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PowerVM Virtual Ethernet Speed is often confused with VIOS, SEA IVE/HEA speed
I have had a couple of Power systems administrators make assumptions about the virtual Ethernet speed improvements when they install a 10 Gb IVE/HEA in a VIOS which are simply not true. I guess that if three teams have made this mistake then others are about too. So I intend here to put the record straight. The expectation is that (deliberately fully spelt out long-hand to make it very clear): When they upgrade the Integrated Virtual Ethernet (also called a Host Ethernet Adapter) from 1 Gigabit per second to 10 Gigabit per second that the... [More]
Etiquetas:  vios machine misunderstood power6 power7 aix virtual ethernet speed powervm |
The LPAR term is dead - Long live the Virtual Server / Machine
I am not making a claim to fame (OK, I am really) but the UK Power Systems Advanced Technical Support group (that is me and Gareth) dropped the term "LPAR" or Logical Partition as a New Years resolution. We like to occasionally test to see if we can influence other IBMers and the IT Industry. We now in 2011 onwards use the terms: Virtual Server - this is the term used by Systems Director for over three years. While I can live with that name but the abbreviation of VS - it just does not feel or sound right. Virtual Machine - this... [More]
Etiquetas:  power server vm powervm virtual lpar power7 powersystems machine |
PowerVM has multiple internal Virtual Ethernet Switches - Info please?
This is a follow on to a previous blog on " PowerVM Virtual Ethernet Speed is often confused with VIOS, SEA IVE/HEA speed "- here is a Direct Link I regularly get asked : "I have just heard about this [PowerVM virtual switch | vSwitch | Hypervisor Ethernet Switch] is available but I can't find out any information at all, help!" They are wanting to run two (or more) virtual switches within the one Power machine to completely separate the network packets of groups of virtual machines (LPARs) so they know for sure there can... [More]
Etiquetas:  vswitch switch hypervisor power6 power aix ethernet powervm power7 virtual |
Rule of Thumb: Sizing the Virtual I/O Server
I often get asked: How large to make a pair of Virtual I/O Server (VIOS)? The classic consultant answer is "it depends on what you are doing with Disk & Network I/O" is not very useful to the practical guy that has to size a machine including the VIOS nor the person defining the VIOS partition to install it! Observations : The VIOS server unfairly gets a bad press but note: Physical adapters are now in the VIOS, so device driver CPU cycles (normally hidden and roughly half of the OS CPU System time) move to the VIOS - this is not... [More]
Etiquetas:  vios aix i/o sizing power6 virtual server power7 linux |
Local, Nar & Far Memory part 6 - Too High a Virtual Processor number has a Bad Side Effect
The title should read "Local, Near & Far ..." - I will not correct it or links might fail. In this entry we carry on from part 5 but we are going to look at setting the virtual processor number for the virtual machine . There is a side effect that is not obvious and after 6 years of using them, it never occurred to me so perhaps it is news to others too. The problem of virtual processors is that they are ephemeral - i.e. they don't actually exist and costs nothing. So I find most systems administrators feel they can be generous... [More]
Etiquetas:  powervm virtual processor power7 aix entitlement power6 |
AIX Virtual Processor Folding is Misunderstood
This mysterious AIX CPU Folding area is often misunderstood, so below is what I know from osmosis from talking to various guru level developers over the last 10 years. Shared Processor virtual machines (LPARs for the old fashioned) have a setting called Virtual Processors (or VP for short). This is the number of physical CPUs that the virtual machines can spread out across - in fact, I prefer to call it the "spreading factor" as it is much more obvious what it means. This can be the upper threshold for the number of CPUs that can be... [More]
Etiquetas:  power7 powervm power6 hypervisor aix folding aix6 aix7 virtual processor |
Virtual Fibre Channel for NPIV Requires Memory too!
N-Port Id Virtualisation (NPIV) and virtual Fibre Channel adapters - like high speed physical adapters (see an earlier blog) do require memory to operator at full speed. NPIV effectively turns the Virtual I/O Server (VIOS) into a kind of virtual SAN switch where packets are passed through with no changes from the physical adapter to the client Virtual Machine (LPAR). I found it very hard to find a recommendation in the documentation but was given a rule of thumb. As before it should be noted that starving the VIOS and the Hypervisor of... [More]
Etiquetas:  thumb power7 of rule npiv adapters aix power virtual |
Local, Near & Far POWER7 Affinity Nine Conclusions
I thought I should summarise the long eleven part Local, Near & Far POWER7 Affinity series. 1) Placement: Find out the layout of your boxes CPU and RAM and if the RAM is evenly distributed across available DIMMs Find out the placement of your Virtual Machines (LPARs) with lssrad -av - or - topas -M 2) SMT4 : Expect POWER7 SMT4 CPU use to "look" different POWER5 & 6 have two equal threads POWER7 shuts down threads 3 & 4 and even thread 2 - when there is not enough processes running. 3) Entitlement : Only set minimum Entitlements,... [More]
Etiquetas:  lpar aix hypervisor entitlement processor systems firmware power power7 powervm virtual |
Local, Near & Far Memory part 8 - Dynamic LPAR changes can mess up your placement
After you have started and used your virtual machine (VM) for a while, you may decide to change its size using a Dynamic LPAR (DLPAR) change from the HMC (or SDMC or IVM, of course). This has virtual machine placement implications. When shrinking your VM, the hypervisor will decide which CPU or memory (LBM) to release and it might not select what you think is the obvious choice. When enlarging your VM, we might thing there is an obvious way to grow in a balanced way but we can't see: 1) where physically our virtual machine is placed in the... [More]
Etiquetas:  ram placement processor power6 power7 dlpar powervm vm lpar entitlement virtual lmb cpu aix |
Whole Power Server + Virtual Server Monitoring - Part 1 via Systems Director
I get email a few times a week like "Nigel, what do you recommend for getting a good view of what the whole Power Server is doing, what resources are free for reuse for further Virtual Machines and which Virtual Machines are busy" My detailed thoughts are on the DeveloperWorks AIX wiki here: AIX Other Performance Tools but it appears no one reads websites any more, so I thought I would blog a few examples by screen capture to illuminate what is available. My first Whole Power Server and Virtual Server view recommendation is Systems... [More]
Etiquetas:  systems power monitoring performance lpar virtual power7 server aix |
Question: Can one LPAR see the POWERVM internal network packets from another LPAR?
Another good questions from a customer and my answer was simple: The PowerVM internal network on POWER machines operates just like a physical network. If two LPAR are on the same internal network and the root user puts the virtual adapter in to promiscuous mode then it can see all packets. Just like a physical network. If the two LPARs are on different internal networks then they can never see the other LPARs packets. Just like two physical networks. If two LPAR are on the same internal network but on different VLANs then they can never see... [More]
Etiquetas:  vios virtual lpar power7 power network |
Don't miss out on the AIX Virtual User Group sessions & replays
I have been touring cities in Europe: Birmingham for the 4 day Technical University, Manchester, central London and Dublin for the Ask the Experts 1 day event and last week Copenhagen for a POWER & AIX User group Technical Event. I have had about 250 to 300 people in my sessions and asked every time - How knows about the AIX Virtual User Group and only had about 30 people put their hands up. I am amazed how few people have found this invaluable resource. The organiser, Joe Armstrong an IBMer, set-ups up roughly monthly world wide... [More]
Etiquetas:  user sessions virtual group aix replays |
Local, Near & Far Memory part 7 - VM placement also needs RAM
We all tend to concentrate on the CPU first and the memory second. CPUs, as the "brains" of the machine, does get a high focus and have a lot of extreme technology within it but the RAM is the "guts" of the machine to "feed" the CPU with nutrient data. OK, let us stop the analogy there :-) Along with reducing the number of CPUs via a lower virtual processor count, we also need to have the CPUs matching the memory - so AIX has a fighting change to localise a running process to its home SRAD and thus have it's data... [More]
Etiquetas:  entitlement ram lpar power7 vm placement virtual aix cpu power6 processor powervm lmb |
Local, Nar & Far Memory part 5 - Low Entitlement has a Bad Side Effect
The title should read "Local, Near & Far ..." - I will not correct it or links might fail. With a shared processor virtual machine (I am calling this "VM" but was called LPAR!) there are various suggestions of setting Entitlement ("Desired processing units" on the LPAR profile on the HMC, I am calling this "E") and Virtual Processor numbers (I am calling this "VP"). For Capped, the Entitlement is the maximum guaranteed CPU time that you can't go over and you round up the Entitlement to the... [More]
Etiquetas:  processor virtual powervm low aix power7 power6 entitlement |
PowerVM Virtual I/O Server - Recommended Levels
While I was installing a re-purposed POWER6 machine over the weekend, got round to installing my Dual Virtual I/O Servers, from DVD and then upgrading from there and I noticed a new service pack 2 for the latest VIOS version. It must have sneaked out without me noticing and there is a Interim fix too. The VIOS 22.214.171.124-FP24 SP2 Readme highlights lots of fixes including some for the Shared Storage Pool feature. A feature that I have been using and talking about (see this blog for more information). This got me thinking! I talk to lots... [More]
Etiquetas:  power7 server vios recommended aix levels i/o virtual power powervm |


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Bushwick -
- Elevator / Ground Floor: No
- Wheelchair Accessible: No
- Child-Friendly Art: No
- Pet-Friendly Building: Yes
- Strollers Welcome: Yes
Artist Statement
I explore the concept of reclamation - a world in which the natural order reclaims all and fills the void created after man vanishes (or is removed).
