text:
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Marine and Hydrokinetic | Department of Energy
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)) Indexed Site
Marine and Hydrokinetic Marine and Hydrokinetic Marine and Hydrokinetic The Water Power Program's marine and hydrokinetic research and development (R&D) efforts focus on advancing technologies that capture energy from the nation's oceans and rivers. Unlike hydropower, marine and hydrokinetics represent an emerging industry with hundreds of potentially viable technologies. The program is therefore leading efforts to prove functionality; evaluate technical and economic viability; and generate cost, performance, and reliability data for a variety of devices. Marine and hydrokinetic energy technologies convert the energy of waves, tides, and river and ocean currents into electricity. The Department of Energy's "Marine and Hydrokinetic 101" video explains how these technologies work and highlights some of the Water Power Program's efforts
Marine & hydrokinetic technology development.
DOE Green Energy (OSTI)
The Wind and Water Power Program supports the development of marine and hydrokinetic devices, which capture energy from waves, tides, ocean currents, the natural flow of water in rivers, and marine thermal gradients, without building new dams or diversions. The program works closely with industry and the Department of Energy's national laboratories to advance the development and testing of marine and hydrokinetic devices. In 2008, the program funded projects to develop and test point absorber, oscillating wave column, and tidal turbine technologies. The program also funds component design, such as techniques for manufacturing and installing coldwater pipes critical for ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) systems. Rigorous device testing is necessary to validate and optimize prototypes before beginning full-scale demonstration and deployment. The program supports device testing by providing technology developers with information on testing facilities. Technology developers require access to facilities capable of simulating open-water conditions in order to refine and validate device operability. The program has identified more than 20 tank testing operators in the United States with capabilities suited to the marine and hydrokinetic technology industry. This information is available to the public in the program's Hydrodynamic Testing Facilities Database. The program also supports the development of open-water, grid-connected testing facilities, as well as resource assessments that will improve simulations done in dry-dock and closed-water testing facilities. The program has established two university-led National Marine Renewable Energy Centers to be used for device testing. These centers are located on coasts and will have open-water testing berths, allowing researchers to investigate marine and estuary conditions. Optimal array design, development, modeling and testing are needed to maximize efficiency and electricity generation at marine and hydrokinetic power plants while mitigating nearby and distant impacts. Activities may include laboratory and computational modeling of mooring design or research on device spacing. The geographies, resources, technologies, and even nomenclature of the U.S. marine and hydrokinetic technology industry have yet to be fully understood or defined. The program characterizes and assesses marine and hydrokinetic devices, and then organizes the collected information into a comprehensive and searchable Web-based database, the Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Database. The database, which reflects intergovernmental and international collaboration, provides industry with one of the most comprehensive and up-to-date public resources on marine and hydrokinetic devices.
LiVecchi, Al (National Renewable Energy Laboratory); Jepsen, Richard Alan
Marine and Hydrokinetic Resources | Open Energy Information
Open Energy Info (EERE)
Marine and Hydrokinetic Resources Marine and Hydrokinetic Resources (Redirected from Wave) Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Contents 1 Marine and Hydrokinetic Resource Assessment and Characterization 2 Current/Tidal/Riverine 3 Wave 4 Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) Marine and Hydrokinetic Resource Assessment and Characterization To find out more about Marine and Hydrokinetic Resource Assessment and Characterization click on this link. Current/Tidal/Riverine Tile Current.jpg To find out more about Tidal Energy click on this link and for Current Energy this link. Wave Wave 02.jpg To find out more about Wave Energy click on this link. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) Ocean Thermo 04.jpg To find out more about OTEC Energy click on this link. << Return to the MHK database homepage
Marine and Hydrokinetic Resources Marine and Hydrokinetic Resources Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Contents 1 Marine and Hydrokinetic Resource Assessment and Characterization 2 Current/Tidal/Riverine 3 Wave 4 Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) Marine and Hydrokinetic Resource Assessment and Characterization To find out more about Marine and Hydrokinetic Resource Assessment and Characterization click on this link. Current/Tidal/Riverine Tile Current.jpg To find out more about Tidal Energy click on this link and for Current Energy this link. Wave Wave 02.jpg To find out more about Wave Energy click on this link. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) Ocean Thermo 04.jpg To find out more about OTEC Energy click on this link. << Return to the MHK database homepage
Energy 101: Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy | Department of Energy
Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy Energy 101: Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy Addthis Below is the text version for the Energy 101: Marine & Hydrokinetic Energy video. The words "Energy 101: Marine & Hydrokinetic Energy" appear onscreen. Montage of renewable energy technologies ending with shots of ocean waves. We all know energy can come from the wind and the sun, but there's a plentiful renewable resource covering more than 75% of the planet that you might not have thought about: our water! The movement of the ocean's waves, tides, and currents carries energy that can be harnessed and converted into electricity to power our homes, buildings and cities. The words "Kinetic Energy" appear onscreen with shots of ocean scientists at sea. The words "Marine & Hydrokinetic" appear onscreen.
Energy 101: Marine & Hydrokinetic Energy | Department of Energy
Marine & Hydrokinetic Energy Marine & Hydrokinetic Energy Energy 101: Marine & Hydrokinetic Energy August 13, 2013 - 10:54am Addthis See how marine and hydrokinetic technologies harness the energy of the ocean's waves, tides, and currents and convert it into electricity to power our homes, buildings, and cities. The oceans represent a largely untapped renewable energy resource with potential to provide clean electricity to coastal communities and cities across the United States. In this edition of Energy 101, learn how the Energy Department is supporting research on a range of innovative marine and hydrokinetic energy technologies to capture energy from waves and currents. For more information on marine and hydrokinetic energy from the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, visit the Water Power Program
Wave and Hydrokinetics Interest Group 1st Meeting of 2009/2010 Year
E-Print Network (OSTI)
.S. wave power plant license issued by FERC for the 1-MW Makah Bay, WA project was surrendered by Finavera Status Wave power plant projects are being permitted in Europe The time, cost and complexity of the U five years . · Economic Status: The first U.S. commercial wave plant project in Reedsport, OR, was made
Category:Marine and Hydrokinetic Technologies | Open Energy Information
Marine and Hydrokinetic Technologies Marine and Hydrokinetic Technologies Jump to: navigation, search Dictionary.png Looking for the Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Database? Click here for a user-friendly list of Marine and Hydrokinetic Technologies. This category has the default of form Form:Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology. Pages in category "Marine and Hydrokinetic Technologies" The following 200 pages are in this category, out of 282 total. (previous 200) (next 200) 1 MHK Technologies/14 MW OTECPOWER A MHK Technologies/Aegir Dynamo MHK Technologies/AirWEC MHK Technologies/Anaconda bulge tube drives turbine MHK Technologies/AquaBuoy MHK Technologies/Aquanator MHK Technologies/Aquantis MHK Technologies/Archimedes Wave Swing MHK Technologies/Atlantis AN 150 MHK Technologies/Atlantis AR 1000
Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Database | Open Energy Information
Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Database Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Database Jump to: navigation, search Introduction The U.S. Department of Energy's Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Database provides up-to-date information on marine and hydrokinetic renewable energy, both in the U.S. and around the world. The database includes wave, tidal, current, and ocean thermal energy, and contains information on the various energy conversion technologies, companies active in the field, and development of projects in the water. Depending on the needs of the user, the database can present a snapshot of projects in a given region, assess the progress of a certain technology type, or provide a comprehensive view of the entire marine and hydrokinetic energy industry. Using the Database (1) Map illustrates marine & hydrokinetic demonstration projects around the
Technological cost-reduction pathways for attenuator wave energy converters in the marine hydrokinetic environment.
SciTech Connect
This report considers and prioritizes the primary potential technical costreduction pathways for offshore wave activated body attenuators designed for ocean resources. This report focuses on technical research and development costreduction pathways related to the device technology rather than environmental monitoring or permitting opportunities. Three sources of information were used to understand current cost drivers and develop a prioritized list of potential costreduction pathways: a literature review of technical work related to attenuators, a reference device compiled from literature sources, and a webinar with each of three industry device developers. Data from these information sources were aggregated and prioritized with respect to the potential impact on the lifetime levelized cost of energy, the potential for progress, the potential for success, and the confidence in success. Results indicate the five most promising costreduction pathways include advanced controls, an optimized structural design, improved power conversion, planned maintenance scheduling, and an optimized device profile.
Bull, Diana L; Ochs, Margaret Ellen
Science Conference Proceedings (OSTI)
INL - Hydrokinetic & Wave Technologies
NLE Websites -- All DOE Office Websites (Extended Search)
Open-Center Turbine (790KB PDF) Hydromatrix - Innovative Solution For Low Impact Hydropower at Existing Engineered Structures (2.2MB PDF) Hydraulic Cross-Flow Turbines (3.5MB...
Marine & Hydrokinetic Technologies (Fact Sheet)
This fact sheet describes the U.S. Department of Energy's Water Power Program. The program supports the development of advanced water power devices that capture energy from waves, tides, ocean currents, rivers, streams, and ocean thermal gradients. The program works to promote the development and deployment of these new technologies, known as marine and hydrokinetic technologies, to assess the potential extractable energy from rivers, estuaries, and coastal waters, and to help industry harness this renewable, emissions-free resource to generate environmentally sustainable and cost-effective electricity.
Not Available
Wave Dragon
Overtopping Wave Devices Wave Dragon ApSLtd HWETTEI - Workshop October 26-28, 2005, Washington, DC Hydrokinetic Technologies Technical and Environmental Issues Workshop the Wave...
NREL: Water Power Research - Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology...
Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Instrumentation, Measurement, and Computer Modeling Workshop The Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology (MHK) Instrumentation, Measurement, and...
Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Glossary | Open Energy Information
Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Glossary Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Glossary Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Contents 1 Wave Power 1.1 Point Absorber 1.1.1 Submerged Pressure Differential (Example of a Point Absorber) 1.2 Oscillating Water Column 1.3 Overtopping Device 1.4 Attentuator 1.5 Oscillating Wave Surge Converter 2 Current Power 2.1 Axial Flow Turbine 2.2 Cross Flow Turbine 2.3 Reciprocating Device 2.3.1 Oscillating Hydrofoil: (Example of a Reciprocating Device) 3 Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) 3.1 Closed-cycle 3.2 Open-cycle 3.3 Hybrid Wave Power Graphics adapted from Bedard and Thresher Point Absorber Pointabsorber.jpg Wave energy capture device, with principal dimension relatively small compared to the wavelength, and is able to capture energy from a wave front
Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Glossary Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Glossary (Redirected from Hybrid) Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Contents 1 Wave Power 1.1 Point Absorber 1.1.1 Submerged Pressure Differential (Example of a Point Absorber) 1.2 Oscillating Water Column 1.3 Overtopping Device 1.4 Attentuator 1.5 Oscillating Wave Surge Converter 2 Current Power 2.1 Axial Flow Turbine 2.2 Cross Flow Turbine 2.3 Reciprocating Device 2.3.1 Oscillating Hydrofoil: (Example of a Reciprocating Device) 3 Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) 3.1 Closed-cycle 3.2 Open-cycle 3.3 Hybrid Wave Power Graphics adapted from Bedard and Thresher Point Absorber Pointabsorber.jpg Wave energy capture device, with principal dimension relatively small compared to the wavelength, and is able to capture energy from a wave front
Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Glossary Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Glossary (Redirected from Attenuator) Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Contents 1 Wave Power 1.1 Point Absorber 1.1.1 Submerged Pressure Differential (Example of a Point Absorber) 1.2 Oscillating Water Column 1.3 Overtopping Device 1.4 Attentuator 1.5 Oscillating Wave Surge Converter 2 Current Power 2.1 Axial Flow Turbine 2.2 Cross Flow Turbine 2.3 Reciprocating Device 2.3.1 Oscillating Hydrofoil: (Example of a Reciprocating Device) 3 Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) 3.1 Closed-cycle 3.2 Open-cycle 3.3 Hybrid Wave Power Graphics adapted from Bedard and Thresher Point Absorber Pointabsorber.jpg Wave energy capture device, with principal dimension relatively small compared to the wavelength, and is able to capture energy from a wave front
Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Database
DOE Data Explorer (OSTI)
Results are displayed as a list of technologies, companies, or projects. Data can be filtered by a number of criteria, including country/region, technology type, generation capacity, and technology or project stage. The database is currently (2009) being updated to include ocean thermal energy technologies, companies, and projects.[Taken from http://www2.eere.energy.gov/windandhydro/hydrokinetic/
Green Ocean Wave Energy | Open Energy Information
Ocean Wave Energy Jump to: navigation, search Name Green Ocean Wave Energy Sector Marine and Hydrokinetic Website http:http:www.greenoceanwa Region United States LinkedIn...
Simulating Collisions for Hydrokinetic Turbines
Evaluations of blade-strike on an axial-flow Marine Hydrokinetic turbine were conducted using a conventional methodology as well as an alternative modeling approach proposed in the present document. The proposed methodology integrates the following components into a Computa- tional Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model: (i) advanced eddy-resolving flow simulations, (ii) ambient turbulence based on field data, (iii) moving turbine blades in highly transient flows, and (iv) Lagrangian particles to mimic the potential fish pathways. The sensitivity of blade-strike prob- ability to the following conditions was also evaluated: (i) to the turbulent environment, (ii) to fish size and (iii) to mean stream flow velocity. The proposed methodology provided fraction of collisions and offered the capability of analyzing the causal relationships between the flow envi- ronment and resulting strikes on rotating blades. Overall, the conventional methodology largely overestimates the probability of strike, and lacks the ability to produce potential fish and aquatic biota trajectories as they interact with the rotating turbine. By using a set of experimental corre- lations of exposure-response of living fish colliding on moving blades, the occurrence, frequency and intensity of the particle collisions was next used to calculate the survival rate of fish crossing the MHK turbine. This step indicated survival rates always greater than 98%. Although the proposed CFD framework is computationally more expensive, it provides the advantage of evaluating multiple mechanisms of stress and injury of hydrokinetic turbine devices on fish.
Richmond, Marshall C.; Romero Gomez, Pedro DJ; Rakowski, Cynthia L.
Submersible Generator for Marine Hydrokinetics
A submersible generator was designed as a distinct and critical subassembly of marine hydrokinetics systems, specifically tidal and stream energy conversion. The generator is designed to work with both vertical and horizontal axis turbines. The final product is a high-pole-count, radial-flux, permanent magnet, rim mounted generator, initially rated at twenty kilowatts in a two-meter-per-second flow, and designed to leverage established and simple manufacturing processes. The generator was designed to work with a 3 meter by 7 meter Gorlov Helical Turbine or a marine hydrokinetic version of the FloDesign wind turbine. The team consisted of experienced motor/generator design engineers with cooperation from major US component suppliers (magnetics, coil winding and electrical steel laminations). Support for this effort was provided by Lucid Energy Technologies and FloDesign, Inc. The following tasks were completed: â�?¢ Identified the conditions and requirements for MHK generators. â�?¢ Defined a methodology for sizing and rating MHK systems. â�?¢ Selected an MHK generator topology and form factor. â�?¢ Completed electromechanical design of submersible generator capable of coupling to multiple turbine styles. â�?¢ Investigated MHK generator manufacturing requirements. â�?¢ Reviewed cost implications and financial viability. â�?¢ Completed final reporting and deliverables
Robert S. Cinq-Mars; Timothy Burke; Dr. James Irish; Brian Gustafson; Dr. James Kirtley; Dr. Aiman Alawa
Marine and Hydrokinetic Renewable Energy Devices, Potential Navigational Hazards and Mitigation Measures
On April 15, 2008, the Department of Energy (DOE) issued a Funding Opportunity Announcement for Advanced Water Power Projects which included a Topic Area for Marine and Hydrokinetic Renewable Energy Market Acceleration Projects. Within this Topic Area, DOE identified potential navigational impacts of marine and hydrokinetic renewable energy technologies and measures to prevent adverse impacts on navigation as a sub-topic area. DOE defines marine and hydrokinetic technologies as those capable of utilizing one or more of the following resource categories for energy generation: ocean waves; tides or ocean currents; free flowing water in rivers or streams; and energy generation from the differentials in ocean temperature. PCCI was awarded Cooperative Agreement DE-FC36-08GO18177 from the DOE to identify the potential navigational impacts and mitigation measures for marine hydrokinetic technologies. A technical report addressing our findings is available on this Science and Technology Information site under the Product Title, "Marine and Hydrokinetic Renewable Energy Technologies: Potential Navigational Impacts and Mitigation Measures". This product is a brochure, primarily for project developers, that summarizes important issues in that more comprehensive report, identifies locations where that report can be downloaded, and identifies points of contact for more information.
Cool, Richard, M.; Hudon, Thomas, J.; Basco, David, R.; Rondorf, Neil, E.
Green Wave Energy Corp GWEC | Open Energy Information
Green Wave Energy Corp GWEC Jump to: navigation, search Name Green Wave Energy Corp GWEC Sector Marine and Hydrokinetic Website http:http:greenwaveenergyc Region United States...
NREL: Dynamic Maps, GIS Data, and Analysis Tools - Marine & Hydrokinetic
Marine & Hydrokinetic Data Marine & Hydrokinetic Data This project estimates the naturally available and technically recoverable U.S. wave energy resources, using a 51-month Wavewatch III hindcast database developed especially for this study by National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA's) National Centers for Environmental Prediction. For total resource estimation, wave power density in terms of kilowatts per meter is aggregated across a unit diameter circle. This approach is fully consistent with accepted global practice and includes the resource made available by the lateral transfer of wave energy along wave crests, which enables densities within a few kilometers of a linear array, even for fixed terminator devices. The total available energy resource along the U.S. continental shelf edge,
Marine and Hydrokinetic Renewable Energy Technologies: Potential Navigational Impacts and Mitigation Measures
On April 15, 2008, the Department of Energy (DOE) issued a Funding Opportunity Announcement for Advanced Water Power Projects which included a Topic Area for Marine and Hydrokinetic Renewable Energy Market Acceleration Projects. Within this Topic Area, DOE identified potential navigational impacts of marine and hydrokinetic renewable energy technologies and measures to prevent adverse impacts on navigation as a sub-topic area. DOE defines marine and hydrokinetic technologies as those capable of utilizing one or more of the following resource categories for energy generation: ocean waves; tides or ocean currents; free flowing water in rivers or streams; and energy generation from the differentials in ocean temperature. PCCI was awarded Cooperative Agreement DE-FC36-08GO18177 from the DOE to identify the potential navigational impacts and mitigation measures for marine hydrokinetic technologies, as summarized herein. The contract also required cooperation with the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) and two recipients of awards (Pacific Energy Ventures and reVision) in a sub-topic area to develop a protocol to identify streamlined, best-siting practices. Over the period of this contract, PCCI and our sub-consultants, David Basco, Ph.D., and Neil Rondorf of Science Applications International Corporation, met with USCG headquarters personnel, with U.S. Army Corps of Engineers headquarters and regional personnel, with U.S. Navy regional personnel and other ocean users in order to develop an understanding of existing practices for the identification of navigational impacts that might occur during construction, operation, maintenance, and decommissioning. At these same meetings, �standard� and potential mitigation measures were discussed so that guidance could be prepared for project developers. Concurrently, PCCI reviewed navigation guidance published by the USCG and international community. This report summarizes the results of this effort, provides guidance in the form of a checklist for assessing the navigational impacts of potential marine and hydrokinetic projects, and provides guidance for improving the existing navigational guidance promulgated by the USCG in Navigation Vessel Inspection Circular 02 07. At the request of the USCG, our checklist and mitigation guidance was written in a generic nature so that it could be equally applied to offshore wind projects. PCCI teleconferenced on a monthly basis with DOE, Pacific Energy Ventures and reVision in order to share information and review work products. Although the focus of our effort was on marine and hydrokinetic technologies, as defined above, this effort drew upon earlier work by the USCG on offshore wind renewable energy installations. The guidance provided herein can be applied equally to marine and hydrokinetic technologies and to offshore wind, which are collectively referred to by the USCG as Renewable Energy Installations.
Category:Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Projects | Open Energy
Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Projects Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Projects Jump to: navigation, search Dictionary.png Looking for the Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Database? Click here for a user-friendly list of Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Projects. This category has the default of form Form:Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Project. Pages in category "Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Projects" The following 200 pages are in this category, out of 379 total. (previous 200) (next 200) 4 MHK Projects/40MW Lewis project A MHK Projects/ADM 3 MHK Projects/ADM 4 MHK Projects/ADM 5 MHK Projects/Admirality Inlet Tidal Energy Project MHK Projects/Agucadoura MHK Projects/Alaska 1 MHK Projects/Alaska 13 MHK Projects/Alaska 17 MHK Projects/Alaska 18 MHK Projects/Alaska 24 MHK Projects/Alaska 25
Form:Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology | Open Energy Information
Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Jump to: navigation, search Add a Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Input the name of your Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology below to add it to the registry. If your technology is already in the registry, the form will be populated with that technology's fields and you may edit. MHK_Technologies/ Submit The text entered into this field will be used as the name of the project being defined. All projects are automatically prefixed with MHK_Technologies/. The field is case sensitive so be sure to capitalize in the correct areas and type the full title properly. << Return to the Marine and Hydrokinetic Database Retrieved from "http://en.openei.org/w/index.php?title=Form:Marine_and_Hydrokinetic_Technology&oldid=680669"
Evaluation of Fish Injury and Mortality Associated with Hydrokinetic Turbines
Considerable efforts have been underway to develop hydrokinetic energy resources in tidal and riverine environments throughout North America. Potential for fish to be injured or killed if they encounter hydrokinetic turbines is an issue of significant interest to resource and regulatory agencies. To address this issue, flume studies were conducted that exposed fish to two hydrokinetic turbine designs to determine injury and survival rates and to assess behavioral reactions and avoidance. Also, a theoreti...
Form:Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Test | Open Energy Information
this page on Facebook icon Twitter icon Form:Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Test Jump to: navigation, search Retrieved from "http:en.openei.orgw...
Category:Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Tests | Open Energy...
Technology Tests Jump to: navigation, search Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Test This category currently contains no pages or media. Retrieved from "http:...
MHK Technologies/In stream River Hydrokinetics | Open Energy Information
In stream River Hydrokinetics In stream River Hydrokinetics < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Technology Profile Primary Organization ABS Alaskan Inc Technology Resource Click here Current Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 7 8 Open Water System Testing Demonstration and Operation Technology Description New Energy Corporation EnCurrent vertical axis turbine mounted on pontoon barge Technology Dimensions Device Testing Date Submitted 10:01.5 << Return to the MHK database homepage Retrieved from "http://en.openei.org/w/index.php?title=MHK_Technologies/In_stream_River_Hydrokinetics&oldid=680959" Category: Marine and Hydrokinetic Technologies What links here Related changes Special pages Printable version
River Hydrokinetic Resource Atlas | Open Energy Information
River Hydrokinetic Resource Atlas River Hydrokinetic Resource Atlas Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary LAUNCH TOOL Name: River Hydrokinetic Resource Atlas Agency/Company /Organization: National Renewable Energy Laboratory Sector: Energy Focus Area: Water Power Resource Type: Maps, Software/modeling tools User Interface: Website Website: maps.nrel.gov/river_atlas Country: United States Web Application Link: maps.nrel.gov/river_atlas Cost: Free UN Region: Northern America Coordinates: 39.7412019515°, -105.172290802° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":39.7412019515,"lon":-105.172290802,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
HYDROKAL: A module for in-stream hydrokinetic resource assessment
A new tool for hydrokinetic energy potential assessment in rivers-HYDROKAL, which stands for a ''hydrokinetic calculator''-is presented. This tool was developed in the Fortran 90 programming language as an external module for the CCHE2D application, ... Keywords: Instantaneous power density, Numerical modeling, Resource assessment, Stream
Paul Duvoy; Horacio Toniolo
Motor Wave Group | Open Energy Information
Wave Group Jump to: navigation, search Name Motor Wave Group Place Hong Kong Sector Marine and Hydrokinetic Website http:www.motorwavegroup.com Region China LinkedIn Connections...
Wind Waves and Sun | Open Energy Information
Waves and Sun Jump to: navigation, search Name Wind Waves and Sun Sector Marine and Hydrokinetic Website http:www.windwavesandsun.com Region United States LinkedIn Connections...
Wave Energy Centre | Open Energy Information
search Name Wave Energy Centre Address Wave Energy Centre Av Manuela da Maia 36 R C Dto Place Lisboa Zip 1000-201 Sector Marine and Hydrokinetic Phone number (+351) 21...
Kinetic Wave Power | Open Energy Information
Kinetic Wave Power Jump to: navigation, search Name Kinetic Wave Power Address 2861 N Tupelo St Place Midland Zip 48642 Sector Marine and Hydrokinetic Phone number 989-839-9757...
Form:Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Project | Open Energy Information
Form Form Edit History Facebook icon Twitter icon » Form:Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Project Jump to: navigation, search Add a Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Project Input the name of your Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Project below to add it to the registry. If your project is already in the registry, the form will be populated with that project's fields and you may edit. MHK_Projects/ Submit The text entered into this field will be used as the name of the project being defined. All projects are automatically prefixed with MHK_Projects/. The field is case sensitive so be sure to capitalize in the correct areas and type the full title properly. << Return to the MHK database homepage Retrieved from "http://en.openei.org/w/index.php?title=Form:Marine_and_Hydrokinetic_Technology_Project&oldid=688143"
NREL: Dynamic Maps, GIS Data, and Analysis Tools - Marine & Hydrokinet...
easier. A screen capture of the MapSearch Map view option Marine & Hydrokinetic Maps Hydropower already provides 6-7% of the nation's electricity, and the ocean represents a...
Estimation of the Risks of Collision or Strike to Freshwater Aquatic Organisms Resulting from Operation of Instream Hydrokinetic Turbines
Hydrokinetic energy technologies have been proposed as renewable, environmentally preferable alternatives to fossil fuels for generation of electricity. Hydrokinetic technologies harness the energy of water in motion, either from waves, tides or from river currents. For energy capture from free-flowing rivers, arrays of rotating devices are most commonly proposed. The placement of hydrokinetic devices in large rivers is expected to increase the underwater structural complexity of river landscapes. Moore and Gregory (1988) found that structural complexity increased local fish populations because fish and other aquatic biota are attracted to structural complexity that provides microhabitats with steep flow velocity gradients (Liao 2007). However, hydrokinetic devices have mechanical parts, blades, wings or bars that move through the water column, posing a potential strike or collision risk to fish and other aquatic biota. Furthermore, in a setting with arrays of hydrokinetic turbines the cumulative effects of multiple encounters may increase the risk of strike. Submerged structures associated with a hydrokinetic (HK) project present a collision risk to aquatic organisms and diving birds (Cada et al. 2007). Collision is physical contact between a device or its pressure field and an organism that may result in an injury to that organism (Wilson et al. 2007). Collisions can occur between animals and fixed submerged structures, mooring equipment, horizontal or vertical axis turbine rotors, and structures that, by their individual design or in combination, may form traps. This report defines strike as a special case of collision where a moving part, such as a rotor blade of a HK turbine intercepts the path of an organism of interest, resulting in physical contact with the organism. The severity of a strike incidence may range from minor physical contact with no adverse effects to the organism to severe strike resulting in injury or death of the organism. Harmful effects to animal populations could occur directly (e.g., from strike mortality of individuals) or indirectly (e.g., if the loss of prey species to strike reduces food for predators). Although actively swimming or passively drifting animals may collide with any of the physical structures associated with hydrokinetic devices, turbine rotors are the most likely sources for risk of strike or significant collision (DOE 2009). It is also possible that during a close encounter with a HK device no physical contact will be made between the device and the organism, either because the animal avoids the device by successfully changing its direction of movement, or by successfully evading any moving parts of the device. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has been funded by the US Department of Energy (DOE) Waterpower Program to evaluate strike potential and consequences for Marine and Hydrokinetic (MHK) technologies in rivers and estuaries of the United States. We will use both predictive models and laboratory/field experiments to evaluate the likelihood and consequences of strike at HK projects in rivers. Efforts undertaken at ORNL address three objectives: (1) Assess strike risk for marine and freshwater organisms; (2) Develop experimental procedures to assess the risk and consequences of strike; and (3) Conduct strike studies in experimental flumes and field installations of hydrokinetic devices. During the first year of the study ORNL collected information from the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) MHK database about geographical distribution of proposed hydrokinetic projects (what rivers or other types of systems), HK turbine design (horizontal axis, vertical axis, other), description of proposed axial turbine (number of blades, size of blades, rotation rate, mitigation measures), and number of units per project. Where site specific information was available, we compared the location of proposed projects rotors within the channel (e.g., along cutting edge bank, middle of thalweg, near bottom or in midwater) to the general locations of fish in the river (shoreline,
Schweizer, Peter E [ORNL; Cada, Glenn F [ORNL; Bevelhimer, Mark S [ORNL
Marine & Hydrokinetic Technologies (Fact Sheet), Wind And Water Power Program (WWPP)
Water Power Program Water Power Program supports the development of advanced water power devices that capture energy from waves, tides, ocean currents, rivers, streams, and ocean thermal gradients. The program works to promote the development and deployment of these new tech- nologies, known as marine and hydrokinetic technologies, to assess the potential extractable energy from rivers, estuaries, and coastal waters, and to help industry harness this renew- able, emissions-free resource to generate environmentally sustainable and cost-effective electricity. The program's research and development efforts fall under two categories: Technology Development and Market Acceleration. Technology Development The Water Power Program works with industry partners, universities, and the Department of Energy's national
Assessing the Effects of Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy Development on Marine and Estuarine Resources
The world�s oceans and estuaries offer an enormous potential to meet the nation�s growing demand for energy. The use of marine and hydrokinetic (MHK) devices to harness the power of wave and tidal energy could contribute significantly toward meeting federal- and state-mandated renewable energy goals while supplying a substantial amount of clean energy to coastal communities. Locations along the eastern and western coasts of the United States between 40� and 70� north latitude are ideal for MHK deployment, and recent estimates of energy potential for the coasts of Washington, Oregon, and California suggest that up to 25 gigawatts could be generated from wave and tidal devices in these areas. Because energy derived from wave and tidal devices is highly predictable, their inclusion in our energy portfolio could help balance available sources of energy production, including hydroelectric, coal, nuclear, wind, solar, geothermal, and others.
Ward, Jeffrey A.; Schultz, Irvin R.; Woodruff, Dana L.; Roesijadi, Guritno; Copping, Andrea E.
Abrasion Testing of Critical Components of Hydrokinetic Devices
The objective of the Abrasion Testing of Critical Components of Hydrokinetic Devices (Project) was to test critical components of hydrokinetic devices in waters with high levels of suspended sediment � information that is widely applicable to the hydrokinetic industry. Tidal and river sites in Alaska typically have high suspended sediment concentrations. High suspended sediment also occurs in major rivers and estuaries throughout the world and throughout high latitude locations where glacial inputs introduce silt into water bodies. In assessing the vulnerability of technology components to sediment induced abrasion, one of the greatest concerns is the impact that the sediment may have on device components such as bearings and seals, failures of which could lead to both efficiency loss and catastrophic system failures.
Worthington, Monty [ORPC Alaska] [ORPC Alaska; Ali, Muhammad [Ohio University] [Ohio University; Ravens, Tom [University of Alaska Anchorage] [University of Alaska Anchorage
Assessment and Mapping of the Riverine Hydrokinetic Resource in the
form form View source History View New Pages Recent Changes All Special Pages Semantic Search/Querying Get Involved Help Apps Datasets Community Login | Sign Up Search Page Edit with form History Facebook icon Twitter icon » Assessment and Mapping of the Riverine Hydrokinetic Resource in the Continental United States Jump to: navigation, search OpenEI Reference LibraryAdd to library Report: Assessment and Mapping of the Riverine Hydrokinetic Resource in the Continental United States Abstract This report describes the methodology and results of the most rigorous assessment to date of the riverine hydrokinetic energy resource in the contiguous 48 states and Alaska, excluding tidal waters. The assessment provides estimates of the gross, naturally available resource, termed the
Parallel and concurrent security of the HB and HB+ protocols
Juels andWeis (building on prior work of Hopper and Blum) propose and analyze two shared-key authentication protocols - HB and HB+ - whose extremely low computational cost makes them attractive for low-cost devices such as radio-frequency ...
Jonathan Katz; Ji Sun Shin
Wave Energy Technologies Inc | Open Energy Information
Inc Jump to: navigation, search Name Wave Energy Technologies Inc Address 270 Sandy Cove Rd Place Ketch Harbour Zip B3V 1K9 Sector Marine and Hydrokinetic Website http:...
Multnomah County Hydrokinetic Feasibility Study: Final Feasibility Study Report
HDR has completed a study of the technical, regulatory, and economic feasibility of installing hydrokinetic turbines under the Morrison, Broadway, and Sellwood bridges. The primary objective of installing hydrokinetic turbines is a demonstration of in-stream hydrokinetic technologies for public education and outreach. Due to the low gradient of the Lower Willamette and the effects of the tide, velocities in the area in consideration are simply not high enough to economically support a commercial installation. While the velocities in the river may at times provide enough energy for a commercial turbine to reach capacity, the frequency and duration of high flow events which provide suitable velocities is not sufficient to support a commercial hydrokinetic installation. We have observed that over an 11 year period, daily average velocities in the Lower Willamette exceeded a nominal cut-in speed of 0.75 m/s only 20% of the time, leaving net zero power production for the remaining 80% of days. The Sellwood Bridge site was estimated to have the best hydrokinetic resource, with an estimated average annual production of about 9,000 kWh. The estimated production could range from 2,500 kWh to 15,000 kWh. Based on these energy estimates, the amount of revenue generated through either a power purchase agreement (PPA) or recovered through net metering is not sufficient to repay the project costs within the life of the turbine. The hydrokinetic resource at the Morrison and Broadway Bridges is slightly smaller than at the Sellwood Bridge. While the Broadway and Morrison Bridges have existing infrastructure that could be utilized, the project is not expected to generate enough revenue to repay the investment. Despite low velocities and energy production, the sites themselves are favorable for installation of a demonstration or experimental project. With high public interest in renewable energy, the possibility exists to develop a hydrokinetic test site which could provide developers and scientists a location to temporarily deploy and test hydrokinetic devices, and also function as an educational tool for the general public. Bridge piers provide an excellent pre-existing anchor point for hydrokinetic devices, and existing infrastructure at the Morrison and Broadway Bridges may reduce installation costs. Opportunity exists to partner with local universities with engineering and environmental interest in renewable energy. A partnership with Portland State University�?¢�?�?�?�?s engineering school could provide students with an opportunity to learn about hydrokinetics through senior design projects. Oregon State University and University of Washington, which are partnered through the Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center (NNMREC) to study and test hydrokinetic technology, are also relatively local to the site. In addition to providing an opportunity for both public and private entities to learn technically about in-stream kinetics, this approach will encourage grant funding for outreach, education, and product development, while also serving as a positive community relations opportunity for the County and its partners.
Stephen Spain
Identifying How Marine and Hydrokinetic Devices Affect Aquatic Environments
Significant research is under way to determine the potential environmental effects of marine and hydrokinetic energy systems. This research, being guided and funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, is intended to address knowledge gaps and facilitate installation and operation of these systems.
Cada, G. F.; Copping, Andrea E.; Roberts, Jesse
Ocean Wave Wind Energy Ltd OWWE | Open Energy Information
Wind Energy Ltd OWWE Jump to: navigation, search Name Ocean Wave Wind Energy Ltd OWWE Sector Marine and Hydrokinetic Website http:www.owwe.net Region Norway LinkedIn Connections...
MHK Technologies/Deep water capable hydrokinetic turbine | Open Energy
water capable hydrokinetic turbine water capable hydrokinetic turbine < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage 275px Technology Profile Primary Organization Hills Inc Technology Resource Click here Current Technology Type Click here Axial Flow Turbine Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 4 Proof of Concept Technology Description It is an axial flow shrouded turbine direct connected to a water pump that delivers water to an on shore genetator Being completely water proof and submersible the device can operate at any water depth Mooring Configuration An array of turbines are teathered to a cable that is anchored via a dead weight Optimum Marine/Riverline Conditions This system is designed for use in Florida s Gulf Stream however any constant ocean current is suitable
MHK Technologies/Hydrokinetic Power Barge | Open Energy Information
Power Barge Power Barge < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Hydrokinetic Power Barge.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Onsite Recovered Energy LP Technology Resource Click here Current Technology Type Click here Axial Flow Turbine Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 5 6 System Integration and Technology Laboratory Demonstration Technology Description The Vurbine proprietary technology design and assembly mounted on a horizontal shaft on a twin hull pontoon or barge CAT or SWATH combines reaction and impulse technologies which can efficiently harvest hydrokinetic energy from flowing water in a low impact application Technology Dimensions Device Testing Date Submitted 36:51.7 << Return to the MHK database homepage
Hydro-kinetic approach to relativistic heavy ion collisions
We develop a combined hydro-kinetic approach which incorporates hydrodynamical expansion of the systems formed in \\textit{A}+\\textit{A} collisions and their dynamical decoupling described by escape probabilities. The method corresponds to a generalized relaxation time ($\\tau_{\\text{rel}}$) approximation for Boltzmann equation applied to inhomogeneous expanding systems; at small $\\tau_{\\text{rel}}$ it also allows one to catch the viscous effects in hadronic component - hadron-resonance gas. We demonstrate how the approximation of sudden freeze-out can be obtained within this dynamical picture of continuous emission and find that hypersurfaces, corresponding to sharp freeze-out limit, are momentum dependent. The pion $m_{T}$ spectra are computed in the developed hydro-kinetic model, and compared with those obtained from ideal hydrodynamics with the Cooper-Frye isothermal prescription. Our results indicate that there does not exist a universal freeze-out temperature for pions with different momenta, and support ...
