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Del. Dave Albo to Seek Re-election
Del. Dave Albo (R-42) recently announced he had submitted paperwork on March 18 to run in the Republican primary and seek re-election for his seat.
Surovell Kicks Off Senate Campaign
Mount Vernon residents Lyn Snodgrass, Alan Edelstein and Jim Seeley engaged Del. Scott Surovell (D-44) in a banquet room of The Landing restaurant in Woodbridge.
First Shots Fired in Mayoral Race
Democratic candidates define their issues.
With campaigns kicking off in late February and early March, the mayoral election season has begun in Alexandria.
Democrats Hold Mardi Gras Straw Poll in Alexandria
Surovell, Sargeant lead.
As the saying goes: In Virginia, every year is an election year. And every election year is replete with straw polls. The first such event leading up to the June 9 Democratic primary was a Mardi Gras-themed dinner party held March 7 at Don Beyer Volvo in Alexandria.
John Cook Announces Re-Election Bid for Braddock Supervisor
Supervisor John Cook (R-Braddock) was first elected to represent the Braddock district in a 2009 special election. He won his first full term in 2011 and on March 3 formally announced he would seek another term to sit on the Board of Supervisors.
Alexandria Welcomes Zombie Apocalypse Survivors
The mayor welcomed Rick Grimes and others from the AMC show "The Walking Dead" to the city. Grimes entered the city on March 1 and has expressed an interest in joining local law enforcement. In the show, based on a comic series by Robert Kirkman, Alexandria is a safe-zone relatively protected from apocalyptic horrors.
Scott Surovell (D-44) Announces Bid for State Senate
Del. Scott Surovell (D-44) used his blog and e-newsletter to make his intention known: Less than a week after Sen. Toddy Puller (D-36) announced she would not look to serve another term, Surovell declared he would run for the vacant seat on Sunday, Jan. 18.
Virginia Senator Toddy Puller (D-36) Will Not Seek Re-Election
Just as the Virginia General Assembly kicked off its 2015 January session, state Senator Linda T. "Toddy" Puller (D-36) announced her decision to not run for re-election later this year.
Sharing Struggle Against Addiction in Alexandria Detention
Sober Living Unit Celebrates 26th Anniversary
A recurring theme of loss and hope for recovery weaved through the songs, poems, and presentations at the Sober Living Unit's 26th anniversary. Inmates and alumni of the program shared their stories of addiction and the long road to recovery.
General Election Results
Source: Virginia Department of Elections, unofficial as of Nov. 11.
Virginia Department of Elections, unofficial as of Nov. 11.
Centreview Election Results
Election Results
Election Results
Election Results
Steady Voter Turnout at Fairfax's Greenbriar East
More than a third of those registered there voted Tuesday.
Most voters at Greenbriar East Elementary (GBE) didn't want to reveal specifics about which candidates they voted for on Tuesday, but they did share their reasons for casting their ballots, in general.
2014 Maryland and Montgomery County Election Results
Except for the results at the top of the ticket, Montgomery County continues to have 100 percent Democratic elected officials.
Arlington Votes
A morning of low turnout at Arlington's Madison and Marshall precincts.
Arlingtonians lined up to vote on Election Day to choose between Democratic U.S. Sen. Mark Warner and Republican challenger Ed Gillespie.
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Prayer Request Send Us Your Prayer Requests
Join Kenneth Copeland and Keith Butler on the Believer's Voice of Victory broadcast this week as they open God's Word. They'll share how when we give God complete control in our lives, we don't have to worry about a thing. Don't miss a moment!
Monday – Learn 17 Biblical expressions of God's grace.
Tuesday – See how God's great grace gives us victory every day.
Wednesday – Discover how the new birth you have in Christ Jesus has really changed your life!
Thursday – See how to walk in your place of grace and live out your faith in the world.
Friday – Receive the call of the Lord to the Body of Christ!
Download this week's study notes

subset: commoncrawl


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My name is Thomas, I am 57 years old, working as a cardiac surgeon.
Beside my work, most important to me is my family (my wife and two sons).
We have been traveling al lot all over Europe, to Asia (Maldives, Thailand, Sri Lanka)
to Canada and the USA.
I have cultural interests in Theatre, Cinema and music (Classic and 70`s),
Actually I am waiting to drive my new restored 1967 BMW R50 Motorcycle.


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biofuels Companies in St. Kitts & Nevis
Butamax Advanced Biofuels LLC
based in Wilmington, DELAWARE (USA)
Butamax Advanced Biofuels was formed in 2009 to develop biobutanol – an advanced premium biofuel molecule. Biobutanol is an advanced biofuel that will provide improved options for expanding energy supplies and accelerate the move to renewable transportation fuels which lower overall greenhouse gas emissions. Butamax Advanced Biofuels is a joint venture created by BP and ...
Universal Biofuels Private Limited
based in Hyderabad, INDIA
Universal Biofuels Private Limited is an industrial manufacturing company producing renewable chemicals, fuels and natural oils. Our multi-product production facility is located in the port city of Kakinada, India. Universal Biofuels is a wholly owned subsidiary of Aemetis, Inc., United States. Aemetis, Inc. is headquartered in Cupertino, California and is an industrial ...
National Alliance For Advanced Biofuels and Bio-Products (NAABB)
based in NEW MEXICO (USA)
The overall goal of the National Alliance for Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts consortium is to produce new technologies that can be implemented by our commercial partners and others developing the algal biofuel industry. In order to achieve this goal, our program incorporates major objectives in Algal Biology, Cultivation, Harvesting/Extraction, and Conversion to fuels, ...
Grabner Instruments Messtechnik GmbH
based in Wien, AUSTRIA
Grabner Instruments Messtechnik GmbH, a subsidiary of AMETEK, Inc. is known as one of the most innovative companies worldwide developing and manufacturing automatic petroleum testing equipment and biofuels testing equipment.
Lin-Ka Maskinfabrik A/S
based in LEM, DENMARK
Over thirty years of experience and know-how on the combustion of biomass make LIN-KA ENERGY A/S one of the world leaders within biofuel heating and steam plants, particularly within the utilisation of straw. In recent years, LIN-KA has opted to gain a presence on the export markets through a network of partners, helping the company to win an award as a `Gazelle Company` ...
Wilks - A Spectro Scientific Company
based in East Norwalk, CONNECTICUT (USA)
All Wilks analyzers and spectrometers are designed for easy, on-site field or at/near line use. They are equally as useful in the analytical or testing laboratory – virtually anywhere repetitive measurements are needed. Wilks instruments are the ideal solution for a wide variety of measurement applications in the biofuels, petrochemical, environmental, quality control and ...
Metrohm AG
based in Herisau, SWITZERLAND
Metrohm is a worldwide leading manufacturer of precision instruments for chemical analysis. In the field of electrochemical ion analysis Metrohm has been the unchallenged world number one for many years. This is reflected in the company's comprehensive product range: pH meters, ion meters, conductometers, potentiometric, thermometric and Karl Fischer titration, ...
Verderflex Peristaltic Pumps - part of the Verder Group
based in Castleford, UNITED KINGDOM
Verderflex Peristaltic tube and hose pumps from Verder have gained worldwide prominence particularly in dosing applications involving abrasive, highly corrosive, viscous, high density and shear sensitive products within industries such as water and waste water, food & beverage, chemical, biofuel, print & packaging and ceramics. Verderflex peristaltic pumps have a ...
Bioenergy Partners
based in GERMANY
Bioenergy Partners is an online platform for businesses and experts involved in all the technology areas of the bioenergy sector: liquid biofuels, solid biofuels, waste to biofuels, waste to energy, biomass heating and cogeneration, biomass co-firing, biogas and biomethane.
P&K Consulting
based in Curitiba, BRAZIL
Consulting on vehicle emissions, biofuels, engine technology, emisisons laboratory constructions.


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Dove trovare il migliore hamburger a Milano? Ecco qualche proposta e suggerimento!
Where you can find the best hamburgers in Milan!
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Experiment with heirloom seed from bf 1981 (photo)
virrasztoJune 13, 2009
I have some family heirloom green bean seed that my grandmother had saved each year. Lots of it! Since I had
some extra room in my garden I figured, what the heck? I'll try planting a few seeds from each year that I had to see what happens. I know there is some seed from before 1981 because the older it gets the darker it gets.
Just curious as to what will happen...how it will grow..if it will grow, etc.
Will keep this thread updated with photos of the growing process.
The beans growing on the left I planted two weeks ago from my last years stock of saved seed.
ps. I originally posted this in the wrong forum, so reposted it here in the right one.


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MLewyn's blog
Explaining the Koontz DecisionSubmitted by MLewyn on Sun, 10/06/2013 - 7:55pm
A few months ago, the federal Supreme Court issued its decision in the case of Koontz v. St. Johns River Water Management District.
Does smart growth regulation create price instability?Submitted by MLewyn on Wed, 09/25/2013 - 10:09am
One argument I've seen in anti-smart growth literature is that regulation generally and/or smart growth-oriented regulation creates housing bubbles that lead to price instability.
Reality Check on Urban PovertySubmitted by MLewyn on Wed, 09/25/2013 - 8:48am
I've read some stories suggesting that poverty is decreasing in cities and increasing in suburbs. Urbanists see this alleged trend as evidence that cities are becoming more popular; egalitarians see it as evidence that gentrification is driving the poor into suburbia.
How The Sprawl Lobby Is TotalitarianSubmitted by MLewyn on Tue, 09/24/2013 - 11:08am
I recently read the following comment justifying sprawl-oriented policies: "people still want the freedom of choice, privacy and flexibility a car affords."
