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VIEWS: 15 PAGES: 6 CATEGORY: Research POSTED ON: 6/17/2010
UBICC, the Ubiquitous Computing and Communication Journal [ISSN 1992-8424], is an international scientific and educational organization dedicated to advancing the arts, sciences, and applications of information technology. With a world-wide membership, UBICC is a leading resource for computing professionals and students working in the various fields of Information Technology, and for interpreting the impact of information technology on society.
Special Issue on ICIT 2009 Conference - Bioinformatics and Image INTEGRATING BIOMEDICAL ONTOLOGIES – OBR-SCOLIO ONTOLOGY Vanja Luković Information technology Danijela Milošević Information technology Goran Devedžić Information technology ABSTRACT This paper analyses a broad scope of research papers dealing with the process of integrating biomedical ontology with the FMA reference ontology. Namely, we want to investigate the capability of this process appliance in development of the OBR-Scolio application ontology for the pathology domain of spine, rather the scoliosis domen. Such ontology is one of the many objectives in the realization of the project named: "Ontological modeling in bioengineering" in the domain of orthopedics and physical medicine. Keywords: Biomedical ontology, Formal ontology, Reference ontology, Application ontology 1 INTRODUCTION ontology, forming this way FMA-RadLex application radiology ontology. This described Biomedical ontologies are being developed in process is then utilized for forming the OBR-Scolio ever growing numbers, but there is too little application ontology for the pathology domain of attention paid for ontology alignment and spine (scoliosis domen) from the OBR reference integration, in other that results already obtained by ontology. the one terminology based application ontology can be utilized in other similar application ontologies. 2 BFO ONTOLOGY No scientific advance can be obtained with the horizontally integration between two application BFO [3] is a formal, top-level ontology which is ontologies, although vertical integration between based on tested principles for ontology ontologies in all categories is needed [1]. In this construction. BFO consists of the SPAN and SNAP way formal, top level ontologies should provide the ontologies. The SPAN ontology relates to validated framework for reference ontologies, occurrents, processing entities (events, actions, which represent the domains of reality studied by procedures, happenings) which unfold over an the basic biomedical sciences. The latter should interval of time. The complementary SNAP then in turn provide the scientifically tested ontology relates to continuants, the participants in framework for a variety of terminology-based such processes, which are entities that endure over ontologies developed for specific application the time, during the period of their existence. purposes. Anatomy is a science that studies biological In this paper according to [1], we denote how continuants, while physiology studies biological the process of vertical integration of the FMA occurrents. Pathology, on the other hand, is (Foundational Model of Anatomy) reference concerned with structural alterations of biological ontology [5] with the BFO (Basic Formal continuants and with perturbations of biological Ontology) top-level ontology [3] can support the occurrents which together are manifested as process of horizontal integration of the two diseases. Moreover, BFO draws distinctions also reference ontologies: PRO (Physiology Reference between instances and universals and specifies Ontology) [8] and PathRO (Pathology Reference relations which link them. Ontology), forming accordingly the new reference ontology OBR (Ontology of Biomedical Reality), 3. FMA ONTOLOGY which is therefore federation of the three independent reference ontologies which range over The FMA [5] is reference ontology for anatomy, the domains of anatomy, physiology and pathology. which according independent evaluations satisfies Moreover according to [9], we denote the fundamental requirements for ontological process of vertical integration of the RadLex representation of human anatomy [6, 7]. radiology terminology with the FMA reference UbiCC Journal - Volume 4 No. 3 664 Special Issue on ICIT 2009 Conference - Bioinformatics and Image Hence, the domain of the FMA is anatomy of pathological entity. The class Material anatomical the idealized human body. FMA uses the hierarchy entity is subdivided into classes: Anatomical of classes of anatomical entities (anatomical structure and Portion of canonical body substance, universals) which exist in reality through their on the basis of the possession or non-possession of instances. The root of the FMA's anatomy inherent 3D shape. Within the class anatomical taxonomy (AT) is Anatomical entity and its structure OBR ontology make a distinction between dominant class is Anatomical structure. Anatomical canonical anatomical structures, which exist in the structure is defined as a material entity which has idealized organism, and variant anatomical its own inherent 3D shape and which has been structures, which result from an altered expression generated by the coordinated expression of the pattern of normal structural genes, without health organism's own structural genes. This class related consequences for the organism. The class includes material objects that range in size and Material pathological entity is subdivided into complexity from biological macromolecules to classes: Pathological structure and Portion of whole organisms. The dominant role of Anatomical pathological body substance, on the basis of the structure is reflected by the fact that non-material possession or non-possession of inherent 3D shape, physical anatomical entities (spaces, surfaces, lines too. Pathological structures are result from an and points) and body are conceptualized in the altered expression pattern of normal structural FMA, in terms of their relationship to anatomical genes, with negative health consequences for the structures. organism. The class Dependent organismal continuant is 4. OBR ONTOLOGY subdivided into classes: Immaterial anatomical continuant, Immaterial pathological continuant and Physiological continuant. Although the existence of immaterial anatomical and pathological spaces and surfaces and anatomical lines and points depends on corresponding independent continuant entities, they are dependent continuants. Besides them classes: Function, Physiological state and Physiological role and classes: Malfunction, Pathological state and Pathological role also belongs to Dependent organismal continuant, because their entities do not exist without corresponding independent continuant entities. Functions are certain sorts of potentials of Figure 1. Ontology of Biomedical Reality OBR independent anatomical continuants for engagement and participation in one or more The root of OBR is the universal Biological processes through which the potential becomes entity (Fig. 1). A distinction is then drawn between realized. Тhe function is a continuant, since it the classes: Biological continuant and Biological endures through time and exists even during those occurrent, the definitions of which are inherited times when it is not being realized. from BFO [3]. The class Biological continuant is Whether or not a function becomes realized subdivided into classes: Оrganismal continuant, depends on the physiological or pathological state which includes entities that range over single of the associated independent anatomical organisms and their parts and Extra-organismal continuant. Thereat, physiological and pathological continuant, which includes entities that range over state is a certain enduring constellation of values of aggregates of organisms. Accordingly, the class an independent continuant's aggregate physical Biological occurrent is subdivided into classes: properties. These physical properties are Оrganismal occurent and Extra-organismal represented in the Ontology of Physical Attributes occurent, which include processes associated with (OPA), which provides the values for the physical single organisms and their parts i.e. processes properties of organismal continuants. Namely, the associated with aggregates of organisms. states of these continuants can be specified in terms The class Organismal continuant is subdivided of specific ranges of attribute values. into classes: Independent organismal continuant The independent continuants that participate in and Dependent organismal continuant. a physiological or pathological process may play Extrapolating from the FMA's principles, different roles in the process (e.g. as agent, co- Independent organismal continuants have mass and factor, catalyst, etc.). Such a process may transform are material, whereas Dependent organismal one state into another (for example a physiological continuant are immaterial and do not have mass. into another physiological, or into a pathological OBR ontology distinguishes anatomical state). (normal) from pathological (abnormal) material The class Organismal occurent is subdivided entities. Accordingly, the class Independent into classes: Physiological process and organismal continuant is subdivided into classes: Pathological process. Physiological process Material anatomical entity and Material courses transformations of one physiological state UbiCC Journal - Volume 4 No. 3 665 Special Issue on ICIT 2009 Conference - Bioinformatics and Image into another physiological state, whereas 6. DERIVATION THE FMA-RADLEX pathological process courses transformation of a APPLICATION ONTOLOGY physiological state into a pathological state or one pathological state into another pathological state. The relative balance of these processes results either in the maintenance of health or in the pathogenesis of material pathological entities, and thus in the establishment and progression of diseases. Transformation of a pathological state into a physiological, manifest as healing or recovery from a disease, comes about through physiological processes that successfully compete with and ultimately replace pathological processes, namely function is restored. Processes are extended not only in time but also in space by virtue of the nature of their participants. 