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US 7588797 B2 Abstract A chemical composition and method for repairing a thermal barrier coating on a component designed for use in a hostile thermal environment, such as turbine, combustor and augmentor components of a gas turbine engine. The method repairs a thermal barrier coating on a component that has suffered localized damage to the thermal barrier coating. After cleaning the surface area of the component exposed by the localized spallation, a paste-like mixture of a ceramic composition comprising ceramic powders and nano-sized ceramic materials in a binder is applied to the surface area of the component, and is optionally smoothed using mechanical means. The composition is then allowed to dry and cure to form a dried coating having polymeric characteristics. Upon subsequent heating, the dried coating reacts to produce a glassy ceramic repair coating. Due to the thixotropic properties of the coating composition upon application to a component, the repair method can be performed in-situ while the component remains installed in its operating environment.
Claims(16) 1. A method for locally repairing a damaged thermal barrier coating on a component surface, the method comprising the steps of:
providing a ceramic coating composition comprising ceramic powders provided in two predetermined particle size ranges of less than 1 micron but greater than 30 nanometers and between about 45 microns to about 75 microns, respectively, at least one nano-sized ceramic material having a particle size of no greater than 30 nanometers, and a binder, the binder being chosen from the group consisting of ceramic precursor binders that thermally decompose to form a refractory material, and a solvent, the composition mixed to uniformly distribute the ceramic powders, nano-sized ceramic material, the binder, and the solvent;
applying the ceramic coating composition on a surface area of the component exposed by the localized damage;
mechanically smoothing the composition to form an uncured coating, the uncured coating composition characterized by the ability to flow when subjected to a mechanical stress and to remain in place when the mechanical stress is removed; and
evaporating the solvent and curing the coating composition for a period sufficient to yield a dried coating that covers the surface area of the component, the dried coating comprising the ceramic powders and nano-sized ceramic material in a polymeric matrix.
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Description This invention relates to thermal barrier coatings for components exposed to high temperatures, such as the hostile thermal environment of a gas turbine engine. More particularly, this invention is directed to a composition and method for repairing a thermal barrier coating that has suffered localized spallation due to thermal fatigue and stress, poor coating processes, coating defects, localized damage, impact damage and other mechanical damage, or defective coating areas on new or used parts. Higher operating temperatures for gas turbine engines are continuously sought in order to increase their efficiency. However, as operating temperatures increase, the high temperature durability of the components of the engine must correspondingly increase. Significant advances in high temperature capabilities have been achieved through the formulation of nickel and cobalt-base superalloys. Nonetheless, when used to form components of the turbine, combustor and augmentor sections of a gas turbine engine, such alloys alone are often susceptible to damage by oxidation and hot corrosion attack and may not retain adequate mechanical properties. For this reason, these components are often protected by an environmental and/or thermal-insulating coating, the latter of which is termed a thermal barrier coating (TBC) system. Ceramic materials, and particularly yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), are widely used as a thermal barrier coating (TBC), or topcoat, of TBC systems used on gas turbine engine components. These particular materials are widely employed because they can be readily deposited by plasma spray, flame spray and vapor deposition techniques. A commonly used type of TBC is a coating based on zirconia stabilized with yttria, for example about 93 wt. % zirconia stabilized with about 7 wt. % yttria. This general type of TBC has been reported in such United States patents as U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,055,705, 4,328,285, and 5,236,745, which are incorporated herein by reference. Such TBC coatings have a relatively rough surface and do not provide adequate heat energy reflection for certain applications. In addition, application of certain TBC coatings requires use of apparatus having a controlled atmosphere or vacuum. Accordingly, such coatings and methods cannot be effectively utilized in field repairs. To be effective, TBC systems must have low thermal conductivity, strongly adhere to the component, and remain adherent throughout many heating and cooling cycles. The latter requirement is particularly demanding due to the different coefficients of thermal expansion between ceramic topcoat materials and the superalloy substrates they protect. To promote adhesion and extend the service life of a TBC system, a bond coat is often employed. Bond coats are typically in the form of overlay coatings such as MCrAlX (where M is iron, cobalt and/or nickel, and X is yttrium or another rare earth element), or diffusion aluminide coatings. During the deposition of the ceramic TBC and subsequent exposures to high temperatures, such as during engine operation, these bond coats form a tightly adherent alumina (Al2O3) layer or oxide scale that adheres the TBC to the bond coat. The service life of a TBC system is typically limited by a spallation event brought on by thermal fatigue and stress, coating defects, mechanical damage, wear, and the like. Accordingly, a significant challenge of TBC systems has been to obtain a more adherent ceramic layer that is less susceptible to spalling when subjected to thermal cycling. Though significant advances have been made, there is the inevitable requirement to repair components whose thermal barrier coatings have spalled. Though spallation typically occurs in localized regions or patches, the conventional repair method has been to completely remove the thermal barrier coating, restore or repair the bond layer surface as necessary, and then recoat the entire component. Prior art techniques for removing TBC's include grit blasting or chemically stripping with an alkaline solution at high temperatures and pressures. However, grit blasting is a slow, labor-intensive process and erodes the surface beneath the coating. With repetitive use, the grit blasting process eventually destroys the component. The use of an alkaline solution to remove a thermal barrier coating is also less than ideal, since the process requires the use of an autoclave operating at high temperatures and pressures. Consequently, conventional repair methods are labor-intensive and expensive, and can be difficult to perform on components with complex geometries, such as airfoils and shrouds. As an alternative, U.S. Pat. No. 5,723,078 to Nagaraj et al. teaches selectively repairing a spalled region of a TBC by texturing the exposed surface of the bond coat, and then depositing a ceramic material on the textured surface by plasma spraying. While avoiding the necessity to strip the entire TBC from a component, the repair method taught by Nagaraj et al. still requires removal of the component from the engine assembly in order to deposit the ceramic material, and further requires the use of plasma spraying apparatus to effect the repair. Moreover, existing sprayable TBC materials require some type of post drying or firing in order to be stabilized prior to high temperature use, and therefore are ineffective for in-situ field repairs. Tape materials require an autoclave to apply, and are thus not feasible for in-situ repairs. While plasma sprayed materials do not all require post-deposition heating, such materials have much rougher finishes, and cannot be applied in the field for in-situ repairs without spraying powder throughout the rest of the engine (which requires a major cleaning step prior to subsequent engine operation). In the case of aircraft turbine engines and large power generation turbines, removing the turbine from service for repairs results in significant costs in terms of labor and downtime. For these reasons, removing components having TBCs that have suffered only localized spallation is not economically desirable. As a result, components identified as having spalled TBC are often analyzed to determine whether the spallation has occurred in a high stress area, and a judgment is then made as to the risk of damage to the turbine due to the reduced thermal protection of the component that could lead to catastrophic failure of the component. If the decision is to continue operation, the spalled component must typically be scrapped at the end of operation because of the thermal damage inflicted while operating the component without complete TBC coverage. Additionally, some newer TBCs utilize a smoothing layer over the TBC for better heat rejection and air flow. Currently, there is no known way at present to replace this smoothing layer having a very smooth finish on damaged TBC. Accordingly, it would be desirable if a repair method were available that could be performed on localized spalled areas of TBC on turbine hardware in field and in situ, without necessitating that the component be removed from the turbine, so that downtime and scrappage are minimized. It would also be desirable to repair a smoothing layer on a damaged TBC in a manner that restores the very smooth finish of the smoothing layer, as well as restoring the heat rejection and airflow properties of the smoothing layer. It would further be desirable to provide an improved smoothing coating for repair of damaged TBC that is easy to apply by caulking, spackling or brushing in-situ. The present invention provides a chemical composition and method for repairing a thermal barrier coating on a component that has suffered due to spallation, fatigue, stress damage, poor coating processes, mechanical damage, or wear of the thermal barrier coating. The use of the methods and compositions of the present invention is particularly applicable for in-field repair of TBC coatings having spallation damage with a spall damage depth of between about 1 to about 50 mils (0.001 inch to 0.050 inch). For spalls having a depth of over 20 mils and approaching 50 mils, the composition of the present invention can be provided using a lower weight percentage of solvent, yielding putty-like properties to allow application of the composition using a blade or putty knife and to permit working and smoothing before drying. The composition demonstrates thixotropic properties as a result of its selected components, and particularly the inclusion of at least one nano-sized ceramic material, such as fine or fumed ceramic material. The amount of nano-sized ceramic material such as alumina (Al2O3), titanium dioxide (TiO2), calcium oxide (CaO), magnesium oxide (MgO), or silicone dioxide (SiO2) is provided so as to impart thixotropic properties to the coating composition. The thixotropic properties are very important in allowing the coating to be applied in a non-controlled environment such as an on-wing turbine engine assembly. Even though the coating dries relatively quickly depending upon solvent selection and solvent content, time for polymerization and other stabilizing chemical and physical interactions can be 8 hours or longer. The thixotropic nature of the coating composition allows it to be applied to a surface, regardless of surface orientation, by a variety of processes without running, slumping, or sagging while it dries, and further allows the coating to be worked as necessary. As used herein, the term thixotropic refers to a property of a material composition that enables it to flow when subjected to a mechanical force such as a shear stress or when agitated and return to a gel-like form when the mechanical force is removed. This definition is consistent with the definition of thixotropy as set forth in Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary (Thirteenth Edition) and the Encyclopedia Britannica. This property allows the coating to be applied in a production or field repair environment to damaged surfaces having complex geometries, including but not limited to spalled areas of TBC coated components such as turbine blades and shrouds, without exposing the undamaged component surfaces underlying or adjacent to the damaged surfaces to slumping, running or dripping of the coating. These important thixotropic properties allow the coating to be applied to a surface by any one of a number of processes such as spraying, dipping, brushing etc. The applied coating will not flow due to the effects of gravity such as by slumping, running, or dripping after application. However, the coating will flow if it is subjected to a mechanical shear stress, allowing it to be worked, if so desired. Thus, during the early stages of the drying period the coating can be worked if necessary. Of course, the ability to work the coating will be gradually diminished during the drying period, wherein the solvent evaporates to form a coating including binder particles having polymeric bonds therebetween. The drying period is dependent on the evaporation of solvent and drying and the resulting formation of polymeric bonds or �curing� of the binder, up until drying is complete. These properties allow the coating to overcome problems of dripping and running experienced with other coatings, which problems can leave portions of the substrate uncoated. Once applied and permitted to dry for about 8 hours at room temperature, the composition is stable and the resulting dry and partially cured coating is ready for high temperature use. Thermal shock data on as-dried material was capable of withstanding temperatures of about 2000� F., and IR reflection improvements were noted. Additionally, upon heat treatment, such as firing by engine operation, the coating becomes fully cured, and is at least partially converted to a ceramic matrix that includes ceramic materials. The matrix coating exhibits lower roughness or Ra values than TBCs applied by other methods. In any event, the coating formed by curing and firing the applied composition can be smoothed, such as by sanding with a diamond pad, to achieve a desired smoothness. Such post-application smoothing is particularly appropriate for repair of deeper (approaching 50 mils) spalled areas. As a result of the foregoing properties, the coating composition demonstrates adhesion to a wide variety of substrates, including but not limited to bare metal, grit blasted metal, coated metals and coated ceramics of all types, TBCs, and many high temperature composites. The composition and method of the present invention allow on-wing, in-field, in-situ repair of TBC defects in smooth coat finish, and requires no post treatment heating or firing to stabilize the dried coating before high temperature use. The present invention provides for in-situ repair of a TBC coating without the need for post-coating heat treatment commonly required among known TBC repair methods. Indeed, the composition allows for use of room temperature or �cold� application methods to effect a repair of the TBC coating. Alternatively, elevated temperatures can be utilized, such as heat lamp, heat blanket treatment, or heat gun treatment to accelerate drying and curing time, and optionally to at least partially convert the coating to a ceramic matrix, without adversely affecting the desirable properties of the repair coating. The method of applying the chemical composition of the present invention preferably involves application or at room temperature, without the need to apply heat to cure the composition to effect the repair. In one embodiment, after cleaning the surface area of the component exposed by the localized spallation, the chemical composition is applied as a caulk or paste. The caulk or paste can be stored in known packaging and distributing vessels, such as tubes and canisters having distributing nozzles, stems or the like. Depending upon the delivery system used, the dispensed product may require working, such as with a putty knife or blade or other known means for smoothing caulks, pastes, and chemical compositions of similar consistency. Alternatively, in a liquid mixture embodiment, the composition includes a higher percentage of solvent by weight, allowing distribution through known liquid spraying means. After application, the chemical composition forms an even thin layer of ceramic and polymer composition over the over the bond coat or substrate exposed by the spall and the adjacent TBC coating. The solvent carrier then evaporates to leave a thin protective layer of binder and ceramic materials over the surface area of the component. The coating is permitted to dry at ambient temperature, preferably for at least about 8 hours. The dried coating composition has the attributes of a polymer by virtue of polymeric bonds formed within the binder. Drying and curing continues over time, and is further accelerated when the part is optionally exposed to a heat source. However, drying may be accomplished at room temperature. Optionally, the coating is heat treated soon after coating deposition to accelerate the dry and curing time. In the subsequent engine operation, the dried coating is fired in-situ by engine heat which causes the binder to decompose or react to yield a ceramic-including repair coating that covers the surface area of the component, and that comprises the ceramic powder in a matrix of a material formed when the binder is reacted at high temperature for a sufficient period of time. The binder is preferably a ceramic precursor material that can be converted immediately to a glass or ceramic by heating, or allowed to thermally decompose over time to form a glassy ceramic repair coating. Although higher operating temperature causes more of the glass to convert to ceramic, the coating retains at least some glassy characteristics since engine operating temperatures are believed to be insufficient to form a pure ceramic. According to the invention, each step of the repair method can be performed while the component remains installed at ambient temperature, e.g., in the flowpath assembly of an idle gas turbine engine. Within 8 hours after the step of applying the composition at ambient temperature, the turbine engine can resume operation at which time the heat generated by operation of the engine will fire the dried and partially cured coating to produce a glassy ceramic coating. However, the period for drying and curing can be optionally accelerated by application of heat treatment. In view of the above, it can be appreciated that the invention overcomes several disadvantages of prior methods used to repair thermal barrier coatings. In particular, the method of this invention does not require the thermal barrier coating to be completely removed, nor does the invention require removal of the component in order to repair its thermal barrier coating. As a further advantage, the repair process does not require a high temperature application or subsequent high-temperature treatment, since the repair coating exhibits sufficient strength to withstand engine operation, and is cured or fired by engine operation to form a glassy ceramic coating system. Another advantage of the repair is that it requires no special application equipment, and can be done in ambient conditions, i.e. there is no requirement to maintain a controlled atmosphere (such as by establishing an inert gas or vacuum environment) during repair. Additionally, this coating provides a lower roughness finish with improved heat rejection and also provides lower energy transmission. As a result, minimal downtime is necessary to complete the repair and resume operation of the turbine engine. The invention can be used in any gas turbine component having a TBC, such as aircraft engines and turbines for electrical power generation. In the case of power generation turbines, the cost of completely halting power generation for an extended period in order to remove, repair and then reinstall a component that has suffered only localized spallation is avoided. Also avoided is the need to decide whether or not to continue operation of the turbine until the spalled component is no longer salvageable at the risk of damaging the component and the turbine. Other objects and advantages of this invention will be better appreciated from the following detailed description. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following more detailed description of the preferred embodiment, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings which illustrate, by way of example, the principles of the invention. Whenever possible, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts. The present invention is directed to components in the hot section of gas turbine engine assemblies that are protected by thermal barrier coatings for operation within environments characterized by relatively high temperatures, and therefore subjected to severe thermal stresses and thermal cycling. Notable examples of such components include the high and low pressure turbine nozzles and blades, shrouds, combustor liners and augmentor hardware of gas turbine engines for use in aircraft and industrial applications. While the advantages of this invention are particularly applicable to components of gas turbine engines, the invention is generally applicable to any component in which a thermal barrier coating is used to thermally insulate a component from its environment. By way of reference, Applicant hereby incorporates commonly-owned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/735,359 as if fully set forth herein. Represented in Typically, the TBC ceramic layer 16 is deposited by plasma spraying, such as air plasma spraying (APS), although other deposition methods may be used such as EB deposition, PVD or CVD processes. A preferred material for the ceramic layer 16 is an yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), a preferred composition being about 4 to about 8 weight percent yttria, though other ceramic materials could be used, such as yttria, nonstabilized zirconia, or zirconia stabilized by magnesia (MgO), ceria (CeO2), scandia (Sc2O3) and/or other oxides. The ceramic layer 16 is deposited to a thickness that is sufficient to provide the required thermal protection for the component 10, typically on the order of about 50 to about 300 micrometers (about 0.002 to about 0.012 inches) for most gas turbine engine components. However, thicker (up to about 0.0040 inches) TBC applications are possible. As a gas turbine engine component, surfaces of the component 10 are subjected to hot combustion gases during operation of the engine, and are therefore subjected to severe attack by oxidation, corrosion and erosion. Accordingly, the component 10 must remain protected from its hostile operating environment by the TBC system 12. Loss of the ceramic layer 16 due to spallation leads to premature and often rapid deterioration of the component substrate 10. A localized spalled or mechanically damaged region 20 of the ceramic layer 16 is represented in The repair process preferably begins with cleaning the surface 22 exposed by the localized spalled region 20 so as to remove loose oxides and contaminants such as grease, oils and soot, though preferably without damaging the bond coat 14 or removing any residual fragments of the ceramic layer 16 that adhere to the bond coat 14. While various techniques can be used, a preferred method is to remove loose materials and contaminants in and around the spalled or mechanically damaged region 20, and optionally dressing the spalled area by removing a predetermined amount of undamaged TBC, preferably down to the bond coat 14 without damaging the bond coat 14. Additionally, where the bond coat 14 is damaged, the method allows for application of a bond coat 14 over the damaged region prior to applying the coating composition. Prior to application of any bond coat 14 or coating composition, the exposed surface 22 of the damaged region must be cleaned with an evaporable cleaner such as alcohol and/or acetone. This step can be selectively performed to ensure that the surrounding undamaged ceramic layer 16 is not subjected to the procedure. Once cleaned, and optionally dressed and/or re-coated with a bond coat, the spalled region 20 is covered with a ceramic chemical composition 24, as represented by The chemical composition 24 is preferably is a paste-like mixture comprising one or more refractory materials such as ceramic or glass, the refractory material provided in powdered form and provided in at least two predetermined particle size ranges, a binder, one or more nano-sized ceramic materials, and a solvent. Suitable refractory materials include, but are not limited to alumina, zirconia, hafnia, magnesia, titania, calcia, silica, yttria, other refractory ceramic materials, and combinations thereof. Preferably, the refractory material is provided in two particle size ranges; the first range being less than about 1 micron but greater than about 30 nanometers; the second particle size range being between about 45 microns to about 75 microns. The binder is a ceramic precursor material, preferably a silicone or a phosphate-based composition, though it is foreseeable that other ceramic precursor binders could be used, including colloidal or sol gel chemistries that thermally decompose to form refractory oxides, and possibly calcium aluminate cements. The term �nano-sized ceramic material�, as used herein, is defined as a sub-30 nanometer-sized material having ceramic characteristics, such as alumina (Al2O3), titania (TiO2) and silica (SiO2). The nano-sized ceramic material is preferably provided in a particle size of between about 5 to about 30 nanometers, and more preferably between about 10 and about 25 nanometers. The addition of this nano-sized ceramic material represents a significant performance improvement in terms of applying the coating composition, and in resulting coating smoothness and density. It is believed that the nano-sized particles of the ceramic material fills interstices or voids between the refractory materials in the matrix formed by the applied coating to impart thixotropic properties to the coating so that an extremely smooth and wear-resistant finish can be obtained. While any nano-sized version of the above materials will suffice, a particularly suitable material is AEROXIDE� Alu C by Aerosil, a business line of DeGussa AG, Weissfrauenstrasse 9, D-60287 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. AEROXIDE� Alu C is a very fine pyrogenic metal oxide having a high specific surface area, and having a content of Al2O3 of greater than or equal to 99.6 percent based upon ignited material, with an average particle size of 13 nanometers. DeGussa also makes fumed SiO2 and fumed TiO2 in nano-sized particle ranges that can be used as the nano-sized ceramic material in the present invention. Additionally, T-64 (100) alumina, which is a ground alumina product, can be added as an aggregate filler material where the repair area is thicker (such as greater than about 0.0020 inches) and/or where the location and type of repair area make application with a putty knife or blade appropriate. The evaporable solvent of the composition 24 will depend on the particular binder and ceramic ingredients used and the method of application, with the amount being sufficient to fully dissolve the binder. For example, a suitable solvent for the silicone or phosphate-based binder is an alcohol such as denatured alcohol (e.g., ethyl alcohol combined with 5% isopropyl alcohol) and other alcohols, or acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, zylene, and new lower VOC solvents, which may comprise a mixture of organic solvents. If the composition is to e sprayed, the binder and ceramic refractory components are mixed with sufficient solvent to uniformly distribute the components to form a sprayable liquid mixture. If the composition is to be applied as a paste, less solvent is mixed with the binder and ceramic refractory components. According to one preferred embodiment of the invention, the chemical composition includes a mixture of: about 5 to about 65 weight percent alpha alumina powder made of ultra-pure alumina having a purity of about 99.99% and a particle size of less than 1 micron but greater than 30 nanometers, such as SM8 marketed by Baikowski International Corporation; about 5 to about 75 weight percent of a calcined alumina, preferably having a purity of about and 99.8%, and having a particle size predominantly in the range of greater than 45 to less than about 75 microns; such as that marketed by Alcoa Chemical Division as A-14 (325) material; about 4 to about 45 weight percent of a binder, such as a silicone or phosphate binder; about 5 to about 70 weight percent of a nano-sized ceramic material selected from the group consisting of alumina, titanium, dioxide, and silicone dioxide; and about 2 to about 35 weight percent of solvent, such as denatured alcohol or acetone. In another embodiment, a composition that has been found particularly suitable includes about 8 to about 15 weight percent SM8 alumina, about 20 to about 40 weight percent A14 (325) alumina, about 5 to about 20 weight percent silicone, about 30 to about 60 percent nano-sized alumina, and about 2 to about 20 weight percent solvent such as denatured alcohol (e.g. ethyl alcohol combined with 5% isopropyl alcohol), acetone, or denatured alcohol with ethyl acetate and isobutyl ketone added. Examples of other preferred chemical compositions appear in the tables below:
The above are exemplary, and are not limiting. Other combinations and variations of ingredients and amounts are within the scope of the invention. In order to prepare the chemical composition 24, the ceramic powder and nano-sized ceramic material(s) are combined with the binder and solvent in an amount sufficient to preferably form a paste-like mixture. A ceramic to binder ratio of about 8 to 1 is generally preferred, such as when using the above-noted combinations. Although a paste-like mixture is preferred, additional solvent can be provided to yield a more fluid mixture if spraying application methods are to be used. Preferred binders include silicone resins manufactured by GE Silicones under the names SR350 and SR355, and classified as a methylsesquisiloxane mixture of the polysiloxane family in amounts of up to about 45% weight percent of the composition. Preferred phosphate-based binders include aluminum phosphate and complex phosphate materials that are commercially available from various sources such as Budenheim, Chemische Fabrik in amounts of up to about 45% weight percent of the composition. The chemical composition 24 may include additional additives, particularly one or more surfactants to achieve a suitably tacky consistency that enables the composition 24 to adhere to surface 22, which as noted above may be defined by portions of the metallic bond coat 14, the oxide scale 18 and/or remnants of the ceramic layer 16. For example, up to about 15% weight percent of a nonionic surfactant may be desirable. Examples of suitable surfactants/dispersants commercially available are PS21A and Merpol from Witco and Stephan, respectively. The composition may also include dispersants to uniformly distribute the ingredients within the composition. In the preferred embodiment, the paste-like mixture of the chemical composition 24 can be applied in any suitable paste or caulk dispensing apparatus, and the dispensed composition can be smoothed using any known mechanical means such as putty blades and knives, brushes, sponges, and other known applicators. In the a preferred embodiment, the chemical composition is a pressure-dispensable composition contained in a portable, self-contained tube or canister having a dispensing nozzle or stem for evenly and controllably distributing the dispensed composition onto a surface such as an airfoil or other aircraft engine assembly component. No primer is necessary due to the adhesive and thixotropic properties of the composition. However, in some cases, improved adhesion can result by thinning the composition with solvent and brushing the resulting mixture into the repair area as a primer, and allowing the solvent to flash off prior to applying the unthinned coating composition to form a repair coating. Additionally, the composition may be applied in consecutive layers to completely fill the spalled or damage coating area If desired, each layer may be allowed to dry before application of a subsequent layer. No post-deposition, pre-use, heat treatment is required to form the dry and cured coating, since upon evaporation of the solvent, the silicone acts as a binder that initially cures by polymerization to form a silicone-alumina matrix whose strength is sufficient for engine operation. Thus, depending on the composition 24 and desired results, the applied composition 24 may either be permitted to simply react at room temperature, or alternatively drying and curing can be accelerated by heating such as with a heat lamp, torch or other heat source. Suitable thermal treatments are about eight hours at room temperature, about 2 hours at about 150 degrees F., and about 30 minutes at about 250 degrees F. After sufficient drying and curing, the composition 24 is essentially a cured polymeric composition. Testing of repair coatings 26 with silicone as the binder has shown that, the repair coatings 26 of this invention are characterized by enough residual strength to remain firmly adhered to the surface 22 within the spalled or mechanically damaged region 20 in the ceramic layer 16 until it is fired to form a ceramic. Phosphate binders are expected to yield similar results. After application, drying, and curing, during initial operation of the turbine engine the coating is further cured and is at least partially converted to a glassy ceramic repair coating 26. In subsequent engine operations, the repair coating 26 continues to undergo drying, curing, and ceramic conversion reactions associated with an increase in the strength and other mechanical properties of the coating 26. It is believed that exposure to engine heat causes the nature of the bonds of the composition to change from essentially polymeric to glassy ceramic. The higher the temperature that the composition is exposed to, the more ceramic is formed. However, at the maximum temperatures created by engine operation, it is believed that the composition will retain some glassy ceramic characteristics, and will not be fully converted to a ceramic. For example, in the preferred embodiment of the composition that includes a silicone binder, during extended engine operation at high temperatures, the binder, such as silicone, thermally decomposes to silica, forming a silica matrix in which the at least three particle sizes of the refractory materials are dispersed. While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims. Patent Citations
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LEGO Education WeDo : Basisfiche Deze didactische fiche met verwijzing naar eindtermen en leerplannen (voor de verschillende onderwijskoepels) leert je hoe je met LEGO Education WeDo kan werken.
Donation creates new SFU Hellenic Studies centre
A $7-million donation from the Stavros Niarchos Foundation will establish Simon Fraser University as one of the premier locations for the study of Greek history, culture, and language outside of Greece.
SFU's new Stavros Niarchos Foundation Centre for Hellenic Studies will offer expanded Hellenic academic programming. This includes an undergraduate program for Greek, Balkan, and Middle East studies, a joint history/humanities major in Greek language, literature and culture, and graduate program
Robert Sabuda and the Pop-Up Book
In this video, a student interviews Robert Sabudo, a famous pop-up book engineer and artist. He describes how he became interested in pop-up books, how he designs his books, and demonstrates making a simple pop-up book. ( 4:19)
Modeling Human Mobility
Researchers who wish to study mobility patterns might be reaching for your phone. Increasingly, cell phones are equipped with locational receivers (Global Positioning Systems or GPS) and their bread crumb trails are opening up entirely new ways to study and predict the dynamics of travel. "We are in the GPS revolution because
Resource #7677
Valpo Campus Overview
This video provides an overview of Valparaiso University which enrolls about 4,000 students from most states and more than 50 countries, constituting an international, interconnected community. Valpo offers five colleges for undergraduates — the College of Arts and Sciences, College of Engineering, College of Business Administration, College of Nursing, and Christ College (honors college) — as well as graduate studies and a law school.
Valparaiso University is an independent Lutheran instit
It's Your Life
2.6 Average Atomic Mass
SFCO 2011 – La chirurgie de la carcinose ovarienne
Titre : SFCO 2011 – La chirurgie de la carcinose ovarienne
Intervenant (s) : Christophe POMEL (Centre jean Perrin – Clermont-Ferrand) et Gwénaël FERRON (Institut Claudius Regaud – Toulouse).
Résumé : une nouvelle terminologie mise en place dans la prise en charge des carcinoses ovariennes. problèmatique en rapport avec cette pathologie : définition d'un cahier des charges indispensable à connaitre pour la prise en charge des cancers de l'ovaire.
L'auteur n�
Breakingviews: Bank of America faring far worse than Goldman
Oct. 18 - Reuters Breakingviews columnists say stripping out accounting gains and asset sales, Bank of America clearly lost money again, while Goldman Sachs' loss is not as bad as it seems.
Press Conference: Lakota
The UGA College of Veterinary Medicine held a press conference Thursday in
order to update the condition of Lakota, the K-9 officer severely injured
in single-car accident on Oct. 3. The following are comments from Dr.
Scott Rose, Lakota's orthopedic surgeon as well as images of Lakota.
Planning and Fuel Use: A Highly Critical Survey [Audio]
Speaker(s): Professor Alan Evans | LSE London's 2013 Lent term seminar series begins on the 14th of January. Speakers from within and beyond academia will focus on many of the implications of the current economic and political environment for London, covering relevant issues such as the road pricing, UK trends in higher education, census data and localism. Presenters include academics and practitioners from relevant fields.


