text:
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Premium Pay
Science Conference Proceedings (OSTI)
... in lieu of overtime pay) an equal amount of time off (hour for hour or quarter hours increments thereof) from his or her scheduled tour of duty. ...
A multiobjective faculty-course-time slot assignment problem with preferences
A faculty-course-time slot assignment problem is studied. The multiobjective 0-1 linear programming model considering both the administration's and instructors' preferences is developed and a demonstrative example is included. Both modeling and solving ... Keywords: AHP, Conic scalarization, Faculty course time slot problem, Multi-objective optimization
Nergiz A. Ismayilova; Mujgan Sa?Ir; Rafail N. Gasimov
The Declining U.S. Equity Premium
E-Print Network (OSTI)
study demonstrates U.S. equity premium declined significantly during the three decades. study calculates equity premium a variation a formula the classic Gordon stock valuation model. calculation includes bond yield, stock dividend yield, expected dividend growth rate, which this formulation change over study calculates premium several measures aggregate U.S. stock portfolio and several assumptions about bond yields stock dividends basically same result. premium averaged about percentage points during 1926--70 about percentage point that. This result is shown to reasonable by demonstrating roughly equal returns investments stocks consol bonds same duration would have earned between 1982 and 1999, years when equity premium is estimated views expressed herein those of authors and necessarily of Federal Reserve Bank Minneapolis Federal Reserve System. Historically, investors holding corporate equities have earned a premium, extra return holding equities instead of bonds, which more predictable returns. Es- timates equity premium in United States erage around 4 percentage points past centu- (Siegel 1998) around 7 percentage points 1926 period (Center Research in Security Prices). historical size of U.S. equity premium puz- economists since mid-1980s. Economists sumed size premium is primarily a measure compensation investors demand taking extra risk inherent equity investments. stan- dard asset pricing model which incorporates assump- been able account equity premium large 4 percentage points; with reasonable levels risk aversion and other standard assumptions, model pre- dicts instead a premium around 0.25 percentage point (Mehra Prescott 1985, Hansen and Jagannathan 1991). This discrepancy between data and theory come known as equity premium puzzle. puzzle some fruitful w...
Ravi Jagannathan; Ellen McGrattan; Anna Scherbina
Premium Power Corporation | Open Energy Information
Open Energy Info (EERE)
Massachusetts Zip 1845 Product Specialises in the design and manufacture of high-density energy storage, utility service management and power quality systems. References Premium...
Microsoft Word - medicare-premium-rates.doc
NLE Websites -- All DOE Office Websites (Extended Search)
*subject to graduated eligibility Graduated Eligibility Graduated Eligibility is applicable to medical and dental premiums and defines what portion of the employer contribution you...
Understanding Premium Power Grades: Final Report
For many utility customers, quality of power has become as important as reliability of power, and providing this required quality serves as the basis of a premium power offering. This report addresses the key technical and economic issues related to premium power grades that utilities, regulators, and end users need to understand to make informed decisions.
The Control Premium: A Preference for Payoff Autonomy
Part 4, we will pass around an answer key for the Quizzes.On the answer key, you will write down the identificationroom you will return the answer key, with the identification
Owens, David; Grossman , Zachary; Fackler , Ryan
Preference Setup
Before continuing, you need to deselect the Acrobat default preference "Open Cross-Documents Links in Same Window." If you skip this step, each time you close a paper you will...
*subject *subject to graduated eligibility Graduated Eligibility Graduated Eligibility is applicable to medical and dental premiums and defines what portion of the employer contribution you are responsible for based on your years of service upon retirement. For example, if you have 15 years of service upon retirement, you would pay the full retiree premium for your medical and dental coverage, as well as 25% of the employer contribution. With 20 years of service upon retirement, you would only pay the retiree premium. Years o f Service % of Employer Contribution LANL pays % of Employer Contribution Retiree Pays 10 50% 50% 11 55% 45% 12 60% 40% 13 65% 35% 14 70% 30% 15 75% 25% 16 80% 20% 17 85% 15% 18 90% 10% 19 95% 5% 20+ 100% 0% 2014 Monthly Medical Premiums for
The Consortium for Premium Carbon Products from Coal, with funding from the U.S. Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory and matching funds from industry and academic institutions continued to excel in developing innovative technologies to use coal and coal-derived feedstocks to produce premium carbon product. During Budget Period 5, eleven projects were supported and sub-contracted were awarded to seven organizations. The CPCPC held two meetings and one tutorial at various locations during the year. Budget Period 5 was a time of growth for CPCPC in terms of number of proposals and funding requested from members, projects funded and participation during meetings. Although the membership was stable during the first part of Budget Period 5 an increase in new members was registered during the last months of the performance period.
John M. Andresen
Price spread between regular and premium gasoline has changed over ...
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
Exploration and reserves, storage, imports and exports, production, ... more cost savings result from reducing octane levels for premium gasoline blendstock ...
Oil prices and government bond risk premiums Herv Alexandre*
Oil prices and government bond risk premiums By Hervé Alexandre*º Antonin de Benoist * Abstract : This article analyses the impact of oil price on bond risk premiums issued by emerging economies. No empirical study has yet focussed on the effects of the oil price on government bond risk premiums. We develop
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Why Do Inner City Residents Pay Higher Premiums? The Determinants of Automobile Insurance Premiums
insurance companies for each zip code in the city of Lossame demographic profile for every zip code: a 25-year old,insurance premium for each zip code is the average of quotes
Ong, Paul M.; Stoll, Michael A.
Guidance on Waivers of Premium Pay To Meet A Critical Need
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)) Indexed Site
on Waivers of Premium Pay on Waivers of Premium Pay To Meet A Critical Need (9/5/08) Background: 5 CFR $550.106(b)(l) provides that the bi-weekly limit on premium pay be waived for overtime work that is critical to an agency's mission. Criteria: DOE has established the following criteria for making these determinations. Requests must address these criteria. 1. The work must directly affect a Departmental element's core business activity. 2. The work must be urgent and unavoidable, i.e., it cannot be delayed or extended over a longer period of time. 3. Additional human resources with the expertise needed cannot be added due to the immediacy of the business need. 4. No other appropriate compensation option is available. Approval Process: Requests are to be addressed to the Director, Office of Human Capital Management and
The Chemical Analysis of Argonne Premium Coal Samples
The Chemical Analysis of Argonne Premium Coal Samples U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 2144 #12 OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1997 The Chemical Analysis of Argonne Premium Coal Samples Edited by Curtis A.S. Geological Survey for the chemical characterization of coal and a comparison of the results
Laughlin, Robert B.
Energy Conservation Tax Credits - Small Premium Projects (Corporate) |
Conservation Tax Credits - Small Premium Projects Conservation Tax Credits - Small Premium Projects (Corporate) Energy Conservation Tax Credits - Small Premium Projects (Corporate) < Back Eligibility Agricultural Commercial Industrial Local Government Schools State Government Tribal Government Savings Category Other Heating & Cooling Commercial Heating & Cooling Heating Home Weatherization Commercial Weatherization Sealing Your Home Cooling Construction Design & Remodeling Manufacturing Windows, Doors, & Skylights Ventilation Heat Pumps Insulation Appliances & Electronics Water Heating Solar Maximum Rebate 35% of qualifying project costs The sum of all incentives, grants, credits, or other public funds may not exceed total project costs Program Info Start Date 2011 State Oregon Program Type Corporate Tax Credit
Energy Conservation Tax Credits - Small Premium Projects (Personal) |
Energy Conservation Tax Credits - Small Premium Projects (Personal) Energy Conservation Tax Credits - Small Premium Projects (Personal) Energy Conservation Tax Credits - Small Premium Projects (Personal) < Back Eligibility Agricultural Commercial Industrial Institutional Local Government Schools State Government Tribal Government Savings Category Other Heating & Cooling Commercial Heating & Cooling Heating Home Weatherization Commercial Weatherization Sealing Your Home Cooling Construction Design & Remodeling Manufacturing Windows, Doors, & Skylights Ventilation Heat Pumps Insulation Appliances & Electronics Water Heating Solar Maximum Rebate 35% of qualifying project costs The sum of all incentives, grants, credits, or other public funds may not exceed total project costs Program Info Start Date 2011 State Oregon Program Type
Managing risk in premium fruit and vegetable supply chains
Production planning in premium fresh produce supply chains is challenging due to the uncertainty of both supply and demand. A two-stage planning algorithm using mixed integer linear programming and Monte Carlo simulation ...
Merrill, Joshua Matthew
A Comprehensive Look at the Empirical Performance of Equity Premium Prediction,� working paper
Given the historically high equity premium, is it now a good time to invest in the stock market? Economists have suggested a whole range of variables that investors could or should use to predict: dividend price ratios, dividend yields, earnings-price ratios, dividend payout ratios, net issuing ratios, book-market ratios, interest rates (in various guises), and consumptionbased macroeconomic ratios (cay). The typical paper reports that the variable predicted well in an in-sample regression, implying forecasting ability. Our paper explores the out-of-sample performance of these variables, and finds that not a single one would have helped a real-world investor outpredicting the then-prevailing historical equity premium mean. Most would have outright hurt. Therefore, we find that, for all practical purposes, the equity premium has not been predictable, and any belief about whether the stock market is now too high or too low has to be based on theoretical prior, not on the empirically variables we have explored.
Amit Goyal; Ivo Welch
heat and power; distributed generation; premium powerand operation of distributed generation, combined heat andcost combination of distributed generation technologies that
Norwood, Zack
Conservation Behavior: From Voluntary Restraint to a Voluntary Price Premium*
predictions of the model in an empirical study of household electricity consumption with introduction of a price-premium, green-electricity program. We ...nd evidence of voluntary restraint and its relation or public transportation whenever you can, to park your car one extra day per week, to obey the speed limit
PREMIUMS PAID FOR GREEN GENERATION PREMIUMS PAID FOR GREEN GENERATION IN THE APX GREEN POWER MARKET Janis C. Pepper Enertron Consultants / APX email@example.com 650-949-5719 Presented at Windpower 2000 May 1, 2000 Abstract Automated Power Exchange (APX) operates markets that allow buyers and sellers of electricity to do business with each other easily, efficiently, and directly. The APX Green Power Market opened on March 30, 1998 with the start of the restructured electricity market in California, providing a wholesale marketplace for buyers and sellers of renewable power to transact. Those renewable energy plants that are no longer under utility contracts, and new merchant renewable plants, are selling through this market. The overwhelming majority of green buyers and green sellers operating in the California market use the APX Green Power Market. APX
Workers � Remittances, Resident FCAs and Kerb Premium: A Cointegration Analysis
This paper employs Johansen�s model selection and maximum likelihood cointegration technique to analyze the relationship among workers � remittances, kerb premium and resident FCAs for Pakistan during July 1993 to December 2001. The results suggest that these variables are cointegrated from July 1993 to April 1998. However, the relationship was jolted by the two-tier exchange rate regime, freezing of FCAs and subsequent tightening of foreign exchange regulations following the nuclear tests. In addition, the causal relationship is found to flow (i) from kerb premium to remittances from the Gulf and (ii) from remittances to resident FCAs prior to nuclear tests. After that, the causal relationships reverse for the Gulf and other region. The results also indicate that higher kerb premium has a detrimental effect on remittances. The findings of this paper have implications for the future economic reforms particularly in the area of the monetary, trade, exchange and payments reforms in Pakistan with special emphasis on enhancing remittances from expatriate Pakistanis. Views expressed in this working paper are those of the author and do not necessarily represent those of the State Bank of Pakistan. Comments and suggestions are welcome by the
Zulfiqar Hyder; Zulfiqar Hyder
Distributed Resources Premium Power Solutions: Market Analysis and Business Case for Distributed Resources-Based Premium Power
It has been postulated that distributed resources (DR) can solve power quality and reliability problems. While the application generation and storage technologies is quite common for providing premium power, extracting DR benefits from these installations, whether existing or future, is less well developed. This report analyzes different DR applications and options for improving power quality and reliability at end user facilities. In this analysis, DR-capable technologies refer to generator and storage ...
SciTech Connect
Bechtel, together with Amax Research and Development Center (Amax R&D), has prepared this study which provides conceptual cost estimates for the production of premium quality coal-water slurry fuel (CWF) in a commercial plant. Two scenarios are presented, one using column flotation technology and the other the selective agglomeration to clean the coal to the required quality specifications. This study forms part of US Department of Energy program ?Engineering Development of Advanced Physical Fine Coal Cleaning for Premium Fuel Applications,? (Contract No. DE-AC22- 92PC92208), under Task 11, Project Final Report. The primary objective of the Department of Energy program is to develop the design base for prototype commercial advanced fine coal cleaning facilities capable of producing ultra-clean coals suitable for conversion to stable and highly loaded CWF. The fuels should contain less than 2 lb ash/MBtu (860 grams ash/GJ) of HHV and preferably less than 1 lb ash/MBtu (430 grams ash/GJ). The advanced fine coal cleaning technologies to be employed are advanced column froth flotation and selective agglomeration. It is further stipulated that operating conditions during the advanced cleaning process should recover not less than 80 percent of the carbon content (heating value) in the run-of-mine source coal. These goals for ultra-clean coal quality are to be met under the constraint that annualized coal production costs does not exceed $2.5 /MBtu ($ 2.37/GJ), including the mine mouth cost of the raw coal. A further objective of the program is to determine the distribution of a selected suite of eleven toxic trace elements between product CWF and the refuse stream of the cleaning processes. Laboratory, bench-scale and Process Development Unit (PDU) tests to evaluate advanced column flotation and selective agglomeration were completed earlier under this program with selected coal samples. A PDU with a capacity of 2 st/h was designed by Bechtel and installed at Amax R&D, Golden, Colorado by Entech Global for process evaluation tests. The tests successfully demonstrated the capability of advanced column flotation as well as selective agglomeration to produce ultra-clean coal at specified levels of purity and recovery efficiency. Test results and the experience gained during the operation of the PDU have provided valuable insights into the processes studied. Based on the design data obtained from the test work and a set of project design criteria, two sets of conceptual designs for commercial CWF production plants have been developed, one using column flotation and the other using selective agglomeration process. Using these designs, Capital as well as Operating and Maintenance (O&M) cost estimates for the plants have been compiled. These estimates have then been used to derive the annualized cost of production of premium CWF on a commercial scale. Further, a series of sensitivity analysis have been completed to evaluate the effects of variations in selected cost components and process parameters on the overall economics of premium fuel production
Clean, premium-quality chars: Demineralized and carbon enriched
DOE Green Energy (OSTI)
The goal of this project is to develop a bench-scale procedure to produce clean, desulfurized, premium-quality chars from the Illinois basin coals. This goal is achieved by utilizing the effective capabilty of smectites in combination with methane to manipulate the char yields. The major objectives are: to determine the optimum water- ground particle size for the maximum reduction of pyrite and minerals by the selective-bitumen agglomeration process; to evaluate the type of smectite and its interlamellar cation which enhances the premium-quality char yields; to find the mode of dispersion of smectites in clean coal which retards the agglomeration of char during mild gasification; to probe the conditions that maximize the desulfurized clean-char yields under a combination of methane+oxygen or helium+oxygen; to characterize and accomplish a material balance of chars, liquids, and gases produced during mild gasification; to identify the conditions which reject dehydrated smectites from char by the gravitational separation technique; and to determine the optimum seeding of chars with polymerized maltene for flammability and transportation.
Smith, G.V.
Premium Power Corporation Smart Grid Demonstration Project | Open Energy
Corporation Smart Grid Demonstration Project Corporation Smart Grid Demonstration Project Jump to: navigation, search Project Lead Premium Power Corporation Country United States Headquarters Location North Reading, Massachusetts Recovery Act Funding $7,320,000.00 Total Project Value $16,080,554.00 Coordinates 42.5750939°, -71.0786653° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[]}
EXC-12-0006 - In the Matter of Premium Quality Lighting, Inc. | Department
6 - In the Matter of Premium Quality Lighting, Inc. 6 - In the Matter of Premium Quality Lighting, Inc. EXC-12-0006 - In the Matter of Premium Quality Lighting, Inc. On July 27, 2012, OHA issued a decision granting an Application for Exception filed by Premium Quality Lighting, Inc. (PQL) for relief from the provisions of 10 C.F.R. Part 430, Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards and Test Procedures for General Service Fluorescent Lamps and Incandescent Reflector Lamps (Lighting Efficiency Standards). In its exception request, PQL asserted that it will suffer a serious hardship, gross inequity and an unfair distribution of burdens if required to adhere to the new Lighting Efficiency Standards, effective July 14, 2012 (2009 Final Rule), with respect to its 700 series T8 General Service
Isotope dilution study of exchangeable oxygen in premium coal samples
A difficulty with improving the ability to quantitate water in coal is that truly independent methods do not always exist. The true value of any analytical parameter is always easier to determine if totally independent methods exist to determine that parameter. This paper describes the possibility of using a simple isotope dilution technique to determine the water content of coal and presents a comparison of these isotope dilution measurements with classical results for the set of Argonne coals from the premium coal sample program. Isotope dilution is a widely used analytical method and has been applied to the analysis of water in matrices as diverse as chicken fat, living humans, and coal. Virtually all of these applications involved the use of deuterium as the diluted isotope. This poses some problems if the sample contains a significant amount of exchangeable organic hydrogen and one is interested in discriminating exchangeable organic hydrogen from water. This is a potential problem in the coal system. To avoid this potential problem /sup 18/O was used as the diluted isotope in this work.
Finseth, D.
Mortgage default and student outcomes, the solar home price premium, and the magnitude of housing price declines
Solar Home Price Premium: Electricity Generation and �Green�of solar photovoltaic electricity production,� UCEI Workinghas California?s residential electricity consumption been so
Dastrup, Samuel R.
effect of falling home prices on small business borrowing,�2 Understanding the Solar Home Price Premium: Electricitysocial influences on price,� Journal of Political Economy,
Veterans Preference in Hiring
... 4). Additionally, applicants requesting 10-Point Veteran Preference must submit the SF-15 and a copy of VA letter certifying the percentage of the ...
Create a Consortium and Develop Premium Carbon Products from Coal
The objective of these projects was to investigate alternative technologies for non-fuel uses of coal. Special emphasis was placed on developing premium carbon products from coal-derived feedstocks. A total of 14 projects, which are the 2003 Research Projects, are reported herein. These projects were categorized into three overall objectives. They are: (1) To explore new applications for the use of anthracite in order to improve its marketability; (2) To effectively minimize environmental damage caused by mercury emissions, CO{sub 2} emissions, and coal impounds; and (3) To continue to increase our understanding of coal properties and establish coal usage in non-fuel industries. Research was completed in laboratories throughout the United States. Most research was performed on a bench-scale level with the intent of scaling up if preliminary tests proved successful. These projects resulted in many potential applications for coal-derived feedstocks. These include: (1) Use of anthracite as a sorbent to capture CO{sub 2} emissions; (2) Use of anthracite-based carbon as a catalyst; (3) Use of processed anthracite in carbon electrodes and carbon black; (4) Use of raw coal refuse for producing activated carbon; (5) Reusable PACs to recycle captured mercury; (6) Use of combustion and gasification chars to capture mercury from coal-fired power plants; (7) Development of a synthetic coal tar enamel; (8) Use of alternative binder pitches in aluminum anodes; (9) Use of Solvent Extracted Carbon Ore (SECO) to fuel a carbon fuel cell; (10) Production of a low cost coal-derived turbostratic carbon powder for structural applications; (11) Production of high-value carbon fibers and foams via the co-processing of a low-cost coal extract pitch with well-dispersed carbon nanotubes; (12) Use of carbon from fly ash as metallurgical carbon; (13) Production of bulk carbon fiber for concrete reinforcement; and (14) Characterizing coal solvent extraction processes. Although some of the projects funded did not meet their original goals, the overall objectives of the CPCPC were completed as many new applications for coal-derived feedstocks have been researched. Future research in many of these areas is necessary before implementation into industry.
Frank Rusinko; John Andresen; Jennifer E. Hill; Harold H. Schobert; Bruce G. Miller
Geomagnetic Reversals: Rates, Timescales, Preferred Paths,
Geomagnetic Reversals: Rates, Timescales, Preferred Paths, Statistical Models and Simulations: Geomagnetic reversals, Reversal rates, Paleointensity, Statistics of Geodynamo September 30, 2001 #12;Abstract Paleomagnetic data on geomagnetic reversals are divided into two general categories: times of occurrence
Constable, Catherine G.
Fuzzy-probabilistic multi agent system for breast cancer risk assessment and insurance premium assignment
In this paper, we present an agent-based system for distributed risk assessment of breast cancer development employing fuzzy and probabilistic computing. The proposed fuzzy multi agent system consists of multiple fuzzy agents that benefit from fuzzy ... Keywords: Breast cancer, Fuzzy probability, Fuzzy-probabilistic multi agent system, Insurance premium, Uncertainty
Farzaneh Tatari; Mohammad-R. Akbarzadeh-T; Ahmad Sabahi
Offering Premium Power to Select Customer Segments: Using Distributed Resources for Distribution Utilities
Electric sector restructuring will likely lead to increased opportunities for distributed resources (DR) technologies and solutions. In particular, distribution utilities may be able to use DR to provide innovative services that can help increase customer value and open new sources of revenue. Using DR to offer premium power services to customers with special sensitivity to power quality disturbances is one such opportunity.
Premium Fuel Production From Mining and Timber Waste Using Advanced Separation and Pelletizing Technologies
The Commonwealth of Kentucky is one of the leading states in the production of both coal and timber. As a result of mining and processing coal, an estimated 3 million tons of fine coal are disposed annually to waste-slurry impoundments with an additional 500 million tons stored at a number of disposal sites around the state due to past practices. Likewise, the Kentucky timber industry discards nearly 35,000 tons of sawdust on the production site due to unfavorable economics of transporting the material to industrial boilers for use as a fuel. With an average heating value of 6,700 Btu/lb, the monetary value of the energy disposed in the form of sawdust is approximately $490,000 annually. Since the two industries are typically in close proximity, one promising avenue is to selectively recover and dewater the fine-coal particles and then briquette them with sawdust to produce a high-value fuel. The benefits are i) a premium fuel product that is low in moisture and can be handled, transported, and utilized in existing infrastructure, thereby avoiding significant additional capital investment and ii) a reduction in the amount of fine-waste material produced by the two industries that must now be disposed at a significant financial and environmental price. As such, the goal of this project was to evaluate the feasibility of producing a premium fuel with a heating value greater than 10,000 Btu/lb from waste materials generated by the coal and timber industries. Laboratory and pilot-scale testing of the briquetting process indicated that the goal was successfully achieved. Low-ash briquettes containing 5% to 10% sawdust were produced with energy values that were well in excess of 12,000 Btu/lb. A major economic hurdle associated with commercially briquetting coal is binder cost. Approximately fifty binder formulations, both with and without lime, were subjected to an extensive laboratory evaluation to assess their relative technical and economical effectiveness as binding agents for the briquetting of 90% coal and 10% sawdust blends. Guar gum, wheat starch, and a multi-component formulation were identified as most cost-effective for the production of briquettes targeted for the pulverized-coal market with costs being around $8 per ton of the coal-sawdust blend. REAX/lime and a second multi-component formulation were identified as the most cost-effective for the production of briquettes targeted for the stoker-coal market. Various sources of sawdust generated from different wood types were also investigated to determine their chemical properties and to evaluate their relative performance when briquetted with clean coal to form a premium fuel. The highest heating values, approaching 7,000 Btu/lb, were obtained from oak. Sawdusts from higher-density, red oak, white oak, hickory, and beech trees provided higher quality briquettes relative to their lower-density counterparts. In addition to sawdust type, a number of other parameters were evaluated to characterize their impact on briquette properties. The parameters that exhibited the greatest impact on briquette performance were binder concentration; sawdust concentration and particle size; cure temperature; and ash content. Parameters that had the least impact on briquette properties, at least over the ranges studied, were moisture content, briquetting force, and briquetting dwell time. The continuous production of briquettes from a blend of coal and sawdust was evaluated using a 200 lbs/hr Komarek Model B-100 briquetter. The heating values of briquettes produced by the unit exceeded the goal of the project by a large margin. A significant observation was the role of feed moisture on the stability of the mass flow rate through the briquetter and on briquette strength. Excessive feed moisture levels caused inconsistent or stoppage of material flow through the feed hopper and resulted in the production of variable-quality briquettes. Obviously, the limit on feed moisture content has a significant impact on the economics of coal-sawdust briquetting since it will ultimately dictate dew
Honaker, R. Q.; Taulbee, D.; Parekh, B. K.; Tao, D.
Preference formulas in relational queries
The handling of user preferences is becoming an increasingly important issue in present-day information systems. Among others, preferences are used for information filtering and extraction to reduce the volume of data presented to the user. They ... Keywords: Preference queries, preferences, query optimization, relational algebra
Jan Chomicki
Microsoft Word - 2014 Non-Med retiree premiums_30Sept13UH
4 Monthly Premiums 4 Monthly Premiums for Retirees Without Medicare Medical Plans* PPO Single Adult + Children Two Adults Family RET LANS Gross RET LANS Gross RET LANS Gross RET LANS Gross $123 $521 $644 $221 $939 $1,160 $258 $1,096 $1,354 $356 $1,509 $1,865 HDHP Single Adult + Children Two Adults Family RET LANS Gross RET LANS Gross RET LANS Gross RET LANS Gross $88 $523 $611 $158 $943 $1,101 $185 $1,100 $1,285 $255 $1,514 $1,769 Dental, Vision, and Legal Insurance Dental Insurance* Vision Insurance Legal Insurance Self $43.11 $9.82 $10.73 Adult + Child(ren) $87.79 $19.85 $14.37 Two Adults $80.46 $19.65 $14.37 Family $143.66 $24.57 $15.59 *Graduated Eligibility
Help:Preferences | Open Energy Information
Preferences Preferences Jump to: navigation, search Clicking on the my preferences link in the upper right while logged in allows you to change your preferences. You will be presented with the User profile section, as well as a bar of tabs across the top for changing other types of settings. Contents 1 User profile 1.1 User profile 1.2 Change password 1.3 E-mail 1.4 Languages 2 Skin 3 Math 4 Files 5 Date and time 6 Editing 7 Recent changes 8 Watchlist 9 Search 10 Misc 11 See also User profile User profile Username: Your user name. Only bureaucrats can change your username, and the wiki must also have the Renameuser extension installed. User ID: A number assigned to your account when you created it (for example, if your number is 42 you are the 42nd user to sign up at this particular wiki). This number is used for internal purposes.
Preference revision via declarative debugging
Preference criteria are rarely static. Often they are subject to modification and aggregation. The resulting preference criteria may not satisfy the properties of the original ones and must therefore be revised. This paper investigates the problem of ...
Pierangelo Dell�Acqua; Lu�s Moniz Pereira
Local Geometry of Multiattribute Tradeoff Preferences
Existing preference reasoning systems have been successful insimple domains. Broader success requires more natural and moreexpressive preference representations. This thesis develops arepresentation of logical preferences ...
McGeachie, Michael
The local geometry of multiattribute tradeoff preferences
Existing preference reasoning systems have been successful in simple domains. Broader success requires more natural and more expressive preference representations. This thesis develops a representation of logical preferences ...
McGeachie, Michael J
Premium Power
... this trend and add between 10 and 20 points of market share to ... thin-film solar cells; proton exchange (PEM) and solid oxide (SOFC) membrane fuel ...
... (12) General industry consensus is that when the price per watt ... of electricity over its design life (equivalent to 1700 kg of coal), thereby eliminating ...
www.uce3.berkeley.edu Understanding the Solar Home Price Premium: Electricity Generation and �Green � Social Status
This study uses a large sample of homes in the San Diego area to provide some of the first capitalization estimates of the resale value of homes with solar panels as compared to comparable homes without solar panels. While the residential solar home market continues to grow, there is surprisingly little direct evidence on the market capitalization effect. We find evidence using both hedonics and a repeat sales index approach that solar panels are capitalized at roughly a 3 % premium. This premium is larger in communities with more registered Prius hybrid vehicles and in communities featuring a larger share of college graduates. 1
Samuel Dastrop; Joshua Graff Zivin; Dora L. Costa; Matthew E. Kahn; Samuel Dastrup; Joshua Graff Zivin; Dora L. Costa; Matthew E. Kahn
LBNL-6484E Exploring California PV Home Premiums Ben Hoen, Geoffrey T. Klise, Joshua Graff-Zivin, Mark
484E 484E Exploring California PV Home Premiums Ben Hoen, Geoffrey T. Klise, Joshua Graff-Zivin, Mark Thayer, Joachim Seel and Ryan Wiser Environmental Energy Technologies Division December 2013 Download from: http://emp.lbl.gov/publications/exploring-california-pv-home-premiums This research builds on work published in 2011 entitled "An Analysis of the Effects of Residential Photovoltaic Energy Systems on Home Sales Prices in California," LBNL- 4476E, which can be downloaded here: http://eetd.lbl.gov/ea/emp/reports/lbnl-
E N E R G Y O U T R E A C H F A C T S H E E T Argonne Premium Coal Sample Bank
E N E R G Y O U T R E A C H F A C T S H E E T Argonne Premium Coal Sample Bank Background Program Overview T The Argonne Premium Coal (APC) Sample Bank can supply researchers with highly uniform, well-protected coal samples unexposed to oxygen. Researchers investigating coal structure, properties, and behavior
Maranas, Costas
This is the puzzle: automobile insurers experience the most liability, collision, and uninsured motorist (UM) claims per 100 insured cars�and therefore charge the highest premiums�for cars from the low-income zip codes of both rural and urban areas. But this fact seems to contradict general insurance theory which says that people with minimum insurance should be
Patrick Butler Ph. D
A Habit-Based Explanation of the Exchange Rate Risk Premium
This paper presents a model that reproduces the uncovered interest rate parity puzzle. Investors have preferences with external habits. Countercyclical risk premia and procyclical real interest rates arise endogenously. ...
Verdelhan, Adrien Frederic
Energy Storage Application Brief -- Case History for Large Flywheel System: Piller -- Flywheel Energy Storage Systems for Premium Power
Piller of Middleton, New York produces premium power systems for power quality and uninterruptible power supply (UPS) applications. An entire family of products is commercially available in a variety of system and circuit configurations for industrial use. These products are beneficial because they are highly reliable and protect from voltage sags. The energy storage components of these systems uses mature, conventional flywheel technology. This technology review describes the various applications of the...
Semantic optimization techniques for preference queries
Preference queries are relational algebra or SQL queries that contain occurrences of the winnow operator (find the most preferred tuples in a given relation). Such queries are parameterized by specific preference relations. Semantic optimization techniques ... Keywords: Integrity constraints, Preference queries, Query evaluation, Query optimization
Otherregarding preferences in general equilibrium
We study competitive market outcomes in economies where agents have other-regarding preferences (ORPs). We identify a separability condition on monotone preferences that is necessary and sufficient for one�s own demand to be independent of the allocations and characteristics of other agents in the economy. Given separability, it is impossible to identify ORPs from market behaviour: agents behave as if they had classical preferences that depend only on own consumption in competitive equilibrium. If preferences, in addition, depend only on the final allocation of consumption in society, the Second Welfare Theorem holds as long as any increase in resources can be distributed in a way that makes all agents better off. The First Welfare Theorem generally does not hold. Allowing agents to care about their own consumption and the distribution of consumption possibilities in the economy, the competitive equilibria are efficient given prices if and only if there is no Pareto-improving redistribution of income. Downloaded from restud.oxfordjournals.org at University of Arizona on April 27, 2011
Martin Dufwenberg; Paul Heidhues; Georg Kirchsteiger; Frank Riedel; Joel Sobel
Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biofuels Procurement Preference
Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicles Data Center (EERE)
Biofuels Procurement Biofuels Procurement Preference to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biofuels Procurement Preference on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biofuels Procurement Preference on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biofuels Procurement Preference on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biofuels Procurement Preference on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biofuels Procurement Preference on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biofuels Procurement Preference on AddThis.com... More in this section... Federal State Advanced Search All Laws & Incentives Sorted by Type Biofuels Procurement Preference State and county agency contracts awarded for the purchase of diesel fuel must give preference to bids for biofuels or blends of biofuel and
An Industrial-Based Consortium to Develop Premium Carbon Products from Coal Final Report - Part 4
Since 1998, The Pennsylvania State University successfully managed the Consortium for Premium Carbon Products from Coal (CPCPC), which was a vehicle for industry-driven research on the promotion, development, and transfer of innovative technologies on premium carbon products from coal to the U.S. industry. The CPCPC was an initiative led by Penn State, its cocharter member West Virginia University (WVU), and the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), who also provided the base funding for the program, with Penn State responsible for consortium management. CPCPC began in 1998 under DOE Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC26-98FT40350. This agreement ended November 2004 but the CPCPC activity continued under cooperative agreement No. DE-FC26-03NT41874, which started October 1, 2003 and ended December 31, 2010. The objective of the second agreement was to continue the successful operation of the CPCPC. The CPCPC enjoyed tremendous success with its organizational structure, which included Penn State and WVU as charter members, numerous industrial affiliate members, and strategic university affiliate members together with NETL, forming a vibrant and creative team for innovative research in the area of transforming coal to carbon products. The key aspect of CPCPC was its industry-led council that selected proposals submitted by CPCPC members to ensure CPCPC target areas had strong industrial support. CPCPC had 58 member companies and universities engaged over the 7-year period of this contract. Members were from 17 states and five countries outside of the U.S. During this period, the CPCPC Executive Council selected 46 projects for funding. DOE/CPCPC provided $3.9 million in funding or an average of $564,000 per year. The total project costs were $5.45 million with $1.5 million, or {approx}28% of the total, provided by the members as cost share. Total average project size was $118,000 with $85,900 provided by DOE/CPCPC. In addition to the research, technology transfer/outreach was a large component of CPCPC's activities. Efficient technology transfer was critical for the deployment of new technologies into the field. CPCPC organized and hosted technology transfer meetings, tours, and tutorials, attended outreach conferences and workshops to represent CPCPC and attract new members, prepared and distributed reports and publications, and developed and maintained a Web site. The second contract ended December 31, 2010, and it is apparent that CPCPC positively impacted the carbon industry and coal research. Statistics and information were compiled to provide a comprehensive account of the impact the consortium had and the beneficial outcomes of many of the individual projects. Project fact sheet, success stories, and other project information were prepared. Two topical reports, a Synthesis report and a Web report, were prepared detailing this information.
Miller, Bruce; Shea, Winton
An Industrial-Based Consortium to Develop Premium Carbon Products from Coal Final Report - Part 2
Since 1998, The Pennsylvania State University successfully managed the Consortium for Premium Carbon Products from Coal (CPCPC), which was a vehicle for industry-driven research on the promotion, development, and transfer of innovative technologies on premium carbon products from coal to the U.S. industry. The CPCPC was an initiative led by Penn State, its cocharter member West Virginia University (WVU), and the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), who also provided the base funding for the program, with Penn State responsible for consortium management. CPCPC began in 1998 under DOE Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC26-98FT40350. This agreement ended November 2004 but the CPCPC activity continued under cooperative agreement No. DE-FC26-03NT41874, which started October 1, 2003 and ended December 31, 2010. The objective of the second agreement was to continue the successful operation of the CPCPC. The CPCPC enjoyed tremendous success with its organizational structure, which included Penn State and WVU as charter members, numerous industrial affiliate members, and strategic university affiliate members together with NETL, forming a vibrant and creative team for innovative research in the area of transforming coal to carbon products. The key aspect of CPCPC was its industry-led council that selected proposals submitted by CPCPC members to ensure CPCPC target areas had strong industrial support. CPCPC had 58 member companies and universities engaged over the 7-year period of this contract. Members were from 17 states and five countries outside of the U.S. During this period, the CPCPC Executive Council selected 46 projects for funding. DOE/CPCPC provided $3.9 million in funding or an average of $564,000 per year. The total project costs were $5.45 million with $1.5 million, or ~28% of the total, provided by the members as cost share. Total average project size was $118,000 with $85,900 provided by DOE/CPCPC. In addition to the research, technology transfer/outreach was a large component of CPCPC's activities. Efficient technology transfer was critical for the deployment of new technologies into the field. CPCPC organized and hosted technology transfer meetings, tours, and tutorials, attended outreach conferences and workshops to represent CPCPC and attract new members, prepared and distributed reports and publications, and developed and maintained a Web site. The second contract ended December 31, 2010, and it is apparent that CPCPC positively impacted the carbon industry and coal research. Statistics and information were compiled to provide a comprehensive account of the impact the consortium had and the beneficial outcomes of many of the individual projects. Project fact sheet, success stories, and other project information were prepared. Two topical reports, a Synthesis report and a Web report, were prepared detailing this information.
