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Leonardo da Vinci | |
"The Vitruvian Man" by Leonardo | |
Born | Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci April 15, 1452 Vinci, Italy |
Died | May 2, 1519 Amboise, Indre-et-Loire, France | (aged 67)
Nationality | Italian |
Known for | polymath: painter, sculptor, architect, musician, scientist, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, geologist, cartographer, botanist and writer |
Notable work(s) | Paintings including Mona Lisa and The Last Supper. Many scientific drawings including The Vitruvian Man |
Movement | High Renaissance |
Leonardo da Vinci | |
"The Vitruvian Man" by Leonardo | |
Born | Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci April 15, 1452 Vinci, Italy |
Died | May 2, 1519 Amboise, Indre-et-Loire, France | (aged 67)
Nationality | Italian |
Known for | polymath: painter, sculptor, architect, musician, scientist, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, geologist, cartographer, botanist and writer |
Notable work(s) | Paintings including Mona Lisa and The Last Supper. Many scientific drawings including The Vitruvian Man |
Movement | High Renaissance |
Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) was an Italian polymath, regarded as the epitome of the "Renaissance Man", displaying skills in numerous diverse areas of study. Whilst most famous for his paintings such as the Mona Lisa and the Last Supper, Leonardo is also renowned in the fields of civil engineering, chemistry, geology, geometry, hydrodynamics, mathematics, mechanical engineering, optics, physics, pyrotechnics, and zoology.
While the full extent of his scientific studies has only become recognized in the last 150 years, he was, during his lifetime, employed for his engineering and skill of invention. Many of his designs, such as the movable dikes to protect Venice from invasion, proved too costly or impractical. Some of his smaller inventions entered the world of manufacturing unheralded. As an engineer, Leonardo conceived ideas vastly ahead of his own time, conceptually inventing a helicopter, an armoured fighting vehicle, the use of concentrated solar power, a calculator, a rudimentary theory of plate tectonics and the double hull. In practice, he greatly advanced the state of knowledge in the fields of anatomy, astronomy, civil engineering, optics, and the study of water (hydrodynamics).
Leonardo's most famous drawing, the Vitruvian Man, is a study of the proportions of the human body, linking art and science in a single work that has come to represent Renaissance Humanism.
Leonardo da Vinci (April 15, 1452 – May 2, 1519) was born the illegitimate son of Messer Piero, a notary, and Caterina, a peasant woman. His early life was spent in the region of Vinci, in the valley of the Arno River near Florence, firstly with his mother and in later childhood in the household of his father, grandfather and uncle Francesco.
His curiosity and interest in scientific observation were stimulated by his uncle Francesco, while his grandfather's keeping of journals set an example which he was to follow for most of his life, diligently recording in his own journals both the events of the day, his visual observations, his plans and his projects. The journals of Leonardo contain matters as mundane as grocery lists and as remarkable as diagrams for the construction of a flying machine.
In 1466, Leonardo was sent to Florence to the workshop of the artist Verrocchio, in order to learn the skills of an artist. At the workshop, as well as painting and drawing, he learnt the study of topographical anatomy.[1] He was also exposed to a very wide range of technical skills such as drafting, set construction, plasterworking, paint chemistry, and metallurgy.
Among the older artists whose work stimulated Leonardo's scientific interest was Piero della Francesca, then a man in his 60s, who was one of the earliest artists to systematically employ linear perspective in his paintings, and who had a greater understanding of the science of light than any other artist of his date. While Leonardo's teacher, Verrocchio, largely ignored Piero's scientifically disciplined approach to painting, Leonardo and Domenico Ghirlandaio, who also worked at Verrocchio's workshop, did not. Two of Leonardo's earliest paintings, both scenes of the Annunciation show his competent understanding of the linear perspective.
Leonardo was profoundly observant of nature, his curiosity having been stimulated in early childhood by his discovery of a deep cave in the mountains and his intense desire to know what lay inside. His earliest dated drawing, 1473, is of the valley of the Arno River, where he lived. It displays some of the many scientific interests that were to obsess him all his life, in particular geology and hydrology. [2]
During the Renaissance, the study of art and science was not perceived as mutually exclusive; on the contrary, the one was seen as informing upon the other. Although Leonardo's training was primarily as an artist, it was largely through his scientific approach to the art of painting, and his development of a style that coupled his scientific knowledge with his unique ability to render what he saw that created the outstanding masterpieces of art for which he is famous.
As a scientist, Leonardo had no formal education in Latin and mathematics and did not attend a university. Because of these factors, his scientific studies were largely ignored by other scholars. Leonardo's approach to science was one of intense observation and detailed recording, his tools of investigation being almost exclusively his eyes. His journals give insight into his investigative processes.
A recent and exhaustive analysis of Leonardo as a scientist by Fritjof Capra argues that Leonardo was a fundamentally different kind of scientist from Galileo, Newton, and other scientists who followed him, his theorizing and hypothesizing integrating the arts and particularly painting. Capra sees Leonardo's unique integrated, holistic views of science as making him a forerunner of modern systems theory and complexity schools of thought.[3]
Leonardo kept a series of journals in which he wrote almost daily, as well as separate notes and sheets of observations, comments and plans. He wrote and drew with his left hand, and most of his writing is in mirror script, which makes it difficult to read. Much has survived to illustrate Leonardo's studies, discoveries and inventions.
On his death, his writings were left mainly to his pupil Melzi with the apparent intention that his scientific work should be published. This did not take place in Melzi's lifetime, and the writings were eventually bound in different forms and dispersed. Some of his works were published as a Treatise on Painting 165 years after his death.
Leonardo illustrated a book on mathematical proportion in art written by his friend Luca Pacioli and called "De divina proportione", published in 1509. He was also preparing a major treatise on his scientific observations and mechanical inventions. It was to be divided into a number of sections or "Books", Leonardo leaving some instructions as to how they were to be ordered. Many sections for it appear in his notebooks.
These pages deal with scientific subjects generally but also specifically as they touch upon the creation of artworks. In relating to art, this is not science that is dependent upon experimentation or the testing of theories. It deals with detailed observation, particularly the observation of the natural world, and includes a great deal about the visual effects of light on different natural substances such as foliage.[4]
Leonardo wrote:
Leonardo wrote:
For an artist working in the 15th century, some study of the nature of light was essential. It was by the effective painting of light falling on a surface that modelling, or a three-dimensional appearance was to be achieved in a two-dimensional medium. It was also well understood by artists like Leonardo's teacher, Verrocchio, that an appearance of space and distance could be achieved in a background landscape by painting in tones that were less in contrast and colours that were less bright than in the foreground of the painting. The effects of light on solids were achieved by trial and error, since few artists except Piero della Francesca actually had accurate scientific knowledge of the subject.
At the time when Leonardo commenced painting, it was unusual for figures to be painted with extreme contrast of light and shade. Faces, in particular, were shadowed in a manner that was bland and maintained all the features and contours clearly visible. Leonardo broke with this. In the painting generally titled The Lady with an Ermine (about 1483) he sets the figure diagonally to the picture space and turns her head so that her face is almost parallel to her nearer shoulder. The back of her head and the further shoulder are deeply shadowed. Around the ovoid solid of her head and across her breast and hand the light is diffused in such a way that the distance and position of the light in relation to the figure can be calculated.
Leonardo's treatment of light in paintings such as The Virgin of the Rocks and the Mona Lisa was to change forever the way in which artists perceived light and used it in their paintings. Of all Leonardo's scientific legacies, this is probably the one that had the most immediate and noticeable effect.
Leonardo wrote:
Leonardo began the formal study of the topographical anatomy of the human body when apprenticed to Andrea del Verrocchio. As a student he would have been taught to draw the human body from life, to memorize the muscles, tendons and visible subcutaneous structure and to familiarise himself with the mechanics of The various Parts of the skeletal and muscular structure. It was common workshop practice to have plaster casts of parts of the human anatomy available for students to study and draw.
If, as is thought to be the case, Leonardo painted the torso and arms of Christ in The Baptism of Christ on which he famously collaborated with his master Verrocchio, then his understanding of topographical anatomy had surpassed that of his master at an early age as can be seen by a comparison of the arms of Christ with those of John the Baptist in the same painting.
In the 1490s he wrote about demonstrating muscles and sinews to students:
His continued investigations in this field occupied many pages of notes, each dealing systematically with a particular aspect of anatomy. It appears that the notes were intended for publication, a task entrusted on his death to his pupil Melzi.
In conjunction with studies of aspects of the body are drawings of faces displaying different emotions and many drawings of people suffering facial deformity, either congenital or through illness. Some of these drawings, generally referred to as "caricatures", on analysis of the skeletal proportions, appear to be based on anatomical studies.
As Leonardo became successful as an artist, he was given permission to dissect human corpses at the hospital Santa Maria Nuova in Florence. Later he dissected in Milan at the hospital Maggiore and in Rome at the hospital Santo Spirito (the first mainland Italian hospital). From 1510 to 1511 he collaborated in his studies with the doctor Marcantonio della Torre.
In 30 years, Leonardo dissected 30 male and female corpses of different ages. Together with Marcantonio, he prepared to publish a theoretical work on anatomy and made more than 200 drawings. However, his book was published only in 1680 (161 years after his death) under the heading Treatise on painting.
Among the detailed images that Leonardo drew are many studies of the human skeleton. He was the first to describe the double S form of the backbone. He also studied the inclination of pelvis and sacrum and stressed that sacrum was not uniform, but composed of five fused vertebrae.
Leonardo was a physiologist as well as an anatomist, studying the function of the human body as well as examining and recording its structure. He dissected and drew the human skull and cross-sections of the brain, transversal, sagittal, and frontal. These drawings may be linked to a search for the sensus communis, the locus of the human senses,[citation needed] which, by Medieval tradition, was located at the exact physical center of the skull.
Leonardo studied internal organs, being the first to draw the human appendix and the lungs, mesentery, urinary tract, reproductive organs, the muscles of the cervix and a detailed cross-section of coitus. He was one of the first to draw a scientific representation of the fetus in the intrautero.
Leonardo studied the vascular system and drew a dissected heart in detail. He correctly worked out how heart valves ebb the flow of blood yet he did not fully understand circulation as he believed that blood was pumped to the muscles where it was consumed. In 2005 a UK heart surgeon, Francis Wells, from Papworth Hospital Cambridge, pioneered repair to damaged hearts, using Leonardo's depiction of the opening phase of the mitral valve to operate without changing its diameter allowing an individual to recover more quickly. Wells said "Leonardo had a depth of appreciation of the anatomy and physiology of the body - its structure and function - that perhaps has been overlooked by some."[5]
Leonardo's observational acumen, drawing skill, and the clarity of depiction of bone structures reveal him at his finest as an anatomist. However, his depiction of the internal soft tissues of the body are incorrect in many ways, showing that he maintained concepts of anatomy and functioning that were in some cases millennia old, and that his investigations were probably hampered by the lack of preservation techniques available at the time. Leonardo's detailed drawing of the internal organs of a woman (See left) reveal many traditional misconceptions.[6]
Leonardo's study of human anatomy led also to the design of the first known robot in recorded history. The design, which has come to be called Leonardo's robot, was probably made around the year 1495 but was rediscovered only in the 1950s.
Leonardo not only studied human anatomy, but the anatomy of many other animals as well. He dissected cows, birds, monkeys and frogs, comparing in his drawings their anatomical structure with that of humans. On one page of his journal Leonardo drew five profile studies of a horse with its teeth bared in anger and, for comparison, a snarling lion and a snarling man.
In the early 1490s Leonardo was commissioned to create a monument in honour of Francesco Sforza. In his notebooks are a series of plans for an equestrian monument. There are also a large number of related anatomical studies of horses. They include several diagrams of a standing horse with the angles and proportions annotated, anatomical studies of horses' heads, a dozen detailed drawings of hooves and numerous studies and sketches of horses rearing.
He studied the topographical anatomy of a bear in detail, making many drawings of its paws. There is also a drawing of the muscles and tendons of the bear's hind feet. Other drawings of particular interest include the uterus of a pregnant cow, the hindquarters of a decrepit mule and studies of the musculature of a little dog.
Leonardo wrote:
The science of botany was long established by Leonardo's time, a treatise on the subject having been written as early as 300 BCE.[7] Leonardo's study of plants, resulting in many beautiful drawings in his notebooks, was not to record in diagramatic form the parts of the plant, but rather, as an artist and observer to record the precise appearance of plants, the manner of growth and the way that individual plants and flowers of a single variety differed from one another.
