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Board of directors' report 2011 - Vaisala
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Automatic weather stations
Aviation weather systems
Lightning data services
Lightning sensors
Meteorological data management systems
Multi-weather sensors
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Wildfires Started by Lightning; Confirmed by STRIKEnet
Equatorial Lightning Circles the Globe - Strokes Detected by GLD360
GLD360 - A Unique Window to the World
Vaisala Thunderstorm Total Lightning Sensor TLS200 Detecting Intense Thunderstorms in Brazil
About 50 Weather Radars Delivered Since 2008, Vaisala Dual Polarization Weather Radar Proved the Best
Large Hole in Lightning Over D. R. Congo
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Vaisala Fixed Site Observation System AWS520
Vaisala Automatic Weather Station AWS310
Vaisala Maritime Observation System AWS430
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GM20 Series Carbon Dioxide Transmitters for Demand Controlled Ventilation Applications
GM70 Hand-Held Carbon Dioxide Meter for Spot-Checking Applications
Vaisala CARBOCAP Carbon Dioxide Calibrator GMK220 for the GMP220 series probes
GMM111 Carbon Dioxide Module for Flow-Through Measurements
GMM112 Carbon Dioxide Module for HVAC Applications
GMM220 Carbon Dioxide Modules for Demanding OEM Applications
GMP231 CARBOCAP® Carbon Dioxide Probe for CO2 Incubators
GMP343 Carbon Dioxide Probe for Demanding Measurements
GMT220 Series Carbon Dioxide Transmitters for Industrial Applications
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DMT340 Series Dewpoint and Temperature Transmitters for Very Dry Conditions
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DMT152 Dewpoint Transmitter for Low Dew Point Measurement in OEM Applications
DPT145 Multiparameter Transmitter for SF6 Gas
DPT146 Dewpoint and Pressure Transmitter for Compressed Air
DMT143 Miniature Dewpoint Transmitter for OEM Applications
DMT132 Dewpoint Transmitter for Refrigerant Dryers
DM70 Hand-Held Dewpoint Meter for Spot-Checking Applications
DSS70A Portable Sampling System and Sampling Cells for DM70
OEM Modules
Vaisala HUMICAP® Humidity and Temperature Transmitter Series HMT310
HMT120/130 Humidity and Temperature Transmitters for Cleanrooms and Light Industrial Applications
HMT360 Series Intrinsically Safe Humidity and Temperature Transmitters
HMW90 Series Humidity and Temperature Transmitters for High Performance HVAC Applications
HMD/W80 Humidity and Temperature Transmitters for Standard HVAC Applications
HMD60/70 Humidity and Temperature Transmitters for Ducts in HVAC Applications
HM70 Hand-Held Humidity and Temperature Meter for Demanding Spot-Checking Applications
SHM40 Structural Humidity Measurement Kit
Vaisala HUMICAP® Humidity and Temperature Probe HMP155
Vaisala HUMICAP® Humidity and Temperature Probe HMP113
HMP110 Humidity and Temperature Probe for Demanding Volume Applications
Vaisala INTERCAP® Humidity and Temperature Probe HMP63
HMP60 Humidity and Temperature Probe for Volume Applications
HMM100 Humidity Module for Environmental Chambers
HMK15 Humidity Calibrator
HMT300TMK Turbine Mounting Kit for Power Turbine Intake Air Measurement
HMT330MIK Meteorological Installation Kit
DTR500 Solar Radiation and Precipitation Shields
HMDW110 Series Humidity and Temperature Transmitters for High-Accuracy Measurements in HVAC Applications
HMS110 Series Humidity and Temperature Transmitters for High-Accuracy Outdoor Measurements in Building Automation
Hydrogen in Oil
MHT410 Moisture, Hydrogen and Temperature Transmitter for Online Transformer Condition Monitoring
Industrial Product Catalog
Moisture in oil
MM70 Hand-Held Moisture and Temperature Meter for Spot-Checking in Oil
MMT162 Compact Moisture in Oil and Temperature Transmitter for OEM Applications
MMT310 Series Moisture and Temperature Transmitters for Oil
MMT330 Moisture and Temperature Transmitter Series for Oil
MHT410 Moisture, Hydrogen and Temperature Transmitter for Online Transformer Condition Monitoring
Multi-weather sensors
Vaisala Weather Transmitter WXT520 Access to Real Time Weather Data
Observation Network Management
Vaisala MetMan Network Software
Vaisala Observation Network Manager NM10
Present weather sensors
Vaisala Present Weather Sensor FS11P
Vaisala Present Weather Detectors PWD22 and PWD52
Vaisala Present Weather Detector PWD12
PTU300 Combined Pressure, Humidity and Temperature Transmitter for Demanding Applications
PTB330 Digital Barometer for Professional Meteorology, Aviation, and Industrial Users
PTB210 Digital Barometer for Harsh Environments
PTB110 Barometer for Industrial Use
Vaisala Barometric Pressure Transfer Standard PTB330TS
SPH10/20 Static Pressure Heads for Minimizing Wind Induced Error
Vaisala Differential Pressure Transmitter PDT101
Vaisala Differential Pressure Transmitter PDT102
Vaisala Multiparameter Transmitter DPT145 for SF6 Gas
Vaisala Dewpoint and Pressure Transmitter DPT146 for Compressed Air
Rail Weather Systems
Conductor Rail Ice System
Overhead Wire Ice Weather System
Rail Temperature System
Rail Weather System
Wind Alarm System
Rain & precipitation sensors
Vaisala QMR101 Precipitation Sensor
Vaisala QMR102 Precipitation Sensor
Vaisala DRD11A Rain Detector
Road Weather Systems
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Sounding Systems
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4th Generation Overview
Surface Sensors
Bridge Surface Sensor
DSC111 Remote Surface State Sensor
DST111 Remote Surface Temperature Sensor
DRI521 and DRI511 Intelligent Road/Runway Sensor Interfaces
Vaisala Road / Runway Surface and Depth Sensor DRS511
Vaisala Surface Patrol HD Pavement Temperature and Humidity Sensor Series DSP200
Vaisala Surface Patrol Pavement Temperature Sensor Series DSP100
Vaisala SSI Passive Pavement Sensor FP2000
Thunderstorm and Lightning detection systems
Vaisala Global Lightning Dataset GLD360
National Lightning Detection Network
Vaisala Thunderstorm Total Lightning Sensor TLS200
Vaisala Thunderstorm Advanced Total Lightning Sensor LS7002
Vaisala Total Lightning Processor™, TLP100 and TLP200 Series on Linux
Vaisala Thunderstorm Total Lightning Database TLD100 and TLD200
Vaisala Thunderstorm Tracking Software LTS2005
Vaisala Thunderstorm Warning System TWX300
Vaisala Fault Analysis and Lightning Location System™ FALLS® Client and FALLS® Server
Vaisala Thunderstorm Local Lightning Sensor TSS928
Vaisala Thunderstorm Electric Field Mill EFM550
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Page Content
Net sales EUR 273.6 million was 8% higher than in 2010. Comparable proforma net sales in 2010, including Veriteq acquisition, were EUR 254.6 million. Operating profit improved by EUR 4.3 million or 36% compared to 2010.
Controlled Environment's net sales performance was stable throughout the year whereas Weather had a very strong fourth quarter compared to quite stable first three quarters.
Net sales increased in APAC region by 20% and in Americas by 10%, but EMEA region decreased by 2%.
Orders received improved significantly in the second half of the year, compared to the first half of 2011. High net sales during the fourth quarter increased the full year net sales to 8% above previous year.
Services sales in 2011 grew by 21% to EUR 40.8 million.
Implementation of the company-wide ERP program progressed in 2011 with go-lives in Germany and the USA. Roll-out will continue until the end of 2012.
In 2011, Vaisala launched 39 products. In 2011 R&D spend was EUR 3.4 million below the 2010 level. In 2011 R&D costs were 10.2% of net sales (12.4%) which is the longer term target level for R&D investment.
