text:
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
NEMS industrial module documentation report
SciTech Connect
The NEMS Industrial Demand Model is a dynamic accounting model, bringing together the disparate industries and uses of energy in those industries, and putting them together in an understandable and cohesive framework. The Industrial Model generates mid-term (up to the year 2010) forecasts of industrial sector energy demand as a component of the NEMS integrated forecasting system. From the NEMS system, the Industrial Model receives fuel prices, employment data, and the value of output of industrial activity. Based on the values of these variables, the Industrial Model passes back to the NEMS system estimates of consumption by fuel types.
NEMS integrating module documentation report
Science Conference Proceedings (OSTI)
The National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) is a computer-based, energy-economy modeling system of U.S. energy markets for the midterm period. NEMS projects the production, imports, conversion, consumption, and prices of energy, subject to a variety of assumptions. The assumptions encompass macroeconomic and financial factors, world energy markets, resource availability and costs, behavioral and technological choice criteria, technology characteristics, and demographics. NEMS produces a general equilibrium solution for energy supply and demand in the U.S. energy markets on an annual basis through 2015. Baseline forecasts from NEMS are published in the Annual Energy Outlook. Analyses are also prepared in response to requests by the U.S. Congress, the DOE Office of Policy, and others. NEMS was first used for forecasts presented in the Annual Energy Outlook 1994.
National Energy Modeling System (NEMS)
DOE Data Explorer (OSTI)
The National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) is a computer-based, energy-economy modeling system of U.S. through 2030. NEMS projects the production, imports, conversion, consumption, and prices of energy, subject to assumptions on macroeconomic and financial factors, world energy markets, resource availability and costs, behavioral and technological choice criteria, cost and performance characteristics of energy technologies, and demographics. NEMS was designed and implemented by the Energy Information Administration (EIA) of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). NEMS can be used to analyze the effects of existing and proposed government laws and regulations related to energy production and use; the potential impact of new and advanced energy production, conversion, and consumption technologies; the impact and cost of greenhouse gas control; the impact of increased use of renewable energy sources; and the potential savings from increased efficiency of energy use; and the impact of regulations on the use of alternative or reformulated fuels. NEMS has also been used for a number of special analyses at the request of the Administration, U.S. Congress, other offices of DOE and other government agencies, who specify the scenarios and assumptions for the analysis. Modules allow analyses to be conducted in energy topic areas such as residential demand, industrial demand, electricity market, oil and gas supply, renewable fuels, etc.
The National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) is a computer modeling system that produces a general equilibrium solution for energy supply and demand in the US energy markets. The model achieves a supply and demand balance in the end-use demand regions, defined as the nine Census Divisions, by solving for the prices of each energy type such that the quantities producers are willing to supply equal the quantities consumers wish to consume. The system reflects market economics, industry structure, and energy policies and regulations that influence market behavior. The NEMS Integrating Module is the central integrating component of a complex modeling system. As such, a thorough understanding of its role in the modeling process can only be achieved by placing it in the proper context with respect to the other modules. To that end, this document provides an overview of the complete NEMS model, and includes brief descriptions of the modules with which the Integrating Module interacts. The emphasis and focus, however, is on the structure and function of the Integrating Module of NEMS.
Not Available
Availability of the National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) Archive.
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
Availability of the National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) Archive. NEMS has been developed primarily for use by the modelers at Energy Information
Investigation of residential central air conditioning load shapes in NEMS
This memo explains what Berkeley Lab has learned about how the residential central air-conditioning (CAC) end use is represented in the National Energy Modeling System (NEMS). NEMS is an energy model maintained by the Energy Information Administration (EIA) that is routinely used in analysis of energy efficiency standards for residential appliances. As part of analyzing utility and environmental impacts related to the federal rulemaking for residential CAC, lower-than-expected peak utility results prompted Berkeley Lab to investigate the input load shapes that characterize the peaky CAC end use and the submodule that treats load demand response. Investigations enabled a through understanding of the methodology by which hourly load profiles are input to the model and how the model is structured to respond to peak demand. Notably, it was discovered that NEMS was using an October-peaking load shape to represent residential space cooling, which suppressed peak effects to levels lower than expected. An apparent scaling down of the annual load within the load-demand submodule was found, another significant suppressor of the peak impacts. EIA promptly responded to Berkeley Lab's discoveries by updating numerous load shapes for the AEO2002 version of NEMS; EIA is still studying the scaling issue. As a result of this work, it was concluded that Berkeley Lab's customary end-use decrement approach was the most defensible way for Berkeley Lab to perform the recent CAC utility impact analysis. This approach was applied in conjunction with the updated AEO2002 load shapes to perform last year's published rulemaking analysis. Berkeley Lab experimented with several alternative approaches, including modifying the CAC efficiency level, but determined that these did not sufficiently improve the robustness of the method or results to warrant their implementation. Work in this area will continue in preparation for upcoming rulemakings for the other peak coincident end uses, commercial air conditioning and distribution transformers.
Hamachi LaCommare, Kristina; Marnay, Chris; Gumerman, Etan; Chan, Peter; Rosenquist, Greg; Osborn, Julie
Nanotribology and nanomechanics of MEMS/NEMS and BioMEMS/BioNEMS materials and devices
The micro/nanoelectromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS) need to be designed to perform expected functions typically in millisecond to picosecond range. Expected life of the devices for high speed contacts can vary from few hundred thousand to many billions ... Keywords: MEMS, NEMS, Nanomaterials characterization, Nanomechanics, Nanotechnology
Bharat Bhushan
An Algorithmic Argument for Nonadaptive Query Complexity Lower Bounds on Advised Quantum Computation
E-Print Network (OSTI)
This paper employs a powerful argument, called an algorithmic argument, to prove lower bounds of the quantum query complexity of a multiple-block ordered search problem in which, given a block number i, we are to find a location of a target keyword in an ordered list of the i-th block. Apart from much studied polynomial and adversary methods for quantum query complexity lower bounds, our argument shows that the multiple-block ordered search needs a large number of nonadaptive oracle queries on a black-box model of quantum computation that is also supplemented with advice. Our argument is also applied to the notions of computational complexity theory: quantum truth-table reducibility and quantum truth-table autoreducibility.
Harumichi Nishimura; Tomoyuki Yamakami
U.S. Regional Demand Forecasts Using NEMS and GIS
Forecasts Using NEMS and GIS National Climatic Data Center.with Changing Boundaries." Use of GIS to Understand Socio-Forecasts Using NEMS and GIS Appendix A. Map Results Gallery
Cohen, Jesse A.; Edwards, Jennifer L.; Marnay, Chris
NEMS may be addressed to the following analysts:
This publication is on the WEB at: www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/aeo/overview/index.html This report was prepared by the Energy Information Administration, the independent statistical and analytical agency within the U.S. Department of Energy. The information contained herein should be attributed to the Energy Information Administration and should not be construed as advocating or reflecting any policy position of the Department of Energy or any other organization. PREFACE The National Energy Modeling System: An Overview provides a summary description of the National Energy Modeling System (NEMS), which was used to generate the forecasts of energy production, demand, imports, and prices through the year 2020 for the Annual Energy Outlook 2000 (AEO2000), (DOE/EIA-0383(2000)), released in November 1999. AEO2000 presents national forecasts of energy markets for five cases�a reference case and four additional cases that assume higher and lower economic growth and higher and lower world oil prices than in the reference case. The Overview presents a brief description of the methodology and scope of each of the component modules of NEMS. The model documentation reports listed in the appendix of this document
An Overview; Aeo Susan H. Holte
Learning and cost reductions for generating technologies in the national energy modeling system (NEMS)
This report describes how Learning-by-Doing (LBD) is implemented endogenously in the National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) for generating plants. LBD is experiential learning that correlates to a generating technology's capacity growth. The annual amount of Learning-by-Doing affects the annual overnight cost reduction. Currently, there is no straightforward way to integrate and make sense of all the diffuse information related to the endogenous learning calculation in NEMS. This paper organizes the relevant information from the NEMS documentation, source code, input files, and output files, in order to make the model's logic more accessible. The end results are shown in three ways: in a simple spreadsheet containing all the parameters related to endogenous learning; by an algorithm that traces how the parameters lead to cost reductions; and by examples showing how AEO 2004 forecasts the reduction of overnight costs for generating technologies over time.
Gumerman, Etan; Marnay, Chris
Overview of NEMS-H2, Version 1.0
NLE Websites -- All DOE Office Websites (Extended Search)
NEMS-H2, Version 1.0 NEMS-H2, Version 1.0 Frances Wood OnLocation, Inc., Energy Systems Consulting (email@example.com) January 26, 2006 OnLocation, Inc., Energy Systems Consulting 2 Today's Presentation * Overview of NEMS-H2 Structure * Current Status * New Hydrogen Market Module (HMM) * Transportation Module Modifications * Preliminary Test Runs * Looking Ahead to Next Phase OnLocation, Inc., Energy Systems Consulting 3 NEMS Overview * The National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) was developed and is maintained by EIA - Annual Energy Outlook projections - Congressional as well as agency requests * NEMS has also been used extensively outside of EIA - Various National Laboratories studies - National Commission on Energy Policy - Program offices within DOE for R&D benefits estimation * Modular structure allows each sector to be represented by
of Residential Central Air Conditioning Load Shapes in NEMSof Residential Central Air Conditioning Load Shapes in NEMSof Residential Central Air Conditioning Load Shapes in NEMS
Appendix C: Map of NEMS Electricity Market Module Regions
Annual Energy Outlook 2012 (EIA)
U.S. Energy Information Administration | Analysis of Impacts of a Clean Energy Standard as requested by Chairman Bingaman Appendix C: Map of NEMS Electricity Market Module Regions...
Appendix C. Map of NEMS Electricity Market Module Regions
Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Update (EIA)
U.S. Energy Information Administration | Analysis of Impacts of a Clean Energy Standard as requested by Chairman Hall Appendix C. Map of NEMS Electricity Market Module Regions...
EIA Buildings Analysis of Consumer Behavior in NEMS
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) Indexed Site
Buildings Analysis of Consumer Buildings Analysis of Consumer Behavior in NEMS Behavioral Economics Experts Meeting July 17, 2013 | Washington, DC David Peterson Buildings Energy Consumption and Efficiency Analysis Overview Behavioral Economics Experts Meeting, Washington DC, July 17, 2013 2 * NEMS Structure * Housing/floorspace and service demand in Residential Demand Module (RDM) and Commercial Demand Module (CDM) * Market share calculation for equipment in RDM and CDM * Price responses / elasticities * Distributed generation (DG) & combined heat and power (CHP) NEMS Structure Behavioral Economics Experts Meeting, Washington DC, July 17, 2013 3 * Represents energy supply, conversion, and demand in a unified, but modular system * Detailed structural and process models in most energy sectors
National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) | Open Energy Information
Open Energy Info (EERE)
National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary LAUNCH TOOL Name: National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) Agency/Company /Organization: Energy Information Administration Sector: Energy Focus Area: Economic Development Phase: Develop Goals Topics: Policies/deployment programs Resource Type: Software/modeling tools User Interface: Desktop Application Website: www.eia.gov/oiaf/aeo/overview/index.html OpenEI Keyword(s): EERE tool, National Energy Modeling System, NEMS Language: English References: The National Energy Modeling System: An Overview[1] Project the production, imports, conversion, consumption, and prices of energy, subject to assumptions on macroeconomic and financial factors, world energy markets, resource availability and costs, behavioral and
Industrial Demand Module 1999, National Energy Modeling System (NEMS)
Reports and Publications (EIA)
This report documents the objectives, analytical approach, and development of the National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) Industrial Demand Model. The report catalogues and describes model assumptions, computational methodology, parameter estimation techniques, and model source code.
T. Crawford Honeycutt
Industrial Demand Module 2005, National Energy Modeling System (NEMS)
Documents the objectives, analytical approach, and development of the National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) Industrial Demand Model. The report catalogues and describes model assumptions, computational methodology, parameter estimation techniques, and model source code.
T. C. Honeycutt
Industrial Demand Module 2006, National Energy Modeling System (NEMS)
Industrial Demand Module 2009, National Energy Modeling System (NEMS)
Industrial Demand Module 2003, National Energy Modeling System (NEMS)
Industrial Demand Module 2007, National Energy Modeling System (NEMS)
Industrial Demand Module 2002, National Energy Modeling System (NEMS)
Industrial Demand Module 2001, National Energy Modeling System (NEMS)
Industrial Demand Module 2008, National Energy Modeling System (NEMS)
Industrial Demand Module 2000, National Energy Modeling System (NEMS)
Industrial Demand Module 2004, National Energy Modeling System (NEMS)
Comparison of Bottom-Up and Top-Down Forecasts: Vision Industry Energy Forecasts with ITEMS and NEMS
Comparisons are made of energy forecasts using results from the Industrial module of the National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) and an industrial economic-engineering model called the Industrial Technology and Energy Modeling System (ITEMS), a model developed for industrial energy analysis at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Although the results are mixed, generally ITEMS show greater penetration of energy efficient technologies and thus lower energy use, even though the business as usual forecasts for ITEMS uses a higher discount rate than NEMS uses.
Roop, J. M.; Dahowski, R. T
The National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) is a multi-sector, integrated model of the U.S. energy system put out by the Department of Energy's Energy Information Administration. NEMS is used to produce the annual 20-year forecast of U.S. energy use aggregated to the nine-region census division level. The research objective was to disaggregate this regional energy forecast to the county level for select forecast years, for use in a more detailed and accurate regional analysis of energy usage across the U.S. The process of disaggregation using a geographic information system (GIS) was researched and a model was created utilizing available population forecasts and climate zone data. The model's primary purpose was to generate an energy demand forecast with greater spatial resolution than what is currently produced by NEMS, and to produce a flexible model that can be used repeatedly as an add-on to NEMS in which detailed analysis can be executed exogenously with results fed back into the NEMS data flow. The methods developed were then applied to the study data to obtain residential and commercial electricity demand forecasts. The model was subjected to comparative and statistical testing to assess predictive accuracy. Forecasts using this model were robust and accurate in slow-growing, temperate regions such as the Midwest and Mountain regions. Interestingly, however, the model performed with less accuracy in the Pacific and Northwest regions of the country where population growth was more active. In the future more refined methods will be necessary to improve the accuracy of these forecasts. The disaggregation method was written into a flexible tool within the ArcGIS environment which enables the user to output the results in five year intervals over the period 2000-2025. In addition, the outputs of this tool were used to develop a time-series simulation showing the temporal changes in electricity forecasts in terms of absolute, per capita, and density of demand.
DOE Hydrogen Analysis Repository: NEMS-H2 (National Energy Modeling...
economic aspects of hydrogen production, delivery, and consumption. Keywords: Energy prices; emissions; production; imports; energy consumption; economic Purpose NEMS projects...
Analysis and Representation of Miscellaneous Electric Loads in NEMS -
Analysis and Representation of Miscellaneous Electric Loads in NEMS Analysis and Representation of Miscellaneous Electric Loads in NEMS Release date: January 6, 2014 Miscellaneous Electric Loads (MELs) comprise a growing portion of delivered energy consumption in residential and commercial buildings. Recently, the growth of MELs has offset some of the efficiency gains made through technology improvements and standards in major end uses such as space conditioning, lighting, and water heating. Miscellaneous end uses, including televisions, personal computers, security systems, data center servers, and many other devices, have continued to penetrate into building-related market segments. Part of this proliferation of devices and equipment can be attributed to increased service demand for entertainment, computing, and convenience appliances.
Industrial Demand Module 1998, National Energy Modeling System (NEMS)
This report documents the objectives, analytical approach, and development of the National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) Industrial Demand Model. The report catalogues and describes model assumptions, computational methodology, parameter estimation techniques, and model source code. This document serves three purposes. First, it is a reference document providing a detailed description ofthe NEMS Industrial Model for model analysts, users, and the public. Second, this report meets the legal requirement of the Energy Information Administration (EIA) to provide adequate documentation in supportof its models (Public Law 94-385, section 57.b2). Third, it facilitates continuity in model development by providing documentation from which energy analysts can undertake model enhancements, data updates, and parameter refinements as future projects.
A sensitivity analysis of the treatment of wind energy in the AEO99 version of NEMS
and maintenance (O&M) costs, renewable energy productionrenewable energy technologies are modeled becomes critical. The structure of NEMS makes cost
Osborn, Julie G.; Wood, Frances; Richey, Cooper; Sanders, Sandy; Short, Walter; Koomey, Jonathan
Nanoelectromechanical (NEM) relays integrated with CMOS SRAM for improved stability and low leakage
We present a hybrid nanoelectromechanical (NEM)/CMOS static random access memory (SRAM) cell, in which the two pull-down transistors of a conventional CMOS six transistor (6T) SRAM cell are replaced with NEM relays. This SRAM cell utilizes the infinite ...
Soogine Chong; Kerem Akarvardar; Roozbeh Parsa; Jun-Bo Yoon; Roger T. Howe; Subhasish Mitra; H.-S. Philip Wong
U.S. Regional Energy Demand Forecasts Using NEMS and GIS
LBNL-57955 U.S. Regional Energy Demand Forecasts Using NEMS and GIS Jesse A. Cohen, Jennifer L Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Planning, Budget, and Analysis of the U.S. Department of Energy-57955 U.S. Regional Energy Demand Forecasts Using NEMS and GIS Prepared for the Office of Planning
Nano-Electro-Mechanical (NEM) Relay Devices and Technology for Ultra-Low Energy Digital Integrated Circuits
Technology 3.1 Introduction Nano-electro-mechanical (NEM)improvements, a scaled nano-relay technology with optimizedNano-Electro-Mechanical (NEM) Relay Devices and Technology
Nathanael, Rhesa
Boron injection/dilution capabilities in TRACB/NEM coupled code
The coupled code TRAC-BF1/NEM is a thermal-hydraulic-neutronic code which allows transient simulations considering neutronic 3D and thermal-hydraulic process in multiple channels with one-dimensional geometry. TRAC-BF1 and NEM can be executed either in stand-alone mode, i.e. without coupling, as well as coupled. In stand-alone calculations NEM code is used without coupling and the thermal-hydraulic conditions (fuel temperature, moderator density and boron concentration) and xenon concentration for each node are taken from the SIMULATE3 output files. The NEM's source code has been modified to be able to read these conditions from external files when it is executed without being coupled. The coupling between TRAC-BF1 and NEM follows an integration scheme in which the thermal-hydraulic solution of TRAC-BF1 is sent to NEM to incorporate the feedback effects through the cross sections. TRAC-BF1 solves heat conduction equations inside of the heat structures using the 3D power distribution from NEM. The coupling is carried out through the communication protocol functions of PVM (Parallel Virtual Machine). The present article presents a study which constitutes an advance in the simulation of injection, transport and mix of boron in the reactor, increasing the capabilities of TRAC-BF1/NEM coupled code. This article shows the modifications introduced in the TRAC-BF1/NEM's source code to allow a more realistic simulation of boron injection transients. The qualification of these improvements in both codes is performed simulating a steady state of a generic BWR at nominal power. The results have been compared with SIMULATE3 which is used as a reference to obtain the cross sections through the SIMTAB methodology. (authors)
Jambrina, A.; Barrachina, T.; Miro, R.; Verdu, G. [Inst. for the Industrial, Radiophysical and Environmental Safety ISIRYM, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia UPV (Spain)
The National Energy Modeling System: An Overview 1998 - Overview of NEMS
OVERVIEW OF NEMS OVERVIEW OF NEMS blueball.gif (205 bytes) Major Assumptions blueball.gif (205 bytes) NEMS Modular Structure blueball.gif (205 bytes) Integrating Module NEMS represents domestic energy markets by explicitly representing the economic decisionmaking involved in the production, conversion, and consumption of energy products. For example, the penetration of a new or advanced technology for electricity generation is projected only if the technology is deemed to be economic when considering the cost-minimizing mix of fuels over the life of the equipment. Since energy costs and availability and energy- consuming characteristics can vary widely across regions, considerable regional detail is included. Other details of production and consumption categories are represented to
CNT-based MEMS/NEMS gas ionizers for portable mass spectrometry applications
We report the fabrication and experimental characterization of a carbon nanotube (CNT)-based MEMS/NEMS electron impact gas ionizer with an integrated extractor gate for portable mass spectrometry. The ionizer achieves ...
Velasquez-Heller, Luis Fernand
The National Energy Modeling System: An Overview 2000 - Overview of NEMS
NEMS represents domestic energy markets by explicitly representing the economic decision making involved in the production, conversion, and consumption of energy products. Where possible, NEMS includes explicit representation of energy technologies and their characteristics. NEMS represents domestic energy markets by explicitly representing the economic decision making involved in the production, conversion, and consumption of energy products. Where possible, NEMS includes explicit representation of energy technologies and their characteristics. Since energy costs and availability and energy-consuming characteristics can vary widely across regions, considerable regional detail is included. Other details of production and consumption categories are represented to facilitate policy analysis and ensure the validity of the results. A summary of the detail provided in NEMS is shown below. Summary Table Major Assumptions Each module of NEMS embodies many assumptions and data to characterize the future production, conversion, or consumption of energy in the United States. Two major assumptions concern economic growth in the United States and world oil prices, as determined by world oil supply and demand.
Workshop on Opportunities for Magnetism in MEMS/NEMS, April 16-17, 2010
Opportunities for Magnetism in MEMS/NEMS Opportunities for Magnetism in MEMS/NEMS Argonne National Laboratory - April 16-17, 2010 Sponsored by NSF, NIST and Argonne National Laboratory Friday, April 16 13:00 Welcome and Introduction Chair: John Moreland 13:10 Pritiraj Mohanty Boston University "Study of Spin Dynamics using Nanomechanics" 13:50 T. Mitch Wallis NIST, Boulder "Measurement of the Einstein-de Haas Effect with a Microcantilever" 14:30 Albrecht Jander Oregon State University "Application of Torques to Nanostructures using Ferromagnetic Resonance" 15:10 Coffee Break Chair: Dennis Greywall 15:30 Rassul Karabalin Caltech "Next-Generation NEMS Functionality Enable by Advances in Novel Materials"
Assessment and Suggestions to Improve the Commercial Building Module of EIA-NEMS
The National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) is a comprehensive, computer-based, energy-economy modeling system developed and maintained by the Department of Energy's Energy Information Administration (EIA). NEMS forecasts the national production, imports, conversion, consumption, and prices of energy out to 2015, subject to macroeconomic assumptions, world energy markets, resource availability and costs, technological developments, and behavioral and technological choice criteria. NEMS has nine program modules of which the Commercial Sector Demand (CSD) module is one. Currently the CSD module uses a matrix of Energy Use Intensities (EUls) gleaned from the 1989 CBECS database to model service demand per major fuel type for eight different geographic census divisions and eleven different building types.
O'Neal, D. L.
DOE Green Energy (OSTI)
Each year, the U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Information Administration (EIA) publishes a forecast of the domestic energy economy in the Annual Energy Outlook (AEO). During the forecast period of the AEO (currently through 2020), renewable energy technologies have typically not achieved significant growth. The contribution of renewable technologies as electric generators becomes more important, however, in scenarios analyzing greenhouse gas emissions reductions or significant technological advancements. We examined the economic assumptions about wind power used for producing forecasts with the National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) to determine their influence on the projected capacity expansion of this technology. This analysis should help illustrate to policymakers what types of issues may affect wind development, and improve the general understanding of the NEMS model itself. Figure 1 illustrates the model structure and factors relevant to wind deployment. We found that NEMS uses various cost multipliers and constraints to represent potential physical and economic limitations to growth in wind capacity, such as resource depletion, costs associated with rapid manufacturing expansion, and grid stability with high levels of capacity from intermittent resources. The model's flexibility allows the user to make alternative assumptions about the magnitude of these factors. While these assumptions have little effect on the Reference Case forecast for the 1999 edition of the AEO, they can make a dramatic difference when wind is more attractive, such as under a carbon permit trading system. With $100/ton carbon permits, the wind capacity projection for 2020 ranges from 15 GW in the unaltered model (AEO99 Reference Case) to 168 GW in the extreme case when all the multipliers and constraints examined in this study are removed. Furthermore, if modifications are made to the model allowing inter-regional transmission of electricity, wind capacity is forecast to reach 214 GW when all limitations are removed. The figures in the upper end of these ranges are not intended to be viewed as reasonable projections, but their magnitude illustrates the importance of the parameters governing the growth of wind capacity and resource availability in forecasts using NEMS. In addition, many uncertainties exist regarding these assumptions that potentially affect the growth of wind power. We suggest several areas in which to focus future research in order to better model the potential development of this resource. Because many of the assumptions related to wind in the model are also used for other renewable technologies, these suggestions could be applied to other renewable resources as well.
Osborn, Julie G; Wood, Frances; Richey, Cooper; Sanders, Sandy; Short, Walter; Koomey, Jonathan
Appendix E: Other NEMS-MP results for the base case and scenarios.
The NEMS-MP model generates numerous results for each run of a scenario. (This model is the integrated National Energy Modeling System [NEMS] version used for the Multi-Path Transportation Futures Study [MP].) This appendix examines additional findings beyond the primary results reported in the Multi-Path Transportation Futures Study: Vehicle Characterization and Scenario Analyses (Reference 1). These additional results are provided in order to help further illuminate some of the primary results. Specifically discussed in this appendix are: (1) Energy use results for light vehicles (LVs), including details about the underlying total vehicle miles traveled (VMT), the average vehicle fuel economy, and the volumes of the different fuels used; (2) Resource fuels and their use in the production of ethanol, hydrogen (H{sub 2}), and electricity; (3) Ethanol use in the scenarios (i.e., the ethanol consumption in E85 vs. other blends, the percent of travel by flex fuel vehicles on E85, etc.); (4) Relative availability of E85 and H2 stations; (5) Fuel prices; (6) Vehicle prices; and (7) Consumer savings. These results are discussed as follows: (1) The three scenarios (Mixed, (P)HEV & Ethanol, and H2 Success) when assuming vehicle prices developed through literature review; (2) The three scenarios with vehicle prices that incorporate the achievement of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) program vehicle cost goals; (3) The three scenarios with 'literature review' vehicle prices, plus vehicle subsidies; and (4) The three scenarios with 'program goals' vehicle prices, plus vehicle subsidies. The four versions or cases of each scenario are referred to as: Literature Review No Subsidies, Program Goals No Subsidies, Literature Review with Subsidies, and Program Goals with Subsidies. Two additional points must be made here. First, none of the results presented for LVs in this section include Class 2B trucks. Results for this class are included occasionally in Reference 1. They represent a small, though noticeable, segment of the 'LV plus 2B' market (e.g., a little more than 3% of today's energy use in that market). We generally do not include them in this discussion, simply because it requires additional effort to combine the NEMS-MP results for them with the results for the other LVs. (Where there is an exception, we will indicate so.) Second, where reference is made to E85, the ethanol content is actually 74%. The Energy Information Administration (EIA) assumes that, to address cold-starting issues, the percent of ethanol in E85 will vary seasonally. The EIA uses an annual average ethanol content of 74% in its forecasts. That assumption is maintained in the NEMS-MP scenario runs.
Plotkin, S. E.; Singh, M. K.; Energy Systems
Science and technology of piezoelectric/diamond heterostructures for monolithically integrated high performance MEMS/NEMS/CMOS devices.
This paper describes the fundamental and applied science performed to integrate piezoelectric PbZr{sub x}Ti{sub 1-x}O{sub 3} and AlN films with a novel mechanically robust ultrananocrystalline diamond layer to enable a new generation of low voltage/high-performance piezoactuated hybrid piezoelectric/diamond MEMS/NEMS devices.
Auciello, O.; Sumant, A. V.; Hiller, J.; Kabius, B.; Ma, Z.; Srinivasan, S. (Center for Nanoscale Materials); ( MSD); (Univ. of Wisconsin at Madison); (INTEL)
Estimating the environmental and economic effects of widespread residential PV adoption using GIS and NEMS
This paper describes a study of the national effects of widespread adoption of grid-connected residential rooftop photovoltaic (PV) systems. A Geographic Information System (GIS) model is used to estimate potential PV system adoption and PV electricity generation and the National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) is used to estimate the national effects of PV electricity generation. Adoption is assumed to occur if levelized PV system cost is less than the local average retail electricity rate at the country level. An estimate of the current {open_quotes}best{close_quotes} scenario (defined by a 6.5% real interest rate, 30-year loan life, $6{sub 1994}/W system cost, and $4{sub 1994}/month voluntary premium) results in no adoption. Several scenarios designed to stimulate PV adoption are modeled. As an example, if PV system costs are instead assumed to be $3{sub 1994}/W, rooftop systems are found to be cost effective in 16% of detached single-family households in the U.S. by 2015 (assuming full adoption of 4-kW systems), this results in 82.1 TWh of annual PV electricity generation, 170 TWh of avoided electricity transmission, distribution, and generation losses, 6 Mt/a of avoided carbon emissions, 50 kt/a of avoided NOx emissions, and 27.3 GW of avoided electricity generating capacity in place.
Marnay, C.; Richey, R.C.; Mahler, S.A. [and others
Multi-Path Transportation Futures Study: Vehicle Characterization and Scenario Analyses - Appendix E: Other NEMS-MP Results for the Base Case and Scenarios
Appendix E: Other NEMS-MP Results Appendix E: Other NEMS-MP Results for the Base Case and Scenarios Energy Systems Division Availability of This Report This report is available, at no cost, at http://www.osti.gov/bridge. It is also available on paper to the U.S. Department of Energy and its contractors, for a processing fee, from: U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information P.O. Box 62
Arctic Lower Troposphere Observed Structure (ALTOS)
Lower Troposphere Observed Structure (ALTOS) Lower Troposphere Observed Structure (ALTOS) will raise and lower a heavily instrumented tethered balloon system at regular intervals in the lower 2 kilometers of the atmosphere at Oliktok Point. Data obtained during the ALTOS campaign will provide a statistically significant set of observed in situ cloud properties for validating retrieval algorithms and help scientists reduce the uncertainty in the radiative forcing and heating rates on hourly time scales. The data will also help researchers gain a better understanding of the driving processes that control climate changes and determine the state of the Arctic climate system. Collaborators Science Team: The Pennsylvania State University, Stratton
Large-area low-temperature ultrananocrystaline diamond (UNCD) films and integration with CMOS devices for monolithically integrated diamond MEMD/NEMS-CMOS systems.
Because of exceptional mechanical, chemical, and tribological properties, diamond has a great potential to be used as a material for the development of high-performance MEMS and NEMS such as resonators and switches compatible with harsh environments, which involve mechanical motion and intermittent contact. Integration of such MEMS/NEMS devices with complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) microelectronics will provide a unique platform for CMOS-driven commercial MEMS/NEMS. The main hurdle to achieve diamond-CMOS integration is the relatively high substrate temperatures (600-800 C) required for depositing conventional diamond thin films, which are well above the CMOS operating thermal budget (400 C). Additionally, a materials integration strategy has to be developed to enable diamond-CMOS integration. Ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD), a novel material developed in thin film form at Argonne, is currently the only microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) grown diamond film that can be grown at 400 C, and still retain exceptional mechanical, chemical, and tribological properties comparable to that of single crystal diamond. We have developed a process based on MPCVD to synthesize UNCD films on up to 200 mm in diameter CMOS wafers, which will open new avenues for the fabrication of monolithically integrated CMOS-driven MEMS/NEMS based on UNCD. UNCD films were grown successfully on individual Si-based CMOS chips and on 200 mm CMOS wafers at 400 C in a MPCVD system, using Ar-rich/CH4 gas mixture. The CMOS devices on the wafers were characterized before and after UNCD deposition. All devices were performing to specifications with very small degradation after UNCD deposition and processing. A threshold voltage degradation in the range of 0.08-0.44V and transconductance degradation in the range of 1.5-9% were observed.
Sumant, A.V.; Auciello, O.; Yuan, H.-C; Ma, Z.; Carpick, R. W.; Mancini, D. C.; Univ. of Wisconsin; Univ. of Pennsylvania
NEMS Measurement Science
... approximately one third of all nanotechnology R&D [1] and ... will focus on the measurement science needed for ... this work, all of these results will be ...
Quantum Algorithms for Learning and Testing Juntas
In this article we develop quantum algorithms for learning and testing juntas, i.e. Boolean functions which depend only on an unknown set of k out of n ... Keywords: 03.67.-a, 03.67.Lx, Juntas, computational learning theory, lower bounds, quantum computation, quantum property testing, quantum query algorithms
Alp At?c?; Rocco A. Servedio
Dictionary preconditioning for greedy algorithms
This article introduces the concept of sensing dictionaries. It presents an alteration of greedy algorithms like thresholding or (Orthogonal) Matching Pursuit which improves their performance in finding sparse signal representations in redundant dictionaries while maintaining the same complexity. These algorithms can be split into a sensing and a reconstruction step, and the former will fail to identify correct atoms if the cumulative coherence of the dictionary is too high. We thus modify the sensing step by introducing a special sensing dictionary. The correct selection of components is then determined by the cross cumulative coherence which can be considerably lower than the cumulative coherence. We characterise the optimal sensing matrix and develop a constructive method to approximate it. Finally we compare the performance of thresholding and OMP using the original and modified algorithms.
