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|The Rockies have lost eight straight at AT&T Park.
The Rockies put up five runs in the 2nd inning of Tuesday night's game against Tim Lincecum and the defending World Champion San Francisco Giants. That isn't a typo. The Rockies, who in year's past have scored five runs in an entire three game series at AT&T Park, were well on their way to a victory.
That victory was snatched away from them as they played a game that was all too reminiscent of a team that lost 98 games a year ago. With a 6-2 lead, the Rockies pitchers walked hitters, their defense failed to turn routine double play balls, and their manager made questionable late-inning decisions.
The result was a 9-6 loss, extending the Rockies San Francisco misery, making it eight straight contests they have lost by the bay.
Lincecum essentially gifted a victory to the Rockies. He started the top of the 2nd inning by walking Troy Tulowitzki. Michael Cuddyer reached when Marco Scutaro tried to get a double play and threw the ball into the outfield, allowing Tulo to move to third base. After Todd Helton dinked a ball far enough up the third base line to score Tulowitzki, Wilin Rosario walked, then Chris Nelson struck out to bring up Rockies starting pitcher Juan Nicasio with two outs. Dexter Fowler stepped to the plate and ripped the first pitch to left field to score two runs. Rutledge followed with a single up the middle, and the route was on--or so it seemed.
If one thing is certain about the Giants, especially in San Francisco, is that they will fight back into almost any ball game. They did that on Tuesday night. The problem was, Nicasio wasn't able to put his foot down. He immediately gave a run back in the bottom of the 2nd inning, then with the pitch count elevating, walked the first two batters in the bottom of the 6th inning. At that point, new Rockies manager Walt Weiss had seen enough. Adam Ottavino relieved Nicasio and immediately gave up a three-run opposite field home run to Brandon Crawford, putting the Giants squarely back into the game.
The bottom of the 6th inning quickly unraveled and the Rockies were in trouble. The issue with the inning was what happened before it. In the top of the inning, Nicasio came to the plate with two outs and a runner at second base. The Rockies were up by four runs, but the fact is, Nicasio was near the end of his night. Instead of making the switch and using a pinch hitter to potentially knock in the run at second base, Weiss elected to have Nicasio hit for himself and ended up leaving the runner on base.
The reality is, Nicasio should have been tapped on the shoulder and told to head back to the dugout. There was no reason to try and extend him when his pitch count was high and he was struggling with command. An insurance run in that situation could have finished off the Giants and allowed the relievers to put it in cruise control with a five run lead.
There were plenty of mistakes made by almost everyone involved in the game. Weiss made mistakes, Nicasio made mistakes, the defense made mistakes and the bullpen made mistakes. That is what happens when a team has a four-run lead and losses by three runs.
The reality is, Rockies fans have to expect a few games like this throughout the 2013 season. The first week gave fans a shot in the arm and probably made many believe that the team was far better than they actually are. The reality is, the Rockies starting pitching is suspect. They have talent, but it is unrefined. They have a long way to go in order to be Major League ready. For a guy like Nicasio, he is learning on the job, and that is going to take time.
It is no surprise that the pitching is going to be an issue. That means that leads will often be blown. Teams that seem to be out of the game will crawl back into them because the Rockies starter isn't pounding the strike zone, and isn't challenging hitters. It is going to happen, Rockies fans need to expect it.
It would have been nice for the Rockies to steal a game in San Francisco, and then give themselves a chance to win the series in an afternoon game on Wednesday. However, it didn't happen. What Rockies fans need to look for is how this team bounces back from a tough loss. In 2012, the day game after a tough loss would usually result in a lackluster effort the next day. Wednesday will be a good test for the Rockies. It will be a good chance to see if they come out and play hard, or if they are simply eager to hop on the plane and head to San Diego for an off-day.
The Rockies didn't break through on Tuesday night, but they have a chance to do that against Barry Zito on Wednesday afternoon.
Follow me on Twitter @RockiesReview. Like me on Facebook, search "Rockies Review"


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Posted December 29, 2012
And that was later retracted, with the keys being usable again. Not sure if that was because the specific games would return with a different publisher or if this is the normal behaviour, but as I recall, gift codes should work normally.
What would happen to gift keys, if we bought a couple now ?
Telika: Possibly copyright issues with the XIII franchise. Too bad, because the game is way better than the comics.
What would happen to gift keys, if we bought a couple now ?
ShogunDarius: someone said that keys bought before de listing but used after de listing wont work, you'd have to get a refund or a game of similar value
Edit: link
Post edited December 29, 2012 by JMich


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Beggar's Chicken (Step-by-Step Eating Guide)
In China, there are many dishes where the name originated from a folklore, legend, or story. Beggar's Chicken (叫化鸡) is another dish with an interesting history. (Read my post about "Goubuli Baozi/Steamed Pork Buns" to learn about another legendary dish.)
Legend has it that a homeless, starving beggar had a chicken but didn't have a stove to prepare it. Desperate for food, he came up with an idea. He killed the chicken and covered it with mud and baked it with fire…
A Qing-dynasty Emperor (乾隆皇帝) passed by. Attracted by the aroma of the baked chicken, he stopped and dined with the beggar. The Emperor loved the "Beggar's Chicken" so much that it was added to the list of dishes served at the Imperial court. Hence, Beggar's Chicken is also called "富贵鸡" (literally "rich and noble chicken") in Beijing.
Beggar's chicken calls for a stuffed and marinated chicken, sealed tight with layers of lotus leaf, parchment paper/wax paper, and mud. This unique cooking technique produces the most tender, juicy, moist, and aromatic chicken that is bursting with intense flavors. The original taste of the chicken is perfectly retained and trapped inside the chicken. The bones just fall off the chicken after hours of baking, and the lotus leaf lends the signature mouthwatering "fragrance" to the chicken. Unattractive–and even bizarre!–in its appearance, beggar's chicken is a real Chinese delicacy that one should not miss out.
Click on the pictures above to view the step-by-step eating guide. Enjoy!
Made in China (Click on the link to read Travel + Leisure's review)
2008 Go List
Grand Hyatt Beijing
1 E. Changan Ave.
(86)10-8518-1234 ext.3608
- If you are in the San Francisco bay area, you can try Beggar's Chicken at my Malaysian friend's restaurant "Betelnut Pejiu Wu." Call to reserve your bird.
- Other than Beggar's Chicken, "Made in China" is also famous for its Peking Duck.
Betelnut Pejiu Wu
2030 Union St
San Francisco, CA 94123
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23 comments... read them below or add one
I really enjoy your blog and appreciate the post about beggar's chicken. I live in Hangzhou where the dish originates (allegedly!) and it is definitely one of the best specialties in this area. I hope you can come try it in Hangzhou someday!
wah….it looks really tempting and thanks for sharing the interesting history of it!
I love the concept behind this dish. I currently am an exec sous at a pan asian restaurant. I love how many layers of food culture you find when you dig into the lore of food from China. Question: does your friend also cook the chicken with mud, or do they use something like clay or salt?
I love this dish! The meat is so tender and flavourful. Didn't know there's a story like this behind. Thanks for the info!
The falling off the bone texture sounds amazing. And, I'm curious about the flavor from lotus leaf. Must be delicious.
hey there~~glad to find a fellow Penangite foodie blog here~all ur recipes/food pix are making me feel so hunry hahaha..keep up the good work~~
Hi Jason,
we actually went through 6 months of trail & error before we got the recipe down, even then I'm still tweaking it.
When Cecilia Chiang asked me to help her with the Beggar's Chicken recipe for her book, "The Seventh Daughter", we started doing the research as I have never done it before. Her old chef from The Mandarin restaurant in San Francisco vaguely remembered that they used some form of clay. So we tooled around with salt dough, dough dough, salt + dough & nothing worked. Even the different types of clay, mind you that I have absolutely no clue about anything to do with pottery.
In September of 2008, I took a trip to Asia & during a dinner at Hutong in Hong Kong, I saw the dish on the menu & ordered it. It was wrapped in a mixture of clay & straw. It was presented tableside & the guest cracked the clay with a mallet & the dish was unwrapped & deboned in front of us. It was a stunning & memorable experience but alas the chicken was not that good, sad.