Market outlook
Uncertainty in the global economy and shifts in exchange rates are expected to affect Vaisala's business. Based on the structure of Vaisala's customer base and the orders rece¬ived, the company's market situation is expected to remain materially unchanged in 2012.
Financial guidance
Vaisala expects its net sales in 2012 to stay on the same level as in the preceding year. The operating profit is expected to improve moderately. Net sales in 2011 were EUR 273.6 million and operating profit was EUR 16.1 million.
As in previous years, seasonal fluctuation is typical of Vaisala's business, and the first quarter is expected to be modest.
Vaisala's long-term business outlook remains unchanged.
President and CEO Kjell Forsén on Vaisala's result:
The global financial crisis affected our governmental customers' investment capability. The beginning of the year was slow, but demand increased during the second half of the year especially in Weather business area and resulted in significantly increased order intake and sales.
During the year solid revenue growth continued in Asia-Pacific amounting to 20%. Also Americas did well growing by 10% whereas in Europe revenues declined by 2%.
Our delivery capability was good throughout the year, and especially our capacity to deliver complex projects advanced during 2011.
Strong performance in the industrial business continued in 2011. Controlled Environment increased their net sales by 13% and the operating profit by 18%. Roll-out of the Life Science offering in Europe and Asia progressed according to the plan.
Vaisala announced on August 31, 2011 that it combines its Meteorology and Weather Critical Operations business areas into one Weather business area from the fourth quarter 2011 onwards.
Our Service business grew by 21% year-on-year amounting to 15% of our total revenues and increasing the share of recurring revenue.
During the year our R&D spending returned to a level of 10% after two years of higher level spending needed to speed up renewal of our offering. Yet a total of 39 new product launches was achieved.
Our opening backlog for 2012 is strong resulting from the increased order intake during second half of 2011. Also our financial position as well as our position in main business areas is strong. Due to the still ongoing global financial crisis the market is, however, not expected to grow.
Market situation, net sales and order book
Uncertainty in the global economy is expected to affect Vaisala's business. In the challenging economic situation Vaisala has nevertheless been able to retain its market shares.
Order intake was strong throughout the second half of 2011 and the year was finished with a 4% higher order book than at the end of 2010. The total value of the order book was EUR 134.3 (129.0) million at the end of December. Of the order book, approximately EUR 13 million will be delivered in 2013 or later.
Orders received decreased by 3% year-on-year and totaled EUR 278.8 (286.7) million.
Vaisala Group's net sales grew by 8% year-on-year and totaled EUR 273.6 (253.2/2010; 231.8/2009) million. Net sales growth came both from Controlled Environment which grew by EUR 8.3 million and from Weather, which grew by EUR 12.0 million. At comparable exchange rates, Vaisala Group's net sales would have grown by 10%.
The organic growth of net sales was 8%. The comparable 2010 proforma net sales including Veriteq acquisition were EUR 254.6 million.
Net sales of Weather grew by 6% and Controlled Environment by 13% (organic growth of combined Vaisala Controlled Environment and Veriteq was 11%).
Operations outside Finland accounted for 98% (97) of net sales.
Net sales in euros increased by 10% in Americas, totaling EUR 110.2 (100.0/2010; 94.3/2009) million. Organic growth in Americas of combined Vaisala, and Veriteq was 9%. Net sales decreased by 2% in the EMEA region to EUR 90.7 (92.4/2010; 84.9/2009) million and increased in the APAC region by 20% to EUR 72.7 (60.8/2010; 52.6/2009) million.
Performance and balance sheet
Operating profit for the financial year was EUR 16.1 (11.8/2010; 12.0/2009) million or 5.9% of net sales. Profit before taxes was EUR 16.1 (14.0/2010; 10.1/2009) million or 5.9% of net sales, up by 15%. Net profit for the financial year was EUR 10.4 (10.2/2010; 6.9/2009) million or 3.8% of net sales and increasing 2% from previous year. Earnings per share for the financial year was EUR 0.57 (0.56/2010; 0.38/2009) and increased 2% from 2010.
Vaisala Group's solvency ratio and liquidity remained strong. On December 31, 2011, the balance sheet total was EUR 250.8 (248.7/2010; 231.4/2009) million. The Group's solvency ratio at the end of the financial year was 74% (76%/2010; 81%/2009).
Vaisala Group's consolidated liquid assets totaled EUR 45.5 (35.3/2010; 50.1/2009) million.
Capital expenditure
Gross capital expenditure totaled EUR 16.7 (30.1/2010; 27.7/2009) million.
The majority of the 2011 capital expenditure is related to Helsinki factory renovation.
Vaisala announced on August 31, 2011 that it combines its Meteorology and Weather Critical Operations business areas into one Weather business area starting October 1, 2011. Results for the Weather business area have been calculated from previous reported numbers by combining the results of the previous Meteorology and Weather Critical Operations business areas.
Net sales of Weather increased by 6% year-on-year to EUR 201.8 (189.8/2010; 182.6/2009) million. At comparable exchange rates, the net sales would have increased by 8%. Business growth was coming mainly from sales to airports customers.
Operating profit for financial year 2011 was EUR 5.9 (3.8/2010; 8.9/2009) million. The positive development was a result of fixed cost reductions of EUR 5.6 million or 6% from previous year's level. R&D costs reduced by as much as 12% year-on year and R&D costs were 11.0% of net sales (13.3%).
The value of orders received for Weather was EUR 209.1 (220.4) million and the order book stood at EUR 130.3 million at the end of 2011.
Controlled Environment
Net sales of Controlled Environment grew by 13% year-on-year to EUR 71.7 (63.4/2010; 49.2/2009) million. In comparable exchange rates, the net sales would have grown by 14%. The organic growth of combined Vaisala Controlled Environment and Veriteq was 11%. The comparable 2010 pro forma net sales including Veriteq acquisition were EUR 64.8 million. The organic growth at comparable exchange rates would have been 12%. Strongest growth was seen in Europe 18%, China 16% and USA 12%.
Operating profit for 2011 was EUR 10.5 (8.9/2010; 3.4/2009) million. Operating profit increased by 18% despite the continued growth investments in Life Science related sales and marketing. Additionally Vaisala's and Veriteq's sales organizations were combined to achieve desired cross-selling synergies.
Strong demand for the whole offering continued throughout 2011. The value of orders received for Controlled Environment was EUR 69.7 (66.3) million and the order book stood at EUR 4.0 million at the end of 2011.
Product Launches
In total, Vaisala launched 39 products in 2011 of which 28 in Weather and 11 in Controlled Environment. The most significant product launches were:
First quarter: Vaisala Automatic Weather Station AWS330, a WMO compliant off-the-shelf automatic weather station for professional meteorology; updates to for the Vaisala Road Weather Navigator; the IRIS Weather radar software release 8.12.8; the HMP110T, temperature probe; the Vaisala Dropsonde RD94 for deployment from a variety of aircraft and the related AVAPS II upgrade packages; the Vaisala Differential Pressure Transmitters PDT101 and PDT102 that are designed especially for demanding cleanroom applications to measure very low differential pressures; and the Vaisala HUMICAP® Dewpoint Transmitter for refrigerant dryers.
Second quarter: Vaisala Thunderstorm Total Lightning Sensor TLS200, with improved quality, easier maintenance and serviceability and overall improved operator interface; the Vaisala Wind Measurement System WTS specifically engineered for wind resource assessment, power curve measurement and monitoring operational wind farms; the Vaisala Veriteq Continuous Monitoring System viewLinc 3.6, the latest iteration of the viewLinc software gives customers the ability to directly integrate their monitoring devices with Vaisala's continuous monitoring system; the Vaisala Single Polarization Doppler Weather Radar WRK100 and the Vaisala Dual Polarization Doppler Weather Radar WRK200, both equipped with klystron radar technology; and MODBUS communication protocol features for the HMT330 series transmitters.
Third quarter: Vaisala INTERCAP® Humidity and Temperature Transmitters HMD42/53 for humidity and temperature measurement in heating and ventilation ducts; Vaisala Mobile Ceilometer CL31M which is based on the CL31 Ceilometer platform and utilizes single-lens technology; Software Release for DSC111 remote road surface state sensor; Vaisala Dewpoint and Pressure Transmitter DPT146 for compressed air, the first transmitter on the market that monitors two of the most important measurements in compressed air: dewpoint and process pressure.
