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Borman Motor Company
Welcome to Borman Motor Company! Located in Las Cruces, NM, Borman Motor Company is proud to be one of the premier dealerships in the area. From the moment you walk into our showroom, you'll know our commitment to Customer Service is second to none. We strive to make your experience with Borman Motor Company a good one – for the life of your vehicle. Whether you need to Purchase, Finance, or Service a New or Pre-Owned Ford, you've come to the right place. Call 888-443-9457 for your No-Obligation Internet Price Quote from our Internet Department.


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$60 for one night. The bathtub had cigarette ashes and dirt. The floor had dog food and dirt. The ceiling fan in the bathroom was hanging by one screw.. water was warm for two minutes in the shower. The clerk was an airhead. Location okay by Wal-Mart and food places and WiFi is good. But overall not worth $60. This... More
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Number of rooms: 29
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Well guys, i own a all camo mossberg 500. Everything is literally camo on it. Not exactly my taste but i got it in a combo package from a friend years ago. I have plenty of other shot guns that i use for hunting and i want to turn this into my home protection/ SHTF riot shot gun. I am having the hardest time finding a pistol grip stock that is camo aswell. Anyone know where to get one? I can post photos of the shot gun later tonight. I have searched for hours and have been unable to find anything. Thank you for your time.
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ATI makes a pistol grip camo stock....now are you wanting a butt stock w/pistol grip,or just pistol grip?
Wow i just realized i totally posted this in the range report section. Could a mod please move this to shotgun discussion for me. Thank you. Sorry for my stupid mistake. m72law - I am looking for just the pistol grip with no butt stock.
I have the same Mossberg 500 shotgun that came all camo'd up from the factory. When I converted it from a long turkey gun to a short barreled HD gun, I just got some of the rattle cans of the ultra flat camo paint available everywhere from places like Home Depot, Walmart and Lowes, cut some stencils for shape and went to town matching the existing camo pattern and color. It's real easy to do and since you're only talking about a small pistol grip, it shouldn't require too much work to make it look great.
Nice looking Mossberg. I ordered a Hogue Pistol grip for $23 bucks. Looks like i am going to wait a few days till it gets here, try to camo it up a little and bolt it on. Hopefully a mod can move this soon still
It's moved.
thank you....


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Credits & Info
- Uploaded
- Feb 8, 2005 | 2:39 PM EST
If you liked this, check these out!
Captain Low-Rez Ep.2 by kaizoboy
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- Rated E
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Plenty more like this here!
Captain Low-Rez Behold, it's Captain Low-Rez! 25 pixels of spacefaring courage!
Author Comments
Episode One: Captain Low-Rez and the Pixel of Destiny!
The Captain Low-Rez series originally appeared on Newgrounds in January of 2001, but was never submitted via the Portal. It is in the process of being moved into the Portal system, for consistency.
Rated 3.5 / 5 stars
It was quite good
I find it fun thought, but the movie coulda been longer and a little more in a story.
Rated 4 / 5 stars
I remember this trilogy in back in 2000...
Note: I judge every old and new flash submission by the standards of today, and by my opinons and taste in entertainment.
Graphics: Very ironic. This could've been a cool cartoon on the Atari 2600 almost 25 years ago!. That really SHOULD'VE been done on the Atari 2600!, ( Along with the kick-ass Blastopod game to come with it! )
Style: If this trilogy was a cartoon series, ( On the Atari 2600, along with the awesome blastopod game to come with it ), it would've been a mega-huge hit!. Seriously Atari, why in the f**k didn't you guys make any cartoons on the 2600??. ( Maybe the 2600 wasn't capable of that kind of technology ). This trilogy, ( And the Blastopod game ), is filled with tons of style!.
Sound: Very ironic. The retro-style voicework is stylish, ironic, and kinda humorous!. ( So are the retro sound effects )
Violence: Bunches of pixels flying around that imitate lasers, it blends in perfectly with the overall feel of the cartoon.
Interactivity: Whack at buttons preloader
Humor: Not everyone likes this kind of humor, ( I certainly do! ),
But for those that do, it has it's share of well-done comic relief elements.
Overall: This is a trilogy i'll never forget. It was awesome in 2000, and it's just as awesome as it is today!, ( In 2005 of course ), excellent work Matt!.
( P.S.: I sent you an e-mail regarding the trilogy before the Captain Low-Rez cartoons were uploaded to the portal )
Rated 5 / 5 stars
This movie was the coolest ... I just had to give it a 10 for the simple fact that the low bit graphics totally add so much to the movie. I think this is the most entertaining movie that i have seen on the internet so far (granted, i haven't been watchin' them until recently) ... I give it ... two thumps up!
Rated 4.5 / 5 stars
Dude, Capin' low-rez is the man
the only reason i gave this bad graphics scoe is because it is supposed to look bad
Rated 5 / 5 stars
This was AWESOME!!!
This is definitely the best sprite animation I have EVER seen, because it is basically making fun of all sprite animations! Hilarious! The "Alieons!" LOL!


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#8 Los Angeles Kings vs. #2 St. Louis Blues
Posted 06 May 2012 - 05:56 PM
- LidsFan likes this
Posted 06 May 2012 - 06:21 PM
This was so funny I had to set it as my sig.
Posted 06 May 2012 - 07:28 PM
Posted 06 May 2012 - 07:50 PM
- Nightfall likes this
Posted 06 May 2012 - 09:37 PM
Posted 06 May 2012 - 10:39 PM
Now. Back to your regularly scheduled posting....
"He even ate with women who at that time were accorded the same status as the family donkey. Are we willing to break bread with, say, child sex slaves, transgender teens and undocumented workers? Because when Jesus comes back to Earth, that's where he'll be hanging."
You can easily judge the character of a man by how he treats those who can do nothing for him.
Posted 07 May 2012 - 12:50 AM
Best Coach in the league and you suck it up to the Kings and IMO best team of the Playoffs.
Glad the Mullets in Missiery dont get to cheer on a team that plays a sport they dont even understand.
No its not first down if you get hit at the blue line...
Edited by Cali-Wing-Nut, 07 May 2012 - 12:51 AM.
- AceInTheSleeve likes this
Posted 07 May 2012 - 12:53 AM
Kann man nicht binden sind nicht verwandt
In Funken versunken steh ich in Flammen
und bin im Wasser verbrannt
Im Wasser verbrannt
Posted 07 May 2012 - 01:12 AM
Current LGW Whippin' Boy: Back-up goalies and Franzen's contract
Posted 07 May 2012 - 02:39 AM
- Rick D likes this
The Offseason of truth ...
Welcome to hockeytown Jonas aka Lundquist 2 Gustavsson!
blank cheque for The Captain or Jim Star Nil please..
<< Win it for Mr. Hockey ! f*** this league
Posted 07 May 2012 - 04:31 AM
However, the Blues took multiple steps forward this season. It'll be interesting to see if it was another flash in the pan or if they can build on this season.
Posted 07 May 2012 - 06:36 AM
With Prust, Rupp, and Bickel, the Rangers are already the toughest team still in the playoffs. IMO Scott won't see a playoff game unless there are injuries.Cheering hard for Rags Kings. The two Vezinafrontrunners faceing each other one and one. You gotta wonder how much longer Tortarella will sit Scott?
Posted 07 May 2012 - 09:19 AM
Posted 07 May 2012 - 12:03 PM
Saw this on another board
Posted 07 May 2012 - 03:26 PM
Anyway, we long suffering Kings fans are pretty stoked to be where we are. Of course it will all be for nothing if we don't win the Cup!
Edited by lars1970, 07 May 2012 - 03:27 PM.
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Maybe I was a bit too hyped by all the reviews on here giving it top scores. I wouldn't put it in the top of my list but it's definitely not a bad sipping rum. I found it a bit simple and not super rich. For a similar price I would suggest the Angostura 1919 instead as a superior choice.
15th August 2014
Tried this rum at the Distillery with my wife in Barbados in 2013. Cracking bartender - once he realised we liked and knew our rums he introduced us to some really lovely ones. And this was right up there near the top. Simply delicious.
27th February 2014
I never thought rum would ever be something I enjoyed drinking on the rocks but this is a huge leap above the kinds of rum I'm used to drinking. tastes of vanilla, cinnamon, nutmeg; buttery and sweet, no hotness or bite. very smooth and delicious!
8th October 2013
A lovely smooth rum very much in the flavour profile of Mount Gay XO very little between these two rums. If you are looking for a good rum try R L Seale's, gorgeous rum which hits the spot. I shall be getting more of this.
28th August 2013
Even my friends who don't normally like rum thought this was good, it's really warming and tastes of caramel and vanilla. Lush
26th June 2013


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Juke Kartel Radio Play
Help me wake up the radio stations in the US. Please sign this petition to get Juke Kartel hitting the air waves.. If you love them much as I do let others know about this petition to get them the air time they deserve.
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Jenn, United States
7 years ago Comments: These guys are totally amazing... as people, singers, and performers!!
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8 years ago Comments: WAKE UPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP!!!!!!
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'Hometown Hall of Famer' Jurgensen honored at alma materBefore he was named to the NFL's 1960s All-Decade Team, before playing 18 seasons with the Washington Redskins and Philadelphia Eagles and before he was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame and North Carolina Sports Hall of Fame, Sonny Jurgensen started his gridiron career as a quarterback for the New Hanover High School Wildcats. Disclaimer: Comments posted on this, or any story are opinions of those people posting them, and not the views or opinions of WWAY NewsChannel 3, its management or employees. » |
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Philippine police commandos and officers (R) along with an international peace monitoring team (L) inspect high powered firearms at a military camp in Cotabato, in the southern island of Mindanao on February 18, 2015, after they were returned by Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) rebels who took them during a firefight with police commandos tasked in arresting international terrorist Zulkifli bin Hir, better known as "Marwan" near an MILF territory. The Philippine government has demanded from MILF leadership that firearms belonging to police commandos killed last month during a bloody police raid, and were taken by rebels during the firefight, be returned. AFP PHOTO / Mark NavalesMARK NAVALES/AFP/Getty Images
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WILMINGTON -- A man accused of kidnapping and raping five women in New Hanover and Wake Counties has been sentenced to 40 years in prison.
Omar Sharpe plead guilty to all nine charges he faced in New Hanover County, including first-degree rape and kidnapping.
The charges stem from a June crime spree.
Sharpe pleaded guilty to raping three other women in Wake County December 31.
He was given at least 40 years in each county, the sentences will run simultaneously.


