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Don and Maria did a celebration dance together then took a nap on the couch. The "House Of Lies" star beat out fellow nominees Jim Parsons, Alec Baldwin, Matt LeBlanc and Louis C.K. LeBlanc, Parsons and Baldwin are all former winners of the best comedy actor Golden Globe.
During his acceptance speech Don said, "This is unexpected," it was Cheadle's second Golden Globe. See a photo here.
Extra submitted this story. Copyright Extra - Excerpted here with permission.
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WASHINGTON — The Institute of Medicine, a part of the National Academies of Science, has initiated a study that will review the impact of sodium reduction efforts on public health. Specifically, an I.O.M. committee has been convened to evaluate the results, study design and methodological approaches that have been used to assess the relationship between sodium and health outcomes.
Of primary interest to the committee are the potential benefits or adverse impacts in the overall population and for population subgroups, such as those with hypertension, pre-hypertension, chronic heart failure, diabetes, persons 51 years and older, and African Americans. The I.O.M. committee will prepare a report focusing on data after 2003, but including prior data as needed on subjects such as the quality of the literature reviewed; both the benefits and adverse outcomes of reduced population sodium intake, particularly to levels of 1,500 mg to less than 2,300 mg per day, and emphasizing relevant subgroups; implications for population-based strategies to reduce sodium intake; and data and method gaps and suggested ways to address them.
1Flowers' chairman reflects on leadership, outlook for future
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1Flowers acquires Roman Meal trademark in North America
2Pension charge brings large loss for Bimbo
3Flowers' chairman reflects on leadership, outlook for future
4Dave's Killer Bread debuts White Bread Done Right
1New company buys former AnaCon Foods assets
3B.B.U.'s Rivera to chair A.S.B.
4Sodium: To reduce or not to reduce
5A.S.B. recognizes Laurie Gorton for distinguished service
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Brookhaven at Johns Creek is a John Chapman Community of homes for 55+ active adults (no one under 18 years of age eligible to reside in community). This is a gated active adult community located in North Fulton GA 30097. Opened in 2008, it is already an award winner.
Awards won are the 2009 Greater Atlanta Homebuilders Association Awards. GOLD for best amenity package, Silver for best building design for the Morningside, and Silver for best model merchandising for the Morningside. Features of the properties in Brookhaven At Johns Creek include 3 and 4-bedroom one level attached condominium floor plans. 3 to 5-bedroom one level detached homes with full finished basement option. All-brick and stone construction with inviting front porches. Bonus room with full bath in ranch villas, optional screened in porch.
Homes And Garden Condos For Sale In Brookhaven At Johns Creek More Homes For Sale In Johns Creek (Master Main Only) List prices, since the neighborhood broke ground to time of post, are between $265,000 to $585,000. The median selling price, at time of post, for both homes and properties built as attached condos, is $376,784.00 and takes about 192 Days On Market to sell in the Georgia MLS. Schools At Time Of Post Elementary: Shakerag Middle: River Trail High:Northview
Amenities include clubhouse with exercise room & kitchen, Two lighted tennis courts and walking trails, community garden, pet walk, Bocce & croquet areas, Heated Pool and gated entrance. HOA fees appear to be, at time of post, $240.00 a month with an initiation fee of $1,000.00. Directions: From Peachtree Parkway (141 Medlock Bridge Rd) North to McGinnis Ferry Rd, Right on McGinnis Ferry to 3rd traffic light, Technology Circle. Right on Technology approximately 1/2 mile. Entrance to Brookhaven At Johns Creek is on the left.
Marietta GA is located in Cobb County Georgia. With the winter season just around the corner, there is a lot of new construction wrapping up and going on.
Builders are beginning to reduce prices since the summer, with the school starting moves, completed. Feel free to visit our Remax GA local real estate web site to see New Construction for sale in the City of Marietta. New Construction Real Estate In The City Of Marietta If you are interested in a builder list of local builders, simply give us a call or email by visiting our RE/MAX website contact page and enjoy "Your Journey To Home"!
Check out the Real Estate Market Report Chart Below to see how the Zip Code area of Alpharetta and Johns Creek is doing. As you will see, in the Home Market, there were a lot of sales in July and the median selling price is between $300,000 to $400,000. When it comes to the attached home market, Townhomes and Condos, there is not a lot of inventory of sales due to the fact, there really is not a huge townhome and condo market in Alpharetta. The recent median sales price for a townhome is in the $200,000 range.
I myself wanted to know, where are the border lines in Atlanta to show where the Intown Atlanta Neighborhoods are located.
I did a little research, and wanted to share with you an Atlanta area Map showing the Intown Atlanta area.
If you are interested in seeing what is available for sale around Intown Atlanta and other Cities in Georgia, feel free to visit our Atlanta Guide Page.
Here in Atlanta, we are experiencing a rebound in the Real Estate Market.
New construction is everywhere. From Master on Main, Active Adult Communities, To Estate homes soon to be behind security gates, the areas North of Atlanta are booming!
Feel free to check out the
By Cities:
Acworth Alpharetta Atlanta Buford Canton Cumming Duluth Johns Creek Kennesaw Marietta Milton Roswell Sandy Springs Suwanee Woodstock
Builder Profiles See Builder Homes By Map
The Peachtree Heights West neighborhood of Atlanta is located in Fulton County GA just off of West Paces Ferry RD NW between Northside Drive and Piedmont Rd NE in Buckhead.
Neighbors right next door include:
Garden Hills, Peachtree Battle Alliance, Peachtree Heights East and Tuxedo Park. Real Estate And Homes For Sale In Peachtree Heights West More Like Homes For Sale In Atlanta 30305 The Community Schools At Time Of Post Elem : Brandon Middle: Sulton High : North Atlanta
Directions: For more information on this community or others around North Atlanta, be sure to visit our Real Estate website "HomeFinder" page at www.NorthAtlantaHomeTeam.com. Enjoy!
There are MANY questions about the new rules going into affect Jan 10th. QM specifically refers to Qualified Mortgages. The new laws require banks AND brokers to ensure that clients can repay their loans. Here is some information we hope you find helpful… Fiction: The points and fees cap is going to put mortgage brokers out of business. NOT TRUE…the new laws make it illegal for brokers to charge more than 3% in total lender fees. What this equates too for example is a broker or lender changing you $6,000 in their fees on a $200,000 loan. That is a LOT in fees and it is highly unusual for a lender to charge that much so this rule wouldn't affect most transactions. I would guess most originators that work on volume are making 1-1.25% on average. Well below the 3% rule. Fact: The Ability-to-Repay Rule does not cap all points and fees. Loans that are not Qualified Mortgages have no restrictions on the total amount of points and fees. From a friend of mine: "If a loan is a Qualified Mortgage, it cannot include upfront points and fees greater than 3 percent of the total loan amount. Excessive upfront fees can encourage a "take the money and run" business model, where lenders do not have a big financial incentive to evaluate the riskiness of the loan because they make most of their money at the closing table. The 3 percent cap on Qualified Mortgage fees is a reasonable limit that protects consumers and gives lenders the incentive to evaluate affordability over the life of the loan. The rule also makes allowances for smaller mortgages to ensure that responsible loans are not unintentionally affected." The CFPB (the govt agency enforcing these rules) is looking for things like ARM's, interest only loans, and loans that are over 30 years in length…these will either be disallowed or scrutinized. As always call your lender with ANY questions! Max A Kallos 404-277-5884 cell 678-298-8947 e-fax email@example.com Recognized in 'Atlanta' Magazine as a Five Star Mortgage Professional Endorsed by Emmy Winning Consumer Advocate Dale Cardwell!
For more information on this community or others around North Atlanta, be sure to visit our Real Estate website "HomeFinder" page at www.NorthAtlantaHomeTeam.com. Enjoy!
Foreclosures are also known as Bank Owned Properties. This usually occurs when a home owner is not able to keep up with the monthly mortgage payments and the home is not being paid off as it should. The bank takes the home back and sells it through an agency / broker /agent as a foreclosure. Stages Of Foreclosure Process Pre-foreclosure: Homeowners fail to pay their mortgages for a period of three to six months, during which time they are issued a warning from the lender to pay up (within three months) or lose their home. At this early stage in the game, homeowners have several options by which to delay or prevent losing their home. Auction stage: If homeowners are financially unable to meet their debts and/or fail to heed the bank's warning, they are evicted from their property, which the bank auctions off to the highest bidder. Foreclosure: If the property is not sold at auction, the home goes back on the market as a bank-owned property (typically at below market value prices). All Foreclosures In North Atlanta GA Foreclosure Real Estate For Sale Search By City Foreclosures In North Atlanta Georgia MLS
A Bit About Norcross GA Norcross is Gwinnett County's second oldest city and has played many roles in local history and development. Georgia's first rail tracks were laid in the mid-1830's, and during the years of post-Civil War Reconstruction, rail expansion led to town expansion. In 1869, Atlanta entrepreneur J.J. Thrasher purchased 250 acres around the first stop north along the proposed Richmond Danville lines, and a year later, the area was incorporated. Four settlements, Pinckneyville, Flint Hill, Beaver Ruin, and Mechanicsville, fed into the new town of Norcross, established by Jonathan Thrasher, a railroad man, who named the new town for his good friend, Jonathan Norcross, a business associate and the fourth mayor of Atlanta. Just twenty miles north of Atlanta, the City of Norcross, incorporated on October 26, 1870, was a popular business center attracting farmers to the mills as well as a resort town to which Atlanta's elite escaped the dust of the big city. Today, Norcross has the distinction of being the only location in Gwinnett County to have a district listed in the U.S. Register of Historic Places. In 1987, to enhance the historic district, the city council dedicated about $250,000 to the renovation of the downtown area. Turn-of-the-century street lighting now welcomes visitors and residents alike to beautiful tree-lined streets and brick sidewalks throughout the downtown area. Incorporated Date: October 26, 1870 Population: 9,116 Total Area: 4.2 sq miles Great Norcross Georgia Resources The City Of Norcross Website Real Estate In Norcross GA Map Of Norcross Neighborhoods Of Norcross GA Norcross Georgia City Guide BLOG Around Norcross Norcross Census & Demographic Information Norcross Schools Georgia Property Tax Information Foreclosure Search In Norcross Georgia Photos Around Norcross GA
The Enclave at Admas Oaks is located in the City of Marketta, East Cobb County, 30062 and estates are built by Rivercrest Homes. The average list price for a home in Enclave At Adams Okas is between $769,900 to $1,145,000. Most homes built between 2007 to 2012+. Most homes have between 5 to 6 bedrooms & 4.5 to 6 full and 2 half bathrooms. Homes For Sale In Enclave At Adams Oaks The average selling price for a home, at time of post, is $852,965. Schools At Time Of Post Elem: Murdock Middle: Dodgen High: Walton
Home Owner Association fees, at time of post, are $500.00 a year and the community does not have pool and tennis amenities. More Real Estate Homes For Sale In The City Of Marietta Streets in the community include Adams Oaks Landing, Adams Oaks Court, Adams Oaks Lane, Alvin Adams Ct. Directions: North on I285 travel north on Johnson Ferry Road and turn left onto Highway 120. Turn right onto Old Canton Road and then left onto Sewell Mill Road. Enclave at Adams Oaks is .5 mile on the right.
A Bit About D.R. Hortong & New D.R Horton Homes Of Acworth Georgia Today, D.R. Horton continues to demonstrate its leadership in residential development through design innovation, superior craftsmanship, and responsiveness to the needs of its customers. The simple vision that began over 30 years ago represents years of value and security when you choose D. R. Horton. Arbor Walk City of Acworth Homes For Sale In Arbor Walk Homes from the $170s at Arbor Walk Community amenities include Clubhouse, Playground, Pool, Volleyball and Tennis. Ranch and Two-Story floor plans ranging from 2,089 - 4,039 square feet. Homes showcase brick and stone accent elevations. Gourmet Kitchens with Granite Countertops and ceramic tile backsplash. Centennial Commons City of Acworth Homes For Sale In Centennial Commons Centennial Commons offers both livable ranch and two-story floor plans. Gourmet Kitchens with beautiful Granite countertops and ceramic tile backsplash. The Amenities at Centennial Commons include a Clubhouse with Fitness Center, Swimming Pool, Lighted Tennis Courts, Volleyball and Children's Playground. Centennial Lakes City Of Acworth Homes For Sale In Centennial Lakes Home & Townhome Community Homes from the $170s at Centennial Lakes. Ranch and Two-Story floor plans ranging from 1,840 - 3,905 square feet. Homes showcase brick and stone accent elevations. Centennial Lakes Amenities include a Community Clubhouse, Swimming Pool with Waterslide, Kid's Pool with Water Mushrooms, Lighted Tennis Courts, Volleyball and Children's Playground. TownHomes from the $130s in Centennial Lakes. Amenities Include Two lakes, Community Clubhouse, Olympic Sized Pool with Waterslide, Kid's Pool with Water Mushrooms, Six Lighted Tennis Courts, Basketball Court and Beach Volleyball Court. McEver Woods City of Acworth Homes For Sale In McEver Woods The homes of McEver Woods showcase brick and stone accent elevations. Gourmet Kitchens have beautiful Granite Countertops and ceramic tile backsplash. This is a beautiful Acworth swim community!
The average list price for a home in The Villas At Claremore Lake is between $170,000 to $414,149. The average selling price, at time of post, is $264,461.00.
Homes For Sale In The Villas At Claremore Lake
Schools At Time Of Post
Elem: Middle: High:
Home Owner Association fees, at time of post, are $2,100.00 a year.
More Real Estate Homes For Sale In Woodstock GA
Streets in the community include Brookes Walk, Claremore Drive and Lauren Lane.
Directions: West of Roswell Appx 8 miles on Hwy # 92 to intersection of Ragsdale Road.Turn left on Claremore Lake Drive. Drive past the lake to right on Brookes walk,2nd home on right.
Glenwood Park Located In Atlanta Georgia-Mixed Use Community Of Shops, Restaurants, Homes, Townhomes, Condos, Parks And More...
The Community Boxwood is an enclave at nine French Provencial, Georgian, and Englich Country Estates ranging in size from 4,200 to 5,400 square feet. Located in the City of Dunwoody 30338 with lot sizes approximately 15,000 square feet.
Most homes have five bedrooms, five baths and three car garages. Some master bedrooms are located on the main floor; the majority of homes have basements. Built by Bill Grant Homes and Design By Stephen Fuller. Homes For Sale In Boxwood Located in Dekalb County 30338 and built 2008+. The Street in Boxwood is known as Boxwood Place and homes start in the $900's to 1 million+. Schools At Time Of Post Elem: Vanderlyn Middle: Peachtree High: Dunwoody
A number of the lots can accommodate a pool. A convenient location on Chamblee Dunwoody Road is within walking distance to Dunwoody shops and restaurants. More Homes Built By Bill Grant Homes More Neighborhood Homes In Dunwoody Georgia Directions: FROM DUNWOODY VILLAGE SOUTH ON CHAMBLEE DUNWOODY, CROSS OVER MT VERNON AND BOXWOOD WILL BE ON THE RIGHT ABOUT 1/2 MILE. 285 W. TO CHAMBLEE DUNWOODY EX. TURN RT-SUBDIVISION ABOUT 1.5 MI ON LEFT.


