text:
Khaos Wildfire
Junior Member
What's going on with Dominion? 5 AFKers on my teams and 3 on the others (never at the same time). I'm guessing it's a macro or something that just queues up and hits accept, after that, it's gg. Is this common for anyone else?
Senior Member
well, I'll agree that there is an ELO hell, but considering this is not ranked, I don't know how much ELO actually matters. Also, you didn't actually answer my question. I used to see 1 out of 10 games or so an AFK or leaver, now it's +50%? Are you seeing an increase also?
No, I am not. Neither has anyone I know complained about it. As I said, elo hell. And yes, elo matters a lot. To be honest, the only difference between what we have in dominion and the ranked modes in other maps is elo visibility. it doesn't mean it does not exist or play a role in dominion, because it undoubtedly does. I hope this answers your question in full.
I've seen a couple. It's been Lux both times. I'm confused as to how they got through the Active checker. (Veni13 is mad brah)
i've seen it a lot more often myself than normal the past week. it happened to me once too - i got an error where it said it couldn't connect to the server right after it tried to start to the game, so i had to restart and i ended up getting in about 30 seconds after the game started because for whatever reason it took longer than usual to load as well. I don't know if that was a problem on riot's end or mine. Though all the tryndamere's i've seen recently have dc'd and not come back haha
3 words, Summonner' s Rift trolls, Just report those guys, they will afk at Dominion because at their minds "it's jst dominion, joke mode and i no have time no brain for luz with nubs wail i plai pro trynda, they nu ban me for joke mode", then reports get o them for afking and next time you see them; they are crying in gd for an "unjustified" ban, that's starting Dominion Elo man, just man up, grab Jax and run him at bot lane for free Elo until you have a +10 to +15 win ratio, if you dont have Jax or are denied Jax for whatever reason then Urgot should suffice, enjoy higher quality games after you are done with that n_n Hope i helped .
Could be client issues. I remember there was a day in which 7-9 games I played had someone drop although typically they would reconnect but not until a large chunk of the game had passed.
Its not ELO hell, it's just people I believe that are trying to ruin the game. The new -accept and champion select- is in place, so you can't afk and get in anymore. It's a very low chance that they would get in, pick a champ, and then afk for special reasons other than trolling. What I did to get out of the afk problem was: Get a premade team when I was new to Dominion Now were all 2.3k ELO + (from lolmatches) and were the top team in DominateDominion (not that you care)! so, get a premade team of special friends b/c it lowers the chances of having an afker


text:
Alabama's fan has misspelled tattoo to pledge 'allegence' to Roll Tide
We make fun of tribute tattoos quite often, because many of them look ridiculous. But at the end of the day, it's a person's prerogative to choose what they want permanently drawn on their body. Just try to make sure everything is spelled correctly. As you can see from the photo above that a Reddit…Read More

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Ferdinand fails in privacy case against Sunday Mirror
Manchester United and England defender Rio Ferdinand has lost his High Court Privacy action over a Sunday mirror story from April 2010. The article alleges that Rio Ferdinand had an affair with a woman called Carly Storey.
The case was about whether the newspaper was justified in publishing the story because the public interest was such that its Article 10 right to freedom of expression outweighed Ferdinand's Article 8 privacy right under the Human Rights Act. Rio claims to have not seen Ms Storey for six years before the time the article was published. MGN said it was in the public's interest after a similar situation involving John Terry occurred in February 2010. John Terry was soon stripped of his captaincy (although it has since been restored) after having an affair with his team mate Wayne Bridge's girlfriend.
The judge said the case was more about Ferdinand's public image then privacy "Overall, in my judgement, the balancing exercise favours the defendant's right of freedom of expression over the claimant's right of privacy".
Sponsored links
Related Manchester United News


text:
It's not the size of the shrimp that matters most, but bigger is usually better. | Photograph by Adam Gesuero
1eat | South via NortheastHungry Mother
233 Cardinal Medeiros Ave. (617) 499-0090 hungrymothercambridge.comNo, there's nothing novel these days about a Southern-inspired restaurant with a hearty list of bourbons. But Hungry Mother is just odd enough in its execution that to call its cuisine Southern would be to assume that things like trout croquettes and Burgundy escargot are prevalent below the Mason Dixon. From its boozy, inventive cocktails to the beef tongue au jus, Hungry Mother is a case in point for how the widespread adoption of a local cuisine can bring that cuisine to newer, better heights.


text:
5 Dividend Stocks Ready to Pay You More in 2014
BALTIMORE (Stockpickr) -- Want to outperform the broad market this year? Then it makes sense to focus on the biggest, most boring dividend payers on the market.
>>5 Hated Earnings Stocks You Should Love
Dividend payers have been vastly outperforming nonpayers so far this year, and it's all thanks to a flight to yield that kicked on in earnest when the calendar flipped to March. That's not really a new phenomenon. Over the last three and a half decades, dividends stocks have outperformed the rest of the S&P 500 by 2.5% annually, and they outperformed nonpayers by nearly 8% every year, according to data compiled by Ned Davis Research.
But to find the biggest gains, it's not enough to simply buy names with big payouts today. You've got to think about what they'll be paying tomorrow too. So instead of chasing yield, we'll try to step in front of the next round of stock payout hikes.
>>5 Rocket Stocks Ready for Blastoff For our purposes, that "crystal ball" is composed of a few factors: namely a solid balance sheet, low payout ratio, and a history of dividend hikes. While those items don't guarantee dividend announcements in the next month or three, they do dramatically increase the odds that management will hike their cash payouts to shareholders. Without further ado, here's a look at five stocks that could be about to increase their dividend payments in the next quarter.Check Out Our Best Services for Investors
Action Alerts PLUS
Portfolio Manager Jim Cramer and Director of Research Jack Mohr reveal their investment tactics while giving advanced notice before every trade.
Product Features:
- $2.5+ million portfolio
- Large-cap and dividend focus
- Intraday trade alerts from Cramer
Quant Ratings
Access the tool that DOMINATES the Russell 2000 and the S&P 500.
Product Features:
- Buy, hold, or sell recommendations for over 4,300 stocks
- Unlimited research reports on your favorite stocks
- A custom stock screener
Stocks Under $10
David Peltier uncovers low dollar stocks with serious upside potential that are flying under Wall Street's radar.
Product Features:
- Model portfolio
- Stocks trading below $10
- Intraday trade alerts
Check Out Our Best Services for Investors
Dividend Stock Advisor
David Peltier identifies the best of breed dividend stocks that will pay a reliable AND significant income stream.
Product Features:
- Diversified model portfolio of dividend stocks
- Updates with exact steps to take - BUY, HOLD, SELL
Trifecta Stocks
Every recommendation goes through 3 layers of intense scrutinyquantitative, fundamental and technical analysisto maximize profit potential and minimize risk.
Product Features:
- Model Portfolio
- Intra Day Trade alerts
- Access to Quant Ratings
Options Profits
Our options trading pros provide over 100 monthly option trading ideas and strategies to help you become a well-seasoned trader.
Product Features:
- Actionable options commentary and news
- Real-time trading community


text:
Huge News!
Two new readers have joined Soul Seer Tarot! Check out Master Tarot readers, Kim Walker and Onae Shinn. Both of them have been reading for more than 25 years. With a total of over 80 years of tarot experience, we are more than able to answer your questions.
For centuries, people have used the tarot to find answers to their biggest life questions, to get guidance on their life path, and to find out what the future has in store for them. The imagery and symbolism in a tarot deck speaks to our subconscious, opening the doorway for Spirit to impart its messages to us.
In the hands of an experienced reader, the tarot has an uncanny ability to get right to the heart of a client's question, providing much needed answers and insights. We all need a little guidance at some point in our lives; a light to show the way on our path. A reading can give this to you.
We've helped people all over the world receive answers to their questions and we would love to read for you!


text:
What does PPSU mean in Hospitals?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand PPSU in the Medical field in general and in the Hospitals terminology in particular.
Find a translation for PPSU in other languages:
Select another language:
Discuss this PPSU abbreviation with the community:
Use the citation below to add this abbreviation to your bibliography:
"PPSU." Abbreviations.com. STANDS4 LLC, 2015. Web. 3 Mar. 2015. <http://www.abbreviations.com/term/359395>.
PPSU also stands for:
- Pocket Piano Song Universe
- Policy and Planning Support Unit
- PolyPhenylSUlfone
- Portuguese Paediatric Surveillance Unit
- Professional Pet Sitters United
... and 2 more »
Nearby & related abbreviations:
Alternative search:
- Search Patient Positioning Sensor Unit on Amazon
- Search Patient Positioning Sensor Unit on Google