Akkelin, S V; Karpenko, Iu A; Sinyukov, Yu M
MHK Projects/Yukon River Hydrokinetic Turbine Project | Open Energy
Yukon River Hydrokinetic Turbine Project Yukon River Hydrokinetic Turbine Project < MHK Projects Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":5,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"500px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"File:Aquamarine-marker.png","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":64.7883,"lon":-141.198,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"http:\/\/prod-http-80-800498448.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com\/w\/images\/7\/74\/Aquamarine-marker.png","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Readiness Level | Open Energy
Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Readiness Level Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Readiness Level Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage This field indicates the stage of development/deployment that technologies, which are undergoing partial or full-scale device testing, are currently in. Contents 1 TRL 1-3: Discovery / Concept Definition / Early Stage Development, Design, and Engineering 2 TRL 4: Proof of Concept 3 TRL 5/6: System Integration and Technology Laboratory Demonstration 4 TRL 7/8: Open Water System Testing, Demonstration, and Operation 5 TRL 9: Commercial-Scale Production / Application TRL 1-3: Discovery / Concept Definition / Early Stage Development, Design, and Engineering The purpose of this stage is to evaluate, to the largest extent possible, the scientific or technical merit and feasibility of ideas that appear to
MHK Projects/Piscataqua Tidal Hydrokinetic Energy Project | Open Energy
Piscataqua Tidal Hydrokinetic Energy Project Piscataqua Tidal Hydrokinetic Energy Project < MHK Projects Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":5,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"500px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"File:Aquamarine-marker.png","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":43.1055,"lon":-70.7912,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"http:\/\/prod-http-80-800498448.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com\/w\/images\/7\/74\/Aquamarine-marker.png","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
MHK Projects/Passamaquoddy Tribe Hydrokinetic Project | Open Energy
Passamaquoddy Tribe Hydrokinetic Project Passamaquoddy Tribe Hydrokinetic Project < MHK Projects Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":5,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"500px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"File:Aquamarine-marker.png","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":45.0234,"lon":-67.0672,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"http:\/\/prod-http-80-800498448.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com\/w\/images\/7\/74\/Aquamarine-marker.png","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
MHK Projects/Atchafalaya River Hydrokinetic Project II | Open Energy
Atchafalaya River Hydrokinetic Project II Atchafalaya River Hydrokinetic Project II < MHK Projects Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":5,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"500px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"File:Aquamarine-marker.png","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":30.9828,"lon":-91.7994,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"http:\/\/prod-http-80-800498448.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com\/w\/images\/7\/74\/Aquamarine-marker.png","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
MHK Projects/Sakonnet River Hydrokinetic Project | Open Energy Information
Sakonnet River Hydrokinetic Project Sakonnet River Hydrokinetic Project < MHK Projects Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":5,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"500px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"File:Aquamarine-marker.png","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":41.6224,"lon":-71.2153,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"http:\/\/prod-http-80-800498448.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com\/w\/images\/7\/74\/Aquamarine-marker.png","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Department of Energy Awards $37 Million for Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy
Department of Energy Awards $37 Million for Marine and Hydrokinetic Department of Energy Awards $37 Million for Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy Technology Development Department of Energy Awards $37 Million for Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy Technology Development September 9, 2010 - 12:00am Addthis Washington, DC - U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu today announced selections for more than $37 million in funding to accelerate the technological and commercial readiness of emerging marine and hydrokinetic (MHK) technologies, which seek to generate renewable electricity from the nation's oceans and free-flowing rivers and streams. The 27 projects range from concept studies and component design research to prototype development and in-water device testing. This unprecedented level of funding will advance the ability of marine and hydrokinetic energy technologies to
$37 Million for Marine and Hydrokinetic $37 Million for Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy Technology Development Department of Energy Awards $37 Million for Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy Technology Development September 9, 2010 - 12:00am Addthis Washington, DC - U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu today announced selections for more than $37 million in funding to accelerate the technological and commercial readiness of emerging marine and hydrokinetic (MHK) technologies, which seek to generate renewable electricity from the nation's oceans and free-flowing rivers and streams. The 27 projects range from concept studies and component design research to prototype development and in-water device testing. This unprecedented level of funding will advance the ability of marine and hydrokinetic energy technologies to
Remote Monitoring of the Structural Health of Hydrokinetic Composite Turbine Blades
A health monitoring approach is investigated for hydrokinetic turbine blade applications. In-service monitoring is critical due to the difficult environment for blade inspection and the cost of inspection downtime. Composite blade designs have advantages that include long life in marine environments and great control over mechanical properties. Experimental strain characteristics are determined for static loads and free-vibration loads. These experiments are designed to simulate the dynamic characteristics of hydrokinetic turbine blades. Carbon/epoxy symmetric composite laminates are manufactured using an autoclave process. Four-layer composite beams, eight-layer composite beams, and two-dimensional eight-layer composite blades are instrumented for strain. Experimental results for strain measurements from electrical resistance gages are validated with theoretical characteristics obtained from in-house finite-element analysis for all sample cases. These preliminary tests on the composite samples show good correlation between experimental and finite-element strain results. A health monitoring system is proposed in which damage to a composite structure, e.g. delamination and fiber breakage, causes changes in the strain signature behavior. The system is based on embedded strain sensors and embedded motes in which strain information is demodulated for wireless transmission. In-service monitoring is critical due to the difficult environment for blade inspection and the cost of inspection downtime. Composite blade designs provide a medium for embedding sensors into the blades for in-situ health monitoring. The major challenge with in-situ health monitoring is transmission of sensor signals from the remote rotating reference frame of the blade to the system monitoring station. In the presented work, a novel system for relaying in-situ blade health measurements in hydrokinetic systems is described and demonstrated. An ultrasonic communication system is used to transmit sensor data underwater from the rotating frame of the blade to a fixed relay station. Data are then broadcast via radio waves to a remote monitoring station. Results indicate that the assembled system can transmit simulated sensor data with an accuracy of ±5% at a maximum sampling rate of 500 samples/sec. A power investigation of the transmitter within the blade shows that continuous max-sampling operation is only possible for short durations (~days), and is limited due to the capacity of the battery power source. However, intermittent sampling, with long periods between samples, allows for the system to last for very long durations (~years). Finally, because the data transmission system can operate at a high sampling rate for short durations or at a lower sampling rate/higher duty cycle for long durations, it is well-suited for short-term prototype and environmental testing, as well as long-term commercially-deployed hydrokinetic machines.
J.L. Rovey K. Chandrashekhara
Template:Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology | Open Energy Information
Technology Technology Jump to: navigation, search This is the Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology template. It is designed for use by MHK Technologies Pages. To define an MHK Technology, please use this form. Parameters Image - Associated image file. (optional) Primary Organization - Field def missing! Project(s) where this technology is utilized - Field def missing! Technology Resource - Field def missing! Technology Type - Field def missing! Technology Readiness Level - Field def missing! Technology Description - Field def missing! Designed to Operate with Shore Connection - Field def missing! Power Transfer Method - Field def missing! Water Column Location - Field def missing! Mooring Configuration - Field def missing! Optimum Marine/Riverline Conditions - Field def missing!
JEDI Marine and Hydrokinetic Model: User Reference Guide
The Jobs and Economic Development Impact Model (JEDI) for Marine and Hydrokinetics (MHK) is a user-friendly spreadsheet-based tool designed to demonstrate the economic impacts associated with developing and operating MHK power systems in the United States. The JEDI MHK User Reference Guide was developed to assist users in using and understanding the model. This guide provides information on the model's underlying methodology, as well as the sources and parameters used to develop the cost data utilized in the model. This guide also provides basic instruction on model add-in features, operation of the model, and a discussion of how the results should be interpreted.
Goldberg, M.; Previsic, M.
2011 Marine and Hydrokinetic Device Modeling Workshop: Final Report
PROGRAM PROGRAM � 2011 Marine Hydrokinetic Device Modeling Workshop: Final Report March 1, 2011 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation,
Lease Issuance for Marine Hydrokinetic Technology Testing on the Outer Continental Shelf
the Interior the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Office of Renewable Energy Programs OCS EIS/EA BOEM 2013-01140 Lease Issuance for Marine Hydrokinetic Technology Testing on the Outer Continental Shelf Offshore Florida Revised Environmental Assessment OCS EIS/EA BOEM 2013-01140 Lease Issuance for Marine Hydrokinetic Technology Testing on the Outer Continental Shelf Offshore Florida Revised Environmental Assessment Author Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Office of Renewable Energy Programs Published by U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Office of Renewable Energy Programs August 2013 iii FINDING OF NO SIGNIIFCANT IMPACT Lease Issuance for Marine Hydrokinetic Technology Testing on the Outer Continental
We develop a combined hydro-kinetic approach which incorporates a hydrodynamical expansion of the systems formed in \\textit{A}+\\textit{A} collisions and their dynamical decoupling described by escape probabilities. The method corresponds to a generalized relaxation time ($\\tau_{\\text{rel}}$) approximation for the Boltzmann equation applied to inhomogeneous expanding systems; at small $\\tau_{\\text{rel}}$ it also allows one to catch the viscous effects in hadronic component - hadron-resonance gas. We demonstrate how the approximation of sudden freeze-out can be obtained within this dynamical picture of continuous emission and find that hypersurfaces, corresponding to a sharp freeze-out limit, are momentum dependent. The pion $m_{T}$ spectra are computed in the developed hydro-kinetic model, and compared with those obtained from ideal hydrodynamics with the Cooper-Frye isothermal prescription. Our results indicate that there does not exist a universal freeze-out temperature for pions with different momenta, and support an earlier decoupling of higher $p_{T}$ particles. By performing numerical simulations for various initial conditions and equations of state we identify several characteristic features of the bulk QCD matter evolution preferred in view of the current analysis of heavy ion collisions at RHIC energies.
S. V. Akkelin; Y. Hama; Iu. A. Karpenko; Yu. M. Sinyukov
Fish Passage Through Turbines: Application of Conventional Hydropower Data to Hydrokinetic Technologies
The potential for fish populations to be negatively impacted by hydrokinetic turbines is a major issue associated with the development and licensing of this type of renewable energy source. Such impacts may include habitat alteration, disruptions in migrations and movements, and injury and mortality to fish that encounter turbines. In particular, there is considerable concern for fish and other aquatic organisms to interact with hydrokinetic turbines in a manner that could lead to alterations in normal b...
Marine Hydrokinetic Turbine Power-Take-Off Design for Optimal Performance and Low Impact on Cost-of-Energy: Preprint
Marine hydrokinetic devices are becoming a popular method for generating marine renewable energy worldwide. These devices generate electricity by converting the kinetic energy of moving water, wave motion or currents, into electrical energy through the use of a power-take-off (PTO) system. Most PTO systems incorporate a mechanical or hydraulic drivetrain, power generator, and electric control/conditioning system to deliver the generated electric power to the grid at the required state. Like wind turbine applications, the PTO system must be designed for high reliability, good efficiency, and long service life with reasonable maintenance requirements, low cost, and an appropriate mechanical design for anticipated applied steady and unsteady loads. The ultimate goal of a PTO design is high efficiency and low maintenance and cost, with a low impact on the device cost-of-energy (CoE).
Beam, M.; Kline, B.; Elbing, B.; Straka, W.; Fontaine, A.; Lawson, M.; Li, Y.; Thresher, R.; Previsic, M.
Marine hydrokinetic devices are becoming a popular method for generating marine renewable energy worldwide. These devices generate electricity by converting the kinetic energy of moving water, wave motion or currents, into electrical energy through the use of a Power-Take-Off (PTO) system. Most PTO systems incorporate a mechanical or hydraulic drive train, power generator and electric control/conditioning system to deliver the generated electric power to the grid at the required state. Like wind turbine applications, the PTO system must be designed for high reliability, good efficiency, and long service life with reasonable maintenance requirements, low cost and an appropriate mechanical design for anticipated applied steady and unsteady loads. The ultimate goal of a PTO design is high efficiency, low maintenance and cost with a low impact on the device Cost-of-Energy (CoE).
THORs Power Method for Hydrokinetic Devices - Final Report
Ocean current energy represents a vast untapped source of renewable energy that exists on the outer continental shelf areas of the 5 major continents. Ocean currents are unidirectional in nature and are perpetuated by thermal and salinity sea gradients, as well as coriolis forces imparted from the earth's rotation. This report details THORs Power Method, a breakthrough power control method that can provide dramatic increases to the capacity factor over and above existing marine hydrokinetic (MHK) devices employed in the extraction of energy from ocean currents. THORs Power Method represents a constant speed, variable depth operational method that continually locates the ocean current turbine at a depth at which the rated power of the generator is routinely achieved. Variable depth operation is achieved by using various vertical force effectors, including ballast tanks for variable weight, a hydrodynamic wing for variable lift or down force and drag flaps for variable vehicle drag forces.
J. Turner Hunt; Joel Rumker
Simulating Collisions for Hydrokinetic Turbines. FY2010 Annual Progress Report.
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of turbulent flow and particle motion are being conducted to evaluate the frequency and severity of collisions between marine and hydrokinetic (MHK) energy devices and debris or aquatic organisms. The work is part of a collaborative research project between Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and Sandia National Laboratories , funded by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Wind and Water Power Program. During FY2010 a reference design for an axial flow MHK turbine was used to develop a computational geometry for inclusion into a CFD model. Unsteady simulations of turbulent flow and the moving MHK turbine blades are being performed and the results used for simulation of particle trajectories. Preliminary results and plans for future work are presented.
Richmond, Marshall C.; Rakowski, Cynthia L.; Perkins, William A.; Serkowski, John A.
Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy Development Technical Support and General Environmental Studies Report on Outreach to Stakeholders for Fiscal Year 2009
Report on activities working with stakeholders in the emerging marine and hydrokinetic energy industry during FY09, for DOE EERE Office of Waterpower.
Copping, Andrea E.; Geerlofs, Simon H.
Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology (MHK) Instrumentation, Measurement, and Computer Modeling Workshop
Marine and Hydrokinetic Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology (MHK) Instrumentation, Measurement, and Computer Modeling Workshop W. Musial, M. Lawson, and S. Rooney National Renewable Energy Laboratory Technical Report NREL/TP-5000-57605 February 2013 NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC. National Renewable Energy Laboratory 15013 Denver West Parkway Golden, Colorado 80401 303-275-3000 * www.nrel.gov Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology (MHK) Instrumentation, Measurement, and Computer Modeling Workshop W. Musial, M. Lawson, and S. Rooney National Renewable Energy Laboratory Prepared under Task No. WA09.3406
Carnegie Wave Energy Limited | Open Energy Information
Carnegie Wave Energy Limited Carnegie Wave Energy Limited Jump to: navigation, search Name Carnegie Wave Energy Limited Address 1 124 Stirling Highway Place North Fremantle Zip 6159 Sector Marine and Hydrokinetic Year founded 1993 Number of employees 25 Website http://www.carnegiewave.com Region Australia LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This company is listed in the Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Database. This company is involved in the following MHK Projects: CETO La Reunion CETO3 Garden Island Perth Wave Energy Project PWEP This company is involved in the following MHK Technologies: CETO Wave Energy Technology This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. Retrieved from "http://en.openei.org/w/index.php?title=Carnegie_Wave_Energy_Limited&oldid=678263
Environmental Effects of Hydrokinetic Turbines on Fish: Desktop and Laboratory Flume Studies
This collection of three reports describes desktop and laboratory flume studies that provide information to support assessment of the potential for injury and mortality of fish that encounter hydrokinetic turbines of various designs installed in tidal and river environments. Behavioral responses to turbine exposure also are investigated to support assessment of the potential for disruptions to upstream and downstream movements of fish. The studies: (1) conducted an assessment of potential injury mechanisms using available data from studies with conventional hydro turbines; (2) developed theoretical models for predicting blade strike probabilities and mortality rates; and (3) performed flume testing with three turbine designs and several fish species and size groups in two laboratory flumes to estimate survival rates and document fish behavior. The project yielded three reports which this document comprises. The three constituent documents are addressed individually below Fish Passage Through Turbines: Application of Conventional Hydropower Data to Hydrokinetic Technologies Fish passing through the blade sweep of a hydrokinetic turbine experience a much less harsh physical environment than do fish entrained through conventional hydro turbines. The design and operation of conventional turbines results in high flow velocities, abrupt changes in flow direction, relatively high runner rotational and blade speeds, rapid and significant changes in pressure, and the need for various structures throughout the turbine passageway that can be impacted by fish. These conditions generally do not occur or are not significant factors for hydrokinetic turbines. Furthermore, compared to conventional hydro turbines, hydrokinetic turbines typically produce relatively minor changes in shear, turbulence, and pressure levels from ambient conditions in the surrounding environment. Injuries and mortality from mechanical injuries will be less as well, mainly due to low rotational speeds and strike velocities, and an absence of structures that can lead to grinding or abrasion injuries. Additional information is needed to rigorously assess the nature and magnitude of effects on individuals and populations, and to refine criteria for design of more fish-friendly hydrokinetic turbines. Evaluation of Fish Injury and Mortality Associated with Hydrokinetic Turbines Flume studies exposed fish to two hydrokinetic turbine designs to determine injury and survival rates and to assess behavioral responses. Also, a theoretical model developed for predicting strike probability and mortality of fish passing through conventional hydro turbines was adapted for use with hydrokinetic turbines and applied to the two designs evaluated during flume studies. The flume tests were conducted with the Lucid spherical turbine (LST), a Darrieus-type (cross flow) turbine, and the Welka UPG, an axial flow propeller turbine. Survival rates for rainbow trout tested with the LST were greater than 98% for both size groups and approach velocities evaluated. Turbine passage survival rates for rainbow trout and largemouth bass tested with the Welka UPG were greater than 99% for both size groups and velocities evaluated. Injury rates of turbine-exposed fish were low with both turbines and generally comparable to control fish. Video observations of the LST demonstrated active avoidance of turbine passage by a large proportion fish despite being released about 25 cm upstream of the turbine blade sweep. Video observations from behavior trials indicated few if any fish pass through the turbines when released farther upstream. The theoretical predictions for the LST indicated that strike mortality would begin to occur at an ambient current velocity of about 1.7 m/s for fish with lengths greater than the thickness of the leading edge of the blades. As current velocities increase above 1.7 m/s, survival was predicted to decrease for fish passing through the LST, but generally remained high (greater than 90%) for fish less than 200 mm in length. Strike mortality was not predicted to occur duri
Jacobson, Paul T. [Electric Power Research Institute; Amaral, Stephen V. [Alden Research Laboratory; Castro-Santos, Theodore [U.S. Geological Survey; Giza, Dan [Alden Research Laboratory; Haro, Alexander J. [U.S. Geological Survey; Hecker, George [Alden Research Laboratory; McMahon, Brian [Alden Research Laboratory; Perkins, Norman [Alden Research Laboratory; Pioppi, Nick [Alden Research Laboratory
WaveCatcher Inc | Open Energy Information
WaveCatcher Inc WaveCatcher Inc Jump to: navigation, search Name WaveCatcher Inc Address 2307 Robincrest Ln Sector Marine and Hydrokinetic Year founded 2006 Phone number 1-847-764-9106 LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This company is listed in the Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Database. This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. Retrieved from "http://en.openei.org/w/index.php?title=WaveCatcher_Inc&oldid=678511" Categories: Clean Energy Organizations Companies Organizations Stubs MHK Companies What links here Related changes Special pages Printable version Permanent link Browse properties 429 Throttled (bot load) Error 429 Throttled (bot load) Throttled (bot load) Guru Meditation: XID: 1863326429 Varnish cache server
The Contribution of Environmental Siting and Permitting Requirements to the Cost of Energy for Marine and Hydrokinetic Devices
Responsible deployment of marine and hydrokinetic (MHK) devices in estuaries, coastal areas, and major rivers requires that biological resources and ecosystems be protected through siting and permitting (consenting) processes. Scoping appropriate deployment locations, collecting pre-installation (baseline) and post-installation data add to the cost of developing MHK projects, and hence to the cost of energy. Under the direction of the U.S. Department of Energy, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory scientists have developed logic models that describe studies and processes for environmental siting and permitting. Each study and environmental permitting process has been assigned a cost derived from existing and proposed tidal, wave, and riverine MHK projects. Costs have been developed at the pilot scale, and for commercial arrays. This work is carried out under the U.S. Department of Energy reference model project, with the costs for engineering, deployment strategies, mooring and anchoring configurations, and maintenance operations, being developed by a consortium of Department of Energy national laboratories and universities. The goal of the reference model is to assist the MHK industry to become a cost-competitive contributor of renewable energy, by identifying those aspects of MHK projects that contribute significantly to the cost of energy, and directing research funding towards lowering those costs.
MHK Projects/Indian River Tidal Hydrokinetic Energy Project | Open Energy
Tidal Hydrokinetic Energy Project Tidal Hydrokinetic Energy Project < MHK Projects Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":5,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"500px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"File:Aquamarine-marker.png","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":38.6853,"lon":-75.0694,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"http:\/\/prod-http-80-800498448.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com\/w\/images\/7\/74\/Aquamarine-marker.png","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Assessment and Mapping of the Riverine Hydrokinetic Resource in the Continental United States
This report describes the methodology and results of the most rigorous assessment to date of the riverine hydrokinetic energy resource in the contiguous 48 states and Alaska, excluding tidal waters. The assessment provides estimates of the gross, naturally available resource, termed the theoretical resource, as well as estimates, termed the technically recoverable resource, that account for selected technological factors affecting capture and conversion of the theoretical resource. The ...
Technology Glossary Technology Glossary (Redirected from Axial Flow Turbine) Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Contents 1 Wave Power 1.1 Point Absorber 1.1.1 Submerged Pressure Differential (Example of a Point Absorber) 1.2 Oscillating Water Column 1.3 Overtopping Device 1.4 Attentuator 1.5 Oscillating Wave Surge Converter 2 Current Power 2.1 Axial Flow Turbine 2.2 Cross Flow Turbine 2.3 Reciprocating Device 2.3.1 Oscillating Hydrofoil: (Example of a Reciprocating Device) 3 Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) 3.1 Closed-cycle 3.2 Open-cycle 3.3 Hybrid Wave Power Graphics adapted from Bedard and Thresher Point Absorber Pointabsorber.jpg Wave energy capture device, with principal dimension relatively small compared to the wavelength, and is able to capture energy from a wave front
Performance Evaluation of HYCOM-GOM for Hydrokinetic Resource Assessment in the Florida Strait
The U.S. Department of Energy (DoE) is assessing and mapping the potential off-shore ocean current hydrokinetic energy resources along the U.S. coastline, excluding tidal currents, to facilitate market penetration of water power technologies. This resource assessment includes information on the temporal and three-dimensional spatial distribution of the daily averaged power density, and the overall theoretical hydrokinetic energy production, based on modeled historical simulations spanning a 7-year period of record using HYCOM-GOM, an ocean current observation assimilation model that generates a spatially distributed three-dimensional representation of daily averaged horizontal current magnitude and direction time series from which power density time series and their statistics can be derived. This study ascertains the deviation of HYCOM-GOM outputs, including transport (flow) and power density, from outputs based on three independent observation sources to evaluate HYCOM-GOM performance. The three independent data sources include NOAA s submarine cable data of transport, ADCP data at a high power density location, and HF radar data in the high power density region of the Florida Strait. Comparisons with these three independent observation sets indicate discrepancies with HYCOM model outputs, but overall indicate that the HYCOM-GOM model can provide an adequate assessment of the ocean current hydrokinetic resource in high power density regions like the Florida Strait. Additional independent observational data, in particular stationary ADCP measurements, would be useful for expanding this model performance evaluation study. ADCP measurements are rare in ocean environments not influenced by tides, and limited to one location in the Florida Strait. HF radar data, although providing great spatial coverage, is limited to surface currents only.
Neary, Vincent S [ORNL; Gunawan, Budi [ORNL; Ryou, Albert S [ORNL
Inflow Characterization for Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy Devices. FY-2011: Annual Progress Report
The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), in collaboration with the Applied Physics Laboratory at the University of Washington (APL-UW), has carried out a detailed preliminary fluid flow field study at site selected for testing of marine and hydrokinetic turbines using Acoustic Doppler Velocimetry (ADV) measurements, Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) measurements, and Conductivity, Temperature and Depth (CTD) measurements. In FY-2011 these measurements were performed continuously for two weeks, in order to collect data during neap and spring tides, as well as during diurnal tidal variations.
Richmond, Marshall C.; Durgesh, Vibhav; Thomson, Jim; Polagye, Brian
Effects of Large Energetic Vortices on Axial-Flow Hydrokinetic Turbines
Large scale coherent motions around marine and hydrokinetic (MHK) machines can significantly increase the structural loading and affect the overall performance of the machines. Characterization of the approach turbulence and their impact on the instantaneous response of MHK devices is essential for improving their design and performance. This preliminary study investigates the effect of turbulence and dominant energetic coherent structures induced by a vertical cylinder on the structural load and energy production in a model MHK turbine. Results show that the power generated by the turbine is significantly reduced by the presence of the cylinder. This reduction depends on the distance from the cylinder and the level of turbulence around the rotor area.
Gunawan, Budi [ORNL; Neary, Vincent S [ORNL; Hill, Craig [St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2 Third Avenue SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414; Chamorro, Leonardo [St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2 Third Avenue SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414
Measurement of velocity deficit at the downstream of a 1:10 axial hydrokinetic turbine model
Wake recovery constrains the downstream spacing and density of turbines that can be deployed in turbine farms and limits the amount of energy that can be produced at a hydrokinetic energy site. This study investigates the wake recovery at the downstream of a 1:10 axial flow turbine model using a pulse-to-pulse coherent Acoustic Doppler Profiler (ADP). In addition, turbine inflow and outflow velocities were measured for calculating the thrust on the turbine. The result shows that the depth-averaged longitudinal velocity recovers to 97% of the inflow velocity at 35 turbine diameter (D) downstream of the turbine.
2011 Marine Hydrokinetic Device Modeling Workshop: Final Report; March 1, 2011
This report summarizes the NREL Marine and Hydrokinetic Device Modeling Workshop. The objectives for the modeling workshop were to: (1) Review the designs of existing MHK device prototypes and discuss design and optimization procedures; (2) Assess the utility and limitations of modeling techniques and methods presently used for modeling MHK devices; (3) Assess the utility and limitations of modeling methods used in other areas, such as naval architecture and ocean engineering (e.g., oil & gas industry); and (4) Identify the necessary steps to link modeling with other important components that analyze MHK devices (e.g., tank testing, PTO design, mechanical design).
Li, Y.; Reed, M.; Smith, B.
International Standards Development for Marine and Hydrokinetic Renewable Energy - Final Report on Technical Status
This report summarizes the progress toward development of International Standards for Marine and Hydrokinetic Renewable Energy, as funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Technical Committee 114. The project has three main objectives: 1. Provide funding to support participation of key U.S. industry technical experts in 6 (originally 4) international working groups and/or project teams (the primary standards-making committees) and to attend technical meetings to ensure greater U.S. involvement in the development of these standards. 2. Provide a report to DOE and industry stakeholders summarizing the IEC standards development process for marine and hydrokinetic renewable energy, new international standards and their justifications, and provide standards guidance to industry members. 3. Provide a semi-annual (web-based) newsletter to the marine renewable energy community. The newsletter will educate industry members and stakeholders about the processes, progress, and needs of the US efforts to support the international standards development effort. The newsletter is available at www.TC114.us
Rondorf, Neil E.; Busch, Jason; Kimball, Richard
Hydrodynamic Optimization Method and Design Code for Stall-Regulated Hydrokinetic Turbine Rotors
5021 5021 August 2009 Hydrodynamic Optimization Method and Design Code for Stall-Regulated Hydrokinetic Turbine Rotors D. Sale University of Tennessee J. Jonkman and W. Musial National Renewable Energy Laboratory Presented at the ASME 28 th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore, and Arctic Engineering Honolulu, Hawaii May 31-June 5, 2009 NOTICE The submitted manuscript has been offered by an employee of the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC (ASE), a contractor of the US Government under Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308. Accordingly, the US Government and ASE retain a nonexclusive royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for US Government purposes. This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government.
This report describes the adaptation of a wind turbine performance code for use in the development of a general use design code and optimization method for stall-regulated horizontal-axis hydrokinetic turbine rotors. This rotor optimization code couples a modern genetic algorithm and blade-element momentum performance code in a user-friendly graphical user interface (GUI) that allows for rapid and intuitive design of optimal stall-regulated rotors. This optimization method calculates the optimal chord, twist, and hydrofoil distributions which maximize the hydrodynamic efficiency and ensure that the rotor produces an ideal power curve and avoids cavitation. Optimizing a rotor for maximum efficiency does not necessarily create a turbine with the lowest cost of energy, but maximizing the efficiency is an excellent criterion to use as a first pass in the design process. To test the capabilities of this optimization method, two conceptual rotors were designed which successfully met the design objectives.
Sale, D.; Jonkman, J.; Musial, W.
Flume studies exposed fish to two hydrokinetic turbine designs to determine injury and survival rates and to assess behavioral responses. Also, a theoretical model developed for predicting strike probability and mortality of fish passing through conventional hydro turbines was adapted for use with hydrokinetic turbines and applied to the two designs evaluated during flume studies. The flume tests were conducted with the Lucid spherical turbine (LST), a Darrieus-type (cross flow) turbine, and the Welka UPG, an axial flow propeller turbine. Survival rates for rainbow trout tested with the LST were greater than 98% for both size groups and approach velocities evaluated. Turbine passage survival rates for rainbow trout and largemouth bass tested with the Welka UPG were greater than 99% for both size groups and velocities evaluated. Injury rates of turbine-exposed fish were low with both turbines and generally comparable to control fish. Video observations of the LST demonstrated active avoidance of turbine passage by a large proportion fish despite being released about 25 cm upstream of the turbine blade sweep. Video observations from behavior trials indicated few if any fish pass through the turbines when released farther upstream. The theoretical predictions for the LST indicated that strike mortality would begin to occur at an ambient current velocity of about 1.7 m/s for fish with lengths greater than the thickness of the leading edge of the blades. As current velocities increase above 1.7 m/s, survival was predicted to decrease for fish passing through the LST, but generally remained high (greater than 90%) for fish less than 200 mm in length. Strike mortality was not predicted to occur duri
Wave Star Energy | Open Energy Information
Star Energy Star Energy Jump to: navigation, search Name Wave Star Energy Place Denmark Zip DK-2920 Product Denmark-based private wave device developer. References Wave Star Energy[1] LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This company is listed in the Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Database. This company is involved in the following MHK Projects: Wave Star Energy 1 10 Scale Model Test This company is involved in the following MHK Technologies: C5 WaveStar This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. Wave Star Energy is a company located in Denmark . References ↑ "Wave Star Energy" Retrieved from "http://en.openei.org/w/index.php?title=Wave_Star_Energy&oldid=678928" Categories: Clean Energy Organizations
Tethys: The Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Environmental Impacts Knowledge Management System -- Requirements Specification -- Version 1.0
The marine and hydrokinetic (MHK) environmental impacts knowledge management system (KMS), dubbed Tethys after the mythical Greek goddess of the seas, is being developed for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Wind and Hydropower Technologies Program (WHTP) by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). This requirements specification establishes the essential capabilities required of Tethys and clarifies for WHTP and the Tethys development team the results that must be achieved by the system.
Butner, R. Scott; Snowden-Swan, Lesley J.; Ellis, Peter C.
Dynamics Simulation in a Wave Environment
Coupled Dynamic Simulation in a Wave Coupled Dynamic Simulation in a Wave Environment (Navatek, AEGIR, and WECs) Marine and Hydrokinetics Instrumentation Workshop 9 July 2012 David Kring, Navatek Ltd. Presentation Overview * Introduction to Navatek * AEGIR brief: resistance, seakeeping, global and local loads a 3D, NURBS-based, high-order, Rankine boundary element method ... from same lab as at MIT as WAMIT and SWAN, with pFFT acceleration coupling with controls, structures, aerodynamics, power take-offs * Some WEC applications at Navatek 2 Honolulu, Hawaii, USA Company Background A "Research Shipyard" based in Honolulu, HI Combining simulation-based design with prototype construction
Siting Study Framework and Survey Methodology for Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy Project in Offshore Southeast Florida
Dehlsen Associates, LLC was awarded a grant by the United States Department of Energy (DOE) Golden Field Office for a project titled 'Siting Study Framework and Survey Methodology for Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy Project in Offshore Southeast Florida,' corresponding to DOE Grant Award Number DE-EE0002655 resulting from DOE funding Opportunity Announcement Number DE-FOA-0000069 for Topic Area 2, and it is referred to herein as 'the project.' The purpose of the project was to enhance the certainty of the survey requirements and regulatory review processes for the purpose of reducing the time, efforts, and costs associated with initial siting efforts of marine and hydrokinetic energy conversion facilities that may be proposed in the Atlantic Ocean offshore Southeast Florida. To secure early input from agencies, protocols were developed for collecting baseline geophysical information and benthic habitat data that can be used by project developers and regulators to make decisions early in the process of determining project location (i.e., the siting process) that avoid or minimize adverse impacts to sensitive marine benthic habitat. It is presumed that such an approach will help facilitate the licensing process for hydrokinetic and other ocean renewable energy projects within the study area and will assist in clarifying the baseline environmental data requirements described in the U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement (formerly Minerals Management Service) final regulations on offshore renewable energy (30 Code of Federal Regulations 285, published April 29, 2009). Because projects generally seek to avoid or minimize impacts to sensitive marine habitats, it was not the intent of this project to investigate areas that did not appear suitable for the siting of ocean renewable energy projects. Rather, a two-tiered approach was designed with the first step consisting of gaining overall insight about seabed conditions offshore southeastern Florida by conducting a geophysical survey of pre-selected areas with subsequent post-processing and expert data interpretation by geophysicists and experienced marine biologists knowledgeable about the general project area. The second step sought to validate the benthic habitat types interpreted from the geophysical data by conducting benthic video and photographic field surveys of selected habitat types. The goal of this step was to determine the degree of correlation between the habitat types interpreted from the geophysical data and what actually exists on the seafloor based on the benthic video survey logs. This step included spot-checking selected habitat types rather than comprehensive evaluation of the entire area covered by the geophysical survey. It is important to note that non-invasive survey methods were used as part of this study and no devices of any kind were either temporarily or permanently attached to the seabed as part of the work conducted under this project.
Vinick, Charles; Riccobono, Antonino, MS; Messing, Charles G., Ph.D.; Walker, Brian K., Ph.D.; Reed, John K., Ph.D.
Legislation: H.B. 5524 (Michigan) | Department of Energy
Legislation: H.B. 5524 (Michigan) Legislation: H.B. 5524 (Michigan) Legislation: H.B. 5524 (Michigan) < Back Eligibility Utility Fed. Government Commercial Agricultural Investor-Owned Utility State/Provincial Govt Industrial Construction Municipal/Public Utility Local Government Residential Installer/Contractor Rural Electric Cooperative Tribal Government Low-Income Residential Schools Retail Supplier Institutional Multi-Family Residential Systems Integrator Fuel Distributor Nonprofit General Public/Consumer Transportation Savings Category Alternative Fuel Vehicles Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Buying & Making Electricity Water Home Weatherization Solar Wind Program Info State Michigan Program Type Generating Facility Rate-Making Renewables Portfolio Standards and Goals This bill was part of a package of energy bills that enacted regulatory
Environmentally Benign and Permanent Modifications to Prevent Biofouling on Marine and Hydrokinetic Devices
Semprus Biosciences is developing environmentally benign and permanent modifications to prevent biofouling on Marine and Hydrokinetic (MHK) devices. Biofouling, including growth on external surfaces by bacteria, algae, barnacles, mussels, and other marine organisms, accumulate quickly on MHK devices, causing mechanical wear and changes in performance. Biofouling on crucial components of hydrokinetic devices, such as rotors, generators, and turbines, imposes substantial mass and hydrodynamic loading with associated efficiency loss and maintenance costs. Most antifouling coatings leach toxic ingredients, such as copper and tributyltin, through an eroding process, but increasingly stringent regulation of biocides has led to interest in the development of non-biocidal technologies to control fouling. Semprus Biosciences research team is developing modifications to prevent fouling from a broad spectrum of organisms on devices of all shapes, sizes, and materials for the life of the product. The research team designed and developed betaine-based polymers as novel underwater coatings to resist the attachment of marine organisms. Different betaine-based monomers and polymers were synthesized and incorporated within various coating formulations. The formulations and application methods were developed on aluminum panels with required adhesion strength and mechanical properties. The coating polymers were chemically stable under UV, hydrolytic and oxidative environments. The sulfobetaine formulations are applicable as nonleaching and stable underwater coatings. For the first time, coating formulations modified with highly packed sulfobetaine polymers were prepared and demonstrated resistance to a broad spectrum of marine organisms. Assays for comparing nonfouling performance were developed to evaluate protein adsorption and bacteria attachment. Barnacle settlement and removal were evaluated and a 60-day field test was performed. Silicone substrates including a commercial fouling release coating were used for comparison. Compared with the unmodified silicone substrates, the sulfobetaine-modified formulations were able to exhibit a 98% reduction in fibrinogen adsorption, 97.0% (E. coli), 99.6% (S. aureus), and 99.5% (C. lytica) reduction in bacteria attachment, and 100% reduction in barnacles cyprid attachment. In addition to the significant improvement in fouling resistance of various organisms, the 60-day field test also showed an evident efficacy from visual assessment, foul rating, and fouling removal test. The research confirmed that the novel antifouling mechanism of betaine polymers provides a new avenue for marine coating development. The developed coatings out-performed currently used nontoxic underwater coatings in a broad spectrum of fouling resistance. By further developing formulations and processing methods for specific devices, the technology is ready for the next stage of development with demonstration in MHK systems.