We humans are on an unsustainable path - exponential population growth balanced on a technologically sophisticated but delicate infrastructure. Beneath our feet, the planet is alive – relentless, primitive and wild. At some point the balance will tip.
My work is the result of shepherded instinct. I trust my hands and the untapped emotions of my subconscious to connect in some physical orchestration of motion, balance and hue.

subset: commoncrawl


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- / there is 94 Corvette with 104k mileage, are there any known mechanical problems with this year with ...
there is 94 Corvette with 104k mileage, are there any known mechanical problems with this year with hi mileage?
2 Answers
carGrrl answered 8 years ago
There are no known problems with high mileage 1994 Corvettes other than typical high mileage issues. Make sure that whoever you are buying it from took care and got regular oil changes. In addition, you may want to have the car evaluated by a mechanic before purchasing. Corvettes tend to retain their value, as they are often treated with great care by their owners. My advice would be to ask for any record of work done and to do a VIN search on possible accidents.
Corvette_420 answered 8 years ago
I bought a 1994 convertible with 89k, before 100k I replaced my waterpump $125 AUTOZONE, and I also had the opti-spark at the dealership part/labor $925. And of course to be super anal I replace all the hoses for less than $200 myself. Starter $125 i installed less than 20 min. I have enjoyed my car for about 5 years and I love it and get a rush just looking at it, and well i won't tell you what happens when i drive. When you buy look it over good, you will notice the good ones from them junk. Because a true Corvette lover will be able to tell you everything about the car from the first day he/she bought it. When you run a check on the VIN only trust the DMV records but look (physically) at the car for hidden damage. Because ALL shops DO NOT report damage. o yea insurance is something not to forget cause a Corvette thats 10 years or older cost more than a newer one for full coverage, so do some shopping take your time....Support your local Corvette Clubs
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Interviewing two little old ladies from New York sure fills a blog post in a hurry, doesn't it?
CAMPAIGN DIARY l Miami Beach
IF it weren't for the palm trees and sunshine, one could almost imagine this was New York. A stroll along the sea-side boardwalk this morning was full of encounters with transplanted New Yorkers, most of them retirees. There were white-haired men in Yankees caps, Orthodox Jews in beards and black, heavy accents from Brooklyn and Queens, and many little old ladies walking in sensible shoes.
South-east Florida is the heart of Rudy Giuliani's (rapidly diminishing) support in this state. On the day before the Republican primary here, an event the former mayor has staked his entire campaign upon, things are looking rather shaky. He has dropped like a stone in the polls, having been a front-runner for many months. At a time when many voters say the economy, national security and restoring faith in government are critical, Mr Giuliani doesn't seem to match up to John McCain or Mitt Romney in many people's minds. Despite this, he continues to campaign hard, hop-scotching around Florida nearly as much as his competitors.
Mr Giuliani has his fans. But the profile of his supporters is not as, oh, vibrant as the youthful demographic Barack Obama is attracting in droves. Two elderly ladies who were having an early morning chat by the beach today seem typical of many who support Mr Giuliani. The first woman emigrated to America from Czechoslovakia as a young wife and mother. She arrived in Brooklyn (recalling the date exactly) on October 23, 1944. She and her husband ran a grocery store in Flatbush while raising five children, and eventually bought a retirement home in Florida. She supports Mr Giuliani (she pronounces it GOO-lee-AN-ee) because he is "a good manager" who got New York City out of debt. "He's also, how they say, a democratic man," she adds in a thick accent.
The second lady, her friend (both decline to give their names), is an émigré from Belgium who was director of a school for Jewish immigrants in Brooklyn before buying a retirement home in Miami Beach. She calls America "the most wonderful country in history for the Jewish people." She supports Mr Giuliani too, after initially leaning toward Hillary Clinton. The problem with Mrs Clinton (who has "a great mind", she says) is that "lately her husband has been mixing in too much in the campaign." Then she offers an unsolicited comment about Mr Obama (who she calls "Omaha"): "I'm a little scared that the black population will vote from a racist point of view."
Her final thoughts on Mr Giuliani: "Tell him most of the Jewish people will vote for him." "Not just Jewish people!" her friend interjects. "OK, all the people who got somewhere," she says. It looks unlikely that there are enough of those to give Mr Giuliani the win he needs tomorrow. If the hero of 9/11 does as poorly in Florida as some polls suggest, he may not survive until Super Tuesday.


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Do both the hybrids and irons have graphite shafts?
Adams Men's Idea A12 OS Graphite Shaft Hybrid/ Iron Combo Set
Idea a12 OS hybrid irons are built with ultra thin faces, perimeter weighting, and CG's for higher launch. This set of game improvement irons features improved transitional hybrids as well as hybrids that feature Velocity Slot Technology.
- Details
- Shipping & Returns
- Reviews
The Idea a12 OS hybrid irons are built with ultra thin faces for a hotter ball flight, perimeter weighting for more forgiveness, and CG's for higher launch throughout the set. This set of game improvement irons features improved transitional hybrids (patented) as well as hybrids that feature Velocity Slot Technology. Velocity Slot Technology provides substantially more forgiveness and more distance.- Brand: Adams
- Model: Idea A12 OS
- Materials: Stainless steel
- Size: 4 Hybrid, 5 Hybrid, 6 Hybrid, 7-iron thru PW, GW
- Left-handed or right-handed: Right - handed
- Care instructions: Hand wash
Set includes
- Feature: 4 - Hybrid
- Feature:5 - Hybrid
- Feature: 6 - Hybrid
- Feature: 7 - iron
- Feature: 8 - iron
- Feature: 9 - iron
- Feature: Pitching wedge
- Feature: Gap wedge
Features | |
Handedness | Right-Handed And Left-Handed Golf Clubs Right-Handed Golf Clubs |
Shaft Flex | Firm Flex Regular Flex Senior Flex |
Shaft Type | Graphite Steel |
Player | Men's |
Club Category | Hybrids |
Dimensions | 43 x 5 x 5 |
Materials | Stainless steel |
Model Number | 170799130 |
Product Reviews
Questions & Answers
No, Some are steel.
can the clubs be customized to have a regular flex graphite shaft and a 2 dergree flat angle
Unfortunately we are unable to customize anything that is sold on our site. We have several golf clubs listed on our site. I would suggest continuing to shop, as you may find what you are looking for.
Shopping Guides
Golf Clubs Buying Guide
More than any other piece of golf equipment, golf clubs affect the size of your golf handicap -- and the size of your wallet -- so you want to make sure you find golf clubs that are right for your golf game. Nowadays, it is difficult to figure out which set of golf clubs is the right set. Golf club shafts used to be made from hickory but are now made from steel or carbon fiber (called graphite). Woods are no longer wood and irons are no longer iron; they're made from modern metals and alloys. This golf clubs buying guide will help you understand the characteristics and varieties of modern golf clubs, which will help you know how to buy golf clubs that best meet your needs.
Tips on Buying Golf Irons
Choosing the right golf irons for your game is crucial. You may want the most prestigious high-end driver as a status symbol, but when it comes to selecting your golf irons, what the pros use might not be right for you. Different irons are designed for different player abilities. Head design and the various materials of the head and shaft also affect the way you use them. If you're looking into getting new irons, evaluate the key features before choosing them to make sure you get the best golf irons for your game.
How to Give Underwear for Valentine's Gifts
If you're coming up with ideas for Valentine's Day gifts, you may be considering buying underwear for that special someone in your life. Intimates are a romantic Valentine's gift for men or women. Whether you're going for sultry lingerie for her or a comfortable robe and boxer short set for him, the following tips can help you find the perfect gift.
