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US 6485993 B2 Abstract A method for making optoelectronic devices with interdigitated arrays of photonic devices is disclosed wherein an array of first type photonic devices and sacrificial device(s) is hybridized to a driver circuitry substrate, the sacrificial devices are removed, and an array of second type photonic devices is hybridized into the spaces left by removal of the sacrificial devices.
Claims(13) 1. A method of making a hybrid optoelectronic device, the method comprising:
hybridizing a first substrate and a second substrate, said second substrate including at least one first type optical device and at least one sacrificial device;
introducing a first flowable hardenable material to join said first and second substrates;
curing said first flowable hardenable material;
removing said second substrate;
removing said at least one sacrificial device;
hybridizing said first substrate and a third substrate, said third substrate including at least one second type optical device;
introducing a second flowable hardenable material to join said first and third substrates;
curing said second flowable hardenable material; and
removing said third substrate.
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Description This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/168,493, filed Dec. 2, 1999. This invention relates to optical communication systems and more particularly to a process for making optical transceiver arrays. Optical couplers are now used to communicate optical signals over short and long distances between, for example, two computers, two circuit boards in one computer, and even two different chips on the same circuit board. Integrated circuit technology that enables bi-directional, high-speed optical rather than electrical interconnections has been developed. This technology allows laser emitters and detectors to be integrated onto a semiconductor substrate, making electrical connection with electronic circuitry previously built on that substrate. Thus, optical rather than electrical communications between electronic devices is accomplished. An optical transmitter-receiver module, or optoelectronic device, typically includes both light emitting devices such as vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) and light detecting devices such as photodiodes. Such a module more typically may include separate chips, or the VCSELs and the photodiodes may be grown on the same substrate. See U.S. Pat. No. 5,978,401 incorporated herein by this reference. Driver-receiver circuit modules, typically in the form of ASIC chips, include driver circuitry which receives electrical signals from an electronic device and drives the VCSELs accordingly. The ASIC chips also include receiver circuitry for receiving signals from the photodiodes and processes those electrical signals providing an appropriate output to the associated electronic device. The combination of the VCSELs and the photodiodes and the ASIC circuitry is typically called an optical transceiver. One way to hybridize the VCSELs and the photodiodes and the ASIC receiver circuitry is by flip-chip bonding. See U.S. Pat. No. 5,858,814, incorporated herein by this reference. These different types of photonic devices, e.g., emitters and detectors, however, have very different epitaxial layer constructions and physical dimensions, and it is not economically feasible to grow such dissimilar devices on the same substrate. Therefore, separate growth steps must be performed for each device type. This method, in turn, restricts the number of different device types integrated onto the same silicon substrate. It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a method for making a hybrid optoelectronic device with multiple types of photonic devices, such as emitters and detectors, integrated on the same silicon substrate. It is a further object of this invention to provide a method of making a hybrid optoelectronic device with multiple types of photonic devices interdigitated on the same silicon substrate. This invention results from the realization that an interdigitated array of photonic devices with at least two different photonic devices of different physical and epitaxial layer construction, can be produced with good electrical and mechanical interconnections by using a multistep hybridization process including the use of sacrificial, or dummy, devices in at least a first array of photonic devices. The sacrificial devices are removed before a second array of photonic devices is hydridized with the first array. The present invention provides a method of making a hybrid optoelectronic device. The primary steps are hybridizing a first substrate and a second substrate, the second substrate including at least one first optical device and at least one sacrificial device and introducing a first flowable hardenable material to join the first and second substrates. The first flowable hardenable material is then cured. The second substrate is then removed as is the at least one sacrificial device. The method also includes hybridizing the first substrate and a third substrate, the third substrate including at least one second optical device; introducing a second flowable hardenable material to join the first and third substrates; curing the second flowable hardenable material; and removing the third substrate. The first substrate material may be silicon. The second and third substrate materials may be GaAs. The flowable hardenable materials may be curable epoxy resins. The photonic devices may be emitters, transmitters and/or modulators. Modulators may be reflective, transmissive or absorptive and may modulate a received signal based on amplitude, wavelength or phase. Other objects, features and advantages will occur to those skilled in the art from the following description of a preferred embodiment and the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a silicon substrate and a first GaAs substrate, with first optical and sacrificial devices thereon, before hybridization. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the substrates of FIG. 1 after hybridization. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the hybridized substrates of FIG. 2 after a first flowable hardenable material has been introduced. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the device of FIG. 3 after mechanical lapping to remove most of the first GaAs substrate. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the device of FIG. 4 after etching to remove the remainder of the first GaAs substrate. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the device of FIG. 5 after removal of the etch stop layer. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the device of FIG. 6 with a process mask applied thereto. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the device of FIG. 7 after removal of the sacrificial devices. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the device of FIG. 8 with a second GaAs substrate, with second optical devices thereon, before hybridization. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view after hybridization of the second GaAs substrate. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the device of FIG. 10 after introduction of a second flowable hardenable material. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the device of FIG. 11 after removal of most of the second GaAs substrate. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the device of FIG. 12 after removal of the remainder of the second GaAs substrate. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the device of FIG. 13 with a process mask applied. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the device of FIG. 14 after removal of epoxy from the first optical devices and the second etch stop layer over the second optical devices. As shown in FIG. 1, silicon substrate 10, with driver circuitry (not shown), has metal bonding pads 12 and solder bumps 14 formed on one surface thereof. GaAs substrate 20 has emitters 22 and sacrificial devices 24 grown epitaxially on one surface thereof. Emitters 22 and sacrificial devices 24 also have solder bumps 26 formed thereon which align with solder bumps 14 on silicon substrate 10. Emitters 22 are identical, having been grown on the same GaAs substrate with the same epitaxial layer construction. Similarly, sacrificial devices 24 have the same epitaxial layer construction. While substrate 20 is preferably GaAs, it may be of any material compatible with the growth of epitaxial layers of III-V materials that support light emission, such as GaAs or InP. This includes II-V materials, sapphire and organic polymers. The emitter attachment step is performed by pressing GaAs substrate 20 and silicon substrate 10 together as shown in FIG. 2. During this process, the surfaces of solder bumps 14 interlock with the corresponding solder bumps 26, thereby developing a low electrical resistance, mechanically stable connection in each aligned solder bump pair. This process is also referred to as �hybridizing.� After the pressing step is complete, a flowable hardenable material 30 (FIG. 3), such as an epoxy resin, is introduced into the spaces between and around emitters 22 and sacrificial devices 24. Flowable hardenable material 30 provides physical stability for emitters 22 during the subsequent processing steps. Once flowable hardenable material 30 is introduced, it is cured as appropriate, such as exposure to UV light if a UV-curable epoxy resin is used. Next, the bulk of substrate 20 is removed using a mechanical lapping process or other suitable mechanical process, as shown in FIG. 4. Preferably, the thickness of substrate 20 remaining after the mechanical lapping process is complete is in the range of 10 to 50 microns. The mechanical lapping process also leaves polished epoxy standoff 40, which can be used to attach faceplates or microlens to the finished optical transceiver device. A selective dry chemical etch is then used to remove the rest of substrate 20 as shown in FIG. 5. Various dry etch formulations enable selective removal of semiconductor material. For example, to remove a GaAs substrate, a dry etch composition consisting of SiCl4/SF6 can be used. The dry etch process is complete when etch stop layer 50 is reached. Etch stop layer 50 is composed of material which is not susceptible to dry etching by the dry etch composition used to remove substrate 20. A separate dry etch step is used to remove etch stop 50, as shown in FIG. 6. Again, the dry etch composition selected removes only etch stop layer 50, leaving GaAs layer 60 exposed. As shown in FIG. 7, process mask 70 is placed over the top surface of the devices. Process mask 70 protects emitters 22 but has openings 72 that expose sacrificial devices 24. Openings 72 allow a selective wet chemical etch to remove sacrificial devices 24. This wet chemical etch does not remove solder bumps 26 or epoxy 30, as shown in FIG. 8. Typical compositions for the wet chemical etch would include Br2 and HBr. FIG. 9 shows GaAs substrate 90, with photonic devices 92 grown thereupon. Photonic devices 92 are typically detectors or photodiodes. These detectors are typically shorter in height than emitters 22. To accommodate for this height difference, solder bumps 94, in combination with solder bumps 14 and 26 remaining after sacrificial devices 24 were removed, are provided with the appropriate height. Substrate 90 is pressed together with substrate 10 such that solder bumps 94 interlock with solder bumps 14 and 26 and is intended to form a good electrical and mechanical contact, as shown in FIG. 10. Flowable hardenable material 100, FIG. 11, is then introduced in the spaces between and around detectors 92 and flowable hardenable material 30. Flowable hardenable materials 30 and 100 may be the same composition or may differ in composition. Flowable hardenable material 100 is then cured by appropriate means once it is introduced, as for example, by UV light if a UV-curable epoxy is used. After curing, flowable hardenable material 100 provides mechanical stability for detectors 92. A mechanical process, such as lapping, is used to reduce the thickness of substrate 90 to a range of about 30 to 50 microns, as shown in FIG. 12. A selective dry chemical etch is then used to remove the rest of substrate 90. Etch stop layer 110, FIG. 13, prevents the dry chemical etch advancing beyond that layer. A second process mask 120, shown in FIG. 14, is placed over the integrated device to protect detectors 92 during a dry chemical etch which removes epoxy 100 and etch stop 110 from above detectors 92. FIG. 15 illustrates the finished device 120. Anti-reflection coating 122 may be optionally applied to detectors 92 to allow light to enter the detector with minimum loss. This may help improve performance in some systems. While the process has been described with respect to an interdigitated array of emitters and detectors in a hybrid Si/GaAs chip technology, it is possible to use this method for any number of types of photonic devices in other hybrid material chip technologies. For example, photonic devices such as modulators could be used. These modulators may be transmissive, reflective or absorptive and may modulate the amplitude, wavelength or phase of the received signal. Also, although the process has been described with respect to interdigitation of two different optical type devices, namely emitters and detectors, the process is expandable to three or more different types of optical devices in the same optoelectronic device. The sacrificial devices may also be of exactly the same structure as the photonic devices. The photolithographic masking step will serve to protect the photonic devices to remain as part of the optoelectronic device while allowing the sacrificial devices to be removed. Thus, although specific features of the invention are shown in some drawings and not in others, this is for convenience only as each feature may be combined with any or all of the other features in accordance with the invention. The words �including�, �comprising�, �having�, and �with� as used herein are to be interpreted broadly and comprehensively and are not limited to any physical interconnection. Moreover, any embodiments disclosed in the subject application are not to be taken as the only possible embodiments. Moreover, other embodiments will occur to those skilled in the art and are within the following claims: Patent Citations
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A no-brainer: Colleges must allow service recruiters on campus
Perhaps the Supreme Court needs a file labeled "N.B.'s" It would be for "No-Brainers." That's where the recent issue concerning efforts to ban military recruiters from law school campuses should have been filed. As in "waste basket." Some law schools...Please log in to see full story.