Zheng Zhang
SeWave | Open Energy Information
form form View source History View New Pages Recent Changes All Special Pages Semantic Search/Querying Get Involved Help Apps Datasets Community Login | Sign Up Search Page Edit with form History Facebook icon Twitter icon » SeWave Jump to: navigation, search Name SeWave Place Denmark Zip FO-110 Product Denmark-based 50:50 JV between UK's Wavegen and Faroese electricity company SEV to to design and build a tunnelled demonstration wave power plant in the Faroes Islands. References SeWave[1] LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This company is listed in the Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Database. This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. SeWave is a company located in Denmark . References ↑ "SeWave"
The Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology (MHK) Instrumentation, Measurement, and Computer Modeling Workshop was hosted by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) in Broomfield, Colorado, July 9-10, 2012. The workshop brought together over 60 experts in marine energy technologies to disseminate technical information to the marine energy community and collect information to help identify ways in which the development of a commercially viable marine energy industry can be accelerated. The workshop was comprised of plenary sessions that reviewed the state of the marine energy industry and technical sessions that covered specific topics of relevance. Each session consisted of presentations, followed by facilitated discussions. During the facilitated discussions, the session chairs posed several prepared questions to the presenters and audience to encourage communication and the exchange of ideas between technical experts. Following the workshop, attendees were asked to provide written feedback on their takeaways and their best ideas on how to accelerate the pace of marine energy technology development. The first four sections of this document give a general overview of the workshop format, provide presentation abstracts and discussion session notes, and list responses to the post-workshop questions. The final section presents key findings and conclusions from the workshop that suggest how the U.S. Department of Energy and national laboratory resources can be utilized to most effectively assist the marine energy industry.
Musial, W.; Lawson, M.; Rooney, S.
US Department of Energy National Lab Activities in Marine Hydrokinetics: Machine Performance Testing
Marine and hydrokinetic (MHK) technology performance testing in the laboratory and field supports the US Department of Energy s MHK program goals to advance the technology readiness levels of MHK machines, to ensure environmentally responsible designs, to identify key cost drivers, and to reduce the cost of energy of MHK technologies. Laboratory testing results from scaled model machine testing at the University of Minnesota s St. Anthony Falls Laboratory (SAFL) main channel flume are presented, including simultaneous machine power and inflow measurements for a 1:10 scale three-bladed axial flow turbine used to assess machine performance in turbulent flows, and detailed measurements of inflow and wake flow velocity and turbulence, including the assessment of the effects of large energetic organized vortex shedding on machine performance and wake turbulence downstream. Scaled laboratory testing provides accurate data sets for near- and far-field hydrodynamic models, and useful information on technology and environmental readiness levels before full-scale testing and demonstration in open water. This study validated turbine performance for a technology in order to advance its technology readiness level. Synchronized ADV measurements to calculate spatio-temporal characteristics of turbulence supported model development of the inflow turbulence model, Hydro-TurbSim, developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) to evaluate unsteady loading on MHK machines. Wake flow measurements supported model development of the far-field model, SNL-EFDC, developed by Sandia National Laboratory (SNL) to optimize spacing for MHK machine arrays.
Neary, Vincent S [ORNL; Chamorro, Leonardo [St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2 Third Avenue SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414; Hill, Craig [St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2 Third Avenue SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414; Gunawan, Budi [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL); Sotiropoulos, Fotis [University of Minnesota
Attraction to and Avoidance of instream Hydrokinetic Turbines by Freshwater Aquatic Organisms
The development of hydrokinetic (HK) energy projects is under consideration at over 150 sites in large rivers in the United States, including the Mississippi, Ohio, Tennessee, and Atchafalaya Rivers. These waterbodies support numerous fish species that might interact with the HK projects in a variety of ways, e.g., by attraction to or avoidance of project structures. Although many fish species inhabit these rivers (about 172 species in the Mississippi River alone), not all of them will encounter the HK projects. Some species prefer low-velocity, backwater habitats rather than the high-velocity, main channel areas that would be the best sites for HK. Other, riverbank-oriented species are weak swimmers or too small to inhabit the main channel for significant periods of time. Some larger, main channel fish species are not known to be attracted to structures. Based on a consideration of habitat preferences, size/swim speed, and behavior, fish species that are most likely to be attracted to HK structures in the main channel include carps, suckers, catfish, white bass, striped bass, smallmouth bass, spotted bass, and sauger. Proper siting of the project in order to avoid sensitive fish populations, backwater and fish nursery habitat areas, and fish migration corridors will likely minimize concerns about fish attraction to or avoidance of HK structures.
Cada, Glenn F [ORNL; Bevelhimer, Mark S [ORNL
Field Measurements at River and Tidal Current Sites for Hydrokinetic Energy Development: Best Practices Manual
In this report, existing data collection techniques and protocols for characterizing open channel flows are reviewed and refined to further address the needs of the MHK industry. The report provides an overview of the hydrodynamics of river and tidal channels, and the working principles of modern acoustic instrumentation, including best practices in remote sensing methods that can be applied to hydrokinetic energy site characterization. Emphasis is placed upon acoustic Doppler velocimeter (ADV) and acoustic-Doppler current profiler (ADCP) instruments, as these represent the most practical and economical tools for use in the MHK industry. Incorporating the best practices as found in the literature, including the parameters to be measured, the instruments to be deployed, the instrument deployment strategy, and data post-processing techniques. The data collected from this procedure aims to inform the hydro-mechanical design of MHK systems with respect to energy generation and structural loading, as well as provide reference hydrodynamics for environmental impact studies. The standard metrics and protocols defined herein can be utilized to guide field experiments with MHK systems.
Neary, Vincent S [ORNL; Gunawan, Budi [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)
APPLICATION NOTE 4393 Selecting HB LED Drivers for Automotive Lighting Applications
Abstract: This application note provides an overview of HB LED driver selection criteria for automotive lighting applications. It reviews HB LED driver topologies and recommends configurations for various automotive lighting applications, including interior lighting, exterior lighting, and display backlighting.
Brian Hedayati
Study of the Acoustic Effects of Hydrokinetic Tidal Turbines in Admiralty Inlet, Puget Sound
Hydrokinetic turbines will be a source of noise in the marine environment - both during operation and during installation/removal. High intensity sound can cause injury or behavioral changes in marine mammals and may also affect fish and invertebrates. These noise effects are, however, highly dependent on the individual marine animals; the intensity, frequency, and duration of the sound; and context in which the sound is received. In other words, production of sound is a necessary, but not sufficient, condition for an environmental impact. At a workshop on the environmental effects of tidal energy development, experts identified sound produced by turbines as an area of potentially significant impact, but also high uncertainty. The overall objectives of this project are to improve our understanding of the potential acoustic effects of tidal turbines by: (1) Characterizing sources of existing underwater noise; (2) Assessing the effectiveness of monitoring technologies to characterize underwater noise and marine mammal responsiveness to noise; (3) Evaluating the sound profile of an operating tidal turbine; and (4) Studying the effect of turbine sound on surrogate species in a laboratory environment. This study focuses on a specific case study for tidal energy development in Admiralty Inlet, Puget Sound, Washington (USA), but the methodologies and results are applicable to other turbine technologies and geographic locations. The project succeeded in achieving the above objectives and, in doing so, substantially contributed to the body of knowledge around the acoustic effects of tidal energy development in several ways: (1) Through collection of data from Admiralty Inlet, established the sources of sound generated by strong currents (mobilizations of sediment and gravel) and determined that low-frequency sound recorded during periods of strong currents is non-propagating pseudo-sound. This helped to advance the debate within the marine and hydrokinetics acoustic community as to whether strong currents produce propagating sound. (2) Analyzed data collected from a tidal turbine operating at the European Marine Energy Center to develop a profile of turbine sound and developed a framework to evaluate the acoustic effects of deploying similar devices in other locations. This framework has been applied to Public Utility District No. 1 of Snohomish Country's demonstration project in Admiralty Inlet to inform postinstallation acoustic and marine mammal monitoring plans. (3) Demonstrated passive acoustic techniques to characterize the ambient noise environment at tidal energy sites (fixed, long-term observations recommended) and characterize the sound from anthropogenic sources (drifting, short-term observations recommended). (4) Demonstrated the utility and limitations of instrumentation, including bottom mounted instrumentation packages, infrared cameras, and vessel monitoring systems. In doing so, also demonstrated how this type of comprehensive information is needed to interpret observations from each instrument (e.g., hydrophone data can be combined with vessel tracking data to evaluate the contribution of vessel sound to ambient noise). (5) Conducted a study that suggests harbor porpoise in Admiralty Inlet may be habituated to high levels of ambient noise due to omnipresent vessel traffic. The inability to detect behavioral changes associated with a high intensity source of opportunity (passenger ferry) has informed the approach for post-installation marine mammal monitoring. (6) Conducted laboratory exposure experiments of juvenile Chinook salmon and showed that exposure to a worse than worst case acoustic dose of turbine sound does not result in changes to hearing thresholds or biologically significant tissue damage. Collectively, this means that Chinook salmon may be at a relatively low risk of injury from sound produced by tidal turbines located in or near their migration path. In achieving these accomplishments, the project has significantly advanced the District's goals of developing a demonstration-scale tidal energy proj
Brian Polagye; Jim Thomson; Chris Bassett; Jason Wood; Dom Tollit; Robert Cavagnaro; Andrea Copping
Assssment and Mapping of the Riverine Hydrokinetic Resource in the Continental United States
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) funded the Electric Power Research Institute and its collaborative partners, University of Alaska ? Anchorage, University of Alaska ? Fairbanks, and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, to provide an assessment of the riverine hydrokinetic resource in the continental United States. The assessment benefited from input obtained during two workshops attended by individuals with relevant expertise and from a National Research Council panel commissioned by DOE to provide guidance to this and other concurrent, DOE-funded assessments of water based renewable energy. These sources of expertise provided valuable advice regarding data sources and assessment methodology. The assessment of the hydrokinetic resource in the 48 contiguous states is derived from spatially-explicit data contained in NHDPlus ?a GIS-based database containing river segment-specific information on discharge characteristics and channel slope. 71,398 river segments with mean annual flow greater than 1,000 cubic feet per second (cfs) mean discharge were included in the assessment. Segments with discharge less than 1,000 cfs were dropped from the assessment, as were river segments with hydroelectric dams. The results for the theoretical and technical resource in the 48 contiguous states were found to be relatively insensitive to the cutoff chosen. Raising the cutoff to 1,500 cfs had no effect on estimate of the technically recoverable resource, and the theoretical resource was reduced by 5.3%. The segment-specific theoretical resource was estimated from these data using the standard hydrological engineering equation that relates theoretical hydraulic power (Pth, Watts) to discharge (Q, m3 s-1) and hydraulic head or change in elevation (??, m) over the length of the segment, where ? is the specific weight of water (9800 N m-3): ??? = ? ? ?? For Alaska, which is not encompassed by NPDPlus, hydraulic head and discharge data were manually obtained from Idaho National Laboratory?s Virtual Hydropower Prospector, Google Earth, and U.S. Geological Survey gages. Data were manually obtained for the eleven largest rivers with average flow rates greater than 10,000 cfs and the resulting estimate of the theoretical resource was expanded to include rivers with discharge between 1,000 cfs and 10,000 cfs based upon the contribution of rivers in the latter flow class to the total estimate in the contiguous 48 states. Segment-specific theoretical resource was aggregated by major hydrologic region in the contiguous, lower 48 states and totaled 1,146 TWh/yr. The aggregate estimate of the Alaska theoretical resource is 235 TWh/yr, yielding a total theoretical resource estimate of 1,381 TWh/yr for the continental US. The technically recoverable resource in the contiguous 48 states was estimated by applying a recovery factor to the segment-specific theoretical resource estimates. The recovery factor scales the theoretical resource for a given segment to take into account assumptions such as minimum required water velocity and depth during low flow conditions, maximum device packing density, device efficiency, and flow statistics (e.g., the 5 percentile flow relative to the average flow rate). The recovery factor also takes account of ?back effects? ? feedback effects of turbine presence on hydraulic head and velocity. The recovery factor was determined over a range of flow rates and slopes using the hydraulic model, HEC-RAS. In the hydraulic modeling, presence of turbines was accounted for by adjusting the Manning coefficient. This analysis, which included 32 scenarios, led to an empirical function relating recovery factor to slope and discharge. Sixty-nine percent of NHDPlus segments included in the theoretical resource estimate for the contiguous 48 states had an estimated recovery factor of zero. For Alaska, data on river slope was not readily available; hence, the recovery factor was estimated based on the flow rate alone. Segment-specific estimates of the theoretical resource were multiplied by the corresponding recovery factor to estimate
Jacobson, Paul T. [Electric Power Research Institute; Ravens, Thomas M. [University of Alaska Anchorage; Cunningham, Keith W. [University of Alaska Fairbanks; Scott, George [National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Laboratory Experiments on the Effects of Blade Strike from Hydrokinetic Energy Technologies on Larval and Juvenile Freshwater Fishes
There is considerable interest in the development of marine and hydrokinetic energy projects in rivers, estuaries, and coastal ocean waters of the United States. Hydrokinetic (HK) technologies convert the energy of moving water in river or tidal currents into electricity, without the impacts of dams and impoundments associated with conventional hydropower or the extraction and combustion of fossil fuels. The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) maintains a database that displays the geographical distribution of proposed HK projects in inland and tidal waters (FERC 2012). As of March 2012, 77 preliminary permits had been issued to private developers to study HK projects in inland waters, the development of which would total over 8,000 MW. Most of these projects are proposed for the lower Mississippi River. In addition, the issuance of another 27 preliminary permits for HK projects in inland waters, and 3 preliminary permits for HK tidal projects (totaling over 3,100 MW) were under consideration by FERC. Although numerous HK designs are under development (see DOE 2009 for a description of the technologies and their potential environmental effects), the most commonly proposed current-based projects entail arrays of rotating devices, much like submerged wind turbines, that are positioned in the high-velocity (high energy) river channels. The many diverse HK designs imply a diversity of environmental impacts, but a potential impact common to most is the risk for blade strike to aquatic organisms. In conventional hydropower generation, research on fish passage through reaction turbines at low-head dams suggested that strike and mortality for small fish could be low. As a consequence of the large surface area to mass ratio of small fish, the drag forces in the boundary layer flow at the surface of a rotor blade may pull small fish around the leading edge of a rotor blade without making physical contact (Turnpenny 1998, Turnpenny et al. 2000). Although there is concern that small, fragile fish early life stages may be unable to avoid being struck by the blades of hydrokinetic turbines, we found no empirical data in the published literature that document survival of earliest life-stage fish in passage by rotor blades. In addition to blade strike, research on passage of fish through conventional hydropower turbines suggested that fish mortalities from passage through the rotor swept area could also occur due to shear stresses and pressure chances in the water column (Cada et al. 1997, Turnpenny 1998). However, for most of the proposed HK turbine designs the rotors are projected to operate a lower RPM (revolutions per minute) than observed from conventional reaction turbines; the associated shear stress and pressure changes are expected to be lower and pose a smaller threat to fish survival (DOE 2009). Only a limited number of studies have been conducted to examine the risk of blade strike from hydrokinetic technologies to fish (Turnpenny et al. 1992, Normandeau et al. 2009, Seitz et al. 2011, EPRI 2011); the survival of drifting or weakly swimming fish (especially early life stages) that encounter rotor blades from hydrokinetic (HK) devices is currently unknown. Our study addressed this knowledge gap by testing how fish larvae and juveniles encountered different blade profiles of hydrokinetic devices and how such encounters influenced survivorship. We carried out a laboratory study designed to improve our understanding of how fish larvae and juvenile fish may be affected by encounters with rotor blades from HK turbines in the water column of river and ocean currents. (For convenience, these early life stages will be referred to as young of the year, YOY). The experiments developed information needed to quantify the risk (both probability and consequences) of rotor-blade strike to YOY fish. In particular, this study attempted to determine whether YOY drifting in a high-velocity flow directly in the path of the blade leading edge will make contact with the rotor blade or will bypass the blade while entrained in the boundary l
Using HB Family of Protocols for Privacy-Preserving Authentication of RFID Tags in a Population
In this paper, we propose an HB-like protocol for privacy-preserving authentication of RFID tags, whereby a tag can remain anonymous and untraceable to an adversary during the authentication process. Previous proposals of such protocols were based on PRF computations. Our protocol can instead be used on low-cost tags that may be incapable of computing standard PRFs. Moreover, since the underlying computations in HB protocols are very efficient, our protocol also reduces reader load compared to PRF-based protocols. We suggest a tree-based approach that replaces the PRF-based authentication from prior work with a procedure such as HB+ or HB#. We optimize the tree- traversal stage through usage of a "light version" of the underlying protocol and shared random challenges across all levels of the tree. This provides significant reduction of the communication resources, resulting in a privacy-preserving protocol almost as efficient as the underlying HB+ or HB#
Halevi, Tzipora; Halevi, Shai
Reillex{trademark} HPQ ion exchange resin is used by HB Line to remove plutonium from aqueous streams. Reillex{trademark} HPQ resin currently available from Vertellus Specialties LLC is a chloride ionic form, which can cause stress corrosion cracking in stainless steels. Therefore, HB Line Engineering requested that Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) convert resin from chloride form to nitrate form in the Engineering Development Laboratory (EDL). To perform this task, SRNL treated two batches of resin in 2012. The first batch of resin from Reilly Industries Batch 80302MA was initially treated at SRNL in 2001 to remove chloride. This batch of resin, nominally 30 liters, has been stored wet in carboys since that time until being retreated in 2012. The second batch of resin from Batch 23408 consisted of 50 kg of new resin purchased from Vertellus Specialties in 2012. Both batches were treated in a column designed to convert resin using downflow of 1.0 M sodium nitrate solution through the resin bed followed by rinsing with deionized water. Both batches were analyzed for chloride concentration, before and after treatment, using Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA). The resin specification [Werling, 2003] states the total chlorine and chloride concentration shall be less than 250 ppm. The resin condition for measuring this concentration is not specified; however, in service the resin would always be fully wet. Measurements in SRNL showed that changing from oven dry resin to fully wet resin, with liquid in the particle interstices but no supernatant, increases the total weight by a factor of at least three. Therefore, concentration of chlorine or chloride expressed as parts per million (ppm) decreases by a factor of three. Therefore, SRNL recommends measuring chlorine concentration on an oven dry basis, then dividing by three to estimate chloride concentration in the fully wet condition. Chloride concentration in the first batch (No.80302MA) was nearly the same before the current treatment (759 ppm dry) and after treatment (745 ppm dry or {approx}248 ppm wet). Treatment of the second batch of resin (No.23408) was very successful. Chloride concentration decreased from 120,000 ppm dry to an average of 44 ppm dry or {approx}15ppm wet, which easily passes the 250 ppm wet criterion. Per guidance from HB Line Engineering, SRNL blended Batch 80302 resin with Batch P9059 resin which had been treated previously by ResinTech to remove chloride. The chloride concentrations for the two drums of Batch P9059 were 248 ppm dry ({approx}83 ppm wet) {+-}22.8% and 583 ppm dry ({approx}194 ppm wet) {+-} 11.8%. The blended resin was packaged in five gallon buckets.
Steimke, J.; Williams, M.; Steeper, T.; Leishear, R.
FFP/NREL Collaboration on Hydrokinetic River Turbine Testing: Cooperative Research and Development Final Report, CRADA Number CRD-12-00473
This shared resources CRADA defines collaborations between the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and Free Flow Power (FFP) set forth in the following Joint Work Statement. Under the terms and conditions described in this CRADA, NREL and FFP will collaborate on the testing of FFP's hydrokinetic river turbine project on the Mississippi River (baseline location near Baton Rouge, LA; alternate location near Greenville, MS). NREL and FFP will work together to develop testing plans, instrumentation, and data acquisition systems; and perform field measurements.
Driscoll, F.
Preliminary Screening Analysis for the Environmental Risk Evaluation System: Task 2.1.1: Evaluating Effects of Stressors � Fiscal Year 2010 Progress Report: Environmental Effects of Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy
Possible environmental effects of marine and hydrokinetic (MHK) energy development are not well understood, and yet regulatory agencies are required to make decisions in spite of substantial uncertainty about environmental impacts and their long-term effects. An understanding of risk associated with likely interactions between MHK installations and aquatic receptors, including animals, habitats, and ecosystems, can help reduce the level of uncertainty and focus regulatory actions and scientific studies on interactions of most concern. As a first step in developing the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) Environmental Risk Evaluation System (ERES), PNNL scientists conducted a preliminary risk screening analysis on three initial MHK cases - a tidal project in Puget Sound using Open Hydro turbines, a wave project off the coast of Oregon using Ocean Power Technologies point attenuator buoys, and a riverine current project in the Mississippi River using Free Flow turbines. Through an iterative process, the screening analysis revealed that top-tier stressors in all three cases were the effects of the dynamic physical presence of the device (e.g., strike), accidents, and effects of the static physical presence of the device (e.g., habitat alteration). Receptor interactions with these stressors at the four highest tiers of risk were dominated by marine mammals (cetaceans and pinnipeds) and birds (diving and non-diving); only the riverine case (Free Flow) included different receptors in the third tier (fish) and the fourth tier (benthic invertebrates). Although this screening analysis provides a preliminary analysis of vulnerability of environmental receptors to stressors associated with MHK installations, probability analysis, especially of risk associated with chemical toxicity and accidents such as oil spills or lost gear, will be necessary to further understand high-priority risks. Subject matter expert review of this process and results is required and is planned for the first quarter of FY11. Once expert review is finalized, the screening analysis phase of ERES will be complete.
Anderson, Richard M.; Copping, Andrea E.; Van Cleve, Frances B.
Hva karakteriserer pasienter med type 1 diabetes og h�y HbA1c?.
??Bakgrunn: Glykosylert hemoglobin, HbA1c, er et objektivt m�l p� blodsukkerkontroll av type 1-diabetes. H�ye verdier er assosiert med �kt forekomst av vaskul�re se komplikasjoner. Ved� (more)
R�der, Benedikte Wendt
Role of the interaction of proHB-EGF with heparan sulfate proteoglycans
Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) exhibits activity as a juxtacrine, paracrine, and autocrine ligand for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and possesses the ability to bind ...
Prince, Robin Neely
Investigating the Influence of the Added Mass Effect to Marine Hydrokinetic Horizontal-Axis Turbines Using a General Dynamic Wake Wind Turbine Code
This paper describes a recent study to investigate the applicability of a horizontal-axis wind turbine (HAWT) structural dynamics and unsteady aerodynamics analysis program (FAST and AeroDyn respectively) to modeling the forces on marine hydrokinetic (MHK) turbines. This paper summarizes the added mass model that has been added to AeroDyn. The added mass model only includes flow acceleration perpendicular to the rotor disc, and ignores added mass forces caused by blade deflection. A model of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's (NREL) Unsteady Aerodynamics Experiment (UAE) Phase VI wind turbine was analyzed using FAST and AeroDyn with sea water conditions and the new added mass model. The results of this analysis exhibited a 3.6% change in thrust for a rapid pitch case and a slight change in amplitude and phase of thrust for a case with 30{sup o} of yaw.
Maniaci, D. C.; Li, Y.
Investigating the Influence of the Added Mass Effect to Marine Hydrokinetic Horizontal-Axis Turbines Using a General Dynamic Wake Wind Turbine Code: Preprint
This paper describes a recent study to investigate the applicability of a horizontal-axis wind turbine (HAWT) structural dynamics and unsteady aerodynamics analysis program (FAST and AeroDyn respectively) to modeling the forces on marine hydrokinetic (MHK) turbines. It summarizes the added mass model that has been added to AeroDyn. The added mass model only includes flow acceleration perpendicular to the rotor disc, and ignores added mass forces caused by blade deflection. A model of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's (NREL) Unsteady Aerodynamics Experiment (UAE) Phase VI wind turbine was analyzed using FAST and AeroDyn with sea water conditions and the new added mass model. The results of this analysis exhibited a 3.6% change in thrust for a rapid pitch case and a slight change in amplitude and phase of thrust for a case with 30 degrees of yaw.
Investigating the Influence of Investigating the Influence of the Added Mass Effect to Marine Hydrokinetic Horizontal-Axis Turbines Using a General Dynamic Wake Wind Turbine Code D.C. Maniaci Pennsylvania State University Y. Li National Renewable Energy Laboratory Presented at the Oceans 11 Conference Kona, Hawaii September 19-21, 2011 Conference Paper NREL/CP-5000-52306 October 2011 NOTICE The submitted manuscript has been offered by an employee of the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC (Alliance), a contractor of the US Government under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308. Accordingly, the US Government and Alliance retain a nonexclusive royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for US Government purposes.
Screening Analysis for the Environmental Risk Evaluation System Task 22.214.171.124: Evaluating Effects of Stressors Fiscal Year 2011 Progress Report - Environmental Effects of Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy
Potential environmental effects of marine and hydrokinetic (MHK) energy development are not well understood, and yet regulatory agencies are required to make decisions in spite of substantial uncertainty about environmental impacts and their long-term consequences. An understanding of risks associated with interactions between MHK installations and aquatic receptors, including animals, habitats, and ecosystems, can help define key uncertainties and focus regulatory actions and scientific studies on interactions of most concern. As a first step in developing the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) Environmental Risk Evaluation System (ERES), PNNL scientists conducted a preliminary risk screening analysis on three initial MHK cases. During FY 2011, two additional cases were added: a tidal project in the Gulf of Maine using Ocean Renewable Power Company TidGenTM turbines and a wave project planned for the coast of Oregon using Aquamarine Oyster surge devices. Through an iterative process, the screening analysis revealed that top-tier stressors in the two FY 2011 cases were the dynamic effects of the device (e.g., strike), accidents/disasters, and effects of the static physical presence of the device (e.g., habitat alteration). Receptor interactions with these stressors at the highest tiers of risk were dominated by threatened and endangered animals. Risk to the physical environment from changes in flow regime also ranked high. Peer review of this process and results will be conducted in early FY 2012. The ERES screening analysis provides an analysis of vulnerability of environmental receptors to stressors associated with MHK installations, probability analysis is needed to determine specific risk levels to receptors. �Risk� has two components: (1) The likelihood, or �probability�, of the occurrence of a given interaction or event, and (2) the potential �consequence� if that interaction or event were to occur. During FY 2011, the ERES screening analysis focused primarily on the second component of risk, �consequence�, with focused probability analysis for interactions where data was sufficient for probability modeling. Consequence analysis provides an assessment of vulnerability of environmental receptors to stressors associated with MHK installations. Probability analysis is needed to determine specific risk levels to receptors and requires significant data inputs to drive risk models. During FY 2011, two stressor-receptor interactions were examined for the probability of occurrence. The two interactions (spill probability due to an encounter between a surface vessel and an MHK device; and toxicity from anti-biofouling paints on MHK devices) were seen to present relatively low risks to marine and freshwater receptors of greatest concern in siting and permitting MHK devices. A third probability analysis was scoped and initial steps taken to understand the risk of encounter between marine animals and rotating turbine blades. This analysis will be completed in FY 2012.
Copping, Andrea E.; Blake, Kara M.; Anderson, Richard M.; Zdanski, Laura C.; Gill, Gary A.; Ward, Jeffrey A.
Gas Generation Testing of Neptunium Oxide Generated Using the HB-Line Phase IIFlowsheet
The hydrogen (H{sub 2}) gas generation rate for neptunium dioxide (NpO{sub 2}) samples produced on a laboratory scale using the HB-Line Phase II flowsheet has been measured following exposure to 75% relative humidity (RH). As expected, the observed H{sub 2} generation rates for these samples increase with increasing moisture content. A maximum H{sub 2} generation rate of 1.8 x 10{sup -6} moles per day per kilogram (mol {center_dot} day{sup -1} kg{sup -1}) was observed for NpO{sub 2} samples with approximately one and one-half times (1 1/2 X) the expected specific surface area (SSA) for the HB-Line Phase II product. The SSA of NpO{sub 2} samples calcined at 650 C is similar to plutonium dioxide (PuO{sub 2}) calcined at 950 C according to the Department of Energy (DOE) standard for packaging and storage of PuO{sub 2}. This low SSA of the HB-Line Phase II product limits moisture uptake to less than 0.2 weight percent (wt %) even with extended exposure to 75% RH.
Duffey, J
Deployment Effects of Marine Renewable Energy Technologies: Wave Energy Scenarios
Given proper care in siting, design, deployment, operation and maintenance, wave energy conversion could become one of the more environmentally benign sources of electricity generation. In order to accelerate the adoption of these emerging hydrokinetic and marine energy technologies, navigational and environmental concerns must be identified and addressed. All developing hydrokinetic projects involve a wide variety of stakeholders. One of the key issues that site developers face as they engage with this range of stakeholders is that, due to a lack of technical certainty, many of the possible conflicts (e.g., shipping and fishing) and environmental issues are not well-understood,. In September 2008, re vision consulting, LLC was selected by the Department of Energy (DoE) to apply a scenario-based assessment to the emerging hydrokinetic technology sector in order to evaluate the potential impact of these technologies on the marine environment and navigation constraints. The project�s scope of work includes the establishment of baseline scenarios for wave and tidal power conversion at potential future deployment sites. The scenarios capture variations in technical approaches and deployment scales to properly identify and characterize environmental effects and navigational effects. The goal of the project is to provide all stakeholders with an improved understanding of the potential range of technical attributes and potential effects of these emerging technologies and focus all stakeholders on the critical issues that need to be addressed. By identifying and addressing navigational and environmental concerns in the early stages of the industry�s development, serious mistakes that could potentially derail industry-wide development can be avoided. This groundwork will also help in streamlining siting and associated permitting processes, which are considered key hurdles for the industry�s development in the U.S. today. Re vision is coordinating its efforts with two other project teams funded by DoE which are focused on regulatory issues (Pacific Energy Ventures) and navigational issues (PCCI). The results of this study are structured into three reports: (1) Wave power scenario description (2) Tidal power scenario description (3) Framework for Identifying Key Environmental Concerns This is the first report in the sequence and describes the results of conceptual feasibility studies of wave power plants deployed in Humboldt County, California and Oahu, Hawaii. These two sites contain many of the same competing stakeholder interactions identified at other wave power sites in the U.S. and serve as representative case studies. Wave power remains at an early stage of development. As such, a wide range of different technologies are being pursued by different manufacturers. In order to properly characterize potential effects, it is useful to characterize the range of technologies that could be deployed at the site of interest. An industry survey informed the process of selecting representative wave power devices. The selection criteria requires that devices are at an advanced stage of development to reduce technical uncertainties, and that enough data are available from the manufacturers to inform the conceptual design process of this study. Further, an attempt is made to cover the range of different technologies under development to capture variations in potential environmental effects. Table 1 summarizes the selected wave power technologies. A number of other developers are also at an advanced stage of development, but are not directly mentioned here. Many environmental effects will largely scale with the size of the wave power plant. In many cases, the effects of a single device may not be measurable, while larger scale device arrays may have cumulative impacts that differ significantly from smaller scale deployments. In order to characterize these effects, scenarios are established at three deployment scales which nominally represent (1) a small pilot deployment, (2) a small commercial deployment, and (3) a large commercial sc
Mirko Previsic
Source Terms for HFIR Beam Tube Shielding Analyses, and a Complete Shielding Analysis of the HB-3 Tube
The High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory is in the midst of a massive upgrade program to enhance experimental facilities. The reactor presently has four horizontal experimental beam tubes, all of which will be replaced or redesigned. The HB-2 beam tube will be enlarged to support more guide tubes, while the HB-4 beam tube will soon include a cold neutron source.
Bucholz, J.A.
HB-Line Dissolver Dilution Flows and Dissolution Capability with Dissolver Charge Chute Cover Off
A flow test was performed in Scrap Recovery of HB-Line to document the flow available for hydrogen dilution in the dissolvers when the charge chute covers are removed. Air flow through the dissolver charge chutes, with the covers off, was measured. A conservative estimate of experimental uncertainty was subtracted from the results. After subtraction, the test showed that there is 20 cubic feet per minute (cfm) air flow through the dissolvers during dissolution with a glovebox exhaust fan operating, even with the scrubber not operating. This test also showed there is 6.6 cfm air flow through the dissolvers, after subtraction of experimental uncertainty if the scrubber and the glovebox exhaust fans are not operating. Three H-Canyon exhaust fans provide sufficient motive force to give this 6.6 cfm flow. Material charged to the dissolver will be limited to chemical hydrogen generation rates that will be greater than or equal to 25 percent of the Lower Flammability Limit (LFL) during normal operations. The H-Canyon fans will maintain hydrogen below LFL if electrical power is lost. No modifications are needed in HB-Line Scrap Recovery to ensure hydrogen is maintained less that LFL if the scrubber and glovebox exhaust fans are not operating.
Hallman, D.F.
Review of Recent Literature Relevant to the Environmental Effects of Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy Devices Task 2.1.3: Effects on Aquatic Organisms � Fiscal Year 2011 Progress Report Environmental Effects of Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy
A literature search was conducted by using the Web of Science� Databases component of the ISI Web of KnowledgeSM to identify recent articles that would be useful to help assess the potential environmental effects of renewable energy development in the ocean, with emphasis on marine mammals, seabirds, and fish. Several relatively recent general review articles that included possible effects of marine renewable energy devices on marine mammals and seabirds were examined to begin the search process (e.g., Boehlert et al. 2008; Thompson et al. 2008; Simas et al. 2009). From these articles, several general topics of potential environmental effects on marine mammals, seabirds, and fish were derived. These topics were used as the primary search factors. Searches were conducted with reference to the potential effects of offshore wind farms and MHK devices on marine mammals, seabirds, and fish. Additional sources were identified by cross-checking the Web of Science databases for articles that cited the review articles. It also became clear that often the potential effects were offered as hypotheses that often were not supported by the presentation of appropriate documentation. Therefore, the search was refined and focused on trying to obtain the necessary information to support or challenge a proposed potential effect to a specific concern. One of the expressed concerns regarding MHK devices is that placing wave parks in coastal waters could compromise the migration patterns of whales. Disruption of the annual migration of the gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus), which swims at least 30,000 km on its round trip from breeding grounds in Baja California to feeding areas in the Bering Sea, is of particular concern. Among the hypothesized effects on the migrating gray whales are increased predation risk by constricting migration corridor to between array and shore or by forcing the whales to swim into deeper waters, increased metabolic energy costs and delays in reaching the destinations, and interrupting feeding by blocking access to benthic areas under arrays. The literature search focused on identifying published studies that could provide information to evaluate these concerns. The results were developed into a case study that evaluated the potential effects of the placement of wave parks in coastal waters along the migration route of the gray whale. Wave parks and other MHK arrays may have additional effects on gray whales and other marine mammals, including entanglement in mooring lines and interference with communications among other effects, that were not included in this case study. The case study results were rewritten into a simpler form that would be suitable for placement on a web blog
Kropp, Roy K.
Non-radioactive cerium (Ce) and radioactive plutonium (Pu) anion exchange column experiments using scaled HB-Line designs were performed to investigate the feasibility of using either gadolinium nitrate (Gd) or boric acid (B as H{sub 3}BO{sub 3}) as a neutron poison in the H-Canyon dissolution process. Expected typical concentrations of probable impurities were tested and the removal of these impurities by a decontamination wash was measured. Impurity concentrations are compared to two specifications - designated as Column A or Column B (most restrictive) - proposed for plutonium oxide (PuO{sub 2}) product shipped to the Mixed Oxide (MOX) Fuel Fabrication Facility (MFFF). Use of Gd as a neutron poison requires a larger volume of wash for the proposed Column A specification. Since boron (B) has a higher proposed specification and is more easily removed by washing, it appears to be the better candidate for use in the H-Canyon dissolution process. Some difficulty was observed in achieving the Column A specification due to the limited effectiveness that the wash step has in removing the residual B after {approx}4 BV's wash. However a combination of the experimental 10 BV's wash results and a calculated DF from the oxalate precipitation process yields an overall DF sufficient to meet the Column A specification. For those impurities (other than B) not removed by 10 BV's of wash, the impurity is either not expected to be present in the feedstock or process, or recommendations have been provided for improvement in the analytical detection/method or validation of calculated results. In summary, boron is recommended as the appropriate neutron poison for H-Canyon dissolution and impurities are expected to meet the Column A specification limits for oxide production in HB-Line.
Kyser, E.; King, W.
Non-radioactive cerium (Ce) and radioactive plutonium (Pu) anion exchange column experiments using scaled HB-Line designs were performed to investigate the feasibility of using either gadolinium nitrate (Gd) or boric acid (B as H{sub 3}BO{sub 3}) as a neutron poison in the H-Canyon dissolution process. Expected typical concentrations of probable impurities were tested and the removal of these impurities by a decontamination wash was measured. Impurity concentrations are compared to two specifications - designated as Column A or Column B (most restrictive) - proposed for plutonium oxide (PuO{sub 2}) product shipped to the Mixed Oxide (MOX) Fuel Fabrication Facility (MFFF). Use of Gd as a neutron poison requires a larger volume of wash for the proposed Column A specification. Since boron (B) has a higher proposed specification and is more easily removed by washing, it appears to be the better candidate for use in the H-Canyon dissolution process. Some difficulty was observed in achieving the Column A specification due to the limited effectiveness that the wash step has in removing the residual B after ~4 BV's wash. However a combination of the experimental 10 BV's wash results and a calculated DF from the oxalate precipitation process yields an overall DF sufficient to meet the Column A specification. For those impurities (other than B) not removed by 10 BV's of wash, the impurity is either not expected to be present in the feedstock or process, or recommendations have been provided for improvement in the analytical detection/method or validation of calculated results. In summary, boron is recommended as the appropriate neutron poison for H-Canyon dissolution and impurities are expected to meet the Column A specification limits for oxide production in HB-Line.
Kyser, E. A.; King, W. D.
Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Fish and Invertebrates Task 2.1.3: Effects on Aquatic Organisms Fiscal Year 2012 Progress Report Environmental Effects of Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy
Energy generated by the world�s oceans and rivers offers the potential to make substantial contributions to the domestic and global renewable energy supply. However, the marine and hydrokinetic (MHK) energy industry faces challenges related to siting, permitting, construction, and operation of pilotand commercial-scale facilities. One of the challenges is to understand the potential effects to marine organisms from electromagnetic fields, which are produced as a by-product of transmitting power from offshore to onshore locations through underwater transmission cables. This report documents the progress of the third year of research (fiscal year 2012) to investigate environmental issues associated with marine and hydrokinetic energy (MHK) generation. This work was conducted by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) for the U.S. Department of Energy�s (DOE�s) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Wind and Water Technologies Office. The report addresses the effects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on selected marine species where significant knowledge gaps exist. The species studied this fiscal year included one fish and two crustacean species: the Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus), Dungeness crab (Metacarcinus magister), and American lobster (Homarus americanus).
Woodruff, Dana L.; Cullinan, Valerie I.; Copping, Andrea E.; Marshall, Kathryn E.
Idaho National Laboratory - Hydropower Program: Bibliography
Aspects General Environmental Research Hydrokinetic & Wave Technologies Hydropower Facts Research and Development Resource Assessment Technology Transfer Virtual...
Lipid fluidity at different regions in LDL and HDL of {beta}-thalassemia/Hb E patients
Atherosclerosis-related vascular complications in {beta}-thalassemia/hemoglobin E ({beta}-thal/Hb E) patients may result from iron induced oxidation of lipoproteins. To identify the specific site of oxidative damage, changes in lipid fluidity at different regions in LDL and HDL particle were investigated using two fluorescence probes and two ESR spin probes. The magnitude of increased lipid fluidity in thalassemic lipoproteins was dependent on the location of the probes. In hydrophobic region, the rotational correlation times for 16-doxyl stearic acid and DPH anisotropy were markedly changed in LDL and HDL of the patients. In the surface region, there was only a slight change in the order parameter (S) for 5-doxyl stearic acid and TMA-DPH anisotropy. Lipid fluidity at the core of LDL and HDL showed good correlation with oxidative stress markers, the ratio of CL/CO, and the level of {alpha}-tocopherol, suggesting that hydrophobic region of thalassemic lipoprotein was a target site for oxidative damage.
Morales, Noppawan Phumala [Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok (Thailand)]. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Charlermchoung, Chalermkhwan [Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok (Thailand); Luechapudiporn, Rataya [Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok (Thailand); Yamanont, Paveena [Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok (Thailand); Fucharoen, Suthat [Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Science and Technology for Research and Development, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakornpathom (Thailand); Chantharaksri, Udom [Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok (Thailand)
Radiolytic hydrogen production from process vessels in HB line - production rates compared to evolution rates and discussion of LASL reviews
Hydrogen production from radiolysis of aqueous solutions can create a safety hazard since hydrogen is flammable. At times this production can be significant, especially in HB line where nitric acid solutions containing high concentrations of Pu-238, an intense alpha emitter, are processed. The hydrogen production rates from these solutions are necessary for safety analyses of these process systems. The methods and conclusions of hydrogen production rate tests are provided in this report.
Bibler, N.E.
Discovery of > 200 RR Lyrae Variables in M62: An Oosterhoff I Globular Cluster with a Predominantly Blue HB
We report on the discovery of a large number of RR Lyrae variable stars in the moderately metal-rich Galactic globular cluster M62 (NGC 6266), which places it among the top three most RR Lyrae-rich globular clusters known. Likely members of the cluster in our studied field, from our preliminary number counts, include about 130 fundamental-mode (RRab) pulsators, with = 0.548 d, and about 75 first-overtone (RRc) pulsators, with = 0.300 d. The average periods and the position of the RRab variables with well-defined light curves in the Bailey diagram both suggest that the cluster is of Oosterhoff type I. However, the morphology of the cluster's horizontal branch (HB) is strikingly similar to that of the Oosterhoff type II globular cluster M15 (NGC 7078), with a dominant blue HB component and a very extended blue tail. Since M15 and M62 differ in metallicity by about one dex, we conclude that metallicity, at a fixed HB type, is a key parameter determining the Oosterhoff status of a globular cluster and the posit...
Contreras, R; Smith, H A; Pritzl, B J; Borissova, J
We report on the discovery of a large number of RR Lyrae variable stars in the moderately metal-rich Galactic globular cluster M62 (NGC 6266), which places it among the top three most RR Lyrae-rich globular clusters known. Likely members of the cluster in our studied field, from our preliminary number counts, include about 130 fundamental-mode (RRab) pulsators, with = 0.548 d, and about 75 first-overtone (RRc) pulsators, with = 0.300 d. The average periods and the position of the RRab variables with well-defined light curves in the Bailey diagram both suggest that the cluster is of Oosterhoff type I. However, the morphology of the cluster's horizontal branch (HB) is strikingly similar to that of the Oosterhoff type II globular cluster M15 (NGC 7078), with a dominant blue HB component and a very extended blue tail. Since M15 and M62 differ in metallicity by about one dex, we conclude that metallicity, at a fixed HB type, is a key parameter determining the Oosterhoff status of a globular cluster and the position of its variables in the Bailey diagram.
R. Contreras; M. Catelan; H. A. Smith; B. J. Pritzl; J. Borissova
Evidence for the h_b(1P) meson in the decay Upsilon(3S) --> pi0 h_b(1P)
Using a sample of 122 million {Upsilon}(3S) events recorded with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e{sup +}e{sup -} collider at SLAC, we search for the h{sub b}(1P) spin-singlet partner of the P-wave {chi}{sub b}(1P) states in the sequential decay {Upsilon}(3S) {yields} {pi}{sup 0}h{sub b}(1P), h{sub b}(1P) {yields} {gamma}{eta}{sub b}(1S). We observe an excess of events above background in the distribution of the recoil mass against the {pi}{sup 0} at mass 9902 {+-} 4(stat.) {+-} 1(syst.) MeV/c{sup 2}. The width of the observed signal is consistent with experimental resolution, and its significance is 3.0 {sigma}, including systematic uncertainties. We obtain the value (3.7 {+-} 1.1 (stat.) {+-} 0.7 (syst.)) x 10{sup -4} for the product branching fraction {Beta}({Upsilon}(3S) {yields} {pi}{sup 0}h{sub b}) x {Beta}(h{sub b} {yields} {gamma}{eta}{sub b}).
Lees, J.P.
This document described the U.S. Department of Energy's Water Power Program efforts to promote the development and deployment of advanced water power devices.
Wave Energy
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE))
Wave energy technologies extract energy directly from surface waves or from pressure fluctuations below the surface. Renewable energy analysts believe there is enough energy in ocean waves to provide up to 2 terawatts of electricity. (A terawatt is equal to a trillion watts.)
Ship Waves and Lee Waves
Three-dimensional internal trapped lee wave modes produced by an isolated obstacle in a stratified fluid are shown to have dynamics analogous to surface ship waves on water of finite depth. Two models which allow for vertical trapping of wave ...
R. D. Sharman; M. G. Wurtele
Free Flow 69 | Open Energy Information
Jump to: navigation, search Name Free Flow 69 Address Unit 9 Windmill Ind Est Windmill Place Fowey Zip PL23 1HB Sector Marine and Hydrokinetic Phone number 01726 833337 Website...
OES-IA Annex IV: Environmental Effects of Marine and Hydrokinetic Devices - Report from the Experts� Workshop September 27th � 28th 2010 Clontarf Castle, Dublin Ireland
An experts' workshop was convened in Dublin Ireland September 27th � 28th 2010 in support of IEA Ocean Energy Systems Implementing Agreement Annex IV. PNNL was responsible for organizing the content of the workshop, overseeing the contractors (Irish Marine Institute) hosting the event, presenting material on Annex IV and materials applicable to the workshop intent. PNNL is also overseeing a contractor (Wave Energy Center/University of Plymouth � WEC/UP) in the collection and analysis of the Annex IV data. Fifty-eight experts from 8 countries attended the workshop by invitation, spending two days discussing the needs of Annex IV. Presentations by DOE (background on Annex IV), PNNL (process for developing Annex IV; presentation of the draft database for PNNL project, plans for incorporating Annex IV data), WEC/UP on the environmental effect matrix, and four MHK developers (two from the UK, one from Ireland and one from Sweden; each discussing their own projects and lessons learned for measuring and mitigating environmental effects, as well as interactions with consenting [permitting] processes) helped provide background. The workshop participants worked part of the time in the large group and most of the time in four smaller breakout groups. Participants engaged in the process and provided a wealth of examples of MHK environmental work, particularly in the European nations. They provided practical and actionable advice on the following: � Developing the Annex IV database, with specific uses and audiences � Strong consensus that we should collect detailed metadata on available data sets, rather than attempting to draw in copious datasets. The participants felt there would then be an opportunity to then ask for specific set of data as needed, with specific uses and ownership of the data specified. This is particularly important as many data collected, particularly in Europe but also in Canada, are proprietary; developers were not comfortable with the idea of handing over all their environmental effects data, but all said they would entertain the request if they specifics were clear. � The recommendation was to collect metadata via an online interactive form, taking no more than one hour to complete. � Although the idea of cases representing the �best practices� was recognized as useful, the participants pointed out that there are currently so few MHK projects in the water, that any and all projects were appropriate to highlight as �cases�. There was also discomfort at the implication that �best practices� implied �lesser practices�; this being unhelpful to a new and emerging industry. � Workshop participants were asked if they were willing to continue to engage in the Annex IV process; all expressed willingness. The workshop was successful in adequately addressing its objectives and through participation and interaction in the breakout sessions around the various topics. As a result of the workshop, many delegates are now better informed and have a greater understanding of the potential environmental effects of MHK devices on the marine environment. There is now a greater sense of understanding of the issues involved and consensus by those regulators, developers and scientists who attended the workshop. A strong network has also been built over the two days between European and US/Canadian technical experts in wave and tidal energy.
Copping, Andrea E.; O'Toole, Michael J.
Driving Down HB-LED Costs: Implementation of Process Simulation Tools and Temperature Control Methods of High Yield MOCVD Growth
The overall objective of this multi-faceted program is to develop epitaxial growth systems that meet a goal of 75% (4X) cost reduction in the epitaxy phase of HB-LED manufacture. A 75% reduction in yielded epitaxy cost is necessary in order to achieve the cost goals for widespread penetration of HB-LED�??s into back-lighting units (BLU) for LCD panels and ultimately for solid-state lighting (SSL). To do this, the program will address significant improvements in overall equipment Cost of Ownership, or CoO. CoO is a model that includes all costs associated with the epitaxy portion of production. These aspects include cost of yield, capital cost, operational costs, and maintenance costs. We divide the program into three phases where later phases will incorporate the gains of prior phases. Phase one activities are enabling technologies. In collaboration with Sandia National Laboratories we develop a Fluent-compatible chemistry predictive model and a set of mid-infrared and near-ultraviolet pyrometer monitoring tools. Where previously the modeling of the reactor dynamics were studied within FLUENT alone, here, FLUENT and Chemkin are integrated into a comprehensive model of fluid dynamics and the most advanced transport equations developed for Chemkin. Specifically, the Chemkin model offered the key reaction terms for gas-phase nucleation, a key consideration in the optimization of the MOCVD process. This new predictive model is used to design new MOCVD reactors with optimized growth conditions and the newly developed pyrometers are used monitor and control the MOCVD process temperature to within 0.5°C run-to-run and within each wafer. This portion of the grant is in collaboration with partners at Sandia National Laboratories. Phase two activities are continuous improvement projects which extend the current reactor platform along the lines of improved operational efficiency, improved systems control for throughput, and carrier modifications for increased yield. Programmatically, improvements made in Phase I are applied to developments of Phase II when applicable. Phase three is the culmination of the individual tasks from both phases one and two applied to proposed production platforms. We selectively combine previously demonstrated tasks and other options to develop a high-volume production-worthy MOCVD system demonstrating >3x throughput, 1.3x capital efficiency, and 0.7x cost of ownership. In a parallel demonstration we validate the concept of an improved, larger deposition system which utilizes the predictive modeling of chemistry-based flow analysis and extensions of the improvements demonstrated on the current platforms. This validation includes the build and testing of a prototype version of the hardware and demonstration of 69% reduction in the cost of ownership. Also, in this phase we present a stand-alone project to develop a high-temperature system which improves source efficiency by 30% while concurrently increasing growth rate by 1.3x. The material quality is held to the same material quality specifications of our existing baseline processes. The merits of other line item tasks in phase three are discussed for inclusion on next-generation platforms.
William Quinn
Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Fish and Invertebrates: Task 2.1.3: Effects on Aquatic Organisms - Fiscal Year 2011 Progress Report - Environmental Effects of Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy
This fiscal year (FY) 2011 progress report (Task 2.1.3 Effects on Aquatic Organisms, Subtask 18.104.22.168 Electromagnetic Fields) describes studies conducted by PNNL as part of the DOE Wind and Water Power Program to examine the potential effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF) from marine and hydrokinetic devices on aquatic organisms, including freshwater and marine fish and marine invertebrates. In this report, we provide a description of the methods and results of experiments conducted in FY 2010-FY 2011 to evaluate potential responses of selected aquatic organisms. Preliminary EMF laboratory experiments during FY 2010 and 2011 entailed exposures with representative fish and invertebrate species including juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus), California halibut (Paralicthys californicus), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and Dungeness crab (Metacarcinus magister). These species were selected for their ecological, commercial, and/or recreational importance, as well as their potential to encounter an MHK device or transmission cable during part or all of their life cycle. Based on previous studies, acute effects such as mortality were not expected to occur from EMF exposures. Therefore, our measurement endpoints focused on behavioral responses (e.g., detection of EMF, interference with feeding behavior, avoidance or attraction to EMF), developmental changes (i.e., growth and survival from egg or larval stage to juvenile), and exposure markers indicative of physiological responses to stress. EMF intensities during the various tests ranged from 0.1 to 3 millitesla, representing a range of upper bounding conditions reported in the literature. Experiments to date have shown there is little evidence to indicate distinct or extreme behavioral responses in the presence of elevated EMF for the species tested. Several developmental and physiological responses were observed in the fish exposures, although most were not statistically significant. Additional species are currently planned for laboratory testing in the next fiscal year (e.g. an elasmobranch, American lobster) to provide a broader assessment of species important to stakeholders. The collective responses of all species will be assessed in terms of life stage, exposure scenarios, and biological relevance, to address current uncertainties related to effects of EMF on aquatic organisms.
Woodruff, Dana L.; Schultz, Irvin R.; Marshall, Kathryn E.; Ward, Jeffrey A.; Cullinan, Valerie I.
Oceanic Internal Waves Are Not Weak Waves
It is shown that the oceanic internal wave field is too energetic by roughly two orders of magnitude to be treated theoretically as an assemblage of weakly interacting waves. This may be seen both from recent weak wave theoretical calculations ...
Greg Holloway
CX-000900: Categorical Exclusion Determination | Department of...
Determination CX-000900: Categorical Exclusion Determination An Assessment of Projected Life-Cycle Cost for Wave, Tidal, Ocean Current, and In-Stream Hydrokinetic Power in the...
Energy Information Administration
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
New hydrokinetic energy technologies that generate electricity by harnessing the energy from ocean waves, tides, and river currents are advancing toward commercial ...
HYDROMATRIX? Product Information
Potential and Known Environmental Concerns Low Impact Hydro at Existing Structures Presentation at Hydrokinetic and Wave Energy Technologies Technical and Environmental Issues...
2005 VA TECH HYDRO Presentation at Hydrokinetic and Wave Energy Technologies Technical and Environmental Issues Workshop October 26-28, 2005 Alexander Bihlmayer Innovative...
This report documents the technical basis for determining that stabilizing highpurity PuO{sub 2} derived from oxalate precipitation at the SRS HB-Line facility at a minimum of 625 {degree}C for at least four hours in an oxidizing atmosphere is equivalent to stabilizing at a minimum of 950 {degree}C for at least two hours as regards meeting the objectives of stabilization defined by DOE-STD-3013 if the material is handled in a way to prevent excessive absorption of water.
Duffey, J. M.; Livingston, R. R.; Berg, J. M.; Veirs, D. K.
Environmental assessment operation of the HB-Line facility and frame waste recovery process for production of Pu-238 oxide at the Savannah River Site
The Department of Energy (DOE) has prepared an environmental assessment (EA), DOE/EA-0948, addressing future operations of the HB-Line facility and the Frame Waste Recovery process at the Savannah River Site (SRS), near Aiken, South Carolina. Based on the analyses in the EA, DOE has determined that the proposed action is not a major Federal action significantly affecting the quality of the human environment within the meaning of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1969. Therefore, DOE has concluded that, the preparation of an environmental impact statement is not required, and is issuing this Finding of No Significant Impact.
Wave�Wave Interaction of Unstable Baroclinic Waves
Two slightly unstable baroclinic waves in the two-layer Phillips model are allowed to interact with each other as well as the mean flow. A theory for small dissipation rates is developed to examine the role of wave�wave interaction in the ...
Joseph Pedlosky; Lorenzo M. Polvani
Geostrophic Shock Waves
Organized depth discontinuities involving a balance between steepening and dissipation are usually referred to as shock waves. An analytical �educed gravity� model is used to examine a special kind of shock wave. The wave under study is a depth ...
Doron Nof
The Sandia Wave Reflector
The Sandia wave reflector is a magnetic conductor for wireless transmissions near 433 MHz. The device reflects perpendicular electromagnetic waves in-phase and suppresses surface waves resulting in improved gain performance and effective operation ...
A Thunderstorm Bow Wave
The thunderstorm solitary gust or bow wave, observed by Doviak and Ge, is examined from the viewpoint of boundary layer wave theory. It is concluded that all its well defined characteristics are consistently modeled as a bow wave of ducted ...
G. Chimonas; Carmen J. Nappo
Fundamental Guided Wave Metrology
Fundamental Guided Wave Metrology. Summary: ... The program is focused on fundamental measurement research for microwave parameters. ...
Watching Gravitational Waves
In the vicinity of merging neutron strar binaries or supernova remnants, gravitational waves can interact with the prevailing strong magnetic fields. The resulting partial conversion of gravitational waves into electromagnetic (radio) waves might prove to be an indirect way of detecting gravitational waves from such sources. Another interesting interaction considered in this article is the excitation of magnetosonic plasma waves by a gravitational wave passing through the surrounding plasma. The transfer of gravitational wave energy into the plasma might help to fuel the `fireball' of electromagnetic radiation observed in gamma ray bursts. In the last section of the article, a dispersion relation is derived for such magnetosonic plasma waves driven by a gravitational wave.
Joachim Moortgat
Gravity Waves from Thunderstorms
Gravity waves generated by severe thunderstorms in the eastern Ohio-Pennsylvania area were recorded by an array of microbarovariographs at Palisades, New York and by standard microbarographs across northeastern United States. The waves were ...
Nambath K. Balachandran
The Effect of Wave Breaking on the Wave Energy Spectrum
The effect of wave breaking on the wave energy spectral shape is examined. The Stokes wave-breaking criterion is first extended to random waves and a breaking wave model is established in which the elevation of breaking waves is expressed in ...
C. C. Tung; N. E. Huang
Stellar abundances and ages for metal-rich Milky Way globular clusters - Stellar parameters and elemental abundances for 9 HB stars in NGC6352
[ABRIDGED] Metal-rich globular clusters provide important tracers of the formation of our Galaxy. Moreover, and not less important, they are very important calibrators for the derivation of properties of extra-galactic metal-rich stellar populations. Nonetheless, only a few of the metal-rich globular clusters in the Milky Way have been studied using high-resolution stellar spectra to derive elemental abundances. In this paper we present elemental abundances for nine HB stars in the metal-rich globular cluster NGC6352. The elemental abundances are based on high-resolution, high signal-to-noise spectra obtained with VLT/UVES. The elemental abundances have been derived using standard LTE calculations. We find that NGC6352 has [Fe/H]= -0.55, is enhanced in the alpha-elements to about +0.2 dex for Ca, Si, and Ti relative to Fe. For the iron-peak elements we find solar values. Based on the spectroscopically derived stellar parameters we find that an E(B-V)=0.24 and (m-M) roughly equal to 14.05 better fits the data ...
Feltzing, S; Johnson, R A
Cycloidal Wave Energy Converter
This program allowed further advancing the development of a novel type of wave energy converter, a Cycloidal Wave Energy Converter or CycWEC. A CycWEC consists of one or more hydrofoils rotating around a central shaft, and operates fully submerged beneath the water surface. It operates under feedback control sensing the incoming waves, and converts wave power to shaft power directly without any intermediate power take off system. Previous research consisting of numerical simulations and two dimensional small 1:300 scale wave flume experiments had indicated wave cancellation efficiencies beyond 95%. The present work was centered on construction and testing of a 1:10 scale model and conducting two testing campaigns in a three dimensional wave basin. These experiments allowed for the first time for direct measurement of electrical power generated as well as the interaction of the CycWEC in a three dimensional environment. The Atargis team successfully conducted two testing campaigns at the Texas A&M Offshore Technology Research Center and was able to demonstrate electricity generation. In addition, three dimensional wave diffraction results show the ability to achieve wave focusing, thus increasing the amount of wave power that can be extracted beyond what was expected from earlier two dimensional investigations. Numerical results showed wave cancellation efficiencies for irregular waves to be on par with results for regular waves over a wide range of wave lengths. Using the results from previous simulations and experiments a full scale prototype was designed and its performance in a North Atlantic wave climate of average 30kW/m of wave crest was estimated. A full scale WEC with a blade span of 150m will deliver a design power of 5MW at an estimated levelized cost of energy (LCOE) in the range of 10-17 US cents per kWh. Based on the new results achieved in the 1:10 scale experiments these estimates appear conservative and the likely performance at full scale will exceed this initial performance estimates. In advancing the Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of this type of wave energy converter from 3 to 4, we find the CycWEC to exceed our initial estimates in terms of hydrodynamic performance. Once fully developed and optimized, it has the potential to not just outperform all other WEC technologies, but to also deliver power at a lower LCOE than competing conventional renewables like wind and solar. Given the large wave power resource both domestically and internationally, this technology has the potential to lead to a large improvement in our ability to produce clean electricity at affordable cost.
Stefan G. Siegel, Ph.D.
DOE Patents (OSTI)
Radiation waves can be detected by simultaneously measuring radiation- wave intensities at a plurality of space-distributed points and producing therefrom a plot of the wave intensity as a function of time. To this end. a detector system is provided which includes a plurality of nuclear radiation intensity detectors spaced at equal radial increments of distance from a source of nuclear radiation. Means are provided to simultaneously sensitize the detectors at the instant a wave of radiation traverses their positions. the detectors producing electrical pulses indicative of wave intensity. The system further includes means for delaying the pulses from the detectors by amounts proportional to the distance of the detectors from the source to provide an indication of radiation-wave intensity as a function of time.
Wouters, L.F.
electromagnetic wave travels through the rods along their axes it receives a 1/4 period of phase delay be- ... delay, creating positive interference that effectively
Trimodal steady water waves
We construct three-dimensional families of small-amplitude gravity-driven rotational steady water waves on finite depth. The solutions contain counter-currents and multiple crests in each minimal period. Each such wave generically is a combination of three different Fourier modes, giving rise to a rich and complex variety of wave patterns. The bifurcation argument is based on a blow-up technique, taking advantage of three parameters associated with the vorticity distribution, the strength of the background stream, and the period of the wave.
Mats Ehrnstr�m; Erik Wahl�n
RFI Comments - Wave Systems
... These attacks, such as those planted by rootkits ... PwC leveraged the power of TPMs to ... Wave EMBASSY� Remote Administration Server (ERAS) has ...
owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy�s National Nuclear Security Administration. SAND # 2013-8893 P WAVE REFLE TOR
Collapse of Alfven waves
The growth rates are calculated for the collapse of Alfven waves in a low-..beta.. plasma. The relationship to rf heating is discussed.(AIP)
Erokhin, N.S.; Moiseev, S.S.; Mukhin, V.V.
Energy Basics: Wave Energy
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
Energy Basics Renewable Energy Printable Version Share this resource Biomass Geothermal Hydrogen Hydropower Ocean Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Tidal Energy Wave Energy...
Free-Wave Energy Dissipation in Experimental Breaking Waves
Several transient wave trains containing an isolated plunging or spilling breaker at a prescribed location were generated in a two-dimensional wave flume using an energy focusing technique. Surface elevation measurements of each transient wave ...
Eustorgio Meza; Jun Zhang; Richard J. Seymour
Resonantly Forced Rossby Waves
A shallow, rotating layer of fluid that supports Rossby waves is subjected to turbulent friction through an Ekman layer at the bottom and is driven by a wave that exerts a shear stress on the upper boundary and for which the phase approximate ...
John Miles
Wave Energy Conversion Technology
Wave Energy Conversion Technology Wave Energy Conversion Technology Speaker(s): Mirko Previsic Date: August 2, 2001 - 12:00pm Location: Bldg. 90 Seminar Host/Point of Contact: Julie Osborn Scientists have been working on wave power conversion for the past twenty years, but recent advances in offshore and IT technologies have made it economically competitive. Sea Power & Associates is a Berkeley-based renewable energy technology company. We have developed patented technology to generate electricity from ocean wave energy using a system of concrete buoys and highly efficient hydraulic pumps. Our mission is to provide competitively priced, non-polluting, renewable energy for coastal regions worldwide. Mirko Previsic, founder and CEO, of Sea Power & Associates will discuss ocean wave power, existing technologies for its conversion into
Wave Mechanics without Probability
The behavior of monochromatic electromagnetic waves in stationary media is shown to be ruled by a frequency dependent function, which we call Wave Potential, encoded in the structure of the Helmholtz equation. Contrary to the common belief that the very concept of "ray trajectory" is reserved to the eikonal approximation, a general and exact ray-based Hamiltonian treatment, reducing to the eikonal approximation in the absence of Wave Potential, shows that its presence induces a mutual, perpendicular ray-coupling, which is the one and only cause of any typically wave-like phenomenon, such as diffraction and interference. Recalling, then, that the time-independent Schroedinger and Klein-Gordon equations (associating stationary "matter waves" to mono-energetic particles) are themselves Helmholtz-like equations, the exact, ray-based treatment developed for classical electromagnetic waves is extended - without resorting to statistical concepts - to the exact, trajectory-based Hamiltonian dynamics of mono-energetic point-like particles, both in the non-relativistic and in the relativistic case. The trajectories turn out to be perpendicularly coupled, once more, by an exact, stationary, energy-dependent Wave Potential, coinciding in the form, but not in the physical meaning, with the statistical, time-varying, energy-independent "Quantum Potential" of Bohm's theory, which views particles, just like the standard Copenhagen interpretation, as traveling wave-packets. These results, together with the connection which is shown to exist between Wave Potential and Uncertainty Principle, suggest a novel, non-probabilistic interpretation of Wave Mechanics.
Adriano Orefice; Raffaele Giovanelli; Domenico Ditto
The current mission at H-Canyon involves the dissolution of an Alternate Feedstocks 2 (AFS-2) inventory that contains plutonium metal. Once dissolved, HB-Line is tasked with purifying the plutonium solution via anion exchange, precipitating the Pu as oxalate, and calcining to form plutonium oxide (PuO{sub 2}). The PuO{sub 2} will provide feed product for the Mixed Oxide (MOX) Fuel Fabrication Facility, and the anion exchange raffinate will be transferred to H-Canyon. The results presented in this report document the potential success of the RE resin column extraction application on highly concentrated Pu samples to meet MOX feed product specifications. The original 'Hearts Cut' sample required a 10000x dilution to limit instrument drift on the ICP-MS method. The instrument dilution factors improved to 125x and 250x for the sample raffinate and sample eluent, respectively. As noted in the introduction, the significantly lower dilutions help to drop the total MRL for the analyte. Although the spike recoveries were half of expected in the eluent for several key elements, they were between 94-98% after Nd tracer correction. It is seen that the lower ICD limit requirements for the rare earths are attainable because of less dilution. Especially important is the extremely low Ga limit at 0.12 {mu}g/g Pu; an ICP-MS method is now available to accomplish this task on the sample raffinate. While B and V meet the column A limits, further development is needed to meet the column B limits. Even though V remained on the RE resin column, an analysis method is ready for investigation on the ICP-MS, but it does not mean that V cannot be measured on the ICP-ES at a low dilution to meet the column B limits. Furthermore, this column method can be applicable for ICP-ES as shown in Table 3-2, in that it trims the sample of Pu, decreasing and sometimes eliminating Pu spectral interferences.
Jones, M.; Diprete, D.; Wiedenman, B.
Wave Energy | Open Energy Information
TODO: Add description List of Wave Energy Incentives Retrieved from "http:en.openei.orgwindex.php?titleWaveEnergy&oldid267203" Category: Articles with outstanding TODO tasks...
Wave Energy | Department of Energy
turn, rotates a turbine. Specially built seagoing vessels can also capture the energy of offshore waves. These floating platforms create electricity by funneling waves through...
Evaluation of a Wind-Wave System for Ensemble Tropical Cyclone Wave Forecasting. Part II: Waves
A wind-wave forecast system, designed with the intention of generating unbiased ensemble wave forecasts for extreme wind events, is assessed. Wave hindcasts for 12 tropical cyclones (TCs) are forced using a wind analysis produced from a ...
Steven M. Lazarus; Samuel T. Wilson; Michael E. Splitt; Gary A. Zarillo
wave | OpenEI
9 9 Varnish cache server Browse Upload data GDR 429 Throttled (bot load) Error 429 Throttled (bot load) Throttled (bot load) Guru Meditation: XID: 2142281559 Varnish cache server wave Dataset Summary Description This project estimates the naturally available and technically recoverable U.S. wave energy resources, using a 51-month Wavewatch III hindcast database developed especially for this study by National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA's) National Centers for Environmental Prediction. For total resource estimation, wave power density in terms of kilowatts per meter is aggregated across a unit diameter circle. Source Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) Date Released December 05th, 2011 (3 years ago) Date Updated Unknown Keywords
Traveling-wave photodetector
The traveling-wave photodetector of the present invention combines an absorptive optical waveguide and an electrical transmission line, in which optical absorption in the waveguide results in a photocurrent at the electrodes of the electrical transmission line. The optical waveguide and electrical transmission line of the electrically distributed traveling-wave photodetector are designed to achieve matched velocities between the light in the optical waveguide and electrical signal generated on the transmission line. This velocity synchronization provides the traveling-wave photodetector with a large electrical bandwidth and a high quantum efficiency, because of the effective extended volume for optical absorption. The traveling-wave photodetector also provides large power dissipation, because of its large physical size. 4 figures.
Hietala, V.M.; Vawter, G.A.
Forced Trench Waves
A general theory for forced barotropic long trench waves in the presence of linear bottom friction is presented. Two specific forcing mechanisms are considered: (i) transverse fluctuations in a western boundary current as it flows across a trench,...
Lawrence A. Mysak; Andrew J. Willmott
The traveling-wave photodetector of the present invention combines an absorptive optical waveguide and an electrical transmission line, in which optical absorption in the waveguide results in a photocurrent at the electrodes of the electrical transmission line. The optical waveguide and electrical transmission line of the electrically distributed traveling-wave photodetector are designed to achieve matched velocities between the light in the optical waveguide and electrical signal generated on the transmission line. This velocity synchronization provides the traveling-wave photodetector with a large electrical bandwidth and a high quantum efficiency, because of the effective extended volume for optical absorption. The traveling-wave photodetector also provides large power dissipation, because of its large physical size.
Hietala, Vincent M. (Placitas, NM); Vawter, Gregory A. (Albuquerque, NM)
The HB-Line (HBL) facility at the Savannah River Site (SRS) is designed to produce high-purity plutonium dioxide (PuO{sub 2}) which is suitable for future use in production of Mixed Oxide (MOX) fuel. The MOX Fuel Fabrication Facility (MFFF) requires PuO{sub 2} feed to be packaged per the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Standard 3013 (DOE-STD-3013) to comply with the facility's safety basis. The stabilization conditions imposed by DOE-STD-3013 for PuO{sub 2} (i.e., 950 C for 2 hours) preclude use of the HBL PuO{sub 2} in direct fuel fabrication and reduce the value of the HBL product as MFFF feedstock. Consequently, HBL initiated a technical evaluation to define acceptable operating conditions for production of high-purity PuO{sub 2} that fulfills the DOE-STD-3013 criteria for safe storage. The purpose of this document is to demonstrate that within the defined operating conditions, the HBL process will be equivalent for meeting the requirements of the DOE-STD-3013 stabilization process for plutonium-bearing materials from the DOE complex. The proposed 3013 equivalency reduces the prescribed stabilization temperature for high-purity PuO{sub 2} from oxalate precipitation processes from 950 C to 640 C and places a limit of 60% on the relative humidity (RH) at the lowest material temperature. The equivalency is limited to material produced using the HBL established flow sheet, for example, nitric acid anion exchange and Pu(IV) direct strike oxalate precipitation with stabilization at a minimum temperature of 640 C for four hours (h). The product purity must meet the MFFF acceptance criteria of 23,600 {micro}g/g Pu (i.e., 2.1 wt %) total impurities and chloride content less than 250 {micro}g/g of Pu. All other stabilization and packaging criteria identified by DOE-STD-3013-2012 or earlier revisions of the standard apply. Based on the evaluation of test data discussed in this document, the expert judgment of the authors supports packaging the HBL product under a 3013 equivalency. Under the defined process conditions and associated material specifications, the high-purity PuO{sub 2} produced in HBL presents no unique safety concerns for packaging or storage in the 3013 required configuration. The PuO{sub 2} produced using the HBL flow sheet conditions will have a higher specific surface area (SSA) than PuO{sub 2} stabilized at 950 C and, consequently, under identical conditions will adsorb more water from the atmosphere. The greatest challenge to HBL operators will be controlling moisture content below 0.5 wt %. However, even at the 0.5 wt % moisture limit, the maximum acceptable pressure of a stoichiometric mixture of hydrogen and oxygen in the 3013 container is greater than the maximum possible pressure for the HBL PuO{sub 2} product.
Duffey, J.; Livingston, R.; Berg, J.; Veirs, D.
This patent relates to means for ascertaining the instant of arrival of a shock wave in an exploslve charge and apparatus utilizing this means to coordinate the timing of two operations involving a short lnterval of time. A pair of spaced electrodes are inserted along the line of an explosive train with a voltage applied there-across which is insufficient to cause discharge. When it is desired to initiate operation of a device at the time the explosive shock wave reaches a particular point on the explosive line, the device having an inherent time delay, the electrodes are located ahead of the point such that the ionization of the area between the electrodes caused by the traveling explosive shock wave sends a signal to initiate operation of the device to cause it to operate at the proper time. The operated device may be photographic equipment consisting of an x-ray illuminating tube.
Tuck, J.L.
Standing wave compressor
A compressor for compression-evaporation cooling systems, which requires no moving parts. A gaseous refrigerant inside a chamber is acoustically compressed and conveyed by means of a standing acoustic wave which is set up in the gaseous refrigerant. This standing acoustic wave can be driven either by a transducer, or by direct exposure of the gas to microwave and infrared sources, including solar energy. Input and output ports arranged along the chamber provide for the intake and discharge of the gaseous refrigerant. These ports can be provided with optional valve arrangements, so as to increase the compressor's pressure differential. The performance of the compressor in either of its transducer or electromagnetically driven configurations, can be optimized by a controlling circuit. This controlling circuit holds the wavelength of the standing acoustical wave constant, by changing the driving frequency in response to varying operating conditions.
Lucas, Timothy S. (4614 River Mill Ct., Glen Allen, VA 23060)
Piezoelectric wave motor
A piezoelectric motor having a stator in which piezoelectric elements are contained in slots formed in the stator transverse to the desired wave motion. When an electric field is imposed on the elements, deformation of the elements imposes a force perpendicular to the sides of the slot, deforming the stator. Appropriate frequency and phase shifting of the electric field will produce a wave in the stator and motion in a rotor. In a preferred aspect, the piezoelectric elements are configured so that deformation of the elements in direction of an imposed electric field, generally referred to as the d.sub.33 direction, is utilized to produce wave motion in the stator. In a further aspect, the elements are compressed into the slots so as to minimize tensile stresses on the elements in use.
Yerganian, Simon Scott (Lee' s Summit, MO)
A piezoelectric motor having a stator in which piezoelectric elements are contained in slots formed in the stator transverse to the desired wave motion. When an electric field is imposed on the elements, deformation of the elements imposes a force perpendicular to the sides of the slot, deforming the stator. Appropriate frequency and phase-shifting of the electric field will produce a wave in the stator and motion in a rotor. In a preferred aspect, the piezoelectric elements are configured so that deformation of the elements in the direction of an imposed electric field, generally referred to as the d.sub.33 direction, is utilized to produce wave motion in the stator. In a further aspect, the elements are compressed into the slots so as to minimize tensile stresses on the elements in use.
Ultrasonic shear wave couplant
Ultrasonically testing of an article at high temperatures is accomplished by the use of a compact layer of a dry ceramic powder as a couplant in a method which involves providing an ultrasonic transducer as a probe capable of transmitting shear waves, coupling the probe to the article through a thin compact layer of a dry ceramic powder, propagating a shear wave from the probe through the ceramic powder and into the article to develop echo signals, and analyzing the echo signals to determine at least one physical characteristic of the article.
Kupperman, David S. (Oak Park, IL); Lanham, Ronald N. (Lockport, IL)
Kupperman, D.S.; Lanham, R.N.