I have often seen this sort of argument; it seems to me to endorse the following chain of logic: (1) an unspecified number of "people" (presumably a majority) want cars and therefore (2) we should enact policies that make car ownership effectively mandatory (e.g. using highways to shift development to places without public transit, building streets too wide to be crossable by pedestrians).
High-Speed Streets Cause Tragedy in JacksonvilleSubmitted by MLewyn on Mon, 09/16/2013 - 11:37am
Last Friday night, a woman and her daughter were struck by a car while crossing the street to attend Yom Kippur services in Jacksonville, Florida. The mother died instantly, the daughter was hospitalized.
Exciting New DatabaseSubmitted by MLewyn on Fri, 09/13/2013 - 9:17am
The Lincoln Institute of Land Policy just came out with a fun new database of fiscal information about cities. A few of the things I learned after playing around in the database for an hour:
Reviewing A Review of "The End of the Suburbs"Submitted by MLewyn on Mon, 09/09/2013 - 1:08pm
In the Wall Street Journal, Joel Kotkin pans Leigh Gallagher's "The End of the Suburbs." Generally, I don't consider a fight about whether cities or suburbs are winning the future to be of much interest; in reality, there are growing cities and growing suburbs, just as there are declining cities and declining suburbs. However, Kotkin does raise a number of points which I think are worthy of discussion.
Is Sprawl An Example of Libertarian Paternalism?Submitted by MLewyn on Thu, 08/29/2013 - 10:38am
One widely-publicized attempt to find a middle ground between laissez-fair and overregulation is "libertarian paternalism": the idea that (in the words of New York Times columnist David Brooks), "Government doesn't tell you what to do, but it gently biases the context so that you find it easier to do things" favored by government. For example, a state governnment could design forms making organ donation the "default option" for driver's license applicants, so one would have
The Cross-Bronx Expressway really hurt (but not in the way you might think)Submitted by MLewyn on Sun, 08/25/2013 - 10:15pm
A few months ago, I finished reading Robert Caro's The Power Broker, a biography of highway/park-builder Robert Moses. Caro asserts that Moses's Cross-Bronx Expressway ruined Bronx neighborhoods near East Tremont Avenue; many houses and apartments were destroyed to build the expressway, and the negative effects of all that deserted land blighted nearby blocks.
Cities Can't Do Much AloneSubmitted by MLewyn on Thu, 08/22/2013 - 1:12pm
I am about halfway through the Metropolitan Revolution (by Bruce Katz and Jennifer Bradley) and I can't help wondering: how much good can a city do? Of course, quite a bit- but only with a friendly (or at least non-hostile) state government. There are many, many things a state government can do to sabotage a city. For example, a state can:


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Planet Linux Australia
Michael Still: Soft deleting instances and the reclaim_instance_interval in Nova
First off, there is a periodic task run the nova-compute process (or the computer manager as a developer would know it), which runs every reclaim_instance_interval seconds. It looks for instances in the SOFT_DELETED state which don't have any tasks running at the moment for the hypervisor node that nova-compute is running on.
For each instance it finds, it checks if the instance has been soft deleted for at least reclaim_instance_interval seconds. This has the side effect from my reading of the code that an instance needs to be deleted for at least reclaim_instance_Interval seconds before it will be removed from disk, but that the instance might be up to approximately twice that age (if it was deleted just as the periodic task ran, it would skip the next run and therefore not be deleted for two intervals).
Once these conditions are met, the instance is deleted from disk.
Tags for this post: openstack nova instance delete
Related posts: One week of Nova Kilo specifications; Specs for Kilo; Juno nova mid-cycle meetup summary: nova-network to Neutron migration; Historical revisionism; Juno Nova PTL Candidacy; Juno nova mid-cycle meetup summary: scheduler
Andrew McDonnell: Experiments with hardening OpenWRT: applying the grsecurity patches
A well known set of security enhancements to the Linux kernel is the grsecurity patch. The grsecurity patch is a (large) patch that applies cleanly against selected supported stock Linux kernel versions. It brings with it PAX, which protects against various well known memory exploits, plus a number of other hardening features including logging time and mount changes. In particular it enables features such as Non-executable stack (NX) on platforms that do not provide NX in hardware, such as MIPS devices and older x86.OpenWRT hardening
OpenWRT is a widely adopted embedded / router Linux distribution. It would benefit greatly from including grsecurity, in particular given most MIPS platforms do not support NX protection in hardware. However for a long time the differences between the OpenWRT kernel and the kernel revisions that grsecurity is supported on have been significant and would likely have taken an extreme effort to get working, let alone get working securely.
This is a shame, because there is malware targeted at consumer embedded routers, and it must only be a matter of time before OpenWRT is targeted. OpenWRT is widely regarded as relatively secure compared to many consumer devices, at least if configured properly, but eventually some bug will allow a remote binary to be dropped. It would be helpful if the system can be hardened and stay one step ahead of things.
The OpenWRT development trunk (destined to become the next release, 'Chaos Calmer' in due course) has recently migrated most devices to the 3.14 kernel tree. Serendipidously this aligns with the long term supported grsecurity revision 3.14. When I noticed this I figured I'd take a look at whether it was feasible to deploy grsecurity with OpenWRT.Applying grsecurity – patch
In late November I pulled the latest OpenWRT sources and the kernel version was 3.14.25, which I noticed matched the current grsecurity stable branch 3.14.25
The grsecurity patch applies cleanly against a stock kernel, and OpenWRT starts with a stock kernel and then applies a series of patches designed to extend hardware support to many obscure embedded things not present in the mainline kernel, along with patches that reduce the memory footprint. Some of the general patches are pushed upstream but may not yet have been accepted, and some could be backports from later kernels. Examples of generic patches include a simplified crash report.
Anyway, I had two choices, and tried them both: apply grsecurity, then the OpenWRT patches; or start with the OpenWRT patched kernel. In both cases there were a number of rejects, but there seemed to be less when I applied grsecurity last. I also decided this would be easier for me to support for myself going forward, a decision later validated successfully.
OpenWRT kernel patches are stored in two locations; generic patches applying against any platform, then platform specific patches. My work is tested against the Carambola2, an embedded MIPS board supported by the 'ar71xx' platform in OpenWRT, so for my case, there were ar71xx patches.
To make life easy I wrote a script that would take a directory of OpenWRT kernel patches, apply to a git kernel repository and auto-commit. This allowed me to use gitg and git difftool to examine things efficiently. It also worked well with using an external kernel tree to OpenWRT so I didnt have to worry yet about integrating patches into OpenWRT. This script is on github, it should be easily adaptable for other experiments.
(Note: to use an external tree, managed by git, use config options like the following:CONFIG_KERNEL_GIT_CLONE_URI="path/to/linux-stable" CONFIG_KERNEL_GIT_LOCAL_REPOSITORY="path/to/linux-stable" CONFIG_KERNEL_GIT_BRANCH="owrt_grsec_v3.14.25"
There were four primary rejects that required fixing. This involved inspecting each case and working out what OpenWRT had changed in the way. Generally, this was caused because one or the other had modified the end of the same structure or macro, but luckily it turned out nothing significant and I was able to easily reconcile things. The hardest was because OpenWRT modifies vmstat.c for MIPS and the same code was modified by grsecurity to add extra memory protections. At this point I attempted to build the system, and discovered three other minor cases that broke the build. These mispatches essentially were due to movements in one or two lines, or new code using internal kernel API modified by grsecurity, and were also easily repaired. The most difficult mispatch to understand was where OpenWRT rewrites the kernel module loader code, apparently to make better use of MIPS memory structures and it took me a little while to understand how to try and fix things.
The end result is on github at https://github.com/pastcompute/openwrt-cc-linux-3.14.x-grsecurityApplying grsecurity – OpenWRT quirks
One strange bug that had to be worked around was some new dependency in the kernel build process, where extra tools that grsecurity adds were not being built in the correct order with other kernel prerequisites.
In the end I had to patch how OpenWRT builds the kernel to perform an extra 'make olddefconfig' to sort things out.
I also had to run 'make kernel_menuconfig' and turn on grsecurity.
As the system built, I eventually hit another problem area: building packages. This was a bit of an 'OH-NO' moment as I thought it had the potential to become a big rabbit hole. Luckily as it turned out, only one package was affected in the end: compat-wireless. This package builds some extra user space tools and wifi drivers, and used a macro, ACCESS_ONCE, that was changed by grsecurity to be more secure; and required use of a new macro to make everything work again, ACCESS_ONE_RW. There were rather a number of calls to this macro, but luckily it turned out to be fixable using sed!Booting OpenWRT with grsecurity – modules not loading
I was able to then complete an INITRAMFS image that I TFTP'd into my carambola2 via uboot.
Amazingly the system booted and provided me with a prompt.U-Boot 1.1.4-g33f82657-dirty (Sep 16 2013 - 16:09:28) ===================================== CARAMBOLA2 v1.0 (AR9331) U-boot Starting kernel ... [ 0.000000] Linux version 3.14.26-grsec (andrew@atlantis4) (gcc version 4.8.3 (OpenWrt/Linaro GCC 4.8-2014.04 r43591) ) #3 Sun Dec 14 18:08:52 ACDT 2014
I then discovered that no kernel modules were loading. A bit of digging and it turns out that a grsecurity option, CONFIG_GRKERNSEC_RANDSTRUCT will auto-enable CONFIG_MODVERSIONS. One thing I learned at this point is that OpenWRT does not support CONFIG_MODVERSIONS=y, due to the way it packages modules with its packaging system. So an iteration later with the setting disabled, and everything appeared to be "working"Testing OpenWRT with grsecurity
Of course, all this work is moot if we cant prove it works.
