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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - View original article
Software Developer | |
Founded | Fractal Design Corp (1991); Harvard Systems Corp (1987) |
Headquarters | Florida, CA |
Footnotes / references Rebranded Viewpoint Corporation in 1999 |
This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2010) |
Software Developer | |
Founded | Fractal Design Corp (1991); Harvard Systems Corp (1987) |
Headquarters | Florida, CA |
Footnotes / references Rebranded Viewpoint Corporation in 1999 |
MetaCreations was a computer software company founded in 1997 by the mergers of MetaTools, Fractal Design Corporation, Ray Dream, Specular, and RTG. John Wilczak, and Mark Zimmer, headed up initial operations before Wilczak and Kai Krause left the company in 1998 and 1999 respectively.
MetaCreations was best known for its graphics applications, notably Ray Dream Studio/Infini D, Fractal Design Painter, Bryce, and Kai's Power Tools. In 1999 MetaCreations invested itself heavily in the newly developed '3d on the Web' technology "MetaStream" and began restructuring from graphics applications to Internet technology. MetaCreations formed a subsidiary company called MetaStream, acquired Viewpoint Digital, and ultimately merged all operations together to become the Viewpoint Corporation. The newly formed Viewpoint Corporation divested itself of all former MetaCreations graphics products to push MetaStream technology. Viewpoint is now the Consumer Products division of Enliven Marketing Technologies Corporation (NASDAQ: ENLV). Viewpoint's NASDAQ stock ticker symbol changed from VWPT to ENLV to reflect the Company's name change in January 2008.[1]
Today the former MetaCreations is part of DG, an advertising technology company, in its Online business segment. Viewpoint Corporation was best known for the Viewpoint Media Player installed inside AIM/AOL packages to help provide better 3D visualization for product tours and configurators on the web.
This article about an IT-related or software-related company or corporation is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |


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Letter to the Editor
To the editor:
Ric Robertson ("Rumor mill churns, but Rock set in stone," Daily Variety, Feb. 14) sounds like a typical self-centered, out-of-touch-with-the-real-world Hollywood type. So, he says, "There hasn't even been a peep from our membership, and we're really excited about him hosting." Well, Ric, old stick, I do hope your membership are the only ones watching the Oscars. I and my family certainly won't.M. Zane Walker
Maj. USAF, Ret Albuquerque, NMWant Entertainment News First? Sign up for Variety Alerts and Newsletters!

subset: commoncrawl


text: The United States became the first country to use lethal injection as a means of carrying out capital punishment. It's the most common method today. Often, it's a dose of three different drugs, but in December 2009, the state of Ohio executed someone with just one drug. The person on the next page is thought to have killed the most people.(Photo by Joe Raedle/Newsmakers/Getty Images)


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Search the collections
Digital Photograph - Baitz & Grosovsky Families Having a Picnic in the Park, 1915-1916 Reg. No: MM 110706
- Summary:
- Digital copy of a postcard showing two families having a picnic in a park, circa 1915-1916. The children sitting on the seat are: Sam Baitz, Rosa Grosby, Alexander Baitz, and Nathan Grosby, and the adults standing behind them are: Elias and Rachel Baitz, Celia and Moses Grosby (Grosovsky).
The Baitz and Grosovsky families immigrated to Melbourne from Minsk, Russia via Africa arriving in January 1915. Elias and Moses were brother-in-laws and in 1915 they formed a partnership, Grosovsky & Baitz, and began manufacturing handbags and wallets. They added slippers to their products in 1916 and in 1919 the company name was changed to Grosby Manufacturing. The partnership between Elias and Moses dissolved in 1926, although Grosby continued to be run by the Grosby (Grosovsky) family manufacturing slippers and footwear. - Description:
- Digital Image
- Description Of Content:
- Four adults standing and four children on a park bench. There are hats and umbrellas in the grass in front of them.
Discipline: | History |
More information
Tagged with: | jewish communities, jewish immigration, recreation activities, picnics picnicking, russian immigration, family businesses |
Themes this item is part of: | Migration Collection, Melbourne's Biggest Family Album Collection, Images & Image Making Collection |
Primary Classification: | MIGRATION |
Secondary Classification: | Settlement - Cultural & Social Life |
Tertiary Classification: | family portraits |
Inscriptions: | Post Card / Correspondence / Address |
People Depicted: | Baitz, Elias; Baitz, Rachel; Grosby, Celia; Grosby, Moses; Baitz, Sam; Grosby, Rosa; Baitz, Alexander; Grosby, Nathan |
Format: | Digital Still Image: Black & White; Tiff |
Place & Date Depicted: | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 1915-1916 |
This item is part of the following themes:


text: On Mon, 2009-11-23 at 10:03 -0500, su.sinnes wrote: > > Just for clarity: the drivers are compiled in the kernel statically? > how do you mean statically? In the kernel config, did you select the drivers as modules, or built-in? You can't build the disk driver as a module, since you couldn't load the driver without it already being loaded... Simon. -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: signature.asc Type: application/pgp-signature Size: 198 bytes Desc: This is a digitally signed message part URL: <http://lists.linuxfromscratch.org/pipermail/lfs-support/attachments/20091124/046b851d/attachment.sig>


text: The Menalippe wiki last edited by batpala on 11/27/13 04:45AM View full history HistoryIn the post-crisis universe, Menalippe was the third Amazon to be reborn from the Well of Souls by the goddesses of Olympus. She was particularly attuned with nature and became the Oracle of the Gods. She became through time the only Amazon to stay in communication with the Gods as they distanced themselves from humanity and she had great pride in that, and her unwavering faith in the Gods.Menalippe followed Hippolyta to Themyscira, after being freed by Athena after their enslavement by Heracles.As the oracle, it was Menalippe that helped Queen Hippolyta act on her desire to have a child, relating the instructions from the goddesses themselves. And from the clay of Paradise, Diana was molded and brought to life. Menalippe would years later steadfastly support the Princess in becoming Wonder Woman, relating to a horrified Queen that it was the gods will.When Mount Olympus was defiled by Darkseid, Menalippe and her Queen and Princess were transported to the Mount to hear the decision taken by the Gods to leave this plane and regain their strength. This would mean that Menalippe connection with them would be broken.Years later Menalippe was among the first of the Amazons to be corrupted by the Goddess of Discord, Eris. When the goddess attacked Themyscira while it hosted visitors from mans world, most prominently including Lois Lane. When Eris was defeated, Menalippe fell into a deep depression that she could have been swayed so easily by the Golden Apple of Discord. It was when the Amazons decided to visit the world of man, that Menalippe' spirits were lifted after an apology and gratitude from Hermes, the messenger god. Her spirit restored, she followed her Queen and sisters to the United States.When the witch Circe unleashed her God War, Menalippe was wounded by Circe's allies, the Bana-Mighdall Amazons. Suffering a bullet wound, she was returned to Themyscira for treatment where she was shocked into awareness that the Gods had returned to this plane. And that there was an all out war between different pantheons, flamed by Circe. When Wonder Woman was killed by Circe, Menalippe instructed the Queen to reform her in the clay, just as she had years before, and she could live again. Circe was determined to stop her and fired a bolt of energy down to Themyscira to destroy the island. Superman deflected much of the bolts energy but it continued towards Themyscira and the Queen. Menalippe threw herself in the path of the bolt saving the Queen but at the cost of her own life.She was given a warriors funeral by her sisters and her ashes were scattered around Themyscira's seas. She was succeeded as oracle by her beloved lover Penelope.Amazon FamilyQueen Hippolyta, ruler of Themyscira.Princess Diana , Wonder WomanPhillipus, general and former co-ruler of Paradise Island.Artemis, of Bana-Mighdall, Bana warrior, former co-ruler of Paradise Island and former Wonder Woman.Donna Troy, the first Wonder Girl and member of the Titans of Myth, Queen Hippolyta's adopted daughter.The Amazons, of Themyscira.


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Russians march in protest of American adoption ban
On Sunday, about 20,000 protesters took part in a march in Moscow, protesting a new law supported by both Russian President Vladimir Putin and Russia's parliament, which bans Americans from adopting Russian children.
Alexander Zemlianichenko/AP
Thousands of people marched through Moscow on Sunday to protest Russia's new law banning Americans from adopting Russian children, a far bigger number than expected in a sign that outrage over the ban has breathed some life into the dispirited anti-Kremlin opposition movement.
Shouting "shame on the scum," protesters carried posters of President Vladimir Putin and members of Russia's parliament who overwhelmingly voted for the law last month. Up to 20,000 took part in the demonstration on a frigid, gray afternoon.
The adoption ban has stoked the anger of the same middle-class, urban professionals who swelled the protest ranks last winter, when more than 100,000 people turned out for rallies to demand free elections and an end to Putin's 12 years in power. Since Putin began a third presidential term in May, the protests have flagged as the opposition leaders have struggled to provide direction and capitalize on the broad discontent.
Opponents of the adoption ban argue it victimizes children to make a political point. Eager to take advantage of this anger, the anti-Kremlin opposition has played the ban as further evidence that Putin and his parliament have lost the moral right to rule Russia.
The Kremlin, however, has used the adoption controversy to further its efforts to discredit the opposition as unpatriotic and in the pay of the Americans.
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Sigma® Life Science Launches Tough Decoy (TuD) MiRNA Inhibitors In Collaboration With University Of Tokyo Drs. Hideo Iba And Takeshi Haraguchi
Many other tools for miRNA screening, identification, and validation experiments are available from Sigma Life Science. These include synthetic human miRNA mimics, a miRNA isolation kit, a method to identify the specific gene(s) that a miRNA targets (licensed exclusively from Dr. Joop Gaken at King's College London), and a library of human 3′UTRs for validating many miRNA gene targets.
