text:
Welcome to The Motley Fool UK! These Terms and Conditions are an agreement between you (and presumably you know who you are) and The Motley Fool Limited ("The Motley Fool," "The Fool," "we," or "us.") By using our services, you are agreeing to be bound by all of these terms and conditions. We may change these terms at any time, but we will post a notice on this website of any material changes. Your continued use of The Motley Fool means that you accept any new or modified terms.
Please note that if you use or subscribe to our premium products and services such as Champion Shares PRO, Share Advisor, or our Share Dealing service, you may be subject to additional terms and conditions. Please refer to those products' specific rules for guidance.
By registering, you certify that all information you provide in the registration is accurate. Users may only maintain one active registration. In other words, it's one registration per person. By accepting this agreement, you certify that you have no other registration with The Motley Fool.
You must have a valid email registered with us at all times. If an email that we send to you should bounce for some reason, your account may be temporarily suspended until you contact us with a verifiable address.
As a registered user, you can change your password at any time and your user name up to three times in a calendar year. Also, if you forget your password, please go to our Forgot your password? page and we'll send you a link that will let you set a new one. If this doesn't help, you can contact us at the e-mail address given on that page.
Back to top
The Motley Fool champions active and open debate among our members. All that we ask is that it's done in a lawful and civil manner – be it posting on our boards or using our system to email another user directly. Accordingly, you agree to use The Motley Fool and CAPS-UK for lawful and non-professional purposes only. You may not use, or allow others to use, your Fool membership to:
Unauthorized access of our sites is a breach of these Terms and Conditions and a violation of the law. You agree not to access our sites by any means other than the interfaces we provide for use in accessing them.
While we can't review all transmissions by our users, the Fool reserves the right to monitor any information transmitted or received through our services. The Fool, at its sole discretion and without prior notice, may at any time review, remove, or otherwise block any post or terminate your membership for violating the above provisions or otherwise taking any action considered disruptive to the Fool's service or operations.
We also have the right, but not the obligation, to remove, without notice, any individual CAPS-UK picks, delete any CAPS-UK players, remove any CAPS-UK scorecards, remove any comments or pitches, or take any action against a user for violating the above rules or otherwise taking any action considered disruptive to the CAPS-UK service or operations.
You are responsible for all statements made and acts that occur through the use of your membership and password. So, please don't disclose your password to anybody. If your password has been stolen, you must let us know by contacting Customer Service, at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Please note that any information you enter on our websites (such as when you register or purchase something from us, or when you participate in CAPS-UK) will be transferred outside the European Economic Area and to the United States of America for the purposes of processing and maintenance. By submitting your information to us, you expressly consent to this transfer. For more information on our privacy practices, and to view the terms under which all personal data is maintained, please review our Privacy Statement, which is incorporated into these Terms and Conditions by reference.
Except as expressly provided in this Agreement, all of the content on this site is the property of The Motley Fool and is protected by UK and international copyright laws. "Content" means any information, mode of expression, or other material and services found on The Motley Fool. This includes discussion boards, CAPS-UK, chat, software, our writings, graphics and any and all other features found on the site. Our content is intended for individual, personal use only. Accordingly, you may make one copy of our content for your personal, non-commercial use, provided that any material copied remains intact and includes the following notice:
"Copyright The Motley Fool. Any other copying, distribution, storing or transmission of any kind, or any sort of commercial use of our content is strictly prohibited without our prior written permission."
CAPS-UK provides ratings and scores for both other members and for shares. These ratings and scores are not endorsements or recommendations - rather, they are aggregations of the sentiment of CAPS participants. The opinions and predictions that people express in CAPS-UK are their own and do not reflect those of The Motley Fool.
The Motley Fool offers no opinion on the individual CAPS-UK members or the shares they rate and/or write about. Members are rated based solely on their past results, so that their current predictions are weighted for their past record. No member or share ratings scores constitute an endorsement by The Motley Fool. Such data also do not constitute a recommendation or endorsement that a particular security or action is suitable for you, or that you should believe other members' share predictions without question. Remember, past performance is no guarantee of future success, in investing or any human endeavour.
TMF staff members are free to participate in CAPS-UK, if they so wish. You should not believe or assume that our staff have any additional insight or information, or that their predictions are anything more than their personal opinions simply because they have a TMF prefix to their usernames. As with our discussion boards, The Motley Fool does not regulate what our staff say about a company. Their opinions are their own and not that of The Motley Fool. In fact, their opinions may differ substantially from each other as to how specific securities will perform in comparison to the market.
Some TMF employees may have investments in the shares they discuss. All Fool employees are required to disclose their current holdings on their personal profile pages. You can find these profiles by clicking the link to their Fool UK boards profile from their CAPS-UK Profile page. Fool UK employees may not publicly comment about a share for five days either side of dealing in that share.
You hold the copyright in the expression that you post on our sites. Please note, however, that when you post content (such as a discussion board post) in our internet areas, you expressly grant The Motley Fool a perpetual, irrevocable, royalty-free, non-exclusive license to use, edit, alter, adapt, translate, copy, publish, continue to publish or republish the submission (and/or an edited, adapted or translated version of it or part of it) ('the Work') and/or to sell or otherwise communicate or distribute the Work, as part of an edited compilation or in any other way howsoever. The license is capable of sub-license, unlimited in the use to which we may put the Work and exists whether or not you remain a registered user.
As the license is irrevocable, this means, for example, that we do not have to remove your posts even if you would like us to and even if you are no longer a registered user.
We'll credit you (under your user name (either the one existing at the time of the post or otherwise) as the author in any use of your material. By submitting your post you warrant that you have the right to grant The Motley Fool the non-exclusive copyright license described above.
And we promise not to make fun of you, unless we think you really deserve it.
Like our discussion boards, CAPS-UK is a forum in which Fool members can share their thoughts on shares. Specifically, CAPS-UK is a platform provided by The Motley Fool that allows you to make predictions about shares, see others' predictions, collate community opinions, and track their accuracy.
The data and other materials found in CAPS-UK, including all ratings, scores and selections, do not in any way constitute investment advice or the rendering of investment advice by The Motley Fool or the individual CAPS-UK participants. These predictions reflect an individual's (or group of individuals') belief as to how a share will perform vis-à-vis a particular index and is not a definitive statement on its future share price or a call to action as to what you should do with respect to such share. In other words, a prediction that a share will outperform the market is not the same as saying that a share will rise in value (and therefore, you should buy it or hold it). Similarly, a prediction that a share will underperform the market is not the same as saying that a share will decrease in value (and therefore, sell, sell, sell!).
Please remember that CAPS-UK members, regardless of their scores, ratings or avatars, are not professionals and are not making their predictions by way of business. It is against these terms for them to do so and therefore, you should not treat their predictions as investment advice. If you are seeking professional investment advice you should consult an authorised, professional investment adviser.
To sum up, you should use CAPS-UK to understand the opinions of other Fool members, to test your own predictions, and to assess them over time. CAPS-UK predictions are not investment advice or indications of a share's future price, so please don't treat them as such. Sometimes there is wisdom in crowds, but sometimes the mass of people has poor judgment, as 1970s haircuts and kipper ties showed.
We include the publicly announced predictions of some Wall Street personalities and institutions (or "virtual players" as we like to refer to them) solely so you and other CAPS-UK members can test these virtual players' predictions through CAPS-UK. They are not to be used as investment advice or viewed as any sort of endorsement, concurrence or approval by The Motley Fool. We have given these "virtual players" screen names that begin with "Track," as in "TrackBloke," as well as a "Wall Street" icon / avatar. The virtual players' predictions displayed may not be complete or timely -- we cannot know when people change their mind about a prediction, especially when they don't tell us.
There may be other players with "Track" in their names who are not created or updated by The Motley Fool – the only virtual players that we maintain have a "Wall Street" avatar and background.
Finally, the existence of a virtual player should not be taken as an implication that any individual endorses CAPS-UK or approves of the use of the virtual player.
We may provide you with the opportunity to 'test drive' one of our subscription-based premium services with a free trial or an introductory offer lasting less than a year before you commit to a full subscription. Only one free trial or introductory offer per household is allowed per service. TMF reserves the right to terminate the subscription and membership of the Fool community of anyone who, in our view, has violated this policy.
You agree to indemnify, defend, and hold harmless The Motley Fool, and its parent, affiliates, directors, officers and employees from and against any claim, liability, cost, damage or loss we may incur (including, without limitation, attorneys' fees) as a result of any material you post on our forum or any violation by you of your obligations under these terms and conditions.
The Motley Fool cannot and does not warrant the completeness or accuracy of the news, information, or other content found on our site, including CAPS-UK share or member ratings, or its usefulness for any particular purpose.
You understand and acknowledge that information posted or transmitted by other users are the sole responsibility of the person from whom such material originated. The Motley Fool takes no responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, timeliness, or even truth of the information posted in our areas.
One of the principal tenets here at The Fool is that the best person to manage your finances is YOU and by your use of our service, you're agreeing that you bear full responsibility for your own investment research and investment decisions. You also agree that The Motley Fool shall not be liable for any decision made or action taken by you or others in reliance upon news, information, or any material published by The Motley Fool. The Fool relies on various sources of information that we believe to be accurate and reliable, and we try very hard to do provide educational, amusing, and useful content. However, The Fool makes no claims or representations as to the accuracy, completeness, or truth of any material contained in our areas. All information provided on The Motley Fool is to be used on an "as is, with all faults" basis.
We make no promises that our content or the service itself will be delivered to you uninterrupted, timely, secure or error-free. In fact, we're not making any promises or warranties except that we won't intentionally lie to you. Other than that, we reserve the right to be wrong, stupid or even foolish (with a small "f").
Now what does all this mean? It means that you agree that under no circumstances shall The Motley Fool be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental or any other type of loss or injury resulting from your use, or downloading of any content on our site. This includes, but is not limited to, loss or injury caused in whole or in part by our negligence or by contingencies beyond our control in creating or delivering any portion of The Motley Fool.
Nothing in these terms excludes or limits The Motley Fool's liability for death or personal injury caused by its proven negligence or that of its employees and agents. Subject to the foregoing, The Motley Fool, its employees, agents, parent and affiliates will not be liable for any economic loss including without limitation loss of profits or anticipated savings, or any special, indirect, consequential or exemplary losses you may incur.
Please also see our separate Disclaimer statement, which is incorporated into these Terms and Conditions by reference.
The Motley Fool has a number of trademarks, which are detailed in our Legal Information. You agree not use or display the Motley Fool's trademarks in any manner without our prior written consent.
CAPS-UK is aimed at, and published for, individuals residing in the United Kingdom. The Motley Fool makes no representation that CAPS-UK is appropriate for users outside the United Kingdom or permitted under the laws of other jurisdictions. If you choose to access or use CAPS-UK from a location other than the United Kingdom, you do so at your own initiative and risk, and you bear full and complete responsibility for compliance with any applicable laws. Notwithstanding the foregoing, The Motley Fool reserves the right to block access for those whom it believes to be accessing CAPS-UK from somewhere outside the United Kingdom in violation of applicable law.
Except as otherwise expressly stated in these Terms, there are no third party beneficiaries to this agreement.
If any provision in this Agreement is invalid or unenforceable, the remaining provisions will continue in full force and effect. This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of England and Wales as if the Agreement was a contract wholly entered into and wholly performed within England and Wales.
© Copyright 1998-2015, The Motley Fool Limited. All rights reserved. This material is for personal use only.
The Motley Fool, Fool, and the "Fool" logo are registered trademarks of The Motley Fool, Holdings, Inc.
Place of Reg: England & Wales. Company Reg No: 3736872. VAT Reg No: 945 6990 68. Registered Office: 5th Floor, 60 Charlotte Street London W1T 2NU.
This page brought to you by USEQ\WEB22.