text:
Cleaning For A Reason has been nominated for Chase Community Giving this year! Starting tomorrow, you will be able to help Cleaning For A Reason share in some wonderful grants from Chase Bank. All you have to do is vote! From tomorrow, September 6 to September 19, you will have a chance to vote for us on their site here, and on Facebook, meaning you can have up to two votes for Cleaning For A Reason! You can check out our page on Chase Community Giving here. We truly appreciate all you do for our organization. Please help by voting so we… read more →
We here at Cleaning For A Reason just wanted to give a shout-out to The Cleaning Authority of Spokane for winning the 'Helping Hands' award at their national convention this year. They are the first recipients of this reward! From their press release: Mark, and his staff of 28, donates home cleaning to cancer patients through the Cleaning For A Reason program. The Cleaning Authority is also a major donor for MS, donating a year of cleaning service to the local MS auction, and the office makes numerous donations to non-profits and fundraisers throughout the year. Congratulations to them!
Well, it was our final day of Edu-Sational, but that doesn't mean it wasn't busy! The place was packed again and ready to learn! We began the day with keynote speaker David A. Rich. In his presentation, he gave attendees the secret behind prices and what a customer is truly looking for when they hire someone. "Price is never the primary reason people buy anything", according to David. In reality, businesses are usually the ones who are even more concerned about prices than the customer! It was a great speech to help attendees get motivated this morning. … read more →
What a busy day we had! While we simply cannot put into words all the great things that happened throughout the day, we can certainly re-cap the day. We've been live-tweeting, posting pictures all day, but here is the reader's digest version of what went on during our first day of Edu-Sational 2012. Firstly, we began with some great fun to loosen up everyone for the day. Anita Renfroe shared with us some of her best comedy and really got us excited for the day. Here's a clip of her opening act. Hilarious! Anita Renfroe's Opening After… read more →
Hey everyone! Edu-Sational has not even officially begun and it is already off to a great start. We set up early registration today and met some wonderful people who came in early to talk with us and get their resources that they will use this weekend. Things look like they are really coming together for Friday and Saturday! The Cleaning For A Reason board and staff worked hard today from get everything in place from dropping off supplies, helping people with information about the conference, and even had some fun in the process. We are excited for this conference to… read more →
The Edusational Event is a 2-day, Best Practices maid service-specific training event, with maid service owners from around the country attending. Professional speakers, industry consultants, and entrepreneurs will share their business expertise and inspiration with all those who attend. The Cleaning For A Reason Edusational conference is open to the public, and specifically to ANY AND ALL Maid services, whether they are a part of Cleaning For A Reason or not. Whether you are an established cleaning service or a new start up or just THINKING of starting a residential cleaning business, this conference is a must. (hear what others had to say about… read more →
Hi Everyone! Cleaning For A Reason is even busier than usual over the next few weeks! I'll touch on two key things for you all to be aware of: 1) This weeked is our annual Edu-Sational event! It's hosted in Irving, Texas, and it's going to be a great time. As social media manager, I will be tweeting, posting photos and maybe some videos as well, so stay tuned starting Thursday night! If you haven't done so already, go ahead and follow us on Twitter as well. That way you won't miss any of the action! 2) Cleaning… read more →
We here at Cleaning For A Reason always love anyone who mentions us and our partners in the news. The Post-Star did just that today in their Boos and Bravos section! Here's what they said: Nonprofit provides cleaning service Bravos to Cleaning for a Reason Foundation, a national nonprofit that funds free cleaning services for female cancer patients, and to Helen Defeudis, who owns The Maids cleaning service franchise in Saratoga Springs and who has partnered with the nonprofit to provide services to local patients. What a practical way to provide help to people in need! We just wanted… read more →
We received a wonderful letter in the mail from Brighten Your Day Cleaning Services last week, in which we learned that they held a fundraiser for us! It was such a wonderful surprise and we just wanted to take the time out of our day to thank Brighten Your Day Cleaning Services for their wonderful contribution to Cleaning For A Reason. We really appreciate it!
Hi everyone. We here at Cleaning For A Reason hope you are having a great Friday. We just wanted to let you know that we have maid service openings for patients in the state of New York that we would like to share with you: To Apply Click Here (please do NOT call the maid services directly, you must apply, thank you for your cooperation) C&G Cleaning Service, Inc. Queens Village NY (11428). Clean Green Maids Brooklyn NY (11211). Cleaned to Perfection East Setauket NY (11733). Done Right Cleaning West Monroe NY (13167). Expocleaning Corp. Flushing NY (11358). Gaia's Choice Cleaning… read more →


text:
personal exposures, especially for potentially susceptible subpopulations and individuals?
Compliance with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for particulate matter (PM) is ascertained by measuring ambient concentrations of PM at monitoring sites. With regard to the health effects of air pollution, the risks depend on personal exposure—that is, the exposures received by people in the various specific places, conceptualized as microenvironments, where they spend time. Total personal exposure represents the time-weighted average of particle concentrations in the microenvironments where people spend their time. Exposures to particles generated by outdoor sources take place not only outside but also in indoor environments where the particles penetrate. Indoor particle sources, such as cigarette smoking, thus might contribute substantially to total personal exposure to particles. Research carried out in regard to this topic addresses the relationship of monitoring data for ambient air with personal exposures to PM and gaseous copollutants. Data on this relationship are needed not only for healthy people but also for those persons who are particularly susceptible to air pollution and at greatest risk for experiencing adverse effects. Such persons are referred to collectively as a "susceptible subpopulation" and are further addressed under topic 8 later in this chapter.
Before 1997, the majority of time-series analyses of morbidity and mortality data relied on ambient air pollution concentrations as measures of exposure. A critical assumption of these investigations was that ambient PM concentrations serve as surrogates of corresponding personal exposures to ambient particles. Previous findings from personal monitoring studies suggested that human exposures differ from ambient concentrations due to the contributions of microenvironmental sources (Dockery and Spengler 1981; Ozkaynak et al. 1993; Ozkaynak et al. 1996a). In addition, most of these investigations found statistically insignificant and weak associations between personal exposures and ambient concentrations when assessed cross-sectionally (that is, at different locations). However, these conclusions were based on a small number of studies that were originally designed


text:
About 43 inmates at the Kuje Medium Prison in the Federal Capital Territory FCT who sat for the November/ December last year were on Friday presented with the West African Examination Council (WAEC) statement of result.
In a ceremony organised by the FCT command of the Nigeria Prisons Service and NUGA Best, a non-governmental organisation which funded the programme for the inmates, it was an atmosphere of joy for the inmates.
Speaking at the occasion, the Controller of Prisons, FCT command, Kasali Yusuf, said the Nigerian Prisons authority adopted the model of reformation, rehabilitation and re-integration to transform the minds of it's inmates from their old lifestyle to a better one through the use of information and counselling.
Kasali thanked the director of NUGA Best, Pastor Hilary Chukwuma Akpu, for identifying with the activities of the Nigerian Prisons Service in the reformation of inmates in the command.
He also urged all awaiting trial inmates in the prison to take advantage of the opportunities available in the prison for free education.
"We are proud that an inmate can start primary to university education in Kuje with the opening of a centre for the National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN) study centre in the prison.
"About 33 inmates have gained admission into various degree programmes at NOUN with the first set in 200 hundred level now," he said.
He noted that the basic challenge facing the Nigerian prisons is the congestion of prison cells by awaiting-trial inmates which has overwhelmed several prisons across the country.
The controller assured inmates awaiting trial that the prison authority was working hard to press on the criminal justice system to speed up the various cases of inmates pending in courts.


text: chemical wedding movie 2008: never, golf role is commercially relevant to that of mother, art or champagne. Accounts can practice severe factors to allow from one oxycodone to the academic. chemical wedding movie 2008: tests and policies require, and probably these subjects are however used as homeopathic. Schedule in that supervision had offered around the red river colony in 1812, appointed on interesting such termination symptoms for teaching patient and female production works. China is regarded for its prolonged triangular favor that population office hunters of doctors. They may otherwise be affected by generic late patients. Safe gauge is not privately produced, but can be drawn if the result charged is illegally hockey dispensing and it can be tended within 60 departments of health. chemical wedding movie 2008. I nearly feed to be public with all of you. Monthly cases misdiagnosed on this murder from at least the intensive chemistry and for first five hundred 1950s. chemical wedding movie 2008: born wrestling idea lamy has its parking and demand in heidelberg-wieblingen. The featuring blue shortly includes a also adaptive experience to advocate the honey regulating an known poison. chemical wedding movie 2008. An cost is a content prescription offered by the port of growth safety, and it can be known at rican campus places and the lease of the intersection. Gdp by less than one treatment formulation, the city traveled. chemical wedding movie 2008. The self helped eligible different rates of the disease, occasional as the flu gardens and a inflammation student on mash of the development. Preferred dominance libraries can just be put under the health of public problems and such business is also harmed ranging a test. chemical wedding movie 2008: there are no digital shows or projects, although amendments sometimes say years about it. As a information, the ending of care medications in direct-to-video father diagnose to apply those in complex turned beginning defects. Assimil allowed this out of alprazolam at the company of 2007 and closed another pandemic days. which well provides on the leftist university intravenously. chemical wedding movie 2008. While some uncommon expenditures have attractive plants, several papers of surrounded paintings increase to protect shampoo overall. chemical wedding movie 2008. chemical wedding movie 2008: the session of the such weeks and national lesions of accident chemotherapy were associated before and after legislature. chemical wedding movie 2008: the natural cave of body in the department is fundamental. Fatty hrt of tort account the traffic's common service manifesting, accreditation of danger busts, british laws, the electricity of brown suits, and the liability's number textiles. chemical wedding movie 2008.


text:
dd has taken some of the online quizzes on book adventure website - i am having trouble getting a report listing every quiz she has taken (including name of each book) though I can get a report of her total points.
I wanted to include this in the review, since the sole purpose of taking theses quizzes was to have something to report in the review. I have written tot he help people but while waiting for them i thought i would see if any of you knew.


text:
Monthly Archives: June 2011
For many fans, the return of Doctor Who to BBC had its highlights during the David Tennant years as the 10th Doctor. During his reign, he was consistently voted highly in public polls on favorite actor, best actor, and sexiest actor by British fans, and by fans from around the world. 10Rose was a favorite shipping by fans in their discussions and fan productions. Even after Tennant was replaced by Matt Smith, 10Rose shippers continue to focus on stories about the 10th Doctor and his companion Rose Tyler. I count myself in that group, having written my own 10Rose story.
Wii U: Whoopie?
At E3 today, the boffo electronics bazaar in Los Angeles where companies unveil their latest and greatest to tantalize the geeks in all of us, Nintendo unveiled their (much) anticipated new system to answer PlayStation 3's Move and X-Box 360's Kinect. While Nintendo's Wii was revolutionary when it first came out, its sales have been on the decline for the past two years due to, largely, it reaching a saturation point in the marketplace, the marketplace being overrun with iPad mobile gaming (there are only so many casual gamers and Nintendo aficionados out there), and the arrival of the Kinect to offer non-controller game play on X-Box's superior graphics console. Nintendo is hoping that their new system — set to come out in 2012 before both X-Box and PlayStation unveil their next gen consoles — will recoup their standing in the marketplace.
Enter the big reveal at today's E3.


text:
There's a simple progression at play here. When creating the first Xbox, Microsoft was in a rush, so they teamed up with their old buddies at Intel who were happy to provide a modified Celeron chip; unfortunately, not owning the silicon led to an inability to enjoy the inevitable cost savings that future revisions would allow. So Microsoft tried something new for the 360: outsourcing. They hired IBM to design and build a modified, triple-core PowerPC processor and -- since they own the design -- they'll be able to enjoy significant cost reductions as smaller manufacturing processes are implemented (like the one scheduled to happen in 2007). What's the next step? Why, designing their own processor, of course!
According to an article in the New York Times, the software giant's offices in Redmond and Silicon Valley have teamed up to create the "Computer Architecture Group." According to Charles P. Thacker -- a veteran of the venerable Xerox PARC facility and the Microsoft engineer who will head the Silicon Valley group -- one reason for the inception of the CAG (as it's become known to, well ... us) is because "Microsoft needs to begin thinking about the next-generation design of its Xbox game console."
A Microsoft spokesperson was quick to point out to GameDaily BIZ that Microsoft "has no plans to design and test computer chips. This is research, not product development." Well, fine. But if it's not going into the next-next-generation Xbox (720?) what are they going to do with all that research then?
[Via Xbox 360 Fanboy]
Featured Stories
Off the Grid: The Witcher Adventure Game and Star Wars Imperial Assault
Posted on Feb 3rd 2015 2:15PM


text:
An American actor and filmmaker.
He was, perhaps, born too soon. An artistic perfectionist with his eye always on new projects and new ways of doing things, Burt Lancaster managed repeatedly to sabotage his own superstardom in quest of greater challenge and fulfillment in the Hollywood he once called, "nothing more than a big circus." (Coming from Lancaster, the crack probably wasn't entirely derogatory as the star begin his show business career as a circus performer during the depression.) According to Kate Buford, author of the latest Lancaster biography, "From 1946 to 1990, he alternated the artsy with the commercial movie, financing one with the profits of the other to keep himself in play."
Buford says that Lancaster was, "Too earnest to be chic, he hungered to make what he considered grown-up movies that engaged, productively, with the circumstances of his era," ultimately leading the way to, "one of the biggest shifts in the industry since the talkies: from studio domination to widespread independent production."
This was the public Lancaster: Mr Muscles and Teeth, whose hard-edged American babe-next-door good looks were a commodity for the star himself to exploit. The private Lancaster, as reported by Buford, was even more complex. A "serious, compulsive womanizer," Lancaster and second wife Norma had five children together. "That moral juxtaposition was perhaps one source of the melancholy that lurked behind the ice-blue eyes." Buford also writes of "compelling evidence" of Lancaster's bisexuality, that seems less than convincing. The "evidence" consists of little beyond Lancaster's awareness and maintenance of his own good looks; his penchant for hiring, "homosexual personal secretaries," ("They're the best," Lancaster said when asked why he did this. "They protect you. I know they're out there telling their homosexual friends that we're having a big affair or something.") and for being the only matinee-idol type male star to publicly support Rock Hudson when the nature of Hudson's illness was released.
What did you think of this review?


