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Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Large-Scale Industrial Carbon Capture, Storage Plant Begins Construction |
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)) Indexed Site
Large-Scale Industrial Carbon Capture, Storage Plant Begins Large-Scale Industrial Carbon Capture, Storage Plant Begins Construction Large-Scale Industrial Carbon Capture, Storage Plant Begins Construction August 24, 2011 - 1:00pm Addthis Washington, DC - Construction activities have begun at an Illinois ethanol plant that will demonstrate carbon capture and storage. The project, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Fossil Energy, is the first large-scale integrated carbon capture and storage (CCS) demonstration project funded by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) to move into the construction phase. Led by the Archer Daniels Midland Company (ADM), a member of DOE's Midwest Geological Sequestration Consortium, the Illinois-ICCS project is designed to sequester approximately 2,500 metric tons of carbon dioxide
Energy Department Applauds Nation's First Large-Scale Industrial Carbon
Nation's First Large-Scale Industrial Nation's First Large-Scale Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage Facility Energy Department Applauds Nation's First Large-Scale Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage Facility August 24, 2011 - 6:23pm Addthis Washington, D.C. - The U.S. Department of Energy issued the following statement in support of today's groundbreaking for construction of the nation's first large-scale industrial carbon capture and storage (ICCS) facility in Decatur, Illinois. Supported by the 2009 economic stimulus legislation - the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act - the ambitious project will capture and store one million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) per year produced as the result of processing corn into fuel-grade ethanol from the nearby Archer Daniels Midland biofuels plant. Since all of
Energy Department Applauds Nation's First Large-Scale Industrial Energy Department Applauds Nation's First Large-Scale Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage Facility Energy Department Applauds Nation's First Large-Scale Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage Facility August 24, 2011 - 6:23pm Addthis Washington, D.C. - The U.S. Department of Energy issued the following statement in support of today's groundbreaking for construction of the nation's first large-scale industrial carbon capture and storage (ICCS) facility in Decatur, Illinois. Supported by the 2009 economic stimulus legislation - the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act - the ambitious project will capture and store one million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) per year produced as the result of processing corn into fuel-grade ethanol from the nearby Archer Daniels Midland biofuels plant. Since all of
Breakthrough Large-Scale Industrial Project Begins Carbon Capture and
Breakthrough Large-Scale Industrial Project Begins Carbon Capture Breakthrough Large-Scale Industrial Project Begins Carbon Capture and Utilization Breakthrough Large-Scale Industrial Project Begins Carbon Capture and Utilization January 25, 2013 - 12:00pm Addthis Washington, DC - A breakthrough carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) project in Texas has begun capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) and piping it to an oilfield for use in enhanced oil recovery (EOR). Read the project factsheet The project at Air Products and Chemicals hydrogen production facility in Port Arthur, Texas, is significant for demonstrating both the effectiveness and commercial viability of CCUS technology as an option in helping mitigate atmospheric CO2 emissions. Funded in part through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), the project is managed by the U.S.
NLE Websites -- All DOE Office Websites (Extended Search)
28, 2013 28, 2013 Breakthrough Large-Scale Industrial Project Begins Carbon Capture and Utilization DOE-Supported Project in Texas Demonstrates Viability of CCUS Technology Washington, D.C. - A breakthrough carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) project in Texas has begun capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) and piping it to an oilfield for use in enhanced oil recovery (EOR). MORE INFO Read the project factsheet The project at Air Products and Chemicals hydrogen production facility in Port Arthur, Texas, is significant for demonstrating both the effectiveness and commercial viability of CCUS technology as an option in helping mitigate atmospheric CO2 emissions. Funded in part through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), the project is managed by the U.S.
Large-Scale Industrial CCS Projects Selected for Continued Testing |
Large-Scale Industrial CCS Projects Selected for Continued Testing Large-Scale Industrial CCS Projects Selected for Continued Testing Large-Scale Industrial CCS Projects Selected for Continued Testing June 10, 2010 - 1:00pm Addthis Washington, DC - Three Recovery Act funded projects have been selected by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to continue testing large-scale carbon capture and storage (CCS) from industrial sources. The projects - located in Texas, Illinois, and Louisiana - were initially selected for funding in October 2009 as part of a $1.4 billion effort to capture carbon dioxide (CO2) from industrial sources for storage or beneficial use. The first phase of research and development (R&D) included $21.6 million in Recovery Act funding and $22.5 million in private funding for a total initial investment of $44.1 million.
DOE Awards First Three Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration Projects |
First Three Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration Projects First Three Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration Projects DOE Awards First Three Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration Projects October 9, 2007 - 3:14pm Addthis U.S. Projects Total $318 Million and Further President Bush's Initiatives to Advance Clean Energy Technologies to Confront Climate Change WASHINGTON, DC - In a major step forward for demonstrating the promise of clean energy technology, U.S Deputy Secretary of Energy Clay Sell today announced that the Department of Energy (DOE) awarded the first three large-scale carbon sequestration projects in the United States and the largest single set in the world to date. The three projects - Plains Carbon Dioxide Reduction Partnership; Southeast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership; and Southwest Regional Partnership for Carbon
DOE Completes Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration Project Awards | Department
Completes Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration Project Awards Completes Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration Project Awards DOE Completes Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration Project Awards November 17, 2008 - 4:58pm Addthis Regional Partner to Demonstrate Safe and Permanent Storage of 2 Million Tons of CO2 at Wyoming Site WASHINGTON, DC - Completing a series of awards through its Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership Program, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) today awarded $66.9 million to the Big Sky Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership for the Department's seventh large-scale carbon sequestration project. Led by Montana State University-Bozeman, the Partnership will conduct a large-volume test in the Nugget Sandstone formation to demonstrate the ability of a geologic formation to safely, permanently and economically
DOE Completes Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration Project Awards DOE Completes Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration Project Awards DOE Completes Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration Project Awards November 17, 2008 - 4:58pm Addthis Regional Partner to Demonstrate Safe and Permanent Storage of 2 Million Tons of CO2 at Wyoming Site WASHINGTON, DC - Completing a series of awards through its Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership Program, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) today awarded $66.9 million to the Big Sky Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership for the Department's seventh large-scale carbon sequestration project. Led by Montana State University-Bozeman, the Partnership will conduct a large-volume test in the Nugget Sandstone formation to demonstrate the ability of a geologic formation to safely, permanently and economically
DOE Awards $126.6 Million for Two More Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration
$126.6 Million for Two More Large-Scale Carbon $126.6 Million for Two More Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration Projects DOE Awards $126.6 Million for Two More Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration Projects May 6, 2008 - 11:30am Addthis Projects in California and Ohio Join Four Others in Effort to Drastically Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions WASHINGTON, DC - The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) today announced awards of more than $126.6 million to the West Coast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership (WESTCARB) and the Midwest Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership (MRCSP) for the Department's fifth and sixth large-scale carbon sequestration projects. These industry partnerships, which are part of DOE's Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership, will conduct large volume tests in California and Ohio to demonstrate the ability of a geologic
DOE Awards $126.6 Million for Two More Large-Scale Carbon Sequestratio...
126.6 Million for Two More Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration Projects DOE Awards 126.6 Million for Two More Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration Projects May 6, 2008 - 11:30am Addthis...
Energy Department Awards $66.7 Million for Large-Scale Carbon...
66.7 Million for Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration Project Energy Department Awards 66.7 Million for Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration Project December 18, 2007 - 4:58pm Addthis...
NETL: News Release - DOE Awards First Three Large-Scale Carbon...
9, 2007 DOE Awards First Three Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration Projects U.S. Projects Total 318 Million and Further President Bush's Initiatives to Advance Clean Energy...
NETL: News Release - Large-Scale Industrial CCS Projects Selected...
project team includes Leucadia Energy, Denbury, General Electric, Haldor Topsoe, Black & Veatch, Turner Industries, and The University of Texas Bureau of Economic Geology. (DOE...
Energy Department Applauds Nation's First Large-Scale Industrial...
one million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) per year produced as the result of processing corn into fuel-grade ethanol from the nearby Archer Daniels Midland biofuels plant. Since...
Energy Department Awards $66.7 Million for Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration
66.7 Million for Large-Scale Carbon 66.7 Million for Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration Project Energy Department Awards $66.7 Million for Large-Scale Carbon Sequestration Project December 18, 2007 - 4:58pm Addthis Regional Partner to Demonstrate Safe and Permanent Storage of One Million Tons of CO2 at Illinois Site WASHINGTON, DC - Following closely on the heels of three recent awards through the Department of Energy's (DOE) Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership Program, DOE today awarded $66.7 million to the Midwest Geological Sequestration Consortium (MGSC) for the Department's fourth large-scale carbon sequestration project. The Partnership led by the Illinois State Geological Survey will conduct large volume tests in the Illinois Basin to demonstrate the ability of a geologic formation to
Fossil Energy Techline, �DOE Completes Large-Scale Carbon
E-Print Network (OSTI)
and represents a summary of carbon sequestration news covering the past month. Readers are referred to the actual article(s) for complete information. It is produced by the National Energy Technology Laboratory to provide information on recent activities and publications related to carbon sequestration. It covers domestic, international, public sector, and private sector news.
unknown authors
NETL: News Release -Large-Scale Industrial Carbon Capture, Storage...
the Illinois Basin region. The injected CO2 will come from the byproduct from processing corn into fuel-grade ethanol at ADM's biofuels plant adjacent to the storage site in...
Factors Affecting the Rate of Penetration of Large-Scale Electricity Technologies: The Case of Carbon Sequestration
SciTech Connect
This project falls under the Technology Innovation and Diffusion topic of the Integrated Assessment of Climate Change Research Program. The objective was to better understand the critical variables that affect the rate of penetration of large-scale electricity technologies in order to improve their representation in integrated assessment models. We conducted this research in six integrated tasks. In our first two tasks, we identified potential factors that affect penetration rates through discussions with modeling groups and through case studies of historical precedent. In the next three tasks, we investigated in detail three potential sets of critical factors: industrial conditions, resource conditions, and regulatory/environmental considerations. Research to assess the significance and relative importance of these factors involved the development of a microeconomic, system dynamics model of the US electric power sector. Finally, we implemented the penetration rate models in an integrated assessment model. While the focus of this effort is on carbon capture and sequestration technologies, much of the work will be applicable to other large-scale energy conversion technologies.
James R. McFarland; Howard J. Herzog
Combined Climate and Carbon-Cycle Effects of Large-Scale Deforestation
DOE Green Energy (OSTI)
The prevention of deforestation and promotion of afforestation have often been cited as strategies to slow global warming. Deforestation releases CO{sub 2} to the atmosphere, which exerts a warming influence on Earth's climate. However, biophysical effects of deforestation, which include changes in land surface albedo, evapotranspiration, and cloud cover also affect climate. Here we present results from several large-scale deforestation experiments performed with a three-dimensional coupled global carbon-cycle and climate model. These are the first such simulations performed using a fully three-dimensional model representing physical and biogeochemical interactions among land, atmosphere, and ocean. We find that global-scale deforestation has a net cooling influence on Earth's climate, since the warming carbon-cycle effects of deforestation are overwhelmed by the net cooling associated with changes in albedo and evapotranspiration. Latitude-specific deforestation experiments indicate that afforestation projects in the tropics would be clearly beneficial in mitigating global-scale warming, but would be counterproductive if implemented at high latitudes and would offer only marginal benefits in temperate regions. While these results question the efficacy of mid- and high-latitude afforestation projects for climate mitigation, forests remain environmentally valuable resources for many reasons unrelated to climate.
Bala, G; Caldeira, K; Wickett, M; Phillips, T J; Lobell, D B; Delire, C; Mirin, A
LUCI: A facility at DUSEL for large-scale experimental study of geologic carbon sequestration
study of geologic carbon sequestration Catherine A. Petersleakage at geologic carbon sequestration sites. Env EarthDOE) Conference on Carbon Sequestration, 2005. Alexandria,
Peters, C. A.
Crucial web usability factors of 36 industries for students: a large-scale empirical study
Science Conference Proceedings (OSTI)
The study identifies and prioritizes the crucial Web Usability Factors (WUFs) for websites from 36 industries. 400 respondents participated in the web evaluation and more than 12,000 data points were collected and analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression. ... Keywords: Clarity of goals in website, Ease of web navigation, Interactivity of website, Malaysia, Student Internet users, Trustworthiness of website, Use of color and fonts, Use of graphics and multimedia, User Testing method, Website design guidelines
Robert J. Nathan; Paul H. Yeow
Large-Scale Changes of Soil Wetness Induced by an Increase in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide
The change in soil wetness in response to an increase of atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide is investigated by two versions of a climate model which consists of a general circulation model of the atmosphere and a static mixed layer ...
S. Manabe; R. T. Wetherald
Large Scale U.S. Unconventional Fuels Production and the Role of Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage Technologies in Reducing Their Greenhouse Gas Emissions
This paper examines the role that carbon dioxide capture and storage technologies could play in reducing greenhouse gas emissions if a significant unconventional fuels industry were to develop within the United States. Specifically, the paper examines the potential emergence of a large scale domestic unconventional fuels industry based on oil shale and coal-to-liquids (CTL) technologies. For both of these domestic heavy hydrocarbon resources, this paper models the growth of domestic production to a capacity of 3 MMB/d by 2050. For the oil shale production case, we model large scale deployment of an in-situ retorting process applied to the Eocene Green River formation of Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming where approximately 75% of the high grade oil shale resources within the United States lies. For the CTL case, we examine a more geographically dispersed coal-based unconventional fuel industry. This paper examines the performance of these industries under two hypothetical climate policies and concludes that even with the wide scale availability of cost effective carbon dioxide capture and storage technologies, these unconventional fuels production industries would be responsible for significant increases in CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. The oil shale production facilities required to produce 3MMB/d would result in net emissions to the atmosphere of between 3000-7000 MtCO2 in addition to storing potentially 1000 to 5000 MtCO2 in regional deep geologic formations in the period up to 2050. A similarly sized domestic CTL industry could result in 4000 to 5000 MtCO2 emitted to the atmosphere in addition to potentially 21,000 to 22,000 MtCO2 stored in regional deep geologic formations over the same period up to 2050. Preliminary analysis of regional CO2 storage capacity in locations where such facilities might be sited indicates that there appears to be sufficient storage capacity, primarily in deep saline formations, to accommodate the CO2 from these industries. However, additional analyses plus detailed regional and site characterization is needed, along with a closer examination of competing storage demands.
Dooley, James J.; Dahowski, Robert T.
Carbon Molecular Sieve Membrane as a True One Box Unit for Large Scale Hydrogen Production
IGCC coal-fired power plants show promise for environmentally-benign power generation. In these plants coal is gasified to syngas then processed in a water gas-shift (WGS) reactor to maximize the hydrogen/CO{sub 2} content. The gas stream can then be separated into a hydrogen rich stream for power generation and/or further purified for sale as a chemical and a CO{sub 2} rich stream for the purpose of carbon capture and storage (CCS). Today, the separation is accomplished using conventional absorption/desorption processes with post CO{sub 2} compression. However, significant process complexity and energy penalties accrue with this approach, accounting for ~20% of the capital cost and ~27% parasitic energy consumption. Ideally, a �??one-box�?� process is preferred in which the syngas is fed directly to the WGS reactor without gas pre-treatment, converting the CO to hydrogen in the presence of H{sub 2}S and other impurities and delivering a clean hydrogen product for power generation or other uses. The development of such a process is the primary goal of this project. Our proposed "one-box" process includes a catalytic membrane reactor (MR) that makes use of a hydrogen-selective, carbon molecular sieve (CMS) membrane, and a sulfur-tolerant Co/Mo/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} catalyst. The membrane reactor�??s behavior has been investigated with a bench top unit for different experimental conditions and compared with the modeling results. The model is used to further investigate the design features of the proposed process. CO conversion >99% and hydrogen recovery >90% are feasible under the operating pressures available from IGCC. More importantly, the CMS membrane has demonstrated excellent selectivity for hydrogen over H{sub 2}S (>100), and shown no flux loss in the presence of a synthetic "tar"-like material, i.e., naphthalene. In summary, the proposed "one-box" process has been successfully demonstrated with the bench-top reactor. In parallel we have successfully designed and fabricated a full-scale CMS membrane and module for the proposed application. This full-scale membrane element is a 3" diameter with 30"L, composed of ~85 single CMS membrane tubes. The membrane tubes and bundles have demonstrated satisfactory thermal, hydrothermal, thermal cycling and chemical stabilities under an environment simulating the temperature, pressure and contaminant levels encountered in our proposed process. More importantly, the membrane module packed with the CMS bundle was tested for over 30 pressure cycles between ambient pressure and >300 -600 psi at 200 to 300°C without mechanical degradation. Finally, internal baffles have been designed and installed to improve flow distribution within the module, which delivered �?�90% separation efficiency in comparison with the efficiency achieved with single membrane tubes. In summary, the full-scale CMS membrane element and module have been successfully developed and tested satisfactorily for our proposed one-box application; a test quantity of elements/modules have been fabricated for field testing. Multiple field tests have been performed under this project at National Carbon Capture Center (NCCC). The separation efficiency and performance stability of our full-scale membrane elements have been verified in testing conducted for times ranging from 100 to >250 hours of continuous exposure to coal/biomass gasifier off-gas for hydrogen enrichment with no gas pre-treatment for contaminants removal. In particular, "tar-like" contaminants were effectively rejected by the membrane with no evidence of fouling. In addition, testing was conducted using a hybrid membrane system, i.e., the CMS membrane in conjunction with the palladium membrane, to demonstrate that 99+% H{sub 2} purity and a high degree of CO{sub 2} capture could be achieved. In summary, the stability and performance of the full-scale hydrogen selective CMS membrane/module has been verified in multiple field tests in the presence of coal/biomass gasifier off-gas under this project. A promi
Paul Liu
Carbon Capture and Storage from Industrial Sources | Department of Energy
Carbon Carbon Capture and Storage from Industrial Sources Carbon Capture and Storage from Industrial Sources In 2009, the industrial sector accounted for slightly more than one-quarter of total U.S. carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of 5,405 million metric tons from energy consumption, according to data from DOE's Energy Information Administration. In a major step forward in the fight to reduce CO2 emissions from industrial plants, DOE has allocated Recovery Act funds to more than 25 projects that capture and sequester CO2 emissions from industrial sources - such as cement plants, chemical plants, refineries, paper mills, and manufacturing facilities - into underground formations. Large-Scale Projects Three projects are aimed at testing large-scale industrial carbon capture
Large-scale Utilization of Biomass Energy and Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage in the Transport and Electricity Sectors under Stri ngent CO2 Concentration Limit Scenarios
Status: Published Citation: Luckow, P; Wise, M; Dooley, J; and Kim S. 2010. Large-scale Utilization of Biomass Energy and Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage in the Transport and Electricity Sectors under Stringent CO2 Concentration Limit Scenarios. In International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Volume 4, Issue 5, 2010, pp. 865-877. Large-scale, dedicated commercial biomass energy systems are a potentially large contributor to meeting stringent global climate policy targets by the end of the century....
Carbon Emissions: Food Industry
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) Indexed Site
Food Industry Food Industry Carbon Emissions in the Food Industry The Industry at a Glance, 1994 (SIC Code: 20) Total Energy-Related Emissions: 24.4 million metric tons of carbon (MMTC) -- Pct. of All Manufacturers: 6.6% Total First Use of Energy: 1,193 trillion Btu -- Pct. of All Manufacturers: 5.5% Carbon Intensity: 20.44 MMTC per quadrillion Btu Energy Information Administration, "1994 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey" and Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the United States 1998 Energy-Related Carbon Emissions, 1994 Source of Carbon Carbon Emissions (million metric tons) All Energy Sources 24.4 Net Electricity 9.8 Natural Gas 9.1 Coal 4.2 All Other Sources 1.3 Energy Information Administration, "1994 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey" and Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the United States 1998
Carbon Emissions: Chemicals Industry
Chemicals Industry Chemicals Industry Carbon Emissions in the Chemicals Industry The Industry at a Glance, 1994 (SIC Code: 28) Total Energy-Related Emissions: 78.3 million metric tons of carbon (MMTC) -- Pct. of All Manufacturers: 21.1% -- Nonfuel Emissions: 12.0 MMTC Total First Use of Energy: 5,328 trillion Btu -- Pct. of All Manufacturers: 24.6% Energy Sources Used As Feedstocks: 2,297 trillion Btu -- LPG: 1,365 trillion Btu -- Natural Gas: 674 trillion Btu Carbon Intensity: 14.70 MMTC per quadrillion Btu Energy Information Administration, "1994 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey" and Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the United States 1998 Energy-Related Carbon Emissions, 1994 Source of Carbon Carbon Emissions (million metric tons) All Energy Sources 78.3 Natural Gas 32.1
Carbon Emissions: Paper Industry
Paper Industry Paper Industry Carbon Emissions in the Paper Industry The Industry at a Glance, 1994 (SIC Code: 26) Total Energy-Related Emissions: 31.6 million metric tons of carbon (MMTC) -- Pct. of All Manufacturers: 8.5% Total First Use of Energy: 2,665 trillion Btu -- Pct. of All Manufacturers: 12.3% -- Pct. Renewable Energy: 47.7% Carbon Intensity: 11.88 MMTC per quadrillion Btu Renewable Energy Sources (no net emissions): -- Pulping liquor: 882 trillion Btu -- Wood chips and bark: 389 trillion Btu Energy Information Administration, "1994 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey" and Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the United States 1998 Energy-Related Carbon Emissions, 1994 Source of Carbon Carbon Emissions (million metric tons) All Energy Sources 31.6 Net Electricity 11.0
Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2014754 Joshua M. Pearce, "Industrial Symbiosis for Very Large Scale Photovoltaic
, or indium tin oxide to be used as the substrates. The production stages in the glass factory that utilize Symbiosis for Very Large Scale Photovoltaic Manufacturing", Renewable Energy 33, pp. 11011108, 2008. http methods of curbing GHG emissions is a world transition from fossil fuels to renewable sources of energy
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Industrial Carbon Capture Project Selections
(Partner Organizations) Funding Lead Organization Location (City, State) Project Title - Project Description 1) Large Scale Testing of Advanced Gasification Technologies Air Products & Chemicals, Inc. $71,700,000 Allentown, PA Development of ITM Oxygen Technology for Integration with Advanced Industrial Systems Air Products will accelerate commercial manufacture of ion transport membranes modules and initiate the development a 2,000 TPD pre- commercial scale facility ahead of schedule, enabling this technology
Carbon Emissions: Petroleum Refining Industry
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
Energy-Related Carbon Emissions for the Petroleum and Coal Products Industry, 1994. Petroleum refining is by far the largest component of the petroleum and ...
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE))
Industrial Carbon Capture Project SelectionsSeptember 2, 2010These projects have been selected for negotiation of awards; final award amounts may vary.
Large-Scale Hydropower
Large-scale hydropower plants are generally developed to produce electricity for government or electric utility projects. These plants are more than 30 MW in size, and there is more than 80,000 MW...
Industrial Carbon Management Initiative (ICMI)
Industrial Carbon Management Initiative Industrial Carbon Management Initiative (ICMI) Background The ICMI project is part of a larger program called Carbon Capture Simulation and Storage Initiative (C2S2I). The C2S2I has a goal of expanding the DOE's focus on Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) for advanced coal power systems and other applications, including the use of petroleum coke as a feedstock for the industrial sector. The American Recovery and Re-Investment Act (ARRA)-funded
China's Industrial Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Manufacturing...
China's Industrial Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Manufacturing Subsectors and in Selected Provinces Title China's Industrial Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Manufacturing Subsectors and...
Carbon Emissions: Food Industry - Energy Information Administration
The wet corn milling industry emits almost a sixth of the energy-related carbon in the food industry. ...
The Potential for Increased Atmospheric CO2 Emissions and Accelerated Consumption of Deep Geologic CO2 Storage Resources Resulting from the Large-Scale Deployment of a CCS-Enabled Unconventional Fossil Fuels Industry in the U.S.
Desires to enhance the energy security of the United States have spurred significant interest in the development of abundant domestic heavy hydrocarbon resources including oil shale and coal to produce unconventional liquid fuels to supplement conventional oil supplies. However, the production processes for these unconventional fossil fuels create large quantities of carbon dioxide (CO2) and this remains one of the key arguments against such development. Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technologies could reduce these emissions and preliminary analysis of regional CO2 storage capacity in locations where such facilities might be sited within the U.S. indicates that there appears to be sufficient storage capacity, primarily in deep saline formations, to accommodate the CO2 from these industries. Nevertheless, even assuming wide-scale availability of cost-effective CO2 capture and geologic storage resources, the emergence of a domestic U.S. oil shale or coal-to-liquids (CTL) industry would be responsible for significant increases in CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. The authors present modeling results of two future hypothetical climate policy scenarios that indicate that the oil shale production facilities required to produce 3MMB/d from the Eocene Green River Formation of the western U.S. using an in situ retorting process would result in net emissions to the atmosphere of between 3000-7000 MtCO2, in addition to storing potentially 900-5000 MtCO2 in regional deep geologic formations via CCS in the period up to 2050. A similarly sized, but geographically more dispersed domestic CTL industry could result in 4000-5000 MtCO2 emitted to the atmosphere in addition to potentially 21,000-22,000 MtCO2 stored in regional deep geologic formations over the same period. While this analysis shows that there is likely adequate CO2 storage capacity in the regions where these technologies are likely to deploy, the reliance by these industries on large-scale CCS could result in an accelerated rate of utilization of the nation�s CO2 storage resource, leaving less high-quality storage capacity for other carbon-producing industries including electric power generation.
Dooley, James J.; Dahowski, Robert T.; Davidson, Casie L.
Petroleum Refining Industry Petroleum Refining Industry Carbon Emissions in the Petroleum Refining Industry The Industry at a Glance, 1994 (SIC Code: 2911) Total Energy-Related Emissions: 79.9 million metric tons of carbon (MMTC) -- Pct. of All Manufacturers: 21.5% -- Nonfuel Emissions: 16.5 MMTC Total First Use of Energy: 6,263 trillion Btu -- Pct. of All Manufacturers: 28.9% Nonfuel Use of Energy Sources: 3,110 trillion Btu (49.7%) -- Naphthas and Other Oils: 1,328 trillion Btu -- Asphalt and Road Oil: 1,224 trillion Btu -- Lubricants: 416 trillion Btu Carbon Intensity: 12.75 MMTC per quadrillion Btu Energy Information Administration, "1994 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey", "Monthly Refinery Report" for 1994, and Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the United States 1998.
Large-Scale Utilization of Biomass Energy and Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage in the Transport and Electricity Sectors under Stringent CO2 Concentration Limit Scenarios
This paper examines the potential role of large scale, dedicated commercial biomass energy systems under global climate policies designed to meet atmospheric concentrations of CO2 at 400ppm and 450ppm by the end of the century. We use an integrated assessment model of energy and agriculture systems to show that, given a climate policy in which terrestrial carbon is appropriately valued equally with carbon emitted from the energy system, biomass energy has the potential to be a major component of achieving these low concentration targets. A key aspect of the research presented here is that the costs of processing and transporting biomass energy at much larger scales than current experience are explicitly incorporated into the modeling. From the scenario results, 120-160 EJ/year of biomass energy is produced globally by midcentury and 200-250 EJ/year by the end of this century. In the first half of the century, much of this biomass is from agricultural and forest residues, but after 2050 dedicated cellulosic biomass crops become the majority source, along with growing utilization of waste-to-energy. The ability to draw on a diverse set of biomass based feedstocks helps to reduce the pressure for drastic large-scale changes in land use and the attendant environmental, ecological, and economic consequences those changes would unleash. In terms of the conversion of bioenergy feedstocks into value added energy, this paper demonstrates that biomass is and will continue to be used to generate electricity as well as liquid transportation fuels. A particular focus of this paper is to show how climate policies and technology assumptions - especially the availability of carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technologies - affect the decisions made about where the biomass is used in the energy system. The potential for net-negative electric sector emissions through the use of CCS with biomass feedstocks provides an attractive part of the solution for meeting stringent emissions constraints; we find that at carbon prices above 150$/tCO2, over 90% of biomass in the energy system is used in combination with CCS. Despite the higher technology costs of CCS, it is a very important tool in controlling the cost of meeting a target, offsetting the venting of CO2 from sectors of the energy system that may be more expensive to mitigate, such as oil use in transportation. CCS is also used heavily with other fuels such as coal and natural gas, and by 2095 a total of 1530 GtCO2 has been stored in deep geologic reservoirs. The paper also discusses the role of cellulosic ethanol and Fischer-Tropsch biomass derived transportation fuels as two representative conversion processes and shows that both technologies may be important contributors to liquid fuels production, with unique costs and emissions characteristics.
Luckow, Patrick; Wise, Marshall A.; Dooley, James J.; Kim, Son H.
Carbon Emissions: Iron and Steel Industry
Energy-Related Carbon Emissions for Selected Iron and Steel Industries, 1994. Besides steel mills and blast furnaces, the primary metals industry also ...
Carbon Emissions: Stone, Clay, and Glass Industry
Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Update (EIA)
Stone et al. Industries Energy-Related Carbon Emissions for the Stone, Clay, and Glass Industry by Source, 1994. Three sources, coal, natural gas, and electricity, account for...
Energy-Related Carbon Emissions for Selected Stone, Clay, and Glass Industries, 1994. The cement and lime manufacturing industries emit almost half of ...
First U.S. Large-Scale CO2 Storage Project Advances | Department of Energy
First U.S. Large-Scale CO2 Storage Project Advances First U.S. Large-Scale CO2 Storage Project Advances First U.S. Large-Scale CO2 Storage Project Advances April 6, 2009 - 1:00pm Addthis Washington, DC - Drilling nears completion for the first large-scale carbon dioxide (CO2) injection well in the United States for CO2 sequestration. This project will be used to demonstrate that CO2 emitted from industrial sources - such as coal-fired power plants - can be stored in deep geologic formations to mitigate large quantities of greenhouse gas emissions. The Archer Daniels Midland Company (ADM) hosted an event April 6 for a CO2 injection test at their Decatur, Ill. ethanol facility. The injection well is being drilled into the Mount Simon Sandstone to a depth more than a mile beneath the surface. This is the first drilling into the sandstone geology
Would Border Carbon Adjustments prevent carbon leakage and heavy industry
No 52-2013 Would Border Carbon Adjustments prevent carbon leakage and heavy industry halshs-00870689,version1-7Oct2013 #12;Would Border Carbon Adjustments prevent carbon leakage and heavy The efficiency of unilateral climate policies may be hampered by carbon leakage and competitiveness losses
Recanati, Catherine
Carbon Footprinting for the Food Industry
174-1 Carbon Footprinting for the Food Industry Tim Bowser FAPC Food Process Engineer FAPC-174 and Natural Resources Carbon footprinting in the food industry is an activity that determines the greenhouse.g. tons) of carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalent per functional unit (e.g. kg or liter of goods sold) (PAS2050
Balasundaram, Balabhaskar "Baski"
Iron and Steel Industry Iron and Steel Industry Carbon Emissions in the Iron and Steel Industry The Industry at a Glance, 1994 (SIC Code: 3312) Total Energy-Related Emissions: 39.9 million metric tons of carbon (MMTC) -- Pct. of All Manufacturers: 10.7% -- Nonfuel Emissions: 22.2 MMTC Total First Use of Energy: 1,649 trillion Btu -- Pct. of All Manufacturers: 7.6% Nonfuel Use of Energy: 886 trillion Btu (53.7%) -- Coal: 858 trillion Btu (used to make coke) Carbon Intensity: 24.19 MMTC per quadrillion Btu Energy Information Administration, "1994 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey" and Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the United States 1998 Energy-Related Carbon Emissions, 1994 Source of Carbon Carbon Emissions (million metric tons) All Energy Sources 39.9 Coal 22.7
New Recovery Act Funding Boosts Industrial Carbon Capture and...
Recovery Act Funding Boosts Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage Research and Development New Recovery Act Funding Boosts Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage Research and...
Large-Scale PV Integration Study
This research effort evaluates the impact of large-scale photovoltaic (PV) and distributed generation (DG) output on NV Energy�s electric grid system in southern Nevada. It analyzes the ability of NV Energy�s generation to accommodate increasing amounts of utility-scale PV and DG, and the resulting cost of integrating variable renewable resources. The study was jointly funded by the United States Department of Energy and NV Energy, and conducted by a project team comprised of industry experts and research scientists from Navigant Consulting Inc., Sandia National Laboratories, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and NV Energy.
Lu, Shuai; Etingov, Pavel V.; Diao, Ruisheng; Ma, Jian; Samaan, Nader A.; Makarov, Yuri V.; Guo, Xinxin; Hafen, Ryan P.; Jin, Chunlian; Kirkham, Harold; Shlatz, Eugene; Frantzis, Lisa; McClive, Timothy; Karlson, Gregory; Acharya, Dhruv; Ellis, Abraham; Stein, Joshua; Hansen, Clifford; Chadliev, Vladimir; Smart, Michael; Salgo, Richard; Sorensen, Rahn; Allen, Barbara; Idelchik, Boris
Power Challenges of Large Scale Research Infrastructures: the Square Kilometer Array and Solar Energy Integration; Towards a zero-carbon footprint next generation telescope
The Square Kilometer Array (SKA) will be the largest Global science project of the next two decades. It will encompass a sensor network dedicated to radioastronomy, covering two continents. It will be constructed in remote areas of South Africa and Australia, spreading over 3000Km, in high solar irradiance latitudes. Solar Power supply is therefore an option to power supply the SKA and contribute to a zero carbon footprint next generation telescope. Here we outline the major characteristics of the SKA and some innovation approaches on thermal solar energy Integration with SKA prototypes.
Barbosa, Domingos; Ruiz, Valeriano; Silva, Manuel; Verdes-Montenegro, Lourdes; Santander-Vela, Juande; Maia, Dalmiro; Ant�n, Sonia; van Ardenne, Arnold; Vetter, Matthias; Kramer, Michael; Keller, Reinhard; Pereira, Nuno; Silva, Vitor
NETL: News Release - First U.S. Large-Scale CO2 Storage Project Advances
April 6, 2009 April 6, 2009 First U.S. Large-Scale CO2 Storage Project Advances One Million Metric Tons of Carbon to be Injected at Illinois Site Washington, DC -Drilling nears completion for the first large-scale carbon dioxide (CO2) injection well in the United States for CO2 sequestration. This project will be used to demonstrate that CO2 emitted from industrial sources - such as coal-fired power plants - can be stored in deep geologic formations to mitigate large quantities of greenhouse gas emissions. MORE INFO Link to the Midwest Geological Sequestration Consortium web site The Archer Daniels Midland Company (ADM) hosted an event April 6 for a CO2 injection test at their Decatur, Ill. ethanol facility. The injection well is being drilled into the Mount Simon Sandstone to a depth more than a mile
Investigation of CO2 plume behavior for a large-scale pilot test of geologic carbon storage in a saline formation
The hydrodynamic behavior of carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) injected into a deep saline formation is investigated, focusing on trapping mechanisms that lead to CO{sub 2} plume stabilization. A numerical model of the subsurface at a proposed power plant with CO{sub 2} capture is developed to simulate a planned pilot test, in which 1,000,000 metric tons of CO{sub 2} is injected over a four-year period, and the subsequent evolution of the CO{sub 2} plume for hundreds of years. Key measures are plume migration distance and the time evolution of the partitioning of CO{sub 2} between dissolved, immobile free-phase, and mobile free-phase forms. Model results indicate that the injected CO{sub 2} plume is effectively immobilized at 25 years. At that time, 38% of the CO{sub 2} is in dissolved form, 59% is immobile free phase, and 3% is mobile free phase. The plume footprint is roughly elliptical, and extends much farther up-dip of the injection well than down-dip. The pressure increase extends far beyond the plume footprint, but the pressure response decreases rapidly with distance from the injection well, and decays rapidly in time once injection ceases. Sensitivity studies that were carried out to investigate the effect of poorly constrained model parameters permeability, permeability anisotropy, and residual CO{sub 2} saturation indicate that small changes in properties can have a large impact on plume evolution, causing significant trade-offs between different trapping mechanisms.
Doughty, C.
Energy Basics: Large-Scale Hydropower
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
Energy Basics Renewable Energy Printable Version Share this resource Biomass Geothermal Hydrogen Hydropower Large-Scale Hydropower Microhydropower Hydropower Resources...
Virtual screening on large scale grids
Large scale grids for in silico drug discovery open opportunities of particular interest to neglected and emerging diseases. In 2005 and 2006, we have been able to deploy large scale virtual docking within the framework of the WISDOM initiative against ... Keywords: Avian influenza, Large scale grids, Malaria, Virtual screening
Nicolas Jacq; Vincent Breton; Hsin-Yen Chen; Li-Yung Ho; Martin Hofmann; Vinod Kasam; Hurng-Chun Lee; Yannick Legr�; Simon C. Lin; Astrid Maa�; Emmanuel Medernach; Ivan Merelli; Luciano Milanesi; Giulio Rastelli; Matthieu Reichstadt; Jean Salzemann; Horst Schwichtenberg; Ying-Ta Wu; Marc Zimmermann
Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Industrialized Countries
6 6 Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Industrialized Countries Extended discussion here Carbon emissions per capita 1973 vs. 1991 by major end use. (Denmark comparison is 1972 and 1991) With the third Conference of the Parties (COP-3) in Kyoto approaching, there is a great deal of excitement over policies designed to reduce future carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from fossil fuels. At COP-3, more than 130 nations will meet to create legally binding targets for CO2 reductions. Accordingly, we have analyzed the patterns of emissions arising from the end uses of energy (and electricity production) in ten industrialized countries, with surprising and, in some cases, worrisome results. The surprise is that emissions in many countries in the early 1990s were lower than in the 1970s in an absolute sense and on a per capita basis; the worry
Carbon Emissions: Paper Industry - U.S. Energy Information ...