With that experience, I came back & revisited the pottery store & finally met John the owner of Leslie Ceramics in Berkeley. John is a master pottery guy & a foodie. I talked at length with him & he asked a lot of questions & finally recommended that I try out the EM 210 low fire clay. It is a non toxic clay that to this day works wonderfully for our application.
We prepare about 3-5 Beggars Chicken a nite & fire it according to how our reservation flows. It cooks for 1.5 hours at 350 degrees & when it's ready, we tell our servers to sell it. It is a very dramatic & aromatic experience. Our repeat guests will always ask for it when they make their reservations & we will reserve one for them.
Hope it helps.
Alexander Ong,
That is truly awesome! I have found only one thing that even comes close, and that is lamb that is cooked in a terra cotta clay pot. Thinking about this dish just makes my want to visit your restaurant just to order it.
What would an establishment charge for something like that?
Thank you for lightening up a cynic. Every once in a while, something comes along that makes my day. Reading this dish was it. Hard to concentrate on inventory. LOL.
Had tried beggar chicken in KL but have no chance to try it when I was in Beijing. I love Peking duck. Will be heading to PEN tomorrow. ;)
Betelnut San Francisco?!?! I used to travel to SF a lot back in the days and this was 1 restaurant I couldn't miss. But I don't think they served this Beggar's chicken back then. I wonder how this beggar's chicken compared to the salt baked chicken back in Malaysia.
Definitely something that I can't prepare at home but I sure do want to try it. Maybe can ask your friend Ale Ong to prepare it for us at your place? hehe.
How come all the good restaurants are located in SF ya? Come to OC lah wei! :P
Is there a place near Wash.DC where it is served or can be ordered?
Beggar chicken is best in Hangzou. Try the restaurant Lo Wei Lo on the West Lake for excellent beggar chicken.
Pingback:Les Idées Jaunes » Blog Archive » Hong Kong ce soir - Les carnets de Mark Raison, consultant et facilitateur en créativité chez Yellow Ideas
i want this recipe,cant u send me the recipe
Pingback:five easy steps for delicious chicken – grits & chopsticks


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HOLLYWOOD, Fla. — Congresswoman Debbie Wasserman Schultz (D-FL) and world record holder and Paralympic swimmer, Mallory Weggemann, joined The Foundation for Advancing Alcohol Responsibility to bring Ask, Listen, Learn: Kids and Alcohol Don't Mix to students at Apollo Middle School today.
The Foundation for Advancing Alcohol Responsibility created an interactive, physical fitness activity that builds on the existing Ask, Listen, Learn program and encourages kids to "say 'YES' to a healthy lifestyle and 'NO' to underage drinking." The initiative is based on research by Harvard Medical School's Dr. John Ratey, showing that for a person's brain to function at its peak, the body needs to move. The interactive activity, as well as a supporting website, encourages kids to live a healthy lifestyle. The website also provides parents with information and strategies to help jumpstart the conversation about the dangers of underage drinking.
"It's important that kids understand that the choices they make today—good and bad—will have a lasting impact on their lives," said Congresswoman Debbie Wasserman Schultz. "It was important to me as a mom and a member of Congress to see first-hand the creative work the Ask, Listen, Learn team is doing to engage children in the sometimes challenging discussion about the benefits of a healthy lifestyle and the hazards of underage drinking."
Shannon Adams of The Foundation for Advancing Alcohol Responsibility added, "According to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, nearly 16 percent of 12- to 14- year olds report that they have consumed alcohol in the past month. Our Ask, Listen, Learn program has the potential to further reduce these numbers, as half (49 percent) of young teens have said that alcohol education has made a difference in the decisions they make regarding alcohol."
"We are thrilled The Foundation for Advancing Alcohol Responsibility was able to bring their Ask, Listen, Learn program to Apollo Middle School. Talking about the dangers of underage drinking with our youth is incredibly important and I have a feeling after today's event our students will be asking to play the interactive activity a lot. I believe the more enthusiasm we can build around this important issue – saying 'no' to underage drinking – the smarter choices our students will make," said Principal Shawn Aycock.
Developed more than six years ago, Ask, Listen, Learn has already reached millions of parents, kids, and teachers around the country. Ask, Listen, Learn's new initiatives include:
Asklistenlearn.com encourages kids to "say 'YES' to a healthy lifestyle and 'NO' to underage drinking" by offering kids interactive and educational games and videos.
- Any kid can become a member of the Ask, Listen, Learn Team by taking a pledge to make healthy choices.
- Ask, Listen, Learn utilizes role models such as Speed Skater Apolo Anton Ohno and professional track stars Tyson Gay and Bryan Clay, professional swimmers Rebecca Soni and Mallory Weggemann, and Taekwondo phenomenon Steven Lopez as "SuperStars." Ask, Listen, Learn Team members will be encouraged to read Questions and Answers from SuperStars to learn how elite athletes dealt with peer pressure as they were growing up. SuperStars will encourage kids to make responsible decisions and live a healthy lifestyle.
- Ask, Listen, Learn reaches teachers across the country with a supplement in Scholastic where teachers may find information about the program and how to incorporate it into their lesson plans, kids can tear out posters, and can play educational games to learn about living a healthy lifestyle and saying no to underage drinking.
About The Foundation for Advancing Alcohol Responsibility
The Foundation for Advancing Alcohol Responsibility, is a national not-for-profit leader in the fight to eliminate drunk driving and underage drinking and is funded by the following distillers: Bacardi U.S.A., Inc.; Beam, Inc.; Brown-Forman; Constellation Brands, Inc.; DIAGEO; Hood River Distillers, Inc.; and Pernod Ricard USA. Headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, The Foundation for Advancing Alcohol Responsibility promotes responsible decision making regarding beverage alcohol and develops and implements innovative programs and public awareness campaigns which ignite action through strategic partnerships. Established in 1991, The Foundation for Advancing Alcohol Responsibility's initiatives are highlighted on its website at www.responsibility.org and www.asklistenlearn.org.


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The Music Department's Bachelor of Arts Program, accredited with
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Working closely with other departments in the University's nationally
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a wealth of musical opportunities for students of any major.
We strive to offer a diverse undergraduate program that enables
students to grow as musicians. Our uniquely designed curriculum
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The department accommodates the contemporary student who is seeking
an understanding of music as part of a fundamental cultural education
and the student who seeks a career as a professional musician, a
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supportive "one-on-one" environment designed to enable students
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The degree program is divided into a menu of five "tracks." The
tracks include Music Education, Vocal Performance, Instrumental
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Department of Music has recently received accreditation from the
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Classic Accessories Class A RV Cover PolyPro 1
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The Polypro1 Class A RV cover provides the perfect blend of protection, strength and value. Designed for Class A RVs up to 122 inches in height, the Polypro1 breathable fabric repels water and prevents mildew. This strong cover protects your RV from dirt, leaves, scratches, bird droppings, and moderate weather. Fitting the cover is easy! Elasticized bottom corners provide a fast and custom fit. Storage bag and tie down ropes are included, and this cover is backed by a two year warranty.
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Mr. Heater's Portable Buddy radiant heater provides safe heat for chilly garages, tents, patios, porches, cabins, fishing shanties, truck caps, barns — anywhere you want to stay warm. The Buddy may also be used inside your home, in case of a power outage. Certified by CSA International (American Gas Association), Mr. Heater's Portable Buddy heater […][Read More]
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Our multidisciplinary team of sports medicine professionals provide injured athletes with a physician-directed program of treatment, rehabilitation and conditioning. We offer the state's largest group of fellowship-trained sports medicine physicians.
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|Regions:Dover/Somersworth -Portsmouth -Rochester -Southern Maine
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Quick goal sinks Wildcats
Saturday, January 26, 2013
NORTH ANDOVER, Mass. — The University of New Hampshire hockey team has been a third-period team most of the season.
Wyer, a junior, was making his first start of the season and second of his career in place of sophomore Casey DeSmith, who was pulled in two of the previous three games.
The clubs were deadlocked 2-2 at the end of two periods. Down 1-0, the Wildcats scored twice on goals by Knodel and Casey Thrush to take a 2-1 lead.