5. RADLEX TERMINOLOGY The Radiological Society of North America Figure 3: FMA-RadLex (right) derived from the (RSNA) developed a publicly available FMA (left) terminology, RadLex [12], to provide a uniform standard for all radiology-related information. Terms relating to anatomy are represented in the RadLex terminology is organized into a hierarchy RadLex terminology category Anatomic location, (Fig. 2) and subsumes over 7400 terms organized in which corresponds to the category Anatomical 9 main categories or types with RadLex term as the entity, used by other disciplines of biomedicine. root. However RadLex terminology does not yet This is not radiology image entity, yet the entity have a principled ontological framework [14] for that exists in the reality. Anatomic location is these three reasons: therefore renamed as the FMA root term Anatomical entity (Fig. 3). For the image findings 1) being term-oriented, RadLex currently representing radiology images entities the separate ignores the entities to which its terms ontology should be created. project; Application ontology from the FMA can be 2) the lack of a taxonomy grounded in derived either by: biomedical reality; 1. Obtaining an entire copy of the FMA and 3) the ambiguity and mixing of relations pruning the ontology down to the required (such as is_a, part_of, contained_in) specifications - de novo construction. represented by the links between the nodes 2. Mapping the existing terminology project to of the term hierarchy (Fig. 2). the FMA, carving out the ontology around the mappings and finally incorporating the In the next section, according [9] is described derivatives into the existing terminology how a portion of reference ontology, such as the project. FMA, can be adopted to lend application ontology The latter method was applied in constructing in which all challenges mentioned above are the anatomy application ontology for RadLex [9]. resolved. Hence, high level RadLex terms are first mapped to the corresponding FMA terms, and then their corresponding FMA super-types are imported into the RadLex taxonomy. After that, other terms at different levels of the RadLex tree are mapped to the corresponding FMA terms, and then their corresponding FMA super-types are imported into the RadLex taxonomy super-types. In RadLex anatomy taxonomy the highest level parents of the imported super-types of the FMA are incorporating, as well: Anatomical structure which subsumes 3-D objects that have inherent shape, e.g. body, organ system, and organ, and Immaterial anatomical entity which encompasses types that have no mass property, such as: anatomical space, anatomical Figure 2. RadLex hierarchy in Protégé surface, anatomical line and anatomical point. Hence, this conclusion can be divided: the operation of construction the same ontology via the UbiCC Journal - Volume 4 No. 3 666 Special Issue on ICIT 2009 Conference - Bioinformatics and Image de novo approach, would involve a series of The hierarchical tree of the OBR ontology deletion and addition of links (Figure 3, left) from class Pathological structure and also its subclasses: the FMA reference ontology. For example, the is_a Subdivision of pathological organ system, link of the class Anatomical structure is deleted Subdivision of pathological skeletal system and from Material anatomical entity and then added Subdivision of pathological axial skeletal system, directly to Anatomical entity. Both Physical from which all subclasses which are not relevant anatomical entity and Material anatomical entity for the pathological domen of spine are deleted, are are then deleted from the FMA taxonomy. Beside illustrated in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8. that, FMA types representing microscopic entities which are not relevant to radiology such as Cell, Cardinal cell part, Biological macromolecule, Cardinal tissue part, are also deleted from Anatomical structure. These operations can be carried out in all levels of the hierarchical tree. 7. DERIVATION OF THE OBR-SCOLIO APPLICATION ONTOLOGY In constructing the OBR-Scolio application ontology for the pathology domain of spine (scoliosis domen) from the OBR reference ontology the de novo method was applied (Figure 4). All the classes which are not relevant to the pathology domain of spine, such as: Matherial anatomical entity, Immaterial anatomical continuant, Physiological continuant, Extra–Organismal continuant, Biological occurent and also theirs relevant subclasses are deleted from the Figure 5: Subclasses of the Pathological hierarchical tree of the OBR reference ontology. structure class Figure 6: Subclasses of the Subdivision of pathological organ system class Figure 4: OBR-Scolio application ontology derived from the OBR reference ontology UbiCC Journal - Volume 4 No. 3 667 Special Issue on ICIT 2009 Conference - Bioinformatics and Image OBR-Scolio application ontology in the pathology domain of spine (scoliosis), which is one of the many objectives in the realization of the project named: "Ontological modeling in bioengineering 1 " in the domain of orthopedics and physical medicine. 8. REFERENCES [1] Cornelius Rosse, MD, DSc, Anand Kumar, MD,PhD, Jose LV Mejino Jr, MD, Daniel L Cook, MD, PhD, Landon T Detwiler, Barry Smith, PhD: A Strategy for Improving and Integrating Biomedical Ontologies, AMIA Annu Symp Proc. (2005), pp. 639-643. [2] http://www.loucnr.it/DOLCE.html [3] Grenon P, Smith B, Goldberg L: Biodynamic ontology: applying BFO in the biomedical domain, In DM Pisanelli (ed.), Ontologies in Medicine, Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2004,20-38. [4] Open Biomedical Ontologies: Figure 7: Subclasses of the Subdivision of http://obo.sourceforge.net/ pathological skeletal system class [5] Rosse C, Mejino JLV Jr.: A reference ontology for biomedical informatics: the Foundational Model of Anatomy, J Biomed Inform, 2003 Dec; 36(6):478-500. [6] Smith B, Köhler J, Kumar A.: On the application of formal principles to life science data: A case study in the Gene Ontology, DILS 2004: Data Integration in the Life Sciences. 2004; 124- Figure 8: Subclasses of the Subdivision of 139. pathological axial skeletal system class [7] Zhang S, Bodenreider O.: Law and order: Ultimately, in the Fig. 9 all subclasses of the Assessing and enforcing compliance with Pathological vertebral column class are illustrated. ontological modelling principles, Computers in Biology and Medicine 2005: in press. [8] Cook DL, Mejino JLV, Rosse C.: Evolution of a Foundational Model of Physiology: Symbolic representation for functional bioinformatics, Medinfo 2004; 2004:336-340. [9] Jose L.V. Mejino Jr, Daniel L. Rubin, and James F. Brinkley: FMA-RadLex: An Application Ontology of Radiological Anatomy derived from Figure 9: Subclasses of the Subdivision of the Foundational Model of Anatomy Reference pathological vertebral column class Ontology, Proceedings AMIA Symposium 2008: Page 465-469. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT [10] Rosse C, Mejino JLV 2007: The Foundational By vertical integration of the FMA reference Model of Anatomy Ontology, in: Burger A, ontology with the BFO top-level ontology the Davidson D, Baldock R. (eds.), Anatomy process of horizontal integration of the two reference ontologies: PRO and PathRO is supported, forming accordingly the new reference 1 ontology OBR, which range over the domains of "Ontological modeling in bioengineering", Project anatomy, physiology and pathology. This ontology funded by national Ministry of science, Faculty of can be successfully applied in development of the mechanical engineering, University of Kragujevac, Serbia (2008-2010) UbiCC Journal - Volume 4 No. 3 668 Special Issue on ICIT 2009 Conference - Bioinformatics and Image Ontologies for Bioinformatics: Principles and [13] Rubin DL 2007: Creating and curating a Practice, pp 59-117, New York: Springer. terminology for Radiology: Ontology Modeling and Analysis, J Digit Imaging. [11] Online аvailable at: http://www.rsna.org/radlex. [14] Marwede D, Fielding M and Kahn T. 2007 RadiO: A Prototype Application Ontology for [12] Langlotz CP: RadLex 2006. a new method for Radiology Reporting Tasks, Proc AMIA 2007, indexing online educational materials, Chicago. IL, pp 513-517. Radiographics 26:1595–1597. [15] FMA Online аvailable at: http://fma.biostr.washington.edu. UbiCC Journal - Volume 4 No. 3 669


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My husband's not attracted to me now that I'm pregnant. What can I do?
I'm six months pregnant and my husband never wants to make love anymore. He says he's afraid it'll hurt the baby, but I think he's just not attracted to me right now. I've tried to reassure him that the baby is safe but that doesn't help, and I'm tired of begging for sex. What can I do? And will he want me again after our baby's born?