Fourth quarter: Vaisala Multi-parameter Transmitter DPT145 for SF6 Gas for online monitoring of SF6 (sulfur hexafluoride) insulation condition in high voltage equipment; new software release for Road Weather Advisor, RoadDSS Observer and RoadDSS Navigator; Vaisala Veriteq 1200 Series Data Logger, a replacement and upgrade to the 1000-LT series of Logger; Vaisala MARWIN MW32 Software Version 1.1.6; Vaisala Thunderstorm Total Lightning Database TLD100 and TLD200 based on a Linux operating system and PostgreSQL relational database; Vaisala Fault Analysis and Lightning Location System FALLS® 5.1 and FALLS® Server 5.1, a client application that allows you to query previously recorded lightning information in a GIS (geographic information systems) environment. FALLS Server is the lightning data management processor module that receives and stores real-time lightning data from the Vaisala Thunderstorm central processor.
Other functions
Research and development
Expenditure in research and development totaled EUR 28.0 (31.4/2010; 28.4/2009) million. The share of research and development expenses of the Group's net sales reduced to 10% from previous year's 12%.
One off costs of EUR 1.5 million relating to the consolidation of R&D activities were booked in the fourth quarter.
Vaisala's service business is reported as part of Weather and Controlled Environment. Services sales grew by 21% during 2011 and totaled EUR 40.8 (33.8/2010; 28.1/2009) million.
Growth in the Services business came mainly from the roads, airports and industrial customers.
The average number of people employed in the Vaisala Group in the financial year was 1 386 (1 408/2010; 1 302/2009). The number of employees at the end of the financial year was 1 394 people. 44% (43/2010; 44/2009) of the personnel was based outside Finland. R&D headcount was 248 (286/ 2010; 266/2009) in average during 2011 and 18% (20/2010; 20/2009) of the employees worked in R&D.
Salaries paid by the company are based on local collective and individual agreements, individual performance and the demand level of each job. The base salaries are supplemented by results-based bonus systems, which cover all Vaisala personnel. The total sum of salaries and bonuses paid in 2011 was EUR 63.9 (68.8/2010; 63.3/2009) million.
Vaisala has two types of incentive plans; one based on the development of operative cash flow and profitability covering all employees, and the other, three-year plan, based on the development of profitability and covering key personnel.
Changes in the company's management
Hannu Katajamäki was appointed Executive Vice President, Vaisala Services and a member of Vaisala's Business and Strategic Management Groups starting April 1, 2011. Scott Sternberg, the former head of Vaisala Services, continues as President, Vaisala Inc and remains a member of Vaisala's Strategic Management Group.
Vesa Pylvänäinen was appointed Executive Vice President, Vaisala Operations and a member of Vaisala's Business and Strategic Management Groups. He started in his new position on May 9, 2011.
Kaarina Muurinen was appointed Vaisala's Chief Financial Officer and a member of Vaisala's Business and Strategic Management Groups. She started in her new position on September 19, 2011. Jouni Lintunen, the former CFO, has taken on new responsibilities within Vaisala.
Riina Kirmanen, Director of Marketing, was appointed a member of Vaisala's Strategic Management Group starting October 1, 2011.
Kai Konola, the head of former Weather Critical Operations Business Area, was appointed Executive Vice President, Weather Business Area and a member of Vaisala's Business and Strategic Management Groups starting October 1, 2011 after the Meteorology and Weather Critical Operations business areas were combined. Martti Husu, head of former Meteorology Business Area, took on a new position in Vaisala.
Risk management
Organization of risk management
Vaisala has a risk management policy that has been approved by the Board of Directors and that covers the company's business, operational, hazard and financing risks. Vaisala's strategic management group regularly assesses risk management policy, and the scope, adequacy and focus areas of related practices. The policy aims at ensuring the safety of the company's personnel, operations and products as well as the continuity of operations. The policy also covers intellectual capital, corporate image and brand protection.
Risk management is integrated into business processes and operations and each employee's daily work. This is accomplished by the risk management process that was approved by Vaisala's strategic management group in 2010. The deployment of the risk management process has continued in 2011 and now covers half of the businesses and functions.
The risk management process is a continuous tool for risk identification and management. The purpose of the process is to support the company's strategy and planning process and to provide more information, supporting better decision making.
Vaisala's risk management process consists of risk identification, risk assessment, risk management actions, follow-up and risk reporting. Risks are reported to the strategic management group quarterly. The most significant risks are reported to the board annually and whenever considered necessary.
Risk management in Vaisala is not a separate process, but it operates as part of the company's operating calendar.
More detailed operational instructions are defined by the strategic management group. These include approval, bidding and procurement authorizations and terms of payments.
Usual risks related to international business affect Vaisala's operating environment. The most significant of these are risks relating to changes in the global economy, currency exchange rates (with particular respect to the U.S. dollar), supply network management and production activities. Vaisala monitors these risks and prepares for them in accordance with the company's risk management policy. In addition Vaisala is exposed to changes in global trade, technology or in political and economic environments and natural disasters. These may affect Vaisala's business in terms of for example component availability, order cancellations, logistics and loss in market potential.
Group-level insurance programs have been established to deal with manageable operational risks. These programs cover risks relating to property damage, business interruption, different liabilities, transport and business travel. Vaisala's ability to tolerate risks is good and the company has a strong capital structure, ensuring capital adequacy.
Near-term risks and uncertainties
The most significant near term risks and uncertainties are estimated to relate to the company's ability to maintain its delivery capability, availability of critical components, changes in the global economy, shifts of currency exchange rates, interruptions in manufacturing, customers' financing capability, changes in purchasing or investment behavior, and delays or cancellations of orders and deliveries. The changes in the competitive landscape may affect the volume and profitability of the business by introducing new competitors and price erosion in areas that traditionally have been strong for the company, which may constitute risks for both the net sales and profit.
Market development and the realization of projects in the industrial business affect the net sales and operating result. The company has additionally expanded its project activities into emerging markets where the profitability of the projects is lower than normally, due to the market-making nature of the business. The share of project business out of the total business volume is also growing. Should the assumptions regarding the profitability and new business opportunities in the project business prove wrong, this may constitute risks for Vaisala's net sales and profit.
Changes in subcontractor relations, their operations or operating environment may have a negative impact on Vaisala's business. Vaisala monitors these risks and prepares for them in accordance with the company's risk management policy.
Vaisala is currently implementing significant development projects, which are building the foundation for a successful execution of Vaisala's strategy. A new Group-wide ERP system is in the implementation phase.
Vaisala has made acquisitions and their impact on net sales and operating result depends essentially on the success of integration activities. In case the assumptions about achievable synergies prove incorrect or the integration fails, these constitute a short-term risk regarding Vaisala's net sales and result.
Interest rate risk
The company has no significant interest-bearing liabilities or receivables. Interest rate risk arises from the effects of interest rate changes on interest-bearing receivables and liabilities in different currencies. According to the company's management, the interest rate risk is currently immaterial if the interest rate changes. Interest rate changes affect the fair value of both cash flows and investments. A change of one percent point in the interest rate would affect the company's result after taxes by around EUR 73 (EUR 56) thousand, calculated on an approximate cash position of EUR 9.9 (EUR 7.5) million. Further information on interest-bearing receivables is given in Note 21.
Market risk on investment activity
At the end of 2011 there were no significant investments. Further information on assets recognized at fair value through profit and loss is given in Note 20.
Currency risk
The international nature of operations exposes the Group to risks that arise when investments in different currencies are converted into the parent company's functional currency. The most significant currencies for the Group are the US dollar, the Japanese yen and the British pound. The Group has many investments in its foreign subsidiaries, whose net assets are exposed to currency risks. The Group does not hedge the currency risks related to its subsidiaries' net assets. The separate table features a sensitivity analysis on how changes in the rates of the most important currencies for the Group and in the euro, both in terms of average rate and balance sheet day rate, would affect the consolidated profit after taxes. The sensitivity analysis calculation does not incorporate the effects of parent company purchases in other currencies during the financial year.