Energy-Related Carbon Emissions for Selected Paper Industries, 1994. Paper and paperboard mills emit over 80 percent of the energy-related carbon in ...
Recovery Act: Re-utilization of Industrial Carbon Dioxide for...
Re-utilization of Industrial Carbon Dioxide for Algae Production Using a Phase Change Material Background Worldwide carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions from human activity have...
FutureGen Industrial Alliance Announces Carbon Storage Site Selection...
FutureGen Industrial Alliance Announces Carbon Storage Site Selection Process for FutureGen 2.0 FutureGen Industrial Alliance Announces Carbon Storage Site Selection Process for...
Modeling Carbon Sequestration over the Large-Scale Amazon Basin, Aided by Satellite Observations. Part I: Wet- and Dry-Season Surface Radiation Budget Flux and Precipitation Variability Based on GOES Retrievals
In this first part of a two-part investigation, large-scale Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) analyses over the Amaz�nia region have been carried out for March and October of 1999 to provide detailed information on surface ...
Jiujing Gu; Eric A. Smith; Harry J. Cooper; Andrew Grose; Guosheng Liu; James D. Merritt; Maarten J. Waterloo; Alessandro C. de Ara�jo; Antonio D. Nobre; Antonio O. Manzi; Jose Marengo; Paulo J. de Oliveira; Celso von Randow; John Norman; Pedro Silva Dias
Large Scale Quantum-mechanical Calculations of Proteins, Nanomaterials and
Large Scale Quantum-mechanical Calculations of Proteins, Nanomaterials and Large Scale Quantum-mechanical Calculations of Proteins, Nanomaterials and Other Large Systems Event Sponsor: Leadership Computing Facility Seminar Start Date: Dec 5 2013 - 2:00pm Building/Room: Building 240/Room 4301 Location: Argonne National Laboratory Speaker(s): Dmitri G. Fedorov Speaker(s) Title: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Host: Yuri Alexeev Our approach to large scale calculations is based on fragmenting a molecular system into pieces, and performing quantum-mechanical calculations of these fragments and their pairs in the fragment molecular orbital method (FMO). After a brief summary of the methodology, some typical applications to protein-ligand complexes, chemical reactions in explicit solvent, and nanomaterials (silicon nanowires, zeolites.
These plants are more than 30 MW in size, and there is more than 80,000 MW of installed generation capacity in the United States today. Most large-scale hydropower projects use a...
Large-Scale Hydrogen Combustion Experiments
Large-scale combustion experiments show that deliberate ignition can limit hydrogen accumulation in reactor containments. The collected data allow accurate evaluation of containment pressures and temperatures associated with hydrogen combustion.
Large-Scale Dynamics and Global Warming
Predictions of future climate change raise a variety of issues in large-scale atmospheric and oceanic dynamics. Several of these are reviewed in this essay, including the sensitivity of the circulation of the Atlantic Ocean to increasing ...
Isaac M. Held
Large-Scale Offshore Wind Power
Large-Scale Offshore Wind Power in the United States EXECUTIVE SUMMARY September 2010 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United...
Program Management for Large Scale Engineering Programs
The goal of this whitepaper is to summarize the LAI research that applies to program management. The context of most of the research discussed in this whitepaper are large-scale engineering programs, particularly in the ...
Oehmen, Josef
Regional Opportunities for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage in China: A Comprehensive CO2 Storage Cost Curve and Analysis of the Potential for Large Scale Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage in the People�s Republic of China
This study presents data and analysis on the potential for carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technologies to deploy within China, including a survey of the CO2 source fleet and potential geologic storage capacity. The results presented here indicate that there is significant potential for CCS technologies to deploy in China at a level sufficient to deliver deep, sustained and cost-effective emissions reductions for China over the course of this century.
Dahowski, Robert T.; Li, Xiaochun; Davidson, Casie L.; Wei, Ning; Dooley, James J.
FutureGen Industrial Alliance Announces Carbon Storage Site Selection
FutureGen Industrial Alliance Announces Carbon Storage Site FutureGen Industrial Alliance Announces Carbon Storage Site Selection Process for FutureGen 2.0 FutureGen Industrial Alliance Announces Carbon Storage Site Selection Process for FutureGen 2.0 October 6, 2010 - 12:00am Addthis WASHINGTON -- The FutureGen Industrial Alliance today announced details of a process that will lead to the selection of an Illinois site for the storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) collected at FutureGen 2.0, a landmark project that will advance the deployment of carbon capture and storage technology at an Ameren Energy Resources power plant in Meredosia, Illinois. Last month the Department of Energy signed two agreements, one with the FutureGen Industrial Alliance and one with Ameren Energy Resources that committed $1 billion in Recovery Act funding to design, build and
Carbon Strategy for the Food Industry FAPC Food Process Engineer
172-1 Carbon Strategy for the Food Industry Tim Bowser FAPC Food Process Engineer FAPC-172 Robert M and Natural Resources Introduction Carbon strategy is a term that refers to a systematic plan of action for managing carbon consumption and emissions related to food manufacturing and distribution activities
The Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia (LBA)
LBA (Amazon) LBA (Amazon) The Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia (LBA) Overview [LBA Logo] The Large-Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia (LBA) is an international research initiative conducted from 1995-2005 and led by Brazil. The LBA Project encompasses several scientific disciplines, or components. The LBA-ECO component focuses on the question: "How do tropical forest conversion, regrowth, and selective logging influence carbon storage, nutrient dynamics, trace gas fluxes, and the prospect for sustainable land use in Amazonia?" The Amazon rain forest or Amazonia, is the largest remaining expanse of tropical rain forest on Earth, harboring approximately one-third of all Earth's species. Although the rain forest's area is so large that it
Scaling Issues for Large-Scale Grids
· ESNet Can Play a Very Important Role in the Science Grid �? Security Aspects of Grids · ESNet Can Provide will be important and very useful for managing large-scale virtual org. structures #12;·ESNet Can Play a Very Important Role in the Science Grid · ESNet can provide a rooted and managed namespace, and a place to home
Distributed large-scale natural graph factorization
Natural graphs, such as social networks, email graphs, or instant messaging patterns, have become pervasive through the internet. These graphs are massive, often containing hundreds of millions of nodes and billions of edges. While some theoretical models ... Keywords: asynchronous algorithms, distributed optimization, graph algorithms, graph factorization, large-scale machine learning, matrix factorization
Amr Ahmed, Nino Shervashidze, Shravan Narayanamurthy, Vanja Josifovski, Alexander J. Smola
Breakthrough Industrial Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage Project
Breakthrough Industrial Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage Breakthrough Industrial Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage Project Begins Full-Scale Operations Breakthrough Industrial Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage Project Begins Full-Scale Operations May 10, 2013 - 11:36am Addthis NEWS MEDIA CONTACT (202) 586-4940 WASHINGTON - The Energy Department's Acting Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy Christopher Smith today attended a dedication ceremony at the Air Products and Chemicals hydrogen production facilities in Port Arthur, Texas. Supported by a $284 million Energy Department investment, the company has successfully begun capturing carbon dioxide from industrial operations and is now using that carbon for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and securely storing it underground. This first-of-a-kind, breakthrough project
New Recovery Act Funding Boosts Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage
Recovery Act Funding Boosts Industrial Carbon Capture and Recovery Act Funding Boosts Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage Research and Development New Recovery Act Funding Boosts Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage Research and Development September 7, 2010 - 1:00pm Addthis Washington, DC - U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu today announced the selection of 22 projects that will accelerate carbon capture and storage research and development for industrial sources. Funded with more than $575 million from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, these R&D projects complement the industrial demonstration projects already being funded through the Recovery Act. Together, these projects represent an unprecedented investment in the development of clean coal technologies. This program supports the President's goal to overcome the barriers to
Recovery Act Funding Boosts Industrial Carbon Capture and Recovery Act Funding Boosts Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage Research and Development New Recovery Act Funding Boosts Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage Research and Development September 7, 2010 - 12:00am Addthis Washington, D.C. - U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu today announced the selection of 22 projects that will accelerate carbon capture and storage research and development for industrial sources. Funded with more than $575 million from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, these R&D projects complement the industrial demonstration projects already being funded through the Recovery Act. Together, these projects represent an unprecedented investment in the development of clean coal technologies. This program supports the President's goal of overcoming the barriers to
Strategies to Finance Large-Scale Deployment of Renewable Energy...
Open Energy Info (EERE)
Large-Scale Deployment of Renewable Energy Projects: An Economic Development and Infrastructure Approach Jump to: navigation, search Name Strategies to Finance Large-Scale...
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Advanced Scientific...
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Advanced Scientific Computing Research: Target 2014 ASCRFrontcover.png Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for...
MTC Envelope: Defining the Capability of Large Scale Computers...
MTC Envelope: Defining the Capability of Large Scale Computers in the Context of Parallel Scripting Applications Title MTC Envelope: Defining the Capability of Large Scale...
Large-Scale Renewable Energy Guide
Renewable Energy Guide Renewable Energy Guide Brad Gustafson, FEMP 2 Large-scale RE Guide Large-scale RE Guide: Developing Renewable Energy Projects Larger than 10 MWs at Federal Facilities Introduction and Overview Federal Utility Partnership Working Group May 22, 2013 Federal Energy Management Program Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy U.S. Department of Energy 3 Federal Energy Management Program FEMP works with key individuals to accomplish energy change within organizations by bringing expertise from all levels of project and policy implementation to enable Federal Agencies to meet energy related goals and to provide energy leadership to the country. 4 FEMP Renewable Energy * Works to increase the proportion of renewable energy in the Federal government's energy mix.
Plenary lecture 5: industrializing carbon nanotechnology
The industrial revolution of the 1800's was underpinned by iron, copper, and aluminum materials. The electronics revolution in the 1900's was based on silicon and semiconductor materials. Then the composite materials revolution began replacing metals ...
Mark J. Schulz
China's Industrial Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Manufacturing Subsectors and in Selected Provinces
U.S. Energy-Related Carbon Dioxide Emissions, 2010. � AugustChina�s Industrial Carbon Dioxide Emissions in ManufacturingChina�s Industrial Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Manufacturing
Lu, Hongyou
The large scale clustering of radio sources
The observed two-point angular correlation function, w(theta), of mJy radio sources exhibits the puzzling feature of a power-law behaviour up to very large (almost 10 degrees) angular scales which cannot be accounted for in the standard hierarchical clustering scenario for any realistic redshift distribution of such sources. After having discarded the possibility that the signal can be explained by a high density local source population, we find no alternatives to assuming that - at variance with all the other extragalactic populations studied so far, and in particular with optically selected quasars - radio sources responsible for the large-scale clustering signal were increasingly less clustered with increasing look-back time, up to at least z=1. The data are accurately accounted for in terms of a bias function which decreases with increasing redshift, mirroring the evolution with cosmic time of the characteristic halo mass, M_{star}, entering the non linear regime. In the framework of the `concordance cosmology', the effective halo mass controlling the bias parameter is found to decrease from about 10^{15} M_{sun}/h at z=0 to the value appropriate for optically selected quasars, 10^{13} M_{sun}/h, at z=1.5. This suggests that, in the redshift range probed by the data, the clustering evolution of radio sources is ruled by the growth of large-scale structure, and that they are associated with the densest environments virializing at any cosmic epoch. The data provide only loose constraints on radio source clustering at z>1 so we cannot rule out the possibility that at these redshifts the clustering evolution of radio sources enters a different regime, perhaps similar to that found for optically selected quasars. The dependence of w(theta) on cosmological parameters is also discussed.
M. Negrello; M. Magliocchetti; G. De Zotti
Exploring Cloud Computing for Large-scale Scientific Applications
This paper explores cloud computing for large-scale data-intensive scientific applications. Cloud computing is attractive because it provides hardware and software resources on-demand, which relieves the burden of acquiring and maintaining a huge amount of resources that may be used only once by a scientific application. However, unlike typical commercial applications that often just requires a moderate amount of ordinary resources, large-scale scientific applications often need to process enormous amount of data in the terabyte or even petabyte range and require special high performance hardware with low latency connections to complete computation in a reasonable amount of time. To address these challenges, we build an infrastructure that can dynamically select high performance computing hardware across institutions and dynamically adapt the computation to the selected resources to achieve high performance. We have also demonstrated the effectiveness of our infrastructure by building a system biology application and an uncertainty quantification application for carbon sequestration, which can efficiently utilize data and computation resources across several institutions.
Lin, Guang; Han, Binh; Yin, Jian; Gorton, Ian
Large Scale GSHP as Alternative Energy for American Farmers Geothermal
GSHP as Alternative Energy for American Farmers Geothermal GSHP as Alternative Energy for American Farmers Geothermal Project Jump to: navigation, search Last modified on July 22, 2011. Project Title Large Scale GSHP as Alternative Energy for American Farmers Project Type / Topic 1 Recovery Act - Geothermal Technologies Program: Ground Source Heat Pumps Project Type / Topic 2 Topic Area 1: Technology Demonstration Projects Project Description We propose a large scale demonstration of solar assisted GSHP systems on two poultry farms in mid-Missouri. The heating load of Farm A with 4 barns will be 510 tons and Farm B with 5 barns will be 440 tons. Solar assisted GSHP systems will be installed, and new utility business model will be applied to both farms. Farm A will be constructed with commercial products in order to bring immediate impact to the industry. Farm B will also have a thermal energy storage system installed, and improved solar collectors will be used. A comprehensive energy analysis and economic study will be conducted.
Energy Department Loan Guarantee Would Support Large-Scale Rooftop...
Loan Guarantee Would Support Large-Scale Rooftop Solar Power for U.S. Military Housing Energy Department Loan Guarantee Would Support Large-Scale Rooftop Solar Power for U.S....
Locations of Smart Grid Demonstration and Large-Scale Energy...
Locations of Smart Grid Demonstration and Large-Scale Energy Storage Projects Locations of Smart Grid Demonstration and Large-Scale Energy Storage Projects Map of the United States...
Federal Energy Management Program: Large-scale Renewable Energy Projects
Large-scale Large-scale Renewable Energy Projects (Larger than 10 MWs) to someone by E-mail Share Federal Energy Management Program: Large-scale Renewable Energy Projects (Larger than 10 MWs) on Facebook Tweet about Federal Energy Management Program: Large-scale Renewable Energy Projects (Larger than 10 MWs) on Twitter Bookmark Federal Energy Management Program: Large-scale Renewable Energy Projects (Larger than 10 MWs) on Google Bookmark Federal Energy Management Program: Large-scale Renewable Energy Projects (Larger than 10 MWs) on Delicious Rank Federal Energy Management Program: Large-scale Renewable Energy Projects (Larger than 10 MWs) on Digg Find More places to share Federal Energy Management Program: Large-scale Renewable Energy Projects (Larger than 10 MWs) on
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for High Energy Physics
Director Editors Richard Gerber Harvey Wasserman NERSC UserServices Group NERSC User Services Group Large ScaleNERSC
Gerber, Richard A.
Large Scale Geothermal Exchange System for Residential, Office and Retail
Geothermal Exchange System for Residential, Office and Retail Geothermal Exchange System for Residential, Office and Retail Development Geothermal Project Jump to: navigation, search Last modified on July 22, 2011. Project Title Large Scale Geothermal Exchange System for Residential, Office and Retail Development Project Type / Topic 1 Recovery Act - Geothermal Technologies Program: Ground Source Heat Pumps Project Type / Topic 2 Topic Area 1: Technology Demonstration Projects Project Description RiverHeath will be a new neighborhood, with residences, shops, restaurants, and offices. The design incorporates walking trails, community gardens, green roofs, and innovative stormwater controls. A major component of the project is our reliance on renewable energy. One legacy of the land's industrial past is an onsite hydro-electric facility which formerly powered the paper factories. The onsite hydro is being refurbished and will furnish 100% of the project's electricity demand.
Large Scale Simulation of Particulate Flows
Simulations of particles in fluid flows are of great interest to numerous industries using sedimentation, fluidization, lubricated transport, and hydraulic fracturing of hydrocarbon reservoirs. Simulating incompressible viscoelastic flows with millions ...
Ahmed H. Sameh; Vivek Sarin
Factors affecting stress assisted corrosion cracking of carbon steel under industrial boiler conditions.
??Failure of carbon steel boiler tubes from waterside has been reported in the utility boilers and industrial boilers for a long time. In industrial boilers,� (more)
Yang, Dong
Algorithms for Large-Scale Internet Measurements
As the Internet has grown in size and importance to society, it has become increasingly difficult to generate global metrics of interest that can be used to verify proposed algorithms or monitor performance. This dissertation tackles the problem by proposing several novel algorithms designed to perform Internet-wide measurements using existing or inexpensive resources. We initially address distance estimation in the Internet, which is used by many distributed applications. We propose a new end-to-end measurement framework called Turbo King (T-King) that uses the existing DNS infrastructure and, when compared to its predecessor King, obtains delay samples without bias in the presence of distant authoritative servers and forwarders, consumes half the bandwidth, and reduces the impact on caches at remote servers by several orders of magnitude. Motivated by recent interest in the literature and our need to find remote DNS nameservers, we next address Internet-wide service discovery by developing IRLscanner, whose main design objectives have been to maximize politeness at remote networks, allow scanning rates that achieve coverage of the Internet in minutes/hours (rather than weeks/months), and significantly reduce administrator complaints. Using IRLscanner and 24-hour scan durations, we perform 20 Internet-wide experiments using 6 different protocols (i.e., DNS, HTTP, SMTP, EPMAP, ICMP and UDP ECHO). We analyze the feedback generated and suggest novel approaches for reducing the amount of blowback during similar studies, which should enable researchers to collect valuable experimental data in the future with significantly fewer hurdles. We finally turn our attention to Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS), which are often tasked with detecting scans and preventing them; however, it is currently unknown how likely an IDS is to detect a given Internet-wide scan pattern and whether there exist sufficiently fast stealth techniques that can remain virtually undetectable at large-scale. To address these questions, we propose a novel model for the windowexpiration rules of popular IDS tools (i.e., Snort and Bro), derive the probability that existing scan patterns (i.e., uniform and sequential) are detected by each of these tools, and prove the existence of stealth-optimal patterns.
Leonard, Derek Anthony
Energy-Related Carbon Emissions, by Industry, 1994
Energy Efficiency Page > Energy Energy-Related Carbon Emissions > Total Table Energy Efficiency Page > Energy Energy-Related Carbon Emissions > Total Table Total Energy-Related Carbon Emissions for Manufacturing Industries, 1994 Carbon Emissions (million metric tons) Carbon Intensity SIC Code Industry Group Total Net Electricity Natural Gas Petro- leum Coal Other (MMTC/ Quadrillion Btu) Total 371.7 131.1 93.5 87.3 56.8 3.1 17.16 20 Food and Kindred Products 24.4 9.8 9.1 W W 0.1 20.44 21 Tobacco Products W 0.1 W W W W W 22 Textile Mill Products 8.7 5.5 1.7 0.6 1.0 * 28.21 23 Apparel and Other Textile Products W 1.3 0.4 W W W W 24 Lumber and Wood Products 4.9 3.4 0.7 W W 0.2 9.98 25 Furniture and Fixtures 1.6 1.1 0.3 * 0.1 0.1 23.19 26 Paper and Allied Products 31.6 11.0 8.3 4.3 7.8 0.3 11.88
Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Data Dissemination for Large Scale Complex Critical Infrastructures
Welcome to Valencia and to the first edition of the workshop on Data Distribution for Large-scale Complex Critical Infrastructures (DD4LCCI 2010). This workshop aims at providing a forum for researchers and engineers in academia and industry to foster ...
Christian Esposito; Aniruddha Gokhale; Domenico Cotroneo; Douglas C. Schmidt
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Fusion Energy...
at NERSC HPC Requirements Reviews Requirements for Science: Target 2014 Fusion Energy Sciences (FES) Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Fusion Energy...
Large Scale Quantum-mechanical Calculations of Proteins, Nanomaterials...
Large Scale Quantum-mechanical Calculations of Proteins, Nanomaterials and Other Large Systems Event Sponsor: Leadership Computing Facility Seminar Start Date: Dec 5 2013 - 2:00pm...
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Nuclear Physics Research
outlined in the 2011 DOE Strategic Plan�. � U.S. Departmentstrategic plans. Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Nuclear Physics DOE �
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Basic Energy...
at NERSC HPC Requirements Reviews Requirements for Science: Target 2014 Basic Energy Sciences (BES) Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Basic Energy...
Solving large scale polynomial convex problems on \\ell_1/nuclear ...
Oct 24, 2012 ... Solving large scale polynomial convex problems on \\ell_1/nuclear norm balls by randomized first-order algorithms. Aharon Ben-Tal (abental�...
Large Scale Computing Requirements for Basic Energy Sciences (An BES / ASCR / NERSC Workshop) Hilton Washington DC/Rockville Meeting Center, Rockville MD 3D Geophysical Imaging
Requirements Requirements for Basic Energy Sciences (An BES / ASCR / NERSC Workshop) Hilton Washington DC/Rockville Meeting Center, Rockville MD 3D Geophysical Modeling and Imaging G. A. Newman Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory February 9 - 10 , 2010 Talk Outline * SEAM Geophysical Modeling Project - Its Really Big! * Geophysical Imaging (Seismic & EM) - Its 10 to 100x Bigger! - Reverse Time Migration - Full Waveform Inversion - 3D Imaging & Large Scale Considerations - Offshore Brazil Imaging Example (EM Data Set) * Computational Bottlenecks * Computing Alternatives - GPU's & FPGA's - Issues Why ? So that the resource industry can tackle grand geophysical challenges (Subsalt imaging, land acquisition, 4-D, CO2, carbonates ......) SEAM Mission Advance the science and technology of applied
NETL: Industrial Capture & Storage
1 1 Technologies Industrial Capture & Storage Area 1 Large-Scale Industrial CCS Program The United States Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory (DOE/NETL, or DOE) is currently implementing a program titled "Carbon Capture and Sequestration from Industrial Sources and Innovative Concepts for Beneficial CO2 Use." This CO2 Capture and Sequestration (CCS) and CO2 use program is a cost-shared collaboration between the Government and industry whose purpose is to increase investment in clean industrial technologies and sequestration projects. In accordance with the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, and Section 703 of Public Law 110-140, DOE's two specific objectives are to demonstrate: (1) Large-Scale Industrial CCS projects from industrial sources, and (2) Innovative Concepts for beneficial CO2 use.
Incorporating Carbon in Energy Planning at Industrial Facilities
Climate legislation appears increasingly likely, reflected by intensifying legislative activity and two generally supportive presidential candidates. Most who track climate legislation predict that a law will be passed in late 2009 or early 2010. Regulations and emission limits are expected in 2012 or 2013, although some mandatory pre-compliance greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reporting by �covered entities� will need to begin near term. The most significant ramification of climate legislation for industrial facilities will be that GHG emissions will, starting in the first compliance year, have a per tonne emission cost; this will either have to be paid for in (1) pass-through costs on more expensive power or fuel, (2) purchases of allowances for emissions, or (3) purchases of carbon offsets (i.e., CO2 reduction or sequestration projects to offset emissions). Although much remains uncertain as to the nature of the legislation, the inevitability of a per-tonne emissions cost makes it important to begin planning for this economic responsibility right away. If this future carbon liability is not considered in financial analysis, then projects that reduce future carbon-related expenditures may be overlooked in favor of those that will be less economically advantageous without pricing carbon cost. In this respect, it is important to �shadow price� carbon into financial forecasting, especially in capital planning. Heretofore, all planning for carbon reduction should be made against a properly documented emissions baseline, with full accommodation of the rules of carbon reduction project origination and monetization. If these rules are met in advance, pre-compliance carbon reduction projects may be eligible to earn bankable credits once climate legislation is in effect. However, if capital projects are planned and financed without proper accommodation of the crediting rules, then bankable credits will not be claimable, and the capital spending will not be as efficiently used. This paper speaks to methods of analyzing a facility�s potential greenhouse gas liability and establishing a system of greenhouse gas management that �shadow prices� carbon into financial planning. The lecture will also give a status report on carbon legislation, and a brief mention of the rules of carbon crediting, as spelled out in the most widely accepted protocol.
Smith, K.
Large-Scale Eucalyptus Energy Farms and Power Cogeneration1
Large-Scale Eucalyptus Energy Farms and Power Cogeneration1 Robert C. Noronla2 The initiation of a large-scale cogeneration project, especially one that combines construction of the power generation supplemental fuel source must be sought if the cogeneration facility will consume more fuel than
Standiford, Richard B.
A large scale study of text-messaging use
Text messaging has become a popular form of communication with mobile phones worldwide. We present findings from a large scale text messaging study of 70 university students in the United States. We collected almost 60, 000 text messages over a period ... Keywords: large-scale study, mobile device, short message service, sms, text messaging, texting
Agathe Battestini; Vidya Setlur; Timothy Sohn
Clean Energy Solutions Large Scale CHP and Fuel Cells Program | Department
Clean Energy Solutions Large Scale CHP and Fuel Cells Program Clean Energy Solutions Large Scale CHP and Fuel Cells Program Clean Energy Solutions Large Scale CHP and Fuel Cells Program < Back Eligibility Commercial Fed. Government Industrial Institutional Local Government Nonprofit State Government Savings Category Commercial Heating & Cooling Manufacturing Buying & Making Electricity Alternative Fuel Vehicles Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Maximum Rebate CHP: $3,000,000 or 30% of project costs Fuel Cells: $3,000,000 or 45% of project costs Program Info Start Date 01/17/2013 State New Jersey Program Type State Grant Program Rebate Amount CHP greater than 1 MW-3 MW: $0.55/wattt CHP > 3 MW: $0.35/watt Fuel Cells > 1 MW with waste heat utilization: $2.00/watt Fuel Cells > 1 MW without waste heat utilization: $1.50/watt
Large-Scale Hydropower Basics | Department of Energy
Large-Scale Hydropower Basics Large-Scale Hydropower Basics Large-Scale Hydropower Basics August 14, 2013 - 3:11pm Addthis Large-scale hydropower plants are generally developed to produce electricity for government or electric utility projects. These plants are more than 30 megawatts (MW) in size, and there is more than 80,000 MW of installed generation capacity in the United States today. Most large-scale hydropower projects use a dam and a reservoir to retain water from a river. When the stored water is released, it passes through and rotates turbines, which spin generators to produce electricity. Water stored in a reservoir can be accessed quickly for use during times when the demand for electricity is high. Dammed hydropower projects can also be built as power storage facilities.
Ferroelectric opening switches for large-scale pulsed power drivers.
Fast electrical energy storage or Voltage-Driven Technology (VDT) has dominated fast, high-voltage pulsed power systems for the past six decades. Fast magnetic energy storage or Current-Driven Technology (CDT) is characterized by 10,000 X higher energy density than VDT and has a great number of other substantial advantages, but it has all but been neglected for all of these decades. The uniform explanation for neglect of CDT technology is invariably that the industry has never been able to make an effective opening switch, which is essential for the use of CDT. Most approaches to opening switches have involved plasma of one sort or another. On a large scale, gaseous plasmas have been used as a conductor to bridge the switch electrodes that provides an opening function when the current wave front propagates through to the output end of the plasma and fully magnetizes the plasma - this is called a Plasma Opening Switch (POS). Opening can be triggered in a POS using a magnetic field to push the plasma out of the A-K gap - this is called a Magnetically Controlled Plasma Opening Switch (MCPOS). On a small scale, depletion of electron plasmas in semiconductor devices is used to affect opening switch behavior, but these devices are relatively low voltage and low current compared to the hundreds of kilo-volts and tens of kilo-amperes of interest to pulsed power. This work is an investigation into an entirely new approach to opening switch technology that utilizes new materials in new ways. The new materials are Ferroelectrics and using them as an opening switch is a stark contrast to their traditional applications in optics and transducer applications. Emphasis is on use of high performance ferroelectrics with the objective of developing an opening switch that would be suitable for large scale pulsed power applications. Over the course of exploring this new ground, we have discovered new behaviors and properties of these materials that were here to fore unknown. Some of these unexpected discoveries have lead to new research directions to address challenges.
Brennecka, Geoffrey L.; Rudys, Joseph Matthew; Reed, Kim Warren; Pena, Gary Edward; Tuttle, Bruce Andrew; Glover, Steven Frank
Advanced concepts in large-scale network simulation
This tutorial paper reviews existing concepts and future directions in selected areas related to simulation of large-scale networks. It covers specifically topics in traffic modeling, simulation of routing, network emulation, and real-time simulation.
David M. Nicol; Michael Liljenstam; Jason Liu
Large-Scale Meteorology and Deep Convection during TRMM KWAJEX
An overview of the large-scale behavior of the atmosphere during the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Kwajalein Experiment (KWAJEX) is presented. Sounding and ground radar data collected during KWAJEX, and several routinely available ...
Adam H. Sobel; Sandra E. Yuter; Christopher S. Bretherton; George N. Kiladis
Data mining techniques for large-scale gene expression analysis
Modern computational biology is awash in large-scale data mining problems. Several high-throughput technologies have been developed that enable us, with relative ease and little expense, to evaluate the coordinated expression ...
Palmer, Nathan Patrick
Student Pages: RFP-Large-Scale Diversion of Water
Supplying Our Water Needs H2O Request For Proposal Large Scale Diversion of Water U.S. Army Corp of Engineers-Chicago District online Be sure to submit the online sign-off each...
Large-Scale Aspects of the United States Hydrologic Cycle
A large-scale, gridpoint, atmospheric, hydrologic climatology consisting of atmospheric precipitable water, precipitation, atmospheric moisture flux convergence, and a residual evaporation for the conterminous United States is described. A large-...
John O. Roads; Shyh-C. Chen; Alexander K. Guetter; Konstantine P. Georgakakos
On solving large scale polynomial convex problems by randomized ...
plications), the (unimprovable in the large-scale case) rate of convergence of FOM's ...... mjnj min[mj,nj]) a.o.) and eigenvalue decomposition of a matrix from Sm.
Infrastructure for large-scale tests in marine autonomy
This thesis focuses on the development of infrastructure for research with large-scale autonomous marine vehicle fleets and the design of sampling trajectories for compressive sensing (CS). The newly developed infrastructure ...
Hummel, Robert A. (Robert Andrew)
Platforms and real options in large-scale engineering systems
This thesis introduces a framework and two methodologies that enable engineering management teams to assess the value of real options in programs of large-scale, partially standardized systems implemented a few times over ...
Kalligeros, Konstantinos C., 1976-
Technoeconomic Evaluation of Large-Scale Electrolytic Hydrogen Production Technologies
Large-scale production of electrolytic hydrogen and oxygen could increase use of baseload and off-peak surplus power. To be competitive, however, water electrolysis will require low-cost electricity.
Decomposition methods for large scale stochastic and robust optimization problems
We propose new decomposition methods for use on broad families of stochastic and robust optimization problems in order to yield tractable approaches for large-scale real world application. We introduce a new type of a ...
Becker, Adrian Bernard Druke
Materialized community ground models for large-scale earthquake simulation
Large-scale earthquake simulation requires source datasets which describe the highly heterogeneous physical characteristics of the earth in the region under simulation. Physical characteristic datasets are the first stage in a simulation pipeline which ...
Steven W. Schlosser; Michael P. Ryan; Ricardo Taborda; Julio L�pez; David R. O'Hallaron; Jacobo Bielak
ARM - Evaluation Product - Vertical Air Motion during Large-Scale
ProductsVertical Air Motion during Large-Scale ProductsVertical Air Motion during Large-Scale Stratiform Rain Comments? We would love to hear from you! Send us a note below or call us at 1-888-ARM-DATA. Send Evaluation Product : Vertical Air Motion during Large-Scale Stratiform Rain Site(s) NIM SGP General Description The Vertical Air Motion during Large-Scale Stratiform Rain (VERVELSR) value-added product (VAP) uses the unique properties of a 95-GHz radar Doppler velocity spectra to produce vertical profiles of air motion during low-to-moderate (1-20 mm/hr) rainfall events It is designed to run at ARM sites that include a W-band ARM cloud radar (WACR) radar with spectra data processing. The VERVELSR VAP, based on the work of Giangrande et al. (2010), operates by exploiting a resonance effect that occurs in
NETL: Industrial Capture and Storage (ICCS): Area 1
ICCS Area 1 ICCS Area 1 Major Demonstrations Industrial Capture and Storage (ICCS): Area 1 The Large-Scale Industrial CCS Projects (Area 1) are managed by NETL under the Major Demonstrations Program. In October 2009, the U.S. Department of Energy announced the selection of 12 Large-Scale projects intended to capture CO2 from industrial sources for storage or beneficial use. Read more! These Phase I projects were cost-shared collaborations between the government and industry to increase investment in clean industrial technologies and sequestration projects. The Phase I duration of each project selected was approximately seven months. On June 10, 2010, DOE selected three projects from Phase I to enter into Phase 2 for design, construction, and operation. Potential additional applications for funding of large-scale industrial carbon capture and storage projects are pending further clarification and review. Collapse Text
COMMENTS OF THE LARGE-SCALE SOLAR ASSOCIATION TO DEPARTMENT COMMENTS OF THE LARGE-SCALE SOLAR ASSOCIATION TO DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY'S RAPID RESPONSE TEAM FOR TRANSMISSION'S REQUEST FOR INFORMATION Submitted by electronic mail to: firstname.lastname@example.com The Large-scale Solar Association appreciates this opportunity to respond to the Department of Energy's (DOE) Rapid Response Team for Transmission's (RRTT) Request for Information. 1 We applaud the DOE for creating the RRTT and continuing to advance the efforts already made under the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) entered into by nine Federal agencies in 2009 to expedite electric transmission construction. We also applaud the federal and state agencies that have expanded the Renewable Energy Policy Group and the Renewable Energy Action Team in California to focus on transmission, and hope that the tremendous
Nevada Weatherizes Large-Scale Complex | Department of Energy
Nevada Weatherizes Large-Scale Complex Nevada Weatherizes Large-Scale Complex Nevada Weatherizes Large-Scale Complex July 1, 2010 - 10:11am Addthis What does this project do? This nonprofit weatherized a 22-unit low-income multifamily complex, reducing the building's duct leakage from 90 percent to just 5 percent. The weatherization program of the Rural Nevada Development Corporation (RNDC) reached a recent success in its eleven counties-wide territory. In June, the nonprofit finished weatherizing a 22-unit low-income multifamily complex, reducing the building's duct leakage from 90 percent to just 5 percent. "That is one big savings and is why I am proud of this project," says Dru Simerson, RNDC Weatherization Manager. RNDC's crew replaced all windows and 17 furnaces and installed floor
Metal hydride based isotope separation: Large-scale operations
A program to develop a metal hydride based hydrogen isotope separation process began at the Savannah River Laboratory in 1980. This semi-continuous gas chromatographic separation process will be used in new tritium facilities at the Savannah River Site. A tritium production unit is scheduled to start operation in 1993. An experimental, large-scale unit is currently being tested using protium and deuterium. Operation of the large-scale unit has demonstrated separation of mixed hydrogen isotopes (55% protium and 45% deuterium), resulting in protium and deuterium product streams with purities better than 99.5%. 3 refs., 4 figs.
Horen, A.S.; Lee, Myung W.
A Global Technology Roadmap on Carbon Capture and Storage in Industry |
A Global Technology Roadmap on Carbon Capture and Storage in Industry A Global Technology Roadmap on Carbon Capture and Storage in Industry Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary LAUNCH TOOL Name: A Global Technology Roadmap on Carbon Capture and Storage in Industry Agency/Company /Organization: United Nations Industrial Development Organization Focus Area: Industry Topics: Pathways analysis, Technology characterizations Resource Type: Publications Website: www.unido.org/index.php?id=1000821 References: A Global Technology Roadmap on Carbon Capture and Storage in Industry[1] CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS) is a key technology option for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions mitigation. Recent studies suggest that CCS would contribute 19% of the total global mitigation that is needed for halving global GHG emissions by 2050. Overview
A root cause localization model for large scale systems
Root cause localization, the process of identifying the source of problems in a system using purely external observations, is a significant challenge in many large-scale systems. In this paper, we propose an abstract model that captures the common issues ...
Emre Kiciman; Lakshminarayanan Subramanian
Predictive discrete latent factor models for large scale dyadic data
We propose a novel statistical method to predict large scale dyadic response variables in the presence of covariate information. Our approach simultaneously incorporates the effect of covariates and estimates local structure that is induced by interactions ... Keywords: co-clustering, dyadic data, generalized linear regression, latent factor modeling
Deepak Agarwal; Srujana Merugu
Lessons from Large-Scale Renewable Energy Integration Studies: Preprint
In general, large-scale integration studies in Europe and the United States find that high penetrations of renewable generation are technically feasible with operational changes and increased access to transmission. This paper describes other key findings such as the need for fast markets, large balancing areas, system flexibility, and the use of advanced forecasting.
Bird, L.; Milligan, M.
A holonic approach to model and deploy large scale simulations
Multi-Agent Based Simulations (MABS) for real-world problems may require a large number of agents. A possible solution is to distribute the simulation in multiple machines. Thus, we are forced to consider how Large Scale MABS can be deployed in order ...