Posted: 05/14/2001 by a BabyCenter Member
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im only two months, not even showing and my boyfriend doesnt want to 'do it' either. This change happened as soon as we found out. omg it suckss and im 19 im young i feel so unattractive. Hes a few years older than me and weve been together almost two years so i thought that maybe he would handle this a little more mature but i thought soooo wrong. Ive barely gained any weight but i feel disgusted with myself, so uncomfortable in my own body. I had low self esteem before this and now its even worse. I dont even have the urge to do my hair or make up, i feel like theres no use. Now i cant help but think it will only get worse after the baby. hes one of those guys that watches alot of porn too and i hate it but i dont know how to tell him anything about it. i hate that i have to make so many sacrifices and he cant make just this one without making me feel so bad.posted 10/09/2010 by a BabyCenter Member
I have seen other men state it and as a father to be wanted to state it for myself the same as every woman wants to state how they feel about it. It has nothing to do with you and everything to do with the pregnancy. When I look at my wife I see my wife and my child. I can not have a sexual thought when I see my child. I thank every woman that understands this as well as my wife for being so understanding. I am very understanding to how my wife feels and it is nice that my wife is understanding to how I feel. The sheer volume of women saying they are encountering the same problem should impress upon you how common an occurrence this is and reassure you everything will be ok. I speak only towards sexual attraction as i give my wife assurance, attention and understanding in every other way.posted 10/03/2010 by zarley99
Our baby is 5 months old. Same story during 9 months of pregnancy. Now we are having sex, but its different. I finally asked him if it was because I am the mother to his children and he didnt want to think of me as "sexual" anymore, I was right. He agreeed that was part of it. That old Italian stupid saying, you dont get a blow job from the same mouth that kisses your kids. uggh. I dont know what to do. I guess I should work out, if not for anything, for my own confidence. And the internet porn, forget it. He wont stop it. No matter how much I tell him it breaks my heart. Ive decided to stop even bothering with it because all it does is make me crazy. I am bleeding emotion & he wont acknowledge any of it. It is what it is. Le sigh.posted 10/02/2010 by a BabyCenter Member
Ladies, I know exactly what you are going through! My child is two and from the moment we found out, it was Like something changed in him. He always said he was scared that his weight wuld hurt the baby or finding a good position was awkward. The good news is everything went back to normal as soon as I was cleared by my dr. He even arranged for my parents to keep our baby overnight!!!! Now we r expecting our second. We talked about my feelings of abandonment and his fears of hurting the baby and I can say this time hasn't been completely different but he has come around a little. But I dnt force the issue bc I know that he is feeling scared, and he will be the same he was before! I hope this helps! Just know if things dnt go back to normal y'all may want to look into counselling. It's a huge change you both go through and resentmant and anger will not help. And babies pick up on stress and emotions!! Congrats to all the expectant parents!!! It is awesome!!!!posted 10/01/2010 by alyssasmom1007
This sounds all too familiar!!! It's like I wrote all these messages! I'd like to say it gets better but in my case it didn't! My pregnancy completely ruined what me and my husband had before. We had an amazing innocent relationship nothing could ever come between us. And all of a sudden once I got pregnant he started going out without me staying out till 4 in the morning and even staying out for days with his phone off! We obviously stopped having sex. It seemed like no mTter what I did to try to rekindle the flame wouldn't work. After I had my baby he didn't get any better I had ppd and he was not understanding at all. He said it was all in my head and even though he dated home while I went to work he still expected me to take care of the baby at night. Needless to say karma sucks! And once I slimmed down enough to look decent to go out with my girls that's exactly what I did. Every weekend I would leave him with the baby so I could have fun and let me tell you he straightened out!posted 09/20/2010 by Lucy50
My husband has been the same way. I am 21 weeks and up until a few weeks ago, we had no problems with sex. I found porn on his computer the other day and it killed me because I feel like he finds me unattractive now! I have no idea what to do! I have tried different things to get him in the mood and he ALWAYS has an excuse...posted 09/16/2010 by acorn1288
i'm only 3 months pregnant and seriously, from the DAY i found out i was pregnant...he's lost almost all interest in me. it's not even the sex that bothers me, it's the lack of intimacy at all. and even worse, it's starting to feel like we just don't enjoy each others company like we used to...or should i say, he doesn't enjoy being around me as much. it's soooo confusing, heartbreaking, and frustrating. to me, i'm still the same person, i hate THIS!!!!posted 07/27/2010 by brooklynnmyasmommy
I feel the same way. This is my second pregnancy. It seems so much harder this time. I've always been thin, but after our first I started running and getting into really good shape. I've been taking care of myself best I can this pregnancy but hormones and genetics win over all and I'm not the tiny runner I was 7 months ago. I've really been struggling because of the changes in body, as well as the hormones wreaking havoc on me emotionally, I feel sooo unattractive and so not myself. I have been more cranky, as I'm usually easy going, slow tempered person. I just wish he would tell me he thought I was beautiful, that he was happy I was his wife and mother of his children, and have the actions to back it up. He's told me he's not attracted to my pregnant curves, as well as he doesn't like hormonal pregnant emotions. I don't know if he's looking at porn, but I have seen him check out other women. So I wouldn't be surprised if he was. That certainly doesn't add to my of lack self esteem.posted 07/22/2010 by gibgirl
Wow! I googled this topic and found all of these replies. It sound slike 99% of men are all the same even if they say they are not. I am 6 months pregnant and just really starting to get big. I mean I cannot fit into any thing cute! The only think I have going for me I guess is my new boob size which seems to be the only thing my husband compliments me on...oh and my eyes. Which is a suprise. We used to get frisky everyday without missing a day. And now I just feel like such a cow and all I can fit into is sweats that are too baggy. I always felt like such a beauty before I got pregnant, now I am soooo unhappy because I think my man has found another woman interest. He says he would never do that but he is never home so how would I know. Internet porn is not a problem because Im always on the computer, its all I have to do :(....... But When he comes home he turns his phone off and says its cuz his phone isnt working. Yeah right! Wish I could be the apple of his eye again!:(posted 07/09/2010 by newmomseattle
I am 35 weeks and I really have gained a lot of size, around 4 dress sizes but really only like 23 lbs, but anyways my boyfriend has never been a sex fend but we used to at least have sex a couple times a week, and now its been like 3 weeks, and before that it had been like 3 weeks. I know he isnt cheating on my because that's not how he is, he hugs me and kisses me and holds me an on occasion tells me im beautiful but honestly some times I wish he would grab me and tell me how sexy I am. I mean come on I am carrying his son. I just feel ugly and so very very fat because he doesn't want me, and I don't know how to bring it up to him because I don't want him to feel obligated to have sex with me, I want him to want me. I just hate feeling so unattractive partly because he still turns me on, to me he is the most attractive sexy man alive. The entire time that I have known him, he is the only man I have fantasized about and now he doesn't want me. It really hurts.posted 07/08/2010 by deeru2010
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SciFi Fantasy and Comic Book Marriages
Geek Love: 10 Couples From the Big and Small Screen
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Geek Love: 10 Couples From the Big and Small Screen
Romance is always a box office hit, and naturally, we're rooting for those based in the sci-fi and fantasy genre. Valentine's Day is just a few short days away, so can get into the spirit of things by looking back on these 10 geeky sci-fi and fantasy couples who finally sealed the deal with marriage.
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Denim Sales
William Rast Warehouse this weekend!
William Rast is having a warehouse sale in Commerce, CA. The sale has been going on all weekend and will continue through Sunday, September 19th, from 10-2 pm. Both men's and women's styles will be available for up to 75% off, so it's a great chance to stock up.
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Saturday September 18th 10-3pm
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J Brand offers fall fashion event at Bloomingdales!
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The hours are from 2-4 pm, this Saturday, August 28th at the Santa Monica Bloomingdale's. The address is 315 Colorado Avenue, Santa Monica, CA 90401.
Lucky Magazine publishes 2010 Fall Denim Guide Part I
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"Manila Slouchy," $229, Goldsign,Trouser Jeans, Call : 323-923-1249
Cargo Jeans
Choose flat, streamlined side pockets—they're more flattering—then mix in girly details for a sweet gamine aesthetic.
Vince Cargo Jeans |
Ankle Length Cargo Jeans, $225, VINCE.COM Metallic Leather Flats, "Fate," $160, Farylrobin, ENDLESS.COM
Express Cargo Jeans |
Skinny Cut Cargo Jeans, $60, EXPRESS.COM
Flared Jeans
Emphasize the '70s allure of this cut with officewear-gone-sexy pieces: stacked heels, a curvy vest.
Tommy Hilfiger Flared Jean |
Light Wash, $98, Tommy Hilfiger, Flared Jeans. Call: 212-223-1824
Shimmer Leather Platform Shoes, "Teagan," $198, Coach, COACH.COM
Gap Flared Jeans |
"Extreme Sexy Bootcut," Flared Jeans, $70, Gap, GAP.COM
Tuxedo Jeans
Create an offbeat suit by pairing the jeans with a slim shirt and tailored blazer.
James Tuxedo Jeans |
"Twiggy," James Tuxedo Jeans, $123, Tony Walker & Co., Williamsville, N.Y.,Call: 716- 430-4003
Zadig & Voltaire Jeans |
"London Bis Deluxe," Tuxedo Jeans, $250, Zadig & Voltaire, Call: 212-989-7300
Patched Jeans
Offset their vintage, worn-in look with posh accessories like a smart little bag.
Madewell Patched Jeans |
"Premium Slouchy Skinny," Patched Jeans, $200, Madewell, MADEWELL.COM
AG Patched Jeans |
"Tomboy," Patched Jeans, $255, AG Adriano Goldschmied, AGJEANS.COM
So while, I agree with the different styles here, for Part II of this post I am going to change the brands to brands that we at DenimBlog like a little more… stay tuned…


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| Home | Meeting and Hotel Registration | Airline Reservations |
Please note: The following form will be submitted directly to Boulder Travel. A copy will also be sent to the UCAR Corporate Affairs office for their records. You will receive an emailed itinerary from Jean Ann Goldsberry, of Boulder Travel, with a tentative flight schedule. However, your tickets will NOT be issued until you have approved them with Boulder Travel. Be sure to approve your itinerary with Jean Ann to insure your reservations are confirmed.