Miller, Bruce; Winton, Shea
An Industrial-Based Consortium to Develop Premium Carbon Products from Coal Final Report - Part 5
An Industrial-Based Consortium to Develop Premium Carbon Products from Coal Final Report - Part 1
An Industrial-Based Consortium to Develop Premium Carbon Products from Coal Final Report - Part 3
Climate adaptation wedges: a case study of premium wine in the western United States
Design and implementation of effective climate change adaptation activities requires quantitative assessment of the impacts that are likely to occur without adaptation, as well as the fraction of impact that can be avoided through each activity. Here we present a quantitative framework inspired by the greenhouse gas stabilization wedges of Pacala and Socolow. In our proposed framework, the damage avoided by each adaptation activity creates an 'adaptation wedge' relative to the loss that would occur without that adaptation activity. We use premium winegrape suitability in the western United States as an illustrative case study, focusing on the near-term period that covers the years 2000 39. We find that the projected warming over this period results in the loss of suitable winegrape area throughout much of California, including most counties in the high-value North Coast and Central Coast regions. However, in quantifying adaptation wedges for individual high-value counties, we find that a large adaptation wedge can be captured by increasing the severe heat tolerance, including elimination of the 50% loss projected by the end of the 2030 9 period in the North Coast region, and reduction of the projected loss in the Central Coast region from 30% to less than 15%. Increased severe heat tolerance can capture an even larger adaptation wedge in the Pacific Northwest, including conversion of a projected loss of more than 30% in the Columbia Valley region of Washington to a projected gain of more than 150%. We also find that warming projected over the near-term decades has the potential to alter the quality of winegrapes produced in the western US, and we discuss potential actions that could create adaptation wedges given these potential changes in quality. While the present effort represents an initial exploration of one aspect of one industry, the climate adaptation wedge framework could be used to quantitatively evaluate the opportunities and limits of climate adaptation within and across a broad range of natural and human systems.
Diffenbaugh, Noah [Stanford University; White, Michael A [Utah State University (USU); Jones, Gregory V [Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR; Ashfaq, Moetasim [ORNL
Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biodiesel Price Preference
Biodiesel Price Biodiesel Price Preference to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biodiesel Price Preference on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biodiesel Price Preference on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biodiesel Price Preference on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biodiesel Price Preference on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biodiesel Price Preference on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biodiesel Price Preference on AddThis.com... More in this section... Federal State Advanced Search All Laws & Incentives Sorted by Type Biodiesel Price Preference A governmental body, state educational institution, or instrumentality of the state that performs essential governmental functions on a statewide or
DOE Indian Energy Purchase Preference Policy Guidance | Department...
Indian Energy Purchase Preference Policy Guidance DOE Indian Energy Purchase Preference Policy Guidance PDFFINAL DOE Indian Energy purchase preference policy guidance.pdf More...
Clean, premium-quality chars: Demineralized and carbon enriched. Quarterly report, September 1, 1991--Novemer 30, 1991
California Center for Population Research On-Line Working Paper SeriesUnderstanding the Solar Home Price Premium: Electricity Generation and �Green � Social Status
Samuel Dastrup; Joshua Graff Zivin; Dora L. Costa; Matthew E. Kahn; Samuel Dastrup; Joshua Graff Zivin; Dora L. Costa; Matthew E. Kahn
Engineering Development of Advanced Physical Fine Coal Cleaning for Premium Fuel Applications: Task 9 - Selective agglomeration Module Testing and Evaluation.
The primary goal of this project was the engineering development of two advanced physical fine coal cleaning processes, column flotation and selective agglomeration, for premium fuel applications. The project scope included laboratory research and bench-scale testing of both processes on six coals to optimize the processes, followed by the design, construction, and operation of a 2 t/hr process development unit (PDU). The project began in October, 1992, and is scheduled for completion by September 1997. This report summarizes the findings of all the selective agglomeration (SA) test work performed with emphasis on the results of the PDU SA Module testing. Two light hydrocarbons, heptane and pentane, were tested as agglomerants in the laboratory research program which investigated two reactor design concepts: a conventional two-stage agglomeration circuit and a unitized reactor that combined the high- and low-shear operations in one vessel. The results were used to design and build a 25 lb/hr bench-scale unit with two-stage agglomeration. The unit also included a steam stripping and condensation circuit for recovery and recycle of heptane. It was tested on six coals to determine the optimum grind and other process conditions that resulted in the recovery of about 99% of the energy while producing low ash (1-2 lb/MBtu) products. The fineness of the grind was the most important variable with the D80 (80% passing size) varying in the 12 to 68 micron range. All the clean coals could be formulated into coal-water-slurry-fuels with acceptable properties. The bench-scale results were used for the conceptual and detailed design of the PDU SA Module which was integrated with the existing grinding and dewatering circuits. The PDU was operated for about 9 months. During the first three months, the shakedown testing was performed to fine tune the operation and control of various equipment. This was followed by parametric testing, optimization/confirmatory testing, and finally a 72-hour round the clock production run for each of the three project coals (Hiawatha, Taggart, and Indiana VII). The parametric testing results confirmed that the Taggart coal ground to a D80 of 30 microns could be cleaned to 1 lb ash/MBtu, whereas the Hiawatha and Indiana Vil coals had to be ground to D80s of 40 and 20 microns, respectively, to be cleaned to 2 lb ash/MBtu. The percent solids, residence time, shear intensity (impeller tip speed and energy input per unit volume), and heptane dosage were the main variables that affected successful operation (phase inversion or microagglomerate formation in the high-shear reactor and their growth to 2-3 mm in size during low shear). Downward inclination of the vibrating screen and adequate spray water helped produce the low ash products. Btu recoveries were consistently greater than 98%. Two-stage steam stripping achieved about 99% heptane recovery for recycle to the process. Residual hydrocarbon concentrations were in the 3000 to 5000 ppm range on a dry solids basis.
Moro, N.` Jha, M.C.
The objective of this project is to significantly increase field-wide production in the Spraberry Trend in a short time frame by application of preferred practices for managing and optimizing water injection. A secondary and synergistic objective is purification and injection of produced water into Spraberry reservoirs.
David S. Schechter
Why mercury prefers soft ligands
Mercury (Hg) is a major global pollutant arising from both natural and anthropogenic sources. Defining the factors that determine the relative affinities of different ligands for the mercuric ion, Hg2+, is critical to understanding its speciation, transformation, and bioaccumulation in the environment. Here, we use quantum chemistry to dissect the relative binding free energies for a series of inorganic anion complexes of Hg2+. Comparison of Hg2+ ligand interactions in the gaseous and aqueous phases shows that differences in interactions with a few, local water molecules led to a clear periodic trend within the chalcogenide and halide groups and resulted in the well-known experimentally observed preference of Hg2+ for soft ligands such as thiols. Our approach establishes a basis for understanding Hg speciation in the biosphere.
Riccardi, Demian M [ORNL] [ORNL; Guo, Hao-Bo [ORNL] [ORNL; Gu, Baohua [ORNL] [ORNL; Parks, Jerry M [ORNL] [ORNL; Summers, Anne [University of Georgia, Athens, GA] [University of Georgia, Athens, GA; Miller, S [University of California, San Francisco] [University of California, San Francisco; Liang, Liyuan [ORNL] [ORNL; Smith, Jeremy C [ORNL] [ORNL
Modeling consumer preferences for status-signaling brands: branding, pricing, and product-line decisions
to such products. Hybrid cars, for example, are associatedThus, individuals may use hybrid cars to portray themselvesefficient though expensive hybrid cars. The price premium
Becerril Arreola, Rafael
Preferences, Information, and Group Decision Making
This study will examine how the structure of preferences of group members in a decision-making group, as well as the information they have, affects the collection and the processing of information by individual members of a decision making group. Structure of preferences in this study will represent each individual group members� preference towards a particular course of action. Using an experimental method of analysis, this study will examine how the preference structure of a group affects what and how much information a group member will analyze before making a decision. I hypothesize that the structure of the group members� preferences should affect the subjects� search and process of information. This study aims to answer the following questions; do group preferences affect the search and processing of information? Do group members thoroughly survey the objectives and alternatives in the decision making process?
Espinoza, Alejandro
Does Shareholder Voting Reflect Shareholder Preferences?
=980422. Kamar, Ehud. 2006. �Does Shareholder Voting onDoes Shareholder Voting Reflect Shareholder Preferences?contests. The literature that does exist is methodologically
Listokin, Yair Jason
A Compilation of Updates plus Preferences
We show how to compile programs formalizing update plus preference reasoning into standard generalized logic programs and show the correctness of the transformation.
Jos� J�lio Alferes; Pierangelo Dell'Acqua; Lu�s Moniz Pereira
On April 2002 a 200KW Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell (PAFC) Power Plant. was installed at LACTEC Institute For Technology Development, Research and Development facilities. The power plant installed at LACTEC site is the second of its kind in the Southern Hemisphere. Its presence, not only contributed to the creation of a Fuel Cell Stationary Power market for Brazil and the rest of the region, but increased the knowledge about fuel cell technology, and marked the point of entry as a reference for the education of a new generation of applied scientists. On its first year the power plant has operated 8,558 hours achieving an availability factor of 97% and supplying 730.50MWh of premium energy. As a second regional experience with fuel cell technology, we expect this report about LACTEC PACFC power plant performance, applications and cost-benefit evaluation will provide relevant information for future regional investments on this technology.
Silvio Vedovatto
Engineering development of advanced physical fine coal cleaning for premium fuel applications. Quarterly technical progress report No. 4
This project is a major step in the Department of Energy`s program to show that ultra-clean coal-water slurry fuel (CWF) can be produced from selected coals and that this premium fuel will be a cost-effective replacement for oil and natural gas now fueling some of the industrial and utility boilers in the United States. The replacement of oil and gas with CWF can only be realized if retrofit costs are kept to a minimum and retrofit boiler emissions meet national goals for clean air. These concerns establish the specifications for maximum ash and sulfur levels and combustion properties of the CWF. This cost-share contract is a 48-month program which started on September 30, 1992. This report discusses the technical progress made during the 4th quarter of the project from July 1 to September 30, 1993.
Smit, F.J.; Hogsett, R.F.; Jha, M.C.
Specifying preferences based on user history
Many applications require users to specify preferences. We support users in this task by letting them define preferences relative to their personal history or that of other users. We implement this idea using a graphical technique called control shadows, ... Keywords: collaborative filtering, history, mobile devices, reuse, visualization
Loren Terveen; Jessica McMackin; Brian Amento; Will Hill
Multiple Risks and Mean-Variance Preferences
We analyze comparative static effects under uncertainty when a decision maker has mean-variance preferences and faces a generic, quasi-linear decision problem with both an endogenous risk and a background risk. In terms of mean-variance preferences, ... Keywords: decision analysis, risk
Thomas Eichner; Andreas Wagener
Building an Efficient Preference XML Query Processor
Today user-centered information acquisition over collections of complex XML documents is increasingly in demand. To this end, preferences have become an important paradigm enabling users to express individual interests and delivering personalized information. As the structure of XML documents plays a major part in retrieval, users often have specific preferences about the structure. For evaluation a query has to be unfolded into an entire set of queries filling the structure with more or less preferred values. Since such structure expansions typically contain redundancies, it is important to identify and simplify necessary expansion queries for effective evaluation. To address these issues, we developed a preference query optimizer that not only determines an optimal set of expansion queries, but also preserves the specific ordering induced by the user preferences with respect to Pareto optimality.
Sungran Cho; Wolf-tilo Balke
Essays in time and risk
lists yield systematically higher discount rates and utilityList methodology: identifying time preferences with MPLs and utilityrisk price list to inform curvature of the utility function
Sprenger, Charles
The objective of this report is to significantly increase field-wide production in the Spraberry Trend in a short time frame through the application of preferred practices for managing and optimizing water injection. Our goal is to dispel negative attitudes and lack of confidence in water injection and to document the methodology and results for public dissemination to motivate waterflood expansion in the Spraberry Trend.
Essays on health economics and risk preferences
This dissertation is a collection of three essays on hospital response to regulation and risk preferences. Chapter 1 analyzes the Medicare Flex Program which allowed rural hospitals with fewer than 25 beds to convert to ...
Pascu, Iuliana
Consumer preferences for wool production attributes.
??The U.S. wool demand has declined since 1950s due to the increasing demand for synthetic fibers. This research aims to study U.S. consumers' preferences for� (more)
Chen, Yun-Ju (Kelly)
Problem and Preferred Management Practices Identification Workshop
The goals for this workshop were: to introduce key players in the Appalachian basin oil industry to DOE's new Preferred Upstream Management Practices (PUMP) program; to explain the various elements of our two-year project in detail; to transfer technology through a series of short, invited talks; to identify technical problems and best management practices; and to recruit members for our Preferred Management Practices (PMP) Council.
Patchen, Douglas G.
DOE Hydrogen Analysis Repository: Consumer Preferences for Refueling...
Consumer Preferences for Refueling Availability Project Summary Full Title: Discrete Choice Analysis of Consumer Preferences for Refueling Availability Project ID: 249 Principal...
Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biofuels Preference for State...
Biofuels Preference for State Vehicle Procurement to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biofuels Preference for State Vehicle Procurement on Facebook Tweet...
*Corresponding Author. The Contributions of Economic Fundamentals and Risk Premium to Movements in Exchange Rates: A State-Space Decomposition
It has been a puzzle in the literature that fundamental variables do not help forecast the future exchange rate change better than the random walk benchmark. Recently Engel and West (2005, 2006) show that such a result can be explained by the present value model of the exchange rate if the discount factor for the expectation of future fundamental variables is close to one and the fundamental variables are I(1). In this work we propose a novel approach to offer an empirical evaluation of these exchange rate models. We develop a state-space framework in which the expectations of the fundamentals growth and the risk premium are modeled as latent factors and then are integrated into a stylized present value model of the exchange rate. This approach allows us not only to directly estimate the discount factor but also to study the expectation dynamics that are important in evaluating these exchange rate models. We estimate these models using a century of data for the US and UK. One of our major findings is that the discount factor is indeed very close to unity, lending support to Engel and West (2005, 2006). Furthermore, the estimated expectation dynamics suggest that the expected future fundamentals may explain a large portion of the exchange rate movement. We postulate two major reasons for why fundamentals have
Nathan S. Balke; Jun Ma; Mark E. Wohar
CO2 Isotherms Measured on Moisture-Equilbrated Argonne Premium Coals at 550C and 15 Mpa
Sorption isotherms, which describe the coal�s gas storage capacity, are important for estimating the carbon sequestration potential of coal seams. The DOE-NETL initiated a second inter-laboratory isotherm comparison of coals where CO2 sorption isotherms were collected on moisture-equilibrated coals at temperatures and pressures relevant to CO2 sequestration. Each laboratory used the same coal samples and followed the same general procedure; however, each laboratory used their own apparatus and isotherm measurement technique. This study investigated the inter-laboratory reproducibility of carbon dioxide isotherm measurements on moisture-equilibrated Argonne premium coal samples (Pocahontas #3, Illinois #6, and Beulah Zap). Six independent laboratories provided isotherm data on the three moisture-equilibrated coal samples at 55oC and pressures up to 15 MPa. Agreement among the laboratories was good up to 8 MPa. At the higher pressures, the data among the laboratories diverged significantly for two of the laboratories and coincided reasonably well for four of the laboratories. This work provides guidance for estimating the reproducibility that might be expected when comparing published sorption isotherms on moisture-equilibrated coals from different laboratories.
Goodman, A.L.
TIME REVERSAL ACOUSTIC NONCONTACT SOURCE - Energy Innovation ...
The present invention provides a flexible noncontact source of wave energy through the use of time reversal. In the preferred embodiment a ...
Policy Flash 2013-28 Implementation of Indian Energy Preference...
8 Implementation of Indian Energy Preference Provision in EP Act 2005 and Acquisition Letter 2013-02 Policy Flash 2013-28 Implementation of Indian Energy Preference Provision in EP...
Alternative Fuels Data Center: Procurement Preference for Electric and
Procurement Preference Procurement Preference for Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Procurement Preference for Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Procurement Preference for Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Procurement Preference for Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Procurement Preference for Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: Procurement Preference for Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Procurement Preference for Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles on AddThis.com...
Mining User preference using Spy voting for search engine personalization
This article addresses search engine personalization. We present a new approach to mining a user's preferences on the search results from clickthrough data and using the discovered preferences to adapt the search engine's ranking function for improving ... Keywords: Personalization, clickthrough data, search engine, user preferences
Wilfred Ng; Lin Deng; Dik Lun Lee
PET imaging predicts future body weight and cocaine preference
Deficits in dopamine D2/D3 receptor (D2R/D3R) binding availability using PET imaging have been reported in obese humans and rodents. Similar deficits have been reported in cocaine-addicts and cocaine-exposed primates. We found that D2R/D3R binding availability negatively correlated with measures of body weight at the time of scan (ventral striatum), at 1 (ventral striatum) and 2 months (dorsal and ventral striatum) post scan in rats. Cocaine preference was negatively correlated with D2R/D3R binding availability 2 months (ventral striatum) post scan. Our findings suggest that inherent deficits in striatal D2R/D3R signaling are related to obesity and drug addiction susceptibility and that ventral and dorsal striatum serve dissociable roles in maintaining weight gain and cocaine preference. Measuring D2R/D3R binding availability provides a way for assessing susceptibility to weight gain and cocaine abuse in rodents and given the translational nature of PET imaging, potentially primates and humans.
Michaelides M.; Wang G.; Michaelides M.; Thanos P.K. Kim R.; Cho J.; Ananth M.; Wang G.-J.; Volkow N.D.
Alternative Fuels Data Center: State Agency Preference for Alternative Fuel
State Agency State Agency Preference for Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicles to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: State Agency Preference for Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicles on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: State Agency Preference for Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicles on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: State Agency Preference for Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicles on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: State Agency Preference for Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicles on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: State Agency Preference for Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicles on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center: State Agency Preference for Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicles on
Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #531: August 11, 2008 Preferences for
1: August 11, 1: August 11, 2008 Preferences for Hybrids and Diesels to someone by E-mail Share Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #531: August 11, 2008 Preferences for Hybrids and Diesels on Facebook Tweet about Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #531: August 11, 2008 Preferences for Hybrids and Diesels on Twitter Bookmark Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #531: August 11, 2008 Preferences for Hybrids and Diesels on Google Bookmark Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #531: August 11, 2008 Preferences for Hybrids and Diesels on Delicious Rank Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #531: August 11, 2008 Preferences for Hybrids and Diesels on Digg Find More places to share Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #531: August 11, 2008 Preferences for Hybrids and Diesels on AddThis.com...
An Industrial-Based Consortium to Develop Premium Carbon Products from Coal, Annual Progress Report, October 1, 2003 through September 30, 2004
Since 1998, The Pennsylvania State University (PSU) has been successfully operating the Consortium for Premium Carbon Products from Coal (CPCPC), which is a vehicle for industry-driven research on the promotion, development, and transfer of innovative technology on premium carbon produces from coal to the U.S. industry. The CPCPC is an initiative being led by PSU, its co-charter member West Virginia University (WVU), and the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), who also provides the base funding for the program, with PSU responsible for consortium management. CPCPC began in 1998 under DOE Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC26-98FT40350. This agreement ended November 2004 but the CPCPC activity has continued under the present cooperative agreement, No. DE-FC26-03NT41874, which started October 1, 2003. The objective of the second agreement is to continue the successful operation of the CPCPC. The CPCPC has enjoyed tremendous success with its organizational structure, that includes PSU and WVU as charter members, numerous industrial affiliate members, and strategic university affiliate members together with NETL, forming a vibrant and creative team for innovative research in the area of transforming coal to carbon products. The key aspect of CPCPC is its industry-led council that selects proposals submitted by CPCPC members to ensure CPCPC target areas have strong industrial support. A second contract was executed with DOE NETL starting in October 2003 to continue the activities of CPCPC. An annual funding meeting was held in October 2003 and the council selected 10 projects for funding. Base funding for the projects is provided by NETL with matching funds from industry. Subcontracts were let from Penn State to the various subcontractors on March 1, 2004.
Andresen, John; Schobert, Harold; Miller, Bruce G
Assessment of Preferred Depleted Uranium Disposal Forms
The Department of Energy (DOE) is in the process of converting about 700,000 metric tons (MT) of depleted uranium hexafluoride (DUF6) containing 475,000 MT of depleted uranium (DU) to a stable form more suitable for long-term storage or disposal. Potential conversion forms include the tetrafluoride (DUF4), oxide (DUO2 or DU3O8), or metal. If worthwhile beneficial uses cannot be found for the DU product form, it will be sent to an appropriate site for disposal. The DU products are considered to be low-level waste (LLW) under both DOE orders and Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) regulations. The objective of this study was to assess the acceptability of the potential DU conversion products at potential LLW disposal sites to provide a basis for DOE decisions on the preferred DU product form and a path forward that will ensure reliable and efficient disposal.
Croff, A.G.; Hightower, J.R.; Lee, D.W.; Michaels, G.E.; Ranek, N.L.; Trabalka, J.R.
EIS-0391: Notice of Preferred Alternative | Department of Energy
Notice of Preferred Alternative Notice of Preferred Alternative EIS-0391: Notice of Preferred Alternative DOE's Preferred Alternative for Certain Tanks Evaluated in the Final Tank Closure and Waste Management Environmental Impact Statement for the Hanford Site, Richland, Washington The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is announcing its preferred alternative for wastes contained in underground radioactive waste storage tanks evaluated in the Final Tank Closure and Waste Management Environmental Impact Statement for the Hanford Site, Richland, Washington (Final TC & WM EIS, DOE/EIS-0391, December 2012). With regard to those wastes that, in the future, may be properly and legally classified as mixed transuranic waste (mixed TRU waste). DOE's preferred alternative is to retrieve, treat,
Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #418: April 3, 2006 Consumer Preference
8: April 3, 2006 8: April 3, 2006 Consumer Preference on Gasoline Tax vs. Fuel Economy Regulation to someone by E-mail Share Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #418: April 3, 2006 Consumer Preference on Gasoline Tax vs. Fuel Economy Regulation on Facebook Tweet about Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #418: April 3, 2006 Consumer Preference on Gasoline Tax vs. Fuel Economy Regulation on Twitter Bookmark Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #418: April 3, 2006 Consumer Preference on Gasoline Tax vs. Fuel Economy Regulation on Google Bookmark Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #418: April 3, 2006 Consumer Preference on Gasoline Tax vs. Fuel Economy Regulation on Delicious Rank Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #418: April 3, 2006 Consumer Preference on Gasoline Tax vs. Fuel Economy Regulation on Digg
Son preference and fertility in China, South Korea, and the United States
The goal of this dissertation is to contribute in three ways to the literature on son preference and fertility through a comparative perspective. First, I examine the impact of son preference on fertility in China and South Korea compared with the United States. The impact that a female birth has on the likelihood of a woman having another birth is of the most concern: Women who have one or two daughter(s) as previous child(ren) are expected to be more likely to experience the hazard of having a second or a third birth. Second, my dissertation attempts to examine the effects of women�s status on son preference if women�s education reduces son preference. Third, my dissertation examines son preference and fertility in the U.S. Even though the U.S. has never shown son preference regarding sex ratios at birth, recent research has shown this association to exist among poor Hispanics. My dissertation used data from a national sample, 2002 National Survey of Family Growth. The results showed that women in China and South Korea who had a daughter instead of a son as their first child had a higher hazard of having a second birth as expected. Moreover, the results showed that the hazard ratio of having a third birth for Chinese and South Korean women was almost four and five times more, respectively. As expected, the hazard ratios for the U.S. were not significant and thus did not support the hypothesis. And the more educated women who had a daughter(s) instead of a son(s) as their previous child(ren) were less likely to have a second birth, but not in the third birth. This means women�s education apparently does not reduce son preference in the case of the third birth. Thus, women�s education apparently has limited or no influence on the childbearing decision where son preference is strong. Third, Hispanic women with low socioeconomic status did not have a significant hazard ratio of having a higher order birth. Accordingly, the dissertation does not find any statistical evidence of American son preference at the national level.
Min, Ho Sik
Preferred methods of analysis for chemical tracers in moderate...
Preferred methods of analysis for chemical tracers in moderate- and high-temperature geothermal environments Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Report:...
Public Preferences Related to Consent-Based Siting of Radioactive...
to Consent-Based Siting of Radioactive Waste Management Facilities for Storage and Disposal Public Preferences Related to Consent-Based Siting of Radioactive Waste...
The naturally fractured Spraberry Trend Area is one of the largest reservoirs in the domestic U.S. and is the largest reservoir in area extent in the world. Production from Spraberry sands is found over a 2,500 sq. mile area and Spraberry reservoirs can be found in an eight county area in west Texas. Over 150 operators produce 65,000 barrels of oil per day (bopd) from the Spraberry Trend Area from more than 9,000 production wells. Recovery is poor, on the order of 7-10% due to the profoundly complicated nature of the reservoir, yet billions of barrels of hydrocarbons remain. We estimate over 15% of remaining reserves in domestic Class III reservoirs are in Spraberry Trend Area reservoirs. This tremendous domestic asset is a prime example of an endangered hydrocarbon resource in need of immediate technological advancements before thousands of wells are permanently abandoned. This report describes the final work of the project, ''Preferred Waterflood Management Practices for the Spraberry Trend Area.'' The objective of this project is to significantly increase field-wide production in the Spraberry Trend in a short time frame through the application of preferred practices for managing and optimizing water injection. Our goal is to dispel negative attitudes and lack of confidence in water injection and to document the methodology and results for public dissemination to motivate waterflood expansion in the Spraberry Trend. This objective has been accomplished through research in three areas: (1) detail historical review and extensive reservoir characterization, (2) production data management, and (3) field demonstration. This provides results of the final year of the three-year project for each of the three areas.
Learning valued preference structures for solving classification problems
This paper introduces a new approach to classification which combines pairwise decomposition techniques with ideas and tools from fuzzy preference modeling. More specifically, our approach first decomposes a polychotomous classification problem involving ... Keywords: Classification, Decision analysis, Fuzzy preference relations, Machine learning
Eyke H�llermeier; Klaus Brinker
Understand Employee Attitudes and Preferences About Commuting Alternatives
Understand Employee Attitudes and Preferences About Commuting Understand Employee Attitudes and Preferences About Commuting Alternatives for Greenhouse Gas Profile Understand Employee Attitudes and Preferences About Commuting Alternatives for Greenhouse Gas Profile October 7, 2013 - 2:21pm Addthis YOU ARE HERE Step 2 For evaluating a greenhouse gas (GHG) profile, assess the employees' level of satisfaction with the commute relative to the commute methods used. Also assess the willingness of employees to try alternatives to single-occupancy vehicle commuting at a given worksite. Preferences for alternatives might also be examined by employee home location to determine, for example, whether employees residing in certain areas are more receptive to bus travel versus carpooling. The highest stated preferences might be targeted for trip reduction campaigns.
An Industrial-Based Consortium to Develop Premium Carbon Products from Coal, Annual Progress Report, October 1, 2004 through September 30, 2005
Since 1998, The Pennsylvania State University (PSU) has been successfully operating the Consortium for Premium Carbon Products from Coal (CPCPC), which is a vehicle for industry-driven research on the promotion, development, and transfer of innovative technology on premium carbon produces from coal to the U.S. industry. The CPCPC is an initiative being led by PSU, its co-charter member West Virginia University (WVU), and the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), who also provides the base funding for the program, with PSU responsible for consortium management. CPCPC began in 1998 under DOE Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC26-98FT40350. This agreement ended November 2004 but the CPCPC activity has continued under the present cooperative agreement, No. DE-FC26-03NT41874, which started October 1, 2003. The objective of the second agreement is to continue the successful operation of the CPCPC. The CPCPC has enjoyed tremendous success with its organizational structure, that includes PSU and WVU as charter members, numerous industrial affiliate members, and strategic university affiliate members together with NETL, forming a vibrant and creative team for innovative research in the area of transforming coal to carbon products. The key aspect of CPCPC is its industry-led council that selects proposals submitted by CPCPC members to ensure CPCPC target areas have strong industrial support. A second contract was executed with DOE NETL starting in October 2003 to continue the activities of CPCPC. An annual funding meeting was held in October 2003 and the council selected ten projects for funding. Base funding for the projects is provided by NETL with matching funds from industry. Subcontracts were let from Penn State to the subcontractors on March 1, 2004. Nine of the ten projects have been completed and the final reports for these 2004 projects are attached. An annual funding meeting was held in November 2004 and the council selected eleven projects for funding. Subcontracts were let from Penn State to the subcontractors on March 1, 2005. Three additional projects were selected for funding during the April 2005 tutorial/funding meeting. Subcontracts were let from Penn State to the subcontractors on July 1, 2005.
Miller, Bruce G
An Industrial-Based Consortium to Develop Premium Carbon Products from Coal, Annual Progress Report, October 1, 2005 through September 30, 2006
Since 1998, The Pennsylvania State University has been successfully managing the Consortium for Premium Carbon Products from Coal (CPCPC), which is a vehicle for industry-driven research on the promotion, development, and transfer of innovative technology on premium carbon produces from coal to the U.S. industry. The CPCPC is an initiative being led by Penn State, its co-charter member West Virginia University (WVU), and the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), who also provides the base funding for the program, with Penn State responsible for consortium management. CPCPC began in 1998 under DOE Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC26-98FT40350. This agreement ended November 2004 but the CPCPC activity has continued under the present cooperative agreement, No. DE-FC26-03NT41874, which started October 1, 2003. The objective of the second agreement is to continue the successful operation of the CPCPC. The CPCPC has enjoyed tremendous success with its organizational structure, that includes Penn State and WVU as charter members, numerous industrial affiliate members, and strategic university affiliate members together with NETL, forming a vibrant and creative team for innovative research in the area of transforming coal to carbon products. The key aspect of CPCPC is its industry-led council that selects proposals submitted by CPCPC members to ensure CPCPC target areas have strong industrial support. Base funding for the selected projects is provided by NETL with matching funds from industry. At the annual funding meeting held in October 2003, ten projects were selected for funding. Subcontracts were let from Penn State to the subcontractors on March 1, 2004. Nine of the ten 2004 projects were completed during the previous annual reporting period and their final reports were submitted with the previous annual report (i.e., 10/01/04-09/30/05). The final report for the remaining project, which was submitted during this reporting period (i.e., 10/01/05-09/30/06), is attached. At the annual funding meeting held in November 2004, eleven projects were selected for funding. Subcontracts were let from Penn State to the subcontractors on March 1, 2005. Three additional projects were selected for funding during the April 2005 tutorial/funding meeting. Subcontracts were let from Penn State to the subcontractors on July 1, 2005. Of these fourteen 2005 projects, eleven have been completed and the final reports are attached. An annual funding meeting was held in November 2005 and the council selected five projects for funding. Subcontracts were let from Penn State to the subcontractors on March 1, 2006, except for one that started October 1, 2006.
Work Costs and Nonconvex Preferences in the Estimation of Labor Supply Models
We first critique the manner in which work costs have been introduced into labor supply estimation, and note the difficulty of incorporating a realistic rendering of the costs of work. We then show that, if work costs are not acounted for in the budget and time constraints in a structural labor supply model, they will be subsumed into the data generating preferences. We show that even if underlying preferences over consumption and leisure are convex, the presence of unobservable work costs can make these preferences appear nonconvex. Absent strong functional form assumptions, these work costs are not identified in data commonly used for labor supply estimation. However, we show that even if work costs cannot be separately identified, policy relevant calculations, such as estimates of the effect of tax changes on labor supply and deadweight loss calculations, are not affected by the fact that estimated preferences incorporate work costs. We would like to thank Joe Altonji and Chris Taber for valuable conversations, and seminar participants
Bradley T. Heim; Bruce D. Meyer
This report describes the work performed during the second year of the project, ''Preferred Waterflood Management Practices for the Spraberry Trend Area''. The objective of this project is to significantly increase field-wide production in the Spraberry Trend in a short time frame through the application of preferred practices for managing and optimizing water injection. Our goal is to dispel negative attitudes and lack of confidence in water injection and to document the methodology and results for public dissemination to motivate waterflood expansion in the Spraberry Trend. To achieve this objective, in this period we concentrated our effort on characterization of Germania Unit using an analog field ET ODaniel unit and old cased hole neutron. Petrophysical Characterization of the Germania Spraberry units requires a unique approach for a number of reasons--limited core data, lack of modern log data and absence of directed studies within the unit. The need for characterization of the Germania unit has emerged as a first step in the review, understanding and enhancement of the production practices applicable within the unit and the trend area in general. In the absence or lack of the afore mentioned resources, an approach that will rely heavily on previous petrophysical work carried out in the neighboring ET O'Daniel unit (6.2 miles away), and normalization of the old log data prior to conventional interpretation techniques will be used. A log-based rock model has been able to guide successfully the prediction of pay and non-pay intervals within the ET O'Daniel unit, and will be useful if found applicable within the Germania unit. A novel multiple regression technique utilizing non-parametric transformations to achieve better correlations in predicting a dependent variable (permeability) from multiple independent variables (rock type, shale volume and porosity) will also be investigated in this study. A log data base includes digitized formats of Gamma Ray, Cased Hole Neutron, limited Resistivity and Neutron/Density/Sonic porosity logs over a considerable wide area. In addition, a progress report on GSU waterflood pilot is reported for this period. We have seen positive response of water injection on new wells. We believe by proper data acquisition and precise reservoir engineering techniques, any lack of confidence in waterflooding can be overcome. Therefore, we develop field management software to control a vast data from the pilot and to perform precise reservoir engineering techniques such as decline curve analysis, gas and oil material balances, bubble map plot and PVT analysis. The manual for this software is listed in the Appendix-A.
C. M. Sizemore; David S. Schechter
Household Preferences for Supporting Renewable Energy, and Barriers...
Household Preferences for Supporting Renewable Energy, and Barriers to Green Power Demand Speaker(s): Ryan Wiser Date: May 9, 2002 - 12:00pm Location: Bldg. 90 Nearly 40% of the...
DOE Announces Preference for Disposal of Hanford Transuranic...
is properly classified in the future as defense-related mixed transuranic tank waste (mixed TRU waste). This preferred alternative, which may cover up to approximately 3.1...
DOE Announces Preferred Alternatives For Moab, Utah, Uranium Mill Tailings
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE))
WASHINGTON, DC � The U.S. Department of Energy today announced the department�s preferred alternatives for remediation of the Moab, Utah, Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action Project Site:� active...
?? This study analyzed preferences for wetland-loss prevention in coastal Louisiana. Data were obtained through a contingent-valuation mail survey of a random sample of Louisiana� (more)
Moore, Ross Gordon
DOE Identifies its Preferred Alternative for Certain Hanford...
4:27pm Addthis In a Federal Register notice issued March 11, 2013, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced its preferred alternative for wastes contained in underground...
A fair assignment algorithm for multiple preference queries
Consider an internship assignment system, where at the end of each academic year, interested university students search and apply for available positions, based on their preferences (e.g., nature of the job, salary, office location, etc). In a variety ...
Leong Hou U; Nikos Mamoulis; Kyriakos Mouratidis
Developing an adaptive model of thermal comfort and preference
is that people in warm climate zones prefer warmer indoorpeople living in cold climate zones. This is contrary to theall building types, climate zones, and populations (e.g. ,
de Dear, Richard; Brager, G. S.
EIS-0287: Notice of Preferred Sodium Bearing Waste Treatment Technology |
Preferred Sodium Bearing Waste Treatment Preferred Sodium Bearing Waste Treatment Technology EIS-0287: Notice of Preferred Sodium Bearing Waste Treatment Technology Idaho High-Level Waste (HLW) and Facilities Disposition In October 2002, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE or the Department) issued the Final Idaho High-Level Waste (HLW) and Facilities Disposition Environmental Impact Statement (DOE/EIS-0287 (Final EIS)). The Final EIS contains an evaluation of reasonable alternatives for the management of mixed transuranic waste/sodium bearing waste (SBW),1 mixed HLW calcine, and associated low-level waste (LLW), as well as disposition alternatives for HLW facilities when their missions are completed. DOE/EIS-0287, Notice of Preferred Sodium Bearing Waste Treatment Technology, Office of Environmental Management, Idaho, 70 FR 44598 (August
Colorado Homeowner Preferences on Energy and Environmental Policy
This survey inquiring into Colorado homeowners' preferences on energy and environmental policy shows that more-affluent, married Colorado single-family homeowners are somewhat favorable to utility restructuring; want to see green power developed; prefer to share the costs broadly by various means; are willing to pay slightly higher electricity rates to develop renewable sources of electricity; and believe that utility customers don't have enough choice in their electric service today.
