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A must read for anyone interested in music.
It seems as if he knows that the reader is probably familiar with his music, and is trying to make us understand WHY his music is as it is, and it's a smart move.
His observations and they way he expresses himself are amazing both via his music and his writing.
Love his music, but after reading this, not sure I'd like the man. Low rating is not because I don't like the man, but because it did sound a little self-indulgent at times, and... Read morePublished 24 days ago by Sensei Oddsox
I read this book years ago and had to put it down halfway through. I love his music and though I can understand and accept that he was difficult to work with, after reading what I... Read morePublished 1 month ago by blutenist
Mingus was a great musician but not a great writer. I love his music!Published 2 months ago by Diane R. Barkin
I don't agree with this guy's lifestyle, but he told an interesting story.Published 3 months ago by Jenny
brilliant book, given to me by a writing teacher as a gift. that was a compliment. Mingus is every bit as great with words as with music. Raw, edgy, sock it to em prose. Read morePublished 7 months ago by Annie Lanzillotto author of L is for Lion
Almost five stars for one of the most protean figures (in or out of jazz) that I know of. Les PeetzPublished 9 months ago by les peetz


text:
LG's through the wall ACs are built with functionality and convenience in mind. Their universal wall sleeve fits any LG wall air conditioner and is based on the standard thru-wall AC size—so other AC brands may fit as well! LG through-the-wall air conditioner models come with remote controls, programmable timers, and adjustable airflow control. LG's Gold Fin Anti-Corrosion coating creates a protective shield around these ACs so they last longer than many other models. Check out our LG wall air conditioners to see if one is right for you.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
10 March 2011
Doric Nimrod Air One (DNA) lists on the London Stock Exchange .
Doric Nimrod Air One (DNA)
Doric Asset Finance
Westpac Banking Corporation
on wings
How do you entice UK investors that are more familiar with
investing in real estate to fund an aircraft? You tell them to
think of the aircraft as a property on wings.
December 13 2010 Doric Nimrod Air One (DNA) listed on the
London Stock Exchange raising £42.5 million ($67.5
million) to finance one A380, which will be leased to Emirates
for 12 years. With the equity taken care of,
Australia's Westpac Banking Corporation provided
the debt with a $122 million senior secured
"With this deal Doric successfully brought innovation at a
time when many others were unable even to maintain the supply
of vanilla products," says Brian Jeffery, senior
vice-president, corporate treasury,...
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Bank LTVs for a BB-rated or equivalent rated airline for 10-year secured bank debt for two new 737s, are now approximately:
16 Apr 15 - 17 Apr 15 | The Peninsula Tokyo, Tokyo
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04 Jun 15 - 05 Jun 15 | Pudong Shangri-La, Shanghai
25 Jun 15 - 26 Jun 15 | Hotel Baltschug Kempinski, Moscow
All material subject to strictly enforced copyright laws. © 2015 Euromoney Institutional Investor PLC.


text:
Minnesota expects 2nd largest corn crop in history
WORTHINGTON, Minn. (AP) — Minnesota farmers are expected to harvest their second-largest corn crop in state history.
According to this week's projections from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Minnesota's corn and soybean crops are expected to be slightly smaller than 2012, partly because fields in some places were hurt by too much spring rain, followed by a cool streak.
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All Mountain Snowboards - MensAll Mountain Snowboards at ProBoardshop are in unbelievable stock with the most affordable price listings. Unbeatable prices with fast free shipping make this store completely jaw-dropping. Save up to 40% on selected gear, but don't wait! These popular All Mountain Snowboards are shipped out just as fast as they arrive to our warehouses.
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Huge fan of any game because i see like art and hard work to made that . HC gamer love fps and games with beatiful environment , design and story. I 'm 3D artist , work at Softimage XSI and live in Macedonia - Skopje
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Arizona Coyotes
Training camp dates set for Arizona Coyotes
The Arizona Coyotes are less than a month away from camp.
The rookies report on Friday, Sept. 12 and will be on the ice the following day. The veterans will join camp the week after, when they report for physicals on Sept. 18.
On Monday, Sept. 22 they host the Los Angeles Kings to open their preseason schedule.
All practices for both rookies and full team camps will be held at Gila River Arena and are open to the public.
The Coyotes drop the puck on the regular season Thursday, Oct. 9 at home against the Winnipeg Jets.
Most Popular
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- Dave Tippett- Coyotes head coachDave Tippett says you can't get angry with failure, you just have to fix it.
- Don Maloney, Arizona Coyotes GMGM Don Maloney talks about the future of the Arizona Coyotes and Shane Doan.
- Brad May, Sportsnet NHL analystBrad May discusses the odd situation of Buffalo and Arizona battling for the worst record.
- Dave Tippett- Coyotes head coachDave Tippett says neither team was trying to lose last night in Buffalo.
- Jeremy White- WGR 550 Morning Show HostJeremy White describes the atmosphere in Buffalo when the Yotes came to town.


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Obama Attempts To Change Public Opinion On Gun
Alas, public opinion is of no consequence, Barry, when the Right to own a weapon is enshrined in that pesky constitution thing. But, yapping is what Obama does best
(Washington Post) The White House is working with its allies on a well-financed campaign in Washington and around the country to shift public opinion toward stricter gun laws and provide political cover to lawmakers who end up voting for an assault-weapons ban or other restrictions on firearms.
With President Obama preparing to push a legislative agenda aimed at curbing the nation's gun violence, pillars of his political network, along with independent groups, are raising millions of dollars and mapping out strategies in an attempt to shepherd new regulations through Congress.
I do find it interesting that Obama has railed against outside groups and their influence on government. And what these groups, and Obama, will attempt to do will be to come up with all sorts of scary stories as well as methods for demonizing anyone who stands in the way of what they deem "sensible gun control measures".
Along the way, there will be all sorts of fundraisers and "spreading awareness" campaigns, along with attempts to intimidate legal gun owners, like the way the Journal News and Gawker attempted with their release of information about legal gun owners (which really put criminals in the drivers seat).
Then you have the possibility of Obama using executive orders to ram through his people-control, er, gun control agenda
Biden's comments sparked an immediate and sharp backlash from Republicans. "The Founding Fathers never envisioned Executive Orders being used to restrict our Constitutional rights," Rep. Jeff Duncan (S.C.) said in a statement. "We live in a republic, not a dictatorship."
Not in Obama and Liberal World. Progressives are fascists, and love that Big Government dictatorial style.
Some of the groups plan to use television and newspaper advertisements to paint laws restricting guns as a mainstream, common-sense idea. Some advocates have also stopped calling their efforts "gun control," preferring "gun-violence prevention" instead.
Yet, the majority of the proposed ideas and legislation is really aimed at law abiding citizens. Some lefties ask "why do you need a 19 round clip for your handgun? 10 should be enough" to which I'd reply "why do you need a 50 inch TV? Wouldn't a 37 be fine?" Alternatively, I could go with "why? What's it to you? Mind your own business."
If Democrats were serious, they would be looking at solutions to protect people from criminals, and go after criminals. Make punishments harsh. Corporal punishment and hard labor would help. Instead, they want to make it harder for good citizens to have a gun for protection.
Crossed at Pirate's Cove. Follow me on Twitter @WilliamTeach.
Also see...
It took a lot of guts to do what this young man did. They also offered him 20k in hush money. Fabulous. The proof in my opinion here is that...Read More
William Teach
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Welcome to East Germany on the Potomac
Newsweek, owned by the Washington Post, famously screamed on a cover story early last year that "We Are All Socialists Now." In contrast, the conservative Hot Air blog recently noted the correlation between the leviathan socialist state virtually all Beltway journalists begged for when they endorsed Obama in 2008, and the state of journalism itself. You wanted East Germany on the Potomac, MSM? The paranoia over who leaked faux-conservative Dave Weigel's incendiary emails on the Journolist goes hand in that hand with that big of a government
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One reason Comrade Obama and the ultra-left leadership in Congress have shown such open contempt for the consequences their extreme


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Down to a choice of 4 -- advice please
Ok, I've spent days browsing the net for Rhodo pictures and information and think I have picked 4. I would like your thoughts since I am way new to Rhodo's (have one chinoides not doing well I think because it is in too deep a shade).
I want to mass some rhodo's under a Hawthorn grove in my back yard. Since the canopy of the hawthorns is low I'd like to keep to the smaller rhodo's say 3feet in size. I live in Zone 5 (between London and Toronto) and they will be in an exposed country yard although tucked among the trees.
My picks were:
Thunder to be massed with Northern Starburst (2 -3 of one and 3-5 of other) Would these look good together, give enough contract (the colour pics on the net have a huge array of colour). I think in my area both will bloom while the leaves are still burgundy and around the same time as the daffodils are blooming?
A mass of scintillation -- I get the impression this one will have green leaves in my area?
A specimen of Weston's Aglo. It looks so nice & open in an arching way I thought it would look nice alone.
If these would not provide nice contrast what would you suggest as a replacement for any / one of these?
by the way, here is where they will go:
Thanks very much
Scintillation is not short and not as hardy. It will sunburn if it has too much sun. You probably don't want it.
 Besse Howells: could replace Scintillation. 3'. -20F, dense habit.
You have good plants with the Weston plants.
 Thunder: 3' tall in ten years, dense habit, hardy to -20F, blooms before mid season.
 Northern Starburst: 3' tall in ten years, dense habit, hardy to -25F, blooms early (may get niped with late frost)
 Weston's Aglo: 3' tall in ten years, open habit, hardy to -25F, blooms before mid season.
Aglo has open habit. A plant with dense compact habit is:
 Hudson Bay: a white. 3', -20F, dense habit, blooms before mid season.
Two other good and shorter plants are:
 Purple Gem is only 2' tall in 10 years, has dense habit and are hardy -20F.
 Ramapo is only 2' tall in 10 years, has dense habit and are hardy -25F.
Two great low plants that bloom before midseason.
thanks rhodyman I'll look into Besse Howells and see if I can get it in my area. I like the idea of 3' as this is set back at the far back of my property.
bboy I was also planning on adding some fothergilla gardenii, mountain laurel, oregon grape holly and sweetspire in this area. Hopefully this will be a good combination.
Thanks again
re Aglo, it does have VERY open habit, almost see-thru.
If that is what you want, than is fine.
If not, you may 'improve' it by slightly pruning it (in order to promote branching) at the young (in a first 2-4 years) age. Left to its own, it will look 'empty' in a 10 years, IMO.
I ditto Rhodyman's suggestion of Besse Howells.


