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Zoom in to your fleet risks Revealing the fleet risk revolution Also in this issue: • From data to information to insight to action • Being green can save you green • Insurers on telematics and fleet operators that use the technology • Delivering tangible benefits Here to help your world. In this issue 3 Welcome 4 An introduction to telematics 8 Time to revolutionize methods for identifying and managing at risk drivers 12 Steering through regulations 18 Promoting certainty 20 Delivering tangible benefits 22 Beware – safety culture can be contagious 25 Top ten positive approaches to fleet risk management 28 From data to information to insight to action 30 Beyond technology 34 Being green can save you green 36 Insurers on telematics and fleet operators that use the technology 2 insights 10 Welcome Welcome to this edition of insights on telematics and fleet risk management. Managing a fleet is a critical responsibility. Continued uncertainty in world economies makes reductions in operating expenses an increasingly urgent imperative. At the same time, increasing pressure from legislators, regulators and interest groups require that fleet operators take proactive steps to improve safety while also reducing their impact on the environment. Recognizing these challenges, Zurich has pulled together a team of experts to explore new developments in fleet management, with a particular focus on how telematics-based systems can be used in conjunction with driver development programs to improve driver behavior, reduce vehicle operating expenses and lessen environmental impact. We hope you find this publication useful in your fleet risk management strategy, and we would welcome your thoughts and observations. Kind regards For the sake of simplicity and consistency we use the terms 'telematics' or 'telematics systems' throughout this publication to refer to the broad range of systems and technologies available from different providers Inga Beale Robert Gremli for collecting and Chief Global Chief transmitting data about Underwriting Risk Engineering driver behavior, vehicle Officer for Officer, Zurich location and use, etc. General 3 Insurance, Zurich An introduction to GPS Satellite GSM / GPRS Cellular Network or Satellite (one or two-way) End user interface Network Alarm SMS Operating Center Servers The term 'telematics' commonly refers to vehicle-based systems that integrate GPS sensors with wireless communication and computer capabilities. These systems can provide fleet owners and operators with extensive information and intelligence on vehicle location and performance, driver behavior and a wide range of other parameters. Using this data, fleet managers can improve the productivity of mobile workers, reduce collision risks for drivers and other road users, improve fleet performance and ensure compliance with relevant regulations. 4 insights 10 telematics Typically, a fleet safety telematics solution will: System elements System options • monitor vehicle speed In a typical installation, telematics devices A range of system options are available • measure the forces exerted on the are fitted into the company's vehicles, depending on the size and characteristics vehicle during various driving data captured by the device is transmitted of the fleet and the company's needs. Many maneuvers such as turns, starts and to a central server, and the end user(s) fleets start with a basic fleet safety solution, stops; some advanced systems go – fleet managers, depot managers, or basic fleet management capabilities. After further to automatically recognize dispatchers, drivers etc. – access the gaining experience in one area, they tend to risky driving activities data via an internet portal. expand the system to other types of fleets, and incorporate fleet management or more • factor in the vehicle's loaded or The data captured by the devices commonly unloaded status in evaluating the comprehensive, fully integrated mobile include the vehicle's location, speed, driver maneuvers, and calculate a score for resource management capabilities. behavior and vehicle diagnostics data as each maneuver determined by the telematics system. In Fleet Safety Solutions • provide in-vehicle visual and/or audible more comprehensive solutions, it can also Globally, approximately 6% of all fleet feedback to alert the driver of unsafe include data from on-vehicle sensors that vehicles are involved in a collision each year.1 maneuvers and provide a general detect a wide variety of vehicle events and Many of these collisions could be prevented indication of driving performance conditions. At the office, a dispatcher or by monitoring and improving driver fleet manager can view the data on maps • report scores for individual drivers as performance. According to the US Federal or reports in real time via a secure link to well as a composite score for the fleet Motor Carrier Safety Administration, the the data center. based on company-set parameters most common causes for fleet vehicle Some telematics providers supply individual collisions are inadequate driver surveillance, • compare individual driver scores to components; others offer complete, end-to- driving too fast for the conditions, and the average scores for the fleet. end systems or platforms. When choosing speeding around curves and turns.2 a telematics provider, the fleet manager Aggressive and unsafe driving costs should be sure that all components are truly companies billions of dollars due to Some fleet safety solutions also involve interoperable and that the system is easily employee injuries, lost productivity, fines, installation of an in-vehicle video camera to scalable – in the event future needs include asset damage, litigation and poor fuel capture evidence of collisions and other a larger fleet, more varied or complex economy while also contributing to excessive important driving events. operations or additional capabilities. CO2 emissions. The data obtained can be combined with Virtually any fleet operation can benefit other in-depth analytics to help identify root- from the adoption of a fleet safety telematics cause driving behaviors. solution. These solutions enable drivers and 1 http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/Pubs/811059.PDF Report companies to proactively reduce costs, Name: National Motor Vehicle Crash Causation Survey improve fleet safety and increase productivity. 2 http://www.chalatlaw.com/Tractor-Trailer-Accidents.html 5 The fleet safety reports, viewed over an extended period of time, are excellent tools for supervisors to use in conducting targeted driver training and counseling programs. Fleet safety solutions offer many benefits beyond driver safety as driver behavior can have a significant impact on fuel economy and vehicle wear-and-tear. Taken together, improvements in safety and operating efficiency can help reduce insurance rates, reduce vehicle operating and maintenance expenses and improve customer service and profitability. Fleet Management Solutions Fleet management solutions typically provide many of the elements of fleet safety solutions, while offering additional features to further increase fleet productivity. These can include tracking vehicles in real- time, managing work flow and helping drivers navigate to jobs. The dispatcher or fleet manager can: remotely determine the closest vehicle to a new work location by viewing all vehicles on a map; see when a vehicle enters and leaves a work site; and retrieve on-demand reports to determine who is en route, and who is on a break. The 360-degree view of the mobile worker and the work being performed can greatly improve business efficiency. Coupled with fuel management tools, a complete fleet management solution can also increase the company's ability to manage sustainability, identify safety issues and improve productivity. To find out more about how leading telematics solutions could help you, visit www.zurichfleetintelligence.com 6 insights 10 Mobile Resource • Mobile worker and workshift productivity Fleet managers may also consider Management Solution integrating the MRM solution with their – Schedule and optimize jobs and routes. A comprehensive Mobile Resource current back-office software to increase Management (MRM) telematics solution – Real-time work status alerts and productivity while using the software builds on the capabilities of fleet safety and notifications to fleet managers. they already know. fleet management solutions and adds a wide – Manage miles driven and work range of advanced features, including: performed in the field. advanced safety, fleet and mobile worker Conclusion management, vehicle diagnostics, hours-of- – Integrate with time-keeping Businesses are investing globally in service logging, driver alerting, driver-centric application and track hours worked. vehicle telematics solutions to improve applications, two-way communication and • Asset management and utilization safety and productivity, cut operating more. This gives managers the additional costs and enhance their customers' tools and capabilities needed to manage – Optimize the use of vehicles and experience. These solutions range from and optimize a variety of fleet and mobile equipment needed to complete safety-focused solutions to those that workforce operations, including: work efficiently. address virtually every aspect of fleet • Driver performance and compliance – Automate vehicle maintenance tracking and mobile workforce operations. and notification for the entire fleet. Whichever telematics solution is – Compute driver hours of service. selected, remember that data on its – Increase the amount of time vehicles – Provide driver fatigue management. own is of little value – how that data is are in productive use. actually delivered, interpreted and put to – Report pre-and post-trip inspections. – Automate mileage and asset use use is the key to improving safety for – Software as a Service (SaaS) data reporting. fleet personnel, increasing the fleet's archives in case of retroactive operating profitability and reducing its – Monitor loads and assets in a vehicle. government audits. environmental impact. Joyce Tam Sr. Product Marketing Manager Trimble's MRM Division 7 Time to revolutionize methods for identifying and managing 'at risk' drivers During the past five years, we have witnessed a revolution in the nature and extent of 'in-cab' technology that is available to the drivers of personal and commercial motor vehicles. 