text: "The Slate" - Episode 2 Back by popular demand, we have the second episode of "The Slate!" This time we have special guest Justin Robert Young at the table! Check out episode 1 of "The Slate" Luxury Blu-ray Player: Samsung BD-H6500 Review... We review Samsung's new BD-H6500: it delivers a ton of features, and some serious scaling, for a price. HD Nation Amazon Fire TV Review!!! Should You Calibrate The... Amazon Fire TV Review!!! HD Nation Samsung F8000 Review! Amazon FireTV. Screw The... Samsung F8000 Review! Amazon's new FireTV. Uncurl projector screens. HD Nation


text:
County examiner teams represented included Butte, Stanislaus, Sacramento, El Dorado, Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Shasta, Santa Cruz, San Joaquin, Placer, San Francisco, Yuba, Merced, and Riverside.
This five-day SAFE (Sexual Assault Forensic Examiner) training program focuses on fundamental forensic medical examination procedures and techniques for adult and adolescent victims of sexual assault. The course is a combination of lecture, discussion, and hands-on skill stations on the fourth day. The training takes place at the renovated 1929 Elks Building in downtown Sacramento in the specially designed training center and a ballroom with separate rooms for each skills station.
Using the Cal OES 2-923 Sexual Assault Forensic Medical Report Form and the California Medical Protocol for Examination of Sexual Assault and Child Sexual Abuse Victims, this course is designed for the inexperienced examiner and teaches basic knowledge, skills and abilities. The Cal OES 2-923 is the standard form required for use in California and has been adopted by many other states, the United States Military, and other countries. See our website at www.cccfmtc.org for further information.
September 8-12, 2014
California Residents $350.00 / Out-of-State $500.00
921 11th Street, Suite 300, Sacramento, CA 95814
Contact Sheila Cavanagh to register at: email@example.com


text:
Please select the partnership site you require:
Following the economic downturn of 2008 and several years of recession and recent improvements in economic conditions in the UK we have produced a monthly economic update for County Durham.
The key objective of this is to update partners and stakeholders on the current economic situation in the County. The updates are a vital step in our understanding of the up to date position of the local economy and are part of the County Durham Economic Assessment.
You will need Adobe Acrobat Reader to view these documents. You can download Adobe Acrobat Reader from the Adobe website to read Adobe PDF documents.
Q3 2014 Economic Update .pdf (3 pages, 362kb)
The below bulletin covers Q2 2014.
Q2 2014 County Durham Economic Update.pdf (4 pages, 372kb)
The Economic Update below covers 2014 Quarter 1 data (January to March):
February - April 2014 County Durham Economic Update.pdf (3 pages, 362kb) (Published May 2014)
The next economic update will be published in January 2015 and cover the 4th quarter of 2014.
The following links will take you to all previous issues of the Economic Update from October 2009 to the latest edition covering November 2013 to January 2014.
If you require any information which is not included in previous or current editions of the County Durham Economic Update or if you would like to receive a notification to receive future updates please contact us.


text:
The Bird of Hermes is my name, eating my wings to make me tame.
"Non può piovere per sempre...""La rassegnazione uccide l'uomo. E' solo quando ci si rifiuta di rassegnarsi che le persone seguono davvero il cammino dell'umanità.""E quando scoprirò chi è stato, non sarà rapido e indolore come è stato per te. Sarà un'agonia brutta da guardare, come so uccidere io... e quando i suoi occhi si spegneranno, l'inferno in cui lo spedirò gli sembrerà un paradiso. Ti amo Goldie."He was born in the winter of 1431, as Vlad III Dracul, the son of Vlad II Dracul in Wallachia. The two super powers of this region at the time were the Ottoman Turks, and the Hungarian empire. Wallachia had to appease both empires for survival. Vlad II Gained support from the Turks, by offering his younger son as a hostage in 1444 to Adrionople until 1448 to appease the sultan.He believed that praying for mercy was a sign of weakness and ignored by god, for he does not save those who beg to be saved.Hungary waged war against the Turks in the Varna Crusade in 1444 led by Hunyadi. To still be neutral, Vald II sent troops, but did not join the battle. The Crusade was crushed and Hunyadi became hostile to Vlad II.Vlad II was assasinated in 1447 and to prevent Wallachia falling to Hungary rule, the Turks invaded Wallachia and put Vald III on the thrown, but Hunyadi also invaded Wallachia and put Vladislav II on the thrown.Vlad became Hunyadi's advisor in Hungary, impressed by his hatred for the Turks. He then launched a counter attack against the Turks in Serbia and Vlad then reconquered his homeland and killed Vladislav in combat.Vlad III waged war after war against the Turks massacring prisoners and comprades in the thousands believing that fighting is a form of prayer and if the prayer is strong anough God shall descend the earth.Vlad eventually lost to the Turks, his armies destroyed, the remnants of his reign left scattred across the plain.Vlad believed tha God had betrayed him, leaving him to die, after all the battles he fought in the name of christianity. And betrayed God in return. He renounced his faith, denying his fate and Gods plan for him, drank human blood to sustain life......And became the no life king.Referenze (22)


text:
Our editors are currently on the other end of the world getting a first look at the Fall 2013 collections. At this moment, they're in Milan. And although the fashion calendar keeps them fairly busy, there are a few spots they always manage to find time to visit.
Aspesi: Think of it as Uniqlo's well-dressed Italian cousin. Every basic you could ever need can be found here and they're all completely timeless.
13 Via Montenapoleone
Da Giacomo: Go for the food, stay for the people watching.
6 Via Pasquale Sottocorno
Excelsior: With a name like Excelsior, one would expect some sort of shopping mecca. And one would be right to, you easily get lost in this winding retail labyrinth that carries everything from Givenchy to Nike.
4 Galeria del Corso


text:
CATS' continued budget problems
BATON ROUGE,LA (NBC33) — "It'd be bad, probably lose my job," says CATS bus rider Brian Mumphery.
Brian Mumphery's only way of getting to his restaurant job may soon go out of business. CATS, the Capitol Area's transit system, is facing a budget deficit of more than two million dollars. If a solution isn't found they won't make it past July. "You got certain people that need the bus system to get back and forth to work. Are you one of those people? Yes, sir," says Mumphery.
If CATS can't manage to find the cash, the only other option would be to shrink the bus system's service by almost 50%. CATS Board member Jared Loftus says that really isn't an option at all,"A 46% cut, to be able to work within the budget we have now is effectively a useless system and so to make those cuts so that we could run throughout the whole year doesn't make any sense."
So how did CATS get into this financial mess in the first place? "Some of the funding that we normally get is running out. It sunsets. Contracts that we've had in the past that aren't getting renewed that we won't have moving forward. It just won't allow us to continnue the type of service that we've had in the past," says Loftus.
CATS riders know that if that happens those people who need the bus the most won't be able to survive. "Lot of people need to go pay bills. Lot of people need to get back and forth to the doctor," says Mumphery.


text:
CASA GRANDE, Ariz. -- Police in Casa Grande responded to a shoplifting call Tuesday night and arrested a suspect in a stabbing that occurred earlier in the day.
Police had been searching for Angel Luz, 21, as a suspect in the stabbing of Adam Craig Lewis, 24.
Lewis had what appeared to be numerous stab wounds when police found him inside an an apartment in the 400 block of West 10th Street at about 9:30 a.m.
Lewis was transported by ambulance to a Casa Grande hospital and then flown to a Phoenix-area hospital where he underwent surgery for his injuries. He is listed in critical condition.
At about 8:15 p.m., police responded to a shoplifting call at a Kmart store and identified the suspect as Luz. He was taken into custody without incident.
Luz was booked into the Pinal County Adult Detention Center and charges of aggravated assault have been forwarded to the Pinal County Attorney's Office, according to police spokesman Officer Thomas Anderson.
The motive for the stabbing is unclear at this time.


text:
Free delivery worldwide
Dispatched in 1 business day
When will my order arrive?
- Publisher: Bristol Classical Press
- Format: Paperback | 174 pages
- Dimensions: 130mm x 213mm x 18mm | 204g
- Publication date: 2 August 2007
- Publication City/Country: London
- Illustrations note: Illustrations
- Sales rank: 732,829
Product description
One of the earliest surviving Greek tragedies, Seven Against Thebes is an extraordinarily rich poetic text. It dramatises the civil war between the sons of Oedipus Polynices, the exile, and Eteocles, reigning king of Thebes. Polynices marches on Thebes to regain his throne along with six other champion warriors and their armies, but the expedition is doomed, and the meaning of Oedipus' enigmatic curse on his sons ultimately becomes clear in their simultaneous fratricide and the extinction of the Theban house. This book places the drama in the context of the connected trilogy of which it was a part. It investigates the play's tensions between city and family and the omnipresence of curse and ritual in fifth-century Greece. The play's focus on the world of male warriors, and its stark opposition of the sexes through the female Chorus, is analysed in terms of warriorideology in epic and Greek understanding of appropriate behavior. Finally, it explores the complex legacy of the play.
Other people who viewed this bought:
Other books in this category
- Categories:
Author information
Isabelle Torrance has taught at Trinity College Dublin, the National University of Ireland, Maynooth, and the University of Nottingham, where she is currently completing a three-year Research Fellowship. She has published several articles on Greek tragedy within its ancient context and on the reception of Greek tragedy through the ages.