Published in Editorials on March 9, 2006 10:54 AM

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Ancient Mayan Music & Aztec Dances
Sat, Mar 16, 2013
Times: 8 PM
Venue: Zeiterion Theatre
684 Purchase Street, New Bedford, MA 02740
0 people saved this
Travel back in time with Xavier Quijas Yxayotl's: Mayan Music and Aztec Dances for an authentic experience of Mesoamerica's vibrant and mystical ancient culture. Master musicians and Aztec dancers who have mastered both the art of the intensely physical dances and the handicraft of exquisite colorful costuming, together create a riveting and enthralling experience rich in spectacular color and history.
5 Fabulous + Fun Things to Do on Martha's Vineyard in the "Off-Season"
Because really, the "off-season" on Martha's Vineyard is actually on. Sure, the Island...
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1999 Mezzo Giorno Pasqua & Fazio, Nero d'Avola Cabernet Sauvignon, Sicily,
Vintage: | 1999 |
Date tasted: | 17 January 2004 |
Price when tasted: | £5.19 (US$7.40) |
Tasting notes

intense blackcurrant flavours
a length that lasts

 This wine is an example of the new wave in Sicilian winemaking. It is produced exclusively to appeal to the UK market, using international grape varieties. Richly intense, with inky b


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sidewalk is sunken
The issue you reported to Pinellas County - SeeClickFix, has been forwarded to Florida Department of Transportation and they will inspect the location and take any necessary action. Thank you for your input!
Why was this reported to FDOT? Sunset point road is a pinellas county roadway
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AC/DC Tribute Band Bonfire
Full Price
$13.00 - $15.00
Our Price
Known for their hard-rocking live shows and lead singer Sean Mulvihill's uncanny mimicry of AC/DC original frontman, the late, great Bon Scott, AC/DC tribute band Bonfire lights up Saint Rocke. Bonfire has played shows all over the Southwest since 2001. They're the closest thing to seeing early AC/DC in their prime, and they've been honored with a 2012 Los Angeles Music Award nomination for Best Tribute Band. See them play classic tunes like "TNT," "Highway to Hell" and "Dirty Deeds Done Dirt Cheap."
* Additional fees apply. No coupon or promo codes necessary to enjoy the displayed discount price.
All offers for AC/DC Tribute Band Bonfire have expired.
The last date listed for AC/DC Tribute Band Bonfire was Saturday July 19, 2014 / 9:00pm (Doors Open at 6:00pm).
Currently at Saint Rocke
The Greatest in '70s Rock: A Tribute to The Who and Heart
- Full Price:
- $12.00
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If you were the imagine the greatest double bill of 1970's rock, one of the combinations you migh … More
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Featured review from Goldstar Member
view more less of this reviewThey were great !!
I can't imagine anyone doing a better job of impersonating AC/DC
they were as good as it gets!!!
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July 19, 2014 — Special Guest: State of Grace


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How to Paint Furniture: 19 Upcycled Furniture Projects from DecoArt
Bonus: Get our newsletter & special offers for free. We will not share or sell your email address. View our Privacy Policy
Vibrant String Art
Make your words stand out (literally!) with this Vibrant String Art. This is a great project to help you use up your yarn scraps and create lovely home decor all at the same time. You can spell whatever word you'd like...all you need is yarn and some sturdy pins or nails.
- Threading Water Border Punch
- Scalloped Sentiment Border Punch
- Cutting Mat (24" x 36")
- MDF board
- Cardstock
- Hammer
- 1 ¼" Finishing Nails
- Embroidery Floss
- Word Processing Program
- Printer
- Computer Paper
Start out by cutting a variety of textures of cardstock in various shades of pink to 1 ½" x 12". Use your border punches to add a decorative border along one of the 12" sides. Cut a total of 27 strips. Punch all but one of the strips.