8 insights 10 Today, such technology as on-board navigation systems, The American Transportation Research Institute1 indicates personal entertainment devices and wireless communication that a significant portion of collisions are triggered by gear – once 'seldom seen' among most vehicles – is now 'at risk' driver behavior, which includes such actions as: common place. These devices, while viewed by most • following too closely drivers as beneficial, also present an 'order of magnitude' increase in the level of driver distraction. • driving too fast for conditions This in-cab technology revolution and associated increase • failing to obey traffic signals or other in 'distracted driver' requires a similar revolutionary 'traffic warning' devices. response by professional fleet managers in their methods Next, researchers have confirmed that drivers with of identifying and managing 'at risk' driver behavior. On repeated patterns of risky behavior are more likely initial evaluation, this statement may seem extreme, so to be involved in a collision than those without such let's take a few moments to better examine the situation. behavior infractions. Zurich's internal analyses consistently reveal that the For example, American Transportation Research most severe and costly vehicle crashes are attributable Institute (ATRI) published a landmark 2005 report, to three incident types. These 'Big Three' incident types, which identified a quantitative model for using past which include rear-end collisions, intersection crashes driver safety performance information to predict and lane change/merge collisions, generally comprise future crash involvement1. 50-70% of total fleet crash costs. 1 Predicting Truck Crash Involvement: Developing A Commercial Driver Behavior-Based Model and Recommended Countermeasures, by The American Transportation Research Institute, October 2005 9 This analytical model found that drivers convicted of Finally, risk management methods for identifying an improper or erratic lane change violation within and managing 'at risk' driver behavior – developed in the previous 12 months were 100% more likely to response to such research findings – may be deficient be involved in a crash in the next 12 months compared in identifying risky behavior, which arises from in-cab to drivers without a similar conviction. technology-related driver distraction(s). With such research findings in hand, professional fleet • Recently published research by the Virginia Tech managers have made some great strides in reducing Transportation Institute revealed that drivers who crashes by implementing programs which help front line were conducting such distracting activities as dialing supervisors identify and manage 'at risk' driver behavior. cell phones, text messaging or reaching for and/or using an electronic communication device were as For example, Zurich teamed up with many of its much as 23 times more at risk of a crash or 'near commercial fleet customers to develop a 'driver indexing' crash' event than a non-distracted driver2. program, which applied a comprehensive driver history algorithm to identify those drivers with the most • Many otherwise risk averse drivers may perceive that problematic safety history. This algorithm was coupled interacting with these new distraction producing to a driver coaching and mentoring tracking mechanism technologies is perfectly acceptable behavior. and then deployed to front-line supervisors, who were Recently, a Zurich Risk Engineer accompanied a proven charged with intervening with identified 'at risk' drivers. safe driver on a road trip to the western United States. In Zurich's experience, fleets that thoroughly deploy such 2 programs typically see a 25-40% reduction in preventable Dr. Rich Hanowski, Director of the Center for Truck and Bus Safety at VTTI, Driver Distraction In Commercial Vehicle Operations, crash costs. Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, September, 2009. Report available at: http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/facts-research/ research-technology/report/FMCSA-RRR-09-042.pdf 10 The driver had recently purchased a vehicle equipped • conducting lengthy telephone conversations. insights 10 with a GPS navigation system, satellite radio and a More than once, the driver had to make sudden vehicle 'Blue Tooth' interface with his 'SmartPhone' wireless maneuvers (such as hard braking or swerve steering), communication device. when he realized he was following too close, During their travels, the Risk Engineer watched in approaching a dangerous intersection, or nearing dismay as this individual frequently interacted with this the centerline of a two-lane highway. technology by: Quite alarmingly, it would take just one 'failure to correct' • querying the GPS device as to the precise location, instance for this otherwise safe driver to have a serious or estimated arrival time, or roadside services that might fatal car crash. be available at a nearby highway interchange; Given these findings, we urge you to re-evaluate your current • reading emails or text messages, which arrived with a fleet risks. distinct tone on his SmartPhone wireless device; and First, consider the nature and extent of in-cab distractions. Next, consider implementing programs that limit, or even prohibit, driver interactions with certain technologies while the vehicle is in motion. Finally, evaluate your existing 'at risk' driver identification and management program. Determine if your program is capable of identifying those otherwise safe drivers who might be at risk of having a crash because of the distractions created from the interactions with in-cab technologies. Jim York Risk Engineering AVP Zurich North America Commercial 11 Steering "In tort law, a duty of care is a legal obligation imposed on an individual requiring that they adhere to a standard of reasonable care while performing any acts that could foreseeably harm others." Although originally referring to the actions1 of individuals, the notion that companies also have duty of care obligations was clearly established in the US in 1916 in the Supreme Court's ruling in the landmark case MacPherson v. Buick Motor Co. This same principle was later established in UK law in 1932 via another landmark case, Donoghue v. Stevenson. Duty of care obligations are now common in virtually all countries around the world. For companies operating commercial vehicle fleets, the duty of care obligations have particular force. In this article, we survey the regulatory environment in different countries concerning companies' duty of care obligations as they relate to vehicle fleets. 1 http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/duty%20of%20care 12 insights 10 insights 10 through regulations their peer group in each of seven Behavioral enforcement will push a significant number Analysis and Safety Improvement Categories of drivers out of a job if fleet operators see (BASICS) covering: unsafe driving, fatigued them as a risk.2" driving (hours of service), driver fitness, Business owners, managers and drivers are controlled substances/alcohol, vehicle scrambling to ensure they are prepared for maintenance, cargo-related and crash the new system. For management, a bad indicator (crash patterns/history). rating could mean lost business, higher Drivers' safety violations will have a more insurance rates, fines, criminal penalties, The view from central impact on companies CSA 2010 or even shutdown of their operation. North America – scores, raising the urgency for management For drivers, there is concern that fleets preparing for Comprehensive to provide effective guidance and coaching could start imposing stronger disciplinary Safety Analysis (CSA) 2010 to their drivers and compelling the fleet measures for safety violations. Drivers' operator to be even more diligent in hiring records will be available (with the consent of In North America, commercial trucking and and selection of drivers. Drivers now face the the driver) to prospective employers through bus fleets are bracing for the arrival of reality that their safety performance history the new Pre-employment Screening Comprehensive Safety Analysis 2010 (CSA will follow them between multiple Program mandated by the US Congress. 2010), a new regulatory program being employers, much like a credit history. Those drivers who are unwilling to authorize implemented by the Federal Motor Carrier prospective employers to view their scores According to report by Transport Topics Safety Administration (FMCSA). This initiative will have a harder time finding employment "Safety accountability falls heavily on truck promises to bring tougher safety regulations in the future. Although the new BASICs drivers under the Comprehensive Safety to fleets. CSA 2010 shines a bright spotlight cover a wide variety of violations, most US Analysis. By identifying drivers' frequent or on drivers' impact on safety and makes fleet serious violations of safety regulations, the Department of Transportation inspections operators accountable even more for their Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (more than 81% of inspections, according drivers' safety performance. seeks to crack down on fleet operators that to FleetOwner3) are triggered by driver With the new CSA 2010 Safety Measurement employ the worst offenders and dramatically behaviors behind the wheel like speeding System, more detailed information about a reduce the number and severity of truck- and other moving violations. These roadside fleet's safety performance will now be visible involved crashes. There is concern, however, inspections tend to expose other, often to the public. Fleets will be scored relative to that the new safety regimen and stricter unrelated violations in different categories. 