Karin Schnass; Pierre Vandergheynst
Ensemble of niching algorithms
Although niching algorithms have been investigated for almost four decades as effective procedures to obtain several good and diverse solutions of an optimization problem, no effort has been reported on combining different niching algorithms to form ... Keywords: Clearing, Dynamic fitness sharing, Ensemble, Genetic algorithm, Multimodal optimization, Niching, Pattern search, Real-coded sequential niching memetic algorithm, Restricted competition selection, Restricted tournament selection, Spatially-structured evolutionary algorithm, Species conserving genetic algorithm
E. L. Yu; P. N. Suganthan
Automatic toilet seat lowering apparatus
DOE Patents (OSTI)
A toilet seat lowering apparatus includes a housing defining an internal cavity for receiving water from the water supply line to the toilet holding tank. A descent delay assembly of the apparatus can include a stationary dam member and a rotating dam member for dividing the internal cavity into an inlet chamber and an outlet chamber and controlling the intake and evacuation of water in a delayed fashion. A descent initiator is activated when the internal cavity is filled with pressurized water and automatically begins the lowering of the toilet seat from its upright position, which lowering is also controlled by the descent delay assembly. In an alternative embodiment, the descent initiator and the descent delay assembly can be combined in a piston linked to the rotating dam member and provided with a water channel for creating a resisting pressure to the advancing piston and thereby slowing the associated descent of the toilet seat. A toilet seat lowering apparatus includes a housing defining an internal cavity for receiving water from the water supply line to the toilet holding tank. A descent delay assembly of the apparatus can include a stationary dam member and a rotating dam member for dividing the internal cavity into an inlet chamber and an outlet chamber and controlling the intake and evacuation of water in a delayed fashion. A descent initiator is activated when the internal cavity is filled with pressurized water and automatically begins the lowering of the toilet seat from its upright position, which lowering is also controlled by the descent delay assembly. In an alternative embodiment, the descent initiator and the descent delay assembly can be combined in a piston linked to the rotating dam member and provided with a water channel for creating a resisting pressure to the advancing piston and thereby slowing the associated descent of the toilet seat.
Guerty, Harold G. (Palm Beach Gardens, FL)
Quantum Algorithms for Graph Problems -- A Survey
In this survey we give an overview about important methods to construct quantum algorithms and quantum lower bounds for graph problems. We show how to use these methods, and we give a summary about the quantum complexity of the most important graph problems. At the end of our paper, we give some interesting questions in this research area.
Sebastian D�rn
Lower Sioux Wind Feasibility & Development
This report describes the process and findings of a Wind Energy Feasibility Study (Study) conducted by the Lower Sioux Indian Community (Community). The Community is evaluating the development of a wind energy project located on tribal land. The project scope was to analyze the critical issues in determining advantages and disadvantages of wind development within the Community. This analysis addresses both of the Community's wind energy development objectives: the single turbine project and the Commerical-scale multiple turbine project. The main tasks of the feasibility study are: land use and contraint analysis; wind resource evaluation; utility interconnection analysis; and project structure and economics.
Minkel, Darin
Proceedings of the ASME 2011 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Systems,MEMS and NEMS
the efficiency of both cooling and power usage, across and within racks. To help implement spatially aware load and resource usage within and across racks, sense BladeCenter-level inlet temperatures, understand and manage on the CRAC supply temperature requirement compared to non-spatially aware techniques, which can lower
Lee, Hsien-Hsin "Sean"
Selective Sampling Using the Query by Committee Algorithm
We analyze the �query by committee� algorithm, a method for filtering informative queries from a random stream of inputs. We show that if the two-member committee algorithm achieves information gain with positive lower bound, then the ... Keywords: Bayesian Learning, experimental design, query learning, selective sampling
Yoav Freund; H. Sebastian Seung; Eli Shamir; Naftali Tishby
Reconstruction algorithms for MRI
This dissertation presents image reconstruction algorithms for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) that aims to increase the imaging efficiency. Algorithms that reduce imaging time without sacrificing the image quality and ...
Bilgic?, Berkin
Energy Science and Technology Software Center (OSTI)
002651IBMPC00 Algorithm for Accounting for the Interactions of Multiple Renewable Energy Technologies in Estimation of Annual Performance� �
Quantum Algorithm Zoo
... 27 Andrew M. Childs, Richard Cleve, Stephen P. Jordan, and David Yeung Discrete-query quantum algorithm for NAND trees. ...
Grover search algorithm
A quantum algorithm is a set of instructions for a quantum computer, however, unlike algorithms in classical computer science their results cannot be guaranteed. A quantum system can undergo two types of operation, measurement and quantum state transformation, operations themselves must be unitary (reversible). Most quantum algorithms involve a series of quantum state transformations followed by a measurement. Currently very few quantum algorithms are known and no general design methodology exists for their construction.
Borbely, Eva
Population Monte Carlo algorithms
We give a cross-disciplinary survey on ``population'' Monte Carlo algorithms. In these algorithms, a set of ``walkers'' or ``particles'' is used as a representation of a high-dimensional vector. The computation is carried out by a random walk and split/deletion of these objects. The algorithms are developed in various fields in physics and statistical sciences and called by lots of different terms -- ``quantum Monte Carlo'', ``transfer-matrix Monte Carlo'', ``Monte Carlo filter (particle filter)'',``sequential Monte Carlo'' and ``PERM'' etc. Here we discuss them in a coherent framework. We also touch on related algorithms -- genetic algorithms and annealed importance sampling.
Yukito IBA
SunShot Initiative: Lowering Barriers
Lowering Barriers to someone by Lowering Barriers to someone by E-mail Share SunShot Initiative: Lowering Barriers on Facebook Tweet about SunShot Initiative: Lowering Barriers on Twitter Bookmark SunShot Initiative: Lowering Barriers on Google Bookmark SunShot Initiative: Lowering Barriers on Delicious Rank SunShot Initiative: Lowering Barriers on Digg Find More places to share SunShot Initiative: Lowering Barriers on AddThis.com... Concentrating Solar Power Photovoltaics Systems Integration Balance of Systems Reducing Non-Hardware Costs Lowering Barriers Fostering Growth Lowering Barriers DOE is working to improve solar market conditions in order to create green jobs and increase the availability of clean, renewable energy for Americans. Efforts to promote favorable policies and encourage easier
Sampling Within k-Means Algorithm to Cluster Large Datasets
Due to current data collection technology, our ability to gather data has surpassed our ability to analyze it. In particular, k-means, one of the simplest and fastest clustering algorithms, is ill-equipped to handle extremely large datasets on even the most powerful machines. Our new algorithm uses a sample from a dataset to decrease runtime by reducing the amount of data analyzed. We perform a simulation study to compare our sampling based k-means to the standard k-means algorithm by analyzing both the speed and accuracy of the two methods. Results show that our algorithm is significantly more efficient than the existing algorithm with comparable accuracy. Further work on this project might include a more comprehensive study both on more varied test datasets as well as on real weather datasets. This is especially important considering that this preliminary study was performed on rather tame datasets. Also, these datasets should analyze the performance of the algorithm on varied values of k. Lastly, this paper showed that the algorithm was accurate for relatively low sample sizes. We would like to analyze this further to see how accurate the algorithm is for even lower sample sizes. We could find the lowest sample sizes, by manipulating width and confidence level, for which the algorithm would be acceptably accurate. In order for our algorithm to be a success, it needs to meet two benchmarks: match the accuracy of the standard k-means algorithm and significantly reduce runtime. Both goals are accomplished for all six datasets analyzed. However, on datasets of three and four dimension, as the data becomes more difficult to cluster, both algorithms fail to obtain the correct classifications on some trials. Nevertheless, our algorithm consistently matches the performance of the standard algorithm while becoming remarkably more efficient with time. Therefore, we conclude that analysts can use our algorithm, expecting accurate results in considerably less time.
Bejarano, Jeremy [Brigham Young University; Bose, Koushiki [Brown University; Brannan, Tyler [North Carolina State University; Thomas, Anita [Illinois Institute of Technology; Adragni, Kofi [University of Maryland; Neerchal, Nagaraj [University of Maryland; Ostrouchov, George [ORNL
Cryptographic Hash Algorithm Competition
... NIST opened a public competition on November 2, 2007 to develop a new cryptographic hash algorithm, which converts a variable length message ...
Lower bound techniques for data structures
We describe new techniques for proving lower bounds on data-structure problems, with the following broad consequences: * the first [omega](lg n) lower bound for any dynamic problem, improving on a bound that had been ...
P?tra?cu, Mihai
EIA lowers forecast for summer gasoline prices
EIA lowers forecast for summer gasoline prices U.S. gasoline prices are expected to be lower this summer than previously thought. The price for regular gasoline this summer is now...
US eggs now lower in cholesterol
According to new nutrition data from the US Department of Agriculture�s Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), eggs are lower in cholesterol than previously believed. US eggs now lower in cholesterol Inform Magazine Inform Archives Health Nutrition
Designing Effective Algorithm Visualizations
Advances in computing technology and the aordability of software and high-performance graphics hardware enabled rapid growth of visual tools. Today, not only very expensive workstations, but also low-cost PCs are capable of running computationally demanding visualization systems. Algorithm visualizations or the graphic depiction of algorithms in execution have been used in explaining, designing and analyzing algorithms since the early 1980s. Although many tools have been developed over the past twenty years, not enough attention has been paid to the analysis of users, their needs, tasks, and goals. This paper provides an overview of algorithm visualization techniques, based on the premise that a rethinking of algorithm animation design is required in order to harness its power for enhancing learning. More information about the topic can be found on the author's web page. 1
Sami Khuri
Winter Energy Savings from Lower Thermostat Settings
This discussion provides details on the effect of lowering thermostat settings during the winter heating months of 1997.
Information Center
Motif Discovery Using Evolutionary Algorithms
The bacterial foraging optimization (BFO) algorithm is a nature and biologically inspired computing method. We propose an alternative solution integrating bacterial foraging optimization algorithm and tabu search (TS) algorithm namely TS-BFO. We modify ...
Linlin Shao; Yuehui Chen; Ajith Abraham
Jefferson Lab Science Series - Lowering the Boom!
with Earth) Science Series Video Archive Next Video (Environmental Impact of Global Burning) Environmental Impact of Global Burning Lowering the Boom Dr. Christine Darden -...
Lower railroad energy consumption reflects improved efficiency ...
Electricity. Sales, revenue and prices, power plants, fuel use, stocks, generation, ... Tonnage moved in 2012 was significantly lower than the 2006 ...
Lowering Barriers DOE is working to improve solar market conditions in order to create green jobs and increase the availability of clean, renewable energy for Americans. Efforts to...
The quadratic minimum spanning tree problem: A lower bounding procedure and an efficient search algorithm
In this paper we consider the quadratic minimum spanning tree problem (QMSTP) which is known to be NP-hard. Given a complete graph, the QMSTP consists of finding a minimum spanning tree (MST) where interaction costs between pairs of edges are prescribed. ... Keywords: Lagrangian relaxation, Local search, Quadratic minimum spanning tree problem
Temel �ncan; Abraham P. Punnen
Development Of A Power Efficient Image Coding Algorithm Based On Integer Wavelet Transform
A novel algorithm for very high compression of grayscale images presenting features that lead to power efficient implementations is proposed. A simple methodology based on a hierarchical three- stage exploration of the algorithmic design space has been adopted for the conception of the algorithm. The proposed algorithm is based on an integer wavelet transform, which is much more efficient in terms of data storage and transfer compared to the widely used real wavelet transforms. For the coding of the coefficients of the wavelet transform fractal techniques using small size computationally generated codebooks are applied. The performance of the proposed algorithm is comparable to or better than that of existing standard algorithms. It is estimated using state-ofthe -art high-level power estimation techniques that the proposed algorithm achieves lower power consumption by several times compared to existing standard algorithms. 1.
Masselos Karayiannis Andreopoulos; K. Masselos; Y. Karayiannis; I. Andreopoulos; T. Stouraitis
Assignment #1: Developing Algorithms
The purpose of this assignment is to give you some experience developing algorithms. According to Wikipedia, an algorithm is �a finite list of well-defined instructions for accomplishing some task that, given an initial state, will terminate in a defined end-state � [1]. 1. Consider the following initial state: � A bag containing sliced bread � A jar containing peanut butter � A jar containing jelly � A plastic knife Develop an algorithm for producing, as an end-state, a peanut butter and jelly sandwich. Be as precise as possible when developing your list of instructions. 2 Hand-In Instructions The assignment is due at the start of class on August 27 th. You are required to turn in a typed document. The document should include your name, your username, the date, the course number, and the assignment number. For example:
Andrew R. Dalton; Andy Dalton (adalton
Laser action by optically depumping lower states
A method and apparatus are described for obtaining laser action between an upper energy level and a lower energy level of a gaseous medium. The upper energy level is populated to some degree (short of achieving a conventional inverted population) by any suitable pumping means, and an inverted population is established by transiently and selectively depumping the lower energy level. The depumping may be done by exposing the medium to an intense source of radiation which selectively causes the transformation of the lower energy level species to some other energy level. Thus, a thermally pumped/optically depumped gas laser system is produced.
Krupke, W.F.
LLNL's NeMS: Network Mapping System
High Performance Computing Innovation Center (Building 6475)located in LLNL's Livermore Valley Open Campus (LVOC) Seating is limited, Pre-registration ...
Extrapolating Environmental Benefits from IGCC in NEMS
August 2008 (April August 2008 (April 2009 Revision) DOE/NETL-402/080108 Water Requirements for Existing and Emerging Thermoelectric Plant Technologies Disclaimer This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference therein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or
Lower Saccharide Nanometric Materials and Methods
A ceramic composition having at least one nanometric ceramic powder, at least one lower saccharide, and water. The composition is useful in many industrial applications, including preparation of stronger and substantially defect free green and sintered ceramic bodies.
Schilling, Christopher H.; Tomasik, Piotr; Sikora, Marek
MAAP5 Lower Plenum Model Status
This report describes the current physical models that are being used in the Modular Accident Analysis Program (MAAP) for predicting various phenomena in the lower plenum. MAAP is an EPRI-owned and -licensed computer program that simulates the operation of light water and heavy water moderated nuclear power plants for both current and advanced light water reactor (ALWR) designs.In the report, the physical models and the MAAP5 code structure for various phenomena in the lower plenum ...
Classification of Tropical Precipitating Systems Using Wind Profiler Spectral Moments. Part I: Algorithm Description and Validation
The lower atmospheric wind profiler (LAWP) measurements made at Gadanki, India, have been used to develop an objective algorithm to classify the tropical precipitating systems. A detailed investigation on the existing classification scheme ...
T. Narayana Rao; N. V. P. Kirankumar; B. Radhakrishna; D. Narayana Rao; K. Nakamura
RFCM: A Hybrid Clustering Algorithm Using Rough and Fuzzy Sets
A hybrid unsupervised learning algorithm, termed as rough-fuzzy c-means, is proposed in this paper. It comprises a judicious integration of the principles of rough sets and fuzzy sets. While the concept of lower and upper approximations of rough sets ... Keywords: Pattern recognition, clustering, data mining, fuzzy c-means, rough sets
Pradipta Maji; Sankar K. Pal
Algorithms for Gene Clustering Analysis on Genomes
The increased availability of data in biological databases provides many opportunities for understanding biological processes through these data. As recent attention has shifted from sequence analysis to higher-level analysis of genes across multiple genomes, there is a need to develop efficient algorithms for these large-scale applications that can help us understand the functions of genes. The overall objective of my research was to develop improved methods which can automatically assign groups of functionally related genes in large-scale data sets by applying new gene clustering algorithms. Proposed gene clustering algorithms that can help us understand gene function and genome evolution include new algorithms for protein family classification, a window-based strategy for gene clustering on chromosomes, and an exhaustive strategy that allows all clusters of small size to be enumerated. I investigate the problems of gene clustering in multiple genomes, and define gene clustering problems using mathematical methodology and solve the problems by developing efficient and effective algorithms. For protein family classification, I developed two supervised classification algorithms that can assign proteins to existing protein families in public databases and, by taking into account similarities between the unclassified proteins, allows for progressive construction of new families from proteins that cannot be assigned. This approach is useful for rapid assignment of protein sequences from genome sequencing projects to protein families. A comparative analysis of the method to other previously developed methods shows that the algorithm has a higher accuracy rate and lower mis-classification rate when compared to algorithms that are based on the use of multiple sequence alignments and hidden Markov models. The proposed algorithm performs well even on families with very few proteins and on families with low sequence similarity. Apart from the analysis of individual sequences, identifying genomic regions that descended from a common ancestor helps us study gene function and genome evolution. In distantly related genomes, clusters of homologous gene pairs serve as evidence used in function prediction, operon detection, etc. Thus, reliable identification of gene clusters is critical to functional annotation and analysis of genes. I developed an efficient gene clustering algorithm that can be applied on hundreds of genomes at the same time. This approach allows for large-scale study of evolutionary relationships of gene clusters and study of operon formation and destruction. By placing a stricter limit on the maximum cluster size, I developed another algorithm that uses a different formulation based on constraining the overall size of a cluster and statistical estimates that allow direct comparisons of clusters of different size. A comparative analysis of proposed algorithms shows that more biological insight can be obtained by analyzing gene clusters across hundreds of genomes, which can help us understand operon occurrences, gene orientations and gene rearrangements.
Yi, Gang Man
Genetic algorithms and artificial life
Genetic algorithms are computational models of evolution that play a central role in many artificial-life models. We review the history and current scope of research on genetic algorithms in artificial life, giving illustrative examples in which the ...
Melanie Mitchell; Stephanie Forrest
Fast Conversion Algorithms for Orthogonal Polynomials - Computer ...
Nov 13, 2008 ... a known conversion algorithm from an arbitrary orthogonal basis to the ... Fast algorithms, transposed algorithms, basis conversion, orthogonal.
Optimization Online - ALGORITHM & DOCUMENTATION: MINRES ...
Jan 12, 2013 ... ALGORITHM & DOCUMENTATION: MINRES-QLP for Singular Symmetric and Hermitian Linear Equations and Least-Squares Problems.
Algorithm Shootout: R versus RHMC
We present initial results comparing the RHMC and R algorithms on large lattices with small quark masses using chiral fermions. We also present results concerning staggered fermions near the deconfinement/chiral phase transition. We find that the RHMC algorithm not only eliminates the step-size error of the R algorithm, but is also considerably more efficient. We discuss several possibilities for further improvement to the RHMC algorithm.
M. A. Clark; Ph. de Forcrand; A. D. Kennedy
Generalization of vapor pressure lowering effects in an existing geothermal simulator
Thermodynamic properties of pore water are shown to be different from those of bulk water because of interfacial forces between the aqueous and solid phases. This {open_quotes}vapor-pressure lowering{close_quotes} (VPL) effect is described through Kelvin`s equation, which relates VPL to properties of the liquid phase. An algorithm that accounts for VPL had previously been implented in the geothermal simulator TETRAD. This algorithm applies to a narrow range of reservoir properties, and in some cases leads in inconsistencies. This report presents a generalization of the VPL algorithm which removes many of its limitations. The governing equations for the generalization are presented, assumptions and limitations of the method are discussed, and the modifications are validated.
Shook, G.M.
Quantum Algorithm for Computing the Period Lattice of an Infrastructure
We present a quantum algorithm for computing the period lattice of infrastructures of fixed dimension. The algorithm applies to infrastructures that satisfy certain conditions. The latter are always fulfilled for infrastructures obtained from global fields, i.e., algebraic number fields and function fields with finite constant fields, as described in [Fon11]. The first of our main contributions is a rigorous and complete proof that the running time of the algorithm is polynomial in the logarithm of the determinant of the period lattice and exponential in the dimension n. The second main contribution is the determination of an explicit lower bound on the success probability of our algorithm which improves on the bounds given in the works of Hallgren and Schmidt and Vollmer. The exponential scaling seems inevitable because the best currently known methods for carrying out fundamental arithmetic operations in infrastructures obtained from algebraic number fields take exponential time. In contrast, the problem of...
Fontein, Felix
A penalized fuzzy clustering algorithm
In this paper, we propose a penalized inter-cluster separation (PICS) fuzzy clustering algorithm by adding a penalty term to the inter-cluster separation (ICS) algorithm. Numerical comparisons are made for several fuzzy clustering algorithms according ... Keywords: fuzzy c-means (FCM), fuzzy clustering, image segmentation, inter-cluster separation (ICS), magnetic resonance image (MRI), penalized ICS
Miin-Shen Yang; Wen-Liang Hung; Chia-Hsuan Chang
Errors in graph embedding algorithms
One major area of difficulty in developing an algorithm for embedding a graph on a surface is handling bridges which have more than one possible placement. This paper addresses a number of published algorithms where this has not been handled correctly. ... Keywords: Algorithm, Graph embedding, Graph genus, Torus
Wendy Myrvold; William Kocay
Order acceptance using genetic algorithms
This paper uses a genetic algorithm to solve the order-acceptance problem with tardiness penalties. We compare the performance of a myopic heuristic and a genetic algorithm, both of which do job acceptance and sequencing, using an upper bound based on ... Keywords: Genetic algorithms, Order acceptance, Scheduling
Walter O. Rom; Susan A. Slotnick
Lower Hybrid to Whistler Wave Conversion
In this presentation we discuss recent work concerning the conversion of whistler waves to lower hybrid waves (as well as the inverse process). These efforts have been motivated by the issue of attenuation of upward propagating whistler waves in the ionosphere generated by VLF transmitters on the ground, i.e., the 'Starks 20 db' problem, which affects the lifetimes of energetic electrons trapped in the geomagnetic field at low magnetic altitude (L). We discuss recent fluid and kinetic plasma simulations as well as ongoing experiments at UCLA to quantify linear and nonlinear mode conversion of lower hybrid to whistler waves.
Winske, Dan [Los Alamos National Laboratory
VLF heating of the lower ionosphere
A controlled wave-injection experiment with a 28.5 kHz transmitter having a radiated power of 100 kW has revealed evidence of ionospheric heating by the VLF waves. Calculations indicate that the observed effect can be attributed to the absorption of wave energy in the lower ionosphere, which is estimated to result in a 30% enhancement in the collision frequency at 85 km. This process also represents a new means of direct coupling of lightning energy to the lower ionosphere.
Inan, U.S. (Stanford Univ., CA (USA))
Comments of the Lower Colorado River Authority | Department of...
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)) Indexed Site
Lower Colorado River Authority Comments of the Lower Colorado River Authority Comments of the Lower Colorado River Authority on Implementing the National Broadband Plan by Studying...
Lower Snake River I | Open Energy Information
Lower Snake River I Lower Snake River I Jump to: navigation, search Name Lower Snake River I Facility Lower Snake River I Sector Wind energy Facility Type Commercial Scale Wind Facility Status In Service Owner Puget Sound Energy Developer Puget Sound Energy Energy Purchaser Puget Sound Energy Location South of Pomeroy and north of Pataha Creek in Garfield County Coordinates 46.375632°, -117.703257° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":46.375632,"lon":-117.703257,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Modeling Interregional Transmission Congestion in the National Energy Modeling System
Validating LBNL-NEMS Electricity Prices and Loads A directB. Appendix C. Validating NEMS Electricity Prices andcan lead to lower electricity prices and less frequent power
Gumerman, Etan; Chan, Peter; Lesieutre, Bernard; Marnay, Chris; Wang, Juan
Study of Proposed Internet Congestion Control Algorithms*
... Algorithms* Kevin L. Mills, NIST (joint ... Page 2. Study of Proposed Internet Congestion Control Algorithms � Mills et al. Innovations ...
Dictionary Design Algorithms for Vector Map Compression
TThe enormous size of vector maps and limited storage available in hand-held devices... The cluster centroids obtained becomes our dictionary. Based on this dictionary, we encode the vector dataset that we obtained earlier. Since each vector would now be assigned to a particular cluster, that vector would now be represented in terms of a reference to that cluster's centroid entry in the dictionary. We formally show that this proposed dictionary construction approach often yields a lower error of approximation than the error from conventional fixed dictionary techniques. Experimental results with a road map representing the major US Highways confirm the superiority of the proposed method in yielding lower errors of approximations for a fixed size dictionary [1]. In our future work we would like to experiment on different differential vector schemes. The general purpose clustering algorithm aims at minimizing the total square error. When a user tolerant accuracy level for each road segment is specified, the clustering algorithm needs to be modified to meet this requirement.
Shashi Shekhar; Yan Huang; Judy Djugash
Algorithmic information theory
We introduce algorithmic information theory, also known as the theory of Kolmogorov complexity. We explain the main concepts of this quantitative approach to defining `information'. We discuss the extent to which Kolmogorov's and Shannon's information theory have a common purpose, and where they are fundamentally different. We indicate how recent developments within the theory allow one to formally distinguish between `structural' (meaningful) and `random' information as measured by the Kolmogorov structure function, which leads to a mathematical formalization of Occam's razor in inductive inference. We end by discussing some of the philosophical implications of the theory.
Grunwald, Peter D
Study of Lower Emittance Lattices for SPEAR3
We study paths to significantly reduce the emittance of the SPEAR3 storage ring. Lattice possibilities are explored with the GLASS technique. New lattices are designed and optimized for practical dynamic aperture and beam lifetime. Various techniques are employed to optimize the nonlinear dynamics, including the Elegant-based genetic algorithm. Experimental studies are also carried out on the ring to validate the lattice design. The SPEAR3 storage ring is a third generation light source which has a racetrack layout with a circumference of 234.1 m. The requirement to maintain the photon beamline positions put a significant constraint on the lattice design. Consequently the emittance of SPEAR3 is not on par with some of the recently-built third generation light sources. The present operational lattice has an emittance of 10 nm. For the photon beam brightness of SSRL to remain competitive among the new or upgraded ring-based light sources, it is necessary to significantly reduce the emittance of SPEAR3. In this paper we report our ongoing effort to develop a lower emittance solution for SSRL. We first show the potential of the SPEAR3 lattice with results of the standard cell study using the GLASS technique. This is followed by a discussion of the design strategy for full-ring linear lattices. Several lattice options are compared. We then show the methods and results for dynamic aperture optimization. Experiments were also conducted on the SPEAR3 ring to implement the lattice and to measure the key lattice parameters.
Huang, Xiaobiao; Nosochkov, Yuri; Safranek, James A.; Wang, Lanfa; /SLAC
Multisensor data fusion algorithm development
This report presents a two-year LDRD research effort into multisensor data fusion. We approached the problem by addressing the available types of data, preprocessing that data, and developing fusion algorithms using that data. The report reflects these three distinct areas. First, the possible data sets for fusion are identified. Second, automated registration techniques for imagery data are analyzed. Third, two fusion techniques are presented. The first fusion algorithm is based on the two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform. Using test images, the wavelet algorithm is compared against intensity modulation and intensity-hue-saturation image fusion algorithms that are available in commercial software. The wavelet approach outperforms the other two fusion techniques by preserving spectral/spatial information more precisely. The wavelet fusion algorithm was also applied to Landsat Thematic Mapper and SPOT panchromatic imagery data. The second algorithm is based on a linear-regression technique. We analyzed the technique using the same Landsat and SPOT data.
Yocky, D.A.; Chadwick, M.D.; Goudy, S.P.; Johnson, D.K.
??An oil-life algorithm to calculate the remaining percentage of oil life is presented as a means to determine the right time to change the oil� (more)
Bommareddi, Anveshan
Lowering Power using the Voltage Identification Bit
Voltage identification is a form of adaptive voltage scaling (AVS). The voltage-identification technique described in this application note enables certain devices in the Virtex�-7 family to be operated at a lower voltage of 0.9V while delivering the same specified performance as that of a device operating at the nominal supply voltage of 1.0V. Voltage identification capable devices consume approximately 30 % lower worst case (maximum) static power and correspondingly dissipate less heat. Reduced power consumption is a desirable characteristic and one that Xilinx 7 series FPGAs fulfill in multiple ways. The primary purpose of the voltage-identification technique is to reduce the worst-case power consumption of-1C devices. However, the significance of the voltage-identification technique goes beyond an individual device dissipating less energy, it also can lower the overall system cost. Power supplies and thermal management requirements are normally specified based on the worst-case power demands of all the system�s components. Although the 7 series FPGAs-1C devices are the most cost-effective, the total cost of a product is the sum of all parts, and costs associated with the power supply and thermal management can be significant. The voltage-identification technique specifically reduces worst-case power consumption, which reduces the overall costs associated with specifying a larger power supply, requiring a heat sink, adding forced air cooling, or including similar devices. This application note shows the technical aspects of implementing the voltage-identification technique and introduces a reference design for the VC707 evaluation kit. It also explains how voltage identification fits into the complete power portfolio of Virtex-7 FPGAs and highlights the benefits of using the voltage-identification technique to reduce power consumption and system costs.
Ken Chapman; Jameel Hussein
Pulverizer performance upgrades lower fuel costs
Between 2002 and 2005, combustion equipment modifications were carried out at St. Johns River Power Plant in Jacksonville, FL. The effort succeeded in obtaining the desired emission reductions and to increase petroleum coke consumption. Since 2005 the boilers typically fired a blend of 70% Colombia coal and 30% delayed petroleum coke. To realize significant fuel savings, the pulverizer capacity was increased by 14% to allow a lower grade coal to be used. The article describes the changes made to the pulverizer to allow 11,800 Btu/pound coal to be burnt, with annual savings of $6.3 m beginning in 2006. 4 figs., 1 tab.
Hansen, T.
Lower crude oil prices to help push down gasoline pricesLower...
down from the average 3.63 a gallon U.S. drivers paid in 2012. Expected lower crude oil prices, which account for about two-thirds of the cost of gasoline, will help push...
Lower Cost CPV 3-Sun Mirror Modules
In a series of patent applications filed between 2002 and 2005, JX Crystals Inc described a evolutionary lower-cost low-concentration planar solar photovoltaic module that uses multiple linear rows of silicon cells and standard one-sun circuit laminations incorporating glass and EVA weather proofing encapsulations. The three novel features that we described are interdependent and integrated together to yield lower cost PV modules. These 3 novel features are: (1) The use of rows of linear mirrors or linear Fresnel lenses aligned with the cell rows and concentrating the sunlight onto the cell rows. (2) The addition of a thin aluminum sheet heat spreader on the back of the circuit lamination to spread the heat away from the cell rows so that the cell operating temperature remains acceptably low. (3) The incorporation of slots in the back of the aluminum sheet heat spreader to accommodate the differences in thermal expansion between the silicon cells, the glass, and the aluminum so that the circuit interconnectivity is maintained over time. Various embodiments of this planar linear concentrator panel are shown in figures 1 to 5. Figures 1 and 2 show the original planar linear concentrator module concept from July of 2002 with either mirrors (figure 1) or linear Fresnel lenses (figure 2). The idea was expanded in 2003 with the idea of an aluminum sheet heat spreader added to the back of a standard PV circuit lamination as shown in figure 3. In 2003, we also transitioned from half cells to third cells using SunPower cells as shown in figure 4. JX Crystals Inc then received funding for the 3-sun PV mirror module concept from the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission in 2003 and from the Shanghai Flower Port and the Shanghai Import and Export Trading Company in 2005. This funding led to a 800 panel pilot production run of our JX Crystals designed 3-sun module in 2006. 672 of these panels were installed in a 100 kW demonstration and an additional 24 panels were installed in a second 4 kW demonstration both at the Flower Port in Shanghai. Both of these systems were completed in 2006. Our 3-sun PV Panel concept has been described previously (see references 1, 2, & 3 available at www.jxcrystals.com under publication tab). We are now interested in bringing this potentially lower cost 3-sun technology back to the US. For any new technology, three issues need to be addressed. They are performance, durability, and cost. These topics are addressed in the next 3 sections.
Fraas, Dr. Lewis [JX Crystals, Inc.; Avery, James E. [JX Crystals, Inc.; Minkin, Leonid M [ORNL; Huang, H, [JX Crystals, Inc.; Gehl, Anthony C [ORNL; Maxey, L Curt [ORNL
predecessors to forecast stock prices and manage portfolios for approximately 3 years.) We examineFINANCIAL FORECASTING USING GENETIC ALGORITHMS SAM MAHFOUD and GANESH MANI LBS Capital Management entitled Genetic Algorithms for Inductive Learning). Time-series forecasting is a special type
Boetticher, Gary D.
Evaluating learning algorithms and classifiers
We analyse 18 evaluation methods for learning algorithms and classifiers, and show how to categorise these methods with the help of an evaluation method taxonomy based on several criteria. We also define a formal framework that make it possible to describe ... Keywords: classification, classifiers, evaluation methods, learning algorithms, supervised learning, taxonomy
Niklas Lavesson; Paul Davidsson
Lower Colorado River Authority | Open Energy Information
River Authority River Authority Jump to: navigation, search Name Lower Colorado River Authority Place Texas Utility Id 11269 Utility Location Yes Ownership S NERC Location TRE NERC ERCOT Yes ISO Ercot Yes Operates Generating Plant Yes Activity Generation Yes Activity Transmission Yes Activity Buying Transmission Yes Activity Distribution Yes Activity Bundled Services Yes Alt Fuel Vehicle Yes Alt Fuel Vehicle2 Yes References EIA Form EIA-861 Final Data File for 2010 - File1_a[1] LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. Utility Rate Schedules Grid-background.png No rate schedules available. Average Rates No Rates Available References ↑ "EIA Form EIA-861 Final Data File for 2010 - File1_a"
Lower Cost, Higher Performance Carbon Fiber
David (Dave) Warren David (Dave) Warren Field Technical Manager Transportation Materials Research Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2009, M/S 8050 Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-8050 Phone: 865-574-9693 Fax: 865-574-0740 Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Lower Cost, Higher Performance Carbon Fiber 14 February 2011 2 Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Presentation_name Questions for Today Materials How can the cost of carbon fiber suitable for higher performance applications (H 2 Storage) be developed? H 2 Storage requirements implies Aerospace grade fibers. Can we build off of work previously done for more modest structural applications? To accurately answer: We need to know the minimum performance and maximum cost requirements of the fiber not simply the properties of current fiber.