For more information, visit www.sigma.com/mirna.
(1) Haraguchi, T., et al., Vectors expressing efficient RNA decoys achieve the long-term suppression of specific microRNA activity in mammalian cells. Nucleic Acids Res., 37, (2009).
(2) Haraguchi, T, et al. A potent 2'-O-methylated RNA-based microRNA inhibitor with unique secondary structures. Nucleic Acids Res. 2012 Apr;40(8):e58. Epub 2012 Jan 17.
Cautionary Statement: The foregoing release contains forward-looking statements that can be identified by terminology such as "more potent," "more efficient," or similar expressions, or by expressed or implied discussions regarding potential future revenues from products derived there from. You should not place undue reliance on these statements. Such forward-looking statements reflect the current views of management regarding future events, and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such statements. There can be no guarantee that these tough decoy RNAs or related services will assist the Company to achieve any particular levels of revenue in the future. In particular, management's expectations regarding products associated with tough decoy RNAs or related services could be affected by, among other things, unexpected regulatory actions or delays or government regulation generally; the Company's ability to obtain or maintain patent or other proprietary intellectual property protection; competition in general; government, industry and general public pricing pressures; the impact that the foregoing factors could have on the values attributed to the Company's assets and liabilities as recorded in its consolidated balance sheet, and other risks and factors referred to in Sigma-Aldrich's current Form 10-K on file with the US Securities and Exchange Commission. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, believed, estimated or expected. Sigma- Aldrich is providing the information in this press release as of this date and does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statements contained in this press release as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. About Sigma-Aldrich: Sigma- Aldrich is a leading Life Science and High Technology company whose biochemical, organic chemical products, kits and services are used in scientific research, including genomic and proteomic research, biotechnology, pharmaceutical development, the diagnosis of disease and as key components in pharmaceutical, diagnostics and high technology manufacturing. Sigma- Aldrich customers include more than 1.3 million scientists and technologists in life science companies, university and government institutions, hospitals and industry. The Company operates in 38 countries and has nearly 9,000 employees whose objective is to provide excellent service worldwide. Sigma- Aldrich is committed to accelerating customer success through innovation and leadership in Life Science and High Technology. For more information about Sigma-Aldrich, please visit its website at www.sigma-aldrich.com. About Sigma Life Science: Sigma Life Science is a Sigma-Aldrich business that represents the Company's leadership in innovative biological products and services for the global life science market and offers an array of biologically-rich products and reagents that researchers use in scientific investigation. Product areas include biomolecules, genomics and functional genomics, cells and cell-based assays, transgenics, protein assays, stem cell research, epigenetics and custom services/oligonucleotides. Sigma Life Science also provides an extensive range critical bioessentials like biochemicals, antibiotics, buffers, carbohydrates, enzymes, forensic tools, hematology and histology, nucleotides, amino acids and their derivatives, and cell culture media. Sigma- Aldrich and Sigma are trademarks of Sigma-Aldrich Co, LLC registered in the US and other countries. MISSION is a registered trademark of Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC. SOURCE Sigma-Aldrich CorporationCheck Out Our Best Services for Investors
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Ticket #191 (closed defect: wontfix)
Unicode in filenames
Reported by: | YarKramer | Owned by: | |
Priority: | minor | Milestone: | |
Component: | User Interface (UX) | Version: | 5.8.6a |
Keywords: | Cc: | ||
Processor Architecture: | Blocked By: | ||
Blocking: | Operating System: |
Eraser doesn't appear to be able to detect files with unicode in their filenames. I created a file to test this called "削除.txt" and the context menu item for Eraser didn't even appear when I right-clicked on it; nothing happened when I dragged and dropped it into Eraser's UI; and when I navigated directly to it with the file selector, it was listed as "??.txt" and disappeared when I clicked on it.
Id | Summary | Milestone |
#191 | └ Unicode in filenames |
Blocked by
Id | Summary | Milestone |
#191 | └ Unicode in filenames |
Change History
comment:1 Changed 6 years ago by Joel
- Status changed from new to closed
- Resolution set to wontfix
This will not be fixed in v5, but has been fixed in v6. You can try using v6 for that. Or you can just rename the file to an English name before erasure.
It's really nice to see people from all over the world using Eraser, though!


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International law: Canadian court says assisted suicide ban is unconstitutional
College students can find good research paper topics for their international law class from the recent decision by Canada's Supreme Court declaring the country's ban on physician assisted suicide for the terminally ill as unconstitutional.
You can write term paper topics on recent Supreme Court decisions, the pro and con debate about the right-to-die, the medical establishment's views on doctor assisted suicide and need for better palliative care, and Quebec's new end-of-life law. Read more →


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Any of a group of aluminosilicate (containing aluminum and silicon) minerals that also contains calcium, sodium, or potassium. Feldspars are the most common minerals in the Earth's crust and are the major component in nearly all igneous rocks found on the Earth, on the Moon, and in some meteorites. They also are common in metamorphic and some sedimentary rocks. Their complex chemical and structural properties make them useful for interpreting the origins of rocks. Natural feldspars can be divided into alkali and plagioclase feldspars.
Learn more about feldspar with a free trial on Britannica.com.
Feldspar is the name of a group of rock-forming minerals which make up as much as 60% of the Earth's crust.
Feldspars crystallize from magma in both intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks, and they can also occur as compact minerals, as veins, and are also present in many types of metamorphic rock. Rock formed entirely of plagioclase feldspar (see below) is known as anorthosite. Feldspars are also found in many types of sedimentary rock.
This group of minerals consists of framework or tectosilicates. Compositions of major elements in common feldspars can be expressed in terms of three endmembers:
K-feldspar endmember KAlSi3O8
Anorthite endmember CaAl2Si2O8
Solid solutions between K-feldspar and albite are called alkali feldspar. Solid solutions between albite and anorthite are called plagioclase, or more properly plagioclase feldspar. Only limited solid solution occurs between K-feldspar and anorthite, and in the two other solid solutions, immiscibility occurs at temperatures common in the crust of the earth. Albite is considered both a plagioclase and alkali feldspar. In addition to albite, barium feldspars are also considered both alkali and plagioclase feldspars. Barium feldspars form as the result of the replacement of potassium feldspar.
The alkali feldspars are as follows:
Sanidine is stable at the highest temperatures, and microcline at the lowest. Perthite is a typical texture in alkali feldspar, due to exsolution of contrasting alkali feldspar compositions during cooling of an intermediate composition. The perthitic textures in the alkali feldspars of many granites can be seen with the naked eye. Microperthitic textures in crystals are visible using a light microscope, whereas cryptoperthitic textures can only be seen using an electron microscope.
The plagioclase feldspars are triclinic. The plagioclase series follows (with percent anorthite in parentheses):
Intermediate compositions of plagioclase feldspar also may exsolve to two feldspars of contrasting composition during cooling, but diffusion is much slower than in alkali feldspar, and the resulting two-feldspar intergrowths typically are too fine-grained to be visible with optical microscopes. The immiscibility gaps in the plagioclase solid solution are complex compared to the gap in the alkali feldspars. The play of colors visible in some feldspar of labradorite composition is due to very fine-grained exsolution lamellae.
The barium feldspars are monoclinic and comprise the following:
In 2005, Italy was the top producer of feldspar with almost one-fifth world share followed by Turkey, China and Thailand, reports the International Monetary Fund.


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Vittoria Zaffiro Pro 2 Tire - Clincher $35.99
Reviews & Community
What do you think of the
Vittoria Zaffiro Pro 2 Tire - Clincher
? Share a...
Ian Matteson
Long Lasting with High PSI Max
- Familiarity: I've put it through the wringer
I love this tire because it offers more grip and tire than a slick. When you ride in multiple seasons this tire is definitely something to check out. It has a bit more rolling resistance than most but it is well worth it when you consider the longevity. Lastly I love the max PSI pressure!
Doug Openshaw
Great tire for commuting/training
- Familiarity: I've put it through the wringer
Decent tire with super good looks. I got the light tan sidewall to match my vintage Peugeot. Love them!
Why no 700x25s? Description says it's available. Many of us prefer the 25 ride and flat resistance to the traditional 23. Recent studies show lower rolling resistance with the 25s. Now the question: which on-line store will offer 700x25c in blue?
Rusty Piranha
Rusty Piranha
Nice Tire
Great Tire. Good quality. Need anything else?
Okay commuter tire
- Familiarity: I've put it through the wringer
I mounted a pair of these on my fixie that I use for commuting. They're a bit heavy, were a real pain to get on and the low TPI is very noticeable compared to the 220 TPI Diamante Pros I have on my road bike. I traded out the front wheels one day because I couldn't believe how dead these Zaffiros felt and wanted to make sure I wasn't imagining things. The rubber really has no give and so, rather than soaking up road noise, they transmit it. Still, for $10-15 it's a deal and I'll ride them out before replacing them.
Also, seriously folks, my better half and I each ride 2-4K miles/year on a mix of bad pavement, chip and seal, gravel and dirt with Vittoria road tires (Diamantes and Rubinos) and average about one flat every other year. If you're getting 6 flats in a row, you need to take the tire off the wheel, replace the rim tape, clean the whole thing with a damp rag and pay attention when remounting. Unless you're really unlucky, you shouldn't be getting that many flats with any tire.