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Texas Capital Bancshares Announces Q4 2012 Earnings Conference Call & Webcast
Texas Capital Bancshares, Inc. (NASDAQ: TCBI), the parent company of Texas Capital Bank, will hold a conference call and webcast to discuss fourth quarter results on Wednesday, January 23, 2013 at 5:00 p.m. EST. The related press release will be issued at 4:00 p.m. EST.
This call is being webcast by Thomson Reuters to both institutional and individual investors. Investors may access the webcast via http://investors.texascapitalbank.com.
The conference call only portion may be accessed through the following numbers:
Domestic Dial In: | 888.680.0869 | |||
International Dial In: | 617.213.4854 | |||
Passcode: |
85101101 |
A replay of the conference call will be available from January 23 rd through February 6 th and can be accessed at the following numbers:
Domestic Dial In: | 888.286.8010 | |||
International Dial In: | 617.801.6888 | |||
Passcode: |
77631904 |
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My husband affectionately calls me "Daneen the Clutter Queen." He's right: Parting with products absolutely pains me. I keep products I haven't used for years and will never wear again, and I'm not alone. Do you know that 34% of women admit to having more than 20 products stored in their medicine cabinet, and 27% of women admit to having a product in their medicine cabinet that has been there for more than 3 years?
But, there comes a time in every beauty addict's life when every bathroom shelf is stocked, every drawer is overflowing, and there's no room for the new things you'll inevitably buy. That's when a cosmetics connoisseur needs to get creative.
I recently discovered a product that will free up space, save you money and get your spouse/partner off your case.
Thanks to the geniuses at Vaseline, women no longer have to choose between what they need (deep hydration) and what they want (fresh fragrance and non-greasy feel) in a moisturizer. Vaseline Total Moisture Lotion has a thick formula, hydrates for 24 hours, smells clean, and takes the place of the three or four lotions that are likely taking up prime real estate in your medicine cabinet.
I apply Vaseline Total Moisture Clean Feeling Lotion in the morning to quench my Sahara-dry dermis, and my skin stays hydrated and silky smooth all day. And while it works like magic, there is actually some hard core science behind this beauty breakthrough. Stratys-3, a multi-layer moisturizing complex, infuses and suspends moisture across multiple layers of the skin (the top, the core and deep down). The revolutionary patented technology of Stratys-3 combines three powerful ingredients – Glycerol Quat, Glycerin and Hydroxy Ethyl Urea – to deliver serious multilayer moisture.
Nearly two-thirds of women own more than one body lotion, and almost one-fourth own more than four. How many lotions are currently cluttering up your medicine cabinet? Tell me in the comments for a chance to win a 10 oz. sample of Vaseline Total Moisture!
To enter, leave a comment below – telling me how many lotions you currently own. The contest is open to U.S. residents only. Contest ends on Monday, August 13 at 5pm ET. I'll announce FIVE winners then.
Bonne chance, beauties!
Disclaimer: This post is sponsored by Vaseline, however, all opinions expressed are my own.


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What's New
New artworkNew picture gallery view
New utilities
Corrected picture
Various bug fixes
App Description
Pocket Guide to UK Dragonflies is a guide to the dragonflies and damselflies of the United Kingdom, Scotland and Wales.***** Special introductory price limited time only *****
Containing over 100 examples of Dragonfly and Damselfly found around the British Isles. The guide is ideal for helping identify these delightful insects when out for casual family walks, rambling, garden spotting or just days out walking in the countryside enjoying the wild meadows, ponds, lakes, rivers and streams.
You can scroll through views of dragonflies and damselflies arranged by family, conservation status and colour or use the various search capabilities to locate these insects by colour using a primary/secondary colour, by using the text search (wildcards are supported) or the picture gallery.
All the entries have a description and resizable colour photograph for each entry with information on specific characteristics, there are also links to useful websites and other reference information.
You may bookmark any entries to the bookmark view and even add your own custom notes to any entry or use the counter feature to track number of sightings.
Facebook and twitter capabilities allow posting to your wall or feeds.
Other utilities are included such as a flashlight and compass, day and night weather prediction view for around the next 5 days (nb. UK only, use the map to set the location pin), moon phases and sunrise/sunset, moon rise/set and twilight start/set and a range and height finder.
App Changes
September 26, 2013 Price Decrease: $4.99 -> $0.99
September 26, 2013 New version 2.0.6
August 31, 2012 New version 2.0.2
July 23, 2012 Initial Release


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Networking with Norcal BMA members has been a rewarding experience. Soon, after the presentation that I gave on "Transforming Lead Management", I was pleased to discover that one of the audience, an executive from a large technology company, had circulated my slides within their company. This connection has resulted in a number of high level relationships and new business for my company. I look forward to more interactions with the BMA."
Kathleen Schaub
Vice President
IDC CMO Advisory Service
Amir Zamanian
Regional Sales Manager
"NORCAL BMA recruits top-‐notch speakers that address real-‐world topics relevant to my marketing efforts. Not only does this help me to be more effective, it attracts higher-‐quality members for better networking opportunities."
Paula Phipps
Senior Software Product Marketing Manager
Hitachi Data Systems
"Working overseas the past few years, I missed the opportunity BMA provided to learn new marketing best practices and mingle with my peers. Since getting back involved with NorCal BMA late last year, my participation has helped hone my skills in social media, marketing automation, lead nurturing, customer experience and more."
Jane Wang
Global Marketing Communications Professional
"By participating in NorCal BMA I achieve three vital professional goals: 1) I keep up with the latest knowledge from leading marketing experts, 2) I network with other professionals from across Silicon Valley and 3) I share my knowledge with other marketers. The BMA is key to my continued career growth."
Tony Harris
Senior Marketing Leader
"Involvement in NorCal BMA has benefitted me in so many unexpected ways. Upon joining the Board in 2010, I was able to apply insights learned from my just-completed social media strategy certification course to my new director of social media role. After two years in that capacity, I was elected president of the chapter, where I've had the opportunity to recruit some talented B2B marketing friends and work together with them to turn the chapter around from six straight years of steady decline to winner of the Large Chapter Growth Award at the Global BMA Conference this May. Recently, a contact I made through BMA led to my new job as a general manager at The Innovation Games® Co. I'm always gratified to hear fellow members who have also found invaluable connections and job opportunities as a direct result of BMA-related introductions I helped facilitate. When I think about great return on investment, NorCal BMA has delivered big time. The great results I've experienced has motivated me to continue as president of the chapter for a second term"


