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As a professional chef I consistently see how poorly people handle knives all the time. Any sort of accident that might happen with a knife is almost always the users' fault. Most kitchen knives are not nearly sharp enough! They are almost universally held wrong as well, resulting in cuts and nicks. For instance most people let their finger jut out into the path of the blade, the proper form is to curl the fingers in slightly so that there is a smooth surface from the second to the third knuckle actually touching the blade and guiding it as you slice with no fingertip jutting out into the path of the blade. Many people also use use the wrong type of knife to cut something. For instance, you mention using a bread knife (or at least that shape) won't pierce skin. Well, that's true, but a bread knife should not be used even to cut bread! It should be used to spread condiments (butter, jam, mustard, etc.) over the bread. A long serrated knife should be used to cut the actual bread so that it can be sliced evenly and not loose it's shape, especially if it has a hard crust and soft inside. Only steak knives are really suitable for cutting, even then they should be regularly sharpened.As for murders, knives are used because they are handy, not because they are sharp. Shovels, rope and many other devices popularized by horror flicks could undoubtedly be used. It's absolutely the intent of the person wielding the knife that makes the difference. The idea that a scientist would throw out thousands of years of good knife technology because some whacko uses it to kill is ludicrous. I would be worried that implementing dull knives will result in more small injuries, like accidentally severed fingers from improperly held knives, than reduce any incidence of murder at all.
The author has made the distinction between intended and unintended injuries... so why lament the article because you fear its trying to justify taking your knives away? People in prisons modify toothbrushes into shanks, which are just as deadly as any sharp knife, so yes, killers will find a way- but the point here, if you'll forgive the pun, is a safety advantage for unintended death and injury... not all thieves intend to add murder to their repertoires, no matter how scurrilous their character may be.
Sometimes a good idea is just a good idea... what's the harm in it?
seems a concept worth implementing.
It is true, that murders will not stop, if you change the design of the knives and that the intent is the enemy, as mentioned in the previous comment.
Nonetheless - statistics show, that a significant amout of murders are committed in the heat of a passion or in a rage so to say.
After reading this article I had to remind myself that I was at the Economist website. This kind of paternalistic over analysis of a kitchen knife is generally reserved for the busy-bodies that want to make ownership of a gun, rope and baseball (pardon, cricket) bat illegal.
Intent is the enemy in what the writer is trying to avoid and that is what should be under consideration, not the inatimate object. Murderers will kill, even if they must use their bare hands; which is why I had to laugh when I read that perpetrators envision thier knives "falling into" thier victims. Of course they do. This kind of statement is to be expected as it has all of the characteristics of denial and detatchment. Could it be that it was thier hand that tightly gripped the weapon that was thrust with complete rage of heart of mind? No, just a falling pointed kitchen knife that happened to be taking a hand along for the ride.
Knifes with pointed tips are generally perceived as having sharper blades. To me this seems to be the main factor that causes buyers and manufacturers to select knifes with such shapes.
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01-24-2010, 02:25 PM | #1 (permalink) |
Veteran Member
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Well, I drank the Never Summer Kool-aid
And it is super tasty and strawberry flavored.
Chris from NS had a demo tent at Sierra at Tahoe last weekend. Wife rode an Infinity and a Pandora and loved them both. The RC tech really suited her riding style and she immediately jumped on it and took off. Absolutely killed it on her first ride on a RC board. I took an Evo just for fun, wanting to try out something besides the SLR and the Revolver, neither of which I liked last year. Holy Hell is the Evo fun. I had a blast on it and it was pretty damn stable at speed as well. We went out and bought a 158 Evo and a 145 Infinity. Absolute blasts to ride. Glad I gave them another shot after last years demos.
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01-24-2010, 08:49 PM | #5 (permalink) |
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The Evo has pixie cum in it. Seriously pixies jerk off on the cores and that's the difference.
Angry Snowboarder Because someone has to call it how they see it! |
01-25-2010, 02:18 AM | #7 (permalink) |
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Awesome...now you and your lady have some sick boards! I've been wanting to try one for the last 2-3 years, but they never have any demo days around here, so I had to bite the bullet and just buy a couple this year.
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Etzel Ecleston
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Taylor RiveraMakeup Artist Male New York, New York, US
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text: A D A J ✷ ✷ N CON IO T T A N I U C IN U G ED ARTICLE 3 RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: A REVIEW AND SUGGESTED DENTAL CARE CONSIDERATIONS NATHANIEL TREISTER, B.A.; MICHAEL GLICK, D.M.D. A B S T R A C T Background. Rheumatoid arthritis, or RA, identified, as well as complications due to treat- is a chronic multisystem disease of presumed autoim- ment modalities and various related oral manifes- mune etiology. It is estimated that arthritis and other tations and conditions. rheumatic conditions affect 42.7 million Americans. Conclusions. Medical complications due Medical complications due to RA and its treatment to RA and its treatment can affect oral health care. may affect the provision of oral health care. Oral health care providers need to recognize and Methods. The authors undertook an extensive identify modifications of dental care based on the review of the English literature relating to RA and medical status of patients with RA. Furthermore, dental care. They used primarily MEDLINE search- oral health care providers play an important role in es, which included such key words as "rheumatoid the overall care of these patients as it relates to arthritis" and "dental care" and subsequent appro- early recognition, as well as control of the disease. priate subheadings. While the MEDLINE search Clinical Implications. In most spanned the years from 1975 to the present, the most patients with RA, the condition will necessitate few recent literature was prioritized. Appropriate medical or no changes in routine dental care. However, con- and dental textbooks were also used. The authors ex- siderations include the patient's ability to maintain trapolated information from selected texts based adequate oral hygiene, xerostomia and its related on its relevance to dentistry, oral health and the role complications, the patient's susceptibility to infec- of the dental provider in the overall treatment of tions, impaired hemostasis, and untoward drug RA patients. actions and interactions. Patients with RA may re- Results. The authors reviewed nearly 200 arti- quire antibiotic prophylaxis owing to joint replace- cles and seven textbooks. Their determination of the ment and/or immune suppression, glucocortico- texts' relevance to oral health care was based on con- steroid replacement therapy and modifications in tent, significance, quality, journal in which articles oral hygiene procedures. Intra- and extraoral con- were published and year of publication. Major fea- ditions such as ulcerations, gingival overgrowth, tures of RA—including its diagnosis, pathophysiolo- disease-associated periodontitis and temporo- gy, clinical features and medical treatment—were mandibular pathology also need to be recognized. Rheumatoid arthritis, or RA, was first de- likely a group of diseases in which chronic scribed clinically in a 1800 doctoral thesis by polysynovitis is a major manifestation.2 Landre-Beauvais, a French medical student, who Arthritis and other rheumatic conditions in- called the condition "primary aesthenic gout." Sir volving chronic joint symptoms affect 42.7 million Alfred Garrod established the distinction between Americans, costing $65 billion per year.3,4 Nearly RA and gout in 1859 and gave the condition its three million Americans have the specific diagno- present name.1 Still today, however, many sis of RA. Interestingly, approximately 40 percent rheumatologists have suggested that RA is more of people with chronic joint symptoms have not JADA, Vol. 130, May 1999 689 Copyright ©1998-2001 American Dental Association. All rights reserved. DENTISTRY AND MEDICINE contacted a physician for a diag- counseling, patient education provoked synovitis depends on nosis.5 Women are about three and surgical intervention. the local accumulation and acti- times more likely to be affected vation of cytokine-releasing PATHOPHYSIOLOGY than men, and 80 percent of cells, which appear to regulate people with RA develop signs The cause of RA is not known, the growth, differentiation and and symptoms of the disease although its etiology appears to activity of other cells involved between the ages of 35 and be multifactorial and may in- in inflammatory and immuno- 50 years.6,7 The classic charac- volve infectious, genetic, en- logical reactions in the rheuma- teristics of this disease are bi- docrine and immune participa- toid joint. The hypertrophied, lateral and symmetric chronic tion.6,7 Rheumatoid arthritis is inflamed synovial tissue that inflammation of the synovium, believed to be a T lymphocyte– covers and extends into the car- a condition known as synovitis. driven disease in which a sud- tilaginous areas of the joint This inflammatory response den influx of T cells into the af- with fingerlike processes is de- particularly affects small joints fected joint(s) is followed by an fined as the pannus. Cytokines of the upper and lower extremi- increased number