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Kilgour–Matas report
The 2007 Kilgour–Matas report titled, Bloody Harvest, Revised Report into Allegations of Organ Harvesting of Falun Gong Practitioners in China[1] is an investigative report into allegations of live organ harvesting in China conducted by former Canadian Secretary of State David Kilgour and human rights lawyer David Matas. The report can be downloaded free in 22 languages at organharvestinvestigation.net.[1]
The report was requested by the Coalition to Investigate the Persecution of Falun Gong after three individuals alleged that thousands of Falun Gong practitioners had been killed at Sujiatun Thrombosis Hospital to supply China's organ transplant industry.[2][3][4]
The initial 6 July 2006 report found that, "the source of 41,500 transplants for the six year period 2000 to 2005 is unexplained" and concluded that "there has been and continues today to be large scale organ seizures from unwilling Falun Gong practitioners".[5]
Taiwan urged its citizens not to travel to China to receive transplants.[6][7]
U.N. special rapporteur Manfred Nowak said in March 2007 that the chain of evidence Kilgour and Matas were documenting showed a "coherent picture that causes concern",[8] which the United Nations Committee Against Torture followed up in November 2008 with a request for "a full explanation of the source of organ transplants", to investigate the claims of organ harvesting, and to take measures to prosecute those committing abuses.[9]
Ethan Gutmann estimated that between 450,000 to 1 million Falun Gong practioners were detained at any given time, and that 65,000 had been killed from 2000 to 2008 for their organs.[10][11][12]
In 2009, the authors published an updated version of the report as a book, titled Bloody Harvest, The killing of Falun Gong for their organs,[13][14] and in the same year received an award from the International Society for Human Rights.[15] They were nominated for the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize.[16]
Falun Gong[edit]
Falun Gong, a spiritual discipline that combines meditation and exercises with a moral philosophy, emerged in China in the 1990s; by 1999 the number of practitioners was estimated in the tens of millions.[17][18]
In July 1999, following a large-scale demonstration to request official recognition, Chinese authorities banned the practice and initiated a campaign to suppress the group, creating the 610 Office to oversee and coordinate the elimination of Falun Gong.[19][20][21] The suppression that followed was accompanied by what Amnesty International called a "massive propaganda campaign,"[22] and the detention and imprisonment of tens of thousands of Falun Gong adherents; coercive "reeducation" of Falun Gong adherents sometimes resulted in deaths.[23][24][25] Former detainees reported that in some labour camps, Falun Gong practitioners comprised the majority population, and were singled out for abuse.[26] Due to limited access to victims and labour camp facilities, however, many specific reports of abuses are difficult to independently corroborate.[21]
Organ transplantation in China[edit]
China has had an organ transplantation programme since the 1960s. It is one of the largest organ transplant programmes in the world, peaking at over 13,000 transplants a year in 2004.[27] Involuntary organ harvesting is illegal under Chinese law, although under a 1984 regulation it became legal to remove organs from executed criminals with the prior consent of the criminal or permission of relatives. By the 1990s, growing concerns about possible ethical abuses arising from coerced consent and corruption led medical groups and human rights organizations to start condemning the practice.[28] These concerns resurfaced in 2001, when a former Chinese Army doctor testified to a United States Congressional committee that he had taken part in organ harvesting operations.[29]
In December 2005, China's Deputy Health Minister acknowledged that the practice of removing organs from executed prisoners for transplant was widespread – as many as 95% of all organ transplants in China derived from executions,[30] and he promised steps to prevent abuse.[31][32]
In March 2006, three individuals alleged that thousands of Falun Gong practitioners had been killed at Sujiatun Thrombosis Hospital, to supply China's organ transplant industry.[2][3][4] The third person, a doctor, said the so-called hospitals in Sujiatun are but one of 36 similar concentration camps all over China.[4]
Within a month, U.S. representatives said they found no evidence that a site in northeast China had been used as a concentration camp, but "the United States remained concerned over China's repression of Falun Gong practitioners and by reports of organ harvesting".[33]
In May 2006, The Coalition to Investigate the Persecution of Falun Gong asked David Kilgour and Canadian human rights lawyer David Matas to investigate the broader allegations of organ harvesting from Falun Gong practitioners in China. Kilgour and Matas agreed to investigate.[1][34]
In May 2006 the World Medical Association demanded that China immediately cease using prisoners as organ donors.[35]
The report[edit]
First report[edit]
On 6 July 2006, Kilgour and Matas released the findings of their two-month investigation.[5] They found that "the source of 41,500 transplants for the six year period 2000 to 2005 is unexplained" and concluded that, "the government of China and its agencies in numerous parts of the country, in particular hospitals but also detention centres and 'people's courts', since 1999 have put to death a large but unknown number of Falun Gong prisoners of conscience. Their vital organs, including kidneys, livers, corneas and hearts, were seized involuntarily for sale at high prices, sometimes to foreigners, who normally face long waits for voluntary donations of such organs in their home countries."[1]
The report called attention to the extremely short wait times for organs in China—one to two weeks for a liver compared with 32.5 months in Canada—noting that this was indicative of organs being procured on demand. It also tracked a significant increase in the number of annual organ transplants in China beginning in 1999, corresponding with the onset of the persecution of Falun Gong. Despite very low levels of voluntary organ donation, China performs the second-highest number of transplants per year.
The report includes incriminating material from Chinese transplant center web sites advertising the immediate availability of organs from living donors, and transcripts of telephone interviews in which hospitals told prospective transplant recipients that they could obtain Falun Gong organs.[1]
Second report[edit]
A January 2007 revision, Revised Report into Allegations of Organ Harvesting of Falun Gong Practitioners in China, includes substantial additional information and has 33 pieces of evidence.[1]
Kilgour and Matas felt that the Government of China had reinforced the basis of the first report by responding to it in an unpersuasive way, mostly as attacks on Falun Gong. For Kilgour and Matas, such attacks made possible the violation of the basic human rights of Falun Gong practitioners.[37] China identified two factual errors in the first version of the report—one in an appendix, in a caption heading, where Kilgour and Matas placed two Chinese cities in the wrong provinces; the authors dismissed those errors as have nothing to do with the analysis or conclusions of their report.[37] In the absence of evidence that would invalidate the organ harvesting allegations — such as a Chinese government registry showing the identity of every organ donor and donation — Kilgour and Matas concluded that the allegations of China's harvesting organs from live Falun Gong practitioners were true and the practice was ongoing. They called for a ban on Canadian citizens traveling to China for transplant operations.[38][39][40]
The revised report at organharvestinvestigation.net is available in 22 languages.[1] The first report has translations for 7 other languages.[5]
In 2009, Kilgour and Matas published an updated version of the report as a book, titled Bloody Harvest,The killing of Falun Gong for their organs. It contained new material, reactions the final report received and the advocacy they undertook to end the abuse.[13][14][41]
In 2012, State Organs: Transplant Abuse in China, edited by David Matas and Dr. Torsten Trey was published with contributions from a dozen specialists.[42][43] Several of the essays in the book conclude, that a primary source of organs has been prisoners of conscience, specifically practitioners of Falun Gong.[44]
A subsequent investigation by journalist Ethan Gutmann was published in 2014.[45][46] Gutmann interviewed dozens of former prisoners of conscience, as well as members of China's medical and security agencies who were involved in the organ trade. He concluded that tens of thousands of Falun Gong practitioners, as well as large numbers of ethnic Uyghurs, have been victims of the illicit organ trade.[47][46][48]
The report's allegations of involuntary organ removal from Falun Gong practitioners received considerable media coverage, particularly in Canada, Europe, and Australia. Several governments tightened transplant tourism practices and requested more information from the Chinese government.