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Dr. Armaghan Kimbell, DO
Urgent Care Medicine
- 14416 W Meeker Blvd Ste 201
Sun City West, AZ 85375
- 2 Locations
- (623) 876-3870
Dr. Armaghan Kimbell graduated from the Midwestern University/ Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine in 1996. She works in Sun City West, AZ and 1 other location and specializes in Urgent Care Medicine. Dr. Kimbell is affiliated with Banner Boswell Medical Center and Banner Del E Webb Medical Center. She speaks English and Spanish.
Gender: Female
Languages Spoken: English, Spanish
Urgent Care Medicine
Medical School: Midwestern University/ Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine; Graduated 1996
*This physician has multiple office locations. See Office Information for details.


text:
OP Junior Member
Quezon City
Thanks Meter: 3
28 posts
Join Date:Joined: Oct 2012
I have a nexus 7 (the first one) and I have used it for the longest time I can remember.
Recently, while I was in the hospital, a nurse dropped it and bam, the screen shattered. The touchscreen works but the glass is gone.
I can use the bottom left corner of the screen but about 60% of the upper screen is non-responsive to touch thanks to the glass. I have a lot of photos, memos, etc, on the nexus that I would like to recover but thanks to the notorious problem of the MTP not being detectable, I simply cannot extract any of the valuable data. I used to use wifi transfer but since I cannot connect to wifi (Upper part of screen is non-responsive), I simply cannot transfer any data either.
I have tried to look for replacement glass panels but here in Korea, it seems nobody really uses Nexus' brand devices and I simply could not find an Asus center that could fix this.
Is there any other method that I can use to extract the data? Seems recovery is useless because I am simply shown a "No Command" with a dead android on top whenever I try. I would love to simply let my tablet die in peace but the memories on this device is simply too valuable to give up on. Any method is welcome.


text: Publications Search Results Users may wish to consult What's Included in the Bibliography. Results 1 - 1 Results per page: 25 50 100 Sort by: Pub Date (newest) Title Recent Additions Author Clear All Pub. Year Citation 1988 Steffensmeier, Darrell J., Allan, Emilie Andersen . Sex disparities in arrests by residence, race, and age: An assessment of the gender convergence/crime hypothesis. Justice Quarterly. 5, (1), 53-80. Full Text Options: DOI Worldcat Google Scholar Export Options: RIS EndNote XML [1]


text:
American Idol 2014 Eliminated Ben Briley In March 13th Show Tonight
American Idol 2014 eliminated Ben Briley in March 13th show tonight. Tonight's elimination show, started off with another awful group performance from the remaining contestants. From there, Ryan introduced the judges and showed recap footage from last night's performances before letting everyone know that Caleb Johnson, CJ Harris, and Dexter Roberts were all safe tonight, guaranteeing them a place on the American Idol concert tour.
After a break, judge, Harry Connick Jr. sang "One Fine Thing" and "Stand By Me." After another break, they continued the Harry Connick Jr. Shenanigans by bringing Munfarid back for a visit. Harry picked him up while Munfarid sang a little something. After that annoying segment, Ryan let everyone know that Malaya Watson and MK Nobilette were safe tonight, and that poor Ben Briley and Majesty Rose landed in the bottom 3 this week.
After a break, Jennifer Lawrence brought on artist, Mali Music, to sing his song, labeled "Beautiful." Next, Ryan revealed that Jessica Meuse,Alex Preston, and Jena Irene were all safe tonight, and that poor Sam Woolf fell into the bottom 3. After a final break, Ryan revealed that Sam was safe, leaving Majesty and Ben as the final 2.
Then Ryan quickly revealed that Ben did indeed get the least amount of votes this week, so he had to sing for the judges one and only "save." Unfortunately for Ben, the judges stayed consistent, and refused to use the "save," so Ben had to permanently get lost. Stay tuned. Follow us on Facebook by Clicking Here. Follow us on Google Plus by Clicking Here. Follow us on Twitter by Clicking Here.Did You Enjoy this Post? Subscribe to Hollywood Hills on Facebook, Twitter, & Email
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Spend time with family and friends exploring the Arboretum's 92-acre lush and colorful gardens. Discover your favorite garden spaces and learn from 12,000 labeled plants, trees and flowers. Sign up for some of the more than 100 classes, educational tours and lectures offered in spring and fall, catering to visitors of all ages. An ever-changing color palette in every season keeps your senses focused on nature. See the forest from a new perspective from 50 feet up in the treetops on the Out on a Limb canopy walk, part of the Arboretum-wide interactive Tree Adventure exhibit. Enjoy events all year long. There's so much to experience at Morris Arboretum!
Please note, visitors are not allowed to climb or sit on the limbs of trees. The Arboretum is home to a number of champion trees, some of which are very old. With 130,000 visitors annually, climbing becomes a safety issue for both children and the trees. We don't want any visitors or trees to break a limb. Thank you!
We ask that you be respectful of the garden, including:
The Arboretum property includes some hilly terrain. There is an ADA-approved paved walking path with less than 5% grade and benches strategically situated throughout the garden, but walking the Arboretum could prove challenging to those not in good health. We have two wheelchairs to lend out on a first-come, first-served basis, but we recommend you bring whatever accommodations are needed for the infirm and small children. The majority of the garden, including the Out on a Limb exhibit, is accessible from the paved pathways. We have wheelchair accessible restrooms in the Visitor Center. The seasonal dining facilities are also wheelchair accessible.
Guided golf cart tours for people with physical disabilities are offered with limited availability, and must be scheduled in advance. Although we will try to honor every request, two weeks notice is recommended. Please call 215.247.5777 X157 to make reservations.
In our efforts to provide an accessible and barrier-free visitor experience, we welcome your suggestions and observations. Please contact: firstname.lastname@example.com
Family memberships pay for themselves in just 3 visits!Join Today!
For the safety of our visitors and to preserve the structural integrity of our tree collection, climbing or sitting on the limbs of trees is not permitted. Thank you!
The Arboretum is open as usual today 10:00am - 4:00pm. Please use extra caution on pathways as some ice may persist.
Please note that winter weather conditions can change quickly, check back or call (215) 247-5777 before heading out for a visit.
Weather conditions may limit garden access to certain features even if the garden is open – please check the web site or call (215) 247-5777 for updates before visiting. Our visitors' safety in the garden is our top priority. Therefore when inclement weather is predicted, we will make decisions about closing the garden accordingly.


text:
The unbeaten West Coast Fever have beaten the Adelaide Thunderbirds 55-50 in the trans-Tasman netball league. ... Full story
The unbeaten West Coast Fever have beaten the Adelaide Thunder... Full Story
Silver Ferns coach Waimarama Taumaunu says the new trans-Tasman league format is providing more court time for NZ's younger netballers. Full Story
Competition leaders West Coast Fever and NSW Swifts played out... Full Story
A final quarter blitz has earned Northern Mystics a 49-44 win ... Full Story
An up-tempo opening quarter set up Waikato-Bay of Plenty Magic... Full Story
An upset win over Melbourne Vixens has given Adelaide Thunderb... Full Story
Central Pulse finally picked up their first trans-Tasman netball league win of the season with a 48-41 vict... Full Story
Melbourne Vixens continued their unbeaten trans-Tasman netball league run with a 51-48 win over Waikato-Bay of Plenty Magic in Tauranga. Full Story
A late fightback from the Adelaide Thunderbirds has seen their... Full Story
NSW Swifts have come from seven goals down to force a 47-47 h... Full Story
The West Coast Fever aren't afraid of dreaming of an ANZ Championship finals appearance after winning their... Full Story
NSW Swifts piled on the final-quarter pressure to defeat Waika... Full Story
West Coast Fever have beaten Northern Mystics in the trans-Tas... Full Story
Mystics v Pulse
Swifts v Fever
Magic v Tactix
Thunderbirds v Vixens
Steel v Swifts
1:50 PM - Thu, 26 Mar 2015
Athletes can't help but become role models to children, but Bill Woods asks: is the NRL being responsible enough or is the 'brand' too important?
Read Full Post
Tell us what you think
3:00 PM - Wed, 18 Mar 2015
As the Cricket World Cup moves into the knockout rounds, Bill Woods can't help but wonder if the format is hurting interest in one-day internationals.
3:00 PM - Thu, 12 Mar 2015
Orright. Time the boys give it a hunner percent, moving forward. Youse trained hard for this idiot's guide to the 2015 NRL season so leave nuffin out there.
3:50 PM - Thu, 19 Feb 2015
Rugby league's brand new world of putting the game on a global path might not be paved with gold after all, writes Bill Woods
9:08 AM - Tue, 10 Feb 2015
Some are prepared to write off basketball as a dying sport in Australia, but Bill Woods believes the game has a bright future.
5:31 PM - Fri, 05 Dec 2014
The demise of the historic Holden/Ford rivalry marks the arrival of a new, more exciting and more sustainable model for the championship, writes Bill Woods
11:33 AM - Tue, 18 Nov 2014
Champion of underprivileged sports Bill Woods finds something to love about games that struggle to win our attention
3:00 PM - Wed, 05 Nov 2014
The Wanderers' Champions League victory is one more great moment in the history of Australian football and there will be more to come, writes Bill Woods


