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Cycloidal Wave Energy Converter
SciTech Connect
This program allowed further advancing the development of a novel type of wave energy converter, a Cycloidal Wave Energy Converter or CycWEC. A CycWEC consists of one or more hydrofoils rotating around a central shaft, and operates fully submerged beneath the water surface. It operates under feedback control sensing the incoming waves, and converts wave power to shaft power directly without any intermediate power take off system. Previous research consisting of numerical simulations and two dimensional small 1:300 scale wave flume experiments had indicated wave cancellation efficiencies beyond 95%. The present work was centered on construction and testing of a 1:10 scale model and conducting two testing campaigns in a three dimensional wave basin. These experiments allowed for the first time for direct measurement of electrical power generated as well as the interaction of the CycWEC in a three dimensional environment. The Atargis team successfully conducted two testing campaigns at the Texas A&M Offshore Technology Research Center and was able to demonstrate electricity generation. In addition, three dimensional wave diffraction results show the ability to achieve wave focusing, thus increasing the amount of wave power that can be extracted beyond what was expected from earlier two dimensional investigations. Numerical results showed wave cancellation efficiencies for irregular waves to be on par with results for regular waves over a wide range of wave lengths. Using the results from previous simulations and experiments a full scale prototype was designed and its performance in a North Atlantic wave climate of average 30kW/m of wave crest was estimated. A full scale WEC with a blade span of 150m will deliver a design power of 5MW at an estimated levelized cost of energy (LCOE) in the range of 10-17 US cents per kWh. Based on the new results achieved in the 1:10 scale experiments these estimates appear conservative and the likely performance at full scale will exceed this initial performance estimates. In advancing the Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of this type of wave energy converter from 3 to 4, we find the CycWEC to exceed our initial estimates in terms of hydrodynamic performance. Once fully developed and optimized, it has the potential to not just outperform all other WEC technologies, but to also deliver power at a lower LCOE than competing conventional renewables like wind and solar. Given the large wave power resource both domestically and internationally, this technology has the potential to lead to a large improvement in our ability to produce clean electricity at affordable cost.
Stefan G. Siegel, Ph.D.
Effects of Tides and Storm Surges on North Sea Wind Waves
Science Conference Proceedings (OSTI)
Effects of tides and storm surges on wind waves in shelf seas are assessed by hindcasting three North Sea storm cases. It is shown that tides and storm surges in shelf seas should be considered as an unsteady medium for wind wave Propagation if ...
Hendrik L. Tolman
MHK Technologies/Multi Absorbing Wave Energy Converter MAWEC | Open Energy
Open Energy Info (EERE)
Absorbing Wave Energy Converter MAWEC Absorbing Wave Energy Converter MAWEC < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Multi Absorbing Wave Energy Converter MAWEC.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Leancon Wave Energy Project(s) where this technology is utilized *MHK Projects/Leancon Real Sea Test Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Oscillating Wave Surge Converter Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 1-3: Discovery / Concept Definition / Early Stage Development & Design & Engineering Technology Description MAWEC is an OWC wave energy converter that works differently from other OWCs in that it concurrently utilizes pressure and suck. This gives the wanted effect that the vertical force on the WEC is zero when the WEC stretches over more than one wave length. The device is V-shaped and oriented perpendicular to wave direction. The device consists of a number of vertical air tubes, and when a wave passes, air is pushed into a pressure channel that sucks air out of the suck channel. During one wave period each tube (120 in total) goes through a sequence where air is first pushed into a pressure channel when the wave is rising and is later sucked from the pressure channel when the wave is falling. In this situation there is constant pressure in the pressure channel and the air flow through the turbines is constant.
Hurricane Gustav (2008) Waves and Storm Surge: Hindcast, Synoptic Analysis, and Validation in Southern Louisiana
Hurricane Gustav (2008) made landfall in southern Louisiana on 1 September 2008 with its eye never closer than 75 km to New Orleans, but its waves and storm surge threatened to flood the city. Easterly tropical-storm-strength winds impacted the ...
J. C. Dietrich; J. J. Westerink; A. B. Kennedy; J. M. Smith; R. E. Jensen; M. Zijlema; L. H. Holthuijsen; C. Dawson; R. A. Luettich Jr.; M. D. Powell; V. J. Cardone; A. T. Cox; G. W. Stone; H. Pourtaheri; M. E. Hope; S. Tanaka; L. G. Westerink; H. J. Westerink; Z. Cobell
MHK Technologies/The Crestwing Wave Energy Converter | Open Energy
Crestwing Wave Energy Converter Crestwing Wave Energy Converter < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage The Crestwing Wave Energy Converter.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Waveenergyfyn Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Attenuator Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 7 8 Open Water System Testing Demonstration and Operation Technology Description The connected pontoons swing around the hinge when the top of the waves passes under the floats The pontoons relative motion is converted into usable energy through a linear PTO system The pontoons are pushed upwards from the below passing wave and again dragged down by the same passing wave Complex hydrodynamic conditions occur under the pontoons when the wave formation pushes the unit up and down simultaneously The energy from waves can be divided into fifty percent potential energy and fifty percent kinetic energy Crestwing absorbs both the potential energy as the kinetic energy which is the back ground for the high efficiency
MHK Technologies/Magnetohydrodynamic MHD Wave Energy Converter MWEC | Open
Magnetohydrodynamic MHD Wave Energy Converter MWEC Magnetohydrodynamic MHD Wave Energy Converter MWEC < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Magnetohydrodynamic MHD Wave Energy Converter MWEC.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Scientific Applications Research Associates Inc SARA Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Point Absorber - Submerged Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 5 6 System Integration and Technology Laboratory Demonstration Technology Description The Magnetohydrodynamic MHD Wave Energy Converter couples the up down motion of heave based systems A shaft transfers wave motion to the MHD generator which is deep underwater The shaft forces the conducting fluid through a set of powerful permanent magnets creating a low voltage high current electrical energy An electrical inverter converts the electrical energy to commercial quality 60 Hz AC power
MHK Technologies/The DEXAWAVE wave energy converter | Open Energy
DEXAWAVE wave energy converter DEXAWAVE wave energy converter < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage The DEXAWAVE wave energy converter.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Dexawave Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 7 8 Open Water System Testing Demonstration and Operation Technology Description The DEXAWAVE wave energy converter has a simple construction It consists of two rigid pontoons hinged together using a patented hinge The one pontoon can pivot relative to the other There is a hydraulic power take off system on top of the converter generating up to 250 kW Technology Dimensions Technology Nameplate Capacity (MW) 25 Device Testing Scale Test *At present our 1 to 5 scale model is working the waters outside the Danish port of Hanstholm collecting valuable data about the waves and currents that are constantly pounding the structure
MHK Technologies/Tunneled Wave Energy Converter TWEC | Open Energy
Tunneled Wave Energy Converter TWEC Tunneled Wave Energy Converter TWEC < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Tunneled Wave Energy Converter TWEC.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization SeWave Ltd Project(s) where this technology is utilized *MHK Projects/TWEC Project Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Oscillating Water Column Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 1-3: Discovery / Concept Definition / Early Stage Development & Design & Engineering Technology Description The Tunneled Wave Energy Converter TWEC utilizes the OWC principle through its use of a proposed bored out tunnel within a cliff side of the Faroe Islands Technology Dimensions Device Testing Date Submitted 10/8/2010 << Return to the MHK database homepage
MHK Technologies/Seatricity wave energy converter | Open Energy Information
Seatricity wave energy converter Seatricity wave energy converter < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Seatricity wave energy converter.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Seatricity Project(s) where this technology is utilized *MHK Projects/Seatricity Antigua *MHK Projects/Seatricity Orkney Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Attenuator Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 7/8: Open Water System Testing & Demonstration & Operation Technology Description In the simplest terms, a float travels up and down with the waves and operates a pump to pressurise sea water which is piped ashore. Many individual pumps are connected together to produce substantial amounts of pressurized water. Once ashore the pressurized sea water is used to drive a standard hydroelectric turbine to produce electricity.
MHK Technologies/SurgeWEC | Open Energy Information
SurgeWEC SurgeWEC < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage SurgeWEC.JPG Technology Profile Primary Organization Resolute Marine Energy Inc Project(s) where this technology is utilized *MHK Projects/SurgeWEC Ocean Testing 1 *MHK Projects/Ocean Trials Ver 2 Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Oscillating Wave Surge Converter Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 5/6: System Integration and Technology Laboratory Demonstration Technology Description A bottom mounted hinged flap that oscillates in response to surface wave activity Mooring Configuration TBD Optimum Marine/Riverline Conditions Devices positoned just outside of the surf zone in hard bottom environment Technology Dimensions
A High-Resolution Coupled Riverine Flow, Tide, Wind, Wind Wave, and Storm Surge Model for Southern Louisiana and Mississippi. Part I: Model Development and Validation
A coupled system of wind, wind wave, and coastal circulation models has been implemented for southern Louisiana and Mississippi to simulate riverine flows, tides, wind waves, and hurricane storm surge in the region. The system combines the NOAA ...
S. Bunya; J. C. Dietrich; J. J. Westerink; B. A. Ebersole; J. M. Smith; J. H. Atkinson; R. Jensen; D. T. Resio; R. A. Luettich; C. Dawson; V. J. Cardone; A. T. Cox; M. D. Powell; H. J. Westerink; H. J. Roberts
MHK Technologies/OCEANTEC Wave Energy Converter | Open Energy Information
Wave Energy Converter Wave Energy Converter < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage OCEANTEC Wave Energy Converter.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization OCEANTEC Energias Marinas S L Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Attenuator Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 5 6 System Integration and Technology Laboratory Demonstration Technology Description OCEANTEC Marine Energy Company Ltd owned by Iberdrola and TECNALIA is developing a sensor for wave energy technology type Spanish attenuator Floating body oscillates due to wave excitation in its main DOF pitch Mooring system allows the body to weathervane so that it is faced to the predominant wave propagation direction Main advantage capture system completely encapsulated free of contact with sea water A flywheel continuously spins under the action of an electric motor Z The pitching motion of the WEC caused by wave action is transformed into an alternating precession in the longitudinal hull axis X A coupling device transforms this precession into an unidirectional rotation of higher frequency that is used to feed a conventional electric generator
The Effects of Wave Energy Converters on a Monochromatic Wave Climate
E-Print Network (OSTI)
in wave energy converters as a possible means of providing renewable energy, the effects of a wave energy The interest in renewable energies is currently increasing due to the reported rise in global temperature is that of wave energy. The research is multifaceted and includes research on the efficiency of wave energy
Fox-Kemper, Baylor
Protecting Against Surges and Temporary Overvoltages
The electrical grid plays host to an array of electrical disturbances. Overvoltages impinging upon residential, commercial, and industrial facilities are some of the most threatening types. The two main types of overvoltages are surges and temporary overvoltages (TOVs). The category surge has several subcategories, such as ring-wave surges (typically generated within industrial facilities) and impulsive surges (mostly associated with lightning). Ring-wave surges typically do not cause damage to equipment...
MHK Technologies/Oceanlinx Mark 3 Wave Energy Converter | Open Energy
Oceanlinx Mark 3 Wave Energy Converter Oceanlinx Mark 3 Wave Energy Converter < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Oceanlinx Mark 3 Wave Energy Converter.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Oceanlinx Project(s) where this technology is utilized *MHK Projects/GPP Namibia *MHK Projects/Greenwave Rhode Island Ocean Wave Energy Project *MHK Projects/Hawaii *MHK Projects/Oceanlinx Maui *MHK Projects/Port Kembla *MHK Projects/Portland Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Oscillating Water Column Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 5/6: System Integration and Technology Laboratory Demonstration Technology Description The Oceanlinx Mark 3 Wave Energy Converter is a floating multi Oscilating Water Chamber Wave Energy Converter. The airflow generated by the OWC passes through a patented Denniss Auld turbine which converts the bidirectional airflow of the OWC to a unidirectional rotation of the axial flow turbine which in turn drives a generator.
MHK Technologies/DEXA Wave Converter | Open Energy Information
Wave Technology Type Click here Attenuator Technology Description The wave energy conversion is similar to other devices There is no data publicly available currently on the...
MHK Technologies/Uppsala Seabased AB Wave Energy Converter | Open Energy
AB Wave Energy Converter AB Wave Energy Converter < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Uppsala Seabased AB Wave Energy Converter.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Uppsala University Division for Electricity Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Point Absorber - Floating Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 5 6 System Integration and Technology Laboratory Demonstration Technology Description The system consists of a linear permanent magnet synchronous generator located on the sea floor The generator is connected directly via a line to a buoy on the surface There are no intermediate energy conversion steps thus the generator motion is the same as the buoy motion Several generators 3 today are connected to a marine substation where the voltage is converted to grid frequency transformed to higher voltage and transmitted to shore All electrical cables throughout the system are fixed i e there are no motions that subject the cables to bending moments
The Relationship between Tropical Easterly Waves and Surges over the Gulf of California during the North American Monsoon
Coastally trapped disturbances, which occur over the Gulf of California and are commonly referred to as gulf surges, are an important mechanism in the transport of low-level moisture into the southwestern United States. To determine whether or ...
Ryan D. Fuller; David J. Stensrud
Measurements of ion cyclotron range of frequencies mode converted wave intensity with phase contrast imaging in Alcator C-Mod and comparison with full-wave simulations
Radio frequency waves in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRF) are widely used to heat tokamak plasmas. In ICRF heating schemes involving multiple ion species, the launched fast waves convert to ion cyclotron waves ...
Jaeger, E. F.
MHK Technologies/Ocean Wave Energy Converter OWEC | Open Energy Information
Converter OWEC Converter OWEC < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Ocean Wave Energy Converter OWEC.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Ocean Wave Energy Company Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Point Absorber - Submerged Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 5 6 System Integration and Technology Laboratory Demonstration Technology Description Neutrally suspended and positively buoyant modules are quick connected into open frame networks Submerged portions are stabilized by variable ballast buoyancy chambers and optional damper sheets situated at a relatively calm depth Frame members carry shaft components of linear rotary converters associated with large point absorber buoys Both directions of reciprocal wave motion i e vertical and horizontal motion directly drive components of counter rotating electrical generators Compared to standard generators wherein one is associated with upstroke and another of smaller proportion with downstroke this configuration increases relative speed with fewer parts Electromechanical loads are real time adjustable with respect to wave sensor web resulting in optimal energy conversion from near fully submerged wave following buoys Electrical conductors are series connected and further quick connected with those of other modules via upper frame members Through implementation of rep
Surge Protection in Low-Voltage AC Power Circuits
Surge Protection in Low-Voltage AC Power Circuits: An 8-part Anthology ... converting old and yellowing papers into 21st Century electronic files, and ...
International Collaborative Tsunamis, Storm Surge, and Wave-Structure Interaction Research Opportunities Using the Oregon State Multidirectional Wave Basin and Large Wave Flume
Opportunities Using the Oregon State Multidirectional Wave Basin and Large Wave Flume Solomon Yim1 , Harry Yeh2 wave 0.8m high in a water depth of 1m. Its waveboards are controlled on an individual basis, making) water depth. The Wave Research Laboratory supports high resolution, large-scale experiments with dense
Yim, Solomon C.
Surge propagation in gas insulated substation
Surge propagation performance in a 550 kV gas insulated substation is studied experimentally and by computer simulation using the Electro-Magnetic Transients Program. Extra capacitance added to the system by the components of GIS such as potential devices, branch buses, circuit breakers deform the wave shape of the travelling surges. A simple modeling technique to represent GIS in surge analysis is proposed and its applicability is proved. Paper No. 80 SM 658-5.
Matsumura, S.; Nitta, T.
Predictive Power Control of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator for Wave Energy Converters
the Doubly- fed induction generator (DFIG). This paper deals then with a model-based predictive power control of a DFIG-based Wave Energy Converter (WEC). In the proposed control approach, the predicted output power was calculated using a DFIG linearized state-space model. The DFIG-based WEC power tracking performances further
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Compressor surge counter
DOE Patents (OSTI)
A surge counter for a rotating compressor is provided which detects surging by monitoring the vibration signal from an accelerometer mounted on the shaft bearing of the compressor. The circuit detects a rapid increase in the amplitude envelope of the vibration signal, e.g., 4 dB or greater in less than one second, which is associated with a surge onset and increments a counter. The circuit is rendered non-responsive for a period of about 5 seconds following the detection which corresponds to the duration of the surge condition. This prevents multiple registration of counts during the surge period due to rapid swings in vibration amplitude during the period.
Castleberry, Kimberly N. (Harriman, TN)
Radio frequency waves in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRF) are widely used to heat tokamak plasmas. In ICRF heating schemes involving multiple ion species, the launched fast waves convert to ion cyclotron waves or ion Bernstein waves at the two-ion hybrid resonances. Mode converted waves are of interest as actuators to optimise plasma performance through current drive and flow drive. In order to describe these processes accurately in a realistic tokamak geometry, numerical simulations are essential, and it is important that these codes be validated against experiment. In this study, the mode converted waves were measured using a phase contrast imaging technique in D-H and D-{sup 3}He plasmas. The measured mode converted wave intensity in the D-{sup 3}He mode conversion regime was found to be a factor of {approx}50 weaker than the full-wave predictions. The discrepancy was reduced in the hydrogen minority heating regime, where mode conversion is weaker.
Tsujii, N.; Porkolab, M.; Bonoli, P. T.; Lin, Y.; Wright, J. C.; Wukitch, S. J. [MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 (United States); Jaeger, E. F. [XCEL Engineering, Inc., Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 (United States); Green, D. L. [Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 (United States); Harvey, R. W. [CompX, Del Mar, California 92014 (United States)
MHK Technologies/Wave Energy Conversion Activator WECA | Open Energy
Activator WECA Activator WECA < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Wave Energy Conversion Activator WECA.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Daedalus Informatics Ltd Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Oscillating Wave Surge Converter Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 4 Proof of Concept Technology Description The full scale WECA design is ideally fabricated with steel so as to be suitable for mounting on the run up wall of breakwaters or other rigid or floating structures The oscillating wave surge converter absorbs most of the energy of the impacting waves and turn it into compressed air which is subsequently converted into electric power or other forms of energy The device utilizes the Critical Momentum Wedge principle where the water rushing into the device resembles a virtual Wedge of kinetic energy
Ocean Wave Energy-Driven Desalination Systems for Off-grid Coastal Communities in Developing Countries
Resolute Marine Energy, Inc. (RME) is based in Boston, MA and is developing ocean wave energy converters (WECs) to benefit remote off-grid communities in developing nations. Our two WEC technologies are based on the heaving and surging motion of a buoy ... Keywords: ocean wave energy, renewable energy, desalination, water, coastal communities
Eshwan Ramudu
MHK Technologies/Green Cat Wave Turbine | Open Energy Information
Wave Turbine Wave Turbine < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Green Cat Wave Turbine.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Green Cat Renewables Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Oscillating Wave Surge Converter Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 1 3 Discovery Concept Def Early Stage Dev Design Engineering Technology Description The Green Cat Wave Turbine employs an extremely novel yet simple mechanical coupling to drive a multi pole Direct Drive generator Recent advances in permanent magnet materials and power electronic converters have opened up this extremely straightforward conversion route Unlike a number of devices currently being investigated this configuration enables maximum energy capture from both vertical and horizontal sea motions swell and surge respectively
Beyond receiver functions: Passive source reverse time migration and inverse scattering of converted waves
We present a wave equation prestack depth migration to image crust and mantle structures using multi-component earthquake data recorded at dense seismograph arrays. Transmitted P and S waves recorded on the surface are ...
Shang, Xuefeng
High conductance surge cable
An electrical cable for connecting transient voltage surge suppressors to electrical power panels. A strip of electrically conductive foil defines a longitudinal axis, with a length of an electrical conductor electrically attached to the metallic foil along the longitudinal axis. The strip of electrically conductive foil and the length of an electrical conductor are covered by an insulating material. For impedance matching purposes, triangular sections can be removed from the ends of the electrically conductive foil at the time of installation. 6 figs.
Murray, M.M.; Wilfong, D.H.; Lomax, R.E.
Hydrodynamic Optimisation of point wave-energy converter using laboratory experiments.
??Investment in renewable energy technology, such as wave power, is increasingly seen as a beneficial and economically-viable alternative to existing fossil-based power plants. New Zealand… (more)
Kelly, Scott John
MHK Technologies/Wave Roller | Open Energy Information
Roller Roller < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Wave Roller.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization AW Energy Project(s) where this technology is utilized *MHK Projects/Peniche Portugal *MHK Projects/AW Energy EMEC Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Oscillating Wave Surge Converter Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 5/6: System Integration and Technology Laboratory Demonstration Technology Description A WaveRoller device is a plate anchored on the sea bottom by its lower part. The back and forth movement of surge moves the plate, and the kinetic energy produced is collected by a piston pump. This energy can be converted to electricity by a closed hydraulic system in combination with a hydraulic motor/generator system. Upgrade to No3 is more powerful hyraulic componets.
Synthesis of Numerical Methods for Modeling Wave Energy Converter-Point Absorbers: Preprint
DOE Green Energy (OSTI)
During the past few decades, wave energy has received significant attention among all ocean energy formats. Industry has proposed hundreds of prototypes such as an oscillating water column, a point absorber, an overtopping system, and a bottom-hinged system. In particular, many researchers have focused on modeling the floating-point absorber as the technology to extract wave energy. Several modeling methods have been used such as the analytical method, the boundary-integral equation method, the Navier-Stokes equations method, and the empirical method. However, no standardized method has been decided. To assist the development of wave energy conversion technologies, this report reviews the methods for modeling the floating-point absorber.
Li, Y.; Yu, Y. H.
WET-NZ Multi-Mode Wave Energy Converter Advancement Project
The overall objective of the project was to verify the ocean wavelength functionality of the WET-NZ through targeted hydrodynamic testing at wave tank scale and controlled open sea deployment of a 1/2 scale (1:2) experimental device. This objective was accomplished through a series of tasks designed to achieve four specific goals: ?Wave Tank Testing to Characterize Hydrodynamic Characteristics; ? Open-Sea Testing of a New 1:2 Scale Experimental Model; ? Synthesis and Analysis to Demonstrate and Confirm TRL5/6 Status; ? Market Impact & Competitor Analysis, Business Plan and Commercialization Strategy.
Kopf, Steven
A method for EIA scoping of wave energy converters-based on classification of the used technology
During the first decade of the 21st Century the World faces spread concern for global warming caused by rise of green house gasses produced mainly by combustion of fossil fuels. Under this latest spin all renewable energies run parallel in order to achieve sustainable development. Among them wave energy has an unequivocal potential and technology is ready to enter the market and contribute to the renewable energy sector. Yet, frameworks and regulations for wave energy development are not fully ready, experiencing a setback caused by lack of understanding of the interaction of the technologies and marine environment, lack of coordination from the competent Authorities regulating device deployment and conflicts of maritime areas utilization. The EIA within the consent process is central in the realization of full scale devices and often is the meeting point for technology, politics and public. This paper presents the development of a classification of wave energy converters that is based on the different impact the technologies are expected to have on the environment. This innovative classification can be used in order to simplify the scoping process for developers and authorities.
Margheritini, Lucia, E-mail: email@example.com [Aalborg University, Department of Civil Engineering, Sohngardsholmsvej 57, DK - 9000, Aalborg (Denmark); Hansen, Anne Merrild, E-mail: email@example.com [Aalborg University, Department of Planning and Development, Fibigerstraede 13, DK - 9220, Aalborg (Denmark); Frigaard, Peter, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Aalborg University, Department of Civil Engineering, Sohngardsholmsvej 57, DK - 9000, Aalborg (Denmark)
Technological cost-reduction pathways for attenuator wave energy converters in the marine hydrokinetic environment.
This report considers and prioritizes the primary potential technical costreduction pathways for offshore wave activated body attenuators designed for ocean resources. This report focuses on technical research and development costreduction pathways related to the device technology rather than environmental monitoring or permitting opportunities. Three sources of information were used to understand current cost drivers and develop a prioritized list of potential costreduction pathways: a literature review of technical work related to attenuators, a reference device compiled from literature sources, and a webinar with each of three industry device developers. Data from these information sources were aggregated and prioritized with respect to the potential impact on the lifetime levelized cost of energy, the potential for progress, the potential for success, and the confidence in success. Results indicate the five most promising costreduction pathways include advanced controls, an optimized structural design, improved power conversion, planned maintenance scheduling, and an optimized device profile.
Bull, Diana L; Ochs, Margaret Ellen
Teleconnections with Tropical Precipitation Surges
Precipitation surges in the equatorial Pacific "dry zone" (as delineated in a study by Doberitz) reveal statistically significant teleconnections with midlatitude tropospheric flow patterns during all seasons. These connections are strongest, ...
Elmar R. Reiter
Industrial Compressor Anti-Surge Computer Control
Abstract—The paper presents a compressor anti-surge control system, that results in maximizing compressor throughput with pressure standard deviation reduction, increased safety margin between design point and surge limit line and avoiding possible machine surge. Alternative control strategies are presented. Keywords—Anti-surge, control, compressor, PID control, safety, fault tolerance, start-up, ESD.
Ventzas D; Petropoulos G
Definition: Surge | Open Energy Information
Surge Surge Jump to: navigation, search Dictionary.png Surge A transient variation of current, voltage, or power flow in an electric circuit or across an electric system.[1] View on Wikipedia Wikipedia Definition In electrical engineering, spikes are fast, short duration electrical transients in voltage (voltage spikes), current (current spikes), or transferred energy (energy spikes) in an electrical circuit. Fast, short duration electrical transients in the electric potential of a circuit are typically caused by Lightning strikes Power outages Tripped circuit breakers Short circuits Power transitions in other large equipment on the same power line Malfunctions caused by the power company Electromagnetic pulses (EMP) with electromagnetic energy distributed typically up to the 100 kHz and 1 MHz frequency range. Inductive spikes
Surge Protection for Electronic Lighting
The EPRI Power Quality Knowledge program provides a wealth of resources in well-designed, readable, and accessible formats. Paramount among these resources are documents covering a wide range of PQ topics, written not only for use by busy PQ professionals, but also to be shared with important end-use customers and internal utility managers.This PQ TechWatch seeks to redefine why electronic ballasts fail, describe some surge-related terminology and definitions, elaborate on a history of surge protection f...
MHK Technologies/bioWave | Open Energy Information
bioWave bioWave < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage BioWave.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization BioPower Systems Pty Ltd Project(s) where this technology is utilized *MHK Projects/bioWAVE Pilot Plant Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Oscillating Wave Surge Converter Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 5/6: System Integration and Technology Laboratory Demonstration Technology Description TThe bioWAVE is based on the swaying motion of sea plants in the presence of ocean waves. The hydrodynamic interaction of the buoyant blades with the oscillating flow field is designed for maximum energy absorption. Mooring Configuration Gravity base Optimum Marine/Riverline Conditions 30 to 50M depth 20kW m wave climate or greater
MHK Technologies/Tide Current Converter | Open Energy Information
Tide Current Converter Tide Current Converter < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Tide Current Converter.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Neptune Systems Technology Resource Click here Current Technology Type Click here Oscillating Wave Surge Converter Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 1 3 Discovery Concept Def Early Stage Dev Design Engineering Technology Description The Tide Current Converter is based on the direct interaction between a magnetic electric and fluid flow field when a conductive fluid moves through a magnetic field electrical power is generated directly inside the fluid volume In this marine application the sea water itself is the conductive fluid A static antenna like structure generates the magnetic fields and at the same time taps the electrical power from the fluid current The configuration resembles a dynamo the sea water being the rotor and the antenna the stator The main advantage of the Magnetohydrodynamics MHD conversion is the absence of moving mechanical drive train components which make contemporary systems vulnerable and maintenance demanding
A method and system for surge detection within a gas turbine engine, comprises: measuring the compressor discharge pressure (CDP) of the gas turbine ...
Surge Protection Anthology All Papers – Part 3
... Failures of lamp ballasts in an industrial plant. ... 1) Residential power circuits are subjected to surge ... The best single statistical estimate is that 2.4 ...
Protecting Structures and Equipment from Surges
This PQ Application provides basic information on the protection of electronic appliances against surges that can occur in the residential and small-business electrical environment.
Characterization of Transient Voltage Surge Suppressors ...
... of the premises wiring inherently restricts the propagation of surges ... PEAC tests were performed by launching a thermal runaway and obsetving the ...
Lightning and Surge Protection of Photovoltaic Installations
... installed at the site, for safety, surge protection ... the cells were described as "melted near the metallic ... horizontal distance from the nearest air terminal ...
MHK Technologies/WEGA wave energy gravitational absorber | Open Energy
WEGA wave energy gravitational absorber WEGA wave energy gravitational absorber < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage WEGA wave energy gravitational absorber.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Sea for Life Technology Type Click here Oscillating Wave Surge Converter Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 5 6 System Integration and Technology Laboratory Demonstration Technology Description The WEGA device is an articulated suspended body semi submerged attached to a mount structure that oscillates in an elliptical orbit with the passage of the waves The movement of the body drives an hydraulic cylinder which pushes high pressure fluid through an accumulator and an hydraulic motor driving the generator that produces energy The articulated body attaches to the mount structure through a rotary head which allows it to adapt to the direction wave propagation Multiple devices can be placed on a single mount structure according to the size and place of the structure
MHK Technologies/WaveBlanket PolymerMembrane | Open Energy Information
WaveBlanket PolymerMembrane WaveBlanket PolymerMembrane < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage WaveBlanket PolymerMembrane.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Wind Waves and Sun Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Oscillating Wave Surge Converter Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 1 3 Discovery Concept Def Early Stage Dev Design Engineering Technology Description WaveBlanket could be called the accordion of the sea Poetically speaking It is simply a bellows played upon by the swells of the ocean WaveBlanket is a flexible polymer membrane which uses air pressure rather than steel to achieve its lateral strength and as a result produces about 1000 times more energy per unit of mass than rigid green energy designs
Window Manufacturer Sees Business Surge As Weatherization Supplier...
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)) Indexed Site
Window Manufacturer Sees Business Surge As Weatherization Supplier Window Manufacturer Sees Business Surge As Weatherization Supplier July 29, 2010 - 4:33pm Addthis Joshua DeLung...
NERSC Supercomputers to Analyze Hurricane Coastal Surges, Help...
NLE Websites -- All DOE Office Websites (Extended Search)
NERSC Supercomputers to Analyze Hurricane Coastal Surges, Help Plan Rebuilding in Louisiana, Gulf Coast NERSC Supercomputers to Analyze Hurricane Coastal Surges, Help Plan...
Centrifugal compressor surge and speed control
Abstract—Previous work on stabilization of compressor surge is extended to include control of the angular velocity of the compressor. First a low-order centrifugal compressor model is presented where the states are mass flow, pressure rise, and rotational speed of the spool. Energy transfer considerations are used to develop a compressor characteristic. In order to stabilize equilibria to the left of the surge line, a close coupled valve is used in series with the compressor. Controllers for the valve pressure drop and spool speed are derived. Semiglobal exponential stability is proved using a Lyapunov argument. Index Terms — Compressors, Lyapunov methods, modeling, surge control.
Jan Tommy Gravdahl; Olav Egel
MOV surge arresters: improved substation equipment protection
The introduction of metal-oxide-varistor (MOV) surge arresters has added a new dimension to substation equipment protection. Through the optimal use of these arresters, it is possible to lower surge arrester ratings and thereby improve protective margins, resulting in a possible reduction of the insulation levels (BIL) of substation equipment. This reduction in BIL can lead to a significant reduction in the cost of substation equipment. General methods are delineated for selecting MOV surge arresters for substation protection and the resulting effect on substation equipment insulation levels.
Niebuhr, W.D.
Surge Protection Anthology Development of Standards ...
... However, it is still frequently necessary for Ontario Hydro to make its own test ... range of surge voltages occurring in low- vc!t=ge zc pcwer circnitr car! ...
A DISTENSIBLETUBE WAVE ENERGY CONVERTER WITH A DISTRIBUTED POWERTAKEOFF R.C.T.Rainey, Atkins Ltd., Woodcote Grove, Epsom KT18 5BW, U.K. firstname.lastname@example.com
1 A DISTENSIBLETUBE WAVE ENERGY CONVERTER WITH A DISTRIBUTED POWERTAKEOFF R.C.T.Rainey, Atkins Ltd., Woodcote Grove, Epsom KT18 5BW, U.K. email@example.com 1. Summary this problem. References [1] Farley F.J.M., Rainey R.C.T, & Chaplin J.R. Rubber tubes in the sea. Phil
Surface Features of Winter Monsoon Surges over South China
The surface features associated with two kinds of winter monsoon surges over south China are studied: the easterly surge (ES) and the northerly surge (NS). Surface meteorological parameters over the region 15°–50°N, 90°–130°E for the surges that ...
M. C. Wu; Johnny C. L. Chan
A High-Resolution Coupled Riverine Flow, Tide, Wind, Wind Wave, and Storm Surge Model for Southern Louisiana and Mississippi. Part II: Synoptic Description and Analysis of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita
Hurricanes Katrina and Rita were powerful storms that impacted southern Louisiana and Mississippi during the 2005 hurricane season. In Part I, the authors describe and validate a high-resolution coupled riverine flow, tide, wind, wave, and storm ...
J. C. Dietrich; S. Bunya; J. J. Westerink; B. A. Ebersole; J. M. Smith; J. H. Atkinson; R. Jensen; D. T. Resio; R. A. Luettich; C. Dawson; V. J. Cardone; A. T. Cox; M. D. Powell; H. J. Westerink; H. J. Roberts
Power Surge: Uranium alloy fuel for TerraPower | Y-12 National Security
Power Surge: Uranium alloy ... Power Surge: Uranium alloy ... Power Surge: Uranium alloy fuel for TerraPower Posted: July 18, 2012 - 9:45am | Y-12 Report | Volume 9, Issue 1 | 2012 Since 2010, Y-12 has provided TerraPower with technical support in the fabrication methods for uranium alloy fuel to be used in a new traveling wave nuclear reactor that can run for more than 30 years without refueling. Image of reactor power concept, used with permission of TerraPower, LLC. Y-12's nuclear expertise, expanding since the site's integral role in the Manhattan Project, is positioning the Y-12 Complex at the forefront of what Sen. Lamar Alexander repeatedly asserts is needed - "a new Manhattan Project for clean energy independence." TerraPower, a private company backed by Microsoft founder Bill Gates, is
Convolution analysis of surge pressure data
Pressure data from underbalanced perforating or back-surge perforation washing are analyzed by convolution analysis. The method presented allows closed-chamber test evaluation of reservoir transmissivity and wellbore skin by a straight-line graph analogous to a Horner plot. As a well-test analysis method, the closed-chamber test avoids surface pressure buildup, which often prohibits conventional drillstem testing.
Simmons, J.F. (Shell Development Co., Houston, TX (US))
Dynamic surge/swab pressure predictions
It is generally accepted that the pulling and running of pipe causes pressure surges. The prediction of pressure surges is of economic importance in wells where the pressure must be examined within narrow limits to prevent lost circulation and formation-fluid influx. For these wells, the drilling engineer needs the best possible method of calculating surge pressures to drill wells with a minimum of trouble. This paper presents a dynamic surge/swab model that extends existing technology with the following features: (1) pipe and annulus pressures are coupled through the pipe elasticity; (2) longitudinal pipe elasticity and fluid viscous forces determine pipe displacement; (3) fluid properties vary as a function of temperature and pressure; and (4) formation elasticity; pipe elasticity, and cement elasticity are all used to determine the composite elastic response of the wellbore. Comparisons between the model and field data demonstrate good agreement. Data matches have been made for both water- and oil-based muds in both shallow and deep wells. Furthermore, the model matches data that had not been previously matched by other models.
Mitchell, R.F. (Enertech Engineering and Research (US))
Opec squabbling sparks surge in world production
In the second half of 1988 Opec member nations began on cheating on their quotas. The resultant 11% surge in Middle Eastern production propelled world output to an average of 58.5 MMbopd. This paper presents an analysis of major oil producing countries of the world and a listing, by country, of world crude oil and condensate production for 1987 and 1988.
Not Available
Vids 4 Grids: Surge Arresters and Switchgears | Department of...
Surge Arresters and Switchgears January 24, 2011 - 5:51pm Addthis This episode of Vids 4 Grids will take us to Hubbell's surge arrester plant in Aiken, South Carolina where we...
Surges of Antarctic Bottom Water into the North Atlantic
Current meter records show that Antarctic Bottom Water surges into the western North Atlantic with roughly a sixty-day period. A time-dependent mass budget which incorporates estimated volume fluxes from geostrophic calculations, surges with a ...
John A. Whitehead
Surges over the Gulf of California during the Mexican Monsoon
Northward surges of relatively cool, moist, maritime air from the tropical Pacific into the southwestern United States occur via the Gulf of California every summer during the Mexican monsoon season. These surges advect large amounts of moisture ...
David J. Stensrud; Robert L. Gall; Mel K. Nordquist
Surge Protection in Low-Voltage AC Power Circuits – An ...
... Discusses low side surges and effects on distribution transformers. Discusses effect of secondary arresters on distribution transformer failures. ...