text:
An integrated circuit has first and second complementary MOSFETs and first and second complementary MESFETs fabricated on a common substrate. An insulating layer is disposed on the common substrate. The active region uses salicide block oxide layers to align the drain and source regions to the gate. Alternatively, the active region uses poly-silicon separators surrounded by side wall oxide spacers to align the drain and source regions to the gate. The MESFET may have a drift region between the gate terminal and drain region for high voltage applications. A ōTö-shaped metal contact to the gate of the MESFETs reduces the gate length of the device
1. A method of forming a MESFET, comprising:
forming a substrate;
forming an active layer over the substrate comprising a lightly doped well region having a body and an extension extending from the body in the active layer, wherein a cross-section of the lightly-doped well region taken along a plane extending through the extension and substantially parallel to a surface of the MESFET is substantially T-shaped;
forming a heavily doped source region in the body;
forming a heavily doped drain region in the body and separate from the source region wherein a gate region is provided between the source region and the drain region and contiguous with the extension;
forming a silicide source contact in the source region;
forming a silicide drain contact in the drain region; and
forming a silicide gate contact in the gate region and the extension.
2. The method of
3. The method of
4. The method of
5. The method of
6. The method of
7. The method of
The present non-provisional patent application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/895,490 filed Jul. 20, 2004 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,987,292 , which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/391,402, filed Mar. 17, 2003 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,864,131, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 10/018,439, filed Nov. 30, 2001 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,630,382, which is the National Stage of International Application PCT/US00/15066 filed on May 31, 2000, which claims priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/137,077 filed on Jun. 2, 1999, and said U.S. application Ser. No. 10/391,402, filed Mar. 17, 2003 claims benefit of Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/364,258, filed Mar. 15, 2002. The present non-provisional patent application further claims priority to Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/564,868 entitled ōCMOS Compatible Sub-threshold Silicon MESFETS and Methods of Forming the Sameö, filed on Apr. 22, 2004.
The present invention relates in general to semiconductor devices and, more particularly, to MESFETs integrated with MOSFETs on a common substrate.
Electronic devices such as diodes, transistors and the like are commonly used in many items found in homes, offices, vehicles, personal electronics, communications, computers, industrial and aerospace applications, medical devices and elsewhere. Generally speaking, a transistor is a three-terminal device that provides signal routing, amplification, and switching capabilities in analog and digital circuits. Recently, efforts have been focused upon creating transistors that perform various functions with reduced power consumption. The ability to reduce power consumption is particularly desirable in battery powered applications, such as cell phones, laptops, portable audio and video equipment, digital watches, pocket calculators, wireless pagers, and medical implants including pacemakers, artificial cochlea, and the like. Low-power applications are typically implemented using ultra-large-scale-integration (ULSI) circuits, which frequently require low power devices to minimize total power dissipation.
Micropower circuits based on sub-threshold transistor operation are widely used in the aforementioned low-power applications. The majority of these micropower circuits have been fabricated using standard CMOS processing. The micropower operation is achieved by ensuring that most of the MOSFETs are biased in the sub-threshold regime, commonly known as weak-inversion. The drain current flowing in a weakly inverted MOSFET is typically in the range 10−10 to 10−5 amps per micron of channel width. The low current, combined with the low drain voltage required to achieve current saturation (Vd sat>3kT/eś75 mV) is one reason for the low power consumed by micropower CMOS circuits. Since the cut-off frequency of a weakly inverted MOSFET is very low, micropower CMOS circuits typically operate at frequencies less than 10 MHz.
In one embodiment, the present invention is a method of forming an integrated circuit, comprising providing a substrate, forming a first MOSFET device on the substrate, and forming a first MESFET device on the substrate.
In another embodiment, the present invention is a method of forming MESFET and MOSFET devices on a common substrate, comprising forming a first MOSFET device on the common substrate, forming a second MOSFET device on the common substrate, the second MOSFET being of opposite conductivity type as the first MOSFET, forming a first MESFET device on the common substrate, and forming a second MESFET device on the common substrate, the second MESFET being of opposite conductivity type as the first MESFET.
In another embodiment, the present invention is a method of forming MESFET and MOSFET devices on a common substrate, comprising forming an insulating layer on the common substrate, forming a first MOSFET over the insulating layer, and forming a first MESFET over the insulating layer. The first MESFET has an active region and first and second salicide block oxide layers disposed over the active region. The first salicide block oxide layer is formed across a first area to become a boundary between a source region and a gate terminal of the first MESFET and the second salicide block oxide layer is formed across a second area to become a boundary between a drain region and the gate terminal of the first MESFET.
In another embodiment, the present invention is a semiconductor device, comprising a common substrate. A first MOSFET device is disposed on the common substrate. A second MOSFET device is disposed on the common substrate. The second MOSFET is of opposite conductivity type as the first MOSFET. A first MESFET device is disposed on the common substrate. A second MESFET device is disposed on the common substrate. The second MESFET is of opposite conductivity type as the first MESFET.
The present invention is described in one or more embodiments in the following description with reference to the Figures, in which like numerals represent the same or similar elements. While the invention is described in terms of the best mode for achieving the invention's objectives, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that it is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents as supported by the following disclosure and drawings.
A description of Schottky Junction Transistors (SJT), a form of MESFET, is provided in U.S. Pat. No. 6,630,382, entitled ōCurrent Controlled Field Effect Transistorö, and U.S. Pat. No. 6,864,131, entitled ōComplementary Schottky Junction Transistors and Methods of Forming the Sameö, which are incorporated herein by reference.
A cross-section through a MESFET device 10 is shown in
In SOI fabrication, insulating layer 12 can be deposited, sputtered, or otherwise formed on substrate 14 as buried silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, or any other suitable insulating material, to a thickness in the range 0.05 to 0.5 microns. Other techniques such as wafer bonding, for example, are capable of producing buried oxides thicker than 10 microns or more.
Active region 16 can be sputtered, deposited, grown, or otherwise formed on insulating layer 12 to a thickness in the range 0.01 to 0.2 microns. In active region 16, n-type semiconductor material is used for the n-channel devices, and p-type semiconductor material is used for the p-channel devices. Alternatively, region may be formed with GaAs, GaN, poly-crystalline silicon, and amorphous silicon. In one embodiment, active region 16 is formed to a thickness of 0.05 μm that has been doped n-type to a concentration NDoping of about 1017 cm−3.
Gate terminal 30 is formed with cobalt di-silicide (CoSi2), aluminum, platinum or any other material that forms a Schottky junction when deposited on channel region 32. The gate length ranges from about 0.01 microns to about 5 microns or more. Source terminal 22 and drain terminal 26 are formed using aluminum, copper, gold, silver, silicide, or any other conducting material that forms a low resistance, ohmic contact to channel region 32. To aid the formation of low resistance ohmic contacts, region 20 under the source contact and region 24 under the drain contact can be heavily doped with arsenic or phosphorus for n-channel MESFETs, and boron for p-channel MESFETs.
When biased into the sub-threshold regime the MESFET 10 can be operated as an SJT as follows. When the Schottky gate terminal 30 is forward biased, an input gate current flows that is exponentially dependent on the gate to source voltage (VGS). The channel doping and thickness are chosen such that the drain current flowing from the drain contact to the source contact is in the sub-threshold mode or regime and also varies exponentially with VGS. The sub-threshold drain current is controlled using the input gate current by a substantially constant current gain, β=Id/Ig, where Id is the drain current flowing in the channel and Ig is the input gate current. An analytical derivation of the current gain gives the following result.
From equation (1) it can be seen that the SJT current gain is substantially independent of the voltage bias applied, and depends on fundamental constants and device structure properties. By carefully selecting channel doping, channel thickness, and gate length, a current gain greater than unity (β>1) can be achieved for devices manufactured in accordance to the methods described herein. In addition, equation (1) shows that the current gain of an SJT is independent of threshold voltage Vth. Accordingly, transistor matching of sub-threshold SJTs should be superior to that of sub-threshold MOSFETs of the same gate length. As well as superior transistor matching, other advantages of the SJT device compared to a sub-threshold MOSFET include higher carrier mobility (electron or hole) and reduced gate capacitance, both of which lead to higher transistor cut-off frequencies. The higher cut-off frequency allows SJT-based micropower circuits to operate at higher frequencies that an equivalent CMOS-based circuit.
By suitable control of the channel doping and thickness of channel 16, the MESFET device 10 shown in
In equation (2) Vt is a threshold voltage which would be less than zero for an n-channel depletion mode MESFET. The parameter k is a constant that depends upon the channel width, gate length, and carrier mobility. Operating a MESFET above threshold is important when a large signal current has to be driven into a load for moderate to high power operation. If high power operation is required the ability to drive a MESFET with high drain voltages is also important.
From a circuit point of view, it is frequently advantageous to use complementary devices to reduce power consumption and to improve design flexibility. In one embodiment, a complementary pair of devices may have an n-channel transistor connected to a p-channel transistor. The n-channel and p-channel devices are said to be ōcomplementaryö if equal and opposite biases applied to the inputs of the transistors produce equal and opposite output currents. The basic complementary pair of devices can be used to realize virtually any digital or analog circuit in an efficient manner. In a CMOS circuit, for example, each current path through the circuit typically passes through both n-type and p-type transistors, with only one type of transistor being turned on in any stable state so there is typically little or no static power dissipation. Current flows only to charge an undesirable parasitic capacitance when a gate switches.
FETs are typically made complementary by making the channel width of the p-type device approximately two times larger than that of the n-channel device to compensate for the greater mobility of electron carriers, which is generally true for MOSFETs and MESFETs operating above or below threshold. The increased size of the p-type device frequently creates disadvantages in terms of size and cost. Moreover, the increased capacitance of the p-channel device often results in increased power consumption as well as reduced switching speed. By exploiting the capabilities of the SJT, however, it is possible to fabricate complementary n-channel and p-channel SJT devices that have approximately equal gate widths and gate lengths. Some advantages resulting from the use of complementary SJTs compared to conventional complementary silicon devices may include, in various embodiments, smaller circuit area, and therefore reduced cost, for a given function; higher operating speeds for given drain currents; and superior transistor matching for short gate length devices.