2011 Effect on result after taxes EUR thousand
USD/EUR Exchange rate rise 10% 759.7
Exchange rate fall 10% -744.7
JPY/EUR Exchange rate rise 10% 58.9
Exchange rate fall 10% -48.2
GBP/EUR Exchange rate rise 10% 167.5
Exchange rate fall 10% -155.6
USD/EUR Exchange rate rise 10% 699.0
Exchange rate fall 10% -779.0
JPY/EUR Exchange rate rise 10% 97.7
Exchange rate fall 10% -79.9
GBP/EUR Exchange rate rise 10% 333.1
Exchange rate fall 10% -309.4
The Group recognizes monetary items at net in accounting and hedges them with currency forwards to which the Group does not apply hedge accounting in accordance with IAS 39. Around 42% of the Group's net sales arises in US dollars, 6% in Japanese yens and 3% in British pounds. A significant proportion of Group purchases take place in euros. Currency forwards are used to hedge the net position arising from these. The degree of hedging is around 50 per cent of the order book and trade receivables. The degree of hedging at the end of the financial year was 55%. Hedging is arranged by the parent company (Note 11. Financial income and expenses).
Liquidity risk
The main principles of the liquid assets' investment policy in the order of their priority are a) minimizing credit loss risks, b) ensuring liquidity, and c) maximizing return on investment. The maximum term of investment is 12 months.
The Group aims to continuously assess and observe the level of funding required to finance the business to ensure that the Group has sufficient liquid assets for financing its operations. Group financing is arranged through the parent company, and the financing of the subsidiaries is arranged through internal loans. The parent company also provides the subsidiaries with the necessary credit limit guarantees. The parent company assumes responsibility for financial risk management and for investing surplus liquidity. To fulfill the liquidity need, the parent company has EUR 20 million credit loan limit, which is currently unused. Additionally, the subsidiaries have EUR 1.5 million credit loan limit, currently unused. The company has no other external financial liabilities other than those related to finance leasing (Note 24. Interest-bearing liabilities).
With the company's current balance sheet structure, liquidity risks are immaterial.
Counterparty risk
Liquid assets are directed, within set limits, to investments whose creditworthiness is good. The investments and investment limits are redefined annually. Further information on the classification of investments is given in Note 21. Cash and cash equivalents.
Credit risk
The Group applies a stringent credit issuance policy. Credit risks are hedged by using letters of credit, advance payments and bank guarantees as terms of payment. According to Group management, the company has no material credit risk concentrations, because no individual customer or customer group represents an excessive risk, resulting from global diversification of the company's customer pool. Total credit losses arising from accounts receivable and recognized for the financial year amounted to EUR 0.7 million (0.5), and the total net credit loss for the financial year was EUR 0.7 million (0.5). The maximum amount of the Group's credit risk corresponds with the carrying amount of financial assets at the end of the financial year. The periodic distribution of accounts receivable items is presented in Note 20 in the Notes to the Financial Statements.
Management of capital assets
Management of the Group's capital assets aims at ensuring normal company operation and increasing shareholder value with an optimum capital structure. The goal is to attain the best possible returns over the long term. An optimum capital structure also ensures lower capital costs. Capital structure can be affected through dividend distribution and share repurchases or emission, for example. The Group can alter or adjust the amount of dividend payable to shareholders, the amount of capital returned to them or the number of new shares issued. The company has no significant financial liabilities. The shareholders' equity indicated in the consolidated balance sheet represents the capital assets managed. The company has no interest-bearing debt nor issued covenants.
Internal Control
Vaisala aims to be a good corporate citizen, and an appropriate level of documented internal control policies supports this. According to the Finnish Corporate Governance Code, the purpose of internal control is to ensure the effective and profitable operations of the company, reliable information and compliance with the relevant regulations and operating principles. Internal control aims to improve the efficient fulfillment of the Board's supervision obligation.
Internal control is a process carried out by the Board of Directors, operative management and other employees within Vaisala. It is designed to provide reasonable assurance that the operations are effective, efficient and aligned with strategy, financial reporting and management information is reliable, complete and timely, and the Group is in compliance with applicable laws and regulations as well as Vaisala internal policies and ethical values, including sustainability.
The Vaisala internal control framework consists of:
- Internal control, risk management and corporate governance policies and principles set by the Board of Directors,
- Management overseeing the implementation and application of the policies and principles
- Finance department and business controllers monitoring the efficiency and effectiveness of the operations and reliability of the financial and management reporting
- Enterprise risk management process identifying, assessing and mitigating risks threatening the realization of Vaisala's objectives
- Compliance procedures making sure that all applicable laws, regulations, internal policies and ethical values, including sustainability, are adhered to
- Effective control environment at all organizational levels including control activities tailored for each process and creating group minimum requirements for business and geographical areas
- Shared ethical values and internal control culture among all employees
- Internal audit assignments reviewing the effectiveness of the internal controls as needed.
Internal Control roles and responsibilities
Board of directors
- Is ultimately responsible for the administration and the proper organization of the operations of the company
- Ensures that the company has duly endorsed the corporate values applied to its operations
- Approves the internal control, risk management and corporate governance policies
- The Board of Directors or the President and CEO can assign Vaisala's external auditors or other external service provider to perform internal audit assignments as needed.
President and CEO
- Is in charge of the day-to-day management of the company in accordance with the instructions and orders given by the Board
- Sets the ground of the internal control environment by providing leadership and direction to senior managers and reviewing the way they are controlling the business
- Ensures that the accounting practices of the company comply with the law and that the financial matters are handled in a reliable manner.
Management Group
- Senior managers assign responsibility for establishment of more specific internal control policies and procedures to personnel responsible for the unit's functions. Of particular significance are financial officers and their staffs, whose control activities cut across, as well as up and down, the operating and other units of the group.
Finance and control function
- Helps units and functions to set up adequate control activities
- Together with risk management director, facilitates the enterprise risk management process and reporting its results to the management
- Operatively follows-up the adequacy and effectiveness of control activities.
Internal audit assignments
- Examines and evaluates the adequacy and effectiveness of the organization's governance, risk management process, system of internal control structure, and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities to achieve the organization's stated goals and objectives.
General Counsel, business area and corporate function directors
- Are responsible for making sure that all functions and employees in their responsibility areas adhere to applicable laws, regulations and internal policies.
Vaisala's shares
At the end of 2011, the Group's Board of Directors had no authorizations for increasing the share capital, granting special rights, or issuing stock option rights.
On December 31, 2010, the price of Vaisala's A share in the NASDAQ OMX Helsinki Oy was EUR 20.50, and at the end of 2011, the share price was EUR 16.40. The highest quotation during 2011 was EUR 24.80 and the lowest EUR 15.56. The number of shares traded in the stock exchange during 2011 was 878,205.
On December 31, 2011, Vaisala had 18,218,364 shares, of which 3,389,351 are series K shares and 14,829,013 are series A shares of which 9,150 are held by the company. The shares have no counter book value. The K shares and A shares are differentiated by the fact that each K share entitles its owner to 20 votes at a General Meeting of Shareholders while each A share entitles its owner to 1 vote. The A shares represent 81.4% of the total number of shares and 17.9% of the total votes. The K shares represent 18.6% of the total number of shares and 82.1% of the total votes.
The market value of Vaisala's A shares on December 31, 2011 was EUR 243.0 million, excluding the company's own shares. Valuing the K shares - which are not traded on the stock market - at the rate of the A share's closing price on the final day of the financial year, the total year-end market value of all the A and K shares together was EUR 298.6 million, excluding the company's own shares.
Vaisala's main shareholders are listed on the Group website and in the Notes to the Financial Statements.
The shares give equal rights to dividends. According to the company's Articles of Association, the maximum number of shares is 68,490,017 and Vaisala Group's maximum share capital is EUR 28.8 million. All issued shares have been fully paid for. The shares have no consent or redemption clauses attached to them.
According to the Articles of Association, a K share can be converted into an A share in the manner specified in the Articles.