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Space where guests can cook their own meals
Towels, bed sheets, soap, and toilet paper
Central heating or a heater in the listing
In the building, free or for a fee
Continuous access in the listing
Breakfast is provided.
The listing can accommodate a gathering of 25 or more attendees
Easy access to the building and listing for guests in wheelchairs
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The Space
***I am a familly man who lives every second week with my two daughters, 16 and 10 years old. We share the kitchen and bathroom.***
We live in the very center of Copenhagen, very near to all transport means. 20 mn from the airport with a direct metro to Nørreport station, which again is at a 7 mn walking distance to my place. You can walk in 2 mn to the lakes and you will find a beautiful park just around the street corner. It takes 5 mn to walk to the City Hall. The flat lyes on the ground floor with access to a big great garden. Though in the Center of Copenhagen, the place is very quiet. You don't hear cars and the neighborhood is quiet. The room is very light with view to the garden. It is situated towards south so you get the sun the most part of the day, if we are lucky to have a sunny day :-) The adjacent street is called 'Little Paris', it has a nice atmosphere with few bars and restaurants. It takes 15 mn walking distance to the main cinemas, Tivoli and all the main attractions. It is possible to rent bikes on the next street and you will find a supermarket open everyday until 9PM. Just great ! * A baby bed can be provided if needed for an extra 100 Dkr charge.* We like you to feel home. Welcome.
Guest Access
You have access to the kitchen and bathroom. You can use the washing machine and let your clothes dry in our common drying room.
Interaction with Guests
I do respect my guests privacy but also enjoy good discussions. I enjoy as well when possible to sit around the table and share meals.
The Neighborhood
The neighborhood is great. It is a well-known area with good restaurants and cafes. It is as well a quiet and charming area.
Getting around
You can find close by all means of transport e.g trains, metros, buses only few minuttes away.
I live with my 2 daughters: 15 & 8 years old. They are behaving very nicely and they respect the guests. We share the bathroom and kitchen, which I always keep clean. You are free to come and go and take a shower whenever you feel like. You are welcome to cook.
We felt relaxed and at home in Bertrand's place within minutes. He seemed genuinely pleased to see us and the apartment was lovely. The description was spot on, everything we needed was available and the location good. We were able to explore different parts of the city each day, each time walking there from the apartment. Shops etc just round the corner too. Bertrand was friendly and helpful throughout - clearly deserving his status as 'superhost'!
Bertrand is the best host . He does everything for you a feeling of a home to give. The bedroom is charming, warm and cozy. Everything is clean , kitchen etc. can be used in full. He gives you great tips on gastronomy and culture , if you come rather unprepared to Copenhagen. He told me a lot about life in Copenhagen and culture . If you have time , drinking a cup of tea with him! :) The apartment is located in a wonderful area in the center . From the very nearby station you come anywhere quickly. Many Thanks! We would definitely come back !
Bertrand and his two daughters are very friendly, provides us with a very comfortable room, the bed is good, the location is good , the surrounding landscape is very beautiful, Everything was perfect! we feel like at home, very comfortable!thanks!
Malgré je sois arrivée chez Bertrand avec le moral à zéro et sans mon copain, l'accueil chaleureux et familial de Bertrand m'a fait sentir comme chez moi! La chambre est spacieuse et confortable et en plein centre ville: juste à côté il y a un marché couvert extraordinaire pour manger et prendre le petit dèj: le cappuccino est très bon!! Merci encore Bertrand!
Bertrand is nice and hospitable. Though he got some problems with his back, he tried to make us feel at home. The position is quite easy to be found and there is a metro station nearby.
Perfect place on walking distance of the city center in a rather quiet neighbourhood. Cosy room facing a green back yard. I had wonderful talks with friendly & liberal Bertrand about (world) travelling, Denmark and life in general. Highly recommended.
Bertrand Dubois was very kind. I felt welcome. The location is ideal for visiting Copenhagen.
Open minded and delighted to meet new people, I am an easy-going person and ready to help when possible. I have travelled quite a lot as a student but also during my professional career. I have enjoyed living and sleeping the hard way during my travels to remoted parts of India or Mozambique and many other places but I don't mind staying in a luxury hotel :-) The most important is the experience I get from my travelling. Looking very much forward to meeting you.
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Schedule TBA
©2015 Belle-Clair Speedway All rights reserved
A new & Special Promotion for the Fans, where the adults and youngsters get to come down on the track at intermission and meet the drivers at their cars for autographs and photo op's. Another exciting weekly racing week once again that continues to thrill the fans! The close wheel to wheel action is what makes Belle-Clair one of most exciting in the area! Adult general admission: $12 Kids 12 & under are FREE as always! Gates open at 5:00 PM Hot laps at 6:30 with Racing at 7:00 PM Classes Running: Kettler & Sons UMP Latemodels, Aarons UMP Modifieds, BOSS Chassis 600cc Outlaw Micro Sprints and Belleville Automotive Pure Stocks
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MyRacePassTM is your ticket to the online motorsports world. Tired of having to remember your username and password for countless different racing websites? MRP is a globally recognized login across a vast network of motorsports websites (including this site). Having your "MyRacePass" account will handle your username, password, profile picture, and all account information for any website on the network. You will be notified of updates to the network as it continues to grow. We thank you for being a part of this ground-breaking motorsports online experience.


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Iron Man is a total dick in Grand Theft Auto IVMachinima's Adam Kovic and John Yniguez have a new series where they mess with different mods for Grand Theft Auto IV. The first episode sees them flying around Liberty City as Iron Man, and as it turns out, he's kind of a dick. Comments not appearing? Anti-virus apps like Avast or some browser extensions can cause this. Easy fix: Add [*].disqus.com to your software's white list. Tada! Happy comments time again.
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Assassin's Creed Unity headlines this week's Deals with Gold for Xbox One
Microsoft's Larry "Major Nelson" Hryb has revealed this week's Deals with Gold -- discounts that are... Read More
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|We're almost done with one quarter of 2015, and we've already had some pretty great PC games that are exclusive to... Read More
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|The patch that frees Assassin's Creed Unity from the shackles imposed by the Assassin's Creed Unity Companion... Read More
|Ubisoft is finally removing one of the dumbest restrictions from Assassin's Creed Unity. Previously, certain content and... Read More
|Yesterday, Ubisoft announced that the Assassin's Creed movie has offically entered production. So far, we know that the... Read More
|Amazon has slashed the price of Far Cry 4 in half. For the next 15 hours you can snag it for $29.99 thanks to the... Read More
|Ubisoft's Assassin's Creed movie has officially entered production and will begin shooting soon, Ubisoft's Chief... Read More
|The success of Ubisoft's heavy-hitters -- Assassin's Creed, Far Cry 4, and The Crew -- led to a successful third... Read More
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I'm new to home brewing, only a couple months in, but of course, it's consuming my every free thought. I've completed a couple extracts, will be doing my second partial mash this weekend, and I'm exploring the possibilities of jumping into an all grain (possibly too soon?). I've watched a ton of videos on youtube and have also read up a good bit on all grain methods. I'm feeling fairly confident that I'd like to at least give it a shot. The problem is, I live in an apartment, with limited working space, and no ability to cook outside with a 30qt pot and propane burner. I'm thinking...I've got what I think is about a 10 gallon Coleman cooler I can convert into a mash tun. Split the difference for my mash water volume between (2) 4-5 gallon pots on the electric stove. Bring the water to temp, mash in the cooler, and heat up my sparge water in the same fashion. Vorlauf, sparge as directed, and split the wort between my (2) pots on the stove for the boil. I could split the hop additions equally between the two pots, chill, and combine both pots of wort into my primary at the end. Shake up the carboy, pitch the yeast, and voila! I feel like this is a dumb question, because it really does make sense to me, but I would greatly appreciate some feedback, and please, feel free to let me know if anyone has tried or currently uses this method.
Jump on in. It's not much harder and gives you a more of a "from scratch" feel to homebrewing. I brewed 3 extract batches then went allgrain from there. I was all self tought so I'm sure I have some bad habits, but still produce beer I love to drink. I have actually never watched someone brew that I have not tought. So you really can get the process down just by reading a little.
i recently started doing all grain on the stove top. i cant boil more than 4 gallons, i dont guzzle tons of beer, and i like to experiment. so my answer was to do 3 gallon batches. i have a mashtun, and my 5 gallon boil kettle and it works great. it gets your "per batch" cost down quite a bit too. learn to harvest yeast and you can brew a batch for under $10.
Go all grain and never look back... I've never used extract, but t seems like I might as well go get a six pack from the grocery store if I were brewing with powder and syrup... All grain is great, and I can;t imagine doing it any other way.
On Deck: Saison "Jardin d'été" (3rd Gen 3711, Wild bugs, Pale ale malt, wheat, Willamette dry hop) Primary: Saison "Vomissure de Grenouille" (2nd Gen 3711 from dregs, Pale Ale malt, Crystals and Willamettes) Secondary: BM45/Spontaneous Bugs Experiment (down to 1.004, and tastes awesome), contemplating what fruit to add.
I'm new to all grain as well, but I don't think I'll go back to extract now that I jumped into the deep end. There are a lot of people here that do the same thing your talking about. I dug around on this forum and got every answer I needed to make great beer. Take a look at the DIY section and you can build everything you need.
I jumped into all-grain from brew number 1. It came out so-so, drinkable but not great. I knew what my mistakes were. I fixed the mistakes and they've been coming out good since. I owe that to a lot of good advice here. I also split batches on the stove for winter, on account of I'm a cold weather pansey. Works fine. I say go for it, and if the first doesn't come out quite right, keep going. I love the process as much as the beer.
Agreed! I went all grain for my second ever batch. Its really not that big of a step! I did the same thing you did, watched all the youtube videos, researched....made a DIY chiller and converted a cooler into a mash tun. It was easy, and much more satisfying! You are ready. Just do it!
Here's to a long life, and a merry one; a quick death, and an easy one; a pretty girl, and an honest one; a cold beer - and another one!
do it. go all grain. spent almost a year messing with extract, and while i made some great beer, wish i had gone all grain sooner. why not just brew 2 or 3 gallon batches which you could handle doing with your space constraints? I have a buddy who does nothing but 2.5 gallon batches, it might not be a ton of beer, but it allows him to brew alot more often which I think for the most of us is more than half the enjoyment! DO IT! A nice nice all grain setup can be head for around a hundred dollars if you shop around...
Primary1: Cider 4 Primary2: Session XX Pale Ale Primary3: Twonty Riy Primary4: Dirty Southern Blonde Corny1: Southern Blonde Corny2: sierra madre pale ale (nb) Bottled: A bunch of stuff


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05+ single din dash Kit, BLACK w/ harness
Attachment 42314
Just like the title says, single din, black, dash kit, with wiring harness Brand new in box. will take $15 plus shipping. |
do you still have this? I'm out in the 91107 area of Cali, lemme know. I have cash in hand.
still have it?
All times are GMT -7. The time now is 02:20 PM. |


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Is there a closer controversy brewing for the Chicago Cubs? Although we're just one week into the 2014 season, there's already a growing concern that Jose Veras might not be the right pitcher to handle ninth-inning duties for the team.
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Rumor Central represents regular tips and analysis from ESPN sources plus numerous credible external sources from every form of media. We will speculate intelligently and consider future possibilities on open-ended topics. If something looks speculative, it was intended to be.


