text:
Panthers take strides forward
In terms of the regular season, the Park Rapids boys swimming team had similar results to last year.
In terms of the post-season, you could argue the Panthers were twice as successful as a team than a year ago.
During the regular season, the Panthers went 0-6 in dual meets and placed near the bottom in every invitational meet. Those results were the same as last season.
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Directories are often nested. Sometimes we need a list of files in a folder and those in each subdirectory. The .NET Framework allows a SearchOption.AllDirectories argument to the Directory.GetFiles and EnumerateFiles methods.
Based on: .NET 4.5
In this first example, we show a program that gets a string array of all the files at a certain level of the file system. It also covers all sublevels. Then, it loops through the result and prints the file paths.
Tip:You can see that the first level files in the specified directory are printed, and then all subdirectory files as well.
String ArrayForeachConsole.WriteLineC# program that lists files recursively using System; using System.IO; class Program { static void Main() { // Get list of files in the specific directory. // ... Please change the first argument. string[] files = Directory.GetFiles("C:\\PerlsComStage\\", "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories); // Display all the files. foreach (string file in files) { Console.WriteLine(file); } } } Output C:\PerlsComStage\Default.aspx C:\PerlsComStage\Global.asax C:\PerlsComStage\Web.config C:\PerlsComStage\bin\PerlsComWebProject1.dll C:\PerlsComStage\bin\PerlsComWebProject1.pdb
The first argument to Directory.GetFiles is the starting path. You must escape the backslashes in Windows paths. We use the double-backslash sequence to do this. The second argument is the universal pattern for file names.
Tip:If you change the asterisks to a string, you can actually filter your files.
And:The third argument is the enumerated constant SearchOption.AllDirectories, which indicates you want a recursive file search.
Enumerated ConstantIn this example, we convert the array returned by Directory.GetFiles to a List instance. Then we pass the List instance to another method as a formal parameter and display the value returned by its Count property.
ListNote:In early versions of the .NET Framework, it may have been necessary to implement custom recursive file search algorithms.
But:Today these methods are unnecessary because they overlap with existing functionality.
C# program that gets file List using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; class Program { static void Main() { // Make sure directory exists before using this! var files = new List<string>(Directory.GetFiles("C:\\folder", "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories)); Method(files); } static void Method(List<string> files) { Console.WriteLine(files.Count); } } Output (Varies depending on contents of the folder.) 22
Another option for getting files in nested directories is EnumerateFiles. This method receives the directory path as its first argument. The second two arguments are optional. To recurse through directories, use AllDirectories.
Tip:With EnumerateFiles, we receive an IEnumerable<string>. This must be evaluated in a foreach-loop or extension method.
IEnumerable Examples: LINQ, Lists and ArraysC# program that uses EnumerateFiles using System; using System.IO; class Program { static void Main() { // Call EnumerateFiles in a foreach-loop. foreach (string file in Directory.EnumerateFiles(@"c:\files", "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories)) { // Display file path. Console.WriteLine(file); } } } Output c:\files\index.html c:\files\style.css c:\files\images\logo.png c:\files\images\picture.jpg
Note:Thanks to Csaba Toth for pointing out the EnumerateFiles method, added in the .NET Framework 4.0.
An overloaded version of the Directory.GetFiles method allows you to perform a recursive file listing. Instead of elaborate custom implementations, this method overload provides a clearer, simpler abstraction.
And:The EnumerateFiles is another option. Its usage is similar to GetFiles, but it returns an IEnumerable.
Thus:Implementing custom recursion and stack-based methods is interesting. But using a proven method is often more effective.


text:
US 20040003138 A1 Abstract A system and method for handling properties of objects is provided. More specifically, the system and method provide a dependency mechanism for expressing the relationship between the properties in a formal manner. This relationship may either be applied globally or locally. Using the dependency mechanism, the property system monitors relationships between properties and detects circularities between the different properties during runtime. The system and method also provide an evaluation mechanism for calculating a value for any of the properties. Because the property system is on-demand, the value need not be stored in local storage. The dependency mechanism and the evaluation mechanism are extensible, which allows the property system to model any type of relationship, such as a direct relationship, inheritance, reverse inheritance, property sheets, encapsulation, and the like.
Claims(25) 1. A computer-readable medium including computer-executable components, comprising:
a property engine that exposes a set of common interfaces, each common interface being configured to operate on a property of an object, the property being identified by a parameter passed to the common interface, the common interface further being configured to operate on the identified property based on an expression associated with the identified property; and a property manager configured to register the property of the object and to assign a property identifier to the property, the property identifier corresponding to the parameter. 2. The computer-readable medium of
3. The computer-readable medium of
4. The computer-readable medium of
5. The computer-readable medium of
6. The computer-readable medium of
7. The computer-readable medium of
8. The computer-readable medium of
9. The computer-readable medium of
10. The computer-readable medium of
11. A computer-implemented method for managing properties of objects, the method comprising:
associating an expression with a property of an object, the expression defining a relationship between the property and at least one source property; in response to a request for a value of the property, evaluating the expression to determine the value of the property; and returning the value of the property. 12. The computer-implemented method of
13. The computer-implemented method of
14. The computer-implemented method of
15. The computer-implemented method of
16. The computer-implemented method of
17. The computer-implemented method of
18. The computer-implemented method of
19. The computer-implemented method of
20. A computer-readable medium encoded with data structures, comprising:
a first data structure having a plurality of data fields, each data field corresponding to a property, the data field storing a value of the property; and a second data structure having a plurality of expressions, each expression defining a relationship between at least one of the data fields of the first data structure and other properties. 21. The computer-readable medium of
22. The computer-readable medium of
23. The computer-readable medium of
24. The computer-readable medium of
25. The computer-readable medium of
Description [0001] Today, most applications are written using objects. These objects may be supplied by third parties or may be developed specifically for an application. By using objects, code may be easily reused and incorporated into many different applications without modification. In addition, if modifications are necessary, a new object may be created that inherits the functionality of the object. Then, new specific functionality may be added to the new object as needed. This ability to reuse and modify existing objects reduces the development time for new applications, sometimes as much as from months to weeks. [0002] However, even though the use of objects has become very commonplace and is beneficial, the current approach for handling properties in these objects has several drawbacks. For example, if a first property in an object is dependent on a second property in another object, a developer must write code that monitors (i.e., listens) to the second property and, upon change, change the first property. One simplified portion of code that performs these functions is as follows:
[0003] As shown, this callback function returns a value for the second property (i.e., BackgroundColor), whenever the first property (e.g., Button1 Pressed) changes. Therefore, each time the first property state changes, a value (e.g., Red or Grey) is computed and stored in the second property during the callback. This technique requires storage in the object for the second property. The storage is used to keep a current state for the second property. [0004] Because developers may develop these objects in isolation, circularities between some of the properties within different objects may occur. For example, continuing with the above example, a callback function for the backgroundColor property may be added that changes the state of the Button1 Pressed property. While having a callback function that changes the state of a button pressed property due to a change in backgroundColor is not very realistic and would not typically occur in an application, it helps illustrate the problem that occurs when two properties change each other's state. In actual applications, typically, two parameter would not change each other's state directly, but other dependent properties would cause the circularity illustrated by this simplistic example. Therefore, given the example above, at runtime, once one of these two properties changes state, both will continue to change states indefinitely. This circularity problem must then be identified and corrected before proper operation can occur. Unfortunately, it is very difficult to test every combination of property changes. Therefore, some of these circularity problems may not surface until after a software product has been released. [0005] Due to at least these limitations, the current model for handling properties of objects is not ideal. [0006] The present invention is directed at a system and method for handling properties of objects such that a change in a first property does not affect a dependent property until an operation associated with the dependent property is called. Thus, providing an on-demand type of property system. More specifically, the system and method provide a dependency mechanism for expressing the relationship between the properties in a formal manner. This relationship may either be applied globally or locally. Using the dependency mechanism, the property system can monitor relationships between properties and can detect circularities between the different properties during runtime. The system and method also provide an evaluation mechanism for calculating a value for any of the registered properties. Both the dependency mechanism and the evaluation mechanism are extensible, which allows the property system to model any type of relationship, such as a direct relationship, inheritance, reverse inheritance, property sheets, encapsulation, and the like. [0007] One advantage of the present invention is that values do not need to be stored in local storage. In addition, because the property system is on-demand, the property system of the present invention is more scalable with respect to speed and memory performance. [0008] Another advantage of the present invention is that the developers no longer need to write elaborate listener and callback functions to properly handle properties being developed. [0009] Yet another advantage of the present invention is that managing storage for the properties in the objects becomes more efficient and convenient. Each object instance no longer needs to have local storage for each property in that object. [0010] Yet still another advantage of the present invention is that the property system will detect circularity between properties during runtime and will break the circularity. [0011]FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary computing device that may be used in one exemplary embodiment of the present invention. [0012]FIG. 2 is a graphical representation of property relationships that can be modeled by a property system in accordance with the present invention. [0013]FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary syntax for an Expression class that provides a dependency mechanism and an evaluation mechanism in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. [0014]FIG. 4 is a graphical representation of a programming model that provides specific common interfaces to the nodes in accordance with the present invention. [0015]FIG. 5 is a logical flow diagram illustrating a get value process for retrieving a value for a registered property in accordance with the present invention. [0016]FIG. 6 is a logical flow diagram illustrating a set value process for setting a value for a registered property in accordance with the present