Expanding impulsive gravitational waves
We explicitly demonstrate that the known solutions for expanding impulsive spherical gravitational waves that have been obtained by a "cut and paste" method may be considered to be impulsive limits of the Robinson-Trautman vacuum type N solutions. We extend these results to all the generically distinct subclasses of these solutions in Minkowski, de Sitter and anti-de Sitter backgrounds. For these we express the solutions in terms of a continuous metric. Finally, we also extend the class of spherical shock gravitational waves to include a non-zero cosmological constant.
J. Podolsky; J. B. Griffiths
Wave�Turbulence Interactions in a Breaking Mountain Wave
The mean and turbulent structures in a breaking mountain wave are considered through an ensemble of high-resolution (essentially large-eddy simulation) wave-breaking calculations. Of particular interest are the turbulent heat and momentum fluxes ...
Craig C. Epifanio; Tingting Qian
Effects of Long Waves on Wind-Generated Waves
A model is developed to explain the observation made in several laboratory experiments that short wind-generated waves are suppressed by a train of long, mechanically generated waves. A sheltering mechanism is responsible for generation of the ...
Gang Chen; Stephen E. Belcher
Distinguishing Propagating Waves and Standing Modes: An Internal Wave Model
This paper examines high-frequency (0.1-0.5 cph) internal waves, waves previously characterized by the Garrett and Munk spectral fits (GM72, GM75, GM79) as being vertically symmetric propagating waves (or equivalently �smeared� standing modes�...
M. Benno Blumenthal; Melbourne G. Briscoe
Wave Activity Diagnostics Applied to Baroclinic Wave Life Cycles
Wave activity diagnostics are calculated for four different baroclinic wave life cycles, including the LC1 and LC2 cases studied by Thorncroft, Hoskins, and McIntyre. The wave activity is a measure of the disturbance relative to some zonally ...
Gudrun Magnusdottir; Peter H. Haynes
Wave Breaking Dissipation in the Wave-Driven Ocean Circulation
If wave breaking modifies the Lagrangian fluid paths by inducing an uncertainty in the orbit itself and this uncertainty on wave motion time scales is observable as additive noise, it is shown that within the context of a wave�current interaction ...
Juan M. Restrepo
Evolution of a Random Directional Wave and Freak Wave Occurrence
The evolution of a random directional wave in deep water was studied in a laboratory wave tank (50 m long, 10 m wide, 5 m deep) utilizing a directional wave generator. A number of experiments were conducted, changing the various spectral ...
Takuji Waseda; Takeshi Kinoshita; Hitoshi Tamura
Water Waves and Integrability
The Euler's equations describe the motion of inviscid fluid. In the case of shallow water, when a perturbative asymtotic expansion of the Euler's equations is taken (to a certain order of smallness of the scale parameters), relations to certain integrable equations emerge. Some recent results concerning the use of integrable equation in modeling the motion of shallow water waves are reviewed in this contribution.
Rossen I. Ivanov
Deflagration Wave Profiles
Shock initiation in a plastic-bonded explosives (PBX) is due to hot spots. Current reactive burn models are based, at least heuristically, on the ignition and growth concept. The ignition phase occurs when a small localized region of high temperature (or hot spot) burns on a fast time scale. This is followed by a growth phase in which a reactive front spreads out from the hot spot. Propagating reactive fronts are deflagration waves. A key question is the deflagration speed in a PBX compressed and heated by a shock wave that generated the hot spot. Here, the ODEs for a steady deflagration wave profile in a compressible fluid are derived, along with the needed thermodynamic quantities of realistic equations of state corresponding to the reactants and products of a PBX. The properties of the wave profile equations are analyzed and an algorithm is derived for computing the deflagration speed. As an illustrative example, the algorithm is applied to compute the deflagration speed in shock compressed PBX 9501 as a function of shock pressure. The calculated deflagration speed, even at the CJ pressure, is low compared to the detonation speed. The implication of this are briefly discussed.
Menikoff, Ralph [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Pulsed wave interconnect
Pulsed wave interconnect is proposed for global interconnect applications. Signals are represented by localized wavepackets that propagate along the interconnect lines at the local speed of light to trigger the receivers. Energy consumption is reduced ... Keywords: CMOS, VLSI, high-speed interconnect, nonlinear transmission line, pulse compression, soliton, wafer-scale-integration
Pingshan Wang; Gen Pei; Edwin Chih-Chuan Kan
Diffusive Transport by Breaking Waves
A simple conceptual model of the relationship between advective transport by breaking waves and diffusive transport is derived. line model postulates that the displacement of fluid parcels by a breaking wave is analogous to molecular diffusion (...
Kenneth P. Bowman
Spectral Wave�Turbulence Decomposition
A new method of wave�turbulence decomposition is introduced, for which the only instrument required is one high-frequency pointwise velocity sensor. This is a spectral method that assumes equilibrium turbulence and no wave�turbulence interaction. ...
Jeremy D. Bricker; Stephen G. Monismith
Numerical Dispersion of Gravity Waves
When atmospheric gravity waves are simulated in numerical models, they are not only dispersive for physical but also for numerical reasons. Their wave properties (e.g., damping or propagation speed and direction) can depend on grid spacing as ...
Guido Schroeder; K. Heinke Schl�nzen
Sodium Nightglow and Gravity Waves
Oscillations in intensity of NaD nightglow attributed to mesospheric gravity waves have bean studied. Fractional atmospheric density perturbations have been obtained by means of the linear gravity waves theory of Hines. Values of other parameters ...
A. Molina
Gravitational waves and fundamental physics
I give an overview of the motivations for gravitational-wave research, concentrating on the aspects related to ``fundamental'' physics.
Michele Maggiore
Gravitational Wave Sources: An Overview
With full?sensitivity operation of the first generation of gravitational wave detectors now just around the corner
Bernard F. Schutz
Kinetic Theory of Plasma Waves
Kinetic Wave Theory / Proceedings of the Tenth Carolus Magnus Summer School on Plasma and Fusion Energy Physics
D. Van Eester; E. Lerche
Energy Loss by Breaking waves
Observations of the frequency of wind wave breaking in deep water are combined with laboratory estimates of the rate of energy loss a from single breaking wave to infer the net rate of energy transfer to the mixed layer from breaking waves, as a ...
S. A. Thorpe
Long-Wave Trapping by Oceanic Ridges
Long waves are affected by bottom topography and under certain conditions may be trapped along topographical contours which then act as wave guides transmitting wave energy for great distances with little loss. This study examines waves trapped ...
Richard Paul Shaw; Wayne Neu
Charge Density Wave Compounds
Fisher Research Group Fisher Research Group Layered Chalcogenides 29 February 2008 Controlling the Wave by Brad Plummer, SLAC Communications Stanford University researchers working in part at SSRL have discovered a novel set of properties pertaining to a compound of materials called tritellurides. These compounds, composed of three atoms of tellurium and a single atom of one of the rare earth elements, demonstrate unique electronic properties that can be controlled by altering the temperature of the material. The tritellurides display phenomena known as charge density waves (CDW). In a normal conductive metal, electrons persist in a "sea" wherein they are evenly distributed and equally available, or conductive. A CDW occurs under certain circumstances and causes the electrons to clump together, lowering their availability, and thereby lowering the compound's conductivity. Tellurium, when crystallized into quasi-two-dimensional planes and combined with rare earth elements, produces a material with CDWs that can be manipulated and controlled.
DNA waves and water
Some bacterial and viral DNA sequences have been found to induce low frequency electromagnetic waves in high aqueous dilutions. This phenomenon appears to be triggered by the ambient electromagnetic background of very low frequency. We discuss this phenomenon in the framework of quantum field theory. A scheme able to account for the observations is proposed. The reported phenomenon could allow to develop highly sensitive detection systems for chronic bacterial and viral infections.
L. Montagnier; J. Aissa; E. Del Giudice; C. Lavallee; A. Tedeschi; G. Vitiello
The influence of waves . . .
With the growing interest in offshore wind resources, it has become increasingly important to establish and refine models for the interaction between wind and waves in order to obtain accurate models for the sea surface roughness. The simple Charnock relation that has been applied for open sea conditions does not work well in the shallow water near-coastal areas that are important for offshore wind energy. A model for the surface roughness of the sea has been developed based on this concept, using an expression for the Charnock constant as a function of wave age [1], and then relating the wave `age' to the distance to the nearest upwind coastline. The data used in developing these models originated partly from analysis of data from the Vindeby site, partly from previously published results. The scatter in the data material was considerable and consequently there is a need to test these models further by analysing data from sites exhibiting varying distances to the coast. Results from such analysis of recent data are presented for sites with distances to the coast varying from 10km to several hundreds of km. The model shows a good agreement also with this data.
Bernhard Lange; J�rgen H�jstrup
This patent relates to wave-guides and in particular describes wave delaying structure located within a wave-guide. The disclosed wave-guide has an elongated fiat metal sheet arranged in a central plane of the guide and formed with a series of transverse inductive slots such that each face presents an inductive impedance to the guide. The sheet is thickened in the area between slots to increase the self capacity of the slots. Experimental results indicate that in a wave-guide loaded in accordance with the invention the guided wavelength changes more slowly as the air wavelength is changed than the guided wavelength does in wave-guides loaded by means of corrugations.
Robertson-Shersby-Harvie, R.B.; Dain, J.
Regulators approve first commercial hydrokinetic projects in the ...
When the tube sections flex, hydraulic arms move in opposite directions and turn a generator that produces power. Sea snakes are being tested in Scotland and Portugal.
reductions in the short term. For the purpose of this assessment, it was assumed that no learning curve effects are present. Only effects of manufacturing multiple units for the...
Water Power Program: Marine and Hydrokinetic Resource Assessment...
the Tidal Streams Resource Map. Tidal Streams Resource Assessment The Assessment of the Energy Production from Tidal Streams in the United States report, created by Georgia Tech,...
Project Objective: The purpose of this project is to identify and address regulatory issues that affect the cost, time and the management of potential effects as it relates to siting and permitting advanced water power technologies. Background: The overall goal of this effort is to reduce the cost, time and effort of managing potential effects from the development advanced water power projects as it relates to the regulatory process in siting and permitting. To achieve this goal, a multi-disciplinary team will collect and synthesize existing information regarding regulatory processes into a user-friendly online format. In addition, the team will develop a framework for project planning and assessment that can incorporate existing and new information. The team will actively collaborate and coordinate with other efforts that support or influence regulatory process. Throughout the process, the team will engage in an iterative, collaborative process for gathering input and testing ideas that involves the relevant stakeholders across all sectors at the national, regional, and all state levels.
Kopf, Steven; Klure, Justin; Hofford, Anna; McMurray, Greg; Hampton, Therese
NREL Developing Numerical Simulation Tool to Study Hydrokinetic...
M.; Li, Y.; Moriarty, P. (2012). "A Large-Eddy Simulation Study of Wake Propagation and Power Production in an Array of Tidal-Current Turbines." Accepted by Proceedings of the...
Department of Energy Awards $37 Million for Marine and Hydrokinetic...
Energy Technology Development September 9, 2010 - 12:00am Addthis Washington, DC - U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu today announced selections for more than 37 million...
First Commercial, Grid-Connected, Hydrokinetic Tidal Energy Project...
Office of Science (SC) Website
Image courtesy of Ocean Renewable Power Company ORPC's TidGen(tm) turbine generator unit. R&D Opportunity Advanced water power technologies include devices capable of extracting...
Microsoft PowerPoint - MVD Hydrokinetics, SW Regional Hydropower...
Projects on the Mississippi River Mississippi River Southwestern Federal Hydropower Conference 10 June 2010 Jeff Artman, P.E. MVD Hydropower Business Line Manager Line Manager...
--Construction --Commercial Weatherization --Commercial Heating & Cooling --Commercial Lighting --Solar Decathlon -Manufacturing Energy Sources -Renewables --Solar --Wind...
Assessment and Mapping of the Riverine Hydrokinetic Resource...
resource, that account for selected technological factors affecting capture and conversion of the theoretical resource. The technically recoverable resource does not account...
Dynamic Modeling and Environmental Analysis of Hydrokinetic Energy Extraction.
??The world is facing an imminent energy supply crisis. Our well-being is linked to the energy supply, and energy is in high demand in both� (more)
Miller, Veronica Bree
Implementation of control system for hydrokinetic energy converter
At Uppsala University, a research group is investigating a system for converting the power in freely flowing water using a verticalaxis turbine directly connected to a permanent magnet generator. An experimental setup comprising a turbine, a generator, ...
Katarina Yuen, Senad Apelfr�jd, Mats Leijon
* Free Flow Power Corporation (generators mounted on poles placed in the river bottom) * Hydro Green Energy (barge mounted generators) * MarMC Enterprises (generators submerged in...
Gravimagnetic shock waves and gravitational-wave experiments
Causes of the unsatisfactory condition of the gravitational-wave experiments are discussed and a new outlook at the detection of gravitational waves of astrophysical origin is proposed. It is shown that there are strong grounds for identifying the so-called giant pulses in the pulsar NP 0532 radiation with gravimagnetic shock waves (GMSW) excited in the neutron star magnetosphere by sporadic gravitational radiation of this pulsar.
Yu. G. Ignatyev
Riding the Waves: Harnessing Ocean Wave Energy through ...
... The opportunities for ocean wave power to become a new, reliable and clean source of renewable energy will be discussed, as well as activities of ...
Iterated multidimensional wave conversion
Mode conversion can occur repeatedly in a two-dimensional cavity (e.g., the poloidal cross section of an axisymmetric tokamak). We report on two novel concepts that allow for a complete and global visualization of the ray evolution under iterated conversions. First, iterated conversion is discussed in terms of ray-induced maps from the two-dimensional conversion surface to itself (which can be visualized in terms of three-dimensional rooms). Second, the two-dimensional conversion surface is shown to possess a symplectic structure derived from Dirac constraints associated with the two dispersion surfaces of the interacting waves.
Brizard, A. J. [Dept. Physics, Saint Michael's College, Colchester, VT 05439 (United States); Tracy, E. R.; Johnston, D. [Dept. Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795 (United States); Kaufman, A. N. [LBNL and Physics Dept., UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States); Richardson, A. S. [T-5, LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545 (United States); Zobin, N. [Dept. Mathematics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795 (United States)
Gravity Waves in the Sun
We present numerical simulations of penetrative convection and gravity wave excitation in the Sun. Gravity waves are self-consistently generated by a convective zone overlying a radiative interior. We produce power spectra for gravity waves in the radiative region as well as estimates for the energy flux of gravity waves below the convection zone. We calculate a peak energy flux in waves below the convection zone to be three orders of magnitude smaller than previous estimates for m=1. The simulations show that the linear dispersion relation is a good approximation only deep below the convective-radiative boundary. Both low frequency propagating gravity waves as well as higher frequency standing modes are generated; although we find that convection does not continually drive the standing g-mode frequencies.
Tamara M. Rogers; Gary A. Glatzmaier
Shock waves in thermal lensing
We review experimental investigation on spatial shock waves formed by the self-defocusing action of a laser beam propagation in a disordered thermal nonlinear media.
Gentilini, S; DeRe, E; Conti, C
Wave runup on cylinders subject to deep water random waves
The accurate prediction of wave runup on deepwater offshore platform columns is of great importance for design engineers. Although linear predictive models are commonly used in the design and analysis process, many of the important effects are of higher order, and thus can only be accounted for by complex nonlinear models that better reflect the physics of the problem. This study presents a two-parameter Weibull distribution function that utilizes empirical coefficients to model the surface wave runup. Laboratory measurements of irregular waves interfering with vertical platform cylinders were used to obtain the Weibull coefficients necessary for the analytical model. Six data sets with different configurations where the wave elevation was measured close to the test cylinders are analyzed. These data on wave runup in deepwater random waves were generated at similar water depths with significant wave heights and spectral peak periods. Statistical parameters, zero crossing analysis and spectral analysis were utilized to characterize and interpret the time series data. The analysis focused on interpreting the tails of the probability distributions by carefully fitting the analytical model to the measured model data. The main conclusion of this study is that the two-parameter Weibull model can be used to accurately model the wave runup on platform cylinders for the experimental data investigated in this study.
Indrebo, Ann Kristin
Wave-coherent airflow and critical layers over ocean waves
An analysis of coherent measurements of winds and waves from data collected during the ONR HiRes program from R/P FLIP off the coast of northern California in June 2010 is presented. A suite of wind and wave measuring systems was deployed to ...
Laurent Grare; Luc Lenain; W. Kendall Melville
Wave Mechanics and the Fifth Dimension
Replacing 4D Minkowski space by 5D canonical space leads to a clearer derivation of the main features of wave mechanics, including the wave function and the velocity of de Broglie waves. Recent tests of wave-particle duality could be adapted to investigate whether de Broglie waves are basically 4D or 5D in nature.
Paul S. Wesson; James M. Overduin
Selective Excitation of Tropical Atmospheric Waves in Wave-CISK: The Effect of Vertical Wind Shear
The growth of waves and the generation of potential energy in wave-CISK require unstable waves to tilt with height oppositely to their direction of propagation. This makes the structures and instability properties of these waves very sensitive to ...
Minghua Zhang; Marvin A. Geller
Mixing in Symmetric Holmboe Waves
Direct simulations are used to study turbulence and mixing in Holmboe waves. Previous results showing that mixing in Holmboe waves is comparable to that found in the better-known Kelvin�Helmholtz (KH) billows are extended to cover a range of ...
W. D. Smyth; J. R. Carpenter; G. A. Lawrence
Gas Explosion Characterization, Wave Propagation
of nuclear power plants. However, an evi- dent lack of knowledge in the field had demanded for a detaileds & Dt^boooo^j Risø-R-525 Gas Explosion Characterization, Wave Propagation (Small-Scale Experiments EXPLOSION CHARACTERIZATION, WAVE PROPAGATION (Small-Scale Experiments) G.C. Larsen Abstract. A number
Einstein, Black Holes Gravitational Waves
1 #12;Einstein, Black Holes and Gravitational Waves Gregory B. Cook Wake Forest University 2 #12 Relativity? · What are some of the consequences of GR? · What are Black Holes like and do they exist? · What? · What are Black Holes like and do they exist? · What can we learn from Gravity Waves? · To do all
Cook, Greg
Gravitational Waves II: Emitting Systems
We use the basic equations that predict the emission of gravitational waves according to the Einstein gravitation theory to calculate the luminosities and the amplitudes of the waves generated by binary stars, pulsations of neutron stars, wobbling of deformed neutron stars, oscillating quadrupoles, rotating bars and collapsing and bouncing cores of supernovas. This paper was written to graduate and postgraduate students of Physics.
M. Cattani
Evolution of Persistent Wave Groups
During the near-field leg of the Hawaiian Ocean-Mixing Experiment (HOME-NF), short, steep surface wave groups were observed that elicited strong group-forced responses in the wave-filtered surface current field, as reported by Smith. Some of ...
Jerome A. Smith; Coralie Brulefert
Ocean Tidal and Wave Energy
First published in 2000, the annual Renewable Energy Technical Assessment Guide (TAG-RE) provides a consistent basis for evaluating the economic feasibility of renewable generation technologies. This excerpt from the 2005 TAG-RE addresses ocean tidal and wave energy conversion technologies, which offer promise for converting the significant energy potential available in ocean tidal currents and waves to electricity in the future.
Momentum Transport by Gravity Waves
The momentum flux by orographic gravity waves and the turbulent heat flux in wave-breaking regions are estimated from aircraft data from ALPEX. The fluxes on 6 March 1982 are controlled by low-level directional shear of the mean flow and ...
Jinwon Kim; L. Mahrt
Tube-wave seismic imaging
The detailed analysis of cross well seismic data for a gas reservoir in Texas revealed two newly detected seismic wave effects, recorded approximately 2000 feet above the reservoir. A tube-wave (150) is initiated in a source well (110) by a source (111), travels in the source well (110), is coupled to a geological feature (140), propagates (151) through the geological feature (140), is coupled back to a tube-wave (152) at a receiver well (120), and is and received by receiver(s) (121) in either the same (110) or a different receiving well (120). The tube-wave has been shown to be extremely sensitive to changes in reservoir characteristics. Tube-waves appear to couple most effectively to reservoirs where the well casing is perforated, allowing direct fluid contact from the interior of a well case to the reservoir.
Korneev, Valeri A [LaFayette, CA
Korneev, Valeri A. (Lafayette, CA); Bakulin, Andrey (Houston, TX)
Second Harmonic Resonance for Equatorial Waves
Simple, exact analytical conditions for second harmonic resonance between equatorial waves are derived. Such resonance can occur only between two Rossby waves or two westward travelling gravity waves. It is shown that regardless of whether the ...
John P. Boyd
Topographic Waves Generated by a Transient Wind
The concept of linear mountain waves is generally equated with steady-state stationary waves. This essentially means that the absolute horizontal phase velocity of mountain waves is zero and that their momentum flux profile is independent of ...
Fran�ois Lott; Hector Teitelbaum
Wind Wave Growth at Short Fetch
Wave wire data from the large wind wave tank of the Ocean Engineering Laboratory at the University of California, Santa Barbara, are analyzed, and comparisons are made with published data collected in four other wave tanks. The behavior of wind ...
T. Lamont-Smith; T. Waseda
Nonlinear Wave Statistics in a Focal Zone
In this paper, the combined effects of refraction and nonlinearity on the evolution of ocean surface wave statistics are considered and possible implications for the likelihood of extreme waves, also known as freak or rogue waves, are examined. A ...
T. T. Janssen; T. H. C. Herbers
Observations of Breaking Surface Wave Statistics
Breaking surface waves were observed during the Surface Wave Process Program with a novel acoustical instrument that makes use of underwater ambient sound to track individual breaking events. The spatial and temporal statistics of braking waves ...
Li Ding; David M. Farmer
Interpreting Stationary Wave Nonlinearity in Barotropic Dynamics
Stationary wave nonlinearity describes the self-interaction of stationary waves and is important in maintaining the zonally asymmetric atmospheric general circulation. However, the dynamics of stationary wave nonlinearity, which is often ...
Lei Wang; Paul J. Kushner
On the Diurnal Variation of Mountain Waves
The diurnal variation of mountain waves and wave drag associated with flow past mesoscale ridges has been examined using the Coupled Ocean�Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS) and an analytical boundary layer (BL) model. The wave drag ...
Qingfang Jiang; James D. Doyle
Effect of Nonlinearity on Atmospheric Gravity Waves
The weakly nonlinear limit of two-dimensional gravity waves in an incompressible, inviscid and stably stratified atmosphere is studied. The three-wave resonant interaction theory indicates an energy cascade from a vertically propagating wave (...
Mostafa M. Ibrahim
Hinsdale Wave Basin 1 | Open Energy Information
Hinsdale Wave Basin 1 Hinsdale Wave Basin 1 Jump to: navigation, search Basic Specifications Facility Name Hinsdale Wave Basin 1 Overseeing Organization Oregon State University Hydrodynamics Hydrodynamic Testing Facility Type Wave Basin Length(m) 104.0 Beam(m) 3.7 Depth(m) 4.6 Cost(per day) $3500 Towing Capabilities Towing Capabilities None Wavemaking Capabilities Wavemaking Capabilities Yes Maximum Wave Height(m) 1.8 Maximum Wave Height(m) at Wave Period(s) 10.0 Wave Period Range(s) 10.0 Current Velocity Range(m/s) 0.0 Programmable Wavemaking Yes Wavemaking Description Monochromatic waves (cnoidal, Stokes, Airy), solitary waves, user-defined free surface timeseries or board displacement timeseries for random waves Wave Direction Uni-Directional Simulated Beach Yes Description of Beach 12' by 12' concrete slabs anchored to flume walls
Wave Wind LLC | Open Energy Information
Wave Wind LLC Place Sun Prairie, Wisconsin Zip 53590 Sector Services, Wind energy Product Wisconsin-based wind developer and construction services provider. References Wave Wind...
Equatorial Wave-Mean Flow Interaction: The Long Rossby Waves
The interaction of long equatorial Rossby waves with mean zonal currents in the ocean is investigated in a continuously stratified finite difference numerical model. The model allows for realistic specification of the mean state including both ...
Jeffrey A. Proehl
Nonintrusive Measurement of Ocean Waves: Lidar Wave Gauge
In December 1999, a nonintrusive directional lidar wave gauge (LWG) was field tested at the Field Research Facility (FRF) in North Carolina. The LWG uses proven lidar technology to directly measure water surface elevation from above the water�s ...
Jennifer L. Irish; Jennifer M. Wozencraft; A. Grant Cunningham; Claudine Giroud
Wave Attenuation and Wave Drift in the Marginal Ice Zone
Surface gravity waves in a viscous rotating ocean are studied theoretically when they penetrate an area covered by highly concentrated brashlike ice. The motion is described by a Lagrangian formulation, and the brash is modeled by a viscous ...
Jan Erik Weber
Wave Energy Basics | Department of Energy
Wave Energy Basics Wave Energy Basics Wave Energy Basics August 16, 2013 - 4:30pm Addthis Photo of a large wave. Wave energy technologies extract energy directly from surface waves or from pressure fluctuations below the surface. Renewable energy analysts believe there is enough energy in ocean waves to provide up to 2 terawatts of electricity. (A terawatt is equal to a trillion watts.) However, wave energy cannot be harnessed everywhere. Wave power-rich areas of the world include the western coasts of Scotland, northern Canada, southern Africa, and Australia as well as the northeastern and northwestern coasts of the United States. In the Pacific Northwest alone, it is feasible that wave energy could produce 40-70 kilowatts (kW) per 3.3 feet (1 meter) of western coastline. Wave Energy Technologies
Hinsdale Wave Basin 2 | Open Energy Information
Wave Basin 2 Wave Basin 2 Jump to: navigation, search Basic Specifications Facility Name Hinsdale Wave Basin 2 Overseeing Organization Oregon State University Hydrodynamics Length(m) 48.8 Beam(m) 26.5 Depth(m) 2.1 Water Type Freshwater Cost(per day) $3500 Towing Capabilities Towing Capabilities None Wavemaking Capabilities Wavemaking Capabilities Yes Maximum Wave Height(m) 0.8 Maximum Wave Height(m) at Wave Period(s) 10.0 Wave Period Range(s) 10.0 Current Velocity Range(m/s) 0.0 Programmable Wavemaking Yes Wavemaking Description Monochromatic waves (cnoidal, Stokes, Airy), solitary waves, user-defined free surface timeseries or board displacement timeseries for random waves Wave Direction Both Simulated Beach Yes Description of Beach Built to client specifications, currently rigid concrete over gravel fill
Sheets Wave Basin | Open Energy Information
Sheets Wave Basin Sheets Wave Basin Jump to: navigation, search Basic Specifications Facility Name Sheets Wave Basin Overseeing Organization University of Rhode Island Hydrodynamic Testing Facility Type Wave Basin Length(m) 30.0 Beam(m) 3.6 Depth(m) 1.8 Cost(per day) $750(+ Labor/Materials) Towing Capabilities Towing Capabilities Yes Maximum Velocity(m/s) 2.0 Length of Effective Tow(m) 25.0 Wavemaking Capabilities Wavemaking Capabilities Yes Maximum Wave Height(m) 0.3 Maximum Wave Height(m) at Wave Period(s) 3.0 Maximum Wave Length(m) 10 Wave Period Range(s) 3.0 Current Velocity Range(m/s) 0.0 Programmable Wavemaking Yes Wavemaking Description Pre-programmed for regular and irregular waves, but wavemaker is capable of any input motion. Wave Direction Uni-Directional
Haynes Wave Basin | Open Energy Information
Wave Basin Wave Basin Jump to: navigation, search Basic Specifications Facility Name Haynes Wave Basin Overseeing Organization Texas A&M (Haynes) Hydrodynamic Testing Facility Type Wave Basin Length(m) 38.1 Beam(m) 22.9 Depth(m) 1.5 Water Type Freshwater Cost(per day) $150/hour (excluding labor) Towing Capabilities Towing Capabilities None Wavemaking Capabilities Wavemaking Capabilities Yes Maximum Wave Height(m) 0.6 Maximum Wave Height(m) at Wave Period(s) 3.3 Maximum Wave Length(m) 10.7 Wave Period Range(s) 3.3 Current Velocity Range(m/s) 0.2 Programmable Wavemaking Yes Wavemaking Description Directional, irregular, any spectrum, cnoidal or solitary wave Wave Direction Both Simulated Beach Yes Description of Beach Stone Channel/Tunnel/Flume Channel/Tunnel/Flume None
The parametric decay of Alfven waves into shear Alfven waves and dust lower hybrid waves
The parametric decay instability of Alfven wave into low-frequency electrostatic dust-lower-hybrid and electromagnetic shear Alfven waves has been investigated in detail in a dusty plasma in the presence of external/ambient uniform magnetic field. Magnetohydrodynamic fluid equations of plasmas have been employed to find the linear and nonlinear response of the plasma particles for this three-wave nonlinear coupling in a dusty magnetoplasma. Here, relatively high frequency electromagnetic Alfven wave has been taken as the pump wave. It couples with other two low-frequency internal possible modes of the dusty magnetoplasma, viz., the dust-lower-hybrid and shear Alfven waves. The nonlinear dispersion relation of the dust-lower-hybrid wave has been solved to obtain the growth rate of the parametric decay instability. The growth rate is maximum for small value of external magnetic field B{sub s}. It is noticed that the growth rate is proportional to the unperturbed electron number density n{sub oe}.
Jamil, M. [Department of Physics, Government College University, Lahore 54000 (Pakistan); Department of Physics, Crescent Model School Shadman, Lahore 54000 (Pakistan); Shah, H. A.; Zubia, K.; Zeba, I.; Uzma, Ch. [Department of Physics, Government College University, Lahore 54000 (Pakistan); Salimullah, M. [Department of Physics, Government College University, Lahore 54000 (Pakistan); Department of Physics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342 (Bangladesh)
Scattering of superpositions of localized waves from spheres
Localized wave (LW) solutions of the homogeneous wave equation can represent either focused or extended pulses
Des Power; Rod Donnelly
Wave Energy Extraction from buoys
Different types of Wave Energy Converters currently tested or under development are using the vertical movement of floating bodies to generate electricity. For commercial applications, arrays have to be considered in order ...
Garnaud, Xavier
Orographically Induced Rossby Wave Instabilities
Recently, the effects of nonlinearity on waves forced by sinusoidal orography in severely truncated barotropic and baroclinic models have been explored. Multiple equilibria were found for fixed forcing and these have been associated with zonal ...
Michael J. Revell; Brian J. Hoskins
Explosive Instability of Vorticity Waves
The weakly nonlinear dynamics of �vorticity waves� (VW), specific wavelike motions occurring nearshore in the presence of an alongshore shear current is examined. By means of a standard asymptotic technique starting with the shallow-water ...
V. I. Shrira; V. V. Voronovich; N. G. Kozhelupova
Waves in the chromosphere: observations
I review the literature on observational aspects of waves in the solar chromosphere in the first part of this contribution. High-frequency waves are invoked to build elaborate cool-star chromosphere heating theories but have not been detected decisively so far, neither as magnetic modes in network elements nor as acoustic modes in below-the-canopy internetwork regions. Three-minute upward-propagating acoustic shocks are thoroughly established through numerical simulation as the cause of intermittent bright internetwork grains, but their pistoning and their role in the low-chromosphere energy budget remain in debate. Three-minute wave interaction with magnetic canopies is a newer interest, presently progressing through numerical simulation. Three-minute umbral flashes and running penumbral waves seem a similar acoustic-shock phenomenon awaiting numerical simulation. The low-frequency network Doppler modulation remains enigmatic. In the second part, I address low-frequency ultraviolet brightness variations of t...
Rutten, R J
Three-Dimensional Edge Waves
Exact solutions are found to the linearized three-dimensional equations for free surface-gravity waves trapped against a straight coastline with a topography varying perpendicular to the coastline. Three families of topographies are found, one ...
Richard Paul Shaw; David Paskausky
On Offshore Propagating Diurnal Waves
Characteristics and dynamics of offshore diurnal waves induced by land�sea differential heating are examined using linear theory. Two types of heating profiles are investigated, namely a shallow heating source confined within an atmospheric ...
Qingfang Jiang
Gravitational waves with distinct wavefronts
Exact solutions of Einstein's vacuum equations are considered which describe gravitational waves with distinct wavefronts. A family of such solutions presented recently in which the wavefronts have various geometries and which propagate into a number of physically significant backgrounds is here related to an integral representation which is a generalisation of the Rosen pulse solution for cylindrical waves. A nondiagonal solution is also constructed which is a generalisation of the Rosen pulse, being a cylindrical pulse wave with two states of polarization propagating into a Minkowski background. The solution is given in a complete and explicit form. A further generalisation to include electromagnetic waves with a distinct wavefront of the same type is also discussed.
G A Alekseev; J B Griffiths
Thermal Equilibration of Planetary Waves
Equilibration of planetary waves toward free-mode forms, steady solutions of the unforced, undamped equations of motion, is studied in a three-level quasi-geostrophic model on the hemisphere. A thermal mechanism is invoked, parameterized as a ...
John Marshall; Damon W. K. So
A Planetary-Wave Climatology
Ultralong and long planetary waves are analyzed at the 500 mb level in terms of their amplitudes, phases and stationarity characteristics, the latter described in terms of a stationarity index SIn. This index consists of the ratio between ...
Elmar R. Reiter; Daniel Westhoff
Accelerations in Steep Gravity Waves
Surface accelerations can be measured in at least two ways: 1) by a fixed vertical wave guage, 2) by a free-floating buoy. This gives rise to two different vertical accelerations, called respectively �apparent� and �real�, or Langrangian. This ...
M. S. Longuet-Higgins
wave energy | OpenEI
99 99 Varnish cache server Browse Upload data GDR 429 Throttled (bot load) Error 429 Throttled (bot load) Throttled (bot load) Guru Meditation: XID: 2142281099 Varnish cache server wave energy Dataset Summary Description Source The Wave Energy Resource Assessment project is a joint venture between NREL, EPRI, and Virginia Tech. EPRI is the prime contractor, Virginia Tech is responsible for development of the models and estimating the wave resource, and NREL serves as an independent validator and also develops the final GIS-based display of the data. Source National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Date Released September 27th, 2011 (3 years ago) Date Updated October 20th, 2011 (3 years ago) Keywords EPRI GIS NREL Puerto Rico shapefile United States Virginia Tech wave energy
Planetary waves in rotating ionosphere
The problem of propagation of ultralong planetary waves in the Earth's upper atmosphere is considered. A new exact solution to the MHD equations for the ionosphere is obtained in spherical coordinates with allowance for the geomagnetic field and Earth's rotation. A general dispersion relation is derived for planetary waves in the ionospheric E and F regions, and the characteristic features of their propagation in a weakly ionized ionospheric plasma are discussed.
Khantadze, A. G.; Jandieri, V. G. [Tbilisi State University (Georgia); Jandieri, G. V. [Georgian Technical University (Georgia)
Direct Drive Wave Energy Buoy
The most prudent path to a full-scale design, build and deployment of a wave energy conversion (WEC) system involves establishment of validated numerical models using physical experiments in a methodical scaling program. This Project provides essential additional rounds of wave tank testing at 1:33 scale and ocean/bay testing at a 1:7 scale, necessary to validate numerical modeling that is essential to a utility-scale WEC design and associated certification.
Rhinefrank, Kenneth E. [Columbia Power Technologies, Inc.; Lenee-Bluhm, Pukha [Columbia Power Technologies, Inc.; Prudell, Joseph H. [Columbia Power Technologies, Inc.; Schacher, Alphonse A. [Columbia Power Technologies, Inc.; Hammagren, Erik J. [Columbia Power Technologies, Inc.; Zhang, Zhe [Columbia Power Technologies, Inc.
Spinor wave equation of photon
In this paper, we give the spinor wave equations of free and unfree photon, which are the differential equation of space-time one order. For the free photon, the spinor wave equations are covariant, and the spinors $\\psi$ are corresponding to the the reducibility representations $D^{10}+D^{01}$ and $D^{10}+D^{01}+D^{1/2 1/2}$ of the proper Lorentz group.
Xiang-Yao Wu; Bo-Jun Zhang; Xiao-Jing Liu; Si-Qi Zhang; Jing Wang; Hong Li; Xi-Hui Fan; Jing-Wu Li
Multibaseline gravitational wave radiometry
We present a statistic for the detection of stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds (SGWBs) using radiometry with a network of multiple baselines. We also quantitatively compare the sensitivities of existing baselines and their network to SGWBs. We assess how the measurement accuracy of signal parameters, e.g., the sky position of a localized source, can improve when using a network of baselines, as compared to any of the single participating baselines. The search statistic itself is derived from the likelihood ratio of the cross correlation of the data across all possible baselines in a detector network and is optimal in Gaussian noise. Specifically, it is the likelihood ratio maximized over the strength of the SGWB, and is called the maximized-likelihood ratio (MLR). One of the main advantages of using the MLR over past search strategies for inferring the presence or absence of a signal is that the former does not require the deconvolution of the cross correlation statistic. Therefore, it does not suffer from errors inherent to the deconvolution procedure and is especially useful for detecting weak sources. In the limit of a single baseline, it reduces to the detection statistic studied by Ballmer [Class. Quant. Grav. 23, S179 (2006)] and Mitra et al. [Phys. Rev. D 77, 042002 (2008)]. Unlike past studies, here the MLR statistic enables us to compare quantitatively the performances of a variety of baselines searching for a SGWB signal in (simulated) data. Although we use simulated noise and SGWB signals for making these comparisons, our method can be straightforwardly applied on real data.
Dipongkar Talukder; Sanjit Mitra; Sukanta Bose
Steady water waves with multiple critical layers
We construct small-amplitude periodic water waves with multiple critical layers. In addition to waves with arbitrarily many critical layers and a single crest in each period, two-dimensional sets of waves with several crests and troughs in each period are found. The setting is that of steady two-dimensional finite-depth gravity water waves with vorticity.