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Play Traffic City Game. PoliceGames.net is a great place to play free Police Games. Traffic City Games. Free police to play games. police games can play. police games |
There is a traffic jam. Your task is to manage the road traffic. You can change the traffic lights so that cars will stop or start. Try to avoid the cars in order to get more points. You can also send your score at the end of the game. Enjoy this funny game! |
Start Game |


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Industry first, company second for sharp stock picking
PUBLISHED: 22 Jul 2013 00:16:32 | UPDATED: 22 Jul 2013 05:32:56PUBLISHED: 22 Jul 2013 PRINT EDITION: 22 Jul 2013WaveStone Capital director Catherine Allfrey is fascinated that many bank analysts didn't thump the table last year urging investors to buy bank stocks before they rose up to 40 per cent.
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Companies | Commonwealth Bank., News Corp, Crown Ltd |
People | David Murray, Ralph Norris |


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Sponsored by: Brakes Plus
Mar 6, 2012 5:29 PM by Mike Madson
As a cold front races into Colorado, windy, warm and dry will be the weather words (until the front gets here), with significant changes Wednesday and Thursday. The front will arrive at the Palmer Divide around 5 AM Wednesday, bringing colder air and an increasing chance of rain and snow, then just snow Wednesday night and Thursday. The coldest highs will be Thursday (20s/30s), with a recovering Friday and a warming weekend. Travel will be especially challenging Wednesday night and Thursday, with areas of snow and wind, as well as widespread fog.
2 months ago


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RIPON - Demonstrating superior achievement in the development and application of agricultural mechanics, Ripon High FFA member Matt Fields was awarded the State Agricultural Mechanics Design and Fabrication Entrepreneurship and Placement Proficiency Award at the 82nd State FFA Leadership Conference in Fresno.
LATHROP - The Lathrop High School Athletic Booster Club will be hosting a benefit dinner / dance on Saturday, May 15.
Want to know how it feels to publish a cookbook?
Allen Thomspon had everything ready to go Saturday morning as he pedaled his way towards the starting gate at the Spreckels Park BMX track, preparing himself to participate in the first ever competition at the park – the kickoff to the second annual Manteca Senior Games.
Not even the sheer size of Shasta Park was enough to discourage a group of Lathrop-based Latter-day Saints from doing their part to spruce it up.
Manteca author Debra Ann Ristau has one word for the Lodi wine growing region that includes all of San Joaquin County and a sliver of Stanislaus County – "unpretentious."
Vince Smith was among the thousands of people who browsed the dozens of booths in the parking lot of the Promenade Shops at Orchard Valley shopping center Saturday morning as part of the Cinco de Mayo celebration hosted by the South San Joaquin Hispanic Chamber of Commerce.
Scenes from the Sunrise Kiwanis' annual fishing derby and safety fair that took place Saturday in the CVS Drug Store parking lot on North Main Street. The Manteca Parks and Recreation Commission along with the Manteca Youth Advisory Council helped out with the event.
Maggie Gutierrez was concerned that Manteca's new laws restricting marijuana use would make it illegal for her husband to get the only "medicine" that has been effective at easing pain from a severe back injury that used to keep him bed ridden.
The effort to reach out to local elementary students seems to have paid off for the Manteca Idol Board of Directors hoping to attract a broader cross-section of the community for the annual performance competition.
Ana Julaton is doing her best to change the image of professional female boxing.
Challenger Basketball or children with disabilities will make its debut next month.
There are a lot of problems facing San Joaquin County as a whole.
The drop in Manteca's crime rate is accelerating.


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AGL to get $210m Loy Yang windfall
PUBLISHED: 25 May 2012 00:01:33 | UPDATED: 25 May 2012 03:06:31PUBLISHED: 25 May 2012 PRINT EDITION: 25 May 2012AGL will pocket a $210 million taxpayer windfall this year from its acquisition of brown coal generator Loy Yang, which stands to benefit under the government's carbon tax and also the Coalition if it's repealed.
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Companies | AGL Energy Ltd |
People | Michael Fraser, Christine Milne, Greg Combet |
Topics | Energy & Utilities /Electricity , Politics /Federal Politics |


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Ignorant fans take to Twitter to express disgust over cast selection.
(Photo: Moses Robinson/Getty Images)
Along with praise and raking in $155 million during its opening weekend, the cast of The Hunger Games is also facing an unexpected slew of racism over the production's cast choices. Several fans have taken to Twitter to express their disgust over the fact that characters Rue and Thresh are played by Black actors.
Despite being described as having "dark brown skin" in Suzanne Collins' young adult novel-turned-movie, ignorant fans have been completely taken aback by Amandla Stenberg and Dayo Okeniyi playing the two roles.
"Why is Rue a little black girl? #sticktothebookdude," one fan wrote on Twitter while another asked, "Why does Rue have to be black not gonna lie kinda ruined the movie."
Not even Lenny Kravitz could escape the attack. The singer plays Cinna (whose skin color is not described in the book), a stylist for the televised games that pit children from twelve different districts against each other in a fight to the death. The sole survivor of The Hunger Games not only brings glory to his or her district, but also food and supplies to a starving community.
"Cinna and Rue weren't supposed to be black," one tweeted before adding, "Why did the producer make all the good characters black?"
"Awkward moment when Rue is some black girl and not the innocent blonde girl you picture," said another user.
One person even went so far as to use the "N" word to describe 13-year-old Stenberg tweeting, "Sense when has Rue been a n----r."
Now, even though many of the original tweets were deleted, a Tumblr blog called Hunger Games Tweets has collected many of these sad remarks and the responses they elicited.
"These people are MAD that the girl that they cried over while reading the book was 'some black girl' all along. So now they're angry. Wasted tears, wasted emotions. It's sad to think that had they known that she was black all along, there would have been [no] sorrow or sadness over her death," the blog owner writes. "There are MAJOR TIE-INS to these reactions and the injustices that we see around the world today. I don't even need to spell it out because I know that you're all a smart bunch. This is a BIG problem. Think of all the murdered children. Think of all the missing children that get NO SCREEN TIME on the news."
BET.com always gives you the latest fashion and beauty trends, tips and news. We are committed to bringing you the best of Black lifestyle and celebrity culture.
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Working Paper | HBS Working Paper Series | 2014 Patent Trolls: Evidence from Targeted Firms Lauren Cohen, Umit G. Gurun and Scott Duke Kominers We provide theoretical and empirical evidence on the evolution and impact of non-practicing entities (NPEs) in the intellectual property space. Heterogeneity in innovation, given a cost of commercialization, results in NPEs that choose to act as "patent trolls" that chase operating firms' innovations even if those innovations are not clearly infringing on the NPEs' patents. We support these predictions using a novel, large dataset of patents targeted by NPEs. We show that NPEs on average target firms that are flush with cash (or have just had large positive cash shocks). Furthermore, NPEs target firm profits arising from exogenous cash shocks unrelated to the allegedly infringing patents. We next show that NPEs target firms irrespective of the closeness of those firms' patents to the NPEs', and that NPEs typically target firms that are busy with other (non-IP related) lawsuits or are likely to settle. Lastly, we show that NPE litigation has a negative real impact on the future innovative activity of targeted firms. Keywords: Patent trolls; NPEs; innovation; patents; Patents; Ethics; Lawsuits and Litigation; Innovation and Invention; Corporate Finance; Citation:Cohen, Lauren, Umit G. Gurun, and Scott Duke Kominers. "Patent Trolls: Evidence from Targeted Firms." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 15-002, July 2014. (Revised August 2014.) View Details CiteView DetailsSSRN Read Now Related
Case | HBS Case Collection | December 2014 The Complexity of Vanguard's Entry Decision into ETFs (A) Lauren Cohen, Christopher Malloy and Tina Tang Citation:Cohen, Lauren, Christopher Malloy, and Tina Tang. "The Complexity of Vanguard's Entry Decision into ETFs (A) ." Harvard Business School Case 215-038, December 2014. View Details CiteView Details Related
Article | American Economic Journal: Economic Policy | August 2014 Friends in High Places Lauren Cohen and Christopher Malloy We demonstrate that personal connections amongst U.S. politicians have a significant impact on Senate voting behavior. Networks based on alumni connections between politicians are consistent predictors of voting behavior. We estimate sharp measures that control for common characteristics of the network, as well as heterogeneous impacts of a common network characteristic across votes. We find that the effect of alumni networks is close to 60% as large as the effect of state-level considerations. The network effects we identify are stronger for more tightly linked networks, and at times when votes are most valuable. We show that politicians use school ties as a mechanism to engage in vote trading ("logrolling"), and that alumni networks help facilitate the procurement of discretionary earmarks. Keywords: vote trading; networks; legislation; logrolling; earmarks; Voting; Government Legislation; Social and Collaborative Networks; United States; Citation:Cohen, Lauren, and Christopher Malloy. "Friends in High Places." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 6, no. 3 (August 2014): 63–91. View Details CiteView DetailsFind at Harvard Read Now Related
Working Paper | 2014 Industry Window Dressing Huaizhi Chen, Lauren Cohen and Dong Lou We explore a new mechanism through which investors take correlated shortcuts. Specifically, we exploit a regulatory provision governing firm classification into industries: A firm's industry classification is determined by the segment that has the majority of sales. We find strong evidence that investors overly rely on this primary industry classification. Firms just above the industry classification cutoff have significantly higher betas with respect to, as well as more sector mutual fund holdings and analyst coverage from, that industry, compared to nearly identical firms just below the cutoff. We then show that managers undertake specific actions to exploit investor shortcuts. Firms around the discontinuity point of 50% sales are significantly more likely to have just over 50% of sales from a "favorable" industry. Further, these firms just over the cutoff have significantly lower profit margins and inventory growth compared to other firms in the same industries, consistent with these firms slashing prices to increase sales. These same firms, however, do not exhibit different behaviors in any other aspect of their business (e.g., CapEx or R&D), suggesting that it is not a firm-wide shift of focus. Last, firms garner tangible benefits from switching into favorable industries, such as engaging in significantly more SEOs and stock-financed M&As. Keywords: investor shortcuts; industry classification; opportunistic managerial behavior; discontinuity; Behavior; Investment; Citation:Chen, Huaizhi, Lauren Cohen, and Dong Lou. "Industry Window Dressing." Working Paper, July 2014. View Details CiteView Details Read Now Related