Surge Suppression of Protection Equipment in UHV Substation
This paper analyses the producing mechanism of surge at protection equipment's ports, surge test of high level is done for signal ports, communication ports and power ports of specific protection equipment sample. Evaluation is accomplished for the methods ... Keywords: protection equipment, substation, surge suppression
Ma Haijie
Surge and Choke Capable Compressor Model
Abstract: A compressor model is developed. It is capable of representing mass flow and pressure characteristic for three different regions: surge, normal operation as well as for when the compressor acts as a restriction, i.e. having a pressure ratio of less than unity. Different submodels are discussed and methods to parametrize the given model structure are given. Both the parametrization and validation are supported extensively by measured data. Dynamic data sets include measurements from engine and surge test stands. The compressor model is further validated against a database of stationary compressor maps. The proposed model is shown to have good agreement with measured data for all regions, without the need for extensive geometric information or data.
Oskar Leufven; Lars Eriksson
MHK Technologies/Neptune Triton Wave | Open Energy Information
Triton Wave Triton Wave < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Neptune Triton Wave.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Neptune Renewable Energy Ltd Project(s) where this technology is utilized *MHK Projects/Neptune Renewable Energy 1 10 Scale Prototype Pilot Test *MHK Projects/Humber St Andrews Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Oscillating Wave Surge Converter Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 1-3: Discovery / Concept Definition / Early Stage Development & Design & Engineering Technology Description The Triton operates in the near-shore and consists of an axi-asymmetrical buoy attached to an A-frame piled into the sea bed. The axi-asymmetrical buoy is designed to generate a counter-phase upstream wave and a much reduced downstream wave, which maximizes capture from the wave and improves overall efficiency. In order to tune the buoy to the incident wave regime, the mass can be controlled by pumping sea water into and out of the hollow cavity inside the buoy. Power take-off is achieved via a piston and hydraulic arrangement.
No Joules for Surges: Relevant and Realistic Assessment of ...
... thesis by the ad absurdurn process, we will compute the "energy in the surge" as defined by the trap- baiting definition of "specific energy" for three ...
Surge Protection Anthology Launch Page Part 7 Mitigation ...
... SRE link, An important link in whole-house protection: Surge reference equalizers, ... Lingering legacies, Lingering lead length legacies, (2002), [0.3 ...
Design and Testing of a Thermoacoustic Power Converter .
??Thermoacoustic engines convert heat into acoustic pressure waves with no moving parts; this inherently results in high reliability, low maintenance and low manufacturing costs. Significant… (more)
Telesz, Mark P.
South American Cold Surges: Types, Composites, and Case Studies
This paper examines the climatological, large-scale, and synoptic-scale aspects of South American cold surges using NCEP–NCAR gridded reanalyses for the 1992–96 period. Three common cold surge types are identified on the basis of a thickness (...
Anthony R. Lupo; Joseph J. Nocera; Lance F. Bosart; Eric G. Hoffman; David J. Knight
A Retrospective Evaluation of the Storm Surge Produced by Hurricane Gustav (2008): Forecast and Hindcast Results
The evolution and convergence of modeled storm surge were examined using a high-resolution implementation of the Advanced Circulation Coastal Ocean and Storm Surge (ADCIRC) model for Hurricane Gustav (2008). The storm surge forecasts were forced ...
Cristina Forbes; Richard A. Luettich Jr.; Craig A. Mattocks; Joannes J. Westerink
MHK Technologies/GyroWaveGen | Open Energy Information
GyroWaveGen GyroWaveGen < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage GyroWaveGen.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Paradyme Systems Technology Type Click here Oscillating Wave Surge Converter Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 5 6 System Integration and Technology Laboratory Demonstration Technology Description A gyro wave energy transducer is mounted on the buoyant body for translating the pendulum like motions of the buoyant body into rotational motion The gyro wave energy transducer includes a gimbal comprised of first and second frames with the first frame being pivotally mounted to the second frame and the second frame being pivotally mounted to the buoyant body A gyroscope is mounted to the first frame for rotation about an axis perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the first and second frames A motor generator is coupled to the gyroscope for maintaining a controlled rotational velocity for the gyroscope Transferring members are associated with one of the first and second frames for transferring torque of one of the first and second frames to the gyroscope about an axis that is perpendicular to that of the gyroscope which results in rotation of the other of the first and second frames An electrical generator is responsive to the relative rotational movement of the first and se
Modeling Extreme Rainfall, Winds, and Surge from Hurricane Isabel (2003)
Landfalling tropical cyclones present major hazards for the eastern United States. Hurricane Isabel (September 2003) produced more than $3.3 billion in damages from wind, inland riverine flooding, and storm surge flooding, and resulted in 17 ...
Ning Lin; James A. Smith; Gabriele Villarini; Timothy P. Marchok; Mary Lynn Baeck
Validation of the Global Relocatable Tide/Surge Model PCTides
The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) has developed a global, relocatable, tide/surge forecast system called PCTides. This system was designed in response to a U.S. Navy requirement to rapidly produce tidal predictions anywhere in the world. The ...
Pamela G. Posey; Richard A. Allard; Ruth H. Preller; Gretchen M. Dawson
VisFiles: the next surge of visualization research
It has been twenty years since the surge of visualization research following the publication of the report on Visualization in Scientific Computing by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) in 1987. Visualization has become a mature discipline, and ...
Kwan-Liu Ma
Switching surge test results ehv substation bus configurations
The industry has been actively engaged in, and has presented many results of, ehv switching surge test programs associated with transmission line designs. It would seem equally important that similar efforts be staged relative to ehv switching surge capabilities of the terminal equipment as it would normally be found in its variety of configurations. Toward this end, a series of switching surge test programs on a number of substation bus configurations was conducted. Particular emphasis was placed on the determination of switching surge characteristics of the air gaps found in ehv substation bus designs. The test data are presented with pertinent data evaluations in an attempt to provide a more refined basis for the application of final judgments to bus designs for 345, 500, and 750 kV substations.
Hertig, G.E.; Kelly, W.B.
Stratus Surge Prediction along the Central California Coast
A simple decision-tree forecast scheme to predict the south-north development or movement of stratus along the central California coast is developed and tested. Known as "stratus surges," these mesoscale events are infrequently observed along the ...
Peter Felsch; Woodrow Whitlatch
An Important Link in Whole-House Protection: Surge ...
... 1 ' 0 ~ ~ i5~\\~~~ee~lng 'fl Q~ doff' di@si@ AN IMPORTANT LINK IN WHOLE-HOUSE PROTECTION: i,od' pith f~aQ EflG SURGE REFERENCE ...
Improved PV system reliability results from surge evaluations at Sandia National Laboratories
Electrical surges on ac and dc inverter power wiring and diagnostic cables have the potential to shorten the lifetime of power electronics. These surges may be caused by either nearby lightning or capacitor switching transients. This paper contains a description of ongoing surge evaluations of PV power electronics and surge mitigation hardware at Sandia.
Russell H. Bonn; Sigifredo Gonzalez
Interleaved power converter
A power converter architecture interleaves full bridge converters to alleviate thermal management problems in high current applications, and may, for example, double the output power capability while reducing parts count and costs. For example, one phase of a three phase inverter is shared between two transformers, which provide power to a rectifier such as a current doubler rectifier to provide two full bridge DC/DC converters with three rather than four high voltage inverter legs.
Zhu, Lizhi (Canton, MI)
Wyoming's Appliance Rebate Program Surges Ahead | Department of Energy
Wyoming's Appliance Rebate Program Surges Ahead Wyoming's Appliance Rebate Program Surges Ahead Wyoming's Appliance Rebate Program Surges Ahead October 19, 2010 - 12:43pm Addthis Wyoming residents can receive rebates on ENERGY STAR appliances such as clothes washers. | File photo Wyoming residents can receive rebates on ENERGY STAR appliances such as clothes washers. | File photo Lindsay Gsell What does this mean for me? Wyoming received $511,000 in Recovery Act funding for its appliance rebate program. The program has already distributed 60% of rebate funding. Wyoming's appliance rebate program, which opened in April, continues through this fall. Residents of the Equality State can receive rebates on ENERGY STAR certified clothes washers, dishwashers, water heaters and gas furnaces ranging from $50 to $250.
Universal thermochemical energy converter
Disclosed are methods and apparatus for a thermochemical closed cycle employing a polyatomic, chemically active working fluid for converting heat energy into useful work.
Labinov, Solomon Davidovich (Oak Ridge, TN); Sand, James R. (Oak Ridge, TN); Conklin, James C. (Knoxville, TN); VanCoevering, James (Oak Ridge, TN); Courville, George E. (Oak Ridge, TN)
Switching Surge and Lightning Impact on Increasing Power Flow
This report describes the effect of transient overvoltages on increasing the power flow on the electric power transmission system. The report focuses on the effect of system changes on transient recovery voltage (TRV) duties imposed on circuit breakers, and the impact of switching surges, lightning, and sustained overvoltages on transmission line upgrading.
Resource allocation for demand surge mitigation during disaster response
Large-scale public health emergencies can result in an overwhelming demand for healthcare resources. Regional aid in the form of central stockpiles and resource redistribution can help mitigate the resulting demand surge. This paper discusses a resource ... Keywords: Decision support, Optimization, Pandemic flu, Resource allocation
Hina Arora; T. S. Raghu; Ajay Vinze
Aging assessment of surge protective devices in nuclear power plants
An assessment was performed to determine the effects of aging on the performance and availability of surge protective devices (SPDs), used in electrical power and control systems in nuclear power plants. Although SPDs have not been classified as safety-related, they are risk-important because they can minimize the initiating event frequencies associated with loss of offsite power and reactor trips. Conversely, their failure due to age might cause some of those initiating events, e.g., through short circuit failure modes, or by allowing deterioration of the safety-related component(s) they are protecting from overvoltages, perhaps preventing a reactor trip, from an open circuit failure mode. From the data evaluated during 1980--1994, it was found that failures of surge arresters and suppressers by short circuits were neither a significant risk nor safety concern, and there were no failures of surge suppressers preventing a reactor trip. Simulations, using the ElectroMagnetic Transients Program (EMTP) were performed to determine the adequacy of high voltage surge arresters.
Davis, J.F.; Subudhi, M. [Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (United States)] [Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (United States); Carroll, D.P. [Florida Univ., Gainesville, FL (United States)] [Florida Univ., Gainesville, FL (United States)
Gravitational Character of Cold Surges during Winter MONEX
The surface pressure, temperature, dew point and wind data over the South China Sea and vicinity during Winter MONEX are examined to determine the timing of the passage of cold surges at various reporting stations. It is found that for more than ...
C-P. Chang; J. E. Millard; G. T. J. Chen
Planetary- and Synoptic-Scale Signatures Associated with Central American Cold Surges
Motivated by outstanding issues from a previous case study of a midlatitude cold surge that affected Mexico and Central America, the climatology of Central American cold surges is examined in this paper. An independently derived listing of 177 ...
David M. Schultz; W. Edward Bracken; Lance F. Bosart
Relationships between Gulf of California Moisture Surges and Precipitation in the Southwestern United States
Relationships between Gulf of California moisture surges and precipitation in the southwestern United States are examined. Standard surface observations are used to identify gulf surge events at Yuma, Arizona, for a multiyear (July–August of 1977–...
R. W. Higgins; W. Shi; C. Hain
New York City Storm Surges: Climatology and an Analysis of the Wind and Cyclone Evolution
A climatological description ("climatology") of storm surges and actual flooding (storm tide) events from 1959 to 2007 is presented for the New York City (NYC) harbor. The prevailing meteorological conditions associated with these surges are also ...
Brian A. Colle; Katherine Rojowsky; Frank Buonaito
The Structure and Evolution of Cold Surges East of the Rocky Mountains
Northerly surges of cold air often move southward along the eastern side of the Rockies from southern Canada into Mexico. The strongest surges, which generally develop in midwinter, are associated with temperature decreases and pressure rises of ...
Brian A. Colle; Clifford F. Mass
Microminiature thermionic converters
Microminiature thermionic converts (MTCs) having high energy-conversion efficiencies and variable operating temperatures. Methods of manufacturing those converters using semiconductor integrated circuit fabrication and micromachine manufacturing techniques are also disclosed. The MTCs of the invention incorporate cathode to anode spacing of about 1 micron or less and use cathode and anode materials having work functions ranging from about 1 eV to about 3 eV. Existing prior art thermionic converter technology has energy conversion efficiencies ranging from 5-15%. The MTCs of the present invention have maximum efficiencies of just under 30%, and thousands of the devices can be fabricated at modest costs.
King, Donald B. (Albuquerque, NM); Sadwick, Laurence P. (Salt Lake City, UT); Wernsman, Bernard R. (Clairton, PA)
Real-time ocean surge warning system, meadowlands district of New Jersey
Low-lying coastal, residential and industrial areas are of great concern to emergency managers because of their susceptibility to tidal flooding and sea level surge. Fairly accurate warnings of sea surges do exist, as does information about property ... Keywords: emergency management, emergency management system, flood, information dissemination, real-time ocean surge warnings, sensor network, sensor system, tide gates
Francisco Artigas; Soon Ae Chun; Yogi Sookhu
... 16. 17, True, AlngDat, dd-mmm-yy, ! Convert ... 18. 19, True, AlngDatTim, dd-mmm-yy hh:mm:ss, True, True, True, True, True, True, ! Display ...
Digital scale converter
A digital scale converter is provided for binary coded decimal (BCD) conversion. The converter may be programmed to convert a BCD value of a first scale to the equivalent value of a second scale according to a known ratio. The value to be converted is loaded into a first BCD counter and counted down to zero while a second BCD counter registers counts from zero or an offset value depending upon the conversion. Programmable rate multipliers are used to generate pulses at selected rates to the counters for the proper conversion ratio. The value present in the second counter at the time the first counter is counted to the zero count is the equivalent value of the second scale. This value may be read out and displayed on a conventional seven-segment digital display.
Upton, Richard G. (Oak Ridge, TN)
Vector generator scan converter
High printing speeds for graphics data are achieved with a laser printer by transmitting compressed graphics data from a main processor over an I/O (input/output) channel to a vector generator scan converter which reconstructs a full graphics image for input to the laser printer through a raster data input port. The vector generator scan converter includes a microprocessor with associated microcode memory containing a microcode instruction set, a working memory for storing compressed data, vector generator hardward for drawing a full graphic image from vector parameters calculated by the microprocessor, image buffer memory for storing the reconstructed graphics image and an output scanner for reading the graphics image data and inputting the data to the printer. The vector generator scan converter eliminates the bottleneck created by the I/O channel for transmitting graphics data from the main processor to the laser printer, and increases printer speed up to thirty fold.
Moore, James M. (Livermore, CA); Leighton, James F. (Livermore, CA)
High printing speeds for graphics data are achieved with a laser printer by transmitting compressed graphics data from a main processor over an I/O channel to a vector generator scan converter which reconstructs a full graphics image for input to the laser printer through a raster data input port. The vector generator scan converter includes a microprocessor with associated microcode memory containing a microcode instruction set, a working memory for storing compressed data, vector generator hardware for drawing a full graphic image from vector parameters calculated by the microprocessor, image buffer memory for storing the reconstructed graphics image and an output scanner for reading the graphics image data and inputting the data to the printer. The vector generator scan converter eliminates the bottleneck created by the I/O channel for transmitting graphics data from the main processor to the laser printer, and increases printer speed up to thirty fold. 7 figs.
Moore, J.M.; Leighton, J.F.
This preliminary phase 1 report summarizes the background and the work on the ''Increased Flexibility of Turbo-Compressors in Natural Gas Transmission through Direct Surge Control'' project to date. The importance of centrifugal compressors for natural gas transmission is discussed, and the causes of surge and the consequences of current surge control approaches are explained. Previous technology development, including findings from early GMRC research, previous surge detection work, and selected publications, are presented. The project is divided into three Phases to accomplish the project objectives of verifying near surge sensing, developing a prototype surge control system (sensor and controller), and testing/demonstrating the benefits of direct surge control. Specification for the direct surge control sensor and controller developed with guidance from the industry Oversight Committee is presented in detail. Results of CFD modeling conducted to aid in interpreting the laboratory test results are shown and explained. An analysis of the system dynamics identified the data sampling and handling requirements for direct surge control. A detailed design process for surge detection probes has been developed and explained in this report and has been used to prepare drag probes for the laboratory compressor test and the first field test. The surge detection probes prepared for testing have been bench tested and flow tested to determine and calibrate their sensitivity to flow forces as shown in data presented in this report. The surge detection drag probes have been shown to perform as expected and as required to detect approaching surge. Laboratory test results of surge detection in the SwRI centrifugal compressor demonstrated functionality of the surge detection probes and a change in the impeller inlet flow pattern prior to surge. Although the recirculation cannot be detected because of the specific geometry of this compressor, there are changes that indicate the approach of surge that can be detected. Preparations for a field test had been completed at one point in the project. However, a failure of the surge probe wiring just inside the compressor case has caused a delay in the field testing. Repairs for the wiring in the compressor have been scheduled and the field test will take place shortly after the repairs.
Robert J. McKee
Thermionic energy converters
A thermionic device for converting nuclear energy into electrical energy comprising a tubular anode spaced from and surrounding a cylindrical cathode, the cathode having an outer emitting surface of ruthenium, and nuclear fuel on the inner cylindrical surface. The nuclear fuel is a ceramic composition of fissionable material in a metal matrix. An axial void is provided to collect and contain fission product gases.
Monroe, Jr., James E. (Timonium, MD)
Liquid metal thermal electric converter
A liquid metal thermal electric converter which converts heat energy to electrical energy. The design of the liquid metal thermal electric converter incorporates a unique configuration which directs the metal fluid pressure to the outside of the tube which results in the structural loads in the tube to be compressive. A liquid metal thermal electric converter refluxing boiler with series connection of tubes and a multiple cell liquid metal thermal electric converter are also provided.
Abbin, Joseph P. (Albuquerque, NM); Andraka, Charles E. (Albuquerque, NM); Lukens, Laurance L. (Albuquerque, NM); Moreno, James B. (Albuquerque, NM)
MHK Technologies/S D E | Open Energy Information
wave surge converter device is shore mounted where the motion of the waves causes a hydraulic platform to move back and forth Technology Dimensions Device Testing Date Submitted...
Fuzzy Logic Control of Compressor Surge in a Turbojet Engine Model.
??Stable operation of a gas turbine engine's axial compressor is constrained by compressor surge and rotating stall. In order to avoid these flow instabilities, an… (more)
Laderman, Mark
Experimental investigation of high-pressure steam-induced surge in a transonic compressor stage .
??Operational experience indicates that steam escaping from carrier catapults has the potential to induce stall or surge in the compressors of jet aircraft during takeoff.… (more)
Hurley, Andrew M.
Regional Identification Methods and Extratropical Dynamical Linkages to Surge Events in the North American Monsoon System.
?? Transient behavior of the North American monsoon allows for episodic northward pulses of atmospheric moisture into the southwestern US. These surge events pose a… (more)
Favors, James Elda
DC systems with transformerless converters
A technical and economic feasibility study of HVDC systems without converter transformers is presented. The presentation includes proposed solutions to the drawback related to the absence of galvanic separation between the ac and dc systems, if the converter transformers are eliminated. The results show that HVDC systems without converter transformers are both technically and economically feasible. The cost savings can be substantial.
Vithayathil, J.J.; Mittlestadt, W. [Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, OR (United States); Bjoerklund, P.E. [ABB Power Systems AB, Ludvika (Sweden)
Transmission line protection based on travelling waves
Major problem of tripping signal of a relay based on steady state component does not warranty faster tripping schemes for protection of extra high voltage transmission lines. Proposed work has made an attempt to find solution to the problem of fault ... Keywords: postfault voltage, relaying signals, surge impedence, transmission line protection, travelling waves
Anuradha S. Deshpande; Grishma S. Shah
Bidirectional buck boost converter
A bidirectional buck boost converter and method of operating the same allows regulation of power flow between first and second voltage sources in which the voltage level at each source is subject to change and power flow is independent of relative voltage levels. In one embodiment, the converter is designed for hard switching while another embodiment implements soft switching of the switching devices. In both embodiments, first and second switching devices are serially coupled between a relatively positive terminal and a relatively negative terminal of a first voltage source with third and fourth switching devices serially coupled between a relatively positive terminal and a relatively negative terminal of a second voltage source. A free-wheeling diode is coupled, respectively, in parallel opposition with respective ones of the switching devices. An inductor is coupled between a junction of the first and second switching devices and a junction of the third and fourth switching devices. Gating pulses supplied by a gating circuit selectively enable operation of the switching devices for transferring power between the voltage sources. In the second embodiment, each switching device is shunted by a capacitor and the switching devices are operated when voltage across the device is substantially zero. 20 figs.
Esser, A.A.M.
Application of Externally Gapped Surge Arresters: A Review of the State of the Art
A literature study has been conducted to compile a technical update on the state of the art of applying externally gapped transmission line arresters. Special attention is given to the coordination of the external gap with respect to the line insulation to ensure reliable arrester operation under lightning conditions while maintaining its integrity during switching surges in case of a failed surge arrester.
Systematic hydraulic study on pumping stations equipped with surge tank mounted next to the pump
An important number of pumping stations, part of the Romanian irrigation systems, were conceived with surge tank mounted on the discharge duct, next to the pump, in order to protect the installation from hydraulic shock. In practice, the dimensioning ... Keywords: air chamber, geodetic head, head loss, pumping station, surge tank
Claudiu Stefan Nitescu; Anca Constantin
Experiments and modelling of surge in small centrifugal compressor for automotive engines
In this paper the surge phenomenon in small centrifugal compressors used for turbocharging internal combustion engines is analyzed. The experimental work was focused on the measurement of compressor behaviour within the surge zone by means of a specifically designed facility. The presented model is based on the introduction of a fluid inertia term that accounts for the non quasi steady effects and the use of a compressor map extended to the surge and negative flows zone obtained from experimental tests. The compressor model was implemented in a one-dimensional gas-dynamic model. The comparison of the modelled and measured evolution of instantaneous pressure during deep surge operation shows good agreement. Furthermore, the model is also able to predict the amplitude and frequency of pressure pulses when the compressor operates in surge with different outlet duct lengths. (author)
Galindo, J.; Serrano, J.R.; Climent, H.; Tiseira, A. [CMT-Motores Termicos, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, P.O. Box 22012, E 46071 Valencia (Spain)
Surge Light-Triggered Thyristor for breaker application. Final report
The object of the Surge Light-Triggered Thyristor program was to develop a device useful for breaker applications. Because of the small, but still finite, on-state resistance of all semiconductor devices, it is not considered economical to utilize such devices in series with the power lines in such applications. However, it is a distinct possibility that a parallel combination of semiconductor switch and mechanical breaker might well combine the advantages of both and, at the same time, reduce the requirements that either would need if used alone. The essential idea of this hybrid breaker is to detect the fault through normal means, and then to initiate the opening of the mechanical breaker. After a few hundreds of arc volts have been reached, the parallel semiconductor switch can be closed. Current transfers to the semiconductor switch and the mechanical breaker is open fully and clear. The dielectric and mechanical stresses on the mechanical breaker are much reduced. The semiconductor switch is then opened by an appropriate signal (or lack of signal) on its control electrode leaving the hybrid breaker open and clear. The semiconductor requirements are less stringent than in a purely semiconductor breaker because the semiconductor can be rated solely for surge duty. Moreover, the starting temperature of the semiconductor switch is not raised above ambient by the need to conduct the normal system current. It is hoped that a hybrid breaker will allow breakers to be built that are less costly, more reliable, and that have higher power ratings and faster response and reclosure times.
Temple, V.A.K.; Holroyd, F.W.
Wave Power: Destroyer of Rocks; Creator of Clean Energy
E E PG&E Wave Energy Wave Energy Federal Utility Partnership Federal Utility Partnership Working Group Meeting Working Group Meeting Wave Energy Wave Energy Development Development Ontario, CA Ontario, CA November 18 November 18- -19, 200 19, 2009 9 Donald G. Price Donald G. Price Senior Consulting Scientist, PG&E Senior Consulting Scientist, PG&E Wave Power Overview Wave Power Overview * * What is Wave Power? What is Wave Power? o o Wave power or wave energy is the energy contained in ocean Wave power or wave energy is the energy contained in ocean o o Wave power or wave energy is the energy contained in ocean Wave power or wave energy is the energy contained in ocean waves that is converted into electricity by various means. waves that is converted into electricity by various means. o o It is a clean, renewable energy resource capable of being utilized
FrAT2.4 Introducing Back-up to Active Compressor Surge Control System ?
Abstract: A novel method for introducing a back-up system to an active compressor surge control system is presented in this paper. Active surge control is a promising method for extending the compressor map towards and into the unstable area at low mass flow by stabilizing the surge phenomenon. The method also has potential for allowing operation at higher efficiencies. However, a failure in the active surge control system may endanger the compressor by entering deep surge as the compressor is allowed to operate in the stabilized surge area. We propose the use of a back-up system applied to the active system to keep the compressor safe should the active system fail. This paper present an active compressor surge control system with piston actuation combined with a blow off system as the back-up. Performance of the combined system is evaluated by simulating the system in situations where the piston is saturated or jammed. The combination results in a system with increased performance by taking advantage of both systems.
Nur Uddin; Jan Tommy Gravdahl
Advanced converter reactors
Advanced converter reactors (ACRs) of primary US interest are those which can be commercialized within about 20 years, and are: Advanced Light-Water Reactors, Spectral-Shift-Control Reactors, Heavy-Water Reactors (CANDU type), and High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactors. These reactors can operate on uranium, thorium, or uranium-thorium fuel cycles, but have the greatest fuel utilization on thorium type cycles. The water reactors tend to operate more economically on uranium cycles, while the HTGR is more economical on thorium cycles. Thus, the HTGR had the greatest practical potential for improving fuel utilization. If the US has 3.4 to 4 million tons U/sub 3/O/sub 8/ at reasonable costs, ACRs can make important contributions to maintaining a high nuclear power level for many decades; further, they work well with fast breeder reactors in the long term under symbiotic fueling conditions. Primary nuclear data needs of ACRs are integral measurements of reactivity coefficients and resonance absorption integrals.
Kasten, P.R.
Study on the Accidental Rupture of Hot Leg or Surge Line in SBO Accident
The postulated total station blackout accident (SBO) of PWR NPP with 600 MWe in China is analyzed as the base case using SCDAP/RELAP5 code. Then the hot leg or surge line are assumed to rupture before the lower head of Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV) ruptures, and the progressions are analyzed in detail comparing with the base case. The results show that the accidental rupture of hot leg or surge line will greatly influence the progression of accident. The probability of hot leg or surge line rupture in intentional depressurization is also studied in this paper, which provides a suggestion to the development of Severe Accident Management Guidelines (SAMG). (authors)
Kun Zhang; Xuewu Cao [Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai (China)
Greenhouse Gases Converted to Fuel
Greenhouse Greenhouse Gases Converted to Fuel Greenhouse Gases Converted to Fuel carbon-conversion-fig-1.jpg Key Challenges: An important strategy for reducing global CO2 emissions calls for capturing the greenhouse gas and converting it to fuels and chemicals. Although researchers working toward that goal demonstrated in 1992 such a reaction in the lab, a key outstanding scientific challenge was explaining the details of how the reaction took place - its "mechanism." Why it Matters: An important potential strategy for reducing global CO2 emissions calls for capturing the greenhouse gas and converting it electrochemically to fuels and chemicals. Accomplishments: Computation to explain how carbon dioxide can be converted to small organic molecules with little energy input. The
Wave Energy Extraction from buoys
Different types of Wave Energy Converters currently tested or under development are using the vertical movement of floating bodies to generate electricity. For commercial applications, arrays have to be considered in order ...
Garnaud, Xavier
Storm Surge and "Certain Death": Interviews with Texas Coastal Residents following Hurricane Ike
Hurricane Ike made landfall near Galveston, Texas, on 13 September 2008 as a large category 2 storm that generated significant storm surge and flooding. This article presents findings from an empirical case study of Texas coastal residents' ...
Rebecca E. Morss; Mary H. Hayden
Flow, Moisture, and Thermodynamic Variability Associated with Gulf of California Surges within the North American Monsoon
This study uses an improved surge identification method to examine composites of 29 yr of surface observations and reanalysis data alongside 10 yr of satellite precipitation data to reveal connections between flow, thermodynamic parameters, and ...
Nicole J. Schiffer; Stephen W. Nesbitt
Improving Short-Range Ensemble Kalman Storm Surge Forecasting Using Robust Adaptive Inflation
This paper presents a robust ensemble filtering methodology for storm surge forecasting based on the singular evolutive interpolated Kalman (SEIK) filter, which has been implemented in the framework of the H? filter. By design, an H? filter is ...
M. U. Altaf; T. Butler; X. Luo; C. Dawson; T. Mayo; I. Hoteit
Toward the Probabilistic Simulation of Storm Surge and Inundation in a Limited-Resource Environment
To create more useful storm surge and inundation forecast products, probabilistic elements are being incorporated. To achieve the highest levels of confidence in these products, it is essential that as many simulations as possible are performed ...
Justin R. Davis; Vladimir A. Paramygin; David Forrest; Y. Peter Sheng
Cold Surges in Tropical and Extratropical South America: The Strong Event in June 1994
The authors investigate one case of surges of polar air that occasionally propagate into southeastern Brazil during wintertime and are harmful to coffee production because of the freezing conditions associated with them. The cooling is also ...
Jose Marengo; Angel Cornejo; Prakky Satyamurty; Carlos Nobre; William Sea
Relationships between Sea Surface Temperatures in the Gulf of California and Surge Events
Relationships between sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the Gulf of California (GoC) and moisture surge events during the North American Monsoon Experiment (NAME) were examined using the multiplatform-merged daily SST data and the final NCEP ...
Kingtse Mo; R. W. Higgins
Simulations of Cold Surges over Oceans with Application to AMTEX'75
Comparative numerical experiments and observational verifications for cold surges over the ocean are conducted using a primitive equation planetary boundary layer (PBL) model. The comparative experiments illustrate the importance of large-scale ...
Chiu-Wai Yuen
Comparisons of HRD and SLOSH Surface Wind Fields in Hurricanes: Implications for Storm Surge Modeling
Surface wind observations analyzed by the Hurricane Research Division (HRD) were compared to those computed by the parametric wind model used in the National Weather Service Sea, Lake, and Overland Surges from Hurricanes (SLOSH) model's storm ...
Samuel H. Houston; Wilson A. Shaffer; Mark D. Powell; Jye Chen
Modeling Coastally Trapped Wind Surges over Southeastern Australia. Part II: Intensity and Depth
A numerical weather prediction (NWP) model at the School of Mathematics, University of New South Wales, has been used to simulate the southerly buster, a southerly wind surge along the coast of New South Wales (NSW), which occurs during the ...
Helen J. Reid
Measuring Storm Surge with an Airborne Wide-Swath Radar Altimeter
Over the years, hurricane track forecasts and storm surge models, as well the digital terrain and bathymetry data they depend on, have improved significantly. Strides have also been made in the knowledge of the detailed variation of the surface ...
C. W. Wright; E. J. Walsh; W. B. Krabill; W. A. Shaffer; S. R. Baig; M. Peng; L. J. Pietrafesa; A. W. Garcia; F. D. Marks Jr.; P. G. Black; J. Sonntag; B. D. Beckley
Plasma pressure surges due to the growth of ballooning modes
A system of equations is proposed to explain the bursts of MHD waves observed in experiments on producing a high-pressure plasma in a tokamak through neutral injection.
Gribkov, V.M.; Kadomtsev, B.B.; Pogutse, O.P.
We present a multi-wavelength study of recurrent surges observed in H{alpha}, UV (Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO)/EIT), and Radio (Learmonth, Australia) from the super-active region NOAA 10484 on 2003 October 25. Several bright structures visible in H{alpha} and UV corresponding to subflares are also observed at the base of each surge. Type III bursts are triggered and RHESSI X-ray sources are evident with surge activity. The major surge consists of bunches of ejective paths forming a fan-shaped region with an angular size of ( Almost-Equal-To 65 Degree-Sign ) during its maximum phase. The ejection speed reaches up to {approx}200 km s{sup -1}. The SOHO/Michelson Doppler Imager magnetograms reveal that a large dipole emerges from the east side of the active region on 2003 October 18-20, a few days before the surges. On 2003 October 25, the major sunspots were surrounded by 'moat regions' with moving magnetic features (MMFs). Parasitic fragmented positive polarities were pushed by the ambient dispersion motion of the MMFs and annihilated with negative polarities at the borders of the moat region of the following spot to produce flares and surges. A topology analysis of the global Sun using Potential Field Source Surface shows that the fan structures visible in the EIT 171 A images follow magnetic field lines connecting the present active region to a preceding active region in the southeast. Radio observations of Type III bursts indicate that they are coincident with the surges, suggesting that magnetic reconnection is the driver mechanism. The magnetic energy released by the reconnection is transformed into plasma heating and provides the kinetic energy for the ejections. A lack of a radio signature in the high corona suggests that the surges are confined to follow the closed field lines in the fans. We conclude that these cool surges may have some local heating effects in the closed loops, but probably play a minor role in global coronal heating and the surge material does not escape to the solar wind.
Uddin, Wahab; Srivastava, Abhishek K. [Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES), Nainital (India); Schmieder, B. [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon, 92195, Meudon Cedex (France); Chandra, R.; Bisht, S. [Department of Physics, DSB Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital 263002 (India); Kumar, Pankaj, E-mail: email@example.com [Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI), Daejeon 305-348 (Korea, Republic of)
MHK Technologies/Hybrid wave Wind Wave pumps and turbins | Open Energy
Wind Wave pumps and turbins Wind Wave pumps and turbins < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Hybrid wave Wind Wave pumps and turbins.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Ocean Wave Wind Energy Ltd OWWE Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Point Absorber - Floating Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 1 3 Discovery Concept Def Early Stage Dev Design Engineering Technology Description 2Wave1Wind The hybrid wave power rig uses two wave converting technologies in addition to wind mills The main system is a pneumatic float in the category of overtopping as Wave Dragon In addition the pneumatic float can house point absorbers The hybrid wave power rig is based on the patented wave energy converter from 2005
The objective of this Direct Surge Control project was to develop a new internal method to avoid surge of pipeline compressors. This method will safely expand the range and flexibility of compressor operations, while minimizing wasteful recycle flow at the lower end of the operating envelope. The approach is to sense the onset of surge with a probe that directly measures re-circulation at the impeller inlet. The signals from the probe are used by a controller to allow operation at low flow conditions without resorting to a predictive method requiring excessive margin to activate a recycle valve. The sensor developed and demonstrated during this project was a simple, rugged, and sensitive drag probe. Experiments conducted in a laboratory compressor clearly showed the effectiveness of the technique. Subsequent field demonstrations indicated that the increase in range without the need to recycle flow was on the order of 19% to 25%. The cost benefit of applying the direct surge control technology appears to be as much as $120 per hour per compressor for operation without the current level of recycle flow. This could amount to approximately $85 million per year for the U.S. Natural Gas Transmission industry, if direct surge control systems are applied to most pipeline centrifugal compressors.
Robert J. McKee; Shane P. Siebenaler; Danny M. Deffenbaugh
Ocean Tidal and Wave Energy
First published in 2000, the annual Renewable Energy Technical Assessment Guide (TAG-RE) provides a consistent basis for evaluating the economic feasibility of renewable generation technologies. This excerpt from the 2005 TAG-RE addresses ocean tidal and wave energy conversion technologies, which offer promise for converting the significant energy potential available in ocean tidal currents and waves to electricity in the future.
Array Converter | Open Energy Information
Converter Converter Jump to: navigation, search Name Array Converter Place Sunnyvale, California Zip 94086 Product US manufacturer of micro-inverters. Coordinates 32.780338°, -96.547405° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":32.780338,"lon":-96.547405,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Offshore Wind Project Surges Ahead in South Carolina | Department of Energy
Offshore Wind Project Surges Ahead in South Carolina Offshore Wind Project Surges Ahead in South Carolina Offshore Wind Project Surges Ahead in South Carolina October 13, 2010 - 11:21am Addthis Stephen Graff Former Writer & editor for Energy Empowers, EERE In the parking lot of Coastal Carolina University's Center for Marine and Wetland Studies (CMWS) in Conway, South Carolina, sit six buoys just back from sea. For 14 months, they were floating miles off the coasts of Myrtle Beach and Winyah Bay, as part of the Palmetto Wind Research Project in South Carolina, taking wind speed measurements for a study that could lay the foundation for an offshore wind farm. "It's been cooking along under the radar," said Paul Gayes, director of the CMWS, which partnered with local utility Santee Cooper. "We've
Offshore wind project surges ahead in South Carolina | Department of Energy
Offshore wind project surges ahead in South Carolina Offshore wind project surges ahead in South Carolina Offshore wind project surges ahead in South Carolina October 12, 2010 - 10:00am Addthis Researchers pull buoys from waters off South Carolina's coast. The buoys collected wind speed measurements for the past year. | Photo courtesy of the Center for Marine and Wetland Studies Researchers pull buoys from waters off South Carolina's coast. The buoys collected wind speed measurements for the past year. | Photo courtesy of the Center for Marine and Wetland Studies Stephen Graff Former Writer & editor for Energy Empowers, EERE 6 buoys collected wind speeds off South Carolina coast Data collected helps determine possible location for an offshore wind farm DOE funded research for early stage of project In the parking lot of Coastal Carolina University's Center for Marine and
Vids4Grids - Controls, Connectors & Surge Protectors | Department of Energy
Grids - Controls, Connectors & Surge Protectors Grids - Controls, Connectors & Surge Protectors Vids4Grids - Controls, Connectors & Surge Protectors April 6, 2011 - 4:20pm Addthis Take a trip to Melville, New York, home of Leviton Manufacturing, and learn about lighting controls and how they effect the Smart Grid. Deborah J. Buterbaugh Energy Project Specialist at National Energy Technology Laboratory What does this mean for me? These devices are helping deliver the reliable, secure electricity that powers American life. The Vids4Grids series marches on with the next three videos in the twelve video series. The project encourages industry participation in curriculum development for power engineering, and increases general public knowledge of the power sector through the open access of YouTube. We have introduced you to advanced technologies, including superconducting
Multilevel converters for power system applications
Multilevel converters are emerging as a new breed of power converter options for power system applications. These converters are most suitable for high voltage high power applications because they connect devices in series without the need for component matching. One of the major limitations of the multilevel converters is the voltage unbalance between different levels. To avoid voltage unbalance between different levels, several techniques have been proposed for different applications. Excluding magnetic-coupled converters, this paper introduces three multilevel voltage source converters: (1) diode-clamp, (2) flying-capacitors, and (3) cascaded inverters with separate dc sources. The operation principle, features, constraints, and potential applications of these converters will be discussed.