Farhar, B. C.; Coburn, T. C.
Preferred methods of analysis for chemical tracers in moderate- and
Preferred methods of analysis for chemical tracers in moderate- and Preferred methods of analysis for chemical tracers in moderate- and high-temperature geothermal environments Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Report: Preferred methods of analysis for chemical tracers in moderate- and high-temperature geothermal environments Details Activities (2) Areas (2) Regions (0) Abstract: This report describes the sampling and analytical techniques used for tracer analysis in the Raft River and East Mesa field tests. The collection procedures and sample preservation techniques, analytical methods and possible sources of contamination or error are discussed in detail. Author(s): Kroneman, R. L.; Yorgason, K. R.; Moore, J. N. Published: DOE Information Bridge, 12/1/1984 Document Number: Unavailable DOI: 10.2172/5121460
Modelling knowlesi malaria transmission in humans: vector preference and host competence
availability previously, in this analysis, heterogeneity in vector preferences is examined. Also important in malaria transmission
Yakob, Laith; Bonsall, Michael B; Yan, Guiyun
Expressing and processing complex preferences in route planning queries: Towards a fuzzy-set-based approach
In this paper, we propose a contribution for a new generation of route planners able to deal with complex and sophisticated preferences. Fuzzy set theory is advocated as a framework for modelling preferences. First, a typology of user preferences that ... Keywords: Bipolarity, Fuzzy sets, Preferences, Route planning
A. Hadjali; A. Mokhtari; O. Pivert
Consolidating SWOT analysis with nonhomogeneous uncertain preference information
SWOT analysis is an important support tool for decision-making, and is commonly used to systematically analyze organizations' internal and external environments. However, one of its deficiencies is in the measurement and evaluation of prioritization ... Keywords: Multiple criteria group decision-making (MCGDM), Nonhomogeneous uncertain preference information, Priority, SWOT, Transform functions, Uncertain OWA operator
Chang-Yuan Gao; Ding-Hong Peng
Production Model and Consumer Preferences for Texas Pecans
High prices in any industry, agricultural especially, tend to spur new investment opportunities. Recent prices for pecans have been high relative to their historical pattern, suggesting investment opportunities for pecans. Prior to any investment, the investor needs to know what products consumers are demanding and how profitable it is to grow those products. This study assessed Texas consumers' preferences for pecan products and the profitability of growing pecans in the central Texas region. A choice experiment was conducted amongst Texas consumers to reveal consumers' preferences and determine their willingness-to-pay for the attributes comprising pecan products. A stochastic production model was formulated to determine the profitability of three different types of pecan orchards: a native orchard with no irrigation, an improved varieties orchard with irrigation, and an improved varieties orchard without irrigation. Results from the choice experiment indicated that consumers preferred large size pecans, native variety pecans, pecan halves, United States-grown pecans, and Texas-grown pecans. The choice experiment also found that consumers were heterogeneous in their preferences for all attributes except pecan variety and U.S. origin. Results from the stochastic production model indicated that the most profitable pecan orchard in central Texas was the irrigated improved orchard.
Chammoun, Christopher James
Learning user preferences to maximise occupant comfort in office buildings
It is desirable to ensure that the thermal comfort conditions in offices are in line with the preferences of occupants. Controlling their offices correctly therefore requires the correct prediction of their thermal sensation which is often determined ... Keywords: decision support systems, intelligent systems, thermal comfort
Anika Schumann; Nic Wilson; Mateo Burillo
Premium Power Industrial Park Design
This report is intended to provide insights on the consideration, design, and implementation of power quality (PQ) parks -- business parks where superb electric power quality, reliability, and availability (QRA) are optimized for the businesses within the park.
Homeowner Homeowner Preferences on Energy and Environmental Policy June 1999 * NREL/TP-550-25285 Barbara C. Farhar, Ph.D. Timothy C. Coburn, Ph.D. National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 NREL is a U.S. Department of Energy Laboratory Operated by Midwest Research Institute * * * * Battelle * * * * Bechtel Contract No. DE-AC36-98-GO10337 National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 NREL is a U.S. Department of Energy Laboratory Operated by Midwest Research Institute * * * * Battelle * * * * Bechtel Contract No. DE-AC36-98-GO10337 June 1999 * NREL/TP-550-25285 Colorado Homeowner Preferences on Energy and Environmental Policy Barbara C. Farhar, Ph.D. Timothy C.Coburn, Ph.D. Prepared under Task No. PV908201 NOTICE
Community structure and ethnic preferences in school friendship networks
Recently developed concepts and techniques of analyzing complex systems provide new insight into the structure of social networks. Uncovering recurrent preferences and organizational principles in such networks is a key issue to characterize them. We investigate school friendship networks from the Add Health database. Applying threshold analysis, we find that the friendship networks do not form a single connected component through mutual strong nominations within a school, while under weaker conditions such interconnectedness is present. We extract the networks of overlapping communities at the schools (c-networks) and find that they are scale free and disassortative in contrast to the direct friendship networks, which have an exponential degree distribution and are assortative. Based on the network analysis we study the ethnic preferences in friendship selection. The clique percolation method we use reveals that when in minority, the students tend to build more densely interconnected groups of friends. We al...
Gonz�lez, M C; Kert�sz, J; Vicsek, T
MotorWeek Video Transcript: Ethanol Preferred by Indy Racing
Ethanol Preferred by Indy Racing Ethanol Preferred by Indy Racing John Davis: In an age where drivers switch sponsor allegiances as quickly as they change hats, Team Ethanol Indy Car driver Paul Dana was a rarity: A driver who not only believed in his sponsor's product, he took a personal interest in promoting it. Tragically, a collision during practice killed Paul just hours before the season's first green flag. Although his life was cut short before he ever won a race in the IRL, he leaves behind a champion's legacy no less powerful. We know ethanol is a clean-burning, renewable and American-made alternative to imported petroleum as a fuel for our street cars, but ethanol is also well-suited as a performance fuel. Tim Tom Slunecka: "The ethanol industry has been trying to communicate
Semantic audio content-based music recommendation and visualization based on user preference examples
Preference elicitation is a challenging fundamental problem when designing recommender systems. In the present work we propose a content-based technique to automatically generate a semantic representation of the user's musical preferences directly from ... Keywords: Evaluation, Information systems, Music information retrieval, Preference visualization, Recommender system, User modeling
Dmitry Bogdanov; Mart�N Haro; Ferdinand Fuhrmann; Anna Xamb�; Emilia G�Mez; Perfecto Herrera
Last Stand For Empire: Leo Amery and Imperial Preference
The life and career of Leo Amery are examined with respect to the subject of Imperial Preference. The paper explores Amery's intellectual development and the motivations behind his life-long championing of greater economic unity for the British Empire. Attention focuses on Amery's ministerial career in the 1920s and his efforts to get the United Kingdom to adopt a protective tariff in a bid to stimulate the domestic economy while providing preferential rates to the British colonies and Dominions. The events surrounding the 1932 Ottawa Accords, Amery's exclusion from the decision making process, and the reasons for his political isolation in the 1930s form the conclusion of the work.
Freeman, William David
EIS-0287: Notice of Extension for Time for Comments | Department of Energy
Extension for Time for Comments Extension for Time for Comments EIS-0287: Notice of Extension for Time for Comments Preferred Sodium Bearing Waste Treatment Technology In response to a public request, the Department of Energy (DOE) announces an extension of time to submit comments on the preferred technology announced August 3, 2005 in the Federal Register Notice of Preferred Sodium Bearing Waste Treatment Technology (70 FR 44598) to September 21, 2005. DOE/EIS-0287, Extension for Time for Comments, Department of Energy, Office of Environmental Management, Notice of Preferred Sodium Bearing Waste Treatment Technology, 70 FR 49264 (August 2005) More Documents & Publications EIS-0287: Notice of Preferred Sodium Bearing Waste Treatment Technology Lessons Learned Quarterly Report, September 2005
Energy Efficiency as a Preferred Resource: Evidence from Utility Resource
Energy Efficiency as a Preferred Resource: Evidence from Utility Resource Energy Efficiency as a Preferred Resource: Evidence from Utility Resource Plans in the Western United States and Canada Title Energy Efficiency as a Preferred Resource: Evidence from Utility Resource Plans in the Western United States and Canada Publication Type Journal Article Refereed Designation Unknown Year of Publication 2008 Authors Hopper, Nicole C., Galen L. Barbose, Charles A. Goldman, and Jeff Schlegel Journal Energy Efficiency Journal Volume Volume 2, Number 1 Pagination 24 Date Published 09/2008 Keywords electricity markets and policy group, energy analysis and environmental impacts department Abstract This article examines the future role of energy efficiency as a resource in the Western US and Canada, as envisioned in the most recent resource plans issued by 16 utilities, representing about 60% of the region's load. Utility and third-party-administered energy-efficiency programs proposed by 15 utilities over a 10-year horizon would save almost 19,000 GWh annually, about 5.2% of forecast load. There are clear regional trends in the aggressiveness of proposed energy savings. California's investor-owned utilities (IOUs) had the most aggressive savings targets, followed by IOUs in the Pacific Northwest, and the lowest savings were proposed by utilities in Inland West states and by two public utilities on the West Coast. The adoption of multiple, aggressive policies targeting energy efficiency and climate change appears to produce sizeable energy-efficiency commitments. Certain specific policies, such as mandated energy savings goals for California's IOUs and energy-efficiency provisions in Nevada's Renewable Portfolio Standard, had a direct impact on the level of energy savings included in the resource plans. Other policies, such as revenue decoupling and shareholder incentives and voluntary or legislatively mandated greenhouse gas emission reduction policies, may have also impacted utilities' energy-efficiency commitments, though the effects of these policies are not easily measured. Despite progress among the utilities in our sample, more aggressive energy-efficiency strategies that include high-efficiency standards for additional appliances and equipment, tighter building codes for new construction and renovation, as well as more comprehensive ratepayer-funded energy-efficiency programs are likely to be necessary to achieve a region-wide goal of meeting 20% of electricity demand with efficiency in 2020.
Policy Flash 2013-28 Implementation of Indian Energy Preference Provision
8 Implementation of Indian Energy Preference 8 Implementation of Indian Energy Preference Provision in EP Act 2005 and Acquisition Letter 2013-02 Policy Flash 2013-28 Implementation of Indian Energy Preference Provision in EP Act 2005 and Acquisition Letter 2013-02 Attached is Policy Flash 2013-28 Implementation of Indian Energy Preference Provision in EP Act 2005 and Acquisition Letter 2013-02 Questions concerning this policy flash should be directed to Jason Taylor of the Contract and Financial Assistance Policy Division, Office of Policy, Office of Acquisition and Project Management at (202) 287-1945 or at email@example.com. Policy Flash for Indian Energy Preference (2).pdf AL 02 01 13 (2).pdf Attch_Secretarial Decision Memo_ Indian Energy Preference.pdf Attch_Secretarial Policy Memo.pdf More Documents & Publications
The effects of background adaptation and food availability on habitat preference of Corythoichthys flavofasciatus
ADAPTATION AND FOOD AVAILABILITY ON HABITAT PREFERENCE OFchoice is related to the availability of food, presence ofbackground adaptation, food availability, or a combination
Iyer, Neetha
Orexin-1 receptor antagonism decreases ethanol consumption and preference selectively in high-ethanolepreferring
Work from our laboratory has shown that orexin (ORX; or hypocretin) neurons in the lateral hypothalamus are involved in preference for morphine, cocaine, and food. Other groups have demonstrated a connection between the ORX system and ethanol-related behaviors. Here, we extended those results to investigate, in outbred SpragueeDawley rats, the relationship between ethanol preference and the ORX system. In Experiment 1, rats were trained to drink 10 % ethanol using the intermittent access (IA) technique. In Experiment 2, different groups of rats were trained to drink 10 % ethanol using either IA or the sucrose-fade (SF) technique. Following ethanol-drinking acquisition, ethanol preference was assessed using two-bottle-choice tests. The rats were then tested for changes in preference with additional two-bottle-choice tests following administration of the orexin-1 receptor antagonist SB-334867 (SB; 30 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). Differences in ethanol preference were observed across individuals, with a significantly higher ethanol preference observed in rats trained to drink using IA compared with SF. In both Experiments 1 and 2, SB reduced ethanol preference selectively in rats with high ethanol preference. These results demonstrate a strong, causal relationship between the ORX system and ethanol preference in outbred rats. These findings provide additional evidence that the ORX system provides opportunities to develop novel treatments for alcohol abuse. � 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Spragueedawley Rats; David E. Moorman
Investigation of the Integration of Interstitial Building Spaces on Costs and Time of Facility Maintenance for U.S. Army Hospitals
The U.S. Army Medical Department (AMEDD) has used the interstitial building system (IBS) as a design component for some of the hospitals in its healthcare infrastructure portfolio. Department of Defense (DoD) leadership is aware of increases in healthcare costs and understands the importance of safely reducing costs, which may be possible through design initiatives. An analysis was performed on facility maintenance metrics for ten different U.S. Army hospitals, including IBS design and conventional / non-interstitial building system (NIBS) design. Statistical analysis indicated a significant difference in cost and time data between IBS and NIBS for most of the building systems considered (HVAC, electrical, plumbing, and interior). Scheduled maintenance for the plumbing building system was not found to have a significant difference in costs; scheduled maintenance for the HVAC and plumbing building system was not found to have a significant difference in time expended. The data in this study showed that facility maintenance cost and time were generally lower for IBS than NIBS. Time spent (and associated cost) for scheduled maintenance of the electrical and plumbing building systems were slightly higher in IBS, though not significantly higher for plumbing. It may be easier to reach the plumbing and electrical building systems due to the greater accessibility afforded by IBS design. While a cost premium is estimated for integrating IBS design, the savings provided by life cycle facility maintenance is estimated to be up to three and a half times the initial cost premium.
Leveridge, Autumn Tamara
Cell phone usage and broad feature preferences: A study among Finnish undergraduate students
The purpose of this study is to investigate the cell phone use and broad cell phone feature preferences among high school and undergraduate in Finland. Of particular interest is the issue of gender differences regarding the use of the cell phones and ... Keywords: Cell phone usage, Conceptualization, Feature preferences
Matti Haverila
Goal programming approaches to obtain the priority vectors from the intuitionistic fuzzy preference relations
The priority method on the intuitionistic fuzzy preference relation (IFPR) is proposed. In order to avoid the operational difficulty in dealing with the intuitionistic sets, the equivalent interval matrices of the IFPR are introduced. Based on the multiplicative ... Keywords: Goal programming, Intuitionistic fuzzy sets, Preference relation, Priority
Zai-Wu Gong; Lian-Shui Li; Fei-Xue Zhou; Tian-Xiang Yao
On a group schedule management system using preference-based distributed ATMS
ATMS On a group schedule management system using preference-based distributed ATMS y y Takayuki Ito Science Abstract: In this paper, we propose a group schedule management system using a preference- based distributed ATMS (Assumption-based Truth Maintenance System). We can classify group schedules into three types
Commissioning an animal preference chamber for behavioral studies with laying hens exposed to atmospheric ammonia
An environmental preference chamber (EPC) with four double-tiered compartments (C1-C4), each capable of being controlled to distinct ammonia (NH"3) concentrations and temperature, was designed, fabricated and commissioned. Preference chambers are commonly ... Keywords: Ambient conditions, Animal welfare, Automatic control, Cross-contamination
G. T. Sales, A. R. Green, R. S. Gates
An integrated QFD framework with multiple formatted and incomplete preferences: A sustainable supply chain application
Merging sustainable development with the business, and taking goals into account from its three dimensions (i.e., economic, environmental and social) which are derived from customer and stakeholder requirements have been a potential source of competitive ... Keywords: Fuzzy sets, Incomplete preference, Multiple preference, Quality function deployment, Sustainable supply chain
G�L�In B�Y�K�Zkan, Gizem �If�I
DOE Announces Preference for Disposal of Hanford Transuranic Tank Waste at
Announces Preference for Disposal of Hanford Transuranic Tank Announces Preference for Disposal of Hanford Transuranic Tank Waste at WIPP DOE Announces Preference for Disposal of Hanford Transuranic Tank Waste at WIPP March 6, 2013 - 12:00pm Addthis WASHINGTON, D.C. - Today the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced its preferred alternative to retrieve, treat, package, characterize and certify certain Hanford tank waste for disposal at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) in Carlsbad, New Mexico, if such waste is properly classified in the future as defense-related mixed transuranic tank waste (mixed TRU waste). This preferred alternative, which may cover up to approximately 3.1 million gallons of tank waste contained in up to 20 tanks, will provide DOE with an option to deal with recent information about possible tank leaks and to
Congressional Preferences and the Advancement of American Nuclear Waste Policy.
??The problem of nuclear waste disposal has existed since the time of the Manhattan Project in World War II. Although there exist a number of� (more)
Ternate, Rhoel Gonzales
Using FQFD to analyze island accommodation management in fuzzy linguistic preferences
Tourists' service management has become a strategic issue for hospitality industry in tourism management field. By improving accommodation performances, hospitality firms increase customer satisfaction and gain market shares. Nonetheless, most previously ... Keywords: FQFD, Fuzzy linguistic preferences, Island accommodation management
Ling-Zhong Lin; Wen-Chiang Chen; Tsun-Jin Chang
The Antioxidant Vitamins C & EChapter 11 Vitamin E: Evidence for the 2:1 Preference
The Antioxidant Vitamins C & E Chapter 11 Vitamin E: Evidence for the 2:1 Preference Health Nutrition Biochemistry eChapters Health - Nutrition - Biochemistry Press Downloadable pdf of Chapter 11 Vitamin E: Evi
Preferred and Unpreferred Circulation Types in the Northern Hemisphere Wintertime Phase space
This study addresses two questions: 1) whether there are local density maxima and minima in the Northern Hemisphere extratropical wintertime circulation phase space and 2) if so, what the preferred circulation types are. All investigations are ...
Zoltan Toth
Public Preferences Related to Consent-Based Siting of Radioactive Waste
Public Preferences Related to Consent-Based Siting of Radioactive Public Preferences Related to Consent-Based Siting of Radioactive Waste Management Facilities for Storage and Disposal Public Preferences Related to Consent-Based Siting of Radioactive Waste Management Facilities for Storage and Disposal This report provides findings from a set of social science studies undertaken by the Center for Risk and Crisis Management (CRCM) and Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), which focus on public attitudes and preferences concerning the siting of nuclear repositories and interim storage facilities. Overall these studies are intended to be responsive to the recommendation of the Blue Ribbon Commission on America's Nuclear Future (BRC) that US Department of Energy (DOE) learn as much as possible from prior experience. As stated by the BRC (BRC 2012: 118): "To ensure
Managing time
Professionals overwhelmed with information glut can find hope from new insights about time management.
Peter J. Denning
Entropic Time
The formulation of quantum mechanics within the framework of entropic dynamics includes several new elements. In this paper we concentrate on one of them: the implications for the theory of time. Entropic time is introduced as a book-keeping device to keep track of the accumulation of changes. One new feature is that, unlike other concepts of time appearing in the so-called fundamental laws of physics, entropic time incorporates a natural distinction between past and future.
Caticha, Ariel [Department of Physics, University at Albany-SUNY, Albany, NY 12222 (United States)
Represents Premium Diesel WG Company Classification ...
... ExxonMobil Producer yes *July07 Gardner, KW Fuels Quality Manager firstname.lastname@example.com (703) 846-5400 (703) 846-4831 ...
Per-Mile Premiums for Auto Insurance
Social Cost of Motor-vehicle Use In the United States, Based on 1990-1991,� June 1997, Institute of Transportation
Edlin, Aaron S.
Retail Prices for Premium Gasoline - Reformulated Areas
Cities : Boston: 3.926: 3.889: 3.832: 3.808: 3.766: 3.736: 2003-2013: Chicago: 4.070: 4.020: 3.928: 3.846: 3.863: 3.853: 2000-2013: Houston: 3.671: 3.597: 3.546: 3 ...
Retail Prices for Premium Gasoline - Conventional Areas
Cities : Cleveland: 3.891: 3.771: 3.675: 3.758: 3.628: 3.514: 2003-2013: Denver: 3.811: 3.823: 3.811: 3.787: 3.732: 3.685: 2000-2013: Miami: 4.096: 4.078: 4.045: 4 ...
Cities : Cleveland: 2.972: 3.384: 2.540: 2.962: 3.705: 3.809: 2003-2012: Denver: 2.997: 3.388: 2.468: 2.885 : 2000-2010: Miami: 3.098: 3.626: 2.701: 3.106: 3.891: 4 ...
Cities : Boston: 2.942: 3.407: 2.535: 2.976: 3.789: 3.939: 2003-2012: Chicago: 3.154: 3.623: 2.675: 3.158 : 2000-2010: Houston: 2.831: 3.341: 2.438: 2.870 : 2000-2010 ...
DOE Patents (OSTI)
The timing device comprises an escapement wheel and pallet, a spring drive to rotate the escapement wheel to a zero position, means to wind the pretensioned spring proportional to the desired signal time, and a cam mechanism to control an electrical signal switch by energizing the switch when the spring has been wound to the desired position, and deenergizing it when it reaches the zero position. This device produces an accurately timed signal variably witain the control of the operator.
Bennett, A.E.; Geisow, J.C.H.
Free Energy Analysis of the Conformational Preferences of A and B Forms of DNA in Solution
Free Energy Analysis of the Conformational Preferences of A and B Forms of DNA in Solution B indicates the free energy associated with the explicit organization of the mobile counterions around the total free energy, preferentially stabilizing the B form. At low water activity, with the hydration
Jayaram, Bhyravabotla
High school seniors' social network and other ICT use preferences and concerns
The study develops an in-depth picture of teens' thoughts and opinions related to social networks and ICT's, particularly preferences towards, and concerns related to, their use. Using a series of six semi-structured focus group interviews, data were ... Keywords: ICTs, MySpace, facebook, social networking, teens
Denise E. Agosto; June Abbas
Supporting international entry decisions for construction firms using fuzzy preference relations and cumulative prospect theory
This paper emphasizes on supporting international entry decisions for construction firms in a three-phase analysis process. Phase I identified significant factors as two categories, namely country and project factor levels. Phase II stuck on identifying ... Keywords: Alternative selection, Construction firms, Cumulative prospect theory, Fuzzy preference relations, International construction market
Min-Yuan Cheng; Hsing-Chih Tsai; Kai-Hsiang Chuang
Dynamics of obsidian ows inferred from microstructures: insights from microlite preferred orientations
orientations Jonathan Castro a;�? , Michael Manga b , Katharine Cashman c a Department of Geology, 52 W. Lorain and the type of flow across the surface. Microlite preferred orientations are used to investigate. Orientation distributions imply that radial spreading accompanied by flattening was the dominant mechanism
Manga, Michael
Universal dimensions of human mate preferences Todd K. Shackelford a,*, David P. Schmitt b
Universal dimensions of human mate preferences Todd K. Shackelford a,*, David P. Schmitt b , David (for reviews, see Buss, 1998, 2003; Gangestad & Simpson, 2000; Okami & Shackelford, 0191-8869/$ - see author. Tel.: +1 954 236 1179; fax: +1 954 236 1099. E-mail address: firstname.lastname@example.com (T.K. Shackelford
Pillow, Jonathan
Multi-objective calibration and fuzzy preference selection of a distributed hydrological model
Multi-objective evaluation of distributed hydrological models enables an analysis of prediction behaviour of individual sub-systems within a catchment. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate an application of multi-response, multisite calibration strategy ... Keywords: Distributed hydrological model, Fuzzy set, Genetic algorithm, Multi-objective calibration, Preference selection, Streamflow uncertainty, Water balance
Rajesh Raj Shrestha; Michael Rode
Measuring the success possibility of implementing advanced manufacturing technology by utilizing the consistent fuzzy preference relations
Yusuff et al. [Yusuff, R. M., Yee, K. P., & Hashmi, M. S. J. (2001). A preliminary study on the potential use of the analytical hierarchical process (AHP) to predict advanced manufacturing technology (AMT) implementation. Robotics and Computer Integrated ... Keywords: Advanced manufacturing technology (AMT), Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), Consistent fuzzy preference relations (CFPR), Pairwise comparison
Tsung-Han Chang; Tien-Chin Wang
UC-eLinks and Google Scholar Setting Up Scholar Preferences
UC-eLinks and Google Scholar Page 1 04/08 Setting Up Scholar Preferences The University of California has worked with Google Scholar (www.scholar.google.com) to make it easy to determine if a specific interesting articles. When on campus, UC-eLinks will appear automatically in Google Scholar. If you are off
California at San Diego, University of
Evolutionary algorithms with preference polyhedron for interval multi-objective optimization problems
Multi-objective optimization problems (MOPs) with interval parameters are ubiquitous in real-world applications. Existing evolutionary optimization methods, however, aim to obtain a set of well-converged and evenly-distributed Pareto-optimal solutions. ... Keywords: Evolutionary algorithm, Interaction, Interval, Multi-objective optimization, Preference polyhedron
Dunwei Gong; Jing Sun; Xinfang Ji
Solving interval multi-objective optimization problems using evolutionary algorithms with preference polyhedron
Multi-objective optimization (MOO) problems with interval parameters are popular and important in real-world applications. Previous evolutionary optimization methods aim to find a set of well-converged and evenly-distributed Pareto-optimal solutions. ... Keywords: evolutionary algorithm, interaction, interval, multi-objective optimization, preference polyhedron
Jing Sun; Dunwei Gong; Xiaoyan Sun
Energy Efficiency as a Preferred Resource: Evidence from Utility Resource Plans in the Western United
LBNL-1023E Energy Efficiency as a Preferred Resource: Evidence from Utility Resource Plans://eetd.lbl.gov/ea/EMS/EMS_pubs.html Pre-print version of article to be published in Energy Efficiency Journal. "The journal article can be found in the Energy Efficiency Journal at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-008-9030-x" The work
Robot navigation in very cluttered environments by preference-based fuzzy behaviors
One of the key challenges in application of Autonomous Ground Vehicles (AGVs) is navigation in environments that are densely cluttered with obstacles. The control task becomes more complex when the configuration of obstacles is not known a priori. The ... Keywords: Cluttered environment, Preference-based fuzzy behaviors, Robot navigation
Majura F. Selekwa; Damion D. Dunlap; Dongqing Shi; Emmanuel G. Collins, Jr.
. The federal government's EnerGuide program was introduced in 1978 to provide information to encourage the adoption of more energy efficient appliances to reduce energy demand (NRCan, 1994). Recently, Nanduri et al. (2002) undertook a stated preference discrete choice survey to evaluate the effectiveness of the EnerGuide
Individual differences in preferred steering effort for steer-by-wire systems
Steer-by-wire systems provide drivers with the opportunity to personalize steering settings in vehicles. Studies conducted in the past have indicated that preferences for steering effort, one of the factors which affect steering feel, vary based on individual ... Keywords: human machine interface, steer-by-wire, steering effort, steering feel, steering systems
Swethan Anand; Jacques Terken; Jeroen Hogema
Digestion time
Digestion time Digestion time Name: Don Mancosh Location: N/A Country: N/A Date: N/A Question: I have always given the rule of thumb in class that material we eat is with us for about 24 hours before exiting the body. The question arises about the time value of liquids. Getting a big coke prior to a 3 hour drive generally means that there will be a stop along the way. Is there a generalization made about liquids in the body similar to the one for solid food? Replies: A physician would give a better answer, but I hazard this: the only liquids which people consume (deliberately) in significant quantities are water, ethyl alcohol and various oils. Water and alcohol are absorbed on a time scale of seconds to minutes through the mouth, stomach and digestive tract. The oils are huge molecules, so I'd guess like any other greasy food they get absorbed in the upper digestive tract. Some of them, perhaps the longest and most nonpolar, are not absorbed at all --- cf. the old-time remedy of mineral oil for constipation --- so there should be some average time-before-what's-left-is-excreted such as you're looking for, and my (wild) guess is that it would not differ substantially from that for food. You can define an average lifetime in the body for alcohol, since the natural level is zero. Rough guidelines are widespread in the context of drunk driving laws. But this is not really possible for water. One's body is normally full up to the brim with water, and there's no way for the body to distinguish between water molecules recently absorbed and molecules that've been moping around since the Beatles split up. Thus the water entering the toilet bowl after the pit stop is not in general the same water as was in the big coke. If you were to consider for water just the average time between drinking and peeing, it would seem to depend strongly on how well hydrated the body was before the drink, and how much was drunk. During sustained heavy exertion in the sun and dry air one can easily drink a pint of water an hour without peeing at all. On the other hand, if one is willing to drink enough water fast enough, so as to establish a high excess of body water one can pee 8 ounces 15 minutes or less after drinking 8 ounces.
Understanding visual preferences for landscapes: an examination of the relationship between aesthetics and emotional bonding
The relationship between humans and the quality of the environment have been examined primarily through two conceptual constructs: landscape aesthetics and place attachment or emotional place bonding. The former focuses on the physical environment and the latter focuses on the emotional or symbolic environment. This study focused on understanding the relationship between the two constructs, and provided a framework to integrate them toward a more comprehensive visual preference for landscapes. Nasar�s (1989) symbolic model was used as a guiding concept in the study. A web-based survey was used to collect people�s responses to landscapes portrayed in photographs. Four primary measures were used in the survey: landscape aesthetic, typicality (to a national park), emotional place bonding, and landscape visual preference. To further examine the effect of place meaning on responses to landscapes, respondents were told during the survey that landscape pictures were taken from different places, which were assigned randomly as place labels (national park, commercial recreation area, local park, and scenic area). Results indicated that emotional place bonding was significantly and positively influenced by perceived landscape aesthetics through four components: complexity, mystery, coherence, and legibility. Complexity and mystery had more influence on emotional place bonding than the other two components. Results also provided empirical support for Nasar�s (1989) symbolic model. The effect of landscape aesthetics on landscape visual preference was partially mediated by typicality and emotional place bonding. The typicality of a scene to a national park was found to positively influence people�s emotional bonding to the place. The four randomly assigned place labels did not elicit significantly different preferences or emotional responses to the places. This study documented how landscape aesthetics and emotional bonding can be integrated into visual preferences for landscapes. Results also provided evidence for the potential to use emotional bonding information to manage physical landscapes. The study contributes to our understanding and can assist with environment planning and management. Both physical appearance and symbolic/emotional meaning are very important to human perceptions of landscapes, and other attempts should be made to understand how the two constructs contribute to visual preference in future research.
Cheng, Chia-Kuen
Automated solar collector installation design including ability to define heterogeneous design preferences
Embodiments may include systems and methods to create and edit a representation of a worksite, to create various data objects, to classify such objects as various types of pre-defined "features" with attendant properties and layout constraints. As part of or in addition to classification, an embodiment may include systems and methods to create, associate, and edit intrinsic and extrinsic properties to these objects. A design engine may apply of design rules to the features described above to generate one or more solar collectors installation design alternatives, including generation of on-screen and/or paper representations of the physical layout or arrangement of the one or more design alternatives. Embodiments may also include definition of one or more design apertures, each of which may correspond to boundaries in which solar collector layouts should comply with distinct sets of user-defined design preferences. Distinct apertures may provide heterogeneous regions of collector layout according to the user-defined design preferences.
Wayne, Gary; Frumkin, Alexander; Zaydman, Michael; Lehman, Scott; Brenner, Jules
DOE Challenge Home Case Study, Preferred Builders, Old Greenwhich, CT, Custom
Preferred Preferred Builders, Inc. Old Greenwich, CT BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE DOE Challenge Home builders are in the top 1% of builders in the country meeting the extraordinary levels of excellence and quality specifi ed by the U.S. Department of Energy. Every DOE Challenge Home starts with ENERGY STAR for Homes Version 3 for an energy-effi cient home built on a solid foundation of building science research. Then, even more advanced technologies are designed in for a home that goes above and beyond current code to give you the superior quality construction, HVAC, appliances, indoor air quality, safety, durability, comfort, and solar-ready components along with ultra-low or no utility bills. This provides homeowners with a quality home that will last for generations to come.
Blood meal host preferences of Culex salinarius Coquillett (Diptera : culicidae) in Chambers County, Texas
Bloodmeal host preferences were assessed for Culex salinarius populations occurring along the upper Gulf Coast region of East Texas. Over a one-year period beginning in September 1991, blood-engorged female Cx. salinarius specimens were collected on a monthly basis from three field sites in Chambers County, TX. The source of blood contained in each specimen was determined using a modified precipitin test. The results were used to calculate seasonal foraging ratios for mosquito populations sampled at each site. No noticeable changes in bloodmeal host preferences occurred for Cx. salinarius populations sampled at the coastal marsh site during the study period. Mammals were the primary sources of bloodmeals for these populations, with most mosquitoes collected having fed on cattle. There was an increase in specimens testing positive for avian blood during winter (Dec.-Feb.) commensurate with the arrival of migratory goose populations in the vicinity. The overall foraging ratio, however, did not change. Culex salinarius populations sampled at the upper marsh site also demonstrated a preference for mammalian blood throughout the year. However, forage ratios indicated these populations varied in the mammals upon which they fed, with a number of specimens having fed on armadillos. Cx. salinarius populations sampled at the up-county site demonstrated greater tendency to select birds as bloodmeal sources. Mosquito specimens at this site tested positive for either passeriiform or ciconiiform birds, with a few specimens testing positive for rabbits and cattle. A preference was shown for ciconiiform birds during the spring (March-May). During the rest of the year, passeriiform birds served more as a source of bloodmeals for Cx. salinarius populations. Forage ratios indicated the use of passeriiform birds was not a function of preference, but rather a result of these birds being abundant at the up-county site. Results of this study substantiate earlier findings that Cx. salinarius females will use both mammals and birds as sources of bloodmeals. Females of this species are generalistic feeders and will utilize hosts that are in greatest abundance or which require the least amount of energy on the part of the mosquito to acquire.
Grieco, John Paul
Time Brightness
Perlmutter, et al., in Thermonuclear Supernovae, NATO ASI, v. 486 (1997) Perlmutter, et al., in Thermonuclear Supernovae, NATO ASI, v. 486 (1997) Cosmology from . . . Time Brightness ... . . . 50-100 Fields Lunar Calendar Scheduled Follow-Up Imaging at Hubble, Cerro Tololo, WIYN, Isaac Newton Scheduled Follow-Up Spectroscopy at Keck Almost 1000 Galaxies per Field RESULT: ~24 Type Ia supernovae discovered while still brightening, at new moon Berkeley Lab Keck WIYN Cerro Tololo Isaac Newton Hubble Strategy We developed a strategy to guarantee a group of supernova discoveries on a certain date. Just after a new moon, we observe some 50 to 100 high-galactic lattitute fields-each containing almost a thousand high-redshift galaxies-in two nights on the Cerro Tololo 4-meter telescope with Tyson & Bernstein's wide-field camera. We return three weeks later to observe the same
Approaches for identifying consumer preferences for the design of technology products : a case study of residential solar panels
This thesis investigates ways to obtain consumer preferences for technology products to help designers identify the key attributes that contribute to a product's market success. A case study of residential solar PV panels ...
Chen, Heidi Qianyi
Data sources directory for purchasing officials: Energy-efficient and environmentally preferred products
This Directory, produced by the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority, is an introduction to organizations that provide information about energy-efficient and environmentally preferred equipment and products. It is intended to be a reference tool for purchasing officials in the public and private sectors. The New York State Energy Research and Development Authority does not endorse any particular vendor, organization, or technology. This list was prepared to provide information. The companies listed may provide additional products and/or services not mentioned in this directory.