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NY OKs power lines to cut reliance on Indian Point reactors
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(Reuters) - New York utility regulators on Thursday approved construction of more than $500 million worth of new power lines in the state to maintain reliability of the grid if the Indian Point nuclear power plant shuts at the end of 2015.
The New York Public Service Commission (PSC) staff said the proposed lines, which will allow more power from elsewhere in the state and region to reach the New York City area, would benefit customers whether or not Indian Point is shut.
The PSC staff estimated the new transmission lines would provide $260 million in benefits to consumers over 15 years and $670 million over 40 years, noting the benefits would be even greater if Indian Point were to shut.
A lot of power plants in upstate New York are underused because transmission lines are too congested to carry the power to the New York City area. New lines would remove some bottlenecks, allowing more power to flow downstate.
Entergy Corp (ETR.N), which owns Indian Point, wants to keep the plant's two reactors running beyond 2015 and has filed with the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) to renew the units' operating licenses for another 20 years.
New York Governor Andrew Cuomo has said he wants Indian Point to shut when its licenses expire. Nagging safety concerns about a nuclear power plant less than 50 miles from Manhattan have intensified since the Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan in 2011.
The NRC, which regulates the country's nuclear power plants, has said repeatedly that Indian Point is safe.
The two reactors at the 2,037-megawatt plant provide about a quarter of the power used in the New York City area. The reactors' operating licenses expire in 2013 and 2015.
One megawatt can power about 1,000 New York homes.
The units can continue to operate so long as the NRC relicensing process continues. Entergy has said the relicensing process could last until 2018. Some analysts have guessed Entergy would negotiate with the state to shut the reactors as soon as 2018.
The three lines are part of a proposal filed by New York power provider Consolidated Edison Inc (ED.N) and the state-owned New York Power Authority (NYPA) at the request of the PSC. They have estimated the three lines would cost about $511 million and could enter service by the summer of 2016.
The three lines are located in the Ramapo area just north of New Jersey, on Staten Island and in upstate New York.
In response to the PSC's decision, Entergy has said it believes the best reliability contingency plan would be for New York to support the continued operation of Indian Point and not spread the cost of transmission upgrades to ratepayers.
"According to the PSC, the projects it approved today are in the public interest whether or not Indian Point continues to operate. Therefore, these projects should not be viewed as replacements for Indian Point ... We remain confident that Indian Point will receive its renewed license and continue to benefit New York electric consumers for years to come," Indian Point spokesman Jerry Nappi said Thursday.
In November 2012, the PSC asked Con Edison and NYPA to develop contingency plans in case Indian Point is shut at the end of 2015.
Con Edison and NYPA filed a three-part proposal in February.
The first part, which the PSC approved in March, was for NYPA to seek proposals for about 1,350 MW of generation or transmission that could be online by June 2016.
NYPA issued a request for proposals in March with bids due in May. U.S. power company NRG Energy Inc (NRG.N) and others offered proposals.
The PSC staff on Thursday said it had a short list of generation and transmission projects under consideration but wanted to see what federal regulators decide to do about new power capacity zone in the Lower Hudson Valley that could boost prices in the area and encourage up to 1,500 MW of mothballed generation to return to service.
The second and third parts of the Con Edison/NYPA proposal were for 100 MW of demand response and energy efficiency, and the three transmission lines, which the PSC approved on Thursday.
The PSC on Thursday also approved the companies' demand response and energy efficiency proposal.
(Reporting by Scott DiSavino; Editing by David Gregorio and Bob Burgdorfer)


text: Young, Fun and Hip, the Hyper is a board created for the next generation of riders. Designed for young riders (and advanced riders under 75kg) wanting to conquer new frontiers. Whether it's paddling on a lake or ripping up your local surf break, the Hyper offers stability, perfect volume displacement plus added nose rocker to avoid nose diving especially when first learning to catch waves.