One such study shows a page with several species of flower of which ten drawings are of wild violets. Along with a drawing of the growing plant and a detail of a leaf, Leonardo has repeatedly drawn single flowers from different angles, with their heads set differently on the stem.
Apart from flowers the notebooks contain many drawings of crop plants including several types of grain and a variety of berries including a detailed study of bramble. There are also water plants such as irises and sedge. His notebooks also direct the artist to observe how light reflects from foliage at different distances and under different atmospheric conditions.
A number of the drawings have their equivalents in Leonardo's paintings. An elegant study of a stem of lilies may have been for one of Leonardo's early Annunciation paintings, carried in the hand of the Archangel Gabriel. In both the Annunciation pictures the grass is dotted with blossoming plants.
The plants which appear in both the versions of The Virgin of the Rocks demonstrate the results of Leonardo's studies in a meticulous realism that makes each plant readily identifiable to the botanist.
As an adult, Leonardo had only two childhood memories, one of which was the finding of a cave in the Apennines. Although fearing that he might be attacked by a wild beast, he ventured in driven "by the burning desire to see whether there might be any marvelous thing within."
Leonardo's earliest dated drawing is a study of the Arno Valley, strongly emphasizing its geological features. His notebooks contain landscapes with a wealth of geological observation from the regions of both Florence and Milan, often including atmospheric effects such as a heavy rainstorm pouring down on a town at the foot of a mountain range.
It had been observed for many years that strata in mountains often contained bands of sea shells. Conservative science said that these could be explained by the Great Flood described in the Bible. Leonardo's observations convinced him that this could not possibly be the case.
This quotation makes clear the breadth of Leonardo's understanding of geology, including the action of water in creating sedimentary rock, the tectonic action of the Earth in raising the sea bed and the action of erosion in the creation of geographical features.
In Leonardo's earliest paintings we see the remarkable attention given to the small landscapes of the background, with lakes and water, swathed in a misty light. In the larger of the Annunciation paintings is a town on the edge of a lake. Although distant, the mountains can be seen to be scored by vertical strata. This characteristic can be observed in other paintings by Leonardo, and closely resembles the mountains around Lago di Garda and Lago d'Iseo in Northern Italy. It is a particular feature of both the paintings of The Virgin of the Rocks, which also include caverns of fractured, tumbled, and water-eroded limestone.[8]
In the early 16th century maps were rare and often inaccurate. Leonardo produced several extremely accurate maps such as the town plan of Imola created in 1502 in order to win the patronage of Cesare Borgia. Borgia was so impressed that he hired him as a military engineer and architect. Leonardo also produced a map of Chiana Valley in Tuscany, which he surveyed, without the benefit of modern equipment, by pacing the distances. In 1515, Leonardo produced a map of the Roman Southern Coast which is linked to his work for the Vatican and relates to his plans to drain the marshland.
Recent research by Donato Pezzutto suggests that the background landscapes in Leonardo's paintings depict specific locations as aerial views with enhanced depth, employing a technique called cartographic perspective. Pezzutto identifies the location of the Mona Lisa to the Val di Chiana, the Annunciation to the Arno Valley, the Madonna of the Yarnwinder to the Adda Valley and The Virgin and Child with St Anne to the Sessia Valley.[9]
Leonardo wrote:
Among Leonardo's drawings are many that are studies of the motion of water, in particular the forms taken by fast-flowing water on striking different surfaces.
Many of these drawings depict the spiralling nature of water. The spiral form had been studied in the art of the Classical era and strict mathematical proportion had been applied to its use in art and architecture. An awareness of these rules of proportion had been revived in the early Renaissance. In Leonardo's drawings can be seen the investigation of the spiral as it occurs in water.
There are several elaborate drawings of water curling over an object placed at a diagonal to its course. There are several drawings of water dropping from a height and curling upwards in spiral forms. One such drawing, as well as curling waves, shows splashes and details of spray and bubbles.
Leonardo's interest manifested itself in the drawing of streams and rivers, the action of water in eroding rocks, and the cataclysmic action of water in floods and tidal waves. The knowledge that he gained from his studies was employed in devising a range of projects, particularly in relation to the Arno River. None of the major works was brought to completion.
Claims are sometimes made that Leonardo da Vinci was an alchemist. He was trained in the workshop of Verrocchio, who according to Vasari, was an able alchemist. Leonardo was a chemist in so much as that he experimented with different media for suspending paint pigment. In the painting of murals, his experiments resulted in notorious failures with the Last Supper deteriorating within a century, and the Battle of Anghiari running off the wall. In Leonardo's many pages of notes about artistic processes, there are some that pertain to the use of silver and gold in artworks, information he would have learned as a student.[11]
Leonardo's scientific process was based mainly upon observation. His practical experiments are also founded in observation rather than belief. Leonardo, who questioned the order of the solar system and the deposit of fossils by the Great Flood, had little time for the alchemical quests to turn lead into gold or create a potion that gave eternal life.
Leonardo said about alchemists:
During the early 15th century, both Brunelleschi and Alberti made studies of linear perspective. In 1436 Alberti published "della Pittura" ("On Painting"), which includes his findings on linear perspective. Piero della Francesca carried his work forward and by the 1470s a number of artists were able to produce works of art that demonstrated a full understanding of the principles of linear perspective.
Leonardo studied linear perspective and employed it in his earlier paintings. His use of perspective in the two Annunciations is daring, as he uses various features such as the corner of a building, a walled garden and a path to contrast enclosure and spaciousness.
The unfinished Adoration of the Magi was intended to be a masterpiece revealing much of Leonardo's knowledge of figure drawing and perspective. There exists a number of studies that he made, including a detailed study of the perspective, showing the complex background of ruined Classical buildings that he planned for the left of the picture. In addition, Leonardo is credited with the first use of anamorphosis, the use of a "perspective" to produce an image that is intelligible only with a curved mirror or from a specific vantage point.[14]
Leonardo wrote:
While in Milan in 1496 Leonardo met a traveling monk and academic, Luca Pacioli. Under him, Leonardo studied mathematics. Pacioli, who first codified and recorded the double entry system of bookkeeping,[15] had already published a major treatise on mathematical knowledge, collaborated with Leonardo in the production of a book called "De divina proportione" about mathematical and artistic proportion. Leonardo prepared a series of drawings of regular solids in a skeletal form to be engraved as plates. "De divina proportione" was published in 1509.
Vasari in Lives of the Artists says of Leonardo:
Leonardo was a master of mechanical principles. He utilized leverage and cantilevering, pulleys, cranks, gears, including angle gears and rack and pinion gears; parallel linkage, lubrication systems and bearings. He understood the principles governing momentum, centripetal force, friction and the aerofoil and applied these to his inventions. His scientific studies remained unpublished with, for example, his manuscripts describing the processes governing friction predating the introduction of Amontons' Laws of Friction by 150 years.[16]
It is impossible to say with any certainty how many or even which of his inventions passed into general and practical use, and thereby had impact over the lives of many people. Among those inventions that are credited with passing into general practical use are the strut bridge, the automated bobbin winder, the rolling mill, the machine for testing the tensile strength of wire and the lens-grinding machine pictured at right. In the lens-grinding machine, the hand rotation of the grinding wheel operates an angle-gear, which rotates a shaft, turning a geared dish in which sits the glass or crystal to be ground. A single action rotates both surfaces at a fixed speed ratio determined by the gear.
As an inventor, Leonardo was not prepared to tell all that he knew:
Leonardo's study of the motion of water led him to design machinery that utilized its force. Much of his work on hydraulics was for Ludovico il Moro. Leonardo wrote to Ludovico describing his skills and what he could build:
Among his projects in Florence was one to divert the course of the Arno, in order to flood Pisa. Fortunately, this was too costly to be carried out. He also surveyed Venice and came up with a plan to create a movable dyke for the city's protection against invaders.
In 1502, Leonardo produced a drawing of a single span 240 m (720 ft) bridge as part of a civil engineering project for Ottoman Sultan Beyazid II of Istanbul. The bridge was intended to span an inlet at the mouth of the Bosphorus known as the Golden Horn. Beyazid did not pursue the project, because he believed that such a construction was impossible. Leonardo's vision was resurrected in 2001 when a smaller bridge based on his design was constructed in Norway. On 17 May 2006, the Turkish government decided to construct Leonardo's bridge to span the Golden Horn.[17]
Leonardo's letter to Ludovico il Moro assured him:
In Leonardo's notebooks there is an array of war machines which includes a vehicle to be propelled by two men powering crank shafts. Although the drawing itself looks quite finished, the mechanics were apparently not fully developed because, if built as drawn, the vehicle, with a lot of effort, might be made to rotate on the spot, but would never progress in a forward direction. In a BBC documentary, a military team built the machine and changed one of the gears in order to make the machine work. It has been suggested that Leonardo deliberately left this error in the design, in order to prevent it from being put to practice by unauthorized people.[18] Another machine, propelled by horses with a pillion rider, carries in front of it four scythes mounted on a revolving gear, turned by a shaft driven by the wheels of a cart behind the horses.
Leonardo's notebooks also show cannons which he claimed "to hurl small stones like a storm with the smoke of these causing great terror to the enemy, and great loss and confusion." He also designed an enormous crossbow. Following his detailed drawing, one was constructed by the British Army, but could not be made to fire successfully. In 1481 Leonardo designed a breech-loading, water cooled cannon with three racks of barrels allowed the re-loading of one rack while another was being fired and thus maintaining continuous fire power. The 'fan type' gun with its array of horizontal barrels allowed for a wide scattering of shot.
Leonardo was the first to sketch the wheel-lock musket c. 1500 AD (the precedent of the flintlock musket which first appeared in Europe by 1547), although as early as the 14th century the Chinese had used a flintlock 'steel wheel' in order to detonate land mines.[19]
While Leonardo was working in Venice, he drew a sketch for an early diving suit, to be used in the destruction of enemy ships entering Venetian waters. A suit was constructed for a BBC documentary using pigskin treated with fish oil to repel water. The head was covered by a helmet with two eyeglasses at the front. A breathing tube of bamboo with pigskin joints was attached to the back of the helmet and connected to a float of cork and wood. When the scuba divers tested the suit, they found it to be a workable precursor to a modern diving suit, the cork float acting as a compressed air chamber when submerged.[20]
In Leonardo's infancy a hawk had once hovered over his cradle. Recalling this incident, Leonardo saw it as prophetic.
The desire to fly is expressed in the many studies and drawings. His later journals contain a detailed study of the flight of birds and several different designs for wings based in structure upon those of bats which he described as being less heavy because of the impenetrable nature of the membrane. There is a legend that Leonardo tested the flying machine with one of his apprentices, and that the apprentice fell and broke his leg.[21] Experts Martin Kemp and Liana Bortolon agree that there is no evidence of such a test, which is not mentioned in his journals.
One design that he produced shows a flying machine to be lifted by a man-powered rotor.[22] It would not have worked since the body of the craft itself would have rotated in the opposite direction to the rotor.[23]
While he designed a number of man powered flying machines with mechanical wings that flapped, he also designed a parachute and a light hang glider which could have flown.[24]
The viola organista was an experimental musical instrument invented by Leonardo da Vinci. It was the first bowed keyboard instrument (of which any record has survived) ever to be devised.
Leonardo's original idea, as preserved in his notebooks of 1488–1489 and in the drawings in the Codex Atlanticus, was to use one or more wheels, continuously rotating, each of which pulled a looping bow, rather like a fanbelt in an automobile engine, and perpendicular to the instrument's strings.
In the late 20th century, interest in Leonardo's inventions escalated. There have been many projects which have sought to turn diagrams on paper into working models. One of the factors is the awareness that, although in the 15th and 16th centuries Leonardo had available a limited range of materials, modern technological advancements have made available a number of robust materials of light-weight which might turn Leonardo's designs into reality. This is particularly the case with his designs for flying machines.
A difficulty encountered in the creation of models is that often Leonardo had not entirely thought through the mechanics of a machine before he drew it, or else he used a sort of graphic shorthand, simply not bothering to draw a gear or a lever at a point where one is essential in order to make a machine function. This lack of refinement of mechanical details can cause considerable confusion. Thus many models that are created, such as some of those on display at Clos Luce, Leonardo's home in France, do not work, but would work, with a little mechanical tweaking.