Easy to check is auditing. For example, we now had these messages:[ 4.020833] grsec: mount of proc to /proc by /sbin/init[init:1] uid/euid:0/0 gid/egid:0/0, parent /[swapper:0] uid/euid:0/0 gid/egid:0/0 [ 4.020833] grsec: mount of sysfs to /sys by /sbin/init[init:1] uid/euid:0/0 gid/egid:0/0, parent /[swapper:0] uid/euid:0/0 gid/egid:0/0 [ 4.041666] grsec: mount of tmpfs to /dev by /sbin/init[init:1] uid/euid:0/0 gid/egid:0/0, parent /[swapper:0] uid/euid:0/0 gid/egid:0/0
However, the acid test would be enforcement of the NX flag. Here I used the code from http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Hardened/PaX_Quickstart to test incorrect memory protections. Result:[19111.666360] grsec: denied RWX mmap of <anonymous mapping> by /tmp/bad[bad:1497] uid/euid:0/0 gid/egid:0/0, parent /bin/busybox[ash:467] uid/euid:0/0 gid/egid:0/0 mmap failed: Operation not permitted
Success!Revisiting Checksec, and tweaking PAX
In an earlier blog I wrote about experimenting with checksec. Here I used it to double-check that the binaries were built with NX protection. MOst were, due to a patch I previously submitted to OpenWRT for MIPS. However, openssl was missing NX. It turns out that OpenSSL amongst everything else it has been discussed for this year, uses assembler in parts of the encryption code! I was able to fix this by adding the relevant linker '.note.GNU-stack' directive.
The PAX component can be tweaked using the paxctl command, so I had to build that with the OpenWRT toolchain to try it out. I discovered that it doesnt work for files on the JFFS2 partition, only in the ramdisk. Further to enable soft mode, you need to add a kernel boot command line argument. To do this for OpenWRT, edit a file called target/linux/$KERNEL_PLATFORM/generic/config-default where in my case, $KERNEL_PLATFORM is ar71xxMoving Targets
Right in the middle of all this, OpenWRT bumped the kernel to 3.14.26. So I had to exercise a workflow in keeping the patch current. As it happened the grsecuroty patch was also updated to 3.14.26 so I presume this made life easier.
After downloading the stock kernel and pulling the latest OpenWRT, I again re-created the patch series, then applied grsecurity 3.14.26. The same four rejects were present again, so fingers crossed I cherry-picked all my work from 3.14.25 onto 3.14.26. As luck would have it this was one smooth rebase!Recap of OpenWRT grsecurity caveats
- CONFIG_GRKERNSEC_RANDSTRUCT is not compatible with the OpenWRT build system; using it will prevent modules loading
- Some packages may need to be modified to support NX – generally, if these use assembly language and don't use the proper linker directive.
- For some reason paxctl only seems to work on files in /tmp not in the JFFS overlay. This is probably only a problem when debugging
- Your experience with the debugger gdb will probably be sub-optimal unless you put the debug target on /tmp and use paxctl to mark it with exceptions
After concluding the above, I converted the change set from my local Linux working copy into a set of additional patches on OpenWRT and rebuilt everything to double check.
The branch 'ar71xx-3.14.26-grsecurity' in https://github.com/pastcompute/openwrt-cc-ar71xx-hardened has all the work, along with some extra minor fixes I made to some other packages related to checksec scan results.
THIS MAY EXPLODE YOUR COMPUTER AND GET YOU POWNED! This has been working for me on one device with minimal testing and is just a proof of concept.
David Rowe: FSK over FM
I'm interested in developing a VHF mode for FreeDV. One intriguing possibility is to connect a modem to legacy analog FM radios, which would allow them to be re-purposed for digital voice. One candidate is FSK at 1200 bit/s, which is often used over FM for APRS. This operates through FM radios using the mic/speaker ports on $50 HTs, no special data ports required.
So I want to know the performance of FSK over FM in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER) for a given SNR. That got me thinking. When you send FSK through a SSB radio, it faithfully mixes the tones up to RF and you get FSK over the channel. The SSB radio just adds a frequency translation step. So we can model FSK like this:
However sending a FSK modem signal through a FM radio is very different:
FSK over FM is not FSK when you look at the over the air waveform. The spectrum is no longer two tones bouncing back and forth. So what is it?
I wrote a simulation called fsk.m to find out. This involved building up a FSK modem, and an analog FM radio simulation. The modem took me only a few hours but I was struggling with the analog FM simulation for a week! In particular making my FM demodulator get the same results as the theory. FM is a bit old school for me, so I had to hit the ARRL handbook and do a bit of research.
FSK Modem
It's a BEL202 simulation (as used for the APRS physical layer); 1200/2200 Hz tones, 1200 bit/s. I'm using the integrate and dump demodulation method and it matches the theoretical curves for non-coherent BFSK. Here is the FSK modem in action. First the FSK time domain signal and spectrum. The spectrum is a bunch of energy between 1200 and 2200 Hz. Makes sense as the modulator keeps moving back and forth between those two frequencies.
The next figure shows the sames signals with a 10dB SNR. Although the time domain signal looks bad, it actually has a BER one error in every 1000 bits (1E-3). The reason it looks so bad is that in the time domain we are seeing the noise from the entire bandwidth (our sample rate is Fs=96kHz). The demod effectively filters most of that out.
This next plot shows the output from the 1200 and 2200Hz integrators in the FSK demodulator for the 10dB SNR case. The height measures the energy of the tone during that bit period. As we would expect, they are mirror images. When one detects a large amount of energy, the other detects a small amount of the other tone.
Analog FM
The next step was to build a simulation of the modulator and demodulator in an analog FM radio. I wrote some code to test the input Carrier to Noise Ratio (CNR) versus output SNR. The test signal was a 1000 Hz tone, and the modulator had a maximum deviation of 5kHz, and a maximum input audio frequency of 3 kHz. After the demodulator I notched out the 1000 Hz tone so I could measure the noise power, the input to the notch filter was signal plus noise.
Here is the spectrum at the FM demodulator input for a 1000 Hz test tone:
The top plot is the tx signal centred on a 24 kHz carrier, in the bottom plot it has been mixed down to baseband and filtered. The FM signal is 16 kHz wide, as per Carsons rule. Here is the output of the FM demodulator:
At the top is a nice sine wave, and the bottom also shows the sine wave. You can see the effect of the output 3kHz low pass filter used to limit the noise bandwidth of the demod output.
When tested over a range of CNR inputs, I achieved output SNRs (red) in line with the text books (green):
At about 9dB the demodulator falls away from theory as the FM demodulator falls over, this is pretty typical. The theoretical model I have used is only valid above this 9dB threshold. You often hear this threshold effect in FM. The blue line is SSB for comparison. Over a certain threshold FM does quite a bit better in terms of output SNR for the same input CNR.
FSK over FM
OK so lets combine the simulations and look at the BER performance:
Oh dear. If my simulations are accurate, it appears FSK over FM is a lemon. About 7dB worse than regular FSK for the same BER. So using a FSK modem over a SSB radio would allow you to use 7dB less power than running the same modem through a FM radio. Coherent PSK is 3dB better again that FSK so that would get you a 10dB improvement. Simple FSK or PSK transmitters are easy to build too, and needing 7-10dB less output power would simplify them again (e.g. 100mW versus 1W).
Here is the spectrum at the FM demodulator input when sending FSK:
Note the FM spectrum looks nothing like regular FSK "over the air", which looks like this:
So What went Wrong?
Given the plot of analog FM performance (say compared to SSB) above I had expected better results from FSK over FM.
I think I know where the problem lies. The input CNR is a measure of carrier power to noise power in the input bandwidth of the demodulator. Another way of looking at the VHF channel noise is a "floor", which can be modelled as the average noise power per 1 Hz of bandwidth, called No.
So the Universe has given us a fixed "noise floor", which will be the same for any modem. The FM demod input bandwidth is much wider, so it's sucking up much more noise from the channel, which the poor demodulator has to deal with.
Lets plot the analog FM demod performance again, this time against C/No rather than C/N:
This takes into account the noise bandwidth, everything is "normalised" to the noise floor. When the C/No is beneath 48dB SSB looks much better. We can see a 7dB improvement over FM at low C/No values. This also explains why the microwave guys prefer SSB for their long shots.
Here is the BER curve scaled for C/No:
It appears the key to good modem performance is the RF bandwidth of the signal. Given a constant noise floor No, the signal bandwidth sets the total noise power N=NoB the demodulator has to deal with.
This has put me off the idea of a FreeDV VHF mode based on BEL202 FSK through legacy FM radios. I'd really like to come up with a mode that has sparkling BER versus SNR performance. I haven't spent years making Codec 2 operate at low bit rates just to throw those gains away in the modem!
Couple of ways forward:
- Take a look at GMSK.
- Consider developing a version of the SM1000 into an (open source) VHF SDR radio that can do PSK. Not as crazy as it seems. We are already planning a HF SDR version. Radio hardware is getting simple now the signal processing is all moving to software. We can make the modem so efficient that the PA can be modest (100s of mW).
- Dream up waveforms that can pass through legacy FM radios and have a low over-the air bandwidth. For example FSK that shifts between 300 and 400 Hz. In the past I've dreamed up new Codec 2 modes (1300 and 450 bit/s) to suit the properties of HF channels. So why not design a modem waveform to suit us? Go open source!
- Cop the performance hit and use BEL202 FSK. It might still be useful to use legacy FM radios for DV even with a 7dB loss in modem performance. It seems to work fine for APRS. If your C/No is high (as is often the case) then FSK over FM will have zero errors.
Andrew Pollock: [life] Day 317: Doctor again, final Tumble Tastics, a good deed and general fun
Zoe slept solidly until 6:48am. It was overcast and cooler, so I dare say that helped. Uninterrupted sleep is always nice. We had a nice snuggle in bed before we started the day.