"They came right back and answered our second goal," Umile said. "Collins scored a great goal from the short side up over Jeff's shoulder."
Goalies: NH-Wyer (32 saves on 35 shots); M-Marotta (29 saves on 31 shots).


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Bruce Springsteen Tribute To Feature Elton John, Sting, & Neil Young
Friday, January 4, 2013
Bruce Springsteen will be honored as the 2013 MusiCares Person of the Year on February 8th in Los Angeles. Among the legendary presenters and performers set to appear at the Los Angeles Convention Center, West Hall will be Elton John, Neil Young, Jackson Browne, Mavis Staples, Sting, Emmylou Harris, Eddie Vedder, Alabama Shakes, Kenny Chesney, Ben Harper, Faith Hill, Jim James, Juanes, John Legend, Natalie Maines, Tim McGraw, Tom Morello, Mumford & Sons, with The Daily Show's Jon Stewart serving as the evening's host.
The MusiCares Person of the Year honor celebrates both Springsteen's "exceptional artistic achievements as well as his philanthropic work." Proceeds from the 23rd annual Person of the Year tribute provides essential support for MusiCares, which ensures that music people have a place to turn "in times of financial, medical, and personal need."
Longtime friend and bandmate Steve Van Zandt told us that in all of his travels he's never encountered an artist or performer even close to Bruce Springsteen: "He's an exception to almost any rule. Y'know, anybody that follows the pattern of his sort of career choices is doomed (laughs) to failure -- I promise you, okay? It's not like. . . He is completely unique in what he can pull off -- and you get used to that."
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- Circuit type Street
- Circuit Length 5.303kms
- Circuit Turns 16
- Circuit Direction Clockwise
- Capacity 80,000
- Established 1996
|First race
|Australian Grand Prix
|March 10, 1996
|Damon Hill (GBR)
|full results
|Last race
|Australian Grand Prix
|March 15, 2015
|Lewis Hamilton (GBR)
|full results
|Total races
The Albert Park circuit is a temporary track which is only used once a year to host the Australian Grand Prix - typically the opening round of the season.
The track made up of sections of the public road that circles the man-made Albert Park lake. The sections used were completely rebuilt in 1996 to ensure consistency and smoothness of the surface and, as a result, it is considered the smoothest of the road circuits currently in use.
Although fast, the track is thought of as to be easy to drive, although the flat terrain around the lake combined with the design means the circuit has very few proper straights making overtaking particularly hard.
Despite talks of a night race to make viewing easier for Europeans, a compromise was reached between the FIA and the race organisers and the 2009 race started at 5pm local time and proved a great success. As a result the contract was extended, meaning Albert Park will host the Australian Grand Prix until 2015.
In 2001 marshal Graham Beveridge died after being struck in the chest by a flying wheel. His death lead to the introduction of wheel tethers in F1.
Ecclestone keen for Melbourne stay (February 26, 2013)
On top down under (March 14, 2012)
Australian GP 'least viable' on calendar - Ecclestone (February 29, 2012)
Albert Park will not lose race (May 16, 2011)
- 'Australia as important as Monaco' - Ecclestone (March 16, 2011)
March 29, 2009
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|Inauguration of new Director commemorated at Pan American Health Organization Jamaica
|Monday, 11 February 2013 11:21
1 February 2013 | KINGSTON/JAMAICA
On the morning of January 31, 2013 dignitaries from Government, Embassies and Consulates, Universities and United Nations agencies gathered at the local office of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) to virtually attend the inauguration of Dr. Carissa Etienne as the 10th Director of PAHO and Regional Director for the Americas of the World Health Organization.
Dr. Jean Dixon, Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Health in her opening remarks stated that, "Dr. Etienne was recommended to assist Jamaica with our thrust to strengthen primary health care.We truly have a team member on board and someone who fully understands what it will take to achieve the goals we have set ourselves". Minister of Health Dr. Fenton Ferguson attended the event in person at the Washington D.C. PAHO headquarters.
Dr. Etienne, a native of the Commonwealth of Dominica, was elected by PAHO member states on September 19, 2012. She will begin her 5 year term on February 1, 2013. Previously, Dr. Etienne served as Assistant Director-General for Health Systems and Services at WHO in Geneva, Switzerland and as Assistant Director of PAHO.
During her tenures at WHO and PAHO, Dr. Etienne led the efforts to renew primary health care and to strengthen health systems based on primary health care, promoting integration and improved functioning of health systems. She has also spearheaded policy directions for reducing health inequalities and advancing health for all through universal coverage, people-centered care, the integration of health into broader public policies, and inclusive and participatory health leadership.
Ms. Margareta Sköld, PAHO/WHO Representative for Jamaica, Bermuda and the Cayman islands called on all partners "to continue to accompany and support PAHO/WHO, which remains uniquely positioned to provide global public health leadership. The continued and creative forging of new alliances for public health, with international, national, nongovernmental, private and community-based actors is critical to better address global, regional and country health needs."
PAHO was founded in 1902 and is the world's oldest international public health agency. It celebrated its 110th anniversary last December, 2012.


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The trains issue does not appear to have been considered.
Reader comments are listed below. Comments are currently closed and new comments are no longer being accepted.
The trains issue does not appear to have been considered.
Don't worry, Francisco Doratiotto's Book, Bloody War (Maldita Guerra) is now the main title about this War in Brazil. He is not a heart warmed Marxist and he entirely refutes Eduardo Galeano's and other theorists of the British imperialism theory.
Brazil even had its diplomatic relations cut with Britain back when it entered the war (due to other mildly less imperialistic British actions in Brazil, whith the Christie case I believe, but that's not the point).
TO HArveyTheHelicopter: I could not agree more with your comment and i am a brazilian citizen. Well, i am sick and tired of all of this garbage about Brazil´s dependency and this ignorance about our own country past. It´s just not fair to put the blame on others for our bad decisions,in the past or worst, in the present. For those who dare to question me just watch our politicians, entrepreneaurs and citizens behaviour to understand this blame was always our own.
I agree with you I belive that every country has their own government and sometimes they are not the better, for this reason their took bad decision, one of then was the war of the triple alliance and Pedro II was not an exception
People who insist in this position of British instigating the war either have their ideologies or sadly are just saying what teachers told them in school when they were children, these teachers themselves just repeated what their professors told them, the cycle goes on.
For me the war was unjust in the way it was conducted and for me, from everything of what I've read about it, the Empire's just went with full force until the last Paraguayan soldier because it wanted to fight for hegemony with Argentina in the Southern Cone.
It should also be pointed out that when the war began Brazil had cut off relations with the United Kingdom
Someone once said that the facts, even being interesting, are irrelevants. It´s another way to say that the version is more important than a fact.
As a brasilian who attended all the academic degrees (but not yet doctorate), I have to confess my total lack of knowledge about that war, of course not mentioning that disciplines contents written by our local historians, who emphasizes the heroism of some militar, like Caxias and others, who were there in charge of the defense of their country, as any other militar would do.
But I feel sorry when I read some facts about that war, specially the kids and children. Those are not mentioned here and several generations had passed away whithout even heard about that.
The Brasilians doesn´t know the whole history (does anyone knows by the way?) about the Paraguay war, and somethings are strange and contradictory in the official history. Another point of view is always welcome.
The are contradictions among the "oficials" versions of the history. If i can take what is "oficial" I can't bealieve in what the Paraguay say as well.
You made me dazed and confused
I feel that you got the point. Maybe the brasilians should know the Paraguay official version too, and go deep in what independent historians have to tell about. And see what is documented exhaustively. I became highly frustrated by the year 2005 when I first had heard about "El dia de los niños" (The kids day. The person who told me this, also said about a road, a street in Paraguay, which starts in a city located in Rio GRande do Sul State(Please British Economist Editors - don´t be offended but the tranlation could be Big River from south, filled with kilometers of crosses, indicating the thousands of paraguayan deaths. I was teaching something about MERCOSUR (every time I teach this issue I think I am in a stand up...) and told to the ladies in my class, that Paraguay was re-built by the women after the war. And when I told them about the massacre of the kids they were shocked, specially the mothers and fathers who was there studying Business at the University. It was when I realized that the Brasilian doesn´t has a more complete information. I will not jeopardize anyway our military heroes. As I said before, they were there as any other militar should be, in name of defense their country. By the way, do you heard who was Chico do Diabo (Devil´s FRancis) and what was his role in the ending of that war?
