text:
A color-tunable, reflective, paper-like display utilizes the unique optical properties of nano-engineered metal and metal-dielectric composite structures that exhibit a plasmon resonance. By changing the dielectric properties of a medium in which these structures are embedded, or by changing the spatial relationship of these structures, their optical absorbance and scattering spectra can be tuned. This enables simpler pixel architectures with better performance than is possible with fixed-color technologies. Low power video rate operation can be achieved in a paper-like display.
1. A pixel structure comprising:
a first color-tunable layer having an apparent color that depends on a first plasmon resonance in the first color tunable layer;
a first tuning system coupled to control the first color-tunable layer and select a first frequency of the first plasmon resonance;
a shutter in a stack with the color-tunable layer; and
a back plate in the stack.
2. The structure of
the apparent color of the color tunable layer results from scattering light in a frequency band around the frequency of the plasmon resonance;
the shutter is a transparent-to-white shutter that is operable in a range of transparencies; and
the back plate is black.
3. The structure of
a second color-tunable layer in the stack, wherein the second color tunable layer has an apparent color that depends on a second plasmon resonance in the second color tunable layer; and
a second tuning system coupled to control the second color-tunable layer and select a second frequency of the second plasmon resonance.
4. The structure of
the shutter is a transparent-to-black shutter that is operable in a range of transparencies; and
the back plate is white.
5. The structure of
6. The structure of
7. The structure of
the shutter is a transparent-to-white shutter that is operable in a range of transparencies; and
the back plate is black.
8. The structure of
9. The structure of
first particles in which the first plasmon resonances reside, the first particles being treated to hold a charge;
second particles having a fixed color, the second particles being treated to hold a charge that is opposite in polarity to the charge on the first particles;
a fluid in which the first and second are suspended; and
electrodes arranged to control concentrations of the first and second particles relative to a front surface of the layer.
10. The structure of
11. A pixel structure comprising:
a first color-tunable layer having an apparent color that depends on a first plasmon resonance in the first color tunable structure;
a first tuning system coupled to control a first frequency of the first plasmon resonance, the first tuning system selecting the first frequency from a first frequency range;
a second color-tunable layer having an apparent color that depends on a second plasmon resonance in the second color tunable structure; and
a second tuning system coupled to control a second frequency of the second plasmon resonance, the second tuning system selecting the second frequency from a second frequency range.
12. The structure of
a first shutter and a first back plate in a first stack with the first color-tunable layer; and
a second shutter and a second back plate in a second stack with the second color-tunable layer, wherein the second stack is horizontally adjacent to the first stack.
13. The structure of
14. The structure of
15. The structure of
16. The structure of
17. A light shutter comprising:
a plurality of discrete structures having a plasmon resonance with a width corresponding to a range of frequencies to be gated by the light shutter; and
a tuning system coupled to control a peak frequency of the plasmon resonance, the tuning system being capable of switching the peak frequency between a first frequency within the range and a second frequency outside the range.
18. The light shutter of claim 41, wherein the range corresponds to visible frequencies of light.
This patent document is a divisional and claims benefit of the earlier filing date of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/888,356, filed Jul. 31, 2007, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
A number of different technologies have been used to provide electronic displays with paper-like appearance. For example, one class of paper-like displays includes electrophoretic displays, which use electrical fields to move �electronic ink� relative to a background. An electrophoretic display, in one configuration, fills a volume between a transparent viewing plate and a background plate with a liquid containing a dark dye and light colored particles. Charging agents cause the particles to hold a charge, so that voltages locally applied to pixel areas of the plates cause the light colored particles to move closer to or further from the viewing plate. The pixel areas in which the light colored particles collect near the viewing plate then appear lighter than pixels where the lighter particles are repelled from the viewing plate. Such displays may provide superior image quality, in particular a wider viewing angle and higher contrast, in some applications when compared to current LCD and plasma displays. However, current paper-like displays have several disadvantages or challenges that must be overcome to obtain greater commercial success.
One disadvantage is that many paper-like display technologies that are currently under development would require high current and/or high power to operate at video rates. In particular, many paper-like displays must switch a large volume of material or chromophores from one state to another to produce an adequate change in the optical properties of a pixel. For example, typical dye molecules have extinction coefficients on the order of 105 M−1 cm−1 or less, requiring about 1016 or more molecules per square centimeter of a display in order to absorb sufficient light in the absorptive state. At video switching rates, currents on the order of hundreds of mA/cm2 are needed if a unit charge must be delivered to each dye molecule to affect the change. Thus, display techniques that rely, for example, on redox reactions to switch dye molecules require unacceptably high currents for displaying video. The same holds true for electrochromic displays.
Another disadvantage is the slow speed that current paper-like displays typically provide. In particular, many existing paper-like display technologies involve phenomena that are intrinsically slow. For example, some electrophoretic or electrochemical techniques require species/particles to diffuse or drift through fluids over distances that create a slow response.
Another difficulty for current paper-like displays is achieving high quality color. In particular, most paper-like display technologies can only produce binary color from one material set (e.g., switch from one fixed color to another fixed color or from one fixed color to either black or white). Because of this, at least three sub-pixels using different material sets must be used when employing a side-by-side sub-pixel architecture with fixed colors (e.g., red-green-blue or cyan-yellow-magenta). This limits the maximum fraction of reflected light for some colors to about ⅓, so that the pixels of this type cannot produce saturated colors with good contrast. The alternative is to use a stacked architecture, but this also limits the achievable reflectivity and contrast because of the large number of layers required. Additionally, the required stacked architectures for color pixels can be complicated and difficult to manufacture. In particular, systems with a stacked geometry using active layers that can achieve only certain fixed colors generally require a minimum of four active layers (e.g., CYMK) and associated backplane electronics. This complexity impedes performance, increases manufacturing costs, and lowers yields. In addition, some active structures are particularly difficult to manufacture such as stacked reservoirs for electro-wetting devices. Finally, some reflective pixel technologies, such as front-back electrophoretic devices, cannot be stacked because the active layers cannot be put into a transparent state.
Another disadvantage of some current paper-like displays is their limited useful life. In particular, to sustain video rate operation for a period of years requires at least 109 reversible changes of optical properties even for a relatively low duty cycle. Achieving the desired number of cycles is particularly difficult in paper-like displays using techniques based on chemical reactions such as redox reactions, or techniques that involve mixing and separation of species.
In view of the current limitations of paper-like display technologies, better systems and methods for producing and operating paper-like displays are desired.
In accordance with an aspect of the invention, a display structure such as a pixel in a paper-like display includes a medium containing or adjacent to particles that have a plasmon resonance. The medium has dielectric properties that can be altered through application of an external stimulus, and a tuning system can apply the external stimulus to the media as needed to set the plasmon resonance to correspond to a desired frequency or frequencies of visible light, and thereby tune the color of the display structure.
Use of the same reference symbols in different figures indicates similar or identical items.
In accordance with an aspect of the invention, plasmon resonances in discrete structures provide tunable optical scattering or absorbing mechanisms for binary, multi-step, or continuous color variation suitable for use in still image and video displays. A suitable discrete structure as described further below exhibits plasmon effects and can be a particle (sometimes referred to herein as a nanoparticle or by the acronym �NP�) or a discrete optical scattering or absorbing feature of a continuous surface. Some more specific examples of suitable discrete structures that exhibit plasmon effects include solid or hollow nanometer-scale spheres of a metal such as gold, silver, aluminum, platinum, or alloys of such metals, solid or hollow metal particles having non-spherical shapes, composite particles made of both metal and dielectric materials, and layered structures containing multiple metal and/or dielectric materials such as layered concentric spherical shells or cylinders or layered films.
Plasmons, which are quantized oscillations of the free electron gas density in a metal or other structure, affect how electromagnetic radiation or light reacts with a structure and thereby determine the apparent color of the structure. This generally occurs through the coupling of surface plasmons with light to form surface plasmon-polaritons. Tuning the color of a discrete structure is possible because the plasmon resonant frequency of such structures generally depends on the size and shape of the discrete structure, the dielectric properties of the discrete structure, and the dielectric properties of the surroundings of the discrete structure. Thus, the optical absorption and scattering spectra (and therefore the color) of a discrete structure can be varied by altering any one or more of these characteristics. The following describes a number of techniques and structures for tuning the optical spectra of devices containing discrete structure having plasmon resonances and several implementations using color-tunable structures in display technologies and particularly in paper-like displays.
One example of a discrete structure is an NP that is a solid spherical metal sphere having a diameter in a range of about 3 to 150 nanometers. Equation 1 indicates the approximate functional form for the cross-section σ for scattering of light of wavelength λ from such a sphere in a media having dielectric constant ∈med when the sphere has a complex dielectric function ∈NP and a diameter d of the sphere is much less than the wavelength λ of incident light. The dielectric function ∈NP of the NP generally has a complicated dependence on the band structure of the metal in the NP, but Drude theory gives a crude/simple approximation of the dielectric function as shown in Equation 2. In Equation 2, ωp is the bulk plasmon frequency of the metal, and ω is the angular frequency of the scattered light. The dielectric function ∈NP can be negative as shown by Equation 2, and as a result, the scattering cross-section σ of the metal sphere has a resonance at an incident light frequency ωR approximately given in Equation 3, where ηmed is the refractive index of the medium surrounding the NP. Equation 3 predicts, for example, that a change in refractive index ηmed from 1.0 to 1.5 is sufficient to change the plasmon resonance of an NP from 470 to 640 nm, a range that spans the most important portion of the visible spectrum. This analysis somewhat overestimates the shift in plasmon resonance for metal particles. More sophisticated analysis predicts a plasmon shift of about 210 nm per unit refractive index change for spherical silver nanoparticles as described by Malinsky, M. D., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 123, 1471-1482, which matches well with experiment as described by Mock, J. J., et al., Nano Lett. 3, 485 (2003).
NPs with other shapes and constructions would typically have similar qualitative behavior to a solid sphere and, particularly, scattering and absorption spectra that can be changed through manipulation of the NP's surroundings to change a plasmon resonance or resonances. However, asymmetric NPs generally have more than one dipole resonance that affects the emission spectrum. For example, a prolate spheroid NP would have resonances along both its major and minor axes. Also, higher order resonances are possible, e.g. quadrupole, octopole, etc are possible in any NP, spherical or assymetric. For simplicity, the following often assumes NPs having a single resonance that is relevant to the emission spectrum, but generally, the NPs may be asymmetric or otherwise have multiple resonances.
One embodiment of the invention illustrated in
Medium 120 is a material having dielectric properties that can be changed through application of an external stimulus. In an exemplary embodiment described further herein, material 120 is a non-absorbing or weakly absorbing liquid crystal, but medium 120 could alternatively be a different electro-optic material having a refractive index that depends on an applied electric field or a material with refractive properties that depend on other external stimuli. In this exemplary embodiment where material 120 is an electro-optic material, color tunable structure 100 can continuously change color in response to continuous changes in a voltage applied between plates 130 and 140. In particular, the voltage difference between plates 130 and 140 can vary the refractive indices of medium 120 across a continuous range, which consequently continuously varies the frequency of the plasmon resonances and therefore the optical spectra for scattering or absorption by NPs 110. Alternatively, an applied voltage can change the apparent color of structure 100 in discrete steps, for example, when the refractive index of medium 120 does not change continuously with bias voltage. For example, the applied bias voltage reaching a critical electric field may causes material 120 to undergo a phase transition from an ordered state with one refractive index to another ordered state with another refractive index.
As an alternative to using an electro-optic material for medium 120, other material types can be used to change the dielectric properties surrounding NPs 110. For example, the dielectric properties of medium 120 surrounding NPs 110 can be changed by introducing or removing solutions with different refractive indices. In particular, NPs 110 can be attached to fixed structures (not shown) or to plate 130 or 140, and a liquid with a given refractive index can be reversibly swept over NPs 110, for example, via electro-wetting. Electro-wetting techniques are known in the art, and described for example by R. A. Hayes and B. J. Feenstra, Nature 425, 383 (2003) and Prins et al., Science 291, 277 (2001). Alternatively, a reversible flow of liquid to alter medium 120 can be driven mechanically, e.g., with capacitively-actuated diaphragms or piezoelectrics (not shown) or thermally, e.g., by vaporizing liquid or expanding gas. Electro-wetting can provide near continuous color variation corresponding to a range of partial wetting of NPs 100 or a binary color change corresponding to whether wetting fluid covers NPs 110 or not.
Front plate 130 is typically transparent for transmission of light incident on, reflected from, or passing through a display and can be based on a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or other transparent metal oxides such as tin oxide for embodiments of the invention that alter the dielectric properties of medium 120 by applying voltages to plates 130 and 140. In alternative configurations of color tunable structure 100, back plate 140 can be reflective, white, transparent, or black (absorptive). When back plate 140 is reflective, white, or transparent and back lit, color tunable structure 100 can provide subtractive color by absorbing light having frequencies primarily near the plasmon resonance frequency of NPs 110. When back plate 140 is black or absorptive, light scattered by the NPs gives color-tunable structure 100 its color. In either case, the perceived color of color tunable NPs 110 changes with a change in the refractive index of medium 120.
The choice of material 120 can affect the viewing angles at which color tunable structure 100 provides a desired color. In particular, for an anisotropic medium 120 the induced plasmon resonance depends on the dielectric properties of medium 120 surrounding NPs 110 relative to the direction of the incident light's electric field. If electro-optic material 120 is a liquid crystal, the dielectric properties are anisotropic, which impacts the absorption or scattering curves according to the range of angles and polarizations of the incident light. If necessary, this angular and polarization dependence may be mitigated using polarizing filters or an optical element or aperture that limits the range of accepted polarizations or angles of incidence for the incoming light.
Endurance of color tunable structure 100 can be quite high if a liquid crystal is used for material 120. Further, NPs 110, which may be predominantly metal, can also be quite robust and provide a long useful life. Ligands, which may be used in some embodiments to make NPs 110 dispersible in a fluid, e.g., media 120, or to provide the proper charge for electrophoretic approaches to move NPs 110, may also aid the longevity of color tunable structures 100 by slowing oxidation or other chemical reactions that might otherwise alter NPs 110.
Another mechanism for tuning the color of NPs is to move the NPs from a region with one refractive index to a region with a different refractive index. One way to accomplish this is by moving NPs in a fluid, i.e., a gas or a liquid, that has dielectric properties that differ significantly from the properties of a fixed structure such as a metal or dielectric film or one or more walls of a container holding the fluid. Moving the NPs toward or away from a wall, film, or other structure can significantly change the effective dielectric properties surrounding the NPs when the wall, film, or structure has a refractive index that differs from that of the fluid or has a plasmon resonance to which plasmons in the NPs can couple. This change in dielectric properties can lead to a substantial shift in the absorbed or scattered optical spectra of the NPs, even though the distance moved by the NPs can be small. The small motion required allows for fast color switching, which is necessary for video displays. For example, for metal spheres, the plasmon resonance is most strongly impacted by the surrounding medium within a few diameters of the sphere. Accordingly, motion on the order of a few particle diameters is enough to tune the color. Because the NPs can be quite small (nm scale), the required motion is over very small distances and can be sufficiently fast used in video displays.
Structures 250 such as ligands, molecular or polymeric tethers, or dendrimers can be used to tether NPs 210 in a manner that still allows NPs 210 to be driven toward or away from plate 240. This tethering can be accomplished, for example, through use of ligands that are functionalized at one end to attach to a metal film (e.g., a thiol or amine to attach to a gold film) on plate 240 and functionalized at the other end to attach to NPs 210 (e.g., another thiol or amine).
NPs 210 can be charged through a combination of proper choice of NP material, the ligands on NPs 210, a solution constituting the media 220 in which NPs 210 are immersed (if media 220 is a liquid), and additional charge control agents or charge directors in the solution or on NPs 210. For example, ligands on NPs 210 can contain a carboxylic group that can be dissociated in polar solutions to leave a net charge on NPs 210. Alternatively, a surfactant or charging agent such as OLOA or AOT can be used to form inversed micelles in non-polar solutions that enable charging of NPs 210. Other techniques for holding charge on NPs 210 could also be used. Alternatively, portions of tethers 250 can be functionalized to contain species that can be charged, so that an electric field applied via the plates 230 and 240 to these charges on tethers 250 can cause tethers 250 to bend or fold.
A movement on a scale corresponding to a few times the size of an NP 210, e.g., on the order of hundreds of nanometers, can change the dielectric properties of the surroundings of NPs 210 sufficiently to significantly change the spectral resonance of NPs 210. The change in the spectral response is not always a simple shift of the resonance. Other �coupled� plasmon modes can occur when NPs 210 are brought into close proximity with each other or back plate 240. However, in general, a redshift of the primary resonance peak that can be a significant fraction of the visible spectrum can be produced through changes in the dielectric properties of the surroundings of NPs 210. See, for example, U. Kreibig and L. Genzel, Surf. Sci. 156, 678 (1985); J. P. Wilcoxon, et al., Phys. Rev. A 39, 2675 (1989); T. Jensen, et al., Journal of Cluster Science, 10, (1999). The amount of movement of NPs 210 required to change the color of structure 200 can thus be much less than required in paper-like display systems that move dye particles between front and back positions of the display. As a result, embodiments of color tunable structure 200 can be much faster than some prior paper-like display structures and can switch at video rates without requiring unacceptable currents or power consumption.
Electric fields created via the plates 230 and 240 can change spectral response of NPs 210 as described above by bending or folding tethers 250 through the action of the electric fields on charged NPs 210 or on portions of tethers 250 functionalized to contain charged species. Alternatively, the presence or absence of a fluid or fluid constituent can be used to change the conformation of tethers 210 thereby changing the distance between the NPs 210 and a metal film or structure. For example, tethers 250 may contract or expand depending on changes in the hydrophobicity of the fluid in which they are immersed.
In an alternative embodiment, NPs 210 don't necessarily need to be tethered. NPs 210 could instead be moved toward or away from plate 240 electrophoretically so as to control the coupling between NPs 210 and the dielectric properties of a metal or dielectric film or a particle array on the wall 240, and thereby the optical spectra of both. This sort of control of the plasmon resonances has the advantage that the potential of one of the interacting objects, i.e., the fixed film or particle array, can be directly controlled by applying a bias voltage or another external stimulus. This makes it easier to overcome effects such as sticking of particles to the film via attractive forces such as van der Waals forces.
Spectral changes can also be affected via changes in the separation or spacing of nanoscale particles.
The optical spectra of the untethered NPs can also be tuned through control of the spacing of the NPs.