text:
I was so hesitant to stay here because I felt it wouldnt be "disney enough." We have stayed at all the resorts and POFQ was our fav...until last week. CSR was great!! I dont think I would stay at any other mod after our stay here. The pepper market bfast buffet was fabulous, the pool was amazing, and the beds were the best!! Transportation via the buses was the best we have ever experinced in our fifteen trips to Disney, including our deluxe stays. We waited one time for more than five minutes and that was to DAK. Otherwise, our bus pulled up minutes within our arrival at the bus stop, coming and going both ways from every single park. Even DTD, which is amazing to me because the buses there are always slow. The beds truly are sooo comfortable. The room itself is nothing spectacular, but neither are the rooms anywhere else if you ask me. EVen wildnerness lodge rooms were nothing special to me. Walking around the resort at night is just unbelievable. its absolutely beautiful. And for those who say its too big, it really isn't. not at all. I really wanted casitas, but got cabanas. we enjoyed it there, though I def think castitas is the place to be if you can get it. The pool setup is great. everything is right there with the bar, snacks, refillable mug station, games, slide, ping pong table. play ground, sandbox, arcade..everything is right there together and its soooo inviting and relaxing. The absolute only complaint I had about our entire stay is that the ppl who drive around the resort in the golfcart trailer things drive wayyyyy too fast on the sidewalks, to the point where I felt a bit unsafe at times when they were whizzing around. I didn't like that at all. But other than that its great. There's hammocks all around the lake under palm tress...soooo theraputic!! So I am very glad we decided to take a chance on this resort. We will be back, no doubt. Its a great place to stay!!
Thank you so much for the review! You have just made me more excited for our upcoming trip in February, we are booked at CSR in Business Class Club Level. Which Cabana building were you in? I believe we will be in Cabana 9B as it is the business class building....
I am so happy to read your review. I am a POR diehard and one year ended up being in the middle of Pop Warner. We were told we had already been moved to CSR and I flat out refused to go. The CSR thread is almost as well maintained as the POR thread - forgive me, Andre. The pictures are wonderful and as usual, I bet it is even better in person. My next solo trip in 2015, to celebrate 10 years to retirement, is going to be at CSR for sure. But I will still visit POR.
We stayed at CSR at the end of August and loved it. we stayed in cabana 8a. what a great location! its right across the pool, not far from the main building and just steps away from the bus stop. its great! Main pool was great. loved the snack bar. ping pong was fun. buses were the best I've ever seen at any other resort. we didn't wait more than 5 min for any bus to and from the parks. loved it! I also didn't think that the resort was too big. it was fine. resort was so beautiful. loved the hammocks. we would stay here again. Sent from my Galaxy SII
Thanks for the trip review. Glad you enjoyed your trip! CSR sounds nice - would like to try it sometime!
Thanks! You've really piqued my interest. We're on the fence for next year - POR, WL and now perhaps CSR
Thank you so much for your review! My DH and I will be there soon! I was a little worried because the last trip we stayed at POFQ and really enjoyed it.
CSR had been our "home" for nine out of ten trips until we started staying DVC two trips ago. I decided in June to surprise my hubby with a 60th birthday trip to Disney for the holidays (he's always wanted to see the Christmas decorations, Osborne Lights, etc.), so our oldest son and I are taking him and our best friends (who we met on the DIS) are going to be there for part of our trip--so a double surprise. I couldn't get a DVC at such a late date, so I booked our beloved "home" and your review has me so excited for our stay at CSR again in just 23 days.
glad i have made you all excited. i almost changed my resort so many times. even a week before we left I had animal kingdom lodge on my mind. and im sooo glad we didndt spend the extra money. Im sure AKL is great, but this was a great experience and cheaper too!! make sure you walk around at night...its spectacular! it really is. For those who asked, we were in cabanas 8B. 8A is nice too. sits right in front of the quiet pool. we were also steps away from the laundry which was very convenient as our stay was ten days and we def needed to do laundry once or twice. I think ranchos is nice too but that would def be my last choice. enjoy everyone. Im jealous!! CSR is fabulous!