2 Transport Topics Supplement 'Comprehensive Safety Analysis CSA 2010', page 14 3 http://fleetowner.com/management/news/csa-2010-fleet-data-surprises-0709/ 13 The view from Europe In July 2010 the European Commission announced that it had adopted challenging plans to halve the number of road deaths throughout its member states by 2020. While the specific legal requirements will vary by member state, they are expected to include vehicle and country-specific legislation, and may also involve complying with Health & Safety legislation when the vehicle is considered an extension of the workplace. Different member states have different initiatives, and there is a trend for the European Union (EU) to take examples of best practice that have been proven effective in one member state and roll these out everywhere else. In terms of managing work-related road risks, the UK is leading the way in Europe. If UK best practice is rolled out in Europe then existing Health & Safety legislation will apply to everyone making work-related journeys, and the vehicle (regardless of ownership) will be seen as an extension of the workplace. Consequently, employers' duty of care obligations will clearly extend to employees when they are driving. The UK also has other legislation that fleet operators need to be aware of, especially the Corporate Manslaughter and Homicide Act 2007. This Act established a new offense –'corporate manslaughter'– which applies "… if the way in which an organization's activities are managed or organized causes a person's death; amounts to a gross breach of a relevant duty of care owed 14 insights 10 insights 10 by the organization to the deceased; and the way in which its Consequently, fleet operators should ensure that a robust set of activities are managed or organized by its senior management is a policies and procedures are in place to screen drivers before hiring substantial element in the breach.", according to Personnel Today4. them, establish proven approaches for promoting safe driving, carefully investigate any episodes of unsafe driving they become This has understandably heightened concerns among fleet managers aware of, and provide drivers with driver development tools to about the possibility of an organization being prosecuted following a improve their driving behavior. Equally important is a robust audit serious collision involving one of its employees. In reality, however, trail that shows how the organization is applying these policies this risk has always been there under existing legislation, primarily and procedures. the Health & Safety at Work Act 1974, and its associated legislation. Nonetheless, the Corporate Manslaughter and Homicide Act 2007 is One way to effectively provide such an audit trail is via a likely to become the preferred mechanism for the police and the comprehensive fleet management program centered on telematics Health & Safety Executive in the wake of a serious crash to prosecute devices that provide detailed data on driver behavior and are companies viewed as having breached their duty of care obligations supported by development programs designed to improve driving in the event of a serious crash. skills. When such comprehensive systems are in place, fleet managers can not only provide their drivers with the feedback and tools they Fleet operators in the UK also need to be aware of the guidelines need to become safer drivers, but also have an audit trail clearly produced by the Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO). showing how the company is fulfilling its duty of care obligations. The 'Road Death Investigation Manual' is a set of guidelines for investigating road collisions that result in a fatality. Under these guidelines, the police essentially treat such fatalities as unexplained deaths, and the collision sites as crime scenes, until they have gathered enough evidence to either proceed with prosecution or determine that no other road user was wholly or partially culpable. These guidelines are also used by the police in collisions involving fleets. Per the guidelines, areas the police are expected to investigate in such collisions include vehicle maintenance, fatigue management and the use of mobile telephones. While the chances are quite low that an organization will be investigated or prosecuted under these laws or from following these Andrew Peterson Andy Price guidelines, the consequences can be quite serious if they are. Transportation Practice Leader – Team Manager Motor Fleet Zurich Services Zurich Risk 4 http://www.personneltoday.com/articles/2010/02/18/54149/ Corporation Risk Engineering UK corporate-manslaughter-new-guidelines-for-sentencing.html Engineering 15 The legislative view from Australia This is an important step towards reforming how Australia regulates its transport sector. The proposed reforms should be fully implemented by 2013. The following list of model legislation will be consolidated into National Heavy Vehicle Regulator one national law: All this is to change following the decision in 2009 by the Council of Australian • heavy vehicle registration In Australia, legislation governing fleet Governments (COAG) to develop the operations are currently administered by • vehicle standards National Heavy Vehicle Regulator (NHVR) both Federal and State law. Federal to act as single regulator for all road, rail • heavy vehicle charges legislation addresses vehicle safety, design, and maritime transport. The aim of this and road laws. Individual states are • mass and loading new body is to remove the inefficiencies responsible for safety, and transport arising from inconsistent jurisdictional • oversize and over mass vehicles operators licensing. The latter causes much requirements and streamline regulatory confusion and angst, as many trucking • restricted access vehicles arrangements. This should lead to improved companies operate interstate, and therefore safety and productivity, while reducing costs • higher mass limits face the challenge of complying with and the regulatory burden on Australian differing legislation that exists from state to • compliance and enforcement transport companies. state. Currently, an interstate truck driver • heavy vehicle driver fatigue must comply with all the regulations that Once set up, the NHVR will be responsible apply in each of the jurisdictions they drive for putting in place nationwide rules and • heavy vehicle speeding compliance through. Even small differences can create regulations for all vehicles over 4.5 tonnes, • intelligent access program extra costs, red tape and confusion for the including inspection standards, safe driving trucking industry. hours, mass limits and registration. • alternative compliance. 16 insights 10 ... all sectors of the transport industry, including transport operators, logistics companies and drivers should benefit from the IAP. Intelligent Access Program This means that the IAP Service Provider This access provides transport operators A milestone for Australia's transport industry is capable of determining whether the with the potential to: is the Intelligent Access Program (IAP), which vehicle has: • improve productivity is a voluntary program providing heavy • been somewhere other than the vehicles with improved access to Australia's • improve turnaround times permitted route road network in return for monitoring • increase profits compliance via vehicle telematics solutions. • traveled on a permitted route but The IAP is an innovation enabling increased at a prohibited time • gain an advantage over a competitor productivity of road freight transport, while • exceeded the speed condition • deliver a better service and price improving road safety, asset management stipulated by the road authority. to customers. and environmental outcomes. All sectors of the transport industry, including transport Although monitoring of vehicle route Joining and reaping the benefits of the IAP is operators, logistics companies and drivers, compliance is required under all IAP simple and easy, with participation open to should benefit from the IAP. For road Applications, monitoring other parameters all transport operators regardless of their authorities the IAP provides a brand new is optional. While a vehicle operating in the fleet size. Transport operators need to make approach to road management IAP is monitored continually, road authorities a commercial decision regarding the benefits are only interested in data that demonstrates the IAP can provide their business. Under the IAP, participating heavy vehicles the vehicle's compliance with its conditions are monitored using in vehicle telematics of access. solutions. The telematics device is supplied and operated by an IAP Service Provider – Transport operators who participate in the a company that may already provide IAP are granted enhanced access to the road telematics services to transport operators. network by a road authority, allowing their The IAP monitors three parameters – heavy vehicles to travel on routes they would route, time and speed. not otherwise be allowed to access. Bibliography Mervyn Rea http://www.federalfinancialrelations.gov.au/content/national_partnership_agreements/ infrastructure/heavy_vehicle_project_office/Heavy_Vehicle_%20Project_Office_NP.pdf Regional Risk Engineering Manager http://www.laa.asn.au/pdf/NHVR_Aug10.pdf Zurich Risk Engineering, Australia http://www.ntc.gov.au/viewpage.aspx?documentid=1931 http://www.iap.gov.au/index.html 17 Promoting certainty Telematics data complements claims investigations as an unbiased witness. If ignorance is no case for defense, and Taking the 'I would rather not know attitude • Have you ever invested considerable time powerful vehicle telematics technology is at to what my drivers are doing' will not keep and money contesting a claim when, in the our fingertips, then the case for its use has you and your company out of court. Telematics end, it was clear your driver was at fault? never been stronger. The successful use of technology empowers you to take a proactive • Have you ever had one your vehicles stolen? vehicle telematics empowers an organization approach to protecting your company's brand with a level of transparency. When a crash image by lowering risk exposures and adding • Have you experienced recurring problems occurs, telematics can help identify root an unbiased witness every time your with employees using company vehicles causes as well as opportunities for avoiding company's vehicle is on the road. for private use? such collisions in the future. Moreover, vehicle • Have you ever had an incident where Telematics data can help resolve these telematics systems offer a strong defense the 'innocent' victim claims your challenges. In the event of a crash, telematics against fraudulent claims of liability or company's vehicle rear ended them data can detect the severity of the impact negligence. In short, a telematics system not causing significant damage and injuries, and provide important evidence to fight off only promotes more sophisticated fleet risk when there is barely a scratch on the front fraudulent claims… or to quickly confirm management, it can also be a powerful ally bumper of your vehicle? liability. Telematics systems also can assist in in today's increasingly litigious environment. the speedy recovery of stolen vehicles as well as provide a means for eliminating unauthorized use. 18 insights 10 insights 10 Enabling more efficient and • Determining the change of velocity (Delta V) of a collision for crash severity and effective claims handling injury causation. When a crash occurs, there are numerous • Identifying questionable or fraudulent injury claims as the result of a collision, issues that might complicate or slow down e.g., telematics data can be an excellent complement to determining low impact the settlement process. Most of these and low severity collision claims. issues ultimately relate back to the challenge of determining exactly what • Identifying if there was a failure to stop or yield at an intersection and if a driver