They're OK.
- Familiarity: I've put it through the wringer
If you don't like speeding downhill or twisty roads then these are fine. If you do happen to like either of those scenarios then choose a better tire. They simply don't grip and I've descended with these on my bike and been grateful to see the flat road. I wouldn't trust these for speeds over 30mph, which I routinely surpass. I upgraded as soon as I wore them out ( they came on my Wilier Imperiele) with a pair of Schwalbe Ultremo ZX. Night and day difference, but so was the price. Like I mentioned above, get these if you're just cruising town and don't need the traction for cornering.
Great commuter tire
- Familiarity: I've put it through the wringer
For the money, especially on sale, I don't think there's a better tire you can buy. They're durable, lots of miles on them, very puncture resistant, decently grippy, and they look good. I use them on my single speed commuter, and haven't had a flat, worn them out, or had any problems. They aren't massively grippy, like say Gatorskins or something even more race-oriented, but they work. I wouldn't put them on my road bike for long distances, but they do the trick for rough commuting roads. I just bought two new ones on sale for when my current set wears out.
Drew R
durable tire
Love these tires, ride them front and back on my fixed gear, skids well but does not disintegrate in a month, fairly cheap to replace when you wear one out. Max PSI of 140, I run them at about 120 in the back and slightly lower up front. A little rough on the crappier roads but rolls well everywhere else. Limited experience in the rain but they seem to do ok when its wet out.
Great for the price
Last long and don't cost more than my bike, I have the blue ones and the color really stands out.
Duncan Poling
1000's of miles of uninterrupted service
I have been commuting to work on these tires for a little over a year (2500+ miles, not counting weekend rides) and only now am I preparing to replace them. In all of this time, I have suffered only one flat (from a staple, of all things). Needless to say, these are extremely durable and dependable. If you are searching for a race day tire, keep looking. However, if what you need is a sturdy piece of rubber between you and the road, look no further.
Brian Bernard
Years of quiet, faithful service
I've run these tires on more bikes than I can count, always in the 25mm width. It's a fast-rolling, comfortable, durable tire. It might not be great for high-level racing, but it's the only clincher you need for training, recreational rides, and Wednesday Worlds. It's a tire you don't have to think about. It's not the lightest, it's not the toughest, it's not the smoothest. But it's close enough in all of those categories that I wouldn't even think about putting anything else on a road bike. I used to commute on them, too, but have since switched to the Fyxation Session 700 tires for a little more durability (they're twice as heavy, though).
Not bad.
Picked it up for commuting, and I have nothing to complain about. Don't have much to brag about, either. But I suppose that's all I can ask for.
It's just as much of a pain to get on as any other kevlar bead, so be ready for that.
Great training tire
Best training tire I've used. I've tried Gatorskins, Armadillos, Refuse, etc. and these have lasted the longest and cost the least. I don't ride a ton (~300 mi/wk), but I ride on all sorts of road surfaces and can't remember the last flat I had. They've even survived several rides of 20+ miles on dirt roads.
Not recommended
These tires came on my new Cannondale Synapse 6 bike. In the first 1000 miles I had five flats. I don't ride on bad roads either, so it was surprising. I feel the saying "you get what you pay for" comes to mind with these tires. Overall I wouldn't recommend these. Having to change a tire during a ride really puts a damper on the day. Suffice it to say, I switched to Continental 4000S tires.
Kyle Robertson
blow out in the house
These tires came on my new bike. After the first ride(8.5 miles), the front tube popped and damaged the tire. I hope this is not a sign of things to come. My cheap road bike never had a flat tire.
Sounds like a warranty?
Sounds like pinch flat from improper mounting that damaged the tire.
I'm feelin it
put this tire on the back wheel of my fixie... last one i ordered lasted 3+ months. it is a good skidding tire in my opinion
Cru Jones
Vittoria Zaffiro Pro Tire
Rocking the red pair. They have been really nice so far. Put around 150 miles on them so far and I haven't had any problems with them. They have been wearing well, hold tight on those slushy spring mornings and I have no flats so far. Great tire for the price.
better than a mountain bike tire
I have these on my road bike and I love em, why you ask, because it isn't my mountain bike tire!!
Brian B.
Zaffiro, not Zaffrio, but still a nice tire
I use these on what used to be my commuter, but has now come into the job of recreation and training bike. It's not the lightest bike, and I'm not too concerned about weight overall. These are a nice tire for a situation like mine, where you want a reasonably priced tire that will last a long time. I commuted on these for about a year before I had issues (semi-regular commuting, average 2-3 days per week), but when I had issues, they were pretty big. Three flats in one ride, alternating tires big. Until that point though, they'd done a bang-up job. Definitely recommended.


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Creston woman dies Friday in head-on collision
A Creston woman died Friday in a head-on collision on Highway 34 near the Kent corner — located about eight miles southwest of Creston. The accident occurred 2:57 p.m. Friday. Samantha Neely, 22, of Creston was killed in the collision.
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sail-world.com -- Vendee Globe - Golding leads group towards Cape Horn
Vendee Globe - Golding leads group towards Cape Horn
Mon, 7 Jan 2013
Conditions remain tough in the Vendee Globe for Mike Golding at the head of a group of five Open 60s that he leads towards Cape Horn. Winds are not only strong but very squally and unsettled and the seas are big, angry and confused as he works Gamesa through the final 940 miles.
Golding leads the group which is very much following in his wake, on the same course. The growing threat is that of Bernard Stamm who is now just 20 miles behind Dominique Wavre and has been consistently 2-3kts faster than the vanguard of the group in his new Juan Kouyoumdjian design. The protest against Stamm has been reopened by the International Jury on the grounds they have accepted new evidence.
For Mike, average wind speeds have been in the high 20s but dropping away to 15kts at times, all peppered by sustained squalls up to 45kts. Jean Le Cam, who is 340 miles ahead of Mike, describes conditions as a 'war'. Golding has gained 80 miles on his French rival.
6 January 2012 12:15GMT Update : Vendée Globe Live interview:
How are things onboard?
I'm in very difficult conditions. It was a pretty scary early morning. I woke up, couldn't even get my foulies on and had 42 knots and ended up with the pilot wiping me out. I ended up in my skiddies [underwear] in the freezing cold, absolutely soaked. Not a good wake call.
Have you got everything under control now, are you feeling a bit more on course?
Yes I had a difficult night. I had a ballast leak and I have effected a repair during the night. And this morning I have been able to load the ballast and I'm back up to full speed. It was quite complicated because it was quite a big leak and it flooded the central trough which runs along the boat which runs into the engine space. That was the danger of getting too much water near the electrics so I had to crack on with it. It seems to be alright now, but it is something I am going to have to keep an eye on.
To have 48 hours like you've had you think there are easier ways to make a living than being a solo ocean racing yachtsman?
Yes, I think there are lots of easier ways to make a living, less stressful and less uncomfortable and probably get paid more! But none the less this is what we choose to do and obviously with Cape Horn approaching, that is one of the high points of the Vendée Globe for the sailors. You say it is a high point, but also a point in the race that is filled with stress. I don't know why, but I am feeling more stressed about this rounding than I have about previous roundings. It is not really the weather is particularly horrendous at the Horn, it is probably the ice that has got the spooks on me. We know way too much. I am sure there was ice around Cape Horn in 1994 when I was going round single handed on the Challenge Yacht on the wrong way record, I am sure there was ice all over, but I was blissfully unaware.
Vendee Globe website
by Emily Caroe
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Love & Exile: Marriage a step into a new life
Friends from both sides of border help celebrate nuptials
MEXICO CITY — J.W. Lown wiped away a tear as his partner read vows to him, pledging love for a lifetime.
"Now I know that my biggest accomplishment is not to have married a great man," Lown's new spouse said. "My biggest accomplishment will be having found love.
"My biggest accomplishment will be to make you happy every day of my life."
Lown responded: "I look forward to spending a wonderful life with you."
Moments earlier, a judge had legally bound the pair in a same-sex marriage during a solemn civil ceremony in a colonial villa hotel.
Lown and his partner signed their marriage license. They pressed their fingerprints onto the paperwork and sealed their union with a light kiss.
The small group of about a dozen family and friends applauded in a room with hand-picked poinsettias and a white sheet draped behind the couple.
It was a concluding step in an epic journey of love, personal turmoil and drastic choices that had begun four and a half years ago for Lown, San Angelo's favorite mayor. Lown, having easily won re-election for a fourth term, abruptly walked away from his promising public life in conservative West Texas to take a chance on love and a new life in Mexico.
On his wedding day in November, Lown contemplated his future.
"This is not the end," Lown said after the emotional ceremony. "This is the beginning."
Coupled with new legal development in the United States that expanded the federal rights of same-sex couples, the nuptials could also mean a way out of Lown's self-imposed exile — a way back home.
Lown's friend Susan Cobb, whom he lightheartedly describes as a spiritual guru, spoke a few words during the wedding ceremony.
"Much has been written about their situation," she said. "We who are here now, know what their love has cost them in the public arena. We are here to affirm with them that it has been worth the price."
'A transcendent date'
The judge who presided over the ceremony was having a busy day. Rosa María Sánchez Acevedo had planned to officiate four weddings that day.
Lown knew the judge because she had officiated at the weddings of some of his friends. She serves in the Federal District, which includes Mexico City and allows same-sex marriage. The Mexican state of Guanajuato, which includes Lown's home city, San Miguel de Allende, doesn't allow same-sex marriage.