Best Sunroom Furnishing Ideas
Sunrooms are often some of the most popular areas of any home. Large windows and garden views make sunrooms feel like outdoor retreats while still providing the cover and warmth of indoor rooms. Because sunrooms are connected more to the outdoors than any other room in your home, pick design elements and furniture that work with that theme. Below, you'll find some of the best sunroom furnishing ideas. Seating: One of the most important parts of a sunroom is the seating arrangement. Since you'll likely want to spend many warm nights and bright days in your sunroom, you'll need adequate seating. Sunrooms typically feature either wood furniture or wrought iron seating. When deciding what's right for you, consider the overall look of the room as well as the intended comfort level. Wooden furniture with thick cushions is warmer and more comfortable than metal. A wicker sectional sofa with comfortable cushions will work well with the design of a sunroom. Alternatively, wrought iron benches and chairs give a modern look and feel to a room. Mismatched plush armchairs are a great way to bring both comfort and casual elegance to a sunroom. Tables: When picking out tables for your sunroom, consider how you're going to use the area. Choose a low table that can act as a coffee table for guests to set down their drinks. Tables with glass inserts match sunrooms well because of surrounding glass windows. Sunrooms are a popular place to go during parties and family get-togethers, so consider adding a small dining table and chairs to the room for meals. Design elements: Although sunrooms are indoors, they tie in the nature and wonder of the outdoors. Choose design elements that bring both sun and nature into the room. Wicker planters can hold plants of your choice. Place planters on side tables and on the floor next to entrances to give an inviting impression as guests enter the room. Artwork can change a bland sunroom into something charming and interesting. Look for paintings and sculptures that incorporate colors and themes from the surrounding decor. View All Furniture Back to Guides Directory View All Furniture
Best Vitamins to Take Daily
It's difficult to eat well enough in our fast-paced world to get the full daily recommended amount of nutritional support from food. Taking vitamins is a simple way to ensure that you are maintaining your health properly. Supplying your body with the right amount of vitamins will help boost your immune system, reduce the amount of harmful free radicals in your body, increase your energy levels and help you feel your best. You can get the nutrition vitamins that you need by adding a multivitamin to your routine. When shopping for a multivitamin, look for these vitamins. Vitamin C. Vitamin C is one of the best nutrition vitamins to take daily. Vitamin C is responsible for assisting the body in absorbing iron to the blood. It is also essential for the development and growth of healthy cells, and it can do wonders for your immune system. Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin, so it needs to be replenished regularly. The recommended dose of vitamin C each day is 90 milligrams for men and 75 milligrams for women. B vitamins. When comparing multivitamins, check for a comprehensive set of B vitamins. These water-soluble vitamins are essential for blood health, a strong immune system, a robust metabolism, healthy skin, proper cell development and nervous system function. If you do not receive enough of the B-complex vitamins, particularly vitamin B12, you can develop anemia and have an increased risk for nerve damage. B vitamins also go by a variety of other names, including thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, folic acid and cobalamin. Each B vitamin has a different daily requirement, so check multivitamin labels carefully. Vitamin D. Vitamin D is essential for the healthy development and maintenance of bone and skin. Vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium, which prevents bone density loss and fractures. Vitamin D can be absorbed from sunlight with approximately 15 minutes of sun exposure each day. If 15 minutes of sun exposure doesn't fit into your daily routine, consider purchasing a multivitamin with vitamin D. The daily recommended intake of vitamin D is 200 to 400 IU for both men and women. Avoid taking more than 400 IU per day, as vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin and has the potential for overdose. Vitamin A. Vitamin A is essential for healthy eyes, a robust immune system, reproductive health, and good skin and bones. Vitamin A is also an antioxidant, which means it helps promote healthy cell function and growth, so it affects the entire body. Adults should get approximately 3500 IU per day, with at least 20 percent from beta-carotene. Vitamin E. Vitamin E is an antioxidant. Its main role is to guard cell membranes from free radicals and oxidation, which can damage organs and tissue. Vitamin E is also currently being studied extensively to determine its role in preventing different types of cancer and other serious health problems. Adults should get approximately 35 IU of vitamin E per day. The content on this site is not intended to substitute for the advice of a qualified physician, pharmacist or other licensed healthcare professional. The products may have additional information and instructions on or inside the packaging that you should carefully read and follow. Contact your healthcare provider immediately if you suspect that you have a medical problem. The use of dietary supplements may not have been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease or health condition. View All Vitamins Back to Guides Directory View All Vitamins
Tips for Using Your Golf Irons
Before you can use your irons effectively, you need to understand what they are. In golf there are two types of clubs: woods and irons. The heads on woods used to be made of wood and the heads on irons used to be made of iron; both types of clubs can be made of metal these days, and steel has replaced iron as the most common material. Now that you know what irons are, read on for tips on how to use them on the course.
How to Replace Golf Club Grips
Your golf clubs are a big part of your game. They are the most important piece of golf equipment you own, and when you buy golf clubs, you can anticipate that they will last you many years. In order for your clubs to last that long, you have to take care of them and maintain them. One of the things that you can do is to change your own golf grips. Changing your golf grips can also greatly improve your game, giving you a better feel with your golf clubs.
How to Organize a Golf Bag
Your golf bag is more than just a receptacle for your golf clubs and golf balls. It should be an organized home to your golf equipment. By keeping your golf bag organized, it will be easier for you to compete because you will know where everything is and you won't have to search for anything in the middle of a round of golf.
Golf Shoes and Clothing Buying Guide
In the world of sports, there are few known for being stylish. Golf has that distinct honor, with its "uniform" of plaid golf clothing and origins in Scotland. But golf, which stands for "gentlemen only, ladies forbidden," doesn't require plaid kilts anymore -- and it isn't restricted to men. Today's golf clothes and golf shoes come in many different styles and colors for both men and women. This buying guide is designed to help you find the right golf apparel for the climate, the course and your personal tastes.
How to Shop for Golf Clubs Online
Of all the golf equipment you will buy, your golf clubs will cost most, so it may be a smart move to thoroughly research what styles are available to you before you make a purchase. This is especially important if you are shopping for a new golf club or golf club set online. Shopping for golf equipment online is the best way to find discount golf clubs, but it pays to read up on different kinds of clubs, since you won't be handling the clubs before you buy them. Keep reading for some tips on how to find the best golf clubs for you online.
Best Golf Equipment Accessories
When you are on the golf course to enjoy yourself, you want all the golf gear you can find to make the day better. Golf equipment accessories can make your game easier. Fortunately, there are all kinds of great golf equipment accessories available, which means every golfer can hit the course prepared. This article should educate you on some of the best golf equipment accessories.
Best Golf Bags for Every Golfer
Golfing has come a long way since it started hundreds of years ago. Then it was played by hitting leather balls around with sticks. There were no greens, no groomed teeing area, no golf carts and definitely no golf bags. Nowadays, picking the right golf bag to fit your style of play is as much an art as the game itself. Whether you are looking for men's or ladies golf bags, there are plenty of options. Here are some tips on choosing your perfect golf bag.
How to Buy Golf Clothes Online
Buying clothes online is convenient and smart. When it comes to buying clothes specifically made for a sport such as golf, sometimes factors should be taken into consideration other than style. Whether you are buying women's golf clothes or men's golf clothing, you may want to consider some of the following tips to make your golf clothing purchase fun and easy.
FAQs about Golf Bags
While all golf bags have one central purpose in common -- to carry a player's clubs during a round of golf -- there are many variations of golf bags designed to meet the specific needs of individual golfers. Here are some of the most frequently asked questions about golf bags and tips on how to choose a golf bag that will best serve you on the golf course.
Flat Iron Fact Sheet
A flat iron is essential for men and women who desire tresses that are sleek and pin-straight or spiked and textured. Flat irons, also commonly called hair straighteners or hair irons, are wonderful hair-care tool investments. Flat irons are versatile and offer professional hairstyling results, making them an important beauty arsenal item. Choosing the right hair straightener requires a careful look at a hair iron's overall construction and consideration for functions and features. Your specific hair-care needs and hairstyling desires will also play into choosing a straightener.
Retirement Gift Ideas for Men and Women
You have to be quick on your feet to keep up with today's retirees. Most of them are out hiking, skiing, playing golf and tennis, taking classes, volunteering, and traveling. For the best retirement presents, look for something that caters to this active lifestyle and celebrates the exchange of work responsibilities for more pleasurable pursuits. These gift ideas should help you find the perfect gift.
Father's Day Gift Buying Guide
Are you looking for the perfect Father's Day gift? Whether you are shopping for your dad, grandpa, or even husband, it can be difficult to know what to buy. To help you get started, here are some great gift ideas for the perfect gift that any dad will be sure to love.
Best Holiday Gifts for Men
Need an impressive gift for a great guy in your life? The best way to start shopping is to mentally list his interests and hobbies. Each shopping category has something for every man, and knowing what he loves and how he likes to spend his time makes all the difference when you're searching for the perfect gift.
Top 10 Gifts for the Best Man
The best man is the one of the overlooked heroes of the wedding day. Purchasing appropriate gifts for the best man is, therefore, an important gesture. While the couple gets all the attention, the stalwart best man stands on the sidelines, ready to be there for his good friend whenever he needs assistance. Consider the best man's hobbies and get him a gift that serves a proper thank-you.
Top 5 Birthday Gifts for Fathers from Sons
You want to let your dad know how much he means to you, and his birthday is the perfect time to do it. You may be stumped on what to get for him, but finding the perfect gift for your dad is as simple as knowing what his hobbies and interests are. Then, you can shop for the latest gifts that are related to those interests. With a little planning, you can give your dad a present he'll love every year.
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text:
So as some of you know I am building a 1950 Texaco Wrecker. I have been working on the cab paint. White body with red trim. Finished the whita and one coat of red and then grabbed the wrong can. Doh??!! Epic failure. So after a nice coat of Hugger Orange now I am back on track.
Just call me dumb a** lol.
Started by ARTEMIS1759, Apr 03 2012 09:15 AM
3 replies to this topic
Posted 03 April 2012 - 09:15 AM
Posted 03 April 2012 - 11:31 AM
I don't feel so bad now, I did the same thing the other day when painting my KW, was on the last coat of the white and grabed the wrong can that was olive green. Glad i'm not the only one that does this, lol
Posted 06 April 2012 - 08:45 PM
i think the worst is when you get a bit on your finger an dont notice it at first and then you keep working an you think all is well... flip that model around.... AWWW WTF hahahahah gotta love it
Posted 10 April 2012 - 09:47 AM
Yeah or picking up a not fully dried model and putting nice finger prints on them. Easy fix but still sucks.


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Online Travel Guide - USA
Honolulu, Waikiki and Oahu, Hawaii
Most Scenic Drives
Most Scenic Drives in Honolulu, Waikiki and Oahu, Hawaii
Click for Hotels.com Lowest Rates
Things to do / Travel Guide
Since much of Oahu is beautiful and exotic, most highway drives are quite scenic. Listed and described below are a few pleasant routes you can try.