When I walk on paraguayan cities today all I see is poverty everywhere. I don't see another reason to it, as a consequence of the slaughter brought into the country whether by its crazy presidente, or the armies they harassed. I read that almos 90% of men were killed during the war and over 60% of entire population died. It would take several years to recover from a bump like that. I do feel sorry for them. as a brazilian fella, I kinda feel myself responsible for that situation. No one alive today is really directly responsible for what happened. But i do feel we could do something about that. It is really sad to see an entire country left to his own fate.
I never went to Paraguay, except an afternoon in Puerto Stroessner 30 years ago. So I cannot say much more about.
Anyway I agree with you and maybe there are some initiatives here in Brasil towards that, once there are some MERCOSUR programs and policies, among others, refers to the amount of Brasilian companies (no so much but at least some...) which are investing there, not mentioning their eletricity extremely cheaper (free?) than ours.
I worked for a Brasilian big bank which had a bank in Paraguay and other in Argentina (Chile, Uruguai, Portugal...). It was interesting to watch the personal deposits over rotative credit at the customer´s portfolio. Once Paraguai was 1 to 1, Argentina was 1 to 5! Of course that Paraguai population in not "bankarised" (sorry dear editor´s... I don´t know how to translate but I mean the population which use bank services) as the Argentines.
Within these America Latina countries is easy to see that economic concentration is yelling louder in some countries than in others. And in Paraguay the economic concentration is extremely severe. Combined with populist politics, the rest is what you see there...
D.R., it is nice of you to explain why you did not consider the "British puppeteer" explanation for this war, but you really did not have to. The so-called "theory" of dependency has no credibility outside some crusty old-guard, stalinist, left wing academic circles. It is yet another tool of fabricated victimization - you know, the fault, everyone, "is not in ourselves, but in our stars".
No elaborate explanation is needed for that conflict. A misinformed, irresponssible dictator decided to invade not one, but two much larger, much stronger and better armed neighbors in a time when nations exercised a lot less restraint in armed conflicts. Of course, he was pulverized...
Yes!!!! At last a fair peasron. My gran gran gran gran Dad made a mistake. Why boder with a long time genocide?
People waste to much time talking about a stupid little contry. Brazil is bigger than UK now and thats gives the right to be always right. Even If we are left but clear yet IF left of the entrance or left from the exit.
The rest is water under the bridge and arrogance of the english people.
Just wait to see miss Rouself paying a visit to the Queen and demanding to her give back las malvinas. Is not fair You keep ait with all the sheeps with the argentinian people are starving because Cristina
As a Latin American myself I can tell better than you all about what has happened in Latin America over hundreds of years of pure exploration, by the way, you don´t live here naive English person (it doesn´t apply to all, evidently). You might feel comfortable to say that the problem is of the Latin Americans who are not capable enough to overcome crises like Germans are when you´re sitting somewhere on a chair in England. If you have ever been to a slum in Central-South America, ever visited big cities in Latin America and so on and so forth I truly believe you would change your nationalist discourse if you have a minimum capacity of looking at things without your comfortable nationalistic sunglasses. I am not confident about the influence of England in this war conflict, but please, stop being cynic and pointing Latin Americans as incompetent and making their own damn fate by their own. Europeans have had a lot of influence on the economy and politics of Latin American countries. In Brazil, especially Portugal and its economical and military partner England have made loads of decisions that critically influenced the future of the industrialization in the country. But I blame more the Portuguese institutions and the bureaucracy and corruption they left behind here. See, I am not blaming English people or Portuguese people directly, though at some extant indirectly, but the past institutions and exploitive manners they addressed issues in Latin America. I am not sure we would have done differently in your positions, we are all humans after all, but it is a fact, don´t try to ignore it because that attitude of denial is just lame. By the way, Germany has been devastated by world wars, but its history is far different from the Latin American one. We (Latin Americans) started our history already absolutely controlled and deployed of infra-structure and educational conditions. We were just the place to give, not to be given. We were controlled and explored; when Germany was devastated it remained loads of well trained people to do the work of reconstruction of the country. When independence happened in Brazil for example, we were a nation where the stupid, insecure and fat king had just left to Europe with all the money we could bring with him and his useless cortege.
Yes, the Brazilian Bank was left behind without anything but debt (in all this process the English government was involved). There are several other things I could say here, but I just want to open your eyes that it is not exactly the time to blame someone indeed, although we Latin American could do that, and we do, without any shame for us. We do have a plenty of reasons for that. But anyway, time has come when Latin American societies are gradually become mature (truly independent) now that we can walk by our own legs in many senses and ways. Becoming an economy bigger than the English one is just the start, if you come to Brazil you will see what the countries is doing. We are not perfect, far of that actually, for many reasons not only imperialism and colonialism, but all the structure it left behind and rooted in the society. It will be one day soon when nationalist English people or elsewhere will bite their own tongue when talking about Latin America capacity, just look now at your economy. I gave myself coins to people on your streets and we even had to explore you country, but what would we explore there anyway? Wait, we do, education financed by a society that could get information while others were being killed to ensure that. I am sorry, I myself sounded nationalist here, but it is just that some of the comments down here were far out of the line.
The problem with linking your woes to the UK, is that there is nothing to back them up.
While commercially the UK made inroads to the southern Americas, the ONLY place that was 'settled' was the uninhabited Falklands, the UK not getting into the affairs of 'latins'.
The wolves (your former masters) were at our gates, and you would not have had any chance of independence if the UK had not won the wars in Europe at that time.
So while you go about feeling sorry for yourself, remember that you were unimportant other than as trading partners. Your mistakes have nothing to do with the UK, the only hand the UK played was in trade.
So, after your rant, what about your thoughts about the War of the Triple Alliance? You know, what this and the previous article is all about.
"If you have ever been to a slum in Central-South America, ever visited big cities in Latin America and so on and so forth I truly believe you would change your nationalist discourse if you have a minimum capacity of looking at things without your comfortable nationalistic sunglasses."
I live and teach in a favela in Rio de Janeiro.
I read the articles and didn't see much in the way of nationalism. However, when I look at the comments sections of Economist articles about Brazil I am staggered by the level of belicose nationalism, bordering on xenophobia, on the part of Brazilian commenters. Whatever the subject inevitably there will always be a plethora of off-topic rants against the evil capitalist colonials who are responsible for.. well... everything bad (your comment is a classic in the genre)
Please also note that the Portuguese verb "explorar" translates as "to exploit" in English, and not "to explore". You make it sound like the Portuguese were just looking around for 400 years!
As I was read through your comment, I was pitying your obvious inferiority complex. You feel you and your fellow Latin Americans are not on equal footing with the Europeans. Only when your economy is 'bigger' than us will we bite our tongue. You even gave money to people on British streets! Oh my what a sign of grandeur!
what is rant????
Have You been to Duque de Caxias? What does nacionalism means to You? How It can be good or bad? What do You tech in the favela? wich do you think is the right favela or counidade?
I have been in the slums of the central america-south too. What I've learned was that as deep ypu cpme to south the coke becames worst
Oh dear.
Please don't aplogise your nactionalism. You are a braziliqa and so is God. Let them waste their time trying to bring us to senses. They don't know how to party like us or even have our creativity. They don't have jeitinho like us. They can't applie creativity in anything not even the governamnt account books.
What they have is a rationalism wich leads them to a black and whote world where every little thing os based in facts. We are bigger in GPD and a lot of other numbers. We will spend 3 times more money in the aolympic games, sleep wih that dumb english. The pnly things they have more than us is buying power and ratio income.
We are bigger dumb brits
I see your point but there's an explanation. Because The Economist is The Economist, every article that mentions Brazil is replicated, and often distorted, by national press vehicles and internet portals. This means a lot of Brazilians (we're many many million...), outraged by a single article or by its misrepresentation in the Brazilian press, come straight here with the intention of having their voices heard. They are not used to being heard for their arguments - they are used to labelling and being labelled. The arguments of commentators, as elsewhere the arguments of journalists, are perceived as just a cover for what the person is 'really up to'.