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Search results
"tag:"2013 nfl free agency""
Title and summary | Date/time | |
Free Agent RB's: Who's Left?
OTA's are winding up and minicamps beginning for most NFL teams. Training camps will be up next. The 2013 NFL (and fantasy football) season is approaching. And that will mean injuries. So who is left from the 2013 free agent running backs crop of value? ... |
Jun 6, 2013 1:19:00 PM |
2013 Off-Season Quarterback Moves
Is it just me, or does it seem like there was a lot of hype about the free agent quarterbacks and traded quarterbacks that was severely unwarranted this off-season? None of the moves had any "wow" factor at all. And something that really stood ... |
Apr 8, 2013 1:52:00 PM |


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Got a tip for us? Let us know
Jan 1, 2012, 08:01 AM | #1 |
Simple, clean image viewer for OSX?
I'd really like a no-frills image viewer that supports Lion full-screen (IE, no interface at all visible), that automatically centers and zooms-to-fit images, and allow flipping between images and preferably also zooming by swipe input on the magic mouse.
Finally, it would be really nice if it has a better zooming filter kernel than just simple plain ole bilinear interpolation. Something like bi-cubic would be nice. Is there any such thing? The three options - that I know of - that OSX offers as standard are all more or less severely lacking; Preview doesn't support flipping between images in a folder without opening all of them at once (you don't wanna do that with hundreds or even thousands of images in a big archive), and has no swipe support either. iPhoto wants you to "import" every picture into a library, which is silly, because they're already all there on the disk. No need to import anything into anything, just show them already. And the quick look feature doesn't support flipping either, although its interface is pretty much ideal; very clean and simple. Exactly what I'd like to see! Is there anything floating about out there that fits at least some of these desires of mine...? Feels silly to have to network share my pictures folder to access it from my Windows PC, so save me from such a curse, please. Thank you very much in advance for any suggestions! |
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Jan 1, 2012, 08:04 AM | #2 |
No sure it meets all your requirements, but you can check out Xee or JustLooking
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Jan 2, 2012, 05:32 AM | #3 |
Frankly, I don't think anything meets ALL my wishes (not really requirements, really, heh), it's at times like these I really regret I never learned computer programming...
Xee looks nice though, I'll gonna have a peek at it later. Pun unintentional. Thanks for the help! |
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Jan 3, 2012, 03:08 PM | #4 |
I currently use Phoenix Slides as image viewer. It doesn't support magic mouse/trackpad gestures, but I like its simplicity.
The time you enjoy wasting is not wasted time. Bertrand Russell |
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Mar 31, 2012, 04:41 PM | #5 |
I dig the Phoenix Slides as it has a navigation pane visible with the thumbnail pane. Exactly what I was looking for.
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Nov 23, 2012, 01:39 PM | #6 |
Thanks for the recommendation
Thanks for the Phoenix Slides recommendation. I was previously using sequential and it was a bit clunky. This works great...no lag when I'm viewing images off of my network drive...just what I wanted!
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Jan 22, 2013, 02:14 PM | #7 |
Phoenix Slides is are great find! I was looking for a good simple thumbnail image viewer for ages, and this is just what I was looking for!
- View a folder as thumbnails - View and photo by double-clicking - Return to thumbnails by double-clicking again Great! |
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Apr 22, 2013, 01:53 PM | #8 |
No longer in development.
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May 11, 2013, 12:04 PM | #9 |
I've been looking for a good image viewer and been monitoring some forum threads, but finally found one in the Mac App Store, and registered to post this, may this be helpful to whoever still looking for good image viewer.
it's called Smart Photo Viewer by ArcSoft (or when installed the app is called Photo+) - pretty much just like the image viewer I'm used to in Windows:
There are several others in the App Store, but this one is quite low in price. Alternatively there's the free ToyViewer with basic editing, that is if you don't need it to automatically load all images in the same folder. |
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This continues RSVP's regular Sunday column of outstanding volunteer opportunities. There are some really terrific positions open that should fit your talents. Go for them!•
- Groups rally against push to control federal land
- Western Nevada News & Notes: Carson City's WNC's 'Career Connect' helps students with disabilities
- Nevada Legislature: GOP rift continues over bond rollover, prevailing wage bill
- Navy Reserve celebrates 100 years of service today
- Business Roundtable says trade spurs Nevada jobs