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US 20030061075 A1 Abstract A method of providing insurance coverage for a producer, the method comprising: receiving producer input data, identifying an insured value for an amount of production; and defining one or more bands of coverage for the producer based on the input data and the insured value, each band of coverage including an upper limit and a non-zero lower limit.
Claims(29) 1. A method of calculating an insurance premium for a producer based on an insured value, the method comprising:
defining a band of coverage having an upper and a lower limit; determining an expected yield for the band of coverage; simulating an expected loss for the band of coverage based on the expected yield; and calculating the insurance premium based on the expected loss and the insured value. 2. A method as in
calculating a band coverage in units of production per land area by subtracting the lower limit from the upper limit and multiplying the result thereof by the expected yield. 3. A method as in
calculating a pure rate for the band of coverage by dividing the expected loss by the band coverage. 4. A method as in
5. A method as in
6. A method as in
7. A method as in
8. A method as in
calculating a county trended yield using county crop yield data; calculating a farm yield using data specific to the producer; estimating the expected yield based on the county trended yield and the farm yield. 9. A method as in
10. A method as in
11. A method as in
Y ct =f(T)+εct
Yct is the county trended yield;
T is a year index;
f is a function form; and
εct is white-noise term for the county crop yield at year T.
12. A method as in
13. A method as in
14. A method as in
15. A method as in
Y ft =f(T)+εft
Yft is the farm yield; and
εft is white-noise term for actual farm yield at year T.
16. A method as in
17. A method as in
18. A method as in
19. A method as in
20. A method as in
initiating a bootstrapping process so as to establish a farm yield forecast based on a statistical relationship between the county trended yield and the farm yield. 21. A method as in
generating a plurality of farm yields based on a yield trigger; and calculating the expected loss as an average payout over the band of coverage based on the plurality of farm yields. 22. A method as in
23. A method of providing insurance coverage for a producer, the method comprising:
receiving producer input data; identifying an insured value for an amount of production; and defining one or more bands of coverage for the producer based on the input data and the insured value, each band of coverage including an upper limit and a non-zero lower limit. 24. A method as in
25. A method as in
prompting the producer to select one of the one or more bands of coverage. 26. A method as in
providing an insurance policy for the producer for the selected band of coverage. 27. A method as in
calculating an insurance premium for each band of coverage based on the insured value. 28. A method as in
determining an expected yield for the band of coverage; simulating an expected loss for the band of coverage based on the expected yield; and utilizing the expected loss and the insured value to calculate the insurance premium. 29. A method as in
Description [0001] This application claims the benefit and priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/291,565, filed May 17, 2001, entitled �SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPTIMIZING THE REVENUE OPPORTUNITIES OF A PRODUCER�, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. [0002] The present invention relates to a system and method for agriculture risk management. More particularly, the present invention relates to a system and method for providing insurance coverage for an agricultural producer, and in particular, wherein the producer is insured over at least one band of agricultural production. The invention further relates to a system and method for calculating an insurance premium for such insurance protection over at least one band of agricultural coverage. The system and method are implemented in computer hardware and software. [0003] Farmers face risks of adverse events, including drought, frost, disease, insects, hail, floods, fire, windstorms, etc., which has the potential of reducing crop yields and/or quality. To provide financial protection, farmers often use crop insurance as a part of their risk management program. [0004] Crop insurance is a heavily regulated industry. Insurance agents must comply with many regulations regarding the sale of crop insurance. [0005] The acreage and production information required to underwrite crop insurance policies is grouped by an insurance term called a �unit�. These unit groupings are used by the insurance company and the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation (FCIC) to calculate premium, liability, and claim payments. A unit may contain several fields owned and/or operated by the same farmer. The production history of these fields are used to calculate the insured's Actual Production History (APH), which is also maintained on a unit-basis. APH is a measure of an individual farmer's annual production of a commodity over a multi-year period. The APH serves as the basis for the farmer's �normal� crop yield in the crop insurance program. When the actual crop yield deviates by falling more than a certain percentage from the APH, an insured producer is eligible for an indemnity (loss) payment. The calculation of each unit's APH must meet many underwriting regulations as established by the FCIC. The APH has a significant impact on the insured's premium, liability, and loss processing. [0006] The total production of all fields contained within a unit is used to calculate potential loss payments. For example, if a farmer chooses to purchase coverage at a level of 75% of the unit's APH, the farmer will only receive a loss payment if the total actual and/or appraised production is less than 75% of the insured's coverage. Therefore, a farmer could have 25 acres of a 100 acre unit totally destroyed by hail, but would not be in a loss situation if the other 75 acres met or exceeded their APH for the given unit. [0007] Consequently, when several fields are grouped into one unit, the company's risk for potential claims is reduced because damage in one field may be offset by harvested production in excess of the unit's APH from other fields comprising the unit. Therefore, it is generally in the best interests of the farmer to have as many units as possible, and it is generally in the best interests of the insurance company and the FCIC to have as few units as possible. [0008] There are four basic types of crop insurance: Multi-Peril Crop Insurance, Crop Hail Insurance, Private Company �Weather� Insurance and Private Multi-Peril �Add-Ons�. Basically, all of these types of insurance protect farmers from crop losses due to natural hazards. [0009] Multi-Peril Crop Insurance [0010] Multi-Peril Crop Insurance is ordinarily available in five general forms: A. Straight Multi-Peril, B. Catastrophic (�CAT�), C. Crop Revenue Coverage (�CRC�), D. Income Protection (�IP�) and E. Group Risk Plan (�GRP�). Multi-Peril gets its name because it covers basically any naturally caused loss including Drought (55%), Excess Moisture(16%), Frost/Freeze(11%), Hail(8%), Wind(3%), Plant Disease(3%), Flood(2%), Insects(1 %), and other causes such as Wildlife (1%). The percentages indicate that particular peril's share of crop losses. [0011] All of these types of Multi-Peril Crop Insurance are federally subsidized through an agency known as the FCIC (Federal Crop Insurance Corporation). These programs are administered through private insurance companies which sell insurance and maintain records based on laws as set forth by Congress and administrative rules as set forth by the FCIC. These programs are a combination of the private insurance companies' funds and federal funds. Federal funds subsidize the actual cost of the farmer's premium, about 30%. Federal monies also guarantee payable losses as well as paying the private companies an administrative fee. This arrangement of using the private sector to sell and maintain these programs was set up 20 or 30 years ago but changes were made in the early 80's in an effort to entice more farmers to use crop insurance. [0012] The FCIC has several functions. It establishes premium rates and produces what is known as county actuarials for each crop sold in the county. It also sets the maximum price for each crop. Setting, changing, adding and deleting various administrative rules is also a function of the FCIC. [0013] The Straight Multi-Peril plan is by far the largest type of crop insurance sold. Its premise is that it guarantees bushels of production based on the farmer's actual historical average. There are two widespread misconceptions about straight multi-peril. One is that the ground/production is lumped together if one has a claim. The other is that one must use established ASCS/CFSA yields. These misconceptions are far from the truth. In the past few years new rules have made the establishment of units and creating actual production history much easier. [0014] Catastrophic insurance is the low end form of multi-peril coverage that was the minimum required in 1995 in order to be eligible for farm programs. Most farmers purchased it through their local ASCS/CFSA office for $100.00 per crop. The coverage level was 50% and the price was 60% of the maximum. It has no unit breakup, except by share one can supply actual yield history, but because the coverage is so low and there are few units, most farmers just used ASCS yields. [0015] Crop Revenue Coverage (CRC) is another form of Multi-Peril Crop Insurance. It closely resembles the Straight Multi-Peril plan in that it utilizes units, but, in addition to covering low harvest yields, there is also price protection. [0016] Depending on the crop type and the geographical (state) location where it's grown, the price (base and harvest) is based on an average of each day's closing price for a particular month. CRC is an alternative type of insurance from the Straight Multi-Peril plan or GRP (discussed below). However, one cannot buy CRC in conjunction with Straight Multi-Peril or GRP. Basically, CRC is just like the Straight Multi-Peril plan in that it is a continuous policy. The same dates are used that dictate when coverage must be applied for or changed/canceled. Premiums are due at the same time and the premiums and losses are calculated on the farmer's share of the unit. [0017] Some of the disadvantages of CRC are that with comparable coverage levels, the CRC premium is more expensive than the Straight Multi-Peril plan. Also, in some case scenarios, the farmer could receive less indemnity under CRC as compared to Straight Multi-Peril. This could happen if the Straight Multi-Peril market price was set higher than the CRC base price. [0018] Income Protection (IP) is another form of Multi-Peril Crop Insurance. It closely relates to CRC, except it cannot be broken up into units. The IP program uses a combination of actual production history (APH) and a futures average. A dollar amount of coverage per acre is what is covered, not a guarantee of a specific number of bushels per acre like Multi-Peril. Production does not have to be below a certain number of bushels to trigger a claim, it only has to be under a certain dollar amount per acre. However, unlike Straight Multi-Peril, if there are poor yields and if the price goes up, there may not be any eligibility for a claim. Another disadvantage to IP is that �overall� yield is used, and individual unit catastrophes that are covered in Straight Multi-Peril are not necessarily covered with IP. [0019] Group Risk Plan (GRP) insurance covers natural perils but is vastly different from the other forms of Multi-Peril coverage discussed above. Currently it is only available for corn, soybeans and wheat in most states. It differs from the other multi-peril forms in that individual crop production does not enter the picture. This means that if a farmer produces 50 bushels of corn, he might not collect a dime under GRP if the overall county yield was above the a set amount. The ability to assert a claim is dependent upon the county yield average as set by a national statistical service. For this type of insurance, a farmer selects a percent of the set county average for that year and a price to be paid. If the county average drops below what the farmer has selected, he has a claim. [0020] Crop Hail Insurance [0021] Hail coverage is most commonly referred to as �Basic Hail�. This type of coverage has been around for 50 to 75 years. This coverage is written by private companies and is un-subsidized. Though each company may have a few differences in coverage, a traditional basic hail policy covers hail and fire�most often stored grain and grain in transport is also covered. Basically, a farmer selects a dollar amount of coverage per acre and if hail or fire occurs, adjusters calculate a percent of loss and pay the farmer that percent times the dollar amount selected. [0022] Many farmers have hail insurance. They traditionally like it because it's been around a long time and record keeping is easy. Also hail damage is dramatic�seeing a nice field of corn ripped apart by hail in August is very upsetting�you cannot see until harvest what dry/hot weather is doing to corn pollination, in contrast. [0023] Private �Weather� Insurance [0024] There are many types/forms of this insurance offered by many private companies. Chiefly, a farmer bets against the insurance company that a certain number of inches of rain will fall before a specific date, or that it will not frost before a specific date. This insurance is most often used by specialty crop farmers such as vegetable or seed corn producers. [0025] Private Multi-Peril �Add-Ons� [0026] Many companies that write Straight Multi-Peril policies have additional optional coverages that dovetail with the Straight Multi-Peril policies. Most often a farmer must have Straight Multi-Peril coverage in order to apply for these add-ons. These add-ons are completely private and are not federally subsidized. Many farmers use these add-ons as protection against crop forward-contracting. Normally if they contract a high percent of their expected yield and if their yield comes up short they must pay the difference. With this coverage, a farmer selects the crop(s) he wants to cover and a price he wants to be paid (within limits). If the farmer's yield is below 65% of the unit's average, he is paid the price per bushel selected times the number of bushels short. [0027] One of the major drawbacks to the above types of insurance is that the insurance pays out to a farmer only when production falls below the certain percentage insured. [0028] The present invention provides a system and method of calculating an insurance premium for a producer based on an insured value, the method comprising defining a band of coverage having an upper and a lower limit, determining an expected yield for the band of coverage, simulating an expected loss for the band of coverage based on the expected yield; and calculating the insurance premium based on the expected loss and the insured value. [0029] According to the invention, the method further comprises calculating a band of coverage in units of production per land area by subtracting the lower limit from the upper limit and multiplying the result thereof by the expected yield. [0030] The invention further includes the step of calculating a pure rate for the band of coverage by dividing the expected loss by the band coverage. The step of calculating the insurance premium comprises multiplying together the band of coverage, the pure rate and the insured value. The insurance premium may be calculated by multiplying the expected loss by the insured value. The insurance premium can be calculated for more than one band of coverage. [0031] According to another aspect, the invention comprises a method of providing insurance coverage