PREFERRING sP RATS BY THE CANNABINOID ANTAGONIST SR-141716
Abstract � The present study assessed the efficacy of the cannabinoid CBi receptor antagonist, SR-141716, in reducing voluntary ethanol intake in selectively bred Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats. Ethanol (10%, v/v) and food were available in daily 4h scheduled access periods; water was present 24 h/day. The acute administration of a 2.5 and a 5 mg/kg dose of SR-141716 selectively reduced ethanol intake, whereas a 10 mg/kg dose of SR-141716 reduced to a similar extent both ethanol and food intake. These results suggest that the cannabinoid CBi receptor is involved in the mediation of the ethanolreinforcing effects in sP rats.
unknown authors
The Preferred Upstream Management Practices (PUMP) project, a two-year study sponsored by the United States Department of Energy (USDOE), had three primary objectives: (1) the identification of problems, problematic issues, potential solutions and preferred practices related to oil production; (2) the creation of an Appalachian Regional Council to oversee and continue this investigation beyond the end of the project; and (3) the dissemination of investigative results to the widest possible audience, primarily by means of an interactive website. Investigation and identification of oil production problems and preferred management practices began with a Problem Identification Workshop in January of 2002. Three general issues were selected by participants for discussion: Data Management; Reservoir Engineering; and Drilling Practices. At the same meeting, the concept of the creation of an oversight organization to evaluate and disseminated preferred management practices (PMP's) after the end of the project was put forth and volunteers were solicited. In-depth interviews were arranged with oil producers to gain more insight into problems and potential solutions. Project members encountered considerable reticence on the part of interviewees when it came to revealing company-specific production problems or company-specific solutions. This was the case even though interviewees were assured that all responses would be held in confidence. Nevertheless, the following production issues were identified and ranked in order of decreasing importance: Water production including brine disposal; Management of production and business data; Oil field power costs; Paraffin accumulation; Production practices including cementing. An number of secondary issues were also noted: Problems associated with Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) and Waterflooding; Reservoir characterization; Employee availability, training, and safety; and Sale and Purchase problems. One item was mentioned both in interviews and in the Workshop, as, perhaps, the key issue related to oil production in the Appalachian region - the price of a barrel of oil. Project members sought solutions to production problems from a number of sources. In general, the Petroleum Technology Transfer Council (PTTC) website, both regional and national, proved to be a fertile source of information. Technical issues included water production, paraffin accumulation, production practices, EOR and waterflooding were addressed in a number of SPE papers. Articles on reservoir characterization were found in both the AAPG Bulletin and in SPE papers. Project members extracted topical and keyword information from pertinent articles and websites and combined them in a database that was placed on the PUMP website. Because of difficulties finding potential members with the qualifications, interests, and flexibility of schedule to allow a long-term commitment, it was decided to implement the PMP Regional Council as a subcommittee of the Producer Advisory Group (PAG) sponsored by Appalachian Region PTTC. The advantages of this decision are that the PAG is in already in existence as a volunteer group interested in problem identification and implementation of solutions and that PAG members are unpaid, so no outside funds will be required to sustain the group. The PUMP website became active in October of 2002. The site is designed to evolve; as new information becomes available, it can be readily added to the site or the site can be modified to accommodate it. The site is interactive allowing users to search within the PUMP site, within the Appalachian Region PTTC site, or within the whole internet through the input of user-supplied key words for information on oil production problems and solutions. Since its inception in the Fall of 2002, the PUMP site has experienced a growing number of users of increasingly diverse nature and from an increasing geographic area. This indicates that the site is reaching its target audience in the Appalachian region and beyond. Following up on a commitment to technology transfer, a tota
Ronald R. McDowell; Khashayar Aminian; Katharine L. Avary; John M. Bocan; Michael Ed. Hohn; Douglas G. Patchen
Landau damping effects on the scattering spin-asymmetry and channel preference in election-hole plasmas
The scattering spin-asymmetry and spin channel preference in electron collisions are investigated in electron-hole plasmas. It is found that the Landau damping effect enhances the scattering channel preference for the spin-singlet electron scattering and suppresses the spin-triplet electron scattering except the scattering angle {theta}={pi}/2. It is also found that the spin-singlet electron scattering decreases with an increase of the quantum shielding distance. In addition, the Landau damping effect on the spin-asymmetry parameter is found to be more significant in the intermediate domain of the quantum Debye length.
Jung, Young-Dae [Department of Applied Physics, Hanyang University, Ansan, Kyunggi-Do 426-791 (Korea, Republic of) and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, MC 0407, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0407 (United States); Hong, Woo-Pyo [Department of Electronics Engineering, Catholic University of Daegu, Hayang 712-702 (Korea, Republic of)
Policy Flash 2013-28 Implementation of Indian Energy Preference Provision in EP Act 2005 and Acquisition Letter 2013-02
Attached is Policy Flash 2013-28 Implementation of Indian Energy Preference Provision in EP Act 2005 and Acquisition Letter 2013-02
The relationship between policy choice and the size of the policy region: Why small jurisdictions may prefer renewable energy policies to reduce CO2 emissions
April 2012. C. Fischer. Renewable portfolio standards: WhenCBO. The Effects of Renewable and Clean Energy Standards.jurisdictions may prefer renewable energy policies to reduce
Accordino, Megan H.; Rajagopal, Deepak
A research on the method to select promising scientific technologies in the condensed matter physics by using journal's editing preference
In the condensed matter physics field, there coexists a pure research field and application field. Therefore it is possible that a source technology is discovered firstly and developed in one laboratory of condensed matter physics. Since the 20th ... Keywords: application, condensed matter physics, editing preference
Jae-Min Lee; Oh Jin Kwon; Ho-Shin Lee; B. Y. Coh; Y. W. Park
Time series association learning
An acoustic input is recognized from inferred articulatory movements output by a learned relationship between training acoustic waveforms and articulatory movements. The inferred movements are compared with template patterns prepared from training movements when the relationship was learned to regenerate an acoustic recognition. In a preferred embodiment, the acoustic articulatory relationships are learned by a neural network. Subsequent input acoustic patterns then generate the inferred articulatory movements for use with the templates. Articulatory movement data may be supplemented with characteristic acoustic information, e.g. relative power and high frequency data, to improve template recognition.
Papcun, George J. (Santa Fe, NM)
Northwest home buyers' fuel and energy-efficiency preferences
This study for the Bonneville Power Administration (Bonneville) investigated home buyers' heating fuel and energy-efficiency preferences, and the influence of incentives on their choices. The study was conducted in four regions of Washington State: Spokane and Pierce Counties, where the Model Conservation Standards (MCS) for new electrically heated homes have been adopted as local code, and King and Clark Counties, where the MCS has been implemented only through a voluntary marketing program. The results of this study provide useful information about energy-efficiency, space heating fuel type, and alternative incentive programs. They provide initial evidence that fuel-specific energy-efficiency standards may significantly affect the shares of different heating fuels in the new home market. They also suggest that cash rebates and utility rate incentives may have a modest effect on the shares for different heating fuels. Because these results are based on a technique relying on hypothetical choices and because they reflect only four metropolitan areas, further study must be conducted to determine whether the results apply to other locations and whether other analytic approaches produce similar findings. 3 refs.
Lee, A.D.; Harkreader, S.A.; Bruneau, C.L.; Volke, S.M.
Preferred orientation of phyllosilicates: Comparison of fault gouge, shale and schist
Samples of fault gouge from the San Andreas Fault drill hole (SAFOD), a shale from the North Sea sedimentary basin and schists from metamorphic rocks in the Alps have been analyzed with high energy synchrotron X-rays to determine preferred orientation of mica and clay minerals. The method relies on obtaining 2D diffraction images which are then processed with the crystallographic Rietveld method, implemented in the software MAUD, allowing for deconvolution of phases and extraction of their orientation distributions. It is possible to distinguish between detrital illite/muscovite and authigenic illite/smectite, kaolinite and chlorite, and muscovite and biotite, with strongly overlapping peaks in the diffraction pattern. The results demonstrate that phyllosilicates show large texture variations in various environments, where different mechanisms produce the rock microfabrics: fault gouge fabrics are quite weak and asymmetric with maxima for (001) in the range of 1.5-2.5 multiples of random distribution (m.r.d.). This is attributed to heterogeneous deformation with randomization, as well as dissolution-precipitation reactions. Shale fabrics have maxima ranging from 3 to 9 m.r.d. and this is due to sedimentation and compaction. The strongest fabrics were observed in metamorphic schists (10-14 m.r.d.) and developed by deformation as well as recrystallization in a stress field. In the analyzed samples, fabrics of co-existing quartz are weak. All phyllosilicate textures can be explained by orientation of (001) platelets, with no additional constraints on a-axes.
Wenk, Hans-Rudolf; Kanitpanyacharoen, Waruntorn; Voltolini, Marco (UCB)
Weakness of accelerator bounds on electron superluminality without a preferred frame
The reference laboratory bounds on superluminality of the electron are obtained from the absence of in-vacuo Cherenkov processes and the determinations of synchrotron radiated power for LEP electrons. It is usually assumed that these analyses establish the validity of a standard special-relativistic description of the electron with accuracy of at least a few parts in $10^{14}$, and in particular this is used to exclude electron superluminality with such an accuracy. We observe that these bounds rely crucially on the availability of a preferred frame. In-vacuo-Cherenkov processes are automatically forbidden in any theory with "deformed Lorentz symmetry", relativistic theories that, while different from Special Relativity, preserve the relativity of inertial frames. Determinations of the synchrotron radiated power can be used to constrain the possibility of Lorentz-symmetry deformation, but provide rather weak bounds, which in particular for electron superluminality we establish to afford us no more constraining power than for an accuracy of a few parts in $10^4$. We argue that this observation can have only a limited role in the ongoing effort of analysis of the anomaly tentatively reported by the OPERA collaboration, but we stress that it could provide a valuable case study for assessing the limitations of "indirect" tests of fundamental laws of physics.
Giovanni Amelino-Camelia; Giulia Gubitosi; Niccol� Loret; Flavio Mercati; Giacomo Rosati
Real time speech formant analyzer and display
A speech analyzer for interpretation of sound includes a sound input which converts the sound into a signal representing the sound. The signal is passed through a plurality of frequency pass filters to derive a plurality of frequency formants. These formants are converted to voltage signals by frequency-to-voltage converters and then are prepared for visual display in continuous real time. Parameters from the inputted sound are also derived and displayed. The display may then be interpreted by the user. The preferred embodiment includes a microprocessor which is interfaced with a television set for displaying of the sound formants. The microprocessor software enables the sound analyzer to present a variety of display modes for interpretive and therapeutic used by the user. 19 figs.
Holland, G.E.; Struve, W.S.; Homer, J.F.
Time and Frequency Portal
NIST Home > Time and Frequency Portal. Time and Frequency Portal. Programs and Projects. CODATA values of the fundamental constants ...
Time Series and Forecasting
Time Series and Forecasting. Leigh, Stefan and Perlman, S. (1991). "An Index for Comovement of Time Sequences With ...
Quality and Performance of LED Flashlights in Kenya: Common End User Preferences and Complaints
Flashlights that use LED technology have quickly emerged as the dominant source of portable lighting in Kenya. While flashlights do not normally provide a substitute for kerosene and other highly inefficient fuels, they are an important early manifestation of LED lighting in the developing world that can serve as a platform - or deterrent - to the diffusion of the technology into the broader off-grid lighting market. The lead acid batteries embedded in flashlights also represent an important source of hazardous waste, and flashlight durability is thus an important determinant of the rate of waste disposal. Low-cost LED flashlights with prices from $1 to $4 are now widely available in shops and markets throughout Kenya. The increased penetration of LED technology in the flashlight market is significant, as over half of all Kenyan households report owning a flashlight (Kamfor, 2002). While this shift from conventional incandescent technology to modern LEDs may appear to be a promising development, end users that our research team interviewed expressed a number of complaints about the quality and performance of these new flashlights. This raises concerns about the interests of low-income flashlight users, and it may also indicate the onset of a broader market spoiling effect for off-grid lighting products based on LED technology (Mills and Jacobson, 2008; Lighting Africa, 2007). The quality of low-cost LED flashlights can contribute to market spoiling because these products appear to represent the first contact that most Kenyans have with LED technology. In this report, our team uses interviews with 46 end users of flashlights to collect information about their experiences, perceptions, and preferences. We focus especially on highlighting common complaints from respondents about the flashlights that they have used, as well as on noting the features that they indicated were important when evaluating the quality of a flashlight. In previous laboratory tests, researchers from our team found a wide range of quality and performance among battery powered LED lights (Granderson, et al. 2008).
Tracy, Jenny; Jacobson, Arne; Mills, Evan
The role of public policy in emerging green power markets: An analysis of marketer preferences
Green power marketing has been heralded by some as a means to create a private market for renewable energy that is driven by customer demand for green products. This report challenges the premise--sometimes proffered in debates over green markets--that profitable, sizable, credible markets for green products will evolve naturally without supportive public policies. Relying primarily on surveys and interviews of US green power marketers, the article examines the role of specific regulatory and legislative policies in enabling the green market, and searches for those policies that are believed by marketers to be the most conducive or detrimental to the expansion of the green market. The authors find that marketers: (1) believe that profitable green power markets will only develop if a solid foundation of supportive policies exists; (2) believe that establishing overall price competition and encouraging customer switching are the top priorities; (3) are somewhat leery of government-sponsored or mandated public information programs; and (4) oppose three specific renewable energy policies that are frequently advocated by renewable energy enthusiasts, but that may have negative impacts on the green marketers' profitability. The stated preferences of green marketers shed light on ways to foster renewables by means of the green market. Because the interests of marketers do not coincide perfectly with those of society, however, the study also recognizes other normative perspectives and highlights policy tensions at the heart of current debates related to green markets. By examining these conflicts, they identify three key policy questions that should direct future research: (1) to what extent should price competition and customer switching be encouraged at the expense of cost shifting; (2) what requirements should be imposed to ensure credibility in green products and marketing; and (3) how should the green power market and broader renewable energy policies interact?
Wiser, R.
Preferred Orientations and Anisotropy in Shales: Callovo-Oxfordian Shale (France) and Opalinus Clay (Switzerland)
Anisotropy in clay-rich sedimentary rocks is receiving increasing attention. Seismic anisotropy is essential in the prospecting for petroleum deposits. Anisotropy of diffusion has become relevant for environmental contaminants, including nuclear waste. In both cases, the orientation of component minerals is a critical ingredient and, largely because of small grain size and poor crystallinity, the orientation distribution of clay minerals has been difficult to quantify. A method is demonstrated that relies on hard synchrotron X-rays to obtain diffraction images of shales and applies the crystallographic Rietveld method to deconvolute the images and extract quantitative information about phase fractions and preferred orientation that can then be used to model macroscopic physical properties. The method is applied to shales from European studies which investigate the suitability of shales as potential nuclear waste repositories (Meuse/Haute-Marne Underground Research Laboratory near Bure, France, and Benken borehole and Mont Terri Rock Laboratory, Switzerland). A Callovo-Oxfordian shale from Meuse/Haute-Marne shows a relatively weak alignment of clay minerals and a random distribution for calcite. Opalinus shales from Benken and Mont Terri show strong alignment of illite-smectite, kaolinite, chlorite, and calcite. This intrinsic contribution to anisotropy is consistent with macroscopic physical properties where anisotropy is caused both by the orientation distribution of crystallites and high-aspect-ratio pores. Polycrystal elastic properties are obtained by averaging single crystal properties over the orientation distribution and polyphase properties by averaging over all phases. From elastic properties we obtain anisotropies for p waves ranging from 7 to 22%.
Wenk, H.-R.; Voltolini, M.; Mazurek, M.; Van Loon, L.R.; Vinsot, A. (PSI); (UCB); (Bern); (LSMHM)
Handy broker: an intelligent product-brokering agent for m-commerce applications with user preference tracking
One of the potential applications for agent-based systems is m-commerce. A lot of research has been done on making such systems intelligent to personalize their services for users. In most systems, user-supplied keywords are generally used to help generate profiles for users. In this paper, an evolutionary ontology-based product-brokering agent has been designed for m-commerce applications. It uses an evaluation function to represent a user�s preference instead of the usual keyword-based profile. By using genetic algorithms, the agent tracks the user�s preferences for a particular product by tuning some parameters inside its evaluation function. A prototype called �Handy Broker � has been implemented in Java and the results obtained from our experiments looks promising for m-commerce use.
Steven Guan; Chon Seng Ngoo; Fangming Zhu
This invention generally relates to machine-based speech and speaker recognition and, more particularly, to machine-based speech recognition using a learned relationship between acoustic and articulatory parameters. An acoustic input is recognized from inferred articulatory movements output by a learned relationship between training acoustic waveforms and articulatory movements. The inferred movements are compared with template patterns prepared from training movements when the relationship was learned to regenerate an acoustic recognition. In a preferred embodiment, the acoustic-articulatory relationships are learned by a neural network. Subsequent input acoustic patterns then generate the inferred articulatory movements for use with the templates. Articulatory movement data may be supplemented with characteristic acoustic information, e.g. relative power and high frequency data, to improve template recognition. 7 figs.
Papcun, G.J.
A Preliminary Look at the Social Perspective of Warn-on-Forecast: Preferred Tornado Warning Lead Time and the General Public�s Perceptions of Weather Risks
Tornado warnings are currently issued an average of 13 min in advance of a tornado and are based on a warn-on-detection paradigm. However, computer model improvements may allow for a new warning paradigm, warn-on-forecast, to be established in the ...
S. Hoekstra; K. Klockow; R. Riley; J. Brotzge; H. Brooks; S. Erickson
Project team : Daylighting The New York Times Building
The McDonald's Equilibrium: Advertising, Empty Calories, and the Endogenous Determination of Dietary Preferences
to simple stone-ground wheat flour, today�s white floursproducers of (�enriched�) wheat flour are now required towheat milling since prehistoric times to separate the bran and germ from the endosperm, in order to make white flour.
Smith, Trenton G
Time-to-Produce, Inventory, and Asset Prices
In a production-based general equilibrium model, I study the impact of time-to-build and time-to-produce technology constraints and inventory on asset prices and macroeconomic quantity dynamics. A time-to-build constraint captures the delay in transforming new investment into productive capital; a time-to-produce constraint captures the delay in transforming productive capital into final products. Empirically, I find that the U.S. economy in aggregate exhibits approximately a three-quarter time-to-build and a four-quarter time-to-produce constraint. These delays in the production process introduce short-run risks in the economy where inventory accumulation facilitates consumption smoothing over time. Using this structure for time-to-build and time-to-produce constraints, I numerically calibrate a production-based general equilibrium model where the representative investor has recursive preferences over consumption and inventory. The model delivers first and second moments of macroeconomic quantities and asset prices consistent with the data. A small elasticity of intertemporal substitution is necessary to positively price the short-run risks induced by the production constraints. Inventories help fit the volatilities of asset returns, while the time-to-produce feature ensures nontrivial inventory holdings. In addition, the model is able to match empirical lead-lag patterns between asset prices and macroeconomic quantities as well as observed equity return predictability.
Chen, Zhanhui
Compiling for time predictability
Within the T-CREST project we work on hardware/software architectures and code-generation strategies for time-predictable embedded and cyber-physical systems. In this paper we present the single-path code generation approach that we plan to explore and ... Keywords: compilers, real-time systems, time predictability, worst-case execution-time analysis
Peter Puschner; Raimund Kirner; Benedikt Huber; Daniel Prokesch
Certifying execution time
In this paper we present the framework Abstraction-Carrying CodE Platform for Timing validation (ACCEPT), designed for timing analysis of embedded real-time systems using the worst-case execution time (WCET) as the safety parameter. In the context ...
V�tor Rodrigues; Jo�o Pedro Pedroso; M�rio Florido; Sim�o Melo de Sousa
Female mating preferences for male traits used in species and mate recognition in the Mexican sailfin mollies, Poecilia velifera and P. petenensis
%) with Brine Shrimp Flake (38%) and Spirulina132 Flake (2%) mixture) (Burlingame, California, U.S.A.) (Clemson or reversed (Wiens 2001). Reversal of preferences may, for example,573 occur if choice incurs a high cost
Ptacek, Margaret B.
Time-Resolved Time-Resolved Time-Resolved Print Of the four fundamental parameters that we use to perceive the physical world (energy, momentum, position, and time) three correspond to the three broad categories of synchrotron experimental measurement techniques: spectroscopy (energy), scattering (momentum), and imaging (position). The fourth parameter-time-can in principle be applied to all the techniques. At the ALS, many experiments can be carried out in real time, with data being recorded from the same sample as it changes over time. Some time-resolved experiments take advantage of the pulsed nature of the ALS's synchrotron radiation, which, like a strobe light, can capture a series of "snapshots" of a process that, when viewed sequentially, show us how a given process evolves over time. Other experiments simply require two pulses: one to "pump" energy into the sample system and a second to probe the system's excited state.
Energy Conservation Tax Credits - Small Premium Projects (Personal...
System Size Projects must cost less than 20,000 Equipment Requirements First year energy savings must yield a simple payback period of greater than 3 years. Start Date 2011...
Energy Conservation Tax Credits - Small Premium Projects (Corporate...
Utah Premium Gasoline Retail Sales by Refiners (Thousand Gallons ...
Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec; 1983: 3.9: 3.3: 3.8: 3.8: 5.0: 5.3: 5.5: 6.2: 6.1: 5.6: 5.7: 5.1: 1984: W: W: W: W: W: W: 42.5: 19.5: 17.8: 18.1 ...
Retail Prices for Premium Gasoline - U.S. Energy Information ...
3.456: 2000-2013: Washington: 4.154: 4.090: 4.110: 4.058: 3.976: 3.781: 2003-2013: Cities : Boston: 3.805: 3.834: 3.924: 3.983: 3.917: 3.755: 2003-2013: Chicago: 4 ...
Business Driven Information Systems with Premium Content Card, 2 edition
The Baltzan and Phillips approach in Business Driven Information Systems discusses various business initiatives first and how technology supports those initiatives second. The premise for this unique approach is that business initiatives drive technology ...
Paige Baltzan; Amy Phillips
Rising College Premiums in Mexico: How Important Is Trade?
trade and investment liberalisation, �nancial crisis, andR. , 2000. Trade liberalisation and wage inequality: Lessons
Mehta, Aashish; Acuna, Belinda
Montana Premium Gasoline Prices - U.S. Energy Information ...
Gasoline Prices by Formulation, Grade, Sales Type (Dollars per Gallon Excluding Taxes) ... History; Sales to End Users, Average: 2.518: 2.929: 2.085: ...
Price spread between regular and premium gasoline has changed ...
... electric power plant ... period coincides with increased blending of ethanol into the motor gasoline ... savings result from reducing octane levels ...
Chinese mate preferences: Cultural evolution and continuity across a quarter of a Lei Chang a
a , Yan Wang b , Todd K. Shackelford c , David M. Buss d, a Department of Educational Psychology of the individual a person is trying to attract or retain (Buss & Shackelford, 1997; Schmitt & Buss, 1996). Fourth time, can be used to assay the cultural evolution of values (Buss, Shackelford, Kirkpatrick, & Larsen
The Pacific Northwest residential consumer: Perceptions and preferences of home heating fuels, major appliances, and appliance fuels
In 1983 the Bonneville Power Administration contracted with the Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) to conduct an analysis of the marketing environment for Bonneville's conservation activities. Since this baseline residential study, PNL has conducted two follow up market research projects: Phase 2 in 1985, and Phase 3, in 1988. In this report the respondents' perceptions, preferences, and fuel switching possibilities of fuels for home heating and major appliances are examined. To aid in effective target marketing, the report identifies market segments according to consumers' demographics, life-cycle, attitudes, and opinions.
Harkreader, S.A.; Hattrup, M.P.
Managing time, part 2
Masterful time management means not just tracking of messages in your personal environment, but managing your coordination network with others.
Peter J. Denning; Ritu Raj
... STRATWARM observed and FLARES expected ... observed and PROTON FLARE expected (- - ) STRATWARM ... time of observed solar or geophysical ...
QuickTime VR
QuickTime VR. Christine Piatko and Sandy Ressler. ... Sandy Ressler's Office. Plant Floor of Black & Decker in Fayetteville NC. ...
Timed Property Sequence Chart
Property Sequence Chart (PSC) is a novel scenario-based notation, which has been recently proposed to represent temporal properties of concurrent systems. This language balances expressive power and simplicity of use. However, the current version of ... Keywords: Property Sequence Chart, Real-time specification patterns, Timed Property Sequence Chart, Timing properties
Pengcheng Zhang; Bixin Li; Lars Grunske
Noncommutative Two Time Physics
We present a classical formalism describing two-time physics with Abelian canonical gauge field backgrounds. The formalism can be used as a starting point for the construction of an interacting quantized two-time physics theory in a noncommutative soace-time.
W. Chagas-Filho
Quantum Operation Time Reversal
The dynamics of an open quantum system can be described by a quantum operation, a linear, complete positive map of operators. Here, I exhibit a compact expression for the time reversal of a quantum operation, which is closely analogous to the time reversal of a classical Markov transition matrix. Since open quantum dynamics are stochastic, and not, in general, deterministic, the time reversal is not, in general, an inversion of the dynamics. Rather, the system relaxes towards equilibrium in both the forward and reverse time directions. The probability of a quantum trajectory and the conjugate, time reversed trajectory are related by the heat exchanged with the environment.
Crooks, Gavin E
Gavin E. Crooks
Personal vehicles preferred by urban Americans: household automobile holdings and new car purchases projected to the year 2000
A procedure is described for modeling the choices made in urban American households among personal vehicles on the bases of cost, passenger capacity, and engine technology, and it projects those preferences to the year 1990 and 2000. The results of this disaggregate technique are used by the other predictive research tasks undertaken by Argonne National Laboratory in a project entitled Technology Assessment of Productive Conservation in Urban Transportation (TAPCUT). The vehicle preferences reported here furnish data for the overall TAPCUT objective of forecasting the probable effects of energy conservation policies in transportation. In our projections, vehicles with standard spark-ignition (Otto-cycle) engines continue to dominate automobile holdings and new car purchases in either of two socioeconomic scenarios under any of three settings (an existing policy set and two alternative conservation strategies). From 1990, small cars (seating four or fewer passengers) dominate urban holdings and sales in two of the three TAPCUT energy strategies - the exception being the strategy that emphasizes individual travel - and this holds true with only a minor variation for both socioeconomic scenarios (an optimistic one and a slightly pessimistic one). Advanced-technology vehicles are most successful under the Individual Travel Strategy. It appears that vehicle charateristics are far more significant than demographic descriptors in estimating household vehicle choice using this modeling approach.
Saricks, C.L.; Vyas, A.D.; Bunch, J.A.
Distinguishing Social Preferences from Preferences for Altruism
program dialog window is shown in Attachment 3 in Sectionprogram dialog window is shown in Attachment 3. [Attachment
Fisman, Raymond; Kariv, Shachar; Markovitz, Daniel
Trends in public perceptions and preferences on energy and environmental policy
This report presents selected results from a secondary analysis of public opinion surveys, taken at the national and state/local levels, relevant to energy and environmental policy choices. The data base used in the analysis includes about 2000 items from nearly 600 separate surveys conducted between 1979 and 1992. Answers to word-for-word questions were traced over time, permitting trend analysis. Patterns of response were also identified for findings from similarly worded survey items. The analysis identifies changes in public opinion concerning energy during the past 10 to 15 years.
Farhar, B.C.
Trends in public perceptions and preferences on energy and environmental policy: Executive summary
This is a summary of a report that presents selected results from a secondary analysis of public opinion surveys, taken at the national and state/local levels, relevant to energy and environmental policy choices. The data base used in the analysis includes about 2,000 items from nearly 600 separate surveys conducted between 1979 and 1992. Answers to word-for-word questions were traced over time, permitting trend analysis. Patterns of response were also identified for findings from similarly worded survey items. The analysis identifies changes in public opinion concerning energy during the past 10 to 15 years.
What Time is It?
... These are sometimes marketed as "atomic clocks", but ... problems include incorrectly setting your local time zone on the clock, batteries that need ...
On the Time Times Temperature Bound
Recently Hod proposes a lower bound on the relaxation time of a perturbed thermodynamic system. For gravitational systems this bound transforms into a condition on the fundamental quasinormal frequency. We test the bound in some spacetimes whose quasinormal frequencies are calculated exactly, as the three-dimensional BTZ black hole, the D-dimensional de Sitter spacetime, and the D-dimensional Nariai spacetime. We find that for some of these spacetimes their fundamental quasinormal frequencies do not satisfy the bound proposed by Hod.
A. Lopez-Ortega
System and method for constructing filters for detecting signals whose frequency content varies with time
A system and method for constructing a bank of filters which detect the presence of signals whose frequency content varies with time. The present invention includes a novel system and method for developing one or more time templates designed to match the received signals of interest and the bank of matched filters use the one or more time templates to detect the received signals. Each matched filter compares the received signal x(t) with a respective, unique time template that has been designed to approximate a form of the signals of interest. The robust time domain template is assumed to be of the order of w(t)=A(t)cos{2.pi..phi.(t)} and the present invention uses the trajectory of a joint time-frequency representation of x(t) as an approximation of the instantaneous frequency function {.phi.'(t). First, numerous data samples of the received signal x(t) are collected. A joint time frequency representation is then applied to represent the signal, preferably using the time frequency distribution series (also known as the Gabor spectrogram). The joint time-frequency transformation represents the analyzed signal energy at time t and frequency .function., P(t,f), which is a three-dimensional plot of time vs. frequency vs. signal energy. Then P(t,f) is reduced to a multivalued function f(t), a two dimensional plot of time vs. frequency, using a thresholding process. Curve fitting steps are then performed on the time/frequency plot, preferably using Levenberg-Marquardt curve fitting techniques, to derive a general instantaneous frequency function .phi.'(t) which best fits the multivalued function f(t), a trajectory of the joint time-frequency domain representation of x(t). Integrating .phi.'(t) along t yields .phi.(t), which is then inserted into the form of the time template equation. A suitable amplitude A(t) is also preferably determined. Once the time template has been determined, one or more filters are developed which each use a version or form of the time template.
Qian, Shie (Austin, TX); Dunham, Mark E. (Los Alamos, NM)
doi:10.1093/alcalc/agl085 THE GLYCINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR ORG 25935 DECREASES ETHANOL INTAKE AND PREFERENCE IN MALE WISTAR RATS
Abstract � Previous findings from our group indicate that accumbal glycine receptors (GlyRs) are involved in mediating the dopamine (DA) activating effects of ethanol (EtOH), and that administration of glycine locally into the nucleus accumbens (nAc) reduces EtOH consumption in EtOH high-preferring rats. Aims: The present study examines the influence of a systemically administered glycine reuptake inhibitor, Org 25935, on EtOH preference and intake, in male Wistar rats with an EtOH preference>60 % (during continuous access to a bottle of EtOH, 6 % v/v, and a bottle of water), called EP>60 rats, as well as in animals with an EtOH preference 60 and EPwater. Results: Org 25935 decreased EtOH intake and EtOH preference, as compared with vehicle, whereas water intake was unaffected. This effect was dose-dependent, developed gradually and was sustained for up to 40 days, also after introduction of an alcohol deprivation period. Conclusion: It is suggested that Org 25935, and possibly also other GlyT1 inhibitors, can represent a new pharmacological treatment principle for alcohol dependence or abuse.
Anna Molander; Helga H�if�dt Lid�; Elin L�f; Mia Ericson; Bo S�derpalm
The time calibrator of an electric signal displayed on an oscilloscope is described. In contrast to the conventional technique of using time-calibrated divisions on the face of the oscilloscope, this invention provides means for directly superimposing equal time spaced markers upon a signal displayed upon an oscilloscope. More explicitly, the present invention includes generally a generator for developing a linear saw-tooth voltage and a circuit for combining a high-frequency sinusoidal voltage of a suitable amplitude and frequency with the saw-tooth voltage to produce a resultant sweep deflection voltage having a wave shape which is substantially linear with respect to time between equal time spaced incremental plateau regions occurring once each cycle of the sinusoidal voltage. The foregoing sweep voltage when applied to the horizontal deflection plates in combination with a signal to be observed applied to the vertical deflection plates of a cathode ray oscilloscope produces an image on the viewing screen which is essentially a display of the signal to be observed with respect to time. Intensified spots, or certain other conspicuous indications corresponding to the equal time spaced plateau regions of said sweep voltage, appear superimposed upon said displayed signal, which indications are therefore suitable for direct time calibration purposes.
Owren, H.M.; Johnson, B.M.; Smith, V.L.
Real-time shading
Real-time procedural shading was once seen as a distant dream. When the first version of this course was offered four years ago, real-time shading was possible, but only with one-of-a-kind hardware or by combining the effects of tens to hundreds of rendering ...
Marc Olano; Kurt Akeley; John C. Hart; Wolfgang Heidrich; Michael McCool; Jason L. Mitchell; Randi Rost
Semantics, experience and time
The computational hypothesis, with its inherent representationalism, and the dynamical hypothesis, with its apparent absence of representations and its commitment to continuous time, stand at an impasse. It is unclear how the dynamical stance can handle ... Keywords: Computation, Experience, Invariance, Semantics, Situatedness, Time
Stephen E. Robbins
This patent relates to means for ascertaining the instant of arrival of a shock wave in an exploslve charge and apparatus utilizing this means to coordinate the timing of two operations involving a short lnterval of time. A pair of spaced electrodes are inserted along the line of an explosive train with a voltage applied there-across which is insufficient to cause discharge. When it is desired to initiate operation of a device at the time the explosive shock wave reaches a particular point on the explosive line, the device having an inherent time delay, the electrodes are located ahead of the point such that the ionization of the area between the electrodes caused by the traveling explosive shock wave sends a signal to initiate operation of the device to cause it to operate at the proper time. The operated device may be photographic equipment consisting of an x-ray illuminating tube.
Tuck, J.L.
A system and method are disclosed for constructing a bank of filters which detect the presence of signals whose frequency content varies with time. The present invention includes a novel system and method for developing one or more time templates designed to match the received signals of interest and the bank of matched filters use the one or more time templates to detect the received signals. Each matched filter compares the received signal x(t) with a respective, unique time template that has been designed to approximate a form of the signals of interest. The robust time domain template is assumed to be of the order of w(t)=A(t)cos(2{pi}{phi}(t)) and the present invention uses the trajectory of a joint time-frequency representation of x(t) as an approximation of the instantaneous frequency function {phi}{prime}(t). First, numerous data samples of the received signal x(t) are collected. A joint time frequency representation is then applied to represent the signal, preferably using the time frequency distribution series. The joint time-frequency transformation represents the analyzed signal energy at time t and frequency f, P(t,f), which is a three-dimensional plot of time vs. frequency vs. signal energy. Then P(t,f) is reduced to a multivalued function f(t), a two dimensional plot of time vs. frequency, using a thresholding process. Curve fitting steps are then performed on the time/frequency plot, preferably using Levenberg-Marquardt curve fitting techniques, to derive a general instantaneous frequency function {phi}{prime}(t) which best fits the multivalued function f(t). Integrating {phi}{prime}(t) along t yields {phi}{prime}(t), which is then inserted into the form of the time template equation. A suitable amplitude A(t) is also preferably determined. Once the time template has been determined, one or more filters are developed which each use a version or form of the time template. 7 figs.
Qian, S.; Dunham, M.E.
Preferences and concerns of potential users in the selection of solar thermal systems for industrial and small utility applications
To achieve widespready application in the industrial and utility sectors, solar systems must be economically competitive. Economic viability is, in turn, determined by a number of supporting criteria, ranging from system reliability to dispatch characteristics to how the system supports the main product line. In addition, solar systems possess some inherent attributes that may render some of the traditional supporting criteria inappropriate or require their redefinition. Those criteria and their relation to the solar investments are discussed in three steps. First, the main concerns and preferences of the potential users, as identified in recent SERI studies, are identified. Second, the equitability of the resulting decision criteria for solar investments are examined. Finally, the implications of these criteria for solar energy's penetration into these markets are discussed.
Gresham, J.B.; Kriz, T.A.
Digital time delay
Method and apparatus are provided for generating an output pulse following a trigger pulse at a time delay interval preset with a resolution which is high relative to a low resolution available from supplied clock pulses. A first lumped constant delay provides a first output signal at predetermined interpolation intervals corresponding to the desired high resolution time interval. Latching circuits latch the high resolution data to form a first synchronizing data set. A selected time interval has been preset to internal counters and corrected for circuit propagation delay times having the same order of magnitude as the desired high resolution. Internal system clock pulses count down the counters to generate an internal pulse delayed by an internal which is functionally related to the preset time interval. A second LCD corrects the internal signal with the high resolution time delay. A second internal pulse is then applied to a third LCD to generate a second set of synchronizing data which is complementary with the first set of synchronizing data for presentation to logic circuits. The logic circuits further delay the internal output signal with the internal pulses. The final delayed output signal thereafter enables the output pulse generator to produce the desired output pulse at the preset time delay interval following input of the trigger pulse.
Martin, A.D.
High voltage electrical amplifier having a short rise time
A circuit, comprising an amplifier and a transformer is disclosed that produces a high power pulse having a fast response time, and that responds to a digital control signal applied through a digital-to-analog converter. The present invention is suitable for driving a component such as an electro-optic modulator with a voltage in the kilovolt range. The circuit is stable at high frequencies and during pulse transients, and its impedance matching circuit matches the load impedance with the output impedance. The preferred embodiment comprises an input stage compatible with high-speed semiconductor components for amplifying the voltage of the input control signal, a buffer for isolating the input stage from the output stage; and a plurality of current amplifiers connected to the buffer. Each current amplifier is connected to a field effect transistor (FET), which switches a high voltage power supply to a transformer which then provides an output terminal for driving a load. The transformer comprises a plurality of transmission lines connected to the FETs and the load. The transformer changes the impedance and the voltage of the output. The preferred embodiment also comprises a low voltage power supply for biasing the FETs at or near an operational voltage. 8 figs.