Lai, J.S.; Stovall, J.P. [Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States); Peng, F.Z. [Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)]|[Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)
Explicitly Stochastic Parameterization of Nonorographic Gravity Wave Drag
A straightforward methodology is presented for converting the deterministic multiwave parameterizations of nonorographic gravity wave drag, currently used in general circulation models (GCMs), to stochastic analogs that use fewer waves (in the ...
Stephen D. Eckermann
Systematic hydraulic study for the preliminary sizing of the surge tanks mounted close to the pumping station
The surge tanks, assumed to have no hydraulic loss at the bottom connection to the main discharge duct, are the simplest and safest protective device. An important number of pumping stations, part of the Romanian irrigation systems, were conceived with ... Keywords: air chamber, geodetic head, head loss, pumping station, surge tank
Verification of a Multimodel Storm Surge Ensemble around New York City and Long Island for the Cool Season
Three real-time storm surge forecasting systems [the eight-member Stony Brook ensemble (SBSS), the Stevens Institute of Technology's New York Harbor Observing and Prediction System (SIT-NYHOPS), and the NOAA Extratropical Storm Surge (NOAA-ET) ...
Tom Di Liberto; Brian A. Colle; Nickitas Georgas; Alan F. Blumberg; Arthur A. Taylor
The climatology of East Asian winter monsoon and cold surges from 1979--1995 NCEP/NCAR reanalyses
The East Asian winter monsoon, which is associated with the Siberian high and active cold surges, is one of the most energetic monsoon circulation systems. The dramatic shift of northeasterlies and the outbreak of cold surges dominate the winter weather and local climate in the East Asian region, and may exert a strong impact on the extratropical and tropical planetary-scale circulations and influence the SSTs in the tropical western Pacific. General characteristics of the winter monsoon and cold surges and their possible link with tropical disturbances are revealed in many observational studies. Little attention has been given to the climatological aspects of the winter monsoon and cold surges. The purpose of this study is to compile and document the East Asian mean winter circulation, and present the climatology of cold surges and the Siberian high based on the 1979--1995 NCEP/NCAR reanalyses. Of particular interest is the interannual variation of winter monsoon circulation and cold surge events. Given that the cold surge activity and the Indonesian convection are much reduced during the 1982--83 period, one of the goals is to determine whether there exists a statistically significant relationship between ENSO and the interannual variation of winter monsoon and cold surges.
Yi Zhang; Sperber, K.; Boyle, J.
On the effect of pulsating flow on surge margin of small centrifugal compressors for automotive engines
Surge is becoming a limiting factor in the design of boosting systems of downsized diesel engines. Although standard compressor flowcharts are used for the selection of those machines for a given application, on-engine conditions widely differ from steady flow conditions, thus affecting compressor behaviour and consequently surge phenomenon. In this paper the effect of pulsating flow is investigated by means of a steady gas-stand that has been modified to produce engine-like pulsating flow. The effect of pressure pulses' amplitude and frequency on the compressor surge line location has been checked. Results show that pulsating flow in the 40-67 Hz range (corresponding to characteristic pulsation when boosting an internal combustion engine) increases surge margin. This increased margin is similar for all the tested frequencies but depends on pulsation amplitude. In a further step, a non-steady compressor model is used for modelling the tests, thus allowing a deeper analysis of the involved phenomena. Model results widely agree with experimental results. (author)
Galindo, J.; Climent, H.; Guardiola, C.; Tiseira, A. [CMT-Motores Termicos, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia (Spain); Camino de Vera s/n, E 46022, Valencia (Spain)
The 1993 Superstorm Cold Surge: Frontal Structure, Gap Flow, and Tropical Impact
In the wake of the eastern United States cyclone of 12–14 March 1993, a cold surge, originating over Alaska and western Canada, brought northerlies exceeding 20 m s?1 and temperature decreases up to 15°C over 24 h into Mexico and Central America. ...
David M. Schultz; W. Edward Bracken; Lance F. Bosart; Gregory J. Hakim; Mary A. Bedrick; Michael J. Dickinson; Kevin R. Tyle
Portable convertible blast effects shield
A rapidly deployable portable convertible blast effects shield/ballistic shield includes a set two or more telescoping cylindrical rings operably connected to each other to convert between a telescopically-collapsed configuration for storage and transport, and a telescopically-extended upright configuration forming an expanded inner volume. In a first embodiment, the upright configuration provides blast effects shielding, such as against blast pressures, shrapnel, and/or fire balls. And in a second embodiment, the upright configuration provides ballistic shielding, such as against incoming weapons fire, shrapnel, etc. Each ring has a high-strength material construction, such as a composite fiber and matrix material, capable of substantially inhibiting blast effects and impinging projectiles from passing through the shield. And the set of rings are releasably securable to each other in the telescopically-extended upright configuration, such as by click locks.
Pastrnak, John W. (Livermore, CA); Hollaway, Rocky (Modesto, CA); Henning, Carl D. (Livermore, CA); Deteresa, Steve (Livermore, CA); Grundler, Walter (Hayward, CA); Hagler, Lisle B. (Berkeley, CA); Kokko, Edwin (Dublin, CA); Switzer, Vernon A (Livermore, CA)
Pastrnak, John W. (Livermore, CA); Hollaway, Rocky (Modesto, CA); Henning, Carl D. (Livermore, CA); Deteresa, Steve (Livermore, CA); Grundler, Walter (Hayward, CA); Hagler,; Lisle B. (Berkeley, CA); Kokko, Edwin (Dublin, CA); Switzer, Vernon A (Livermore, CA)
A rapidly deployable portable convertible blast effects shield/ballistic shield includes a set two or more frusto-conically-tapered telescoping rings operably connected to each other to convert between a telescopically-collapsed configuration for storage and transport, and a telescopically-extended upright configuration forming an expanded inner volume. In a first embodiment, the upright configuration provides blast effects shielding, such as against blast pressures, shrapnel, and/or fire balls. And in a second embodiment, the upright configuration provides ballistic shielding, such as against incoming weapons fire, shrapnel, etc. Each ring has a high-strength material construction, such as a composite fiber and matrix material, capable of substantially inhibiting blast effects and impinging projectiles from passing through the shield. And the set of rings are releasably securable to each other in the telescopically-extended upright configuration by the friction fit of adjacent pairs of frusto-conically-tapered rings to each other.
Pastrnak, John W. (Livermore, CA); Hollaway, Rocky (Modesto, CA); Henning, Carl D. (Livermore, CA); Deteresa, Steve (Livermore, CA); Grundler, Walter (Hayward, CA); Hagler, Lisle B. (Berkeley, CA); Kokko, Edwin (Dublin, CA); Switzer, Vernon A. (Livermore, CA)
Converting Petroleum Coke to Electricity
Changes in oil refining technology and economics are driving refiners to utilize thermal processes to maximize the conversion of heavy crude oil components to clean products. Since the primary unit operation to accomplish this objective is the coking unit, more cokers are being built, and existing cokers are being operated to maximum capacity utilization. SRI recently completed an assignment for a refiner interested in converting the by-product fluid coke from his unit to electricity. This paper presents the operating history of US based plants converting petroleum coke to electricity, and presents generic economics for the conversion process utilizing three primary technologies available: conventional pulverized coke combustion, atmospheric fluidized bed combustion, and coke gasification combined cycle power production.
Pavone, A.
Transition of the Coastal and Estuarine Storm Tide Model to an Operational Storm Surge Forecast Model: A Case Study of the Florida Coast
The operational forecast demands and constraints of the National Hurricane Center require that a storm surge model in research mode be tested against a benchmark model such as Sea, Lake, and Overland Surges from Hurricanes (SLOSH) for accuracy, ...
Keqi Zhang; Yuepeng Li; Huiqing Liu; Jamie Rhome; Cristina Forbes
Auxiliary resonant DC tank converter
An auxiliary resonant dc tank (ARDCT) converter is provided for achieving soft-switching in a power converter. An ARDCT circuit is coupled directly across a dc bus to the inverter to generate a resonant dc bus voltage, including upper and lower resonant capacitors connected in series as a resonant leg, first and second dc tank capacitors connected in series as a tank leg, and an auxiliary resonant circuit comprising a series combination of a resonant inductor and a pair of auxiliary switching devices. The ARDCT circuit further includes first clamping means for holding the resonant dc bus voltage to the dc tank voltage of the tank leg, and second clamping means for clamping the resonant dc bus voltage to zero during a resonant period. The ARDCT circuit resonantly brings the dc bus voltage to zero in order to provide a zero-voltage switching opportunity for the inverter, then quickly rebounds the dc bus voltage back to the dc tank voltage after the inverter changes state. The auxiliary switching devices are turned on and off under zero-current conditions. The ARDCT circuit only absorbs ripples of the inverter dc bus current, thus having less current stress. In addition, since the ARDCT circuit is coupled in parallel with the dc power supply and the inverter for merely assisting soft-switching of the inverter without participating in real dc power transmission and power conversion, malfunction and failure of the tank circuit will not affect the functional operation of the inverter; thus a highly reliable converter system is expected.
Peng, Fang Z. (Knoxville, TN)
Converting Energy to Medical Progress
Converting Converting to April 2001 An introduction to the unique research funded by the Medical Sciences Division Biological and Environmental Research (BER) Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy Nuclear Medicine E v e r y w h e r e i n He a l t h c a r e A n d s o do e s B E R N u c l e a r M e d i c i n e H e lps P a t i e n t s the Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) of the United States Department of Energy (DOE) has been investing to advance environmental and biomedical knowledge connected to energy. The BER Medical Sciences program fosters research to develop beneficial applications of nuclear technologies for medical diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. Today, nuclear medicine helps millions of patients annually in the United States. Nearly every nuclear medicine scan or test used today was made possible by
Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)
Energy Report: U.S. Wind Energy Production and Manufacturing Surges,
Report: U.S. Wind Energy Production and Manufacturing Report: U.S. Wind Energy Production and Manufacturing Surges, Supporting Jobs and Diversifying U.S. Energy Economy Energy Report: U.S. Wind Energy Production and Manufacturing Surges, Supporting Jobs and Diversifying U.S. Energy Economy August 14, 2012 - 9:00am Addthis News Media Contact (202) 586-4940 WASHINGTON - The Energy Department released a new report today highlighting strong growth in the U.S. wind energy market in 2011, increasing the U.S. share of clean energy and supporting tens of thousands of jobs, and underscoring the importance of continued policy support and clean energy tax credits to ensure that the manufacturing and jobs associated with this booming global industry remain in America According to the 2011 Wind Technologies Market Report, the United States remained one
Analysis of switching surges generated by current interruption in an energy-storage coil
The paper presents an analysis of the transient voltages which are generated when the current in a large magnetic energy storage coil is interrupted by a dc vacuum circuit breaker. The effect of the various parameters in the circuit on the transient voltage is discussed. The self inductance of the dump resistor must be minimized to control the generated transient. Contrary to general belief, a capacitor across the coil is not an effective surge suppressor. In fact, the capacitor may excite oscillations of higher magnitude. However, a capacitor, in addition to a surge suppressor, may be used to modify the frequency components of the transient voltage so that these frequency components are not coincident with the natural frequencies of the coil. Otherwise, resonant oscillations inside the coil may attain damaging magnitudes. The capacitor would also reduce the steepness of the wavefront of the transient across the coil, thus reducing the nonlinear voltage distribution inside the coil.
Chowdhuri, P.
MHK Projects/SurgeWEC Ocean Testing 1 | Open Energy Information
SurgeWEC Ocean Testing 1 SurgeWEC Ocean Testing 1 < MHK Projects Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":5,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"500px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"File:Aquamarine-marker.png","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":35.9574,"lon":-75.6241,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"http:\/\/prod-http-80-800498448.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com\/w\/images\/7\/74\/Aquamarine-marker.png","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Outline of Guide for Application of Transmission Line Surge Arresters 42 to 765 kV
Lightning flashovers are the most frequent cause of transmission line outages. Transmission line surge arresters (TLSA) limit lightning overvoltages between phase conductors and towers, and thus eliminate most outages on protected structures. This guide provides a tutorial on the relevant lightning phenomena, with an in-depth look at the operation, application, and placement of TLSA to maximize flashover protection and minimize capital investment. The guide also describes ways to improve tower grounding ...
A Storm Surge Prediction Model for the Northern Bay of Bengal with Application to the Cyclone Disaster in April 1991
A numerical model for simulating and predicting tides and storm surges in regions that include areas of open sea combined with estuarine channels and intertidal banks is described. The model makes use of modified depth-averaged equations with a ...
Roger A. Flather
Statistical Prediction of the Storm Surge Associated with Cool-Weather Storms at the Battery, New York
The winter and early spring weather in the New York City metropolitan region is highly influenced by extratropical storm systems, and the storm surge associated with these systems is one of the main factors contributing to inundation of coastal ...
H. Salmun; A. Molod; K. Wisniewska; F. S. Buonaiuto
Analysis of the 13–14 July Gulf Surge Event during the 2004 North American Monsoon Experiment
Gulf surges are disturbances that move northward along the Gulf of California (GOC), frequently advecting cool, moist air from the GOC or eastern tropical Pacific Ocean into the deserts of the southwest United States and northwest Mexico during ...
Peter J. Rogers; Richard H. Johnson
Modification of the Boundary Layer over the South China Sea during a Winter MONEX Cold Surge Event
Aircraft dropwindsonde and conventional sounding data have been used to document the boundary layer structure over the South China Sea during the period of a 3-day moderate cold surge that occurred during the December 1918 Winter Monsoon ...
Richard H. Johnson; Jeffery R. Zimmerman
Thermionic converter emitter support arrangement
This document discusses a support provided for use in a thermionic converter to support an end of an emitter to keep it out of contact with a surrounding collector while allowing the emitter end to move axially as its temperature changes. The emitter end is supported by a spring structure that includes a pair of Belleville springs, and the spring structure is supported by a support structure fixed to the housing that includes the collector. The support structure is in the form of a sandwich with a small metal spring-engaging element at the front end, a larger metal main support at the rear end that is attached to the housing, and with a ceramic layer between them that is bonded by hot isostatic pressing to the metal element and metal main support. The spring structure can include a loose wafer captured between the Belleville springs. 7 figs.
Allen, D.T.
Wave Dragon
Overtopping Wave Devices Wave Dragon ApSLtd HWETTEI - Workshop October 26-28, 2005, Washington, DC Hydrokinetic Technologies Technical and Environmental Issues Workshop the Wave...
Voltage Source Converter Technology for Offshore Grids.
??This master thesis has investigated the possible application of voltage source converters (VSC) for the interconnection of offshore installations, i.e. wind farms and petroleum platforms,… (more)
Vormedal, Pĺl Kristian Myhrer
Converting Unconditioned Basement to Conditioned Space - Code...
Conditioned Space - Code Notes Converting a basement to conditioned space increases the living space of a house. As with most construction activities, the conversion or...
High Power Converters for Efficient Transmission Solutions
... Single Valve Double Valve Quadruple Valve ... Includes 14 x 250 MVA 1-phase converter ... Serves 80 x 5 MW offshore wind turbine generators ...
Energy Converting Article and Method of Making
A graded composite having a first energy-converting surface layer of carbon bonded carbon fiber (CBCF) for absorbing light, RF, microwaves, ...
System analysis of a negative impedance converter receiver for ultra low frequencies
Monitoring electromagnetic waves in the Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) range between 1 mHz and 1 Hz is essential for an understanding of the processes in the earths magnetosphere. Also earthquake prone areas are under suspect to emit precursor ULF signals. ... Keywords: magnetosphere, negative impedance convert, system analysis, ultra low frequency
Ernst D. Schmitter
Comparisons on offshore structure responses to random waves using linear and high-order wave theories
The predicted responses of an offshore structure when the wave induced kinematics are computed from different estimation methods can change significantly. The sometimes controversial results have recently motivated the development of a new methodology for wave kinematics prediction. While the methods commonly used by the offshore industry are empirical and semi-empirical modifications of Linear (random) Wave Theory, the new approach (Hybrid Wave Model) satisfies the principles of hydrodynamics and explicitly considers the non-linear effect of the wave-wave interactions on wave elevation, kinematics and evolution. This methodology has been proven to be more accurate and reliable for the estimations of wave kinematics, but its impact on the prediction of the structural response is yet to be investigated. In this study, the performance of the new methodology arid other methods currently used for kinematics prediction was tested. The (surge) response of two offshore structures designed specially for deep-oil production was estimated using three methods (Hybrid Wave Model, Wheeler "Stretching" and Linear Extrapolation) and compared with the corresponding laboratory measurements. The wave forces were computed from the conventional Morison Equation evaluating the ambient wave kinematics from the wave elevation measurements. A numerical scheme based on a Finite Element time integration technique (Newmark-beta method) was used for the response evaluation after it had been validated and calibrated by an analytical (linear) solution and measured responses for regular waves. The comparisons between measured and predicted responses using kinematics calculated from the Hybrid Wave Model showed excellent agreement, specially for the low frequency components, while those using methods based on linear modifications rendered poor underestimations. The low frequency (peak) responses of these deep-water offshore structures were found to be greatly dominated by very low frequency wave excitations, which are mainly due to the wave-wave interactions.
Ramos Heredia, Rafael Juda
Vacuum-insulated catalytic converter
A catalytic converter has an inner canister that contains catalyst-coated substrates and an outer canister that encloses an annular, variable vacuum insulation chamber surrounding the inner canister. An annular tank containing phase-change material for heat storage and release is positioned in the variable vacuum insulation chamber a distance spaced part from the inner canister. A reversible hydrogen getter in the variable vacuum insulation chamber, preferably on a surface of the heat storage tank, releases hydrogen into the variable vacuum insulation chamber to conduct heat when the phase-change material is hot and absorbs the hydrogen to limit heat transfer to radiation when the phase-change material is cool. A porous zeolite trap in the inner canister absorbs and retains hydrocarbons from the exhaust gases when the catalyst-coated substrates and zeolite trap are cold and releases the hydrocarbons for reaction on the catalyst-coated substrate when the zeolite trap and catalyst-coated substrate get hot.
Benson, David K. (Golden, CO)
Device to convert the energy of a fluid in motion
A device is disclosed to convert wave energy into mechanical energy, comprises a buoyant structure whose upper portion is in the region of wave action but whose lower section is below the region of wave action, so that the water adjacent the upper and lower sections of the structure has vertical movement relative to itself. This relative movement is used to rotate a vertical shaft having radially extending horizontal axles on which panels are pivotally mounted. Ballast and/or floats are used to impose on the panels a bias tending to maintain them horizontal. The relative movement of the water is used to impel fluid vertically relative to the panels in alternatingly opposite directions; and the bias imposed by the ballast and/or floats thus causes a planing wing action of the panels which impels the shaft in rotation in one direction regardless of the direction of the movement of the impelling fluid. The floating structure can rise and fall with the waves, in which case the blade are disposed at the lower end of the device, in the still water; or the device can be stationary in the water, in which case the blades are subject to a fluid such as the water itself or air impelled by the water, at the upper end of the device.
de la Roche Kerandraon, O.; Guillaume, P.; Paroldi, D.
... There are several ways to install them on your power supply: plug and play, do-it-yourself, hire a licensed electrician to do it, or even call on your ...
Excitation of a slow wave structure
The Green's function on a slow wave structure is constructed. The Green's function includes all radial modes, and for each radial mode, all space harmonics. We compare the analytic solution of the frequency response on the slow wave structure with that obtained from a particle-in-cell code. Favorable comparison is obtained when the first few lower order modes are resonantly excited. This gives some confidence in the prediction of converting a pulse train into radiation using a slow wave structure.
Zhang Peng; Lau, Y. Y. [Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2104 (United States); Hoff, Brad; French, D. M. [Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87117 (United States); Luginsland, J. W. [Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Arlington, Virginia 22203 (United States)
Transient performance of substation grounding systems subjected to lightning and similar surge currents
The frequency and time domain performance of a typical substation grounding system subjected to a lightning strike is described and discussed. The computed scalar potentials, electric fields and magnetic fields are presented graphically as a function of spatial coordinate, as a function of time and as a function of both. It is believed that these detailed results have not been published before. First, a double exponential lightning surge current is injected into the center of a square ground grid. This same surge current is then injected at one corner of the grid. The response of the grounding system to the frequency domain electromagnetic spectrum of this signal is computed by a frequency domain electromagnetic field analysis software package. Once all the frequency responses have been computed, the temporal and spatial distributions of the electromagnetic fields inside and near the substation are obtained by an inverse Fourier transformation of all these responses. The results are compared with some well known low frequency results and to recent published work in this area. These results indicate that the performance of the grounding system is significantly dependent on frequency and on the point of impact of the lightning strike.
Xiong, W.; Dawalibi, F.P. (Safe Engineering Services Technologies Ltd., Montreal, Quebec (Canada))
Control Loop Tuning and Surge Response for Hanford WTP Melter Offgas Systems
This report describes control loop tuning in models of the high level waste (HLW) melter offgas system, the low activity waste (LAW) melter offgas system and the HLW Pulse Jet Ventilation system and an assessment of the response to steam surges in both melter offgas systems. The three offgas systems were modeled using the Aspen Custom Modeler (ACM) software. The ACM models have been recently updated. Flowsheets of the system models used in this study are provided in Appendix D. To facilitate testing, these flowsheets represent somewhat simplified versions of the full models. For example, the HLW and LAW vessel ventilation systems have been represented as fixed air sources that provide a constant gas flow and specified air surges. Similarly, the six tanks and individual pulse-jet air sources in the HLW Pulse Jet Ventilation system are represented as a constant air source for control loop tuning purposes. The second LAW melter system has also been represented as a constant flow air source and several other simplifications such as removing HLW and LAW control interlocks, submerged bed scrubber bypass lines, and pressure relief valves have been made.
GTRI's Convert program | National Nuclear Security Administration
National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
program | National Nuclear Security Administration program | National Nuclear Security Administration Our Mission Managing the Stockpile Preventing Proliferation Powering the Nuclear Navy Emergency Response Recapitalizing Our Infrastructure Continuing Management Reform Countering Nuclear Terrorism About Us Our Programs Our History Who We Are Our Leadership Our Locations Budget Our Operations Media Room Congressional Testimony Fact Sheets Newsletters Press Releases Speeches Events Social Media Video Gallery Photo Gallery NNSA Archive Federal Employment Apply for Our Jobs Our Jobs Working at NNSA Blog GTRI's Convert program Home > About Us > Our Programs > Nonproliferation > Global Threat Reduction Initiative > GTRI's Convert program GTRI's Convert program One of Global Threat Reduction Initiative's (GTRI) three key pillars is
International Peirce-Smith Converting Centennial
... and G. Guzman D. Full Utilization of the Matte Converting Process Energy for Operatiing ... Injection Techniques, Modeling and Process Control. Peirce-Smith ... M. Marinigh. Increasing Capacity and Productivity in the Metals Markets through.
Integrated optical analog-to-digital converter
An optically-sampled frequency-demultiplexed wideband analog-to-digital converter (ADC) which has potential to exceed the performance of electronic ADCs by orders of magnitude is studied analytically and numerically. The ...
Khilo, Anatol
Waveguide mode converter and method using same
A waveguide mode converter converts electromagnetic power being transmitted in a TE.sub.0n or a TM.sub.0n mode, where n is an integer, to an HE.sub.11 mode. The conversion process occurs in a single stage without requiring the power to pass through any intermediate modes. The converter comprises a length of circular corrugated waveguide formed in a multiperiod periodic curve. The period of the curve is selected to couple the desired modes and decouple undesired modes. The corrugation depth is selected to control the phase propagation constant, or wavenumbers, of the input and output modes, thereby preventing coherent coupling to competing modes. In one embodiment, both the period and amplitude of the curve may be selectively adjusted, thereby allowing the converter to be tuned to maximize the conversion efficiency.
Moeller, Charles P. (Del Mar, CA)
Radio frequency digital to analog converter
Dynamic performance of high speed, high resolution digital-to-analog converters (DACs) is limited by distortion at the data switching instants. Inter-symbol interference (ISI), imperfect timing synchronization and clock ...
Luschas, Susan, 1975-
Energy Performance Evaluation of Photovoltaic Power Converters
This work investigates test methods to compare the energy performance of different competing photovoltaic (PV) power converter technologies and topologies. New power converter approaches and technology are regularly introduced in the market, with promises to harness more energy than their competitors. To independently evaluate the performance of these technologies, the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) is analyzing existing standards, as well as experimenting with various performance ...
Electrical apparatus is described, particularly useful in telemetry work, for converting analog signals into electrical pulses and recording them. An electronic editor commands the taking of signal readings at a frequency which varies according to linearity of the analog signal being converted. Readings of information signals are recorded, along with time base readings and serial numbering, if desired, on magnetic tape and the latter may be used to operate a computer or the like. Magnetic tape data may be transferred to punched cards.
Rodgers, G.W.; Althouse, J.E.; Anderson, D.P.; Bussey, G.R.; Minnear, L.H.
WindWaveFloat Final Report
Principle Power Inc. and National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL) have completed a contract to assess the technical and economic feasibility of integrating wave energy converters into the WindFloat, resulting in a new concept called the WindWaveFloat (WWF). The concentration of several devices on one platform could offer a potential for both economic and operational advantages. Wind and wave energy converters can share the electrical cable and power transfer equipment to transport the electricity to shore. Access to multiple generation devices could be simplified, resulting in cost saving at the operational level. Overall capital costs may also be reduced, provided that the design of the foundation can be adapted to multiple devices with minimum modifications. Finally, the WindWaveFloat confers the ability to increase energy production from individual floating support structures, potentially leading to a reduction in levelized energy costs, an increase in the overall capacity factor, and greater stability of the electrical power delivered to the grid. The research conducted under this grant investigated the integration of several wave energy device types into the WindFloat platform. Several of the resulting system designs demonstrated technical feasibility, but the size and design constraints of the wave energy converters (technical and economic) make the WindWaveFloat concept economically unfeasible at this time. Not enough additional generation could be produced to make the additional expense associated with wave energy conversion integration into the WindFloat worthwhile.
Alla Weinstein, Dominique Roddier, Kevin Banister
Vulnerability of a subarctic barrier spit to global warming induced changes in storm surge and wave runup: Shaktoolik, Alaska
and Overland, J. , 2007. The Aleutian Low, storm tracks, andalso the center of the Aleutian Low. Most of these stormseastward through the Aleutians or over land also produced
Ohman, Karin Anne
Sound; therefore the offshore wind speed that builds upzero for a directly offshore wind, which in Shaktoolik has aresults when using an offshore grid cell for wind speed and
Application of wave generator theory to the development of a Wave Energy Converter
of the starting torque. To alleviate the self-starting problem, Gorlov [11] proposed a design of the three Reviews, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 1087-1109 (2008). [11] Gorlov, A. M., Unidirectional Helical Reaction Turbine
Wood, Stephen L.
State Energy Program Helping Arkansans Convert to Compressed...
State Energy Program Helping Arkansans Convert to Compressed Natural Gas State Energy Program Helping Arkansans Convert to Compressed Natural Gas January 25, 2012 - 4:30pm Addthis...
Alternative Fuels Data Center: Michigan Converts Vehicles to Propane,
Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicles Data Center (EERE)
Michigan Converts Michigan Converts Vehicles to Propane, Reducing Emissions to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Michigan Converts Vehicles to Propane, Reducing Emissions on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Michigan Converts Vehicles to Propane, Reducing Emissions on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Michigan Converts Vehicles to Propane, Reducing Emissions on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Michigan Converts Vehicles to Propane, Reducing Emissions on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: Michigan Converts Vehicles to Propane, Reducing Emissions on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Michigan Converts Vehicles to Propane, Reducing Emissions on AddThis.com... April 27, 2013
HALF EMPTY As Men Surge Back into Computing, Women are Left Behind
Jobs in computing Jobs in computing 1 have been a ray of light in a gloomy economy. Unemployment in the field stands at only 3.4 percent, 2 and the number of computing jobs is expected to grow more than 20 percent by 2020. 3 Many young people seem to have taken notice. After declining steeply in the mid-to-late 2000's, the number of computing degrees and certificates awarded in the U.S. has risen swiftly and almost regained the peak it attained in 2003. Is this trend a sign that the nation is tackling its shortage of talent in computer science, as some commentators have claimed? 4 Not so fast. Change the Equation's analysis of recent data on degrees and certificates in computing reveals a far more troubling picture: 5 men have surged back into computing in the past five
The world record for a storm surge is 13 m occurring during landfall of Tropical Cyclone Mahina in northeast Australia, March 1899. The central pressure of this cyclone has been reported as 914 hPa as measured by ships barometer during passage of the eye. ...
capacity factor, and greater stability of the electrical power delivered to the grid. The research conducted under this grant investigated the integration of several wave energy device types into the WindFloat platform. Several of the resulting system designs demonstrated technical feasibility, but the size and design constraints of the wave energy converters (technical and economic) make the WindWaveFloat concept economically unfeasible at this time. Not enough additional generation could be produced to make the additional expense associated with wave energy conversion integration into the WindFloat worthwhile.
Isolated and soft-switched power converter
An isolated and soft-switched power converter is used for DC/DC and DC/DC/AC power conversion. The power converter includes two resonant tank circuits coupled back-to-back through an isolation transformer. Each resonant tank circuit includes a pair of resonant capacitors connected in series as a resonant leg, a pair of tank capacitors connected in series as a tank leg, and a pair of switching devices with anti-parallel clamping diodes coupled in series as resonant switches and clamping devices for the resonant leg. The power converter is well suited for DC/DC and DC/DC/AC power conversion applications in which high-voltage isolation, DC to DC voltage boost, bidirectional power flow, and a minimal number of conventional switching components are important design objectives. For example, the power converter is especially well suited to electric vehicle applications and load-side electric generation and storage systems, and other applications in which these objectives are important. The power converter may be used for many different applications, including electric vehicles, hybrid combustion/electric vehicles, fuel-cell powered vehicles with low-voltage starting, remote power sources utilizing low-voltage DC power sources, such as photovoltaics and others, electric power backup systems, and load-side electric storage and generation systems.
Peng, Fang Zheng (Knoxville, TN); Adams, Donald Joe (Knoxville, TN)
Comparison of the Synoptic Conditions in Midlatitudes Accompanying Cold Surges over Eastern Asia for the Months of December 1974 and 1978. Part I: Monthly Mean Fields and Individual Events
East Asian cold surges during two periods of contrasting intensity, December 1974 (strong) and December 1978 (weak), are studied. It is shown that the midlatitude mechanisms initiating cold surges during both months are quite similar in nature. ...
James S. Boyle
Thermionic converters using cylindrical refractory metal emitters
The construction and operation of four converters is described. Two converters using tantalum emitters operated satisfactorily but temperatures of the order of 2500 deg K were necessary to obtain power densities of 6 watts/cm2. Closer spaced diodes using molybdenum emitters were not initially successful due to internal short circuiting; this was caused partly by evaporated films but mainly by liquid caesium. One of these diodes was modified and yielded 2.6 watts/cm2 at 1610 deg K. (auth)
Bainton, K.F.
Converting acoustic energy into useful other energy forms
Sonoluminescence is an off-equilibrium phenomenon in which the energy of a resonant sound wave in a liquid is highly concentrated so as to generate flashes of light. The conversion of sound to light represents an energy amplification of eleven orders of magnitude. The flashes which occur once per cycle of the audible or ultrasonic sound fields can be comprised of over one million photons and last for less 100 picoseconds. The emission displays a clocklike synchronicity; the jitter in time between consecutive flashes is less than fifty picoseconds. The emission is blue to the eye and has a broadband spectrum increasing from 700 nanometers to 200 nanometers. The peak power is about 100 milliWatts. The initial stage of the energy focusing is effected by the nonlinear oscillations of a gas bubble trapped in the liquid. For sufficiently high drive pressures an imploding shock wave is launched into the gas by the collapsing bubble. The reflection of the shock from its focal point results in high temperatures and pressures. The sonoluminescence light emission can be sustained by sensing a characteristic of the emission and feeding back changes into the driving mechanism. The liquid is in a sealed container and the seeding of the gas bubble is effected by locally heating the liquid after sealing the container. Different energy forms than light can be obtained from the converted acoustic energy. When the gas contains deuterium and tritium there is the feasibility of the other energy form being fusion, namely including the generation of neutrons.
Putterman, Seth J. (Sherman Oaks, CA); Barber, Bradley Paul (Northridge, CA); Hiller, Robert Anthony (Los Angeles, CA); Lofstedt, Ritva Maire Johanna (Los Angeles, CA)
Provably secure convertible undeniable signatures with unambiguity
This paper shows some efficient and provably-secure convertible undeniable signature schemes (with both selective conversion and all conversion), in the standard model and discrete logarithm setting. They further satisfy unambiguity, which is traditionally ... Keywords: anonymous signatures, discrete logarithm, selective/all conversion, standard model, undeniable signatures
Le Trieu Phong; Kaoru Kurosawa; Wakaha Ogata
Multilevel converters for large electric drives
Traditional two-level high frequency pulse width modulation (PWM) inverters for motor drives have several problems associated with their high frequency switching which produces common-mode voltage and high voltage change (dV/dt) rates to the motor windings. Multilevel inverters solve these problems because their devices can switch at a much lower frequency. Two different multilevel topologies are identified for use as a converter for electric drives, a cascade inverter with separate dc sources and a back-to-back diode clamped converter. The cascade inverter is a natural fit for large automotive all electric drives because of the high VA ratings possible and because it uses several levels of dc voltage sources which would be available from batteries or fuel cells. The back to back diode damped converter is ideal where a source of ac voltage is available such as a hybrid electric vehicle. Simulation and experimental results show the superiority of these two converters over PWM based drives.
Tolbert, L.M.; Peng, F.Z.
Turbine speed control for an ocean wave energy conversion system
In this work, a hydraulic turbine speed governor is proposed in view of its application in an isolated electric generation system based on an ocean wave energy converter (WEC). The proposed strategy is based on cascade closed-loop control combined with ... Keywords: Pelton turbine, cascade control, feedforward control, ocean wave energy, speed governor
Paula B. Garcia-Rosa; José Paulo V. S. Cunha; Fernando Lizarralde
Wave Energy
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE))
Wave energy technologies extract energy directly from surface waves or from pressure fluctuations below the surface. Renewable energy analysts believe there is enough energy in ocean waves to provide up to 2 terawatts of electricity. (A terawatt is equal to a trillion watts.)
A square root analog to digital converter to optimally convert photonic signals for computed tomography
The arrival of photons at a given location is a Poisson process with an associated shot noise which rises with the square root of the number of photons received. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with a square root ...
Bieniosek, Matthew (Matthew F.)
Interpretation of underbalanced surge pressure data by rate-time convolution
Well test analysis of pressure response data from either underbalanced perforating or backsurge perforation washing is accomplished by rate-time convolution. The presented method allows closed chamber test analysis of reservoir transmissivity and wellbore skin by a straight line graph analogous to a Horner plot. As a well test analysis method, the closed chamber test has the benefit of avoiding surface pressure buildup, which often prohibits conventional drill stem testing. Pressure measurement is required at the top of the surge air chamber and at the sand face. A linear plot is generated by convolution with respect to time of flowrate, which is derived from the air chamber pressure, and plotting the bottom hole pressure versus the rate-time superposition function. Transmissivity is obtained from the slope of the pressure data during the period when afterflow is minimal and pressure is not sensitive to skin. An estimate of initial reservoir pressure results from extrapolation of the pressure trend. Subsequent forced fitting of the flow period data to the expected linear plot of bottom-hole pressure versus the rate-time superposition function yields wellbore skin. Unique to the convolution method, wellbore skin may be calculated for each flowing pressure measurement. Therefore in addition to final skin determination, the effectiveness of the perforation cleaning mechanism may be observed by noting the trend of skin as a function of time during the flow period.
Simmons, J.F.
