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Hi! My name is Lucy
I am Domestic Shorthair from Pine City, MN
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My favorite tricks and treats are: Cat treats
Where I hang out: on the window sill
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funny prank.
This one made me laugh.
Guy makes a suit designed to look like his car seat, so as he pulls up to drive throughs, it looks like the car is driving itself. Some of the reactions are priceless. http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=0a9_1357722870 |
Just saw that, I love the girl that keeps opening and closing the window thinking that someone might appear!
The one guy closing and opening the window over and over is hilarious!!!!!
lololol thats awesome!!!! |
Just throw it in here I'm a ghost!!
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Gifting note: This item ships in the manufacturer's original packaging. If intended as a gift, the packaging may reveal the contents.
About this item
This space-saving, sturdy trundle bed is the perfect solution for a growing family, unexpected guests or the occasional slumber party. It features a powder-coated steel frame and includes mattress slats to support a standard twin-size mattress. Its casters provide ease storage and use, making this the perfect solution for your bedroom.
Black Metal Trundle Bed:
- Black powder-coated finish
- Supports 250 lbs and twin-size mattress
- Includes casters for easy storage
- Support slats included
- Box spring not required
- Mattresses sold separately. See our assortment of mattresses.
- Ships ready to assemble with step-by-step instructions
- Dimensions: 71"W x 38"D x 4"H
- Model# BT40TBBL
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Primary Color: | Black |
Multi Pack Indicator: | No |
Battery Type: | Does Not Contain a Battery |
Shipping Weight (in pounds): | 31.0 |
Product in Inches (L x W x H): | 73.0 x 40.0 x 4.0 |
Assembled in Country of Origin: | Imported |
Origin of Components: | Imported |
Walmart No.: | 7131647 |
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803 5th Street
Most errands can be accomplished on foot.
Score Details
803 5th Street has a Walk Score of 80 out of 100. This location is Very Walkable so most errands can be accomplished on foot.
803 5th Street is a 19 minute walk from the MARC CAMDEN - WASHINGTON at the LAUREL MARC sb stop.
This location is in Laurel. Nearby parks include High Ridge Park and Snow Hill Manor Neighborhood Park.
Nearby schools include First Baptist School Of Laurel, Laurel Elementary School and St Vincent Pallotti High School.
The closest grocery stores are Tropical Food, Indus Food Market and La Mixteca.
Nearby coffee shops include Starbucks, Dunkin' Donuts and Sky Cafe. There are 36 restaurants within a 15 minute walk including La Muterita Restaurant, China American Inn and Gourmet Cafe.
Explore how far you can travel by car, bus, bike and foot from 803 5th Street.
Rail lines:
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Popular apartment searches include pool, fitness and fireplace. View all Laurel apartments and rentals.
This location is in the city of Laurel, MD. Laurel has an average Walk Score of 49 and has 25,115 residents.
Learn More About Laurel


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28th June 2010, 12:26 PM | #11 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: May 2007
If the N3 has CCS bias for the output, which the advertising suggests, and negative feedback (quite likely to keep the distortion down in such a simple circuit) then it could be suffering from the low frequency instability discussed in this thread. The simplest solution would be to replace the CCS bias with a normal cathode resistor. In my opinion CCS bias is unnecessary in most circuits and it adds to LF problems when global feedback is used.
28th June 2010, 04:40 PM | #12 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Nov 2005
What value do you think would work well? That sounds like the problem. I can also try the original cap value with the new working lm317's though and maybe it will bias right and not cause instability.
28th June 2010, 06:02 PM | #13 | |
diyAudio Moderator
In short wait at least 2 minutes before turning the amplifier back on. You are the direct cause of at least some of the problems you are having...
"Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence." - Carl Sagan Last edited by kevinkr; 28th June 2010 at 06:05 PM. |
28th June 2010, 08:14 PM | #14 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Nov 2005
Oh well that is good to know. Perhaps the low volume is just my speakers not uber efficient? I suppose then since I corrected the popping noise I am good to go. The small change in capacitor value might be safe in the circuit? (150uf to 220uf)
It seems a little distressing that I have to crank the volume to just over half way up to get much anything. The fits 1/4 of it is about nothing. I thought the oscillation was draining the volume. My speakers were originally rated at 95db, and could be that up to 97db since the Fostex 126 updated driver are a little more efficient. I am using a 25k stepped attenuator. The original was either a 25k or 50k (not sure, have to find it again). The capacitor is in between ground and the LM317. Last edited by Destroyer OS.; 28th June 2010 at 08:20 PM. |
28th June 2010, 09:52 PM | #15 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Nov 2005
From the LM317 data sheet it looks like these are the output capacitors and the size does not matter. Woo! They are going in.
28th June 2010, 09:58 PM | #16 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: May 2007
You will get lowish volume from a 3W amp unless your room is very small or your speakers are very efficient.
The 'oscillation' could be user error, as kevinkr suggests. Take note of his advice. It could just be RF pickup from the speaker leads, so a ferrite choke may help. Changing capacitor values in a circuit with feedback can lead to trouble, so best left alone unless you have reason to believe the original designer got it wrong. I'm not sure what the correct cathode resistor is, to replace the CCS. The EL84 data sheet gives several values, depending partly on the screen grid voltage. Maybe other people on here can help. Personally, I would get rid of the CCS as it is a bad way to bias an output stage. It just happens to be popular at present for some reason. |
28th June 2010, 10:13 PM | #17 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Nov 2005
Well this sucks. I have to wait, again to listen to music. Plus every time I open this amplifier I shorten some transformer leads because the wires break off so easy.
28th June 2010, 10:28 PM | #18 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Nov 2005
Oh I would replace it all with a resistor if I had a schematic or any information... to bad. I just have to wait for capacitor, this is irritating to the millionth degree.
6th July 2010, 01:14 AM | #19 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Nov 2005
I got it all done. It still makes lots of noise when things turn on or off, or any RF comes in.
Well whatever I guess... I think it is just super sensitive to changes in current. None of my other equipment is like it is... I guess it is just a cheapy so that is why? |
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Results tagged "Revolution"
By Giles Broadbent
Russell Brand has suggested that young people should not vote, their collective act of indifference sparking crisis, then revolution.
He delivered his polemic on Newsnight in his usual baroque lexicon, like a child keeping pace with a runaway autocue.
By Jim Fitzpatrick
Cycling has been on my mind this week. We all heard the tragic news that a man from Poplar had become the third cyclist to die on the city's streets in three weeks; constituents have got in touch about the #CycleSafe Commons debate in September; and I've been taking advantage of the weather to cycle in to Westminster whenever possible.
Click here for the Wharf's gallery of the Excel protests
The protests at Excel certainly don't match the drama of yesterday's clashes in the City, but police are taking no chances.
Those entering and leaving Canning Town station are being searched under Section 60 of the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act.
Live at the G20
Around 200 protesters have gathered outside the G20 summit at the Excel centre in Royal Docks.
Police set up metal fences some distance from the venue, with enough room for around 5,000 demonstrators. But so far, numbers have not lived up to expectations.


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When I heard that the rabbi of a Chabad house on a university campus was in trouble for providing alcohol to students, I assumed that I didn't need to hear any further details to understand what the story was.
That led me to write this post. I approached the subject with prejudice and without a firm grasp on the facts.
The story I thought I knew was that Rabbi Dov Hillel Klein has been rightfully banned from the campus of Northwestern University for providing alcohol to underage students. Of course, I said at the time, there are worse places to drink on any American campus. But I also said that it was hard to sympathize with Klein because he had still provided alcohol to underage students.
Since then, I investigated further and found that reality did not exactly agree with the conclusions I initially jumped to.
First, Klein appears to be a saint. I spoke to several Northwestern students last week from every corner of the school's Jewish community – and beyond – and found that Klein is universally loved and respected. He goes to athletic games and school events of every kind, especially when it's an opportunity to support a student he knows well. One recent alumna told me that she still considers Klein to be her rabbi. He's also a volunteer chaplain for the Evanston, Ill. police department and he's the person who is responsible for making sure that kosher food is available to Northwestern students.