Another method for altering the spacing of NPs 310 is to apply a mechanical force or pressure that alters the shape of compliant material 320. For example, applying a bias voltage between electrodes 330 and 340 creates an attractive force that can decrease the spacing between electrodes 330 and 340 and compresses material 320, bringing NPs 310 closer together. Alternatively, the fluid pressure surrounding compliant material 320 can be increased or decreased to cause material 320 to contract or expand and thereby change the spacing between NPs 310. Possibilities for the compressible material 320 in this embodiment include soft aerogels or sponge-like polymers. Another possibility is to coat NPs 310 with a compressible material such as an alkyl ligand, oligomer, or polymer. This would create something akin to �NP hair balls� that could be stacked together and reversibly compressed by an external actuator such as an electrostatically driven diaphragm, or piezoelectric or thermally driven actuator attached to plate 330 or 340.
The spacing of NPs 310 can in general be changed along one or more axes. In any of these cases, when NPs 310 are closer together, plasmons in adjacent NPs 310 have a stronger coupling to each other, which generally shifts the frequency of the plasmon resonance of NPs 310 and also leads to additional plasmon oscillation modes. As a rule of thumb, collective resonances begin to occur when the separation between NPs 310 is on the order of the size (or a few times the size) of NPs 310. This generally sets the scale for the degree of control over the separation of NP 310 that is required to tune optical properties of color tunable structure 300.
Additional species could be added and removed from a fluid 420 or 430 if desired to control the aggregation of NPs 410. This can be accomplished, for example, by changing the pH of the solution by adding or removing hydrogen ions, adding or subtracting solvents with different degrees of polarity, polarizability or hydrogen bonding, or adding other species that cause NPs 410 to aggregate or disaggregate. (These aggregation techniques can also be used with NPs that are dispersible in a fluid in embodiments of the invention using only one fluid.)
In one exemplary embodiment, particles 510 are metal particles with plasmon resonances and are attached to an ITO-coated glass front plate 530, and particles 515 contain a high refractive index material such as TiO2. Rutile TiO2 has a large index of refraction, i.e., about 2.7 in the visible range, and control of electrophoretic movement of TiO2 is well known in some current paper-like displays that use TiO2 as an electronic dye. For further control of the optical properties of color tunable structure 500, particles 515 made of TiO2 or other dielectric materials can be made sufficiently small that structure 500 is transparent when particles 515 are dispersed in fluid 520, but such particles 515 when collected or concentrated in an area, for example, on plate 540, become opaque or reflective. Accordingly, electrophoretic movement of particles 515 can be used to change structure 500 from a transparent state (e.g., where the plasmon resonances of particles 510 are outside the visible spectrum) to a color state corresponding to the spectra of particles 510 when particles 515 change the dielectric properties of the surroundings of particles 510. Particles 515 can also provide an opaque or reflective layer when collected on a surface (e.g., on plate 530 or 540).
The spacing between NPs and other particles in arrangements such as described above can be controlled electrophoretically. The charge or zeta potential on the NPs or other particles in general can be controlled through the proper choice of material, surface preparation (e.g., the choice of surface ligand), and chemical properties of the liquid or gas in which particles are contained. Additional charge transfer agents may be incorporated into a liquid or gas to help control the charge state and mobility of the particles in the fluid. Electrodes can then be used to produce a DC or AC (or combination of both) electric field that alters the separation and distribution of the particles. For example, a strong DC field could be used to force charged NPs into close proximity near one of the electrodes. An AC field could be used to distribute the NPs more uniformly between the electrodes.
The orientation of NPs 610 can be changed using a variety of techniques. For example, in one embodiment, NPs 610 are surrounded by a material 620 that is able to change the orientations of NPs 610 in response to an external stimulus. For example, if material 620 includes suitable liquid crystal (LC) molecules, application of an electric field can cause a change in state of LC molecules that changes the relative positions or orientations of NPs 610. In particular, a rotation of LC molecules 620 can, through stearic effects or electrostatic interactions, cause a rotation of NPs 610. This is similar to the use of LC molecules to rotate dye molecules in so-called �guest-host� systems, a process that is well known in the art. NPs 610 can alternatively be given a dipole moment through asymmetric application of charging agents, so that the application of a voltage between plates 630 and 640 causes NPs 610 to rotate from the orientation of
In general, neither NPs 610 nor the surrounding molecules need be ordered as shown in
Various combinations of the above techniques can be incorporated into a single color tunable structure. For example, if opposite walls of a color-tunable structure contain materials with very different indices of refraction (or indices much different than the fluid in which the NPs are dispersed) then driving the NPs toward or away from these walls can shift the plasmon resonance of the NPs through both aggregation effects and proximity to the walls. Alternatively, one or more walls can include a metal film or metal structures that exhibit a plasmon resonance and coupling between the NPs and this film can be used in conjunction with aggregation of the NPs or changes in the refractive index around the NPs. Yet another possibility is to use electrophoretic or electrowetting techniques in combination with controlled aggregation to both tune the optical spectra of the NPs and remove them from view when necessary.
The ability to tune the color of structures described above in regard to NPs can also be applied to other discrete structures that define or limit available plasmon modes. In particular, a continuous metal surface may be shaped to have features with plasmon modes that are substantially defined by the features, and the plasmon resonances of such features can be tuned to desired wavelengths using many of the above-described techniques.
Color tunable structure 700 includes a fluid 720 and particles 730 that can be moved to alter the dielectric properties of the surroundings of film 710. Particles 730 can be particles having dielectric properties that differ from those of fluid 720 (e.g., particles of TiO2 in isopar) or may be NPs having plasmon resonances capable of coupling to the discrete plasmon resonances of surface 730. To tune the color of structure 700, particles 730 can be continuously moved to change the average separation between features 712 and particles 730 or the concentration of particles around features 712. For example,
The dielectric property, spacing, and orientation control techniques for color tuning as described above using NPs can also be used in embodiments using discrete features on continuous structures. For example, a color tunable structure 700 or 750 of
An advantage of color tunable structures 700 and 750, which include films 710 and 715 that are shaped to create discrete features, is the ability to alter the index of refraction in a greater volume around the resonant structure, when compared, for example, to a system using plasmon resonances in a large flat films. The ability to alter a greater portion of the surroundings can lead to larger shifts in the optical spectra of discrete features 712 or 715. Another possible advantage over flatter features is a greater cross-section for scattering or absorbing in thicker structures, which could lead to better color contrast.
The spectral characteristics of the plasmon resonances of NPs or other discrete features in the above-described color tunable structures can be selected according to the desired effect or use of the color tunable structure. For example, in a display pixel structure using additive color as described further below, a relatively narrow resonance is preferred. How narrow generally depends on which color is being created and how saturated the color needs to be. To get a highly saturated blue, one would want to scatter blue light in a range about 30 nm. For red, a 50 nm scattering band would provide fairly saturated color. On the other hand, a narrow band may not be optimal in a display pixel using �subtractive� color. For instance, a display pixel using subtractive color to display red may need to absorb the entire visible spectrum except for red. To get green, with subtractive color requires absorbing all the blue and red (i.e., 2 bands). A wide resonance width (e.g., about equal to wavelength range of visible light or other light to be gated) would be desired if a color tunable structure is used as an electronically-controlled shutter or reflector.
The width of a plasmon resonance of an NP or other discrete feature generally depends on the band structure of the constituent material or materials, so that a desired width may be achieved in a color tunable structure through selection of an appropriate material for the desired application of the color tunable structure. Composite structures can also be used to engineer the width of the plasmon resonance. For example, it has been shown that the resonance of solid metal spheres can be narrowed by replacing the core of the sphere with a dielectric material. See, for example, J. Flintermann, G. Schatz, and K. Shuford, Nanoscape 3, 29 (2006). Alternatively, a desired resonance width can be achieved through mixing of NPs or features of different sizes, shapes, or composition. Similarly, the relative magnitudes for scattering and absorption can be adjusted through control of feature size because in general, absorption will dominate in small features and NPs while scattering dominates in larger features and NPs. Other characteristics of the tunable structures can similarly be controlled or altered through selection of the size, materials, or mixtures of NPs or other discrete features used.
Any of the color-tunable structures described above may be used as an electronically-controlled shutter or reflector. High contrast in such a reflector or shutter can be produced using the above tunable structures with NPs containing a material (such as a rhodium/aluminum bilayer) having a very broad plasmon resonance. For a shutter, the tunable structure can be tuned to absorb or scatter a broad band of light covering the visible spectrum to provide a black or white opaque state. For an electronically controlled reflector, the tunable structure can be tuned to reflect a broad band of light covering all or most of the visible spectrum. In either case, the tuning can shift the resonance peak outside the visible spectrum for a transparent state corresponding to low absorption, scattering, and/or reflectivity for visible light.
The ability to tune the absorption and/or scattering spectra of the optically active material in a reflective display provides large advantages in terms of architectural simplicity, manufacturing cost, and achievable brightness and contrast in a display. In particular, a color tunable structure that uses scattering to provide apparent color of a pixel can be tuned to produce spectral colors. For example, if the color tunable structure scattered light in a narrow range that was tunable throughout the visible spectrum then the structure could create the hues corresponding to spectral colors, which corresponds to a curve near the border of a conventional chromaticity diagram. This limit range of hues would be adequate for some applications. On the other hand, if the tuning can be accomplished at rates that are fast relative to the response of the human eye then the perception of any hue within the conventional chromaticity diagram could be created by rapidly dithering the optical response of the active material along the curve. Side-by-side architectures can produce and sustain the color hues perceivable by humans through a combination of two color-tunable sub-pixels, as explained further below. In contrast, conventional color pixel structures require three sub-pixels (e.g., RGB) that are separately control to produce colors. In addition, the ability to tune the absorption and/or scattering out of the visible range allows the optically active material to be placed in a transparent state. This allows the use of stacked geometries having fewer layers that required in conventional stacked pixel architectures.
Shutter 820 is a transparent/white shutter (with intermediate levels) that allows control (but not independent control) of the color hue and brightness of the pixel structure 800. This control is achieved by changing the fraction of incident white light that is reflected at the shutter 820. Increasing the reflection of the shutter also decreases the fraction of light scattered by the color tunable medium 840. Through a combination of changing the fraction of white light reflected by the shutter 820 and tuning the wavelength range of light reflected by the medium 840, a large portion of the human color gamut can be accessed with a single pixel structure. Shutter 820 can be implemented using a broad-band color tunable structure such as described above. In particular, shutter 820 can be implemented as a color tunable structure having a plasmon resonance that is wide enough to scatter frequencies of light corresponding to all or a significant portion of the visible spectrum and having sufficient tuning range that the plasmon resonance can be shifted out of the visible spectrum. Alternatively, shutter 820 can be implemented using liquid crystals, electrophoretic, electrowetting, or even mechanical technologies, or other conventional technologies.
Color tunable layer 840 can use any of the above described principles and embodiments for tuning plasmon resonances and controlling the color of layer 840. In pixel structure 800, color tunable layer 840 is preferably optimized for scattering light. Further, color tunable layer 840 preferably has a tunable plasmon resonance that can be tuned across a range of light wavelengths extending over the visible range and beyond to a resonance frequency that is not visible to the human eye, i.e., to an infrared or ultraviolet wavelength.
Pixel structure 800 is reflective and during operation receives incident white light through the front transparent plate 810. Shutter 820, color tunable layer 840, and back plate 850 absorb or scatter portions of the incident light to generate the apparent color of pixel structure 800.
Pixel structure 800 operates shutter 820 in its most reflective or white state when displaying the color white. In this state, pixel structure 800 simply scatters incident white light, and the tuning of scattering layer 840 doesn't affect the color of pixel structure 800. In contrast, when shutter 820 is fully transparent, scattering layer 840 can be tuned to scatter light of spectral colors corresponding to points on border 870 for display of any desired spectral color, i.e., any color on border 870 of chromaticity diagram 860. In practice, the color of pixel structure 800 will differ somewhat from a pure spectral color even when shutter 820 is fully transparent because of the finite width of the plasmon resonance of color tunable 840. However, good saturation of spectral colors can be achieved with a narrow resonance and large plasmon resonance peak.
Pixel structure 800 operates shutter 820 in a partially transparent state when displaying colors other than white or a spectral color. For example, tunable scattering structure 840 may be tuned to have a scattering resonance corresponding to a point 844, which is between wavelengths 580 nm and 600 nm in
Pixel structure 800 can represent other colors by turning scattering structure 840 to other spectral colors. For example, if layer 840 is tuned to a color corresponding to a point 846 in
Alternative pixel structures can employ a vertical/stacked arrangement of color tunable layers or a horizontal arrangement of color tunable layers.
Pixel structure 900 can display the color white or shades of gray by shifting the plasmon resonance for both sub-pixels 900A and 900B out of the visible spectrum or tuning them to absorb complementary portions of the spectrum that, combined, give the perception of white, and controlling the transparency of shutters 920A and 920B to achieve the desired brightness. The maximum brightness depends on the reflectance of back plates 950A and 950B and on the transmittance of shutters 920A and 920B and absorptive layers 940A and 940B in their respective transparent states. The maximum brightness will also depend on the transparency of electrode layers 910A, 910B, 930A, and 930B and any polarizers (not shown) that may be included in shutters 920A and 920B or color-tunable layers 940A and 940B. Black, which corresponds to minimum brightness, is displayed by making both shutters 920A and 920B absorptive.
Pixel structure 900 can display other colors by tuning the two sub-pixels 900A and 900B to absorb appropriate wavelengths, while the amplitude (or brightness) of pixel 900 is controlled by partially opening shutters 920A and 920B. For example, one absorbing layer 940A can be tuned to absorb a portion of the visible spectrum peaked at a first wavelength corresponding to a point 992A in the chromaticity diagram 990 of
The distances of points 994A and 994B from white point 995 will depend on the distances of points 992A and 992B from white. The distances will not necessarily be proportional. However, points 994A and 994B will tend to be near the boundary or �saturated� if respective points 992A and 992B are near the boundary of chromaticity diagram 990.
Tunable absorptive layers 920A and 920B in one implementation are tunable over different ranges of light wavelengths and are not required to be tunable over the entire visible spectrum. For example, absorptive layer 940A may be tunable to absorb wavelengths less than about 520 nm, while absorptive layer 940B is tunable to absorb wavelengths greater than 520 nm. With this configuration, sub-pixel 900A will provide a relatively larger contribution to colors on the right side of chromaticity diagram 900, and sub-pixel 900B will provide a relatively larger contribution to colors on the left side of chromaticity diagram 900. Accordingly, most of the colors perceptible to the human eye can be displayed with two color tunable structures, each tunable over a spectral range that covers only about one half of the visible spectrum.
The achievable color saturation of pixel 900 is partly determined by the shape of the plasmon absorption in absorptive layers 940A and 940B. This shape can be altered or optimized by choosing different materials, particle sizes, or particle shapes. Based on geometry, pixel structure 900 can provide better color saturation than conventional reflective pixels having horizontally arranged fixed color sub-pixels, e.g., red, green, and blue sub-pixels, because both of sub-pixels 900A and 900B can be tuned to provide the desired color. In addition, conventional horizontally-arranged configurations with three fixed colors can only use about a third of the available pixel area for display of some colors, e.g., red, green, or blue, thereby limiting the achievable brightness. With only two sub-pixels 900A and 900B in pixel structure 900 about one half or more of the available area of pixel structure 900 is active when producing any color, providing better brightness. Further, when both sub-pixels 900A and 900B are individually able to display a color, both sub-pixels 900A and 900B can be tuned to produce the desired color so that nearly 100% of the pixel area has the desired color, thereby yielding greater brightness. The side-by-side configuration of pixel structure 900 can also be brighter than a conventional stacked fixed-color configuration because it avoids the light losses inherent in the additional layers, such as electrode layers, employed in stacked configurations. However, pixel 900 may not be able to achieve some of the saturated colors that a stacked configuration described below can produce, such as saturated green hues.
An alternative configuration of pixel structure 900 replaces one of the white back plates 950A or 950B with a black plate and replaces the corresponding color-tunable absorptive layer 940A or 940B with a color-tunable layer optimized for scattering of light with a frequency range corresponding to the tuned resonance frequency of the color-tunable layer.
The color tuning capabilities of plasmon resonances as described above can be incorporated in pixel structures also employing fixed dye technologies and/or shutter functions.
Pixel structure 1000 can be used to display the color black by applying a bias to both pairs of plates to move black particles 1030 forward toward front plates 1010A and 1010B. Pixel structure 1000 can be used to display the other colors by applying independent biases to each pair of plates 1010A and 1050A or 1010B and 1050B to move black particles 1030 away from and move NPs 1020 toward front plates 1010A and 1010B. The relative concentrations of NPs 1020 and black particles 130 near front plates 1010A and 1010B can be continuously varied to control the brightness of sub-pixels 1000A and 1000B. The plasmon resonances of NPs 1020 are then tuned so that the combination colors sub-pixels 1000A and 1000B achieves the desired color for pixel 1000. For example, to display white, NPs 1020 in sub-pixels 1000A and 1000B are tuned to a complementary pair of colors that creates the impression of white (e.g., to blue and yellow or red and cyan scattering NPs 1020 or to absorb blue and yellow or red and cyan). To achieve other hues, the NPs 1020 are tuned to a pair of colors that together create the impression of that hue. The tuning can be controlled by controlling the degree of aggregation of NPs 1020 near the transparent electrode 1010A or 1010B, for example, through the application of the proper combination of AC and DC electric fields. As an alternative, additional shutter layers can be added as in the previous architectures. Further, different reflected intensity levels may be displayed by partially mixing the black particles 1030 and tunable NPs 1020.
Other alternative pixel structure architectures can include stacked color-tunable layers. These stacked pixel structures can reduce the requirements on the shutters and backing layers in order to achieve independent control of hue and amplitude and may be less complex than conventional stacked pixel architectures because two color-tunable layers can replace three fixed color layers conventionally employed.
A stacked pixel structure 1100A of
A stacked pixel structure 1100B of
A stacked pixel structure 1100C of
Unlike most conventional paper-like display technologies, many of the embodiments disclosed here are capable of video rate operation. This is because the phenomena that are utilized are both fast and require little power to switch from one state to another. For example, electrophoretic embodiments that require sub-micron motions of NPs can be fast and low power. The same is true for techniques that rely on changing the phase or orientation of liquid-crystal molecules in which NPs are embedded (particularly if fast liquid crystals such as ferroelectrics are used). The embodiments described here also require less current for video rate operation than many of the conventional technologies based on electrochromic effects or redox reactions. Finally, the above-described plasmon-based pixel structures should be cyclable the large number of times necessary for video operation over a period of years, e.g., 109 or more reversible changes of optical properties.
Although the invention has been described with reference to particular embodiments, the description is only an example of the invention's application and should not be taken as a limitation. Various other adaptations and combinations of features of the embodiments disclosed are within the scope of the invention as defined by the following claims.
Referenced by
Original Image