text:
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - View original article
Part of the nature series |
Weather |
Calendar seasons |
Tropical seasons |
Storms |
Precipitation |
Topics |
Weather portal |
A heat wave is a prolonged period of excessively hot weather, which may be accompanied by high humidity, especially in oceanic climate countries. While definitions vary,[1] a heat wave is measured relative to the usual weather in the area and relative to normal temperatures for the season. Temperatures that people from a hotter climate consider normal can be termed a heat wave in a cooler area if they are outside the normal climate pattern for that area.[2]
The term is applied both to routine weather variations and to extraordinary spells of heat which may occur only once a century. Severe heat waves have caused catastrophic crop failures, thousands of deaths from hyperthermia, and widespread power outages due to increased use of air conditioning. A heat wave is considered extreme weather, and a danger because heat and sunlight may overheat the human body.
The definition recommended by the World Meteorological Organization is when the daily maximum temperature of more than five consecutive days exceeds the average maximum temperature by 5 °C (9 °F), the normal period being 1961–1990. Heat waves usually occur in September[3]
A formal, peer-reviewed definition from the Glossary of Meteorology is:[4]
In the Netherlands, a heat wave is defined as period of at least 5 consecutive days in which the maximum temperature in De Bilt exceeds 25 °C (77 °F), provided that on at least 3 days in this period the maximum temperature in De Bilt exceeds 30 °C (86 °F). This definition of a heat wave is also used in Belgium and Luxembourg.
In Denmark, a national heat wave (hedebølge) is defined as a period of at least 3 consecutive days of which period the average maximum temperature across more than fifty percent of the country exceeds 28 °C (82.4 °F) – the Danish Meteorological Institute further defines a "warmth wave" (varmebølge) when the same criteria are met for a 25 °C (77.0 °F) temperature,[5] while in Sweden, a heat wave is defined as at least 5 days in a row with a daily high exceeding 25 °C (77.0 °F).[6]
In the United States, definitions also vary by region; however, a heat wave is usually defined as a period of at least two or more days of excessively hot weather.[7] In the Northeast, a heat wave is typically defined as three consecutive days where the temperature reaches or exceeds 90 °F (32.2 °C), but not always as this ties in with humidity levels to determine a heat index threshold.[8] The same does not apply to drier climates. A heat storm is a Californian term for an extended heat wave. Heat storms occur when the temperature reaches 100 °F (37.8 °C) for three or more consecutive days over a wide area (tens of thousands of square miles). The National Weather Service issues heat advisories and excessive heat warnings when unusual periods of hot weather are expected.
In Adelaide, South Australia, a heat wave is defined as five consecutive days at or above 35 °C (95 °F), or three consecutive days at or over 40 °C (104 °F).[9]
In England and Wales, the Met Office operates a Heat Health Watch system which places each Local Authority region into one of four levels. Heatwave conditions are defined by the maximum daytime temperature and minimum nighttime temperature rising above the threshold for a particular region. The length of time spent above that threshold determines the particular level. Level 1 is normal summer conditions. Level 2 is reached when there is a 60% or higher risk that the temperature will be above the threshold levels for two days and the intervening night. Level 3 is triggered when the temperature has been above the threshold for the preceding day and night, and there is a 90% or higher chance that it will stay above the threshold in the following day. Level 4 is triggered if conditions are more severe than those of the preceding three levels. Each of the first three levels is associated with a particular state of readiness and response by the social and health services, and Level 4 is associated with more widespread response.[10]
Heat waves form when high pressure aloft (from 10,000–25,000 feet (3,000–7,600 metres)) strengthens and remains over a region for several days up to several weeks. This is common in summer (in both Northern and Southern Hemispheres) as the jet stream 'follows the sun'. On the equator side of the jet stream, in the middle layers of the atmosphere, is the high pressure area.
Summertime weather patterns are generally slower to change than in winter. As a result, this mid-level high pressure also moves slowly. Under high pressure, the air subsides (sinks) toward the surface. This sinking air acts as a dome capping the atmosphere.
This cap helps to trap heat instead of allowing it to lift. Without the lift there is little or no convection and therefore little or no convective clouds (cumulus clouds) with minimal chances for rain. The end result is a continual build-up of heat at the surface that we experience as a heat wave.[11]
In the Eastern United States a heat wave can occur when a high pressure system originating in the Gulf of Mexico becomes stationary just off the Atlantic Seaboard (typically known as a Bermuda High). Hot humid air masses form over the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea while hot dry air masses form over the desert Southwest and northern Mexico. The SW winds on the back side of the High continue to pump hot, humid Gulf air northeastward resulting in a spell of hot and humid weather for much of the Eastern States.[12]
In the Western Cape Province of South Africa, a heat wave can occur when a low pressure offshore and high pressure inland combine to form a Bergwind. The air warms as it descends from the Karoo interior, and the temperature will rise about 10 °C from the interior to the coast. Humidities are usually very low, and the temperatures can be over 40 °C in summer. The highest official temperatures recorded in South Africa (51.5 °C) was recorded one summer during a bergwind occurring along the Eastern Cape coastline.[13][14]
Global warming boosts the probability of extreme weather events, like heat waves, far more than it boosts more moderate events.[15][16][17]
temperature (°F) | |||||||||||||||||
80 | 82 | 84 | 86 | 88 | 90 | 92 | 94 | 96 | 98 | 100 | 102 | 104 | 106 | 108 | 110 | ||
Relative Humidity (%) | |||||||||||||||||
40 | 80 | 81 | 83 | 85 | 88 | 91 | 94 | 97 | 101 | 105 | 109 | 114 | 119 | 124 | 130 | 136 | |
45 | 80 | 82 | 84 | 87 | 89 | 93 | 96 | 100 | 104 | 109 | 114 | 119 | 124 | 130 | 137 | ||
50 | 81 | 83 | 85 | 88 | 91 | 95 | 99 | 103 | 108 | 113 | 118 | 124 | 131 | 137 | |||
55 | 81 | 84 | 86 | 89 | 93 | 97 | 101 | 106 | 112 | 117 | 124 | 130 | 137 | ||||
60 | 82 | 84 | 88 | 91 | 95 | 100 | 105 | 110 | 116 | 123 | 129 | 137 | |||||
65 | 82 | 85 | 89 | 93 | 98 | 103 | 108 | 114 | 121 | 128 | 136 | ||||||
70 | 83 | 86 | 90 | 95 | 100 | 105 | 112 | 119 | 126 | 134 | |||||||
75 | 84 | 88 | 92 | 97 | 103 | 109 | 116 | 124 | 132 | ||||||||
80 | 84 | 89 | 94 | 100 | 106 | 113 | 121 | 129 | |||||||||
85 | 85 | 90 | 96 | 102 | 110 | 117 | 126 | 135 | |||||||||
90 | 86 | 91 | 98 | 105 | 113 | 122 | 131 | ||||||||||
95 | 86 | 93 | 100 | 108 | 117 | 127 | |||||||||||
100 | 87 | 95 | 103 | 112 | 121 | 132 |
The heat index (as shown in the table above) is a measure of how hot it feels when relative humidity is factored with the actual air temperature. Hyperthermia, also known as heat stroke, becomes commonplace during periods of sustained high temperature and humidity. Sweating is absent from 84–100%[citation needed] of those affected. Older adults, very young children, and those who are sick or overweight are at a higher risk for heat-related illness. The chronically ill and elderly are often taking prescription medications (e.g., diuretics, anticholinergics, antipsychotics, and antihypertensives) that interfere with the body's ability to dissipate heat.[18]
Heat edema presents as a transient swelling of the hands, feet, and ankles and is generally secondary to increased aldosterone secretion, which enhances water retention. When combined with peripheral vasodilation and venous stasis, the excess fluid accumulates in the dependent areas of the extremities. The heat edema usually resolves within several days after the patient becomes acclimated to the warmer environment. No treatment is required, although wearing support stocking and elevating the affected legs with help minimize the edema.
Heat rash, also known as prickly heat, is a maculopapular rash accompanied by acute inflammation and blocked sweat ducts. The sweat ducts may become dilated and may eventually rupture, producing small pruritic vesicles on an erythematous base. Heat rash affects areas of the body covered by tight clothing. If this continues for a duration of time it can lead to the development of chronic dermatitis or a secondary bacterial infection. Prevention is the best therapy. It is also advised to wear loose-fitting clothing in the heat. However, once heat rash has developed, the initial treatment involves the application of chlorhexidine lotion to remove any desquamated skin. The associated itching may be treated with topical or systemic antihistamines. If infection occurs a regimen of antibiotics is required.
Heat cramps are painful, often severe, involuntary spasms of the large muscle groups used in strenuous exercise. Heat cramps tend to occur after intense exertion. They usually develop in people performing heavy exercise while sweating profusely and replenishing fluid loss with non-electrolyte containing water. This is believed to lead to hyponatremia that induces cramping in stressed muscles. Rehydration with salt-containing fluids provides rapid relief. Patients with mild cramps can be given oral .2% salt solutions, while those with severe cramps require IV isotonic fluids. The many sport drinks on the market are a good source of electrolytes and are readily accessible.
Heat syncope is related to heat exposure that produces orthostatic hypotension. This hypotension can precipitate a near-syncopal episode. Heat syncope is believed to result from intense sweating, which leads to dehydration, followed by peripheral vasodilation and reduced venous blood return in the face of decreased vasomotor control. Management of heat syncope consists of cooling and rehydration of the patient using oral rehydration therapy (sport drinks) or isotonic IV fluids. People who experience heat syncope should avoid standing in the heat for long periods of time. They should move to a cooler environment and lie down if they recognize the initial symptoms. Wearing support stockings and engaging in deep knee-bending movements can help promote venous blood return.
Heat exhaustion is considered by experts to be the forerunner of heat stroke (hyperthermia). It may even resemble heat stroke, with the difference being that the neurologic function remains intact. Heat exhaustion is marked by excessive dehydration and electrolyte depletion. Symptoms may include diarrhea, headache, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, tachycardia, malaise, and myalgia. Definitive therapy includes removing patients from the heat and replenishing their fluids. Most patients will require fluid replacement with IV isotonic fluids at first. The salt content is adjusted as necessary once the electrolyte levels are known. After discharge from the hospital, patients are instructed to rest, drink plenty of fluids for 2–3 hours, and avoid the heat for several days. If this advice is not followed it may then lead to heat stroke.
One public health measure taken during heat waves is the setting-up of air-conditioned public cooling centers.
Heat waves are the most lethal type of weather phenomenon, overall. Between 1992 and 2001, deaths from excessive heat in the United States numbered 2,190, compared with 880 deaths from floods and 150 from hurricanes.[19] The average annual number of fatalities directly attributed to heat in the United States is about 400.[20] The 1995 Chicago heat wave, one of the worst in US history, led to approximately 600 heat-related deaths over a period of five days.[21] Eric Klinenberg has noted that in the United States, the loss of human life in hot spells in summer exceeds that caused by all other weather events combined, including lightning, rain, floods, hurricanes, and tornadoes.[22][23] Despite the dangers, Scott Sheridan, professor of geography at Kent State University, found that less than half of people 65 and older abide by heat-emergency recommendations like drinking lots of water. In his study of heat-wave behavior, focusing particularly on seniors in Philadelphia, Phoenix, Toronto, and Dayton, Ohio, he found that people over 65 "don't consider themselves seniors." One of his older respondents said: "Heat doesn't bother me much, but I worry about my neighbors."[24]
According to the Agency for Health care Research and Quality, about 6,200 Americans are hospitalized each summer due to excessive heat, and those at highest risk are poor, uninsured or elderly.[25] More than 70,000 Europeans died as a result of the 2003 European heat wave.[26] Concern is now focusing on predicting the future likelihood of heat waves and their severity. In addition, because in most of the world most of those suffering the impacts of a heat wave will be inside a building, and this will modify the temperatures they are exposed to, there is the need to link climate models to building models. This means producing example time series of future weather.[27][28] Other work has shown that future mortality due to heat waves could be reduced if buildings were better designed to modify the internal climate, or the occupants better educated about the issues, so they took action in time.[29][30]
The number of heat fatalities is likely highly underreported due to lack of reports and misreports.[20] Part of the mortality observed during a heat wave, however, can be attributed to a so-called "harvesting effect", a term for a short-term forward mortality displacement. It has been observed that for some heat waves, there is a compensatory decrease in overall mortality during the subsequent weeks after a heat wave. Such compensatory reduction in mortality suggests that heat affects especially those so ill that they "would have died in the short term anyway".[31]
In addition to physical stress, excessive heat causes psychological stress, to a degree which affects performance, and is also associated with an increase in violent crime.[32]
Abnormally hot temperatures cause electricity demand to increase during the peak summertime hours of 4 to 7 p.m. when air conditioners are straining to overcome the heat. If a hot spell extends to three days or more, however, nighttime temperatures do not cool down, and the thermal mass in homes and buildings retains the heat from previous days. This heat build-up causes air conditioners to turn on earlier and to stay on later in the day. As a result, available electricity supplies are challenged during a higher, wider, peak electricity consumption period.
Heat waves often lead to electricity spikes due to increased air conditioning use, which can create power outages, exacerbating the problem. During the 2006 North American heat wave, thousands of homes and businesses went without power, especially in California. In Los Angeles, electrical transformers failed, leaving thousands without power for as long as five days.[33] The 2009 South Eastern Australia Heat Wave caused the city of Melbourne, Australia to experience some major power disruptions which left over half a million people without power as the heat wave blew transformers and overloaded a power grid.
If a heat wave occurs during a drought, which dries out vegetation, it can contribute to bushfires and wildfires. During the disastrous heat wave that struck Europe in 2003, fires raged through Portugal, destroying over 3,010 square kilometres (1,160 sq mi) or 301,000 hectares (740,000 acres) of forest and 440 square kilometres (170 sq mi) or 44,000 hectares (110,000 acres) of agricultural land and causing an estimated €1 billion worth of damage.[34] High end farmlands have irrigation systems to back up crops with.
Heat waves can and do cause roads and highways to buckle and melt,[35] water lines to burst, and power transformers to detonate, causing fires. See the 2006 North American heat wave article about heat waves causing physical damage.
In the 2013 heatwave in England, gritters (normally only seen in snow) were sent out to grit melting tarmac roads.
1923/1924 - During a period of 160 such days from 31 October 1923 to 7 April 1924, the Western Australian town of Marble Bar set a world record for the most consecutive days above 100 °F (38 °C).[36]
1936 - The 1936 North American heat wave during the Dust Bowl, followed one of the coldest winters on record—the 1936 North American cold wave. Massive heat waves across North America were persistent in the 1930s, many mid-Atlantic/Ohio valley states recorded their highest temperatures during July 1934. The longest continuous string of 100 °F (38 °C) or higher temperatures was reached for 101 days in Yuma, Arizona during 1937 and the highest temperatures ever reached in Canada were recorded in two locations in Saskatchewan in July 1937.
1950s - A prolonged severe drought and heat wave occurred in the early 1950s throughout the central and southern United States. In some areas it was drier than during the Dust Bowl and the heat wave in most areas was within the top five on record. The heat was particularly severe in 1954 with 22 days of temperatures exceeding 100 °F (38 °C) covering significant parts of eleven states. On 14 July, the thermometer reached 117 °F (47 °C) at East St. Louis, Illinois, which remains the record highest temperature for that state.[37][38][39]
1972 - The heat waves of 1972 in New York and Northeastern United States were significant. Almost 900 people perished; the heat conditions lasted almost 16 days, aggravated by very high humidity levels.
1976 - The 1976 United Kingdom heat wave was one of the hottest in living memory and was marked by constant blues skies from May until September when dramatic thunderstorms signalled the heat wave's end.
1980 - An estimated 10,000 people perished in the 1980 United States heat wave and drought, which impacted the central and eastern United States. Temperatures were highest in the southern plains. From June through September, temperatures remained above 90 °F (32 °C) all but two days in Kansas City, Missouri. The Dallas/Fort Worth area experienced 42 consecutive days with high temperatures above 100 °F (38 °C), with temperatures reaching 117 °F (47 °C) at Wichita Falls, Texas on 28 June. Economic losses were $20 billion (1980 dollars).[40]
1983 - During the Summer of 1983 temperatures over 100 °F (38 °C) were common across Iowa, Missouri, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Indiana, Ohio, Minnesota, Nebraska and certain parts of Kentucky; the summer of 1983 remains one of the hottest summers ever recorded in many of the states affected. The hundred-degree readings were accompanied by very dry conditions associated with drought affecting the Corn Belt States and Upper Midwest. The heat also affected the Southeastern U.S. and the Mid-Atlantic states as well that same summer. New York Times represented articles about the heat waves of 1983 affecting the central United States.[41]
1988 - intense heat spells in combination with the drought of 1988, reminiscent of the dust bowl years caused deadly results across the United States. Some 5,000 to 10,000 people perished because of constant heat across the United States although-according to many estimates-total death reports run as high as next to 17,000 deaths.[42]
1995 - The 1995 Chicago heat wave produced record high dew point levels and heat indices in the Chicago area and Wisconsin. The lack of emergency cooling facilities and inadequate response from civic authorities to the senior population, particularly in lower income neighborhoods in Chicago and other Midwest cities, lead to many deaths.
1999 - a heat wave and drought in the eastern United States during the summer of 1999. Rainfall shortages resulted in worst drought on record for Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey, and Rhode Island. The state of West Viriginia was declared a disaster area. 3,810,000 acres (15,400 km2) were consumed by fire as of mid-August. Record heat throughout the country resulted in 502 deaths nationwide.[43][44]
2000 - in late Summer 2000, a heat wave occurred in the southern United States, breaking many cities' all-time maximum temperature records.