Then there is the obvious issue of a plainly bad educational system. But the system is that way because the people at the top cannot approach issues objectively, but just keep on shouting their pre-conceived slogans believing that it is all a matter of a dispute for the hearts and minds of others. Witness the various attempts to shut out crises (and currently, e.g. in Argentina, inflation) simply by outtalking them.
I like to believe the TE comments section educates us all to think a bit differently. History, like economics, is not a matter of belief. But it's hard for this message to reach home when all you've learned in life is that facts do depend on viewpoint. Cheers from a BRExpat.
If the article was excellent, and it was, this comment, on its very narrow field is even better.
After all applying cui bono and limited resources management theories, what had Britain to benefit from being involved in Paraguay?
We all know that at that time Britain was the most powerful empire that probably ever existed, but Empires don't like to waste their energies on high cost/benefit ratio conflicts
From memory Britain had just been in last twenty years or so through the Indian mutiny, the Crimean war, the some half a dozen Xhosa wars, Opium war and a lot of other conflicts that don't come to my mind just now, mostly in Europe, Africa, Asia, New Zealand wars and what not.
Did Rome ever bother with sub Saharian conflicts? The didn't even know sub Sahara existed.
England knew Paraguay existed but did or could she care?
I enjoyed your well researched reply.
Britain the most powerful empire that ever existed? Hold your horses there!!
To Liberal Paternalist on the British Empire
What I wrote was:We all know that at that time Britain was the most powerful empire that probably ever existed.
But I'll hold me horses gladly.
Unlike Schumpeter - who claimed he was the best economist,lover, and horseman in Vienna - I hardly can mount a horse.
In Vienna or elsewhere.
Empires regularly end up wasting their energy on high cost/benefit ratio conflicts. At some point in their expansion they start to believe in an inherent cultural superiority which tends to fuel a vicious kind of foolishness. Britain had certainly reached that stage at the time of the triple alliance.
everybody knows that is Brazil or will be in the future
to moreoveragain who wrote
Empires regularly end up wasting their energy on high cost/benefit ratio conflicts. At some point in their expansion they start to believe in an inherent cultural superiority which tends to fuel a vicious kind of foolishness. Britain had certainly reached that stage at the time of the triple alliance.
I fully agree with your theory. It's the essence of Toynbee's teachings.
As for Britain having reached that stage in 1860/1870, you may well be right, but I don't think it came into force until the end of WW1.
It was already clear during WW2, lasted for a good while during the Cold War and unfortunately it still persists in large part of the population.
That's always the danger of the first decadence; people don't realize they no longer have the power they used to have until it is very late.
Other empires that had more than one decadence adapt much more realistically to second or third trough.
and the sound of a verbal smack across the chops was heard across the pages... Well done!
Victimization is a specialty of countries with a mediocre mentality: few countries have been as screwed by Britain and France as Germany, and yet the Germans now surpass the French and Brits in almost any economic standard. How come Latin Americans still resort to scapegoating old colonial powers to justify their poverty? Perhaps because they can't assume even part of the guilt.
Sorry, my brother but you were very infelicitous by making a coment like this. Latin Americans don't use old colonial powers to justify our poverty. And we do assume our part of the guilt. I don't know how guilty Britain is in Paraguay's war, but the fact is: what happened in the past still remains in the present and affects the future. The way Latin American countries were colonized (and many other countries away of America) affected their development and it is one of the reasons for L.A. problems. We can see how other countries got over marks of a war and we try to learn. Maybe, for our people's fault, we still haven't surpassed some problems. But It wouldn't be that hard if "old colonial powers" hadn't put their hand over our heads. It's like breaking someone's leg, go away and say: I'm not impeding you from getting up, so I'm not guilty if you're down. Let's just be realistic: We could be better countries If our governments wanted so...but our development were delayed by also for our "patrons" of the past.
Sorry, my brother but you were very infelicitous by making a coment like this. Latin Americans don't use old colonial powers to justify our poverty. And we do assume our part of the guilt. I don't know how guilty Britain is in Paraguay's war, but the fact is: what happened in the past still remains in the present and affects the future. The way Latin American countries were colonized (and many other countries away of America) affected their development and it is one of the reasons for L.A. problems. We can see how other countries got over marks of a war and we try to learn. Maybe, for our people's fault, we still haven't surpassed some problems. But It wouldn't be that hard if "old colonial powers" hadn't put their hand over our heads. It's like breaking someone's leg, go away and say: I'm not impeding you from getting up, so I'm not guilty if you're down. Let's just be realistic: We could be better countries If our governments wanted so...but our development were delayed by also for our "patrons" of the past.
Ok Leo but you can't denny we (Brazilians) always play the victim. Just read LippyB's comments above. He or she never even read the article. We are born with this knee jerk defensive excuses that we have to spill out, kind of just like you did
@ Leo.
You are aware that the US was colonized to, right? And that its bettered them in many, many measurable ways since then, depsite their apparant attempts at subterfuge.
Yes, Im aware that the US gained its independance long before many but within the same time scale it was comprable in many qualities to European states.
The perpetuation of social and economic problems for decades and in some cases now almost two centuries on how their country was 'left' is laughable at this point.
We blame the elites and everyone that is not us. The right wing mades us dumb and thats why we blame them. If wasn't for the right our comments would be much smarter them thoses
Oh! We also blame the Peruvian goalkeeper and for your information We are the moral champions of the 1978 World Cup
I'm not denying that 19th century imperialism dealt an unfair hand to Latin America, but to use it as a perpetual excuse to justify the region's dismal results since independence reveals its incapacity to admit its responsibilities. Latin Americans also have a part to play in their own destinies you know.
Latin America's scapegoating of Gringos for ALL its problems is a sure sign of political and social immaturity in facing its own future. I may be dead wrong, but scapegoating NEVER, EVER solved ONE PROBLEM anywhere for anybody. This is true EVEN IF there had been outside villainy in the past. In this case, there is not even a shred of evidence of that but the scapegoating goes on and on and Paraguay just misses the 21st century as it blew off the 20th.
Said the rapist to the victim, "looking for scapegoats has never solved anything."
To put it mildly: your comment is asinine and shamelessly exploitative of RAPE victims!! You are a victimization junkie!
First of all... I have no idea what influence England did or did not have in Paraguay, or any of the said counties. Given that it was the world power at the time, I can hardly expect that influence to have been nothing.
In general though, latin america has suffered greatly at the hands of foreign powers, usually the United States. To believe otherwise is mostly an exercise in comforting appologistic onanism - that is to say, an exercise in crafting fables that are as comforting to the teller as the so-called victimization complex ought to be to the victims.
One thing that really changed my mind about this was US syphilis experimentation on Guatemalans. Hardly treated as humans, the US generally feels that it can engage in policies that occasion needless and mindless mayhem with very little responsibility or reproach. People like yourself, with sanctimonious ideas of self-help, certainly help the trend.
I have no notion of Great Britain's involvement or lack thereof in the Tripple Alliance War. That involvement may have been very limited indeed. However the weight of history tends to skew my perception in the direction of a largely nefarious and exploitative presence of large, industrial empires in the general history of latin america. Pardon my skepticism of the sinlessness of power.
So your logic is that because a nation had bad relations/ acted poorely towards a nation in the past any and all accusations pertaining to the first nation cannot be completly dismissed by you, despite the apparant complete lack of evidence?
A sure sign of ideology, no less than than victimisation is a sign of mediocrity.
And just on the syphilis experimentation similiar experiments were carried out on US citizens at the time. In my native Ireland testing on orphan childern continued into the 70's, Im sure elsewhere to. Its not exactly a good example of the special victimization of Latin America for these reasons.
I'm no expert on Paraguayan history... but one notion that I absolutely must reject as false is that Argentina had no English influence. As time went on in Argentina, English business interests and even control over a great deal of Argentine infrastructure only increased. It is hard to believe there was little or no direct influence on government policy, in terms of peace and war.