Not only that, no one could recall ever seeing alcohol served at any time other than Friday night. There was kiddush wine, one shot for a few people who Klein already knew and trusted – and that's it.
The more I looked into it, the less the timeline of the entire story made sense. In June, toward the end of the Northwestern school year, Klein's Chabad house voluntarily went dry. In July, Northwestern Vice President of Student Affairs Patricia Telles-Irvin, demanded that Klein resign. If he did not, the university would sever ties with Chabad and Chabad would no longer be an official campus organization. It's unclear why his resignation was desirable, though alcohol is implied; Northwestern has an established and problematic drinking culture – and Telles-Irvin has a mandate to do something about it.
In August, Chabad announced that all of its campus houses across the country would be going dry. And in September, right before Yom Kippur, Klein emailed the community to inform them that after the holiday was over, Northwestern would be taking the promised actions against him.
Students I spoke to told me that Klein isn't going anywhere and that he's still reaching out to the Jewish students of Northwestern – though that task is a little harder now that he's no longer recognized by the university. Those students also told me that attendance at Chabad has actually increased this semester.
Like many American universities, Northwestern has a drinking problem. But it's safe to say that the problem stems more from fraternities than from Chabad. Whatever is actually going on, this much is clear: Rabbi Klein was unjustly caught in the crossfire. And my original take on the situation certainly didn't do anything to help.
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text: Black-Eyed Users Edit History Talk0 135,413pages on this wiki Category page Sorting type: Most visited Most visited Alphabetical | these are all the black-eyed users Pages in category "Black-Eyed Users" " Ultraman TopFan's Talk Page, Ultraman TopFan's Contributions, Ultraman TopFan's Talk Page... User:Ultraman TopFan " Sun (Earth-616)/Clarence Sykes (Earth-616 Gallery Real Name Clarence Sykes Current Alias... User:Sun (Earth-616)/Clarence Sykes (Earth-616 " Белый Волк [[File: |200px|center|Белый Волк]]Gallery Real Name Jackie Estacado Identity Secret... User:Белый Волк " Abe storm Gallery Real Name Unknwon Aliases "Pollo" Identity secret Affiliation PDMU, UNAM Base... User:Abe storm " Anvillious Gallery Real Name Adnan Universe Earth 616 Base Of Operations Australia... User:Anvillious " Unknown Awesomekid120's Talk Page, Awesomekid120's Contributions, Awesomekid120's Talk Page... User:Awesomekid120 " Bao quy dau Gallery Real Name Benhomenheolp Universe Earth-55555555 Characteristics Gender Male... User:Bao quy dau " Captain marvel879 Gallery Real Name John David Apas Current Alias David Identity Secret... User:Captain marvel879 " Superhuman Strength, Superhuman Speed, Superhuman Intelligent Motorcycle, Car, Jet User:CoolAiman " Dass 2099 Gallery Real Name Kevin Current Alias Dass 2099 Aliases fa Universe Earth-5555555... User:Dass 2099 " Eksibiber Gallery Real Name tony starykco Characteristics Gender male Height 1.60 Weight 70... User:Eksibiber " Ethanphilip Gallery Real Name Ethan Philip P. Roque Current Alias Flaming Fireblaster Identity... User:Ethanphilip " Welcome to the Marvel Database Project, $4! Thanks for Fernandezluigi Be sure to read our... User:Fernandezluigi " GrnMarvl99 Gallery Real Name Khiem Nguyen Current Alias GrnMarvl99 Identity Secret Affiliation... User:GrnMarvl99 " Hulkgod45 Gallery Real Name Unknown Identity Secret Characteristics Gender Male Height Variable... User:Hulkgod45 " Jaxsupreme Gallery Real Name J.A. Current Alias Kid X Aliases X Identity Secret Affiliation KKK... User:Jaxsupreme Back 1 2 Next


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Woman denies felony heroin chargesBy Josh OGorman
STAFF WRITER | May 06,2013Talk about truth in advertising: A New York state woman is in jail on $75,000 bail after denying charges she was in possession of multiple bags of heroin labeled poison.
Thursday, Danielle P. Allen, 26, of Whitehall, N.Y., pleaded innocent in Rutland criminal court to a felony charge of heroin possession, which carries a maximum penalty of 20 years in prison or a $1,000,000 fine.
According to an affidavit filed with the court by Vermont State Police Trooper Jason Johnson, on Wednesday evening, Johnson stopped a 2004 Chevrolet Optra with New York registration at Cumberland Farms on South Main Street.
Police had received a tip the occupants of the vehicle had driven out of state that day to buy heroin, and the driver Justin M. Allen, 23 was the target of an ongoing investigation by the Narcotic Investigation Unit of the state police, records state.
Prior to the traffic stop, police had probable cause to arrest Justin Allen for selling heroin, according to the affidavit.
Police first questioned the driver and then his passenger, Danielle Allen, who allegedly admitted she had heroin in her front pants pocket, police said. Danielle Allen handed over 74 bags of heroin stamped with the label poison, according to the affidavit. The combined weight of the heroin was 2.4 grams, records state.
Danielle Allen is being held in South Burlington jail, according to the Department of Corrections. Police charged Justin Allen with selling heroin. He will be arraigned at a later date.
@Tagline:josh.ogorman @rutlandherald.comMORE IN Local & StateA survey conducted by the recreation department shows broad support for a municipal swimming pool. Full StoryA search committee trying to find a new chief of police in Rutland has outlined some of the... Full StoryCLARENDON The towns Planning Commission will unveil part of a draft five-year plan on land... Full Story -
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- TOMORROW'S HEADLINES TODAY: Rutland Herald News Editor Alan J. Keays and staff writer Gordon Dritschilo discuss stories planned for the February 18, 2015, edition of the newspaper: Winter budgets maxed, legal marijuana, Springfield bank job, USPS slowdown


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Anna Wintour Left Jason Wu's Show to Go Watch Roger Federer Play
Anna Wintour Left Jason Wu's Show to Go Watch Roger Federer Play
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Anna Wintour Left Jason Wu's Show to Go Watch Roger Federer Play
>> Yesterday, Anna Wintour arrived to take in Jason Wu's Cruise 2010 show at the Greenwich Hotel in New York, but took a phone call and left four minutes before the show started, leaving Wu's publicist confused. A Vogue staffer told Fashion Week Daily: "She had a plane to catch. But she saw Jason's entire collection earlier and really liked what she was looking at." Today, she showed up in Paris with boyfriend Shelby Bryan to watch her favorite athlete Roger Federer try to win the elusive French Open. Maybe she'll be meeting Bee Shaffer, who was in Venice yesterday, at some point?