Perhaps the most popular scenic route is between Honolulu and Kahuku on the northern point of the windward coast. This route is about 40 miles long. Leaving Honolulu on Route 61, you drive across the Koolau Mountain Range towards the windward coast. While driving through the middle of the state, you can check out Punchbowl crater. One of the most famous and spectacular view points on Oahu, the Pali lookout, is also along this route. Once on the other side of the Koolau, you can quickly get to beautiful Kailua and Lanikai Beach. Then travel north on Kamehameha Highway along the windward coast. Along the way to Kahuku, you will pass many scenic places and attractions, including many beautiful beaches. Some highlights are Kaneohe Bay, Kualoa Regional Park, Kahana Bay, the Polynesian Cultural Center, Laie point, and the Kahuku Sugar Mill.
Another scenic route option is to drive a full circuit around the southeast coast of Oahu. You cross the Koolau as above, but you go south along Route 61 once you get to the windward coast. This route is about 36 miles long and features the Pali lookout, the Sea Life Park, Makapuu Point, Hanauma Bay, and Koko Head. If you stay on the coastal road into Waikiki, you'll pass right by Diamond Head.


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TNT's Sager Receives Warm Welcome Back ESPN's "Mike & Mike" Celebrates 15 Years NASCAR Atlanta Race Sees Strong Audience ESPN Paying $7-9M For Hockey World Cup Media Notes ESPN To Air World Cup Of Hockey SportsNet LA Impasse Carries On Neuheisel Joins CBS As CFB Analyst ESPN's Traug Keller Talks Talent Galaxy Get New Radio Deal For '15
Upcoming Conferences and Events
SBD/11/Sports Media
Published July 11, 1995
In this morning's GLOBE & MAIL, Marty York reports that ESPN has offered the CFL a $1.5M contract to show 22 CFL games a season on ESPN and ESPN2 for the next three seasons. However, York writes that, "while the CFL is in dire need of additional income as well as national television exposure in the United States, the league's owners are divided on the proposal and may wind up rejecting it." Owners of the Shreveport and Baltimore franchises are concerned that the broadcasting games on ESPN2 "may actually be damaging the league's credibility and image," because of the Deuce's image as "something of a junk sports network." Shreveport Pirates Owner Bernie Glieberman: "Money is not the issue here. Credibility is. I don't consider ESPN2 major television. I don't think it's doing us much good. Do we want our product on the same network that covers street luge?" York notes that Glieberman is supported by Baltimore Co-Owner Michael Gelfand, who is becoming "increasingly influential." Glieberman says the league needs "major television" to survive. Glieberman: "Right now, we have an identity crisis in the States. Americans have a distorted perception of the CFL. They look at the CFL like it's some weird sport like rugby or something like that. ... We certainly can't stand back and think we're helping ourselves because ESPN2 does some of our games" (GLOBE & MAIL, 7/11). ONE MAN'S JUNK ... York reports that if CFL owners can't persuade ESPN to carry its games on the flagship network, "don't be surprised if Glieberman et al go knocking on Ted Turner's door. Hooking up with the Turner broadcasting empire makes far more business sense. It might just be a question of whether Turner considers the CFL too much of a junk sport for his taste" (GLOBE & MAIL, 7/11).


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Rear Window
Hacca's court win in defamation case
PUBLISHED: 22 Mar 2011 00:04:57 | UPDATED: 22 Mar 2011 00:04:57PUBLISHED: 22 Mar 2011 PRINT EDITION: 22 Mar 2011The NSW Court of Appeal upheld businesman Peter Holmes a Court's appeal against a defamation judgement made against him in 2009 in his fight for privatisation of the South Sydney rugby league club.
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US 6137291 A Abstract An MR coil array includes a plurality of telescopically arranged coil units, spanning the length of an extremity (e.g. a leg). The coil in each unit encircles the extremity, providing good SNR from all sides and for deep structures as well. The tapered shape of the array conforms generally to the patient anatomy, minimizing sensing distances, further enhancing SNR. A low ratio between the volume imaged and the aggregate coil conductor length further contributes to high SNR. A multiplicity of tuning capacitors makes the array relatively insensitive to detuning by differently-sized patients. Adjoining coils can be oriented to produce perpendicular magnetic fields, reducing coupling therebetween. An apparatus employing two such coil arrays allows imaging of two extremities at once.
Claims(7) 1. A coil assembly for acquiring magnetic resonance signals from a single extremity of a patient, comprising at least three non-planar coils, each defining an opening for receiving said single extremity, said first, second and third coils having openings of first, second and third dimensions, respectively, the first dimension being greater than the second, the second dimension being greater than the third, the coils being disposed in a telescopic arrangement, wherein each of the first, second, and third coils surround said single extremity.
2. The coil assembly of claim 1 wherein the first coil partially overlaps the second, and the second coil partially overlaps the third.
3. The coil assembly of claim 1 comprising N non-planar coils, where N is at least four, wherein the opening defined by one of said coils is smaller than that defined by two coils adjacent thereto, said adjacent coils both overlapping said smaller coil.
4. The coil assembly of claim 1 including a hinge arrangement on a side of the assembly for opening said assembly to receive the patient's single extremity therein, said coil assembly also including a coupling on a side thereof opposite the hinge arrangement to secure the coil assembly in a closed position around the single extremity for use, said first, second and third coils surround the single extremity when the coil assembly is in the closed position.
5. The coil assembly of claim 1 comprising first and second parts which detach from one another to receive the patient's extremity therein.
6. The coil assembly of claim 1 in which the coils each includes capacitors at a plurality of locations therearound to mitigate detuning of the coils in the presence of different patient loading, there being an average of more than five capacitors per coil.
7. The coil assembly of claim 6 in which there is an average of at least seven capacitors per coil.
Description This application claims priority from our now abandoned provisional application Ser. No. 601,024,138, filed Aug. 19, 1996. The present invention relates to magnetic resonance imaging, and more particularly relates to coil arrangements for enhancing the imaging of patient extremities. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is a preferred form of medical imaging for several reasons, among them the high resolution of the resulting imagery (independent of wavelength), and its lack of side effects. Over the past decade, considerable effort has been spent, and considerable progress has been made, in this field. However, existing MR techniques are still poorly suited for certain imaging tasks. One of these is in angiography of the extremities. MR angiography (MRA)--the imaging of the circulatory system--is difficult in the extremities for a variety of reasons. One is that the subjects being imaged--veins and arteries--become progressively smaller at locations remote from the heart. Small features are difficult to discern in existing MR angiography techniques because signals corresponding thereto are masked in the final image by noise signals. Little can be done about noise per se; where improvement is possible is in increasing the desired signals so that noise's masking effect is reduced. The figure of merit by which this aspect of an MR imaging system's performance is measured is "signal to noise ratio," or SNR. Another difficulty with any MR imaging of the extremities--especially the legs--is their size. To complete a MR examination of a patient's leg, the leg must be imaged at a variety of different locations, necessitating repeated repositioning of the patient. A typical examination requires three to six different patient positions. Such repositioning prolongs the examination, with attendant increase in cost and patient inconvenience. The original technique for MR angiography of the extremities, and the technique still most popular for imaging of the thigh, is use of a whole-body receiving coil. Disadvantages of this method include the time spent repositioning the patient for each station, limited SNR, and limited spatial resolution. Various attempts have been made to address the foregoing limitations of the body coil. None, however, has proved wholly satisfactory. One attempt to address such shortcomings is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,548,218 to Lu. In this system, three identical loop coils are positioned around a patient--one around the pelvic region; one around the thighs, and one around the calves. These coils are driven in phase quadrature with associated planar coils, yielding some small improvement in SNR. However, the overall performance is disappointing. Applicants believe the poor performance of Lu's system is due to its use of large, widely spaced coils to image from the pelvis to the feet. The weak signal emitted by precessing atoms--the phenomenon on which MR relies--diminishes with the cube of distance. So a change in distance from 2 cm. to 4 cm. (between the sensing coil and the precessing source) results in an eight-fold reduction in the signal strength received--nearly 10 dB. (This relationship does not hold for distances very near the sensing coil.) The large distances over which Lu's coils receive signals thus grossly impairs the SNR of the resulting imagery. Further, the large size of Lu's coils increases their noise pick-up, without a commensurate increase in their pick-up of desired MR signals (i.e. coil segments remote from a desired imaging site contribute little to the MR imagery of that site). Finally, the planar coils Lu employs to achieve quadrature operation suffer from the SNR drawbacks of all planar coils. Another approach to MR imaging of the extremities is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,500,596 to Grist et al (also described in Alley et al, "Development of a Phased-Array Coil for the Lower Extremities," Magn. Reson. Med. 34:260-267 (1995)). Four coils are used in this arrangement: two horizontal and two vertical, forming an "I-beam" construction. The two horizontal coils span the length and width of both legs--one positioned above the legs and one positioned below. The vertical coils are both disposed between the patient's legs. This orthogonal coil arrangement was apparently adopted to reduce the effects of mutual inductance between the coils. In another embodiment, each horizontal coil is replaced with two coils, yielding a total of six coils. Again, the Grist et al system suffers in SNR performance. Its use of four (or six) coils provides somewhat better performance than Lu. However, because the coils are planar, and because they span only three of the four sides of a patient's leg, substantial portions of the leg are still quite remote from any coil, impairing overall SNR. And, like Lu, each coil is large and spans a large area, again degrading SNR. In "Magnetic Resonance Arteriography of the Pelvis and Lower Extremities," Magn. Reson. Quarterly, 9(3):152-187 (1993), Schiebler et al employed three overlapping coils on a cylindrical plastic form to image portions of a patient's leg. Adjacent coils were rotated 90 degrees from one another to minimize mutual coupling. Schiebler's arrangement, however, is unable to image an entire leg without repositioning because the coils span only 58 cm. Moreover, Schiebler's SNR suffers due to larger than necessary spacing between the coil and the leg. In "Phased Array Coils for Upper Extremity MRA," Magn. Reson. Med. 33:224-229 (1995), Monroe et al compared three coil arrangements for MR angiography of the arm. One arrangement comprised three overlapping coils mounted along four