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Nido is a farm to table Mexican Restaurant that highlights heritage, community and delicious food. Read more
Nido is a farm to table Mexican Restaurant that highlights heritage, community and delicious food.
About this project
Nido means "nest" in spanish. Nido will be an inviting space for the local community to come and enjoy delicious, fresh, farm to table Mexican food and drinks. The space will be a synergy of the urban, industrial characteristics found in Oakland and the softer organic side of the nearby agricultural communities. Much like birds create a nest, we too have created ours by sourcing building materials locally and repurposing them to create a unique aesthetic that resonates Jack London Warehouse District and East Bay.
Every item on the menu will be made in house daily using local, organic (when available) and sustainably conscious ingredients. Menu items will feature hand made tortillas for the daily taco selection. Cemitas (cousin of the Torta) will feature chicken from Mary's Organic Farm and other proteins from Preferred Meats. All seafood will be sourced and supplied by Berkley's Monterrey Fish Market. Weekend brunch items will be complemented by Petaluma Farms fresh eggs and dairy, as well as delicious bread baked by Firebrand Bakery in Emeryville.
Upon opening our doors, Nido will have a 41 license that will allow our patrons to enjoy great local beers and wines as well as some classic Mexican imports. This allows us to have some fun with sparkling wines, Sangrias, Micheladas and other beer /wine inspired cocktails. The application has been submitted for a full liquor license so lets keep our fingers crossed and stay put for an update!
Your donations will immediately go to completing the construction of the restaurant. We've contracted Eli Spear from EESpear Design Build (Make Westing, Hops &Hominy, Churchhill, Public Works) to design and build out the unique bar and dining space. Some of the challenges with the location is that it needs a wheelchair ramp, a second bathroom and of course a tremendous facelift! Because we are creating a shared cooking and retail space to feature local talents, we need to invest in a much larger refrigeration unit and extensive kitchen equipment. We believe in keeping it local therefore have commissioned a local furniture maker to customize our tables and benches. Lets not forget hiring and training a full staff to efficiently assist you with a quick lunch, memorable dinner and fun brunch experience.
We are aiming for a soft opening in late September, but predict to be in the full swing of things by October! Since we take pride in our establishment and care about you- our guest and friend, we will initially focus on executing a solid lunch menu and will gradually expand to brunch and dinner. Remember, Nido is here for the long haul, so we want to take our time in making sure that everything is well crafted, perfectly executed and fun!
Have a question? If the info above doesn't help, you can ask the project creator directly.
Pledge $10 or more
1 backer
A personal thank-you as requested by you (hand mailed letter, phone call, text, social media shout-out, hug, etc.)
Estimated delivery: -
Pledge $25 or more
15 backers
The above reward plus an item and drink from Nido's lunch menu.
Estimated delivery: -
Pledge $50 or more
47 backers
Chef-selected brunch for 2 with your choice of bottomless sangria, micheladas or season inspired mimosas.
Estimated delivery: -
Pledge $100 or more
32 backers
Chef-selected dinner for 2, including desert, with your choice of flowing beverages (A or NA)...wink wink
Estimated delivery: -
Pledge $200 or more
3 backers
A punch card for 5 lunches and 10 drink refills in a customized Nido acrylic tumbler.
Estimated delivery: -
Pledge $250 or more
0 backers Limited (10 left of 10)
Tamale dinner for 4 delivered to your door. Includes sides, a local bottle of fermented grapes and a great big hug and thank you. * Bay Area Only *
Estimated delivery: -
Pledge $500 or more
1 backer
VIP "Get Spoiled by Nido" dinner for 6 plus cap off the night with mezcal in a handmade ceramic sipping cup (Keep the cup!)
Estimated delivery: -
Pledge $750 or more
1 backer
A hand-delivered "goodie basket" to include certificates: lunch for 2, dinner for 2, brunch for 2, bottle of fermented grapes, 2 Nido t-shirts, seasonal pie from PieTisserie. (mailed if address is not in Bay Area)
Estimated delivery: -
Pledge $1,000 or more
3 backers Limited (7 left of 10)
A private tamale-making class w/ Chef Silvia for you and 9 friends. Class will include learning the history and techniques of making tamales and cooking them . Celebrate by eating and drinking the evening away.
Estimated delivery:
Funding period
- (30 days)


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Idea spot for a short break. The family run Hotel's location is unbeatable in the centre of the village. Spacious, basic enough accommodation but spotless and a perfect breakfast. Would highly recommend it!
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Booking.com, Priceline and Odigeo so you can book your Hotel L'Oursin reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.


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Verizon has been watching you. If you use their mobile service, Verizon has been tracking your every move on the internet for the better part of the last two years, with no way for you to opt out. That's the bad news. Here's the good: the company is finally letting consumers turn off the trackers. [More]
New, Updated Foursquare Is Always Watching You… Even When You Aren't Running Foursquare
If you launch Foursquare, you expect it to know where you are. The app is explicitly designed to record your location when you open it and so nobody's shocked if it, well, records their location when they open it. But users who download the new Foursquare are in for a nasty surprise. The app is now tracking users' locations at all times, whether they've opened it or not. [More]
Apple Will Prevent Businesses From Tracking iPhone Users Via Wifi
Remember when Nordstrom began tracking customers' movements in and out of their stores by using smartphones' individual Media Access Control (MAC) addresses if those phones tried to connect to in-store wifi, then abruptly stopped when the public found out about it? App developers say that Apple is ending such tracking in the next version of its mobile operating system by randomizing MAC addresses. [More]
OnTrac Marks My Packages 'Delivered' Today, Delivers Them Tomorrow
Last week, we shared a story from a reader who got a very early wakeup call from OnTrac, on his porch with an Amazon package a few days earlier than anticipated. Ryan, meanwhile, has sort of the opposite problem. No, OnTrac isn't pounding on his door after he went to bed. His packaged showed up in the system as "delivered" even though there was no sign of it. He actually received it the following day. Is OnTrac messing around with flux capacitors, redefining "delivered," or is something else going on here? [More]
OnStar Says Not To Worry About It Tracking Your Car Even After You Cancel It
Last week, OnStar raised some eyebrows when they emailed their customers to say that the company will tracking their car even after they canceled service. They then followed up with an emailed statement to the press to let everyone know they're not bad guys. [More]
OnStar Now Tracking Your Car Even After You Cancel Service
OnStar sent around an email to users this week letting them know they'll be keeping close tabs on their cars, even if they cancel the service. The navigation-and-emergency service will keep tracking your car, and the company is reserving the right to anonymously resell the collected data to third parties. [More]
Web Analytics Firm, 20 Clients Sued For Web Tracking
There's big business in tracking web browsing, and temptation to grab more information than is legally acceptable. A lawsuit alleges a web analytics company and its clients stepped over the line in snooping on browsing habits, particularly of those who try to cover their tracks. [More]
Thief Steals iPhone While Victim Is Participating In GPS Tracking Demo
On Monday, a man in San Francisco rode his bike up to a woman holding an iPhone and snatched it out of her hand, then took off. What he didn't know was that the woman had just walked out of her company's office to test a new GPS program that provides real time tracking. She went back inside, gave the police location updates over the phone, and man was arrested a half-mile away, reports the San Francisco Chronicle's Crime Scene blog. [More]
Find Out Where Your Dairy And Produce Items Came From
A longtime reader sent in a couple of links to websites that let you find out more about your food supply chain, if you're into that sort of stuff. Where is my milk from? matches carton codes with a list of dairies published by the FDA. FoodLogiq is less user-friendly and requires free registration, but you can apparently use it to track produce from participating growers. (Thanks to Cy!) [More]
Help, Dell Won't Ask UPS To Trace My Lost Monitor!
UPS' website promises that they will deliver Corey's Dell Vizio 37″ LCD monitor tomorrow, which would be exciting, except the website has said the same thing every day for the past two weeks. UPS' customer service representatives insist that the package is lost and that Dell needs to initiate a trace. Dell would be happy to accommodate—who wouldn't want to trace a lost package?—but their customer service representative claims that it's Dell policy not to initiate a trace until 48 hours after the scheduled delivery date, which according to UPS, is tomorrow.
Dell Breaks Customer's New Laptop Remotely, Won't Send Him Replacement
Anthony has been a long-time Dell customer and has shared his positive experiences with friends and family, but that's come to an end thanks to Dell's abysmal customer service. It's been one month since he first received his new Studio 15 Laptop, which worked correctly for 4 days. Since then, he's been on the phone with Dell for a total of 14 hours, he's watched a Dell CSR remotely break his laptop by interrupting the BIOS flash, he's been locked out of the data on his hard drive, and there's still no replacement laptop on the way to him. When he copied us on this email, he added, "All I wanted was the computer that I paid for long ago."
Charter Announces It Will Abandon User Tracking
Last month we reported on Charter Communications' plan to start tracking its users internet activity in order to serve more targeted ads. Charter claimed customers could opt-out of the service, but a reader reviewed Charter's opt-out method and discovered that even if you said no, you would still be tracked. Yesterday Charter announced it was abandoning the program and will not track its customers' activities after all—at least for the immediate future.
The Battle Of The Biggest Killer: Prescription Drugs V. Illegal Drugs
So, Florida is apparently plagued by addicted prescription-poppers and not the pot-addled deviants targeted by our government's so-called "War on Drugs." A new report shows that prescription drugs killed three-times more Floridians than illegal drugs, and not because old people can't follow doctor's orders. Addictive prescriptions like Vicodin, OxyContin, Valium and Xanax killed more users than all illegal drugs combined.
FedEx Breaks Your MacBook, Doesn't Deliver It, Says Your Questions Are Irrelevant
We get that accidents happen. What we don't get is why FedEx won't tell this guy what happened to his laptop—why it went out for delivery, why it got returned back to the warehouse, why it was then reported damaged and undeliverable, and finally why the person he was sent to for help keeps stonewalling him by responding that his questions are irrelevant.