of macro- increase the permeability of ties, and it often leads to the de- phages and fibroblasts, drawn blood vessel walls, facilitating terioration and eventual de- by the release of cytokines, par- the migration of white blood struction of articular cartilage cells into joint spaces that then and juxta-articular bone, as Fifty percent of peo- become sites of inflammation. well as to an inflammatory pro- Cytokine release also leads to cess surrounding tendons, all of ple with rheumatoid the proliferation of fibroblasts, which frequently result in de- arthritis become un- synovial cells, increased formities of the affected joints. able to work within prostaglandin and matrix- In addition to the typical degrading protease activity and, pattern of inflammation, pa- the decade after the ultimately, the resorption of tients with RA may experience onset of disease. bone. IL-1, a cytokine secreted systemic manifestations such primarily by macrophages, is as fatigue, loss of appetite, ticularly interleukin-1, or IL-1, one of the key mediators of local weakness and vague muscu- and tumor necrosis factor- inflammation, tissue damage, loskeletal pain. Recent studies alpha, or TNF-α. This cytokine immunologic reactions and bone have established a connection release and subsequent migra- resorption.11 Additionally, it is between RA and an increased tion of cells is thought to be re- implicated in many of the sys- risk of premature mortality sponsible for the chronic inflam- temic manifestations of RA, due to infections, hematopoiet- mation, and characteristic particularly malaise, fever, ane- ic malignancies, cardiovascular destructive changes in rheuma- mia and elevated serum acute- diseases, renal diseases and/or toid joints.6,10 The cause of the phase reactants.12 TNF-α, an- complications from treatment.8 initial T-cell influx is not other key cytokine that often While patients with RA appear known, but several infectious acts synergistically with IL-1, to die as a result of the same agents—including both bacteria also promotes the cartilage and causes affecting the general such as streptococci and my- bone erosion that leads to RA- population, the increased mor- coplasma as well as viruses characteristic pathological joint tality in people with RA is pro- such as parvovirus, Epstein- alteration.13 portional to the severity of the Barr virus and retroviruses— Joint pathology is pervasive course of their disease.9 have been suggested. in patients with RA. The great- Successful management of Synovial joints are composed est rate of joint damage occurs this condition requires a multi- of articular cartilage, synovial in the first two years of the dis- faceted and multidisciplinary fluid and a synovial membrane. ease, when more than 50 per- approach to treatment. Treat- The synovial membrane is the cent of patients have radio- ment modalities include sys- area of the joint infiltrated by graphic evidence of joint temically administered drugs, the T cells in a rheumatoid at- damage. Within three years, local injections of corticoster- tack and is the site of the subse- nearly 70 percent of affected oids, physical therapy, occupa- quent immune response. The people will exhibit radiographic tional therapy, psychological severity and progression of RA- damage.14,15 Somewhat less than 690 JADA, Vol. 130, May 1999 Copyright ©1998-2001 American Dental Association. All rights reserved. DENTISTRY AND MEDICINE 10 percent of patients report TABLE 1 single, nonrecurrent episodes of RA, or mild but recurring cases, while two-thirds of patients ex- 1987 REVISED CRITERIA FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF hibit a clinical pattern of wax- ing and waning disease over RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS.* many years.16,17 The general pro- GUIDELINES gression of RA leads to an in- creasing disability and loss of dFour of seven criteria must be functional capacity; 50 percent satisfied for a diagnosis. of people with RA become un- dCriteria 1 through 4 must be present for at least six weeks. able to work within the decade dCriteria 2 through 5 must be after the onset of disease.18 observed by a physician. There are extra-articular dDesignation as classic, definite or manifestations of RA as well, in- probable rheumatoid arthritis, or RA, is not to be made. cluding rheumatoid nodules, rheumatoid vasculitis, intersti- Criteria Definition tial lung disease, pericardial dis- ease, episcleritis and scleritis, 1. Morning Stiffness Stiffness in and around the Felty's syndrome and Sjögren's joints, lasting at least one syndrome. Felty's syndrome, a hour before maximal im- provement rare condition affecting 1 to 2 percent of people with RA, is 2. Arthritis of Three or Soft-tissue swelling or fluid More Joint Areas (but not just bony over- characterized by chronic RA, growth) in at least three splenomegaly, neutropenia and joint areas simultaneously (the 14 possible joint areas sometimes anemia or thrombo- are right or left proximal cytopenia.19 These patients can interphalangeal, or PIP; metacarpophalangeal, or have neutrophil counts of less MCP; wrist; elbow; knee; than 1,000 cells per microliter as ankle; and metatarsopha- langeal, or MTP, joints) well as defective neutrophil function.20 Sjögren's syndrome is 3. Arthritis of Hand Joints At least one area swollen (as defined in criterion 2) in a chronic autoimmune disease a wrist, MCP or PIP joint characterized by lymphocytic in- 4. Symmetric Arthritis Simultaneous involvement filtration of the exocrine glands of the same joint areas (as resulting in xerostomia, dry eyes defined in criterion 2) on both sides of the body and joint pain. When observed in association with RA, it is 5. Rheumatoid Nodules Subcutaneous nodules over bony prominences, extensor called "secondary Sjögren's surfaces or juxta-articular syndrome."7,21 regions 6. Amount of Serum Demonstration of abnormal DIAGNOSIS Rheumatoid Factor amounts of serum rheuma- toid factor by any method In 1987, the American for which the result has been positive in less than 5 Rheumatism Association (now percent of normal control the American College of subjects Rheumatology, or ACR) revised 7. Radiographic Changes Changes typical of RA on the criteria it had set in 1958 to posteroanterior hand and wrist radiographs, which create a better model for the di- must include erosions or agnosis of RA (Table 1).22,23 There unequivocal bony decalcifi- cation localized in or most are no specific laboratory tests to marked adjacent to the in- diagnose RA. Rheumatoid fac- volved joints tors—immunoglobulin M, or IgM, antibodies directed against * Adapted from Arnett and colleagues. 23 other immunoglobulins—are JADA, Vol. 130, May 1999 691 Copyright ©1998-2001 American Dental Association. All rights reserved. DENTISTRY AND MEDICINE TABLE 2 to restore or at least maintain quality of life by relieving pain, TOXICITIES OF ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUGS.* reducing joint inflammation and preventing joint destruction DRUG TOXICITIES and deformity.25 The challenge for physicians in treating RA is Methotrexate Gastrointestinal symptoms, preventing early stages of the stomatitis, rash, alopecia, infrequent myelosuppres- disease from progressing to sion, hepatotoxicity, rare stages of severe erosion and but potentially life-threat- ening pulmonary toxicity joint deformity.26 Currently available antirheumatic drugs Injectable Gold Salts Rash, stomatitis, myelosup- pression, thrombocytope- control established RA only par- nia, proteinuria tially. They rarely induce long- Oral Gold Salts Same as those of injectable term remission and seldom af- form but less frequent; fect the progression of joint frequent diarrhea destruction.27 Additionally, D-penicillamine Rash, stomatitis, dysgeu- many of these drugs have seri- sia, proteinuria, myelosup- pression, infrequent but se- ous side effects that contraindi- rious autoimmune disease cate their use for early-stage Cyclosporine Renal impairment, hyper- RA and interfere with long-term tension, gingival over- therapeutic use for more severe growth RA cases28,29 (Table 2). Physical Nonsteroidal Anti- Gastrointestinal symptoms, therapy, exercise, use of orthot- inflammatory Drugs including indigestion, ulceration, hemorrhage, ic devices and, in severe cases, small-bowel ulceration, surgery all are factors in treat- stomatitis; renal abnormal- ities; neurological abnor- ment planning.7 malities; pulmonary abnor- To prevent erosive damage malities; dermatologic abnormalities; hematologic by progressive RA, the condi- abnormalities; hepatic ab- tion must be diagnosed early normalities; displacement of protein-bound drugs; and therapy begun promptly, possible systemic complica- ideally within two months of tions disease onset.6 Nonsteroidal * Adapted from American College of Rheumatology Ad Hoc Committee on Clinical anti-inflammatory drugs, or Guidelines27 and Lehmann and colleagues.50 NSAIDs, are the current main- stream "first-line" treatment, although this protocol is now found in more than two-thirds of patients who already had been criticized by many physicians adult patients with RA, but they diagnosed with RA and had a who are arguing for more ag- are not specific to RA and are median disease duration of 7.7 gressive early treatment of RA. found in patients with a number years.22 Therefore, they are However, while NSAIDs often of other conditions. Additionally, more helpful in evaluating are effective in controlling 5 percent of otherwise healthy those with well-established symptoms of RA, they do not people have circulating rheuma- symptoms, and often are diffi- alter the course of the disease. toid factors.7 While the presence cult to apply to people in early Corticosteroids, another option, of rheumatoid factor is not use- stages of the disease.22 have both anti-inflammatory ful as a screening test, high lev- Evaluations of specific patterns and immunosuppressive effects. els in combination with a sug- of pain in suspected cases have This type of drug can provide ef- gestive clinical presentation of been able to predict RA with a fective relief by decreasing cir- RA are prognostic for more se- 70 percent probability at early culating monocytes, reducing vere disease with extra-articular stages of the disease.24 macrophage phagocytosis and manifestations. IL-1 secretion, inhibiting colla- TREATMENT The latest set of criteria was genase and lysosomal enzyme developed through the study of The objective of RA therapies is release, and slowing 692 JADA, Vol. 130, May 1999 Copyright ©1998-2001 American Dental Association. All rights reserved. DENTISTRY AND MEDICINE TABLE 3 RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AGENTS.