In July 2006 and April 2007, Chinese officials denied organ harvesting allegations, insisting that China abides by World Health Organization principles that prohibit the sale of human organs without written consent from donors.[49][50] The report is banned in Russia and China.[51]
Due to the nature of the claims, some observers expressed reservations with endorsing the Kilgour and Matas's conclusions. Amnesty International in 2006 said it was "continuing to analyze sources of information" about the allegations.[52] David Ownby, a professor of history at of the University of Montreal and expert on Falun Gong, wrote in Falun Gong and the Future of China that Falun Gong practitioners were probable candidates for organ harvesting in Chinese prisons. However, he felt that Falun Gong spokespersons "overplayed their hand" with the concentration camp allegations, potentially losing credibility in the eyes of neutral observers, despite the real persecution they were suffering.[53]
Many observers found the report and its figures plausible. The US National Kidney Foundation said they were "deeply concerned about recent allegations regarding the procurement of organs and tissues through coercive or exploitative practices" and that "any act which calls the ethical practice of donation and transplantation into question should be condemned by the worldwide transplantation community."[54]
Kirk C. Allison, Associate Director of the Program in Human Rights and Medicine in the University of Minnesota, wrote that the "short time frame of an on-demand system [as in China] requires a large pool of donors pre-typed for blood group and HLA matching," and would be consistent with the Falun Gong allegations about the systematic tissue typing of practitioners held prisoner.[55] He wrote that the time constraints involved "cannot be assured on a random-death basis", and that physicians he queried about the matter indicated that they were selecting live prisoners to ensure quality and compatibility.[55]
Taiwan condemned, "in the strongest possible terms", China's harvesting of human organs from executed Falun Gong practitioners.[56] Taiwan's Department of Health, urged Taiwanese doctors to not encourage patients to get commercial organ transplants in mainland China.[57]
In December 2006, after not getting assurances from the Chinese government, about allegations relating to Chinese prisoners, the two major organ transplant hospitals in Queensland, Australia stopped transplant training for Chinese surgeons and joint research programs into organ transplantation with China.[58]
Tom Treasure of Guy's Hospital, London said, what makes the allegations credible is the numerical gap between the reported number of transplants compared with what is possible in other countries, the short waiting times and the confidence with which operations are offered in the global health market, and the routine blood testing (critical to organ donation) of the Falun Gong.[59]
Rabbi Yosef Shalom Eliashiv prohibited Jews from deriving any benefit from Chinese organ harvesting, "even in life-threatening situations"; other rabbis opposed the use of Chinese organs for transplants.[60]
A 2008 petition signed by 140 Canadian physicians urged the Canadian Government to "issue travel advisories warning Canadians that organ transplants in China are sourced almost entirely from non-consenting people, whether prisoners sentenced to death or Falun Gong practitioners".[61][62] Canadian Member of Parliament Borys Wrzesnewskyj, based on the findings of the Kilgour–Matas report, introduced a 2008 bill that would make it illegal for Canadians to get an organ transplant abroad if the organ was taken from an unwilling victim.[63]
In 2006 and 2008, United Nations Special Rapporteurs raised questions about the sources of organs, the short waiting times for finding perfectly matched organs, and the correlation between the sudden increase in organ transplants in China and the beginning of the persecution of Falun Gong practitioners. These requests were not satisfactorily addressed by the Chinese authorities.[64] In November 2008 the United Nations Committee Against Torture noted its concern at the allegations and called for China to "immediately conduct or commission an independent investigation of the claims", and take measures "to ensure that those responsible for such abuses are prosecuted and punished".[9]
In 2010, though the Chinese Medical Society had stated that organ transplants from executed prisoners must cease,[65] and changes in Chinese regulations prohibited transplant tourism,[66] a meeting of the Transplantation Society received over 30 papers containing data from several hundred transplants, where the donor source was likely executed prisoners.[67]
In 2013, Doctors Against forced Organ Harvesting (DAFOH) presented a petition of nearly 1.5 million signatures including over 300,000 from Europe to the Office of UN High Commissioner on Human Rights in Geneva.[68][69]
During the U.N. Human Rights Council meeting held on March 12, 2014, Anne-Tamara Lorre, the Canadian representative on human rights to the United Nations, raised the issue of organ harvesting in China. "We remain concerned that Falun Gong practitioners and other religious worshippers in China face persecution, and reports that organ transplants take place without free and informed consent of the donor are troubling."[70][71][72]
Using different research methods to Kilgour and Matas, investigative journalist Ethan Gutmann, found that his estimate of the number of Falun Gong practitioners killed for organs of approximately 65,000 was close to the estimate of 62,250 by Kilgour and Matas.[10][11][73][74][75][76] In September 2014 he published his findings in The Slaughter: Mass Killings, Organ Harvesting, and China's Secret Solution to Its Dissident Problem.[73]
Further reading[edit]
- David Matas and Dr. Torsten Trey, State Organs: Transplant Abuse in China, 2012, Seraphim Edition
- McMillan-Scott, Edward (7 June 2006). European Parliament Vice-President's Investigative Report on Organ Harvesting in China. Epoch Times.
- Kilgour, David (9 February 2013). International Efforts to Stop Forced Organ Harvesting From Falun Gong in China. Epoch Times.
See also[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g h David Kilgour, David Matas (31 January 2007) Revised Report into Allegations of Organ Harvesting of Falun Gong Practitioners in China (in 22 languages) organharvestinvestigation.net
- ^ a b "Secret Chinese Concentration Camp Revealed" 10 March 2006 The Epoch Times
- ^ a b "New Witness Confirms Existence of Chinese Concentration Camp, Says Organs Removed from Live Victims" 17 March 2006 The Epoch Times
- ^ a b c "Source Reveals Other Chinese Concentration Camps, Sujiatun is merely one of 36 concentration camps for Falun Gong in China" 31 March 2006 The Epoch Times
- ^ a b c David Kilgour, David Matas (6 July 2006) The First Report into Allegations of Organ Harvesting of Falun Gong Practitioners in China (in 19 languages) organharvestinvestigation.net
- ^ Elizabeth Hsu. "Taiwan people urged not to travel to China for organ transplants". Taiwanese Central News Agency.
- ^ Taiwan people urged not to go to China for transplants China Post 15 October 2006 organharvestinvestigation.net
- ^ "An Interview with U.N. Special Rapporteur on Organ Harvesting in China". David-kilgour.com. 12 March 2007. Retrieved 7 June 2012.
- ^ a b United Nations Committee Against Torture,CONSIDERATION OF REPORTS SUBMITTED BY STATES PARTIES UNDER ARTICLE 19 OF THE CONVENTION: Concluding observations of the Committee against Torture, Forty-first session, Geneva, 3–21 November 2008
- ^ a b Ethan Gutmann (10 March 2011). ""How many harvested?" revisited". eastofethan.com.