text: ""; ?> Keiichi Suzuki guitar chords, guitar tabs and lyrics - chordie guitar tabs, guitar chords and lyrics Artists Songs Public booksPublic My songbookSongbook ResourcesDiv Forum Browse artists: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z # -first letter-A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z # All songs - change Chordie needs editors! Improve this page Keiichi Suzuki MusicKeiichi Suzuki Songs There was no article about Keiichi Suzuki in Wikipedia. If you know anything about Keiichi Suzuki, please contribute to the free encyclopedia by writing an article. Keiichi Suzuki Earthbound Buy Somethin Will Ya (1) play their songs - buy their music - support the artists copyright © 2011 chordie guitar chords 5 popular songs I Don't Want To Talk About It Rod Stewart Summer In The City Lovin' Spoonful Who'll Stop The Rain Creedence Clearwater Revival Bad Moon Risin Ccr Southern Cross Crosby Stills Nash


text:
New Explosions in the Sky Song
Sounds like an explosion in the sky song...
a really short song but it was ok
sounds like an explosions in the sky song...
Not in the mood to put in e-mail address for it.
like song an sky explosions the sounds in
That's like in Beavis and Butthead Do America when Robert Stack's character tells his partner not to end a sentence with a preposition.
Sounds like they're trying really hard to escape ...Cold Dead Place.
ohhhh shiiiiiiiiiiiiiit
Not bad.
It's not Jordan Knight but it will do.
not impressed
band are overrated as hell anyway
Digging: Nightwish - Endless Forms Most Beautiful
Earth is not a cold dead place is brilliant
but you can only recreate a formula so many times...
You mean once?
Eh, the song is fun. I find it enjoyable, if less than pants-shittingly unforgettable.
I like it too, and I'll probably download the album, but it'll probably be too in between Cold Dead
Place and not-Cold Dead Place.
meh...not really digging it and i've loved just about everything else they've done...
ulkj hasfgioaewrh why wont these assholes just play Sasquatch 2011?
Digging: RATKING - 700 Fill
Seems the same case when Sigur Ros released their last album and featured 'Gobbledigook'. Kinda short, faster pace. Only this one isn't catchy.
Seems like EITS, but kinda misses the "GENIUS!!!11" it had in the previous records. Not a bad track, but pretty below their average stuff imho
I listened to So Long, Lonesome, in the car as I was driving home late tonight. I live in the middle of nowhere, kind of... So, it's dark and I was alone on the roads for awhile. I turned my lights on low, drove with it on full blast with the windows down as it was snowing... Sort of unreal.
I also know how to play Your Hand in Mine on the piano... I'm kinda an EITS fan.
But, I'm not sure if this album will feel like too much of the same for me. We'll have to see.
Digging: Swans - Soundtracks for the Blind
I quite enjoyed that. It was just new enough for me. I liked the faster pace.
I liked All Of A Sudden more than Cold Dead Place, but this still rules.
Direct stream.
Liking this style more than their older albums.
I bet it sounds like the same damn thing as always
Pretty boring.
Not a fan of the vocals but the rest of the song is good. The style is familiar but the pace is nothing like before.
Ha, I love how the vinyl box can be turned into a house. That alone is worth the purchase.
Song's alright.
just when you thought this band couldn't get any more derivative
"Not a fan of the vocals but the rest of the song is good. The style is familiar but the pace is nothing like before."
I'm confused by this comment.
Also thought it was boring.
I didn't think it was boring... It just sounded like a more refined version of EITS, which is nice.
But, again, I am a fan of these guys, I couldn't really dislike them unless an album was an exact and utter repeat of a previous effort.
not a bad song .
Nice song.
pretty average
Digging: Jeff Rosenstock - We Cool?
• Slint guitarist survives suicide ..• Tool + Mastodon supergroup• Scarlett Johansson forms band• Muse unleash new single• Nickelback get groovy • New Godspeed You! Black Emperor a..• New Muse song• Steven Wilson premieres new tune• New Incubus Song• Kendrick Lamar unveils new single
• Lost Salt Blood Purges streams Vo..• Nils Frahm issues out demos• Sickening Horror stream new LP• Flower Jesus drop new song• Portico stream new album• Arcturus post new song• John Renbourn passes away• The U.S. hates Bieber, Nickelback• Alesana release new song• Bjork releases free live album• Weedeater stream new tune• Soul Grip stream debut LP• I The Mighty drop new single• Devendorf and Seim team up• L'Orange releases music video» see all news
Bands: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z