Sebastian Rodriguez; Vincent Hilaire; Abder Koukam
In Situ Visualization for Large-Scale Combustion Simulations
As scientific supercomputing moves toward petascale and exascale levels, in situ visualization stands out as a scalable way for scientists to view the data their simulations generate. This full picture is crucial particularly for capturing and understanding ... Keywords: in situ visualization, large-scale simulation, parallel rendering, supercomputing, scalability, computer graphics, graphics and multimedia
Hongfeng Yu; Chaoli Wang; Ray W. Grout; Jacqueline H. Chen; Kwan-Liu Ma
The cube: a very large-scale interactive engagement space
"The Cube" is a unique facility that combines 48 large multi-touch screens and very large-scale projection surfaces to form one of the world's largest interactive learning and engagement spaces. The Cube facility is part of the Queensland University ... Keywords: interactive wall displays, multi-touch, very large displays
Markus Rittenbruch, Andrew Sorensen, Jared Donovan, Debra Polson, Michael Docherty, Jeff Jones
Computational challenges in large-scale air pollution modelling
Many difficulties must be overcome when large-scale air pollution models are treated numerically, because the physical and chemical processes in the atmosphere are very fast. This is why it is necessary to use a large space domain in order ... Keywords: air pollution models, finite elements, ordinary differential equations, parallel computational, partial differential equations, quasi-steady-state-approximation
Tzvetan Ostromsky; Wojciech Owczarz; Zahari Zlatev
A Simulator for Large-Scale Parallel Computer Architectures
Efficient design of hardware and software for large-scale parallel execution requires detailed understanding of the interactions between the application, computer, and network. The authors have developed a macro-scale simulator SST/macro that permits ... Keywords: Computer Architecture Simulation, Macro-scale Simulator, Message Passing Interface, Network Congestion, Network Models
Helgi Adalsteinsson; Scott Cranford; David A. Evensky; Joseph P. Kenny; Jackson Mayo; Ali Pinar; Curtis L. Janssen
Believability in simplifications of large scale physically based simulation
We verify two hypotheses which are assumed to be true only intuitively in many rigid body simulations. I: In large scale rigid body simulation, viewers may not be able to perceive distortion incurred by an approximated simulation method. II: ... Keywords: 3D graphics and realism, animation, physically based simulation
Donghui Han; Shu-wei Hsu; Ann McNamara; John Keyser
emissions: mineral carbonation and Finnish pulp and paper industry (CO2
- ation of slags from iron- and steel industry" pre- sented at the 4th Nordic Mini-symposium on CO2CO2 emissions: mineral carbonation and Finnish pulp and paper industry (CO2 Nordic Plus) and Use of serpentinites in energy and metal industry (ECOSERP) Carl-Johan Fogelholm, Project leader, professor Sanni
Zevenhoven, Ron
Parallel I/O Software Infrastructure for Large-Scale Systems
Parallel IO Software Infrastructure for Large-Scale Systems Parallel IO Software Infrastructure for Large-Scale Systems | Tags: Math & Computer Science Choudhary.png An...
Large scale meteorological influence during the Geysers 1979 field experiment
A series of meteorological field measurements conducted during July 1979 near Cobb Mountain in Northern California reveals evidence of several scales of atmospheric circulation consistent with the climatic pattern of the area. The scales of influence are reflected in the structure of wind and temperature in vertically stratified layers at a given observation site. Large scale synoptic gradient flow dominates the wind field above about twice the height of the topographic ridge. Below that there is a mixture of effects with evidence of a diurnal sea breeze influence and a sublayer of katabatic winds. The July observations demonstrate that weak migratory circulations in the large scale synoptic meteorological pattern have a significant influence on the day-to-day gradient winds and must be accounted for in planning meteorological programs including tracer experiments.
Barr, S.
Large-Scale Renewable Energy Development on Public Lands
Large-Scale Renewable Energy Large-Scale Renewable Energy Development on Public Lands Boyan Kovacic email@example.com 5/2/12 2 | FEDERAL ENERGY MANAGEMENT PROGRAM femp.energy.gov * BLM RE Drivers * BLM RE Programs * BLM Permitting and Revenues * Case Studies * Withdrawn Military Land Outline 3 | FEDERAL ENERGY MANAGEMENT PROGRAM femp.energy.gov BLM: Bureau of Land Management BO: Biological Opinion CSP: Concentrating Solar Power DOE: Department of Energy DOI: Department of Interior EA: Environmental Assessment EIS: Environmental Impact Statement FONSI: Finding of No Significant Impact FS: U.S. Forrest Service IM: Instruction Memorandum MPDS: Maximum Potential Development Scenario NEPA: National Environmental Policy Act NOI: Notice of Intent NOP: Notice to Proceed
NETL: News Release - Projects Selected to Address Challenges of Large-Scale
3, 2008 3, 2008 Projects Selected to Address Challenges of Large-Scale Hydrogen Production from Coal and Coal-Biomass WASHINGTON, D. C. - The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced today the selection of six projects that will address challenges facing the large-scale production of hydrogen from coal and coal-biomass mixtures. The ability of hydrogen to fuel transportation, power generation and industrial processes with only water as a by-product makes it an efficient and clean fuel to meet growing U.S. energy demands while assuring energy security. The National Academies affirmed in a 2004 report that hydrogen could fundamentally transform U.S. energy systems, but coal must be a significant component for making very large amounts of the gas. To address the challenges of large-scale production of hydrogen from coal, the Hydrogen Fuel Initiative was launched in 2003, announcing a $1.2 billion commitment to a hydrogen economy that minimizes America's dependence on foreign oil and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. The Presidential initiative also provides funding for hydrogen research and development (R&D).
Streamlined carbon footprint computation : case studies in the food industry
One of the greatest barriers in product Carbon Footprinting is the large amount of time and effort required for data collection across the supply chain. Tesco's decision to downsize their carbon footprint project from the ...
Lee, Yin Jin
The Phoenix series large scale LNG pool fire experiments.
The increasing demand for natural gas could increase the number and frequency of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) tanker deliveries to ports across the United States. Because of the increasing number of shipments and the number of possible new facilities, concerns about the potential safety of the public and property from an accidental, and even more importantly intentional spills, have increased. While improvements have been made over the past decade in assessing hazards from LNG spills, the existing experimental data is much smaller in size and scale than many postulated large accidental and intentional spills. Since the physics and hazards from a fire change with fire size, there are concerns about the adequacy of current hazard prediction techniques for large LNG spills and fires. To address these concerns, Congress funded the Department of Energy (DOE) in 2008 to conduct a series of laboratory and large-scale LNG pool fire experiments at Sandia National Laboratories (Sandia) in Albuquerque, New Mexico. This report presents the test data and results of both sets of fire experiments. A series of five reduced-scale (gas burner) tests (yielding 27 sets of data) were conducted in 2007 and 2008 at Sandia's Thermal Test Complex (TTC) to assess flame height to fire diameter ratios as a function of nondimensional heat release rates for extrapolation to large-scale LNG fires. The large-scale LNG pool fire experiments were conducted in a 120 m diameter pond specially designed and constructed in Sandia's Area III large-scale test complex. Two fire tests of LNG spills of 21 and 81 m in diameter were conducted in 2009 to improve the understanding of flame height, smoke production, and burn rate and therefore the physics and hazards of large LNG spills and fires.
Simpson, Richard B.; Jensen, Richard Pearson; Demosthenous, Byron; Luketa, Anay Josephine; Ricks, Allen Joseph; Hightower, Marion Michael; Blanchat, Thomas K.; Helmick, Paul H.; Tieszen, Sheldon Robert; Deola, Regina Anne; Mercier, Jeffrey Alan; Suo-Anttila, Jill Marie; Miller, Timothy J.
Safety aspects of large-scale handling of hydrogen
Since the decade of the 1950s, there has been a large increase in the quantity of hydrogen, especially liquid hydrogen, that has been produced, transported, and used. The technology of hydrogen, as it relates to safety, has also developed at the same time. The possible sources of hazards that can arise in the large-scale handling of hydrogen are recognized, and for the most part, sufficiently understood. These hazard sources are briefly discussed. 26 refs., 4 figs.
Edeskuty, F.J.; Stewart, W.F.
1 2Impacts of Energy and Carbon Taxes on the US Pulp and Paper Industry
Market-based climate change policy instruments, such as energy and carbon taxes, have frequently been proposed as efficient means to stimulate industrial energy efficiency improvements and to reduce carbon emissions. This paper presents an assessment of the impacts that energy and carbon taxes may have on energy use and emissions profiles of the US pulp and paper industry. Time series data and engineering information are combined to endgenously specify changes in technologies and fuel mix within a dynamic computer model. The results of the model indicate under a wide range of assumptions that revenue-neutral energy or carbon taxes will increase carbon emissions when compared to the absence of those taxes, and that carbon emissions are higher under carbon taxes than under comparable energy taxes. Those seemingly counter-intuitive results have significant policy implications which are discussed in this paper.
Matthias Ruth; Brynhildur Davidsdottir; Matthias Ruth; Brynhildur Davidsdottir
Carbon Emissions: Chemicals Industry - U.S. Energy ...
... is sequestered in chemical industry products, such as plastics and fertilizers, rather than emitted through combustion. [Energy ...
Geologic carbon dioxide sequestration from the Mexican oil industry : an action plan
Climate change has become an important focus of international environmental negotiations. In response, global energy corporations have been looking for practical ways of reducing their industrial carbon dioxide (CO?) ...
Lacy, Rodolfo
DOE Seeks Proposals to Increase Investment in Industrial Carbon Capture and
DOE Seeks Proposals to Increase Investment in Industrial Carbon DOE Seeks Proposals to Increase Investment in Industrial Carbon Capture and Sequestration Projects DOE Seeks Proposals to Increase Investment in Industrial Carbon Capture and Sequestration Projects June 15, 2009 - 1:00pm Addthis Washington, DC - The U.S. Department of Energy has issued a Funding Opportunity Announcement soliciting projects to capture and sequester carbon dioxide from industrial sources and to put CO2 to beneficial use. The successful development of advanced technologies and innovative concepts to prevent CO2 from being emitted into the atmosphere is a key component of national efforts to mitigate climate change. DOE anticipates making multiple awards under this FOA. The projects will be cost-shared, with the award recipients providing at least 20 percent of the
Industrial Capture & Storage Industrial Capture & Storage Technologies Industrial Capture & Storage The United States Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory (DOE/NETL, or DOE) is currently implementing a program titled "Carbon Capture and Sequestration from Industrial Sources and Innovative Concepts for Beneficial CO2 Use." This CO2 Capture and Sequestration (CCS) and CO2 use program is a cost-shared collaboration between the Government and industry whose purpose is to increase investment in clean industrial technologies and sequestration projects. In accordance with the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, and Section 703 of Public Law 110-140, DOE's two specific objectives are to demonstrate: (1) Large-Scale Industrial CCS projects from industrial sources, and (2) Innovative Concepts for beneficial CO2 use.
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Fusion Energy Sciences Research
strategic plans. Large �Scale �Computing �and �Storage �Requirements �for �Fusion �Energy �Sciences � DOE �
Gerber, Richard
From Carbon towards Hydrogen in the Steel Industry : Fundamental ...
Cellulose Acetate Membranes for CO2 Separation from Water-gas-shift Reaction ... Thermodynamic Phase Stability in Gasification Carbon Feedstock Slags�...
We constrain a primordial magnetic field (PMF) generated during a phase transition (PT) using the big bang nucleosynthesis bound on the relativistic energy density. The amplitude of the PMF at large scales is determined by the shape of the PMF spectrum outside its maximal correlation length scale. Even if the amplitude of the PMF at 1 Mpc is small, PT-generated PMFs can leave observable signatures in the potentially detectable relic gravitational wave background if a large enough fraction (1%-10%) of the thermal energy is converted into the PMF.
Kahniashvili, Tina [McWilliams Center for Cosmology and Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213 (United States); Tevzadze, Alexander G. [Abastumani Astrophysical Observatory, Ilia State University, 2A Kazbegi Ave., Tbilisi 0160 (Georgia); Ratra, Bharat, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Physics, Kansas State University, 116 Cardwell Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 (United States)
Solar cycle variations of large scale flows in the Sun
Using data from the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) instrument on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), we study the large-scale velocity fields in the outer part of the solar convection zone using the ring diagram technique. We use observations from four different times to study possible temporal variations in flow velocity. We find definite changes in both the zonal and meridional components of the flows. The amplitude of the zonal flow appears to increase with solar activity and the flow pattern also shifts towards lower latitude with time.
Sarbani Basu; H. M. Antia
Large Scale Deployment of Renewables for Electricity Generation
-cellulose material. Anaerobic digestion or gasification of biomass produces gas that can be used in similar applications to natural gas. Small-scale biogas production is now a well-established technology and large-scale application is in the advanced stages... of development. The possibility of using biogas in fuel cells exists, but there are a number of technical difficulties that remain to be overcome in this area. Source: www.britishbiogen.co.uk and WEA (2000). 5 All figures refer to electricity.Where necessary...
Neuhoff, Karsten
Solving Large-scale Eigenvalue Problems in SciDACApplications
Large-scale eigenvalue problems arise in a number of DOE applications. This paper provides an overview of the recent development of eigenvalue computation in the context of two SciDAC applications. We emphasize the importance of Krylov subspace methods, and point out its limitations. We discuss the value of alternative approaches that are more amenable to the use of preconditioners, and report the progression using the multi-level algebraic sub-structuring techniques to speed up eigenvalue calculation. In addition to methods for linear eigenvalue problems, we also examine new approaches to solving two types of non-linear eigenvalue problems arising from SciDAC applications.
Yang, Chao
Large scale obscuration and related climate effects open literature bibliography
Large scale obscuration and related climate effects of nuclear detonations first became a matter of concern in connection with the so-called ``Nuclear Winter Controversy`` in the early 1980`s. Since then, the world has changed. Nevertheless, concern remains about the atmospheric effects of nuclear detonations, but the source of concern has shifted. Now it focuses less on global, and more on regional effects and their resulting impacts on the performance of electro-optical and other defense-related systems. This bibliography reflects the modified interest.
Russell, N.A.; Geitgey, J.; Behl, Y.K.; Zak, B.D.
Large-scale sodium spray fire code validation (SOFICOV) test
A large-scale, sodium, spray fire code validation test was performed in the HEDL 850-m/sup 3/ Containment System Test Facility (CSTF) as part of the Sodium Spray Fire Code Validation (SOFICOV) program. Six hundred fifty eight kilograms of sodium spray was sprayed in an air atmosphere for a period of 2400 s. The sodium spray droplet sizes and spray pattern distribution were estimated. The containment atmosphere temperature and pressure response, containment wall temperature response and sodium reaction rate with oxygen were measured. These results are compared to post-test predictions using SPRAY and NACOM computer codes.
Jeppson, D.W.; Muhlestein, L.D.
Environmental Consequences of Large-Scale Deployment of New Energy Systems
This project's scientific goal was to achieve better understanding of where land cover change may mitigate climate change, accounting for both direct climate effects as well as the impacts on the global carbon cycle. As tools for investigating this problem, several models of different complexities were used: an offline land model, a standard coupled climate model, and a model in which coupled carbon-climate interactions were explicitly represented. Results from all model simulations were qualitatively similar: climate mitigation projects involving large-scale re-growth of forests are predicted to be beneficial in mitigating future CO{sub 2}-induced global warming if these are carried out in the tropical latitudes, to be largely ineffectual if conducted in temperate latitudes, and to be counterproductive if implemented at high latitudes. Details of the quantitative differences in these predictions which are exhibited by the chosen climate models also are discussed.
Phillips, T J
Hydrogen can be produced from water splitting with relatively high efficiency using high-temperature electrolysis. This technology makes use of solid-oxide cells, running in the electrolysis mode to produce hydrogen from steam, while consuming electricity and high-temperature process heat. When coupled to an advanced high temperature nuclear reactor, the overall thermal-to-hydrogen efficiency for high-temperature electrolysis can be as high as 50%, which is about double the overall efficiency of conventional low-temperature electrolysis. Current large-scale hydrogen production is based almost exclusively on steam reforming of methane, a method that consumes a precious fossil fuel while emitting carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. Demand for hydrogen is increasing rapidly for refining of increasingly low-grade petroleum resources, such as the Athabasca oil sands and for ammonia-based fertilizer production. Large quantities of hydrogen are also required for carbon-efficient conversion of biomass to liquid fuels. With supplemental nuclear hydrogen, almost all of the carbon in the biomass can be converted to liquid fuels in a nearly carbon-neutral fashion. Ultimately, hydrogen may be employed as a direct transportation fuel in a �hydrogen economy.� The large quantity of hydrogen that would be required for this concept should be produced without consuming fossil fuels or emitting greenhouse gases. An overview of the high-temperature electrolysis technology will be presented, including basic theory, modeling, and experimental activities. Modeling activities include both computational fluid dynamics and large-scale systems analysis. We have also demonstrated high-temperature electrolysis in our laboratory at the 15 kW scale, achieving a hydrogen production rate in excess of 5500 L/hr.
James E. O'Brien
Strategies for Low Carbon Growth In India: Industry and Non Residential
Strategies for Low Carbon Growth In India: Industry and Non Residential Strategies for Low Carbon Growth In India: Industry and Non Residential Sectors Title Strategies for Low Carbon Growth In India: Industry and Non Residential Sectors Publication Type Report Refereed Designation Unknown LBNL Report Number LBNL-4557E Year of Publication 2011 Authors Sathaye, Jayant A., Stephane Rue de la du Can, Maithili Iyer, Michael A. McNeil, Klaas Jan Kramer, Joyashree Roy, Moumita Roy, and Shreya Roy Chowdhury Date Published 5/2011 Publisher LBNL Keywords Buildings Energy Efficiency, CO2 Accounting Methodology, CO2 mitigation, Demand Side Management, energy efficiency, greenhouse gas (ghg), india, industrial energy efficiency, industrial sector, Low Carbon Growth, Low Growth, Non Residential Abstract This report analyzed the potential for increasing energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) in the non-residential building and the industrial sectors in India. The first two sections describe the research and analyses supporting the establishment of baseline energy consumption using a bottom up approach for the non residential sector and for the industry sector respectively. The third section covers the explanation of a modeling framework where GHG emissions are projected according to a baseline scenario and alternative scenarios that account for the implementation of cleaner technology.
SIC Code Industry Group Total Net Electricity Natural Gas Petro-leum Coal Other (MMTC/ Quadrillion Btu) Total: 371.7: 131.1: 93.5: 87.3: 56.8: 3.1: ...
Cosmological Simulations for Large-Scale Sky Surveys | Argonne Leadership
Instantaneous velocity magnitude in a flow through an open valve in a valve/piston assembly. Instantaneous velocity magnitude in a flow through an open valve in a valve/piston assembly. Instantaneous velocity magnitude in a flow through an open valve in a valve/piston assembly. Christos Altantzis, MIT, and Martin Schmitt, LAV. All the images were generated from their work at LAV. Cosmological Simulations for Large-Scale Sky Surveys PI Name: Christos Frouzakis PI Email: email@example.com Institution: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich Allocation Program: INCITE Allocation Hours at ALCF: 100 Million Year: 2014 Research Domain: Chemistry The combustion of coal and petroleum-based fuels supply most of the energy needed to meet the world's transportation and power generation demands. To address the anticipated petroleum shortage, along with increasing energy
Lightweight computational steering of very large scale molecular dynamics simulations
We present a computational steering approach for controlling, analyzing, and visualizing very large scale molecular dynamics simulations involving tens to hundreds of millions of atoms. Our approach relies on extensible scripting languages and an easy to use tool for building extensions and modules. The system is extremely easy to modify, works with existing C code, is memory efficient, and can be used from inexpensive workstations and networks. We demonstrate how we have used this system to manipulate data from production MD simulations involving as many as 104 million atoms running on the CM-5 and Cray T3D. We also show how this approach can be used to build systems that integrate common scripting languages (including Tcl/Tk, Perl, and Python), simulation code, user extensions, and commercial data analysis packages.
Beazley, D.M. [Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States). Dept. of Computer Science; Lomdahl, P.S. [Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States)
Hydrogen-combustion analyses of large-scale tests
This report uses results of the large-scale tests with turbulence performed by the Electric Power Research Institute at the Nevada Test Site to evaluate hydrogen burn-analysis procedures based on lumped-parameter codes like COMPARE-H2 and associated burn-parameter models. The test results: (1) confirmed, in a general way, the procedures for application to pulsed burning, (2) increased significantly our understanding of the burn phenomenon by demonstrating that continuous burning can occur, and (3) indicated that steam can terminate continuous burning. Future actions recommended include: (1) modification of the code to perform continuous-burn analyses, which is demonstrated, (2) analyses to determine the type of burning (pulsed or continuous) that will exist in nuclear containments and the stable location if the burning is continuous, and (3) changes to the models for estimating burn parameters.
Gido, R.G.; Koestel, A.
Planning under uncertainty solving large-scale stochastic linear programs
For many practical problems, solutions obtained from deterministic models are unsatisfactory because they fail to hedge against certain contingencies that may occur in the future. Stochastic models address this shortcoming, but up to recently seemed to be intractable due to their size. Recent advances both in solution algorithms and in computer technology now allow us to solve important and general classes of practical stochastic problems. We show how large-scale stochastic linear programs can be efficiently solved by combining classical decomposition and Monte Carlo (importance) sampling techniques. We discuss the methodology for solving two-stage stochastic linear programs with recourse, present numerical results of large problems with numerous stochastic parameters, show how to efficiently implement the methodology on a parallel multi-computer and derive the theory for solving a general class of multi-stage problems with dependency of the stochastic parameters within a stage and between different stages.
Infanger, G. (Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Operations Research Technische Univ., Vienna (Austria). Inst. fuer Energiewirtschaft)
Grid infrastructure to support science portals for large scale instruments.
Soon, a new generation of scientific workbenches will be developed as a collaborative effort among various research institutions in the US. These scientific workbenches will be accessed in the Web via portals. Reusable components are needed to build such portals for different scientific disciplines, allowing uniform desktop access to remote resources. Such components will include tools and services enabling easy collaboration, job submission, job monitoring, component discovery, and persistent object storage. Based on experience gained from Grand Challenge applications for large-scale instruments, we demonstrate how Grid infrastructure components can be used to support the implementation of science portals. The availability of these components will simplify the prototype implementation of a common portal architecture.
von Laszewski, G.; Foster, I.
Unified architecture for large-scale attested metering
We introduce a secure architecture called an attested meter for advanced metering that supports large-scale deployments, flexible configurations, and enhanced protection for consumer privacy and metering integrity. Our study starts with a threat analysis for advanced metering networks and formulates protection requirements for those threats. The attested meter satisfies these through a unified set of system interfaces based on virtual machines and attestation for the software agents of various parties that use the meter. We argue that this combination provides a well-adapted architecture for advanced metering and we take a step towards demonstrating its feasibility with a prototype implementation based on the Trusted Platform Module (TPM) and Xen Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM). This is the first effort use virtual machines and attestation in an advanced meter. 1.
Michael Lemay; George Gross; Carl A. Gunter; Sanjam Garg
Modeling The Large Scale Bias of Neutral Hydrogen
We present analytical estimates of the large scale bias of neutral Hydrogen (HI) based on the Halo Occupation Distribution formalism. We use a simple, non-parametric model which monotonically relates the total mass of a halo with its HI mass at zero redshift; for earlier times we assume limiting models for the HI density parameter evolution, consistent with the data presently available, as well as two main scenarios for the evolution of our HI mass - Halo mass relation. We find that both the linear and the first non-linear bias terms exhibit a remarkable evolution with redshift, regardless of the specific limiting model assumed for the HI evolution. These analytical predictions are then shown to be consistent with measurements performed on the Millennium Simulation. Additionally, we show that this strong bias evolution does not sensibly affect the measurement of the HI Power Spectrum.
Marin, Felipe; Seo, Hee-Jong; Vallinotto, Alberto
Nuclear-pumped lasers for large-scale applications
Efficient initiation of large-volume chemical lasers may be achieved by neutron induced reactions which produce charged particles in the final state. When a burst mode nuclear reactor is used as the neutron source, both a sufficiently intense neutron flux and a sufficiently short initiation pulse may be possible. Proof-of-principle experiments are planned to demonstrate lasing in a direct nuclear-pumped large-volume system; to study the effects of various neutron absorbing materials on laser performance; to study the effects of long initiation pulse lengths; to demonstrate the performance of large-scale optics and the beam quality that may be obtained; and to assess the performance of alternative designs of burst systems that increase the neutron output and burst repetition rate. 21 refs., 8 figs., 5 tabs.
Anderson, R.E.; Leonard, E.M.; Shea, R.F.; Berggren, R.R.
A New Scalable Directory Architecture for Large-Scale Multiprocessors
The memory overhead introduced by directories constitutes a major hurdle in the scalability of cc-NUMA architectures, which makes the shared-memory paradigm unfeasible for very large-scale systems. This work is focused on improving the scalability of shared-memory multiprocessors by significantly reducing the size of the directory. We propose multilayer clustering as an effective approach to reduce the directory-entry width. Detailed evaluation for 64 processors shows that using this approach we can drastically reduce the memory overhead, while suffering a performance degradation very similar to previous compressed schemes (such as Coarse Vector). In addition, a novel two-level directory architecture is proposed in order to eliminate the penalty caused by these compressed directories. This organization consists of a small Full-Map firstlevel directory (which provides precise information for the most recently referenced lines) and a compressed secondlevel directory (which provides in-ex...
Manuel E. Acacio; Jos� Gonz�lez; Jos� M. Garc�a; Jos� Duato
Atypical Behavior Identification in Large Scale Network Traffic
Cyber analysts are faced with the daunting challenge of identifying exploits and threats within potentially billions of daily records of network traffic. Enterprise-wide cyber traffic involves hundreds of millions of distinct IP addresses and results in data sets ranging from terabytes to petabytes of raw data. Creating behavioral models and identifying trends based on those models requires data intensive architectures and techniques that can scale as data volume increases. Analysts need scalable visualization methods that foster interactive exploration of data and enable identification of behavioral anomalies. Developers must carefully consider application design, storage, processing, and display to provide usability and interactivity with large-scale data. We present an application that highlights atypical behavior in enterprise network flow records. This is accomplished by utilizing data intensive architectures to store the data, aggregation techniques to optimize data access, statistical techniques to characterize behavior, and a visual analytic environment to render the behavioral trends, highlight atypical activity, and allow for exploration.
Best, Daniel M.; Hafen, Ryan P.; Olsen, Bryan K.; Pike, William A.
Large-Scale Analyses of Glycosylation in Cellulases
Article Article Large-Scale Analyses of Glycosylation in Cellulases Fengfeng Zhou 1,2 , Victor Olman 1,2 , and Ying Xu 1,2 * 1 Computational Systems Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology / Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-7229, USA; 2 BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-8050, USA. *Corresponding author. E-mail: email@example.com DOI: 10.1016/S1672-0229(08)60049-2 Cellulases are important glycosyl hydrolases (GHs) that hydrolyze cellulose poly- mers into smaller oligosaccharides by breaking the cellulose β (1→4) bonds, and they are widely used to produce cellulosic ethanol from the plant biomass. N-linked and O-linked glycosylations were proposed to impact the catalytic ef f iciency, cel- lulose binding af f inity and the stability of cellulases based on observations
Training a Large Scale Classifier with the Quantum Adiabatic Algorithm
In a previous publication we proposed discrete global optimization as a method to train a strong binary classifier constructed as a thresholded sum over weak classifiers. Our motivation was to cast the training of a classifier into a format amenable to solution by the quantum adiabatic algorithm. Applying adiabatic quantum computing (AQC) promises to yield solutions that are superior to those which can be achieved with classical heuristic solvers. Interestingly we found that by using heuristic solvers to obtain approximate solutions we could already gain an advantage over the standard method AdaBoost. In this communication we generalize the baseline method to large scale classifier training. By large scale we mean that either the cardinality of the dictionary of candidate weak classifiers or the number of weak learners used in the strong classifier exceed the number of variables that can be handled effectively in a single global optimization. For such situations we propose an iterative and piecewise approach in which a subset of weak classifiers is selected in each iteration via global optimization. The strong classifier is then constructed by concatenating the subsets of weak classifiers. We show in numerical studies that the generalized method again successfully competes with AdaBoost. We also provide theoretical arguments as to why the proposed optimization method, which does not only minimize the empirical loss but also adds L0-norm regularization, is superior to versions of boosting that only minimize the empirical loss. By conducting a Quantum Monte Carlo simulation we gather evidence that the quantum adiabatic algorithm is able to handle a generic training problem efficiently.
Hartmut Neven; Vasil S. Denchev; Geordie Rose; William G. Macready
OAK B202 LARGE-SCALE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN BY NUCLEAR ENERGY FOR THE HYDROGEN ECONOMY. The ''Hydrogen Economy'' will reduce petroleum imports and greenhouse gas emissions. However, current commercial hydrogen production processes use fossil fuels and releases carbon dioxide. Hydrogen produced from nuclear energy could avoid these concerns. The authors have recently completed a three-year project for the US Department of Energy whose objective was to ''define an economically feasible concept for production of hydrogen, by nuclear means, using an advanced high-temperature nuclear reactor as the energy source''. Thermochemical water-splitting, a chemical process that accomplishes the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen, met this objective. The goal of the first phase of this study was to evaluate thermochemical processes which offer the potential for efficient, cost-effective, large-scale production of hydrogen and to select one for further detailed consideration. The authors selected the Sulfur-Iodine cycle, In the second phase, they reviewed all the basic reactor types for suitability to provide the high temperature heat needed by the selected thermochemical water splitting cycle and chose the helium gas-cooled reactor. In the third phase they designed the chemical flowsheet for the thermochemical process and estimated the efficiency and cost of the process and the projected cost of producing hydrogen. These results are summarized in this paper.
NETL: News Release - FutureGen Industrial Alliance Announces Carbon Storage
6, 2010 6, 2010 FutureGen Industrial Alliance Announces Carbon Storage Site Selection Process for FutureGen 2.0 Washington, D.C. - The FutureGen Industrial Alliance today announced details of a process that will lead to the selection of an Illinois site for the storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) collected at FutureGen 2.0, a landmark project that will advance the deployment of carbon capture and storage technology at an Ameren Energy Resources power plant in Meredosia, Illinois. Last month the Department of Energy signed two agreements, one with the FutureGen Industrial Alliance and one with Ameren Energy Resources that committed $1 billion in Recovery Act funding to design, build and operate FutureGen 2.0. MORE INFO FutureGen 2.0 Siting Guidance FutureGen 2.0 Fact Sheet
The Distinction between Large-Scale and Mesoscale Contribution to Severe Convection: A Case Study Example
Using a case study of a relatively modest severe weather event as an example, a framework for understanding the large-scale-mesoscale interaction is developed and discussed. Large-scale processes are limited, by definition, to those which are ...
Charles A. Doswell III
Clean Energy Solutions Large Scale CHP and Fuel Cells Program
The New Jersey Economic Development Authority (EDA) is offering grants for the installation of combined heat and power (CHP) or fuel cell systems to commercial, industrial, and institutional...
This report describes research conducted between July 1, 2003 and September 30, 2003 on the use of dry regenerable sorbents for concentration of carbon dioxide from flue gas. Based on 5-cycle fixed bed tests of grade 3 sodium bicarbonate, calcination in carbon dioxide at 160 C does not affect the activity or capacity of the sorbent in subsequent carbonation cycles. Increasing the calcination temperature to 200 C does have an adverse impact on sorbent performance. RTI produced a supported sorbent with a nominal composition of 40% sodium carbonate. While this material has good attrition resistance, the activity, as determined by thermogravimetry, fixed bed testing and analysis of physical properties is insufficient for use as a carbon dioxide sorbent.
Peter Brewer; James Barry
Large-Scale Spray Releases: Additional Aerosol Test Results
One of the events postulated in the hazard analysis for the Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) and other U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) nuclear facilities is a breach in process piping that produces aerosols with droplet sizes in the respirable range. The current approach for predicting the size and concentration of aerosols produced in a spray leak event involves extrapolating from correlations reported in the literature. These correlations are based on results obtained from small engineered spray nozzles using pure liquids that behave as a Newtonian fluid. The narrow ranges of physical properties on which the correlations are based do not cover the wide range of slurries and viscous materials that will be processed in the WTP and in processing facilities across the DOE complex. To expand the data set upon which the WTP accident and safety analyses were based, an aerosol spray leak testing program was conducted by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL�s test program addressed two key technical areas to improve the WTP methodology (Larson and Allen 2010). The first technical area was to quantify the role of slurry particles in small breaches where slurry particles may plug the hole and prevent high-pressure sprays. The results from an effort to address this first technical area can be found in Mahoney et al. (2012a). The second technical area was to determine aerosol droplet size distribution and total droplet volume from prototypic breaches and fluids, including sprays from larger breaches and sprays of slurries for which literature data are mostly absent. To address the second technical area, the testing program collected aerosol generation data at two scales, commonly referred to as small-scale and large-scale testing. The small-scale testing and resultant data are described in Mahoney et al. (2012b), and the large-scale testing and resultant data are presented in Schonewill et al. (2012). In tests at both scales, simulants were used to mimic the relevant physical properties projected for actual WTP process streams.
Daniel, Richard C.; Gauglitz, Phillip A.; Burns, Carolyn A.; Fountain, Matthew S.; Shimskey, Rick W.; Billing, Justin M.; Bontha, Jagannadha R.; Kurath, Dean E.; Jenks, Jeromy WJ; MacFarlan, Paul J.; Mahoney, Lenna A.
Evaluate error sources and uncertainty in large scale measurement systems
Modern manufacturing technologies place increasingly higher demands on industrial measurement systems. Over the last decade there have been rapid developments in 3D measurement systems, with the primary requirement coming from industries such as automotives, ... Keywords: Best fit methods, Laser scanner, Measurement errors, Uncertainty
Qing Wang; Nick Zissler; Roger Holden
Nanosystems and Structures Group Large-Scale Implementation of Nanostructured
to the coating surface. Sponsor: DOE, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Industrial Technologies) Powders for Breakthrough Energy Savings Researchers at the Department of Energy's (DOE's) Oak Ridge. These substrates include metals, glass, plastics, wood, and fiberglass and other composites. DOE's Industrial
An option for the coal industry in dealing with the carbon dioxide global greenhouse effect
A new technical option for the coal industry in dealing with the carbon dioxide greenhouse effect has been devised. We have developed a very efficient process called HYDROCARB/sup SM/, which effectively splits coal into carbon and hydrogen. The process has been described in detail. We are suggesting that coal refineries be built based on this technology. The original thrust of this process is to produce a clean, pure carbon fuel from coal for application in both mobile and stationary heat engines. A co-product of the process is a hydrogen-rich gas. If one is concerned about the greenhouse effect, then either all or part of the carbon can be withheld and only the hydrogen is used as fuel. If one desires to attain the ultimate, and eliminate all CO/sub 2/ emissions from coal, then all of the carbon can be stored and only the hydrogen used. The option is still open for utilizing the clean carbon, which would be placed in monitored retrievable storage, not unlike the strategic petroleum reserve (SPR). This concept can be valuable to the coal industry in response to the arguments of the anti-coal critics. In this regard, we believe this process is unique; no other process can make this claim. We are convinced that the HYDROCARB Process would be of substantial benefit, economically as well as environmentally, let alone psychologically, to the coal and fossil fuel industry. 12 refs.
Steinberg, M.
Sequestering carbon dioxide in industrial polymers: Building materials for the 21st century
This study was undertaken to determine the possibility of developing beneficial uses for carbon dioxide as a key component for a large-volume building product. Such a use may provide an alternative to storing the gas in oceanic sinks or clathrates as a way to slow the rate of global warming. The authors investigated the concept that carbon dioxide might be used with other chemicals to make carbon-dioxide-based polymers which would be lightweight, strong, and economical alternatives to some types of wood and silica-based building materials. As a construction-grade material, carbon dioxide would be fixed in a solid, useful form where it would not contribute to global warming. With the probable imposition of a fuel carbon tax in industrialized countries, this alternative would allow beneficial use of the carbon dioxide and could remove it from the tax basis if legislation were structured appropriately. Hence, there would be an economic driver towards the use of carbon-dioxide-based polymers which would enhance their future applications. Information was obtained through literature searches and personal contacts on carbon dioxide polymers which showed that the concept (1) is technically feasible, (2) is economically defensible, and (3) has an existing industrial infrastructure which could logically develop it. The technology exists for production of building materials which are strong enough for use by industry and which contain up to 90% by weight of carbon dioxide, both chemically and physically bound. A significant side-benefit of using this material would be that it is self-extinguishing in case of fire. This report is the first stage in the investigation. Further work being proposed will provide details on costs, specific applications and volumes, and potential impacts of this technology.
Molton, P.M.; Nelson, D.A.
Safety aspects of large-scale combustion of hydrogen
Recent hydrogen-safety investigations have studied the possible large-scale effects from phenomena such as the accumulation of combustible hydrogen-air mixtures in large, confined volumes. Of particular interest are safe methods for the disposal of the hydrogen and the pressures which can arise from its confined combustion. Consequently, tests of the confined combustion of hydrogen-air mixtures were conducted in a 2100 m/sup 3/ volume. These tests show that continuous combustion, as the hydrogen is generated, is a safe method for its disposal. It also has been seen that, for hydrogen concentrations up to 13 vol %, it is possible to predict maximum pressures that can occur upon ignition of premixed hydrogen-air atmospheres. In addition information has been obtained concerning the survivability of the equipment that is needed to recover from an accident involving hydrogen combustion. An accident that involved the inadvertent mixing of hydrogen and oxygen gases in a tube trailer gave evidence that under the proper conditions hydrogen combustion can transit to a detonation. If detonation occurs the pressures which can be experienced are much higher although short in duration.
Edeskuty, F.J.; Haugh, J.J.; Thompson, R.T.