Lown went to pick up the judge and bring her to the hotel while his sister Alicia and others helped get flowers and arrange the room where the ceremony was to be held. Lown found the judge at an event center where she was officiating at another same-sex wedding. He met the two grooms, both dressed in silvery gray suits, and they congratulated Lown on his pending nuptials.
Acevedo, looking severe, had arrived half an hour late. After she finished officiating at that wedding, she and Lown took a taxi to the hotel for his ceremony.
Mexico City legalized same-sex marriage in 2009. Acevedo said she performs about 50 same-sex marriages per year.
For traditional marriage, "the talk is of children and family," she said. "In the same-sex marriages, the talk is of the couple."
"You couldn't have picked a better judge," she said. "I was married to a foreigner and lived in London. I had many chances to see Oscar Wilde's house."
Wilde, the 19th century British playwright, had been jailed for homosexual conduct.
"Someone once said to me, if Wilde had lived today, he wouldn't have had his problems," Acevedo said.
The judge praised the couple for their honesty.
"This is a transcendent date in your life," she said. "I declare you legitimately married."
After the judge left, friends and family shared words with the couple. Cobb presented readings from the Sufi poet Rumi, the Old Testament book of Ruth and the Christian Science writings of Mary Baker Eddy. Less than a dozen people were present, but it was an international gathering that included Lown's sister, a resident of San Angelo, Lown's ex-wife, who had come with her husband from England, friends from around Mexico and the sister of Lown's betrothed.
'Love is Marvelous'
When Lown left San Angelo in May 2009, the best hope he and his partner had of returning to the U.S. one day was seeking a tourist visa, which could have taken 10 years.
But when the U.S. Supreme Court in June 2013 effectively struck down the Defense of Marriage Act through the case United States vs. Windsor, that meant the federal government can use same-sex marriage as consideration for immigration status.
With a federally-recognized form of marriage, Lown might now be able to legally come back to the United States within a year and a half if everything goes well, and five years at worst. He acknowledged that the pathway for he and his partner had been broken by other pioneers.
"I have to give credit where credit is due," Lown said. "We are the beneficiaries of those who have been struggling for equality for many years. In a small way, we've played our part in this. We've made sacrifices to be together."
The humble civil ceremony in Mexico City was not the last hurrah for the wedding. The following week, the newlyweds held a reception for their friends in San Miguel de Allende, complete with a soulful ranchero band, dancing, and candles surrounded by rose petals in the large patio area of the real estate office where Lown works.
About 80 to 90 people attended, and Lown worked the room, warmly welcoming them.
Friends of his spoke of how proud they were of Lown and his spouse.
"Love is marvelous," said Judith Estrada, who said she and a few others with her were among Lown's first friends in Mexico.
With a full house, Lown listed out the people he wanted to thank. "I forgot that he was a politician," someone in the crowd joked.
Cheers went up when Lown and his partner kissed, and Lown read a handwritten note, his vows, to his partner.
"I can be myself around you," Lown said. "You bring out the better person in me. I hope I do the same for you. I look forward to making a life with you for years to come. Full of happiness and sharing. And most of all together."
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Old and New at the Ferry
We hate to say it, but the multimillion-dollar makeover of the St. George Ferry Terminal that was completed in 2007, necessary as it may have been, seems to have fallen in that disappointing category.
The problems turned up in a couple of surveys state Sen. Diane Savino's staff conducted among riders at the terminal. The first, done in 2009, reported concerns about the cleanliness of the bathrooms, coordination between the ferry and bus schedules, illegal smoking and security on the bus ramps. She reported the results to the city Department of Transportation, which operates the Staten Island Ferry.
Publication date:
Friday, May 13, 2011 - 00:00


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Studded Platform Sandal
http://www.barneys.com/prada-studded-platform-sandal-502263936.htmlProduct Actions
Suede open toe platform sandal with gold-tone stud details along bands, adjustable quarter strap and slightly curved heel. Brass-tone "Prada" signature logo embellishment at sole.
Style # 502263936
After inheriting her family's Milanese leather goods company in 1978, Miuccia Prada went on to make the house of Prada an icon of the Italian fashion world. Her intelligent, irreverent take on art and culture results in standout collections year after year.
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- Publisher: Namco Bandai Games America
- Release Date: Nov 18, 2012
- Also On: PlayStation 3, Xbox 360
- Critic Score
- Most active
- Publication
- Most clicked
Jan 24, 2013Tekken Tag Tournament 2 Wii U Edition is a great fighting game. This version is as great as the others, and the nice extras are good enough to grant fun and laughters. If you're looking for a good fighting game for the new Nintendo console, this is your best choice.
Dec 14, 2012Unfortunately, neither Tekken Advance or Tekken 3D Prime Edition offered the true Tekken experience. But Tekken Tag Tournament 2 Wii U Edition does--and then some. [Dec 2012, p.78]
Dec 11, 2012Tekken Tag Tournament 2: Wii U Edition proves that when something isn't broke then there's no need to fix it -- just add a ton of worthwhile and engaging content on top. Persistent loading times may mar the experience for some, but for fighting game fans with a shiny new console to equip, this will be gaming nirvana.
Dec 4, 2012TTT2 Wii U edition is an excellent example of how to best use the Wii U. The technical side of things is top notch, and the features of the Wii U game pad are brilliantly utilized. The new game modes and mini games are highly entertaining, and the whole package just oozes quality and effort.
Dec 3, 2012In conclusion, Tekken Tag Tournament 2 for the Wii U is a fantastic fighting game, and a must buy for the new Nintendo system. This game has so much to offer, and it adds a hard-core competitive element to Nintendo gamers that have been lacking for a long time.
Nov 30, 2012Tekken Tag Tournament 2 Wii U Edition is the version to get, if you have the luxury of choice and prefer inviting friends to your house to playing online. A few buddies on the same couch playing Tekken Ball and / or the in more than one way appropriately named mushroom mode, is a real winner.
Nov 28, 2012Tekken's first appearance on a Nintendo console is a complete and outstanding success.
Jan 15, 2013The best technical fighting game on a Ninty home console since the days of the SNES. [Feb 2013, p.76]
Dec 1, 2012This is the perfect example of what we expect from multi-format Wii U games, with everything seen in other versions and more Nintendo-only stuff on top.
Nov 27, 2012There is just tons to do in this game. The Wii U version's additional features aren't phenomenal, but they'll give you more to play around with.
Nov 28, 2012Tekken Tag Tournament 2 for Wii U offers the same content found in the PS3 and Xbox 360 counterparts, but also includes new "nintendorized" options.
User score distribution:
Positive: 9 out of 11
Mixed: 1 out of 11
Negative: 1 out of 11
Feb 10, 2014
Dec 16, 2012
Nov 27, 2014


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It seems that a number of Newcastle players, especially in midfield, need a rest. Kevin Nolan – needs a rest
It seems that a number of Newcastle players, especially in midfield, need a rest. Kevin Nolan – needs a rest
Tags: Fitz Hall · Kevin Nolan · Mike Williamson
We were lucky to get a point on Saturday and several players have come up with their own explanations of the lucky win. Steve Harper – at least we got a point
Tags: Newcastle News · Steve Harper
Chris Hughton is starting to feel some heat as he tries to guide Newcastle United to promotion in their first season down in England's second division. Chris Hughton – crucial week coming up
Tags: Newcastle News
It was a surprise when Jonas Gutierrez was left out of the team on Saturday. Jonas Gutierrez – back on Wednesday
Tags: Jonas Gutierrez · Newcastle News
News this morning that Chelsea are being linked with a £9M bid for Newcastle United central defender Steven Taylor. Steven Taylor – going nowhere
Tags: Newcastle News · Steven Taylor
Andy Carroll came to the rescue of Newcastle United on Saturday with a late goal, after Newcastle had been completely dominated by an excellent Swansea City side. Andy Carroll – good cross from Leon
Tags: Leon Best · Newcastle News
Andy Carroll has now scored three goals in his last 3 games for Newcastle United. Andy Carroll – adding goals to his game?
Tags: Newcastle News
Chris Hughton is usually down to earth, and following the fantastic 5-1 win against Cardiff City just 10 days ago, Newcastle have lost 5 of the next 6 points. Chris Hughton – not one of our best weeks
Tags: Newcastle News


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US 7899536 B1 Abstract An exemplary method includes delivering a pacing pulse to a heart, acquiring a cardiac electrogram, comparing the cardiac electrogram to a template and, based on the comparing, deciding if the pacing pulse caused an evoked response. In such a method, the comparing may compare morphology of the cardiac electrogram to the template. Other exemplary methods, devices, systems, etc., are also disclosed.
Claims(11) 1. In an implantable medical device, a method comprising:
providing a template;
delivering a pacing pulse to a heart;
acquiring a cardiac electrogram;
comparing the cardiac electrogram to the template;
based on the comparing, deciding if the pacing pulse caused an evoked response; and
assessing accuracy of the template by delivering a pulse at an energy level unlikely to cause an evoked response, acquiring a second cardiac electrogram and using the second cardiac electrogram to assess accuracy of the template, and automatically switching, within the implantable medical device, to a different evoked response determination if the accuracy of the template is not sufficient.