invention. [0017]FIG. 7 is a logical flow diagram illustrating an exemplary reporting process suitable for use in the set value process in FIG. 6. [0018] Briefly stated, the present invention provides an on-demand property system. This on-demand property system handles properties of objects in a manner such that a change in a first property does not affect a dependent property until an operation, associated with the dependent property, is called. More specifically, the system and method provide a dependency mechanism for expressing the relationship between the properties in a formal manner. This relationship may either be applied globally or locally. Using the dependency mechanism, the property system can monitor relationships between properties and can detect circularities between the different properties during runtime. The system and method also provides an evaluation mechanism for computing a value for any of the properties. Because the property system is on-demand, the value need not be stored in local storage. The dependency mechanism and the evaluation mechanism are extensible, which allows the property system to model any type of relationship, such as a direct relationship, inheritance, reverse inheritance, property sheets, encapsulation, and the like. These and other aspects of the present invention will become apparent after reading the following detailed description. [0019] With reference to FIG. 1, one exemplary system for implementing the invention includes a computing device, such as computing device 100. In a very basic configuration, computing device 100 typically includes at least one processing unit 102 and system memory 104. Depending on the exact configuration and type of computing device, system memory 104 may be volatile (such as RAM), non-volatile (such as ROM, flash memory, etc.) or some combination of the two. System memory 104 typically includes an operating system 105, one or more program modules 106, and may include program data 107. Examples of program modules 106 include Visual Studio IntelliSense from Microsoft Corporation of Redmond, Wash., and other software programming environments, which utilize object libraries. In addition, program modules 106 include software applications created using a software-programming environment. When these software applications execute on processing unit 102, a property engine processes the software application in accordance with the present invention. The property engine may be part of operating system 105 or may be another program module 106. This basic configuration of computing device 100 is illustrated in FIG. 1 by those components within dashed line 108. [0020] Computing device 100 may have additional features or functionality. For example, computing device 100 may also include additional data storage devices (removable and/or non-removable) such as, for example, magnetic disks, optical disks, or tape. Such additional storage is illustrated in FIG. 1 by removable storage 109 and non-removable storage 110. Computer storage media may include volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information, such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. System memory 104, removable storage 109 and non-removable storage 110 are all examples of computer storage media. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can be accessed by computing device 100. Any such computer storage media may be part of device 100. Computing device 100 may also have input device(s) 112 such as keyboard, mouse, pen, voice input device, touch input device, etc. Output device(s) 114 such as a display, speakers, printer, etc. may also be included. These devices are well know in the art and need not be discussed at length here. [0021] Computing device 100 may also contain communication connections 116 that allow the device to communicate with other computing devices 118, such as over a network. Communication connections 116 is one example of communication media. Communication media may typically be embodied by computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal, such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and includes any information delivery media. The term �modulated data signal� means a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed in such a manner as to encode information in the signal. By way of example, and not limitation, communication media includes wired media such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media. The term computer readable media as used herein includes both storage media and communication media. [0022]FIG. 2 is a graphical representation of property relationships that will be used in describing one illustrative implementation of the property system in accordance with the present invention. The property relationships include a direct relationship 210 and an inheritance relationship 220. In overview, a property change in the direct relationship 210 will ultimately affect properties within the inheritance relationship 220. While the property relationships modeled in FIG. 2 represent direct relationships and inheritance relationships between properties, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the property system of the present invention may be used to model other relationships, such as reverse inheritance, data binding, encapsulation, property sheets, and the like. Therefore, the relationships modeled in FIG. 2 are shown as non-limiting examples of the capabilities of the present invention. [0023] Direct relationship 210 includes two nodes 212 and 214. For the purposes of the following discussion, a node refers to an object that exposes two common interfaces to the property engine for operating on a property. Briefly, described in detail later in conjunction with FIG. 4, the two common interfaces include a query function and a set function. Node 212 includes a Property1 216, such as a Pressed property on a button. Node 214 includes a Property2 218, such as a Color property for a background of a button. As explained earlier, conventional property systems implement a listener function that would monitor Property1 216, and when Property1 216 changes, the conventional property systems update Property2 218, accordingly. [0024] However, in contrast, the property system of the present invention models the relationship between Property1 216 and Property2 218. For this relationship, node 212 is designated as a source for node 214. Node 214 is designated as a dependent. In general, a source represents a node that affects another node. A dependent represents a node that is affected by another node. In the above-illustrated example, any object within an application may use one of the common interfaces for operating on Property2 218. Briefly, a getValue( ) method and a setValue( ) method, described in detail later in conjunction with FIGS. 5 and 6, respectively, insure that a common interface is provided by all nodes. This common interface allows the property engine and any object the ability to access a desired property using the common interface. For example, the query (i.e., getValue) will ultimately obtain a relevant value from one of its sources. In the direct relationship 210 illustrated in FIG. 2, this source is node 212. Thus, the desired operation is performed on-demand without needing local storage for Property2 218 within node 214. [0025] Inheritance relationship 220 includes a plurality of nodes 222-230. The nodes are structured in a conventional hierarchical manner for inheriting, with the exception that the properties in leaf nodes (e.g., nodes 224-230) do not necessarily have local storage for their inherited property, inherited Property2 234-240, respectively. Rather, in accordance with the present invention, the two common interfaces for querying and setting a value for these properties 234-240 are used to operate on the properties on demand. [0026] One will note that node 214 in the direct relationship 210 and node 222 in the inheritance relationship 220 are actually the same node. This node was illustrated separately just for convenience in describing two types of relationships that the present invention can model. However, because node 214 and node 222 are actually the same, any object within an application may use one of the common interfaces for operating on a child property (e.g., Property2 240), such as querying for a value. This query will ultimately obtain a value from one of the nodes. The node from which the value is obtained may be a direct source or may be an indirect source that was derived indirectly from the direct source (i.e., node 226) of node 230. One skilled in the art will appreciate that even though some nodes (e.g., node 226) are label as a dependent in relation to node 222, the same node may be a source in relation to another node. For example, node 226 is a source for dependent node 230. All these dependency relationships are individually modeled. [0027] One skilled in the art will appreciate that one node may have several sources and may itself be a source for multiple nodes. Each of these relationships is modeled in accordance with the present invention. However, once the relationships have been modeled, if changes are made to one of the sources, such as adding another source to that source, the original node does not need to be modified. Instead, in accordance with the present invention, the original node is almost unaware of these changes and the property engine performs the necessary underlying mechanism to affect the change. This provides a great advantage to developers. [0028] Having described in overview fashion the operation of the property system when modeling a direct relationship and an inheritance relationship, the underlying mechanisms will now be described. In general, the property system provides a dependency mechanism (e.g., a reportDependent method) for describing these relationships between properties so that the property engine can be aware of changes to one property that will affect other properties. In addition, the property system provides an evaluation mechanism (e.g., an evaluate method) for evaluating the property that is being operated upon. In one embodiment of the present invention, both of these mechanisms are provided through a class (e.g., an Expression class). [0029]FIG. 3 is a graphical representation of an exemplary Expression class. The Expression class includes a constructor 302, an evaluate method 304, a reportDependent method 306, and a setValue method 308. In addition, the Expression class may include an external reportDependent method 310 for when a source is external, such as a database field. The constructor 302 takes a source parameter 303 for specifying the sources for the dependent property for which the constructor 302 is creating an expression object. This expression class 400 thus provides the dependency mechanism through the reportDependent method 306 and provides the evaluation mechanism through the Evaluate method 304. A developer will override the reportDependent method 306 and Evaluate method 304 for each parameter that is registered. One will note that the evaluate method 304, the reportDependent method 306, and the setValue method 308 each have at least two parameters, one designates a node and the other one designates a property via the propertyID. [0030] Continuing with the inheritance relationship in FIG. 2, one exemplary Evaluate method 304 may be as follows:
[0031] This overridden Evaluate method 304 thus attempts to return a value from the parent of the object that was passed in as a parameter. The node and propertyID associated with the dependent that is being evaluated are passed in as parameters. The value is then computed from its sources. In the above inheritance example, its sources include the parent. However, because the parent is also modeled and has an overridden evaluate method, the evaluation process may proceed up the tree to other sources until finally a value is returned. In FIG. 2, this will occur when a getValue is performed on node 212. One skilled in the art will appreciate that a developer is responsible for determining the search path for obtaining a value. For example, in the above inheritance example, the evaluation method associated with node 222 may have provided a default value. Therefore, one will appreciate that the expression class allows the evaluate mechanism to be quite extensible in determining where to obtain a value and in which sequence to search. [0032] The reportDependent method 306 is also overridden by the developer in order to designate to the property system the formal dependency relationships. Briefly, described in detail in conjunction with flow diagrams in FIGS. 6 and 7, the reportDependent method 306 is responsible for invalidating each dependent that has a source that changed. If one of the dependents is a source, then the reportDependent method for that source is invoked to invalidate its dependents. Thus, the reportDependent process continues recursively until all the relationships affected by the change have been invalidated. In one embodiment, the dependents are marked invalid by an interface provided by the property engine (e.g., Node.MarkDependent(PropertyID)). The following in an exemplary overridden reportDependent method 306 for the inheritance relationship described in FIG. 2:
[0033] Thus, in this exemplary overridden reportDependent method 306, the Property2 on every child is invalidated. In addition, if a node's parent property changes, then every inherited property on every child must be marked as invalid. In a further refinement of the invention, in one embodiment, a special invalidate method is provided that invalidates several properties at once. [0034] As mentioned above, in order for the property system to provide this formal dependency, specific common APIs are made available at each node. These common APIs allow the property engine and any object the ability to access a desired property using the common interface (e.g., API). [0035]FIG. 4 is a graphical representation of a programming model 400 that provides specific common interfaces to the nodes in accordance with the present invention. For the following discussion, the term object is used to refer to an instance of a class. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that for each object, there is a class from which the object is instantiated. Also, an object may have functionality derived from multiple classes. The programming model 400 provides a node class 402. The property engine knows about the node class 402. The node class 402 includes a setValue( ) method 406 and a getValue( ) method 408. The setValue( ) method 406 and the getValue( ) method 408 represent the common interfaces provided by each node. A developer object 404 inherits functionality provided by the node class 402 (i.e., setValue( ) method 406 and getValue( ) method 408). The developer object 404 may include one or more properties (e.g., Property1 and Property2). Within the developer object 404, instructions are written to register each of the one or more properties using a registerProperty call (e.g., registerProperty call 410 and 412). [0036] The registerProperty method 422 is provided by a property manager 420 within the property engine. The property manager 420 manages the properties (e.g., Property1 and Property2) that are registered and pertinent information regarding the registered properties is stored in a property information store 430. The property information store 420 resides in memory within computer system 100 shown in FIG. 1. Alternatively, portions of property information store 420 may be cached, may be stored on a storage medium, and the like. The property information store 420 includes a property entry (e.g., property entry 432 and 434) for each property that is registered. In accordance with the present invention, the property entry 434 includes a property identifier field 436 and an expression field 438. In addition, the property entry 434 may include other fields related to the registered property, such as a name field, a type field, a default value field, and the like. The default value field stores a default value for the property. This default value is used if the expression can not compute a value from a source. [0037] The property entry 434 stores a unique property identifier in the property identifier field 436 for each property that is registered. In one embodiment, the unique property identifier is generated by RegisterProperty( ). The expression field 438 stores a derived expression object associated with the unique property identifier. This derived expression object is obtained from an expression parameter 440 in the register property call (e.g., register property call 410 and 412). As described above, the derived expression object includes an overridden evaluates method and an overridden reportDependent( ) method. Thus, once each property is registered, the dependency mechanism and the evaluate mechanism are globally available through the derived expression object associated with the registered property. In another embodiment, the global expression may be overridden with a local expression. The local expression is provided by an expression that knows about local values. These local expressions use a readLocalValue provided by the property engine in the node class to retrieve a local value. Thus, the local expression allows values that are stored locally on the node to be retrieved. [0038] One skilled in the art will appreciate that the node class 402 also provides additional methods that are used internally, such as readLocalValue( ) method (not shown) and a writeLocalValue( ) method (not shown). In one embodiment, the readLocalValue( ) method is used by the local expression as mentioned above. The local expression is indirectly called by getValue. The writeLocalValue( ) is used by the setValue( ) method 406. One skilled in the art will further appreciate that an expression may contain other expression in which the �parent� expression calls the evaluate( ) method associated with a �child� expression. �Child� expressions are referred to as indirect sources on the parent expression. . [0039]FIG. 5 is a logical flow diagram illustrating an exemplary getValue process for retrieving a value for a registered property in accordance with the present invention. Processing begins at block 501, where the query has been initiated for a property (hereinafter referred to as the interested property). Processing continues at block 502. [0040] At block 502, the process checks the cache to determine whether a value for the interested property has been previously cached. Typically, interested properties are cached in order to optimize retrieval. Processing continues to decision block 504. [0041] At decision block 504, a determination is made whether the interested property has previously been cached. If the interested property has been previously cached, the process uses the cached value and continues at block 512. Alternatively, the process continues at block 506. [0042] At block 506, the process evaluates an expression for the interested property. As described above, the expression may be a global expression that has been registered or a local expression that has overwritten the global expression for the current node. A local expression may overwrite the global expression as long as the global expression understands local values and evaluates an expression if an expression is stored locally. These expressions may involve searching various sources, such as property sheets, database fields, and the like. The developer may also prioritize the order in which source is searched by modifying the evaluation method, accordingly. Once one of the sources has a value, the expression stops evaluating. However, each source that is a dependent will also have its sources searched during the getValue process 500. Processing continues at decision block 508. [0043] At decision block 508, a determination is made whether the expression process was successful in computing a value. If the expression process was successful, the value that was retrieved is returned and the process proceeds to block 512. Alternatively, if the expression process was not successful, processing continues at block 510. [0044] At block 510, a default value is retrieved for the interested property. The default value is stored in the property information when the interested property is registered. The default value is passed as a parameter in the registerProperty call. Processing continues at block 512. [0045] At block 512, the application may calculate a weight metric based on the stage of the expression at which the value was received, a number of hops that were taken in resolving the value, or the like. The weight metric is stored and is used to make educated decisions on which interested properties to cache in order to optimize future retrievals. The weight metric is based on the number of hops that were necessary when retrieving the value. A hop refers to each getValue( ) method that was called. Processing then ends. [0046]FIG. 6 is a logical flow diagram illustrating a set value process for setting a value for a registered property in accordance with the present invention. The process begins at block 601, where an application is executing and a property has been registered. Processing continues at block 602. [0047] At block 602, the application calls a setValue( ) for an interested property. As mentioned earlier, each object derives from the node class that provides the common interfaces (e.g., getValue( ) and setValue( )). Processing continues at decision block 604. [0048] At decision block 604, a determination is made whether the expression handled the storing of the value itself. This allows the expression to store the value in another location rather than in local storage on the node. For example, if the expression is modeling databinding, the value that needs to be set resides externally in a database. Therefore, once the expression sets the value externally in the database, blocks 606 and 608 are circumvented and the expression tells setValue that the storing of the value was handled. Thus, if the expression handles the actual storing of the value, processing continues to the end. Otherwise, processing continues to block 606. [0049] At block 606, the new value that was provided in the setValue( ) call as a parameter is stored locally on the object associated with the property identifier that was also passed as a parameter in the setValue( ) call. Because objects do not typically have storage for their properties locally within the object, dynamic storage may be allocated in order to store the new value. Processing continues to block 608. [0050] At block 608, a notify dependents process is initiated. Briefly, described later in detail in conjunction with FIG. 7, the notify dependents uses the dependency mechanism to invalid each dependent for which the interested property was a source. As described above, this invalidation is recursive in nature until there are no more direct or indirect dependents that are affected by the change to the interested property. Processing is then complete. [0051]FIG. 7 is a logical flow diagram illustrating an exemplary reporting process suitable for use in the set value process in FIG. 6. Processing begins at block 701, where a value for a source has already changed. Processing continues at block 702. [0052] At block 702, change notifications are queued. If change notifications are enabled for a particular property on a particular node, the current value is always cached. This represents the old value that is used in the change notification. Thus, before the cache is erased, the old value is stored in the change notification. Then, the new value is computed and re-cached. After that, the notification is ready to be fired. Processing continues at block 706. [0053] At block 706, the cache is cleared with respect to the interested property. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that for certain interested properties, the cache maintained in the property engine may not contain a value for the interested property. Therefore, an expression will not inadvertently retrieve a wrong value for the interested property from the cache. Processing continues at block 708. [0054] At block 708, the dependent providers are invoked. These dependent providers are expressions (i.e., reportDependents). Because the markDependent process may be �marking� a dependent that has other dependents of its own, the reportDependent method for each of these other dependents in invoked. When each of the reportDependent methods of these other dependents is invoked, a new markDependent process begins. Thus, each markDependent process is processing on a different dependent. During this process, the property engine maintains a list of properties which have been invalidated, if one of the properties appears twice, the property engine recognizes that the dependency relationships associated with this source are circular. Therefore, the property engine will break the circularity. This is another advantage over conventional property systems. Processing is then complete and proceeds to the return. [0055] The above specification, examples and data provide a complete description of the manufacture and use of the composition of the invention. Since many embodiments of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, the invention resides in the claims hereinafter appended. [0056] The following illustrates the extensible nature of the invention. The example (i.e., DBBindExpression), illustrates two-way binding in which a value for an external database field is set and retrieved.
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This vibrant and delicious Pomegranate Cosmopolitan made with vodka and Grand Marnier is easy to make and will be the talk of any holiday party.
This vanilla cranberry cream dessert is served in individual shot glasses and perfect for Christmas, New Year's or Valentine's Day.
A refreshing party drink, these Pomegranate and Orange Coolers can be highly customized and taste delicious.
No-Bake Candy Cane Mint Brownies
White winter wonderland cupcakes flavored with Prosecco. A great little dessert for New Year's Eve!
The best (and most basic) chocolate chip cookies for Santa! They're golden and crispy on the outside and perfectly gooey centers.
Christmas Sangria - easy festive holiday cocktail made with red wine, brandy, fruit and spices to sip in a cold winter night
Cranberry and Vodka with a twist! Great drink for the holidays
Pomegranate moscow mules for ringing in the new year.