* AGENT DOSING COST PER MONTH IN DOLLARS† Auranofin 3 milligrams per mouth, or PO, twice 79 daily Aurothioglucose 50 mg intramuscularly once every two 28 weeks Azathioprine 150 mg PO once daily 105 Celecoxib 100 mg PO twice daily 86 Cyclophosphamide 150 mg PO daily 300 Cyclosporine 2 mg/kilogram PO twice daily 475 D-penicillamine 750 mg PO once daily 86 Etanercept 25 mg subcutaneously twice weekly 1,100 Gold Sodium Thiomalate 50 mg once every two weeks 18 Hydrochloroquine 200 mg PO twice daily 64 Leflunomide 20 mg PO once daily 245 Methotrexate 15 mg PO once daily 75 Sulfasalazine 1,000 mg PO three times daily 52 57 * Adapted from Dunn and Small. † Based on average wholesale price in December 1998. prostaglandin and leukotriene glucocorticoids treat primarily frequent patient monitoring synthesis. However, cortico- symptoms, DMARDs have the and ultimately limits their ther- steroid therapy is limited in its potential to reduce disease ac- apeutic value, as many patients usefulness because of its severe are able to tolerate the drugs side effects, which may include The primary goal of for only one or two years before osteoporosis, muscle weakness, they are forced to discontinue glucose intolerance, cataracts the latest treatment the treatment.17,30 and sex hormone imbalances.7 protocols has been Methotrexate has become a In cases of long-term use of glu- aggressive early con- popular treatment choice re- cocorticosteroids, the drugs usu- cently because of its immuno- ally are given only every other trol of inflammation, suppressive and anti-inflamma- day to reduce potential side based largely on the tory effects.31 This drug has effects. finding that signifi- been proven effective. Also, it is "Second-line" or disease-mod- tolerable as a long-term treat- ifying antirheumatic drugs, or cant joint damage ment, particularly as folic acid DMARDs, whose mechanisms of does occur in the supplements can be used to action as a group are predomi- early stages of ameliorate many of its toxic nantly unknown, include gold, side effects, which may still in- sulfasalazine, hydroxychloro- rheumatoid arthritis. clude gastrointestinal distress, quine, D-penicillamine, azathio- stomatitis, thrombocytopenia, prine and a recently approved tivity and/or prevent joint dam- bone marrow suppression, drug, leflunomide (Arava, age.27 These second-line agents pneumonitis and/or pulmonary Hoechst Marion Roussel Inc.) can have considerable toxicity. lesions, hepatic fibrosis/cirrho- (Table 3). While NSAIDs and Therefore, their use requires sis and renal toxicity. Well more JADA, Vol. 130, May 1999 693 Copyright ©1998-2001 American Dental Association. All rights reserved. DENTISTRY AND MEDICINE cantly greater than that of sin- INDICATIONS FOR ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS FOR gle agents. Combinations of methotrexate and cyclosporine DENTAL PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS have shown some promise.2 Moreover, there is little evi- dence supporting the effective- AND TOTAL JOINT REPLACEMENTS.* ness of aggressive drug therapy in altering the long-term conse- DENTAL PROCEDURES FOR WHICH ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS quences of RA.35 IS INDICATED One of the latest and more dDental extractions novel approaches to treatment is dPeriodontal procedures cytokine therapy, which could dDental implant placement and reimplantation of involve the inhibition of cytokine avulsed teeth synthesis, inhibition of cytokine dEndodontic instrumentation or surgery only beyond the release, inhibition of cytokine apex action and/or inhibition of cyto- dInitial placement of orthodontic bands (not brackets) kine intracellular signaling dIntraligamentary local anesthetic injections pathways. While some of these dProphylactic cleaning of teeth or implants when bleed- ing is anticipated modalities are showing promis- ing clinical success, it remains SUGGESTED ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS REGIMENS uncertain how effective blocking Note: No second doses are recommended for any of these single cytokines can be in in- regimens. hibiting the complex cytokine- dPatients not allergic to penicillin: cephalexin, cephra- induced pathology of RA.36 dine or amoxicillin, 2 grams orally, one hour before dental procedure Surgical intervention is used dPatients not allergic to penicillin and unable to take in cases of unacceptable pain oral medications: cefazolin (1 g) or ampicillin (2 g) in- and limitation or loss of func- tramuscularly or intravenously, one hour before dental procedure tion due to severe joint damage. dPatients allergic to penicillin: clindamycin, 600 mil- The most successful procedures ligrams orally, one hour before dental procedure include arthroplasties and total dPatients allergic to penicillin and unable to take oral joint replacements involving the medications: clindamycin, 600 mg intravenously, one hour before dental procedure hips, knees and shoulders.7,27 * Adapted from American Dental Association and American Academy of Orthopaedic ORAL MANIFESTATIONS Surgeons.53 AND CONDITIONS As mentioned above, long-term than one-half—64 percent—of early control of inflammation, use of methotrexate and other people who use methotrexate based largely on the finding antirheumatic agents such as are able to continue its use for that significant joint damage gold, D-penicillamine and five years or more.32,33 does occur in the early stages of NSAIDs can cause stomatitis. Signs and symptoms of RA RA, particularly in the first two Cyclosporine may cause gingival typically recur when second-line years of the disease.15,27 New overgrowth. Additionally, most drug therapies are discontin- treatment strategies have patients with RA will exhibit ued. Because most second-line sought to maximize long-term some temporomandibular joint, therapy (with the exception of efficacy of second-line drugs by or TMJ, involvement during the methotrexate therapy) must be introducing them earlier and course of the disease. Involve- discontinued after less than two giving them in combinations.35 ment of the TMJ results from years owing to toxicity or loss of In controlled trials, however, granulomatous involvement of efficacy, recurrence and long- multiple-agent treatments have the articular surface of the syn- term control of RA is a failed to demonstrate greater ef- ovial membrane, which leads to problem.34 The primary goal of ficacy than single agents, and destruction of the underlying the latest treatment protocols, the toxicity of some combina- bone. Symptoms are character- however, has been aggressive tions has proven to be signifi- istic of TMJ dysfunction.37 694 JADA, Vol. 130, May 1999 Copyright ©1998-2001 American Dental Association. All rights reserved. DENTISTRY AND MEDICINE Radiographic findings include TABLE 4 narrowed joint spaces, flattened condyles, erosions, subchondral GUIDELINES FOR CARIES PREVENTION FOR PATIENTS WITH SJÖGREN'S sclerosis, cysts and osteo- porosis.38,39 Severe arthritic dete- SYNDROME AND/OR REDUCED SALIVARY FLOW.* rioration of the TMJ may be ac- THERAPY GUIDELINES companied by a high incidence Treatment Planning Four-month recall visits; fre- of upper-airway obstruction.40 quent, high-quality bitewing radiographs; conservative Patients with longstanding restorations based on pa- active RA may have an in- tient hygiene, compliance with fluoride use and caries creased incidence of periodontal susceptibility disease, including loss of alveo- Personal Oral Hygiene Brush at least twice daily lar bone and teeth.41,42 This has Instruction with a fluoride dentifrice; been a neglected feature of RA. floss or, space permitting, use an interproximal brush Similarities in host immune re- sponse between RA and perio- Treatment of Xerostomia Water, artificial saliva, sugarless gum or mints, dontal disease have been re- 5 milligrams of pilocarpine ported, involving reduced hydrochloride 3 to 4 times a day (note that adverse cellular and enhanced humoral reactions to pilocarpine activity.43,44 While a protective hydrochloride include in- creased sweating in 40 influence of NSAIDs on gingivi- percent of patients) tis and periodontitis has been Dietary Instruction Limit between-meal inges- reported because of their reduc- tion of fermentable carbohy- tion of inflammation and, there- drates and encourage use of noncariogenic sweetening fore, of subsequent loss of bone, agents such as acesulfame there is little knowledge regard- K, aspartame, saccharin, sorbitol or xylitol ing the impact of second-line agents on periodontal disease.45 Office Fluoride Treatment 1.23 percent fluoride acidu- lated phosphate fluoride, or It does not appear that inade- APF, gel for four minutes in quate oral hygiene resulting a tray; or a 2.25 percent fluo- ride varnish applied directly from functional impairment is a to the teeth, four times a year primary factor in periodontal Office Chlorhexidine Application of a 1 percent disease.41 Treatment chlorhexidine gel for five Patients with secondary minutes or a high-concentra- tion chlorhexidine varnish Sjögren's syndrome have chron- applied directly to the teeth ic xerostomia. A recent study of (neither yet available in the United States) 604 people with RA indicated a decrease in salivary flow in 43 Home Fluoride Treatment Daily five-minute applica- tion of 1.1 percent sodium percent of patients.46 Further- fluoride, or NaF, or of APF more, the risk of developing re- gel in a custom tray; or daily 0.05 percent NaF rinse for duced salivary flow increased one minute is an alternative with severity of the disease. for patients unable to toler- ate the gel owing to gagging This leads to multiple oral prob- or nausea; use of extremely- lems, including difficulty in high-fluoride-content tooth- paste once daily swallowing food, difficulty in speaking, oral soreness and If on three-month recall, the Home Chlorhexidine Streptococcus mutans count burning (which may be due to Treatment exceeds 1 × 10 colony-form- oral candidiasis), intolerance to ing units per milliliter of saliva, institute a 30-second spicy foods, problems in wear- rinse twice daily with 0.12 ing dentures and an increase in percent chlorhexidine