Planning and implementing a large-scale polymer flood
The motive for the Eliasville polymerflood originated while planning a waterflood in this light oil, limestone reservoir. Adverse reservoir waterflood characteristics were identified prior to unitization and laboratory work was undertaken to demonstrate the benefits of reducing water mobility by increasing water vicosity with several different polyacrylamides. Computer simulations incorporating polymer properties from laboratory work and known Caddo waterflood performance were used to design the polymerflood. Three injection tests were conducted to determine polymer injectivity. Pressure transient tests were used to measure the in-situ polymer viscosity. One of the injection tests included an off-pattern producing well which permitted an estimation of polymer retention and incremental oil recovery in a short time. Based on the injection tests and simulation work a large scale polymer project was implemented. The optimum slug size required 30,000,000 lb of emulsion polymer. Facilities used to mix and feed this large amount of polymer are described. A low-shear polymer flow control method was developed to insure maximum fluid viscosity at the formation perforations. Product specifications were verified prior to accepting delivery and injection fluid quality was monitored in laboratories constructed for the project. Early production response to field wide polymer injection is comparable to that observed at the off-pattern producing well during the injection test. While the early field response is encouraging, the effects of salt water injection on slug integrity and increased pattern size on oil recovery are still to be determined.
Weiss, W.W.; Baldwin, R.W.
Parallel Index and Query for Large Scale Data Analysis
Modern scientific datasets present numerous data management and analysis challenges. State-of-the-art index and query technologies are critical for facilitating interactive exploration of large datasets, but numerous challenges remain in terms of designing a system for process- ing general scientific datasets. The system needs to be able to run on distributed multi-core platforms, efficiently utilize underlying I/O infrastructure, and scale to massive datasets. We present FastQuery, a novel software framework that address these challenges. FastQuery utilizes a state-of-the-art index and query technology (FastBit) and is designed to process mas- sive datasets on modern supercomputing platforms. We apply FastQuery to processing of a massive 50TB dataset generated by a large scale accelerator modeling code. We demonstrate the scalability of the tool to 11,520 cores. Motivated by the scientific need to search for inter- esting particles in this dataset, we use our framework to reduce search time from hours to tens of seconds.
Chou, Jerry; Wu, Kesheng; Ruebel, Oliver; Howison, Mark; Qiang, Ji; Prabhat,; Austin, Brian; Bethel, E. Wes; Ryne, Rob D.; Shoshani, Arie
Applications of large-scale computation to particle accelerators
The rapid growth in the power of large-scale computers has had a revolutionary effect on the study of charged-particle accelerators that is similar to the impact of smaller computers on everyday life. Before an accelerator is built, it is now the absolute rule to simulate every component and subsystem by computer to establish modes of operation and tolerances. We will bypass the important and fruitful areas of control and operation, and consider only application to design and diagnostic interpretation. Applications of computers can be divided into separate categories including: component design, system design, stability studies, cost optimization, and operating condition simulation. For the purposes of this report, we will choose a few examples from the above categories to illustrate the methods used, and discuss the significance of the work to the project. We also briefly discuss the accelerator project itself. The examples that will be discussed are: The design of accelerator structures for electron-positron linear colliders and circular colliding beam systems, simulation of the wake fields from multibunch electron beams for linear colliders. Particle-in-cell simulation of space-charge dominated beams for an experimental linear induction accelerator for Heavy Ion Fusion.
Herrmannsfeldt, W.B.
DOE Patents (OSTI)
A large-scale process for production and purification of Cm/sup 242/ is described. Aluminum slugs containing Am are irradiated and declad in a NaOH-- NaHO/sub 3/ solution at 85 to 100 deg C. The resulting slurry filtered and washed with NaOH, NH/sub 4/OH, and H/sub 2/O. Recovery of Cm from filtrate and washings is effected by an Fe(OH)/sub 3/ precipitation. The precipitates are then combined and dissolved ln HCl and refractory oxides centrifuged out. These oxides are then fused with Na/sub 2/CO/sub 3/ and dissolved in HCl. The solution is evaporated and LiCl solution added. The Cm, rare earths, and anionic impurities are adsorbed on a strong-base anfon exchange resin. Impurities are eluted with LiCl--HCl solution, rare earths and Cm are eluted by HCl. Other ion exchange steps further purify the Cm. The Cm is then precipitated as fluoride and used in this form or further purified and processed. (T.R.H.)
Higgins, G.H.; Crane, W.W.T.
The memory overhead introduced by directories constitutes a major hurdle in the scalability of cc-NUMA architectures, which makes the shared-memory paradigm unfeasible for very large-scale systems. This work is focused on improving the scalability of shared-memory multiprocessors by significantly reducing the size of the directory. We propose multilayer clustering as an effective approach to reduce the directory-entry width. Detailed evaluation for 64 processors shows that using this approach we can drastically reduce the memory overhead, while suffering a performance degradation very similar to previous compressed schemes (such as Coarse Vector). In addition, a novel two-level directory architecture is proposed in order to eliminate the penalty caused by these compressed directories. This organization consists of a small Full-Map firstlevel directory (which provides precise information for the most recently referenced lines) and a compressed secondlevel directory (which provides in-excess information). Results show that a system with this directory architecture can achieve the same performance as a multiprocessor with a big and non-scalable Full-Map directory, with a very significant reduction of the memory overhead.
Manuel Acacio Jos; Jos� Gonz�lez; Jos� M. Garc�a
On scale and magnitude of pressure build-up induced by large-scale geologic storage of CO2
The scale and magnitude of pressure perturbation and brine migration induced by geologic carbon sequestration is discussed assuming a full-scale deployment scenario in which enough CO{sub 2} is captured and stored to make relevant contributions to global climate change mitigation. In this scenario, the volumetric rates and cumulative volumes of CO{sub 2} injection would be comparable to or higher than those related to existing deep-subsurface injection and extraction activities, such as oil production. Large-scale pressure build-up in response to the injection may limit the dynamic storage capacity of suitable formations, because over-pressurization may fracture the caprock, may drive CO{sub 2}/brine leakage through localized pathways, and may cause induced seismicity. On the other hand, laterally extensive sedimentary basins may be less affected by such limitations because (i) local pressure effects are moderated by pressure propagation and brine displacement into regions far away from the CO{sub 2} storage domain; and (ii) diffuse and/or localized brine migration into overlying and underlying formations allows for pressure bleed-off in the vertical direction. A quick analytical estimate of the extent of pressure build-up induced by industrial-scale CO{sub 2} storage projects is presented. Also discussed are pressure perturbation and attenuation effects simulated for two representative sedimentary basins in the USA: the laterally extensive Illinois Basin and the partially compartmentalized southern San Joaquin Basin in California. These studies show that the limiting effect of pressure build-up on dynamic storage capacity is not as significant as suggested by Ehlig-Economides and Economides, who considered closed systems without any attenuation effects.
Zhou, Q.; Birkholzer, J. T.
Toward accurate and large-scale silicon photonics
Silicon photonics, emerging from the interface of silicon technology and photonic technology, is expected to inherit the incredible integration ability of silicon technology that has boomed the microelectronic industry for ...
Sun, Jie, Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Large-Scale Spray Releases: Initial Aerosol Test Results
One of the events postulated in the hazard analysis at the Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) and other U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) nuclear facilities is a breach in process piping that produces aerosols with droplet sizes in the respirable range. The current approach for predicting the size and concentration of aerosols produced in a spray leak involves extrapolating from correlations reported in the literature. These correlations are based on results obtained from small engineered spray nozzles using pure liquids with Newtonian fluid behavior. The narrow ranges of physical properties on which the correlations are based do not cover the wide range of slurries and viscous materials that will be processed in the WTP and across processing facilities in the DOE complex. Two key technical areas were identified where testing results were needed to improve the technical basis by reducing the uncertainty due to extrapolating existing literature results. The first technical need was to quantify the role of slurry particles in small breaches where the slurry particles may plug and result in substantially reduced, or even negligible, respirable fraction formed by high-pressure sprays. The second technical need was to determine the aerosol droplet size distribution and volume from prototypic breaches and fluids, specifically including sprays from larger breaches with slurries where data from the literature are scarce. To address these technical areas, small- and large-scale test stands were constructed and operated with simulants to determine aerosol release fractions and generation rates from a range of breach sizes and geometries. The properties of the simulants represented the range of properties expected in the WTP process streams and included water, sodium salt solutions, slurries containing boehmite or gibbsite, and a hazardous chemical simulant. The effect of anti-foam agents was assessed with most of the simulants. Orifices included round holes and rectangular slots. The round holes ranged in size from 0.2 to 4.46 mm. The slots ranged from (width � length) 0.3 � 5 to 2.74 � 76.2 mm. Most slots were oriented longitudinally along the pipe, but some were oriented circumferentially. In addition, a limited number of multi-hole test pieces were tested in an attempt to assess the impact of a more complex breach. Much of the testing was conducted at pressures of 200 and 380 psi, but some tests were conducted at 100 psi. Testing the largest postulated breaches was deemed impractical because of the large size of some of the WTP equipment. The purpose of this report is to present the experimental results and analyses for the aerosol measurements obtained in the large-scale test stand. The report includes a description of the simulants used and their properties, equipment and operations, data analysis methodology, and test results. The results of tests investigating the role of slurry particles in plugging of small breaches are reported in Mahoney et al. 2012a. The results of the aerosol measurements in the small-scale test stand are reported in Mahoney et al. (2012b).
Schonewill, Philip P.; Gauglitz, Phillip A.; Bontha, Jagannadha R.; Daniel, Richard C.; Kurath, Dean E.; Adkins, Harold E.; Billing, Justin M.; Burns, Carolyn A.; Davis, James M.; Enderlin, Carl W.; Fischer, Christopher M.; Jenks, Jeromy WJ; Lukins, Craig D.; MacFarlan, Paul J.; Shutthanandan, Janani I.; Smith, Dennese M.
from refrigeration equipment used in industrial processesfrom refrigeration equipment used in industrial processesfrom refrigeration equipment used in industrial processes
Bernstein, Lenny
Activated carbon: Utilization excluding industrial waste treatment. (Latest citations from the Compendex database). Published Search
The bibliography contains citations concerning the commercial use and theoretical studies of activated carbon. Topics include performance evaluations in water treatment processes, preparation and regeneration techniques, materials recovery, and pore structure studies. Adsorption characteristics for specific materials are discussed. Studies pertaining specifically to industrial waste treatment are excluded. (Contains 250 citations and includes a subject term index and title list.)
Not Available
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods have been used to estimate the flow patterns mainly driven by temperature gradients inside vapor space in a large-scaled Saltstone vault facility at Savannah River site (SRS). The purpose of this work is to examine the gas motions inside the vapor space under the current vault configurations by taking a three-dimensional transient momentum-energy coupled approach for the vapor space domain of the vault. The modeling calculations were based on prototypic vault geometry and expected normal operating conditions as defined by Waste Solidification Engineering. The modeling analysis was focused on the air flow patterns near the ventilated corner zones of the vapor space inside the Saltstone vault. The turbulence behavior and natural convection mechanism used in the present model were benchmarked against the literature information and theoretical results. The verified model was applied to the Saltstone vault geometry for the transient assessment of the air flow patterns inside the vapor space of the vault region using the potential operating conditions. The baseline model considered two cases for the estimations of the flow patterns within the vapor space. One is the reference nominal case. The other is for the negative temperature gradient between the roof inner and top grout surface temperatures intended for the potential bounding condition. The flow patterns of the vapor space calculated by the CFD model demonstrate that the ambient air comes into the vapor space of the vault through the lower-end ventilation hole, and it gets heated up by the Benard-cell type circulation before leaving the vault via the higher-end ventilation hole. The calculated results are consistent with the literature information. Detailed results and the cases considered in the calculations will be discussed here.
Lee, S
Bayesian Uncertainty Quantification for Large Scale Spatial Inverse Problems
We considered a Bayesian approach to nonlinear inverse problems in which the unknown quantity is a high dimension spatial field. The Bayesian approach contains a natural mechanism for regularization in the form of prior information, can incorporate information from heterogeneous sources and provides a quantitative assessment of uncertainty in the inverse solution. The Bayesian setting casts the inverse solution as a posterior probability distribution over the model parameters. Karhunen-Lo'eve expansion and Discrete Cosine transform were used for dimension reduction of the random spatial field. Furthermore, we used a hierarchical Bayes model to inject multiscale data in the modeling framework. In this Bayesian framework, we have shown that this inverse problem is well-posed by proving that the posterior measure is Lipschitz continuous with respect to the data in total variation norm. The need for multiple evaluations of the forward model on a high dimension spatial field (e.g. in the context of MCMC) together with the high dimensionality of the posterior, results in many computation challenges. We developed two-stage reversible jump MCMC method which has the ability to screen the bad proposals in the first inexpensive stage. Channelized spatial fields were represented by facies boundaries and variogram-based spatial fields within each facies. Using level-set based approach, the shape of the channel boundaries was updated with dynamic data using a Bayesian hierarchical model where the number of points representing the channel boundaries is assumed to be unknown. Statistical emulators on a large scale spatial field were introduced to avoid the expensive likelihood calculation, which contains the forward simulator, at each iteration of the MCMC step. To build the emulator, the original spatial field was represented by a low dimensional parameterization using Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), then the Bayesian approach to multivariate adaptive regression spline (BMARS) was used to emulate the simulator. Various numerical results were presented by analyzing simulated as well as real data.
Mondal, Anirban
IThe National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) is the primary computing center for the DOE Office of Science, serving approximately 4,000 users and hosting some 550 projects that involve nearly 700 codes for a wide variety of scientific disciplines. In addition to large-scale computing resources NERSC provides critical staff support and expertise to help scientists make the most efficient use of these resources to advance the scientific mission of the Office of Science. In May 2011, NERSC, DOE�s Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) and DOE�s Office of Nuclear Physics (NP) held a workshop to characterize HPC requirements for NP research over the next three to five years. The effort is part of NERSC�s continuing involvement in anticipating future user needs and deploying necessary resources to meet these demands. The workshop revealed several key requirements, in addition to achieving its goal of characterizing NP computing. The key requirements include: 1. Larger allocations of computational resources at NERSC; 2. Visualization and analytics support; and 3. Support at NERSC for the unique needs of experimental nuclear physicists. This report expands upon these key points and adds others. The results are based upon representative samples, called �case studies,� of the needs of science teams within NP. The case studies were prepared by NP workshop participants and contain a summary of science goals, methods of solution, current and future computing requirements, and special software and support needs. Participants were also asked to describe their strategy for computing in the highly parallel, �multi-core� environment that is expected to dominate HPC architectures over the next few years. The report also includes a section with NERSC responses to the workshop findings. NERSC has many initiatives already underway that address key workshop findings and all of the action items are aligned with NERSC strategic plans.
Gerber, Richard A.; Wasserman, Harvey J.
Large-Scale Data Challenges in Future Power Grids
This paper describes technical challenges in supporting large-scale real-time data analysis for future power grid systems and discusses various design options to address these challenges. Even though the existing U.S. power grid has served the nation remarkably well over the last 120 years, big changes are in the horizon. The widespread deployment of renewable generation, smart grid controls, energy storage, plug-in hybrids, and new conducting materials will require fundamental changes in the operational concepts and principal components. The whole system becomes highly dynamic and needs constant adjustments based on real time data. Even though millions of sensors such as phase measurement units (PMUs) and smart meters are being widely deployed, a data layer that can support this amount of data in real time is needed. Unlike the data fabric in cloud services, the data layer for smart grids must address some unique challenges. This layer must be scalable to support millions of sensors and a large number of diverse applications and still provide real time guarantees. Moreover, the system needs to be highly reliable and highly secure because the power grid is a critical piece of infrastructure. No existing systems can satisfy all the requirements at the same time. We examine various design options. In particular, we explore the special characteristics of power grid data to meet both scalability and quality of service requirements. Our initial prototype can improve performance by orders of magnitude over existing general-purpose systems. The prototype was demonstrated with several use cases from PNNL�s FPGI and was shown to be able to integrate huge amount of data from a large number of sensors and a diverse set of applications.
Yin, Jian; Sharma, Poorva; Gorton, Ian; Akyol, Bora A.
Storing Industry's Carbon Dioxide in Real Time | U.S. DOE Office of Science
Office of Science (SC) Website
Storing Industry's Storing Industry's Carbon Dioxide in Real Time Laboratory Policy and Evaluation (LPE) LPE Home Staff M&O Contracts SC Laboratory Appraisal Process Laboratory Planning Process Work for Others in the Office of Science Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) DOE's Philosophy on LDRD Frequently Asked Questions Success Stories Brochures Additional Information LDRD Program Contacts Technology Transfer DOE National Laboratories Contact Information Laboratory Policy and Evaluation U.S. Department of Energy SC-32/Forrestal Building 1000 Independence Ave., SW Washington, DC 20585 P: (202) 586-5447 F: (202) 586-3119 Success Stories Storing Industry's Carbon Dioxide in Real Time Print Text Size: A A A RSS Feeds FeedbackShare Page PNNL researchers are developing new instruments that provide a first live
Recent History of Large-Scale Ecosystem Disturbances in North
Satellite Record Christopher Potter,1 * Pang-Ning Tan,2 Vipin Kumar,2 Chris Kucharik,3 Steven Klooster,4 Ecosystem structure and function are strongly im- pacted by major disturbance events (Pickett and White 1985 (Pickett and White 1985; Tilman 1985). Ecosystem disturbances can contribute to the current rise of carbon
Wisconsin at Madison, University of
The National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) is the leading scientific computing facility for the Department of Energy's Office of Science, providing high-performance computing (HPC) resources to more than 3,000 researchers working on about 400 projects. NERSC provides large-scale computing resources and, crucially, the support and expertise needed for scientists to make effective use of them. In November 2009, NERSC, DOE's Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR), and DOE's Office of High Energy Physics (HEP) held a workshop to characterize the HPC resources needed at NERSC to support HEP research through the next three to five years. The effort is part of NERSC's legacy of anticipating users needs and deploying resources to meet those demands. The workshop revealed several key points, in addition to achieving its goal of collecting and characterizing computing requirements. The chief findings: (1) Science teams need access to a significant increase in computational resources to meet their research goals; (2) Research teams need to be able to read, write, transfer, store online, archive, analyze, and share huge volumes of data; (3) Science teams need guidance and support to implement their codes on future architectures; and (4) Projects need predictable, rapid turnaround of their computational jobs to meet mission-critical time constraints. This report expands upon these key points and includes others. It also presents a number of case studies as representative of the research conducted within HEP. Workshop participants were asked to codify their requirements in this case study format, summarizing their science goals, methods of solution, current and three-to-five year computing requirements, and software and support needs. Participants were also asked to describe their strategy for computing in the highly parallel, multi-core environment that is expected to dominate HPC architectures over the next few years. The report includes a section that describes efforts already underway or planned at NERSC that address requirements collected at the workshop. NERSC has many initiatives in progress that address key workshop findings and are aligned with NERSC's strategic plans.
Gerber, Richard A.; Wasserman, Harvey
Identifying web strategies for large-scale firms
The World Wide Web has become increasingly important in helping businesses stay competitive. Hence, in the current business environment, it is essential for large firms in established industries to take advantage of the Web and all it has to offer in ... Keywords: integration, internet, organizational goals, strategy, web
Tuncay Bayrak
Quarterly Report for LANL Activities: FY12-Q2 National Risk Assessment Partnership (NRAP): Industrial Carbon Capture Program
This report summarizes progress of LANL activities related to the tasks performed under the LANL FWP FE102-002-FY10, National Risk Assessment Partnership (NRAP): Industrial Carbon Capture Program. This FWP is funded through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA). Overall, the NRAP activities are focused on understanding and evaluating risks associated with large-scale injection and long-term storage of CO{sub 2} in deep geological formations. One of the primary risks during large-scale injection is due to changes in geomechanical stresses to the storage reservoir, to the caprock/seals and to the wellbores. These changes may have the potential to cause CO{sub 2} and brine leakage and geochemical impacts to the groundwater systems. While the importance of these stresses is well recognized, there have been relatively few quantitative studies (laboratory, field or theoretical) of geomechanical processes in sequestration systems. In addition, there are no integrated studies that allow evaluation of risks to groundwater quality in the context of CO{sub 2} injection-induced stresses. The work performed under this project is focused on better understanding these effects. LANL approach will develop laboratory and computational tools to understand the impact of CO{sub 2}-induced mechanical stress by creating a geomechanical test bed using inputs from laboratory experiments, field data, and conceptual approaches. The Geomechanical Test Bed will be used for conducting sensitivity and scenario analyses of the impacts of CO{sub 2} injection. The specific types of questions will relate to fault stimulation and fracture inducing stress on caprock, changes in wellbore leakage due to evolution of stress in the reservoir and caprock, and the potential for induced seismicity. In addition, the Geomechanical Test Bed will be used to investigate the coupling of stress-induced leakage pathways with impacts on groundwater quality. LANL activities are performed under two tasks: (1) develop laboratory and computational tools to understand CO{sub 2}-induced mechanical impacts and (2) use natural analog sites to determine potential groundwater impacts. We are using the Springerville-St. John Dome as a field site for collecting field data on CO{sub 2} migration through faults and groundwater impacts as well as developing and validating computational models. During the FY12 second quarter we have been working with New England Research Company to construct a tri-axial core-holder. We have built fluid control system for the coreflood system that can be ported to perform in-situ imaging of core. We have performed numerical simulations for groundwater impacts of CO{sub 2} and brine leakage using the reservoir model for Springerville-St John's Dome site. We have analyzed groundwater samples collected from Springerville site for major ion chemistry and isotopic composition. We are currently analyzing subsurface core and chip samples acquired for mineralogical composition.
Pawar, Rajesh J. [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Survey and analysis of selected jointly owned large-scale electric utility storage projects
The objective of this study was to examine and document the issues surrounding the curtailment in commercialization of large-scale electric storage projects. It was sensed that if these issues could be uncovered, then efforts might be directed toward clearing away these barriers and allowing these technologies to penetrate the market to their maximum potential. Joint-ownership of these projects was seen as a possible solution to overcoming the major barriers, particularly economic barriers, of commercializaton. Therefore, discussions with partners involved in four pumped storage projects took place to identify the difficulties and advantages of joint-ownership agreements. The four plants surveyed included Yards Creek (Public Service Electric and Gas and Jersey Central Power and Light); Seneca (Pennsylvania Electric and Cleveland Electric Illuminating Company); Ludington (Consumers Power and Detroit Edison, and Bath County (Virginia Electric Power Company and Allegheny Power System, Inc.). Also investigated were several pumped storage projects which were never completed. These included Blue Ridge (American Electric Power); Cornwall (Consolidated Edison); Davis (Allegheny Power System, Inc.) and Kttatiny Mountain (General Public Utilities). Institutional, regulatory, technical, environmental, economic, and special issues at each project were investgated, and the conclusions relative to each issue are presented. The major barriers preventing the growth of energy storage are the high cost of these systems in times of extremely high cost of capital, diminishing load growth and regulatory influences which will not allow the building of large-scale storage systems due to environmental objections or other reasons. However, the future for energy storage looks viable despite difficult economic times for the utility industry. Joint-ownership can ease some of the economic hardships for utilites which demonstrate a need for energy storage.
Large-Scale Pumping Test Recommendations for the 200-ZP-1 Operable Unit
CH2M Hill Plateau Remediation Company (CHPRC) is currently assessing aquifer characterization needs to optimize pump-and-treat remedial strategies (e.g., extraction well pumping rates, pumping schedule/design) in the 200-ZP-1 operable unit (OU), and in particular for the immediate area of the 241 TX-TY Tank Farm. Specifically, CHPRC is focusing on hydrologic characterization opportunities that may be available for newly constructed and planned ZP-1 extraction wells. These new extraction wells will be used to further refine the 3-dimensional subsurface contaminant distribution within this area and will be used in concert with other existing pump-and-treat wells to remediate the existing carbon tetrachloride contaminant plume. Currently, 14 extraction wells are actively used in the Interim Record of Decision ZP-1 pump-and-treat system for the purpose of remediating the existing carbon tetrachloride contamination in groundwater within this general area. As many as 20 new extraction wells and 17 injection wells may be installed to support final pump-and-treat operations within the OU area. It should be noted that although the report specifically refers to the 200-ZP-1 OU, the large-scale test recommendations are also applicable to the adjacent 200-UP-1 OU area. This is because of the similar hydrogeologic conditions exhibited within these two adjoining OU locations.
Spane, Frank A.
Advanced Planning Method for Integrating Large-Scale Variable Generation
As the penetration and size of renewable generation resources increase, the industry must expand transmission infrastructure to accommodate increasing renewable resource output. Conventional transmission expansion planning requires sufficient transmission capacities to transfer the full name plate capacity of all power plants to load centers at the same time. However, renewable resources, such as wind and solar, have highly variable output and are spatially diversified. Thus, transmission expansion plann...
Large Scale Integrated Testing (LSIT) is being planned by Bechtel National, Inc. to address uncertainties in the full scale mixing performance of the Hanford Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP). Testing will use simulated waste rather than actual Hanford waste. Therefore, the use of suitable simulants is critical to achieving the goals of the test program. External review boards have raised questions regarding the overall representativeness of simulants used in previous mixing tests. Accordingly, WTP requested the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) to assist with development of simulants for use in LSIT. Among the first tasks assigned to SRNL was to develop a list of waste properties that matter to pulse-jet mixer (PJM) mixing of WTP tanks. This report satisfies Commitment 188.8.131.52 of the Department of Energy Implementation Plan for Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board Recommendation 2010-2: physical properties important to mixing and scaling. In support of waste simulant development, the following two objectives are the focus of this report: (1) Assess physical and chemical properties important to the testing and development of mixing scaling relationships; (2) Identify the governing properties and associated ranges for LSIT to achieve the Newtonian and non-Newtonian test objectives. This includes the properties to support testing of sampling and heel management systems. The test objectives for LSIT relate to transfer and pump out of solid particles, prototypic integrated operations, sparger operation, PJM controllability, vessel level/density measurement accuracy, sampling, heel management, PJM restart, design and safety margin, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Verification and Validation (V and V) and comparison, performance testing and scaling, and high temperature operation. The slurry properties that are most important to Performance Testing and Scaling depend on the test objective and rheological classification of the slurry (i.e., Newtonian or non-Newtonian). The most important properties for testing with Newtonian slurries are the Archimedes number distribution and the particle concentration. For some test objectives, the shear strength is important. In the testing to collect data for CFD V and V and CFD comparison, the liquid density and liquid viscosity are important. In the high temperature testing, the liquid density and liquid viscosity are important. The Archimedes number distribution combines effects of particle size distribution, solid-liquid density difference, and kinematic viscosity. The most important properties for testing with non-Newtonian slurries are the slurry yield stress, the slurry consistency, and the shear strength. The solid-liquid density difference and the particle size are also important. It is also important to match multiple properties within the same simulant to achieve behavior representative of the waste. Other properties such as particle shape, concentration, surface charge, and size distribution breadth, as well as slurry cohesiveness and adhesiveness, liquid pH and ionic strength also influence the simulant properties either directly or through other physical properties such as yield stress.
Koopman, D.; Martino, C.; Poirier, M.
EA-1846: Demonstration of Carbon Dioxide Capture and Sequestration of Steam
46: Demonstration of Carbon Dioxide Capture and Sequestration 46: Demonstration of Carbon Dioxide Capture and Sequestration of Steam Methane Reforming Process Gas Used for Large-Scale Hydrogen Production, Port Arthur, Texas EA-1846: Demonstration of Carbon Dioxide Capture and Sequestration of Steam Methane Reforming Process Gas Used for Large-Scale Hydrogen Production, Port Arthur, Texas Overview DOE completed a final environmental assessment (EA) for a project under Area I of the Industrial Carbon Capture and Sequestration from Industrial Sources and Innovative Concepts for Beneficial CO2 Use . Based on the analyses in the EA DOE determined that its proposed action - awarding a grant to Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. to design and demonstrate a state-of-the-art system to concentrate carbon dioxide (CO,) from two steam
Carbon Dioxide Sequestration Industrial-scale processes are available for separating carbon dioxide from the post-
-intensive and would lower the thermal efficiency of coal gasification power plants. Selective separation membrane from the post- combustion flue gas of a steam-electric power plant or from the synthesis gas fuel of a coal gasification power plant. The separated carbon dioxide can be compressed and transported
oxide emission reductions in industry in the EU. Europeanissues: Annual survey of industries. Central StatisticalDesiccated coconut industry of Sri- Lanka�s opportunities
Large-scale solar projects in the United States have made great...
the United States have made great progress in delivering competitively priced renewable electricity September 2013 The price at which electricity from large-scale solar power...
A Topological Framework for the Interactive Exploration of Large Scale Turbulent Combustion
comparison of terascale combustion simulation data. Mathe-premixed hydrogen ?ames. Combustion and Flame, [7] J. L.of Large Scale Turbulent Combustion Peer-Timo Bremer 1 ,
Bremer, Peer-Timo
A Tractable Approach to Understanding the Results from Large-Scale 3D Transient
) problems or NASA's HPCC (High Performance Computing & Communication) grand challenges, can easily. Introduction Large-scale simulations of physical phenomena on high performance computing systems (often on mas
Peraire, Jaime
NREL: News - NREL Offers an Open-Source Solution for Large-Scale...
Version News Release NR-3613 NREL Offers an Open-Source Solution for Large-Scale Energy Data Collection and Analysis June 18, 2013 The Energy Department's National...
System aspects of large scale implementation of a photovoltaic power plant.
?? In this thesis the static and dynamic behavior of large scale grid connected PV power plants are analyzed. A model of a 15 MW� (more)
Ruiz, �lvaro
ESS 2012 Peer Review - Nitrogen-Oxygen Battery for Large Scale...
2012 Frank Delnick, David Ingersoll, Karen Waldrip, Peter Feibelman NitrogenOxygen Battery A Transformational Architecture for Large Scale Energy Storage Power Sources...
NIChE Workshop on Materials for Large-Scale Energy ...
... Workshop on Materials for Large-Scale Energy Storage. Purpose: This workshop will delve into the end-use applications and market drivers for large ...
Technical R eport A practical method for solving large-scale TRS
R eport. University of Patras. Department of Mathematics. GR-265 04 Patras, Greece. http://www.math.upatras.gr/. A practical method for solving large-scale TRS.
Agent Based Modeling of large- scale socio-technical metal networks
17-02-10. Challenge the future. Delft. University of. Technology. Agent Based Modeling of large- scale socio-technical metal networks. Dr. Igor Nikolic, A.
INDUSTRIAL CARBON MANAGEMENT INITIATIVE (ICMI) NETL Team Technical Coordinator: Doug Straub
INDUSTRIAL CARBON MANAGEMENT INITIATIVE (ICMI) NETL Team Technical Coordinator: Doug Straub INDUSTRIAL CARBON MANAGEMENT INITIATIVE (ICMI) NETL Team Technical Coordinator: Doug Straub Name Project Role Affiliation University Project Title Lew is, James P PI WVU Haycock , Barry John Post Doc WVU Ranasingha, Oshadha Grad Student WVU Senty, Tess R Grad Student WVU Jordan, Kenneth D PI Pitt Thakur, Anshuman Grad Student Pitt Natesakhaw at, Sittichai PI Pitt Heterogeneous Catalysis of Photoactive Materials Kitchin, John PI CMU Curnan, Matthew Grad Student CMU Veser, Goetz PI Pitt Bhavsar, Saurabh Grad Student Pitt Greve, David W PI CMU Gao, Fan Post Doc CMU ARRA-Computational Support Sorbents and Catalysts of Photoactive Materials Computational Support Sorbents and Catalysts of Photoactive Materials ICMI Support for Oxygen Carrier Interaction Studies ICMI Support for Oxygen Carrier Interaction Studies
Webcast to Discuss Questions related to Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage (I
Webcast to Discuss Questions related to Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage (ICCS) Technology Webcast to Discuss Questions related to Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage (ICCS) Technology Area 1 Phase 2 Renewal Applications DOE/NETL has received several questions from ICCS recipients regarding preparation of "Phase 2 Renewal Applications". NETL has scheduled a Webcast for Thursday, February 25, 2010 at 1pm Eastern Time, to discuss and provide answers to many of these questions. Questions and answers will be posted on the NETL website. Additional questions may be submitted through your NETL Project manager throughout the Renewal Application process. NETL will respond to these in writing and post them on a web site for all Phase 1 Recipients to see. This web site is currently under construction, and a link will be provided in the future.
A Method to Determine Reserve Requirements for Large-Scale Renewable Integration: A Platform for Large-Scale Power Systems
The main industry issue addressed in this report is the increasing penetration of intermittent generation. The system adaptation for forecasting errors associated with these types of generation is to increase reserve requirements, and the adaptation for their ramping characteristics is to diversify the portfolio of complementary dispatch resources. For small quantities of intermittent generation, there is no noticeable system impact8212but at some point their forecasting errors and ramping begin to affec...
Program on Technology Innovation: Carbon Nanotube Technology for the Electric Power Industry
A couple decades ago, a new molecular form of carbon exhibiting extraordinary properties was discovered. This resulted in a frenzy of basic and applied research, and tremendous strides have been made. The technology that ensued is still relatively immature, but there is the prospect that the technology may be used in the future for a wide range of applications in the electric power industry. In fact, the three new materials discussed in this report (fullerenes, nanotubes, and graphene) have the potential...
Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships | Department of Energy
Science & Innovation » Carbon Capture and Storage » Regional Science & Innovation » Carbon Capture and Storage » Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships DOE's Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships Program DOE has created a network of seven Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships (RCSPs) to help develop the technology, infrastructure, and regulations to implement large-scale CO2 storage (also called carbon sequestration) in different regions and geologic formations within the Nation. Collectively, the seven RCSPs represent regions encompassing: 97 percent of coal-fired CO2 emissions; 97 percent of industrial CO2 emissions; 96 percent of the total land mass; and essentially all the geologic sequestration sites in the U.S. potentially available for carbon storage.
Biomass Energy for Transport and Electricity: Large scale utilization under low CO2 concentration scenarios
This paper examines the potential role of large scale, dedicated commercial biomass energy systems under global climate policies designed to stabilize atmospheric concentrations of CO2 at 400ppm and 450ppm. We use an integrated assessment model of energy and agriculture systems to show that, given a climate policy in which terrestrial carbon is appropriately valued equally with carbon emitted from the energy system, biomass energy has the potential to be a major component of achieving these low concentration targets. The costs of processing and transporting biomass energy at much larger scales than current experience are also incorporated into the modeling. From the scenario results, 120-160 EJ/year of biomass energy is produced by midcentury and 200-250 EJ/year by the end of this century. In the first half of the century, much of this biomass is from agricultural and forest residues, but after 2050 dedicated cellulosic biomass crops become the dominant source. A key finding of this paper is the role that carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technologies coupled with commercial biomass energy can play in meeting stringent emissions targets. Despite the higher technology costs of CCS, the resulting negative emissions used in combination with biomass are a very important tool in controlling the cost of meeting a target, offsetting the venting of CO2 from sectors of the energy system that may be more expensive to mitigate, such as oil use in transportation. The paper also discusses the role of cellulosic ethanol and Fischer-Tropsch biomass derived transportation fuels and shows that both technologies are important contributors to liquid fuels production, with unique costs and emissions characteristics. Through application of the GCAM integrated assessment model, it becomes clear that, given CCS availability, bioenergy will be used both in electricity and transportation.
Case studies of the potential effects of carbon taxation on the stone, clay, and glass industry
This case study focuses on the potential for a carbon tax ($25 and $100 per metric ton of carbon) to reduce energy use and associated carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) emissions in three subsectors of the stone, clay, and glass industry: hydraulic cement, glass and glass products, and other products. A conservation supply curve analysis found that (1) opportunities for reducing fossil fuel use in the subsectors are limited (15% reduction under $100 tax) and (2) the relationship between the tax and reduced CO{sub 2} emissions is nonlinear and diminishing. Because cement manufacturing produces a significant amount of CO{sub 2}, this subsector was analyzed. A plant-level analysis found more opportunities to mitigate CO{sub 2} emissions; under a $100 tax, fossil fuel use would decrease 52%. (A conservative estimate lies between 15% and 52%). It also confirmed the nonlinear relationship, suggesting significant benefits could result from small taxes (32% reduction under $25 tax). A fuel share analysis found the cement industry could reduce carbon loading 11% under a $100 tax if gas were substituted for coal. Under a $100 tax, cement demand would decrease 17% and its price would increase 32%, a substantial increase for a material commodity. Overall, CO{sub 2} emissions from cement manufacturing would decrease 24--33% under a $100 tax and 10--18% under a $25 tax. Much of the decrease would result from the reduced demand for cement.
Bock, M.J.; Boyd, G.A. [Argonne National Lab., IL (United States). Environmental Assessment and Information Sciences Div.; Rosenbaum, D.I. [Nebraska Univ., Lincoln, NE (United States). Dept. of Economics; Ross, M.H. [Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor, MI (United States). Dept. of Physics
This case study focuses on the potential for a carbon tax ($25 and $100 per metric ton of carbon) to reduce energy use and associated carbon dioxide (CO[sub 2]) emissions in three subsectors of the stone, clay, and glass industry: hydraulic cement, glass and glass products, and other products. A conservation supply curve analysis found that (1) opportunities for reducing fossil fuel use in the subsectors are limited (15% reduction under $100 tax) and (2) the relationship between the tax and reduced CO[sub 2] emissions is nonlinear and diminishing. Because cement manufacturing produces a significant amount of CO[sub 2], this subsector was analyzed. A plant-level analysis found more opportunities to mitigate CO[sub 2] emissions; under a $100 tax, fossil fuel use would decrease 52%. (A conservative estimate lies between 15% and 52%). It also confirmed the nonlinear relationship, suggesting significant benefits could result from small taxes (32% reduction under $25 tax). A fuel share analysis found the cement industry could reduce carbon loading 11% under a $100 tax if gas were substituted for coal. Under a $100 tax, cement demand would decrease 17% and its price would increase 32%, a substantial increase for a material commodity. Overall, CO[sub 2] emissions from cement manufacturing would decrease 24--33% under a $100 tax and 10--18% under a $25 tax. Much of the decrease would result from the reduced demand for cement.