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Welcome back to Top Shelf Prospects, the daily column that brings you the next crop of professional hockey players. Each day I will bring you a new player profile or topical article in the lead-up to the 2013 NHL Draft. Be sure to bookmark the site, follow me on Twitter, and spread the word for the site that will bring you analytical and critical draft profiles and scouting reports! Last Word On Sports is your new headquarters for everything "NHL Draft"! For a Complete Listing of all our 2013 Draft Articles Click here.
Edit: Drafted 16th Overall by the Buffalo Sabres
The London Knights made a trade with Peterborough to move up to the number 9 pick in last year's CHL import draft and take hulking defenceman Nikita Zadorov out of Russia. Its turned out to be an inspired move by the Knights as Zadorov has developed into a solid contributor on the London blueline and was a big part of the Knights finishing with the OHL's best record this season.
Internationally Zadorov was cut from the Russian team and did not participate in this year's World Junior Championships. Internationally he has represented Russia at both the Under 17 and Under 18 levels, and should be a good bet to make their WJC squad next season.
Born — Moscow, Russia
Height 6.05 — Weight 228 — Shoots Left
February Rank: 11
Zadorov is best known for his defensive skills. A huge defenceman, he dishes out big hits, and opposing forwards really need to keep their heads up if coming down his end of the ice. He is mean along the boards and in front of the net. His skating and mobility is top notch, making him really hard to get by one on one. His pivots are crisp, and his edgework outstanding which allows him to maintain his gap control, cover a lot of ice, and close quickly on a forward and take the body. His backwards skating is outstanding, which makes him very difficult to beat one-on-one off the rush.
He's a willing shot blocker and his long stick can be an asset in the defensive zone. Zadorov does sometimes have a tendency to overcommit on the hit though, and this can get him out of position. He also needs to work on his poise with the puck, especially when under pressure as he can have a tendency to make some bad passes and giveaways in his own end of the rink. Overall though, his defensive game shows a lot of potential, its just a little rough around the edges right now and needs some polish.
Offensively, Zadorov has improved by leaps and bounds over the course of the season. Early in the year he was strictly a stay at home type, but is now using his good mobility to allow himself to join the rush and then recover quickly. In the offensive end he has a very hard and heavy slapshot, and can let it fly from the point. He also has decent vision and passing skills from the back end, but again struggles at times when under heavy pressure. His stickhandling and wrist shot are also decent. This is another area where Zadorov is highly skilled, but again very raw and will need some time to develop.
When it comes to Stylistic comparisons, Zadorov reminds us of a bigger version of Niklas Kronwall. The sky is the limit for Zadorov in terms of ceiling, but there are some big questions as to whether or not he can reach that potential. He has all the skills, but his game is just not as polished or as NHL ready as the four defencemen we have ranked above him. Zadorov could be a real boom of a pick though, as he has a unique mixture of size, mobility, and mean streak that is hard to find, and if properly nurtured could make him an elite NHL blueliner.
Zadorov has shown that he won't back down from anyone. Fighting noted OHL tough guy Johnny McGuire in his first OHL game:
Check back tomorrow for our number 13 prospect.
Thanks for reading, as always feel free to leave comments below and follow me on twitter @lastwordBKerr. Give the rest of the hockey department a follow while you're at it – @BigMick99, @IswearGAA, and @LastWordOnNHL, and follow the site @lastwordonsport.
Interested in writing for LastWordOnSports? If so, check out our "Join Our Team" page to find out how.
He might not be as NHL ready as the first 4 you've ranked so far, but, this guy sounds like a *REAL* 1st pairing shutdown defenceman. The Edmonton Oilers would be extremely smart to draft the big Zadorov, an offensive d-man like Justin Schultz would love him as a partner.
Experts keep saying that the Oilers need absolutely a better goalie, but, what if they'd patch their blueline first with key pieces.
Dubnyk would potentially play better behind an upgraded corp.
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ew video from a days filming at portland.check it out !
Prime cuts
Jordan Hurst portland
Prime cuts - Jordan Hurst portland
ew video from a days filming at portland.check it out !
Added: 2012-10-15
Category: Prime cuts
KiteWorld News
Red Bull King of the Air Riders
Win a Slingshot kite & 5 Days in Cabarete!
The Bridges win Red Bull Lighthouse to Leighton
World Snowkite Contest Altosangro 2015
Give The Gift of Shredding This Chrimbo
Lighthouse to Leighton Race Returns!
The Virgin Kitesurfing Armada To Hit Cape Town
International Female Kite Week