- ^ a b Ethan Gutmann (24 November 2008). "China's Gruesome Organ Harvest. The whole world isn't watching. Why not?". Weekly Standard.
- ^ Julia Duin (27 April 2010). "Chinese accused of vast trade in organs". The Washington Times.
- ^ a b David Kilgour, David Matas (2009). "Bloody Harvest, The killing of Falun Gong for their organs". seraphimeditions.com. p. 232.
- ^ a b "Chinese accused of vast trade in organs". The Washington Times.
- ^ Santin, Aldo (19 February 2010). "Winnipeg lawyer nominated for Nobel Peace Prize". Winnipeg Free Press.
- ^ Aldo Santin (20 Feb 2010). "Crusader up for Nobel Prize Lawyer lauded for investigating abuses in China". Winnipeg Free Press.
- ^ Seth Faison (27 April 1999). "In Beijing: A Roar of Silent Protestors". The New York Times.
- ^ Joseph Kahn (27 April 1999). "Notoriety Now for Movement's Leader". The New York Times.
- ^ Sarah Cook and Leeshai Lemish, 'The 610 Office:Policing the Chinese Spirit', China Brief , Volume 11 Issue 17 (9 November 2011).
- ^ James Tong, "Revenge of the Forbidden City," Oxford University Press (2009).
- ^ a b Mickey Spiegel (2002). Dangerous Meditation: China's Campaign Against Falungong. Human Rights Watch. ISBN 1-56432-270-X. Retrieved 28 September 2007.
- ^ Amnesty International 'China: The crackdown on Falun Gong and other so-called "heretical organization"' March 23, 2000
- ^ Ian Johnson (26 Dec 2000). "Death Trap - How One Chinese City Resorted to Atrocities To Control Falun Dafa". The Wall Street Journal.
- ^ Philip Pan and John Pomfret (5 August 2000). "Torture is Breaking Falun Gong". The Washington Post.
- ^ "2005 Country Report on Human Rights, China (includes Tibet, Hong Kong, and Macau)". state.gov. 8 March 2006.
- ^ "We Could Disappear at Any Time" (PDF). Human Rights Watch. 7 Dec 2005.
- ^ "Health-System-Reform-in-China" The Lancet, 20 October 2008. Retrieved 24 September 2010
- ^ "TTS' policy on Interactions with China". Doctors Against Forced Organ Harvesting. Retrieved 17 November 2014.
- ^ "Doctor Says He Took Transplant Organs From Executed Chinese Prisoners" New York Times 29 June 2001
- ^ Congressional Executive Commission on China Annual Report 2006 p. 59; note 224, p.201
- ^ Thomas Lum (11 August 2006). "Congressional Research Report #RL33437 China and Falun Gong" (pdf). au.af.mil.
- ^ Jane Macartney, "China to 'tidy up' trade in executed prisoners' organs", The Times, 3 December 2005
- ^ U.S. Finds No Evidence of Alleged Concentration Camp in China America.gov 16 April 2006
- ^ "Independent Investigators to Present Findings From Investigation on China's Organ Harvesting From Prisoners of Conscience". wthr.com. 20 July 2006. Retrieved 3 December 2014.
- ^ "WMA Council Resolution on Organ Donation in China". World Medical Association. May 2006.
- ^ "Beyond The Red Wall – Documentary on the Persecution of Falun Gong". David-kilgour.com. Retrieved 7 June 2012.
- ^ a b David Matas, David Kilgour (31 January 2007). "Bloody Harvest, Section 23) Massive arrests and 33) Government of China responses". organharvestinvestigation.net.
- ^ Kirstin Endemann, CanWest News Service; Ottawa Citizen (6 July 2006)"Ottawa urged to stop Canadians travelling to China for transplants", Canada.com. Retrieved 6 July 2006
- ^ Reuters, AP (8 July 2006)"Falun Gong organ claim supported", The Age. Retrieved 7 July 2006
- ^ Calgary Herald (5 July 2006)"Rights concerns bedevil China—Doing trade with regime must be balanced with values", Canada.com. Retrieved 8 July 2006
- ^ David Kilgour, David Matas. "Bloody Harvest: Organ Harvesting of Falun Gong Practitioners in China". amazon.com.
- ^ David Matas and Torsten Trey (2012). "State Organs, Transplant Abuse in China". seraphimeditions.com.
- ^ David Matas and Torsten Trey (2012). "State Organs: Transplant Abuse in China". amazon.com. p. 144.
- ^ Matthew Robertson (31 August 2012). "Book Exposes Organized Killing for Organs in China". Epoch Times.
- ^ Turnbull, Barbara. "Q&A: Author and analyst Ethan Gutmann discusses China's illegal organ trade". The Toronto Star. Retrieved 27 December 2014.
- ^ a b Gutmann, Ethan (August 2014). The Slaughter: Mass Killings, Organ Harvesting and China's Secret Solution to Its Dissident Problem. Prometheus Books. p. 368. ISBN 978-1616149406.
- ^ David Kilgour (8 December 2014) "A History of Organ Pillaging in China", The Epoch Times
- ^ Ethan Gutmann (25 April 2014). "The Slaughter – An Interview with DAFOH (Doctors Against Forced Harvesting)". ethan-gutmann.com. Retrieved 1 December 2014.
- ^ Chinese Embassy in Canada (6 July 2006) Response to the so called "China's organ harvesting report"
- ^ Chinese Embassy in Canada (15 April 2007) Response to the so-called "Revised Report on China's Organ Harvesting "
- ^ Joseph Brean (24 December 2011). "'Extremist' writings of ex-Canadian MP, lawyer banned in Russia because of criticisms of China". National Post.
- ^ "Amnesty International Fact Sheet on Persecution of Falun Gong". amnesty.org.nz.
- ^ David Ownby (19 Mar 2008). Falun Gong and the Future of China. Oxford University Press. pp. 224–226.
- ^ "National Kidney Foundation Statement about Alleged Human Rights Violations in Organ Donation" (pdf). faluninfo.net. 15 August 2006.
- ^ a b Kirk C. Allison (29 September 2006). "Falun Gong, Organ Harvesting in China, and the Human Rights Case for an Independent Congressional Investigation – testimony submitted by Kirk C. Allison" (PDF). Open Hearing of the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations. University of Minnesota. Retrieved 4 Feb 2010.
- ^ "China Post: Taiwan condemns China's organ harvesting". cipfg.org. 14 October 2006.
- ^ "Taiwan: Director of Department of Health Orders Doctors in Taiwan Not to Get Involved with China's Inhumane Organ Transplantation". cipfg.org. 18 August 2007.
- ^ "Hospitals ban Chinese surgeon training" The Sydney Morning Herald. 5 December 2006
- ^ Tom Treasure (March 2007). "The Falun Gong, organ transplantation, the holocaust and ourselves". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (Doctors Against Forced Organ Harvesting) 100: 119–121. Retrieved 21 May 2010.
- ^ Mathew Wagner (3 Jun 2007). "Chinese TV airs Elyashiv's opposition to organ harvesting". The Jerusalem Post.
- ^ "The Medical Post, Canadian MD-activist likens Chinese organ trade to the Holocaust". david-kilgour.com. 12 March 2008.
- ^ "Excerpt from Hansard of 13 December 2007, Canadian House of Commons". organharvestinvestigation.net. 13 December 2007.