The number of shares held and controlled by Vaisala Corporation's Board of Directors on December 31, 2011 was 1,320,969; accounting for 14.7% of the total votes (2010: 1,312,249 shares and 14.6% of the total votes). The company's President and CEO owned 2,720 shares.
Conversion of unlisted series K shares into series A
Vaisala Corporation´s 333 unlisted shares (series K) have been converted into listed shares (series A). The conversion has been registered in the Finnish Trade Register on December 22, 2011. Listing of the new series A shares was applied for as of December 23, 2011.
Treasury shares and parent company shares
At the end of the financial year, the company held a total of 9,150 Vaisala A shares, which represented 0.05% of the share capital and 0.01% of the votes. The consideration paid for these shares was EUR 251,898.31.
Board of Directors
Members of the Board
In accordance with Vaisala Corporation's Articles of Association, the company's Board of Directors comprises at least four (4) and at most eight (8) members. According to current practice, the Board comprises seven members. All Board members are appointed by a General Meeting of Shareholders. The Board elects a Chairman and a Vice Chairman from among its members.
Term of office of members of the Board
In deviation from recommendation no. 10 of the Finnish Corporate Governance Code, the term of office of members of the Board is not one year. Instead, the term of office is 3 years, as stipulated in the Articles of Association. The term of office begins after the General Meeting of Shareholders at which the member is elected, and ends at the close of the third Annual General Meeting that follows the member's election.
Independence of the Board members
Evaluated against the criteria given in Recommendation 15, all seven members of the Board of Directors are independent of the company. Evaluated against the criteria given in Recommendation 15, Yrjö Neuvo, Stig Gustavson, Mikko Niinivaara, Timo Lappalainen and Maija Torkko are independent of both the company and the shareholders. Evaluated against the criteria given in Recommendation 15 Raimo Voipio and Mikko Voipio are dependent on significant shareholders. The current composition of the Board of Directors fulfills the independence requirements stated in the Recommendation 14.
President and CEO
Vaisala's President and CEO is appointed by the Board. The President and CEO manages the company in accordance with the instructions and orders given by the Board, and informs the Board of the development of the company's business and financial situation. The President and CEO is also responsible for arranging the company's operative management.
Related party transactions
Vaisala Group's related parties include subsidiaries, associated companies, members of the Board of Directors, and the President and CEO. Transactions with related parties are based on market prices and conditions.
No loans were granted to the related parties, and no contingent liabilities were made on their behalf.
Group structure
The company has subsidiaries in Australia, Canada, China, Germany, France, Japan, Malaysia, United Kingdom and United States and regional offices in India, Canada, China, Korea and the United Arab Emirates.
The addresses and contact details of Vaisala offices are available on the company's website.
Vaisala has signed a voluntary energy efficiency agreement with the Federation of Finnish Technology Industries, aiming at energy efficiency and cost savings. As a signatory, Vaisala participates in a number of energy efficiency initiatives. Full list of all the initiatives is published on March 2012 in the company's corporate responsibility report 2011, which is available on Vaisala's website at www.vaisala.com/cr.
Vaisala's new office building in Vantaa, Finland is energy efficient and self-sufficient. Geothermal energy and solar panels are used in large scale. Electrical devices with low power consumption have been preferred. The modern building automation system has several innovative features which enable lower energy consumption and better adjustment of indoor conditions. The new head office achieved a LEED for New Construction certification at Gold level.
Vaisala Head Office is granted the right to use the Green Office mark issued by WWF Finland and associate itself with the Green Office Network.
Active involvement in the scientific community
Vaisala is involved in active discussion with different stakeholders, promoting advancement in science, particularly the development of environmental measurements. Vaisala collaborates in several projects with leading research institutes in the field, such as NOAA (the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, USA), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts, the University of Oklahoma, the US National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Deutscher Wetterdienst, VTT (Technical Research Centre of Finland), the Aalto University, Finland and the University of Helsinki, Finland.
Vaisala's representatives participate in the Board of the Federation of Finnish Technology Industries and in its committees, such as the Environmental Committee. Vaisala participates in the Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate of the National Research Council/National Academy of Sciences (USA). Vaisala also participates on the Board of Trustees of the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, the Director's Advisory Committee of the National Center for Atmospheric Research, and the Dean's Advisory Board to the College of Engineering at Colorado State University and advisory committees at Howard University and the University of Arizona.
Vaisala also closely collaborates with a number of meteorological authorities around the world and takes part in the activity of the UN World Meteorological Organization (WMO). During the year, Vaisala granted research scholarships to universities, students and researchers in both the United States and Finland. Vaisala is also a partner of Cleen Oy, a strategic center for science, technology and innovation for energy and environment businesses.
Vaisala is one of the main sponsors of Science On a Sphere (SOS), which is a projection technique developed in the United States by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The sphere is on display at the Finnish Science Center Heureka in Vantaa.
Following a decision made at the 2011 Annual General Meeting, a donation of EUR 250,000 was granted to the University of Helsinki, Finland..
Proposals to the Annual General Meeting
Vantaa, February 8, 2012
Vaisala Corporation
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text:
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WEMBLEY, ENGLAND Less than a day after quitting international football, John Terry attended a racism hearing at the Football Association on Monday with the former England captain facing an eight-match ban from playing for Chelsea.
The defender is fighting a misconduct charge that was brought despite being cleared in court of racially abusing Queens Park Rangers defender Anton Ferdinand during a Premier League match last October.
The 31-year-old Terry decided Sunday night that his position with England had been made "untenable" by the FA's decision to pursue a case, although he had been allowed to keep playing despite being stripped of the captaincy before the trial.
"I don't see how we've made (his position) untenable; they're two very separate processes," FA General Secretary Alex Horne responded Monday at Wembley Stadium, where an independent four-man FA panel is hearing the case.
Hodgson withstood widespread criticism to take Terry to the European Championship in June only weeks before the criminal trial, but he will now be without a key defender for the rest of 2014 World Cup qualifying and beyond.
"I'd like to thank John Terry for his commitment to the England team since I became manager," Hodgson said in a statement. "I am of course disappointed to lose a player of John's international experience and exceptional ability.
"I have enjoyed a good relationship with John during my time as England manager and I reluctantly accept his decision."
Hodgson was appointed England coach because Fabio Capello quit in February following the decision by the FA to strip Terry of the captaincy.
A magistrate in July cleared Terry of a racially aggravated public order offence despite describing the player's defence as being "under the cold light of forensic examination, unlikely."
Terry did not deny using an offensive term during the west London Premier League derby at QPR last October but said all he did was sarcastically repeat the words he is accused of using.
"I've been called a lot of things in my football career, and outside of football as well, but being a racist is not one I'm prepared to take at all ... I'm not having anyone — let alone Anton — think that at all about me because that's not in my character at all," Terry said during his initial interview with FA investigators that was heard in court.
Ferdinand said he had been goading Terry about his alleged extramarital affair with the former girlfriend of ex-England teammate Wayne Bridge.
Despite Ferdinand being described as a "believable witness," the magistrate decided that Terry couldn't be convicted because the prosecution could not prove he was lying.
There is a lower burden of proof for the FA charge, however, so Terry could be found guilty on the "balance of probabilities" that he "used abusive and-or insulting words and/or behaviour ... (and) included a reference to the ethnic origin and-or colour and/or race of Anton Ferdinand."
Liverpool striker Luis Suarez was banned for eight matches last year for racially abusing Manchester United defender Patrice Evra in a Premier League match.
Significantly, the FA disciplinary panel formed for that case ruled that the context of Suarez's use of a racial slur was not relevant, concluding: "It does not depend on whether the alleged offender intended his words to be abusive or insulting."
The FA has already imposed one punishment for racist abuse in connection with the case.
Anton Ferdinand's brother Rio was fined 45,000 pounds ($73,000) in August after being found guilty of improper conduct following a Twitter gibe about Chelsea defender Ashley Cole, who gave evidence in court defending Terry.
Ferdinand was found guilty of referencing ethic origin and race when he endorsed a tweet that referred to Cole as a "choc ice," a slang term perceived as meaning black on the outside and white on the inside.