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I love to listen to early music. It's amazing to me, music borrows from many places and many genres. Many genres probably existed and disappeared before even being recorded possibly. I don't know why but some genres such as lute music holds a special place in my heart, as does the lyre. What I see in such old music others don't.
Even though Fall came in yesterday, it had been feeling like Fall for about a week before the fact. The cool breezes are refreshing, and I almost missed the humid tropical weather for a second or two. My banana plants will have to wait to produce their fruit, unless they actually decide to flower close to winter like last time, that's pretty odd if you ask me.
It has been forever since I wrote! There's never time in between starting school, friends, family etc. Well lets start withe the good news: about a month ago I came out to Ari. She was totally fine with it. A little confused but the only question she asked was "Are you sure?" More good news my new school is AMAZING. I made more new friends in a week then I could have in the previous school. They all are fleeing from what sounds like terrible school experiences, like me. They have problems like autism but they could be the nicest people I have ever met.
Sleep O dear and distant child, sleep and hope for better things
to-morrow shall not come for years, time is death and hollow kings
yellow is the sky at night, green is she by day
sallow is the moon she lights, lost and worn away
Sleep O dear and distant child, dream of gods and Minotaur
yesterday is far away, i have dreamt of hell and gore
singing are the whales at night, howling at the sun
wailing are the strings by day, begging you to run
Sleep O dear and distant child, fear the passing day
mercy she so sorely lacks, fair though she be may
In my last journal I talked about meeting Josh and the kiss that made me see fireworks! Over the last few days our relationship has grown into boyfriend/boyfriend status, and as it's been before, the clock's ticking for my eventual departure.
I've met a number of boys (and a few girls too), gotten to know them quickly, and if it's cool with them, gone far real quick. I hope you know what I mean by that?
This might be just my perspective… but I strongly recommend to all Oasies™ this recently-published memoir by Jon Croteau: My Thinning Years: Starving the Gay Within. It is currently available (Amazon, I know) --- despite conflicting publication dates!
I don't know if I've written about this before, but I get to spend the last period of every school day looking at Hanet and just being in his general vicinity, which is really nice because he's definitely the prettiest guy in the school, if not the entire cosmic life. He's just right next to his girlfriend and I can't talk to him during the class, but I've been desensitized to both of those things for a while, so it's actually great. But because of this I have noticed that he's basically the girl in the relationship; he's that much more feminine than his girlfriend.
Mom and I started a new chapter in our lives, this time on the Atlantic coast of Florida. We've been near here before, so it's not entirely a new place, and for a change that's nice.
We're living in a high rise condo this time, and on Tuesday I met a boy my age named Josh, our Mom's actually work at the same hospital. He's cute, kind of girlish, and a bit overweight, which I like. The first time he had me over I found out he's Jewish, unless they have a Menorah on display as a artwork. I doubt that.
Why the fuck can't I just fucking kill myself and get this fucking shit over with? Why the fuck can't I just let the fuck go of these fucking assholes who make my life so fucking miserable and just fucking let myself fucking DIE? That's all I fucking want, I just want to die but I can't fucking kill myself because it would fucking hurt people. I don't WANT to care about this, I don't WANT to give a shit about their feelings, I want to fucking die and end this fucking piece of shit called my life.
I went to New York with my father again last weekend and stayed with his friends in Port Jeff, where we went on a boat to Fire Island. It was a beautiful place that inspired recollections of childhood vacations and distant scenes of Dutch beaches. I encountered a deer who came very close to me in exchange for a few Cheetos. They were probably very bad for the deer, but at least I got to meet it. It started getting cloudy, so we took the boat back in the rain and it felt like it nearly flipped at one point. I loved every part of it.
Today was an interesting day for me, good and a bit weird.
School's been back for a week now and I ran into Nick, one of my friends that I haven't seen since the last day of school a few months ago. He's one of the two friends that didn't respond back to me about the text mom send outing me and Colin.
Nick and I don't have any classes together and have different lunch times so we never really cross paths, and unfortunately it's the same with Colin too. At least we get to hang out before school and at Cross Country practice.
(First of all, this not having the journals on the sidebar is annoying me more and more. Now I have to go to a whole other page to see what the new journals, the life of the party, are.)
Well another day, another wasted 24 hours spent anguishing over where my life is going.
You probably have all seen the original video of 19-year-old Daniel Pierce being rejected and ejected from his home by his family.
Very troubling! Here is his story in a live interview with local TV:


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Key Content
- OCHA Humanitarian Bulletin Issue 32, Dec 2014 - Jan 2015
- Fact Sheet: Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) 2007-2014 Pakistan - Feb 2015
- IPS: Threats, Deaths, Impunity – No Hope for Free Press in Pakistan
Appeals & Funding
Useful Links
Islamabad, 4 March, 2015: The Ministry of Planning, Development and Reforms of Pakistan signed today an agreement for US$ 11.6 million with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) to support implementation of key governance reforms at federal and provincial levels. UNDP would contribute US$ 7 million whereas the Government of Pakistan's share is US$ 4.66 million.
27 February 2015
The fourth meeting of the Emergency Committee under the International Health Regulations (IHR) (2005) regarding the international spread of wild poliovirus in 2014 - 15 was convened via teleconference by the Director-General on 17 February 2015. The following IHR States Parties submitted an update on the implementation of the Temporary Recommendations since the Committee last met on 13 November 2014: Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Pakistan and the Syrian Arab Republic.
ISLAMABAD: Refusal of polio vaccination to children declined in the country this year, an encouraging development but not significant enough to raise hopes for quick eradication of the crippling disease.
Data available by Dawn says that 36,510 parents refused the vaccine in February compared with 54,061 in January.
Greatest resistance to the national immunisation campaigns was observed in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa - where almost 26,000 parents refused the vaccine in February – and the least in Punjab, 798.
Pakistan - Severe Weather UPDATE (WMO, NMS, Local Media)
Heavy rainfall continued in northern Pakistan over 1-2 March, with 161mm measured in the capital Islamabad and 66m in the town of Dir (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) in 24h on 2 March.
• Heavy snowfall and rainfall and consequent avalanches and flash floods, respectively, have been affecting northern and central Afghanistan since mid-January.
• As of 1 March, the number of deaths stands at 286, the majority of which (195) occurred in Panjshir, the province worst hit by avalanches. In total, approximately 1 250 houses were destroyed by the snowfall and avalanches throughout the affected areas.
• The Government of Afghanistan has declared three days national mourning and requested international assistance.
General Situation during February 2015 Forecast until mid-April 2015
Afghanistan: Heavy snowfall has caused avalanches in northern, central and eastern Afghanistan; 280 people have died. Panshir province is most affected. Communication lines have been disrupted in places, power supplies to Kabul have been cut. Priority needs are for NFIs and emergency shelter; access to isolated areas is difficult.
RAWALPINDI: As rain poured down for the second consecutive day, a building collapsed in Wah Cantt on Monday killing eight and leaving four others, who were trapped under the rubble, injured.
Those killed include four children and an elderly man, not yet identified.
Islamabad, Pakistan | AFP | Tuesday 3/3/2015 - 09:14 GMT | 279 words
Pakistani authorities have suspended two health officials after $3.7 million worth of vaccines donated by UNICEF to protect children from deadly diseases were wasted, officials said Tuesday.
The pentavalent vaccines, which protect against five diseases with a single shot, spoiled because they were not stored at the proper temperature, officials said.
Ayaz Gul March 02, 2015 3:18 PM
ISLAMABAD— Authorities in Pakistan have arrested more than 470 parents and issued warrants for hundreds of others for refusing to have their children vaccinated against polio. The crackdown is part of renewed efforts to eradicate the crippling disease from Pakistan, one of only three countries where polio remains endemic.
The arrests took place during a fresh immunization drive Monday in the restive northwestern Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province where the polio virus is most prevalent.
Ayesha Tanzeem
March 02, 2015 4:44 PM
ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN— Sahib Rehman Faizy stood in his narrow shop full of brightly-colored Afghan clothing for women and reminisced about when business was good. A refugee from neighboring Afghanistan, he has lived in Pakistan's capital city of Islamabad for more than 20 years. Like many other Afghan refugees, he was able to set up a successful business.
QUETTA: The second phase of a polio eradication campaign could not be launched in Quetta, Zhob and Sherani districts on Monday because of inadequate security arrangements by the Balochistan government.
The health department refused to send staff and volunteers to take part in the campaign without full security arrangements in the districts.