glu- conate for two weeks caries.7,21,47,48 Caries in these pa- tients may progress despite ex- 47 48 49 55 * Adapted from Newbrun, Atkinson and Fox, Atkinson and Wu, Fox and colleagues. cellent regular home oral care, JADA, Vol. 130, May 1999 695 Copyright ©1998-2001 American Dental Association. All rights reserved. DENTISTRY AND MEDICINE and eliminated in large part in SUMMARY: DENTAL MANAGEMENT OF THE the urine by active secretion in the proximal tubules of the kid- RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENT. neys.51 Although it is somewhat inconclusive, there is evidence BEFORE TREATMENT for a greater possibility of infec- dAdminister antibiotic prophylaxis because of joint tions in patients using replacement when indicated methotrexate owing to immuno- dAdminister antibiotic prophylaxis because of immune suppression. While stomatitis is suppression when indicated considered a relatively minor dAdminister glucocorticosteroid replacement therapy adverse effect of methotrexate when indicated use, folic acid may help reduce its severity.51 dAssess potential impairment of hemostasis With long-term glucocortico- DURING TREATMENT steroid use, secondary adrenal dRecognize and address ulcerations and gingival insufficiency is a potential prob- overgrowth due to medications lem. Replacement therapy for adrenally suppressed people dRecognize and address xerostomia-associated may be necessary to prevent complications cardiovascular collapse, as their dRecognize and address disease-associated periodontitis response to surgical stress may AFTER TREATMENT include a precipitous drop in blood pressure. In such cases, dAvoid untoward drug actions and interactions when an intramuscular or intra- choosing postoperative medications venous injection of hydrocorti- dImprove and modify oral hygiene instruction sone may be necessary. Long- lasting local anesthetics (such as bupivacaine) and postopera- tive pain medications should be use of fluoride and avoidance of impairment or peptic ulcers.50 used with these patients, as cariogenic foods. Unexplained GI-protective agents such as the well as mild sedatives in more dental caries, especially in root prostaglandin analog misopros- apprehensive patients.52 and incisal sites, may be the tol may help alleviate these side According to the guidelines first apparent clinical sign in recently published by the Sjögren's syndrome.49 It is essential that the American Dental Association and the American Association of DENTAL MANAGEMENT dentist keep himself Orthopaedic Surgeons, 53 it is It is essential that the dentist or herself updated as recommended that patients keep himself or herself updated to the drugs the pa- with severe RA who have had as to the drugs the patient with joints surgically replaced with RA is currently receiving, their tient with RA is cur- prosthetic joints may require possible side effects and interac- rently receiving, their prophylactic antibiotic therapy tions with other drugs. The possible side effects before invasive dental proce- most common adverse effects dures (Box, "Indications for involved with NSAIDs include and interactions with Antibiotic Prophylaxis for the gastrointestinal and renal other drugs. Dental Patients With systems, and both are dose- Rheumatoid Arthritis and Total related. Before prescribing addi- effects.27 NSAIDs are known to Joint Replacements"). Patients tional NSAIDs, the clinician displace protein-bound drugs as with RA who have upper-air- must assess the RA patient's well as impair renal function, way obstruction resulting from current medication schedule to both of which can increase free TMJ dysfunction may pose diffi- avoid toxic levels, especially in levels of methotrexate, which is culty in intubation.37 In addi- patients with a history of renal 50 to 60 percent albumin-bound tion, depending on the severity 696 JADA, Vol. 130, May 1999 Copyright ©1998-2001 American Dental Association. All rights reserved. DENTISTRY AND MEDICINE of the TMJ dysfunction, the pa- devices, and chlorhexidine and Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 4001 Spruce St., tient may require a soft diet re- fluoride rinses all can be helpful Philadelphia, Pa. 19104. Address reprint re- striction. These patients may to RA patients experiencing quests to Dr. Glick. derive long-term benefits from symptoms in the hands and 1. Short CL. The antiquity of rheumatoid local physical therapy of the wrists.56,57 Specially designed arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1974;17:193-205. 2. Kushner I, Dawson NV. Aggressive ther- stomatognathic system.54 toothbrushes are also available apy does not substantially alter the long-term Patients with Felty's syn- for patients with RA. course of rheumatoid arthritis: so what else is new? Rheum Dis Clin North Am 1993;19:163- drome are at an increased risk 72. CONCLUSION of developing infection owing to 3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prevalence of disabilities and as- their neutropenia and impaired For most patients with RA, few sociated health conditions—United States, hemostasis owing to their or no changes will be required 1991-1992. MMWR 1994;43:730-1, 737-9. 4. Yelin E, Callahan LF. The economic cost thrombocytopenia.20 Patients in standard dental treatment and social and psychological impact of muscu- with Sjögren's syndrome may (Box, "Summary: Dental loskeletal conditions. Arthritis Rheum 1995;38:1351-62. require additional personal oral Management of the Rheumatoid 5. Centers for Disease Control and care instruction, dietary in- Arthritis Patient"). However, it Prevention. Prevalence and impact of chronic joint symptoms—seven states, 1996. MMWR struction and modifications, is important to assess the sta- 1998;47:345-51. home/clinical fluoride therapy, tus of the patient's condition 6. Harris ED Jr. Rheumatoid arthritis: pathophysiology and implications for therapy. home/clinical chlorhexidine carefully, as even mild cases of N Engl J Med 1990;322:1277-89. therapy, treatment for their xe- RA may adversely affect the pa- 7. Lipsky PE. Rheumatoid arthritis. In: Wilson JD, Braunwald E, Isselbacher KJ, et rostomia, more frequent recall tient's ability to maintain good al., eds. Harrison's principles of internal visits and radiographs and oral hygiene, especially in pa- medicine. 14th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1998:1880-8. more conservative treatment tients with xerostomia. 8. Myllykangas-Luosujarvi RA, Aho K, plans48 (Table 4). Pilocarpine Associated syndromes may con- Isomaki HA. Mortality in rheumatoid arthri- tis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1995;25:193-202. hydrochloride (Salagen, MGI tribute to a patient's suscepti- 9. Pincus T, Brooks RH, Callahan LF. Pharma Inc.) was recently ap- bility to infections and impaired Prediction of long-term mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis according to simple proved in the United States for hemostasis. A proper review of questionnaire and joint count measures. Ann treatment of Sjögren's syn- the patient's medication history Intern Med 1994;120:26-34. 10. van Leeuwen MA, Westra J, Limburg drome in patients who are expe- will allow for more accurate dif- PC, van Riel PL, van Rijswijk MH. riencing hyposalivation and ferential diagnoses of oral le- Interleukin-6 in relation to other proinflam- matory cytokines, chemotactic activity and have remaining functional sali- sions and will minimize compli- neutrophil activation in rheumatoid synovial vary tissue.55 cations with drug interactions fluid. Ann Rheum Dis 1995;54:33-8. 11. Lorenzo JA. The role of cytokines in the Additional concerns when or overdoses. Practitioners regulation of local bone resorption. Crit Rev treating dental patients with specifically need to be aware of Immunol 1991;11:195-213. 12. Dinarello CA. Biology of interleukin-1. RA are patient comfort and pa- potential adrenal insufficiency FASEB J 1988;2:108-15. tient education. According to in patients receiving long-term 13. Stashenko P, Dewhirst FE, Peros WJ, Kent RL, Ago JM. Synergistic interactions be- the severity of the patient's RA, glucocorticosteroid therapy. A tween interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor, certain considerations should be further concern is patients who and lymphotoxin in bone resorption. J Immunol 1987;138:1464-8. addressed. The dentist should have had joint replacement, for 14. Fuchs HA, Kaye JJ, Callahan LF, be conscious of the patient's whom antibiotic prophylaxis is Nance EP, Pincus T. Evidence of significant radiographic damage in rheumatoid arthritis physical comfort level in the indicated. within the first 2 years of disease. J dental chair: altering the chair's As with many other chronic Rheumatol 1989;16:585-91. 15. van der Heijde D, van Leeuwen MA, van position, allowing the patient to conditions, early intervention Riel P, van de Putte L. Radiographic progres- shift positions, using pillows can reduce the severity of the sion of radiographs on hands and feet during the first 3 years of rheumatoid arthritis mea- and other such aids, and disease. Thus, dental health- sured according to Sharp's method (van der scheduling shorter appoint- care workers play an important Heijde modification). J Rheumatol 1995;22:1792-6. ments all should be considered. role in recognizing signs and 16. Pincus T, Callahan LF. What is the nat- Home oral hygiene procedures symptoms of RA and in advising ural history of rheumatoid arthritis? Rheum Dis Clin North Am 1993;19:123-51. may present a challenge to the patients to seek medical care. s 17. Pope R. Rheumatoid arthritis: pathogen- patient with RA because of re- esis and early recognition. Am J Med Mr. Treister is a third-year dental student, 1996;100(2A):3S-9S. duced manual dexterity. To en- University of Pennsylvania School of Dental 18. Yelin E, Henke C, Epstein W. The work hance traditional dental hy- Medicine, Philadelphia. dynamics of the person with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1987;30:507-12. giene practices, floss holders, Dr. Glick is director, Programs for 19. Gridley G, Klippel JH, Hoover RN, electric toothbrushes, irrigating Medically Complex Patients, Department of Fraumeni JF. Incidence of cancer among men JADA, Vol. 130, May 1999 697 Copyright ©1998-2001 American Dental Association. All rights reserved. DENTISTRY AND MEDICINE with the Felty syndrome. Ann Intern Med 1992;21(suppl 3):2-15. Temporomandibular degenerative joint dis- 1994;120:35-9. 