happened. However, with a telematics had the last clear chance to avoid a collision in a variety of collision scenarios. system in place, reconstructing exactly • Aiding in determining the collision sequence where multiple vehicles are involved. what happened can be done with much • Validating if, in certain cases, a collision occurred within the policy coverage period. greater certainty and confidence. As a result, a wide variety of claim questions • Determining the use or lack of use of seat belts or other restraint systems. can reliably and accurately be addressed • Evaluating potential mechanical failures, e.g., brakes, airbags, seatbelts, steering, based on the data received from the tires, etc., as causing or contributing to the collision. telematics device deployed in your company's vehicles. This, in turn, means • Determining driver negligence in a wide variety of collision scenarios. that claims can be more accurately • Establishing and building subrogation and recovery possibilities. reserved, resolved, or defended. For • Locating and recovering stolen vehicles. example, when a crash occurs, telematics data can be especially useful in: • Monitoring vehicle use by employees outside normal work periods. Since telematics data acts as an 'unbiased Advancing risk mitigation witness,' it can help resolve conflicting There is no doubt that a sophisticated reports and quickly expose fraudulent fleet risk management solution built representations. The benefits of quickly around telematics devices and supported and objectively addressing these issues are by the latest driver development tools numerous. And even when the data is can significantly improve safety, reduce not favorable to an insurer, significant fleet operating expenses and lessen investigation, indemnity, and legal costs environmental impacts. As claims can be mitigated. professionals, we believe that such solutions will also have significant Also, since telematics data can be obtained benefits when it comes to making the economically, its use for crash reconstruction claim settlement process fairer and purposes doesn't have to be reserved just faster, which in turn, should reduce for serious collisions; it can also be used in Tim Vaughan Shaughn overall settlement expenses. minor impact, non-casualty claims to Manager – Kennedy expedite the claims process and reduce Mechanical Claims Mechanical Claim overall crash investigation and defense costs. Zurich Direct Specialist Zurich Markets 19 Delivering tangible benefits The scale of the economic downturn in 2007 took much of the logistics industry by surprise. Faced with reduced turnover and a In-vehicle technology can generate valuable insights large excess capacity of empty trailers, DFDS entered the lucrative transportation market for improving driver behavior, which can lead to of high value consumer goods. improvements to road safety and reduce operational By implementing Novacom's telematics costs by making vehicle performance and routing system, DFDS were able to ensure quality trailer security, ensuring complete end-to- more efficient. end security for consumers. In this article, we look at real examples of how telematics systems are being Following a successful pilot, DFDS used to enable improvements in driving behavior and help fleet operators implemented the solution in 100 trailers. demonstrate the steps they are taking to meet their corporate, social and Commenting on the success, Mervyn environmental responsibilities. McIntyre, Group Equipment Manager, DFDS said "Despite a downturn across many of . our competitors, the complete solution we are now offering has enabled us to secure major new business. To date this represents in excess of 10% of the total continental revenue generated by the company as a whole and continues to provide us with a strong growth potential going forward." 20 insights 10 insights 10 A UK transit agency convinced the local The fleet loss prevention manager for a Commenting on Qualcomm's mobile authority to make safety improvements to security system company saw an 80% resource management solution, an unsafe roundabout. The transit agency reduction in speeding incidents across the Alan Mass, Operations Manager, used data supplied by GreenRoad to show fleet after the implementation of a mobile Mid Atlantic Tree Harvesters said: the nature and extent of the risks faced by resource management system. "Service Fleet Manager has improved our drivers entering the roundabout, which is bottom line by USD 250,000 by helping us located on a hill at the end of a local In addition to enforcing a safer driving lower fuel expenses, improve productivity street. They provided the local authority culture by implementing a telematics and reduce odd hour usage." the evidence required to compel the solution, a telecommunications company government to change the lane markings also benefited from: and increase signage, thus helping to reduce the risks posed by the roundabout. − 5% overall MPG improvement across There are many more examples of how fleet the entire fleet operators in different industry sectors have benefited from insightful data made available Telematics data confirmed to a home-to- − 5% decrease in vehicle repair costs by telematics based solutions. However, one school service provider in the UK that the has to keep in mind that data on driver − 30% reduction of trip miles per day traffic configuration for exiting the depot behavior and vehicle performance is just the was unsafe and should be changed. − Up to 90 minutes of engine idle time first step. Telematics provides the tools and The route included a right turn out of reduction per day. opportunities to help you make necessary a blind junction, but company managers' changes to the way your fleet operates. pleas to change the route were initially Taking a long-term view to improve your fleet ignored by the school due to parents' Telematics provides the tools risk management processes and procedures is objections to any change to the route or vital so that safety becomes business as usual, schedule. While drivers had been noting this and opportunities to help you and tangible benefits in terms of fewer situation for some time, safety heat mapping make necessary changes to claims, lower fuels costs and reduced based on telematics data confirmed this the way your fleet operates. emissions are achieved. problem by demonstrating a concentration of risky maneuvers at this spot. Using the GreenRoad reports, the company was able to obtain permission from the school for their drivers to turn left out of the depot and Tom Richardson create a safer environment for all involved. Head of Customer Relationship Management, Zurich Global Corporate UK 21 Beware – safety culture can be contagious While billions of dollars have been spent on vehicle safety technology, fleet managers are finding one of the most effective safety investments is to create a safety 'ethos'. Historically, improving road safety has been While these are all enormously beneficial — However, recent evidence suggests that seen as the purview of: no one can dispute the significantly positive these myriad efforts might be trumped by impact that has been achieved by requiring a simple idea: inculcating a safety 'ethos'. • vehicle manufacturers who seek to design seat-belts in all vehicles, to cite just one vehicles with ever more sophisticated life Merriam-Webster defines 'ethos' as "the example—driving still remains one of the saving features distinguishing character, sentiment, moral riskiest aspects of modern living. In the US nature, or guiding beliefs of a person, group, • civil engineers who seek to design ever alone close to 40,000 people die each year or institution." 4 safer roadways in collisions.1 Three million end up in hospital.2 And 75% of work related deaths • policy makers who seek to impose safer result from vehicle crashes.3 driving via laws and regulations. 22 insights 10 insights 10 ... ever more fleet risk managers are learning that real improvements in safety can be achieved by addressing the factors that most impact the driving culture: attitude and awareness. While establishing a safety ethos in each and impact the driving culture: attitude and The fleet also tapped into the power of every driver is a worthy aspiration, achieving awareness. These are the cornerstones peer influence by asking their safest drivers that in reality seems like an insurmountable for ethos-shared safety principles that to compile a 'cheat sheet' of ways to address challenge – although Zurich, other insurers, guide and inspire permanent changes common driving safety issues. and many others will continue to take steps in safety performance. Within about six months, the majority of the to achieve this ideal. So how exactly are fleets creating a safety company's drivers were green. Today, almost But within a commercial enterprise where ethos and what are the benefits? two years after the effort was implemented, everyone shares a set of common objectives, the company has continued to incorporate and mechanisms are available for influencing Attitude incentives for safe driving into the way they the organizational culture, can an ethos It starts by changing how safety is valued. do business. Drivers who maintain safe, centered on safety be created? And if so, The default response is often to be most green driving levels receive a monthly safety what are the implications? concerned about safety after something bonus and recognition in front of their peers. goes wrong. Instead, what if safety was a For those drivers who do not maintain green There is increasing evidence supporting the daily, hourly or even constant occupation? levels, the company provides counseling and idea that instilling a safety ethos is actually Companies that routinely and consistently gives them the opportunity to change their good business – saving thousands of dollars provide modest incentives and regularly own driving behavior before considering per year per driver. This is a clear case of reward drivers for high safety scores elevate progressive disciplinary actions. where an ounce of prevention can save lives and money. its importance. Earlier this year, a groundbreaking study by When a US petroleum transporter the Highway Loss Data Institute (HLDI) and implemented a telematics-based system to the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety complement its existing safety programs, 1 WHO Global Status Report on Road Safety, 2009. found that states that had banned the use managers wanted to instill a cultural change p. 228. http://whqlibdoc.who.int/ of hand-held cell phones saw no reduction across the company. The company decided publications/2009/9789241563840_eng.pdf. Accessed September 20, 2010 in collisions. to focus on the positive. For the first several 2WHO Global Status Report on Road Safety, 2009. months, the company recognized the safest, While the results of this study rattled the p. 228. http://whqlibdoc.who.int/ and greenest drivers in a variety of ways, publications/2009/9789241563840_eng.pdf. conventionally accepted wisdom, the Accessed September 20, 2010 including praising them at monthly driver underlying theme was probably not a 3'Road Safety Minister Applauds Driving for Better meetings and distributing gift cards to surprise to most fleet managers: mandating Business.' Excerpt from Jim Fitzpatrick MP Speaking at thank them for their safe driving. Managers the Fleet Business Show, Wednesday 30th April 2008. driver behavior rarely works. received weekly emails recognizing http://www.roadsafe.com/news/article. aspx?article=674. Accessed September 20, 2010 Instead, many fleet managers are learning significant milestones, such as a driver 4 Ethos. (2010). In Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 15 that real improvements in safety can be obtaining a green score for the first time September 2010, from http://www.merriam-webster. achieved by addressing the factors that most or an entire depot consistently driving green. com/dictionary/ethos. 