Terry's FA hearing is expected to last at least three days, with a no date set yet for the verdict. Both Terry and Anton Ferdinand were in attendance Monday.
By already opting to end his England career after 78 appearances across nine years, Terry has prevented the FA from having to ban him from representing his country again in the event of a guilty verdict.
Terry has been at the centre of controversy surrounding the England team for the past two years.
England's preparations for the 2010 World Cup were plunged into turmoil after Capello fired Terry as captain when the affair allegations — referenced by Anton Ferdinand — first emerged and led to Bridge retiring from international football.
The centre back was reinstated in March 2011 but was stripped of the captaincy for a second time in February, overshadowing England's buildup to another major tournament.
The Associated Press
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
A new Shatabdi train between Chandigarh and New Delhi, the third between the two cities, will start running next month, Railway Minister Pawan Kumar Bansal said on Saturday.
The train will leave Chandigarh at 12 noon and reach New Delhi at 3-30 p.m. The return journey from New Delhi will be at 7-15 p.m. and it will arrive in Chandigarh at 10-30 p.m.
Currently, the first and the second Shatabdi trains leave for Delhi at 6-50 a.m. and 6-45 p.m. and depart from Delhi at 7-40 a.m. and 5-15 p.m.
Mr. Bansal said the demand for starting another inter-city train for the Golden Temple in Amritsar will be considered.
The existing super fast Chandigarh-Amritsar train will be provided a stop at Mohali in Punjab.
He also carried out an inspection of the Chandigarh railway station for the first time after assuming the charge of the Railway Ministry.
Work reviewed
He, along with senior rail officials, reviewed upgradation and beautification work of the Chandigarh railway station.
"Long and short term measures are being taken by the Railway Ministry to make the Chandigarh railway station a world class one," Mr. Bansal said. -- PTI


text:
Re: Two connected evidences
Expand Messages
- --- In email@example.com,
"Todd Greene" <greeneto@...> wrote, in part:
> Two specific examples of this I'm familiarI also have a little personal familiarity with those two examples, the history of which is contained in our archives here.
> with (personal history) is when Apologetics
> Press quietly deleted their moon dust argument
> for the moon being young, and their promotion
> of the "fishing reel in stone" hoax.
At least Peter J. Reilly gives me a little "honor where honor is due"!
Bill O'Reilly Likes Wealth Tax Idea Even Less Than I Do
By Peter J. Reilly
December 1, 2012
You will note that Mr. O'Reilly indicates that "Greeeeeen" Party candidate Jill
Stein approves of a wealth tax, illustrating the point with a brief clip of
Doctor Stein discussing the wealth tax.
"Cousin Bill" used my interview with Doctor Stein without crediting me. That
really doesn't bother me very much. I am always ready to help out a probable
relative, but it is very troubling that he did not give any credit to Interlock
Media. The crew from Interlock was an integral part of my first foray into the
interview game.
Thanks To Bob Baty
I don't watch the O'Reilly Factor but my most reliable commenter Robert Baty, a
retired IRS appeals officer, does. He noted the Jill Stein clip and let me know
about it.
- Hey, Todd, I was hoping you would drop by! Now that I have
a decent internet connection I see you've been busy elsewhere.
(I hope you like my dog.)
You noted:
> Well, to be honest, he's fighting a lost battle.Well, yeah, but in that context I wasn't speaking strictly of
> Lost over two hundred years ago. ;-)
geology... I was thinking more along the lines of Acts 5:39.
Are you familiar with the book I linked in that last message?
Title: History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom
Author: Andrew Dickson White
Date: 1896
There's some pretty good stuff in it, including a chapter on
astronomy. As I understand it, White's method of "conflict
thesis" is rather outdated in terms of historiography -- but
then again, so is creationism itself. It's pretty amazing to
see all these same excuses from the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries
still parading around the internet as modern creation science.
Here's something from Chapter 7, about archaeology:
| In the last years of the sixteenth century Michael Mercati
| tried to prove that the "thunder-stones" were weapons or
| implements of early races of men; but from some cause his
| book was not published until the following century, when
| other thinkers had begun to take up the same idea, and
| then it had to contend with a theory far more accordant
| with theologic modes of reasoning in science. This was
| the theory of the learned Tollius, who in 1649 told the
| world that these chipped or smoothed stones were
| "generated in the sky by a fulgurous exhalation conglobed
| in a cloud by the circumposed humour."
| But about the beginning of the eighteenth century a fact
| of great importance was quietly established. In the year
| 1715 a large pointed weapon of black flint was found in
| contact with the bones of an elephant, in a gravel bed near
| Gray's Inn Lane, in London. The world in general paid no
| heed to this: if the attention of theologians was called
| to it, they dismissed it summarily with a reference to the
| Deluge of Noah; but the specimen was labelled, the
| circumstances regarding it were recorded, and both specimen
| and record carefully preserved.
Uh oh. I can see where *this* is going...
"Conglobed in a cloud by the circumposed humour" is pretty
humorous in itself!
And this book was published in 1896 -- the year radioactivity
was discovered.
Uh oh.
Rick Hartzog
Worldwide Church of Latitudinarianism
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text:
Hide Property Details
Description from the owner
- 2 bedrooms
- 2 bathrooms
- Sleeps 5
- House
Bedrooms: 2
Bathrooms: 2
Sleeps: 5
Type: HouseHapu'u Fern Cottage Two Bedroom With Hot Tub!
Description from the owner
This cozy, secluded Hapu'u Fern cottage is nestled amidst a lush forest of fragrant Kahili gingers, red flowering Ohia trees, the dancing leaves of the Olapa trees and the Hapu'u tree ferns.
The one-mile drive on Wright Road to your cottage, views one of the tallest mountains on earth, the world famous Mauna Kea, snowcapped mid November - January.
Volcano Village is also a sanctuary for the native Hawaiian birds. Soak in the Hot Tub in this wonderful forest and enjoy the flight of the zebra dove and the music of the birds.
Experience the beauty of nature, clean crisp air, peace and tranquility at the Hapu'u Fern Cottage.
The Hapu'u Fern ...Read more
About the owner
About the owner
Merlenna H.
Merlenna H.
Response rate 95%
Response time A few hours
Calendar updated today
Overall ratingNone
Hapu'u Fern Cottage Two Bedroom With Hot Tub!
Volcano, Hawaii
Additional Location Information
More About This Location
Mountain nearby, Rural retreats, Warm winter getaways
Getting There
Nearest airport: Hilo Airport, 20 miles
Car is not necessary
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text: 500 pts Local Haunting Trivia <K945 Krewe A club in Shreveport captured footage of what looks like paranormal activity. Which club is it? Click here for the answer. Sign in to Participate Category: Trivia Tags: Trivia Ends: Tuesday June 18 at 10:59PM CDT Share on Facebook Share on Twitter More Leave a comment Send to a friend! Print this page Pin it! Reddit This! Share on Tumblr! More Ways To Get and Use Points Win $2,500 Cash!Win a ChromebookWin a $100 Visa Gift CardWin a $500 Apple Gift CardWin a ZVOX SoundBase 670 Home Theater Sound SystemWin a $250 Target Gift Card


text:
Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service: Prohibition of the Use of Specified Risk Materials for Human Food and Requirements for the Disposition of Non-Ambulatory Disabled Cattle, GAO-04-441R, B-293622, March 4, 2004
B-293622: Mar 4, 2004
Additional Materials:
(202) 512-2853
Office of Public Affairs
(202) 512-4800
This is our report on a major rule promulgated by the Department of Agriculture. It was published in the Federal Register as an "interim final rule and request for comments" on January 12. The FSIS is declaring that SRMs are inedible and prohibiting their use for human food. Enclosed is our assessment of the FSIS's compliance with the procedural steps required by section 801(a)(1)(B)(i) through (iv) of title 5 with respect to the rule. If you have any questions about this report. The official responsible for GAO evaluation work relating to the subject matter of the rule is Robert Robinson. The preparation of a cost-benefit analysis was not possible. The economic effects of the interim final rule are currently being assessed.