Vapor-pressure lowering in geothermal systems
The water vapor-pressure lowering phenomenon in porous media was investigated for a range of temperatures by measuring vapor pressure vs. mass of water adsorbed in consolidated sandstone cores and unconsolidated silica sands. Experimental results showed that the mass of water adsorbed on the rock surface is much more than the amount of pore steam. Results also revealed that the water adsorption is caused mainly by micropores in the porous medium. Measurement of the mass of methane and ethane adsorbed on dry rocks showed that the amount of adsorption is not great in comparison with the pore gas. It was found that adsorption data for water/sandstone core studies could be normalized with respect to temperature. Although this appears not to have been reported previously, it does agree in principle with findings for solid powders with micropores. Another interesting result was that reanalysis of previous studies of capillarity in sandstones indicates that experimental data probably were influenced mostly by adsorption.
Hsieh, C.H.; Ramey, H.J. Jr.
Light water reactor lower head failure analysis
This document presents the results from a US Nuclear Regulatory Commission-sponsored research program to investigate the mode and timing of vessel lower head failure. Major objectives of the analysis were to identify plausible failure mechanisms and to develop a method for determining which failure mode would occur first in different light water reactor designs and accident conditions. Failure mechanisms, such as tube ejection, tube rupture, global vessel failure, and localized vessel creep rupture, were studied. Newly developed models and existing models were applied to predict which failure mechanism would occur first in various severe accident scenarios. So that a broader range of conditions could be considered simultaneously, calculations relied heavily on models with closed-form or simplified numerical solution techniques. Finite element techniques-were employed for analytical model verification and examining more detailed phenomena. High-temperature creep and tensile data were obtained for predicting vessel and penetration structural response.
Rempe, J.L.; Chavez, S.A.; Thinnes, G.L. [EG and G Idaho, Inc., Idaho Falls, ID (United States)] [and others
I Lower Yakima Valley Wetlands and Riparian
I I Lower Yakima Valley Wetlands and Riparian - Restoration Project \ , Final Environmental Assessment DOENo. 0941 c Bonneville Power kdmi.nistration, Yakama Indian Nation, Bureawof Indian Affairs % J e;r%mBlYTlON OF THIS DOCUMENT IS UNLIMITED DISCLAIMER This report was .prepared as a n account of work sponsored by an agency of t h e United States Government. Neither t h e United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, express or implied, or assumes a n y legal liability or responsibility for t h e accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial
Lower Valley Energy Inc | Open Energy Information
Jump to: navigation, search Jump to: navigation, search Name Lower Valley Energy Inc Place Idaho Utility Id 11273 References Energy Information Administration.[1] LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. Utility Rate Schedules Grid-background.png C-1 Small Commercial Commercial C-2 Large Power Service Commercial I-1 Small Irrigation Service Commercial I-2 Large Irrigation Service Commercial I-3 Small Irrigation Optional Commercial L-1 Street and Yard Light Service-100W Sodium Vapor Lighting L-1 Street and Yard Light Service-175W Sodium Vapor Lighting L-1 Street and Yard Light Service-200W Sodium Vapor Lighting L-1 Street and Yard Light Service-250W Sodium Vapor Lighting L-1 Street and Yard Light Service-400W Sodium Vapor Lighting
Cultural Relations of the Gila River and Lower Colorado Tribes
OF THE GILA RIVER AND LOWER COLORADO TRIBES Included in theGila River and Lower Colorado Tribes" by Professor Leslieof the Yumans on the Lower Colorado, but that the Pima, at
Gifford, Edward Winslow
The Finescale Response of Lowered ADCP Velocity Profiles
Lowered acoustic Doppler current profiler (LADCP) velocity profiles are compared with simultaneous higher-resolution expendable current profiler (XCP) profiles to determine the lowered ADCP's response at short wavelengths. Although lowered ADCP ...
Kurt Polzin; Eric Kunze; Jules Hummon; Eric Firing
The 'Watcher's Stage' in Lower Colorado River Indian Agriculture
Primitive Subsistence on the Lower Colorado and Gila Rivers.Watcher's Stage' in Lower Colorado River Indian AgricultureIndian tribes along the Colorado River to various interior
Lawton, Harry W.; Wilke, Philip J.
Opportunities to change development pathways toward lower greenhouse...
to change development pathways toward lower greenhouse gas emissions through energy efficiency Title Opportunities to change development pathways toward lower greenhouse gas...
Lower 48 States Shale Proved Reserves (Billion Cubic Feet)
View History: Annual Download Data (XLS File) Lower 48 States Shale Proved Reserves (Billion Cubic Feet) Lower 48 States Shale Proved Reserves (Billion Cubic Feet) Decade Year-0...
TO APPEAR IN J. VLSI AND SIGNAL PROCESSING (SPRINGER), SPECIAL ISSUE ON UWB 1 An Iterative Algorithm and Low Complexity
that our new algorithm operates at lower signal to noise ratio than earlier works using iterative message algorithm. Specifically, the redundant models can be combined together so that memory usage can be reduced of Electrical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
Southern California, University of
Hyperspectral detection algorithms: Use covariances or subspaces?
There are two broad classes of hyperspectral detection algorithms.1, 2 Algorithms in the first class use the spectral covariance matrix of the background clutter; in contrast, algorithms in the second class characterize ...
Manolakis, Dimitris G.
The inversion algorithm for digital simulation
The inversion algorithm is an event-driven algorithm, whose performance rivals or exceeds that of levelized compiled code simulation, even at activity rates of 50% or more. The inversion algorithm has several unique features, the most remarkable of which ...
P. M. Maurer
Experimental studies of lower hybrid wave propagation
Experimental measurements of the dispersion and damping of externally excited lower hybrid waves are presented. A multiple-ring slow-wave antenna, having 2$pi$/k/sub z/ = 23 cm, is used to excite these waves in the Princeton L3 or L4 linear devices (B = 0.5 -- 2.8 kG uniform to +- 1 percent for 1.6 m, n approximately 10$sup 10$, T/sub e/ approximately 3-5 eV, T/sub i/ less than or equal to 0.1 eV, He gas, plasma diameter approximately 10 cm). The waves are localized in a spatial wave packet that propagates into the plasma along a conical trajectory which makes a small angle with respect to the confining magnetic field. Measurements of the dependence of wavelength on frequency are in good agreement with the cold plasma dispersion relation. Measured values of the wave damping are in good agreement with Landau damping by the combination of the main body of the electron distribution and a approximately 30 percent high energy (T/sub e/ approximately 15-30 eV) electron tail. (auth)
Bellan, P.; Porkolab, M.
Natural algorithms and influence systems
doi:10.1145/2380656.2380679 Algorithms offer a rich, expressive language for modelers of biological and social systems. They lay the grounds for numerical simulations and, crucially, provide a powerful framework for their analysis. The new area of natural algorithms may reprise in the life sciences the role differential equations have long played in the physical sciences. For this to happen, however, an �algorithmic calculus � is needed. We discuss what this program entails in the context of influence systems, a broad family of multiagent models arising in social dynamics. 1.
Bernard Chazelle
A polynomial projection algorithm for linear programming
Jul 5, 2013 ... Abstract: We propose a polynomial algorithm for linear programming. The algorithm represents a linear optimization or decision problem in the�...
The Speed of Shor's R-algorithm
May 8, 2007 ... Key words: Shor's r-algorithm, space dilation, linear convergence, uncon- ... Shor's r-algorithm is an iterative method for unconstrained opti-.
Natural Gas Productive Capacity for the Lower-48 States
for the Lower-48 States for the Lower-48 States 6/4/01 Click here to start Table of Contents Natural Gas Productive Capacity for the Lower-48 States Natural Gas Productive Capacity for the Lower-48 States Natural Gas Productive Capacity for the Lower-48 States- Summary - Natural Gas Productive Capacity for the Lower-48 States- Summary - PPT Slide Natural Gas Productive Capacity for the Lower-48 States- Summary - Natural Gas Productive Capacity for the Lower-48 States- Methodology - Natural Gas Productive Capacity for the Lower-48 States- Methodology - Natural Gas Productive Capacity for the Lower-48 States- Methodology - PPT Slide PPT Slide PPT Slide PPT Slide PPT Slide PPT Slide PPT Slide PPT Slide PPT Slide PPT Slide PPT Slide Other Areas PPT Slide PPT Slide PPT Slide
Some Abstract Pivot Algorithms (REVISED)
Several problems in the theory of combinatorial geometries (or matroids) are solved by means of algorithms which involve the notion of "abstract pivots". The main example is the Edmonds-Fulkerson partition theorem, which ...
Green, Curtis
A combinatorial algorithm for Pfaffians
The Pfaffian of a graph is closely linked to Perfect Matching. It is also naturally related to the determinant of an appropriately defined matrix. This relation between Pfaffian and determinant is usually exploited to give a fast algorithm for computing ...
Meena Mahajan; P. R. Subramanya; V. Vinay
Bayesian inference algorithm on Raw
This work explores the performance of Raw, a parallel hardware platform developed at MIT, running a Bayesian inference algorithm. Motivation for examining this parallel system is a growing interest in creating a self-learning ...
Luong, Alda
Designing Educationally Effective Algorithm Visualizations
Despite the intuitively compelling adage "a picture is worth a thousand words," attempts over the past decade to use animations to explain algorithms to students have produced disappointing results. In most cases interesting algorithm animations were designed, but no formal, systematic evaluations were conducted. When such evaluations were performed the results were mixed, with compelling evidence for the instructional superiority of algorithm animations failing to emerge. It is in this context that we embarked on a research program to develop educationally effective algorithm visualizations. This program was based on the premise that animations needed to be embedded in a knowledge and context providing hypermedia environment in order to effectively harness their power to enhance learning. This paper describes the architecture of the resulting Hypermedia Algorithm Visualization system HalVis. Four empirical studies with HalVis are described, which demonstrated that the extent of learning exhibited by students who used HalVis was significantly greater than that of students who used means of traditional instruction or a typical algorithm animation.
Steven Hansen; N. Hari Narayanan; Mary Hegarty
Multithreaded Algorithms for Graph Coloring
Graph algorithms are challenging to parallelize when high performance and scalability are primary goals. Low concurrency, poor data locality, irregular access pattern, and high data access to computation ratio are among the chief reasons for the challenge. The performance implication of these features is exasperated on distributed memory machines. More success is being achieved on shared-memory, multi-core architectures supporting multithreading. We consider a prototypical graph problem, coloring, and show how a greedy algorithm for solving it can be e*ectively parallelized on multithreaded architectures. We present in particular two di*erent parallel algorithms. The first relies on speculation and iteration, and is suitable for any shared-memory, multithreaded system. The second uses data ow principles and is targeted at the massively multithreaded Cray XMT system. We benchmark the algorithms on three di*erent platforms and demonstrate scalable runtime performance. In terms of quality of solution, both algorithms use nearly the same number of colors as the serial algorithm.
Catalyurek, Umit V.; Feo, John T.; Gebremedhin, Assefaw H.; Halappanavar, Mahantesh; Pothen, Alex
Validation of the Algorithms Developed for Preliminary Prediction of Daylight Distribution in a Toplighted Atrium
Empirically based preliminary prediction algorithms were recently developed for different atrium types under various diffuse sky conditions. In the case of toplighted atriums, these algorithms were developed to predict light levels on the horizontal floor and on the vertical wall surfaces of the atrium. However, the actual building atriums measured to assess these algorithms in a full-scale setting were four stories high or lower. This study presents an investigation of the validity of the developed algorithms using full-scale measurements in two four-sided toplighted atriums 11 and 14 stories high respectively. The measurements were made over several days in the two large atriums of the Anatole Hotel in Dallas, Texas. These data are compared with the algorithm predictions, and the usefulness of the prediction models is discussed.
Boubekri, M.; Atif, M. R.; Boyer, L. L.
Efficient discrete-time simulations of continuous-time quantum query algorithms
The continuous-time query model is a variant of the discrete query model in which queries can be interleaved with known operations (called "driving operations") continuously in time. Interesting algorithms have been discovered in this model, such as an algorithm for evaluating nand trees more efficiently than any classical algorithm. Subsequent work has shown that there also exists an efficient algorithm for nand trees in the discrete query model; however, there is no efficient conversion known for continuous-time query algorithms for arbitrary problems. We show that any quantum algorithm in the continuous-time query model whose total query time is T can be simulated by a quantum algorithm in the discrete query model that makes O[T log(T) / log(log(T))] queries. This is the first upper bound that is independent of the driving operations (i.e., it holds even if the norm of the driving Hamiltonian is very large). A corollary is that any lower bound of T queries for a problem in the discrete-time query model immediately carries over to a lower bound of \\Omega[T log(log(T))/log (T)] in the continuous-time query model.
R. Cleve; D. Gottesman; M. Mosca; R. D. Somma; D. L. Yonge-Mallo
A parallel descent algorithm for convex programming
Keywords: convex programming, decomposition, descent method, parallel algorithm, trust region method
Masao Fukushima; Mounir Haddou; Van Hien Nguyen; Jean-Jacques Strodiot; Takanobu Sugimoto; Eiki Yamakawa
The message management asynchronous backtracking algorithm
In this paper we show how the asynchronous backtracking algorithm, a well-known distributed constraint satisfaction algorithm, produces unnecessary messages and introduce our optimized algorithm, message management asynchronous backtracking, which reduces ... Keywords: Backtracking algorithm, Constraint satisfaction problem, Distributed, Hyper-resolution, Multiagent system
Hong Jiang; Jose M. Vidal
Formal verification of change making algorithms
We present progress on a project to formally verify properties of various algorithms related to the change making problem. In particular, we formalize proofs of the classic greedy algorithm's behavior as well as an algorithm to verify its optimality ... Keywords: Coq proof assistant, canonical coin system, change making, formal methods, greedy algorithm
Nadeem Abdul Hamid, Brook Bowers
Combining Genetic Algorithms & Simulation to Search for ...
... GA Checkpoint Database Node Manager Job Manager GA Controller ... GENETIC ALGORITHM Principal Components Analysis, Clustering, � ...
The powerrank web link analysis algorithm
The web graph follows the power law distribution and has a hierarchy structure. But neither the PageRank algorithm nor any of its improvements leverage these attributes. In this paper, we propose a novel link analysis algorithm "the PowerRank algorithm", ... Keywords: hierarchy structure, page rank algorithm, power distribution
Yizhou Lu; Benyu Zhang; Wensi Xi; Zheng Chen; Yi Liu; Michael R. Lyu; Wei-ying Ma
Federal Energy Management Program: Ten Ways to Lower Perceived...
Ten Ways to Lower Perceived Risk and Finance Rates within Utility Contract to someone by E-mail Share Federal Energy Management Program: Ten Ways to Lower Perceived Risk and...
Filamentation instability of lower hybrid waves in a plasma
It is shown that a strong lower hybrid wave is modulationally unstable to perturbations propagating along its own wave vector. The instability relies critically on the finite thermal corrections to the lower hybrid dispersion relation. (auth)
Kaw, P. K.
Smolt Monitoring at the Head of Lower Granite Reservoir and Lower Granite Dam, 2005 Annual Report.
This project monitored the daily passage of Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, steelhead trout O. mykiss, and sockeye salmon O. nerka smolts during the 2005 spring out-migration at migrant traps on the Snake River and Salmon River. In 2005 fish management agencies released significant numbers of hatchery Chinook salmon and steelhead trout above Lower Granite Dam that were not marked with a fin clip or coded-wire tag. Generally, the age-1 and older fish were distinguishable from wild fish by the occurrence of fin erosion. Age-0 Chinook salmon are more difficult to distinguish between wild and non-adclipped hatchery fish and therefore classified as unknown rearing. The total annual hatchery spring/summer Chinook salmon catch at the Snake River trap was 0.34 times greater in 2005 than in 2004. The wild spring/summer Chinook catch was 0.34 times less than the previous year. Hatchery steelhead trout catch was 0.67 times less than in 2004. Wild steelhead trout catch was 0.72 times less than the previous year. The Snake River trap collected 1,152 age-0 Chinook salmon of unknown rearing. During 2005, the Snake River trap captured 219 hatchery and 44 wild/natural sockeye salmon and 110 coho salmon O. kisutch of unknown rearing. Differences in trap catch between years are due to fluctuations not only in smolt production, but also differences in trap efficiency and duration of trap operation associated with flow. Trap operations began on March 6 and were terminated on June 3. The trap was out of operation for a total of one day due to heavy debris. FPC requested that the trap be restarted on June 15 through June 22 to collect and PIT tag age-0 Chinook salmon. Hatchery Chinook salmon catch at the Salmon River trap was 1.06 times greater and wild Chinook salmon catch was 1.26 times greater than in 2004. The hatchery steelhead trout collection in 2005 was 1.41 times greater and wild steelhead trout collection was 1.27 times greater than the previous year. Trap operations began on March 6 and were terminated on May 17 due to high flows. There were two days when the trap was taken out of service because of mechanical failure. Travel time (d) and migration rate (km/d) through Lower Granite Reservoir for passive integrated transponder (PIT) tagged Chinook salmon and steelhead trout marked at the Snake River trap were affected by discharge. Statistical analysis of 2005 data detected a relation between migration rate and discharge for hatchery Chinook but was unable to detect a relation for wild Chinook. The inability to detect a migration rate discharge relation for wild Chinook salmon was caused by a lack of data. For hatchery Chinook salmon there was a 1.8-fold increase in migration rate between 50 and 100 kcfs. For steelhead trout tagged at the Snake River trap, statistical analysis detected a significant relation between migration rate and lower Granite Reservoir inflow discharge. For hatchery and wild steelhead trout, there was a 2.2-fold and a 2.2-fold increase in migration rate, respectively, between 50 and 100 kcfs. Travel time and migration rate to Lower Granite Dam for fish marked at the Salmon River trap were calculated. Statistical analysis of the 2005 data detected a significant relation between migration rate and Lower Granite Reservoir inflow discharge for hatchery Chinook salmon, wild Chinook salmon, hatchery steelhead trout, and wild steelhead trout. Migration rate increased 4.2-fold for hatchery Chinook salmon, 2.9-fold for wild Chinook salmon and 2.5-fold for hatchery steelhead, and 1.7-fold for wild steelhead as discharge increased between 50 kcfs and 100 kcfs. Fish tagged with PIT tags at the Snake River and Salmon River traps were interrogated at four dams with PIT tag detection systems (Lower Granite, Little Goose, Lower Monumental and McNary dams). Because of the addition of the fourth interrogation site (Lower Monumental) in 1993 and the installation of the Removable Spillway Weir at Lower Granite Dam in 2001, caution must be used in comparing cumulative interrogation data. Cumulative interrogations at the fo
Buettner, Edwin W.; Putnam, Scott A. [Idaho Department of Fish and Game
Lower Cost Lithium Ion Batteries From Aluminum Substituted ...
Lower Cost Lithium Ion Batteries From Aluminum Substituted Cathode Materials Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Contact LBL About This Technology
Electron distribution function during lower-hybrid heating
The acceleration of electrons during lower-hybrid heating is suppressed by a nonlinear interaction of parametrically excited waves.
Litvin, S.B.; Tikhonchuk, V.T.
Lower Columbia Salmon Recovery Fish & Wildlife Subbasin Plan
of volumes that together comprise a Recovery and Subbasin Plan for Washington lower Columbia River salmon Subbasin Plans Subbasin vision, assessments, and management plan for each of 12 Washington lower Columbia of Engineers Lee VanTussenbrook, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Lower Columbia Fish Recovery Board
Smolt Monitoring at the Head of Lower Granite Reservoir and Lower Granite Dam, 2002 Annual Report.
This project monitored the daily passage of Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, steelhead trout O. mykiss, and sockeye salmon smolts O. nerka during the 2002 spring out-migration at migrant traps on the Snake River and Salmon River. In 2002 fish management agencies released significant numbers of hatchery Chinook salmon and steelhead trout above Lower Granite Dam that were not marked with a fin clip or coded-wire tag. Generally, these fish were distinguishable from wild fish by the occurrence of fin erosion. Total annual hatchery Chinook salmon catch at the Snake River trap was 11.4 times greater in 2002 than in 2001. The wild Chinook catch was 15.5 times greater than the previous year. Hatchery steelhead trout catch was 2.9 times greater than in 2001. Wild steelhead trout catch was 2.8 times greater than the previous year. The Snake River trap collected 3,996 age-0 Chinook salmon of unknown rearing. During 2002, the Snake River trap captured 69 hatchery and 235 wild/natural sockeye salmon and 114 hatchery coho salmon O. kisutch. Differences in trap catch between years are due to fluctuations not only in smolt production, but also differences in trap efficiency and duration of trap operation associated with flow. The significant increase in catch in 2002 was due to a 3.1 fold increase in hatchery Chinook production and a more normal spring runoff. Trap operations began on March 10 and were terminated on June 7. The trap was out of operation for a total of four days due to mechanical failure or debris. Hatchery Chinook salmon catch at the Salmon River trap was 4.2 times greater and wild Chinook salmon catch was 2.4 times greater than in 2001. The hatchery steelhead trout collection in 2002 was 81% of the 2001 numbers. Wild steelhead trout collection in 2002 was 81% of the previous year's catch. Trap operations began on March 10 and were terminated on May 29 due to high flows. The trap was out of operation for four days due to high flow or debris. The increase in hatchery Chinook catch in 2002 was due to a 3.1 fold increase in hatchery production and differences in flow between years. Changes in hatchery and wild steelhead catch are probably due to differences in flow between years. Travel time (d) and migration rate (km/d) through Lower Granite Reservoir for PIT-tagged Chinook salmon and steelhead trout marked at the Snake River trap were affected by discharge. Statistical analysis of 2002 data detected a relation between migration rate and discharge for hatchery and wild Chinook salmon. For hatchery and wild Chinook salmon there was a 4.7-fold and a 3.7-fold increase in migration rate, respectively, between 50 and 100 kcfs. For steelhead trout tagged at the Snake River trap, statistical analysis detected a significant relation between migration rate and Lower Granite Reservoir inflow discharge. For hatchery and wild steelhead trout, there was a 1.8-fold and a 1.7-fold increase in migration rate, respectively, between 50 and 100 kcfs. Travel time and migration rate to Lower Granite Dam for fish marked at the Salmon River trap were calculated. Statistical analysis of the 2002 data detected a significant relation between migration rate and Lower Granite Reservoir inflow discharge for wild Chinook salmon and hatchery steelhead trout. The analysis was unable to detect a relation between migration rate and discharge for hatchery Chinook salmon. The lack of a detectable relation was probably a result of the migration rate data being spread over a very narrow range of discharge. Not enough data were available to perform the analysis for wild steelhead trout. Migration rate increased 4.3-fold for wild Chinook salmon and 2.2-fold for hatchery steelhead between 50 kcfs and 100 kcfs. Fish tagged with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags at the Snake River trap were interrogated at four dams with PIT tag detection systems (Lower Granite, Little Goose, Lower Monumental, and McNary dams). Because of the addition of the fourth interrogation site (Lower Monumental) in 1993 and the installation of the Removable Spillway Weir at
Smolt Monitoring at the Head of Lower Granite Reservoir and Lower Granite Dam, 2004 Annual Report.
This project monitored the daily passage of Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, steelhead trout O. mykiss, and sockeye salmon O. nerka smolts during the 2004 spring out-migration at migrant traps on the Snake River and Salmon River. In 2004 fish management agencies released significant numbers of hatchery Chinook salmon and steelhead trout above Lower Granite Dam that were not marked with a fin clip or coded-wire tag. Generally, these fish were distinguishable from wild fish by the occurrence of fin erosion. Total annual hatchery Chinook salmon catch at the Snake River trap was 1.1 times greater in 2004 than in 2003. The wild Chinook catch was 1.1 times greater than the previous year. Hatchery steelhead trout catch was 1.2 times greater than in 2003. Wild steelhead trout catch was 1.6 times greater than the previous year. The Snake River trap collected 978 age-0 Chinook salmon of unknown rearing. During 2004, the Snake River trap captured 23 hatchery and 18 wild/natural sockeye salmon and 60 coho salmon O. kisutch of unknown rearing. Differences in trap catch between years are due to fluctuations not only in smolt production, but also differences in trap efficiency and duration of trap operation associated with flow. Trap operations began on March 7 and were terminated on June 4. The trap was out of operation for a total of zero days due to mechanical failure or debris. Hatchery Chinook salmon catch at the Salmon River trap was 10.8% less and wild Chinook salmon catch was 19.0% less than in 2003. The hatchery steelhead trout collection in 2004 was 20.0% less and wild steelhead trout collection was 22.3% less than the previous year. Trap operations began on March 7 and were terminated on May 28 due to high flows. There were two days when the trap was taken out of service because wild Chinook catch was very low, hatchery Chinook catch was very high, and the weekly quota of PIT tagged hatchery Chinook had been met. Travel time (d) and migration rate (km/d) through Lower Granite Reservoir for PIT-tagged Chinook salmon and steelhead trout marked at the Snake River trap were affected by discharge. Statistical analysis of 2004 data detected a relation between migration rate and discharge for wild Chinook salmon but was unable to detect a relation for hatchery Chinook. The inability to detect a migration rate discharge relation for hatchery Chinook salmon was caused by age-0 fall Chinook being mixed in with the age 1 Chinook. Age-0 fall Chinook migrate much slower than age-1 Chinook, which would confuse the ability to detect the migration rate discharge relation. When several groups, which consisted of significant numbers of age-0 Chinook salmon, were removed from the analysis a relation was detected. For hatchery and wild Chinook salmon there was a 2.8-fold and a 2.4-fold increase in migration rate, respectively, between 50 and 100 kcfs. For steelhead trout tagged at the Snake River trap, statistical analysis detected a significant relation between migration rate and Lower Granite Reservoir inflow discharge. For hatchery and wild steelhead trout, there was a 2.3-fold and a 2.0-fold increase in migration rate, respectively, between 50 and 100 kcfs. Travel time and migration rate to Lower Granite Dam for fish marked at the Salmon River trap were calculated. Statistical analysis of the 2004 data detected a significant relation between migration rate and Lower Granite Reservoir inflow discharge for hatchery Chinook salmon, wild Chinook salmon and hatchery steelhead trout. Not enough data were available to perform the analysis for wild steelhead trout. Migration rate increased 7.0-fold for hatchery Chinook salmon, 4.7-fold for wild Chinook salmon and 3.8-fold for hatchery steelhead as discharge increased between 50 kcfs and 100 kcfs. Fish tagged with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags at the Snake River and Salmon River traps were interrogated at four dams with PIT tag detection systems (Lower Granite, Little Goose, Lower Monumental, and McNary dams). Because of the addition of the fourth interrogation site (Lower Monume
Lower Valley Energy - Residential Energy Efficiency Rebate Program |
Lower Valley Energy - Residential Energy Efficiency Rebate Program Lower Valley Energy - Residential Energy Efficiency Rebate Program Lower Valley Energy - Residential Energy Efficiency Rebate Program < Back Eligibility Residential Savings Category Home Weatherization Commercial Weatherization Appliances & Electronics Sealing Your Home Ventilation Heating & Cooling Commercial Heating & Cooling Water Heating Windows, Doors, & Skylights Program Info State Wyoming Program Type Utility Rebate Program Rebate Amount Energy Audit: Discounted Cost Weatherization Measures: Varies Marathon Water Heater: $25 Water Heater: $15 - $25 Clothes Washer: $25 - $50 Refrigerator: $15 Refrigerator Recycling: $75 Energy Star Manufactured Home: $1,000 Geothermal Heat Pumps: Up to $2,100 Provider Lower Valley Energy Lower Valley Energy offers numerous rebates for residential customers who
Alternative Fuels Data Center: Alternative Fuel Vehicles Lower Emissions in
Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicles Data Center (EERE)
Alternative Fuel Alternative Fuel Vehicles Lower Emissions in Columbus, Ohio to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Alternative Fuel Vehicles Lower Emissions in Columbus, Ohio on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Alternative Fuel Vehicles Lower Emissions in Columbus, Ohio on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Alternative Fuel Vehicles Lower Emissions in Columbus, Ohio on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Alternative Fuel Vehicles Lower Emissions in Columbus, Ohio on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: Alternative Fuel Vehicles Lower Emissions in Columbus, Ohio on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Alternative Fuel Vehicles Lower Emissions in Columbus, Ohio on AddThis.com...
A genetic algorithm based method for docking flexible molecules
The authors describe a computational method for docking flexible molecules into protein binding sites. The method uses a genetic algorithm (GA) to search the combined conformation/orientation space of the molecule to find low energy conformation. Several techniques are described that increase the efficiency of the basic search method. These include the use of several interacting GA subpopulations or niches; the use of a growing algorithm that initially docks only a small part of the molecule; and the use of gradient minimization during the search. To illustrate the method, they dock Cbz-GlyP-Leu-Leu (ZGLL) into thermolysin. This system was chosen because a well refined crystal structure is available and because another docking method had previously been tested on this system. Their method is able to find conformations that lie physically close to and in some cases lower in energy than the crystal conformation in reasonable periods of time on readily available hardware.
Judson, R.S. [Sandia National Labs., Livermore, CA (United States); Jaeger, E.P.; Treasurywala, A.M. [Sterling-Winthrop Inc., Collegeville, PA (United States)
Data streams: algorithms and applications
In the data stream scenario, input arrives very rapidly and there is limited memory to store the input. Algorithms have to work with one or few passes over the data, space less than linear in the input size or time significantly less than the input size. ...
S. Muthukrishnan
Experimental optimization by evolutionary algorithms
This tutorial addresses applications of evolutionary algorithms to optimization tasks where the function evaluation cannot be done through a computer simulation, but requires the execution of an experiment in the real world (i.e., cosmetics, detergents, ... Keywords: biological experiments, experimental optimization, history, quantum control
Thomas B�ck; Joshua Knowles; Ofer M. Shir
Robust Algorithms for Object Localization
Model-based localization, the task of estimating an object�s pose from sensed and corresponding model features, is a fundamental task in machine vision. Exact constant time localization algorithms have been developed for the case where the sensed ... Keywords: object localization, object registration, resultants
Aaron Wallack; Dinesh Manocha
Adaptive protection algorithm and system
An adaptive protection algorithm and system for protecting electrical distribution systems traces the flow of power through a distribution system, assigns a value (or rank) to each circuit breaker in the system and then determines the appropriate trip set points based on the assigned rank.
Hedrick, Paul (Pittsburgh, PA); Toms, Helen L. (Irwin, PA); Miller, Roger M. (Mars, PA)
Why is Boris Algorithm So Good?
Due to its excellent long term accuracy, the Boris algorithm is the de facto standard for advancing a charged particle. Despite its popularity, up to now there has been no convincing explanation why the Boris algorithm has this advantageous feature. In this letter, we provide an answer to this question. We show that the Boris algorithm conserves phase space volume, even though it is not symplectic. The global bound on energy error typically associated with symplectic algorithms still holds for the Boris algorithm, making it an effective algorithm for the multi-scale dynamics of plasmas.
et al, Hong Qin
A review of procedures to evolve quantum algorithms
There exist quantum algorithms that are more efficient than their classical counterparts; such algorithms were invented by Shor in 1994 and then Grover in 1996. A lack of invention since Grover's algorithm has been commonly attributed to the non-intuitive ... Keywords: Evolutionary algorithms, Evolving quantum algorithms, Genetic algorithms, Genetic programming, Quantum algorithms, Quantum computing
Adrian Gepp; Phil Stocks
Smolt Monitoring at the Head of Lower Granite Reservoir and Lower Granite Dam, 2003 Annual Report.