Bock, M.J.; Boyd, G.A. (Argonne National Lab., IL (United States). Environmental Assessment and Information Sciences Div.); Rosenbaum, D.I. (Nebraska Univ., Lincoln, NE (United States). Dept. of Economics); Ross, M.H. (Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor, MI (United States). Dept. of Physics)
NETL: Industrial Capture & Storage Area 2
2 2 Technologies Industrial Capture & Storage Area 2 Innovative Concepts for Beneficial CO2 Use The United States Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory (DOE/NETL, or DOE) is currently implementing a program titled "Carbon Capture and Sequestration from Industrial Sources and Innovative Concepts for Beneficial CO2 Use." This CO2 Capture and Sequestration (CCS) and CO2 use program is a cost-shared collaboration between the Government and industry whose purpose is to increase investment in clean industrial technologies and sequestration projects. In accordance with the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, and Section 703 of Public Law 110-140, DOE's two specific objectives are to demonstrate: (1) Large-Scale Industrial CCS projects from industrial sources, and (2) Innovative Concepts for beneficial CO2 use.
Structural fatigue assessment and management of large-scale port logistics equipments
With the advances of port enterprises, much intensive research has been gradually involved in the structural fatigue assessment and management of port logistics equipments. However, relevant work on large-scale port logistics equipments is still ... Keywords: S-N curve, crack formation, crack propagation life, fatigue assessment, fracture mechanics, gantry cranes, large-scale port logistics equipment, structural safety assessment
Yuan Liu; Weijian Mi; Huiqiang Zheng
A time management optimization framework for large-scale distributed hardware-in-the-loop simulation
Large-scale distributed HIL(Hardware-In-The-Loop) simulation is an important and indispensable method for testing and verifying complex engineering systems. An important necessary condition for realizing HIL simulation is that the speedup ratio of full-speed ... Keywords: hardware-in-the-loop simulation, large-scale distributed simulation, optimization framework, speedup ratio of simulation, time management
Wei Dong
A Topological Framework for the Interactive Exploration of Large Scale Turbulent Combustion Peer a new topological framework for the analysis of large scale, time-varying, turbulent combustion consumption thresh- olds for an entire time-dependent combustion simulation. By computing augmented merge
Tierny, Julien
Large scale continuous visual event recognition using max-margin Hough transformation framework
In this paper we propose a novel method for continuous visual event recognition (CVER) on a large scale video dataset using max-margin Hough transformation framework. Due to high scalability, diverse real environmental state and wide scene variability ... Keywords: Continuous visual event, Event detection, Large scale, Max-margin Hough transform
Bhaskar Chakraborty, Jordi Gonz�lez, F. Xavier Roca
Online job provisioning for large scale science experiments over an optical grid infrastructure
Many emerging science experiments require that the massive data generated by big instruments be accessible and analyzed by a large number of geographically dispersed users. Such large scale science experiments are enabled by an Optical Grid infrastructure ... Keywords: WDM network, grid, job provisioning, large scale science experiment, resource co-scheduling
Xiang Yu; Chunming Qiao; Dantong Yu
A study of dynamic meta-learning for failure prediction in large-scale systems
Despite years of study on failure prediction, it remains an open problem, especially in large-scale systems composed of vast amount of components. In this paper, we present a dynamic meta-learning framework for failure prediction. It intends to not only ... Keywords: Blue Gene, Dynamic techniques, Failure prediction, Large-scale systems, Meta-learning
Zhiling Lan; Jiexing Gu; Ziming Zheng; Rajeev Thakur; Susan Coghlan
Introduction to a Large-Scale Biogas Plant in a Dairy Farm
This article describes a large-scale biogas plant in a dairy farm located in the Tongzhou District of Beijing. It is has a treatment capacity of 30t manure and 30t wastewater per day, a total of 60t/d with a residence time of 20 days. Input material ... Keywords: Large scale biogas plant, CHP, Biogas storage within digestor
Xiaolin Fan; Zifu Li; Tingting Wang; Fubin Yin; Xin Jin
The Roles of Mean Meridional Motions and Large-Scale Eddies in Zonally Averaged Circulations
A hierarchy of zonally averaged atmospheric models is used to study the role of mean meridional motions and large-scale eddies in determining the zonal climate. Five models are developed: a radiative-convective equilibrium model (no large-scale ...
Karl E. Taylor
Remote visualization of large scale data for ultra-high resolution display environments
ParaView is one of the most widely used scientific tools that support parallel visualization of large scale data. The Scalable Adaptive Graphics Environment (SAGE) is a graphics middleware that enables real-time streaming of ultra-high resolution visual ... Keywords: ParaView, SAGE, large-scale data, remote visualization, ultra-high resolution visualization
Sungwon Nam; Byungil Jeong; Luc Renambot; Andrew Johnson; Kelly Gaither; Jason Leigh
Level-of-detail rendering of large-scale irregular volume datasets using particles
This paper describes a level-of-detail rendering technique for large-scale irregular volume datasets. It is well known that the memory bandwidth consumed by visibility sorting becomes the limiting factor when carrying out volume rendering of such datasets. ... Keywords: large-scale irregular volume, level-of-detail, volume rendering of unstructured meshes
Takuma Kawamura; Naohisa Sakamoto; Koji Koyamada
Large-Scale Integration of Deferrable Demand and Renewable Energy Sources
1 Large-Scale Integration of Deferrable Demand and Renewable Energy Sources Anthony Papavasiliou model for assessing the impacts of the large-scale integration of renewable energy sources. In order to accurately assess the impacts of renewable energy integration and demand response integration
Oren, Shmuel S.
U.S. Energy Infrastructure Investment: Large-Scale Integrated Smart Grid
U.S. Energy Infrastructure Investment: Large-Scale Integrated Smart Grid Solutions with High: LargeScale Integrated Smart Grid Solutions with High Penetration of Renewable Resources, Dispersed- ing electricity grid. Much attention is being given to smart grid development in the U.S. and around
Hungary-Employment Impacts of a Large-Scale Deep Building Retrofit
Hungary-Employment Impacts of a Large-Scale Deep Building Retrofit Hungary-Employment Impacts of a Large-Scale Deep Building Retrofit Programme Jump to: navigation, search Name Hungary-Employment Impacts of a Large-Scale Deep Building Retrofit Programme Agency/Company /Organization European Climate Foundation Sector Energy Focus Area Energy Efficiency, Buildings, - Building Energy Efficiency Topics Co-benefits assessment, Background analysis Resource Type Publications Website http://3csep.ceu.hu/sites/defa Country Hungary UN Region Eastern Europe References Hungary-Employment Impacts of a Large-Scale Deep Building Retrofit Programme[1] Hungary-Employment Impacts of a Large-Scale Deep Building Retrofit Programme Screenshot "The goal of the present research was to gauge the net employment impacts of a largescale deep building energy-efficiency renovation programme in
Strategies to Finance Large-Scale Deployment of Renewable Energy Projects:
Strategies to Finance Large-Scale Deployment of Renewable Energy Projects: Strategies to Finance Large-Scale Deployment of Renewable Energy Projects: An Economic Development and Infrastructure Approach Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary LAUNCH TOOL Name: Strategies to Finance Large-Scale Deployment of Renewable Energy Projects: An Economic Development and Infrastructure Approach Agency/Company /Organization: International Energy Agency (IEA) Sector: Energy Focus Area: Renewable Energy Topics: Finance, Implementation, Policies/deployment programs Resource Type: Publications Website: iea-retd.org/archives/publications/finance-re Cost: Free Language: English Strategies to Finance Large-Scale Deployment of Renewable Energy Projects: An Economic Development and Infrastructure Approach Screenshot References: Strategies to Finance Large-Scale Deployment of Renewable Energy Projects: An Economic Development and Infrastructure Approach[1]
Large-scale Renewable Energy Projects (Larger than 10 MWs) | Department of
Large-scale Renewable Energy Projects (Larger than 10 MWs) Large-scale Renewable Energy Projects (Larger than 10 MWs) Large-scale Renewable Energy Projects (Larger than 10 MWs) October 7, 2013 - 9:32am Addthis Renewable energy projects larger than 10 megawatts (MW) are complex and typically require private-sector financing. The Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) developed a guide to help Federal agencies, and the developers and financiers that work with them, to successfully install these projects at Federal facilities. The Large-Scale Renewable Energy Guide: Developing Renewable Energy Projects Larger than 10 MWs at Federal Facilities: A Practical Guide to Getting Large-Scale Renewable Energy Projects Financed with Private Capital provides a framework to allow the Federal Government, private developers, and financiers to work in a
PowerGrid - A Computation Engine for Large-Scale Electric Networks
This Final Report discusses work on an approach for analog emulation of large scale power systems using Analog Behavioral Models (ABMs) and analog devices in PSpice design environment. ABMs are models based on sets of mathematical equations or transfer functions describing the behavior of a circuit element or an analog building block. The ABM concept provides an efficient strategy for feasibility analysis, quick insight of developing top-down design methodology of large systems and model verification prior to full structural design and implementation. Analog emulation in this report uses an electric circuit equivalent of mathematical equations and scaled relationships that describe the states and behavior of a real power system to create its solution trajectory. The speed of analog solutions is as quick as the responses of the circuit itself. Emulation therefore is the representation of desired physical characteristics of a real life object using an electric circuit equivalent. The circuit equivalent has within it, the model of a real system as well as the method of solution. This report presents a methodology of the core computation through development of ABMs for generators, transmission lines and loads. Results of ABMs used for the case of 3, 6, and 14 bus power systems are presented and compared with industrial grade numerical simulators for validation.
Chika Nwankpa
Thermal Performance Evaluation of Attic Radiant Barrier Systems Using the Large Scale Climate Simulator (LSCS)
Application of radiant barriers and low-emittance surface coatings in residential building attics can significantly reduce conditioning loads from heat flow through attic floors. The roofing industry has been developing and using various radiant barrier systems and low-emittance surface coatings to increase energy efficiency in buildings; however, minimal data are available that quantifies the effectiveness of these technologies. This study evaluates performance of various attic radiant barrier systems under simulated summer daytime conditions and nighttime or low solar gain daytime winter conditions using the large scale climate simulator (LSCS). The four attic configurations that were evaluated are 1) no radiant barrier (control), 2) perforated low-e foil laminated oriented strand board (OSB) deck, 3) low-e foil stapled on rafters, and 4) liquid applied low-emittance coating on roof deck and rafters. All test attics used nominal RUS 13 h-ft2- F/Btu (RSI 2.29 m2-K/W) fiberglass batt insulation on attic floor. Results indicate that the three systems with radiant barriers had heat flows through the attic floor during summer daytime condition that were 33%, 50%, and 19% lower than the control, respectively.
Shrestha, Som S [ORNL] [ORNL; Miller, William A [ORNL] [ORNL; Desjarlais, Andre Omer [ORNL] [ORNL
Development of a large scale flexible LED display matrix for the screen industry.
??This project addresses the viability of lightweight, low power consumption, flexible, large format LED screens. The investigation encompasses all aspects of the electrical and mechanical� (more)
Xavier, Dominic Michael
in the iron and steel industry: a global model. Energy, 30,report of the world steel industry 2005. International Irontrends in the iron and steel industry. Energy Policy, 30,
the paper, glass or ceramics industry) making it difficulttechnology in the ceramic manufacturing industry. industries: iron and steel, non-ferrous metals, chemicals (including fertilisers), petroleum refining, minerals (cement, lime, glass and ceramics) and
ARM - PI Product - Large Scale Ice Water Path and 3-D Ice Water Content
ProductsLarge Scale Ice Water Path and 3-D Ice Water ProductsLarge Scale Ice Water Path and 3-D Ice Water Content Comments? We would love to hear from you! Send us a note below or call us at 1-888-ARM-DATA. Send PI Product : Large Scale Ice Water Path and 3-D Ice Water Content Site(s) SGP TWP General Description Cloud ice water concentration is one of the most important, yet poorly observed, cloud properties. Developing physical parameterizations used in general circulation models through single-column modeling is one of the key foci of the ARM program. In addition to the vertical profiles of temperature, water vapor and condensed water at the model grids, large-scale horizontal advective tendencies of these variables are also required as forcing terms in the single-column models. Observed horizontal advection of condensed water has not been available because the
Comparing Large-Scale Hydrological Model Simulations to Observed Runoff Percentiles in Europe
Large-scale hydrological models describing the terrestrial water balance at continental and global scales are increasingly being used in earth system modeling and climate impact assessments. However, because of incomplete process understanding and ...
Lukas Gudmundsson; Lena M. Tallaksen; Kerstin Stahl; Douglas B. Clark; Egon Dumont; Stefan Hagemann; Nathalie Bertrand; Dieter Gerten; Jens Heinke; Naota Hanasaki; Frank Voss; Sujan Koirala
On-demand computation of policy based routes for large-scale network simulation
Routing table storage demands pose a significant obstacle for large-scale network simulation. On-demand computation of routes can alleviate those problems for models that do not require representation of routing dynamics. However, policy based routes, ...
Michael Liljenstam; David M. Nicol
Impact of Large Scale Energy Efficiency Programs On Consumer Tariffs and Utility Finances in India
and are added to the utility�s rate base. Large-scale EE2009a, 2009b, 2009c). utility�s rate base, and the utilityto the grid at a higher rate if the utility does not face
Abhyankar, Nikit
Sensitivity of Tropical Convection to Sea Surface Temperature in the Absence of Large-Scale Flow
The response of convection to changing sea surface temperature (SST) in the absence of large-scale flow is examined, using a three-dimensional cloud resolving model. The model includes a five-category bulk microphysical scheme representing snow, ...
Adrian M. Tompkins; George C. Craig
Interannual Variability of Tropical Cyclones in the Australian Region: Role of Large-Scale Environment
This study investigates the role of large-scale environmental factors, notably sea surface temperature (SST), low-level relative vorticity, and deep-tropospheric vertical wind shear, in the interannual variability of November�April tropical ...
Hamish A. Ramsay; Lance M. Leslie; Peter J. Lamb; Michael B. Richman; Mark Leplastrier
A steady-state L-mode tokamak fusion reactor : large scale and minimum scale.
??We perform extensive analysis on the physics of L-mode tokamak fusion reactors to identify (1) a favorable parameter space for a large scale steady-state reactor� (more)
Reed, Mark W. (Mark Wilbert)
Large-Scale Vertical and Horizontal Circulation in the North Atlantic Ocean
Observations of large-scale hydrography, air�sea forcing, and regional circulation from numerous studies are combined by inverse methods to determine the basin-scale circulation, average diapycnal mixing, and adjustments to air�sea forcing of the ...
Rick Lumpkin; Kevin Speer
National large-scale Urban True Orthophoto Mapping and its standard initiative
This document would highlight the current project activities, published or unpublished research contributions, success and challenges from March 2005 through December 2005 and plane for the coming years on the project, entitled "National Large-Scale ...
Guoqing Zhou; Wenhan Xie; Susan Benjamin; Robin G. Fegeas; John Simmers; Hap Cluff; Y. Lei; Jeanne Foust
A Parallel Euler Approach for Large-Scale Biological Sequence Assembly
Biological sequence assembly is an essential step for sequencing the genomes of organisms. Sequence assembly is very computing intensive especially for the large-scale sequence assembly. Parallel computing is an effective way to reduce the computing ...
Large Scale Soft X-ray Loops And Their Magnetic Chirality In Both Hemispheres
The magnetic chirality in solar atmosphere has been studied based on the soft X-ray and magnetic field observations. It is found that some of large-scale twisted soft X-ray loop systems occur for several months in the solar atmosphere, before the disappearance of the corresponding background large-scale magnetic field. It provides the observational evidence of the helicity of the large-scale magnetic field in the solar atmosphere and the reverse one relative to the helicity rule in both hemispheres with solar cycles. The transfer of the magnetic helicity from the subatmosphere is consistent with the formation of large-scale twisted soft X-ray loops in the both solar hemispheres.
Zhang, Hongqi; Gao, Yu; Su, Jiangtao; Sokoloff, D D; Kuzanyan, K
Estimating Large-Scale Precipitation Minus Evapotranspiration from GRACE Satellite Gravity Measurements
Currently, observations of key components of the earth's large-scale water and energy budgets are sparse or even nonexistent. One key component, precipitation minus evapotranspiration (P ? ET), remains largely unmeasured due to the absence of ...
Sean Swenson; John Wahr
Observed Large-Scale Structures and Diabatic Heating and Drying Profiles during TWP-ICE
This study documents the characteristics of the large-scale structures and diabatic heating and drying profiles observed during the Tropical Warm Pool�International Cloud Experiment (TWP-ICE), which was conducted in January�February 2006 in ...
Shaocheng Xie; Timothy Hume; Christian Jakob; Stephen A. Klein; Renata B. McCoy; Minghua Zhang
Horizontal Structure and Seasonality of Large-Scale Circulations Associated with Submonthly Tropical Convection
The relationship between deep tropical convection and large-scale atmospheric circulation in the 6�30-day period range is examined. Regression relationships between filtered outgoing longwave radiation at various locations in the Tropics and 200- ...
George N. Kiladis; Klaus M. Weickmann
Conjugate-Gradient Methods for Large-Scale Minimization in Meteorology
During the last few years new meteorological variational analysis methods have evolved, requiring large-scale minimization of a nonlinear objective function described in terms of discrete variables. The conjugate-gradient method was found to ...
I. M. Navon; David M. Legler
How Well Do Large-Scale Models Reproduce Regional Hydrological Extremes in Europe?
This paper presents a new methodology for assessing the ability of gridded hydrological models to reproduce large-scale hydrological high and low flow events (as a proxy for hydrological extremes) as described by catalogues of historical droughts [...
Christel Prudhomme; Simon Parry; Jamie Hannaford; Douglas B. Clark; Stefan Hagemann; Frank Voss
Built-in data-flow integration testing in large-scale component-based systems
Modern large-scale component-based applications and service ecosystems are built following a number of different component models and architectural styles, such as the data-flow architectural style. In this style, each building block receives data from ...
�ric Piel; Alberto Gonzalez-Sanchez; Hans-Gerhard Gross
Model-constrained optimization methods for reduction of parameterized large-scale systems
Most model reduction techniques employ a projection framework that utilizes a reduced-space basis. The basis is usually formed as the span of a set of solutions of the large-scale system, which are computed for selected ...
Bui-Thanh, Tan
On the Ocean�s Large-Scale Circulation near the Limit of No Vertical Mixing
By convention, the ocean�s large-scale circulation is assumed to be a thermohaline overturning driven by the addition and extraction of buoyancy at the surface and vertical mixing in the interior. Previous work suggests that the overturning ...
J. R. Toggweiler; B. Samuels
Some Correlations between the Large-Scale Meridional Eddy Momentum Transport and Zonal Mean Quantities
An empirical study has been made which compares the large-scale meridional eddy momentum transport with some selected zonal mean quantities by calculating correlations between them as a function of time lag and latitude. The basic dataset was the ...
Anne Leach
Influence of Forced Large-Scale Atmospheric Patterns on Surface Air Temperature in China
The seasonality of the influence of the tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST)-forced large-scale atmospheric patterns on the surface air temperature (SAT) over China is investigated for the period from 1969 to 2001. Both observations and ...
Xiaojing Jia; Hai Lin
Explosive Cyclogenesis and Large-Scale Circulation Changes: Implications for Atmospheric Blocking
Large-scale circulation changes attending explosive surface cyclogenesis are quantitatively examined in two cases selected from recent winter seasons. Both cases feature a rapidly deepening surface cyclone over the western Atlantic Ocean, but ...
Stephen J. Colucci
Tropical Cyclone Track Characteristics as a Function of Large-Scale Circulation Anomalies
Factors that contribute to intraseasonal variability in western North Pacific tropical cyclone track types are investigated. It is hypothesized that the 700-mb large-scale circulation can affect tropical cyclone track characteristics by enhancing ...
Patrick A. Harr; Russell L. Elsberry
Agent Based Dynamic Service Synthesis in Large-Scale Open Environments: Experiences from the Agentcities Testbed
The notion of autonomous agents populating large-scale open environments, such as the public Internet, that are able to dynamically discover one another, interact and synthesise new software applications or results has become one of the key technology ...
Steven Willmott; Simon Thompson; David Bonnefoy; Patricia Charlton; Ion Constantinescu; Jonathan Dale; Tianning Zhang
In-situ sampling of a large-scale particle simulation for interactive visualization and analysis
We describe a simulation-time random sampling of a large-scale particle simulation, the RoadRunner Universe MC3 cosmological simulation, for interactive post-analysis and visualization. Simulation data generation rates will continue to be ...
J. Woodring; J. Ahrens; J. Figg; J. Wendelberger; S. Habib; K. Heitmann
No.2 LARGE SCALE PERMEABILITY TEST OF THE GRANITE' IN THEMINE AND, THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY TEST Lars Lundstrom and HakanSUMMARY REPORT Background TEST SITE Layout of test places
Lundstrom, L.
Anisotropic mesoscopic traffic simulation approach to support large-scale traffic and logistic modeling and analysis
Large-scale traffic and transportation logistics analysis requires a realistic depiction of network traffic condition in a dynamic manner. In the past decades, vehicular traffic simulation approaches have been increasingly developed and applied to describe ...
Ye Tian; Yi-Chang Chiu
The Dynamics of Large-Scale Cyclogenesis over the North Pacific Ocean
Earlier studies of persistent large-scale flow anomalies have been extended, with the aim of identifying the primary mechanisms for persistent anomaly development. In this study the focus is on wintertime cases of persistent cyclonic flow ...
Robert X. Black; Randall M. Dole
Tropical Instability Wave Variability in the Pacific and Its Relation to Large-Scale Currents
Shipboard acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP)-derived zonal currents from 170� to 110�W are assembled into composite seasonal and ENSO cycles to produce detailed representations of large-scale ocean flow regimes that favor tropical ...
Eric S. Johnson; Jeffrey A. Proehl
On the Completeness of Multi-Variate Optimum Interpolation for Large-Scale Meteorological Analysis
The Baer-Tribbia nonlinear modal initialization method implies that large-scale meteorological analyses should focus on analysis of slow mode fields. An idealized multi-variate optimum interpolation analysis is shown to produce grid point results ...
Norman A. Phillips
A Hybrid Kalman Filter Algorithm for Large-Scale Atmospheric Chemistry Data Assimilation
In the past, a number of algorithms have been introduced to solve data assimilation problems for large-scale applications. Here, several Kalman filters, coupled to the European Operational Smog (EUROS) atmospheric chemistry transport model, are ...
R. G. Hanea; G. J. M. Velders; A. J. Segers; M. Verlaan; A. W. Heemink
Energy Transmission by Barotropic Rossby Waves across Large-Scale Topography
An analytical study investigates the energy transmission by free, barotropic, linear Rossby waves across a large scale bottom topography when topographic and beta-effects have the same order of magnitude. In open ocean regions which are not ...
Bernard Barnier
as sources of low-cost baseload power. 4.6.3 Large�Scale�EE�b is the variable cost of baseload power purchases, and L isbut simply avoids baseload power purchases. Utilities that
Summertime Precipitation Variability over South America: Role of the Large-Scale Circulation
The observed large-scale circulation mechanisms associated with summertime precipitation variability over South America are investigated. Particular attention is paid to the Altiplano where a close relationship has been observed between rainfall ...
J. D. Lenters; K. H. Cook
Sensitivity Study of Regional Climate Model Simulations to Large-Scale Nudging Parameters
Previous studies with nested regional climate models (RCMs) have shown that large-scale spectral nudging (SN) seems to be a powerful method to correct RCMs� weaknesses such as internal variability, intermittent divergence in phase space (IDPS), ...
Adelina Alexandru; Ramon de Elia; Ren� Laprise; Leo Separovic; S�bastien Biner
Large-Scale Environmental Parameters Associated with Tropical Cyclone Formations in the Western North Pacific
The local environmental conditions associated with 405 tropical cyclone (TC) formations in the western North Pacific during 1990�2001 are examined in this study. Six large-scale parameters are obtained and computed from the NCEP reanalyses with ...
Kevin K. W. Cheung
Large-Scale Atmospheric Forcing by Southeast Pacific Boundary Layer Clouds: A Regional Model Study
A regional model is used to study the radiative effect of boundary layer clouds over the southeast Pacific on large-scale atmosphere circulation during August�October 1999. With the standard settings, the model simulates reasonably well the large-...
Yuqing Wang; Shang-Ping Xie; Bin Wang; Haiming Xu
Aerosols in Amazonia: Natural biogenic particles and large scale biomass burning impacts
The Large Scale Biosphere Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia (LBA) is a long term (20 years) research effort aimed at the understanding of the functioning of the Amazonian ecosystem. In particular
On the Identification of the Large-Scale Properties of Tropical Convection using Cloud Regimes
The use of cloud regimes in identifying tropical convection and the associated large-scale atmospheric properties is investigated. The regimes are derived by applying cluster analysis to satellite retrievals of daytime-averaged frequency ...
Jackson Tan; Christian Jakob; Todd P. Lane
The Nonlinear Response of the Atmosphere to Large-Scale Mechanical and Thermal Forcing
The subject of large-scale mountain waves is reviewed briefly. Existing mountain wave theory based on a linear system is shown to give an inadequate description of the balance of angular momentum. The response of the atmosphere to mechanical ...
Guo-Xiong Wu
Potential Climatic Impacts and Reliability of Very Large-Scale Wind Farms
Meeting future world energy needs while addressing climate change requires large-scale deployment of low or zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emission technologies such as wind energy. The widespread availability of wind power has ...
Wang, Chien
A case study in meta-simulation design and performance analysis for large-scale networks
Simulation and emulation techniques are fundamental to aid the process of large-scale protocol design and network operations. However, the results from these techniques are often view with a great deal of skepticism from the networking community. Criticisms ...
David Bauer; Garrett Yaun; Christopher D. Carothers; Murat Yuksel; Shivkumar Kalyanaraman
Large-Scale Heat and Moisture Budgets over the ASTEX Region
Rawinsonde data collected from the Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment (ASTEX) were used to investigate the mean and temporal characteristics of large-scale heat and moisture budgets for a 2-week period in June 1992. During this period a ...
Paul E. Ciesielski; Wayne H. Schubert; Richard H. Johnson
Dependence of Large-Scale Precipitation Climatologies on Temporal and Spatial Sampling
Large-scale observed precipitation climatologies are needed for a variety of purposes in the fields of climate and environmental modeling. Although new satellite-derived precipitation estimates offer the prospect of near-global climatologies ...
Mike Hulme; Mark New
Aerosol-Induced Large-Scale Variability in Precipitation over the Tropical Atlantic
Multiyear satellite observations are used to document a relationship between the large-scale variability in precipitation over the tropical Atlantic and aerosol traced to African sources. During boreal winter and spring there is a significant ...
Jingfeng Huang; Chidong Zhang; Joseph M. Prospero
An Idealized Prototype for Large-Scale Land�Atmosphere Coupling
A process-based, semianalytic prototype model for understanding large-scale land�atmosphere coupling is developed here. The metric for quantifying the coupling is the sensitivity of precipitation P to soil moisture W, . For a range of prototype ...
Benjamin R. Lintner; Pierre Gentine; Kirsten L. Findell; Fabio D�Andrea; Adam H. Sobel; Guido D. Salvucci
Large-Scale Vertical Eddy Diffusion in the Main Pycnocline of the Central North Pacific
Indirect procedures are used to estimate the latitudinal distribution of the large-scale vertical eddy diffusivity coefficient in the main pycnocline from the interannual change in T?, ?? structure of the water column in the central midlatitude ...
Warren White; Robert Bernstein
DOE's Office of Science Seeks Proposals for Expanded Large-Scale Scientific
Seeks Proposals for Expanded Large-Scale Seeks Proposals for Expanded Large-Scale Scientific Computing DOE's Office of Science Seeks Proposals for Expanded Large-Scale Scientific Computing May 16, 2005 - 12:47pm Addthis WASHINGTON, D.C. -- Secretary of Energy Samuel W. Bodman announced today that DOE's Office of Science is seeking proposals to support innovative, large-scale computational science projects to enable high-impact advances through the use of advanced computers not commonly available in academia or the private sector. Projects currently funded are helping to reduce engine pollution and to improve our understanding of the stars and solar systems and human genetics. Successful proposers will be given the use of substantial computer time and data storage at the department's scientific
DOE's Office of Science Seeks Proposals for Expanded Large-Scale DOE's Office of Science Seeks Proposals for Expanded Large-Scale Scientific Computing DOE's Office of Science Seeks Proposals for Expanded Large-Scale Scientific Computing May 16, 2005 - 12:47pm Addthis WASHINGTON, D.C. -- Secretary of Energy Samuel W. Bodman announced today that DOE's Office of Science is seeking proposals to support innovative, large-scale computational science projects to enable high-impact advances through the use of advanced computers not commonly available in academia or the private sector. Projects currently funded are helping to reduce engine pollution and to improve our understanding of the stars and solar systems and human genetics. Successful proposers will be given the use of substantial computer time and data storage at the department's scientific
Large-Scale Residential Energy Efficiency Programs Based on CFLs | Open
Large-Scale Residential Energy Efficiency Programs Based on CFLs Large-Scale Residential Energy Efficiency Programs Based on CFLs Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary Name: Large-Scale Residential Energy Efficiency Programs Based on CFLs Agency/Company /Organization: Energy Sector Management Assistance Program of the World Bank Sector: Energy Focus Area: Energy Efficiency, Buildings Topics: Implementation, Policies/deployment programs Website: www.esmap.org/filez/pubs/216201021421_CFL_Toolkit_Web_Version_021610_R References: Large-Scale Residential Energy Efficiency Programs Based on CFLs[1] Overview "The World Bank Group and its Energy Sector Management Assitance Progamme (ESMAP) have produced a toolkit for efficient lighting programmes, based on compact fluorescent lamps, that compiles and shares operational (design,
The role of large-scale, extratropical dynamics in climate change
The climate modeling community has focused recently on improving our understanding of certain processes, such as cloud feedbacks and ocean circulation, that are deemed critical to climate-change prediction. Although attention to such processes is warranted, emphasis on these areas has diminished a general appreciation of the role played by the large-scale dynamics of the extratropical atmosphere. Lack of interest in extratropical dynamics may reflect the assumption that these dynamical processes are a non-problem as far as climate modeling is concerned, since general circulation models (GCMs) calculate motions on this scale from first principles. Nevertheless, serious shortcomings in our ability to understand and simulate large-scale dynamics exist. Partly due to a paucity of standard GCM diagnostic calculations of large-scale motions and their transports of heat, momentum, potential vorticity, and moisture, a comprehensive understanding of the role of large-scale dynamics in GCM climate simulations has not been developed. Uncertainties remain in our understanding and simulation of large-scale extratropical dynamics and their interaction with other climatic processes, such as cloud feedbacks, large-scale ocean circulation, moist convection, air-sea interaction and land-surface processes. To address some of these issues, the 17th Stanstead Seminar was convened at Bishop`s University in Lennoxville, Quebec. The purpose of the Seminar was to promote discussion of the role of large-scale extratropical dynamics in global climate change. Abstracts of the talks are included in this volume. On the basis of these talks, several key issues emerged concerning large-scale extratropical dynamics and their climatic role. Individual records are indexed separately for the database.
Shepherd, T.G. [ed.
Structuring of Large-scale Complex Hybrid Systems: from Illustrative Analysis toward Modelization
System structuring is paramount to the development of large-scale complex hybrid systems (LCHS). However, there is no well-established and effective methodology for the structuring of LCHS. Using the approach of illustrating and abstracting, this paper ... Keywords: autonomous system, block-diagram-based model, distributed system, hierarchical system, large-scale complex hybrid system (LCHS), multiple gradation, nested system, nesting, perception�decision link, system geometry, system modelization, system structuring
Huaglory Tianfield
LogGOPSim: simulating large-scale applications in the LogGOPS model
We introduce LogGOPSim---a fast simulation framework for parallel algorithms at large-scale. LogGOPSim utilizes a slightly extended version of the well-known LogGPS model in combination with full MPI message matching semantics and detailed simulation ... Keywords: LogGOPS model, LogGP, LogGPS, LogP, collective operations, large-scale performance, message passing interface, simulation
Torsten Hoefler; Timo Schneider; Andrew Lumsdaine
Design of large-scale agricultural wireless sensor networks: email from the vineyard
We describe the design and implementation of a large-scale Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for agriculture monitoring. As a part of validation we have deployed a prototype of 64 sensors to monitor a commercial vineyard. The system provides ... Keywords: WSN testbed, agricultural WSNs, agriculture monitoring, commercial vineyards, data collection, data storage, geographical coverage, large-scale WSNs, spatial resolution, vineyeard monitoring, wireless networks, wireless sensor networks
Christine Jardak; Krisakorn Rerkrai; Aleksandar Kovacevic; Janne Riihijarvi; Petri Mahonen
An Industrial-Based Consortium to Develop Premium Carbon Products from Coal Final Report - Part 4
Since 1998, The Pennsylvania State University successfully managed the Consortium for Premium Carbon Products from Coal (CPCPC), which was a vehicle for industry-driven research on the promotion, development, and transfer of innovative technologies on premium carbon products from coal to the U.S. industry. The CPCPC was an initiative led by Penn State, its cocharter member West Virginia University (WVU), and the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), who also provided the base funding for the program, with Penn State responsible for consortium management. CPCPC began in 1998 under DOE Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC26-98FT40350. This agreement ended November 2004 but the CPCPC activity continued under cooperative agreement No. DE-FC26-03NT41874, which started October 1, 2003 and ended December 31, 2010. The objective of the second agreement was to continue the successful operation of the CPCPC. The CPCPC enjoyed tremendous success with its organizational structure, which included Penn State and WVU as charter members, numerous industrial affiliate members, and strategic university affiliate members together with NETL, forming a vibrant and creative team for innovative research in the area of transforming coal to carbon products. The key aspect of CPCPC was its industry-led council that selected proposals submitted by CPCPC members to ensure CPCPC target areas had strong industrial support. CPCPC had 58 member companies and universities engaged over the 7-year period of this contract. Members were from 17 states and five countries outside of the U.S. During this period, the CPCPC Executive Council selected 46 projects for funding. DOE/CPCPC provided $3.9 million in funding or an average of $564,000 per year. The total project costs were $5.45 million with $1.5 million, or {approx}28% of the total, provided by the members as cost share. Total average project size was $118,000 with $85,900 provided by DOE/CPCPC. In addition to the research, technology transfer/outreach was a large component of CPCPC's activities. Efficient technology transfer was critical for the deployment of new technologies into the field. CPCPC organized and hosted technology transfer meetings, tours, and tutorials, attended outreach conferences and workshops to represent CPCPC and attract new members, prepared and distributed reports and publications, and developed and maintained a Web site. The second contract ended December 31, 2010, and it is apparent that CPCPC positively impacted the carbon industry and coal research. Statistics and information were compiled to provide a comprehensive account of the impact the consortium had and the beneficial outcomes of many of the individual projects. Project fact sheet, success stories, and other project information were prepared. Two topical reports, a Synthesis report and a Web report, were prepared detailing this information.
Miller, Bruce; Shea, Winton
An Industrial-Based Consortium to Develop Premium Carbon Products from Coal Final Report - Part 2
Since 1998, The Pennsylvania State University successfully managed the Consortium for Premium Carbon Products from Coal (CPCPC), which was a vehicle for industry-driven research on the promotion, development, and transfer of innovative technologies on premium carbon products from coal to the U.S. industry. The CPCPC was an initiative led by Penn State, its cocharter member West Virginia University (WVU), and the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), who also provided the base funding for the program, with Penn State responsible for consortium management. CPCPC began in 1998 under DOE Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC26-98FT40350. This agreement ended November 2004 but the CPCPC activity continued under cooperative agreement No. DE-FC26-03NT41874, which started October 1, 2003 and ended December 31, 2010. The objective of the second agreement was to continue the successful operation of the CPCPC. The CPCPC enjoyed tremendous success with its organizational structure, which included Penn State and WVU as charter members, numerous industrial affiliate members, and strategic university affiliate members together with NETL, forming a vibrant and creative team for innovative research in the area of transforming coal to carbon products. The key aspect of CPCPC was its industry-led council that selected proposals submitted by CPCPC members to ensure CPCPC target areas had strong industrial support. CPCPC had 58 member companies and universities engaged over the 7-year period of this contract. Members were from 17 states and five countries outside of the U.S. During this period, the CPCPC Executive Council selected 46 projects for funding. DOE/CPCPC provided $3.9 million in funding or an average of $564,000 per year. The total project costs were $5.45 million with $1.5 million, or ~28% of the total, provided by the members as cost share. Total average project size was $118,000 with $85,900 provided by DOE/CPCPC. In addition to the research, technology transfer/outreach was a large component of CPCPC's activities. Efficient technology transfer was critical for the deployment of new technologies into the field. CPCPC organized and hosted technology transfer meetings, tours, and tutorials, attended outreach conferences and workshops to represent CPCPC and attract new members, prepared and distributed reports and publications, and developed and maintained a Web site. The second contract ended December 31, 2010, and it is apparent that CPCPC positively impacted the carbon industry and coal research. Statistics and information were compiled to provide a comprehensive account of the impact the consortium had and the beneficial outcomes of many of the individual projects. Project fact sheet, success stories, and other project information were prepared. Two topical reports, a Synthesis report and a Web report, were prepared detailing this information.
Miller, Bruce; Winton, Shea
An Industrial-Based Consortium to Develop Premium Carbon Products from Coal Final Report - Part 5
An Industrial-Based Consortium to Develop Premium Carbon Products from Coal Final Report - Part 1
An Industrial-Based Consortium to Develop Premium Carbon Products from Coal Final Report - Part 3
and power in US industry. Energy Policy, 29, pp. 1243-1254.Paris. IEA, 2004: Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Finlandand steel industry. Energy Policy, 30, pp. 827-838. Kim, Y.