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Engaged in supplying and exporting of seed spices, indian seed spices, grounded seed spices like coriander seed spices, fenugreek seed spices, fennel seed spices, cummin seed spices.
Leading manufacturer of seed spices, garlic paste, pineapple powder, strawberry powder, food spices product, seasoning masala & onion products.
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A company of up to 25 employees, we are a manufacturer of black cumin, cumin, syzgium cummini seeds & celery seed.
Our product range includes cumin seeds. We are leading supplier of seed spices from India.
Manufacturers, exporters and suppliers of seed spices, black cardamom, fennel whole, bay leaves, mustard seeds and other whole spices along with powdered spices like coriander powder, celery powder, galangal powder, nutmeg powder, rice, pulses, cumin.
Navi Mumbai
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Deals in supplying seed spices, indian seed spices and natural seed spices such as indian aniseeds, cummin seeds, dill seeds, indian pepper seeds, natural fennel seeds, fenugreek seeds and other seeds.


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Lyrics Depot | |
Lyrics » Tom Waits Lyrics » Emotional Weather Report Lyrics |
Lyrics Depot is your source of lyrics to Emotional Weather Report by Tom Waits. Please check back for more Tom Waits lyrics. |
Emotional Weather Report LyricsArtist: Tom WaitsAlbum: Nighthawks at the Diner with a chance of fog chance of showers into the afternoon with variable high cloudiness and gusty winds, gusty winds at times around the corner of Sunset and Alvorado things are tough all over when the thunder storms start increasing over the southeast and south central portions of my apartment, I get upset and a line of thunderstorms was developing in the early morning ahead of a slow moving coldfront cold blooded with tornado watches issued shortly before noon Sunday, for the areas including, the western region of my mental health and the northern portions of my ability to deal rationally with my disconcerted precarious emotional situation, it's cold out there colder than a ticket taker's smile at the Ivar Theatre, on a Saturday night flash flood watches covered the southern portion of my disposition there was no severe weather well into the afternoon, except for a lone gust of wind in the bedroom in a high pressure zone, covering the eastern portion of a small suburban community with a 103 and millibar high pressure zone and a weak pressure ridge extending from my eyes down to my cheeks cause since you left me baby and put the vice grips on my mental health well the extended outlook for an indefinite period of time until you come back to me baby is high tonight low tomorrow, and precipitation is expected
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March 28, 2012 Albert No Comments
On this episode of the TSS we talk US U-23's. Specifically, their game against El Salvador and their failure to qualify for this year's Olympics. How bad is this for US Soccer? Who is to blame? What were, if any, the bright spots? And after what feels like an eternity, Freddy Adu's youth career officially comes to an end.
>>> Play/Download MP3
Caleb Porter, El Salvador, Freddy Adu, Olympics, US Soccer Blog
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32" Inseam RIGGS WORKWEAR® by Wrangler® Ranger Pants, Loden
Item # WX2-118388
- Google+
This item is shipped directly from the factory. To see the expected shipping date, please add to your Shopping Cart. Sorry, no express shipping available. We are unable to ship factory direct items to Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico or APO or FPO addresses.
Shipping restrictions apply to this product under some jurisdictions. Known age, state and local shipping requirements are applied at checkout and may result in changes to an order.
This item cannot ship to Canada.
This item cannot ship internationally.
- Details & Specs
Men's Riggs® Ranger Pants.
These Riggs Ranger Pants keep your tools and other gear close at hand, thanks to roomy side pockets! Comfortable, durable, they're everything you'd expect from Riggs®.
- Durable 10-oz. 100% cotton ripstop fabric
- Deep 13" front pockets
- Patent leather tape measure reinforcement on right front pocket
- 1,000-denier Cordura® lined back pockets
- Right side hammer loop
- Oversized Watch pocket
- Reinforced knees with bottom vent
- Roomy side cargo pockets with flaps and concealed snaps
- Machine wash / dry. Imported.
State Waist Size, as available in the Shopping Cart. Get yours ONLINE now!
- Reviews
32 Inseam RIGGS WORKWEAR by Wrangler Ranger Pants, Loden is rated out of 5 by 7.Rated 4 out of 5 by JAMES from I like these pants but they were not my first choice.Date published: 2012-09-08Rated 5 out of 5 by JOHN from I have other pairs of these pants - they fit well and wear like iron.Date published: 2011-08-07Rated 5 out of 5 by PATRICK from love the pants rugged well fitted, comfortable exactly as described great for all seasonsDate published: 2011-06-03Rated 5 out of 5 by RAE from Great work wear. Because of color choice it also substitutes for hunting wear.Date published: 2011-04-17Rated 5 out of 5 by DWAYNE from Great pants will be ordering moreDate published: 2010-11-14Rated 5 out of 5 by JEFFREY from very good quality ordered a 2nd pairDate published: 2010-10-26Rated 5 out of 5 by MICHAEL from Absolutely the best pair of pants I've ever wore. Love em.Date published: 2010-06-13
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2-Pk. of Guide Gear Belts, Black / Brown
Buyer's Club $26.99 Non-Members $29.99 -
Marc Wolf® Work Belt
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Carhartt Utility Work Clothes Suspenders
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RIGGS WORKWEAR by Wrangler Relaxed-fit Thinsulate Insulation Lined Jeans
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Guide Gear Monte Lambskin Vest
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Hundreds of Dakotas ranchers apply for federal aid
By Blake Nicholson
BISMARCK, N.D. (AP) — About one-third of the initial applications made to a federal aid program for disaster-stricken ranchers have come from the Dakotas, and most of the money given out so far has gone to South Dakota producers.
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Now that summer is just around the corner, it's time to think about your outdoor spaces. The heat is hard to beat, unless you're seated comfortably on your porch swing in the shade sipping on lemonade and feeling the breeze.
Beautiful and open
Afternoon swing, anyone?
Farmhouse feel
It may seem like a narrow spot for a porch, but a little work goes a long way!
Sprawling and with a view!
Your new outdoor living room
Screens keep bugs out, but breeze in!
Perfect place to entertain
Your own private getaway... at home!
Who doesn't love eating outside on a nice summer evening?
No room in the backyard? Front porches are a great place to relax too!
Beautiful and cozy
An easy addition to an existing deck, but so much more versatile!
All the amenities!