First up, we had another doctor's appointment so the doctor could have another go at freezing off the wart on her hand. Despite some initial uncertainty, Zoe was much braver this time, and the doctor got to really hit it this time. Zoe was very proud of herself.
After the obligatory Freddo Frog for bravery, we headed home via the Valley to clear my PO box.
After a little bit of TV, we scootered to Tumble Tastics for her final class.
Tumble Tastics has been really great for Zoe. Zoe's always enjoyed gymnastics, and has definitely enjoyed this. She was very fond of Mr Fletcher, her teacher (she seems to really like male teachers) and especially loved the rope swing they had in the classroom. I was personally impressed by the theme that they did each week, and their ability to keep the activities in the relatively small room fresh and varied each week. They use the limited space that they have quite effectively. The fact that it was an easy distance from home was a bonus.
On our way back home, we discovered a stray dog on the side of Hawthorne Road. I checked its collar, and it had a mobile phone number on it, so I gave it a call. It turned out the owner was down at the supermarket, and his wife was at home with a baby, so I offered to return the dog for him.
It was only about a 500 metre walk, but it was very back-breaking, as the dog was pretty dumb and wouldn't follow us, so I head to lead it by the collar all the way, which involved me having to walk bent over all the way. Zoe wanted to help, but he was a bit to big and heavy for her to lead.
He was an interesting cross-breed. He had the markings of a blue heeler, but the head and general body shape of a terrier of some sort.
Due to some ambiguous letterboxes, we ended up at the the wrong house (off by one) and this house had a black Siamese cat that emerged from a boat parked in the front yard when I knocked on the door. Of course the dog decided to chase off after the cat, and I thought all was lost at that point, but he came back after having chased the cat away.
We then proceeded to the right house, returned the dog and went home for a well earned lunch.
After lunch, we went for a walk in the rain to post a letter. Zoe had a great time puddle jumping in her rain boots. We also made an opportunistic Christmas present purchase, and then went home again.
We had an unplanned afternoon of silly play for a while, with lots of running around and tickles and laughter. It was nice. Our downstairs neighbour, Deana, popped up to hang out for a bit as well, which was nice.
Zoe watched a bit of TV after that, and then Sarah arrived to pick her up.
Glen Turner: USB product IDs for documentation - success
In a previous posting I reported a lack of success when enquiring of the USB Implementors' Forum if a Vendor ID had been reserved for documentation.
To recap my motivation, a Vendor ID -- or at least a range of Product IDs -- is desirable to:
Avoid defamation, such as using a real VID:PID to illustrate a "workaround", which carries the implication that the product is less-than-perfect. Furthermore, failing to check if a VID:PID has actually been used is "reckless defamation".
Avoid consumer law, such as using a real VID:PID to illustrate a a configuration for a video camera, when in fact the product is a mouse.
Avoid improper operation, as may occur if a user cuts-and-pastes an illustrative example and that effects a real device.
Avoid trademark infringment.
For these reasons other registries of numbers often reserve entries for documentation: DNS names, IPv4 addresses, IPv6 addresses.Allocation of 256 Product IDs, thanks to OpenMoko
OpenMoko has been generous enough to reserve a range of Product IDs for use by documentation:
0x1d50:0x5200 through to 0x1d50:0x52ff
Note carefully that other Product IDs within Vendor ID 0x1d50 are allocated to actual physical USB devices. Only the Product IDs 0x1d50:0x5200 through to 0x1d50:0x52ff are reserved for use by documentation.
My deep thanks to OpenMoko and Harald Welte.Application form
The application form submitted to OpenMoko read:
a name and short description of your usb device project
Documentation concerning the configuration of USB buses and devices.
For example, documentation showing configuration techniques for Linux's udev rules.
The meaning of "documentation" shall not extend to actual configuration of a actual device. It is constrained to showing methods for configuration. If an VID:PID for an actual device is required then these can be obtained from elsewhere.
OpenMoko will not assign these "Documentation PIDs" to any actual device, now or forever.
Operating systems may refuse to accept devices with these "documentation VID:PIDs". Operating systems may refuse to accept configuration which uses these "documentation VID:PIDs".
the license under which you are releasing the hardware and/or software/firmware of the device
The documentation may use any license. Restricting use to only free documentation is problematic: the definition of "free" for documents is controversial; and it would be better if the PID:VIDs were well known and widely used by all authors of technical documentation.
a link to the project website and/or source code repository, if any
Nil, one can be created if this is felt to be necessary (eg, to publicise the allocation).
if you need multiple Product IDs, please indicate + explain this at the first message, rather than applying for a second ID later
Approximately 10.
Andrew Pollock: [life] Day 316: Bike riding play date and picnic
Zoe woke up at around 1:30am. I think the fact that her nightlight had gotten unplugged didn't help matters, and despite fixing that up, she jumped into bed with me at 1:50am.
We had a slow start to the day, but that said, I did manage to bake a batch of mince pies and make pastry for a quiche before we headed out at 9:30am, so it wasn't an unproductive morning.
I'd organised with Kelley to have a bike riding play date with Chloe at the Minnippi Parklands. I figured that since Chloe can already ride a bike, it might encourage Zoe.
It was a pretty hot morning, and not a lot of attempted bike riding happened before Zoe had had enough. No major breakthroughs happened, but it was very handy having a second adult. I think I need to put Zoe's bike seat up, as she's grown a bit since she first started trying to learn.
After we gave up on the bikes, the girls went and played on the pretend aeroplane and air traffic control tower for the rest of the morning, and we watched a storm roll in.
By early afternoon, the storm was looking a bit ominous, and Kelley had to be back at school, so we dropped them back home, and Zoe played for a bit at Chloe's place before we headed home to get ready for swim class.
In the mean time, the storm hit and appeared to pass, so we drove to swim class, but there was still lightning around, so swim class was canceled.
We headed back home so I could finish making dinner. Zoe was pretty tired from the day's activities, so I'm hoping she has a good sleep tonight.
Andrew Pollock: [life] Day 315: End of Kindergarten
Well, the day finally arrived. Zoe graduated from Kindergarten.
I started the morning failing to go for a run again. I should just give up until after Summer I think. I had my chiropractic adjustment and did some blogging, before heading out to Zoe's Kindergarten for their farewell morning tea.
The morning tea was nice, and we were free to take our kids home afterwards, so we were out of there by about midday.
The Kindergarten year feels like it's flown by so quickly. I've been really happy with the Seven Hills C&K. I'm grateful my friend Kim told me about C&K while there was still time to get Zoe a place, and that I've been able to have the year off to allow her to go. I think it's definitely a better environment than long day care. The transition statement, which I guess can best be described as an exit report card for Zoe was absolutely lovely. Time will tell, but I think it has prepared her well for Prep next year.
It was also great to be able to serve on the Kindergarten's Parent Advisory Group committee this year. That gave some insight into how the Kindergarten, and C&K in general operate.
Seven weeks of school holidays lie ahead of us, which I'm sure will fly by pretty quickly.
Megan came over with her Mum in the afternoon for a play date, and I prepared some more mince pies.
Zoe and I went out for dinner with my cousin, Renata, to celebrate Zoe's graduation from Kindergarten and we had a nice dinner out.
David Rowe: SM1000 Part 9 – First Betas
Edwin and his team at Dragino have hand assembled the first two SM1000 Beta units in Shenzhen. I'm working with him to perform some initial tests while we wait a few days for the prototype enclosures to be made. Then Rick and I will both get a SM1000 shipped to us for testing. We've found a few little issues so far which we will correct before the Qty 100 beta run later this month.
Stewart Smith: skiboot-4.1
I just posted this to the mailing list, but I've tagged skiboot-4.1, so we have another release! There's a good amount of changes since 4.0 nearly a month ago and this is the second release since we hit github back in July.
For the full set of changes, "git log" is your friend, but a summary of them follows:
- We now build with -fstack-protector and -Werror
- Stack checking extensions when built with STACK_CHECK=1
- Reduced stack usage in some areas, -Wstack-usage=1024 now.
- Some functions could use 2kb stack, now all are <1kb
- Unsafe libc functions such as sprintf() have been removed
- Symbolic backtraces
- expose skiboot symbol map to OS (via device-tree)
- removed machine check interrupt patching in OPAL
- occ/hbrt: Call stopOCC() for implementing reset OCC command from FSP
- occ: Fix the low level ACK message sent to FSP on receiving {RESET/LOAD}_OCC
- hardening to errors of various FSP code
- fsp: Avoid NULL dereference in case of invalid class_resp bits
- abort if device tree parsing fails
- FSP: Validate fsp_msg in fsp_queue_msg
- fsp-elog: Add various NULL checks
- Finessing of when to use error log vs prerror()
- More i2c work
- Can now run under Mambo simulator (see external/mambo/skiboot.tcl) (commonly known as "POWER8 Functional Simulator")
- Document skiboot versioning scheme
- opal: Handle more TFAC errors.