Adhere the un-punched strip to the bottom edge of your surface. Layer the remaining strips, overlapping one another to cover the entire surface of the board.
Use your detail knife to trim off any overhang around the other three edges.
Use your word processing program to enlarge your favorite font to create 4" letters for the letters 'L, V, and E'. Print them off and cut them out to use as a template. Trace them onto cardstock and cut out. Also, trace the largest heart from the Heart Shapes Template onto cardstock and cut out.
Arrange heart and letters how you like them spaced and adhere to the border strips.
Start nailing nails into your board. It's best to start nailing at the points of each letter and then fill in the space in between. Keeping an exact measurement for the space between each nail isn't necessary.
Once all the nails are in, tie embroidery floss in a knot onto a single nail and start weaving the floss around the nails to fill in the shape. You can make the stringing as dense as possible or leave it simple to allow the color and texture of the cardstock to show through. Once done stringing a particular color knot the floss off again and clip the tail of the floss close to the knot.
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National Survey of Latinos, 2007
See more in United States; Immigration
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Analysts will study Florida's primary to gauge the strength of the Hispanic vote and the significance of immigration at the polls.
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Immigration remains high among voters' concerns, but presidential caucuses and primaries don't yet provide a clear sense of the issue's weight.
See more in United States; Immigration; Elections
Ryan Lizza in the New Yorker writes that "the emergence of Tancredoism" in the immigration debate among frontrunning Republican candidates for president is a surprising development and indicates one more way in which GOP faithful are rejecting George W. Bush's approach to the issue.
See more in Immigration; United States; Elections
This debate between Republican candidates was held at the University of Miami in Florida. Questions were asked in Spanish and simultaneously translated into English. It was broadcast by Univision; this transcript was provided by the Wall Street Journal.
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Max Boot argues that "it is hard to see how immigration, legal or otherwise, has put a damper on the economy. Quite the reverse: Immigrants contribute significantly to economic growth."
See more in Elections; Immigration
The Center for American Progress report argues for the necessity of an immigration reform that not only creates a well-regulated, legal, global labor market but also protects U.S. workers.
See more in Labor; Immigration
U.S. immigration reform has become a rogue political issue, inflaming passions from local town boards to the presidential campaign trail.
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Two experts debate the extent to which U.S. security is affected by immigration.
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The article discusses how the Democratic party is losing its supporters on the immigration issue.
See more in United States; Elections; Immigration
This article discusses why environmental groups have been slow to fight the border wall.
See more in Mexico; Border and Port Security; Immigration
See more in Elections; Immigration
Patrick J. Buchanan's State of Emergency: The Third World Invasion and Conquest of America highlights important issues in the immigration debate, and takes a look at how we might begin to address them.
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Prospects for immigration reform have failed, and mostly because many of the proposed reforms had already been tried, unsuccessfully, with the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act. If amnesty is no longer possible, we should instead work to raise the comfort level of immigrants closer to levels of what citizenship brings, argues Jagdish Bhagwati.
See more in United States; Immigration
Without a common policy on migration, Europe is struggling to accommodate rising levels of immigrants from Africa.
See more in Immigration; Africa (sub-Saharan); EU
With the volume of illegal immigrants flowing across the U.S. border fueling an emotional debate in Washington, the impact of immigration policy on foreign health workers has been overshadowed.
See more in Immigration; United States; Health; Labor
Mexican President Felipe Calderon has surprised many with his bold crackdown on drug violence and his ability to push reforms through the legislature.
See more in Immigration; Drug Trafficking and Control; Economic Development; Mexico
The Republican Party prides itself on understanding globalization when it comes to capital flows or trade, but the debate on immigration reform in the United States shows that Democrats may be supplanting Republicans as the grown-ups on this issue.
See more in Immigration; Elections; United States
See more in Immigration; Congresses, Parliaments, National Legislatures; United States
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Campbell evaluates the implications of the Boko Haram insurgency and recommends that the United States support Nigerian efforts to address the drivers of Boko Haram, such as poverty and corruption, and to foster stronger ties with Nigerian civil society.
Koblentz argues that the United States should work with other nuclear-armed states to manage threats to nuclear stability in the near term and establish processes for multilateral arms control efforts over the longer term.
The authors argue that it is essential to begin working now to expand and establish rules and norms governing armed drones, thereby creating standards of behavior that other countries will be more likely to follow.
Smith's insightful book explores the policy issues testing the Japanese government as it tries to navigate its relationship with an advancing China. More
This revolutionary new look at volatility and crisis in oil markets explores the conditions in which oil supply fears arise, gain popularity, and eventually wane. More
Maximalist finds lessons in the past that anticipate and clarify our chaotic present, revealing the history of U.S. foreign policy in an unexpected new light. More
Learn more about CFR�s mission and its work over the past year in the 2014 Annual Report. The Annual Report spotlights new initiatives, high-profile events, and authoritative scholarship from CFR experts, and includes a message from CFR President Richard N. Haass.