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Welcome back to Wednesday's Wide World of Waivers. Chris was swinging for the fences last week, but unfortunately he was having trouble getting it out of the infield. Butler had an OK week but didn't do anything special. Dukes wasn't horrible, but he wasn't very good either. Hammel and Crowe were horrible, however, and I'm sure Chris would appreciate it if you never mentioned them again. For the week I'm giving the selections one walk, one fielder's choice, and two strikeouts. This week I've got four new picks, and I've got my sights set on going four-for-four.
As always the cutoffs are 50% Yahoo ownership in mixed leagues and 20% Yahoo ownership in for NL/AL only leagues.
Standard Mixed Leagues
Mark Ellis, 2B, Oak
Yahoo | ESPN | CBS | |
Owned % | 12 | 7 | 18 |
Runs | HR | RBI | SB | AVG | |
Week 19 Stats | 2 | 1 | 11 | 0 | .571 |
Ellis watched most of this season from the bench after suffering a calf strain in late April. This didn't bother many fantasy owners because Ellis wasn't exactly lighting up the scoreboards. His return in late June didn't make many headlines either, especially when he followed it up with a mediocre July. That brings us to August, and Ellis has found his game. He has a .431 BA, 19 RBI and a 1.064 OPS in August. Pick him up and ride the hot streak.
Carlos Gonzalez, OF, Col
Yahoo | ESPN | CBS | |
Owned % | 6 | 3 | 19 |
Runs | HR | RBI | SB | AVG | |
Week 19 Stats | 5 | 4 | 8 | 0 | .292 |
Gonzalez was called up in June and didn't get off to a hot start, but patience is a virtue with this 24-year-old hitter. He got his feet wet in June and July and is now swimming in August. A .400 BA, four HRs and a 1.198 OPS in the month so far have made fantasy owners very happy. Gonzalez has shown some remarkable improvement in the last two months and has the chance to contribute in all five standard fantasy categories.
NL-Only Leagues
Jonny Gomes, OF, Cin
Yahoo | ESPN | CBS | |
Owned % | 2 | 1 | 8 |
Runs | HR | RBI | SB | AVG | |
Week 19 Stats | 4 | 4 | 9 | 0 | .400 |
Three HRs in one game – that sounds impossible! Gomes certainly looks like he has found his HR swing, having belted 10 since the All-Star Game. He isn't going to steal bases, and the average isn't going to win him any awards, but Gomes is a solid power option for those owners needing to add some HRs to their mix.
AL-Only Leagues
Brandon Lyon, RP, Det
Yahoo | ESPN | CBS | |
Owned % | 8 | 13 | 6 |
Week 19 Stats | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
Anyone who thought Lyon would be relevant after losing the closer's job raise your hand. Anyone? Anyone at all? Ok, so there wasn't a lot of faith in Lyon before the season and he was pretty much kicked to the curb after losing the closing gig, but he has been surprisingly effective as a middle reliever. Lyon hasn't given up a run since the Fourth of July. He has been nothing short of dominating since then, picking up three wins, one save, and 16 Ks while only surrendering six hits and four BBs in 12.2 IP. Lyon is great play if you are looking for a middle reliever to plug into your roster.
Please let us know what you think by posting in the discussion thread. Feedback is always appreciated. Chris will be back for next week's Wednesday's Wide World of Waivers with four new waiver pickups. In the meantime, keep watching that waiver wire!
Tom Huffman is one of a growing number of fantasy experts who write for the Cafe. You can catch up with Tom in the Cafe's forums where he posts under the name of Pogotheostrich.
Questions or comments for Tom? Post them in the Cafe Forums! Want to write for the Cafe? Check out the Cafe's Pencil & Paper section! |


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Burberry Lights Up The New York City Skyline
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Burberry Lights Up The New York City Skyline
Last night Burberry staked their claim on the New York City skyline by lighting up 50-foot-long Burberry signs atop their new Madison Avenue headquarters. Thanks in part to the establishment of The Burberry Foundation and a $50,000 donation to local youth projects, Mayor Bloomberg declared yesterday "Burberry Day" in New York. There to celebrate were Burberry's Christopher Bailey, Lily Donaldson, Terence Koh, Julia Restoin-Roitfeld and more. Check out photos from last night's rooftop fête atop The Palace Hotel in the gallery below.
Link Love
- This model's been missing from Fashion Week! — Style.com
- Marc Jacobs said what about young designers?! — The Cut
- Why, yes, we want a Chanel bag made out of Rice Krispies — HuffPost Style
- Miley Cyrus forgot an article of clothing again, but blame it on Tom Ford — InStyle
- It's OK to be preppy and still love leather — Racked
- We're looking forward to the tour costumes from this stylish duo — SheFinds
- Clémence Poésy shows us what it's like to be a Chloé girl — Who What Wear
- Read this before you nix your tights in the cold — Lucky
- What happens when a pair of very chic women wear Crocs . . . — Man Repeller
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FDA Prohibits Ranbaxy's India Facility From Distributing Drugs to U.S. Markets »
"The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today notified Ranbaxy Laboratories, Ltd., that it is prohibited from manufacturing and distributing active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) from its facility in Toansa, India, for FDA-regulated drug product"...
Read the FDA Prohibits Ranbaxy's India Facility From Distributing Drugs to U.S. Markets article »
Known hypersensitivity to mouse, hamster or bovine protein may be a contraindication to the use of Antihemophilic Factor (Recombinant) (see PRECAUTIONS).
Last reviewed on RxList: 2/20/2009
This monograph has been modified to include the generic and brand name in many instances.
Recombinate FDA Prescribing Information
Additional Recombinate Information
Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration
You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit the FDA MedWatch website or call 1-800-FDA-1088.
Women's Health
Find out what women really need.