- TB_RESIDUE_ERR, FW_CONTROL_ERR and CHIP_TOD_PARITY_ERR
- ipmi: populate FRU data
- rtc: Add a generic rtc cache
- ipmi/rtc: use generic cache
- Error Logging backend for bmc based machines
- PSI: Drive link down on HIR
- occ: Fix clearing of OCC interrupt on remote fix
So, who worked on this release? We had 84 csets from 17 developers. A total of 3271 lines were added, 1314 removed (delta 1957).Developers with the most changesets Stewart Smith 24 28.6% Benjamin Herrenschmidt 17 20.2% Alistair Popple 8 9.5% Vasant Hegde 6 7.1% Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli 5 6.0% Neelesh Gupta 4 4.8% Mahesh Salgaonkar 4 4.8% Cédric Le Goater 3 3.6% Wei Yang 3 3.6% Anshuman Khandual 2 2.4% Shilpasri G Bhat 2 2.4% Ryan Grimm 1 1.2% Anton Blanchard 1 1.2% Shreyas B. Prabhu 1 1.2% Joel Stanley 1 1.2% Vaidyanathan Srinivasan 1 1.2% Dan Streetman 1 1.2% Developers with the most changed lines Benjamin Herrenschmidt 1290 35.1% Alistair Popple 963 26.2% Stewart Smith 344 9.4% Mahesh Salgaonkar 308 8.4% Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli 198 5.4% Neelesh Gupta 186 5.1% Vasant Hegde 122 3.3% Shilpasri G Bhat 39 1.1% Vaidyanathan Srinivasan 24 0.7% Joel Stanley 21 0.6% Wei Yang 20 0.5% Anshuman Khandual 15 0.4% Cédric Le Goater 12 0.3% Shreyas B. Prabhu 9 0.2% Ryan Grimm 3 0.1% Anton Blanchard 2 0.1% Dan Streetman 2 0.1% Developers with the most lines removed Mahesh Salgaonkar 287 21.8% Developers with the most signoffs (total 54) Stewart Smith 44 81.5% Vasant Hegde 4 7.4% Benjamin Herrenschmidt 4 7.4% Vaidyanathan Srinivasan 2 3.7% Developers with the most reviews (total 2) Vasant Hegde 2 100.0%
linux.conf.au News: Keynote Speaker - Bob Young
The LCA 2015 team are honoured to announce our third Keynote speaker - Bob Young, founder and chairman of Lulu.com, co-founder of Red Hat and the Center for Public Domain.
Bob's presentation is scheduled for 09:00 am Wednesday, 14 January 2015
Bob Young is the founder and chairman of Lulu.com, a premiere international marketplace for new digital content on the Internet, with more than 300,000 recently published titles and more than 15,000 new creators from 80 different countries joining each week.
Lulu.com, founded in 2002, is Young's most recent endeavour. The success of this company has earned Young notable recognition; he was named one of the "Top 50 Agenda-Setters in the Technology Industry in 2006" and was ranked as the fourth "Top Entrepreneur for 2006," both by Silicon.com.
In 1993, Young co-founded Red Hat (NYSE: RHT), the open-source software company that gives hardware and software vendors a standard platform on which to certify their technology. Red Hat is a Fortune 500 company and chief rival to Microsoft. His success at Red Hat won him industry accolades, including nomination as one of Business Week's "Top Entrepreneurs" in 1999
Before founding Red Hat, Young spent 20 years at the helm of two computer-leasing companies that he founded. His experiences as a high tech entrepreneur combined with his innate marketing savvy led to Red Hat's success. His book, "Under the Radar", chronicles how Red Hat's open source strategy successfully won wide industry acceptance in a market previously dominated by proprietary binary-only systems. Young has also imparted the lessons learned from his entrepreneurial experiences through his contributions to the books to "You've GOT to Read This Book!" and "Chicken Soup for the Entrepreneur's Soul."
In 2000, Young co-founded the Center for Public Domain, a non-profit foundation created to bolster healthy conversation of intellectual property, patent and copyright law, and the management of the public domain for the common good. Grant recipients included the Electronic Frontier Foundation, the Creative Commons, the Free Software Foundation, and the Future of Music Coalition.
In addition to enjoying fly fishing, Young collects calculators and antique typewriters, a nod to his beginnings as a typewriter salesman and can usually be found sporting a pair of red socks. However, instead of red on his head, Young now tips his orange hat.
The LCA 2015 Auckland Team
Andrew Pollock: [life] Day 314: Kindergarten, startup stuff
I wanted to start the day with a run, but like so many mornings before this one, I just couldn't be bothered. I've really fallen out of the habit.
Instead, I managed to knock over another unit of my real estate licence course by 9:30am. It turned out to be a short and sweet unit, which was great. I'm happy to be down to only four units to go by the end of Kindergarten. It's not the highly optimistic progress that I'd hoped, but being down to the last quarter of the course is still a nice milestone to go into the school holidays at.
To atone for my lack of running, I ended up wandering all over the neighbourhood instead. First in one direction to drop a dish back to Kelley, then in another direction to the post office to mail off the assessment, and then back the other way again to put a brochure in a prospect's mailbox. Google Fit was very happy with me.
After doing a bunch of random stuff at home, I caught a bus into the city for a lunch meeting, and then a taxi home in time to pick Zoe up from Kindergarten.
We popped out to Bunnings to pick up a tap timer for the common area gardens, and then got home before the storm of the day hit.
I did a spot of baking for Zoe's Kindergarten end of year morning tea, and Sarah arrived to pick Zoe up.
The storm didn't really produce much other than a spectacular light show. I haven't seen so much lightning since being back in Brisbane, and it was very impressive. I did miss a good electrical storm living in California...
I closed out the day with a nice yoga class.
Linux Users of Victoria (LUV) Announce: LUV Beginners December Meeting: SUSE Linux
RMIT Building 91, 110 Victoria Street, Carlton SouthLink: http://luv.asn.au/meetings/map
Terry Kemp will demonstrate installation and provide an overview of Open SUSE 13.2 and if time allows an overview of SUSE Studio.
Terry is a member of LUV and long-time Linux user from the early days of Slackware -- until one day he saw at a LUV install fest at MLC an install of SUSE, which he has been using since. He was on the committee of the Melbourne PC Users Group and convenor of their Linux and Open Souce SIG.
LUV would like to acknowledge Red Hat for their help in obtaining the Buzzard Lecture Theatre venue and VPAC for hosting.
Linux Users of Victoria Inc., is an incorporated association, registration number A0040056C.December 20, 2014 - 12:30
Andrew Pollock: [life] Day 313: Kindergarten, errands and podiatrist
I had a pretty busy morning. Zoe woke up around 12:45am complaining about a sore foot or something. I never quite got to the bottom of it, but I resettled her and got her back to sleep.
She then woke up at 6am for the day, and we managed to breeze through the morning super easily (for a change), with enough time for me to put laundry away and pump up the bike tyres and still arrive at Kindergarten right on opening time. It was all rather amazing.
The Kindergarten director asked me if I happened to have 40 CD sleeves "because I was a computer person", so I offered to go pick some up for her.
I biked back home, and fixed up one of my real estate licence course units that I had to resubmit due to a couple of mistakes, and then headed out in the car.
I debated going to OfficeWorks, which would have resulted in more back and forth, or trying K Mart at Cannon Hill. I ended up going for K Mart, and they didn't have any. Neither did Dick Smith or the post office. I got lucky at one of the cheap shops, and managed to get a pack of 100. I did manage to pick up some cheap plain t-shirts for Zoe to wear under her sun dresses to protect her shoulders, so it wasn't a completely wasted trip.
I dropped the sleeves back into the Kindergarten, and then mailed off the corrected coursework and headed back home.
There was another storm looming at around pick up time, so I drove back to Kindergarten. They've already started end of year clean up stuff, and they've taken down all the stuff from this year from the walls, and the Kindergarten looks shocking stark now.
My health insurance covers podiatry, so I figured I might as well get Zoe checked out before we buy school shoes. I'd made an appointment for 3pm at the myFootDr headquarters over in Camp Hill, where my neighbour Meg happens to work.
Zoe was initially not keen on going, but once we got there, she was fine. They were running a bit behind, so we watched some TV in the waiting room. After watching Wild Vets, Zoe's decided she doesn't want to be a vet any more.
We had a really nice podiatrist, and Zoe was very comfortable with her, and happy to go through the examination. The podiatrist was very impressed with Zoe's physical abilities and general balance, and said she was well ahead of her milestones, which was pretty impressive. I chalk that up to all of the varied physical activities she's done this year.
She said normally she wouldn't try and put a 4 and a half year old on the treadmill for video gait analysis, but given how good Zoe had been, she gave it a shot. Zoe did fine.
I'm really glad that I took her to the podiatrist, because I got some good general advice about what to expect with Zoe's growth given her body shape, and we bought a more appropriate shoe type for her foot than I'd have otherwise bought at the uniform shop. I also got a pair of running shoes for her as well. Zoe had heaps of fun to boot.
The storm hit while we were there, but fortunately there was no hail in it. It had mostly receded by the time we left. We popped in to the post office on the way home, and then the weather turned a bit foul again, and we timed it just right to pick up Anshu from the ferry terminal on the way home.
Sarah arrived not long after that to pick Zoe up.
Andrew Pollock: [tech] A geek Dad goes to Kindergarten with a box full of Open Source and some vegetables
Zoe's Kindergarten encourages parents to come in and spend some time with the kids. I've heard reports of other parents coming in and doing baking with the kids or other activities at various times throughout the year.
Zoe and I had both wanted me to come in for something, but it had taken me until the last few weeks of the year to get my act together and do something.
I'd thought about coming in and doing some baking, but that seemed rather done to death already, and it's not like baking is really my thing, so I thought I'd do something technological. I just wracked my brains for something low effort and Kindergarten-age friendly.
The Kindergarten has a couple of eduss touch screens. They're just some sort of large-screen with a bunch of inputs and outputs on them. I think the Kindergarten mostly uses them for showing DVDs and hooking up a laptop and possibly doing something interactive on them.
As they had HDMI input, and my Raspberry Pi had HDMI output, it seemed like a no-brainer to do something using the Raspberry Pi. I also thought hooking up the MaKey MaKey to it would make for a more fun experience. I just needed to actually have it all do something, and that's where I hit a bit of a creative brick wall.
I thought I'd just hack something together where based on different inputs on the MaKey MaKey, a picture would get displayed and a sound played. Nothing fancy at all. I really struggled to get a picture displayed full screen in a time efficient manner. My Pi was running Raspbian, so it was relatively simple to configure LightDM to auto-login and auto-start something. I used triggerhappy to invoke a shell script, which took care of playing a sound and an image.