Read and download »


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Upgrade your car audio and video systems at NCIX for the best deals on car audio, car speakers, car video, amplifiers & stereos at the best place in Canada for car stereo deck and players.
If you are looking to buy car audio equipment in Canada then NCIX has cheap affordable car stereo and car speakers for car audio and car video equipment. At NCIX you can buy a wide range of car audio equipment like DVD/CD receivers, GPS systems, wiring & install kits, speakers, antennas, and DVD players for cars like the Jensen Phase Linear UV8 7IN IN-DASH DVD receiver IR remote aux input car stereo.
Shop at Canada's leading online consumer electronic store, online computer store and best place in Canada to buy a tablet PC as well as low priced car audio equipment and the place in Canada for comparison shop for car audio.
NCIX has the best car stereos, satellite radios, and mobile and in-dash DVD players at the online car audio store in to shop for our car speakers, amplifiers, and other audio/video equipment at discount prices.


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Found the same room at a different price? Tell us, and we'll offer to match it.
Coppid Beech Hotel
4 | Self Classified Hotel | Ratings explained |
The Coppid Beech hotel has 205 en-suite bedrooms, including 19 suites and a full range of in-room facilities. All rooms are designed to superb standards of comfort and convenience with the perfect balance between junior and executive suites, superior executive rooms, double, twin and family rooms. The spacious bedrooms are air-conditioned and equipped with amenities including TV, phone, and hospitality tray. Many rooms have a private terrace.
The hotel also offers 11 conferencing suites, Waves Health and Fitness Club, which includes a 12.5m swimming pool, sauna, Jacuzzi and steam room, and Venus Beauty where guests can pamper themselves with one of the many luxurious, self-indulgent treatments.
The award winning Rowans restaurant offers a distinctive and relaxed dining experience. The Keller, based on an Austrian Bier Keller, is an informal bar that offers brasserie style dining, big screen coverage of major sporting events and great music and Apres, the hotel's in house nightclub, admits strictly over 25's and plays a broad spectrum of music.
The Coppid Beech hotel offer all guests complimentary WIFI and on-site private parking.


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Earn awards by posting, commenting, and reacting!
These awards signify your contribution to BuzzFeed by making kickass posts that got shared all over the web.
Something renteas posted got over 100 views from Reddit! It's totally blowing up! renteas is, like, totally viral right now. (Except not as gross as that sounds.)
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Microfiber Cleaning System October 11, 2010 No Comments Rubbermaid Commercial Products proudly introduces the Rubbermaid HYGEN™ System. This new microfiber cleaning system, which traps and holds 95 percent of microorganisms, provides innovative solutions designed for proven superior performanceRead More Tweet
Floor Cleaner October 11, 2010 No Comments Sunburst Chemicals introduces Solid Green 28, a mild, yet effective, biological floor cleaner that contains surfactants to suspend greases and oils and eliminate slippery floors and foul odors. Solid GreenRead More Tweet
Microfiber Mop October 11, 2010 No Comments SwedeClean recently introduced the Smart Twist microfiber mop that makes cleaning hard surface floors a breeze. The Smart Twist microfiber mop utilizes the cleaning power of microfiber and the conceptRead More Tweet
Walk-behind Scrubber October 11, 2010 No Comments The Tennant T3+ and the Nobles Speed Scrub XC walk-behind scrubbers offer customers the choice of two standard sustainable technologies: Tennant''s breakthrough ec-H2O™ technology or Tennant Foam-activated Scrubbing Technology (FaST®).Read More Tweet
Hospital floor care certification seminar to be held in Seattle September 24, 2010 No Comments SEATTLE — The Seattle Children''s Hospital & Regional Medical Center is hosting CMM Master Trainer, author and consultant William Griffin to conduct a special two-day hands-on Floor Care Technician certification seminar for health care facilities.Read More Tweet
Effective Floor Matting September 19, 2010 No Comments Editor''s note: The foul weather that often accompanies wintertime increases the need for preventative hard floor care. An invaluable tool for keeping lobbies, hallways and vestibules clean and dry —Read More Tweet
With Hard Floor Maintenance, Don't Overlook Effective Matting September 19, 2010 Mike Sharlow No Comments When it comes to an effective floor care program, it''s surprising how many building service contractors (BSCs) overlook the importance of proper floor matting. "The use of eco-friendly materials inRead More Tweet
Quick tips: Industrial Floor Care September 19, 2010 Mike Schaffer No Comments Rarely in the commercial cleaning business will you hear the term, "general cleaning." That is because each cleaning task is unique; unique cleaning problems produce unique cleaning solutions. In followingRead More Tweet
Rental mats are hidden treasures September 19, 2010 Mike Sharlow No Comments BSCs are always looking for ways to add additional revenue to their service invoice. Some BSCs choose to supply towels, tissue and soaps for the restroom; others provide add-on services,Read More Tweet
Four Maintenance Stages September 19, 2010 Dane Gregory No Comments Most people do not give maintenance a thought, while maintenance professionals think of nothing else but maintenance. These facts are part of our frustration with selling maintenance programs. Top OfRead More Tweet


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Data released at the American Society of Clinical Oncology's Annual Meeting showed that an experimental new drug, known as an anti-PD-1 treatment, shrunk tumors in patients with several cancers by boosting the body's own immune system. Immunologist James Allison, whose pioneering work contributed to the first FDA-approved immunotherapy drug ipilimumab (Yervoy™), was quoted. Thoracic Oncology Service Chief Mark Kris also commented on the data in CNN.com and medical oncologist Jedd Wolchok was quoted in Nature.