Christie, D.J.; Dallum, G.E.
A circuit, comprising an amplifier and a transformer is disclosed that produces a high power pulse having a fast response time, and that responds to a digital control signal applied through a digital-to-analog converter. The present invention is suitable for driving a component such as an electro-optic modulator with a voltage in the kilovolt range. The circuit is stable at high frequencies and during pulse transients, and its impedance matching circuit matches the load impedance with the output impedance. The preferred embodiment comprises an input stage compatible with high-speed semiconductor components for amplifying the voltage of the input control signal, a buffer for isolating the input stage from the output stage; and a plurality of current amplifiers connected to the buffer. Each current amplifier is connected to a field effect transistor (FET), which switches a high voltage power supply to a transformer which then provides an output terminal for driving a load. The transformer comprises a plurality of transmission lines connected to the FETs and the load. The transformer changes the impedance and voltage of the output. The preferred embodiment also comprises a low voltage power supply for biasing the FETs at or near an operational voltage.
Christie, David J. (Pleasanton, CA); Dallum, Gregory E. (Livermore, CA)
Effect of Hypericum perforatum CO2 extract on the motivational properties of ethanol in alcohol-preferring rats
Abstract � Aims: Extracts of Hypericum perforatum (HPE) attenuate voluntary ethanol intake in different lines of alcohol-preferring rats. The present study evaluated the effect of the intragastric (IG) administration of a CO 2 Hypericum perforatum extract (HPCO 2) on operant ethanol self-administration, as well as on voluntary ethanol intake, after a period of ethanol deprivation in genetically selected Marchigian Sardinian alcohol-preferring rats. Methods: HPCO 2 was administered by means of an indwelling IG catheter, 1 h before the tests. For the self-administration experiments, the rats were trained to self-administer 10 % (v/v) ethanol in 30-min daily sessions under a fixed ratio 1 schedule of reinforcement. HPCO 2 was also tested on 0.2 % w/v saccharin self-administration. For the ethanol deprivation experiments, rats that had a previous experience with voluntary ethanol drinking were deprived of ethanol for 9 days, whereas water and food were freely available; HPCO 2 was given by IG injection 1 h before the ethanol re-presentation. Results: HPCO 2 in doses of 31 or 125 mg/kg but not 7 mg/kg, significantly reduced ethanol self-administration, while it did not modify saccharin self-administration. The same doses of the extract abolished the increased ethanol intake following ethanol deprivation. Conclusions: These findings provide evidence that HPCO 2 markedly reduces the reinforcing properties of ethanol in the selfadministration paradigm, as well as the increase of ethanol intake following ethanol deprivation. These findings further support the view that the use of HPE may represent an interesting pharmacological approach in the treatment of alcohol abuse and alcoholism.
Marina Perfumi; Laura Mattioli; Laura Forti; Maurizio Massi; Roberto Ciccocioppo
Environment Induced Time Arrow
The spread of the time arrows from the environment to an observed subsystem is followed within a harmonic model. A similarity is pointed out between irreversibility and a phase with spontaneously broken symmetry. The causal structure of interaction might be lost in the irreversible case, as well. The Closed Time Path formalism is developed for classical systems and shown to handle the time arrow problem in a clear and flexible manner. The quantum case is considered, as well, and the common origin of irreversibility and decoherence is pointed out.
Janos Polonyi
An electrically variable time delay line is described which may be readily controlled simuitaneously with variable impedance matching means coupied thereto such that reflections are prevented. Broadly, the delay line includes a signal winding about a magnetic core whose permeability is electrically variable. Inasmuch as the inductance of the line varies directly with the permeability, the time delay and characteristic impedance of the line both vary as the square root of the permeability. Consequently, impedance matching means may be varied similariy and simultaneously w:th the electrically variable permeability to match the line impedance over the entire range of time delay whereby reflections are prevented.
Clemensen, R.E.
Time, energy & form
Physical manifestations of time occur in natural forms of all sizes. Architectural form serves as shelter while providing a built envelope of human life, simultaneously influencing and influenced by energetic activities ...
McInnis, Martha Jane
Wood Use Across Time
?Forest products history and use ?Forest resource- the big picture ?Consumption- the big picture ?Trends forest products industry ? pulp & paper ? solid woodBack in Time ?1492 ? Columbus sailed the ocean blue! ? wood use- fuelwood American Indians ?1634: Jean Nicolet
Scott Bowe; United States Wood Use
Technical Talks Timing
Talks Timing The technical talks should last a maximum of 15 minutes with 5 minutes for set-up and 5 minutes for Q&A. No teamgroup presentations are allowed. The objective of...
Dogs and Time
Question: I travel often and worry how leaving for long periods of time (and boarding my dog) will affect her. I wouldn't think that dogs could understand the concept of...
NSIT Computer Time Services: Internet Time Service (ITS) ...
Page 1. NIST Special Publication 250-59 NIST Computer Time Services: Internet Time Service (ITS), Automated Computer Time Service (ACTS), ...
Awareness, Preference, Utilization, and Messaging Research for the Spallation Neutron Source and High Flux Isotope Reactor
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) offers the scientific community unique access to two types of world-class neutron sources at a single site - the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) and the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR). The 85-MW HFIR provides one of the highest steady-state neutron fluxes of any research reactor in the world, and the SNS is one of the world's most intense pulsed neutron beams. Management of these two resources is the responsibility of the Neutron Sciences Directorate (NScD). NScD commissioned this survey research to develop baseline information regarding awareness of and perceptions about neutron science. Specific areas of investigative interest include the following: (1) awareness levels among those in the scientific community about the two neutron sources that ORNL offers; (2) the level of understanding members of various scientific communities have regarding benefits that neutron scattering techniques offer; and (3) any perceptions that negatively impact utilization of the facilities. NScD leadership identified users of two light sources in North America - the Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory and the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) at Brookhaven National Laboratory - as key publics. Given the type of research in which these scientists engage, they would quite likely benefit from including the neutron techniques available at SNS and HFIR among their scientific investigation tools. The objective of the survey of users of APS, NSLS, SNS, and HFIR was to explore awareness of and perceptions regarding SNS and HFIR among those in selected scientific communities. Perceptions of SNS and FHIR will provide a foundation for strategic communication plan development and for developing key educational messages. The survey was conducted in two phases. The first phase included qualitative methods of (1) key stakeholder meetings; (2) online interviews with user administrators of APS and NSLS; and (3) one-on-one interviews and traditional and online focus groups with scientists. The latter include SNS, HFIR, and APS users as well as scientists at ORNL, some of whom had not yet used HFIR and/or SNS. These approaches informed development of the second phase, a quantitative online survey. The survey consisted of 16 questions and 7 demographic categorizations, 9 open-ended queries, and 153 pre-coded variables and took an average time of 18 minutes to complete. The survey was sent to 589 SNS/HFIR users, 1,819 NSLS users, and 2,587 APS users. A total of 899 individuals provided responses for this study: 240 from NSLS; 136 from SNS/HFIR; and 523 from APS. The overall response rate was 18%.
Bryant, Rebecca [Bryant Research, LLC; Kszos, Lynn A [ORNL
Steel Process Technology
Oct 29, 2009 ... As the axel loads have been continuously increasing with time, so has the desire for premium rail steels with better wear, rolling contact fatigue�...
Quantum tunneling time
A simple model of a quantum clock is applied to the old and controversial problem of how long a particle takes to tunnel through a quantum barrier. The model I employ has the advantage of yielding sensible results for energy eigenstates, and does not require the use of time-dependant wave packets. Although the treatment does not forbid superluminal tunneling velocities, there is no implication of faster-than-light signaling because only the transit duration is measurable, not the absolute time of transit. A comparison is given with the weak-measurement post-selection calculations of Steinberg.
P. C. W. Davies
Investigation of an Invasive Ant Species: Nylanderia fulva Colony Extraction, Management, Diet Preference, Fecundity, and Mechanical Vector Potential
Invasive species often threaten biodiversity and environmental processes in their introduced range by extirpating native species due to competition for resources. Nylanderia fulva (formerly N. (=Paratrechina) sp. nr. pubens) is an ecologically dominant and economically important invasive species in the United States. This dissertation addresses aspects of the biology, behavior, management, and collection techniques for N. fulva. Specifically, topics investigated include a modified drip technique for extracting ants from their substrate, the effectiveness of a broadcast ant bait as a stand-alone treatment, the foraging preference and peak activity of workers, the reproductive potential of queens, and the ability of this species to translocate pathogenic microorganisms. The primary goal of these works was to better understand the biological idiosyncrasies of this species that may ultimately lead to the mitigation N. fulva populations. A modified drip technique was developed to quickly and efficiently extract N. fulva from their nesting substrates. Ants and their associated substrates were collected in 18.9 L buckets lined with talcum powder and transported to the laboratory. Substrates were weighted down and a cardboard tower was provided for the immigration of ants as they were forced out of substrates with a slow influx of water. Three applications of Advance Carpenter Ant Bait (ACAB) were applied to a N. fulva population in East Columbia, TX. A series of GIS interpolated maps depict achieved management and subsequent rebound of N. fulva populations. As great as 77% population reduction was achieved by 1 week post treatment, but N. fulva populations rebounded within 3-4 weeks. As a stand-alone treatment, this bait did not provide adequate ant management in treatment plots. Diet preference experiments were performed using artificial diets and food lures. These results of these trials indicated that N. fulva preferred the most carbohydrate rich diet offered through all seasons and that mint apple jelly or hot dog slices were the favored food lures. Diel foraging behavior was observed when temperatures were between 9.95 and 37.26 degrees C. Peak foraging activity occurred at 28.24 +/- 3.12 degrees C. A laboratory investigation of N. fulva suggested that as the number of queens increased, individual queen fecundity increased. This phenomenon is a novel observation among ants and suggests an alternative mechanism for intracolony dominance. Hexagyne colony fecundity of 0.25 +/- 0.12 eggs/queen/hr was the maximum fecundity observed. Results of laboratory experiments showed that N. fulva were capable of transferring E. coli up to 4.5 m in 6 hrs after acquisition from a contaminated source. Pyrosequencing of ectomicrobial assemblages revealed a suite of 518 bacteria and 135 fungi species associated with N. fulva, many of which are known pathogens of plants and animals, including humans. These results suggested that N. fulva should be regarded as both a medically and agriculturally important species.
McDonald, Danny 1983-
A study of replacement rules for a parallel fleet replacement problem based on user preference utilization pattern and alternative fuel considerations
Parallel fleet replacement problems deal with determining an optimal replacement schedule that results in a minimal total cost of owning and operating a fleet within a finite planning horizon. In this paper, the fleet consists of service vehicles, varying ... Keywords: Alternative fuels, Parallel fleet replacement, Replacement rules, User preference utilization
Parthana Parthanadee; Jirachai Buddhakulsomsiri; Peerayuth Charnsethikul
Probabilistic timed behavior trees
The Behavior Tree notation has been developed as a method for systematically and traceably capturing user requirements. In this paper we extend the notation with probabilistic behaviour, so that reliability, performance, and other dependability properties ... Keywords: behavior trees, model checking, probabilities, timed automata
Robert Colvin; Lars Grunske; Kirsten Winter
Shades and Shade Controls : Daylighting The New York Times Building
Shades and Shade Controls Shades and Shade Controls Overview The architectural approach The owner's approach Daylighting field study Daylighting control systems Automated roller shades Procurement specifications Shades and Shade Controls Lighting Controls Visualizing daylight Commissioning/ verification Demand response Mainstream solutions Post-occupancy evaluation Publications Sponsors Project team Shades and Shade Controls The shades and shade controls scope of work is based upon the philosophy that occupants of commercial office buildings prefer natural light to electric light. The shade system goals for The New York Times Building are: Maximize natural light Maximize occupant connectivity with the outdoors, i.e. external views Intercept sunlight penetration so as to avoid direct solar radiation on the occupants
Genepool Time Heatmaps
Genepool Time Heatmaps Genepool Time Heatmaps Heatmap of Time and Slots Requested vs Time Waited (in hours) | Queue: All | Last 7 Days Time Requested Slots 1wk Job Count Longest Wait 1 23.0 (233) 0.37 (1819) 27.54 (49888) 5.85 (124593) 1.23 (39835) 0.34 (732) 0 0.4 (224) 0.02 (1) 217325 538.96 2 0 0.01 (19) 2.54 (78) 0.2 (140) 0.99 (2683) 0 0 0 0 2920 9.1 4 0.08 (1) 0 2.82 (141) 0.36 (143) 1.07 (12) 0.06 (5) 0.01 (5) 0.06 (1) 1.3 (5) 313 20.48 6 0.01 (2) 0 0.09 (32) 0.07 (1) 0 0 0 0 0 35 1.22 8 0.04 (24) 4.32 (7423) 5.31 (1999) 0.53 (316) 13.14 (2486) 0.01 (2) 1.21 (88) 1.3 (34) 8.33 (68) 12440 46.16 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.56 (1) 0 1 8.56 16 0 0 0 0.03 (1) 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.03 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.01 (1) 1 0.01 32 0 0 0 0.04 (14) 0 0 0 0.01 (6) 0 20 0.26
Binding Preferences, Surface Attachment, Diffusivity, and Orientation of a Family 1 Carbohydrate-Binding Module on Cellulose
Cellulase enzymes often contain carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) for binding to cellulose. The mechanisms by which CBMs recognize specific surfaces of cellulose and aid in deconstruction are essential to understand cellulase action. The Family 1 CBM from the Trichoderma reesei Family 7 cellobiohydrolase, Cel7A, is known to selectively bind to hydrophobic surfaces of native cellulose. It is most commonly suggested that three aromatic residues identify the planar binding face of this CBM, but several recent studies have challenged this hypothesis. Here, we use molecular simulation to study the CBM binding orientation and affinity on hydrophilic and hydrophobic cellulose surfaces. Roughly 43 {mu}s of molecular dynamics simulations were conducted, which enables statistically significant observations. We quantify the fractions of the CBMs that detach from crystal surfaces or diffuse to other surfaces, the diffusivity along the hydrophobic surface, and the overall orientation of the CBM on both hydrophobic and hydrophilic faces. The simulations demonstrate that there is a thermodynamic driving force for the Cel7A CBM to bind preferentially to the hydrophobic surface of cellulose relative to hydrophilic surfaces. In addition, the simulations demonstrate that the CBM can diffuse from hydrophilic surfaces to the hydrophobic surface, whereas the reverse transition is not observed. Lastly, our simulations suggest that the flat faces of Family 1 CBMs are the preferred binding surfaces. These results enhance our understanding of how Family 1 CBMs interact with and recognize specific cellulose surfaces and provide insights into the initial events of cellulase adsorption and diffusion on cellulose.
Nimlos, M. R.; Beckham, G. T.; Matthews, J. F.; Bu, L.; Himmel, M. E.; Crowley, M. F.
Timed fast charger
In a charger for rechargeable electrochemical cells, a transformer charging circuit supplies a charging current to the battery at a fast charge rate for a predetermined time followed by a continuous slow charge rate. A normally closed automatic reset thermostat in series with the rectifier diodes in the charging circuit, and thermally coupled to them, opens after a period of time, dependent upon the heat generated by the rectifier diodes and upon the thermal mass of the thermostat and diodes, and terminates the fast charge current. A resistor, shunted across the thermostat and thermally coupled to it, establishes a slow charge rate current path when the thermostat opens. Heat generated in the resistor causes the thermostat to remain open as long as the battery is connected and ac power is supplied to the transformer primary winding.
Mullersman, F.H.
Internet Topology over Time
There are few studies that look closely at how the topology of the Internet evolves over time; most focus on snapshots taken at a particular point in time. In this paper, we investigate the evolution of the topology of the Autonomous Systems graph of the Internet, examining how eight commonly-used topological measures change from January 2002 to January 2010. We find that the distributions of most of the measures remain unchanged, except for average path length and clustering coefficient. The average path length has slowly and steadily increased since 2005 and the average clustering coefficient has steadily declined. We hypothesize that these changes are due to changes in peering policies as the Internet evolves. We also investigate a surprising feature, namely that the maximum degree has changed little, an aspect that cannot be captured without modeling link deletion. Our results suggest that evaluating models of the Internet graph by comparing steady-state generated topologies to snapshots of the real data ...
Edwards, Benjamin; Stelle, George; Forrest, Stephanie
Space Time Matter inflation
We study a model of power-law inflationary inflation using the Space-Time-Matter (STM) theory of gravity for a five dimensional (5D) canonical metric that describes an apparent vacuum. In this approach the expansion is governed by a single scalar (neutral) quantum field. In particular, we study the case where the power of expansion of the universe is $p \\gg 1$. This kind of model is more successful than others in accounting for galaxy formation.
Mariano Anabitarte; Mauricio Bellini
The Los Alamos National Laboratory Monte Carlo N-Particle radiation transport code, MCNP, is widely used around the world for many radiation protection and shielding applications. As a well-known standard it is also an excellent vehicle for assessing the relative performance of scientific computing platforms. Every three-to-four years a new version of MCNP is released internationally by the Radiation Safety Information Computational Center (RSICC) in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. For each of the past few releases, we have also done a timing study to assess the progress of scientific computing platforms and software. These quadrennial timing studies are valuable to the radiation protection and shielding community because (a) they are performed by a recognized scientific team, not a computer vendor, (b) they use an internationally recognized code for radiation protection and shielding calculations, (c) they are eminently reproducible since the code and the test problems are internationally distributed. Further, if one has a computer platform, operating system, or compiler not presented in our results, its performance is directly comparable to the ones we report because it can use the same code, data, and test problems as we used. Our results, using a single processor per platform, indicate that hardware advances during the past three years have improved performance by less than a factor of two and software improvements have had a marginal effect on performance. The most significant impacts on performance have resulted from developments in multiprocessing and multitasking. The other most significant advance in the last three years has been the accelerated improvements in personal computers. In the last timing study, the tested personal computer was approximately a factor of four slower that the fastest machine tested, a DEC Alphastation 500. In the present study, the fastest PC tested was less than a factor of two slower than the fastest platform, which is a Compaq (previously DEC) Alpha XP1000.
Exploiting VERITAS Timing Information
The 499 pixel photomultiplier cameras of the VERITAS gamma ray telescopes are instrumented with 500MHz sampling Flash ADCs. This paper describes a preliminary investigation of the best methods by which to exploit this information so as to optimize the signal-to-noise ratio for the detection of Cherenkov light pulses. The FADCs also provide unprecedented resolution for the study of the timing characteristics of Cherenkov images of cosmic-ray and gamma-ray air showers. This capability is discussed, together with the implications for gamma-hadron separation.
J. Holder; for the VERITAS Collaboration
A support vector machine (SVM) for predicting preferred treatment position in radiotherapy of patients with breast cancer
Purpose: NYU 05-181 protocol compared the CT simulation in both supine and prone positions for 400 patients with breast cancer (200 left-breast and 200 right-breast) to identify which setup is better at sparing heart and lung involvement in the treatment process. The results demonstrated that all right-breast patients benefited from the prone treatment position, while for left-breast patients, 85% were better treated prone and 15% were better treated supine. Using the clinical data collected from this protocol, the authors aimed at developing an automated tool capable of identifying which of the left-breast cancer patients are better treated supine without obtaining a second CT scan in the supine position. Methods: Prone CT scans from 198 of the 200 left-breast cancer patients enrolled in NYU 05-181 protocol were deidentified and exported to a dedicated research planning workstation. Three-dimensional geometric features of the organs at risk and tumor bed were extracted. A two-stage classifier was used to classify patients into the prone class or the supine class. In the first stage, the authors use simple thresholding to divide the patients into two groups based on their in-field heart volume. For patients with in-field heart volume {<=}0.1 cc, the prone position was chosen as the preferred treatment position. Patients with in-field heart volume >0.1 cc will be further classified in the second stage by a weighted support vector machine (SVM). The weight parameters of the SVM were adjusted to maximize the specificity [true-supine/(true-supine+false-prone)] at the cost of lowering but still maintaining reasonable sensitivity [true-prone/(true-prone+false-supine)]. The authors used K-fold cross validations to test the performance of the SVM classifier. A feature selection algorithm was also used to identify features that give the best classification performance. Results: After the first stage, 49 of the 198 left-breast cancer patients were found to have >0.1 cc of in-field heart volume. The three geometric features of heart orientation, distance between heart and tumor, and in-field lung were selected by the feature selection algorithm in the second stage of the two-stage classifier to give the best predefined weighted accuracy. The overall sensitivity and specificity of the proposed method were found to be 90.4% and 99.3%, respectively. Using two-stage classification, the authors reduced the proportion of prone-treated patients that need a second supine CT scan down to 16.3/170 or 9.6%, as compared to 21/170 or 12.4% when the authors use only the first stage (thresholding) for classification. Conclusions: The authors' study showed that a feature-based classifier is feasible for predicting the preferred treatment position, based on features extracted from prone CT scans. The two-stage classifier achieved very high specificity at an acceptable expense of sensitivity.
Zhao Xuan; Wong, Edward K.; Wang Yao; Lymberis, Stella; Wen Bixiu; Formenti, Silvia; Chang Jenghwa [Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of New York University, Brooklyn, New York 11201 (United States); Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of New York University, Brooklyn, New York 11201 (United States); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of New York University, Brooklyn, New York 11201 (United States); Department of Radiation Oncology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016 (United States); Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080 (China); Department of Radiation Oncology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016 (United States)
Good Timing: NIST/CU Collaboration Adds Timing Capability ...
... With the added capability to track the timing of dynamic biochemical reactions, cell ... to measure sensor signals at two points in time at a rate of up to ...
A Time Bucket Formulation for the TSP with Time Windows
Nov 10, 2009 ... The Traveling Salesman Problem with Time Windows (TSPTW) is the problem of finding a ... To obtain a good partition of the time windows, we.
Lighting Controls : Daylighting The New York Times Building
Lighting Controls Lighting Controls Overview The architectural approach The owner's approach Daylighting field study Daylighting control systems Automated roller shades Procurement specifications Shades and Shade Controls Lighting Controls Visualizing daylight Commissioning/ verification Demand response Mainstream solutions Post-occupancy evaluation Publications Sponsors Project team Lighting Controls The lighting controls scope of work is based upon the philosophy that occupants of commercial office buildings prefer natural light to electric light. The lighting controls system specified by the Times Company for its new headquarters building is a DALI (Digital Addressable Lighting Interface) based system with dimmable fixtures throughout the interior space. This allows the system to dim down the electric lighting in response to daylight admittance. It also provides for variable target set points for illuminance levels at the work plane. The Times Company intends to establish and adjust target set points on a departmental basis. The lighting control sequences are described within the specification 16575. These sequences utilize occupancy sensors, photo sensors, switches and a time clock to control the lighting in the interior space on each floor. The emergency lighting system is also described within the specification. The lighting control sequences are tied to Control Intent Diagrams that divide up the space on each floor into its various control zones. The overall intent is to provide electric light only when the space is occupied and to provide as little electric light as is necessary to achieve the target set point for the work plane in a given department. A department usually occupies multiple floors.
NIST Time Scale Data Archive
NIST Time Scale Data Archive. ... The AT1 scale is run in real time using data from an ensemble of cesium standards and hydrogen masers. ...
Time and Frequency Division Homepage
... Controlled ClocksTelephone TimeDivision HistoryFrequently Asked Questions (FAQ)Time and Frequency from A to Z: An illustrated glossaryA Walk ...
Traditional research on political parties suggests that there are certain routes that each party should take to secure support for their policies. Republicans have found success by campaigning on symbols and more abstract issues. Democrats have found success by picking up issues that reflect the people?s values. These have been the traditional norms in social politics, but I believe it would be interesting to see how valid these truths are presently. The traditional models for political parties are worth examining today because of new factors that are more relevant than ever before. Some of these elements include terrorism, national security, and Iraq. There is reason to believe that the models for success have shifted over time because of the mentioned factors. There are a limited number of issues that one can expect people to be attentive to. Add the elements brought about after 9/11, and now it is difficult to balance social issues with foreign policy. Recent politics by both parties seem to have fallen back on ?valance? issues, or simply promoting issues that there is general consensus for. Furthermore, issues that have no clearly developed sides are avoided until there is reasonable support for one solution. James A. Stimson comments on the traditional methods that both parties utilize to find support for their policies. In his book, Tides of Consent (2004), Stimson explains the fluctuations in preferences for liberal and conservative policies. He explains that a sizeable portion of the population still expresses their preference for policy based on the traditional notions about political parties. Traditional notions still correlate Democrats with the New Deal politics and increased government spending. Republicans are linked with shrinking the spending and limiting the influence of the government in the day-today affairs of the people. However, to even the slightly alert political observer, it is clear to note that the two parties do not reflect their traditional selves.
Moti, Danish
Time dependent Directional Profit Model for Financial Time Series Forecasting
Time dependent Directional Profit Model for Financial Time Series Forecasting Jingtao YAO Chew email@example.com Abstract Goodnessoffit is the most popular criterion for neural network time series forecasting. In the context of financial time series forecasting, we are not only concerned at how good the forecasts fit
Yao, JingTao
The Heliosphere in Time
Because of the dynamic nature of the interstellar medium, the Sun should have encountered a variety of different interstellar environments in its lifetime. As the solar wind interacts with the surrounding interstellar medium to form a heliosphere, different heliosphere shapes, sizes, and particle contents result from the different environments. Some of the large possible interstellar parameter space (density, velocity, temperature) is explored here with the help of global heliosphere models, and the features in the resulting heliospheres are compared and discussed. The heliospheric size, expressed as distance of the nose of the heliopause to the Sun, is set by the solar wind - interstellar pressure balance, even for extreme cases. Other heliospheric boundary locations and neutral particle results correlate with the interstellar parameters as well. If the H0 clouds identified in the Millennium Arecibo survey are typical of clouds encountered by the Sun, then the Sun spends ~99.4% of the time in warm low density ISM, where the typical upwind heliosphere radii are up to two orders of magnitude larger than at present.
H. -R. M�ller; P. C. Frisch; B. D. Fields; G. P. Zank
Nexant Parabolic Trough Solar Power Plant Systems Analysis; Task 1: Preferred Plant Size, 20 January 2005 - 31 December 2005
The Rankine cycles for commercial parabolic trough solar projects range in capacity from 13.5 MWe at the Solar Electric Generating Station I (SEGS I) plant, to a maximum of 89 MWe at the SEGS VIII/IX plants. The series of SEGS projects showed a consistent reduction in the levelized energy cost due to a combination of improvements in collector field technology and economies of scale in both the Rankine cycle and the operation and maintenance costs. Nonetheless, the question of the optimum Rankine cycle capacity remains an open issue. The capacities of the SEGS VIII/IX plants were limited by Federal Energy Regulatory Commission and Public Utility Regulatory Policy Act requirements to a maximum net output of 80 MWe. Further improvements in the Rankine cycle efficiency, and economies of scale in both the capital and the operating cost, should be available at larger plant sizes. An analysis was conducted to determine the effect of Rankine cycle capacities greater than 80 MWe on the levelized energy cost. The study was conducted through the following steps: (1) Three gross cycle capacities of 88 MWe, 165 MWe, and 220 MWe were selected. (2) Three Rankine cycle models were developed using the GateCycle program. The models were based on single reheat turbine cycles, with main steam conditions of 1,450 lb{sub f}/in{sup 2} and 703 F, and reheat steam conditions of 239 lb{sub f}/in{sup 2} and 703 F. The feedwater heater system consisted of 5 closed heaters and 1 open deaerating heater. The design condenser pressure was 2.5 in. HgA. (3) The optimization function within Excelergy was used to determine the preferred solar multiple for each plant. Two cases were considered for each plant: (a) a solar-only project without thermal storage, and (b) a solar-fossil hybrid project, with 3 hours of thermal storage and a heat transport fluid heater fired by natural gas. (4) For each of the 6 cases, collector field geometries, heat transport fluid pressure losses, and heat transport pump power requirements were calculated with a field piping optimization model. (5) Annual electric energy outputs, capital costs, and annual operating costs were calculated for each case using the default methods within Excelergy, from which estimates of the levelized energy costs were developed. The plant with the lowest energy cost was considered the optimum.
Kelly, B.
Arnold Schwarzenegger REAL-TIME GRID RELIABILITY
necessary to select a preferred cycle and fluid II-' I #12;corrosion and stability problems, and to develop concepts for a com-elucidate the corrosion and stability characteristics pact, high.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL), NBS, EPRI, 11-4 I #12;LIST OF PUBLICATIONS 1
First-passage-time problems in time-aware networks
First passage time or the first time that a stochastic process crosses a boundary is a random variable whose probability distribution is sought in engineering, statistics, finance, and other disciplines. The probability ...
Suwansantisuk, Watcharapan, 1978-
NIST: A Walk Through Time - The "Atomic Age" of Time ...
... Transportation, communication, financial transactions, manufacturing, electric power and many ... The next generation of time standards is presently ...
General Transformations of Space and Time according to Aether Theory
Assuming the existence of a preferred aether frame and the anisotropy of the one-way speed of light in platforms different from the aether frame, we derive the space and time transformations relative to bodies moving in any direction of space and not only in the direction of the common x-axis of the co-ordinate systems under consideration. Taking for granted length contraction and clock retardation, we show that the experimental space-time transformations result from measurement distortions due to the fact that the length of the rods and the frequency of the clocks, used for the measure, do not have a constant value as a result of their motion through the aether, and because the standard synchronization procedures are affected by a synchronism discrepancy effect. When the motion of bodies is aligned along the common x-axis, the transformations assume the same mathematical form as the conventional transformations. However, their meaning is quite different because they have been derived on the basis of very different assumptions, and they arise from the measurement distortions mentioned above. Therefore they conceal hidden variables which are the true transformations.
Joseph Levy
NIST Time Scale Data Archive. Updated monthly. Return to Archive index Leap second and UT1-UTC information. This page ...
Personalised time-dependent learning
Time-dependent instruction appears to shape next-generation learning systems, where the value of instruction is as important as the time it takes to learn. The ability to grasp the exact knowledge required to accomplish a specific task, in the ... Keywords: adaptive learning, authoring tools, knowledge management, learning granularity, learning objects, learning resources, learning technology, learning web, ontology, personalised learning, semantic web, time constraints, time-dependent learning, timeliness
R. Benlamri; Y. Atif; J. Berri
Method of glass melter electrode length measurement using time domain reflectometry (TDR)
The present invention overcomes the drawbacks inherent in the prior art and solves the problems inherent in conventional Joule-heated vitrification melters, where the melter preferably comprises a vessel having a refractory liner and an opening for receiving material which is converted into molten vitreous material in the vessel. The vessel has an outlet port for removing molten vitreous material from the vessel. A plurality of electrodes is disposed in the vessel and electrical energy is passed between electrode pairs through feed material and molten vitreous material in the vessel. Typically, the electrodes erode and wear in time, and this invention seeks to monitor and evaluate the length and condition of the electrodes. The present invention uses time domain reflectometry (TDR) methods to accurately measure the length of an electrode that is subject to wear and electrolytic decomposition due to the extreme conditions in which the electrode is required to operate. Specifically, TDR would be used to measure the length and effects of erosion of molybdenum electrodes used in Joule-heated vitrification melter. Of course, the inventive concept should not be limited to this preferred environment.
Tarpley, James M.; Zamecnik, John R.
The LCLS Timing Event System
The Linac Coherent Light Source requires precision timing trigger signals for various accelerator diagnostics and controls at SLAC-NAL. A new timing system has been developed that meets these requirements. This system is based on COTS hardware with a mixture of custom-designed units. An added challenge has been the requirement that the LCLS Timing System must co-exist and 'know' about the existing SLC Timing System. This paper describes the architecture, construction and performance of the LCLS timing event system.
Dusatko, John; Allison, S.; Browne, M.; Krejcik, P.; /SLAC
Nov 5, 2009 ... Abstract: The Traveling Salesman Problem with Time Windows (TSPTW) is the problem of finding a minimum-cost path visiting a set of cities�...
NIST: A Walk Through Time - World Time Scales
... A Walk Through Time - Home Page ... and technologists recognized the inadequacy of timekeeping based on the motion of the Earth, which fluctuates ...
All Time, All the Time: Improving NIST Radio
... need for manual adjustments when Daylight Saving Time begins and ends, and allowing automatic resetting of clocks following a power outage.
Judges 9:00- 9:25 Materials Science Mathew Cherukara Shock Induced Chemistry of NiAl Nano-Composites Chen, X. Gyrya, V. 9:25- 9:50 Materials Science Christian Sorensen Explosive...
This patent relates to a pulse generator and more particularly to a time interval generator wherein the time interval between pulses is precisely determined. The variable time generator comprises two oscillators with one having a variable frequency output and the other a fixed frequency output. A frequency divider is connected to the variable oscillator for dividing its frequency by a selected factor and a counter is used for counting the periods of the fixed oscillator occurring during a cycle of the divided frequency of the variable oscillator. This defines the period of the variable oscillator in terms of that of the fixed oscillator. A circuit is provided for selecting as a time interval a predetermined number of periods of the variable oscillator. The output of the generator consists of a first pulse produced by a trigger circuit at the start of the time interval and a second pulse marking the end of the time interval produced by the same trigger circuit.
Gross, J.E.
Reactor control rod timing system
A fluid driven jet-edge whistle timing system for control rods of a nuclear reactor for producing real-time detection of the timing of each control rod in its scram operation. An important parameter in reactor safety, particularly for liquid metal fast breeder reactors (LMFBR), is the time deviation between the time the control rod is released and the time the rod actually reaches the down position. The whistle has a nearly pure tone signal with center frequency (above 100 kHz) far above the frequency band in which the energy of the background noise is concentrated. Each control rod can be fitted with a whistle with a different frequency so that there is no ambiguity in differentiating the signal from each control rod.
Wu, Peter T. K. (Clifton Park, NY)
Time-lock Puzzles and Timed-release Crypto
Our motivation is the notion of ``timed-release crypto,'''' where the goal is to encrypt a message so that it can not be decrypted by anyone, not even the sender, until a pre-determined amount of time has passed. The goal is to ``send information into ...
R. L. Rivest; A. Shamir; D. A. Wagner
Real time wind turbine simulator.
??A novel dynamic real-time wind turbine simulator (WTS) is developed in this thesis, which is capable of reproducing dynamic behavior of real wind turbine. The� (more)
Gong, Bing
Automated Computer Time Service (ACTS)
... provided since 1988 for users who need to synchronize computer clocks to ... For computers with Internet access, the Internet Time Service should be ...
Time-critical information services
Emergency medical services have never been more ready for the implementation of time-critical interorganizational information services for the public good.
Thomas A. Horan; Benjamin L. Schooley
Time and Frequency Users Manual
... 9 TERMS USED 11 ... 135 GLOSSARY 137 INDEX ... The OIL INDUSTRY needs accurate timing to help automate oil well drilling, especially offshore. ...
A Simulator for Timed CSP
Time is an integral aspect of computer systems. It is essential for modelling a system�s performance, but may also affect its safety or security. Timed CSP [Sch00] conservatively extends the process algebra CSP with timed primitives, where real numbers ? 0 model how time passes with reference to a single, conceptually global, clock. While there have been approaches for model checking Timed CSP ([Sch00, DHSZ06]), to the best of our knowledge we are the first to present a simulator for Timed CSP. Here, we restrict time to rational values only. Theoretically, this limits the expressibility of the language. Practically, this limitation turns out to be negligible (for instance all examples of Schneider�s book [Sch00] can be dealt with in our simulator). The simulator is the outcome of an undergraduate project at Swansea University [Dra11]. Our Timed CSP simulator extends the open source tool ProB [Leu]. ProB�s CSP simulator works as follows: The CSP specification is analyzed by a parser (written in Haskell) and translated to a representation in Prolog. A CSP Interpreter (in Prolog) stores the �firing rules� of CSP�s operational semantics. The Simulator (also in Prolog) determines the actions available and the resultant states. A GUI (written in Tcl/Tk) allows the user to interact with the Simulator. Timed CSP is closed under rational time [DNR11]. Consider, for example, the following firing rule ( t ? stands for a timed transition of duration t): P d? ? P ? (P ?d Q) d?