inch PVC piping. A second comprised three overlapping coils mounted on acrylic plastic that was slightly curved by heating. The third comprised three overlapping coils mounted on a flat piece of acrylic. Monroe concluded that the latter arrangement was preferable. He criticized the first as not fitting all patients, and criticized the first two as providing only a 10-20% improvement in SNR over the third--an improvement he regarded as minimal. What Monroe apparently compared, however, was the best SNR of each configuration. SNR, however, is a function of location. The best SNR is obtained at points relatively close to the receiving coil, i.e. close to the skin. At deeper locations, the SNR is necessarily worse. In many applications of MR imaging, applicants believe the important metric is not how good is the best part of the imagery, but how good is the worst. Each of the foregoing approaches employs multiple coils. The use of multiple coils, more generally, is discussed in Roemer et al, "The NMR Phased Array," Magn. Reson. Med. 16:192-225 (1990) and Hayes, "Volume Imaging with MR Phased Arrays," Magn. Reson. Med. 18:309-319 (1991). An important application of MR angiography of the extremities is in identification of distal run-off vessels in the leg and the foot. (See, e.g., Owen et al, "Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Angiographically Occult Runoff Vessels in Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease," N. Engl. J. Med. 326:1577-1581 (1992); Carpenter et al, "Magnetic Resonance Angiography of Peripheral Runoff Vessels," J. Vasc. Surg. 16(6):807-13 (1992); McCauley et al, "Peripheral Vascular Occlusive Disease: Accuracy and Reliability of Time-of-Flight MR Angiography," Radiology, 192:351-357 (1992); and Owen et al, "Symptomatic Peripheral Vascular Disease," Radiology, 187(3):627-35 (1993)). None of the earlier-described coil arrangements is satisfactory for this application. The techniques that have met with the most success have used a small transmit-receive linear extremity coil. Such a coil provides high SNR, but overlap of adjacent imaging segments is required because of signal loss at its boundaries. Depending on the patient's size and precision of coil positioning, three to five stations are required to image from the foot to the knee. Accordingly, there remains a need for coil arrangements that allow faster MR angiography of the extremities, with better spatial coverage, and with improved SNR. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the foregoing and other disadvantages of existing MR coils for the extremities are overcome. In the illustrated embodiment, an MR receive coil array includes six telescopically arranged coil units, spanning the length of the extremity from the inguinal ligament to the foot. The coil in each unit encircles the extremity, providing good SNR from all sides and for deep structures as well. The tapered shape of the array conforms generally to the patient anatomy, minimizing the sensing distances, further enhancing SNR. A low ratio between the volume imaged and the aggregate coil conductor length further contributes to high SNR. A multiplicity of tuning capacitors makes the array relatively insensitive to detuning by differently-sized patients. The foregoing and additional features and advantages of the present invention will be more readily apparent from the following detailed description, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIGS. 1A and 1B are perspective views of a coil array according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a single coil unit used in the FIG. 1 embodiment. FIGS. 3A-3F further details the six coil units used in the FIG. 1 embodiment. FIG. 4 compares the signal-to-noise ratio of the FIG. 1 embodiment with prior art techniques employing a body coil and an extremity coil. To provide an enabling disclosure without unduly lengthening this specification, applicants incorporate by reference the disclosures of U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,578,925, 5,548,218, 5,500,596, 5,399,970, 5,394,087, 4,825,162 and 4,721,913. Referring to FIGS. 1A and 1B, an illustrative embodiment 10 of the present invention includes 6 coil units 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e, and 12f, each adapted to provide a magnetic component of the RF field perpendicular to the imaging apparatus's external magnetic field. These units are coupled to an MR imaging system (e.g. the Sigma 4X by GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, Wis.--a 1.5T superconducting imager) through a suitable six-coil adapter. One suitable adapter is that provided with the GE six-coil spinal array. As shown in FIG. 2, each coil unit 12 includes a foil tape conductor 14, a plurality of tuning capacitors 16, a coupling/switching network 18, and a connection port 20. The foil tape conductor 14 and tuning capacitors 16 are all disposed on a plastic substrate 22 (FIG. 1); the other components are mounted on or adjacent thereto. (For clarity of illustration, the capacitors 16, network 18, connection port 20, and cabling connecting the apparatus through the connection port to the imaging system, are not shown in FIG. 1) The foil tape conductor 14 comprises 1 cm. wide, 3-mil adhesive copper foil. The capacitors 16 are chip capacitors suitable for high frequency use in strong magnetic fields. Each coil is tuned to the desired frequency, here 63.9 MHz. The configuration of each illustrated coil is sometimes termed a "saddle" or "butterfly" configuration. Other configurations can, of course, be used. The coupling/switching network 18 assures a 50 ohm match at the connection port 20, and additionally provides for diode-switched detuning of the coil during transmit pulses. Network inductor La resonates with capacitor Ca, and inductor Lb resonates with capacitor Cb. In the illustrated embodiment, the plastic substrate 22 comprises several short lengths of plastic (PVC) pipe, with the coil unit components disposed on the outside thereof. The circular cross-sectional shape of this substrate is believed to contribute to homogeneity of the resulting system. However, coil substrates of other shapes can alternatively be used. Generally speaking, signal-to-noise ratio is improved by placing the coil closer to the imaged subject, so a substrate shape that more closely conforms to the shape of the subject being imaged is generally desirable. The illustrated plastic pipe is cut (26) into symmetrical halves (along a plane passing through the axis of the pipe) to allow opening to position the patient's leg therein. Hinges 24 are provided along the cut on one side; an over-center plastic latch 28 is provided along the cut on the opposite side to secure same in a latched position. The "X" crossover 30 of the foil coil conductors is effected over the hinged cut (the foil tape is insulated--with a suitable RF insulator--in this region). The substrates for the six coil units are generally of different radial sizes so that the units can be positioned relative to one another in telescoped fashion. The first (and largest) coil unit, 12a, is sized to receive a patient's upper thigh. The next coil unit, 12b, is somewhat smaller, and sized to receive a patient's lower thigh. This procession continues until the fifth coil, 12e, which is the smallest and is sized to receive the patient's leg near the ankle. The last coil, 12f, breaks this progression and is somewhat larger than coil 12e, so that it can receive the patient's foot. The last coil, 12f, is different in another respect; it includes two openings 32 through which parts of the patient's foot can extend. One opening on the bottom of the substrate (not shown) allows the patient's heel to extend through. An opening on the top of the substrate permits extension of anterior portions of the foot. The looped conductor in this sixth coil unit 12f passes around both of these openings. (Similar openings can be provided in the fifth coil unit, 12e, to accommodate the foot of a shorter patient.) All of the coil units are aligned about the same axis (i.e. the pipe substrates are all coaxial). The overall length of the illustrated coil array is 94 cm. All of the coil units are desirably sized to closely surround the patient anatomy. In a preferred embodiment, the greatest distance between any part of the patient's leg and the coil substrate adjacent thereto is less than four centimeters, and preferably is less than two. Table I details dimension of an illustrative six-coil system: TABLE I______________________________________Coil Circumference (cm.) Length (cm.)______________________________________12a 66 2112b 58 19.512c 50 17.212d 44.8 1612e 40.1 1612f 42.1 18______________________________________ The physical dimensions of each of the six coils, and the values of the associated tuning capacitors, are provided in FIGS. 3A-3F. In the illustrated embodiment, each of the coil units overlaps (telescopically) with the coil unit(s) adjacent thereto. This arrangement allows for compensation of the mutual inductance between the coil units. In particular, it is understood that the resonant frequency of a tuned circuit--like that shown in FIG. 2--can be "pulled" by a mutual inductance effect produced by another inductor in the tuned circuit's near field. Depending on the position of the nearby inductor (i.e. coil), the resonant frequency of the tuned circuit can be increased or decreased. In the illustrated embodiment, the degree of overlap between adjoining coil units is empirically adjusted so that the resonant frequencies of the two coil units are neither increased nor decreased. One method for accomplishing this is to place a "phantom" in the apparatus (in lieu of a patient's leg) and monitor the resonant frequencies of two of the tuned circuits with a network analyzer as the overlap between the coil units is increased and decreased. The use of such phantoms is well understood in the art. Another, preferred, technique is to adjust the overlap while a patient's leg is in the apparatus. Generally, the overlap averages about 13% of the substrate length. This technique of decoupling coils is more particularly detailed in the Roemer paper, cited above. In the illustrated form of the invention, all of the coil units are operated with their magnetic fields oriented vertically. However, in alternative embodiments, this need not be so. In one alternative embodiment, for example, the first and second coil units, 12a, 12b, are physically rotated 90 degrees relative to the third and succeeding coil units 12c-f, thereby producing horizontally-oriented fields. This arrangement is desirable, for example, when the illustrated apparatus is used in conjunction with a conventional pelvic coil, which produces a vertically-oriented magnetic field. Rotating the thigh coil units so their magnetic fields are orthogonal to the pelvic coil fields helps decouple these units, reducing crosstalk and improving performance. In one embodiment of the invention, the foregoing principles are extended to an apparatus having coils spaced all the way from the abdomen to the feet. Such an arrangement permits all of this volume to be quickly imaged, without moving the patient. The 90 degree rotation of magnetic fields in adjoining segments of the coil array is particularly important in such a large array to minimize intercoupling difficulties. In yet another form of the invention, each of the coil units comprises not just a single coil, but a pair of coils operated in phase quadrature, as is well understood in the art. Such an arrangement provides a small (square root of two), but sometimes important, improvement in signal-to-noise ratio. In such an arrangement, all of the units can be operated with similarly-oriented magnetic fields, or alternate relative field arrangements--like those discussed above--can be employed. While the illustrated embodiments provide superior SNR performance, the readability of the resulting imagery can sometimes be improved further by use of an intravenous contrast agent, such as Gadolinium. In the illustrated embodiment, the imaging protocol consisted of localizer images followed by MR angiography. The former were acquired with spin-echo sequences in the coronal plane, a repetition time of 400 msec., an echo time of 17 msec, a field of view of 48 cm., a slice thickness of 10 mm., a matrix size of 256�128, one signal average, and an acquisition time of 1:03. Three scans were used to image the entire leg. When these tests were made, a six coil interface to the imager was not available, so a four coil interface was used instead. Since there were six coils but only four receivers, either the inferior four, middle four, or superior four coils were selected for each scan. The MRA images were initially acquired with a two-dimensional time-of-flight pulse sequence in the axial plane, a repetition time of 33 msec., an echo time of 8 msec., a flip angle of 60 degrees, flow compensation, an inferior saturation pulse of 30 mm., a saturation gap of 5 mm., a field of view of 15 cm.