text:
Pronunciation: San Rafael
Added on: 2009-02-22 Listened: 748 timesin: california, Marin County, USA, North American city, common pronunciation
Pronunciation in Spanish [es]
- Pronunciation by cuza (Female from Spain)
0 votes
- Pronunciation by calixto (Male from Spain)
0 votes
- Pronunciation by alexplanation (Male from United States)
0 votes
Could you do it better? different accent? Pronounce San Rafael in Spanish
Accents & languages on maps
- Random word: prerromano
Not satisfied?
Modify word:
· Add languages
· Add categories
Report word:
Is there anything wrong with this word?
Please report it here.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
short longboarding trip in the rain through hamburg.
Loading more stuff…
Hmm…it looks like things are taking a while to load. Try again?
TM + © 2015 Vimeo, LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with k in NYC.
Your content preferences apply to any Vimeo videos you view. Learn more about content preferences in our FAQ.


text:
Enzian Inn
No availability found through our partners. Please contact the business directly or check some of our recommended alternatives.
How has this hotel rated in the past?
- Suites
- Continental Breakfast
- Continental Breakfast
- Suites
- Continental Breakfast
- Suites
Photos of Enzian Inn
Travelers also recommend:
Historical Traveler Reviews Enzian Inn Leavenworth
VIP Suite Review at the Enziann
My husband and I recieved a gift certificate for the Enzian as a wedding gift.. we were trying to book the bridal suite but it was unavailable until late January.. we chose to stay in the VIP room since it was available sooner.. it was a beautiful room. Our only complaint was, the VIP room is on the third floor.. the restaurant/breakfast area is on the 4th floor.. we were awakened at 4AM by people running back and forth on the celing and stomping.. and it became worse around 7AM and later stopped in the afternoon.Neigbors walking up and down the hall were a little on the noisy side as well.. We hadn't experienced disruptions like that at other hotels we have stayed at in the past. Other than missing out on some sleep we had a wonderful time in a very beautiful room.
Only place in town to stay
Our first experience in Leavenworth was at a different motel. The next year a friend of my husband highly recommended the Enzian. So that t year my husband made surprise reservations for me, and of all rooms he reserved the Bridal Suite. We were truly in awe. The room had a beautiful king sized bed with individual comforters, a jucuzzi, fireplace and sliding doors that lead to the patio, which overlooked the pool. The breakfast is absolutely the best, even my husband get's full! Across the street from the Enzian is their, beautiful, 18 hole putting course, which is an absolute blast. The Enzian sits, only, a couple of minutes from town. It is the only place we have stayed since, or will stay wwhen visiting Leavenworth. The Leavenworth experience, to us, is not complete unless you stay at the Enzian.
Don't go anywhere else!!!
I have been going to the Enzian since I was a little kid. I am now 27 and still make it a point to go at least once a year. The Facilities are always clean and the service is 5 star!!!
The best
WE have stayed elsewhere in Leavenworth. The Enzian is the best! WE love the seranade in the morning and the great people who work there.
You cannot beat the setting for a real romantic evening. The Tower or VIP suites are the only way to go. Do it in the winter for greater ambiance. The breakfast on the rooftop is tops...no pun intended. We'll be back.
The Best
The Enzian is the best. We have been staying there for 14 years. It is the cleanest, nicest place in Leavenworth. It is probably the most expensive, but worth every penny. We won't stay anywhere else.
Enzion is a great hotel! The indoor and outdoor pools are great. Enzion is just minutes away from town,while walking, and it has a great lobby and when Mr. Johnson plays in the morning at breakfest it music to my ears!
Best in Town
The Enzian is simply the best place to stay in all of Leavenworth!I've visitited the town every year for nearly 20 years now. For the last 11 years, I've stayed at the Enzian and I will definitely stay there again.Pros:- Beautifully appointed rooms (from the smallest to the largest) with handcrafted furniture and warm duvet covers- Free buffet breakfasts with a stunning view- Fantastic lobby with nightly pianist, cider, and coffee, games, books, and a large fireplace- Indoor and outdoor pool and hot tub- Indoor basketball/raquetball court- Exercise room- Table-tennis room- Spectacular suites (see below)- Friendly owners (if you have a chance, chat with Mr. Johnson or his son... great people)- Cons:- Price is a bit high, but great value- Rooms are very hard to book, plan aheadThe Tower Suite:Normally when I stay at the Enzian, I get a regular room, which is always clean, quiet, and nicely appointed. In 2003, I had the pleasure of staying in the Tower Suite, the largest and most expensive suite at the Inn. I highly recommend it!First, it's large. There is a main room that is the size of most of the rooms at the Enzian. It houses the entry way, the cabinetry, one television, the bed, and a sitting area. A door from the main room leads out onto a private balcony looking onto the pool area, with a view of the mountains. The sitting area has a small table with a bottle of (non-alcoholic) Sparkling Cider and two champagne glasses... complimentary. The main room also has a vanity area, with a sink, large mirrors, a coffee maker, glasses, etc.Off the vanity area is the bathroom. It is all done in European tilework. A freestanding sink, toilet, bidet and a large two-headed shower complete the room.Off the main room, through a pair of French doors, is the sitting room. (There is also a door to the bathroom here). This room has a large leather loveseat with a TV and VCR on one end. In the middle is a full-size murphy bed that pulls out of the wall for larger groups. At the far end is a round sitting area witha. Oh, and did I forget to mention that in the middle is a large soaking tub! Bath salts, comfy robes and soaps are all provided!It's the BEST romantic getaway. Very quiet, very nice.A great place for families, friends, lovers, you!
The Best
Always warm, always first rate, always clean and great pool!
Always a great experience.
We have visited the Enzian every October for the last five years and our experience each time has been tremendous. The rooms are always clean and very comfortable. The employees are friendly and courteous. The complimentary breakfast is outstanding. The overall experience is well worth the money.
TripAdvisor Reviews Enzian Inn Leavenworth
Travel Blogs from Leavenworth
From the Sea to The Mountains.
Busy day yesterday just shopping. We went first to the Premium Outlets at Quida Vida or something similar. All the high end shops were there so didn't spend much. Did get a pair of travel pants and shirt at Eddie Bauer. There isn't much that I need and I also have to carry it back home.
We changed to another outlet mall where they …
Wenatchee to Astoria Oregon
... Weather was pretty iffy most of the day but was a very scenic route. Stopped at Astoria at the Best Western - good hotel - rate $108 plus $15 for George. Was clean and relatively new. Ate dinner at the Ship Inn which was a good seafood place. Basic and definitely not fine dining but good ...
Off to Palm Springs
... hopefully next year it will be better......George started drooling before we hit Westbank and threw up his breakfast (note to self not to let him eat before we leave) before we got to Penticton. He continued drooling on and off most of the day! Border crossing was easy and quick. A lot of questions were asked about our snow bird status - i.e. proof of our residency in Canada. Was advised to have a full year of credit card statements as ...
Wenatchee, Washington
... restaurant on top of the hotel which is along the Columbia River. The river-walk also makes for a pleasant jog.
Down the road on US2 is an interesting town named Leavenworth which is a Bavarian village, sadly I was not here during Oktoberfest but it looked like a great place to spend a day checking out shops and German fare.
Breakfast with the Bikies in Hog Heaven
... beautiful nick.
When we moved on from there, we followed the coastline around Washington Park but due to heavy fog we were unable to see any vistas. we just drove along following the coast. We got our first lot of Gas since having the RV and it was so cheap I took a photo of the bowser...$47 it was expensive fuel too @ $3.95 per gallon, the going rate in town was around $3.50 anyways I was very happy. We stopped and had ice cream instead of lunch at a ...