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LF Ranked 5's
Looking to join a serious team that aims to improve / set up scrims / enter tournaments / hold practices. Want to improve with others that are looking to do the same.
My ELO is currently in the 1600s, I main jungle, but can mid / top proficiently. Message me in game - Cinnical |
All times are GMT -8. The time now is 07:35 AM. |
(c) 2008 Riot Games Inc


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Blog | Comments |
WoW | 8 Comments |
Recent Comments:
Rhonin and Vereesa in Dalaran {WoW}
Aug 14th 2008 2:49PM I wish my Human Mage could hook up with High Elves ;)
Activision Blizzard staff layoffs may nix WoW mobile {WoW}
Jul 30th 2008 8:16PM Blizzard has said time and time again that everything will continue like normal with the merger. I doubt that these layoffs effect any of Blizzard's plans.
How to fly through the cold winds of Northrend {WoW}
Jul 27th 2008 4:01AM The problem comes in because Blizzard putting a physical restriction on it. There are people with 4 level 70s - all with epic flying mounts.
Do you think they will really care about the pretty pixels that much after the first time? It will undoubtedly be a major inconvenience to many and I would not be surprised to see it removed in a patch after the expansion has been released.
How to fly through the cold winds of Northrend {WoW}
Jul 27th 2008 2:21AM Isn't it funny how the quest where you unlock the ability to fly in Northrend isn't even related to flying in cold weather?
Thank you Blizzard, for making 5000 gold investments useless for 7 levels.
Blizzard wins lawsuit against bot makers {WoW}
Jul 15th 2008 10:47AM Boldwyn: It is the Terms of Use that is being enforced. Nowhere in the End User License agreement is cheating prohibited. That is expressed in the Terms of Use.
Blizzard wins lawsuit against bot makers {WoW}
Jul 15th 2008 10:16AM The way I see the ruling: Blizzard puts a limitation on how you can use their software, through their license agreement. The smallest violation of this agreement essentially means that you are not using the software within the rights that Blizzard has given you.
Thus: Blizzard says that the name "Roflcopter" violates their agreement. They don't want you using that name. If you use that name, they don't want you using their software. Use it, and you are crossing the limitations they have established.
Name your character "Roflcopter", and you are infringing Blizzard's copyright.
Blizzard wins lawsuit against bot makers {WoW}
Jul 15th 2008 9:46AM Fine, ban me from the game if I break our agreement. But breaking the agreement now makes me liable for copyright infringement? Bullshit.
Do you understand what I am telling you? Naming your character "Roflcopter" would be a violation of that contract. Do you really want to be subject to legal action because you named your character fucking "Roflcopter"?
Wake the hell up.
Blizzard wins lawsuit against bot makers {WoW}
Jul 15th 2008 9:45AM Anybody who agrees with the ruling is out of their mind and has no idea of the consequences it comes with. Get your head out of your ass and stop cheering happily to yourself "YAY NO MORE CHEATERS".
This has nothing to do with cheating. Blizzard just made it illegal to name your character "Roflcopter". Don't do it, or you will be liable for copyright infringement.


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Japan diver rescued off Bali says sea spun 'like washing machine'
Published on Feb 19, 2014 3:45 PM
SEMAWANG, Indonesia (AFP) - A Japanese scuba diver who survived three days in waters off Bali after going missing with six other women has told how the weather suddenly turned bad and the sea spun "like a washing machine".
Saori Furukawa, one of five Japanese divers rescued on Monday, gave her dramatic account as rescuers hunted for a woman still missing and a day after a body of one diver was found.
Furukawa said the weather had seemed "serene" when the group set off Friday from Nusa Lembongan, just east of the Indonesian resort island of Bali.
"At the start of our diving there was no problem in terms of weather and sea conditions," she said in a statement released to Japanese media late Tuesday, adding there were "almost no waves".
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Q&A: Nude-Photo Artist Accuses Zappos of Ripping Her Off 'It's not cool,' says Erica Simone
• Note: One of the images below features nudity. NSFW.
When Zappos unveiled its "More Than Shoes" campaign earlier this summer, featuring naked women on the streets of New York, it certainly turned heads—none more so than Erica Simone, a photographer who had taken some remarkably similar photos as part of her "Nue York" project. (Site is NSFW.) She believes the marketer and its agency, Mullen, ripped her off—that the shots are simply too similar and almost certainly not a coincidence.
Mullen denies this, telling AdFreak: "The 'More Than Shoes' campaign we did for Zappos is an original idea. It was not influenced by anyone else's content." The agency further points out that Zappos did an online video in 2007 with a naked couple walking down a street. Plus, the current campaign has included online executions with naked men, not just women.
Earlier this week, AdFreak spoke by telephone with Simone, who is currently vacationing in France and weighing her legal options.
• UPDATE: Scroll to the bottom to read a lengthy response from Mark Wenneker, chief creative officer at Mullen.
What did you think when you first saw the Zappos ads?
I had a friend who posted on my Facebook wall: "It looks like Zappos ripped you off." And the first picture that popped up was the one with the girl jogging. And it was almost identical to my shot. I was like, "Oh shit." And then I looked at a couple of others. There's a couple of other similar ones. They haven't come out with the full campaign yet, so I haven't seen the full set of them. But the first two that I saw were very similar. I mean, the jogging one is blatant.
There's the moped one, too.
Yeah, there's the moped one. I mean, there's enough differences, but it's a rip-off, for sure. It's just the whole concept. I'm obviously not the only person who does nudity in the street. But it's just the fact that the whole style is so similar.
So, you feel like the composition of the photos is too similar to be a coincidence.
The composition and the whole concept.
What did you do? Did you contact Zappos?
I haven't contacted them yet. I'm still waiting to hear from different lawyers on what they plan on doing.
And what are you being told so far by the lawyers?
They're saying different things, but it seems that there's an obvious infringement. I'm not sure how it plays out in the courts. This is something I'm obviously not familiar with at all.
What kind of action would you like to see from Zappos that would stop you from filing a lawsuit?
I guess ideally it would be great if they altered the campaign. I can't ask them to pull it completely. I can't ask them not to be inspired by a certain concept or idea. But it would be great if they changed it a little bit, so that people aren't calling me and going, "Oh hey, I saw you shot the Zappos ads!"
You're getting calls like that?
Yeah, people are completely confusing my work with the ads, and it's totally bringing my collection down a level, which is not cool.
What do you mean by that—bringing it down a level?
I've spent the last two years putting this collection together. It's taken me a lot of time. It's hard work, and I've been through a lot with it. And just to see this big company come in and steal the whole thing and capitalize on it—especially for clothing, when my whole collection is about being yourself and not having clothing as an image to speak for yourself—it's just frustrating.
The agency says it's pure coincidence. That theirs was an original idea. Do you think that's possible?
A pure coincidence? That's what they said? Yeah, that's very funny. Of course they'd say that. What are they going to say? No, our creative director isn't so creative? To me, it's pretty blatant. But hey, miracles happen, you know?
We see this kind of thing occasionally. How big of a problem is it for artists these days?
It's a big issue. You know, it sucks. Artists barely make money doing what they do. They put their ideas out there, and then it's easy for others to capitalize on it. But you know, it happens. This is what happens in life. I'm not going to cry about it. But it would have been cool if they had called me to shoot this campaign.
Would you have done that?
I definitely would have thought about it, for sure. It would have to be my own style, but yeah.
So, you're not opposed to doing commercial stuff.
I'm not opposed to being hired for work, no.
Do you think the similarities here will actually bring more publicity to your work—that there's any value in that idea?
Yeah, if it gets out there, then of course there'll be publicity. And hopefully it will distinguish in people's minds who did what ad, and who did what art.
Is there anything artists can do to protect themselves from this kind of thing?
Registering images is always a good thing to do. Not just copywriting them. So, that's one thing you can do. I mean, at the same time, it's flattering, you know? We put our work out there, and the world catches on to it. And I think that's an awesome thing. I'm all about it. But it could have been done in a better way. Feeling ripped off sucks. But it's good to inspire people.
• Response from Mark Wenneker, chief creative officer at Mullen:
"I read your story about Zappos and wanted to let you know how we came up with this recent campaign. When we started concepting back in January, the whole point was to say that Zappos sells 'more than shoes' and to do it in a way that would quickly get people's attention in magazines and online.
Our concept was 100 percent original. This to say it was inspired from within, not from without.
To prove that Zappos sells 'more than shoes,' the concept was simple. Show people wearing only shoes. Thus, leaving them wanting more than shoes.
Zappos is willing to take risks, so they bought the idea of using semi-naked models in the ads. We all agreed that the models should look like real people in real scenarios. Our campaign was launching in the summer, so flagging a cab, going for a jog, riding a bike, going to a BBQ and playing frisbee in a park were natural scenarios to show. We mixed it up between short, tall, black, white, female and male models. One of our male models is an ordinary looking guy who shows-up semi-naked in a Yahoo home-page takeover and winds-up getting dressed by Zappos.
We wanted a photographer who could make the scenes look totally authentic, so we hired someone who had a shooting style that feels like captured real life moments. We didn't want to get too fashionable or serious.
It seems pretty hard to own nudity. Showing naked people is not a revolution in the industry. If we ripped anyone off we ripped off ourselves from this 2007 Zappos video. But nudity with blue censor bars that say 'More than shoes' and have a Zappos logo seemed kind of ownable to us.
That's it in a nutshell. Our team was thinking about how to get the message across in a real, amusing and daring way. And this seemed exactly like something Zappos would do and, in fact, has done. It's an original concept for an original brand.
That happens to sell more than shoes."
See some more images from the Zappos campaign on the next page:
- Cake Decorating Brand Bakes Up a Partnership With YouTube Star Rosanna Pansino
- How Leonard Nimoy Created an Alien Who Embodied the Best of Humanity
- March Madness Marketers Should Study the NBA for a Winning Instagram Strategy
- Accounts in Review: Here's Why Dentsu Left the Sears Holdings Battle
- How Lay's Is Adding More Social Zest to Its Popular Flavor-Creation Campaign
- A Surprising Look at the Brands That Connect Best With Today's Cultural Priorities
- Ad of the Day: Epic Audi Spot With Marauding Mechanics Is Ridiculously Fun
- Adweek's Top 5 Commercials of the Week: Feb. 20-27
- Every Brand Wanted a Piece of #TheDress, but Who Wore It Best?
- Gripping Powerade Spot With Derrick Rose Includes First Ad Narration by Tupac Shakur
- Ad of the Day: Facebook Just Made Some of the Truest Ads Ever About Friendship
- Ad of the Day: Epic Audi Spot With Marauding Mechanics Is Ridiculously Fun
- Infographic: How Mobile Ads Are Becoming More Engaging and Accountable
- 10 Simple Ways to Make Your LinkedIn Profile Stand Out
- What Is Branding? This Thought-Provoking Video Tells You in Just 2 Minutes
- Do Competing Bottled Water Brands Actually Taste Different? Rhett & Link Find Out
AdFreak is your daily blog of the best and worst of creativity in advertising, media, marketing and design. Follow us as we celebrate (and skewer) the latest, greatest, quirkiest and freakiest commercials, promos, trailers, posters, billboards, logos and package designs around. Edited by Adweek's Tim Nudd and David Griner.