23 motivating the staff to always think about what they can improve. This leads not only to fewer crashes and lower fuel costs, but also permeates into non- driving aspects of the job. For example, many fleet operators report that after implementing Awareness risk maneuvers they were making – because safety programs they experience a reduction It has long been observed that poor without comprehensive visibility into driving in workers' compensation claims. A leading performers tend to grossly overestimate their behavior it was impossible to detect. specialty contractor for communications abilities. According to the Dunning-Kruger companies, utilities and governments Kent Wiles, a driver trainer at Ryder notes: throughout the United States, saw higher effect "a cognitive bias exists in which an "A lot of us never realized what kind of customer satisfaction ratings among unskilled person makes poor decisions and G-force we were putting on the vehicle customers served by drivers who were driving reaches erroneous conclusions, but their with curves and lane changes. Once we safely. The safety culture instilled while in their incompetence denies them the metacognitive introduced GreenRoad's solutions to drivers vehicles had spilled over into other areas of ability to realize their mistakes.1" and get it out there, it opens their eyes. their jobs. Indeed, improvements in the Importantly, however, while Dunning and It helps you become more aware of your quality of installation work were associated Kruger propose that, "for a given skill, surroundings and the effect you're having with improvements in driving safety for incompetent people will tend to overestimate on traffic around you." these drivers. their own level of skill," they will also "recognize and acknowledge their own Best Practices previous lack of skill, if they can be trained But awareness alone, of course, is not to substantially improve." enough to permanently change performance; Telematics-based systems are not employed it must also be shared. Fleets that develop Dan Steere, CEO channels and forums to share and exchange GreenRoad to expose the 'incompetent' – no company will knowingly put a demonstrably best practices note that it can have a incompetent driver behind the wheel of contagious effect. one of its vehicles. However, the specific, IDM Trucking, a transportation company that objective data telematics systems generate serves small to large sized businesses in the can significantly heighten awareness of Mid-Atlantic region, has been experimenting unsafe driving habits, and provide impetus with encouraging its employees who receive and direction for taking actions to improve. Ed Dubens, CEO green safety scores to share tips for safe and For example, Ryder Trucks found that many efficient driving with their peers. The result is Interactive Driving Systems ® of its drivers were unaware of the high a constant dialogue among employees, 1 Unskilled and Unaware of It: How Difficulties in Recognizing One's Own Incompetence Lead to Inflated Self-Assessments, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1999, by Justin Kruger and David Dunning 24 insights 10 insights 10 10 Top positive approaches to fleet risk management According to US Department of Transportation and US Department of Energy, driver behavior contributes to more than 90% of vehicle crashes and up to 33% of fuel consumption. Consequently, motivating your drivers and technology is often met with resistance and providing them with effective ongoing will be unlikely to deliver the full benefits they coaching to help them drive safely is key to offer. At the same time, fleet managers need reducing your fleet risk. to appreciate that installing telematics devices Unfortunately, many fleets that have into vehicles is only the first step in the process. in-vehicle technology intended to monitor Following are some proven approaches you driving performance have shown mixed and your drivers can take when embarking success, largely due to lack of driver on the telematics 'journey' to create a acceptance of the system as well as climate where all parties enthusiastically insufficient management commitment embrace the safety and performance to leveraging the full benefits of these oriented organizational culture that can be systems. Without the buy-in of drivers achieved via a comprehensive telematics- (and their union, if there is one), in-vehicle enabled fleet risk management solution. 25 Focus on saving lives – of your drivers Avoid 'Big Brother' or surveillance- 1 and the public. Driving is consistently among the 3 based approaches. Be wary of in-vehicle top three most dangerous professions and is the number technologies that are primarily about surveillance of your one cause of workplace death in the United States, drivers. Instead, empower your drivers with proactive according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Cutting your coaching tools and transparent reporting to help them fleet's risks with in-vehicle technology that helps drivers achieve measurable safety and fuel-efficiency goals. eliminate dangerous maneuvers can have a real impact, helping avoid injuries and fatalities. Take an approach that Treat drivers with respect. goes beyond managing your vehicle assets and focuses on drivers – and keeping them and the public safe. 4 Driving is like any profession… doctors, accountants and drivers benefit from continued education. Give drivers immediate and objective feedback, helping them recognize and self-correct risky and Work together to cut costs by reducing 2 fleet risk. In a time of economic uncertainty, helping inefficient driving behaviors as they occur. the company save money by reducing crash costs and Employ a driver-centric model. The best improving fuel efficiency should lead to less pressure to cut labor costs through layoffs or pay cuts. 5 driver safety improvement programs and technologies employ approaches that are attuned to the way people learn and incorporate transparent feedback, along with fully supported training and development. 26 insights 10 Tap into the union's influence with Taking a positive approach applies 6 your drivers. Improving employee safety, protecting 9 to all levels in the organization. Provide other road users and improving the environment are shared tools to coach positively for managers in every part goals between any union and management. Drivers' unions of the organization – safety, fuel, insurance/risk, etc. Even have seen the benefits of introducing in-vehicle technology if technology has identified a safety concern within your that improves drivers' working environments while ensuring fleet, use constructive messages to encourage change. that driving performance is evaluated fairly and accurately. Find positive news or highlight a driver's improvements, At FirstGroup UK Bus, the Unite union (the UK's largest and use contests or other incentives to foster an Trade Union) has been vocal in its support of the driver environment of friendly competition among drivers. Posting decision system in place in its buses. the driving safety scores of the fleet in a break room, for (www.greenroad.com/news/category/videos/). example, puts gentle pressure on a professional driver who falls below his or her peers. For occasional disciplinary measures, take a progressive approach so that drivers Provide meaningful and transparent 7 feedback. Drivers need and appreciate transparent have the opportunity to improve. and open feedback that will help them recognize and self- Managing risk is not about claims and 10 blames. Monitoring your drivers' behavior in order to correct risky and inefficient driving behaviors and sustain driving improvements. Research shows that drivers will most often change their behavior on their own without obtain 'evidence' puts drivers on the defensive rather than requiring management intervention, freeing managers to motivating them. It's far more effective to provide tools focus on other business issues. to help your drivers proactively avoid risky behavior and crashes. Being positive requires objectivity. 8 Avoid methods that require subjective manual approaches to evaluating driving behavior. Combining objective feedback based on statistically sound quantitative analysis coupled with detailed reporting, coaching and risk analysis increases drivers' trust in the system and their willingness to self-improve. Mark Hampson Change Management Consultant GreenRoad Technology 27 From data, to information, to insight, to action "Information is a source of learning. But unless it is organized, processed, and available to the right people in a format for decision making, it is a burden, not a benefit." William Grosvenor Pollard Today's vehicle telematics technology is management spending inordinate time and energy debating the capable of delivering almost infinite amounts data instead of focusing on improvements. It also makes it difficult of data every second of every day – literally to evaluate the impact of any fleet risk management programs that terabytes of information. This information can have been put into place. Added to this, poor data increases the be used to 'influence' a broad array of strategic, problems managers are likely to have when defending insurance or operational and safety objectives associated with running personal injury claims, which can prove very costly to their business. a modern day fleet, but only if managers know how to When choosing a telematics solution, opt for one that captures organize and process the information and then put it to and transmits key performance data relating to all areas of vehicle appropriate use. use and driver behavior, enabling managers to easily track the When implementing a telematics solution, here are some 'real time' performance of their drivers. Importantly, you should of the things that you should consider. strongly consider a telematics providers whose hardware can be integrated with proven fleet risk management solutions. When the Consistent and timely recording and two are seamlessly combined, you can benefit from immediate reporting of data is crucial access to a range of operational reporting and management tools Incomplete and 'old' data can make it difficult to spot designed to help drive continuous improvements in safety and trends and patterns, and often results in drivers and operational performance. 