The SJT may be appropriately designed and operated as a current-controlled current-source when operated below threshold (Vgs<Vth). In such embodiments, the main device parameter is the current gain β. To obtain complementary SJT behavior the current gains of the n-channel and p-channel devices need to be the same. With reference again to equation (1) above, it can be shown that the current gain of an SJT device depends upon the channel geometry and doping. Many of the parameters in equation (1) are fixed either because they are physical constants (e, k, Nc, q and UT), or because the parameters are fixed by the semiconductor fabrication process. Channel thickness is typically designed to be approximately the same for both n-channel and p-channel devices to simplify the fabrication process. Channel length is also typically designed to be as small as possible and to be approximately the same for both n-channel and p-channel devices. Accordingly, the remaining variables in equation (1) are the carrier mobility and channel doping. Electron mobility is known to be approximately twice as large as the hole mobility.
For most semiconductor devices, including MOSFETs and MESFETs, the most practical way to achieve complementary devices is to make the gate width of the p-channel device approximately twice as large as the gate width of the n-channel device to compensate for the different carrier mobilities. With the SJT approach of controlling drain current with a gate current, however, substantially the same current gains can be obtained for both types of devices by changing the channel doping in such a way that it compensates for the lower hole mobility, resulting in substantially equal current gain values for both n-channel and p-channel devices without varying the relative size of the devices. By controlling the channel doping ion implantation step, complementary devices with substantially the same gate widths and lengths can be realized. Because of the resulting space reduction and the reduced capacitance that results from the smaller p-channel device, the complementary SJT-based circuits occupy less wafer area and operate at higher frequencies than other devices.
An additional advantage of various embodiments of the SJT is that circuits made using complementary versions of the device take up less area than prior art MOSFET circuits. The reduction in area occurs for two reasons. First, the device does not typically require an insulator between gate and channel, so the gate length of both n-channel and p-channel devices can be made smaller than those in conventional MOSFETS. Secondly, the complementary n-channel and p-channel SJTs may be made with conducting channels of the same or similar width. In conventional CMOS circuits, p-channel devices may be approximately twice as wide as n-channel devices. Digital circuits made from complementary version of the new device may therefore be able to achieve higher integration levels than conventional CMOS because of (i) the reduction in width of the p-channel device and (ii) the ability to scale the gate length to smaller dimensions. Other advantages associated with the lack of a gate insulator in the current invention are (i) reduced input (gate) capacitance and (ii) reduced manufacturing complexity.
As a feature of the present invention, MESFETs are fabricated on a common substrate with MOSFETs. The MESFETs can be implemented as complementary SJTs (CSJTs) devices for sub-threshold operation or as conventional depletion mode MESFETs for above threshold operation. The MOSFETs can be implemented as CMOS devices.
An enhancement mode sub-threshold MESFET can be fabricated so as to operate as a SJT whereby channel drain current is controlled by the application of a bias current into, or out of, the gate electrode of the SJT. Again, by carefully selecting channel doping, channel thickness, and gate length, a current gain greater than unity can be achieved for devices manufactured in accordance to the methods described below. In various embodiments, both input gate current and output drain current of the SJT may be made to vary exponentially with the applied gate bias by selecting appropriate layer thickness and doping concentrations, making the ratio of drain current to gate current, e.g., the current gain, β, of the device substantially constant. Additionally, the methods described below allow complementary n-channel and p-channel CSJTs to be manufactured on the same substrate as complementary n-channel and p-channel MOSFETs. The integration of CSJTs and CMOS transistors is achieved using CMOS processing steps and exploits the self-aligned silicide (salicide) process to form the Schottky gate of the CSJTs.
A depletion mode MESFET can be designed for operation above threshold operation. In the above threshold regime drain currents in the range 10−4 to 10−3 A/μm or more are typical. Now the saturated drain current varies as the square of the gate voltage as described by equation (2) above. Complementary behavior can be achieved for MESFETs operating above threshold. The methods described below are equally applicable to the manufacture of complementary MESFETs operating above threshold and integrated with CMOS devices on a common substrate.
The following description demonstrates the manufacturing steps required to integrate complementary MESFETs with CMOS devices on a common silicon substrate or SOI substrate. Alternative substrates such as bulk silicon can be used with straightforward modifications to the process flow can also be used. The individual n-channel and p-channel MOSFETs and n-channel and p-channel MESFETs are formed in active regions that are electrically isolated from each other using semiconductor processing techniques such as local oxidation of silicon mesa etching or shallow trench etching followed by local oxidation of silicon (LOCOS).
A buried oxide layer 58 is formed on silicon substrate 56. N-well region 60 and p-well region 62 are formed on buried oxide layer 58 and represent the active areas for the p-channel MOSFET and n-channel MOSFET devices, respectively. P-well region 64 and n-well region 66 are formed on buried oxide layer 58 and represent the active areas for the p-channel and n-channel MESFET devices, respectively. The active regions 60-66 are separated by oxide isolation regions 68. The active region isolation can also be achieved using mesa etching, ion beam induced damage, LOCOS, shallow trench isolation, or other suitable techniques.
The formation of the n-well and p-well regions of the MOSFET and MESFET devices may involve up to four separate ion implantation steps, i.e., one implantation for each of n-well active region 60 of the p-channel MOSFET, p-well active region 62 of the n-channel MOSFET, p-well active region 64 of the p-channel MESFET, and n-well active region 66 of the n-channel MESFET. Alternatively, the devices can be formed using two implantation steps: one implantation for n-well active regions 60 and 66 of the p-channel MOSFET and n-channel MESFET, and another implantation for p-well active regions 62 and 64 of the n-channel MOSFET and p-channel MESFET.
After formation of the n-well and p-well active regions, the poly-silicon gates for the p-channel MOSFET and n-channel MOSFET are formed as shown in the cross-sectional view of
The integration of MOSFETs and MESFETs on a common substrate involves the use of a patterned chemical vapor deposited oxide layer that allows silicide to be formed above the relatively lightly doped p-well region 64 and n-well region 66 of the MESFET devices. The silicide is used in a salicide manner to produce a low resistance contact above heavily doped source, drain, and poly-silicon gate regions. In the cross-sectional view of
An oxide layer is deposited over the entire wafer using CVD. The thickness of the oxide layer is typically 0.1 to 0.2 micron. A photoresist layer is then spun on the surface and baked prior to photolithographic patterning. After photolithographic patterning and development, the photoresist is then used as an etch mask in a subsequent etch step that removes all CVD oxide except for that under the photoresist and that at the edges of the MOS gate structure. Oxide spacers 80 and 82 are thus formed around the poly-silicon gates 70 and 74 of the MOSFET devices. After the oxide etch and removal of the remaining photoresist, salicide block oxide layers 84 and 86 remain above the n-well region 64 and p-well region 66, as well as the oxide spacers 80 and 82 around the poly-silicon gate structure of the MOSFET devices. The salicide block oxide layers 84 and 86 are respectively aligned above the active regions 64 and 66 across the boundaries between the source and channel regions and the drain and channel regions of each MESFET device. The top view of
The p-type source region 90 and p-type drain region 92 for the p-channel MOSFET device, and the p-type source region 94 and p-type drain region 96 for the p-channel MESFET device, are formed as shown in the cross-sectional view of
The n-type source region 98 and n-type drain region 100 for the n-channel MOSFET device, and the n-type source region 102 and n-type drain region 104 for the n-channel MESFET device, are formed as shown in the cross-sectional view of
In the source and drain implantation processing steps, a photoresist is spun on the surface of the wafer and patterned to open windows above the active regions of the p-type source and drain regions that are to be heavily doped with boron. In the case of the p-channel MOSFETs, the window is slightly larger than the n-well active region 60. The channel is masked from the dopants by the gate structure in a self-aligned manner. For the p-channel MESFET, the p-well region where the Schottky gate is formed, including the regions bounded to the left and right of the patterned salicide block oxide layer 84, should not be heavily doped. Accordingly, the source and drain implants for the p-channel MESFET will involve two openings in the photoresist, one for the source and one for the drain. The openings for the source and drain implants to the MESFET should overlap the patterned salicide block oxide by a distance corresponding to one design rule 1λ. Although the salicide-block oxide should prevent the implanted ions from reaching the silicon, the overlap will accommodate variations in the alignment.
The source and drain regions of the n-channel MOSFET and n-channel MESFET are heavily doped in a second implantation. In the case of the n-channel MOSFETs, the window is slightly larger than the p-well active region 62. The channel is masked from the dopants by the gate structure in a self-aligned manner. In the case of the n-channel MESFET the windows are opened in a photoresist layer above the source and drain regions of the n-channel MESFET, aligned to and overlapping the silicide block oxide regions 86 by one design rule 1λ. After completion of the implants, the wafer is annealed to activate the dopants at a temperature of 850░ C. for 15 minutes. Any dopants extending under the oxide spacers 80 and 82 and the patterned silicide block are a result of the implant straggle and subsequent diffusion.
In the subsequent silicidation steps, a metal such as titanium or cobalt is deposited over the entire surface of the wafer by sputter coating. The wafer is then annealed in an inert gas such as nitrogen for a short time, typically 60 seconds, and at a temperature high enough to form the metal TiSi2 or CoSi2 silicide at 850░ C. The metal forms the silicide where it is in contact with silicon. After the silicidation anneal, the unreacted metal above the isolation oxide and above the patterned silicide-block oxide can be removed by wet chemical etching in a dilute acid. After the unreacted metal is removed the remaining silicide acts as a low resistance contact to the source and drain regions, as a low resistance contact to the gate structure of the MOSFETs, and as a Schottky gate to the MESFETs, as shown in the cross-sectional view of
The final steps involve making electrical contact to the MOSFET and MESFET devices. In one embodiment, a boro-phospho-silicate glass can be deposited over the entire wafer. Openings in the glass, known as vias, are then patterned and etched down to the source, drain and gate silicide contacts. The vias are filled with metal plugs as shown in the cross-sectional view of
The T-gate extension of the n-channel and p-channel MESFETs shown in
If the active region of the transistor has an extension as shown in the cross-sectional view of
Further reduction in gate length can be achieved if the active region extension can be formed in the shape of a ōTö as indicated in the cross-sectional view of
The method described above for the fabrication of SOI MESFETs can be adapted to make MESFETs with a high voltage capability. When a high voltage is applied to the drain of a transistor, most of the electric field is dropped in the region under the gate that is closest to the drain. For sufficiently high drain voltages, the drain electric field can exceed certain breakdown fields and the device will fail catastrophically. Field effect transistors that require a high drain voltage capability often make use of a drift field region between the gate and the drain contact. The drift field region is in general longer than the typical distance between the gate and the drain and for a given drain voltage the electric field will be reduced.
A drift field region can be added to the SOI MESFET described above. In
The graph in
An alternative method to separate the silicide Schottky gate from the silicide source and drain contacts is shown in
While one or more embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated in detail, the skilled artisan will appreciate that modifications and adaptations to those embodiments may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as set forth in the following claims.
Patent Citations
Non-Patent Citations
Referenced by
Legal Events
Original Image