Epidemiologist and physician Peter Bach explored the growing concern about overtesting and overtreating patients due to increased recognition of risks and side effects.
Medical oncologist Yelena Janjigian was interviewed about her patient, Red Hook movie producer Angelica Strong, who is organizing fundraisers to raise awareness and funds for stomach cancer.
Plastic surgeon Andrea Pusic discussed some women's initial aversion to breast reconstruction at the beginning of treatment. Only about a third of women undergo immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy, according to a 2011 analysis in the Annals of Surgical Oncology, with 11.5 percent delaying reconstructive surgery for months or years, and more than half of patients foregoing it altogether.
A study led by molecular epidemiologist Helena Furberg reported the discovery of a gene that predicts smoking behavior. Dr. Furberg noted that the next research step would be to see if currently available smoking cessation medications would work differently in people who carry these genes.
Breast Cancer Medicine Chief Clifford Hudis commented on the connection between obesity and breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women. Cancer researchers believe fat tissue becomes a major source of estrogen, which causes certain types of tumors in the breast to grow.
In collaboration with the American College of Chest Physicians and the American Society of Clinical Oncology, epidemiologist and physician Peter Bach led an effort to develop clinical guidelines for lung cancer screening in smokers. Published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, the guidelines were widely covered by mainstream media, including the Associated Press, Bloomberg, and HealthDay News.
Survivorship Initiative Director Mary McCabe commented on the importance of cancer survivorship programs. She said these programs ensure that cancer survivors receive proper follow-up care and teach survivors how to communicate their needs to their healthcare team.
Medical oncologist Robert Motzer discussed encouraging findings from a phase III study he led comparing the safety and efficacy of two kidney cancer drugs. Dr. Motzer's team found that patients taking the investigational drug tivozanib were half as likely to need a break from the medication due to side effects as patients taking sorafenib (Nexavar®).
Michel Sadelain, Center for Cell Engineering Director, discussed the burgeoning field of adoptive cell transfer (ACT) as a treatment for cancer. Dr. Sadelain, who is involved in several ACT trials at Memorial Sloan Kettering, notes that interest in these types of cell-based therapies is growing, but serious hurdles must be overcome if any form of ACT is to become widely available.
Surgery Department Chair Peter Scardino spoke about biomarkers developed at Memorial Sloan Kettering that, when used together with PSA tests, can reduce the need for prostate biopsies by more than 50 percent.
Memorial Sloan Kettering patient Seun Adebiyi launched Nigeria's national bone marrow registry after experiencing firsthand the difficulty of finding donors for patients of African descent.
Dermatologist Kishwer Nehal was interviewed about research from Missouri University of Science and Technology that looked at what happens to cells containing zinc oxide when exposed to sunlight.
Gynecologic oncologist Douglas Levine spoke about risk-reducing surgery for carriers of BRCA gene mutations. BRCA gene mutations, which are much more prevalent in Jewish people of Ashkenazi descent than in the general population, increase the likelihood of developing ovarian or breast cancer.
Medical oncologist Jedd Wolchok was interviewed about immunotherapy – the harnessing of the body's immune system to fight cancer – and how it has turned certain cancers into chronic diseases for patients rather than fatal ones.
Michel Sadelain, Center for Cell Engineering Director, discussed encouraging findings of a recent study that found that HIV patients given gene therapy more than a decade ago are healthy and the altered DNA they received remains stable in their bodies. The study suggests that this treatment may safely be tested as a way to attack other illnesses.
Diagnostic radiologist Carol Lee spoke about mammography for women in their 40s. Recent studies suggest that women with a low risk of breast cancer do not need regular mammograms until age 50, but Dr. Lee warns that the studies "may discourage women who don't have an identifiable risk factor from seeking screening, and therefore the potential lifesaving benefit of screening won't be realized."
Director of Memorial Sloan Kettering's Center for Health Policy and Outcomes Peter Bach continued his discussion with American historian and broadcaster Richard Heffner about the cost of medical care.
Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program Chair Charles Sawyers spoke about the excitement around the emerging role of DNA in the fight against cancer. He said, "There has never been a time of greater optimism about the future of cancer therapy."