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Funding Statement: This supplement is developed from the content presented during a symposium held at the 52nd Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Headache Society®.
Pathophysiology of Chronic Migraine and Mode of Action of Preventive Medications
Article first published online: 19 JUL 2011
DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2011.01955.x
© 2011 American Headache Society
Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain
Special Issue: Decoding Chronic Migraine: Translating Clinical Trial Data Into Optimal Outcomes With Novel Therapies
Volume 51, Issue Supplement s2, pages 84–92, July/August 2011
Additional Information
How to Cite
Mathew, N. T. (2011), Pathophysiology of Chronic Migraine and Mode of Action of Preventive Medications. Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain, 51: 84–92. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2011.01955.x
Jointly sponsored by the Annenberg Center for Health Sciences and CogniMed Inc.
This activity is supported by an independent educational grant provided by Allergan, Inc.
Conflict of Interest: Ninan T. Mathew, MD, FRCPC, has received research support from Allergan, Inc.; ENDO; GlaxoSmithKline; Merck & Co., Inc.; and Pfizer Inc. He serves on the speakers bureaus of ENDO; GlaxoSmithKline; and Merck & Co., Inc.
Publication History
- Issue published online: 19 JUL 2011
- Article first published online: 19 JUL 2011
- Accepted for publication March 14, 2011.
- Abstract
- Article
- References
- Cited By
- chronic migraine;
- pathophysiology;
- preventive medicine
- Top of page
- Abstract
(Headache 2011;51;S2:84-92)
Evidence has accumulated in recent years indicating structural, physiologic, and biochemical alterations in the brain of patients with chronic migraine (CM). Altered pharmacologic responses to opioids and other analgesics have also been reported. Structural or morphologic changes include reduced cortical gray matter of the pain processing areas of the brain and iron accumulation in the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG), red nucleus, and basal ganglia structures. These changes correlate with the duration of migraine disorder and, therefore, are more marked in CM compared to episodic migraine (EM). A dysmodulation of trigeminovascular nociception resulting from changes in PAG may be an important factor in the pathophysiology of CM.
Even though the pathophysiology and significance of subcortical white matter lesions and infarct like cerebellar lesions are not fully understood, their occurrence in patients with frequent migraine is further evidence of structural alterations in the brain in CM.
Physiologic changes in CM are altered brain metabolism, excitability, and central sensitization of nociceptive pathways. CM is associated with alterations in the brain metabolism confirmed by positron emission tomography (PET) studies. Of special interest is the reversible hypometabolism in the insula, thalamus, anterior cingulate, and parietal lobe and sustained hypometabolism in the orbitofrontal cortex in medication overuse headache. Cortical excitability is increased in CM compared to EM, as confirmed by magnetic suppression of visual accuracy.
Cutaneous allodynia, which is more often seen in CM, is a marker of central sensitization. Central sensitization generates free radicals that damage PAG. Cutaneous allodynia is correlated with frequency of migraine attacks and duration of migraine illness. Chronically sensitized central nociceptive neurons may account for CM and its resistance to treatment.
Alterations in central glutamate neurotransmission have been reported in the anterior cingulate and insula using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Medications affecting central glutamatergic neurotransmission may have a potential therapeutic role in CM.
Frequent use of opioids and analgesics in EM leads to CM. Opioid-induced hyperalgesia, recognized in recent years, can lead to intractability of migraine. Better understanding of the pathophysiology of CM should lead to better ways to treat these patients.
The various effective preventive agents used in migraine prophylaxis, such as topiramate, valproate, β-blockers, and tricyclic antidepressants, appear to have a common effect of suppressing cortical excitability (cortical spreading depression). Suppression of cortical spreading depression by these agents is correlated with the dosages and the duration of treatment. The beneficial effect of botulinum toxin in CM may be due to its antinociceptive effect. Changes in the glutamate and calcitonin gene-related peptide at the peripheral nerve endings reduce peripheral sensitization, which eventually leads to reduced central sensitization.
Although it is possible that cases of patients with chronic migraine (CM) had been described previously, when the concept of transformed migraine, or CM, was first described 30 years ago, the changes that occur in the brain and the pathophysiology were unknown.1,2 Research in the last 15 years has greatly improved our understanding of the pathophysiology of CM and contributed to the advancement of prophylactic therapy.3
Accumulating evidence suggests that structural, functional, and pharmacologic changes occur in the brains of patients with chronic, progressive migraine headaches.3 Structural changes observed are periaqueductal gray (PAG) matter changes; iron deposition in certain areas of the brain, especially PAG matter; and the development of subcortical white matter lesions and cerebellar infarct-like lesions.4-6 Functional changes studied include focal changes in brain metabolism, hyperexcitability of the cortex, and central sensitization.3 Pharmacologic changes also were found to occur: changes in excitatory amino acid levels and ratios in certain areas of the brain – particularly the anterior cingulate gyrus and insula – and paradoxical responses to opioids.
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- Abstract
Valfrè et al used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and voxel-based morphometry to compare the brains of 27 right-handed migraineurs and 27 healthy control subjects.7 Compared with control subjects, the migraineurs had significantly decreased areas of gray matter in several brain regions involved in pain processing: the right superior temporal gyrus, right transverse temporal gyrus, right parietal operculum, right inferior frontal gyrus, and left precentral gyrus. In comparing the brains of patients who had CM (n = 11) with those of patients who had episodic migraine (EM; n = 16), Valfrè et al found that CM patients had significant gray matter reductions in the left and right anterior cingulate; left amygdala; left parietal operculum; left middle, left inferior, and right inferior frontal gyrus; and left and right insular lobe. In addition, the investigators noted a significant positive association between gray matter reductions in the anterior cingulate cortex and migraine attack frequency.
Although not specifically focusing on a CM population, but rather more generally on a migraine population, using a 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner and voxel-based morphometry, Rocca et al compared the gray matter of 16 migraine patients with T2-visible lesions and that of 15 healthy control subjects; patients with migraine had a mean number of T2-visible lesions of 26.9, and the control patients had normal brain scans with no lesions.8 Results showed significantly reduced gray matter density in the brains of the migraineurs, particularly in the cortex of the frontal and temporal lobes bilaterally. The decreased gray matter density was strongly associated with age, disease duration, and T2-visible lesion load. Rocca et al also found increased PAG matter density in the brains of the migraineurs.
Kim and colleagues sought to generalize Rocca et al's findings concerning gray matter changes in the brains of migraineurs who had T2-visible white matter lesions to migraine patients as a whole.4 Kim et al used voxel-based morphometry to contrast the gray matter volume of 20 patients with EM and 33 healthy controls. The patients with EM had significant reductions in gray matter volume in several regions of the brain: bilateral insula, bilateral motor/premotor cortex, bilateral prefrontal cortex, left dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, right dorsal posterior cingulate cortex, right inferior and superior parietal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and visual cortex. Progressive decreases in gray matter volume were noted with increasing migraine attack duration and increasing attack frequency, suggesting that repeated migraine attacks may produce atrophic changes in the pain-processing regions of the brain.
Increased iron deposition is another structural change detected in the brains of migraineurs (Fig. 1).5 Using high-resolution MRI, Welch et al examined the PAG matter, red nucleus, and substantia nigra of patients with EM (n = 17), patients with chronic daily headache (CDH; n = 17), and control subjects (n = 17), comparing the amount of tissue iron present as determined by mapping transverse relaxation rates R2, R2*, and R2′.5 The PAG matter exhibited increased tissue iron levels in the patients with CDH and EM compared with control subjects, and the accumulation of iron correlated positively with the duration of illness (Fig. 1). No differences in iron concentrations were detected between migraine with and without aura. These investigators also speculated that the increased R2′ values in the EM and CDH groups indicated impaired iron homeostasis related to neuronal damage or dysfunction caused by repeated headache attacks.
A 2008 population study further corroborated and extended Welch et al's findings.9 Kruit and colleagues demonstrated that iron deposition was significantly increased in the red nucleus, putamen, and globus pallidus of migraine patients younger than age 50 years compared with control subjects. Among the migraineurs in this age group, iron concentrations (as reflected by reduced T2 values) were significantly higher in those with a longer history of migraine.
Functional MRI shows persistent activation and hyperoxia in the substantia nigra and red nucleus, implicated in nociception and autonomic dysfunction.10 The increased accumulation of iron in the antinociceptive network of migraineurs may have a role in chronification to CM or may be a physiologic response to repeated activation of nuclei involved in central pain processing.9
In recent years, community-based epidemiologic MRI studies of patients with migraine have helped to elucidate these issues, particularly those conducted in the Netherlands. In a population-based study in Reykjavik, Iceland, migraineurs (n = 4689; 57% women) were followed from 1967, examined, and interviewed about migraine symptoms 25 to 30 years later (mean age, 51 years; range, 33 to 65 years).11 At about 10 years, participants reporting one or more headaches per month were asked about nausea, unilateral location, photophobia, visual disturbance, and numbness. Then, between 2002 and 2006, high-resolution, thin-slice (1.5-mm) MRI scans showed infarct-like lesions in 39.3% of men and 24.6% of women. After adjusting for age, sex, and follow-up time, subjects with migraine with aura (n = 361) had an increased risk of late-life infarct-like lesions compared with those not reporting one or more headaches per month (n = 3243; adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-1.8). Cerebellar lesions were associated with female sex (prevalence of infarcts: 23.0% for women with migraine with aura vs 14.5% for women not reporting headaches [adjusted OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.4-2.6] and 19.3% for men with migraine with aura vs 21.3% for men not reporting headaches [adjusted OR, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.6-1.8]; P < .04 for interaction by sex). Migraine without aura and non-migraine headache were not associated with an increased risk of cerebellar infarct-like lesions, whereas migraine with aura in midlife was associated with late-life prevalence.
The release of metallic proteinases during cortical spreading depression (CSD) has been proposed as a cause of blood–brain barrier alterations in subcortical structures, in turn increasing white matter lesions.3,12,13 White matter lesions may be thought to be manifestations of infarcts. Radiologists may interpret white matter lesions to indicate multiple strokes or multiple sclerosis, but physicians should reassure migraine patients that white matter lesions are a common pathophysiologic feature in CM.3 However, white matter lesions in a migraine patient may rarely indicate underlying CADASIL (cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy), MELAS (mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes), or central nervous system vasculitis.14 Therefore, it is important for headache physicians to be able to distinguish between nonspecific and disease-specific white matter lesions in migraine sufferers, particularly because the long-term consequences and pathophysiology of these nonspecific white matter lesions are unknown and may cause uncertainty for physicians and anxiety for patients.14,15
While differential diagnosis may be extensive, white matter lesions should be understood within the context of family history, history of viral infection, metabolic factors, cardiovascular risk factors, and physical examination.15,16 (For more details about differential diagnosis of multifocal white matter abnormalities, please see table 1 of Gladstone et al.15)
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- Abstract
The brains of patients who have CM exhibit metabolic changes, evidence of hyperexcitability of the central nervous system, and central sensitization. Fumal et al used positron emission tomography (PET) scans to compare glucose metabolism in the brains of 16 chronic migraineurs who overused medications and 68 control subjects.17 The patients with CM who overused combination analgesics had more pronounced hypometabolism in the orbitofrontal cortex than did patients who overused single-compound non-narcotic analgesics. There is evidence to suggest the orbitofrontal cortex plays an important role in aspects of addictive behavior.
Using transcranial magnetic stimulation indexes of cortical excitability, Aurora et al demonstrated that magnetic suppression of perceptual accuracy was significantly diminished in 25 patients with CM compared with patients with EM and control subjects, indicating increased cortical excitability.18 The investigators also performed PET scan studies in a subset of 10 of the patients with CM and found increased metabolism in the pons and right temporal cortex compared to global cerebral metabolism. Areas of decreased metabolism were found in the medial frontal, parietal, and somatosensory cortices and in the bilateral caudate nuclei. The activation and inhibition of certain brainstem areas suggest that cortical excitability is raised in patients with CM. The investigators concluded that high cortical excitability may cause CM patients to be unusually susceptible to migraine triggers and explain the high frequency of migraine attacks.
Central sensitization is a clinical phenomenon familiar to headache specialists3 (Fig. 2). During a migraine attack, peripheral sensitization occurs; the trigeminal nerve and the blood vessels supplied by them are sensitized, resulting in throbbing pain that is aggravated by walking, bending over, headshaking, coughing, or other routine movements or activities.3,19 This stage of a migraine is termed first-order neuron sensitization.3Second-order neuron sensitization occurs when sensitization spreads to the second-order trigeminovascular neurons in the spinal trigeminal nucleus, causing scalp hypersensitivity, or cutaneous allodynia.19 When sensitization spreads to the thalamus, the result is generalized third-order neuron sensitization, which causes extracephalic hypersensitivity (ie, allodynia of the trunk and/or limbs).3,19 Allodynia is therefore the clinical expression of second- and third-order neuron sensitization and a sign of migraine progression.20
Research has shown that allodynia symptoms occur with greater frequency in patients who have a long history of CM.20 Allodynia is correlated with not only the duration of migraine illness but also the frequency of migraine attacks. In a study by Mathew et al, the percentage of migraine patients who had allodynia was 33% among those who had 1 to 4 migraine attacks per month but 58% among those who had more than 8 attacks. Ashkenazi and colleagues found that 43% of 89 patients with CM had mechanical (brush) allodynia, even between headache exacerbations.21 Therefore, allodynia, which occurs more commonly than vomiting in migraine patients, is a useful diagnostic symptom.20
That allodynia may lead to triptan failure is not a view shared by all: Schoenen et al have suggested there is a complex relationship between headache intensity, allodynia, and treatment outcome.22
Migraine headache may be treated effectively with triptans administered soon after the onset of a migraine attack, before allodynia becomes established.19 Migraine patients who do not have allodynia, however, can obtain effective pain relief by taking triptans at any point during an attack.
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- Abstract
Alterations in Glutamate Transmission in Migraine.— Brains of patients with migraine differ pharmacologically from those of non-migraine sufferers. Evidence suggests that some of those differences pertain to the glutamate ratios in various areas of the brain.3 The use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy to compare the interictal brain chemistry of 10 patients with migraine and 8 control subjects revealed distinct groups, distinguished by N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAAG) to glutamine ratio in the anterior cingulate cortex and insula of the migraineurs.23
Medication Overuse and Migraine Chronification.— Bigal and Lipton analyzed the results of various clinic- and population-based studies of medication use by patients with CDH to assess the association with migraine chronification.24 Among the investigators' findings were that patients who took barbiturates on more than 5 days per month were at greater risk for chronification from EM to CM and that risk was higher for women. Patients who took opioids on more than 8 days per month were at greater risk for headache chronification, and that risk was higher for men. Further, triptans caused migraine progression in patients who had frequent migraines (ie, headache 10 to 14 days per month). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were protective against chronification to CM, but only in patients who had fewer than 10 headaches per month.
Opioid-induced hyperalgesia, a paradoxical increase in pain sensitivity in response to opioids, is clinically relevant in CM.25 Opioid-induced hyperalgesia may account for declining levels of analgesia or worsening of pain in patients taking opioids. Headache specialists commonly encounter patients who report increasingly severe headaches despite taking as many as 15 tablets of hydrocodone/acetaminophen per day.3 Such patients may have opioid-induced hyperalgesia, which can occur even after brief exposure to opioids.26
Furthermore, based on the premise that supporting glia, their receptors, and their secreted mediators may play an important role in neuronal function regulation and so may contribute to migraine,27 Watkins and others have posited a mechanism whereby chronic morphine exposure may modulate glial function, suggesting that the clinical efficacy of opiates for pain control is limited by analgesic tolerance and hyperalgesia.28
A recent study pointed to common cellular mechanisms of opioid-induced desensitization and sensitization mediated through activation of the central glutamatergic system.29 Opioid tolerance and opioid-induced hyperalgesia are distinct pharmacologic phenomena, but over time, each results in decreased effectiveness of a given opioid dose, leading to dose escalation.25 In opioid-induced hyperalgesia, patients experience pain or increased sensitivity to pain even when serum opioid levels are low. Even at baseline (before the start of the opioid infusion), their pain tolerance is decreased compared to that of opioid-naive patients. In opioid tolerance, the administered dose is no longer effective and the dose must be increased to get the same effect. This reflects desensitization of patients' antinociceptive pathways from chronic use of opioid medications; no change in pain sensitivity occurs at baseline.
How Migraine Medications Work.— Five medications commonly used in migraine prophylaxis – topiramate, valproate, propranolol, amitriptyline, and methysergide – have a common mechanism of action.30 Chronic administration of these 5 migraine preventive medications, but not the control L-propranolol, has been shown to reduce CSD in rats, suggesting that suppression of CSD is a common mechanism of action for migraine preventive medications. Ayata et al tested the hypothesis that all of these medications suppress CSD, implicated in migraine attacks. The investigators administered various doses of each of the 5 medications to male Sprague–Dawley rats. Prophylactic efficacy of the 5 medications positively correlated with duration of treatment. Chronic treatment with each of the 5 medications almost completely suppressed CSD after a 17-week course of treatment,30 whereas in human beings, a trial of at least 3 months may be necessary to determine the efficacy of those medications in migraine prevention.3 The study also showed that the efficacy of the medications is dose-dependent.30 Therefore, physicians should begin with a low dose and titrate the dose up when prescribing any of those medications for their patients with migraine.3
Several preclinical studies support the hypothesis that botulinum toxin is effective in the treatment of migraine because of its direct effect on peripheral sensitization and indirect effect on central sensitization. Botulinum toxin mediated substance P release in embryonic rat dorsal root ganglia neurons,31 glutamate inhibition in the rat formalin model,32 and calcitonin gene-related peptide (cGRP) inhibition in rat trigeminal ganglion cell cultures.33 Two of the studies are described here.
Cui et al assessed the physiologic effects of onabotulinumtoxinA on pain using the rat formalin model.32 Results of the study demonstrated that subcutaneously injected onabotulinumtoxinA produced dose-dependent inhibition of formalin-induced glutamate release at the site of peripheral inflammation and centrally reduced c-Fos expression in the spinal cord.3,32 Those findings indicated that some of the antinociceptive effect of onabotulinumtoxinA is due to its inhibition of neurotransmitter release from primary sensory neurons.32 Local injection of onabotulinumtoxinA inhibits peripheral sensitization from local neurotransmitter release, resulting in an indirect decrease in central sensitization.
Sensitization and activation of the trigeminal nerves stimulate the release of neuropeptides, such as cGRP, that cause the vascular and inflammatory changes associated with migraine pain in human beings.3 Durham and colleagues conducted a study to determine whether onabotulinumtoxinA can directly reduce cGRP secretion from the sensory trigeminal neurons of rats.33 The investigators found that onabotulinumtoxinA did not inhibit unstimulated (basal) cGRP release in rat trigeminal ganglions (Fig. 3, left) but did inhibit release of cGRP from those neurons when they were stimulated with potassium chloride or capsaicin (Fig. 3, right). Thus, onabotulinumtoxinA inhibits evoked release, but not basal release, of cGRP.
To summarize, preclinical studies show that botulinum toxin, injected subcutaneously, can inhibit substance P, inhibit glutamate peripherally, and inhibit cGRP released peripherally. Once peripheral sensitization is reduced, central sensitization is also decreased, leading to the alleviation of migraine pain.
In conclusion, our understanding of the complex changes that occur within the brain and central nervous system of the patient with CM has progressed significantly. Timely, early intervention with appropriate prophylactic therapy may succeed in reversing the pathophysiologic, and perhaps even the structural, changes that occur in the brains of migraine sufferers.
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- Abstract
- 1Transformed or evolutive migraine. Headache. 1987;27:102-106., , .
- 2Transformation of episodic migraine into daily headache: Analysis of factors. Headache. 1982;22:66-68., , .
- 3Pathophysiology of chronic migraine and mode of action of preventive medications. Presented at: Decoding Chronic Migraine: Translating Clinical Trial Data Into Optimal Outcomes With Novel Therapies; June 25, 2010; Los Angeles, CA..
- 4Regional grey matter changes in patients with migraine: A voxel-based morphometry study. Cephalalgia. 2008;28:598-604., , , et al.
- 5Periaqueductal gray matter dysfunction in migraine: Cause or the burden of illness? Headache. 2001;41:629-637., , , .
- 6Migraine as a risk factor for subclinical brain lesions. JAMA. 2004;291:427-434., , , et al.
- 7Voxel-based morphometry reveals gray matter abnormalities in migraine. Headache. 2008;48:109-117., , , .
- 8Brain gray matter changes in migraine patients with T2-visible lesions: A 3-T MRI study. Stroke. 2006;37:1765-1770., , , et al.
- 9Iron accumulation in deep brain nuclei in migraine: A population-based magnetic resonance imaging study. Cephalalgia. 2008;29:351-359., , , , .
- 10Is there a brainstem generator of chronic daily headache? J Headache Pain. 2000;2:67-71., , , , .
- 11Migraine headache in middle age and late-life brain infarcts. JAMA. 2009;301:2563-2570., , , et al.
- 12Cortical spreading depression activates and upregulates MMP-9. J Clin Invest. 2004;113:1447-1455., , , et al.
- 13Enhanced cerebrovascular expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 via the MEK/ERK pathway during cerebral ischemia in the rat. BMC Neurosci. 2009;10:56., , .
- 14
- 15Migraine and cerebral white matter lesions: When to suspect cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). Neurologist. 2005;11:19-29., .
- 16Clinical correlates of white matter findings on cranial magnetic resonance imaging of 3301 elderly people: The Cardiovascular Heath Study. Stroke. 1996;27:1274-1282., , , et al.
- 17Orbitofrontal cortex involvement in chronic analgesic-overuse headache evolving from episodic migraine. Brain. 2006;129:543-550., , , et al.
- 18Brainstem dysfunction in chronic migraine as evidenced by neurophysiological and positron emission tomography studies. Headache. 2007;47:996-1003., , , .
- 19Implications of multimechanism therapy: When to treat? Neurology. 2005;64(Suppl. 2):S16-S20., .
- 20Clinical recognition of allodynia in migraine. Neurology. 2004;63:848-852., , .
- 21Identifying cutaneous allodynia in chronic migraine using a practical clinical method. Cephalalgia. 2007;27:111-117., , , , .
- 22Belgian Headache Society. Almotriptan and its combination with aceclofenac for migraine attacks: A study of efficacy and the influence of auto-evaluated brush allodynia. Cephalalgia. 2008;28:1095-1105., , , et al;
- 23Excitatory neurotransmitters in brain regions in interictal migraine patients. Mol Pain. 2009;5:34., , , et al.
- 24Excessive acute migraine medication use and migraine progression. Neurology. 2008;71:1821-1828., .
- 25Opioid-induced hyperalgesia in humans: Molecular mechanisms and clinical considerations. Clin J Pain. 2008;24:479-496., , .
- 26Continuous opioid therapy (COT) is rarely advisable for refractory chronic daily headache: Limited efficacy, risks, and proposed guidelines. Headache. 2008;48:838-849., .
- 27Could glial activation be a factor in migraine? Med Hypotheses. 2009;72:255-257..
- 28Counter-regulation of opioid analgesia by glial-derived bioactive sphingolipids. J Neurosci. 2010;30:15400-15408., , , et al.
- 29Opioid induced hyperalgesia: Clinical implications for the pain practitioner. Pain Physician. 2009;12:679-684..
- 30Suppression of cortical spreading depression in migraine prophylaxis. Ann Neurol. 2006;59:652-661., , , , .
- 31Sensitivity of embryonic rat dorsal root ganglia neurons to Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins. Toxicon. 2000;38:245-258., , .
- 32Mechanisms of the antinociceptive effect of subcutaneous Botox®: Inhibition of peripheral and central nociceptive processing. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2002;365(Suppl. 2):R17. Abstract 33., , , , .
- 33Regulation of calcitonin gene-related peptide secretion from trigeminal nerve cells by botulinum toxin type A: Implications for migraine therapy. Headache. 2004;44:35-42., , .