for a producer, the method comprising receiving producer input data, identifying an insured value for an amount of production; and defining one or more bands of coverage for the producer based on the input data and the insured value, each band of coverage including an upper limit and a non-zero lower limit. [0032] The present invention also relates to a revenue optimization system that is in communication with a producer input module or station so as to receive producer input data. The revenue optimization system comprises a hedging strategy module, a revenue optimization module, one or more client databases and one or more historical databases. The revenue optimization system further includes, or is connected to, an insurance policy preparation module. [0033] In operation, the revenue optimization system of the present invention receives specific producer input data from the producer input module, forwards the data to the hedging strategy module wherein a hedging strategy based on the input data is calculated. Then, the hedging strategy module output is forwarded to the revenue optimization module wherein one or more price and yield outcomes are calculated for the producer so as to optimize the producer's revenue opportunities. The present system and method provides for the revenue optimization of a producer based on that producer's specific data and provides a recommendation on a series of products, that when purchased, serve to provide an overall minimum level of revenue for the producer. [0034] The present system and method affords a producer the complete ownership of his/her production output so that the producer can benefit from any upward market price movements. The various components of the present system form safety nets to keep revenue at its highest. However, since they are packaged together, there is a greater incentive to produce as much as possible so that maximum gains in revenue can be realized, and little incentive for moral hazard as to production, care and maintenance of the growing crop. Traditional individual stand-alone products cannot provide this integrated protection. [0035] The present system and method is an entirely new approach to production agriculture risk management. It is a comprehensive agriculture risk management package that optimizes a producer's revenue opportunities by suggesting the most efficient mix of revenue insurance (both private and federally subsidized), hedging and merchandising. The present system and method eliminates the weaknesses of having stand alone risk management products by combining the comparative advantages from three different risk vehicles: revenue insurance, futures markets and grain merchandising. [0036] Unlike other individual insurance products, the present system and method provides the producer with a bundled risk management tool that protects him/her from yield risk and allows for the opportunity to capitalize on market movements. It gives producers flexibility on who they deliver to, while also building in merchandising gains. [0037] Also, the present invention requires a minimum amount of producer information to generate a producer specific rate for each band of coverage to be calculated. [0038] The invention will be described in greater detail in the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: [0039]FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the revenue optimization system of the present invention; [0040]FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the revenue optimization module of the system shown in FIG. 1. [0041] Referring now to the drawings, the present system is shown in general block-diagram form in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the revenue optimization system 10 is in communication with a producer input module 2 or station so as to receive producer input data. The revenue optimization system 10 comprises a hedging strategy module 4, a revenue optimization module 6, one or more client databases 8 and one or more historical databases 12. The revenue optimization system 10 further includes, or is connected to, an insurance policy preparation module 14. Each of these system components and their operation will be discussed in further detail below. [0042] The present invention is preferably designed to operate in a web-based or Internet-based format. With this, it is contemplated to have at least a portion of the system of the present invention resident on the hardware of a client-server system, or at least a portion provided in the form of software, such as a CD or the like, to provide access from remote user terminals. Accordingly, if the present system is implemented in a web-based environment, it will be evident that any of the modules discussed herein can be in different physical locations without interfering with the operation or utility of the system. [0043] The present system and method provides for the revenue optimization of a producer based on that producer's specific data and provides a band of coverage, which, if the actual yield of the producer falls within, pays an indemnity to the producer. As a brief example, assume a particular producer has an expected yield of 128.7 bushels/acre and has purchased a 70-90% band of coverage (90.1-115.8 bushels/acre) at an insured value of $2.10/bushel. With a 70-90% band of coverage, this producer is covered for the difference between his actual yield and the upper band limit multiplied by the insured value. If the producer has an actual yield of 102 bushels/acre, the indemnity due to the producer given the above numbers would be (115.8-102 bushels/acre)* $2.10/bushel=$28.98/acre. If the actual yield falls below the lower band limit, the entire band is payable. For example, if the producer has an actual yield of 80 bushels/acre, the indemnity due the producer would be (115.8-90.1 bushels/acre)* $2.10/bushel=$53.97/acre. [0044] With the above in mind, each of the components and their operation will now be discussed in detail. [0045] Producer Input Module or Station [0046] Preferably, the present system is implemented through a network communication such as the Internet. With that, a user or producer will access the revenue optimization system 10 via a user terminal 2, typically a personal computer, PDA, or other similar input device. However, if the present system is implemented as a dedicated system, the input terminal may be embodied as an input module which communicates and transfers the input producer data to the other modules within the system. [0047] When the user terminal 2 connects to the revenue optimization system 10, an interactive producer input screen/form is displayed. The input form/screen prompts the producer for the input of data elements used within the revenue optimization system 10. The producer input data may include location information (state and county), crop identification, practice information (irrigated, non-irrigated, etc.), acreage, actual production history data, estimated production amount, production cost per acre, fall delivery basis, spring delivery basis, storage costs, number of months of storage, current type of insurance product being used along with its coverage level and interest rate, or any combination thereof. [0048] Preferably, the producer provides the revenue optimization system 10 with six (6) to ten (10) years of Actual Production History (APH) data on his/her farm's total acres grown in a county for a selected crop and practice (irrigated, non-irrigated, all practice types, etc.). The producer's APH includes the actual farm yield for each year. The producer, however, does not need to input NASS (USDA/National Agricultural Statistical Service) county yield data. This data is preferably obtained by the present system through one or more embedded or linked historical databases 12 which will be discussed in greater detail below. Accordingly, once the specific state-county-crop-practice (irrigated, non-irrigated, all practice types, etc.) is input by the producer, a corresponding NASS data set is obtained by the present system for use in the revenue optimization calculations described below. [0049] Revenue Optimization System [0050] A. Hedging Strategy Module (ARM) [0051] The producer input data received from the producer is then used to calculate a hedging strategy by the hedging strategy module 4. As is commonly known, there is no particular formula for calculating a hedging strategy. Preferably, however, a hedging strategy is calculated wherein the positions established are above an insured or elected selling price of the producer's crop (typically, this is the price established in CRC insurance). [0052] The hedging strategy module 4 combines the benefits of sound marketing (and hedging) and the protection of revenue insurance to provide the producer with a minimum level of revenue per acre prior to planting. This module preferably utilizes standard spreadsheet programs, such as Microsoft Excel, to calculate the hedging strategy. The hedging strategy module 4 basically functions similar to the Allendale Risk Management Program (ARM), which was developed by Allendale, Inc. in 1996 in response to the Farm Act. The Allendale Risk Management Program is incorporated herein by reference. [0053] The ARM program uses a variety of tools, including regulated contracts to establish a target price, a sale price and areas through which a producer can collect �deficiency revenue� to bring total revenue to acceptable levels. ARM locks in a base revenue per acre (not per bushel), so as to establish a profit margin. [0054] The ARM program is designed to protect farmers from adverse weather risks, droughts (high prices/low yields) and overproduction (low prices/average yields), and not to optimize the farmer's revenue in all market conditions. The drawbacks to the ARM program include that the farmer's income will decline in years of little risk, and the less volatile the market, the less the benefit obtained by the farmer. Since the ARM program is well known, it will not be described in detail herein. [0055] The hedging strategy module 4 takes the producer input data, including the APH data, retrieves further client data from the one or more client databases 8, and calculates hedging revenues under fall and/or spring deliveries, hedging costs under fall and/or spring deliveries, and net gross income ($/acre) under different yield and price assumptions or scenarios. The hedging strategy module 4 then compares the scenario results with and without the ARM program to arrive at the worst net gross income scenario. Preferably, the hedging strategy module includes a processor that carries out the above calculations. This processor is preferably an IC device or the like. [0056] The one or more client databases 8 contain data such as the producer's name, address, identification number (social security number, or the like), and any combination thereof. These client databases are either internal databases or are separate external databases which are accessed and queried by the present system based on the producer's input data. In either situation, the client databases 8 return additional information about the producer to the revenue optimization system 10. After the hedging strategy module performs its calculations, it sends the updated data to the one or more client databases so that the information contained therein is the most up to date information. [0057] Also, if the information input by the producer is not complete in that the hedging strategy module cannot perform its calculations, the system preferably prompts the producer to input the missing data or required data. This procedure can be repeated as many times as needed until all the required information is received from the producer. [0058] B. Revenue Optimization Module [0059] Because the use of hedging strategies alone have certain drawbacks as described above, the revenue optimization system 10 of the present invention takes the output of the hedging strategy module and performs further calculations so as to optimize the producer's revenue opportunities. [0060] The revenue optimization module 6 utilizes the output of the hedging strategy module 4 (one or more hedging strategies) and the data from the one or more historical databases 12 to calculate one or more price and yield outcomes for particular bands of coverage for the producer so as to optimize the producer's revenue opportunities. Preferably, the one or more price and yield outcomes calculated are output and integrated into an optimization spreadsheet, which is presented to the producer. This output of the revenue optimization module 6 preferably contains one or more combinations of price and yield, in $/acre, and arranged according to a particular band of coverage for the producer according to his/her specific producer input data. [0061] Preferably, the revenue optimization module 6 exists on the same server as the hedging strategy module 4 and includes its own processor, or shares the same processor as the hedging strategy module. Simultaneous with receiving the hedging strategy module 4 output, the revenue optimization module 6 preferably accesses the one or more historical databases 12 to retrieve data specific to the producer's input data. As stated above, the historical databases 12 contain NASS county yield data and are either internal databases or separate external databases which are accessed and queried by the present system. The revenue optimization module 6 generates a listing of all combinations of price and yield outcomes for particular bands of coverage for a single producer, beginning with the worst (lowest) revenue scenario and ending with the best (highest). Similar to the hedging strategy module, the revenue optimization module can repeat the above processes of receiving the hedging strategy module output and accessing the one or more historical databases until all data required to perform the calculations is obtained. [0062] In the preferred embodiment, the revenue optimization module 6 establishes the one or more price and yield outcomes for particular bands of coverage by 1) developing an insurance yield for each insured crop, 2) determining the deductible amount of that yield and 3) calculating the amount of yield that will be protected by the policy. Preferably, the minimum deductible is 10% of the expected production and the maximum amount of coverage is 90% of expected production. However, a producer may choose to insure any amount of production from 0-90% of expected yield and may select any size deductible amount. For example, a corn farmer with an expected production of 100 bushels per acre may select to insure 25% with a deductible of 15% (i.e., a �band� from 60%-85%). This farmer would be due an indemnity if his harvested production was less than 85 bushels per acre and would be due the total amount of the insurance if his yield were less than or equal to 60 bushels per acre. [0063] To calculate the one or more price and yield outcomes for particular bands of coverage, the revenue optimization module 6 initiates three procedures, 1) a trending procedure, 2) a bootstrapping procedure and 3) a loss/cost estimation procedure. The details of each of these procedures will be outlined below. Each of these procedures can be embodied in its own module present within the revenue optimization module as shown in FIG. 2. Because each of these procedures are capable of being embodied in their own module, they can each have their own independent processor. Alternatively, they can share a processor. [0064] The Trending Procedure [0065] The trending procedure includes three steps, a farm level yield analysis, a county yield trending analysis and a calculation of expected farm yield for any particular producer based on the producer's specific data. [0066] A producer's farm yield analysis is preferably calculated as follows: Y ft =f(T)+εft [0067] wherein: [0068] Yft is the weighted average farm yield for total acres grown in a county [0069] (e.g. Bu/acre) at year t; [0070] T is the year index; [0071] εft is a white-noise term for the