Playing a sound was easy. Displaying an image less so, especially if I wanted the image loaded fast. I really wanted to avoid having to execute an image viewer every time an input fired, because that would be just way too slow. I thought I'd found a suitable application in Geeqie, because it supported being out of band managed, but it's problem was it also responded to the inputs from the MaKey MaKey, so it became impossible to predictably display the right image with the right input.
So the night before I was supposed to go to Kindergarten, I was up beating my head against it, and decided to scrap it and go back to the drawing board. I was looking around for a Kindergarten-friendly game that used just the arrow keys, and I remembered the trusty old Frozen Bubble.
This ended up being absolutely perfect. It had enough flags to control automatic startup, so I could kick it straight into a dumbed-down full screen 1 player game (--fullscreen --solo --no-time-limit)
The kids absolutely loved it. They were cycled through in groups of four and all took turns having a little play. I brought a couple of heads of broccoli, a zucchini and a potato with me. I started out using the two broccoli as left and right and the zucchini to fire, but as it turns out, not all the kids were as good with the "left" and "right" as Zoe, so I swapped one of the broccoli for a potato and that made things a bit less ambiguous.
The responses from the kids were varied. Quite a few clearly had their minds blown and wanted to know how the broccoli was controlling something on the screen. Not all of them got the hang of the game play, but a lot did. Some picked it up after having a play and then watching other kids play and then came back for a more successful second attempt. Some weren't even sure what a zucchini was.
Overall, it was a very successful activity, and I'm glad I switched to Frozen Bubble, because what I'd originally had wouldn't have held up to the way the kids were using it. There was a lot of long holding/touching of the vegetables, which would have fired hundreds of repeat events, and just totally overwhelmed triggerhappy. Quite a few kids wanted to pick up and hold the vegetables instead of just touch them to send an event. As it was, the Pi struggled to play Frozen Bubble enough as it was.
The other lesson I learned pretty quickly was that an aluminium BBQ tray worked a lot better as the grounding point for the MaKey MaKey than having to tether an anti-static strap around each kid's ankle as they sat down in front of the screen. Once I switched to the tray, I could rotate kids through the activity much faster.
I just wish I was a bit more creative, or there were more Kindergarten-friendly arrow-key driven Linux applications out there, but I was happy with what I managed to hack together with a fairly minimal amount of effort.
Andrew Pollock: [life] Day 310: Doctor, shopping, Tumble Tastics and a washed out Movies in the Park
Zoe slept solidly until 7am, which was lovely.
I'd made an appointment with Zoe's doctor to have some funny looking spots on her chest looked at. The spots were nothing, but the doctor decided to try and freeze the wart off Zoe's hand, which I hadn't been prepared for. Zoe was very brave about it though. The doctor wants to give it another hit in a week.
I've been wanting to get a portable shade tent for the beach for a while, and at BCF it's a seasonal item, so I had to wait for them to come into season. We headed over to BCF after the doctor.
BCF really is a poor cousin to REI. I miss REI. We did run into one of Zoe's Kindergarten teachers at BCF, so that was a bit of a treat for Zoe.
By the time we were done with that, it was getting close to time for Tumble Tastics, so we headed back home to get ready, and then Zoe wanted to go by car because it was hot.
We just chilled out at home after lunch, and I was watching the weather radar while debating the virtues of trying to go to the Hawthorne Markets and Councillor Shayne Sutton's last Movies in the Park night for the year. There was a pretty decent looking storm brewing.
In the end, I decided to wing it, and we headed off to the markets with umbrellas and blankets and camp chairs. I felt like a bit of a pack horse. As luck would have it, it started to rain a little bit half way there, and more earnestly once we arrived.
The upside was the line for free facepainting was non-existent, and Zoe also got to do some free craft activities without too much competition. Santa arrived not long after that.
The movie screening was moved inside the Morningside Panthers clubhouse, but the weather had turned most people away. There were probably only about 40 die hards that bothered to stick around.
The movie was Arthur Christmas, which wasn't something I was familiar with. It was pretty good though, if a little over Zoe's head. She enjoyed it nevertheless.
It was still raining lightly at the end of the movie, so we walked home with our umbrellas, and I got Zoe to bed.


text:
Court to rule on death sentence for neo-Nazi
The Supreme Court decided Monday it will take a new look at whether a neo-Nazi convicted of murdering three men in Ohio should be sentenced to death.
The justices said they will hear the state's plea to reinstate the death sentence for Frank Spisak in arguments scheduled for the fall.
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text:
BedandBreakfast.com Diamond Collection
Professionally Inspected & Certified
BedandBreakfast.com Diamond Collection
Open since 1979 and ideally located in the heart of beautiful Provincetown. Our historic Provincetown hotel features 8 luxurious rooms, 1 suite and 8 spacious apartment units. In-room amenities include tempurpedic mattresses, private balconies, fireplaces, jacuzzi tubs, steam baths, free Wi-Fi, TV's, DVD players, wet bar, and Keurig coffee makers. Guests delight in our complimentary made to order breakfast, served daily in the Great Room or our lush garden courtyard patio. Enjoy homemade cookies and refreshments every afternoon. Children and pets are always welcome in all ground floor units for an additional charge. Private nearby parking is available for $10 daily and we offer a free shuttle service from the Provincetown Airport or the Pier. Come experience our first class property, 24 hour front desk and service today!
Score Breakdown based on
606 Reviews
4.8 on September 28, 2014
We have stayed at many B&B Gabriel's is by far the best.
Innkeeper Response
Thank you for your stay with us. We are glad to hear that you have enjoyed your experience with us so much. We cannot wait to welcome you back.
5 on September 25, 2014
This was the 10th year for staying at the Provincetown Hotel at Gabriel's. They always treat me like family. Great rooms that are clean, and breakfast is always wonderful, from cereal to scrambled eggs with feta cheese, sausage and home fries and etc.. The staff is always friendly and courteous. I can't imagine staying anywhere else.
Innkeeper Response
We are glad to hear you are coming back to us over and over again. Thank you for the wonderful review. It always makes us happy to know that our guests are well attended to and want to come back again.
5 on July 25, 2014
I can not say enough about the stay i had here. The staff was very friendly and helpful with suggestions on things in the area. The rooms are clean and very comfortable. The food for breakfast was great and could not get a better meal any where else. I will definitely be staying here when I come back.I highly recommend staying here. I only hope that when i come back there will be a room available.
Innkeeper Response
Thank you for the kind review. We hope we will see you again as well. To make sure there is a room for you, please, book early.
5 on July 13, 2014
We stayed here for two nights with our two dogs and couldn't have asked for a better vacation. The suite we were in was gorgeous... it had a spa bathroom that looked like it came right out of a magazine! There was a window seat that our dogs loved because they could lay in the sun but still see all the comings and goings. The kitchen had everything we needed for lunch or dinner. The breakfasts provided were delicious and there were lots of choices. Everyone was so dog-friendly, stopping to chat about our pups and give us tips on where to go with them. The Portuguese festival was going on, so the park next door had a big tent in it, but there was still plenty of room to walk our dogs. Poop bags were provided everywhere. We took our dogs to Herring Cove Beach, which has plenty of dog-specific areas - the weather was gorgeous and we had a great time. This will be our go-to place in Provincetown from now on!
Innkeeper Response
We are glad to hear that you and your pets have enjoyed your stay at Gabriel's. We hope to see you back with us at The Provincetown Hotel at Gabriel's.
5 on July 09, 2014
Everyone was very helpful and went out of their way to make sure our stay was enjoyable. Christopher made sure we knew what not to miss while in town. We will definitely stay here again. Highly recommended.
Innkeeper Response
Thank you! We are proud of our impeccable room service and restaurant-like breakfasts. It always makes us happy to know that our guests are well attended to and want to come back again.
4.6 on July 07, 2014
We were lucky to secure a last minute reservation at the Provincetown Inn, which is not our usual resting place in P'town. We were thrilled from the moment we arrived late in the day. The welcome from Chris was very warm and next day when we appeared at breakfast everyone - the Elizabeths, Anna and Kay- all knew who we were. The friendliness is infectious and resulted in one of the happiest vacations we have know. We had a very generously proportioned suite - The Montgomery. We have never had so much space in P'town. This is a dog friendly property, even if you are a senior Labrador with no sense of humor about younger dogs! The breakfast is delicious, cooked to order and can be enjoyed in the Great Room, on the terrace or taken back to the room. A very memorable stay. Highly recommended.
Innkeeper Response
Next time make sure you book early. Thank you for the wonderful review. We indeed love your pets, and hope you stay with us in the future in one of our pet-friendly rooms.
5 on June 30, 2014
an amazing place to stay! will go back for sure. feel like home
Innkeeper Response
Thank you for the kind words. We hope we will see you staying with us in the future.
5 on June 22, 2014
What a lovely spot. The rooms and landscaping were so beautiful. The breakfast is not to be missed. Great location. Friendly and accommodating .
Innkeeper Response
Thank you for the kind review. We hope you can join us the next season or in winter to enjoy the extreme beauty of the gardens at this magical time of the year.
5 on June 19, 2014
Beatiful inside and out! Great friendly service, yummy breakfast cookwd with love!
Innkeeper Response
Thank you for the review. We are glad to hear that you enjoyed your experience with us. We hope to see you soon at the Provincetown Hotel at Gabriel's.