"We cannot launch the campaign until the required security is arranged," an official of the department said, adding that it would be launched after the security arrangements were made.
By Syed Raza Hassan
ISLAMABAD, March 2 (Reuters) - Pakistan has wasted $3.7 million worth of vaccines donated to protect children from deadly diseases because officials failed to store them properly, a senior health official told Reuters on Monday.
Read the full article
According to the report of NDMA dated 15th Oct, 2014 and Recovery Framework 2014-2016, Monsoon rains had affected 2.53 million caused 367 deaths and 673 people got injured in AJK, Punjab,KP and GB.
Initially PRCS has catered the emergency needs of the people through provision of 4500 x Food packs of 22 kg in different districts of Punjab along-with provision of Non Food Items (NFIs) (comprising of emergency shelter & essential household items) to 3,370 x families.
1. PRCS Initial Response
a. PRCS relief operation commenced on 22nd June with initial response as under:-
(1) Cooked rice to approx. 23000 TDPs
(2) Health care to 1,690 TDPs through deployment of 4 x Mobile Health Units
(3) Deployment of 05 Ambulances
(4) Provision of 22,000 liters of clean Drinking Water
b . PRCS case load to assist the TDPs are as under:-
(1) Non Food Items 8,000 families (One time distribution)


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Twenties Girl: A NovelBONUS: This edition contains an excerpt from Sophie Kinsella's Wedding Night. Lara Lington has always had an overactive imagination, but suddenly that imagination seems to be in overdrive. Normal professional twenty-something young women don't get visited by ghosts. Or do they? When the spirit of Lara's great-aunt Sadie—a feisty, demanding girl with firm ideas about fashion, love, and the right way to dance—mysteriously appears, she has one request: Lara must find a missing necklace that had been in Sadie's possession for more than seventy-five years, because Sadie cannot rest without it. Lara and Sadie make a hilarious sparring duo, and at first it seems as though they have nothing in common. But as the mission to find Sadie's necklace leads to intrigue and a new romance for Lara, these very different "twenties" girls learn some surprising truths from and about each other. Written with all the irrepressible charm and humor that have made Sophie Kinsella's books beloved by millions, Twenties Girl is also a deeply moving testament to the transcendent bonds of friendship and family. |
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User Review - LC.chicago - BordersSophie's books have yet to disappoint me. The character in this book reminds me slightly of Becky Bloomwood's character. However she is different enough to keep things new and interesting. Just one of the many reader pleaser books she has written! Read full review
User Review - Rambling Reader - BordersThis book was great. I am a 1920's enthusiast so it was great to see little bits of it interspersed in the book. She's got a great story line that's very entertaining and keeps you on your toes. Her ... Read full review
Section 1 | 3 |
Section 2 | 18 |
Section 3 | 37 |
Section 4 | 49 |
Section 5 | 75 |
Section 6 | 96 |
Section 7 | 109 |
Section 8 | 121 |
Section 9 | 129 |
Section 10 | 151 |
Section 11 | 172 |
Section 12 | 181 |
Section 13 | 201 |
Section 14 | 212 |
Section 15 | 227 |
Common terms and phrases
anyway beads Bill's breath can't can't help chair coffee corset top dance Diamante didn't didn't doesn't don't don't want door dragonfly dress Ed Harrison Ed's eyes face Firenzo front funeral gaze Ginny girl give glance glass going great-aunt hair hand hastily He's He's head headhunter hear Hello I've isn't It's josh Kate Lara Lington laugh Leonidas Sports London Eye Malcolm Gledhill mean Mum and Dad Natalie necklace never nods painting pause realize Sadie looks Sadie's voice says at last says Sadie shake she's She's shrug sitting smile sorry sound stare starts stop suddenly sure swivel talk tell Thanks That's There's silence They're thing thought tiny told Tonya trying turn Uncle Bill waiting walk wasn't watch We're wearing What's who's woman won't wouldn't You're you're You've


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With monitors that go beyond the norm, HP attempts to make a splash at CES 2015.
Pricing not available
The iPhone 6 Plus is too big for everyone to love it, but it's Apple's best phone this year. If your budget and your pocket can make room for it, give the iPhone 6 Plus serious consideration.
The Samsung Galaxy Tab 4 is a smooth-performing midrange slate, but it's overpriced compared to similar tablets.
This new bulb sounds interesting, but we see some glaring problems with the company's approach.
The big-screen Sony R520/R550 series offers the best value you'll see from the company this year.
Pricing not available
The big-screen Sony R520/R550 series offers the best value you'll see from the company this year.
Pricing not available
The Toshiba Satellite S55t-A5277 comes close to being a great mainstream slim gaming laptop, but it's undone by an unimpressive display.
Vizio's top-of-the-line 27-inch touch all-in-one gets a modest update but stays traditional compared with detachable, convertible alternatives.
Imagine a Nexus 7's innards expanded to a 10-inch tablet and you've got the Asus MeMo Pad Smart 10. Now ask yourself: why wouldn't you want something better?
Pricing not available
The Samsung ATIV Smart PC Pro 700T walks the line between ultrabook-level laptop and tablet, but doesn't truly excel at either.


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Natural Capitalism
We can create new jobs, restore our environment, and promote social stability. The solutions are creative, practical, and profitable.
One is tempted to say that there is nothing wrong with capitalism except that it has never been tried. Our current industrial system is based on accounting principles that would bankrupt any company.
Conventional economic theories will not guide our future for a simple reason: They have never placed "natural capital" on the balance sheet. When it is included, not as a free amenity or as a putative infinite supply, but as an integral and valuable part of the production process, everything changes. Prices, costs, and what is and isn't economically sound change dramatically.
Industries destroy natural capital because they have historically benefited from doing so. As businesses successfully created more goods and jobs, consumer demand soared, compounding the destruction of natural capital. All that is about to change.
Natural systems provide trillions of dollars in services that have no man-made substitutes, as Biosphere II's failure shows.
Everyone is familiar with the traditional definition of capital as accumulated wealth in the form of investments, factories, and equipment. "Natural capital," on the other hand, comprises the resources we use, both nonrenewable (oil, coal, metal ore) and renewable (forests, fisheries, grasslands). Although we usually think of renewable resources in terms of desired materials, such as wood, their most important value lies in the services they provide. These services are related to, but distinct from, the resources themselves. They are not pulpwood but forest cover, not food but topsoil. Living systems feed us, protect us, heal us, clean the nest, let us breathe. They are the "income" derived from a healthy environment: clean air and water, climate stabilization, rainfall, ocean productivity, fertile soil, watersheds, and the less-appreciated functions of the environment, such as processing waste -- both natural and industrial. Nature's Services, a book due out this spring edited by Stanford University biologist Gretchen C. Daily, identifies trillions of dollars of critical ecosystem services received annually by commerce.
For anyone who doubts the innate value of ecosystem services, the $200 million Biosphere II experiment stands as a reality check. In 1991, eight people entered a sealed, glass-enclosed, 3-acre living system, where they expected to remain alive and healthy for two years. Instead, air quality plummeted, carbon dioxide levels rose, and oxygen had to be pumped in from the outside to keep the inhabitants healthy. Nitrous oxide levels inhibited brain function. Cockroaches flourished while insect pollinators died, vines choked out crops and trees, and nutrients polluted the water so much that the residents had to filter it by hand before they could drink it. Of the original 25 small animal species in Biosphere II, 19 became extinct.
At the end of 17 months, the humans showed signs of oxygen starvation from living at the equivalent of an altitude of 17,500 feet. Of course, design flaws are inherent in any prototype, but the fact remains that $200 million could not maintain a functioning ecosystem for eight people for 17 months. We add eight people to the planet every three seconds.
The lesson of Biosphere II is that there are no man-made substitutes for essential natural services. We have not come up with an economical way to manufacture watersheds, gene pools, topsoil, wetlands, river systems, pollinators, or fisheries. Technological fixes can't solve problems with soil fertility or guarantee clean air, biological diversity, pure water, and climatic stability; nor can they increase the capacity of the environment to absorb 25 billion tons of waste created annually in America alone.
The new limits to prosperity are natural systems -- not boats, but fisheries; not sawmills, but forests.
Until the 1970s, the concept of natural capital was largely irrelevant to business planning, and it still is in most companies. Throughout the industrial era, economists considered manufactured capital -- money, factories, etc. -- the principal factor in industrial production, and perceived natural capital as a marginal contributor. The exclusion of natural capital from balance sheets was an understandable omission. There was so much of it, it didn't seem worth counting. Not any longer.