farm yield; and [0072] f is a function form. [0073] The function form is designed to show a statistical relationship between the yield (Yft) and the year index (T). The function form f can take two forms, linear and non-linear. An example of a linear form is Y=a+b*T, and an example of a non-linear form is Y=cTd, where a, b, c, and d are constants and/or estimated parameters. Preferably, the linear function form is Y=−500+2.55T and the non-linear form is Y 3.15T0.032. The numbers in the equations may vary from farm to farm based on the average yield levels and yield variations. [0074] In utilizing the above equation to calculate the farm trending yield, a statistical significance test is preferably used to select the best-fit trending model based on a 95% confidence level. In particular, a linear trending model is preferred. When the trending is not statistically significant at a 95% confidence level as measured by a standard student t test, a zero trending is preferable. [0075] As stated above, a producer does not need to input NASS county yield data because the revenue optimization module has embedded therein, or is linked to, one or more historical databases that contain data on all products and prices for a crop, sorted and categorized by region, and historical data related to that crop. Basically, these databases contain the Federal Government's data on crop production and are maintained by the FCIC. These databases also contain the rates for federally subsidized crop revenue insurance. [0076] Accordingly, once a specific state-county-crop-practice (irrigated, non-irrigated, and all practice) is selected by the buyer, a corresponding NASS data set is retrieved by the revenue optimization module for the county yield trending analysis. For each county, a long yield history (varying from 25-30 years of NASS data) is preferably used to estimate a county-level yield trending model. [0077] The historical databases 12 can be either internal databases which are embedded within the present system, or they can be external databases which are maintained by either the entity operating the present system or an entirely separate entity, such as the Federal Government or an agency thereof. The data from the historical databases 12 can be obtained by enabling direct access to the records of the database, wherein a query of the data is performed and the results transferred to the revenue optimization module. Also, the data from the historical databases 12 can be obtained by submitting a request to the entity that maintains the data records contained therein, wherein that entity performs the search and returns the results to the system of the present invention. [0078] The county-level yield trending analysis is preferably performed with the following equation: Y ct =f(T)+δct [0079] wherein: [0080] Yct is the county yield (e.g. Bu/acre) at year t; [0081] T is the year index; [0082] εct is the white-noise term for county yield; and [0083] f is a function form. [0084] Similar to the farm yield analysis, the function form is designed to show a statistical relationship between the yield (Yct) and the year index (T). The function form f can take two forms, linear and non-linear. An example of a linear form is Y=a+b*T, and an example of a non-linear form is Y=cTd, where a, b, c, and d are constants and/or estimated parameters. Preferably, the linear function form is Y=−500+2.55T and the non-linear form is Y=3.15T 0.032. The numbers in the equations may vary from county to county based on the average yield levels and yield variations. [0085] A statistical significance test is preferably used to select the best-fit trending model for each county-crop combination at a 95% confidence level. A student t test is also preferably conducted to validate the county yield trend at the 95% confidence level. Preferably, a linear trending analysis is utilized. [0086] Once the farm yield analysis and the county yield trending analysis are performed, a trend-adjusted yield series will be estimated for both the farm yield and county yield. Preferably, traditional econometric trend-adjusting procedures are used. The below trending-adjustment equation is preferably used to estimate the trend-adjusted yield series for both the farm and county yields: Y tr-t =Y t+(T−t)*Trending Drift [0087] wherein: [0088] Ytr-t is the trend-adjusted yield for year t (expected farm yield for year t); [0089] T is the yield for the last (latest) year in the series; [0090] t is the yield for the year to be analyzed; and [0091] Trending Drift is an econometric term that is the estimated coefficient for the year index in the trending models above. [0092] For example, if the yield data runs from 1980-1999, then the T will be the 1999 yield and the small t will be the yield from any one of the years from 1980 to 1999. Using the results of the above equation, a set of farm level expected yields are estimated by using a weighted average of the two trending drifts (i.e., the trend-adjusted yield for the farm and the trend-adjusted yield from the county). The expected farm yield is estimated as a simple average of the set of farm level expected yields. [0093] The Bootstrapping Procedure [0094] Bootstrapping is an econometric process developed in the 1950s. It is widely used to conduct statistical significance tests for estimated parameters from econometric models. Normally, it establishes a statistical or economic relationship between several variables and uses that relationship equation to simulate more observations for statistical analyses. [0095] Preferably, the bootstrapping procedure of the present invention is the same bootstrapping process used by the USDA/RMA (Risk Management Agent) in their development of the FCIC Income Protection (IP) program described above. The detailed application procedures can be found in a USDA publication, �Income Protection�, Technical Report, USDA/ERS 43-3AEK-5-8, Feb. 16, 1996, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. This bootstrapping process establishes a statistical relationship between the farm and county yield history. The underlying assumption in the process is that a farmer's production variability can be decomposed into (1) the variability common to all farms in the county (i.e., county variability) and (2) the residual variability remaining after the county variability is expunged from the total farm level variability due to the farm-specific production characteristics. [0096] A bootstrapping equation is used to simulate farm level yields (farm level sampling) beyond the 6-10 historical data points provided by the producer. This equation can be described as:
[0097] The Predicted County Yield is based on the county trending analysis described above using the actual NASS county yield data. The bootstrap process then applies the results of the county trending analysis to predict (recast or re-calculate) what the county yield is statistically. [0098] With respect to the Farm-County Yield Variability Decomposition, a producer's yield variability can be decomposed into two parts (I) the part due to farm level variations (e.g., farm management) and (II) county level variations (e.g., soil type). The Farm-County Yield Variability Decomposition is calculated in three steps: [0099] (1) Calculate the mean of county and farm yield; [0100] (2) Calculate county and farm yield deviations from their respective means; and [0101] (3) Calculate the difference between county and farm yield deviations. The output from step (3) is the Farm-County Yield Variability Decomposition value. [0102] The County Yield Residual calculation is a straightforward calculation. It is calculated as the difference between the actual county yield and the predicted county yield. [0103] The value of the Farm Yield Sampling is then generated by a random sampling or simulation process. First, the mean difference between the county and farm average yield for a selected period (preferably a minimum of 6 years) is calculated. Then, a randomly selected number from the calculated Predicted County Yield, the Farm-County Yield Variability Decomposition and the County Yield Residuals, respectively, are added to the mean difference between the county and farm average yield for the selected period. This process is preferably repeated 10,000 times until a statistically sound estimate of the farm yield average and the variability is calculated. [0104] The Loss/Cost Estimation Procedure [0105] The above described sampling/simulation procedures are repeated until 10,000 random farm yields are generated and these simulated yields are compared with a yield trigger defined by each band of coverage. The trigger will start at the point defined by the upper band of coverage multiplied by the farm expected yield and will not extend beyond the point defined by the lower band of coverage multiplied by the farm expected yield. For example, if the farm expected yield was 151 bushels per acre and the band of coverage is 70-90%, then the trigger will start at 136 bushels/acre (90% * 151 bushels/acre=136 bushels/acre) and not extend beyond 106 bushels/acre (70% * 151 bushels/acre=106 bushels/acre). [0106] Thereafter an actuarial expected loss is calculated as the average payout over each band based on the 10,000 simulations. In the example described below, the expected loss for the 70-90% band is 4.3 bu/acre, and the corresponding pure rate is estimated to be 0.1431 (0.1431=4.3/30.2). The pure rate is calculated as the expected loss divided by the number of bushels/acre included within the band of coverage. The number of bushels/acre within the band of coverage is calculated by subtracting the lower band of coverage from the upper band of coverage, and then multiplying the result by the expected yield as calculated above. [0107] Then, the cost per acre for the particular band of coverage is calculated for the farmer based on his/her specific data. The cost per acre for each band of coverage is calculated by multiplying the number of bushels within the band of coverage, the pure rate for that band of coverage and the price (in $/bushel) selected by the farmer. This cost per acre is calculated for one or more bands of coverage and represents the one or more price and yield outcomes. Then, these results are transmitted to the producer for his/her review. [0108] After being presented with the one or more price and yield outcomes, the producer is then asked to select a desired �band� of coverage for purchase, if any. When the producer indicates that he/she wishes to purchase a particular �band� of coverage, the information regarding the producer and the selected �band� of coverage is transmitted to an insurance policy preparation module 14 for preparation of the insurance policy. The insurance policy preparation module 14 may be an integral, fully automated system that receives the relevant information electronically so as to write the policy and forward the same to the producer. It is also contemplated that the insurance policy preparation module 14 may be a person which receives the information electronically (e-mail) or physically (fax or mail), writes the policy, and forwards the same to the producer. [0109] The following is an example of implementation of the above described system and method. In this example, the producer, Farmer Joe, produces corn for grain in Brown County, Nebr. and his practice type is all types (irrigated, non-irrigated, etc.) Table 1 represents Farmer Joe's specific yield for the years of 1989-1998 and the county yield for Brown County for the years 1972-1998 as obtained from the NASS historical database.
[0110] With the information input by Farmer Joe, hedging strategies are then calculated based on his specific data, using for example ARM. Thereafter, all of the foregoing information is then utilized by the revenue optimization module to calculate one or more price ($/bushel) and yield outcomes for Farmer Joe (i.e., the &/acre for a particular band of coverage, or premium). The revenue optimization module then implements the trending procedure, bootstrapping procedure and loss/cost estimation procedure described above. Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4 below represent the calculations from the farm yield analysis, the county yield trending analysis and the expected farm level yield, respectively, for Farmer Joe.
[0111] [0112] [0113] Next, the bootstrapping process is implemented as described above. Table 5 illustrates the results obtained for Farmer Joe based on his specific data and the previous calculations.
[0114] After the bootstrapping process is completed, the pure premium rates are calculated for each band of coverage as described above. Table 6 shows the pure premium rates (pure cost per acre, column (h)) for Farmer Joe based on his specific data. The bands of coverage used are 70-90%, 80-90% and 85-90%.
[0115] Then Farmer Joe is presented with the one or more price and yield outcomes (as defined by the pure cost per acre for the particular band of coverage) and asked to select a �band� he would like. Once Farmer Joe selects a band, the above information is transmitted to the insurance policy preparation module for preparation of a corresponding insurance policy which will be forwarded to Farmer Joe. Based on these price and yield outcomes, Farmer Joe can then see how he will be insured should his production either exceed, fall in or fall below the band of coverage selected for the calculated premiums. He can then decide which band to select, and accordingly, the premium he will pay per acre. [0116] Although the present invention has been described in relation to particular embodiments thereof, many other variations and modifications and other uses will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the present invention should be limited not by the specific disclosure herein, but only by the appended claims. Referenced by
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On Thursday we published an entry in our Scales of Justice column about Shane Hemsley, of Mayfield Close, Carterton, who appeared before Banbury magistrates for sentence after admitting a charge of assault.
In that item we stated that the 46-year-old was also sentenced for committing this offence while subject to a conditional discharge imposed for an offence of theft. This was incorrect.
That related to another defendant, also appearing in the same court on the same day, and we misread the court records.
We are happy to state categorically Mr Hemsley has not appeared in court on any charge related to dishonesty and we apologise to him unreservedly for this error.
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Festival voice: Tom Jones to top bill at Cornbury
12:10am Thursday 5th March 2015
CROONER Sir Tom Jones has been named as the big name headliner for this summer's Cornbury Festival.
Pedestrian seriously injured after collision with car used in petrol theft at Heyford Hill
2:38pm Wednesday 4th March 2015
A pedestrian was left with "serious injuries" after being involved in a collision with a thief's car, police said.
MP calls for a public inquiry into failures to protect girls
8:00am Wednesday 4th March 2015
CALLS for an independent inquiry into the Bullfinch child abuse scandal and police and social services' failings were growing last night.
Evidence of gang's organised abuse was ignored for years
8:00am Wednesday 4th March 2015
CHILD protection authorities feared an organised gang of paedophiles was prostituting vulnerable girls four years before Operation Bullfinch was launched – but nothing was done.
This was an honest review, says Hudspeth
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THE leader of Oxfordshire County Council said "everyone was open and honest" about the failings exposed by the Serious Case Review.
Campaigner calling for heads to roll
8:00am Wednesday 4th March 2015
A CHILD safety campaigner last night accused Joanna Simons and Sara Thornton of lacking integrity for refusing to take personal responsibility for Oxfordshire County Council and Thames Valley Police's failings.