28 insights 10 Raw data must be presented in a way managers can demonstrate their commitment to road safety that enables analysis and interpretation and lead the organization towards the creation of a 'crash free Today's telematics devices commonly provide real time data on driver culture' where road safety is recognized as business as usual. behavior including speeding, braking and acceleration, as well as Research by Interactive Driving Systems® found that "Human error vehicle use including distance traveled, engine idling, miles per gallon is a factor in over 90% of road collisions. The actions of managers and carbon dioxide emissions. However, this data is of little value and drivers are expressions of their attitude, behavior, personal unless fleet managers are able to use it to identify trends, such as the choices and the organizational systems and culture in which they increased frequency of incidents at certain times during the day, as work. Best practice initiatives must ensure that policies and well as anomalies, like why particular drivers are involved in a high processes support and encourage the creation of a 'crash free number of incidents. culture'. This approach will provide every opportunity for people Select a solution that provides meaningful insight and not just raw 'driving for work purposes' to demonstrate the correct attitude, data, and includes analytical tools that help managers and drivers make the right personal choices and behave in the safest way." identify relevant information about driver behavior and vehicle usage. You need a simple and intuitive framework for analyzing Ongoing monitoring drives the creation driver behavior and vehicle use from a number of different of a 'crash free culture' perspectives. By looking at different data elements in combination, Taking action based on the information obtained through telematics or at different subsets of the data, fleet managers can easily spot systems is not a complete solution. Managers must continue to trends and anomalies. monitor their key performance indicators down to the individual driver level. Telematics systems offer managers a real time in-vehicle Targeting improvement actions 'coach'. Without telematics systems, everyone hopes the training has where the impact will be greatest stuck and the safety policies are being followed. With telematics "It is not always what we know or analyzed before systems, managers can know instantly and in real time how safety we make a decision that makes it a great decision. and operational initiatives are specifically impacting driver behavior. It is what we do after we make the decision to implement and execute it that makes it a good decision." William Grosvenor Pollard Once particular trends and anomalies have been identified, fleet managers will have a better understanding about where and why their fleet risks are most significant, and be in a position to implement the specific improvement actions that will most improve driver safety and vehicle operating efficiency. Ed Dubens Well thought out solutions come fully integrated with a library of CEO best practice guides and training tools (for both managers and their Interactive Driving Systems® drivers). By instituting an ongoing driver development and training program customized to each driver's unique requirements, fleet 29 Beyond technology 30 insights 10 The technology behind Zurich Fleet Intelligence can be likened to 'Star Wars'. Today's vehicle telematics solutions are absolutely cutting edge – making use of satellite communication and telemetry, 'Doppler effect' calculations and tri-axial accelerometers derived from missile guidance systems. Data can also be pulled from the vehicle's own on-board computer to gather additional information on use, maintenance and economy. All of this data is fed into a state of the art SQL (Structured Query Language) language database where it is smoothed and translated. Pretty technical stuff; and it is easy to think of telematics as a 'silver bullet' that will instantly solve fleet safety issues. The irony is, after installing telematics equipment in vehicles, we typically see an immediate reduction in collision frequency. Recognizing that 'Big Brother is watching', most employees will drive with a greater sense of care and awareness. As an employer, it is easy to relax and assume 'the system is working'. However, without a robust management system that complements the technology, the improvements will be short-lived and old habits will return. One of Zurich's telematics service providers has seen many examples of successful implementation of telematics technology, and they all have a common component – an ongoing management commitment to a cultural change. 31 A leading beverage bottler combined a handling and aggressive turning. The bottler large-scale outreach approach with targeted also offered ride-alongs for drivers to ask coaching when it implemented a telematics questions about the technology and obtain solution in order to improve safety, reduce suggestions as to how to avoid specific risky fuel consumption and reduce crash costs. maneuvers. The approach allowed the In addition to the telematics equipment, bottler to realize significant improvements the bottler was provided with best practices in safety and a corresponding reduction in and a step-by-step roadmap to help costs. In the year following implementation, implement the service. Employee training the company realized an 8.8% savings in sessions explained telematics and its effect fuel and estimated that its crash costs on driver safety. This was followed by one- amounted to a combined annual savings on-one coaching sessions with at-risk drivers, of USD1,250 per vehicle. focusing on speeding, harsh braking, lane At a leading US logistics company, her very aware of the potential danger posed management realized the limitations of by a collision. The manager advised her to approaches that only look at violations, drive as though the truck was full all the crashes or near crashes after the event, time, regardless of whether it was empty or and instead wanted a comprehensive full, and the in-vehicle feedback served to driver-centric approach to assessing over coach her about the safety of her maneuvers. 120 maneuvers. Leveraging the driver-centric Within a week, her safety score dropped focus, they developed a strategy to empower from 52 (red) to 16 (green), and her safety employees to proactively make a dramatic score remains consistently in the safe driving improvement in driving safety, before a crash zone below 20. In this example we see how occurred. Managers zeroed in on a particular a focus on the driver, rather than a vehicle, unnamed driver with the highest number can address the key factor contributing to of risky maneuvers, and came up with a over 90% of all vehicle crashes and up to hypothesis: that the driver's behavior changed 33% of fuel consumption – driving behavior. depending on whether her truck was full or With an unbiased evaluation of every empty. Her manager scheduled a ride-along maneuver of every driver, fleets can engage to counsel her on the risky driving behaviors in a proactive and preventative safety and noticed that her driving did in fact program, and not just look at violations, change markedly based on her load – driving crashes or near crashes after the fact. with a truck full of combustible fuel made 32 insights 10 Management commitment, cultural change Management commitment, and employee buy-in are all key elements to cultural change and employee successful implementation of a telematics solution. Empowering employees by making buy-in are all key elements to information and self-improvement tools successful implementation of available is also critical for success, but the buy-in by employees will not happen unless a telematics solution. they see strong commitment and support from management. First and foremost, employees must see that shift, employing tools like the Driver Pledge the monitoring can specifically benefit them, and Risk Foundation. Phase three is where and it not intended to be a trigger for punitive road safety becomes 'business as usual', action. They must believe that the primary but not a time to relax. Instead, management reason for this approach is to improve the focuses on periodic reviews of safety policies safety of the drivers, and the safety of those and procedures, high-risk driver response with whom they share the road. strategies and enhancements to Safe Driver Recognition programs. The secondary benefits – lower collision costs, fuel and maintenance costs – all make for a healthier bottom line for the company. Particularly in today's difficult economic times, the financial health of the company resonates with employees at all levels, and can be a strong motivating force. The desired cultural shift does not happen overnight. In fact, Zurich Risk Engineering James Breitkreitz recommends a three-phase approach that VP Corporate Client Services can take up to three years to fully realize. Zurich Services Corporation, The first phase is a focus on road safety, Risk Engineering accompanying the implementation of telematics equipment. Driver data is collected, analyzed, and used to develop risk reduction plans – overall and with specific drivers. Phase two is the start of the cultural 33 Being green can save you green With worsening scientific findings, the pressure to act increases. Observations and simulations of global surface temperature Global mean surface temperature anomaly (ºC) 1.0 Actual – observations 0.5 – Simulations with human emissions 0.0 – Simulations without human emissions -0.5 -1.0 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 Source: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 34 insights 10 insights 10 22 mpg consumes more than 850 gallons of gasoline and dispatches 8.3 tons of CO2 into the atmosphere per day. By applying proven approaches for promoting safer driving, fleet managers can