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Red Sea Coral Pro Salt
Red Sea Coral Pro Salt
In this demo we discuss some of the things we like about the red sea aquarium salt mix but more importantly we touch on some tools you can use to evaluate any salt mix for yourself. It is really impossible to truly identify the best aquarium salt mix but it isn't that hard to make sure you are using one of the better options. Disclaimer-
4 Stage RO Unit Demonstration
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A great demo on the Milwaukee Digital Refractomete ...
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Today on BRSTV we are going to discuss various bal ...
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This video is a demo that highlights the benefits ...
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BRS Drew's Doser Peristalic Dosing Pump
In today's video we demonstrate the BRS Drew's Dos ...
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5 Stage RO/DI Chloramines System Demo
This video demonstrates the benefits of our 5 Stag ...
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This video demonstrates the benefits and differenc ...
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Protect your home from serious water damage with t ...
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Tunze Osmolator 3155
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Carbon is great for removing coloring, pollutants, ...
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In this video we demonstrate the Vertex calcium re ...
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Marinepure Biological Filter Media
In todays episode we demonstrate Marinepure Biomed ...
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The LaMotte Alkalinity Test Kit
In todays video we demonstrate the LaMotte alkalin ...
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Vertex Alpha Protein Skimmer
Selecting your skimmer can be just as difficult fi ...
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Digital Aquatics Reefkeeper Controller
In today's episode of BRSTV we are going to do a i ...
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BRS Dry Live Rock
Today on BRS TV we are going to go over several ty ...
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Cyclop-Eeze Coral & Fish Food
Today on BRSTV, we discuss the benefits of Cyclop- ...
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Review of Vertex RX-Z ZEOvit Reactors
BRSTV reviews the high quality, RX-Z ZEOvit Media ...
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Simplifying Korallen-Zucht ZEOvit System
Today on BRSTV, we clarify the ZEOvit system from ...
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Live Sand Explained
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In Depth Vertex Illumina Review
The Vertex Illumina LED light is the topic of toda ...
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TDS Meters Demonstration
This video demonstrates the different TDS meters a ...
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Todays video is a demonstration of the Uniseal. U ...
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Magnesium Chloride Demo
This video demonstrates the benefits of our magnes ...
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With the exception of having to wear downright scary-looking nursing bras, I was thrilled that my experience breastfeeding my now 18-month-old daughter, Amelia, was a snap: She latched on easily an hour after birth, and my milk came in by the gallons about three days later.
Still, when I was ready for Amelia to try her first bottle at 2 1/2 weeks old, I was apprehensive -- would giving her an artificial nipple cause her tiny head to spin and forget how to nurse? Would she become, to put it in lactation terms, "nipple confused"? In the months before birth, I'd been barraged with breastfeeding materials, and nipple confusion was one of those triple-starred subjects: Don't give your baby a bottle in the first two months, or she'll reject the breast.
As popular parenting advice dictates, I left the house while my mother gave Amelia her first bottle of pumped milk. Strolling around my neighborhood, I was frantic: What if she wouldn't take it? That would be awful, since I was craving a night out with my husband -- not to mention, in a few months, I'd be going back to work. But what if she took it, then decided my breasts were less than adequate?
As I walked in the door, my mom reported Amelia emptied the bottle, no problem. "And it seems like she's still hungry," she said. So I put her on my breast and -- what a smart, smart baby! -- she nursed voraciously for another ten minutes. As she filled her belly, my head filled with all the luxuries I would be allowed, like a solo run to the grocery store, now that my intelligent infant could switch-hit between the bottle and my breast.
Dimity McDowell is a freelance writer based in Santa Fe, New Mexico.


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Family Tributes
9/11 Reflections
1993 WTC Bombing
Items Collected
Choose a State Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Deleware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming
Dedicated to: The families from the Monroe Township community who lost their loved ones in the tragic events of September 11, 2001.
Type of Memorial: Park
Location: Monroe Township Memorial Park
Address: Prospect Plains Road near Half Acre Road
City: Monroe
State: New Jersey
Country: United States
Description: The symbols used in the design of this site reflect the events that touched all of our lives on September 11, 2001. The nine black granite panels signify the month of September. These panels are carved to symbolize the New York City skyline. The date of eleven is symbolized by the black walkways. These same walkways represent the shadows of the missing World Trade Center in the New York City skyline. The white sidewalk is in the shape of the Pentagon. The two flagpoles remind us that the United States is a strong nation that has risen up from this tragedy and remains indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. U on MAP
More Information: Photos By: Sheena Chi


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Left 4 Dead 2
Third party DRM: Steam
This game requires a free Steam account to play.Description
Also available:
Top 50 Title:
Set in the zombie apocalypse, Left 4 Dead 2 (L4D2) is the highly anticipated sequel to the award-winning Left 4 Dead, the #1 co-op game of 2008.
This co-operative action horror FPS takes you and your friends through the cities, swamps and cemeteries of the Deep South, from Savannah to New Orleans across five expansive campaigns. You'll play as one of four new survivors armed with a wide and devastating array of classic and upgraded weapons. In addition to firearms, you'll also get a chance to take out some aggression on infected with a variety of carnage-creating melee weapons, from chainsaws to axes and even the deadly frying pan.
You'll be putting these weapons to the test against (or playing as in Versus) three horrific and formidable new Special Infected. You'll also encounter five new uncommon common infected, including the terrifying Mudmen.
Helping to take L4D's frantic, action-packed gameplay to the next level is AI Director 2.0. This improved Director has the ability to procedurally change the weather you'll fight through and the pathways you'll take, in addition to tailoring the enemy population, effects, and sounds to match your performance. L4D2 promises a satisfying and uniquely challenging experience every time the game is played, custom-fitted to your style of play.
Key Features:
Next generation co-op action gaming from the makers of Half-Life, Portal, Team Fortress and Counter-Strike.
Over 20 new weapons & items headlined by over 10 melee weapons – axe, chainsaw, frying pan, baseball bat – allow you to get up close with the zombies
New survivors. New Story. New dialogue.
Five expansive campaigns for co-operative, Versus and Survival game modes.
An all new multiplayer mode.
Uncommon common infected. Each of the five new campaigns contains at least one new uncommon common zombies which are exclusive to that campaign.
AI Director 2.0: Advanced technology dubbed The AI Director drove L4D's unique gameplay – customizing enemy population, effects, and music, based upon the players' performance. L4D 2 features The AI Director 2.0 which expands the Director's ability to customize level layout, world objects, weather, and lighting to reflect different times of day.
Stats, rankings, and awards system drives collaborative play
Customer reviews
A big name in Co-Op Shooting
UltraJake | Feb. 9, 2015 | See all UltraJake's reviews »It's been years since Left 4 Dead 2 came out, but if you've still not played it I wholly recommend it. The first Left 4 Dead was a great game, but Left 4 Dead 2 improves upon just about everything with the exception of the cast of survivors. Luckily Valve has since re-introduced some of the Left 4 Dead maps to Left 4 Dead 2 and has released a campaign that even features the survivors from the original game. Left 4 Dead 2 basically has the old game wrapped inside it, so there's little reason to pick the original these days.
The campaign is fun but playing it in online co-op versus is a lot more-so. It's the main draw. The one downside of this is the community, which can sometimes be harsh to newer players and those that make mistakes. Remember, they're not zombies. They're infected.
Strongly recommended
Tranya | Jan. 10, 2015 | See all Tranya's reviews »This is a game that has everything, one of the best workshops in steam, mutations, katanas, guns, zomibes. Hell other then MMO's I can't think of a game where you can find 8 people! And thats just the start, animations, gore, textures, zombie killing fun! It also really takes you back when you remember the glitchy, fun, cheating part of the old game! Really brings something fresh, 100hp, stuck in a forever apoclypse, you can take hits, things like that! Then you got easy, which you are god, and can kill anything! I wouldn't like this game as much without all of its gamemodes either, verus, scavenge, (my favorite) survival, realisim, it all brings together this... joy that is L4D2.
The best zombie game i ever had
warlordbeta1 | Jan. 9, 2015 | See all warlordbeta1's reviews »I buy the game when it first come out, this game TOTALLY ROCKS! The zombies isn't too creepy and not as fast as the other games, but the atmosphere is perfect. The random spawning of Special Zombies like charger, spitter and else, can make the player feel shocked. But the scripted tanks and witches sometimes didnt spawn. The scavenge and versus multiplayer is great, you could have fun while playing as zombies or survivor againts player from around the world. The campaign multiplayer is great too, because you can have a help from professional players to do the hard or expert campaign.
Very fun Coop game if your friends got it
nikola714 | Dec. 31, 2014 | See all nikola714's reviews »Left4Dead 2 is awesome and fun surviving game, it takes a lot of teamwork so you must always stick together with team and also has other great game modes where u can play as a zombie or you and your teammates must survive against them as longer as you can. Me and my friends got that game for free at the Christmas 2013. Game is so sick we had our 10 hours first day. I pretty liked the steam workshop so you can mod your weapons, zombies or replace Tank with Shrek, then game is even more fun. Sounds are fine and the voices of survivors are really good. Achievments are also good and there is many of them.
4-player co-op at it's finest
MadDemon64 | Dec. 30, 2014 | See all MadDemon64's reviews »Left 4 Dead 2 takes everything that Left 4 Dead did and improved it. Graphically the two games look similar, but the modified zombie designs give you the feeling that some time has passed since Left 4 Dead and that the zombie apocalypse is not going to go away anytime soon.
Your favorite weapons and items make a return, and new weapons like the one-hit melee weapons are a welcome addition to your ever growing zombie killing arsenal. And you will need these weapons in order to fight new mutant zombies, all of which are variations on existing ones, but they are the kind of variation that makes a difference, especially in multiplayer when you take control of these zombies.
Left 4 Dead 2 might be playable solo, but it shines when you play it with friends. A must own for any zombie or co-op FPS enthusiast.