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text: How I Met Your Mother Series 5 - 11. Last Cigarette Ever Facebook Google Tumblr Pinterest Blogger Reddit VKontakt Print Email About this programme 11/24. Robin's excitement about working with famous newsreader Don Frank soon dwindles when she finds out he is not as professional in his habits as she imagined. Meanwhile, the pals reveal they are all former smokers - and become addicted to cigarettes once more. Comedy, starring Cobie Smulders. Cast and crew Cast Ted Josh Radnor Lily Alyson Hannigan Marshall Jason Segel Barney Neil Patrick Harris Robin Cobie Smulders Don Frank Benjamin Koldyke Categories Sitcom Like this? Share it. Facebook Google Tumblr Pinterest Blogger Reddit VKontakt Print Email


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Publications (198)669.07 Total impact
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ABSTRACT: The ability of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to support the analysis of X-ray absorption fine-structure (XAFS) data for metals is evaluated. The low-order cumulants (ΔR, σ(2), C3) for XAFS scattering paths are calculated for the metals Cu, Ni, Fe, Ti and Au at 300 K using 28 interatomic potentials of the embedded-atom method type. The MD cumulant predictions were evaluated within a cumulant expansion XAFS fitting model, using global (path-independent) scaling factors. Direct simulations of the corresponding XAFS spectra, χ(R), are also performed using MD configurational data in combination with the FEFF ab initio code. The cumulant scaling parameters compensate for differences between the real and effective scattering path distributions, and for any errors that might exist in the MD predictions and in the experimental data. The fitted value of ΔR is susceptible to experimental errors and inadvertent lattice thermal expansion in the simulation crystallites. The unadjusted predictions of σ(2) vary in accuracy, but do not show a consistent bias for any metal except Au, for which all potentials overestimate σ(2). The unadjusted C3 predictions produced by different potentials display only order-of-magnitude consistency. The accuracy of direct simulations of χ(R) for a given metal varies among the different potentials. For each of the metals Cu, Ni, Fe and Ti, one or more of the tested potentials was found to provide a reasonable simulation of χ(R). However, none of the potentials tested for Au was sufficiently accurate for this purpose.Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 07/2013; 20(Pt 4):555-66. · 2.19 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Several 1:1 adducts of gallium trihalides with triarylphosphines, X(3) Ga(PR(3) ) (X=Cl, Br, and I; PR(3) =triarylphosphine ligand), were investigated by using solid-state (69/71) Ga and (31) P NMR spectroscopy at different magnetic-field strengths. The (69/71) Ga nuclear quadrupolar coupling parameters, as well as the gallium and phosphorus magnetic shielding tensors, were determined. The magnitude of the (71) Ga quadrupolar coupling constants (C(Q) ((71) Ga)) range from approximately 0.9 to 11.0 MHz. The spans of the gallium magnetic shielding tensors for these complexes, δ(11) -δ(33) , range from approximately 30 to 380 ppm; those determined for phosphorus range from 10 to 40 ppm. For any given phosphine ligand, the gallium nuclei are most shielded for X=I and least shielded for X=Cl, a trend previously observed for In(III) -phosphine complexes. This experimental trend, attributed to spin-orbit effects of the halogen ligands, is reproduced by DFT calculations. The signs of C(Q) ((69/71) Ga) for some of the adducts were determined from the analysis of the (31) P NMR spectra acquired with magic angle spinning (MAS). The (1) J((69/71) Ga,(31) P) and ΔJ((69/71) Ga, (31) P) values, as well as their signs, were also determined; values of (1) J((71) Ga,(31) P) range from approximately 380 to 1590 Hz. Values of (1) J((69/71) Ga,(31) P) and ΔJ((69/71) Ga,(31) P) calculated by using DFT have comparable magnitudes and generally reproduce experimental trends. Both the Fermi-contact and spin-dipolar Fermi-contact mechanisms make important contributions to the (1) J((69/71) Ga,(31) P) tensors. The (31) P NMR spectra of several adducts in solution, obtained as a function of temperature, are contrasted with those obtained in the solid state. Finally, to complement the analysis of NMR spectra for these adducts, single-crystal X-ray diffraction data for Br(3) Ga[P(p-Anis)(3) ] and I(3) Ga[P(p-Anis)(3) ] were obtained.Chemistry 01/2013; 19:2826-2839. · 5.70 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The complete oxychalcogenide solid solution LaCuOSe1−xTex (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) was examined by X-ray photoelectron and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy. Whereas the La 3d, Cu 2p and most of the chalcogen (Ch) core-line peaks are invariant, the O 1s binding energies (BE) show shifts (up to 0.35 eV) with increasing substitution of Se by Te that reflect the competing effects of the charges of neighbouring La atoms and more distant Ch atoms, if the charge potential model is applied. This observation supports the occurrence of interlayer La–Ch interactions between the [LaO] and [CuCh] layers in LaCuOCh. The Se 3d BEs show smaller shifts (up to 0.15 eV) that indicate the development of more negative charge on the Se atoms with increasing x. The Cu K-edge and Se K-edge spectra reveal subtle absorption edge energy and intensity changes that can be explained by the evolution of Cu-to-Ch charge transfer within the [CuCh] layers.Journal of Alloys and Compounds 02/2012; 514:199–204. · 2.73 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The primary ion directional effects observed in secondary electron yields induced by ion bombardment [5keV Ar+→Cu(100)] are simulated using a semi-empirical molecular dynamics model. The directional effects are presumed to arise from inelastic energy transfers that take place in close binary atomic encounters. The latter are estimated using the Oen-Robinson model, in combination with a critical apsidal distance (Rc). The connection between the measured kinetic electron emission (KEE) yields (γKEE) and the predicted inelastic energy loss in a binary atomic collision (ΔEi) is established through a semi-empirical fitting procedure involving Rc and other parameters in the following model: γe=γ0+γKEE=γ0+〈ΔEi(z)exp(−z/λ)〉, where z is the collision depth. The directional effects are best reproduced by fitting the model to Ar–Cu inelastic collisions for two azimuthal incident directions: Rc is estimated to be 0.47±0.03Å; the parameter, λ (an effective electron attenuation length), is estimated to be 18±2Å. The same model also describes the γKEE energy dependence for 5–10keV Ar+ normally incident on low-index Cu crystal targets [Phys. Rev. 129 (1963) 2409]. The spatial and temporal distributions of the hard collisions that initiate KEE are discussed on the basis of the model.Surface Science 10/2011; · 1.87 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) have been applied to examine the electronic structures of lanthanum copper oxychalcogenides LaCuOCh (Ch=S, Se, Te), whose structure has been conventionally viewed as consisting of nominally isolated [LaO] and [CuCh] layers. However, there is evidence for weak La–Ch interactions between these layers, as seen in small changes in the satellite intensity of the La 3d XPS spectra as the chalcogen is changed and as supported by band structure calculations. The O 1s and Cu 2p XPS spectra are insensitive to chalcogen substitution. Lineshapes in the Cu 2p XPS spectra and fine-structure in the Cu L- and M-edge XANES spectra support the presence of Cu+ species. The Ch XPS spectra show negative BE shifts relative to the elemental chalcogen, indicative of anionic species; these shifts correlate well with greater difference in electronegativity between the Cu and Ch atoms, provided that an intermediate electronegativity is chosen for Se.Journal of Solid State Chemistry 07/2011; 184(7):1649-1654. · 2.20 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Treatment of ThCl(4)(DME)(2) or UCl(4) with 1 equiv of dilithiumbis(iminophosphorano) methandiide, [Li(2)C(Ph(2)P═NSiMe(3))(2)] (1), afforded the chloro actinide carbene complexes [Cl(2)M(C(Ph(2)P═NSiMe(3))(2))] (2 (M = Th) and 3 (M = U)) in situ. Stable PCP metal-carbene complexes [Cp(2)Th(C(Ph(2)P═NSiMe(3))(2))] (4), [Cp(2)U(C(Ph(2)P═NSiMe(3))(2))] (5), [TpTh(C(Ph(2)P═NSiMe(3))(2))Cl] (6), and [TpU(C(Ph(2)P═NSiMe(3))(2))Cl] (7) were generated from 2 or 3 by further reaction with 2 equiv of thallium(I) cyclopentadienide (CpTl) in THF to yield 4 or 5 or with 1 equiv of potassium hydrotris(pyrazol-1-yl) borate (TpK) also in THF to give 6 or 7, respectively. The derivative complexes were isolated, and their crystal structures were determined by X-ray diffraction. All of these U (or Th)-carbene complexes (4-7) possess a very short M (Th or U)═carbene bond with evidence for multiple bond character. Gaussian 03 DFT calculations indicate that the M═C double bond is constructed by interaction of the 5f and 6d orbitals of the actinide metal with carbene 2p orbitals of both π and σ character. Complex 3 reacted with acetonitrile or benzonitrile to cyclo-add C≡N to the U═carbon double bond, thereby forming a new C-C bond in a new chelated quadridentate ligand in the bridged dimetallic complexes (9 and 