text: I have gone through the lfs 6.5 book 7 times. I have copied all of the commands in the book into scripts so I would not make any typo mistakes. I have been able to boot into the new system 4 times. The problem is that 90% of the stuff that appeared to be getting compiled and installed is no where to be found. I have checked everything I was doing many times over. Everything appeared to be right. Test results showed correctly. Can anyone help me figure out what I am doing wrong? I have wasted over 70 hours. Unpacking tar balls running make, make install, make check, make test and have nothing. Where did all those installs go? I ran export LFS=/mnt/lfs I checked running echo $LFS I made sure I ran the chroot logins correctly. I am completely baffled.


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REPORT: Chris Bosh Would Prefer Four-Year Max Deal
Miami Heat fans should not overreact to any news regarding their big three considering this time a few years back Dwayne Wade was "close" to signing with the Bulls, no one knew where Lebron James was going and Chis
Dwight Howard (Ankle) Out Tonight
Dwight Howard will miss tonight's game against Minnesota with ankle issues.
When Will Orlando Forgive Dwight Howard
How will the Magic fans react to Dwight Howard return to Orlando?
Tuck: Orlando Magic Taking The High Road With Dwight Howard
The Magic make the right move honoring Dwight Howard tonight with a video tribute.
Magic Center Nik Vucevic Ready to Take On Dwight Howard
Orlando Magic center, Nikola Vucevic is ready to take on Dwight Howard and the Houston Rockets but it's not for the reason you may be thinking of. Vucevic is a young center in the league and wants to see
ELOOnline : 25 Best Magic Players of All-Time
Dwight Howard will take on the Orlando Magic on Wednesday night as a member of the Houston Rockets. OrlandoMagic.com's John Denton told Tuck and O'Neill that the Magic will honor and show a video highlights of Dwight Howard like
Will the Magic Honor Dwight Howard ?
Tuck and O'Neill talked to OrlandoMagic.com's John Denton about the current state of the Magic franchise as they get set to host Dwight Howard and the Houston Rockets. Why you should listen: Tuck and O'Neill talked to OrlandoMagic.com's John Denton
Dwight Howard In A Better Place
No one needs to remind Dwight Howard how difficult that last few season have been for him.
Dwight Howard All-Star Snub Shows Popularity Decline
For the first time since 2007 Dwight Howard will not be an NBA All-Star starter.
LeBron James Leads All-Star Voting
Miami Heat forward LeBron James is the early top vote-getter for the All-Star Game, edging Oklahoma City's Kevin Durant.


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the cat
Dec 9th, 2001, 01:59 AM
Congratulations are in order for Russian tennis. Because their boys and girls teams won their respctive team titles in Florida. The Russian boys beat Argentina 2-0, to win the Sunshine Cup. And the Russian girls beat Croatia 2-0, to win the Connolly Continental Cup. Congratulations Russia, Russian tennis and Russian tennis fans! And the Russian players, too! You can't forget them!

P.S. - NejedlyKanepi will be ticked off that they didn't even play the doubles.


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The chart-buster mythological epic on 'Life OK' "Devon Ke Dev Mahadev" has witnessed quite a number of new entries till date. The makers keep on introducing new characters in the process of grabbing maximum eyeballs and generate better TRP's.
After witnessing the entry of Amrapali Gupta as Mastyakanya recently the production house is now gearing up for introducing a new character of Indrani very shortly. The production house have approached actress Mansi Sharma to essay the said role.
Last seen in "Aasmaan Se Aage" Mansi had enacted the character of Sandhya, personal assistant of KC's (Apoorva Agnihotri) in the show. Although for this new show of hers Mansi was initially auditioned for the role of Saraswati, later on she was finalized for playing the character of Indrani, Lord Indra's wife as the makers felt she suited better for the latter role.
Mansi will soon start shooting for her track and her entry on the show is scheduled to take place in few days.


text: Hiking is restricted to established trails only. Please remain alert, especially if small children are in your party. Tonto is a natural area with real and unfamiliar hazards. Steep slopes and uneven trails can all be hazardous. The most comfortable time to visit Tonto is between late October and early May. In summer, heat exhaustion can occur rapidly. Please carry ample water, use sunscreen, and wear a hat while hiking the trails. Honeybees live in the caves and crevices along the trails. Wasps are more commonly encountered in the riparian area of the Upper Cliff Dwelling Trail. If you are allergic to insect stings, plan accordingly. Bees and wasps are attracted to sugar, so it is a good idea to carry water instead of sodas. For more information about dealing with bees, click on the link. This is a Word Document. |


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Furby Furblings
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Furblings are pint-sized, 3-inch baby Furbys that interact with Furby Boom and can be used to unlock virtual Furblings in the Furby Boom app.
Furby Party Rockers
from Hasbro
Last year, Hasbro reintroduced Furby and now the fun expands further with Furby Party Rockers. The Party Rockers are about half the size of Furbies. They still have digital eyes, but the eyes do not…


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Full Version:
Replacing Tailgate On 1998 Escort Estate
Ford Owners Club - Ford Forums
Ford Models
Ford Escort Club
January 23, 2011, 7:42 pm
Hi everyone, I have managed to get hold of a decent second hand tailgate for my mate's 1998 (MK7?) Escort estate. I need a bit of help with the fitting of it, though. What's the best way to go about it? Also, is it always a must that you use de-ionized water when flushing a radiator and replacing the anti-freeze? Thanks : )
January 30, 2011, 1:39 am
The wiring can be a pain in the tail gate, but when you unbolt it and lift it away, clean the boot mounts as a lot of the electrics in the boot are earthed out through the boot hinges
January 30, 2011, 4:05 pm
Me and my mate tried to fit the tailgate, but made a bit of a hash of it. You see, the tailgate I bought had the wiring cut, so me and my friend were going to pull the wiring out of the old tailgate, not realising that it went right round the whole tailgate and not just into the brake light as it looked! Not we are going to have to find a way of running the old wiring back through the tailgate. What's the easiest way of unclipping the rubber grommet that houses the wiring at the top of the tailgate? Thanks : )
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Replacing Tailgate On 1998 Escort Estate
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Metal? Bear-hunting? Glastonbury Rage Against the Metallica Machine
- Music
- June 13, 2014, 00:00
Metallica will open their headlining slot at the Glastonbury festival in two weeks' time with a cover of Oasis's Wonderwall. It's a neat move, repl(...)
Screen Writer brings metal to the movies
- Film
- June 7, 2013, 00:00
Long before the rest of culture caught up and decided that everything was ironic – this, younger readers, was in the time before post-irony – heavy me(...)