- ^ "The Epoch Times: One Member of Parliament's Crusade to Quell a Gruesome Trade". clearharmony.net. 21 February 2008.
- ^ "United Nations Human Rights Special Rapporteurs Reiterate Findings on China's Organ Harvesting from Falun Gong Practitioners". Falun Gong Human Rights Working Group, through egovmonitor.com. Retrieved 20 November 2010.
- ^ "Chinese Medical Association Reaches Agreement With World Medical Association Against Transplantation Of Prisioners's Organs". medicalnewstoday.com. 7 October 2007.
- ^ C. Ding (2008). "Latest development of legal regulations of organ transplant in China". J Int Bioethique (162): 61–81.
- ^ G.M. Danovitch1, M. E. Shapiro and J. Lave (22 Feb 2011). "The Use of Executed Prisoners as a Source of Organ Transplants in China Must Stop". American Journal of Transplantation.
- ^ "1.5 Million in 53 Countries Say 'No' to Organ Harvesting in China". theepochtimes.com. December 2013.
- ^ "Doctors Against Forced Organ Harvesting petition against Falun Gong practioners". globalbioethics. 16 December 2013.
- ^ Matthew Little (15 March 2014). "Canada Raises Organ Harvesting at UN". theepochtimes.com.
- ^ "The European Parliament's resolution on unethical organ harvesting in China is succeeded by a chain of international reactions". dafoh.org.
- ^ Human Rights Council (12 March 2014). "Council reviews reports on the use of drones in the fight against terrorism, and on freedom of religion". ohchr.org.
- ^ a b Jay Nordlinger (25 August 2014). "Face The Slaughter". National Review.
- ^ Ethan Gutmann (28 April 2009). "How many harvested?". http://eastofethan.com.
- ^ Jaya Gibson (17 July 2009). "UK MPs Briefed on Persecution in China". The Epoch Times.
- ^ Ethan Gutmann (2010). "The China Conundrum". Focus Quarterly.
- Gutmann, Ethan, "China's Gruesome Organ Harvest. The whole world isn't watching. Why not?", 24 November 2008, The Weekly Standard
- Kilgour, David & Matas, David, The First Report into Allegations of Organ Harvesting of Falun Gong Practitioners in China, 6 July 2006, organharvestinvestigation.net
- Kilgour, David & Matas, David, Bloody Harvest: Revised Report into Allegations of Organ Harvesting of Falun Gong Practitioners in China, 31 January 2007, organharvestinvestigation.net
- Pan, Philip & Pomfret, John, Torture is Breaking Falun Gong, 5 August 2000, The Washington Post
- Spiegel, Mickey, Dangerous Meditation: China's Campaign Against Falungong, January 2002, Human Rights Watch
- Treasure, Tom, The Falun Gong, organ transplantation, the holocaust and ourselves, March 2007, Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
External links[edit]
- The Kilgour and Matas report organharvestinvestigation.net
- A Presentation of Evidence from the Kilgour Matas Reports
- Organ Harvesting minghui.org
- Organ Harvesting in China (August 2006) 6 minutes youtube.com
- Organ Harvesting in China - Between Life and Death (2011) 52 minutes youtube.com
- Former Uighur Surgeon Discloses Live Organ Harvesting in China (2011) 3 minutes youtube.com
- Killed for Organs: China's Secret State Transplant Business (2012) 8 minutes youtube.com
- Davids and Goliath (2014) 14 minutes youtube.com[1]
- ^ Davids and Goliath at Internet Movie Database


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DiS Does Singles 18.11.13: Metronomy, Lily Allen, Disclosure, Summer Camp
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The most-tender new vegetables are here just in time for early spring salads!
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What's cooking in San Jose? Valerie makes a hearty Mexican-style turkey chili.
See a simple beginner-friendly method for roasting a moist, beautiful turkey.
Watch a very simple method for prepping and roasting turkey.


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Postfluorination of fluoride films for vacuum-ultraviolet lithography to improve their optical properties
Applied Optics, Vol. 45, Issue 7, pp. 1380-1385 (2006)
Enhanced HTML Acrobat PDF (930 KB)
Transmittance of fluoride films prepared by various kinds of deposition methods is not sufficient for a vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) stepper application. Moreover, moisture penetrates into fluoride films because of porous structures. Then the moisture reacts with the fluoride chemically, and the photoabsorption of the films increases with elapsed time. Postfluorination treatment, in which F-poor areas of fluoride films are sufficiently fluorinated and the film structures are modified to be denser, has been developed. The postfluorination treatment was performed at
© 2006 Optical Society of America
OCIS Codes
(310.3840) Thin films : Materials and process characterization
(310.6860) Thin films : Thin films, optical properties
ToC Category:
Short and Intense Wavelength Coatings
Original Manuscript: March 1, 2005
Manuscript Accepted: June 28, 2005
Yusuke Taki, Shunji Watanabe, and Akira Tanaka, "Postfluorination of fluoride films for vacuum-ultraviolet lithography to improve their optical properties," Appl. Opt. 45, 1380-1385 (2006)
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- S. Niisaka, T. Saito, J. Saito, A. Tanaka, A. Matsumoto, M. Otani, R. Biro, C. Ouchi, M. Hasegawa, Y. Suzuki, and K. Sone, 'Development of optical coatings for 157-nm lithography. I. Coating materials,' Appl. Opt. 41, 3242-3247 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. Taki, 'Film structure and optical constants of magnetron-sputtered fluoride films for deep ultraviolet lithography,' Vacuum 74, 431-435 (2004). [CrossRef]
- Y. Taki and K. Muramatsu, 'Hetero-epitaxial growth and optical properties of LaF3 on CaF2,' Thin Solid Films 420-421, 30-37 (2002). [CrossRef]
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Description About SailPoint: SailPoint is empowering some of the world?s largest organizations to mitigate risk, reduce IT costs and demonstrate compliance efforts ? all while meeting the highest standards of corporate governance. SailPoint IdentityIQ is a business-oriented
1/10/2015 Austin, TX Save This JobDescription Technical Marketing Manager Position Description: The Technical Marketing Manager is a primary product evangelist at SailPoint. This role is responsible for driving technical enablement of SailPoint?s technical sales teams, including developing and delivering
1/10/2015 Austin, TX Save This JobClearDATA is seeking a talented Inside Sales Executive to join our rapidly growing company. This is an excellent opportunity for a proven hunter to make six figures in their first year with near term opportunities for professional growth and career advancement. The ideal
1/10/2015 Tempe, AZ Save This JobJob Tracking ID: 512449-483186Job Location: Santa Clara , CAJob Level: Mid Career (2+ years)Level of Education: AnyJob Type: Full-Time/RegularDate Updated: December 22, 2014Years of Experience: AnyStarting Date: ASAP -«Back to job search Invite a friend: Print Job
1/10/2015 Santa Clara, CA Save This JobJob Description: Job Description ? Business Development Company Overview: Centrify is currently recruiting for a Business Development Manager to be based in our Santa Clara, CA headquarters. Centrify is a leading provider of solutions for unifying identity management across
1/10/2015 Santa Clara, CA Save This JobReporting to the Content Marketing Director, the Content Operations Specialist will work in partnership with Reval?s Digital Marketing team to help create and optimize digital content to drive conversion on high quality prospects to leads. This role will be a key member of the
1/10/2015 New York, NY Save This JobMarketing automation is a fast-growing area of the Reval Global Marketing team with enormous potential for career growth. The Reval Global Marketing Team takes a disciplined, disruptive and data-oriented approach to their marketing campaigns. The Marketing Automation Specialist
1/10/2015 New York, NY Save This JobZuora is looking for a passionate and motivated DevOps engineers to work with our innovative product teams. The successful candidate will use their experience in systems administration for Unix/Windows environments for automating the management in the cloud. This includes