text:
To whose benefit?
Top Stories
- Live, Ind vs Aus: Quick strikes put India on top
- Bengal nun gangrape: First arrest made from Mumbai
- Germanwings crash: Chilling report says one pilot left cockpit, was unable to return
- If anything that is defamatory goes off, we will have a very boring Internet: Jaitley
- Hooda govt bent rules to favour Robert Vadra firm: CAG
The government has rolled out the ambitious Aadhaar-enabled direct cash transfer scheme, but the Left feels the legality of this scheme is yet to be settled in the absence a law enacted by Parliament. The CPM weekly, People's Democracy, argues that the National Identification Authority of India Bill, 2011, is still pending before Parliament and notes that a parliamentary standing committee has already made it clear that the bill, in its present form, is unacceptable.
According to the committee, it says, the data collected by the UIDAI may be transferred to the National Population Register and has asked the government to reconsider and review the UID scheme, as also the ramifications of all the proposals contained in the bill, and bring fresh legislation before Parliament.
"The current launch of the scheme is based on the clearance of the ministry of law and justice for issuing Aadhaar numbers, pending passage of the bill by Parliament on the ground that powers of the executive are co-extensive with the legislative power of the government, and that the government is not debarred from exercising its executive power in areas which are not regulated by legislation. The parliamentary standing committee completely disagrees with such an understanding," it argues.
An editorial in People's Democracy claims the system has inherent weaknesses, like low reliability and success rate of fingerprint recognition, low penetration of banks in rural areas and problems in identification of beneficiaries. "The basic philosophy behind this scheme is that over a period of time, the government will dismantle all its obligations in the social sector. Cash transfers will automatically and continuously reduce the government's subsidy bill. This is so because as prices rise, the quantities available to people get reduced in proportion to the cash transferred," it concludes.
A STUDY In MISOGYNY
An editorial in CPI(ML) weekly ML Update argues that the sustained nationwide movement for gender justice has evoked an angry, misogynist backlash. It says that while RSS chief Mohan Bhagwat has taken the lead, an assortment of patriarchal forces have joined the bandwagon.
Referring to the statements made by Bhagwat, the VHP's Ashok Singhal, as also the BJP's Madhya Pradesh leaders Babulal Gaur and Kailash Vijayvargiya, it says, "considered together, such statements clearly reveal how the Sangh Parivar proposes to go about nation-building constructing the 'Hindu Rashtra' to be more precise on a medieval patriarchal foundation."
"Misogynist attitudes have always been a central theme of Hindutva... In normal circumstances, however, the protagonists take care to try and give somewhat sophisticated expressions to their obscurantist views. But this time around they lost their cool when the current movement, instead of dying down as they had expected, continued and went beyond the immediate demand of justice for the Delhi victim and punishment for the culprits when it developed into a broader one fighting for a thorough overhaul of gender relations in society and polity, when demands like 100 per cent conviction of rapists and suspension of all MLAs and MPs charged for offences like rape began to be raised. The whole political structure of patriarchy was shaken, and they could wait no more," it adds.
An editorial in the CPI journal New Age seeks to link the protests in Delhi over the gangrape to the economic policies of the UPA government. It says that 2013 has begun with gloom and anger the world over due to the deepening economic crisis. "There is no doubt that the brutality of the gangrape was the immediate cause of outbursts, though it is basically the pent-up frustration and anger due to ever compounding economic and social miseries heaped by the ruling classes... Growing unemployment, price-rise and economic disparities have increased the economic burden on households, including those of the middle classes and affluent sections, who were earlier the most ardent supporters of the misadventure of imposition of policies of globalisation, liberalisation and privatisation... They were there on the streets when Anna Hazare launched his campaign against corruption, another product of economic neoliberalism," it says. The editorial argues that despite protests against crime against women as well as neoliberalism, the government is not ready to draw lessons.
Compiled by Manoj C.G.