29. Iannuzzi L, Dawson N, Zein N. Does ease I: Anatomy, pathophysiology, and clini- 20. Rosenstein ED, Kramer N. Felty's and drug therapy slow radiographic deterioration cal desciption. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral pseudo-Felty's syndromes. Semin Arthritis in rheumatoid arthritis? N Engl J Med Pathol 1975;40:165-9. Rheum 1991;21:129-42. 1983;309:1023-8. 39. Goupille P, Fouquet B, Goga D, Cotty P, 21. Fox RI. Pathogenesis and treatment of 30. American College of Rheumatology Ad Valat J. The temporomandibular joint in Sjögren's syndrome. Curr Opin Rheumatol Hoc Committee on Clinical Guidelines. rheumatoid arthritis: correlations between 1997;9:393-9. Guidelines for monitoring drug therapy in clinical and tomographic features. J Dent 22. Dugowson CE, Nelson JL, Koepsell TD. rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1993;21:141-6. Evaluation of the 1987 revised criteria for 1996;39:723-31. 40. Redlund-Johnell L. Upper airway ob- rheumatoid arthritis in a cohort of newly di- 31. Kremer JM. The changing face of thera- struction in patients with rheumatoid arthri- agnosed female patients. Arthritis Rheum py for rheumatoid arthritis. Rheum Dis Clin tis and temporomandibular joint destruction. 1990;33:1042-6. North Am 1995;21:845-52. Scand Rheumatol 1988;17:273-9. 23. Arnett FC, Edworthy SM, Bloch DA, et 32. Morgan SL, Baggott JE, Vaughn WH, et 41. Kaber UR, Gleissner C, Dehne F, Michel al. The American Rheumatism Association al. Supplementation with folic acid during A, Willershausen-Zonnchen B, Bolten WW. 1987 revised criteria for the classification of methotrexate therapy for rheumatoid arthri- Risk for periodontal disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum tis: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. longstanding rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis 1988;31:315-24. Ann Intern Med 1994;121:833-41. Rheum 1997;40:2248-51. 24. Montagna GL, Tirri R, Baruffo A, Preti 33. Weinblatt ME, Kaplan H, Germain BF, 42. Tolo K, Jorkjend L. Serum antibodies B, Viaggi S. Clinical pattern of pain in et al. Methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis: a and loss of periodontal bone in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol five-year prospective multicenter study. rheumatoid arthritis. J Clin Periodontol 1997;15:481-5. Arthritis Rheum 1994;37:1492-8. 1990;17:288-91. 25. Schiff M. Emerging treatments for 34. Wolfe R, Hawley DJ, Cathey MA. 43. Snyderman R, McCarty GA. Analogous rheumatoid arthritis. Am J Med Termination of slow-acting antirheumatic mechanism of tissue destruction in rheuma- 1997;102(suppl 1A):11S-15S. therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: a 14 year toid arthritis and periodontal research. In: 26. Blackburn WD. Management of os- prospective evaluation of 1017 consecutive Genco RJ, Mergenhagen SE, eds. Host-para- teoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: starts. J Rheumatol 1990;17:994-1002. site interaction in periodontal disease. prospects and possibilities. Am J Med 35. Felson DT, Anderson JJ, Meenan RF. Washington, D.C.: American Society for 1996;100(suppl 2A):24S-30S. The efficacy and toxicity of combination ther- Microbiology; 1982:354-62. 27. American College of Rheumatology Ad apy in rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis. 44. Yavuzyilmaz E, Yamalik N, Calguner M, Hoc Committee on Clinical Guidelines. Arthritis Rheum 1994;37:1484-91. Ersoy F, Baykara M, Yeniay I. Clinical and Guidelines for the management of rheuma- 36. Henderson B. Therapeutic modification immunological characteristics of patients with toid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1996;39:713- of cytokines. Ann Rheum Dis 1995;54:519-23. rheumatoid arthritis and periodontal disease. 22. 37. Iacopino AM, Wathen WF. J Nihon Univ Sch Dent 1992;34:89-95. 28. Pincus T. The paradox of effective thera- Craniomandibular disorders in the geriatric 45. Howell HT. Blocking periodontal disease pies but poor long term outcome in rheuma- patient. J Orofac Pain 1993;7:38-52. progression with anti-inflammatory agents. J toid arthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 38. Kreutziger KL, Mahan PL. Periodontol 1993;64:828-33. 46. Russel SL, Reisine S. Investigation of xerostomia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. JADA 1998;129:733-9. 47. Newbrun E. Current treatment modali- ties of oral problems of patients with Sjögren's syndrome: caries prevention. Adv Dent Res 1996;10:29-34. 48. Atkinson J, Fox P. Sjögren's syndrome: oral and dental considerations. JADA 1993;124:74-86. 49. Atkinson J, Wu A. Salivary gland dys- function: causes, symptoms, treatment. JADA 1994;125:409-16. 50. Lehmann T, Day RO, Brooks PM. Toxicity of antirheumatic drugs. Med J Aust 1997;166:378-83. 51. Bannwarth B, Labat L, Moride Y, Schaeverbeke T. Methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis: an update. Drugs 1994;47:25-50. 52. Glick M. Glucocorticosteroid replace- ment therapy: a literature review and sug- gested replacement therapy. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1989;67:614-20. 53. American Dental Association, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental patients with total joint replacements. JADA 1997;128:1004-8. 54. Tegelberg A, Kopp S. A 3-year follow-up of temporomandibular disorders in rheuma- toid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. Acta Odontol Scand 1996;54:14-8. 55. Fox P, Brennan M, Pillemer S, Radfar L, Yamano S, Baum B. Sjögren's syndrome: a model for dental care in the 21st century. JADA 1998;129:719-28. 56. Risheim H, Kjoerheim V, Arneberg P. Improvement of oral hygiene in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Scand J Dent Res 1992;100:172-5. 57. Dunn EC, Small RE. Leflunomide: an immunomodulatory agent for rheumatoid arthritis. Formulary 1999;34:21-31. Copyright ©1998-2001 American Dental Association. All rights reserved.


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View a Descriptive presentation of "Marching to the Beat"
The Calendar Page has dates for SPRING Semester 2015
No class: March 23, 25, 30, April 1
Groups and Orchestra Classes are 4:45-5:35 M/W Individual lessons 5:45-6:10 or 6:10-6:35 M/W
Come to our free concert May 11, 2015! 7:00pm Concert Recital Hall Capistrano Hall
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Let's say I want to make a flag. I make a stick, which is a cube with a long height. Then I make a cloth object. Technically, I want to somehow attach the cloth object to the cube object, simulating a flag... but I can't find a way to efficiently achieve such =/
(comments are locked)
What you need to do is to add a collider to the object you want to attach the cloth to. Make sure the cloth mesh and the collider overlap in some vertices. Then, in the cloth component, expand the "Attached Colliders" field, and set the size to 1 (or how man colliders you want to attach). Expand "Element 0" and Drag the collider object to the "Collider" slot. Thanks! Works perfectly!
Nov 22, 2010 at 06:08 PM
oh so that's what u meant :o, good thing jonas knew then :) Wouldn't have known that.
Nov 22, 2010 at 06:39 PM
(comments are locked)
Hook up the object as a child to the parent ( Drop the "flag cloth" object onto the pole object. An action you can perform in the editor tab named "hierarchy" when your scene and project are loaded. What happens now is that when you change the pole, the same will happen to the "flag cloth". You can specifically add effects or other to child which will not effect the parent (like wind blowing through it) if you want for the future. The cloth might be the pole's child, but it still won't achieve an "attached" effect.
Nov 22, 2010 at 06:08 PM
(comments are locked)


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■ free shipping ■ on two charges for pulling even free ■ LaTeX pillow small Is here! LaTeX pillow Hotel types Is here! ■ free shipping ■ on two charges for pulling even free ■ About 1 week to ship ~ 10 days will be charged for your time. Please be forewarned. |
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And care | Not only cover washing-friendly body wash |
Remarks | * 30 Days-will be satisfied in the 60 days you must smell for use natural rubber. Not to * your allergic to LaTeX. If, please accept a doctor immediately, and discontinue use if abnormality is caused in the body. |
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Ads responsibility | Room and ALC NET comments for a Shiseido ) 0120-65-4410 |
JP Post EMS | Your order will be shipped to you via Japan Post EMS. Japan Post is a speedy delivery service that delivers to more than 120 countries. With an effective tracking system and insurance program, EMS is able to offer a secure delivery worldwide. You can track your package with the tracking code provided and it will be delivered within a week. See estimated shipping fee |
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Apple Crostata with Crystallized Ginger
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A soccer club's alternate kit is never as popular as its home or away kit, and some clubs don't even have a third jersey.
Of the 20 teams competing in the Premier League this season, 11 have alternate uniforms, but only six teams have made theirs available to the public so far, including Liverpool and Manchester United.
The rest of the teams should reveal their third kits within the coming weeks, especially since the 2014-15 season has started.
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Kentucky-Arkansas Hoops Set For CBS MLS Set For Three Days Of CBA Talks NFL Hires Chief Republican Lobbyist Hisense To Invest More In NASCAR Earthquakes To Debut New Stadium MLBAM Launches MLB At Bat Update Classified Advertisements Ovechkin Signs With Fanatics Authentic Weekend Plans With NBC's Jim Bell Fresno State Gets Fresh Start With Bartko
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Banking on Buffet: Venues Offer All-You-Can-Eat Seating
SOUTHERN FRIED: Lowe's Motor Speedway (LMS) is selling all-you-can eat grandstand tickets for the NASCAR Nextel Cup Bank of America 500 on October 13 (LMS). In Charlotte, Tom Sorensen noted LMS is the first NASCAR track to offer an all-you-can-eat program and called it "a brilliant move." Seats in the grandstand, made up of three sections overlooking Turn 2, are $59, $79, $89 and $99 (CHARLOTTE OBSERVER, 9/5).