Historically, economic development has faced a number of limiting factors, including the availability of labor, energy resources, machinery, and financial capital. The absence or depletion of a limiting factor can prevent a system from growing. If marooned in a snowstorm, you need water, food, and warmth to survive. Having more of one factor cannot compensate for the absence of the other. Drinking more water will not make up for lack of clothing if you are freezing.
In the past, by increasing the limiting factor, industrial societies continued to develop economically. It wasn't always pretty: Slavery "satisfied" labor shortages, as did immigration and high birthrates. Mining companies exploited coal, oil, and gas to meet increased energy demands. The need for labor-saving devices provoked the invention of steam engines, spinning jennies, cotton gins, and telegraphs. Financial capital became universally accessible through central banks, credit, stock exchanges, and currency exchange mechanisms.
Because economies grow and change, new limiting factors occasionally emerge. When they do, massive restructuring occurs. Nothing works as before. Behavior that used to be economically sound becomes unsound, even destructive.
Economist Herman E. Daly cautions that we are facing a historic juncture in which, for the first time, the limits to increased prosperity are not the lack of man-made capital but the lack of natural capital. The limits to increased fish harvests are not boats, but productive fisheries; the limits to irrigation are not pumps or electricity, but viable aquifers; the limits to pulp and lumber production are not sawmills, but plentiful forests.
Like all previous limiting factors, the emergence of natural capital as an economic force will pose a problem for reactionary institutions. For those willing to embrace the challenges of a new era, however, it presents an enormous opportunity.
Economists make no distinctions when reporting growth -- whether we've invested in new schools or paid to clean up a toxic waste spill.
The value of natural capital is masked by a financial system that gives us improper information -- a classic case of "garbage in, garbage out." Money and prices and markets don't give us exact information about how much our suburbs, freeways, and spandex cost. Instead, everything else is giving us accurate information: our beleaguered air and watersheds, our overworked soils, our decimated inner cities. All of these provide information our prices should be giving us but do not.
Let's begin with a startling possibility: The U.S. economy may not be growing at all, and may have ceased growing nearly 25 years ago. Obviously, we are not talking about the gross domestic product (GDP), measured in dollars, which has grown at 2.5 percent per year since 1973. Despite this growth, there is little evidence of improved lives, better infrastructure, higher real wages, more leisure and family time, and greater economic security.
The logic here is simple, although unorthodox. We don't know if our economy is growing because the indices we rely upon, such as the GDP, don't measure growth. The GDP measures money transactions on the assumption that when a dollar changes hands, economic growth occurs. But there is a world of difference between financial exchanges and growth. Compare an addition to your home to a two-month stay in the hospital for injuries you suffered during a mugging. Say both cost the same. Which is growth? The GDP makes no distinction. Or suppose the president announces he will authorize $10 billion for new prisons to help combat crime. Is the $10 billion growth? Or what if a train overturns next to the Sacramento River and spills 10,000 gallons of atrazine, poisoning all the fish for 30 miles downstream? Money pours into cleanups, hatchery releases, announcements warning people about tainted fish, and lawsuits against the railroad and the chemical company. Growth? Or loss?
Currently, economists count most industrial, environmental, and social waste as GDP, right along with bananas, cars, and Barbie dolls. Growth includes all expenditures, regardless of whether society benefits or loses. This includes the cost of emergency room services, prisons, toxic cleanups, homeless shelters, lawsuits, cancer treatments, divorces, and every piece of litter along the side of every highway.
Instead of counting decay as economic growth, we need to subtract decline from revenue to see if we are getting ahead or falling behind. Unfortunately, where economic growth is concerned, the government uses a calculator with no minus sign.
Reducing resource waste creates jobs.
Industry has always sought to increase the productivity of workers, not resources. And for good reason. Most resource prices have fallen for 200 years -- due in no small part to the extraordinary increases in our ability to extract, harvest, ship, mine, and exploit resources. If the competitive advantage goes to the low-cost provider, and resources are cheap, then business will naturally use more and more resources in order to maximize worker productivity.
Such a strategy was eminently sensible when the population was smaller and resources were plentiful. But with respect to meeting the needs of the future, contemporary business economics is pre-Copernican. We cannot heal the country's social wounds or "save" the environment as long as we cling to the outdated industrial assumptions that the summum bonum of commercial enterprise is to use more stuff and fewer people. Our thinking is backward: We shouldn't use more of what we have less of (natural capital) to use less of what we have more of (people). While the need to maintain high labor productivity is critical to income and economic well-being, labor productivity that corrodes society is like burning the furniture to heat the house.
Our pursuit of increased labor productivity at all costs not only depletes the environment, it also depletes labor. Just as overproduction can exhaust topsoil, overproductivity can exhaust a workforce. The underlying assumption that greater productivity would lead to greater leisure and well-being, while true for many decades, has become a bad joke. In the United States, those who are employed, and presumably becoming more productive, find they are working 100 to 200 hours more per year than 20 years ago. Yet real wages haven't increased for more than 20 years.
In 1994, I asked a roomful of senior executives from Fortune 500 companies the following questions: Do you want to work harder in five years than you do today? Do you know anyone in your office who is a slacker? Do you know any parents in your company who are spending too much time with their kids? The only response was a few embarrassed laughs. Then it was quiet -- perhaps numb is a better word.
Meanwhile, people whose jobs have been downsized, re-engineered, or restructured out of existence are being told -- as are millions of youths around the world -- that we have created an economic system so ingenious that it doesn't need them, except perhaps to do menial service jobs.
In parts of the industrialized world, unemployment and underemployment have risen faster than employment for more than 25 years. Nearly one-third of the world's workers sense that they have no value in the present economic scheme.
Clearly, when 1 billion willing workers can't find a decent job or any employment at all, we need to make fundamental changes. We can't -- whether through monetary means, government programs, or charity -- create a sense of value and dignity in people's lives when we're simultaneously developing a society that doesn't need them. If people don't feel valued, they will act out society's verdict in sometimes shocking ways. William Strickland, a pioneer in working with inner-city children, once said that "you can't teach algebra to someone who doesn't want to be here." He meant that urban kids don't want to be here at all, alive, anywhere on earth. They try to tell us, but we don't listen. So they engage in increasingly risky behavior -- unprotected sex, drugs, violence -- until we notice. By that time, their conduct has usually reached criminal proportions -- and then we blame the victims, build more jails, and lump the costs into the GDP.