text:
SECURE YARD SPACE + OFFICES (TO LET) Close to the Liberty Stadium, Easy in/out Terms
Secure Yard Space, which is secured by steel palisade fencing, Excellent central location which can be used for a multitude of uses. Close to shops, banks etc, plenty of parking, Close to M4. A selection of offices are also avaliable.
- Date available: 16 Feb 2015


text:
Real news. Real funny.
Real news. Real funny.
If you can read this, either the style sheet didn't load or you have an older browser that doesn't support style sheets. Try clearing your browser cache and refreshing the page.
• • •
25433 clicks; posted to Entertainment » on 09 Jan 2012 at 1:07 PM (3 years ago) | Favorite | share: more»
Share this link:
Article Comments close
Voting Results (Smartest)
Archived thread
Displayed 17 of 17 comments
This thread is archived, and closed to new comments.
Submit a Link »
In Other Media
Stories from our partner sites:
Fred And Robert Durst: Can You Spot T...
Montreal's Penis Temple Dedicated To...
Gold Artist Is A Real-Life King Midas
3D Printer Can't Sculpt Easy Cheese:...
More news at HuffPostWeirdNews »
Kym Johnson, 'Dancing With The Stars'...
Kevin Fleming: 5 Fast Facts You Need...
Chris D'Elia, Justin Bieber's Favorit...
Robert Herjavec's Wife Diane Plese &...
More news at Heavy »
The 10 Best Male Rappers of All Time
22 Jump Street's Lord and Miller Turn...
NYC Mayor Bill de Blasio and Assorted...
How New York Comedian Michael Che Wil...
More news at Village Voice »


text:
Activities during Dr. Vandana Shiva's visit to Kansas City
Cultivate Kansas City
Friday, April 18, 2014 at 9:00 AM - Saturday, April 19, 2014 at 2:00 PM (CDT)
Who's Going
San Francisco, California
London, United Kingdom
Florence, Italy
Event Details
If you are traveling to Kansas City to hear Dr. Vandana Shiva speak on Thursday, April 17, Cultivate Kansas City invites you to stay on Friday to connect with farmers and growers in our community and from around the region. On Friday and Saturday we have organized a variety of activities for you to learn, connect and grow with us! Check out the lineup below and sign up for what you are interested in. Most activities are free, a few require purchase of food.
If you have any questions, please contact Ami Freeberg, Communications & Outreach Manager of Cultivate Kansas City, at ami[at]cultivatekc.org or 913-944-5639.
We look forward to connecting with you soon!
Purchase lecture tickets here: http://www.eventbrite.com/e/dr-vandana-shiva-cultivating-diversity-freedom-and-hope-tickets-10176788047?aff=eorg
Purchase dinner tickets here: http://www.eventbrite.com/e/dinner-with-dr-vandana-shiva-tickets-10179716807?aff=eorg
When & Where
Various, see individual event details below
Friday, April 18, 2014 at 9:00 AM - Saturday, April 19, 2014 at 2:00 PM (CDT)
Add to my calendar
Cultivate Kansas City
Cultivate Kansas City is a locally-grown non-profit working to grow food, farms and communities for a healthy local food system.
We grow food. We're farmers who work to feed you, your family and your community good, fresh, real food right here in Kansas City.
We grow farms. We're educators, trainers, facilitators and organizers. We work to help growers develop skills and access resources to start sustainable farm businesses on our city's vacant land.
We grow community. We bring people together. We help farmers connect with each other. We help farmers connect to their neighbors and community. We help you connect with your farmers.