Genome resequencing in Populus: Revealing large-scale genome variation and implications on specialized-trait genomics
To date, Populus ranks among a few plant species with a complete genome sequence and other highly developed genomic resources. With the first genome sequence among all tree species, Populus has been adopted as a suitable model organism for genomic studies in trees. However, far from being just a model species, Populus is a key renewable economic resource that plays a significant role in providing raw materials for the biofuel and pulp and paper industries. Therefore, aside from leading frontiers of basic tree molecular biology and ecological research, Populus leads frontiers in addressing global economic challenges related to fuel and fiber production. The latter fact suggests that research aimed at improving quality and quantity of Populus as a raw material will likely drive the pursuit of more targeted and deeper research in order to unlock the economic potential tied in molecular biology processes that drive this tree species. Advances in genome sequence-driven technologies, such as resequencing individual genotypes, which in turn facilitates large scale SNP discovery and identification of large scale polymorphisms are key determinants of future success in these initiatives. In this treatise we discuss implications of genome sequence-enable technologies on Populus genomic and genetic studies of complex and specialized-traits.
Muchero, Wellington [ORNL; Labbe, Jessy L [ORNL; Priya, Ranjan [University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK); DiFazio, Steven P [West Virginia University, Morgantown; Tuskan, Gerald A [ORNL
Role of large scale storage in a UK low carbon energy future Philipp Grunewalda
Studie. Institut f¨ur Elektronische Anlagen und Energiewirtschaft RWTH Aachen. Aachen. Howard B. J. Stone
media, Joule- Thomson cooling, thermal exchange, viscousflow, Joule-Thomson cooling, thermal exchange, viscous
Analysis and performance of oil well cement with 30 years ofoil and gas exploration and production, they are penetrated by large numbers of existing wells.well monitoring We plan to employ a comprehensive suite of geophysical sensors that are primarily used within the oil and
A Sequential Cooperative Game Theoretic Approach to Storage-Aware Scheduling of Multiple Large-Scale Workflow Applications in Grids
Scheduling large-scale applications in heterogeneous Grid and Cloud systems is a fundamental NP-complete problem for obtaining good performance and execution costs. We address the problem of scheduling an important class of large-scale Grid applications ...
Rubing Duan; Radu Prodan; Xiaorong Li
Solar Power in the Desert: Are the current large-scale solar developments really improving California�s environment?
from large-scale solar steam generator systems Persistenceof water as steam power generators. The largest of these
Allen, Michael F.; McHughen, Alan
Research project on CO2 geological storage and groundwaterresources: Large-scale hydrological evaluation and modeling of impact ongroundwater systems
If carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technologies areimplemented on a large scale, the amounts of CO2 injected and sequesteredunderground could be extremely large. The stored CO2 then replaces largevolumes of native brine, which can cause considerable pressureperturbation and brine migration in the deep saline formations. Ifhydraulically communicating, either directly via updipping formations orthrough interlayer pathways such as faults or imperfect seals, theseperturbations may impact shallow groundwater or even surface waterresources used for domestic or commercial water supply. Possibleenvironmental concerns include changes in pressure and water table,changes in discharge and recharge zones, as well as changes in waterquality. In compartmentalized formations, issues related to large-scalepressure buildup and brine displacement may also cause storage capacityproblems, because significant pressure buildup can be produced. Toaddress these issues, a three-year research project was initiated inOctober 2006, the first part of which is summarized in this annualreport.
Birkholzer, Jens; Zhou, Quanlin; Rutqvist, Jonny; Jordan,Preston; Zhang,K.; Tsang, Chin-Fu
Common Effects of Acidic Activators on Large-Scale Chromatin Structure and Transcription
Large-scale chromatin decondensation has been observed after the targeting of certain acidic activators to heterochromatic chromatin domains. Acidic activators are often modular, with two or more separable transcriptional activation domains. Whether these smaller regions are sufficient for all functions of the activators has not been demonstrated. We adapted an inducible heterodimerization system to allow systematic dissection of the function of acidic activators, individual subdomains within these activators, and short acidic-hydrophobic peptide motifs within these subdomains. Here, we demonstrate that large-scale chromatin decondensation activity is a general property of acidic activators. Moreover, this activity maps to the same acidic activator subdomains and acidic-hydrophobic peptide motifs that are responsible for transcriptional activation. Two copies of a mutant peptide motif of VP16 (viral protein 16) possess large-scale chromatin decondensation activity but minimal transcriptional activity, and a synthetic acidic-hydrophobic peptide motif had large-scale chromatin decondensation activity comparable to the strongest full-length acidic activator but no transcriptional activity. Therefore, the general property of large-scale chromatin decondensation shared by most acidic activators is not simply a direct result of transcription per se but is most likely the result of the concerted action of coactivator proteins recruited by the activators � short acidic-hydrophobic peptide motifs. Several transcriptional activators contain two or more distinct
Anne E. Carpenter; Sevinci Memedula; Matthew J. Plutz; Andrew S. Belmont
Energy use and carbon dioxide emissions in energy-intensive industries in key developing countries
Structural Factors Affecting Energy Use and Carbon DioxideStructural Factors Affecting Energy Use and Carbon Dioxide
Price, Lynn; Worrell, Ernst; Phylipsen, Dian
in an Appliance Industry Abstract This report provides a starting point for appliance energy efficiency policy to be informed by an understanding of: the baseline rate and...
Dark energy, integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect and large-scale magnetic fields
The impact of large-scale magnetic fields on the interplay between the ordinary and integrated Sachs-Wolfe effects is investigated in the presence of a fluctuating dark energy component. The modified initial conditions of the Einstein-Boltzmann hierarchy allow for the simultaneous inclusion of dark energy perturbations and of large-scale magnetic fields. The temperature and polarization angular power spectra are compared with the results obtained in the magnetized version of the (minimal) concordance model. Purported compensation effects arising at large scales are specifically investigated. The fluctuating dark energy component modifies, in a computable manner, the shapes of the 1- and 2-$\\sigma$ contours in the parameter space of the magnetized background. The allowed spectral indices and magnetic field intensities turn out to be slightly larger than those determined in the framework of the magnetized concordance model where the dark energy fluctuations are absent.
Massimo Giovannini
Approaches to large scale unsaturated flow in heterogeneous, stratified, and fractured geologic media
This report develops a broad review and assessment of quantitative modeling approaches and data requirements for large-scale subsurface flow in radioactive waste geologic repository. The data review includes discussions of controlled field experiments, existing contamination sites, and site-specific hydrogeologic conditions at Yucca Mountain. Local-scale constitutive models for the unsaturated hydrodynamic properties of geologic media are analyzed, with particular emphasis on the effect of structural characteristics of the medium. The report further reviews and analyzes large-scale hydrogeologic spatial variability from aquifer data, unsaturated soil data, and fracture network data gathered from the literature. Finally, various modeling strategies toward large-scale flow simulations are assessed, including direct high-resolution simulation, and coarse-scale simulation based on auxiliary hydrodynamic models such as single equivalent continuum and dual-porosity continuum. The roles of anisotropy, fracturing, and broad-band spatial variability are emphasized. 252 refs.
Ababou, R.
U.S. Signs International Fusion Energy Agreement; Large-Scale, Clean Fusion
U.S. Signs U.S. Signs International Fusion Energy Agreement; Large-Scale, Clean Fusion Energy Project to Begin Construction News Featured Articles Science Headlines 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 Presentations & Testimony News Archives Contact Information Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy 1000 Independence Ave., SW Washington, DC 20585 P: (202) 586-5430 11.21.06 U.S. Signs International Fusion Energy Agreement; Large-Scale, Clean Fusion Energy Project to Begin Construction Print Text Size: A A A Subscribe FeedbackShare Page Large-Scale, Clean Fusion Energy Project to Begin Construction November 21, 2006 PARIS, FRANCE - Representing the United States, Dr. Raymond L. Orbach, Under Secretary for Science of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), today joined counterparts from China, the European Union, India, Japan, the
Energy Department Loan Guarantee Would Support Large-Scale Rooftop Solar
Loan Guarantee Would Support Large-Scale Rooftop Loan Guarantee Would Support Large-Scale Rooftop Solar Power for U.S. Military Housing Energy Department Loan Guarantee Would Support Large-Scale Rooftop Solar Power for U.S. Military Housing September 7, 2011 - 2:10pm Addthis Washington D.C. - U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu today announced the offer of a conditional commitment for a partial guarantee of a $344 million loan that will support the SolarStrong Project, which is expected to be a record expansion of residential rooftop solar power in the United States. Under the SolarStrong Project, SolarCity Corporation will install, own and operate up to 160,000 rooftop solar installations on as many as 124 U.S. military bases in up to 33 states. SolarCity expects the project to fund approximately 750 construction jobs over five years and 28 full time
VP 100: New Facility in Boston to Test Large-Scale Wind Blades | Department
VP 100: New Facility in Boston to Test Large-Scale Wind Blades VP 100: New Facility in Boston to Test Large-Scale Wind Blades VP 100: New Facility in Boston to Test Large-Scale Wind Blades July 23, 2010 - 1:19pm Addthis Boston's Wind Technology Testing Center, funded in part with Recovery Act funds, will be first in U.S. to test blades up to 300 feet long. | Photo Courtesy of Massachusetts Clean Energy Center Boston's Wind Technology Testing Center, funded in part with Recovery Act funds, will be first in U.S. to test blades up to 300 feet long. | Photo Courtesy of Massachusetts Clean Energy Center Stephen Graff Former Writer & editor for Energy Empowers, EERE America's first-of-its-kind wind blade testing facility - capable of testing a blade as long as a football field - almost never was. Because of funding woes, the Massachusetts Clean Energy Center (MassCEC),
Total Cost Per MwH for all common large scale power generation sources |
Total Cost Per MwH for all common large scale power generation sources Total Cost Per MwH for all common large scale power generation sources Home > Groups > DOE Wind Vision Community In the US DOEnergy, are there calcuations for real cost of energy considering the negative, socialized costs of all commercial large scale power generation soruces ? I am talking about the cost of mountain top removal for coal mined that way, the trip to the power plant, the sludge pond or ash heap, the cost of the gas out of the stack, toxificaiton of the lakes and streams, plant decommision costs. For nuclear yiou are talking about managing the waste in perpetuity. The plant decomission costs and so on. What I am tring to get at is the 'real cost' per MWh or KWh for the various sources ? I suspect that the costs commonly quoted for fossil fuels and nucelar are
Regional climate consequences of large-scale cool roof and photovoltaic array deployment
climate consequences of large-scale cool roof and photovoltaic array deployment climate consequences of large-scale cool roof and photovoltaic array deployment This article has been downloaded from IOPscience. Please scroll down to see the full text article. 2011 Environ. Res. Lett. 6 034001 (http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326/6/3/034001) Download details: IP Address: 188.8.131.52 The article was downloaded on 01/07/2011 at 12:38 Please note that terms and conditions apply. View the table of contents for this issue, or go to the journal homepage for more Home Search Collections Journals About Contact us My IOPscience IOP PUBLISHING ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS Environ. Res. Lett. 6 (2011) 034001 (9pp) doi:10.1088/1748-9326/6/3/034001 Regional climate consequences of large-scale cool roof and photovoltaic array deployment Dev Millstein and Surabi Menon Lawrence
Observation of femtosecond laser-induced nanostructure-covered large scale waves on metals
Following femtosecond (fs) laser pulse irradiation, we produce a type of periodic surface structure with a period tens of times greater than the laser wavelength and densely covered by an iterating pattern that consists of stripes of nanostructures and microscale cellular structures. The morphology of this large scale wave pattern crucially depends on laser fluence and the number of laser pulses, but not on the laser wavelength. Our study suggests that this large scale wave is initiated by fs laser induced surface unevenness followed by periodically distributed nonuniform surface heating from fs pulse irradiation.
Hwang, Taek Yong; Guo Chunlei [Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627 (United States)
Software System Design for Large Scale, Spatially-explicit Agroecosystem Modeling
Recently, site-based agroecosystem model has been applied at regional and state level to enable comprehensive analyses of environmental sustainability of food and biofuel production. Those large-scale, spatially-explicit simulations present computational challenges in software systems design. Herein, we describe our software system design for large-scale, spatially-explicit agroecosystem modeling and data analysis. First, we describe the software design principles in three major phases: data preparation, high performance simulation, and data management and analysis. Then, we use a case study at a regional intensive modeling area (RIMA) to demonstrate our system implementation and capability.
Wang, Dali [ORNL; Nichols, Dr Jeff A [ORNL; Kang, Shujiang [ORNL; Post, Wilfred M [ORNL; Liu, Sumang [ORNL
Ultra high energy cosmic rays and the large scale structure of the galactic magnetic field
We study the deflection of ultra high energy cosmic ray protons in different models of the regular galactic magnetic field. Such particles have gyroradii well in excess of 1 kpc and their propagation in the galaxy reflects only the large scale structure of the galactic magnetic field. A future large experimental statistics of cosmic rays of energy above 10$^{19}$ eV could be used for a study of the large scale structure of the galactic magnetic field if such cosmic rays are indeed charged nuclei accelerated at powerful astrophysical objects and if the distribution of their sources is not fully isotropic.
Todor Stanev
Variability of Load and Net Load in Case of Large Scale Distributed Wind Power
Large scale wind power production and its variability is one of the major inputs to wind integration studies. This paper analyses measured data from large scale wind power production. Comparisons of variability are made across several variables: time scale (10-60 minute ramp rates), number of wind farms, and simulated vs. modeled data. Ramp rates for Wind power production, Load (total system load) and Net load (load minus wind power production) demonstrate how wind power increases the net load variability. Wind power will also change the timing of daily ramps.
Holttinen, H.; Kiviluoma, J.; Estanqueiro, A.; Gomez-Lazaro, E.; Rawn, B.; Dobschinski, J.; Meibom, P.; Lannoye, E.; Aigner, T.; Wan, Y. H.; Milligan, M.
A research and development program is under way at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) to assess the technological and scale-up issues associated with the implementation of solid-oxide electrolysis cell technology for efficient high-temperature hydrogen production from steam. This work is supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, under the Nuclear Hydrogen Initiative. This paper will provide an overview of large-scale system modeling results and economic analyses that have been completed to date. System analysis results have been obtained using the commercial code UniSim, augmented with a custom high-temperature electrolyzer module. Economic analysis results were based on the DOE H2A analysis methodology. The process flow diagrams for the system simulations include an advanced nuclear reactor as a source of high-temperature process heat, a power cycle and a coupled steam electrolysis loop. Several reactor types and power cycles have been considered, over a range of reactor outlet temperatures. Pure steam electrolysis for hydrogen production as well as coelectrolysis for syngas production from steam/carbon dioxide mixtures have both been considered. In addition, the feasibility of coupling the high-temperature electrolysis process to biomass and coal-based synthetic fuels production has been considered. These simulations demonstrate that the addition of supplementary nuclear hydrogen to synthetic fuels production from any carbon source minimizes emissions of carbon dioxide during the production process.
J. E. O'Brien; M. G. McKellar; E. A. Harvego; C. M. Stoots
Carbon Fiber Consortium | Partnerships | ORNL
Industrial Partnerships Carbon Fiber Consortium Manufacturing Industrial Partnerships Staff Partnerships Home | Connect with ORNL | For Industry | Partnerships | Industrial...
Activated carbon: Utilization excluding industrial waste treatment. (Latest citations from the EI Compendex*plus database). Published Search
milling industry: An ENERGY STAR Guide for Energy and Plantcement mak- ing - An ENERGY STAR Guide for Energy and Plantre- fineries - An ENERGY STAR Guide for Energy and Plant
An Exploration of Innovation and An Exploration of Innovation and Energy Efficiency in an Appliance Industry Prepared by Margaret Taylor, K. Sydny Fujita, Larry Dale, and James McMahon For the European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy March 29, 2012 ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATIONAL LABORATORY LBNL - 5689E An Exploration of Innovation and Energy Efficiency in an Appliance Industry Abstract This report provides a starting point for appliance energy efficiency policy to be informed by an understanding of: the baseline rate and direction of technological change of product industries; the factors that underlie the outcomes of innovation in these industries; and the ways the innovation system might respond to any given intervention. The report provides an overview of the dynamics of energy efficiency policy and innovation in the appliance
An adaptive clustering-based resource discovery scheme for large scale MANETs
An increasing number of smart mobile devices offering the ability to perform various types of ubiquitous computation are emerging as large computer networks with an unprecedented scale. Large Scale Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) place strong challenges ... Keywords: adaptive network clustering, distributed algorithms, mobile ad hoc networks, multi-hop head-based non-overlapping clustering, network resource discovery
Saad Al-Ahmadi; Abdullah Al-Dhelaan
Using Markov chain analysis to study dynamic behaviour in large-scale grid systems
In large-scale grid systems with decentralized control, the interactions of many service providers and consumers will likely lead to emergent global system behaviours that result in unpredictable, often detrimental, outcomes. This possibility argues ... Keywords: discrete Markov chain, grid computing, perturbation analysis, piece-wise homogenous Markov chain
Christopher Dabrowski; Fern Hunt
Synthesis and control on large scale multi-touch sensing displays
In this paper, we describe our experience in musical interface design for a large scale, high-resolution, multi-touch display surface. We provide an overview of historical and present-day context in multi-touch audio interaction, and describe our approach ... Keywords: bi-manual, dynamic patching, multi-touch, multi-user, synthesis, tactile, touch
Philip L. Davidson; Jefferson Y. Han
No large scale curvature perturbations during the waterfall phase transition of hybrid inflation
In this paper the possibility of generating large scale curvature perturbations induced from the entropic perturbations during the waterfall phase transition of the standard hybrid inflation model is studied. We show that whether or not appreciable amounts of large scale curvature perturbations are produced during the waterfall phase transition depends crucially on the competition between the classical and the quantum mechanical backreactions to terminate inflation. If one considers only the classical evolution of the system, we show that the highly blue-tilted entropy perturbations induce highly blue-tilted large scale curvature perturbations during the waterfall phase transition which dominate over the original adiabatic curvature perturbations. However, we show that the quantum backreactions of the waterfall field inhomogeneities produced during the phase transition dominate completely over the classical backreactions. The cumulative quantum backreactions of very small scale tachyonic modes terminate inflation very efficiently and shut off the curvature perturbation evolution during the waterfall phase transition. This indicates that the standard hybrid inflation model is safe under large scale curvature perturbations during the waterfall phase transition.
Abolhasani, Ali Akbar [Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); School of Physics, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), P.O. Box 19395-5531, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Firouzjahi, Hassan [School of Physics, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), P.O. Box 19395-5531, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of)
Lessons Learned from Large-Scale User Studies: Using Android Market as a Source of Data
User studies with mobile devices have typically been cumbersome, since researchers have had to recruit participants, hand out or configure devices, and offer incentives and rewards. The increasing popularity of application stores has allowed researchers ... Keywords: Application Stores, Computer Science, Large-Scale Study, Mobile Computing, Mobile Devices, Ubiquitous Computing
Denzil Ferreira; Vassilis Kostakos; Anind K. Dey
An Analysis of Klemp�Wilhelmson Schemes as Applied to Large-Scale Wave Modes
The use of Klemp�Wilhelmson (KW) time splitting for large-scale and global modeling is assessed through a series of von Neumann accuracy and stability analyses. Two variations of the KW splitting are evaluated in particular: the original acoustic-...
Kevin C. Viner; Craig C. Epifanio
Efficient data management in a large-scale epidemiology research project
This article describes the concept of a ''Central Data Management'' (CDM) and its implementation within the large-scale population-based medical research project ''Personalized Medicine''. The CDM can be summarized as a conjunction of data capturing, ... Keywords: Central Data Management, Electronic Case Report Forms, Electronic Data Capture, Individualized medicine, Personalized Medicine
Jens Meyer; Stefan Ostrzinski; Daniel Fredrich; Christoph Havemann; Janina Krafczyk; Wolfgang Hoffmann
Overlay networks for task allocation and coordination in large-scale networks of cooperative agents
This paper proposes a novel method for scheduling and allocating atomic and complex tasks in large-scale networks of homogeneous or heterogeneous cooperative agents. Our method encapsulates the concepts of searching, task allocation and scheduling seamlessly ... Keywords: Cooperation, Cooperative agents, Coordination, Distributed constraint processing, Task and resource allocation
Panagiotis Karagiannis; George Vouros; Kostas Stergiou; Nikolaos Samaras
A steady-state L-mode tokamak fusion reactor : large scale and minimum scale
We perform extensive analysis on the physics of L-mode tokamak fusion reactors to identify (1) a favorable parameter space for a large scale steady-state reactor and (2) an operating point for a minimum scale steady-state ...
Time efficient fabrication of ultra large scale nano dot arrays using electron beam lithography
An astonishingly simple yet versatile alternative method for the creation of ultra large scale nano dot arrays [1-3] utilising the fact that exposure in electron beam lithography (EBL) is performed by addressing single pixels with defined distances is ... Keywords: Electron beam lithography, Nano dot, Patterning, Photonic crystal, Plasmonics
Jochen Grebing; J�Rgen Fa�Bender; Artur Erbe
Large-scale Probabilistic Forecasting in Energy Systems using Sparse Gaussian Conditional Random Fields
pricing. Although it is known that probabilistic forecasts (which give a distribution over possible futureLarge-scale Probabilistic Forecasting in Energy Systems using Sparse Gaussian Conditional Random Fields Matt Wytock and J. Zico Kolter Abstract-- Short-term forecasting is a ubiquitous practice
Kolter, J. Zico
Hurricane Climatic Fluctuations. Part II: Relation to Large-Scale Circulation
Correlations are computed between interannual fluctuations of hurricane incidence in the Atlantic basin and large-scale patterns of seasonally-averaged sea-level pressure (SLP; 1899�1978), sea-surface temperature (SST; 1899�1967), and 500 mb ...
Lloyd J. Shapiro
Computing and Data Infrastructure for Large-Scale Science NERSC and the DOE Science Grid
-bandwidth connectivity end to end (high-speed links from site systems to ESnet gateways) Storage resources: four Collaboration with ESnet for security and directory services #12;Initial Science Grid Configuration NERSC Supercomputing & Large-Scale Storage PNNL LBNL ANL ESnet Europe DOE Science Grid ORNL ESNet MDS CA Grid Managed
An automatic water management system for large-scale rice paddy fields
An automatic water management system for large-scale paddy fields has been developed. The purposes of that are to supply the paddy fields with water or drain water from that automatically, to decrease water consumption, and to have a good harvest. To ... Keywords: estimating mean water level, optimal water allocation, paddy field, predict field consumption, prediction of growth stages, water level control
Teruji Sekozawa
An Integrated Docking Pipeline for the Prediction of Large-Scale Protein-Protein Interactions
An Integrated Docking Pipeline for the Prediction of Large-Scale Protein-Protein Interactions Xin. In this study, we developed a protein-protein docking pipeline (PPDP) that integrates a variety of state studies. In this study, we developed a protein-protein docking pipeline by integrat
Hierarchical visibility for guaranteed search in large-scale outdoor terrain
Searching for moving targets in large environments is a challenging task that is relevant in several problem domains, such as capturing an invader in a camp, guarding security facilities, and searching for victims in large-scale search and rescue scenarios. ... Keywords: Exploration, Guaranteed search, HRI, Human---robot-interaction, Moving target search, Path planning, Pursuit-evasion, Task allocation
A. Kleiner; A. Kolling; M. Lewis; K. Sycara
Linearly scaling 3D fragment method for large-scale electronic structure calculations
We present a new linearly scaling three-dimensional fragment (LS3DF) method for large scale ab initio electronic structure calculations. LS3DF is based on a divide-and-conquer approach, which incorporates a novel patching scheme that effectively ...
Lin-Wang Wang; Byounghak Lee; Hongzhang Shan; Zhengji Zhao; Juan Meza; Erich Strohmaier; David H. Bailey
Performance modeling of hybrid MPI/OpenMP scientific applications on large-scale multicore supercomputers
In this paper, we present a performance modeling framework based on memory bandwidth contention time and a parameterized communication model to predict the performance of OpenMP, MPI and hybrid applications with weak scaling on three large-scale multicore ... Keywords: Hybrid MPI/OpenMP, Memory bandwidth contention time, Multicore supercomputers, Performance modeling
Xingfu Wu, Valerie Taylor
Supporting ad-hoc re-planning and shareability at large-scale events
In this paper we present results from a research and development project focusing on the use of mobile phones at a music festival. Our aim is to explore how the festival experience can be enhanced with the introduction of mobile services. Two questions ... Keywords: coordination, ethnography, festival, groups, interaction design, large-scale event, mobile service, mobility, planning
Sarah Lindstr�m; M�rten Pettersson
Large-scale byzantine fault tolerance: safe but not always live
The overall correctness of large-scale systems composed of many groups of replicas executing BFT protocols scales poorly with the number of groups. This is because the probability of at least one group being compromised (more than 1/3 faulty replicas) ...
Rodrigo Rodrigues; Petr Kouznetsov; Bobby Bhattacharjee
Fountain Codes Based Distributed Storage Algorithms for Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks
We consider large-scale networks with n nodes, out of which k are in possession, (e.g., have sensed or collected in some other way) k information packets. In the scenarios in which network nodes are vulnerable because of, for example, limited energy ...
Salah A. Aly; Zhenning Kong; Emina Soljanin
Large-Scale Conditions Favorable for the Development of Heavy Rainfall during TAMEX IOP 3
The large-scale processes responsible for development of heavy precipitation during 20�23 May 1987 along the southeastern China coast are studied. There are two distinct rainfall peaks around 0000 UTC 20 May and 0000 UTC 22 May. Prior to the ...
Yi-Leng Chen; Jun Li
China's changing landscape during the 1990s: Large-scale land transformations estimated with satellite data
China's changing landscape during the 1990s: Large-scale land transformations estimated January 2005. [1] Land-cover changes in China are being powered by demand for food for its growing increased by 2.99 million hectares and urban areas increased by 0.82 million hectares. In northern China
FEM Aided Prestress Design for Large-scale Ultra-low-temperature LNG Tank
A large-scale low-temperature aboveground LNG storage tank design is described in detail, especially the process of prestressing tendons configuration using finite element method (FEM). Considering the LNG storage tanks working conditions and corresponding ... Keywords: FEM, LNG, optimize design, prestressing design
Fang-yuan Li; Jin-bao Han
Large-Scale Urban Modeling by Combining Ground Level Panoramic and Aerial Imagery
from the United States Ge- ographic Survey. One aerial image is shown in Fig. 1(a). Another inherentLarge-Scale Urban Modeling by Combining Ground Level Panoramic and Aerial Imagery Lu Wang, Suya You a high resolution orthorecti- fied aerial image to provide the building footprints. Users draw
Shahabi, Cyrus
Towards Ontology-based Data Quality Inference in Large-Scale Sensor Networks
This paper presents an ontology-based approach for data quality inference on streaming observation data originating from large-scale sensor networks. We evaluate this approach in the context of an existing river basin monitoring program called the Intelligent ... Keywords: Wireless Sensor Networks, Semantic Web, Distributed Computing
Sam Esswein; Sebastien Goasguen; Chris Post; Jason Hallstrom; David White; Gene Eidson
Large-scale hybrid poplar production economics: 1995 Alexandria, Minnesota establishment cost and management
The purpose of this project was to track and monitor costs of planting, maintaining, and monitoring large scale commercial plantings of hybrid poplar in Minnesota. These costs assists potential growers and purchasers of this resource to determine the ways in which supply and demand may be secured through developing markets.
Downing, M. [Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States); Langseth, D. [WesMinn Resource Conservation and Development District, Alexandria, MN (United States); Stoffel, R. [Minnesota Dept. of Natural Resources, Alexandria, MN (United States); Kroll, T. [Minnesota Dept. of Natural Resources, St. Paul, MN (United States). Forestry Div.
Tunable Fano resonance in large scale polymer-dielectric slab photonic crystals
Using interference lithography and deposition technique we have fabricated large scale quasi one dimensional polymer-dielectric photonic crystal that provides sharp and deep Fano resonance in the transmission spectrum of the PC at normal incidence. Due ... Keywords: Interference lithography, Optical switch, Photonic crystals, Polymer, Tunable filter
Reza Asadi; Shahin Bagheri; Mahdi Khaje; Mohammad Malekmohammad; Mohammad-Taghi Tavassoly
Interactive remote large-scale data visualization via prioritized multi-resolution streaming
The simulations that run on petascale and future exascale supercomputers pose a difficult challenge for scientists to visualize and analyze their results remotely. They are limited in their ability to interactively visualize their data mainly due to ... Keywords: data intensive supercomputing, distance visualization, large scale data, remote visualization, visualization systems
James P. Ahrens; Jonathan Woodring; David E. DeMarle; John Patchett; Mathew Maltrud
An assessment of accountability policies for large-scale distributed computing systems
Grid computing systems offer resources to solve large-scale computational problems and are thus widely used in a large variety of domains, including computational sciences, energy management, and defense. Accountability in these application domains is ... Keywords: accountability, distributed systems, grid, policies, scalability
Wonjun Lee; Anna C. Squicciarini; Elisa Bertino
An analytical framework for particle and volume data of large-scale combustion simulations
This paper presents a framework to enable parallel data analyses and visualizations that combine both Lagrangian particle data and Eulerian field data of large-scale combustion simulations. Our framework is characterized by a new range query based design ... Keywords: data transformation and representation, feature extraction and tracking, scalability issues
Franz Sauer, Hongfeng Yu, Kwan-Liu Ma
MicroTCA implementation of synchronous Ethernet-Based DAQ systems for large scale experiments
the form of a tank filled with liquid Argon maintained at about 87 °K by a cryogenic system. An electric the calculation of the track coordinates in 2 dimensions. The third dimension is given by the measurement software. Proposals of such very large scale Liquid Argon Detector foresee the use of Liquefied Natural Gas
Determining the Mean, Large-Scale Circulation of the Atlantic with the Adjoint Method
A new model approach based on the adjoint formalism and aimed at assimilating large sets of hydrographic data is presented. The goal of the model calculations is to obtain the mean, large-scale ocean circulation together with coefficients of iso- ...
Reiner Schlitzer
Large-Scale Dynamics of the Meiyu-Baiu Rainband: Environmental Forcing by the Westerly Jet
Meiyu-baiu is the major rainy season from central China to Japan brought by a zonally elongated rainband from June to mid-July. Large-scale characteristics and environmental forcing of this important phenomenon are investigated based on a ...
Takeaki Sampe; Shang-Ping Xie
DRAM errors in the wild: a large-scale field study
Errors in dynamic random access memory (DRAM) are a common form of hardware failure in modern compute clusters. Failures are costly both in terms of hardware replacement costs and service disruption. While a large body of work exists on DRAM in laboratory ... Keywords: data corruption, dimm, dram, dram reliability, ecc, empirical study, hard error, large-scale systems, memory, soft error
Bianca Schroeder; Eduardo Pinheiro; Wolf-Dietrich Weber
A practical ontology for the large-scale modeling of scholarly artifacts and their usage
The large-scale analysis of scholarly artifact usage is constrained primarily by current practices in usage data archiving, privacy issues concerned with the dissemination of usage data, and the lack of a practical ontology for modeling the usage domain. ... Keywords: resource description framework and schema, semantic networks, web ontology language
Marko A. Rodriguez; Johan Bollen; Herbert Van de Sompel
Benchmarking parallel i/o performance for a large scale scientific application on the teragrid
This paper is a report on experiences in benchmarking I/O performance on leading computational facilities on the NSF TeraGrid network with a large scale scientific application. Instead of focusing only on the raw file I/O bandwidth provided by different ...
Frank L�ffler; Jian Tao; Gabrielle Allen; Erik Schnetter
Large-scale pattern growth of graphene films for stretchable transparent electrodes
of these highly conducting and transparent electrodes in flexible, stretchable, foldable electronics8,9 . Graphene growth provides high-quality multilayer graphene samples interacting strongly with their substrates method to grow and transfer high-quality stretchable graphene films on a large scale using CVD on nickel
Kim, Philip
PIV Studies of Large Scale Structures in the Near Field of Small Aspect Ratio Elliptic Jets
The near flow field of small aspect ratio elliptic turbulent free jets (issuing from nozzle and orifice) was experimentally studied using a 2D PIV. Two point velocity correlations in these jets revealed the extent and orientation of the large scale structures ... Keywords: Axis switching, Elliptic jet, PIV, Spatial filtering, Two point correlation
G. Ramesh; L. Venkatakrishnan; A. Prabhu
Sensory experience modifies spontaneous state dynamics in a large-scale barrel cortical model
Experimental evidence suggests that spontaneous neuronal activity may shape and be shaped by sensory experience. However, we lack information on how sensory experience modulates the underlying synaptic dynamics and how such modulation influences the ... Keywords: Barrel cortex, Large-scale model, STDP, Spontaneous dynamics
Elena Phoka; Mark Wildie; Simon R. Schultz; Mauricio Barahona
Statistical Characteristics of the Large-Scale Response of Coastal Sea Level to Atmospheric Forcing
As part of a study of the large-scale response of coastal sea level to atmospheric forcing along the west coast of North America during June�September 1973, Halliwell and Allen calculate space- and time-lagged cross-correlation coefficients R?? ...
J. S. Allen; D. W. Denbo
A sequential cooperative game theoretic approach to scheduling multiple large-scale applications in grids
Scheduling large-scale applications in heterogeneous distributed computing systems is a fundamental NP-complete problem that is critical to obtaining good performance and execution cost. In this paper, we address the scheduling problem of an important ... Keywords: Economic cost, Game theory, Grid computing, Performance, Scheduling, Storage
Rubing Duan, Radu Prodan, Xiaorong Li
IDO: intelligent data outsourcing with improved RAID reconstruction performance in large-scale data centers
Dealing with disk failures has become an increasingly common task for system administrators in the face of high disk failure rates in large-scale data centers consisting of hundreds of thousands of disks. Thus, achieving fast recovery from disk failures ...
Suzhen Wu; Hong Jiang; Bo Mao
Investigating self-similarity and heavy-tailed distributions on a large-scale experimental facility
After the seminal work by Taqqu et al. relating self-similarity to heavy-tailed distributions, a number of research articles verified that aggregated Internet traffic time series show self-similarity and that Internet attributes, like Web file sizes ... Keywords: heavy-tailed distributions, large-scale experiments, monitoring, network traffic, self-similarity
Patrick Loiseau; Paulo Gon�alves; Guillaume Dewaele; Pierre Borgnat; Patrice Abry; Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet
The Impact of Initial Condition Uncertainty on Numerical Simulations of Large-scale Explosive Cyclogenesis
The impact of initial condition uncertainty on short-range (up to 48 h) forecasts of large-scale explosive cyclogenesis is examined. Predictability experiments are conducted on 11 cases of rapid oceanic cyclogenesis that occurred in a long-term, ...
Steven L. Mullen; David P. Baumhefner
The Association of Large-Scale Climate Variability and Teleconnections on Wind Energy Resource
The Association of Large-Scale Climate Variability and Teleconnections on Wind Energy Resource over on Wind Energy Resource over Europe and its Intermittency Pascal Kriesche* and Adam Schlosser* Abstract In times of increasing importance of wind power in the world's energy mix, this study focuses on a better
Squidball: an experiment in large-scale motion capture and game design
This paper describes Squidball, a new large-scale motion capture based game. It was tested on up to 4000 player audiences last summer at SIGGRAPH 2004. It required the construction of the world's largest motion capture space at the time, and many ...
Christoph Bregler; Clothilde Castiglia; Jessica DeVincezo; Roger Luke DuBois; Kevin Feeley; Tom Igoe; Jonathan Meyer; Michael Naimark; Alexandru Postelnicu; Michael Rabinovich; Sally Rosenthal; Katie Salen; Jeremi Sudol; Bo Wright
Large-Scale Software Unit Testing on the Grid Yaohang Li, 2
-scale and cost-efficient computational grid resources as a software testing test bed to support automated. Grid computing is characterized by large-scale sharing and cooperation of dynamically distributed a grid-based software testing framework to facilitate the automated process of utilizing the grid
Li, Yaohang
Lessons Learned from Natural and Industrial Analogues for Storage of Carbon Dioxide in Deep Geological Formations
and E.R. Slatick, Carbon Dioxide Emission Factors for Coal,oxygen-deficiency is a factor. CARBON DIOXIDE - CO 2 MSDS (Carbon Dioxide will be reached before oxygen-deficiency is a factor.
Benson, Sally M.; Hepple, Robert; Apps, John; Tsang, Chin-Fu; Lippmann, Marcelo
Measuring and tuning energy efficiency on large scale high performance computing platforms.
Recognition of the importance of power in the field of High Performance Computing, whether it be as an obstacle, expense or design consideration, has never been greater and more pervasive. While research has been conducted on many related aspects, there is a stark absence of work focused on large scale High Performance Computing. Part of the reason is the lack of measurement capability currently available on small or large platforms. Typically, research is conducted using coarse methods of measurement such as inserting a power meter between the power source and the platform, or fine grained measurements using custom instrumented boards (with obvious limitations in scale). To collect the measurements necessary to analyze real scientific computing applications at large scale, an in-situ measurement capability must exist on a large scale capability class platform. In response to this challenge, we exploit the unique power measurement capabilities of the Cray XT architecture to gain an understanding of power use and the effects of tuning. We apply these capabilities at the operating system level by deterministically halting cores when idle. At the application level, we gain an understanding of the power requirements of a range of important DOE/NNSA production scientific computing applications running at large scale (thousands of nodes), while simultaneously collecting current and voltage measurements on the hosting nodes. We examine the effects of both CPU and network bandwidth tuning and demonstrate energy savings opportunities of up to 39% with little or no impact on run-time performance. Capturing scale effects in our experimental results was key. Our results provide strong evidence that next generation large-scale platforms should not only approach CPU frequency scaling differently, but could also benefit from the capability to tune other platform components, such as the network, to achieve energy efficient performance.