1/10/2015 Foster City, CA Save This JobDescription Test Engineer ? Sustaining SailPoint is seeking a Test Engineer to join our Sustaining team for the IdentityIQ product. In this role, you are responsible for characterizing the technical quality of IdentityIQ, with primary focus on verification of patch releases
1/10/2015 Austin, TX Save This JobDescription This position (part of our Customer Support Team) is responsible for working directly with SailPoint field personnel and customers to identify, troubleshoot, and resolve complex technical problems directly or in conjunction with our engineering
1/10/2015 Austin, TX Save This JobDescription Position Description: The Solutions Marketing Manager (SMM) is responsible for accelerating demand for SailPoint solutions by developing and executing marketing strategies for specific market segments. He or she is responsible for developing and executing the
1/10/2015 Austin, TX Save This JobMarketing Manager ? Middle East We?re looking for a passionate marketer with experience in digital marketing practices including PPC advertising, mobile marketing, SEO and social media, who is fluent in Arabic. As the subject matter expert at AnchorFree, you are the ultimate
1/10/2015 Mountain View, CA Save This JobSenior Product Manager AnchorFree is looking for an experienced Product Manager who is a business athlete, loves technical details and can take products from inception to launch. As a Product Manager at AnchorFree, you are the ultimate owner of the customer experience for your
1/10/2015 Mountain View, CA Save This JobAbout the Position The primary responsibility is assisting Consulting Manager?s for the delivery of Reval?s Treasury and Risk Management product implementations in North America. Additionally, administers and insures compliance with all company standards, policies and
1/10/2015 New York, NY Save This JobJob Description: Centrify is seeking a Technical Support Engineer to join our outstanding Technical Support team, providing world class support to our growing list of enterprise customers. As our ideal candidate, you must be an energetic self-starter with a desire to learn new
1/10/2015 Salt Lake City, UT Save This JobVets First Choice, the nation?s largest online veterinary partner pharmacy, is currently seeking a full time Warehouse Associate in our Omaha, NE location. Our Warehouse Associates gather and process the product required for filling daily customer orders, ensuring accuracy at
1/10/2015 Omaha, NE Save This JobGeneral Requirements: Identifies, evaluates and documents computing system requirements. Designs, builds and tests delivery systems and components. Evaluates product usability, affordability, functionality, security and performance to assess suitability for integration into
1/10/2015 Los Angeles, CA Save This JobBrigade is an early stage startup seeking to disrupt the status quo and reenergize public participation in our democracy. People feel powerless, disconnected, and disenfranchised by big interest groups, big money, and less representation at all levels of government-- and we have
1/10/2015 San Francisco, CA Save This JobNIKSUN is a recognized worldwide leader in making the Unknown Known. The company develops and deploys a complete range of award-winning forensics, compliance, security surveillance and performance management solutions for applications ranging from core infrastructures to edge and
1/9/2015 Princeton, NJ Save This JobNIKSUN is a recognized worldwide leader in making the Unknown Known. The company develops and deploys a complete range of award-winning forensics, compliance, security surveillance and performance management solutions for applications ranging from core infrastructures to edge and
1/9/2015 Princeton, NJ Save This Job


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PlantFiles: Narrow-leaf Zinnia
Zinnia angustifolia 'Crystal White'
Family: Asteraceae (ass-ter-AY-see-ee) (Info) Genus: Zinnia (ZIN-ya) (Info) Species: angustifolia (an-gus-tee-FOH-lee-uh) (Info) Cultivar: Crystal White Synonym:Zinnia linearis One vendor has this plant for sale. 4 members have or want this plant for trade. Category: Height: Spacing: Hardiness: Sun Exposure: Danger: Bloom Color: Bloom Time: Foliage: Other details: Soil pH requirements: Patent Information: Propagation Methods: Seed Collecting: | Click thumbnail to view: By poppysue By gardenermaid By ericabelle By FlowerManiac By FlowerManiac By green76thumb |
3 positives
No neutrals
No negatives
Gardeners' Notes:
This plant has been said to grow in the following regions:
Fernandina Beach, Florida
Savannah, Georgia
Barbourville, Kentucky
Hebron, Kentucky
Springfield, Massachusetts
Bellaire, Michigan
West Plains, Missouri
Winston Salem, North Carolina
Findlay, Ohio
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Cordova, Tennessee
Coppell, Texas
Radford, Virginia


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CNET TV's Brian Tong discusses the latest in Apple news, rumors, tips, and tricks. This week, the iPad gets more television than you can shake a stick at, iPhone 4 rumors heat up with reports of Apple testing near field communications, and a quick tip for reading PDFs in iOS 4.
The most important things to know when shopping for a cell phone.
The LG Watch Urbane LTE runs on the LG Wearable Platform, which traces its roots back to the beloved old mobile operating system.
Visa's "tokenization" service substitutes your credit card data with random numbers when you pay for items with your phone, a move that could open the door for Apple Pay and its rivals.
The mobile-payments alliance will allow Google Wallet to come loaded onto Android smartphones at all four US national wireless carriers.
LoopPay is a mobile-payment system that could power Samsung's smartphone transactions in the future. Here's what we know so far.
Apple Pay is off to a fast start, but LoopPay may have an edge when it comes to working with existing point-of-sale systems.
With Chinese financial institutions playing hardball, Apple's new payments system may not make its way to the country anytime soon, according to MarketWatch.
With so many smartwatches due this year, what will Pebble do to compete? Pebble CEO Eric Migicovsky discusses a "new metaphor," and on-board heart rate may not be part of the equation.


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- Your file is being downloaded. It will remain available for download from the "My Files" section of your member area for 72 hours.
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begeisterter mann am laptop
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["arm","chat","cheer","communication","computer","couch","cyberspace","elation","fun","home","laptop","living room","look","male","man","mobile","modern","notebook computer","online","person","portrait","scream","sexy","sitting","smile","smiling","success","surf","technology","victory","winner","young"]
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Edison Research's Sean Ross just penned a remarkable post-mortem on WCBS-FM but the real lessons come in a comment written to the postings after the article written by Joe McCoy, 21-year PD of CBS-FM:
The real reason why we were successful: we always "seized the moment" & were not afraid to take chances. The great Personalities talked to our listeners, not at them…we made them feel passion for the radio station. Yes, we were full service because we were talking to adults and they needed info. We played music that theTri-State area loves and did things that would touch them like "Christmas Wish" & "The Rock n' Roll Radio Greats Reunions"
We all had research but, programming a great radio station takes more than that. It's the confidence to take chances and do what you think is the right thing. I guess you could say CBS-FM was "Joe" before Jack ever came into being. We were variety personified. It was every New York.
I'm looking forward to new opportunities in radio on July 12th. Thanks again to all of the great listeners who loved our station!