This project monitored the daily passage of Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, steelhead trout O. mykiss, and sockeye salmon O. nerka smolts during the 2003 spring out-migration at migrant traps on the Snake River and Salmon River. In 2003 fish management agencies released significant numbers of hatchery Chinook salmon and steelhead trout above Lower Granite Dam that were not marked with a fin clip or coded-wire tag. Generally, these fish were distinguishable from wild fish by the occurrence of fin erosion. Total annual hatchery Chinook salmon catch at the Snake River trap was 2.1 times less in 2003 than in 2002. The wild Chinook catch was 1.1 times less than the previous year. Hatchery steelhead trout catch was 1.7 times less than in 2002. Wild steelhead trout catch was 2.1 times less than the previous year. The Snake River trap collected 579 age-0 Chinook salmon of unknown rearing. During 2003, the Snake River trap captured five hatchery and 13 wild/natural sockeye salmon and 36 coho salmon O. kisutch of unknown rearing. Differences in trap catch between years are due to fluctuations not only in smolt production, but also differences in trap efficiency and duration of trap operation associated with flow. The significant differences in catch between 2003 and the previous year were due mainly to low flows during much of the trapping season and then very high flows at the end of the season, which terminated the trapping season 12 days earlier than in 2002. Trap operations began on March 9 and were terminated on May 27. The trap was out of operation for a total of zero days due to mechanical failure or debris. Hatchery Chinook salmon catch at the Salmon River trap was 16.8% less and wild Chinook salmon catch was 1.7 times greater than in 2002. The hatchery steelhead trout collection in 2003 was 5.6% less than in 2002. Wild steelhead trout collection was 19.2% less than the previous year. Trap operations began on March 9 and were terminated on May 24 due to high flows. There were zero days when the trap was out of operation due to high flow or debris. The decrease in hatchery Chinook catch in 2003 was partially due to differences in flow between years because there was a 5.9% increase in hatchery production in the Salmon River drainage in 2003. The decrease in hatchery steelhead catch may be partially due to a 13% decrease in hatchery production in the Salmon River drainage in 2003. Travel time (d) and migration rate (km/d) through Lower Granite Reservoir for PIT-tagged Chinook salmon and steelhead trout marked at the Snake River trap were affected by discharge. Statistical analysis of 2003 data detected a relation between migration rate and discharge for wild Chinook salmon but was unable to detect a relation for hatchery Chinook. The inability to detect a migration rate discharge relation for hatchery Chinook was probably caused by age 0 fall Chinook being mixed in with the age 1 Chinook. Age 0 fall Chinook migrate much slower than age 1 Chinook, which would confuse the ability to detect the migration rate discharge relation. For wild Chinook salmon there was a 1.4-fold increase in migration rate, respectively, between 50 and 100 kcfs. For steelhead trout tagged at the Snake River trap, statistical analysis detected a significant relation between migration rate and Lower Granite Reservoir inflow discharge. For hatchery and wild steelhead trout, there was a 1.7-fold and a 1.9-fold increase in migration rate, respectively, between 50 and 100 kcfs. Travel time and migration rate to Lower Granite Dam for fish marked at the Salmon River trap were calculated. Statistical analysis of the 2003 data detected a significant relation between migration rate and Lower Granite Reservoir inflow discharge for hatchery Chinook salmon, wild Chinook salmon and hatchery steelhead trout. Not enough data were available to perform the analysis for wild steelhead trout. Migration rate increased 14-fold for hatchery Chinook salmon, 8.3-fold for wild Chinook salmon and 2.4-fold for hatchery steelhead as discharge increased between 50 kcfs and
BATTERY -FRIENDLY DESIGN OF SIGNAL PROCESSING ALGORITHMS Praveen Raghavan & Chaitali Chakrabarti
BATTERY - FRIENDLY DESIGN OF SIGNAL PROCESSING ALGORITHMS Praveen Raghavan & Chaitali Chakrabarti metric. This is unfortunate since maximizing battery lifetime is a more appropriate inetric, and lowering energy does not necessarily mean improving battery lifetime. In this paper we first show how to design
Chakrabarti, Chaitali
Recognition and decision-making algorithm in human locomotion based on the principles of fuzzy reasoning
The authors introduce a fuzzy rule-based algorithm to evaluate the activation patterns of muscles of the lower limb with respect to the gait phases during normal human walking. A relational matrix was established as a Cartesian product between the activation ...
T. Sarkodie-Gyan; Huiying Yu; Murad Alaqtash; Eric Spier; Richard Brower
SelInv---An Algorithm for Selected Inversion of a Sparse Symmetric Matrix
We describe an efficient implementation of an algorithm for computing selected elements of a general sparse symmetric matrix A that can be decomposed as A = LDLT, where L is lower triangular and D is diagonal. Our implementation, ... Keywords: Electronic structure calculation, elimination tree, selected inversion, sparse LDLT factorization, supernodes
Lin Lin; Chao Yang; Juan C. Meza; Jianfeng Lu; Lexing Ying; Weinan E
SRS Recovery Act Completes Major Lower Three Runs Project Cleanup |
SRS Recovery Act Completes Major Lower Three Runs Project Cleanup SRS Recovery Act Completes Major Lower Three Runs Project Cleanup SRS Recovery Act Completes Major Lower Three Runs Project Cleanup American Recovery and Reinvestment Act can now claim that 85 percent of the Savannah River Site (SRS) has been cleaned up with the recent completion of the Lower Three Runs (stream) Project. Twenty miles long, Lower Three Runs leaves the main body of the 310-square mile site and runs through parts of Barnwell and Allendale Counties until it flows into the Savannah River. Government property on both sides of the stream acts as a buffer as it runs through privately-owned property. Completing this project reduces the site's footprint by another 10 percent. SRS Recovery Act Completes Major Lower Three Runs Project Cleanup More Documents & Publications
Fun with sub-linear time algorithms
Provided that one is willing to use randomness and to tolerate an approximate answer, many computational problems admit ultrafast algorithms that run in less than linear time in the length of the input. In many interesting cases, even algorithms that ...
Luca Trevisan
The WSR-88D Rainfall Algorithm
A detailed description of the operational WSR-88D rainfall estimation algorithm is presented. This algorithm, called the Precipitation Processing System, produces radar-derived rainfall products in real time for forecasters in support of the ...
Richard A. Fulton; Jay P. Breidenbach; Dong-Jun Seo; Dennis A. Miller; Timothy O�Bannon
The bidimensionality theory and its algorithmic applications
Our newly developing theory of bidimensional graph problems provides general techniques for designing efficient fixed-parameter algorithms and approximation algorithms for NP- hard graph problems in broad classes of graphs. ...
Hajiaghayi, MohammadTaghi
Global structual optimizations of surface systems with a genetic algorithm
Global structural optimizations with a genetic algorithm were performed for atomic cluster and surface systems including aluminum atomic clusters, Si magic clusters on the Si(111) 7 x 7 surface, silicon high-index surfaces, and Ag-induced Si(111) reconstructions. First, the global structural optimizations of neutral aluminum clusters Al{sub n} (n up to 23) were performed using a genetic algorithm coupled with a tight-binding potential. Second, a genetic algorithm in combination with tight-binding and first-principles calculations were performed to study the structures of magic clusters on the Si(111) 7 x 7 surface. Extensive calculations show that the magic cluster observed in scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) experiments consist of eight Si atoms. Simulated STM images of the Si magic cluster exhibit a ring-like feature similar to STM experiments. Third, a genetic algorithm coupled with a highly optimized empirical potential were used to determine the lowest energy structure of high-index semiconductor surfaces. The lowest energy structures of Si(105) and Si(114) were determined successfully. The results of Si(105) and Si(114) are reported within the framework of highly optimized empirical potential and first-principles calculations. Finally, a genetic algorithm coupled with Si and Ag tight-binding potentials were used to search for Ag-induced Si(111) reconstructions at various Ag and Si coverages. The optimized structural models of {radical}3 x {radical}3, 3 x 1, and 5 x 2 phases were reported using first-principles calculations. A novel model is found to have lower surface energy than the proposed double-honeycomb chained (DHC) model both for Au/Si(111) 5 x 2 and Ag/Si(111) 5 x 2 systems.
Chuang, Feng-Chuan
Sphere Lower Bound for Rotated Lattice Constellations in Fading Channels
We study the error probability performance of rotated lattice constellations in frequency-flat Nakagami-$m$ block-fading channels. In particular, we use the sphere lower bound on the underlying infinite lattice as a performance benchmark. We show that the sphere lower bound has full diversity. We observe that optimally rotated lattices with largest known minimum product distance perform very close to the lower bound, while the ensemble of random rotations is shown to lack diversity and perform far from it.
Fabregas, Albert Guillen i
Advanced Encryption Standard Algorithm Validation List
Advanced Encryption Standard Algorithm Validation List. Last Update: 8/28/2013. The page provides technical information ...
An algorithm for minimization of quantum cost
A new algorithm for minimization of quantum cost of quantum circuits has been designed. The quantum cost of different quantum circuits of particular interest (eg. circuits for EPR, quantum teleportation, shor code and different quantum arithmetic operations) are computed by using the proposed algorithm. The quantum costs obtained using the proposed algorithm is compared with the existing results and it is found that the algorithm has produced minimum quantum cost in all cases.
Anindita Banerjee; Anirban Pathak
Lower 48 Federal Offshore Natural Gas Liquids Lease Condensate...
Lease Condensate, Proved Reserves (Million Barrels) Lower 48 Federal Offshore Natural Gas Liquids Lease Condensate, Proved Reserves (Million Barrels) Decade Year-0 Year-1...
Lower 48 States Natural Gas Plant Liquids, Proved Reserves (Million...
company data. Release Date: 812013 Next Release Date: 812014 Referring Pages: Natural Gas Liquids Proved Reserves as of Dec. 31 Lower 48 States Natural Gas Liquids Proved...
Demand response can lower electric power load when needed - Today ...
February 15, 2011 Demand response can lower electric power load when needed . Consumers can play a major role in ensuring reliable electricity supply by reducing ...
Novel Combination of Enzyme Systems Could Lower Biofuel Costs...
NRELFS-2700-58559 | July 2013 Novel Combination of Enzyme Systems Could Lower Biofuel Costs Highlights in Science Two biomass-degrading enzyme systems that work in very...
Lower 48 States Total Natural Gas Underground Storage Capacity...
data. Release Date: 9302013 Next Release Date: 10312013 Referring Pages: Total Natural Gas Underground Storage Capacity Lower 48 States Underground Natural Gas Storage Capacity...
Available Technologies: Lower Cost Lithium Ion Batteries from ...
Lower Cost Lithium Ion Batteries from ... Although lithium ion batteries are the most promising candidates for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, the u ...
,"Lower 48 Federal Offshore Natural Gas Plant Liquids, Proved...
Of Series","Frequency","Latest Data for" ,"Data 1","Lower 48 Federal Offshore Natural Gas Plant Liquids, Proved Reserves (Million Barrels)",1,"Annual",2011...
Reserves Based Production (Million Barrels) Lower 48 Federal Offshore Natural Gas Liquids Lease Condensate, Reserves Based Production (Million Barrels) Decade Year-0 Year-1 Year-2...
,"Lower 48 Federal Offshore Natural Gas Liquids Lease Condensate...
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Lower 48 States Crude Oil Reserves in Nonproducing Reservoirs...
Reserves in Nonproducing Reservoirs (Million Barrels) Lower 48 States Crude Oil Reserves in Nonproducing Reservoirs (Million Barrels) Decade Year-0 Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4...
Energy efficient prediction clustering algorithm for multilevel heterogeneous wireless sensor networks
In designing wireless sensor networks, it is important to reduce energy dissipation and prolong network lifetime. In this paper, a new model with energy and monitored objects heterogeneity is proposed for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. We put forward an energy-efficient prediction clustering algorithm, which is adaptive to the heterogeneous model. This algorithm enables the nodes to select the cluster head according to factors such as energy and communication cost, thus the nodes with higher residual energy have higher probability to become a cluster head than those with lower residual energy, so that the network energy can be dissipated uniformly. In order to reduce energy consumption when broadcasting in clustering phase and prolong network lifetime, an energy consumption prediction model is established for regular data acquisition nodes. Simulation results show that compared with current clustering algorithms, this algorithm can achieve longer sensor network lifetime, higher energy efficiency and ...
Liu, Tang; Yang, Jin; Wang, Chunli
Implementation of the Iterative Proportion Fitting Algorithm for Geostatistical Facies Modeling
In geostatistics, most stochastic algorithm for simulation of categorical variables such as facies or rock types require a conditional probability distribution. The multivariate probability distribution of all the grouped locations including the unsampled location permits calculation of the conditional probability directly based on its definition. In this article, the iterative proportion fitting (IPF) algorithm is implemented to infer this multivariate probability. Using the IPF algorithm, the multivariate probability is obtained by iterative modification to an initial estimated multivariate probability using lower order bivariate probabilities as constraints. The imposed bivariate marginal probabilities are inferred from profiles along drill holes or wells. In the IPF process, a sparse matrix is used to calculate the marginal probabilities from the multivariate probability, which makes the iterative fitting more tractable and practical. This algorithm can be extended to higher order marginal probability constraints as used in multiple point statistics. The theoretical framework is developed and illustrated with estimation and simulation example.
Li Yupeng, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Deutsch, Clayton V. [University of Alberta (Canada)
On extremal cases of Hopcroft's algorithm
In this paper we consider the problem of minimization of deterministic finite automata (DFA) with reference to Hopcroft's algorithm. Hopcroft's algorithm has several degrees of freedom, so there can exist different executions that can lead to different ... Keywords: Deterministic finite state automata, Hopcroft's minimization algorithm, Standard trees, Word trees
G. Castiglione; A. Restivo; M. Sciortino
Opposition-based artificial bee colony algorithm
The Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm is a relatively new algorithm for function optimization. The algorithm is inspired by the foraging behavior of honey bees. In this work, the performance of ABC is enhanced by introducing the concept of opposition-based ... Keywords: benchmarking, black-box optimization, opposition-based learning, swarm intelligence
Mohammed El-Abd
Optimizing genetic algorithm for motif discovery
Planted (l,d)-motif identification is an important and challenging problem in computational biology. In this paper, we present an original algorithm (GARPS) that combines Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Random Projection Strategy (RPS) to identify (l,d)-motifs. ... Keywords: (l,d)-motif, Genetic algorithm, Motif identification, Position-weighted function, Random projection
Hongwei Huo; Zhenhua Zhao; Vojislav Stojkovic; Lifang Liu
Applying Adaptive Evolutionary Algorithms to Hard Problems
Applying Adaptive Evolutionary Algorithms to Hard Problems J.I. van Hemert1 jvhemert into two distinct parts. The main theme is adaptive evolutionary algorithms. The rst part covers. The second part mainly consists of the development of a library. Its use is aimed at evolutionary algorithms
Emmerich, Michael
Alignment-dependent fluorescence emission induced by tunnel ionization of carbon dioxide from lower-lying orbitals
We show that fluorescence emission induced by strong field tunnel ionization of carbon dioxide from its lower-lying orbitals exhibits a peculiar molecular alignment dependence. The experimentally measured alignment-dependence of the fluorescence agrees with the alignment-dependence of the ionization probability calculated in the framework of the strong field approximation. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of an all-optical approach for shedding more light on the ionization mechanisms of molecules from their lower-lying orbitals in tunnel ionization regime.
Yao, Jinping; Jia, Xinyan; Hao, Xiaolei; Zeng, Bin; Jing, Chenrui; Chu, Wei; Ni, Jielei; Zhang, Haisu; Xie, Hongqiang; Zhang, Chaojin; Zhao, Zengxiu; Chen, Jing; Liu, Xiaojun; Cheng, Ya; Xu, Zhizhan
Factorization law for two lower bounds of concurrence
We study the dynamics of two lower bounds of concurrence in bipartite quantum systems when one party goes through an arbitrary channel. We show that these lower bounds obey the factorization law similar to that of [Konrad et al., Nat. Phys. 4, 99 (2008)]. We also discuss the application of this property in an example.
Mirafzali, Sayyed Yahya; Sargolzahi, Iman; Ahanj, Ali; Javidan, Kurosh; Sarbishaei, Mohsen [Department of Physics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Khayyam Institute of Higher Education, Mashhad, Iran and School of Physics, Institute for Research in Fundamental Science (IPM), P. O. Box 19395-5531, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Department of Physics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad (Iran, Islamic Republic of)
in south central Washington. The basin encompasses approximately 136 square miles and enters the Columbia in a series of volumes that together comprise a Recovery and Subbasin Plan for Washington lower Columbia River Washington lower Columbia River subbasins consistent with the Regional Plan. These volumes describe
Lower bounds on the bounded coefficient complexity of bilinear maps
We prove lower bounds of order n log n for both the problem of multiplying polynomials of degree n, and of dividing polynomials with remainder, in the model of bounded coefficient arithmetic circuits over the complex numbers. These ... Keywords: Algebraic complexity, bilinear circuits, lower bounds, singular values
Peter B�rgisser; Martin Lotz
Lower Merion a Key Player in Alternative Fuel Buses
This 2-page Clean Cities fact sheet describes the use of natural gas power in buses by the Lower Merion School District, located in the western suburbs of Philadelphia, PA. It includes information on the history of the program, along with contact information for the local Clean Cities Coordinator and Lower Merion School District.
The Rational Hybrid Monte Carlo Algorithm
The past few years have seen considerable progress in algorithmic development for the generation of gauge fields including the effects of dynamical fermions. The Rational Hybrid Monte Carlo (RHMC) algorithm, where Hybrid Monte Carlo is performed using a rational approximation in place the usual inverse quark matrix kernel is one of these developments. This algorithm has been found to be extremely beneficial in many areas of lattice QCD (chiral fermions, finite temperature, Wilson fermions etc.). We review the algorithm and some of these benefits, and we compare against other recent algorithm developements. We conclude with an update of the Berlin wall plot comparing costs of all popular fermion formulations.
M. A. Clark
The Iron Spin Transition in the Earth's Lower Mantle
The Iron Spin Transition in the Earth's Lower Mantle Print The Iron Spin Transition in the Earth's Lower Mantle Print It is now known that the iron present in minerals of the lower mantle of the Earth undergoes a pressure-induced transition with pairing of the spins of its 3d electrons. A team from the University of California, Berkeley, Tel Aviv University, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has used x-ray diffraction at very high pressure to investigate the effects of this transition on the elastic properties of magnesiowüstite (Mg1-xFex)O, the second most abundant mineral in the Earth's lower mantle. The new results suggest that the effect of the spin-pairing transition on magnesiowüstite can be large enough to require a partial revision of the most accepted model of the lower mantle composition.
The Iron Spin Transition in the The Iron Spin Transition in the Earth's Lower Mantle The Iron Spin Transition in the Earth's Lower Mantle Print Wednesday, 30 April 2008 00:00 It is now known that the iron present in minerals of the lower mantle of the Earth undergoes a pressure-induced transition with pairing of the spins of its 3d electrons. A team from the University of California, Berkeley, Tel Aviv University, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has used x-ray diffraction at very high pressure to investigate the effects of this transition on the elastic properties of magnesiowüstite (Mg1-xFex)O, the second most abundant mineral in the Earth's lower mantle. The new results suggest that the effect of the spin-pairing transition on magnesiowüstite can be large enough to require a partial revision of the most accepted model of the lower mantle composition.
Dynamic Algorithm for Space Weather Forecasting System
We propose to develop a dynamic algorithm that intelligently analyzes existing solar weather data and constructs an increasingly more accurate equation/algorithm for predicting solar weather accurately in real time. This dynamic algorithm analyzes a wealth of data derived from scientific research and provides increasingly accurate solar forecasts. As the database of information grows over time, this algorithm perfects itself and reduces forecast uncertainties. This will provide a vastly more effective way of processing existing data for practical use in the public and private sectors. Specifically, we created an algorithm that stores data from several sources in a way that is useable, we created the ?dynamic algorithm? used for creating accurate/effective forecasts, and we have performed preliminary benchmarks on this algorithm. The preliminary benchmarks yield surprisingly effective results thus far?forecasts have been made 8-16 hours into the future with significant magnitude and trend accuracy, which is a vast improvement over current methods employed.
Fischer, Luke D.
On Lower Complexity Bounds for Large-Scale Smooth Convex ...
where the right hand side infinum is taken over all k-step solution algorithms M utilizing ... standard reference on information-based complexity of various broad ..... magnitude of the quantities ??i,x1? and specify ?1 ? {?1; 1} in such a way that�...
The development of new algorithms for remote sensing of snow ...
Mar 14, 2010 ... remote sensing algorithm development, calibration and validation in ... Keywords Remote sensing � Retrieval algorithms �. Fractional snow�...
Concept for an Algorithm Testing and Evaluation Program at ...
... the same data sets using the ATS's reference algorithms. ... The geometric fitting reference algorithms are incorporated within the ATS. ...
An algorithm for map enumeration
Bauer and Itzykson showed that associated to each labeled map embedded on an oriented Riemann surface there was a group generated by a pair of permutations. From this result an algorithm may be constructed for enumerating labeled maps, and this construction is easily augmented to bin the numbers by the genus of the surface the map is embedded in. The results agree with the calculations of Harer and Zagier of 1-vertex maps; with those of Bessis, Itzykson, and Zuber of 4-valent maps; and with those of Ercolani, McLaughlin, and Pierce for $2\
Virgil U. Pierce
Vietnam-Lowering Emissions in Asia's Forests (LEAF) | Open Energy
Vietnam-Lowering Emissions in Asia's Forests (LEAF) Vietnam-Lowering Emissions in Asia's Forests (LEAF) Jump to: navigation, search Name Vietnam-Lowering Emissions in Asia's Forests (LEAF) Agency/Company /Organization United States Agency for International Development Sector Climate, Land Focus Area Biomass, Forestry Topics GHG inventory, Low emission development planning, -LEDS Resource Type Training materials Website http://www.snvworld.org/en/sec Country Vietnam South-Eastern Asia References LEAF[1] "Lowering Emissions in Asia's Forests (LEAF), supported by USAID/RDMA, aims to strengthen the capacity of target countries to achieve meaningful and sustained reductions in GHG emissions from the forestry-land use sector while assisting them in benefitting from the emerging international REDD+ framework.
Lowering Emissions in Asia's Forests (LEAF) | Open Energy Information
Lowering Emissions in Asia's Forests (LEAF) Lowering Emissions in Asia's Forests (LEAF) Jump to: navigation, search Name Lowering Emissions in Asia's Forests (LEAF) Agency/Company /Organization United States Agency for International Development Sector Climate, Land Focus Area Biomass, Forestry Topics GHG inventory, Low emission development planning, -LEDS Resource Type Training materials Website http://www.snvworld.org/en/sec Country Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Thailand, Vietnam South-Eastern Asia, South-Eastern Asia, South-Eastern Asia, Melanesia, South-Eastern Asia, South-Eastern Asia References LEAF[1] "Lowering Emissions in Asia's Forests (LEAF), supported by USAID/RDMA, aims to strengthen the capacity of target countries to achieve meaningful and sustained reductions in GHG emissions from the forestry-land use sector
Lower 48 Federal Offshore Natural Gas Plant Liquids, Proved Reserves...
Plant Liquids, Proved Reserves (Million Barrels) Lower 48 Federal Offshore Natural Gas Plant Liquids, Proved Reserves (Million Barrels) Decade Year-0 Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4...
Plant Liquids, Proved Reserves (Million Barrels) Lower 48 States Natural Gas Plant Liquids, Proved Reserves (Million Barrels) Decade Year-0 Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5...
Wholesale electricity prices are lower during the first half of ...
A combination of natural gas prices at 10-year lows and the warmest winter on record led to lower on-peak wholesale electricity prices so far in 2012.
2011 Brief: Wholesale electricity prices mostly lower in 2011 ...
Average, on-peak day-ahead electricity prices were lower across most of the United States in 2011. The largest exception was in the ERCOT region (most of Texas) where ...
Energy Storage: A Vital Element in a Lower Carbon World
Energy Storage: A Vital Element in a Lower Carbon World Speaker(s): Mark M. MacCracken Date: September 12, 2013 - 12:00pm - 1:00pm Location: 90-3122 Seminar HostPoint of Contact:...
Lower Colorado River Peoples: Hostilities and Hunger, 1850-1857
Office. White, C 1974 Lower Colorado River Area AboriginalJ. 1965 Warriors of the Colorado: The Yumans of the QuechanJ. C 1861 Report Upon the Colorado River of the West . . .
Kroeber, Clifton B
Valuing the Suburbs: Why Some "Improvements" Lower Home Prices
Why Some �Improvements� Lower Home Prices Robert E. Langimprovement will add to a home�s sale price reveals someResearch shows that not all home improvements pay off�even
Lang, Robert E.
Natural Gas Productive Capacity for the Lower 48 States
Natural Gas Productive Capacity for the Lower-48 States May 2001 Information about this presentation may be obtained from John Wood (firstname.lastname@example.com), Gary Long ...
Outsourcing: Pressure on Suppliers to Expand Services and Lower ...
As the trend for original-equipment manufacturers (OEMs) is to outsource as many ... The demand for expanded (and lower cost) service from suppliers is ... cut lost-time accidents, speed throughput and deliveries, save on energy costs, and so�...
Lower bound estimation for low power high-level synthesis
This paper addresses the problem of estimating lower bounds on the power consumption in scheduled data flow graphs with a fixed number of allocated resources prior to binding. The estimated bound takes into account the effects of resource sharing. It ...
Lars Kruse; Eike Schmidt; Gerd Jochens; Ansgar Stammermann; Wolfgang Nebel
Lower 48 States Coalbed Methane Production (Billion Cubic Feet...
Production (Billion Cubic Feet) Lower 48 States Coalbed Methane Production (Billion Cubic Feet) Decade Year-0 Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5 Year-6 Year-7 Year-8 Year-9 2000's...
Lower 48 States Coalbed Methane Proved Reserves (Billion Cubic...
Proved Reserves (Billion Cubic Feet) Lower 48 States Coalbed Methane Proved Reserves (Billion Cubic Feet) Decade Year-0 Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5 Year-6 Year-7 Year-8...
Mechanical Properties of Lower-cost, Earth-abundant Chalcogenide ...
Presentation Title, Mechanical Properties of Lower-cost, Earth-abundant Chalcogenide Thermoelectric Materials, PbSe and PbS, with Additions of 0 to 4% CdS�...
An Effective Cost Lower Bound for Multistage Stochastic Linear ...
In this context it is useful to have some cost bound in order to assess the quality of the ... programs which provide upper and lower bounds on the optimal cost of.
Lower 48 States Crude Oil + Lease Condensate Proved Reserves...
+ Lease Condensate Proved Reserves (Million Barrels) Lower 48 States Crude Oil + Lease Condensate Proved Reserves (Million Barrels) Decade Year-0 Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5...
Cambodia-Lowering Emissions in Asia's Forests (LEAF) | Open Energy
Cambodia-Lowering Emissions in Asia's Forests (LEAF) Cambodia-Lowering Emissions in Asia's Forests (LEAF) Jump to: navigation, search Name Cambodia-Lowering Emissions in Asia's Forests (LEAF) Agency/Company /Organization United States Agency for International Development Sector Climate, Land Focus Area Biomass, Forestry Topics GHG inventory, Low emission development planning, -LEDS Resource Type Training materials Website http://www.snvworld.org/en/sec Country Cambodia South-Eastern Asia References LEAF[1] "Lowering Emissions in Asia's Forests (LEAF), supported by USAID/RDMA, aims to strengthen the capacity of target countries to achieve meaningful and sustained reductions in GHG emissions from the forestry-land use sector while assisting them in benefitting from the emerging international REDD+
ARM - Field Campaign - Lower Atmospheric Boundary Layer Experiment
govCampaignsLower Atmospheric Boundary Layer Experiment govCampaignsLower Atmospheric Boundary Layer Experiment Campaign Links LABLE Website Related Campaigns 2013 Lower Atmospheric Boundary Layer Experiment 2013.05.28, Turner, SGP Comments? We would love to hear from you! Send us a note below or call us at 1-888-ARM-DATA. Send Campaign : Lower Atmospheric Boundary Layer Experiment 2012.09.17 - 2012.11.13 Lead Scientist : David Turner Description Boundary layer turbulence is an important process that is parameterized in most atmospheric numerical models. Turbulence redistributes energy and mass within the boundary layer. Many different characteristics can impact the character of turbulence in the boundary layer, including different surface types, horizontal wind speed and direction, and the vertical temperature structure of the atmosphere. However, there have been few studies that have
Thailand-Lowering Emissions in Asia's Forests (LEAF) | Open Energy
Thailand-Lowering Emissions in Asia's Forests (LEAF) Thailand-Lowering Emissions in Asia's Forests (LEAF) Jump to: navigation, search Name Thailand-Lowering Emissions in Asia's Forests (LEAF) Agency/Company /Organization United States Agency for International Development Sector Climate, Land Focus Area Biomass, Forestry Topics GHG inventory, Low emission development planning, -LEDS Resource Type Training materials Website http://www.snvworld.org/en/sec Country Thailand South-Eastern Asia References LEAF[1] "Lowering Emissions in Asia's Forests (LEAF), supported by USAID/RDMA, aims to strengthen the capacity of target countries to achieve meaningful and sustained reductions in GHG emissions from the forestry-land use sector while assisting them in benefitting from the emerging international REDD+
EA-0941: Lower Yakima Valley Wetlands and Riparian Restoration Project,
41: Lower Yakima Valley Wetlands and Riparian Restoration 41: Lower Yakima Valley Wetlands and Riparian Restoration Project, Washington EA-0941: Lower Yakima Valley Wetlands and Riparian Restoration Project, Washington SUMMARY This EA evaluates the environmental impacts of the proposal for the U.S. Department of Energy's Bonneville Power Administration to fund that portion of the Washington Wildlife Mitigation Agreement pertaining to the Lower Yakima Valley Wetlands and Riparian Restoration Project (Project) in a cooperative effort with the Yakama Indian Nation and the Bureau of Indian Affairs. The proposed action would allow the sponsors to ensure property and conduct wildlife management activities for the Project within the boundaries of the Yakama Indian Reservation. PUBLIC COMMENT OPPORTUNITIES None available at this time.
MAAP5 BWR Lower Plenum Model Enhancement Description
This report describes proposed enhancements to the Modular Accident Analysis Program (MAAP) lower plenum model for BWRs and PWRs. MAAP is an�EPRI-owned and -licensed computer program that simulates the operation of light water and heavy water moderated nuclear power plants for both current and advanced light water reactor (ALWR) designs.Lower plenum conditions for certain aspects of important severe accident scenarios cannot be adequately simulated in the current version of MAAP. ...
Balanced lines, halving triangles, and the generalized lower bound theorem
A recent result by Pach and Pinchasi on so-called balanced lines of a finite two-colored point set in the plane is related to other facts on halving triangles in 3-space and to a special case of the Generalized Lower Bound Theorem for convex polytopes. Keywords: $k$-sets, Gale transform, Lovasz Lemma, balanced lines, generalized lower bound theorem, halving triangles
Micha Sharir; Emo Welzl
Relativistic effects on nonlinear lower hybrid oscillations in cold plasma
Nonlinear lower hybrid mode in a quasineutral magnetized plasma is analyzed in one space dimension using Lagrangian coordinates. In a cold fluid, we treat electron fluid relativistically, whereas ion fluid nonrelativistically. The homotopy perturbation method is employed to obtain the nonlinear solution which also finds the frequency-amplitude relationship for the lower hybrid mode. The solution indicates that the amplitude of oscillation increases due to the weak relativistic effects. The appearance of density spikes is not ruled out in a magnetized plasma.
Maity, Chandan; Chakrabarti, Nikhil [Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700 064 (India); Sengupta, Sudip [Institute of Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382 428 (India)
The Pandora Particle Flow Algorithm
A high-energy e+e- collider, such as the ILC or CLIC, is arguably the best option to complement and extend the LHC physics programme. A lepton collider will allow for exploration of Standard Model Physics, such as precise measurements of the Higgs, top and gauge sectors, in addition to enabling a multitude of New Physics searches. However, physics analyses at such a collider will place unprecedented demands on calorimetry, with a required jet energy resolution of \\sigma(E)/E energy resolution by fully reconstructing the paths of individual particles through the detector. The energies of charged particles can then be extracted from precise inner detector tracker measurements, whilst photon energies will be measured in the ECAL, and only neutral hadron energies (10% of jet energies) will be measured in the HCAL, largely avoiding the typically poor HCAL resolution. This document introduces the Pandora particle flow algorithms, which offer the current state of the art in particle flow calorimetry for the ILC and CLIC. The performance of the algorithms is investigated by examining the reconstructed jet energy resolution and the ability to separate the hadronic decays of W and Z bosons.
J. S. Marshall; M. A. Thomson
Parallel Algorithms for Image Processing on OMC
The author studies a class of VLSI organizations with optical interconnects for fast solutions to several image processing tasks. The organization and operation of these architectures are based on a generic model called OMC, which is used to understand ... Keywords: OMC, computational complexity, computational limits, computerised picture processing, constant time algorithms, fine grain image computing, free space optics, generic model, image processing, optical information processing, optical interconnects, parallel algorithms, parallel algorithms.
Mary Mehrnoosh Eshaghian
standard simplex algorithm. 2. Pivoting operations. In the next section, we describe column and row pivot- ing operations. This topic is closely related to the �...
Dictionary of Algorithms and Data Structures
... [GBY91] Gaston H. Gonnet and Ricardo Baeza-Yates, Handbook of Algorithms and ... [HS83] Ellis Horowitz and Sartaj Sahni, Fundamentals of Data ...
B. The Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm
was no cooperation, then the upper-right part of the boundary curve in between ...... experiments in machine learning using vector evaluated genetic algorithms.
Efficient Algorithms for Modeling Reacting Flows
the development of efficient numerical algorithms that reduce the time required to model combustion phenomena are of great interest. In this talk I will present the development...
?1 Minimization via Randomized First Order Algorithms
In this paper we propose randomized first-order algorithms for solving bilinear ...... does not require knowledge of ?) is not worse that the �theoretically optimal��...
Handbook of Metaheuristics. Kluwer. Academic Publishers, 2003. J.F. Gon�alves and M.G.C. Resende. Biased random-key genetic algorithms for combinatorial�...