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Things I liked:good quality
Things I would have changed:nothing - works great
What others should know:not really
Things I liked:Easily fits to my Air Arms adapter to fill up from the Benjamin hand pump. Does the job well.
Things I would have changed:Instructions to place thread seal tape in order to prevent a slow leak while pumping/filling up the gun.
What others should know:Initially I called Pyramydair and talked to them about this adapter - they said that the Delrin Seal should be enough to prevent leaks - however - in my experience, despite hand-tightening the adapter to the Air Arms proprietary fill adapter, there was a slow but steady leak noted if the pump was left to rest. I applied thread seal tape and just hand-tightened the adapter with no further leaks.
Things I liked:screw this on to your Hatsan fill probe and use your Benjamin "bicycle" pump or tanks to fill your Hatsan air cylinders
Things I would have changed:would be nice if Hatsan would have supplied this with their gun
What others should know:this is not one of the cheap, plated adapters, so it should easily handle the 200bar ratings
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Randomised phase 3 open-label trial of first-line treatment with gemcitabine in association with docetaxel or paclitaxel in women with metastatic breast cancer: a comparison of different schedules and treatments
1 IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST - National Institute for Cancer Research, UO Sviluppo Terapie Innovative, Genoa, Italy
3 Department Oncology, S. Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Udine, Italy
4 Department of Endocrinology and Molecular and Clinical Oncology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
5 Department of Senology, Division of Breast Oncology, National Cancer Institute "Fondazione Pascale", Naples, Italy
6 A.O.O.I. Regina Margherita S. Anna, Turin, Italy
7 IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST - National Institute for Cancer Research, UO Epidemiologia Clinica, Genoa, Italy
8 Eli Lilly Italy, Medical Department, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
9 Eli Lilly UK, Erl Wood, Surrey, UK
10 Division Oncology, S. Cuore – Don Calabria Hospital, Verona, Italy
BMC Cancer 2013, 13:164 doi:10.1186/1471-2407-13-164Published: 28 March 2013
This open-label study compared docetaxel/gemcitabine vs. paclitaxel/gemcitabine and a weekly (W) vs. 3-weekly (3 W) schedule in metastatic breast cancer (MBC).
Patients relapsed after adjuvant/neoadjuvant anthracycline-containing chemotherapy were randomized to: A) gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 Day 1,8 + docetaxel 75 mg/m2 Day 1 q3W; B) gemcitabine 1250 mg/m2 Day 1,8 + paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 Day 1 q3W; C) gemcitabine 800 mg/m2 Day 1,8,15 + docetaxel 30 mg/m2 Day 1,8,15 q4W; D) gemcitabine 800 mg/m2 Day 1,15 + paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 Day 1,8,15 q4W. Primary endpoint was time-to-progression (TTP). Secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and overall response rate (ORR).
Interim analysis led to accrual interruption (241 patients enrolled of 360 planned). Median TTP (months) was 8.33 (95% CI: 6.19-10.16) with W and 7.51 (95% CI: 5.93-8.33) with 3 W (p=0.319). No differences were observed in median TTP between docetaxel and paclitaxel, with 85.6% and 87.0% of patients progressing, respectively. OS did not differ between regimens/schedules. ORR was comparable between regimens (HR: 0.882; 95% CI: 0.523-1.488; p=0.639), while it was significantly higher in W than in the 3 W (HR: 0.504; 95% CI: 0.299-0.850; p=0.010) schedule. Grade 3/4 toxicities occurred in 69.2% and 71.9% of patients on docetaxel and paclitaxel, and in 65.8% and 75.2% in W and 3 W.
Both treatment regimens showed similar TTP. W might be associated with a better tumour response compared with 3 W.
Trial registration
Clinicaltrial.gov ID NCT00236899