4.6 on June 17, 2014
We returned to Gabriel's for our 10 year wedding anniversary after Ptown was one of only 4 towns to go forward with gay marriage for out of state citizens in May of 2004! The Elizabeths have made amazing additions and improvements, and it was even better than before. Breakfast was amazing every day and we could tell their employees totally enjoy their work. We stayed in the Olivia suite and couldn't have asked for more comfort. We definitely recommend it! Julie and Shannon Lexington, KY
Innkeeper Response
Thank you for a gracious review. We are glad to hear that you enjoyed it so much. We hope to see you back with us at The Provincetown Hotel at Gabriel's.
Agatha Christie has two queen beds and is also the only room on the third floor. Agatha is spacious and has wonderful light from two skylights and windows. Although private to the room, the bath is down a set of old fashioned original New England stairs i.e. they are steep so if this is a concern, this unit is not for you.
Mary Oliver is one of our favorites in our main building . It is the perfect space any season with convenient access to the Great Room below. The balcony provides our best viewing spot of the courtyard, goldfish pond and Pilgrim Monument. High step over tub shower.
Completely renovated in 2014, George is a gem with a bit of British flair. Privately located on the second floor, George has two entrances, a private balcony over looking the park and gardens, fireplace, king sized bed, bathroom with skylight, single jacuzzi tub and a kitchenette.
Montgomery is a spacious apartment with two levels, cathedral ceilings and a semi private deck. With brilliant light from several skylights, this penthouse overlooks the park with a spectacular view of the Pilgrim Monumnet. Wood fireplace, queen sized bed, full kitchen, flat screen TV w/ DVD player, celing fan, self controlled heat and AC
Downtown, Oceanfront, Small town
Provincetown, MA (PVC) 3 miles
FROM NEW YORK Interstate 95 North to Providence. Take 195 East to 25 South (Cape Cod and the Islands). Follow signs for Rt. 6 East. FROM BOSTON Take Southeast Expressway 93 to Rt. 3 to Rt. 6. From Rt. 6 take second Provincetown exit. Turn Right onto Bradford Street. We are diagonally across the street from Town Hall in the center of town.
Antique Shopping, Art Galleries, Beach, Concert venue, Gourmet/Fine Dining, Historical interests, Lake, Live Music, Movie Theater, Museum, National/State parks, Nature area, Night life, Ocean, Whale watch trips, sunset cruises, fishing trips, parasailing, Outlet Stores, Performing Theater, Picnic area, Religious Services, Tours, Vineyard, Winery
Boutique Hotel
BBQ grill, Computer, Copier, Fax Machine, Library, TV Video games, Telephone, Videos, Wedding Facilities , Beach Chairs, Beach Towels, Beach Umbrellas, Bike Racks, Pet Amenities
Air conditioning, Alarm clock, Amenities Basket, Bath robes, Board games, CD player, Ceiling fans, Coffee/Tea facilities, DVD Player, Desk, Fireplace, Fridge, Hairdryer, Hot tub/whirlpool tub, Internet Service, Ironing Board, Microwave, Private entrance, Radio, Satellite/Cable TV, TV, Wet bar, Wi-Fi, Wired internet
Bicycle rental, Bicycle riding trails, Bird watching, Boating, Cross-country ski trails, Fishing, Golfing, Hiking trails, Hunting, Kayaking, Whale Watching, Claming, Yoga classes, Gym, Sailing, Shopping, Sight-seeing, Snow shoe trails, Swimming, Swimming pool, Tennis courts, Water sports
Elizabeth Gabriel Brooke
English, Spanish
Photography, Birdwatching, Ecotouring
Low fat , Restrictive , Vegetarian , Vegan and Raw Diet
Discover the Cape Cod National Seashore with Art's Dune Tours. Stay with us any two midweek nights October 1st to 25th or May 1st to 23rd and take a free one hour daytime dune tour for two through the Peaked Hill Bars Historic District sand dunes on the Provincetown Cape Cod National Seashore. Experience majestic dunes, wispy beach grass, dark green pine trees, red beach plums and historic dune shacks silhouetted against blue sky and endless ocean. Book online at our website or by phone. In the "notes" section include "ARTSDUNES SPECIAL". Note: Tours are based on availability and depart with a minimum of 4 people.


text:
User Reviews & Ratings - Levora 0.15/30 (28) Oral
Read user comments about the side effects, benefits, and effectiveness of Levora 0.15/30 (28) Oral.
Overall User Ratings61 Total User Reviews
User Reviews
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User Reviews
Reviewer: 19-24 Female on Treatment for 1 to 6 months (Patient)
Ease of Use
I have been on this pill for only a little over a month and I do not like it at all. My breasts are very sore, too sore to even touch and I'm always moody. Not to mention the discharge. My acne has also gotten worse and I have no desire to have sex at all. I do not recommend this birth control for anyone.
Reviewer: buffy, 25-34 Female on Treatment for 1 to 6 months (Patient)
Ease of Use
I have been miserable since starting this 3 mths ago. Bloated, moody, headaches, tired.. the list goes on.
found this review helpful.
Was this review helpful? Yes | No
Reviewer: 19-24 Female on Treatment for 1 to 6 months (Patient)
Ease of Use
I gained 20 pounds over the last 4 months on this pill, deffinately not happy
found this review helpful.
Was this review helpful? Yes | No
Reviewer: 25-34 Female on Treatment for 6 months to less than 1 year (Patient)
Ease of Use
I had no side effects at all. I went from having 7 day periods to 4 days. They also became more regular, and my super heavy days are now light days. I have been very sadisfied with this- much more than the Yaz that I was taking. Plus- no baies...always a perk!
Reviewer: 25-34 Female on Treatment for 1 to 6 months (Patient)
Ease of Use
I have used a couple other types of pills. This one is my least favorite. I am moody, bloated, my breasts are extremely sore and I have no desire to have sex. I have discharge that is so foul I have to shower 2-3 times a day. This pill is AWFUL.
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This one is a question I have asked myself several times, when creating Databases for PHP/MySQL web application.
In Mysql, what'd you recommend between Datetime and Timestamp and why?.
I prefer datetimes stored in the UTC timezone because it is not based on some arbitrary time period, is easier to read, and lends itself nicely to a variety of database date functions.
But I don't fuss over this... if I have to work on a project that uses timestamps, it doesn't bother me.


text:
Grandpappy Point Marina
Pottsboro, Texas
Sites: 44
Recent Rate: $20 1/1970
Latitude: 33.775476
Longitude: -96.564125
These reviews are the opinion of an RVParkReviews' member and not the views of RVParkReviews.com
Afterthought to a really large, really nice marina. Absolutely no reservations. No map
available at campsite after marina office closes. You just wander around in the dark and try to find a site you can fit in. Contrary to impression given by web page, less than 10 sites are full hookup, and they are randomly scattered throughout park. Odds are tent campers will be camped on the sewer sites. Most sites unlevel; roads are narrow and winding. One shower for entire park, and it is in one of two bathrooms. Eisenhower State Park or Preston Point COE park much nicer for the money. We camped at Grandpappy Point Marina in a Travel Trailer.
3 Ratings
Port Isabel, Texas
9 Ratings
Port O'Connor, Texas
1 Ratings
Port O'Connor, Texas
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Part Time Jobs in Beaumont, Kansas ( KS )
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the bible says turn the other cheek but what do you do if that one is harmed also?
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[quote:Anonymous Coward 17090286:MV8yMDQ0MjYxXzM0MzUyMjUwX0VGRUZGNTFF] [quote:skeptic 8198777:MV8yMDQ0MjYxXzM0MzUyMDg1XzI5QUZBQkIy] [quote:Chip:MV8yMDQ0MjYxXzM0MzUxODMwX0E2OTc3OEEw] [quote:skeptic 8198777:MV8yMDQ0MjYxXzM0MzUxNzEwXzlGRkQ1RDFG] [quote:Chip:MV8yMDQ0MjYxXzM0MzUxNTAzXzFDNkJFOThB] [quote:skeptic 8198777:MV8yMDQ0MjYxXzM0MzUxMzU0X0ZCRjVGNERF] [quote:Chip:MV8yMDQ0MjYxXzM0MzUwOTc3X0U1RTEyNTU1] [quote:skeptic 8198777:MV8yMDQ0MjYxXzM0MzQ5MDYwXzJEMjdEQzAy] :bsflag: Jesus (you know, the guy that your book talks about) gave himself up "unto death." How's that for fighting back? He even scolded Peter for Peter's cutting off of the centurion's ear while trying to protect jesus. So much for your "godly" argument. Your position is to boost your ego and justify to natural reaction to defend yourself--even though jesus specifically decried such a stance while he was being beaten to death. That's pretty much to whole concept of martyrdom summed up for 'ya. I can repeat it slower if you need me to do so... [/quote] You think your clever. However, Peter walked with Jesus daily with a sword on his hip. The portions of the bible to which you refer are regarding the sacrifice of Jesus himself; which had been foretold occur exactly as they did...Peter with his violent actions stood in the way of those prophetic scriptures, Jesus stopped him in order to allow the prophecy to be fulfilled. After walking with Jesus daily and following Jesus...do you really think Peter would have pulled the sword if defending yourself was against the scriptures? You dipshits that think you understand scripture without ever studying it seem like idiots every time you comment on the subject. [/quote] I have studied scripture, and your assesment of me that I am a "dipshit" really does wonders for solidifying your standing as a godly brother whose counsel is both wise and edifying. You fail and so do all phony christians who think they can rationalize the teachings of jesus according to their egotist sensibilities and their worldly philosophies. Until you lay down your life, you're not worthy of His. You can't do that in a faithless act of self-defense. If you act in self-defense, that's fine with me--I would too, and I would applaud anyone who did so. However, don't try to square such actions with christian doctrine, because it can't be done without compromising the words of jesus--that's how we KNOW that the teachings and philosophy of jesus are, by and large, symbolic of perfection while remaining out of reach to the fallen masses. [/quote] I disagree that anything I said is against anything Jesus taught (barring of course my dipshit comment). [b]You are assuming that we must live a life as Jesus lived in order to be part of the "body".[/b] That's complete and utter nonsense. The warrior mentality existed in Jesus by means of Joshua from the old testament. Read and learn. Jesus is "the living word". [/quote] No, I didn't say that. I'm saying that to truly follow the teachings of jesus, you have to lay down your life in the face of injustice just like jesus did. Look what it accomplished! What if Jesus had resorted to violence? What if the apostles had raided the synagogues and retaliated for the murder of their leader? Jesus himself NEVER took up arms or resorted to violence as a defense. In fact, each time prior to this when he was going to be seized, he snuck away and hid--even avoiding cities where he knew he was going to be thrown in jail. Some might even call this behavior cowardly, but that's what the gospels report that he did. Peter was just a man--fallen like every other person on the planet. If you follow Peter's example, then you're not following jesus' example. [/quote] I, as a man will never be like Jesus. That's a certainty I can rely on. The problem with today's Christians is not the things you mention...it's the fact that they have unrealistic expectations. For instance; being like Jesus, isn't ever gonna happen. Make the goal more realistic, be like Peter, worship God through Jesus and protect the innocent. [b]Your premise is off by about 2 shades and so is your comprehension.[/b] [/quote] You're just not getting it, and that's okay--it takes all kinds. If you're content being called a christian (implying that you're trying to live like christ) while openly letting everyone know that "it aint gonna happen so I'll just try to copy that other guy" then that's your business. However, a lack of understanding on your part does not constitute a lack of discernment on mine. Your argument does help elucidate the fact that the ideals and doctrines of the christian faith have always only been intended as an ideal for man to follow--not as the divine words that magically appeared verbatim in a bunch of imperfect dudes' heads and was passed to paper INCORRUPTIBLE. So, good job on that. [/quote] So you're saying I should try to resist my urge to react violently and instead of defend the weak try to help them hide? [/quote]
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Is there a specific passage that addresses that? I've been looking for one.