10). A single carbon-U bond is retained. The newly coordinated uranium complex dimerizes with one equivalent of unconverted 3 using two chlorides and the newly formed imine derived from the nitrile as three connecting bridges. In addition, a new crystal structure of [CpUCl(3)(THF)(2)] (8) was determined by X-ray diffraction.Inorganic Chemistry 06/2011; 50(14):6500-8. · 4.79 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The title compounds are prepared from stoichiometric mixtures of the elements (900 °C, 7 d) and characterized by powder XRD, XPS, magnetic measurements, and TB-LMTO band structure calculations.ChemInform 05/2011; 42(19). - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Reaction of tetrafluoro- or tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone with silylated phosphoranimines R2R′P=NSiMe3 (R = Ph, Me) yields very highly colored monosubstituted derivatives of the p-quinone that act as two-electron acceptors showing clean, reversible CV traces. The molar absorptivity values are typical of dyes. These ligands also form chelate complexes with Rh(I) precursors using the quinone oxygen and the imine nitrogen donor sites. One of the quinone derivatives, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-(triphenylphosphinimino)-p-benzoquinone, has been structurally characterized. The iminated quinone shows a normal P=N bond length (1.597(2) Å) and P-N-C angle (P-N-C(3) 132.7(2)°). The N—C(3) bond, 1.327(3) Å, is a little shorter as is expected for the establishment of a conjugated structure between the phosphinimine substituent and the quinone ring. Some steric crowding pushes the Cl and N substituents on the quinone ring out of the plane of the ring. Key words: quinones, phosphinimines, fluorine, chlorine, rhodium.Canadian Journal of Chemistry 02/2011; 74(11):2378-2385. · 1.01 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The quaternary rare-earth phosphides RECuZnP2 (RE=Pr, Nd, Gd-Tm, Lu) have been prepared by reaction of the elements at 900 °C, completing this versatile series which forms for nearly all RE metals. They adopt the trigonal CaAl2Si2-type structure (Pearson symbol hP5, space group P3¯m1, Z=1), as confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis on ErCuZnP2 and powder X-ray diffraction analysis on the remaining members. The Cu and Zn atoms are assumed to be disordered over the single transition-metal site. Band structure calculations on a hypothetically ordered YCuZnP2 model suggest a semimetal, with a zero band gap between the valence and conduction bands. This electronic structure is supported by XPS valence band spectra for RECuZnP2 (RE=Gd-Er), in which the intensity drops off smoothly at the Fermi edge. The absence of a band gap permits the electron count to deviate from the precise value of 16 e- per formula unit, as demonstrated by the formation of a solid solution in GdCuxZn2-xP2 (1.0Journal of Solid State Chemistry 01/2011; 184:97-103. · 2.20 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: We present an X-ray absorption spectroscopic study of the optical and electronic properties of freestanding, alkyl-functionalized silicon nanocrystals (Si-NCs). These materials were derived from thermal processing of hydrogen silsesquioxane, subsequently etched with hydrofluoric acid and functionalized via photochemical hydrosilylation with alkenes. These materials are of interest for their size-dependent photoluminescence (PL), that spans the visible and near-IR regions. Using near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy and X-ray excited optical luminescence, we have investigated the impact of quantum confinement effects and surface species on the Si-NC PL. These materials exhibit PL found to be consistent with the quantum confinement model; however, ambient oxidation was proposed to strongly influence the results.The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 12/2010; 114(51). · 4.84 Impact Factor -
Article: ChemInform Abstract: Existence of ZrAs2 and Ternary Extension Zr(GexAs1-x)As (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4).
[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: ZrAs2 is established to be a true binary phase that is strictly stoichiometric.ChemInform 10/2010; 41(42). - ChemInform 08/2010; 41(35).
- [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Zirconium diarsenide, ZrAs2, has been established to be a genuine binary phase that is strictly stoichiometric. At 900 °C, it supports extensive solubility of Ge to form the ternary extension Zr(GexAs1−x)As (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4). The crystal structures of ZrAs2 and Zr(Ge0.33(6)As0.67)As were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (orthorhombic PbCl2-type, space group Pnma, Z = 4), with one of the two possible anion sites being preferentially occupied by the Ge atoms. X-ray photoelectron spectra and band structure calculations confirmed that the Ge and As atoms are anionic in character and that the substitution of Ge for As is driven by a depopulation of anion–anion antibonding states. ZrGe0.3As1.7 exhibits metallic behaviour and temperature-independent Pauli paramagnetism.Journal of Alloys and Compounds 08/2010; 505(1):17–22. · 2.73 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) have been applied to examine the electronic structure of the rare-earth transition-metal oxyarsenides REFeAsO (RE=Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd) and CeNiAsO. Within the metal-arsenic layer [MAs], the bonding character is predominantly covalent and the As atoms are anionic, as implied by the small energy shifts in the M 2p and As 3d XPS spectra. Within the rare-earth-oxygen layer [REO], the bonding character is predominantly ionic, as implied by the similarity of the O 1s binding energies to those in highly ionic oxides. Substitution with a smaller RE element increases the O 1s binding energy, a result of an enhanced Madelung potential. The Ce 3d XPS and Ce L{sub 3}-edge XANES spectra have lineshapes and energies that confirm the presence of trivalent cerium in CeFeAsO and CeNiAsO. A population analysis of the valence band spectrum of CeNiAsO supports the formal charge assignment [Ce{sup 3+}O{sup 2-}][Ni{sup 2+}As{sup 3-}].Journal of Solid State Chemistry 08/2010; 183(7):1477-1483. · 2.20 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: A geminal dithallated bis(iminodiphenylphosphorano)methine carbon complex was prepared and isolated as a solid dimer, stable in an inert atmosphere. It has been fully characterized in both solution and solid states. Bonding has been assessed with the aid of DFT calculations. All data demonstrate that the dimer contains a single carbon center sigma bound to two Tl((I)) atoms (Tl((I))-C-Tl((I))). Two geminal monomers associate via Tl((I))-Tl((I)) interactions to form the dimer.Chemical Communications 08/2010; 46(29):5370-2. · 6.38 Impact Factor -
Article: Electronic structure of ZrCuSiAs and ZrCuSiP by X-ray photoelectron and absorption spectroscopy
[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The electronic structures of quaternary pnictides ZrCuSiPn (Pn=P, As) were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES). Shifts in the core-line XPS and the XANES spectra indicate that the Zr and Cu atoms are cationic, whereas the Si and Pn atoms are anionic, consistent with expectations from simple bonding models. The Cu 2p XPS and Cu L-edge XANES spectra support the presence of Cu1+. The small magnitudes of the energy shifts in the XPS spectra suggest significant covalent character in the Zr-Si, Zr-Pn, and Cu-Pn bonds. On progressing from ZrCuSiP to ZrCuSiAs, the Si atoms remain largely unaffected, as indicated by the absence of shifts in the Si 2p3/2 binding energy and the Si L-edge absorption energy, while the charge transfer from metal to Pn atoms becomes less pronounced, as indicated by shifts in the Cu K-edge and Zr K, L-edge absorption energies. The transition from two-dimensional character in LaNiAsO to three-dimensional character in ZrCuSiAs proceeds through the development of Si-Si bonds within the [ZrSi] layer and Zr-As bonds between the [ZrSi] and [CuAs] layers.Journal of Solid State Chemistry 07/2010; 183:1536-1544. · 2.20 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: We report the influence of processing atmosphere on the evolution of oxide-embedded germanium nanocrystals (Ge-NCs) formed by the thermal processing of (CHGeO{sub 1.5}){sub n} sol-gel polymers. In an inert processing atmosphere (100% Ar), the generation of elemental Ge from thermally induced disproportionation of the germanium rich oxide (GRO) leads to GeO-embedded Ge-NCs whose size is independent of peak processing temperature and time. Processing in a slightly reducing atmosphere (5% H/95% Ar) activates a second Ge-NC formation and growth pathway, involving the reduction of Ge oxide species. Here, we report that the processing atmosphere governs the distribution of Ge species. By modifying the contributions from redistribution and reduction reactions within the GRO, diffusion of Ge atoms throughout the oxide matrix and formation and growth of Ge-NCs are impacted.Chemistry of Materials 04/2010; 22:2653-2661. · 8.54 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option.ChemInform 04/2010; 26(17). - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option.ChemInform 03/2010; 28(11). - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option.ChemInform 03/2010; 28(11).