Laros, James H., III
Production, Energy, and Carbon Emissions: A Data Profile of the Iron and Steel Industry
Reports and Publications (EIA)
Energy-related carbon emissions in manufacturing analysis and issues related to the energy use, energy efficiency, and carbon emission indicators.
Information Center
This chapter addresses past, ongoing, and short (to 2010) and medium-term (to 2030) future actions that can be taken to mitigate GHG emissions from the manufacturing and process industries. Globally, and in most countries, CO{sub 2} accounts for more than 90% of CO{sub 2}-eq GHG emissions from the industrial sector (Price et al., 2006; US EPA, 2006b). These CO{sub 2} emissions arise from three sources: (1) the use of fossil fuels for energy, either directly by industry for heat and power generation or indirectly in the generation of purchased electricity and steam; (2) non-energy uses of fossil fuels in chemical processing and metal smelting; and (3) non-fossil fuel sources, for example cement and lime manufacture. Industrial processes also emit other GHGs, e.g.: (1) Nitrous oxide (N{sub 2}O) is emitted as a byproduct of adipic acid, nitric acid and caprolactam production; (2) HFC-23 is emitted as a byproduct of HCFC-22 production, a refrigerant, and also used in fluoroplastics manufacture; (3) Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are emitted as byproducts of aluminium smelting and in semiconductor manufacture; (4) Sulphur hexafluoride (SF{sub 6}) is emitted in the manufacture, use and, decommissioning of gas insulated electrical switchgear, during the production of flat screen panels and semiconductors, from magnesium die casting and other industrial applications; (5) Methane (CH{sub 4}) is emitted as a byproduct of some chemical processes; and (6) CH{sub 4} and N{sub 2}O can be emitted by food industry waste streams. Many GHG emission mitigation options have been developed for the industrial sector. They fall into three categories: operating procedures, sector-wide technologies and process-specific technologies. A sampling of these options is discussed in Sections 7.2-7.4. The short- and medium-term potential for and cost of all classes of options are discussed in Section 7.5, barriers to the application of these options are addressed in Section 7.6 and the implication of industrial mitigation for sustainable development is discussed in Section 7.7. Section 7.8 discusses the sector's vulnerability to climate change and options for adaptation. A number of policies have been designed either to encourage voluntary GHG emission reductions from the industrial sector or to mandate such reductions. Section 7.9 describes these policies and the experience gained to date. Co-benefits of reducing GHG emissions from the industrial sector are discussed in Section 7.10. Development of new technology is key to the cost-effective control of industrial GHG emissions. Section 7.11 discusses research, development, deployment and diffusion in the industrial sector and Section 7.12, the long-term (post-2030) technologies for GHG emissions reduction from the industrial sector. Section 7.13 summarizes gaps in knowledge.
Bernstein, Lenny; Roy, Joyashree; Delhotal, K. Casey; Harnisch, Jochen; Matsuhashi, Ryuji; Price, Lynn; Tanaka, Kanako; Worrell, Ernst; Yamba, Francis; Fengqi, Zhou; de la Rue du Can, Stephane; Gielen, Dolf; Joosen, Suzanne; Konar, Manaswita; Matysek, Anna; Miner, Reid; Okazaki, Teruo; Sanders, Johan; Sheinbaum Parado, Claudia
have a large iron and steel industry, while another provinceand has a clustered steel industry; therefore, it is nothas many large industries, such as steel and cement, its CO
Chemical sensing and imaging in microfluidic pore network structures relevant to natural carbon cycling and industrial carbon sequestration
Energy and climate change represent significant factors in global security. Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, while global in scope, are influenced by pore-scale phenomena in the subsurface. We are developing tools to visualize and investigate processes in pore network microfluidic structures with transparent covers as representations of normally-opaque porous media. In situ fluorescent oxygen sensing methods and fluorescent cellulosic materials are being used to investigate processes related to terrestrial carbon cycling involving cellulytic respiring microorganisms. These structures also enable visualization of water displacement from pore spaces by hydrophobic fluids, including carbon dioxide, in studies related to carbon sequestration.
Grate, Jay W.; Zhang, Changyong; Wilkins, Michael J.; Warner, Marvin G.; Anheier, Norman C.; Suter, Jonathan D.; Kelly, Ryan T.; Oostrom, Martinus
Production of precipitated calcium carbonate from industrial by-product slags (Slag2PCC)
a commercial carbonate product by mineral carbonation could allow for higher process costs than what the CO2 a commercial calcium carbonate product should contain as little impurities as possible. Solution temperatureC Carbonation at 30 ºC (XCa = 68 %) Thickener Condenser Acetic acid 5.2 kg Gel residue 1.1 kg NaOH, 2.6 kg
The Effects of Human Resource Development on Operational and Financial Performance of Manufacturing Companies: A Large-Scale, Longitudinal Analysis
of Manufacturing Companies: A Large-Scale, Longitudinalfrom 207 manufacturing companies at three time points over aestimated that American companies spend approximately $134
Young Sung, Sun; Choi, Jin Nam
NAMD - The Engine for Large-Scale Classical MD Simulations of Biomolecular
NAMD NAMD NAMD - The Engine for Large-Scale Classical MD Simulations of Biomolecular Systems Based on a Polarizable Force Field PI Name: Benoit Roux PI Email: email@example.com Institution: Argonne National Laboratory & University of Chicago Allocation Program: ESP Allocation Hours at ALCF: 80 Million Year: 2010 to 2013 Research Domain: Biological Sciences Biology, at the atomic and molecular level, is governed by complex interactions involving a large number of key constituents, including water, ions, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipid membranes. The goal of this project is to develop new technologies to simulate virtual models of biomolecular systems with an unprecedented accuracy. Large-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations based on atomic models play an increasingly
Large-scale Ocean-based or Geothermal Power Plants by Thermoelectric Effects
Heat resources of small temperature difference are easily accessible, free and unlimited on earth. Thermoelectric effects provide the technology for converting these heat resources directly into electricity. We present designs of electricity generators based on thermoelectric effects and using heat resources of small temperature difference, e.g., ocean water at different depths and geothermal sources, and conclude that large-scale power plants based on thermoelectric effects are feasible and economically competitive. The key observation is that the power factor of thermoelectric materials, unlike the figure of merit, can be improved by orders of magnitude upon laminating good conductors and good thermoelectric materials. The predicted large-scale power plants based on thermoelectric effects, if validated, will have a global economic and social impact for its scalability, and the renewability, free and unlimited supply of heat resources of small temperature difference on earth.
Liu, Liping
The large-scale analysis of scholarly artifact usage is constrained primarily by current practices in usage data archiving, privacy issues concerned with the dissemination of usage data, and the lack of a practical ontology for modeling the usage domain. As a remedy to the third constraint, this article presents a scholarly ontology that was engineered to represent those classes for which large-scale bibliographic and usage data exists, supports usage research, and whose instantiation is scalable to the order of 50 million articles along with their associated artifacts (e.g. authors and journals) and an accompanying 1 billion usage events. The real world instantiation of the presented abstract ontology is a semantic network model of the scholarly community which lends the scholarly process to statistical analysis and computational support. They present the ontology, discuss its instantiation, and provide some example inference rules for calculating various scholarly artifact metrics.
RODRIGUEZ, MARKO A. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; BOLLEN, JOHAN [Los Alamos National Laboratory; VAN DE SOMPEL, HERBERT [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Exploiting multi-scale parallelism for large scale numerical modelling of laser wakefield accelerators
A new generation of laser wakefield accelerators, supported by the extreme accelerating fields generated in the interaction of PW-Class lasers and underdense targets, promises the production of high quality electron beams in short distances for multiple applications. Achieving this goal will rely heavily on numerical modeling for further understanding of the underlying physics and identification of optimal regimes, but large scale modeling of these scenarios is computationally heavy and requires efficient use of state-of-the-art Petascale supercomputing systems. We discuss the main difficulties involved in running these simulations and the new developments implemented in the OSIRIS framework to address these issues, ranging from multi-dimensional dynamic load balancing and hybrid distributed / shared memory parallelism to the vectorization of the PIC algorithm. We present the results of the OASCR Joule Metric program on the issue of large scale modeling of LWFA, demonstrating speedups of over 1 order of magni...
Fonseca, Ricardo A; Fi�za, Frederico; Davidson, Asher; Tsung, Frank S; Mori, Warren B; Silva, Lu�s O
Large-Scale Wind Integration Studies in the United States: Preliminary Results
The National Renewable Energy Laboratory, under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Energy, is managing two large-scale wind integration studies. The Western Wind and Solar Integration Study (WWSIS) covers the footprint of WestConnect, a group of transmission owners that covers most of Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, and Wyoming. The Eastern Wind Integration and Transmission Study (EWITS) covers a large part of the Eastern Interconnection, and leverages a large-scale transmission study known as the Joint Coordinated System Plan (JCSP). Both studies analyze the impact of 20-30% wind energy penetration within the study footprint based on energy. This paper discusses key results that have emerged so far from each study, focusing primarily on simulation results based on hourly production simulations. Results from both studies show that high wind penetrations can be successfully integrated into the power system, but depend on sufficient transmission and significant changes in operations.
Milligan, M.; Lew, D.; Corbus, D.; Piwko, R.; Miller, N.; Clark, K.; Jordan, G.; Freeman, L.; Zavadil, B.; Schuerger, M.
A ranking and exploration service based on large-scale usage data
This poster presents the architecture and user interface of a prototype service that was designed to allow end-users to explore the s tructure of science and perform assessments of scholarly impact on the basis of large-scale usage data. The underlying usage data set was constructed by the NIESUR project which collected 1 billion usage events from a wide range of publishers, aggregators and institutional consortia.
Bollen, Johan [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Van De Sompel, Herbert L [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Balakireva, Lyudmila L [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Chute, Ryan M [Los Alamos National Laboratory
A Climatology of Tropical Anvil and Its Relationship to the Large-Scale Circulation
This dissertation uses multiple tools to investigate tropical anvil, i.e., thick, non-precipitating cloud associated with deep convection with the main objectives to provide a climatology of tropics-wide anvil properties and a better understanding of anvil formation, and to provide a more realistic assessment of the radiative impact of tropical anvil on the large-scale circulation. Based on 10 years (1998-2007) of observations, anvil observed by the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Precipitation (PR) shows significant geographical variations, which can be linked to variations in the parent convection. Strong upper level wind shear appears to assist the generation of anvil and may further explain the different anvil statistics over land and ocean. Variations in the large-scale environment appear to play a more important role in anvil production in regions where convection regularly attains heights greater than 7 km. For regions where convection is less deep, variations in the depth of the convection and the large-scale environment likely contribute more equally to anvil generation. Anvil radiative heating profiles are estimated by extrapolating millimeter cloud radar (MMCR) radiative properties from Manus to the 10-year TRMM PR record. When the unconditional anvil areal coverage is taken into account, the anvil radiative heating becomes quite weak, increasing the PR latent heating profile by less than 1 percent at mid and upper levels. Stratiform rain and cirrus radiative heating contributions increase the upper level latent heating by 12 percent. This tropical radiative heating only slightly enhances the latent heating driven model response throughout the tropics, but more significantly over the East Pacific. These modest circulation changes suggest that previous studies may have overemphasized the importance of radiative heating in terms of Walker and Hadley circulation variations. Further, the relationship of cloud radiative heating to latent heating needs to be taken into account for more realistic studies of cloud radiative forcing on the large-scale circulation.
Li, Wei
An Evaluation of the Network Simulators in Large-Scale Distributed Simulations
This is a survey paper about the state-of-the-art in large-scale network simulation. Networks for the smart grids are characterized by millions of sensor nodes exchanging information about the status of the grid. This information exchange must be realized reliably and efficiently due to the mission critical nature of the power grid. Hence, the applications and the network protocols developed for the smart grid need go through rigorous testing and analysis before deployment. Developers usually do not have access to such a large-scale network that can be used as a controlled test-bed; therefore, network simulation becomes an essential tool for testing. Network simulation is a well studied problem in the literature and there are various widely used network simulators. These simulators can be adopted for testing applications and protocols of the smart grid. Due to the scale of these networks, parallel/distributed simulations need to be conducted. Even though most network simulators support distributed simulations, generating a large-scale network model to simulate can still be a cumbersome task. In this survey, we describe a selection of commonly used network simulators and evaluate them with respect to the following features that can aid users in distributed simulations of large-scale networks: transparency of setting up distributed simulation, automated topology generation, information hiding, lightweight routing protocols, network error simulation, evaluation of the network model during simulation and trace analysis tools. As a complementary result, we identify two issues with network simulators that can be addressed with runtime steering methods.
Ciraci, Selim; Akyol, Bora A.
Best Practices and Tools for Large-scale Deployment of Renewable Energy and
Best Practices and Tools for Large-scale Deployment of Renewable Energy and Best Practices and Tools for Large-scale Deployment of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Techniques Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary LAUNCH TOOL Name: Best Practices and Tools for Large-scale Deployment of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Techniques in ESCWA Agency/Company /Organization: United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia Focus Area: Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy, Solar, Wind Topics: Implementation, Policies/deployment programs, Background analysis Resource Type: Lessons learned/best practices Website: www.escwa.un.org/information/publications/edit/upload/sdpd-09-TP3.pdf Country: Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, United Arab Emirates, Yemen UN Region: "Western Asia & North Africa" is not in the list of possible values (Eastern Africa, Middle Africa, Northern Africa, Southern Africa, Western Africa, Caribbean, Central America, South America, Northern America, Central Asia, Eastern Asia, Southern Asia, South-Eastern Asia, Western Asia, Eastern Europe, Northern Europe, Southern Europe, Western Europe, Australia and New Zealand, Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia, Latin America and the Caribbean) for this property.
Mechanism for the suppression of quantum noise at large scales on expanding space
We present an exactly-solvable model for the suppression of quantum noise at large scales on expanding space. The suppression arises naturally in the de Broglie-Bohm pilot-wave formulation of quantum theory, according to which the Born probability rule has a dynamical origin. For a scalar field on a radiation-dominated background we construct the exact solution for the time-evolving wave functional and study properties of the associated field trajectories. It is shown that the time evolution of a field mode on expanding space is mathematically equivalent to that of a standard harmonic oscillator with a 'retarded time' that depends on the wavelength of the mode. In the far super-Hubble regime the equivalent oscillator evolves over only one Hubble time, yielding a simple mechanism whereby relaxation to the Born rule can be suppressed on very large scales. We present numerical simulations illustrating how the expansion of space can cause a retardation of relaxation in the super-Hubble regime. Given these results it is natural to expect a suppression of quantum noise at super-Hubble wavelengths. Such suppression could have taken place in a pre-inflationary era, resulting in a large-scale power deficit in the cosmic microwave background.
Samuel Colin; Antony Valentini
Shear-current effect in a turbulent convection with a large-scale shear
The shear-current effect in a nonrotating homogeneous turbulent convection with a large-scale constant shear is studied. The large-scale velocity shear causes anisotropy of turbulent convection, which produces the mean electromotive force $\\bec{\\cal E}^{(W)} \\propto {\\bf W} {\\bf \\times} {\\bf J}$ and the mean electric current along the original mean magnetic field, where ${\\bf W}$ is the background mean vorticity due to the shear and ${\\bf J}$ is the mean electric current. This results in a large-scale dynamo even in a nonrotating and nonhelical homogeneous sheared turbulent convection, whereby the $\\alpha$ effect vanishes. It is found that turbulent convection promotes the shear-current dynamo instability, i.e., the heat flux causes positive contribution to the shear-current effect. However, there is no dynamo action due to the shear-current effect for small hydrodynamic and magnetic Reynolds numbers even in a turbulent convection, if the spatial scaling for the turbulent correlation time is $\\tau(k) \\propto k^{-2}$, where $k$ is the small-scale wave number.
I. Rogachevskii; N. Kleeorin
The genus of the isodensity contours is a robust measure of the topology of a large-scale structure, and it is relatively insensitive to nonlinear gravitational evolution, galaxy bias, and redshift-space distortion. We show that the growth of density fluctuations is scale dependent even in the linear regime in some modified gravity theories, which opens a new possibility of testing the theories observationally. We propose to use the genus of the isodensity contours, an intrinsic measure of the topology of the large-scale structure, as a statistic to be used in such tests. In Einstein's general theory of relativity, density fluctuations grow at the same rate on all scales in the linear regime, and the genus per comoving volume is almost conserved as structures grow homologously, so we expect that the genus-smoothing-scale relation is basically time independent. However, in some modified gravity models where structures grow with different rates on different scales, the genus-smoothing-scale relation should change over time. This can be used to test the gravity models with large-scale structure observations. We study the cases of the f(R) theory, DGP braneworld theory as well as the parameterized post-Friedmann models. We also forecast how the modified gravity models can be constrained with optical/IR or redshifted 21 cm radio surveys in the near future.
Wang Xin; Chen Xuelei [Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012 (China); Park, Changbom [Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-722 (Korea, Republic of)
Industrial Industrial 8,870,422 44.3% Commercial 3,158,244 15.8% Electric Utilities 2,732,496 13.7% Residential 5,241,414 26.2% Source: Energy Information Administration (EIA), Form EIA-176, "Annual Report of Natural and Supplemental Gas Supply and Disposition." T e x a s L o u i s i a n a C a l i f o r n i a A l l O t h e r S t a t e s 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 30 60 90 120 Trillion Cubic Feet Industrial Billion Cubic Meters T e x a s C a l i f o r n i a F l o r i d a A l l O t h e r S t a t e s 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 30 60 90 120 Trillion Cubic Feet Electric Utilities Billion Cubic Meters N e w Y o r k C a l i f o r n i a I l l i n o i s A l l O t h e r S t a t e s 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 30 60 90 120 Trillion Cubic Feet Commercial Billion Cubic Meters I l l i n o i s C a l i f o r n i a N e w Y o r k A l l O t h e r S t a t e s 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 30 60 90 120 Trillion Cubic Feet Residential Billion Cubic Meters 11. Natural Gas Delivered to Consumers in the United States, 1996 Figure Volumes in Million Cubic Feet Energy Information Administration
BUILDING UNDERWATER AD-HOC NETWORKS AND SENSOR NETWORKS FOR LARGE SCALE REAL-TIME AQUATIC, CT 06269 Gainesville, FL 32611 Abstract-- Large-scale Underwater Ad-hoc Networks (UANET) and Underwater Sensor Networks (UWSN) are novel networking paradigms to explore the uninhabited oceans. How- ever
Cui, Jun-Hong
A membrane-free lithium/polysulfide semi-liquid battery for large-scale energy storage
A membrane-free lithium/polysulfide semi-liquid battery for large-scale energy storage Yuan Yang develop a new lithium/ polysulfide (Li/PS) semi-liquid battery for large-scale energy storage, with lithium polysulfide (Li2S8) in ether solvent as a catholyte and metallic lithium as an anode. Unlike
Cui, Yi
Co-gasification of municipal solid waste and material recovery in a large-scale gasification and melting system
Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer This study evaluates the effects of co-gasification of MSW with MSW bottom ash. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer No significant difference between MSW treatment with and without MSW bottom ash. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer PCDD/DFs yields are significantly low because of the high carbon conversion ratio. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Slag quality is significantly stable and slag contains few hazardous heavy metals. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The final landfill amount is reduced and materials are recovered by DMS process. - Abstract: This study evaluates the effects of co-gasification of municipal solid waste with and without the municipal solid waste bottom ash using two large-scale commercial operation plants. From the viewpoint of operation data, there is no significant difference between municipal solid waste treatment with and without the bottom ash. The carbon conversion ratios are as high as 91.7% and 95.3%, respectively and this leads to significantly low PCDD/DFs yields via complete syngas combustion. The gross power generation efficiencies are 18.9% with the bottom ash and 23.0% without municipal solid waste bottom ash, respectively. The effects of the equivalence ratio are also evaluated. With the equivalence ratio increasing, carbon monoxide concentration is decreased, and carbon dioxide and the syngas temperature (top gas temperature) are increased. The carbon conversion ratio is also increased. These tendencies are seen in both modes. Co-gasification using the gasification and melting system (Direct Melting System) has a possibility to recover materials effectively. More than 90% of chlorine is distributed in fly ash. Low-boiling-point heavy metals, such as lead and zinc, are distributed in fly ash at rates of 95.2% and 92.0%, respectively. Most of high-boiling-point heavy metals, such as iron and copper, are distributed in metal. It is also clarified that slag is stable and contains few harmful heavy metals such as lead. Compared with the conventional waste management framework, 85% of the final landfill amount reduction is achieved by co-gasification of municipal solid waste with bottom ash and incombustible residues. These results indicate that the combined production of slag with co-gasification of municipal solid waste with the bottom ash constitutes an ideal approach to environmental conservation and resource recycling.
Tanigaki, Nobuhiro, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Nippon Steel Engineering Co., Ltd. (Head Office), Osaki Center Building 1-5-1, Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-8604 (Japan); Manako, Kazutaka [Nippon Steel Engineering Co., Ltd., 46-59, Nakabaru, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 804-8505 (Japan); Osada, Morihiro [Nippon Steel Engineering Co., Ltd. (Head Office), Osaki Center Building 1-5-1, Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-8604 (Japan)
MIT Energy Initiative Symposium on Managing Large-Scale Penetration of Intermittent Renewables | April 20, 2011 C Managing Large-Scale
EI7135_Industrielle_Energiewirtschaft.xls Allgemeine Daten: Modulnummer: EI7135 Modulbezeichnung (dt.): Industrielle Energiewirtschaft Modulbezeichnung (en.): Industrial Energy Economy Modulniveau Folgesemester: Wiederholung auch am Semesterende: Modulbeschreibung Seite 1 von 4 #12;EI7135_Industrielle_Energiewirtschaft
Polz, Martin
Synthesis of ordered large-scale ZnO nanopore arrays
An effective approach is demonstrated for growing ordered large-scale ZnO nanopore arrays through radio-frequency magnetron sputtering deposition on porous alumina membranes (PAMs). The realization of highly ordered hexagonal ZnO nanopore arrays benefits from the unique properties of ZnO (hexagonal structure, polar surfaces, and preferable growth directions) and PAMs (controllable hexagonal nanopores and localized negative charges). Further evidence has been shown through the effects of nanorod size and thermal treatment of PAMs on the yielded morphology of ZnO nanopore arrays. This approach opens the possibility of creating regular semiconducting nanopore arrays for the application of filters, sensors, and templates.
Ding, G.Q.; Shen, W.Z.; Zheng, M.J.; Fan, D.H. [Laboratory of Condensed Matter Spectroscopy and Opto-Electronic Physics, Department of Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Hua Shan Road, Shanghai 200030 (China)
Non-linearity of large-scale structure formation in the Universe
In the standard picture of cosmological structure formation, the Universe we see today is evolved under the gravitational instability from tiny random fluctuations. In this talk I discuss the onset of non-linearity in the large scale structure formation of the Universe when the linear perturbation theory break downs. Using 1D Zel'dovich Approximation which provides an exact solution for density evolution, I illustrate two effects: mode spawning and mode merging and their connection to mode coupling. Those mode couplings (quadratic, cubic >...etc.) from gravitational clustering are in fact what the polyspectra (bispectrum, trispectrum...etc.) are meant to measure.
Lung-Yih Chiang
Chiang, L Y
rotary) Brazil China India Mexico Energy and Carbon Dioxideenergy intensity values for Brazil, China, India, and Mexico,energy intensity values for Brazil, China, India and Mexico,
Today: Live from the Carbon Capture and Storage Forum | Department of
Today: Live from the Carbon Capture and Storage Forum Today: Live from the Carbon Capture and Storage Forum Today: Live from the Carbon Capture and Storage Forum September 8, 2010 - 10:10am Addthis John Schueler John Schueler Former New Media Specialist, Office of Public Affairs Earlier this week Secretary Chu announced $575 Million dollars in funding for 22 projects across 15 states, projects that will accelerate carbon capture and storage research and development for industrial sources. The selections include projects from four different areas of carbon capture and storage (CCS) research and development: 1) Large scale testing of advanced gasification technologies; 2) advanced turbo-machinery to lower emissions from industrial sources; 3) post-combustion CO2 capture with increased efficiencies and decreased costs; and 4) geologic storage site
EA-1846: Demonstration of Carbon Dioxide Capture and Sequestration...
46: Demonstration of Carbon Dioxide Capture and Sequestration of Steam Methane Reforming Process Gas Used for Large-Scale Hydrogen Production, Port Arthur, Texas EA-1846:...
emissions. In this paper, energy use and CO 2 emissions ofinformation, this paper estimates industrial energy-relatedenergy-intensive products. Emissions from manufacturing of textiles, and paper
Strategies for Low Carbon Growth In India: Industry and Non Residential Sectors
9 Table 4. International Estimates of Energy Consumption in16 Table 10. Industrial energy consumption, India in 2003-25. India Specific energy consumption, including feedstock (
Sathaye, Jayant
Efficiency Scenario (non-residential sector only) � AssumesIndia: Industry and Non Residential Sectors Jayant Sathaye,and support. The Non Residential sector analysis benefited
Gauss-Bonnet Quintessence: Background Evolution, Large Scale Structure and Cosmological Constraints
We investigate a string-inspired dark energy scenario featuring a scalar field with a coupling to the Gauss-Bonnet invariant. Such coupling can trigger the onset of late dark energy domination after a scaling matter era. The universe may then cross the phantom divide and perhaps also exit from the acceleration. We discuss extensively the cosmological and astrophysical implications of the coupled scalar field. Data from the Solar system, supernovae Ia, cosmic microwave background radiation, large scale structure and big bang nucleosynthesis is used to constrain the parameters of the model. A good Newtonian limit may require to fix the coupling. With all the data combined, there appears to be some tension with the nucleosynthesis bound, and the baryon oscillation scale seems to strongly disfavor the model. These possible problems might be overcome in more elaborate models. In addition, the validity of these constraints in the present context is not strictly established. Evolution of fluctuations in the scalar field and their impact to clustering of matter is studied in detail and more model-independently. Small scale limit is derived for the perturbations and their stability is addressed. A divergence is found and discussed. The general equations for scalar perturbations are also presented and solved numerically, confirming that the Gauss-Bonnet coupling can be compatible with the observed spectrum of cosmic microwave background radiation as well as the matter power spectrum inferred from large scale surveys.
Tomi Koivisto; David F. Mota
First Large Scale Production of Low Radioactivity Argon From Underground Sources
We report on the first large-scale production of low radioactivity argon from underground gas wells. Low radioactivity argon is of general interest, in particular for the construction of large scale WIMP dark matter searches and detectors of reactor neutrinos for non-proliferation efforts. Atmospheric argon has an activity of about 1 Bq/kg from the decays of 39Ar; the concentration of 39Ar in the underground argon we are collecting is at least a factor of 100 lower than this value. The argon is collected from a stream of gas from a CO2 well in southwestern Colorado with a Vacuum Pressure Swing Adsorption (VPSA) plant. The gas from the well contains argon at a concentration of 400-600 ppm, and the VPSA plant produces an output stream with an argon concentration at the level of 30,000-50,000 ppm (3-5%) in a single pass. This gas is sent for further processing to Fermilab where it is purified by cryogenic distillation. The argon production rate is presently 0.5 kg/day.
Back, Henning O; Condon, Christopher; de Haas, Ernst; Ford, Richard; Galbiati, Cristiano; Goretti, Augusto; Hohman, Tristan; Inanni, Andrea; Loer, Ben; Montanari, David; Nelson, Allan; Pocar, Andrea
On the Velocity in the Effective Field Theory of Large Scale Structures
We compute the renormalized two-point functions of density, divergence and vorticity of the velocity in the Effective Field Theory of Large Scale Structures. We show that the mass-weighted velocity, as opposed to the volume-weighted velocity, is the natural variable to use. We then prove that, Because of momentum and mass conservation, the corrections from short scales to the large-scale power spectra of density, divergence and vorticity must start at order $k^{4}$. For the vorticity this constitutes the leading term. Exact (approximated) self-similarity of an Einstein-de Sitter ($\\Lambda$CDM) background fixes the time dependence so that the vorticity power spectrum at leading order is uniquely determined, up to a normalization, by the symmetries of the problem. Focusing on density and velocity divergence, we show that the current formulation of the theory does not have enough counterterms to cancel all divergences. At the lowest order, the missing terms are a new stochastic noise and a heat conduction term in the continuity equation. For an Einstein de Sitter universe, we show that all three renormalized cross- and auto-correlation functions have the same structure but different numerical coefficients, which we compute. Using momentum instead of velocity, one can re-absorb the new terms and work with an uncorrected continuity equation but at the cost of having uncancelled IR divergences in equal-time correlators and a more complicated perturbation theory.
Lorenzo Mercolli; Enrico Pajer
We present an exactly-solvable model for the suppression of quantum noise at large scales on expanding space. The suppression arises naturally in the de Broglie-Bohm pilot-wave formulation of quantum theory, according to which the Born probability rule has a dynamical origin. For a scalar field on a radiation-dominated background we construct the exact solution for the time-evolving wave functional and study properties of the associated field trajectories. It is shown that the time evolution of a field mode on expanding space is mathematically equivalent to that of a standard harmonic oscillator with a 'retarded time' that depends on the wavelength of the mode. In the far super-Hubble regime the equivalent oscillator evolves over only one Hubble time, yielding a simple mechanism whereby relaxation to the Born rule can be suppressed on very large scales. We present numerical simulations illustrating how the expansion of space can cause a retardation of relaxation in the super-Hubble regime. Given these results...
Colin, Samuel
The advent of highly accurate, large scale volumetric simulations has made data analysis and visualization techniques an integral part of the modern scientific process. To develop new insights from raw data, scientists need the ability to define features of interest in a flexible manner and to understand how changes in the feature definition impact the subsequent analysis of the data. Therefore, simply exploring the raw data is not sufficient. This paper presents a new topological framework for the analysis of large scale, time-varying, turbulent combustion simulations. It allows the scientists to explore interactively the complete parameter space of fuel consumption thresholds for an entire time-dependent combustion simulation. By computing augmented merge trees and their corresponding data segmentations, the system allows the user complete flexibility to segment, select, and track burning cells through time thanks to a linked view interface. We developed this technique in the context of low-swirl turbulent pre-mixed flame simulation analysis, where the topological abstractions enable an efficient tracking through time of the burning cells and provide new qualitative and quantitative insights into the dynamics of the combustion process.
Bremer, P; Weber, G; Tierny, J; Pascucci, V; Day, M; Bell, J
Parallel supercomputing: Advanced methods, algorithms, and software for large-scale linear and nonlinear problems
The program outlined here is directed to research on methods, algorithms, and software for distributed parallel supercomputers. Of particular interest are finite element methods and finite difference methods together with sparse iterative solution schemes for scientific and engineering computations of very large-scale systems. Both linear and nonlinear problems will be investigated. In the nonlinear case, applications with bifurcation to multiple solutions will be considered using continuation strategies. The parallelizable numerical methods of particular interest are a family of partitioning schemes embracing domain decomposition, element-by-element strategies, and multi-level techniques. The methods will be further developed incorporating parallel iterative solution algorithms with associated preconditioners in parallel computer software. The schemes will be implemented on distributed memory parallel architectures such as the CRAY MPP, Intel Paragon, the NCUBE3, and the Connection Machine. We will also consider other new architectures such as the Kendall-Square (KSQ) and proposed machines such as the TERA. The applications will focus on large-scale three-dimensional nonlinear flow and reservoir problems with strong convective transport contributions. These are legitimate grand challenge class computational fluid dynamics (CFD) problems of significant practical interest to DOE. The methods developed and algorithms will, however, be of wider interest.
Carey, G.F.; Young, D.M.
The effect of a fifth large-scale space-time dimension on orbital dynamics
A model based on simple assumptions about 4-dimensional space-time being closed and isotropic, and embedded in a 5th large-scale dimension, r, representing the radius of curvature of space-time, has been used in an application of Newton's Second Law to describe a system with angular momentum. It has been found that the equations of MOND used to explain the rotation curves of galaxies appear as a limit within this derivation and that there is a universal acceleration constant, ao, with a value, again consistent with that used by MOND. This approach does not require modification of Newtonian dynamics, only its extension into a fifth large-scale dimension. The transition from the classical Newtonian dynamics to the MOND regime emerges naturally and without the introduction of arbitrary fitting functions, if this 5-dimensional model is adopted. The paper also includes the derivation of an effect in 5-dimensional orbital dynamics which is in reasonable agreement with the observed Pioneer Anomaly.
M. B. Gerrard; T. J. Sumner
Connecting the Physical Properties of Galaxies with the Overdensity and Tidal Shear of the Large-Scale Environment
We have examined the correlations between the large-scale environment of galaxies and their physical properties, using a sample of 28,354 nearby galaxies drawn from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, and the large-scale tidal field reconstructed in real space from the 2Mass Redshift Survey and smoothed over a radius of $\\sim 6 h^{-1}$Mpc. The large-scale environment is expressed in terms of the overdensity, the ellipticity of the shear and the type of the large-scale structure. The physical properties analyzed include $r$-band absolute magnitude $M_{^{0.1}r}$, stellar mass $M_\\ast$, $g-r$ colour, concentration parameter $R_{90}/R_{50}$ and surface stellar mass density $\\mu_\\ast$. Both luminosity and stellar mass are found to be statistically linked to the large-scale environment, regardless of how the environment is quantified. More luminous (massive) galaxies reside preferentially in the regions with higher densities, lower ellipticities and halo-like structures. At fixed luminosity, the large-scale overdensity depends strongly on parameters related to the recent star formation history, that is colour and D(4000), but is almost independent of the structural parameters $R_{90}/R_{50}$ and $\\mu_\\ast$. All the physical properties are statistically linked to the shear of the large-scale environment even when the large-scale density is constrained to a narrow range. This statistical link has been found to be most significant in the quasi-linear regions where the large-scale density approximates to an order of unity, but no longer significant in highly nonlinear regimes with $\\delta_{\\rm LS}\\gg 1$.
Jounghun Lee; Cheng Li
Presentation 2.3: The sustainable forest products industry, carbon and climate change Mikael Hannus
consumption within the industry. · To assist in the efforts to reduce society's energy use and greenhouse gas emissions, the forest products industry can - become more energy efficient and increase its share of biomass in energy production; - help supply society with increasing amounts of wood and fibre for use as a raw
NETL: Carbon Storage - Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum
CSLF Carbon Storage Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum CSLF Logo The Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF) is a voluntary climate initiative of industrially developed and...
Regional climate consequences of large-scale cool roof and photovoltaic
climate consequences of large-scale cool roof and photovoltaic climate consequences of large-scale cool roof and photovoltaic array deployment Title Regional climate consequences of large-scale cool roof and photovoltaic array deployment Publication Type Journal Article Year of Publication 2011 Authors Millstein, Dev, and Surabi Menon Journal Environmental Research Letters Volume 6 Start Page 1 Pagination 9 Date Published 07/2011 Keywords co2 offsets, cool roof, photovoltaics, radiative forcing, urban environment Abstract Modifications to the surface albedo through the deployment of cool roofs and pavements (reflective materials) and photovoltaic arrays (low reflection) have the potential to change radiative forcing, surface temperatures, and regional weather patterns. In this work we investigate the regional climate and radiative effects of modifying surface albedo to mimic massive deployment of cool surfaces (roofs and pavements) and, separately, photovoltaic arrays across the United States. We use a fully coupled regional climate model, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, to investigate feedbacks between surface albedo changes, surface temperature, precipitation and average cloud cover. With the adoption of cool roofs and pavements, domain-wide annual average outgoing radiation increased by 0.16 ± 0.03 W m-2 (mean ± 95% C.I.) and afternoon summertime temperature in urban locations was reduced by 0.11-0.53 "C, although some urban areas showed no statistically significant temperature changes. In response to increased urban albedo, some rural locations showed summer afternoon temperature increases of up to +0.27 "C and these regions were correlated with less cloud cover and lower precipitation. The emissions offset obtained by this increase in outgoing radiation is calculated to be 3.3 ± 0.5 Gt CO2 (mean ± 95% C.I.). The hypothetical solar arrays were designed to be able to produce one terawatt of peak energy and were located in the Mojave Desert of California. To simulate the arrays, the desert surface albedo was darkened, causing local afternoon temperature increases of up to +0.4 "C. Due to the solar arrays, local and regional wind patterns within a 300 km radius were affected. Statistically significant but lower magnitude changes to temperature and radiation could be seen across the domain due to the introduction of the solar arrays. The addition of photovoltaic arrays caused no significant change to summertime outgoing radiation when averaged over the full domain, as interannual variation across the continent obscured more consistent local forcing.
climate consequences of large-scale cool roof and photovoltaic climate consequences of large-scale cool roof and photovoltaic array deployment Title Regional climate consequences of large-scale cool roof and photovoltaic array deployment Publication Type Journal Article Year of Publication 2011 Authors Millstein, Dev, and Surabi Menon Journal Environmental Research Letters Volume 6 Start Page 1 Pagination 9 Date Published 07/2011 Keywords co2 offsets, cool roofs, photovoltaics, radiative forcing, urban environment Abstract Modifications to the surface albedo through the deployment of cool roofs and pavements (reflective materials) and photovoltaic arrays (low reflection) have the potential to change radiative forcing, surface temperatures, and regional weather patterns. In this work we investigate the regional climate and radiative effects of modifying surface albedo to mimic massive deployment of cool surfaces (roofs and pavements) and, separately, photovoltaic arrays across the United States. We use a fully coupled regional climate model, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, to investigate feedbacks between surface albedo changes, surface temperature, precipitation and average cloud cover. With the adoption of cool roofs and pavements, domain-wide annual average outgoing radiation increased by 0.16 ± 0.03 W m-2 (mean ± 95% C.I.) and afternoon summertime temperature in urban locations was reduced by 0.11-0.53 "C, although some urban areas showed no statistically significant temperature changes. In response to increased urban albedo, some rural locations showed summer afternoon temperature increases of up to +0.27 "C and these regions were correlated with less cloud cover and lower precipitation. The emissions offset obtained by this increase in outgoing radiation is calculated to be 3.3 ± 0.5 Gt CO2 (mean ± 95% C.I.). The hypothetical solar arrays were designed to be able to produce one terawatt of peak energy and were located in the Mojave Desert of California. To simulate the arrays, the desert surface albedo was darkened, causing local afternoon temperature increases of up to +0.4 "C. Due to the solar arrays, local and regional wind patterns within a 300 km radius were affected. Statistically significant but lower magnitude changes to temperature and radiation could be seen across the domain due to the introduction of the solar arrays. The addition of photovoltaic arrays caused no significant change to summertime outgoing radiation when averaged over the full domain, as interannual variation across the continent obscured more consistent local forcing.