-- Joe McCoy
CLICK ON THE LINK ABOVE TO ROSS' ARTICLE AND READ, IF NOTHING ELSE, JUST THE NAMES OF THE MANY RADIO PROS AND PROGRAMMING LEGENDS PAYING TRIBUTE TO JOE. He deserves every single one of them and .. more.
Make it Matter On-Air and On Social!
You have approximately 15 seconds to make a first impression. That is just
as true in radio as it is in real life. The amount of time you are granted
5 weeks ago


text:
ThePurrMonster's Navan, Ireland
5 Reviews
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Copper and Spices
18 Ludlow Street
"BEST Indian in Meath"
I have been going to Copper & Spices for the past 3 years. It is the best Indian restaurant in Meath...
read more
The Peacock Bistro
I frequent the Peacock for brekie every second weekend. The mini-fry be delicious and a large portio...
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Hyland's Fish and Chips - CLOSED
Watergate Street
"The way it should be...."
Recently went here for fish and chips. The food was excellent and it was refreshing to see somebody ...
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The Central Bar and Restaurant
4 Trimgate Street
"I won't be back...."
I recently brought a few friends here for lunch for the first time. I had the fish and chips which i...
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text:
US 20060218469 A1 Abstract A memory controller couples 32-bit data words to and from a DRAM. The DRAM generates error checking and correcting syndromes to check and correct read data. The DRAM generates the syndromes from respective 128-bit data words each formed by 4 32-bit data words written to the DRAM, and thereby achieves a low syndrome bit overhead. The memory controller may write data words to the DRAM having less than 128 bits by first reading 4 32-bit words from the DRAM, substituting the write data for a corresponding number of bits of read data, and writing the new 128-bit word to the DRAM by writing 4 32-bit words.
Claims(2) 1. A method of reading data from and writing data to a memory device having an array of memory cells, comprising:
coupling a memory write command to the memory device; coupling at least one M-bit word of write data to the memory device, where M is a positive integer; within the memory device, using N of the M-bit words to generate an error checking and correcting syndrome, where N is a positive integer greater than one; coupling at least a portion of the N M-bit words to the array of memory cells; storing the generated syndrome in the memory device; coupling a memory read command to the memory device; in response to the read command, coupling N M-bit words from the array of memory cells; within the memory device, using a syndrome corresponding to the N M-bit words coupled from the array of memory cells to determine if any of the bits of the N M-bit words coupled from the array of memory cells is in error; if any of the bits of the N M-bit words are determined to be in error, using the syndrome to correct each erroneous bit and provide corrected N M-bit words, and coupling at least one of the corrected N M-bit words from the memory device; and if any of the bits of the N M-bit words are not determined to be in error, coupling at least one of the N M-bit words coupled from the array of memory cells from the memory device. 2-63. (canceled)
Description This invention relates to dynamic random access memory (�DRAM�) devices, and, more particularly, to a method and system for checking and correcting data read from memory devices in a manner that is cost-effective and consumes relatively little power. As the use of electronic devices, such as personal computers, continue to increase, it is becoming ever more important to make such devices portable. The usefulness of portable electronic devices, such as notebook computers, is limited by the limited length of time batteries are capable of powering the device before needing to be recharged. This problem has been addressed by attempts to increase battery life and attempts to reduce the rate at which such electronic devices consume power. Various techniques have been used to reduce power consumption in electronic devices, the nature of which often depends upon the type of power consuming electronic circuits that are in the device. For example, electronic devices such a notebook computers, typically include dynamic random access memory (�DRAM�) devices that consume a substantial amount of power. As the data storage capacity and operating speeds of DRAM devices continues to increase, the power consumed by such devices has continued to increase in a corresponding manner. In general, the power consumed by a DRAM device increases with both the capacity and the operating speed of the DRAM devices. The power consumed by DRAM devices is also affected by their operating mode. A DRAM device for example, will generally consume a relatively large amount of power when the memory cells of the DRAM device are being refreshed. As is well-known in the art, DRAM memory cells, each of which essentially consists of a capacitor, must be periodically refreshed to retain data stored in the DRAM device. Refresh is typically performed by essentially reading data bits from the memory cells in each row of a memory cell array and then writing those same data bits back to the same cells in the row. A relatively large amount of power is consumed when refreshing a DRAM because rows of memory cells in a memory cell array are being actuated in the rapid sequence. Each time a row of memory cells is actuated, a pair of digit lines for each memory cell are switched to complementary voltages and then equilibrated. As a result, DRAM refreshes tends to be particularly power-hungry operations. Further, since refreshing memory cells must be accomplished even when the DRAM is not being used and is thus inactive, the amount of power consumed by refresh is a critical determinant of the amount of power consumed by the DRAM over an extended period. Thus many attempts to reduce power consumption in DRAM devices have focused on reducing the rate at which power is consumed during refresh. Refresh power can, of course, be reduced by reducing the rate at which the memory cells in a DRAM are being refreshed. However, reducing the refresh rate increases the risk that data stored in the DRAM memory cells will be lost. More specifically, since, as mentioned above, DRAM memory cells are essentially capacitors, charge inherently leaks from the memory cell capacitors, which can change the value of a data bit stored in the memory cell over time. However, current leaks from capacitors at varying rates. Some capacitors are essentially short-circuited and are thus incapable of storing charge indicative of a data bit. These defective memory cells can be detected during production testing, and can then be repaired by substituting non-defective memory cells using conventional redundancy circuitry. On the other hand, current leaks from most DRAM memory cells at much slower rates that span a wide range. A DRAM refresh rate is chosen to ensure that all but a few memory cells can store data bits without data loss. This refresh rate is typically once every 64 ms. The memory cells that cannot reliably retain data bits at this refresh rate are detected during production testing and replaced by redundant memory cells. One technique that has been used to prevent data errors during refresh as well as at other times is to generate an error correcting code �ECC,� which is known as a �syndrome,� from each item of stored data, and then store the syndrome along with the data. When the data are read from the memory device, the syndrome is also read, and it is then used to determine if any bits of the data are in error. As long as not too many data bits are in error, the syndrome may also be used to correct the read data. A computer system 10 employing typical ECC techniques is shown in The system controller 16 includes a memory controller 30 that is coupled to a dynamic random access memory (�DRAM�) 32 through an address bus 36, a control bus 38, a syndrome bus 40, and a data bus 42. The DRAM 32 includes an array 34 of memory cells that stores data and a syndrome coupled through the data bus 42 and the syndrome bus 40, respectively. The locations in the DRAM 32 to which data are written and data are read are designated by addresses coupled to the DRAM 32 on the address bus 36. The operation of the DRAM is controlled by control signals coupled to the DRAM 32 on the control bus 38. In operation, when data are to be written to the DRAM 32, the memory controller 30 generates a syndrome and then couples the syndrome and the write data to the DRAM 32 through the syndrome bus 40 and the data bus 42, respectively. The memory controller 30 also couples control signals to the DRAM 32 through the control bus 38 and a memory address through the address bus 36. The data are then stored in an array 34 of DRAM memory cells. When the stored data are to be read from the DRAM. 32, the memory controller 30 applies control signals to the DRAM 32 through the control bus 38 and a memory address to the DRAM 32 through the address bus 36. Read data and the corresponding syndrome are then coupled from the DRAM 32 to the memory controller 30 through the data bus 42 and syndrome bus 40, respectively. The memory controller 30 then uses the syndrome to determine if any bits of the read data are in error, if not too many bits are in error, to correct the read data. The use of ECC techniques can significantly improve the reliability of data stored in the DRAM 32. Furthermore, the use of ECC techniques can allow the DRAM to be refreshed at a slower refresh rate since resulting data bit errors can be corrected. The use of a slower refresh rate can provide the significant advantage of reducing the power consumed by the DRAM 32. However, the need to perform ECC processing on read data all during refresh can consume a significant amount of power. Further, the use of ECC techniques requires that a significant portion of the DRAM storage capacity be used to store the syndromes, thus requiring that the size of the DRAM semiconductor die be increased to maintain the storage capacity of the DRAM 32. Further, to the extent that power is required to store the syndromes, the use of ECC techniques can increase power consumption. The amount of power consumed by storage of the syndrome each time data are written to the DRAM 32 is a function of the number of bits in the syndrome. The size of the syndrome needed to correct single bit error is determined by the number of bits in the data being checked and corrected, and is given by the following table:
There is therefore a need for a memory system and method that detects and corrects errors in data stored in DRAMs while consuming relatively little power and consuming relatively little space on a semiconductor die, and which does not require substantial modifications in the operation of memory controllers that are coupled to the DRAMS. An error checking and correcting memory device and method includes on-board circuitry for generating a syndrome from the data written to the memory device. The syndrome is generated from more bits of write data than the number of write data bits that can be simultaneously coupled to the memory device. More specifically, the syndrome is generated from several write data words that are sequentially coupled to the memory device. The memory device uses the syndrome to check and correct any data that are read from the memory device. The use of data having a large number of bits to generate the syndrome allows the syndrome bit overhead to be relatively low so that a significant amount of storage capacity is not used to store the syndrome. A computer system 100 according to one embodiment of the invention is shown in The DRAM 102 is able to use ECC techniques with relatively little syndrome bit overhead by generating syndromes from a relatively wide data word. In one embodiment of the invention, a data bus 42 having a width of 32 bits is used. However, in that embodiment, the ECC logic 110 generates syndromes from 128-bit data words. Therefore, every write requires that 4 32-bit words be coupled through the data bus 42. As shown in Table 1, the 128 bit word requires a syndrome of only 8 bits, which achieves a syndrome bit overhead of only 6 percent. As mentioned above, the ECC logic 110 generates syndromes from 128-bit data words, but the memory controller 30 often writes data to the DRAM 102 in bytes consisting of 8 bits or some other number of bits less than 128 bits. To solve this problem the computer system 100 operates in a manner that allows the ECC logic 110 to generate a syndrome when only 8 bits, or data having less than 128 bits, are being written to the DRAM 102. The manner in which the computer system 100 operates in this manner will now be explained with reference to a flow chart 200 shown in Although the operation of the computer system 100 has been explained in the context of a system 100 having a 32-bit data bus 42 and ECC logic that generates a syndrome from 128-bit data words formed by 4 32-bit words, it will be understood that computer systems may use data buses having different widths, and the word from which the syndrome is formed, which may be other than 128 bits, may be formed by a lesser or greater number of smaller words, such as words having 32-bits. A synchronous DRAM (�SDRAM�) 300 according to one embodiment of the invention is shown in One of the latch & decoder circuits 320 a-d is enabled by a control signal from the bank control logic 316 depending on which bank of memory cell arrays 322 a-d is selected by the bank address. The selected latch & decoder circuit 320 applies various signals to its respective bank 322 as a function of the row address stored in the latch & decoder circuit 320. These signals include word line voltages that activate respective rows of memory cells in the banks 322. The row address multiplexer 318 also couples row addresses to the row address latch & decoder circuits 320 a-d for the purpose of refreshing the memory cells in the banks 322 a-d. The row addresses are generated for refresh purposes by a refresh counter 330. During operation in a self-refresh mode, the refresh counter 330 periodically begins operating at times controlled by a self-refresh timer 332. After the bank and row addresses have been applied to the address register 312, a column address is applied to the address register 312. The address register 312 couples the column address to a column address counter/latch circuit 334. The counter/latch circuit 334 stores the column address, and, when operating in a burst mode, generates column addresses that increment from the received column address. In either case, either the stored column address or incrementally increasing column addresses are coupled to column address & decoders 338 a-d for the respective banks 322 a-d. The column address & decoders 338 a-d apply various signals to respective sense amplifiers 340 a-d and 342 a-d through column interface circuitry 344. The column interface circuitry 344 includes conventional I/O gating circuits, DQM mask logic, read data latches for storing read data from the memory cells in the banks 322 and write drivers for coupling write data to the memory cells in the banks 322. The column interface circuitry 344 includes the ECC generator/checker 346 that is the ECC logic 110 in the DRAM 102 of Syndromes read from the syndrome section 326 of one of the banks 322 a-d are sensed by the respective set of sense amplifiers 340 a-d and then coupled to the ECC generator checker 346. Data read from the data section 324 one of the banks 322 a-d are sensed by the respective set of sense amplifiers 342 a-d and then stored in the read data latches in the column interface circuitry 344. The data are then coupled to a data output register 348, which applies the read data to a data bus 350. Data to be written to the memory cells in one of the banks 322 a-d are coupled from the data bus 350 through a data input register 352 to write drivers in the column interface circuitry 344. The write drivers then couple the data to the memory cells in one of the banks 322 a-d. A data mask signal �DQM� is applied to the column interface circuitry 344 and the data output register 348 to selectively alter the flow of data into and out of the column interface circuitry 344, such as by selectively masking data to be read from the banks of memory cell arrays 322 a-d. The above-described operation of the SDRAM 300 is controlled by control logic 356, which includes a command decoder 358 that receives command signals through a command bus 360. These high level command signals, which are typically generated by a memory controller (not shown in The control logic 356 also includes a mode register 364 that may be programmed by signals coupled through the command bus 360 during initialization of the SDRAM 300. The mode register 364 then generates mode control signals that are used by the control logic 356 to control the operation of the SDRAM 300 in various modes. Finally, the control logic 356 also includes an ECC controller 370 that causes the control logic 356 to issue control signals to the ECC generator checker 346 and other components to generate syndromes for storage in the syndrome section 326 of the banks 322 a-d, and to check and correct data read from the data section 324 of the banks 322 a-d using syndromes stored in the sections 326. The interfaces between the sense amplifiers 340, 342, the ECC generator/checker 346 and certain components in the column interface circuitry 344 are shown in greater detail in The ECC generator/checker 346 includes a comparator 384 that provides an error indication in the event the read data contains an error. The ECC generator/checker 346 then couples the corrected 128-bit word to additional column steering logic 388, and also couples the corrected 128-bit word back through the column steering logic 380 to the banks 322 a-d so that the banks will now contain correct data. The column steering logic 388 uses the 2 least significant bits 0-1 of a column address to select 1 of 4 32-bit groups of data bits and couples the data bits to the memory controller 30 ( Although the present invention has been described with reference to the disclosed embodiments, persons skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, although the 128-bit write data word has been described of as being formed from 96 bits of read data and 8 bits of new write data, it will be understood that the 128-bit write data may be formed by other means. Classifications
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Recent News
January 13, 2015
Joseph A. LoCicero, President and CEO of The Segal Group has announced that Mildeen Worrell has joined the firm as Vice President and Compliance Practice Leader for the East Region.