Solar and Moon Position Algorithm (SAMPA)
This algorithm calculates the solar and lunar zenith and azimuth angles in the period from the year -2000 to 6000, with uncertainties of +/- 0.0003 ...
Evaluation of On-ramp Control Algorithms
metering algorithm - high level design, Final Report, Prepared by NETmetering (SWARM) SWARM (Paesani et al. , 1997; Report 3, 1996) is developed by NET and
Jin, Wenlong; Zhang, Michael
Available Technologies: Algorithm for Flexible Bandwidth ...
The general solution to such analysis requires exponential ... the algorithm is of polynomial-time complexity in the worst case scenario, and it is bounded by ...
MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING Between The Numerical Algorithms...
Numerical Algorithms Group Ltd (NAG) with a registered address at: Wilkinson House, Jordan hill Road, Oxford, UK and the University of California, as Management and Operating...
Student's algorithm solves real-world problem
how to use powerful computers to analyze, model, and solve real-world problems," Jordan Medlock wins supercomputer challenge with his algorithm that automates counting and...
... Some terms with a leading variable, such as n ... To look up words or phrases, enter them in ... paths alphabet Alpha Skip Search algorithm alternating ...
are devoted to the description and analysis of algorithms. In Section ..... constant value and then �finish the job� by taking O(??2??2) additional subgradient steps
Fast algorithms for computing the eigenvalue in the Schoof-Elkies-Atkin algorithm
The Schoof-Elkies-Atkin algorithm is the best known algorithm for counting the number of points of an elliptic curve defined over a finite field of large characteristic. Several practical and asymptotical improvements for the phase called eigenvalue ... Keywords: SEA algorithm, elliptic curves, point counting
P. Gaudry; F. Morain
Navy Lowering Upfront Costs to Save Energy | Department of Energy
Navy Lowering Upfront Costs to Save Energy Navy Lowering Upfront Costs to Save Energy Navy Lowering Upfront Costs to Save Energy June 21, 2010 - 11:23am Addthis This hangar at Naval Air Station Meridian in Mississippi received an energy-efficiency makeover that included major lighting retrofits and water conservation measures. | Photo Courtesy U.S. Navy This hangar at Naval Air Station Meridian in Mississippi received an energy-efficiency makeover that included major lighting retrofits and water conservation measures. | Photo Courtesy U.S. Navy Joshua DeLung What does this mean for me? 2 mechanical project upgrades, 16 lighting project upgrades and 19 water conservation measures $267,565 in taxpayer money saved annually 3.1 million gallons of water saved annuallym 1,889 MWh of electricity saved annually and 56,118 therms natural gas saved annually
Savings Project: Lower Water Heating Temperature | Department of Energy
Savings Project: Lower Water Heating Temperature Savings Project: Lower Water Heating Temperature Savings Project: Lower Water Heating Temperature Addthis Project Level Easy Energy Savings $12-$30 annually for each 10ºF reduction Time to Complete 2 hours Overall Cost $0 Turning down your water heater temperature can save energy and money. | Photo courtesy of iStockphoto.com/BanksPhotos Turning down your water heater temperature can save energy and money. | Photo courtesy of iStockphoto.com/BanksPhotos Although some manufacturers set water heater thermostats at 140ºF, most households usually only require them to be set at 120ºF, which also slows mineral buildup and corrosion in your water heater and pipes. Water heated at 140ºF also poses a safety hazard-scalding. Savings resulting from turning down your water heater temperature are based
EM's Strategic Planning Initiative Examines Impact of Lower Funding Targets
EM's Strategic Planning Initiative Examines Impact of Lower Funding EM's Strategic Planning Initiative Examines Impact of Lower Funding Targets EM's Strategic Planning Initiative Examines Impact of Lower Funding Targets February 1, 2012 - 12:00pm Addthis WASHINGTON, D.C. - EM is conducting a strategic planning effort that aims to optimize progress in the organization's environmental cleanup program. As part of efforts to continuously improve the effectiveness and efficiency of resource management and build on the success of the $6 billion EM American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Program, EM headquarters officials are working with staff at EM's 17 field sites to analyze the impact of austere funding projections on project costs and schedules. EM is working to align the cleanup program with current budget realities and prioritize
Experimental investigation of creep behavior of reactor vessel lower head
The objective of the USNRC supported Lower Head Failure (LHF) Experiment Program at Sandia National Laboratories is to experimentally investigate and characterize the failure of the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) lower head due to the thermal and pressure loads of a severe accident. The experimental program is complemented by a modeling program focused on the development of a constitutive formulation for use in standard finite element structure mechanics codes. The problem is of importance because: lower head failure defines the initial conditions of all ex-vessel events; the inability of state-of-the-art models to simulate the result of the TMI-II accident (Stickler, et al. 1993); and TMI-II results suggest the possibility of in-vessel cooling, and creep deformation may be a precursor to water ingression leading to in-vessel cooling.
Chu, T.Y.; Pilch, M.; Bentz, J.H. [Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM (United States); Behbahani, A. [NRC, Washington, DC (United States)
Heatup of the TMI-2 lower head during core relocation
An analysis has been carried out to assess the potential of a melting attack upon the reactor vessel lower head and incore instrument nozzle penetration weldments during the TMI core relocation event at 224 minutes. Calculations were performed to determine the potential for molten corium to undergo breakup into droplets which freeze and form a debris bed versus impinging upon the lower head as one or more coherent streams. The effects of thermal-hydraulic interactions between corium streams and water inside the lower plenum, the effects of the core support assembly structure upon the corium, and the consequences of corium relocation by way of the core former region were examined. 19 refs., 24 figs.
Wang, S.K.; Sienicki, J.J.; Spencer, B.W.
Waste Shipment Tracking Technology Lowers Costs, Increases Efficiency |
Shipment Tracking Technology Lowers Costs, Increases Shipment Tracking Technology Lowers Costs, Increases Efficiency Waste Shipment Tracking Technology Lowers Costs, Increases Efficiency February 27, 2013 - 12:00pm Addthis This graphic shows how the radiofrequency identification technology tracks and monitors packages in transport, in-transit stops and storage. This graphic shows how the radiofrequency identification technology tracks and monitors packages in transport, in-transit stops and storage. The technology developed by EMâs Office of Packaging and Transportation Packaging Certification Program technology development team was selected by the RFID Journal as the "Most Innovated Use of RFIDs.â Team members pictured here include Dr. John Lee, Dr. Yung Liu, Dr. Jim Shuler, Dr. Hanchung Tsai and John Anderson. Team members not pictured are Brian Craig and Dr. Kun Chen.
SRS Recovery Act Completes Major Lower Three Runs Project Cleanup
August 14, 2012 August 14, 2012 AIKEN, S.C. - American Recovery and Reinvestment Act can now claim that 85 percent of the Savannah River Site (SRS) has been cleaned up with the recent completion of the Lower Three Runs (stream) Project. Twenty miles long, Lower Three Runs leaves the main body of the 310-square mile site and runs through parts of Barnwell and Allendale Coun- ties until it flows into the Savannah River. Government property on both sides of the stream acts as a buffer as it runs through privately-owned property. Completing this project reduces the site's footprint by another 10 percent. "We excavated and disposed of over five million pounds of contaminated soil from three specific sites along the stream, erected miles of fence and placed over 2,000 signs in order to make Lower Three Runs safe and to reduce our site's footprint by another 10 percent," said Chris
Lower Water Heating Temperature Lower Water Heating Temperature Savings Project: Lower Water Heating Temperature Addthis Project Level Easy Energy Savings $12-$30 annually for each 10ºF reduction Time to Complete 2 hours Overall Cost $0 Turning down your water heater temperature can save energy and money. | Photo courtesy of iStockphoto.com/BanksPhotos Turning down your water heater temperature can save energy and money. | Photo courtesy of iStockphoto.com/BanksPhotos Although some manufacturers set water heater thermostats at 140ºF, most households usually only require them to be set at 120ºF, which also slows mineral buildup and corrosion in your water heater and pipes. Water heated at 140ºF also poses a safety hazard-scalding. Savings resulting from turning down your water heater temperature are based
Upping Efficiency Standards, Lowering Utility Bills | Department of Energy
Upping Efficiency Standards, Lowering Utility Bills Upping Efficiency Standards, Lowering Utility Bills Upping Efficiency Standards, Lowering Utility Bills September 2, 2010 - 4:17pm Addthis Niketa Kumar Niketa Kumar Public Affairs Specialist, Office of Public Affairs What does this mean for me? Using energy-efficient appliances is one of the easiest and most important ways consumers have to save money. Purchasing energy-efficient appliances is one of the easiest and most important ways consumers have to save money, reduce their electricity consumption and help cut down on carbon pollution. We use appliances every day - to cook our food, cool our homes, heat our water and clean our clothes. In fact, for a typical U.S. family, heating and cooling and water heating account for about 50 percent of utility bills. Home appliances and
Less platinum means lower prices for autos | Department of Energy
Less platinum means lower prices for autos Less platinum means lower prices for autos Less platinum means lower prices for autos January 21, 2010 - 3:29pm Addthis Joshua DeLung You might wear a platinum wedding band, but tucked away in the guts of a car probably isn't where Americans prefer this pricey, precious metallic element to be. Luckily, researchers at 3M's Fuel Cell Component's Program in St. Paul, Minnesota have us covered. 3M has developed technology that will reduce the amount of platinum necessary in a fuel cell system by using nano-catalyst particles that actually make surface atoms more efficient at producing energy. Platinum is needed in fuel cells because no other metals are even close to being as effective at speeding up chemical reactions to make power. 3M is among a handful of fuel cell system suppliers in the U.S., and these advancements
Maryland Small Business Helping Lower Solar Costs | Department of Energy
Maryland Small Business Helping Lower Solar Costs Maryland Small Business Helping Lower Solar Costs Maryland Small Business Helping Lower Solar Costs January 12, 2010 - 9:14am Addthis Joshua DeLung One potential problem with going solar across America is that the up-front costs of installing solar panels are often too high for the average consumer. Though panels can produce mounds of energy savings over a long period of time, the expense of installation is still too high for many. However, stimulus funding awarded to a small, Maryland-based business with six employees - AccuStrata Inc. - by the U.S. Department of Energy under the Recovery Act is helping the company develop technology to eliminate such barriers. AccuStrata was awarded its third Small Business Innovation Research grant of $150,000 in December. These grants will help the company increase the
Lower Colorado River Authority LCRA | Open Energy Information
Lower Colorado River Authority LCRA Lower Colorado River Authority LCRA Jump to: navigation, search Name Lower Colorado River Authority (LCRA) Place Austin, Texas Zip 78703 Product LCRA is a conservation and reclamation district created by the Texas Legislature in 1934. Coordinates 30.267605°, -97.742984° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":30.267605,"lon":-97.742984,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Microsoft Word - Central Ferry-Lower Monumental ROD.doc
1 1 Record of Decision March 2011 Bonneville Power Administration's Central Ferry-Lower Monumental 500-kilovolt Transmission Line Project Record of Decision March 2011 Decision The Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) has decided to construct the proposed Central Ferry-Lower Monumental 500-kilovolt (kV) Transmission Line Project in Garfield, Columbia, and Walla Walla counties, Washington. BPA has decided to implement the Combination A Alternative identified in the Central Ferry-Lower Monumental 500-kV Transmission Line Project Final Environmental Impact Statement (DOE/EIS-0422, February 2011). The Combination A Alternative consists of constructing a new 500-kV transmission line from BPA's new Central Ferry Substation near the Port of Central Ferry in Garfield County generally west
Small Business Helping Lower Solar Costs Small Business Helping Lower Solar Costs Maryland Small Business Helping Lower Solar Costs January 12, 2010 - 9:14am Addthis Joshua DeLung One potential problem with going solar across America is that the up-front costs of installing solar panels are often too high for the average consumer. Though panels can produce mounds of energy savings over a long period of time, the expense of installation is still too high for many. However, stimulus funding awarded to a small, Maryland-based business with six employees - AccuStrata Inc. - by the U.S. Department of Energy under the Recovery Act is helping the company develop technology to eliminate such barriers. AccuStrata was awarded its third Small Business Innovation Research grant of $150,000 in December. These grants will help the company increase the
Modeling Distributed Electricity Generation in the NEMS Buildings ...
Gas Turbine . 900 29 . 900 29 . 900 29 . 900 ... Gas Microturbine . 800 27 . 700 27 . 700 27 . 700 ...
Figure 29: Residential electricity growth rate (percentage)Over Time The residential electricity growth rate indicatesFigure 29: Residential electricity growth rate (percentage)
Administration. 2004c. "Energy Glossary Website."http://www.eia.doe.gov/glossary/. Energy InformationGIS Appendix G. Glossary AEO : The Annual Energy Outlook,
Available Technologies: Ultra High Performance MEMS/NEMS ...
These new inventions offer opportunites for quantum advancements in wireless communication, MEMS capabilities, and mass sensing.
like refrigerators, whose baseload shape is flat, a higherload, yielding a flatter (baseload) profile. However, for a
Modeling Distributed Electricity Generation in the NEMS Buildings Models
This paper presents the modeling methodology, projected market penetration, and impact of distributed generation with respect to offsetting future electricity needs and carbon dioxide emissions in the residential and commercial buildings sector in the Annual Energy Outlook 2000 (AEO2000) reference case.
Erin Boedecker
residential and commercial electricity demand forecasts. The23 Electricity Demandand commercial electricity demand per census division from
Self-biased 215MHz Magnetoelectric NEMS Resonator for Ultra ...
Lighting Enhancement of GaN LEDs by Applying p-Type Ni(P):SnO2 TCO on p- GaN Epitaxial Layer � Localized Temperature Stability in Multilayer LTCC.
h. Pacific i. MidAtlantic 4. Climate Zone shapefile a.must have a field with climate zone ID�s as an integer in apopulation forecasts and climate zone data. The model�s
Efficiency and Renewable Energy U.S. Department of Energyor consumption of energy in the U.S. Figure 2: The 13California Energy Commission 2002) U.S. Regional Energy
Microsoft Word - NEMS CO2 MARKET MODEL FINAL REPORT - APPENDICES...
CO2CCCST(MNUMNR,MJUMPYR) 87metric ton CO2 co2mminc Regional CO2 capture and compression costs EORRESMAX(MNUMNR) Million bbls oil co2mminc Regional Gross EOR reserve limit based...
Engineering Color using Nanostructures Yanhui Zhao@BioNEMS
, such as projects using satellite technology for healthcare delivery in West Africa and solar dish Stirling engines guidance and direction for the project. Washington State University College of Engineering and Architecture Junior Ballroom (CUB 210) Washington State University Pullman campus #12;College of Engineering
Yener, Aylin
Dual extragradient algorithms extended to equilibrium problems
In this paper we propose two iterative schemes for solving equilibrium problems which are called dual extragradient algorithms. In contrast with the primal extragradient methods in Quoc et al. (Optimization 57(6):749---776, 2008) which require ... Keywords: Complexity, Dual extragradient algorithm, Equilibrium problem, Gap function, Nash-Cournot equilibria
Tran D. Quoc; Pham N. Anh; Le D. Muu
A novel algorithm for dynamic task scheduling
This paper deals with the problem of dynamic task scheduling in grid environment of multi-processors. First, this paper formulates task scheduling as an optimization problem and then optimizes with a novel hybrid optimization algorithm. The proposed ... Keywords: Bacteria foraging optimization, Genetic algorithms, Grid computing, Task scheduling
Sasmita Kumari Nayak; Sasmita Kumari Padhy; Siba Prasada Panigrahi
Songs and the analysis of algorithms
In teaching a course that includes the analysis of algorithms, songs can be used as teaching examples. Multiple examples can be done at one time, or in one homework set, without the background explanation required to analyze real algorithms. Many components ...
Darrah Chavey
Communication and Computation in Distributed CSP Algorithms
Communication and Computation in Distributed CSP Algorithms C`esar Fern`andez1 , Ram´on B´ejar1 in the context of networked distributed systems. In order to study the performance of Distributed CSP (DisCSP consider two complete DisCSP algorithms: asynchronous backtracking (ABT) and asynchronous weak commitment
Krishnamachari, Bhaskar
Computer Vision Algorithms on Reconfigurable Logic Arrays
Abstract�Computer vision algorithms are natural candidates for high performance computing systems. Algorithms in computer vision are characterized by complex and repetitive operations on large amounts of data involving a variety of data interactions ... Keywords: Reconfigurable computing, computer vision, image processing, image segmentation, neural networks, fingerprint matching.
Nalini K. Ratha; Anil K. Jain
Hybrid algorithms for adaptive array systems
In recent years, mobile communications have caused an explosive growth to the number of wireless users. This growth has triggered an enormous demand not only for capacity but also for better coverage and quality of services with priority on interference ... Keywords: adaptive arrays, beamforming, least mean squares algorithm, mobile communications, sample matrix inversion algorithm, smart antennas
D. Papadimitriou; I. O. Vardiambasis
Domestic load scheduling using genetic algorithms
An approach using a genetic algorithm to optimize the scheduling of domestic electric loads, according to technical and user-defined constraints and input signals, is presented and illustrative results are shown. The aim is minimizing the end-user's ... Keywords: automated energy management, domestic load scheduling, electric loads, genetic algorithms
Ana Soares; �llvaro Gomes; Carlos Henggeler Antunes; Hugo Cardoso
Multithread parallelization of Lepp-bisection algorithms
Longest edge (nested) algorithms for triangulation refinement in two dimensions are able to produce hierarchies of quality and nested irregular triangulations as needed both for adaptive finite element methods and for multigrid methods. They can be formulated ... Keywords: Finite element method, Lepp-bisection algorithm, Longest edge bisection, Parallel multithread refinement, Triangulation refinement
Maria-Cecilia Rivara; Pedro Rodriguez; Rafael Montenegro; Gaston Jorquera
Generalized stack algorithms for decoding convolutional codes
A new class of generalized stack algorithms for decoding convolutional codes is presented. It is based on the Zigangirov-Jelinek (Z-J) algorithm but, instead of extending just the top node of the stack at all times, a number of the most likely paths ...
D. Haccoun; M. Ferguson
Video search: are algorithms all we need?
This panel will debate various approaches to improving video search, and explore how professional cataloguing, crowd sourced metadata, and improvements in search algorithms will evolve over the next ten years. Panelists will explore the needs of large ... Keywords: algorithms, archives, design, search, video
Jeff Ubois; Jamie Davidson; Marko Grobelnik; Paul Over; Hans Westerhof
Gradient based variable forgetting factor RLS algorithm
An accurate new variable forgetting factor recursive least-square adaptive algorithm is derived. An improved mean square behaviour analysis is presented, which shows that the theoretical analysis and the simulation results are close to each other. The ... Keywords: RLS algorithm, adaptive filters, variable forgetting factor
C. F. So; S. C. Ng; S. H. Leung
Jumping ant routing algorithm for sensor networks
Enterprises that may rely on critical equipments which are constantly moving around, for example, hospitals - need to ensure they can know the current location of vital but mobile assets. Besides, the sensor node on each device should inform us whether ... Keywords: ARAMA (Ant Routing Algorithm for Mobile Ad-hoc Networks), Ad-hoc, JARA (Jumping Ant Routing Algorithm), MANET
Wei-Ming Chen; Chung-Sheng Li; Fu-Yu Chiang; Han-Chieh Chao
Hierarchical geometric models for visible surface algorithms
The geometric structure inherent in the definition of the shapes of three-dimensional objects and environments is used not just to define their relative motion and placement, but also to assist in solving many other problems of systems for producing ... Keywords: geometric models, hidden surface algorithms, hierarchical data structures, visible surface algorithms
James H. Clark
Nonlinear piecewise polynomial approximation: Theory and Algorithms
algorithms for compression and quick rendering of Digital Terrain Elevation Data (DTED) maps and implement by these and further theoretical results, we develop e�?cient practical algorithms for compression and quick rendering linear approximation 23 2.3. Slim B-spaces 32 2.4. Skinny B-spaces 42 2.5. Fat B-spaces: The link
Karaivanov, Borislav
algorithms for compression and quick rendering of Digital Terrain Elevation Data (DTED) maps and implement results, we develop efficient practical algorithms for compression and quick rendering of Digital Terrain approximation 23 2.3. Slim B-spaces 32 2.4. Skinny B-spaces 42 2.5. Fat B-spaces: The link to Besov spaces 46 2
A new algorithm for gas network simulation
The simulation of natural gas networks has a growing importance for operators of networks. In this paper a new simulation algorithm based on the node potential analysis is presented. The approach is to evaluate analogies between electrical circuits and ... Keywords: algorithms, gas, modeling, networks, nonlinearities, simulation
Jens R�diger; Jurij Schiebelbein; Rainhart Lunderst�dt; Joachim Horn
Quantum Algorithm to Solve Satisfiability Problems
A new quantum algorithm is proposed to solve Satisfiability(SAT) problems by taking advantage of non-unitary transformation in ground state quantum computer. The energy gap scale of the ground state quantum computer is analyzed for 3-bit Exact Cover problems. The time cost of this algorithm on general SAT problems is discussed.
Wenjin Mao
Bat algorithm: literature review and applications
Bat algorithm BA is a bio-inspired algorithm developed by Xin-She Yang in 2010 and BA has been found to be very efficient. As a result, the literature has expanded significantly in the last three years. This paper provides a timely review of the bat ...
Xin-She Yang, Xingshi He
An energy complexity model for algorithms
Energy consumption has emerged as a first class computing resource for both server systems and personal computing devices. The growing importance of energy has led to rethink in hardware design, hypervisors, operating systems and compilers. Algorithm ... Keywords: energy efficient algorithms, parallel disk i/o model
Swapnoneel Roy; Atri Rudra; Akshat Verma
LES algorithm for turbulent reactive flows simulation
The paper presents the development and implementation of a Large Eddy Simulation numerical algorithm for simulating turbulent reactive flows. The numerical algorithm is based on a 5 step modified Runge - Kutta numerical scheme with a dual time stepping ... Keywords: Runge - Kutta numerical scheme, large eddy simulation, linear eddy model
Ionut Porumbel; Cristian C�rl?nescu; Florin Gabriel Florean; Constantin Eusebiu Hritcu
A novel mating approach for genetic algorithms
Genetic algorithms typically use crossover, which relies on mating a set of selected parents. As part of crossover, random mating is often carried out. A novel approach to parent mating is presented in this work. Our novel approach can be applied in ... Keywords: Genetic algorithms, mating index, mating strategies, premature convergence, self-adaptive mating
Severino F. Gal�n; Ole J. Mengshoel; Rafael Pinter
Competitive Ratio Analysis of Online Algorithms to Minimize Data Transmission Time in Energy Harvesting Communication System
We consider the optimal online packet scheduling problem in a single-user energy harvesting wireless communication system, where energy is harvested from natural renewable sources, making future energy arrivals instants and amounts random in nature. The most general case of arbitrary energy arrivals is considered where neither the future energy arrival instants or amount, nor their distribution is known. The problem considered is to adaptively change the transmission rate according to the causal energy arrival information, such that the time by which all packets are delivered is minimized. We assume that all bits have arrived and are ready at the source before the transmission begins. For a minimization problem, the utility of an online algorithm is tested by finding its competitive ratio or competitiveness that is defined to be the maximum of the ratio of the gain of the online algorithm with the optimal offline algorithm over all input sequences. We derive a lower and upper bound on the competitive ratio of...
Vaze, Rahul
Algorithms for improved performance in cryptographic protocols.
Public key cryptographic algorithms provide data authentication and non-repudiation for electronic transmissions. The mathematical nature of the algorithms, however, means they require a significant amount of computation, and encrypted messages and digital signatures possess high bandwidth. Accordingly, there are many environments (e.g. wireless, ad-hoc, remote sensing networks) where public-key requirements are prohibitive and cannot be used. The use of elliptic curves in public-key computations has provided a means by which computations and bandwidth can be somewhat reduced. We report here on the research conducted in an LDRD aimed to find even more efficient algorithms and to make public-key cryptography available to a wider range of computing environments. We improved upon several algorithms, including one for which a patent has been applied. Further we discovered some new problems and relations on which future cryptographic algorithms may be based.
Schroeppel, Richard Crabtree; Beaver, Cheryl Lynn
1-Safe Algorithms for Symmetric Site Configurations
In order to provide database availability in the presence of node and site failures, traditional 1-safe algorithms disallow primary and hot standby replicas to be located at the same site. This means that the failure of a single primary node must be handled like a failure of the entire primary site. Furthermore, this excludes symmetric site configurations, where the primary replicas are located at the site closest to the accessing clients. In this paper, we present three novel 1-safe algorithms that allow the above restrictions to be removed. The relative performance of these and the traditional algorithms are evaluated by means of simulation studies. Our main conclusion is that the restrictions of the traditional algorithms can be removed without significantly increasing the processing overhead, during normal operation. From an evaluation based on performance, availability, and transaction durability, the novel dependency tracking algorithm provides the best overall solution. 1 Intro...
Rune Humborstad; Maitrayi Sabaratnam; Svein-olaf Hvasshovd; Ystein Torbjrnsen
Dynamically Forced Increase of Tropical Upwelling in the Lower Stratosphere
Drivers of upwelling in the tropical lower stratosphere are investigated using the E39C-A chemistry�climate model. The climatological annual cycle in upwelling and its wave forcing are compared to the interim ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim). The ...
Hella Garny; Martin Dameris; William Randel; Greg E. Bodeker; Rudolf Deckert
Echo phenomenon associated with lower-hybrid-wave launching
Lower hybrid waves at two different frequencies f/sub 1/ and f/sub 2/ are launched simultaneously from two localized antennas, and a third wave is observed to arise near the plasma edge at the frequency f = f/sub 2/ - f/sub 1/. This phenomenon can be explained by an echo effect near the plasma surface.
Wong, K.L.; Skiff, F.; Ono, M.
Lake-Effect Thunderstorms in the Lower Great Lakes
Cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning, radar, and radiosonde data were examined to determine how frequently lake-effect storms (rain/snow) with lightning occurred over and near the lower Great Lakes region (Lakes Erie and Ontario) from September 1995 ...
Scott M. Steiger; Robert Hamilton; Jason Keeler; Richard E. Orville
Lower 48 Federal Offshore Coalbed Methane Proved Reserves (Billion...
Lower 48 Federal Offshore Coalbed Methane Proved Reserves (Billion Cubic Feet) Decade Year-0 Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5 Year-6 Year-7 Year-8 Year-9 2000's 0 0 0 0 0 2010's...
Is there Lower Limit to Velocity or Velocity Change?
Here we explore the possibility of a lower limit to velocity or velocity change which is 20 orders of magnitude smaller than the speed of light and explore the various observable signatures including those in cosmic rays and gamma ray bursts.
B. N. Sreenath; Kenath Arun; C. Sivaram
Tempered Water Lower Port Connector Structural Analysis Verification
Structural analysis of the lower port connection of the Tempered Water System of the Cold Vacuum Drying Facility was performed. Subsequent detailed design changes to enhance operability resulted in the need to re-evaluate the bases of the original analysis to verify its continued validity. This evaluation is contained in Appendix A of this report. The original evaluation is contained in Appendix B.
Variability in Daily, Zonal Mean Lower-Stratospheric Temperatures
Satellite data from the microwave sounding unit (MSU) channel 4, when carefully merged, provide daily zonal anomalies of lower-stratosphere temperature with a level of precision between 0.01� and 0.08�C per 2.5� latitude band. Global averages of ...
John R. Christy; S. James Drouilhet Jr.
Jet Observables Without Jet Algorithms
We introduce a new class of event shapes to characterize the jet-like structure of an event. Like traditional event shapes, our observables are infrared/collinear safe and involve a sum over all hadrons in an event, but like a jet clustering algorithm, they incorporate a jet radius parameter and a transverse momentum cut. Three of the ubiquitous jet-based observables---jet multiplicity, summed scalar transverse momentum, and missing transverse momentum---have event shape counterparts that are closely correlated with their jet-based cousins. Due to their "local" computational structure, these jet-like event shapes could potentially be used for trigger-level event selection at the LHC. Intriguingly, the jet multiplicity event shape typically takes on non-integer values, highlighting the inherent ambiguity in defining jets. By inverting jet multiplicity, we show how to characterize the transverse momentum of the n-th hardest jet without actually finding the constituents of that jet. Since many physics applications do require knowledge about the jet constituents, we also build a hybrid event shape that incorporates (local) jet clustering information. As a straightforward application of our general technique, we derive an event-shape version of jet trimming, allowing event-wide jet grooming without explicit jet identification. Finally, we briefly mention possible applications of our method for jet substructure studies.
Daniele Bertolini; Tucker Chan; Jesse Thaler
Using Genetic Algorithms to Optimize ACS-TSP
We propose the addition of Genetic Algorithms to Ant Colony System (ACS) applied to improve performance. Two modifications are proposed and tested. The first algorithm is a hybrid between ACS-TSP and a Genetic Algorithm that encodes experimental variables ...
Marcin L. Pilat; Tony White
Has my algorithm succeeded? an evaluator for human pose estimators
Most current vision algorithms deliver their output 'as is', without indicating whether it is correct or not. In this paper we propose evaluator algorithms that predict if a vision algorithm has succeeded. We illustrate this idea for the case ...
Nataraj Jammalamadaka; Andrew Zisserman; Marcin Eichner; Vittorio Ferrari; C. V. Jawahar
Improvement of Surface Longwave Flux Algorithms Used in CERES Processing
An improvement was developed and tested for surface longwave flux algorithms used in the Clouds and the Earth�s Radiant Energy System processing based on lessons learned during the validation of global results of those algorithms. The algorithms ...
Shashi K. Gupta; David P. Kratz; Paul W. Stackhouse Jr.; Anne C. Wilber; Taiping Zhang; Victor E. Sothcott
Accessibility of Analysis of Algorithms: from programming to problem solving
In Introduction to Analysis of Algorithms, students' first experience applying a combination of computer science theory and mathematics to paper-based problem solving, analysis of pre-developed algorithms, and proofs of algorithmic run-times. ...
Karina V Assiter
Asynchronous Event-Driven Particle Algorithms
We present, in a unifying way, the main components of three asynchronous event-driven algorithms for simulating physical systems of interacting particles. The first example, hard-particle molecular dynamics (MD), is well-known. We also present a recently-developed diffusion kinetic Monte Carlo (DKMC) algorithm, as well as a novel stochastic molecular-dynamics algorithm that builds on the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC). We explain how to effectively combine event-driven and classical time-driven handling, and discuss some promises and challenges for event-driven simulation of realistic physical systems.
Donev, A
We present in a unifying way the main components of three examples of asynchronous event-driven algorithms for simulating physical systems of interacting particles. The first example, hard-particle molecular dynamics (MD), is well-known. We also present a recently-developed diffusion kinetic Monte Carlo (DKMC) algorithm, as well as a novel event-driven algorithm for Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC). Finally, we describe how to combine MD with DSMC in an event-driven framework, and discuss some promises and challenges for event-driven simulation of realistic physical systems.
Quantum Algorithms for Quantum Field Theories
Quantum field theory reconciles quantum mechanics and special relativity, and plays a central role in many areas of physics. We develop a quantum algorithm to compute relativistic scattering probabilities in a massive quantum field theory with quartic self-interactions (phi-fourth theory) in spacetime of four and fewer dimensions. Its run time is polynomial in the number of particles, their energy, and the desired precision, and applies at both weak and strong coupling. In the strong-coupling and high-precision regimes, our quantum algorithm achieves exponential speedup over the fastest known classical algorithm.
Jordan, Stephen P; Preskill, John
Stephen P. Jordan; Keith S. M. Lee; John Preskill
Detecting a Spin Transition Zone in Earth's Lower Mantle | Advanced
A 450-million-year-old Protein Reveals Evolution's Steps A 450-million-year-old Protein Reveals Evolution's Steps What Keeps Bugs from Being Bigger? A Mystery No More Understanding Materials Under High Pressure Malaria-resistant Mosquitoes Battle Disease with "Molecular Warhead" Science Highlights Archives: 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 2001 | 2000 | 1998 | Subscribe to APS Science Highlights rss feed Detecting a Spin Transition Zone in Earth's Lower Mantle SEPTEMBER 21, 2007 Bookmark and Share Schematic illustration of in situ x-ray emission spectroscopy combined with x-ray diffraction and double-sided laser heating techniques for studies of electronic spin states of iron in ferropericlase (Mg0.75,Fe0.25)O and its crystal structure at relevant pressures and temperatures for the lower
Tropospheric and Lower Stratospheric Temperature Anomalies Based on Global
Tropospheric and Lower Stratospheric Temperature Anomalies Based on Global Tropospheric and Lower Stratospheric Temperature Anomalies Based on Global Radiosonde Network Data DOI: 10.3334/CDIAC/cli.004 data Data image Graphics Investigators Alexander M. Sterin Russian Research Institute for Hydrometeorological Information-World Data Center (RIHMI-WDC), 6, Korolyov str., Obninsk, Kaluga region, Russia, 249035 Period of Record January, 1958 - September, 2005 (relative to the average for 1961-1975). Methods The observed radiosonde data from the Comprehensive Aerological Reference Data Set (CARDS) (Eskridge et al. 1995) were taken as the primary input for obtaining the series. These data were for the global radiosonde observational network through 2001. Since 2002, the AEROSTAB data (uper-air observations obtained through communication channels), collected at
Lower 48 States Natural Gas Liquids Lease Condensate, Reserves Based
Reserves Based Production (Million Barrels) Reserves Based Production (Million Barrels) Lower 48 States Natural Gas Liquids Lease Condensate, Reserves Based Production (Million Barrels) Decade Year-0 Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5 Year-6 Year-7 Year-8 Year-9 1970's 147 1980's 159 161 157 157 179 168 169 162 162 165 1990's 158 153 147 153 157 145 162 174 178 199 2000's 208 215 207 191 182 174 182 181 173 178 2010's 224 211 - = No Data Reported; -- = Not Applicable; NA = Not Available; W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. Release Date: 8/1/2013 Next Release Date: 8/1/2014 Referring Pages: Lease Condensate Estimated Production Lower 48 States Lease Condensate Proved Reserves, Reserve Changes, and Production Lease Condensate
Lower Granite Dam Smolt Monitoring Program, 1999 Annual Report.