Marc Dragon; Andy Gimblett; Markus Roggenbach; Jens Bendisposto; Cliff Jones; Michael Leuschel; Er Romanovsky; Tiziana Margaria; Julia Padberg; Gabriele Taentzer; Marc Dragon; Andy Gimblett; Markus Roggenbach
Cost of Capital and Regulator�s Preferences: Investigation into a new method of estimating regulatory bias
and in the north-eastern section of the United States. They also own liquefied natural gas storage facilitites in Britain and provide infrastructure services to the mobile telecom industry. PNN LN Equity: Pennon Group Plc Pennon Group Plc operates and invests... precise there. 4 Application to Regulated UK Companies In this section we report the results we obtained by computing the beta coeffi- cient for many UK regulated companies which are listed in the FTSE all share. Our time series sample comprises weekly...
Sancetta, Alessio; Satchell, Stephen E
Electric Time in Quantum Cosmology
Effective quantum cosmology is formulated with a realistic global internal time given by the electric vector potential. New possibilities for the quantum behavior of space-time are found, and the high-density regime is shown to be very sensitive to the specific form of state realized.
Stephon Alexander; Martin Bojowald; Antonino Marciano; David Simpson
Time-Constrained Loop Pipelining
This paper addresses the problem of Time-Constrained Loop Pipelining, i.e. given a fixed throughput, finding a schedule of a loop which minimizes resource requirements. This paper proposes a methodology, called TCLP, based on dividing the problem into ... Keywords: loop pipelining, scheduling, timing and resource contraints, register optimization
Fermin Sanchez
Beam Time Allocation Committee (BAC)
Time Allocation Committee (BAC) Time Allocation Committee (BAC) Charter Purpose: Allocates general user beam time by instrument to promote diverse and high- impact science and a broad-based user community to meet DOE and NSSD goals. Participants: BAC Chair (appointed by NSSD Director), Instrument Group Leaders, User Office Schedule: Tied to proposal calls - expected to meet at least 2 times/year with meetings scheduled about 6 weeks after the proposal call has closed and at least 1 month prior to scheduled operations. Process: 1. Instrument Group Leaders (with group members): a. Confirm feasibility (equipment requirements and instrument capabilities) and safe operations b. Review amount of beam time requested and adjust as needed with consideration for instrument and sample environment availability.
Finding patterns in timed data with spike timing dependent plasticity
My research focuses on finding patterns in events - in sequences of data that happen over time. It takes inspiration from a neuroscience phenomena believed to be deeply involved in learning. I propose a machine learning ...
Oliveira, Alexandre (Alexandre S.)
Mining User Dwell Time for Personalized Web Search Re-Ranking
We propose a personalized re-ranking algorithm through mining user dwell times derived from a user's previously online reading or browsing activities. We acquire document level user dwell times via a customized web browser, from which we then infer conceptword level user dwell times in order to understand a user's personal interest. According to the estimated concept word level user dwell times, our algorithm can estimate a user's potential dwell time over a new document, based on which personalized webpage re-ranking can be carried out. We compare the rankings produced by our algorithm with rankings generated by popular commercial search engines and a recently proposed personalized ranking algorithm. The results clearly show the superiority of our method. In this paper, we propose a new personalized webpage ranking algorithmthrough mining dwell times of a user. We introduce a quantitative model to derive concept word level user dwell times from the observed document level user dwell times. Once we have inferred a user's interest over the set of concept words the user has encountered in previous readings, we can then predict the user's potential dwell time over a new document. Such predicted user dwell time allows us to carry out personalized webpage re-ranking. To explore the effectiveness of our algorithm, we measured the performance of our algorithm under two conditions - one with a relatively limited amount of user dwell time data and the other with a doubled amount. Both evaluation cases put our algorithm for generating personalized webpage rankings to satisfy a user's personal preference ahead of those by Google, Yahoo!, and Bing, as well as a recent personalized webpage ranking algorithm.
Xu, Songhua [ORNL; Jiang, Hao [University of Hong Kong, The; Lau, Francis [University of Hong Kong, The
Upgrade of NSLS timing system
We report on the progress of the new NSLS timing system. There are three types of requirements for NSLS timing system: clocks, synchronization and trigger circuits. All ring revolution frequency clocks are generated using ECL and high speed TTL logic. The synchronization circuits allows to fill both storage rings with any bunch pattern. The triggers are generated by using commercially available digital delay generators. The delay unit`s outputs are ultrastable, with a resolution of 5 ps, and are programmed by computer via IEEE 488 interface. The block diagrams, description of all major timing components and the present status are provided in this paper.
Singh, O.; Ramamoorthy, S.; Sheehan, J.; Smith, J.
Logarithmic time parallel Bayesian inference
I present a parallel algorithm for exact probabilistic inference in Bayesian networks. For polytree networks with n variables, the worstcase time complexity is O(logn) on a CREW PRAM (concurrent-read, exclusive-write parallel random-access ...
David M. Pennock
The structure of cosmic time
Following the approach of Julien Lesgourgues [1], we analyze the mathematical structure of the time co-ordinate of present day cosmological models, where these models include a cosmological constant term to account for the observed acceleration of the universe [2], [3]: we find that in all cases, except for a set of measure zero in the parameter space, the time is given by an (abelian) integral on a torus; the imaginary period of this integral then gives a natural periodicity in imaginary time for the universe; following Stephen Hawking [4], [5], this periodicity may be interpreted either as giving a fundamental mass scale for the universe, or (using Planck�s constant) a fundamental temperature, or both. The precise structure that emerges suggests that the structure of time can be regarded as an order parameter arising perhaps in a phase transition in the early universe; one might hope that this structure
George Sparling
A real time priority scheduler
The real time priority scheduler reported herein evolved from a design effort to provide software aids for handling the interrupts that occur in hybrid computation. Since these interrupts are both internal and external (i.e., generated internal and external ...
Karl Ramsay; Jon C. Strauss
Silicon photomultiplier timing performance study
Many characteristics of Silicon Photomultipliers can be tuned with temperature and operation voltage. We present preliminary results of a study of the effect of these two operation parameters on the time resolution of large active area Multi-Pixel Photon Counters (MPPCs) manufactured by Hamamatsu. Measurements at -10 C, 0 C, and 10 C at different bias voltages were performed. The time resolution is best at low temperature and high over-voltage. Most significant improvements can be achieved in cases with low number of fired pixels (40 pixels) the effect of temperature and operation voltage becomes smaller. The timing performance still improves with decreasing temperature (~ factor of 2) but it hardly depends on the operation voltage. The study shows, that especially in applications where only few photons are available for detection a careful optimization of temperature and operation voltage are advisable to obtain optimum timing results with the MPPC.
Gama Ahmed; Paul B�hler; Johann Marton; Ken Suzuki
This paper addresses the problem of Time-Constrained Loop Pipelining, i.e. given a fixed throughput, finding a schedule of a loop which minimizes resource requirements. We propose a methodology, called TCLP, based on dividing the problem into two simpler and independent tasks: retiming and scheduling. TCLP explores different sets of resources, searchingfor a maximum resource utilization. This reduces area requirements. After a minimum set of resourceshas been found, the execution throughput is increased and the number of registers required by the loop schedule is reduced. TCLP attempts to generate a schedule which minimizes cost in time and area (resources and registers). The results show that TCLP obtains optimal schedules in most cases. 1 Introduction This paper presents TCLP, a methodology to solve TimeConstrained Loop Pipelining. TCLP is NP-complete [3]. Two types of timing constraints (TCs) have been considered in the literature: local TCs to specify minimum and/or maximum TCs ...
Fermn Sanchez; Jordi Cortadella
Discrete space-time symmetries
Symmetries have always fascinated human beings; they are found in nature, art, and architecture. Physicists, like other scientists have often used symmetries as a basis of their understanding of nature. When the dynamics is unknown, symmetries serve to delineate and define it. When the dynamics is known, symmetries are used to study structure. These two lectures review the theory and present understanding and status of two discrete space-time symmetries,, namely parity (P) and time reversal (T).
Henley, E.M.
Phase Preference by Active, Acetate-Utilizing Bacteria at the Rifle, CO Integrated Field Research Challenge Site
Previous experiments at the Rifle, Colorado Integrated Field Research Challenge (IFRC) site demonstrated that field-scale addition of acetate to groundwater reduced the ambient soluble uranium concentration. In this report, sediment samples collected before and after acetate field addition were used to assess the active microbes via {sup 13}C acetate stable isotope probing on 3 phases [coarse sand, fines (8-approximately 150 {micro}m), groundwater (0.2-8 {micro}m)] over a 24-day time frame. TRFLP results generally indicated a stronger signal in {sup 13}C-DNA in the 'fines' fraction compared to the sand and groundwater. Before the field-scale acetate addition, a Geobacter-like group primarily synthesized {sup 13}C-DNA in the groundwater phase, an alpha Proteobacterium primarily grew on the fines/sands, and an Acinetobacter sp. and Decholoromonas-like OTU utilized much of the {sup 13}C acetate in both groundwater and particle-associated phases. At the termination of the field-scale acetate addition, the Geobacter-like species was active on the solid phases rather than the groundwater, while the other bacterial groups had very reduced newly synthesized DNA signal. These findings will help to delineate the acetate utilization patterns of bacteria in the field and can lead to improved methods for stimulating distinct microbial populations in situ.
Kerkhof, L.; Williams, K.H.; Long, P.E.; McGuinness, L.
Reduction in maximum time uncertainty of paired time signals
Reduction in the maximum time uncertainty (t/sub max/ - t/sub min/) of a series of paired time signals t/sub 1/ and t/sub 2/ varying between two input terminals and representative of a series of single events where t/sub 1/ less than or equal to t/sub 2/ and t/sub 1/ + t/sub 2/ equals a constant, is carried out with a circuit utilizing a combination of OR and AND gates as signal selecting means and one or more time delays to increase the minimum value (t/sub min/) of the first signal t/sub 1/ closer to t/sub max/ and thereby reduce the difference. The circuit may utilize a plurality of stages to reduce the uncertainty by factors of 20 to 800.
Theodosiou, G.E.; Dawson, J.W.
Predictable real-time software synthesis
Formal theories for real-time systems (such as timed process algebra, timed automata and timed petri nets) have gained great success in the modeling of concurrent timing behavior and in the analysis of real-time properties. However, due to the ineliminable ... Keywords: Formal methods, Program synthesis, Real-time systems
Jinfeng Huang; Jeroen Voeten; Henk Corporaal
May 2008 Y-12 Times
5 5 May 2008 www.y12.doe.gov/news/times.php P.O. Box 2009 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8245 Managing Editor Melissa Leinart 865-574-1621 (6ml) Associate Editors Amy Alley Heidi Spurling Layout/Design Lisa Harris Contributors Ellen Boatner Ken Davis Kathy Fahey Stuart Hames Sharon McConathy Patrick McCoy I N S I D E Page 3 Fire department members come to the rescue Page 4 Driving green to protect our natural resources Page 5 73s: Best regards from Y-12's hams Page8 What's the secret? Mary Murray Brett Pate Ray Smith Donna Watson Bill Wilburn Lisa Xiques times times the B&W Technical Services Y-12, LLC, a partnership between Babcock & Wilcox Technical Services Group Inc. and Bechtel National Inc., operates the Y-12 National Security Complex. When you see information regarding the recent Voluntary Separation Payment
Dielectric Analog Space-Times
We generalize the notion of a dielectric analog Schwarzschild black hole model to analog models of arbitrary space-times; in particular, the approach is not restricted to static space-times. This is done by establishing a correspondence between electrodynamics on a curved, vacuum manifold, with electrodynamics in a general linear dielectric residing in Minkowski space-time. The mapping is not unique, allowing for some freedom in the specification of equivalent materials, which could be useful for exploiting recent developments in the production of metamaterials. Some examples are considered, with special attention paid to the dielectric analog of the exterior Kerr geometry, which is found to be reproducible with regular, linear, dielectrics.
Robert T. Thompson; J�rg Frauendiener
Time-Off Awards Scale
/1/2010 /1/2010 TIME OFF AWARD SCALE The following chart is recommended and should be used unless another time-off award scale has been adopted by the servicing human resources office. TIME OFF SCALE VALUE OF THE EMPLOYEE'S CONTRIBUTION HOURS TO BE AWARDED MODERATE - A contribution to a product, program or service to the public which is of sufficient value to merit formal recognition. Beneficial change or modification of operating principles or procedures. 1 - 10 Hours SUBSTANTIAL - An important contribution to the value of a product, activity, program or service to the public. Significant change or modification or operating principles or procedures. 11 - 20 Hours HIGH - A significant contribution to the value of a product, activity, program or service to
Tough Times for the Muskrats
Tough Times for the Muskrats Tough Times for the Muskrats Nature Bulletin No. 3 February 24, 1945 Forest Preserve District of Cook County Clayton F Smith, President Roberts Mann, Superintendent of Conservation TOUGH TIMES FOR THE MUSKRATS This has been a sorry year for the muskrats. The long drought, last summer and fall, dried up many of the smaller marshes and ponds where they had been living and forced them to migrate overland to new homes. Many undoubtedly were killed while enroute by mink, hawks, or dogs. Even the larger marshes and ponds were made smaller and more shallow by the drought and now this severe winter, with its long, bitter cold, has caused many of them to freeze solid to the very bottom; thus sealing the muskrats up in their lodges and preventing them from swimming around under the ice to get food.
A tine-delay circuit which produces a delay time in d. The circuit a capacitor, an te back resistance, connected serially with the anode of the diode going to ground. At the start of the time delay a negative stepfunction is applied to the series circuit and initiates a half-cycle transient oscillatory voltage terminated by a transient oscillatory voltage of substantially higher frequency. The output of the delay circuit is taken at the junction of the inductor and diode where a sudden voltage rise appears after the initiation of the higher frequency transient oscillations.
Creveling, R.
Time of flight mass spectrometer
A time-of-flight mass spectrometer is described in which ions are desorbed from a sample by nuclear fission fragments, such that desorption occurs at the surface of the sample impinged upon by the fission fragments. This configuration allows for the sample to be of any thickness, and eliminates the need for complicated sample preparation.
Ulbricht, Jr., William H. (Arvada, CO)
The TESLA Time Projection Chamber
A large Time Projection Chamber is proposed as part of the tracking system for a detector at the TESLA electron positron linear collider. Different ongoing R&D studies are reviewed, stressing progress made on a new type readout technique based on Micro-Pattern Gas Detectors.
Nabil Ghodbane
Waste to Energy Time Activities
SEMINAR Waste to Energy Time Activities 9:30-9:40 Brief introduction of participants 9:40-10:10 Presentation of Dr. Kalogirou, "Waste to Energy: An Integral Part of Worldwide Sustainable Waste Management" 10. Sofia Bethanis, "Production of synthetic aggregates for use in structural concrete from waste to energy
Columbia University
Vocal Timing in the Bat
Bats are social organisms that live in large colonies. However, reliance upon echolocation in order to hunt and navigate, means that bats also face pressing acoustic challenges due to overlap with surrounding noise. Bats also possess fine control over the properties of their echolocation pulses. This study's goal was to determine how bats are able to effectively function in large groups despite the interfering noise generated by conspecifics. Mexican free-tailed bats (Tadarida brasiliensis) were exposed to both artificially generated interfering noises and noise generated by conspecifics, and the temporal characteristics of their resulting echolocation calls were analyzed. In addition, bats were given injections of dopaminergic and serotonergic drugs, in an effort to determine which monoamine(s) were capable of altering vocal motor timing and to determine which regions of the brain play a role in regulating the timing of echolocation. I hypothesized that bats would alter the timing of emission of their own echolocation pulses in response to noise, and that drugs affecting the 5HT2A receptor would shift the timing of emission of echolocation pulses. The first part of this dissertation describes a novel temporal alteration behavior that occurs in response to artificially generated intermittent noise, and is characterized by a period of pulse suppression followed by a gradual return to normal call rates. Bats alter the timing of emission of their echolocation pulses to avoid overlap with noise and call within silent periods. The second part of this study investigated whether dopamine or serotonin, or both, could alter the timing of this vocal behavior. The results of this study were inconclusive, although I found some evidence that 5HT2A agonists can produce faster responses. Finally, I show that echolocating bats suppress pulse emission in nearby conspecifics. The resulting decrease in call rate leads to an overall increase in information throughput. This study also demonstrates that bats respond to continuous noise by increasing their call rate, and that the switch between the responses to intermittent noise and continuous noise occurs at a duty cycle of 50% or higher. Overall, this dissertation establishes that bats alter the timing of emission of their echolocation calls in response to noise, and that these mechanisms may be regulated by serotoninergic mechanisms.
Jarvis, Jenna N
General Interest NIST Time and Frequency Publications
... Time and Frequency Users Manual A detailed ... Fundamentals of Time and Frequency An overview of ... Lombardi, The Mechatronics Handbook, 2001. ...
Time-parareal parallel in time integrator solver for time-dependent neutron diffusion equation
-dependent spatial flux distribution in nuclear reactor is required for nuclear safety and design. The motivation present a time-parallel algorithm that simulate the kinetic of neutron2 in a nuclear reactor. We consider engine behavior and in particular its energy4 production.5 The flux distribution on the nuclear reactor
MARCH 2013 MARCH 2013 inside this issue ... FIRP draws to a close Page 2 Reminisce: Y-12 turns 70 Page 4 Russia's secret city Page 5 Development retools its CONOPS Page 6 ... and other Y-12 news Miss an issue? Find us online, http://www.y12.doe.gov/news/times.php MISSION, cont. on pg. 2 The National Nuclear Security Administration's Performance Evaluation Report for B&W Y-12, released Feb. 11, gave "Very Good" ratings to B&W Y-12 in areas related to all three core missions: maintaining the nuclear weapons stockpile, powering the nuclear Navy and nonproliferation. The report evaluates B&W Y-12's performance based on the Performance Evaluation Plan approved at the beginning of fi scal 2012. Programs The Y-12 Times highlighted the success of fi
High resolution time interval meter
Method and apparatus are provided for measuring the time interval between two events to a higher resolution than reliability available from conventional circuits and component. An internal clock pulse is provided at a frequency compatible with conventional component operating frequencies for reliable operation. Lumped constant delay circuits are provided for generating outputs at delay intervals corresponding to the desired high resolution. An initiation START pulse is input to generate first high resolution data. A termination STOP pulse is input to generate second high resolution data. Internal counters count at the low frequency internal clock pulse rate between the START and STOP pulses. The first and second high resolution data are logically combined to directly provide high resolution data to one counter and correct the count in the low resolution counter to obtain a high resolution time interval measurement.
Why Time is Future Oriented
We assume that the universe consists of clusters which in turns have sub-clusters and the sub-clusters have sub-subclusters and so on. Confining to three-dimensional space, it is shown that the universe is expanding if entropy of the universe increases. It is also shown that clocks slow down when time progresses towards future. Our model also justifies the big bang theory.
Shahid N. Afridi; M. Khalid Khan
What do you prefer? Using Preferences to Enhance Learning Technology
-based courses to self-organized home-based learning mak- ing use of on-line material. These courses might target
Olmedilla, Daniel
Real time infrared aerosol analyzer
Apparatus for analyzing aerosols in essentially real time includes a virtual impactor which separates coarse particles from fine and ultrafine particles in an aerosol sample. The coarse and ultrafine particles are captured in PTFE filters, and the fine particles impact onto an internal light reflection element. The composition and quantity of the particles on the PTFE filter and on the internal reflection element are measured by alternately passing infrared light through the filter and the internal light reflection element, and analyzing the light through infrared spectrophotometry to identify the particles in the sample.
Johnson, Stanley A. (Countryside, IL); Reedy, Gerald T. (Bourbonnais, IL); Kumar, Romesh (Naperville, IL)
Global Warming in Geologic Time
The notion is pervasive in the climate science community and in the public at large that the climate impacts of fossil fuel CO2 release will only persist for a few centuries. This conclusion has no basis in theory or models of the atmosphere/ ocean carbon cycle, which we review here. The largest fraction of the CO2 recovery will take place on time scales of centuries, as CO2 invades the ocean, but a significant fraction of the fossil fuel CO2, ranging in published models in the literature from 20-60%, remains airborne for a thousand years or longer. Ultimate recovery takes place on time scales of hundreds of thousands of years, a geologic longevity typically associated in public perceptions with nuclear waste. The glacial/interglacial climate cycles demonstrate that ice sheets and sea level respond dramatically to millennial-timescale changes in climate forcing. There are also potential positive feedbacks in the carbon cycle, including methane hydrates in the ocean, and peat frozen in permafrost, that are most sensitive to the long tail of the fossil fuel CO2 in the atmosphere.
Archer, David (University of Chicago)
Time-Varying z-Transform for the Analysis of Discrete-Time Linear Time Periodic Systems
This article deals with a new representation of linear discrete-time periodic systems. This representation, based on the time-varying z-transform, turns out to be highly efficient in the field of automatic control, when an appropriate choice of ... Keywords: Nyquist criterion, final value theorem, initial value theorem, linear discrete-time periodic systems, time-varying z-transform, time-varying frequency response, time-varying systems
A. Garcia Iturricha; J. Sabatier; A. Oustaloup
Towards Integrated Verification of Timed Transition Models
This paper describes an attempt to combine theorem proving and model-checking to formally verify real-time systems in a discrete time setting. The Timed Automata Modeling Environment (TAME) has been modified to provide a formal model for Time Transition ... Keywords: PVS, Real-time, SAL, equivalence verification, model reduction, model-checking, theorem proving
Mark Lawford; Vera Pantelic; Hong Zhang
Preferred Title (40 pt., black)
... defining the scope of the curriculum?� Page 7. Round 2 - Professionalism ? Mr. Wen Liu: �ITT Technical Institute has curriculums with ...
Implicit learning of semantic preferences
conditioning relies on conscious predictive relationships between events. In psychology, the putative demonstrations of implicit learning so far have predominantly been based on perceptual form-level regularities, e.g. letter sequences. This has led...
Paciorek, Albertyna
SQAS Preferred Practices Final Version
Quality Report SQAS97-001 Quality Report SQAS97-001 Guidelines for Software Measurement April 1997 Software Quality Assurance Subcommittee of the Nuclear Weapons Complex Quality Managers United States Department of Energy Albuquerque Operations Office Abstract This document defines a core set of four software measures that can be used within any software organization to characterize a software project and to improve software project processes and products. The core measures are size, effort, progress to schedule, and defects. These measures support organization requirements for attaining the Software Engineering Institute's Capability Maturity Model Levels 2 and 3. This document also describes actions for establishing a software measurement program, integrating software measurement with software process improvement, and
Probabilistic timing analysis on conventional cache designs
Probabilistic timing analysis (PTA), a promising alternative to traditional worst-case execution time (WCET) analyses, enables pairing time bounds (named probabilistic WCET or pWCET) with an exceedance probability (e.g., 10-16), resulting ...
Leonidas Kosmidis, Charlie Curtsinger, Eduardo Qui�ones, Jaume Abella, Emery Berger, Francisco J. Cazorla
User manual for Timed-CSP Simulator
Timed Csp Simulator is based on the presentation of Timed Csp in [4]. For a brief discussion of the tool architecture see [1, 2]. The semantical questions regarding simulating Timed Csp are discussed in [3].
Hoang Nga Nguyen; Markus Roggenbach
Real time estimation of Bayesian networks
For real time evaluation of a Bayesian network when there is not sufficient time to obtain an exact solution, a guaranteed response time, approximate solution is required. It is shown that non traditional methods utilizing estimators based on an archive ...
Robert L. Welch
Variable residence time vortex combustor
A variable residence time vortex combustor including a primary combustion chamber for containing a combustion vortex, and a plurality of louvres peripherally disposed about the primary combustion chamber and longitudinally distributed along its primary axis. The louvres are inclined to impel air about the primary combustion chamber to cool its interior surfaces and to impel air inwardly to assist in driving the combustion vortex in a first rotational direction and to feed combustion in the primary combustion chamber. The vortex combustor also includes a second combustion chamber having a secondary zone and a narrowed waist region in the primary combustion chamber interconnecting the output of the primary combustion chamber with the secondary zone for passing only lower density particles and trapping higher density particles in the combustion vortex in the primary combustion chamber for substantial combustion.
Melconian, Jerry O. (76 Beaver Rd., Reading, MA 01867)
1. First Time Designer's Guide
Altera provides various tools for development of hardware and software for embedded systems. This handbook complements the primary documentation for these tools by describing how to most effectively use some of these tools. It recommends design styles and practices for developing, debugging, and optimizing embedded systems using Altera-provided tools such as the Software Build Tools for Eclipse and SOPC Builder. The handbook introduces concepts to new users of Altera�s embedded solutions, and helps to increase the design efficiency of the experienced user. This handbook is not a comprehensive reference guide. For general reference and detailed information, refer to the primary documentation cited in this handbook. This first chapter of the handbook contains information about the Altera � embedded development process and procedures for the first time user. The remaining chapters focus on specific aspects of embedded development for Altera FPGAs. This handbook does not provide information about the Qsys system integration tool.
1 1 December 2011 www.y12.doe.gov/news/times.php P.O. Box 2009 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8245 W H A T ' S I N S I D E Page 2 Governance Transformation at Y-12 Page 3 Employees bring benefi ts to life Pages 4 and 5 A healthy start to 2012 Page 6 A visit from Christmas past Page 8 Have a plan - just in case B&W Technical Services Y-12, LLC, a partnership between Babcock & Wilcox Technical Services Group Inc. and Bechtel National Inc., operates the Y-12 National Security Complex. A newsletter for employees and friends of the Y-12 National Security Complex Managing Editors Amy Alley: email@example.com Heidi Spurling: email@example.com Layout Lisa Harris Contributors Mary Bryant Ellen Boatner Ashley Douglas Kathy Fahey Scott Fraker John Holbrook David Keim Terry Marlar Jill McNutt
7 7 July 2010 www.y12.doe.gov/news/times.php P.O. Box 2009 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8245 W H A T ' S I N S I D E Page 2 Want to know about Y-12's budget? Read what Darrel Kohlhorst said. Page 3 Y-12 employees get a LIFE Center Pages 4 and 5 Safeguards, Security and Emergency Services' Sentinel Page 6 Employees raise money for Relay for Life Page 8 Refl ections of Y-12's history B&W Technical Services Y-12, LLC, a partnership between Babcock & Wilcox Technical Services Group Inc. and Bechtel National Inc., operates the Y-12 National Security Complex. A newsletter for employees and friends of the Y-12 National Security Complex Managing Editors Amy Alley: firstname.lastname@example.com Heidi Spurling: firstname.lastname@example.com Layout Lisa Harris Contributors Mary Bryant Cynthia Ensor Ryn Etter
Undergraduate Program Time Limits and Work Schedules
Time Limits and Work Schedules Undergraduate Program Time Limits and Work Schedules Point your career towards LANL: work with the best minds on the planet in an inclusive...
Spatial diversity in passive time reversal communications
Song et al. : Spatial diversity in passive time reversaland J. Ritcey, �Spatial diversity equalization applied toSpatial diversity in passive time reversal communications H.
Time Trends in Dutch Children's Mental Health.
??This study investigated time trends in Dutch children's and adolescent's mental health problems by comparing population samples from different time periods. From 1983 to 2003,� (more)
Tick, N.T.
Nanosecond time resolved thermal emission measurements during...
Nanosecond time resolved thermal emission measurements during pulse excimer laser interaction with materials Title Nanosecond time resolved thermal emission measurements during...
Training Reciprocity Achieves Greater Consistency, Saves Time...
Training Reciprocity Achieves Greater Consistency, Saves Time and Money for Idaho, Other DOE Sites Training Reciprocity Achieves Greater Consistency, Saves Time and Money for...
Preference accommodating and preference shaping : incorporating traveler preferences into transportation planning
This dissertation examines the psychological factors that influence travel behavior such as people's personality traits, environmental attitudes, car pride and perceptions of convenience and comfort. Despite the recognition ...
Zhao, Jinhua, 1977-
Final Report: Assessment of Combined Heat and Power Premium Power Applications in California
Technologies on Microgrid Viability: An Investigation forother benefits to the CHP or microgrid system host site. See
Storage and Reliability on Microgrid Viability: A Study ofother benefits to the CHP or microgrid system host site. Seecapability in a CERTS Microgrid configuration in reference [
and operation of distributed generation, combined heat andcost combination of distributed generation technologies thatdesires to install distributed generation to minimize the
customer�s default electricity tariff, natural gas prices,NetApp electricity prices are based on utility tariffs intariffs during the weekends (as compared to the weekdays) results in the CCP system remaining always off, as purchase of electricity
August 2002. PG&E electricity tariffs. http://www.pge.com/May 2008. PG&E electricity tariffs. http://www.pge.com/customer�s default electricity tariff, natural gas prices,
Economics of shareware: How do uncertainty and piracy affect shareware quality and brand premium?
Increased network speed has opened up new opportunities for developers to distribute their products as shareware through the Internet. This paper analyzes the interrelationships among key issues that are central to the software industry, including uncertainty, ... Keywords: Piracy, Pricing, Shareware economics, Uncertainty, Versioning
Wendy Hui; Byungjoon Yoo; Kar Yan Tam
engine-generators this CHP system generates steam for spaceengine-generators this CHP system generates steam for space
WTI discount to Brent and premium to Bakken both rising in ...
It is likely that concerns regarding oil transportation bottlenecks throughout the central United States and increasing production from shale ...
New Perspectives on Microsoft Office Access 2007, Comprehensive, Premium Video Edition, 1st edition
Market leading text, NEW PERSPECTIVES ON MICRSOFT OFFICE ACCESS 2007 now comes with video! The tutorial videos focus on the most important or difficult concepts and skills, helping you better engage in and retain information. With the text's critical ...
Joseph J. Adamski; Kathy T. Finnegan
Investigations into the Robustness of Sustainable Real Estate Premiums and Commercial Real Estate Econometrics.
??This dissertation consists of three papers, all using CoStar Group, Inc. Commercial Real Estate (CRE) data. The first two papers explore Sustainable Real Estate (Energy� (more)
Robinson, Spenser J
standpoint. Second, absorption/adsorption cooling systemsUse Met by Absorption Chiller Fraction of Cooling End-UseUse Met by Absorption Chiller Fraction of Cooling End-Use
WTI discount to Brent and premium to Bakken both rising in early ...
However, last month the owners of the Seaway pipeline announced the expected reversal of the line would not be completed until June 1, ...
Natural Gas-Only Heating Load Annual Total Energy Demand (Natural Gas-Only Heating Load Annual Total Energy Demand (Natural Gas-Only Heating Load Annual Total Energy Demand (
Price competition in the top US domestic markets : revenues and yield premium
Since 2000 the US airline industry has gone through a severe crisis which initiated important changes in the competitive environment of the industry. The economic downturn, the fierce competition between Legacy carriers, ...
Pyrgiotis, Nikolas
the customer�s end-use load profiles (typically for spacemade in constructing the load profiles for a couple of thesome of the �typical� load profiles input to our economic
The momentum premium under the influence of information uncertainty�evidence from the Chinese stock market.
??From this study, we find that the momentum premia are universally positive and statistically significant across 16 different momentum trading strategies in the Chinese Class� (more)
Wu, Yuan
pdf/E-20.pdf, May 2008. PG&E natural gas tariffs. http://pdf/G-NT.pdf, May 2008. PG&E natural gas tariffs. http://than less expensive natural gas fired reciprocating engine
incentives to install CHP, the least expensive method to power the facility would be to buy all electricity and natural gas
incentives to install CHP the least expensive method to power the facility would be to buy all electricity and natural gas
Reconnecting Money to Inflation: The Role of the External Finance Premium
of monetary policy. The Bank of England also places a less prominent weight on money, not least because ?nancial liberalisation and changing payment technologies have masked the in?ationary signal from growth in observed money aggregates.1 However, at the same...
Chadha, Jagjit S; Corrado, Luisa; Holly, Sean
Secondly, waste heat driven thermal cooling systems are onlyelectricity and thermal energy for cooling and heatingrecovery and cooling technologies, including the thermal-
This report analyzes the current economic and environmental performance of combined heat and power (CHP) systems in power interruption intolerant commercial facilities. Through a series of three case studies, key trade-offs are analyzed with regard to the provision of black-out ridethrough capability with the CHP systems and the resutling ability to avoid the need for at least some diesel backup generator capacity located at the case study sites. Each of the selected sites currently have a CHP or combined heating, cooling, and power (CCHP) system in addition to diesel backup generators. In all cases the CHP/CCHP system have a small fraction of the electrical capacity of the diesel generators. Although none of the selected sites currently have the ability to run the CHP systems as emergency backup power, all could be retrofitted to provide this blackout ride-through capability, and new CHP systems can be installed with this capability. The following three sites/systems were used for this analysis: (1) Sierra Nevada Brewery - Using 1MW of installed Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells operating on a combination of digestor gas (from the beer brewing process) and natural gas, this facility can produce electricty and heat for the brewery and attached bottling plant. The major thermal load on-site is to keep the brewing tanks at appropriate temperatures. (2) NetApp Data Center - Using 1.125 MW of Hess Microgen natural gas fired reciprocating engine-generators, with exhaust gas and jacket water heat recovery attached to over 300 tons of of adsorption chillers, this combined cooling and power system provides electricity and cooling to a data center with a 1,200 kW peak electrical load. (3) Kaiser Permanente Hayward Hospital - With 180kW of Tecogen natural gas fired reciprocating engine-generators this CHP system generates steam for space heating, and hot water for a city hospital. For all sites, similar assumptions are made about the economic and technological constraints of the power generation system. Using the Distributed Energy Resource Customer Adoption Model (DER-CAM) developed at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, we model three representative scenarios and find the optimal operation scheduling, yearly energy cost, and energy technology investments for each scenario below: Scenario 1 - Diesel generators and CHP/CCHP equipment as installed in the current facility. Scenario 1 represents a baseline forced investment in currently installed energy equipment. Scenario 2 - Existing CHP equipment installed with blackout ride-through capability to replace approximately the same capacity of diesel generators. In Scenario 2 the cost of the replaced diesel units is saved, however additional capital cost for the controls and switchgear for blackout ride-through capability is necessary. Scenario 3 - Fully optimized site analysis, allowing DER-CAM to specify the number of diesel and CHP/CCHP units (with blackout ride-through capability) that should be installed ignoring any constraints on backup generation. Scenario 3 allows DER-CAM to optimize scheduling and number of generation units from the currently available technologies at a particular site. The results of this analysis, using real data to model the optimal schedulding of hypothetical and actual CHP systems for a brewery, data center, and hospital, lead to some interesting conclusions. First, facilities with high heating loads will typically prove to be the most appropriate for CHP installation from a purely economic standpoint. Second, absorption/adsorption cooling systems may only be economically feasible if the technology for these chillers can increase above current best system efficiency. At a coefficient of performance (COP) of 0.8, for instance, an adsorption chiller paired with a natural gas generator with waste heat recovery at a facility with large cooling loads, like a data center, will cost no less on a yearly basis than purchasing electricity and natural gas directly from a utility. Third, at marginal additional cost, if the reliability of CHP systems proves to be at
Norwood, Zack; Lipman, Tim; Marnay, Chris; Kammen, Dan
C. Edwards, J. : Distributed Energy Resources CustomerC. Siddiqui, A. : Distributed Energy Resources On-SiteStadler, M. : The Distributed Energy Resources Costumer
compared to adsorption/absorption chiller systems. Expensiveonsite (without absorption chiller offset) Effectiveonsite (includes absorption chiller offset) Heating Load
to adsorption/absorption chiller systems. So, facilitiesabsorption / published in the International Journal of Distributed Energy Resources, vol 6(2),1 Apr-Jun 2010 adsorption chiller);
TY RPRT T1 Exploring California PV Home Premiums A1 Ben Hoen
TY RPRT TY RPRT T1 Wind Technologies Market Report A1 Ryan H Wiser A1 Mark Bolinger ED Galen L Barbose ED Na m Darghouth ED Ben Hoen ED Andrew D Mills ED Samantha Weaver ED Kevin Porter ED Michael Buckley ED Sari Fink ED Frank Oteri ED Suzanne Tegen U2 LBNL E TY RPRT T1 A Spatial Hedonic Analysis of the Effects of Wind Energy Facilities on Surrounding Property Values in the United States A1 Ben Hoen A1 Jason P Brown A1 Thomas Jackson A1 Ryan H Wiser A1 Mark Thayer A1 Peter Cappers AB p Previous research on the effects of wind energy facilities on surrounding home values has been limited by small samples of relevant home sale data and the inability to account adequately for confounding home value factors and spatial dependence in the data This study helps
March 2009 Y-12 Times
3 3 March 2009 www.y12.doe.gov/news/times.php P.O. Box 2009 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8245 Managing Editors Amy Alley: firstname.lastname@example.com Heidi Spurling: email@example.com Layout/Design Lisa Harris Contributors Ellen Boatner Ken Davis Kathy Fahey Vicki Hinkel Jamie Loveday Mary Murray W H A T ' S I N S I D E W H A T ' S I N S I D E Page 2 Page 2 New UPF room is out of sight Page 3 Page 3 Training simulates terrorist attack, prepares fi rst responders Page 3 Page 3 Tanker cars on the right track Page 5 Page 5 Third-generation employee follows his father's sage advice Page 7 Page 7 Car enthusiasts go into overdrive Brett Pate Ray Smith Donna Watson Mona Wright Lisa Xiques B&W Technical Services Y-12, LLC, a partnership between Babcock & Wilcox Technical Services Group Inc. and Bechtel National Inc., operates the
A review on time series data mining
Time series is an important class of temporal data objects and it can be easily obtained from scientific and financial applications. A time series is a collection of observations made chronologically. The nature of time series data includes: large in ... Keywords: Representation, Segmentation, Similarity measure, Time series data mining, Visualization
Tak-chung Fu
Timed CSP: A Retrospective Joel Ouaknine 1
APC 2005 Timed CSP: A Retrospective Jo¨el Ouaknine 1 Oxford University Computing Laboratory, UK Timed CSP, from its inception nearly twenty years ago to very recent semantical and algorithmic developments. Key words: Process algebra, Timed CSP. Timed CSP was first proposed in 1986 by Reed and Roscoe
Schneider, Steve
Real-Time Airborne Particle Analyzer
Geology, biology, and environmental science HAZMAT Weapons inspection : Real-time method for measuring elemental composition
Time Constant Estimates for Radiosonde Temperature Sensors
To correct time lag errors in radiosonde temperatures the sensor time constant has to be known. Time constants are not published for some widely used sensors and, in some cases, available time constants disagree. This study focuses on ML-405, ML-...