January 12, 2015
Joseph A. LoCicero, President & CEO of The Segal Group, has announced that Carole Henry has joined the firm's West Region as Vice President and Health Benefits Manager in its Phoenix office.
Upcoming Events
Segal consultants will speak and/or present material at the conferences and meetings listed below:
Albany New York State Association of School Business Officials (NYSASBO) Insurance Symposium
"Health Plan Transparency: Do you Know the Drivers of Your Health Plan's Costs?"
Lawrence Singer, New York
March 17, 2015National Public Employee Labor Relations Association Annual Conference
Mitch Bramstaedt, Chicago
"Labor Economy Update"
Tim Barron, Segal Rogerscasey, Darien
March 29, 2015ACI's 9th ERISA Litigation Conference
"Underlying Exposures and Coverage Issues, Placing and Underwriting Insurance, Future Needs, and Strategic Litigation and Settlement Considerations"
Brian Smith, New York
April 13, 2015Featured Expert
The number of retirees covered by benefits plans are increasing, and costs are continuing to rise. Join Segal SVP and Consultant Andrew Sherman for a discussion of how the Affordable Care Act (ACA) is bringing increased focus to questions and issues surrounding retiree benefits.
To see a larger version of this, visit our experts videos page.
Presentations & Webinars
Multiemployer Pension Reform Act of 2014
January 15, 2015
2014: Segal Select's Year-End Insurance Review
December 4, 2014
The Cost of Healthcare: Findings From the 2015 Segal Health Plan Cost Trend Survey
November 13, 2014
Arizona Public Employers Health Pool (APEHP)
October 22, 2014
Articles by Segal Experts
Helping DC Plan Participants Manage "Longevity Risk"
By Wendy Carter, January 2015, NAGDCA Newsletter
What Obesity's Designation as a Disease Means for Plan Sponsors
By Dr. Sadhna Paralkar and Edward A. Kaplan, January 2015, IPMA HR News
How Public Pension Plans Can Develop and Maintain Actuarially Responsible Funding Policies: FOUR PERSPECTIVES
By Paul Angelo and Brad Ramirez, December 2014, IPMA HR News
Hot Topics
Frequently Asked Questions from Health Plan Sponsors about the Anthem Data Breach
February 19, 2015
Anthem, California and Connecticut Websites Provide Additional Information on Data Breach
February 19, 2015
Recommended New Year's Resolution for Plan Fiduciaries: Prompt Notification of Claims, Audits or Investigations
January 22, 2015


text:
News Detail
Teddi 32 Coming Soon
Teddi 32 is right around the corner, and just last week, the committee celebrated "100 Days 'til Teddi" throughout campus with a plethora of Teddi décor and free haircuts to promote the committee's "Pantene Beautiful Lengths" initiative.
Teddi 31 raised just under $51,000, and the committee is working hard to surpass that amount at Teddi 32, which will take place February 21 and 22, 2014.
At the Courage Bowl, the committee hosted a Sticky Lips BBQ tailgate fundraiser, sold Teddi mugs and apparel, and staged a 24-minute mini-dance marathon after Fisher's victory. They also held a "Trick Shots for Teddi" basketball tournament on November 7.
The co-captains of the alumni sub-committee, Jenna Curtis and Jenna Joensen, say there are still plenty of opportunities for alumni to become involved:
- Come to Teddi 32 to dance or volunteer. Alumni and their family and friends are always welcome!
- "Like" the Teddi Dance For Love Facebook page and follow them on Twitter (@TeddiDance4Love) and Instagram (TeddiDance4Love). The committee keeps those sites updated regularly to keep Teddi supporters informed of new developments all the time.
- Interested in being a corporate sponsor of Teddi 32? Let the committee know you're looking for a corporate sponsorship packet.
- Hair, hair, everywhere! Last year, the Locks of Love sub-committee collected just over 1,220 inches of hair. This year's sub-committee is called Beautiful Lengths, and they are taking hair donations of 8 inches or more. Get your hair cut by professional stylists and donate right at Teddi 32, or send it to the committee and it will be added to this year's total.
- Join the committee meeting on Wednesday nights in the COP room of the Campus Center.
For more information on Teddi 32, or to participate in any of the events leading up to it, visit the Teddi website or contact the committee at 585-385-7307 or firstname.lastname@example.com.
Stay connected with the Fisher community! Update your contact information to hear about upcoming alumni events, news, and more!
Latest Alumni News
- 2015 Lobene Lecture to Feature Best-Selling Author Dr. Sherry Turkle March 23
- 2013 Alumnus Publishes Article in U.S. Naval Institute Magazine
- March First Friday Lecture Focus is European Influence in Rochester
- Fisher to Participate in 2015 "If All of Rochester Reads the Same Book" Program
- Lavery Library to Host Traveling Lincoln Exhibition
- Alumna Releases Romance Novel
- Alumna Named President of Roberts Communications
- St. John Fisher College's 12th Justinian Medal Presented to Michael R. Law, Esq. '69
- Bain Starts Farewell Tour, Visiting Alumni Across Country
- Carhart '12 and Harney '13 Produce "UFO" Music Video


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Indoor climbing, Vertex Climbing Center
No opinions for Vertex Climbing Center yet ... leave your opinion
3358a Coffey Lane Santa Rosa, CA 95403
Vertex offers top-rope walls, lead climbing walls, and bouldering with a wide variety of difficulty. The shapes and angles range from slabs (less than vertical) to steeply overhanging caves. The mezzanine holds a complete weight room which includes treadmills, stairmasters and ellipticals. There are also complete locker room facilities.
Vertex Climbing Center climbs, routes & problems
Climbfind does know about the climbs here yet...
Add a climb, route or problem to Vertex Climbing Center now...Vertex Climbing Center activity
Shannon Lo Ricco
Vertex Climbing CenterLooking for a climbing partner anytime on the weekend. I climb lead and top rope. I'm Australian and am mostly an industrial climber but have spent the last year in South Africa sports climbing and am getting a taste for it. Just keen to climb. If you ar … ...
Alex Roa
Vertex Climbing CenterLooking for a lead-climb partner... I've lead indoors and out for years, though not for the past 1-2 years much. Looking to get back to it! Mostly available weekday evenings and some weekends...
Natalie W.
Vertex Climbing CenterI need a some new climbing blood-- been climbing for a few years and have lead and outdoor/trad follow experience, but not pro. Would like to increase my strength.
Vertex Climbing CenterIn town on Wed afternoon and looking to TR for 2.5 hr or longer. Somewhat flex on start time but prefer starting around 3pm. Pls leave number and start time and I'll txt back to confirm. I climb 5.11s Pls confirm tonight since I don't live in Santa Rosa. … ...
Lucas Goldstone
Vertex Climbing CenterHey, I'm pretty new to climbing, just looking for a partner to climb with...
Mark Kohut
Vertex Climbing CenterNew to the area and don't know anyone. Haven't climbed a ton for years but looking to get serious again. Looking for a partner to climb with.
Marisa S
Vertex Climbing CenterNew female climber looking for female climbing partners in the area.