The 1999 fish collection season at Lower Granite was characterized by high spring flows and spill, low levels of debris, cool water temperatures, increased hatchery chinook numbers, and an overall decrease in numbers of smolts collected and transported. A total of 5,882,872 juvenile salmonids were collected at Lower Granite. Of these, 5,466,057 were transported to release sites below Bonneville Dam, 5,232,105 by barge and 233,952 by truck. An additional 339,398 fish were bypassed back to the river. A total of 117,609 salmonids were examined in daily samples. Nine research projects conducted by four agencies impacted a total of 440,810 smolts (7.5% of the total collected) of which 247,268 were PIT tagged and 572 were recorded as incidental mortalities.
Verhey, Peter; Morrill, Charles; Mensik, Fred
Lower Flathead System Fisheries Study, 1985 Annual Report.
Existing aquatic habitat in the lower Flathead River and its tributaries was assessed for its relationship to the present size, distribution, and maintenance of all salmonid species, northern pike, and largemouth bass populations. The objectives were to assess how and to what extent hydroelectric development and operation affects the quality and quantity of aquatic habitat in the lower Flathead River and its tributaries and life stages of existing trout, pike, and largemouth bass populations, evaluate the potential for increasing quality habitat, and thus game fish production, through mitigation, and develop an array of fisheries management options to mitigate the impacts of present hydroelectric operations, demonstrating under each management option how fish populations would benefit and hydroelectric generation capabilities would be modified.
Pajak, Paul; Bradshaw, William H.; DeSantos, Joseph M.; Darling, James E.
Consumer Tips for Lowering Your Utility Bill | Open Energy Information
Consumer Tips for Lowering Your Utility Bill Consumer Tips for Lowering Your Utility Bill Jump to: navigation, search Whether you are a residential or commercial customer, your monthly utility bill contains a wide range of data such as how much energy you use, what your current rate is, and detailed fees. Depending on how much information your utility provider offers, you can refer to it along with these tips to reduce your energy use and save money. For in-depth tips on saving energy and money at home, visit EnergySavers.gov. If you have 13 months of historical data on your bill: See if you're using more energy now than you did during the same month last year. Are you using more energy? Look for ways to use less electricity such as purchasing energy efficient appliances and lighting and using a programmable thermostat.
BPA/Lower Valley Transmission Project Final Environmental Impact Statement
1 1 Summary Summary * The Purpose and Need for Action * Alternatives * Affected Environment * Impacts This summary gives the major points of the Final Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) prepared for the BPA/Lower Valley Transmission Project by Bonneville Power Administration (BPA). BPA is the lead federal agency on this project and supervises the preparation of the EIS. The U.S. Forest Service is a cooperating agency and assists BPA in EIS preparation. The Targhee and Bridger-Teton National Forests are crossed by BPA's existing transmission line and some of the alternatives. S.1 Purpose and Need For Action S.1.1 BPA Lower Valley Power and Light, Inc. (LVPL) buys electricity from BPA and then supplies it to the residences, farms and businesses of the Jackson and Afton, Wyoming areas. Since the late 1980s,
Nonlinear lower-hybrid oscillations in cold plasma
In a fluid description nonlinear lower-hybrid oscillation have been studied in a cold quasineutral magnetized plasma using Lagrangian variables. An exact analytical solution with nontrivial space and time dependence is obtained. The solution demonstrates that under well defined initial and boundary conditions the amplitude of the oscillations increases due to nonlinearity and then comes back to its initial condition again. These solutions indicate a class of nonlinear transient structures in magnetized plasma.
Maity, Chandan; Chakrabarti, Nikhil [Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Calcutta 700 064 (India); Sengupta, Sudip [Institute of Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382428 (India)
Debunching into a bucket of lower harmonic number
The adiabatic debunching of beam from buckets of higher harmonic number into waiting buckets of lower harmonic number is a critical step in the current scheme of operation for Tev I. The optimum choice of rf system parameters for this ''bunch coalescing'' process is not immediately obvious. In this note two examples are presented along with generalizations based upon them and experience with the Tevatron I design which can simplify the selection of appropriate parameters for different conditions.
MacLachlan, J.A.; Griffin, J.E.
Lower Granite Dam Smolt Monitoring Program, 1998 Annual Report.
The 1998 fish collection season at Lower Granite was characterized by relatively moderate spring flows and spill, moderate levels of debris, cool spring, warm summer and fall water temperatures, and increased chinook numbers, particularly wild subyearling chinook collected and transported. The Fish Passage Center's Smolt Monitoring Program is designed to provide a consistent, real-time database on fish passage and document the migrational characteristics of the many stocks of salmon and steelhead in the Columbia Basin.
Verhey, Peter; Ross, Doug; Morrill, Charles (Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Olympia, WA)
Lower Granite Dam Smolt Monitoring Program; 1997 Annual Report.
The 1997 fish collection season at Lower Granite was characterized by high spring flows, extensive spill, cool spring and early summer water temperatures and comparatively low numbers of fish, particularly yearling chinook. The Fish Passage Center's Smolt Monitoring Program is designed to provide a consistent, real-time database of fish passage and document the migrational characteristics of the many stocks of salmon and steelhead in the Columbia Basin.
Verhey, Peter; Witalis, Shirley; Morrill, Charles (Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Olympia, WA)
On the toroidal plasma rotations induced by lower hybrid waves
A theoretical model is developed to explain the plasma rotations induced by lower hybrid waves in Alcator C-Mod. In this model, torodial rotations are driven by the Lorentz force on the bulk-electron flow across flux surfaces, which is a response of the plasma to the resonant-electron flow across flux surfaces induced by the lower hybrid waves. The flow across flux surfaces of the resonant electrons and the bulk electrons are coupled through the radial electric field initiated by the resonant electrons, and the friction between ions and electrons transfers the toroidal momentum to ions from electrons. An improved quasilinear theory with gyrophase dependent distribution function is developed to calculate the perpendicular resonant-electron flow. Toroidal rotations are determined using a set of fluid equations for bulk electrons and ions, which are solved numerically by a finite-difference method. Numerical results agree well with the experimental observations in terms of flow profile and amplitude. The model explains the strong correlation between torodial flow and internal inductance observed experimentally, and predicts both counter-current and co-current flows, depending on the perpendicular wave vectors of the lower hybrid waves.
Guan Xiaoyin; Fisch, Nathaniel J. [Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08543 (United States); Qin Hong [Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08543 (United States); Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 (China); Liu Jian [Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 (China)
On the Toroidal Plasma Rotations Induced by Lower Hybrid Waves
A theoretical model is developed to explain the plasma rotations induced by lower hybrid waves in Alcator C-Mod. In this model, torodial rotations are driven by the Lorentz force on the bulk electron flow across flux surfaces, which is a response of the plasma to the resonant-electron flow across flux surfaces induced by the lower hybrid waves. The flow across flux surfaces of the resonant electrons and the bulk electrons are coupled through the radial electric fi eld initiated by the resonant electrons, and the friction between ions and electrons transfers the toroidal momentum to ions from electrons. An improved quasilinear theory with gyrophase dependent distribution function is developed to calculate the perpendicular resonant-electron flow. Toroidal rotations are determined using a set of fluid equations for bulk electrons and ions, which are solved numerically by a fi nite- difference method. Numerical results agree well with the experimental observations in terms of flow pro file and amplitude. The model explains the strong correlation between torodial flow and internal inductance observed experimentally, and predicts both counter-current and co-current flows, depending on the perpendicular wave vectors of the lower hybrid waves. __________________________________________________
Xiaoyin Guan, Hong Qin, Jian Liu and Nathaniel J. Fisch
Lower Ray River Geothermal Area | Open Energy Information
Lower Ray River Geothermal Area Lower Ray River Geothermal Area Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Geothermal Resource Area: Lower Ray River Geothermal Area Contents 1 Area Overview 2 History and Infrastructure 3 Regulatory and Environmental Issues 4 Exploration History 5 Well Field Description 6 Geology of the Area 7 Geofluid Geochemistry 8 NEPA-Related Analyses (0) 9 Exploration Activities (0) 10 References Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"TERRAIN","zoom":6,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"500px","height":"300px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":65.9839,"lon":-150.5797,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Lower 48 States Natural Gas Working Underground Storage (Billion Cubic
Lower 48 States Natural Gas Working Underground Storage (Billion Cubic Feet) Lower 48 States Natural Gas Working Underground Storage (Billion Cubic Feet) Lower 48 States Natural Gas Working Underground Storage (Billion Cubic Feet) Year-Month Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 End Date Value End Date Value End Date Value End Date Value End Date Value 1993-Dec 12/31 2,322 1994-Jan 01/07 2,186 01/14 2,019 01/21 1,782 01/28 1,662 1994-Feb 02/04 1,470 02/11 1,303 02/18 1,203 02/25 1,149 1994-Mar 03/04 1,015 03/11 1,004 03/18 952 03/25 965 1994-Apr 04/01 953 04/08 969 04/15 1,005 04/22 1,085 04/29 1,161 1994-May 05/06 1,237 05/13 1,325 05/20 1,403 05/27 1,494
Spectral Bounds for Sparse PCA: Exact and Greedy Algorithms
computational costs and promote better generalization in learning algorithms. .... of an algorithm is to plot its variance curve �v(k) and compare it with the optimal�...
An Approximation Algorithm for Constructing Error Detecting Prefix ...
Sep 2, 2006 ... Washington, DC, USA, june 2001. A The Modified BRCI Algorithm. Before describing the modified BRCI algorithm, we shall discuss some�...
Strongly Polynomial Primal-Dual Algorithms for Concave Cost ...
Feb 13, 2012 ... This technique yields a strongly polynomial primal-dual algorithm for a concave cost problem whenever such an algorithm exists for the�...
Feb 13, 2012 ... Concave Cost Combinatorial Optimization Problems? ... algorithm for a concave cost problem whenever such an algorithm exists for the fixed-.
Window Memoization In Software As Applied To Image Processing Algorithms.
??A new local image processing algorithm, the Tahir algorithm, is an adaptation to the standard low-pass filter. Its design is for images that have the� (more)
Jaffer, Tahir
Evaluating Heuristic Optimization Phase Order Search Algorithms
Program-specific or function-specific optimization phase sequences are universally accepted to achieve better overall performance than any fixed optimization phase ordering. A number of heuristic phase order space search algorithms have been devised ...
Prasad A. Kulkarni; David B. Whalley; Gary S. Tyson
Advanced CHP Control Algorithms: Scope Specification
The primary objective of this multiyear project is to develop algorithms for combined heat and power systems to ensure optimal performance, increase reliability, and lead to the goal of clean, efficient, reliable and affordable next generation energy systems.
Katipamula, Srinivas; Brambley, Michael R.
EOF-Based Linear Prediction Algorithm: Theory
This study considers the theory of a general three-dimensional (space and time) statistical prediction/extrapolation algorithm. The predictor is in the form of a linear data filter. The prediction kernel is based on the minimization of prediction ...
Kwang-Y. Kim; Gerald R. North
An exact tree projection algorithm for wavelets
approach has its roots in the minimal cost-complexity pruning algorithm for .... is obtained by identifying the set ? ? Tk on which y has maximum energy. ... To maximize efficiency, optimal subtrees are in fact only found for all cardinalities which.
Algorithmic randomness, quantum physics, and incompleteness
Is randomness in quantum mechanics �algorithmically random�? Is there any relation between Heisenberg's uncertainty relation and G�del's incompleteness? Can quantum randomness be used to trespass the Turing's barrier? Can ...
Cristian S. Calude
Tracking Algorithm for Multi- Dimensional Array Transposition
He, SC2002 1 MPI and OpenMP Paradigms on Cluster of SMP Architectures: the Vacancy Tracking Algorithm for Multi- Dimensional Array Transposition Yun (Helen) He and Chris Ding...
Jun 18, 2009 ... solving the nuclear norm minimization problem [33]. By incorporating .... more information on the theory and algorithms for compressed sensing. The matrix rank ..... is called the unrecoverable energy (see [36]). Furthermore�...
Edge Detection Algorithm for SST Images
An algorithm to detect fronts in satellite-derived sea surface temperature fields is presented. Although edge detection is the main focus, the problem of cloud detection is also addressed since unidentified clouds can lead to erroneous edge ...
Jean-Fran�ois Cayula; Peter Cornillon
Visualization in Medicine: Theory, Algorithms, and Applications
Visualization in Medicine is the first book on visualization and its application to problems in medical diagnosis, education, and treatment. The book describes the algorithms, the applications and their validation (how reliable are the results?), ... Keywords: Computer Graphics
Bernhard Preim; Dirk Bartz
Solar Position Algorithm (SPA) - Energy Innovation Portal
This algorithm calculates the solar zenith and azimuth angles in the period from the year -2000 to 6000, with uncertainties of +/- 0.0003 degrees based on the date ...
Exact Algorithms for Combinatorial Optimization Problems with ...
Fuchs [10] showed that the problem of finding a minimum-power connected network with ... receiving node, in the latter all nodes except the source are addressed. ..... As an alternative, one could use an algorithm for general submodular�...
Algorithms and Representations for Visual Recognition
a uniformly spaced linear B-Spline basis centered at theseinteresting connections between B-Spline basis and histogramand degree of the B-Splines, our proposed learning algorithm
Maji, Subhransu
A hardware accelerator for speech recognition algorithms
This paper describes two custom architectures tailored to a speech recognition beam search algorithm. Both architectures have been simulated using real data and the results of the simulation are presented. The paper also describes the design process ...
T. S. Anantharaman; R. Bisiani
A Nonlinear Programming Algorithm for Solving Semidefinite ...
Mar 9, 2001 ... The following fundamental proposition (whose proof can be found for ...... As stated in Section 3, the augmented Lagrangian algorithm does not have ...... In R. Saigal, L. Vandenberghe, and H. Wolkowicz, editors, Handbook of�...
subspace accelerated matrix splitting algorithms for bound ...
Their algorithm uses a projected gradient search in the first phase ..... eration is generally superior to a projected gradient iteration in terms of identifying an optimal ..... Once the subspace step has been computed, we enter Step 3 and compute.
The systems biology simulation core algorithm
Keller et al. : The systems biology simulation core algo-rithm. BMC Systems Biology 2013 7:55. Page 16 of 16 SubmitMacilwain C: Systems biology: evolving into the mainstream.
... method for function mini- mization over Rn. (See [18] for a detailed treatment of the algorithm). At each iteration,. ?LA-UR-06-7416. �email: email@example.com.
net- works and development of a Fuzzy Logic Ramp Meteringmetering algorithm - high level design, Final Report, Prepared by NETset the new metering rate The most important function of net
Zhang, Michael; Kim, Taewan; Nie, Xiaojian; Jin, Wenlong; Chu, Lianyu; Recker, Will
An algorithmic approach to social networks
Social networks consist of a set of individuals and some form of social relationship that ties the individuals together. In this thesis, we use algorithmic techniques to study three aspects of social networks: (1) we analyze ...
Liben-Nowell, David
Student's algorithm solves real-world problem Student's algorithm solves real-world problem Supercomputing Challenge: student's algorithm solves real-world problem Students learn how to use powerful computers to analyze, model, and solve real-world problems. April 3, 2012 Jordon Medlock of Albuquerque's Manzano High School won the 2012 Lab-sponsored Supercomputing Challenge Jordon Medlock of Albuquerque's Manzano High School won the 2012 Lab-sponsored Supercomputing Challenge by creating a computer algorithm that automates the process of counting and analyzing plaques, substances in the blood such as fat and cholesterol found in persons diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Contact Kurt Steinhaus (505) 665-7370 Email "The mission of the Supercomputing Challenge is to teach students how to use powerful computers to analyze, model, and solve real-world problems,"
Exactness of the original Grover search algorithm
It is well-known that when searching one out of four, the original Grover's search algorithm is exact; that is, it succeeds with certainty. It is natural to ask the inverse question: If we are not searching one out of four, is Grover's algorithm definitely not exact? In this article we give a complete answer to this question through some rationality results of trigonometric functions.
Diao Zijian [Mathematics Department, Ohio University Eastern Campus, St. Clairsville, Ohio 43950 (United States)
Lower Flathead System Fisheries Study, 1984 Annual Report.
This study was undertaken to assess the effects of Kerr Dam operations on the fisheries of the Lower Flathead System. Supported by Bonneville Power Administration funding, and conducted by the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes, the study began in December of 1982 and is scheduled for completion in December of 1987. This report covers the 1983-84 field season and includes the status of target fish species populations in the Flathead River and tributaries, and initial work in South Bay of Flathead Lake. Additionally it addresses how Kerr operations may effect the reproduction of salmonids and northern pike. Combined trout population estimates for rainbow, brown, brook, and bull trout, averaged 13 fish/km of the lower Flathead River. The number of bull trout and cutthroat trout captured was so low that estimation of their individual populations was not possible. An interim closure to trout harvest on the lower Flathead River was recommended and approved by the Tribal Council until study results can be further analyzed and management options reviewed. Population estimates for northern pike ranged from six/kilometer in poorer habitat, to one hundred three/km in the best habitat in the main Flathead River. Seven pike were radio tagged and their movements monitored. Movements of over 89 km were recorded. One fish left the Flathead River and moved down the Clark Fork to the Plains area. Fish weirs were constructed on the Jocko River and Mission Creek to assess spawning runs of trout from the main river. Thirty-two adult rainbow passed the Jocko weir and twenty-eight passed the Mission weir during the spring spawning season. Twenty adult brown trout were captured at the Jocko weir and five at Mission weir in the fall. The Jocko weir suffered minor damage due to bed load movement during high flows of spring runoff. The structure of trout populations in the lower Flathead River points to spawning and recruitment problems caused by hydroelectric operations and sedimentation. Among the consequences of the present operational regime are constant, rapid changes in river discharge during spawning and Incubation seasons of trout species present in the lower river. Hamilton and Buell (1976) reported that similar fluctuation might exceed tolerance limits of adults and inhibit spawning behavior, dewater redds, strand fry, and displace juveniles to habitats less suitable for survival. Similar problems are felt to exist on the lower river. Constant fluctuations over backwater vegetation have been linked to major problems in successful northern pike spawning and recruitment by preventing access to spawning sites, and dewatering eggs and attached fry. Phase I of the South Bay investigation was completed this year resulting in a detailed study program for the next three years. Dominant habitat types were mapped, and physical habitat and biological monitoring methods were evaluated and selected. Permanent habitat transects, water quality stations, fish sampling, gillnetting, seining, and trapping sites were established.
Darling, James E.; Pajak, Paul; Wunderlich, Mary P.
Microsoft Word - LowerJocko_Acquisition_CX_final_081310.doc
6, 2010 6, 2010 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEC-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Cecilia Brown Project Manager - KEWM-4 Proposed Action: Provision of funds to Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes (CSKT) for purchase of the Lower Jocko River Property Fish and Wildlife Project No.: 2002-003-00, Contract # BPA-44646 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.25 Transfer, lease, disposition or acquisition of interests in uncontaminated land for habitat preservation or wildlife
Nonlinear lower hybrid oscillations in a cold viscous plasma
An analytical description of nonlinear lower hybrid oscillations in a cold quasi-neutral plasma in the presence of viscosity is presented in one spatial dimension by using Lagrangian variables. By treating viscosity coefficients of the electron and ion fluids as inversely proportional to their respective densities, an exact solution is obtained. It is found that the damping rate of such oscillations is directly proportional to the effective viscosity coefficients of electron and ion fluids. A possible implication of such solutions is briefly outlined.
Maity, Chandan; Chakrabarti, Nikhil [Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700064 (India)
Storing syngas lowers the carbon price for profitable coal gasification
Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) electric power generation systems with carbon capture and sequestration have desirable environmental qualities but are not profitable when the carbon dioxide price is less than approximately $50 per metric ton. We examine whether an IGCC facility that operates its gasifier continuously but stores the syngas and produces electricity only when daily prices are high may be profitable at significantly lower CO{sub 2} prices. Using a probabilistic analysis, we have calculated the plant-level return on investment (ROI) and the value of syngas storage for IGCC facilities located in the U.S. Midwest using a range of storage configurations. Adding a second turbine to use the stored syngas to generate electricity at peak hours and implementing 12 h of above-ground high-pressure syngas storage significantly increases the ROI and net present value. Storage lowers the carbon price at which IGCC enters the U.S. generation mix by approximately 25%. 36 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.
Adam Newcomer; Jay Apt [Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA (USA). Carnegie Mellon Electricity Industry Center
Lower Hybrid Current Drive Experiments in Alcator C-Mod
A Lower Hybrid Current Drive (LHCD) system has been installed on the Alcator C-MOD tokamak at MIT. Twelve klystrons at 4.6 GHz feed a 4x22 waveguide array. This system was designed for maximum flexibility in the launched parallel wave-number spectrum. This flexibility allows tailoring of the lower hybrid deposition under a variety of plasma conditions. Power levels up to 900 kW have been injected into the tokomak. The parallel wave number has been varied over a wide range, n|| ~ 1.6�4. Driven currents have been inferred from magnetic measurements by extrapolating to zero loop voltage and by direct comparison to Fisch-Karney theory, yielding an efficiency of n20IR/P ~ 0.3. Modeling using the CQL3D code supports these efficiencies. Sawtooth oscillations vanish, accompanied with peaking of the electron temperature (Te0 rises from 2.8 to 3.8 keV). Central q is inferred to rise above unity from the collapse of the sawtooth inversion radius, indicating off-axis cd as expected. Measurements of non-thermal x-ray and electron cyclotron emission confirm the presence of a significant fast electron population that varies with phase and plasma density. The x-ray emission is observed to be radialy broader than that predicted by simple ray tracing codes. Possible explanations for this broader emission include fast electron diffusion or broader deposition than simple ray tracing predictions (perhaps due to diffractive effects).
J.R. Wilson, S. Bernabei, P. Bonoli, A. Hubbard, R. Parker, A. Schmidt, G. Wallace, J. Wright, and the Alcator C-Mod Team
Lower-Temperature Subsurface Layout and Ventilation Concepts
This analysis combines work scope identified as subsurface facility (SSF) low temperature (LT) Facilities System and SSF LT Ventilation System in the Technical Work Plan for Subsurface Design Section FY 01 Work Activities (CRWMS M&O 2001b, pp. 6 and 7, and pp. 13 and 14). In accordance with this technical work plan (TWP), this analysis is performed using AP-3.10Q, Analyses and Models. It also incorporates the procedure AP-SI.1Q, Software Management. The purpose of this analysis is to develop an overall subsurface layout system and the overall ventilation system concepts that address a lower-temperature operating mode for the Monitored Geologic Repository (MGR). The objective of this analysis is to provide a technical design product that supports the lower-temperature operating mode concept for the revision of the system description documents and to provide a basis for the system description document design descriptions. The overall subsurface layout analysis develops and describes the overall subsurface layout, including performance confirmation facilities (also referred to as Test and Evaluation Facilities) for the Site Recommendation design. This analysis also incorporates current program directives for thermal management.
Christine L. Linden; Edward G. Thomas
Transgenic Plants Lower the Costs of Cellulosic Biofuels (Fact Sheet)
A new transgenic maize was observed to be less recalcitrant than wild-type biomass, as manifested through lower severity requirements to achieve comparable levels of conversion. Expression of a single gene derived from bacteria in plants has resulted in transgenic plants that are easier and cheaper to convert into biofuels. Part of the high production cost of cellulosic biofuels is the relatively poor accessibility of substrates to enzymes due to the strong associations between plant cell wall components. This biomass recalcitrance makes costly thermochemical pretreatment necessary. Scientists at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) have created transgenic maize expressing an active glycosyl hydrolase enzyme, E1 endoglucanase, originally isolated from a thermophilic bacterium, Acidothermus cellulolyticus. This engineered feedstock was observed to be less recalcitrant than wild-type biomass when subjected to reduced severity pretreatments and post-pretreatment enzymatic hydrolysis. This reduction in recalcitrance was manifested through lower severity requirements to achieve comparable levels of conversion of wild-type biomass. The improvements observed are significant enough to positively affect the economics of the conversion process through decreased capital construction costs and decreased degradation products and inhibitor formation.
Lower Flathead System Fisheries Study, 1986 Interim Report.
We believe our results have clearly shown Kerr hydroelectric operations and operational constraints have negatively affected Flathead River trout and northern pike populations and the aquatic habitat which support them. Even so, it is possible to mitigate many of these impacts and develop a very important fishery. Trout abundance in the lower Flathead averaged only 19 fish per kilometer, the lowest abundance of trout for a river of this size in Montana. Little main channel spawning by trout was observed and most spawning probably occurs in tributaries. Lower river tributaries support resident populations of brook, rainbow, brown, and cutthroat trout; and a small resident population of bull trout is present in the South Fork of the Jocko River. Using weirs, spawning runs of rainbow and brown trout from the main river were monitored entering the Jocko River and the Post/Mission Creek system. Utilization of Crow Creek by main river trout stocks of trout was limited to the 6 km segment below Crow Dam. Evaluations of tributary spawning gravels showed high levels of silt which would suggest poor survival of trout eggs. Excessive harvest in the tributaries was indicated by analysis of age class structure and abundance of trout greater than 200 mm.
Bradshaw, William H.; DosSantos, Joseph M.; Darling, James M.
Lower 48 States Natural Gas Liquids Lease Condensate, Proved Reserves
Liquids Lease Condensate, Proved Reserves (Million Barrels) Liquids Lease Condensate, Proved Reserves (Million Barrels) Lower 48 States Natural Gas Liquids Lease Condensate, Proved Reserves (Million Barrels) Decade Year-0 Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5 Year-6 Year-7 Year-8 Year-9 1970's 1,401 1980's 1,530 1,580 1,601 1,613 1,503 1,452 1,436 1,402 1,389 1,389 1990's 1,302 1,244 1,226 1,192 1,147 1,197 1,307 1,341 1,336 1,403 2000's 1,472 1,398 1,346 1,215 1,221 1,262 1,339 1,495 1,433 1,633 2010's 1,914 2,370 - = No Data Reported; -- = Not Applicable; NA = Not Available; W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. Release Date: 8/1/2013 Next Release Date: 8/1/2014 Referring Pages: Lease Condensate Proved Reserves as of Dec. 31 Lower 48 States Lease Condensate Proved Reserves, Reserve Changes,
An Experimental Method for the Active Learning of Greedy Algorithms
Greedy algorithms constitute an apparently simple algorithm design technique, but its learning goals are not simple to achieve. We present a didactic method aimed at promoting active learning of greedy algorithms. The method is focused on the concept ... Keywords: Computer science education, active learning, greedy algorithms, misconceptions, usability, visualization
J. �ngel Vel�zquez-Iturbide
An iterative distributed algorithm for multi-constraint multicast routing
In this paper, we propose a group computation based distributed algorithm for solving the problem of multi-constraint multicast routing. This algorithm is fully distributed and can generate within acceptable time and message complexities a multicast ... Keywords: Distributed algorithm, Heuristic algorithm, Multicast, Multicast routing tree, Multiple constraints, NP-hardness, QoS, Routing protocol
Tzu-Lun Huang; D. T. Lee
Automated Configuration of Algorithms for Solving Hard Computational Problems
Automated Configuration of Algorithms for Solving Hard Computational Problems by Frank Hutter Dipl-performing algorithms for many hard problems are highly parameterized. Selecting the best heuristics and tuning studies the automation of this important part of algorithm design: the configuration of discrete algorithm
Hutter, Frank
Automatic recommendation of classification algorithms based on data set characteristics
Choosing appropriate classification algorithms for a given data set is very important and useful in practice but also is full of challenges. In this paper, a method of recommending classification algorithms is proposed. Firstly the feature vectors of ... Keywords: Algorithm performance, Classification, Classification algorithm automatic recommendation, Data set characteristics extraction, k-Nearest Neighbors
Qinbao Song; Guangtao Wang; Chao Wang
An evolutive algorithm for wind farm optimal design
An evolutive algorithm for the optimal design of wind farms is presented. The algorithm objective is to optimize the profits given an investment on a wind farm. Net present value will be used as a figure of the revenue. To work out this figure, several ... Keywords: Evolutive algorithm, Genetic algorithm, Optimization, Wind farms
Jos� Castro Mora; Jos� M. Calero Bar�n; Jes�s M. Riquelme Santos; Manuel Burgos Pay�n
A robust blind sparse source separation algorithm using genetic algorithm to identify mixing matrix
In this paper, a novel identification of mixing matrix using genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed to deal with the blind sparse source separation (BSS) problem. A preprocessing filters the most of minor mixtures at first, and then represents the remainder ... Keywords: blind source separation (BSS), genetic algorithm (GA), sparse representation, under-determined
Tsung-Ying Sun; Chan-Cheng Liu; Sheng-Ta Hsieh; Shang-Jeng Tsai; Kan-Yuan Li
Temporal Reference Algorithms versus Spatial Reference Algorithms forSmart Antennas
This paper compares algorithms from three different classes of adaptation schemes for smart antennas � the switched beam approach, a Temporal-Reference (TR) technique based on Direct Matrix Inversion or Least Squares adaptation, and a Spatial-Reference ... Keywords: adaptation algorithms, angular spread, comparison, mutual coupling, smart antennas
Josef Fuhl; Ernst Bonek
Using a Genetic Algorithm to Tune a Bounded Weak Echo Region Detection Algorithm
Weather detection algorithms often rely on a simple rule base that is based on several features. Fuzzy logic can be used in the rule base, and the membership functions of the fuzzy sets can be tuned using a search or optimization algorithm that ...
V. Lakshmanan
Fuel Cell Tax Incentives: How Monetization Lowers the Government Outlay
Tax Incentives: How Tax Incentives: How Monetization Lowers the Government Outlay By: Lee J. Peterson, Esq. Reznick Group, P.C. February 19, 2009 The Big Picture: Financing with Private Capital Income/Excise Tax Credits Depreciation Deductions - Regular and Accelerated Income Exclusions CREBS Income/Premium State Tax Credits Sales/Property Tax Exemptions Grants/Subsidies Rebates Buy-Downs Loan Guarantees REC Sales Tax-Exempt Debt Financing C F S B R T B R G Building Business Value February 19, 2009 1 § 45 Production Tax Credit (PTC) Established by the Energy Policy Act of 1992 Intended to stimulate the development of alternative technologies for power production, hence, you must produce power to receive the tax credit (production-
Bonneville Power Administration/Lower Valley Transmission Project
853 853 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 162 / Friday, August 21, 1998 / Notices Radiological Impacts-Total radiological releases would be significantly lower than either the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) limit or past annual releases from LANL. The resulting maximum concentrations for radionuclides measured at the location of the MEI for the demonstration is estimated to be less than two percent of the EPA limit. Radiological impacts associated with the proposed action could increase LANL total site impacts by a small percentage (1.0 percent for the MEI, 1.3 percent for the surrounding population, and 1.3 percent for the average individual). Under the proposed action, the estimated annual average dose to pit disassembly workers would be 750 mrem. The annual dose received by the
Separation and concentration of lower alcohols from dilute aqueous solutions
A process for producing, from a dilute aqueous solution of a lower (C.sub.1 -C.sub.5) alcohol, a concentrated liquid solution of the alcohol in an aromatic organic solvent is disclosed. Most of the water is removed from the dilute aqueous solution of alcohol by chilling sufficiently to form ice crystals. Simultaneously, the remaining liquid is extracted at substantially the same low temperature with a liquid organic solvent that is substantially immiscible in aqueous liquids and has an affinity for the alcohol at that temperature, causing the alcohol to transfer to the organic phase. After separating the organic liquid from the ice crystals, the organic liquid can be distilled to enrich the concentration of alcohol therein. Ethanol so separated from water and concentrated in an organic solvent such as toluene is useful as an anti-knock additive for gasoline.
Moore, Raymond H. (Richland, WA); Eakin, David E. (Kennewick, WA); Baker, Eddie G. (Richland, WA); Hallen, Richard T. (Richland, WA)
NETL: News Release - More Electricity, Lower Emissions from Lignite Plants
25, 2004 25, 2004 More Electricity, Lower Emissions from Lignite Plants Are Goals of New Clean Coal Project Fuel Enhancement System Expected to Boost Generating Capacities WASHINGTON, DC - Secretary of Energy Spencer Abraham today announced the testing of the Lignite Fuel Enhancement System, a new process that could dramatically reduce air emissions from certain coal-based power plants while boosting overall generating capacity. The project, conducted by Great River Energy, is expected to boost the generating capacity and efficiency of power plants that burn high-moisture lignite coal, thereby reducing air pollutants and greenhouse gases. The new technology uses waste heat to dry nearly a quarter of the moisture in the coal before it is fed into the power plant boiler.