subset: commoncrawl


text:
$4000 Dealer Cash*2014 ATS
$6000 Dealer Cash*2014 CTS Sedan
Sale Price: $63,798*2014 CTS-V Sedan CTS-V Sedan
$5000 Dealer Cash*2014 XTS
$2000 Bonus Cash*2015 SRX
New Specials*2014 CTS Sedan 3.6L V6 RWD Luxury
New Specials*2014 CTS Sedan 2.0L Turbo I4 RWD..
New Specials*2014 ELR 2dr Cpe
New Specials*2014 XTS 3.6L V6 FWD Luxury
New Specials*2014 XTS 3.6L V6 FWD
Pre-Owned Specials*2010 Escalade ESV 6.2L V8 AWD..
Pre-Owned Specials*1991 Volvo 940
Inventory Search
Moore Cadillac: Serving Virginia Beach Cadillac Customers
Moore Cadillac in Richmond proudly serves our neighbor Charlottesville and Virginia Beach Cadillac drivers with the finest luxury cars and SUVs. As your Richmond Cadillac dealership, we have a full inventory of new Cadillac cars and SUVs as well as pre-owned Cadillac vehicles. If you are searching for Virginia Beach Cadillac dealership, our inventory of new and used car models is just the beginning of what this site puts at your fingertips. Read on to see the many ways we can serve your Cadillac needs online and in person. It's no surprise that many consider our dealership an excellent alternative to any Charlottesville or Virginia Beach Cadillac dealership!
A Charlottesville & Virginia Beach Cadillac Dealer AlternativeLocated in Richmond our dealership has proudly served Charlottesville & Virginia Beach Cadillac customers for over 25 years. Visit our hours and directions page for step by step directions from your door to ours. At Moore Cadillac we are proud to serve as an excellent Charlottesville & Virginia Beach Cadillac source. Our Richmond Cadillac product experts will be happy to assist you in finding that perfect new or used luxury car. Whether you need a car or SUV, new or used, consider us when you looking for a Virginia Beach Cadillac dealership.
Certified Service in Richmond Serving Virginia Beach Cadillac DriversAt Moore Cadillac, our dedication to your comfort and care extend far beyond the sale. Our service department is here to protect the investment you've placed in your Cadillac car or SUV through regular maintenance as well as quality Cadillac parts. For your convenience, we offer online service appointment and parts order forms as well as service specials and a Cadillac tire store. Our online options especially help those looking for Cadillac service near Charlottesville in addition to making our dealership an excellent Richmond Cadillac service center. Our service technicians are standing by to assist you at (804) 441-9258 with any questions you have about your Cadillac service needs today.
The Cadillac SRX in RichmondOur excellent inventory of Cadillac cars and SUVs is sure to impress, including the Cadillac SRX luxury crossover. From its chiseled form to its vertical LED tail lights, the SRX is all a Cadillac should be. Don't take our word for it, come see our SRX inventory in Richmond in person! You can also browse our online Cadillac SRX selection so you can see our many color and trim options before your travel to our dealership. Looking for an all new model instead? See our Cadillac inventory, including the sleek Cadillac ATS and powerful Cadillac XTS. With such an extensive selection of the best Cadillac has to offer, it's no wonder why customers searching for Cadillac cars in Virginia Beach and Charlottesville think Moore Cadillac in Richmond, Virginia.
Cadillac: ATS | ATS Coupe | CTS Coupe | CTS Sedan | CTS-V Coupe | CTS-V Sedan | Escalade | SRX | XTS


text:
I have implemented the uploading image function to my app using gem called 'paperclip'.
It works fine when I upload the image file from PC, but it doesn't save the image if I upload from Android's default browser.
It shows flash message 'it saved!' but it didn't.
But if take this part it saves fine. this is so weird.
validates_attachment_content_type :comment_icon, :content_type => ['image/jpeg', 'image/png','image/gif']


text:
November 10, 2011
UK, MSU and Tech move up in team rankings
Rivals.com recruiting staff
Behind the commitments of highly ranked prospects, Kentucky, Michigan State and Georgia Tech are the big movers in the latest edition of the national team recruiting rankings.
With the commitment of No. 19-ranked Alex Poythress, Kentucky jumps to No. 3 in the rankings.
Michigan State is just outside the top 10 at No. 11 after landing Gary Harris, the No. 25-ranked prospect in the Rivals150.
No. 28-ranked Robert Carter pushes Georgia Tech to No. 14.
The Big East is still the most represented conference with six teams in the rankings.
The ACC is now the No. 2 conference with five representatives.
The Big Ten and Big 12 are tied with four teams each.
And Conference-USA, Pac-12 and SEC have two teams each in the rankings.
Past Team Rankings: 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003
Talk about it in Basketball Recruiting Board
Basketball Recruiting News
Starting Five: Big weekend at Cal
Cal lands Rivals150 wing
No rush for Rakocevic
Rowan gunning for a title
Rivals.com is your source for: College Football | Football Recruiting | College Basketball | Basketball Recruiting | College Baseball | High School | College Merchandise
Site-specific editorial/photos �2012 Yahoo! Inc. All rights reserved. This website is an officially and independently operated source of news and information not affiliated with any school or team.
About | Advertise with Us | Contact | Privacy Policy | About our Ads | Terms of Service | Copyright/IP policy | Yahoo! Sports - NBC Sports Network
Statistical information �2007 STATS LLC All Rights Reserved.


text:
Narrow your search
Technically Incorrect: The Microsoft co-founder says research by his friend Nathan Myhrvold has shown that studying dinosaur bones gives insights into the fight against malnutrition.
Adventures In Tech uses the hottest topics in tech as a jumping off point for bitesize, informative
"The Imitation Game" opens the 2014 London Film Festival, heralding a number of movies exploring our complex relationship with technology.
Samsung, Microsoft, ARM and the people behind Raspberry Pi are collaborating with publicly funded UK broadcaster the BBC on the Micro Dot device.
Blood, drugs and curse words go flying in a bootleg "Power Rangers" short that is strictly for grown-up fans.
New research with New Caledonian crows has demonstrated that they perform as well as 7- to 10-year-old children on cause-and-effect water displacement tasks.
"LEO the Maker Prince" by Carla Diana inspires children to use their MakerBots to make storybook characters into their very own 3D figures.
If you've ever had a stubborn child refuse to do his or her chores, this Tech Minute is for you. CNET's Kara Tsuboi reports on two websites that can help motivate children to complete their tasks by offering various rewards as incentive.
First it was video, then it was packages. Now a new trend is emerging with drone use: humanitarian relief.
Ex-employee sues over a wide range of alleged bad behavior, including sexual harassment and race discrimination in the workplace.
To celebrate the launch of "Avengers: Age of Ultron," Robert Downey Jr. will bring one person to Los Angeles for an incredible adventure that includes a seat at the premiere.