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One thing many people should know when entering college, and especially when starting studying for their major of choice, is that it is okay to fail. While some teachers grade harshly arbitrarily, your college professors most likely have good reason for giving you the grade you have received. Usually, that grade is not a reflection on you as a writer, but that you need work. Unless no effort was put into the assignment, your professors will understand that you are a hard-working student.
Your professors are really there to help you, not to be a thorn in your side. So, what to do if you receive a poor mark on a paper/assignment you worked for hours, days, or weeks on?
First, take a deep breath. This is only one assignment. It is not the end of the world.
Second, talk to the professor. Most professors are willing to talk to you about your grades and to discuss how you can improve. Professors have office hours for a reason. Use them to your advantage. Go see them, talk to them about whatever you do not understand,
Third, visit the campus tutoring center. If there is not one already set up, ask the administration to set one up.
Fourth, do not be discouraged. Just because you have done poorly one one assignment does not mean this will become a trend. Put this behind them and try to stay positive.
Fifth, how are your studying habits? Is your room clean? Having a clean room, believe it or not, can really make studying much easier. It creates positive energy in the room. While this may not be true for everyone, it is worth a shot. Make sure you have a nice, quiet place to study and that you will have little to no distractions.


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Words From The Past
When once a republic is corrupted, there is no possibility of remedying any of the growing evils, but by removing the corruption and restoring its lost principles; every other correction is either useless or a new evil. -- (The Spirit of laws by Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu)
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Originally posted on Armor of God:
Source: Uploaded by user via Megan on Pinterest A friend of ours here on the blogs, Right Hook, is asking for prayer for her sister "My sister has been fighting breast cancer for about…
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Originally posted on Biltrix:
It's no surprise that the Obama administration has approved the sale of the abortifacient drug Plan-B in vending machines on college campuses. I'm sorry, I must have missed something… Was there a plan A? After all, they are…
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Originally posted on Catholibertarian:
With the debt crisis causing financial woes for households, the mortgage crisis, and the Federal debt surpassing the $16 Trillion mark their is looming uncertainty and gloom and doom in the air. In addition we need…
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Delegate Bob Marshall sent this out today. Your 2nd Amendment Rights are on the Line! Dear Fellow Patriots, My HB 2340, which says Virginia law enforcement and the National Guard will not enforce any new federal gun control efforts, was … Continue reading
Delegate Scott Lingamfelter sent the email below out today. *ACTION ALERT* The Boneta Bill Passes Full Committee -Heads to the floor of the House of Delegates- **Click here to sign up to receive updates on HB 1430 as it is debated in … Continue reading


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Alan in TN
Love these grips! easy to install, look good, very durable
Read All ReviewsAnthony in BC
I installed Tag XT-1 Anti-Vibration Handlebar it on my 2014 KTM 300 XCW I admit I was sceptical at first but it works. No more numb fingers and after 2 hours of riding no flat front tire feeling.
Read All ReviewsBRIAN in CA
Best sprocket ever! I get two 1000 mile baja rides out of this sprocket. That is 2000 hard miles. No other alum sprocket can do that.
Read All ReviewsDOUG in LA
Love these grips! They help with vibration and hand cramping!
Read All Reviewsanthony in WA
These are perfect for long events as they are soft on your hands. They do wear faster than most grips.
Read All Reviewsmike in NH
bought a set of tag sprockets when the brand I used to use was out of stock. turns out to be a great choice! I use a DID gold race chain and make sure to clean it thoroughly after every ride or two and I can get a whole season of racing and practicing. approx. 80-90hrs. very happy with tag!
Read All Reviews


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With $3 million from the St. David's Foundation, the School of Nursing will improve the health of underserved populations in central Texas and beyond.
Health & Wellness - Community
Welcome to Campus, Everyone!
It's time for Explore UT 2013! Come on down to the Forty Acres and dive...
Post a comment Comments (3)iGive volunteer program attracts dedicated students
In 2009, the School of Information began a unique philanthropy program dubbed iGive...
Comments Off No CommentsMLK Jr. Day march and festival returns
Above is a slide show from last year's Martin Luther King Jr. Day march and celebration....
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Hill Country Horse Club
PO Box 1572
Fredericksburg, TX 78624
All Around winners for the Youth Rodeo Series are:
Eric Tenery, 8 & Under
Kaylee Kramer, 9 - 13
Crystal Wetz, 14-19
50th Annual Harper Frontier Days Open 2D barrel race and Open Team Roping
August 29th - Youth (13 & under) and Open (14 & Over, including adults) Barrels start at 6pm Roping will follow barrel race.
HCHC will open the arena on Equestrian Drive for practice every Tuesday night starting at 6:00pm. The arena will have been watered & worked. Roping will start at 8:30pm. Non-member fees will apply if you do not choose to join HCHC. In adddition, ropers will have a $10 cattle charge ($15 for non-members.)
The Hill Country Horse Club had their Annual Scholarship Fund Trail Ride on Saturday, May 24.
Hill Country Horse Club 2014 youth series is held in the HCHC Arena on Equestrian Drive in Fredericksburg. Dates are as follows:
Friday, April 4th ~ HCHC Youth Rodeo
Friday, May 9th ~ HCHC Youth Rodeo
Friday, May 30th ~ HCHC Youth Rodeo
Friday, July 11th ~ HCHC Youth Rodeo
Saturday, August 9th ~ HCHC Youth Rodeo
Saturday, August 16th ~ Rain out date Finals
You do not need to be HCHC members to compete in the youth rodeo series.
Exhibitions at the Youth Rodeo are open for all ages, including adults.
Membership entitles the applicant to the personal use of the arena facilities at anytime other than conflicting with a scheduled event.
Separate charges will apply for the use of the arena lights at $10.00 per hour.
There is also a $5.00 charge for each non-member/guest that uses the facility, in addition to the charges for lights.
Members are expected to participate to a reasonable degree in club activities, including assisting at events, scheduled work days, promotions, and by exercising voting rights at annual meetings.
Arena rental for events is $200 per day plus proof of insurance.
Copyright 2014 Hill Country Horse Club. All rights reserved.
Hill Country Horse Club
PO Box 1572
Fredericksburg, TX 78624


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The staff was pleasant and helpful. The room I stayed in was spacious but it is in need of updates and there were dead ants in one of the old light fixtures...except for that it was clean. The oldness and wear of the room makes it not appear as clean as it actually is...I'd still go back though...
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Booking.com, Priceline, Expedia and Odigeo so you can book your Olde Tavern Motel & Inn reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
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- Olde Tavern Motel & Inn Orleans, MA - Cape Cod


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The Sylvia M. Ghiglieri Piano Competition
Founded in 1997, the Sylvia M. Ghiglieri Piano Competition is an annual event intended to recognize and promote the musical growth of promising young pianists in grades 5-12. Winners are chosen based on performances held at CSU, Stanislaus each spring and receive cash awards as well as scholarships to attend Summer Music at Stanislaus. In addition, the first prize winner in the Senior Division (grades 9-12) is eligible to perform a solo recital in the Bernell and Flora Snider Music Recital Hall and to attend the Chamber Music Session of Summer Music at Stanislaus on full scholarship. The Chamber Music Session brings together some of California's most outstanding young musicians for ten days of intensive coaching and instruction from artist faculty culminating in a gala performance.
Visit Ghiglieri Piano Competition website for application and further information


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Say Hi to Dani
Life working at BrewDog can take you to the four corners of the Earth and back again. It's never dull, it's very fast-paced and it can be a bit scary. But in a really good way. Like a first date on a rollercoaster.
Dani's someone who knows this all too well. Having started off as a part time member of our bar team in Manchester, she's gone from a student with a few hours a week to one of our full timers in Tokyo! In 2 years she's seen the craft beer scene in the UK explode and now she's experiencing what it's like on the other side of the world.
So how different has it been working in Manchester compared to Tokyo?
"Exciting yet daunting. Japan is so different culturally, but it's an amazing country. It was a big change but definitely one of the coolest things I've done.
We're pretty spoilt in Manchester with so many great beer places and breweries nearby. In Tokyo craft beer is just starting to kick off in a massive way. There are so many cool bars! There are loads of beer fans here – like superfans – and everyone always wants to try everything and be in on it. On opening night there were people queuing hours before. One absolute trooper was determined to be the first guy in and the last one out! The bar itself is awesome – it still feels like a BrewDog bar, but it's really chilled. It's definitely already found its place in the Tokyo scene."
Exciting stuff! So what would you recommend for anyone hoping to get some travel involved with their craft beer career?
"One way is to volunteer at beer festivals – it's a great way to meet people in the industry and to fit travel into a beer career. Often if you volunteer for a few shifts they'll give you free tickets (for when you're not working) and some food, and can probably recommend a hostel/somewhere to stay. It's also great fun and doesn't really feel like work!"
Below: Dani working at Indy Man Beer Con in Manchester
Dani's big into her IPAs, counting Ballast Point Sculpin, BrewDog Jackhammer and Green Flash Palate Wrecker amongst her favourites, but we wanted to know what Japanese breweries she;s discovered and could let us in on...
"I had a Hitachino Nest Beer Dai Dai which is a sour orange IPA which was pretty funky. North Island Brewing from Hokkaido make a punchy IPA as well. Thrashzone in Yokohama is really tiny, but still definitely worth a try!"
Below: BrewDog Manchester, where Dani's craft beer career began
Dani is one of our resident Certified Cicerones. This means she has achieved the second level of the accredited examination programme that tests in-depth beer knowledge from styles and serving to draft systems and storage, but how has that helped in Japan?
"Cicerone helps with loads of different aspects – whether it's having a better grasp of beer styles so you can help a customer find the right beer for them, or finding the perfect beer and food pairing. It's been really useful with the Tokyo bar because the draft system is quite different – it's good to have studied and know what's going on to make sure the beer's being served at its best."
Finally, what's the weirdest experience you've had at BrewDog?
"I was doing a BrewDog stand at The British Embassy cherry blossom party, when the band starting playing Auld Lang Syne seven times in a row on a honky tonk piano. That was kinda odd...!"
There you have it, from Manchester to Tokyo, Dani's taking the craft beer revolution across the seven seas!
Got a question for her? Drop it in the comments!
Posted in - brewdog-news
- Brilliant. So knowledgeable, so talented, so accomplished. Dont look down now my girl.
A great achievement!carfur16.04.2014 - Well done, Dani. Only chatted to you briefly (Id been double fisting all night so might not have made much sense) but it seems you know your stuff! I think you guys are doing well over here. Hope you continue to have fun here and have chances to try more Japanese craft. Theres a lot out there!
Chuwy15.04.2014 - Nice to see more girlies in beer :) Hello Dani! Amanda Dandy14.04.2014
- Good work if you can get it! Hey Dani! H L14.04.2014
- She looks awesome! Nice hair! haha! Wish I could travel that far and wide with my job... Amazing hair14.04.2014