Pediatric oncologist Shakeel Modak spoke about new treatments for neuroblastoma that are being pioneered by oncologists at Memorial Sloan Kettering.


text:
For the first time, colored concrete safety barriers are ensuring safety on German roads–and enhancing their visual appeal, too.
Hanley Wood, the premier information, media, event, and strategic marketing services company serving the residential, commercial design and construction industries, announced today that it has completed the sale of its Exhibitions business to Informa PLC.
Earn $2,000 for a new propane-powered mower and $1,000 toward a conversion through this Propane Education & Research Council program. Cities and counties have taken advantage of this double incentive.
Annual CREWS THAT ROCK finalists include city sidewalks, a bridge, and a tunnel. Vote here by Dec. 26. The two winning crews will receive a trip to World of Concrete in February in Las Vegas.
The American Public Works Association is allowing experience working with private fleets to count toward certification.
The NGOs will align resources, funding, and expertise with federal efforts to restore urban waters and parks, increase outdoor recreation, and engage residents and youth.
Public construction was the fastest-growing segment for the month but the slowest-growing over the past year and for the first 10 months of 2014 combined.
A study of the Canada, Germany, U.S., and United Kingdom insurance industries shows that only resilient infrastructure coupled with development reforms will mitigate the effects of climate change on the built environment.
This survey compiled data from 249 producers and 38 state pavement associations. Results include state-by-state breakdowns.
... they are walking OVER it. Tapping into a growing trend, London's newest tourist attraction is a glass floor in the upper walkways of Tower Bridge.


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Sushi Girl
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Dec 08, 2006 by yummyinmytummy in Los Angeles Area
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Tips on this dinner party menu for 8?
Oct 23, 2006 by mess hall mama in Home Cooking
Where to go for Greek food in L.A?.
Oct 20, 2006 by sugarcanejane in Los Angeles Area
Where would you eat on the westside
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Help - What to order at Mr. Chow?
Aug 03, 2006 by Clare K in Los Angeles Area
Westside Rehearsal dinner suggestions 50+ people
Jul 20, 2006 by mycatlovespopcorn in Los Angeles Area
Need your help....Where can I find a brand of cheese called Tropical in West LA
Jul 21, 2006 by yummyinmytummy in Home Cooking
Gazpacho - whats your favorite recipe
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Chevrolet Links
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Other Years
Chevrolet Corvette For Sale
2007 Chevrolet Corvette Trims For Sale
User Reviews
Displaying 1 - 10 of 50 2007 Chevrolet Corvette reviews.
2007 Chevrolet Corvette Z06
Prosvery powerful,world class styling,handling,performance.drivers car Consnot the easiest entry/exit car
World Class — The Corvette has come along way,excellent fit,finish.World class peformance,unmistakable styling.Very affordable,best overall value in the high peformance market.State of the art wheels,tires,brakes,suspension,drivetrain,steering,dry sump oiling,legendary LS7, all aluminum 427 cid 505 HP engine.One of the alltime great driving machines!
Looking for a Used Corvette in your area?
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2007 Chevrolet Corvette Z06
ProsTHIS IS AN OVERALL FANTASTIC MACHINE . ConsNONE THAT I CAN THINK OF
Breathtaking — The LS7 engine in the 2007 Chevrolet Corvette Z06 gets to 60mph in the time it takes to inhale, and keeps on going. Its heads-up display makes it easy to check the speed as you blast forward, while the tires keep a tight grip on the road. The split-screen navigation system offers good route guidance. Primary Use: Sport/fun (spirited driving, track racing, off-roading, etc.) |
2007 Chevrolet Corvette Coupe
Prosit's a corvette Consinterior
Best Sports Car For The Money — no squeaks or rattles gas milage is at 17 mpg seats could hold you better in corners cost of ownership is on the high end but got car well below sticker car looks better with body color top rather than glass at least in atomic orange Primary Use: Sport/fun (spirited driving, track racing, off-roading, etc.) |
2007 Chevrolet Corvette Z06
ProsLots of space (for two people). luggage, golf clubs, cooler, it all fits! Power, power, power! Big torque street power, 7,000 rpm red line ! Pretty decent ride for what it is: Quiet on the highway, too. ConsSeats lack lateral and lumbar support. Unwanted heat radiates from the center console. The Z06 model is limited to a six-speed manual transmission. and a black or mostly black interior.
Best Sports/muscle Car For The Money, Bar None.. — This car is so much fun, but it can be a bit hairy. With 505 HP, and 470 Lb Ft of Torque in a 3150 lb car, things can happen quickly! You have to respect the power, or it can bite you. 0-60 mph in 3.7 sec, 1/4 mile in 11.7 sec. Those are performance numbers that are normally reserved for cars costing 2-4 times as much. The Z06 is one of today's great bargains. Primary Use: Sport/fun (spirited driving, track racing, off-roading, etc.) |
2007 Chevrolet Corvette Ron Fellows Limited Ed. Z06
ProsBest Looking C6 Corvette ConsWas wrecked and rebuilt
White Z06 Beauty — Always gets a wave, double takes and thumbs up. A WOT pull in 3rd gear to red line will create laundry problems for passengers. Great cruiser, took to Illinois and back from Virginia and loved every mile and got over 26 MPG. Primary Use: Commuting to work
2 of 2 people found this review helpful.