A baked Gingerbread Oatmeal recipe with walnuts, spices and fresh cranberries, generously topped with bourbon sauce.
Only 3 ingredients are in this champagne punch bellini - champagne, sorbet, and fruit. Pretty and perfect for any celebration!
Here's some cheese buying advice and inspiration for creating the Ultimate Cheese Platter. Lots of photos!
Bring in the New Year with these Cinnamon and Cranberry Bourbon Spritzers: loaded with spice and cranberry freshness.
The easiest festive cocktail that will turn any less-than-perfect sparkling wine into a totally celebratory drink. Raspberry Sparklers!
A delicious holiday recipe for Bourbon Milk Punch made with bourbon whiskey, half-and-half, honey syrup and nutmeg.
If you're looking for a fabulous party cocktail made with champagne and is easy to make for a crowd, this Citrus Celebration Cocktail is the perfect choice!
Rich, creamy and silky these spiced duck rillettes are an affordable luxury. Makes enough to enjoy and share with friends.
Mocktail Champagne Shots
Poached Pear Brie with Almonds | Appetizers with Black and White Food for New Year's Eve Party | Great Party Ideas!
St Germain-Champagne French Cocktail. Sure to make any occasion worth celebrating! {recipe}
White Bean & Corn Veggie Burgers that will blow your MIND & keep your waist in check! Super moist & juicy! You will LOVE these! {recipe}
These spiced nuts are an easy way to start off the holiday celebrations. Serve with cocktails before the big meal! {recipe}
Brussels Sprouts Crostini is a great appetizer for Christmas or New Year's Eve. {recipe}
Coconut Snickerdoodletini, a fun cocktail drink and twist on Snickerdoodle cookies!
Melting Snowflakes Cookies - delicate almond and vanilla flavored shortbread cookies that simply melt in your mouth
Orange green tea punch - serve it as a mocktail or with some brandy!
Celebrate the New Year with this beautiful, delicious, and easy to make Lapostolle Champagne Cocktail with a splash of Grand Marnier.
A gorgeous and delicious Healthy Holiday menu (vegetarian and can be made vegan) to keep you on top during the holidays and beyond
Russian Recipe: Chicken Liver Pâté With Red Wine & Cranberry Jelly
Your holiday dinner needs juicy, tender, flavorful prime rib. Slathering it with mustard, garlic and coarse peppercorns is just that much better!
Country ham and a smear of apricot butter are tucked between the layers of these heavenly buttermilk biscuits. Irresistible! {recipe}
Red Velvet Crinkle Cookies, beetroot and chocolate flavored soft and chewy cookies
German Onion Soup with Morel Cheese Triangles {recipe} | Fun appetizers with black and white food for a holiday party!
This Christmas, try my gorgeous Sunny-Side-Up Pork Chops with my favourite Spicy Strawberry-Citrus Chutney. Simply divine!


text:
Dictionary » G » Gelatinization GelatinizationGelatinization conversion into gelatin or a substance resembling it. Please contribute to this project, if you have more information about this term feel free to edit this page
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Main section
Guardian review
RSS- Critical eye: Sep 21
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- Watch the watchmen, says Umberto Eco
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text:
Im a student at Southwestern Oklahoma State University with a major
in criminal justice. I love doing things outside and I spend a lot
of time with my friends. I love my family and my friends a whole
lot. I am a christian and I love Jesus soooo much! I play trumpet
and am a lot of fun to hang around. I love to laugh and make people
laugh and keep everyone smiling.
Join OkCupid
Find better matches with our advanced
matching system
—% Match
—% Enemy
25 • Weatherford, OK • Woman
I'm looking for
- Men
- Ages 18–32
- Near me
- For new friends, long-term dating, short-term dating
My Details
- Last Online
- Sep 21, 2013
- Orientation
- Straight
- Ethnicity
- White
- Height
- 5′ 4″ (1.63m)
- Body Type
- Curvy
- Diet
- Anything
- Smokes
- No
- Drinks
- Socially
- Drugs
- Never
- Religion
- Christianity, and very serious about it
- Sign
- Cancer, but it doesn't matter
- Education
- Working on university
- Job
- Student
- Income
- Less than $20,000
- Status
- Single
- Type
- —
- Offspring
- Doesn't have kids, but wants them
- Pets
- Has dogs and dislikes cats
- Speaks
- English
Similar Users
What I'm doing with my life
Don't overthink this one; tell us what you're doing day-to-day.
I plan to graduate from Southwestern within the next year or year
and a half with a degree in criminal justice and then possibly go
back to school to get a degree in funeral home management.
I'm really good at
Go on, brag a little (or a lot). We won't judge.
I'm really good at making people laugh and smile. I would like to
think Im a great trumpet player but I dont want to brag. Im really
good at bowling and just playing a pick up game of softball or any
The first things people usually notice about me
I'm an empty essay… fill me out!
My smile is definitely the first thing people see because they see
it a lot. Im generally really happy and love life and I have a
passion to make others feel just as happy and smile just as much as
I do. Im a huge giver. I dont really ask for much but I love
helping people.
Favorite books, movies, shows, music, and food
Help your potential matches find common interests.
Favorite book: My bible
Favorite movie: Anything that will make me laugh or that has a lot of action and adrenaline.
Favorite show: NCIS or One Tree Hill
Music: I'll listen to just about anything
Favorite food: Dads hot wings or spaghetti or mexican food.
Favorite movie: Anything that will make me laugh or that has a lot of action and adrenaline.
Favorite show: NCIS or One Tree Hill
Music: I'll listen to just about anything
Favorite food: Dads hot wings or spaghetti or mexican food.
The six things I could never do without
Think outside the box. Sometimes the little things can say a lot.
My family
My friends
My phone
My laptop
My music
My family
My friends
My phone
My laptop
My music
I spend a lot of time thinking about
Global warming, lunch, or your next vacation… it's all fair game.
Where I want to go in my life and what its going to take for me to
get there. I'm very determined to make things happen. I spend a lot
of time thinking about how I can better myself as a person, friend,
and a follower of Jesus Christ.
On a typical Friday night I am
Netflix and takeout, or getting your party on — how do you let loose?
Hanging out with friends or watching movies or just out having a
good time.
The most private thing I'm willing to admit
I'm an empty essay… fill me out!
Occasionally I dont have a filter.


text:
Residential Real Estate Industry-related trends and announcements exclusive to residential real estate are presented. Stories in this section will focus on domestic real estate markets, highlighted by economic impacts, geographic hotspots, and mortgage/interest rate concerns.
Mar 03, 2015
- McCann Realty Partners and Guggenheim Real Estate Acquire 352-Home The Retreat at Johns Creek Apartments in Atlanta, GA
- McCann Realty Partners, LLC ("McCann" or "MRP") and its equity partner, Guggenheim Real Estate, announced the acquisition of The Retreat at...
Mar 03, 2015
- Get a Caffeine Buzz with Coffee for a Cause
- There is nothing like a hot cup of coffee when you wake up in the morning and MC Companies residential apartment brand MC Life is helping residents...
Mar 03, 2015
- Concierge Auctions Closes On The Successful Sale Of The Blue Sky Lodge In Vail, Colorado
- New York-based luxury real estate auction firm Concierge Auctions is pleased to announce its sale of the Blue Sky Lodge, a premier mountain...
Mar 03, 2015
- RCO Legal, P.S. Celebrates Janaya Carter's Commitment to Leadership; Appoints Carter as Managing Shareholder
- RCO Legal, P.S today announced that Janaya Carter was named Managing Shareholder. The appointment comes as the Bellevue, Washington-based mortgage...
Mar 03, 2015
- Mortgage and Valuation Fraud: Prevention Tips from the Appraisal Institute of Canada
- OTTAWA, March 3, 2015 /CNW/ - March is Fraud Prevention Month and the Appraisal Institute of Canada (AIC) would like to remind Canadian consumers,...
Mar 03, 2015
- New Jersey's Leading Luxury Real Estate Brokerage Advances Digitally with DocuSign
- Prominent Properties Sotheby's International Realty, New Jersey's leading luxury real estate agency and franchisee of Sotheby's International...
Mar 03, 2015
- Associated Estates Acquires Newly Constructed Class A+ Apartment Community in the Perimeter Submarket of Atlanta, Georgia
- Associated Estates Realty Corporation (NYSE, NASDAQ: AEC) today announced the acquisition of 1160 Hammond, a luxury...
Mar 03, 2015
- CoreLogic Reports Home Prices Rose by 5.7 Percent Year Over Year in January 2015
- CoreLogic® (NYSE: CLGX), a leading global property information, analytics and data-enabled services provider, today released its January...
Mar 02, 2015
- Ocean View Apartments Purchased for Redevelopment in Santa Monica
- Optimus Properties, LLC has completed the $15.56 million purchase of a 25 unit apartment complex located at 615-617 Ocean Avenue in Santa Monica as...
Mar 02, 2015
- King of Condos Inc. Launches its New Luxury High-Rise Division, The Graff Luxury Team
- King of Condos Inc., a high-rise condo broker, announced the launch of its new Las Vegas high-rise division, the Graff Luxury Team. Led by...