Alternative Fuels Data Center: Landfills Convert Biogas Into Renewable
Landfills Convert Landfills Convert Biogas Into Renewable Natural Gas to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Landfills Convert Biogas Into Renewable Natural Gas on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Landfills Convert Biogas Into Renewable Natural Gas on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Landfills Convert Biogas Into Renewable Natural Gas on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Landfills Convert Biogas Into Renewable Natural Gas on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: Landfills Convert Biogas Into Renewable Natural Gas on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Landfills Convert Biogas Into Renewable Natural Gas on AddThis.com... May 25, 2013 Landfills Convert Biogas Into Renewable Natural Gas
Proposed observations of gravity waves from the early Universe via "Millikan oil drops"
Pairs of Planck-mass drops of superfluid helium coated by electrons (i.e., ``Millikan oil drops''), when levitated in a superconducting magnetic trap, can be efficient quantum transducers between electromagnetic (EM) and gravitational (GR) radiation. This leads to the possibility of a Hertz-like experiment, in which EM waves are converted at the source into GR waves, and then back-converted at the receiver from GR waves back into EM waves. Detection of the gravity-wave analog of the cosmic microwave background using these drops can discriminate between various theories of the early Universe.
Chiao, R Y
R. Y. Chiao
New directions for gravity-wave physics via "Millikan oil drops"
Pairs of Planck-mass--scale drops of superfluid helium coated by electrons (i.e., "Millikan oil drops"), when levitated in the presence of strong magnetic fields and at low temperatures, can be efficient quantum transducers between electromagnetic (EM) and gravitational (GR) radiation. A Hertz-like experiment, in which EM waves are converted at the source into GR waves, and then back-converted at the receiver from GR waves back into EM waves, should be practical to perform. This would open up observations of the gravity-wave analog of the CMB from the extremely early Big Bang, and also communications directly through the interior of the Earth.
Raymond Y. Chiao
MHK Technologies/Float Wave Electric Power Station | Open Energy
Wave Electric Power Station Wave Electric Power Station < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Float Wave Electric Power Station.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Applied Technologies Company Ltd Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Point Absorber - Floating Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 5 6 System Integration and Technology Laboratory Demonstration Technology Description The module of FWEPS is an oblong axisymmetrical capsule float which is located on the sea surface Inside the capsule there is a mechanical wave energy converter consisting of an oscillatory system and drive and an electric generator and energy accumulator Under the wave effect the capsule float and inner oscillatory system of the mechanical converter are in continuous oscillatory motion while the drive engaged with the system provides a continuous turn for the electric generator
Component technology for Stirling power converters
NASA Lewis Research Center has organized a component technology program as part of the efforts to develop Stirling converter technology for space power applications. The Stirling space power program is part of the NASA High Capacity Power Project of the Civil Space Technology Initiative (CSTI). NASA Lewis is also providing technical management for a DOE/Sandia program to develop Stirling converters for solar terrestrial power producing electricity for the utility grid. The primary contractors for the space power and solar terrestrial programs develop component technologies directly related to their program goals. This Lewis component technology effort, while coordinated with the main programs, aims at longer term issues, advanced technologies, and independent assessments. This paper will present an overview of work on linear alternators, engine/alternator/load interactions and controls, heat exchangers, materials, life and reliability, and bearings.
Thieme, L.G.
Spectral converters and luminescent solar concentrators
In this paper we present a comprehensive theoretical description of molecular spectral converters in the specific context of Luminescent Solar Concentrators (LSCs). The theoretical model is an extension to a three-level system interacting with a solar radiation bath of the standard quantum theory of atomic radiative processes. We derive the equilibrium equations of the conversion process and provide specific examples of application of this principle to the development of solar concentration devices.
Petra F. Scudo; Luigi Abbondanza; Roberto Fusco
Scudo, Petra F; Fusco, Roberto
This patent shows an apparatus for converting heat to electricity. It includes a galvanic cell having an anodic metal anode, a fused salt electrolyte, and a hydrogen cathode having a diffusible metal barrier of silver-- palladium alloy covered with sputtered iron on the side next to the fused electrolyte. Also shown is a regenerator for regenerating metal hydride produced by the galvanic cell into hydrogen gas and anodic metal, both of which are recycled. (AEC)
Crouthamel, C.E.; Foster, M.S.
Ship Waves and Lee Waves
Three-dimensional internal trapped lee wave modes produced by an isolated obstacle in a stratified fluid are shown to have dynamics analogous to surface ship waves on water of finite depth. Two models which allow for vertical trapping of wave ...
R. D. Sharman; M. G. Wurtele
Experimental Study on Wave Transformation and Nearshore Circulation on a Variable Bathymetry in Wetlands
Hurricanes are one of the primary threats to the Texas coastal environment and economy. They generate large wave and storm surges that have caused much damage on the Texas coast in the past. Understanding both the hydrodynamic processes that damage coastal habitats and hurricane hazard and risk are critical to preserve coastal vegetation and quantify its benefits to coastal storm protection. The goal of this project is to quantify the impact of wave attenuation and wave refraction as well as the development of coherent structures in marsh fringes and the formation of a rip current system over wetlands on storm protection. The 3D Shallow Water Wave Basin at Texas A&M University hosted a series of large-scale experiments considering an idealized wetland model to pursue this goal. Study of the marsh geometry of the Texas coast was done in order to scale the experiments to the size of the Haynes Laboratory 3D-Water Wave Basin using a Froude and a Reynolds scalings. Particularly, averaged size and idealized shape of marsh segments in the area of Dalehite Cove in Galveston Bay were considered. Three sets of different wave conditions and water levels were tested to approximate different intensities of storm surge. Identical tests with both vegetated and non-vegetated marshes were run to compare the influence of the vegetation in storm conditions, and three different spacings between marsh segments were tested. In the basin, normally incident regular waves were generated at three water circulation structures. Data analysis allows the determination of the impact of discontinuous marsh segments on wave attenuation and wave refraction. Coherent structures such as rip current and the circulation pattern were analyzed to study the change in the flow field during passage of the waves. The experimental measurements were able to describe the wave transformations over the marsh segments. The influence of coastal wetlands was identified to affect the hydrodynamic process and reduce the total wave energy which is dissipated and redistributed by vegetation. The presence of the mounds induced an important decrease in the wave height, in addition to the damping of the waves by the vegetation stems. The variation in spatial coverage of the wetland model has been shown to highly affect the flow dynamics by generating offshore directed flow in the channel and onshore directed flow on the marsh mounds. This experimental approach provides a further understanding of flow dynamics by waves and surge in wetlands, at a large scale.
Truong, Melanie Khanh Phuong
How Does the Vertical Profile of Baroclinicity Affect the Wave Instability?
The growth rate of baroclinic instability waves is generalized in terms of wave–mean flow interactions, with an emphasis on the influence of the vertical profile of baroclinicity. The wave energy is converted from the zonal mean kinetic energy and ...
Toshiki Iwasaki; Chihiro Kodama
Sensitive interferometric video thermal wave imager
A new method of parallel thermal wave imaging is demonstrated in which the thermal wave image of a heated sample is converted into an optical phase image which is sensitively probed by a Twyman–Green interferometer. The sample is mounted onto an assembly of optical layers which acts as a temperature sensitive mirror.Heat conduction from the sample to this mirror results in a two?dimensional distribution of optical phase which is probed broadfield by the interferometer. The resulting transmission thermal wave image has characteristics analogous to those of photopyroelectric images. The interferogram produced in the interferometer may be recorded by videography
J. F. Power
Alternative Fuels Data Center: Atlanta Airport Converts Shuttles to CNG
Atlanta Airport Atlanta Airport Converts Shuttles to CNG to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Atlanta Airport Converts Shuttles to CNG on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Atlanta Airport Converts Shuttles to CNG on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Atlanta Airport Converts Shuttles to CNG on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Atlanta Airport Converts Shuttles to CNG on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: Atlanta Airport Converts Shuttles to CNG on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Atlanta Airport Converts Shuttles to CNG on AddThis.com... Sept. 9, 2012 Atlanta Airport Converts Shuttles to CNG L earn how an Atlanta company saves money and conserves fuel with compressed natural gas airport shuttles.
Alternative Fuels Data Center: Veolia Transportation Converts Taxi Fleet to
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Alternative Fuels Data Center: Virginia Converts Vehicles to Propane in
Virginia Converts Virginia Converts Vehicles to Propane in Spotsylvania County to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Virginia Converts Vehicles to Propane in Spotsylvania County on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Virginia Converts Vehicles to Propane in Spotsylvania County on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Virginia Converts Vehicles to Propane in Spotsylvania County on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Virginia Converts Vehicles to Propane in Spotsylvania County on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: Virginia Converts Vehicles to Propane in Spotsylvania County on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Virginia Converts Vehicles to Propane in Spotsylvania County on AddThis.com...
Alternative Fuels Data Center: Empire Coachworks Converts Limousines to
Empire Coachworks Empire Coachworks Converts Limousines to Natural Gas to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Empire Coachworks Converts Limousines to Natural Gas on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Empire Coachworks Converts Limousines to Natural Gas on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Empire Coachworks Converts Limousines to Natural Gas on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Empire Coachworks Converts Limousines to Natural Gas on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: Empire Coachworks Converts Limousines to Natural Gas on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Empire Coachworks Converts Limousines to Natural Gas on AddThis.com... Jan. 14, 2010 Empire Coachworks Converts Limousines to Natural Gas
2008 High-Megawatt Power Converter Technology R&D ...
... 2008 High-Megawatt Power Converter Technology R&D Roadmap Workshop. NIST, Gaithersburg, MD. April 8, 2008. On ...
Solid state transport-based thermoelectric converter - Energy ...
A solid state thermoelectric converter includes a thermally insulating separator layer, ... Advanced Materials; Biomass and Biofuels; Building Energy Efficiency;
Voltage balanced multilevel voltage source converter system
A voltage balanced multilevel converter for high power AC applications such as adjustable speed motor drives and back-to-back DC intertie of adjacent power systems. This converter provides a multilevel rectifier, a multilevel inverter, and a DC link between the rectifier and the inverter allowing voltage balancing between each of the voltage levels within the multilevel converter. The rectifier is equipped with at least one phase leg and a source input node for each of the phases. The rectifier is further equipped with a plurality of rectifier DC output nodes. The inverter is equipped with at least one phase leg and a load output node for each of the phases. The inverter is further equipped with a plurality of inverter DC input nodes. The DC link is equipped with a plurality of rectifier charging means and a plurality of inverter discharging means. The plurality of rectifier charging means are connected in series with one of the rectifier charging means disposed between and connected in an operable relationship with each adjacent pair of rectifier DC output nodes. The plurality of inverter discharging means are connected in series with one of the inverter discharging means disposed between and connected in an operable relationship with each adjacent pair of inverter DC input nodes. Each of said rectifier DC output nodes are individually electrically connected to the respective inverter DC input nodes. By this means, each of the rectifier DC output nodes and each of the inverter DC input nodes are voltage balanced by the respective charging and discharging of the rectifier charging means and the inverter discharging means.
Peng, Fang Zheng (Oak Ridge, TN); Lai, Jih-Sheng (Knoxville, TN)
Disclosed is a voltage balanced multilevel converter for high power AC applications such as adjustable speed motor drives and back-to-back DC intertie of adjacent power systems. This converter provides a multilevel rectifier, a multilevel inverter, and a DC link between the rectifier and the inverter allowing voltage balancing between each of the voltage levels within the multilevel converter. The rectifier is equipped with at least one phase leg and a source input node for each of the phases. The rectifier is further equipped with a plurality of rectifier DC output nodes. The inverter is equipped with at least one phase leg and a load output node for each of the phases. The inverter is further equipped with a plurality of inverter DC input nodes. The DC link is equipped with a plurality of rectifier charging means and a plurality of inverter discharging means. The plurality of rectifier charging means are connected in series with one of the rectifier charging means disposed between and connected in an operable relationship with each adjacent pair of rectifier DC output nodes. The plurality of inverter discharging means are connected in series with one of the inverter discharging means disposed between and connected in an operable relationship with each adjacent pair of inverter DC input nodes. Each of said rectifier DC output nodes are individually electrically connected to the respective inverter DC input nodes. By this means, each of the rectifier DC output nodes and each of the inverter DC input nodes are voltage balanced by the respective charging and discharging of the rectifier charging means and the inverter discharging means. 15 figs.
Peng, F.Z.; Lai, J.S.
Solar-energy-process-converter system
A solar-energy-process-converter system whereby the energy from the sun is accumulated and projected by a parabolic reflector so as to impinge upon a cluster of thermocouples to create electrical energy for activating an electrolysis unit through which hydrogen and oxygen are generated and stored. The system can also include a steam-turbine electrical-generator plant that is adapted to be operated by the burning of the hydrogen and oxygen, and the gases can further be used to establish heat to drive a thermocouple electrical-generator plant, wherein the stored hydrogen is further employed as a fuel for vehicle and other engines.
Shinn, W.A.
Single Inductor Dual Output Buck Converter
The portable electronics market is rapidly migrating towards more compact devices with multiple functionalities. Form factor, performance, cost and efficiency of these devices constitute the factors of merit of devices like cell phones, MP3 players and PDA's. With advancement in technology and more intelligent processors being used, there is a need for multiple high integrity voltage supplies for empowering the systems in portable electronic devices. Switched mode power supplies (SMPS's) are used to regulate the battery voltage. In an SMPS, maximum area is taken by the passive components such as the inductor and the capacitor. This work demonstrates a single inductor used in a buck converter with two output voltages from an input battery with voltage of value 3V. The main focus areas are low cross regulation between the outputs and supply of completely independent load current levels while maintaining desired values (1.2V,1.5V) within well controlled ripple levels. Dynamic hysteresis control is used for the single inductor dual output buck converter in this work. Results of schematic and post layout simulations performed in CADENCE prove the merits of this control method, such as nil cross regulation and excellent transient response.
Eachempatti, Haritha
MHK Technologies/Wave Rider | Open Energy Information
Rider Rider < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Wave Rider.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Seavolt Technologies Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Point Absorber - Floating Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 4 Proof of Concept Technology Description The company s Wave Rider system uses buoys and hydraulic pumps to convert the movement of ocean waves into electricity Electricity is generated via small turbines powered by hydraulic circuits which captures the energy of the wave and converts it into high pressure hydraulic fluid flow spinning the turbines to generate electricity Technology Dimensions Device Testing Date Submitted 19:42.1 << Return to the MHK database homepage
MHK Technologies/Wave Dragon | Open Energy Information
Dragon Dragon < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Wave Dragon.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Wave Dragon ApS Project(s) where this technology is utilized *MHK Projects/Wave Dragon Nissum Bredning Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Overtopping Device Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 7/8: Open Water System Testing & Demonstration & Operation Technology Description The Wave Dragon is a floating wave energy converter of the overtopping type. It basically consists of two wave reflectors focusing the waves towards a ramp. Behind the ramp there is a large reservoir where the water that runs up the ramp is collected and temporarily stored. The water leaves the reservoir through hydro turbines that utilize the head between the level of the reservoir and the sea level.
Alternative Fuels Data Center: Golden Eagle Distributors Inc. to Convert
Golden Eagle Golden Eagle Distributors Inc. to Convert Entire Fleet to CNG to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Golden Eagle Distributors Inc. to Convert Entire Fleet to CNG on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Golden Eagle Distributors Inc. to Convert Entire Fleet to CNG on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Golden Eagle Distributors Inc. to Convert Entire Fleet to CNG on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Golden Eagle Distributors Inc. to Convert Entire Fleet to CNG on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: Golden Eagle Distributors Inc. to Convert Entire Fleet to CNG on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Golden Eagle Distributors Inc. to Convert Entire Fleet to CNG on AddThis.com...
MHK Technologies/Archimedes Wave Swing | Open Energy Information
Archimedes Wave Swing Archimedes Wave Swing < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Archimedes Wave Swing.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization AWS Ocean Energy formerly Oceanergia Project(s) where this technology is utilized *MHK Projects/AWS II *MHK Projects/Portugal Pre Commercial Pilot Project Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Point Absorber Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 1-3: Discovery / Concept Definition / Early Stage Development & Design & Engineering Technology Description The AWS wave energy converter is a cylindrical chamber moored to the seabed. Passing waves move an air-filled upper casing against a lower fixed cylinder, with up and down movement being converted into electricity. As a wave crest approaches, the water pressure on the top of the cylinder increases, and the upper part or 'floater' compresses the gas within the cylinder to balance the pressures. The reverse happens as the wave trough passes and the cylinder expands. The relative movement between the floater and the lower part or silo is converted to electricity by means of a hydraulic system and motor-generator set.
Breaking Criterion and Characteristics for Solitary Waves on Slopes
Shoaling and breaking of solitary waves is computed on slopes 1:100 to 1:8 using an experimentally validated fully nonlinear wave model based on potential flow equations. Characteristics of waves are computed at and beyond the breaking point, and geometric self-similarities of breakers are discussed as a function of wave height and bottom slope. No wave breaks for slopes steeper than 12 . A breaking criterion is derived for milder slopes, based on values of a nondimensional slope parameter o . This criterion predicts both whether waves will break or not and which type of breaking will occur (spilling, plunging, or surging). Empirical expressions for the breaking index and for the depth and celerity at breaking are derived based on computations. All results agree well with laboratory experiments. The NSW equations fail to predict these results with sufficient accuracy at the breaking point. Pre-breaking shoaling rates follow a more complex path than previously realized. Post-breaking behaviors exhibit a rapid (non-dissipative) decay, also observed in experiments, associated with a transfer of potential energy into kinetic energy. Wave celerity decreases in this zone of rapid decay.
S. T. Grilli; I.A. Svendsen; Member Asce; Member Asce; R. Subramanya
Design Optimisation Of An Offshore Wind Energy Converter By Means Of Tailored Dynamics
Tailoring the dynamics of an offshore wind energy converter can offer an effective design optimisation during the successive stages of the design process. Concerning the particular problem of fatigue due to combined wind and wave loading two simplified approaches are proposed and demonstrated which are well suited for the early design stages when integrated, non-linear time domain simulations are too cumbersome. This enables the use of standard design tools from the wind energy and offshore technology communities by superposition of separate analyses of hydrodynamic fatigue in the frequency domain and aerodynamic fatigue in the time domain.
M. Kühn
Modular Power Converters for PV Applications
This report describes technical opportunities to serve as parts of a technological roadmap for Shoals Technologies Group in power electronics for PV applications. There are many different power converter circuits that can be used for solar inverter applications. The present applications do not take advantage of the potential for using common modules. We envision that the development of a power electronics module could enable higher reliability by being durable and flexible. Modules would have fault current limiting features and detection circuits such that they can limit the current through the module from external faults and can identify and isolate internal faults such that the remaining modules can continue to operate with only minimal disturbance to the utility or customer. Development of a reliable, efficient, low-cost, power electronics module will be a key enabling technology for harnessing more power from solar panels and enable plug and play operation. Power electronics for computer power supplies, communication equipment, and transportation have all targeted reliability and modularity as key requirements and have begun concerted efforts to replace monolithic components with collections of common smart modules. This is happening on several levels including (1) device level with intelligent control, (2) functional module level, and (3) system module. This same effort is needed in power electronics for solar applications. Development of modular units will result in standard power electronic converters that will have a lower installed and operating cost for the overall system. These units will lead to increased adaptability and flexibility of solar inverters. Incorporating autonomous fault current limiting and reconfiguration capabilities into the modules and having redundant modules will lead to a durable converter that can withstand the rigors of solar power generation for more than 30 years. Our vision for the technology roadmap is that there is no need for detailed design of new power converters for each new application or installation. One set of modules and controllers can be pre-developed and the only design question would be how many modules need to be in series or parallel for the specific power requirement. Then, a designer can put the modules together and add the intelligent reconfigurable controller. The controller determines how many modules are connected, but it might also ask for user input for the specific application during setup. The modules include protection against faults and can reset it, if necessary. In case of a power device failure, the controller reconfigures itself to continue limited operation until repair which might be as simple as taking the faulty module out and inserting a new module. The result is cost savings in design, maintenance, repair, and a grid that is more reliable and available. This concept would be a perfect fit for the recently announced funding opportunity announcement (DE-FOA-0000653) on Plug and Play Photovoltaics.
Ozpineci, Burak [ORNL; Tolbert, Leon M [ORNL
Converting energy from fusion into useful forms
If fusion power reactors are to be feasible, it will still be necessary to convert the energy of the nuclear reaction into usable form. The heat produced will be removed from the reactor core by a primary coolant, which might be water, helium, molten lithium-lead, molten lithium-containing salt, or CO2. The heat could then be transferred to a conventional Rankine cycle or Brayton (gas turbine) cycle. Alternatively it could be used for thermochemical processes such as producing hydrogen or other transport fuels. Fusion presents new problems because of the high energy neutrons released. These affect the selection of materials and the operating temperature, ultimately determining the choice of coolant and working cycle. The limited temperature ranges allowed by present day irradiated structural materials, combined with the large internal power demand of the plant, will limit the overall thermal efficiency. The operating conditions of the fusion power source, the materials, coolant, and energy conversion system w...
Kovari, M; Jenkins, I; Kiely, C
Converting syncrudes to transportation fuels: Appendix 1
Syncrudes derived from oil shale and those produced in direct coal liquefaction processes can be converted to transportation fuels using modern commercial hydroprocessing technology. Upgrading routes typically consist of hydrogen addition and removal of heteroatom and inorganic impurities. This paper reviews refining routes and discusses the properties of finished transportation fuel products (gasoline, jet fuel, diesel) produced from syncrudes. Fuels produced from bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, and lignite are contrasted with those produced from oil shale and petroleum. Transportation fuels from shale oil resemble those from waxy petroleum crudes. Upgraded products from liquids made in H-Coal, EDS, and SRC-II direct coal liquefaction processes are low in paraffin content and consist mainly of cyclic hydrocarbons. As a result, the latter have some unusual and desirable properties for transportation fuels. 14 refs., 8 figs., 8 tabs.
Sullivan, R.F.; O'Rear, D.J.; Frumkin, H.A.
Modeling and Controller Design of a Wind Energy Conversion System Including a Matrix Converter.
??In this thesis, a grid-connected wind-energy converter system including a matrix converter is proposed. The matrix converter, as a power electronic converter, is used to… (more)
Barakati, Seyed Masoud
Super-light electromagnetic wave with longitudinal and transversal modes
The transformation converting equations invariant under Lorentz into the equations invariant under Galileo is obtained. On this basis: (1) the super-light electromagnetic wave with longitudinal and transversal modes is found out; (2) it is shown the wave velocity coincides with that of de Broglie's wave; (3) the connection between Maxwell's electrodynamics and Shredinger's equation is established; (4) structural elements of space are discovered and "a horizon of visibility" is found. It is shown Bell's inequalities and the principle of the light speed constancy are based on the SRT artifact and "Einstein's local realism" is determined by the wave referred above. Objectivity of results for quantum and classical objects is discussed
M. M. Kononenko
Manufacturing cost of flame heated thermionic converters. Topical report
The cost of thermionic converters has been estimated in support of the cost calculations for thermionic topping of central station powerplants. These calculations supersede the previous calculations made in 1975 and use a design concept similar to the current configuration of flame-heated converters. The cost of converters was estimated by obtaining quotations from manufactureres whenever possible. The selling cost was found to be $110 per kilowatt.
LaRue, G.; Miskolczy, G.
Integrated Solar Power Converters: Wafer-Level Sub-Module Integrated DC/DC Converter
Solar ADEPT Project: CU-Boulder is developing advanced power conversion components that can be integrated into individual solar panels to improve energy yields. The solar energy that is absorbed and collected by a solar panel is converted into useable energy for the grid through an electronic component called an inverter. Many large, conventional solar energy systems use one, central inverter to convert energy. CU-Boulder is integrating smaller, microinverters into individual solar panels to improve the efficiency of energy collection. The University's microinverters rely on electrical components that direct energy at high speeds and ensure that minimal energy is lost during the conversion process—improving the overall efficiency of the power conversion process. CU-Boulder is designing its power conversion devices for use on any type of solar panel.
GTRI's Convert Program: Minimizing the Use of Highly Enriched...
Flickr RSS Twitter YouTube GTRI's Convert Program: Minimizing the Use of Highly Enriched Uranium | National Nuclear Security Administration Our Mission Managing the Stockpile...
Improvements on Converter Operating Practice at Mufulira Smelter ...
Abstract Scope, With the commisioning of the 850,000 tonnes of Concentrate treated per annum capacity Isasmelt in September 2006 the Converter section ...
Research Projects to Convert Captured CO2 Emissions to Useful...
July 06, 2010 Research Projects to Convert Captured CO2 Emissions to Useful Products Six Projects Selected by DOE Will Further Important Technologies for Helping Reduce CO2...
Weekly Wrap-Up: Testing Wind Blades, Converting Carbon Emissions...
Chu announced six projects that aim to find ways of convert captured carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from industrial sources into useful products. The innovative projects -...
Method of converting an existing vehicle powertrain to a hybrid ...
A method of converting an existing vehicle powertrain including a manual transmission to a hybrid powertrain system with an automated powertrain transmission. The ...
Converting sensitive waste into cleaner energy
The destruction of sensitive unclassified information (SUI) has always been expensive due to the need for special controls to ensure its protection from disclosure to unauthorized persons. The sensitive documents were shredded, buried at the landfill, or sent to a recycling company. The Department of Energy (DOE) Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL), operated by Lockheed Martin Idaho Technologies Company (LMITCO), has created an innovative method to dispose of its sensitive unclassified paper waste which has security, economic, and environmental benefits. A new cubing facility at the INEEL converts office and industrial waste into compact cubes which are then combined with coal and burned as a source of heat and process steam to run the Idaho Chemical Processing Plant (ICPP) facility. The process-engineered fuel, consisting of 25% cubes and 75% coal, bums cleaner than coal with lower emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. The alternative fuel also reduces fuel costs, eliminates paying a recycling company, reduces the expense of landfill disposal, increases the life of the landfill, and provides energy to operate a large facility. The Operations Security (OPSEC) team capitalized on this waste to energy technology by recommending that the large quantities of sensitive information (documents) generated at the INEEL be disposed of in this manner. In addition to the economic and environmental benefits, this disposal method minimizes the vulnerabilities of SUI from disclosure to unauthorized personnel. The {open_quotes}cuber{close_quotes} technology has potential application in government and industry for protection of SUI.
Schriner, D.; Skinner, R.
Converter-fed subsea motor drives
A subsea adjustable-speed motor fed via a long cable in range of several tens of kilometers between the converter and the motor are analyzed by simulations. Due to resonance, one critical frequency range occurs where significant generation of harmonics from the inverter should be avoided. A voltage source inverter is more feasible than a current source inverter since it is easier to modify the output waveform in order to avoid resonance problems. The resistive voltage drop in the long cable reduces the air-gap torque of the motor particular at low frequencies. This causes a problem for the start-up of the motor due to stiction torque. A start-up strategy is envisaged which is a compromise between voltage boost, inverter current, and transformer core dimensions. In normal operation mode the inverter voltage is proportional to the frequency. An open speed lop is used which keeps the system stable for potential load variations. The results from a 1-MW full-scale system test are summarized.
Raad, R.O.; Raphael, H.B. [Statoil, Stavanger (Norway); Henriksen, T. [Norwegian Electric Power Research Inst., Trondheim (Norway); Hadler-Jacobsen, A. [Framo Engineering AS, Nesttun (Norway)
Wave Dragon ApS | Open Energy Information
Dragon ApS Dragon ApS Jump to: navigation, search Name Wave Dragon ApS Place Copenhagen, Denmark Zip DK-2200 Country Albania Product Wave energy converter development company. Has patented the Wave Dragon, an offshore floating slack moored wave energy converter. Coordinates 55.6760968°, 12.5683371° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":55.6760968,"lon":12.5683371,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Nonlinear wave loads on a three-column TLP in real seas
Nonlinear wave loads are essential in design of offshore structures. In this study an analysis model for nonlinear wave loads was improved by introducing a quasi-linear transfer function which incorporates both linear- and quadratic- transfer functions. The analysis model is first demonstrated by computing wave loads on a truncated column in experimental regular wave and irregular waves. The general trend of the quasi-linear transfer function LTF* is investigated. Time series of wave forces are computed and compared with experimental results. The model was confirmed through good agreement between experiment and prediction results. The analysis model is then applied to a three-column TLP. A real field wave, which is quite non-Gaussian, is used as input. Linear and second-order force time series in surge, pitch and heave directions are predicted. Time series of nonlinear force is obtained, and statistics of the wave loads are investigated. Second order wave loads in higher and lower frequency are highlighted. Finally, the nonlinear wave loads are applied to the TLP finite element analysis model to simulate the nonlinear motion and tendon tensions. The time domain simulations are transformed to the frequency amplitude spectra, from which high-frequency resonance and slowly-varying motion are investigated.
Wang, Zhongmin
Radio Interference From HVDC Converter Stations, Modeling and Characterization
High-voltage direct-current converter stations generate electromagnetic interference (EMI) that can affect the performance of nearby electronic equipment. A prototype computer program that calculates EMI characteristics in the 5-500-kHz range will enable utility engineers to determine the extent of such interference during the design stage of a converter station.
Adaptive decentralised control of parallel DC-DC converter systems
In this paper, we develop a robust controller for parallel DC-DC converter system by combining the adaptive backstepping technique and decentralised control. The voltages and currents of all converters are coupled with each other. The parallel DC-DC ...
Jing Zhou
Learning/teaching graphical user interface based power electronic converters
This paper presents an intuitive graphical user interface for simulation of various topologies of power electronic converters. The simulator is developed using the GUIDE tool of MATLAB®, which acts as a front-end interface that can be ... Keywords: MATLAB®/SIMULINK®, converter design, power electronics teaching tool
S. Doolla; T. S. Bhatti
The frequency dependent impedance of an HVdc converter
A linear and direct method of determining the frequency dependent impedance of a 12 pulse HVdc converter is presented. Terms are developed for both the dc and ac side impedances of the converter, including the effect of the firing angle control system, the commutation period, and the variability of the commutation period. The impedance predictions are verified by dynamic simulation.
Wood, A.R.; Arrillaga, J. [Univ. of Canterbury, Christchurch (New Zealand)
A study of Schwarz converters for nuclear powered spacecraft
High power space systems which use low dc voltage, high current sources such as thermoelectric generators, will most likely require high voltage conversion for transmission purposes. This study considers the use of the Schwarz resonant converter for use as the basic building block to accomplish this low-to-high voltage conversion for either a dc or an ac spacecraft bus. The Schwarz converter has the important assets of both inherent fault tolerance and resonant operation and parallel operation in modular form is possible. A regulated dc spacecraft bus requires only a single stage converter while a constant frequency ac bus requires a cascaded Schwarz converter configuration. If the power system requires constant output power from the dc generator, then a second converter is required to route unneeded power to a ballast load.
Stuart, T.A. [Univ. of Toledo, OH (United States); Schwarze, G.E. [Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, OH (United States)
A computer program for HVDC converter station RF noise calculations
HVDC converter station operations generate radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic (EM) noise which could interfere with adjacent communication and computer equipment, and carrier system operations. A generic Radio Frequency Computer Analysis Program (RAFCAP) for calculating the EM noise generated by valve ignition of a converter station has been developed as part of a larger project. The program calculates RF voltages, currents, complex power, ground level electric field strength and magnetic flux density in and around an HVDC converter station. The program requires the converter station network to be represented by frequency dependent impedance functions. Comparisons of calculated and measured values are given for an actual HVDC station to illustrate the validity of the program. RAFCAP is designed to be used by engineers for the purpose of calculating the RF noise produced by the igniting of HVDC converter valves.
Kasten, D.G.; Caldecott, R.; Sebo, S.A. (Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Dept. of Electrical Engineering); Liu, Y. (Virginia Polytechnic Inst. State Univ., Blacksburg, VA (United States). Bradley Dept. of Electrical Engineering)
State Energy Program Helping Arkansans Convert to Compressed Natural Gas |
State Energy Program Helping Arkansans Convert to Compressed State Energy Program Helping Arkansans Convert to Compressed Natural Gas State Energy Program Helping Arkansans Convert to Compressed Natural Gas January 25, 2012 - 4:30pm Addthis The Arkansas Energy Office recently launched a Compressed Natural Gas Conversion Rebate Program, which provides incentives for fleets and individuals to purchase and/or convert their Arkansas-licensed vehicles to compressed natural gas (CNG). | All Rights Reserved. The Arkansas Energy Office recently launched a Compressed Natural Gas Conversion Rebate Program, which provides incentives for fleets and individuals to purchase and/or convert their Arkansas-licensed vehicles to compressed natural gas (CNG). | All Rights Reserved. Grayson Bryant Project Officer -- State Energy Program
Converting hard copy documents for electronic dissemination
Since the advent of computer systems, the goal of a paperless office, and even a paperless society, has been pursued. While the normal paper flow in an organization is far from totally automated, particularly for items requiring signatures or authorizations, electronic information dissemination is becoming an almost simple task. The reasons for providing on-line documents are many and include faster and easier access for everyone, elimination of printing costs, reduction of wasted shelf and desk space, and the security of having a centrally-located, always up-to-date document. New computer software even provides the user with the ability to annotate documents and to have bookmarks so that the old scribbled-in and dog-eared manual can be replaced without loosing this `customizability`. Moreover, new hypermedia capabilities mean that documents can be read in a non-linear fashion and can include color figures and photographs, audio, and even animation sequences, capabilities which exceed those of paper. The proliferation of network-based information servers, coupled with the growth of the Internet, has enticed academic, governmental, and even commercial organizations to provide increasing numbers of documents and data bases in electronic form via the network, not just to internal staff, but to the public as well. Much of this information, which includes everything from mundane company procedures to spiffy marketing brochures, was previously published only in hard copy. Converting existing documents to electronic form and producing only electronic versions of new documents poses some interesting challenges to the maintainer or author.
Hoffman, F.
Ocean tide energy converter having improved efficiency
A tide motor useful for converting periodic rising and falling water levels to useful work such as electric power generation includes a primary piston having a large enclosed chamber that can selectively be filled with air for generation of upward thrust when submerged in rising tidal water or filled with water for generating downward gravitational thrust when the piston is suspended in air above a dropping tidal water level. Cyclic filling and emptying of the chamber is programmed to coordinate piston positions and water level positions, and the piston can be locked in either up or down position to achieve maximum flotation and gravitational thrust forces. An auxiliary tidal piston that can be locked in a down position has an upper water chamber provided with flood valves and an air filled, sealed flotation chamber below. The auxiliary piston is located near the primary piston, and is designed to have positive buoyancy when its respective chambers are filled with water and air. The lower area of the water chamber of the auxiliary piston is connected to the lower area of the primary piston chamber by a valve conduit so the primary piston chamber can be filled with water at its high position while it is locked up by releasing the auxiliary piston to float upwardly with its water chamber filled, and placing the primary and auxiliary piston chambers in communication with each other so water flows from the latter into the former until the primary piston chamber is filled with water before it begins its downward stroke after the water level has dropped below it. After the primary piston has completed its downward stroke, its interior chamber is drained and sealed in preparation for its next upward stroke on the next rising tide, and the water chamber of the auxiliary piston is refilled in preparation for the next cycle of operation.
Rainey, D.E.
Wave Power Demonstration Project at Reedsport, Oregon
Ocean wave power can be a significant source of large?scale, renewable energy for the US electrical grid. The Electrical Power Research Institute (EPRI) conservatively estimated that 20% of all US electricity could be generated by wave energy. Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. (OPT), with funding from private sources and the US Navy, developed the PowerBuoy? to generate renewable energy from the readily available power in ocean waves. OPT's PowerBuoy converts the energy in ocean waves to electricity using the rise and fall of waves to move the buoy up and down (mechanical stroking) which drives an electric generator. This electricity is then conditioned and transmitted ashore as high?voltage power via underwater cable. OPT's wave power generation system includes sophisticated techniques to automatically tune the system for efficient conversion of random wave energy into low cost green electricity, for disconnecting the system in large waves for hardware safety and protection, and for automatically restoring operation when wave conditions normalize. As the first utility scale wave power project in the US, the Wave Power Demonstration Project at Reedsport, OR, will consist of 10 PowerBuoys located 2.5 miles off the coast. This U.S. Department of Energy Grant funding along with funding from PNGC Power, an Oregon?based electric power cooperative, was utilized for the design completion, fabrication, assembly and factory testing of the first PowerBuoy for the Reedsport project. At this time, the design and fabrication of this first PowerBuoy and factory testing of the power take?off subsystem are complete; additionally the power take?off subsystem has been successfully integrated into the spar.
Mekhiche, Mike [Principal Investigator] [Principal Investigator; Downie, Bruce [Project Manager] [Project Manager
Magnet Technology for Power Converters: Nanocomposite Magnet Technology for High Frequency MW-Scale Power Converters
Solar ADEPT Project: CMU is developing a new nanoscale magnetic material that will reduce the size, weight, and cost of utility-scale PV solar power conversion systems that connect directly to the grid. Power converters are required to turn the energy that solar power systems create into useable energy for the grid. The power conversion systems made with CMU's nanoscale magnetic material have the potential to be 150 times lighter and significantly smaller than conventional power conversion systems that produce similar amounts of power.
IEEE International Symposium on Sustainable Systems and Technologies, Washington D.C., May 16-19, 2010 Abstract--Interest in recycling has surged in recent years due
-stage separation systems. The problem of estimating the performance and designing multi-stage separation processes-19, 2010 Abstract--Interest in recycling has surged in recent years due to shifting material costs and Electronic Equipment). One common approach to increasing system separation performance is the use of multi
Gutowski, Timothy
Abstract The natural gas price surged in 2004. As a result, the marginal cost of some generators burning gas also rose sharply.