Microsoft Word - Lower-MidColumbia-Upgrade-CX.doc
3, 2010 3, 2010 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEC-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Steve Prickett Project Manager - TEP Proposed Action: Lower Mid-Columbia / Midway-Vantage 230-kV Transmission Line Upgrade Project Budget Information: Work Order #238901 and #231311, Task 03 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B4.6 "Additions or modifications to electric power transmission facilities that would not affect the environment beyond the previously developed facility..." B4.7 Adding fiber optic cable to transmission structures or burying fiber optic cable in existing transmission line rights-of-way. B4.13 "Reconstruction (upgrading or rebuilding) and/or minor relocation of existing electric powerlines
1 9 9 7 1 9 9 7 B PA / L O W E R VA L L E Y T R A N S M I S S I O N P R O J E C T Final Environmental Impact Statement DOE/EIS-0267 J U N E 1 9 9 8 Bonneville Power Administration PO Box 3621 Portland, Oregon 97208-3621 DOE/BP-3067 JUNE 1998 450 Final Environmental Impact Statement BPA/Lower Valley Transmission Project Bonneville Power Administration U.S. Department of Energy and Forest Service U.S. Department of Agriculture June 1998 Table of Contents - i Table of Contents Summary ............................................................................................................................ S-1 S.1 Purpose and Need For Action ................................................................................................ S-1 S.1.1 BPA ...............................................................................................................................................
Lower Yellowstone R E A, Inc | Open Energy Information
R E A, Inc R E A, Inc Jump to: navigation, search Name Lower Yellowstone R E A, Inc Place Montana Utility Id 11272 Utility Location Yes Ownership C NERC Location MRO NERC MRO Yes Activity Distribution Yes References EIA Form EIA-861 Final Data File for 2010 - File1_a[1] LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. Utility Rate Schedules Grid-background.png Electric Heat Residential Net Metering Rate Schedule - Base #3 Commercial Net Metering Rate Schedule - Base 1 Residential Net Metering Rate Schedule - Base 2 Commercial Schedule A Residential Schedule AS - Annual Service Residential Schedule DC-1 Commercial Schedule EH - Electric Heat Rate Commercial Schedule GS - Single Phase Commercial
http:www.energy.govmediaF...BiofuelsLowerGasPrices.pdf http:www.energy.govmediaF...BiofuelsLowerGasPrices.pdf http:www.energy.govmediaF...BiofuelsLowerGasPrice...
Liquid general anesthetics lower critical temperatures in plasma membrane vesicles
A large and diverse array of small hydrophobic molecules induce general anesthesia. Their efficacy as anesthetics has been shown to correlate both with their affinity for a hydrophobic environment and with their potency in inhibiting certain ligand gated ion channels. Here we explore the effects that n-alcohols and other liquid anesthetics have on the two-dimensional miscibility critical point observed in cell derived giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs). We show that anesthetics depress the critical temperature (Tc) of these GPMVs without strongly altering the ratio of the two liquid phases found below Tc. The magnitude of this affect is consistent across n-alcohols when their concentration is rescaled by the median anesthetic concentration (AC50) for tadpole anesthesia, but not when plotted against the overall concentration in solution. At AC50 we see a 4{\\deg}C downward shift in Tc, much larger than is typically seen in the main chain transition at these anesthetic concentrations. GPMV miscibility critical temperatures are also lowered to a similar extent by propofol, phenylethanol, and isopropanol when added at anesthetic concentrations, but not by tetradecanol or 2,6 diterbutylphenol, two structural analogs of general anesthetics that are hydrophobic but have no anesthetic potency. We propose that liquid general anesthetics provide an experimental tool for lowering critical temperatures in plasma membranes of intact cells, which we predict will reduce lipid-mediated heterogeneity in a way that is complimentary to increasing or decreasing cholesterol. Also, several possible implications of our results are discussed in the context of current models of anesthetic action on ligand gated ion channels.
Ellyn Gray; Joshua Karslake; Benjamin B. Machta; Sarah L. Veatch
Algorithms for Marketing-Mix Optimization
Algorithms for determining quality/cost/price tradeoffs in saturated markets are considered. A product is modeled by $d$ real-valued qualities whose sum determines the unit cost of producing the product. This leads to the following optimization problem: given a set of $n$ customers, each of whom has certain minimum quality requirements and a maximum price they are willing to pay, design a new product and select a price for that product in order to maximize the resulting profit. An $O(n\\log n)$ time algorithm is given for the case, $d=1$, of linear products, and $O(n(\\log n)^{d+1})$ time approximation algorithms are given for products with any constant number, $d$, of qualities. To achieve the latter result, an $O(nk^{d-1})$ bound on the complexity of an arrangement of homothetic simplices in $\\R^d$ is given, where $k$ is the maximum number of simplices that all contain a single points.
Gudmundsson, Joachim; Smid, Michiel
Explorations of Hernando Alarcon in the Lower Colorado River Region, 1540
Yuman Tribes of the Lower Colorado. University of Californiaclubs used by the lower Colorado peoples (cf. Gifford 1933:of them tobacco) which Colorado people might use, crushed or
Elsasser, Albert B
Graph algorithms in the titan toolkit.
Graph algorithms are a key component in a wide variety of intelligence analysis activities. The Graph-Based Informatics for Non-Proliferation and Counter-Terrorism project addresses the critical need of making these graph algorithms accessible to Sandia analysts in a manner that is both intuitive and effective. Specifically we describe the design and implementation of an open source toolkit for doing graph analysis, informatics, and visualization that provides Sandia with novel analysis capability for non-proliferation and counter-terrorism.
McLendon, William Clarence, III; Wylie, Brian Neil
The Cambridge Jet algorithm: features and applications
Jet clustering algorithms are widely used to analyse hadronic events in high energy collisions. Recently a new clustering method, known as `Cambridge', has been introduced. In this article we present an algorithm to determine the transition values of y_cut for this clustering scheme, which allows to resolve any event to a definite number of jets in the final state. We discuss some particularities of the Cambridge clustering method and compare its performance to the Durham clustering scheme for Monte Carlo generated e+e- annihilation events.
Stan Bentvelsen; Irmtraud Meyer
An algorithm for the construction of global reduced mechanisms with CSP data
An algorithm is presented for the construction of global reduced mechanisms, based on concepts from the Computational Singular Perturbation method. Input to the algorithm are (1) the detailed mechanism, (2) a representative numerical solution of the problem under investigation, and (3) the desired number of steps in the reduced mechanism. The algorithm numerically identified the steady-state species and fast reactions and constructs the reduced mechanism. The stoichiometric coefficients are constant and are connected to the non steady-state species, while the related rates involve the slow elementary rates only. The proposed method is applied to a laminar premixed CH{sub 4}/Air flame and a complex detailed chemical kinetics mechanism, consisting of 279 reactions and 49 species and accounting for both thermal and prompt NO{sub x} production. A seven-step mechanism is constructed which is shown to reproduce the species profiles and the laminar burning velocity very accurately over a wide range of values for the initial mixture composition and temperature. In addition, it is shown that the seven-step mechanism introduces much lower time scales than the detailed mechanism does. Since the proposed procedure for constructing reduced mechanisms is fully algorithmic and requires minor computations, it is very much suited for the simplification of large detailed mechanisms.
Massias, A.; Diamantis, D. [Univ. of Patras, Rio-Patra (Greece); Mastorakos, E.; Goussis, D.A. [ICEHT-FORTH, Rio-Patra (Greece)
Updated distribution and reintroduction of the Lower Keys marsh rabbit
Listed as federally-endangered in 1990, the Lower Keys marsh rabbit (LKMR, Sylvilagus palustris hefneri) exists as a metapopulation in patches of wetland habitat in Florida?s Lower Keys. This study sought to address 2 priority actions identified by the LKMR Recovery Team: (1) monitoring of populations and (2) reintroduction. Monitoring the distribution and status of LKMR populations is critical for targeting future management actions. Informal transects for rabbit fecal pellets were used to survey habitat patches documented in1988?1995 surveys and to identify additional patches of occupied and potential habitat. Next, a buffer was created around patches to help managers account for uncertainty in rabbit movements and to identify groups of patches that might function as local populations. Surveys included 228 patches of occupied and potential habitat, 102 of which were occupied by rabbits. Patches were arranged in 56 occupied and 88 potential populations. Surveys revealed new patches of both occupied and potential habitat. Considering only areas included in 1988?1995 surveys, however, revealed a net decrease in the number of occupied patches. Many of the recently extirpated populations, which tended to occupy the periphery of larger islands or small neighboring islands, were unlikely to be recolonized without human intervention. Reintroduction provides a means of artificially recolonizing potential habitat. Two pilot reintroductions were conducted to evaluate this conservation strategy for the species. The second reintroduction was postponed, but the first effort met all criteria for short-term success, including survival comparable to a control group, fidelity to release sites, and evidence of reproduction. There are a limited number of potential source populations for translocations. Future efforts should consider using in-situ captive breeding to prevent potential long-term impacts to these populations. Few potential release sites exhibited suitable habitat quality and landscape context. Thus, for reintroduction to be more widely-applied for this species, it must be part of a comprehensive management plan involving land acquisition, control of secondary impacts from development, and habitat restoration and enhancement.
Faulhaber, Craig Alan
Recovery Act: Electrochromic Glazing Technology: Improved Performance, Lower Price
The growing dependency of the US on energy imports and anticipated further increases in energy prices reinforce the concerns about meeting the energy demand in the future and one element of a secure energy future is conservation. It is estimated that the buildings sector represents 40% of the US's total energy consumption. And buildings produce as much as one third of the greenhouse gas emissions primarily through fossil fuel usage during their operational phase. A significant fraction of this energy usage is simply due to inefficient window technology. Electrochromic (EC) windows allow electronic control of their optical properties so that the transparency to light can be adjusted from clear to dark. This ability to control the amount of solar energy allowed into the building can be advantageously used to minimize lighting, heating and air conditioning costs. Currently, the penetration of EC windows into the marketplace is extremely small, and consequently there is a huge opportunity for energy savings if this market can be expanded. In order to increase the potential energy savings it is necessary to increase the quantity of EC windows in operation. Additionally, any incremental improvement in the energy performance of each window will add to the potential energy savings. The overall goals of this project were therefore to improve the energy performance and lower the cost of dynamic (EC) smart windows for residential and commercial building applications. This project is obviously of benefit to the public by addressing two major areas: lowering the cost and improving the energy performance of EC glazings. The high level goals for these activities were: (i) to improve the range between the clear and the tinted state, (ii) reduce the price of EC windows by utilizing lower cost materials, (iii) lowering the U-Value1 SAGE Electrochromics Inc. is the only company in the US which has a track record of producing EC windows, and presently has a small operational factory in Faribault MN which is shipping products throughout the world. There is a much larger factory currently under construction close by. This project was targeted specifically to address the issues outlined above, with a view to implementation on the new high volume manufacturing facility. Each of the Tasks which were addressed in this project is relatively straightforward to implement in this new facility and so the benefits of the work will be realized quickly. , and (iv) ensure the proposed changes have no detrimental effect to the proven durability of the window. The research described here has helped to understand and provide solutions to several interesting and previously unresolved issues of the technology as well as make progress in areas which will have a significant impact on energy saving. In particular several materials improvements have been made, and tasks related to throughput and yield improvements have been completed. All of this has been accomplished without any detrimental effect on the proven durability of the SageGlass EC device. The project was divided into four main areas: 1. Improvement of the Properties of the EC device by material enhancements (Task 2); 2. Reduce the cost of production by improving the efficiency and yields of some key manufacturing processes (Task 3); 3. Further reduce the cost by significant modifications to the structure of the device (Task 4); 4. Ensure the durability of the EC device is not affected by any of the changes resulting from these activities (Task 5). A detailed description of the activities carried out in these areas is given in the following report, along with the aims and goals of the work. We will see that we have completed Tasks 2 and 3 fully, and the durability of the resulting device structure has been unaffected. Some of Task 4 was not carried out because of difficulties with integrating the installation of the required targets into the production coater due to external constraints not related to this project. We will also see that the durability of the devices produced as a result of this work was
Burdis, Mark; Sbar, Neil
Lower-hybrid heating and current drive on PLT
Steady currents up to 165 kA for 3.5 seconds and 420 kA for 0.3 seconds have been maintained by 800 MHz lower hybrid waves. For line-averaged densities up to 7 x 10/sup 12/ cm/sup -3/ the current is maintained with no input power from the ohmic heating transformer. The waves are launched with an array of six waveguides. Measurements of X rays and electron cyclotron radiation show that the rf power produces and maintains a suprathermal tail of electrons apparently independent of the number of fast electrons in the plasma prior to turning on the rf power. Measurements of current-drive efficiency and the electron tail provide direct evidence for a resonant wave-particle interaction. The radial profile of the rf-sustained current inferred from x-ray measurements is peaked in the center of the plasma and appears to obey the same q-value restraints as the inductively driven ohmic heating current. Current drive is observed to be accompanied always by radiation at frequencies greater than or equal to ..omega../sub ce/ and less than or equal to ..omega../sub pe/. The connection between this radiation and the current-drive mechanism is under study.
Hooke, W.; Bernabei, S.; Boyd, D.
Long-run marginal costs lower than average costs
The thesis of this article is that the long-run marginal costs of electricity are not always greater than the present average costs, as is often assumed. As long as short-run costs decrease with new plant additions, the long-run marginal cost is less than long-run average cost. When average costs increase with new additions, long-run marginal costs are greater than long-run average costs. The long-run marginal costs of a particular utility may be less than, equal to, or greater than its long-run average costs - even with inflation present. The way to determine which condition holds for a given utility is to estimate costs under various combinations of assumptions: probable load growth, zero load growth, and load growth greater than expected; and changes in load factor with attendant costs. Utilities that can demonstrate long-run marginal costs lower than long-run average costs should be encouraged to build plant and increase load, for the resulting productivity gains and slowing of inflation. Utilities that face long-run marginal costs greater than long-run average costs should discourage growth in sales through any available means.
Hunter, S.R.
Operation of the Lower Granite Dam Adult Trap, 2008.
During 2008 we operated the adult salmonid trap at Lower Granite Dam from 7 March through 25 November, except during a short summer period when water temperatures were too high to safely handle fish. We collected and handled a total of 20,463 steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss and radio-tagged 34 of the hatchery steelhead. We took scale samples from 3,724 spring/summer Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha for age and genetic analysis. We collected and handled a total of 8,254 fall Chinook salmon. Of those fish, 2,520 adults and 942 jacks were transported to Lyons Ferry Hatchery on the Snake River in Washington. In addition, 961 adults and 107 jacks were transported to the Nez Perce Tribal Hatchery on the Clearwater River in Idaho. The remaining 3,724 fall Chinook salmon were passed upstream. Scales samples were taken from 780 fall Chinook salmon tagged with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags and collected by the sort-by-code system.
Harmon, Jerrel R.
Lower Flathead River Fisheries Study, 1983 Annual Report.
In January of 1983 a two-phase study of the lower Flathead River was initiated by the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes with funding provided by the Bonneville Power Administration. The study fulfills program measure 804 (a) (3) of the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program. During 1983 Phase I of the study was completed resulting in a detailed study plan for the next four years and the methods to be employed during the study. Preliminary observations suggest the present operation of Kerr hydroelectric facility and land use practices within the drainage have combined to significantly reduce spawning success of salmonids and northern pike, and thus recruitment to the fisheries of the main river and tributaries. Main river spawning marshes were observed to be drained frequently during the northern pike spawning season which would result in desiccation of eggs and loss of attached fry. Water level fluctuations also caused trapping of juvenile fish and may be an important source of juvenile mortality.
DosSantos, Joseph M.; Darling, James E.; Cross, Paul D.
Variability in daily, zonal mean lower-stratospheric temperatures
Satellite data from the microwave sounding unit (MSU) channel 4, when carefully merged, provide daily zonal anomalies of lower-stratosphere temperature with a level of precision between 0.01[degrees] and 0.08[degrees]C per 2.5[degrees] latitude band. Global averages of these daily zonal anomalies reveal the prominent warming events due to volcanic aerosol in 1982 (El Chichon) and 1991 (Mt. Pinatubo), which are on the order of 1[degrees]C. The quasibiennel oscillation (QBO) may be extracted from these zonal data by applying a spatial filter between 15[degrees]N and 15[degrees]S latitude, which resembles the meridional curvature. Previously published relationships between the QBO and the north polar stratospheric temperatures during northern winter are examined but were not found to be reproduced in the MSU4 data. Sudden stratospheric warmings in the north polar region are represented in the MSU4 data for latitudes poleward of 70[degrees]N. In the Southern Hemisphere, there appears to be a moderate relationship between total ozone concentration and MSU4 temperatures, though it has been less apparent in 1991 and 1992. In terms of empirical modes of variability revealed significant power in the 15-20 day period band.
Christy, J.R. (Univ. of Alabama, Huntsville, AL (United States)); Drouilhet, S.J. Jr. (Moorhead State Univ., MN (United States))
Lower 48 States Total Natural Gas Injections into Underground Storage
Total Natural Gas Injections into Underground Storage (Million Cubic Feet) Total Natural Gas Injections into Underground Storage (Million Cubic Feet) Lower 48 States Total Natural Gas Injections into Underground Storage (Million Cubic Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 2011 50,130 81,827 167,632 312,290 457,725 420,644 359,267 370,180 453,548 436,748 221,389 90,432 2012 74,854 56,243 240,351 263,896 357,965 323,026 263,910 299,798 357,109 327,767 155,554 104,953 2013 70,592 41,680 99,330 270,106 465,787 438,931 372,458 370,471 418,848 - = No Data Reported; -- = Not Applicable; NA = Not Available; W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. Release Date: 12/12/2013 Next Release Date: 1/7/2014 Referring Pages: Injections of Natural Gas into Underground Storage - All Operators
Lower 48 States Nonassociated Natural Gas, Wet After Lease Separation,
Nonassociated Natural Gas, Wet After Lease Separation, Proved Reserves (Billion Cubic Feet) Nonassociated Natural Gas, Wet After Lease Separation, Proved Reserves (Billion Cubic Feet) Lower 48 States Nonassociated Natural Gas, Wet After Lease Separation, Proved Reserves (Billion Cubic Feet) Decade Year-0 Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5 Year-6 Year-7 Year-8 Year-9 1970's 143,852 1980's 139,421 143,515 142,984 143,469 141,226 138,464 139,070 135,256 141,211 139,798 1990's 141,941 140,584 138,883 136,953 138,213 139,369 141,136 140,382 139,015 142,098 2000's 154,113 159,612 163,863 166,512 171,547 183,197 189,329 213,851 224,873 249,406 2010's 280,880 305,010 - = No Data Reported; -- = Not Applicable; NA = Not Available; W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. Release Date: 8/1/2013
Lower 48 States Natural Gas Underground Storage Withdrawals (Million Cubic
Gas Underground Storage Withdrawals (Million Cubic Feet) Gas Underground Storage Withdrawals (Million Cubic Feet) Lower 48 States Natural Gas Underground Storage Withdrawals (Million Cubic Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 2011 849,115 666,248 313,952 100,096 58,314 80,472 115,649 125,989 55,418 51,527 183,799 473,674 2012 619,332 515,817 205,365 126,403 73,735 90,800 129,567 133,919 66,652 85,918 280,933 489,707 2013 791,849 646,483 480,032 134,680 48,945 68,117 98,141 101,568 66,273 - = No Data Reported; -- = Not Applicable; NA = Not Available; W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. Release Date: 12/12/2013 Next Release Date: 1/7/2014 Referring Pages: Withdrawals of Natural Gas from Underground Storage - All Operators
Negative selection algorithms without generating detectors
Negative selection algorithms are immune-inspired classifiers that are trained on negative examples only. Classification is performed by generating detectors that match none of the negative examples, and these detectors are then matched against ... Keywords: artificial immune systems, consistent learning, negative selection
Maciej Li?kiewicz; Johannes Textor
A scalable lock-free stack algorithm
The literature describes two high performance concurrent stack algorithms based on combining funnels and elimination trees. Unfortunately, the funnels are linearizable but blocking, and the elimination trees are non-blocking but not linearizable. Neither is used in practice since they perform well only at exceptionally high loads. The literature also describes a simple lock-free linearizable stack algorithm that works at low loads but does not scale as the load increases. The question of designing a stack algorithm that is non-blocking, linearizable, and scales well throughout the concurrency range, has thus remained open. This paper presents such a concurrent stack algorithm. It is based on the following simple observation: that a single elimination array used as a backoff scheme for a simple lock-free stack is lock-free, linearizable, and scalable. As our empirical results show, the resulting eliminationbackoff stack performs as well as the simple stack at low loads, and increasingly outperforms all other methods (lock-based and non-blocking) as concurrency increases. We believe its simplicity and scalability make it a viable practical alternative to existing constructions for implementing concurrent stacks.
Danny Hendler; Nir Shavit; Lena Yerushalmi
A spreadsheet algorithm for stagewise solvent extraction
Part of the novelty is the way in which the problem is organized in the spreadsheet. In addition, to facilitate spreadsheet setup, a new calculational procedure has been developed. The resulting Spreadsheet Algorithm for Stagewise Solvent Extraction (SASSE) can be used with either IBM or Macintosh personal computers as a simple yet powerful tool for analyzing solvent extraction flowsheets.
Leonard, R.A.; Regalbuto, M.C.
Groundwater Remediation Strategy Using Global Optimization Algorithms
. DOI: 10.1061/ ASCE 0733-9496 2002 128:6 431 CE Database keywords: Ground water; Remedial action; Algorithms; Ground-water management. Introduction The contamination of groundwater is a widespread problem al. 1992 , Jonoski et al. 1997 ; and Willis and Yeh 1987 . However, the fact that the optimization
Neumaier, Arnold
Versatile communication algorithms for data analysis
Large-scale parallel data analysis, where global information from a variety of problem domains is resolved in a distributed memory space, relies on communication. Three communication algorithms motivated by data analysis workloads--merge based reduction, ... Keywords: communication for large-scale parallel data analysis
Tom Peterka; Robert Ross
Expressing graph algorithms using generalized active messages
Recently, graph computation has emerged as an important class of high-performance computing application whose characteristics differ markedly from those of traditional, compute-bound, kernels. Libraries such as BLAS, LAPACK, and others have been successful ... Keywords: active messages, parallel graph algorithms, parallel programming models
Nick Edmonds; Jeremiah Willcock; Andrew Lumsdaine
Xl: an efficient network routing algorithm
In this paper, we present a new link-state routing algorithm called Approximate Link state (XL) aimed at increasing routing efficiency by suppressing updates from parts of the network. We prove that three simple criteria for update propagation are sufficient ... Keywords: link-state, routing protocol
Kirill Levchenko; Geoffrey M. Voelker; Ramamohan Paturi; Stefan Savage
VC-dimension and shortest path algorithms
We explore the relationship between VC-dimension and graph algorithm design. In particular, we show that set systems induced by sets of vertices on shortest paths have VC-dimension at most two. This allows us to use a result from learning theory to improve ...
Ittai Abraham; Daniel Delling; Amos Fiat; Andrew V. Goldberg; Renato F. Werneck
Algorithms for dynamic multicast key distribution
We study the problem of multicast key distribution for group security. Secure group communication systems typically rely on a group key, which is a secret shared among the members of the group. This key is used to provide privacy by encrypting all group ... Keywords: Dynamic key distribution, experimental algorithms, multicast
Justin Goshi; Richard E. Ladner
Comparative Benchmarks of full QCD Algorithms
We report performance benchmarks for several algorithms that we have used to simulate the Schr"odinger functional with two flavors of dynamical quarks. They include hybrid and polynomial hybrid Monte Carlo with preconditioning. An appendix describes a method to deal with autocorrelations for nonlinear functions of primary observables as they are met here due to reweighting.
Roberto Frezzotti; Martin Hasenbusch; Jochen Heitger; Karl Jansen; Ulli Wolff
We present, in a unifying way, the main components of three asynchronous event-driven algorithms for simulating physical systems of interacting particles. The first example, hard-particle molecular dynamics, is well known. We also present a recently ... Keywords: Asynchronous, event-driven, kinetic Monte Carlo, molecular dynamics, particle systems
Aleksandar Donev
Problems of future GMDH algorithms development
Theories and algorithms developed for pattern recognition can be applied to random processes forecasting and for solution of all another interpolation type problems of artificial intelligence. For this purpose input data sample in the form of time series ... Keywords: approximation, computer software, error analysis, filtering, neural network
A. G. Ivakhnenko; E. A. Savchenko; G. A. Ivakhnenko
Fast Deterministic Distributed Algorithms for Sparse Spanners
in o(n # ) time for any constant # > 0. More precisely, in the Linial's free model a.k.a LOCAL model spanners, time complexity, Linial's free model, deterministic and randomized algorithms 1 Introduction 1 of the spanner. The distributed model of computation we will be concerned with is the Linial's free model [Lin87
Quantum Statistical Testing of a QRNG Algorithm
We present the algorithmic design of a quantum random number generator, the subsequent synthesis of a physical design and its verification using quantum statistical testing. We also describe how quantum statistical testing can be used to diagnose channel noise in QKD protocols.
Humble, Travis S [ORNL; Pooser, Raphael C [ORNL; Britt, Keith A [ORNL
Modified expectation maximization algorithm for MRI segmentation
Magnetic Resonance Image segmentation is a fundamental task in a wide variety of computed-based medical applications that support therapy, diagnostic and medical applications. In this work, spatial information is included for estimating paramaters of ... Keywords: expectation maximization algorithm, finite mixture models, magnetic resonance imaging segmentation, spatial information
Ramiro Donoso; Alejandro Veloz; H�ctor Allende
CRT RSA algorithm protected against fault attacks
Embedded devices performing RSA signatures are subject to Fault Attacks, particularly when the Chinese Remainder Theorem is used. In most cases, the modular exponentiation and the Garner recombination algorithms are targeted. To thwart Fault Attacks, ... Keywords: RSA, chinese remainder theorem, fault attacks, modular exponentiation, simple power analysis, smart card
Arnaud Boscher; Robert Naciri; Emmanuel Prouff
�Energy-conserving� plasma simulation algorithms
Lewis has found algorithms for many-particle plasma simulation models in which there exists an exact energy constant in the limit of small time step. The requirements for energy consevation are examined here and relaxed from those given by Lewis, in ...
A. Bruce Langdon
A Quantum Genetic Algorithm for Operon Prediction
Operon is a fundamental unit of transcription which is usually used to understand gene regulations and functions in entire genomes. Detecting operon experimentally is difficult and time-consuming, thus many bioinformatics algorithms have been proposed ... Keywords: quantum theory, intergenic distance, metabolic pathway, COG
Li-Yeh Chuang; Yi-Cheng Chiang; Cheng-Hong Yang
New algorithms research for first year students
Motivated first-year undergraduate students should be exposed to some of the processes of research and some of the latest results. This brings them into the university culture quickly and encourages them to feel part of the development of the computer ... Keywords: CS1/2, approximation algorithms, haskell, research-led teaching, undergraduate research/capstones
Anthony Wirth; Michael Bertolacci
Algorithmic parameterization of mixed treatment comparisons
Mixed Treatment Comparisons (MTCs) enable the simultaneous meta-analysis (data pooling) of networks of clinical trials comparing �2 alternative treatments. Inconsistency models are critical in MTC to assess the overall consistency between evidence sources. ... Keywords: Algorithm, Evidence consistency, Indirect comparisons, Mixed treatment comparison, Model generation, Network meta-analysis
Gert Valkenhoef; Tommi Tervonen; Bert Brock; Hans Hillege
An algorithm for underdetermined mixing matrix estimation
This paper considers the problem of mixing matrix estimation in underdetermined blind source separation (UBSS). We propose a simple and effective detection algorithm which detects the time-frequency (TF) points occupied by only a single source for each ... Keywords: Mixing matrix estimation, Robust clustering, Sparse component analysis, Underdetermined blind source separation
Tianbao Dong; Yingke Lei; Jingshu Yang
Verifying concurrent memory reclamation algorithms with grace
Memory management is one of the most complex aspects of modern concurrent algorithms, and various techniques proposed for it--such as hazard pointers, read-copy-update and epoch-based reclamation--have proved very challenging for formal reasoning. In ...
Alexey Gotsman; Noam Rinetzky; Hongseok Yang
Some Theory for Generalized Boosting Algorithms
We give a review of various aspects of boosting, clarifying the issues through a few simple results, and relate our work and that of others to the minimax paradigm of statistics. We consider the population version of the boosting algorithm and prove ...
Peter J. Bickel; Ya'acov Ritov; Alon Zakai
Proceedings from Workshop on Experimental Algorithmics
. This volume will constitute Deliverable D10. The editorial process is still underway, and publication volume. Contents of forthcoming LNCS Volume 1. D. Bader and B. Moret: Issues in experimental parallel of topics in experimental algorithmics. The report of the seminar Basic Research in Computer Science, www
Brodal, Gerth Stølting
. This volume will constitute Deliverable D10. The editorial process is still underway, and publication volume. Contents of forthcoming LNCS Volume 1. D. Bader and B. Moret: Issues in experimental parallel of topics in experimental algorithmics. The report of the seminar # Basic Research in Computer Science, www
A Comparative Study of Palmprint Recognition Algorithms
Palmprint images contain rich unique features for reliable human identification, which makes it a very competitive topic in biometric research. A great many different low resolution palmprint recognition algorithms have been developed, which can be roughly ... Keywords: Biometrics, feature extraction, palmprint recognition, performance evaluation, person identification
David Zhang; Wangmeng Zuo; Feng Yue
Algorithms to Automate LCLS Undulator Tuning
Automation of the LCLS undulator tuning offers many advantages to the project. Automation can make a substantial reduction in the amount of time the tuning takes. Undulator tuning is fairly complex and automation can make the final tuning less dependent on the skill of the operator. Also, algorithms are fixed and can be scrutinized and reviewed, as opposed to an individual doing the tuning by hand. This note presents algorithms implemented in a computer program written for LCLS undulator tuning. The LCLS undulators must meet the following specifications. The maximum trajectory walkoff must be less than 5 {micro}m over 10 m. The first field integral must be below 40 x 10{sup -6} Tm. The second field integral must be below 50 x 10{sup -6} Tm{sup 2}. The phase error between the electron motion and the radiation field must be less than 10 degrees in an undulator. The K parameter must have the value of 3.5000 {+-} 0.0005. The phase matching from the break regions into the undulator must be accurate to better than 10 degrees. A phase change of 113 x 2{pi} must take place over a distance of 3.656 m centered on the undulator. Achieving these requirements is the goal of the tuning process. Most of the tuning is done with Hall probe measurements. The field integrals are checked using long coil measurements. An analysis program written in Matlab takes the Hall probe measurements and computes the trajectories, phase errors, K value, etc. The analysis program and its calculation techniques were described in a previous note. In this note, a second Matlab program containing tuning algorithms is described. The algorithms to determine the required number and placement of the shims are discussed in detail. This note describes the operation of a computer program which was written to automate LCLS undulator tuning. The algorithms used to compute the shim sizes and locations are discussed.
Wolf, Zachary
The Storm Cell Identification and Tracking Algorithm: An Enhanced WSR-88D Algorithm
Accurate storm identification and tracking are basic and essential parts of radar and severe weather warning operations in today�s operational meteorological community. Improvements over the original WSR-88D storm series algorithm have been made ...
J. T. Johnson; Pamela L. MacKeen; Arthur Witt; E. De Wayne Mitchell; Gregory J. Stumpf; Michael D. Eilts; Kevin W. Thomas
Algorithms, Datastructures, and other Issues in Efficient Automated Deduction
Algorithms and datastructures form the kernel of any efficient theorem prover. In this abstract we discuss research on algorithms and datastructures for efficient theorem proving based on our experience with the theorem prover Vampire. We also briefly ...
Andrei Voronkov
A scalable MPI_Comm_split algorithm for exascale computing
Existing algorithms for creating communicators in MPI programs will not scale well to future exascale supercomputers containing millions of cores. In this work, we present a novel communicator-creation algorithm that does scale well into millions of ...
Paul Sack; William Gropp
A genetic k-modes algorithm for clustering categorical data
Many optimization based clustering algorithms suffer from the possibility of stopping at locally optimal partitions of data sets. In this paper, we present a genetic k-Modes algorithm(GKMODE) that finds a globally optimal partition of a given ...
Guojun Gan; Zijiang Yang; Jianhong Wu
Evaluation of RADAP II Severe-Storm-Detection Algorithms
Computer-generated volumetric radar algorithms have been available at a few operational National Weather Service sites since the mid-1970s under the Digitized Radar Experiment (D/RADFX) and Radar Data Processor (RADAP II) programs. The algorithms ...
Herb A. Winston; Larry J. Ruthi
A hybrid heuristic algorithm for the rectangular packing problem
A hybrid heuristic algorithm for the two-dimensional rectangular packing problem is presented. This algorithm is mainly based on divide-and-conquer and greedy strategies. The computational results on a class of benchmark problems have shown that the ...