Mar 02, 2015
- 6,000 RE/MAX Agents Celebrate Year of Success
- RE/MAX (NYSE:RMAX), the global real estate franchisor, is holding its annual R4 international convention this week at the Mandalay Bay Resort...
Mar 02, 2015
- Transwestern Hires David Weglarz To Launch Multifamily Investment Services In The Bay Area
- Transwestern today announces the addition of David Weglarz, the first specialist in the firm's newly launched Multifamily Investment Services...
Mar 02, 2015
Texas continúa liderando en EE. UU. en términos de crecimiento del ingreso familiar, ventas de viviendas nuevas
- Texas continúa liderando a nivel nacional en crecimiento del ingreso familiar medio y ventas de nuevas viviendas, según el Informe de...
Mar 02, 2015
- Gilbane Development Company of Providence, Rhode Island, developer of San Juan Passage in Anacortes, Washington Receives Best Of Houzz 2015 Award
- Gilbane Development Company of Providence, Rhode Island has been awarded "Best Of Houzz" for Design by Houzz, the leading platform for home...
Mar 02, 2015
- Maracay Homes Launches New Lending Service, TRI Pointe Connect, In Arizona
- Maracay Homes announced today the launch of TRI Pointe Connect as its in-house mortgage originator, making Arizona one of the first two states in...
Mar 02, 2015
- Majority of Realtors® Feel Safe on the Job, According to New Survey
- A new survey from the National Association of Realtors® found 96 percent of Realtors® have never been the victim of crime, but 40...
Mar 02, 2015
- Florida Realtors®: Affordable Housing, Water Among Top 2015 Legislative Issues
- As lawmakers kick off the 2015 Florida Legislature tomorrow, Realtors® from across the state are in Tallahassee, ready to address major...
Mar 02, 2015
- Mortgage Contracting Services Names Greg Smith Assistant Vice President of Compliance
- Mortgage Contracting Services, LLC (MCS), a nationwide provider of property preservation, inspections, REO property maintenance and valuations...
Mar 02, 2015
- RealtyJuggler Real Estate Software Upgraded With a New eCard Library
- Today RealOrganized, Inc. announced the addition of an eCard library to RealtyJuggler Real Estate Software. Agents can send an animated...
Mar 02, 2015
Texas continues to outpace U.S. in household income growth, new home sales
- Texas continues to be a national leader in median household income growth and new home sales, according to the 2015 Texas Homebuyers and Sellers...
Jump to news releases
Mar 02, 2015, 08:47 ET HarperCollins Publishers Announces Two-Book Deal With Veronica Roth
Mar 01, 2015, 03:00 ET New IKEA Collection Blends Style with Qi Wireless Charging Functionality
Mar 02, 2015, 03:00 ET Madonna's 35 City 'Rebel Heart' Tour Announced For North America and Europe
Feb 26, 2015, 06:00 ET Entrepreneur® Partners with Professional Education Institute to Offer Business Education Event and Coaching Opportunities
Feb 25, 2015, 12:28 ET ABC Supply Launches ABC Connect, Helps Contractors Manage Their Business On the Go
Feb 19, 2015, 09:00 ET Wineries Increase Sales When Promoting Their Use of Cork


text:
Check out our guidelines and learn how to create your own!
Ko Mak
Ko Mak is an island in Trat Province, Eastern Thailand. It is fairly undeveloped, natural and local. Understand[edit]Get in[edit]From the Ko Mak pier in Laem Ngop (Trat)[edit]Leelawadee Speedboats [1] and Panan Speedboats [2] provide daily speedboat service to Ko Mak, with the last boat leaving for Ko Mak at 16:00. Leelawadee provides service to the Makathanee pier on Ko Mak's south shore, while Panan provides service to the Ko Mak Resort pier on Ko Mak's north shore.
From the Laem Sok pier (Trat)[edit]CP Laem Sok group [3] provides daily service to Ko Mak's largest pier at Ao Nid, before continuing on to Ko Kut. There was also a once-daily catamaran service between Laem Sok and Ao Nid [4], which has now been postponed. Boonsiri High Speed Catamaran [5] or Koh Kood FantaseaCatamaran [6] . These two are the same, just different calling. (starting on 15 November 2013) 600 THB per person one way or 1200 baht per person incl. bus transfer from Bangkok. Pick up point in Bangkok is Khao Sarn Road and Shell Gas Station in Bang Na, at 7-8am. Sailing time between 50-60 Minutes. Departures at 2pm. daily from Laem Sok to Koh Mak(Ao Nid Pier) and Koh Kood(Bang Bao Beach), also during low season. free taxi from Trat to the pier in Laem Sok. From Ko Chang[edit]during the high season there is a twice daily speedboat transfer from Kai Bae beach at 09:00 and 11:00 to the Makathanee pier on Ko Mak. First boat is a sure bet, the 2nd only if there are enough passengers. In the low season this service won't run.[7] On the south end of Ko Chang you can catch either a speedboat or slower wooden boat from Bang Bao. From Ko Kut[edit]There is 2 boat service. One is once-daily catamaran boat service (Boonsiri High Speed Catamaran [8]) running from Bang Bao Beach at 11:30, arriving at Koh Mak(Ao Nid Pier) about 30 minutes later. Other one is twice-daily speedboat service running from most resorts that own private piers at 09:30 and 12:00, arriving at Ko Mak about 45 minutes later. These boats typically continue to Ko Chang or the mainland after docking at the Makathanee pier, Ao Nid or Ko Mak pier. Get around[edit]Ko Mak has 27 km coastline, many long sand beaches, a few hills and it is about 16 km² in area. On low tide, it is possible to walk to Ko Kham ( privately own ), which is a smaller island less than 1 km northwest from Ko Mak. Ko Phi, also north west from Ko Mak but southwest from Ko Kham, is not occupied. For exploring the island, scooters and bicycles are available for rent at numerous locations, and most beaches and restaurants are within easy walking distance. See[edit][add listing]Do[edit][add listing]
Buy[edit][add listing]Eat[edit][add listing]Drink[edit][add listing]Sleep[edit][add listing]Makathanee Resort [12], +66-(0)878-02757. Has beach front bungalows, pool & sea view hotel rooms at one of the best beaches on the island. Plub Pla Koh Mak Retreat [13]. Private sea view villas at a secluded location. Good Time Resort [14]. +66-(0)39-501000. Thai-style resort with pool, spa and tropical gardens. Thaidaho Vista Resort +66-(0)87.548.2665; email: firstname.lastname@example.com. Non-Smoking Boutique Guest house (only 5 rooms) with spectacular ocean views and tropical garden. AoPong Resort www.aopong.com; +66907807867; http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FaheLS5rHO4 ; quiet resort on the private beach with 7 seaview bungalows and restaurant on the beach.
Contact[edit]Get out[edit]There are daily speedboats from Ko Mak to the mainland, Ko Chang and Ko Kut; slow wooden boats to Ko Chang and the mainland; and daily catamaran service to the mainland.


text:
Does the Mighty Mouse LED project a mouse?
This one
is a bit weird, so bear with us. It seems that Flickr user
Dan Bowels noticed that the light on the underside of his Mighty Mouse produces what (kind of) looks like a mouse's
head on the surface of his desk. Has he stumbled upon an ultra-rare hardware easter egg, or is this just an optical
illusion? You decide. We're a little more than skeptical, but if you can replicate the image of the little red mouse
face with your own Mighty Mouse, we'd love to see it.
[Via Infinite Loop]
[Via Infinite Loop]
Software Updates
more updates- Apple Remote Desktop updated with Yosemite support
- OS X Yosemite 10.10.2, iOS 8.1.3 updates now available
- Sports Illustrated 120 SPORTS channel comes to Apple TV
- Logic Pro X update brings AirDrop support, new effects, tools, and more
- Parallels Access 2.5 released, adds file manager, computer-to-computer remote access
- The Google Translate iOS app is about to get a lot smarter


text:
Limnological and Climatic Environments at Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon during the past 45 000 years
- J. Platt Bradbury,
- Steven M. Colman,
- Walter E. Dean
- … show all 3 hide
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Upper Klamath Lake, in south-central Oregon, contains long sediment records with well-preserved diatoms and lithological variations that reflect climate-induced limnological changes. These sediment archives complement and extend high resolution terrestrial records along a north–south transect that includes areas influenced by the Aleutian Low and Subtropical High, which control both marine and continental climates in the western United States. The longest and oldest core collected in this study came from the southwest margin of the lake at Caledonia Marsh, and was dated by radiocarbon and tephrochronology to an age of about 45 ka. Paleolimnological interpretations of this core, based upon geochemical and diatom analyses, have been augmented by data from a short core collected from open water environments at nearby Howards Bay and from a 9-m core extending to 15 ka raised from the center of the northwestern part of Upper Klamath Lake. Pre- and full-glacial intervals of the Caledonia Marsh core are characterized and dominated by lithic detrital material. Planktic diatom taxa characteristic of cold-water habitats (Aulacoseira subarctica and A. islandica) alternate with warm-water planktic diatoms (A. ambigua) between 45 and 23 ka, documenting climate changes at millennial scales during oxygen isotope stage (OIS) 3. The full-glacial interval contains mostly cold-water planktic, benthic, and reworked Pliocene lacustrine diatoms (from the surrounding Yonna Formation) that document shallow water conditions in a cold, windy environment. After 15 ka, diatom productivity increased. Organic carbon and biogenic silica became significant sediment components and diatoms that live in the lake today, indicative of warm, eutrophic water, became prominent. Lake levels fell during the mid-Holocene and marsh environments extended over the core site. This interval is characterized by high levels of organic carbon from emergent aquatic vegetation (Scirpus) and by the Mazama ash (7.55 ka), generated by the eruption that created nearby Crater Lake. For a brief time the ash increased the salinity of Upper Klamath Lake. High concentrations of molybdenum, arsenic, and vanadium indicate that Caledonia Marsh was anoxic from about 7 to 5 ka. After the mid-Holocene, shallow, but open-water environments returned to the core site. The sediments became dominated (>80%) by biogenic silica. The open-water cores show analogous but less extreme limnological and climatic changes more typical of mid-lake environments. Millennial-scale lake and climate changes during OIS 3 at Upper Klamath Lake contrast with a similar record of variation at Owens Lake, about 750 km south. When Upper Klamath Lake experienced cold-climate episodes during OIS 3, Owens Lake had warm but wet episodes; the reverse occurred during warmer intervals at Upper Klamath Lake. Such climatic alternations apparently reflect the variable position and strength of the Aleutian Low during the mid-Wisconsin.