Saratoga Summer Meet Up $34M Over Last Season
Saratoga Race Course's summer meet, "which benefited from six weeks of fabulous weather, was hugely successful," according to Paul Moran of NEWSDAY. Total betting handle surpassed the '06 total by $34M, with $10M of that wagered on-track by crowds that averaged about 27,000 a day (NEWSDAY, 9/4).
DEL MAR: The first Polytrack season at Del Mar ended with 11 horses euthanized as the result of injuries: six on the Polytrack and five on the turf course. There were 18 fatalities in '06: 14 on the dirt track and four on the turf. Meanwhile, on-track attendance and handle were up 0.4% and 1.2%, respectively, over '06 and all-sources handle was up 3.3% on a daily average of $13.9M (SAN DIEGO UNION-TRIBUNE, 9/6). The meet's total handle was $601,453,672, "second highest in Del Mar history" (L.A. TIMES, 9/6).
ARLINGTON PARK: In Chicago, Megan Twohey reports wagering on races at Arlington Park has risen 15% since last year to $333M as of August 22, the "highest level in several years." Attendance is expected to reach 800,000 by September 16, up from 655,788 in '06. Arlington Park oddsmaker Joe Kristufek said, "There's a new energy here." Meanwhile, the new Polytrack surface is "winning praise from management, jockeys, trainers and fans." Only 11 horses "have suffered fatal breakdowns" (CHICAGO TRIBUNE, 9/2).


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Ralph Reed "Freeto", worked as an actor from 1938 to 1958. Attended UCLA in 1953. Korean War Veteran, discharged in 1955. Moved to Orange County, California in 1962 and had been in Real Estate for the past 35 years. Burial at El Toro Memorial Park, El Toro, California.
See full bio »
Died:(age 65) in El Toro, California, USA |


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Article Preview
Montana company to build 1-megawatt wind turbine
Published 09/30/2010, Associated Press
BILLINGS, Mont. (AP) — A Colstrip company is getting $2.7 million in stimulus money to construct a one-megawatt wind turbine.
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bus tweets
email: email@example.com News
A celebration of writing and riding
On Monday, November 10th, 4Culture will host a launch party for Poetry on Buses 2014. There will be music and live readings by 36 local poets. See you there?Hear My Bus a Comin'
On Monday, November 19th, at 11:10 AM there will be an unveiling of the bus shelter honoring Seattle's own Jimi Hendrix. The shelter is at 23rd & Massachusetts (in front of NAAM), which is roughly half a block west of Jimi Hendrix Park.-
Recent Posts
In the Bus Bag
An Indigenous Peoples' History of the United States, by Roxanne Dunbar-OrtizSearch
Monthly Archives: April 2006
April Golden Transfer award
Golden Transfers are monthly awards that are granted–by yours truly–to bus riders of distinction. In the future, I hope to give the winners lots of cash and fabulous prizes (including, of course, a sexy t-shirt). For now, all I can offer is a thank you–and five minutes of fame on the Internets.
And so, without further ado, I announce the winners of the inaugural BCTA Golden Transfer award:
Juantonio (aka Tony) and Anita Rush
Tony and Anita moved to the Seattle area from …
Considering a career change?
Yesterday was, apparently, take your daughter/son (or nephew) to work day. This young man (cheeks? check!) was learning how to be a bus driver. Unfortunately, according to his aunt, the lovely (and fortunate–see today's earlier post) woman at the wheel of the 39, there's a bit more to it than taking a nap in the sunniest seat on the bus.
Yesterday I got off the bus…
I can't think of a better reason to ride.
Bus fouls
Last week's Real Change column was all about bus fouls. (What can I say? It's playoff season, and I've got basketball on the brain. Go Pistons!) In case you forgot to buy a Real Change last week, here's the entry:
In the NBA, a player who commits six personal fouls is ejected from the game. A player who accumulates16 technical fouls in a season is suspended (without pay) for a game and then suspended for every other technical foul he commits (the 18th, the 20th, and so on) thereafter. If only Metro would institute similar rules for those …
Thanks, Brian!
Brian Nussbaum, a mechanic from Atlantic Base, is Metro's Vehicle Maintenance Employee of the Year.
"…the vehicle maintenance group plays an important role is attracting riders to Metro's routes by making the system reliable, efficient, and clean. It's not only having clean seats, windows and floors inside the bus, but also running buses that operate with clean-burning fuels and the latest technologies."
How Leah Baltus lost 3,285 lbs.
Leah, a fellow PI blogger, is now a fellow bus chick.
Congratulations, Leah! Welcome to the fold.
Frequently asked questions
One of the best things about riding the bus is that you get to talk to strangers. In my years as a full-time bus chick, I have gotten to know the people I share this city with in a way that would simply not have been possible from the isolated bubble of a car.
One of the worst things about riding the bus is that you get to talk to strangers. Strangers are often annoying, or pushy, or rude. Sometimes, strangers are nosy. Several times a week, I am asked one of the following questions:
Where are you from? …
Earth Day is also a great day for a wedding
My friend San Juanita (known to those who love her as Janie), whom I also met at Rice, fell in love with Washington on a summer visit many years ago. Lucky for me, the fond memories of that visit came back to her when she was planning her wedding, and she decided to get married here.
The wedding was at Snoqualmie Falls (speaking of breathtaking beauty), and, using my trusty Trip Planner, I learned that you can actually get there on the bus. My parents were invited, too, so we cheated and rode with them, but …
Earth Day is a great day to be a bus chick
The single most important thing you can do to reduce your impact on the environment? Drive less. Even if you're not willing (or able) to become a full-fledged bus chick/bus boy, you can still make a difference.
This Earth Day, sign up to participate in the City of Seattle's One Less Car Challenge, and give up one of your cars for a month. Not only will you be helping to reduce pollution (and congestion, and sprawl, and dependence on fossil fuels) in …
Some empathy for those stalker guys
Today I sat across from the cutest baby I have seen on the bus since…Monday. His father moved seats three times. In retrospect, it was probably because I was staring like a kidnapper for the duration of their ride. What can I say? I'm a fan of cheeks.


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Very interesting...
Looks like a lot of fun, I like the videos!
Louise Brown
TravelPod Community Manager
Day 99: Toy Train to Darjeeling
We had First class tickets on the toy train, which was a lot of fun. It basically meant we got cushioned personal seats instead of a plastic bench seat and a funky decorated train car. The tickets were 250 Rs each, about $5. It left at 10:30am and we arrived at around 5pm in Darjeeling.
The train did switch backs up the mountain, so most of the time we actually ended up going backwards. The train ride went through about three different types of terrain. We started in Silliguri in a flat plain with small bushy trees and yellow grass everywhere. Then we started to climb the hill and it instantly turned into a jungle atmosphere, with waterfalls everywhere and plants so big and overgrown that sometimes they slapped me in the face through the window when I wasn't paying attention. When the train had to stop to do the switch back we could reach out and grab the flowers that grew outside the windows; they were all shapes sizes and colors, the boys had fun throwing them at each other.
A young boy decided that he liked us and stood next to us on the train. Except he spoke less Hindi then we do and absolutely no English, so it was more just smiling and laughing at each other. At one point he jumped off the train and then jumped back on in car behind us. Of course a light bulb went off in all the boys' heads that the train was going slow enough that we can get off, run beside it, and then get back on. So we all gave it a try. The train would follow the road for the most part, so we could just run on the road, except sometimes it changed sides and you would be forced to run off a cliff, or a giant ditch would appear. So you had to time it right.
Once we got to Darjeeling we got a jeep to take us to the nearest trekking agency and begged with him to arrange a guide for us for the next day for the Sringalila Ridge Trek (usually you have to give a couple days notice). He finally gave in, and gave us a decent price. It was 650 Rs/person/day. So for a four day trek it was 2600 Rs, or $55. This included three meals a day, water, lodging, two guides, chai breaks, and transportation two and from Darjeeling-we only had to pay extra for entrance to the national park which the trail cut through 100Rs for foreigners. Pretty good deal compared to what you can get in America.
We then checked into Andy's hotel, which is run by a nice older woman, the cheapest room came with free hot water in a bucket and for three people in one room it was 350 Rs. It was really clean and for some reason smelled really nice.
Great trip blog!
You have made me proud of how you're exploring the interesting areas around your base, and how you're confidently poking into places about which you'll have such pleasant memories for the rest of your lives. Thanks for including so many pictures and videos, since they really help bring your comments to life. --wish I was there. The Craft Center holiday auction is December 7, in case you run into a jet-setter who wants hand-crafted gifts from Davis, and will bring you along for the day.
Great pictures, great videos. You guys are crazy jumping off the train like that. It is great to feel like we are part of your adventures, even if we live them from the our cozy chairs. Keep safe, and looking forward to the day you get home.
