that traps so many designs in underperformance. Failure to allow for changing circumstances risks leaving significant value untapped. This book is a guide for creating and implementing value-enhancing flexibility in design. It will be an essential resource for all participants in the development and operation of technological systems: designers, managers, financial analysts, investors, regulators, and academics. The book provides a high-level overview of why flexibility in design is needed to deliver significantly increased value. It describes in detail methods to identify, select, and implement useful flexibility. The book is unique in that it explicitly recognizes that future outcomes are uncertain. It thus presents forecasting, analysis, and evaluation tools especially suited to this reality. Appendixes provide expanded explanations of concepts and analytic tools.
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I've been stuck* in the house so much this summer that I forgot where the front door was. But because I'm planning a brief see-how-it-goes return to work at the library Friday morning, I set off this week in search of an exit. In this photo, you see me on Day 3 exploring a promising bright light in the upper elevations of Staircase Mountain. The light proved to be a mere promontory overlooking Driveway Valley with no safe descent route. I returned to camp late that night tired and hungry but undaunted. Unless someone took it while I was sleeping, I'm pretty sure there's a still a front door here somewhere. The expedition continues.
A Mug a Week: Week 28.
*Stuck in the house recovering from an injury in May, then a surgery in July.
LOL! Hope you're recovering well!!
Me too. You'd be wise to pack a first aid kit and personal locator beacon for those "exit-seeking" explorations.
I hope it all went well. Did they know who you were at work?
A funny coworker kept calling me Stan. :)