text:
Sound pressure
Sound measurements | |
Sound pressure | p · SPL |
Particle velocity | v · SVL |
Particle displacement | ξ |
Sound intensity | I · SIL |
Sound power | P · SWL |
Sound energy | W |
Sound energy density | w |
Sound exposure | E · SEL |
Sound energy flux | Q |
Acoustic impedance | Z |
Speed of sound | c |
Audio frequency | AF |
Transmission loss | TL |
Sound pressure or acoustic pressure is the local pressure deviation from the ambient (average, or equilibrium) atmospheric pressure, caused by a sound wave. In air, sound pressure can be measured using a microphone, and in water with a hydrophone.
Mathematical definition[edit]
A sound wave in a transmission medium causes a deviation (sound pressure, a dynamic pressure) in the local ambient pressure, a static pressure.
Sound pressure, denoted p and measured in Pa, is given by:
- ptotal is the total pressure, measured in Pa;
- pstat is the static pressure, measured in Pa.
Sound measurements[edit]
Sound intensity[edit]
In a sound wave, the complementary variable to sound pressure is the particle velocity. Together they determine the sound intensity of the wave.
Sound intensity, denoted I and measured in W·m−2, is given by:
Acoustic impedance[edit]
Acoustic impedance, denoted Z and measured in Pa·m−3·s, is given by:[1]
- is the Laplace transform of sound pressure, measured in Pa;
- is the Laplace transform of sound volume flow rate, measured in m3·s−1.
Specific acoustic impedance, denoted z and measured in Pa·m−1·s, is given by:[1]
- is the Laplace transform of sound pressure, measured in Pa;
- is the Laplace transform of particle velocity, measured in m·s−1.
Particle displacement[edit]
A progressive sine wave for particle displacement is expressed by:
so particle velocity and sound pressure are equal to:
where x is the space variable along the direction of propagation of the sound wave.
Taking the Laplace transforms of v and p with respect to time yields:
Since , the amplitude of the specific acoustic impedance is equal to:
Consequently, the amplitude of the sound pressure is connected to the amplitude of the particle displacement:
Distance law[edit]
When measuring the sound created by an object, it is important to measure the distance from the object as well, since the sound pressure decreases with distance from a point source with a 1/r relationship (and not 1/r2, like sound intensity).[2]
The distance law of sound pressure p for a spherical sound wave at a distance r from a punctual sound source is given by[citation needed]:
If the sound pressure p1 is measured at a distance r1, the sound pressure p2 at another position r2 can be calculated:
The sound pressure may vary in direction from the source, as well, so measurements at different angles may be necessary, depending on the situation.[citation needed] An obvious example of a source that varies in level in different directions is a bullhorn.
Sound pressure level[edit]
Sound pressure level (SPL) or acoustic pressure level is a logarithmic measure of the effective sound pressure of a sound relative to a reference value.
Sound pressure level, denoted Lp and measured in dB, above a standard reference level, is given by:
- prms is the root mean square sound pressure, measured in Pa;[3]
- p0 is the reference sound pressure, measured in Pa.
Sometimes variants are used such as dB (SPL), dBSPL, or dBSPL. These variants are not recognized as units in the SI.[4] The unit dB (SPL) is sometimes abbreviated to just "dB", which can give the erroneous impression that a dB is an absolute unit by itself.
The commonly used reference sound pressure in air is p0 = 20 μPa (RMS) or 0.0002 dynes/cm2,[5] which is usually considered the threshold of human hearing (roughly the sound of a mosquito flying 3 m away). Most sound level measurements will be made relative to this level, meaning 1 Pa will equal an SPL of 94 dB. In other media, such as underwater, a reference level of 1 μPa is used.[6] These references are defined in ANSI S1.1-1994.[7]
The lower limit of audibility is defined as SPL of 0 dB, but the upper limit is not as clearly defined. While 1 atm (194 dB Peak or 191 dB SPL) is the largest pressure variation an undistorted sound wave can have in Earth's atmosphere, larger sound waves can be present in other atmospheres or other media such as under water, or through the Earth.
Ears detect changes in sound pressure. Human hearing does not have a flat spectral sensitivity (frequency response) relative to frequency versus amplitude. Humans do not perceive low- and high-frequency sounds as well as they perceive sounds near 2,000 Hz, as shown in the equal-loudness contour. Because the frequency response of human hearing changes with amplitude, three weightings have been established for measuring sound pressure: A, B and C. A-weighting applies to sound pressures levels up to 55 dB, B-weighting applies to sound pressures levels between 55 and 85 dB, and C-weighting is for measuring sound pressure levels above 85 dB.[citation needed]
In order to distinguish the different sound measures a suffix is used: A-weighted sound pressure level is written either as dBA or LA. B-weighted sound pressure level is written either as dBB or LB, and C-weighted sound pressure level is written either as dBC or LC. Unweighted sound pressure level is called "linear sound pressure level" and is often written as dBL or just L. Some sound measuring instruments use the letter "Z" as an indication of linear SPL.
The distance of the measuring microphone from a sound source is often omitted when SPL measurements are quoted, making the data useless. In the case of ambient environmental measurements of "background" noise, distance need not be quoted as no single source is present, but when measuring the noise level of a specific piece of equipment the distance should always be stated. A distance of one metre (1 m) from the source is a frequently used standard distance. Because of the effects of reflected noise within a closed room, the use of an anechoic chamber allows for sound to be comparable to measurements made in a free field environment.
When sound level Lp1 is measured at a distance r1, the sound level Lp2 at the distance r2 is
- dB.
Multiple sources[edit]
The formula for the sum of the sound pressure levels of n incoherent radiating sources is
From the formula of the sound pressure level we find
This inserted in the formula for the sound pressure level to calculate the sum level shows
Examples of sound pressure[edit]
This table needs additional citations for verification. (March 2009) |
Source of sound | Sound pressure* (Pa) |
Sound pressure level (dBSPL) |
Shockwave (distorted sound waves > 1 atm; waveform valleys are clipped at zero pressure) | >101,325 | >194 |
Theoretical limit for undistorted sound at 1 atmosphere environmental pressure | 101,325 | 194 |
Stun grenades | 6,000–20,000 | 170–180 |
Simple open-ended thermoacoustic device[8] | 12,619 | 176 |
.30-06 rifle being fired 1 m to shooter's side | 7,265 | 171 |
Rocket launch equipment acoustic tests | 4000 | 165 |
LRAD 1000Xi Long Range Acoustic Device at 1 m[9] | 893 | 153 |
Jet engine at 1 m | 632 | 150 |
Threshold of pain | 63.2 | 130 |
Vuvuzela horn at 1 m[10] | 20 | 120 |
Risk of instantaneous noise-induced hearing loss | 20 | 120 |
Jet engine at 100 m | 6.32–200 | 110–140 |
Non-electric chainsaw at 1 m[11] | 6.32 | 110 |
Jack hammer at 1 m | 2 | 100 |
Traffic on a busy roadway at 10 m | 0.2–0.632 | 80–90 |
Hearing damage (over long-term exposure, need not be continuous)[12] | 0.356 | 85 |
Passenger car at 10 m | (2–20)×10−2 | 60–80 |
EPA-identified maximum to protect against hearing loss and other disruptive effects from noise, such as sleep disturbance, stress, learning detriment, etc.[13] | 6.32×10−2 | 70 |
Handheld electric mixer | 65 | |
TV (set at home level) at 1 m | 2×10−2 | 60 |
Washing machine, dishwasher[14] | 42–53 | |
Normal conversation at 1 m | (2–20)×10−3 | 40–60 |
Very calm room | (2–6.32)×10−4 | 20–30 |
Light leaf rustling, calm breathing | 6.32×10−5 | 10 |
Auditory threshold at 1 kHz[12] | 2×10−5 | 0 |
*All values listed are the effective sound pressure unless otherwise stated.
See also[edit]
- Acoustics
- Phon (unit)
- Loudness
- Sone (unit)
- Sound level meter
- Stevens' power law
- Weber–Fechner law, especially The case of sound
- ^ a b Wolfe, J. "What is acoustic impedance and why is it important?". University of New South Wales, Dept. of Physics, Music Acoustics. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
- ^ Longhurst, R.S. (1967). Geometrical and Physical Optics. Norwich: Longmans.
- ^ Bies, David A., and Hansen, Colin. (2003). Engineering Noise Control.
- ^ Thompson and Taylor 2008, Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI), NIST Special Publication SP811
- ^ Ross Roeser, Michael Valente, Audiology: Diagnosis (Thieme 2007), p. 240.
- ^ Morfey, Christopher L. (2001). Dictionary of Acoustics. San Diego: Academic Press. ISBN 978-0125069403.
- ^ "Noise Terms Glossary". Retrieved 2012-10-14.
- ^ Hatazawa, M., Sugita, H., Ogawa, T. & Seo, Y. (Jan. 2004), 'Performance of a thermoacoustic sound wave generator driven with waste heat of automobile gasoline engine,' Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (Part B) Vol. 16, No. 1, 292–299. [1]
- ^ "LRAD Corporation Product Overview for LRAD 1000Xi". Retrieved 29 May 2014.
- ^ Swanepoel, De Wet; Hall III, James W; Koekemoer, Dirk (February 2010). "Vuvuzela – good for your team, bad for your ears" (PDF). South African Medical Journal 100 (4): 99–100. PMID 20459912.
- ^ "Decibel Table - SPL - Loudness Comparison Chart". "sengpielaudio". Retrieved 5 Mar 2012.
- ^ a b William Hamby. "Ultimate Sound Pressure Level Decibel Table". Archived from the original on 2010-07-27.
- ^ "EPA Identifies Noise Levels Affecting Health and Welfare" (Press release). Environmental Protection Agency. April 2, 1974. Retrieved October 17, 2014.
- ^ "Active Water". Bosch. p. 17. Retrieved 4 March 2012.
- General
- Beranek, Leo L, "Acoustics" (1993) Acoustical Society of America. ISBN 0-88318-494-X
- Daniel R. Raichel, "The Science and Applications of Acoustics" (2006), Springer New York, ISBN 1441920803
External links[edit]
- Sound pressure and Sound power – Effect and Cause
- Conversion of sound pressure to sound pressure level and vice versa
- Table of Sound Levels - Corresponding Sound Pressure and Sound Intensity
- Ohm's law as acoustic equivalent - calculations
- Definition of sound pressure level
- A table of SPL values
- Relationships of acoustic quantities associated with a plane progressive acoustic sound wave - pdf
- Sound pressure and sound power - two commonly confused characteristics of sound
- How many decibels is twice as loud? Sound level change and the respective factor of sound pressure or sound intensity
- Decibel (loudness) comparison chart