- Adam D.P., Bradbury J.P., Dean W.E. and Sarna-Wojcicki A.M. 1995. US Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-34, 92 pp.
- Barnosky C.W., Anderson P.M. and Bartlein P.J. 1987. The northwestern US during deglaciation; vegetational history and paleoclimatic implications. In: Ruddiman W.F. and Wright H.E. Jr. (eds), North America and the Adjacent Oceans During the Last Deglaciation, v. K-3, The Geology of North America. Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colorado, pp. 289–321.
- Battarbee R.B. 1973. A new method for the estimation of absolute microfossil numbers, with reference especially to diatoms. Limnol. Oceanogr. 18: 647–653.
- Bortleson G.C. and Fretwell M.O. 1993. A review of possible causes of nutrient enrichment and decline of endangered sucker populations in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. US Geological Survey Water Resources Investigations Report 93-4087, 24 pp.
- Bradbury J.P. 1991. The late Cenozoic diatom stratigraphy of Tule Lake, Siskiyou County, California. J. Paleolim. 6: 205–255.
- Bradbury J.P. and Forester R.M. 2002. Environment and paleolimnology of Owens Lake, California: a record of climate and hydrology for the past 50,000 years. In: Hershler R., Madsen D.B. and Currey D.R. (eds), Great Basin Aquatic System History. Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences. No. 33, pp. 145–173.
- Bradbury J.P., Colman S.M. and Reynolds R.L. 2004. The history of recent limnologic changes and human impact on Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. J. Paleolim. 31: 151–165 (this issue).
- Charles D.F. 1985. Relationships between surface sediment diatom assemblages and lakewater characteristics in Adirondak lakes. Ecology 66: 994–1011.
- Colman S.M., Bradbury J.P., McGeehin J.P., Holmes C.W., Edginton D. and Sarna-Wojcicki A.M. 2004a. Chronology of sediment deposition in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. J. Paleolim. 31: 139–149 (this issue).
- Colman S.M., Bradbury J.P. and Rosenbaum J.G. 2004b. Paleolimnology and paleoclimate studies in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. J. Paleolim. 31: 129–138 (this issue).
- Colman S.M., Rosenbaum J.G., Reynolds R.L. and Sarna-Wojcicki A.M. 2000. Post-Mazama (7 KA) faulting beneath Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 90: 243–247.
- Cumming B.F. and Smol J.P. 1993. Development of diatom-based salinity models for paleoclimatic research from lakes in British Columbia (Canada). Hydrobiologia 269/270: 179–196.
- Dean W.E. 1974. Determination of carbonate and organic matter in calcareous sediments and sedimentary rocks by loss on ignition: Comparison with other methods. J. Sediment. Petrol. 44: 242–248.
- Dean W.E. 1993. Physical properties, mineralogy, and geochemistry of varved sediments from Elk Lake, Minnesota. In: Bradbury J.P. and Dean W.E. (eds), Elk Lake, Minnesota: Evidence for Rapid Climate Change in the North-Central United States, Geological Society of America, Special Paper 276, pp. 135–157.
- Dean W.E. 1996. Geochemistry of sediments from Tule Lake, California. US Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-257, 36 pp.
- Dean W.E. and Schwalb A. 2002. The lacustrine carbon cycle as illuminated by the waters and sediments of two hydrologically distinct hardwater lakes in northwestern Minnesota. J. Sed. Res. 72: 416–431.
- Engleman E.E., Jackson L.L., Norton D.R. and Fischer A.G. 1985. Determination of carbonate carbon in geological materials by coulometric titration. Chem. Geol. 53: 125–128.
- Fritz S.C., Juggins S. and Battarbee R.W. 1993. Diatom assemblages and ionic characterization of lakes of the northern Great Plains. North America: A tool for reconstructing past salinity and climate fluctuations. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50: 1844–1856.
- Gasse F. 1986. East African diatoms — taxonomy, ecological distribution. Bibliotheca Diatomol. 11: 201
- Gasse F., Talling J.F. and Kilham P. 1983. Diatom assemblages in East Africa: classification, distribution, and ecology. Rev. Hydrobiol. Trop. 16: 3–34.
- Heinrich H. 1988. Origin and consequences of cyclic ice rafting in the northeast Atlantic Ocean during the past 130 000 years. Quater. Res. 29: 142–152.
- Hutchinson G.E. 1975. A Treatise on Limnology, v. III, Wiley, New York, 660 pp.
- Jewson D.E. 1992. Size reduction, reproductive strategy and the life cycle of a centric diatom. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. B 336: 191–213.
- Keen F.P. 1937. Climate cycles in eastern Oregon as indicated by tree rings. Monthly Weather Rev. 65: 175–188.
- Kennett J.P. and Venz K. 1995. Late Quaternary climatically related planktonic foraminiferal assemblage changes: Hole 893A, Santa Barbara Basin, California. In: Kennett J.P., Baldauf J.G. and Lyle M. (eds), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, v. 146(2), pp. 281–293.
- Kilham P., Kilham S.S. and Hecky R.E. 1986. Hypothesized resource relationships among African planktonic diatoms. Limnol. Oceanogr. 31: 1169–1181.
- Kutzbach J.E. and Guetter P.J. 1986. The influence of changing orbital parameters and surface boundary conditions on climate simulations for the past 18 000 years. J. Atm. Sci. 43: 1726–1759.
- Lichte F.E., Golightly D.W. and Lamothe P.J. 1987. Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry. In: Baedecker P.A. (ed.), Methods for Geochemical Analysis, US Geological Surver Bulletin, 1770, pp. B1–B10.
- Mohr J.A., Whitlock C. and Skinner C.N. 2000. Postglacial vegetation and fire history, eastern Klamath Mountains, California, USA. The Holocene 10: 587–601.
- Reynolds R.L., Rosenbaum J.G., Rapp J., Kerwin M.W., Bradbury J.P., Colman S.M. and Adam D.P. 2004. Record of Late Pleistocene glaciation and deglaciation in the southern Cascade Range: I. Petrological evidence from lacustrine sediment in Upper Klamath Lake, southern Oregon. J. Paleolim. 31: 217–233 (this issue).
- Rosenbaum J.G. and Reynolds R.L. 2004. Record of Late Pleistocene glaciation and deglaciation in the southern Cascade Range: II. Flux of glacial flour in a sediment core from Upper Klamath Lake. J. Paleolim. 31: 235–252 (this issue).
- Sandgren C.D. 1988. The ecology of chrysophyte flagellates: Their growth and perennation strategies as freshwater phytoplankton. In: Sandgren C.D. (ed.), Growth and Reproductive Strategies of Freshwater Phytoplankton, Cambridge University Press, London, pp. 9–104.
- Snyder D.T. and Morace J.L. 1997. Nitrogen and phosphorus loading from drained wetlands adjacent to Upper Klamath and Agency Lakes, Oregon. US Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4059, 67 pp.
- Spence D.H.N. 1982. The zonation of plants in freshwater lakes. In: MacFayden A. and Ford E.D. (eds), Advances in Ecological Research, v. 12: Academic Press, New York, pp. 37–125.
- Stoermer E.F., Hakansson H. and Theriot E.C. 1987. Cyclostephanos species newly reported from North America: C. tholifornis sp. nov. and C. costatilimbus comb. nov. Br. Phycol. J. 22: 349–358.
- West G.J. 1993. The late Pleistocene — Holocene pollen record and prehistory of California's north Coast Ranges. In: White G.P.M., Hildebrandt W.R. and M.E., B. (eds), There Grows a Green Tree: Papers in Honor of David A. Fredrickson, Center for Archaeological Research at Davis, Publication 11, Davis, California, pp. 219–236.