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text: http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/ 2008-07-16T03:25:00-05:00 Updates to Washington, DC, Metropolitan Area Drug Study (DC*MADS), 1991: Household and Non-Household Populations (ICPSR 2155) ICPSR email@example.com ICPSR http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/2155-2008-07-16T01:00:00-05:00 2008-07-16T01:00:00-05:00 2008-07-16T01:00:00-05:00 ICPSR 2155 was updated on 2008-07-16, please download updated files 2008-07-16 New files were added. These files included one or more of the following: Stata setup, SAS transport (CPORT), SPSS system, Stata system, SAS supplemental syntax, and Stata supplemental syntax files, and tab-delimited ASCII data file. The variable CASEID was added to the dataset. http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/2155-1998-11-19T01:00:00-05:00 1998-11-19T01:00:00-05:00 1998-11-19T01:00:00-05:00 ICPSR 2155 was updated on 1998-11-19, please download updated files 1998-11-19 The data file was reprocessed to eliminate duplicate records. Also, the SAS and SPSS data definition statements and codebook were edited due to a reversal in value labels for RACE. The correct labels are 1 = "White" and 2 = "Black". http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/2155-1998-04-20T12:00:00-05:00 1998-04-20T12:00:00-05:00 1998-04-20T12:00:00-05:00 ICPSR 2155 was originally relased on 1998-04-20. Original ICPSR release.


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Sonoma County Mountain Cottage Rentals(49)
49 Results
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Recent Sonoma County Reviews
Clean and comfortable cottage in wine country
Pine Street Cottage is a perfect little cottage with two cozy bedrooms and a large, well equipped kitchen. We even cooked a Thanksgiving dinner there, with the turkey on the Weber grill out on the patio! Spotlessly clean and well managed, the owner lives on the property and is surely one of the most helpful and friendly hosts we've ever known. A complimentary bottle of wine, also coffee, milk, butter, water, and many other supplies were fresh and plentiful. The beds are very comfortable, and we awoke each morning rested and ready to enjoy a walk around the perimeter of the ranch, appreciating the magnificent oaks as well as the birds and wildlife in the area. This was our second stay in the cottage. During this stay, we used the laundry facilities on the ranch, and found it clean and convenient. The ranch is very well located in the heart of wine country; there are vineyards everywhere that are both beautiful and fun to visit. We look forward to returning again soon.
This is a very nice rental in the heart of Sonoma County wine country
This cottage is perfectly suited for us, comfy, cozy, well stocked, everything we needed. All the important things in a VRBO were excellent, the bedding, the bath/shower (newly update), supplied kitchen, & ... WINE GLASSES. The property is beautiful and very quiet with a rich history. The old oak trees and all the birds are amazing. The proximity to fantastic restaurants is amazing for example, Glenn Ellen Inn, Glenn Ellen Star, Citti, and many in Sonoma. Also, the kitchen has everything for preparing any meal (except a cheese grater! :)) although we only did breakfasts. We spent five days over Christmas and this place helped us have the best Christmas break ever! Thanks so much to Judy and David for their gracious assistance and hospitality. Thanks for the bottle of Chardonnay, yum! When we're back to Sonoma, we'll schedule it around the availability of this cottage.
Winter Creek Cottage
Excellent house in a beautiful location. Not far from the square and many of the wineries in Sonoma and Vally of the Moon.


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That's right, even us lowly old framebuilders need a vacation every now and then. So Loretta and I are leaving tomorrow for 11 days. We'll be back to work on the 23rd.
Strong Frames is focused on attention to the individual, incredible customer service and designing and producing fine custom bicycles.
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Al Ghurair Rayhaan by Rotana
7.6 / 10
This is what awaits you:
Parking spaces at the hotel
Newspaper in every room
Hotel location
|City district
|1.2 km/0.7 mi
|5.11 km/3.2 mi
|no details
|0.3 km/0.2 mi
Hotel description Al Ghurair Rayhaan by Rotana
We would like to happily welcome you to the Al Ghurair Rayhaan by Rotana. As a member of the Rotana Hotels family, the Al Ghurair Rayhaan by Rotana is part of a network dedicated to providing you with total satisfaction with your accommodation. Luxury Hotels abound, but the Al Ghurair Rayhaan by Rotana is a great choice to fulfill all of your needs and expectations. Book with us and find out! It's the most important meal of the day, so be sure to make use of our daily breakfast service when you stay with us.
Free and paid parking is available at our hotel.
Make yourself at home
Feel free to contact our helpful reception staff around the clock, e.g. for arranging a friendly wake-up service. Access to the upper floors is made easy by our elevator. You can lounge about in the hotel's library during your stay.
We welcome you to our high-quality eatery.
Where you will stay
Connection to the internet as well as an air conditioning system are available in each room. Your room is equipped with a desk. For some in-room entertainment simply switch on the TV set and enjoy your favourite channels. The rooms at the hotel feature satellite TV. Features, like a kettle (for making a cup of coffee in the morning) and a strong box, are offered in each hotel room.
After you get out of your bathroom's shower slip into one of our complimentary robes. The hotel bathrooms also include a blow-dryer.
Relax or be active
Our outdoor swimming pool offers a great opportunity to keep fit. Take advantage of the sauna. A steam room can also be used. Our guests are invited to use the modern fitness room.
Our hotel offers beauty treatments for all its visitors. After a busy day relax with a massage in our homey hotel.
Further information on the hotel
PS: from 25.06.2013 :Please be informed that Dubai Police has recently issued a new guideline which consists that only the following IDs are valid for guests checking in: • UAE National ID (for UAE Citizens and Residents) • Passport (for all guests) In line of the above, this means that a UAE driving license is no longer acceptable, taking into consideration that all citizens and residents should now have a valid UAE National ID and should use it upon checking in. In case of the UAE National ID is not available (on process, renewal,…), the passport should be used instead. please note: Your stay is subject to Dubai Tourism Dirham Fee being AED 20 per bedroom per night. This amount is not included in the rate and will be added at the time of check out.
Reception hours
Every day 24 hours
Check-in time:14:00
Check-out time:12:00
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Omar Bin Al Khattab Street, . Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Distances (km)
|Congress center
|Tennis court
|City district (Dubai )
|Station (Union Metro Station)
|Airport (Dubai International Airport (DXB))
|Airport (Sharjah International Airport (SHJ))
|Airport (Ras Al Khaimah International Airport (RKT))
To reach the hotel
Starting point:Union Metro Station A 1 Stop ID: UMSA1 Walk to Omar Bin Al Khattab Rd About 4 mins (300 m) Omar Bin Al Khattab Rd Driving directions to Omar Bin Al Khattab Road 1. Merge onto Al Maktoum... more
For HOTEL INFO guests
Newspaper in every room
Parking spaces at the hotel
Hotel features
- Single rooms: 120
- Double rooms: 90
- Suites: 10
- Twin rooms: 30
- No pets allowed
- Shoe-polishing machine
- Swimming pool (outdoor)
- Laundry service
- Lift
- Hotel's own parking spaces
- Hotel foyer with video surveillance
- Fire detector
- Entrances with video surveillance
- Designated parking place for the disabled
- Air conditioning in public places
- Barrier-free
- Lobby
- Sprinkler system
- Smoke alarm
- Hallways with video surveillance
- Business Centre
- Parking places with security personnel making their rounds
Room features
- Desk
- Telephone
- Safe
- Sprinkler system
- Noise-protected windows
- Smoke alarm
- Satellite TV
- Bathrobe
- Mini bar
- Lounge
- Shower
- Hairdryer
- Café/Bistro
- Restaurant
Sport/leisure activities
- Fitness studio (fee applies)
Accepted credit card payments
- DinersClub
- Visa
- MasterCard
- AmericanExpress