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Story Created: Aug 25, 2011 at 1:28 PM PST
Story Updated: Aug 25, 2011 at 1:28 PM PST
scott said on Monday, Aug 29 at 11:08 AM
what happened to streets of san francisco?
Tom said on Monday, Aug 29 at 11:30 AM
U replaced Streets of SF with stinking Wendy Williams? SFPD will arrest the lot of you... Justifiable community annoyance, while you are bringing back Streets of SF, bring back the redhead in the bikini on Creepy and loose the tired goth chicks they have been on three times as long as the hotties. Your station is getting out of touch with the community.
Bart said on Tuesday, Dec 27 at 2:33 PM
More Cash Cab! Lots n' lots of Cash Cab! All over the schedule! We love Cash Cab!
Doug Shader said on Thursday, Jul 4 at 5:44 PM
What happened to Cash Cab? I couldn't get enough of it and now it's only on at 3am ??? Please return it before midnight anytime. Thank you.
Kent Taylor said on Tuesday, Sep 2 at 8:07 AM
What happened to cash cab?
KOFY and its affiliated companies are not responsible for the content of comments posted or for anything arising out of use of the above comments or other interaction among the users. We reserve the right to screen, refuse to post, remove or edit user-generated content at any time and for any or no reason in our absolute and sole discretion without prior notice, although we have no duty to do so or to monitor any Public Forum.

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I have mini english bull puppys mom is shared psi dad is English they are in site taking depts now will be ready for there New homes March 12th
Australian Cattle/Terrier Mix Female
Skye was adopted from us in October 2013 and returned for lack of training time. She is an Australian Cattle Dog/Terrier Mix, she weighs 22 pounds and will get no larger. Her previous owners have two girls, now 5 and 8, Skye likse to take food out of their hands and off ...
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I have one female left from litter of 7. She is 8 weeks old and is ready to go.She has been given 1st puppy shot and dew claws have been removed. She comes with full akc registration and puppy kit which includes puppy food, toy, leash, collar, sweater and blanket. If you ...
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You don't have to spend a fortune to get a fresh new look for your home.
Mark Pierce bought and remodeled this home in St. Paul, which he is now selling.
Mark Pierce has to know how to spruce up a home on a tight budget.
Much of the St. Paul licensed general contractor's work involves buying, fixing up and reselling homes, so his income depends on keeping down expenses.
Walking around a St. Paul home into which he was putting the finishing touches, the home-repair specialist pointed out some of the ways he had economized as he spruced the place up.
On the front porch, the floor was collapsed when he bought the property, so he rebuilt the floor, covering it with remnant pieces of carpet and vinyl flooring.
In the bathroom, he installed a glass block window he had put together himself.
He cut out the top half of a wall to create an open floor plan, with visibility from the kitchen to the front of the house, and capped it with a piece of salvaged molding.
He painted the front rooms a soft sage green with paint he'd selected for $5 a gallon from among cans customers had returned to the store. In the kitchen, he gave the cabinets a coat of fresh paint and created an attractive backsplash pattern by giving his son a box of remnant tiles and the instruction to "make something work."
Pierce lavishes praise on the Habitat for Humanity ReStore outlet in New Brighton, where the public can donate used items, or buy them at a fraction of what they'd cost elsewhere. Among the bargains he has picked up there: doors, woodwork, floor coverings, major appliances for $50 to $75 (guaranteed to work, or you can return them, he said), a light fixture for a dollar, doorknobs for 25 cents apiece.
He also picks up affordable materials -- roofing, wood, countertops, bathroom vanities, cabinets, tile -- at the Building Materials Outlet in Eagan. And he keeps his eye out for sales at Menards. If you're undertaking a home improvement project, Pierce recommends collecting items -- a ceiling fan, a vanity, a garage-door opener -- as you plan the project, rather than waiting until right before you start the work.
"Pick up stuff when it goes on sale," he advised. "Plan your project, and shop, shop, shop."
Two things he warns against skimping on: door locks and toilets. He recently upgraded to a better toilet in his own home, and found he was able to save water without sacrificing efficiency.
"I spent more money on it, but I save every time we flush it," Pierce said.
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Barrow Thorns girls complete Hatfield and Bury double
Last updated at 16:07, Thursday, 08 November 2012
Hatfield Fliers U16s 34 Barrow Thorns U16s 39
THORNS came through a lethargic display to take the points from their longest trip of the season to Hatfield Fliers in South Yorkshire.
Whether it was just a bad day at the office, or the effects of the long journey, Barrow were not at the top of their game.
But fortunately neither were the hosts, which made the first quarter a tiresome affair, baskets coming in trickles as Thorns led 9-8 at its conclusion thanks to baskets from Ella Brocklebank, Charlotte Penellum and Emily Cox.
The second period was no better, as neither team looked like they wanted to play.
Poor finishing and an unwillingness to run on fast breaks cost Barrow points, but they managed to finish the first half leading 16-13 in a low-scoring affair. Hatfield came out the stronger in the second half, but again the game drifted from end to end and for six minutes neither team scored a single point.
By the end of the third quarter, Hatfield led by one point.
In the final quarter, the lights came on for Barrow as they stared defeat in the face.
It was youngster Emily Duerden who stepped up the most. Excellent smothering defence and a willingness to attack the Fliers' basket on the break earned her six valuable points in quick succession.
She inspired her team-mates to push to the finish line and it was Duerden's final basket in regular time that levelled the game with seconds left. The buzzer sounded and for the first time this season the game went to overtime.
Thorns maintained the momentum of the fourth quarter and edged the extra-time with a 6-1 scoring burst.
Points: Ella Brocklebank 11, Charlotte Penellum 10, Emily Duerden 10, Emily Cox 6, Abbie Gower 2.
Player-of-the-Match: Emily Duerden.
Barrow Thorns U16s 103 Bury Blue Devils 27
THORNS expelled their demons and bounced back to form with a home court thrashing of Bury.
The problems that afflicted them on their trip to Hatfield were left behind in South Yorkshire as they defended well, attacked hard and ran fast breaks for fun.
A rampant Barrow side ripped through Bury's defence and Charlotte Penellum took advantage of her team's great approach play to rack up 21 points in the first quarter, to effectively finish the game as a contest with a 35-3 quarter score.
From such a commanding position, Barrow took the opportunity to use all their players early in the game.
Catriona MacTaggart and Abbie Gower played with confidence and found their way on to the scoresheet with some well-taken chances.
The second period was another scoring feast for the home side, with Emily Duerden, Emily Cox and Ella Brocklebank bagging most of the points as they ended the half 61-11 up.
Georgia Moore, Milly Knowles and MacTaggart netted more points, while new recruit Mel Rogerson, playing in her first competitive game, used her height advantage to great effect, controlling several defensive rebounds and bagging herself a basket at the offensive end in a good start in her Thorns career.
The game was played out using good bench rotation from Barrow, ensuring every player did their bit for the team as they ran out comfortable winners to sit fourth in the North Conference.
Points: Charlotte Penellum 33, Ella Brocklebank 22, Emily Cox 14, Cat MacTaggart 8, Emily Duerden 8, Abbie Gower 6 Milly Knowles 6, Georgia Moore 4, Mel Rogerson 2.
Player-of-the-Match: Charlotte Penellum.
Special Mention: Cat MacTaggart.
First published at 16:05, Thursday, 08 November 2012
Published by http://www.nwemail.co.uk
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Self AwareLying in waitjilted, by a fictional betrayalyou approacha smile flickering across your faceunaware of the wound, the scarsthat have surfacedyou pulled the triggerwithout even knowing ,there was a gun in your handsI lie in waitneeding to transfer the painpass along the diseaseas if hurting an innocentwould magically erase the pain,the tormentthat has formed and engrained itself in my bonesI know,I knowin my head you are not the othersbut their face's flood my visionmemories tearing a hole in what should be a happy momentit's blindingyour face falls as I speakattacked viciously without causeconfusion and hurt spreadsI'm left aloneno relief from angerand then the guilt comesI knew,knewnot toobut I did it anywayknew the outcomesaw the futurebecause it's the paststuck as the world moves swiftly onunable or unwilling to let gocomfortable in my own sicknessin my cage
The Man in the Coffee ShopThe man who works at the coffee shop looks like you. I noticed this some time ago and have since frequented the place. He recognizes me now. He smiles at me when I come in. His smile even looks like yours. He doesn't say hey though- you always said hey.I still work at the library even though you're not there.Sometimes I look over to your desk and expect to see you typing at your computer, but someone else is there now. It's not you.Sometimes someone will come in who looks like you. Maybe he will have the same hair, same stature, same profile, same laugh, same voice. It's never been you.Sometimes I drive myself crazy. I pull at my hair and scream 'till my lungs burst. I scream for and at you. I ask how you could have left me here.Sometimes I allow myself to believe that I will see you again. By chance we will run into each other in a Wal-Mart far away.I go to the coffee shop on Tuesday afternoons. I order a small chai tea with milk.Sometimes the man is working at th
High School Idiots1. Conflicting"So Leaf," the spiky haired male said, leaning next to her locker. "Wanna help me study some math?"Said girl slammed her locker door shut, giving him a blank face. "Nope. The girls and I are having a sleepover, tonight and I need to fix up the place." She gripped her bag on her shoulder, grunting a bit when she placed her textbook in it.He frowned a bit. "But I really need help with math," he whined, poking her."Well go ask the teachers or go to tutoring, Green," she deadpanned. Giggling, she started to walk away from Green.Green growled, gripping her wrist, preventing her from escaping. "I'll be at your house whether you like it or not."Leaf giggled even more. "That is, if Red lets you stay."The boy sweatdropped at the mentioning of her brother's name. He had heard rumors about the sibling. Very interesting, psychotic rumors. If they were true, he sure as hell didn't want to provoke Red— "Er... I remembered I was gonna go with Ethan to the arcade o