�20 cm., a slice thickness of 1.8 mm., 100 slices, a 256�128 matrix, one signal average, and an acquisition time of 5:43. In another protocol, the entire leg was imaged in three acquisitions. The thigh was imaged as one section, and the infrapopliteal region was divided into two sections. For the thigh, the slice thickness and field of view were increased to 4.0 mm. and 30 cm.�40 cm., respectively. For the infrapopliteal region, the field of view and slice thickness vary depending on the patient's size. The fields of view have varied from 15 cm.�20 cm. to 18cm.�24 cm., and the slice thicknesses have varied from 2.1 to 2.5 mm., with 2.3 mm. being the most common. The two-dimensional time of flight axial images were reconstructed using a maximum intensity projection algorithm, then processed by interactive vascular imaging software provided with the scanner. For comparison purposes, the MRA images were obtained using the illustrated telescopic array, a transmit/receive linear extremity coil (General Electric Medical Systems), and a quadrature body coil. The SNR and spatial homogeneity of the three coils were compared, based on the localizer and MRA images. Furthermore, SNR measurements were taken from axial two-dimensional time of flight images of a volunteer who underwent MRA exams using the telescopic coil and extremity/body coil combination. The average SNR of both methods were compared and statistical analyses were performed. In addition, the coils' SNR characteristics were compared by imaging a cylindrical phantom (10.2 cm. diameter by 100 cm. length) filled with 0.2 mmol MnCl2 using a spin-echo sequence (400/12), a 256�128 matrix, a 10 mm. slice thickness with no skip, 16 cm. field of view, and one signal average. For a comparison of the examination times required by the telescopic and extremity/body coil systems, a volunteer underwent consecutive peripheral MRA exams using each method. Both exams were performed by the same MR technologist. The exam times, comprised of patient positioning, pulse sequence prescriptions, scanner tuning, and scanning, were recorded by an observer. Four patients were imaged with conventional angiography (CA) and femoral MRA using the illustrated apparatus. All four patients had ischemic tissue loss of the feet and three patients had insulin dependent diabetes. The conventional angiography was done with standard angiographic technique. A stepping table with "cut film" technique was used in all patients and the infrapopliteal vessels were also studied with supplemental digital subtraction views. In three patients, the ipsilateral superficial femoral artery was catheterized to improve visualization of the tibial vessels. The results of the CA were compared to the results of the femoral MRA. The femoral MRA and CA examinations were read by different radiologists that did not have the results of the other examinations. The localizer images in the coronal plane obtained with the telescopic phased array demonstrated good spatial homogeneity. For MRA in the knee, ankle, and foot, the telescopic array provided images that were comparable or better in image quality, SNR, and homogeneity, to that obtained with the manufacturer's extremity coil. In the thigh, the telescopic array produced MRA images that were significantly higher in SNR than that obtained with the body coil. Although some artifactual banding was present within the tissue on MIP reconstructed images, this did not compromise the SNR of arterial vessels. FIG. 4 illustrates the measured SNR of the volunteer's axial images obtained with the telescopic, extremity and body coils. The telescopic coil's SNR increased longitudinally from the thigh to the ankle region, improving visualization of distal run-off vessels. On average, the SNR increased by 140% when the telescopic coil was used. The SNR measurements on the phantom images were consistent with these results. Use of the telescopic coil also decreased the exam time by 50%, as detailed in Table II. When the extremity and body coils were used, the former was positioned from the foot to the knee at four stations. Then it was removed and the body coil was used to image the thigh at an additional station. In contrast, the telescopic coil needed to be positioned just once on the patient at the beginning of the exam and imaging was complete after three stations. Although the phased array's image reconstruction took longer to process than the other coils, the exam times were unaffected because all of the localizers were obtained at the beginning of the exam. Therefore, after the first MRA scan, subsequent prescriptions and scanning proceeded while images reconstructed in the background. TABLE II______________________________________Task Telescopic Coil Extremity/Body Coil______________________________________Patient Positioning 3:59 19:03 (one position) (5 positions)Scanning 18:02 31:07 (3 stations) (5 stations)Sequence Prescription/ 18:10 32:38Scanner TuningTotal Examination 40:11 82:48______________________________________ Additional testing using three-dimensional time of flight generally confirmed the foregoing findings. Additional experimental data, including exemplary imagery, can be found in our publications Kojima et al, "Lower Extremities: MR Angiography With a Unilateral Telescopic Phased-Array Coil," Radiology, 196(3): 871-875 (1995), and Szumowski et al, "A Telescopic Phased Array Coil for MRA of the Lower Extremities," Proc. of the Soc. of Magn. Reson., Nice, France, August, 1995. The illustrated coil array provides high SNR over large regions, without sacrificing resolution of increasing scan time. This makes it ideal for MRA of long vascular segments. In two-dimensional time of flight, the small slower-flowing distal vessels require higher SNR because the signal intensity is dependent on both the voxel size and velocity of the blood. The relatively small coils of the illustrated array provide this necessary SNR. Moreover, the use of non-planar coils provides greater depth sensitivity. Another design consideration which contributes to the illustrated embodiment's suitability for such imaging includes its use of tuning capacitors at multiple locations along the coils to minimize shifting of the resonance frequency when different sized patients load the coil. Coil unit 12a has 13 capacitors, unit 12b has 10, unit 12c has 9, unit 12d has 7, unit 12e has 6, and unit 12f has 8, for a total of 48. This averages to eight capacitors per coil. An average in excess of five is believed desirable; six is better; seven is better than six. More than eight is better still. Another design consideration is the ratio between the aggregate length of the coils and the volume being imaged. The illustrated embodiment includes approximately 900 cm. of foil tape conductor, dedicated to imaging a volume (the inside of the coil array) of approximately 20,000 cm3 (a volume to length ratio of 22:1). Desirably, there is a ratio of not more than 30 cm3 of imaged volume per 1 cm. of conductor; better results may be obtained with ratios of 20:1, 15:1, etc. (The foregoing is in the context of a whole-extremity coil array.) A body coil is used for excitation in the preferred embodiment due to its relatively homogeneous RF field. The foregoing factors all contribute to the cited 140% increase in SNR, and permit high resolution MRA from the inguinal ligament to the hindfoot. Having described and illustrated the features of our invention with reference to an embodiment and several variations thereof, it will be apparent that the embodiment shown can be modified in arrangement and detail without departing from the principles of the invention. For example, although the invention has been illustrated in the context of a coil array adapted for use with a single leg, the array can likewise be adapted for use with two legs. This can be done by replicating a single leg structure, or reshaping the structure to accommodate two legs. Similarly, although the invention has been illustrated with reference to an assembly employing sections of rigid plastic pipe as the coil substrates, other coil substrates can of course be used. One such alternative is sheets of flexible plastic. In such an embodiment, the sheets of plastic are wrapped about the patient's leg, joined by Velcro or the like. Embodiments employing hybrid arrangements can also be employed, e.g. with a bottom half of the coil formed on a rigid substrate, and the top half of the coil formed on a flexible sheet to wrap over the top of the patient's leg. All of the foregoing embodiments are characterized by coils that extend both above, below, and along both sides, of the patient's leg. In other embodiments, coils spanning less than all sides of the leg can be employed if--for example--high SNR imaging of all of the leg is not required. The illustrated embodiments employ six component coil units, but this number is not essential. A greater or lesser number can be employed, depending on the application being served. Moreover, the invention is not limited to coil arrays for use with the legs. It will be obvious to one skilled in the art to modify the number, size, and configuration of the coils to encompass another extremity, such as the arm, or head, or neck. While the illustrated embodiment uses a hinge arrangement to couple two halves together, other arrangements can be used. For example, a top part of the substrate can be arranged to fully detach from the lower, with electrical connectors being provided to interconnect the coil halves on the two parts as necessary. In still other arrangements, a closed substrate can be employed, and it can be placed around the extremity to be imaged simply by sliding it therealong. (This latter arrangement is generally disfavored because passage of the foot down through such a substrate requires a larger bore than would otherwise be necessary, impairing SNR. Moreover, it limits the size of extremity that can be accommodated. The illustrated arrangement, in contrast, can accommodate oversized extremities simply by leaving the latches unlatched; the resulting imagery does not suffer thereby.) The variant features described above can each be combined with each other. For brevity's sake, however, such permutations and combinations are not each individually detailed herein. In addition to such variations of the coil array's physical structure, its method of use can also be varied. For example, in some applications it is desirable to use less than all six coils at a time. Activating just two or three coils can further improve SNR because, for a given segment, the farthest coil contributes relatively little intravascular signal to the composite image. Decreasing the number of activated coils also reduces the reconstruction processing time. In view of the wide variety of embodiments to which the principles of our invention can be applied, it should be understood that the detailed embodiments are illustrative only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of our invention. Rather, we claim as our invention all such embodiments as may come within the scope and spirit of the following claims, and equivalents thereto. Patent Citations
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TPQ also stands for:
- Tax Professional Qualification
- Team Performance Questionnaire
- Terminus Post Quem
- Text and Performance Quarterly
- The Pittsburgh Quarterly
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RCBS Universal Loading Block 9452 on sale and available from our online store. OpticsPlanet is an Authorized US Distributor for RCBS Reloading Equipment.