Poor Argentines. They are always helpless victims. That means they are TOO WEAK to ever succeed! Lame excuse for a century of decline, defeat and decrepitude for one of the RICHEST countries on Earth!
'one notion that I absolutely must reject as false is that Argentina had no English influence'
Just as well the articles never make that claim then.
Good job on skipping the second paragraph, it was borring anyway.
Nowhere in Kushluk's comment is there a claim to victimization, it's only a statement of facts about British influence during that period.
If your intent was just to have a dig at Argentina, please feel free, the more you do pointlessly, the stupider you look.
The fact that your comment gathered so many recommends speaks volumes for the poverty of reasoning of a considerable section of the Economist readership.
Victimization is a huge ideological problem in Latin America and a REAL East Asian type BREAKTHROUGH into the 21st Century WILL NOT AND CANNOT BE MADE until it and the petty collectivism it supports is DISCREDITED, REPUDIATED BY THE POLITICAL CULTURE AND JUST BURIED! The alternative is destructive socialism or neo-fascism forever. Latin America NEVER had a truly Capitalist economy but semi-feudal Mercantalism which has kept growth and development slow or stagnant in most countries.
Ok, John, but I do not think that Latin America has a aspirational goal to make an Asian-type breakthrough... I think you are overly exited with the Asian model which has many disadvantages and shortcomings. You can have a look on Japanese society and problems... China is a miracle... ok... with its demons as well. Why you do not have a look on the happiness index to see how Asia is doing, them you can compare it with LATAM in broader terms... Capitalism is ok, but we humans need much more that MATERIALS GOODS!!! Not always more on that is better, something that capitalism ignores.
I agree that societal well being goes WAY BEYOND GDP per capita!!
But it STARTS THERE! Dire Material Poverty and penury literally impoverishes every other aspect of life. Wealth and success CANNOT be respected and even admired IF it is available to the VERY FEW as a result of POLITICAL PRIVILEGE rather than HARD WORK or AMAZING INNOVATION.
A just ECONOMIC CULTURE is the NECESSARY prerequisite to mass affluence and well being in ALL aspects of life. This is the ROOT teaching of Jude o-Christian culture and morality. First the masses have their loaves and fishes and THEN they will LISTEN and UNDERSTAND the Sermon on the MOUNT! Islam at its best also reflects this view.
I agree that societal well being goes WAY BEYOND GDP per capita!!
But it STARTS THERE! Dire Material Poverty and penury literally impoverishes every other aspect of life. Wealth and success CANNOT be respected and even admired IF it is available to the VERY FEW as a result of POLITICAL PRIVILEGE rather than HARD WORK or AMAZING INNOVATION.
A just ECONOMIC CULTURE is the NECESSARY prerequisite to mass affluence and well being in ALL aspects of life. This is the ROOT teaching of Jude o-Christian culture and morality. First the masses have their loaves and fishes and THEN they will LISTEN to and UNDERSTAND the Sermon on the MOUNT! Islam at its best also reflects this view.
If you want to be taken seriously stop SHOUTING you half wit.
Please. DON'T YOU DARE TAKE ME SERIOUSLY. EVER!!
Wether the British government was involved is a question, an interesting question maybe, but a problem? If ancient history is what shapes your today, you end up in Northern Ireland or the Balkans.
Some points that may help fill out this debate:
1. Lopez's army was largely initially equipped by the British manufacturer, Blyth Brothers from Limehouse, East London. Many British engineers (from Blyth) helped construct the industrial platform for the Paraguayan war economy including its munitions factory in Asuncion.
2. Barings bank did raise money in the London market on behalf of the Republic of Argentina between 1866 and 1868 for £2.5 million. There was little doubt that this loan was going to be used to finance the war with Paraguay.
3. A British government official leaked the secret triple alliance document which in turn led to a very public debate in Britain in Parliament and in the letters pages of The Times on the morality of the war and whether Britain ought to intervene to stop the war. The fact that it didn't intervene on Paraguay's side seems to have been interpreted by conspiracy theorists as equating to being a complicit partner with the triple alliance.
Another interesting point - British government papers about the Falklands war have just been released [30 years rule?].In only 3 of 3500 memos did it mention the fact that Thatcher considered attacking Argentina.However this "news" was given great prominence here [Brazil].Brazilian government papers about the Paraguayian war are still classified as "Top Secret" and to my knowledge have never been examined by historians.
If you have in your hands documents that somehow will incriminate your government, you probably will not want to disclose them... Alternatively, if they do not incriminate your government, but they will raise a lot of criticism that you do not want to hear, you will not disclose them either... It will be even harder to disclose them if they will inevitably lead you to accept the responsibility of acts that eventually will have consequences in current politics in the region...
I read your previous article and had my pieces of criticism, but not about this aspect. This thesis concerning Chiavenato's ideas over the war has long been demolished in the academic field (see authors like Amado Cervo and Doratioto), but it is still dominant at high school level. Congratulations on your article.
A common theme in developing countries is to claim victimhood at the hands of Western Imperialism in perpetuity regardless of how real or imagined it is. Frequently such notions are stoked by political leaders of said countries in order to divert attention away from their own ineptitude or corruption. The citizenry of such countries would be wise to become immediately skeptical anytime one seeks to divert their attention when on the topic of the nation's own shortcomings.
I blame our (the UK's) current problems on the Roman invasion in 43.
And the Norman invasion in 1066.
And the House of Orange invasion in 1688.
And the ....oops, I'd undoubtedly be non-PC and possibly liable to prosecution if I continued with more recent events :)
Don't forget the Angles, the Saxons, the Danes (and fellow Vikings), as well as frequent raids across your northern border (Gordon Brown included).
House of Orange invasion? You mean the Dutch Republic's invasion surely.
But that is an entirely other sensitive topic!
1688 was a Glorious Revolution, wasn't it?
I'm sure the Irish would say so.
No different from continental Africa.
Any act of genocide ignored, any accusation of grand theft or malevolent incompetence deflected, any debate stopped, any political enemy silenced - all by simply whimpering the word 'Empire'.
I am not sure that this blanket rebuttal has enough substance to convince anybody who is not simply prepared to accept it at face value. Rightly or wrongly, in my view rightly, Britain has a reputation as a mischievous string puller that continuous to the present days. The term "perfidious Albion" did not arise from a vacuum. Simply pointing out that critical historians are "leftist" won't do.
Except that you've completely ignored the note at the end of the article, specifically asking that anyone who makes those assertions should provide hard evidence. Also you imply that the writer is ignoring historians because they are 'leftist' when the writer is actually pointing out that those historians aren't providing much evidence to prove their claims.
To put it simply, either provide evidence* or all you're doing is repeating the same errors people made on the previous comment thread.
*Preferably in the form of verified documents from soldiers, merchants, politicians and bankers from the time period.
Except that you've completely ignored the note at the end of the article, specifically asking that anyone who makes those assertions should provide hard evidence. Also you imply that the writer is ignoring historians because they are 'leftist' when the writer is actually pointing out that those historians aren't providing much evidence to prove their claims.
To put it simply, either provide evidence* or all you're doing is repeating the same errors people made on the previous comment thread.
*Preferably in the form of verified documents from soldiers, merchants, politicians and bankers from the time period.
And I'm sorry, the Economist seems to be doubling my posts when I log in to post them again.
The challenge at the end of the article is simply not credible.
The first problem is that the writer - in an almost archetypical typical British snobbish fashion - insinuates that there is no empirical evidence for the dependency theory, advising us "to leave history to historians". As if baggage acquired in Oxbridge alone could be a sufficient base to dismiss a school that has gained wide acceptance among serious thinkers in Latin America and elsewhere.
The second problem is that the evidence the writer of the blog puts forward is flimsy at best. We are led to believe that "countless other countries" did what Britain did when it's glaringly obvious that only a very limited number existed with comparable capacities. The surprising lack of specifics indicates that guesswork rather than research forms the base for the claim. Equally, the mere fact that British traders were active before the war by no means rules out that they saw potential for even better opportunities after war induced regime change. The hint that they dealt mainly with the Lopez clan seems to support that assumption rather than refute it. Nor does the the fact that Lopez enlisted a Briton to prop his war efforts rule out a malicious role by other British actors.