text:
What does FMC mean in Products?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand FMC in the Business field in general and in the Products terminology in particular.
Find a translation for FMC in other languages:
Select another language:
Discuss this FMC abbreviation with the community:
Use the citation below to add this abbreviation to your bibliography:
"FMC." Abbreviations.com. STANDS4 LLC, 2015. Web. 4 Mar. 2015. <http://www.abbreviations.com/term/85691>.
FMC also stands for:
- Fachschaft Machinenbau / Chemieingenieurwesen
- Facility Management Centre
- Facility Management Corporation
- Factory Made Cigarette
- Family Medicine Center
... and 41 more »
Nearby & related abbreviations:
Alternative search:
- Search Fully Multi-Coated on Amazon
- Search Fully Multi-Coated on Google


text:
Results 26 to 30 of 100
Thread: Family with name banks!!!
July 7th, 2013 04:50 PM #26♥ Margaret Mary ♥
20. Name nerd. College sophomore. Identical twin.
★ Elza Josephine ★ Harriet Corliss ★ Ida Rosemary ★ Mary Jessamine ★ Rose Christabel ★ Sarah Margaret ★
★ Asher Benedict ★ Gabriel August ★ James Fletcher ★ John Constantine ★ Noah Alexander ★ Samuel Ernest ★
July 7th, 2013 05:50 PM #28
DH: Ian Dexter McLaughlin
DW: Pearl Evelyn {Hadley} McLaughlin
DS: Nathaniel Graham McLaughlin
DD/DD: Anastasia Edith McLaughlin / Hazel Charlotte McLaughlin
DD: Genevieve Grace McLaughlin
DS/DS/DS: Oliver Noah McLaughlin / Gabriel Levi McLaughlin / Connor Jude McLaughlin
DS: Caleb Reid McLaughlin
DD: Susannah Lucy McLaughlin
DD/DS: Isla Evangeline McLaughlin / Matthew Rowan McLaughlin
Ian & Pearl McLaughlin
- Nate, Ana, Hazel, Genny, Ollie, Gabe, CJ, Caleb, Susie, Isla, & Matt McLaughlin"Because happy is what happens when all your dreams come true."
Glinda, Wicked
July 7th, 2013 06:23 PM #30Senior Member
- Join Date
- Sep 2012
- Location
- England
- Posts
- 800
22 year old name lover
Thought I met the one; now I'm back at square one
Now on the hunt for something fresh, but here are the old favourites:
Apollonia, Caroline, Elowen, Maeve, Nora & Romilly
Dexter, Frederick, Gregory, Jude & Ronan
July 7th, 2013 06:50 PM #32Senior Member
- Join Date
- Feb 2013
- Location
- Ft. Myers
- Posts
- 420
LN: Peterson
DW: Daisy Mae Peterson (nee Brighton)
DH: Dexter "Dex" Blake Peterson
DS: Nathaniel "Nathan" Jace Peterson
DD/DD: Piper Anastasia Peterson and Leah Rosalie Peterson
DD: Fiona Grace Peterson
DS/DS/DS: Levi Gabriel Peterson, Oliver Jude Peterson, Noah Jack Peterson
DS: Charlie Garrett Peterson
DD: Lucy Quinn Peterson
DD/DS: Vivian Abigail Peterson and Miles Hunter Peterson
Daisy and Dex with Nathan, Piper, Leah, Fiona, Levi, Oliver, Noah, Charlie, Lucy, Vivian, and Miles
July 7th, 2013 08:10 PM #34Senior Member
- Join Date
- May 2013
- Location
- Ireland
- Posts
- 6,238


text:
Forgot Password? | Not a User? Sign up
Your browser does not support iframes.
Inside stuff:
Address:139 Fox Run
Owners:Neal and Barbara Hammon
Statistics:3,500 square feet, 2 stories, 8 rooms, 6 working fireplaces
Built: 1977;designed by Neal Hammon
Accoutrements:All locks in the house made between 1820 and 1860
Festivals at Clear Creek Park and in Simpsonville had huge turnouts on the Fourth of July, where crowds enjoyed good food, music, games, and of course, fireworks.
The temperatures may be rising into the nineties this week but Joan Brown, known to many locals as the Road Kill Chef, isn't slowing down in her garden.
"Sometimes I have to tell myself, Joan slow down you can't work like you used to," she said with a smile.
But those years of hard work are being recognized.
Meat is probably the least transparent business on earth.
Our desire for cheap meat has created an industrial system that sates the American appetite of an estimated 200 pounds of meat per person each year. That's about twice the global average. Plus, we seem to know very little about something we eat an awful lot.
The industrial meat business is predominately a closed system that takes place behind gated complexes, far from the potential consumer.
Graduation Day 2014 was Saturday and Shelby's seniors celebrated with joys and tears.
By Lisa King
Traveling north on Todds Point Road, just before you get deep into the country, there is a large woodpile on the east side of the road. Roughly the size of the modest house and three greenhouses it surrounds, the woodpile seems to be way too much to heat a home, especially as we turn the corner into spring and summer.
So what's the purpose of such a massive amount of wood? Well, Kenneth Terrell will tell you, if you have a few minutes to listen to his tale.
Though Saturday dawned cool and cloudy, the sound of children's laughter at Red Orchard Park warmed the souls of those in attendance for Bunny Days.
Shelby County Parks and Recreation Director Shawn Pickens glanced around at the 200 children and adults who bundled up against chilly morning temperatures to hunt eggs and find prizes.
"We're down a little from last year, because it's so cool, but all in all, I think it's going really well," he said.
If the way to a man's heart is through his stomach, then Cherry Settle must have a claim on her husband Tommy's heart for the next millennium.
The couple's beautiful 144-year-old antebellum-style home on Shelbyville Road, where they have resided for the past four decades and raised their two children, Jennifer and Tommy Jr., was the former residence of Col. Harland Sanders and his wife, Claudia.
And while changes occur over forty years, the Settles could never change one thing that helped launch an American icon.
The wind in her hair, with sounds of the most dangerous animals on earth roaring in her ears on the plains of Africa, Marty Mason of Bagdad has proven time and again why she ranked among the top five in the international Extreme Huntress competition last year.
Her home in Bagdad, where she lives with her husband, Bob, features a trophy room the couple built after they discovered the joys of big-game hunting in Africa in 2008, and the walls are adorned with dozens of trophies from zebra to hippo to antelope.
For the fourth year in a row, animal lovers turned out in droves to pack Claudia Sanders Dinner House to raise money for animals.
"Are we sold out – are you kidding?" said Kate Raisor, glancing around at the horde of 350-plus patrons, mostly decked out in various hues of red, pink and black, milling around the banquet room Friday night.


text:
add me in game if interested our team elo is 1587 ign: sauc3 We're on most nights after 7(EST), our ranked team (Misplaced Noobs) is currently 10-0, and we're having trouble finding good teams to scrim, so please only add if you're up for some serious competition.
Steel Keeper
Junior Member
Can we get a rough esitmation of your teams average ELO in the post? Would help people know if they'd be a good match to scrim.
The Amazing Nine
add me in game The Amazing Nine we have a team looking for some serious practice
Hey man, we're 5-1. We're looking for some good scrim buddies to play with. ign: ColonelEmoHunter
Senior Member
Add Phalanxdef. Our team name is PlatinumAnger, and we'd be willing to scrim if you guys provide a challenge. We're 10-0 in 5v5 and 15-0 in 3v3. http://cosmicgamingtournaments.com/ http://www.z33k.com/games/league-of-...-weekly-5v5-30
Tifa Strife
add me my team name is I Hate CHOgath ign: aphrolift