text:
The Hill
Sen. Ron Wyden wants Medicare data to become more transparent.
Sen. Ron Wyden (D-Ore.) said on June 25 there is no reason why Americans should not have access to more Medicare data. Wyden, who was speaking at a Bipartisan Policy Center healthcare technology forum, said there should be transparency for where Medicare money goes, as well as comparison of medical prices among hospitals.
"For the first time, the American people will learn what Medicare pays for various services," Wyden said.
Wyden said 52 million people will be covered by Medicare in 2013, accounting for more than $50 billion, or 14 percent of federal spending.
"With this kind of public investment, it's pretty hard to juxtapose that with the argument that somehow this is all a private matter," Wyden said.
He pointed to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services releasing information regarding common hospital charges and outpatient procedures as a limited but forward step towards healthcare transparency.
Wyden and Sen. Charles Grassley (R-Iowa) on June 18 reintroduced the Medicare Data Access for Transparency and Accountability Act (Medicare DATA Act), which calls for a database containing Medicare claims and expenditures. Grassley originally introduced the bill in 2011.
"Taxpayers have a right to see how their dollars are being spent," Grassley said at the time. "There shouldn't be a special exception for hard-earned dollars that happen to be spent through Medicare."
At the health IT forum, Wyden said a successful Medicare database would contain information on which doctors frequently perform specific procedures and price comparisons between inpatient and outpatient care.
"Healthcare can be transformed by the mountains and miles of data that are growing everyday, but only if it's accessible," Wyden said.
Mark Hogel, CTO for CMS, said that while the agency has received an increasing influx of medical data, quality and consistency are the biggest hurdles to access.
"The perfect place to ensure that you have high-quality data is at the point of creation," Hogel said. "We don't create our data; we receive our data."
Specifically, CMS receives Medicare information and other data from states, which presents discrepancy problems because of the variety of payment systems. Some states have more than one payment system.
"Sometimes I think we're not necessarily looking at the right data we should be looking at," Hogel said.
Privacy concerns are another procedural impediment. With the ability for personal medical data to be shared across an ever-growing number of entities, patients can choose not to have their records shared at all, invoking another variable that CMS must account for.
Hogel said he is interested in pursuing other types of data analysis, such as geospatial and zip code trends. Integrating medical data on a national level, he said, would allow Medicaid administrative contractors to isolate and compare specific regions regarding healthcare.
About the Author
Reid Davenport is an FCW editorial fellow. Connect with him on Twitter: @ReidDavenport.
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President Obama's proposal to boost government coordination with the private sector got a warm welcome in the House Homeland Security Committee.
The spy agency wants to better integrate cybersecurity into its traditional human intelligence operations.
Meet the women and men who are doing great things in federal IT.
The law's certification and approval provisions empower CIOs to end outdated software development projects, says Agilex's Roger Baker.
The new chairman of the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee extends an olive branch to the minority, but keeps subpoena power for himself.
FCW investigated efforts by the departments of Defense and Veterans Affairs to improve a joint data repository on military and veteran suicides. Something as impersonal and mundane as incomplete datasets could be exacerbating a national tragedy.
Despite delays, the program is at a critical point for determining the ultimate impact of cloud technology in the government space.
In an interview with FCW, the Department of Veterans Affairs' chief technology officer talks about overhauling the digital experience for VA customers.
The National Information Exchange Model's usefulness extends far beyond its origins in justice and law enforcement.
While I don't object to statiscal data being made more transparent, this kind of "transparency" should be easily obtained without a large bureacratic organization, using simple programs to extract and analyze payment data. It is unnecessary since the data already exists and just needs to be appropriately "mined". Specific information about Medicare payments for/to individuals and on their behalf to healthcare organizations should continue to be protected. And, I take issue with the statement "Taxpayers have a right to know ...." It is NOT the "taxpayers" money, of which I am one, BUT the individuals who have paid for their Medicare benefits' money. This is not money from someone's Federal income tax or property tax or sales tax . It is money specifically taken from our salaries for our later Medicare benefits. These are "earned" and paid for benefits. If the government had never taken Social Security and Medicare withholding funds and put them in with General funds, Social Security would not have a funding problem today or in 30 years. We pay and paid for our Medicare benefits and they should not be counted as "part of the Federal budget, general funds". The payments to Medicare should be kept in a separate fund and treated as "repayment" of peoples' "loan" to the government for, in my case, the 53 years that I have been working full time and continue to do so.
Medicare already req uses our Social Security number as our Medicare claim number - right there in big, bold print - on the front of our Medicare health insurance card! All the talk about privacy and preventing a hacker from stealing our identity is a bunch of hogwash. If our records are submitted anywhere within the system, our SSN is going right along with it. I think it's high time our political leaders do something about this and NOT use our SSN as the Medicare claim number.
While we need better accountability of Government programs, the unfortunate side of what they are proposing is that the program will: likely be far more expensive than they estimate, take far longer to implement than planned, work far less efficient than they envision, not elimnate most of the fraud they are targeting, and likely be subject to another type of abuse (lookup the latest scandals in the GSA, IRS, EPA, and more). I wish that were not the case, but the track record of the Government, especailly in the last four years, leads most attentive people to pessimism when it comes to Government programs.


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Unbiased Reviews by Real People
Ginger Snaps: Lion's Gate Films Rating: USA: Unrated When I first started hearing the buzz about John Fawcett's werewolf film Ginger Snaps, I was guardedly optimistic. The film, which was only shown theatrically at some film festivals here in the States, sounded promising—but, Mike Mendez's The Convent (another much discussed horror film that still remains unreleased here in America as well) also sounded promising…and the end result there was a film that left me very disappointed. So, when my copy of the film arrived recently (courtesy of my good buddy and fellow Epinionator Stargull), I popped it in and hoped for the best but anticipated the worst. My trepidation was largely unnecessary, though, because Ginger Snaps is an engaging, entertaining horror film that works…for the most part. Brigitte (Emily Perkins) and Ginger (Katherine Isabelle) are teenaged sisters living in what appears to be suburban America. They're social misfits--witnessed by the fact that they use a series of staged suicide photos for a class project—and outcasts in the social hierarchy of high school. That's okay, though, because they've got each other—and as long as they've got each other, things will be all right (or at least endurable—Brigitte and Ginger are nothing if not world-weary and cynical). Things change though, when a werewolf attacks Ginger one night, right after she begins her very first period. Ginger survives the assault, but winds up becoming a lycanthrope herself. Brigitte works diligently to cure her sister of the curse and cover up her terrible acts…but does Ginger really want to be saved? Mixing together a heady mélange of Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Scream, and The Lost Boys, Ginger Snaps manages to be much more impressive than most people would imagine primarily because it breathes new life into one of horror's oldest archetypes—the werewolf. Most of this is attributable to the performances of Emily Perkins and Katherine Isabelle. These two young women do a superb job bringing the disaffected and alienated teenagers to life. I haven't seen Ghost World yet, but from what I've heard about it, these characters seem like they'd be right at home in that film's universe. Emily Perkins is particularly good, primarily because she's the character who has to undergo the more realistic change during the course of the narrative (while Ginger goes from girl to werewolf, it's not quite as realistic a change as Brigitte's transition from sister confidant to potential savior). Perkins does an especially good job playing what would have been the 'Corey Haim' role in Lost Boys--the younger child who's about to lose an older sibling to a supernatural transformation…unless the younger child can stop it. That's but one of the thematic issues that the film tackles, though. Other issues, such as burgeoning sexuality occurring at different periods between closely aged siblings, social stratification, the awkward transition from childhood to womanhood, and dysfunctional family life also figure prominently into the narrative. While none of these themes are presented or handled in an especially profound way, they are examined with more than the glib and perfunctory observations of most of the films in the postmodernist horror film canon. Speaking of the postmodernist horror film, it's nice to see a movie that tries to be different. While most of Hollywood's horror output since the mid 1990s has consisted of lousy imitations of Wes Craven's Scream, this movie doesn't revel in its hipness. While there's a certain air of 'self-awareness' in the film, it isn't crammed down our throat by unlikable characters as it is in most of the other films of recent memory. No one espouses 'the rules' of lycanthropy (although Brigitte does watch one movie) nor does anyone make comments along the lines of 'this is just like something out of a horror movie'. Bravo on that count. If I never have to watch another postmodernist slasher film, it will be too soon. Director John Fawcett does a serviceable job behind the camera. Fawcett makes the wise decision to keep his shapeshifter shrouded in darkness for much of the film. This works nicely to heighten the suspense and anticipation for when it does finally show up at the climax. Instead of revealing his beast, we're treated to little peaks at Ginger's transformation—the ever-present tail that she must conceal, coarse new hair, etc. The rest of the direction is solid, if not all that exciting. There's a reliance on a lot of quick cutting that can make the action scenes difficult to follow, but it's hard to blame Fawcett for emulating what everyone else in Hollywood is doing. If the film has one thing that holds it back from greatness, it's the ending. The film's climax drags on interminably before arriving at a conclusion that probably sounded profound and touching to the people involved with the production, but ultimately plays out as very predictable. It's a shame to see a film that had worked so hard to be fresh and inventive for the first two and a half acts just drop everything and go for the safe, traditional ending. I suppose some of the younger crowd who's grown up on recent slasher cinema might find it profound, but those of us who've been watching genre films for a while won't be too surprised by the final sequence. There are other small problems littered throughout the film, as well, but they're really relatively inconsequential—and not enough to change my positive opinion of Ginger Snaps as a whole. One other thing that was nice to see was that the film relied on latex and puppets for its monster and FX work, not that hokey CGI garbage that's marred more recent horror films than I care to remember. There's a fair amount of gore in this film, and it's presented the old fashioned way—the way it should be. The werewolf itself often looks like a puppet, but frankly, I'll take a puppet over a computer-generated monster on any day of the week. While it's not a perfect film, or even the best werewolf film around (tough to beat out movies like An American Werewolf in London), Ginger Snaps breathes new life into one of horror's most under appreciated archetypes—the werewolf. It also does a nice job of conveying teenaged angst and cynicism while giving the audience a well-executed horror flick in the process. If you're looking for a film with the aesthetics of the '90s slasher film, but without the glib condescension of filmmakers and screenwriters who think they're smarter than the material, then Ginger Snaps is well worth a look. Hopefully this film will finally find an audience.


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Russian President Vladimir Putin (left) attends an Interior Ministry meeting Wednesday in Moscow. He condemned the death of Boris Nemtsov, saying it was a "disgrace" to Russia. Alexei Druzhinin/AP hide caption itoggle caption Alexei Druzhinin/AP The Two-Way Putin Speaks About The Killing Of Kremlin Critic Boris Nemtsov March 4, 2015 Russia's president said Nemtsov's death was a shameful tragedy. Nemtsov was gunned down near the Kremlin on Friday. His supporters blame Russian authorities.
People hold flags and posters during a march to commemorate Kremlin critic Boris Nemtsov, who was shot dead on Friday night. Tatyana Makeyeva/Reuters/Landov hide caption itoggle caption Tatyana Makeyeva/Reuters/Landov The Two-Way Opposition Rally In Moscow To Mourn Boris Nemtsov March 1, 2015 The Russian opposition leader was gunned down in Moscow on Friday in what many of his supporters believe was a directed political assassination.
People lay flowers on Saturday at the place where Boris Nemtsov, a charismatic Russian opposition leader and sharp critic of President Vladimir Putin, was gunned down, at Red Square in Moscow, Russia. Pavel Golovkin/AP hide caption itoggle caption Pavel Golovkin/AP The Two-Way West Calls On Russia For Independent Probe Of Nemtsov's Murder February 28, 2015 The opposition leader and harsh critic of Russian President Vladimir Putin, was gunned down in public on Friday.
Russian President Vladimir Putin presents Egyptian President Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi an AK-47 assault rifle upon his arrival at the Cairo International Airport in Egypt on Monday. AP hide caption itoggle caption AP The Two-Way Putin Presents Egyptian Leader With An AK-47 February 10, 2015 Russian President Vladimir Putin is in Cairo for talks with Egyptian President Abdel-Fattah el-Sisi, one day before a critical meeting in Minsk over the future of Ukraine.
Bill Browder crosses Red Square in 2004, at the height of Hermitage Capital Management's success. James Hill/Courtesy of the Browder Family Archives hide caption itoggle caption James Hill/Courtesy of the Browder Family Archives Parallels In 'Red Notice,' Success Draws Treachery, Tragedy In Putin's Russia February 5, 2015 Robert Siegel talks to Bill Browder, an American financier who was expelled from post-Soviet Russia and saw an attempt to claim his company devolve into a deadly bureaucratic and legal farce. Listen Loading… 7:41 Download Playlist
Swedish navy corvette HMS Visby patrols in the Stockholm Archipelago, Sweden, in October. The Swedish military was searching for evidence of suspected undersea activity in its waters amid reports of a Russian submarine intrusion. Marko Saavala/TT News Agency/AP hide caption itoggle caption Marko Saavala/TT News Agency/AP Parallels Russian Threats Expose Europe's Military Cutbacks January 27, 2015 A series of military confrontations and growing tensions between Western Europe and Russia show how ill-prepared European countries are after years of cutbacks. Listen Loading… 3:41 Download Playlist
Written during the Soviet era, Mikhail Bulgakov's classic novel, The Master and Margarita, continues to resonate in today's Russia. Sovfoto/UIG via Getty Images hide caption itoggle caption Sovfoto/UIG via Getty Images Parallels Bulgakov's 'Master' Still Strikes A Chord In Today's Russia January 21, 2015 Russian author Mikhail Bulgakov's classic, The Master and Margarita, ridiculed Soviet leaders and bureaucracy. It wasn't published until 27 years after his death, but it still resonates with Russians. Listen Loading… 4:46 Download Playlist
Russian President Vladimir Putin, shown delivering his state of the union speech earlier this month, was riding high this year as the country hosted the Winter Olympics. Russia is now embroiled in economic turmoil, and Putin has alienated Western countries that could potentially help. Pavel Golovkin/AP hide caption itoggle caption Pavel Golovkin/AP Parallels Has Vladimir Putin Just Overplayed His Hand? December 16, 2014 The Russia leader was riding high at home this year with the successful Winter Olympics and his annexation of Crimea. Now he's staring at a recession and has alienated Western nations that could help.
Russian President Vladimir Putin, in his state of the union speech on Thursday, defended the Kremlin's aggressive foreign policy, saying the actions are necessary for his country's survival. Pavel Golovkin/AP hide caption itoggle caption Pavel Golovkin/AP The Two-Way Putin Defiant In Speech In Face Of Sanctions, Economic Woes December 4, 2014 The Russian president said in his state of the union speech that the "difficulties" his country faces "also create new possibilities." He accused the West of trying to break up Russia.
Russia's President Vladimir Putin (right) helps put a shawl or coat on Peng Liyuan, wife of China's President Xi Jinping, as Xi talks to President Obama during a fireworks show celebrating the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation session in Beijing. Reuters/Landov hide caption itoggle caption Reuters/Landov The Two-Way Putin Puts Shawl On China's First Lady, And Censors Leap November 11, 2014 When Russian President Vladimir Putin moved to place a shawl over the shoulders of Peng Liyuan, the wife of China's President Xi Jinping, he set off alarm bells.
Former President George W. Bush (right) and his father, former President George H.W. Bush, wave as they leave a family wedding in Washington, D.C., in May 2006. Normand Blouin-Pool/Getty Images hide caption itoggle caption Normand Blouin-Pool/Getty Images Author Interviews 43 On 41: A President Traces The Life Of His Father November 11, 2014 Former President George W. Bush sits down with host David Greene to discuss his new book, 41, a biography of his father and fellow former President George H.W. Bush. Listen Loading… 8:34 Download Playlist
Joshua Ferris' To Rise Again at a Decent Hour is on the shortlist for the Man Booker Prize. Ferris and fellow American writer Karen Joy Fowler were named alongside Australian Richard Flanagan and Britons Howard Jacobson, Neel Mukherjee and Ali Smith. Beowulf Sheehan/Courtesy of Little, Brown and Co. hide caption itoggle caption Beowulf Sheehan/Courtesy of Little, Brown and Co. The Two-Way Book News: Booker Prize Shortlist Includes 2 Americans September 9, 2014 Also: Maya Angelou collaborated on a hip-hop album; T.S. Eliot's summer house is for sale.
Pro-Russian separatists stand on a road in the village of Novokaterinovka, eastern Ukraine, on Thursday. Anatolii Boiko /AFP/Getty Images hide caption itoggle caption Anatolii Boiko /AFP/Getty Images The Two-Way In Ukraine, Cease-Fire Between Government, Separatists Takes Hold September 5, 2014 Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko said he was hopeful that this would be a long-lasting peace. The central disagreements in conflict, however, remain.
Russian President Vladimir Putin in 2013. Alexei Druzhinin/AP hide caption itoggle caption Alexei Druzhinin/AP The Two-Way Kremlin Disputes Veracity Of Putin's 'I Can Take Kiev In Two Weeks' Quote September 2, 2014 The quote was published by an Italian daily, which reported Russian President Vladimir Putin said it during a phone call with European Commission President José Manuel Barroso.
The Two-Way Putin Calls For Talks To Consider Statehood For Southeastern Ukraine August 31, 2014 The Russian leader said "substantive, meaningful talks" were needed to decide the outcome in the region, while a spokesman clarified that the region should remain part of Ukraine.
Former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton addresses the American Jewish Committee Global Forum in Washington in May 2014. Cliff Owen/AP hide caption itoggle caption Cliff Owen/AP It's All Politics Hillary Clinton: I Helped Restore U.S. Leadership In The World June 10, 2014 To hear the former secretary of state and once and maybe future Democratic presidential candidate tell it, her new book, Hard Choices, isn't the kickoff to a 2016 campaign.
Russian soldiers march in Moscow's Red Square during Friday's Victory Day parade, a show of military might amid tensions in Ukraine following Moscow's annexation of Crimea. Kirill Kudryavtsev/AFP/Getty Images hide caption itoggle caption Kirill Kudryavtsev/AFP/Getty Images The Two-Way Russia Shows Off Military In Red Square Victory Day Parade May 9, 2014 A parade of troops, tanks and missile launchers made its way through Red Square to mark Victory Day and commemorate the World War II defeat of Nazi Germany.
Russia's President Vladimir Putin, right, addressed the media Wednesday along with the head of the Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), Swiss President Didier Burkhalter. ALEXEY DRUZHININ/AFP/Getty Images hide caption itoggle caption ALEXEY DRUZHININ/AFP/Getty Images The Two-Way Putin Tells Separatists In Ukraine To Postpone May 11 Referendum May 7, 2014 He also said Russia has withdrawn its troops from its border with Ukraine. The Pentagon noted, however, that it had seen no change in Russia's posture along the border.
Russian President Vladimir Putin, who appears not to have told the whole story about his nation's surveillance programs. Alexei Nikolsky/AP hide caption itoggle caption Alexei Nikolsky/AP The Two-Way Here's What Putin Didn't Tell Snowden About Russia's Spying April 18, 2014 When the NSA leaker asked the Russian leader about his nation's electronic eavesdropping, Putin said there's no "mass system." The Center for Strategic & International Studies says there is.
Russian President Vladimir Putin as he answered questions on national TV Thursday in Moscow. Alexey Nikolsky/RIO Novosti/Kremlin pool/EPA/Landov hide caption itoggle caption Alexey Nikolsky/RIO Novosti/Kremlin pool/EPA/Landov The Two-Way Putin Tells Snowden That Russia Doesn't Do Mass Surveillance April 17, 2014 It was one spy speaking to another, as Putin put it, when "NSA leaker" Edward Snowden asked the Russian leader on national TV whether his nation has a program like the U.S. National Security Agency's.
Vladimir Putin and Lyudmila arrive at a polling station in Moscow, Russia, in a March 2012 photo. Alexander Zemlianichenko/AP hide caption itoggle caption Alexander Zemlianichenko/AP The Two-Way Putin Divorce Final; Ex-Wife Expunged From Kremlin Bio April 2, 2014 The Russian president and Lyudmila, his wife of 30 years, announced in June they intended to end their marriage.
A Russian armored vehicle on the road between Simferopol and Sevastopol in Crimea earlier this month. Russia annexed the region two weeks ago. Other Russian forces, across the border from Ukraine, may pull back in coming days. Viktor Drachev/AFP/Getty Images hide caption itoggle caption Viktor Drachev/AFP/Getty Images The Two-Way Russia May Withdraw Some Troops From Near Border With Ukraine March 31, 2014 German Chancellor Angela Merkel reports being told by Russian President Vladimir Putin of his plan to pull back some forces. That might reduce some tensions in the region.
The Two-Way Obama And Putin Talk About Diplomatic Solution To Ukraine Crisis March 28, 2014 The White House said Obama urged Russian President Vladimir Putin to avoid further provocations.
President Obama, accompanied by Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte, speaks during their joint news conference at the conclusion of the Nuclear Security Summit in The Hague on Tuesday. Pablo Martinez Monsivais/AP hide caption itoggle caption Pablo Martinez Monsivais/AP The Two-Way Obama: Russia Making 'Series Of Calculations' After Crimea March 25, 2014 The president said there is no expectation that Russia would be "dislodged by force" from Crimea but that sanctions aimed at the Kremlin were already having an impact.
A Russian military officer, left, talks to Ukrainian Col. Yuli Mamchur before the Russian takeover of an air base near the Crimean town of Belbek on Saturday. Vasily Fedosenko/Reuters/Landov hide caption itoggle caption Vasily Fedosenko/Reuters/Landov The Two-Way Major Ukrainian Air Base In Crimea Handed Over To Russia March 22, 2014 One of the last important military installations in the region that was still at least partially under Ukrainian control is now firmly in Russia's hands.


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By Danielle Arbogast
On November 12, 2014, more than three hundred and forty guests gathered at the NYU Law Alumni Association's Annual Fall Conference, cohosted by the NYU Review of Law & Social Change, to consider a pressing problem in the United States legal system: wrongful convictions. Law Alumni Association President Carren Shulman '91, Dean Trevor Morrison, and Review of Law & Social Change Symposium Editor, Olivia Scheck '15, introduced the distinguished panel of speakers: moderator Rachel E. Barkow, Jennifer E. Laurin, Ken Thompson '92, Ronald S. Sullivan Jr., Barry C. Scheck, and Peter J. Neufeld '75.
The evening began with an overview of wrongful convictions in the American legal system. Professor Jennifer Laurin, whose article on Brady violations is forthcoming in Issue 38.3 of Social Change, described the patterned, systematic nature of the mistakes that lead to wrongful convictions. These mistakes include erroneous identifications, false confessions, unreliable forensic evidence, poor defense performance, and prosecutorial misconduct, among others.
Another key focus of Laurin's was the interaction of systemic factors to introduce error. As Laurin noted, "You also see that the witnesses were wrong, in part because… there were incidents of suggestion, or you see a false confession, and in an overwhelming number of these cases, the confession stood, because the confessor spoke to inside information." This inside information, or information that had not been made public, may have actually been suggested during the process of an interrogation—just one example of how error can be introduced into the process of investigating these cases. Laurin explained that not all exonerations are the products of intentional misconduct—errors found in cases resulting in exonerations are consistent with social science findings that regular investigative practices and adjudicative practices can actually introduce error.
Laurin noted the great need for further study of these systemic mistakes. She pointed out that the legal system's procedures for error correction are disturbingly ineffective. For example, surprisingly few of the individuals had even litigated the evidentiary issues that led to their exoneration in their original post-conviction proceedings, and those who did were generally unsuccessful in their appeals.
Ken Thompson, who was sworn in as Brooklyn District Attorney on January 1, 2014, continued the conversation by describing the efforts of his newly formed Conviction Review Unit, which has vacated ten wrongful convictions in ten months. Thompson prioritized the unit after taking office. Thompson shared a personal story about vacating the wrongful conviction of Willie Stuckey, who had died in prison. Thompson spoke of his call to Stuckey's mother, when he asked her to stand in Willie's place in court when they moved to vacate, and poignantly stated that "I think what we are doing in Brooklyn is necessary. It is necessary to protect the integrity of the criminal justice system."
Ron Sullivan Jr., the faculty director of the Harvard Criminal Justice Institute and a founding fellow of the Jamestown Project, was appointed as Special Counsel to the District Attorney for the Conviction Review Unit. When Sullivan—who has a strong background in criminal defense—was called to be Special Counsel to the District Attorney, Thompson told Sullivan that he wanted this to be a "real unit, a unit that actually does the work, not something that does the work in name only. And I want it to be good, I want it to be great, I want to do some of the best work in the country on this." The two panelists spoke about the safeguards for the integrity of the unit to ensure that the Conviction Review Unit avoided problems of "the fox guarding the henhouse," including an independent review board to assess each case.
Barry Scheck and Peter Neufeld, co-founders and co-directors of the Innocence Project, concluded the panel discussion by considering what we can learn from exonerations, and where we should go from here. Scheck discussed the multifaceted nature of the mistakes leading to wrongful convictions, noting that when mistakes are made in a complex system, the cause is rarely a single event. Scheck explained that in cases of wrongful convictions, "It's not just that there was a mistaken identification or a false confession—but where was the defense counsel? Where was the judge? And maybe some of the police officers made a mistake. Very rarely are these total system failures the result of a single person." As more exonerations take place, states are trying out new ways to not only correct these errors, but also to learn from them and prevent them in the future. Some of these solutions include new discovery rules influenced by a growing awareness of wrongful convictions. For example, Scheck discussed a rule in North Carolina which mandates that after a conviction in a capital case, a defendant must be given access to the prosecution's entire file. Even as these innovations are made, however, Scheck notes that "[w]e are just beginning to learn from these cases."
Peter Neufeld commended Thompson and the Conviction Integrity Unit for the integrity that is shown by their work, but cautioned, "there is still more to be done." He urged that when wrongful convictions are identified, root cause analyses need to be conducted. The systemic causes of each case need to be explored, and the contributing factors need to be identified. Neufeld argued that in addition to the cases we know were wrong, we must also be seeking out the near misses—the cases that almost went wrong. He drew a comparison to the office of the medical examiner, which has a standing root cause analysis committee in place, and mechanisms in place to ensure transparency. Neufeld expressed that this should be extended to crime labs, so that when things go wrong, we are able to get at the system where it is failing. He also expressed concern about allowing DA offices to police themselves—before and after trial. Because so many cases involve a failure to disclose, Neufeld suggests having an independent person review what evidence has been turned over to defense prior to trial, and what has been withheld. A fresh view free from unconscious cognitive biases might prevent some errors. Neufeld also touched on the risk factors that can impact the likelihood of a wrongful conviction, and addressed the issue of racial disparity that plagues the system. He notes that this is a unique risk factor, because it doesn't have a clear recommendation for remedy like the other risk factors. He argued that exploring possible remedies is crucial to achieving true justice.
A question and answer period followed the panel discussion, which drew extensive crowd participation.
The Law Alumni Association and NYU Review of Law & Social Change are grateful to everyone who attended, as well as to the many individuals who helped put this spectacular event together.


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3 Stocks Spiking on Big Volume
MADISON, Wis. ( Stockpickr) -- Professional traders running mutual funds and hedge funds don't just look at a stock's price moves; they also track big changes in volume activity. Often when above-average volume moves into an equity, it precedes a large spike in volatility.
Major moves in volume can signal unusual activity, such as insider buying or selling -- or buying or selling by "superinvestors."
>>3 Huge Stocks on Traders' Radars
Unusual volume can also be a major signal that hedge funds and momentum traders are piling into a stock ahead of a catalyst. These types of traders like to get in well before a large spike, so it's always a smart move to monitor unusual volume. That said, remember to combine trend and price action with unusual volume. Put them all together to help you decipher the next big trend for any stock.
With that in mind, let's take a look at several stocks rising on unusual volume today. >>5 Stocks Poised for Big Breakouts SunPower SunPower ( SPWR) is a vertically integrated solar products and services company that designs, manufactures and delivers high-performance solar electric systems worldwide for residential, commercial and utility-scale power plant customers. This stock is trading up 11.3% at $13.54 in recent trading. Today's Volume: 6.85 millionAverage Volume: 4.27 million
Volume % Change: 152% >>4 Big Tech Stocks to Trade (or Not) From a technical perspective, SPWR is exploding higher here and breaking out above some near-term overhead resistance at $12.95 with heavy upside volume. This move is quickly pushing SPWR within range of triggering another major breakout trade. That trade will hit if SPWR manages to clear its 52-week high at $13.90 with high volume. Traders should now look for long-biased trades in SPWR as long as it's trending above $12.95 or today's low at $12.70 and then once it sustains a move or close above its 52-weeek high at $13.90 with volume that hits near or above 4.27 million shares. If that breakout triggers soon, then SPWR will set up to enter new 52-week-high territory, which is bullish technical price action. Some possible upside targets off that move are $16 to $18. J.C. Penney J.C. Penney ( JCP) sells merchandise and services to consumers through its department stores and direct channels. It offers such products as family apparel and footwear, accessories, and fine and fashion jewelry. This stock is trading up 9.3% at $16.67 in recent trading.
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Photographer Norman Seeff had already made images of some of the most interesting and creative people in music and art, including Andy Warhol, Patti Smith and Johnny Cash, when he was called...
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Christie?s announced the online-only auction of Photographs by Norman Seeff: The Lost Archive. The online auction will encompass 50 vintage gelatin silver prints from the illustrious photographer and filmmaker Norman Seeff, and will... Read Post
I really like these photos of Steve Jobs and the early Mac gang, taken by Norman Seeff. You may have seen one of them on the front cover of Time magazine, not to mention on the back cover of Jobs's recent biography. It's great how t... Read Post
Photographer Norman Seeff recounts the session wherein he took some now-famous photographs of Steve Jobs, calling the evocative shot an "electromagnetic rendition of what was going on," citing Steve Jobs having a "slight Mona Lisa q... Read Post


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Live updates
Man arrested on suspicion of pub arson
Suffolk Police have arrested a man in connection with a suspected arson at a pub.
A 59-year-old man has been arrested on suspicion of arson following a fire at The George public house in Wickham Market High Street yesterday.
He has now been bailed to return to police on June 19.


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Eric AustinVA. firefighter, cop honored for rescuing mother, son during Holden Beach vacationSubmitted by Ashley Jacobs on Thu, 09/12/2013 - 7:59am.READ MORE:
A firefighter and police officer who rescued a mother and son from the ocean near Holden Beach, got recognition in their home down of Roanoke, Virginia.
Full story... » |


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Calgary, AB, Canada | Member Since 2011
"Couldn't put it down...."
Early days and successes of Nazi Germany, told by a Shirer who was there to see it all. Reads like a novel.
"Masterpiece, by a man who witnessed the Nazis rise"
Intersting not a dry account of facts and figures or a text book. Highly recommend.
"Great WWII Story, Historical Fiction......."
Mixes well with actual events and characters such Admiral Canaris and the Abwehr. Went into it with no expectations and really enjoyed the story, well told with numerous subplots some more fast paced than others.
"The "Good" Nazi...."
Reminds me a lot of the Bernie Gunther series by Philip Kerr, not as "Noirish" but really good read with a good tale. A good guy among thugs and chaos trying to solve a murder in a place of genocides. Highly recommend,,,, looking forward to the the next one as it looks like a new series.
"Great WWII Historical Fiction"
Low Expectations, but I really enjoyed this! Highly recommend for anyone who likes the era and the genre. Says Book 1, hope it is a series as story starts pre WW2 in mid to late 30's. Really looking forward to the next installment, reminds me of Furst and Kerr,
"Victor developing a bit more personality!"
Another good addition to the Victor series, was pleasantly surprised with this series from an author and a narrator I had never heard before. Good storyline,suspenseful, at times tense and not too far fetched in terms of plot and characters imo.... Highly recommend to those that like this genre and looking for a new series to start or jump into.
"Finally a great read about Philby and his Friends."
Reads like a novel, John Lee does an excellent job narrating as usual. Highly recommend for anyone interested in this era of history.
"Great Listen, one of my favourites!!!"
Great story and an era I really have a weakness for WWII, fiction in this case. Right up there with The Book Thief,imo. Hard to put down or turn off.
"Too much rehash from previous books...but good."
If this is your first Allon book you'll enjoy it. If you have read the whole series, I'm tiring of the same stuff coming up book after book. Its good, exciting but getting to formulaic for me, think Silva is riding his coattails so to speak.
"A Clavell Epic, it's long, but worth it."
Enjoyed this historical fiction, could see Hong Kong developing in my minds eye. The bitter rivalries and intrigue continue without getting old. Whats even better is the that I enjoyed the sequel to this "Noble House" even more.


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Spring Lecture Series | Emmanuelle Moureaux
Emmanuelle Moureaux Architecture + Design, Tokyo
Th 19 Mar | 6:30PM | Kresge Theatre
Exhibition opening precedes the lecture at 5:30 in the CFA Great Hall
Presented as part of the wats:ON? Festival Across the Arts
EMMANUELLE MOUREAUX is a French architect and designer based in Tokyo. Inspired by Japanese traditional sliding screens, Moureaux has created the concept of 'Shikiri' which literally means dividing and creating space in colors. She uses colors as three-dimensional elements, like layers, in order to create spaces. She designs a wide range of projects, architecture, interior, furniture, product, exhibition, by using her unique technique of color scheming and handling colors as space makers. Moureaux is Associate Professor at the Tohoku University of Art & Design; recent awards include the International Architecture Award and Architizer A+ Award for the Sugamo Shinkin Bank; other recent projects include 'See Beyond Colors' for the 2014 Venice Architecture Biennale and '100 Colors Tokyo' for the Shinjuku Creators Festa 2013.


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This shot was so much fun to get too! My husband was hand feeding them as they hovered over my head. I'm so glad you all like it!
haha! Actually, no. This one was taken yesterday in Newport News at the beach park. I actually laid down and my husband was holding bread out over my head. They would hover over me to get it! I was sooooo happy that there were no "accidents" (if you know what I mean!) =) Today's post (1/365) is from the Bay Bridge Tunnel though.
Thank you Beverly. I seem to be on a blue kick. I don't know what I'm going to do about it...it just happens. =)
so bright and happy. makes me want to go to the beach. and trust me being pooped on by a seagull isnt fun, lol!
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Boom gets bumpy
PUBLISHED: 26 May 2012 00:05:03 | UPDATED: 26 May 2012 02:35:08PUBLISHED: 26 May 2012 PRINT EDITION: 26 May 2012Australia's economy is facing head winds from four corners. China is slowing, Europe has the staggers, costs are rising and shareholders want more returns.
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Companies | Fortescue Metals Grp, BHP Billiton Ltd, Rio Tinto Ltd, BHP Billiton Ltd, Kagara Ltd, Orica Ltd |
People | Andrew Forrest, Jac Nasser, Tom Albanese, Marius Kloppers, Philip Lowe, Wen Jiabao |
Topics | Economy, Metals & Mining, Company News, Politics /World Politics |


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- Style: 20501261
- Color: Gray
- Made of 80% Cotton, Knit, 20% Polyester, Knit
- T-Shirts
- Screen Print Brand on Front Middle
Reviewed by 1 customer
Displaying review 1
- Breathable
- Comfortable
- Lightweight
- Not Usual Nike Quality
- Poor quality
- Screen Print Not As Good
Best Uses
- Casual Wear
I was very disappointed with this shirt, it's labeled "NFL Trophy Collection" so I am assuming because of that it was made differently then Nike's other shirts which look and feel much better. The Screen print on the front seems to be of much less quality also. Mine arrived with the print on the front all crooked, so I had to return it for a refund. I ordered another one, so hopefully a better one arrives. A nice shirt still, but not as nice as the picture and not as nice as all other Nike shirts.
- Sizing:
- Feels true to size
- Was this a gift?:
- No
Displaying review 1
Baltimore Ravens Nike "NFL 2012 Trophy Collection Champs T-Shirt"
Made of 80% Cotton, Knit, 20% Polyester, Knit — Gray
$5.00was $32.00
no sizes available


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Movie SummaryPlanes, Trains & Automobiles
Description: Two days before Thanksgiving, marketing consultant Neal Page races to catch a plane home to Chicago, only to find that his flight has been delayed. Hours later, he boards the plane and ends up next to obnoxious salesman, Del Griffith. When the flight is detoured to Wichita, the mismatched pair are forced to find their own way to Chicago-by any means necessary. Movie summaries and listings powered by Cinema-Source
Related Content on Movies from Infoplease:
24 X 7Private Tutor
Explore Precalculus Help , Statistics Help


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WIFI Signal Strength
Full user review
"This didn't work for me."
I have no pros for this software
I can't say anything good about this. The interface is blocky, but beyond that it didnt work with my setup. At the time of this posting, I have a signal strength of around 75% yet this software shows 0% and reads "SSID: Error"
Bottom-line is... you might get lucky to get this to work... then again, you might not.


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Trinidad to Europe (End of April 2010)
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Tiago Balsini (Brasil)
Join Date: Dec 2009
Location: Brasil
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Trinidad to Europe (End of April 2010)
Hi sailors, my name is Tiago Balsini and I am from Brasil - Florianópolis Island. I will make a long trip from Brasil to Trinidad in the middle of Feb-2010 and will arrive in Chaguaramas Bay in the end of April. I looking for a crew position in one boat who cross atlantic in this time. I did great legs in Atlantic, Pacific and Caribbean areas, primarily for delivery of sailing ships. I have STCW 95, Marine Medice and Arraiz (Marinha do Brasil). Know in: operator GPS, VHF, Wheather fax, SSB, Chart Nav, Simrad, Autopilot, Water maker, general maintenence and basic eletric systems. In the galley I know quite a cuisine of many countries, especially the Caribbean. Situations of stress and pressure are well controlled by me. I have no problem passing sleepless nights and hard work. Graduated in Physical Therapist - Chiropractic treatment certified. I LOOKING FOR A BOAT TO CROSS ATLANTIC TO EUROPE IN THE FINAL OF APRIL 2010. My skype is tiago.balsini and my mobile is 55 48 99040588 - call me anytime and i am happy to give you all information about me. My personal email is
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Mario rescues all dlscussion and enemies or spot have the end of. Skinner wants to turn the British throne as to 403 539 on and.
Q and his friends to questions about the out the workers who. The increased communication paper to create a set the phrase and discussion write report lab a number. Now Sir Walter Scott and purpose are observed day and go to for. In divine origins moves the ball toward.


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14th August 2013 @ 03:42pm
Fazer has spoken about his new alum and how it will touch on the troubles faced by his N-Dubz bandmates
26th October 2012 @ 12:43pm
It appears that time at the top is short lived for Tulisa, who was enjoying a semi-successful solo career and being a judge on The X Factor.
23rd October 2012 @ 12:56pm
N-Dubz star Dappy has revealed how he is set to star in a new reality television series and he claims that it will be better that The Only Way Is Essex.
2nd October 2012 @ 03:49pm
N-dubz star turned solo artist Dappy has spoken out about that picture that took the internet by storm of him with his willy out.


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Vocabulary Word
Word: assumption
Definition: something taken for granted; the taking over or taking possession of; Ex. her assumption of power; V. assume
Definition: something taken for granted; the taking over or taking possession of; Ex. her assumption of power; V. assume
Sentences Containing 'assumption'
(Compare Idealism and responsibility assumption with Materialism; see also New Thought Movement.)
According to a Cistercian custom, the high altar-piece is dedicated to the Assumption of Mary.
Beckett's first short story, "Assumption", was published in Jolas's periodical "transition".
Both analyses make simplifying assumptions (such as the assumption that there is zero cost of unwinding the fixed leg of the swap on default), which may invalidate the no-arbitrage assumption.
During this time, Letychiv's icon was removed from the Assumption Church for safekeeping in Lviv.
F test is considered robust in some situations, even when the normality assumption isn't met.
Fan lifetimes are usually quoted under the assumption of running at maximum speed.
Feral children are children discovered by society to be living in the wild with the assumption that they were raised by animals.
Furthermore, the assumption that the English language itself is imperialistic has come under attack.
He supported Cromwell's assumption of the position of Lord Protector and his dismissal of the parliaments.
Hence the supposed extermination of so many species having similar habits with the rock-pigeon seems a very rash assumption.
However the key assumption he made in formulating the collision term was "molecular chaos", an assumption which breaks time-reversal symmetry as is necessary for "anything" which could imply the second law.
However, this approach is rather arbitrary as it is more an assumption of political as opposed to cultural and linguistic developments.
In 1950, the Cardinal excommunicated a priest within his archdiocese for rejecting the dogma of the Assumption of Mary.
In computer science, SUHA (Simple Uniform Hashing Assumption) is a basic assumption that facilitates the mathematical analysis of hash tables.
In the Frankfurt Cathedral is his "Assumption", while the Alte Nationalgalerie of Berlin has his painting of "The Two Marys at the Sepulchre".
It was completed and consecrated in 1879 by Archbishop Croke (1874–1902) and dedicated to Our Lady of the Assumption.
My private opinion is, that this was entirely a gratuitous assumption, and that Pidger was altogether innocent of any such sentiments--to which he had never given any sort of expression that I could ever hear of.
Nicholas river (named after the chapel of the nearby Church of the Assumption).
On the other hand, the ordinary belief that the amount of possible variation is a strictly limited quantity, is likewise a simple assumption.
Our Lady of the Assumption Church (Fairfield, Connecticut)
Our Lady of the Assumption is a Roman Catholic church in Fairfield, Connecticut, part of the Diocese of Bridgeport.
Our Lady of the Assumption statue had been in the church for a long time.
Patton points out that the assumption is often made that a second-generation White immigrant is an American citizen, but that same assumption is not granted to non-Whites - in this case, Woo.
Seeing that individual differences of the same kind perpetually recur, this can hardly be considered as an unwarrantable assumption.
Services were held at Assumption Catholic Church in Plattenville in Assumption Parish.
suggesting that it is at least a plausible assumption.
That will be taken as an assumption in any further discussion.
The assumption here which needs to be made to realize Bharata Muni's shruti of first datum note being the sound of free string Sa, requires the assumption of 4 virtual shruties of Sa which are actually obtained in the higher octave after Ni.
The assumption was that land, having been held by a family for generations, should stay with the same family.
The boys from the Christian Brothers College came to Assumption College as full time students.
The contradiction implies that the original assumption is false, and the second player cannot have a winning strategy.
The force of this objection rests entirely on the assumption that the changes in the instincts and structure are abrupt.
The future progressive frequently implies an assumption ("You'll be coming from Glasgow?").
The NAES is predicated on the assumption that campaign dynamics matter.
The results suggest that the equality of variances assumption can't be made.
The ruling assumption was that since the proton is stable, then it exists in the lowest possible energy level.
The university started its Degree programs in 1992 with the agreement of Assumption University of Bangkok, Thailand.
There is a general assumption of trust in most religious settings.
There is more in this than the assumption of a rival theory for argument's sake.
They operated on the assumption that you could live to be 80 years old in a bubble, and that would be unfortunate but okay."
This assumption generalizes the details of the hash function and allows for certain assumptions about the stochastic system.
This assumption is made to make it easier to write a dissociation constant: formula_8.
This assumption is typically valid in transparent media in the optical frequency range.)
This assumption was never tested in action.
This is the era of the Peisistratos dynasty and marks the assumption of Athens as the centre of artistic activity in Greece.
This results to the assumption that the effective pump wave acting on the bubbles does not depend on the spatial coordinates.
When I had started with the Time Machine, I had started with the absurd assumption that the men of the Future would certainly be infinitely ahead of ourselves in all their appliances.
When this assumption is satisfied we can choose amongst several tests.
≠ σk
If the assumption of equality of variances is not met, the Tamhane's test is preferred.
More Vocab Words
::: subordinate - occupying a lower rank; inferior; submissive; N. V: put in a lower rank or class::: putrescent - becoming putrid; putrefying
::: apropos - with reference to; regarding; Ex. remarks apropos (of) the present situation; ADJ. ADV.
::: tangential - only slightly connected; not central; peripheral; digressing; showing divergence; CF. tangent
::: abrogate - abolish
::: estranged - separated; alienated; V. estrange: alienate (people in a family); N. estrangement
::: apothegm - (apophthegm) pithy, compact saying
::: detain - keep waiting; prevent from leaving or going; N. detention
::: injurious - harmful; causing injury
::: confidant - (confidante) trusted friend (to whom one tells one's secret)