Marcel E. Tschudin; Steven R. Schroeder
Multiple output timing and trigger generator
In support of the development of a multiple stage pulse modulator at the Los Alamos National Laboratory, we have developed a first generation, multiple output timing and trigger generator. Exploiting Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) Micro Controller Units (MCU's), the timing and trigger generator provides 32 independent outputs with a timing resolution of about 500 ns. The timing and trigger generator system is comprised of two MCU boards and a single PC. One of the MCU boards performs the functions of the timing and signal generation (the timing controller) while the second MCU board accepts commands from the PC and provides the timing instructions to the timing controller. The PC provides the user interface for adjusting the on and off timing for each of the output signals. This system provides 32 output or timing signals which can be pre-programmed to be in an on or off state for each of 64 time steps. The width or duration of each of the 64 time steps is programmable from 2 {micro}s to 2.5 ms with a minimum time resolution of 500 ns. The repetition rate of the programmed pulse train is only limited by the time duration of the programmed event. This paper describes the design and function of the timing and trigger generator system and software including test results and measurements.
Wheat, Robert M. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Dale, Gregory E [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Optimal experiment design for time-lapse traveltime tomography
Geophysical monitoring techniques offer the only noninvasive approach capable of assessing both the spatial and temporal dynamics of subsurface fluid processes. Increasingly, permanent sensor arrays in boreholes and on the ocean floor are being deployed to improve the repeatability and increase the temporal sampling of monitoring surveys. Because permanent arrays require a large up-front capital investment and are difficult (or impossible) to re-configure once installed, a premium is placed on selecting a geometry capable of imaging the desired target at minimum cost. We present a simple approach to optimizing downhole sensor configurations for monitoring experiments making use of differential seismic traveltimes. In our case, we use a design quality metric based on the accuracy of tomographic reconstructions for a suite of imaging targets. By not requiring an explicit singular value decomposition of the forward operator, evaluation of this objective function scales to problems with a large number of unknowns. We also restrict the design problem by recasting the array geometry into a low dimensional form more suitable for optimization at a reasonable computational cost. We test two search algorithms on the design problem: the Nelder-Mead downhill simplex method and the Multilevel Coordinate Search algorithm. The algorithm is tested for four crosswell acquisition scenarios relevant to continuous seismic monitoring, a two parameter array optimization, several scenarios involving four parameter length/offset optimizations, and a comparison of optimal multi-source designs. In the last case, we also examine trade-offs between source sparsity and the quality of tomographic reconstructions. One general observation is that asymmetric array lengths improve localized image quality in crosswell experiments with a small number of sources and a large number of receivers. Preliminary results also suggest that high-quality differential images can be generated using only a small number of optimally positioned sources.
Ajo-Franklin, J.B.
Experimental and Theoretical Evidence of Basic Site Preference in Polyfunctional Superbasic Amidinazine: N-1,N-1-Dimethyl-N-2-beta-(2-pyridylethyl)formamidine
The gas-phase basicity (GB) of the flexible polyfunctional N1,N1-dimethyl-N2-a-(2-pyridylethyl)-formamidine (1) containing two potential basic sites (the ring N-aza and the chain N-imino) is obtained from proton-transfer equilibrium constant measurements, using Fourier-transform ioncyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Comparison of the experimental GB obtained for 1 with those reported for model amidines and azines indicates that the chain N-imino in the amidine group is the favored site of protonation. Semiempirical (AM1) and ab initio calculations (HF, MP2, and DFT), performed for 1 and its protonated forms, confirm this interpretation. These results are in contrast to those found previously for N1,N1-dimethyl-N2-azinylformamidines (containing the amidine function directly linked to the azinyl ring), in which the ring N-aza is the most basic site in the gas phase. The separation of the two potential basic sites in 1 by the ethylene chain interrupts the resonance conjugation between the two functions and changes their relative basicities and, thus, the preferable site of protonation. It also increases the chelation effect against the proton and the gas-phase basicity of 1 in such a magnitude that consequently 1 may be classified as a superbase (GB 241.1 kcal mol-1). A transition state corresponding to the internal transfer of the proton (ITP) between the ring N-aza and the chain N-imino in 1 is investigated at the DFT(B3LYP)/6-31G** level. The energy barrier calculated for the ITP between the two basic sites is small and vanishes when zero-point vibrational terms and thermal corrections are applied to obtain the enthalpy or Gibbs energy of activation for the proton transfer. Additional calculations at the DFT-(MPW1K)/6-31G** level confirm this behavior. This indicates that the quantum-chemical ITP in 1 has a single-well character. The proton is located on the N-imino site, and the H-bond is formed
Raczynska, Ewa D.; Darowska, Malgorzata; Dabkowska, Iwona; Decouzon, Michele; Gal, Jean-Francois; Maria, Pierre-Charles; Poliart, Christine D.
Use of an auditory signal in a rear-end collision warning system: effects on braking force and reaction time
This simulator experiment is a preliminary study examining the effects of different auditory signals on braking force and reaction time in a rear-end collision warning system. A driving simulator was built in which subjects operated a computer driving game. Superimposed on the game screen was the image of a car which appeared to the driver to be ahead of him/her. The image enlarged in size, appearing to be a car applying its brakes. The participant was instructed to react as he would in a real driving situation by applying his/her brakes. Closing velocities of 10 miles per hour and 30 miles per hour were used. Braking times and forces were measured for four different warning sounds: 1) no warning; 2) a pulsed warning sound that increased in repetition rate; 3) a sound that increased in frequency; and, 4) a sound that increased in intensity. Results suggested that an auditory warning signal would decrease reaction time and increase maximum braking force applied. The sound that increased in frequency and the sound that increased in intensity provided the greatest savings in reaction time, approximately one quarter second, when compared to the no warning condition. The pulsed warning sound provided the greatest increase in braking force. Participants preferred the pulsed sound over the other warning sounds. Further research must be done to determine if the warning sounds decrease the reaction time enough to cause a significant reduction in accidents.
Hopkins, Jennifer Susan
Time-of-flight radio location system
A bi-static radar configuration measures the direct time-of-flight of a transmitted RF pulse and is capable of measuring this time-of-flight with a jitter on the order of about one pico-second, or about 0.01 inch of free space distance for an electromagnetic pulse over a range of about one to ten feet. A transmitter transmits a sequence of electromagnetic pulses in response to a transmit timing signal, and a receiver samples the sequence of electromagnetic pulses with controlled timing in response to a receive timing signal, and generates a sample signal in response to the samples. A timing circuit supplies the transmit timing signal to the transmitter and supplies the receive timing signal to the receiver. The receive timing signal causes the receiver to sample the sequence of electromagnetic pulses such that the time between transmission of pulses in the sequence and sampling by the receiver sweeps over a range of delays. The receive timing signal sweeps over the range of delays in a sweep cycle such that pulses in the sequence are sampled at the pulse repetition rate, and with different delays in the range of delays to produce a sample signal representing magnitude of a received pulse in equivalent time. Automatic gain control circuitry in the receiver controls the magnitude of the equivalent time sample signal. A signal processor analyzes the sample signal to indicate the time-of-flight of the electromagnetic pulses in the sequence.
McEwan, Thomas E. (Livermore, CA)
A bi-static radar configuration measures the direct time-of-flight of a transmitted RF pulse and is capable of measuring this time-of-flight with a jitter on the order of about one pico-second, or about 0.01 inch of free space distance for an electromagnetic pulse over a range of about one to ten feet. A transmitter transmits a sequence of electromagnetic pulses in response to a transmit timing signal, and a receiver samples the sequence of electromagnetic pulses with controlled timing in response to a receive timing signal, and generates a sample signal in response to the samples. A timing circuit supplies the transmit timing signal to the transmitter and supplies the receive timing signal to the receiver. The receive timing signal causes the receiver to sample the sequence of electromagnetic pulses such that the time between transmission of pulses in the sequence and sampling by the receiver sweeps over a range of delays. The receive timing signal sweeps over the range of delays in a sweep cycle such that pulses in the sequence are sampled at the pulse repetition rate, and with different delays in the range of delays to produce a sample signal representing magnitude of a received pulse in equivalent time. Automatic gain control circuitry in the receiver controls the magnitude of the equivalent time sample signal. A signal processor analyzes the sample signal to indicate the time-of-flight of the electromagnetic pulses in the sequence. 7 figs.
McEwan, T.E.
Modeling data with multiple time dimensions
A large class of problems in time series analysis can be represented by a set of overlapping time series with different starting times. These time series may be treated as different probes of the same underlying process. Such probes may follow a characteristic ... Keywords: Dendrochronology, Douglas fir, Dual-time dynamics, El Malpais, Generalized additive models, Global climate change, Non-linear dynamics, Non-linear modeling, Pinon pine, Ponderosa pine, Portfolio forecasting, Retail lending, SETI@home, Scenario-based forecasting, Search for extraterrestrial intelligence, Time series, Tree rings
Joseph L. Breeden
Apply for Beam Time | Advanced Photon Source
Apply for Beam Time Apply for Beam Time NEXT PROPOSAL DEADLINE: March 7, 2014 @ 11:59 PM (Chicago time) Submit Proposal » SEE ALSO: Calendar: deadlines, run & review dates Help Page: frequently asked questions, tips for success, common errors, blank forms, instructions Review Criteria Sectors Directory: check CAT websites for info about managed beam time The Run 2014-2 proposal submission deadline is 11:59 p.m. (Chicago time) March 7, 2014. The system will open to accept proposals beginning December 20, 2013. NEW USERS: to avoid delays and to make the most of your time on site, read Become a User. You must register as a user and receive a badge number before submitting a proposal. About the Beam Time Request Process All beam time at the APS must be requested each cycle through the web-based
Climatological Time Series with Periodic Correlation
Many climatological time series display a periodic correlation structure. This paper examines three issues encountered when analyzing such time series: detection of periodic correlation, modeling periodic correlation, and trend estimation under ...
Robert Lund; Harry Hurd; Peter Bloomfield; Richard Smith
Statistical Timing Analysis using Levelized Covariance Propagation
Variability in process parameters is making accurate timing analysis of nano-scale integrated circuits an extremely challenging task. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for statistical timing analysis using Levelized Covariance Propagation (LCP). ...
Kunhyuk Kang; Bipul C. Paul; Kaushik Roy
Space does not exist, so time can
It is often said that in general relativity time does not exist. This is because the Einstein equations generate motion in time that is a symmetry of the theory, not true time evolution. In quantum gravity, the timelessness of general relativity clashes with time in quantum theory and leads to the ``problem of time'' which, in its various forms, is the main obstacle to a successful quantum theory of gravity. I argue that the problem of time is a paradox, stemming from an unstated faulty premise. Our faulty assumption is that space is real. I propose that what does not fundamentally exist is not time but space, geometry and gravity. The quantum theory of gravity will be spaceless, not timeless. If we are willing to throw out space, we can keep time and the trade is worth it.
Fotini Markopoulou
Graduate Program Time Limits and Work Schedules
Time Limits and Work Schedules Graduate Program Time Limits and Work Schedules Point your career towards LANL: work with the best minds on the planet in an inclusive environment...
Phoenix: an epidemic approach to time reconstruction
Harsh deployment environments and uncertain run-time conditions create numerous challenges for postmortem time reconstruction methods. For example, motes often reboot and thus lose their clock state, considering that the majority of mote platforms lack ...
Jayant Gupchup; Douglas Carlson; R?zvan Mus?loiu-E.; Alex Szalay; Andreas Terzis
Statistical characterization of library timing performance
With the scaling of technology, the variability of timing performances of digital circuits is increasing. In this paper, we propose a first order analytical modeling of the standard deviations of basic CMOS cell timings. The proposed model is then used ...
V. Migairou; R. Wilson; S. Engels; N. Azemard; P. Maurine
Precision Timing for Smart Grid Systems
... how new features and requirements for time synchronization can impact the performance of next-generation power distribution applications. ...
Scalable Time Warp on Blue Gene Supercomputers
n this paper we illustrate scalable parallel performance for the TimeWarp synchronization protocol on the L and P variants of the IBM BlueGene supercomputer. Scalable Time Warp performance for models that communicate a large percentage of the event population ... Keywords: Time Warp, Blue Gene Supercomputer
David W. Bauer Jr.; Christopher D. Carothers; Akintayo Holder
Author's personal copy The time dependent vehicle routing problem with time windows
Author's personal copy The time dependent vehicle routing problem with time windows: Benchmark routing problems with hard or soft time windows without any alteration in its structure is presented of congested urban settings are proposed. Solution quality, time window pertur- bations, and computational time
Bertini, Robert L.
A bi-static radar configuration measures the direct time-of-flight of a transmitted RF pulse and is capable of measuring this time-of-flight with a jitter on the order of about one pico-second, or about 0.01 inch of free space distance for an electromagnetic pulse over a range of about one to ten feet. A transmitter transmits a sequence of electromagnetic pulses in response to a transmit timing signal, and a receiver samples the sequence of electromagnetic pulses with controlled timing in response to a receive timing signal, and generates a sample signal in response to the samples. A timing circuit supplies the transmit timing signal to the transmitter and supplies the receive timing signal to the receiver. The receive timing signal causes the receiver to sample the sequence of electromagnetic pulses such that the time between transmission of pulses in the sequence and sampling by the receiver sweeps over a range of delays. The receive timing signal sweeps over the range of delays in a sweep cycle such that pulses in the sequence are sampled at the pulse repetition rate, and with different delays in the range of delays to produce a sample signal representing magnitude of a received pulse in equivalent time. Automatic gain control circuitry in the receiver controls the magnitude of the equivalent time sample signal. A signal processor analyzes the sample signal to indicate the time-of-flight of the electromagnetic pulses in the sequence. The sample signal in equivalent time is passed through an envelope detection circuit, formed of an absolute value circuit followed by a low pass filter, to convert the sample signal to a unipolar signal to eliminate effects of antenna misorientation.
A bi-static radar configuration measures the direct time-of-flight of a transmitted RF pulse and is capable of measuring this time-of-flight with a jitter on the order of about one pico-second, or about 0.01 inch of free space distance for an electromagnetic pulse over a range of about one to ten feet. A transmitter transmits a sequence of electromagnetic pulses in response to a transmit timing signal, and a receiver samples the sequence of electromagnetic pulses with controlled timing in response to a receive timing signal, and generates a sample signal in response to the samples. A timing circuit supplies the transmit timing signal to the transmitter and supplies the receive timing signal to the receiver. The receive timing signal causes the receiver to sample the sequence of electromagnetic pulses such that the time between transmission of pulses in the sequence and sampling by the receiver sweeps over a range of delays. The receive timing signal sweeps over the range of delays in a sweep cycle such that pulses in the sequence are sampled at the pulse repetition rate, and with different delays in the range of delays to produce a sample signal representing magnitude of a received pulse in equivalent time. Automatic gain control circuitry in the receiver controls the magnitude of the equivalent time sample signal. A signal processor analyzes the sample signal to indicate the time-of-flight of the electromagnetic pulses in the sequence. The sample signal in equivalent time is passed through an envelope detection circuit, formed of an absolute value circuit followed by a low pass filter, to convert the sample signal to a unipolar signal to eliminate effects of antenna misorientation. 8 figs.
High-Level Real-Time Concurrency
The primary goal of all real-time systems is predictability. Achieving this goal requires all levels of the system to be well de ned and have a xed worst-case execution time. These needs have resulted in the creation of overly restrictive commercial real-time systems providing only ad-hoc scheduling facilities and basic concurrent functionality. Ad-hoc scheduling makes developing, verifying, and maintaining a real-time system extremely dicult and time consuming. Basic concurrent functionality forces programmers to develop complex concurrent programs without the aid of high-level concurrency features.
Ashif S. Harji; C Ashif S. Harji
Time-Energy Measure for Quantum Processes
Quantum mechanics sets limits on how fast quantum processes can run given some system energy through time-energy uncertainty relations, and they imply that time and energy are tradeoff against each other. Thus, we propose to measure the time-energy as a single unit for quantum channels. We consider a time-energy measure for quantum channels and compute lower and upper bounds of it using the channel Kraus operators. For a special class of channels (which includes the depolarizing channel), we can obtain the exact value of the time-energy measure. One consequence of our result is that erasing quantum information requires $\\sqrt{(n+1)/n}$ times more time-energy resource than erasing classical information, where $n$ is the system dimension.
Chi-Hang Fred Fung; H. F. Chau
Average Predictability Time. Part II: Seamless Diagnoses of Predictability on Multiple Time Scales
This paper proposes a new method for diagnosing predictability on multiple time scales without time averaging. The method finds components that maximize the average predictability time (APT) of a system, where APT is defined as the integral of ...
Timothy DelSole; Michael K. Tippett
Ghana's regional development in economics, education and natural resources, with a case study on customers' preferences for household water treatment & safe storage products
Ghana is one of the few countries that was re-classified from low-income country to low-middle income country in 2011 by the World Bank (World Bank, 2011a). At the same time, Ghana is still in the process of achieving the ...
Qiu, Weini
JAVA & Parallelism/Real-time systems
Windowing Toolkit (AWT) in a memory-efficient way. JAVA Application Environment (JAE) Support enables the same applets and applications to run on other servers or platforms running the JAVA Virtual Machine. CHAPTER 2 Embedded and Real-Time JAVA According to the designers at Sun Microsystems, is JAVA also suitable for Embedded or Real-Time systems. Before proceeding further it is worth trying to define the phrase `real-time system' more precisely. 2.1 Definition of a real-time system There are many interpretations of the exact nature of a real-time system; however, they all have in common the notion of response time, the time taken for the system to generate output from some associated input. The Oxford Dictionary of Computing [48] gives the following definition of a real-time system. A real-time system is... Any system in which the time at which output is produced is significant. This is usually because the input corresponds to some movement in the physical world, and the output ha...
D. F. Nooren
Runtime Monitoring of Timing Constraints in Distributed Real-Time Systems
. Embedded real-time systems often operate under strict timing and dependability constraints. To ensure responsiveness, these systems must be able to provide the expected services in a timely manner even in the presence of faults. In this paper, we describe a run-time environment for monitoring of timing constraints in distributed real-time systems. In particular, we focus on the problem of detecting violations of timing assertions in an environment in which the real-time tasks run on multiple processors, and timing constraints can be either inter-processor or intra-processor constraints. Constraint violations are detected at the earliest possible time by deriving and checking intermediate constraints from the user-specified constraints. If the violations must be detected as early as possible, then the problem of minimizing the number of messages to be exchanged between the processors becomes intractable. We characterize a sub-class of timing constraints that occur commonly in distribu...
Farnam Jahanian; Ragunathan Rajkumar; Sitaram C. V. Raju
Property:Event/Time | Open Energy Information
Time Time Jump to: navigation, search Property Name Event/Time Property Type String Description The time an event occurs. For events which span an entire day, please use 'All Day'. When entering a specific time, please be sure to include the timezone information, for example: '2:45 PM MDT' or '10:00 AM GST'. Pages using the property "Event/Time" Showing 25 pages using this property. (previous 25) (next 25) A April Fool's Day + All Day + B Blane Harvey co-facilitating a session on use of climate decision making tools with CARE and Tearfund + 13:00-14:00 + Blane Harvey facilitating a lunchtime session on Indigenous Knowledge and Adaptation + 13:00-14:00 + Blane Harvey facilitating a lunchtime session on knowledge platforms and online communities of practice + 13:00-14:00 +
Tests of timing properties of silicon photomultipliers
Timing measurements of Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPM) [1] and [2] at the picosecond level were performed at Fermilab. The core timing resolution of the electronic measurement technique is approximately 2 ps. The single photoelectron time resolution (SPTR) was measured for the signals coming from the SiPM's. A SPTR of about one hundred picoseconds was obtained for SiPM's illuminated by laser pulses. The dependence of the SPTR on applied bias voltage and on the wavelength of the light was measured. A simple model is proposed to explain the difference in the SPTR for blue and red light. A time of flight system based on the SiPM's, with quartz Cherenkov radiators, was tested in a proton beam at Fermilab. The time resolution obtained is 35 ps per SiPM. Finally, requirements for the SiPM's temperature and bias voltage stability to maintain the time resolution are discussed.
Ronzhin, A.; Albrow, M.; /Fermilab; Byrum, K.; /Argonne; Demarteau, M.; Los, S.; /Fermilab; May, E.; /Argonne; Ramberg, A.; /Fermilab; Va'vra, J.; /SLAC; Zatserklyaniy, A.; /Puerto Rico U., Mayaguez
Time and Tide Wait for No Diagram
Time plays an important role in some application domains, and can be quite difficult to deal with in diagrams. This is not only true for temporal uncertainty, but also for periodic events. We compare nine different representations that include a notion of time or that are mainly used for temporal information: Time Lines/LifeLines, AsbruView, Gantt- and PERT-Charts, Shinkansen timetables, Temporal Objects, Sets of Possible Occurrences (SOPOs), the Time Cube and Concentric Circles. Features of the different methods are presented and compared to other representations. This paper is meant to help the designer of a diagram or visualization who has to deal with time get an overview over different design ideas, and maybe get an inspiration for their own ideas. Keywords Information Visualization, Time in Problem Solving Methods, Knowledge Acquisition, Knowledge Engineering and Modeling Methodologies
Robert Kosara; Peter Messner; Silvia Miksch
Time dependence of liquid-helium fluorescence
The time dependence of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) fluorescence following an ionizing radiation event in liquid helium is observed and studied in the temperature range from 250 mK to 1.8 K. The fluorescence exhibits significant structure including a short ({approx}10 ns) strong initial pulse followed by single photons whose emission rate decays exponentially with a 1.6-{mu}s time constant. At an even longer time scale, the emission rate varies as '1/time' (inversely proportional to the time after the initial pulse). The intensity of the '1/time' component from {beta} particles is significantly weaker than those from {alpha} particles or neutron capture on {sup 3}He. It is also found that for {alpha} particles, the intensity of this component depends on the temperature of the superfluid helium. Proposed models describing the observed fluorescence are discussed.
McKinsey, D.N.; Brome, C.R.; Dzhosyuk, S.N.; Mattoni, C.E.H.; Yang, L.; Doyle, J.M. [Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 (United States); Golub, R.; Habicht, K.; Korobkina, E. [Hahn-Meitner Institut, Berlin-Wannsee (Germany); Huffman, P.R.; Thompson, A.K. [National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899 (United States); Lamoreaux, S.K. [Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544 (United States)
Statistical criteria for characterizing irradiance time series.
We propose and examine several statistical criteria for characterizing time series of solar irradiance. Time series of irradiance are used in analyses that seek to quantify the performance of photovoltaic (PV) power systems over time. Time series of irradiance are either measured or are simulated using models. Simulations of irradiance are often calibrated to or generated from statistics for observed irradiance and simulations are validated by comparing the simulation output to the observed irradiance. Criteria used in this comparison should derive from the context of the analyses in which the simulated irradiance is to be used. We examine three statistics that characterize time series and their use as criteria for comparing time series. We demonstrate these statistics using observed irradiance data recorded in August 2007 in Las Vegas, Nevada, and in June 2009 in Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Stein, Joshua S.; Ellis, Abraham; Hansen, Clifford W.
Reactor control rod timing system. [LMFBR
A fluid driven jet-edge whistle timing system is described for control rods of a nuclear reactor for producing real-time detection of the timing of each control rod in its scram operation. An important parameter in reactor safety, particularly for liquid metal fast breeder reactors (LMFBR), is the time deviation between the time the control rod is released and the time the rod actually reaches the down position. The whistle has a nearly pure tone signal with center frequency (above 100 kHz) far above the frequency band in which the energy of the background noise is concentrated. Each control rod can be fitted with a whistle with a different frequency so that there is no ambiguity in differentiating the signal from each control rod.
Wu, P.T.K.
Time-parallel multiscale/multiphysics framework
We introduce the time-parallel compound wavelet matrix method (tpCWM) for modeling the temporal evolution of multiscale and multiphysics systems. The method couples time parallel (TP) and CWM methods operating at different spatial and temporal scales. ... Keywords: 02.00.00, 02.10.Jf, 05.10.-a, 46.15.-x, 47.70.Fw, Parallel-in-time, Wavelet-based multiscaling
G. Frantziskonis; K. Muralidharan; P. Deymier; S. Simunovic; P. Nukala; S. Pannala
Bell's Jump Process in Discrete Time
The jump process introduced by J. S. Bell in 1986, for defining a quantum field theory without observers, presupposes that space is discrete whereas time is continuous. In this letter, our interest is to find an analogous process in discrete time. We argue that a genuine analog does not exist, but provide examples of processes in discrete time that could be used as a replacement.
Jonathan Barrett; Matthew Leifer; Roderich Tumulka
NIST Time and Frequency Division 1993 - Technical ...
... can be reached with commercial red diode ... the time scale when building and remodelling ... American Geophysical Union meeting in San Francisco. ...
Commuting time geometry of ergodic Markov chains
We show how to map the states of an ergodic Markov chain to Euclidean space so that the squared distance between states is the expected commuting time. We find a minimax characterization of commuting times, and from this we get monotonicity of commuting times with respect to equilibrium transition rates. All of these results are familiar in the case of time-reversible chains, where techniques of classical electrical theory apply. In presenting these results, we take the opportunity to develop Markov chain theory in a `conformally correct' way
Doyle, Peter G
Meykhana - The poetics of time and space.
??Right before the rhythmic, improvisational and poetic genre called meykhana was forbidden to practice in Soviet Azerbaijan, it bloomed for a short time in the� (more)
Zakariyya, Zulaim
Sponsors : Daylighting The New York Times Building
researchindex.html In-kind cost-share The New York Times Company Advance Transformer Co. Lutron Electronics, Inc. MechoShade Systems, Inc. Siemens Building...
Special education teachers' personal time and money.
??Because of state and federal budget deficits. teachers are using thcir own time and rnoney to meet student nceds. This research seeks to determine the� (more)
Tewalt, Brandon
Real Time Grid Reliability Management 2005
Environmental Research Energy Systems Integration Real Time2) integration with CA ISO energy management system (EMS);2) integration with CA ISO energy management system (EMS);
Eto, Joe
NIST Time and Frequency Division History
... of accurate measurements of mean solar time (from ... needs of the broadcast industry, NIST initiated ... Concurrent with the development of more recent ...
Multiplicative cascades and seismicity in natural time
Natural time chi enables the distinction of two origins of self-similarity, i.e., the process memory and the process increments infinite variance. Employing multiplicative cascades in natural time, the most probable value of the variance kappa{sub 1}(ident to-{sup 2}) is explicitly related with the parameter b of the Gutenberg-Richter law of randomly shuffled earthquake data. Moreover, the existence of temporal and magnitude correlations is studied in the original earthquake data. Magnitude correlations are larger for closer in time earthquakes, when the maximum interoccurrence time varies from half a day to 1 min.
Sarlis, N. V.; Skordas, E. S.; Varotsos, P. A. [Department of Physics, Solid State Section and Solid Earth Physics Institute, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografos, 157 84 Athens (Greece)
Four Time Periods - Energy Information Administration
... we will be seeing a downward trend in differentials as time moves on. We expect the recent upturn in the light-heavy differentials to be ...
Publishers of Time and Frequency Software
... 1 Ace Software, X, Windows. Acrovista, X, Windows. Apple Computer, X, Macintosh. Atom Time, X, Windows. Beagle Software, X, X, Windows. ...
Time synchronization for underwater acoustic sensor networks.
??The unique properties of underwater acoustic communications, such as large and time-varying propagation, low and range dependent bandwidth, and adverse operating environment make the synchronization� (more)
Khandoker, Tarik-Ul Islam
A misuse of time and energy .
??In this exegesis, A Misuse of Time and Energy, I set out a contextual framework for my practice-based sculptural project. I consider two flawed and� (more)
Blackburn, Nikolas Alexander
'Dead Time' Limits Quantum Cryptography Speeds
... Not only does dead time limit the transmission rate of a message ... effects and paralyzability in high-speed quantum key distribution, New Journal of ...
Time Series Prediction Forecasting the Future and ...
Time Series Prediction Forecasting the Future and Understanding the Past Santa Fe Institute Proceedings on the Studies in the Sciences of ...
NIST Time Measurement and Analysis Service (TMAS)
... Analysis Service (TMAS) was designed to assist ... and calibrated time measurement system which includes ... easy-to-read instruction manual makes ...
SIM Time and Frequency Working Group
... SIM Time and Frequency Metrology Course at INTI. Buenos Aires, Argentina (February 4th through February 7th, 2008). Schedule in PDF format. ...
... file). Schedule and Slides from Time and Frequency Metrology Course in Buenos Aires, Argentina (2/4/08 to 02/07/08). Schedule ...
Time fractional development of quantum systems
In this study, the effect of time fractionalization on the development of quantum systems is taken under consideration by making use of fractional calculus. In this context, a Mittag-Leffler function is introduced as an important mathematical tool in the generalization of the evolution operator. In order to investigate the time fractional evolution of the quantum (nano) systems, time fractional forms of motion are obtained for a Schroedinger equation and a Heisenberg equation. As an application of the concomitant formalism, the wave functions, energy eigenvalues, and probability densities of the potential well and harmonic oscillator are time fractionally obtained via the fractional derivative order {alpha}, which is a measure of the fractality of time. In the case {alpha}=1, where time becomes homogenous and continuous, traditional physical conclusions are recovered. Since energy and time are conjugate to each other, the fractional derivative order {alpha} is relevant to time. It is understood that the fractionalization of time gives rise to energy fluctuations of the quantum (nano) systems.
Ertik, Hueseyin; Demirhan, Dogan; Sirin, Hueseyin; Bueyuekkilic, Fevzi [Department of Physics, Science Faculty, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100 (Turkey)
Construction Timing and Expectations | Department of Energy
Construction Timing and Expectations Construction Timing and Expectations Construction Timing and Expectations October 16, 2013 - 5:07pm Addthis Creating a detailed construction schedule that allows all the project elements to be coordinated in a timely manner is fundamental to any successful construction project. The construction schedule should take into account that many tasks cannot be started before others are finished. It should also account for special schedule considerations related to renewable energy systems. Key elements of most new construction or major renovation projects include landscape, structural, architectural, mechanical, electrical, plumbing, communication systems, and renewable energy systems. Maintaining the highest quality of construction across all elements is fundamental to any
Nordic Journal of Computing 10(2003), 135. TIMED CSP = CLOSED TIMED -AUTOMATA
Nordic Journal of Computing 10(2003), 135. TIMED CSP = CLOSED TIMED -AUTOMATA JO¨EL OUAKNINE CSP which significantly increase expressiveness. As a result, we are able to capture some of the most of the finite-state fragment of this augmented version of Timed CSP as that of closed timed -automata
Ouaknine, Joël
Nordic Journal of Computing 10(2003), 1--35. TIMED CSP = CLOSED TIMED #AUTOMATA
Nordic Journal of Computing 10(2003), 1--35. TIMED CSP = CLOSED TIMED #AUTOMATA JO �? EL OUAKNINE CSP which significantly increase expressiveness. As a result, we are able to capture some of the most of the finitestate fragment of this augmented version of Timed CSP as that of closed timed #automata
Continuous-time nonlinear model predictive control of time-delayed Wiener-type systems
This paper deals with a novel method of continuous-time model predictive control for nonlinear time-delayed systems. The problems regarding time delays are solved by incorporating delayed and undelayed model outputs in the control-law derivation. Nonlinear-mapping ... Keywords: Wiener-type model, continuous system, nonlinear predictive control, time-delayed system
Simon Oblak; Igor �krjanc
Real-time var control by SCADA
This paper outlines the operation and advantages of the SCADA capacitor control called CAPCON, developed by the Virginia Electric and Power Company (Virginia Power). CAPCON is used to control vars system-wide by switching substation capacitor banks based on real-time var and voltage data instead of the traditional time clock method.
Girotti, T.B.; Tweed, N.B.; Houser, N.R. (Virginia Power Co., Richmond, VA (USA))
Practical reporting times for environmental samples
Preanalytical holding times for environmental samples are specified because chemical and physical characteristics may change between sampling and chemical analysis. For example, the Federal Register prescribes a preanalytical holding time of 14 days for volatile organic compounds in soil stored at 4{degrees}C. The American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) uses a more technical definition that the preanalytical holding time is the day when the analyte concentration for an environmental sample falls below the lower 99% confidence interval on the analyte concentration at day zero. This study reviews various holding time definitions and suggest a new preanalytical holding time approach using acceptable error rates for measuring an environmental analyte. This practical reporting time (PRT) approach has been applied to nineteen volatile organic compounds and four explosives in three environmental soil samples. A PRT nomograph of error rates has been developed to estimate the consequences of missing a preanalytical holding time. This nomograph can be applied to a large class of analytes with concentrations that decay linearly or exponentially with time regardless of sample matrices and storage conditions.
Bayne, C.K.; Schmoyer, D.D.; Jenkins, R.A.
Predicting time series with advanced hybrid systems
Autogressive moving average (ARMA) has been widely used to model processes that generate linear time-series. Recent research activities in forecasting with artificial neutral networks (ANNs) suggest that ANNs can be a promising alternative to the traditional ... Keywords: ARMA models, fuzzy system, hybrid system, neutral networks, time series
O. Valenzuela; I. Rojas; F. Rojas; H. Pomares; J. Gonzalez; L. J. Herrera; A. Guillen
Integrated method for chaotic time series analysis
Methods and apparatus for automatically detecting differences between similar but different states in a nonlinear process monitor nonlinear data are disclosed. Steps include: acquiring the data; digitizing the data; obtaining nonlinear measures of the data via chaotic time series analysis; obtaining time serial trends in the nonlinear measures; and determining by comparison whether differences between similar but different states are indicated. 8 figs.
Hively, L.M.; Ng, E.G.
Is the notion of time really fundamental?
From the Physics point of view, time is now best described through General Relativity, as part of space-time which is a dynamical object encoding gravity. Time possesses also some intrinsic irreversibility due to thermodynamics, quantum mechanical effects... This irreversibility can look puzzling since time-like loops (and hence time machines) can appear in General Relativity (for example in the Goedel universe, a solution of Einstein's equations). We take this apparent discrepancy as a warning bell pointing to us that time as we understand it, might not be fundamental and that whatever theory, lying beyond General Relativity, may not include time as we know it as a fundamental structure. We propose therefore, following the philosophy of analog models of gravity, that time and gravity might not be fundamental per se, but only emergent features. We illustrate our proposal using a toy-model where we show how the Lorentzian signature and Nordstroem gravity (a diffeomorphisms invariant scalar gravity theory) can emerge from a timeless non-dynamical space.