Abstract  The natural gas price surged in 2004. As a result, the marginal cost of some generators marginal cost, which is closely related to the natural gas price. Since gas units are usually the marginal the sensitivity of Var benefit with respect to generation cost. The U.S. natural gas industry has been
Tolbert, Leon M.
Effect of turbine-operating regime and adjustment of automated control system on stability and critical area of surge tanks at HPP
Materials of the works of several authors who have investigated the effect of turbine-operating regime on the stability of HPP with surge tanks are presented. Anumber of new results are obtained. Analytical relationships that can be used in stability calculations for a number of coefficients are compared with a large amount of actual data.
Murav'ev, O. A. [Moscow State Civil-Engineering University (Russian Federation)
Oceanic Internal Waves Are Not Weak Waves
It is shown that the oceanic internal wave field is too energetic by roughly two orders of magnitude to be treated theoretically as an assemblage of weakly interacting waves. This may be seen both from recent weak wave theoretical calculations ...
Greg Holloway
MHK Technologies/Wave Rotor | Open Energy Information
Rotor Rotor < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Wave Rotor.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Ecofys Subsidiary of Econcern Project(s) where this technology is utilized *MHK Projects/C Energy Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Axial Flow Turbine Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 5/6: System Integration and Technology Laboratory Demonstration Technology Description The Wave Rotor uses a combined Darrieus-Wells rotor, which is contained on the same vertical axis of rotation. These are respectively omni- and bi-directional rotors that can operate in currents of changing directions. The Wave Rotor is mounted on a platform to allow for the capture of wave energy from circulating water particles created by local currents. Since it uses two types of rotor on a single axis of rotation it is able to convert not only tidal currents, but also waves into electricity.
Fission converter heat removal and safety under accident conditions
The design and safety of the heat removal system of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) design for a fission converter-based epithermal beam is discussed in this paper. Plate-type reactor fuel elements, used in the MIT research reactor (MITR-II), are also used for the fission converter. This fission converter-based beam provides epithermal neutron fluxes at the patient position in excess of 10{sup 10} n/cm{sup 2}s with very low contamination of fast neutrons and gamma rays.
Sutharshan, B.; Todreas, N.E.; Harling, O.K. [Massachusetts Inst. of Technology, Cambridge, MA (United States)
A prototype ASIC buck converter for LHC upgrades
Given the larger number of channels and the need for reduced material budget in the SLHC trackers, alternatives to the present power distribution scheme have to be explored. In this context we are envisaging a new architecture based on custom switching converters able to work in the high radiation and high magnetic field environment of the experiments. A prototype converter has been designed and integrated in an ASIC. This includes the fundamental building blocks of a buck converter that can be used in later and more complete designs and even in different topologies. Design techniques and functional tests of the prototype will be discussed.
Michelis, S; Allongue, B; Blanchot, G; Fuentes, C; Kayal, M
Prediction of core saturation instability at an HVDC converter
Core saturation instability has occurred on several HVDC schemes resulting from interactions between second harmonic and dc quantities (voltages and currents) on the ac side of the converter and fundamental frequency quantities on the dc side of the converter. The instability can be reinforced by unbalanced saturation of the converter transformers. The paper presents an analytical method which can be used to quickly screen ac and dc system operating conditions to predict where core saturation instability is likely to occur. Analytical results have been confirmed using the digital transients simulation program PSCAD/EMTDC.
Burton, R.S. [Teshmont Consultants, Inc., Winnipeg, Manitoba (Canada); Fuchshuber, C.F. [Alberta Power Ltd., Edmonton, Alberta (Canada); Woodford, D.A. [Manitoba HVDC Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba (Canada); Gole, A.M. [Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba (Canada)
Comparison of P-wave and S-wave data processed by DIP moveout
One of the major goals of seismic data processing is to produce an accurate image of the subsurface of the earth. Unfortunately, when dipping events or diffractions are present, or when velocities vary laterally, the normal-moveout (NMO) correction applied in common midpoint (CMP) stacking fails to convert even primary events on non-zero offset traces to true zero offset. Dip moveout (DMO) is a process that converts non-zerooffset data to true zero offset after NMO has been applied. Direct comparison of compressional (P) and shear (S) wave data in a fractured reservoir can show whether amplitude anomalies on the P-wave section are associated with the presence of gas or change of lithology. The P-wave and S-wave data selected for this study were shot in Burleson County, Texas. After processing, the P-wave and S-wave sections were interpreted. No gas-related DHf (direct hydrocarbon indicator) was seen in both sections. Comparison of both sections before and after DMO shows that DMO has helped imaging the fractures in the Austin Chalk and provided a clear image of the subsurface after migrating the DMO data. Major reflectors such as the Pecan Gap, "Top-of-the-Austin-Chalk", "Bottom-of-theAustin-Chalk", and Buda correlate well with seismic events on the synthetic seismogram which was generated from the sonic log of the Lancier Brinckman #1 well. The difference in depth between the sonic log and the P-wave seismic section is small. The sonic log depths are deeper than the P-wave seismic section depths. The top and bottom of the Austin Chalk reflectors on both sections display laterally varying amplitudes (surface locations 55 to 68). This region coincides with the high-oil production zone (fractured zone).
Al-Misnid, Abdulaziz Mugbel
Monolithic series-connected gallium arsenide converter development
We report the development of monolithic GaAs photovoltaic devices intended to convert light generated by a laser or other bright source to electricity. The converters described here can provide higher operating voltage than is possible using a single-junction converter, owing to use of a monolithic circuit that forms a planar series-connected string of single-junction sub-cells. This planar monolithic circuit is arranged to deliver the desired voltage and current during operation at the maximum power point. The paper describes two-, six-, and twelve-junction converters intended for illumination by a laser diode with a wavelength of 0.8 {mu}m. Design and characterization data are presented for optical power in the range of 100 mW to 1 W. The best conversion efficiency exceeds 50%. 9 refs., 4 figs., 2 tabs.
Spitzer, M.B.; McClelland, R.W.; Dingle, B.D.; Dingle, J.E.; Hill, D.S. (Kopin Corp., Taunton, MA (United States)); Rose, B.H. (Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM (United States))
10-MW GTO converter for battery peaking service
A bidirectional 18-pulse voltage source converter utilizing gate turn-off thyristors (GTO's) is described. The converter, which is rated 10 MVA, was placed in service in early 1988 to connect an energy storage battery to a utility grid. The converter is rated and controlled to operate in all four quadrants (discharge, charge, leading vars, or lagging vars) at the full 10-MVA rating. It is capable of independent rapid control of real and reactive power with a transient response of 16 ms to changes in commanded value of real or reactive power. Thus it is usable as a reactive power controller (static var control), voltage control, frequency control, power system stabilizer, or as a real power peaking station. For use as a reactive power controller only, no battery would be needed. The design, construction, control, and application of the converter are described, and performance data taken at factory power test and at the installation are given.
Walker, L.H. (Drive Development Engineering, Drive Systems, General Electric Co., Salem, VA (US))
Method for converting uranium oxides to uranium metal
A process is described for converting scrap and waste uranium oxide to uranium metal. The uranium oxide is sequentially reduced with a suitable reducing agent to a mixture of uranium metal and oxide products. The uranium metal is then converted to uranium hydride and the uranium hydride-containing mixture is then cooled to a temperature less than -100.degree. C. in an inert liquid which renders the uranium hydride ferromagnetic. The uranium hydride is then magnetically separated from the cooled mixture. The separated uranium hydride is readily converted to uranium metal by heating in an inert atmosphere. This process is environmentally acceptable and eliminates the use of hydrogen fluoride as well as the explosive conditions encountered in the previously employed bomb-reduction processes utilized for converting uranium oxides to uranium metal.
Duerksen, Walter K. (Norris, TN)
Converting DOE Technical Standards to Voluntary Consensus Standards...
DOE-TSPP-8-2013 DOE TECHNICAL STANDARDS September 2013 PROGRAM PROCEDURES CONVERTING DOE TECHNICAL STANDARDS TO VOLUNTARY CONSENSUS STANDARDS U.S. Department of Energy Office of...
Implementation of control system for hydrokinetic energy converter
At Uppsala University, a research group is investigating a system for converting the power in freely flowing water using a verticalaxis turbine directly connected to a permanent magnet generator. An experimental setup comprising a turbine, a generator, ...
Katarina Yuen, Senad Apelfröjd, Mats Leijon
step 1: retrieve usage step 2: convert usage
planet #12;step 2: convert usage data to ghg electricity conversion EPA eGRID database provides state by state data on: lbs CO2 / MWh lbs NOx / MWH eGRID Massachusetts  specific conversion factors only
Paulsson, Johan
A process is described for converting scrap and waste uranium oxide to uranium metal. The uranium oxide is sequentially reduced with a suitable reducing agent to a mixture of uranium metal and oxide products. The uranium metal is then converted to uranium hydride and the uranium hydride-containing mixtures is then cooled to a temperature less than -100/sup 0/C in an inert liquid which renders the uranium hydride ferromagnetic. The uranium hydride is then magnetically separated from the cooled mixture. The separated uranium hydride is readily converted to uranium metal by heating in an inert atmosphere. This process is environmentally acceptable and eliminates the use of hydrogen fluoride as well as the explosive conditions encountered in the previously employed bomb-reduction processes utilized for converting uranium oxides to uranium metal.
Duerksen, W.K.
Converting Unconditioned Garage to Conditioned Space - Code Notes |
Converting Unconditioned Garage to Conditioned Space - Code Notes Converting Unconditioned Garage to Conditioned Space - Code Notes Converting an existing unconditioned garage to conditioned space is a popular strategy for increasing the living space of a house. Typically, the conversion or remodeling must be done in compliance with construction codes in force at the time the remodel permit is issued. Compliance shall be demonstrated by meeting the requirements of the 2009 International Energy Conservation Code. Publication Date: Thursday, December 15, 2011 cn_converting_unconditioned_garage_to_conditioned_space.pdf Document Details Document Number: PNNL-SA-83069 Prepared by: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy Building Energy Codes Program Focus: Compliance Building Type: Residential
Enterprise converting buses to biodiesel | Department of Energy
Enterprise converting buses to biodiesel Enterprise converting buses to biodiesel Enterprise converting buses to biodiesel April 1, 2010 - 6:48pm Addthis Paul Lester Communications Specialist, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Rental car customers may be able to breathe a little easier during their next trip to the airport. Alamo Rent A Car, Enterprise Rent-A-Car, and National Car Rental, all brands operated by the subsidiaries of Enterprise Holdings, are converting their airport shuttle buses to run on biodiesel fuel. The move is a good one for the environment, and will ultimately reduce the company's carbon emissions. "We are saving 420,000 gallons of petroleum diesel," says Lee Broughton, director of corporate identity and sustainability for Enterprise Holdings. Hydrocarbon and particulate matter emissions will plummet, making the air
California's program converts biomass residues to energy
This paper provides a brief introduction to the emerging biomass fuel industry in California and includes descriptions of California's biomass potential, California's biomass development program, and legislation that expands the state's developmental efforts in biomass commercialization. California's agriculture and forest industries residues were discussed. These residues can be converted to energy, and now, through California's aggressive development program, more residues will be converted. (DP)
Ward, P.F.
Bi-directional power control system for voltage converter
A control system for a voltage converter includes: a power comparator for comparing a power signal on input terminals of the converter with a commanded power signal and producing a power comparison signal; a power regulator for transforming the power comparison signal to a commanded current signal; a current comparator for comparing the commanded current signal with a measured current signal on output terminals of the converter and producing a current comparison signal; a current regulator for transforming the current comparison signal to a pulse width modulator (PWM) duty cycle command signal; and a PWM for using the PWM duty cycle command signal to control electrical switches of the converter. The control system may further include: a command multiplier for converting a voltage signal across the output terminals of the converter to a gain signal having a value between zero (0) and unity (1), and a power multiplier for multiplying the commanded power signal by the gain signal to provide a limited commanded power signal, wherein power comparator compares the limited commanded power signal with the power signal on the input terminals.
Garrigan, Neil Richard (Niskayuna, NY); King, Robert Dean (Schenectady, NY); Schwartz, James Edward (Slingerlands, NY)
A control system for a voltage converter includes: a power comparator for comparing a power signal on input terminals of the converter with a commanded power signal and producing a power comparison signal; a power regulator for transforming the power comparison signal to a commanded current signal; a current comparator for comparing the commanded current signal with a measured current signal on output terminals of the converter and producing a current comparison signal; a current regulator for transforming the current comparison signal to a pulse width modulator (PWM) duty cycle command signal; and a PWM for using the PWM duty cycle command signal to control electrical switches of the converter. The control system may further include: a command multiplier for converting a voltage signal across the output terminals of the converter to a gain signal having a value between zero (0) and unity (1), and a power multiplier for multiplying the commanded power signal by the gain signal to provide a limited commanded power signal, wherein power comparator compares the limited commanded power signal with the power signal on the input terminals. 10 figs.
Garrigan, N.R.; King, R.D.; Schwartz, J.E.
Modeling, Analysis and Stabilization of Converter-Dominated Power Distribution Grids.
??The energy sector is moving towards extensive use of power electronic (PE) converters to interface distributed generation (DG) units and modern converter-interfaced loads (CILs). Therefore,… (more)
Radwan, Amr A A
A new multi-motor drive system based on two-stage direct power converter.
??The two-stage AC to AC direct power converter is an alternative matrix converter topology, which offers the benefits of sinusoidal input currents and output voltages,… (more)
Kumar, Dinesh
Wave–Wave Interaction of Unstable Baroclinic Waves
Two slightly unstable baroclinic waves in the two-layer Phillips model are allowed to interact with each other as well as the mean flow. A theory for small dissipation rates is developed to examine the role of wave–wave interaction in the ...
Joseph Pedlosky; Lorenzo M. Polvani
MHK Technologies/Wave Energy Propulsion | Open Energy Information
< MHK Technologies < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Wave Energy Propulsion.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Kneider Innovations Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Attenuator Technology Description The device concept is a converter of the vertical potential energy moving wave to push the boat on horizontal kinetic motion Optimum Marine/Riverline Conditions The device is compliant for boat navigating on sea and oceans or lakes when water levels are changing cyclicly waves Technology Dimensions Device Testing Date Submitted 18:32.0 << Return to the MHK database homepage Retrieved from "http://en.openei.org/w/index.php?title=MHK_Technologies/Wave_Energy_Propulsion&oldid=681483"
MHK Technologies/hyWave | Open Energy Information
hyWave hyWave < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage HyWave.png Technology Profile Primary Organization Wavegen subsidiary of Voith Siemens Hydro Power Generation Project(s) where this technology is utilized *MHK Projects/Mutriku *MHK Projects/Wavegen Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 1-3: Discovery / Concept Definition / Early Stage Development & Design & Engineering Technology Description The hyWave device rests directly on the seabed and is designed to operate in the near-shore environment in a nominal mean water depth of 15m. Optimum performance will be achieved when driven by a long ocean swell. The pneumatic power of the oscillating water column (OWC) is converted to electricity by a Wells generator and specially designed induction generators.
Manta Wings: Wave Energy Testing Floats to Puget Sound | Department of
Manta Wings: Wave Energy Testing Floats to Puget Sound Manta Wings: Wave Energy Testing Floats to Puget Sound Manta Wings: Wave Energy Testing Floats to Puget Sound August 6, 2010 - 11:27am Addthis The 1:15 scale prototype being lowered into the wave flume at Oregon State University's O.H. Hinsdale Wave Research Laboratory | Photo courtesy of Columbia Power The 1:15 scale prototype being lowered into the wave flume at Oregon State University's O.H. Hinsdale Wave Research Laboratory | Photo courtesy of Columbia Power Lindsay Gsell Columbia Power Technologies plans to test an intermediate-scale version of its wave energy converter device in Puget Sound later this year. After the successful control tests, the company will move testing to open water in Puget Sound this fall. Columbia will test the intermediate 1:7
Grid connection of wave power farm using an N-level cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter
An N-level cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter is proposed for grid connection of large wave power farms. The point-absorber wave energy converters are individually rectified and used as isolated DC-sources. The variable power characteristics of the ...
Rickard Ekström, Mats Leijon
Geostrophic Shock Waves
Organized depth discontinuities involving a balance between steepening and dissipation are usually referred to as shock waves. An analytical "educed gravity" model is used to examine a special kind of shock wave. The wave under study is a depth ...
Doron Nof
The Sandia Wave Reflector
The Sandia wave reflector is a magnetic conductor for wireless transmissions near 433 MHz. The device reflects perpendicular electromagnetic waves in-phase and suppresses surface waves resulting in improved gain performance and effective operation ...
A Thunderstorm Bow Wave
The thunderstorm solitary gust or bow wave, observed by Doviak and Ge, is examined from the viewpoint of boundary layer wave theory. It is concluded that all its well defined characteristics are consistently modeled as a bow wave of ducted ...
G. Chimonas; Carmen J. Nappo
Unconditional conversion between quantum particles and waves
Wave-particle duality is a basic notion of quantum mechanics, which has largely contributed to many debates on the foundations of quantum theory. Besides this fundamental aspect of the wave-particle nature of quantum systems, recently, it turned out that, in order to construct more advanced and efficient protocols in quantum communication and information processing, it is also beneficial to combine continuous-wave and discrete-particle features in a so-called hybrid fashion. However, in traditional, quantum optical complementarity tests, monitoring the light waves would still happen in an effectively particle-like fashion, detecting the fields click by click. Similarly, close-to-classical, wave-like coherent states, as readily available from standard laser sources, or other Gaussian states generated through nonlinear optical interactions, have been so far experimentally converted into non-classical quantum superpositions of distinct waves only in a conditional fashion. Here we experimentally demonstrate the deterministic conversion of a single-photon state into a quantum superposition of two weak coherent states with opposite phases - a Schrodinger kitten state - and back. Conceptually different from all previous experiments, as being fully reversible, this can be interpreted as a quantum gate, connecting the complementary regimes of particle-like and wave-like light fields in a unitary fashion, like in a quantum computation. Such an unconditional conversion is achieved by means of a squeezing operation, demonstrating a fundamental feature of any quantum system: particle-like and wave-like properties can be reversibly altered, with no need for filtering out either through detection.
Yoshichika Miwa; Jun-ichi Yoshikawa; Noriaki Iwata; Mamoru Endo; Petr Marek; Radim Filip; Peter van Loock; Akira Furusawa
NETL: News Release - Converting Emissions into Energy - Three Companies to
September 14, 2000 September 14, 2000 Converting Emissions into Energy - Three Companies To Develop Technologies for Tapping Coal Mine Methane Methane, the chief constituent of natural gas, is a potent greenhouse gas, and millions of cubic feet of it escape daily from active coal mines. Now, three projects selected the U.S. Department of Energy propose new ways to capture the gas and convert it to useful energy -- reducing an environmental threat while adding to the nation's supplies of clean natural gas and electric power. The National Energy Technology Laboratory, the Energy Department's chief field site for its fossil energy research program, has selected: Appalachian-Pacific Coal Mine Methane Power Co., LLC, Arlington, VA, to work with West Virginia University Research Corp., Morgantown, WV, and Invitation Energy, Mannington, WV, to convert coal mine methane from mines in Marion County, WV, and surrounding areas into liquefied natural gas (LNG) to fuel heavy trucks.
A high-efficiency thermoelectric converter for space applications
This paper presents a concept for using high-temperature superconducting materials in thermoelectric generators (SCTE) to produce electricity at conversion efficiencies approaching 50% of the Carrot efficiency. The SCTE generator is applicable to systems operating in temperature ranges of high-temperature superconducting materials and thus would be a low-grade converter. Operating in cryogenic temperature ranges provides the advantage of inherently increasing the limits of the Carrot efficiency. Potential applications are for systems operating in space where the ambient temperatures are in the cryogenic temperature range. The advantage of using high-temperature superconducting material in a thermoelectric converter is that it would significantly reduce or eliminate the Joule heating losses in a thermoelectric element. This paper investigates the system aspects and the material requirements of the SCTE converter concept, and presents a conceptual design and an application for a space power system.
Metzger, J.D. [Westinghouse Savannah River Co., Aiken, SC (United States); El-Genk, M.S. [New Mexico Univ., Albuquerque, NM (United States). Inst. for Space Nuclear Power Studies
Applications and benefits of catalytic converter thermal management
A catalytic converter thermal management system (TMS) using variable-conductance vacuum insulation and phase-change thermal storage can maintain the converter temperature above its operating temperature for many hours, allowing most trips to begin with minimal ``cold-start`` emissions. The latest converter TMS prototype was tested on a Ford Taurus (3.0 liter flex-fuel engine) at Southwest Research Institute. Following a 24-hour soak, the FTP-75 emissions were 0.031, 0.13, and 0.066 g/mile for NMHC, CO, and NOx, respectively. Tests were also run using 85% ethanol (E85), resulting in values of 0.005, 0.124, and 0.044 g/mile, and 0.005 g/mile NMOG. Compared to the baseline FTP levels, these values represent reductions of 84% to 96% for NMHC, NMOG, and CO.
Burch, S.D.; Keyser, M.A.; Colucci, C.P.; Potter, T.F.; Benson, D.K.; Biel, J.P.
Combustor design tool for a gas fired thermophotovoltaic energy converter
Recently, there has been a renewed interest in thermophotovoltaic (TPV) energy conversion. A TPV device converts radiant energy from a high temperature incandescent emitter directly into electricity by photovoltaic cells. The current Department of Energy sponsored research involves the design, construction and demonstration of a prototype TPV converter that uses a hydrocarbon fuel (such as natural gas) as the energy source. As the photovoltaic cells are designed to efficiently convert radiant energy at a prescribed wavelength, it is important that the temperature of the emitter be nearly constant over its entire surface. The US Naval Academy has been tasked with the development of a small emitter (with a high emissivity) that can be maintained at 1,756 K (2,700 F). This paper describes the computer spreadsheet model that was developed as a tool to be used for the design of the high temperature emitter.
Lindler, K.W.; Harper, M.J. [Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD (United States). Naval Architecture, Ocean and Marine Engineering Dept.
Quartz crystal microbalance based on passive frequency to voltage converter
In dynamics of evaporation or drying of microdrops from a solid surface, a faster and precise quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is needed. The fast QCM based on frequency to voltage converter is an attractive and powerful tool in the investigation of the dynamic regime of evaporation to translate the frequency shift in terms of a continuous voltage change. The frequency shift monitoring in fast QCM applications is a real challenge for electronic processing interface. Originally developed as a frequency shift processing interface, this novel passive frequency to voltage converter can produce faster, stable, and accurate results in regard to the QCM sensor behavior. In this article, the concept and circuit of passive frequency to voltage converter will be explained followed by static and dynamic characterization. Experimental results of microdrops evaporation will be given.
Burda, Ioan; Tunyagi, Arthur [Department of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, 400084 (Romania)
Metzger, J.D. (Westinghouse Savannah River Co., Aiken, SC (United States)); El-Genk, M.S. (New Mexico Univ., Albuquerque, NM (United States). Inst. for Space Nuclear Power Studies)
Maryland Abuzz with Retrofit Converts | Department of Energy
Abuzz with Retrofit Converts Abuzz with Retrofit Converts Maryland Abuzz with Retrofit Converts January 7, 2010 - 2:06pm Addthis Joshua DeLung Tim Kenny got a college degree in fisheries biology, but his real passion lies in something he's spent the last 20 years doing - helping American families in Maryland, Pennsylvania and Washington, D.C. He makes his living in the clean energy economy by finding ways people can save money on their energy bills and make their homes cleaner, safer and more comfortable. About four years ago, he started Housewarmers, a business that performs energy audits and weatherization work on the homes of everyday clientele. Tim also helps community action agencies complete weatherization work as a contractor through a separate nonprofit business, C&O Conservation, for
Process for converting cellulosic materials into fuels and chemicals
A process for converting cellulosic materials, such as waste paper, into fuels and chemicals utilizing enzymatic hydrolysis of the major constituent of paper, cellulose. A waste paper slurry is contacted by cellulase in an agitated hydrolyzer. The cellulase is produced from a continuous, columnar, fluidized-bed bioreactor utilizing immobilized microorganisms. An attritor and a cellobiase reactor are coupled to the agitated hydrolyzer to improve reaction efficiency. The cellulase is recycled by an adsorption process. The resulting crude sugars are converted to dilute product in a fluidized-bed bioreactor utilizing microorganisms. The dilute product is concentrated and purified by utilizing distillation and/or a biparticle fluidized-bed bioreactor system.
Scott, Charles D. (Oak Ridge, TN); Faison, Brendlyn D. (Knoxville, TN); Davison, Brian H. (Knoxville, TN); Woodward, Jonathan (Oak Ridge, TN)
Liquid metal thermal-electric converter electrode development
This report describes work done in support of distributed receiver technology development. Dish-electric systems are being pursued in an effort to circumvent the need for energy transport by providing for heat-to-electricity energy conversion by individual heat engines at the focal point of parabolic dish concentrators. The Liquid Metal Thermal-Electric Converter is an engine that can convert thermal energy to electricity without the need for moving parts. The report documents the results of contracted work in the development of a long-lifetime, high-performance electrode for LMTEC, including the materials prepared for it. 17 refs., 20 figs., 3 tabs.
Martinez, J.I. (ed.)
Research on MPPT for Solar Cells Based on Flyback Converter
A voltage source and rheostat are successfully used to simulate the solar cell's character in this paper. Its feasibility is analyzed theoretically. The basic principle of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is described. An improved disturbance ... Keywords: solar cells, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), flyback converter
Zhang Housheng
A Dual Supply Buck Converter with Improved Light Load Efficiency
Power consumption is the primary concern in battery-operated portable applications. Buck converters have gained popularity in powering portable devices due to their compact size, good current delivery capability and high efficiency. However, portable devices are operating under light load condition for the most of the time. Conventional buck converters suffer from low light-load efficiency which severely limits battery lifetime. In this project, a novel technique for buck converter is proposed to reduce the switching loss by reducing the effective input supply voltage at light load. This is achieved by switching between two different input voltages (3.3V and 1.65V) depending on the output current value. Experimental results show that this technique improves the efficiency at light loads by 18.07%. The buck voltage possesses an output voltage of 0.9V and provides a maximum output current of 400mA. The buck converter operates at a switching frequency of 1MHz. The prototype was fabricated using 0.18µm CMOS technology, and occupies a total active area of 0.6039mm^2.
Chen, Hui
Apparatus for converting biomass to a pumpable slurry
An apparatus used in the pretreatment of wood chips in a process for converting biomass to a liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel. The apparatus functions to break down the wood chips to a size distribution that can be readily handled in a slurry form. Low maintenance operation is obtained by hydrolyzing the chips in a pressure vessel having no moving parts.
Ergun, Sabri (Hillsborough, CA); Schaleger, Larry L. (Oakland, CA); Wrathall, James A. (Berkeley, CA); Yaghoubzadeh, Nasser (El Cerrito, CA)
Elimination of Harmonics in a Multilevel Converter for HEV Applications
possible solu- tions are found. Keywords Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Multilevel Convert- ers, Harmonic Elimination, Resultants I. Introduction Designs for heavy duty hybrid-electric vehicles (HEVs) that have large electric drives such as tractor trailers, trans- fer trucks, or military vehicles will require advanced
Control and Power Management of Converter Fed Microgrids
1 Control and Power Management of Converter Fed Microgrids Charles K. Sao, Member, IEEE, and Peter in parallel in a VSC fed microgrid. Each current controlled VSC in such a microgrid has its own VPD/FQB controller that sets its current references to regulate the voltage and frequency of a common microgrid bus
Lehn, Peter W.
SELECTING FUELS WITHIN ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REQUIREMENTS: CONVERTING A PRESENT COMBUSTION SYSTEM fossil fuels. Next, the alternative fuels with large po tential energy recovery are selected and presentDIIsrCDUICTOI SCIIU, ! i ItFUSÂŁ_pu- ;1II-'NfU1MTJ: 'U.)'// PIr I It \\I I ' I Ir-SUIIDDU\\N. ÂŁDI
Columbia University
Minimizing power pulsations in a free piston energy converter
A Free Piston Energy Converter (FPEC) is a combination of a linear combustion engine and a linear electrical machine. This type of converter has many potential advantages like high efficiency, low fuel consumption and low emissions, which make it suitable for a series hybrid vehicle. However, the generated power pulsates due to the reciprocating motion of the translator. This paper presents a comparative study on how different generator force profiles affect the electric power pulsations produced by the FPEC. In addition, the influence of these profiles on translator motion and the needed power converter current is investigated. A dynamic free piston model is used for the investigation. Results show that the generator force profile has a major impact on the power pulsation amplitude and peak current demand. Thus the chosen force profile will affect dimensioning of power converter, electrical machine and energy storage. Furthermore, loading the translator heavily in the beginning or end of the stroke seems to affect the peak translator velocity more than evenly distributed load profiles.
Jörgen Hansson; Mats Leksell; Fredrik Carlsson
Energy Savings Assessment for Digital-to-Analog Converter Boxes
The Digital Television (DTV) Converter Box Coupon Program was administered by the U.S. government to subsidize purchases of digital-to-analog converter boxes, with up to two $40 coupons for each eligible household. In order to qualify as Coupon Eligible Converter Boxes (CECBs), these devices had to meet a number of minimum performance specifications, including energy efficiency standards. The Energy Star Program also established voluntary energy efficiency specifications that are more stringent than the CECB requirements. In this study, we measured the power and energy consumptions for a sample of 12 CECBs (including 6 Energy Star labeled models) in-use in homes and estimated aggregate energy savings produced by the energy efficiency policies. Based on the 35 million coupons redeemed through the end of the program, our analysis indicates that between 2500 and 3700 GWh per year are saved as a result of the energy efficiency policies implemented on digital-to-analog converter boxes. The energy savings generated are equivalent to the annual electricity use of 280,000 average US homes.
Cheung, Hoi Ying Iris; Meier, Alan; Brown, Richard
Cycling firing method for bypass operation of bridge converters
The bridge converter comprises a number of switching elements and an electronic logic system which regulated the electric power levels by controlling the firing, i.e., the initiation of the conduction period of the switching elements. Cyclic firing of said elements allows the direct current to bypass the alternating current system with high power factor and negligible losses.
Zabar, Zivan (99-72 66th Rd., Apt. 9N, Forest Hills, NY 11375)
Pre-converted nitric oxide gas in catalytic reduction system
A two-stage catalyst comprises an oxidative first stage and a reductive second stage. The first stage is intended to convert NO to NO.sub.2 in the presence of O.sub.2. The second stage serves to convert NO.sub.2 to environmentally benign gases that include N2, CO2, and H.sub.2 O. By preconverting NO to NO.sub.2 in the first stage, the efficiency of the second stage for NO.sub.x reduction is enhanced. For example, an internal combustion engine exhaust is connected by a pipe to a first chamber. An oxidizing first catalyst converts NO to NO.sub.2 in the presence of O.sub.2 and includes platinum/alumina, e.g., Pt/Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 catalyst. A flow of hydrocarbons (C.sub.x H.sub.y) is input from a pipe into a second chamber. For example, propene can be used as a source of hydrocarbons. The NO.sub.2 from the first catalyst mixes with the hydrocarbons in the second chamber. The mixture proceeds to a second reduction catalyst that converts NO.sub.2 to N2, CO2, and H.sub.2 O, and includes a gamma-alumina .gamma.-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. The hydrocarbons and NO.sub.x are simultaneously reduced while passing through the second catalyst.
Hsiao, Mark C. (Livermore, CA); Merritt, Bernard T. (Livermore, CA); Penetrante, Bernardino M. (San Ramon, CA); Vogtlin, George E. (Fremont, CA)
A summary of North American HVDC converter station reliability specifications
This paper summarizes Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability (RAM) specifications that were issued for thyristor based HVDC converter stations in service in North America. A total of twenty project specifications are summarized. A detailed summary by project is shown with specific quantitative requirements categorized. Definitions of terms, representative design principles, and formulas used in calculating RAM parameters contained in existing reliability specifications are presented.
Vancers, I. (ABB Power Systems Inc., Los Angeles, CA (United States)); Hormozi, F.J. (Los Angeles Dept. of Water and Power, CA (United States))
Benchmark Modeling of the Near-Field and Far-Field Wave Effects of Wave Energy Arrays
This project is an industry-led partnership between Columbia Power Technologies and Oregon State University that will perform benchmark laboratory experiments and numerical modeling of the near-field and far-field impacts of wave scattering from an array of wave energy devices. These benchmark experimental observations will help to fill a gaping hole in our present knowledge of the near-field effects of multiple, floating wave energy converters and are a critical requirement for estimating the potential far-field environmental effects of wave energy arrays. The experiments will be performed at the Hinsdale Wave Research Laboratory (Oregon State University) and will utilize an array of newly developed BuoysĂ?Â?Ă?Â?Ă?Â?Ă?Âť that are realistic, lab-scale floating power converters. The array of Buoys will be subjected to realistic, directional wave forcing (1:33 scale) that will approximate the expected conditions (waves and water depths) to be found off the Central Oregon Coast. Experimental observations will include comprehensive in-situ wave and current measurements as well as a suite of novel optical measurements. These new optical capabilities will include imaging of the 3D wave scattering using a binocular stereo camera system, as well as 3D device motion tracking using a newly acquired LED system. These observing systems will capture the 3D motion history of individual Buoys as well as resolve the 3D scattered wave field; thus resolving the constructive and destructive wave interference patterns produced by the array at high resolution. These data combined with the device motion tracking will provide necessary information for array design in order to balance array performance with the mitigation of far-field impacts. As a benchmark data set, these data will be an important resource for testing of models for wave/buoy interactions, buoy performance, and far-field effects on wave and current patterns due to the presence of arrays. Under the proposed project we will initiate high-resolution (fine scale, very near-field) fluid/structure interaction simulations of buoy motions, as well as array-scale, phase-resolving wave scattering simulations. These modeling efforts will utilize state-of-the-art research quality models, which have not yet been brought to bear on this complex problem of large array wave/structure interaction problem.
Rhinefrank, Kenneth E.; Haller, Merrick C.; Ozkan-Haller, H. Tuba
Automated Synthesis Tool for Design Optimization of Power Electronic Converters
Designers of power electronic converters usually face the challenge of having multiple performance indices that must be simultaneously optimized, such as maximizing efficiency while minimizing mass or maximizing reliability while minimizing cost. The experienced engineer applies his or her judgment to reduce the number of possible designs to a manageable number of feasible designs for which to prototype and test; thus, the optimality of this design-space reduction is directly dependent upon the experience, and expertise and biases of the designer. The practitioner is familiar with tradeoff analysis; however, simple tradeoff studies can become difficult or even intractable if multiple metrics are considered. Hence a scientific and systematic approach is needed. In this dissertation, a multi-objective optimization framework is presented as a design tool. Optimization of power electronic converters is certainly not a new subject. However, when limited to off-the-shelf components, the resulting system is really optimized only over the set of commercially available components, which may represent only a subset of the design space; the reachable space limited by available components and technologies. While this approach is suited to cost-reduce an existing design, it offers little insight into design possibilities for greenfield projects. Instead, this work uses the Technology Characterization Methods (TCM) to broaden the reachable design space by considering fundamental component attributes. The result is the specification for the components that create the optimal design rather than an evaluation of an apriori selected set of candidate components. A unique outcome of this approach is that new technology development vectors may emerge to develop optimized components for the optimized power converter. The approach presented in this work uses a mathematical descriptive language to abstract the characteristics and attributes of the components used in a power electronic converter in a way suitable for multi-objective and constrained optimization methods. This dissertation will use Technology Characterization Methods (TCM) to bridge the gap between high-level performance attributes and low-level design attributes where direct relationship between these two does not currently exist. The loss and size models for inductors, capacitors, IGBTs, MOSFETs and heat sinks will be used to form objective functions for the multi-objective optimization problem. A single phase IGBT-based inverter is optimized for efficiency and volume based on the component models derived using TCM. Comparing the obtained designs to a design, which can be made from commercial off-the-shelf components, shows that converter design can be optimized beyond what is possible from using only off-the-shelf components. A module-integrated photovoltaic inverter is also optimized for efficiency, volume and reliability. An actual converter is constructed using commercial off-the-shelf components. The converter design is chosen as close as possible to a point obtained by optimization. Experimental results show that the converter modeling is accurate. A new approach for evaluation of efficiency in photovoltaic converter is also proposed and the front-end portion of a photovoltaic converter is optimized for this efficiency, as well as reliability and volume.
Mirjafari, Mehran
Fundamental Guided Wave Metrology
Fundamental Guided Wave Metrology. Summary: ... The program is focused on fundamental measurement research for microwave parameters. ...
Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy in moving air into rotational energy, which in turn is converted
Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy in moving air into rotational energy, which in turn the wind doesn't blow? Wind Power on the Community Scale Renewable Energy Research Laboratory, University Energy Research Laboratory brings you this series of fact sheets about Wind Power on the community scale
Massachusetts at Amherst, University of
Surge Protection Anthology
... Three annexes include unpublished contributions to working groups, US patents front pages, and ... Lightning protection of roof-mounted solar cells ...