text:
Popular in Women
Answers for Lean Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - PCOSChallenge.com
in Women
Much of the information about PCOS focuses on weight loss, but what if you are a lean woman with PCOS? Dr. Daniel Dumesic joins the PCOS Challenge radio show to speak about lean women with PCOS. Dr. Dumesic is Professor and Division Chief of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University of California, Los Angeles. Join other women in the fight against polycystic ovary syndrome at PCOSChallenge.com.
A Culture of Marriage: Does It Still Exist For African American Males?
in Women
Why are there so many single men who don't want to get married? Dr. Jamal Shahid, author of Broader Perspectives in Effectively Educating All Of Us, and Dr. Obari Cartman, author Lady's Man: Conversations For Young Men About Relationships and Manhood, discuss the evolving attitudes of Black males regarding marriage and family. Are men even being socialized to prepare themselves for marriage when they reach adulthood? Or has divorce and out of wedlock births made it more common to remai
Wrapping up WoMMarch on The Mompreneur Model with Dori DeCarlo
in Women
Tune in on March 26th as we wrap up #WoMMarch with our final anniversary party show! Joining me are WoMRadio past guests Diane Trone, Donna Cravotta, Patty Farmer, Linda J. Alexander, Debbie Barth, and Kathy Shimmield. Also joining us, Nancy Mueller who interviewed me this past year along with show sponsors Dr. Christina Hibbert, Nicole Borota and well...you never know. All I can say is that we are going to have a blast celebrating our anniversary month and hope you'll join is an
World Kitchen Presents Wedding Day Radio: Sam Jaeger
in Women
Sam Jaeger is living proof that just because an actor has played opposite such ladykillers as Bradley Cooper—in American Sniper—and Benicio Del Toro—in Traffic—he can still wind up being the kind of guy you take home to mother. "We've been together for 16 years," the star of NBC's Parenthood tells Milling About host Robin Milling of college sweetheart Amber Jaeger. "We spent the first eight years trying to figure out what it means to be in l
Blessing circle... faith is when you close your eyes and open your heart.
in Women
Our intentions are pure... SImply Grace honors diversity in faith and experience by providing a sacred space of kindness, compassion, love and hope for humanity. The Blessing Circle is a divine interruption, a gentle reminder of the abundant grace present in our lives. Faith is when we close our eyes and open our hearts...to be vulnerable, to surrender, to trust as we lean back into the arms of grace and God. The moment faith becomes a reality in our vision, we begin to see the invisible, bel
When It's Time to Cut the Purse Strings
in Women
Are you generous to a fault? There's nothing wrong with generosity in itself. But when it gets to the point that the beneficiaries of your generosity have begun to take your kindness for granted, that's a clear sign that it's time for some lines to be drawn.However, when it's a close friend or relative, setting and keeping boundaries is harder for some than for others. Perhaps your driving force is fear: "If I don't help, who will?" Maybe it's pride: "
Having Positive Self-Esteem: What's it all About? (Dr. Kirleen Neely)
in Women
Dr. Kirleen Neely is my guest for a series of shows on Self-Esteem. This segment, she will be sharing her thoughts on what it really means to have positive self-esteem; myths about it, and why it impacts women more intensely than it does men. ABOUT PLAID FOR WOMEN: Plaid for Women radio is produced to give you information, advice and resources to manage "The Business of Life". Our goal is to help you achieve your goals, get connected, and be heard. LET'S GET
Touch A Heart
in Women
Today's Show: Join us as we continue our series: Beyond the Pews...Beyond the Pulpit, with special guest: Bishop Dexter Kilpatrick. As we continue our conversation on the real heart and life of the Pastor. www.touchaheart.org Links:
Talk about sex - with your children!
in Women
Protecting your children also means educating them age appropriately. Nurturing a deep sense of self-esteem is an important part of the process, but also talking about boundaries, bodies and sex! When is good time, how can you bring it up, what about when they ask the hard questions that make you feel akward? My children have grown up with a Birth Educator and a Homebirther as their mother, so there's not too many secrets in my house about where babies come from, but
Wendy Williams
in Women
Host of nationally syndicated TV hit "The Wendy Williams Show" and former #1 radio show "The Wendy Williams Experience" on WBLS in NYC. She is the author of two New York Times best sellers and a working mom. Backstage interview at Mercedes Benz Fashion Week in NYC with the designer behind the iconic brand Custo Barcelona before the 12th season show at Bryant Park. Talking fashion & more on "The Ceslie Show"
Women On The Rise presents Laurie Battaglia
in Women
Featuring Laurie Battaglia Laurie has spent the last 17 years of her career working for some of the nation's largest investment and banking companies. She is Vice President for Wells Fargo in Phoenix, where she manages a team of Learning and Communication Professionals. Laurie is a former leadership development facilitator for Vanguard, the nation's largest mutual fund company. Join Host Celeste S. Duckworth, for the Women On The Rise Program with guest Laurie Battaglia and lets t
Living Energy Interviews Haya Leah Molnar, author of "Under a Red Sky"
in Women
Born in Bucharest, Romania as Eva Zimmermann, Haya Leah Molnar's Hebrew name and Jewish identity were hidden from her in order to protect her against anti-Semitism. When she was ten, she and her family escaped the Communist regime and emigrated to Israel, and later to the US. A copywriter and creative director in advertising, she now writes full time in New York City, where she lives. This is her first book. Molnar teaches and writes extensively about the creative process. Listen or join the sh
- ...
About Women
You may notice our selection of women's talk radio is curved for comfort, allowing for extra support in all the right places. Actually, if you think that's what women want to hear, spend some time on BlogTalkRadio and be prepared to take notes! Women in our post-aughts world defy categorization: we range from housewives to daredevils to CEOs, to everything in between. Our day might go from the yoga mat to ushering the kids to school to keynoting a conference to designing a park to playing on the company flag football team to attending a gala, then picking up orange juice on the way home. We are master multi-taskers, and love swapping secrets, so connect with some of the world's most notable women for advice on navigating your increasingly complex life – topics like health, starting a business, fashion, parenting, finance, cooking, decluttering, shopping, relationships, fitness, teaching and so much more.
Today's Best Podcasts
Join Host Live Chats
- High Frequency Radio Network (92 chatters)
- WGAG Radio (23 chatters)
- Earth Angels Radio (5 chatters)
- Will Rogers PhD TheocentricBiz (4 chatters)
- KyThymer (3 chatters)
- Life Conversations (3 chatters)
- EZWAYBROADCASTING (2 chatters)
- Psychic Mia0899cs (1 chatters)
- Catch Your Spirit (1 chatters)


text:
|Home Software category Just in softwares Submit a program Contact us Link to us
Home > Desktop::Screen Savers: Other > online studies web 1.0
online studies web 1.0
Masters Studies, Pharmacy Tech Online CoursesCompany: online studies web
Platform: Win95,Win98,WinME,WinNT 3.x,WinNT 4.x,Windows2000,WinXP,Windows2003,Windows Vist
Size: 1099 KB
Price: USD $0.00
Release Date: 2008-04-16
Screenshot URL: http://www.onlinestudiesweb.com/screensaver/screenshot.jpg
Category: Desktop::Screen Savers: Other
Various magazines and newspaper offer online versions of their publications, and numerous governmental associations, organizations and societies archive their research and findings on websites. These sites are known for providing accurate, useful information, and are respected entries in any bibliography for a student?s online studies.
Related keywords:
Online Studies studies programs Screen Saver Internet Explorer Add on
online studies web Related Titles:Afternoon Desserts Free Screensaver 2.0.1 - Look at afternoon desserts for 5 o'clock tea!
Circle Bubble Screensaver 1.1 - Circle Bubble Screensaver
Free Fire Screensaver 2.20.133 - Watch your desktop amazingly appear to colorfully catch on fire!
Heart On Fire Screensaver 2.20.133 - Feel romantic with a silky smooth burning heart on your desktop!
Fantastic Flame Screensaver 7.20.133 - Watch your desktop amazingly appear to catch on colorful fire!
Spring Love Screensaver 1.0 - Present to your attention our new Spring Love Screensaver.
Flash Screen Saver 5.1509 - Flash Screen Saver is a screensaver which can play flash movies.
Luxury Car Screensaver 1.0 - Luxury Car Screensaver
Free Apple Watch Giveaway Screensaver 1.0.0 - Get a free Apple Watch Screensaver from http://www.freeapplewatch.com
Kidcare Instant Screenshot 2.0.1 - Monitor your home PC, get your kids activities
IRONMAN Screensaver 1.58 - IRONMAN Screensaver for all versions of Windows os with great settings and featu
Darkshadows Revival series Screensaver 1.066 - Darkshadows Revival series Screensaver
Audio & Multimedia Business Communications Desktop Development Dwg to pdf Education Dwg Converter Games & Entertainment Graphic Apps Convert PDF to DWG Home & Hobby Network & Internet News Security & Privacy Servers System Utilities Web Development Others
Copyright © 2000 - 2015 FreeSharewareCenter.com - Freeware and Shareware Download Center.
All Rights Reserved.


text:
Website Created by 3B Productions. Updated 02/27/2015
There's No Place Like OCTA
2014 State Conference
Help 3B Productions to continue making great theatre.
Donate Today!
Maumee Indoor Theater
601 Conant St.
Maumee, OH
3B Productions Proudly Presents
When: Friday, February 27 from 7-9pm
Sunday, March 1 from 2-5pm
Where: Auditions will be held at the
First Presbyterian Church in Waterville
611 Farnsworth Rd, Waterville, OH
What To Expect: Prepare a 90 second cut of a song that shows best range (but be prepared
to sing more if asked). Also, be prepared to dance. Accompanist provided.
Rehearsals will be held on Fridays from 7-10, Sundays from 2-5, and Tuesdays from
7-9:30. Tentatively schedule to begin mid-March once materials arrive.
Show dates are May 14-17, 2015, at Maumee Indoor Theater
Director Michelle Johnson
Choreographer Bob Marzola
Music Director Nicole Spadafore
Produced by Joe Barton & Jesse Bernal
Both Shrek and Les Miserables performed amazingly at the State OCTA Conference with
standing ovations for both excerpts. Congrats!!!!
Audition Information for


text:
May 25, 2012 at 10:32AM EDT
Those headings are under DT tags so you need to override the CSS rules for them. White is #FFFFFF, #fff or just 'white'
Heh, for a moment I could only see my own theme. The code remembers the last theme you use so it applied my own theme to your profile until I used the switch. To fix that you need to remove support for the starcraft theme and change your default theme to "stylewabbit"
Cheezburger Blog Advertising Developers Jobs Contact Us
Legal Information: Know Your Meme ® is a trademark of Cheezburger, Inc. By using this site, you are agreeing by the site's terms of use and privacy policy. © 2007-2015 Cheezburger, Inc.
Login Now!
Sign up Now!