'As if baggage acquired in Oxbridge alone could be a sufficient base to dismiss a school that has gained wide acceptance among serious thinkers in Latin America and elsewhere.'
Then where is the solid evidence that drove this 'wide acceptance'? Without that, this 'school' is just propagating propaganda.
The "dependency theory school of foreign relations" is based on solid empirical evidence - to put it mildly.
On a cruder level, it should be obvious to any fool that empires were not built to develop less advanced societies but to exploit them.
You may dismiss that as propaganda and find a supportive audience on the website of The Economist, but this won't cut ice with those at the receiving end of exploitation.
'solid empirical evidence - to put it mildly.'
Where is it? Link please.
Oh, gosh.
There's a link in the article and Google is your friend too. Do you really think that parading ignorance is a way to support a point?
I didn't say there is no empirical evidence for any part whatsoever of dependency theory--that would be a rather broad assertion! I said that I am not aware of any empirical evidence for the specific claim made by some dependency theorists that Britain fomented or encouraged the War of the Triple Alliance. And I didn't say that countless other countries did what Britain did. I said that countless other countries did what *Brazil* did--namely, borrowing some money from British banks and buying some weapons from British suppliers. There was nothing unusual about Brazil's dealings with Britain to suggest it was a particularly important commercial relationship.
The phrase "perfidious Albion" was coined by - and, to the best of my knowledge, has *only* ever been widely used by - the French, who had at the time a history of hating England over everything from religion to trade policy to imperial and intellectual rivalries. In other words, it's a phrase invented by, and for the use of, people already predisposed to hate England.
Using it as evidence is about as valid as saying "America must be innately evil, the name 'Great Satan' didn't arise in a vacuum".
To ask that people provide evidence (such as the evidence I requested) is not credible? That kind of statement goes against everything in history, political science, sociology and psychology. You do not assert "the truth is evident". You go out and get the truth. Were I to say "it is obvious that the Chinese government is filled with assassins" people would (rightly) demand that I provide some sources to verify that statement.
I didn't say that you made the assertion that you paraphrased. I said, or rather meant, that the last paragraph insinuates that a historical thesis submitted by a follower of the dependency school suffers from innate lack of credibility. Thanks for clarifying, the use of the "countless" term. However, I still don't see how it could serve to absolve Britain from the suspicion that was raised. You don't necessarily need a particularly important commercial relationship to embark on profiteering and/or behind the scenes meddling.
The term seems to have been coined by the French, but it was readily taken up all over continental Europe.
And anybody just vaguely familiar with recent Persian history will readily accept that the term "Great Satan" didn't arise in a vacuum either.
This particular thesis, advanced by some writers associated with dependency theory, suffers from a complete dearth of supporting historical evidence, at least to my knowledge. I'm not sure exactly what you mean by "profiteering". Some British companies made some sales to some South American countries involved in the war, which were presumably profitable. But they also made plenty of sales to the prewar Paraguayan government, which they could not continue once the war began. As for "behind-the-scenes meddling," this is where the burden of proof falls on the prosecution. If anyone associated with Britain did intervene in any way to push the governments of any of the four countries towards war, they did quite an impressive job of covering their tracks, so that no documentary record of such activity has surfaced.
I haven't expressed a view in this discussion on any other specific thesis argued by any of the dependency writers.
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Dancing in the Streetarr. Kirby Shaw - Hal Leonard Corporation
Here is the iconic '60s hit by Martha & the Vandellas, on overdrive! A perfect show choir theme, this arrangement opens with a vocal build punctuated by horn punches and handclaps before exploding into the instantly recognized verse. The party atmosphere continues with a fun vocal stack before the final powerful "call."
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The "mineral complex" in this makeup remover's name may entice you, but none of the minerals in these wipes offer special benefits for your skin. These cleansing cloths work decently to remove makeup (although waterproof makeup formulas are a bit too stubborn for this makeup remover), but it is best not to use this around your eyes because it contains a form of radish root that can cause irritation. In addition, any makeup remover meant for use around the eyes should omit fragrance—which these cloths contain. Fragrance, whether it is synthetic or from plant extracts, can be irritants.
In one sweep, skin feels totally cleansed and refreshed.
Water, Cetearyl Isononanoate, Saccharomyces/Copper Ferment, Saccharomyces/Iron Ferment, Saccharomyces/Magnesium Ferment, Saccharomyces/Zinc Ferment, Saccharomyces/Silicon Ferment, Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Aspalathus Linearis Leaf Extract, Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract, Tocopheryl Acetate, Butylene Glycol, Ceteareth-20, Cetearyl Alcohol, Glyceryl Stearate, Sodium Citrate, Glycerin, Benzoic Acid, Ceteareth-12, Cetyl Palmitate, Dehydroacetic Acid, Disodium EDTA, Citric Acid, Ethylhexylglycerin, Phenoxyethanol, Fragrance
Avon At-A-Glance
Strengths: Broad-spectrum sun protection from most of the SPF products; a selection of good cleansers, moisturizers, and serums; a phenomenal concealer and a handful of other excellent makeup products at bargain prices; the company provides complete ingredient lists on its Web site and offers some of the most helpful Customer Service associates in the industry.
Weaknesses: The Clearskin products are mostly irritating and poor choices for anyone battling blemishes; the Anew Clinical lineup isn't as impressive as its made out to be; an overreliance on jar packaging diminishes the antioxidants found in many Avon moisturizers; endless, unnecessarily repetitive moisturizers with exaggerated, outlandish claims; some of the foundations look unnatural.
The last few years have been an interesting time for the world's largest direct seller. Avon is sold in 120 countries and has an enormous range of products that goes beyond skin care and makeup, all sold by five million Avon representatives racking up annual sales of over $8 billion (Source: www.avoncompany.com). Yet due to several quarters of lackluster or poor financial performance, the company announced a multiyear restructuring plan in 2006. The anticipated cost of these changes is upwards of $500 million, which includes downsizing underperforming areas and focusing on remarketing their star products. In recent years, those key products have had "cosmeceutical" appeal, with claims that have gone beyond reality (but overexaggerated claims sell big in the cosmetics industry).
The Anew Clinical line ushered in several products claiming to work like (or, in some instances, better than) cosmetic corrective procedures. Whether you are considering laser treatments, Botox, Thermage, collagen injections, or even liposuction, the ads for Anew Clinical were designed to make you rethink that decision.
It is definitely impressive that Avon invested $100 million on a state-of-the-art research and product development facility in New York, but despite some innovative products that compete with the best of the best (typically for much less money), no cosmetics company has (or will) produce skin-care products that rival or beat the results obtainable from medical procedures. It's admittedly easier to slather on a cream or stroke a pad over your face than to make an office call and shoulder the expense for a cosmetic corrective procedure, but in this case convenience and savings don't equal—or even come close to—comparable results. And lest we forget, despite the onslaught of so-called cosmeceutical products claiming to mimic the results such procedures provide, the number of these procedures being performed increases each year. If any of these works-like-(insert cosmetic corrective procedure here) products did work, the number of procedures would be declining, not rising.
The National Advertising Division (NAD) took issue with several claims Avon made in ads for their Anew Clinical products (Source: www.nadreview.org/default.asp?SessionID=1149178&DocType=1&CaseType=1). In some cases, Avon reworded their claims in ad reprints, while in others they "respectfully disagreed" with the NAD conclusions but agreed to take their comments into consideration for future ads. We'll see how this turns out, but, based on their current ads, the message remains that Anew Clinical products are at the forefront of making cosmetic corrective procedure results as easy as calling your Avon representative and reciting your credit card number.
As a major international cosmetics company, Avon has several initiatives in place that prove its commitment to women and the environment. Whether donating to women's health concerns (most notably breast cancer), surpassing environmental regulations, or financially supporting alternative methods to animal testing, Avon's principles are responsible and admirable. If you pay attention to the best of what they have to offer, you will not only be supporting Avon's mission to improve the lives of women but also gaining some wonderful products, making it a win-win situation.