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text:
Comparative analysis of webometric measurements in thematic environments.
ABSTRACT There have been many attempts to evaluate Web spaces on the basis of the information that they provide, their form or functionality, or even the importance given to each of them by the Web itself. The indicators that have been developed for this purpose fall into two groups: those based on the study of a Web space's formal characteristics, and those related to its link structure. In this study we examine most of the webometric indicators that have been proposed in the literature together with others of our own design by applying them to a set of thematically related Web spaces and analyzing the relationships between the different indicators. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
- [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: This paper explores website link structure considering websites as interconnected graphs and analyzing their features as a social network. Two networks have been extracted for representing websites: a domain network containing subdomains or external domains linked through the website and a page network containing webpages browsed from the root domain. Factor analysis provides the statistical methodology to adequately extract the main website profiles in terms of their internal structure. However, due to the large number of indicators, the task of selecting a representative subset of indicators becomes unaffordable. A genetic search of an optimum subset of indicators is proposed in this paper, selecting a multi-objective fitness function based on factor analysis results. The optimum solution provides a coherent and relevant categorization of website profiles, and highlights the possibilities of genetic algorithms as a tool for discovering new knowledge in the field of web mining.Expert Systems with Applications 10/2012; 39(14):11623–11633. · 1.97 Impact Factor - Research Evaluation 06/2013; 22(3):157-168. · 0.85 Impact Factor
- SourceAvailable from: Federico Barrero[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: This paper explores website link structure considering websites as interconnected graphs and analyzing their features as a social network. Factor Analysis provides the statistical methodology to adequately extract the main website profiles in terms of their internal structure. However, due to the large number of indicators, a genetic search of their optimum number is proposed, and applied to a case study based on 80 Spanish University websites. Results provide coherent and relevant website profiles, and highlight the possibilities of Genetic Algorithms as a tool for discovering new knowledge related to website link structures.Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM), 2010 International Conference on; 08/2010
Page 1
There have been many attempts to evaluate Web spaces
on the basis of the information that they provide, their
form or functionality, or even the importance given to
each of them by the Web itself. The indicators that have
been developed for this purpose fall into two groups:
those based on the study of a Web space's formal char-
acteristics, and those related to its link structure. In this
study we examine most of the webometric indicators
that have been proposed in the literature together with
others of our own design by applying them to a set of
thematically related Web spaces and analyzing the rela-
tionships between the different indicators.
on the Internet—Google (2004) claims to have 4.28 U.S.
anisms to examine this information and to analyze the formal
characteristics of "Web spaces"—an expression used by
Smith (1999b)—that contain this information (Kelly, 1999;
Shneiderman, 1997; Strain & Berry, 1996; Trochim, 1996).
to the rise of two new disciplines: the first variously denomi-
ric indicators to the world of the Internet has basically opted
based on the analysis of the characteristics of the electronic
information available on the Internet, and those that use the
search and retrieval of information or to understand the be-
havior and social dynamics of Web builders and users.
In the former case, some workers have proposed theoret-
ical models for the analysis of the characteristics and Web
resources that would be applicable to any field on the Inter-
net, i.e., these are theoretical studies of general criteria for
the analysis of the information contained in Web spaces
(Codina, 2000; Correa-Uribe, 1999; Jiménez-Piano, 2001;
Smith, 1996, 1997; Tillman, 2000; Zhang & Dran, 2000;
Zimmerman et al., 1997). Others, however, have proposed
applications of general evaluation for such diverse specific
thematic areas as medicine (Aguillo, 2000a; Chu & Chan,
1998; Garrison, 1998; Pendergrass, Nosek, & Holcomb,
2001), chemistry (Yates, 2000), government Web spaces
(Smith, 2001), and specialized libraries (Osorio, 2001), inter
alia. Many characteristics have been put forward for analy-
sis, both relating to content such as "depth or level of the-
matic detail" (Smith, 1996), and relating to formal aspects
such as "appropriate contrast between text/background,
images/text, and images/background on the Web" (Codina,
2000, p. 141). From our perspective, most of the characteris-
tics analyzed in these theoretical models are lacking in
precision and are difficult to quantify. To overcome this
problem, certain Web space evaluation models have been
developed based exclusively on the analysis of formal char-
acteristics that can be extracted automatically, thereby en-
suring greater objectivity in the results, as in the cases of
Woodruff et al. (1996), Nicholas, Huntington, and Williams
(2002), and Faba-Pérez (2003).
In the latter case, i.e., the group of link-based indicators,
other workers have proposed the use of citation analysis
techniques similar to those applied to printed scientific publi-
cations to reveal the structure of relationships on theWeb and
to evaluate the quality of the content. Assuming that the out-
Comparative Analysis of Webometric Measurements
in Thematic Environments
Cristina Faba-Pérez, Felipe Zapico-Alonso, and Vicente P. Guerrero-Bote
Library and Information Science Faculty, University of Extremadura, Alcazaba de Badajoz (Antiguo Hospital
Militar), 06071 Badajoz, Spain. E-mail: {cfabper, fzapalo, email@example.com
Félix de Moya-Anegón
Library and Information Science Faculty, University of Granada, Campus Cartuja, Colegio Máximo, 18071
Granada, Spain. E-mail: email@example.com
Received October 16, 2003; revised April 12, 2004; accepted May 17, 2004
© 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. •Published online 24 March 2005 in Wiley
InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/asi.20161
Page 2
780JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY—June 2005
citations (Price, 1970) of traditional scientific publications,
ing the "sitations."This analogy has found opposing opinions
1997; Björneborn & Ingwersen, 2001; Cronin, 2001;
In principle, all the links connecting Web documents are
equivalent to each other, i.e., the Web in itself expresses no
preference for one or another link. However, the connectiv-
ity of the network of links that is formed between Web
spaces contains implicit information about the comparative
importance of certain links with respect to others. Hence,
documents of greater quality—which contain clear, precise,
and useful information—are linked to many other docu-
ments, so that a document's total number of inlinks may be
considered as a measure of its importance (Heylighen,
2000). Unlike such "traditional" search engines as AltaVista,
Infoseek, HotBot, Lycos, and Excite that use statistical IR
techniques with some added heuristics for weighting to de-
termine the ranking of the retrieved pages, other link-based
search engines and prototypes have been developed that
have obtained greater relevance in their responses to queries.
Examples are the Automatic Resource Compiler (ARC) pro-
totype developed in the framework of the Clever Project and
which implements the HITS algorithm (Kleinberg, 1998),
the Google search engine that implements the PageRank
algorithm (Brin & Page, 1998; Page et al., 1998), and the
WebQuery system that displays the end results using a pro-
totype of a visualization tool named VANISH (Carrière-
Nortel & Kazman, 1999).
Besides its contribution to the development of search
services, analysis of the Web's link structure (Faba-Pérez,
Guerrero-Bote, & Moya-Anegón 2003a, 2003b, 2004;
Thelwall, 2001b; Thelwall & Smith, 2002) also forms part of
the field of Social Networks that is centered on the identifi-
cation and analysis of structures starting from the analysis of
the relationships that exist between determined elements, in-
dependently of the attributes or characteristics of those
elements (Wassermann & Faust, 1994). This field of study
assumes that those structures exert some type of influence on
the behavior of the elements that make up the system
(Molina, Muñoz, & Losego, 2000). One of the ideas that
guided the first studies in network analysis was that of the
"centrality" of the different social actors forming part of the
networks, giving rise to various "centrality measures." In
this sense, although the concept of "centrality" is mostly as-
sociated with the comparative positions of the nodes of a
graph, it occasionally also alludes to another completely dif-
ferent problem—that of the degree of centralization of the
graph as a whole. Thus, Freeman (1979) distinguishes be-
tween "point centrality" and "graph centrality," and Scott
(1991) identifies these two concepts as "centrality" and
"centralization," respectively.