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TRAVIS GROUP, LLC Patent applications | ||
Patent application number | Title | Published |
20120302951 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR A PRESSURE RELEASE MECHANISM FOR A CATHETER - The invention is drawn to a method and apparatus for providing a pressure relief system for a catheter in the form of a fitting, which, when incorporated into the tubing comprising the inflation lumen, will hold the tubing in place while the pressure is below a predetermined level, but will slide out of the tubing, allowing the tubing to separate and releasing the pressure, provided the pressure exceeds that level. Once the pressure has been released, the fitting may be reattached, the conditions which caused the unsafe overpressure may be corrected, and the procedure continued without removal or replacement of the catheter or any of its components. | 11-29-2012 |


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What does GRN mean in File Extensions?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand GRN in the Computing field in general and in the File Extensions terminology in particular.
GRX graphics library drivers
Find a translation for GRN in other languages:
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Discuss this GRN abbreviation with the community:
Use the citation below to add this abbreviation to your bibliography:
"GRN." Abbreviations.com. STANDS4 LLC, 2015. Web. 5 Mar. 2015. <http://www.abbreviations.com/term/41174>.
GRN also stands for:
- Games Route Network
- Gene Regulatory Network
- gene regulatory note
- Gene Relation Network
- Generally Recognized as Safe Notification
... and 19 more »
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- Search GRX graphics library drivers on Amazon
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just curious Here's a pic from last years Pump 101 game at Airsports in Ludlow, MA: http://www.angelfire.com/oz/madd/air/pump5timsplat.JPG The pic is captioned that it's an '85 Splatmaster. I don't think that's right, in fact, I've never seen a Splatmaster with (what looks like) a bolt-on grip or a back that wasn't flat (vertically, top and bottom tubes should be even at the back end) It holds the 10rnd tube like a Splatty, and that's the only marker I know of that holds the tube that way, but other stuff looks odd like the trigger guard. So my question for the experts here, What Is It? |
almost looks like ansc gz1000, but weren't those df? |
Is it one of the side cocking splats? cannot remember what model they were but I think they are the earlier type. |
I have a side cocking Splatmaster and they don't have a bolt on grip frame. |
It is a splatmaster body note the figure eight clip on it. Also not there is a raw adapter body between the grip frame and body. (grip frame looks like some SI knock off) |
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Steven Gillis
Benchere in Wonderland:
A Novel
fiction Available September 2015
Steven Gillis ... the 21st century heir to Saul Bellow, John Cheever, and Stanley Elkin.
- Richard Grayson
- Author of Winter in Brooklyn
7 March 2015, 1:00pm
Barnes & Noble Downtown Seattle, Seattle, WA
10 March 2015, 7:30pm
Powell's Books, Portland, OR
Brief items of interest concerning our books and authors
Megan Kruse: The TNB Self-Interview
One of the biggest criticisms about your work is that it is gruelingly, at times overwhelmingly, dark. Why so sad?
When I first told people that Call Me Home was slated to be published, friends and acquaintances kept asking me, "Is it funny?"
...ForwardGuest Blogger Megan Kruse, "Being John: On Sorrow, Writing, and Transmigration," for Powell's Books
I don't remember how I stopped believing that I was John Lennon. Only that the conviction slipped away… Maybe it's a stretch, to try to fasten an adolescent delusion to the bigger question of why writing sustains us. I imagine that everyone finds...Forward
Oregon Books Awards Tom Spanbuer The Stewart H. Holbrook Literary Legacy Award for outstanding contributions to Oregon's literary life
The Stewart H. Holbrook Literary Legacy Award for outstanding contributions to Oregon's literary life will be given to Tom Spanbauer. Spanbauer created Portland's Dangerous Writing workshop in 1990. More than 30 of Spanbauer's students over the last...Forward
Hawthorne Books and authors live and in person
7 March 2015, 1:00pmFacebook Twitter
Please join Megan Kruse reading from her debut novel Call Me Home at the Downtown Seattle Barnes & Noble.
10 March 2015, 7:30pmFacebook Twitter
Please join Megan Kruse reading from her debut novel Call Me Home at Powell's Books.
Observations on books and publishing
Posted by Chelsea Wicks on 19 February 2015
Everyone who's ever visited or lived in Portland knows Powell's Books—it's as much part of the Portland experience as Voodoo Doughnut or Stumptown Coffee. What tourists and even locals (or...Forward
Posted by Chelsea Wicks on 04 February 2015
This month I've had the sincere pleasure of working with Megan Kruse on planning the upcoming tour for her debut novel Call Me Home which launches on March 1st. Hunting down contact information for...Forward
Posted by Liz Crain on 27 January 2015
I'm a very lucky lady. I got to be Mark Bittman's date when he was in town for the James Beard Public Market fundraiser dinner at Leftbank Annex last night. Greg Higgins of Higgins Restaurant put...Forward
Portions of this site are licensed under a Creative Commons License permitting non-commercial, non-derivative sharing with attribution. Excerpts from our books, however, are held in copyright by Hawthorne Books and its authors. All rights to these are reserved.


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Pronunciation: Liemert
Added on: 2011-03-31
Listened: 11 times
Family name
Pronunciation in French [fr]
- Pronunciation by hendialys (Female from France)
- Could you do it better? different accent? Pronounce Liemert in French
Accents & languages on maps
- Random word: paon
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The shrine of knowledge.
A selection of articles related to jew.
Original articles from our library related to the Jew. See Table of Contents for further available material (downloadable resources) on Jew.
- King James Bible: Romans, Chapter 2
- Chapter 2 2:1 Therefore thou art inexcusable, O man, whosoever thou art that judgest: for wherein thou judgest another, thou condemnest thyself; for thou that judgest doest the same things. 2:2 But we are sure that the judgment of God is according to truth...
New Testament >> Epistle to the Romans
- Truth, Lies and the Holocaust
- Any fool can tell the truth, but it requires a man of some sense to know how to lie well. -Samuel Butler Over the years, I have heard many tales of tragedy and persecution committed against Neo-Pagans around the country. From folks losing jobs, losing...
Saga of Times Past >> History & Anthropology
- King James Bible: Acts, Chapter 18
- Chapter 18 18:1 After these things Paul departed from Athens, and came to Corinth; 18:2 And found a certain Jew named Aquila, born in Pontus, lately come from Italy, with his wife Priscilla; (because that Claudius had commanded all Jews to depart from Rome:)...
New Testament >> The Acts
- King James Bible: Acts, Chapter 19
- Chapter 19 19:1 And it came to pass, that, while Apollos was at Corinth, Paul having passed through the upper coasts came to Ephesus: and finding certain disciples, 19:2 He said unto them, Have ye received the Holy Ghost since ye believed? And they said unto...
New Testament >> The Acts
- Children of the Gods
- Muslim stood with Jew, Pagan with Christian, Hindu with atheist, all protesting injustice, all making a stand as one people against hate. Downtown Denver was alive with a multi-hued tapestry of people, joined together in tragedy, and hope. A Denver police...
Paganism & Wicca >> Daily Life
- King James Bible: Romans, Chapter 1
- Chapter 1 1:1 Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle, separated unto the gospel of God, 1:2 (Which he had promised afore by his prophets in the holy scriptures,) 1:3 Concerning his Son Jesus Christ our Lord, which was made of the seed of...
New Testament >> Epistle to the Romans
- Basics of Magick: The Use of Color in Magick
- White | Silver | Grey | Pink | Red | Purple | Brown | Blue | Green | Yellow | Gold | Black In magick, colors represent certain energies, goals, people and non-physical beings, such as deities or spiritual forces. For this reason, you should include candles,...
Symbology >> Colorology
Jew is described in multiple online sources, as addition to our editors' articles, see section below for printable documents, Jew books and related discussion.
Suggested Pdf Resources
- The International Jew The World's Foremost Problem
- The Jew is again being singled out for critical attention throughout the world.
- www.americannaziparty.com
- Christian Persecution of Jews over the Centuries
- www.ushmm.org
- "Kill A Jew –Go To Heaven"
- palwatch.org
- To the Jew First The Books of Romans is considered Paul's greatest
- who believes, to the Jew first and also to the Greek (v.16). What does Paul mean when he says that the gospel is "to the Jew first"?
- www.tjcii.org
- Jews, Communism, and the Jewish - Central European University
- Jewish communists rarely cared about Jewish concerns and often virtually communists, and their role, was so important that other Jews must not ignore it. 5.
- web.ceu.hu
Suggested News Resources
- "Kauft Nicht Bei Juden!" Don't Buy from Jews
- BY Rabbi Yaakov Spivak The anti-Semite has always used a pseudo-moral high ground as an excuse to perpetrate evil actions against Jews.
- 'Jews by Choice' are members of the tribe too
- A great deal of anti-convert sentiments within Jewish communities are due to a misunderstanding of normative or 'traditional' Jewish values, when in fact Jew by Choice is just as Jewish as any Jew by Birth.
- Seth Green Now 50% Less Jewish
- Seth Benjamin Gesshel-Green will soon be half the Jew he used to be -- TMZ has learned the actor is dropping his mom's maiden name "Gesshal" ... and sticking to just plain Green.
- Dozen of Yemeni Jews stranded in Cairo
- A dozen of Yemeni Jews are stranded in Cairo of Egypt after failed to migrate to South America.
Suggested Web Resources
- Jews - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- en.wikipedia.org
- Jew Watch News
- The most comprehensive and easiest to use website dedicated to both current and historical Jewish news, organizations, goals and related information.
- www.jewwatch.com
- Judaism 101: Who Is a Jew?
- A Jew is any person whose mother was a Jew or any person who has gone through the formal process of conversion to Judaism.
- www.jewfaq.org
- Google: An explanation of our search results
- If you recently used Google to search for the word "Jew," you may have seen results that were very disturbing.
- www.google.com
- The International Jew - The World's Foremost Problem, by Henry Ford / Dearborn Independent.
- www.jrbooksonline.com
Great care has been taken to prepare the information on this page. Elements of the content come from factual and lexical knowledge databases, realmagick.com library and third-party sources. We appreciate your suggestions and comments on further improvements of the site.