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Description This application is related to copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/405,212, filed Mar. 31, 2003, titled �Diagnosis of Fusion or Pseudofusion,� which is incorporated by reference herein. Subject matter presented herein generally relates to cardiac pacing therapy and, in particular, to use of morphology for capture assessment. Most implantable cardiac pacing devices rely on a power source having a limited amount of energy. To conserve energy, and enhance device longevity, such devices often use an energy level that is just sufficient to pace the heart. However, this energy level may vary over time due to a variety of factors. Consequently, various algorithms have been developed to adjust the energy level, periodically or as needed. As described herein, such algorithms are referred to as threshold search algorithms as they typically search for or uncover an energy level that approximate the threshold energy level required to pace the heart. When an implantable cardiac pacing device delivers energy to the heart and, in response, the heart contracts in a manner akin to a natural contraction, the delivered energy or pacing pulse is said to have captured. Of course, the delivery of energy is typically timed to correspond to a non-refractory period and to avoid inducing arrhythmia. If the heart does not contract, for any of a variety of reasons, then the delivered energy or pacing pulse is said to have not captured. Threshold search algorithms rely on an ability to distinguish capture and non-capture. At a minimum, they must be able to decide whether capture occurred or to decide whether non-capture occurred. Various threshold search algorithms may include features to decide, independently, whether capture or non-capture occurred. As described herein, various exemplary methods, devices, systems, etc., use morphology to distinguish capture and non-capture. Such exemplary technologies may infer non-capture when capture is not verified (e.g., morphology fails to verify capture) or infer capture when non-capture is not verified (e.g., morphology fails to verify non-capture). Various exemplary technologies optionally include features to verify capture and to verify non-capture. An exemplary method includes delivering a pacing pulse to a heart, acquiring a cardiac electrogram, comparing the cardiac electrogram to a template and, based on the comparing, deciding if the pacing pulse caused an evoked response. In such a method, the comparing may compare morphology of the cardiac electrogram to the template. Other exemplary methods, devices, systems, etc., are also disclosed. Features and advantages of the described implementations can be more readily understood by reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following description includes the best mode presently contemplated for practicing the described implementations. This description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, but rather is made merely for the purpose of describing the general principles of the implementations. The scope of the described implementations should be ascertained with reference to the issued claims. In the description that follows, like numerals or reference designators will be used to reference like parts or elements throughout. Exemplary Stimulation Device The techniques described below are intended to be implemented in connection with any stimulation device that is configured or configurable to stimulate nerves and/or stimulate and/or shock a patient's heart. To sense atrial cardiac signals, ventricular cardiac signals and/or to provide chamber pacing therapy, particularly on the left side of a patient's heart, the stimulation device 100 is coupled to a coronary sinus lead 106 designed for placement in the coronary sinus and/or tributary veins of the coronary sinus. Thus, the coronary sinus lead 106 is optionally suitable for positioning at least one distal electrode adjacent to the left ventricle and/or additional electrode(s) adjacent to the left atrium. In a normal heart, tributary veins of the coronary sinus include, but may not be limited to, the great cardiac vein, the left marginal vein, the left posterior ventricular vein, the middle cardiac vein, and the small cardiac vein. Accordingly, an exemplary coronary sinus lead 106 is optionally designed to receive atrial and ventricular cardiac signals and to deliver left ventricular pacing therapy using, for example, at least a left ventricular tip electrode 122, left atrial pacing therapy using at least a left atrial ring electrode 124, and shocking therapy using at least a left atrial coil electrode 126. For a complete description of a coronary sinus lead, the reader is directed to U.S. Pat. No. 5,466,254, �Coronary Sinus Lead with Atrial Sensing Capability� (Helland), which is incorporated herein by reference. The coronary sinus lead 106 further optionally includes electrodes for stimulation of autonomic nerves. Such a lead may include pacing and autonomic nerve stimulation functionality and may further include bifurcations or legs. For example, an exemplary coronary sinus lead includes pacing electrodes capable of delivering pacing pulses to a patient's left ventricle and at least one electrode capable of stimulating an autonomic nerve. An exemplary coronary sinus lead (or left ventricular lead or left atrial lead) may also include at least one electrode capable of stimulating an autonomic nerve; such an electrode may be positioned on the lead or a bifurcation or leg of the lead. Stimulation device 100 is also shown in electrical communication with the patient's heart 102 by way of an implantable right ventricular lead 108 having, in this exemplary implementation, a right ventricular tip electrode 128, a right ventricular ring electrode 130, a right ventricular (RV) coil electrode 132, and an SVC coil electrode 134. Typically, the right ventricular lead 108 is transvenously inserted into the heart 102 to place the right ventricular tip electrode 128 in the right ventricular apex so that the RV coil electrode 132 will be positioned in the right ventricle and the SVC coil electrode 134 will be positioned in the superior vena cava. Accordingly, the right ventricular lead 108 is capable of sensing or receiving cardiac signals, and delivering stimulation in the form of pacing and shock therapy to the right ventricle. An exemplary right ventricular lead may also include at least one electrode capable of stimulating an autonomic nerve; such an electrode may be positioned on the lead or a bifurcation or leg of the lead. Housing 200 for stimulation device 100 is often referred to as the �can�, �case� or �case electrode�, and may be programmably selected to act as the return electrode for all �unipolar� modes. Housing 200 may further be used as a return electrode alone or in combination with one or more of the coil electrodes 126, 132 and 134 for shocking purposes. Housing 200 further includes a connector (not shown) having a plurality of terminals 201, 202, 204, 206, 208, 212, 214, 216, 218, 221 (shown schematically and, for convenience, the names of the electrodes to which they are connected are shown next to the terminals). To achieve right atrial sensing, pacing and/or autonomic stimulation, the connector includes at least a right atrial tip terminal (AR TIP) 202 adapted for connection to the atrial tip electrode 120. A right atrial ring terminal (AR RING) 201 is also shown, which is adapted for connection to the atrial ring electrode 121. To achieve left chamber sensing, pacing, shocking, and/or autonomic stimulation, the connector includes at least a left ventricular tip terminal (VL TIP) 204, a left atrial ring terminal (AL RING) 206, and a left atrial shocking terminal (AL COIL) 208, which are adapted for connection to the left ventricular tip electrode 122, the left atrial ring electrode 124, and the left atrial coil electrode 126, respectively. Connection to suitable autonomic nerve stimulation electrodes is also possible via these and/or other terminals (e.g., via a nerve stimulation terminal S ELEC 221). To support right chamber sensing, pacing, shocking, and/or autonomic nerve stimulation, the connector further includes a right ventricular tip terminal (VR TIP) 212, a right ventricular ring terminal (VR RING) 214, a right ventricular shocking terminal (RV COIL) 216, and a superior vena cava shocking terminal (SVC COIL) 218, which are adapted for connection to the right ventricular tip electrode 128, right ventricular ring electrode 130, the RV coil electrode 132, and the SVC coil electrode 134, respectively. Connection to suitable autonomic nerve stimulation electrodes is also possible via these and/or other terminals (e.g., via the nerve stimulation terminal S ELEC 221). At the core of the stimulation device 100 is a programmable microcontroller 220 that controls the various modes of stimulation therapy. As is well known in the art, microcontroller 220 typically includes a microprocessor, or equivalent control circuitry, designed specifically for controlling the delivery of stimulation therapy, and may further include RAM or ROM memory, logic and timing circuitry, state machine circuitry, and I/O circuitry. Typically, microcontroller 220 includes the ability to process or monitor input signals (data or information) as controlled by a program code stored in a designated block of memory. The type of microcontroller is not critical to the described implementations. Rather, any suitable microcontroller 220 may be used that carries out the functions described herein. The use of microprocessor-based control circuits for performing timing and data analysis functions are well known in the art. Representative types of control circuitry that may be used in connection with the described embodiments can include the microprocessor-based control system of U.S. Pat. No. 4,940,052 (Mann et al.), the state-machine of U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,712,555 (Thornander et al.) and 4,944,298 (Sholder), all of which are incorporated by reference herein. For a more detailed description of the various timing intervals used within the stimulation device and their inter-relationship, see U.S. Pat. No. 4,788,980 (Mann et al.), also incorporated herein by reference. Microcontroller 220 further includes timing control circuitry 232 to control the timing of the stimulation pulses (e.g., pacing rate, atrio-ventricular (AV) delay, interatrial conduction (A-A) delay, or interventricular conduction (V-V) delay, etc.) as well as to keep track of the timing of refractory periods, blanking intervals, noise detection windows, evoked response windows, alert intervals, marker channel timing, etc., which is well known in the art. Microcontroller 220 further includes an arrhythmia detector 234 and optionally an orthostatic compensator and a minute ventilation (MV) response module, the latter is not shown in Microcontroller 220 further includes a morphology discrimination module 236, a capture detection module 237 and an auto sensing module 238. These modules are optionally used to implement various exemplary recognition algorithms and/or methods presented below. The aforementioned components may be implemented in hardware as part of the microcontroller 220, or as software/firmware instructions programmed into the device and executed on the microcontroller 220 during certain modes of operation. The electronic configuration switch 226 includes a plurality of switches for connecting the desired electrodes to the appropriate I/O circuits, thereby providing complete electrode programmability. Accordingly, switch 226, in response to a control signal 242 from the microcontroller 220, determines the polarity of the stimulation pulses (e.g., unipolar, bipolar, etc.) by selectively closing the appropriate combination of switches (not shown) as is known in the art. Atrial sensing circuits 244 and ventricular sensing circuits 246 may also be selectively coupled to the right atrial lead 104, coronary sinus lead 106, and the right ventricular lead 108, through the switch 226 for detecting the presence of cardiac activity in each of the four chambers of the heart. Accordingly, the atrial (ATR. SENSE) and ventricular (VTR. SENSE) sensing circuits, 244 and 246, may include dedicated sense amplifiers, multiplexed amplifiers, or shared amplifiers. Switch 226 determines the �sensing