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US 6915285 B2 Abstract A method of detecting feature interaction conflicts between agents in response to events in a multi-agent system comprises posting said events as tuples and event requests as anti-tuples from said agents in said multi-agent system, receiving said events and said event requests in a tuple space, generating responses to each of said agents for said events which match said event requests of said agents, wherein feature interaction conflict is detected when more than one of said agents are to exert control over an event.
Claims(21) 1. A computer-implemented method of detecting feature interaction conflicts between agents in response to events in a multi-agent system, comprising:
posting said events as tuples and event requests as anti-tuples from said agents in said multi-agent system;
receiving said events and said event requests in a tuple space; and
generating responses to each of said agents for said events which match said event requests of said agents; and
detecting a feature interaction conflict when more than one of said agents are to exert control over an event.
2. The computer-implemented method of
3. The computer-implemented method of
4. The computer-implemented method of
5. The computer-implemented method of
6. The computer-implemented method of
7. The computer-implemented method of
8. The computer-implemented method of
9. A computer-implemented event based model for detecting feature-interaction conflict in a multi-agent system comprising:
an Event Agent for posting events as tuples and event requests as anti-tuples from agents in said multi-agent system; and
a Blackboard having a tuple space for receiving said events and said event requests posted by said Event Agent and generating responses to each of said agents for said events which match said event requests of said agents; and
wherein the computer-implemented event based model is operable to detect a feature interaction conflict when more than one of said agents are to exert control over an event.
10. The computer-implemented event based model of
11. The computer-implemented event based model of
12. The computer-implemented event based model of
13. The computer-implemented event based model of
14. The computer-implemented event based model of
15. The computer-implemented event based model of
16. The computer-implemented event based model of
17. In a multi-agent system using a tuple space for communicating between a plurality of agents, a computer-implemented method of resolving feature interaction conflicts between said agents, the computer-implemented method comprising:
assigning fuzzy parameters of various degrees of truth for defining user preferences to attributes of rules associated with responses of said agents and to events of said agents;
detecting a feature interaction conflict for an event of a requesting agent posted on said tuple space which causes at least one conflicting response from at least one recipient agent;
opening a communications channel on said tuple space for posting said event with a degree of truth from said requesting agent and suggested responses with said degrees of truth from said at least one recipient agent; and
comparing said degree of truth and said degrees of truth of respectively said event and said suggested responses, and then selecting one of said suggested responses having the highest degree of truth as a response to said event.
18. The computer-implemented method of
19. In a multi-agent system using a tuple space for communicating between a plurality of agents, a computer-implemented event based model for resolving feature interaction conflicts between said agents, the event based model comprising:
an Event Agent for posting events of said agents where said agents assign fuzzy parameters of various degrees of truth for defining user preferences to attributes of rules associated with responses of said agents and to said events of said agents;
a Blackboard having said tuple space for receiving said events posted by said Event Agent; and
an Arbitrator for detecting an feature interaction conflict to an event of a requesting agent posted on said Blackboard which causes at least one conflicting response from at least one recipient agent, and for opening a communications channel on said tuple space to post said event with a degree of truth from said requesting agent and suggested responses with said degrees of truth from said at least one recipient agent, and comparing said degree of truth and said degrees of truth of respectively said event and said suggested responses, and then selecting one of said suggested responses having the highest degree of truth as a response to said event.
20. The computer-implemented event based model of
21. The computer-implemented event based model of
Description This Application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 09/613,537, entitled �Feature Interaction Resolution Using Fuzzy Rules� and filed on Jul. 10, 2000 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,606,610, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. This invention relates in general to communications systems, and more particularly to a method of resolving conflicts between multiple agents in an open standards-based communications system. The evolution towards the design of multimedia communications systems based on open standards has been ongoing since the 1980s. One example of such a system is the MediaPath� communications server manufactured by Mitel Corporation. The MediaPath� system comprises call control software which operates in conjunction with a plurality of server telecommunication boards (voice processing board, trunk board, line board, etc.), as described in http://www.mitel.com/MediaPath (1997). In R. Buhr, D. Amyot, M. Elammari, D. Quesnel, T. Gray, S. Mankovski, �Feature-Interaction Visualisation and Resolution in an Agent Environment�, edited by K. Kimbler and L. G. Bouma, p.135-149, a multi-agent architecture is set forth wherein each physical device is represented by a device agent that is responsible for handling and controlling all requests and actions of the device. The device agent may contain multiple feature agents, which are responsible for implementing the various features to which the device has subscribed. The end user may also be represented by a user-agent, which contains all of the preferences of the user. Feature interaction occurs when two or more agents want to apply different policies whose actions or goals conflict. Detecting and resolving feature interactions has been an active area of research (see for example L. G. Bouma, H. Velthuijsen, editors: �Feature Interactions in Telecommunications Systems�, ISO Press, Amsterdam, 1994, 272 pp.; K. E. Cheng, T. Ohta, editors: �Feature Interactions in Telecommunications III�, ISO Press, Amsterdam, 1995, 223 pp.; P. Dini, R. Boutaba, L. Logrippo, editors: �Feature Interactions in Telecommunications Networks IV�, ISO Press, Amsterdam, 1997, 373 pp.; and K. Kimbler and L. G. Bouma. �Feature Interactions in Telecommunications and Software Systems V�, ISO Press, Amsterdam, 1998, 374 pp.). Several approaches to solving the problem of feature interaction are also set forth in A. Aho, N. Griffeth, �Feature Interactions in the Global Information Infrastructure,� in Foundations of Software Engineering, Washington, October 1995. One common aspect to all of the prior art solutions to the problem of feature interaction is that the end user has no control of the outcome of the feature interactions. The systems according to the prior art predefine the result of feature interactions, without taking into consideration the parameters that are relevant to the end user, such as, the source of the call or the time of day. For example, the system disclosed in R. Buhr, et al uses an absolute priority mechanism to resolve conflict between multiple agents. In that system, a PROHIBIT action always take precedence over a FORWARDTO or a PERMIT action, with the result that the end user cannot affect the result of a feature interaction. According to the present invention, an architecture of multiple agents is provided, based on the negotiating agents' approach to resolving feature interactions, as set forth in R. Buhr, et al, discussed above and N. Griffeth, H. Velthuijsen. �The Negotiating Agents Approach to Runtime Feature Interaction Resolution�, in Feature Interactions in Telecommunications Systems, IOS Press, Amsterdam, May 1994. However, according to the present invention, an event-based model is used to detect feature interaction, and fuzzy constraints are applied to the policies that describe the system. A mechanism is established by which the user may add rules or provide the system with parameters that will affect the outcome of any conflict that may occur, thereby giving real control over the conflict to the end user. A detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the present invention is provided herein below with reference to the following drawings, in which: With reference to According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, a policy notation is adopted as set forth in D. Marriott, �Policy Service for Distributed Systems�, Master's thesis, Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, London, UK, 1997, p. 131. The general format of this notation is given below, with optional arguments written within brackets.
The Policy_ID is an identifier that uniquely identifies the policy within the system. The mode of a policy can have one of the following values: A+ is used to represent positive authorization mode, which represents the permitted actions; A− is used to represent negative authorization mode, which represents the forbidden actions; O+ is used to represent positive obligation mode, which represent the actions that the agent must perform: and O− is used to represent negative obligation mode, which represents the actions that the agent must prevent from occurring. Triggers are used only with obligation (positive or negative). They specify the events the agents should react to. Subject(s) are the agent(s) that are responsible for carrying out the actions described in the policy. Target(s) are the objects that will be affected by the actions. Constraints are the pre-conditions that must be realized for the policy to be applicable. Constraints can place conditions on the subject, target or mode of the policy or on the state of the system. As shown in Event-based systems are composed of three major components, an Event Blackboard, an Event Agent and an Arbitrator. Events are posted on the event blackboard, which is implemented by Micmac, as shown in FIG. 1. Each agent registers for all of the events it is interested in with the Event Agent. Two levels of registration exist: notification and handling. An agent may want to be notified of the occurrence of an action in order to change its internal state or to start a set of actions. One example is a cost agent, which is responsible for calculating the cost of using a service, which wants to be notified when a call is established to start calculating