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BitchTapes: Queens of My Feminist Heart
This Friday's mixtape is curated for Bitch from the folks behind the Feminist Playing Cards deck. "Queens of my Feminist Heart" features songs by the hearts of the project, a deck of cards featuring 56 feminist musicians illustrated by 14 feminist artists. The deck showcases musicians who have made strides towards women's equality, whether through their music, career, personal achievements or activism.
The playlist includes: Poly Styrene (X-Ray Spex), Beth Ditto (The Gossip), Corin Tucker (Sleater-Kinney), Cristy Road (The Homewreckers), Kim Gordon (Sonic Youth), Bjork, Grace Jones, Mary J Blige, Debbie Harry (Blondie), Ani DiFranco, Nina Simone and Josephine Baker.
Queen of Hearts: Feminist Musicians Mix from BitchTapes on 8tracks Radio.
Listen to over 100 Bitch-made mixtapes here on 8tracks.com and find out more about the Feminist Playing Cards project here.
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THE ASSOCIATED PRESS DEARBORN, Mich. — A Michigan museum that's home to the chair in which President Abraham…› More
Tagged: Book Reviews
At 80, Don Cherry still hasn't run out of stories, as his new book "Straight Up & Personal" shows. But…› More
By Jenny Barchfield RIO DE JANEIRO -- Pico Iyer has spent the past several decades on the move, incessantly hopping from one…› More
Philip Elliott/The Associated Press Ina Garten is a bestselling cookbook author, an Emmy-winning television host and the…› More
Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield sat down with The Sun to discuss space travel and life on earth while promoting of his new…› More
We know that female politicians are written about differently than their male counterparts in the media. Same with actresses.…› More
Meet the Mo Bros.; Patrick Cote and Nick Ring. The UFC middleweight fighters will take part in the company's Movember…› More
By Deepti Hajela The Associated Press The Casual Vacancy By J.K. Rowling Little, Brown and Company So look, here's the…› More
By Sarah Ratchford THE CANADIAN PRESS TORONTO — Shauna Singh Baldwin's latest book begins with a harrowing scene…› More
Joe Paterno had to be prodded by his family to read the grand jury report regarding Jerry Sandusky and did not…› More


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Posted: Tuesday, September 10, 2013
Professional Development: Introduction to Rubrics
Do you want to save time and still provide meaningful feedback to your students? Using rubrics can do just that. Join us to learn the basics of constructing and using rubrics to assess your students' learning. Presented by Sue McMillen on Thursday, September 19, from 12:15 to 1:30 p.m. in the Professional Development Center, E. H. Butler Library 181B. A light lunch will be provided.
Register at http://bscintra.buffalostate.edu/registration/classdetails.asp?class=3250.


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At the UFC on FOX weigh-ins, check out the main event video between UFC lightweight champion Benson Henderson and Nate Diaz.Subscribe to our channel for more MMA videos like this. Click here: http:// watch video >>
MMA H.E.A.T.'s brings you the weigh-in and staredown from the UFC on FOX 5 main event, UFC lightweight champ Benson Henderson and Nate Diaz. They fight Saturday, December 8, 2012 at the Key Arena in watch video >>
Watch the intense staredown between UFC® lightweight champion Benson Henderson and former champ Frankie Edgar at the UFC® 150 weigh-in. Check http://www.ufc.com for the latest UFC info Watch UFC 150 watch video >>
"Everyone on this dais fights aggressively." Hear from Benson Henderson, Nate Diaz, Rory MacDonald and more at the UFC on FOX post-fight press conference. watch video >>
Benson Henderson successfully defended his UFC lightweight title against formidable adversary Nate Diaz at UFC On FOX 5. Henderson checked in with the UFC On FUEL TV crew to talk about his impressive watch video >>
Lightweight champion Benson Henderson faces the stiffest test of his career at UFC On FOX 5 when he takes on bad boy Nate Diaz. Also on the card, BJ Penn goes to war with Rory MacDonald and "Shogun" watch video >>
DANA WHITE, BENSON HENDERSON, NATE DIAZ, BJ PENN, RORY MACDONALD & SHOGUN RUA TALK TO THE MEDIA TO PROMOTE NEXT WEEK'S UFC ON FOX 5 EVENT. watch video >>
MMA H.E.A.T. brings you the complete UFC on FOX: Benson Henderson vs Nate Diaz pre-fight conference call - LIVE!. UFC® lightweight champion Benson Henderson, Nate Diaz, former UFC light heavyweight c watch video >>
http://www.MMAWeekly.com/ -- UFC lightweight champion Benson Henderson met with the media in Seattle prior to his UFC on Fox 5 main event showdown with Nate Diaz. As with any fight with one of the watch video >>


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Wilderness look to build on SIJHL and Dudley-Hewitt success at Royal Bank Cup
SUMMERSIDE, P.E.I. - One day away from their opening game at the Royal Bank Cup Canadian national junior A hockey championship in Summerside, P.E.I., the Minnesota Wilderness will look to build on earlier successes that helped get them there as they go in search of yet another title.
Are you a newspaper subscriber but you don't have a Digital Access account yet? https://secure.forumcomm.com/?publisher_ID=40&event=subscriber/lookup.
You will need your subscription account number and phone number. Not sure if you have an account? Email us at firstname.lastname@example.com and we can help you.


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Teamson Design Wings and Wheels Train Children's 2-Pc. Table and Chair Set
Item # WX2-422242
- Google+
This item is shipped directly from the factory. To see the expected shipping date, please add to your Shopping Cart. Sorry, no express shipping available. We are unable to ship factory direct items to Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico or APO or FPO addresses.
- Details & Specs
Teamson Design Wings and Wheels Train Children's 2-Pc. Table and Chair Set will get them on track with homework, reading and writing.
A creatively designed and crafted Table and Chair Set, painted in a bright, vivid blue. The top of the Train engine serves as the rectangular-shaped Table, while the Bench-style chair with built-in storage is the engine's back. Made of high-quality durable wood, and handpainted and handcarved by talented artists, so no 2 are exactly alike. Built to last through childhood and beyond, it's an heirloom-quality treasure you'll pass on to an equally precious little person. Some assembly required.
All aboard:- Durable wood construction
- 20 x 26 1/ 10 x 20"h., 42 lbs.
Choo-choo-choose this! Order this ONLINE today!
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my 18 month old likes to go under the computer and play with the computer wires i take him away morethan 3 times and he still goeds back i even try ti get him into other things so today i slapped his hands and told him no is slapping his hands bad
Yes. In general, slapping or hitting of any kind is not the best way to teach any lesson. He learns to hit which is probably not what you want.
Better to distract him or wait until he is occupied until you do computer stuff. A pain but it won't last forever...
I'm going through the same thing right now with my 16 month old graddaughter. She has learned how to turn the computer off at the power strip. It's like the more I try to keep her away from it the more she wants to get to it. Yesterday I put a pack of paper and a small box on top of the power strip so she couldn't see it. Shortly after she comes to meet me and throws the box at my feet !! Had to try really hard not to laugh. I have slapped her hand on occasion but I'm here to tell you it doesn't work. We have the power strip out for our convenience so we will have to reroute that. Can you bundle your wires so he can't get to them or put something in front of the computer desk that he can't move? I have had to remove most of my occasional chairs because she is in to climbing as well. I never had to childproof my house so much with my kids, she keeps me on my toes and is sure to let me know if something needs childproofing. I also have a artificial tree that she loves to grab the spanish moss stuff out from around the tree. That may have to go into hiding for a while. It's not like she doesn't have toys to play with. I'm hoping this is just temporary or she'll move on to something else. Good luck!
Eons ago, our daughter liked to chew on electric cords. I always watched her and pulled her away, but she would not leave them alone. I feared she would bite through to the electric wire itself and injure herself. So, for the first time, I slapped or spanked her, cannot remember which. That was the last time she bit into the electric cords. I would do it that way again when safety is an issue and I don't know how else to resolve the issue. This same daughter had to gate their tv and the electric cords for all the equipment from their son for the same reason. After about 6 months, she was able to put the gate away as he had learned not to touch.
I agree with sheilajoyce. Slapping (or spanking) a kid on the hand is okay just as long as it is NEVER done in anger but to let him know what he did is not okay. And this should only happen in dire situations like when safety of the child is involved. My 2 year old used to play with the cables on the computer and it would scare me to death. I had to spank her just to make her stop. It worked.
I don't have anger issues so I guess it's okay for me. But if you have anger issues, then I don't recommend spanking ever!
I am having the same issues with my 10 month old son. When he is getting into something he shouldn't be(which is all the time) I simply remove him from whatever it is he shouldn't have and firmly say no. He seems to be getting the idea of "no", but certainly does not alway(in fact rarely) listen. Dad thinks it's OK to flick his hand, which obviously isn't really hurting him, but I feel he is a little young yet to do this. I certainly would never spank him at this age, and neither does Dad, but is he too young to start flicking his hand?
I am a big anti smacker,I never smack my kids,1, it doesnt work ,2, its just teaching them to hit people when they arnt happy with what that certain person is doin.I would never flick my ten month old baby ,he is far too young for that,a firm no and taking him away from the wires is enough,my other children have pushed my patience and i could of easily smacked them many times but there is lots of other ways to punish,rather than hitting them


text: A man and a woman had been married some time when the woman began to question her husband. "I know youve been with a lot of woman before. How many were there?" The husband replied, "Look, I dont want to upset you, there were many. Lets just leave it alone." The wife continued to beg and plead. Finally, the husband gave in. "Lets see." he said "There was one, two, three, four, five, six, you, eight, nine..."