Alternative Fuels Data Center: Yellow Cab Converts Taxis to Propane in
Yellow Cab Converts Yellow Cab Converts Taxis to Propane in Columbus, Ohio to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Yellow Cab Converts Taxis to Propane in Columbus, Ohio on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Yellow Cab Converts Taxis to Propane in Columbus, Ohio on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Yellow Cab Converts Taxis to Propane in Columbus, Ohio on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Yellow Cab Converts Taxis to Propane in Columbus, Ohio on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: Yellow Cab Converts Taxis to Propane in Columbus, Ohio on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Yellow Cab Converts Taxis to Propane in Columbus, Ohio on AddThis.com... July 9, 2011 Yellow Cab Converts Taxis to Propane in Columbus, Ohio
Alpha Channeling in Rotating Plasma with Stationary Waves
An extension of the alpha channeling effect to supersonically rotating mirrors shows that the rotation itself can be driven using alpha particle energy. Alpha channeling uses radiofrequency waves to remove alpha particles collisionlessly at low energy. We show that stationary magnetic fields with high n? can be used for this purpose, and simulations show that a large fraction of the alpha energy can be converted to rotation energy.
A. Fetterman and N.J. Fisch
Pairs of Planck-mass--scale drops of superfluid helium coated by electrons (i.e., "Millikan oil drops"), when levitated in a superconducting magnetic trap in the presence of strong magnetic fields and at low temperatures, can be efficient quantum transducers between electromagnetic (EM) and gravitational (GR) radiation. A Hertz-like experiment, in which EM waves are converted at the source into GR waves, and then back-converted at the receiver from GR waves back into EM waves, should be practical to perform. As a step in this direction, an experiment to measure the quadrupolar electromagnetic scattering cross-section of a pair of "Millikan oil drops" will be performed first.
Watching Gravitational Waves
In the vicinity of merging neutron strar binaries or supernova remnants, gravitational waves can interact with the prevailing strong magnetic fields. The resulting partial conversion of gravitational waves into electromagnetic (radio) waves might prove to be an indirect way of detecting gravitational waves from such sources. Another interesting interaction considered in this article is the excitation of magnetosonic plasma waves by a gravitational wave passing through the surrounding plasma. The transfer of gravitational wave energy into the plasma might help to fuel the `fireball' of electromagnetic radiation observed in gamma ray bursts. In the last section of the article, a dispersion relation is derived for such magnetosonic plasma waves driven by a gravitational wave.
Joachim Moortgat
GTRI's Convert Program: Minimizing the Use of Highly Enriched Uranium |
Program: Minimizing the Use of Highly Enriched Uranium | Program: Minimizing the Use of Highly Enriched Uranium | National Nuclear Security Administration Our Mission Managing the Stockpile Preventing Proliferation Powering the Nuclear Navy Emergency Response Recapitalizing Our Infrastructure Continuing Management Reform Countering Nuclear Terrorism About Us Our Programs Our History Who We Are Our Leadership Our Locations Budget Our Operations Media Room Congressional Testimony Fact Sheets Newsletters Press Releases Speeches Events Social Media Video Gallery Photo Gallery NNSA Archive Federal Employment Apply for Our Jobs Our Jobs Working at NNSA Blog Home > Media Room > Fact Sheets > GTRI's Convert Program: Minimizing the Use of ... Fact Sheet GTRI's Convert Program: Minimizing the Use of Highly Enriched Uranium Apr 12, 2013
Planar LTCC transformers for high voltage flyback converters: Part II.
This paper is a continuation of the work presented in SAND2007-2591 'Planar LTCC Transformers for High Voltage Flyback Converters'. The designs in that SAND report were all based on a ferrite tape/dielectric paste system originally developed by NASCENTechnoloy, Inc, who collaborated in the design and manufacturing of the planar LTCC flyback converters. The output/volume requirements were targeted to DoD application for hard target/mini fuzing at around 1500 V for reasonable primary peak currents. High voltages could be obtained but with considerable higher current. Work had begun on higher voltage systems and is where this report begins. Limits in material properties and processing capabilities show that the state-of-the-art has limited our practical output voltage from such a small part volume. In other words, the technology is currently limited within the allowable funding and interest.
Schofield, Daryl (NASCENTechnology, Inc., Watertown, SD); Schare, Joshua M., Ph.D.; Slama, George (NASCENTechnology, Inc., Watertown, SD); Abel, David (NASCENTechnology, Inc., Watertown, SD)
NREL: News - NREL to Help Convert Methane to Liquid Diesel
113 113 NREL to Help Convert Methane to Liquid Diesel Advanced research project could lead to lower greenhouse emissions, new life for spent gas and oil wells January 3, 2013 The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) will help develop microbes that convert methane found in natural gas into liquid diesel fuel, a novel approach that if successful could reduce greenhouse gas emissions and lower dependence on foreign oil. The amount of natural gas simply flared or vented from oil wells globally is enormous - equal to one-third of the amount of petroleum used in the United States each year. And every molecule of methane vented to the atmosphere in that process has the global-warming capacity of 12 molecules of carbon dioxide.
NETL: News Release - Secretary Chu Announces Six Projects to Convert
2, 2010 2, 2010 Secretary Chu Announces Six Projects to Convert Captured CO2 Emissions from Industrial Sources into Useful Products $106 Million Recovery Act Investment Will Reduce CO2 Emissions and Mitigate Climate Change Washington, D.C. - U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu announced today the selections of six projects that aim to find ways of converting captured carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from industrial sources into useful products such as fuel, plastics, cement, and fertilizers. Funded with $106 million from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act -matched with $156 million in private cost-share -today's selections demonstrate the potential opportunity to use CO2 as an inexpensive raw material that can help reduce carbon dioxide emissions while producing useful by-products that Americans can use.
Catalyst for converting synthesis gas to liquid motor fuels
The addition of an inert metal component, such as gold, silver or copper, to a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst comprising cobalt enables said catalyst to convert synthesis gas to liquid motor fuels at about 240.degree.-370.degree. C. with advantageously reduced selectivity of said cobalt for methane in said conversion. The catalyst composition can advantageously include a support component, such as a molecular sieve, co-catalyst/support component or a combination of such support components.
Coughlin, Peter K. (Yorktown Heights, NY)
Quasi-optical mode converter for high power gyrotron
Gyrotrons are microwave / millimeter wave devices capable to deliver megawatt level continuous power at a frequency range up to 170GHz. The critical design issues for a high power gyrotrons are: (1) Magnetron injection Gun (2) Cavity with proper mode ...
B. K. Shukla; Dhiraj Bora
Analog-to-digital converter with data processing
This device incorporates an analog-digital converter including a data processing section which can be used to perform data processing on digitized data as is generated, off-line from the system processor. It consists of a 12 bit analog to digital converter for generating discrete digital data representative of an input analog signal, a data bus coupled to receive the digital data as is generated, a 512 Kbyte memory RAM to store the digitized data, and a system bus coupled to the data processing element for outputting the result of the performed operation. This is the first device with analog to digital converters and memory. It is the first module to be designed to the VXIbus format. This device is the first to incorporate an averaging circuit in the design. It has a sealed analog module (outputs the sum and difference of the log signals for both the X and the Y axis of the beam position module), memory channels, four averaging channels the programmable trigger and digitizer clock logic, and a VXIbus interface. This device is useful in the fields of data acquisition, data processing, communication systems, instrumentation and electronics.
Jones, A.
Frequency converter development for the National Ignition Facility
The design of the National Ignition Facility (NIF) incorporates a type I/type II third harmonic generator to convert the 1.053-{micro}m fundamental wavelength of the laser amplifier to a wavelength of 0.351 {micro}m for target irradiation. To understand and control the tolerances in the converter design, we have developed a comprehensive error budget that accounts for effects that are known to influence conversion efficiency, including variations in amplitude and phase of the incident laser pulse, temporal bandwidth of the incident laser pulse, crystal surface figure and bulk non-uniformities, angular alignment errors, Fresnel losses, polarization errors and crystal temperature variations. The error budget provides specifications for the detailed design of the NIF final optics assembly (FOA) and the fabrication of optical components. Validation is accomplished through both modeling and measurement, including full-scale Beamlet tests of a 37-cm aperture frequency converter in a NIF prototype final optics cell. The prototype cell incorporates full-perimeter clamping to support the crystals, and resides in a vacuum environment as per the NIF design.
Auerbach, J M; Barker, C E; Burkhart, S C; Couture, S A; DeYoreo, J J; Hackel, L A; Hibbard, R L; Liou, L W; Norton, M A; Wegner, P J; Whitman, P A
Trimode Power Converter optimizes PV, diesel and battery energy sources
Conservatively, there are 100,000 localities in the world waiting for the benefits that electricity can provide, and many of these are in climates where sunshine is plentiful. With these locations in mind a prototype 30 kW hybrid system has been assembled at Sandia to prove the reliability and economics of photovoltaic, diesel and battery energy sources managed by an autonomous power converter. In the Trimode Power Converter the same power parts, four IGBT`s with an isolation transformer and filter components, serve as rectifier and charger to charge the battery from the diesel; as a stand-alone inverter to convert PV and battery energy to AC; and, as a parallel inverter with the diesel-generator to accommodate loads larger than the rating of the diesel. Whenever the diesel is supplying the load, an algorithm assures that the diesel is running at maximum efficiency by regulating the battery charger operating point. Given the profile of anticipated solar energy, the cost of transporting diesel fuel to a remote location and a five year projection of load demand, a method to size the PV array, battery and diesel for least cost is developed.
O`Sullivan, G. [Abacus Controls, Inc., Somerville, NJ (United States); Bonn, R.; Bower, W. [Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Gravity Waves from Thunderstorms
Gravity waves generated by severe thunderstorms in the eastern Ohio-Pennsylvania area were recorded by an array of microbarovariographs at Palisades, New York and by standard microbarographs across northeastern United States. The waves were ...
Nambath K. Balachandran
Two U.S. University Research Reactors to be Converted From Highly...
are here Home Two U.S. University Research Reactors to be Converted From Highly Enriched Uranium to Low-Enriched Uranium Two U.S. University Research Reactors to be Converted...
Design and characterization of a radio-frequency dc/dc power converter
The use of radio-frequency (RF) amplifier topologies in dc/dc power converters allows the operating frequency to be increased by more than two orders of magnitude over the frequency of conventional converters. This enables ...
Jackson, David A. (David Alexander)
Blind calibration of timing skew in time-interleaved analog-to-digital converters
The performance of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converters is often significantly degraded by timing mismatch errors. We develop methods for performing blind calibration of such converters, i.e., for estimating the ...
Divi, Vijay
Custom DC-DC converters for distributing power in SLHC trackers
A power distribution scheme based on the use of on-board DC-DC converters is proposed to efficiently distribute power to the on-detector electronics of SLHC trackers. A comparative analysis of different promising converter topologies is presented, leading to the choice of a magneticbased buck converter as a first conversion stage followed by an on-chip switched capacitors converter. An overall efficiency above 80% is estimated for the practical implementation proposed.
Allongue, B; Blanchot, G; Faccio, F; Fuentes, C; Mattavelli, P; Michelis, S; Orlandis, S; Spiazzi, G
A Decentralized Protection Scheme for Converters Utilizing a DC-link Inductor
, and B. Ooi. Force commutated HVDC and SVC based on phase-shifted multi-converter modules. IEEE Trans
Lipo, Thomas
MHK Technologies/SyncWave Power Resonator | Open Energy Information
Power Resonator Power Resonator < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage SyncWave Power Resonator.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Marinus Power Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Point Absorber - Floating Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 1 3 Discovery Concept Def Early Stage Dev Design Engineering Technology Description The SyncWave Power Resonator makes power by capturing the motion differential due to the phase lag between the two concentric float structures the Float and the Spar each having a very different resonance characteristic in waves The power generated from this phase lag is maximized under varying ocean wave conditions via a proprietary variable inertia tuning system SWELS located inside the central Spar Power is captured by an hydraulic power take off which drives a variable speed generator Power outputs conditioned by modern power electronics from several SyncWave Units in a wave farm will be collected and converted to in farm power in a sea bed mounted collector hub then transmitted ashore by subsea cable for interconnection to a shoreside load
The Effect of Wave Breaking on the Wave Energy Spectrum
The effect of wave breaking on the wave energy spectral shape is examined. The Stokes wave-breaking criterion is first extended to random waves and a breaking wave model is established in which the elevation of breaking waves is expressed in ...
C. C. Tung; N. E. Huang
A new arrangement of AC/DC converters for high direct-current applications
A novel AC/DC converter designed for high-output direct currents and tight output voltage regulations is introduced. The proposed converter exhibits good efficiency and very low output voltage ripple. In order to verify the performances of the four-stage ... Keywords: AC/DC converter, FFT, electrical distribution systems, high direct-current
Francesco Muzi; Luigi Passacantando
Multi-Stage Converters: A New Technology for Traction Drive Juan W. Dixon
of this drive is that the switching frequency of the Main converter is at the fundamental frequency, reducing will be the Slaves. The Main Converter works at the lower switching frequency (fundamental frequency), which, and A. Tahri, "Multilevel Converters and VAR Compensation", Chapter 25, Power Electronics Handbook
Rudnick, Hugh
Microgrid Power Electronic Converters: State of the Art and Future Challenges
Microgrid Power Electronic Converters: State of the Art and Future Challenges M. Jamil, B. Hussain converters used in microgrids. The paper focuses primarily on grid connected converters. Different topologies as they are variable in nature. Distributed generators (DG), including renewable sources, within microgrids can help
Bi-Directional DC-DC Converter for PHEV Applications
Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV) require high power density energy storage system (ESS) for hybrid operation and high energy density ESS for Electric Vehicle (EV) mode range. However, ESS technologies to maximize power density and energy density simultaneously are not commercially feasible. The use of bi-directional DC-DC converter allows use of multiple energy storage, and the flexible DC-link voltages can enhance the system efficiency and reduce component sizing. This will improve fuel consumption, increase the EV mode range, reduce the total weight, reduce battery initial and life cycle cost, and provide flexibility in system design.
Abas Goodarzi
Fast-scale bifurcation . . . converters and effects of incompatible periodicities
In this paper, we derive the discrete-time model for the power-factor-correction (PFC) buck-boost converter in terms of a stroboscopic switching map. Fast-scale instability is analysed through a fold diagram, which exposes the periodicity of the operation as well as the locations of the critical phase angles of the line voltage at which instability begins to occur along a half-line cycle. The asymmetrical locations of the critical phase angles along a half-line cycle is explained in terms of 'underdeveloped' bifurcation. Border collision bifurcations are observed and analysed in detail.
Jianlong Zou; Xikui Ma; Chi K. Tse; Dong Dai
Light-weight DC to very high voltage DC converter
A DC-DC converter capable of generating outputs of 100 KV without a transformer comprises a silicon opening switch (SOS) diode connected to allow a charging current from a capacitor to flow into an inductor. When a specified amount of charge has flowed through the SOS diode, it opens up abruptly; and the consequential collapsing field of the inductor causes a voltage and current reversal that is steered into a load capacitor by an output diode. A switch across the series combination of the capacitor, inductor, and SOS diode closes to periodically reset the SOS diode by inducing a forward-biased current.
Druce, Robert L. (Union City, CA); Kirbie, Hugh C. (Dublin, CA); Newton, Mark A. (Livermore, CA)
A DC-DC converter capable of generating outputs of 100 KV without a transformer comprises a silicon opening switch (SOS) diode connected to allow a charging current from a capacitor to flow into an inductor. When a specified amount of charge has flowed through the SOS diode, it opens up abruptly; and the consequential collapsing field of the inductor causes a voltage and current reversal that is steered into a load capacitor by an output diode. A switch across the series combination of the capacitor, inductor, and SOS diode closes to periodically reset the SOS diode by inducing a forward-biased current. 1 fig.
Druce, R.L.; Kirbie, H.C.; Newton, M.A.
Harmonic measurements from a group connected generator HVdc converter scheme
A recent CIGRE document published in ELECTRA has described the potential benefits of a direct connection of generators to HVdc converters. While many theoretical contributions have been made, no practical test data has become available so far. This paper reports on harmonic tests carried out at the Benmore end of the New Zealand HVdc link operating as a group connected scheme. It was found that the measured harmonic current levels were well below specified generator ratings. Dynamic simulation accurately predicted the harmonic currents whereas the results of a steady state formulation were less reliable.
Macdonald, S.J.; Enright, W.; Arrillaga, J. [Univ. of Canterbury, Christchurch (New Zealand); O`Brien, M.T.
dc-to-ac power converter for fuel cell system
As the interface between fuel cells and the utility line, a self-commutated inverter is preferred to a line-commutated inverter because of its easy controllability. Using the gate turn off (GTO) thyristors, this inverter can have high efficiency and simple circuit configurations. This paper describes the design features and test results of the dc-to-ac power converter, which is principally composed of four-phase transistor chopper and 12-pulse GTO inverter, for a 50kW experimental fuel cell power system. Furthermore, new GTO inverter which improves the circuit efficiency is presented. Special emphasis is placed on a detailed analysis and evaluation of this GTO inverter.
Kawabata, T.; Asaeda, T.; Hamasaki, Y.; Yutani, T.
Triple voltage dc-to-dc converter and method
A circuit and method of providing three dc voltage buses and transforming power between a low voltage dc converter and a high voltage dc converter, by coupling a primary dc power circuit and a secondary dc power circuit through an isolation transformer; providing the gating signals to power semiconductor switches in the primary and secondary circuits to control power flow between the primary and secondary circuits and by controlling a phase shift between the primary voltage and the secondary voltage. The primary dc power circuit and the secondary dc power circuit each further comprising at least two tank capacitances arranged in series as a tank leg, at least two resonant switching devices arranged in series with each other and arranged in parallel with the tank leg, and at least one voltage source arranged in parallel with the tank leg and the resonant switching devices, said resonant switching devices including power semiconductor switches that are operated by gating signals. Additional embodiments having a center-tapped battery on the low voltage side and a plurality of modules on both the low voltage side and the high voltage side are also disclosed for the purpose of reducing ripple current and for reducing the size of the components.
Su, Gui-Jia (Knoxville, TN)
Substantial progress in engine emission control is needed in order to meet present and proposed regulations for both spark ignition and diesel engines. Tightening regulations throughout the world reflect the ongoing concern with vehicle emissions. Recently developed compact plasmatron fuel converters have features that are suitable for onboard production of hydrogen for both fuel pretreatment and for exhaust aftertreatment applications. Systems that make use of these devices in conjunction with aftertreatment catalysts have the potential to improve significantly prospects for reduction of diesel engine emissions. Plasmatron fuel converters can provide a rapid response compact means to transform efficiently a wide range of hydrocarbon fuels into hydrogen rich gas. They have been used to reform natural gas [Bromberg1], gasoline [Green], diesel [Bromberg2] and hard-to-reform biofuels [Cohn1] into hydrogen rich gas (H2 + CO). The development of these devices has been pursued for the purpose of reducing engine exhaust pollutants by providing hydrogen rich gas for combustion in spark ignition and possibly diesel engines, as shown in Figure 1 [Cohn2]. Recent developments in compact plasmatron reformer design at MIT have resulted in substantial decreases in electrical power requirements. These new developments also increase the lifetime of the electrodes.
Bromberg, L
High voltage dc-dc converter with dynamic voltage regulation and decoupling during load-generated arcs
A high-power power supply produces a controllable, constant high voltage output under varying and arcing loads. The power supply includes a voltage regulator, an inductor, an inverter for producing a high frequency square wave current of alternating polarity, an improved inverter voltage clamping circuit, a step up transformer, an output rectifier for producing a dc voltage at the output of each module, and a current sensor for sensing output current. The power supply also provides dynamic response to varying loads by controlling the voltage regulator duty cycle and circuitry is provided for sensing incipient arc currents at the output of the power supply to simultaneously decouple the power supply circuitry from the arcing load. The power supply includes a plurality of discrete switching type dc--dc converter modules.
Shimer, Daniel W. (Danville, CA); Lange, Arnold C. (Livermore, CA)
High voltage dc--dc converter with dynamic voltage regulation and decoupling during load-generated arcs
A high-power power supply produces a controllable, constant high voltage output under varying and arcing loads. The power supply includes a voltage regulator, an inductor, an inverter for producing a high frequency square wave current of alternating polarity, an improved inverter voltage clamping circuit, a step up transformer, an output rectifier for producing a dc voltage at the output of each module, and a current sensor for sensing output current. The power supply also provides dynamic response to varying loads by controlling the voltage regulator duty cycle and circuitry is provided for sensing incipient arc currents at the output of the power supply to simultaneously decouple the power supply circuitry from the arcing load. The power supply includes a plurality of discrete switching type dc--dc converter modules. 5 Figs.
Shimer, D.W.; Lange, A.C.
Radiation waves can be detected by simultaneously measuring radiation- wave intensities at a plurality of space-distributed points and producing therefrom a plot of the wave intensity as a function of time. To this end. a detector system is provided which includes a plurality of nuclear radiation intensity detectors spaced at equal radial increments of distance from a source of nuclear radiation. Means are provided to simultaneously sensitize the detectors at the instant a wave of radiation traverses their positions. the detectors producing electrical pulses indicative of wave intensity. The system further includes means for delaying the pulses from the detectors by amounts proportional to the distance of the detectors from the source to provide an indication of radiation-wave intensity as a function of time.
Wouters, L.F.
electromagnetic wave travels through the rods along their axes it receives a 1/4 period of phase delay be- ... delay, creating positive interference that effectively
Trimodal steady water waves
We construct three-dimensional families of small-amplitude gravity-driven rotational steady water waves on finite depth. The solutions contain counter-currents and multiple crests in each minimal period. Each such wave generically is a combination of three different Fourier modes, giving rise to a rich and complex variety of wave patterns. The bifurcation argument is based on a blow-up technique, taking advantage of three parameters associated with the vorticity distribution, the strength of the background stream, and the period of the wave.
Mats Ehrnström; Erik Wahlén
RFI Comments - Wave Systems
... These attacks, such as those planted by rootkits ... PwC leveraged the power of TPMs to ... Wave EMBASSY® Remote Administration Server (ERAS) has ...
owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration. SAND # 2013-8893 P WAVE REFLE TOR
Collapse of Alfven waves
The growth rates are calculated for the collapse of Alfven waves in a low-..beta.. plasma. The relationship to rf heating is discussed.(AIP)
Erokhin, N.S.; Moiseev, S.S.; Mukhin, V.V.
Energy Basics: Wave Energy
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
Energy Basics Renewable Energy Printable Version Share this resource Biomass Geothermal Hydrogen Hydropower Ocean Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Tidal Energy Wave Energy...
Neutronic design studies for the MIT fission converter beam
Currently available epithermal neutron beams at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) are not sufficiently intense to meet the anticipated demand for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) treatments if initial, currently in progress clinical trials of BNCT prove successful. Indeed, they are not really adequate for extensive (phase-III) clinical trials. To fulfill this need, a high-intensity, high-quality fission converter-based epithermal neutron beam for BNCT has been designed for the MIT Research Reactor, (MITR-II). This epithermal neutron beam, capable of delivering treatments in a few minutes with negligible beam background contamination, would be installed in the present thermal column and hohlraum of the MITR-II.
Kiger, W.S. III; Harling, O.K. [Massachusetts Inst. of Technology, Cambridge, MA (United States)
A Study of Radiative Bottomonium Transitions using Converted Photons
The authors use (111 {+-} 1) million {Upsilon}(3S) and (89 {+-} 1) million {Upsilon}(2S) events recorded by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II B-factory at SLAC to perform a study of radiative transitions betwen bottomonium states using photons that have been converted to e{sup +}e{sup -} pairs by the detector material. They observe {Upsilon}(3S) {yields} {gamma}{chi}{sub b0,2}(1P) decay, make precise measurements of the branching fractions for {chi}{sub b1,2}(1P, 2P) {yields} {gamma}{Upsilon}(1S) and {chi}{sub b1,2}(2P) {yields} {gamma}{Upsilon}(2S) decays, and search for radiative decay to the {eta}{sub b}(1S) and {eta}{sub b}(2S) states.
Lees, J.P.; Poireau, V.; Prencipe, E.; Tisserand, V.; /Annecy, LAPP; Garra Tico, J.; Grauges, E.; /Barcelona U., ECM; Martinelli, M.; /INFN, Bari /Bari U.; Milanes, D.A.; /INFN, Bari; Palano, A.; Pappagallo, M.; /INFN, Bari /Bari U.; Eigen, G.; Stugu, B.; Sun, L.; /Bergen U.; Brown, D.N.; Kerth, L.T.; Kolomensky, Yu.G.; Lynch, G.; /UC, Berkeley; Koch, H.; Schroeder, T.; /Ruhr U., Bochum; Asgeirsson, D.J.; Hearty, C.; /British Columbia U. /Brunel U. /Novosibirsk, IYF /UC, Irvine /UC, Riverside /UC, Santa Barbara /UC, Santa Cruz /Caltech /Cincinnati U. /Colorado U. /Colorado State U. /Dortmund U. /Dresden, Tech. U. /Ecole Polytechnique /Edinburgh U. /INFN, Ferrara /INFN, Ferrara /Ferrara U. /INFN, Ferrara /Frascati /INFN, Genoa /Genoa U. /INFN, Genoa /INFN, Genoa /Genoa U. /INFN, Genoa /Indian Inst. Tech., Guwahati /Harvard U. /Harvey Mudd Coll. /Heidelberg U. /Humboldt U., Berlin /Imperial Coll., London /Iowa State U. /Iowa State U. /Johns Hopkins U. /Paris U., VI-VII /LLNL, Livermore /Liverpool U. /Queen Mary, U. of London /Royal Holloway, U. of London /Royal Holloway, U. of London /Louisville U. /Mainz U., Inst. Kernphys. /Manchester U. /Maryland U. /Massachusetts U., Amherst /MIT /McGill U. /INFN, Milan /Milan U. /INFN, Milan /INFN, Milan /Milan U. /Mississippi U. /Montreal U. /INFN, Naples /Naples U. /NIKHEF, Amsterdam /NIKHEF, Amsterdam /Notre Dame U. /Ohio State U. /Oregon U. /INFN, Padua /Padua U. /INFN, Padua /INFN, Padua /Padua U. /Paris U., VI-VII /INFN, Perugia /Perugia U. /INFN, Pisa /Pisa U. /INFN, Pisa /Pisa, Scuola Normale Superiore /INFN, Pisa /Pisa U. /INFN, Pisa /INFN, Pisa /Pisa U. /INFN, Pisa /Princeton U. /INFN, Rome /INFN, Rome /Rome U. /INFN, Rome /INFN, Rome /Rome U. /INFN, Rome /Rostock U. /Rutherford /DAPNIA, Saclay /SLAC /South Carolina U. /Southern Methodist U. /Stanford U., Phys. Dept. /SUNY, Albany /Tel Aviv U. /Tennessee U. /Texas Nuclear Corp., Austin /Texas U., Dallas /INFN, Turin /Turin U. /INFN, Trieste /Trieste U. /Valencia U. /Victoria U. /Warwick U. /Wisconsin U., Madison
Low Head, Vortex Induced Vibrations River Energy Converter
Vortex Induced Vibrations Aquatic Clean Energy (VIVACE) is a novel, demonstrated approach to extracting energy from water currents. This invention is based on a phenomenon called Vortex Induced Vibrations (VIV), which was first observed by Leonardo da Vinci in 1504AD. He called it 'Aeolian Tones.' For decades, engineers have attempted to prevent this type of vibration from damaging structures, such as offshore platforms, nuclear fuel rods, cables, buildings, and bridges. The underlying concept of the VIVACE Converter is the following: Strengthen rather than spoil vortex shedding; enhance rather than suppress VIV; harness rather than mitigate VIV energy. By maximizing and utilizing this unique phenomenon, VIVACE takes this "problem" and successfully transforms it into a valuable resource for mankind.
Bernitsas, Michael B.; Dritz, Tad
NETL: News Release - Converting Coal Wastes to Clean Energy
November 28, 2000 November 28, 2000 Converting Coal Wastes to Clean Energy DOE to Scale Up 3 Projects That Upgrade Coal Fines, Wastes PITTSBURGH, PA - Three new technologies that can help the nation's coal industry turn waste into energy are now ready for scale up, the U.S. Department of Energy said today. MORE INFO Solid Fuels & Feedstocks Program Each of the three recover carbon-rich materials that in the past have been discarded during coal mining and cleaning operations. Using innovative approaches, the technologies remove unwanted water and other impurities and upgrade the waste materials into clean-burning fuels for power plants. The three were first selected for smaller-scale research in August 1998 as part of the Energy Department's Fossil Energy "solid fuels and feedstocks"
Fluoride-containing wastewater converted to synthetic fluorspar
In the manufacture of uranium hexafluoride, sulfur hexafluoride, iodine pentafluoride, and antimony pentafluoride, the Allied Corporation's Metropolis Works (Metropolis, IL) generates approximately 250,000 gpd of process wastewater which contains substantial amounts of soluble fluoride. Most of the wastewater is also acidic. Alkaline waste and hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide) in a pair of neutralizers are used to precipitate the soluble fluoride as calcium fluoride. Due to the alkalinity, the material is considered a hazardous waste. The limited availability of land suitable for the construction of impoundment basins and the potential for eventual seepage from the basins presented a challenge to the management and technical staff at the Metropolis Works situation on-site. Efforts were directed toward developing a process to convert the calcium fluoride waste into a useful product. Excess lime waste could be converted to 90% CaF/sub 2/ by neutralizing the lime with hydrofluoric acid. The 90% CaF/sub 2/, closely resembling fluorspar, would be able to be used directly at other Allied plants as a substitute for natural fluorspar in the production of anhydrous hydrofluoric (AHF) acid. Engineering efforts to design a full-scale plant for the recovery of CaF/sub 2/ began in mid-1980. Construction of the plant begin in July, 1981. Since startup in mid-1982, the full scale recovery plant has been in continuous operation. Design capacity is 8000 tons/yr of synthetic fluorspar. The synthetic fluorspar is directly replacing an equivalent amount of imported natural fluorspar in the production of anhydrous hydrofluoric acid. Total cost to construct the CaF/sub 2/ recovery plant was $4.3 million. Currently realized cost savings of about $1 million/yr give the project an expected payback period of under five years.
Cipolla, A.J.; Shields, E.J.; Wickersham, C.P.; Toy, D.A.
Free-Wave Energy Dissipation in Experimental Breaking Waves
Several transient wave trains containing an isolated plunging or spilling breaker at a prescribed location were generated in a two-dimensional wave flume using an energy focusing technique. Surface elevation measurements of each transient wave ...
Eustorgio Meza; Jun Zhang; Richard J. Seymour
Ultrasonic probe deployment device for increased wave transmission and rapid area scan inspections
An ultrasonic probe deployment device in which an ultrasound-transmitting liquid forms the portion of the ultrasonic wave path in contact with the surface being inspected (i.e., the inspection surface). A seal constrains flow of the liquid, for example preventing the liquid from surging out and flooding the inspection surface. The seal is not rigid and conforms to variations in the shape and unevenness of the inspection surface, thus forming a seal (although possibly a leaky seal) around the liquid. The probe preferably is held in place to produce optimum ultrasonic focus on the area of interest. Use of encoders can facilitate the production of C-scan area maps of the material being inspected.
DiMambro, Joseph; Roach, Dennis P; Rackow, Kirk A; Nelson, Ciji L; Dasch, Cameron J; Moore, David G
DiMambro, Joseph (Placitas, NM); Roach, Dennis P. (Albuquerque, NM); Rackow, Kirk A. (Albuquerque, NM); Nelson, Ciji L. (Albuquerque, NM); Dasch, Cameron J. (Boomfield Hills, MI); Moore, David G. (Albuquerque, NM)
U-120: RSA SecurID Software Token Converter Unspecified Buffer Overflow
0: RSA SecurID Software Token Converter Unspecified Buffer 0: RSA SecurID Software Token Converter Unspecified Buffer Overflow Vulnerability U-120: RSA SecurID Software Token Converter Unspecified Buffer Overflow Vulnerability March 8, 2012 - 7:00am Addthis PROBLEM: RSA SecurID Software Token Converter Unspecified Buffer Overflow Vulnerability PLATFORM: RSA SecurID Software Token Converter 2.x ABSTRACT: Successful exploitation may allow execution of arbitrary code. reference LINKS: Secunia Advisory SA48297 CVE-2012-0397 IMPACT ASSESSMENT: High Discussion: A vulnerability has been reported in RSA SecurID Software Token Converter, which can be exploited by malicious people to compromise a user's system. Impact: An unspecified error can be exploited to cause a buffer overflow. Solution: Update to version 2.6.1. Addthis Related Articles
Resonantly Forced Rossby Waves
A shallow, rotating layer of fluid that supports Rossby waves is subjected to turbulent friction through an Ekman layer at the bottom and is driven by a wave that exerts a shear stress on the upper boundary and for which the phase approximate ...
John Miles
Design and characterization of a 0.35 micron CMOS voltage-to-current converter
This work presents the design and characterization of a CMOS voltage-to-current (V-I) converter with a current range from -100 ?A to 100 ?A. The V-I converter has a power consumption of approximately 0.6 mW and its final area was 0.022 mm2 ... Keywords: current reference, system on chip, voltage-to-current converter
Genival Mariano de Araujo; Heider Marconi G. Madureira; José Camargo da Costa
An Integrated Onboard Charger and Accessary Power Converter for Plug-in Electric Vehicles
Abstract: In this paper, an integrated onboard battery charger and accessary dc-dc converter for plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) is presented. The idea is to utilize the already available traction drive inverters and motors of a PEV as the frond converter of the charger circuit and the transformer of the 14 V accessary dc-dc converter to provide galvanic isolation. The topology was verified by modeling and experimental results on a 5 kW charger prototype
Su, Gui-Jia [ORNL; Tang, Lixin [ORNL
Wave Energy Conversion Technology
Wave Energy Conversion Technology Wave Energy Conversion Technology Speaker(s): Mirko Previsic Date: August 2, 2001 - 12:00pm Location: Bldg. 90 Seminar Host/Point of Contact: Julie Osborn Scientists have been working on wave power conversion for the past twenty years, but recent advances in offshore and IT technologies have made it economically competitive. Sea Power & Associates is a Berkeley-based renewable energy technology company. We have developed patented technology to generate electricity from ocean wave energy using a system of concrete buoys and highly efficient hydraulic pumps. Our mission is to provide competitively priced, non-polluting, renewable energy for coastal regions worldwide. Mirko Previsic, founder and CEO, of Sea Power & Associates will discuss ocean wave power, existing technologies for its conversion into
Wave Mechanics without Probability
The behavior of monochromatic electromagnetic waves in stationary media is shown to be ruled by a frequency dependent function, which we call Wave Potential, encoded in the structure of the Helmholtz equation. Contrary to the common belief that the very concept of "ray trajectory" is reserved to the eikonal approximation, a general and exact ray-based Hamiltonian treatment, reducing to the eikonal approximation in the absence of Wave Potential, shows that its presence induces a mutual, perpendicular ray-coupling, which is the one and only cause of any typically wave-like phenomenon, such as diffraction and interference. Recalling, then, that the time-independent Schroedinger and Klein-Gordon equations (associating stationary "matter waves" to mono-energetic particles) are themselves Helmholtz-like equations, the exact, ray-based treatment developed for classical electromagnetic waves is extended - without resorting to statistical concepts - to the exact, trajectory-based Hamiltonian dynamics of mono-energetic point-like particles, both in the non-relativistic and in the relativistic case. The trajectories turn out to be perpendicularly coupled, once more, by an exact, stationary, energy-dependent Wave Potential, coinciding in the form, but not in the physical meaning, with the statistical, time-varying, energy-independent "Quantum Potential" of Bohm's theory, which views particles, just like the standard Copenhagen interpretation, as traveling wave-packets. These results, together with the connection which is shown to exist between Wave Potential and Uncertainty Principle, suggest a novel, non-probabilistic interpretation of Wave Mechanics.