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©2008 Ted Dekker; (P)2008 Oasis Audio
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Fast paced and entertaining for adults as well as kids. The characters are well developed and the plot is thought provoking. Nice job, Mr. Dekker. I hope Audible will eventually offer the rest of this series.
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The Uzebox: an Open Source Hardware Games Console 104
from the throw-one-together dept.
We've improved Slashdot's video section; now you can view our video interviews, product close-ups and site visits with all the usual Slashdot options to comment, share, etc. No more walled garden! It's a work in progress -- we hope you'll check it out (Learn more about the recent updates).
Ok, maybe I will be modded down here, but its a damn ATmega644, maybe overclocked with SNES controllers and a crap DAC hooked up. We have been doing this for years, back even on the old Pic16f84. Granted this is in color with what looks like an impressive API but for the same price you can get hooked up with a Propeller that has a hell of allot more features and even supports VGA resolutions out of box. Not to mention the video/sound timing issues you will have with this thing when you want to try to work outside the API. This is not the 2600 days where we have to watch for Vsyinc like its life or death:P
The ARM kit over at spark fun has way more features, cheaper, AND runs at 72mhz. http://www.sparkfun.com/products/10664 [sparkfun.com] Even if you want to "market" this thing for beginners, an Arduino has much better support and gaggits to play with. Game programing, especially with this kind of setup, will be hard.
Sigh. Hell, even putting a 3 dollar CLPD would help the graphic performance alot on that. This whole article seems more of a sales pitch than a real project.
It's all about scale...
In hardware, yes absolutely... The cost of producing hardware is high and this will always make it extremely difficult for smaller groups or individuals to compete against the large manufacturers.
In software, where the barriers of entry are lower, open source is doing extremely well... Android, Firefox, and Linux is in everything from TVs, Routers and all manner of networking kit, Phones, all the way up to massive database servers and supercomputers. Linux and BSD are running on thousands of devices that people don't even realise and if you added them all up you would probably find that Linux is the most widespread OS by quite large a margin.
In my house alone, i know that linux runs on my TV, my Satellite receiver, my gps, my wireless ap and my phone.
Make it right before you make it faster.


text: Author Kirk Byron Jones has written a much-needed resource that debunks the "need for speed" mentality that so many people have embraced as a part of their everyday lives. This book goes beyond social and psychological analysis to include spiritual perspectives on the dangers of letting hurry become a chronic condition. Jones presents a well developed three-pronged response to the problem of addiction to hurry. Included in each chapter are helpful questions that allow readers to identify their current pace of life and assist them in cultivating their own sacred, savoring pace. Addicted to Hurry is ideal for anyone desiring to lead a more calm and satisfying life and a great gift for those who seem to be burning out from the frantic pace at work or at home.


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Judy Lynn Freking and James Patrick Besson II were married July 18 at St. Mary's Catholic Church, Ashton, Iowa, with the Rev. Timothy Hogan and the Rev. Michael Hight officiating.
Parents of the couple are Norman and Janene Freking, Ashton, and James and Patsy Besson, Wall, S.D.
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Ship Weapons: I'm rather lost...
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Career Officer
Join Date: Jun 2012
Posts: 775
# 4
Originally Posted by
I was away from this game for awhile, but decided to come back for some reason I can't really even understand. The first thing I'm noticing is that ship weapons are suddenly really hard to come by. The old borg requisition equipment is gone, and via the rep system, the only things that seem to be available are...romulan plasma weapons? Is plasma suddenly good now? I always remember it being the worst choice.
So am I right in assuming that the only way to get ship weapons these days are via missions (obviously not top-tier), the romulan plasma crap, or random drops/the exchange? Or the dilithium store?
I'm pretty disappointed. In missions, certain weapon types are easily available in many flavors (I hope you like beam arrays, rofl) while others (hai turrets) are practically nonexistent. Thankfully, ground weapons don't seem to have this problem.
So what's going on? How do you guys get your ship weapons these days?
I'll give it a shot. You are mostly correct though.
1) The Romulan plasmas aren't necessarily bad as they have the plasma dot proc and the disruptor proc, and consoles from the fleet Romulan embassies can give additional plasma dot procs on all energy weapons.
2) Another weapon source is high level fleets, but there are restrictions on the weapon types. Requires being in an high enough level fleet or arranging temporary membership to buy though. Not being an fleet person I'm not the best source of information on these.
3) Some of the lock boxes have new hybrid (double proc) weapons that you can get from them or off of the exchange (polarized disruptors, phased tetryons, and phased polarons).
4) Crafting (pretty much junk) and random weapons form some DOFF missions are also potential sources of weapons).
5) You can get the old MK X very rare weapons form Task Force Omega for dilithium also still.


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About the subject: Vancouver is famous for the classic Beaver and Otter float planes that operate from jetties just a few minutes' walk from the downtown core. The distinctive noise of 1950s radial engines can be heard periodically and is part of the fabric of west coast life. About the image: This is my first ...
About the subject: The downtown core of the City of Vancouver can be seen just behind Stanley Park. The Lions Gate suspension bridge joins the city to North and West Vancouver. To the west of the City Burnaby and the Cascade Mountains can be seen. To the south Richmond, Tsawwassen and the San Juan islands. ' A...
About the subject: During the summer months several Cruise ships visit Vancouver each day. The Canada Place cruise ship terminal is situated a few minutes' walk from the downtown core and places like Gastown and the Convention center are also nearby. The new Vancouver Convention center is adjacent to Canada Place wh...
A gigantic Bucyrus 8750 dragline is being built as part of the expansion of the Keephills coal-fired power plant west of Edmonton, Alberta. This view shows the basic framework and many of the components ready to install. When finished it will weigh about 8000 tons and have bucket capacity of about 160 cubic meters on...
Under construction. The boom is 425 feet long and the buckets are the size of a 2-car garage.
Craig, Colo. April 5, 2010
A famous locality for structural geologists outside Shamokin, Pennsylvania. The Whaleback, the low ridge in the center of the quarry, is the surface of an anticline exposed by coal mining. On the left (east) wall of the quarry one can see the anticline-syncline pair that was the subject of my first ever GigaPan (shot...
Under these gently rolling hills with it's pristine cattle ranches is one of the world's largest coal deposits with coal seams as thick as 550 meters. It was once proposed to build a thermal plant nearby to strip-mine the whole valley of the estimated 10 Billion tons of lignite and sub-bituminous coal. webma ...
This mine was founded in 1888 and finally was abandoned in 1990.
A memorial to coal miners near the state capitol in Charleston, WV. It was starting to rain, so in my rush I shot this using auto exposure/focus. Created from 30 photos (5x6).