The theologian Matthew Fox has pointed out that we are the only species without full employment. Yet we doggedly pursue technologies that will make that ever more so. Today we fire people, perfectly capable people, to wring out one more wave of profits. Some of the restructuring is necessary and overdue. But, as physicists Amory Lovins and Ernst von WeizsS In fact, reducing resource use creates jobs and lessens the impact we have on the environment. We can grow, use fewer resources, lower taxes, increase per capita spending on the needy, end federal deficits, reduce the size of government, and begin to restore damaged environments, both natural and social. At this point, you may well be skeptical. The last summary is too hopeful and promises too much. If economic alternatives are this attractive, why aren't we doing them now? A good question. I will try to answer it. But, lest you think these proposals are Pollyannaish, know that my optimism arises from the magnitude of the problem, not from the ease of the solutions. Waste is too expensive; it's cheaper to do the right thing. Economists argue that rational markets make this the most efficient of all possible economies. But that theory works only as long as you use financial efficiency as the sole metric and ignore physics, biology, and common sense. The physics of energy and mass conservation, along with the laws of entropy, are the arbiters of efficiency, not Forbes or the Dow Jones or the Federal Reserve. The economic issue is: How much work (value) does society get from its materials and energy? This is a very different question than asking how much return it can get out of its money. If we already deployed materials or energy efficiently, it would support the contention that a radical increase in resource productivity is unrealistic. But the molecular trail leads to the opposite conclusion. For example, cars are barely 1 percent efficient in the sense that, for every 100 gallons of gasoline, only one gallon actually moves the passengers. Likewise, only 8 to 10 percent of the energy used in heating the filament of an incandescent lightbulb actually becomes visible light. (Some describe it as a space heater disguised as a lightbulb.) Modern carpeting remains on the floor for up to 12 years, after which it remains in landfills for as long as 20,000 years or more -- less than .06 percent efficiency. According to Robert Ayres, a leader in studying industrial metabolism, about 94 percent of the materials extracted for use in manufacturing durable products become waste before the product is even manufactured. More waste is generated in production, and most of that is lost unless the product is reused or recycled. Overall, America's material and energy efficiency is no more than 1 or 2 percent. In other words, American industry uses as much as 100 times more material and energy than theoretically required to deliver consumer services. A watershed moment in the study of resource productivity occurred in 1976, when Amory Lovins published his now-famous essay "Energy Strategy: The Road Not Taken?" Lovins' argument was simple: Instead of pursuing a "hard path" demanding a constantly increasing energy supply, he proposed that the real issue was how best to provide the energy's "end use" at the least cost. In other words, consumers are not interested in gigajoules, watts, or Btu, he argued. They want well-illuminated workspaces, hot showers, comfortable homes, effective transport. People want the service that energy provides. Lovins pointed out that an intelligent energy system would furnish the service at the lowest cost. As an example, he compared the cost of insulation with that of nuclear power. The policy of building nuclear power plants represented the "supply at any cost" doctrine that still lingers today. He said it made no sense to use expensive power plants to heat homes, and then let that heat escape because the homes lack insulation. Lovins contended that we could make more money by saving energy than by wasting it, and that we'd find more energy in the attics of American homes than in all the oil buried in Alaska. His predictions proved correct, although his proposals remained largely unheeded by the government. Today, the nuclear power industry has become moribund, not because of anti-nuclear protests but because it is uncompetitive. In 1976, energy experts used to argue about whether the United States could achieve energy savings of 30 percent. Twenty-one years later, having already obtained savings of more than 30 percent over 1976 levels -- savings worth $180 billion a year -- experts now wonder whether we can achieve an additional 50 to 90 percent. Lovins thinks we might possibly save as much as 99 percent. That may sound ridiculous, but certainly no more so than the claim that textile workers could use gears and motors to increase their efficiency a hundredfold would have sounded at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. The resource productivity revolution is at a similar threshold. State-of-the-shelf technologies -- fans, lights, pumps, superefficient windows, motors, and other products with proven track records -- combined with intelligent mechanical and building design, could reduce energy consumption in American buildings by 90 percent. State-of-the-art technologies that are just being introduced could reduce consumption still further. In some cases -- wind power, for example -- the technologies not only operate more efficiently and pollute less, they also are more labor-intensive. Wind energy requires more labor than coal-generated electricity, but has become competitive with it on a real-cost basis. The resource revolution is starting to show up in all areas of business. In the forest products industry, clearinghouses now identify hundreds of techniques that can reduce the use of timber and pulpwood by nearly 75 percent without diminishing the quality of housing, the "services" provided by books and paper, or the convenience of a tissue. In the housing industry, builders can use dozens of local or composite materials, including those made from rice and wheat straw, wastepaper, and earth, instead of studs, plywood, and concrete. The Herman Miller company currently designs furniture that can be reused and remanufactured a number of times; DesignTex, a subsidiary of Steelcase, a leading manufacturer of office furniture, sells fabrics that can be easily composted. Although a new "hypercar" is now in development, "new urbanist" architects, such as Peter Calthorpe, Andres Duany, Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk, and others, are designing communities that could eliminate 40 to 60 percent of driving needs. (A recent San Francisco study showed that communities can decrease car use by 30 percent when they double population density.) Internet-based transactions may render many shopping malls obsolete. Down the road we'll have quantum semiconductors that store vast amounts of information on chips no bigger than a dot; diodes that emit light for 20 years without bulbs; ultrasound washing machines that use no water, heat, or soap; hyperlight materials stronger than steel; deprintable and reprintable paper; biological technologies that reduce or eliminate the need for insecticides and fertilizers; plastics that are both reusable and compostable; piezoelectric polymers that can generate electricity from the heel of your shoe or the force of a wave; and roofs and roads that do double duty as solar energy collectors. Some of these technologies, of course, may turn out to be impractical or have unwanted side effects. Nevertheless, these and thousands more are lining up like salmon to swim upstream toward greater resource productivity. How can government help speed these entrepreneurial "salmon" along? The most fundamental policy implication is simple to envision, but difficult to execute: We have to revise the tax system to stop subsidizing behaviors we don't want (resource depletion and pollution) and to stop taxing behaviors we do want (income and work). We need to transform, incrementally but firmly, the sticks and carrots that guide business. Taxes and subsidies are information. Everybody, whether rich or poor, acts on that information every day. Taxes make something more expensive to buy; subsidies artificially lower prices. In the United States, we generally like to subsidize environmental exploitation, cars, big corporations, and technological boondoggles. (We don't like to subsidize clean technologies that will lead to more jobs and innovation because that is supposed to be left to the "market.") Specifically, we subsidize carbon-based energy production, particularly oil and coal; we massively subsidize a transportation system that has led to suburban sprawl and urban decay; we subsidize risky technologies like nuclear fission and pie-in-the-sky weapons systems like Star Wars. (Between 1946 and 1961 the Atomic Energy Commission spent $1 billion to develop a nuclear-powered airplane. But it was such a lemon that the plane could not get off the ground. History's dustbin also includes a nuclear-powered ship, the Savannah, that was retired after the Maritime Administration found she cost $2 million more per year than other ships.) We subsidize the disposal of waste in all its myriad forms -- from landfills, to Superfund cleanups, to deep-well injection, to storage of nuclear waste. In the process, we encourage an economy where 80 percent of what we consume gets thrown away after one use. As for farming, the U.S. government covers all the bases: We subsidize agricultural production, agricultural nonproduction, agricultural destruction, and agricultural restoration. We provide price supports to sugarcane growers, and we subsidize the restoration of the Everglades (which sugarcane growers are destroying). We subsidize cattle grazing on public lands, and we pay for soil conservation. We subsidize energy costs so that farmers can deplete aquifers to grow alfalfa to feed cows that make milk that we store in warehouses as surplus cheese that does not get to the hungry. Then there is the money we donate to dying industries: federal insurance provided to floodplain developers, cheap land leases to ski resorts, deposit insurance given to people who looted U.S. savings and loans, payments to build roads into wilderness areas so that privately held forest product companies can buy wood at a fraction of replacement cost, and monies to defense suppliers who have provided the Pentagon with billions of dollars in unnecessary inventory and parts. Those are some of the activities we encourage. What we hinder, apparently, is work and social welfare, since we mainly tax labor and income, thereby discouraging both. In 1994, the federal government raised $1.27 trillion in taxes. Seventy-one percent of that revenue came from taxes on labor -- income taxes and Social Security taxes. Another 10 percent came from corporate income tax. By taxing labor heavily, we encourage businesses not to employ people. To create a policy that supports resource productivity will require a shift away from taxing the social "good" of labor, toward taxing the social "bads" of resource exploitation, pollution, fossil fuels, and waste. This tax shift should be "revenue neutral" -- meaning that for every dollar of taxation added to resources or waste, one dollar would be removed from labor taxes. As the cost of waste and resources increases, business would save money by hiring less-expensive labor to save more-expensive resources. The eventual goal would be to achieve zero taxation on labor and income. The purpose of this tax shift would be to change what is taxed, not who is taxed. But no tax shift is uniform, and without adjustments for lower incomes, a shift toward taxing resources would likely be regressive. Therefore, efforts should be made to keep the tax burden on various income groups more or less where it is now. (There are numerous means to accomplish this.) The important element to change is the purpose of the tax system because, other than generating revenue, the current tax system has no clear goal. The only incentive provided by the Internal Revenue Code, with its 9,000 sections, is to cheat or to hire tax lawyers. A shift toward taxing resources would require steady implementation, in order to give business a clear horizon in which to make strategic investments. A time span of 15 to 20 years, for example, should be long enough to permit businesses to continue depreciating current capital investments over their useful lives. Of course, a tax shift alone will not change the way business operates; a broad array of policy changes on issues of global trade, education, economic development, econometrics (including measures of growth and well-being), and scientific research must accompany it. For the tax shift to succeed, we must also reverse the wrenching breakdown of our democracy, which means addressing campaign finance reform and media concentration. It is easier, as the saying goes, to ride a horse in the direction it is going. Because the costs of natural capital will inevitably increase, we should start changing the tax system now and get ahead of the curve. Shifting taxes to resources won't -- as some in industry will doubtless claim -- mean diminishing standards of living. It will mean an explosion of innovation that will create products, techniques, and processes that are far more effective than what they replace. Some economists will naturally counter that we should let the markets dictate costs and that using taxation to promote particular outcomes is interventionist. But all tax systems are interventionist; the question is not whether to intervene but how to intervene. A tax system should integrate cost with price. Currently, we dissociate the two. We know the price of everything but the cost of nothing. Price is what the buyer pays. Cost is what society pays. For example, Americans pay about $1.50 per gallon at the gas pump, but gasoline actually costs up to $7 a gallon when you factor in all the costs. Middle Eastern oil, for instance, costs nearly $100 a barrel: $25 to buy and $75 a barrel for the Pentagon to keep shipping lanes open to tanker traffic. Similarly, a pesticide may be priced at $35 per gallon, but what does it cost society as the pesticide makes its way into wells, rivers, and bloodstreams? In 1750, few could imagine the outcome of industrialization. Today, the prospect of a resource productivity revolution in the next century is equally hard to fathom. But this is what it promises: an economy that uses progressively less material and energy each year and where the quality of consumer services continues to improve; an economy where environmental deterioration stops and gets reversed as we invest in increasing our natural capital; and, finally, a society where we have more useful and worthy work available than people to do it. A utopian vision? No. The human condition will remain. We will still be improvident and wise, foolish and just. No economic system is a panacea, nor can any create a better person. But as the 20th century has painfully taught us, a bad system can certainly destroy good people. Natural capitalism is not about making sudden changes, uprooting institutions, or fomenting upheaval for a new social order. (In fact, these consequences are more likely if we don't address fundamental problems.) Natural capitalism is about making small, critical choices that can tip economic and social factors in positive ways. Natural capitalism may not guarantee particular outcomes, but it will ensure that economic systems more closely mimic biological systems, which have successfully adapted to dynamic changes over millennia. After all, this analogy is at the heart of capitalism, the idea that markets have a power that mimics life and evolution. We should expand this logic, not retract it. For business, the opportunities are clear and enormous. With the population doubling sometime in the next century, and resource availability per capita dropping by one-half to three-fourths over that same period, which factor in production do you think will go up in value -- and which do you think will go down? This basic shift in capital availability is inexorable.