text:
2015 Outlook - Real Estate Advertising
Real estate agents and brokers, among the first to adapt to digital media 20 years ago, may have discovered the digital saturation point. In 2015, while other types of advertisers are increasing digital budgets, agents and brokers will be scaling back.Get the Full Report m
What do SMBs Spend on Ads?It's an important question, and we know the answer. We offer data-rich reports for any locality, down to the county level. See what local businesses are spending – and how that's forecast to change – for any medium, and by any type of business.
Learn More m
What Does Borrell Do?We are the leading experts in monitoring and forecasting local advertising trends. We track expenditures across all U.S., Canadian, and U.K. markets. Our offerings include:
- F Online access to data & forecasts for any locality
- F Ongoing surveys of SMB spending trends
- F Subscription to monthly reports & webinars on key trends
- F Consulting & Presentations
Unparalleled InsightsOur monthly Industry Papers are cited heavily because they reveal remarkable and previously unidentified trends in local marketing expenditures. We have a record of making stunningly accurate predictions about local media's future. We make more than 100 presentations per year; our sought-after speakers rate among the highest. We love what we do – and it shows.
Get a Subscription Now m


text:
Ruby's Pantry cost increase reflects higher shipping costs
To offset transportation and food storage prices that have grown over the year, Ruby's Pantry shares will now be $20 each.
The $5 per share increase affects both Superior distribution sites.
Ruby's Pantry is an outreach program of the nonprofit Home and Away Ministries Inc. in Pine City, Minn. It supplies food to 39 sites in communities throughout northern Wisconsin and Minnesota including Duluth and Superior. It offers a hand up, not a hand out.
Are you a newspaper subscriber but you don't have a Digital Access account yet? https://secure.forumcomm.com/?publisher_ID=40&event=subscriber/lookup.
You will need your subscription account number and phone number. Not sure if you have an account? Email us at firstname.lastname@example.com and we can help you.


text: My husband and I have just returned from a week in Kirkcaldy and stayed at The Dunedin. We were made very welcome by Yvonne and Les who who recommended places to eat and places to visit. Great decor, Central location and fabulous breakfasts. Would highly recommend. Will definitely stay again


text:
The Coolest and Most Creative Drone Cinematography3/26/2015 5:25PM
Elisabeth Moss on Her Favorite 'Mad Men' Elevator Ride3/27/2015 11:50AM
Private Properties: Max Azria's Mansion and More…3/27/2015 4:14PM
Filmmakers' Futuristic Fantasies Become Reality3/28/2015 12:00PM
Voices From a Bygone Iran3/27/2015 9:30AM
NASA Launches Astronaut on Historic One-Year Mission3/27/2015 10:30PM
2016 GOP Race Poised to Be Long, Expensive Horse Race3/26/2015 7:08PM
The Secrets of the Many Elevator Scenes in 'Mad Men'3/25/2015 12:03PM
Amanda Knox Murder Conviction Overturned3/27/2015 8:51PM
Weekend Sip: No More Syrupy Wine for Passover3/27/2015 10:14AM
Dan Neil: 2016 VW Golf R Is a 'Blazing Gem'3/27/2015 1:14PM
Nigeria's Presidential Election Pushes into Sunday3/28/2015 5:22PM
Voting in Nigeria's presidential election is being extended into Sunday after technical glitches with an electronic voter verification system caused some polling stations to suspend voting on Saturday. Photo: AP
Jaguar Cub Makes Public Debut at San Diego Zoo3/28/2015 2:51PM
Amanda Knox Thankful for Overturned Murder Charge3/28/2015 12:53PM
Two Missing, Three Buildings Destroyed After Blast3/27/2015 7:14PM
Viral Wrap-Up: Dumb Pet (and Human) Tricks3/27/2015 5:10PM
Marie Kondo Sparks a Cult of Clean Up2/26/2015 1:26PM
Marie Kondo is the author of "The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up," which has sold two million copies worldwide. What makes her so popular? WSJ's Jennifer Maloney discusses.
Architects Go Simple in Their Own Homes3/26/2015 9:00AM
Father of Singapore Lee Kuan Yew Dies3/22/2015 4:39PM
A Profile of Germanwings Co-Pilot Andreas Lubitz3/27/2015 11:01AM
Apple Suppliers Expand Automation in China8/24/2014 1:47PM
How Do Nigerians Feel About Their Democracy?3/27/2015 4:10PM
The Nigerian presidential elections on March 28 gave students, politicians, market vendors and shoppers an opportunity to voice their feelings about the state of democracy in the country.
What's the Democratic Strategy in the Post-Reid Era?3/27/2015 4:06PM
Is Indiana's Religious-Objections Law Discriminatory?3/27/2015 1:08PM
Harry Reid Announces Retirement, and More3/27/2015 12:36PM
Investigators: No Suicide Note at Co-Pilot's Home3/27/2015 10:42AM
IBM & Twitter2/26/2015 2:32PM
Extraordinary Angles: Gardens2/27/2015 10:45AM
Dealer Socket, automotive CRM software maker2/25/2015 1:43AM
Taking Care of its Customers12/2/2014 9:59AM
The Best Wines to Pair With Chocolate3/27/2015 1:18PM
Chocolate and wines are said to go well together but that isn't always the case. WSJ's Will Lyons discusses what to look for in wine and chocolate pairings. Photo: Getty
Moneyologist: How to Deflect Questions About Money3/27/2015 1:17PM
Marbella's New Appeal3/26/2015 9:01AM
The Coolest Kitchen Fare3/27/2015 7:30AM
O'Driscroll Set for First Hong Kong Rugby Sevens3/27/2015 12:09AM
Yahoo Boosts Share Buyback by $2 Billion3/27/2015 10:40AM
Yahoo has authorized an additional $2 billion for stock buybacks through March 2018. Will it be enough to fend off activist investor Starboard Value? WSJ's David Benoit explains. Photo: AP
ECO:nomics: Apple Discusses Solar Power Purchase3/26/2015 3:52PM
ECO:nomics: Tech Breakthroughs for Energy Industry3/26/2015 3:46PM
Periscope Debuts; Battle With Meerkat Is On3/26/2015 10:44AM
Periscope: First Look at Twitter's Live-Stream App3/26/2015 8:28AM
After 53 Years, 'Finland Calling' Show Is Finished3/26/2015 4:39PM
Carl Pellonpaa has hosted "Finland Calling," a Michigan-based Finnish culture show, for more than 50 years. Now the local legend has decided to call it quits. Photo: Anne Steele/The Wall Street Journal


text:
I am actress, still trying to make my foothold strong in Bollywood. I had made a debut in Bollywood in 2004 but that went unnoticed and I moved on to south industry.
Play this game
No Members yet
Sea Beast (2008)Actor
Skinwalkers (2007)Actor
It's a Boy Girl Thing (2006)Actor
Assault on Precinct 13 (2005)Actor
The Good Shepherd (2004)ActorBuy
The Limit (2003)Actor
List of Roman Podhora movies
Taye Diggs
Catherine Zeta-Jones
Julianne Moore
Liam Neeson
Lauren Bacall
Joshua Jackson
Kevin Zegers
Craig Zadan
Kathryn Bigelow
Cate Blanchett
James Marsden
Maria Bello
Copyright 2010-2013: Gomolo. All Rights reserved. | Terms | Privacy


text:
Canstar Community News - ONLINE EDITION
Care4U conference coming up
Conference to focus on caregivers
The Alzheimer Society of Manitoba (ASM) will soon be honouring its caregivers.
The society will be hosting the third annual Care4U family conference Nov. 2 at the Canadian Mennonite University, located at 500 Shaftesbury Blvd.
The conference will run from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m., and will involve plenty of learning opportunities for friends and family caring for those with Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia.
"Caregiving can be extremely challenging, both physically and emotionally. By remembering to take time to care for their own well-being, caregivers are able to maintain quality of life for themselves and their loved ones," said Wendy Schettler, CEO of the Alzheimer Society of Manitoba, in a release.
There will be seminars and a "Care for the Caregiver" health fair aimed at reminding caregivers to remember their own well-being.
Speakers include Dr. Tiffany Chow, a senior clinician-scientist at the Rotman Research Institute, Tara Maltman-Just, a clinical consultant pharmacist and Founder of Vitality Integrative Medicine in Winnipeg, Jennifer Licardo, the education co-ordinator at the ASM, and many more.
Registration for the event is $40 with lunch included. For more information and to register, visit http://alzheimer.mb.ca/care4u2013/
Fact Check
Have you found an error, or know of something we've missed in one of our stories?
Please use the form below and let us know.
Having problems with the form?Contact Us Directly
More The Sou'wester
You can comment on most stories on winnipegfreepress.com. You can also agree or disagree with other comments. All you need to do is be a Winnipeg Free Press print or e-edition subscriber to join the conversation and give your feedback.
You can comment on most stories on winnipegfreepress.com. You can also agree or disagree with other comments. All you need to do is be a Winnipeg Free Press print or e-edition subscriber to join the conversation and give your feedback.
Have Your Say
New to commenting? Check out our Frequently Asked Questions.
The Winnipeg Free Press does not necessarily endorse any of the views posted. By submitting your comment, you agree to our Terms and Conditions. These terms were revised effective April 16, 2010.
- Back to Top
- Return to The Sou'wester
More The Sou'wester
(1 of 16 articles for this week)
Vandalism in River Heights 'exceptionally horrible'03/31/2015 2:15 PM 0
This Just In
@CanstarHeadline: Don and Joan Paterson want to settle with the provincial government over service road construction. winnipegfreepress.com/our-communitie… #cbn 4:17 pm on Apr 1
@SouwesterWPG: Winnipeg Boys' Choir holds on to the high notes: bit.ly/1yx3kBE #RiverHeights #OsborneVillage #cbn 10:55 am on Apr 1
Ads by Google


text:
Traveling Troupe at Kiwanis Club!
Preacher Annie and some of the cast gave a sneak peak at Kiwanis Club this past Tuesday. As you can tell, it was loads of fun! Looks like the two Bill's sleep on the back row at church even if it's fake church.Thank you Kiwanis Club of Vidalia for allowing us to entertain you! Hop…
Watch these babies sing!
Join our up and coming group of community actors in a sing along April 9th – 18th. They are practicing hard for you!
Ameris Bank Sponsorship!
Thank you to Ameris Bank for stepping up to bat! Our brochures are already being distributed so you won't see their logo there but they are a Silver Sponsor and appreciated very much.
We picked up a new order of t-shirts, they are selling quick! Purchase yours at Lyons Main Street, Thriftway and Little Red Wagon.
New Signs!
We have great new signs being put around town and in other cities, tell me if you notice them!
River Rat Review
Click here to enjoy a sample of music from our very own River Rat Review band!
Thank you to our many sponsors! This would not be possible without your support.