polarity� of the cardiac signal by selectively closing the appropriate switches, as is also known in the art. In this way, the clinician may program the sensing polarity independent of the stimulation polarity. The sensing circuits (e.g., 244 and 246) are optionally capable of obtaining information indicative of tissue capture. Each sensing circuit 244 and 246 preferably employs one or more low power, precision amplifiers with programmable gain and/or automatic gain control, bandpass filtering, and a threshold detection circuit, as known in the art, to selectively sense the cardiac signal of interest. The automatic gain control enables the device 100 to deal effectively with the difficult problem of sensing the low amplitude signal characteristics of atrial or ventricular fibrillation. The outputs of the atrial and ventricular sensing circuits 244 and 246 are connected to the microcontroller 220, which, in turn, is able to trigger or inhibit the atrial and ventricular pulse generators 222 and 224, respectively, in a demand fashion in response to the absence or presence of cardiac activity in the appropriate chambers of the heart. Furthermore, as described herein, the microcontroller 220 is also capable of analyzing information output from the sensing circuits 244 and 246 and/or the data acquisition system 252 to determine or detect whether and to what degree tissue capture has occurred and to program a pulse, or pulses, in response to such determinations. The sensing circuits 244 and 246, in turn, receive control signals over signal lines 248 and 250 from the microcontroller 220 for purposes of controlling the gain, threshold, polarization charge removal circuitry (not shown), and the timing of any blocking circuitry (not shown) coupled to the inputs of the sensing circuits, 244 and 246, as is known in the art. For arrhythmia detection, the device 100 utilizes the atrial and ventricular sensing circuits, 244 and 246, to sense cardiac signals to determine whether a rhythm is physiologic or pathologic. In reference to arrhythmias, as used herein, �sensing� is reserved for the noting of an electrical signal or obtaining data (information), and �detection� is the processing (analysis) of these sensed signals and noting the presence of an arrhythmia. The timing intervals between sensed events (e.g., P-waves, R-waves, and depolarization signals associated with fibrillation which are sometimes referred to as �F-waves� or �Fib-waves�) are then classified by the arrhythmia detector 234 of the microcontroller 220 by comparing them to a predefined rate zone limit (i.e., bradycardia, normal, low rate VT, high rate VT, and fibrillation rate zones) and various other characteristics (e.g., sudden onset, stability, physiologic sensors, and morphology, etc.) in order to determine the type of remedial therapy that is needed (e.g., bradycardia pacing, anti-tachycardia pacing, cardioversion shocks or defibrillation shocks, collectively referred to as �tiered therapy�). Similar rules can be applied to the atrial channel to determine if there is an atrial tachyarrhythmia or atrial fibrillation with appropriate classification and intervention. Cardiac signals are also applied to inputs of an analog-to-digital (A/D) data acquisition system 252. The data acquisition system 252 is configured to acquire intracardiac electrogram signals, convert the raw analog data into a digital signal, and store the digital signals for later processing and/or telemetric transmission to an external device 254. The data acquisition system 252 is coupled to the right atrial lead 104, the coronary sinus lead 106, the right ventricular lead 108 and/or the nerve stimulation lead through the switch 226 to sample cardiac signals across any pair of desired electrodes. The microcontroller 220 is further coupled to a memory 260 by a suitable data/address bus 262, wherein the programmable operating parameters used by the microcontroller 220 are stored and modified, as required, in order to customize the operation of the stimulation device 100 to suit the needs of a particular patient. Such operating parameters define, for example, pacing pulse amplitude, pulse duration, electrode polarity, rate, sensitivity, automatic features, arrhythmia detection criteria, and the amplitude, waveshape, number of pulses, and vector of each shocking pulse to be delivered to the patient's heart 102 within each respective tier of therapy. One feature of the described embodiments is the ability to sense and store a relatively large amount of data (e.g., from the data acquisition system 252), which data may then be used for subsequent analysis to guide the programming of the device. Advantageously, the operating parameters of the implantable device 100 may be non-invasively programmed into the memory 260 through a telemetry circuit 264 in telemetric communication via communication link 266 with the external device 254, such as a programmer, transtelephonic transceiver, or a diagnostic system analyzer. The microcontroller 220 activates the telemetry circuit 264 with a control signal 268. The telemetry circuit 264 advantageously allows intracardiac electrograms and status information relating to the operation of the device 100 (as contained in the microcontroller 220 or memory 260) to be sent to the external device 254 through an established communication link 266. The stimulation device 100 can further include a physiologic sensor 270, commonly referred to as a �rate-responsive� sensor because it is typically used to adjust pacing stimulation rate according to the exercise state of the patient. However, the physiological sensor 270 may further be used to detect changes in cardiac output (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 6,314,323, entitled �Heart stimulator determining cardiac output, by measuring the systolic pressure, for controlling the stimulation�, to Ekwall, issued Nov. 6, 2001, which discusses a pressure sensor adapted to sense pressure in a right ventricle and to generate an electrical pressure signal corresponding to the sensed pressure, an integrator supplied with the pressure signal which integrates the pressure signal between a start time and a stop time to produce an integration result that corresponds to cardiac output), changes in the physiological condition of the heart, or diurnal changes in activity (e.g., detecting sleep and wake states). Accordingly, the microcontroller 220 responds by adjusting the various pacing parameters (such as rate, AV Delay, V-V Delay, etc.) at which the atrial and ventricular pulse generators, 222 and 224, generate stimulation pulses. While shown as being included within the stimulation device 100, it is to be understood that the physiologic sensor 270 may also be external to the stimulation device 100, yet still be implanted within or carried by the patient. Examples of physiologic sensors that may be implemented in device 100 include known sensors that, for example, sense respiration rate, pH of blood, ventricular gradient, cardiac output, preload, afterload, contractility, and so forth. Another sensor that may be used is one that detects activity variance, wherein an activity sensor is monitored diurnally to detect the low variance in the measurement corresponding to the sleep state. For a complete description of the activity variance sensor, the reader is directed to U.S. Pat. No. 5,476,483 (Bornzin et al.), issued Dec. 19, 1995, which patent is hereby incorporated by reference. More specifically, the physiological sensors 270 optionally include sensors for detecting movement and minute ventilation in the patient. The physiological sensors 270 may include a position sensor and/or a minute ventilation (MV) sensor to sense minute ventilation, which is defined as the total volume of air that moves in and out of a patient's lungs in a minute. Signals generated by the position sensor and MV sensor are passed to the microcontroller 220 for analysis in determining whether to adjust the pacing rate, etc. The microcontroller 220 monitors the signals for indications of the patient's position and activity status, such as whether the patient is climbing upstairs or descending downstairs or whether the patient is sitting up after lying down. The stimulation device additionally includes a battery 276 that provides operating power to all of the circuits shown in The stimulation device 100 can further include magnet detection circuitry (not shown), coupled to the microcontroller 220, to detect when a magnet is placed over the stimulation device 100. A magnet may be used by a clinician to perform various test functions of the stimulation device 100 and/or to signal the microcontroller 220 that the external programmer 254 is in place to receive or transmit data to the microcontroller 220 through the telemetry circuits 264. The stimulation device 100 further includes an impedance measuring circuit 278 that is enabled by the microcontroller 220 via a control signal 280. The known uses for an impedance measuring circuit 278 include, but are not limited to, lead impedance surveillance during the acute and chronic phases for proper lead positioning or dislodgement; detecting operable electrodes and automatically switching to an operable pair if dislodgement occurs; measuring respiration or minute ventilation; measuring thoracic impedance for determining shock thresholds; detecting when the device has been implanted; measuring stroke volume; and detecting the opening of heart valves, etc. The impedance measuring circuit 278 is advantageously coupled to the switch 226 so that any desired electrode may be used. In the case where the stimulation device 100 is intended to operate as an implantable cardioverter/defibrillator (ICD) device, it detects the occurrence of an arrhythmia, and automatically applies an appropriate therapy to the heart aimed at terminating the detected arrhythmia. To this end, the microcontroller 220 further controls a shocking circuit 282 by way of a control signal 284. The shocking circuit 282 generates shocking pulses of low (up to 0.5 J), moderate (0.5 J to 10 J), or high energy (11 J to 40 J), as controlled by the microcontroller 220. Such shocking pulses are applied to the patient's heart 102 through at least two shocking electrodes, and as shown in this embodiment, selected from the left atrial coil electrode 126, the RV coil electrode 132, and/or the SVC coil electrode 134. As noted above, the housing 200 may act as an active electrode in combination with the RV electrode 132, or as part of a split electrical vector using the SVC coil electrode 134 or the left atrial coil electrode 126 (i.e., using the RV electrode as a common electrode). Cardioversion level shocks are generally considered to be of low to moderate energy level (so as to minimize pain felt by the patient), and/or synchronized with an R-wave and/or pertaining to the treatment of tachycardia. Defibrillation shocks are generally of moderate to high energy level (i.e., corresponding to thresholds in the range of 5 J to 40 J), delivered asynchronously (since R-waves may be too disorganized), and pertaining exclusively to the treatment of fibrillation. Accordingly, the microcontroller 220 is capable of controlling the synchronous or asynchronous delivery of the shocking pulses. Capture Detection Techniques Referring again to the capture detection module 237 of the device 100 of Often, capture detection is used to determine a suitable stimulus energy level, for example, one that results in capture while minimizing drain on a device's limited power supply. More generally, a capture detection algorithm is used in conjunction with a search technique that determine stimulation energy level may be referred to as threshold search algorithms in that they search for an appropriate stimulation threshold. Devices that implement threshold search algorithms may have difficulty distinguishing capture and non-capture for any of a variety of reasons. For example, fusion and/or pseudofusion waveforms may confound capture detection. Other examples are presented below. Regarding characteristics of capture and non-capture, Several factors contribute to elevated non-capturing PDI values. Sometimes the cardiac electrogram signal has not returned to its steady-state, baseline level before a pulse is delivered. This phenomenon can happen with large evoked response, large repolarization signals, far-field signals, and faster pacing rates. When a