expect to see fuel savings from 8-11%. Assuming an improvement of just 7%, this same fleet will see daily fuel consumption reduced by 55 gallons and CO2 emissions reduced by 0.5 tons. Over the course of a year, assuming 200 workdays per year, this fleet would use 11,150 fewer gallons of gasoline and reduce its CO2 emissions by close to 110 tons. Moreover, an investment in a telematics- And since fuels used for transportation Using a comprehensive telematics-based based fleet management system can create account for 14% of annual greenhouse gas fleet management system to promote safer new opportunities to differentiate a emissions, improving fuel efficiency is a high driving has been shown to improve fuel business, leading to more revenue from new priority for policy makers around the world. efficiency which in turn leads to a reduction customers and more profitable relationships in CO2 emissions. Safer driving goes hand-in- with existing ones. First UK Bus, Britain's However, while new engine technologies hand with improved fuel economy since safer largest bus operator, has been recognized can deliver significant improvements in fuel drivers read the road more effectively, are for innovation surrounding its DriveGreen efficiency, the costs of converting an existing smoother in acceleration and braking, and initiative, which helped the operator fleet to new hybrid-powered vehicles, for exhibit fewer sudden or aggressive driving improve environmental efficiency and example, requires a large upfront investment actions that waste fuel. passenger comfort. The program is a public that in most cases will require years to pay affirmation of First UK Bus's commitment back. Fortunately, fleet managers have other According to the US Environmental to providing tools to help drivers achieve options that are perhaps more appropriate Protection Agency*, 19.4 pounds of CO2 are environmental goals and ultimately reduce in today's economic climate. Namely, released into the atmosphere for every gallon First UK Bus's CO2 emissions by 132,000 relatively small investments in telematics- of gasoline used in a vehicle. For diesel fuel, tons over the next three years. Ryder and based fleet management systems can save the figure is 22.2 pounds of CO2 per gallon. New York student bus company Atlantic money immediately, while also improving So a 250-vehicle fleet averaging 75 miles Express have also publicized their use of the environment. per day with an average fuel efficiency of similar systems as a competitive differentiator. *http://www.epa.gov/oms/climate/420f05001.htm 35 36 insights 10 insights 10 Insurers on telematics and fleet operators that use the technology Underwriters are often asked if the process of setting a fleet premium rate is a science or an art. In many ways, the answer is a bit of both. 37 In calculating expected claim frequency and severity, an underwriter will take into account both 'hard facts' – the material, tangible features of a risk – and 'soft features' – those less tangible, but nonetheless Profit 3% important aspects of a risk. Regardless of whether we are considering 'hard facts' or 'soft risk features,' two things are clear: Costs and expenses 12% 1. The better understanding the underwriter has of a risk, accompanied by insight into all features of the risk, the more accurate and Large and catastrophe claims 15% appropriate the premiums. 2. The insured can have significant influence over the premiums that they pay. Normal or attritional claims 70% To help illustrate this, perhaps somewhat surprising, latter statement, let's look (diagram opposite) at a sample premium construction. This is a very simplified model and within any fleet insurance portfolio the premium breakdown will certainly vary by geography, risk type, fleet size, etc. Nonetheless, it does demonstrate a key point – that is, a significant proportion of the premium is for the expected costs from both attritional (normal) and large or catastrophic claims. Consequently, investments that fleet operators and drivers make in reducing the frequency and severity of claims should have a corresponding impact on the premium charged. By identifying key risk exposures, a fleet manager can focus his/her time and resources on the exposures that are most significant, and initiate improvement actions that will produce the greatest impact. 38 insights 10 When deployed consistently, traditional fleet • It enables the underwriter to better Historic competition for business, upward risk management tools and processes, understand the insured's unique inflationary pressure on claims settlement especially those related to driver screening exposures, and assign premiums costs and increasing regulation (and the and ongoing driver development, can have according to specific characteristics costs associated with them) means that a positive impact on claims frequency and of the risk. fleet insurance often is a challenging line severity. However, driving is a dynamic of business for many insurers – achieving • The use of telematics solutions, supported activity and pinpointing the specific consistent profitability has proved to by effective risk improvement measures, circumstances when the risk of a crash is be elusive. will drive down loss rates, which benefits sharply elevated is like searching for the both the insured and the insurer. As a result, insurers are striving to proverbial needle in a haystack. With today's improve the granularity and accuracy of vehicle telematics systems and the wealth It's also clear that fleet operators investing their rate setting and to improve their risk of data that the technology can provide, in tools and processes to drive down loss assessment processes to identify the best fleet managers now have the tools to rates expect insurers to understand and quality business. dramatically improve safety as well as recognize these commitments: operating efficiency. Fleet operators that take action to manage their loss patterns and are willing to By identifying key risk exposures, a fleet • Insurers should consider the steps that provide enhanced understanding of their manager can focus his/her time and their customers are taking to improve risk to insurers, will benefit from more resources on the exposures that are most risk quality in the rating process. This favorable and sustainable premium rates significant, and initiate improvement actions results in a more pro-active approach in the future. that will produce the greatest impact. than insurers have shown previously. Conversely, customers that accept vehicle From an insurer's perspective, customers • Insurers must invest in risk engineering collisions as an inevitability of vehicles that demonstrate a commitment to applying services and capabilities to help their being on the road and consider this as advanced technology in managing their policy holders interpret and optimize something that cannot be managed will vehicle fleets naturally will be viewed the value that can be obtained from doubtless face ever increasing premiums more favorably than those that don't. telematics data. and potentially reductions in coverage From an underwriter's perspective, the down the road. implementation of a telematics-based solution offers two major advantages: Inga Beale Global Chief Underwriting Officer Zurich 39 Reveal the hidden potential of your fleet Taking the first step to safeguarding your drivers, achieving operational efficiencies, and reducing your environmental impact Here to help your world. is refreshingly straightforward – visit www.zurichfleetintelligence.com and see what Zurich Fleet Intelligence can do for your fleet's safety, operational costs and reputation. The information in this publication was compiled from sources believed to be reliable for informational purposes only. All sample policies and procedures herein should serve as a guideline, which you can use to create your own policies and procedures. We trust that you will customize these samples to reflect your own operations and believe that these samples may serve as a helpful platform for this endeavour. Any and all information contained herein is not intended to constitute legal advice and accordingly, you should consult with your own attorneys when developing programs and policies. Moreover, Zurich reminds you that this cannot be assumed to contain every acceptable safety and compliance procedure or that additional procedure might not be appropriate under the circumstances. This is also intended as a general description of certain types of services available to qualified customers. Zurich does not guarantee any particular outcome and there may be conditions on your premises or within your organization, which may not be apparent to us. You are in the best position to understand your business and your organization and to take steps to minimize risk, and we wish to assist you by providing the information and tools to help you assess your changing risk environment. Risk engineering services are provided by Zurich Services Corporation. Zurich is a trading name for companies within the Zurich Financial Services Group. Zurich is a provider of 131688A01 (10/10) ZCA insurance and related services through subsidiaries within the Zurich Financial Services Group including: In the United States: Zurich American Insurance Company, 1400 American Lane, Schaumburg, Illinois 60196 In Canada: Zurich Insurance Company Ltd, 400 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1S9 Outside the US and Canada: (i) Zurich Insurance Plc, Zurich House, Ballsbridge Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; (ii) Zurich Insurance Company, Mythenquai 2, 8002 Zürich, Switzerland; (iii) Zurich Australian Insurance Limited, 5 Blue Street, North Sydney, NSW 2060, Australia; and (iv) further legal entities, as may be required by local jurisdiction. The insurance policy is the contract that specifically and fully describes the insurance coverage provided.
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Cardinal football team takes on UCLA for the Pac-12 Championship at 5 p.m. tonight
Original post made on Nov 30, 2012
Read the full story here Web Link posted Thursday, November 29, 2012, 9:02 AM
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a resident of Country Fair
on Nov 30, 2012 at 10:57 am
Go Bruins! A Rose Bowl birth would be fantastic!
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KLJ holds hearing for West Dickinson Area study
Potential land use plans for the 6,100 acres west of Dickinson are narrowing in the months before engineering firm KLJ presents its recommendations to the city.
The second of two community hearings was held on the West Dickinson Area Plan Thursday, the last before KLJ representatives meet for a combined workshop with the city officials on Sept. 22.