Love Vicki


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Home » Santa Fund � Donate to help
Santa Fund donations for Monday, Dec. 17, 2012
From Harbor Risk Management, Inc. on behalf of our clients and employees - $1,000.00
In honor of Adam R. Brooks, KIA, Iraq, November 28, 2004 from his loving friend, Michael Murphy - $20.00
In memory of Sr. Chief Daniel Healy, Seal Team 10, KIA, Afghanistan, June 28, 2005, Operation Red Wing from Michael Murphy - $10.00
In loving memory of Albert and Jake - $100.00
Merry Christmas from Alpha Delta Kappa, Alpha Chapter - $42.00
Happy Holidays to all from The Manchester Water Works Sunshine Fund - $75.00
From Centrix Bank & Trust, Board of Directors - $2,000.00
In loving memory our Mom & Grandma from Joel, Margie, Alex & Caroline Beaudette - $100.00
In loving memory of my son, Nathan Michael Barton. Forever alive in my mind and my heart. Love, Mom - $75.00
In Jesus' name from Matthew and Claudette - $25.00
In loving memory of our grandparents, Joseph and Elva Pawlowski from the grandchildren - $30.00
From Public Service of New Hampshire - $2,500.00
In memory of Joanne "Jo Jo" MacIntyre from Timothy Mahoney - $450.00
From The City of Manchester Environmental Protection Division Employees. Merry Christmas - $150.00
Prayers to St. Jude for favor obtained - $50.00
In memory of Mr. & Mrs. Alfred Fortier and Bob & Lee Roberge. We miss you all. Merry Christmas from Simone & Edgar Larochelle - $50.00
To share our blessings with others from the Belangers - $50.00
For Reagan, Alyssa and Erika - $50.00
From a Bedford elf - $100.00
In memory of Mike Roy - $25.00
Merry Christmas and a Happy, Healthy New Year from Lenny & Pat in Bradenton, FL. - $50.00
In memory of loved ones from Charles and Judith Blood - $100.00
Thankful for our grandchildren: Courtney, Tyler, Madison, Griffin, Evan, Cameron, Isabelle, Owen, Autumn, Leah, Chelsey, Madelyn and Emmett from Grampa & Gramy Caswell - $100.00
In loving memory of my cousin, Laurette S. Lafond from Ruth Ann Esch - $25.00
In loving memory of my husband, Frederick J. Esch from Ruth Ann Esch - $25.00
In memory of my mother, Mary Andrews DeVore and aunt, Be Sparks from R. & E. DeVore - $100.00
In memory of our Aunt Joni, Joan Mohan from Jill, Cathy, Rick and Robb - $100.00
In honor of our military service members from the Dexter family - $100.00
I will always love you, Dan. Miss you so much from Judy - $100.00
In memory of my dear friend, Jane Putney Ganem - $25.00
In memory of Jim Finnegan, Jr., from your sister, Kathy - $50.00
In memory of our past loved ones from John & Elaine Frisella - $50.00
In loving memory of our son, Dan Mulroy. We love and miss you from Mom and Dad - $30.00
In loving memory of our dear friends: Marie, Rock, Helen, Sully and Neil from Marilyn and Mac - $25.00
In loving memory of Mildred Long Herlihy, the four K's - $50.00
In loving memory of our dear sister, Kathleen "Kitty Herlihy" Commerford from Pat & Bonnie. We miss you - $50.00
Merry Christmas from Mark & Chrissy Comer - $500.00
Happy Holidays from members of the Bedford Senior Citizens - $75.00
In loving memory of our parents, brothers and sister from Paul and Dolores Gendron - $50.00
In loving memory of Fran & Al Ullrich and Frank Swierz, Sr., from Ginger & Frank Swierz - $50.00
In memory of Kim from Mom and Dad - $125.00
Merry Christmas, Nick - $270.00
Health and happiness in the New Year from Alex and Geraldine Murray - $100.00
In loving memory of my sister, Connie Letendre from her sister - $50.00
Merry Christmas to all those in the military, both past and present from Russell & Jane Beaumont - $50.00
For our family and friends, Merry Christmas to all from Bob & Lorraine - $50.00
In memory of Bob Richardson, Dennis and Gertrude Murphy from John & Charlene Lewandowski - $200.00
In loving memory of Bob and Jane Bennett from Joanie, Dick, John and Robert - $75.00
In loving memory of Mike Andriski from his daughter, Brenda - $25.00
In loving memory of Edward Poirier, Jr., forever in my heart from Brenda - $25.00
Merry Christmas to all and in loving memory of Daddy, Lennie, Mama and Margie from Gina - $20.00
In memory of our parents from Guy and Jeannette Dion - $25.00
In loving memory of my husband, Maurice from his wife - $100.00
In loving memory of Donn R. Inglis and Grammy Marie J. Lallier from Betty, Sharon and Pam - $50.00
In loving memory of Normand & Jeannette Bissonnette from Moe Bissonnette and family - $25.00
In loving memory of our grandparents, Gene & Lucille Boisvert and our uncle, William Boisvert from Shauna & Dominick Smith and Derek Boisvert - $25.00
Today's Total $9,772.00
Previous Total $115,736.65
Total to Date $125,508.65
How to donateSanta Fund donations can be made by completing the online form by clicking "Donate" below or send a check to: THE SANTA FUND You can also drop off the printed form in our newspaper and a donation in the Santa Fund box at the Union Leader, 100 William Loeb Drive in Manchester from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m., Monday through Friday. We will also have a donation drop box at the Intown Manchester Holiday Market on Thursday, November 29 and every Thursday in December. Share a holiday greetingWith your donation, the Union Leader will publish a short holiday message in the newspaper. Just write it up exactly as you would have it appear, printing clearly, and mail it along with your donation. If you prefer to donate online, follow the link on the page following the transaction to submit a Christmas message.
The Union Leader Santa Fund is a community tradition that has supported the Salvation Army for more than 50 years. The Santa Fund was first established at the Post Office Fruit in Manchester after a chance 1959 meeting between the Salvation Army major and the then-editor of the Union Leader. In its first year, the Santa Fund brought in $1,000 to support the Salvation Army�s Christmas effort. Since then, the Santa Fund has raised nearly $6.8 million, thanks to the generosity of the community and local businesses. Santa Fund dollars continue to provide warm clothing, meals and toys during the holidays, as well as support Kids� Caf�, summer camps and other critical programs throughout the year. Last year's drive brought in over $240,000 � thanks to the generosity of local businesses and residents, bringing the lifetime total to nearly $6.8 million. |
- Today's Santa Fund Donor List - 0
- Today's Santa Fund donor list - 0
- Santa Fund Toy Shop helps bring 950 families a merrier Christmas - 0
- Today's Santa Fund donor list - 0
- Crash puts crunch on mom, kids - 0
- How can mom explain why Santa didn't stop? - 0
- No Christmas for Betty's kids without help - 0
- Worker fights to catch up - 0
- Today's Santa Fund donor list - 0
Every donation to the Santa Fund is appreciated
READER COMMENTS: 0- Judge keeps bail high for Nashua man facing armed robbery charges - 0
- Judge rules against Brentwood school officials in suit over budget committee's $650,000 proposed cut - 0
- Man accused of beating Nashua infant now set to face trial this month - 0
- UPDATED: Police say Newmarket father admitted punching baby out of frustration - 7
- Seven displaced in Manchester fire - 0
- Nigerian living in N.J. sentenced in NH ATM sting - 1
- Medicaid waiver approved for expansion in NH - 0
- Exeter student charged with selling explicit photos of female classmates - 1
- Consultant: Parking at Mill West adequate - 1


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Baby Name Poll Results
Vander vs. Brooks vs. Henry
Trying to find the perfect name for our baby boy!
The Top Baby Name is...
Name | Votes |
Vander | 0% (0 votes) |
Brooks | 60% (6 votes) |
Henry | 40% (4 votes) |
Post a Comment:
Please keep your comments positive and helpful.Even if you don't like the names. Thanks!
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contact email@example.com.


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Police chase prisoner after court escapePolice said they chased a prisoner around the city Friday afternoon after he escaped from the courthouse on Merchants Row.
Joshua Rheaume was leaving court following a hearing on a motion for pretrial home detention when he escaped from the Rutland County Sheriffs Department deputies who were escorting him back to the jail, according to Sheriff Steve Benard.
Rheaume was recaptured a short time later.
He got away from the guys at the sally port, Benard said. My understanding is he slipped a leg iron and chase ensued. ... He was caught up to on Pine Street, they lost him and caught up to him again on Evelyn Street.
Benard said one of the officers giving chase, Lt. Craig Hanson, suffered bruises to his hands while struggling with Rheaume, but no one else was hurt. He said he was unsure what charges Rheaume would face due to the incident.
Weve got the whole weekend to figure that out, Benard said. I would assume he would be charged with escape.
Sgt. Matthew Prouty of the Rutland City Police said that Rheaume tried to get into a number of cars as he fled, and that police wanted to hear from anyone he may have accosted during that effort.
Possibly more charges could be coming from this, Prouty said. We dont know if he made threats. We would like those people to come forward.
Prouty said anyone who encountered Rheaume should call him at 773-1816.
Rheaume is already facing a domestic assault charge, two charges of operating vehicles without owner consent and a charge of possessing stolen goods.
When he was arrested in May, prosecutors said he had four previous felony convictions in Vermont, making him eligible to be charged as a habitual offender, which carries a potential lifetime jail sentence.
Benard said his department would conduct an internal investigation of the circumstances of the escape.