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February 2010
Shenae Grimes's Textured Waves
THE STYLE Piecey beach waves with the bleached-out tips to match WHERE l.e.i.'s First Model Citizen event in Westwood, CAWHY WE LOVE IT It could be the easy way Shenae Grimes has let her sun-kissed highlights grow out-or maybe it's the way her roughed-up texture screams of sand and salt water. Either way, this breezy style left us lusting for summer (and the name of her stylist.)
Read MoreLess


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The Gravity Slick Ricker Longboard Deck is designed for Downhill and Sliding. Build a custom complete longboard by adding wheels, trucks, bearings, bearing spacers, risers, hardware, and TLS Complete Longboard Assembly.
Function: Downhill, Sliding Features: W Concave, Gas Pedals, Wheel Wells, Adjustable Wheelbase Material: 8 Ply Maple Length: 35" Width: 9.5" Wheelbase: 24.5" - 26.5" Thickness: 9/16" Hole Pattern: New School Grip: None
Add your own pictures! Tag any photo with #thelongboardstore when posting to Instagram.


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Airhead® Strike Towable Tube
Item # WX2-296409
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This item is shipped directly from the factory. To see the expected shipping date, please add to your Shopping Cart. Sorry, no express shipping available. We are unable to ship factory direct items to Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico or APO or FPO addresses.
- Details & Specs
Airhead® Strike Towable Tube delivers BIG fun for one!
Strike is an incredible value for a full-covered deck tube! It's a 1-rider, 4 1/2' round towable with 4 nylon-wrapped handles and neoprene knuckle guards. The tough PVC bladder is fully encased by a durable double-stitched nylon cover for many summers ahead. Also equipped with a Boston valve for easy inflation and deflation, covered by a neoprene flap.
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NCAAB Basketball - Preview
Towson Tigers vs. UNC Wilmington Seahawks | |
The Towson Tigers and the UNC Wilmington Seahawks will both be gunning for a victory on Monday when they meet at Trask Coliseum. Last time out for Towson, they were a 68-61 winner as they battled College of Charleston at home. They covered in the match as a 4.5-point favorite. In their last action, UNC Wilmington was a 61-52 loser on the road against Hofstra. They failed to cover the 4-point spread as underdogs. Towson: Team record: 16-8 SU, 9-6-1 ATS Current streak: won 4 straight games. is 3-7 SU in its last 10 games on the road When playing on Monday are 3-7 Team record: 6-19 SU, 4-12-2 ATS Current streak: lost 14 straight games. The total has gone OVER in 4 of last 5 games when playing Towson When playing on Monday are 7-3 Towson at William & Mary, Saturday, February 15 UNC Wilmington home to Northeastern, Wednesday, February 12 |


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September 23, 2014
Very warm and cozy.
May 23, 2014
This has a great fit, style, and very robust.
January 13, 2014
A large size that is large
December 20, 2013
Smart, light weight and very warm. exactly what i was looking for at just the right price
November 18, 2013
One of the best examples of this type of product when compared with other similar offers
For full terms and conditions please see our Delivery & Returns policy


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Corn is an important staple and somewhat of a backbone for the Navajo People. It's considered to play an important role to the creation of humanity and is apart of the origin of the Navajo people who call themselves the Dineh people. This corn was photographed in a traditional Navajo Home (hogan) with permission.
Lakota Headdress & Navajo Rugs
Picture taken at the Cameron Trading Post in Northern Arizona on the Navajo Reservation. If you love good frybread, I would suggest you stop here on your way to Flagstaff. They've got the best frybread in the Four-Corners area.


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DHS News April 2014
The Department of Human Services, under the guidance of Latika Davis-Jones, Administrator of the Bureau of Drug and Alcohol Services, is working to transform the way people with substance use disorders progress through recovery.
Davis-Jones heads a leadership team that is planning implementation of a recovery framework that ensures clients receive the support they need throughout their journey to find a successful, lasting end to addiction and mental health problems.
For the past two years, Latika and DHS staff in the Office of Behavioral Health (OBH), along with representatives of Community Care Behavioral Health, Allegheny Health Choices Inc. and providers, has been moving forward the Recovery Oriented Systems of Care (ROSC) approach.
In presentations, Latika and Michael Gruber, OBH Systems Transformation Specialist, explain the ROSC "framework." Based in part on a system used by Philadelphia and in Connecticut, ROSC embraces a chronic disease model of treatment that pulls together drug and alcohol and behavioral health systems into one system designed to be seamless in its support for the patient. This method recognizes the current trend for a more holistic approach to administering behavioral health services.
"Traditionally, people trying to overcome addiction and/or mental health problems have been treated in systems that primarily operate independently. There is not always a 'warm handoff' between, for example, a rehabilitation treatment program and the next level of care, which could be outpatient counseling," Latika said.
While integrating recovery support, ROSC also develops peer leadership; promotes community health, wellness and recovery capital; facilitates cross-system partnerships; and aligns administrative structures.
It uses a single point of accountability; certified peer specialists; wellness coaching and such in-community supports as housing, mobile medication and drop-in centers.
Statistics presented by the ROSC workgroup show that the current system, which treats episodes of substance use disorder, has a low retention rate. Only half of all people who enter intensive treatment remain in it after 28 days and by 90 days, only 23.6 percent of cases are continuing care. Relapse rates are greater than 50 percent, and follow-ups are conducted for a maximum of 27 percent of cases.
"Treating a chronic health condition in an acute care model doesn't work well," said Latika, who holds a doctorate in social work and teaches at the University of Pittsburgh.
Stats from Philadelphia show a 36 percent decrease in crisis utilization for people in a ROSC-framed system and a decrease in costs for inpatient psychiatric services of close to a half a million dollars in a one-year period.
Connecticut's figures are even more dramatic. They include a 46 percent decrease in the number of people served statewide; a 62 percent decrease in acute care treatment; and a 40 percent increase in outpatient care.
In the coming months, Latika and others will be talking more to those involved in both substance use disorder and mental health treatment to make them understand the urgency behind the need to switch to ROSC. Modifications to language, practices, regulatory environment and policy and procedures will be required as well as building community support.
Invitations have been sent to 22 people, asking them to serve on a Recovery Advisory Committee to further assist with developing the vision and mission for the ROSC transformation process in Allegheny County. Stakeholders, providers, representatives of the criminal justice and, consumers, advocates are among those who will be on the committee.
"We believe they will be the sounding board, the champions of this work," Latika said. "We are going to raise the bar."
For more information on ROSC, contact Latika at 412-350-3857 or via e-mail.
The Department of Human Services Recovery Oriented Systems of Care workgroup has been asked by the Office of National Drug Control Policy to be part of its learning community to share its experiences in planning and implementing the treatment framework. The Allegheny County group is the only group in Pennsylvania invited to participated, said Latika Davis-Jones, Administrator of the DHS Bureau of Alcohol and Drug Services.
DHS News Newsletter DHS News Archive


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What does FPIF mean in Military?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand FPIF in the Governmental field in general and in the Military terminology in particular.
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Bloomberg reports that the downed spy plane was flying over Abkhazia, a state seeking independence that fought a civil war against Georgia in the 1990s and maintains close ties with Moscow. Mr. Saakashvili said Monday he had telephoned Russian President Vladimir Putin and asked him to end attacks on Georgian territory and to stop his backing for Abkhazia and South Ossetia, another breakaway state.
Russia has denied that it shot down the spy plane. Last week, Mr. Putin ordered his government to protect the "rights, freedoms, and lawful interests" of Russians living in the two disputed territories. Georgia views this as a step toward annexation, and some Western governments have criticized the move. US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice said Friday she had called her Russian counterpart to express concern over tensions with Georgia and said the US was "absolutely committed" to Georgia's territorial integrity, Xinhua reported.


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League One club Notts County have signed midfielder Gavin Mahon on a pay-as-you play deal until January next year.
The 34-year-old began his career at Wolves and has also played for Hereford, Brentford, Watford and QPR.
He was released by the Premier League newcomers at the end of last season.
The Magpies are also hoping to sign an unnamed striker in time for Saturday's League One game at Preston.


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A total of 6 Overlays to add that gorgeous finishing touch to any project! There are 3 sets of overlays: each set consists of a light/medium overlay with "normal" detailing, and a second overlay in the same pattern with "enhanced" details for a different look. These are designs drawn from the Ebru / Turkish style of water painting (also known as paper marbling).
Overlays are an essential tool in the designers toolbox and these are definately ones you will want.
Contains: 6 JPG 12" x 12" Overlays
Commercial Use, PU, S4H, S4O Freebies are allowed (when added to a kit or combined with another element). Credit is not required, though always appreciated.
Product 100/146