Ironically, organizations like Earth First!, Rainforest Action Network, and Greenpeace have now become the real capitalists. By addressing such issues as greenhouse gases, chemical contamination, and the loss of fisheries, wildlife corridors, and primary forests, they are doing more to preserve a viable business future than are all the chambers of commerce put together. While business leaders hotly contest the idea of resource shortages, there are few credible scientists or corporations who argue that we are not losing the living systems that provide us with trillions of dollars of natural capital: our soil, forest cover, aquifers, oceans, grasslands, and rivers. Moreover, these systems are diminishing at a time when the world's population and the demand for services are growing exponentially.
Looking ahead, if living standards and population double over the next 50
years as some predict, and if we assume the developing world shared the
same living standard we do, we would have to increase our resource use
(and attendant waste) by a factor of 16 in five decades. Publicly,
governments, the United Nations, and industries all work toward this end.
Privately, no one believes that we can increase industrial throughput by
a factor anywhere near 16, considering the earth's limited and now
fraying life-support systems.
It is difficult for economists, whose important theories originated
during a time of resource abundance, to understand how the decline in
ecosystem services is laying the groundwork for the next stage in
economic evolution. This next stage, whatever it may be called, is being
brought about by powerful and much-delayed feedback from living systems.
As we surrender our living systems, social stability, fiscal soundness,
and personal health to outmoded economic assumptions, we are hoping that
conventional economic growth will save us. But if economic "growth" does
save us, it will be anything but conventional.
So why be hopeful? Because the solution is profitable, creative, and
eminently possible. Societies may act stupidly for a period of time, but
eventually they move to the path of least economic resistance. The loss
of natural capital services,
lamentable as it is in environmental terms, also affects costs. So far,
we have created convoluted economic theories and accounting systems to
work around the problem.
You can win a Nobel Prize in economics and travel to the royal palace in
Stockholm in a gilded, horse-drawn brougham believing that ancient
forests are more valuable in liquidation -- as fruit crates and Yellow
Pages -- than as a going and growing concern. But soon (I would estimate
within a few decades), we will realize collectively what each of us
already knows individually: It's cheaper to take care of something -- a
roof, a car, a planet -- than to let it decay and try to fix it later.
While there may be no "right" way
to value a forest or a river, there is a wrong way, which is to give it
no value at all. How do we decide the value of
a 700-year-old tree? We need only ask how much it would cost to make a
new one. Or a new river, or even a
new atmosphere.
Despite the shrill divisiveness of media and politics, Americans remain
remarkably consistent in what kind of country they envision for their
children and grandchildren. The benefits of resource productivity align
almost perfectly with what American voters say they want: better schools,
a better environment, safer communities, more economic security, stronger
families and family support, freer markets, less regulation, fewer taxes,
smaller government, and more local control.
The future belongs to those who understand that doing more with less
is compassionate, prosperous, and enduring, and thus more intelligent,
even competitive.
To learn more about tax shifting and the true-cost accounting
of resources, visit Redefining Progress.
Innovations -- from ultrasound washing machines to virtual malls -- will radically reduce resource inefficiency.
Reducing income taxes while increasing resource prices will stimulate employment and environmental restoration.
Our living systems and social stability are at risk. But the solutions are profitable, creative, and eminently possible.
MoJo Troll Patrol encourages readers to sign in with Facebook, Twitter, Google, Yahoo, Disqus, or OpenID to comment. Please read our comment policy before posting.


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Laura Marling Sophia music video (official). Sophia is the lead single from Laura Marling's upcoming 3rd studio album A Creature I Don't know. The album will be released on the 12th of September. The British folk singer will tour Britain this October, playing gigs in cathedrals.
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Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
Area of Operations: Connecticut River, Connecticut, United States, North America, North Atlantic
Dates: May 13, 2013 to May 17, 2013
Chief scientist: Chris Sherwood Gali Kineke - Boston College; Rocky Geyer - WHOI; Dave Ralston - WHOI
Objectives: Obtain core samples, conduct erosion chamber analyses. Conduct sediment camera survey.
Type of Activity: Sampling;Connecticut River Estuary, Connecticut, United States, North America, North Atlantic
Information to be derived: Grain size analysis;Suspended sediment concentrations;Physical property data;Erosion chamber measurements Sediment camera images
Summary: Obtained cores and performed erosion-chamber measurements at three sites (2 measurements each) and sediment-camera images at >1000 sites. Grab samples at six sites for sediment-camera calibartion.
Contact: Patrick Dickhudt (firstname.lastname@example.com)
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product details-Tab
Now More Absorbent!
Long Lasting value!
6 Mega Rolls = 9 Scott® Choose-a-Size™ Regular Rolls
102 paper towels per roll, 1-plyEach towel 11x7.3in (27.9x18.5cm)Each roll 58.6 Sq ft (5.2 Sq m) Total 340 Sq ft
Made in the USA from Domestic and Imported material
To avoid danger of suffocation keep bag away from infants and children.
paper products can burn if improperly used in microwave ovens. Always follow the guideline and precautions in the microwave oven's owners manual.
Use Scott white towels in microwave and food preparation. occasionally ink from wet paper towels may transfer to some surfaces, for best results, use unprinted side.
©Kimberly-Clark World Wide, Inc
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(1 of 1 customers found this review helpful)
doesn't tear properly. Needs 3 hands
By PEGGY FROM QUEENS
from QUEENS, NY
describe yourself Quality Oriented
See all my reviews
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Comments about Scott Paper Towels, Choose-a-Size, Mega Roll, White, 6 ea:
Perfect if you have 3 hands and the strength of Atlas. Does not tear properly. You end up with a ragged piece of towel. Very frustrating I have stopped buying this product.
(2 of 2 customers found this review helpful)
Creates dust!
By Happy
from Sacramento
describe yourself Meticulous Cleaner
I love the select a size feature. I hate the fact that these paper towels leave so much dust! When I pull a sheet off the towel rack and the sun is shinning in just right, it's like snow. There is white dust all around the paper towel holder... not good on my dark stone coutner tops. The dust gets flying freely and lands on my black stove top, and highlights the black features of my counter top stainless steel appliances.


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How To Setup UPS shipping for negotiated rates
This is an old revision of the document!
Magento Version: 1.2.1
1) Changed URLs to: https://onlinetools.ups.com/ups.app/xml/Rate https://onlinetools.ups.com/ups.app/xml/Track
2) Go to UPS.com and obtain an account. Go to Business Solutions and search for Online Tools. Follow the steps to obtain an access key.
3) Go to Magento Admin → Configuration → Shipping Methods → UPS
4) Key Settings:
Enabled: Yes
UPS type: United Parcel Service XML
Access license number: YOUR ACCESS KEY
Password: Your UPS Account Password
UserId: Your UPS User ID
Gateway XML URL: https://onlinetools.ups.com/ups.app/xml/Rate
Shipper Number: Your Shipping Number (6 Digits)
Tracking XML URL: https://onlinetools.ups.com/ups.app/xml/Track
Still working, and will update shortly.


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Karoon sees commercial flows from Browse gas
PUBLISHED: 24 Oct 2012 15:04:00 | UPDATED: 24 Oct 2012 15:13:40PRINT EDITION: 25 Oct 2012Karoon Gas has forecast that its first well in its Browse Basin drilling campaign with ConocoPhillips has demonstrated the potential to flow at commercial rates.
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