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Posts tagged "adam brody"
Leighton Meester & Adam Brody Are Engaged!
It's really true — sources have confirmed to Us Weekly that Leighton Meester and Adam Brody are engaged. Congratulations! Maybe Josh Schwartz can officiate. [US Weekly] Teresa and Joe Giudice from "The Real Housewives Of New Jersey" plead not guilty today to…
Jessica Wakeman
November 20, 2013
New Couple Alert! Leighton Meester & Adam Brody Are Dating
Blair Waldorf and Seth Cohen are dating! Would these two make the most attractive babies or what? [US Weekly] The L.A. County Sheriff's Department has closed the case involving Chris Brown's assault last month on Frank Ocean, despite the fact new information has come out that someone from Brown's entourage threatened…
Jessica Wakeman
February 6, 2013
Quotable: Adam Brody Plays The Blame Game
"I don't know what happened [with "Jennifer's Body"], and I don't know if anything could have changed anything, or if that was the path it was going down no matter what. I'm happy people are finding it on cable or wherever they're finding it. But I do think it should win a Razzie for Worst…
Julie Gerstein
September 10, 2010
"The Romantics" Cast Models For J.Crew
Look, attractive people in expensive clothing! It's the cast of "The Romantics" modeling the fall collection for J.Crew and there's a lot more lust-a-licious pics on J.Crew's site. When you're done doing that, you simply must watch the trailer about a group of friends with "incestuous dating history." It looks so…
Jessica Wakeman
August 19, 2010
Quotable: Adam Brody Has A Message For Kristen Stewart
"It's only gotten worse, I'm sure, being a celebrity. At the same time, I don't have a lot of patience for people who moan about it too much. Because there are many things you could do. It's like, quit ... you don't need to be an actor, so it's like if it's that much of…
Amelia McDonell-Parry
July 17, 2010
J.Crew Gets Romantic
Here's an interesting twist on movie wardrobes and retailer catalogues. For the upcoming film, "The Romantics," it seems the fashion stylist went a little crazy at J.Crew and outfitted the wardrobe closet with a massive amount of the brand's offerings. [Drooooooool. -- Editor Amelia, J. Crew Addict] In a sign of appreciation, not to mentio…
Bianca Posterli
June 24, 2010
Mischa Barton Tries To Make A Comeback
Remember when Mischa Barton thought she was too good for "The O.C." and left the show in order to pursue a movie career? Well, Mischa Barton movie star never materialized. In fact, the only noteworthy thing Mischa has achieved is her D.U.I. arrest in 2007. Okay, I'll be fair and mentio…
Annika Harris
March 14, 2009
10 We'd Like To See Have A Comeback In 2009
We were so delighted with 2008's surprise comebacks that we decided to get a jump on next year's. As you'll see, some of these predictions aren't likely, but we think it would be awesome if they did come true.
Annika Harris
December 11, 2008
Kirsten Dunst Loves Drew Barrymore's Sloppy Seconds
In the boy buffet that is Hollywood, Kirsten Dunst has been helping herself to a whole lot of sloppy seconds. She must have picked up some skills in Interview With A Vampire, because Kirsten likes to feast on the blood bath of a freshly killed relationship. It all began back in 2007 when she swooped…
August 27, 2008
Star Couplings: Uma Thurman's Stalker Headed To The Clink
Uma Thurman's crazy stalker was convicted. Do you think the Buddhist in her feels sad about that? [DListed]…
Amelia McDonell-Parry
May 7, 2008
All Nerds Are Not Created Equal
Ever since Adam Brody stole our hearts on The O.C. playing hot nerd Seth Cohen, the "smart throb†has been the type-du-jour. Move over bad boys, we want someone who will manage our finances, fix our computers and watch angst-y hipster movies with us. Luckily, Beauty and the Geek: Season 2 winner Josh Herman compiled…
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December 13, 2007
Simply Irresistible
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Justin Bieber Is "Not Looking For A Girlfriend"
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March 31, 2015
Michael Jackson Pranked Russell Crowe For Years
As you slog your way through the myriad not-yet-April Fools' Day pranks that plague this nation, revel in this: no one has ever pranked someone better than Michael Jackson pranked Russell Crowe, and he did it for years. In an interview with The Guardian, Crowe revealed that despite having never met Jackson,…
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PokerStars AC bid sparks battle with older casinos
ATLANTIC CITY, N.J. A bid by the world's largest online poker website to buy an Atlantic City casino is touching off a battle with brick-and-mortar casinos that is getting very nasty, very quickly.
The Rational Group, the parent company of PokerStars, wants to buy The Atlantic Club Casino Hotel. If approved, it would mark the first ownership of an American casino by a solely-online gambling company.
But The American Gaming Association, the trade association representing traditional brick-and-mortar casinos nationwide, is urging New Jersey regulators to reject the bid. It claims PokerStars "was operated as a criminal enterprise" for years, capturing more than half the $7 billion-a-year online poker market.
The company agreed last year to pay $547 million to the U.S. Justice Department and $184 million to poker players overseas to settle a case alleging money laundering, bank fraud and illegal gambling. It admitted no wrongdoing, and says it is in good standing with governments around the world.
The New Jersey Casino Control Commission on Wednesday will consider whether to let the gaming association participate in PokerStars' licensing hearing.
The gaming association said in a filing it submitted to the casino commission that it opposes the PokerStars bid "because the integrity of the gaming industry would be gravely compromised by any regulatory approvals of PokerStars, a business built on deceit, chicanery and the systematic flouting of U.S. law."
However, because The American Gaming Association is not a party to the PokerStars licensing application, the brief it sent to the casino commission cannot legally be considered at this point. The association is seeking permission to intervene in the licensing hearing. A decision on whether PokerStars can qualify for a license is not expected for several weeks.
PokerStars has emerged as perhaps the last, best hope to save The Atlantic Club, which has been struggling to compete in the cutthroat Atlantic City market for years. It came close to having to close two years ago, until a last-minute infusion of cash from its owner, Colony Capital.
Colony agreed to pump $15 million into it to keep it afloat. In return, lenders foreclosed on and took ownership of two casinos in Mississippi that Colony owned, Bally's Tunica and Resorts Tunica, and wiped out the mortgage debt for the Atlantic Club, which at the time was called ACH, a reference to its former status as the Atlantic City Hilton.
Since the day the Rational Group announced its plan to buy The Atlantic Club, its path to approval appeared arduous. The opposition of the gaming association has turned up the heat another notch.
"Any action allowing PokerStars to be licensed would send a damaging message to the world of gaming, and to the world beyond gaming, that companies that engage in chronic law breaking are welcome in the licensed gaming business," the association wrote in its brief.
The group accused PokerStars of setting up decoy websites with domain names involving golf, shopping, pet food and other topics to disguise the fact that payments made through them were for online poker transactions. It also said the company bribed a bank executive to handle the transactions, which the group said were illegal under federal law.