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We are happy to inform you that the AnaEE Call for Expression of Interest, which aims to define the state-of-the-art platforms that will be part of AnaEE, has now officially been launched and will run until February 2015.
Read more...AnaEE Coordinator Abad Chabbi will be speaking on "Soil – An Essential Resource" at an upcoming workshop in Bavaria on 16-17 April 2015.
Read more...AnaEE will be present at the Global Science Conference on Climate-Smart Agriculture in Montpellier on March 16-18 2015.
Read more...AnaEE Coordinator Abad Chabbi has been invited to give a presentation at the Science Europe Workshop on "Research Infrastructures at the academia-industry interface: the role of European networks".
Read more...Abad Chabbi, AnaEE coordinator, is invited as an expert in the upcoming EuroDISH workshop in Brussels.
Read more...AnaEE is a research infrastructure for experimental manipulation of managed and unmanaged terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. It will strongly support scientists in their analysis, assessment and forecasting of the impact of climate and other global changes on the services that ecosystems provide to society.
AnaEE will support European scientists and policymakers to develop solutions to the challenges of food security and environmental sustainability, with the aim of stimulating the growth of a vibrant bioeconomy. AnaEE will accomplish this mission by building permanent and substantial links among researchers, science managers, policy makers, public and private sector innovators, and citizens.
AnaEE (Infrastructure for Analysis and Experimentation on Ecosystems) is part of the European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures Roadmap (2010) as a new distributed EU infrastructure for ecosystem research.
It entered the Preparatory Phase on November 2012. The consortium is currently composed of 14 partners from 10 countries. AnaEE's building blocks will include state of the art in natura and in vitro experimental platforms equipped with the latest technology, associated with sophisticated analytical and modeling platforms coupled to observation and monitoring sites that will provide indispensable calibration and validation of datasets throughout Europe.
AnaEE will predict in a precise manner the response of the main continental ecosystems to environmental and land use changes.
We are happy to inform you that the AnaEE Call for Expression of Interest, which aims to define the state-of-the-art platforms that will be part of AnaEE, has now officially been launched. You can read more here.
The 2nd AnaEE annual meeting will be held on 13-15 October 2014 (Monday-Wednesday) at the University of Antwerp (address: Hof van Liere, Prinsstraat 13, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium). Please save the date in your calendar.
AnaEE's stakeholder meeting will be held in Antwerp on Tuesday 14 October 2014. The day aims to bring together keynote speakers from some of the most important players in the world of research and policy to further deepen understanding among key stakeholders of the need for cooperation and coordination on scientific and economic challenges to achieve scientific and societal goals, while also allowing ample time for long and deep debate on key issues.
Read more here.
Expeer (Experimentation in ecosystem research)
ExpeER (Experimentation in Ecosystem Research) forms the building blocks of the AnaEE distributed infrastructure by federating and structuring key existing experimental (and observational) infrastructures in ecosystem research in Europe.
AnaEE will enable many of the key infrastructures involved in ExpeER to be further enhanced and upgraded complemented by the development of new sites and facilities so as to build an ambitious, state-of –the art Ecosystem Research Infrastructure with expert services at a pan-European Level.
AnaEE's preparatory phase is co-funded by the EU under the European Commission's 7th Framework Programme from 2012 to 2016.


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Portland Fire & Rescue Leads Partnership with Nextdoor, Private Social Network for Neighborhoods
Partnership will Allow Fire, Emergency Management, and Crime Prevention to Communicate with Residents Online
Read More…From newborns to the newly retired, a whole range of community members came to PF&R's Fire Safety Festivals in honor of Fire Prevention Week. They learned about smoke alarms, how to call 911, what home hazards to look out for, and how to put out a grease fire by putting a lid on it. Stations 11 and 14 gave tours and folks were able to find out more about their neighborhood fire station and all the services available to them. It was an honor to meet our neighbors and we look forward to doing it again next year.
Here's a slideshow of all of the action:


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430 Marias Avenue
Most errands require a car.
Score Details
430 Marias Avenue has a Walk Score of 38 out of 100. This location is a Car-Dependent neighborhood so most errands require a car.
The closest park is Miller Park.
Nearby schools include Kingsbury Colony Attn Center, Valier High School and Valier 7-8 Middle School.
The closest grocery store is Curry's Thriftway Market.
Nearby restaurants include Panther Cafe, Froggies Bar & Grill and Lighthouse.
Explore how far you can travel by car, bus, bike and foot from 430 Marias Avenue.


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Sunday, February 10, 2013 10:26 PM
• Location:
Manhattan, Madison Square Garden
• Post ID: 36305496 newyork Play it safe. Avoid Scammers. Most of the time, transactions outside of your local area involving money orders, cashier checks, wire transfers or shipping (especially overseas shipping) are scams or frauds. Report all scam attempts to firstname.lastname@example.com. |


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the number of Canadian visitors has dropped off somewhat lately, enough so that the Barbadian prime minister recently pledged to try to recapture the Canadian market
The historic amendments pave the way for a 'cannabis licensing authority' to be established to deal with regulating the cultivation and distribution of marijuana
In 2009, a U.S. government contractor sent a Serbian music promoter to Cuba with these covert marching orders: Recruit one of Havana's most notorious rappers
The southern coast of the Dominican Republic is the antithesis of an all-inclusive holiday, and a world away from the primped and pristine beaches of Punta Cana in the east and Puerto Plata in the north
The showers don't work very well, the water either dribbling out, or cold for five or six minutes before the warm kicks in, and you say, "Well, this is Haiti"
The alleged fraudster hosted the likes of Hugo Chavez at the 3.8-acre retreat while serving as Canada's spy watchdog, a source says
They suffer searing headaches, a burning fever and so much pain in their joints they can barely walk or use their hands. It's like having a terrible flu combined with an abrupt case of arthritis
'I've never wanted to go home so much in my life,' one of the cruise passengers said. 'I've never slept so much in my life, and I've got no suntan'
Olivia Travel celebrated their 40th Anniversary with two Southern Caribbean cruises back to back with over 4200 lesbians and 20 performers from around the world celebrating with owner Judy Dlugacz .
Four Canadians on a ground excursion during a Caribbean cruise thought they were going to be killed when armed gunmen ambushed them in a botanical garden retreat


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Nabila Ebeid
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nabila Ebeid (Arabic: نبيلة عبيد) (born 21 January 1945 in Cairo), also spelled Nabila Obeid, is an Egyptian actress.[1] In 1965, she starred with Omar Sharif in The Mamluks, a role which was described as her "first steps to fame".[2]
She has also starred in the television dramas Al-Ammah Nour (Aunt Nour) and Al-Bawaba Al-Thaniya (The Second Gate).[3]
Filmography (partial)[edit]
- Al Rakesa wa al Tabal
- Al Rakesa wa al Syasi (The Dancer and the Politician)
- Abnaa' wa Katala (Sons and Killers)
- Eghteyal Modarresa (Assassination of a Teacher)
- Kahwat El Mawardi (El-Mawardi Cafe)
- Samara el-Amir
- Tout Tout
- Al Cirk (The Circus)
- Rabea el Adawaya
- Kashef Al Mastour (Revealing the Hidden)
- Al Azraa' wa al Shaar al Abyad (The Virgin and the Old Guy)
- Al Akhar (The Other)
- Hoda and His Excellency the Minister (original 1995, reprinted 2005)
- ^ "Bushra and Sherif release new debut album". Al Bawaba. 5 September 2006. Retrieved 22 January 2010.
- ^ Boraie, Sherif (2008). The golden years of Egyptian film: Cinema Cairo, 1936-1967. American University in Cairo Press. p. 224. ISBN 977-416-173-4.
- ^ Sultan, Kamal (20–26 August 2009). "Sudsy summer". Al-Ahram Weekly. Retrieved 22 January 2010.
External links[edit]
This article about an Egyptian actor or actress is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |