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Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Investigation of the Technical and Economic Feasibility of Micro-Grid Based Power Systems
Science Conference Proceedings (OSTI)
The power industry began as micro-grids, small power systems unconnected to a bulk power system. Today, because of the advent of new distributed resource technologies, better control systems, the need for improved distribution system performance, and various constraints associated with continued expansion of the traditional bulk power system, there is new interest in returning to micro-grid approaches for some applications. The new micro-grids of the 21st century can perform much better than the early 20...
Smart Energy Management and Control for Fuel Cell Based Micro-Grid Connected Neighborhoods
DOE Green Energy (OSTI)
Fuel cell power generation promises to be an efficient, pollution-free, reliable power source in both large scale and small scale, remote applications. DOE formed the Solid State Energy Conversion Alliance with the intention of breaking one of the last barriers remaining for cost effective fuel cell power generation. The Alliance�s goal is to produce a core solid-state fuel cell module at a cost of no more than $400 per kilowatt and ready for commercial application by 2010. With their inherently high, 60-70% conversion efficiencies, significantly reduced carbon dioxide emissions, and negligible emissions of other pollutants, fuel cells will be the obvious choice for a broad variety of commercial and residential applications when their cost effectiveness is improved. In a research program funded by the Department of Energy, the research team has been investigating smart fuel cell-operated residential micro-grid communities. This research has focused on using smart control systems in conjunction with fuel cell power plants, with the goal to reduce energy consumption, reduce demand peaks and still meet the energy requirements of any household in a micro-grid community environment. In Phases I and II, a SEMaC was developed and extended to a micro-grid community. In addition, an optimal configuration was determined for a single fuel cell power plant supplying power to a ten-home micro-grid community. In Phase III, the plan is to expand this work to fuel cell based micro-grid connected neighborhoods (mini-grid). The economic implications of hydrogen cogeneration will be investigated. These efforts are consistent with DOE�s mission to decentralize domestic electric power generation and to accelerate the onset of the hydrogen economy. A major challenge facing the routine implementation and use of a fuel cell based mini-grid is the varying electrical demand of the individual micro-grids, and, therefore, analyzing these issues is vital. Efforts are needed to determine the most appropriate means of implementing micro-grids and the costs and processes involved with their extended operation. With the development and availability of fuel cell based stand-alone power plants, an electrical mini-grid, encompassing several connected residential neighborhoods, has become a viable concept. A primary objective of this project is to define the parameters of an economically efficient fuel cell based mini-grid. Since pure hydrogen is not economically available in sufficient quantities at the present time, the use of reforming technology to produce and store excess hydrogen will also be investigated. From a broader perspective, the factors that bear upon the feasibility of fuel cell based micro-grid connected neighborhoods are similar to those pertaining to the electrification of a small town with a localized power generating station containing several conventional generating units. In the conventional case, the town or locality would also be connected to the larger grid system of the utility company. Therefore, in the case of the fuel cell based micro-grid connected neighborhoods, this option should also be available. The objectives of this research project are: To demonstrate that smart energy management of a fuel cell based micro-grid connected neighborhood can be efficient and cost-effective;To define the most economical micro-grid configuration; and, To determine how residential micro-grid connected fuel cell(s) can contribute to America's hydrogen energy future.
Dr. Mohammad S. Alam
Intelligent power management in micro grids with EV penetration
Large deployment of Electric Vehicles (EVs) adds new challenges in the operation of a microgrid. Assuming that a number of EV owners allow their batteries to charge when their cars are parked, this paper proposes an approach that aims to find suitable ... Keywords: Artificial immune system, Decentralized control, Electric vehicles, Microgrid, Multi agent system, Power management
Bhuvaneswari Ramachandran, Sanjeev K. Srivastava, David A. Cartes
Methods of integrating a high penetration photovoltaic power plant into a micro grid.
The island of Lanai is currently one of the highest penetration PV micro grids in the world, with the 1.2 MWAC La Ola Solar Farm operating on a grid with a peak net load of 4.7 MW. This facility interconnects to one of Lanai's three 12.47 kV distribution circuits. An initial interconnection requirements study (IRS) determined that several control and performance features are necessary to ensure safe and reliable operation of the island grid. These include power curtailment, power factor control, over/under voltage and frequency ride through, and power ramp rate limiting. While deemed necessary for stable grid operation, many of these features contradict the current IEEE 1547 interconnection requirements governing distributed generators. These controls have been successfully implemented, tested, and operated since January 2009. Currently, the system is producing power in a curtailed mode according to the requirements of a power purchase agreement (PPA).
Stein, Joshua S.; Johnson, Lars (SunPower Corporation, Richmond, CA); Nelson, Lauren (SunPower Corporation, Richmond, CA); Lenox, Carl (SunPower Corporation, Richmond, CA); Johnson, Robert. (SunPower Corporation, Richmond, CA)
An Architecture of MicroGrid Based on Role on Autonomous Decentralized System
This paper presents a conceptual architecture for Micro Grid. The approach utilizes the strategy of control and coordination from Role Autonomous Decentralized System (RoADS) for autonomous operation of a Micro Grid. This architecture aims to optimize ... Keywords: MicroGrid, Role, Role Autonomous Decentralized System (RoADS), Role Field, Data Field Dual-driven Architecture (RDDA), Coordination, �EMS
Peng Li; Tianhu Ma; Yongdong Tan
Modelling and decentralised runtime control of self-stabilising power micro grids
Electric power production infrastructures around the globe are shifting from centralised, controllable production to decentralised structures based on distributed microgeneration. As the share of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power ...
Arnd Hartmanns; Holger Hermanns
Integration of Distributed Energy The CERTS MicroGrid Concept
E-Print Network (OSTI)
Integration of Distributed Energy Resources The CERTS MicroGrid Concept CALIFORNIA ENERGY Resources The CERTS MicroGrid Concept Prepared for Transmission Reliability Program Office of Power The CERTS MicroGrid Concept ii Table of Contents 1. Introduction...................................................................................................
Integration of Distributed Energy Resources The CERTS MicroGrid Concept CALIFORNIA ENERGY Resources The MicroGrid Concept Appendices Prepared for Transmission Reliability Program Office of Power Program, under Work for Others Contract No. BG 99-39. #12;2 APPENDIX A. MicroGrid Technologies Many small
A Micro-Grid Simulator Tool (SGridSim) using Effective Node-to-Node Complex Impedance (EN2NCI) Models
SciTech Connect
This paper presents a micro-grid simulator tool useful for implementing and testing multi-agent controllers (SGridSim). As a common engineering practice it is important to have a tool that simplifies the modeling of the salient features of a desired system. In electric micro-grids, these salient features are the voltage and power distributions within the micro-grid. Current simplified electric power grid simulator tools such as PowerWorld, PowerSim, Gridlab, etc, model only the power distribution features of a desired micro-grid. Other power grid simulators such as Simulink, Modelica, etc, use detailed modeling to accommodate the voltage distribution features. This paper presents a SGridSim micro-grid simulator tool that simplifies the modeling of both the voltage and power distribution features in a desired micro-grid. The SGridSim tool accomplishes this simplified modeling by using Effective Node-to-Node Complex Impedance (EN2NCI) models of components that typically make-up a micro-grid. The term EN2NCI models means that the impedance based components of a micro-grid are modeled as single impedances tied between their respective voltage nodes on the micro-grid. Hence the benefit of the presented SGridSim tool are 1) simulation of a micro-grid is performed strictly in the complex-domain; 2) faster simulation of a micro-grid by avoiding the simulation of detailed transients. An example micro-grid model was built using the SGridSim tool and tested to simulate both the voltage and power distribution features with a total absolute relative error of less than 6%.
Udhay Ravishankar; Milos manic
Multi agent system based fault location in a smart MicroGrid system.
??The electric power grid is inherently a huge network that has been going through a lot of transformation because of its restructuring and increase in� (more)
Alwala, Seetaram.
Specialized micro grid (IDAPS) for intelligently managing customer-owned DER's
The electrical power system is an enabling infrastructure that supports the operation of other critical infrastructures and thus the economic well being of a nation. It is, therefore, very important to design for resiliency and autonomous reconfigurability ... Keywords: intelligent distributed autonomous power system (IDAPS), intelligent micro grid, web based technology
Jarupula Somlal
Vehicle to Micro-Grid: Leveraging Existing Assets for Reliable Energy Management (Poster)
Fort Carson, a United States Army installation located south of Colorado Springs, Colorado, is seeking to be a net-zero energy facility. As part of this initiative, the base will be constructing a micro-grid that ties to various forms of renewable energy. To reduce petroleum consumption, Fort Carson is considering grid-connected vehicles (GCVs) such as pure electric trucks to replace some of its on-base truck fleet. As the availability and affordability of distributed renewable energy generation options increase, so will the GCV options (currently, three all-electric trucks are available on the GSA schedule). The presence of GCVs on-base opens up the possibility to utilize these vehicles to provide stability to the base micro-grid. This poster summarizes work to estimate the potential impacts of three electric vehicle grid interactions between the electric truck fleet and the Fort Carson micro-grid: 1) full-power charging without management, 2) full-power charging capability controlled by the local grid authority, and 3) full-power charge and discharge capability controlled by the local grid authority. We found that even at relatively small adoption rates, the control of electric vehicle charging at Fort Carson will aid in regulation of variable renewable generation loads and help stabilize the micro-grid.
Simpson, M.; Markel, T.; O'Keefe, M.
An improved control method of power electronic converters in low voltage micro-grid Xiaofeng, Sun ; Qingqiu, Lv ; Yanjun, Tian ; Chen, Zhe
when micro-grid transferring between grid-connected mode and island mode. The paper analysis the micro modes. The new droop control method has been validated through simulations by PSCAD software generation (DG) technology [1-3]. DG units may be located in distribution network or on the local load side
Chen, Zhe
A review of DC micro-grid protection
In this paper, an overview of DC micro-grid is described, which includes the status of DC micro-grid protection and its future development. The paper presents the key techniques of DC micro-grid protection. So far, standards, guidelines and techniques ... Keywords: DC micro-grid, protection, protective devices, structures, technological gaps
Yuhong Xie, Jia Ning, Yanquan Huang, Junbo Jia, Zhihui Jian
Micro-Grids for Colonias (TX)
This report describes the results of the final implementation and testing of a hybrid micro-grid system designed for off-grid applications in underserved Colonias along the Texas/Mexico border. The project is a federally funded follow-on to a project funded by the Texas State Energy Conservation Office in 2007 that developed and demonstrated initial prototype hybrid generation systems consisting of a proprietary energy storage technology, high efficiency charging and inverting systems, photovoltaic cells, a wind turbine, and bio-diesel generators. This combination of technologies provided continuous power to dwellings that are not grid connected, with a significant savings in fuel by allowing power generation at highly efficient operating conditions. The objective of this project was to complete development of the prototype systems and to finalize and engineering design; to install and operate the systems in the intended environment, and to evaluate the technical and economic effectiveness of the systems. The objectives of this project were met. This report documents the final design that was achieved and includes the engineering design documents for the system. The system operated as designed, with the system availability limited by maintenance requirements of the diesel gensets. Overall, the system achieved a 96% availability over the operation of the three deployed systems. Capital costs of the systems were dependent upon both the size of the generation system and the scope of the distribution grid, but, in this instance, the systems averaged $0.72/kWh delivered. This cost would decrease significantly as utilization of the system increased. The system with the highest utilization achieved a capitol cost amortized value of $0.34/kWh produced. The average amortized fuel and maintenance cost was $0.48/kWh which was dependent upon the amount of maintenance required by the diesel generator. Economically, the system is difficult to justify as an alternative to grid power. However, the operational costs are reasonable if grid power is unavailable, e.g. in a remote area or in a disaster recovery situation. In fact, avoided fuel costs for the smaller of the systems in use during this project would have a payback of the capital costs of that system in 2.3 years, far short of the effective system life.
Dean Schneider; Michael Martin; Renee Berry; Charles Moyer
A Holonic Control Architecture for a Heterogeneous Multi-Objective Smart Micro-Grid
A Holonic Control Architecture for a Heterogeneous Multi-Objective Smart Micro-Grid Sylvain Frey--Designing the control infrastructure of future "smart" power grids is a challenging task. Such grids will integrate scales. Smart grids will need to control these in order to attain global objectives at the macro
Diaconescu, Ada
To build on the work of year one by expanding the smart control algorithm developed to a micro-grid of ten houses; to perform a cost analysis; to evaluate alternate energy sources; to study system reliability; to develop the energy management algorithm, and to perform micro-grid software and hardware simulations.
Dr. Mohammad S. Alam (PI/PD)
Developing and Implementing the Foundation for a Renewable Energy-Based "Distribution Generation Micro-grid": A California Energy Commission Public Interest Energy Research Co-Funded Program
The California Energy Commission has been implementing its Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) and Renewable Energy Programs since early 1998. In the last two years, the demand for renewable distributed generation systems has increased rapidly in response to a variety of factors, including: media attention to occasional lack of power supply, highly fluctuating West Coast electric wholesale prices, unprecedented public- and investor-owned utility retail rate increases, occasional rolling blackouts since late 2000, a utility bankruptcy proceeding, and a general level of regulatory uncertainty not experienced for some time now. This paper presents the key aspects and focus of some exciting new energy research, development and demonstration efforts to be conducted over the next three and a half years by Commonwealth Energy Corporation, CH2MHill, Regional Economic Research, Inc. and numerous other energy firms.
Lilly, P.; Sebold, F. D.; Carpenter, M.; Kitto, W.
Localizing Micro-grids Research for the SE Asian Region
NLE Websites -- All DOE Office Websites (Extended Search)
Localizing Micro-grids Research for the SE Asian Region Localizing Micro-grids Research for the SE Asian Region Speaker(s): Cheng-Guan (Michael) Quah Valerie Choy Date: December 3, 2010 - 12:00pm Location: 90-3122 This presentation discusses developments (and test-beds) of micro-grids and distributed generation systems that are on-going in Singapore and poses the question as to whether simpler versions of such systems would be applicable to meet the challenges of rural electrification and energy poverty particularly those of its closest neighbors. Southeast Asia is an ethnically and culturally diverse region comprising more than 10 nations where 160 million people still live without electricity. Off-grid electrification for rural village communities and eco-resorts using DG and micro-grid systems are conceivable but many technical, political, cultural
Vehicle to Micro-Grid: Leveraging Existing Assets for Reliable Energy Management (Poster), NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory)
to Micro-Grid: Leveraging Existing Assets for Reliable Energy Management to Micro-Grid: Leveraging Existing Assets for Reliable Energy Management Mike Simpson, Tony Markel, and Michael O'Keefe National Renewable Energy Laboratory INTRODUCTION OPPORTUNITY National Renewable Energy Laboratory Presented at the 4th International Conference on Integration of Renewable & Distributed Energy Resources, December 6-10 , 2010 * Albuquerque, New Mexico U.S. military bases, such as Fort Carson, are interested in opportunities to lower energy consumption and use renewable resources. l Electricity GCV Micro-Grid The Smith Electric Newton all-electric truck Fort Carson Photovoltaic Installation NREL PIX 17631 NREL PIX # 17394 Natural Gas Renewable Energy Truck Fleet Diesel Generators
The MicroGrid: Using Emulation to Predict Application Performance in Diverse Grid Network Environments
Improvements in networking and middleware technology are enabling large-scale grids that aggregate resources over wide-area networks to support applications at unprecedented levels of scale and performance. Unfortunately, existing middleware and tools can not in general inform a user as to the suitability of a given grid topology for a specific grid application. Instead, users generally develop ad hoc performance models for mapping their applications to resource and network topologies. Because application behavior alone is complex, and resource and network behavior further complicate the picture, users are typically reduced to nearly blind experimentation to discover how to deploy their application in the new grid environment. Only after the fact can a user discovers if the match was a good one. Further, even after finding a desirable configuration, there is no basis on which to determine if a much better configuration exists. We present a richer methodology for evaluating grid software and diverse grid environments based on the MicroGrid grid emulator. With the MicroGrid, users, grid researchers, or grid operators can define and emulate arbitrary collections of resources and networks. This allows study of an existing grid testbed under controlled conditions or even to study the efficacy of higher performance environments than are available today. Further, the MicroGrid supports direct execution of grid applications unchanged. These application can be written with MPI, C, C++, Perl, and/or Python and use the Globus middleware. This enables detailed and accurate study of application behavior.
Huaxia Xia; Holly Dail �; Henri Casanova *�; Andrew Chien
The MicroGrid: Using Online Simulation to Predict Application Performance in Diverse Grid Network Environments
The MicroGrid: Using Online Simulation to Predict Application Performance in Diverse Grid Network- croGrid grid online simulator. With the MicroGrid, users, grid researchers, or grid operators can today. Further, the MicroGrid supports direct execution of grid applications unchanged
Chien, Andrew A.
Online optimization for the smart (micro) grid
Growing environmental awareness and new government directives have set the stage for an increase in the fraction of energy supplied using renewable resources. The fast variation in renewable power, coupled with uncertainty in availability, emphasizes ... Keywords: economic dispatch, intelligent generator scheduling, online convex optimization (OCO), online gradient decent, regret
Balakrishnan Narayanaswamy; Vikas K. Garg; T. S. Jayram
Role of Micro Sources within Micro Grid
Microgrid is a grid which helps to provide the generation in case of Grid failure. Microgrid is a new concept in the arena of green power generation, which is substantially attracting many researchers' interest due to its potential to extend the applications ... Keywords: Microgrid, Modeling, Non conventional Energy Sources, Renewable generation
Sandeep A. Kale; P. P. Jagtap; J. B. Helonde
Demand Forecasting and Smart Devices as Building Blocks of Smart Micro Grids
The Internet of Things aims at creating smart environments. One of those fields of applications are smart micro grids. In those grids the energy producers and consumers become smart in the sense that they can plan and coordinate their actions. For those ... Keywords: smart micro grid, forecasting, smart devices, optimization
Rene Schumann; Dominique Genoud
Effects of a carbon tax on combined heat and power adoption by a microgrid
Application of MicroGrids. Power System Engineering Researchand consumed locally within microgrids (�Grids) that are
Marnay, Chris; Edwards, Jennifer L.; Firestone, Ryan M.; Ghosh, Srijay; Siddidqui, Afzal S.; Stadler, Michael
Micro-Grids for Colonias (OE 14.09) Kick-Off Meeting
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)) Indexed Site
Micro-Grids for Colonias Micro-Grids for Colonias A Technology Development/Transfer Project Presentation to the DOE 2010 Smart Grid Peer Review Dean Schneider, Ph.D., PE Texas Center for Applied Technology Texas Engineering Experiment Station The Texas A&M University System firstname.lastname@example.com The Problem * They call it "Luz Verde" - Colonias: Communities along the US - Mexico border lacking one or more essential services: water, wastewater, or electricity - Usually illegally subdivided - Small to large acreages - Low socioeconomic opportunities The Problem * Texas Model Subdivision Rules are in place to prevent additional Colonia development * Many residents economically cannot meet requirement in the near term A Solution * Install temporary micro-grid systems designed to provide essential levels of
The MicroGrid: a Scientific Tool for Modeling Computational Grids
The complexity and dynamic nature of the Internet (and the emerging Computational Grid) demand that middleware and applications adapt to the changes in configuration and availability of resources. However, to the best of our knowledge there are no simulation tools which support systematic exploration of dynamic Grid software (or Grid resource) behavior. We describe our vision and initial efforts to build tools to meet these needs. Our MicroGrid simulation tools enable Globus applications to be run in arbitrary virtual grid resource environments, enabling broad experimentation. We describe the design of these tools, and their validation on microbench marks, the NAS parallel benchmarks, and an entire Grid application. These validation experiments show that the MicroGrid can match actual experiments within a few percent (2% to 4%).
H. J. Song; X. Liu; D. Jakobsen; R. Bhagwan; X. Zhang; K. Taura; A. Chien
Introduction of the Renewable Micro-Grid Test-Bed Dr. Wenxin Liu
Turbine: PMSM, 3kW, 8.3A Wind Generator: PMSM, 3kW, 8.3A 3 AC/DC Converter & DC/AC Inverter Wind Wind Turbine #1 3kW, 8.3A Wind Turbine #2 3kW Wind Generator #2 3kW RS232 Communication Renewable-bed Wind Turbine Generator Simulators ES Simulator AC Load M/G Set 1 Overview of the Micro-grid Test
Johnson, Eric E.
Effects of a carbon tax on microgrid combined heat and power adoption
Application of MicroGrids� Power System Engineering ResearchLasseter 2002). These microgrids will operate according toauthority. By contrast microgrids will develop in accordance
Siddiqui, Afzal S.; Marnay, Chris; Edwards, Jennifer L.; Firestone, Ryan M.; Ghosh, Srijay; Stadler, Michael
The implications of carbon taxation on microgrid adoption of small-scale on-site power generation using a multi-criteria approach
Application of MicroGrids. � Power System Engineeringtogether with loads in microgrids (�Grids). These clustersand consumed locally within microgrids (�Grids) that are
Siddiqui, Afzal S.; de Almeida, Anibal T.; Marnay, Chris; Rubio, F. Javier
This document is a preprint of the final paper: Shafiee, Qobad; Vasquez, Juan C.; Guerrero, Josep M.; , "Distributed secondary control for islanded MicroGrids -A networked control systems approach," IECON 2012 -38th Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial El
.; , "Distributed secondary control for islanded MicroGrids - A networked control systems approach," IECON 2012 - 38://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6389034&isnumber=6388505 1 Distributed Secondary Control for Islanded MicroGrids A Networked Control presents a novel approach to conceive the secondary control in droop-controlled MicroGrids
Vasquez, Juan Carlos
CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY Electric Power Micro-grids: Opportunities and Challenges
Recommendations for Technologies for Microgrids on the Big Island Prepared for U.S. Department Island microgrids By Sentech, Inc. Bethesda, Maryland And University of Hawaii Hawaii Natural Energy commercial product, process, or service by tradename, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does
Improving Energy Use Forecast for Campus Micro-grids using Indirect Indicators Department of Computer Science
] and electricity forms 38% of total energy usage in the US [2]. Adoption of energy- efficient measures in buildings electricity usage and facility improvements with an eye on reducing their energy footprint and power usage costs. Energy analysis modeling of buildings is either based on steady state or dynamic conditions
Prasanna, Viktor K.
Energy Resources: The CERTS MicroGrid Concept. Berkeley Laband Power Adoption by a Microgrid Chris Marnay, Jennifer L.and Power Adoption by a Microgrid Chris Marnay ? , Jennifer
Resources: The CERTS MicroGrid Concept. � Berkeley Lab1. Energy Characteristics of Microgrid�s Individual MembersEffects of a Carbon Tax on Microgrid Combined Heat and Power
I THIS IS THE AUTHOR'S DRAFT. THE DEFINITIVE VERSION RESTS WITH THE PUBLISHER. 1 Sensitivity Analysis based Sliding Mode Control for
(DFIG). The control objective is to achieve terminal voltage regulation while ensuring maximum power. Dynamic models are considered for the DFIG, converters and internal controllers along induction generator (DFIG), micro- grid, direct power control, robust sliding mode control, voltage
Kavasseri, Rajesh
A power beaming based infrastructure for space power
At present all space mission power requirements are met by integral, on-board, self-contained power systems. To provide needed flexibility for space exploration and colonization, an additional approach to on-board, self-contained power systems is needed. Power beaming, an alternative approach to providing power, has the potential to provide increased mission flexibility while reducing total mass launched into space. Laser-power beaming technology provides a viable power and communication infrastructure that can be developed sequentially as it is applied to power satellite constellations in Earth orbit and to orbital transport vehicles transferring satellites and cargos to geosynchronous orbit and beyond. Coupled with nuclear electric propulsion systems for cargo transport, the technology can be used to provide global power to the Lunar surface and to Mars' surface and moons. The technology can be developed sequentially as advances in power system and propulsion system technology occur. This paper presents stepwise development of an infrastructure based on power beaming that can support the space development and exploration goals of the Space Exploration Initiative. Power scenarios based on commonality of power systems hardware with cargo transport vehicles are described. Advantages of this infrastructure are described. 12 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab.
Bamberger, J.A.
Particle Swarm Optimization Based Reactive Power Optimization
Reactive power plays an important role in supporting the real power transfer by maintaining voltage stability and system reliability. It is a critical element for a transmission operator to ensure the reliability of an electric system while minimizing the cost associated with it. The traditional objectives of reactive power dispatch are focused on the technical side of reactive support such as minimization of transmission losses. Reactive power cost compensation to a generator is based on the incurred cost of its reactive power contribution less the cost of its obligation to support the active power delivery. In this paper an efficient Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based reactive power optimization approach is presented. The optimal reactive power dispatch problem is a nonlinear optimization problem with several constraints. The objective of the proposed PSO is to minimize the total support cost from generators and reactive compensators. It is achieved by maintaining the whole system power loss as minimum...
Sujin, P R; Linda, M Mary
Dynamic Reactive Power Control of Isolated Power Systems
This dissertation presents dynamic reactive power control of isolated power systems. Isolated systems include MicroGrids in islanded mode, shipboard power systems operating offshore, or any other power system operating in islanded mode intentionally or due to a fault. Isolated power systems experience fast transients due to lack of an infinite bus capable of dictating the voltage and frequency reference. This dissertation only focuses on reactive control of islanded MicroGrids and AC/DC shipboard power systems. The problem is tackled using a Model Predictive Control (MPC) method, which uses a simplified model of the system to predict the voltage behavior of the system in future. The MPC method minimizes the voltage deviation of the predicted bus voltage; therefore, it is inherently robust and stable. In other words, this method can easily predict the behavior of the system and take necessary control actions to avoid instability. Further, this method is capable of reaching a smooth voltage profile and rejecting possible disturbances in the system. The studied MicroGrids in this dissertation integrate intermittent distributed energy resources such as wind and solar generators. These non-dispatchable sources add to the uncertainty of the system and make voltage and reactive control more challenging. The model predictive controller uses the capability of these sources and coordinates them dynamically to achieve the voltage goals of the controller. The MPC controller is implemented online in a closed control loop, which means it is self-correcting with the feedback it receives from the system.
Falahi, Milad
Multiple microprocessor based nuclear reactor power monitor
The reactor power monitor is a portable multiple-microprocessor controlled data acquisition device being built for the International Atomic Energy Association. Its function is to measure and record the hourly integrated operating thermal power level of a nuclear reactor for the purpose of detecting unannounced plutonium production. The monitor consists of a /sup 3/He proportional neutron detector, a write-only cassette tape drive and control electronics based on two INTEL 8748 microprocessors. The reactor power monitor operates from house power supplied by the plant operator, but has eight hours of battery backup to cover power interruptions. Both the hourly power levels and any line power interruptions are recorded on tape and in memory. Intermediate dumps from the memory to a data terminal or strip chart recorder can be performed without interrupting data collection.
Lewis, P.S.; Ethridge, C.D.
2004 Power Marketing Plan - Base Resource Overview
Contract Overview Contract Overview 08/16/00 1 of 3 2004 Power Marketing Plan Base Resource Contract Overview The following summarizes the main provisions of the Base Resource Contract: Section 4 (Termination of amendment for right to purchase after 2004): * Terminates the existing contract amendments that provide for a customer's right to purchase power from Western after 2004. Execution of the Base Resource contract sustains a customer's right to purchase after 2004. Section 5 (Effective date and term of contract): Provides for: * Base Resource contracts to be effective upon execution by Western. * Base Resource contracts to remain in effect until December 31, 2024, subject to prior termination. * Service to begin under the Base Resource contract on January 1, 2005. Section 7 (Base Resource estimates and availability forecast):
Control and Protection of Power Electronics Interfaced Distri-buted Generation Systems in a Customer-Driven Microgrid
in a Customer-Driven Microgrid Fang Z. Peng, Yun Wei Li and Leon M. Tolbert Abstract This paper discusses-driven microgrid (CDM). Particularly, the following topics will be addressed: microgrid system configurations); renewable energy source (RES); micro-source; microgrid; customer-driven micro- grid (CDM), power electronics
Tolbert, Leon M.
Statistical GPU power analysis using tree-based methods
Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) have emerged as a promising platform for parallel computation. With a large number of scalar processors and abundant memory bandwidth, GPUs provide substantial computation power. While delivering high computation performance, ... Keywords: GTX 280 GPU, statistical GPU power analysis, parallel computation, scalar processors, memory bandwidth, computation power, power supplies, cooling systems, power consumption requirement, high-level GPU power consumption model, tree-based random Statistical forest methods, GPU runtime power consumption, performance metrics, GPU simulator, CUDA kernels
Jianmin Chen; Bin Li; Ying Zhang; Lu Peng; Jih-kwon Peir
Genetic algorithm based fuzzy logic power system stabilizers in multimachine power system
This paper presents an approach for the design of fuzzy logic power system stabilizers using genetic algorithms. In the proposed fuzzy expert system, speed deviation and its derivative have been selected as fuzzy inputs. In this approach the parameters ... Keywords: dynamic stability, fuzzy logic based power system stabilizer, genetic Algorithms, genetic based power system stabilizer, power system stabilizer
Manisha Dubey; Nikos E. Mastorakis
Plug and Play Distributed Power Systems for Smart-Grid Connected Building |
Emerging Technologies » Plug and Play Distributed Power Systems Emerging Technologies » Plug and Play Distributed Power Systems for Smart-Grid Connected Building Plug and Play Distributed Power Systems for Smart-Grid Connected Building The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is currently conducting research into plug-and-play distributed power systems for smart- grid connected buildings. Project Description This project seeks to advance and demonstrate a plug-and-play building energy micro-grid concept for integrating energy storage, loads, and sources at the building level with the external utility grid. The micro-grid demonstration is expected to include the following: Diesel synchronous generator Energy storage device Otis regenerative elevator system representing building critical loads Smart interface with the utility grid
Communication architecture based power management for battery efficient system design
Communication-based power management (CBPM) is a new battery-driven system-level power management methodology in which the system-level communication architecture regulates the execution of various system components, with the aim of improving battery ... Keywords: battery efficiency, communication architectures, embedded systems, low power design, power management
Kanishka Lahiri; Sujit Dey; Anand Raghunathan
Battery-Aware Power Management Based on Markovian Decision
Battery-Aware Power Management Based on Markovian Decision Processes Battery-Aware Power Management of Southern California Nov. 13, 2002 ICCAD-02 OutlineOutline ! Introduction ! Battery Characteristics, Models and Management Policies ! Modeling a Battery-powered Electronic System ! The Proposed Battery-aware Power
Pedram, Massoud
A 26 GHz Dielectric Based Wakefield Power Extractor
26GHz high power rf source based on the extraction of wakefields from a relativistic electron beam. The extractor is designed to couple out rf power generated from a high charge...
Piezoelectric based high voltage power simulator for implantation
It is based on resonant method that allows the piezoelectric transformer to generate a ... The device is small and with high power density and high efficiency
Battery-Aware Power Management Based on Markovian Decision Processes
Battery-Aware Power Management Based on Markovian Decision Processes Peng Rong Massoud Pedram prong the problem of maximizing the utilization of the battery capacity of the power source for a portable electronic system under a given performance constraint. A new stochastic model of a power-managed battery
1 Battery-Aware Power Management Based on Markovian Decision Processes Peng Rong and Massoud Pedram the problem of maximizing capacity utilization of the battery power source in a portable electronic system under latency and loss rate constraints. First, a detailed stochastic model of a power-managed, battery
Protection and Control for Grid Connected Photovoltaic Power Generation System Based on Instantaneous Power Theory
Reliable protection and reasonable control run an important role in grid connected PV power generation system. The detection and calculation of real and reactive power are the bases of many inverter resident passive and active islanding detection method ... Keywords: Distributed generation, photovoltaic system, grid connected, protection and control, power theory
Fei Wang; Chengcheng Zhang
Assessment of power-frequency based algorithms for fault location in power grids
The increased accuracy of the faults' location is a very actual request of the power grids' operation and management, reason to develop new and as precise as possible techniques for the estimation of the short-circuits' location. The actual fault locating ... Keywords: ATP simulation, fault location, power grids, power-frequency based algorithms
Marcel Istrate
Analysis of silicon carbide based semiconductor power devices and their application in power factor correction
Recent technological advances have allowed silicon (Si) semiconductor technology to approach the theoretical limits of the Si material; however, power device requirements for many applications are at a stage that the present Si-based power devices cannot handle. The requirements include higher blocking voltages, switching frequencies, efficiency, and reliability. Material technologies superior to Si are needed for future power device developments. Silicon Carbide (SiC) based semiconductor devices offer one such alternative. SiC based power devices exhibit superior properties such as very low switching losses, fast switching behavior, improved reliability and high temperature operation capabilities. Power factor correction stage of power supplies is identified as an area where application of these devices would prove advantageous. In this thesis a high performance, high efficiency, SiC based power factor correction stage is discussed. The proposed topology takes advantage of the superior properties of SiC semiconductor based devices and the reduced number of devices that the dual boost power factor correction topology requires to achieve high efficiency, small size and better performance at high temperature. In addition to this analysis of SiC based power devices is carried out to study their characteristics and performance.
Durrani, Yamin Qaisar
Performance Testing of a Flywheel-Based Uninterruptible Power Supply
Performance testing of a fully integrated flywheel-based uninterruptible power supply (UPS) confirmed that the Caterpillar UPS 250 unit offers an innovative power quality solution for a broad range of industrial and commercial applications. It provides stored energy, immediately available, to protect critical loads against temporary power disturbances such as outages, sags, and surges. This report provides complete details of performance testing of the UPS system, including test instrumentation and setup...
Major Environmental Aspects of Gasification-Based Power Generation Technologies
Detailed Evaluation of the Environmental Performance of Gasification-Based Power Systems Detailed Evaluation of the Environmental Performance of Gasification-Based Power Systems DECEMBER 2002 U.S. DOE/NETL 2-1 2. DETAILED EVALUATION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF GASIFICATION-BASED POWER SYTEMS 2.1 Introduction and Summary of Information Presented The single most compelling reason for utilities to consider coal gasification for electric power generation is superior environmental performance. 1 As shown in Figure 2-1, gasification has fundamental environmental advantages over direct coal combustion. Commercial-scale plants for both integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) electric power generation and chemicals applications have already successfully demonstrated these advantages. The superior environmental capabilities of coal gasification apply to all three areas of concern: air emissions,
AlGaN/GaN-based power semiconductor switches
AlGaN/GaN-based high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) have great potential for their use as high efficiency and high speed power semiconductor switches, thanks to their high breakdown electric field, mobility and ...
Lu, Bin, Ph. D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Power Electronics-Based Transmission Controllers Reference Book
EPRI is sponsoring development of a first edition of the EPRI Power Electronics-Based Transmission Controllers Reference Book. The book will provide a broad overview on power electronics-based controllers�with information on historical perspectives, basic design considerations, factory testing, site installations, commissioning, operating performance, operation and maintenance, and future trends. The document will assist users in planning, developing, installing, and utilizing this technology.
Concepts for demonstration of wireless power transfer for Space-Based Solar Power
Space-Based Solar Power(SBSP) is a concept that has considerable potential to provide clean renewable energy. 12 Increased population coupled with reduced natural resources represent a challenge to national and world security. The SBSP concept is to ...
Lyle M. Jenkins
MARKET-BASED ADVANCED MARKET-BASED ADVANCED COAL POWER SYSTEMS FINAL REPORT MAY 1999 DOE/FE-0400 U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fossil Energy Washington, DC 20585 Market-Based Advanced Coal Power Systems 1-1 December 1998 1. INTRODUCTION As deregulation unfolds and privatization of the utility market takes shape, priorities for power plant economics have shifted toward those of a "bottom-line" business and away from a regulated industry. Competition in utility generation and the exposure risks of large capital investments have led to a preference to minimize capital costs and fixed and variable operation and maintenance costs. With global competition from independent power producers (IPPs), non- utility generators, and utilities, the present trend of investments is with conventional pulverized
Power Conservation Strategies for MEMS-based Storage Devices
Power dissipation in mobile computers is crucial and researchers have expended significant effort to improve power management for the hard drive, which accounts for a large percentage of the power consumed by the system. A new class of secondary storage devices based on microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) promises to consume an order of magnitude less power with 10--20 times shorter latency and 10 times greater storage densities. Though MEMS storage devices promise to provide a more energy-efficient storage solution for mobile computing applications, little research has been conducted on how to manage the power consumption of these devices. In this paper we examine the power model of a MEMSbased storage device and perform a quantitative analysis of the power distribution among different working modes. Based on our analysis, we present three strategies to reduce power consumption: aggressive spin-down, merging of sequential requests, and subsector accesses. We show that immediate spin-down can save 50% of the total energy consumed by the device at the cost of increased response time. Merging of sequential requests can save up to 18% of the servicing energy and reduce response time by about 20%. Transferring less data for small requests such as those for metadata can save 40% of the servicing energy. Finally, we show that by applying all three power management strategies simultaneously the total power consumption of MEMS-based storage devices can be reduced by about 54% with no impact on I/O performance. This research is supported by the National Science Foundation under grant number CCR-073509 and the Institute for Scientific Computation Research at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under grant number SC-20010378.
Ying Lin; Scott A. Brandt; Darrell D. E. Long; Ethan L. Miller
Detailed Detailed Evaluation of the Environmental Performance of Gasification-Based Power Systems DECEMBER 2002 U.S. DOE/NETL 2-1 2. DETAILED EVALUATION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF GASIFICATION-BASED POWER SYTEMS 2.1 Introduction and Summary of Information Presented The single most compelling reason for utilities to consider coal gasification for electric power generation is superior environmental performance. 1 As shown in Figure 2-1, gasification has fundamental environmental advantages over direct coal combustion. Commercial-scale plants for both integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) electric power generation and chemicals applications have already successfully demonstrated these advantages. The superior environmental capabilities of coal gasification apply to all three areas of concern: air emissions, water discharges, and solid
This paper addresses the problem of maximizing the utilization of the battery capacity of the power source for a portable electronic system under a given performance constraint. A new stochastic model of a power-managed battery-powered electronic system is proposed, which is based on continuous-time Markovian decision processes (CTMDP). In this model, two important characteristics of today's rechargeable battery cells, i.e., the current rate-capacity characteristic and the relaxation-induced recovery are considered for. In addition, system properties, such as workload statistics and performance constraints are properly captured. The battery-aware power management problem is formulated as a policy optimization problem based on the theories of CTMDP and stochastic networks and solved exactly using a linear programming approach. Experimental results shows that our method outperforms existing heuristic methods for battery management by as much as 17% in terms of the average energy delivered per unit weight of battery cells.
Peng Rong; Massoud Pedram
Integration of distributed energy resources. The CERTS Microgrid Concept
Systems-Interconnected MicroGrids - Power Parks 4. M i c r o5. Control Methods for MicroGrids 5.1 Microsource Control6. Protective Relaying and MicroGrids 6.1 Events Occurring
Transistorized power switch and base drive circuit therefore
A high power switching circuit is disclosed which utilizes a four-terminal Darlington transistor block to improve switching speed, particularly in rapid turn-off. Two independent reverse drive currents are utilized during turn-off in order to expel the minority carriers of the Darlington pair at their own charge sweep-out rate. The reverse drive current may be provided by a current transformer, the secondary of which is tapped to the base terminal of the power stage of the Darlington block. In one application, the switching circuit is used in each power switching element in a chopper-inverter drive of an electric vehicle propulsion system.
Lee, F.C.; Carter, R.A.
Base drive circuit for a four-terminal power Darlington
DOE Patents (OSTI)
A high power switching circuit which utilizes a four-terminal Darlington transistor block to improve switching speed, particularly in rapid turn-off. Two independent reverse drive currents are utilized during turn off in order to expel the minority carriers of the Darlington pair at their own charge sweep-out rate. The reverse drive current may be provided by a current transformer, the secondary of which is tapped to the base terminal of the power stage of the Darlington block. In one application, the switching circuit is used in each power switching element in a chopper-inverter drive of an electric vehicle propulsion system.
Lee, Fred C. (Blacksburg, VA); Carter, Roy A. (Salem, VA)
Design of Wind Power Generator's Vane which Based on Computer
In this paper, we have mainly analyzed the relationship between virtual prototype and concurrent design. Then we have concluded the model of virtual prototype and simulation method which based on field object. We also have studied the design of wind ... Keywords: Vanes of wind power generator, Physical Prototype, Digital prototype, Virtual Prototype, Aerodynamics
Rui Chang; Yiming He
Zirconia-based fuel cells for power generation
This paper reviews the design and operation of the high temperature solid oxide fuel cells based on yttria-stabilized zirconia electrolyte. The functional requirements of the various cell components are presented; and the materials and fabrication processes used for different cell components are described. Finally, the recent progress made toward commercialization of these cells for clean and efficient power generation is discussed.
Singhal, S.C.
Repowering flexibility of coal-based advanced power systems
The Department of Energy`s (DOE`s) Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC) helps enhance the economic competitiveness, environmental quality, and national well-being of the U.S. by developing advanced power-generation systems. The potential market for advanced power-generation systems is large. In the U.S., electric demand is estimated to grow at about 1 percent per year through the year 2010. The total power generation market also includes new-capacity as well as replacement of existing power plants as they age. Thus, the market for power systems over the next 15 years is estimated to be about 279,000 megawatts (MW), but could range from as much as 484,000 MW to as little as 153,000 MW. These predictions are summarized. Over the next 15 years, the replacement market is potentially much larger than the expansion market because of the large base of aging power plants in the U.S.
Bajura, R.A.; Bechtel, T.F.; Schmidt, D.K.; Wimer, J.G.
Measurement-based Coherency Identification and Aggregation for Power Systems
In power system model reduction, a high reduction ratio is often desired to handle much more complex power systems. The bottleneck of traditional methods lies in: ? Coherency identification methods are conservative. Some coherency generators are not detected when system topology or operating points change, because coherency identification depends on system topology or operating points. ?There are some solitary generators in external systems. These generators do not belong to any coherency group. However, sometimes these solitary generators have little impact on tie-line power flow, and it might be possible to ignore their dynamics in model reduction. But because they do not belong to any coherency group, existing reduction methods cannot handle them well. In order to overcome the first problem, a measurement-based online coherency identification method is presented in this paper. By analyzing post-fault trajectories measured by Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs), coherency generators are identified through principal component analysis. The method can track time-varying system topology and operating points. In order to address the second problem, this paper introduces sensitivity analysis into traditional reduction methods. The sensitivity of tie-line power flow against injected active power of external system generators is derived. Those generators having loose connection with tie-line power are identified through the sensitivity analysis, and their dynamics are ignored by replacing them with negative impedances. We test if the sensitivity, based on static power flow, provides good guidance to reduce the dynamic model. Case studies show that the proposed method can handle well these solitary generators and the reduction ratio can be enhanced through this method. Future work will include generalization of the sensitivity method.
Wang, Shaobu; Lu, Shuai; Lin, Guang; Zhou, Ning
Econophysical Dynamics of Market-Based Electric Power Distribution Systems
As energy markets begin clearing at sub-hourly rates, their interaction with load control systems becomes a potentially important consideration. A simple model for the control of thermal systems using market-based power distribution strategies is proposed, with particular attention to the behavior and dynamics of electric building loads and distribution-level power markets. Observations of dynamic behavior of simple numerical model are compared to that of an aggregate continuous model. The analytic solution of the continuous model suggests important deficiencies in each. The continuous model provides very valuable insights into how one might design such load control system and design the power markets they interact with. We also highlight important shortcomings of the continuous model which we believe must be addressed using discrete models.
Nicolas Ho; David P. Chassin
A study of power electronic building block (PEBB)-based integrated shipboard power systems during reconfiguration
The U.S. Navy has developed in their ships, and is continually improving, electric propulsion, ship service power, and electric loads. The latest topology under design is the integrated power system (IPS). The IPS entails the all electric ship concept with electric propulsion, direct current (DC) distribution, and modular technology. In the all electric ship concept, ship propulsion and ship service loads are powered by alternating current (AC) generation. For the IPS, power electronics conversion is to be utilized to convert alternating current (AC) generation to direct current (DC) distribution. As state-of-the-art power electronics, the Navy plans to use power electronic building blocks (PEBB) technology in its IPS. A U.S. naval shipboard power system is required to be a highly reconfigurable system to enhance its survivability and reliability. Reconfiguration is a change in the shipboard power system state for various reasons such as new topology, changing missions and emergencies. It was decided to study the behavior of a PEBB-based integrated shipboard power system during reconfiguration. Since no real time operation data was available, the problem was studied through the simulation of reconfiguration scenarios on a scaled-down computer model of an IPS in MATLAB. Reconfiguration scenarios were determined and staged, and an AC/DC power system stability assessment methodology was applied by decoupling the IPS test system around an intrazonal bus. The coupled system of the test IPS, consisted of two dynamic 4160 VAC generators, two rectifiers, two DC-DC converters between the rectifiers' output looped bus and the downstream intrazonal 775V busses, inverters, buck converters, AC loads and DC loads. There was modeling of excitation perturbations which introduced errors in the assessment of the stability requiring an approximation analysis. The study found that the DC bus of interest was stable for all nine reconfiguration scenarios staged, but it found that other busses were not stable for two of the scenarios. The study further found that lower stability margins occurred at lower frequencies of about 1Hz for stable scenarios. It concluded that there were tangible benefits to advancing the shipboard power system architecture to the IPS topology because of the good stability results.
Adediran, Adeoti Taiwo
Low-temperature fuel cell systems for commercial airplane auxiliary power.
This presentation briefly describes the ongoing study of fuel cell systems on-board a commercial airplane. Sandia's current project is focused on Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells applied to specific on-board electrical power needs. They are trying to understand how having a fuel cell on an airplane would affect overall performance. The fuel required to accomplish a mission is used to quantify the performance. Our analysis shows the differences between the base airplane and the airplane with the fuel cell. There are many ways of designing a system, depending on what you do with the waste heat. A system that requires ram air cooling has a large mass penalty due to increased drag. The bottom-line impact can be expressed as additional fuel required to complete the mission. Early results suggest PEM fuel cells can be used on airplanes with manageable performance impact if heat is rejected properly. For PEMs on aircraft, we are continuing to perform: (1) thermodynamic analysis (investigate configurations); (2) integrated electrical design (with dynamic modeling of the micro grid); (3) hardware assessment (performance, weight, and volume); and (4) galley and peaker application.
Curgus, Dita Brigitte; Pratt, Joseph William; Akhil, Abbas Ali; Klebanoff, Leonard E.
High power light emitting diode based setup for photobleaching fluorescent impurities
High power light emitting diode based setup for photobleaching fluorescent impurities Tobias K be photobleached before final sample preparation. The instrument consists of high power light emitting diodes
Kaufman, Laura
NETL F 451.1-1/1 Categorical Exclusion (CX) Designation Form
Lomas, Webb County, Tx Colonias for Microgrids (TX) OE 14.09 Purpose of this project is to fully develop prototype renewable based micro-grid power systems for communities...
Nopalitos, Webb County, Tx Colonias for Microgrids (TX) OE 14.09 Purpose of this project is to fully develop prototype renewable based micro-grid power systems for communities...
Fuel-cell based power generating system having power conditioning apparatus
A power conditioner includes power converters for supplying power to a load, a set of selection switches corresponding to the power converters for selectively connecting the fuel-cell stack to the power converters, and another set of selection switches corresponding to the power converters for selectively connecting the battery to the power converters. The power conveners output combined power that substantially optimally meets a present demand of the load.
Mazumder, Sudip K. (Chicago, IL); Pradhan, Sanjaya K. (Des Plaines, IL)
Power quality disturbances classification based on S-transform and probabilistic neural network
Classifying power quality (PQ) disturbances is one of the most important issues for power quality control. A novel high-performance classification system based on the S-transform and a probabilistic neural network (PNN) is proposed. The original power ... Keywords: Power quality, Power quality disturbances, Probabilistic neural network, S-transform
Nantian Huang; Dianguo Xu; Xiaosheng Liu; Lin Lin
Firm-based Measurements of Market Power in Transmission-Constrained Electricity
Firm-based Measurements of Market Power in Transmission-Constrained Electricity Markets: Technical: Transmission constraints, electricity markets, market power, market power index, residual supply index. 1 approaches to analyzing firm-based market power con- sidering transmission constraints are proposed. One
Baldick, Ross
The Development of low cost LiFePO4-based high power lithium...
Development of low cost LiFePO4-based high power lithium-ion batteries Title The Development of low cost LiFePO4-based high power lithium-ion batteries Publication Type Journal...
Modeling of power electronics for simulation based analysis of power systems
Given the increased penetration of power electronic converters in power systems it is necessary to study their impact in the system operation. In order to achieve that goal the power converters must be appropriately modeled in simulation or analytical ... Keywords: hierarchy, interconnected power systems, power electronics, stability
S. Rosado; R. Burgos; S. Ahmed; F. Wang; D. Boroyevich
Optimal power generation in microgrids using agent-based technology.
??The existing power grids that form the basis of the respective electrical power infrastructures for various states and nations around the world, are expected to� (more)
Mahmoud, Thair
Data bases for rapid response to power reactor problems
The urgency of the TMI-2 incident demanded prompt answers to an imperious situation. In responding to these challenging circumstances, both government and industry recognized deficiencies in both availability of essential retrievable data and calculational capabilities designed to respond immediately to actual abnormal events. Each responded by initiating new programs to provide a remedy for the deficiencies and to generally improve all safety measures in the nuclear power industry. Many data bases and information centers offer generic data and other technology resources which are generally useful in support of nuclear safety programs. A few centers can offer rapid access to calculational methods and associated data and more will make an effort to do so. As a beneficial spin-off from the lessons learned from TMI-2, more technical effort and financial resources will be devoted to the prevention of accidents, and to improvement of safety measures in the immediate future and for long term R and D programs by both government and the nuclear power industry.
Maskewitz, B.F.
Advanced power conversion based on the Aerocapacitor{trademark}
The authors report here, for the first time, high frequency testing of a new type of electrochemical double layer capacitor (EDLC), based on carbon aerogels: the Aerocapacitor. Carbon aerogels, are a novel type of carbon foam developed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for military applications. The unique properties of carbon aerogels, high surface area (700 m{sup 2}/g), high density (1g/cc), well controlled pore diameter and high material conductivity (25 S/cm) made it an ideal EDLC electrode material. Using carbon aerogel as the electrode material, the authors have developed Aerocapacitors. These new EDLC`s have a frequency response comparable to that of aluminum electrolytic capacitors and are thus ideally suited to power conversion applications.
Josephs, L.C.; Gregory, D.; Roark, D. [and others
Control methodologies provide the necessary data acquisition, analysis and corrective actions needed to maintain the state of an electric power system within acceptable operating limits. These methods are primarily software-based algorithms that are nonfunctional unless properly integrated with system data and the appropriate control devices. Components of the control of power systems today include protective relays, supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA), distribution automation (DA), feeder automation, software agents, sensors, control devices and communications. Necessary corrective actions are still accomplished using large electromechanical devices such as vacuum, oil and gas-insulated breakers, capacitor banks, regulators, transformer tap changers, reclosers, generators, and more recently FACTS (flexible AC transmission system) devices. The recent evolution of multi-agent system (MAS) technologies has been reviewed and effort made to integrate MAS into next generation power systems. A MAS can be defined as â�?�?â�?¦a loosely-coupled network of problem solvers that work together to solve problems that are beyond their individual capabilitiesâ�?¦â�?. These problem solvers, often called agents, are autonomous and may be heterogeneous in nature. This project has shown that a MAS has significant advantages over a single, monolithic, centralized problem solver for next generation power systems. Various communication media are being used in the electric power system today, including copper, optical fiber and power line carrier (PLC) as well as wireless technologies. These technologies have enabled the deployment of substation automation (SA) at many facilities. Recently, carrier and wireless technologies have been developed and demonstrated on a pilot basis. Hence, efforts have been made by this project to penetrate these communication technologies as an infrastructure for next generation power systems. This project has thus pursued efforts to use specific MAS methods as well as pertinent communications protocols to imbed and assess such technologies in a real electric power distribution system, specifically the Circuit of the Future (CoF) developed by Southern California Edison (SCE). By modeling the behavior and communication for the components of a MAS, the operation and control of the power distribution circuit have been enhanced. The use of MAS to model and integrate a power distribution circuit offers a significantly different approach to the design of next generation power systems. For example, ways to control a power distribution circuit that includes a micro-grid while considering the impacts of thermal constraints, and integrating voltage control and renewable energy sources on the main power system have been pursued. Both computer simulations and laboratory testbeds have been used to demonstrate such technologies in electric power distribution systems. An economic assessment of MAS in electric power systems was also performed during this project. A report on the economic feasibility of MAS for electric power systems was prepared, and particularly discusses the feasibility of incorporating MAS in transmission and distribution (T&D) systems. Also, the commercial viability of deploying MAS in T&D systems has been assessed by developing an initial case study using utility input to estimate the benefits of deploying MAS. In summary, the MAS approach, which had previously been investigated with good success by APERC for naval shipboard applications, has now been applied with promising results for enhancing an electric power distribution circuit, such as the Circuit of the Future developed by Southern California Edison. The results for next generation power systems include better ability to reconfigure circuits, improve protection and enhance reliability.
Coherent Energy and Environment System Analysis CHP Combined Heat and Power CPP Condensing Power Plant DPL system and the thermal based power systems of Europe through Germany. The Western part of Denmark includes 6500MW of wind power plants (4000MW from distributed onshore wind farms and 2500MW from offshore
Pillai, Jayakrishnan Radhakrishna
DuraCap: a Supercapacitor-Based, Power-Bootstrapping, Maximum Power Point Tracking Energy-Harvesting System
DuraCap: a Supercapacitor-Based, Power-Bootstrapping, Maximum Power Point Tracking Energy that stores harvested energy in supercapacitors and is voltage-compatible with lithium-ion batteries. The use of supercapacitors instead of batter- ies enables DuraCap to extend the operational life time from tens of months
Shinozuka, Masanobu
A peak power tracker for low-power permanent-magnet-synchronous-generator-based wind energy conversion systems
This paper presents the results of experimental investigation of a low-power wind energy conversion system (WECS), based on a permanent-magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) connected directly to the turbine. A test rig was built in order to carry out ... Keywords: hardware-in-the-loop simulation, maximum power point tracking, optimal control, permanent-magnet synchronous generator, wind system
C. Vlad; I. Munteanu; A. I. Bratcu; E. Ceanga
Self-Powered Signal Processing Using Vibration-Based Power Generation
Low power design trends raise the possibility of using ambient energy to power future digital systems. A chip has been designed and tested to demonstrate the feasibility of operating a digital system from power generated by vibrations in its environment. A moving coil electromagnetic transducer was used as a power generator. Calculations show that power on the order of 400 W can be generated. The test chip integrates an ultra-low power controller to regulate the generator voltage using delay feedback techniques, and a low power subband filter DSP load circuit. Tests verify 500 kHz self-powered operation of the subband filter, a level of performance suitable for sensor applications. The entire system, including the DSP load, consumes 18 W of power. The chip is implemented in a standard 0.8 m CMOS process. A single generator excitation produced 23 ms of valid DSP operation at a 500 kHz clock frequency, corresponding to 11 700 cycles.
Rajeevan Amirtharajah; Anantha P. Chandrakasan
Space-based solar power generation using a distributed network of satellites and methods for efficient space power transmission
Space-based solar power (SSP) generation is being touted as a solution to our ever-increasing energy consumption and dependence on fossil fuels. Satellites in Earth's orbit can capture solar energy through photovoltaic ...
McLinko, Ryan M.
PEPON: performance-aware hierarchical power budgeting for NoC based multicores
Targeting NoC based multicores, we propose a two-level power budget distribution mechanism, called PEPON, where the first level distributes the overall power budget of the multicore system among various types of on-chip resources like the cores, caches, ... Keywords: noc-based multicores, performance, power budgeting
Akbar Sharifi; Asit K. Mishra; Shekhar Srikantaiah; Mahmut Kandemir; Chita R. Das
Sleep Control for Base Stations Powered by Heterogeneous Energy Sources
makes it hard to utilize renewable energy efficiently. In literature, some efforts have been made to the power grid, some BSs are purely powered by the renewable energy. BS sleep is introduced not only to save grid power, but also to store renewable energy for future use when the temporal traffic variation does
An intelligent power system stabilizer based hybrid fuzzy learning algorithm
This work aims to develop two adaptive fuzzy control techniques applied on excitation control system for turbo- Alternators, to simulate an Automatic Voltage Regulator and Power Systems Stabilizer (AVR-PSS) in transient stability power system analysis: ... Keywords: ANFIS, AVR - PSS, PID control, fuzzy controller, hybrid learning algorithm, power system stability and robustness, turbo-alternators and excitation
Abdellatif Naceri; Ahmed Massoum; Mohamed Abid
Reducing Electrical Power Use with a Performance Based Incentive
This Departmental Energy Management Program (DEMP) funded Model Program Study developed out of a potential DOE-ID Performance Based Incentive for the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL), lasting from October 2001 through May 2002, which stressed reductions in electrical usage. An analysis of demand usage obtained from monthly INEEL Power Management electric reports revealed reductions in demand from a majority of the site areas. The purpose of this Model Program study was to determine the methods and activities that were used at these site areas to achieve the reductions in demand and to develop these demand reduction methods and activities into a Model Program that could be shared throughout the INEEL and DOE complex-wide for additional demand savings. INEEL Energy Management personnel interviewed contacts from the eight areas which had achieved a consistent reduction in demand during the study period, namely, Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center (INTEC), Test Area North (TAN), Power Burst Facility (PBF), Test Reactor Area (TRA) including Advanced Test Reactor ATR), Engineering Test Reactor (ETR), and Materials Test Reactor (MTR) areas, Central Facilities Area (CFA), Specific Manufacturing Capability (SMC), Radioactive Waste Management Complex (RWMC), and Argonne National Laboratory-West (ANLW). The information that resulted from the interviews indicated that more than direct demand and energy reduction actions were responsible for the recorded reductions in demand. INEEL Energy Management identified five categories of actions or conditions that contributed to the demand reduction. These categories are Decontamination and Decommissioning (D&D), employee actions, improvements, inactivation for maintenance, and processes. The following information details the findings from the study.
M. Kathleen Nell
Development of Ni-Based Single Crystal Superalloys for Power ...
maintenance cost should be kept lower to sustain electricity price at a reasonable level. Another reason is partially due to the location of the power plant since it�...
Packet-Based Power Allocation for Forward Link Data Traffic
the time- averaged utility rate, subject to a constraint onillustrate the achievable utility rate and power allocationthe time-average utility rate (i.e. , total accumulated
Jordan, Scott
Packet-based power allocation for forward link data traffic
and the corresponding utility rate. The results show that itthe time- averaged utility rate, subject to a constraint onillustrate the achievable utility rate and power allocation
Liu, Peijuan; Berry, Randall A.; Honig, Michael L.; Jordan, Scott
A Case Study of Solar Powered� Cellular Base Stations.
?? Green power, environment protection and emission reduction are key factors nowadays in the telecom industry. Balancing of these modes while reducing the capital and� (more)
Energy-based analysis of utility scale hybrid power systems.
??The promise of large-scale use of renewables such as wind and solar for supplying electrical power is tempered by the sources' transient behavior and the� (more)
Agyenim-Boateng, Kwame
TurboCap: A Batteryless, Supercapacitor-based Power Supply for Mini-FDPM
TurboCap: A Batteryless, Supercapacitor-based Power Supply for Mini-FDPM Chulsung Park1 , KeunsikCap, a batteryless, supercapacitor-based power supply subsystem for a handheld, laser-based breast cancer detector on the selection of supercapacitor topology for conversion efficiency and for form- factor minimization
Base Resource Forecasts - Power Marketing - Sierra Nevada Region...
Marketing > Base Resource Forecasts Base Resource Forecasts Note: Annual, rolling (monthly for 12 months), base resource forecasts are posted when they become available. Annual...
Abstract--The paper focuses on reliability assessment of power systems with wind power generation. A Monte Carlo based
. A Monte Carlo based production cost simulation model is introduced in the paper. The model closely for wind power can be established. Over the years, analytical methods [2]-[4] had been extensively utilized based production cost simulation model had been investigated and developed. The model simulates
McCalley, James D.
Risk-Based Maintenance Application Case Study: Risk Evaluation and Prioritization at a Fossil Power Plant
This report describes an application of the use of risk-based maintenance prioritization at a fossil power plant. In 2002, EPRI issued a report titled "Risk Based Maintenance Guideline" (product number 1004382) for fossil power plants. That guideline described several risk-based methods, which are being used in other industries primarily within the United States. Since then, a method called Risk Evaluation and Prioritization (REaP) has been evaluated for its use in decision making at fossil power plants ...
Markov Model Based Power Management in Server Clusters
Many high-end computing systems use an extremely large number of power-hungry commercial components to achieve high performance. Power reduction and energy conservation are important in these systems for the reason of minimizing operating cost. Two main ... Keywords: reen computing, constrained Markov decision
Xinying Zheng; Yu Cai
Vibration-based terrain classification for electric powered wheelchairs
Automated terrain classification for electric powered wheelchairs (EPWs) has two primary motivations. First, certain terrains (e.g., sand and gravel) make wheelchair mobility more difficult. To alleviate this problem the wheelchair control system can ... Keywords: advanced wheelchair systems, electric powered wheelchairs, terrain classification, vibrations
Eric Coyle; Emmanuel G. Collins, Jr.; Edmond DuPont; Dan Ding; Hongwu Wang; Rory A. Cooper; Garrett Grindle
Learning/teaching graphical user interface based power electronic converters
This paper presents an intuitive graphical user interface for simulation of various topologies of power electronic converters. The simulator is developed using the GUIDE tool of MATLAB�, which acts as a front-end interface that can be ... Keywords: MATLAB�/SIMULINK�, converter design, power electronics teaching tool
S. Doolla; T. S. Bhatti
Power-Saving Color Transformation of Mobile Graphical User Interfaces on OLED-based Displays
Power-Saving Color Transformation of Mobile Graphical User Interfaces on OLED-based Displays Mian to their emissive nature. They bring a new opportunity for power saving by transforming GUI colors. In this work, we to automatically transform GUIs for power reduction. Firstly, most existing GUIs are designed for conventional LCDs
Zhong, Lin
A knowledge-based approach for power system dynamic security assessment
This paper presents a knowledge-based method for predicting the robustness of a power system to severe disturbances. The method builds decision trees using the attributes which are closely related to the stability of the power system. A simple power ...
B. Jeyasurya; S. S. Venkata
Power System Aggregate Load Area Dynamic Modeling by Learning Based on WAMS
This paper is concerned with an investigation of a methodology using intelligent learning techniques based on WAMS to construct power system load area model. An aggregate load area dynamic model (ALADM) is proposed to represent large area loads of power ... Keywords: ALADM, Genetic algorithm, Load area modeling, Power system, Recursive least squares
Huimin Yang; Jinyu Wen
EPRI Power Electronics-Based Transmission Controllers Reference Book ("The Gold Book")
EPRI is sponsoring development of a first edition of the EPRI Power Electronics-Based Transmission Controllers Reference Book. This report is the most recent draft of a chapter for the "Gold Book," an authoritative guide for utilities and others who install and maintain power electronics equipment to increase power transfer capability.
Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of Hybrid Power Systems Based on Renewable Energy
This paper describes dynamic modeling and simulation results of a renewable energy based hybrid power system. The paper focuses on the combination of solar cell (SC), wind turbine (WT), fuel cell (FC) and ultra-capacitor (UC) systems for power generation. ... Keywords: fuel cell, hybrid power system, renewable energy, solar cell, ultra-capacitor, wind turbine
Teng-Fa Tsao; Po-Hung Chen; Hung-Cheng Chen
Statistical profiling-based techniques for effective power provisioning in data centers
Current capacity planning practices based on heavy over-provisioning of power infrastructure hurt (i) the operational costs of data centers as well as (ii) the computational work they can support. We explore a combination of statistical multiplexing ... Keywords: data center, power provisioning, power supply hierarchy, prediction, profiling
Sriram Govindan; Jeonghwan Choi; Bhuvan Urgaonkar; Anand Sivasubramaniam; Andrea Baldini
A Trust Based Distributed Kalman Filtering Approach for Mode Estimation in Power Systems
scale communication networks underlying the power grids make it impossible to collect data and control, the uncertainty of data accuracy has to be taken into consideration. Second, PMUs in the power grids often operateA Trust Based Distributed Kalman Filtering Approach for Mode Estimation in Power Systems Tao Jiang
Baras, John S.
Shipboard condition based maintenance and integrated power system initiatives
With the U.S. Navy's continued focus on developing and implementing a robust integrated power system aboard future combatants, there has been an ever increasing effort to guarantee an electrical distribution system that ...
Barber, Darrin E. (Darrin Eugene)
Compact nuclear power systems based on particle bed reactors
Compact, low cost nuclear power systems with an extremely low radioactive inventory are described. These systems use the Particle Bed Reactor (PBR), in which HTGR particle fuel is contained in packed beds that are changed daily. The small diameter particle fuel (500 ..mu..m) is directly cooled utilizing the large heat transfer area available (7.8 m/sup 2//liter), thus allowing high bed power densities (MW/liter).
Horn, F.L.; Powell, J.R.; Steinberg, M.; Takahashi, H.
Budget-based power consumption for application execution on a plurality of compute nodes
Methods, apparatus, and products are disclosed for budget-based power consumption for application execution on a plurality of compute nodes that include: assigning an execution priority to each of one or more applications; executing, on the plurality of compute nodes, the applications according to the execution priorities assigned to the applications at an initial power level provided to the compute nodes until a predetermined power consumption threshold is reached; and applying, upon reaching the predetermined power consumption threshold, one or more power conservation actions to reduce power consumption of the plurality of compute nodes during execution of the applications.
Archer, Charles J; Inglett, Todd A
Archer, Charles J; Blocksome, Michael A; Peters, Amanda E; Ratterman, Joseph D; Smith, Brian E
Modelling and analysis of power consumption for component-based embedded software
With the increasing complexity of the real-time embedded software, the power consumption is becoming a real challenge in the system designs. In this paper, for modelling the component-based embedded software, the interface automata is extended by adding ... Keywords: component-based design, embedded software design, interface automata, model checking, power-aware computing, real-time system
Hu Jun; Li Xuandong; Zheng Guoliang; Wang Chenghua
Paraconsistent Case-Based Reasoning Applied to a Restoration of Electrical Power Substations
This paper presents a connection of two techniques applied in Artificial Intelligence to solve problems of restoration of electrical power substations. The techniques are: Case-based Reasoning --- CBR and the Four-Valued Annotated Paraconsistent Logic ... Keywords: CBR, Case-based Reasoning, Decision Support System, Intelligent System, Paraconsistent Logic, Restoration of Electrical Power Substations
Helga Gonzaga Martins; Germano Lambert-Torres; Luiz Eduardo Borges Da Silva; Claudio In�cio Almeida Costa; Maurilio Pereira Coutinho
Photovoltaic-Concentrator Based Power Beaming For Space Elevator Application
The MClimber team, at the Student Space Systems Fabrication Laboratory of the University of Michigan, has developed a prototype robotic climber for competition in the NASA sponsored Power Beaming Challenge. This paper describes the development of the system that utilizes a simple telescope to deliver an 8 kW beam to a photovoltaic panel in order to power a one kilometer climb. Its unique approach utilizes a precision GPS signal to track the panel. Fundamental systems of the project were implemented using a design strategy focusing on robustness and modularity. Development of this design and its results are presented.
Becker, Daniel E.; Chiang, Richard; Keys, Catherine C.; Lyjak, Andrew W.; Starch, Michael D. [S3FL, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109 (United States); Nees, John A. [Center for Ultrafast Optical Science-University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109 (United States)
Stream computing based synchrophasor application for power grids
This paper proposes an application of stream computing analytics framework to high speed synchrophasor data for real time monitoring and control of electric grid. High volume streaming synchrophasor data from geographically distributed grid sensors (namely, ... Keywords: power grid, stream computing, synchrophasor, voltage stability
Jagabondhu Hazra; Kaushik Das; Deva P. Seetharam; Amith Singhee
Materials in Clean Power Systems VI: Clean Coal-, Hydrogen Based ...
clean coal technologies, carbon sequestration, membrane-based gas separations, biofuel production, hydrogen production from various sources, etc. With an�...
Physically-based models of low-power wireless links using signal power simulation
We propose deriving wireless simulation models from experimental traces of radio signal strength. Because experimental traces have holes due to packet losses, we explore two algorithms for filling the gaps in lossy experimental traces. Using completed ... Keywords: Burstiness, Low-power wireless networks, Sensor networks, Signal strength, Wireless link simulation
Tal Rusak; Philip Levis
Incident-Based Training Modules for Power Switching
This report describes a second phase of the project undertaken in 2009 by EPRI's Switching Safety and Reliability Project to develop a comprehensive set of training materials designed to reinforce behaviorsprincipally strict procedural compliancethat make errors less likely to occur in the conduct of power switching operations. The report describes the general approach taken to developing the training materials and the 11 modules produced to date. The additional training material are attached to the main...
Power shifts in web-based translation memory
Web-based translation memory (TM) is a recent and little-studied development that is changing the way localisation projects are conducted. This article looks at the technology that allows for the sharing of TM databases over the internet to find out ... Keywords: Internationalization, Localization, Machine-aided translation, Translation memory, Web-based translation
Ignacio Garcia
POEM: Power-efficient Occupancy-based Energy Management System
for optimally controlling HVAC systems in buildings based on actual occupancy levels. POEM is comprised for Heating Ventilation and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) systems. Current HVAC systems only condition based are then fused with an occupancy prediction model us- ing a particle filter in order to determine the most
Cerpa, Alberto E.
Hydrogen peroxide-based propulsion and power systems.
Less toxic, storable, hypergolic propellants are desired to replace nitrogen tetroxide (NTO) and hydrazine in certain applications. Hydrogen peroxide is a very attractive replacement oxidizer, but finding acceptable replacement fuels is more challenging. The focus of this investigation is to find fuels that have short hypergolic ignition delays, high specific impulse, and desirable storage properties. The resulting hypergolic fuel/oxidizer combination would be highly desirable for virtually any high energy-density applications such as small but powerful gas generating systems, attitude control motors, or main propulsion. These systems would be implemented on platforms ranging from guided bombs to replacement of environmentally unfriendly existing systems to manned space vehicles.
Melof, Brian Matthew; Keese, David L.; Ingram, Brian V.; Grubelich, Mark Charles; Ruffner, Judith Alison; Escapule, William Rusty
Virtually Arc Free High Power Pulsed Magnetron Sputtering Based ...
Bonding Mechanism of Cold Spray Coating on Magnesium Alloys ... Effect of Thermal Cycling and Sliding on the Structure of Cu-Nb Nanolaminates ... Sputtering Based on Oscillatory Voltage Wave Forms for Insulating Film Depositions.
Oxide based thermoelectric materials for large scale power generation
The thermoelectric (TE) devices are based on the Seebeck and Peltier effects, which describe the conversion between temperature gradient and electricity. The effectiveness of the material performance can be described by ...
Song, Yang, M. Eng. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Wind Farm Power Maximization Based On A Cooperative Static Game Approach
Wind Farm Power Maximization Based On A Cooperative Static Game Approach Jinkyoo Parka, Soonduck efficiency of wind farms using cooperative control. The key factors in determining the power production and the loading for a wind turbine are the nacelle yaw and blade pitch angles. However, the nacelle and blade
Stanford University
Performance evaluation of indoor localization techniques based on RF power measurements from active or passive devices
The performance of networks for indoor localization based on RF power measurements from active or passive devices is evaluated in terms of the accuracy, complexity, and costs. In the active device case, the terminal to be located measures the power transmitted ...
Damiano De Luca; Franco Mazzenga; Cristiano Monti; Marco Vari
Feedforward neural network and adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system in study of power lines
Over the past several decades, concerns have been raised over the possibility that the exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields from power lines may have harmful effects on human and living organisms. This paper presents novel approach ... Keywords: Adaptive network-based fuzzy inference systems, Electromagnetic fields, Feedforward neural network, Power lines
Jasna Radulovi?; Vesna Rankovi?
Energy 32 (2007) 406417 Modeling and control of a SOFC-GT-based autonomous power system
Energy 32 (2007) 406417 Modeling and control of a SOFC-GT-based autonomous power system Rambabu In this article, a dynamic, lumped model of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is described, as a step towards developing control relevant models for a SOFC combined with a gas turbine (GT) in an autonomous power system
Foss, Bjarne A.
A low-power, multichannel gated oscillator-based CDR for short-haul applications
A gated current-controlled oscillator (GCCO) based topology is used to implement a low-power multi-channel clock and data recovery (CDR) system in a 0.18um digital CMOS technology. A systematic approach is presented to design a reliable and low-power ...
Armin Tajalli; Paul Muller; Mojtaba Atarodi; Yusuf Leblebici
Cost and performance analysis of biomass-based integrated gasification combined-cycle (BIGCC) power systems
To make a significant contribution to the power mix in the United States biomass power systems must be competitive on a cost and efficiency basis. We describe the cost and performance of three biomass-based integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) systems. The economic viability and efficiency performance of the IGCC generation technology appear to be quite attractive.
Craig, K. R.; Mann, M. K.
High power light emitting diode based setup for photobleaching fluorescent impurities Tobias K be photobleached before final sample preparation. The instrument consists of high power light emitting diodes for simple photobleaching pur- poses, we designed a simple but efficient lighting system using light emitting
Network reconfiguration of distributed controlled homogenous power inverter network using composite Lyapunov function based reachability bound
We outline a methodology to determine the reachability bound of a homogeneous interactive power network (IPN) with wireless distributed control by using a piecewise linear (PWL) model of the system. By formulating a convex optimization problem based ... Keywords: Lyapunov stability, Markov-chain model, linear matrix inequality, piecewise linear systems, reaching conditions, switching power converters
Sudip K. Mazumder; Kaustuva Acharya; Muhammad Tahir
RTDS Based Maximal Power Point Tracking Simulation for Doubly-Fed Induction Generator
In the control of the wind generation, the maximal power point tracking (MPPT) control plays important role in the efficiency. This paper presents the simulation results of the MPPT control with RTDS-based DFIG model. At first, it analyzes the vector-control ... Keywords: Wind energy, DFIG((doubly-fed induction generator), Stator flux-oriented, Maximal power point tracking
Jiamin Zhang; Ancheng Xue; Tianshu Bi
The Power Decoupling Control for Wind Power Converter Based on a Novel Speed Sensor-Less
Doubly fed induction generators based wind turbines are today one of the most widely used generation systems in wind farms. The stator is directly connected to the constant frequency three phase grid and the rotor currents are appropriately controlled ...
Zhang Jia-ming; Fu Yang
A Certificate-Based Approach to Marketing Green Power and Constructing...
Certificate-Based Approach to Marketing Green Power and Constructing New Wind Energy Facilities Preprint May 2002 * NRELCP-620-32430 E. Blank Community Energy, Inc. L. Bird and B....
Adaptive neurofuzzy inference system-based pollution severity prediction of polymeric insulators in power transmission lines
This paper presents the prediction of pollution severity of the polymeric insulators used in power transmission lines using adaptive neurofuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model. In this work, laboratory-based pollution performance tests were carried out ...
C. Muniraj; S. Chandraseka
Report on High Power rf Testing of Quartz Based DLA Structure
2 March, 2006 Report on High Power rf Testing of Quartz Based DLA Structure at NRL C. Jing, and R. Konecny Abstract: In this article, we report the experimental results of high...
Integrated design space exploration based on power-performance trade-off using genetic algorithm
This paper presents a novel approach for Design Space Exploration (DSE) of integrated scheduling, allocation and binding in High Level Synthesis based on user specified power consumption and execution time constraints using multi structure Genetic Algorithm ... Keywords: algorithms, design, performance
Anirban Sengupta; Reza Sedaghat; Pallabi Sarkar
Modeling and Simulation of an Agent-Based Decentralized Two-Commodity Power Market
In this paper, a market-based approach is described to solve the resource allocation problem of two coupled commodities, namely electric energy and heating energy. Agents assigned to each household and each power plant carry out evaluations independently ...
EPRI is sponsoring development of a first edition of the EPRI Power Electronics-Based Transmission Controllers Reference Book. The reference book will provide a broad overview on power electronics-based controllers0150with information on historical perspectives, basic design considerations, factory testing, site installations, commissioning, operating performance, operation and maintenance, and future trends. The book will assist users in planning, developing, installing, and utilizing this technology.
Developing ammonia based thermochemical energy storage for dish power plants
. There are three main solar thermal concentrator technologies; central receivers, parabolic troughs temperature in standard reactors. The possibility of operating the ammonia based system using trough- bolic troughs contribute the greatest share of installed capacity, with 354 MWe of natural gas assisted
Vibration-based MEMS Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for Power Optimization
The simplicity associated with piezoelectric micro-generators makes them very attractive for MEMS applications in which ambient vibrations are harvested and converted into electric energy. These micro-generators can become an alternative to the battery-based ... Keywords: Piezoelectric materials, Energy conversion, shaped cantilever, MEMS
Othman Sidek, Salem Saadon
POEM: power-efficient occupancy-based energy management system
Buildings account for 40% of US primary energy consumption and 72% of electricity. Of this total, 50% of the energy consumed in buildings is used for Heating Ventilation and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) systems. Current HVAC systems only condition based on ... Keywords: HVAC, energy savings, occupancy, ventilation
Varick L. Erickson; Stefan Achleitner; Alberto E. Cerpa
Advanced power conversion based on the Aerocapacitor{trademark}. Final report
This report summarizes work performed under contract No. DE-FC07-94ID13283, {open_quotes}Advanced Power Conversion Based on the Aerocapacitors{trademark}.{close_quotes} Under this contract high power density, high energy density, organic electrolyte Aerocapacitors{trademark} were developed and characterized for power conversion applications. Pilot facilities for manufacturing prototype AA-size Aerocapacitors{trademark} were put in place. The low ESR and good frequency response of these devices show that they are ideal components for high discharge rate and low to moderate frequency (< 10 kHz) applications such as power conversion.
Roark, D.
Transistor-based filter for inhibiting load noise from entering a power supply
A transistor-based filter for inhibiting load noise from entering a power supply is disclosed. The filter includes a first transistor having an emitter coupled to a power supply, a collector coupled to a load, and a base. The filter also includes a first capacitor coupled between the base of the first transistor and a ground terminal. The filter further includes an impedance coupled between the base and a node between the collector and the load, or a second transistor and second capacitor. The impedance can be a resistor or an inductor.
Taubman, Matthew S
Need-based Communication for Smart Grid: When to Inquire Power Price?
In smart grid, a home appliance can adjust its power consumption level according to the realtime power price obtained from communication channels. Most studies on smart grid do not consider the cost of communications which cannot be ignored in many situations. Therefore, the total cost in smart grid should be jointly optimized with the communication cost. In this paper, a probabilistic mechanism of locational margin price (LMP) is applied and a model for the stochastic evolution of the underlying load which determines the power price is proposed. Based on this framework of power price, the problem of determining when to inquire the power price is formulated as a Markov decision process and the corresponding elements, namely the action space, system state and reward function, are defined. Dynamic programming is then applied to obtain the optimal strategy. A simpler myopic approach is proposed by comparing the cost of communications and the penalty incurred by using the old value of power price. Numerical resul...
Li, Husheng
The future of GPS-based electric power system measurements, operation and control
Much of modern society is powered by inexpensive and reliable electricity delivered by a complex and elaborate electric power network. Electrical utilities are currently using the Global Positioning System-NAVSTAR (GPS) timekeeping to improve the network`s reliability. Currently, GPS synchronizes the clocks on dynamic recorders and aids in post-mortem analysis of network disturbances. Two major projects have demonstrated the use of GPS-synchronized power system measurements. In 1992, the Electric Power Research Institute`s (EPRI) sponsored Phase Measurements Project used a commercially available Phasor Measurements Unit (PMU) to collect GPS-synchronized measurements for analyzing power system problems. In 1995, Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) and Western Area Power Administration (WAPA) under DOE`s and EPRI`s sponsorship launched the Wide Area Measurements (WAMS) project. WAMS demonstrated GPS-synchronized measurements over a large area of their power networks and demonstrated the networking of GPS-based measurement systems in BPA and WAPA. The phasor measurement technology has also been used to conduct dynamic power system tests. During these tests, a large dynamic resistor was inserted to simulate a small power system disturbance.
Rizy, D.T. [Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States); Wilson, R.E. [Western Area Power Administration, Golden, CO (United States); Martin, K.E.; Litzenberger, W.H. [Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, OR (United States); Hauer, J.F. [Pacific Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA (United States); Overholt, P.N. [Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States); Sobajic, D.J. [Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, CA (United States)
Shell-based gasification-combined-cycle power plant evaluations. Final report
This report presents the results of a detailed engineering and economic evaluation of shell-based integrated gasification - combined-cycle (IGCC) power plants. Two complete nominal 1000 MW capacity Shell-based grass roots IGCC plant designs and cost estimates were prepared. The following conclusions were made: Shell-based IGCC plants firing Illinois coal and employing current technology gas turbines (2000/sup 0/F firing temperature) have the potential to be cost competitive with conventional coal-fired steam plants with FGD. Shell-based IGCC plants firing Texas lignite have the potential to generate power at costs that are competitive with those based on firing high rank coal. Shell-based IGCC plants firing Illinois No. 6 coal have equivalent performance and costs similar to Texaco-based IGCC systems.
Hartman, J.J.
PBES: a policy based encryption system with application to data sharing in the power grid
In distributed systems users need the ability to share sensitive content with multiple other recipients based on their ability to satisfy arbitrary policies. One such system is electricity grids where finegrained sensor data sharing holds the potential ... Keywords: multi-party data sharing, phasor measurement units (PMUs), policy based encryption, power grid
Rakesh Bobba; Himanshu Khurana; Musab AlTurki; Farhana Ashraf
Potential Occupational Exposures and Health Risks Associated with Biomass-Based Power Generation
Status: Submitted Citation: Lewis, A; Long, CM; Peterson, MK; Weatherstone, S; Quick, W; Campleman, S; Potential Occupational Exposures and Health Risks Associated with Biomass-Based Power. Submitted to INT J ENVIRON RES PUBLIC HEALTH. Biomass power plants will increasingly contribute to reaching international energy targets for renewable production of electricity and greenhouse gas emission reductions. Biomass combustors, common in small scale, industrial boiler applications, are being developed for ap...
Development of Power System Restoration Tool Based on Generic Restoration Milestones
The importance of power system restoration is well recognized by the power industry. System reliability depends heavily on the efficiency of system restoration. EPRI has been working on developing a prototype decision support tool, the System Restoration Navigator (SRN), for evaluating system restoration strategies, based on the concept of Generic Restoration Milestones (GRMs). This tool is intended to be used for offline planning at the current stage and later on for dispatcher training and online decis...
Microgrids and Heterogeneous Power Quality and Reliability
Resources: The CERTS MicroGrid Concept�, LBNL-50829, (2002).by reference to two ongoing microgrid tests in the U.S. andmacrogrid. In this paper, a microgrid is a local cluster of
Marnay, Chris
Performance Analysis of Existing 600MW Coal-Fired Power Plant with Ammonia-Based CO2 Capture
This paper analyzes the techno-economic performance of 600 MW coal-fired power plant with and without ammonia-based CO2 capture process, based on the operating data of an existing power plant. The simulation and analysis, with fully consideration of ... Keywords: CO2 capture, aqueous ammonia, existing power plant, techno-economic performance
Gang Xu; Liqiang Duan; Mingde Zhao; Yongping Yang; Ji Li; Le Li; Haizhan Chen
Large-scale Ocean-based or Geothermal Power Plants by Thermoelectric Effects
Heat resources of small temperature difference are easily accessible, free and unlimited on earth. Thermoelectric effects provide the technology for converting these heat resources directly into electricity. We present designs of electricity generators based on thermoelectric effects and using heat resources of small temperature difference, e.g., ocean water at different depths and geothermal sources, and conclude that large-scale power plants based on thermoelectric effects are feasible and economically competitive. The key observation is that the power factor of thermoelectric materials, unlike the figure of merit, can be improved by orders of magnitude upon laminating good conductors and good thermoelectric materials. The predicted large-scale power plants based on thermoelectric effects, if validated, will have a global economic and social impact for its scalability, and the renewability, free and unlimited supply of heat resources of small temperature difference on earth.
Liu, Liping
Agent based control of power systems, ForskEL (Smart Grid Project) | Open
Open Energy Info (EERE)
Agent based control of power systems, ForskEL (Smart Grid Project) Agent based control of power systems, ForskEL (Smart Grid Project) Jump to: navigation, search Project Name Agent based control of power systems, ForskEL Country Denmark Coordinates 56.26392°, 9.501785° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":56.26392,"lon":9.501785,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Underwater Acoustic Networks: Channel Models and Network Coding based Lower Bound to Transmission Power for Multicast
The goal of this paper is two-fold. First, to establish a tractable model for the underwater acoustic channel useful for network optimization in terms of convexity. Second, to propose a network coding based lower bound for transmission power in underwater acoustic networks, and compare this bound to the performance of several network layer schemes. The underwater acoustic channel is characterized by a path loss that depends strongly on transmission distance and signal frequency. The exact relationship among power, transmission band, distance and capacity for the Gaussian noise scenario is a complicated one. We provide a closed-form approximate model for 1) transmission power and 2) optimal frequency band to use, as functions of distance and capacity. The model is obtained through numerical evaluation of analytical results that take into account physical models of acoustic propagation loss and ambient noise. Network coding is applied to determine a lower bound to transmission power for a multicast scenario, fo...
Lucani, Daniel E; Stojanovic, Milica
MLET: A Power Efficient Approach for TCAM Based, IP Lookup Engines in Internet Routers
Routers are one of the important entities in computer networks specially the Internet. Forwarding IP packets is a valuable and vital function in Internet routers. Routers extract destination IP address from packets and lookup those addresses in their own routing table. This task is called IP lookup. Internet address lookup is a challenging problem due to the increasing routing table sizes. Ternary Content-Addressable Memories (TCAMs)are becoming very popular for designing high-throughput address lookup?engines on routers: they are fast, cost-effective and simple to manage. Despite the TCAMs speed, their high power consumption is their major drawback. In this paper, Multilevel Enabling Technique (MLET), a power efficient TCAM based hardware architecture has been proposed. This scheme is employed after an Espresso-II minimization algorithm to achieve lower power consumption. The performance evaluation of the proposed approach shows that it can save considerable amount of routing table's power consumption.
Mahini, Hamidreza; Mahini, Alireza; 10.5121/ijcnc.2010.2302
Development Of A Power Efficient Image Coding Algorithm Based On Integer Wavelet Transform
A novel algorithm for very high compression of grayscale images presenting features that lead to power efficient implementations is proposed. A simple methodology based on a hierarchical three- stage exploration of the algorithmic design space has been adopted for the conception of the algorithm. The proposed algorithm is based on an integer wavelet transform, which is much more efficient in terms of data storage and transfer compared to the widely used real wavelet transforms. For the coding of the coefficients of the wavelet transform fractal techniques using small size computationally generated codebooks are applied. The performance of the proposed algorithm is comparable to or better than that of existing standard algorithms. It is estimated using state-ofthe -art high-level power estimation techniques that the proposed algorithm achieves lower power consumption by several times compared to existing standard algorithms. 1.
Masselos Karayiannis Andreopoulos; K. Masselos; Y. Karayiannis; I. Andreopoulos; T. Stouraitis
DOE Selects Nine New University Coal Research Projects to Advance Coal-Based Power
Selects Nine New University Coal Research Projects to Advance Coal-Based Power Selects Nine New University Coal Research Projects to Advance Coal-Based Power Systems Nine new projects selected by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under the University Coal Research program will seek long-term solutions for the clean and efficient use of our nation's abundant coal resources. The announcement today of the selections marks the 34 th round of the Department's longest-running coal program, which began in 1979. This research continues DOE efforts to improve the understanding of the chemical and physical processes governing coal conversion and utilization, and support the technological development of the advanced coal power systems of the future. These advanced systems include ultra-clean
Drum type fossil fueled power plant control based on fuzzy inverse MIMO model
In this paper, a new fuzzy controller is proposed based on inverse model of boiler-turbine system. Gain scheduling scheme is used to keep feedback rule as close as possible to optimal condition while generating plant Input/Output data. Interaction between ... Keywords: ANFIS, drum type fossil fueled power plant (FFPP), interaction, inverse model control, nonlinear model, robustness
Ali Ghaffari; Mansour Nikkhah Bahrami; Hesam Parsa
Energy conservation and power consumption analysis in China based on input-output method
To achieve the sustainable development of society, the 11th five-year plan of national economic and social development of China raised the energy-saving target of decreasing 20% energy consumption per unit GDP in 2010 than the end of 2005. Based on the ... Keywords: energy intensity, energy-saving, input-output model, power demand
He Yong-Xiu; Zhang Song-Lei; Tao Wei-Jun; Li Fu-Rong
Review of Alternatives for Co-firing Biomass in Coal-Based Power Plants
This Technical Update presents information gathered during visits to three European coal-based plants co-fired with biomass. In addition to process details of the plants visited, the report draws together the insight gained of the political and technical approaches that Member States of the European Union (EU) are following to reduce fossil-derived carbon dioxide emissions from their power plants.
A novel time-based low-power pipeline analog to digital converter
A new power reduction technique for analog-to-digital converters is proposed in this paper. A novel current-mode algorithm which uses time to perform analog-to-digital conversion has been described and a 12 bit 100-ksample/s time-based pipeline analog ... Keywords: Bottom plate sampling, Continues-time comparator, Digital correction, Pipeline ADC
Mohammad Hossein Zarifi; Javad Frounchi; Shahin Farshchi; Jack W. Judy
Coal Energy Conversion with Aquifer-Based Carbon Sequestration: An Approach to Electric Power Generation with
Coal Energy Conversion with Aquifer-Based Carbon Sequestration: An Approach to Electric Power an impermeable seal to prevent it from escaping the aquifer. The proposed alternative technology processes coal carbon and non-mineral coal combustion products in the process. This stream is denser than the aquifer
Nur, Amos
Optimization of disk generator performance for base-load power plant systems applications
Disk generators for use in base-load MHD power plants are examined for both open-cycle and closed-cycle operating modes. The OCD cases are compared with PSPEC results for a linear channel; enthalpy extractions up to 23% with 71% isentropic efficiency are achievable with generator inlet conditions similar to those used in PSPEC, thus confirming that the disk configuration is a viable alternative for base-load power generation. The evaluation of closed-cycle disks includes use of a simplified cycle model. High system efficiencies over a wide range of power levels are obtained for effective Hall coefficients in the range 2.3 to 4.9. Cases with higher turbulence (implying ..beta../sub eff/ less than or equal to 2.4) yield high system efficiencies at power levels of 100 to 500 MW/sub e/. All these CCD cases compare favorably with linear channels reported in the GE ECAS study, yielding higher isentropic efficiences for a given enthalpy extraction. Power densities in the range 70 to 170 MW/m/sup 3/ appear feasible, leading to very compact generator configurations.
Teare, J.D.; Loubsky, W.J.; Lytle, J.K.; Louis, J.F.
Fuel Cell Power Model Elucidates Life-Cycle Costs for Fuel Cell-Based Combined Heat, Hydrogen, and Power (CHHP) Production Systems (Fact Sheet)
This fact sheet describes NREL's accomplishments in accurately modeling costs for fuel cell-based combined heat, hydrogen, and power systems. Work was performed by NREL's Hydrogen Technologies and Systems Center.
Not Available
Reference concepts for a space-based hydrogen-oxygen combustion, turboalternator, burst power system
This report describes reference concepts for a hydrogen-oxygen combustion, turboalternator power system that supplies power during battle engagement to a space-based, ballistic missile defense platform. All of the concepts are open''; that is, they exhaust hydrogen or a mixture of hydrogen and water vapor into space. We considered the situation where hydrogen is presumed to be free to the power system because it is also needed to cool the platform's weapon and the situation where hydrogen is not free and its mass must be added to that of the power system. We also considered the situation where water vapor is an acceptable exhaust and the situation where it is not. The combination of these two sets of situations required four different power generation systems, and this report describes each, suggests parameter values, and estimates masses for each of the four. These reference concepts are expected to serve as a baseline'' to which other types of power systems can be compared, and they are expected to help guide technology development efforts in that they suggest parameter value ranges that will lead to optimum system designs. 7 refs., 18 figs., 5 tabs.
Edenburn, M.W.
Data base on batteries, power-conditioning equipment, and photovoltaic arrays. Final report
The objective of this study was to compile an up-to-date comprehensive data base for research, design, and development of photovoltaic systems, primarily in the areas of applications and battery technology, and secondarily in the area of power conditioning and photovoltaic array technology. This volume contains the data base used to develop the end-use scenarios and identify the R and D needed for batteries to be used in photovoltaic power systems. In addition to its specific application to the present study, this data base is intended to provide state-of-the-art information to manufacturers of the various components of photovoltaic power systems, system designers, and researchers in this field. An extensive literature search was conducted to obtain technical data on batteries, power conditioners, and photovoltaic arrays. The data obtained from published technical literature and direct communication with manufacturers and developers are compiled. Principles of operation, types of systems, performance characteristics, test data, and cost data are included for each of the components. (WHK)
Podder, A.; Kapner, M.; Morse, T.
Large heavy-duty gas turbines for base-load power generation and heat cogeneration
The predominant role of large gas turbines has shifted from peaking-load duty to midrange and base-load electric power generation, especially within combined-cycle plants. Such applications require heavy-duty industrial gas turbines to ensure the same high reliability and availability for continuous service as the associated steam turbines. It is also important that the gas turbines be designed for low maintenance to minimize the necessary outage times and costs for component repair and replacement. The basic design principles and applications of Model V94 gas turbines are discussed with special reference to highly reliable and economic bulk power generation.
Joyce, J.S.
Sustainable Forward Operating Base Nuclear Power Evaluation (Relationship Mapping System) Users� Manual
The Sustainable Forward Operating Base (FOB) Nuclear Power Evaluation was developed by the Idaho National Laboratory Systems Engineering Department to support the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in assessing and demonstrating the viability of deploying small-scale reactors in support of military operations in theatre. This document provides a brief explanation of how to access and use the Sustainable FOB Nuclear Power Evaluation utility to view assessment results as input into developing and integrating the program elements needed to create a successful demonstration.
Not Listed
Integrating gray system theory and logistic regression into case-based reasoning for safety assessment of thermal power plants
Safety assessment of thermal power plants (TPPs) is one of the important means to guarantee the safety of production in thermal power production enterprises. Due to various technical limitations, existing assessment approaches, such as analytic hierarchy ... Keywords: Case-based reasoning, Gray system theory, Intelligent decision support system, Logistic regression, Management safety assessment, Thermal power plants
Changyong Liang; Dongxiao Gu; Isabelle Bichindaritz; Xingguo Li; Chunrong Zuo; Wenen Cheng
Development of an artificial neural network-based software for prediction of power plant canal water discharge temperature
Power plant cooling water systems that interact with nearby effluents are complex non-linear, large-time-delay systems. A neural network-based software tool was developed for prediction of the canal water discharge temperature at a coal-fired power plant ... Keywords: Canal water thermal discharge, Neural networks, Power plants
Carlos E. Romero; Jiefeng Shan
Optimal Design of Fuzzy Based Power System Stabilizer Self Tuned by Robust Search Algorithm
In the interconnected power system network, instability problems are caused mainly by the low frequency oscillations of 0.2 to 2.5 Hz .The supplementary control signal in addition with AVR and high gain excitation systems are provided by means of Power System Stabilizer (PSS). Conventional power system stabilizers provide effective damping only on a particular operating point. But fuzzy based PSS provides good damping for a wide range of operating points. The bottlenecks faced in designing a fuzzy logic controller can be minimized by using appropriate optimization techniques like Genetic Algorithm, Particle Swam Optimization, Ant Colony Optimization etc.In this paper the membership functions of FLC are optimized by the new breed optimization technique called Genetic Algorithm. This design methodology is implemented on a Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) system. Simulation results on SMIB show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed PSS over a wide range of operating conditions and system configurati...
Linda, M Mary
Perturbations of ionosphere-magnetosphere coupling by powerful VLF emissions from ground-based transmitters
The characteristics of the plasma-wave disturbances stimulated in the near-Earth plasma by powerful VLF radiation from ground-based transmitters are investigated. Radio communication VLF transmitters of about 1 MW in power are shown to produce artificial plasma-wave channels (density ducts) in the near-Earth space that originate in the lower ionosphere above the disturbing emission source and extend through the entire ionosphere and magnetosphere of the Earth along the magnetic field lines. Measurements with the onboard equipment of the DEMETER satellite have revealed that under the action of emission from the NWC transmitter, which is one of the most powerful VLF radio transmitters, the generation of quasi-electrostatic (plasma) waves is observed on most of the satellite trajectory along the disturbed magnetic flux tube. This may probably be indicative of stimulated emission of a magnetospheric maser.
Belov, A. S., E-mail: email@example.com; Markov, G. A.; Ryabov, A. O. [Lobachevsky Nizhni Novgorod State University (Russian Federation); Parrot, M. [Environment Physics and Chemistry Laboratory (France)
A bimodal power and propulsion system based on cermet fuel and heat pipe energy transport
Bimodal space reactor systems provide both thermal propulsion for the spacecraft orbital transfer and electrical power to the spacecraft bus once it is on station. These systems have the potential to increase both the available payload in high energy orbits and the available power to that payload. These increased mass and power capabilities can be used to either reduce mission cost by permitting the use of smaller launch vehicles or to provide increased mission performance from the current launch vehicle. A major barrier to the deployment of these bimodal systems has been the cost associated with their development. This paper describes a bimodal reactor system with performance potential to permit more than 70% of the instrumented payload of the Titan IV/Centaur to be launched from the Atlas IIAS. The development cost is minimized by basing the design on existing component technologies.
Polansky, G.F. [Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM (United States); Gunther, N.A. [Gunther (Norman A.), San Jose, CA (United States); Rochow, R.F. [Novatech, Lynchburg, VA (United States); Bixler, C.H. [Bixler (Charles H.), Mannford, OK (United States)
New approaches to improve the performance of the PEM based fuel cell power systems
Fuel cells are expected to play an important role in future power generation. However, significant technical challenges remain and the commercial breakthrough of fuel cells is hindered by the high price of fuel cell components. As is well known, the fuel cells do not provide the robust source characteristics required to effectively follow the load during significant load steps and they have limited overload-handling capability. Further, the performance of the fuel cell is significantly degraded when the CO (Carbon Monoxide) is contained in the hydrogen fuel. In this thesis several new approaches to improve the performance of PEM based fuel cell power systems are discussed. In the first section an impedance model of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stack (PEMFCS) is first proposed. This equivalent circuit model of the fuel cell stack is derived by a frequency response analysis (FRA) technique to evaluate the effects of the ripple current generated by the power-conditioning unit. Experimental results are presented to show the effects of the ripple currents. In the second section, a fuel cell powered UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) system is proposed. In this approach, two PEM Fuel Cell modules along with suitable DC/DC and DC/AC power electronic converter modules are employed. A Supercapacitor module is also employed to compensate for instantaneous power fluctuations including overload and to overcome the slow dynamics of the fuel processor such as reformers. A complete design example for a 1-kVA system is presented. In the third section, an advanced power converter topology is proposed to significantly improve the CO tolerance on PEM based fuel cell power systems. An additional two-stage dc-dc converter with a supercapacitor module is connected to the fuel cell to draw a low frequency (0.5Hz) pulsating current of the specific amplitude (20-30[A]) from the fuel cell stack. CO on the catalyst surface can be electro-oxidized by using this technique, and thereby the CO tolerance of the system can be significantly improved. Simulation and experimental results show the validity and feasibility of the proposed scheme.
Choi, Woojin
Stresa, Italy, 26-28 April 2006 A SILICON-BASED MICRO GAS TURBINE ENGINE FOR POWER GENERATION
Stresa, Italy, 26-28 April 2006 A SILICON-BASED MICRO GAS TURBINE ENGINE FOR POWER GENERATION X. C in developing a micro power generation system based on gas turbine engine and piezoelectric converter. The micro gas turbine engine consists of a micro combustor, a turbine and a centrifugal compressor
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Design of a Power Oscillation Damper for DFIG-based Wind Energy Conversion System Using Modified Particle Swarm Optimizer
This paper presents a method to design a Power Oscillation Damper (POD) for Double-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS), operating with voltage control loop. Based on eigen values information from Small Signal Stability ... Keywords: Computational Intelligence, double fed induction generator, power oscillation damper, modified particle swarm optimizer, small signal stability analysis, wind energy conversion system
Huazhang Huang; C. Y. Chung
Study of the implementation of STATCOM on DFIG-based wind farm connected to a power system
The integration of Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based wind farm into the power grid has become a major concern for power system engineers today. Voltage stability is a key factor to maintain DFIG-based wind farm in service during the grid disturbances. ...
Tarek Medalel Masaud; P. K. Sen
Recent progress in zirconia-based fuel cells for power generation
High temperature solid oxide fuel cells based upon yttria-stabilized zirconia electrolyte offer a clean, pollution-free technology to electrochemically generate electricity at high efficiencies. This paper reviews the designs, materials and fabrication processes used for such fuel cells. Most progress to date has been achieved with tubular geometry cells. A large number of tubular cells have been electrically tested, some to times up to 30,000 hours; these cells have shown excellent performance and performance stability. In addition, successively larger size electric generators utilizing these cells have been designed, built and operated since 1984. Two 25 kW power generation field test units have recently been fabricated; these units represent a major milestone in the commercialization of zirconia-based fuel cells for power generation.
NETL: News Release - Tax Credit Programs Promote Coal-Based Power
14, 2006 14, 2006 Tax Credit Programs Promote Coal-Based Power Generation Technologies Energy Department Assists Internal Revenue Service in Project Selection WASHINGTON, DC - Legislation designed to advance cleaner coal-based power generation and gasification technologies has received a strong response from the coal community, according to the Department of Energy's Office of Fossil Energy. The expected result: increased energy security and improved environmental performance from our Nation's most abundant energy resource. The response flows from the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPAct), the first overhaul of America's energy policy since 1992. Passed on July 29, 2005, by the U.S. Congress and signed into law by President Bush on August 8, 2005, the Act focuses on clean energy, efficient energy use, energy conservation, and advanced technologies.
Grid-connected and control of MPPT for wind power generation systems based on the SCIG
This paper adopts a main circuit structure with back-to-back PWM converter, in which generator-side using direct torque control method, and grid-side adopts three-phase VSR inner current decoupling control based feed forward control algorithms, and this ... Keywords: back-to-back, grid-connected, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), squirrel cage induction generator (SCIG), wind-turbine generation system
Yidong Chen; Yulin Yang; Liqiao Wang; Zhiyun Jia; Weiyang Wu
Distributed Resources Premium Power Solutions: Market Analysis and Business Case for Distributed Resources-Based Premium Power
It has been postulated that distributed resources (DR) can solve power quality and reliability problems. While the application generation and storage technologies is quite common for providing premium power, extracting DR benefits from these installations, whether existing or future, is less well developed. This report analyzes different DR applications and options for improving power quality and reliability at end user facilities. In this analysis, DR-capable technologies refer to generator and storage ...
A Web-Based Platform for Experimental Investigation of Electric Power Auctions Ray D. Zimmerman Robert J. Thomas Deqiang Gan Carlos Murillo-Snchez
1 A Web-Based Platform for Experimental Investigation of Electric Power Auctions Ray D. Zimmerman This paper describes the architecture and uses of an Internet based software platform called PowerWeb. PowerWeb a web-based user interface. The PowerWeb environment is meant to be flexible so as to allow
?? The Medium Voltage DC (MVDC) architecture of shipboard power system (SPS) with higher power density and enhanced power control is seen as a future� (more)
Yeleti, Sandeep
Robust decentralized fast-output sampling technique based power system stabilizer for a multi-machine power system
Power-system stabilizers (PSSs) are added to excitation systems to enhance the damping during low-frequency oscillations, In this paper, the design of robust decentralized PSS for four machines with a 10-bus system using fast-output sampling feedback ... Keywords: decentralized control, fast-output sampling feedback, multi-machine system, nonlinear simulation, power system stablizer, roboust control
Rajeev Gupta; B. Bandyopadhyay; A. M. Kulkarni
Power scaling analysis of fiber lasers and amplifiers based on non-silica materials
A developed formalism for analyzing the power scaling of diffraction limited fiber lasers and amplifiers is applied to a wider range of materials. Limits considered include thermal rupture, thermal lensing, melting of the core, stimulated Raman scattering, stimulated Brillouin scattering, optical damage, bend induced limits on core diameter and limits to coupling of pump diode light into the fiber. For conventional fiber lasers based upon silica, the single aperture, diffraction limited power limit was found to be 36.6kW. This is a hard upper limit that results from an interaction of the stimulated Raman scattering with thermal lensing. This result is dependent only upon physical constants of the material and is independent of the core diameter or fiber length. Other materials will have different results both in terms of ultimate power out and which of the many limits is the determining factor in the results. Materials considered include silica doped with Tm and Er, YAG and YAG based ceramics and Yb doped phosphate glass. Pros and cons of the various materials and their current state of development will be assessed. In particular the impact of excess background loss on laser efficiency is discussed.
Dawson, J W; Messerly, M J; Heebner, J E; Pax, P H; Sridharan, A K; Bullington, A L; Beach, R J; Siders, C W; Barty, C P; Dubinskii, M
Market power analysis in the EEX electricity market : an agent-based simulation approach.
In this paper, an agent-based modeling and simulation (ABMS) approach is used to model the German wholesale electricity market. The spot market prices in the European Energy Exchange (EEX) are studied as the wholesale market prices. Each participant in the market is modeled as an individual rationality-bounded agent whose objective is to maximize its own profit. By simulating the market clearing process, the interaction among agents is captured. The market clearing price formed by agentspsila production cost bidding is regarded as the reference marginal cost. The gap between the marginal cost and the real market price is measured as an indicator of possible market power exertion. Various bidding strategies such as physical withholding and economic withholding can be simulated to represent strategic bidding behaviors of the market participants. The preliminary simulation results show that some generation companies (GenCos) are in the position of exerting market power by strategic bidding.
Wang, J.; Botterud, A.; Conzelmann, G.; Koritarov, V.; Decision and Information Sciences
Automation uses common data base. [Power Resource Optimization by Electronics (PROBE)
Supervisory-control and data-acquisition (SCADA) systems are not new to electric utilities, but the extension of this technology into substation and distribution-feeder automation has been slow. General Electric Co. and Commonwealth Edison Co. have installed a substation/distribution-automation research system at the latter's LaGrange Park substation to demonstrate feasibility and gain field experience. Niagara Mohawk Power Corp has recently joined in evaluating the functional specifications, in planning and in evaluating field tests, and is sharing in the funding. The project has been named PROBE (power resource optimization by electronics), and its key concept is use of a common data base for substation and distribution information. The project will include three phases of which the initial trial evaluation at LaGrange Park is identified as PROBE-1.
Towards real-time power management of microgrids for power system integration: a decentralized multi-agent based approach
The steadily increasing need for electrical power, rising costs of energy, market forces and industry deregulation, an aging infrastructure, tight constraints on new long distance transmission lines, global environmental concerns, and a public demand ...
Christopher Michael Colson / M. Hashem Nehrir
Modeling, control, and power management of a power electrical system including two distributed generators based on fuel cell and supercapacitor
This paper focuses on Distributed Generator (DG) integration in Power Electrical System (PES) for dispersed nodes. The main objective of the DG use can be classified into two aspects: a load following service and ancillary service systems. In this study
A DSP based power electronics interface for alternate/renewable energy systems. Quarterly report 3.
This report is an update on the research project involving the implementation of a DSP based power electronics interface for alternate/renewable energy systems that was funded by the Department of Energy under the Inventions and Innovations program 1998. The objective of this research is to develop a utility interface (dc to ac converter) suitable to interconnect alternate/renewable energy sources to the utility system. The DSP based power electronics interface in comparison with existing methods will excel in terms of efficiency, reliability and cost. Moreover DSP-based control provides the flexibility to upgrade/modify control algorithms to meet specific system requirements. The proposed interface will be capable of maintaining stiffness of the ac voltages at the point of common coupling regardless of variation in the input dc bus voltage. This will be achieved without the addition of any extra components to the basic interface topology but by inherently controlling the inverter switching strategy in accordance to the input voltage variation.
Monolithic solid oxide fuel cell technology advancement for coal-based power generation
The program is conducted by a team consisting of AiResearch Los Angeles Division of Allied-Signal Aerospace Company and Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). The objective of the program is to advance materials and fabrication methodologies to develop a monolithic solid oxide fuel cell (MSOFC) system capable of meeting performance, life, and cost goals for coal-based power generation. The program focuses on materials research and development, fabrication process development, cell/stack performance testing and characterization, cost and system analysis, and quality development.
High Pressure Coolant Injection (HPCI) system risk-based inspection guide: Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station
A review of the operating experience for the High Pressure Coolant Injection (HPCI) system at the Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station is described in this report. The information for this review was obtained from Pilgrim Licensee Event Reports (LERs) that were generated between 1980 and 1989. These LERs have been categorized into 23 failure modes that have been prioritized based on probabilistic risk assessment considerations. In addition, the results of the Pilgrim operating experience review have been compared with the results of of a similar, industry wide operating experience review. this comparison provides an indication of areas in the Pilgrim HPCI system that should be given increased attention in the prioritization of inspection resources.
Shier, W.; Gunther, W. (Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (United States))
A new VME based high voltage power supply for large experiments
A new VME based high voltage power supply has been developed for the D{O} experiment at Fermilab. There are three types of supplies delivering up to {plus_minus}5.6 kV at 1.0 mA or +2.0 kV at 3.0 mA with a set accuracy of 1.5 V and extremely low voltage ripples. Complete computer control has allowed many special features to be developed for the supply, including user-defined control land monitor groups, variable ramp rates, and advanced histogram and graphic functions. 3 refs.
Ahn, S.C.; Angstadt, R.D.; Droege, T.F.; Johnson, M.E.; MacKinnon, B.A.; McNulty, S.E.; Shea, M.F.; Thompson, R.N.; Watson, M.M. [Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL (United States); Franzini, P. [Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States); Jones, A.A. [Superconducting Super Collider Lab., Dallas, TX (United States); Lopez, M.L. [La Plata Univ. Nacional (Argentina); Wimpenny, S.J.; Yang, M.J. [California Univ., Riverside, CA (United States)
A new VME based high voltage power supply has been developed for the D{O} experiment at Fermilab. There are three types of supplies delivering up to {plus minus}5.6 kV at 1.0 mA or +2.0 kV at 3.0 mA with a set accuracy of 1.5 V and extremely low voltage ripples. Complete computer control has allowed many special features to be developed for the supply, including user-defined control land monitor groups, variable ramp rates, and advanced histogram and graphic functions. 3 refs.
Ahn, S.C.; Angstadt, R.D.; Droege, T.F.; Johnson, M.E.; MacKinnon, B.A.; McNulty, S.E.; Shea, M.F.; Thompson, R.N.; Watson, M.M. (Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL (United States)); Franzini, P. (Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)); Jones, A.A. (Superconducting Super Collider Lab., Dallas, TX (United States)); Lopez, M.L. (La Plata Univ. Nacional (Argentina)); Wimpenny, S.J.; Yang, M.J
Short-term Wind Power Prediction for Offshore Wind Farms -Evaluation of Fuzzy-Neural Network Based Models
Short-term Wind Power Prediction for Offshore Wind Farms - Evaluation of Fuzzy-Neural Network Based of wind power capacities are likely to take place offshore. As for onshore wind parks, short-term wind of offshore farms and their secure integration to the grid. Modeling the behavior of large wind farms
Directed evolution has become a powerful tool for developing enzyme and whole cell based biocatalysts. Significant recent
104 Directed evolution has become a powerful tool for developing enzyme and whole cell based of several new efficient directed evolution methods. The combination of directed evolution and rational, directed evolution has emerged as a powerful tool for biocatalyst engineering [6,7·,8]. As shown in Figure
Zhao, Huimin
Operation and control of space-based solar energy power plants with CCGT using helium as a working medium
The features of a Space-based Solar Energy Power Plant for electric power generation with a closed cycle gas turbine running on Helium are discussed. The system is intended for generating both electricity and process heat for industrial manufacturing processes in a large space station. A system overview for operation and control of such a plant is presented.
Sutsch, A.
High-power, Ultralow-noise Semiconductor External Cavity Lasers Based on Low-confinement Optical Waveguide Gain Media
For the past several years, we have been developing a new class of high-power, low-noise semiconductor optical gain medium based on the slab-coupled optical waveguide (SCOW) concept. The key characteristics of the SCOW ...
Juodawlkis, Paul W.
A Silicon-Based Micro Gas Turbine Engine for Power Generation
This paper reports on our research in developing a micro power generation system based on gas turbine engine and piezoelectric converter. The micro gas turbine engine consists of a micro combustor, a turbine and a centrifugal compressor. Comprehensive simulation has been implemented to optimal the component design. We have successfully demonstrated a silicon-based micro combustor, which consists of seven layers of silicon structures. A hairpin-shaped design is applied to the fuel/air recirculation channel. The micro combustor can sustain a stable combustion with an exit temperature as high as 1600 K. We have also successfully developed a micro turbine device, which is equipped with enhanced micro air-bearings and driven by compressed air. A rotation speed of 15,000 rpm has been demonstrated during lab test. In this paper, we will introduce our research results major in the development of micro combustor and micro turbine test device.
Shan, X -C; Maeda, R; Sun, Y F; Wu, M; Hua, J S
A Control Strategy for Off-Grid Solar Photovoltaic Power System Based on MPPT Algorithm
Off-grid solar photovoltaic (PV) power system characteristics are used widely in many far-away areas during theses years. The new control strategy employs Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm. The maximum power point tracker is a high efficiency ... Keywords: off-grid solar photovoltaic power system, maximum power point tracking algorithm, perturbation and observation control method
Tianjian Wang; Xia Dang; Dong Liu
Risk-Based Management of Power Plant Equipment: Proceedings of the International Seminar, London, October 21 - 23, 2002
Research specialists, materials experts, plant engineers, senior managers, and numerous other experts from the fossil power industry presented papers at the proceedings of an international seminar targeting risk-based management of plant equipment. The focus of the seminar is the lack of national or international guidelines related to risk-based power plant assessments, reduction of maintenance-related costs, and a systematic approach for measuring the main plant risks in terms of plant safety. Held in L...
Power-cycle studies for a geothermal electric plant for MX operating bases
Binary geothermal plants were investigated for providing electrical power for MX missile bases. A number of pure hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon mixtures were evaluated as working fluids for geothermal resource temperatures of 365, 400, and 450/sup 0/F. Cycle thermodynamic analyses were conducted for pure geothermal plants and for two types of coal-geothermal hybrid plants. Cycle performance results were presented as net geofluid effectiveness (net plant output in watts per geofluid flow in 1 bm/hr) and cooling water makeup effectiveness (net plant output in watts per makeup water flow in 1 bm/hr). A working fluid containing 90% (mass) isobutane/10% hexane was selected, and plant statepoints and energy balances were determined for 20MW(e) geothermal plants at each of the three resource temperatures. Working fluid heaters and condensers were sized for these plants. It is concluded that for the advanced plants investigated, geothermal resources in the 365 to 450/sup 0/F range can provide useful energy for powering MX missile bases.
Bliem, C.J.; Kochan, R.J.
Adapting a GIS-Based Multicriteria Decision Analysis Approach for Evaluating New Power Generating Sites
There is a growing need to site new power generating plants that use cleaner energy sources due to increased regulations on air and water pollution and a sociopolitical desire to develop more clean energy sources. To assist utility and energy companies as well as policy-makers in evaluating potential areas for siting new plants in the contiguous United States, a geographic information system (GIS)-based multicriteria decision analysis approach is presented in this paper. The presented approach has led to the development of the Oak Ridge Siting Analysis for power Generation Expansion (OR-SAGE) tool. The tool takes inputs such as population growth, water availability, environmental indicators, and tectonic and geological hazards to provide an in-depth analysis for siting options. To the utility and energy companies, the tool can quickly and effectively provide feedback on land suitability based on technology specific inputs. However, the tool does not replace the required detailed evaluation of candidate sites. To the policy-makers, the tool provides the ability to analyze the impacts of future energy technology while balancing competing resource use.
Omitaomu, Olufemi A [ORNL; Blevins, Brandon R [ORNL; Jochem, Warren C [ORNL; Mays, Gary T [ORNL; Belles, Randy [ORNL; Hadley, Stanton W [ORNL; Harrison, Thomas J [ORNL; Bhaduri, Budhendra L [ORNL; Neish, Bradley S [ORNL; Rose, Amy N [ORNL
An Integrated Framework for Gas Turbine Based Power Plant Operational Modeling and Optimization .
??The deregulation of the electric power market introduced a strong element of competition. Power plant operators strive to develop advanced operational strategies to maximize the� (more)
Zhao, Yongjun
??Our interconnected electric power system is presently facing many challenges that it was not originally designed and engineered to handle. The increased interarea power transfers,� (more)
Nguyen, Cuong Phuc
Geothermal resource base of the world: a revision of the Electric Power Research Institute's estimate
Review of the Electric Power Research Institute's (EPRI) method for calculating the geothermal resource base of a country shows that modifications are needed for several of the assumptions used in the calculation. These modifications include: (1) separating geothermal belts into volcanic types with a geothermal gradient of 50{sup 0}C/km and complex types in which 80% of the area has a temperature gradient of 30{sup 0}C/km and 20% has a gradient of 45{sup 0}C/km, (2) using the actual mean annual temperature of a country rather than an assumed 15{sup 0}C average ambient temperature, and (3) making separate calculations for the resource stored in water/brine and that stored in rock. Comparison of this method (Revised EPRI) for calculating a geothermal resource base with other resource base estimates made from a heat flow map of Europe indicates that the technique yields reasonable values. The calculated geothermal resource bases, stored in water and rock to a depth of 5 km, for each country in the world are given. Approximately five times as much energy is stored in rock as is stored in water.
Aldrich, M.J.; Laughlin, A.W.; Gambill, D.T.
Ad-Hoc Self-Organized Microgrid for Rural Electrification and Post-disaster Response
This paper presents the concept for an ad-hoc self-organized micro grid based on moveable and renewable energy sources and fully distributed coordination between intelligent power routing nodes. The primary goal of the proposed architecture is to build ... Keywords: Smart Grid, Self-Organization, Ad-hoc Network
Amos Brocco
Combined cycle and waste heat recovery power systems based on a novel thermodynamic energy cycle utilizing low-temperature heat for power generation
A new thermodynamic energy cycle has been developed, using a multicomponent working agent. Condensation is supplemented with absorption, following expansion in the turbine. Several combined power systems based on this cycle have been designed and cost-estimated. Efficiencies of these new systems are 1.35 to 1.5 times higher than the best Rankine Cycle system, at the same border conditions. Investment cost per unit of power output is about two-thirds of the cost of a comparable Rankine Cycle system. Results make cogeneration economically attractive at current energy prices. The first experimental installation is planned by Fayette Manufacturing Company and Detroit Diesel Allison Division of General Motors.
Kalina, A.I.
Available transfer capability calculation with transfer based static security-constrained optimal power flow
In power market environment, available transfer capability (ATC) is an important index, indicating the amount of the further usable transmission capacity for commercial trading. ATC calculation is non-trivial when static security constraints are included. ... Keywords: available transfer capability (ATC), optimal power flow, power market, power system, static stability
M. Gandchi; M. Tarafdar Haque; A. Yazdanpanah
Power profile estimation and compiler-based software optimization for mobile devices
The complexity of mobile devices is continuously growing due to the increasing requirements on performance. In portable systems such as smart cards, not only performance is an important attribute, but also the power and energy consumed by a given application. ... Keywords: Power characterization, iterative compiling, peak reduction, power profile analysis, smart card systems, software power optimization
Matthias Grumer; Manuel Wendt; Christian Steger; Reinhold Weiss; Ulrich Neffe; Andreas Muehlberger
IEC 61400-25 protocol based monitoring and control protocol for tidal current power plant
Wind energy and tidal current power have a common operation principle. Tidal current power converts kinetic energy of fluid to electric power. The communication infrastructure is very important to control the system and to monitor the working conditions ... Keywords: IEC 61400-25, monitoring, remote control, tidal current power
Jung Woo Kim; Hong Hee Lee
A simulation based real options approach for the investment evaluation of nuclear power
The investment of nuclear power has several uncertainties. This paper establishes a nuclear power investment evaluation model by employing real options theory with Monte Carlo method to evaluate the value of nuclear power plant from the perspective of ... Keywords: Least Squares Monte-Carlo, Nuclear accident, Nuclear power investment, Price mechanism, Real options
Lei Zhu
The design of new wind power controller based on Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage
The fluctuation and intermittent with wind power output, as a key factor to connect a large-scale wind power system to grid, which result s in an adverse impact on the power system continues to grow. In order to reduce the net stability impact of the ... Keywords: Wind Farm, Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage, Wind Power, Applied Superconductivity
Zhou Xue-Song; Quan Bo; Ma You-Jie; Wu Le
Original Article: Simulation-based weight factor selection and FPGA prediction core implementation for finite-set model based predictive control of power electronics
Model-based predictive control (MBPC) for power-electronic converters offers fast and accurate control. Based on the prediction of the future system states the optimal control input sequence is obtained by calculating a cost for each sequence. The control ... Keywords: FPGA, Multilevel inverters, Parallel calculation, Pipelining, Predictive control
Thomas J. Vyncke, Steven Thielemans, Jan A. A. Melkebeek
Seminar on Aspects of Planning and Implementing a Nuclear Power Program: A Simulation-Based Exercise
Countries worldwide are considering developing or expanding existing nuclear power programs to meet growing energy demand, to reduce reliance on declining domestic and foreign-based oil supplies, , and to limit the effects of climate change. Safe, secure and sustainable operation of these new reactors will require extensive planning and preparation, possibly as much as ten to 15 years before the first nuclear plant an be brought online, particularly in countries with little nuclear infrastructure in place. The planning and preparation will focus on development of the technical, legal, regulatory and human resources needed to support a nuclear power program. Countries and institutions that can provide technical assistance are already coordinating activities and leveraging resources to ensure these nascent nuclear needs are met cost-effectively. To this end, the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) is hosting seminars aimed at helping countries make more informed decisions about key nuclear safety, security and nonproliferation issues. This paper discusses the challenges associated with infrastructure development, particularly in countries with limited infrastructure, and summarizes the outcomes of the seminars NNSA has held to date .
Apt, Kenneth E.; Bissani, Mo; Morris, Frederic A.; Frazar, Sarah L.; Mathews, Caroline E.; Kessler, Carol E.; Hund, Gretchen; Kreyling, Sean J.; Essner, Jonathan; Vergino, Eileen; Li, Sheng T.
A knowledge-based method for making restoration plan of bulk power system
In this paper a knowledge-based method is proposed for use in event of power system outages. This method uses general-purpose restoration knowledge not dependent on pre-outage system states in order to generate post-restoration target systems in which post-outage systems are taken as initial states. Conventionally post-outage system states are formed to emulate as closely as possible pre-outage system states, with system operations performed only within blackout systems. Therefore, depending on the amount of pre-outage load, some outage loads may be experienced in the restored system. Proposed here is a method by which system operations in both blackout systems and sound systems are combined according to the amount of load in the pre-outage systems, so that post-restoration system states with minimal outage loads from post-outage systems will be generated. A prototype system incorporating actual power systems and utilizing this method was built and tested under simulated conditions. The effectiveness of the proposed system is discussed on the basis of the test results.
Shimakura, K.; Inagaki, J.; Matsunoki, Y. (Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo (Japan). Faculty of Science); Ito, M.; Fukui, S.; Hori, S. (Mitsubishi Electric Corp., 1-1-2 Wadasaki-cho, Hyogo-ku, Kobe (JP))
Neural-net based real-time economic dispatch for thermal power plants
This paper proposes the application of artificial neural networks to real-time optimal generation dispatch of thermal units. The approach can take into account the operational requirements and network losses. The proposed economic dispatch uses an artificial neural network (ANN) for generation of penalty factors, depending on the input generator powers and identified system load change. Then, a few additional iterations are performed within an iterative computation procedure for the solution of coordination equations, by using reference-bus penalty-factors derived from the Newton-Raphson load flow. A coordination technique for environmental and economic dispatch of pure thermal systems, based on the neural-net theory for simplified solution algorithms and improved man-machine interface is introduced. Numerical results on two test examples show that the proposed algorithm can efficiently and accurately develop optimal and feasible generator output trajectories, by applying neural-net forecasts of system load patterns.
Djukanovic, M.; Milosevic, B. [Inst. Nikola Tesla, Belgrade (Yugoslavia). Dept. of Power Systems; Calovic, M. [Univ. of Belgrade (Yugoslavia). Dept. of Electrical Engineering; Sobajic, D.J. [Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, CA (United States)
Probability-Based Software for Grid Optimization: Improved Power System Operations Using Advanced Stochastic Optimization
GENI Project: Sandia National Laboratories is working with several commercial and university partners to develop software for market management systems (MMSs) that enable greater use of renewable energy sources throughout the grid. MMSs are used to securely and optimally determine which energy resources should be used to service energy demand across the country. Contributions of electricity to the grid from renewable energy sources such as wind and solar are intermittent, introducing complications for MMSs, which have trouble accommodating the multiple sources of price and supply uncertainties associated with bringing these new types of energy into the grid. Sandia�s software will bring a new, probability-based formulation to account for these uncertainties. By factoring in various probability scenarios for electricity production from renewable energy sources in real time, Sandia�s formula can reduce the risk of inefficient electricity transmission, save ratepayers money, conserve power, and support the future use of renewable energy.
A novel extension neural network based partial discharge pattern recognition method for high-voltage power apparatus
This paper proposes a novel partial discharge (PD) pattern recognition method based on extension neural network (ENN) using fractal features. Five types of defect models are well-designed on the base of investigation of power apparatus failures. A PD ... Keywords: Extension distance, Extension neural network, Fractal feature, Partial discharge, Pattern recognition
Hung-Cheng Chen; Feng-Chang Gu; Meng-Hui Wang
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS, VOL. 19, NO. 4, NOVEMBER 2004 1903 Analysis and Implementation of Model-Based Linear
and dynamic symmetrical components in energy processing systems. The procedure is based on the Kalman filter and experimental re- sults on model-based linear estimation of dynamic phasors and dy- namic symmetrical components a Kalman filter is used to detect problems in energy supply to an uninterruptible power supply (UPS
Stankoviæ, Aleksandar
Progress in carbon dioxide capture and separation research for gasification-based power generation point sources
The purpose of the present work is to investigate novel approaches, materials, and molecules for the abatement of carbon dioxide (CO2) at the pre-combustion stage of gasification-based power generation point sources. The capture/separation step for CO2 from large point sources is a critical one with respect to the technical feasibility and cost of the overall carbon sequestration scenario. For large point sources, such as those found in power generation, the carbon dioxide capture techniques being investigated by the Office of Research and Development of the National Energy Technology Laboratory possess the potential for improved efficiency and reduced costs as compared to more conventional technologies. The investigated techniques can have wide applications, but the present research is focused on the capture/separation of carbon dioxide from fuel gas (precombustion gas) from processes such as the Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) process. For such applications, novel concepts are being developed in wet scrubbing with physical sorption, chemical sorption with solid sorbents, and separation by membranes. In one concept, a wet scrubbing technique is being investigated that uses a physical solvent process to remove CO2 from fuel gas of an IGCC system at elevated temperature and pressure. The need to define an �ideal� solvent has led to the study of the solubility and mass transfer properties of various solvents. Pertaining to another separation technology, fabrication techniques and mechanistic studies for membranes separating CO2 from the fuel gas produced by coal gasification are also being performed. Membranes that consist of CO2-philic ionic liquids encapsulated into a polymeric substrate have been investigated for permeability and selectivity. Finally, processes based on dry, regenerable sorbents are additional techniques for CO2 capture from fuel gas. An overview of these novel techniques is presented along with a research progress status of technologies related to membranes and physical solvents.
Pennline, H.; Luebke, D.; Jones, K.; Myers, C.; Morsi, B.; Heintz, Y.; Ilconich, J.
Analysis and experimental results of a single-stage high-power-factor electronic ballast based on flyback converter
A new single-stage high-power-factor electronic ballast based on a flyback converter is presented in this paper. The ballast is able to supply a fluorescent lamp assuring a high-input power factor for the utility line. Other features are lamp power regulation against line voltage variations and low lamp current crest factor, both assuring long lamp life. The ballast is analyzed at steady-state operation, and design equations and characteristics are obtained. Also, a procedure for the ballast design is presented. Finally, simulation and experimental results from a laboratory prototype are shown.
Calleja, A.J.; Alonso, J.M.; Lopez, E.; Ribas, J.; Martinez, J.A.; Rico-Secades, M.
Agent-based electrical power management model for houses equipped with storage battery and photovoltaic units
Smart grid systems have been actively discussed to realize a sustainable and a low-carbon society that efficiently consumes electric power and to introduce photovoltaic power generation, i.e., renewable energy or electric vehicles. In this study, we ...
Ryo Kanamori; Takayuki Ito; Nobuyasu Mizutani
An air-breathing, portable thermoelectric power generator based on a microfabricated silicon combustor
The global consumer demand for portable electronic devices is increasing. The emphasis on reducing size and weight has put increased pressure on the power density of available power storage and generation options, which ...
Marton, Christopher Henry
To forecast short-term load in electric power system based on FNN
Electric power system load forecasting plays an important part in the Energy Management System (EMS), which has a great effect on the operating, controlling and planning of power system. Accurate load forecasting, especially short-term load forecasting, ...
Yueli Hu; Huijie Ji; Xiaolong Song
Electric load information system based on non-intrusive power monitoring
Obtaining high quality information economically and reliably is always a difficult objective to achieve. The electric power industry and consumers recently face many challenges, such as deregulation, autonomous power systems ...
Lee, Kwangduk Douglas, 1970-
Power system voltage stability and agent based distribution automation in smart grid
Our interconnected electric power system is presently facing many challenges that it was not originally designed and engineered to handle. The increased inter-area power transfers, aging infrastructure, and old technologies, have caused many problems ...
Cuong Phuc Nguyen / Alexander J. Flueck
Voltage quality behaviour of a wind turbine based Remote Area Power System
The power quality behaviour of a Remote Area Power System (RAPS) consisting of a Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG), its main loads and a dummy load is presented in this paper. The dummy load is used to maintain the power balance of the system under ...
Nishad Mendis; Kashem M. Muttaqi; Sarath Perera
Static Analysis on the Detached Column Substructure of Offshore Wind Power Based on Ansys
With the rapid development of wind power technology, offshore wind power has become one of the hottest topics in the world�s energy field. Basic research on wind power attracts more and more attention. This paper uses Ansys software to do static ... Keywords: ansys, etached column, extreme environmental loads, static analysis
Li Fenhua; Guo Weizhao; Liu Yuan; Xing Jian
Circular Economy Assessment for Coal-fired Power Plants Based on Supper-Efficiency DEA Model
Coal-fired power plants are the main pollution source in most areas of China. The implementation of circular economy in coal-fired power plants is necessary for environmental protection and also an effective way of energy saving and emission reduction. ... Keywords: circular economy assessment, circular economy improvement, coal-fired power plant, super-efficiency data envelopment analysis
Shao-lun Zeng; Hong Hu; Wei Wang
The Simulation of Doubly Fed Induction Generators Accessing Gansu Jiajiu Power Grid Based on PSASP
Due to the asynchronous generator has many negative factors such as large power fluctuation, poor transient performance, low energy efficiency, etc. The doubly fed induction generator(DFIG) is becoming a popular concept and thus the modeling of DFIG ... Keywords: double fed induction generator, decoupling control, power flow, power system transient stability, PSASP/UD
Wei Wei; Wang Yu-Hong; Li Xing-yuan; Deng Jing
PEV-based Reactive Power Compensation for Wind DG Units: A Stackelberg Game Approach
turbine's inductive load to ensure a stable voltage profile in the system. Since reactive power can only from the load centers, DG units will speed up the revolution of providing power on site with little unit. Reactive power compensa- tion is needed since the load is not pure resistive and may include
Wu, Chenye
Fuzzy rule-based methodology for residential load behaviour forecasting during power systems restoration
Inadequate load pickup during power system restoration can lead to overload and underfrequency conditions, and even restart the blackout process, due to thermal energy losses. Thus, load behaviour estimation during restoration is desirable to avoid inadequate ... Keywords: artificial intelligence, energy management systems, fuzzy logic, load behaviour estimation, power system distribution, power system restoration, residential load forecasting, thermostatically controlled loads
Lia Toledo Moreira Mota; Alexandre Assis Mota; Andre Luiz Morelato Franca
A variable speed wind generator maximum power tracking based on adaptative neuro-fuzzy inference system
The power from wind varies depending on the environmental factors. Many methods have been proposed to locate and track the maximum power point (MPPT) of the wind, such as the fuzzy logic (FL), artificial neural network (ANN) and neuro-fuzzy. In this ... Keywords: ANFIS, MPPT, Power generation, Variable speed wind generator, Wind energy
A. Meharrar; M. Tioursi; M. Hatti; A. Boudgh�ne Stambouli
North American Power Symposium NAPS, San Luis Obispo, California, October 1999. Web-based Computing for Power System Applications
. A web-based distributed application for short-term load forecasting is proposed, implemented and tested applications. Keywords: Web-computing, distributed processing, Java, SCADA EMS, short-term load forecasting. I-term load forecasting program is discussed and an example is run to demonstrate the feasibility
Cañizares, Claudio A.
Enhanced-safety underground nuclear power plants based on the use of proven ship-building equipment and technology
Investigations performed in the last few years by the State Science Center of the Russian Federation - Academician A. N. Krylov Central Scientific-Research Institute, together with specialized enterprises of the Ministry of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation, Sudprom, and other agencies of Russia, have shown the promise of marine nuclear power plants for producing underground nuclear power plants with a higher degree of protection from external and internal actions of different intensity. The concept was developed on the basis of an analysis of the energy supply in different regions of Russia and the near-abroad using fossil fuels (lignite, oil, natural gas). The change in the international environment, which makes it possible to convert the military technology, frees the industrial potential and skilled workers in Russia for development of products for the national economy. Stricter international standards and rules for increased safety and protection of nuclear power plants made it necessary to develop a new generation of reactors for ground-based power plants, which under the modern economic conditions cannot be implemented within the time periods acceptable for economics for most of the countries surrounding Russia. In the development of a new generation of ground-based nuclear power plants, the intense improvement of the aviation and space technology must be taken into account. This is connected with the increase in the catastrophes and the threat they present to the safety of unprotected power plants. This article is an abstract of the entire report.
Pashin, V.M.; Petrov, E.L.; Khazov, B.S.
Environmental externalities: An ASEAN application to coal-based power generation. Extract
Significant benefits to human health that result from emissions control programs may justify the costs of pollution control policies. Many scientists, economists, risk analysts, and policymakers believe that comparisons of the benefits with the costs of pollution control demonstrate that the US stationary source, air emissions control program is justified. This justification is based upon pronounced benefits to human health, especially from controlling suspended particulates and sulfur compounds. Market decisions are usually made on the basis of a consideration of traditional costs such as capital, operating and maintenance, fuel costs, and fixed charges. Social costs, which could be significant, are not incorporated explicitly into such decisions. These social costs could result in a net reduction in the welfare of individuals, and of society as a whole. Because these social costs and their effects are not represented in the price of energy, individual have no way to explicitly value them; hence, they remain unaccounted for in market decisions. By accounting for external costs, the selection of energy sources and production of energy products can lead to and equilibrium, where the total cost of energy and energy products, together with resulting social costs, can be brought to an economic minimum. The concept of an air emissions control program is of interest to the ASEAN countries (Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand) and their governments, especially if such a program could be justified in cost-benefit terms and shown to be directly applicable to ASEAN conditions. It is the intent of the effort described herein to demonstrate that technical options are available to control emissions from coal-based, electric power plants and that that costs of these options may be justified in cost-benefit terms.
Szpunar, C.B.; Gillette, J.L.
The development of low cost LiFePO4-based high power lithium-ion batteries
development of low cost LiFePO4-based high power lithium-ion batteries development of low cost LiFePO4-based high power lithium-ion batteries Title The development of low cost LiFePO4-based high power lithium-ion batteries Publication Type Journal Article Year of Publication 2005 Authors Striebel, Kathryn A., Joongpyo Shim, Azucena Sierra, Hui Yang, Xiangyun Song, Robert Kostecki, and Kathryn N. McCarthy Journal Journal of Power Sources Volume 146 Pagination 33-38 Keywords libob, lifepo4, lithium-ion, post-test, raman spectroscopy Abstract Pouch type LiFePO4-natural graphite lithium-ion cells were cycled at constant current with periodic pulse-power testing in several different configurations. Components were analyzed after cycling with electrochemical, Raman and TEM techniques to determine capacity fade mechanisms. The cells with carbon-coated current collectors in the cathode and LiBOB-salt electrolyte showed the best performance stability. In many cases, iron species were detected on the anodes removed from cells with both TEM and Raman spectroscopy. The LiFePO4 electrodes showed unchanged capacity suggesting that the iron is migrating in small quantities and is acting as a catalyst to destabilize the anode SEI in these cells.
Power management strategy based on adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system for fuel cell-battery hybrid vehicle
A power management strategy based on an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system is proposed to enhance the fuel economy of fuel cell-battery hybrid vehicle and increase the mileage of continuation of journey. The model of hybrid vehicle for fuel cell-battery structure is developed by electric vehicle simulation software advisor. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy can satisfy the power requirement of four standard drive cycles and achieve the power distribution between fuel cell system and battery. The comprehensive comparisons with a power tracking control strategy which is widely adopted in advisor verify that the proposed strategy has better validity in terms of fuel economy in four standard drive cycles. Hence
Qi Li; Weirong Chen; Shukui Liu; Zhiyu You; Shiyong Tao; Yankun Li
Thermodynamic Modeling and Analysis of the Ratio of Heat to Power Based on a Conceptual CHP System
The CHP system not only produces electrical energy, but also produces thermal energy. An extensive analysis of the CHP market reveals that one of the most important engineering characteristics is flexibility. A variable heat-to-power ratio has compelling advantages over a fixed one and enables a power plant to achieve reliability and flexibility, which are very important characteristics for a CHP system. In this paper, a conceptual SOFC/GT CHP system is presented. The parameters' effect on the variable heat-to-power ratio is investigated. As SOFC reactors are still under development, a flexible simulation tool based on mass and energy balances coupled with appropriate expressions for the reaction kinetics, thermodynamic constants and material properties, is presented for adaptation to different cell geometries and operating conditions. Simulation results show that the SOFC/GT CHP system's advantage over the engine is that a low stack running temperature can achieve a low heat-to- power ratio.
Liu, Z.; Li, X.; Liu, Z.
Power control architectures for cold cathode fluorescent lamp and light emitting diode based light sources.
?? In this dissertation, two different energy efficient power supply topologies are introduced for controlling cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) and high-brightness light emitting diode� (more)
Doshi, Montu V.
A new multi-motor drive system based on two-stage direct power converter.
??The two-stage AC to AC direct power converter is an alternative matrix converter topology, which offers the benefits of sinusoidal input currents and output voltages,� (more)
Kumar, Dinesh
Journal of Power Sources 158 (2006) 6068 High throughput evaluation of perovskite-based anode catalysts
.R. Narayanan, E. Vamos, H. Frank, G. Halpert, A. LaConti, J. Kosek, G.K. Surya Prakash, G.A. Olah, J. Power
Mukasyan, Alexander
Enhanced control of DFIG-based wind power plants to comply with the international grid codes.
??A review of the latest international grid codes shows that large wind power plants are stipulated to not only ride-through various fault conditions, but also� (more)
Mohseni, Mansour
Intelligent Condition Assessment of Power Transformer Based on Data Mining Techniques.
??In recent years, the trade-off between quality and cost of power system components has become a matter of interest for many utilities. The widespread use� (more)
Tahir, Monsef
Abstract--Market based contracting introduces increased competition in the power industry, and creates a need for
electric market. Deregulation exposes GENCOs to risks and uncertainties. Electric energy sales by a GENCO? The framework for the analysis is a simplified day-ahead auction where the market is cleared one day in advance1 Abstract-- Market based contracting introduces increased competition in the power industry
Berleant, Daniel
Wavelet-based multi-resolution analysis and artificial neural networks for forecasting temperature and thermal power consumption
a novel technique for electric load forecasting based on neural weather compensation. They proposed in the context of short or long-term load forecasting and power utilities management. The complex and nonlinear-term load forecasting. They concluded that the just-mentioned tools can be good candidates
Power and accuracy trade-offs in sound-based context recognition systems
This paper presents an empirical design methodology to optimize a context recognition system with respect to a trade-off between power consumption and recognition performance rather than straightforward maximization of the recognition rate. As illustration, ... Keywords: Activity detection, Context recognition, Power awareness, Sound analysis, Wearable computing
Mathias St�ger; Paul Lukowicz; Gerhard Tr�ster
A Local Model Networks Based Multivariable Long-Range Predictive Control Strategy for Thermal Power Plants
Load-cycling operation of thermal power plants leads to changes in operating point right across the whole operating range. This results in non-linear variations in most of the plant variables. This paper investigates methods to account for non-linearities ... Keywords: Constrained multivariable control, local model networks, long range predictive control, thermal power plant boiler
Monitoring-based temporal prediction of power entities in smart grid cities
This paper develops prediction models for groundwater and wind speed in smart grid cities, where the gradual penetration of electric vehicles keeps increasing load in its power system. As a major consumption source and a renewable energy source, water ... Keywords: artificial neural network, electric vehicle, groundwater, smart grid city, wind power
Junghoon Lee; Seong Baeg Kim; Gyung-Leen Park; Chan Jung Park
Research on Resource Value Flow Accounting Based on Circular Economy for Coal-fired Power Plant
This paper presents the methodology of resource value flow accounting developed for a study which combined material flow analysis?MFA? for the coal-fired power generation plant, in order to shed light on concepts such as resource productivity ... Keywords: Circular economy, Coal-fired power plant, Material flow analysis, Resource value flow accounting
Xie Zhiming; Yi Xuan
Formal Analysis and Validation of ContinuousTime Markov Chain based System Level Power Management Strategies
. The system is usually specified as state transition system, with probability measures on the rate profile of the system by putting its components into power/energy states which are suf ficient to meet to a single lower power state) of the system. Stochastic optimum control is a well researched area [1, 23, 2
Oxford, University of
Using SVM based method for equipment fault detection in a thermal power plant
Due to the growing demand on electricity, how to improve the efficiency of equipment in a thermal power plant has become one of the critical issues. Reports indicate that efficiency and availability are heavily dependant upon high reliability and maintainability. ... Keywords: Classification, Data mining, Maintenance, Support vector machines, Thermal power
Kai-Ying Chen; Long-Sheng Chen; Mu-Chen Chen; Chia-Lung Lee
Improved taguchi method based contracted capacity optimization for power consumer with self-owned generating units
The paper proposes an improved Taguchi method to determine the best capacity contracts and dispatch the power output of the self-owned generating units from almost infinite combinations. To be achieved are savings of total power expenses of the consumers ... Keywords: capacity contracts, improved Taguchi method, self-owned generating units
Hong-Tzer Yang; Pai-Chun Peng; Chung-His Huang
Bus optimization for low-power data path synthesis based on network flow method
Sub-micron feature sizes have resulted in a considerable portion of power to be dissipated on the buses, causing an increased attention on savings for power at the behavioral level and RT level of design. This paper addresses the problem of minimizing ...
Sungpack Hong; Taewhan Kim
Major consideration and effort has gone into the selection of locations for wind power plants with relatively high wind speed which is relatively near the place of energy demand. The reason is that as wind speed increases, collectable energy from the wind increases by the third power. That is, in a location with 20 % higher wind speed, it is possible to generate 73 % more power. If 50 % higher wind velocity is available, 300 % more power and energy can be generated. The �father of modern day wind power�, William Heronemus, former US Nuclear Navy officer, Engineering Professor of the University of Massachusetts, recognized this and therefore proposed offshore wind power plants which helped launch the wind industry in 1972 with his landmark paper (Ref. 1). However, subsequent studies in the US and Europe found that proposed large diameter windmills in offshore installations are relatively uneconomic (Ref. 2, 3) due to a number of unavoidable characteristic features. Recently, Danish wind power firms are finding reasonably promising economic performance when such turbines are limited to very shallow water of 3-5 meters near land where no platform is required to support them (Ref. 4 & 5). However, ENECO�s Wind Amplified Rotor Platform (WARP TM) technology when applied in spar buoy design configuration has exceptional features and benefits desired by an offshore wind power plant:
Dr. David; L. Rainey; Alfred L. Weisbrich
Power management of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles using neural network based trip modeling
The plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), utilizing more battery power, has become a next-generation HEV with great promise of higher fuel economy. Global optimization charge-depletion power management would be desirable. This has so far been hampered ...
Qiuming Gong; Yaoyu Li; Zhongren Peng
Power Transformer Fault Diagnosis Based on Integrated of Rough Set Theory and Evidence Theory
When using chromatography data analysis in diagnosis of power transformer fault, fault information cannot be make full use, which can't effectively discover knowledge hidden in data. In this paper a method integreted of rough set theory and evidence ... Keywords: Rough Set, Evidence Theory, Power Transformer, Fault Diagnosis
Zhou Ai-Hua, Yao Yi, Song Hong, Zeng Xiao-Hui
Extreme learning machine based wind speed estimation and sensorless control for wind turbine power generation system
This paper proposes a precise real-time wind speed estimation method and sensorless control for variable-speed variable-pitch wind turbine power generation system (WTPGS). The wind speed estimation is realized by a nonlinear input-output mapping extreme ... Keywords: Extreme learning machine, Sensorless control, Wind speed estimation, Wind turbine power generation system
Si Wu; Youyi Wang; Shijie Cheng
Analysis and Optimization of the Power Cycle Based on the Cold Energy of Liquefied Natural Gas
Liquid natural gas (LNG) delivered by sea-ships contains considerable cryogenic energy which can be used for power generation before its evaporation and introduction into the system of pipe line. Electric power generation utilizing LNG cold energy is ... Keywords: liquefied natural gast, cold energy recovery, pinch analysis, exergy, optimization
Lu Yuanwei; Yang Hongchang; Ma Chongfang
Modular photonic power and VCSEL-based data links for aerospace and military applications
If photonic data and power transfer links are constructed in a modular fashion, they can be easily adapted into various forms to meet a wide range of needs for aerospace and military applications. The performance specifications associated with these needs can vary widely according to application. Alignment tolerance needs also tend to vary greatly, as can requirements on power consumption. An example of a modular photonic data and/or power transfer link that can be applied to military and aerospace needs is presented. In this approach, a link is designed for low (<10 kb/s) data rates, ultra-low electrical power consumption, large alignment tolerance, and power transfer to provide complete electrical shielding in a remote module that might be found in a military or aerospace application.
Carson, R.F.
Combinational logic optimization for low power using implication-based transformations
The demand for portable equipment has increased the emphasis on low-power designs. Higher power consumption results in shorter battery-lifetime of portable electronic devices. As a result larger batteries are required for a reasonable operational time and this reduces the portability of the devices. There are several techniques which reduce power consumption during design of a it. This work presents one such technique which is applicable to a gate-level design. A combinational logic optimizer, Minpower, which reduces power consumption is presented. Heuristics and methods which help in guiding the optimization procedure towards a circuit with minimal power cost will be presented. Finally, experimental results on the ISCAS85 benchmark set and a comparision with various other techniques will be presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique.
Swarna, Madhukiran V.
Carbon Dioxide Capture and Separation Techniques for Gasification-based Power Generation Point Sources
The capture/separation step for carbon dioxide (CO2) from large-point sources is a critical one with respect to the technical feasibility and cost of the overall carbon sequestration scenario. For large-point sources, such as those found in power generation, the carbon dioxide capture techniques being investigated by the in-house research area of the National Energy Technology Laboratory possess the potential for improved efficiency and reduced costs as compared to more conventional technologies. The investigated techniques can have wide applications, but the research has focused on capture/separation of carbon dioxide from flue gas (post-combustion from fossil fuel-fired combustors) and from fuel gas (precombustion, such as integrated gasification combined cycle or IGCC). With respect to fuel gas applications, novel concepts are being developed in wet scrubbing with physical absorption; chemical absorption with solid sorbents; and separation by membranes. In one concept, a wet scrubbing technique is being investigated that uses a physical solvent process to remove CO2 from fuel gas of an IGCC system at elevated temperature and pressure. The need to define an ideal solvent has led to the study of the solubility and mass transfer properties of various solvents. Pertaining to another separation technology, fabrication techniques and mechanistic studies for membranes separating CO2 from the fuel gas produced by coal gasification are also being performed. Membranes that consist of CO2-philic ionic liquids encapsulated into a polymeric substrate have been investigated for permeability and selectivity. Finally, dry, regenerable processes based on sorbents are additional techniques for CO2 capture from fuel gas. An overview of these novel techniques is presented along with a research progress status of technologies related to membranes and physical solvents.
Pennline, H.W.; Luebke, D.R.; Jones, K.L.; Morsi, B.I. (Univ. of Pittsburgh, PA); Heintz, Y.J. (Univ. of Pittsburgh, PA); Ilconich, J.B. (Parsons)
Nuclear power: least cost option for base-load electricity in Finland
As a result of the outstanding operating experience and the low electricity production costs of the existing Finnish nuclear power plants, energy-intensive process industries in particular have a strong belief in nuclear power. There is a potential interest in building more nuclear capacity, the fifth unit, in order to guarantee for Finnish industry the availability of cheap electrical energy in the future. In any case more baseload generation capacity will be needed by 2010 to meet the future growth of electricity consumption in Finland. Nuclear power generation matches excellently with the long-duration load profile of the Finnish power system. The good performance of Finnish nuclear power has yielded benefits also to consumers through its contribution to decreasing the electricity price. Furthermore, the introduction of nuclear power has resulted in a clear drop in the carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation during the 1970s and 1980s, as shown in Figure 1. In 1999 the four Finnish nuclear power units at Loviisa and Olkiluoto generated 22.1 TWh of electricity, roughly equivalent to one third of the total
Risto Tarjanne; Sauli Rissanen
The cycling performance of low-cost LiFePO4-based high-power lithium-ion cells was investigated and the components were analyzed after cycling to determine capacity fade mechanisms. Pouch type LiFePO4/natural graphite cells were assembled and evaluated by constant C/2 cycling, pulse-power and impedance measurements. From post-test electrochemical analysis after cycling, active materials, LiFePO4 and natural graphite, showed no degradation structurally or electrochemically. The main reasons for the capacity fade of cell were lithium inventory loss by side reaction and possible lithium deposition on the anode.
Shim, Joongpyo; Sierra, Azucena; Striebel, Kathryn A.
2304 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY, VOL. 55, NO. 5, MAY 2009 Service-Outage-Based Power and Rate Control for
and the receiver and use the channel state information (CSI) to dynamically adapt transmit power and rate according function. The service-outage-based power and rate allocation problem is stated below. In the following, we.g., wireless RF communication, dynamic allocation of resources, e.g., transmit power and in- formation rate
Franceschetti, Massimo
An Integrated Power Pack of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell and Li Battery Based on Double-Sided TiO2 Nanotube Arrays
An Integrated Power Pack of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell and Li Battery Based on Double-Sided TiO2 harvest and storage processes. This power pack incorporates a series-wound dye- sensitized solar cell material.11,15 Compared with other integrated solar power supplies,16,17 double-sided TiO2 NTs with large
Wang, Zhong L.
A multidiscipline and multi-rate modeling framework for planar solid-oxide fuel cell based power-conditioning system for vehicular APU
We develop a numerical modeling framework for planar solid-oxide fuel cell (PSOFC) based vehicular auxiliary power unit (APU). The power-conditioning system (PCS) model comprises the comprehensive transient models of PSOFC, balance-of-plant and power-electronics ...
Sudip K. Mazumder; Sanjaya Pradhan; Joseph Hartvigsen; Diego Rancruel; Michael R. von Spakovsky; Moe Khaleel
Evaluation of the Trade-Off between Power Consumption and Performance in Bluetooth Based Systems
To further increase the applicability of Bluetooth in real appli- cations, reducing the energy consumption and hardware cost are important research topics. In this paper we examine the trade-off between power consumption and performance for our experimen- ...
Juan-Carlos Cano; Jose-Manuel Cano; Carlos Calafate; Eva Gonzalez; Pietro Manzoni
Control of a Powered Ankle�Foot Prosthesis Based on a Neuromuscular Model
Control schemes for powered ankle-foot prostheses rely upon fixed torque-ankle state relationships obtained from measurements of intact humans walking at target speeds and across known terrains. Although effective at their ...
Geyer, Hartmut
MW-class hybrid power system based on planar solid oxide stack...
148 BOP Total 900,830 290 155,220 Power conditioning 50 Recuperators 99,314 32 Instrumentation and controls 93,130 30 Piping and valves 93,130 30 System Factory Cost...
Insulating fault diagnosis of XLPE power cables using multi-parameter based on artificial neural networks
An online monitoring system of XLPE power cables was introduced in the research at first. It could detect the parameters, including partial discharge, dielectric loss, and central insulation resistance and sheathing resistance. The BP artificial neural ...
Xiaolin Chen; Yonghong Cheng; Zhelei Zhu; Bo Yue; Xiaojun Xie
Optimization and hybridization of membrane-based oxy-combustion power plants
This thesis considers the optimization and hybridization of advanced zero emissions power (AZEP) cycles. More specifically, existing flowsheets for zero and partial emissions are optimized, and new integration schemes with ...
Gunasekaran, Surekha
Power-Optimal Scheduling for a Green Base Station with Delay Constraints
renewable energy such as solar or wind energy as well as conventional sources like diesel generators by renewable energy sources, e.g. solar/wind energy and may also be connected to the power grid or diesel
Sharma, Vinod
Design of a power scheduler based on the heuristic for preemptive appliances
This paper presents a design and evaluates the performance of a power consumption scheduler in smart grid homes, aiming at reducing the peak load in individual homes or buildings with reasonable computation time. Following the task model consisting of ...
Junghoon Lee; Gyung-Leen Park; Min-Jae Kang; Ho-Young Kwak; Sang Joon Lee
Plant-Wide Performance and Cost Analysis of ITM-Based IGCC Power Generation Systems
The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), in conjunction with Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. (AP), and WorleyParsons, Inc. (WP), has reviewed and modeled integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) systems. IGCC is a method of burning coal in which the coal is gasified, creating a synthetic gas, or �syngas.� After being cleaned�including potentially of carbon dioxide (CO2)�this syngas can be used in a traditional combined cycle to produce power. This ...
The design of future central receiver power plants based on lessons learned from the Solar One Pilot Plant
The 10-MW{sub e} Solar One Pilot Plant was the world's largest solar central receiver power plant. During its power production years it delivered over 37,000 MWhrs (net) to the utility grid. In this type of electric power generating plant, large sun-tracking mirrors called heliostats reflect and concentrate sunlight onto a receiver mounted on top a of a tower. The receiver transforms the solar energy into thermal energy that heats water, turning it into superheated steam that drives a turbine to generate electricity. The Solar One Pilot Plant successfully demonstrated the feasibility of generating electricity with a solar central receiver power plant. During the initial 2 years the plant was tested and 4 years the plant was operated as a power plant, a great deal of data was collected relating to the efficiency and reliability of the plant's various systems. This paper summarizes these statistics and compares them to goals developed by the US Department of Energy. Based on this comparison, improvements in the design and operation of future central receiver plants are recommended. Research at Sandia National Laboratories and the US utility industry suggests that the next generation of central receiver power plants will use a molten salt heat transfer fluid rather than water/steam. Sandia has recently completed the development of the hardware needed in a molten salt power plant. Use of this new technology is expected to solve many of the performance problems encountered at Solar One. Projections for the energy costs from these future central receiver plants are also presented. For reference, these projections are compared to the current energy costs from the SEGS parabolic trough plants now operating in Southern California.
Kolb, G.J.
On the Use of Wavelet-Based Denoising to Improve Power Delay Profile Estimates from 1.8 GHz Indoor Wideband Measurements
This work presents an alternative processing scheme to improve measurement-based power delay profiles (PDP) estimates, using wavelet-based denoising. The usual PDP processing comprises cutting off all the data below a previously determined flat noise ... Keywords: 1.8 GHz, indoor wideband channel, measurements, power delay profile, wavelet denoising
M. H. Dias; G. L. Siqueira
High Pressure Coolant Injection (HPCI) System Risk-Based Inspection Guide for Browns Ferry Nuclear Power Station
The High Pressure Coolant Injection (HPCI) system has been examined from a risk perspective. A System Risk-Based Inspection Guide (S-RIG) has been developed as an aid to HPCI system inspections at the Browns Ferry Nuclear Power Plant, Units 1, 2 and 3. The role of. the HPCI system in mitigating accidents is discussed in this S-RIG, along with insights on identified risk-based failure modes which could prevent proper operation of the system. The S-RIG provides a review of industry-wide operating experience, including plant-specific illustrative examples to augment the PRA and operational considerations in identifying a catalogue of basic PRA failure modes for the HPCI system. It is designed to be used as a reference for routine inspections, self-initiated safety system functional inspections (SSFIs), and the evaluation of risk significance of component failures at the nuclear power plant.
Wong, S.; DiBiasio, A.; Gunther, W. [Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (United States)
Experience Based Interview Process for Power Plant Management: With a Pilot Application to Aging of Outage Support Equipment
Plant managers are responsible for ensuring that their facilities meet strategic asset management goals in an increasingly competitive power generation marketplace. This report describes an experience based interview (EBI) method for capturing the knowledge of plant staff to more efficiently identify technical or operational issues and make management decisions that protect assets. Included is a demonstration of the method in a pilot application to aging of support equipment that could impact outages in ...
Program on Technology Innovation: Scenario-Based Technology R&D Strategy for the Electric Power Industry: Final Report
To help address the many challenges facing the electric power industry in the next 20 years, an effective process of technology R&D planning is needed. Based on input from a broad range of stakeholders and using a proven scenario planning process, this report presents a comprehensive technology R&D strategy for the next two decades that spans the breadth and depth of challenges and opportunities facing the North American electric utility industry.
Cost-based optimizations of power density and target-blanket modularity for {sup 232}Th/{sup 233}U-based ADEP
A cost-based parametric systems model is developed for an Accelerator-Driven Energy Production (ADEP) system based on a {sup 232}Th/{sup 233}U fuel cycle and a molten-salt (LiF/BeF{sub 2}/ThF{sub 3}) fluid-fuel primary system. Simplified neutron-balance, accelerator, reactor-core, chemical-processing, and balance-of-plant models are combined parametrically with a simplified costing model. The main focus of this model is to examine trade offs related to fission power density, reactor-core modularity, {sup 233}U breeding rate, and fission product transmutation capacity.
Krakowski, R.A.
Low-Drift Flow Sensor with Zero-Offset Thermopile-Based Power Feedback
A thermal flow sensor has been realised consisting of freely-suspended silicon-rich silicon-nitride microchannels with an integrated Al/poly-Si++ thermopile in combination with up- and downstream Al heater resistors. The inherently zero offset of the thermopile is exploited in a feedback loop controlling the dissipated power in the heater resistors, eliminating inevitable influences of resistance drift and mismatch of the thin-film metal resistors. The control system cancels the flow-induced temperature difference across the thermopile by controlling a power difference between both heater resistors, thereby giving a measure for the flow rate. The flow sensor was characterised for power difference versus water flow rates up to 1.5 ul/min, being in good agreement with a thermal model of the sensor, and the correct low-drift operation of the temperature-balancing control system has been verified.
Dijkstra, M; De Boer, Meint; Berenschot, J W; Wiegerink, Remco; Elwenspoek, M
Certificate-Based Approach to Marketing Green Power and Constructing New Wind Energy Facilities: Preprint
The availability of wind energy certificates in Pennsylvania's retail electricity market has made a critical difference in the economic feasibility of developing 140 MW of new wind energy projects in the region. Certificates offer important benefits to both green power suppliers and buyers by reducing transaction barriers and thus lowering the cost of renewable energy. Buyers also benefit through the increased flexibility offered by certificate products. The experience described in this paper offers important insights for selling green power certificates and achieving new wind energy development in other areas of the country.
Blank, E.; Bird, L.; Swezey, B.
Development of a Dry Sorbent-Based Post Combustion CO2 Capture Technology for Retrofit in Existing Power Plants
Dry Sorbent-Based Dry Sorbent-Based Post Combustion CO 2 Capture Technology for Retrofit in Existing Power Plants Background Currently available commercial processes to remove carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from flue gas streams are costly and energy intensive. RTI International is heading a research team to continue development and scale-up of an innovative process for CO 2 capture that has significant potential to be less expensive and less energy intensive than conventional technologies. The "Dry Carbonate Process" utilizes a dry,
Direct Carbon Fuel Cells: Assessment of their Potential as Solid Carbon Fuel Based Power Generation Systems
Small-scale experimental work at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) has confirmed that a direct carbon fuel cell (DCFC) containing a molten carbonate electrolyte completely reacts solid elemental carbon with atmospheric oxygen contained in ambient air at a temperature of 650-800 C. The efficiency of conversion of the chemical energy in the fuel to DC electricity is 75-80% and is a result of zero entropy change for this reaction and the fixed chemical potentials of C and CO{sub 2}. This is about twice as efficient as other forms power production processes that utilize solid fuels such as petroleum coke or coal. These range from 30-40% for coal fired conventional subcritical or supercritical boilers to 38-42% for IGCC plants. A wide range of carbon-rich solids including activated carbons derived from natural gas, petroleum coke, raw coal, and deeply de-ashed coal have been evaluated with similar conversion results. The rate of electricity production has been shown to correlate with disorder in the carbon structure. This report provides a preliminary independent assessment of the economic potential of DCFC for competitive power generation. This assessment was conducted as part of a Director's Research Committee Review of DCFC held at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) on April 9, 2004. The key question that this assessment addresses is whether this technology, which appears to be very promising from a scientific standpoint, has the potential to be successfully scaled up to a system that can compete with currently available power generation systems that serve existing electricity markets. These markets span a wide spectrum in terms of the amount of power to be delivered and the competitive cost in that market. For example, DCFC technology can be used for the personal power market where the current competition for delivery of kilowatts of electricity is storage batteries, for the distributed generation market where the competition for on-site power generation in the range of 0.5 to 50 MW is small engines fueled with natural gas or liquid fuels or in the bulk power markets supplied usually by remote central station power plants with capacities of 250-1250 MW that deliver electricity to customers via the transmission and distribution grid. New power generation technology must be able to offer a significant cost advantage over existing technologies serving the same market to attract the interest of investors that are needed to provide funding for the development, demonstration, and commercialization of the technology. That path is both lengthy and expensive. One of the key drivers for any new power generation technology is the relative amount of pollutant emissions of all types, particularly those that are currently regulated or may soon be regulated. The new focus on greenhouse gas emissions offers a window of opportunity to DCFC technology because of its much higher conversion efficiency and the production of a very concentrated stream of CO{sub 2} in the product gas. This should offer a major competitive advantage if CO{sub 2} emissions are constrained by regulation in the future. The cost of CO{sub 2} capture, liquefaction, and pressurization has the potential to be much less costly with DCFC technology compared to other currently available forms of fossil fuel power generation.
Wolk, R
Estimation of A Sensitivity-Based Metric for Detecting Market Power
the matrix is conceptually easy for those with all the market and system information (e.g., an ISO to measure market power ([1], [3]). The This project was support in part by the US Department of Energy for market participants, such as generators, because they do not have access to the same level of information
A Novel MPPT Control Technology Based on Cloud Model for Photovoltaic Power Generation
The cloud model is a mathematical representation to fuzziness and randomness in linguistic concepts, and integrates the fuzziness and randomness of a linguistic concept in a unified way. This model is a new method for transformation between qualitative ... Keywords: photovoltaic power generation, MPPT, duty factor, cloud model
Lei An; Wei Fan
Power-aware linear programming based scheduling for heterogeneous computer clusters
In the past few years, scheduling for computer clusters has become a hot topic. The main focus has been towards achieving better performance. It is true that this goal has been attained to a certain extent, but on the other hand, it has been at the expense ... Keywords: Grid computing, Heterogeneous computing systems, Linear programming, Power-aware scheduling
Hadil Al-Daoud; Issam Al-Azzoni; Douglas G. Down
Formal Analysis and Validation of Continuous-Time Markov Chain based System Level Power Management Strategies
. The system is usually specified as state transition system, with probability measures on the rate is served // (iii) transitions between the sleep and idle states are controlled by the PM // rates of local profile of the system by putting its components into power/energy states which are suf- ficient to meet
Gupta, Rajesh
Use of Level 3 PSA in Risk Informed, Performance Based Regulation of Nuclear Power Plants
At the request of the South Texas Electric Generating Station (STP), EPRI assessed the role of probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) Level 3 consequence analysis in the regulation of nuclear power plants. By surveying use of consequence analysis codes, their development, and current status, this report attempts to put Level 3 PSAs in perspective relative to their usefulness for making regulatory decisions.
Primary and secondary electrical space power based on advanced PEM systems
For new space ventures, power continues to be a pacing function for mission planning and experiment endurance. Although electrochemical power is a well demonstrated space power technology, current hardware limitations impact future mission viability. In order to document and augment electrochemical technology, a series of experiments for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lewis Research Center (NASA LeRC) are underway at the Los Alamos National Laboratory that define operational parameters on contemporary proton exchange membrane (PEM) hardware operating with hydrogen and oxygen reactants. Because of the high efficiency possible for water electrolysis, this hardware is also thought part of a secondary battery design built around stored reactants -- the so-called regenerative fuel cell. An overview of stack testing at Los Alamos, and of analyses related to regenerative fuel cell systems are provided in this paper. Finally, this paper describes work looking at innovative concepts that remove complexity from stack hardware with the specific intent of higher system reliability. This new concept offers the potential for unprecedented electrochemical power system energy densities.
Vanderborgh, N.E.; Hedstrom, J.C.; Stroh, K.R. (Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States)); Huff, J.R. (Ballard Power Corp., Albuquerque, NM (United States))
Vanderborgh, N.E.; Hedstrom, J.C.; Stroh, K.R. [Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States); Huff, J.R. [Ballard Power Corp., Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Genetic-Algorithm-Based Adaptive Control of Superheat Steam Temperature on a Power Plant Boiler
Superheat steam temperature control is critical to the normal and optimal operation of a power plant. Usually, cascade Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control system is introduced to regulate the superheat temperature with the PID parameters fixed ... Keywords: Genetic Algorithm, Adaptive Control, Recursive Least Squares, Robustness
Yonghong Huang; Xuejun Yang
A Fuzzy Logic Based Power Electronic System for Wind Energy Conversion Scheme
This paper used fuzzy logic theory to study the behavior of a simple pulse width modulated three phase voltage controlled VSI, which feeds a weak ac network with power produced from an offshore wind farm (WF) of induction generators. Its control system, ...
Lata Gidwani; Rajesh Kumar
Nonlinear controller optimization of a power system based on reduced multivariate polynomial model
This paper describes the design of a nonlinear controller in a power system by using the reduced multivariate polynomial (RMP) optimization algorithm with the one-shot training property. The RMP model is applied to estimate its Hessian matrix in addition ...
Seung-Mook Baek; Jung-Wook Park
Short-term wind power forecast based on cluster analysis and artificial neural networks
In this paper an architecture for an estimator of short-term wind farm power is proposed. The estimator is made up of a Linear Machine classifier and a set of k Multilayer Perceptrons, training each one for a specific subspace of the input space. ...
Javier Lorenzo; Juan M�ndez; Modesto Castrill�n; Daniel Hern�ndez
The Hallam Power Reactor is described relative to site, buildings, reactor and associated heat-transfer system, instrumentation and control, auxiliary systems, and fuel and component handling facilities. The potential hazards of radioactivity and safeguards for confinement are discussed. Radiation levels and accidental effluent release are considered. Transients with and without protective system action are discussed. (B.O.G.)
Gershun, T.L. ed.
An Improved Days-Ahead Transaction Bidding Model Based on Power Decomposition
With the development of electricity market fair competition becomes the most important and basic principle. Although the transmission losses account for a very small part in the full cost of the electric transactions, how to allocate the transmission ... Keywords: Electricity market, days-ahead transaction, loss correction, power decomposition, nodal cost conservation
Fang Zhang; Hai Bao; YiHan Yang; LiWei Zhao
Ancillary Frequency Control of Direct Drive Full-Scale Converter Based Wind Power Plants
of doubly fed induction machine (DFIG) and PMSG based wind turbines have been proposed [7-10]. In this paper
Hu, Weihao
Battery-free Wireless Sensor Network For Advanced Fossil-Fuel Based Power Generation
This report summarizes technical progress achieved during the project supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-FG26-07NT4306. The aim of the project was to conduct basic research into battery-free wireless sensing mechanism in order to develop novel wireless sensors and sensor network for physical and chemical parameter monitoring in a harsh environment. Passive wireless sensing platform and five wireless sensors including temperature sensor, pressure sensor, humidity sensor, crack sensor and networked sensors developed and demonstrated in our laboratory setup have achieved the objective for the monitoring of various physical and chemical parameters in a harsh environment through remote power and wireless sensor communication, which is critical to intelligent control of advanced power generation system. This report is organized by the sensors developed as detailed in each progress report.
Yi Jia
Capture and sequestration of CO{sub 2} from fossil fuel power plants is gaining widespread interest as a potential method of controlling greenhouse gas emissions. Performance and cost models of an amine (MEA)-based CO{sub 2} absorption system for post-combustion flue gas applications have been developed, and integrated with an existing power plant modeling framework that includes multi-pollutant control technologies for other regulated emissions. The integrated model has been applied to study the feasibility and cost of carbon capture and sequestration at both new and existing coal-burning power plants. The cost of carbon avoidance was shown to depend strongly on assumptions about the reference plant design, details of the CO{sub 2} capture system design, interactions with other pollution control systems, and method of CO{sub 2} storage. The CO{sub 2} avoidance cost for retrofit systems was found to be generally higher than for new plants, mainly because of the higher energy penalty resulting from less efficient heat integration, as well as site-specific difficulties typically encountered in retrofit applications. For all cases, a small reduction in CO{sub 2} capture cost was afforded by the SO{sub 2} emission trading credits generated by amine-based capture systems. Efforts are underway to model a broader suite of carbon capture and sequestration technologies for more comprehensive assessments in the context of multi-pollutant environmental management.
Edward S. Rubin; Anand B. Rao
One-Month Ahead Prediction of Wind Speed and Output Power Based on EMD and LSSVM
Wind speed is a kind of non-stationary time series, it is difficult to construct the model for accurate forecast. The way improving accuracy of the model for predicting wind speed up to one-month ahead has been investigated using measured data recorded ... Keywords: wind speed forecasting, empirical mode decomposition(EMD), least square support vector machine (LSSVM), intrinsic mode function(IFM), wind power
Wang Xiaolan; Li Hui
RPM-SIM-Based Analysis of Power Converter Applications in Renewable Energy Systems: Preprint
This paper briefly presents the RPM-SIM simulator and, in particular, its abilities to simulate and analyze renewable energy systems with power converters. This modular simulation system is used to study applications and cost-effective performance of renewable energy systems, analyze both static and dynamic performance, develop control strategies, and simulate autonomous renewable energy systems under different generation and load conditions (such as different wind speeds, temperature, insolation conditions, and load profiles).
Bialasiewicz, J. T.; Muljadi, E.; Nix, R. G.
FPGA Based Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulated Waveform Generation for Solar (PV) Rural Home Power Inverter
With the increasing concern about global environmental protection and energy demand due to rapid growth of population in developing countries and the diminishing trend of resources of conventional grid supply, the need to produce freely available pollution free natural energy such as solar/wind energy has been drawing increasing interest in every corner of the world. In an effort to utilize these energies effectively through Power converter, a great deal of research is being carried out by different researchers / scientist and engineers at different places in the world to meet the increasing demand of load. The study presents methodology to integrate solar (PV) energy (which is freely available in every corner of the world) with grid source and supplement the existing grid power in rural houses during its cut off or restricted supply period. In order to get consistency in supply a DG is also added as a standby source in the proposed integration of network. The software using novel Direct PWM modulation strate...
Singh, S N
Data base on dose reduction research projects for nuclear power plants. Volume 5
This is the fifth volume in a series of reports that provide information on dose reduction research and health physics technology or nuclear power plants. The information is taken from two of several databases maintained by Brookhaven National Laboratory`s ALARA Center for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. The research section of the report covers dose reduction projects that are in the experimental or developmental phase. It includes topics such as steam generator degradation, decontamination, robotics, improvements in reactor materials, and inspection techniques. The section on health physics technology discusses dose reduction efforts that are in place or in the process of being implemented at nuclear power plants. A total of 105 new or updated projects are described. All project abstracts from this report are available to nuclear industry professionals with access to a fax machine through the ACEFAX system or a computer with a modem and the proper communications software through the ACE system. Detailed descriptions of how to access all the databases electronically are in the appendices of the report.
Khan, T.A.; Yu, C.K.; Roecklein, A.K. [Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (United States)] [Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (United States)
Microsoft PowerPoint - S05-04_Hoffman_Risk-Based Corrosion.ppt
Based Corrosion Studies at SRS Based Corrosion Studies at SRS EM Waste Processing Technical Exchange 2010 E.N. Hoffman Senior Engineer A Savannah River National Laboratory November 17th, 2010 SRNL-STI-2010-00692 Print Close 2 Risk Based Corrosion Studies at SRS, SRNL-STI-2010-00692 Contributors Tommy Edwards, SRNL Tracy Murphy, SRNL Bruce Wiersma, SRNL Philip Zapp, SRNL Brenda Garcia-Diaz, SRNL Print Close 3 Risk Based Corrosion Studies at SRS, SRNL-STI-2010-00692 Type III 1.3 Mgal 1966-1981 Type I 750 kgal 1951-1953 Type II 1.0 Mgal 1955-1956 SRS Waste Tank Design and Fabrication TYPE I and II (ASTM 285-B) Experienced stress corrosion cracking (SCC) 2 have been closed; 22 scheduled for closure by 2017 No active leak sites today TYPE III (ASTM A516-70 and A537 Class I) * Post-fabrication relief of weld residual stresses
Monolithic solid oxide fuel cell technology advancement for coal-based power generation. Annual report, October 1991--September 1992
The program is being conducted by a team consisting of AlliedSignal Aerospace Systems & Equipment (ASE) (formerly AiResearch Los Angeles Division) and Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). The objective of the program is to advance materials and fabrication methodologies to develop a monolithic solid oxide fuel cell (MSOFC) system capable of meeting performance, life, and cost goals for coal-based power generation. The program focuses on materials research and development, fabrication process development, cell/stack performance testing and characterization, cost and system analysis, and quality development.
Field Test of a Microturbine-based Combined Heat and Power System
Electric utility engineers are familiar with utility-grade protection relays. Most, if not all, inverter-based Distributed Energy Resource (DER) systems, such as microturbines systems, fuel cells, and photovoltaic arrays, do not have discrete generator/feeder protection relays. Inverter-based DER systems are designed with their own digitally emulated protection functions, such as overcurrent, undervoltage, and under-frequency, into the inverter controls. Electric utilities are uneasy with these systems. ...
An adaptive network based fuzzy inference system-genetic algorithm clustering ensemble algorithm for performance assessment and improvement of conventional power plants
Performance measurement and assessment are fundamental to management planning and control activities of complex systems such as conventional power plants. They have received considerable attention by both management practitioners and theorists. There ... Keywords: Adaptive network based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), Conventional power plants, Genetic algorithm clustering ensemble (GACE), Improvement, Performance assessment
A. Azadeh; M. Saberi; M. Anvari; A. Azaron; M. Mohammadi
Developing a power-efficient and low-cost 3D NoC using smart GALS-based vertical channels
Shorter global interconnects enable 3D NoC structures to offer higher performance, improved packaging density, and lower interconnect power consumption to CMPs and SoCs compared to their 2D counterparts. However, substantial challenges such as high peak ... Keywords: 3D Networks-on-Chip, Bidirectional Bisynchronous Vertical Channels, Forecasting-based dynamic power management
Amir-Mohammad Rahmani; Pasi Liljeberg; Juha Plosila; Hannu Tenhunen
Physics of Plasma-Based Ion Implantation&Deposition (PBIID)and High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HIPIMS): A Comparison
The emerging technology of High Power Impulse MagnetronSputtering (HIPIMS) has much in common with the more establishedtechnology of Plasma Based Ion Implantation&Deposition (PBIID):both use pulsed plasmas, the pulsed sheath periodically evolves andcollapses, the plasma-sheath system interacts with the pulse-drivingpower supply, the plasma parameters are affected by the power dissipated,surface atoms are sputtered and secondary electrons are emitted, etc.Therefore, both fields of science and technology could learn from eachother, which has not been fully explored. On the other hand, there aresignificant differences, too. Most importantly, the operation of HIPIMSheavilyrelies on the presence of a strong magnetic field, confiningelectrons and causing their ExB drift, which is closed for typicalmagnetron configurations. Second, at the high peak power levels used forHIPIMS, 1 kW/cm2 or greater averaged over the target area, the sputteredmaterial greatly affects plasma generation. For PBIID, in contrast,plasma generation and ion processing of the surface (ion implantation,etching, and deposition) are considered rela-tively independentprocesses. Third, secondary electron emission is generally considered anuisance for PBIID, especially at high voltages, whereas it is a criticalingredient to the operation of HIPIMS. Fourth, the voltages in PBIID areoften higher than in HIPIMS. For the first three reasons listed above,modelling of PBIID seems to be easier and could give some guidance forfuture HIPIMS models, which, clearly, will be more involved.
Anders, Andre
Improvement of load-following capacity based on the flame radiation intensity signal in a power plant
The capability to perform fast load changes has been an important issue due to the increasing commercialization of the power market. In the traditional boiler control system, the feedback signals come from the variations of the steam pressure and the steam flow, which leads to a large time delay. Therefore, a new method for the boiler control system based on radiation intensity for improving the load-following capacity of a coal-fired power plant has been developed in this paper. The system is implemented by adding the radiation intensity of the flame to the existing boiler control system as a complement. The radiation intensity obtained by the sensor can directly reflect the input heat in the boiler, with a faster response and higher sensitivity. Field tests on a 300 MW coal-fired power plant reveal that the improved boiler control system increases the load-following capacity. At the same time, the steam pressure variations are smaller as compared with those of the existing control system. 14 refs., 19 figs., 1 tab.
Fei Wang; Qunxing Huang; Dong Liu; Jianhua Yan; Kefa Cen [Zhejiang University, Hangzhou (China). State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization
Environmental externalities: Applying the concept to Asian coal-based power generation
This report examines the concept of environmental externality. It discusses various factors -- the atmospheric transformations, relationship of point-source emissions to ambient air quality, dose-response relationships, applicable cause-and-effect principles, and risk and valuation research -- that are considered by a number of state utilities when they apply the environmental externality concept to energy resource planning. It describes a methodology developed by Argonne National Laboratory for general use in resource planning, in combination with traditional methods that consider the cost of electricity production. Finally, it shows how the methodology can be applied in Indonesia, Thailand, and Taiwan to potential coal-fired power plant projects that will make use of clean coal technologies.
Impact of Advanced Turbine Systems on coal-based power plants
The advanced power-generation products currently under development in our program show great promise for ultimate commercial use. Four of these products are referred to in this paper: Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC), Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion (PFBC), Externally Fired Combined Cycle (EFCC), and Integrated Gasification Fuel Cell (IGFC). Three of these products, IGCC, PFBC, and EFCC, rely on advanced gas turbines as a key enabling technology and the foundation for efficiencies in the range of 52 to 55 percent. DOE is funding the development of advanced gas turbines in the newly instituted Advanced Turbine Systems (ATS) Program, one of DOE`s highest priority natural gas initiatives. The turbines, which will have natural gas efficiencies of 60 percent, are being evaluated for coal gas compatibility as part of that program.
Bechtel, T.F.
Elevated Temperature Materials for Power Generation and Propulsion The energy industry is designing higher-efficiency land-based turbines for natural gas-fired
higher-efficiency land-based turbines for natural gas-fired power generation systems. The high inlet is significant for modeling cyclic deformation in directionally solidified and single crystal turbine blades
Li, Mo
Design And Simulation Of A Real-time Price Demand Response Program For Electricity Subject To A Capacity Constraint For The Philadelphia Navy Yard.
??This thesis is based on data from the Philadelphia Navy Yard, which has its own transmission and distribution electric micro-grid and is home for commercial� (more)
Cortes, Mercedes
, for the overall fleet of transformers. 1. Introduction. 1.1. Background. Electrical transmission is an important. The prediction of the remaining life can be based on historical lifetime information about the transformer the remaining life of the healthy individual transformers in their fleet and the rate at which
Amorphous Silicon(a-Si: H) Thin Film Based Omnidirectional Control Solar Powered Vehicle
Through the paper, our goal is to drive a car with the help of thin film based solar cell. Mechanical and Electrical parts are assembled thereby. The main objective of this project is to collect maximum solar energy from the solar spectrum and use that ... Keywords: Thin film Photovoltaic, Single p-i-n Junction, Steering Mechanism, H-Bridge, Gear motor
Abdullah Moinuddin; Md. Jahidul Hoque; Jony C. Sarker; Akhter Zia
The Power of Patterns and Pattern Recognition When Developing Information-Based Strategy
Just as scientists in other disciplines use experience and a small set of frequently occurring problems to structure unfamiliar situations, information strategy and economics provides its own patterns to guide and structure the use of experience in managerial ... Keywords: Hyperdifferentiation, Newly Vulnerable Markets, Outsourcing Risks, Platform Envelopment Strategies, Resonance Marketing, Resource-Based Competitive Advantage, Strategic Information Systems, Transaction Costs Of Outsourcing
Eric Clemons
A pattern-based method for safe control systems exemplified within nuclear power production
This article exemplifies the application of a pattern-based method, called SaCS (Safe Control Systems), on a case taken from the nuclear domain. The method is supported by a pattern language and provides guidance on the development of design concepts ... Keywords: conceptual design, development process, pattern language, safety
Andr� Alexandersen Hauge; Ketil St�len
Thermoeconomic design optimization of a KRW-based IGCC power plant. Final report
This report discussed the cost and efficiency optimization of an integrated gasification-combined-cycle (IGCC) power plant design and the effects of important design options and parameters. Advanced thermoeconomic techniques were used to evaluate and optimize a given IGCC concept which uses Illinois No. 6 bituminous coal, air-blown KRW coal gasifiers, a hot gas cleanup system, and GE MS7001F gas turbines. Three optimal design concepts are presented and discussed in the report. Two of the concepts are characterized by minimum cost of electricity at two different values of the steam high pressure. The third concept represents the thermodynamic optimum. This study identified several differences between the original design and the design of the optimized cases. Compared with the original concept, significant annual savings are achieved in the cost optimal cases. Comparisons were made between results obtained using both the old and the new performance data for the MS7001F gas turbine. This report discusses the effects of gasification temperature, steam high pressure, coal moisture, and various design options on the overall plant efficiency and cost of electricity. Cost sensitivity studies were conducted and recommendations for future studies were made.
Tsatsaronis, G.; Lin, L.; Pisa, J.; Tawfik, T. [Tennessee Technological Univ., Cookeville, TN (United States). Center for Electric Power
Thermoeconomic design optimization of a KRW-based IGCC power plant
Tsatsaronis, G.; Lin, L.; Pisa, J.; Tawfik, T. (Tennessee Technological Univ., Cookeville, TN (United States). Center for Electric Power)
Thorium-Fueled Underground Power Plant Based on Molten Salt Technology
This paper addresses the problems posed by running out of oil and gas supplies and the environmental problems that are due to greenhouse gases by suggesting the use of the energy available in the resource thorium, which is much more plentiful than the conventional nuclear fuel uranium. We propose the burning of this thorium dissolved as a fluoride in molten salt in the minimum viscosity mixture of LiF and BeF{sub 2} together with a small amount of {sup 235}U or plutonium fluoride to initiate the process to be located at least 10 m underground. The fission products could be stored at the same underground location. With graphite replacement or new cores and with the liquid fuel transferred to the new cores periodically, the power plant could operate for up to 200 yr with no transport of fissile material to the reactor or of wastes from the reactor during this period. Advantages that include utilization of an abundant fuel, inaccessibility of that fuel to terrorists or for diversion to weapons use, together with good economics and safety features such as an underground location will diminish public concerns. We call for the construction of a small prototype thorium-burning reactor.
Moir, Ralph W.; Teller, Edward [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (United States)
MW-class hybrid power system based on planar solid oxide stack technology
Scale-Up of Planar SOFC Stack Scale-Up of Planar SOFC Stack Technology for MW-Level Combined Cycle System Final Report TIAX LLC Acorn Park Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140-2390 Reference: D0136 Submitted to NETL October 3, 2003 1 NETL-Hybrid Scale-UP/D0136/SS/V1 1 Executive Summary 2 Background, Objectives & Approach 3 SOFC Cell Geometry and Modeling 4 SOFC Power Scale-up 5 System Design and Costs 6 Conclusions & Recommendations A Appendix 2 NETL-Hybrid Scale-UP/D0136/SS/V1 Executive Summary SECA Strategy NETL wanted to understand if and how SECA-style anode-supported SOFC stacks could be scaled-up for use in MW-level combined cycle plants. * SECA strategy relies on the use of modular, mass produced, SOFC stacks in the 3 - 10 kW capacity range for a wide range of applications. * Technical feasibility small-scale applications has been evaluated by SECA:
An Expert Elicitation Based Study of the Proliferation Resistance of a Suite of Nuclear Power Plants
In 2008, a multi-laboratory research team completed a study evaluating the proliferation resistance (PR) characteristics of a diverse suite of four advanced nuclear reactor designs. The systems evaluated included: � a light water reactor (a pressurized-water reactor), � a heavy water reactor, � a high temperature gas reactor (with a prismatic-block reactor core), � a sodium-cooled fast reactor. The team used an expert elicitation assessment approach based on the Generation IV International Forum (GIF) Proliferation Resistance and Physical Protection (PR&PP) methodology. The team evaluated three general types of proliferation threats: 1) concealed diversion of material, 2) concealed misuse of the reactor to produce material, and 3) breakout. The evaluations took into account the intrinsic PR characteristics of each reactor and the extrinsic PR characteristics provided by generic safeguards the team considered appropriate for each reactor, based on the team�s experience and available conceptual design information.
Zentner, Michael D.; Therios, Ike; Bari, Robert A.; Cheng, Lap; Yue, Meng; Wigeland, Roald; Hassberger, Jim; Boyer, Brian; Pilat, Joseph
Computer�Based Procedures for Nuclear Power Plant Field Workers: Preliminary Results from Two Evaluation Studies
The Idaho National Laboratory and participants from the U.S. nuclear industry are collaborating on a research effort aimed to augment the existing guidance on computer-based procedure (CBP) design with specific guidance on how to design CBP user interfaces such that they support procedure execution in ways that exceed the capabilities of paper-based procedures (PBPs) without introducing new errors. Researchers are employing an iterative process where the human factors issues and interface design principles related to CBP usage are systematically addressed and evaluated in realistic settings. This paper describes the process of developing a CBP prototype and the two studies conducted to evaluate the prototype. The results indicate that CBPs may improve performance by reducing errors, but may increase the time it takes to complete procedural tasks.
Katya L Le Blanc; Johanna H Oxstrand
Development and Implementation of a Condition Based Maintenance Program for Geothermal Power Plants
This report describes the development of the RCM team, identifying plant assets and developing an asset hierarchy, the development of sample Failure Mode Effects Analysis (FMEAs), identifying and prioritizing plant systems and components for RCM analysis, and identifying RCM/CBM software/hardware vendors. It also includes the Failure Mode Effects Analysis (FMEA) for all Class I Systems, Maintenance Task Assignments, use of Conditioned Based Maintenance (CBM) Tools and Displays of the RCM software System Development to date.
Steve Miller; Jim Eddy; Murray Grande; Shawn Bratt; Manuchehr Shirmohamadi
Air pollution: Coal based power plants major culprit : HindustanTimes.com http://www.hindustantimes.com/news/5922_1646830,001500250000000... 1 of 2 3/10/2006 7:45 AM
Air pollution: Coal based power plants major culprit : HindustanTimes.com http 1 Front » Story Air pollution: Coal based power plants major culprit HT Correspondent Kanpur, March that coal based thermal power plants are the main source for air pollution. The fact came to the fore during
Singh, Ramesh P.
Auxiliary feedwater system risk-based inspection guide for the Maine Yankee Nuclear Power Plant
In a study sponsored by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), Pacific Northwest Laboratory has developed and applied a methodology for deriving plant-specific risk-based inspection guidance for the auxiliary feedwater (AFW) system at pressurized water reactors that have not undergone probabilistic risk assessment (PRA). This methodology uses existing PRA results and plant operating experience information. Existing PRA-based inspection guidance information recently developed for the NRC for various plants was used to identify generic component failure modes. The information was then combined with plant-specific and industry-wide component information and failure data to identify failure modes and failure mechanisms for the AFW system at the selected plants. Maine Yankee was selected as one of a series of plants for study. ne product of this effort is a prioritized listing of AFW failures which have occurred at the plant and at other PWRs. This listing is intended for use by NRC inspectors in the preparation of inspection plans addressing AFW risk-important components at the Maine Yankee plant.
Gore, B.F.; Vo, T.V.; Moffitt, N.E.; Bumgardner, J.D. (Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States))
Auxiliary feedwater system risk-based inspection guide for the South Texas Project nuclear power plant
In a study sponsored by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), Pacific Northwest Laboratory has developed and applied a methodology for deriving plant-specific risk-based inspection guidance for the auxiliary feedwater (AFW) system at pressurized water reactors that have not undergone probabilistic risk assessment (PRA). This methodology uses existing PRA results and plant operating experience information. Existing PRA-based inspection guidance information recently developed for the NRC for various plants was used to identify generic component failure modes. This information was then combined with plant-specific and industry-wide component information and failure data to identify failure modes and failure mechanisms for the AFW system at the selected plants. South Texas Project was selected as a plant for study. The product of this effort is a prioritized listing of AFW failures which have occurred at the plant and at other PWRs. This listing is intended for use by the NRC inspectors in preparation of inspection plans addressing AFW risk important components at the South Texas Project plant.
Bumgardner, J.D.; Nickolaus, J.R.; Moffitt, N.E.; Gore, B.F.; Vo, T.V. [Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States)
Applying Behavior-Based Robotics Concepts to Telerobotic Use of Power Tooling
While it has long been recognized that telerobotics has potential advantages to reduce operator fatigue, to permit lower skilled operators to function as if they had higher skill levels, and to protect tools and manipulators from excessive forces during operation, relatively little laboratory research in telerobotics has actually been implemented in fielded systems. Much of this has to do with the complexity of the implementation and its lack of ability to operate in complex unstructured remote systems environments. One possible solution is to approach the tooling task using an adaptation of behavior-based techniques to facilitate task decomposition to a simpler perspective and to provide sensor registration to the task target object in the field. An approach derived from behavior-based concepts has been implemented to provide automated tool operation for a teleoperated manipulator system. The generic approach is adaptable to a wide range of typical remote tools used in hot-cell and decontamination and dismantlement-type operations. Two tasks are used in this work to test the validity of the concept. First, a reciprocating saw is used to cut a pipe. The second task is bolt removal from mockup process equipment. This paper explains the technique, its implementation, and covers experimental data, analysis of results, and suggestions for implementation on fielded systems.
Noakes, Mark W [ORNL; Hamel, Dr. William R. [University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK)
Heuristic Drift-based Model of the Power Scrape-off width in H-mode Tokamaks
An heuristic model for the plasma scrape-off width in H-mode plasmas is introduced. Grad B and curv B drifts into the SOL are balanced against sonic parallel flows out of the SOL, to the divertor plates. The overall particle flow pattern posited is a modification for open field lines of Pfirsch-Shl�ter flows to include sinks to the divertors. These assumptions result in an estimated SOL width of ~ 2a?p/R. They also result in a first-principles calculation of the particle confinement time of H-mode plasmas, qualitatively consistent with experimental observations. It is next assumed that anomalous perpendicular electron thermal diffusivity is the dominant source of heat flux across the separatrix, investing the SOL width, defined above, with heat from the main plasma. The separatrix temperature is calculated based on a two-point model balancing power input to the SOL with Spitzer-H�rm parallel thermal conduction losses to the divertor. This results in a heuristic closed-form prediction for the power scrape-off width that is in reasonable quantitative agreement both in absolute magnitude and in scaling with recent experimental data from deuterium plasmas. Further work should include full numerical calculations, including all magnetic and electric drifts, as well as more thorough comparison with experimental data.
Robert J. Goldston
An Heuristic Drift-Based Model of the Power Scrape-Off Width in H-Mode Tokamaks
An heuristic model for the plasma scrape-off width in H-mode plasmas is introduced. Grad B and curv B drifts into the SOL are balanced against sonic parallel flows out of the SOL, to the divertor plates. The overall mass flow pattern posited is a modification for open field lines of Pfirsch-Shl�ter flows to include sinks to the divertors. These assumptions result in an estimated SOL width of 2a?p/R. They also result in a first-principles calculation of the particle confinement time of H-mode plasmas, qualitatively consistent with experimental observations. It is next assumed that anomalous perpendicular electron thermal diffusivity is the dominant source of heat flux across the separatrix, investing the SOL width, defined above, with heat from the main plasma. The separatrix temperature is calculated based on a two-point model balancing power input to the SOL with Spitzer-H�rm parallel thermal conduction losses to the divertor. This results in an heuristic closed-form prediction for the power scrape-off width that is in remarkable quantitative agreement both in absolute magnitude and in scaling with recent experimental data. Further work should include full numerical calculations, including all magnetic and electric drifts, as well as more thorough comparison with experimental data.
Microscopy and spectroscopy of lithium nickel oxide based particles used in high-power lithium-ion cells.
Structural and electronic investigations were conducted on lithium nickel oxide-based particles used in positive electrodes of 18650-type high-power Li-ion cells. K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) revealed trivalent Ni and Co ions in the bulk LiNi{sub 0.8}Co{sub 0.2}O{sub 2} powder used to prepare the high power electrode laminates. Using oxygen K-edge XAS, high resolution electron microscopy, nanoprobe diffraction, and electron energy-loss spectroscopy, we identified a <5 nm thick modified layer on the surface of the oxide particles, which results from the loss of Ni and Li ordering in the layered R{bar 3}m structure. This structural change was accompanied by oxygen loss and a lowering of the Ni- and Co-oxidation states in the surface layer. Growth of this surface layer may contribute to the impedance rise observed during accelerated aging of these Li-ion cells.
Abraham, D. P.; Twesten, R. D.; Balasubramanian, M.; Kropf, A. J.; Fischer, D.; McBreen, J.; Petrov, I.; Amine, K.; Chemical Engineering; Univ. of Illinois; BNL; NIST
An Optimization-Based Algorithm for Scheduling Hydrothermal Power Systems with Cascaded Reservoirs and Discrete Hydro Constraints
An optimization-based algorithm is presented for the short-term scheduling of hydrothermal power systems using the Lagrangian relaxation technique. This paper concentrates on the solution methodology for hydro subproblems with cascaded reservoirs and discrete hydro constraints. Continuous reservoir dynamics and constraints, discontinuous operating regions, discrete operating states, and hydraulic coupling of cascaded reservoirs are considered in an integrated fashion. The key idea is to substitute out the reservoir dynamics and to relax the reservoir level constraints by using another set of multipliers, making a hydro subproblem unit-wise and stage-wise decomposable. The optimal generation level for each operating state at each hour can be obtained simply by minimizing a single variable function. Dynamic programming is then applied to optimize the operating states across the planning horizon with a small number of well-structured transitions. A modified subgradient algorithm is used...
Xiaohong Guan; Ernan Ni; Renhou Li; Peter B. Luh
Technical Bases for the Development and Application of Derived Concentration Guidance Levels for Decommissioning and License Termination of Nuclear Power Plants
Nuclear Power plants achieve license termination by meeting regulatory site release criteria. Depending on the country, these criteria may be based on radionuclide concentration or dose. For dose-based criteria, corresponding radionuclide concentration limits, called Derived Concentration Guidance Levels (DCGLs), must also be developed. This report provides information related to site release criteria and the development of DCGLs.BackgroundThe ultimate goal ...
Combustion systems and power plants incorporating parallel carbon dioxide capture and sweep-based membrane separation units to remove carbon dioxide from combustion gases
Disclosed herein are combustion systems and power plants that incorporate sweep-based membrane separation units to remove carbon dioxide from combustion gases. In its most basic embodiment, the invention is a combustion system that includes three discrete units: a combustion unit, a carbon dioxide capture unit, and a sweep-based membrane separation unit. In a preferred embodiment, the invention is a power plant including a combustion unit, a power generation system, a carbon dioxide capture unit, and a sweep-based membrane separation unit. In both of these embodiments, the carbon dioxide capture unit and the sweep-based membrane separation unit are configured to be operated in parallel, by which we mean that each unit is adapted to receive exhaust gases from the combustion unit without such gases first passing through the other unit.
Wijmans, Johannes G. (Menlo Park, CA); Merkel, Timothy C (Menlo Park, CA); Baker, Richard W. (Palo Alto, CA)
Real-time State Estimation on Micro-grids Ying Hu, Anthony Kuh, Aleksandar Kavcic
transmission and distribution networks which may include HVDC and MVDC, energy storage, microgrids, renewable
Kavcic, Aleksandar
The MicroGrid: A scientific tool for modeling Computational Grids
The complexity and dynamic nature of the Internet (and the emerging Computational Grid) demand that middleware and applications adapt to the changes in configuration and availability of resources. However, to the best of our knowledge there are no simulation ...
Improvements in networking and middleware technology are enabling large-scale grids that aggregate resources over wide-area networks to support applications at unprecedented levels of scale and performance. Unfortunately, existing middleware and tools provide little information to users as to the suitability of a given grid topology for a specific grid application. Instead, users generally use ad-hoc performance models to evaluate mappings of their applications to resource and network topologies. Grid application behavior alone is complex, and adding resource and network behavior makes the situation even worse. As a result, users typically employ nearly blind experimentation to find good deployments of their applications in each new grid environment. Only through actual deployment and execution can a user discovers if the mapping was a good one. Further, even after finding a good configuration, there is no basis to determine if a much better configuration has been missed. This approach slows effective grid application development and deployment.
Huaxia Xia; Holly Dail; Henri Casanova; Andrew A. Chien
Improvements in networking and middleware technologyare enabling large-scale grids that aggregateresources over wide-area networks to support applicationsat unprecedented levels of scale and performance.Unfortunately, existing middleware and tools provide ...
Presa Subdivision, Texas System Description Energy Storage System Inverters Distribution Control System Distribution Stanchion Distribution Stanchion Dwelling Dwelling...
Optimal energy management of a micro-grid with renewable energy resources and demand response
With the introduction of smart energy grids and extensive penetration of renewable energy resources in distribution networks
A Virtual Laboratory for Micro-Grid Information and Communication Infrastructures
. Exactly what the Smart Grid architecture will look like at a national level is still not clear. While multiple smart meters to integrate with the HAN, we prefer to go with an open architecture for WinSmartGrid://winmec.ucla.edu Email:email@example.com Convergence for the Smart Grid - On the technology opportunities
Johansson, Karl Henrik
Traffic scheduling mechanism based on graph theory for Power Saving mode of IEEE 802.11 distributed coordinator function
In IEEE 802.11 Power Saving (PS) mode specified for Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS), mobile stations announce their pending data packets within Announcement Traffic Indication Message (ATIM) window immediately after the reception ... Keywords: IEEE 80211, MAC protocol, ad hoc networks, distributed coordinator, energy efficiency, graph theory, medium access control, power saving, power-efficient, time synchronisation function, traffic scheduling
M. H. Ye; C. T. Lau; A. B. Premkumar
Reuse of Treated Internal or External Wastewaters in the Cooling Systems of Coal-Based Thermoelectric Power Plants
This study evaluated the feasibility of using three impaired waters - secondary treated municipal wastewater, passively treated abandoned mine drainage (AMD), and effluent from ash sedimentation ponds at power plants - for use as makeup water in recirculating cooling water systems at thermoelectric power plants. The evaluation included assessment of water availability based on proximity and relevant regulations as well as feasibility of managing cooling water quality with traditional chemical management schemes. Options for chemical treatment to prevent corrosion, scaling, and biofouling were identified through review of current practices, and were tested at bench and pilot-scale. Secondary treated wastewater is the most widely available impaired water that can serve as a reliable source of cooling water makeup. There are no federal regulations specifically related to impaired water reuse but a number of states have introduced regulations with primary focus on water aerosol 'drift' emitted from cooling towers, which has the potential to contain elevated concentrations of chemicals and microorganisms and may pose health risk to the public. It was determined that corrosion, scaling, and biofouling can be controlled adequately in cooling systems using secondary treated municipal wastewater at 4-6 cycles of concentration. The high concentration of dissolved solids in treated AMD rendered difficulties in scaling inhibition and requires more comprehensive pretreatment and scaling controls. Addition of appropriate chemicals can adequately control corrosion, scaling and biological growth in ash transport water, which typically has the best water quality among the three waters evaluated in this study. The high TDS in the blowdown from pilot-scale testing units with both passively treated mine drainage and secondary treated municipal wastewater and the high sulfate concentration in the mine drainage blowdown water were identified as the main challenges for blowdown disposal. Membrane treatment (nanofiltration or reverse osmosis) can be employed to reduce TDS and sulfate concentrations to acceptable levels for reuse of the blowdown in the cooling systems as makeup water.
Radisav Vidic; David Dzombak; Ming-Kai Hsieh; Heng Li; Shih-Hsiang Chien; Yinghua Feng; Indranil Chowdhury; Jason Monnell
Modeling and Simulation for Grid Fault Impacts on a DC Microgrid
A micro grid consists of several distributed generation resources and local loads, which provide the solution to supply premium power to remote or specific areas. To the design of a micro grid, it is necessary to perform computer simulation for the planning ... Keywords: DC microgrid, bi-directional inverter, wind turbine, fuel cell, battery
H. C. Su; G. W. Chang; B. W. Liu; J. H. Chen; K. K. Jen; C. H. Chung; J. Z. Wu
Department of Mechanical Engineering Presents: "Towards Optimal Investment, Planning and Control of Microgrids"
of Microgrids" Mohsen A. Jafari, Ph.D. Department of Industrial & Systems Engineering Rutgers University Friday on the optimal investment, planning, and control of distributed micro-grids. A micro-grid is characterized by its of microgrids quite challenging problems. From the power grid point of view, microgrids are resource nodes
Keaveny, Tony
Towards Reliable Smart Microgrid Behavior Using Runtime Model Synthesis
The dominant paradigm of centralized power generation, characterized by heavy transmission losses, is being slowly replaced by the smart micro grid, which promises the proliferation of renewable and distributed energy sources. Micro grid reliability ... Keywords: High Assurance, Model-Driven Development, Model Management, Microgrid, SmartGrid, Runtime Models
Mark Allison; Karl A. Morris; Zhenyu Yang; Peter J. Clarke; Fabio M. Costa
Environmental externalities: An ASEAN application to coal-based power generation. [Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN)
Monolithic solid oxide fuel cell technology advancement for coal-based power generation. Final report, September 1989--March 1994
This project has successfully advanced the technology for MSOFCs for coal-based power generation. Major advances include: tape-calendering processing technology, leading to 3X improved performance at 1000 C; stack materials formulations and designs with sufficiently close thermal expansion match for no stack damage after repeated thermal cycling in air; electrically conducting bonding with excellent structural robustness; and sealants that form good mechanical seals for forming manifold structures. A stack testing facility was built for high-spower MSOFC stacks. Comprehensive models were developed for fuel cell performance and for analyzing structural stresses in multicell stacks and electrical resistance of various stack configurations. Mechanical and chemical compatibility properties of fuel cell components were measured; they show that the baseline Ca-, Co-doped interconnect expands and weakens in hydrogen fuel. This and the failure to develop adequate sealants were the reason for performance shortfalls in large stacks. Small (1-in. footprint) two-cell stacks were fabricated which achieved good performance (average area-specific-resistance 1.0 ohm-cm{sup 2} per cell); however, larger stacks had stress-induced structural defects causing poor performance.
CoalFleet User Design Basis Specification for Coal-Based Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) Power Plants
The Duke Edwardsport integrated gasification combined-cycle (IGCC) power plant started up in 2012, and Mississippi Power�s Kemper County IGCC plant is in construction. The capital cost of these initial commercial scale IGCC plants is high. The industry needs specifications that encourage greater standardization in IGCC design in order to bring down the investment cost for the next generation of plants. Standardization also supports repeatable, reliable performance and reduces the time and cost ...
Investigation on the Benefits of Safety Margin Improvement in CANDU Nuclear Power Plant Using an FPGA-based Shutdown System.
??The relationship between response time and safety margin of CANadian Deuterium Uranium (CANDU) nuclear power plant (NPP) is investigated in this thesis. Implementation of safety� (more)
She, Jingke
Reliable, Efficient and Cost-Effective Electric Power Converter for Small Wind Turbines Based on AC-link Technology
Grid-tied inverter power electronics have been an Achilles heel of the small wind industry, providing opportunity for new technologies to provide lower costs, greater efficiency, and improved reliability. The small wind turbine market is also moving towards the 50-100kW size range. The unique AC-link power conversion technology provides efficiency, reliability, and power quality advantages over existing technologies, and Princeton Power will adapt prototype designs used for industrial asynchronous motor control to a 50kW small wind turbine design.
Darren Hammell; Mark Holveck; DOE Project Officer - Keith Bennett
Design & development fo a 20-MW flywheel-based frequency regulation power plant : a study for the DOE Energy Storage Systems program.
This report describes the successful efforts of Beacon Power to design and develop a 20-MW frequency regulation power plant based solely on flywheels. Beacon's Smart Matrix (Flywheel) Systems regulation power plant, unlike coal or natural gas generators, will not burn fossil fuel or directly produce particulates or other air emissions and will have the ability to ramp up or down in a matter of seconds. The report describes how data from the scaled Beacon system, deployed in California and New York, proved that the flywheel-based systems provided faster responding regulation services in terms of cost-performance and environmental impact. Included in the report is a description of Beacon's design package for a generic, multi-MW flywheel-based regulation power plant that allows accurate bids from a design/build contractor and Beacon's recommendations for site requirements that would ensure the fastest possible construction. The paper concludes with a statement about Beacon's plans for a lower cost, modular-style substation based on the 20-MW design.
Rounds, Robert (Beacon Power, Tyngsboro, MA); Peek, Georgianne Huff
Modeling of the charging characteristic of linear-type superconducting power supply using granular-based radial basis function neural networks
Since superconducting coils cause the current decay due to connection resistance and intrinsic characteristic in the persistent current mode, various current compensations should be required to maintain stable property in the superconducting magnet system. ... Keywords: Charging characteristic, Fuzzy C-means (FCM) clustering method, Granular-based radial basis function neural network, Information granules, K-means clustering, Linear-type superconducting power supply
H. -S. Park; W. Pedrycz; Y. -D. Chung; S. -K. Oh
Detection and characterization of multiple power quality disturbances with a fast S-transform and decision tree based classifier
This paper proposes fast variants of the discrete S-transform (FDST) algorithm to accurately extract the time localized spectral characteristics of nonstationary signals. Novel frequency partitioning schemes along with band pass filtering are proposed ... Keywords: Decision tree, Fast S-transform, Pattern recognition, Power quality waveform detection, Power system quality
Milan Biswal, P. K. Dash
Journal of Low Power Electronics, Vol. 6, N 2, August 2010 A Markovian Decision-based Approach for Extending
state is x and action ax is chosen , xa x x Transition rate of the power-managed system from state x, where an entry represents the transition rate from one state to another; an action set; and a reward frequency of 206MHz. The CP in the host was Orinoco WLAN PC card. The power consumption and state transition
High Level Power Estimation based on a functional analysis for Embedded DSP Johann LAURENT Nathalie JULIEN Eric SENN Eric MARTIN
of the telecommunication sector, mobile telephony is responsible for half of its consumption [2]. Detailed insight the average power consumption of equipment dating before the year 2000 as 1.1 kW. From this time forward modeling we will presume this num- ber as an average power consumption of a state-of-the-art BS
Study on a method of design for rural power distribution lines based on 3D GIS technology
The aim of this paper is to study a three-dimensional GIS method of design for power distribution lines in rural areas, by applying SuperMap to the GIS, and to integrate the visual computer programming environment in the secondary development. A three-dimensional ... Keywords: Digital elevation model, GIS, Power distribution lines, Section map
Yong Yang; Yong-Fu Liu; Ying-Li Cao
Direct Coherency Identification of Synchronous Generators in Taiwan Power System Based on Fuzzy c-Means Clustering
This paper is to investigate the application of fuzzy c-means clustering to the direct identification of coherent synchronous generators in power systems. Because of the conceptual appropriateness and computational simplicity, this approach is essentially ... Keywords: cluster analysis, coherency identification, coherency measure, fuzzy c-means, power system dynamic equivalent
Shu-Chen Wang; Pei-Hwa Huang; Chi-Jui Wu; Yung-Sung Chuang
Soft computing based multi-objective optimization of steam cycle power plant using NSGA-II and ANN
In this paper a steam turbine power plant is thermo-economically modeled and optimized. For this purpose, the data for actual running power plant are used for modeling, verifying the results and optimization. Turbine inlet temperature, boiler pressure, ... Keywords: Artificial Neural Network, NSGA-II, Steam turbine cycle, Thermal efficiency, Total cost rate
Farzaneh Hajabdollahi; Zahra Hajabdollahi; Hassan Hajabdollahi
Improved VIKOR Algorithm Based on AHP and Shannon Entropy in the Selection of Thermal Power Enterprise's Coal Suppliers
In order to select the thermal power enterprise�s coal suppliers properly, certain attributes of the suppliers should be carefully analysis. Supplier selection is a multi criteria problem which multi attributions of the suppliers should be considered. ... Keywords: thermal power, VIKOR, Shannon Entropy, AHP
Ma Lihong; Zhang Yanping; Zhao Zhiwei
Soft-Sensor Modeling on NOx Emission of Power Station Boilers Based on Least Squares Support Vector Machines
The online monitoring for NOx emission of coal-fired boilers in power plants is more difficult to achieve. The soft-sensor technology of artificial neural network (ANN) method that was commonly used has not strong generalization ability, but support ... Keywords: NOx emission, support vector machines, soft sensor, modeling, power station boilers
Feng Lei-hua; Gui Wei-hua; Yang Feng
Research on Active Power Factor Correction of the Electronic Ballast for High-Pressure Sodium Lamps Based on L6563
In the recent years, there has been a growing interest in the design of high-pressure sodium lamp electronic ballast. Two measures are proposed to improve the power factor of high-pressure sodium lamp electronic ballasts from the definition of harmonic ... Keywords: high-pressure sodium lamps, electronic ballast, active power factor correction, L6563
Sun Jing
Probabilistic safety assessment and reliability based maintenance policies: application to the emergency diesel generators of a nuclear power plant
This study is performed on the four 2.5 MWe emergency diesel generator (EDG) sets of Hydro-Quebec Gentilly-2 Nuclear Power Station. EDGs are safety related systems for the case of the loss of off-site power. This study establishes the basis of an enhanced ... Keywords: emergency diesel generator, maintenance policy, probabilistic safety assessment
Georges Abdul-Nour; Michel Demers; Raynald Vaillancourt
Karnataka Power Corporation Limited and National Thermal Power Corporation
Karnataka Power Corporation Limited and National Thermal Power Corporation Karnataka Power Corporation Limited and National Thermal Power Corporation JV Jump to: navigation, search Name Karnataka Power Corporation Limited and National Thermal Power Corporation JV Place India Sector Wind energy Product India-based wind power project developer. References Karnataka Power Corporation Limited and National Thermal Power Corporation JV[1] LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. Karnataka Power Corporation Limited and National Thermal Power Corporation JV is a company located in India . References ↑ "Karnataka Power Corporation Limited and National Thermal Power Corporation JV" Retrieved from "http://en.openei.org/w/index.php?title=Karnataka_Power_Corporation_Limited_and_National_Thermal_Power_Corporation_JV&oldid=3479
Dynamic power management with hybrid power sources
DPM (Dynamic Power Management) is an effective technique for reducing the energy consumption of embedded systems that is based on migrating to a low power state when possible. While conventional DPM minimizes the energy consumption of the embedded system, ... Keywords: DPM, embedded system, fuel cell, hybrid power
Jianli Zhuo; Chaitali Chakrabarti; Kyungsoo Lee; Naehyuck Chang
LIFE Power Plant Fusion Power Associates
LIFE Power Plant Fusion Power Associates December 14, 2011 Mike Dunne LLNL #12;NIf-1111-23714.ppt LIFE power plant 2 #12;LIFE delivery timescale NIf-1111-23714.ppt 3 #12;Timely delivery is enabled near-term, NIF based, NIC-derivative fusion performance § 3 allows small, thin Fresnel lenses enables
Using risk-based regulations for licensing nuclear power plants : case study of gas-cooled fast reactor
The strategy adopted for national energy supply is one of the most important policy choice for the US. Although it has been dismissed in the past decades, nuclear power today has key assets when facing concerns on energy ...
Jourdan, Gr�goire
Dynamic performance of restructured wholesale power markets with learning generation companies: an agent-based test bed study.
??In April 2003, the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) proposed a new market design for U.S. wholesale power markets. Core features of this design� (more)
Li, Hongyan
Brookfield Renewable Power Corp formerly Brascan Power Corp ...
Hydro, Wind energy Product Toronto-based owner, operator and developer of hydroelectric power facilities, co-generation and wind power assets. Coordinates 43.64856,...
Application of bounding spectra to seismic design of piping based on the performance of above ground piping in power plants subjected to strong motion earthquakes
This report extends the potential application of Bounding Spectra evaluation procedures, developed as part of the A-46 Unresolved Safety Issue applicable to seismic verification of in-situ electrical and mechanical equipment, to in-situ safety related piping in nuclear power plants. The report presents a summary of earthquake experience data which define the behavior of typical U.S. power plant piping subject to strong motion earthquakes. The report defines those piping system caveats which would assure the seismic adequacy of the piping systems which meet those caveats and whose seismic demand are within the bounding spectra input. Based on the observed behavior of piping in strong motion earthquakes, the report describes the capabilities of the piping system to carry seismic loads as a function of the type of connection (i.e. threaded versus welded). This report also discusses in some detail the basic causes and mechanisms for earthquake damages and failures to power plant piping systems.
Stevenson, J.D. [Stevenson and Associates, Cleveland, OH (United States)
Power Full | Open Energy Information
Full Jump to: navigation, search Name Power Full Place China Sector Wind energy Product China-based investment holding company that owns 100% of Ruifeng Windpower. References Power...
IKOR Power | Open Energy Information
search Name IKOR Power Place Fort Collins, Colorado Zip 80525 Product Colorado-based, technology-driven supplier of power delivery solutions for original equipment...
Enex Power Germany | Open Energy Information
Enex Power Germany Jump to: navigation, search Name Enex Power Germany Place Geretsried, Germany Sector Geothermal energy Product Germany-based subsidiary of Enex Power, developing...
IBM POWER6 microarchitecture
This paper describes the implementation of the IBM POWER6� microprocessor, a two-way simultaneous multithreaded (SMT) dual-core chip whose key features include binary compatibility with IBM POWER5� microprocessor-based systems; increased ...
H. Q. Le; W. J. Starke; J. S. Fields; F. P. O'Connell; D. Q. Nguyen; B. J. Ronchetti; W. M. Sauer; E. M. Schwarz; M. T. Vaden
A Stator-Voltage Decoupling Control Strategy for DFIG-based Wind Power Turbine Supplying Local Isolated Load
The performance of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind turbines supplying local isolated load is manly up to the stator-voltage control strategy. Compared with conventional steady mathematic model based one, a dynamic mathematic model based ... Keywords: dynamic model, supplying local isolated load, decoupling stator-voltage control, DFIG-based wind turbine
Long Zhan; Shuying Yang; Hui Gao
Human Factors Engineering for Managers: Computer-Based Training for Utilities Involved in New Nuclear Power Plant Designs, Construct ion and Operation - 2012
This product provides a computer-based training (CBT) course in human factors engineering (HFE) for managers. The training materials for this course were developed to provide a foundation in HFE for managers at utilities involved in new nuclear power plants (NPPs). This course will help managers who may be expected to manage the interactions with the vendor and U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) during new plant design certification, detailed design and implementation, and development of procedur...
Bench-scale Development of an Advanced Solid sorbent-based CO2 Capture Process for Coal-fired Power Plalnts
scale Development of an scale Development of an Advanced Solid Sorbent-based CO 2 Capture Process for Coal-fired Power Plants Background The mission of the U.S. Department of Energy/National Energy Technology Laboratory (DOE/NETL) Existing Plants, Emissions, & Capture (EPEC) Research & Development (R&D) Program is to develop innovative environmental control technologies to enable full use of the nation's vast coal reserves, while at the same time allowing the current
A Kind of New Ultra-low Power Smart Three-Phase Meter Design Based on MSP430
With the gradual development of smart power grids, smart meters also gradually developed, and used to replace the traditional meter. Internet of Things technology, especially the combination of wireless sensing, embedded technologies and smart meters, ... Keywords: smart meters, MCU, MSP430FG4618, ADE7758
Wanli Chen; Zhaoping Wang
A Bayesian Learning Model in the Agent-based Bilateral Negotiation between the Coal Producers and Electric Power Generators
The reform of China�s coal sector has changed the traditional relationship of the coal producers and electric power generators, and now most of the coal the coal producers sell to the generators is transacted through electric coal bilateral contracts, ... Keywords: Electric price, Agent, Bayesian Learning
Mingwen Zhang; Zhongfu Tan; Jianbao Zhao; Li Li
Design optimization methodology for power converters based on global energy requirement criteria. Application to a DC-DC flyback structure
produce direct current, and most existing electric loads could be powered with direct currents [4», « Life Cycle Analysis (LCA)», «Device modeling». Abstract This paper discusses a design methodology consumption profile. Introduction Nowadays, converters are currently designed to present the best cost and
Hybrid Electric Vehicle Power Management Solutions Based on Isolated and Non-Isolated Configurations of MMCCC Converter
This paper presents the various configurations of a multilevel modular capacitor-clamped converter (MMCCC), and it reveals many useful and new formations of the original MMCCC for transferring power in either an isolated or nonisolated manner. The various features of the original MMCCC circuit are best suited for a multibus system in future plug-in hybrid or fuel-cell-powered vehicles' drive train. The original MMCCC is capable of bidirectional power transfer using multilevel modular structure with capacitor-clamped topology. It has a nonisolated structure, and it offers very high efficiency even at partial loads. This circuit was modified to integrate single or multiple high-frequency transformers by using the intermediate voltage nodes of the converter. On the other hand, a special formation of the MMCCC can exhibit dc outputs offering limited isolation without using any isolation transformer. This modified version can produce a high conversion ratio from a limited number of components and has several useful applications in providing power to multiple low-voltage loads in a hybrid or electric automobile. This paper will investigate the origin of generating ac outputs from the MMCCC and shows how the transformer-free version can be modified to create limited isolation from the circuit. In addition, this paper will compare various modified forms of the MMCCC topology with existing dc-dc converter circuits from compactness and component utilization perspectives.
Khan, Faisal H [ORNL; Tolbert, Leon M [ORNL; Webb, William E [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)
A function based fuzzy controller for VSC-HVDC system to enhance transient stability of AC/DC power system
This paper presents a robust function based optimized fuzzy controller for VSC-HVDC transmission link operating in parallel with an AC transmission line connecting a synchronous generator to infinite bus. A two input one output methodology based optimized ...
Niranjan Nayak; Sangram Kesari Routray; Pravat Kumar Rout
Duke Power | Open Energy Information
Power Jump to: navigation, search Name Duke Power Place Charlotte, NC Website http:www.duke-energy.com References Duke Power Website1 LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile...
US Department of Energy`s high-temperature and high-pressure particulate cleanup for advanced coal-based power systems
The availability of reliable, low-cost electricity is a cornerstone for the United States` ability to compete in the world market. The Department of Energy (DOE) projects the total consumption of electricity in the US to rise from 2.7 trillion kilowatt-hours in 1990 to 3.5 trillion in 2010. Although energy sources are diversifying, fossil fuel still produces 90 percent of the nation`s energy. Coal is our most abundant fossil fuel resource and the source of 56 percent of our electricity. It has been the fuel of choice because of its availability and low cost. A new generation of high-efficiency power systems has made it possible to continue the use of coal while still protecting the environment. Such power systems greatly reduce the pollutants associated with cola-fired plants built before the 1970s. To realize this high efficiency and superior environmental performance, advanced coal-based power systems will require gas stream cleanup under high-temperature and high-pressure (HTHP) process conditions. Presented in this paper are the HTHP particulate capture requirements for the Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) and Pressurized Fluidized-Bed Combustion (PFBC) power systems, the HTHP particulate cleanup systems being implemented in the PFBC and IGCC Clean Coal Technology (CCT) Projects, and the currently available particulate capture performance results.
Dennis, R.A.
Cheng Power Systems | Open Energy Information
technology based on rotating frequency, that improves output, efficiency and emissions of power generating plants. References Cheng Power Systems1 LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase...
Plant-Wide Performance and Cost Analysis of Ion Transport Membrane-Based Oxy-Combustion Power Generation Systems
The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) in conjunction with Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., (AP) and WorleyParsons, Inc. (WP) has reviewed and modeled oxy-combustion, a method of burning coal using oxygen rather than air to facilitate the separation, capture, and remediation of carbon by producing a flue gas stream more concentrated in carbon dioxide (CO2). This report presents modeling results for oxy-combustion systems using two different oxygen separation techniques: traditional ...
SaskPower Small Power Producers Program (Saskatchewan, Canada) | Department
SaskPower Small Power Producers Program (Saskatchewan, Canada) SaskPower Small Power Producers Program (Saskatchewan, Canada) SaskPower Small Power Producers Program (Saskatchewan, Canada) < Back Eligibility Commercial Agricultural Industrial Residential Savings Category Solar Buying & Making Electricity Program Info Funding Source SaskPower State Saskatchewan Program Type Performance-Based Incentive Provider SaskPower The Small Power Producers Program accommodates customers who wish to generate up to 100 kilowatts (kW) of electricity for the purpose of offsetting power that would otherwise be purchased from SaskPower or for selling all of the power generated to SaskPower. At the beginning of the application process, you need to choose between one of two options: Sell all of the power you produce to SaskPower, or sell the
Thin film nanoporous silica and graphene based biofuel cells (iBFCs) for low-power implantable medical device applications.
??This thesis describes the fabrication and characterization of an inorganic catalyst based glucose Biofuel cell using nanoporous (mesoporous) silica thin-film as a functional membrane. The� (more)
Sharma, Tushar
Evaluation of the Emission, Transport, and Deposition of Mercury, Arsenic, and Fine Particulate Matter From Coal-Based Power Plants in the Ohio River Valley
Kevin crist Kevin crist Principal Investigator Ohio University Research and Technology Center Athens, OH 45701 740-593-4751 email@example.com Environmental and Water Resources Evaluation of thE Emission, transport, and dEposition of mErcury, arsEnic, and finE particulatE mattEr from coal-BasEd powEr plants in thE ohio rivEr vallEy rEgion Background The U.S. Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) has established an aggressive research initiative to address the technical and scientific issues surrounding the impact of coal-based power systems on ambient levels of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ), nitrogen oxides (NO X ), mercury/air toxics, and acid gases. Regulatory drivers such as the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments, the 1997 revised National Ambient Air Quality Standards, and the 2005 Clean Air
Dose commitments due to radioactive releases from nuclear power plant sites: Methodology and data base. Supplement 1
This manual describes a dose assessment system used to estimate the population or collective dose commitments received via both airborne and waterborne pathways by persons living within a 2- to 80-kilometer region of a commercial operating power reactor for a specific year of effluent releases. Computer programs, data files, and utility routines are included which can be used in conjunction with an IBM or compatible personal computer to produce the required dose commitments and their statistical distributions. In addition, maximum individual airborne and waterborne dose commitments are estimated and compared to 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix 1, design objectives. This supplement is the last report in the NUREG/CR-2850 series.
Baker, D.A. [Pacific Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA (United States)] [Pacific Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA (United States)
Power Operations
Power Operations Outage Coordination Standards of Conduct Transmission Planning You are here: SN Home page > Power Operations Power Operations Western's Sierra Nevada Region...
Improved Performance of an Air Cooled Condenser (ACC) Using SPX Wind Guide Technology at Coal-Based Thermoelectric Power Plants
This project added a new airflow enhancement technology to an existing ACC cooling process at a selected coal power plant. Airflow parameters and efficiency improvement for the main plant cooling process using the applied technology were determined and compared with the capabilities of existing systems. The project required significant planning and pre-test execution in order to reach the required Air Cooled Condenser system configuration for evaluation. A host Power Plant ACC system had to be identified, agreement finalized, and addition of the SPX ACC Wind Guide Technology completed on that site. Design of the modification, along with procurement, fabrication, instrumentation, and installation of the new airflow enhancement technology were executed. Baseline and post-modification cooling system data was collected and evaluated. The improvement of ACC thermal performance after SPX wind guide installation was clear. Testing of the improvement indicates there is a 5% improvement in heat transfer coefficient in high wind conditions and 1% improvement at low wind speed. The benefit increased with increasing wind speed. This project was completed on schedule and within budget.
Ken Mortensen
Monolithic solid oxide fuel cell technology advancement for coal-based power generation. Quarterly technical status report, January--March 1992
Fuel Cell Power Model Version 2: Startup Guide, System Designs, and Case Studies. Modeling Electricity, Heat, and Hydrogen Generation from Fuel Cell-Based Distributed Energy Systems
This guide helps users get started with the U.S. Department of Energy/National Renewable Energy Laboratory Fuel Cell Power (FCPower) Model Version 2, which is a Microsoft Excel workbook that analyzes the technical and economic aspects of high-temperature fuel cell-based distributed energy systems with the aim of providing consistent, transparent, comparable results. This type of energy system would provide onsite-generated heat and electricity to large end users such as hospitals and office complexes. The hydrogen produced could be used for fueling vehicles or stored for later conversion to electricity.
Steward, D.; Penev, M.; Saur, G.; Becker, W.; Zuboy, J.
Internet Based, GIS Catalog of Non-Traditional Sources of Cooling Water for Use at America's Coal-Fired Power Plants
In recent years, rising populations and regional droughts have caused coal-fired power plants to temporarily curtail or cease production due to a lack of available water for cooling. In addition, concerns about the availability of adequate supplies of cooling water have resulted in cancellation of plans to build much-needed new power plants. These issues, coupled with concern over the possible impacts of global climate change, have caused industry and community planners to seek alternate sources of water to supplement or replace existing supplies. The Department of Energy, through the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) is researching ways to reduce the water demands of coal-fired power plants. As part of the NETL Program, ALL Consulting developed an internet-based Catalog of potential alternative sources of cooling water. The Catalog identifies alternative sources of water, such as mine discharge water, oil and gas produced water, saline aquifers, and publicly owned treatment works (POTWs), which could be used to supplement or replace existing surface water sources. This report provides an overview of the Catalog, and examines the benefits and challenges of using these alternative water sources for cooling water.
J. Daniel Arthur
Open-cycle magnetohydrodynamic power plant based upon direct-contact closed-loop high-temperature heat exchanger
A magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) power generating system in which ionized combustion gases with slag and seed are discharged from an MHD combustor and pressurized high temperature inlet air is introduced into the combustor for supporting fuel combustion at high temperatures necessary to ionize the combustion gases, and including a heat exchanger in the form of a continuous loop with a circulating heat transfer liquid such as copper oxide. The heat exchanger has an upper horizontal channel for providing direct contact between the heat transfer liquid and the combustion gases to cool the gases and condense the slag which thereupon floats on the heat transfer liquid and can be removed from the channel, and a lower horizontal channel for providing direct contact between the heat transfer liquid and pressurized air for preheating the inlet air. The system further includes a seed separator downstream of the heat exchanger.
Berry, Gregory F. (Naperville, IL); Minkov, Vladimir (Skokie, IL); Petrick, Michael (Joliet, IL)
Projections of U. S. GHG Reductions from Nuclear Power New Capacity Based on Historic Levels of Investment
Historical rates of capital investment in nuclear plant construction was used as a guide to estimate the rate of future capacity introduction. The magnitude of nuclear capacity was then used to determine the effect on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from electrical production in the U.S. to 2050. Total capital investment in nuclear power plant construction for every U.S. nuclear unit from 1964 to 1990 were obtained and the total investment and divided by their construction period to provide a value for possible rate of investment. The total linear rate of capital expenditure over the entire period was determined as well as that for the period of peak construction from 1973 to 1985, $11.5 billion/y and $17.9 billion/y, respectively in 2004$. These were used with a variety of capital cost estimates for nuclear construction to obtain several scenarios for nuclear capacity additions. Total nuclear generation out to 2050 was calculated assuming current plants would be constrained by 60-year operating licenses (i.e., a single 20-year life extension). The effect on nuclear generating capacity was projected and the resultant impact on GHG emissions determined assuming nuclear would directly replace coal-fired generation. It was concluded that actually reductions in emissions would not be experienced until 2038, yet growth in emissions from electrical production would be slowed up through that point. Nuclear energy, therefore cannot have a dramatic short-term effect on emissions, as likely cannot any energy producing technology due to the significant time to introduce large-scale changes. Nuclear power, however, can have a major longer term impact on emissions, particularly under more favorable cost and investment conditions.
Besmann, Theodore M [ORNL
In 2001, the Gas Technology Institute (GTI) entered into Cooperative Agreement DE-FC26-01NT41108 with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) for an Agenda 2020 project to develop an advanced biomass gasification-based power generation system for near-term deployment in the Forest Products Industry (FPI). The advanced power system combines three advanced components, including biomass gasification, 3-stage stoker-fired combustion for biomass conversion, and externally recuperated gas turbines (ERGTs) for power generation. The primary performance goals for the advanced power system are to provide increased self-generated power production for the mill and to increase wastewood utilization while decreasing fossil fuel use. Additional goals are to reduce boiler NOx and CO{sub 2} emissions. The current study was conducted to determine the technical and economic feasibility of an Advanced Power Generation System capable of meeting these goals so that a capital investment decision can be made regarding its implementation at a paper mill demonstration site in DeRidder, LA. Preliminary designs and cost estimates were developed for all major equipment, boiler modifications and balance of plant requirements including all utilities required for the project. A three-step implementation plan was developed to reduce technology risk. The plant design was found to meet the primary objectives of the project for increased bark utilization, decreased fossil fuel use, and increased self-generated power in the mill. Bark utilization for the modified plant is significantly higher (90-130%) than current operation compared to the 50% design goal. For equivalent steam production, the total gas usage for the fully implemented plant is 29% lower than current operation. While the current average steam production from No.2 Boiler is about 213,000 lb/h, the total steam production from the modified plant is 379,000 lb/h. This steam production increase will be accomplished at a grate heat release rate (GHRR) equal to the original boiler design. Boiler efficiencies (cogeneration-steam plus air) is increased from the original design value of 70% to 78.9% due to a combination of improved burnout, operation with lower excess air, and drier fuel. For the fully implemented plant, the thermal efficiency of fuel to electricity conversion is 79.8% in the cogeneration mode, 5% above the design goal. Finally, self-generated electricity will be increased from the 10.8 MW currently attributable to No.2 Boiler to 46.7MW, an increase of 332%. Environmental benefits derived from the system include a reduction in NOx emissions from the boiler of about 30-50% (90-130 tons/year) through syngas reburning, improved carbon burnout and lower excess air. This does not count NOx reduction that may be associated with replacement of purchased electricity. The project would reduce CO{sub 2} emissions from the generation of electricity to meet the mill's power requirements, including 50,000 tons/yr from a net reduction in gas usage in the mill and an additional 410,000 tons/yr reduction in CO{sub 2} emissions due to a 34 MW reduction of purchased electricity. The total CO{sub 2} reduction amounts to about 33% of the CO{sub 2} currently generated to meet the mills electricity requirement. The overall conclusion of the study is that while significant engineering challenges are presented by the proposed system, they can be met with operationally acceptable and cost effective solutions. The benefits of the system can be realized in an economic manner, with a simple payback period on the order of 6 years. The results of the study are applicable to many paper mills in the U.S. firing woodwastes and other solid fuels for steam and power production.
Bruce Bryan; Joseph Rabovitser; Sunil Ghose; Jim Patel
Green Power Network: Green Power Markets Overview
Green Markets Green Markets Search Search Help More Search Options Search Site Map News TVA Seeks 126 MW of Renewables in 2014 December 2013 More News More News Subscribe to E-Mail Update Subscribe to e-mail update Events EPA Webinar - The Power of Aggregated Purchasing: How to Green Your Electricity Supply & Save Money January 15, 2014 1:00-2:00 p.m. ET Previous Webinars More News Features Green Power Market Status Report (2011 Data) Featured Green Power Reports Green Pricing Green Power Marketing Green Certificates Carbon Offsets State Policies Overview The essence of green power marketing is to provide market-based choices for electricity consumers to purchase power from environmentally preferred sources. The term "green power" is used to define power generated from renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, geothermal, hydropower and various forms of biomass. Green power marketing has the potential to expand domestic markets for renewable energy technologies by fostering greater availability of renewable electric service options in retail markets. Although renewable energy development has traditionally been limited by cost considerations, customer choice allows consumer preferences for cleaner energy sources to be reflected in market transactions. In survey after survey, customers have expressed a preference and willingness to pay more, if necessary, for cleaner energy sources. You can find more information about purchase options on our "Buying Green Power" page.
Program on Technology Innovation: Economic Impacts of Compliance with Dose Based Regulations for Selected Nuclear Power Plant Progra ms
This report explores the economic impact of complying with inconsistent federal and state regulations governing the management of radioactivity. It identifies areas where cost savings might occur if relevant regulations were made consistent with international regulations or if they were updated based on emerging science.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY, VOL. 28, NO. 4, OCTOBER 2013 2373 Market-Based Control in Emerging
electrical distribution systems, a multi- tude of self-interested individual decision makers interacts among prosumers, market- based control needs to make prosumer benets aligned with reg- ulator/DSOs concerns, thus]. With these additional technical and market possibilities, mi- croplayer-like electricity end users are entitled
Nesterov, Yurii
Distributed simulation in manufacturing: EPOCHS: integrated commercial off-the-shelf software for agent-based electric power and communication simulation
This paper reports on the development of the Electric Power and Communication Synchronizing Simulator (EPOCHS), a distributed simulation environment. Existing electric power simulation tools accurately model power systems of the past, which were controlled ...
Kenneth M. Hopkinson; Kenneth P. Birman; Renan Giovanini; Denis V. Coury; Xiaoru Wang; James S. Thorp
Power and Energy also called Power Energy | Open Energy Information
also called Power Energy also called Power Energy Jump to: navigation, search Name Power and Energy (also called Power+Energy) Place Bucks Country, Pennsylvania Sector Hydro, Hydrogen Product Power+Energy develops micro-channel hydrogen purifiers, hydrogen separators, and fuel processing technology. The company has signed development deals with the US Navy and has received USD 2.3m from the Defense Department for its research. References Power and Energy (also called Power+Energy)[1] LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. Power and Energy (also called Power+Energy) is a company located in Bucks Country, Pennsylvania . References ↑ "Power and Energy (also called Power+Energy)"
Microsoft PowerPoint - NEAC on Science Based Fuel Cycle R&D.PPT [Compatibility Mode]
Advanced Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative The Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative Science Based Fuel Cycle y Research and Development Phillip Finck Idaho National Laboratory June 9, 2009 Former Programmatic Approach Incremental improvement of existing technologies to allow for short-term (~20 years) deployment, driven by better utilization of Yucca Mountain y ) p y , y - Specific choice of technologies and integrated system (dictated by time frame and Yucca Mountain characteristics) - Challenges were well identified - Engineering approaches were chosen to address these challenges - Fundamental challenges had also been identified (2006 workshops), but were marginally acted upon (e.g., modeling and simulation) The industrial approach resulted in very limited investment in the tools needed
Power module assembly
A power module assembly of the type suitable for deployment in a vehicular power inverter, wherein the power inverter has a grounded chassis, is provided. The power module assembly comprises a conductive base layer electrically coupled to the chassis, an insulating layer disposed on the conductive base layer, a first conductive node disposed on the insulating layer, a second conductive node disposed on the insulating layer, wherein the first and second conductive nodes are electrically isolated from each other. The power module assembly also comprises a first capacitor having a first electrode electrically connected to the conductive base layer, and a second electrode electrically connected to the first conductive node, and further comprises a second capacitor having a first electrode electrically connected to the conductive base layer, and a second electrode electrically connected to the second conductive node.
Campbell, Jeremy B. (Torrance, CA); Newson, Steve (Redondo Beach, CA)
Military power requirements and backup power considerations
All US Air Force (USAF) facilities have certain critical power requirements that must be met in order to carry out their mission successfully. Internal USAF studies have shown that the mission can degrade precipitously as the available power decreases below the mission critical level. Now, more than ever before, the military and private industry are finding that certain functions, such as automated data processing and automated process control, respond catastrophically to power reductions. Furthermore, increased reliance on electrical power means, in the case of the Air Force, that critical power requirements are anticipated to increase by half over the next 15 yr. For these reasons and others, the USAF is investigating several means of improving the availability of electric power under adverse conditions above that which can be provided by an off-base supplier. Among the approaches to this problem being pursued at this time are a program to improve all sorts of generator sets on a service-wide basis and the Multimegawatt Terrestrial Power (MTP) Program, which is pursuing the design and testing of a small dedicated nuclear power source to provide critical mission power. The purpose of this paper is to provide some insight into some of the issues associated with USAF power programs.
Botts, T.E.
Power mixture and green body for producing silicon nitride base articles of high fracture toughness and strength
A powder mixture and a green body for producing a silicon nitride-based article of improved fracture toughness and strength are disclosed. The powder mixture includes (a) a bimodal silicon nitride powder blend consisting essentially of about 10-30% by weight of a first silicon nitride powder of an average particle size of about 0.2 [mu]m and a surface area of about 8-12m[sup 2]g, and about 70-90% by weight of a second silicon nitride powder of an average particle size of about 0.4-0.6 [mu]m and a surface area of about 2-4 m[sup 2]/g, (b) about 10-50 percent by volume, based on the volume of the densified article, of refractory whiskers or fibers having an aspect ratio of about 3-150 and having an equivalent diameter selected to produce in the densified article an equivalent diameter ratio of the whiskers or fibers to grains of silicon nitride of greater than 1.0, and (c) an effective amount of a suitable oxide densification aid. The green body is formed from the powder mixture, an effective amount of a suitable oxide densification aid, and an effective amount of a suitable organic binder. No Drawings
Huckabee, M.L.; Buljan, S.T.; Neil, J.T.
Power mixture and green body for producing silicon nitride base & articles of high fracture toughness and strength
A powder mixture and a green body for producing a silicon nitride-based article of improved fracture toughness and strength. The powder mixture includes 9a) a bimodal silicon nitride powder blend consisting essentially of about 10-30% by weight of a first silicon mitride powder of an average particle size of about 0.2 .mu.m and a surface area of about 8-12m.sup.2 g, and about 70-90% by weight of a second silicon nitride powder of an average particle size of about 0.4-0.6 .mu.m and a surface area of about 2-4 m.sup.2 /g, (b) about 10-50 percent by volume, based on the volume of the densified article, of refractory whiskers or fibers having an aspect ratio of about 3-150 and having an equivalent diameter selected to produce in the densified articel an equivalent diameter ratio of the whiskers or fibers to grains of silicon nitride of greater than 1.0, and (c) an effective amount of a suitable oxide densification aid. The green body is formed from the powder mixture, an effective amount of a suitable oxide densification aid, and an effective amount of a suitable organic binder.
Huckabee, Marvin L. (Marlboro, MA); Buljan, Sergej-Tomislav (Acton, MA); Neil, Jeffrey T. (Acton, MA)
Gansu China Power Jiuquan Wind Power Co Ltd | Open Energy Information
Power Jiuquan Wind Power Co Ltd Jump to: navigation, search Name Gansu China Power Jiuquan Wind Power Co Ltd Place Gansu Province, China Sector Wind energy Product China-based wind...
Stabilization of spent sorbents from coal-based power generation processes. Technical report, September 1, 1995--November 30,1995
The overall objective of this study is to determine the effect of implementation of the new and more stringent EPA Protocol Test Method involving sulfide containing waste, on the suitability of the oxidized spent sorbents from gasification of of high sulfur coals for disposal in landfills, and to determine the optimum operating conditions in a ``final`` hydrolysis stage for conversion of the residual calcium sulfide in these wastes to materials that are suitable for disposal in landfills. An additional objective is to study the effect of ash on the regeneration and ash-sorbent separation steps in the Spent Sorbent Regeneration Process (SSRP). To achieve these objectives, a large set of oxidized samples of sulfided calcium-based sorbents (produced in earlier ICCI-funded programs) as well as oxidized samples of gasifier discharge (containing ash and spent sorbent) are tested according to the new EPA test protocol. Samples of the oxidized spent sorbents that do not pass the EPA procedure are reacted with water and carbon dioxide to convert the residual calcium sulfide to calcium carbonate. During this quarter, samples of oxidized sulfided calcium-based sorbents, including untreated calcium sulfide-containing feed materials, were analyzed using both weak acid and more stringent strong acid tests. Preliminary analysis of the H{sub 2}S leachability test results indicate that all samples (including those that were not oxidized) pass the EPA requirement of 500 mg H{sub 2}S per kg of solid waste. However, under the strong acid test procedure, samples containing more than 2.5% calcium sulfide fail the EPA requirement.
Abbassian, J.; Hill, A.H. [Institute of Gas Technology, Chicago, IL (United States)
Requirements for Computer Based-Procedures for Nuclear Power Plant Field Operators Results from a Qualitative Study
Although computer-based procedures (CBPs) have been investigated as a way to enhance operator performance on procedural tasks in the nuclear industry for almost thirty years, they are not currently widely deployed at United States utilities. One of the barriers to the wide scale deployment of CBPs is the lack of operational experience with CBPs that could serve as a sound basis for justifying the use of CBPs for nuclear utilities. Utilities are hesitant to adopt CBPs because of concern over potential costs of implementation, and concern over regulatory approval. Regulators require a sound technical basis for the use of any procedure at the utilities; without operating experience to support the use CBPs, it is difficult to establish such a technical basis. In an effort to begin the process of developing a technical basis for CBPs, researchers at Idaho National Laboratory are partnering with industry to explore CBPs with the objective of defining requirements for CBPs and developing an industry-wide vision and path forward for the use of CBPs. This paper describes the results from a qualitative study aimed at defining requirements for CBPs to be used by field operators and maintenance technicians.
Katya Le Blanc; Johanna Oxstrand
Economic feasibility analysis of distributed electric power generation based upon the natural gas-fired fuel cell. Final report
The final report provides a summary of results of the Cost of Ownership Model and the circumstances under which a distributed fuel cell is economically viable. The analysis is based on a series of micro computer models estimate the capital and operations cost of a fuel cell central utility plant configuration. Using a survey of thermal and electrical demand profiles, the study defines a series of energy user classes. The energy user class demand requirements are entered into the central utility plant model to define the required size the fuel cell capacity and all supporting equipment. The central plant model includes provisions that enables the analyst to select optional plant features that are most appropriate to a fuel cell application, and that are cost effective. The model permits the choice of system features that would be suitable for a large condominium complex or a residential institution such as a hotel, boarding school or prison. Other applications are also practical; however, such applications have a higher relative demand for thermal energy, a characteristic that is well-suited to a fuel cell application with its free source of hot water or steam. The analysis combines the capital and operation from the preceding models into a Cost of Ownership Model to compute the plant capital and operating costs as a function of capacity and principal features and compares these estimates to the estimated operating cost of the same central plant configuration without a fuel cell.
Transient thermal analysis of three fast-charging latent heat storage configurations for a space-based power system
A space-based thermal storage application must accept large quantities of heat in a short period of time at an elevated temperature. A model of a lithium hydride phase change energy storage system was used to estimate reasonable physical dimensions for this application which included the use of a liquid metal heat transfer fluid. A finite difference computer code was developed and used to evaluate three methods of enhancing heat transfer in the PCM energy storage system. None of these three methods, inserting thin fins, reticulated nickel, or liquid lithium, significantly improved the system performance. The use of a 95% void fraction reticulated nickel insert was found to increase the storage capacity (total energy stored) of the system slightly with only a small decrease in the system energy density (energy storage/system mass). The addition of 10% liquid lithium was found to cause minor increases in both storage density and storage capacity with the added benefit of reducing the hydrogen pressure of the lithium hydride. 9 refs., 7 figs., 2 tabs.
Stovall, T.K.; Arimilli, R.V.
Energy Storage & Power Electronics 2008 Peer Review - Power Electronic...
Converters - Marcelo Schupbach, APEI.pdf ESPE 2008 Peer Review - High-Efficiency Compact SiC-Based Power Converter System - Timothy Lin, Aegis.pdf ESPE 2008 Peer Review - SiC Power...
Renewable Power Systems LLC | Open Energy Information
Renewable Power Systems, LLC Place Averill Park, New York Zip 12018 Sector Solar Product Albany, New York-based solar systems installer. References Renewable Power Systems, LLC1...
Hainan Green Islands Power | Open Energy Information
Islands Power Jump to: navigation, search Name Hainan Green Islands Power Place Hainan Province, China Sector Solar Product China-based JV developing on-grid solar projects....
Sundance Power LLC | Open Energy Information
Power LLC Place Golden, Colorado Zip 80401 Sector Solar Product Sundance provides turnkey solar PV installations. References Sundance Power LLC1 LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase...
PowerPerfector | Open Energy Information
Product Voltage Power Optimisation technology that reduces electricity consumption, costs and carbon emissions. References PowerPerfector1 LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase...
Heilongjiang Lishu Wind Power | Open Energy Information
Lishu Wind Power Jump to: navigation, search Name Heilongjiang Lishu Wind Power Place Heilongjiang Province, China Sector Wind energy Product China-based wind project developer...
Gansu Xinhui Wind Power | Open Energy Information
Xinhui Wind Power Jump to: navigation, search Name Gansu Xinhui Wind Power Place China Sector Wind energy Product China-based joint venture engaged in developing wind projects....
Argus Power Technology | Open Energy Information
Argus Power Technology Jump to: navigation, search Name Argus Power Technology Place Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China Zip 450001 Product China-based company that manufactures...
Fuel Cycle Comparison for Distributed Power Technologies
Fuel Cell Technologies Publication and Product Library (EERE)
This report examines backup power and prime power systems and addresses the potential energy and environmental effects of substituting fuel cells for existing combustion technologies based on microtur
Tata Power Ltd | Open Energy Information
Power Ltd Jump to: navigation, search Name Tata Power Ltd. Place Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Zip 400 001 Sector Renewable Energy, Solar, Wind energy Product Mumbai-based, BSE...
Vulcan Power Company | Open Energy Information
Bend, Oregon Zip 97702 Sector Geothermal energy Product Oregon-based geothermal power plant developer active in California. References Vulcan Power Company1 LinkedIn...
Improving light output power of InGaN-based light emitting diodes with pattern-nanoporous p-type GaN:Mg surfaces
InGaN-based light emitting diodes (LEDs) with a top pattern-nanoporous p-type GaN:Mg surface were fabricated by using a photoelectrochemical (PEC) process. The peak wavelengths of electroluminescence (EL) and operating voltages were measured as 461.2 nm (3.1 V), 459.6 nm (9.2 V), and 460.1 nm (3.3 V) for conventional, nanoporous, and pattern-nanoporous LEDs using 20 mA operation current. The EL spectrum of the nanoporous LED had a larger blueshift phenomenon as a result of a partial compression strain release in the InGaN active layer through the formation of a top nanoporous surface. The light output power had 12.1% and 26.4% enhancements for the nanoporous and the pattern-nanoporous LEDs compared with conventional LEDs. The larger operating voltage of the nanoporous LED was due to the non-ohmic contact on the PEC treated p-type GaN:Mg surface. By using a pattern-nanoporous p-type GaN:Mg structure, the operating voltage of the pattern-nanoporous LED was reduced to 3.3 V. A lower compression strain in the InGaN active layer and a higher light extraction efficiency at the top nanoporous surface were observed in pattern-nanoporous LEDs for higher efficiency nitride-based LED applications.
Yang, C.C.; Lin, C.F.; Lin, C.M.; Chang, C.C.; Chen, K.T.; Chien, J.F.; Chang, C.Y. [Department of Materials Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan (China)
An economic feasibility analysis of distributed electric power generation based upon the natural gas-fired fuel cell: a model of a central utility plant.
This central utilities plant model details the major elements of a central utilities plant for several classes of users. The model enables the analyst to select optional, cost effective, plant features that are appropriate to a fuel cell application. These features permit the future plant owner to exploit all of the energy produced by the fuel cell, thereby reducing the total cost of ownership. The model further affords the analyst an opportunity to identify avoided costs of the fuel cell-based power plant. This definition establishes the performance and capacity information, appropriate to the class of user, to support the capital cost model and the feasibility analysis. It is detailed only to the depth required to identify the major elements of a fuel cell-based system. The model permits the choice of system features that would be suitable for a large condominium complex or a residential institution such as a hotel, boarding school or prison. The user may also select large office buildings that are characterized by 12 to 16 hours per day of operation or industrial users with a steady demand for thermal and electrical energy around the clock.
An Integrated Modeling Framework for Exploring Network Reconfiguration of Distributed Controlled Homogenous Power Inverter Network using Composite Lyapunov Function Based Reachability Bound
We describe an integrated modeling framework for an interactive power network (IPN) consisting of a power network (PN) and a wireless communication network (WCN). The PN is modeled using a set of piecewise linear (PWL) equations. The WCN is modeled using ... Keywords: Lyapunov stability, Markov-chain model, communication network, distributed control systems, electric power network, joint optimization, linear matrix inequality, optimization, piecewise linear systems, reaching conditions, stability, switching power converters, wireless
Sudip K. Mazumder; Muhammad Tahir; Kaustuva Acharya
A Synergistic Combination of Advanced Separation and Chemical Scale Inhibitor Technologies for Efficient Use of Imparied Water As Cooling Water in Coal-based Power Plants
Nalco Company is partnering with Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) in this project to jointly develop advanced scale control technologies that will provide cost-effective solutions for coal-based power plants to operate recirculating cooling water systems at high cycles using impaired waters. The overall approach is to use combinations of novel membrane separations and scale inhibitor technologies that will work synergistically, with membrane separations reducing the scaling potential of the cooling water and scale inhibitors extending the safe operating range of the cooling water system. The project started on March 31, 2006 and ended in August 30, 2010. The project was a multiyear, multi-phase project with laboratory research and development as well as a small pilot-scale field demonstration. In Phase 1 (Technical Targets and Proof of Concept), the objectives were to establish quantitative technical targets and develop calcite and silica scale inhibitor chemistries for high stress conditions. Additional Phase I work included bench-scale testing to determine the feasibility of two membrane separation technologies (electrodialysis ED and electrode-ionization EDI) for scale minimization. In Phase 2 (Technology Development and Integration), the objectives were to develop additional novel scale inhibitor chemistries, develop selected separation processes, and optimize the integration of the technology components at the laboratory scale. Phase 3 (Technology Validation) validated the integrated system's performance with a pilot-scale demonstration. During Phase 1, Initial evaluations of impaired water characteristics focused on produced waters and reclaimed municipal wastewater effluents. Literature and new data were collected and evaluated. Characteristics of produced waters vary significantly from one site to another, whereas reclaimed municipal wastewater effluents have relatively more uniform characteristics. Assessment to date confirmed that calcite and silica/silicate are two common potential cycle-limiting minerals for using impaired waters. For produced waters, barium sulfate and calcium sulfate are two additional potential cycle-limiting minerals. For reclaimed municipal wastewater effluents, calcium phosphate scaling can be an issue, especially in the co-presence of high silica. Computational assessment, using a vast amount of Nalco's field data from coal fired power plants, showed that the limited use and reuse of impaired waters is due to the formation of deposit caused by the presence of iron, high hardness, high silica and high alkalinity in the water. Appropriate and cost-effective inhibitors were identified and developed - LL99B0 for calcite and gypsum inhibition and TX-15060 for silica inhibition. Nalco's existing dispersants HSP-1 and HSP-2 has excellent efficacy for dispersing Fe and Mn. ED and EDI were bench-scale tested by the CRADA partner Argonne National Laboratory for hardness, alkalinity and silica removal from synthetic make-up water and then cycled cooling water. Both systems showed low power consumption and 98-99% salt removal, however, the EDI system required 25-30% less power for silica removal. For Phase 2, the EDI system's performance was optimized and the length of time between clean-in-place (CIP) increased by varying the wafer composition and membrane configuration. The enhanced EDI system could remove 88% of the hardness and 99% of the alkalinity with a processing flux of 19.2 gal/hr/m{sup 2} and a power consumption of 0.54 kWh/100 gal water. Bench tests to screen alternative silica/silicate scale inhibitor chemistries have begun. The silica/silicate control approaches using chemical inhibitors include inhibition of silicic acid polymerization and dispersion of silica/silicate crystals. Tests were conducted with an initial silica concentration of 290-300 mg/L as SiO{sub 2} at pH 7 and room temperature. A proprietary new chemistry was found to be promising, compared with a current commercial product commonly used for silica/silicate control. Additional pilot cooling tower testing confirmed
Jasbir Gill
IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS, VOL. 48, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 2013 587 Power Noise in TSV-Based 3-D Integrated Circuits
to form a 3-D stack. Noise analysis of three power delivery topologies is described. Calibration circuits stacked circuits. The effect of the through silicon via (TSV) density on the noise profile of a 3-D power) is the de- sign of a robust power distribution network that can provide suf- ficient current to every load
Friedman, Eby G.
Energy efficiency vs. performance of the numerical solution of PDEs: An application study on a low-power ARM-based cluster
Power consumption and energy efficiency are becoming critical aspects in the design and operation of large scale HPC facilities, and it is unanimously recognised that future exascale supercomputers will be strongly constrained by their power requirements. ... Keywords: ARM processors, Energy efficiency, Finite elements, High performance computing, Lattice-Boltzmann, Low-power processors, Multigrid, Parallel scalability, Wave propagation
Dominik G�Ddeke; Dimitri Komatitsch; Markus Geveler; Dirk Ribbrock; Nikola Rajovic; Nikola Puzovic; Alex Ramirez
Environmental impacts of nonfusion power systems. [Data on environmental effects of all power sources that may be competitive with fusion reactor power plants
Data were collected on the environmental effects of power sources that may be competitive with future fusion reactor power plants. Data are included on nuclear power plants using HTGR, LMBR, GCFR, LMFBR, and molten salt reactors; fossil-fuel electric power plants; geothermal power plants; solar energy power plants, including satellite-based solar systems; wind energy power plants; ocean thermal gradient power plants; tidal energy power plants; and power plants using hydrogen and other synthetic fuels as energy sources.
Brouns, R.J.
Computational power of correlations
We study the intrinsic computational power of correlations exploited in measurement-based quantum computation. By defining a general framework the meaning of the computational power of correlations is made precise. This leads to a notion of resource states for measurement-based \\textit{classical} computation. Surprisingly, the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger and Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt problems emerge as optimal examples. Our work exposes an intriguing relationship between the violation of local realistic models and the computational power of entangled resource states.
Janet Anders; Dan E. Browne
Schneider Power | Open Energy Information
Power Power Jump to: navigation, search Name Schneider Power Place Toronto, Ontario, Canada Zip M5V 2P2 Sector Renewable Energy, Wind energy Product Canada-based electricity energy provider, investor and owner of clean renewable electric power plants through significant investments in wind turbine technology. References Schneider Power[1] LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. Schneider Power is a company located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada . References ↑ "Schneider Power" Retrieved from "http://en.openei.org/w/index.php?title=Schneider_Power&oldid=350676" Categories: Clean Energy Organizations Companies Organizations Stubs What links here
Alterra Power | Open Energy Information
Alterra Power Alterra Power Name Alterra Power Address 600 - 888 Dunsmuir Street Place Vancouver, BC Zip V6C 3K4 Sector Geothermal energy Stock Symbol MGMXF Phone number 604.669.4999 Website http://alterrapower.ca References Alterra Power Corp Website[1] LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! Alterra Power is a company based in Vancouver, BC. Alterra Power Corp. is a leading global renewable energy company. Alterra operates six power plants totaling 566 MW of capacity, including two geothermal facilities in Iceland, a geothermal plant in Nevada, British Columbia's largest run of river hydro facilities and the province's largest wind farm. Their 297 MW share of production capacity generates approximately 1,400 GWh of clean power annually. Alterra has an extensive
PowerPoint Presentation
Arkansas Power Electronics International, Inc. Arkansas Power Electronics International, Inc. DOE Peer Review November 2-3, 2006 Marcelo Schupbach, Ph.D. Senior Engineer APEI, Inc. 535 Research Center Blvd. Fayetteville, AR 72701 Phone: (479)-443-5759 Email: email@example.com Website: www.apei.net High Temperature and High Power Density SiC Power Electronic Converters Energy Storage Systems Program 2 Overview * APEI, Inc. Corporate Status * Broader Impact of SiC-based Power Converter * DOE Energy Storage System Program Phase I SBIR - SBIR Topic: Wide Band Gap Power Converter Application - APEI's Goals - Phase I Accomplishments * DOE Energy Storage System Program Phase II SBIR - APEI's Goals - Research Team and Partners - Project Status Energy Storage Systems Program 3 APEI, Inc. Mission Statement We are a small business dedicated to
Spanish Power | Open Energy Information
Power Place Madrid, Spain Zip 28014 Sector Solar, Wind energy Product Madrid-based electricity producer and distributor active in wind and solar projects. References Spanish...
Innoventive Power | Open Energy Information
search Name Innoventive Power Place South Orange, New Jersey Product New Jersey-based energy management service provider. They are involved in energy curtailment, procurement,...
Power Electronics
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE))
Power electronics (PE) play a critical role in transforming the current electric grid into the next-generation grid.� PE enable utilities to deliver power to their customers effectively while...
Wind Power
Power As the accompanying map of New Mexico shows, the best wind power generation potential near WIPP is along the Delaware Mountain ridge line of the southern Guadalupe Mountains,...
Reuse of Produced Water from CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery, Coal-Bed Methane, and Mine Pool Water by Coal-Based Power Plants: ProMIS/Project No.: DE-NT0005343
seyed Dastgheib seyed Dastgheib Principal Investigator Illinois State Geological Survey 615 E. Peabody Drive Champaign, Illinois 61820-6235 217-265-6274 firstname.lastname@example.com Reuse of PRoduced WateR fRom co 2 enhanced oil RecoveRy, coal-Bed methane, and mine Pool WateR By coal-Based PoWeR Plants: PRomis /PRoject no. : de-nt0005343 Background Coal-fired power plants are the second largest users of freshwater in the United States. In Illinois, the thermoelectric power sector accounts for approximately 84 percent of the estimated 14 billion gallons per day of freshwater withdrawals and one-third of the state's 1 billion gallons per day of freshwater consumption. Illinois electric power generation capacity is projected to expand 30 percent by 2030, increasing water consumption by
Power Supplies
Figure: ...Fig. 5 Typical medium-frequency induction power supply incorporating (a) a parallel inverter and (b) a series inverter...
Power supply
A modular, low weight impedance dropping power supply with battery backup is disclosed that can be connected to a high voltage AC source and provide electrical power at a lower voltage. The design can be scaled over a wide range of input voltages and over a wide range of output voltages and delivered power.
Yakymyshyn, Christopher Paul (Seminole, FL); Hamilton, Pamela Jane (Seminole, FL); Brubaker, Michael Allen (Loveland, CO)
Grid Interactive Quality AC Power Supply With Switching Arm Based Integrated Magnetics For Dynamically Controlled Interconnection Among Multiple Sources And Loads.
??The extensive use of nonlinear loads in today�s world has inspired considerable research interest in the area of power quality improvement. This thesis proposes an� (more)
Roy, Sudhin
Power marketing and renewable energy
Power marketing refers to wholesale and retail transactions of electric power made by companies other than public power entities and the regulated utilities that own the generation and distribution lines. The growth in power marketing has been a major development in the electric power industry during the last few years, and power marketers are expected to realize even more market opportunities as electric industry deregulation proceeds from wholesale competition to retail competition. This Topical Issues Brief examines the nature of the power marketing business and its relationship with renewable power. The information presented is based on interviews conducted with nine power marketing companies, which accounted for almost 54% of total power sales by power marketers in 1995. These interviews provided information on various viewpoints of power marketers, their experience with renewables, and their respective outlooks for including renewables in their resource portfolios. Some basic differences exist between wholesale and retail competition that should be recognized when discussing power marketing and renewable power. At the wholesale level, the majority of power marketers stress the commodity nature of electricity. The primary criteria for developing resource portfolios are the same as those of their wholesale customers: the cost and reliability of power supplies. At the retail level, electricity may be viewed as a product that includes value-added characteristics or services determined by customer preferences.
Fang, J.M.
HCL Agro Power Ltd | Open Energy Information
India Sector Biomass Product Hyderabad-based developer of grid-connected biomass power plants. References HCL Agro Power Ltd1 LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No...
Power options for lunar exploration
This paper presents an overview of the types of power systems available for providing power on the moon. Lunar missions of exploration, in situ resource utilization, and colonization will be constrained by availability of adequate power. The length of the lunar night places severe limitations on solar power system designs, because a large portion of the system mass is devoted to energy storage. The selection of the ideal power source hardware will require compatibility with not only the lunar base power requirements and environment, but also with the conversion, storage, and transmission equipment. In addition, further analysis to determine the optimum operating parameters for a given power system should be conducted so that critical technologies can be identified in the early stages of base development. This paper describes the various concepts proposed for providing power on the lunar surface and compare their ranges of applicability. The importance of a systems approach to the integration of these components will also be discussed.
Bamberger, J.A.; Gaustad, K.L.
Chena Power | Open Energy Information
Power Power Jump to: navigation, search Name Chena Power Place Alaska Zip AK 99711 Sector Geothermal energy Product An Alaskan-based company that focuses on geothermal development and plant operation. References Chena Power[1] LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. Chena Power is a company located in Alaska . References ↑ "Chena Power" Retrieved from "http://en.openei.org/w/index.php?title=Chena_Power&oldid=343463" Categories: Clean Energy Organizations Companies Organizations Stubs What links here Related changes Special pages Printable version Permanent link Browse properties 429 Throttled (bot load) Error 429 Throttled (bot load) Throttled (bot load)
Concentrating Solar Power Program overview
Over the last decade, the US solar thermal industry has established a track record in the power industry by building and operating utility-scale power plants with a combined rated capacity of 354 megawatts (MW). The technology used in these power plants is based on years of research and development (R and D), much of it sponsored by the US Department of Energy (DOE). DOE`s Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Program is collaborating with its partners in the private sector to develop two new solar technologies -- power towers and dish/engines -- to meet the huge commercial potential for solar power.
Power-Flow Management - Technology Perspectives
The report provides a technical overview for power-flow management technologies with special emphasis on power electronic-based technologies. This includes both thyristor-based and converter-based technologies. The report thoroughly describes the fundamental relationships of alternating current (AC) power transmission at steady-state and dynamic conditions; the document also describes transmission problems and needs. This overview clearly demonstrates the role of power electronic-based Controllers and th...
Putting Economic Power In Distributed Power t
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
Putting Economic Power in Distributed Power. A distributed electricity generation system, often called distributed power, usually consists of ...
Western Area Power Administration
Loveland Area Projects November 29-30, 2011 2 Agenda * Overview of Western Area Power Administration * Post-1989 Loveland Area Projects (LAP) Marketing Plan * Energy Planning and Management Program * Development of the 2025 PMI Proposal * 2025 PMI Proposal * 2025 PMI Comment Period & Proposal Information * Questions 3 Overview of Western Area Power Administration (Western) * One of four power marketing administrations within the Department of Energy * Mission: Market and deliver reliable, renewable, cost-based Federal hydroelectric power and related services within a 15-state region of the central and western U.S. * Vision: Provide premier power marketing and transmission services Rocky Mountain Region (RMR) is one of five regional offices 4 Rocky Mountain Region
Integrated power management for microsystems
There is a need for a universal power module for microsystems. This module should provide power conditioning, energy storage, and load matching for a variety of energy sources and loads such as microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and wireless sensors and micro-robots. There are a variety of potential ambient and human powered energy sources, which can supply some of the power needs of the military. The challenge is to capture these available sources of electrical energy and condition them to meet the voltage, current, and overall power demands of field-deployable microelectronics and MEMs-based devices such as wireless sensors and micro-robots. Most natural and man-made energy sources found in the environment have a low specific power and are not generally available on a continuous basis. Likewise, human-based energy sources must be optimally managed to meet the power needs in the field. Therefore, a power supply must have the ability to capture the available energy and store it in such a manner to be useful to meet the mission requirements of the device that is connected to the source. It must continuously monitor the status of energy stored and determine the expected demands of the device. A microelectronics-based power management chip can be developed to meet these objectives. The major challenge in realizing this concept will be the design of an intelligent power-conditioning chip that consumes a minimum of power to perform the functions of power conditioning, storage, load matching, and status monitoring. The prototype power conditioning integrated circuit would be capable of delivering a peak power of 100 mW at 5 V. The nominal operating condition would be a very low duty cycle for a relatively high power load, and a low-power source available for long periods of time, or a moderate-power source available intermittently.
Fry, D.N.; Wintenberg, A.L.; Bryan, B.L. [Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States). Instrumentation and Controls Div.
China WindPower Jilin Power Share JV | Open Energy Information
Jilin Power Share JV Jump to: navigation, search Name China WindPower & Jilin Power Share JV Place Jilin Province, China Sector Wind energy Product China-based developer and...
Alta Power Group LLC | Open Energy Information
Product California-based firm specializing in advisory services for the renewable energy market. References Alta Power Group LLC1 LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile...
UQM Power Products Inc | Open Energy Information
80530 Product Colorado-based, subsidiary if UQM Technologies, manufacturer of proprietary electric motors. References UQM Power Products Inc1 LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase...
Power Marketing
Certificate Solicitations Benefit Review Energy Services Rates and Repayment WindHydro Integration Feasibility Study Send correspondence to: Power Marketing Manager Western...
New Jersey Solar Power LLC NJ Solar Power | Open Energy Information
Solar Power LLC NJ Solar Power Solar Power LLC NJ Solar Power Jump to: navigation, search Name New Jersey Solar Power LLC (NJ Solar Power) Place New Jersey Sector Solar Product A photovoltaic engineering firm which offers and installs a complete line of solar electric products for residential, commercial, and institutional customers. References New Jersey Solar Power LLC (NJ Solar Power)[1] LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. New Jersey Solar Power LLC (NJ Solar Power) is a company located in New Jersey . References ↑ "New Jersey Solar Power LLC (NJ Solar Power)" Retrieved from "http://en.openei.org/w/index.php?title=New_Jersey_Solar_Power_LLC_NJ_Solar_Power&oldid=349171
Optimizing Power Factor Correction
The optimal investment for power factor correcting capacitors for Kansas Power and Light Company large power contract customers is studied. Since the billing capacity is determined by dividing the real demand by the power factor (the minimum billing capacity is based on 80 percent of the summer peak billing capacity) and the billing capacity is used to determine the number of kilowatt-hours billed at each pricing tier, the power factor affects both the demand and the energy charge. There is almost no information available in the literature concerning recommended power factor corrections for this situation. The general advice commonly given in the past has been that power factor should be corrected to above 0.9 if it is below that value to begin with, but that does not take into account the facts of the situation studied here. Calculations relevant to a commercial consumer of electricity were made for demands of 200, 400, 800, 1,600, 3,200, and 6,400 kW and monthly energy consumption periods of 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, and 500 hours for several capacitor purchase and installation costs. The results are displayed in a series of graphs that enable annual cost savings and payback periods to be readily determined over a range of commonly encountered parameter values. It is found that it is often economically advantageous to correct a power factor to near unity.
Phillips, R. K.; Burmeister, L. C.
Power system
A power system includes a prime mover, a transmission, and a fluid coupler having a selectively engageable lockup clutch. The fluid coupler may be drivingly connected between the prime mover and the transmission. Additionally, the power system may include a motor/generator drivingly connected to at least one of the prime mover and the transmission. The power-system may also include power-system controls configured to execute a control method. The control method may include selecting one of a plurality of modes of operation of the power system. Additionally, the control method may include controlling the operating state of the lockup clutch dependent upon the mode of operation selected. The control method may also include controlling the operating state of the motor/generator dependent upon the mode of operation selected.
Hickam, Christopher Dale (Glasford, IL)
Solar Power
Solar Power Solar Power Project Opportunities Abound in the Region The WIPP site is receives abundant solar energy with 6-7 kWh/sq meter power production potential As the accompanying map of New Mexico shows, the WIPP site enjoys abundant year-round sunshine. With an average solar power production potential of 6-7 kWh/sq meter per day, one exciting project being studied for location at WIPP is a 30-50 MW Solar Power Tower: The American Solar Energy Society (ASES) is is a national trade association promoting solar energy as a clean source of electricity, and provides a comprehensive resource for additional information. DOE's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy is also a comprehensive resource for more information on renewable energy.
Solergy Power | Open Energy Information
Solergy Power Solergy Power Jump to: navigation, search Name Solergy Power Place London, United Kingdom Zip SW1 OBD Sector Renewable Energy, Solar Product String representation "At Solergy Powe ... ade and beyond." is too long. References Solergy Power[1] LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. Solergy Power is a company located in London, United Kingdom . References ↑ "Solergy Power" Retrieved from "http://en.openei.org/w/index.php?title=Solergy_Power&oldid=351469" Categories: Clean Energy Organizations Companies Organizations Stubs What links here Related changes Special pages Printable version Permanent link Browse properties 429 Throttled (bot load)
Claren Power | Open Energy Information
Claren Power Claren Power Jump to: navigation, search Name Claren Power Place Arlington, Virginia Sector Biomass Product Develops biomass plants in Brazilian sugar and ethanol mills. References Claren Power[1] LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. Claren Power is a company located in Arlington, Virginia . References ↑ "Claren Power" Retrieved from "http://en.openei.org/w/index.php?title=Claren_Power&oldid=343631" Categories: Clean Energy Organizations Companies Organizations Stubs What links here Related changes Special pages Printable version Permanent link Browse properties About us Disclaimers Energy blogs Linked Data Developer services OpenEI partners with a broad range of international organizations to grow
Guodian United Power Technology Co Ltd formerly Guodian Union Power | Open
United Power Technology Co Ltd formerly Guodian Union Power United Power Technology Co Ltd formerly Guodian Union Power Jump to: navigation, search Name Guodian United Power Technology Co Ltd (formerly Guodian Union Power) Place Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China Zip 100044 Sector Wind energy Product China-based wind turbine maker and daughter company of state-owned power generator China Guodian. References Guodian United Power Technology Co Ltd (formerly Guodian Union Power)[1] LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. Guodian United Power Technology Co Ltd (formerly Guodian Union Power) is a company located in Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China . References ↑ "Guodian United Power Technology Co Ltd (formerly Guodian
Power beaming: Mission enabling for lunar exploration
This paper explores several beam power concepts proposed for powering either lunar base or rover vehicles. At present, power requirements to support lunar exploration activity are met by integral self-contained power system designs. To provide requisite energy flexibility for human expansion into space, an innovative approach to replace on-board self-contained power systems is needed. Power beaming provides an alternative approach to supplying power that would ensure increased mission flexibility while reducing total mass launched into space. Providing power to the moon presents significant design challenges because of the duration of the lunar night. Power beaming provides an alternative to solar photovoltaic systems coupled with battery storage, radioisotope thermoelectric generation, and surface nuclear power. The Synthesis Group describes power beaming as a technology supporting lunar exploration. In this analysis beam power designs are compared to conventional power generation methods.
Thermal energy storage (TES) is an integral part of a concentrated solar power (CSP) system. It enables plant operators to generate electricity beyond on sun hours and supply power to the grid to meet peak demand. Current CSP sensible heat storage systems employ molten salts as both the heat transfer fluid and the heat storage media. These systems have an upper operating temperature limit of around 400 C. Future TES systems are expected to operate at temperatures between 600 C to 1000 C for higher thermal efficiencies which should result in lower electricity cost. To meet future operating temperature and electricity cost requirements, a TES concept utilizing thermochemical cycles (TCs) based on multivalent solid oxides was proposed. The system employs a pair of reduction and oxidation (REDOX) reactions to store and release heat. In the storage step, hot air from the solar receiver is used to reduce the oxidation state of an oxide cation, e.g. Fe3+ to Fe2+. Heat energy is thus stored as chemical bonds and the oxide is charged. To discharge the stored energy, the reduced oxide is re-oxidized in air and heat is released. Air is used as both the heat transfer fluid and reactant and no storage of fluid is needed. This project investigated the engineering and economic feasibility of this proposed TES concept. The DOE storage cost and LCOE targets are $15/kWh and $0.09/kWh respectively. Sixteen pure oxide cycles were identified through thermodynamic calculations and literature information. Data showed the kinetics of re-oxidation of the various oxides to be a key barrier to implementing the proposed concept. A down selection was carried out based on operating temperature, materials costs and preliminary laboratory measurements. Cobalt oxide, manganese oxide and barium oxide were selected for developmental studies to improve their REDOX reaction kinetics. A novel approach utilizing mixed oxides to improve the REDOX kinetics of the selected oxides was proposed. It partially replaces some of the primary oxide cations with selected secondary cations. This causes a lattice charge imbalance and increases the anion vacancy density. Such vacancies enhance the ionic mass transport and lead to faster re-oxidation. Reoxidation fractions of Mn3O4 to Mn2O3 and CoO to Co3O4 were improved by up to 16 fold through the addition of a secondary oxide. However, no improvement was obtained in barium based mixed oxides. In addition to enhancing the short term re-oxidation kinetics, it was found that the use of mixed oxides also help to stabilize or even improve the TES properties after long term thermal cycling. Part of this improvement could be attributed to a reduced grain size in the mixed oxides. Based on the measurement results, manganese-iron, cobalt-aluminum and cobalt iron mixed oxides have been proposed for future engineering scale demonstration. Using the cobalt and manganese mixed oxides, we were able to demonstrate charge and discharge of the TES media in both a bench top fixed bed and a rotary kiln-moving bed reactor. Operations of the fixed bed configuration are straight forward but require a large mass flow rate and higher fluid temperature for charging. The rotary kiln makes direct solar irradiation possible and provides significantly better heat transfer, but designs to transport the TES oxide in and out of the reactor will need to be defined. The final reactor and system design will have to be based on the economics of the CSP plant. A materials compatibility study was also conducted and it identified Inconel 625 as a suitable high temperature engineering material to construct a reactor holding either cobalt or manganese mixed oxides. To assess the economics of such a CSP plant, a packed bed reactor model was established as a baseline. Measured cobalt-aluminum oxide reaction kinetics were applied to the model and the influences of bed properties and process parameters on the overall system design were investigated. The optimal TES system design was found to be a network of eight fixed bed reactors at 18.75 MWth each with charge and
A Stator-Voltage Decoupling Control Strategy for No-Load Cutting-in Process of DFIG-based Wind Power Turbines
The performance of no-load cutting-in process is manly up to the stator-voltage control strategy for doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind turbines. Compared with conventional steady mathematic model based one, a dynamic mathematic model based ... Keywords: dynamic model, no-load cutting-in process decoupling stator-voltage control, DFIG-based wind turbine
Shuying Yang, Long Zhan, Xing Zhang
Analysis of the tradeoff between irrigated agriculure and hydroelectric power in the Pacific Northwest. [Base-line estimate of the effects of agricultural irrigation on the hydroelectric power generating potential projected for the year 2020
Hydrogeneration and irrigated agriculture are major competing users of the waters of the Columbia River and its tributaries. Irrigated agriculture requires the diversion of large amounts of water from the rivers, only part of which returns. As a result, streamflow is reduced and the generation potential of dams located downstream from points of irrigation diversion is reduced. In addition, irrigated agriculture involves the direct consumption of electricity to pump irrigation water and to apply it to crops in the field. The purpose of this report is to make a baseline estimate of the impact on the electrical generation system in the region of the level of irrigation development projected for year 2020 by the states of Oregon, Washington, and Idaho. This baseline estimate reflects the assumption that current conditions will prevail in the future. The results, therefore, provide a standard against which the impacts of changes in current conditions can be measured. It is estimated that the projected development level of 11.4 million acres of irrigated agriculture in Oregon, Washington, and Idaho by year 2020 would result in foregone hydroelectric generation potential of approximately 17.8 million megawatt-hours (MWh) annually and direct consumption of electric power for pumping and application of approximately 10.3 million MWh's annually. Thus, a total of 28.1 million MWh's of electric power generation will have to be traded off each year if irrigated agriculture is to be conducted on the projected scale. (ERB)
Davis, A. E.
Since last year�s GTC Conference, a considerable number of significant events have occurred in the gasification technology marketplace. New IGCC projects have come on stream with commercial operation, other new IGCC projects have been announced and started in development, environmental issues have gained emphasis, and energy prices, notably natural gas, have escalated dramatically. Directionally, all of these events appear to have created a more favorable atmosphere for IGCC projects. Related to an ongoing IGCC project currently in development, a joint analysis has been performed by Global Energy, General Electric Power Systems, and Praxair to evaluate technical and economic elements for the performance of BGL Gasification Technology based on solid hydrocarbon fuel feed to an IGCC for power generation. Results of the analysis provide a picture of the relative economics in today�s environment for electrical power generation by conventional natural gas fired combined cycle power systems compared to using BGL Gasification Technology in an IGCC configuration. 2
Igcc Power Generation; Richard A. Olliver; John M. Wainwright; Raymond F. Drnevich Abstract
Wireless Power Transmission
Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)
88 88 Lunar Wireless Power Transfer Feasibility Study March 2008 Prof. Zoya Popovic, University of Colorado, Boulder David R. Beckett, Scott R. Anderson, Diana Mann, Stuart Walker, Independent Consultants Sheldon Fried, Ph.D., National Security Technologies, LLC Abstract - This study examines the feasibility of a multi-kilowatt wireless radio frequency (RF) power system to transfer power between lunar base facilities. Initial analyses, show that wireless power transfer (WPT) systems can be more efficient and less expensive than traditional wired approaches for certain lunar and terrestrial applications. The study includes evaluations of the fundamental limitations of lunar WPT systems, the interrelationships of possible operational parameters, and a baseline design approach for a notionial system that could be used in the near
DYNAMIC MANAGEMENT OF POWER CONSUMPTION Tajana Simunic
using state-based abstraction where each state trades off performance for power [7]. The transitions of the system and decides when and how to force power state transitions. The power manager makes state the transition to a low power state as soon as a compo- nent becomes idle if the predictor estimates
Simunic, Tajana
A method for identifying market power
An ability to exercise market power by suppliers may significantly reduce market efficiency in restructured electricity markets. Many studies have been performed to develop an effective tool to identify market power based on indices. Most often it is ... Keywords: Dispatch sensitivity matrix, HHI, KKT, LI, LMP, MC, Market power, Null space, PTDF, Power transfer distribution factor (PTDF) matrix
Hyungseon Oh; Robert J. Thomas
Power Projects
Power Projects Power Projects Contact SN Customers Environmental Review-NEPA Operations & Maintenance Planning & Projects Power Marketing Rates You are here: SN Home page > About SNR Power Projects Central Valley: In California's Central Valley, 18 dams create reservoirs that can store 13 million acre-feet of water. The project's 615 miles of canals irrigate an area 400 miles long and 45 miles wide--almost one third of California. Powerplants at the dams have an installed capacity of 2,099 megawatts and provide enough energy for 650,000 people. Transmission lines total about 865 circuit-miles. Washoe: This project in west-central Nevada and east-central California was designed to improve the regulation of runoff from the Truckee and Carson river systems and to provide supplemental irrigation water and drainage, as well as water for municipal, industrial and fishery use. The project's Stampede Powerplant has a maximum capacity of 4 MW.
Artificial bee colony algorithm solution for optimal reactive power flow
Artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is an optimization algorithm based on the intelligent foraging behavior of honeybee swarm. Optimal reactive power flow (ORPF) based on ABC algorithm to minimize active power loss in power systems is studied in this ... Keywords: Artificial bee colony, Optimal reactive power flow, Penalty function, Power system
K�r?at Ayan; Ula? K?l?�
Pasadena Water and Power - Solar Power Installation Rebate | Department of
Pasadena Water and Power - Solar Power Installation Rebate Pasadena Water and Power - Solar Power Installation Rebate Pasadena Water and Power - Solar Power Installation Rebate < Back Eligibility Commercial Institutional Local Government Nonprofit Residential State Government Savings Category Solar Buying & Making Electricity Program Info State California Program Type Utility Rebate Program Rebate Amount Systems up to 30 kW have the option of receiving an expected performance based buydown (EPBB) or a performance based incentive (PBI). Systems larger than 30 kW are only eligible for the PBI. EPBB (effective 6/1/12): Residential: $1.40/watt AC Commercial and all PPAs: $0.85/watt AC Non-profits and Government: $1.60/watt AC Income-qualified residential: $4.00/watt PBI (effective 6/1/12): Residential: $0.212/kWh Commercial and all PPAs: $0.129/kWh
Review: Multi-objective based on parallel vector evaluated particle swarm optimization for optimal steady-state performance of power systems
In this paper the state-of-the-art extended particle swarm optimization (PSO) methods for solving multi-objective optimization problems are represented. We emphasize in those, the co-evolution technique of the parallel vector evaluated PSO (VEPSO), analysed ... Keywords: Multi-objective optimization, Parallel VEPSO, Reactive power control
John G. Vlachogiannis; Kwang Y. Lee
A fuzzy-based approach for strategic choices in electric energy supply. The case of a Swiss power provider on the eve of electricity market opening
Risk evaluation and strategic choice has become very complex for power providers, because of the growing number of uncertain parameters involved, such as energy market prices, water inflow, and demand. The lack of information and the absence of the decision ... Keywords: Electricity markets, Fuzzy sets theory, Strategic choices
Gustave Nguene Nguene; Matthias Finger
Modeling of electromagnetic power output in a vibration-induced micro-generator with a silicon-based helical micro-spring
This paper develops an electromagnetic power output model in a vibration-induced micro-generator with a silicon helical micro-spring to predict the electricity output. The generator consists of a movable ferro-platinum permanent magnet membrane on the ... Keywords: Analytical model, Electromagnetic, Helical micro-spring, Micro-generator, Vibration-induced
W. L. Lu; Y. M. Hwang
Fault diagnosis for the feedwater heater system of a 300MW coal-fired power generating unit based on RBF neural network
In this paper, a new style radial basis function (RBF) neural network is used for fault diagnosis of the high-pressure feed-water heater system of a coal-fired power generating unit. The structure of the RBF network and its training algorithm are given. ...
Liangyu Ma; Yongguang Ma; Jin Ma
Paper presented at the 2010 European Wind Energy Conference, Warsaw, Poland, 20-23 April 2010 Wind power prediction risk indices based on
Paper presented at the 2010 European Wind Energy Conference, Warsaw, Poland, 20-23 April 2010 Wind. I. INTRODUCTION Wind power is a rapidly growing renewable energy source increasing its share Siebert** and George Kariniotakis*** MINES ParisTech, CEP - Center for Energy and Processes BP 207, 06904
Verdant Power | Open Energy Information
Verdant Power Verdant Power Jump to: navigation, search Name Verdant Power Place New York, New York Zip 10044 Sector Marine and Hydrokinetic Product A systems integrator and a developer of free-flow turbine systems that generates utility and village scale electric power from natural underwater currents. References Verdant Power[1] LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This company is listed in the Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Database. This company is involved in the following MHK Projects: Cornwall Ontario River Energy CORE Roosevelt Island Tidal Energy RITE This company is involved in the following MHK Technologies: Kinetic Hydropower System KHPS This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. Verdant Power is a company located in New York, New York .
Green Power Network: Green Power Marketing
to main content U.S. Department of Energy Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Green Power Network About the GPN Green Power Markets Buying Green Power Onsite Renewable...
Exploring Power Behaviors and Trade-offs of In-situ Data Marc Gamell,
analytics pipeline, running on the Titan system at ORNL; (2) a power model based on system power and data
Pakin, Scott
Jilin Tongli Wind Power Co Ltd | Open Energy Information
Jilin Province, China Sector Wind energy Product Jilin-based company focused on wind power generation and development of wind projects. References Jilin Tongli Wind Power Co...