Adriano Orefice; Raffaele Giovanelli; Domenico Ditto
Kinetic Alfven Waves at the Magnetopause--Mode Conversion, Transport and Formation of LLBL
At the magnetopause, large amplitude, low-frequency (ULF), transverse MHD waves are nearly always observed. These waves likely result from mode conversion of compressional MHD waves observed in the magnetosheath to kinetic Alfven waves at the magnetopause where there is a steep gradient in the Alfven velocity [Johnson and Cheng, Geophys. Res. Lett. 24 (1997) 1423]. The mode-conversion process can explain the following wave observations typically found during satellite crossings of the magnetopause: (1) a dramatic change in wave polarization from compressional in the magnetosheath to transverse at the magnetopause, (2) an amplification of wave amplitude at the magnetopause, (3) a change in Poynting flux from cross-field in the magnetosheath to field-aligned at the magnetopause, and (4) a steepening in the wave power spectrum at the magnetopause. We examine magnetic field data from a set of ISEE1, ISEE2, and WIND magnetopause crossings and compare with the predictions of theoretical wave solutions based on the kinetic-fluid model with particular attention to the role of magnetic field rotation across the magnetopause. The results of the study suggest a good qualitative agreement between the observations and the theory of mode conversion to kinetic Alfven waves. Because mode-converted kinetic Alfven waves readily decouple particles from the magnetic field lines, efficient quasilinear transport (D {approx} 109m2/s) can occur. Moreover, if the wave amplitude is sufficiently large (Bwave/B0 > 0.2) stochastic particle transport also occurs. This wave-induced transport can lead to significant heating and particle entry into the low latitude boundary layer across closed field lines.At the magnetopause, large amplitude, low-frequency (ULF), transverse MHD waves are nearly always observed. These waves likely result from mode conversion of compressional MHD waves observed in the magnetosheath to kinetic Alfven waves at the magnetopause where there is a steep gradient in the Alfven velocity [Johnson and Cheng, Geophys. Res. Lett. 24 (1997) 1423]. The mode-conversion process can explain the following wave observations typically found during satellite crossings of the magnetopause: (1) a dramatic change in wave polarization from compressional in the magnetosheath to transverse at the magnetopause, (2) an amplification of wave amplitude at the magnetopause, (3) a change in Poynting flux from cross-field in the magnetosheath to field-aligned at the magnetopause, and (4) a steepening in the wave power spectrum at the magnetopause. We examine magnetic field data from a set of ISEE1, ISEE2, and WIND magnetopause crossings and compare with the predictions of theoretical wave solutions based on the kinetic-fluid model with particular attention to the role of magnetic field rotation across the magnetopause. The results of the study suggest a good qualitative agreement between the observations and the theory of mode conversion to kinetic Alfven waves. Because mode-converted kinetic Alfven waves readily decouple particles from the magnetic field lines, efficient quasilinear transport (D {approx} 10{sup 9}m{sup 2}/s) can occur. Moreover, if the wave amplitude is sufficiently large (B{sub wave}/B{sub 0} > 0.2) stochastic particle transport also occurs. This wave-induced transport can lead to significant heating and particle entry into the low latitude boundary layer across closed field lines.
Jay R. Johnson; C.Z. Cheng
New Family of Multilevel Matrix Converters for Wind Power Applications: Final Report, July 2002 - March 2006
The goal of this project was to develop a new modular multilevel matrix converter for wind power applications and to demonstrate a working scale model in the laboratory.
Erickson, R.; Angkititrakul, S.; Almazeedi, K.
Gasification is used to convert a solid feedstock, such as coal...
can be captured and disposed of or converted to useful products more easily with gasification-based technologies compared to conventional combustion of solid feedstocks....
Index of /~jborwein/Expbook/Manuscript/Graphics files/please_convert
Index of /~jborwein/Expbook/Manuscript/Graphics files/please_convert. Icon Name Last modified Size Description. [DIR] Parent Directory - [DIR] ...
What are Ccf, Mcf, Btu, and therms? How do I convert prices in ...
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
Natural Gas Conversion Calculator. Last updated: March 20, 2013. Other FAQs about Conversion & Equivalents. How do I convert between short tons and metric tons?
How do I convert between short tons and metric tons? - FAQ - U ...
Other FAQs about Conversion & Equivalents. How do I convert between short tons and metric tons? How do I compare heating fuels?
Bibliography on overvoltage protection and insulation coordination of HVDC converter stations, 1979-1989
This bibliography is a listing of references on the subject of overvoltage protection and insulation coordination of HVDC converter stations, for the years 1979 through 1989.
Wave Energy | Open Energy Information
TODO: Add description List of Wave Energy Incentives Retrieved from "http:en.openei.orgwindex.php?titleWaveEnergy&oldid267203" Category: Articles with outstanding TODO tasks...
Wave Energy | Department of Energy
turn, rotates a turbine. Specially built seagoing vessels can also capture the energy of offshore waves. These floating platforms create electricity by funneling waves through...
Evaluation of a Wind-Wave System for Ensemble Tropical Cyclone Wave Forecasting. Part II: Waves
A wind-wave forecast system, designed with the intention of generating unbiased ensemble wave forecasts for extreme wind events, is assessed. Wave hindcasts for 12 tropical cyclones (TCs) are forced using a wind analysis produced from a ...
Steven M. Lazarus; Samuel T. Wilson; Michael E. Splitt; Gary A. Zarillo
Measured and projected performance of plasma direct converters
Test results from two plasma direct converters and their predicted cost and performance on tandem mirror fusion reactors are present. The tests were done at high power density (approx. 70 W/cm/sup 2/) in steady state to simulate the predicted conditions in a reactor. A single stage unit and a two-stage unit of the Venetian blind type were tested at up to 100 kV and 6 kW for a total time of about 80 hours. Measured efficiencies, when projected to a reactor, are typically about 50% for a single stage unit and 60 to 70% for a two-stage unit, depending on the energy distribution of the ions, the degree of subdivision of the collectors, and on the gas pressure. The high ambipolar potential in tandem mirror devices makes this good efficiency possible. When radiatively cooled grids are used, the incident power density is limited to about 100 W/cm/sup 2/ by the thermionic emission of electrons.
Barr, W.L.; Moir, R.W.
Analysis of electron transport in the plasma of thermionic converters
Electron transport coefficients of a gaseous ensemble are expressed analytically as function of density, and are expressed analytically as function of temperature up to an unknown function which has to be evaluated for each specific electron-neutral atom cross section. In order to complete the analytical temperature dependence one may introduce a polynomial expansion of the function or one may derive the temperature dependence of a set of coefficients, numbering thirteen for a third approximation transport evaluation, which completely determine the transport coefficients. The latter approach is used for determining the electron transport coefficients of a cesium plasma for any ion neutral composition and any temperature between 500/sup 0/K and 3500/sup 0/K. The relation between the transport coefficients of a fully and partly ionized gas is readily available and shows that, in the classical formalism, electron-ion and electron-neutral resistivities are not additive. The present form of the transport coefficients makes possible an accurate numerical integration of transport equations eliminating lengthy computations which are frequently inaccessible. It thus provides a detailed knowledge of spatial distribution of particle and energy transport and makes possible the determination of one of the three internal voltage drops, surface barrier, sheath and plasma, which are linked together experimentally by current density versus voltage characteristics of thermionic converters.
Stoenescu, M.L.; Heinicke, P.H.
Advanced Gate Drive for the SNS High Voltage Converter Modulator
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory is developing a next generation H-bridge switch plate [1], a critical component of the SNS High Voltage Converter Modulator [2]. As part of that effort, a new IGBT gate driver has been developed. The drivers are an integral part of the switch plate, which are essential to ensuring fault-tolerant, high-performance operation of the modulator. The redesigned driver improves upon the existing gate drive in several ways. The new gate driver has improved fault detection and suppression capabilities; suppression of shoot-through and over-voltage conditions, monitoring of dI/dt and Vce(sat) for fast over-current detection and suppression, and redundant power isolation are some of the added features. In addition, triggering insertion delay is reduced by a factor of four compared to the existing driver. This paper details the design and performance of the new IGBT gate driver. A simplified schematic and description of the construction are included. The operation of the fast over-current detection circuits, active IGBT over-voltage protection circuit, shoot-through prevention circuitry, and control power isolation breakdown detection circuit are discussed.
Nguyen, M.N.; Burkhart, C.; Kemp, M.A.; /SLAC; Anderson, D.E.; /Oak Ridge
A local fitting algorithm for converting planar curves to
In this paper we present a local fitting algorithm for converting smooth planar curves to B-splines. For a smooth planar curve a set of points together with their tangent vectors are first sampled from the curve such that the connected polygon approximates the curve with high accuracy and inflexions are detected by the sampled data efficiently. Then, a G 1 continuous Bézier spline curve is obtained by fitting the sampled data with shape preservation as well as within a prescribed accuracy. Finally, the Bézier spline is merged into a C 2 continuous B-spline curve by subdivision and control points adjustment. The merging is guaranteed to be within another error bound and with no more inflexions than the Bézier spline. In addition to shape preserving and error control, this conversion algorithm also benefits that the knots are selected automatically and adaptively according to local shape and error bound. A few experimental results are included to demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the algorithm. Keywords: curve conversion; B-spline curve; cubic Bézier curve; knot selection; shape preserving 1.
unknown authors
Thermal analysis and testing of a vacuum insulated catalytic converter
Based on a recent US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) study, about 95% of all trips start after a cold-soak period of 16 hours or less. By preserving the heat in the catalyst between trips, exhaust gases could be processed without warm-up delay and without the usual cold-start emissions. Vacuum insulation and phase-change thermal storage have been incorporated into a catalytic converter design to enhance its heat-retention time. Laboratory testing of a bench-scale prototype showed that a ``light off`` temperature (above 350 C) could be maintained during a 10-hour cold soak. Design improvements currently being tested should increase this heat-retention time to more than 16 hours. The thermal conductance of the vacuum insulation will be made continuously variable to prevent overheating and excessive thermal cycling. This approach to thermal management may be more durable and less costly than quick-heat methods using electric or fuel-fired preheat catalysts.
Burch, S D; Potter, T F; Keyser, M A; Benson, D K
Technical Letter Report Assessment of Ultrasonic Phased Array Inspection Method for Welds in Cast Austenitic Stainless Steel Pressurizer Surge Line Piping JCN N6398, Task 1B
Research is being conducted for the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to assess the effectiveness and reliability of advanced nondestructive examination (NDE) methods for the inspection of light water reactor components. The scope of this research encompasses primary system pressure boundary materials including cast austenitic stainless steels (CASS); dissimilar metal welds; piping with corrosion-resistant cladding; weld overlays, inlays and onlays; and far-side examinations of austenitic piping welds. A primary objective of this work is to evaluate various NDE methods to assess their ability to detect, localize, and size cracks in coarse-grained steel components. In this effort, PNNL supports cooperation with Commissariat ŕ l'Energie Atomique (CEA) to assess reliable inspection of CASS materials. The NRC Project Manager has established a cooperative effort with the Institut de Radioprotection et de Surete Nucleaire (IRSN). CEA, under funding from IRSN, are supporting collaborative efforts with the NRC and PNNL. Regarding its work on the NDE of materials, CEA is providing its modeling software (CIVA) in exchange for PNNL offering expertise and data related to phased-array detection and sizing, acoustic attenuation, and back scattering on CASS materials. This collaboration benefits the NRC because CEA performs research and development on CASS for Électricité de France (EdF). This technical letter report provides a summary of a technical evaluation aimed at assessing the capabilities of phased-array (PA) ultrasonic testing (UT) methods as applied to the inspection of welds in CASS pressurizer (PZR) surge line nuclear reactor piping. A set of thermal fatigue cracks (TFCs) was implanted into three CASS PZR surge-line specimens (pipe-to-elbow welds) that were fabricated using vintage CASS materials formed in the 1970s, and flaw responses from these cracks were used to evaluate detection and sizing performance of the PA-UT methods applied. This effort was comprised of multiple elements that included use of microstructural knowledge (dimensional analysis, grain orientation, and grain type) as well as sound field modeling to more effectively modify inspection parameters and enhance the inspection outcomes. Advanced probe design and sound field simulations were employed to enhance detection and characterization of circumferentially oriented flaws, and an assessment of lateral (circumferential) flaw localization capability and performance was also conducted. An evaluation of flaw detection, length sizing, depth sizing, and signal-to-noise ratio was performed for all flaws in the subject specimens, as a function of various inspection parameters, and finally, measurements were made to quantify and assess the baseline CASS material noise and its potential impact on flaw detection.
Diaz, Aaron A.; Cinson, Anthony D.; Crawford, Susan L.; Mathews, Royce; Moran, Traci L.; Anderson, Michael T.
wave | OpenEI
9 9 Varnish cache server Browse Upload data GDR 429 Throttled (bot load) Error 429 Throttled (bot load) Throttled (bot load) Guru Meditation: XID: 2142281559 Varnish cache server wave Dataset Summary Description This project estimates the naturally available and technically recoverable U.S. wave energy resources, using a 51-month Wavewatch III hindcast database developed especially for this study by National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA's) National Centers for Environmental Prediction. For total resource estimation, wave power density in terms of kilowatts per meter is aggregated across a unit diameter circle. Source Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) Date Released December 05th, 2011 (3 years ago) Date Updated Unknown Keywords
Improvements in power quality and efficiency with a new AC/DC high current converter
A very flexible AC/DC converter featuring high-output current, reduced voltage ripple and highly adjustable current control is described. The whole system consists of four stages and uses a proper switching technique in conjunction with a feedback control ... Keywords: AC/DC converter, FFT, electrical distribution systems, high direct-current, power quality
Sliding Mode Control of Boost Converter: Application to energy storage system via supercapacitors
Sliding Mode Control of Boost Converter: Application to energy storage system via supercapacitors», «Robust control», «Supercapacitor». Abstract Sliding mode control of boost converter is studied. In order of an energy storage system based on supercapacitors technology in order to regulate the output voltage. Given
Observations of the mid-mantle discontinuity beneath Indonesia from S to P converted waveforms
Observations of the mid-mantle discontinuity beneath Indonesia from S to P converted waveforms a coherent discontinuity structure beneath Indonesia. Analysis of data recorded by three regional arrays from Indonesia from S to P converted waveforms, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L04302, doi:10.1029/2005GL025106. 1
Kawakatsu, Hitoshi
Experimental studies and computer simulation of the control of energy transfer using inductor-converter bridges
An inductor-converter bridge (ICB) is a solid state DC-AC-DC power converter system for bidirectional, controllable, energy transfer between two coils. The ICB is suitable for supplying large pulsed power to such magnets as the superconducting equilibrium field coil of the proposed tokamak power reactors from another superconducting energy storage coil.
Hirano, M.; Kustom, R.L.
Adaptive stabilizing control of a power system through UPFC shunt and series converters
The dynamic performance of a power system can be improved by using additional controls in a unified power flow controller (UPFC). Self-tuning adaptive control of the voltage magnitude of the series converter and phase angle of shunt converter for stabilization ... Keywords: UPFC, adaptive control, on-line identification, pole - shifting control, power system stabilizing control
A. H. M. A. Rahim; E. P. Nowicki
A 1-GSPS CMOS Flash A/D Converter for System-on-Chip Applications
Abstract: This paper presents an ultrafast CMOS flash A/D converter design and performance. Although the featured A/D converter is designed in CMOS, the performance is compatible to that of GaAs technology currently available. To achieve high-speed in ...
Jincheol Yoo; Kyusun Choi; Ali Tangel
Multiport DC/DC Converter for Stand-alone Photovoltaic Lighting System with Battery Storage
Photovoltaic energy has nowadays an increased importance in electrical power applications. However, the output power provided via the photovoltaic conversion process depends on solar irradiation and temperature. Therefore a multiple-input DC/DC converter ... Keywords: Multiport DC/DC Converter, photovoltaic (PV), battery, charge/discharge
Shengyong Liu; Xing Zhang; Haibin Guo; Jun Xie
Control of Parallel-Connected Bidirectional AC-DC Converters in Stationary Frame for Microgrid
Control of Parallel-Connected Bidirectional AC-DC Converters in Stationary Frame for Microgrid-- With the penetration of renewable energy in modern power system, microgrid has become a popular application worldwide. In this paper, parallel-connected bidirectional converters for AC and DC hybrid microgrid application
Teodorescu, Remus
Solar Power To Help Convert Carbon Dioxide Into Fuel : Renewable Energy News
Solar Power To Help Convert Carbon Dioxide Into Fuel : Renewable Energy News TUESDAY 25 MAY, 2010 | | Solar Power To Help Convert Carbon Dioxide Into Fuel by Energy Matters Microbiologist Derek Lovley dioxide into transportation fuels, with the help of special micro-organisms and solar power. The team
Lovley, Derek
Brief paper: Optimal switching instants for a switched-capacitor DC/DC power converter
We consider a switched-capacitor DC/DC power converter with variable switching instants. The determination of optimal switching instants giving low output ripple and strong load regulation is posed as a non-smooth dynamic optimization problem. By introducing ... Keywords: Control parametrization enhancing transform, Impulsive dynamical system, Power converter, Semi-infinite programming, Switched linear system
R. C. Loxton; K. L. Teo; V. Rehbock; W. K. Ling
Association of Flyback Converters to Harvest Energy from Multiple Hydraulically Connected Biofuel Cells
Biofuel cells use catalysts (chemical, enzymatic or microbial) to convert chemical energy from organic substrates into electrical energy. This paper investigates energy harvesting from several low-power biofuel cells to power a load under several volts. ... Keywords: biofuel cell, energy harvesting, power management, flyback converter, low-power supply
Nicolas Degrenne, Marilyne Boileau, Florent Morel, Firas Khaled, Olivier Ondel, Francois Buret, Bruno Allard
Structural And Economic Optimisation Of Bottom-Mounted Offshore Wind Energy Converters
A general overview is presented of the Opti-OWECS project. In several fields, support structure design, installation of the offshore wind energy converters, operation and maintenance, dynamics of the entire offshore wind energy converter, structural reliability considerations, etc., the study demonstrated new propositions which will contribute significantly to a mature offshore wind energy technology.
M. Kühn; W. A. A. M. Bierbooms; G.J.W. van Bussel; M. C. Ferguson; B. Göransson; T.T. Cockerill; R. Harrison; L.A. Harland; J. H. Vugts; R. Wiecherink; Kvaerner Turbin Ab
Developing and Simulation Research of the Control Model and Control Strategy of Static Frequency Converter
a control model and control strategy of static frequency converter (SFC) for pumped storage power plant unit is presented. Control strategy of static start-up and its mathematical model is discussed in detail. And based on the 42 poles of synchronous ... Keywords: Pumped Storage Power Plant, Static Frequency Converter, SFC, Commutation, Control
Deshun Wang; Lichun Zhang; Bo Yang; Guanjun Li; Yibin Tao; Jianzhong Fu; Jianfeng Li; Liantao Ji
Do Investment Banks' Relationships with Investors Impact Pricing? The Case of Convertible Bond Issues
This study examines the role of repeat interactions between placement agents (investment banks) and investors in the initial pricing of convertible bonds. Under the assumption that attracting repeat investors can reduce search frictions in primary issue ... Keywords: convertible bonds, corporate finance, securities issuance, underpricing
Brian J. Henderson; Heather Tookes
Simulation Research of Tap Change Control of Converter Transformers for HVDC Transmission System
High voltage direct current(HVDC) control system plays an important role for the safety of HVDC transmission system. Converter transformer tap changes control is core component of HVDC control system. Stability of HVDC transmission system operation is ... Keywords: HVDC, simulation, converter transformer, tap change control, steady process
Wang Ying; Ma Cong; Wei Wen-hui; Wang Qing-ping
EPRI Power Flow to CIM Interface: Development of Power Flow to Common Information Model (CIM) Converter
IEEE has developed a Power Systems Application Data Dictionary (PSADD) for power system data and EPRI sponsored development of a CONVERTER program to convert PTI's PSS/E's data into this format. This project will develop the common data sources (CDSs) that translate the PSADD data to/from a Common Information Model (CIM)-structured database.
Relation between verifiable random functions and convertible undeniable signatures, and new constructions
Verifiable random functions (VRF) and selectively convertible undeniable signature (SCUS) schemes were proposed independently in the literature. In this paper, we observe that they are tightly related. This directly yields several deterministic SCUS ... Keywords: selectively convertible undeniable signatures, standard model, verifiable random function
Kaoru Kurosawa; Ryo Nojima; Le Trieu Phong
CMOS flash analog-to-digital converter for high speed and low voltage applications
A CMOS flash analog-to-digital converter (ADC) designed for high speed and low voltage is presented. Using the Threshold Inverter Quantization (TIQ) comparator technique, a flash ADC can be applied to low supply voltage. A fat tree encoder that has signal ... Keywords: TIQ comparator, analog-to-digital converter, fat tree encoder, flash ADC, high speed, low voltage
Jincheol Yoo; Kyusun Choi; Jahan Ghaznavi
Traveling-wave photodetector
The traveling-wave photodetector of the present invention combines an absorptive optical waveguide and an electrical transmission line, in which optical absorption in the waveguide results in a photocurrent at the electrodes of the electrical transmission line. The optical waveguide and electrical transmission line of the electrically distributed traveling-wave photodetector are designed to achieve matched velocities between the light in the optical waveguide and electrical signal generated on the transmission line. This velocity synchronization provides the traveling-wave photodetector with a large electrical bandwidth and a high quantum efficiency, because of the effective extended volume for optical absorption. The traveling-wave photodetector also provides large power dissipation, because of its large physical size. 4 figures.
Hietala, V.M.; Vawter, G.A.
Forced Trench Waves
A general theory for forced barotropic long trench waves in the presence of linear bottom friction is presented. Two specific forcing mechanisms are considered: (i) transverse fluctuations in a western boundary current as it flows across a trench,...
Lawrence A. Mysak; Andrew J. Willmott
The traveling-wave photodetector of the present invention combines an absorptive optical waveguide and an electrical transmission line, in which optical absorption in the waveguide results in a photocurrent at the electrodes of the electrical transmission line. The optical waveguide and electrical transmission line of the electrically distributed traveling-wave photodetector are designed to achieve matched velocities between the light in the optical waveguide and electrical signal generated on the transmission line. This velocity synchronization provides the traveling-wave photodetector with a large electrical bandwidth and a high quantum efficiency, because of the effective extended volume for optical absorption. The traveling-wave photodetector also provides large power dissipation, because of its large physical size.
Hietala, Vincent M. (Placitas, NM); Vawter, Gregory A. (Albuquerque, NM)
Utility-Scale Power Router: Dynamic Control of Grid Assets Using Direct AC Converter Cells
ADEPT Project: Georgia Tech is developing a cost-effective, utility-scale power router that uses an enhanced transformer to more efficiently direct power on the grid. Existing power routing technologies are too expensive for widespread use, but the ability to route grid power to match real-time demand and power outages would significantly reduce energy costs for utilities, municipalities, and consumers. Georgia Tech is adding a power converter to an existing grid transformer to better control power flows at about 1/10th the cost of existing power routing solutions. Transformers convert the high-voltage electricity that is transmitted through the grid into the low-voltage electricity that is used by homes and businesses. The added converter uses fewer steps to convert some types of power and eliminates unnecessary power storage, among other improvements. The enhanced transformer is more efficient, and it would still work even if the converter fails, ensuring grid reliability.
Compact self-contained electrical-to-optical converter/transmitter
An electrical-to-optical converter/transmitter is disclosed. A first optical receiver and a second optical receiver are provided for receiving a calibrate command and a power switching signal, respectively, from a remote processor. A third receiver is provided for receiving an analog electrical signal from a transducer. A calibrator generates a reference signal in response to the calibrate command. A combiner mixes the electrical signal with the reference signal to form a calibrated signal. A converter converts the calibrated signal to an optical signal. A transmitter transmits the optical signal to the remote processor. A primary battery supplies power to the calibrator, the combiner, the converter, and the transmitter. An optically-activated switch supplies power to the calibrator, the combiner, the converter, and the transmitter in response to the power switching signal. An auxiliary battery supplies power continuously to the switch means.
Seligmann, D.A.; Moss, W.C.; Valk, T.C.; Conder, A.D.
Photo of the Week: Converting Solar Energy into Fuel | Department of Energy
Converting Solar Energy into Fuel Converting Solar Energy into Fuel Photo of the Week: Converting Solar Energy into Fuel May 9, 2013 - 1:13pm Addthis In this photo, Brookhaven scientist Dmitry Polyansky examines a vial containing a specialized catalyst designed to help convert solar energy into fuel. Producing clean-burning hydrogen fuel from just sunlight and water requires custom-built catalysts for water oxidation -- the part of the water-splitting process that generates oxygen atoms. A tiny amount of the solid catalyst, developed in collaboration with the University of Houston, dissolves and turns the water that lovely shade of blue. | Photo courtesy of Brookhaven National Laboratory. In this photo, Brookhaven scientist Dmitry Polyansky examines a vial containing a specialized catalyst designed to help convert solar energy
Emissions and Experiences with E85 Converted Cars in the BEST Project |
Emissions and Experiences with E85 Converted Cars in the BEST Project Emissions and Experiences with E85 Converted Cars in the BEST Project Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary LAUNCH TOOL Name: Emissions and Experiences with E85 Converted Cars in the BEST Project Agency/Company /Organization: BioEthanol for Sustainable Transport Focus Area: Fuels & Efficiency Topics: Best Practices Website: www.best-europe.org/upload/BEST_documents/info_documents/Best%20report The BioEthanol for Sustainable Transport (BEST) project converted vehicles from petrol to E85, exploring the possibilities, advantages, and any difficulties. Several suggestions are presented for how converted cars may be incorporated into Swedish government financial incentives. How to Use This Tool This tool is most helpful when using these strategies: Shift - Change to low-carbon modes
Spent fuel utilization in a compact traveling wave reactor
In recent years, several innovative designs of nuclear reactors are proposed. One of them is Traveling Wave Reactor (TWR). The unique characteristic of a TWR is the capability of breeding its own fuel in the reactor. The reactor is fueled by mostly depleted, natural uranium or spent nuclear fuel and a small amount of enriched uranium to initiate the fission process. Later on in the core, the reactor gradually converts the non-fissile material into the fissile in a process like a traveling wave. In this work, a TWR with spent nuclear fuel blanket was studied. Several parameters such as reactivity coefficients, delayed neutron fraction, prompt neutron generation lifetime, and fission power, were analyzed. The discharge burnup composition was also analyzed. The calculation is performed by a continuous energy Monte Carlo code McCARD.
Hartanto, Donny; Kim, Yonghee [Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 373-1 Kusong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701 (Korea, Republic of)
Wide input range DC-DC converter with digital control scheme
In this thesis analysis and design of a wide input range DC-DC converter is proposed along with a robust power control scheme. The proposed converter and its control is designed to be compatible to a fuel cell power source, which exhibits 2:1 voltage variation as well as a slow transient response. The proposed approach consists of two stages: a primary three-level boost converter stage cascaded with a high frequency, isolated boost converter topology, which provides a higher voltage gain and isolation from the input source. The function of the first boost converter stage is to maintain a constant voltage at the input of the cascaded DC-DC converter to ensure optimal performance characteristics with high efficiency. At the output of the first boost converter a battery or ultracapacitor energy storage is connected to take care of the fuel cell slow transient response (200 watts/min). The robust features of the proposed control system ensure a constant output DC voltage for a variety of load fluctuations, thus limiting the power being delivered by the fuel cell during a load transient. Moreover, the proposed configuration simplifies the power control management and can interact with the fuel cell controller. The simulation results and the experimental results confirm the feasibility of the proposed system.
Harfman Todorovic, Maja
A bimetal and electret-based converter for thermal energy harvesting
This paper presents a new device able to turn thermal gradients into electricity by using a bimetal-based heat engine coupled to an electrostatic converter. A two-steps conversion is performed: (i) a curved bimetallic strip turns the thermal gradient into a mechanical movement (thermal-to-mechanical conversion) that is (ii) then converted into electricity thanks to an electret-based electrostatic converter (mechanical-to-electrical conversion). An output power up to 5.5uW on a hot source at 50{\\deg}C has already been reached, validating this new concept.
Boisseau, S; Monfray, S; Puscasu, O; Skotnicki, T
This patent relates to means for ascertaining the instant of arrival of a shock wave in an exploslve charge and apparatus utilizing this means to coordinate the timing of two operations involving a short lnterval of time. A pair of spaced electrodes are inserted along the line of an explosive train with a voltage applied there-across which is insufficient to cause discharge. When it is desired to initiate operation of a device at the time the explosive shock wave reaches a particular point on the explosive line, the device having an inherent time delay, the electrodes are located ahead of the point such that the ionization of the area between the electrodes caused by the traveling explosive shock wave sends a signal to initiate operation of the device to cause it to operate at the proper time. The operated device may be photographic equipment consisting of an x-ray illuminating tube.
Tuck, J.L.
Standing wave compressor
A compressor for compression-evaporation cooling systems, which requires no moving parts. A gaseous refrigerant inside a chamber is acoustically compressed and conveyed by means of a standing acoustic wave which is set up in the gaseous refrigerant. This standing acoustic wave can be driven either by a transducer, or by direct exposure of the gas to microwave and infrared sources, including solar energy. Input and output ports arranged along the chamber provide for the intake and discharge of the gaseous refrigerant. These ports can be provided with optional valve arrangements, so as to increase the compressor's pressure differential. The performance of the compressor in either of its transducer or electromagnetically driven configurations, can be optimized by a controlling circuit. This controlling circuit holds the wavelength of the standing acoustical wave constant, by changing the driving frequency in response to varying operating conditions.
Lucas, Timothy S. (4614 River Mill Ct., Glen Allen, VA 23060)
Piezoelectric wave motor
A piezoelectric motor having a stator in which piezoelectric elements are contained in slots formed in the stator transverse to the desired wave motion. When an electric field is imposed on the elements, deformation of the elements imposes a force perpendicular to the sides of the slot, deforming the stator. Appropriate frequency and phase shifting of the electric field will produce a wave in the stator and motion in a rotor. In a preferred aspect, the piezoelectric elements are configured so that deformation of the elements in direction of an imposed electric field, generally referred to as the d.sub.33 direction, is utilized to produce wave motion in the stator. In a further aspect, the elements are compressed into the slots so as to minimize tensile stresses on the elements in use.
Yerganian, Simon Scott (Lee' s Summit, MO)
A piezoelectric motor having a stator in which piezoelectric elements are contained in slots formed in the stator transverse to the desired wave motion. When an electric field is imposed on the elements, deformation of the elements imposes a force perpendicular to the sides of the slot, deforming the stator. Appropriate frequency and phase-shifting of the electric field will produce a wave in the stator and motion in a rotor. In a preferred aspect, the piezoelectric elements are configured so that deformation of the elements in the direction of an imposed electric field, generally referred to as the d.sub.33 direction, is utilized to produce wave motion in the stator. In a further aspect, the elements are compressed into the slots so as to minimize tensile stresses on the elements in use.
A Generalized Class of Stationary Frame-Current Controllers for Grid-Connected AC–DC Converters
Within power systems, high-power pulsewidth-modulated ac-dc converters are used in flexible ac transmission systems controllers and for interfacing renewable energy sources to the grid. These converters traditionally ...
Hwang, J. George
The invention relates to a pyrotron, i.e., magnetic mirror device, designed for continuous operation in producing a high-temperature fusion reaction plasma and for directly converting the plasma energy into electrical power. The device utilizes a system in which an axially symmetric magnetic field is produced and transports plasma through a first zone of progressively rising field intensity, a second reaction zone of slowly increasing intensity, and thenceforth through a third zone of progressively decreasing intensity wherein the plasma expands against the magnetic field thereby producing electrical current in magnetic field generating solenoids associated with said third zone. (AEC)
Post, R.F.
Ultrasonic shear wave couplant
Ultrasonically testing of an article at high temperatures is accomplished by the use of a compact layer of a dry ceramic powder as a couplant in a method which involves providing an ultrasonic transducer as a probe capable of transmitting shear waves, coupling the probe to the article through a thin compact layer of a dry ceramic powder, propagating a shear wave from the probe through the ceramic powder and into the article to develop echo signals, and analyzing the echo signals to determine at least one physical characteristic of the article.
Kupperman, David S. (Oak Park, IL); Lanham, Ronald N. (Lockport, IL)
Kupperman, D.S.; Lanham, R.N.
Expanding impulsive gravitational waves
We explicitly demonstrate that the known solutions for expanding impulsive spherical gravitational waves that have been obtained by a "cut and paste" method may be considered to be impulsive limits of the Robinson-Trautman vacuum type N solutions. We extend these results to all the generically distinct subclasses of these solutions in Minkowski, de Sitter and anti-de Sitter backgrounds. For these we express the solutions in terms of a continuous metric. Finally, we also extend the class of spherical shock gravitational waves to include a non-zero cosmological constant.
J. Podolsky; J. B. Griffiths
Wave–Turbulence Interactions in a Breaking Mountain Wave
The mean and turbulent structures in a breaking mountain wave are considered through an ensemble of high-resolution (essentially large-eddy simulation) wave-breaking calculations. Of particular interest are the turbulent heat and momentum fluxes ...
Craig C. Epifanio; Tingting Qian
Effects of Long Waves on Wind-Generated Waves
A model is developed to explain the observation made in several laboratory experiments that short wind-generated waves are suppressed by a train of long, mechanically generated waves. A sheltering mechanism is responsible for generation of the ...
Gang Chen; Stephen E. Belcher
A single inductor dual input dual output DC-DC converter with hybrid supplies for solar energy harvesting applications
A single inductor dual input dual output (SIDIDO) DC-DC converter is proposed for solar energy harvesting applications. The converter supports hybrid power supplies from both the photovoltaic (PV) cells and the rechargeable battery. Apart from the conventional ... Keywords: DC-DC converter, MPPT, PV cells, dual-input-dual-output, energy harvesting, single inductor
Hui Shao; Chi-Ying Tsui; Wing-Hung Ki
Secretary Chu Announces Six Projects to Convert Captured CO2 Emissions from
Six Projects to Convert Captured CO2 Six Projects to Convert Captured CO2 Emissions from Industrial Sources into Useful Products Secretary Chu Announces Six Projects to Convert Captured CO2 Emissions from Industrial Sources into Useful Products July 22, 2010 - 12:00am Addthis Washington, D.C. - U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu announced today the selections of six projects that aim to find ways of converting captured carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from industrial sources into useful products such as fuel, plastics, cement, and fertilizers. Funded with $106 million from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act -matched with $156 million in private cost-share -today's selections demonstrate the potential opportunity to use CO2 as an inexpensive raw material that can help reduce carbon dioxide emissions while producing useful by-products that Americans
DOE Will Convert Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve to Ultra Low Sulfur
DOE Will Convert Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve to Ultra Low DOE Will Convert Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve to Ultra Low Sulfur Distillate DOE Will Convert Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve to Ultra Low Sulfur Distillate February 1, 2011 - 12:00pm Addthis Washington, DC - The current inventory of the Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve will be converted to cleaner burning ultra low sulfur distillate to comply with new, more stringent fuel standards by some Northeastern states, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) said today. The State of New York and other Northeastern states are implementing more stringent fuel standards that require replacement of high sulfur (2,000 parts per million) heating oil to ultra low sulfur fuel (15 parts per million). As a result, DOE will sell the current inventory of the Northeast
Two U.S. University Research Reactors to be Converted From Highly Enriched
U.S. University Research Reactors to be Converted From Highly U.S. University Research Reactors to be Converted From Highly Enriched Uranium to Low-Enriched Uranium Two U.S. University Research Reactors to be Converted From Highly Enriched Uranium to Low-Enriched Uranium April 11, 2005 - 11:34am Addthis WASHINGTON, D.C. - As part of the Bush administration's aggressive effort to reduce the amount of weapons-grade nuclear material worldwide, Secretary of Energy Samuel W. Bodman announced today that the Department of Energy (DOE) has begun to convert research reactors from using highly-enriched uranium (HEU) to low-enriched uranium fuel (LEU) at the University of Florida and Texas A&M University. This effort, by DOE's National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) and the Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology, are the latest steps
Weekly Wrap-Up: Testing Wind Blades, Converting Carbon Emissions, and
Weekly Wrap-Up: Testing Wind Blades, Converting Carbon Emissions, Weekly Wrap-Up: Testing Wind Blades, Converting Carbon Emissions, and Eco-Driving Weekly Wrap-Up: Testing Wind Blades, Converting Carbon Emissions, and Eco-Driving July 23, 2010 - 5:17pm Addthis Elizabeth Meckes Elizabeth Meckes Director of User Experience & Digital Technologies, Office of Public Affairs On Thursday, Secretary Chu announced six projects that aim to find ways of convert captured carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from industrial sources into useful products. The innovative projects - funded with $106 million from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act and matched with $156 million in private cost-share - will seek to use CO2 emissions from industrial sources to create useful products such as fuel, plastics, cement, and fertilizers. Find out more here.
Will Convert Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve to Ultra Low Will Convert Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve to Ultra Low Sulfur Distillate DOE Will Convert Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve to Ultra Low Sulfur Distillate February 1, 2011 - 12:00pm Addthis Washington, DC - The current inventory of the Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve will be converted to cleaner burning ultra low sulfur distillate to comply with new, more stringent fuel standards by some Northeastern states, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) said today. The State of New York and other Northeastern states are implementing more stringent fuel standards that require replacement of high sulfur (2,000 parts per million) heating oil to ultra low sulfur fuel (15 parts per million). As a result, DOE will sell the current inventory of the Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve, a total of approximately 2 million barrels, and
A zero-crossing based pipelined analog-to-digital converter with supply voltage scalibility
A zero-crossing based pipelined analog-to-digital converter (ADC) has been designed and is fabricated in a 65nm CMOS process. The highly digital implementation characteristic of the zero-crossing detection technique enables ...
Lee, Sunghyuk
Single-inductor, multiple-output buck converter with parallel source transient recovery
To address the need for multiple regulated voltage supplies in electronic devices, this thesis presents a modeling and design study of a single-inductor, multiple-output (SIMO) DC-DC buck converter with parallel source ...
King, Charles Jackson, III
A first optical receiver and a second optical receiver are provided for receiving a calibrate command and a power switching signal, respectively, from a remote processor. A third receiver is provided for receiving an analog electrical signal from a transducer. A calibrator generates a reference signal in response to the calibrate command. A combiner mixes the electrical signal with the reference signal to form a calibrated signal. A converter converts the calibrated signal to an optical signal. A transmitter transmits the optical signal to the remote processor. A primary battery supplies power to the calibrator, the combiner, the converter, and the transmitter. An optically-activated switch supplies power to the calibrator, the combiner, the converter, and the transmitter in response to the power switching signal. An auxiliary battery supplies power continuously to the switch.