Designed to fit most any standard rifle or pistol case including the WSM, WSSM and Ultra Mag family of cartridges. Two-sided design offers three different case fits per side and will hold 50 cases. Short pistol cases fit in the raised portion of the block for easy access. Stepped holes accommodate large pistol and rifle cases.


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MHS golf team looking for consistency at state tournament
Consistency will be key for the Mitchell High School girls' golf team at the Class AA state tournament, which starts at 9 a.m. today at Elmwood Golf Course in Sioux Falls. The tournament runs through Tuesday.
Mitchell coach Mark Horan's team has no seniors, and he said this year's state tournament will be valuable experience for the girls.
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Actor, Singer
Zachary David Alexander "Zac" Efron (born October 18, 1987) is an American actor and singer. He began acting professionally in the early 2000s, and became known as a teen idol after his lead roles in the Disney Channel Original Movie High School Musical, the WB series...Wikipedia
Age: 27
Born: 18th October, 1987, San Luis Obispo, California,USA
Height: 5' 8" (173 cm)
Nationality: American
Claim to Fame: High School Musicial, Summerland
Who can be romantically linked to Zac Efron...and how closely?
That Awkward Moment (2014)
When you realize getting some means wanting more
Three best friends find themselves where we've all been - at that confusing moment in every dating relationship when you have to decide "So...where is this going?"
Zac taught himself to play the guitar.
Zac has a younger brother named Dylan who is 4 years younger then him but Zac likes to treat Dylan his age or as his dad says "stoop to his level"
I'm a guy, but I'm not afraid to cry. Not all of the time. But when I'm watching a movie, I'll sometimes shed a tear, especially 'Moulin Rouge'.
I wore goofy hats to school and did musical theater. Most people thought I was a dork. But if you have a sense of humor about it, no one can bring you down.
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Diversified Consumer Services
Company Overview of Zysman, Aharoni, Gayer and Sullivan & Worcester LLP
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What does ISCRA stand for?
What does ISCRA mean? This page is about the various possible meanings of the acronym, abbreviation, shorthand or slang term: ISCRA.
We've found a total of 4 definitions for ISCRA:
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ISCRA | Italian SuperComputing Resource Allocation | ||||
ISCRA | International School of Cosmic Ray Astrophysics | ||||
ISCRA | Instituto Superior de Ciências Religiosas | ||||
ISCRA | Instituto Superior de Ciencias Religiosas Asidonense |
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"ISCRA." Abbreviations.com. STANDS4 LLC, 2015. Web. 1 Mar. 2015. <http://www.abbreviations.com/ISCRA>.


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Brazil >
State of Sao Paulo >
Swimming Pool
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Wallace-Rose Hill High SchoolMonday night hoops: Wallace edges Trask in dramatic finish & North Brunswick sweeps WCASubmitted by John Rendleman on Mon, 01/26/2015 - 11:26pm.READ MORE:
Trask defeated Wallace-Rose Hill by one point last week in boys basketball. On Monday the two teams squared off. Once again, it was close and we stuck around for the dramatic finish. North Brunswick has never lost to Wilmington Christian in either boys or girls basketball, but the Patriots certainly gave the Scorpions a run for their money on Monday.
Full story... » MLK Jamfest wraps up at Union HighSubmitted by John Rendleman on Mon, 01/19/2015 - 11:47pm.READ MORE:
Union High School served as the host location for the MLK Basketball Jamfest on Monday. This is a boys high school event only that featured seven games with several local teams participating.
Full story... » MLK Jamfest set for Monday at Union HighSubmitted by John Rendleman on Sun, 01/18/2015 - 6:47pm.READ MORE:
The schedule is now set for the MLK Jamfest at Union High School in Sampson County. There will be seven high school basketball games in all featuring a handful of teams from around our region.
Full story... » WWAY's Full Court Press - Jan. 16Submitted by John Rendleman on Fri, 01/16/2015 - 11:39pm.READ MORE:
Friday is Full Court Press night at WWAY. Once again we showcased a slew of games from around the region. This includes a nail biter at Ashley where the Screaming Eagles gave undefeated West Brunswick a run for their money. Plus we had a high-scoring overtime affair in Rocky Point between Clinton and Trask. Plus more! Check it out.
Full story... » WWAY's Full Court Press - Dec. 12Submitted by John Rendleman on Sat, 12/13/2014 - 12:26am.READ MORE:
Friday marked the return of Chasity Melvin to WWAY's Full Court Press. The NC State Hall of Famer made a guest appearance on Friday. This season's analyst, Kevin Schneider, had a previous basketball commitment to fulfill. We showcased a slew of basketball action on the Full Court Press. This included game action from Hoggard-New Hanover, Whiteville-East Columbus and much more including another football state championship for Wallace-Rose Hill.
Full story... » WWAY's 5th Quarter - November 21Submitted by John Rendleman on Fri, 11/21/2014 - 11:57pm.READ MORE:
Round two for the state football playoffs is now over. Check out WWAY's 5th Quarter from Friday night. We have game highlights from all around the region, plus scores and third round matchups for the state playoffs next week.
Full story... » Pairings set for second round of playoffsSubmitted by John Rendleman on Sat, 11/15/2014 - 1:55am.READ MORE:
The brackets are now set for round two of the high school football state playoffs. Round two games will be held on November 21. Games are likely to be much closer than some of the outcomes we saw in the first round.
Full story... » Season ends in "4-A East Finals" for New Hanover boys soccer teamSubmitted by John Rendleman on Tue, 11/11/2014 - 11:47pm.READ MORE:
Broughton High School will play for a state soccer championship on Saturday after beating New Hanover on Tuesday in the "4-A East Finals" for boys high school soccer. WWAY made the trip to Raleigh. Check out our game highlights and postgame reaction. The latest AP rankings are out for high school football. Hoggard finally breaks into the top ten. Plus, we have an update on Wil Baumann, a former Hoggard punter who leads the ACC in punting.
Full story... » WWAY's 5th Quarter - August 22ndSubmitted by John Rendleman on Fri, 08/22/2014 - 10:57pm.READ MORE:
The 2014 high school football regular season is underway. On Friday we had coverage from several games. We expected to have a full slate, but the weather interfered with those plans. Some games were completed. Some started, but will need to be resumed. Some games never started.
Full story... » WWAY's 5th Quarter - August 15thSubmitted by John Rendleman on Fri, 08/15/2014 - 11:26pm.READ MORE:
The first 5th Quarter of 2014 is now in the books. On Friday we had coverage from all five scrimmages at the BB&T Jamboree at Legion Stadium in Wilmington. Plus, we had coverage from the Buddy Burney Memorial Jamboree in Bladen County.
Full story... » |


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The Low Down on High Fructose Corn Syrup
Written by Christa O'Brien
Recently you may have heard that The Corn Refiners Association petitioned the FDA to "rename" their ubiquitous product High-Fructose Corn Syrup to plain old "Corn Sugar." On the CRA's website cornsugar.com the lobby group states, "Many people do not realize that high fructose corn syrup is composed of same simple sugars found in table sugar and honey-glucose and fructose–in virtually the same ratios." Some readers might brush this off as no big deal. It is a product rename. And HFCS is just a sugar, so such a name is fitting? No?
The issue is slightly more complex. Because chemically speaking, sugars are all really different and the body does different things with them. There is sucrose and fructose, glucose and dextrose, lactose and maltose and many others. But while High-Fructose Corn Syrup is made from plain ole' corn, it is only certain parts of the familiar plant. And those extracted and refined sugars don't act the same way in your body as they would if you ate the whole kernel right off the cob.
Sucrose or table sugar is a disaccharide composed of a molecule of glucose and a molecule of fructose chemically bonded together with a relatively weak molecular bond. That bond is broken when it's in your tummy being digested. Now hold that thought, I am coming back to this.