In general terms, two concepts in Social Network
Analysis—centrality and prestige—refer to the weight that a
given node has in a network. Centrality and centralization
are appropriate indicators of both directed and undirected
networks. Prestige indicators only have meaning in directed
networks. The latter lie outside the scope of the present
work, although they will be dealt with in subsequent studies.
In the present work we compare the behavior of different
webometric indicators in a generic thematic environment—
the case of Extremadura (a region in Spain). The indicators
proposed and calculated for the Web spaces of this environ-
ment belong to the aforementioned two principal categories.
On the one hand, we have developed and applied indicators
based on formal characteristics—number of pages, and log-
arithm of the number of pages; weight of Web spaces ac-
cording to the weighted sum of their formal characteristics;
weight plus logarithm of the number of pages. On the other
hand, we have developed and applied webometric measures
based on a Web space's links—web impact factor; inlinks re-
ceived by the Web spaces; betweenness; PageRank provided
by Google and calculated mathematically. Whenever possi-
ble in this latter group of measurements, we introduced an-
other variable: the source of the inlinks—internal when they
came from the Web site's own environment (even though
they might be external to the site itself), and external when
they came from the rest of the Internet.
Our starting hypothesis is thus that all these indicators of
the formal quality and importance or centrality of Web
spaces should be correlated (since, though in principle the
two concepts—quality and centrality—are not equivalent,
one would assume that if the formal quality of Web spaces is
high then other spaces will recognize their value by means of
links), and that, although they all measure certain aspects,
those that are the most correlated with the rest will be the
most representative of the set of indicators studied.
The novelty of the present work is hence not in defining
new indicators, but in the study of their application a set of
thematically related Web spaces and analyzing the relation-
ships between the different indicators on the basis of how
they each evolve. We thereby determine: (a) which are the
specialized indicators that measure particular aspects and
whose values are unrelated to the rest, and (b) which are the
indicators that are related to most of the others and therefore
take into account in an overall sense all of the aspects mea-
sured by the other indicators.
Material and Method (Data and Measurements)
The data used in the study corresponded to 1,180 "Web
spaces" with their relationship to the Extremadura region
in common. We located this population by looking for a
source that gave us a set of Web spaces specializing in Ex-
tremadura from which we could retrieve new Web spaces
on Extremadura by following the outlinks. Taking as the
principal evaluation criterion the "authority" of the source,
we selected "Extremadura on Internet," the Web server of
Page 3
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY—June 2005 781
the Junta of Extremadura (the local government of the
Autonomous Community), which compiles URLs of and
about the region of Extremadura (http://www.juntaex.es/
todoweb). On the basis of this compilation and of the links
obtained from the Web spaces themselves, we generated
a database of 1,180 elements related to Extremadura. The
database consists of three categories of URL: Web sites,
Web pages including personal pages, and sets of Web pages
hosted on other servers. We considered the three categories
conjointly under the generic term of "Web spaces" from/
about Extremadura, at least for their retrieval.
The indicators studied were the following:
Web Impact Factor (WIF). This is a relative indicator and has
been one of the most studied in cybermetric analyses
(Ciolek, 1997; Ingwersen, 1998; Rodríguez i Gairín, 1997;
Smith, 1999a; Thelwall, 2001a; Thomas & Willet, 2000). It
can be expressed by the general formula:
where the numerator represents the number of links entering
a given Web space (i.e., its number of sitations). Ingwersen
defines it as: "The logical sum of the number of external and
self-link web pages pointing to a given country or web site
divided by the number of pages found in that country or web
site, at a given point in time" (1998, p. 237), where the ex-
ternal Web pages are those that do not belong to that given
country or Web site and that link, at least once, to it, and the
internal Web pages are those that belong to that country or
Web site and that link, at least once, to it.
In our case, using the retrieval possibilities of AltaVista
and our own database with the pages and outlinks of the set
of 1,180 pages, we calculated two types of WIF that we
denominate Internal- and External-WIF:
• Internal-WIF: relates the number of inlinks of each of
the 1,180 URLs of our population that come from the
population itself to the number of internal pages of
that population.
• External-WIF: relates the number of inlinks of each
of the 1,180 URLs of our population that come from
the rest of the Internet to the number of internal pages
of the population.
Internal Inlinks and External Inlinks.These are linear indicators
that coincide, respectively, with the numerators of the Inter-
nal-WIF (number of inlinks of each of the 1,180 URLs of
our population that come from the population itself) and of
the External-WIF (number of inlinks of each of the 1,180
URLs of our population that come from the rest of the
Betweenness. This is a measure of "centrality" used in Social
Networks Analysis that determines to what degree a node
acts as intermediary between other nodes by being located
on the path between them. In a Social Network, the nodes
represent different social actors and an arc represents a union
that has been established between two of them. In the pre-
sent work, the nodes are the 1,180 Extremadura Web spaces
of the study population and the arcs are the links that exist
between them. The betweenness is a count of how often a
WIF ?Number of the web space,s inlinks
Number of the web space,s pages
node appears on the geodesic paths (the shortest routes
between each pair of nodes of the network).
Google PageRank (G.PR.). Google is a search engine that uses
the link structure of the Web itself to retrieve relevant results
for a query. Google's results are ranked according to their
popularity index in terms of links (Cornella, 2000). The
model implements the PageRank algorithm which deter-
mines each Web page's individual rank in the retrieval ac-
cording not only to the number of other Web pages that link
to it (sitors), but also to the PageRank and the total number
of outlinks of the sitor pages (Brin & Page, 1998; Page et al.,
1998). In the present study, the value of this indicator is the
PageRank displayed in Google's toolbar for each of the 1180
Web spaces of our study population.
PR1. Applying the PageRank formula (Brin & Page, 1998), we
calculated PR1:
PR1(A) ? (1 ? d) ? d ? (PR1(T1)?C1(T1) ????
? PR1(Tn)?C1(Tn))
• PR1(A) it is the PageRank of A (which will
correspond to each of the 1,180 Extremadura Web
• T1,...,Tn are the Web spaces of the study population
that are sitors of A (i.e., that have links to A).
• C1(Tn) is the number of outlinks of Tn whose target is
one of the 1,180 Web spaces of the study population.
• d is a damping factor which can be set between 0 and
1. According to Brin & Page (1998), it is usually set to
0.85, which is therefore the value we shall use.
PR2. Applying the PageRank formula (Brin & Page, 1998), we
also calculated PR2:
PR2(A) ? (1 ? d) ? d ? (PR2(T1)?C2(T1) ????
? PR2(Tn)?C2(Tn))
• PR2(A) is the PageRank of A (corresponding to each
of the 1,180 Extremadura Web spaces).
• T1,...,Tn are the Web spaces of the study population
that are sitors of A (i.e., that have links to A).
• C2(Tn) is the total number of outlinks of Tn.
• d is a damping factor which can be set between 0
and 1. Following Brin & Page (1998), we set d to
Pages and Log(Pages). As indicated by their names, these indi-
cators measure, respectively, the number of internal pages
associated with each of the 1,180 Extremadura Web spaces,
and the logarithm of that number.
Weight. There have been many studies aimed at evaluating Web
spaces on the basis both of the information that they provide
and of their form. The ultimate goal of such studies is to
identify the characteristics of Web spaces that best satisfy
the requirements of users who browse through them (Ma,
2002). Following the idea mentioned above, be more objec-
tive, this indicator is based exclusively on the formal charac-
teristics of Web spaces, in particular, all those that we have
been able to determine automatically for each page. For
these characteristics to be equivalent for purposes of com-
parison (i.e., equiparable), it was first necessary to assign
them a weight according to their relevance for retrieval of
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782JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY—June 2005
TABLE 1. Formal characteristics and associated weights.