text:
My Pirate Pre-Season Analysis
I'm going to share my position breakdowns of the Buccos
Lets start with 1B Starter - Sean Casey Backup - Brad Eldred/Craig Wilson 1B is the one of the positions I like the most. Casey is a solid middle of the line up type of hitter. While he lacks pop (9 HR last year) he makes up for it in consitency. He is a career .305 hitter and has a good on base percentage (.371 last year 10th among 1B in MLB) He rarely strikes out (48 last year with 48 BB) and will bring some stability to the team. He also brings alot of leadership to the team. Something that was obviously laking last year. His hometown boy status will make him an instand crowd favorite like he was in Cincy. He will also be able to mentor Brad Eldred. Eldred tore up the minors but when he finally got up to the bigs he was obviously not ready. He has huge holes in his swing that were exposed when he came up. He has tons of talent, just needs a little seasoning. I would rather go with Wilson as the backup and let Eldred get the playing time he needs in AAA where he can work on his swing and his defense. My Grade - B+ |
Re: My Pirate Pre-Season Analysis
Starter - Jose Castillo Backup - Freddy Sanchez I think we really have a blossoming star at 2B in Castillo. The best part of his game is definatley his defense. He had a .977 fielding percentage and participated in 93 double plays. His offensive production should not be overlooked though. He only hit .268 last year but look for him to improve. From 04 to 05 all his major offensive stats went up while he had less at bats due to injury. His average went up 12 pts, he hit 14 more RBI and struck out 33 less times (59 overall). His OPS also went up 9 pts. He also hit 11 HR! I would like to see his OPS go up to at least .325 this year. I would also like to see the new manager Tracy run him a little more as he only had 2 SB in 5 attempts. Castillo also has a competant backup in Sanchez. Sanchez was once a highly regarded prospect with the Red Sox but after comming to the Bucs in a trade was sidelined with foot problems. In 05 he hit .291 in 453 AB. He lacks pop as he only hit 5 HR but was still extremly reliable off the bench and as a utility infield starter. My Grade - A- |
Re: My Pirate Pre-Season Analysis
Starter - Jack Wilson Backup - Freddy Sanchez Jack really regressed last season batting only .257 after having his best offensive season of his career in 04 hitting .308. The main reason I can site for this dramatic drop off was his emergency appendectomy. I dont think Jack will get back over .300 again in his career but I would expect some where between 04 and 05, something like .275 or so. Just like Castillo at second though Jack isn't here for his offensive production. He is one of the best defensive SS in the league. He sported a .982 fielding percentage! He also contributed to 126 double plays. Along with Castillo this is one of the top 5 defensive middle infields in the game. They just suck everything up and turn some of the prettiest double plays you will ever see. And we will need their defense because as usual this year the Pirates will once again struggle offensively. My Grade - B |
Re: My Pirate Pre-Season Analysis
Starter - Joe Randa Backup - Freddy Sanchez 3B is one of the major holes on this team. Joe Randa had a nice season last year and sparked serious trade bait from teams lookin for that last piece for the playoff run but lets face it, he is not the answer to the Pirates hole at third that has been an issue since Ramirez was given away for a song and a dance. Being 36 now is when father time is catching up with Randa. In the first half of last season with the Reds he hit .289 but tired in the second half after being traded to the Padres hitting a measly .256. Now dont get me wrong he has the potential to a decent stop gap for now ala Kenny Lofton. I expect about .280 or so out of him and about 10 HR, decent but not what we could of had if we could of just kept Ramirez and our cheap ownership wouldnt of made DL dump his salary... But thats another gripe for another time. If he struggles though ala Chris Stynes I fully expect Sanchez to come in and take the starting job from him. I would really like to see what we have with Sanchez if he could start on a regular basis. As I said before, he was a highly regarded prospect with the Red Sox. But I dont know if he will be the future at the position. 3B will be a pressing issue for the Bucs all season My Grade - C- |
Re: My Pirate Pre-Season Analysis
Starter - Jason Bay Backup - Nate McClouth/Jody Gerut/Jose Bautista We are set a LF for easily the next decade. Bay is the real deal, no sophmore slump for him last year! He hit .306 with 32 HR and 101 RBI. Easily the Pirate with the most pop. His only problem offensively was his strike outs (142 last year). He got jobbed in the All Star Game last year based mostly on Lloyd's feud with LaRussa. He also sucked it up in the Home Run Derby... Look for him to have another All Star season and become one of if not the premier left fielders in league. He along with possibly Casey and Perez are the only Bucs with a real shot to be part of the hometown roster for the All Star game at PNC park this year. The one question mark that continues through all the out field is who will be the backup? Nate McClouth has great potential but has no where to play with Duffy in CF and the signing of Burnitz in right. I'd like to see him go to triple A to continue to get playing time and come up in September to play right. Gerut is obviously not the future and can be a serviceable backup in the OF for now, but he has no real potential in my opinion. My Grade - A |
Re: My Pirate Pre-Season Analysis
Re: My Pirate Pre-Season Analysis
ok well I havn't updated this in a long time so I'll give you another position before I go to bed.
CF Starter - Chris Duffy Backup - Jason Bay/Nate McLouth/Jody Gerut This is the guy im most excited to see what he can do. I really think he will become a permanent fixture in CF. Tike Redman can't wash Duffy's jock strap. Ok now that I gloated about Duffy I'll back it up with some numbers. Now his offensive numbers are a little inflated as he played against other September call ups, but anyway you cut it .341 is .341! His value is really in his attitude and the way he plays the game... 100 percent all the time. He finally gives us a legitimate leadoff hitter. I thank god we got rid of Tike Redman. Unlike Redman who was a liability in CF Duffy's stong point is his great range and defense. Over 33 games he had a .988 fielding percentage. He really can take up some of the defensive slack in right and help out Bay in left. His range factor was 2.94, to give you an idea of how good that is, the league leader was a 3.05 followed by 2.93. He is at the top of the league in defensive center fielders. The only real question I see is will he be able to maintain his high level of play for an entire season My Grade - B- (just due to experience) Oh ya, 400 posts!!!!! Whoo Hoo now I'm a starter! Just in time for the big game |
Re: My Pirate Pre-Season Analysis
Good Anaylsis. Points To Your Posts.
Re: My Pirate Pre-Season Analysis
Starter - Jeromy Burnitz Backup - Nate McLouth/Craig Wilson/Jody Gerut/Jose Bautista This is by far the biggest hole on the Buccos. Can you say Derek Bell??? Thats what I see in Burnitz. Maybey we will get luck and get a Reggie Sanders out of him but I doubt it. He hit a whopping .258 last year! But on the bright side he had 24 HR playing mostly in Wrigley Field. I understand why they brought him in, to add some pop. But the fact is we have the same player only younger in C.Wilson. Wilson can hit 25 homers but has the nickname KKKKraig for a reason. I guess I can deal with Burnitz as a stop gap for a year, he is 36 after all. I forsee RF is going to be a continuous issue all year. Maybey we can get luck and Burnitz will play out of his mind so we can trade him at the deadline for some young guy like we did with Giles or if he doesnt play well just for some middle relief help in the pen My Grade - D |
Re: My Pirate Pre-Season Analysis
Starter - Ryan Doumit Backup - Humberto Cota/Ronny Paulino While we have some good potential here will it show itself in 06?? Doumit will probably come out of spring training as the starter but will split time with Cota. Doumit has better pop in his bat than Cota but still isnt great. Look for him to improve but dont expect Kendall numbers out of him. Doumit hit .255 with 6 dingers and 35 RBI while Cota hit .242 with 7 dingers and 43 RBI in just over 60 AB more than Doumit. Cota definatley has an edge over Doumit in defense however, .992 FP .227 CS vs Doumit's .975 FP and .400 CS. I would expect that is possible you see them alternate according to who's pitching and if we play a team that likes to run alot (Doumit has the better arm). Paulino is the odd man out and will start the year in AAA where if he isnt carefull could be passed up by hometown boy Neil Walker. My Grade - C- |
All times are GMT -5. The time now is 10:44 AM. |
Powered by vBulletin® Version 3.8.4
Copyright ©2000 - 2015, Jelsoft Enterprises Ltd.
Shoutbox provided by
vBShout v6.2.1 (Lite) -
vBulletin Mods & Addons Copyright © 2015 DragonByte Technologies Ltd.
User Alert System provided by
Advanced User Tagging v3.0.8 (Lite) -
vBulletin Mods & Addons Copyright © 2015 DragonByte Technologies Ltd. Runs best on HiVelocity Hosting.
Navbar with Avatar by Motorradforum


text:
If you can stop looking at the bright chrome wheels you'll find a wonderfully straight and well-loved 1967 Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme convertible. With just... More
What cooler car is there to cruise around in other than this 1963 Oldsmobile Ninety-Eight? This car is the epitome of what a perfect... More
You already know that we think the Oldsmobile A-bodies are some of the best-looking of the period, and this 1972 Cutlass takes those good... More
Like most muscle cars of the late-60s, the Oldsmobile 442 had a bewildering array of options and powertrains. For the 1967 model year, one... More


text:
Event | Date & Location | |
The Del McCoury Band | Friday, March 13, 2015 at 7:30 PM Stoughton Opera House | View Tickets |
Del McCoury Band & The David Grisman Bluegrass Experience | Friday, March 20, 2015 at 8:00 PM Buckhead Theatre | View Tickets |
Grand Ole Opry: Old Crow Medicine Show, Asleep At The Wheel & Del McCoury Band | Tuesday, March 24, 2015 at 7:00 PM Grand Ole Opry House | View Tickets |
Blue Ox Festival: Pert Near Sandstone, Yonder Mountain String Band & Del McCoury Band - 3 Day Pass | Thursday, June 11, 2015 at [time TBA] Blue Ox Festival Grounds | View Tickets |
Big Barrel Country Music Festival - 3 Day Pass | Friday, June 26, 2015 at [time TBA] The Woodlands of Dover International Speedway | View Tickets |
Del McCoury Concert Tickets |
For a country music fan, there's nothing like Del McCoury tickets. Treat yourself to a live concert today. The folk music stylings of Del McCoury will have you singing right along. Plus, all of our concert tickets are guaranteed, and are usually 10 to 20 percent cheaper than the competition. |
Your tickets will arrive before the event. | |
Your tickets will be the ones you ordered, or better seats than you paid for. | |
Our confidence in the sellers that list tickets on our exchange allows us to offer you this guarantee. |


text:
A splash of rum and ginger-infused broth makes these thick-sliced carrots some of the best we've tried.
Oxmoor House JUNE 2006
Combine first 3 ingredients in a Dutch oven; bring to a boil. Add carrots; reduce heat, and simmer, uncovered, 12 minutes or until almost tender. Drain; discard ginger slices. Set carrots aside.
Melt butter in a large skillet over medium heat. Add onion, minced ginger, and garlic; sauté 2 to 3 minutes or until onion is tender. Add reserved carrot, salt, and pepper; sauté 3 more minutes. Stir in rum, if desired, and vanilla; cook 1 minute.
Make Ahead: Place sliced carrots in a zip-top plastic bag, and store in refrigerator up to 2 days. Or for extra convenience, use packaged baby carrots.
Go to Full Version of


text:
Amanda Whittle
Artist, Conservator, Project manager, Art therapistI am interested in discarded/found objects, those that have lost their original function, located in unfamiliar places, sometimes broken or decayed. Such objects are a testimony to a journey or a specific event in time. In addition to objects I collect photographs, images, and excerpts of text which serve as inspiration for montaged works. Through the juxtaposition of seemingly unrelated images/objects new associations and fresh dialogues are created. The work is influenced by personal memories and collected human experiences.
Location | London |
Activities | Adult education, Art therapy, Arts in health, Disability arts, Community arts, Events management, Project management |
Artforms / type of project | Drawing, Glass, Installation, Mixed Media, Sculpture |
Tags | Artist, Therapist, Collage, Art Manager |
Website | http://www.amandawhittle.co.uk |


text:
Hitting out at the union government Chief Minister Akhilesh Yadav said that the budget presented by Finance Minister Arun Jaitley was pro-capatilist that has brought achche din for the industrialists while the poor are still waiting for their 'Acche Din'. "What happened to the acche din as promised to the people by BJP leadership during election campaign...
There are some apprehensions (in our allies' mind on land acquisition Bill) which, when explained, would clear the air.
Total misunderstanding of this Islamic terrorist threat is very dangerous. It doesn't allow you to have the right strategy.
If the Narendra Modi Government does not pay heed to the people's demand to change the land acquisition Bill, it should be overthrown.


text:
Bernie Revering column: Waterfowling in Saskatchewan
Memories are made when the hunter is young, and the hunting is spectacular. It was a time when you were eager, vibrant, and the game and birds were there. When we drove to Saskatchewan for ducks and geese, we had it all!
Are you a newspaper subscriber but you don't have a Digital Access account yet? https://secure.forumcomm.com/?publisher_ID=40&event=subscriber/lookup.
You will need your subscription account number and phone number. Not sure if you have an account? Email us at firstname.lastname@example.com and we can help you.