The bad news is that unless you know what you want and order from Avon's Web site, dealing with an Avon representative tends to be a frustrating experience. Try as they might, most of them are mere order-takers. They cannot keep up with the product assortment, sales, and changes that occur between Avon's "campaigns." One of the representatives we dealt with was quite frank about how much she didn't know, and mentioned that they are not kept as up-to-date as they should be, not to mention the haphazard assortment of testers or samples available. On the flipside, Avon is a wonderful mail-order company should you need to return or exchange products. Unlike companies with a similar business model (Arbonne comes to mind), Avon makes the process smooth and hassle-free, with a "if you're not happy, we're not" motto that epitomizes outstanding customer service.
For more information about Avon, call (800) 500-AVON or visit www.avon.com.
Avon Makeup
If you've been noticing more magazine and television ads for Avon recently, it's no accident. According to an article in the November 21, 2005, issue of The Rose Sheet, Avon's ad spending through 2008 will reach "historical heights" due in part to the brand's flat performance the past couple of years. Avon's CEO Andrea Jung admitted that the company's makeup business has struggled due to increased competition, a point we wholeheartedly agree with. Avon may be viewed as a skin-care innovator, but when it comes to makeup they're more follow-the-leaders than trail blazers. Admittedly, their foundations, powders, blush, and lipsticks have smoother, more state-of-the-art textures than ever, but with few exceptions none of them are setting a precedent that other, more innovative companies are likely to follow.
You will find some outstanding Avon makeup products to consider, but perhaps due to the sheer size of the collection there are far too many mediocre products, especially among the eyeshadows, pencils, and mascaras. Given that Avon isn't as easy to obtain as comparable products at your local drug or department store, many of the makeup items end up being a tough sell. After all, who wants to go out of their way for average products? Turning to what Avon does really well, you'll find their loose and pressed powders have amazingly silky textures and natural finishes. Their blushes are wonderful, and a few of the lipsticks and foundations are definitely worth talking about with enthusiasm. Another positive point is that Avon regularly discounts their makeup, often upwards of 50% during any given campaign (Avon's campaigns run for two weeks and the specials change each time). If you shop at the right time, the best of Avon color can be yours for less than you'd pay for most low-cost drugstore makeup.
The Beautypedia Research Team is dedicated to helping you find the absolute best products for your skin, using research-based criteria to review beauty products from an honest, balanced perspective. Each member of the team was personally trained by Paula Begoun herself.
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Empire Craft
Empire Craft Overview
Empire Craft is a medieval strategy game where players build cities and battle demons. The empire building parts of Empire Craft play similarly to FreeSky Online and Evony, players start with a single city which they must expand by adding barracks, warehouses, hospitals, taverns, and other buildings. Four key resources are required for construction, wood, stone, iron, and food, which are generated from special buildings. Players can upgrade their buildings to make them more effective and hire heroes to lead their troops into battle against other players and NPC demons. Diamonds serve as the premium currency which can be used to speed up production and access certain features such as the barter system. Players can earn some diamonds by completing quests but they must otherwise be purchased with cash.
Empire Craft Screenshots
Empire Craft Featured Video
Empire Craft Full Review
By, Erhan Altay
Empire Craft is the latest browser based strategy game out of China. Published by HiThere, which is owned by OPI, Empire Craft is very similar to Evony and IGG's FreeSky Online. Players start with a single barren city and must slowly build it into a thriving metropolis. Like many other games in the genre, Empire Craft has a medieval theme but throws in some fantasy elements by allowing players to battle NPC controlled demons which roam the world map. Even with the medieval fantasy theme, this isn't the type of game that takes a large time commitment. Instead, Empire Craft can be played in small bursts throughout the day at home or from work.
Why, Hello There!
As I mentioned earlier, Empire Craft is hosted on a new browser game portal that goes by the interesting title 'hithere.' The site publishes other browser games including Neverland Online and Age of Ocean with more on the way. A single sign up allows access to all these titles and email verification is optional to boot. Like many other sites, hithere offers 'Facebook connect' but I recommend creating a separate account, there's no need to clutter Facebook with more annoying announcements and messages. After signing up, players will be tossed into one of the 13 servers randomly. Those who want to play with friends should head back to the homepage and relaunch the game so that they can change worlds. Each player starts with a city with a City Hall in the middle surrounded by walls. There are 29 empty slots which can house various buildings. Outside the city walls are four resource generating buildings, an Iron Mine, Sawmill, Quarry, and Farm. New players may be confused by this display. Those unfamiliar with the empire-building genre will especially feel overwhelmed. Luckily, there is a huge list of quests available under the 'Beginner' category to offer guidance.
Patience is a Virtue…
Within minutes, it becomes apparent that Empire Craft suffers from a severe case of Engrish. Most of the grammar is technically correct but I couldn't help but laugh at the word usage. Here's an example of one of the beginner quest's descriptions: "We can translate your stone to REAL food,and of cause can be eaten and digested.That cost 15 diamands. We are NOT Alchemists, we ARE physicists." Fortunately, most of the quest objectives are straight forward and don't require reading the dragged out quest descriptions. Objectives range from constructing buildings, upgrading them, training soldiers, and sending them out to battle. The number of quests is measured in the dozens with each small step rewarding players with additional resources. In addition to the four main resources, there are three other important materials to keep track of. Gold is earned passively depending on the size of a city's population and the current tax rate and is used to hire soldiers and heroes. These units have a continuous upkeep cost so it is important to maintain a large tax base. Magical crystals are used to research new technologies and most importantly Diamonds serve as the premium currency. Diamonds can be earned by completing quests but must otherwise be purchased using real cash. Empire Craft does everything it can to entice players to splurge on Diamonds since they have a whole host of uses.
Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend
As players build up their empire, they will quickly hit a brick wall in the form of long construction times even though Empire Craft allows two simultaneous construction queries at a time by default. This allows more versatility than similar games like Evony and Tribal Wars but comes at a cost. Most of the new wave strategy titles allow instant construction of buildings that take less than a certain amount of time to construct. This is not the case in Empire Craft. The only way to hasten construction times in EC is by spending diamonds. Diamonds are also required when 'bartering' which is the process of converting one type of resources to another. Other uses for Diamonds include searching for more heroes at the tavern and 'refreshing' your hero's abilities. For players unwilling to spend cash on diamonds, getting past the beginner set of quests should take about a day of occasional play. It's best to have another browser tab open or a magazine handy while playing Empire Craft, it is not the kind of game that requires constant attention.
New players are granted a 7 day grace period in which they are protected from aggression by other players. It's best to use this time to build up a decent defense by strengthening the city walls, guard tower, and hiring troops. A warehouse is also a great defensive structure since it protects resources from enemy raiders. When attacking cities or hunting demons, an army must be lead by a hero. Heroes can be hired from taverns and can level up, equip gear, and learn skills. Several early game quests introduce players to hero maintenance and growth. Special items which are available in the cash shop can boost a hero's experience immediately but the more general method is by sending out expeditions. Once a force has been hired at a barracks, players can click the 'world' button towards the top of the interface to access the world map. Scattered across this grid like map are empty plots, player controlled cities, and various demons. The strength of these demons is proportional to their distance away from any given player so newbies would do well to attack the nearest one first. It's better to be over armed than under armed for any combat encounter in Empire Craft so players should amass a large army before attacking. An effective strategy is to have a ton of low strength units with a few powerful units thrown into the mix.
For Better or For Worse
There's no escaping the fact that Empire Craft uses the same script as Evony and FreeSky Online but this isn't necessarily a bad thing. Player will experience with those previous games will start with a working knowledge of this one. The visuals in Empire Craft are superior to those of FreeSky but fall short of Evony's. One advantage EC has over both games is the simpler town design. Each city only has one of each resource generating building located on the same screen as the other buildings. In Evony, farms and such are located on a separate screen and players must construct multiple copies of each. By condensing all buildings to a single screen, Empire Craft saves a step and makes city management that much easier. So far, Empire Craft hasn't found the same audience as Tribal Wars or Evony but hopefully that will change as the game is updated.
Final Verdict: Fair
Empire Craft is a beginner friendly strategy game that is sure to keep fans of the genre interested. By enticing beginners with premium items early on, Empire Craft helps draw players in, but with dated animations and slow paced gameplay it has a hard time keeping them hooked.


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