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I have three liturgical works which have made it into the 13th exhibit at the Catholic Diocese of Austin Religious Art Gallery this spring so I am very excited for the opportunity to exhibit there! I hope some of you get out there to see it. These calligraphic pieces are works of love intended for thought and reflection; this one is selected nuggets from the Psalms (61).
God has so blessed me! Not because of anything I've done, but because of how great and faithful HE IS!
Have a delightful day! Thank you for viewing my art.


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Introducing leggings. You'll never run out of inspiration.
Just another day at the County Fair…or IS it?
My goodness I hope this is a put together photo from you ;-D
have a nice week
Yes, it is a combination of 10 different photos, all taken over about 3 hours time. The idea is that the elephant does not approve of people cooking and eating "Elephant Ears".
– Stephen D. Miller
Great compilation


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- Filed Under
Here's what we learned this half-month of May -- or think we learned:
» JR Hildebrand is going to get all the grief for the fourth-turn crash that lost Sunday's Indianapolis 500, but somebody on his team, one of his spotters, deserves some of the blame, too.
He kept hearing how Dan Wheldon and others were closing quickly on him as he continued to run conservatively and save fuel, when instead, he was comfortably ahead and could have gone through the Burger King drive-through on the way to the finish line. Instead of throttling down and cruising casually past Charlie Kimball, he rushed and ...