Defu Zhang; Ansheng Deng; Yan Kang
Reservoir Operation by Ant Colony Optimization Algorithms M. R. ...
many features which are similar to genetic algorithms (GAs). Table 1 ..... discretized storage volumes as well as along the 60-month operation horizon makes the local update rule .... "Optimization, learning and natural algorithms" Ph .D. Thesis,.
A Total Lightning Trending Algorithm to Identify Severe Thunderstorms
An algorithm that provides an early indication of impending severe weather from observed trends in thunderstorm total lightning flash rates has been developed. The algorithm framework has been tested on 20 thunderstorms, including 1 nonsevere ...
Patrick N. Gatlin; Steven J. Goodman
The Rain Profiling Algorithm Applied to Polarimetric Weather Radar
The algorithm developed in this paper for ground-based polarimetric radars is derived from those used for the spaceborne rain radar of TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission)�the so-called rain profiling algorithms. The characteristic of ...
Jacques Testud; Erwan Le Bouar; Estelle Obligis; Mustapha Ali-Mehenni
Semi-Lagrangian Advection Schemes and Eulerian WKL Algorithms
Several advection experiments were conducted to test semi-Lagrangian schemes and Eulerian Warming-Kutler-Lomax (WKL) algorithms. The Eulerian WKL algorithms, as a special case of fourth-degree (order) Lagrange interpolation, exhibit unacceptable ...
Ching-Yuang Huang
On Massively Parallel Algorithm for Nonlinear Stochastic Network Problems
We develop an algorithm for solving nonlinear two-stage stochastic problems with network recourse. The algorithm is based on the framework of row-action methods. The problem is formulated by replicating the first-stage ...
Nielson, Soren S.
Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm Integrating Tabu Search for Motif Discovery
Extracting motifs in the sea of DNA sequences is an intricate task but have great significance. We propose an alternative solution integrating bacterial foraging optimization (BFO) algorithm and Tabu Search (TS) algorithm namely TS-BFO. We modify the ...
Linlin Shao; Yuehui Chen
A Passive Microwave Algorithm for Tropical Oceanic Rainfall
This study discusses a rainfall algorithm utilizing six channels of microwave radiance data from the Nimbus-7 Scanning Multifrequency Microwave Radiometer. The algorithm is intended for short-term climate studies over the ocean at low latitudes. ...
Barry B. Hinton; William S. Olson; David W. Martin; Brian Auvine
The WSR-88D Severe Weather Potential Algorithm
The WSR-88D severe weather potential (SWP) algorithm is an automated procedure for the detection of severe local storms. The algorithm identifies individual thunderstorm cells within radar imagery and, for each cell, yields an index proportional ...
David H. Kitzmiller; Wayne E. McGovern; Robert F. Saffle
ACO Algorithm for MKP Using Various Heuristic Information
The ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithms are being applied successfully to diverse heavily constrained problems: traveling salesman problem, quadratic assignment problem. Early applications of ACO algorithms have been mainly concerned with solving ...
Stefka Fidanova
Development of Commodity Grade, Lower Cost Carbon Fiber - Commercial Applications
In pursuit of the goal to produce ultra-lightweight fuel efficient vehicles, there has been great excitement during the last few years about the potential for using carbon fiber reinforced composites in high volume applications. Currently, the greatest hurdle that inhibits wider implementation of carbon fiber composites in transportation is the high cost of the fiber when compared to other candidate materials. As part of the United States Department of Energy s FreedomCAR initiative, significant research is being conducted to develop lower cost, high volume technologies for producing carbon fiber. This paper will highlight the on-going research in this area. Through Department of Energy (DOE) sponsorship, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and its partners have been working with the US Automotive Composites Consortium (ACC) to develop technologies that would enable the production of carbon fiber at 5-7 dollars per pound. Achievement of this cost goal would allow the introduction of carbon fiber based composites into a greater number of applications for future vehicles. The approach has necessitated the development of both alternative precursors and more efficient production methods. Alternative precursors under investigation include textile grade polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers and fibers from lignin-based feedstocks. Previously, as part of the research program, Hexcel Corporation developed the science necessary to allow textile grade PAN to be used as a precursor rather than typical carbon fiber grade precursors. Efforts are also underway to develop carbon fiber precursors from lignin-based feedstocks. ORNL and its partners are working on this effort with domestic pulp and paper producers. In terms of alternative production methods, ORNL has developed a microwave-based carbonization unit that can process pre-oxidized fiber at over 200 inches per minute. ORNL has also developed a new method of high speed oxidation and a new method for precursor stabilization. Additionally, novel methods of activating carbon fiber surfaces have been developed which allow atomic oxygen concentrations as high as 25-30% to be achieved rather than the more typical 4-8% achieved by the standard industrial ozone treatment.
Warren, Charles David [ORNL; Paulauskas, Felix L [ORNL; Baker, Frederick S [ORNL; Eberle, Cliff [ORNL; Naskar, Amit K [ORNL
Steam Basics: Use Available Data to Lower Steam System Cost
Industrial steam users recognize the need to reduce system cost in order to remain internationally competitive. Steam systems are a key utility that influence cost significantly, and represent a high value opportunity target. However, the quality of steam is often taken for granted, even overlooked at times. When the recent global recession challenged companies to remain profitable as a first priority, the result was that maintenance budgets were cut and long term cost reduction initiatives for steam systems set aside due to more pressing issues. One of the regrettable results of such actions is that knowledgeable personnel are re-assigned, retired, or released when necessary steam system cost reduction programs are eliminated. When the time arrives to refocus on long term cost reduction by improving the steam system, some programs may have to start from the beginning and a clear path forward may not be evident. New personnel are often tasked with steam improvements when the programs restart, and they may experience difficulty in determining the true key factors that can help reduce system cost. The urgency for lowering long term fuel use and reducing the cost of producing steam is near for each plant. Population growth and resultant global demand are inevitable, so the global economy will expand, production will increase, more fossil fuel energy will be needed, and that fuel will become scarce and more costly. Although fuel prices are low now, energy costs can be expected to trend significantly upward as global production and demand increase. Now is the time for plants to make certain that they can deliver high quality steam to process equipment at lowest system cost. There are three stages to help optimize plant steam for best performance at a low system cost; Phase 1: Manage the condensate discharge locations (where the steam traps & valves are located), Phase 2: Optimize steam-using equipment, and Phase 3: Optimize the entire steam system. This presentation will focus primarily on management of the condensate discharge locations (CDLs) and show sites how to use readily available data to more efficiently achieve goals; but will also provide insight into how the three stages interact to reduce system cost and improve process performance.
Risko, J. R.
Lower bounds on the OBDD size of two fundamental functions' graphs
Ordered Binary Decision Diagrams (OBDDs) are a data structure for Boolean functions which supports many useful operations. Among others it finds applications in CAD, model checking, and symbolic graph algorithms. Nevertheless, many simple functions are ... Keywords: Analysis of algorithms, Computational complexity, Data structures, Theory of computation
Daniel Sawitzki
6.854J / 18.415J Advanced Algorithms, Fall 2001
A first-year graduate course in algorithms. Emphasizes fundamental algorithms and advanced methods of algorithmic design, analysis, and implementation. Data structures. Network flows. Linear programming. Computational ...
Goemans, Michel
Quantum amplitude amplification algorithm: an explanation of availability bias
In this article, I show that a recent family of quantum algorithms, based on the quantum amplitude amplification algorithm, can be used to describe a cognitive heuristic called availability bias. The amplitude amplification algorithm is used to define quantitatively the ease of a memory task, while the quantum amplitude estimation and the quantum counting algorithms to describe cognitive tasks such as estimating probability or approximate counting.
Riccardo Franco
Quantization effects and stabilization of the fast-Kalman algorithm
The exact and actual cause of the failure of the fast-Kalman algorithm due to the generation and propagation of finite-precision or quantization error is presented. It is demonstrated that out of all the formulas that constitute this fast Recursive Least ... Keywords: Kalman filtering, adaptive algorithms, finite-precision error in RLS algorithms, quantization error in fast-Kalman algorithm, recursive least squares filtering
Constantin Papaodysseus; Constantin Alexiou; George Roussopoulos; Athanasios Panagopoulos
Indefinite kernel fuzzy c-means clustering algorithms
This paper proposes two types of kernel fuzzy c-means algorithms with an indefinite kernel. Both algorithms are based on the fact that the relational fuzzy c-means algorithm is a special case of the kernel fuzzy c-means algorithm. ... Keywords: indefinite kernel, kernel fuzzy c-means, non-euclidean fuzzy relational clustering, non-euclidean relational fuzzy c-means
Yuchi Kanzawa; Yasunori Endo; Sadaaki Miyamoto
Local Algorithms for Finding Interesting Individuals in Large Networks
that are distant from all those currently known. The Crawl operation permits an algorithm to explore the neighbors
Plotkin, Joshua B.
Contributors to the Dictionary of Algorithms and Data ...
Contributors to the Dictionary of Algorithms, Data Structures, and Classical Computer Science problems, with some contact information. NIST. ...
The FIPS 186-4 Digital Signature Algorithm Validation System ...
... pass for formal validation, and general instruction for interfacing ... 5 Design Philosophy of the Digital Signature Algorithm Validation System ...
Mehrotra-Type Predictor-Corrector Algorithms Revisited
Feb 5, 2007 ... Mehrotra-Type Algorithm, Polynomial Complexity. ?Corresponding author, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, The University of�...
Backoff algorithms performance in burst-like traffic
In the present paper several backoff algorithms are considered to analysis their behavior in burst-like traffic of smart metering network: YITRAN, Binary Exponential and Polynomial backoff algorithms. The comparison was performed by means of transmission ... Keywords: Markov chains, backoff algorithms, smart grid
Ievgenii Tsokalo; Yamnenko Yulia; Stanislav Mudriievskyi
Self-adaptive harmony search algorithm for optimization
Recently, a new meta-heuristic optimization algorithm - harmony search (HS) with continuous design variables was developed. This algorithm is conceptualized using the musical improvisation process of searching for a perfect state of harmony. Although ... Keywords: Harmony search, Low-discrepancy sequence, Meta-heuristic algorithm, Optimization
Chia-Ming Wang; Yin-Fu Huang
Robot algorithms for localization of multiple emission sources
The problem of time-varying, multisource localization using robotic swarms has received relatively little attention when compared to single-source localization. It involves distinct challenges regarding how to partition the robots during search to ensure ... Keywords: Bayesian filters, Bayesian occupancy mapping, Source localization, biologically inspired algorithms, hill-climbing algorithms, mobile robotic networks, swarm algorithms
Kathleen Mcgill; Stephen Taylor
Algorithms for the generalized weighted frequency assignment problem
We report the performance of 15 construction heuristics to find initial solutions, and 4 search algorithms to solve a frequency assignment problem where the value of an assigned frequency is determined by the site where it is assigned. The algorithms ... Keywords: Cross entropy, Frequency assignment, Genetic algorithm, Heuristics, Simulated annealing, Tabu search
David F. Mu�Oz; Diego F. Mu�Oz
Artificial bee colony algorithm solution for optimal reactive power flow
Artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is an optimization algorithm based on the intelligent foraging behavior of honeybee swarm. Optimal reactive power flow (ORPF) based on ABC algorithm to minimize active power loss in power systems is studied in this ... Keywords: Artificial bee colony, Optimal reactive power flow, Penalty function, Power system
K�r?at Ayan; Ula? K?l?�
Multi-objective immune algorithm with Baldwinian learning
By replacing the selection component, a well researched evolutionary algorithm for scalar optimization problems (SOPs) can be directly used to solve multi-objective optimization problems (MOPs). Therefore, in most of existing multi-objective evolutionary ... Keywords: Baldwinian learning, Immune optimization algorithm, Memetic algorithm, Multi-objective optimization problems
Yutao Qi; Fang Liu; Meiyun Liu; Maoguo Gong; Licheng Jiao
Hybrid solution algorithms for task scheduling problem with moving executors
Heuristic algorithms for solving the task scheduling problem with moving executors to minimize the sum of completion times are considered. The corresponding combinatorial optimization problem is formulated. Three hybrid solution algorithms are introduced. ... Keywords: Artificial intelligence, Flexible manufacturing systems, Scheduling algorithms
Jerzy J�zefczyk
Studying (non-planar) road networks through an algorithmic lens
This paper studies real-world road networks from an algorithmic perspective, focusing on empirical studies that yield useful properties of road networks that can be exploited in the design of fast algorithms that deal with geographic data. Unlike previous ... Keywords: Voronoi diagrams, algorithmic lens, circle arrangements, disk neighborhood systems, multiscale-dispersed graphs, road networks, shortest paths
David Eppstein; Michael T. Goodrich
Orientation domains: A mobile grid clustering algorithm with spherical corrections
An algorithm has been designed and tested which was devised as a tool assisting the analysis of geological structures solely from orientation data. More specifically, the algorithm was intended for the analysis of geological structures that can be approached ... Keywords: Bedding orientation, Shifting grid, Size-oriented clustering algorithm, Square error criterion, Structural analysis
Joana Mencos; Oscar Gratac�S; Merc� Farr�; Joan Escalante; Pau Arbu�S; Josep Anton Mu�Oz
A hybrid real-parameter genetic algorithm for function optimization
One drawback of genetic algorithm is that it may spend much computation time in the encoding and decoding processes. Also, since genetic algorithm lacks hill-climbing capacity, it may easily fall in a trap and find a local minimum not the true solution. ... Keywords: Adaptive mechanism, Design optimization, Function optimization, Genetic algorithm, Simulated annealing
Shun-Fa Hwang; Rong-Song He
On Exact Algorithms for Permutation CSP
In the Permutation Constraint Satisfaction Problem (Permutation CSP) we are given a set of variables $V$ and a set of constraints C, in which constraints are tuples of elements of V. The goal is to find a total ordering of the variables, $\\pi\\ : V \\rightarrow [1,...,|V|]$, which satisfies as many constraints as possible. A constraint $(v_1,v_2,...,v_k)$ is satisfied by an ordering $\\pi$ when $\\pi(v_1)CSP} for arity 2 or 3 can be solved by Held-Karp type algorithms in time $O^*(2^n)$, but no algorithm is known for arity at least 4 with running time significantly better than $2^{O(n\\log{n})}$. In this paper we resolve the gap by showing that {\\sc Arity 4 Permutati...
Kim, Eun Jung
Architectural Implications for Spatial Object Association Algorithms
Spatial object association, also referred to as cross-match of spatial datasets, is the problem of identifying and comparing objects in two or more datasets based on their positions in a common spatial coordinate system. In this work, we evaluate two crossmatch algorithms that are used for astronomical sky surveys, on the following database system architecture configurations: (1) Netezza Performance Server R, a parallel database system with active disk style processing capabilities, (2) MySQL Cluster, a high-throughput network database system, and (3) a hybrid configuration consisting of a collection of independent database system instances with data replication support. Our evaluation provides insights about how architectural characteristics of these systems affect the performance of the spatial crossmatch algorithms. We conducted our study using real use-case scenarios borrowed from a large-scale astronomy application known as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST).
Kumar, V S; Kurc, T; Saltz, J; Abdulla, G; Kohn, S R; Matarazzo, C
A Genetic Algorithm for Best Subset . . .
Given a data set consisting of a large number of predictors plus a response, the problem addressed in this work is to select a minimal model which correctly predicts the response. Methods for achieving this subsetting of the predictors have been the topic of a considerable amount of study within the statistics community. Unfortunately, current methods often fail when the predictors are highly correlated. Furthermore, because of the exponential growth of the number of possible subsets as the number of candidate predictors increase, current methods have great difficulty handling high dimensional data sets. This paper details a method for variable selection using genetic algorithms. A genetic algorithm is described which uses a unique two criteria population management scheme. This method is explorative in nature, and allows for an approximation of the all possible subsets method over a set of interesting model sizes. Results of an application of this method to data are discussed. 1. INTR...
Bradley C. Wallet
We present a new algorithm for detecting transiting extrasolar planets in time-series photometry. The Quasiperiodic Automated Transit Search (QATS) algorithm relaxes the usual assumption of strictly periodic transits by permitting a variable, but bounded, interval between successive transits. We show that this method is capable of detecting transiting planets with significant transit timing variations without any loss of significance-{sup s}mearing{sup -}as would be incurred with traditional algorithms; however, this is at the cost of a slightly increased stochastic background. The approximate times of transit are standard products of the QATS search. Despite the increased flexibility, we show that QATS has a run-time complexity that is comparable to traditional search codes and is comparably easy to implement. QATS is applicable to data having a nearly uninterrupted, uniform cadence and is therefore well suited to the modern class of space-based transit searches (e.g., Kepler, CoRoT). Applications of QATS include transiting planets in dynamically active multi-planet systems and transiting planets in stellar binary systems.
Carter, Joshua A. [Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden St., Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Agol, Eric [Department of Astronomy, Box 351580, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 (United States)
Efficient scalable algorithms for hierarchically semiseparable matrices
Hierarchically semiseparable (HSS) matrix algorithms are emerging techniques in constructing the superfast direct solvers for both dense and sparse linear systems. Here, we develope a set of novel parallel algorithms for the key HSS operations that are used for solving large linear systems. These include the parallel rank-revealing QR factorization, the HSS constructions with hierarchical compression, the ULV HSS factorization, and the HSS solutions. The HSS tree based parallelism is fully exploited at the coarse level. The BLACS and ScaLAPACK libraries are used to facilitate the parallel dense kernel operations at the ne-grained level. We have appplied our new parallel HSS-embedded multifrontal solver to the anisotropic Helmholtz equations for seismic imaging, and were able to solve a linear system with 6.4 billion unknowns using 4096 processors, in about 20 minutes. The classical multifrontal solver simply failed due to high demand of memory. To our knowledge, this is the first successful demonstration of employing the HSS algorithms in solving the truly large-scale real-world problems. Our parallel strategies can be easily adapted to the parallelization of the other rank structured methods.
Wang, Shen; Xia, Jianlin; Situ, Yingchong; Hoop, Maarten V. de
Adaptive optimal control: an algorithm for direct digital control
An algorithm for applying advanced control concepts in heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems has been developed at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (LASL). The algorithm uses optimal control and is adaptive in nature. Simulations for a solar heated and cooled building indicate that use of this algorithm can accomplish a substantial savings in auxiliary energy consumption. In this paper, the algorithm is described and its application is illustrated with a simple example. Simulation results for a more complex system are also presented. The hardware, including the digital computer, needed to implement this algorithm is briefly discussed.
Farris, D.R.; McDonald, T.E.
Enabling multi-cation electrolyte usage in LMBs for lower cost and operating temperature
Alloy anodes form a promising path to the use of multi-cation electrolytes by increasing chemical stability. In this study, a lithium-magnesium alloy anode was developed such that lower cost and lower melting temperature ...
Blanchard, Allan (Allan B.)
Analytical Perspectives on a Protohistoric Cache of Ceramic Jars from the Lower Colorado Desert
Sediments from the Colorado Pla- teau. Ph.D. dissertation.Ceramic Jars from the Lower Colorado Desert J A M E S M . Bsistence on the Lower Colorado and Gila Rivers. Albuquerque:
Bayman, James M; Hevly, Richard H; Johnson, Boma; Reinhard, Karl J; Ryan, Richard
The Influence of Agriculture on Aboriginal Socio-Political Organization in the Lower Colorado River Valley
sistence on the Lower Colorado and Gila Rivers. Albuquerque:D. 1965 Warriors of the Colorado: The Yumas of the QuechanA Brief Survey of the Lower Colorado River from Davis Dam to
Hicks, Frederic
On lower bounds for scheduling problems in high-level synthesis
This paper presents new results on lower bounds for the scheduling problem in high-level synthesis. While several techniques exist for lower bound estimation, comparisons among the techniques have been experimental with few guarantees on the quality ...
M. Narasimhan; J. Ramanujam
Studies of Sealed Storage Jar Near Grand Falls, Arizona.Protohistoric Cache of Ceramic Jars from the Lower ColoradoPress. CACHE OF CERAMIC JARS FROM THE LOWER COLORADO DESERT
Why Are Residential PV Prices in Germany So Much Lower Than in...
Why Are Residential PV Prices in Germany So Much Lower Than in the United States? A Scoping Analysis Title Why Are Residential PV Prices in Germany So Much Lower Than in the United...
US-VISIT Identity Matching Algorithm Evaluation Program: ADIS Algorithm Evaluation Project Plan Update
This document is an update to the 'ADIS Algorithm Evaluation Project Plan' specified in the Statement of Work for the US-VISIT Identity Matching Algorithm Evaluation Program, as deliverable II.D.1. The original plan was delivered in August 2010. This document modifies the plan to reflect modified deliverables reflecting delays in obtaining a database refresh. This document describes the revised schedule of the program deliverables. The detailed description of the processes used, the statistical analysis processes and the results of the statistical analysis will be described fully in the program deliverables. The US-VISIT Identity Matching Algorithm Evaluation Program is work performed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) under IAA HSHQVT-07-X-00002 P00004 from the Department of Homeland Security (DHS).
Grant, C W; Lenderman, J S; Gansemer, J D
Dose algorithm for EXTRAD 4100S extremity dosimeter for use at Sandia National Laboratories.
An updated algorithm for the EXTRAD 4100S extremity dosimeter has been derived. This algorithm optimizes the binning of dosimeter element ratios and uses a quadratic function to determine the response factors for low response ratios. This results in lower systematic bias across all test categories and eliminates the need for the 'red strap' algorithm that was used for high energy beta/gamma emitting radionuclides. The Radiation Protection Dosimetry Program (RPDP) at Sandia National Laboratories uses the Thermo Fisher EXTRAD 4100S extremity dosimeter, shown in Fig 1.1 to determine shallow dose to the extremities of potentially exposed individuals. This dosimeter consists of two LiF TLD elements or 'chipstrates', one of TLD-700 ({sup 7}Li) and one of TLD-100 (natural Li) separated by a tin filter. Following readout and background subtraction, the ratio of the responses of the two elements is determined defining the penetrability of the incident radiation. While this penetrability approximates the incident energy of the radiation, X-rays and beta particles exist in energy distributions that make determination of dose conversion factors less straightforward in their determination.
Potter, Charles Augustus
The Bayesian pursuit algorithm: a new family of estimator learning automata
The fastest Learning Automata (LA) algorithms currently available come from the family of estimator algorithms. The Pursuit algorithm (PST), a pioneering scheme in the estimator family, obtains its superior learning speed by using Maximum Likelihood ... Keywords: Bayesian learning automata, Bayesian pursuit algorithm, beta distribution, estimator algorithms, learning automata, pursuit algorithm
Xuan Zhang; Ole-Christoffer Granmo; B. John Oommen
A Spreadsheet Algorithm for Stagewise Solvent Extraction
The material balance and equilibrium equations for solvent extraction processes have been combined with computer spreadsheets in a new way so that models for very complex multicomponent multistage operations can be setup and used easily. A part of the novelty is the way in which the problem is organized in the spreadsheet. In addition, to facilitate spreadsheet setup, a new calculational procedure has been developed. The resulting Spreadsheet Algorithm for Stagewise Solvent Extraction (SASSE) can be used with either IBM or Macintosh personal computers as a simple yet powerful tool for analyzing solvent extraction flowsheets.
Scalability of Dynamic Storage Allocation Algorithms
Dynamic storage allocation has a significant impact on computer performance. A dynamic storage allocator manages space for objects whose lifetimes are not known by the system at the time of their creation. A good dynamic storage allocator should utilize storage efficiently and satisfy requests in as few instructions as possible. A dynamic storage allocator on a multiprocessor should have the ability to satisfy multiple requests concurrently. This paper examines parallel dynamic storage allocation algorithms and how performancescales with increasing numbers of processors. The highest throughputs and lowest instruction counts are achieved with multiple free list fit I. The best memory utilization is achieved using a best fit system.
Arun Iyengar
Influence of machine organization on algorithms
A comparative analysis of the CDC STAR-100 and the ILLIAC IV for a given code is given. A large two-dimensional Lagrangian hydrodynamic model for the STAR-100 computer was programmed. Some theoretical considerations concerning execution rates are Presented. Some examples are given of where these theoretical considerations were important considerations in the design of the algorithms. Finally, several observations and opinions, many of which may be controversial but which should be considered by the programming world at large, are described. (MOW)
Owens, J.L.
Dosimetric Impact of Using the Acuros XB Algorithm for Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy and RapidArc Planning in Nasopharyngeal Carcinomas
Purpose: To assess the dosimetric implications for the intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy with RapidArc (RA) of nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) due to the use of the Acuros XB (AXB) algorithm versus the anisotropic analytical algorithm (AAA). Methods and Materials: Nine-field sliding window IMRT and triple-arc RA plans produced for 12 patients with NPC using AAA were recalculated using AXB. The dose distributions to multiple planning target volumes (PTVs) with different prescribed doses and critical organs were compared. The PTVs were separated into components in bone, air, and tissue. The change of doses by AXB due to air and bone, and the variation of the amount of dose changes with number of fields was also studied using simple geometric phantoms. Results: Using AXB instead of AAA, the averaged mean dose to PTV{sub 70} (70 Gy was prescribed to PTV{sub 70}) was found to be 0.9% and 1.2% lower for IMRT and RA, respectively. It was approximately 1% lower in tissue, 2% lower in bone, and 1% higher in air. The averaged minimum dose to PTV{sub 70} in bone was approximately 4% lower for both IMRT and RA, whereas it was approximately 1.5% lower for PTV{sub 70} in tissue. The decrease in target doses estimated by AXB was mostly contributed from the presence of bone, less from tissue, and none from air. A similar trend was observed for PTV{sub 60} (60 Gy was prescribed to PTV{sub 60}). The doses to most serial organs were found to be 1% to 3% lower and to other organs 4% to 10% lower for both techniques. Conclusions: The use of the AXB algorithm is highly recommended for IMRT and RapidArc planning for NPC cases.
Kan, Monica W.K., E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong (Hong Kong); Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Hong Kong); Leung, Lucullus H.T. [Department of Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong (Hong Kong)] [Department of Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong (Hong Kong); Yu, Peter K.N. [Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Hong Kong)] [Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Hong Kong)
A digital control algorithm for diesel engine governing
The performance of a microprocessor based precision engine speed control system was investigated. A sample rate selection criteria is presented along with a procedure to implement a high performance digital PID control algorithm. The algorithm requires a digital speed sensor of 12 to 14 bits to minimize excessive fuel rack motion at a steady state due to digital quantization effects. Computer simulation and experimental test results of the algorithm are presented for an 1800 RPM, 125 Kilowatt engine generator set.
Garvey, P.C.
Algorithms for high-throughput disk-to-disk sorting
In this paper, we present a new out-of-core sort algorithm, designed for problems that are too large to fit into the aggregate RAM available on modern supercomputers. We analyze the performance including the cost of IO and demonstrate the fastest (to ... Keywords: asynchronous methods, distributed-memory parallelism, hypercube, out-of-core algorithms, parallel algorithms, quicksort, samplesort, shared-memory parallelism, sorting
Hari Sundar, Dhairya Malhotra, Karl W. Schulz
A wlan scheduling algorithm to reduce the energy consumption of a distributed speech recognition system
In distributed speech recognition, speech features are computed on a mobile device, compressed, and sent to a server that performs the computationally intensive search for the most likely word sequence. Much of the current research in distributed speech recognition has been in the area of feature compression and communication robustness over wireless links, including error correction and concealment techniques. However, another challenge in designing a distributed speech recognition system is minimizing the energy consumption on the mobile device. We consider quality-of-service tradeoffs including compression ratio and overall system latency. Our measurements verify that for high speed wireless interfaces such as 802.11b, small changes in compression rates have little effect on system level energy consumption. However, for wireless networks with lower power/bit-rate ratios such as Bluetooth, the choice of bit-rate and compression ratio becomes more important. We present a wireless LAN scheduling algorithm to minimize the energy consumption of a distributed speech recognition front-end on a mobile device. By powering down the 802.11b interface when not in use, we are able to reduce the energy consumption by up to a factor of 5 in heavy traffic conditions. Increasing the total amount of time spent in the off state to almost one second will allow the system to save power regardless of traffic conditions. We compare the results of this power saving algorithm to the low-power mechanisms of Bluetooth. The lower overhead of Bluetooth allows for greater energy savings with a much lower delay of approximately 300ms. 1.
Brian Delaney; Nikil Jayant
Optimization Online - A well-posed shooting algorithm for optimal ...
Oct 17, 2011 ... Abstract: In this article we establish for the first time the well-posedness of the shooting algorithm applied to optimal control problems for which�...
In this paper, we further investigate the face algorithm by proposing an ...... Therefore, our main purpose in this section is to conduct a comparison between the.
An Alternating Direction Algorithm for Matrix Completion with ...
is simpler and compares favorably with ALS and Mult in terms of both speed and solution ... can extend the algorithms ALS and Mult to solving NMFC. Extending�...
A Modular GCD algorithm over Number Fields presented ... - CECM
(see [8]), and have begun work on an implementation of Zip- pel's algorithm (see [11]). We have encountered three bottle- necks on real problems, namely,�...
Better Mini-Batch Algorithms via Accelerated Gradient Methods
Better Mini-Batch Algorithms via Accelerated Gradient Methods Andrew Cotter Toyota Technological Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago email@example.com Karthik Sridharan Toyota Technological Institute
Researcher, Los Alamos National Laboratory - Methods and Algorithms...
and Algorithms Group in the Applied Physics Division has made many contributions to physics, from quantum field theory, particle and nuclear physics, gravitation, and...
Search via Probability Algorithm for Single-Objective Optimization ...
suggest a new approach to find optimal solutions, the Search via Probability (SP) algorithm. ... searching an optimal solution the first time for each performance.
SEANO: Structure-Exploiting Algorithms for Nonlinear Optimization...
Algorithms for Nonlinear Optimization Advances in high-performance computing have led to a new generation of complex optimization problems that span the breadth of...
A Modular Algorithm for Computing the Characteristic ... - CECM
A Modular Algorithm for Computing the Characteristic Polynomial of an Integer Matrix in Maple. Simon Lo and Michael Monagan. ?. Department of Mathematics �...
A Modular Resultant Algorithm for Number Fields - CECM - Simon ...
We present a modular algorithm for e ciently computing. the Sylvester resultant of ... in Maple using a new data structure which is designed to. support modular�...
A two-way algorithm for the entanglement problem
We propose an algorithm which proves a given bipartite quantum state to be separable in a finite number of steps. Our approach is based on the search for a decomposition via a countable subset of product states, which is dense within all product states. Performing our algorithm simultaneously with the algorithm by Doherty, Parrilo and Spedalieri (which proves a quantum state to be entangled in a finite number of steps) leads to a two-way algorithm that terminates for any input state. Only for a set of arbitrary small measure near the border between separable and entangled states the result is inconclusive.
Florian Hulpke; Dagmar Bruss
An Approximation Algorithm for Computing a Parsimonious ... - CECM
Due to the large number of species in the real data set ? 6808 fungal gene trees from 23 species ? we applied only our approximation algorithm. We observed.
An Exact Algorithm for Power Grid Interdiction Problem with Line ...
Jan 10, 2012 ... An Exact Algorithm for Power Grid Interdiction Problem with Line Switching. Long Zhao(longzhao ***at*** mail.usf.edu) Bo Zeng(bzeng ***at***�...
Lighting networks: A new approach for designing lighting algorithms
In the past, new global illumination algorithms have usually been designed as a single module that was responsible for the simulation of all aspects of illumination in a scene. A recently developed alternative is the design of small and specialized algorithms (lighting operators) together with an infrastructure for creating more complex algorithms by connecting these building blocks--the Lighting Network. In this paper, we discuss the benefits of the Lighting Network approach for designing new and improved global illumination algorithms. Lighting Networks not only provide a flexible infrastructure for new algorithms, they also support a better theoretic understanding of the lighting simulation process. We show that a small number of global light propagation operators already provides the basis for creating many of todays illumination algorithms. Their illumination results are converted into more suitable representations by purely local conversion operators that are specific to an illumination algorithm. Varying the composition of these operators and introducing new elements allows us to create and explore the benefits of new simulation algorithms. We demonstrate the potential of Lighting Networks with several examples, implementing a diverse set of algorithms, such as density estimation, irradiance gradients, and a composite lighting simulation.
Philipp Slusallek; Marc Stamminger; Hans-Peter Seidel
An Improved Cloud Classification Algorithm Based on the SGP CART...
studies which need to group clouds according to cloud types, but also provides necessary information to implement different retrieval algorithms to generate integrated cloud...
Grid Performance Metrics Using Model-less Algorithms Pete Sauer...
- Grid Performance Metrics Using Model-less Algorithms Pete Sauer and Alejandro D. Domnguez-Garca Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at...
A new LP algorithm for precedence constrained production scheduling
Aug 19, 2009 ... Abstract: We present a number of new algorithmic ideas for solving LP relaxations of extremely large precedence constrained production�...
Low-Complexity Message-Passing Algorithms for Distributed Computation
Distributed subgradient projection algorithm for convexnon-expansivity of the projection, and step (ii) followsr, let ? r denote the projection operator onto the span of {
Noorshams, Nima