text:
Dr. James Owens specializes in family practice in Jarvisburg, North Carolina.
Dr. James Owens has been compared 437 times. Details of Dr. Owens' 27 years experience as an MD and education at East Carolina University are available on your free doctor report.
Primary Location for Dr. Owens
7107 Caratoke Hwy
Jarvisburg, NC 27947
Patient Ratings and Reviews
Dr. James Owens has an average rating of 4 stars (out of 5) with a rating of Very Good based on 9 reviews.
Have you visited Dr. James Owens? Rate you experience below.
Board Certification, Specialty and Expertise
Dr. James Owens has been identified as specializing in Family Practice.
Dr. Owens attended medical school at East Carolina University Brody School of Medicine and graduated in 1988 having 27 years experience.
While there is no proven correlation between the quality of one's educational institution and the quality of one's professional competence, it is often an indicator. Medical schools have various levels of selectivity (some are harder to get into than others), and both the quality of their clinical training and level of research are measured. Additional medical training in both residency and fellowships and the facilities they are conducted at also provide a history of the doctors' level of training and experience.
Patients may also know Dr. James Owens MD as:
Compare Similar Doctors
We found 5 doctors nearby Dr. Owens who also specialize in Family Practice
We found 5 doctors with names similar to Dr. James Owens
Related Cities and Specialties
Are you Dr. James Owens?
Update your information


text:
Allen West:
Billy and Karen Vaughn are the parents of fallen Navy SEAL, Aaron Carson Vaughn (SEAL Team VI). On August 6, 2011 Aaron was killed in action in the Tangi River Valley of Afghanistan when a chopper (call sign Extortion 17) carrying thirty Americans was shot from the sky. The day Aaron's life ended theirs began again.
In the months following this devastating loss the Vaughns began searching for answers. What they learned was life-altering. They quickly came face-to-face with their worst nightmare...the downing of Extortion 17 was at best unnecessary and at worst, a negligent, reckless loss of life.
NEW: In an Attempt to Win Hearts and Minds, We're Leaving Our Defenders Defenseless - Billy and Karen Vaughn 3/19/15
The notion of changing hearts and minds has been part of American military doctrine for decades. From Vietnam to Afghanistan, the winning of hearts and minds abroad has been central to our foreign policy for more than a half century.
We see this today in the continued fighting in Afghanistan, where it seems a higher premium is placed on the lives of potential enemy combatants than American troops, the idea apparently being that fighting a kinder, gentler war will somehow encourage that country's transition to a more stable government and society...
Islamic State Beheads While the President Plays With a Selfie Stick


text: POPSUGAR Celebrity Kate Winslet Pictures of Kate Winslet by Celebrity 4/29/10 2 Shares Like us on Facebook Previous Photo 1 of 11 View on One Page ADVERTISEMENT ( more slides) Next Share This Link Copy 1 Pictures of Kate Winslet Previous Photo 1 of 11 View on One Page ADVERTISEMENT ( more slides) Next Read More Mildred PierceKate Winslet Kate Winslet Kate Winslet Says Insurgent's Shailene and Theo Are "Reminiscent of Myself and Leo" These Stars' Real Ages Will Blow Your Mind A Look Back at Years of Glamorous Golden Globes Leonardo DiCaprio and the Many Ladies in His Life Get the scoop with our daily newsletter Enjoy the latest news on the celebs you love. Movies Young Hollywood A Listers TV Sign up with Link Love Shailene Woodley: "I've eaten ants, and that was great" — Us Weekly Vanessa Hudgens explains why she's ditching Coachella — HuffPost Celebrity Things are only getting messier in Jeremy Renner's divorce — Lainey Gossip Chelsea Handler comes forward with a surprising confession — Dlister Ashton Kutcher is totally "punking" people again — ET Get a sneak listen of Adam Lambert's new single — JustJared Jennifer Lopez is still rocking that famous booty — Hollywood Tuna Nashville teases Christina Aguilera's upcoming guest spot! — Pink Is the New Blog This DWTS dancer is sporting serious cleavage — The Superficial Latest Celebrity


text:
Disposable diapers
Re "Bill would start first diaper aid program in US" (Page A1, Aug. 2): So much for the plastic and paper bags. How about the disposable diapers? There are thousands and possibly millions of disposable diapers discarded yearly with human waste, however nothing is being done to curtail this.
A Southern California legislator is recommending an $82 monthly allowance for purchasing. That would buy a lot of cloth diapers. Of course, the modern day mothers do not want to take the time to use them. Our family raised three children using cloth diapers. I do hope that someone in the future will take a close look at this.
-- Robert Winters, Lincoln
Letters to the Editor
Editor's Choice Videos
Join the Discussion
The Sacramento Bee is pleased to provide this opportunity to share information, experiences and observations about what's in the news. Some of the comments may be reprinted elsewhere on the site or in the newspaper. We encourage lively, open debate on the issues of the day, and ask that you refrain from profanity, hate speech, personal comments and remarks that are off point. Thank you for taking the time to offer your thoughts.


text: Rabcati July 15, 2014 3:52 PM MotoGP » Hayden: I need to get healthy Next year with the new pneumatic engine he should finally have a bike that matches his talent again. Will be quite interesting actually if Scott moves to Bautistas bike I could see Nicky getting the better of him on the 'proddy' machine. Reply Report abuse 9 agree 11 disagree


text:
Thanks for taking the time to report this user.
Your participation helps keep Airbnb a safe and trusted
community, and it doesn't go unnoticed!
Hi I am Sahil Duseja. I am your host. Will be a pleasure to host you.
Sahil has completed online and offline ID verification.
Learn more »
Homely ambience, cordial service, clean facility, great breakfast, centrally located, easy access to all parts of city - I would rate this facility as excellent. My stay here was comfortable and memorable one. Viji


text:
Palace Grand Hotel
No availability found through our partners. Please contact the business directly or check some of our recommended alternatives.
How has this hotel rated in the past?
Photos of Palace Grand Hotel
Travelers also recommend:
TripAdvisor Reviews Palace Grand Hotel Varese
Travel Blogs from Varese
Come to Como
... was outrageous, sooooo many trucks and of course everything travelling very quickly. It was most tiring for John as the driver. The closer we got to Milan the worse it got, anyway, we survived. Luckily the road basically bypasses Milan and we were soon in Como.
Well a shock we got! The lake is pretty but Como is a huge suburb of Milan really. In fact most of the lake has housing surrounding it, albeit rather flash housing :-). Arrived at ...
Sparkling Lights in Lugano
We arrived in this beautiful city at dusk so we weren't able to get the most out of it. Stayed there only for one hour and we spent that time in Parco Civico capturing the flickering lights of the city surrounded by mountains. The view from the shores of Lake Lugano was fascinating. It's truly a must-visit city and I'd love to go back and see it in broad daylight. ...
Milano, Milano
... We spent some time wandering around Piazza del Duomo and ended up in a pizza place. We were in Italy after all! Ofcouse we didn't forget to stroll through the infamous Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II and visited the bull for good luck. As you make a wish you have to place your heel and turn three times clockwise. Plus the couples going down to church with bottles of wine in their hands were worth admiring. On our first ...
Just botelloning in Milan
... mainly actually interested in the affairs of Korea which proves that I am still more Korean at heart but maybe if I settle down in the states things will change.
We had a total of 2 McDonald meals in Milan since there really wasn't any better cheap places to eat at. The trip in Italy will really be about finding the balance between price and quality when it comes to food. Cause as Monique wisely put it there is few things worse than bad food and few things better than great ...
MV Agusta Country
... only build a limited number as so much of the work is done by hand - no robots helping here! There were no photos allowed during the tour but we were able to take a couple in the last room we entered where the finished bikes were awaiting deliver to their new owners.
We then went in to Varese for lunch and were surprised at the size of this town - much bigger than we thought with many large homes and colourful gardens.


text:
The blue social bookmark and publication sharing system.
M. van Herk, Jan C. de Munck, M. T. J. G. Groenewegen, A. R. Peters, and A. Touw. MICCAI, volume 2208 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, page 1281-1282. Springer, (2001)
BibSonomy is offered by the KDE group of the University of Kassel, the DMIR group of the University of Würzburg, and the L3S Research Center, Germany.