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'Hamlet 2' Cast & Crew
Steve Coogan +Rating: 4.5
- Dana Marschz
Steve Coogan's inspired, off-the-cuff lead performance in 2002's Brit-rock biopic 24 Hour Party People had American critics heralding the arrival of a ...more -
Catherine Keener +Rating: 4.5
- Brie Marschz
Catherine Keener ranks with Parker Posey as one of the queens of 1990s American independent cinema. A muse for director Tom Di Cillo (Johnny Suede, Living ...more -
Melonie Diaz +Rating: 4.5
- Ivonne
When the unconventionally attractive actress Melonie Diaz took her onscreen bow at the outset of the millennium, she quickly racked up a series of roles ...more -
Marshall Bell +Rating: N/A
- Principal Rocker
Bell is a supporting actor, onscreen from the '80s. ~ ...more -
David Arquette +Rating: 3.7
- Gary
Born September 8, 1971, to a family of entertainers, David Arquette is the youngest brother of actors Rosanna Arquette, Patricia Arquette, and Alexis Arquette, ...more -
Elisabeth Shue +Rating: 3.6
- Elisabeth Shue
Having journeyed from fresh-scrubbed teen stardom to virtual nonentity and then into a full-bodied critical embrace with her portrayal of a hooker with ...more -
Amy Poehler +Rating: 4.3
- Cricket Feldstein
Getting her start in a comedy team called "My Mother's Fleabag" while studying at Boston College, the frantically energized Amy Poehler has become an improv ...more -
- Avengers 2
- Marvel Phase 3
- Captain America 3
- Batman vs Superman
- Star Wars
- Game of Thrones
- Ant-Man
- Batman Vs Superman
- Captain America
- Deadpool
- Fantastic Four
- Fast and Furious
- Interstellar
- James Bond
- Jurassic Park
- Justice League
- Mad Max
- Star Trek
- Star Wars
- Terminator
- The Avengers
- The Hobbit
- The Hunger Games
- X-Men


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Remembering Robin Williams with a Look at His Best Work
By now, everyone has heard of the sad and tragic news of the passing of Robin Williams. His wife said in a statement yesterday that she would like people to remember him for all his greatness and not the way in which he died. So, here is a look at some of his best moments from TV and Movies…
I was 13 years old when 'Aladdin' hit theaters. I still know every single song by heart.
'Mrs. Doubtfire'
'Mrs. Doubtfire' is one of those iconic movies that I will watch whenever it's on TV.
Even as a children's movie, 'Jumanji' had very real and grown-up issues.
'Good Will Hunting'
Robin Williams won his first and only Oscar for an excellent role. He was so much more than just a comedian.
'The Birdcage'
As 'Good Will Hunting' showed Robin Williams and his serious acting ability – 'Birdcage' showed us his great comedic timing.
'Dead Poets Society'
A seminal movie of my childhood. Heartbreaking and real.
'Mork and Mindy'
'Mork and Mindy' was before my time, but the reruns were always great. And I just learned yesterday that Mork made his first appearance on 'Happy Days.' I had no idea.
'Good Morning, Vietnam'
Another seminal movie of my childhood. I watch this movie differently that the normal population because I am in the radio business, but it's still a great movie with a lot of heart.
'The Fisher King'
A movie that I think everyone should see is 'The Fisher King.' It shows Robin Williams and all of his quirkiness while dealing with a dark plot line.
And a scary scene from Robin Williams in 'The Greatest Dad…' In character, he actually talks about suicide and how it's a permanent solution to a temporary problem… I'm just sorry he could not remember this moment from that movie yesterday.
The only light at the end of the tunnel is that Robin Williams' death might help save the life of another person suffering from depression. Know that there is ALWAYS someone who cares and someone to talk to if you are dealing with depression or other issues. Call the Suicide Prevention Lifeline 24/7 at 1-800-273-8255. Or click here to go to their website.


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TWO years ago, America's spies assessed with "high confidence" that Iran was hell-bent on developing nuclear weapons. This week they did a U-turn. With equally high confidence, a new National Intelligence Estimate (NIE) concludes that the Iranians halted their covert nuclear-weapons programme in 2003, the year America invaded Iraq. The good news sparked mayhem in Washington, DC.
The most hawkish Iran-watchers dismissed it. Given the Islamic Republic's history of nuclear cheating, its truckloads of petrodollars and the possibility of buying nuclear technology on the black market, how can the spooks possibly know that it has stopped trying to make a bomb? Norman Podhoretz, an arch-hawk who advises Rudy Giuliani, a Republican presidential candidate, speculated that the intelligence services were deliberately undermining George Bush to prevent him from bombing Iranian nuclear sites.
Mr Bush, however, welcomed the report as evidence that his spies are getting better at figuring out what is going on in one of the world's most opaque states. He noted the judgment that Iran stopped its weapons programme because of outside pressure, which he considers a vindication of his tough approach. And he gave warning that Iran, which is still enriching uranium, could restart its bomb-building.
Many Democrats seized on the report as further evidence that Mr Bush is an untrustworthy warmonger. Only weeks ago, noted John Edwards, a presidential candidate, Mr Bush was noisily rattling sabres at Iran, warning that "If you're interested in avoiding World War Three, it seems like you ought to be interested in preventing [Iran] from having the knowledge necessary to make a nuclear weapon." Mr Edwards accused Mr Bush and his neocon chums of having been "on a march to possible war with Iran for a long time". Senator Joe Biden, another would-be president, said that Iran "is not a nuclear threat to the United States" and vowed that if Mr Bush went to war with Iran without congressional approval, he would be impeached.
Other Democrats were more circumspect. Barack Obama stressed that Iran is still a threat to its neighbours. Both he and Hillary Clinton urged more direct and energetic diplomacy to make sure that Iran never acquires nuclear weapons, and to persuade it to stop destabilising its neighbours, such as Iraq.
It is not obvious whom the report will help at the 2008 election. Democrats will benefit from the revelation of another big intelligence snafu under Mr Bush. But Republicans may gain if voters feel relieved that it has been corrected. Democrats could do well if voters decide the world is a safer place than they thought. But Republicans could gain if Democrats begin to sound complacent. The NIE report is good news, says Al From of the Democratic Leadership Council, a centrist group, "but we Democrats have to be careful not to make it better news than it is. Iran will still be a threat for the next president."
Although Mr Bush says the report does not require a change in American policy towards Iran, the situation has clearly altered. Hawks in the White House, such as the vice-president, are weaker. More cautious types, like Condoleezza Rice, the secretary of state, are stronger. It is inconceivable that Mr Bush could attack Iran's nuclear facilities after his own spies have said it is not making nuclear weapons, says Ray Takeyh of the Council on Foreign Relations, a think-tank. Then again, if Iran's leaders calculate that they will not be attacked, they may be emboldened to make more mischief. And so the arguments rage on.


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PODCAST – Dallas Cowboys vs Green Bay Packers Postgame Show
What is there to debate about the call reversal on Dez Bryant's catch on 4th and 2?
What is there to debate about the call reversal on Dez Bryant's catch on 4th and 2?
The Packers rush defense has improved late in the season. Will the Cowboys be able to return to a ball control offense after struggling to run the ball against the Detroit Lions?
What did the Cowboys do well, and what will they need to do better this Sunday in Green Bay?
Is this the year the Cowboys advance in the postseason under Tony Romo?
Bryan Houston is joined by Dallas Cowboys writer Matthew Postins to recap the Cowboys win over the Redskins.
The Cowboys have punched their ticket to the playoffs for the first time under Jason Garrett. How far can this team go in a season which expectations were so low?
By Bryan Houston and Matthew Postins PostinsPostcards.com The Dallas Cowboys host the Indianapolis Colts on Sunday afternoon. Host Bryan Houston and Dallas Cowboys reporter Matthew Postins preview the game. Click Below to listen R'H Sports Talk Live – Dallas Cowboys vs Indianapolis Colts Preview Check Out Football Podcasts at […]
The Cowboys appeared to get back to business as usual led by quarterbackTony Romo, running back DeMarco Murray and wide receiver Dez Bryant.
The Cowboys look to improve to 7-1 and maintain the best record in the NFL against a Redskins team that will be quarterbacked by former Texas Longhorn Colt McCoy.
This week in the SEC West, Miss. State will be watching as Ole Miss hosts Tennessee. Alabama and Texas A&M will match frustrations in Tuscaloosa. The LSU Tigers host Kentucky and Arkansas welcomes the Georgia Bulldogs to Little Rock.