text:
Interactive Seating Charts
Unfortunately, we do not currently have
a seating chart for Anfield.
AnfieldAnfield Road
Liverpool, UK
Upcoming Events
Apr 11
Sat 3:00 PM
May 2
Sat 3:00 PM
May 16
Sat 3:00 PM
About Seatgeek
We scour the web's major ticket sites and aggregate inventory into one place. Our Deal Score helps you identify the best ticket deals available for each event.Learn more about SeatGeek


text:
Pac-12 preview: Utah Utes eager to go bowling again
Jeffrey D. Allred, Deseret News
CULVER CITY, Calif. — It didn't take long for Utah coach Kyle Whittingham to address the issue. Shortly after taking the podium at Pac-12 media day, he acknowledged just how the Utes felt after going 5-7 last year and missing out on a bowl game for the first time in nearly a decade.
"It was foreign to us and we didn't like it at all," Whittingham said. "I got a bunch of texts during the bowl season (about) how disappointed they were not being there and how they didn't want that to happen again."
Hopefully, he added, the Utes will get their deficiencies corrected. He specifically pinpointed the throw game, red zone defense and a lack of takeaways as primary areas of concern.
"In a nutshell, that was our biggest issues, but we are excited this season. We feel we have improved ourselves in a lot of areas," said Whittingham, who then directed his remarks to the bigger picture of joining the BCS conference in 2011.
"Going to the Pac-12, we knew it was going to be a transition and a process and a work in progress, I guess you could say," he said. "I feel we've had two outstanding recruiting classes back to back. Hopefully, that will start to manifest this year. I've got to tell you, having the Pac-12 logo on our sleeves and the BCS conference affiliation, the vast majority of the guys we signed the last two classes we would not have had a chance at getting had we not been in that situation."
Whittingham added that everything has been ramped up. He noted that the Utes had just moved into their new football facility and a lot of good things are happening.
"We're excited to get the season underway and get on track and win ballgames like we're used to," Whittingham said.
OFFENSE: The hiring of co-offensive coordinator Dennis Erickson is expected to infuse some energy and a faster pace to an offensive scheme that struggled last season. Sophomore quarterback Travis Wilson saw action in all 12 games in 2012 and has talented targets like wide receivers Kenneth Scott and Dres Anderson, as well as tight end Jake Murphy, around him. Left tackle Jeremiah Poutasi is an All-America candidate.
DEFENSE: Graduation and an early departure to the NFL leave the Utes with a lack of experience at cornerback and defensive tackle. Seniors Trevor Reilly and Brian Blechen are skilled at multiple positions and could be called upon to use their versatility. So, too, could sophomore Jason Whittingham. Juniors Nate Orchard (formerly Fakahafua) and Eric Rowe are proven talents at defensive end and safety, respectively.
SPECIAL TEAMS: The Utes are looking for a few good men. Graduation took its toll with the loss of the team's primary kicker, punter and return specialist. The latter being All-American Reggie Dunn.
EXTRA POINTS: The Utes open camp Monday with heavy hearts following last week's death of incoming freshman Gaius Vaenuku in a rollover accident in New Mexico. His funeral was Saturday. ... All of Utah's nonconference opponents this season will be in-state foes — Utah State, Weber State and BYU. ... The Utes don't leave the state for a game until they face Arizona Oct. 19 in Tucson.
Email: email@example.com
Twitter: @DirkFacer
- Jazz knock off Thunder in emotional game with...
- BYU defense has 'a long ways to go'
- Former Jazz big man Enes Kanter goes off,...
- Utah State set to hire assistant Tim Duryea...
- Brad Rock: The unforgettable Hot Rod Hundley
- Photo gallery: BYU rugby blanks Utah State in...
- 5 things you may have missed at BYU...
- Dick Harmon: Nomadic hoops coach Tony Ingle...
- A not-so-Sweet 16 for the Runnin' Utes... 120
- Former Jazz big man Enes Kanter goes... 38
- Brad Rock: Utes shouldn't feel bad, in... 34
- Can Utes turn Sweet 16 dance into date... 28
- Utes went down swinging in Sweet 16... 24
- Photo gallery and video replay: BYU... 23
- BYU defense has 'a long ways to... 23
- Home games on the Sabbath: RSL... 22


text:
Fair Play for Rocker
Published: January 9, 2000
To the Sports Editor:
Where was the outrage and condemnation last fall when the fans in New York City screamed vulgar insults at John Rocker about his mother, while attacking him with small-size batteries? Rocker may not be politically correct, but he has as much right to freedom of speech as the trashy element that assailed and assaulted him.
Smyrna, Ga.


text:
You will be fine here. Nice and cozy small apartment independent with everything you need for a pleasent staying in Milan. Ideally located in Navigli neighbourhood, settled in a old building (early 1900), facing a nice, quiet and noiseles courtyard.
Space where guests can cook their own meals
Towels, bed sheets, soap, and toilet paper
Space where guests can cook their own meals
Towels, bed sheets, soap, and toilet paper
Central heating or a heater in the listing
In the building, free or for a fee
In the building, free or for a fee
Continuous access in the listing
Breakfast is provided.
The listing can accommodate a gathering of 25 or more attendees
Easy access to the building and listing for guests in wheelchairs
Private or Shared
Free, in the building or nearby
Posted emergency information and resources
The Space
Suitable for 2/4 people, enterely renwed in 2013 especially for short time rental, it consists of a studio apartment (50m2) on the first floor, with a bedroom at a second level. Sleeps 4 people, customusable heating.
Guest Access
Our special home made book with tips and our favourites for restaurants, pubs, groceries, enterteinments, cultural events and services in the neighbourhood.
Indipendent heating with room thermostate, programmed heating or manual.
Free wireless fast internet connection obviously available 24h/day.
Small terrestrial digital cable TV
Fully equipped with kitchen, fridge, freezer, microwave, washing machine, dishwasher, electric kettle, all pots and pans needed.
Living room with a double sofa bed
Bedroom with double bed of 160*200 cm (4 feet), providing ample space underneath for luggage and other objects. Additional bed available.
Bathroom with shower and endless hot water, soap and shampoo.
Blankets, sheets, linens, towels, toelet paper, in suitable doses to persons staying
Coffee, tea, oil, salt, spices, detergents and any basic alimentary needings provided
Walk-in closet, with space for hanging plus washing machine. An iron is also equipped.
Interaction with Guests
In the apartment there is a little guide to give ou some tips about restaurant, pubs, and nice place and intersting site in the neighbourhood, where to listen live music, services like supermarket, biological food, public transportation. We can also organize food delivery if you like to find food in the apartment or tipical italian food experience if you like to have a cooking lesson and a private dinner by a very good italian chef.
The Neighborhood
This apartment is located in the Navigli district, a picturesque area of town in which time seems to have stood still. The small houses on the both sides of the channels, with beautiful courtyards and stone galleries, make this district one of the most important touristic sites in town.
Moreover, the Magolfa apartment is an ideal home base for a walking tour of the city center or a visit to some of the city's oldest churches, such as St. Ambrose, Milan's patron saint (4th century church), San Lorenzo, built on top of the ruins of a Roman basilica, or St. Eustorgio, where relics of the Magi are kept.
The Navigli district is most famous for the large range of restaurants, pizzerias and trattorie that are located just about everywhere. At night, the neighborhood is in fact the hot spot for a considerable amount of people wanting to try out the latest thing as far as trendy bars go or newest typical trattorie.
The last Sunday of every month, this charming neighborhood houses one of the most prestigious antique markets and is definitely not to be missed!
Getting around
Within 250 meters you will find:
- the Porta Genova subway stop (Line 2)
- tram (phone number hidden)Bus 47, 59, 74
- Bike sharing parkingTaxi station
- Piazza del Duomo (Cathedral Square) is a mere 20 minutes walk away, and about 10 minutes by tram.
Other Things to Note
THERE IS A PARKING OPTION, just behind the apartment, in a public garage (with an additional cost of €10,00 p/day) payable in cash at the moment of your arrival.
- Check in and out timing relaxed if no other clients arriving the same day:
check in in between 3 pm and 8.00 pm.
Check out, please, before 12.00 am.
Dear guests,
we hope you'll feel at home and treat our home how you would like yours to be treated!
Just A FEW THINGS TO PAY ATTENTION TO:
- the families who live here are very nice and quite, please, don't shout in the courtyard and/or in the garden.
- *never* leave the bedrooms' windows open when you go out, even for a short time (to avoid substitution of the wooden floors in case of sudden rainfalls...).
- divide accurately the garbage into glass; plastic; organic; mixed non organic.
- Please, no parties in the garden.
- please make sure that the apartment is left *in good order*, as you got it.
- do not leave any perishable food in the fridge and throw away all the garbage.
Paolo was an amazing host!
When we contacted him the week before our trip, he responded us preparing our arrival and sending a clear guide explaining how to reach the apartment from the airport. Once we arrived at Milano, he was waiting for us at the street. Nicely he welcomed us with a bottle of wine and explained how worked everything at the Magolfa apartment. But not being enough, he gave us a restaurant guide of the district (made by himself!) and recommended us his own preferred places to eat and drink.
Talking about the apartment, have to say it is exactly how it is shown at the pictures. Nice and cosy, perfect for 4 people, we were 5 and had no problems at all. Its is based at the Navigli district, for sure the most beautiful district in Milano, with its restaurants and bars at booths sides of the canal.
So if you are thinking in spending some time in Milano, I would definitely to stay at Paolo's apartment in Navigli. You will enjoy it for sure and Paolo will host you like no other. Thank you Paolo, gracias Paolo!
It was a pleasure staying at the Magolfa apartment. It is perfectly located - close to the heart of navigli, near the subway, yet on a very quaint and charming street. The apartment was clean, cozy, a great place to relax. Paolo offered us a lot of useful information about the neighborhood. Would definitely recommend this to couples and small families traveling to Milan!
Great place, conveniently located in the middle of the naviglio district! Highly recommend it to anyone visiting Milan!
We loved Paolo's place in the Navigli district. Very we'll equipped kitchen, comfortable, clean space. Close to cafés and city center. Paolo was very helpful with area suggestions and printing our boarding passes. Highly recommend this place for anyone traveling to Milan.
We greatly enjoyed Paolo's apartment. Tremendous location, well equipped, and comfortable. Paolo was a gracious and helpful host. Navigli is a great neighborhood; we would definitely stay there again. Rob
I did not have the pleasure to meet Paolo, but from our contact he seems to be a great person. When we arrived at the apartment, a wonderful cool white wine was waiting in the fridge. The apartment itself has all you need, including hairdryer, towels - it is wonderful to also feel like at home immediately. The kitchen is fully equipped with all you need o cook for yourself (spices,coffee, etc...). The location itself is great, the beds and sofa are comfortable. Paolo even designed a booklet with all important informations that you need for a stay. To make it short: Highly recommendable. We only stayed two nights there, but we'd choose this apartment again!
Thank you Paolo for a wonderful stay. Great neighbourhood, comfortable beds and we loved your restaurant suggestions. Highly recommended. Worked well for a family of 5.
This host has 56 reviews for other properties.View Other Reviews
I'm Paolo, I would like you to know a couple of things about me.
First: I'd love to give you any kind of tips and information about my neighbourhood so, please. during check in's, ask me whatever you'd like to know.
Second: I recently went to hear the concert of Sharon Jones and the Dap Kings. So far one of the most beautiful concert ever. Ok, I would spend hours speaking with you about that kind of music but I have absolutely no idea about nice "outlets" here around. Sorry, I hate shopping ;-)
5 things I can't stand without?
Francesca, music, Inter football club, good food and wine.