Positive characteristics WeightNegative characteristics Weight
New pages
External links
"Dublin Core" metadata
Main metadataa
Hypertextual density
Multimedia density
Small pages
Broken external links
Broken internal links
Pages with no title
Slow pages
Broken anchors
Links with non-critical problems ?0.1
Pages with no image attributes
Old pages
Deep pages
aMain metadata includes a subset of metadata or meta tags considered
of special relevance for access to the information (Author, Creator,
Keywords, Subject, Description, Title, and Date).
any requested information. To this end, we chose a range of
weights from ?0.5 to 0.3, with, positive weights corre-
sponding to those that were considered desirable character-
istics and negative weights to those considered undesirable
characteristics, and varied the values to make the results
equiparable (a complete justification of the values is given
in Faba-Pérez, 2003 and Faba-Pérez, Guerrero-Bote, &
Moya-Anegón, 2004, 2005). The characteristics considered
are (Faba-Pérez et al., 2005):
New Pages. Pages that have changed in the last month.
External Links. Links from a given Web space to another Web
space different from that of the origin (external outlinks).
The greater or lesser number of external outlinks will deter-
mine the "brightness" of the originating Web space (Bray,
1996; Codina, 2000).
"Dublin Core" Metadata. The DCMES (Dublin Core Metadata
Element Set) subset of META tags, consisting of 15 ele-
ments relating to content (Coverage, Description, Type,
Relation, Source, Subject, Title), to intellectual property
(Contributor, Creator, Publisher, Rights), and to specific
aspects of the document's configuration (Date, Format,
Identifier, Language).
Main Metadata. This characteristic includes a subset of Meta-
data considered of special relevance for access to the infor-
mation (Author, Creator, Keywords, Subject, Description,
Title, Date).
Hypertextual Density. Number of HTML links per page of the
Web space.
Multimedia Density. Number of multimedia objects per page of
the Web space.
Small Pages. Pages smaller than 3 KB.
Broken Links (External and Internal). Broken outlinks in a Web
space. The possible causes include: File Not Found, Cannot
Connect, Host Not Found, and Time Out.
Pages With No Title. Pages with a blank (null or white space) in
the Title HTML tag or with no such tag.
Slow Pages. Pages (generally larger than 50 KB) that take more
than 20 or 30 seconds to load.
Broken Anchors. Broken anchors in Web spaces, i.e., problems
of hypertext linking to places within a document.
Links With Non-Critical Problems. Outlinks in Web spaces that
do not function correctly because of some type of problem
considered of minor importance (e.g., Temporary or Perma-
nent Redirect).
Pages With No Image Attributes. Pages with images that have
no Height, Width, or Alt attribute assignments.
Old Pages. Pages that have been unchanged for the last
6 months.
Deep Pages. Pages that require more than four clicks to get
to/from the front page.
Table 1 shows their corresponding weights.
The weight (Ws) obtained by each of the 1,180 Web
spaces of our study is calculated as the weighted sum of its
formal characteristics (Faba-Pérez, 2003):
wi xi
• wi is the weight assigned to the i-th characteristic
(with n being the number of characteristics of each
Web space).
• xiisthenumberofoccurrencesofthei-thcharacteristic.
Weight ? Logarithmic Factor (LF). This indicator is the above
weight with the addition of a size factor, implemented as a
logarithmic factor of the number of pages in the Web site
(Faba-Pérez, 2003). Specifically, the additional factor is the
logarithm of the number of pages multiplied by 10 to match
the scale of the two terms.
Results and Discussion
After calculating the webometric indicators described
above for each of the 1,180 Web spaces of our data set, we
then generated a 12 ? 12 Pearson correlation matrix in
which the rows and columns represent the 12 indicators and
each element is the Pearson correlation coefficient between
the corresponding variables (indicators). Because of the
great number of cases used, all these correlations are signif-
icant at the two-tailed 0.01 level, even correlations of 0.09 in
value. Table 2 presents the essential part of the resulting ma-
trix, for the sake of facilitating the interpretation including
only the cases where the correlation is very strong (greater
than 0.700), substantial (between 0.500 and 0.699), or mod-
erate (between 0.300 and 0.499) (Ferreiro-Aléez, 1993). The
related pairs of indices corresponding to these three classes
of correlation are as follows:
1. Pairs of indicators with a very strong correlation
(?0.700): PR1 ? PR2; PR1 ? Int. Inlinks; PR2 ? Int.
Log(Pages) ? Weight ? LF;
Weight; and Weight ? LF ? Weight.
2. Pairsofindicatorswithasubstantialcorrelation(between
0.500 and 0.699): Betweenness ? PR1; Betweenness ?
PR2; Betweenness ? Int. Inlinks; PR1 ? Ext. Inlinks;
PR2 ? Ext. Inlinks; and Int. Inlink ? Ext. Inlinks.
3. Pairs of indicators with a moderate correlation (between
0.300 and 0.499): Ext. Inlinks ? Pages; Ext. Inlinks ?
Log(Pages); Ext. Inlinks ? Weight ? LF; Pages ?
Log(Pages); and Pages ? Weight ? LF.
Log(Pages) ?
Page 5
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY—June 2005 783
g. pr
int. links
ext. wif
int. wif
ext. links.
correlation matrix (two-dimensional space).
Multidimensional scaling of the indicators on the basis of the
TABLE 2.Correlation matrix between the webometric indicators.
Int. WIF
Ext. WIF
PR2 Int. InlinksExt. Inlinks
Pages Log(pages) Weight ? LF
Int. WIF
Ext. WIF
Int. Inlinks
Ext. Inlinks
Weight ? LF
1.000.46 0.310.30
indicators. This result can only be attributed to the rest of
the correlations whose value is less than 0.3 and that are
not given in Table 2.
2. Clustering. Measurements that are more related to each
other should appear together in the space of Figure 1. In-
deed, one sees in the overview provided by the figure that
there seem to be four clusters of indicators: the central (as
mentioned above), those related to formal characteristics
(Weight, Weight ? LF, and Log(Pages)), the link-related
measures (PR1, PR2, and Int. Inlinks), and the indepen-
dent indicators (WIFs and G.PR.).
3. Identification of the axes. The horizontal axis starts from
the indicators that have very strong relationships and
form part of the most clearly defined clusters (formal and
link-based indicators), then passes through those that
have more general relationships without these being very
strong (Ext. Inlinks, Betweenness, and Pages), and ends
in the independent measurements (G.PR., WIFs). The
that one can classify the indicators into three groups:
1. Indicators that measure formal characteristics.
2. Indicators based on the links established between Web
spaces. Within this group there was a greater correlation
between measurements based on the inlinks from the
same set of the 1,180 Web spaces.
3. Within the group of link-based indicators, there was a set
of webometric indicators that remained independent, and
consequently had no linear correlation with any other
indicator. These were Int. WIF, Ext. WIF, and G.PR.
The (substantial) correlation between the centrality
measure (Betweenness) on the one hand and the Inlinks (Ex-
ternal and Internal) and the two PR indicators based on the
internal link structure on the other was not necessarily to be
expected because, although both measures take all the links
into account, the former also includes such other factors as
the relationships between originating and destination nodes.
dicator that is related to other indicators belonging to both
Weight), thereby lending cohesion to the set of indicators.
The results of applying the Multidimensional Scaling
(MDS) technique to the entire correlation matrix of the
12 indicators are shown in Figure 1. They correspond to a
stress of 0.15648. In the interpretation, we followed the four
basic elements proposed by White and Griffith (1981):
1. Center/Periphery. For White and Griffith, in the MDS of
an Author Cocitation Analysis (ACA), the most impor-
tant authors of a discipline are found in the center of the
diagram. In our case, we found that the Betweenness and
the Ext. Inlinks are quasi-centered, which indicates that
they occupy a privileged position on the map. In a certain
sense, the measures located in the center are those that
are most related to the group as a whole, and that could
therefore be regarded as a compendium of the rest. The
greatest centrality is that of the indicator Pages, reflect-
ing the influence of size (number of pages) on the other
Page 6
784JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY—June 2005
vertical axis goes from the measures related to the link
structure (PR1, Int. Inlinks, PR2, Ext. Inlinks, and
Betweenness) to the independent indicators, and finally
to measures based on the formal characteristics.