Mats Ehrnstr�m; Joachim Escher; Erik Wahl�n
Shock waves in trombones A. Hirschberg
Shock waves in trombones A. Hirschberg Eindhoven University of Technology, W&S, P.O. Box 513, 5600 of the wave propagation in the pipe. At fortissimo levels this leads to shock wave formation observed in our and the band- width necessary in order to observe shock waves. Our ex- perimental results, shown in Figs. 2
Luo, Xiaoyu
UNDERCOMPRESSIVE SHOCK WAVES AND THE DAFERMOS REGULARIZATION STEPHEN SCHECTER Abstract solutions that include only shock waves. Shock waves are required to satisfy the viscous profile criterion for a given viscosity (B(u)u x ) x . Undercompressive shock waves are allowed. We also show that all
Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves are ubiquitous in the solar atmosphere. Alfven waves and magneto-sonic waves are particular classes of MHD waves. These wave modes are clearly different and have pure properties in uniform plasmas of infinite extent only. Due to plasma non-uniformity, MHD waves have mixed properties and cannot be classified as pure Alfven or magneto-sonic waves. However, vorticity is a quantity unequivocally related to Alfven waves as compression is for magneto-sonic waves. Here, we investigate MHD waves superimposed on a one-dimensional non-uniform straight cylinder with constant magnetic field. For a piecewise constant density profile, we find that the fundamental radial modes of the non-axisymmetric waves have the same properties as surface Alfven waves at a true discontinuity in density. Contrary to the classic Alfven waves in a uniform plasma of infinite extent, vorticity is zero everywhere except at the cylinder boundary. If the discontinuity in density is replaced with a continuous variation of density, vorticity is spread out over the whole interval with non-uniform density. The fundamental radial modes of the non-axisymmetric waves do not need compression to exist unlike the radial overtones. In thin magnetic cylinders, the fundamental radial modes of the non-axisymmetric waves with phase velocities between the internal and the external Alfven velocities can be considered as surface Alfven waves. On the contrary, the radial overtones can be related to fast-like magneto-sonic modes.
Goossens, M.; Andries, J.; Soler, R.; Van Doorsselaere, T. [Centre for Plasma Astrophysics, Department of Mathematics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200B, 3001 Leuven (Belgium); Arregui, I.; Terradas, J., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Solar Physics Group, Departament de Fisica, Universitat de les Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca (Spain)
Alden Wave Basin | Open Energy Information
Wave Basin Wave Basin Jump to: navigation, search Basic Specifications Facility Name Alden Wave Basin Overseeing Organization Alden Research Laboratory, Inc Hydrodynamic Testing Facility Type Wave Basin Length(m) 33.5 Beam(m) 21.3 Depth(m) 1.2 Water Type Freshwater Cost(per day) Depends on study Towing Capabilities Towing Capabilities None Wavemaking Capabilities Wavemaking Capabilities Yes Maximum Wave Height(m) 0.3 Maximum Wave Height(m) at Wave Period(s) 1.0 Maximum Wave Length(m) 1.8 Wave Period Range(s) 1.0 Current Velocity Range(m/s) 0.0 Programmable Wavemaking Yes Wavemaking Description Period adjustable electronically, height adjustable mechanically Wave Direction Both Simulated Beach Yes Description of Beach Designed as needed using commercially available sand/sediment
HB2009 Instructions for Full paper
Measurement of Passive Uptake Rates for Volatile Organic Compounds on Commercial Thermal Desorption Tubes and the Effect of Ozone on Sampling Randy Maddalena 1 , Amanda Parra 1,2 , Marion Russell 1 , Wen-Yee Lee 1,2 1 Environmental Energy Technologies Division Energy Analysis and Environmental Impacts Department Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, CA 94720 2 Chemistry Department University of Texas at El Paso El Paso, TX 79968 May 2013 This work was conducted as part of, and with support from, the Faculty and Student Teams (FaST) internship program, which is a collaboration between Department of Energy's Office of Science Workforce Development for
were not selected based on criteria and so they make a convenience sample. We counted the number of occupants, including store workers and customers, a few times during the day of...
silver corrosion rates reported no unusual equipment failure rates, although detailed analysis of this question is not possible because only one data center in the sample had high...
Indoor Air Quality Indoor Air Quality Benefits and Energy Costs of Mechanical Ventilation J.M. Logue 1 , P.N. Price, M. H. Sherman, B.C. Singer Environmental Energy Technologies Division June 2011 Funding was provided by the U.S. Dept. of Energy Building Technologies Program, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy under DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231; by the U.S. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development Office of Healthy Homes and Lead Hazard Control through Interagency Agreement I-PHI-01070, and by the California Energy Commission through Contract 500-08-061. LBNL Report Number 4945-E 1 Corresponding author: firstname.lastname@example.com Logue et al., Assessment of Indoor Air Quality Benefits and Energy Costs of Mechanical Ventilation LBNL-4945E
Published in Indoor Air Journal, doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2011.00719.x. Published in Indoor Air Journal, doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2011.00719.x. 1 Benefits and Costs of Improved IEQ in U.S. Offices William J. Fisk 1 , Douglas Black 1 , Gregory Brunner 2 1 1 Cyclotron Road, 90R3058 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, CA, USA 94720 2 1200 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Mail Code 6609J U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Washington, D.C., USA 20460 * Corresponding email: email@example.com April 5, 2011 ABSTRACT This paper estimates some of the benefits and costs of implementing scenarios that improve indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in the stock of U.S. office buildings. The scenarios include increasing ventilation rates when they are below 10 or 15 L/s per person, adding outdoor-air economizers and controls when absent, eliminating winter indoor temperatures
Maximizing Information from Residential Maximizing Information from Residential Measurements of Volatile Organic Compounds Randy Maddalena 1,* , Na Li 2 , Alfred Hodgson 2 , Francis Offermann 3 , Brett Singer 1 1 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Environmental Energy Technologies Division Berkeley, California, U.S.A. 2 Berkeley Analytical Associates Richmond, California, U.S.A 3 Indoor Environmental Engineering San Francisco, California, U.S.A February 2013 Funding was provided by the U.S. Dept. of Energy Building Technologies Program, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy under DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231; by the U.S. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development Office of Healthy Homes and Lead Hazard Control through Interagency Agreement I-PHI-01070, by the U.S. Environmental
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy Shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) was introduced in
Part IV Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy #12;#12;Shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) was introduced in the fundamentals of shock wave generation and delivery. That is, lithotriptors have changed in form and mode, an acoustic shock wave. This pressure pulse, or shock wave, is responsible for breaking stones. However
Cleveland, Robin
Wave propagation through soils in centrifuge testing
Wave propagation phenomena in soils can be experimentally simulated using centrifuge scale models. An original excitation device (drop-ball arrangement) is proposed to generate short wave trains. Wave reflections on model boundaries are taken into account and removed by homomorphic filtering. Propagation is investigated through dispersion laws. For drop-ball experiments, spherical wave field analysis assuming linear viscoelasticity leads to a complete analytical description of wave propagation. Damping phenomena are examined and evaluated using this description.
Semblat, J F; 10.1142/S1363246998000071
Ion Bernstein wave heating research
Ion Bernstein wave heating (IBWH) utilizes the ion Bernstein wave (IBW), a hot plasma wave, to carry the radio frequency (rf) power to heat tokamak reactor core. Earlier wave accessibility studies have shown that this finite-Larmor-radius (FLR) mode should penetrate into a hot dense reactor plasma core without significant attenuation. Moreover, the IBW`s low phase velocity ({omega}/k{sub {perpendicular}} {approx} V{sub Ti} {much_lt} V{sub {alpha}}) greatly reduces the otherwise serious wave absorption by the 3.5 MeV fusion {alpha}-particles. In addition, the property of IBW`s that k{sub {perpendicular}} {rho}{sub i} {approx} 1 makes localized bulk ion heating possible at the ion cyclotron harmonic layers. Such bulk ion heating can prove useful in optimizing fusion reactivity. In another vein, with proper selection of parameters, IBW`s can be made subject to strong localized electron Landau damping near the major ion cyclotron harmonic resonance layers. This property can be useful, for example, for rf current drive in the reactor plasma core. This paper discusses this research.
Ono, Masayuki
Ion Bernstein wave heating (IBWH) utilizes the ion Bernstein wave (IBW), a hot plasma wave, to carry the radio frequency (rf) power to heat tokamak reactor core. Earlier wave accessibility studies have shown that this finite-Larmor-radius (FLR) mode should penetrate into a hot dense reactor plasma core without significant attenuation. Moreover, the IBW's low phase velocity ({omega}/k{sub {perpendicular}} {approx} V{sub Ti} {much lt} V{sub {alpha}}) greatly reduces the otherwise serious wave absorption by the 3.5 MeV fusion {alpha}-particles. In addition, the property of IBW's that k{sub {perpendicular}} {rho}{sub i} {approx} 1 makes localized bulk ion heating possible at the ion cyclotron harmonic layers. Such bulk ion heating can prove useful in optimizing fusion reactivity. In another vein, with proper selection of parameters, IBW's can be made subject to strong localized electron Landau damping near the major ion cyclotron harmonic resonance layers. This property can be useful, for example, for rf current drive in the reactor plasma core. This paper discusses this research.
Ono, Masayuki.
Internal Wave�Wave Interactions. Part II: Spectral Energy Transfer and Turbulence Production
The spectral transfer of internal wave energy toward high vertical wavenumber kz and turbulence production ? is examined by ray tracing small-scale test waves in a canonical Garrett and Munk background wave field. Unlike previous ray-tracing ...
Haili Sun; Eric Kunze
Influence of Wave Propagation on the Doppler Spreading of Atmospheric Gravity Waves
The �Doppler spread� theory of atmospheric gravity waves has developed rapidly in recent years, from an initial theory of wave spectra into a general parameterization of gravity wave effects for use in global models of the middle atmosphere. Yet ...
Stephen D. Eckermann
Implicit�Explicit Multistep Methods for Fast-Wave�Slow-Wave Problems
Implicit�explicit (IMEX) linear multistep methods are examined with respect to their suitability for the integration of fast-wave�slow-wave problems in which the fast wave has relatively low amplitude and need not be accurately simulated. The ...
Dale R. Durran; Peter N. Blossey
Energy-momentum relation for solitary waves of relativistic wave equations
Solitary waves of relativistic invariant nonlinear wave equation with symmetry group U(1) are considered. We prove that the energy-momentum relation for spherically symmetric solitary waves coincides with the Einstein energy-momentum relation for point particles.
T. V. Dudnikova; A. I. Komech; H. Spohn
MHK Technologies/Hybrid wave Wind Wave pumps and turbins | Open Energy
Wind Wave pumps and turbins Wind Wave pumps and turbins < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Hybrid wave Wind Wave pumps and turbins.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Ocean Wave Wind Energy Ltd OWWE Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Point Absorber - Floating Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 1 3 Discovery Concept Def Early Stage Dev Design Engineering Technology Description 2Wave1Wind The hybrid wave power rig uses two wave converting technologies in addition to wind mills The main system is a pneumatic float in the category of overtopping as Wave Dragon In addition the pneumatic float can house point absorbers The hybrid wave power rig is based on the patented wave energy converter from 2005
Wave Power: Destroyer of Rocks; Creator of Clean Energy
E E PG&E Wave Energy Wave Energy Federal Utility Partnership Federal Utility Partnership Working Group Meeting Working Group Meeting Wave Energy Wave Energy Development Development Ontario, CA Ontario, CA November 18 November 18- -19, 200 19, 2009 9 Donald G. Price Donald G. Price Senior Consulting Scientist, PG&E Senior Consulting Scientist, PG&E Wave Power Overview Wave Power Overview * * What is Wave Power? What is Wave Power? o o Wave power or wave energy is the energy contained in ocean Wave power or wave energy is the energy contained in ocean o o Wave power or wave energy is the energy contained in ocean Wave power or wave energy is the energy contained in ocean waves that is converted into electricity by various means. waves that is converted into electricity by various means. o o It is a clean, renewable energy resource capable of being utilized
Gravitational waves from gravitational collapse
Gravitational wave emission from stellar collapse has been studied for nearly four decades. Current state-of-the-art numerical investigations of collapse include those that use progenitors with more realistic angular momentum profiles, properly treat microphysics issues, account for general relativity, and examine non-axisymmetric effects in three dimensions. Such simulations predict that gravitational waves from various phenomena associated with gravitational collapse could be detectable with ground-based and space-based interferometric observatories. This review covers the entire range of stellar collapse sources of gravitational waves: from the accretion induced collapse of a white dwarf through the collapse down to neutron stars or black holes of massive stars to the collapse of supermassive stars.
Fryer, Christopher L [Los Alamos National Laboratory; New, Kimberly C [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Wave | OpenEI Community
Wave Wave Home Ocop's picture Submitted by Ocop(5) Member 18 April, 2013 - 13:41 MHK LCOE Reporting Guidance Draft Cost Current DOE LCOE numerical modeling Performance Tidal Wave To normalize competing claims of LCOE, DOE has developed-for its own use-a standardized cost and performance data reporting process to facilitate uniform calculation of LCOE from MHK device developers. This standardization framework is only the first version in what is anticipated to be an iterative process that involves industry and the broader DOE stakeholder community. Multiple files are attached here for review and comment.Upload Files: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document icon device_performance_validation_data_request.docx application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet icon
Nonlocal theory of electromagnetic wave decay into two electromagnetic waves in a rippled density plasma channel
Parametric decay of a large amplitude electromagnetic wave into two electromagnetic modes in a rippled density plasma channel is investigated. The channel is taken to possess step density profile besides a density ripple of axial wave vector. The density ripple accounts for the momentum mismatch between the interacting waves and facilitates nonlinear coupling. For a given pump wave frequency, the requisite ripple wave number varies only a little w.r.t. the frequency of the low frequency decay wave. The radial localization of electromagnetic wave reduces the growth rate of the parametric instability. The growth rate decreases with the frequency of low frequency electromagnetic wave.
Sati, Priti; Tripathi, V. K. [Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, Delhi 110054 (India)
Nonlinear dissipation of circularly polarized Alfven waves due to the beam-induced obliquely propagating waves
In the present study, the dissipation processes of circularly polarized Alfven waves in solar wind plasmas including beam components are numerically discussed by using a 2-D hybrid simulation code. Numerical results suggest that the parent Alfven waves are rapidly dissipated due to the presence of the beam-induced obliquely propagating waves, such as kinetic Alfven waves. The nonlinear wave-wave coupling is directly evaluated by using the induction equation for the parent wave. It is also observed both in the 1-D and 2-D simulations that the presence of large amplitude Alfven waves strongly suppresses the beam instabilities.
Nariyuki, Y. [Faculty of Human Development, University of Toyama, 3190, Toyama City, Toyama 930-8555 (Japan); Hada, T. [Department of Earth System Science and Technology, Kyushu University, 6-1, Kasuga City, Fukuoka 816-8580 (Japan); Tsubouchi, K. [Department of Earth and Planetary Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033 (Japan)
Plasma beat-wave accelerator
We perform an analytic study of some quantities relevant to the plasma beat-wave accelerator (PBWA) concept. We obtain analytic expressions for the plasma frequency, longitudinal electron velocity, plasma density and longitudinal plasma electric field of a nonlinear longitudinal electron plasma oscillation with amplitude less than the wave-breaking limit and phase velocity approaching the speed of light. We also estimate the luminosity of a single-pass e/sup +/e/sup -/ linear PBWA collider assuming the energy and collision beamstrahlung are fixed parameters.
Noble, R.J.
Property:Maximum Wave Height(m) at Wave Period(s) | Open Energy Information
Wave Height(m) at Wave Period(s) Wave Height(m) at Wave Period(s) Jump to: navigation, search Property Name Maximum Wave Height(m) at Wave Period(s) Property Type String Pages using the property "Maximum Wave Height(m) at Wave Period(s)" Showing 25 pages using this property. (previous 25) (next 25) 1 1.5-ft Wave Flume Facility + 10.0 + 10-ft Wave Flume Facility + 10.0 + 11-ft Wave Flume Facility + 10.0 + 2 2-ft Flume Facility + 10.0 + 3 3-ft Wave Flume Facility + 10.0 + 5 5-ft Wave Flume Facility + 10.0 + 6 6-ft Wave Flume Facility + 10.0 + A Alden Large Flume + 0.0 + Alden Wave Basin + 1.0 + C Chase Tow Tank + 3.1 + Coastal Harbors Modeling Facility + 2.3 + Coastal Inlet Model Facility + 2.3 + D Davidson Laboratory Tow Tank + 4.0 + DeFrees Large Wave Basin + 3.0 + DeFrees Small Wave Basin + 3.0 +
Solitary waves and homoclinic orbits
The notion that fluid motion often organizes itself into coherent structures has increasingly permeated modern fluid dynamics. Such localized objects appear in laminar flows and persist in turbulent states; from the water on windows on rainy days, to the circulations in planetary atmospheres. This review concerns solitary waves in fluids. More specifically, it centres around the mathematical description of solitary waves in a single spatial dimension. Moreover, it concentrates on strongly dissipative dynamics, rather than integrable systems like the KdV equation. One-dimensional solitary waves, or pulses and fronts as they are also called, are the simplest kinds of coherent structure (at least from a geometrical point of view). Nevertheless, their dynamics can be rich and complicated. In some circumstances this leads to the formation of spatio-temporal chaos in the systems giving birth to the solitary waves, and understanding that phenomenon is one of the major goals in the theory outlined in this review. Unfortunately, such a goal is far from achieved to date, and the author assess its current status and incompleteness.
Balmforth, N.J.
Gravitational Waves from Supersymmetry Breaking
In theories of supersymmetry breaking, it is often the case that there is more than one metastable vacuum. First-order phase transitions among such metastable vacua may generate a stochastic background of gravitational waves, the observation of which would provide a direct window into the supersymmetry-breaking sector.
Craig, Nathaniel J
Model for Shock Wave Chaos
We propose the following model equation, u[subscript t]+1/2(u[superscript 2]-uu[subscript s])[subscript x]=f(x,u[subscript s]) that predicts chaotic shock waves, similar to those in detonations in chemically reacting ...
Kasimov, Aslan R.
Directional Validation of Wave Predictions
A methodology for quantitative, directional validation of a long-term wave model hindcast is described and applied. Buoy observations are used as ground truth and the method does not require the application of a parametric model or data-adaptive ...
W. Erick Rogers; David W. C. Wang
Wave�Mean Flow Statistics
A relation between the statistics of large-scale waves and the mean flow is derived from the potential enstrophy equations integrated over an isobaric surface. The difference between time-averaged zonal-mean state and the radiative-dynamical ...
Mark R. Schoeberl
Shallow Angle Wave Profiling Lidar
A lidar scanning system is described that is primarily designed to measure sea wave shape. The device is capable of measuring real-time spatial profiles over distances of hundreds of meters, and as the lidar must inevitably operate from modest ...
M. R. Belmont; J. M. K. Horwood; R. W. F. Thurley; J. Baker
Generation of Turbulence by Atmospheric Gravity Waves
The standard current criterion for the generation of turbulence by atmospheric gravity waves and for the associated limitation on wave growth is based upon the standard criterion for static instability of the unperturbed atmosphere, namely, that ...
Colin O. Hines
Interactions between Rain and Wind Waves
Effects of rain on surface waves have been investigated in a circulating wind-wave tank. Surface displacement and slope spectra under different wind velocities were measured near the upwind and downwind edges of a region with simulated rains. ...
Ying-Keung Poon; Shih Tang; Jin Wu
Equatorial Solitary Waves. Part 2: Envelope Solitons
Via the method of multiple scales, it is shown that the time and space evolution of the envelope of wave packets of weakly nonlinear, strongly dispersive equatorial waves is governed by the Nonlinear Schr�dinger equation. The diverse phenomena of ...
Anelastic Internal Wave Packet Evolution and Stability
As upward-propagating anelastic internal gravity wave packets grow in amplitude, nonlinear effects develop as a result of interactions with the horizontal mean flow that they induce. This qualitatively alters the structure of the wave packet. The ...
Hayley V. Dosser; Bruce R. Sutherland
Breaking of Wind-Generated Waves
Breaking of wind-generated waves was studies in a laboratory tank. The critical surface slope and global wave steepness for inception of breaking were evaluated. Besides the frequency of occurrence, two other characteristic quantities, height and ...
Delun Xu; Paul A. Hwang; Jin Wu
Solving general shallow wave equations on surfaces
We propose a new framework for solving General Shallow Wave Equations (GSWE) in order to efficiently simulate water flows on solid surfaces under shallow wave assumptions. Within this framework, we develop implicit schemes for solving the external forces ...
Huamin Wang; Gavin Miller; Greg Turk
Shock Waves in Currents and Outflows
Shock waves are discontinuities (in the physical properties of a fluid) which behave in an organized manner. The possibility that such waves may occur in oceanic boundary currents is examined with a nonlinear two-layer analytical model. Attention ...
Observations of a Mesoscale Ducted Gravity Wave
This paper reports coordinated observations of a mesoscale gravity wave made during the FRONTS 84 field experiment conducted in southwestern France in the summer of 1984. The observations were unique in the sense that all relevant wave ...
F. M. Ralph; V. Venkateswaran; M. Crochet
An Analysis of Wave-Turbulence Interaction
We present the results of an analytical and numerical calculation of the interaction between an internal gravity wave and a wave-induced turbulence. The initial atmospheric state, assumed horizontally homogeneous, is statically and dynamically ...
D. Fua; G. Chimonas; F. Einaudi; O. Zeman
How to excite a rogue wave
We propose initial conditions that could facilitate the excitation of rogue waves. Understanding the initial conditions that foster rogue waves could be useful both in attempts to avoid them by seafarers and in generating highly energetic pulses in optical fibers.
Akhmediev, N.; Ankiewicz, A. [Optical Sciences Group, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200 (Australia); Soto-Crespo, J. M. [Instituto de Optica, CSIC, Serrano 121, 28006 Madrid (Spain)
Wave Breaking Dissipation Observed with �SWIFT� Drifters
Energy dissipation rates during ocean wave breaking are estimated from high-resolution profiles of turbulent velocities collected within 1 m of the surface. The velocity profiles are obtained from a pulse-coherent acoustic Doppler sonar on a wave-...
Jim Thomson
Eady Edge Waves and Rapid Development
Perturbations of the classical Eady model are treated in terms of the system's two intrinsic baroclinic edge waves. This provides a simple quantitative example of the wave coupling interpretation of quasigeostrophic instability and a compact ...
H. C. Davies; C. H. Bishop
The Dynamic Balance of Internal Waves
For oceanic internal waves with vertical scales larger than 1 m the evolution of the spectrum is adequately described by weak-interaction theory. Based on simple physical arguments, a model for internal-wave energy dissipation predicts ...
C. Henry McComas; Peter M�ller
Energy Transmission by Barotropic Rossby Waves Revisited
This article presents a semianalytic method to investigate the properties of energy transmission across bottom topography by barotropic Rossby waves. The method is first used to revisit the analytical estimates derived from wave-matching ...
R. P. Matano; E. D. Palma
Resonant Planetary Waves in a Spherical Atmosphere
A global model of planetary wave propagation in a spherical atmosphere is used to examine the spectrum of free or resonant planetary waves of the solstitial stratosphere. These free modes are located by forcing the model with a weak periodic ...
Mark R. Schoeberl; John H. E. Clark
Mesoscale Energy Spectra of Moist Baroclinic Waves
The role of moist processes in the development of the mesoscale kinetic energy spectrum is investigated with numerical simulations of idealized moist baroclinic waves. Dry baroclinic waves yield upper-tropospheric kinetic energy spectra that ...
Michael L. Waite; Chris Snyder
Radiative Forcing of Stationary Planetary Waves
The stationary wave components of the planetary-scale circulation are maintained by topographic forcing and by latent and sensible heat transfers and radiation. These waves have a potential vorticity balance mainly due to vertically differential ...
Leo J. Donner; Hsiao-Lan Kuo
Rossby Wave Propagation an Beta-Planes
The numerical modeling of stratospheric, quasi-geostrophic Rossby wave propagation on a beta-plane channel is examined to determine how wave propagation is affected by the use of low horizontal (spectral) resolution. This study considers time ...
Donal O'Sullivan
Worldwide Measurements of Directional Wave Spreading
The directional spreading of waves is important for both theoretical and practical reasons. Enough measurements have now been made to draw conclusions about the behavior of wave spreading at sites in different climatic regimes. The measurements ...
George Z. Forristall; Kevin C. Ewans
Generation of sand bars under surface waves
(cont.) Experiments were performed in a large wave flume to validate the theory and to study additional aspects of sand bar evolution. The wave envelope and bar profile were recorded for low and high beach reflection, ...
Hancock, Matthew James, 1975-
Wind effects on shoaling wave shape
breaking in the presence of wind drift and swell. J. Fluidlin, 1995: Asymmetry of wind waves studied in a laboratorycoupling between swell and wind-waves. J. Phys. Oceanogr. ,
Feddersen, F; Veron, F
Inertia�Gravity Waves in the Stratosphere
The propagation and refraction of stationary inertia�gravity waves in the winter stratosphere is examined with ray tracing. Due to their smaller vertical group velocity these waves experience more lateral ray movement and horizontal refraction ...
Timothy J. Dunkerton
Enhanced and Inhibited Gravity Wave Spectra
Balloon measurements were used to investigate gravity waves in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere above the Canadian high Arctic. The amount of gravity wave activity in the stratosphere was found to be related to particular ...
James A. Whiteway
Wave-driven Countercurrent Plasma Centrifuge
A method for driving rotation and a countercurrent flow in a fully ionized plasma centrifuge is described. The rotation is produced by radiofrequency waves near the cyclotron resonance. The wave energy is transferred into potential energy in a manner similar to the ? channeling effect. The countercurrent flow may also be driven by radiofrequency waves. By driving both the rotation and the flow pattern using waves instead of electrodes, physical and engineering issues may be avoided.
A.J. Fetterman and N.J. Fisch
Applications Guide for Guided Wave Inspection Technology
In recent years, long-range ultrasonic guided wave technology has been emerging as a quick and economical method of obtaining a comprehensive view of the condition of piping systems, tubing, and other components (including areas that are difficult to access) by launching and detecting waves from a remote accessible location. This report describes how ultrasonic guided waves can be applied for various components and systems. Guidance on surface preparation, generation of various wave modes, and interpreta...
Quantum thermal waves in quantum corrals
In this paper the possibility of the generation of the thermal waves in 2D electron gas is investigated. In the frame of the quantum heat transport theory the 2D quantum hyperbolic heat transfer equation is formulated and numerically solved. The obtained solutions are the thermal waves in electron 2D gases. As an exapmle the thermal waves in quantum corrals are described. Key words: 2D electron gas, quantum corrals, thermal waves.
J. Marciak-Kozlowska; M. Kozlowski
Shock Waves in Quasicrystals JOHANNES ROTH
Shock Waves in Quasicrystals JOHANNES ROTH Institut f�?ur Theoretische und Angewandte Physik, Universit�?at Stuttgart, D70550 Stuttgart, Germany Abstract Shock waves in quasicrystals of the AlCuLi type: at low shock wave intensity the system reacts elastically, at high intensities it is turned amorphous
Roth, Johannes
Interaction of light with gravitational waves
The physical properties of electromagnetic waves in the presence of a gravitational plane wave are analyzed. Formulas for the Stokes parameters describing the polarization of light are obtained in closed form. The particular case of a constant amplitude gravitational wave is worked out explicitly.
Shahen Hacyan
Decay of a Near-Inertial Wave
The decay of a downward propagating near-inertial wave was observed over four days. During this short period, the energy of the near-inertial wave decreased by 70%. The shear layers produced by the wave were regions of enhanced turbulent ...
Dave Hebert; J. N. Moum
Superadiabatic Excess and Gravity Wave Saturation
Attention is called to a recent calculation of the superadiabatic excess�the ratio of wave amplitude at saturation to wave amplitude at convective instability threshold�caused by a saturated gravity wave. (This excess is also referred to as the ...
J. Weinstock
Large hazardous floods as translatory waves
The theory for non-stationary flow in translatory waves is developed for an inclined plane in a prismatic channel and a funneling channel. The existence of translatory waves traveling over dry land or superimposed on constant flow is established, and ... Keywords: Flood hazard, Flow simulation, Jokulhlaup, Translatory waves
Jonas El�asson; Snorri Pall Kjaran; Sigurdur Larus Holm; Magnus Tumi Gudmundsson; Gudrun Larsen
Robots on Waves By Cianna Beltran, Editor
. The Wave Glider is about the size of a surfboard with a wave-based propulsion system and two solar panels that move across the ocean measuring weather and water quality. The goal is that these robot wave riders such as water quality and weather conditions. Photo courtesy of http://liquidr.com/ #12;Page 2Seawords, December
One of the leading models for electron acceleration in solar flares is stochastic acceleration by weakly turbulent fast magnetosonic waves ({sup f}ast waves{sup )}. In this model, large-scale flows triggered by magnetic reconnection excite large-wavelength fast waves, and fast-wave energy then cascades from large wavelengths to small wavelengths. Electron acceleration by large-wavelength fast waves is weak, and so the model relies on the small-wavelength waves produced by the turbulent cascade. In order for the model to work, the energy cascade time for large-wavelength fast waves must be shorter than the time required for the waves to propagate out of the solar-flare acceleration region. To investigate the effects of wave escape, we solve the wave kinetic equation for fast waves in weak turbulence theory, supplemented with a homogeneous wave-loss term. We find that the amplitude of large-wavelength fast waves must exceed a minimum threshold in order for a significant fraction of the wave energy to cascade to small wavelengths before the waves leave the acceleration region. We evaluate this threshold as a function of the dominant wavelength of the fast waves that are initially excited by reconnection outflows.
Pongkitiwanichakul, Peera; Chandran, Benjamin D. G. [Space Science Center and Department of Physics, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 (United States); Karpen, Judith T. [NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 (United States); DeVore, C. Richard, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com [Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375 (United States)
To Wave Or Not To Wave? Order Release Policies for Warehouses with an Automated Sorter
Wave-based release policies are prevalent in warehouses with an automated sorter, and take different
Gallien, J�r�mie
The Effects of Wave Energy Converters on a Monochromatic Wave Climate
in wave energy converters as a possible means of providing renewable energy, the effects of a wave energy The interest in renewable energies is currently increasing due to the reported rise in global temperature is that of wave energy. The research is multifaceted and includes research on the efficiency of wave energy
Fox-Kemper, Baylor
Suppression of Stationary Planetary Waves by Internal Gravity Waves in the Mesosphere
The suppression of stationary planetary waves by internal gravity waves in the mesosphere is treated using a quasi-geostrophic model on a midlatitude beta-plane. The drag forces due to internal gravity waves are parameterized based on the wave ...
Saburo Miyahara
Effects of Wave�Wave and Wave-Mean Flow Interactions on the Growth and Maintenance of Transient Planetary Waves in the Presence of a Mean Thermal Restoring Force
In order to clarify the effects of wave�wave and wave-mean flow interactions on the growth and maintenance of extratropical tropospheric transient waves in the presence of a mean thermal restoring force, numerical experiments are conducted with ...
Y. Hayashi; D. G. Golder
Interaction of Ocean Waves with a Soft Bottom
Soft muddy bottoms have significant effects on properties of water waves which propagate over them. The wave dispersion equation is modified and wave energy is dissipated by the coupling between the waves in water and those induced in the mud ...
S. V. Hsiao; O. H. Shemdin
Two Types of Wave Breaking in an Aquaplanet GCM
The characteristics of two distinct types of wave breaking in an aquaplanet general circulation model (GCM) are described. A systematic analysis of wave breaking is possible because when a baroclinic wave packet is present, the wave breaking ...
Sukyoung Lee; Steven Feldstein
Extreme wave impinging and overtopping
This investigates the velocity fields of a plunging breaking wave impinging on a structure through measurements in a two-dimensional wave tank. As the wave breaks and overtops the structure, so-called green water is generated. The flow becomes multi-phased and chaotic as a highly aerated region is formed in the flow in the vicinity of the structure while water runs up onto the structure. In this study, particle image velocimetry (PIV) was employed to measure the velocity field of the water dominant region. For measurements of an aerated region that cannot be measured by PIV, a new measurement method called bubble image velocimetry (BIV) was developed. The principle and setup of the BIV method were introduced and validated. Mean and turbulence properties were obtained through ensemble averaging repeated tests measured by both methods. The dominant and maximum velocity of the breaking wave and associated green water are discussed for the three distinct phases of the impingement-runup-overtopping sequence. The distribution of the green water velocity along the top of the structure has a nonlinear profile and the maximum velocity occurs near the front of the fast moving water. Using the measured data and applying dimensional analysis, a similarity profile for the green water flow on top of the structure was obtained, and a prediction equation was formulated. The dam breaking solution used for the green water prediction was examined with determining initial water depth based on the experiment conditions. Comparison between measurements, the prediction equation, and the dam breaking flow was made. The prediction equation and the dam break flow with appropriate initial water depth may be used to predict the green water velocity caused by extreme waves in a hurricane. To demonstrate the aeration of the breaking wave and overtopping water, void fraction was also investigated. There is strong aeration in the region of overtopping water front generated by a plunging breaker. Void fraction of overtopping water was measured using a fiber optic reflectometer (FOR). The measured velocity and void fraction were also used to estimate flow rate and water volume of overtopping water.
Ryu, Yong Uk
Statistics of Extreme Waves in Random Media
Waves traveling through random media exhibit random focusing that leads to extremely high wave intensities even in the absence of nonlinearities. Although such extreme events are present in a wide variety of physical systems and the statistics of the highest waves is important for their analysis and forecast, it remains poorly understood in particular in the regime where the waves are highest. We suggest a new approach that greatly simplifies the mathematical analysis and calculate the scaling and the distribution of the highest waves valid for a wide range of parameters.
Jakob J. Metzger; Ragnar Fleischmann; Theo Geisel
Thermal Gravitational Waves from Primordial Black Holes
Thermal gravitational waves can be generated in various sources such as, in the cores of stars, white dwarfs and neutron stars due to the fermion collisions in the dense degenerate Fermi gas. Such high frequency thermal gravitational waves can also be produced during the collisions in a gamma ray burst or during the final stages of the evaporation of primordial black holes. Here we estimate the thermal gravitational waves from primordial black holes and estimate the integrated energy of the gravitational wave emission over the entire volume of the universe and over Hubble time. We also estimate the gravitational wave flux from gamma ray bursts and jets.
C. Sivaram; Kenath Arun
Reconstruction of nonlinear wave propagation
Disclosed are systems and methods for characterizing a nonlinear propagation environment by numerically propagating a measured output waveform resulting from a known input waveform. The numerical propagation reconstructs the input waveform, and in the process, the nonlinear environment is characterized. In certain embodiments, knowledge of the characterized nonlinear environment facilitates determination of an unknown input based on a measured output. Similarly, knowledge of the characterized nonlinear environment also facilitates formation of a desired output based on a configurable input. In both situations, the input thus characterized and the output thus obtained include features that would normally be lost in linear propagations. Such features can include evanescent waves and peripheral waves, such that an image thus obtained are inherently wide-angle, farfield form of microscopy.
Fleischer, Jason W; Barsi, Christopher; Wan, Wenjie
Millimeter-wave active probe
A millimeter-wave active probe for use in injecting signals with frequencies above 50GHz to millimeter-wave and ultrafast devices and integrated circuits including a substrate upon which a frequency multiplier consisting of filter sections and impedance matching sections are fabricated in uniplanar transmission line format. A coaxial input and uniplanar 50 ohm transmission line couple an approximately 20 GHz input signal to a low pass filter which rolls off at approximately 25 GHz. An input impedance matching section couples the energy from the low pass filter to a pair of matched, antiparallel beam lead diodes. These diodes generate odd-numberd harmonics which are coupled out of the diodes by an output impedance matching network and bandpass filter which suppresses the fundamental and third harmonics and selects the fifth harmonic for presentation at an output.
Majidi-Ahy, Gholamreza (Sunnyvale, CA); Bloom, David M. (Portola Valley, CA)
OTRC Wave Basin | Open Energy Information
OTRC Wave Basin OTRC Wave Basin Jump to: navigation, search Basic Specifications Facility Name OTRC Wave Basin Overseeing Organization Texas A&M (OTRC) Hydrodynamic Testing Facility Type Wave Basin Length(m) 45.7 Beam(m) 30.5 Depth(m) 5.8 Water Type Freshwater Cost(per day) $300/hour (excluding labor) Special Physical Features 4.6m wide x 9.1m long x 16.8m deep pit with adjustable depth floor in test area Towing Capabilities Towing Capabilities Yes Maximum Velocity(m/s) 0.6 Length of Effective Tow(m) 27.4 Wavemaking Capabilities Wavemaking Capabilities Yes Maximum Wave Height(m) 0.9 Maximum Wave Height(m) at Wave Period(s) 4.0 Maximum Wave Length(m) 25 Wave Period Range(s) 4.0 Current Velocity Range(m/s) 0.6 Programmable Wavemaking Yes Wavemaking Description GEDAP 3D wave generation software, 48 hinged flap wave generator
Microsoft Word - FINAL Hydro Workshop Proceedings - Rev. 1 - FINAL.doc
Proceedings Proceedings of the Hydrokinetic and Wave Energy Technologies Technical and Environmental Issues Workshop October 26-28, 2005 Washington, D.C. Sponsored by: U.S. Department of Energy OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND RENEWABLE ENERGY Wind and Hydropower Technologies Program March 24, 2006 To access this document and presentations made at the Hydrokinetic and Wave Energy Technologies Technical and Environmental Issues Workshop visit: http://hydropower.inl.gov/hydrokinetic_wave/ The production of this document was supported by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory under the subcontract YAM-4-33-217-01. Financial support by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and the Department of Energy does not constitute an endorsement by these
Nonlinear whistler wave scattering in space plasmas
In this paper the evolution of nonlinear scattering of whistler mode waves by kinetic Alfven waves (KAW) in time and two spatial dimensions is studied analytically. The authors suggest this nonlinear process as a mechanism of kinetic Alfven wave generation in space plasmas. This mechanism can explain the dependence of Alfven wave generation on whistler waves observed in magnetospheric and ionospheric plasmas. The observational data show a dependence for the generation of long periodic pulsations Pc5 on whistler wave excitation in the auroral and subauroral zone of the magnetosphere. This dependence was first observed by Ondoh T.I. For 79 cases of VLF wave excitation registered by Ondoh at College Observatory (L=64.6 N), 52 of them were followed by Pc5 geomagnetic pulsation generation. Similar results were obtained at the Loparskaia Observatory (L=64 N) for auroral and subauroral zone of the magnetosphere. Thus, in 95% of the cases when VLF wave excitation occurred the generation of long periodic geomagnetic pulsations Pc5 were observed. The observations also show that geomagnetic pulsations Pc5 are excited simultaneously or insignificantly later than VLF waves. In fact these two phenomena are associated genetically: the excitation of VLF waves leads to the generation of geomagnetic pulsations Pc5. The observations show intensive generation of geomagnetic pulsations during thunderstorms. Using an electromagnetic noise monitoring system covering the ULF range (0.01-10 Hz) A.S. Fraser-Smith observed intensive ULF electromagnetic wave during a large thunderstorm near the San-Francisco Bay area on September 23, 1990. According to this data the most significant amplification in ULF wave activity was observed for waves with a frequency of 0.01 Hz and it is entirely possible that stronger enhancements would have been measured at lower frequencies.