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: Speculation:
Edmonton Journalist Links Oilers to Del Zotto
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Exactly. We need 1 more guy who can put the puck in the net. If he can do that 25 to 30 times, that would be great.
Say its 1, not 2.
With D being easier than scoring, who do you have in mind for 25 or 30 gs who who can be hadisn't a sexy name superstar?
I was not motivated, my detractors, by whether it was a sexy name.
I thought who are top Fs we can target, what would it take to get them, and then is there any scenario in which a horrible overpayment, but one I could still live with, might actually work.
My assumption is Edmonton won't hand those guys over for equal value, but that is enough to completely give the Oils a genuine defensive identity going forward, deals with certain G issues, gives them some offseting scoring in Boyle and a replacement prospect in Stepan.
Oilers may reject the deal, but can be argued this expedites their rebuild successfully, so they'd do it.
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Wynton plays in Branford Marsalis' new CD
On Romare Bearden Revealed, Branford Marsalis celebrates the life and works of the artist Romare Bearden. The subject of a major upcoming exhibit by the National Gallery of Art in Washington, Bearden (1911-1988) took constant inspiration and several titles for his paintings from various jazz masterpieces. Features the Branford Marsalis Quartet plus guests Harry Connick, Jr., Wynton Marsalis, Doug Wamble and the Marsalis Family band. Includes compositions by jazz legends such as Duke Ellington, James P. Johnson and Jelly Roll Morton. Buyt the CD or get more info about it on Amazon.com Keep reading »
Wynton plays in the new Irvin Mayfield's CD
The recently released Half Past Autumn Suite by 26-year-old New Orleans trumpeter Irvin Mayfield, has contributions by Wynton Marsalis and Renaissance man Gordon Parks. Wynton played as guest soloist in the tune: Blue Dawn Keep reading »
The upcoming Wynton's new album by Blue Note
In a new interview by Associated Press, Wynton, no longer under contract with Columbia, said he's writing music for a new recording for Blue Note with a quartet that will include considerable jazz improvisation. Singers Bobby McFerrin and Dianne Reeves will join the quartet on the CD for one song each, he said. Keep reading »
Wynton and the new Apple iTunes Music Store
Apple Computer Inc. on Monday unveiled a service that lets music fans download songs for 99 cents each, a package that Apple called simple and cheap enough to compete with the free song-swap sites the record industry blames for its slump. Jobs concluded the launch by playing a video in which U2 lead singer Bono, Wynton Marsalis and singer/songwriter Alanis Morissette praised Apple's new service. Songs, from 18 Wynton's album, are already available for on-line purchase on iTunes Music Store Keep reading »
Wynton plays in the new Marc O'Connnor album
"In Full Swing" is Mark O'Connor's tribute to Stephane Grappelli, the musician he describes as "my biggest violin hero." His band, the Hot Swing Trio, features bassist Jon Burr, who toured with Grappelli for years, and guitarist Frank Vignola, one of the finest American players in the Django Reinhardt tradition. The basic trio are expanded with Wynton Marsalis and vocalist Jane Monheit guest starring on three and four tracks, respectively. Wynton adds a distinctive voice to standards such as Tiger Rag as he slips and slides between classical and jazz modes. But the collaboration between the trio and… Keep reading »
The Marsalis Family band hits the road
Inspired by a New Orleans concert in August 2001 celebrating patriarch Ellis Marsalis' retirement from teaching at the University of New Orleans, a tour , a PBS special, a recording and a DVD (buy it on Amazon.com) are now in the works. The Marsalis family tour (check dates), kicks off on February 23. It features Ellis Marsalis on piano, with sons Branford on saxophones, Wynton on trumpet, Delfeayo on trombone and Jason on drums, and the only non-family member, Reginald Veal on bass. West Coast fans will have to be content with reproduced performances by this celebrated band of brothers and their… Keep reading »
The Marsalis Family record together
The Marsalis Family recorded together for the first time ever, at University of New Orleans on August 2001. Featuring Ellis on piano, and his sons Branford (saxophones), Delfeayo (trombone), Jason (drums) and Wynton (trumpet). Plus bassist Roland Guerin, and a special guest appearance by Harry Connick Jr. Track Listings: 1. Swingin' at the Haven 2. Surrey with the Fringe On Top 3. Wynton Speaks 4. Cain and Abel 5. Nostalgic Impressions 6. After 7. Sultry Serenade 8. Twelve's It 9. Harry Speaks 10. Saint James Infirmary 11. Struttin' with Some Barbecue The new album will be released on February 4, 2003 and a DVD will ship in late March. More info in our… Keep reading »
All Rise in stores now
In stores October 1, 2002, the Sony Classical release of Wynton Marsalis' 'All Rise' comes more than five years after his epic oratorio 'Blood on the Fields' won the Pulitzer Prize for Music. 'All Rise,' however, cannot be considered simply a follow-up. In fact, Marsalis first began developing the ideas behind 'All Rise' ten years ago, and viewed 'Blood on the Fields' as a step in an artistic progression that would allow him to ultimately craft his 12-movement masterpiece Wynton Marsalis's "All Rise": Ten Years In the Making Two-CD, twelve-movement jazz/orchestral piece draws on the entirety of Marsalis's diverse… Keep reading »
All Rise: Wynton's new Album due October 1st
The new CD from Wynton Marsalis, titled All Rise, is due in stores October 1st. All Rise, is an evening-length twelve-part composition that was commissioned and premiered by the New York Philharmonic with the LCJO and the Morgan State University Choir. More info and complete track list Keep reading »


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Nicole Kidman's 'Strangerland' Begins Shooting in Australia
SYDNEY – Production on upcoming Australian indie feature, Strangerland, starring Nicole Kidman, is getting underway in Sydney this week, with Joseph Fiennes replacing Guy Pearce as Kidman's husband in the film.
Pearce had to quit the film last month due to scheduling conflicts.
Filming will also take place in the outback towns of Canowindra and Broken Hill. The mystery drama tells the story of Catherine (Kidman) and Matthew Parker (Fiennes), whose relationship is pushed to the brink when their two teenage children disappear into the remote Australian desert and they are forced to confront the mystery of their children's fate. Hugo Weaving plays the policeman leading the investigation.
PHOTOS: Toronto Film Festival: Exclusive Portraits of Jason Bateman, Nicole Kidman and More
Other castmembers include Lisa Flanagan, Meyne Wyatt, Nicholas Hamilton and, in her first major acting role, model Maddison Brown.
"I am always looking for the right script to bring me home to Australia. The moment I read Strangerland I knew this was a film I couldn't say no to. I'm looking forward to working on a film in Australia, and I'm very excited to be working with Joseph Fiennes and Hugo Weaving," said Kidman.
Strangerland sees Kidman returning to her homeland to shoot her first independent feature since Dead Calm. She starred in Jonathan Teplitzky's The Railway Man last year but shot all her scenes in Scotland and Thailand.
Andrew Mackie of distributor Transmission Films said, "It is thrilling to have Nicole Kidman appearing in her first independent film to be shot here and to have such fine actors as Hugo Weaving and Joseph Fiennes also taking central roles. Attracting such an A-list cast is a testament to the film's gripping and beautifully written script, the creative vision of our director, Kim Farrant, and the passion and determination of producers Naomi Wenck and Macdara Kelleher. Transmission Films is very proud to be the domestic distributor."
STORY: The Weinstein Co. Pulls Nicole Kidman's 'Grace of Monaco' From Release Calendar
Farrant is directing her feature debut from a script by Fiona Seres and Michael Kinirons. Farrant has previously worked on the TV series Rush, and made the documentary Naked on the Inside.
The film is produced by Wenck (Dragonfly Pictures) and Kelleher (Fastnet Films). Worldview Entertainment's Christopher Woodrow, Molly Conners, Maria Cestone and Sarah E. Johnson are executive producing alongside Andrew Mackie and Richard Payten.
The film, an Australia-Ireland co-production, is being produced by Dragonfly Pictures and Fastnet Films. Worldview Entertainment is financing and executive producing with Screen Australia, Screen NSW and the Irish Film Board making investments in the film.
International sales are being handled by Wild Bunch, and Transmission Films is the Australian distributor.
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