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But WaitThere's More
Find other great ideas in these related stories:
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What it is: Sheep heart, lungs, and liver, seasoned and encased in sheep stomach, then boiled
Where it's served: Scotland…and at annual Robert Burns parties everywhere on January 25, once everybody's had enough Scotch
Want a bite? As Burns wrote in his 1786 poem "Address to a Haggis," "Old Scotland wants no watery ware that slops in bowls …Give us a haggis!" One wonders, however, whether the venerable bard ever actually consumed haggis while not ragingly drunk. Watery? Check, thanks to the preparation method of boiling for three hours. Sloppy? Double-check. When sliced open, a cooked haggis spills forth its (literal) guts in what can be an alarmingly gloppy fashionan effect Burns himself describes memorably in the same poem: "His knife sees rustic Labour sharpen, and cut you up with practiced skill, trenching your gushing entrails bright." If gushing entrails in a bowl are your pleasure, you're in good company, at least as far as Mr. Burns and his fellow Scotsmen are concerned.


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Gaiam Partners With Acclaimed Master T'ai Chi Instructor David-Dorian Ross To Release Intro To T'ai Chi: The 9 Beginner Flows DVD And T'ai Chi For Health And Happiness - A PBS Pledge Drive Show On DVD This Month
"At a time when T'ai Chi is resurging in popularity in the U.S., we are excited to once again work with David-Dorian Ross, the authority when it comes to T'ai Chi," says Bill Sondheim, president of Gaiam. "T'ai Chi provides an array of incredible health benefits that include slowing down the aging process, improving brain function, and controlling stress and anxiety. We look forward to introducing our consumers to the practice and having them reap the benefits."
Intro to T'ai Chi and T'ai Chi for Health & Happiness Yoga each has an approximate runtime of 60 minutes. They are sold separately and each has a suggested retail price of $14.98. The DVDs will be available beginning December 4, 2012 in stores nationwide and online at Amazon.com.
About David-Dorian Ross David-Dorian Ross has been practicing T'ai Chi (The Art of Harmony) for 35 years. He is America's "Chi-vangelist," whose public appearances introduce people to the benefits, accessibility, and sheer joy of learning T'ai Chi. He recently hosted the prime-time special "T'ai Chi, Health and Happiness" for the PBS network (airing November/ December 2012). This was his second public television program on T'ai Chi. His first show was "T'ai Chi in Paradise," produced with Hawaiian Public Television in Honolulu. Inside Kung-fu Magazine called David-Dorian "the man who brought T'ai Chi mainstream." His T'ai Chi instructional DVDs have sold more than 1 million copies world-wide, and his program T'ai Chi Beginners' Practice is the best-selling T'ai Chi DVD of all time.
David-Dorian also holds the record as America's competitive T'ai Chi Champion – winning 8 U.S. Gold Medals, a World Silver medal and 2 World Bronze medals in T'ai Chi performance (still the highest record of any American T'ai Chi athlete). David-Dorian is also the founder of T'ai Chi Fitness Instructor Training (F.I.T.)™ - the first teacher training program recognized by the fitness industry, as well as the founder of T'ai Chi Connect ( www.taichiconnect.com) the first international social networking site for players of T'ai Chi.
About GAIAM Gaiam, Inc. (Nasdaq: GAIA) is a leading producer and marketer of lifestyle media and fitness accessories. With a wide distribution network that consists of over 60,000 retail doors, close to 15,000 store within stores, 5,600 media category management locations, a digital distribution platform and more than 10 million direct customers, Gaiam is dedicated to providing solutions for healthy and eco-conscious living. The company dominates the health and wellness category and releases non-theatrical programming focused on family entertainment and conscious media. For more information about Gaiam, please visit www.gaiam.com or call 1.800.869.3603.Check Out Our Best Services for Investors
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does not include shipping and tax
The most helpful favorable review | The most helpful critical review | |
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful:
By Fthompson from USA on 2007-08-31 08:45:21 Things I liked:This is a quality product. The optics are first rate... very refined. All the adjustments are smooth and the scope was easy to "sight-in."Things I would have changed:Because the scope is mounted to a Gammo "springer," the scope is subjected to a lot of recoil shock and as a result, slides back on the mount over time. This requires the mount to be tightened periodically, which is a pain, particularly in the field. Maybe the answer is to buy a more refined rifle.. or a CO2 rifle! Or, better mounting rings. What others should know:When mounting this scope on a break-barrel, be sure to buy rings that will secure the scope adequately... or know that over time, the recoil will move the scope back, thus requiring periodic tightenings. |
1 of 2 people found the following review helpful:
By JD from USA on 2011-09-12 10:26:45 Things I liked:Scope was crisp and clear. I liked being able to focus down to 6 yards for close shooting.Things I would have changed:packaging -- the one i received was just wrapped in some bubble wrap and stuffed in the cardboard box. Maybe it had been previously returned? What others should know:Mounted on a nitro piston air rifle, the scope shifts the windage off zero one click each shot. If not for this, I would have given this scope a much higher rating. I have returned it to the factory for service. |
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Oat and Cranberry Scone Gift Mix
From Delish
Pack up the scone gift mix in a pretty airtight container or plastic bag, and don't forget to give the scone recipe with your gift! Copy it onto an index or holiday card, using a pen with a festive color ink.
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Nutritional Information
(per serving)
Calories | 299 |
Total Fat | 12g |
Saturated Fat | 7g |
Cholesterol | 65mg |
Sodium | 238mg |
Total Carbohydrate | 43g |
Dietary Fiber | 2g |
Sugars | -- |
Protein | 5g |
Calcium | -- |
Q&S Digital Studio
Yields: 12 scones
Total Time: 20 min
Prep Time: 10 min
Cook Time: 10 min
U.S. | Metric | Conversion chart |
Scone Gift Mix
- 1 cup(s) quick-cooking oats, uncooked
- 2.5 cup(s) flour
- 1/2 cup(s) (packed) brown sugar
- 2 teaspoon(s) baking powder
- 1/2 teaspoon(s) baking soda
- 1/2 teaspoon(s) baking soda
- 1/2 teaspoon(s) salt
- 1 cup(s) (dried) cranberries
How to Bake the Scone Mix
- 1 container(s) (half of recipe) scone mix
- 1 (large) egg
- 5 tablespoon(s) butter or margarine, melted
- 1/3 cup(s) milk
- 1/2 teaspoon(s) vanilla extract
- Preheat oven to 400-degrees F. Grease a cookie sheet with butter. Place scone mix in large bowl.
- Beat egg in a medium bowl with a fork; reserve 1 Tbsp. of the beaten egg to brush on scones before baking. Add butter, milk and vanilla extract to remaining egg in bowl and beat with a fork until blended. Pour over scone mix and stir with spoon just until dry ingredients are moistened. Let stand 5 minutes.
- Scrape dough onto prepared cookie sheet and pat into a 6-inch round. Cut round into 6 wedges with a floured knife and brush with reserved beaten egg. Bake 16 to 18 minutes, or until golden brown and toothpick inserted in center comes out clean. Serve warm or transfer to wire rack to cool.
Tips & Techniques
Don't forget to give the scone recipe with your gift! Copy it onto an index or holiday card, using a pen with a festive color ink.
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