4. Relationships between nearby elements. The closer two
indicators are in the MDS, the greater is the relationship
indicators Betweenness and Ext. Inlinks on the one hand,
and Weight ? LF and Log(Pages) on the other merit par-
ticular attention (the latter relationship is quite logical
the two indicators). One observes that in both cases these
are pairs belonging to the same groups of indicators.
We have used a thematic Web environment to analyze the
relationships between several webometric measures belong-
ing to two groups of indicators (one based on the formal
characteristics of Web spaces and the other on their link
structure). The results lead to the following conclusions:
1. Each indicator is more closely related to those which are
clustered within the same group, as was to be expected
(since they were calculated in terms of the same or simi-
lar characteristics).
2. The G.PR. indicator remained independent of the re-
mainder of the measures, including PR1 and PR2 which
are PageRanks calculated by means of the original
3. Neither were the Int. WIF or Ext. WIF related to the rest
of the measures, although we found that the linear indi-
cators forming their respective numerators and denomi-
nator (Int. and Ext. Inlinks–numerator—and Pages–
denominator) were correlated with other measures. We
therefore consider that it is the relative character of the
WIFs that triggers their independence.
4. The Ext. Inlinks, a measure of the visibility of Web
spaces (Bray, 1996; Codina, 2000), was the indicator that
correlated with most other indicators.
5. We have demonstrated the linear dependence of the
Betweenness of Web spaces in this closed environment
and their importance with respect to the sitations that
they receive, since this indicator presents a substantial
correlation with PR1, PR2, and Int. Inlinks, and a moder-
ate correlation with Ext. Inlinks.
6. The Ext. Inlinks and the Betweenness, as well as being
very intensely correlated with each other, are two of the
most centrally positioned indicators, and therefore most
related to the rest.
7. The size of the Web spaces in number of pages was found
to be more representative than was expected beforehand.
In sum, the indicators that were found to be the most rep-
resentative were those occupying a central position in the
map of Figure 1, because they have a greater correlation in
the set of all the indicators considered than the indicators on
the periphery. The peripheral indicators could be said to be
more specialized, while the central indicators provide a
more balanced representation of the set of characteristics.
This work was financed by the Junta de Extremadura—
Consejería de Educación Ciencia & Tecnología—and the
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Argentine No 1 Juan Martin del Potro has made himself unavailable for the 2013 Davis Cup World Group opener against Germany from February 1-3, captain Martin Jaite said on Sunday.
"We sent emails to all the players likely to be selected and asked them to respond before December 10. Del Potro didn't answer. On December 20, he then sent me an SMS to tell me that he was not available," Jaite told La Nacion.
"The relationship with Del Potro isn't broken, the doors of the team are always open to him."
Without world No 7 Del Potro, Argentina may struggle to progress in the Davis Cup where this year they were beaten 3-2 in the semifinals by eventual champions, the Czech Republic.


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Twenty-five members of Wauwatosa's ESPRIT Poms are packing their bags for sunny Orlando, Florida where they will join 250 more dancers to march down Disney World's Main Street in the "Dreams Come True" parade on Sunday, February 19th. Esprit will also perform at Epcot, and the Theater of Stars in Hollywood Studios in a two-hour production featuring Esprit and 13 other dance teams. All of this is made possible by Badgerette Pompon, Inc. who has put together the 15th Anniversary Badgerette All Star Talent Tour, featuring "The Best in the Midwest."
The squads headed to Disney are especially excited that this is not a competition, but a celebration with those who were honored this past summer for their excellence at Badgerette's Midwest Invitational in Schaumburg, Illinois. Esprit was awarded: Class A Champions; Class A Open Pom Routine (1st Place); Midwest Competition Routine - "Edge of Glory" (10th Place); Best Original Choreography; Team Kickline (5th Place/TOP 6 Disney Tour Honorees); Overall Open Pom Routines (8th Place); and, The Best in the Midwest 2011-12 (7th Place Overall).
After Esprit returns from Disney, they will conduct open tryouts. The senior team, comprised of students entering 8th through 12th grade, will conduct an informational meeting on Thursday, March 22nd at Washington Elementary School's gym, at 6:30pm. Tryout packets will be distributed and an overview of the season will be presented to anyone who is interested in becoming a part of this exciting team. Parents are encouraged to attend with students. Following the brief meeting, interested tryout candidates will learn basic pompon & dance team skills along with a portion of a basic tryout routine. Tryout rehearsals will continue on March 27, 28, & 29 at Washington Elementary (6:30pm-8pm). Final evaluations and team selection will take place on Saturday, March 31st, at Wauwatosa West High School's cafeteria, from 8am-Noon.
Esprit's JUNIOR team, comprised of students entering 5th through 8th grade will also conduct tryouts starting with an informational meeting on April 3rd at Washington Elementary School starting @ 6:30pm. Tryout packets will be distributed and an overview of the season will be presented. Parents are encouraged to attend with students. Following this brief meeting, interested candidates will stay to learn pompon basics and a portion of a tryout routine. Final evaluations and team selection will take place on Thursday, April 5th at Washington.
Interested candidates do not need to prepare anything prior to tryouts - we will teach you all you need to know. If interested candidates have a conflict with any of the tryout rehearsals or final evaluations, contact Esprit's coach at email@example.com or (414) 243-1938 to arrange an alternate/private audition.
Esprit was established in 1990 through the Wauwatosa Recreation Department, and is celebrating 22 years of excellence and good sportsmanship this year. Call Esprit's Coach if you would like more details about the program or visit our website at http://www.wauwatosaespritboosters.com/www.wauwatosaespritboosters.com/Home.html .
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2014-03-23, 08:19 | Link #1 |
Junior Member
Join Date: Mar 2014
[Log Horizon] Translator needed - Japanese to English
Hello there!
I am a member of a greek fansubbing group and we are currently translating Log Horizon in greek. I need someone to translate (from Japanese to English) some signs in the episode, such as these: Spoiler for Image:
There are about 10 such signs in each episode, so it won't be of much difficulty for someone that speaks Japanese and English. Anyone willing to help? |
2014-03-29, 13:01 | Link #2 |
Join Date: Apr 2006
If u didnt get any response. You can try asking on this thread on this other forum
http://forum.koohii.com/viewtopic.ph...401&action=new You can also look it up yourself on jisho.org by looking up by the radicals of the kanji
2014-03-30, 12:05 | Link #4 |
Senior Member
Join Date: Dec 2008
He meant the "Kanji by radicals" function of jisho.org, you don't need OCR for that. For example "肉" consists of (2x) "人" and "冂". The radicals and Kanji are ordered by number of strokes. The dark blue Kanji are those commonly used ("jouyou kanji").
Windows also has an "IME pad" which lets you draw characters with the mouse and the IME pad will OCR them as you paint. |
Thread Tools | |


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Three honored as Teachers on the Rise
Three Lubbock teachers were honored as Teachers on the Rise recipients.
Katherine Solis, kindergarten teacher at Overton Elementary (Lubbock Independent School District); Brad James, math teacher at Christ The King Cathedral School (Lubbock/private school); and Kourtney McMillan, English teacher at Monterey High School (LISD) were honored at their schools Tuesday morning, April 30.
Recipients are nominated by students and parents at www.MrsBTeacher.com.
The program is sponsored by Mrs Baird's, along with United Supermarkets, Market Street, Amigos, the Texas Classroom Teachers Association, 102.5 KISS-FM and KOOL 98-FM.