pacing pulse is delivered, various algorithms hold the cardiac electrogram signal amplitude constant during a software imposed recharge and block (e.g., Fast Recharge and Block Overlap) duration, which is typically on the order of several milliseconds. When this time expires, the cardiac electrogram signal returns to its intrinsic value, which after a non-capturing pulse on a low polarization lead, is now closer to its actual baseline level. The transition from a constant cardiac electrogram signal during block and recharge to an actual value looks like a small peak, and more importantly, has a significant PDI value. Other techniques such as those that rely on an cardiac electrogram post-pulse slope (e.g., DMax) can also experience difficulty in distinguishing capture and non-capture. Further, certain conventional techniques are limited to particular sensing configurations. For example, various PDI techniques are restricted to unipolar cardiac electrogram sensing (increased signal width) while various slope techniques are restricted to bipolar cardiac electrogram sensing (increased slope). As described herein, various methods use morphology discrimination (sometimes abbreviated �MD�) to distinguish capture and non-capture responsive to a pacing pulse. With morphology discrimination, peak(s), area(s), slope(s), shape(s), etc., of a waveform can be compared to a template to distinguish capture and non-capture. For example, while the two cardiac electrogram signals 310, 320 have similar PDI values, their peaks, slopes, and general shapes are very different. As explained below, morphology discrimination can be used to differentiate these two scenarios. Further, baselines differences from cardiac electrogram to cardiac electrogram can be easily addressed depending on the morphology used to perform a comparison. In some instances, baseline differences may not affect the comparison. Conventional morphology discrimination typically relies on �dynamic template matching� to discriminate between normal and abnormal events such as atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmias, which may be present in sensed cardiac activity (e.g., cardiac electrograms). Morphology discrimination enables a device to examine multiple characteristics of a cardiac electrogram, as opposed to techniques which may look only at a wave complex's width, integral, amplitude and/or slew rate (e.g., slope). As described herein, morphology discrimination allows for a comparison between a cardiac electrogram signal, or portion thereof, and a template. For example, morphology discrimination may compare a last acquired cardiac electrogram complex (e.g., QRS complex) with a predetermined physician-selected patient-specific template. Further, in such an example, the template may not necessarily �look� like a QRS complex but rather provide a standard for comparison. In commercially available implementations of morphology discrimination, a MD algorithm is normally disabled in the setting of a delivered pacing pulse. In contrast, various exemplary methods described herein allow for morphology discrimination or other signal characterization following delivery of a pacing pulse (and optionally before and/or during delivery of an output pulse). In particular, various exemplary methods allow for capture detection even when a conventional evoked response sensing scheme may indicate otherwise (e.g., PDI, DMax, etc.). More specifically, various exemplary methods allow a device to distinguish capture and non-capture scenarios (see, e.g., Some morphology discrimination techniques allow for automatic template update whereby a periodic evaluation of a stored template occurs followed by an update, which may be needed, for example, to accommodate changes in a patient's condition, a device's condition and/or a device/tissue interface. Various techniques allow for modification of a template and/or replacement of a template based on sensed cardiac activity (e.g., EGM information) or other information. Various morphology discrimination techniques are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,779,645, �System and method for waveform morphology comparison�, to Olson et al., which is incorporated by reference herein. The '645 patent compares a test signal to a template signal to determine how closely the test and template signals correspond based on morphology. The comparison may use peak information in the template and the test signal and generate a score to indicate the degree of similarity between the template and the test signal. Variations 420, 430 and 440 indicate how capture information may be used to create a template. In variation 420, cardiac electrogram information associated with capture is used to create a template. The template may be an unmodified representation of the EGM information or the template may be generated using a model that relies at least in part on the cardiac electrogram information. The variation 420 includes a template that is an exact or unmodified representation of the cardiac electrogram information as well as an alternative template. The capture detection block 412 may rely on one or more of such templates, i.e., a template based at least in part on capture information. In variation 430, cardiac electrogram information associated with non-capture is used to create a template. The template may be an unmodified representation of the cardiac electrogram information or the template may be generated using a model that relies at least in part on the cardiac electrogram information. The variation 430 includes a template that is an exact or unmodified representation of the cardiac electrogram information as well as an alternative template. The capture detection block 412 may rely on one or more of such templates, i.e., a template based at least in part on non-capture information. In variation 440, cardiac electrogram information associated with capture and EGM information associated with non-capture are used to create a template. The template may be generated using a model that relies at least in part on the capture and the non-capture cardiac electrogram information. The template of the variation 440 may have any shape that allows for distinguishing capture and non-capture. The capture detection block 412 may rely on one or more of such templates, i.e., a template based at least in part on capture information and at least in part on non-capture information. As presented in the variations 420, 430, 440 of Various exemplary methods acquire cardiac electrogram information for use as a template, or creating a template, when pacing pulse energy is sufficiently high and likely to cause an evoked response. For example, an exemplary method may acquire information for a template during a threshold search and/or during an evoked response sensitivity test. Pacing devices typically perform threshold searches on a regular basis, for example, daily. A threshold search algorithm aims to select a pacing energy that balances a high likelihood of capture and power drain from a device's limited power supply. A threshold search algorithm may occur in any of a variety of manners. Some algorithms perform top down searches (high energy to low energy) while others perform bottom up (low energy to high energy). Some algorithms call for delivery of a back-up pulse in instances where capture does not occur. A commercially available threshold search algorithm is known as the AUTOCAPTURE� algorithm (St. Jude Medical Corp., Sylmar, Calif.). Various exemplary threshold search methods may use a template to distinguish capture and non-capture. Such a template may be provided or based on cardiac electrogram information acquired during or immediately after a threshold search. Further, an exemplary method optionally acquires cardiac electrogram information for use as a non-capture template immediately before, during or immediately after a threshold search. As described herein, threshold searches may rely on morphology discrimination and/or other techniques to decide whether capture or non-capture occur following delivery of a pacing pulse. An evoked response sensitivity test may be performed automatically on a predetermined basis or in response to an event or condition. In general, a clinician initiates an evoked response sensitivity test, for example, during an in-clinic consultation. An evoked response sensitivity test may be performed through use of a programmer configured to communicate with an implantable device (see, e.g., the computing device 730 of An evoked response sensitivity test may deliver a high-amplitude pacing pulse having a high certainty of capture. A cardiac electrogram acquired after delivery of the pulse may be stored and used as a template. A certain number of additional high-amplitude pulses may be delivered to confirm the template's accuracy. In addition, delivery of a low-amplitude pulse may be delivered (e.g., a 0 volt or 0.125 volt pulse) that has a high certainty of non-capture. The additional low-amplitude pulse may further confirm the template's accuracy and that its morphology is sufficiently different from the signal elicited after the capturing pulse. An exemplary method may optionally deliver a series of pacing pulses over a range of amplitudes followed by checking a template's accuracy. Various exemplary methods may include use of one or more templates on a beat-to-beat basis for capture verification. Various exemplary methods may be implemented in conjunction with an implantable device configured to deliver cardiac resynchronization therapy, which may include bi-ventricular pacing therapy. Where more than one chamber of the heart is paced, a template may be suitable for use in capture determination for more than one chamber (e.g., a template suitable for use in left ventricular pacing and right ventricular pacing capture determinations). Where more than one chamber of the heart is paced, a template or group of templates may pertain to one chamber while another template or group of templates pertain to another chamber. The method 500 commences in a set block 504 that sets pulse energy to a high level that is likely to cause capture (e.g., 4 V or higher). A delivery and acquisition block 508 follows that delivers a pulse using the high energy level and that acquires a cardiac electrogram (i.e., acquired information). A template generation block 512 generates a template based at least in part on the acquired cardiac electrogram. A raw cardiac electrogram may be used as a template or processing of a raw cardiac electrogram may occur. For example, more than one cardiac electrogram may be acquired and then averaged or one or more cardiac electrograms may be otherwise processed in an effort to allow for more accurate determinations of capture and/or non-capture. Once the template has been generated, then the method 500 sets the energy to a low level or to zero per a set block 516. A delivery and acquisition block 520 follows that delivers the low energy or steps an implantable device through various steps that would typically occur for delivery of a pulse and acquire a cardiac electrogram pertaining to the delivery. A comparison block 524 follows that compares the acquired cardiac electrogram to the template for purposes of ensuring that the template can be used to distinguish capture and non-capture. A decision block 528 optionally follows to decide if the comparison is robust or otherwise sufficient for use on an on-going basis. For example, an error or a confidence measure may be used to make such a decision. The decision may account for a particular therapy or patient condition. For example, if the patient is pacing dependent and the power supply of the pacing device at issue, then the decision block 528 may require a higher degree of certainty; whereas, for a non-pacing dependent patient and a device with adequate power, a lower degree of certainty may be required of the template's ability to distinguish capture and non-capture. If the decision block 528 decides that the comparison is OK, then the method 500 implements the template per an implementation block 536. However, if the decision block 528 decides that the comparison is not OK, then another technique may be used for distinguishing capture and non-capture scenarios, per the block 532. An exemplary method may optionally deliver pacing pulses at a range of amplitudes, checking the template for accuracy. Any of the various exemplary acquisition