- Title
- Limnological and Climatic Environments at Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon during the past 45 000 years
- Journal
Journal of Paleolimnology
Volume 31, Issue 2 , pp 167-188
- Cover Date
- 2004-02-01
- Print ISSN
- 0921-2728
- Online ISSN
- 1573-0417
- Publisher
- Kluwer Academic Publishers
- Additional Links
- Topics
- Keywords
- Diatoms
- Paleoclimate
- Paleolimnology
- Sediment geochemistry
- Upper Klamath Lake
- Industry Sectors
- Authors
- J. Platt Bradbury (1)
- Steven M. Colman (2)
- Walter E. Dean (3)
- Author Affiliations
- 1. 5784 Horseradish Gulch, Golden, CO, 80403, USA
- 2. US Geological Survey, 384 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA, 02543-1598, USA
- 3. US Geological Survey, Box 25046, MS 980, Denver, CO, 80225, USA


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PlantFiles: Tall Bearded Iris
Iris 'Altered States'
Family: Iridaceae (eye-rid-AY-see-ee) (Info) Genus: Iris (EYE-ris) (Info) Cultivar: Altered States Hybridized by Burseen; Year of Registration or Introduction: 1997 3 members have or want this plant for trade. Class: Class: Spacing: Hardiness: Sun Exposure: Danger: Bloom Color: Bloom Time: Foliage: Other details: Soil pH requirements: Patent Information: Propagation Methods: Seed Collecting: Awards (if applicable): | Click thumbnail to view: By mountaineer By Margiempv By laurief By laurief By sjlfinne By Margiempv By Margiempv There are a total of 12 photos. |
1 positive
No neutrals
No negatives
Gardeners' Notes:
This plant has been said to grow in the following regions:
Tucson, Arizona
Derby, Kansas
Manhattan, Kansas
Hebron, Kentucky
Deer River, Minnesota
Robertsville, Missouri
Shepherd, Montana
Lawton, Oklahoma


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Article Preview
Invasive species topic of Minnesota symposium
Published 03/19/2012, Grand Forks Herald
Local and national leaders on the front lines of the fight against Asian carp, Eurasian water milfoil and other aquatic invasive species will gather today and Tuesday in St. Paul.
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The co-production of Florentine Films, Laura Ziskin Pictures, WETA and Ark Media, produced by Ken Burns and directed by Barak Goodman, tells the comprehensive story of cancer, from its first description in an ancient Egyptian scroll to the gleaming laboratories of modern research institutions.
Questions on how to listen to Classical WETA 90.9 FM or VivaLaVoce online? Problems connecting to the stream? Let us help!
Since 2007, photographer Lloyd Wolf and collaborators have been documenting Arlington's Columbia Pike corridor, one of the most ethnically diverse communities in the nation.
Caillou is an inquisitive 4-year-old who's constantly finding exciting new things in the world around him.
Our connection to Washington includes educational efforts that reflect and serve our distinctive region.
For more than 30 years, WETA has proudly partnered with Ken Burns to bring landmark documentaries to the nation via public television.


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"Call Me Maybe" singer is going indie.
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The 50 Most Anticipated Albums of 2015
Yeezy and Macca tipped off something wicked.
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Dev Hynes livened up the holiday by debuting new music.
Julian Casablancas and Blood Orange perform The Strokes' "You Only Live Once" — watch
During Casablancas' homecoming gig at NYC's Hammerstein Ballroom.
Blood Orange makes his TV debut with stunning performance on Kimmel — watch
Dev Hynes greets the late night world with choreographed renditions of "Is It What It Is" and "Time Will Tell".
Stream: Red Hot's star-studded Arthur Russell tribute album
Master Mix: Red Hot + Arthur Russell includes contributions from Sufjan Stevens, Robyn, Hot Chip, Glen Hansard, and Devendra Banhart.
FYF Fest 2014: From Worst to Best
Forget the whining. There was plenty to like about FYF 2014.
Listen: Kindness' new song "World Restart" featuring Kelela
U.K. singer also collaborates with Robyn and Dev Hynes for sophomore LP, Otherness, due out in October.
Lollapalooza 2014: Top 40 Moments + Photos
The festival's 10th installment in Grant Park was muddy, controversial, and loud.
Blood Orange's Dev Hynes allegedly assaulted by Lollapalooza security
Hynes and his girlfriend say they were thrown to the ground and injured.
Watch Lollapalooza's Friday webcast
Stream performances by Arctic Monkeys, Lorde, Lykke Li, CHVRCHES, Interpol, and more.
Lollapalooza reveals 2014 webcast schedule
Arctic Monkeys, Lorde, OutKast, Lykke Li, CHVRCHES, Interpol, and more performances to be streamed online.


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Other projects made by Sew Well Maide:
See All Projects by Sew Well Maide »Offer some kudos...
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Here are some details about my project: | |
Category | Quilting |
Type | Accessory |
What are you most proud of? I love all these fabrics. I was glad to be able to find some more fabrics that rivaled the original birdie fabric for cuteness.
Your fabrics are too cute. I will purchase your pattern asap. I would like to see the whole quilt. But that is probably on the pattern. What is the size of your quilt? I find that if you spray starch your fabric first before cutting, you seem to have a little more success with the bias. Great job, Thanks for sharing.
Thanks sew much. Yes the full photo of the quilt will be on the pattern but i will also post photos on Craftsy when the pattern is ready. The quilt will be cot size
oops. The quilt will be 36" x 48". I do agree that a light starching helps with bias edges. Cheers. Karen
very sweet. I loved the fabrics you chose.
Thank you. The fabrics are so very sweet. Just perfect for a tea party!!!


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Sunday March 8th Noon showing for Walt Disneys Frozen Live on Stage ! Show and Sing Along – Meet and Greet – Face Painting – Crafts – Games – Giveaways! Buy Tickets Online Now!
Sunday March 8th 3:30 Pm showing for Walt Disneys Frozen Live on Stage ! Show and Sing Along – Meet and Greet – Face Painting – Crafts – Games – Giveaways! Buy Tickets Online Now!
There are ways to separate the professionals from the amateurs when it comes to finding an event planner. You'll need to be able to know this distinction or your event may be unsuccessful. Before hiring an event planner, ask that person if he/she possesses other skills other than event planning. If the answer is no, then…..
Posted in: event planning, in the news
The entertainment service in your private party is perhaps the most important element to throwing a memorable party. Choosing the perfect entertainment is a task that must not be taken lightly because it will either make your party or break it. Now I admit that the word 'perfect' is subjective, but if you've been in a…..
Posted in: catering hall, DJ services, entertainment service
You had to leave things until the very last minute for planning that event, which caused you to Google 'nimble event planning' or 'help me, my daughter's Sweet 16 is a week away and I haven't done anything because I was rooting for my favorite football team to get in the Superbowl.' And in effect, you…..
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Your daughter's 16th birthday only happens once, so this once in a lifetime moment should be made super. Here are some ideas for an over the top Sweet 16 party. Location should match the theme of the party – A Sweet 16 with a theme has a clearer direction for where the party should be hosted……
Posted in: catering hall, inthenews, Sweet 16
Four long years and hell to pay, both literal and figurative.You've been through the complicated exams, the headache inducing dissertations, and the sleepless nights. Your graduation party should not make you relive those frustrating moments Whether you just graduated high school and wish to throw a party before you take that big step in the college…..
Posted in: catering hall, event space, graduation party tips, party tips


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Another legal victory has been chalked up for equal pay and it is a big one. On 28 October the Court of Appeal delivered its judgement on the appeal by Terranova Homes against the Employment Court's decision in favour of Kristine Bartlett's case for equal pay. Two courts now have ruled that Terranova Homes, and by implication many other employers, are breaching the 1972 Equal Pay Act. The point of contention is whether a predominantly female workforce should be paid the same rates as a comparable predominantly male workforce working with the same levels of skills, effort, and responsibility. Terranova pay their women workers the same as their handful of men workers. This does not help the women as the men are paid a pittance as well. [Read more…]
Solidarity with Mexican Students
Dear students and families of the Ayotzinapa Normal School:
It is with deep sorrow that we learnt of the terrible events of September 26 this year, when three students of your school were assassinated, and 43 were kidnapped by the municipal police of Iguala and Cucula, and handed over to a criminal group.
Those comrades, your sisters and brothers, sons and daughters, friends, are now martyrs of a cause we share with you from the distance of the other side of the ocean.
They were building a fairer future, they were fighting for social justice and they were progressing on it, they were achieving it step by step. That is why the authority was afraid of them, and sent the police to repress them, because they were making a difference. But the power of the richn and their corruption will never stop the voices of justice. Especially if it's carried by those who dare to dream and the youth who fight for freedom, like the dear and beautiful disappeared students.
From here, thousands of kilometres away, we send you all of our solidarity and we assure you are not alone. Your loss is also our loss, and our hearts are also sad for those 46 students, who will be for ever in our memories as the seeds of freedom.
We demand justice for these events. We demand that the responsible be processed under the justice and sentenced as they deserve to be – be they mayors and policeman, legal authorities and criminal groups.
And to you, we beg you not to surrender. Your fight is our fight, and is just and true.
International Socialist Organisation.
Growing Inequality – and a sign of resistance
The latest Stats NZ Household Income report has revealed that inequality in New Zealand continues to grow. The New Zealand Herald was very careful to split out a number of stories to get the best possible spin, but in combination the picture is stark.