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So, what's with all the blueberry plants for sale?
All the big garden centers (Lowes, Home Depot, etc.) are carrying blueberry plants. Huh?
I must have missed the memo. I don't ever recall seeing any info about growing blueberries in central Texas. I thought the soil and weather was all wrong.
Can somebody enlighten me?
Good question! I noticed that too and wondered the same thing. Did they develope a new variety to takes the heat and drought and alkaline water and soil? I don't catch the plant gurus on the radio anymore, but that would be a good question to ask an insider like them, or maybe someone who works at a plant nursery.
They are here in the DFW area too. Along with blackberries and grapes. I might try to read up on them to see if we can grow them. I would think that nothing that will grow in northern CA would grow here, except maybe a few weeds. But I'm no expert either!
I think blackberries and grapes are supposed to do very well in Texas. In fact our Tx. wines have become internationally competitive. I saw the blackberry plants at Lowes and they were carrying the right varieties for our area according to the article I am linking to below.
In fact I picked up an Arapaho and planted this March. So far so good. I'll probably have more to say in a year or two, as this is my first one.
I'm currently looking into another new thing for Texas. OLIVES! I might be just a bit too far north for that. I think they do best in zone 9-10. I'd love to have some olive trees!!!
Here is a link that might be useful: Texas Blackberries
Well this article from TAMU answers my question I guess, although it hasn't convinced me that growing blueberries in Texas is a good idea. While I love blueberries (especially in pie!) I'm not going to play nursemaid to a fussy, containerized yankee plant! Sheesh! If I get a hankerin' for them, I'll just buy a carton or a bag of frozen blueberries, thank you very much.
Obviously, such great fruit attributes would make any homeowner long to culture blueberrie. Still the production of blueberries has a few challenges of its own. The soil or growing medium pH is critical for successful blueberry culture. This funny expression-- pH -- is a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration in the soil solution or simply put, whether the soil is acid (less than 7.0) or alkaline (7.1 and above). Rabbiteye blueberries are one of the few crops that require very special soil or growing medium; a pH of 4.0 to 6.0 is required for good plant growth; the plants will not live in soils or potting mixes with a pH above 5.5. The plants' feeder roots are very close to the surface and they do not have root hairs; therefore, good soil moisture management and mulches will be needed. One may be surprised as to why we would recommend such an exacting, low soil pH plant for planting across a state which only has a small amount of such soil, which is mainly in East Texas. Simply put, it is because of the potential to produce an acceptable amount of fruit on a containerized plant with very few pest problems.
If that sounds like it would provide hours of berry good fun, then do read the rest of the article which explains how best to grow them.
As for me, just the thought of it makes me blue.
Here is a link that might be useful: Growing Blueberries in Texas
East Texas has lots of blueberries because they have an acidic soil but most of the rest of the state has a pH that won't make growing them fun.
Before Round-Up, the state was full of wild blackberries and grapes. I spent most of my childhood picking them on the side of the roads.
Dragonfly, Malcolm Beck has a bunch of large olive trees planted on his property ajoining Gardenville on Evans Rd.. As you may know Malcolm founded Gardenville, but sold it a few years ago. I don't know if they produce olives or not, but you could ask them.
I have an olive tree in a pot, it's about 3' tall. I've had it three years and this is the first year it's had blooms on it. will be interesting to see if I get fruit.
I think they are actually hardy here in zone 8.
That's a great idea! Thanks.
A local farmer tried to discourage me suggesting we are too far north (about an hour northwest of Austin). And he said the commercial olive groves around Wimberley don't actually use their own olives to make their olive oil but get them from producers further south. Don't know if that's true or not. I know they grow well in France even though they have to deal with frost occasionally, so don't know why my zone 8 wouldn't work. But I'll start trying to find out more so I can make a decision. If the trees weren't somewhat costly I'd just stick them in the ground and see what happens.
Hmmmm...I wonder if that's true throughout the state? At any rate, I hope all the interest in the new varieties of blackberries will cause them to spread far and wide. I have a wild variety on my property that I discovered, but I just leave them for the animals (too small for me) and await my thornless harvest. I also enjoy mulberries which are already huge and plump this year!
You are so right, cweathersby. They sell Fuschia!
I'm going to buy some grapes for sure. Maybe blackberries too. Used to pick dewberries on the side of the road like several of you said. They sure to make great pies and cobblers! I wonder if blackberries will grow on our new wrought iron fence? I think grapes will, but what do ya'll think about blackberries???
Yes I'm aware that the big box stores aren't the purveyors of appropriate native selections although I think they do make an effort to be informed so that they have what people want. This is the first season I've seen them pushing blueberries so I was wondering if perhaps there was some source feeding them that idea. And since discovering TAMU's instructions for blueberry cultivation and encouragement for growing them DESPITE their particular requirements, I'm wondering if they are the source that the big garden centers are listening to?
My question is - How many Aggies does it take to grow a blueberry bush in the dry alkaline soils of Texas?
Not sure what you're asking. If you want to know if blackberries are appropriate for your particular yard I suppose it would depend on soil type, sun exposure, watering situation, etc. You might read the link I provided above on growing them. If your yard meets those
requirements then I don't know why not. You'll have an
edible landscape! And I think blackberries are less work to maintain than grapes, but I'm no expert.
As I mentioned before, it seems as though the garden centers are carrying the appropriate varieties for Texas.
Cweathersby...Its the most funniest thing but I think when people say the south they dont view S.A., Austin, DFW, or Lubbock as the south. If you were to draw a line through these three cities and move eastward, yeah you'd be in the south. It would have acidic soil and you could grow blueberries..and magnolias, azaleas, gardenias, camellias etc.
As for blueberry growing in the hill country and points westward...You can get by with using them in pots filled with peat moss and pinebark mulch I've heard. Also you use acid fertilizer and you dont water with tap water. You gotta collect rain water.
Blackberries arent supposed to hate alkaline soil as much as azaleas and blueberries do but if they get iron chlorosis you can use copperas to green it back up. In our area, Arapaho blackberry is recommended and you cut out the already fruited canes. The ones that come up this year you have to prune a bit so they dont get long and lanky but shorter and bushy.
I've noticed all of those blueberry plants at Lowe's; I haven't any interest since here in East Texas there is significant commercial blueberry farming (much to my surprise) so supplies are usually plentiful. There is an annual blueberry festival held in Nacogdoches (this year the first Saturday in June) and the turnout is huge. I usually stock up for my freezer at that time.
We grew blackberries and grapes in Wylie when we used to live there and they did GREAT! I don't recall the names though but if I head the names, I would remember. I know the grapes were white (green) and made great wine! Our neighbors behind us now (in Dallas) are growing blackberries successfully. I think if you were to acidify the soil like for azaleas, you could grow blueberries as long as you put soaker hoses on them during the heat of the summer.
I think I'm going to get one of those soil pH test kits and go around my property testing different areas to see what's possible. Soil testing has become so easy and cheap it's silly not to know!
Anyone have any recommendations for brands/types of test kits? Where's the best place to buy them?
Here's one online source, but I'll bet they have them at one of the garden centers or nurseries in town.
Here is a link that might be useful: Soil pH test kits
I bought a Rabbit Eye blueberry at Lowe's last year and planted it on the south side of the house under where the a/c drips in the summer, it had berries last year and although it doesn't appear to have grown any larger it is covered in berries right now (they're still green). So far so good!
I planted it in a raised bed filled with Scotchman's choice landscape mix and 3" of pine mulch...maybe that helped acidify the soil.
I planted a couple of blueberries in extra-large pots (one is in an old HEB recycling bin) with pine bark mulch, peat moss and I think compost (I don't remember the third ingredient for sure) but they are doing fairly well and I've had them 2-3 years. I've gotten a few delicious berries from them this year, though not many. I didn't even try planting them in the ground, but I have been thinking about a raised bed for them and planting a bunch more. I so love blueberries!
I also have grapes and blackberries, though so far only one of my grapevines (out of two) have produced any grapes at all; and I've gotten *nothing* from my blackberries :( though in all fairness I have no idea what I'm doing and have been concentrating on the vegetable garden more than them.