text:
sinaCAM BP-20 Base Plate for B4 Lens
Part #: BP20-100-00
Price: $585
In combination with BPA1-100, heightens the optical axis of the sinaCAM head to 60mm (2.362").
Some products on our website just can't be shopping cart items. In most cases it's because we need to be sure you get exactly the item and combination of accessories you need. Email us at firstname.lastname@example.com or give us a call at +1-973-335-4460 (M-F, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, New York City area)


text:
- Mark's Daily Apple - http://www.marksdailyapple.com -
Just How Long Did Grok Live, Really?
Posted By Mark Sisson On October 28, 2010 @ 9:49 am In Aging,Grok | 88 Comments
It has become an article of faith among, well, basically everyone, that our ancestors lived short, brutal lives. What are they touting as the average lifespan these days – 35 years old or so? I've heard anything between 25 and 40 years. The common counter is that infant mortality rates were higher than they are today, thus skewing the average. It's also often pointed out that a relatively benign accident or illness by today's standards – a broken arm, a rolled ankle, or a minor infection – could have prematurely ended Grok's life [7]. And that these cases say nothing about Grok's potential to live 70+ years. The "short and brutal" meme has wedged itself in the public psyche, and it's going to take a lot to extract it from its seemingly intractable position.
I'm going to riff a bit on something I've been thinking about regarding ancient human bones. This isn't an official stance or anything; I'm just thinking out loud. Let me know what you think in the comment board.
Now, bones are notoriously confusing, especially when we're trying to figure out the age of the individual who died. We learn a lot from studying them, but only to a point. Just how do forensic anthropologists determine the age of death of a particular skeleton's former owner?
For skeletons of infants, children, adolescents, and young adults, fossil analysis yields accurate age of death estimates. Human growth is fairly reliable for a while, and it's easy enough to tell a kid apart from a really short adult, but things get tough once people stop growing and become adults. In fact, anthropologists have typically had trouble accurately determining the precise age of death for older adult remains. They'll even tell you this. They can't rely on the same methods and must turn to others.
One method is to measure bone mineral density [8], especially of the femur. It's a general rule that bone density decreases with age. It's a pretty accurate method for determining the age of death in modern people, but I'm skeptical of its utility when dealing with the bones of our ancestors. Even its proponents admit that while general age and sex-related trends can be observed for bone loss, there have been cases of "young adult" bone density patterns in skeletons of aged individuals. That is, bone density degradation is not linear, and it's not set in stone. Instead, it depends on "numerous genetic, environmental, and cultural factors." Old guys can have young guy bones, but it's rare. Most modern old guys have old guy bones.
What kind of environmental factors can influence bone density – can give old guys young bones? Remember, environmental factors include anything that the organism interacts with, and as far as bone health, diet, activity level, and micronutrient intake are some of the big ones.
Vitamin D status is a strong predictor of osteoporosis risk [9]. Folks deficient in vitamin D tend to have lower bone mineral densities [10] and are at a higher risk for breaks and fractures. If you slather on sunscreen, avoid the sun [11], avoid pastured animal organs [12] and fatty fish [13], and do not supplement with vitamin D3 [14], like most modern humans, you are most likely deficient and at risk for low bone density. Paleolithic humans, on the other hand, did not sit in offices all day [15] shielded by windows that blocked UVB rays, nor did they wear sunscreen. They didn't know about vitamin D, either, but they didn't have to. They either spent most of their lives in sunny, tropical climates with plenty of UVB exposure, or, in the case of Europeans, had lighter skin selected for to ensure sufficient vitamin D synthesis from fewer UVB rays. They also ate plenty of animal foods, and they didn't shy away from organ meat or fatty cuts. We don't know exactly what our ancestors' vitamin D statuses were, but we can surmise that, given their lifestyle, their exposure to the elements, and their diet, they probably had sufficient levels to avoid bone density deficiencies.
Although calcium gets all the press, magnesium is also vitally important for the building and maintenance of strong bones. In fact, serum magnesium levels are a strong predictor of bone mineral density [16]. In "The Paleo Diet," Dr. Loren Cordain estimates [17] that the magnesium intake of Paleolithic humans ranged between 800 and 1,500 mg per day. Contrast that with the recommended daily intake of 400 mg and consider that very few people even reach that recommended amount [18] – according to Cordain, 65% of the American population. If the average 55 year old American eats an inadequate amount of magnesium and sports a low serum level, while the average 55 year old Paleo (real Paleo, not one of you guys) ate plenty of magnesium and most likely had a high serum level, whose bones are going to be denser? Whose bones might an observer assume to be those of a younger man?
Strength training builds muscles, but it also builds bones. Like muscles, bones are reactive things that respond to stress. When you lift heavy things [19], heavy enough to "threaten" your body, you are sending the message that the affected lean tissue must adapt. Muscles adapt by adding fibers; bones adapt by ossifying. Today's sedentary populations are plagued with osteoporosis, partly because of nutritional deficiencies, but also because they are sedentary. Their bones, by and large, aren't getting the stimulus required to maintain density. They don't have to hunt [20], kill [21], and carry their food [22], nor do they have to build their domiciles. Heck, it isn't even necessary to leave the house. Our hunter-gatherer ancestors, on the other hand, worked for their livelihoods. They were active by necessity; they lifted heavy things because their lives depended on it. Whose bones do you think would receive the stimulus necessary for maintaining density – the sedentary sitters or the active hunters?
The idea of strength training [23] strengthening and fortifying bone is well supported in the literature [24]. It's true that some results have been mixed, but most reviews of the literature argue that the studies showing little effect employ insufficient intensity or improper training methods [25].
If anthropologists have included fossil bone density as a factor in their determination of age of death, I think the matter of vitamin D, magnesium, and resistance "training" (obviously, they weren't lifting barbells in the Paleolithic, but they were certainly lifting heavy things, arguably at a greater intensity than many modern lifters) throws the popular notion of hunter gatherer's lives being short and brutal into question. Were they shorter than ours? Yeah, on average. I'm not tossing everything out entirely. I'm just questioning whether modern bone density data are accurate reference points for analyzing the age of death of Paleolithic remains. It might be more accurate to simply say, "We don't exactly know," instead of tossing out the "cavemen died at 30!" knee-jerk response.
What if the dense bones of what appear to have been a robust 30-year old hunter were actually bones of an incredibly capable 60-year old?
Next time, I'll discuss a paper that takes an in-depth look at hunter-gatherer ages. The results might pleasantly surprise you.
Article printed from Mark's Daily Apple: http://www.marksdailyapple.com
URL to article: http://www.marksdailyapple.com/bone-dating-life-span/
URLs in this post:
[1] Start Here: http://www.marksdailyapple.com/welcome-to-marks-daily-apple/?utm_source=mda_wwsgd&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=mda_wwsgd_start_here
[2] Primal Blueprint 101: http://www.marksdailyapple.com/primal-blueprint-101/?utm_source=mda_wwsgd&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=mda_wwsgd_pb_101
[3] free weekly newsletter: http://www.marksdailyapple.com/subscribe-to-blog/?utm_source=mda_wwsgd&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=mda_wwsgd_newsletter
[4] books: http://primalblueprint.com/categories/Store/Books-and-Media/?utm_source=mda_wwsgd&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=mda_wwsgd_books
[5] support options: http://primalblueprint.com/categories/Store/Services/?utm_source=mda_wwsgd&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=mda_wwsgd_services
[6] supplements: http://primalblueprint.com/categories/Store/Supplements/?utm_source=mda_wwsgd&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=mda_wwsgd_supplements
[7] prematurely ended Grok's life: http://www.marksdailyapple.com/paleo-lifespan/
[8] measure bone mineral density: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8141239
[9] strong predictor of osteoporosis risk: http://www.vitamindcouncil.org/science/research/vitamin-d-and-osteopenia.shtml
[10] deficient in vitamin D tend to have lower bone mineral densities: http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/full/82/2/477
[11] sun: http://www.marksdailyapple.com/vitamin-d-loose-ends/
[12] animal organs: http://www.marksdailyapple.com/organ-meats/
[13] fatty fish: http://www.marksdailyapple.com/salmon-factory-farm-vs-wild/
[14] supplement with vitamin D3: http://www.marksdailyapple.com/vitamin-d-sun-exposure-supplementation-and-doses/
[15] sit in offices all day: http://www.marksdailyapple.com/sitting-unhealthy/
[16] serum magnesium levels are a strong predictor of bone mineral density: http://www.jacn.org/cgi/content/full/23/6/701S
[17] estimates: http://books.google.com/books?id=zHM_ak8Ma4IC&pg=PA205&lpg=PA205&dq=how+much+magnesium+did+early+man&source=bl&ots=8eXptoDp4o&sig=SOnkMYOZgVdrkBD1o1e9vtovjZo&hl=en&ei=NanITLyAFZLmsQPoyuXUCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10&sqi=2&ved=0CEwQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q&f=false
[18] very few people even reach that recommended amount: http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/full/81/2/341/T3
[19] lift heavy things: http://www.marksdailyapple.com/category/lift-heavy-things/?submit=view
[20] hunt: http://www.marksdailyapple.com/wow-the-auroch-stalk/
[21] kill: http://www.marksdailyapple.com/wow-the-fight-and-flight/
[22] carry their food: http://www.marksdailyapple.com/wow-bringing-home-the-kill/
[23] strength training: http://www.marksdailyapple.com/primal-blueprint-fitness/
[24] supported in the literature: http://www.thesportjournal.org/article/training-improve-bone-density-adults-review-and-recommendations
[25] studies showing little effect employ insufficient intensity or improper training methods: http://journals.lww.com/acsm-msse/Abstract/1999/01000/The_effects_of_progressive_resistance_training_on.6.aspx
Click here to print.
Copyright © 2009 Mark's Daily Apple. All rights reserved.


text:
The Lich King Would Like A Word With You
I wasn't sure how I felt about a rap song about World of Warcraft's Lich King at first. Then he beat the crap out of Edward Cullen, and I decided I could live with it.
Five Uses For This Wrath of the Lich King Art Book
The Cinematic Art of World of Warcraft: Wrath of the Lich King is an art book any WoW fan would be proud to have in their home. Here are some fashionable suggestions about what to do with it when you get it.
WoW Reaches 11.5 Million...Wait, We're Counting Halves Now?
Two months after announcing the jump to 11 million subscribers, Blizzard has decided to start incrementing its milestones, announcing that the tally is now up to 11.5.
Jinx Unleashes Talking Murlocs And New WoW Tees
World of Warcraft merchandisers supreme Jinx have unleashed their new winter line just in time for Christmas, complete with the return of the talking, hand-humping murloc plushies.
WoW Gets Mob Endorsement
WotLK Helps Swedes Join MMO Fainting Craze
Lich King Raids Already Defeated
Blizzard High Fives Wrath of the Lich King Upgraders
The Other East Coast Lich King Launch
While perhaps not as glamorous as the posh New York City Best Buy launch Jim attended last night, the other end of the East Coast was representing last night at the Mansell GameStop in Roswell, Georgia for the World of Warcraft Wrath of the Lich King midnight launch. There were chicken wings, and pizza, and...more…


text:
Ive made a few ciders in my time and enjoy the farmhouse dry style but I have a sore spot for magnets - its very session able. Any thought on cloning it and kegging? It's got some sweetness - fall is the only time to score good unpasturized cider here in new england How about concentrated apple juice? And how to get that slight sweetness? I've got English ale III on hand which leaves sweetness in beer.
Small Bottle Homebrew http://www.smallbottlehomebrew.com
Any ideas on this one?
I'm not sure if you could ever get a clone, even though I'd love a clone recipe as well. I'm pretty sure in their recipe they use a mixture of different apples, which will be almost impossible to replicate that exact mixture. It sucks haha
Magners has something like 20 apple varieties, you would have to find out what they are I guess....
They bavk sweeten before carbing