Yukhimuk, V.; Roussel-Dupre, R.
Acerca de las ondas Acerca de las ondas Volver Principal ESTOY PERDIDO!!! Hablando en términos simples, una onda es algo que oscila en el tiempo y en el espacio. Las ondas se extienden de un lugar a otro. Pueden vibrar periódicamente (como el sonido de la nota de un violín) o de modo no periódico (como en el sonido de una explosión, por ejemplo.) Todas las ondas tienen las siguientes propiedades: El tamaño de la vibración se llama su amplitud. Cuán seguido ocurre la vibración es la frecuencia. La distancia que la onda ha recorrido entre dos máximos es la longitud de onda. Puesto que una onda dada se propaga a una determinada velocidad, a través de un material, si Usted incrementa la frecuencia de la onda, la distancia entre crestas disminuirá (es decir se produce una disminución
Comparisons on offshore structure responses to random waves using linear and high-order wave theories
The predicted responses of an offshore structure when the wave induced kinematics are computed from different estimation methods can change significantly. The sometimes controversial results have recently motivated the development of a new methodology for wave kinematics prediction. While the methods commonly used by the offshore industry are empirical and semi-empirical modifications of Linear (random) Wave Theory, the new approach (Hybrid Wave Model) satisfies the principles of hydrodynamics and explicitly considers the non-linear effect of the wave-wave interactions on wave elevation, kinematics and evolution. This methodology has been proven to be more accurate and reliable for the estimations of wave kinematics, but its impact on the prediction of the structural response is yet to be investigated. In this study, the performance of the new methodology arid other methods currently used for kinematics prediction was tested. The (surge) response of two offshore structures designed specially for deep-oil production was estimated using three methods (Hybrid Wave Model, Wheeler "Stretching" and Linear Extrapolation) and compared with the corresponding laboratory measurements. The wave forces were computed from the conventional Morison Equation evaluating the ambient wave kinematics from the wave elevation measurements. A numerical scheme based on a Finite Element time integration technique (Newmark-beta method) was used for the response evaluation after it had been validated and calibrated by an analytical (linear) solution and measured responses for regular waves. The comparisons between measured and predicted responses using kinematics calculated from the Hybrid Wave Model showed excellent agreement, specially for the low frequency components, while those using methods based on linear modifications rendered poor underestimations. The low frequency (peak) responses of these deep-water offshore structures were found to be greatly dominated by very low frequency wave excitations, which are mainly due to the wave-wave interactions.
Ramos Heredia, Rafael Juda
Trajectory eigenmodes of an orbiting wave source
Resonances usually result from wave superpositions in cavities where they are due to the wave spatio-temporal folding imposed by the boundaries. These energy accumulations are the signature of the cavity eigenmodes. Here we study a situation in which wave superposition results from the motion of a source emitting sustained overlapping waves. It is found that resonances can be produced in an unbounded space, the boundary conditions being now defined by the trajectory. When periodic trajectories are investigated, it is found that for a discrete subset of orbits, resonant wave modes are excited. Trajectory eigenmodes thus emerge. These modes have three attributes. Their associated resonant wave fields are the Fourier transform of the source's trajectory. They are non-radiative and they satisfy the perimeter Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization rule.
Emmanuel Fort; Yves Couder
Refrigeration system having standing wave compressor
A compression-evaporation refrigeration system, wherein gaseous compression of the refrigerant is provided by a standing wave compressor. The standing wave compressor is modified so as to provide a separate subcooling system for the refrigerant, so that efficiency losses due to flashing are reduced. Subcooling occurs when heat exchange is provided between the refrigerant and a heat pumping surface, which is exposed to the standing acoustic wave within the standing wave compressor. A variable capacity and variable discharge pressure for the standing wave compressor is provided. A control circuit simultaneously varies the capacity and discharge pressure in response to changing operating conditions, thereby maintaining the minimum discharge pressure needed for condensation to occur at any time. Thus, the power consumption of the standing wave compressor is reduced and system efficiency is improved.
Lucas, Timothy S. (Glen Allen, VA)
Property:Wave Direction | Open Energy Information
Direction Direction Jump to: navigation, search Property Name Wave Direction Property Type String Pages using the property "Wave Direction" Showing 25 pages using this property. (previous 25) (next 25) A Alden Small Flume + Uni-Directional + Alden Wave Basin + Both + C Carderock Maneuvering & Seakeeping Basin + Both + Carderock Tow Tank 2 + Uni-Directional + Carderock Tow Tank 3 + Uni-Directional + Chase Tow Tank + Uni-Directional + Coastal Harbors Modeling Facility + Uni-Directional + Coastal Inlet Model Facility + Uni-Directional + Coastal Structures Modeling Complex + Both + D Davidson Laboratory Tow Tank + Uni-Directional + DeFrees Large Wave Basin + Uni-Directional + DeFrees Small Wave Basin + Uni-Directional + H Haynes Wave Basin + Both +
Interactions and Focusing of Nonlinear Water Waves
The coupled cubic nonlinear Schr\\"odinger (CNLS) equations are used to study modulational instabilities of a pair of nonlinearly interacting two-dimensional waves in deep water. It has been shown that the full dynamics of these interacting waves gives rise to localized large-amplitude wavepackets (wave focusing). In this short letter we attempt to verify this result numerically using a Fourier spectral method for the CNLS equations.
Harihar Khanal; Stefan C. Mancas; Shahrdad Sajjadi
Excitation of a slow wave structure
The Green's function on a slow wave structure is constructed. The Green's function includes all radial modes, and for each radial mode, all space harmonics. We compare the analytic solution of the frequency response on the slow wave structure with that obtained from a particle-in-cell code. Favorable comparison is obtained when the first few lower order modes are resonantly excited. This gives some confidence in the prediction of converting a pulse train into radiation using a slow wave structure.
Zhang Peng; Lau, Y. Y. [Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2104 (United States); Hoff, Brad; French, D. M. [Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87117 (United States); Luginsland, J. W. [Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Arlington, Virginia 22203 (United States)
Lower Hybrid to Whistler Wave Conversion
In this presentation we discuss recent work concerning the conversion of whistler waves to lower hybrid waves (as well as the inverse process). These efforts have been motivated by the issue of attenuation of upward propagating whistler waves in the ionosphere generated by VLF transmitters on the ground, i.e., the 'Starks 20 db' problem, which affects the lifetimes of energetic electrons trapped in the geomagnetic field at low magnetic altitude (L). We discuss recent fluid and kinetic plasma simulations as well as ongoing experiments at UCLA to quantify linear and nonlinear mode conversion of lower hybrid to whistler waves.
Winske, Dan [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Shock Waves in Weakly Compressed Granular Media
We experimentally probe nonlinear wave propagation in weakly compressed granular media, and observe a crossover from quasi-linear sound waves at low impact, to shock waves at high impact. We show that this crossover grows with the confining pressure $P_0$, whereas the shock wave speed is independent of $P_0$ --- two hallmarks of granular shocks predicted recently. The shocks exhibit powerlaw attenuation, which we model with a logarithmic law implying that local dissipation is weak. We show that elastic and potential energy balance in the leading part of the shocks.
Siet van den Wildenberg; Rogier van Loo; Martin van Hecke
Phase-Coherent Amplification of Matter Waves
... in optical pulsed-dye laser amplifiers that are not well aligned. ... Superradiance is based on matter-wave bosonic stimulation, and thus the probability ...
Slow Wave Structures for Charged Particle Applications
of light in free space. This slower wave speed is important for acceleration of charged particles. The special shape of the cross-
Millimeter Wave Sensors for Clean Energy
Millimeter wave sensor data on refractory used for clean coal gasification will also be presented. Future applications in the area of clean energy will be�...
Millimeter-wave polarimetry instrumentation and analysis
Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) ConferenceWave Polarimetry Instrumentation and Analysis A dissertation
Bierman, Evan M.
WindWaveFloat Final Report
capacity factor, and greater stability of the electrical power delivered to the grid. The research conducted under this grant investigated the integration of several wave energy device types into the WindFloat platform. Several of the resulting system designs demonstrated technical feasibility, but the size and design constraints of the wave energy converters (technical and economic) make the WindWaveFloat concept economically unfeasible at this time. Not enough additional generation could be produced to make the additional expense associated with wave energy conversion integration into the WindFloat worthwhile.
Alla Weinstein, Dominique Roddier, Kevin Banister
Hydropower, Wave and Tidal Technologies Available for ...
Site Map; Printable Version; Share this resource. Send a link to Hydropower, Wave and Tidal Technologies Available for Licensing - Energy Innovation Portalto someone ...
Convective Generation of Gravity Waves in Venus's Atmosphere: Gravity Wave Spectrum and Momentum Transport
The emission of internal gravity waves from a layer of dry convection embedded within a stable atmosphere with static stability and zonal winds varying in height is calculated. This theory is applied to Venus to investigate whether these waves ...
Stephen S. Leroy; Andrew P. Ingersoll
On the Representation of Rossby Wave Critical Layers and Wave Breaking in Zonally Truncated Models
A detailed comparison is made between the Stewartson-Warn-Warn analytical solution for a fully nonlinear, nondiffusive Rossby-wave critical layer and a new analytical solution for the corresponding zonally truncated, �wave-mean� or �quasi-linear� ...
P. H. Haynes; M. E. McIntyre
Frontal Wave Stability during Moist Deformation Frontogenesis. Part I: Linear Wave Dynamics
It has been shown that lower tropospheric potential vorticity zones formed during moist deformation frontogenesis will support growing waves if at some time the frontogenesis ceases. In this paper, the ways in which these waves are affected by ...
Craig H. Bishop; Alan J. Thorpe
Frontal Wave Stability during Moist Deformation Frontogenesis. Part II: The Suppression of Nonlinear Wave Development
In this paper, the role of horizontal deformation and the associated frontogenetic ageostrophic circulation in suppressing the development of nonlinear waves is assessed. Unless linear barotropic frontal waves can become nonlinear, the associated ...
Baroclinic Waves with Parameterized Effects of Moisture Interpreted Using Rossby Wave Components
A theoretical framework is developed for the evolution of baroclinic waves with latent heat release parameterized in terms of vertical velocity. Both wave�conditional instability of the second kind (CISK) and large-scale rain approaches are ...
Hylke de Vries; John Methven; Thomas H. A. Frame; Brian J. Hoskins
Thermally Induced Compression Waves and Gravity Waves Generated by Convective Storms
A three-dimensional, fully compressible cloud model is used to simulate a convective storm in order to investigate the properties of compression waves and gravity waves induced by latent heat release. Time series of the low-level pressure ...
Melville E. Nicholls; Roger A. Pielke Sr.
Variational Wave Data Assimilation in a Third-Generation Wave Model
The adjoint of the wave model WAM, which runs operationally performing global wave forecast at the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, has been constructed. In this model, the nonlinear interactions are described by the discrete ...
Miriam M. De Las Heras; Gerrit Burgers; Peter A. E. M. Janssen
Dissipative Waves Excited by Gravity-Wave Encounters with the Stably Stratified Planetary Boundary Layer
We suggest that the strata of strong echo returns frequently revealed by remote-sensor records of the stably stratified planetary bound layer (PBL) represent the wavefronts of dissipative waves (viscous and thermal-conduction waves) excited by ...
William H. Hooke; R. Michael Jones
A Mesoscale Gravity Wave Event Observed during CCOPE. Part III: Wave Environment and Probable Source Mechanisms
Synoptic and special mesoscale observations taken during the Cooperative Convective Precipitation Experiment (CCOPE) are used to describe the multiscale environment of a gravity wave event, understand the wave-environment interactions that led to ...
Steven E. Koch; Paul B. Dorian
Full-wave modeling of lower hybrid waves on Alcator C-Mod
This thesis focuses on several aspects of the Lower Hybrid (LH) wave physics, the common theme being the development of full-wave simulation codes based on Finite Element Methods (FEM) used in support of experiments carried ...
Meneghini, Orso (Orso-Maria Cornelio)
Spectral Distribution of Energy Dissipation of Wind-Generated Waves due to Dominant Wave Breaking
This paper considers an experimental attempt to estimate the spectral distribution of the dissipation due to breaking of dominant waves. A field wave record with an approximately 50% dominant-breaking rate was analyzed. Segments of the record, ...
Ian R. Young; Alexander V. Babanin
Simulation of Inertia�Gravity Waves in a Poleward-Breaking Rossby Wave
Poleward-breaking Rossby waves often induce an upper-level jet streak over northern Europe. Dominant inertia�gravity wave packets are observed downstream of this jet. The physical processes of their generation and propagation, in such a ...
Christoph Z�licke; Dieter Peters
Spectral Estimates of Gravity Wave Energy and Momentum Fluxes. Part III: Gravity Wave-Tidal Interactions
An application of the gravity wave parameterization scheme developed in the companion papers by Fritts and VanZandt and Fritts and Lu to the mutual interaction of gravity waves and tidal motions is presented. The results suggest that interaction ...
Wentong Lu; David C. Fritts
Excitation of fast waves by slow waves near the lower-hybrid frequency
Resonant and non-resonant decays of short wavelength lower hybrid waves into long wave-length whistler waves and ion acoustic waves are considered. It is shown that the dominant coupling to the ion acoustic mode arises from the magnetic force producing a pressure variation along the magnetic field lines. The growth rate and the threshold condition for this decay instability compare favorably with other decay instabilities near the lower-hybrid frequency. (auth)
Berger, R. L.; Chen, L.
DeFrees Large Wave Basin | Open Energy Information
Large Wave Basin Large Wave Basin Jump to: navigation, search Basic Specifications Facility Name DeFrees Large Wave Basin Overseeing Organization Cornell University Hydrodynamics Hydrodynamic Testing Facility Type Wave Basin Length(m) 32.0 Beam(m) 0.6 Depth(m) 0.9 Water Type Freshwater Towing Capabilities Towing Capabilities None Wavemaking Capabilities Wavemaking Capabilities Yes Maximum Wave Height(m) 0.5 Maximum Wave Height(m) at Wave Period(s) 3.0 Maximum Wave Length(m) 64 Wave Period Range(s) 3.0 Current Velocity Range(m/s) 0.0 Programmable Wavemaking Yes Wavemaking Description Computer controlled 4m hydraulic wave paddle stroke allows a series of solitary waves to be generated; arbitrary wave shape possible Wave Direction Uni-Directional Simulated Beach Yes
Global Ocean Surface Wave Simulation Using a Coupled Atmosphere�Wave Model
This study describes a 29-yr (1981�2009) global ocean surface gravity wave simulation generated by a coupled atmosphere�wave model using NOAA/GFDL�s High-Resolution Atmosphere Model (HiRAM) and the WAVEWATCH III surface wave model developed and ...
Yalin Fan; Shian-Jiann Lin; Isaac M. Held; Zhitao Yu; Hendrik L. Tolman
Hollow Core Fiber Optics for Mid-Wave and Long-Wave Infrared Spectroscopy
Hollow Core Fiber Optics for Mid-Wave and Long-Wave Infrared Spectroscopy Jason M. Kriesel and testing of hollow core glass waveguides (i.e., fiber optics) for use in Mid-Wave Infrared (MWIR) and Long related applications, and fiber optics are a key enabling technology needed to improve the utility
Wave Transformation and Wave-Driven Flow across a Steep Coral Reef
Observations of waves, setup, and wave-driven mean flows were made on a steep coral forereef and its associated lagoonal system on the north shore of Moorea, French Polynesia. Despite the steep and complex geometry of the forereef, and wave ...
Stephen G. Monismith; Liv M. M. Herdman; Soeren Ahmerkamp; James L. Hench
Equatorward Propagation of Inertia�Gravity Waves due to Steady and Intermittent Wave Sources
A simple ray-tracing model for the equatorward propagation of inertia�gravity waves in the lower stratosphere is investigated. The model is based on a zonally symmetric wave source and incorporates radiative wave damping. It is shown that steady ...
Oliver B�hler
Wave polarizations for a beam-like gravitational wave in quadratic curvature gravity
We compute analytically the tidal field and polarizations of an exact gravitational wave generated by a cylindrical beam of null matter of finite width and length in quadratic curvature gravity. We propose that this wave can represent the gravitational wave that keep up with the high energy photons produced in a gamma ray burst (GRB) source.
E. C. de Rey Neto; J. C. N. de Araujo; O. D. Aguiar
Wave climate and trends for the Gulf of Mexico: A 30 year wave hindcast
This paper describes wave climate and variability in the Gulf of Mexico based on a 30-years wave hindcast. The North American Regional Reanalysis wind fields (NCEP at NOAA) are employed to drive a third generation spectral wave model with high- ...
Christian M. Appendini; Alec Torres-Freyermuth; Paulo Salles; Jose L�pez-Gonz�lez; E. Tonatiuh Mendoza
Wave Power Demonstration Project at Reedsport, Oregon
Ocean wave power can be a significant source of large?scale, renewable energy for the US electrical grid. The Electrical Power Research Institute (EPRI) conservatively estimated that 20% of all US electricity could be generated by wave energy. Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. (OPT), with funding from private sources and the US Navy, developed the PowerBuoy? to generate renewable energy from the readily available power in ocean waves. OPT's PowerBuoy converts the energy in ocean waves to electricity using the rise and fall of waves to move the buoy up and down (mechanical stroking) which drives an electric generator. This electricity is then conditioned and transmitted ashore as high?voltage power via underwater cable. OPT's wave power generation system includes sophisticated techniques to automatically tune the system for efficient conversion of random wave energy into low cost green electricity, for disconnecting the system in large waves for hardware safety and protection, and for automatically restoring operation when wave conditions normalize. As the first utility scale wave power project in the US, the Wave Power Demonstration Project at Reedsport, OR, will consist of 10 PowerBuoys located 2.5 miles off the coast. This U.S. Department of Energy Grant funding along with funding from PNGC Power, an Oregon?based electric power cooperative, was utilized for the design completion, fabrication, assembly and factory testing of the first PowerBuoy for the Reedsport project. At this time, the design and fabrication of this first PowerBuoy and factory testing of the power take?off subsystem are complete; additionally the power take?off subsystem has been successfully integrated into the spar.
Mekhiche, Mike [Principal Investigator] [Principal Investigator; Downie, Bruce [Project Manager] [Project Manager
Coupled Parabolic Equations for Wave Propagation
Coupled Parabolic Equations for Wave Propagation Kai Huang, Knut Solna and Hongkai Zhao #3; April 30, 2004 Abstract We develop an algorithm using two coupled parabolic equations for numerical simulation of wave propagation over long distances. The coupled parabolic equations are derived from a two
Zhao, Hongkai
Gravimagnetic shock waves in the anisotropic plasma
The relativistic magnetohydrodynamic equations for the anisotropic magnetoactive plasma are obtained and accurately integrated in the plane gravitational wave metrics. The dependence of the induction mechanism of the gravimagnetic shock waves on the degree of the magnetoactive plasma anisotropy is analyzed.
Yu. G. Ignatyev; D. N. Gorokhov
Atmospheric Gravity Waves and Aircraft Turbulence Encounters
We describe aircraft turbulence-atmospheric gravity wave events which occurred during a 2-day period over the Continental Divide. The waves are observed by two microbarograph networks an each side of the divide and last for several hours at a ...
A. J. Bedard Jr.; F. Canavero; F. Einaudi
Wind Effects on Shoaling Wave Shape
Near the shore, cross-shore winds strongly affect the location of the break point and the breaking-wave height. From casual observation from the beach, wind direction (onshore or offshore) and speed also appear to affect wave shape (i.e., ...
Falk Feddersen; Fabrice Veron
Microcomputer Numerical Ocean Surface Wave Model
A numerical wean surface wave model has been developed specifically to operate on desktop super micro-computers. The model uses one or more local and moving grids within which waves of importance at a location of interest are generated. Within ...
Marshall D. Earle
Retail beamed power using millimeter waves: Survey
Retail delivery of electric power through millimeter waves is relevant in developing areas where the market for communication devices outpaces the power grid infrastructure. It is also a critical component of an evolutionary path towards terrestrial ... Keywords: Micro renewable energy systems, millimeter wave, power beaming, rural India power, space power grid, systems
Narayanan Komerath; Aravinda Kar
Nonlinear inertial Alfven wave in dusty plasmas
Solitary inertial Alfven wave in the presence of positively and negatively charged dust particles is studied. It is found that electron density dips are formed in the super Alfvenic region and wave amplitude is increased for the case of negatively charged dust particles in comparison with positively charged dust particles in electron-ion plasmas.
Mahmood, S. [Theoretical Plasma Physics Division, P.O. Nilore Islamabad 44000 (Pakistan); National Center for Physics, Shadra Valley, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 44000 (Pakistan); Saleem, H. [National Center for Physics, Shadra Valley, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 44000 (Pakistan)
Sierra Wave Project Revisited: 50 Years Later
The Sierra Wave Project was the first post�World War II (WWII) mountain meteorology field experiment in the United States designed to study mountain lee-wave phenomena. In its concept, design, organization, and execution, this Air Force�funded ...
Vanda Grubi�i?; John M. Lewis
Gravity Waves, Dynamical Resistance, and Forcing Efficiency
The effect of the dynamical response associated with high-frequency gravity waves on the total energy generated by imposed heating is examined in a 2D linear compressible model. The work performed by waves against a sustained forcing is defined ...
Jeffrey M. Chagnon
Multiple Gravity-Wave Breaking Levels
It is noted that gravity waves for which |u�?c| (u�=mean flow speed, c=wave phase speed) has a sharp minimum in the upper troposphere or lower stratosphere will have decaying amplitudes above this level despite exponentially decreasing mean ...
Richard S. Lindzen
Principle Power Inc. and National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL) have completed a contract to assess the technical and economic feasibility of integrating wave energy converters into the WindFloat, resulting in a new concept called the WindWaveFloat (WWF). The concentration of several devices on one platform could offer a potential for both economic and operational advantages. Wind and wave energy converters can share the electrical cable and power transfer equipment to transport the electricity to shore. Access to multiple generation devices could be simplified, resulting in cost saving at the operational level. Overall capital costs may also be reduced, provided that the design of the foundation can be adapted to multiple devices with minimum modifications. Finally, the WindWaveFloat confers the ability to increase energy production from individual floating support structures, potentially leading to a reduction in levelized energy costs, an increase in the overall capacity factor, and greater stability of the electrical power delivered to the grid. The research conducted under this grant investigated the integration of several wave energy device types into the WindFloat platform. Several of the resulting system designs demonstrated technical feasibility, but the size and design constraints of the wave energy converters (technical and economic) make the WindWaveFloat concept economically unfeasible at this time. Not enough additional generation could be produced to make the additional expense associated with wave energy conversion integration into the WindFloat worthwhile.
Gravity waves from vortex dipoles and jets
The dissertation first investigates gravity wave generation and propagation from jets within idealized vortex dipoles using a nonhydrostatic mesoscale model. Several initially balanced and localized jets induced by vortex dipoles are examined here. Within these dipoles, inertia-gravity waves with intrinsic frequencies 1-2 times the Coriolis parameter are simulated in the jet exit region. The ray tracing analysis reveals strong variation of wave characteristics along ray paths. The dependence of wave amplitude on the Rossby number is examined through experiments in which the two vortices are initially separated by a large distance but subsequently approach each other and form a vortex dipole with an associated amplifying localized jet. The amplitude of stationary gravity waves in the simulations with a 90-km grid spacing increases nearly linearly with the square of the Rossby number but significantly more rapidly when smaller grid spacing is used. To further address the source mechanism of the gravity waves within the vortex dipole, a linear numerical framework is developed based on the framework proposed by Plougonven and Zhang (2007). Using the nonlinearly balanced fields as the basic state and driven by three types of large scale forcing, the vorticity, divergence and thermodynamic forcing, this linear model is utilized to obtain linear wave responses. The wave packets in the linear responses compare reasonably well with the MM5 simulated gravity waves. It is suggested that the vorticity forcing is the leading contribution to both gravity waves in the jet exit region and the ascent/descent feature in the jet core. This linear model is also adopted to study inertia-gravity waves in the vicinity of a baroclinic jet during the life cycle of an idealized baroclinic wave. It is found that the thermodynamic forcing and the vorticity forcing are equally important to the gravity waves in the low stratosphere, but the divergence forcing is again playing a lesser role. Two groups of wave packets are present in the linear responses; their sources appear to locate either near the surface front or near the middle/upper tropospheric jet.
Wang, Shuguang
Renormalized Resonance Quartets in Dispersive Wave Turbulence
Using the (1+1)D Majda-McLaughlin-Tabak model as an example, we present an extension of the wave turbulence (WT) theory to systems with strong nonlinearities. We demonstrate that nonlinear wave interactions renormalize the dynamics, leading to (i) a possible destruction of scaling structures in the bare wave systems and a drastic deformation of the resonant manifold even at weak nonlinearities, and (ii) creation of nonlinear resonance quartets in wave systems for which there would be no resonances as predicted by the linear dispersion relation. Finally, we derive an effective WT kinetic equation and show that our prediction of the renormalized Rayleigh-Jeans distribution is in excellent agreement with the simulation of the full wave system in equilibrium.
Lee, Wonjung [Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, 251 Mercer Street, New York, New York 10012 (United States); Kovacic, Gregor [Mathematical Sciences Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, New York 12180 (United States); Cai, David [Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, 251 Mercer Street, New York, New York 10012 (United States); Mathematics Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 (China)
Long-Wave Infrared | Open Energy Information
Long-Wave Infrared Long-Wave Infrared Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Exploration Technique: Long-Wave Infrared Details Activities (1) Areas (1) Regions (0) NEPA(0) Exploration Technique Information Exploration Group: Remote Sensing Techniques Exploration Sub Group: Passive Sensors Parent Exploration Technique: Passive Sensors Information Provided by Technique Lithology: Map characteristic minerals associated with hot springs/mineral deposits Stratigraphic/Structural: Hydrological: Thermal: Map surface temperatures Dictionary.png Long-Wave Infrared: Long Wave Infrared (LWIR) refers to multi- and hyperspectral data collected in the 8 to 15 µm wavelength range. LWIR surveys are sometimes referred to as "thermal imaging" and can be used to identify relatively warm features
MHK Technologies/New Knowledge Wind and Wave Renewable Mobile Wind and Wave
Wind and Wave Renewable Mobile Wind and Wave Wind and Wave Renewable Mobile Wind and Wave Power Plant Platform < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage New Knowledge Wind and Wave Renewable Mobile Wind and Wave Power Plant Platform.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Darrel Dammen Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Description Buoyant vessel attached to a lever the lever being attached to a stationary source like near shore Oil Rigs docks or a vessel less affected by swells and waves like large ships floating Oil rigs or boats the levers going up and down creates a torque at the pivot point by the vessel being raised and lowered this works on all size levers making it possible to collect energy from all size Waves with enough levers with in reasonable size and numbers the force can be used hydraulically mechanically or to compress air to power generators Ten tons going up and down is a lot of force when connected to a 100 so connecting to 100 tons then to 50 tons then to 25 tons then to 10 tons to 5 tons to 2 tons continuing down in size and multiplying the levers from the less affected floating object or stationary object will mean We collect energy from 1 foot to 100 foot waves and swells This Wind and Wave with 120 oarsmen showing buoyant vessels are the oarsman in this picture with hund
Factors Affecting the Accuracy of SHOWEX HF Radar Wave Measurements
Ocean Surface Current Radar (OSCR) HF radar measurements of ocean waves and currents were made during the Shoaling Waves Experiment (SHOWEX) in the fall of 1999. During some periods, at some locations, good quality wave measurements were ...
Lucy R. Wyatt; Guennadi Liakhovetski; Hans C. Graber; Brian K. Haus
Riding the Crest: A Tale of Two Wave Experiments
This paper gives a general overview of two ocean wave experiments. The experimental goals of the Surface Wave Processes Program (SWAPP) and of the Surface Wave Dynamics Experiment (SWADE) are quite different but complementary. In general terms, ...
R. A. Weller; M. A. Donelan; M. G. Briscoe; N. E. Huang
The Evolution of Inhomogeneous Wave Statistics through a Variable Medium
The interaction of ocean waves with variable currents and topography in coastal areas can result in inhomogeneous statistics because of coherent interferences, which affect wave-driven circulation and transport processes. Stochastic wave models, ...
P. B. Smit; T. T. Janssen
Simulation of Wave Breaking in One-Dimensional Spectral Environment
Results of numerical investigations, based on full dynamic equations, are presented for wave breaking in a one-dimensional environment with a wave spectrum. The breaking is defined as a process of irreversible collapse of an individual wave in ...
Dmitry Chalikov; Alexander V. Babanin
Simulations of Dissipative, Shore-Oblique Infragravity Waves
A model of forced, dissipative shore-oblique shallow water waves predicts net cross-shore infragravity wave propagation, in qualitative agreement with field observations. Forcing applied near the shore generates edge waves, whose energy is mostly ...
Stephen M. Henderson; A. J. Bowen
Observations of Steep Wave Statistics in Open Ocean Waters
A new wavelet analysis methodology is proposed to estimate the statistics of steep waves. The method is applied to open ocean wave height data from the Southern Ocean Waves Experiment (1992) and from a field experiment conducted at Duck, North ...
Nicholas Scott; Tetsu Hara; Edward J. Walsh; Paul A. Hwang
The Penetration of Mountain Waves into the Middle Atmosphere
A linear nonhydrostatic model of gravity waves forced by a bell-shaped ridge is used to investigate the penetration of mountain waves into the stratosphere and mesosphere during winter and fall. Gravity waves with horizontal scales less than 30 ...
Kinetic Energy Transfer between Internal Gravity Waves and Turbulence
We describe a reliable method for distinguishing the mean, wave and turbulence fields when internal waves with changing amplitude perturb the turbulent boundary layer. By integrating the component wave and turbulence kinetic energy budgets ...
J. J. Finnigan
Energy Dissipation of Unsteady Wave Breaking on Currents
Energy dissipation for unsteady deep-water breaking in wave groups on following and opposing currents, including partial wave-blocking conditions, was investigated by detailed laboratory measurements. A range of focusing wave conditions, ...
Aifeng Yao; Chin H. Wu
A Global Climatology of Wind�Wave Interaction
Generally, ocean waves are thought to act as a drag on the surface wind so that momentum is transferred downward, from the atmosphere into the waves. Recent observations have suggested that when long wavelength waves�which are characteristic of ...
Kirsty E. Hanley; Stephen E. Belcher; Peter P. Sullivan
Gravity Wave Generation by a Three-Dimensional Thermal Forcing
Thermal forcing is one of the mechanisms of wave generation in convection. Although it does not account for all the wave generation mechanisms, thermal forcing is a good proxy for estimating the gravity wave spectrum forced by convection. This ...
Jadwiga H. Beres
An Unusually Strong Gravity Wave over Western Washington
A mesoscale wave disturbance, observed over western Washington State, is studied through local observations and recognized by comparisons with theory as a large-amplitude gravity wave. It is shown that this gravity wave propagated over 200 km in ...
Bruce H. Bauck
The Diffraction of Kelvin Waves and Bores at Coastal Bends
Bends in coastal mountain ranges may diffract propagating atmospheric Kelvin waves and trapped coastal currents. Analytic solutions exist for the diffraction of both linear Kelvin waves and linear nonrotating gravity waves. Within the context of ...
William C. Skamarock; Joseph B. Klemp; Richard Rotunno
International Collaborative Tsunamis, Storm Surge, and Wave-Structure Interaction Research Opportunities Using the Oregon State Multidirectional Wave Basin and Large Wave Flume
Opportunities Using the Oregon State Multidirectional Wave Basin and Large Wave Flume Solomon Yim1 , Harry Yeh2 wave 0.8m high in a water depth of 1m. Its waveboards are controlled on an individual basis, making) water depth. The Wave Research Laboratory supports high resolution, large-scale experiments with dense
Yim, Solomon C.
P wave anisotropy, stress, and crack distribution at Coso geothermal...
P wave anisotropy, stress, and crack distribution at Coso geothermal field, California Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Journal Article: P wave...
California Wave Energy Partners LLC | Open Energy Information
California Wave Energy Partners LLC Jump to: navigation, search Name California Wave Energy Partners LLC Address 1590 Reed Road Place Pennington Zip 8534 Sector Marine and...
MHK Technologies/DEXA Wave Converter | Open Energy Information
Wave Technology Type Click here Attenuator Technology Description The wave energy conversion is similar to other devices There is no data publicly available currently on the...
Nano-Signals Get a Boost from Magnetic Spin Waves
Nano-Signals Get a Boost from Magnetic Spin Waves. ... Electrical measurement of spin-wave interactions of proximate spin transfer nano-oscillators. ...
Poroelastic modeling of fracture-seismic wave interaction
and dispersion of compressional waves in fluid- filled porous rocks with partial gasand dispersion of compressional waves in fluid- filled porous rocks with partial gas
Nakagawa, Seiji
Efficient Computational Methods for Water Waves via ... - CECM
notice capillary waves start to appear at the tip of the breaker. 19. Implementation Issues. ? Need to have an initial wave profile with equally spaced points to start�...
Giant waves in weakly crossing sea states
The formation of rogue waves in sea states with two close spectral maxima near the wave vectors k{sub 0} {+-} {Delta}k/2 in the Fourier plane is studied through numerical simulations using a completely nonlinear model for long-crested surface waves [24]. Depending on the angle {theta} between the vectors k{sub 0} and {Delta}k, which specifies a typical orientation of the interference stripes in the physical plane, the emerging extreme waves have a different spatial structure. If {theta} {<=} arctan(1/{radical}2), then typical giant waves are relatively long fragments of essentially two-dimensional ridges separated by wide valleys and composed of alternating oblique crests and troughs. For nearly perpendicular vectors k{sub 0} and {Delta}k, the interference minima develop into coherent structures similar to the dark solitons of the defocusing nonlinear Schroedinger equation and a two-dimensional killer wave looks much like a one-dimensional giant wave bounded in the transverse direction by two such dark solitons.
Ruban, V. P., E-mail: email@example.com [Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics (Russian Federation)
Nonlinear fan instability of electromagnetic waves
This paper studies the linear and nonlinear stages of the fan instability, considering electromagnetic waves of the whistler frequency range interacting resonantly with energetic electron fluxes in magnetized plasmas. The main attention is paid to determine the wave-particle interaction processes that can lead to the excitation of intense electromagnetic waves by nonequilibrium particle distributions involving suprathermal tails, and to explain under what conditions and through what mechanisms they can occur, develop, and saturate. This paper presents and discusses two main processes: (i) the linear fan instability and (ii) the nonlinear process of dynamical resonance merging, which can significantly amplify the energy carried by linearly destabilized waves after they saturate due to particle trapping. This study consists of (i) determining analytically and numerically, for parameters typical of space and laboratory plasmas, the linear growth rates of whistlers excited by suprathermal particle fluxes through the fan instability, as well as the corresponding thresholds and the physical conditions at which the instability can appear, (ii) building a theoretical self-consistent 3D model and a related numerical code for describing the nonlinear evolution of the wave-particle system, and (iii) performing numerical simulations to reveal and characterize the nonlinear amplification process at work, its conditions of development, and its consequences, notably in terms of electromagnetic wave radiation. The simulations show that when the waves have reached sufficient energy levels owing to the linear fan instability, they saturate by trapping particles and due to the complex dynamics of these particles in the electromagnetic fields, the resonant velocities' domains of the waves overlap and merge, meanwhile a strong increase of the wave energy occurs.
Krafft, C. [Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex (France) and University Paris Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex (France); Volokitin, A. [Space Research Institute (IKI), 117997, 84/32 Profsoyuznaya Str., Moscow (Russian Federation)
Protective, Modular Wave Power Generation System
The concept of small wave energy conversion modules that can be built into large, scalable arrays, in the same vein as solar panels, has been developed. This innovation lends itself to an organic business and development model, and enables the use of large-run manufacturing technology to reduce system costs. The first prototype module has been built to full-scale, and tested in a laboratory wave channel. The device has been shown to generate electricity and dissipate wave energy. Improvements need to be made to the electrical generator and a demonstration of an array of modules should be made in natural conditions.
Vvedensky, Jane M.; Park, Robert Y.