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After the August Putsch: Where Is the USSR Going?In August 1991 elements within the Stalinist bureaucracy in the Soviet Union staged an abortive coup attempt. This pamphlet contains an analysis of these historic events. Learn More$2.95
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From N.E.P. to Socialism: A Glance into the Future of Russia and EuropePreobrazhensky was a prominent Bolshevik economist who at a critical period supported Trotsky's fight against the bureaucratic degeneration of the Soviet Union. This book, written after the adoption of the New Economic Policy in 1921, analyzes its inherent dangers. It is a significant contribution to political economy and the problems of socialist planning. Learn More$7.95
The Historical and International Foundations of the Socialist Equality Party (US)This document was adopted at the founding congress of the Socialist Equality Party (SEP) held in Ann Arbor, Michigan on August 3-9, 2008. Tracing essential historical events and political experiences spanning more than a century, the work establishes the theoretical and political basis of the struggle for socialism. Learn More$9.95
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Socialism: Utopian and ScientificThis small book compactly outlines the economic, historical and philosophical teachings of marxism. It originally formed part of a larger volume, "Anti_Dühring", written by Engels, Marx's closest collaborator, as a reply to an attack on their views by a German professor. Learn More$5.50
Stalin's Terror of 1937-1938: Political Genocide in the USSR (cloth bound)This volume examines the bloodiest period of the Stalinist repression of political opposition in the Soviet Union, debunking the myth that the Great Purges were merely the product of Stalin's paranoia and had no overriding political logic. Learn More$49.95
Stalin's Terror of 1937-1938: Political Genocide in the USSR (paperback)This volume examines the bloodiest period of the Stalinist repression of political opposition in the Soviet Union, debunking the myth that the Great Purges were merely the product of Stalin's paranoia and had no overriding political logic. Learn More$24.95
Two Lectures: Stalin's Great Terror and Leon Trotsky and the Fate of Marxism in the USSRIn 1996, Russian Marxist historian Vadim Rogovin traveled to Australia to deliver these lectures. Rogovin's central thesis is that there was and remains a Marxist alternative to Stalinism. He demonstrates that Stalin's Great Terror was not the irrational response of a paranoid tyrant, but was precipitated by the need of the Stalinist bureaucracy to eradicate the growing socialist opposition to its rule, led by Trotsky and the Left Opposition. Learn More$9.95
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"Green is the new digital. IT is the macroscope needed to understand it. What feels counterintuitive at the beginning of this book is obvious by the end." Nicholas Negroponte, Founding Chairman Emeritus, MIT Media Lab, Founder and Chairman, One Laptop per Child
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Bobby Causey's Wax Sculptures
Believe it or not, that's not a photograph of Heath Ledger as Joker. It's a wax sculpture of the late actor made by self-taught sculptor Bobby Causey, who specializes in making realistic celebrity sculptures. More here.


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It's all about drinking strange wine.
It seems disjointed and jumps around like water on a griddle, but it all comes together, so be patient.
At 9:38 A.M. on July 15th, 1974, about eight minutes into Suncoast Digest, a variety show on WXLT-TV in Sarasota, Florida, anchorwoman Chris Chubbuck, 30, looked straight at the camera and said, "In keeping with Channel 40's policy of bringing you the latest in blood and guts in living color, you're going to see another first-an attempt at suicide."
Whereupon she pulled a gun out of a shopping bag and blew her brains out, on camera.
Paragraph 3, preceding, was taken verbatim from an article written by Daniel Schorr for Rolling Stone. I'd heard about the Chubbuck incident, of course, and I admit to filching Mr. Schorr's sixty concise words because they are concise, and why should I try to improve on precision? As the artist Mark Rothko once put it: "Silence is so accurate."
Further, Mr. Schorr perceived in the bizarre death of Chris Chubbuck exactly what I got out of it when I heard the news broadcast the day it happened. She was making a statement about television ... on television!
The art-imitating-life resemblance to Paddy Chayefsky's film Network should not escape us. I'm sure it wouldn't have escaped Chris Chubbuck's attention. Obvious cliché; onward.
I used to know Dan Blocker, who played Hoss Cartwright on Bonanza. He was a wise and a kind man, and there are tens of dozens of people I would much rather see dead than Dan. Onetime, around lunch-break at Paramount, when I was goofing off on writing a treatment for a Joe Levine film that never got made, and Dan was resting his ass from some dumb horsey number he'd been reshooting all morning, we sat on the steps of the weathered saloon that probably in no way resembled any saloon that had ever existed in Virginia City, Nevada, and we talked about reality versus fantasy. The reality of getting up at five in the morning to get to the studio in time for makeup call and the reality of how bloody much FICA tax they took out of our paychecks and the reality of one of his kids being down with something or other ... and the fantasy of not being Dan Blocker, but of being Hoss Cartwright.
And he told me a scary story. He laughed about it, but it was the laugh of butchers in a slaughterhouse who have to swing the mauls that brain the beeves; who then go home to wash the stink out of their hair from the spattering.
Posted January 29, 2003
This was the first I have read of Ellison. (For Star Trek fans, he wrote the "City on the Edge of Forever" episode!). I found the stories compelling, if a bit dated, pertaining to the sensibilities of the 1970's. As much fun as his stories are his introductions to each one, where he lays the specifics of his life out to the reader in a frank, scary, often hilarious way. Not for the weak of heart, and hard to categorize, check it out if you want a taste of a first class imagination at work.Was this review helpful? Yes NoThank you for your feedback. Report this reviewThank you, this review has been flagged.
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From beautiful Brugge we drove south west to Ypres. Along the way we stopped at some of the war memorials to the fallen soldiers. All this area is part of Flanders. We stopped at the Tyne Cot cemetery. It is the biggest commonwealth memorial. It was quite surreal looking at the walls knowing every name on the wall represents a soldier whose body was never found or identified.
Next we stopped at ...
"In Bruges" part 2
... the drizzle started so we had a quiet night in watching a bit of BBC1 and BBC2. I raced down to a patisserie and bought some nice bread and other goodies for dinner. I think we have seen and enjoyed much of the place call Bruges. Next morning (Friday 29th) we have breakfast, cereal with chilled UHT melk. We catch the train from Bruges to Brussels where we will board a Thayls train to Amsterdam. We have a bit of time before the train departs so I ...
Gent by day
... I would be able to enjoy or make the best of their travelling lark as I am by nature a boring couch potato but I am breaking open a new me. I miss my Brown and wish she could share this but in the same way it is a journey of discovery that I am relishing.. Right that boat awaits!!! The boat was fun there is a cannon here 6.5 meters long which they built to protect the city on firing it it fell apart and never worked now sitting on the side ...
In Brugge
... could try the different styles. The one that caught our eye was dancing on roller skates! There was a large roller rink set up, free for anyone adventurous enough to try...so we strapped on some skates and joined the pros and the novices for a Rollin' good time :) Dinner tonight was at a place recommended by our host called Passage. Fantastic beer selection here. Pam sampled the Krick Framboise and Katie had a Fort Lapin while we shared mussels (in a celery, onion, parsley ...
In Bruges
... the Grand Place) and its bell tower (from which Brendan Gleeson jumped in "In Bruges"), Burg square, and the Church of Our Lady. We ended back at the frites stands in front of the bell tower, and Rolinka made us find our own way back to the hotel. Since we all showed up in the lobby later on, I guess we're all smarter than she thinks we are.
Dinner was at Tom's Diner (not a particularly Belgian-sounded name, but there you go) in the upstairs dining room. ...


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Wichita State's Casey Gillaspie earns another All-America honor
Casey Gillaspie earned his fifth All-American honor, this one from the American Baseball Coaches Association.
Gillaspie, a first baseman and first-round draft choice of Tampa Bay, hit .389 with 15 home runs for Wichita State as a junior. He is the first Shocker on the ABCA's first team since pitcher Mike Pelfrey in 2005.
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Artist: Anathema
Album: We're Here Because We're Here
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