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Adam Summers, MD
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Bad Place - Maryland
5 out of 5 stars Neck Lift
What I Love About My Neck - Annapolis, MD
My initial consult with Dr. Summers was beyond my expectations. The time he spent with me in examining my face and neck, answering my questions, addressing my concerns and alleviating my fear of pain involved with the procedure left me seriously considering to be my surgeon of choice. The last hurdle was the cost of the procedure. His staff provided a cost estimate that I felt was fair. The also offered me a monetary credit for one year that can be applied to products and in-office procedures (facials, etc).
5 out of 5 stars Dysport
Love Love Love It! - Glen Burnie, MD
Absolute best doctor I have ever been to. He really knows his stuff when it comes to facial muscles and where to inject the product. Great no nonsense doctor. GLAD I found him and he is so close. Years of experience and the best prices anywhere!!!
1 out of 5 stars Fraxel Laser
Horrible Hyperpigmentation After 16 Months - Glen Burnie, MD
About Adam Summers, MD
Adam Summers, MD practices in Glen Burnie at Maryland Plastic Surgery as a Plastic Surgeon, board certified by American Board of Plastic Surgery. Dr. Summers began participating on RealSelf in 2009, and has achieved "Participating Member" status. The doctor has 17 years of experience providing cosmetic and aesthetic medical services, and is a member of American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS). Dr. Summers has hospital affiliations at Howard County General Hospital.
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Newspaper Roundup for Monday, September 28, 2009
September 28, 2009 - 7:23 AM<br />
Poll suggests costs of Mass. universal health care costs worry the public
Public support has slipped over the past year
Washington Times:
Liberals seek health-care access for illegals
House Dems: unfair to bar illegals from paying their own way in a gov't-sponsored exchange
Boston Globe:
Fees deter many from citizenship
Advocates say cuts in services also play role
Washington Post:
Officials may require health studies before major roads are approved
Washington, D.C., suburb eyeing vehicle exhaust
St. Louis Post-Dispatch:
U.S. government may declare nonendangered species endangered
Shovelnose sturgeon not endangered, but it resembles endangered pallid sturgeon
Washington Times:
Six Flags eyes theme park in Nigeria
African nation has no theme parks
Washington Times:
Trial lawyers lobby sinks $6.2M in debt
Debts rise, members fall
Washington Times:
Social Security hurt by job losses, laid-off seniors
Early retirees also boost deficit
Denver Post:
Colo. state officials work on stimulus oversight
State officials are hashing out how to pay those who'll manage grants
Washington Post:
Worrisome signs for the future of the PTA, as more schools opt out
National group seen as too bureaucratic, less relevant in Internet age
Washington Post:
Climate-Change Study Cites Role of Ancient Farming
People began altering the climate thousands of years ago, professor argues
Houston Chronicle:
Christianity in the crosshairs as Texas official develop new curriculum standards
Finding common agreement on America's origins as a Christian nation could be tricky
Washington Post:
Pope urges Europe to remember Christian heritage
Washington Post:
More school: Obama would curtail summer vacation
San Francisco Chronicle:
California GOP sees hope on the horizon
San Francisco Chronicle:
Chances are good California pot legalization measure will pass
Boston Globe:
Little power for Afghans elected to local councils
St. Louis Post-Dispatch/AP:
Homeless Ga. sex offenders directed to woods
Boston Globe:
Wellesley College pulls plug on program for senior citizens
Budget cuts blamed for suspension of program that allowed seniors to audit classes for free
Republicans believe 2010 will be the year Pelosi sinks some Democrats
House Speaker seen as campaign wedge
USA Today:
Sen. Rockefeller seeks to extend health care bill's protections
USA Today:
Joint Chiefs chairman seeks brain-injury limit for deployed troops
President Obama going to Copenhagen to pitch Chicago as Olympics venue
Will join first lady in effort to win one for his hometown
Bill Clinton: Midterm election won't be a '94 repeat
Fox News:
Bill Clinton revives 'right-wing conspiracy'
President Obama going to Copenhagen to pitch Chicago as Olympics venue
Will join first lady in effort to win one for his hometown
Jerusalem Post:
Policemen wounded in Temple Mt. riots
Los Angeles Times:
An Afghan in Muncie, Ind.: Enrolling in U.S. Life 101
Fox News:
'SNL' Newcomer Drops F-Bomb During Season Opener
Philadelphia Inquirer:
More U.S. students picking Canadian universities
Miami Herald:
University to charge $5 fee for some graduation guests
Chicago Sun-Times:
Chicago AIDS charity facing scrutiny over spending
Half million dollars for what? Bonuses, payment for Soldier Field skybox
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Bridget Belcik
This honor is bestowed on teams who achieved a 3.0 grade point average or higher for the fall 2014 semester
FAU records were broken in the women's 100 free, 200 fly, and 400 free relay and the men's 100 free
As a whole, the team set 23 lifetime bests during the third day of competition
Junior Matthieu Burtez set a new school record in the 50 free and the team set 31 lifetime bests
After the first day of competition, the women are in fourth place and the men are tied for first
Freshman (2013-14): Competed in the Conference USA Swimming and Diving Championship in the 200 free (1:57.15) and the 500 free (5:11.40).
High School: Competed at Palm Harbor University High School for head coach Lisa Bitting.
Personal: Nursing major...daughter of Joe and Kaylyn Belcik...professional goal to become a pediatric oncology nurse...enjoys fishing, going to the beach, and cooking.


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Our special coverage of the closest race for years
Explore the personal stories of Syrian refugees in Lebanon
22 Jul 2010 06:32 GMT
Prosecutors acknowledged that the sex was consensual, but accused him of misrepresenting himself.The court agreed, sentencing Kashur despite acknowledging that his case was not "a classical rape by force".
"If she hadn't thought the accused was a Jewish bachelor interested in a serious romantic relationship, she would not have co-operated," the judges said in their ruling.
"The court must protect the public interest against sophisticated criminals with a smooth tongue and sweet talking, who can lead astray innocent victims."
The Israeli criminal code mentions "deceit" as a possible aggravating factor in sexual assault cases and the verdict in Kashur's case is not the first time an Israeli court has sentenced a man for "rape by deception," according to several Israeli lawyers.
"The court must protect the public interest against sophisticated criminals with a smooth tongue and sweet talking, who can lead astray innocent victims"
Judicial ruling
The most notable case was in 2008, when Israel's high court of justice upheld the conviction of Zvi Sleiman, a man who impersonated a housing ministry official and promised women apartments and benefits in exchange for sex.
A rape conviction sentence could be upheld, the court ruled, when "a person lies does not tell the truth regarding critical matters to a reasonable woman". Several other men have been convicted of "rape by deception" since that ruling.But the Kashur case appears to be the first time a person's race has been used as the determining factor.
"In this case, the ruling seems to say that if a 'reasonable' Jewish woman knew a man was an Arab, then she would not make love to him," Abeer Baker, an attorney with Adalah, an organisation that advocates for Arab rights in Israel, said.
Baker called it a "dangerous precedent," saying it would allow the Israeli government to interfere in the private lives of citizens.
"It's interfering in a very intimate, personal decision," she said. "That should be made between two people. The court should not interfere."Open hostility
Similar laws have been controversial in other countries, as well. A man in the United States was convicted in 2007 of impersonating his brother in order to have sex with his girlfriend. That conviction was overturned on appeal, though, after an appellate court ruled that rape laws apply only to non-consensual sex.
Kashur's case also highlights the open hostility with which many Israeli Jews view mixed relationships with Arabs, who make up one-fifth of the population of Israel.
A poll conducted in 2007 by Israel's Geocartography Institute found that more than 50 per cent of Israeli Jews thought marrying an Arab was "equal to national treason". Jews are legally forbidden to intermarry in Israel.
The Sunday Times reported in 2009 on a squad of "vigilantes" in the Jewish settlement of Pisgat Zeev. The group has patrolled the streets for more than a decade looking for mixed couples.
And in 2009, the town of Petah Tikva established a team of counsellors and psychologists to "rescue" Jewish women from relationships with Arab men. The Israeli daily Maariv reported in February that Tel Aviv had launched a similar programme.
Gideon Levy, a liberal columnist with the Israeli newspaper Haaretz, said the "rape by deception" law would have been applied differently if a Jewish man had sex with an Arab woman under false pretences.
"Would he have been convicted of rape?" Levy asked. "The answer is: of course not."
Source: Al Jazeera
Director of support centre says man "raped" Israeli woman by lying about his ethnicity.
Middle East
People & Power asks whether Israeli Arabs are the victims of legal double standards.
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In religiously conservative Brazil, women risk jail time and their lives to undergo the procedure that is illegal but commonplace.
Health, Human Rights, Latin America
Trash is a fast-growing import in the Scandinavian country, which turns it into heat for people's homes.
Environment, Europe, Sweden
Critics say the UK's home secretary is using Muslims as a 'political punchbag' in a bid to shore up right-wing support.
Human Rights, Politics, Racism
2014 was the worst year in more than a decade for polio infections, with at least 306 new cases reported.
Polio, Asia, Pakistan
It is a source of sustenance but also of tension and new political realities are now increasing uncertainty.
Egypt, Sudan, Middle East
A media post-mortem into the UK's surveillance report. Plus, why five years on in Argentina the media looks so familiar.
Media, Edward Snowden, Security
The untold story of how the Lebanese community overcame the odds and found their place in multicultural Australia.
Asia Pacific, Australia, Lebanon
How to keep a telenovela profitable and demanding sponsors happy while inspiring the production team to stay passionate.
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Danish Delight - Caroline Wozniacki thread - vol 6
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Feb 16th, 2013, 04:44 AM
bruce goose
Senior Member
Join Date: Jun 2007
Posts: 13,754
Re: Danish Delight - Caroline Wozniacki thread - vol 6
It's hard for me to accurately gauge this,but I don't recall Caro's getting lots of Top 5 wins even at her peak,and 2 players whom she USED to beat,Vika and Aga,have gotten significantly better.Can Caro truly force elite players into mistakes when they're on sort of a hot streak?If not,then she'll hit a rankings plateau until she learns how to finish good players off
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Hi: 12° Lo:5°
By Tristan Harris Thursday 07 August 2014 Updated: 15/08 13:04
A REDNAL church has created this eye-catching commemorative piece of art on the grass outside its building as a way for the community to remember those who fought in the First World War.
The design, outside St Stephen's Church in Edgewood Road, was the brainchild of former serving soldier Norman Mills who enlisted the help of another ex-armed forces member, artist Rob Smith. He helped make Norman's idea a reality by created the stencils for the dates and the poppies. The area was then sprayed with special grass-friendly paint.
And, on Monday night (August 4) between 10pm and 11pm, a candle was lit in the vestibule which was visible through the glass windows of the church.
St Stephen's Church secretary Wendy Cooper said: "We are so proud of it because it is outside the church and that meant it could be seen by everyone and at any time of day.
"We have had a lot of people stop and view it, as well as take photographs of it.
"All the children from the play group were showed it and told about the First World War.
"The reaction we have had from the whole community has been very good indeed."
1 'Community minded' councillor and former chairman dies at 90
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4 Operation Teddy Bear launched to help Fin break record
5 Double the shops on Bromsgrove High Street are closing than opening
HOMELESS and unemployed young people plunged from the
PETS in need are set to benefit from
A GRANDMOTHER of 19, from Northfield, has revealed
A SUPPORT worker from a Bromsgrove-based fostering company
A MASS rally and march to save services at the ...
MORE homes than originally planned will need to be built ...
Visit the Worcester Observer website for the latest.
DRINKING alcohol in a popular Evesham park could be banned ...