This patent presents a particular arrangement for delectric loading of a wave-guide carrying an electromagnetic wave in the E or TM mode of at least the second order, to reduce the power dissipated as the result of conduction loss in the wave-guide walls. To achieve this desirabie result, the effective dielectric constants in the radial direction of adjacent coaxial tubular regions bounded approximateiy by successive nodai surfaces within the electromagnetic field are of two different values alternating in the radial direction, the intermost and outermost regions being of the lower value, and the dielectric constants between nodes are uniform.
Robertson-Shersby-Harvie, R.B.; Mullett, L.B.
Ion acoustic shock waves in degenerate plasmas
Korteweg de Vries Burgers equation for negative ion degenerate dissipative plasma has been derived using reductive perturbation technique. The quantum hydrodynamic model is used to study the quantum ion acoustic shock waves. The effects of different parameters on quantum ion acoustic shock waves are studied. It is found that quantum parameter, electrons Fermi temperature, temperature of positive and negative ions, mass ratio of positive to negative ions, viscosity, and density ratio have significant impact on the shock wave structure in negative ion degenerate plasma.
Akhtar, N. [Theoretical Plasma Physics Division, PINSTECH, Nilore, Islamabad 44000 Pakistan (Pakistan); Hussain, S. [Theoretical Plasma Physics Division, PINSTECH, Nilore, Islamabad 44000 Pakistan (Pakistan); Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics, PIEAS, Nilore, Islamabad 44000 Pakistan (Pakistan)
Standing gravitational waves from domain walls
We construct a plane symmetric, standing gravitational wave for a domain wall plus a massless scalar field. The scalar field can be associated with a fluid which has the properties of 'stiff' matter, i.e., matter in which the speed of sound equals the speed of light. Although domain walls are observationally ruled out in the present era, the solution has interesting features which might shed light on the character of exact nonlinear wave solutions to Einstein's equations. Additionally this solution may act as a template for higher dimensional 'brane-world' model standing waves.
Gogberashvili, Merab [Andronikashvili Institute of Physics, 6 Tamarashvili Street, Tbilisi 0177 (Georgia); Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 3 Chavchavadze Avenue, Tbilisi 0128 (Georgia); California State University, Fresno, Physics Department, Fresno, California 93740-8031 (United States); Myrzakul, Shynaray [Department of General and Theoretical Physics, Gumilev Eurasian National University, Astana, 010008 (Kazakhstan); California State University, Fresno, Physics Department, Fresno, California 93740-8031 (United States); Singleton, Douglas [California State University, Fresno, Physics Department, Fresno, California 93740-8031 (United States); Institute of Gravitation and Cosmology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow 117198 (Russian Federation)
Sensitive interferometric video thermal wave imager
A new method of parallel thermal wave imaging is demonstrated in which the thermal wave image of a heated sample is converted into an optical phase image which is sensitively probed by a Twyman�Green interferometer. The sample is mounted onto an assembly of optical layers which acts as a temperature sensitive mirror.Heat conduction from the sample to this mirror results in a two?dimensional distribution of optical phase which is probed broadfield by the interferometer. The resulting transmission thermal wave image has characteristics analogous to those of photopyroelectric images. The interferogram produced in the interferometer may be recorded by videography
J. F. Power
Wave soldering with Pb-free solders
The manufacturing feasibility and attachment reliability of a series of newly developed lead-free solders were investigated for wave soldering applications. Some of the key assembly aspects addressed included: wettability as a function of board surface finish, flux activation and surface tension of the molten solder, solder joint fillet quality and optimization of soldering thermal profiles. Generally, all new solder formulations exhibited adequate wave soldering performance and can be considered as possible alternatives to eutectic SnPb for wave soldering applications. Further process optimization and flux development is necessary to achieve the defect levels associated with the conventional SnPb process.
Artaki, I.; Finley, D.W.; Jackson, A.M.; Ray, U. [AT and T Bell Labs., Princeton, NJ (United States); Vianco, P.T. [Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Preliminary Results of a RANS Simulation for a Floating Point Absorber Wave Energy System Under Extreme Wave Conditions
This paper presents the results of a preliminary study on the hydrodynamics of a moored floating-point absorber (FPA) wave energy system under extreme wave conditions.
Yu, Y.; Li, Y.
DeFrees Small Wave Basin | Open Energy Information
Wave Basin Wave Basin Jump to: navigation, search Basic Specifications Facility Name DeFrees Small Wave Basin Overseeing Organization Cornell University Hydrodynamics Hydrodynamic Testing Facility Type Wave Basin Length(m) 15.0 Beam(m) 0.8 Depth(m) 0.9 Water Type Freshwater Towing Capabilities Towing Capabilities None Wavemaking Capabilities Wavemaking Capabilities Yes Maximum Wave Height(m) 0.3 Maximum Wave Height(m) at Wave Period(s) 3.0 Maximum Wave Length(m) 30 Wave Period Range(s) 3.0 Current Velocity Range(m/s) 0.0 Programmable Wavemaking Yes Wavemaking Description Computer controlled hydraulic paddle, arbitrary wave shape possible Wave Direction Uni-Directional Simulated Beach Yes Description of Beach 1:10 sloping glass with dissipative horsehair covering if needed
PTC, ITC, or Cash Grant? An Analysis of the Choice Facing Renewable Power Projects in the United States
hydroelectric, and marine and hydrokinetic power, are notmarine and hydrokinetic facilities. For wind, closed-loop biomass, and geothermal power,
Bolinger, Mark
wave power density | OpenEI
power density power density Dataset Summary Description This project estimates the naturally available and technically recoverable U.S. wave energy resources, using a 51-month Wavewatch III hindcast database developed especially for this study by National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA's) National Centers for Environmental Prediction. For total resource estimation, wave power density in terms of kilowatts per meter is aggregated across a unit diameter circle. Source Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) Date Released December 05th, 2011 (2 years ago) Date Updated Unknown Keywords EPRI MHK NREL ocean Virginia Tech wave wave power density Data application/pdf icon Download Full Report (pdf, 8.8 MiB) Quality Metrics Level of Review Some Review Comment
Detectability of gravitational waves from phase transitions
Gravitational waves potentially represent our only direct probe of the universe when it was less than one second old. In particular, first-order phase transitions in the early universe can generate a stochastic background of gravitational waves which may be detectable today. We briefly summarize the physical sources of gravitational radiation from phase transitions and present semianalytic expressions for the resulting gravitational wave spectra from three distinct realistic sources: bubble collisions, turbulent plasma motions, and inverse-cascade helical magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. Using phenomenological parameters to describe phase transition properties, we determine the region of parameter space for which gravitational waves can be detected by the proposed Laser Interferometer Space Antenna. The electroweak phase transition is detectable for a wide range of parameters.
Kahniashvili, Tina [Department of Physics, Kansas State University, 116 Cardwell Hall, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 (United States); CCPP, New York University, 4 Washington Plaza, New York, New York 10003 (United States); Department of Physics, Laurentian University, Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 (Canada); National Abastumani Astrophysical Observatory, 2A Kazbegi Ave, Tbilisi, GE-0160 (Georgia); Kosowsky, Arthur [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, 3941 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260 (United States); Gogoberidze, Grigol [Department of Physics, Kansas State University, 116 Cardwell Hall, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 (United States); National Abastumani Astrophysical Observatory, 2A Kazbegi Ave, Tbilisi, GE-0160 (Georgia); Centre for Plasma Astrophysics, K.U. Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200B, 3001 Leuven (Belgium); Maravin, Yurii [Department of Physics, Kansas State University, 116 Cardwell Hall, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 (United States)
Internal Waves in Monterey Submarine Canyon
Velocity, temperature, and salinity profile surveying in Monterey Submarine Canyon during spring tide reveals an internal wave field almost an order of magnitude more energetic than that in the open ocean. Semidiurnal fluctuations and their ...
Eric Kunze; Leslie K. Rosenfeld; Glenn S. Carter; Michael C. Gregg
On single nucleon wave functions in nuclei
The strong and singular interaction between nucleons, makes the nuclear many body theory very complicated. Still, nuclei exhibit simple and regular features which are simply described by the shell model. Wave functions of individual nucleons may be considered just as model wave functions which bear little resemblance to the real ones. There is, however, experimental evidence for the reality of single nucleon wave functions. There is a simple method of constructing such wave functions for valence nucleons. It is shown that this method can be improved by considering the polarization of the core by the valence nucleon. This gives rise to some rearrangement energy which affects the single valence nucleon energy within the nucleus.
Talmi, Igal [Weizamnn Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100 (Israel)
Direct Simulation of Internal Wave Energy Transfer
A three-dimensional nonhydrostatic numerical model is used to calculate nonlinear energy transfers within decaying Garrett�Munk internal wavefields. Inviscid wave interactions are calculated over horizontal scales from about 1 to 80 km and for ...
Kraig B. Winters; Eric A. D�Asaro
Angular Momentum Transports by Moving Spiral Waves
Theoretical results based on the shallow water equations show that outgoing spiral waves generated by a nonaxisymmetric vortex can effectively remove angular momentum from the vortex, and the removal rate is sensitive to the strength of the ...
K. C. Chow; Kwing L. Chan
Climate Simulations of African Easterly Waves
The three-dimensional structure and propagation characteristics of African easterly waves for the 1986�94 period are studied with June�August European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) operational analyses, National Centers for ...
John C. Fyfe
Settling of Particles beneath Water Waves
Considered here is the motion of small particles beneath irrotational water waves. The added mass and inertial forces are shown to be an important role in the mean transport of particles. To leading order, particles are transported with a mean ...
Ian Eames
Instability Waves in the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean
Evidence is presented for the generation of planetary waves by barotropic instability within the cyclonic shear region of the Atlantic Ocean's South Equatorial Current (SEC). Immediately following the springtime intensification of the southeast ...
Robert H. Weisberg; Thomas J. Weingartner
Stable operating regime for traveling wave devices
Autophase stability is provided for a traveling wave device (TWD) electron beam for amplifying an RF electromagnetic wave in walls defining a waveguide for said electromagnetic wave. An off-axis electron beam is generated at a selected energy and has an energy noise inherently arising from electron gun. The off-axis electron beam is introduced into the waveguide. The off-axis electron beam is introduced into the waveguide at a second radius. The waveguide structure is designed to obtain a selected detuning of the electron beam. The off-axis electron beam has a velocity and the second radius to place the electron beam at a selected distance from the walls defining the waveguide, wherein changes in a density of the electron beam due to the RF electromagnetic wave are independent of the energy of the electron beam to provide a concomitant stable operating regime relative to the energy noise.
Carlsten, Bruce E. (Los Alamos, NM)
Propagating MHD waves in coronal holes
Coronal holes are the coolest and darkest regions of the solar atmosphere, as observed both on the solar disk and above the solar limb. Coronal holes are associated with rapidly expanding open magnetic fields and the acceleration of the high-speed solar wind. During the years of the solar minima, coronal holes are generally confined to the Sun's polar regions, while at solar maxima they can also be found at lower latitudes. Waves, observed via remote sensing and detected in-situ in the wind streams, are most likely responsible for the wind and several theoretical models describe the role of MHD waves in the acceleration of the fast solar wind. This paper reviews the observational evidences of detection of propa- gating waves in these regions. The characteristics of the waves, like periodicities, amplitude, speed provide input parameters and also act as constraints on theoretical models of coronal heating and solar wind acceleration.
Banerjee, D; Teriaca, L
Seafloor Pressure Measurements of Nonlinear Internal Waves
Highly resolved pressure measurements on the seafloor over New Jersey�s continental shelf reveal the pressure signature of nonlinear internal waves of depression as negative pressure perturbations. The sign of the perturbation is determined by ...
J. N. Moum; J. D. Nash
Equatorial Kelvin Waves: A UARS MLS View
Data from the Microwave Limb Sounder instrument on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite are used to compare two periods of Kelvin wave activity during different stages of the equatorial quasi-biennial oscillation. The analysis is carried out ...
Pablo O. Canziani; James R. Holton; Evan Fishbein; Lucien Froidevaux; Joe W. Waters
Stochastic Parameterization of Gravity Wave Stresses
Selective transmission of gravity waves into the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere leads to the generation of mean flows opposite to those below. This interaction is addressed in the context of a simplified transient, stochastic, ...
Wave Extremes in the Northeast Atlantic
The objective of this study is to compute 100-yr return value estimates of significant wave height using a new hindcast developed by the Norwegian Meteorological Institute. This regional hindcast covers the northeast Atlantic and spans the period ...
Ole Johan Aarnes; �yvind Breivik; Magnar Reistad
Energy Dispersion in African Easterly Waves
The existence of an upstream (eastward) group velocity for African easterly waves (AEWs) is shown based on single-point lag regressions using gridded reanalysis data from 1990 to 2010. The eastward energy dispersion is consistent with the ...
Michael Diaz; Anantha Aiyyer
Temperature Advection by Tropical Instability Waves
A numerical model of the tropical Pacific Ocean is used to investigate the processes that cause the horizontal temperature advection of tropical instability waves (TIWs). It is found that their temperature advection cannot be explained by the ...
Markus Jochum; Raghu Murtugudde
Baroclinic Stationary Waves in Aquaplanet Models
An aquaplanet model is used to study the nature of the highly persistent low-frequency waves that have been observed in models forced by zonally symmetric boundary conditions.
Giuseppe Zappa; Valerio Lucarini; Antonio Navarra
Fig. 1) is a result of wind energy input to the wave fieldcases, indicating that wind energy is not input into freelynonlinearity) allows wind energy to be preferentially put
Resonant Wave Interactions in the Equatorial Waveguide
Weakly nonlinear interactions among equatorial waves have been explored in this paper using the adiabatic version of the equatorial ?-plane primitive equations in isobaric coordinates. Assuming rigid lid vertical boundary conditions, the ...
Carlos F. M. Raupp; Pedro L. Silva Dias; Esteban G. Tabak; Paul Milewski
Barotropic Continental Shelf Waves on a ?-Plane
In this paper we consider the effect of the variation of the Coriolis parameter with latitude on barotropic shelf waves, using a ?-plane model. Solutions are constructed using the method of inner and outer asymptotic expansions, where the inner ...
A. Dorr; R. Grimshaw
Internal Gravity Wave Generation and Hydrodynamic Instability
Two mechanisms are proposed whereby internal gravity waves (IGW) may radiate from a linearly unstable region of Boussinesq parallel flow that is characterized in the far field by constant horizontal velocity and Brunt-V�is�l� frequency. Through ...
B. R. Sutherland; C. P. Caulfield; W. R. Peltier
Dissipation in Internal Tides and Solitary Waves
Solitons have been observed and studied on the Scotian Shelf using the vertical microstructure profiler EPSONDE. During one tidal cycle a packet of solitary waves has been sampled four times as it propagated onto the shelf to examine its ...
H. Sandstrom; N. S. Oakey
Genesis of Intraseasonal Oscillations and Equatorial Waves
The particular role of evaporation�wind feedback, and as well cumulus convection and dissipation, in the formation of the Madden�Julian 30�60-day intraseasonal oscillation (MJO) and equatorially trapped waves, including Kelvin, equatorial Rossby, ...
Jorgen S. Frederiksen
experiments that include offshore wind and cover a greaterwere that onshore (offshore) winds (a) moved the break-pointOCEANOGRAPHY V OLUME 35 offshore wind not only do waves
Mountain Torque and Rossby Wave Radiation
Planetary-scale orography exerts a substantial pressure drag on the atmosphere. This drag appears to be partially balanced by the convergence of momentum transports by Rossby waves induced by these mountains. Simple models of this process are ...
Joseph Egger
Energy Transport by Nonlinear Internal Waves
Winter stratification on Oregon�s continental shelf often produces a near-bottom layer of dense fluid that acts as an internal waveguide upon which nonlinear internal waves propagate. Shipboard profiling and bottom lander observations capture ...
J. N. Moum; J. M. Klymak; J. D. Nash; A. Perlin; W. D. Smyth
Travelling waves in hybrid chemotaxis models
Hybrid models of chemotaxis combine agent-based models of cells with partial differential equation models of extracellular chemical signals. In this paper, travelling wave properties of hybrid models of bacterial chemotaxis are investigated. Bacteria are modelled using an agent-based (individual-based) approach with internal dynamics describing signal transduction. In addition to the chemotactic behaviour of the bacteria, the individual-based model also includes cell proliferation and death. Cells consume the extracellular nutrient field (chemoattractant) which is modelled using a partial differential equation. Mesoscopic and macroscopic equations representing the behaviour of the hybrid model are derived and the existence of travelling wave solutions for these models is established. It is shown that cell proliferation is necessary for the existence of non-transient (stationary) travelling waves in hybrid models. Additionally, a numerical comparison between the wave speeds of the continuum models and the hybr...
Franz, Benjamin; Painter, Kevin J; Erban, Radek
Topographic Scattering of Equatorial Kelvin Waves
We develop a linear, reduced-gravity model with two active layers above a deep, resting layer to examine the scattering of equatorial Kelvin waves from meridional submarine ridges. Model ridges, idealized as infinitely long in the meridional ...
M. J. McPhaden; A. E. Gill
On the Measurement of Heat Waves
Despite their adverse impacts, definitions and measurements of heat waves are ambiguous and inconsistent, generally being endemic to only the group affected, or the respective study reporting the analysis. The present study addresses this issue by ...
S. E. Perkins; L. V. Alexander
Apparatus and method for generating mechanical waves
Mechanical waves are generated in a medium by subjecting an electromechanical element to an alternating electric field having a frequency which induces mechanical resonance therein and is below any electrical resonance frequency thereof.
Allensworth, D.L.; Chen, P.J.
Energy storage and generation from thermopower waves
The nonlinear coupling between an exothermic chemical reaction and a nanowire or nanotube with large axial heat conduction guides a self-propagating thermal wave along the nano-conduit. The thermal conduit accelerates the ...
Abrahamson, Joel T. (Joel Theodore)
Generalised Kundt waves and their physical interpretation
We present the complete family of space-times with a non-expanding, shear-free, twist-free, geodesic principal null congruence (Kundt waves) that are of algebraic type III and for which the cosmological constant ($\\Lambda_c$) is non-zero. The possible presence of an aligned pure radiation field is also assumed. These space-times generalise the known vacuum solutions of type N with arbitrary $\\Lambda_c$ and type III with $\\Lambda_c=0$. It is shown that there are two, one and three distinct classes of solutions when $\\Lambda_c$ is respectively zero, positive and negative. The wave surfaces are plane, spherical or hyperboloidal in Minkowski, de Sitter or anti-de Sitter backgrounds respectively, and the structure of the family of wave surfaces in the background space-time is described. The weak singularities which occur in these space-times are interpreted in terms of envelopes of the wave surfaces.
J. B. Griffiths; P. Docherty; J. Podolsky
Wind Waves in the Coupled Climate System
The role waves play in modulating interactions between oceans and atmosphere is emphasized. All exchanges (e.g., momentum, energy, heat, mass, radiation fluxes) are influenced by the geometrical and physical characteristics of the ocean surface, which ...
L. Cavaleri; B. Fox-Kemper; M. Hemer
Northern Winter Stationary Waves: Theory and Modeling
A review is provided of stationary wave theory, the theory for the deviations from zonal symmetry of the climate. To help focus the discussion the authors concentrate exclusively on northern winter. Several theoretical issues, including the ...
Isaac M. Held; Mingfang Ting; Hailan Wang
Propagation of Rossby Waves of Nonzero Frequency
The propagation of Rossby waves of positive and negative frequency, corresponding to eastward and westward phase speeds, respectively, is investigated. The techniques used are theoretical analysis, ray tracing, and initial value problems in ...
Gui-Ying Yang; Brian J. Hoskins
Strong Turbulence in the Wave Crest Region
High-resolution vertical velocity profiles in the surface layer of a lake reveal the turbulence structure beneath strongly forced waves. Dissipation rates of turbulence kinetic energy are estimated based on centered second-order structure ...
Johannes Gemmrich
Shear Excitation of Atmospheric Gravity Waves
Unstable Velocity shears are a Common source of vertically propagating gravity waves in the atmosphere. However, the growth rates of unstable modes predicted by linear theory cannot always amount for their observed importance.
David C. Fritts
Grading of lumber using stress waves
The goal of this research was to develop stress wave grading technology suitable for small lumber mills. Specific goals include: 1) develop an ultrasonic probe configuration to facilitate real-time grain angle and edge knot measurement, 2) determine the statistical correlation between localized stress wave indices and lumber tensile strength and 3) compare the ultrasonic technique with other nondestructive evaluation (NDE) measurements including static MOE, impact stress wave and transverse vibration. Two hundred pieces of 2 x 6 Southern Pine lumber were randomly sampled. Material properties and NDE measurements such as static MOE, impact stress wave and transverse vibration MOEs were collected for the lumber. Before proceeding with final ultrasonic testing, pilot studies were done to study the effect of the strength reducing factors, such as grain angle and edge knots, on ultrasonic wave velocity. Wave velocity decreased as grain angle increased, with more apparent loss taking place at lower angles. The presence of edge knots decreased the wave velocity as measured along the narrow edge of the lumber. Using the knowledge gained from the pilot studies an ultrasonic probe configuration was devised to detect gross grain angle and edge knots. The tests were carried on the lumber using the configuration. Statistical models from localized stress wave indices were developed to predict the tensile strength. The linear correlation between predicted and actual ultimate tensile strength was 0.724. Ultrasonic testing was a slightly better predictor of ultimate tensile strength than shortspan bending, impact stress wave and transverse vibration techniques which had linear correlations of 0.716, 0.696 and 0.716 respectively. Separately including impact stress wave and transverse vibration MOEs into the ultrasonic model resulted in improved linear correlations of 0.769 and 0.787, respectively. In summary, knowledge from this study will be useful in the continuing development of stress wave lumber grading technology. Even though the results were only slightly better than those with short span bending and transverse vibration techniques, the ultrasonic technique appears to be promising for grading of wood.
Bethi, Rajeshwar
Parametric internal waves in a compressible fluid
We describe the effect of vibration on a confined volume of fluid which is density stratified due to its compressibility. We show that internal gravity-acoustic waves can be parametrically destabilized by the vibration. The resulting instability is similar to the classic Faraday instability of surface waves, albeit modified by the compressible nature of the fluid. It may be possible to observe experimentally near a gas-liquid critical point.
Kausik S. Das; Stephen W. Morris; A. Bhattacharyay
Das, Kausik S; Bhattacharyay, A
Shock Waves and Cosmological Matrix Models
We find the shock wave solutions in a class of cosmological backgrounds with a null singularity, each of these backgrounds admits a matrix description. A shock wave solution breaks all supersymmetry meanwhile indicates that the interaction between two static D0-branes cancel, thus provides basic evidence for the matrix description. The probe action of a D0-brane in the background of another suggests that the usual perturbative expansion of matrix model breaks down.
Miao Li; Wei Song
Relativistic shock waves in viscous gluon matter
We solve the relativistic Riemann problem in viscous gluon matter employing a microscopic parton cascade. We demonstrate the transition from ideal to viscous shock waves by varying the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio $\\eta/s$ from zero to infinity. We show that an $\\eta/s$ ratio larger than 0.2 prevents the development of well-defined shock waves on timescales typical for ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. Comparisons with viscous hydrodynamic calculations confirm our findings.
I. Bouras; E. Molnar; H. Niemi; Z. Xu; A. El; O. Fochler; C. Greiner; D. H. Rischke
Shock wave propagation in vibrofluidized granular materials
Shock wave formation and propagation in two-dimensional granular materials under vertical vibration are studied by digital high speed photography. The steepen density and temperature wave fronts form near the plate as granular layer collides with vibrating plate and propagate upward through the layer. The temperature front is always in the transition region between the upward and downward granular flows. The effects of driving parameters and particle number on the shock are also explored.
Kai Huang; Guoqing Miao; Peng Zhang; Yi Yun; Rongjue Wei
Optical fiber having wave-guiding rings
A waveguide includes a cladding region that has a refractive index that is substantially uniform and surrounds a wave-guiding region that has an average index that is close to the index of the cladding. The wave-guiding region also contains a thin ring or series of rings that have an index or indices that differ significantly from the index of the cladding. The ring or rings enable the structure to guide light.
Messerly, Michael J. (Danville, CA); Dawson, Jay W. (Livermore, CA); Beach, Raymond J. (Livermore, CA); Barty, Christopher P. J. (Hayward, CA)
Subsonic Free Surface Waves in Linear Elasticity
For general anisotropic linear elastic solids with smooth boundaries, Rayleigh-type surface waves are studied. Using spectral factorizations of matrix polynomials, a self-contained exposition of the case of a homogeneous half-space is given first. The main result is about inhomogeneous anisotropic bodies with curved surfaces. The existence of subsonic free surface waves is shown by giving ray series asymptotic expansions, including formulas for the transport equation.
S�nke Hansen
Alfven wave. DOE Critical Review Series
This monograph deals with the properties of Alfven waves and with their application to fusion. The book is divided into 7 chapters dealing with linear properties in homogeneous and inhomogeneous plasmas. Absorption is treated by means of kinetic theory. Instabilities and nonlinear processes are treated in Chapters 1 to 6, and the closing chapter is devoted to theory and experiments in plasma heating by Alfven waves. (MOW)
Hasegawa, A.; Uberoi, C.
Unconditional conversion between quantum particles and waves
Wave-particle duality is a basic notion of quantum mechanics, which has largely contributed to many debates on the foundations of quantum theory. Besides this fundamental aspect of the wave-particle nature of quantum systems, recently, it turned out that, in order to construct more advanced and efficient protocols in quantum communication and information processing, it is also beneficial to combine continuous-wave and discrete-particle features in a so-called hybrid fashion. However, in traditional, quantum optical complementarity tests, monitoring the light waves would still happen in an effectively particle-like fashion, detecting the fields click by click. Similarly, close-to-classical, wave-like coherent states, as readily available from standard laser sources, or other Gaussian states generated through nonlinear optical interactions, have been so far experimentally converted into non-classical quantum superpositions of distinct waves only in a conditional fashion. Here we experimentally demonstrate the deterministic conversion of a single-photon state into a quantum superposition of two weak coherent states with opposite phases - a Schrodinger kitten state - and back. Conceptually different from all previous experiments, as being fully reversible, this can be interpreted as a quantum gate, connecting the complementary regimes of particle-like and wave-like light fields in a unitary fashion, like in a quantum computation. Such an unconditional conversion is achieved by means of a squeezing operation, demonstrating a fundamental feature of any quantum system: particle-like and wave-like properties can be reversibly altered, with no need for filtering out either through detection.
Yoshichika Miwa; Jun-ichi Yoshikawa; Noriaki Iwata; Mamoru Endo; Petr Marek; Radim Filip; Peter van Loock; Akira Furusawa
Horizon effects for surface waves in wave channels and circular jumps
Surface waves in classical fluids experience a rich array of black/white hole horizon effects. The dispersion relation depends on the characteristics of the fluid (in our case, water and silicon oil) as well as on the fluid depth and the wavelength regime. In some cases, it can be tuned to obtain a relativistic regime plus high-frequency dispersive effects. We discuss two types of ongoing analogue white-hole experiments: deep water waves propagating against a counter-current in a wave channel and shallow waves on a circular hydraulic jump.
Jannes, Gil; Chaline, Jennifer; Ma�ssa, Philippe; Mathis, Christian; Rousseaux, Germain
Experimental studies of lower hybrid wave propagation
Experimental measurements of the dispersion and damping of externally excited lower hybrid waves are presented. A multiple-ring slow-wave antenna, having 2$pi$/k/sub z/ = 23 cm, is used to excite these waves in the Princeton L3 or L4 linear devices (B = 0.5 -- 2.8 kG uniform to +- 1 percent for 1.6 m, n approximately 10$sup 10$, T/sub e/ approximately 3-5 eV, T/sub i/ less than or equal to 0.1 eV, He gas, plasma diameter approximately 10 cm). The waves are localized in a spatial wave packet that propagates into the plasma along a conical trajectory which makes a small angle with respect to the confining magnetic field. Measurements of the dependence of wavelength on frequency are in good agreement with the cold plasma dispersion relation. Measured values of the wave damping are in good agreement with Landau damping by the combination of the main body of the electron distribution and a approximately 30 percent high energy (T/sub e/ approximately 15-30 eV) electron tail. (auth)
Bellan, P.; Porkolab, M.
POINTWISE GREEN FUNCTION BOUNDS AND STABILITY OF COMBUSTION WAVES GREGORY LYNG, MOHAMMADREZA ROOFI for traveling wave solutions of an abstract viscous combustion model including both Majda's model and the full-wave) approximation. Notably, our results apply to combustion waves of any type: weak or strong, detonations or defla
Texier, Benjamin - Institut de Mathématiques de Jussieu, Université Paris 7
On Shock Waves in Models with V-Shaped Potentials
The recently found shock wave solution in the scalar field model with the field potential $V(\\phi)=|\\phi|$ is generalized to the case $V(\\phi)=|\\phi|-{1/2}\\lambda\\phi^2$. We find two kinds of the shock waves, which are analogous of compression and expansion waves. The dependence of the waves on the parameter $\\lambda$ is investigated in detail.
Pawel Klimas
'Radio Wave Cooling' Offers New Twist on Laser Cooling
'Radio Wave Cooling' Offers New Twist on Laser Cooling. From NIST Tech Beat: September 13, 2007. ...
Gravity waves excited by jets: Propagation versus generation R. Plougonven
Gravity waves excited by jets: Propagation versus generation R. Plougonven School of Mathematics September 2005. [1] Atmospheric jets are known to be an important source of inertia-gravity waves, yet mechanisms for the gravity waves, with the underlying assumption that the characteristics of the waves were
Plougonven, Riwal
A Case Study of an Unusually Intense Atmospheric Gravity Wave
A remarkable long-lived, large-amplitude gravity wave in the Carolinas and Virginia on 27 February 1984 is investigated by means of a subsynoptic-scale case study. The wave was characterized by a minor-wave of elevation followed by a sharp wave ...
Lance F. Bosart; Anton Seimon
Property:Maximum Wave Height(m) | Open Energy Information
Property Property Edit with form History Facebook icon Twitter icon » Property:Maximum Wave Height(m) Jump to: navigation, search Property Name Maximum Wave Height(m) Property Type String Pages using the property "Maximum Wave Height(m)" Showing 25 pages using this property. (previous 25) (next 25) 1 1.5-ft Wave Flume Facility + 0.2 + 10-ft Wave Flume Facility + 0.5 + 11-ft Wave Flume Facility + 0.4 + 2 2-ft Flume Facility + 0.6 + 3 3-ft Wave Flume Facility + 0.2 + 5 5-ft Wave Flume Facility + 0.5 + 6 6-ft Wave Flume Facility + 0.4 + A Alden Large Flume + 0.0 + Alden Small Flume + 0.2 + Alden Wave Basin + 0.3 + B Breakwater Research Facility + 0.0 + C Carderock Maneuvering & Seakeeping Basin + 0.6 + Carderock Tow Tank 2 + 0.6 + Carderock Tow Tank 3 + 0.6 +
An Efficient Numerical Scheme for Simulating Unidirectional Irregular Waves Based on a Hybrid Wave Model
The Unidirectional Hybrid Wave Model (UHWM) predicts irregular wave kinematics and pressure accurately in comparison with its linear counterpart and modification, especially near the free surface. Hence, in using the Morrison equation it has been employed in the computation of wave loads on a moored floating structure, such as Spar or TLP (Tension Leg Platform), which can be approximated by a slender body or a number of slender components. Dr. Jun Zhang, with his former and current graduate students, have developed a numerical code, known as COUPLE, over the past two decades, simulating 6 Degree Of Freedom (DOF) motions of a moored floating structures interacting with waves, current and wind. COUPLE employs UHWM as a module for computing wave loads on a floating structure. However, when the duration of simulating the wave-structure interaction is long, say 3 hours (typically required by the offshore industry for extreme storm cases), the computation time of using UHWM increases significantly in comparisons with the counterpart based upon linear wave theory. This study is to develop a numerical scheme which may significantly reduce the CPU time in the use of UHWM and COUPLE. In simulating irregular (or random) waves following a JONSWAP spectrum of a given cut off frequency, the number of free wave components in general grows linearly with the increase of the simulation duration. The CPU time for using a linear spectral method to simulate irregular waves is roughly proportion to N2, where N is the number of free wave components used in simulating irregular waves, while that for using a nonlinear wave model, such as UHWM, it is roughly proportional to N3. Therefore, to reduce the CPU time, the total simulation duration is divided into a number of segments. However, due to the nature of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), the connection between the two neighboring surface elevations segments is likely discontinuous. To avoid the discontinuity, an overlapped duration between the two neighboring segments is adopted. For demonstration, a free-wave spectrum is input to COUPLE for simulating the 6 DOF motions of a floating 5-MW wind turbine installed on an OC3 moored Spar and tensions in the mooring lines. It is shown that the CPU time for the above simulation for duration of 2048 seconds is reduced from more than16 hours when the irregular wave elevation and kinematics are calculated without dividing into segments to less than three hours when those are calculated by dividing into five segments.
Jia, Dongxing 1984-
Modeling the Propagation, Breaking and Drift of Ocean Surface Wave
A new model other than the classical ones given by Airy, Stokes and Gerstner for the ocean surface wave is constructed. It leads to new understandings for the wave mechanisms: (1) A wave with bigger amplitude or smaller steepness travels faster; (2) The wave breaks when the front angle is bigger than 46.3 degree; (3) The magnitude of the wave drift should be smaller than that of the known Stokes drift.
Jin-Liang Wang
Finite volume schemes for dispersive wave propagation and runup
Finite volume schemes are commonly used to construct approximate solutions to conservation laws. In this study we extend the framework of the finite volume methods to dispersive water wave models, in particular to Boussinesq type systems. We focus mainly on the application of the method to bidirectional nonlinear, dispersive wave propagation in one space dimension. Special emphasis is given to important nonlinear phenomena such as solitary waves interactions, dispersive shock wave formation and the runup of breaking and non-breaking long waves.
Dutykh, Denys; Mitsotakis, Dimitrios
MHK Technologies/WaveStar | Open Energy Information
WaveStar WaveStar < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage WaveStar.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Wave Star Energy Project(s) where this technology is utilized *MHK Projects/Wave Star Energy 1 10 Scale Model Test Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Point Absorber Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 5/6: System Integration and Technology Laboratory Demonstration Technology Description The Wave Star machine does not form a barrier against the waves - with a view to harnessing all their energy - but instead cuts in at right angles to the direction of the wave. In this way, the waves run through the length of the machine and the energy is utilized in a continuous process, which produces a smooth output. On each side of the oblong Wave Star machine, there are a number of hemisphere-shaped floats, which are half submerged in the water. When a wave rolls in, the floats are pressed up - one after the other - until the wave subsides. Each float is positioned at the end of an arm and pumps energy by the vertical movement of the waves up and down. Every time a float is raised or lowered, a piston presses oil into the machine's common transmission system. The pressure drives a hydraulic motor, which drives a generator, which produces electricity. As the machine is several wave lengths long, the floats will work continuously to harness the energy and produce a smooth output.
The Interaction of a Surface Wave with Waves on a Diffuse Interface
A resonant interaction analysis is used to study the two-dimensional interaction of a surface wave with two waves on a diffuse interface in a stratified fluid. The fluid system is modeled as a combination of two homogenous finite-depth layers ...
Mirmosadegh Jamali; Brian Seymour
The Wind-Induced Wave Growth Rate and the Spectrum of the Gravity-Capillary Waves
A form of the spectrum of gravity-capillary waves is suggested, based on a balance of the wind input, the spectral flux divergence, the viscous dissipation, and the modulation from the wave-drift interaction. The spectrum in the alongwind ...
Yuguang Liu; Xiao-Hai Yan
The Propagation of Gravity�Inertia Waves and Lee Waves under a Critical Level
As is well known, the linear dynamic equations for gravity-inertia waves are characterized by three singular levels, one being the critical level at which flow speed and wave speed are equal, and the other two at which the flow speed is equal to �...
M. G. Wurtele; A. Datta; R. D. Sharman
Baroclinic Instability and Wave-Wave Interactions in Quasi-geostrophic Error Growth
A two-level quasi-geostrophic beta-plane channel model with a smooth lower surface is used to study the dynamics of the growth of errors, with particular attention paid to the roles of wave-wave interactions via-a-vis those of baroclinic ...
David M. Straus
WRITTEN TESTIMONY OF JANE LUBCHENCO, Ph.D.
-ranging. NOAA works with the following energy sectors: offshore oil and gas (exploration and production); liquefied natural gas (LNG); hydropower; offshore and land-based wind power; hydrokinetic ocean energy (wave decisions for these renewable energy industries. NOAA's mission includes ensuring that energy exploration
Tunable damper for an acoustic wave guide
A damper for tunably damping acoustic waves in an ultrasonic waveguide is provided which may be used in a hostile environment such as a nuclear reactor. The area of the waveguide, which may be a selected size metal rod in which acoustic waves are to be damped, is wrapped, or surrounded, by a mass of stainless steel wool. The wool wrapped portion is then sandwiched between tuning plates, which may also be stainless steel, by means of clamping screws which may be adjusted to change the clamping force of the sandwiched assembly along the waveguide section. The plates are preformed along their length in a sinusoidally bent pattern with a period approximately equal to the acoustic wavelength which is to be damped. The bent pattern of the opposing plates are in phase along their length relative to their sinusoidal patterns so that as the clamping screws are tightened a bending stress is applied to the waveguide at 180/sup 0/ intervals along the damping section to oppose the acoustic wave motions in the waveguide and provide good coupling of the wool to the guide. The damper is tuned by selectively tightening the clamping screws while monitoring the amplitude of the acoustic waves launched in the waveguide. It may be selectively tuned to damp particular acoustic wave modes (torsional or extensional, for example) and/or frequencies while allowing others to pass unattenuated.
Rogers, S.C.