text:
Win a Trip to Meet Jason Aldean and Tour NASA in Houston
We have two backstage passes to meet Jason Aldean in Houston with your name on them.
We have two backstage passes to meet Jason Aldean in Houston with your name on them.
If you are coming to the show or were planning on buying tickets and coming out, we want to make sure you know all what's going down tonight so we want to try to answer all the questions you may have.
One of the hottest new artists in country music is coming to play a show for you as Jon Pardi will be making his Lafayette debut at The District on Johnston St on Thursday, August 28th.
The 78th Annual International Rice Festival in Crowley is scheduled for October 16-19 in downtown Crowley.
This Thursday night at The District in Lafayette, we proudly present Capitol Nashville recording artist Jon Pardi.
One of the greatest traditions in downtown Lafayette rolls on as the 2014 fall schedule of Downtown Alive! has been announced.
For the past couple of weeks you have had the opportunity to play our first ever "Social Scavenger Hunt" where you earn entries just by doing some very simple tasks like following us on Twitter or subscribing to our YouTube channel.
With the first week of school in the books for most of the kids, we bet you and the kids are looking for something fun to do this weekend. Well, you guys are in luck because the activities are plentiful.
As we get ready for Saturday night's big Tracy Lawrence concert at the Delcambre Shrimp Festival, I got to thinking about some of my favorite Tracy videos from his 20+ year career. The boy has had some hits and some pretty good music videos.
One of our favorite festivals is just around the corner -- the 2014 Delcambre Shrimp Festival!


text:
24 Valentine's Day Crafts for Kids: Lovely Kids Crafts Ideas and Projects
Bonus: Get our newsletter & special offers for free. We will not share or sell your email address. View our Privacy Policy
Valentine's Day Kids Crafts
Find the best Valentine's Day crafts for kids, including activities for kids to do for classroom card exchanges, decorations and presents for friends and family. These Valentines Day Kids Crafts are a fun way to involve the whole family.
Sort Results By:
What's Hot
- 24 Valentine's Day Crafts for Kids: Lovely Kids Craft Ideas and Projects free eBook
- 19 Best Valentine Crafts for Kids
- Printable Valentine Cards
- Chocolate Kiss Mouse Valentine Crafts for Kids
- Melted Crayon Heart Valentines
- Easy Valentine Photo Pins
- Valentine's Day Heart Tree
- Very Valentine Gumball Necklace
- Cute as a Button Valentine's Day Card
- Valentine's Day Painted Rock Magnets
Something worth saving?
- SAVE all your favorite crafts
- ADD personal notes
- QUICKLY reference your crafts
Free eBooks
- 12 Fabulous Picnic Craft Ideas + Restaurant Copycat Recipes
- 14 Toilet Paper Roll Craft Ideas
- 17 Flower Craft Ideas: How To Make Paper Flowers, Easy Fabric Flowers and More
- 18 Tie Dye Patterns for Shirts, Decor, & More
- 26 Spring Crafts for Kids
- Crafts for Mom: 30 Free Craft Projects for Mother's Day
- Easter Eggs: Easter Egg Designs, Tips for Perfect Hard Boiled Eggs, Egg Recipes
- Garden Crafts
- Graduation Crafts
- Hop into Spring: Easter Crafting and Recipe
Our Newest Projects & Articles
- 19 Fun and Easy Paper Crafts for Kids
- Ornamental Easter Eggs
- Knit Bow Tie Dog Collar Free Knitting Pattern
- Robyn Josephs
- Easter Bunny Canvas
- Little Bunny Easy Sewing Pattern
- Scottish Terrier Dog Crochet Amigurumi Pattern
- "The Best Blogger Craft Ideas 2015: Home Decor Ideas, DIY Jewelry, Easy Crochet Patterns and More" free eBook
- Silly Kids DIY Shoe Decoration
- Stenciled Chalkboard Happy Birthday Card


text:
This Guy is Clearly Going After Randall Cobb's Junk
Nov 5th
What's Going On With These Packers Fans?
Oct 16th
Chicago Bears Fan Season Timeline
Sep 13th
Packers Video Board Fail
Sep 11th
Stuff Chicago Bears Fans Say [Video]
Sep 11th
Chicago Bears Fan Stripper Pole Fail
Sep 11th
Evict the Bastards!
Aug 23rd
Best Custom Packers Jersey
Aug 18th
Best Custom Packers Jerseys? [Photo]
Aug 17th
Packers Are Peta Murgatroyd's Team [Photo]
Aug 15th
Civil War [Photo]
Aug 10th
Maybe A Little Overkill, Bro
Jul 11th
Se Ri Pak Rocks Packers Colors At U.S. Women's Open
Jul 7th
Football Flowchart [Photo]
Apr 20th
Green Bay Packers Tattoos [Photos]
Apr 13th
Packers Harley [Photos]
Apr 9th
Green Bay Packers Car
Apr 6th
Female NFL Fans [Photos]
Feb 23rd
Drunk Packers Fan Crying [Video]
Jan 17th
I Gave My Kids A Terrible Present, Chicago Bears Edition [Video]
Jan 5th


text:
Cold Springs, West Fork
The trail follows a creek through a narrow canyon, and enters a large semicircular valley (with a view of Tangerine Falls). The trail then diverges from the creek and climbs up to Gibraltar Road. 200 ...[more]
Take Cold Springs Road, turn right on Mountain Drive, go mile and park near the creek crossing (this is the East Fork trailhead). West fork of the Cold Springs trail takes off from The East Fork trail 1/2 mile from bottom trailhead near a wooden bench overlooking the creek.
Additional InformationCalifornia State Tourism>California State Road Conditions>
Weather InformationNational Weather Service (NOAA)


text:
Medication - I found a clear pill with a black or brown packed powder in my brothers ash tray. There was weed ash inside so I know he is using drugs.. Can anyone help me figure out what it was? It had no markings on it :-/
Medication - What is a clear capsule with black packed powder inside?
- Posted:
- 15 Dec 2012 by baldeaglewithhair
- Topics:
- medication
Answers (4)
15 Dec 2012
Hello baldeaglewithhair,
The FDA requires for the pills/caplets/capsules, etc. to have an imprint, prescription and non prescription.
Besides without the imprint it is impossible to identify pills/caplets/capsules online.
Your pill could be a vitamin, a diet/herbal/energy pill, or an illicit or foreign pill.
I suggest you take it to the pharmacy, perhaps they can help you.
Take care,
15 Dec 2012
Sounds like one of those very dangerous non regulated herbal compounds that claim to be T.H.C.
... some called K2 I believe... extremely dangerous if of the related.
Lost a friend that took something like that
In the U.S.,there are some drugs called "experimental" that the fda knows,about but can't regulate.
A fixture for disaster.
17 Dec 2012
It is either an herbal supplement or it could be an illegal drug packed into a capsule. Unfilled gel caps are available at places like GNC and other nutritional supplement stores and people will put illegal substances in them. They are actually meant for people who buy herbs in bulk so they can fill their own capsules but the illegal drug trade uses them. Dont bother taking it to a pharmacist, he wont know what it is either and it could be ANYTHING! Herbal medications, vitamins and supplements dont follow the same regulations that drugs do and they dont have to be marked (some are but many are not). All medications in the US, prescription and non prescription alike must have identifying markers-either numbers, letters or both and sometimes manufacturer logos that identify them. Supplements do not have to be marked so it makes them difficult to ID. I would just dispose of it.
Put it in a waterproof container, mix it with a bit of water to dissolve the capsule then mix the dissolved mixture with coffee grounds, kitty litter or something like and throw it in the trash.
Search for questions
Still looking for answers? Try searching for what you seek or ask your own question.
Similar questions
Oxycodone - I have a clear capsule with a white powder substance inside. My friend told me it was a?
... 30 mg.?
7 answers • 22 Jun 2012
What form of medication is inside the capsule of gabapentin?
is it granular or powder
1 answer • 3 Aug 2013
I have a gabapentin and it is a capsule. I need to know what Is on the inside of the capsule? Is it?
... white shining powder or something eles?
1 answer • 12 Nov 2013
Why some vyvanse capsules have diffirent amount of powder in them?
I have been taking this medication for several years vyvanse 50 mill, capsules. the last time I got them I notished that the amount of powder content ...
1 answer • 14 Aug 2014
Blue and White capsule with c401 on it?
White powder substance on inside
0 answers • 9 Mar 2015