the resulting cost. The second level of registration is handling. In this case, the agent wants to have a monopoly over control of an event. One example is when a call request to a specific device is made. A termination-call-screening agent wants to be allowed to refuse the call if the caller is on its screening list, and it wants to prevent any other agent from trying to process the call. It must be notified that in this case, the termination-call-screening agent does not oppose notification of another agent of this call attempt. A conflict occurs when two or more agents want to handle the same event. Conflicts can occur on two levels, either between several device-agents, or inside a single agent (between two or more feature-agents). According to the present invention, conflict is first resolved at the agent level, so that an agent only proposes a single action in response to an event. Each agent is free to choose the method used for solving the conflict at the agent level. In the preferred implementation, fuzzy logic is used, as discussed in greater detail below. Conflict between multiple agents is resolved via a special purpose agent, commonly referred to as an arbitrator. Arbitrators can be either passive or active. A passive arbitrator does not control the conflict, but rather only detects the occurrence of a conflict and opens a separate channel for the conflicting agents to negotiate and to come up with a suggestion for all of the conflicting agents to agree on. The suggested action is posted on the Event Blackboard as a request made by all of the agents that participate in the conflict resolution. On the other hand, an active arbitrator takes all the proposed actions of the conflicting agents and, using some heuristic, chooses one of these actions. Usually, the active arbitrator is used when a priority mechanism can be defined. According to the present invention, a passive arbitrator is utilized, and the negotiation between agents involves the use of fuzzy logic. Conflict can also occur if an agent wants to perform an action on another agent without having the permission to perform such an action. In this case, the two agents enter a negotiation phase, trying to reach an agreement, which may involve one agent paying a certain cost to the other agent in order to allow the action. If no agreement is reached at the end, an Exception event is generated and posted on the Event Blackboard. When an event occurs, all of the agents that have been registered for the event are informed. If all of the preconditions that are associated with that event are realized, the agent will suggest an action. If not, the agent will reply with �No Action�. The arbitrator waits until it receives a reply from all of the agents registered to handle the event. If more than one agent replies to the event, the arbitrator detects the conflict and intervenes so that only one action is chosen. If no agent is registered to handle an event, or if all of the agents reply by a �No Action�, the event is automatically removed and the arbitrator agent is notified (to accommodate the possibility of the occurrence of a state that was not taken into consideration during the design of the system). The Event Agent is responsible for handling event registration, event posting and conflict detection, as shown in FIG. 2. When the event agent receives an event request from Agent A, the event agent creates a new instance of the RequestHandler class, and generates a unique key called requestHandlerIdentifier. The event agent adds the generated object to a Hashtable, called RequestHandlerPool, in which the agent keeps a reference to all of the generated requestHandlers, with the requestHandlerIdentifier as a key. The RequestHandler object is responsible for handling individual event requests. Thus, if Agent A wants to be notified when a Call-Request is sent to it, the RequestHandler object will post the following peek anti-tuple on MicMac.
If a tuple is retrieved, as discussed below with reference to event posting, the RequestHandler object sends the tuple to the agent that owns the RequestHandler object (Agent A in FIG. 2). The latter tests all conditions of the rule and returns a boolean value (i.e. true/false), referred to as a result, that indicates whether all of the pre-conditions were satisfied or not. The RequestHandler object then sends a response to the event agent, as discussed below. When the event agent receives an event (e.g. from Agent B in FIG. 2), the event agent creates a new instance of the EventHandler class, and generates a unique key referred to herein as EventIdentifier. The event agent adds the generated object to a Hashtable, called EventPool, in which the agent keeps a reference to all of the generated EventHandlers with the EventIdentifier as a key. Thus, if Agent B wants to post a call request to Agent A, the EventHandler object posts the following tuple on MicMac.
The EventHandler object then waits for a given duration to receive all of the forwarded responses of the RequestHandler objects, as discussed above. The parameters of these responses are locally stored in a Vector which, as discussed above is called responses. After this duration, the EventHandler object removes the tuple from MicMac (using a pick anti-tuple). Then, the EventHandler object issues a re-post request for each of the RequestHandler objects stored in responses, so that they re-post their anti-tuples again to wait for new events. If no response is received, the event is registered in a log file to indicate the occurrence of a non-handled event with all of the corresponding parameters, as discussed above. An event notification will be sent to all the requesting agents whose request type is notification. If only one RequestHandler object wants to handle the event, an event notification is sent to the requesting agent (Agent B). If more than one RequestHandler object wants to handle the event, the EventHandler object informs the event agent which, in response, invokes the arbitrator object, as discussed in greater detail below. As discussed briefly above, fuzzy constraints are applied to the policies that describe the system according to the present invention. Before discussing the application of fuzzy rules to the system of the present invention, a brief introduction to fuzzy logic is presented herein below. Much of human reasoning involves the use of linguistic variables, that is, variables whose values are words rather than numbers (e.g. the �temperature� is �hot�). Thus, human perception of an ambient temperature of 80� F. may be rather hot, but it is also considered to be warm to some degree. Thus, the fact �temperature is hot� has a degree of truth (or degree of membership) that, is partially true and partially false at the same time. Classic logic is too rigid to be able to express this concept, as it assigns only a value of true or false to the predicate �hot�. Fuzzy logic is the branch of mathematics that is concerned with modeling information based on membership grades (see E. Cox. �The Fuzzy Logic Systems Handbook�. AP Professional, Cambridge, 1994, p.624, and Motorola Corporation. �Fuzzy, Logic Education program�. The Centre for Emerging Computer Technologies. Motorola Inc., 1992). The first step in fuzzy logic processing is to transform crisp inputs to fuzzy inputs. The rules are than evaluated and the fuzzy output is transferred back to a crisp output. In the system of the present invention, real-world modeling is accomplished through the use of fuzzy variables and sets of rules. In order to decide which rule to apply when modeling a system, the value of the fuzzy input variables must first be determined. Then, the strength of each rule is calculated by giving it the smallest strength value of the fuzzy inputs of its antecedents. The strength of the rule expresses how suitable the action suggested by the rule is to handle a given situation. The action that is suggested by the rule having the highest rule strength is considered the best alternative and thus is chosen by the system. In the system according to the present invention, the de-fuzzification step is not used. Fuzzy logic is used only to determine which action is most suitable to handle a given situation, not to obtain a specific value for an output variable. Fuzzy inputs are used in the present invention to allow the user to express concepts such as importance of a call, how busy a user is, or what time is more suitable for the user, as discussed in greater detail below. In many cases, there is more than one acceptable outcome to a conflict between multiple agents. The end user may prefer one action to another, but one or more other actions may be acceptable to the user. Stated in terms of fuzzy logic, no rule is 100% acceptable (or true). Rules are only partially true. Thus, fuzzy logic constraints are used in the present invention to express these policies. The values of these constraints can be a parameter taken from the user-agent, which expresses the user preference. These constrains can also involve parameters from the event object, which are set by the requesting agent or the system itself. In the following portions of this disclosure, more detail is provided on how these parameters are set and used in accordance with the present invention. As set forth in Pl_a1 O+ [on MeetingManager] agent {set(0.95)} agent.busyState The foregoing rule indicates that when a manager meeting begins, the system should consider the user to be very busy. The busyState parameter is taken into consideration when searching for a suitable action, to prevent unnecessary interruption of the user. The reasoning mechanism is discussed in greater detail below with reference to When a device is being used by a specific user, the user agent is contacted, and all of the rules that reflect the user preferences, as well as the fuzzy inputs, are added to the device-agent rules and parameters. For simplicity, the examples set forth below with reference to As indicated above, events are modeled as objects with attributes. An event has a type, like Call-Request. On-Exception, which represents the class name of the event. An event object may have a number of variables such as an indication of the object(s) that generated the event, the time when the event was generated and the receiver of the event. An event can also have a variable number of associated fuzzy variables. An event such as Call-Request has a fuzzy variable called importance, which indicates the importance that the caller gives to a particular call. The receiving agent has also the right to modify this parameter to reflect the importance that the receiver of the call is giving to the caller. The event object may also contain parameters that express how the requesting agent would like his/her request to be treated. For example, the Call-Request event has an associated fuzzy parameter called no-Forward that indicate that the caller does not like his/her call to be forwarded to a third party. It should be noted that the system need not necessarily abide by a user's preferences. The use of fuzzy logic in conflict resolution is hereinafter described in greater detail, by reference to specific example scenarios. In the example of In this example, it is assumed that the user has expressed that he or she does not want to be interrupted during a long-distance telephone call. Thus, AC should take precedence over CW when the other call is a long distance call. Otherwise, CW should take precedence over AC. The preferences of the user are modeled using the following rules.