and/or accuracy check methods may execute automatically (e.g., outside of the clinic) on a periodic basis to ensure template accuracy. While the method 500 includes some evoked response sensitivity test features, the method 500 may acquire a template outside the realm of an evoked response sensitivity test method and then use the template for one or more purposes that can benefit from capture and/or non-capture determinations. As for specific examples where use of a template can be advantageous, consider a patient that requires fast pacing rates. In general, for fast pacing rates a cardiac electrogram signal has less time to return to baseline before the next pacing pulse, which can lead to elevated non-capturing PDI values. An exemplary method that uses a template for morphology discrimination would be able to tell that, while this sort of post-pace cardiac electrogram signal has a high area (PDI value), the waveform does not look like a normal captured waveform. Morphology discrimination techniques described herein can also be implemented to overcome or more appropriately handle acute implants, injury current and other issues that can cause changes in capture/non-capture morphology. For example, newly implanted leads, injury current can lead to wider evoked responses and larger repolarization signals. These cardiac electrogram characteristics make it difficult for the cardiac electrogram signal to return to baseline before the next pacing pulse, again leading to higher non-capturing PDI values. An exemplary method that uses a template for morphology discrimination can differentiate capture and non-capture where such a return to baseline issue exists. Injury current can also affect an evoked response waveform. In general, PDI techniques measure only �negative area� (i.e., area below a baseline value). An exemplary morphology discrimination method can compare any of a variety of waveform morphologies. For example, when injury current causes a shorter negative evoked response signal, which may or may not occur all within the block and recharge time, morphology discrimination can consider �positive� cardiac electrogram signals as well (i.e., above baseline characteristics). Additionally, with an automatically updating template algorithm, a threshold search algorithm (e.g., AUTOCAPTURE�) can be enabled at implant even if injury current is having a large effect on morphology. Even though injury current will subside and give rise to larger evoked responses, an AUTOCAPTURE� algorithm can be enabled at implant with the automatically updating template algorithm. An exemplary method that uses a template to distinguish capture and non-capture may be implemented using any of a variety of electrode configurations. For example, a convention PDI technique may require use of a particular electrode configuration for cardiac electrogram acquisition (e.g., unipolar or bipolar). Such requirements may further restrict the form of stored cardiac electrograms and interrogated real-time cardiac electrograms. An exemplary method that uses a template to distinguish capture and non-capture for purposes of threshold searches, or other operations, may use any of a variety of configurations. Further, an exemplary method may determine an optimal configuration or allow a clinician to select a desired configuration. The method 600 then enters an adjustment block 608 that adjusts the pacing energy (e.g., E=E0). Next, a delivery and acquisition block 612 calls for delivery of a pacing pulse and acquisition of a cardiac electrogram (e.g., an intracardiac electrogram). A decision block 616 decides if the pacing pulse caused an evoked response, i.e., capture. For example, the decision block 616 may make such a decision by comparing the cardiac electrogram to one or more templates. Typically, such a comparison uses a capture template (e.g., the template 420 of If the decision block 616 decides that capture did not occur, then the method 600 continues in an increase energy block 620 that increases the pulse energy (e.g., E=E+AE). The method 600 then continues at the delivery block 612. However, if the decision block 616 decides that capture occurred, then the method 600 enters an energy reduction block 624 that reduces the pulse energy (e.g., E=E−AE). In this manner, the threshold search method 600 aims to ensure that pulse energy is not excessive (which may needlessly drain power). A delivery and acquisition block 628 delivers a pulse at the reduced energy and acquires a cardiac electrogram. Another decision block 632 follows that can make a decision as described for the decision block 616. If the decision block 632 decides that capture occurred, then the method 600 continues at the reduction block 624 to further reduce the pulse energy. However, if the decision block 632 decides that capture did not occur, then the method enters a block 636 that increases the energy to the energy level that caused capture. Thereafter, an optional safety block 640 may further increase the energy level by a safety margin, which may be a percent, an energy amount, etc. Other action may be taken, as appropriate. Further, an adjustment for purposes of safety may occur elsewhere. As indicated by various plots of capture information and non-capture information, the threshold search method 600 offers various opportunities to confirm, generate or update one or more templates based on capture and non-capture information in any of the acquired cardiac electrograms. For example, the decision block 616 and/or the decision block 632 may generate an error or a confidence measure based on a comparison of an acquired cardiac electrogram and a template or templates. If the error rises above a limit or the confidence measure falls below a limit, then information may be extracted from an acquired cardiac electrogram and used to update a template. Information acquired by blocks 612, 628 may be used to confirm, generate or update a template for use outside of a threshold search method or optionally for a subsequent threshold search (e.g., scheduled search or other search). While an exemplary method may rely on a threshold search to acquire information for use in a template, other techniques also exist for acquisition of such information. An exemplary method may deliver a high-amplitude pacing pulse that is highly likely to cause capture. The method may then store the resulting cardiac electrogram waveform for use as a morphology discrimination template. Such a method may use a certain number of additional high-amplitude pulses to confirm the template's accuracy. Alternatively, or in addition to, such a method may deliver zero energy (e.g., 0.0 V) or low energy (e.g., 0.125 V) pacing pulse that will not capture. In response, the method may confirm that the template is accurate enough to sufficiently distinguish the cardiac electrogram signal elicited after the non-capturing pulse. Further, timing adjustments may be made (e.g., to an atrial to ventricular interval) to avoid fusion. Yet further, a template may be shifted in time prior to or during a comparison to account for any timing adjustments. Thus, the memory 260 of the device 100 may store capture and non-capture information for one or more chambers of the heart, as indicated by RA information 722, LA information 724, RV information 726 and LV information 728. Such information may be used by the device 100 for any of a variety of purposes. As described herein, the device 100 optionally includes a module or control logic 720 that relies, at least in part, on one or more templates (e.g., capture templates) to optimize cardiac resynchronization therapy. For example, the module 720 may include instructions executable by the processor 220 (see, e.g., microcontroller 220 of While the device 100 may have such capabilities per the module 720, such capabilities may be available alternatively or additionally in a computing device 730 (e.g., a programmer for an implantable device) capable of communicating with the device 100 (e.g., wand or paddle 732) and/or another computer 740. Further, the information 722-728 may be communicated to a database 750. Aggregation or results of a statistical analysis of information from a variety of patients may be used in determining an appropriate course of therapy. For example, the database 750 may include data from other patients and the computer 740 (or other computer) may include a model that relies on the data from other patients and a particular patient to recommend a course of action for the particular patient. An exemplary method may include providing a template, delivering a right ventricular pacing pulse to a heart and a left ventricular pacing pulse to the heart, acquiring a cardiac electrogram, comparing the cardiac electrogram to the template and, based on the comparing, deciding if the right ventricular pacing pulse caused an evoked response and/or if the left ventricular pacing pulse caused an evoked response. In this example, the template may be based on a cardiac electrogram that includes information for a right ventricular evoked response and a left ventricular evoked response. Such a template may be acquired using a high energy level for right and left ventricular pacing pulses and such a template may be optionally assessed for accuracy, as described above, using appropriate modifications to account for bi-ventricular pacing. For example, the template may account for a delay between delivery of right and left ventricular pulses, be partitionable into right and left ventricular portions, assessed for left ventricular accuracy (e.g., using a left ventricular portion of the template), assessed for right ventricular accuracy (e.g., using a right ventricular portion of the template), etc. A template may rely on superposition of a cardiac electrogram for a right ventricle and a cardiac electrogram for a left ventricle. Superposition states that the total response at a given place and time caused by two or more signals propagating in the same space is the sum of the separate responses which would have been produced by the individual signals. Where left ventricular and right ventricular pacing occur, a template based on superposition of a left ventricular template and right ventricular template may be used, optionally accounting for a delay between delivery of right and left ventricular pulses if the pulses are not delivered simultaneously. An exemplary method includes providing a template, delivering a right ventricular pacing pulse to a heart and a left ventricular pacing pulse to the heart, acquiring a cardiac electrogram, comparing the cardiac electrogram to the template and, based on the comparing, deciding if the right ventricular pacing pulse caused an evoked response and/or if the left ventricular pacing pulse caused an evoked response where the template is a superposition of a cardiac electrogram for a left ventricular evoked response and a cardiac electrogram for a right ventricular evoked response where the superposition optionally relies on a delay between delivery of the right ventricular pacing pulse and the left ventricular pacing pulse. Various exemplary methods may store template information, comparison results, etc., for the purposes of trend analysis. For example, a series of templates spanning several months may be analyzed to reveal a trend. Such a trend may relate to characteristics of a device (e.g., condition of device), one or more tissue/device interfaces, patient condition, etc. While various examples refer to pacing pulse voltages such as those used in constant voltage pacing, other pacing methods may use constant current or other energy parameters for pacing. As described herein, morphology discrimination can be used for any of these pacing techniques to distinguish capture and non-capture. Again, morphology discrimination can alleviate restrictions as to electrode sensing configurations as well. Such flexibility can be advantageous in instances where a device can select or alter pacing or sensing configurations to improve cardiac performance. In other words, a conventional capture assessment technique may limit such options. Conclusion Although exemplary methods and/or devices have been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described. Rather, the specific features and acts are disclosed as exemplary forms of implementing the claimed methods and/or devices. Patent Citations
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