text:
Time for Calipari to Stop Kid's Stuff, Turn Pro
As midnight approached on Monday, Kentucky Wildcats head coach John Calipari looked like a man who had just gone one-on-one with a grizzly bear in a dark forest. He limped to the podium on a bum right hip that
Tuck: A Unique One Shining Moment
Kentucky and Connecticut have both been part of history, and one will make more of it's own tonight.
Gators Fall To Huskies In Final Four
It all began with Connecticut and how fitting that it would end with them four months later. The UConn Huskies defeated the Florida Gators 63-53 on Saturday night, sending them to the championship game. The last time Connecticut played
Wisconsin Badgers Road to the Final 4
Tuck and O'Neill talks to Andy Coppens of Madtown Badgers and Bleacher Report about the Wisconsin Badgers run to the Final 4. Why you should listen: Andy Coppens discusses the highlights and keys to the Wisconsin Badgers season including
Tuck: Gators And Wildcats Can Each Make Very Different History
Florida and Kentucky, if they meet, will make for as unique a final pairing as there ever has been in the NCAA tournament.
Final 4 Storylines
Tuck and O'Neill talk to CSN/Washington College Basketball Insider Daniel Martin about what occured over the weekend in the Elite 8 and look ahead to the Final 4. Why you should listen: Daniel Martin give his thoughts on UConn, Wisconsin,
Why has the SEC Been So Succesful in the Tournament?
Tuck and O'Neill talked to NBCSports.com's College Basketball Insider Vin Parise about the Sweet 16 Round. Why you should listen: Tuck and O'Neill talked to Vin Parise about what has unfolded so far in the NCAA Tournament leading up to
Tuck: Ranking The Top College Basketball Coaches Today
There are 11 active coaches that have won a national championship and I am only ranking the top ten.
NCAA Tournament Is Back At The Garden
Madison Square Garden gets together again with the NCAA tournament this weekend for the
Sweet 16 Preview
Tuck and O'Neill talked to Daniel Martin of CSN/Washington about the NCAA Tournament and Maryland moving from the ACC to the Big 10. Why you should listen: Tuck and O'Neill talked to Daniel Martin who covers College Basketball about the


text:
Already a member? Log in.
About us…
This is a group for moms and children who want have fun and make friends. Things we do include: at home play dates, crafts. going to the park, or going to the zoo. Mom's night out or a mom's night In to enjoy some adult communication. We are looking for some moms within the area to build strong and lasting friendships.We do have a fee once a year of $12 to help run the website and contribute to parties and so forth.
Meetup members, Log in
By clicking "Sign up" or "Sign up using Facebook", you confirm that you accept our Terms of Service & Privacy Policy


text:
Gold Nanoparticles Help Red Blood Cells Deliver Drugs 36
from the nanosharks-with-lasers dept.
We've improved Slashdot's video section; now you can view our video interviews, product close-ups and site visits with all the usual Slashdot options to comment, share, etc. No more walled garden! It's a work in progress -- we hope you'll check it out (Learn more about the recent updates).
But how do they get the laser there? If it were near the surface, a laser could be used. But deeper in the body, liver, brain, etc., how do you get laser light in there to cause the drug bomb to be dropped?
It's been a while since I studied optical therapy (before dropping out a PhD program in medical biophysics), but I'm pretty sure I remember that you can use fiber-optics. I think it's relatively "easy" (and not too invasive) to poke the patient with a fine fiber-optic cable (guided by ultrasound, I suppose) that delivers the laser light at the target site. In theory, I suppose they might be able to leave the fiber-optics in the patient for a while to deliver treatment over a few days/weeks (like a sort of "optical catheter").
Now, I only had about four weeks of classes on optical therapy 6 years ago (as part of a course that also covered thermal and radiation therapies), so I'm only barely more qualified to write on the subject than most anonymous internet jackasses. That said, I do have a clear memory of slides from class with patients with fiber-optic cables poking into their heads or other parts of their bodies, so I remember that it can be done.
"Life sucks, but it's better than the alternative." -- Peter da Silva


text:
2015 Mountain Bikes
Garmin Computers
2015 Road Bikes
Dodging Doors - Riding in traffic, there's always a risk of someone in a parked car unknowingly opening their car door and striking you as you ride past, which is called getting "doored" and can be a serious accident. To avoid it, always ride at least three feet from parked cars, look inside parked vehicles for drivers ready to exit, never pass vehicles on the right, and always exercise extreme caution when a car stops in front of you or double parks in your path. Also, remember that it's perfectly legal to move out of the bike lane if a hazard such as a parked car exists.Tip courtesy of the League of American Bicyclists (bikeleague.org).


text:
favorite scene per episode: season 1 [7/7]
favorite scene per episode: season 1 [7/7]
It's handled.
But just stand here with me, for one minute. Let's not go back in there or talk or think for one minute. We just stand here, and I'm not the candidate and you're not the campaign fixer. We're just us. One minute, for one minute. Just stand here with me. One minute.
Choose Nissan
One more minute.
favorite scene per episode: season 1 [1/7]
1.01 - sweet baby
(Decided to start a "favorite" series for Scandal. I hope you enjoy. :) Oh, and please refrain from any judgement for the favorite scenes that will be given.)
2.21 - Any Questions?
Let me do my job.
Fav of the Night: 9/25/2014


text:
adage.com news
- To Battle Isis' Message, We'll Need Slickly Produced Content That's Just as CompellingIt's easy to postulate that ad guys, who are adept at telling brand stories, can turn the tide against the forces of chaos and repression.
- How Facebook's Custom Audiences Won Over Adland...match rate when using Custom Audiences to target their Facebook campaigns.
Starcom MediaVestGroup's senior VP-social media Kevin Lange said Custom Audiences has...
- Publicis Groupe Launches Media Network Blue 449...Oriental hotel group and Carphone Warehouse, will become Blue 449 clients.
Starcom MediaVestGroup, also owned by Publicis Groupe, announced plans two years ago to...
- People on the Move: Beeby Clark + Meyler Taps Five Execs...accounts at IgnitionOne . She was also an associate media director at
Starcom MediaVestand worked for Microsoft in their search division. Michael Civins joined BCM...
- GM Taps Starcom Vet Halvorson as Media-Strategy Director...of global marketing services. Mr. Halvorson was global managing director for
Starcom MediaVestfor seven years, where he oversaw the global relationship with $35 billion...
Honda: #XboxUpload Agency: Starcom Mediavest, Media: Interactive
Candy Crush: Soda Saga Agency: WCRS, Media: TV/Video
Samsung (UK): Right Up Our Street Agency: Cheil, U.K. Media: TV/Video


text:
Apple Offers Discounts to Adobe Premiere Users 64
from the ooo-slam dept.
We've improved Slashdot's video section; now you can view our video interviews, product close-ups and site visits with all the usual Slashdot options to comment, share, etc. No more walled garden! It's a work in progress -- we hope you'll check it out (Learn more about the recent updates).
Well, according to Andrew Webb on MacInTouch [macintouch.com], Apple says that
This promotion is coming to the UK in the next 7 days. The reason for the slight delay (compared to the US one, which started yesterday) is that we have been
working with Adobe to get the promo up and running in all European countries simultaneously, which is a logistical nightmare. But we're getting there.
(emphasis mine)
So it seems that Adobe is cooperating with Apple on this one (maybe by assuring them that Adobe customers won't be in violat
Blody hell... when are American companies going to stop treat us Australians as second class world citizens???
Porsche: there simply is no substitute. -- Risky Business


text:
Lowe's: Chamberlain belt or Genie Screw Drive?
davenJune 9, 2008
My craftsman died and Lowe's is having a $69 install special. Should I buy the Chamberlain 1/2HP Belt Drive:
Or the Genie 1/2HP SCrew DRive:
The sales associate is pushing the Genie but I saw that another Chamberlain was rated very highly at ConsumerResearch, theWD822KD. They are comparably priced and I need one ASAP. What would you do?


text:
Our special coverage of the closest race for years
Explore the personal stories of Syrian refugees in Lebanon
11 Mar 2004 08:40 GMT
Arriving in Holland on Thursday, both are to face charges of crimes against humanity committed in a 1995 government offensive against Serb rebels. Mladen Markac and Ivan Cermak's decision to hand themselves in is the first concrete sign of the new government's compliance with the tribunal, which is vital for advancing Croatia's European Union membership bid. Some 200 war veterans and friends gave the generals an emotional send-off at Zagreb airport, culminating in a rendition of the national anthem before the pair boarded the plane. Cermak and Markac are expected to enter their plea at the tribunal on Friday, and are likely to be sent home to await their respective trials. Charges
According to the indictment, made public by the tribunal on Monday, Cermak and Markac participated in a "joint criminal enterprise" together with the late President Franjo Tudjman, with the aim of purging the ethnic Serb population. Their counts include murder of civilians, plunder and damage or outright destruction of the property of Serb population. "Ivan Cermak and Mladen Markac had the power, authority and responsibility to prevent or punish serious violations of international humanitarian law committed by Croatian forces during and after Operation Storm," the indictment said. A wealthy oil businessman, Cermak ran the former rebel stronghold of Knin after its capture.
Croatia's PM said some of the charges were unacceptableMarkac commanded special police units that took part in the offensive and later combed the area. Scores of elderly Serb civilians were randomly killed after the offensive but few of the murders came to trial. EU carrot
Croatia's PM said some of the charges were unacceptable
Prime Minister Ivo Sanader, whose government is under pressure to cooperate fully with the tribunal or face damaging delays in getting EU candidate status and starting entry talks, said some parts of the indictments were unacceptable.
"We are looking for the most effective way to dispute those in court". He did not elaborate but said some parts of the indictments distorted the nature of Croatia's 1991-95 war of independence against Serb rebels backed by the Yugoslav army. President Stjepan Mesic said he was willing to testify on Cermak's behalf, saying Cermak had been in charge of restoring civilian life in Knin and its surrounding area and had no control over military activities.
Mesic visited the area as an opposition politician at the time. Croatia also received a changed indictment for General Ante Gotovina, who was first indicted in 2001 and went underground.
Croatia's bid to join the EU, submitted last February, is heavily dependent on its ability to prove it is making every effort to locate and arrest the fugitive general.
Source: Reuters
Trash is a fast-growing import in the Scandinavian country, which turns it into heat for people's homes.
Environment, Europe, Sweden
Critics say the UK's home secretary is using Muslims as a 'political punchbag' in a bid to shore up right-wing support.
Human Rights, Politics, Racism
2014 was the worst year in more than a decade for polio infections, with at least 306 new cases reported.
Polio, Asia, Pakistan
Recent court ruling finds police unit not guilty of rounding up and executing 42 Muslim men during 1987 communal riots.
Human Rights, India, Asia
It is a source of sustenance but also of tension and new political realities are now increasing uncertainty.
Egypt, Sudan, Middle East
A media post-mortem into the UK's surveillance report. Plus, why five years on in Argentina the media looks so familiar.
Media, Edward Snowden, Security
The untold story of how the Lebanese community overcame the odds and found their place in multicultural Australia.
Asia Pacific, Australia, Lebanon
How to keep a telenovela profitable and demanding sponsors happy while inspiring the production team to stay passionate.
Arts & Culture, Mexico, Latin America