The first story was about household income. The median household income (the middle of the distribution, rather than the average) is up $25 on the previous year, a 4.3% rise and the largest in 7 years! Hoorah! Key's rockstar economy at work! However, this is in contrast to the average income, which increased by 6.2 percent, indicating that the bulk of the growth was in the take home wealth of the already better off. [Read more…]
Lessons to learn from bitter defeat
This was a defeat, and a big one. We have to start with this unpleasant reality. National, on the current results, could govern alone if they chose; at 48% their share of the vote has actually increased compared to the last election. This is an extraordinary situation. Over one million people voted for National. The Herald calls Key "triumphant". The Dominion Post label him the "poll slayer." The rich and powerful will be delighted with this result – National is the preferred party of the capitalist class, and it is in a strong position.
We must begin with a lucid registration of defeat. Over the last six years we have argued sometimes that Key's support is 'brittle' or 'hollow.' These results show this to be wishful thinking rather than analysis – with each election National has maintained or increased its support. To win in 2008 it is true that National needed to position themselves 'left', working to shed the toxic legacy they kept from the 1990s. Tens of thousands of workers remember the Employment Contracts Act, Ruthenasia, the Mother of All Budgets. So Key brought National towards the centre, keeping popular Labour policies. What he has done from there is to redefine the 'centre' ground – National, over the last six years, has normalised its own position in society more generally. They have worked hard at promoting a socially liberal, 'diverse' image of themselves. And it is no lie: this isn't a party of whisky-soaked old homophobes and racists. There are more right-wing Maori MPs than ever before; Key voted for equal marriage rights; the coalition with the Maori Party sought to draw more social layers in to this new 'common sense.'
[Read more…]
March Against New Zealand's Shame
600 – 700 people marched against domestic violence, ending at parliament, today. The march was a uniting call to action to address sexual and domestic violence. There were other protests on this issue throughout the country, with the one at parliament the largest by far.
The Facebook page for the event described it as follows: Women's Refuge, Te Ohaakii a Hine-National Network Ending Sexual Violence Together, Shakti, Relationships Aotearoa, The Pacific Islands Safety and Prevention Project, National Network of Stopping Violence Services and the Aotearoa New Zealand Association of Supervised Contact Services joined together to organise the march because they see the profound social and economic impact of sexual and domestic violence in their daily work and believe it's time to act now. [Read more…]
Ballot for industrial action by PSA members in the health sector
Over the first few days of August, a secret ballot for industrial action was conducted by Public Service Association (PSA) members in the health sector. The result was a resounding yes to industrial action. More than one third of the 12,000 PSA health members participated in the on-line ballot with 90% voting in favour.
Allied Health, Technical and Nursing PSA members, including Physiotherapists, Occupational therapists, Speech Language Therapists, Sterile Supply Workers, Cardiology Technicians, Public Health Nurses and Mental Health Nurses, went to the secret ballot to protest the DHBs' 0.7% per year pay offer. With a 'Rock star Economy' and Bill English's 2014 budget assurances that, "[workers] are entitled to expect a share in the economic recovery", the 0.7% offer is a kick in the guts for health workers. [Read more…]
Condemn Anti-Semitic Attacks on John Key
We condemn the anti-Semitic defacing of National Party billboards reported over the last days. Racism serves to divide the working class, and to distract us from the real divisions in society. As socialists we are opposed to all forms of racism, regardless of who happens to be the target of racist slurs. All left-wing people should condemn these racist acts unequivocally.
Con Devitt: One the Bosses Hated
Con Devitt, an outstanding trade union militant, socialist and organizer, has died at the age of 86. Devitt, a long-time leader of the Boilermakers' Union in Wellington, made an enormous contribution to the class struggle and the workers' movement, especially in his important periods of leadership in the 1970s and 1980s.
From a working-class home in Glasgow, Devitt was part of the wave of post-war migration from Britain to New Zealand. Many of these migrants brought with them traditions of union solidarity and class struggle from Britain: John Findlay was another Clydeside boilermaker turned New Zealand union leader. It's for this reason that the media and the right-wing cultivated the stereotype of the "whingeing Pom" and the outside agitator. Whatever his accent, however, Devitt spoke in a language workers – whether migrant or local – could understand. His message was to stand up for your rights and to trust in your own strength.
Boilermakers worked over 60-hour weeks at one stage, with many men leaving the industry with permanent hearing loss and little support. There was plenty for unions to fight over.
For this commitment, Devitt and his comrades in the Boilermakers' Union earned the hatred and scorn of the ruling class, the political establishment – Labour and National – and the Wellington and national media. A 1977 commission of enquiry into the heavy engineering industry blamed closures on the unions and talked up "disruptive tactics and restrictive practices imposed by certain sections of the Auckland and Wellington boilermaker unions." A concerted campaign of slanders against Wellington and Kawerau boilermakers led to their unions being deregistered. National Prime Minister Robert Muldoon ranted against him. The Dominion and the Evening Post editorialised against his tactics and outlook. We should take all of this as a sign he knew how to do a good job standing up for his members. [Read more…]
All the way for equal pay
Kristine Bartlett is a hero. She and her union, the SWFU, are spearheading the fight for equal pay through the courts. Last year Bartlett was in the Employment Court to argue that her miserable $14.46 an hour after 20 years experience as a caregiver breached the Equal Pay Act 1972. Her reasoning was that her pay was less than men would get for work of the same level of skill, effort and responsibility. She won. In a landmark decision the court ruled for the first time that the Act applied to comparisons between predominantly women's jobs and men's.
Bartlett's employer, the rest home operator Terranova Homes & Care Ltd, appealed the decision with financial assistance from the New Zealand Aged Care Association. The case went to the Court of Appeal on 4 February 2014. The Attorney-General Chris Finlayson intervened to insist that the Court hear from the Government's representatives because the decision could have "important public policy implications." Indeed, thousands of women doing under-valued 'women's work' like caring and cleaning jobs stand to gain if the appeal court upholds the original decision. Women's rates of pay are on average 13% below men's. Potentially, a huge inroad into the gender-gap is at stake. [Read more…]
Engineers and Servos Ponder Mega-Merger Union
Two of Aotearoa's largest unions, the Engineering, Printing and Manufacturing Union (EPMU) — my union — and the Service and Food Workers Union (SFWU), may merge early next year. Members of both unions will vote on this in June.
With about 56,000 members, a merged union would be by far the largest private sector union in New Zealand – only about 2000 members smaller than the largest union in the country, the Public Service Association.In December, the SFWU magazine Our Voice, argued merging would mean more resources for campaigns like the Living Wage Campaign. The editorial implied a larger union could draw other unions and community groups into campaigns. Non-unionised private sector workers – who make up as much as 90% of the private sector workforce – would be more likely to join the mega-union, the editorial suggested. The latest issue of The Metal, the EPMU magazine spent even less space on the proposal, but did promise "a lot more detail about the amalgamation in a special edition of The Metal, including what it means for you and how we might work in the future".
The EPMU and SFWU have a strong record of working together, but what do we stand to gain, or lose? [Read more…]


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Town Square
World War II vet's heroism honored, 66 years later
Original post made on Jan 17, 2012
Read the full story here Web Link posted Tuesday, January 17, 2012, 5:05 PM
Comments (4)
a resident of Blossom Valley
on Jan 17, 2012 at 10:20 pm
Thank you
a resident of Rex Manor
on Jan 19, 2012 at 2:48 pm
It's a shame this brave man wasn't recognized before only because of the color of his skin. But I'm happy the Navy finally corrected that. Thanks all who made this happen.
a resident of Old Mountain View
on Jan 19, 2012 at 6:10 pm
Congratulations to this sailor!
Typical Navy. The most racist and paperwork burdened of all the services.
a resident of Shoreline West
on Jan 19, 2012 at 8:48 pm
Thank YOU Mr. Clark!!!!!!! though our country's justice was ashame of your color and forgetful of your service and valour. Thank YOU, once again.
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Art and Culture Lawyers and Law Firms in Fanwood, NJ
Art and Culture Lawyers
Fox Rothschild LLP
Roseland, NJ - Law Firm near Fanwood
Nationwide Full-Service Law Firm
973.992.4800Since our founding in 1907 in Philadelphia, Fox Rothschild LLP has enjoyed a reputation for excellence in the fields of business, corporate and securities, labor and employment, real estate, creditors' rights, litigation and tax and estates law. Over the past twelve years we have...
Law Firm's Overview
Herrick, Feinstein LLP
Newark, NJ - Law Firm near FanwoodLegal Services to Businesses and Individuals
(973) 274-2000Toni Ann Marcolini, Esq.
East Brunswick, NJ - Law Firm near FanwoodFamily and Business Law Attorney in New Jersey
(732) 353-6205The firm handles all aspects of family law, both at the trial and appellate levels, including divorce, custody disputes, child support, alimony, restraining orders, palimony suits, adoptions and civil union dissolution. Ms. Marcolini is Certified by the Supreme Court of New Jersey as Matrimonial...


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Three Floyds Ryed Da LightningBrewed by Three Floyds Brewing Company Munster, Indiana USA A special rye beer brewed in collaboration with our friends at Reckless Records. Brewed with American 2-row barley & rye medium bodied ale has a sweet caramel biscuit body and a deep golden color. A special blend of hops gives this rye ale an aroma of resiny tangerines & blood fruit. Cheer!
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