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Seeing music live is a great way to really feel the music, especially when you position yourself directly between the cymbals. Be at the center of it all with this Groupon.
Seeing music live is a great way to really feel the music, especially when you position yourself directly between the cymbals. Be at the center of it all with this Groupon.
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$24 for two tickets to Decked Out Live: Born in the USA on Friday, July 4 from 1 p.m. to 9 p.m. ($40 value)
Asbury Fever, a Bruce Springsteen tribute band, will headline the charity concert, along with Dovetail and Strange Foke. The event will also feature food and a silent auction.
All of The Vineyard at Hershey's proceeds from this Groupon will be donated to the Pennsylvania National Guard to build a memorial honoring Staff Sergeant Kenneth VanGiesen, Sergeant Edward Koehler, and Sergeant Brian Mowery. The men, all from the Harrisburg area, were assigned to the Pennsylvania National Guard's 131st Transportation Company and were killed in Afghanistan.
The Vineyard at Hershey
The idyllic surroundings of The Vineyard at Hershey include acres of rolling vineyards and a natural, spring-fed pond. Inside a rustic farmhouse, guided tours take an in-depth look into the winemaking process, and end with tastings of small-batch Pennsylvania wines. Walk across the lawn to find the brewery, where brewmasters pour nearly 20 beers ranging from crisp hefeweizens to hop-heavy IPAs, with different brews crafted at different times of the year. Throughout the year, the Vineyard hosts events such as wine and beer release parties and concerts, including the summertime Decked-Out Live! Entertainment Series.
98% of 209 customers recommend
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"Great atmosphere...I had a wonderful time! "
"Bring some munchies and friends for a great evening of music and great brews or wine."


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Here's what you'll learn:
I am sure this topic has been addressed but I cannot find it. I am attempting to update my pic to myrofile since it's been a few years. Deleted the OOOOLD pic but cannot figure out how to add pic from the MY Album vtion. Help please. Thanks
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by: JustineSew...


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Earth in Mind: On Education, Environment, and the Human ProspectIn Earth in Mind, noted environmental educator David W. Orr focuses not on problems in education, but on the problem of education. Much of what has gone wrong with the world, he argues, is the result of inadequate and misdirected education that: alienates us from life in the name of human domination; causes students to worry about how to make a living before they know who they are; overemphasizes success and careers; separates feeling from intellect and the practical from the theoretical; deadens the sense of wonder for the created world. The crisis we face, Orr explains, is one of mind, perception, and values. It is, first and foremost, an educational challenge. The author begins by establishing the grounds for a debate about education and knowledge. He describes the problems of education from an ecological perspective, and challenges the "terrible simplifiers" who wish to substitute numbers for values. He follows with a presentation of principles for re-creating education in the broadest way possible, discussing topics such as biophilia, the disciplinary structure of knowledge, the architecture of educational buildings, and the idea of ecological intelligence. Orr concludes by presenting concrete proposals for reorganizing the curriculum to draw out our affinity for life. |
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Review: Earth in Mind: On Education, Environment, and the Human Prospect
Recensione dell'utente - Brenna - GoodreadsI had high hopes for this, but it's incredibly boring. If you're looking for sources on this topic for a term paper this would be a good choice, otherwise try something else for an educational reading. Leggi recensione completa
Review: Earth in Mind: On Education, Environment, and the Human Prospect
Recensione dell'utente - Emily Onufer - Goodreads"The plain fact is that the planet does not need more successful people. But it does desperately need more peacemakers, healers, restorers, storytellers, and lovers of every kind." Leggi recensione completa
Part One The Problem of Education | 5 |
Part Two First Principles | 41 |
Part Three Rethinking Education | 89 |
Agriculture and the Liberal Arts | 117 |
U S Food System | 172 |
Refugees or Homecomers? Conjectures About | 185 |
z4 Hope in Hard Times | 204 |


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Listen to free music by The Babies
Blip.fm is internet radio made social. It's easy to search for, play, and discover free music recommended by real people. Join today to create your own free station.
Live On Radio K: The Babies songs played by Blip.fm DJs
The Babies ▶ Mess Me Around


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Do you prefer if the system activates the launcher?
With this app you can control it easily!
* You can establish the screen off time before activate the launcher
* Black/white list of apps
* Select if you want to activate default desktop page or last visited desktop (only if you use Nova Laucher)
and many others...
Play Link: https://play.google.com/store/apps/d...re.gotodesktop


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This year DiGiorno has continued to push DiGiornonomics, the campaign which pits its price-value proposition against that of delivery. Ad buys and event sponsorships underscore the brand's determination to woo sports fans, and become more of a game-time staple.'We were one of the first brands to come out and talk about the value proposition of frozen vs. delivery,' Mr. Moe said, adding that DiGiorno's value equation 'has been compelling for consumers.'
Topics: Business Strategy and Profitability , Marketing / Branding / Promotion


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Ignore the amount. I would just like points (for adopts or point commissions) if you're willing to give them ^^ |
Stuff that applies to me Bleach :thumb96884201: :thumb325741136: :thumb325741150: :thumb89818800: :thumb331336614: :thumb89820287: :thumb89824299: :thumb214760963: Avatar: The Last Airbender My Little Pony :thumb371410029: Black Butler/Kuroshitsuji :thumb303728619: :thumb193592807: Free! Iwatobi Swim Club Hakuouki Shinsengumi Kitan :thumb186878905: Diabolik Lovers :thumb403992158: Project K Super Heroes/Villains: The Vampire Chronicles :thumb118969125: Pirates of the Caribbean My name is Caroline Amanda Gray. I am 20 years old. I love to write, I find it is a nice, constructive, outlet. I love music; I couldn't live with out it. Photography is one of my favorite things, I get that from my mom. I love to read. I graduated high school in 2012. My biggest goal right now is to complete vet school. Most of the time I like animals more than people, that's because they love you unconditionally. Who ever thinks that poetry and photography aren't real art couldn't be more wrong. I have had no photography classes, I am self taught. However, I do want to take Photography anyway; it would be fun. Specialties? -Photography (Plants, animals, and still life) -Poetry (Free verse) -Creative writing (Short stories and such) -Dolling (mostly ponies) Tools of the trade? -My Kodak Camera -Note book -Ball point pen -Lap top -MS Paint and GIMP Downfalls? -Drawing. (Please, my stick people look like they are having seizures.) If you ever want to use any of my work, please Please PLEASE ask me first!!!! I work really hard on all of my stuff, and it would kill me if someone started stealing all my hard work, and called it their own. Art theft is just as bad as stealing a car or a phone people, so please don't do it!! Full personality description: You're often found diving into a book or spending hours working on that project of yours. It's important that you put in as much of an effort learning as possible so your knowledge will someday come in handy. Because of this, you may sometimes be skeptical of things that you don't have any proof of. While you tend to be booksmart as opposed to streetsmart, you also tend to be a tad socially awkward, not always sure how well you fit in with your friends or maybe not even having a lot of them in the first place, but you're still a solid friend when it comes down to it and would be there to help any of them with their problems. Even though you may be talented, you're the total opposite of a showoff, shying away from bragging or even talking about your talents. You don't want the world to think you're a braggart, after all. You're quite humble and modest, but you're also looking for acceptance and praise for your talents. - See more at: www.bronyland.com/pony-persona… |


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Exelixis Initiates Phase 3 Clinical Trial Of Cabozantinib In Patients With Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Exelixis, Inc. (NASDAQ:EXEL) today announced that it has initiated CELESTIAL, a phase 3 pivotal trial comparing cabozantinib with placebo in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who have previously been treated with sorafenib. The primary endpoint for the trial is overall survival (OS).
"Patients with advanced HCC who have progressed on sorafenib have few therapeutic options, and new approaches to managing their disease are much needed," said Ghassan K. Abou-Alfa, M.D., Associate Attending at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York and the lead investigator on CELESTIAL. "Phase 2 data investigating cabozantinib in this patient population are worthy of more study, and cabozantinib's target profile, which includes inhibition of both MET and VEGFR, is highly relevant in HCC."
CELESTIAL is a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study of cabozantinib in patients with advanced HCC that is being conducted at up to 200 sites globally in up to 30 countries. The trial is expected to enroll 760 patients with advanced HCC who have received prior sorafenib. Patients will be randomized 2:1 to receive 60 mg of cabozantinib daily or placebo.
The primary endpoint for the trial is OS, and the secondary endpoints include objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS). Exploratory endpoints include patient-reported outcomes, biomarkers, and safety.
Based on available clinical trial data, the primary endpoint assumes a median OS of 8.2 months for the placebo arm. A total of 621 events provide the study with 90% power to detect a 32% increase in OS (HR = 0.76). Interim analyses are planned once 50% and 75% of events have been observed, respectively. "The initiation of the CELESTIAL trial is an important milestone as we work to expand the cabozantinib franchise into additional indications with substantial unmet medical needs," said Gisela Schwab, M.D., executive vice president and chief medical officer of Exelixis. "CELESTIAL is the fifth pivotal trial for cabozantinib overall, and the second phase 3 trial to initiate this year. It was designed with the input of leading oncologists and HCC experts, and we believe that the data will provide important insight into the role that cabozantinib may play in improving the care of patients with this disease."Check Out Our Best Services for Investors
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This paper analyzes the possibility of increasing the acoustic transmission loss of sound transmitted through planar or curved glass shells using attached piezoelectric macro fiber composite (MFC) actuators shunted by active circuits with a negative capacitance. The key features that control the sound transmission through the curved glass shells are analyzed using an analytical approximative model. A detailed analysis of the particular arrangement of MFC actuators on the glass shell is performed using a finite element method (FEM) model. The FEM model takes into account the effect of a flexible frame that clamps the glass shell at its edges. A method is presented for the active control of the Young's modulus and the bending stiffness coefficient of the composite sandwich structure that consists of a glass plate and the attached piezoelectric MFC actuator. The predictions of the acoustic transmission loss frequency dependencies obtained by the FEM model are compared with experimental data. The results indicate that it is possible to increase the acoustic transmission loss by 20 and 25 dB at the frequencies of the first and second resonant modes of the planar and curved glass shells, respectively, using the effect of the shunt circuit with a negative capacitance.