text:
I am looking for an SSO solution that can be customized according to our needs. From what i saw over the internet it seems that Shibboleth and JOSSO are solutions that just need to be installed and configured. My question is to what extent can they be customized to use with web apps.Please consider following points.
- control over cookies and session management
- integration with existing authentication mechanisms being used for the app (e.g. two factor authentication)
- collection of data from the user at the time of registration.
Suggestions on any other frameworks and approaches are welcome


text: Stories A turning point for Ferguson Darren Wilson's supporters 'won't back down' The prosecutor's perception problem In Ferguson, violence gives way to calm Thousands raised for cop who shot Brown Do you agree with fundraising for Wilson? Americans racially divided on Ferguson A political awakening in Ferguson? PoliticsNation A historically 'bad city' for blacks 'The climate of the community has changed' Michael Brown's grand jury, explained Two key facts still unknown in Brown's death Nixon orders National Guard to leave Ferguson Rachel Maddow Those aren't gang signs Evidence presented in Michael Brown case Rachel Maddow Paul Ryan on Ferguson: 'Let law... PoliticsNation Attorney General: 'I am also a black man' A calmer night in Ferguson despite tension Rachel Maddow A 'turning point' in Ferguson? PoliticsNation 'Turning point' in Ferguson Timeline of a tragedy Rachel Maddow Another fatal shooting incident unfolds... Rachel Maddow Damned if he does; damned if he doesn't PoliticsNation St. Louis cops involved in fatal shooting Photog arrested taking pictures in Ferguson Poll: Will Officer Wilson be charged? Rachel Maddow Missouri GOP leader calls Ferguson... PoliticsNation Holder addresses Ferguson Pages< 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 >


text:
During the 1820s and 1830s, northern antislavery groups that demanded the immediate abolition of slavery began to emerge. Led by abolitionists such as William Lloyd Garrison, Arthur Tappan, and Theodore Weld, they instituted an aggressive print campaign against slavery. Abolitionist societies published newspapers and pamphlets that bitterly condemned slavery and called for its extinction. Needless to say, abolitionist literature was not well-received in slaveholding states, including Virginia.
In 1835, a Frederick County, Virginia, grand jury issued a criminal presentment against the Abolition Society of New York. In a lengthy and strongly worded indictment, the grand jury referred to the antislavery organization as an "evil of great magnitude" and accused it of disturbing the peace of the commonwealth and threatening the lives of its citizens by inciting slaves to rebel. The grand jury encouraged local law enforcement agencies throughout Virginia to adopt "increasing vigilance … in the detection of all fanatical emissaries, and in the suppression of their nefarious schemes and publications." Furthermore, it called on the General Assembly to enforce present laws and enact stricter legislation against written or printed material that encouraged slave insurrection. The presentment also named Arthur Tappan, whom the grand jury considered to be the "prime mover" in the society. Tappan helped found the Abolition Society of New York in 1831, which two years later evolved into the American Anti-Slavery Society.… read more »
"It was a hot summer day on August 5, 1865, when George Kiner and Diana Bumgardner arrived at the courthouse in Augusta County, Virginia, to apply for a marriage license. They brought with them an order from Capt. John Collins, Provost Marshall, directing the court to issue the license as 'they being in all respects entitled to such license.' While there were other couples that day applying for marriage licenses, George and Diana were the only couple with such an order. This was indeed a historical event as they were the first African American couple to be issued a marriage license in Augusta County."
-African American Marriage Index 1865-1899, Augusta County, Virginia
At first glance the story of George Kiner and Diana Bumgardner is one of love triumphing over the tragedies of slavery and war. But documents found in the Augusta County Chancery Causes reveal not a lovely wedding born of true love, but a shotgun affair with a groom forced to the altar at gunpoint. In his bill for divorce filed in the Augusta County courts in February 1866, George Coiner (the predominant spelling in court documents was Coiner, but Kiner and Koiner were also used) painted a less than idealistic picture of his wedding day. George Coiner, a former slave, was working in a field when two armed soldiers, one white and the … read more »
The colonial era Northampton County court records tell a fascinating story of a woman named Jane Webb. Born of a white mother, she was a free mulatto, formerly called Jane Williams. In 1704, Jane Webb had "a strong desire to intermarry with a certain negro slave … commonly called and known by the name of Left." Webb informed Left's owner Thomas Savage, a gentleman of Northampton County, of her desire to marry Left and made an offer to Savage. She would be a servant of Savage's for seven years and would let Savage "have all the children that should be bornd [sic] upon her body during the time of [Jane's] servitude," but for how long the children were to be bound is not clear. In return, Savage would allow Jane Webb to marry his slave, and after Jane's period of servitude ended, Savage would free Left. Also, neither Savage nor his heirs could claim any child born to Jane Webb and Left after her period of servitude. Savage agreed to Jane Webb's offer, and an agreement was written and signed by both parties.
Jane Webb fulfilled her part of the agreement and served Savage for seven years. During that time, she had three children by her husband Left—Diana or Dinah Webb, Daniel Webb, and Francis Webb. After she completed her term of service in 1711, … read more »
On 13 November 1860, J.S. Moore of Indiana wrote a letter to his Virginia relative Doctor Thomas Moore. Much of the letter has to do with health matters and the vibrant Indiana economy. The "Indiana Moore" then turned his attention to the recent 1860 presidential election. He provides "Virginia Moore" his thoughts on Abraham Lincoln, the Republican Party, the Democratic Party, and who was responsible for the secession crisis pervading the nation at the time.
"I suppose Lincoln is elected President and report says the result has created a consternation in the South and an effort is being made to adopt a plan for secession. It does appear to me that it is folly and madness on their part to attempt resistance at all events until Lincoln or his party is guilty of an overt act that would justify such a procedure if justifiable it could be. I know that Mr. Lincoln holds today principles that you and I use to battle for under the leadership of Henry Clay.
And I do say when the Republican Party is assailed the assault is not made on their principles but a misrepresentation of those principles and I hold the Democratic Party responsible for the ill feeling engendered both North and South. They persist in saying here at home that the Republican Party proposes to make war on
A small slip of paper on display in the Library of Virginia's latest exhibition You Have No Right: Law and Justice in Virginia, running 24 September 2012-18 May 2013, was of immense importance to twelve people. It discloses, even though it does not state the fact in so many words, that on 2 May 1772 they gained their freedom after being held in slavery since each of them was born. The piece of paper and the fates of those Virginians illuminates a disturbing and little-known part of Virginia's history, the enslavement of American Indians.
The paper came into the possession of the Library of Virginia in 1988 when it acquired a copy of volume two of John Tracy Atkyns, Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the High Court of Chancery in the Time of Lord Chancellor Hardwicke . . . (London, 1765–1768) that had once been in the library of the colonial government in Williamsburg. One of the librarians in the cataloguing section showed it to me, knowing of my interest in that library. When she lifted it from her desk to hand it to me, a piece of paper that had been slipped between leaves in the middle of the volume fell out and fluttered to the floor. We were surprised, and I was even more surprised when I saw what … read more »
The Library of Virginia is pleased to announce the addition of Surry County to the cohabitation register digitization project. This project, via the Virginia Memory website, aims to index, digitize, transcribe, and provide access to all known Virginia cohabitation registers and the related registers of children whose parents had ceased to cohabit.
The Surry County register contains some of the most delightful names that one may have had the opportunity to run across in a historical document. Could one of these fine folks be an ancestor of yours?
Cohabitation registers are among the most important genealogical resources for African-Americans attempting to connect their family lines back through the oftentimes murky past to their enslaved ancestors. The registers date from 1866 and provide a snapshot in time for the individuals recorded therein and a wealth of information that may otherwise be impossible, or at least very difficult, to uncover. Cohabitation registers were the legal vehicles by which former slaves legitimized both their marriages and their children. The information … read more »
"In the time worn and musty old folios long since filed away in our public offices, there is many a fact recorded that has occured [sic] under the personal observation of no one now living; and which if placed within the reach of the public, would go farther to give us a knowledge of the manners, customs, and character of the pioneers of Augusta County than all the histories that have been written on our native state."
These words were written by a young lawyer who was researching court records filed in the Augusta County courthouse in the early 1830's. He was amazed by the amount of history found in the old court papers. He discovered stories about the first settlers of western Virginia and the many obstacles they encountered in their efforts to start a new life in an untamed wilderness. He read about events that happened during the French and Indian War and Revolutionary War. The young lawyer came across suits in which the litigants talked about their migration down the Shenandoah Valley from western Pennsylvania to Kentucky, Tennessee, and Georgia. Mesmerized by what he was reading, the young lawyer wanted to make his discoveries in the court records available to the public, and so, he wrote a letter to the editor of an unidentified newspaper requesting a weekly column in which he … read more »


text:
Narrow your search
Technically Incorrect: A prankster troupe invades an Apple store, masquerading as employees. What results is instructive.
The electronics titans square off in a tangled tale of mobile technology, centered on Apple's iPhone
The closely watched sex discrimination case is winding down, but both sides know that whatever the jury decides could have far-reaching implications.
Good news for laptop and smartphone buyers: a novel flash-memory design should cut costs and boost capacity.
Technically Incorrect: A parody video shows just one of the dilemmas that people might soon be suffering when they have a watch and a phone that take calls.
After hearing compelling closing arguments, the jury now gets to decide the winner in Silicon Valley's highest-profile sex discrimination case.
While it has a few small drawbacks, this tiny $99 pico projector is a nifty iPhone accessory that produces a picture that's good enough for casual viewing.
Pricing not available
The space agency has just announced plans to fly to an asteroid, snag a boulder, fly back toward Earth and put the rock in orbit around the moon. Because science.
The Black & Decker Lithium Vacuum is mediocre and tedious to use. It needs to be better than that to be worth its $300 price point.
Technically Incorrect: The S-Max is equipped with an Intelligent Speed Limiter, which reads speed limit road signs and slows you down accordingly.
Shipping enough air to the International Space Station from Earth to keep the astronauts alive would be a costly business. Here's what they do instead.