High-Fructose Corn Syrup is different.
HFCS is produced by milling corn to produce starch, then processing that starch to yield corn syrup (think Karo Pecan Pie ingredients). Standard corn syrup is made up of almost entirely glucose molecules and glucose doesn't taste as sweet to the human tongue as sucrose. Regular corn syrup was all we had for a while, but it couldn't function as a proper sugar replacement because it just didn't taste right. Anyone who has tasted Karo knows what I am talking about. But in 1957 Richard O. Marshall and Earl P. Kooi added enzymes to that glucose corn syrup. Those enzymes broke down most of the glucose into fructose. The result is a syrup that is almost entirely fructose. High-Fructose Corn Syrup is derived by mixing the original standard Karo-like syrup (almost pure glucose) and the altered corn syrup (overwhelmingly fructose). The more fructose you add, the sweeter the mixture tastes on the tongue. HFCS 55 is 55% fructose and has a comparable sweetness to table sugar, only in liquid form. And in case you hadn't already put two and two together, that is the particular HFCS that is used to make soda.
Glucose is used by the body in everything from basic energy to brain function; Glucose is also metabolized in every cell in the body. Fructose is altogether different.
But that brings me back to the original question, Why is it a big deal that the CRA wants to rename their product "corn sugar"? The name "corn sugar" is not so false. HFCS is made from corn and it is a form of sugar. But many critics argue that renaming HFCS would align it with table sugar in the consumer's mind. No doubt the CRA has the same intention. Remember earlier I told you when sugar is digested, your tummy breaks it into its glucose and fructose molecules. Glucose is used by the body in everything from basic energy to brain function; Glucose is also metabolized in every cell in the body. Fructose is altogether different. Fructose is only metabolized in the liver. Livers of lab animals fed large amounts of fructose have fatty deposits and cirrhosis similar to the livers of alcoholics. The fructose found in High-Fructose Corn Syrup is free or unbound because it is simply mixed in solution with glucose as opposed to bonded like in table sugar. Here's why this is significant – research indicates that it is this free fructose that is the problem. Free or unbound liquid fructose is almost never found in nature. And although whole fruits contain fructose, they contain so much fiber that you'd be hard pressed to eat enough apples to ingest a dangerous amount of fructose. You would be way too full! Whole fruits also contain a whole host of healthy vitamins and minerals as well.
Earlier this year, Tom Laskawy, for Grist.org, covered a Princeton University study of rats ingesting HFCS. The study concluded,
"Rats with access to High-Fructose corn syrup gained weight significantly more than those with access to table sugar, even when their overall caloric intake was the same."
The study goes on to say that
"Some people have claimed that high-fructose corn syrup is no different than other sweeteners when it comes to weight gain and obesity, but our results make it clear that this just isn't, at least under the conditions of our tests."
In the last 30 years America has become the fattest country in the world. No shocker there. According to a new study by the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development, 34% of the US population is considered obese while a whopping 70% is considered overweight. I am not saying that High-Fructose Corn Syrup is our only problem food in this country, it is not the smoking gun, per se. But it is certainly part of the problem.
If you always had a bad feeling about HFCS, you are not alone. Many of my close mom-friends have concerns about HFCS and want to cut it out of their diets. Most people I know do not drink soda regularly, so they assume that they ingest little if any HFCS. But the problem is HFCS is everywhere. HFCS can be found in yogurt, muffins, breads, ketchup, pasta sauce, salad dressings, juice drinks. HFCS can even be included in products that are labeled "All Natural" because the FDA does not have a legal definition for the term "All Natural". All the FDA asks with a label of "All Natural" is that the produce be derived from something in nature. HFCS is under that definition of "All Natural."
…the problem is HFCS is everywhere…HFCS can even be included in products that are labeled "All Natural"…
Many companies are reformulating their products to eliminate the HFCS and instead include sugar, cane sugar, cane juice, raw sugar, turbinado sugar, brown rice syrup, malt syrup, or some other form of naturally occurring sugar. Unfortunately on the other end of the spectrum, The Sugar Association (Washington's Cane/ Beet Sugar Lobby) is reaping the benefits from all the increased business. And they want you to believe that High Fructose Corn Syrup is BAD, and Cane Sugar is GOOD. Cane Sugar may not be as bad as HFCS, but it is still linked to a whole host of degenerative diseases because it also contains fructose. Don't be fooled.
Since cutting HFCS out of my family's diet, the most important thing I have learned to do is to READ LABELS. Here are a few suggestions:
- Go grocery shopping when you have time on your hands (but aren't hungry).
- Never pay attention to any health claims on the front of the package, they are not regulated as strictly as the nutrition panel on the back.
- And never assume that just because you know, love or respect a certain brand they are above including some questionable ingredients. Just recently I discovered that the brand of Half and Half offered in my office contains milk and cream AND less than 2% stabilizers?! I wasn't aware that milk and cream even needed to be stabilized.
If you have never looked at the ingredients on your favorite yogurt or ice cream, turn the package over and start reading. HFCS is unnecessary. You and your kids don't need it. You didn't grow up eating it. You really didn't, because HFCS wasn't in the food supply in such an omnipresent way until about 20-30 years ago.
The controversy over HFCS is not new. Our national obesity epidemic has dominated the medical media coverage recently, with many experts pointing the finger squarely at HFCS. And as I mentioned, many food manufacturers have eliminated the ingredient due to pressure from their customers. So, there are plenty of foods in the grocery store without HFCS. But you do have to look for them. My recommendation? If you want to reduce the amount of sugar in your diet, start by buying products that do not contain HFCS. They are out there. Then you can make the decision to go further and choose products with lower amounts of added sugars, or products with no added sugars. As you begin to eliminate some of the sugar in your diet, you may just find that you never needed as much as you originally thought you did.
Christa O'Brien lives in New York City with her husband and her two very energentic little boys. She believes in real traditional foods, living without modern processed foods and cooking with kids. In addition to working full time she blogs about cooking and eating real food at The Table of Promise: One Family's Search for a Better Meal.
Thank you for this!
HFCS, Sugar and most other sweeteners are a huge concern in this country. We've personally eliminated the majority of sugars from our diet including refined grains. One point that I'd like to add is that the corn used is almost always made from Genetically Modified corn. By 2009/2010 86% of corn and 95% of the sugar beet were genetically modified, recently a federal judge banned the gmo sugar beet unfortunately, it looks like the USDA is currently ignoring the ruling
Your readers may also be interested in this article about the cane sugar industry:
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text: The Cutest Thing You Will See From San Diego Comic-Con This Year by Andy Khouri July 18, 2013 1:30 PM Share on Facebook Share on Twitter We crossed paths with this adorable little cosplayer at the DC Collectibles area during Wednesday's Comic-Con Preview Night in San Diego. Filed Under: cosplay, SDCC 2013, supergirl Category: Culture, DC Share on Facebook Share on Twitter More Leave a comment Send to a friend! Print this page Pin it! Reddit This! Share on Tumblr! Recommended For You Best of ComicsAlliance Around the Web


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Launcher Update
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Is there a difference? I find it really ridiculous if it's better to go for a !@#$ty weapon with high damage output over a weapon+mojo with a bunch of intelligence.
So is it better to have a high damage modifier, or have a high damage stat in the attributes screen? |
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text: 000 WGUS84 KMEG 270255 FLSMEG FLOOD STATEMENT NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MEMPHIS TN 855 PM CST THU FEB 26 2015 The Flood Warning continues for the S.F. Fork Forked Deer River. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A followup Flood Statement will be issued tomorrow morning or sooner if conditions warrant. For graphical river and flood information...please go to www.weather.gov and click near Memphis on the map. Then select Rivers and Lakes AHPS under current conditions. Do not drive through flooded areas...turn around don`t drown. Stay tuned to your weather radio and your local news media for the latest river information. && TNC033-045-097-280255- /O.CON.KMEG.FL.W.0014.000000T0000Z-000000T0000Z/ /HLST1.1.ER.000000T0000Z.150302T0600Z.000000T0000Z.NO/ 855 PM CST THU FEB 26 2015 The Flood Warning continues for the S.F. Fork Forked Deer River near Halls * until further notice. * At 08 PM Thursday the stage was 10.8 feet. * Minor flooding is occurring AND Minor flooding is forecast. * Maximum forecast stage of 12.0 feet Monday March 02. * Flood stage is 9.0 feet. * The river rose above flood stage and will continue rising to near 12.0 feet by Monday March 02 then begin falling. * At 12.5 feet...Water is flowing over Highway 210 north of Halls. Several low lying roads near the South Fork of the Forked Deer River are flooded. && LAT...LON 3595 8948 3600 8940 3589 8932 3584 8940 $$


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Programs offer assistance during drought
Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack recently announced new flexibility and assistance in the U.S. Department of Agriculture's major conservation programs to get much-needed help to livestock producers as the most wide-spread drought in seven decades intensifies in the United States. Vilsack also announced plans to encourage crop insurance companies to provide a short grace period for farmers on unpaid insurance premiums, as some farming families can be expected to struggle to make ends meet at the close of the crop year.
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County claims as of Feb. 2, 2015 The claims docket approved...
Board cuts monthly expenses by $120,000 per month County administrator...
A Whole New World Tunica Academy students...
Fire departments, co. utility in cash crunch Budget and cash flow...
Old Man Winter takes residence in Tunica Area schools took a snow...
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