Seligmann, Daniel A. (Manteca, CA); Moss, William C. (San Mateo, CA); Valk, Theodore C. (Livermore, CA); Conder, Alan D. (Tracy, CA)
Converting mill buildings into housing : ways of working with brick walls
The mill buildings of New England add a unique dimension to the heritage and identity of the region. Today some of these buildings continue to function as the site of industry, others have been converted to commercial or ...
Pressman, Paul
Design of ultra low power analog-to-digital converter for ambulatory EEG recording
Portable acquisition of biopotential signals requires the design of compact, energy efficient circuits and systems. Such systems typically include analog-to-digital converter for digitizing signals from AFE and feeding it ...
El-Damak, Dina Reda
Design of a low-voltage low-power dc-dc HF converter
Many portable electronic applications could benefit from a power converter able to achieve high efficiency across wide input and output voltage ranges at a small size. However, it is difficult for many conventional power ...
Hu, Jingying, Ph. D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Design and evaluation of a very high frequency dc/dc converter
This thesis presents a resonant boost topology suitable for very high frequency (VHF, 30-300 MHz) dc-dc power conversion. The proposed design is a fixed frequency, fixed duty ratio resonant converter featuring low device ...
Pilawa-Podgurski, Robert C. N
Progress on Converting a NIF Quad to Eight, Petawatt Beams for Advanced Radiography
We are converting a quad of NIF beamlines into eight, short-pulse (1-50 ps), petawatt-class beams for advanced radiography and fast ignition experiments. This paper describes progress toward completing this project.
Crane, J K
High efficiency resonant dc/dc converter for solar power applications
This thesis presents a new topology for a high efficiency dc/dc resonant power converter that utilizes a resistance compression network to provide simultaneous zero voltage switching and near zero current switching across ...
Inam, Wardah
Single-phase Converter-less Excitation Synchronous Stand-along Wind Power Generator System.
??In this thesis, a single-phase converter-less excitation synchronous stand-along wind power generator system is proposed. In order to simplify the system and improve the system… (more)
Lin, Chin-wei
Radio frequency dc-dc converters : device characterization, topology evaluation, and design
High frequency power conversion is attractive for the opportunities it affords for improved performance. Dc-dc converters operating at high frequencies use smaller-valued energy storage elements, which tend to be physically ...
Leitermann, Olivia
High Voltage Thermal Battery Reliability Required to Equal Inverter-Converter Systems
MC-583 and XMC-650 circuits, including associated pulse transformers, are compare with the inverter-converter system typical of present fuses. The required probabilities of thermal battery shorts and opens are determined.
Research Projects to Convert Captured CO2 Emissions to Useful Products |
Projects to Convert Captured CO2 Emissions to Useful Projects to Convert Captured CO2 Emissions to Useful Products Research Projects to Convert Captured CO2 Emissions to Useful Products July 6, 2010 - 1:00pm Addthis Washington, DC - Research to help find ways of converting into useful products CO2 captured from emissions of power plants and industrial facilities will be conducted by six projects announced today by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). The projects are located in North Carolina, New Jersey, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Georgia, and Quebec, Canada (through collaboration with a company based in Lexington, Ky.) and have a total value of approximately $5.9 million over two-to-three years, with $4.4 million of DOE funding and $1.5 million of non-Federal cost sharing. The work will be managed by the
Six Projects to Convert Captured CO2 Six Projects to Convert Captured CO2 Emissions from Industrial Sources into Useful Products Secretary Chu Announces Six Projects to Convert Captured CO2 Emissions from Industrial Sources into Useful Products July 22, 2010 - 1:00pm Addthis Washington, DC - U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu announced today the selections of six projects that aim to find ways of converting captured carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from industrial sources into useful products such as fuel, plastics, cement, and fertilizers. Funded with $106 million from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act -matched with $156 million in private cost-share -today's selections demonstrate the potential opportunity to use CO2 as an inexpensive raw material that can help reduce carbon dioxide emissions while producing useful by-products that Americans
Announces Six Projects to Convert Captured CO2 Announces Six Projects to Convert Captured CO2 Emissions from Industrial Sources into Useful Products Secretary Chu Announces Six Projects to Convert Captured CO2 Emissions from Industrial Sources into Useful Products July 22, 2010 - 12:00am Addthis Washington, D.C. - U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu announced today the selections of six projects that aim to find ways of converting captured carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from industrial sources into useful products such as fuel, plastics, cement, and fertilizers. Funded with $106 million from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act -matched with $156 million in private cost-share -today's selections demonstrate the potential opportunity to use CO2 as an inexpensive raw material that can help reduce carbon dioxide emissions while producing useful by-products that Americans
DOE-TSPP-8-2013, Converting DOE Technical Standards to Voluntary Consensus
-2013, Converting DOE Technical Standards to Voluntary -2013, Converting DOE Technical Standards to Voluntary Consensus Standards DOE-TSPP-8-2013, Converting DOE Technical Standards to Voluntary Consensus Standards Technical Standards Program Procedures (TSPP) - September 16, 2013 This procedure provides guidance on the conversion of DOE Technical Standards to Voluntary Consensus Standards (VCSs). This procedure applies to all Department of Energy (DOE) Headquarters and field organizations, management and operating contractors, and laboratories (hereafter referred to collectively as Technical Standards Program (TSP) participants) working to the requirements of the latest revision of DOE Order (O) 252.1A, Technical Standards Program. DOE-TSPP-8-2013, Converting DOE Technical Standards to Voluntary Consensus Standards
Distinguishing Propagating Waves and Standing Modes: An Internal Wave Model
This paper examines high-frequency (0.1-0.5 cph) internal waves, waves previously characterized by the Garrett and Munk spectral fits (GM72, GM75, GM79) as being vertically symmetric propagating waves (or equivalently "smeared" standing modes—...
M. Benno Blumenthal; Melbourne G. Briscoe
Wave Activity Diagnostics Applied to Baroclinic Wave Life Cycles
Wave activity diagnostics are calculated for four different baroclinic wave life cycles, including the LC1 and LC2 cases studied by Thorncroft, Hoskins, and McIntyre. The wave activity is a measure of the disturbance relative to some zonally ...
Gudrun Magnusdottir; Peter H. Haynes
Wave Breaking Dissipation in the Wave-Driven Ocean Circulation
If wave breaking modifies the Lagrangian fluid paths by inducing an uncertainty in the orbit itself and this uncertainty on wave motion time scales is observable as additive noise, it is shown that within the context of a wave–current interaction ...
Juan M. Restrepo
Evolution of a Random Directional Wave and Freak Wave Occurrence
The evolution of a random directional wave in deep water was studied in a laboratory wave tank (50 m long, 10 m wide, 5 m deep) utilizing a directional wave generator. A number of experiments were conducted, changing the various spectral ...
Takuji Waseda; Takeshi Kinoshita; Hitoshi Tamura
Direct connection of series self-excited generators and HVDC converters
An alternative and simpler solution is proposed for the direct connection of generators to HVdc converters. The generator exciter windings are connected in series with the output of the HVdc converter and take the place of the conventional smoothing reactor. Existing steady state and time domain simulation programs are modified to represent the behavior of the series direct connection scheme. It is shown that series excitation extends naturally the power transmission capability and permits fast fault clearances.
Arrillaga, J.; Macdonald, S.J.; Watson, N.R.; Watson, S. (Univ. Canterbury, Christchurch (New Zealand))
Water Waves and Integrability
The Euler's equations describe the motion of inviscid fluid. In the case of shallow water, when a perturbative asymtotic expansion of the Euler's equations is taken (to a certain order of smallness of the scale parameters), relations to certain integrable equations emerge. Some recent results concerning the use of integrable equation in modeling the motion of shallow water waves are reviewed in this contribution.
Rossen I. Ivanov
Deflagration Wave Profiles
Shock initiation in a plastic-bonded explosives (PBX) is due to hot spots. Current reactive burn models are based, at least heuristically, on the ignition and growth concept. The ignition phase occurs when a small localized region of high temperature (or hot spot) burns on a fast time scale. This is followed by a growth phase in which a reactive front spreads out from the hot spot. Propagating reactive fronts are deflagration waves. A key question is the deflagration speed in a PBX compressed and heated by a shock wave that generated the hot spot. Here, the ODEs for a steady deflagration wave profile in a compressible fluid are derived, along with the needed thermodynamic quantities of realistic equations of state corresponding to the reactants and products of a PBX. The properties of the wave profile equations are analyzed and an algorithm is derived for computing the deflagration speed. As an illustrative example, the algorithm is applied to compute the deflagration speed in shock compressed PBX 9501 as a function of shock pressure. The calculated deflagration speed, even at the CJ pressure, is low compared to the detonation speed. The implication of this are briefly discussed.
Menikoff, Ralph [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Pulsed wave interconnect
Pulsed wave interconnect is proposed for global interconnect applications. Signals are represented by localized wavepackets that propagate along the interconnect lines at the local speed of light to trigger the receivers. Energy consumption is reduced ... Keywords: CMOS, VLSI, high-speed interconnect, nonlinear transmission line, pulse compression, soliton, wafer-scale-integration
Pingshan Wang; Gen Pei; Edwin Chih-Chuan Kan
Discussion on the control method of the inductor-converter bridge by simulation and experiment
With the development of the superconducting magnet as an energy storage unit, pulsed power loads between superconducting magnets of increasing magnitude up to several hundred megawatts or more appear within the realm of possibility. An energy storage unit that is independent of the power grid can be used in applications where the pulsed power required from the power grid may cause a hazardous effect on the power system. An energy transfer system between the storage and the load units eliminates the disturbance on the power grid. An inductor-converter bridge is proposed for such a purpose. The inductor-converter bridge (ICB) is a solid state DC-AC-DC converter system for reversible energy transfer between two high-inductance inductors. The converter thyristors are naturally commutated by a set of wye-connected capacitors on the AC lines of the circuit. The circuit is designed so that, in every converter cycle, a very small fraction of the magnet energy is stored in these capacitors. The characteristics of the inductor-converter bridge are briefly summarized as follows: low energy loss, reversibility of the energy transfer direction, controllability of the energy transfer rate, and no conversion to another energy form.
Design considerations for DC-DC converters in fuel cell systems
Rapidly rising fossil fuel costs along with increased environmental awareness has encouraged the development of alternative energy sources. Such sources include fuel cells, wind, solar and ocean tide power. Among them, fuel cells have received increased interest in the recent years. This is mainly due to their high efficiency, modularity, and simple construction. However, due to their low output voltage and wide variation from no load to full load, a power electronics converter is required to interface the fuel cell with its loads. This dissertation focuses on developing a set of considerations that will assist designers of the power electronics converter in the design and optimization of the system. These design considerations are obtained analytically and verified experimentally and allow obtaining an efficient and stable fuel cell – power converter system. In addition to the design guidelines this dissertation presents new power converter topologies that do not require the use of transformers to achieve a large voltage gain. Further a new modular fuel cell power converter system that divides the fuel cell stack to optimize power generation is proposed. It is shown by means of mathematical analysis and experimental prototypes that the proposed solutions contribute to the reduction of size and cost of the power converter as well to increase the efficiency of the system.
Palma Fanjul, Leonardo Manuel
Diffusive Transport by Breaking Waves
A simple conceptual model of the relationship between advective transport by breaking waves and diffusive transport is derived. line model postulates that the displacement of fluid parcels by a breaking wave is analogous to molecular diffusion (...
Kenneth P. Bowman
Spectral Wave–Turbulence Decomposition
A new method of wave–turbulence decomposition is introduced, for which the only instrument required is one high-frequency pointwise velocity sensor. This is a spectral method that assumes equilibrium turbulence and no wave–turbulence interaction. ...
Jeremy D. Bricker; Stephen G. Monismith
Numerical Dispersion of Gravity Waves
When atmospheric gravity waves are simulated in numerical models, they are not only dispersive for physical but also for numerical reasons. Their wave properties (e.g., damping or propagation speed and direction) can depend on grid spacing as ...
Guido Schroeder; K. Heinke Schlünzen
Sodium Nightglow and Gravity Waves
Oscillations in intensity of NaD nightglow attributed to mesospheric gravity waves have bean studied. Fractional atmospheric density perturbations have been obtained by means of the linear gravity waves theory of Hines. Values of other parameters ...
A. Molina
Gravitational waves and fundamental physics
I give an overview of the motivations for gravitational-wave research, concentrating on the aspects related to ``fundamental'' physics.
Michele Maggiore
Gravitational Wave Sources: An Overview
With full?sensitivity operation of the first generation of gravitational wave detectors now just around the corner
Bernard F. Schutz
Kinetic Theory of Plasma Waves
Kinetic Wave Theory / Proceedings of the Tenth Carolus Magnus Summer School on Plasma and Fusion Energy Physics
D. Van Eester; E. Lerche
100kW Energy Transfer Multiplexer Power Converter Prototype Development Project
Project Final Report for "100kW Energy Transfer Multiplexer Power Converter Prototype Development Project" prepared under DOE grant number DE-FG36-03GO13138. This project relates to the further development and prototype construction/evaluation for the Energy Transfer Multiplexer (ETM) power converter topology concept. The ETM uses a series resonant link to transfer energy from any phase of a multiphase input to any phase of a multiphase output, converting any input voltage and frequency to any output voltage and frequency. The basic form of the ETM converter consists of an eight (8)-switch matrix (six phase power switches and two ground power switches) and a series L-C resonant circuit. Electronic control of the switches allows energy to be transferred in the proper amount from any phase to any other phase. Depending upon the final circuit application, the switches may be either SCRs or IGBTs. The inherent characteristics of the ETM converter include the following: Power processing in either direction (bidirectional); Large voltage gain without the need of low frequency magnetics; High efficiency independent of output load and frequency; Wide bandwidth with fast transient response and; Operation as a current source. The ETM is able to synthesize true sinusoidal waveforms with low harmonic distortions. For a low power PM wind generation system, the ETM has the following characteristics and advantages: It provides voltage gain without the need of low frequency magnetics (DC inductors) and; It has constant high efficiency independent of the load. The ETM converter can be implemented into a PM wind power system with smaller size, reduced weight and lower cost. As a result of our analyses, the ETM offers wind power generation technology for the reduction of the cost and size as well as the increase in performance of low power, low wind speed power generation. This project is the further theoretical/analytical exploration of the ETM converter concept in relationship to PM wind power generator applications in the 100kW and under power range. The theoretical/analytical and bench scale work focuses on simplifying the basic ETM converter topology (in terms of parts count and complexity) for the specific application of the low power PM system. The project goals and objectives were for Spellman HV will develop a 100kW prototype ETM power converter based on paralleled lower ratings converters. The proposed configuration of this prototype is a 100kW rated converter comprised of four (4) 34kW rated modules connected in parallel (the fourth converter is included to demonstrate N+1 fault tolerance). This approach is more viable as there is lower technological risk involved in developing a 34kW-rated converter than a single 100kW unit. The modular system approach should have a lower deployment and service cost over a single unit system, because of the economics of scale (smaller units at a higher volume means lower manufacturing cost) and because of improved serviceability (a non-redundant power system with one failed module will still operate at a lower power level). There is also the added benefit that greater commercial application and acceptance should be achieved by having a modular system available in which fault tolerance (N+1 or 2N) is a feature. This modular approach would allow the output power to be increased by adding more paralleled converters. Thus, the maximum output power of the overall power system is a function of the interconnection medium (the hot swap connection subsystem), rather than the ratings of a single module. The project was implemented with Spellman HV acting as the program management and production assembly and test facility; The Baker Company acting as a technical consultant and resource when required; and dtm Associates acting as the design/development resource for the hardware development of the 100kW ETM converter prototype.
S. Merrill Skeist; Richard H. (Dick) Baker; Anthony G.P. Marini; DOE Project Officer - Keith Bennett
Energy Loss by Breaking waves
Observations of the frequency of wind wave breaking in deep water are combined with laboratory estimates of the rate of energy loss a from single breaking wave to infer the net rate of energy transfer to the mixed layer from breaking waves, as a ...
S. A. Thorpe
Evaluation of commercial surge suppressors
... Program. These devices include: Reference Bendix Gap Cat TG98 TIS 62GL191 W Lightning Arrester Cat 632A189A01 II - GE ...
... amplitude voltage rise Insulation - Bulk X X ** ... with no tooling costs and yet provide a package suitable for connection to wall receptacles in end ...
Low-Cost Surge Counter
... feeding a capacitor or a battery will begin to fail; the other level is 2000 ... The anode gate resistor R, stabilizes the turn-on of the SCS and prevents ...
Long-Wave Trapping by Oceanic Ridges
Long waves are affected by bottom topography and under certain conditions may be trapped along topographical contours which then act as wave guides transmitting wave energy for great distances with little loss. This study examines waves trapped ...
Richard Paul Shaw; Wayne Neu
FINAL REPORT OF RESEARCH ON CuxS/ (Cd,Zn)S PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR ENERGY CONVERTERS 3/77 - 9/79
Cu X S/(Cd,Zn)S PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR ENERGY CONVERTERS 3/77 -of Research on Photovoltaic Solar Energy Converters CuxSI(Cd
Chin, B.L.
Charge Density Wave Compounds
Fisher Research Group Fisher Research Group Layered Chalcogenides 29 February 2008 Controlling the Wave by Brad Plummer, SLAC Communications Stanford University researchers working in part at SSRL have discovered a novel set of properties pertaining to a compound of materials called tritellurides. These compounds, composed of three atoms of tellurium and a single atom of one of the rare earth elements, demonstrate unique electronic properties that can be controlled by altering the temperature of the material. The tritellurides display phenomena known as charge density waves (CDW). In a normal conductive metal, electrons persist in a "sea" wherein they are evenly distributed and equally available, or conductive. A CDW occurs under certain circumstances and causes the electrons to clump together, lowering their availability, and thereby lowering the compound's conductivity. Tellurium, when crystallized into quasi-two-dimensional planes and combined with rare earth elements, produces a material with CDWs that can be manipulated and controlled.
DNA waves and water
Some bacterial and viral DNA sequences have been found to induce low frequency electromagnetic waves in high aqueous dilutions. This phenomenon appears to be triggered by the ambient electromagnetic background of very low frequency. We discuss this phenomenon in the framework of quantum field theory. A scheme able to account for the observations is proposed. The reported phenomenon could allow to develop highly sensitive detection systems for chronic bacterial and viral infections.
L. Montagnier; J. Aissa; E. Del Giudice; C. Lavallee; A. Tedeschi; G. Vitiello
The influence of waves . . .
With the growing interest in offshore wind resources, it has become increasingly important to establish and refine models for the interaction between wind and waves in order to obtain accurate models for the sea surface roughness. The simple Charnock relation that has been applied for open sea conditions does not work well in the shallow water near-coastal areas that are important for offshore wind energy. A model for the surface roughness of the sea has been developed based on this concept, using an expression for the Charnock constant as a function of wave age [1], and then relating the wave `age' to the distance to the nearest upwind coastline. The data used in developing these models originated partly from analysis of data from the Vindeby site, partly from previously published results. The scatter in the data material was considerable and consequently there is a need to test these models further by analysing data from sites exhibiting varying distances to the coast. Results from such analysis of recent data are presented for sites with distances to the coast varying from 10km to several hundreds of km. The model shows a good agreement also with this data.
Bernhard Lange; Jřrgen Hřjstrup
On proton CT reconstruction using MVCT-converted virtual proton projections
Purpose: To describe a novel methodology of converting megavoltage x-ray projections into virtual proton projections that are otherwise missing due to the proton range limit. These converted virtual proton projections can be used in the reconstruction of proton computed tomography (pCT). Methods: Relations exist between proton projections and multispectral megavoltage x-ray projections for human tissue. Based on these relations, these tissues can be categorized into: (a) adipose tissue; (b) nonadipose soft tissues; and (c) bone. These three tissue categories can be visibly identified on a regular megavoltage x-ray computed tomography (MVCT) image. With an MVCT image and its projection data available, the x-ray projections through heterogeneous anatomy can be converted to the corresponding proton projections using predetermined calibration curves for individual materials, aided by a coarse segmentation on the x-ray CT image. To show the feasibility of this approach, mathematical simulations were carried out. The converted proton projections, plotted on a proton sinogram, were compared to the simulated ground truth. Proton stopping power images were reconstructed using either the virtual proton projections only or a blend of physically available proton projections and virtual proton projections that make up for those missing due to the range limit. These images were compared to a reference image reconstructed from theoretically calculated proton projections. Results: The converted virtual projections had an uncertainty of {+-}0.8% compared to the calculated ground truth. Proton stopping power images reconstructed using a blend of converted virtual projections (48%) and physically available projections (52%) had an uncertainty of {+-}0.86% compared with that reconstructed from theoretically calculated projections. Reconstruction solely from converted virtual proton projections had an uncertainty of {+-}1.1% compared with that reconstructed from theoretical projections. If these images are used for treatment planning, the average proton range uncertainty is estimated to be less than 1.5% for an imaging dose in the milligray range. Conclusions: The proposed method can be used to convert x-ray projections into virtual proton projections. The converted proton projections can be blended with existing proton projections or can be used solely for pCT reconstruction, addressing the range limit problem of pCT using current therapeutic proton machines.
Wang Dongxu; Mackie, T. Rockwell; Tome, Wolfgang A. [Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53705 and Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 (United States); Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53705 and Morgridge Institute of Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53715 (United States); Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53705 and Oncophysics Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York 10461 (United States)
Glass material oxidation and dissolution system: Converting miscellaneous fissile materials to glass
The cold war and the development of nuclear energy have resulted in significant inventories of miscellaneous fissile materials (MFMs). MFMs include (1) plutonium scrap and residue, (2) miscellaneous spent nuclear fuel (SNF), (3) certain hot cell wastes, and (4) many one-of-a-kind materials. Major concerns associated with the long-term management of these materials include: safeguards and nonproliferation issues; health, environment, and safety concerns. waste management requirements; and high storage costs. These issues can be addressed by converting the MFMs to glass for secure, long-term storage or repository disposal; however, conventional glass-making processes require oxide-like feed materials. Converting MFMs to oxide-like materials with subsequent vitrification is a complex and expensive process. A new vitrification process has been invented, the Glass Material Oxidation and Dissolution System (GMODS), which directly converts metals, ceramics, and amorphous solids to glass; oxidizes organics with the residue converted to glass; and converts chlorides to borosilicate glass and a secondary sodium chloride (NaCl) stream. Laboratory work has demonstrated the conversion of cerium (a plutonium surrogate), uranium, Zircaloy, stainless steel, multiple oxides, and other materials to glass. However, significant work is required to develop GMODS further for applications at an industrial scale. If implemented, GMODS will provide a new approach to manage these materials.
Forsberg, C.W.; Ferrada, J.J.
Digital multimode buck converter control with loss-minimizing synchronous rectifier adaptation
Abstract—This paper develops a multimode control strategy which allows for efficient operation of the buck converter over a wide load range. A method for control of synchronous rectifiers as a direct function of the load current is introduced [1]. The function relating the synchronous-rectifier timing to the load current is optimized on-line with a gradient power-loss-minimizing algorithm. Only low-bandwidth measurements of the load current and a power-loss-related quantity are required, making the technique suitable for digital controller implementations. Compared to alternative loss-minimizing approaches, this method has superior adjustment speed and robustness to disturbances, and can simultaneously optimize multiple parameters. The proposed synchronous-rectifier control also accomplishes an automatic, optimal transition to discontinuous-conduction mode at light load. Further, by imposing a minimum duty-ratio, the converter automatically enters pulse-skipping mode at very light load. Thus, the same controller structure can be used in both fixed-frequency pulsewidth modulation and variable-frequency pulse-skipping modes. These techniques are demonstrated on a digitally-controlled 100-W buck converter. Index Terms—Adaptive control, dead-time, digital control, gradient methods, multimode control, optimization methods, pulse skipping, pulsewidth modulated (PWM) power converters, pulsewidth modulation (PWM), synchronous rectifier (SR), variable frequency control. Fig. 1. Buck converter with SR (M), and the corresponding MOSFET control signals.
Angel V. Peterchev; Seth R. S
Synchrotron and SSC Emission and the Blast-Wave Model of Gamma-Ray Bursts
We investigate the dynamics and radiation from a relativistic blast-wave which decelerates as it sweeps up ambient matter. The bulk kinetic energy of the blast-wave shell is converted into internal energy by the process of accreting external matter. If it takes the form of non-thermal electrons and magnetic fields, then this internal energy will be emitted as synchrotron and synchrotron self-Compton radiation. We perform analytic and numerical calculations for the deceleration and radiative processes and present time-resolved spectra throughout the evolution of the blast-wave. We also examine the dependence of the burst spectra and light curves on various parameters describing the magnetic field and non-thermal electron distributions. We find that for bursts such as GRB~910503, GRB~910601 and GRB~910814, the spectral shapes of the prompt gamma-ray emission at the peaks in $\
Chiang, J
IBW and fast wave launching and damping on TFTR
Antennas to provide direct IBW excitation and to improve the launched spectrum and power handling for mode converted (MC) IBW excitation have been installed on TFTR to support studies of transport barrier formation inside the TFTR plasma. Initial IBW launching/heating experiments have been performed at f{sub RF}{approx}76MHz and 50.6 MHz for several antenna and plasma positions, several magnetic fields (D, T, H, {sup 3}He resonances), and with and without neutral beam injection. Although the measured surface density profiles in front of the antenna should theoretically support IBW launching to the plasma core via EPW excitation, loading resistance parameter dependence and heating results suggest that the wave energy is being deposited mostly in the plasma periphery. The potential roles of surface fast wave and near field excitation/damping on the IBW performance are discussed. Also MC IBW damping of the fast wave has been significantly improved through the removal of lithium 7 from the plasma. {copyright} {ital 1997 American Institute of Physics.}
Hosea, J.C.; Bell, R.; Hill, K.; LeBlanc, B.; Majeski, R.; Nazikian, R.; Ono, M.; Phillips, C.K.; Rogers, J.H.; Schilling, G.; Wilson, J.R. [Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543 (United States); DIppolito, D.A.; Myra, J.R. [Lodestar Research Corporation, Boulder, Colorado 80301 (United States); Bush, C.E.; Hanson, G.R. [Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-8071 (United States)
Ocean Wave Energy Company OWECO | Open Energy Information
Energy Company OWECO Energy Company OWECO Jump to: navigation, search Name Ocean Wave Energy Company (OWECO) Place Bristol, Rhode Island Sector Ocean Product Wave energy device developer. The company has patented the OWEC Ocean Wave Energy Converter®., a device consisting of a submerged array, suspended at depths permitting full reciprocation of buoys and respective driveshafts. Coordinates 42.55678°, -88.050449° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":42.55678,"lon":-88.050449,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
This patent relates to wave-guides and in particular describes wave delaying structure located within a wave-guide. The disclosed wave-guide has an elongated fiat metal sheet arranged in a central plane of the guide and formed with a series of transverse inductive slots such that each face presents an inductive impedance to the guide. The sheet is thickened in the area between slots to increase the self capacity of the slots. Experimental results indicate that in a wave-guide loaded in accordance with the invention the guided wavelength changes more slowly as the air wavelength is changed than the guided wavelength does in wave-guides loaded by means of corrugations.
Robertson-Shersby-Harvie, R.B.; Dain, J.
Gravimagnetic shock waves and gravitational-wave experiments
Causes of the unsatisfactory condition of the gravitational-wave experiments are discussed and a new outlook at the detection of gravitational waves of astrophysical origin is proposed. It is shown that there are strong grounds for identifying the so-called giant pulses in the pulsar NP 0532 radiation with gravimagnetic shock waves (GMSW) excited in the neutron star magnetosphere by sporadic gravitational radiation of this pulsar.
Yu. G. Ignatyev
DC to DC power converters and methods of controlling the same
A power generation system configured to provide direct current (DC) power to a DC link is described. The system includes a first power generation unit configured to output DC power. The system also includes a first DC to DC converter comprising an input section and an output section. The output section of the first DC to DC converter is coupled in series with the first power generation unit. The first DC to DC converter is configured to process a first portion of the DC power output by the first power generation unit and to provide an unprocessed second portion of the DC power output of the first power generation unit to the output section.
Steigerwald, Robert Louis; Elasser, Ahmed; Sabate, Juan Antonio; Todorovic, Maja Harfman; Agamy, Mohammed
An 8-bit current mode ripple folding analog to digital converter
Design of an 8-bit current mode, ripple-folding analog to digital (A/D) converter is discussed. The ripple folding technique and the possible implementations in different process technologies are summarized. To have an A/D converter compatible with the standard CMOS processes, the switched current technique is used for the implementation. The architecture is a cascade of 8 minimum and maximum detectors pipelined by 7 current memories. The A/D converter, which is designed in TSMC 0.35 []m CMOS technology, achieves 8 bits of resolution at a conversion rate of 100 MHz with an SFDR of 62 dB. The total power consumption by the analog circuitry is 120mW, more than half of which is dissipated by the 8 current comparators. The achieved INL and DNL values are less than 0.4 LSB.
Dinc, Huseyin
SUBCONTRACT REPORT: DC-DC Converter for Fuel Cell and Hybrid Vehicles
The goal of this project is to develop and fabricate a 5kW dc-dc converter with a baseline 14V output capability for fuel cell and hybrid vehicles. The major objectives for this dc-dc converter technology are to meet: Higher efficiency (92%); High coolant temperature,e capability (105 C); High reliability (15 Years/150,000miles); Smaller volume (5L); Lower weight (6kg); and Lower cost ($75/kW). The key technical challenge for these converters is the 105 C coolant temperatures. The power switches and magnetics must be designed to sustain these operating temperatures reliably, without a large cost/mass/volume penalty.
Marlino, Laura D [ORNL; Zhu, Lizhi [Ballard Power Systems/Siemens VDO
Design considerations for a thermophotovoltaic energy converter using heat pipe radiators
The purpose of this paper is to discuss concepts for using high temperature heat pipes to transport energy from a heat source to a thermophotovoltaic (TPV) converter. Within the converter, the condenser portion of each heat pipe acts as a photon radiator, providing a radiant flux to adjacent TPV cells, which in turn create electricity. Using heat pipes in this way could help to increase the power output and the power density of TPV systems. TPV systems with radiator temperatures in the range of 1,500 K are expected to produce as much as 3.6 W/cm{sup 3} of heat exchanger volume at an efficiency of 20% or greater. Four different arrangements of heat pipe-TPV energy converters are considered. Performance and sizing calculations for each of the concepts are presented. Finally, concerns with this concept and issues which remain to be considered are discussed.
Ashcroft, J.; DePoy, D. [Lockheed Martin Corp., Schenectady, NY (United States)
Experience in the installation of a microprocessor system for controlling converter units of the Vyborg substation
The experience in the installation of modern digital systems for controlling converter units at the Vyborg converter substation on the basis of advanced microprocessor devices is considered. It is shown that debugging of a control and protection system on mathematical and physical models does not guarantee optimum control of actual converter devices. Examples of advancing the control and protection system are described, the necessity for which has become obvious in tests of actual equipment. Comparison of oscillograms of processes before optimization of the control system and after its optimization and adjustment shows that the digital control system makes it possible to improve substantially the algorithms of control and protection in the short term and without changing the hardware component.
Gusakovskii, K. B.; Zmaznov, E. Yu.; Katantsev, S. V.; Mazurenko, A. K.; Mestergazi, V. A.; Prochan, G. G.; Funtikova, S. F. [High Voltage Direct Current Power Transmission Research Institute (NIIPT) (Russian Federation)
Scientists Discover how Bacteria Convert Mercury to Toxic Form | U.S. DOE
Scientists Discover how Bacteria Convert Mercury to Toxic Form Scientists Discover how Bacteria Convert Mercury to Toxic Form Biological and Environmental Research (BER) BER Home About Research Facilities Science Highlights Searchable Archive of BER Highlights External link Benefits of BER Funding Opportunities Biological & Environmental Research Advisory Committee (BERAC) News & Resources Contact Information Biological and Environmental Research U.S. Department of Energy SC-23/Germantown Building 1000 Independence Ave., SW Washington, DC 20585 P: (301) 903-3251 F: (301) 903-5051 E: email@example.com More Information » April 2013 Scientists Discover how Bacteria Convert Mercury to Toxic Form Two genes responsible for mercury methylation identified. Print Text Size: A A A Subscribe FeedbackShare Page Click to enlarge photo. Enlarge Photo
Property:Technology Type | Open Energy Information
Technology Type Technology Type Property Type Text Pages using the property "Technology Type" Showing 25 pages using this property. (previous 25) (next 25) M MHK Technologies/14 MW OTECPOWER + OTEC - Closed Cycle MHK Technologies/Aegir Dynamo + Point Absorber - Floating MHK Technologies/Anaconda bulge tube drives turbine + Oscillating Wave Surge Converter MHK Technologies/AquaBuoy + Point Absorber MHK Technologies/Aquanator + Cross Flow Turbine MHK Technologies/Aquantis + Axial Flow Turbine MHK Technologies/Archimedes Wave Swing + Point Absorber MHK Technologies/Atlantis AN 150 + Axial Flow Turbine MHK Technologies/Atlantis AR 1000 + Axial Flow Turbine MHK Technologies/Atlantis AS 400 + Axial Flow Turbine MHK Technologies/Atlantisstrom + Cross Flow Turbine MHK Technologies/BOLT Lifesaver + Oscillating Wave Surge Converter
Property:Relevant Project Publications | Open Energy Information
Relevant Project Publications Relevant Project Publications Jump to: navigation, search Property Name Relevant Project Publications Property Type Text Pages using the property "Relevant Project Publications" Showing 8 pages using this property. M MHK Projects/CETO La Reunion + La Reunion MHK Projects/CETO3 Garden Island + Garden island MHK Projects/Oyster 1 Project + 01 - Collier D., Whittaker T., Crowley M., (2008): "The Construction of Oyster - A Nearshore Surging Wave Energy Converter", 2nd International Conference on Ocean Energy, Brest, France. 02 - T.J.T. Whittaker, D. Collier, M. Folley, M. Osterreid, A. Henry, M. Crowley, (2007): 'The Development of Oyster - A Shallow Water Surging Wave Energy Converter', 7th European Wave & Tidal Energy Conference, Portugal.
Riding the Waves: Harnessing Ocean Wave Energy through ...
... The opportunities for ocean wave power to become a new, reliable and clean source of renewable energy will be discussed, as well as activities of ...
Iterated multidimensional wave conversion
Mode conversion can occur repeatedly in a two-dimensional cavity (e.g., the poloidal cross section of an axisymmetric tokamak). We report on two novel concepts that allow for a complete and global visualization of the ray evolution under iterated conversions. First, iterated conversion is discussed in terms of ray-induced maps from the two-dimensional conversion surface to itself (which can be visualized in terms of three-dimensional rooms). Second, the two-dimensional conversion surface is shown to possess a symplectic structure derived from Dirac constraints associated with the two dispersion surfaces of the interacting waves.
Brizard, A. J. [Dept. Physics, Saint Michael's College, Colchester, VT 05439 (United States); Tracy, E. R.; Johnston, D. [Dept. Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795 (United States); Kaufman, A. N. [LBNL and Physics Dept., UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States); Richardson, A. S. [T-5, LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545 (United States); Zobin, N. [Dept. Mathematics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795 (United States)
Chemical reactor for converting a first material into a second material
A chemical reactor and method for converting a first material into a second material is disclosed and wherein the chemical reactor is provided with a feed stream of a first material which is to be converted into a second material; and wherein the first material is combusted in the chemical reactor to produce a combustion flame, and a resulting gas; and an electrical arc is provided which is passed through or superimposed upon the combustion flame and the resulting gas to facilitate the production of the second material.
Kong, Peter C
System Integration Issues of DC to DC converters in the sLHC Trackers
The upgrade of the trackers at the sLHC experiments requires implementing new powering schemes that will provide an increased power density with reduced losses and material budget. A scheme based on buck and switched capacitors DC to DC converters has been proposed as an optimal solution. The buck converter is based on a power ASIC, connected to a custom made air core inductor. The arrangement of the parts and the board layout of the power module are designed to minimize the emissions of EMI in a compact volume, enabling its integration on the tracker modules and staves.
Allongue, B; Faccio, F; Fuentes, c; Michelisa, S; Orlandia, S
Converter Program: PSADD Dictionary for Dynamics Model, Version 2.0
This manual contains a listing of the PSADD dictionary for PSS/E dynamics models. The format of this dictionary is the same as that used for the "main" PSADD. Wherever possible, dictionary names and data types are the same as those used in the "main" PSADD. Please note that not all of the PSS/E dynamics models have been included in this dictionary and are convertible by the CONVERTER program. EPRI advisors and PTI engineers selected the models for inclusion based on the perceived "usefulness" of the mode...
Evolution of the CERN Power Converter Function Generator/Controller for Operation in Fast Cycling Accelerators
Power converters in the LHC are controlled by the second generation of an embedded computer known as a Function Generator/Controller (FGC2). Following the success of this control system, new power converter installations at CERN will be based around an evolution of the design – a third generation called FGC3. The FGC3 will initially be used in the PS Booster and Linac4. This paper compares the hardware of the two generations of FGC and details the decisions made during the design of the FGC3.
Calcoen, D; Semanaz, PF