The Answer-Call agent contains the following rule.
The Call-Waiting agent contains the following rule.
Thus, in the situation of a long-distance call request being sent to this device agent. Initially, the call is given an importance of 90% (using rule Pl13 a2). Once the call has been established, the importance of the call is set to 0.9*0.9=81% (using rule Pl13 a3). Now, in the event that another user tries to make a local call to this user, the importance of the call requested will be 60% (using rule Pl_a1). A conflict occurs between the AC and CW modules. The rule Pl_ac1 has the same strength as the importance of the current call, thus it will be equal to 0.81. On the other hand, the rule Pi_cw1 has the same strength as the incoming call, which is 0.6. In this case, Pl_ac1 will take precedence over Pl_cw1 and the incoming call will be directly forwarded to the answer machine. If a request to establish another long-distance is sent to the agent while the user is still making the other long-distance, then the incoming call importance will be equal to 0.9. The rule strength of Pl_cw1 is 0.9, while Pl_ac1 strength will remain at 0.81, Pl_cw1 will take precedence over Pl_ac1 and the user will be provided with a call-waiting signal. The foregoing example demonstrates the use of fuzzy logic in the system of the present invention. More specifically, this example illustrates how fuzzy logic constraints can be used to allow the user to alter the reaction of the system depending on the user's own preferences, thereby giving real call control to the end user. In the example scenario depicted in In this example user A wants to establish a conference call with users B and C. User A does not want any of the telephone calls placed to B and C to be forwarded to an answer machine or a secretary. Both B and C are not available. B has forwarded all telephone calls to her answer machine, while C has forwarded all telephone calls to his secretary. User C has left a report with his secretary that she should read to the others in the conference call. Consider firstly the scenario of user A sending a Call-Request (CR) to user B. The device-agent of A posts the following Call-Request on the event-blackboard:
The device agent of B (Agent B) contains two sub-agents: a Termination-agent (B.T) and an Answer-Call-agent (B.AC). Agent B also has an attribute, available, set to false. Agent B also contains the fuzzy variable forwardToVoiceMail parameter, which is set to 10%, indicating that persons who call her are permitted to be forwarded to her answer machine, but without forcing them to be so forwarded. B.T contains the following policies:
B.AC contains the following policies:
The output of B.T is no-Action (no_action is always given a truth value of 0%), while B.AC chooses to forward the call to the answer machine, with a truth value of 10%, which is the value of the forward-To-Voice-Mail parameter. Agent B arbitrates between the output of the two modules and in response chooses forward-Call. Thus, the result of this event is a call forward on the call request. The system then asks for the permission from the originator of the event (i.e. Agent A). Agent A contains the following rule:
The arbitrator agent detects this exception opens a channel for the involved agents to start negotiating. All of the sub-agents that have suggested an action post suggestions to the MicMac blackboard, and the associated degrees of truth. The refusing agent(s) do the same, with the following results:
Turning now to the scenario of user A sending a Call-Request (CR) to user C. The device-agent of A (Agent A) posts the following Call-Request to the event-blackboard:
The device agent of C (Agent C) contains two sub-agents, a Termination-agent (C.T) and a Call-Forward-agent (C.CF). Agent C has the attribute available set to false. Agent C also contains the fuzzy variable forward-Call, which is set to 10% in order to allow the calls to be forwarded to C's secretary. Agent C also contains the following policy:
C.T contains the following policies:
C.CF contains the following policies:
When the call request is received from Agent A, Agent C sets the value of forward-Call to 95%. The two sub-agents of C suggest no-Action and forward-Call with a degree of truth of 95. Again, the system asks for the permission of the originator of this event, which is Agent A. Agent A activates the rule Pl_A1 and refuses the call forward. A No-Permission-Exception event is generated again and the arbitrator agent opens a channel for the involved agents to start negotiating. The following rules are posted in this special purpose channel.
The suggested forward-Call action has a value of 95%, while no-forward has a value of 80%. The arbitrator agent therefore overrides the objection of A and the call is forwarded to C's secretary. The arbitrator is responsible for handling conflict between multiple agents. The following portion of this disclosure describes in detail how the arbitrator decides what to do in the scenario of FIG. 5. Initially, the arbitrator receives the following tuple:
In the event of a passive arbitrator being used, which applies equal weights for every agent involved in the exception, the arbitrator opens a separate channel and posts the events on it, starting with the oldest event (the inner event). Only the involved agents, A and B in this case, are allowed to reply to this event. The result of event X1 is that the termination agent of B suggests no-Action. The no-Action result is automatically assigned a degree of truth of 0%, to give it the lowest priority. The call forward agent of B suggests a forward-call with a degree of truth of 10%. The result of event X2 is that A refuses the forwarding of the call, with a degree of truth of 80%. This gives rise to the following results:
The truth-value of the forward action is recalculated as equal to the original truth-value of the action, minus the truth-value of the permission refusal. Thus, forward=10%−80%=−70%. No-Action still equals 0%. The arbitrator therefore chooses No-Action, and the call request does not generate any further events. The sender of the call request interprets this as a refusal to his call. If the same mechanism is applied for the second case, then:
The final truth-value of forward is=95%−80%=15%. No-Action still equals 0%. The arbitrator therefore chooses the action with the highest degree of truth (i.e. it will choose to forward the call). It should be noted that an equal weight arbitrator is utilized. If a weighted-arbitrator had been used, the final truth-value of the action that didn't receive the permission would be equal to the truth-value of the action, multiplied by its weight, minus the truth-value of the denial multiplied by its weight. Other embodiments and variations of the invention are possible. For instance, the examples and embodiments set forth herein relate to the field of telecommunications, and more particular to call processing within telephone systems. However, the principles of the invention may be applied to any multi-agent system which is susceptible to feature interaction conflicts (e.g. network resource management, costing systems, stock and bond trading systems, etc.). All such additional embodiments and applications are believed to be within the sphere and scope of the invention as defined by the claims appended hereto. Patent Citations
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Genre/Form: | Fiction |
Material Type: | Fiction |
Document Type: | Book |
All Authors / Contributors: |
Michael J Sullivan |
OCLC Number: | 227916193 |
Description: | 296 p. : map ; 21 cm. |
Responsibility: | Michael J. Sullivan. |
More information: |
The Crown Conspiracy, a medieval fantasy novel reminiscent of Harry Potter and C.S Lewis. It is a heroic adventure suitable for both young adult readers and general audiences. This is the first published work by author Michael Sullivan, of Fairfax VA and is book one of the multi-book saga: The Riyria Revelations. The series is told through six novels conceived as a single epic tale. Across the entire chronicle, mysteries build, characters evolve, and plots thicken, but each is self-contained and can be read independent of each other. In the first episode, the reader is introduced to Royce Melborn, a skilled thief, and his mercenary partner, Hadrian Blackwater, who make a profitable living carrying out dangerous assignments for conspiring nobles until they become the unwitting scapegoats in the murder of the king. Sentenced to death, they have only one way out…and so begins this epic tale of treachery and adventure, sword fighting and magic, myth and legend. The Crown Conspiracy was released October 1, 2008 and immediatly gained acclaim. On May 30, 2008 at BookExpo in Los Angeles it was recognized as a Foreword Magazine's Book of the Year Finalist in the category of Fantasy/Science Fiction.
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A great read
I liked the book, I liked the main characters and villains were described brilliantly. I found it kept me reading, as I could almost see the characters, very good personalities and well described. Over all, it kept my interest and I'm glad that I read it. I can see where this can be a continued series...
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I liked the book, I liked the main characters and villains were described brilliantly. I found it kept me reading, as I could almost see the characters, very good personalities and well described. Over all, it kept my interest and I'm glad that I read it. I can see where this can be a continued series and I would be interested in reading more. There was a short interval somewhere in the middle, there was a lot of background description, about warring empires etc, that I found lacked sparkle, and didn't interest me enough to even remember exactly what it was concerning, but that was short lived and it went on to other interesting events. From that point on, I eagerly read. I really think that it is a worthy book and would like to see the others when they become available.
Overall the book kept me captivated, and the characters and world was believable and engaging. I would highly recommend this book to anyone who reads fantasy.
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text: David Jensen wrote: > > The linker is not finding libXrender. Do you have > /usr/X11R6/lib in your /etc/ld.so.conf ? > if not add it, and /opt/qt/lib, then: > ]#ldconfig -v > /usr/X11R6/lib and /opt/qt/lib are in /etc/ld.so.conf, libXrender.so* is in /usr/lib and libXrender.a is in /usr/X11R6/lib. I did the "ldconfig -v" command but it doesn't change anything. Thank you for your help Thomas