Florian Girelli; Stefano Liberati; Lorenzo Sindoni
Airport Gate Scheduling with Time Windows
In contrast to the existing airport gate assignment studies where flight have fixed schedules, we consider the more realistic situation where flight arrival and departure times can change. Although we minimize walking distances (or travel time) in our ... Keywords: aircraft gate scheduling, memetic algorithm, tabu search
A. Lim; B. Rodrigues; Y. Zhu
Time series forecasting with Qubit Neural Networks
This paper proposes a quantum learning scheme approach for time series forecasting, through the application of the new non-standard Qubit Neural Network (QNN) model. The QNN description was adapted in this work in order to resemble classical Artificial ... Keywords: artificial intelligence, artificial neural networks, quantum computing, qubit neural networks, time series forecasting
Carlos R. B. Azevedo; Tiago A. E. Ferreira
Computing Needs Time Edward A. Lee
, and Toyota. #12;Computing Needs Time Edward A. Lee UC Berkeley email@example.com February 18, 2009, and Toyota. 1 #12;E. A. Lee, Berkeley Computing Needs Time "It seems to have a computer; need I say more."1
Fractal analysis of time varying data
Characteristics of time varying data, such as an electrical signal, are analyzed by converting the data from a temporal domain into a spatial domain pattern. Fractal analysis is performed on the spatial domain pattern, thereby producing a fractal dimension D.sub.F. The fractal dimension indicates the regularity of the time varying data.
Vo-Dinh, Tuan (Knoxville, TN); Sadana, Ajit (Oxford, MS)
Iterative Time Reversal with Tunable Convergence
We propose and test an iterative technique for improving the temporal focusing of a time reversal mirror. A single amplification parameter is introduced to tune the convergence of the iteration. The tunable iterative technique is validated by tests on an experimental electromagnetic time reversal mirror, as well as on a novel numerical model.
Biniyam Tesfaye Taddese; Thomas M. Antonsen; Edward Ott; Steven M. Anlage
FAST: Frequency-aware static timing analysis
Energy is a valuable resource in embedded systems as the lifetime of many such systems is constrained by their battery capacity. Recent advances in processor design have added support for dynamic frequency/voltage scaling (DVS) for saving energy. Recent ... Keywords: Real-time systems, dynamic voltage scaling, scheduling, worst-case execution time analysis
Kiran Seth; Aravindh Anantaraman; Frank Mueller; Eric Rotenberg
EnergyPlus Run Time Analysis
EnergyPlus is a new generation building performance simulation program offering many new modeling capabilities and more accurate performance calculations integrating building components in sub-hourly time steps. However, EnergyPlus runs much slower than the current generation simulation programs. This has become a major barrier to its widespread adoption by the industry. This paper analyzed EnergyPlus run time from comprehensive perspectives to identify key issues and challenges of speeding up EnergyPlus: studying the historical trends of EnergyPlus run time based on the advancement of computers and code improvements to EnergyPlus, comparing EnergyPlus with DOE-2 to understand and quantify the run time differences, identifying key simulation settings and model features that have significant impacts on run time, and performing code profiling to identify which EnergyPlus subroutines consume the most amount of run time. This paper provides recommendations to improve EnergyPlus run time from the modeler?s perspective and adequate computing platforms. Suggestions of software code and architecture changes to improve EnergyPlus run time based on the code profiling results are also discussed.
Hong, Tianzhen; Buhl, Fred; Haves, Philip
Efficient forecasting for hierarchical time series
Forecasting is used as the basis for business planning in many application areas such as energy, sales and traffic management. Time series data used in these areas is often hierarchically organized and thus, aggregated along the hierarchy levels based ... Keywords: forecasting, hierarchies, optimization, time series
Lars Dannecker; Robert Lorenz; Philipp R�sch; Wolfgang Lehner; Gregor Hackenbroich
Tritium Time Series from Ocean Station P
We present time series of tritium (3H) concentrations at varying depths in the water column at Ocean Station P(50�N, 145�W) in the northeast Pacific. Measurements started in the fall of 1974, at the time of the GEOSECS mapping of the North ...
A. E. Gargett; G. Ostlund; C. S. Wong
Methods and apparatus for automatically detecting differences between similar but different states in a nonlinear process monitor nonlinear data. Steps include: acquiring the data; digitizing the data; obtaining nonlinear measures of the data via chaotic time series analysis; obtaining time serial trends in the nonlinear measures; and determining by comparison whether differences between similar but different states are indicated.
Hively, Lee M. (Philadelphia, TN); Ng, Esmond G. (Concord, TN)
Gravity in Complex Hermitian Space-Time
A generalized theory unifying gravity with electromagnetism was proposed by Einstein in 1945. He considered a Hermitian metric on a real space-time. In this work we review Einstein's idea and generalize it further to consider gravity in a complex Hermitian space-time.
Ali H. Chamseddine
Reducing Uncertainty in Fisheries Management: The Time for Fishers' Ecological Knowledge
This dissertation work presents a novel method for addressing system uncertainty to improve management of a small-scale fishery in St. Croix, United States Virgin Islands. Using fishers' ecological knowledge (FEK), this research examines existing perspectives and biases through the Q-Method to identify regulatory inefficiencies in the management framework and strengthen the rationale for including fishers into the management process, develops a coupled behavior-economics model to predict the likelihood of fishing the preferred grounds under a range of physical and regulatory conditions, establishes a baseline assessment of a spawning aggregation of mutton snapper following sixteen years of protection through a no-take marine protected area, and conducts a discrete choice method test to examine likely public support for FEK-based proposed regulatory alternatives. This work contributes to an under-studied and much-needed area of fisheries management, that of incorporating socioeconomic motivations within an ecosystem-based framework. As fisheries management efforts begin to embrace ecosystem-based approaches, the need for understanding and incorporating the knowledge and behavior of fishers into management has never been greater. Ecological goals of fishery sustainability and continued habitat function cannot be achieved without first understanding how fishers view and respond to any regulatory environment and then developing a framework that achieves the greatest support for those regulations. The time has come for incorporating FEK into ecosystem-based fisheries management.
Carr, Liam
Kinetic Analysis of Cation Exchange in Birnessite using Time-resolved Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction
In this study, we applied time-resolved synchrotron X-ray diffraction (TRXRD) to develop kinetic models that test a proposed two-stage reaction pathway for cation exchange in birnessite. These represent the first rate equations calculated for cation exchange in layered manganates. Our previous work has shown that the substitution of K, Cs, and Ba for interlayer Na in synthetic triclinic birnessite induces measurable changes in unit-cell parameters. New kinetic modeling of this crystallographic data supports our previously postulated two-stage reaction pathway for cation exchange, and we can correlate the kinetic steps with changes in crystal structure. In addition, the initial rates of cation exchange, R ({angstrom}{sup 3} min{sup -1}), were determined from changes in unit-cell volume to follow these rate laws: R = 1.75[K{sup +}{sub (aq)}]{sup 0.56}, R = 41.1[Cs{sup +}{sub (aq)}]{sup 1.10}, R = 1.15[Ba{sup 2+}{sub (aq)}]{sup 0.50}. Thus, the exchange rates for Na in triclinic birnessite decreased in the order: Cs >> K > Ba. These results are likely a function of hydration energy differences of the cations and the preference of the solution phase for the more readily hydrated cation.
C Lopano; P Heaney; J Bandstra; J Post; S Brantley
A Real-time Integration of Concept-based Search and Summarization on Chinese Websites
This paper introduces an intuitive search environment for casual and novice Chinese users over Internet. The system consists of four components, a concept network, a query reformulation model, a standard search engine, and an automatic summarizer. When the user enters one or more fairly general and vague terms, the search engine returns an initial answer set, and at the same time pipes the query to the concept network that connects thousands of conceptual nodes, each referring to a specific concept for a given domain and pointing to a number of associated conceptual terms. If the concept is located in the network, the related conceptual terms are displayed. The user has the option of using one or more of these specific terms to reformulate the next round of searches. Such search iterations continue until the user' s ultimate information seeking goal is reached. For each search iteration, auto summarizer presents the main theme of the document retrieved and an optional text-to-speech engine can read out the output summary if the user prefers.
Joe F Zhou; Weiquan Liu
It's Time to ACT | Department of Energy
It's Time to ACT It's Time to ACT It's Time to ACT May 25, 2011 - 10:32am Addthis John Lippert In my November 29, 2010 and my February 15, 2011 blog postings, I described some tools and strategies based on behavioral psychology that some companies and organizations are using to encourage people to use less energy and purchase clean energy. Here's another one. I was reading an article the other day in which University of Nevada, Reno, psychologist Steven Hayes gave his explanation of why we Americans are so reluctant to adjust our thermostats. He believes our culture has conditioned us to avoid all discomfort. In other words, we believe that we should feel good all the time. The funny thing is that I heard multiple times essentially the same message at religious services I attended. The common thread in these messages and
Fermilab | Fermilab Time and Labor | Launch
Go to FTL timecard Click here to create and submit your timecard on the Fermilab Time and Labor system. Alternate System Login This link uses html only and may work on your mobile device. It is provided for ease of use only. If it doesn't work for you, please use the other link. Fermilab Time and Labor All employees use a single, standard system to report their time and effort electronically. Log in to the system here. This has modernized our time and labor reporting system and helps Fermilab comply with DOE requirements. Use this page to access tools that will help you use the Fermilab Time & Labor electronic timecard. You can login to your timecard, access training materials and documentation and ensure that your browser has the settings and software it needs to access the system.
Changes in risk perception over time
The focus of this paper is on changes in perceptions of the risks associated with nuclear waste management over time. In particular, we are interested in the kinds of change that take place when the management programs, and those who are charged with implementing them, are subject to intensive public debate over an extended period of time. We are undertaken an over-time study of perceived risks in Colorado and New Mexico by implementing sequential random household surveys in each state, timed at six month intervals. This study employs three of these surveys, spanning the period from summer, 1990 to summer, 1991. Using these data, we examine the dynamics that may underlie variations in perceived risks over time. In particular, our analysis is focused on changes in the roles played by (1) basic political orientations (i.e. political ideology) and (2) trust in those who advocate conflicting policy positions.
Gomez, L.S. [Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM (United States); Jenkins-Smith, H.C.; Miller, K.W. [New Mexico Univ., Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Reserved or On-Demand Instances? A Revenue Maximization Model for Cloud Providers
We examine the problem of managing a server farm in a way that attempts to maximize the net revenue earned by a cloud provider by renting servers to customers according to a typical Platform-as-a-Service model. The Cloud provider offers its resources to two classes of customers: `premium' and `basic'. Premium customers pay upfront fees to reserve servers for a specified period of time (e.g. a year). Premium customers can submit jobs for their reserved servers at any time and pay a fee for the server-hours they use. The provider is liable to pay a penalty every time a `premium' job can not be executed due to lack of resources. On the other hand, `basic' customers are served on a best-effort basis, and pay a server-hour fee that may be higher than the one paid by premium customers. The provider incurs energy costs when running servers. Hence, it has an incentive to turn off idle servers. The question of how to choose the number of servers to allocate to each pool (basic and premium) is answered by analyzing a s...
Mazzucco, Michele
Time-Domain Electromagnetics | Open Energy Information
Time-Domain Electromagnetics Time-Domain Electromagnetics Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Exploration Technique: Time-Domain Electromagnetics Details Activities (10) Areas (10) Regions (0) NEPA(0) Exploration Technique Information Exploration Group: Geophysical Techniques Exploration Sub Group: Electrical Techniques Parent Exploration Technique: Electromagnetic Sounding Techniques Information Provided by Technique Lithology: Detection of rock units or geological features with contrasting apparent resistivity. Stratigraphic/Structural: Structural information may be inferred from TDEM data. Hydrological: Hydrological information such as depth to groundwater table may be determined. Thermal: Extent of hydrothermal alteration mineralogy may be inferred. Cost Information
Real time sensor for therapeutic radiation delivery
The invention is a real time sensor for therapeutic radiation. A probe is placed in or near the patient that senses in real time the dose at the location of the probe. The strength of the dose is determined by either an insertion or an exit probe. The location is determined by a series of vertical and horizontal sensing elements that gives the operator a real time read out dose location relative to placement of the patient. The increased accuracy prevents serious tissue damage to the patient by preventing overdose or delivery of a dose to a wrong location within the body. 14 figs.
Bliss, M.; Craig, R.A.; Reeder, P.L.
The invention is a real time sensor for therapeutic radiation. A probe is placed in or near the patient that senses in real time the dose at the location of the probe. The strength of the dose is determined by either an insertion or an exit probe. The location is determined by a series of vertical and horizontal sensing elements that gives the operator a real time read out dose location relative to placement of the patient. The increased accuracy prevents serious tissue damage to the patient by preventing overdose or delivery of a dose to a wrong location within the body.
Bliss, Mary (West Richland, WA); Craig, Richard A. (West Richland, WA); Reeder, Paul L. (Richland, WA)
Proper Time Flow Equation for Gravity
We analyze a proper time renormalization group equation for Quantum Einstein Gravity in the Einstein-Hilbert truncation and compare its predictions to those of the conceptually different exact renormalization group equation of the effective average action. We employ a smooth infrared regulator of a special type which is known to give rise to extremely precise critical exponents in scalar theories. We find perfect consistency between the proper time and the average action renormalization group equations. In particular the proper time equation, too, predicts the existence of a non-Gaussian fixed point as it is necessary for the conjectured nonperturbative renormalizability of Quantum Einstein Gravity.
Bonanno, A
Nuclear dynamics in time-dependent picture
Using the time-dependent theory of quantum mechanics, we investigate nuclear electric dipole responses. The time evolution of a wave function is explicitly calculated in the coordinate-space representation. The particle continuum is treated with the absorbing boundary condition. Calculated time-dependent quantities are transformed into those of familiar energy representation. We apply the method to a three-body model for 11Li and to the mean-field model for 22O, then discuss properties of E1 response.
Takashi Nakatsukasa; Makoto Ito; Kazuhiro Yabana
Time Limits and Work Schedules Time Limits and Work Schedules Undergraduate Program Time Limits and Work Schedules Point your career towards LANL: work with the best minds on the planet in an inclusive environment that is rich in intellectual vitality and opportunities for growth. Contact Student Programs (505) 665-8899 Email Time limits The length of participation in the undergraduate program is limited to a maximum of six years for students pursuing a bachelor's degree and three years for students pursuing an associate's degree. Work schedules Year-round students Students participating in some special undergraduate programs, post-baccalaureate appointments, post-master's appointments, and GRA students working on a thesis or dissertation are excluded from the 30-hour per week work restriction.
NSLS User Access | Requesting Beam Time
Requesting Beam Time Requesting Beam Time Use one of the following options depending on your research: General User Proposal General User proposals are peer reviewed for scientific merit by a Proposal Review Panel (PRP). General User proposals compete for beamtime with other General User Proposals based on scientific merit. Once the original proposal and beam time request is reviewed and rated in the PASS System, additional beam time requests can be submitted against the original proposal for its lifetime, a period of up to six cycles (two years). Data taken during experiments associated with a General User proposal is considered to be in the public domain. There is no charge for General User beamtime. Rapid Access Rapid Access proposals are a subset of General User proposals available for
Casimir forces in the time domain: Applications
Our previous article [Phys. Rev. A 80, 012115 (2009)] introduced a method to compute Casimir forces in arbitrary geometries and for arbitrary materials that was based on a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) scheme. In ...
Johnson, Steven G.
It's About Time: Investing in Transportation to
MARCH 2011 It's About Time: Investing in Transportation to Keep Texas Economically Competitive #12 of Contents Preface 1 The Challenge Facing Texans 3 Texas Transportation Action Principles 6 Texas' Deteriorating Transportation System: Background and Measurement 8 Baseline Scenario: Unacceptable Conditions
Thermodynamics and time-directional invariance
Time directions are not invariant in conventional thermodynamics. We broadly follow ideas of Ludwig Boltzmann and investigate implications of postulating time-directional invariance in thermodynamics. In this investigation, we require that thermodynamic descriptions are not changed under time reversal accompanied by replacement of matter by antimatter (i.e. CPT-invariant thermodynamics). The matter and antimatter are defined as thermodynamic concepts without detailing their physical structure. Our analysis stays within the limits of conceptual thermodynamics and leads to effective negative temperatures, to thermodynamic restrictions on time travel and to inherent antagonism of matter and antimatter. This antagonism is purely thermodynamic; it explains the difficulty in achieving thermodynamic equilibrium between matter and antimatter and does not postulate their mutual annihilation on contact. We believe that the conclusions of this work can be of interest not only for people researching or teaching thermodyn...
Klimenko, A Y
Energy drift in reversible time integration
Energy drift is commonly observed in reversible integrations of systems of molecular dynamics. We show that this drift can be modelled as a diffusion and that the typical energy error after time T is O(?T).
R I McLachlan; M Perlmutter
Fun with sub-linear time algorithms
Provided that one is willing to use randomness and to tolerate an approximate answer, many computational problems admit ultrafast algorithms that run in less than linear time in the length of the input. In many interesting cases, even algorithms that ...
Luca Trevisan
Advective Time Lags in Box Models
A box model of the thermohaline circulation with mixed boundary conditions in which advective processes are incorporated via an explicit time delay mechanism is considered. The pipes that connect the subtropical and subpolar boxes have a finite ...
Douglas A. Kurtze; Juan M. Restrepo
Real-Time Mesoscale Prediction on workstations
Experience in performing real-time mesoscale numerical prediction forecasts using the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) over Colorado for a winter season on high-performance workstations is summarized. Performance evaluation is done for ...
William R. Cotton; Gregory Thompson; Paul W. Mieike Jr.
Real time PCR measurement by fluorescence anisotropy
Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the gold-standard for quantitation in both mutation and gene expression analyses. Already this technique has found valuable clinical application in disease diagnosis and progression ...
Crane, Bryan Lee, 1976-
Time Scales of Land Surface Hydrology
This paper intends to investigate the time scales of land surface hydrology and enhance the understanding of the hydrological cycle between the atmosphere, vegetation, and soil. A three-layer model for land surface hydrology is developed to study ...
Aihui Wang; Xubin Zeng; Samuel S. P. Shen; Qing-Cun Zeng; Robert E. Dickinson
book review: A book for our time
important thing in this book isn�t actually written down innews and update ISSN 1948-6596 book reviewA book for our time Spatial Conservation Prioritization �
Grenyer, Richard
Virtual stationary timed automata for mobile networks
In this thesis, we formally define a programming abstraction for mobile networks called the Virtual Stationary Automata programming layer, consisting of real mobile clients, virtual timed I/O automata called virtual ...
Nolte, Tina Ann, 1979-
The Aging Workforce and Paid Time Off
The Aging Workforce and Paid Time Off Draft 07/08/09 Gilliana matter of the workforce aging as the population ages. Thephysical changes with aging that can affect performance. 10
Lester, Gillian
Real-time rendering systems in 2010
We present a case for future real-time rendering systems that support non-physically-correct global illumination techniques by using ray tracing visibility algorithms, by integrating scene management with rendering, and by executing on general-purpose ...
William R. Mark; Donald Fussell
Estimates of Characteristic Times for Precipitation Scavenging
We address the problem of using climatological data to estimate residence times in the atmosphere of particles subjected to precipitation scavenging. Basic parameters are the scavenging coefficient ?, the rainfall intensity R and the length of ...
Henning Rodhe; Jan Grandell
Real Time Energy Pricing Web Services Implementation
Real Time Energy Pricing Web Services Implementation Speaker(s): Jim Boch Kim McCaffrey Robert Nawy Date: December 15, 2010 - 12:00pm Location: 90-3122 Seminar HostPoint of...
Space�Time Correlations of Lightning Distributions
Lightning location data are used to calculate the autocorrelation function of lightning distributions, which is a function of distances and time intervals between the single lightning events. This function is utilized for the characterization of ...
Ulli Finke
Near Real-Time Push Middleware
Architecture.. 102 System Trial .. 109 Chapter 6 Electric vehicle smart charging and vehicle-to-gridSmart Grid, to address deficiencies in existing research, and to advance the state of the art in near real-time push architectures.
Mal, Siddhartha Byron
Time Limits and Work Schedules Time Limits and Work Schedules Graduate Program Time Limits and Work Schedules Point your career towards LANL: work with the best minds on the planet in an inclusive environment that is rich in intellectual vitality and opportunities for growth. Contact Student Programs (505) 665-8899 Email Time Limits The length of participation in the graduate program is limited as follows: With a bachelor's pursuing a master's degree: 4 years With a bachelor's pursuing a PhD: 7 years With a master's pursuing a second master's degree: 2 years With a master's pursuing a PhD: 4 years With a master's pursuing a master's and PhD in a new field: 6 years Students may remain in the GRA program for up to three months after receiving their PhD. Work schedules Year-round students Students participating in the MBA program, post-baccalaureate appointments,
Space-Time Insight | Open Energy Information
Space-Time Insight Space-Time Insight Jump to: navigation, search Name Space-Time Insight Address 45680 Northport Loop East Place Fremont, California Zip 94538 Sector Efficiency Product SpaceTime Awareness Server Year founded 2008 Number of employees 11-50 Website http://www.spacetimeinsight.co Coordinates 37.4923832°, -121.9532879° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":37.4923832,"lon":-121.9532879,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Property:Real-Time | Open Energy Information
Real-Time Real-Time Jump to: navigation, search Property Name Real-Time Property Type String Pages using the property "Real-Time" Showing 25 pages using this property. (previous 25) (next 25) 1 1.5-ft Wave Flume Facility + No + 10-ft Wave Flume Facility + No + 11-ft Wave Flume Facility + No + 2 2-ft Flume Facility + No + 3 3-ft Wave Flume Facility + No + 5 5-ft Wave Flume Facility + No + 6 6-ft Wave Flume Facility + No + A Alden Large Flume + Yes + Alden Small Flume + Yes + Alden Tow Tank + Yes + Alden Wave Basin + Yes + B Breakwater Research Facility + No + Bucknell Hydraulic Flume + No + C Carderock 2-ft Variable Pressure Cavitation Water Tunnel + No + Carderock 3-ft Variable Pressure Cavitation Water Tunnel + No + Carderock Circulating Water Channel + No +
Unraveling life four letters at a time
Unraveling life four letters at a time Unraveling life four letters at a time 1663 Los Alamos science and technology magazine Latest Issue:November 2013 All Issues » submit Unraveling life four letters at a time Major advances in sequencing since the official end of the Human Genome Project are fueling a revolution in genomics research. November 25, 2013 Unraveling life four letters at a time Reading the genetic code of life keeps getting faster and cheaper, bringing more and more new discoveries within reach. The genomics revolution that came after the Human Genome Project The Human Genome Project officially ended in 2003, but the 10 years since have seen dramatic improvements in genomics technology and discovery. New, rapid sequencing machines provide high throughput conversion of genetic material (DNA or RNA) into data to be arranged into its proper order by a
Exploiting sparsity in time-of-flight range acquisition using a single time-resolved sensor
Range acquisition systems such as light detection and ranging (LIDAR) and time-of-flight (TOF) cameras operate by measuring the time difference of arrival between a transmitted pulse and the scene reflection. We introduce ...
Kirmani, Ahmed
A new time-invariant fuzzy time series forecasting method based on genetic algorithm
In recent years, many fuzzy time series methods have been proposed in the literature. Some of these methods use the classical fuzzy set theory, which needs complex matricial operations in fuzzy time series methods. Because of this problem, many studies ...
Erol E?rio?lu
Time-aging time-stress superposition in soft glass under tensile deformation field
We have studied the tensile deformation behaviour of thin films of aging aqueous suspension of Laponite, a model soft glassy material, when subjected to a creep flow field generated by a constant engineering normal stress. Aqueous suspension of Laponite demonstrates aging behaviour wherein it undergoes time dependent enhancement of its elastic modulus as well as its characteristic relaxation time. However, under application of the normal stress, the rate of aging decreases and in the limit of high stress, the aging stops with the suspension now undergoing a plastic deformation. Overall, it is observed that the aging that occurs over short creep times at small normal stresses is same as the aging that occurs over long creep times at large normal stresses. This observation allows us to suggest an aging time - process time - normal stress superposition principle, which can predict rheological behaviour at longer times by carrying out short time tests.
Asima Shaukat; Ashutosh Sharma; Yogesh M. Joshi
On Time-Invariant Purified-Output-Based Discrete Time Control
Oct 14, 2005 ... On Time-Invariant Purified-Output-Based Discrete Time Control. Aharon Ben-Tal (abental ***at*** ie.technion.ac.il) Stephen Boyd (boyd ***at***�...
Gain Time Reclaiming in High Performance Real-Time Java Systems
The run-time characteristics of Java, such as high frequency of method invocation, dynamic dispatching and dynamic loading, make Java more difficult than other object-oriented programming languages, such as C++, for conducting Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET) analysis. To offer a more flexible way to develop object-oriented real-time applications in the realtime Java environment without loss of predicability and performance, we propose a novel gain time reclaiming framework integrated with WCET analysis. This paper demonstrates how to improve the utilisation and performance of the whole system by reclaiming gain time at run-time. Our approach shows that integrating WCET with gain time reclaiming can not only provide a more flexible environment, but it also does not necessarily result in unsafe or unpredictable timing behaviour.
Erik Yu-Shing Hu; Andy Wellings; Guillem Bernat
Blind calibration of timing skew in time-interleaved analog-to-digital converters
The performance of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converters is often significantly degraded by timing mismatch errors. We develop methods for performing blind calibration of such converters, i.e., for estimating the ...
Divi, Vijay
The Real Time System Operations (RTSO) 2006-2007 project focused on two parallel technical tasks: (1) Real-Time Applications of Phasors for Monitoring, Alarming and Control; and (2) Real-Time Voltage Security Assessment (RTVSA) Prototype Tool. The overall goal of the phasor applications project was to accelerate adoption and foster greater use of new, more accurate, time-synchronized phasor measurements by conducting research and prototyping applications on California ISO's phasor platform - Real-Time Dynamics Monitoring System (RTDMS) -- that provide previously unavailable information on the dynamic stability of the grid. Feasibility assessment studies were conducted on potential application of this technology for small-signal stability monitoring, validating/improving existing stability nomograms, conducting frequency response analysis, and obtaining real-time sensitivity information on key metrics to assess grid stress. Based on study findings, prototype applications for real-time visualization and alarming, small-signal stability monitoring, measurement based sensitivity analysis and frequency response assessment were developed, factory- and field-tested at the California ISO and at BPA. The goal of the RTVSA project was to provide California ISO with a prototype voltage security assessment tool that runs in real time within California ISO?s new reliability and congestion management system. CERTS conducted a technical assessment of appropriate algorithms, developed a prototype incorporating state-of-art algorithms (such as the continuation power flow, direct method, boundary orbiting method, and hyperplanes) into a framework most suitable for an operations environment. Based on study findings, a functional specification was prepared, which the California ISO has since used to procure a production-quality tool that is now a part of a suite of advanced computational tools that is used by California ISO for reliability and congestion management.
Eto, Joseph H.; Parashar, Manu; Lewis, Nancy Jo
Polynomial Time Algorithms for Minimum Energy Scheduling
The aim of power management policies is to reduce the amount of energy consumed by computer systems while maintaining satisfactory level of performance. One common method for saving energy is to simply suspend the system during the idle times. No energy is consumed in the suspend mode. However, the process of waking up the system itself requires a certain fixed amount of energy, and thus suspending the system is beneficial only if the idle time is long enough to compensate for this additional energy expenditure. In the specific problem studied in the paper, we have a set of jobs with release times and deadlines that need to be executed on a single processor. Preemptions are allowed. The processor requires energy L to be woken up and, when it is on, it uses one unit of energy per one unit of time. It has been an open problem whether a schedule minimizing the overall energy consumption can be computed in polynomial time. We solve this problem in positive, by providing an O(n^5)-time algorithm. In addition we pr...
Baptiste, Philippe; Durr, Christoph
Extending quantum control of time-independent systems to time-dependent systems
We establish that if a scheme can control a time-independent system arbitrarily coupled to a generic finite bath over a short period of time $T$ with control precision $O(T^{N+1})$, it can also realize the control with the same order of precision on smoothly time-dependent systems. This result extends the validity of various universal dynamical control schemes to arbitrary analytically time-dependent systems.
Zhen-Yu Wang; Ren-Bao Liu
Classification of the Entangled states L\\times N\\times N
We presented a general classification scheme for the tripartite $L\\times N\\times N$ entangled system under stochastic local operation and classical communication. The whole classification procedure consists of two correlated parts: the simultaneous similarity transformation of a commuting matrix pair into a canonical form and the study of internal symmetry of parameters in the canonical form. Based on this scheme, a concrete example of entanglement classification for a $3\\times N\\times N$ system is given.
Jun-Li Li; Shi-Yuan Li; Cong-Feng Qiao
Pulmonary crackle detection using time-frequency and time-scale analysis
Pulmonary crackles are used as indicators for the diagnosis of different pulmonary disorders in auscultation. Crackles are very common adventitious transient sounds. From the characteristics of crackles such as timing and number of occurrences, the type ... Keywords: Crackle detection, Denoising, Dual-tree complex wavelet transform, Ensemble methods, Lung sounds, Support vector machines, Time-frequency and time-scale analysis
Gorkem Serbes; C. Okan Sakar; Yasemin P. Kahya; Nizamettin Aydin
Real-Time Signal Estimation From Modified Short-Time Fourier Transform Magnitude Spectra
An algorithm for estimating signals from short-time magnitude spectra is introduced offering a significant improvement in quality and efficiency over current methods. The key issue is how to invert a sequence of overlapping magnitude spectra (a ldquospectrogramrdquo) ... Keywords: Magnitude-only reconstruction, real-time systems, signal estimation, spectrogram inversion, time-scale modification (TSM)
Xinglei Zhu; G. Beauregard; L. Wyse
Use of a large time-compensated scintillation detector in neutron time-of-flight measurements
A scintillator for neutron time-of-flight measurements is positioned at a desired angle with respect to the neutron beam, and as a function of the energy thereof, such that the sum of the transit times of the neutrons and photons in the scintillator are substantially independent of the points of scintillations within the scintillator. Extrapolated zero timing is employed rather than the usual constant fraction timing. As a result, a substantially larger scintillator can be employed that substantially increases the data rate and shortens the experiment time.
Goodman, Charles D. (Oak Ridge, TN)
Hitting Time Distributions in Financial Markets
We analyze the hitting time distributions of stock price returns in different time windows, characterized by different levels of noise present in the market. The study has been performed on two sets of data from US markets. The first one is composed by daily price of 1071 stocks trade for the 12-year period 1987-1998, the second one is composed by high frequency data for 100 stocks for the 4-year period 1995-1998. We compare the probability distribution obtained by our empirical analysis with those obtained from different models for stock market evolution. Specifically by focusing on the statistical properties of the hitting times to reach a barrier or a given threshold, we compare the probability density function (PDF) of three models, namely the geometric Brownian motion, the GARCH model and the Heston model with that obtained from real market data. We will present also some results of a generalized Heston model.
Valenti, D; Spagnolo, B; Bonanno, Giovanni; Spagnolo, Bernardo; Valenti, Davide
Relaxation time of non-conformal plasma
We study effective relaxation time of viscous hydrodynamics of strongly coupled non-conformal gauge theory plasma using gauge theory/string theory correspondence. We compute leading corrections to the conformal plasma relaxation time from the relevant deformations due to dim-2 and dim-3 operators. We discuss in details the relaxation time tau_eff of N=2^* plasma. For a certain choice of masses this theory undergoes a phase transition with divergent specific heat c_V ~ |1-T_c/T|^(-1/2). Although the bulk viscosity remains finite all the way to the critical temperature, we find that tau_eff diverges near the critical point as tau_eff ~ |1-T_c/T|^(-1/2).
Alex Buchel
Time-resolved multiple probe spectroscopy
Time-resolved multiple probe spectroscopy combines optical, electronic, and data acquisition capabilities to enable measurement of picosecond to millisecond time-resolved spectra within a single experiment, using a single activation pulse. This technology enables a wide range of dynamic processes to be studied on a single laser and sample system. The technique includes a 1 kHz pump, 10 kHz probe flash photolysis-like mode of acquisition (pump-probe-probe-probe, etc.), increasing the amount of information from each experiment. We demonstrate the capability of the instrument by measuring the photolysis of tungsten hexacarbonyl (W(CO){sub 6}) monitored by IR absorption spectroscopy, following picosecond vibrational cooling of product formation through to slower bimolecular diffusion reactions on the microsecond time scale.
Greetham, G. M.; Sole, D.; Clark, I. P.; Parker, A. W.; Pollard, M. R.; Towrie, M. [Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX (United Kingdom)
Matrix representation of the time operator
In quantum mechanics the time operator {Theta} satisfies the commutation relation [{Theta}, H]=i, and thus it may be thought of as being formally canonically conjugate to the Hamiltonian H. The time operator associated with a given Hamiltonian H is not unique because one can replace {Theta} by {Theta}+{Theta}{sub hom}, where {Theta}{sub hom} satisfies the homogeneous condition [{Theta}{sub hom}, H]= 0. To study this nonuniqueness the matrix elements of {Theta} for the harmonic-oscillator Hamiltonian are calculated in the eigenstate basis. This calculation requires the summation of divergent series, and the summation is accomplished by using zeta-summation techniques. It is shown that by including appropriate homogeneous contributions, the matrix elements of {Theta} simplify dramatically. However, it is still not clear whether there is an optimally simple representation of the time operator.
Bender, Carl M. [Department of Physics, Kings College London, Strand, London WC2R 1LS (United Kingdom); Gianfreda, Mariagiovanna [Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Universita del Salento and I.N.F.N. Sezione di Lecce, Via Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce (Italy)
Transient nanobubbles in short-time electrolysis
Water electrolysis in a microsystem is observed and analyzed on a short-time scale ~10 us. Very unusual properties of the process are stressed. An extremely high current density is observed because the process is not limited by the diffusion of electroactive species. The high current is accompanied by a high relative supersaturation S>1000 that results in homogeneous nucleation of bubbles. On the short-time scale only nanobubbles can be formed. These nanobubbles densely cover the electrodes and aggregate at a later time to microbubbles. The effect is significantly intensified with a small increase of temperature. Application of alternating polarity voltage pulses produces bubbles containing a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen. Spontaneous reaction between gases is observed for stoichiometric bubbles with the size smallaer than 150 nm. Such bubbles disintegrate violently affecting the surface of electrodes.
Vitaly B. Svetovoy; Remco G. P. Sanders; Miko C. Elwenspoek
Real time gamma-ray signature identifier
A real time gamma-ray signature/source identification method and system using principal components analysis (PCA) for transforming and substantially reducing one or more comprehensive spectral libraries of nuclear materials types and configurations into a corresponding concise representation/signature(s) representing and indexing each individual predetermined spectrum in principal component (PC) space, wherein an unknown gamma-ray signature may be compared against the representative signature to find a match or at least characterize the unknown signature from among all the entries in the library with a single regression or simple projection into the PC space, so as to substantially reduce processing time and computing resources and enable real-time characterization and/or identification.
Rowland, Mark (Alamo, CA); Gosnell, Tom B. (Moraga, CA); Ham, Cheryl (Livermore, CA); Perkins, Dwight (Livermore, CA); Wong, James (Dublin, CA)
Measurable Maximal Energy and Minimal Time Interval
The possibility of finding the measurable maximal energy and the minimal time interval is discussed in different quantum aspects. It is found that the linear generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) approach gives a non-physical result. Based on large scale Schwarzshild solution, the quadratic GUP approach is utilized. The calculations are performed at the shortest distance, at which the general relativity is assumed to be a good approximation for the quantum gravity and at larger distances, as well. It is found that both maximal energy and minimal time have the order of the Planck time. Then, the uncertainties in both quantities are accordingly bounded. Some physical insights are addressed. Also, the implications on the physics of early Universe and on quantized mass are outlined. The results are related to the existence of finite cosmological constant and minimum mass (mass quanta).
Eiman Abou El Dahab; Abdel Nasser Tawfik
Time reversal signal processing for communication.
Time-reversal is a wave focusing technique that makes use of the reciprocity of wireless propagation channels. It works particularly well in a cluttered environment with associated multipath reflection. This technique uses the multipath in the environment to increase focusing ability. Time-reversal can also be used to null signals, either to reduce unintentional interference or to prevent eavesdropping. It does not require controlled geometric placement of the transmit antennas. Unlike existing techniques it can work without line-of-sight. We have explored the performance of time-reversal focusing in a variety of simulated environments. We have also developed new algorithms to simultaneously focus at a location while nulling at an eavesdropper location. We have experimentally verified these techniques in a realistic cluttered environment.
Young, Derek P.; Jacklin, Neil; Punnoose, Ratish J.; Counsil, David T.