You found this review helpful |
2007 Chevrolet Corvette Z06
ProsPower, Style, Condition (no rock chips), New Tires ConsNone...I can't think of any.
Powerful! — I honestly like everything about this car. I had always wanted a ZO6 and found this one a couple years back. It only had 730 miles on it. It now has a few more, but with under 3,000 miles it is still the car to want. You are able to feel the power and the sound the car makes when you turn it on is awesome. |
2007 Chevrolet Corvette Convertible
ProsSuper fast and a blast to drive! ConsNone
2007 Corvette Convertible 3lt — Once you drive a Corvette there is no going back to anything else! I just sold my 2008 Shelby GT because after buying the Corvette and driving it for a few weeks and then driving my Shelby again, it was boring to drive! Primary Use: Commuting to work |
2007 Chevrolet Corvette Coupe
ProsFun to drive Consonly seats two
Great Car. Fun To Drive. — Great car. Very fun to drive. Love the sound the engine makes. Love the push to start, navigation, xm, and heated seats. Loved driving with the top off almost makes you fell like your in a convertible. Very fun car to have. Primary Use: Sport/fun (spirited driving, track racing, off-roading, etc.) |
2007 Chevrolet Corvette Convertible
Prosgreat acceleration and handling, beautiful car, chicks dig it, great value Consboring interior, bumpy ride
2007 Corvette C6 Z51 — The performance is great all around, drives great, and it's quite a beautiful car, gets up to 25 mpg, which is very surprising. Only complaints are kinda cheap interior and bumpy ride. This car is a very good deal, I got mine for around $63,000, which sounds like a lot but this car competes with the Porsche 911 which is almost twice as expensive. |
2007 Chevrolet Corvette Z06
Prosoverall amazing sports car Conscould do a better job with the interior
Best In Class — What can you say a vette is a vette. Overall the car handles better then what you would think. I was able to take the on ramp going north at 410 and Steeles easily at 105km without a whisper from the tires. For the money the best bang for the buck. |
Displaying 1 - 10 of 50 2007 Chevrolet Corvette reviews.
Reviews From Other Years
2014 Chevrolet Corvette Reviews
All Muscle And So Much Fun To Drive! By ltippit
It's hard to say anything bad about this car! My first sports car could not have been a better fit! I have a need for speed and this was the perfect car for me! Things I love - heads up display, hi... Read More
Awesome By royal123
A true winner! Latest version of corvette brings back some of the traditional design elements of earlier models. Car is very responsive in all areas. The interior is a major step up from older mode... Read More
2013 Chevrolet Corvette Reviews
Best Car! By Denny
I love the ride, looks and handling! With the top down in the evenings, there is nothing like it! This is the perfect car for the Carolina's, drive year round! This is my 7th Corvette, but the first c... Read More
Great Car By denries
Love this car. This is my 7th Corvette since 1966 but my first convertible. I love driving this car. With the top down, it is a dream come true! Best Corvette I have ever owned. Love the body style an... Read More
2012 Chevrolet Corvette Reviews
I Am Extremely Impressed With The Car. By wilscaal
If looking for a performance car that is also a great daily driver, you can't beat this car. For a car with 430HP the mileage of 19-24MPG is excellent. Outstanding cargo capacity with the hatch rea... Read More
2012 Corvette Gs Coupe By scole665
I dreamed about having a Corvette my whole life. I came from somewhat meager beginnings and it finally happened a few years ago. It was like dream. I almost cried upon delivery. It a gorgeous car that... Read More
2011 Chevrolet Corvette Reviews
Best Non Aspirated Corvette By TooFast
What can I say, I really cannot say enough. This Z06/Z07 is equipped the same as the Carbon Edition with subtle differences in paint scheme and interior trim, however from a performance perspective th... Read More
Only Drivin To Car Shows By tashkentzoo
This is an outstanding example of a Grand Sport. The color which is Supersonic Blue draws your attention. In fact, I've been told it's one of the most attractive colors of that model year. I get a lot... Read More
2010 Chevrolet Corvette Reviews
Best Vette Yet By MB119
I waited for years for Chevrolet to produce a C6 wide body convertible. The 2010 Grand Sport was the first C6 offering. The look of this car leaves no question as to what it is......Corvette. A pe... Read More
Loved It By vettedude69
This car is a legend. The best bang you can get for your buck. This is the kind of car the kids give you thumbs up when you pass them. Kind of car you hear coming from down the street. Read More
People researching a 2007 Chevrolet Corvette contacted a dealer about
60% of the time
Ford Mustang
11% of the time
Dodge Challenger
3% of the time


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