Obviously, a situation like this will cause us to review our policies, he said.
email@example.com IN Local & StateBRANDON Last year, Brandon was the last town in the state to pass its municipal budget,... Full StoryRutland Town voters approved a $700,000 highway garage and other measures to spend a recently... Full StoryResults of the 2015 mayoral race. Full Story -
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- ON THIS DAY in 1843, British Captain, later Admiral GEORGE LORD PAULET convinces Hawaii's King Kamehameha III to cede islands to UK; 1866, California miners find Calaveras skull, convince state geoloist find has allegedly been buried for 5 million years.
- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day 1739, 'Richard Palmer' identified in prison at York Castle as the notorious outlaw DICK TURPIN; IN 1836, Battle of the Alamo begins near San Antonio de Bexar, Texas; 1896, the Tootsie Roll invented by LEO HIRSCHFELD.
- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day in 1472, Orkney, Shetland islands put up as collateral by Norway to Scotland in lieu of dowry for MARGARET OF DENMARK on her marriage with JAMES III, king of Scotland; 1962, JOHN GLENN first American to orbit Earth.
- TOMORROW'S HEADLINES TODAY: City mayoral candidates debate campaign issues; Hartford, Conn., woman still missing; Neal Goswami reports attempts to legislate suicide; local woman loses 100 pounds through TOPS program.
- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day in 1878, JOHN TUNSTALL murdered near Lincoln, New Mexico, by the outlaw JESSE EVANS; in 1930, ELM FARM OLLIE first cow to fly in aircraft, first to be milked airborne; 1955, nuke test WASP; '79, snow in Sahara.
- TOMORROW'S HEADLINES TODAY: Rutland Herald News Editor Alan J. Keays and staff writer Gordon Dritschilo discuss stories planned for the February 18, 2015, edition of the newspaper: Winter budgets maxed, legal marijuana, Springfield bank job, USPS slowdown


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Keep up to date with the latest news and content from BMC Neurology and BioMed Central.
Robert Zivadinov*, Yuval Karmon, Kresimir Dolic, Jesper Hagemeier, Karen Marr, Vesela Valnarov, Cheryl L Kennedy, David Hojnacki, Ellen M Carl, L Nelson Hopkins, Elad I Levy, Bianca Weinstock-Guttman and Adnan H Siddiqui
* Corresponding author: Robert Zivadinov firstname.lastname@example.com
BMC Neurology 2013, 13:151 doi:10.1186/1471-2377-13-151
PubMed Commons is an experimental system of commenting on PubMed abstracts, introduced in October 2013. Comments are displayed on the abstract page, but during the initial closed pilot, only registered users can read or post comments. Any researcher who is listed as an author of an article indexed by PubMed is entitled to participate in the pilot. If you would like to participate and need an invitation, please email firstname.lastname@example.com, giving the PubMed ID of an article on which you are an author. For more information, see the PubMed Commons FAQ.
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Norwegian Cruise president resigns; sales vet appointed as replacement
Norwegian Cruise Line has named company sales veteran Andy Stuart as president and chief operating officer after the sudden resignation of an executive who held the role for only a few months.
Report projects big jump in Chinese visitors to New York and Los Angeles
The surge in visitors from China will continue into the next few years, with New York and Los Angeles expected to see a nearly 200 percent increase in travelers from the world's most populous country, according to a new study.
Experiencing 10 baseball tales in one month: A spring training road trip
Spring training is a special experience, and it's not just about baseball. Sure, it helps if you like the sport, but between food, atmosphere and nearby attractions, there is something for everyone when 15 Major League Baseball teams call Florida home.
What to do (and don't) in Edinburgh, Scotland
If you are fortunate enough to travel to the British Isles for a week, do as I say, not as I did.
Royal Caribbean's newest Oasis-class ship to become world's largest
The biggest cruise ships in the world are getting a bigger sister next year, and Royal Caribbean has given her a name, Harmony of the Seas.
Travel deal: Explore ancient ruins in Peru
The deal: JW Marriott El Convento Cusco in Peru is offering the "More Than Machu Picchu" package.
Many club members clueless about Delta, United frequent-flier changes
Two of the nation's largest airlines, United and Delta, have adopted major changes to their loyalty reward programs that experts say will benefit the airlines at the expense of passengers. But most reward program members are unaware of the changes, a survey found.
Weekend getaway to scenic Sebastopol
Gotta love a town that supposedly earned its name in an 1850s bar fight - something about likening the brawl to the British siege of the seaport of Sevastopol during the Crimean War. Clearly, folks were up on global events back then, despite no broadband service.
Travel to 'Planet Cuba' to see a nation in flux
Young adults gathered outside the large front windows of the opulent Hotel Parque Central, in the cultural core of Old Havana. Many wore designer jeans. They raised their arms high. For a moment, I thought they were holding lit matches, rock-concert style. Then I moved close to see what glowed in...


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MJM Magic is definitely the leader when it comes to online magic shops. My questions were answered in a prompt and friendly manner. I received update...Read More ->
If IMDB is the best movie database on the net, then surely MJM Magic is the best online magic shop on earth! Not only the competitive price, lifetime...Read More ->


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Debt Settlement Deals Come With Big Risks
NEW YORK (TheStreet) -- On the surface, debt settlement deals sound like an answer to a financially struggling consumer's dream.
You can cut a deal with a lender to pay a lump sum -- usually well below the actual amount of the debt -- and remove that debt from your life forever.
But up to 80% of all debt settlement deals may never close, no matter what the lender or creditor says, and many debt settlement deals leave consumers owing more money.
A study from the Washington, D.C.-based Center for Responsible Lending clarifies the risk associated with the deals, especially when working with third-part debt settlement companies, and concludes that such deals represent a "risky strategy" for consumers that often leaves them "more financially vulnerable."
Also see: Bank Savings Low, Americans Dip Into Retirement Savings "The idea is simple: Debt settlement companies offer to negotiate down the outstanding debt (usually from credit cards) owed to a more manageable amount so that a consumer can become debt free," the CRL says. "Unfortunately, debt settlement carries significant risks that may result in consumers becoming even worse off." The list of things that can go wrong is lengthy, the study finds. Lower credit scores, high fees, rising interest rates, tax liability and potential lawsuits are all on the docket when considering a deal. Some creditors refuse to negotiate with debt settlement companies, and the CRL says consumers must be able to settle "at least two-thirds of the debt they enroll in a debt settlement program" to see a benefit. Even after dealing with all of those potential pitfalls, there still is no guarantee the consumer won't fall back into default, leaving a bigger financial mess to clean up. Also see: 7 Steps to Better Credit for the 40% Who Don't Understand Their Score "The implications of defaulting on debt are not to be taken lightly," says Leslie Parrish, co-author of the report and a research director at CRL. "When a consumer stops making payments on a debt, not only is she vulnerable to fees and an increased interest rate, the reporting of this delinquency to credit bureaus can impact her credit score for years; she also may be sued by her creditor." The Center reports that a consumer, on average, winds up owing more than 20% more than he or she did before, after participating in a debt settlement program. That's the debt balance alone and does not include fees and any potential tax liability linked to a debt settlement deal. The Center calls for the government, via the Federal Trade Commission, to step in and get more aggressive about debt settlement deals and debt settlement companies. The CRL also is asking individual states to step in and make sure all debt settlement companies are regulated, and for potential customers to make sure they are good candidates for a debt restructuring campaign.Check Out Our Best Services for Investors
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This switch mounts on the inside frame of your cabinet door or closet door, turning on the light when the door is opened, and off when the door is closed. It's a great energy-saving option for poorly lit closets and cabinets, as well as pantries, root cellars and crawl spaces.
- Door open - light on
- Door closed - light off
- Easy surface-mount installation
- Compatible with all Hafele Loox LED lights and drivers
Tech Spec
Brand | Loox |
Manufacturer Part Number | 498.52.980 |
Weight (lbs) | 0.7500 |
Technical Details:
- Contact rating (W): 0-75
- Length: 1-1/8''
- Diameter: 1/2''
What's included:
(1) Mounting Bracket


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Reviews for The Haunting |
Jon Berkley chapter 1 . 7/10/2012 This is pretty good. Excuse my ignorance, but did things like this really happen? I mean, I heard of black people getting beaten/killed, in the 1950's, but did big massacares and child murders like this happen? (I'm not from U.S.A) |


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"Traditions Fields" Port Saint Lucie by tn123
Port Saint Lucie Travel Guide: 8 reviews and 10 photos
My boyfriend and I are huge Mets fans. We drove here to Port St. Lucie during our Florida vacation to catch a their spring training. We only spent a day here but none the less, if you're a baseball fan, you should definitely try to catch a spring training game.
I love that the ball park was so small and intimate. You can literally hear a baby crying on the other side. We got seats by the right out fields but with the ball park being so small, it was still rather close. The major players didn't seem to try their hardest but it was still a great ball day.
Reviews (1)
Definitely catch a spring training game if you're a huge baseball fan. Lots of baseball teams have their spring training... more travel advice
Have you been to Port Saint Lucie? Share your travels with the world!
Port Saint Lucie Travel Guide
Member Travel Pages
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Infrared Satellite
Marblemount, WA 98267
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Hanson begins his first year as BSU-NTC president
Published 08/26/2010, Bemidji Pioneer
He has more height and build than half the players on the Bemidji State University football team and yet there's still a good chance new BSU-NTC President Richard Hanson will be carried off into Lake Bemidji should the team win their Homecoming football game this fall.
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