CATASTROPHIC EVENTS What is a catastrophic or large-scale event?
. Release of a hazardous chemical from a nearby industrial plant or nuclear power reactor. Evacuation accidents involving toxic substances and also from releases from industrial or nuclear power reactors. What
Belogay, Eugene A.
On the Effects of Large-Scale Environment and Surface Types on Convective Cloud Characteristics over Darwin, Australia
Two seasons of Darwin, Australia, C-band polarimetric (CPOL) research radar, radiosoundings, and lightning data are examined to study the relative influence of the large-scale atmospheric regimes and the underlying surface types on tropical ...
Vickal V. Kumar; Alain Protat; Peter T. May; Christian Jakob; Guillaume Penide; Sushil Kumar; Laura Davies
Interannual Variability of Rhine River Streamflow and Its Relationship with Large-Scale Anomaly Patterns in Spring and Autumn
Interannual-to-decadal variability of Rhine River streamflow and their relationship with large-scale climate anomaly patterns for spring [March�May (MAM)] and autumn [September�November (SON)] are investigated through a statistical analysis of ...
Monica Ionita; Gerrit Lohmann; Norel Rimbu; Silvia Chelcea
The Role of the state in large-scale hydropower development perspectives from Chile, Ecuador, and Per�
In recent years, governments in South America have turned to large-scale hydropower as a cost-effective way to improve livelihoods while addressing the energy 'trilemma': ensuring that future energy technologies provide ...
Zambrano-Barrag�n, Patricio Xavier
The Role of Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulation in the Relationship between Tropical Convection and Sea Surface Temperature
In this paper, the authors study the influence of the large-scale atmospheric circulation on the relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) and tropical convection inferred from outgoing longwave radiation (OLR). They find that under ...
K-M. Lau; H-T. Wu; S. Bony
Model As-of Right Zoning Ordinance or Bylaw: Allowing Use of Large-Scale Solar Energy Facilities
Note: This model ordinance was designed to provide guidance to local governments seeking to develop siting rules for large-scale, ground-mounted solar (250 kW and above). While it was developed as...
Volcanic Eruptions, Large-Scale Modes in the Northern Hemisphere, and the El Ni�o�Southern Oscillation
The author analyzes the impact of 13 major stratospheric aerosol producing volcanic eruptions since 1870 on the large-scale variability modes of sea level pressure in the Northern Hemisphere winter. The paper focuses on the Arctic Oscillation (AO)...
Bo Christiansen
Large-Scale Structure of the June�July 1996 Marine Boundary Layer along California and Oregon
Data from surface stations, profilers, long-range aircraft surveys, and satellites were used to characterize the large-scale structure of the marine boundary layer off of California and Oregon during June and July 1996. To supplement these ...
C. E. Dorman; T. Holt; D. P. Rogers; K. Edwards
D EVELOPMENT I SSUES Solar Power in the Desert: Are the2 Most of the large-scale solar power projects utilize largethat will be affected by solar power facilities. There are
Agile project dynamics : a strategic project management approach to the study of large-scale software development using system dynamics
Large-scale software engineering organizations have traditionally used plan-driven, heavyweight, waterfall-style approaches for the planning, execution, and monitoring of software development efforts. This approach often ...
Glaiel, Firas (Firas S.)
Surface Layer Transport of Sulfate Particles in the Western United States by the Large-Scale Wind Field
The transport patterns of fine sulfur aerosols in the western United States are shown. The large-scale resultant horizontal flux was computed in terms of that contributed by the mean flux versus that contributed by a turbulence, or eddy, ...
Lowell L. Ashbaugh; Leonard O. Myrup; Robert G. Flocchini
Large-Scale Atlantic Salinity Changes over the Last Half-Century: A Model�Observation Comparison
Large-scale freshening of the northern Atlantic, and concurrent salinity increases in the low-latitude Atlantic upper layers, have been widely reported for the second half of the twentieth century. The role of anthropogenic and/or unforced ...
Anne Pardaens; Michael Vellinga; Peili Wu; Bruce Ingleby
Lee vorticity Production by Large-Scale Tropical Mountain Ranges. Part I: Eastern North Pacific Tropical Cyclogenesis
Numerical simulations using the Penn State University/NCAR MM4 model are performed to examine a dry, stably stratified, zonal easterly flow past a large-scale three-dimensional mountain range in a rotating, initially barotropic, atmosphere. ...
Joel B. Mozer; Joseph A. Zehnder
Generation of acoustic-gravity waves in ionospheric HF heating experiments : simulating large-scale natural heat sources
In this thesis, we investigate the potential role played by large-scale anomalous heat sources (e.g. prolonged heat wave events) in generating acoustic-gravity waves (AGWs) that might trigger widespread plasma turbulence ...
Pradipta, Rezy
Copyright 2013 IEEE. Reprinted, with permission from: CERTS Microgrid Demonstration with Large-Scale Energy Storage and
improving system reliability and optimizing the use of on-site generation to reduce energy costs) with new large- scale energy storage (2-MW, 4-MWh battery), static disconnect switch (12 kV, 300 Amps
Underwater photomosaic system $40,000 Sandin is working to develop a new tool to take large-scale
Underwater photomosaic system $40,000 Sandin is working to develop a new tool to take large-scale photographs of the underwater environment. The effort comes in capturing many hi-resolution images
Russell, Lynn
A Statistical Framework to Identify the Influence of Large-Scale Weather Events on Regional Air Pollution
Regional air pollution episodes occur as a result of increased emissions and prevalence of conducive meteorological conditions. The frequency of occurrence of such favorable conditions on a regional scale may be influenced by large-scale climatic ...
Angadh Singh; Ahmet Palazoglu
Comparison between the Large-Scale Environments of Moderate and Intense Precipitating Systems in the Mediterranean Region
A characterization of the large-scale environment associated with precipitating systems in the Mediterranean region, based mainly on NOAA-16 Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) observations from 2001 to 2007, is presented. Channels 5, 7, and ...
Beatriz M. Funatsu; Chantal Claud; Jean-Pierre Chaboureau
The Association of Large-Scale Climate Variability and Teleconnections on Wind Energy Resource over Europe and its Intermittency
In times of increasing importance of wind power in the world�s energy mix, this study focuses on a better understanding of the influences of large-scale climate variability on wind power resource over Europe. The impact ...
Kriesche, Pascal
A Poisson Regression Index for Tropical Cyclone Genesis and the Role of Large-Scale Vorticity in Genesis
A Poisson regression between the observed climatology of tropical cyclogenesis (TCG) and large-scale climate variables is used to construct a TCG index. The regression methodology is objective and provides a framework for the selection of the ...
Michael K. Tippett; Suzana J. Camargo; Adam H. Sobel
Influence of Large-Scale Flow Regimes on Cool-Season Precipitation in the Northeastern United States
The influence of large-scale flow regimes on cool-season (November�April) northeastern U.S. (Northeast) precipitation is investigated for the period 1948�2003 from statistical and synoptic perspectives. These perspectives are addressed through (i)...
Heather M. Archambault; Lance F. Bosart; Daniel Keyser; Anantha R. Aiyyer
Sea Surface Temperature and Large-Scale Circulation Influences on Tropical Greenhouse Effect and Cloud Radiative Forcing
Two independent sets of meteorological reanalyses are used to investigate relationships between the tropical sea surface temperature (SST) and the large-scale vertical motion of the atmosphere for spatial and seasonal variations, as well as for ...
S. Bony; K-M. Lau; Y. C. Sud
Large-Scale Flow Patterns and Their Influence on the Intensification Rates of Western North Pacific Tropical Storms
NCEP�NCAR reanalysis data are used to identify large-scale environmental flow patterns around western North Pacific tropical storms with the goal of finding a signal for those most favorable for rapid intensification, based on the hypothesis that ...
Justin D. Ventham; Bin Wang
Spatial and Annual Variations in the Diurnal Cycle of Large-Scale Tropical Convective Cloudiness and Precipitation
Three years of three-hourly infrared satellite data from the American geostationary satellites were used to determine the large-scale spatial and temporal variations in the diurnal cycle of tropical convective precipitation. The region examined ...
Bernard N. Meisner; Phillip A. Arkin
On the Potential Impact of Irrigated Areas in North America on Summer Rainfall Caused by Large-Scale Systems
The potential impact of the increase in irrigated areas in North America during the past 100 years on summer rainfall associated with medium- to large-scale precipitation systems is evaluated conceptually and by several illustrative numerical ...
M. Segal; Z. Pan; R. W. Turner; E. S. Takle
Impact of potential large-scale irrigation on the West African Monsoon and its dependence on location of irrigated area
This study investigates the impact of potential large-scale irrigation on the West African Monsoon using the MIT Regional Climate Model (MRCM). A new irrigation module is implemented to assess the impact of location and scheduling of irrigation on ...
Eun-Soon Im; Marc P. Marcella; Elfatih A. B. Eltahir
key resources for national energy consumption data in ChinaNBS published 2008 national energy consumption by industrialnational level, carbon emission factors for electricity consumption are calculated based on the energy
Strong effect of weak diffusion on scalar turbulence at large scales
Passive scalar turbulence forced steadily is characterized by the velocity correlation scale, $L$, injection scale, $l$, and diffusive scale, $r_d$. The scales are well separated if the diffusivity is small, $r_d\\ll l,L$, and one normally says that effects of diffusion are confined to smaller scales, $r\\ll r_d$. However, if the velocity is single scale one finds that a weak dependence of the scalar correlations on the molecular diffusivity persists to even larger scales, e.g. $l\\gg r\\gg r_d$ \\cite{95BCKL}. We consider the case of $L\\gg l$ and report a counter-intuitive result -- the emergence of a new range of large scales, $L\\gg r\\gg l^2/r_d$, where the diffusivity shows a strong effect on scalar correlations.
M. Chertkov; I. Kolokolov; V. Lebedev
Conceptual Framework and Levels of Abstraction for a Complex Large-Scale System
A conceptual framework and levels of abstraction are created to apply across all potential threats. Bioterrorism is used as a complex example to describe the general framework. Bioterrorism is unlimited with respect to the use of a specific agent, mode of dissemination, and potential target. Because the threat is open-ended, there is a strong need for a common, systemic understanding of attack scenarios related to bioterrorism. In recognition of this large-scale complex problem, systems are being created to define, design and use the proper level of abstraction and conceptual framework in bioterrorism. The wide variety of biological agents and delivery mechanisms provide an opportunity for dynamic scale changes by the linking or interlinking of existing threat components. Concurrent impacts must be separated and evaluated in terms of a given environment and/or �abstraction framework.�
Simpson, Mary J.
Large scale integration based, signal processor-its application and possible evolution
The micro-vector processor (MVP) is designed for applications ranging from expendable single-processor weapons and buoys to large multiprocessor federated systems. Multiple applications, easy reprogrammability, and low-power operation were achieved with an architecture that provides high throughput at moderate clock rates and maximum use of lsi circuts. The MVP software design includes support for both application programming in high-level language and implementation of signal-processing algorithms in a symbolic microprogramming language. These two programmability levels reduce software costs for new applications and for changing requirements. Two examples are used to illustrate MVP applications: cruise missile guidance and a multichannel acoustic beamformer. The MVP architecture, or some close derivative, is considered suitable for reimplementation in very large-scale integration. 2 references.
Harland, W.L.; Carvell, R. Jr.
A review of large-scale LNG spills : experiment and modeling.
The prediction of the possible hazards associated with the storage and transportation of liquefied natural gas (LNG) by ship has motivated a substantial number of experimental and analytical studies. This paper reviews the experimental and analytical work performed to date on large-scale spills of LNG. Specifically, experiments on the dispersion of LNG, as well as experiments of LNG fires from spills on water and land are reviewed. Explosion, pool boiling, and rapid phase transition (RPT) explosion studies are described and discussed, as well as models used to predict dispersion and thermal hazard distances. Although there have been significant advances in understanding the behavior of LNG spills, technical knowledge gaps to improve hazard prediction are identified. Some of these gaps can be addressed with current modeling and testing capabilities. A discussion of the state of knowledge and recommendations to further improve the understanding of the behavior of LNG spills on water is provided.
Luketa-Hanlin, Anay Josephine
Molecular Dynamics Simulations from SNL's Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator (LAMMPS)
DOE Data Explorer (OSTI)
LAMMPS (http://lammps.sandia.gov/index.html) stands for Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator and is a code that can be used to model atoms or, as the LAMMPS website says, as a parallel particle simulator at the atomic, meso, or continuum scale. This Sandia-based website provides a long list of animations from large simulations. These were created using different visualization packages to read LAMMPS output, and each one provides the name of the PI and a brief description of the work done or visualization package used. See also the static images produced from simulations at http://lammps.sandia.gov/pictures.html The foundation paper for LAMMPS is: S. Plimpton, Fast Parallel Algorithms for Short-Range Molecular Dynamics, J Comp Phys, 117, 1-19 (1995), but the website also lists other papers describing contributions to LAMMPS over the years.
Plimpton, Steve; Thompson, Aidan; Crozier, Paul
Improving Performance of Power Systems with Large-scale Variable Generation Additions
A power system with large-scale renewable resources, like wind and solar generation, creates significant challenges to system control performance and reliability characteristics because of intermittency and uncertainties associated with variable generation. It is important to quantify these uncertainties, and then incorporate this information into decision-making processes and power system operations. This paper presents three approaches to evaluate the flexibility needed from conventional generators and other resources in the presence of variable generation as well as provide this flexibility from a non-traditional resource � wide area energy storage system. These approaches provide operators with much-needed information on the likelihood and magnitude of ramping and capacity problems, and the ability to dispatch available resources in response to such problems.
Makarov, Yuri V.; Etingov, Pavel V.; Samaan, Nader A.; Lu, Ning; Ma, Jian; Subbarao, Krishnappa; Du, Pengwei; Kannberg, Landis D.
Large scale shell model calculations for even-even $^{62-66}$Fe isotopes
The recently measured experimental data of Legnaro National Laboratories on neutron rich even isotopes of $^{62-66}$Fe with A=62,64,66 have been interpreted in the framework of large scale shell model. Calculations have been performed with a newly derived effective interaction GXPF1A in full $\\it{fp}$ space without truncation. The experimental data is very well explained for $^{62}$Fe, satisfactorily reproduced for $^{64}$Fe and poorly fitted for $^{66}$Fe. The increasing collectivity reflected in experimental data when approaching N=40 is not reproduced in calculated values. This indicates that whereas the considered valence space is adequate for $^{62}$Fe, inclusion of higher orbits from $\\it{sdg}$ shell is required for describing $^{66}$Fe.
P. C. Srivastava; I. Mehrotra
Large scale test simulations using the Virtual Environment for Test Optimization (VETO)
The Virtual Environment for Test Optimization (VETO) is a set of simulation tools under development at Sandia to enable test engineers to do computer simulations of tests. The tool set utilizes analysis codes and test information to optimize design parameters and to provide an accurate model of the test environment which aides in the maximization of test performance, training, and safety. Previous VETO effort has included the development of two structural dynamics simulation modules that provide design and optimization tools for modal and vibration testing. These modules have allowed test engineers to model and simulate complex laboratory testing, to evaluate dynamic response behavior, and to investigate system testability. Further development of the VETO tool set will address the accurate modeling of large scale field test environments at Sandia. These field test environments provide weapon system certification capabilities and have different simulation requirements than those of laboratory testing.
Klenke, S.E.; Heffelfinger, S.R.; Bell, H.J.; Shierling, C.L.
BCS MPI: N new approach i the system software design for large-scale parallel computers
Buffered Co-Scheduled (BCS) MPI proposes a new approach to design the communication libraries for large-scale parallel machines. The emphasis of BCS MPI is on the global coordination of a large number of processes rather than in the traditional optimization of the local performance of a pair of communicating processes. BCS MPI delays the interprocessor communication in order to schedule globally the communication pattern and it is designed on top of a minimal set of collective communication primitives. In this paper we describe a prototype implementation of BCS MDI and its Communication protocols. The experimental results, executed on a set of scientific applications representative of the ASCI workload, show that BCS MPI is only marginally slower than the production-level MPI, but much simpler to implement, debug and analyze.
Fern�ndez, J. C. (Juan C.); Petrini, F. (Fabrizio); Frachtenberg, E. (Eitan)
BCS MPI: a new approach in the software design for large-scale parallel computers
BCS MPI proposes a new approach to design the communication libraries for large scale parallel machines. The emphasis of BCS MPI is on the global coordination of the potentially large number of processes and in the reduction of the non determinism rather than in the traditional optimization of the local performance of a pair of communicating processes. BCS MPI delays the interprocessor communication in order to schedule globally the communication pattern and it is designed on top of a minimal set of collective communication primitives. In this paper we describe a prototype implementation of BCS MPI and its communication protocols. The experimental results, executed on a set of scientific applications representative of the ASCI workload, show that BCS MPI is only marginally slower than the production-level MPI, but much simpler to implement, debug and analyze.
Peinador, J. F. (Juan Fernandez); Petrini, F. (Fabrizio)
Data Analysis and Visualization Environments for Large Scale Simulation as presented by
Sandia National Laboratories has been researching data analysis and visualization through several approaches. They have been research partners on several large open source projects as well as commercial and classified projects. Current research is centered around cluster solutions based largely on consumer hardware. Constantine Pavlakos outlined the historical research and the motivating problems behind the modern visualization efforts underway at SNL. The basic problem is that the data produced by large scale simulations is far too large to be handled sloppily. The data sets Mr. Pavlakos presented as examples were often on the order of half a petabyte in size. To address many of the issues associated with data sets of this scale Sandia has pursued cluster based solutions. I have a personal interest in this solution, and have experimented with the power wall that the UNM CS department
Constantine Pavlakos; Christopher E. Davis
Large-scale Gadolinium-doped Water Cerenkov Detector for Non-Proliferation
Fission events from Special Nuclear Material (SNM), such as highly enriched uranium or plutonium, can produce simultaneous emission of multiple neutrons and high energy gamma-rays. The observation of time correlations between any of these particles is a significant indicator of the presence of fissionable material. Cosmogenic processes can also mimic these types of correlated signals. However, if the background is sufficiently low and fully characterized, significant changes in the correlated event rate in the presence of a target of interest constitutes a robust signature of the presence of SNM. Since fission emissions are isotropic, adequate sensitivity to these multiplicities requires a high efficiency detector with a large solid angle with respect to the target. Water Cerenkov detectors are a cost-effective choice when large solid angle coverage is required. In order to characterize the neutron detection performance of large-scale water Cerenkov detectors, we have designed and built a 3.5 kL water Cerenko...
Sweany, M; Bowden, N S; Dazeley, S; Keefer, G; Svoboda, R; Tripathi, M
Large-scale three-dimensional geothermal reservoir simulation on small computer systems
The performance of TOUGH2, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory`s general purpose simulator for mass and heat flow and transport enhanced with the addition of a set of preconditioned conjugate gradient solvers, was tested on three PCs (486-33, 486-66, Pentium-90), a MacIntosh Quadra 800, and a workstation IBM RISC 6000. A two-phase, single porosity, 3-D geothermal reservoir model with 1,411 irregular grid blocks, with production from and injection into the reservoir was used as the test model. The code modifications to TOUGH2 and its setup in each machine environment are described. Computational work per time step and CPU time requirements are reported for each of the machines used. It is concluded that the current PCs provide the best price/performance platform for running large-scale geothermal field simulations that just a few years ago could only be executed on mainframe computers and high-end workstations.
Antunez, E.; Moridis, G.; Pruess, K.
Modulational instability, wave breaking and formation of large scale dipoles in the atmosphere
In the present Letter we use the Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) of the Navier-Stokes equation for a two-phase flow (water and air) to study the dynamics of the modulational instability of free surface waves and its contribution to the interaction between ocean and atmosphere. If the steepness of the initial wave is large enough, we observe a wave breaking and the formation of large scale dipole structures in the air. Because of the multiple steepening and breaking of the waves under unstable wave packets, a train of dipoles is released and propagate in the atmosphere at a height comparable with the wave length. The amount of energy dissipated by the breaker in water and air is considered and, contrary to expectations, we observe that the energy dissipation in air is larger than the one in the water. Possible consequences on the wave modelling and on the exchange of aerosols and gases between air and water are discussed.
Iafrati, A; Onorato, M
A. Iafrati; A. Babanin; M. Onorato
Large scale fluctuations and dynamics of the Bullard - von K\\'arm\\'an dynamo
A synthetic fluid dynamo built in the spirit of the Bullard device [E. C. Bullard, Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc., 51, 744 (1955)] is investigated. It is a two-step dynamo in which one process stems from the fluid turbulence, while the other part is an alpha effect achieved by a linear amplification of currents in external coils [M. Bourgoin et al., New J. Phys., 8, 329 (2006)]. Modifications in the forcing are introduced in order to change the dynamics of the flow, and hence the dynamo behavior. Some features, such as on-off intermittency at onset of dynamo action, are very robust. Large scales fluctuations have a significant impact on the resulting dynamo, in particular in the observation of magnetic field reversals.
Verhille, Gautier; Fanjat, Gr�gory; Volk, Romain; Bourgoin, Mickael; Pinton, Jean-Fran�ois
Computation in Large-Scale Scientific and Internet Data Applications is a Focus of MMDS 2010
The 2010 Workshop on Algorithms for Modern Massive Data Sets (MMDS 2010) was held at Stanford University, June 15--18. The goals of MMDS 2010 were (1) to explore novel techniques for modeling and analyzing massive, high-dimensional, and nonlinearly-structured scientific and Internet data sets; and (2) to bring together computer scientists, statisticians, applied mathematicians, and data analysis practitioners to promote cross-fertilization of ideas. MMDS 2010 followed on the heels of two previous MMDS workshops. The first, MMDS 2006, addressed the complementary perspectives brought by the numerical linear algebra and theoretical computer science communities to matrix algorithms in modern informatics applications; and the second, MMDS 2008, explored more generally fundamental algorithmic and statistical challenges in modern large-scale data analysis.
Mahoney, Michael W
Detecting and mitigating abnormal events in large scale networks: budget constrained placement on smart grids
Several scenarios exist in the modern interconnected world which call for an efficient network interdiction algorithm. Applications are varied, including various monitoring and load shedding applications on large smart energy grids, computer network security, preventing the spread of Internet worms and malware, policing international smuggling networks, and controlling the spread of diseases. In this paper we consider some natural network optimization questions related to the budget constrained interdiction problem over general graphs, specifically focusing on the sensor/switch placement problem for large-scale energy grids. Many of these questions turn out to be computationally hard to tackle. We present a particular form of the interdiction question which is practically relevant and which we show as computationally tractable. A polynomial-time algorithm will be presented for solving this problem.
Santhi, Nandakishore [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Pan, Feng [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Solving Large Scale Nonlinear Eigenvalue Problem in Next-Generation Accelerator Design
A number of numerical methods, including inverse iteration, method of successive linear problem and nonlinear Arnoldi algorithm, are studied in this paper to solve a large scale nonlinear eigenvalue problem arising from finite element analysis of resonant frequencies and external Q{sub e} values of a waveguide loaded cavity in the next-generation accelerator design. They present a nonlinear Rayleigh-Ritz iterative projection algorithm, NRRIT in short and demonstrate that it is the most promising approach for a model scale cavity design. The NRRIT algorithm is an extension of the nonlinear Arnoldi algorithm due to Voss. Computational challenges of solving such a nonlinear eigenvalue problem for a full scale cavity design are outlined.
Liao, Ben-Shan; Bai, Zhaojun; /UC, Davis; Lee, Lie-Quan; Ko, Kwok; /SLAC
ESS 2012 Peer Review - Nitrogen-Oxygen Battery for Large Scale Energy Storage - Frank Delnick, SNL
US DOE Energy Storage Systems Research Program US DOE Energy Storage Systems Research Program Peer Review, Washington, DC Sept. 26-28, 2012 Frank Delnick, David Ingersoll, Karen Waldrip, Peter Feibelman Nitrogen/Oxygen Battery A Transformational Architecture for Large Scale Energy Storage Power Sources Technology Group Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, NM SAND2012-7881P N 2 /O 2 Battery Project Overview Air/Air battery. N 2 electrochemistry enables the redefinition of a gas (diffusion) electrode and the three phase interface. Operated as redox flow battery. Provide a very high energy density, very low cost, environmentally benign electrochemical platform for load leveling and for grid-integrated storage of energy generated by wind, solar and other sustainable but intermittent sources.
ANL/ALCF/ESP-13/14 NAMD - The Engine for Large-Scale Classical MD
4 4 NAMD - The Engine for Large-Scale Classical MD Simulations of Biomolecular Systems Based on a Polarizable Force Field ALCF-2 Early Science Program Technical Report Argonne Leadership Computing Facility About Argonne National Laboratory Argonne is a U.S. Department of Energy laboratory managed by UChicago Argonne, LLC under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. The Laboratory's main facility is outside Chicago, at 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439. For information about Argonne and its pioneering science and technology programs, see www.anl.gov. Availability of This Report This report is available, at no cost, at http://www.osti.gov/bridge. It is also available on paper to the U.S. Department of Energy and its contractors, for a processing fee, from:
The high-cadence, comprehensive view of the solar corona by SDO/AIA shows many events that are widely separated in space while occurring close together in time. In some cases, sets of coronal events are evidently causally related, while in many other instances indirect evidence can be found. We present case studies to highlight a variety of coupling processes involved in coronal events. We find that physical linkages between events do occur, but concur with earlier studies that these couplings appear to be crucial to understanding the initiation of major eruptive or explosive phenomena relatively infrequently. We note that the post-eruption reconfiguration timescale of the large-scale corona, estimated from the extreme-ultraviolet afterglow, is on average longer than the mean time between coronal mass ejections (CMEs), so that many CMEs originate from a corona that is still adjusting from a previous event. We argue that the coronal field is intrinsically global: current systems build up over days to months, the relaxation after eruptions continues over many hours, and evolving connections easily span much of a hemisphere. This needs to be reflected in our modeling of the connections from the solar surface into the heliosphere to properly model the solar wind, its perturbations, and the generation and propagation of solar energetic particles. However, the large-scale field cannot be constructed reliably by currently available observational resources. We assess the potential of high-quality observations from beyond Earth's perspective and advanced global modeling to understand the couplings between coronal events in the context of CMEs and solar energetic particle events.
Schrijver, Carolus J.; Title, Alan M.; DeRosa, Marc L. [Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center, 3251 Hanover Street, Palo Alto, CA 94304 (United States); Yeates, Anthony R. [Department of Mathematical Sciences, Durham University, Science Laboratories, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE (United Kingdom)
Formation of large-scale structures in ablative Kelvin-Helmholtz instability
In this research, we studied numerically nonlinear evolutions of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI) with and without thermal conduction, aka, the ablative KHI (AKHI) and the classical KHI (CKHI). The second order thermal conduction term with a variable thermal conductivity coefficient is added to the energy equation in the Euler equations in the AKHI to investigate the effect of thermal conduction on the evolution of large and small scale structures within the shear layer which separate the fluids with different velocities. The inviscid hyperbolic flux of Euler equation is computed via the classical fifth order weighted essentially nonoscillatory finite difference scheme and the temperature is solved by an implicit fourth order finite difference scheme with variable coefficients in the second order parabolic term to avoid severe time step restriction imposed by the stability of the numerical scheme. As opposed to the CKHI, fine scale structures such as the vortical structures are suppressed from forming in the AKHI due to the dissipative nature of the second order thermal conduction term. With a single-mode sinusoidal interface perturbation, the results of simulations show that the growth of higher harmonics is effectively suppressed and the flow is stabilized by the thermal conduction. With a two-mode sinusoidal interface perturbation, the vortex pairing is strengthened by the thermal conduction which would allow the formation of large-scale structures and enhance the mixing of materials. In summary, our numerical studies show that thermal conduction can have strong influence on the nonlinear evolutions of the KHI. Thus, it should be included in applications where thermal conduction plays an important role, such as the formation of large-scale structures in the high energy density physics and astrophysics.
Wang, L. F. [SMCE, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083 (China); CAPT, Peking University, Beijing 100871 (China) and LCP, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088 (China); Department of Mathematics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong (Hong Kong); Ye, W. H.; He, X. T. [CAPT, Peking University, Beijing 100871 (China) and LCP, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088 (China); Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027 (China); Don, Wai-Sun [Department of Mathematics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong (Hong Kong); Sheng, Z. M. [Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190 (China) and Department of Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 (China); Li, Y. J. [SMCE, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083 (China)
A multiperiod optimization model to schedule large-scale petroleum development projects
This dissertation solves an optimization problem in the area of scheduling large-scale petroleum development projects under several resources constraints. The dissertation focuses on the application of a metaheuristic search Genetic Algorithm (GA) in solving the problem. The GA is a global search method inspired by natural evolution. The method is widely applied to solve complex and sizable problems that are difficult to solve using exact optimization methods. A classical resource allocation problem in operations research known under Knapsack Problems (KP) is considered for the formulation of the problem. Motivation of the present work was initiated by certain petroleum development scheduling problem in which large-scale investment projects are to be selected subject to a number of resources constraints in several periods. The constraints may occur from limitations in various resources such as capital budgets, operating budgets, and drilling rigs. The model also accounts for a number of assumptions and business rules encountered in the application that motivated this work. The model uses an economic performance objective to maximize the sum of Net Present Value (NPV) of selected projects over a planning horizon subject to constraints involving discrete time dependent variables. Computational experiments of 30 projects illustrate the performance of the model. The application example is only illustrative of the model and does not reveal real data. A Greedy algorithm was first utilized to construct an initial estimate of the objective function. GA was implemented to improve the solution and investigate resources constraints and their effect on the assets value. The timing and order of investment decisions under constraints have the prominent effect on the economic performance of the assets. The application of an integrated optimization model provides means to maximize the financial value of the assets, efficiently allocate limited resources and to analyze more scheduling alternatives in less time.
Husni, Mohammed Hamza
Thermocline Thermal Storage Test for Large-Scale Solar Thermal Power Plants
Solar thermal-to-electric power plants have been tested and investigated at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) since the late 1970s, and thermal storage has always been an area of key study because it affords an economical method of delivering solar-electricity during non-daylight hours. This paper describes the design considerations of a new, single-tank, thermal storage system and details the benefits of employing this technology in large-scale (10MW to 100MW) solar thermal power plants. Since December 1999, solar engineers at Sandia National Laboratories' National Solar Thermal Test Facility (NSTTF) have designed and are constructing a thermal storage test called the thermocline system. This technology, which employs a single thermocline tank, has the potential to replace the traditional and more expensive two-tank storage systems. The thermocline tank approach uses a mixture of silica sand and quartzite rock to displace a significant portion of the volume in the tank. Then it is filled with the heat transfer fluid, a molten nitrate salt. A thermal gradient separates the hot and cold salt. Loading the tank with the combination of sand, rock, and molten salt instead of just molten salt dramatically reduces the system cost. The typical cost of the molten nitrate salt is $800 per ton versus the cost of the sand and rock portion at $70 per ton. Construction of the thermocline system will be completed in August 2000, and testing will run for two to three months. The testing results will be used to determine the economic viability of the single-tank (thermocline) storage technology for large-scale solar thermal power plants. Also discussed in this paper are the safety issues involving molten nitrate salts and other heat transfer fluids, such as synthetic heat transfer oils, and the impact of these issues on the system design.
Environmental Impacts From the Installation and Operation of Large-scale Solar Power Plants
Large-scale solar power plants are being developed at a rapid rate, and are setting up to use thousands or millions of acres of land globally. The environmental issues related to the installation and operation phases of such facilities have not, so far, been addressed comprehensively in the literature. Here we identify and appraise 32 impacts from these phases, under the themes of land use intensity, human health and well-being, plant and animal life, geohydrological resources, and climate change. Our appraisals assume that electricity generated by new solar power facilities will displace electricity from traditional U.S. generation technologies. Altogether we find 22 of the considered 32 impacts to be beneficial. Of the remaining 10 impacts, 4 are neutral, and 6 require further research before they can be appraised. None of the impacts are negative relative to traditional power generation. We rank the impacts in terms of priority, and find all the high-priority impacts to be beneficial. In quantitative terms, large-scale solar power plants occupy the same or less land per kW h than coal power plant life cycles. Removal of forests to make space for solar power causes CO{sub 2} emissions as high as 36 g CO{sub 2} kW h{sup -1}, which is a significant contribution to the life cycle CO{sub 2} emissions of solar power, but is still low compared to CO{sub 2} emissions from coal-based electricity that are about 1100 g CO{sub 2} kW h{sup -1}.
Fthenakis, V.; Turney, Damon
Disk Accretion Flow Driven by Large-Scale Magnetic Fields: Solutions with Constant Specific Energy
(Abridged) We study the dynamical evolution of a stationary, axisymmetric, and perfectly conducting cold accretion disk containing a large-scale magnetic field around a Kerr black hole, trying to understand the relation between accretion and the transportation of angular momentum and energy. We solve the radial momentum equation for solutions corresponding to an accretion flow that starts from a subsonic state at infinity, smoothly passes the fast critical point, then supersonically falls into the horizon of the black hole. The solutions always have the following features: 1) The specific energy of fluid particles remains constant but the specific angular momentum is effectively removed by the magnetic field. 2) At large radii, where the disk motion is dominantly rotational, the energy density of the magnetic field is equipartitioned with the rotational energy density of the disk. 3) Inside the fast critical point, where radial motion becomes important, the ratio of the electromagnetic energy density to the kinetic energy density drops quickly. The results indicate that: 1) Disk accretion does not necessarily imply energy dissipation since magnetic fields do not have to transport or dissipate a lot of energy as they effectively transport angular momentum. 2) When resistivity is small, the large-scale magnetic field is amplified by the shearing rotation of the disk until the magnetic energy density is equipartitioned with the rotational energy density, ending up with a geometrically thick disk. This is in contrast with the evolution of small-scale magnetic fields where if the resistivity is nonzero the magnetic energy density is likely to be equipartitioned with the kinetic energy density associated with local random motions (e.g., turbulence), making a thin Keplerian disk possible.
Li-Xin Li
NESC-VII: Fracture Mechanics Analyses of WPS Experiments on Large-scale Cruciform Specimen
This paper describes numerical analyses performed to simulate warm pre-stress (WPS) experiments conducted with large-scale cruciform specimens within the Network for Evaluation of Structural Components (NESC-VII) project. NESC-VII is a European cooperative action in support of WPS application in reactor pressure vessel (RPV) integrity assessment. The project aims in evaluation of the influence of WPS when assessing the structural integrity of RPVs. Advanced fracture mechanics models will be developed and performed to validate experiments concerning the effect of different WPS scenarios on RPV components. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), USA contributes to the Work Package-2 (Analyses of WPS experiments) within the NESCVII network. A series of WPS type experiments on large-scale cruciform specimens have been conducted at CEA Saclay, France, within the framework of NESC VII project. This paper first describes NESC-VII feasibility test analyses conducted at ORNL. Very good agreement was achieved between AREVA NP SAS and ORNL. Further analyses were conducted to evaluate the NESC-VII WPS tests conducted under Load-Cool-Transient- Fracture (LCTF) and Load-Cool-Fracture (LCF) conditions. This objective of this work is to provide a definitive quantification of WPS effects when assessing the structural integrity of reactor pressure vessels. This information will be utilized to further validate, refine, and improve the WPS models that are being used in probabilistic fracture mechanics computer codes now in use by the NRC staff in their effort to develop risk-informed updates to Title 10 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Part 50, Appendix G.
Yin, Shengjun [ORNL; Williams, Paul T [ORNL; Bass, Bennett Richard [ORNL
Energy efficiency and carbon dioxide emissions reduction opportunities in the U.S. cement industry
Cement Industry, An Energy Perspective", U.S. Department ofDioxide Emissions for Energy Use in U.S. Cement Production (3. Primary Energy Consumption in U.S. Cement Production by
Martin, Nathan; Worrell, Ernst; Price, Lynn
The Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) is conducting a consortium-based effort directed toward resolving the mercury (Hg) control issues facing the lignite industry. Specifically, the EERC team--the EERC, EPRI, URS, ADA-ES, Babcock & Wilcox, the North Dakota Industrial Commission, SaskPower, and the Mercury Task Force, which includes Basin Electric Power Cooperative, Otter Tail Power Company, Great River Energy, Texas Utilities (TXU), Montana-Dakota Utilities Co., Minnkota Power Cooperative, BNI Coal Ltd., Dakota Westmoreland Corporation, and the North American Coal Company--has undertaken a project to significantly and cost-effectively oxidize elemental mercury in lignite combustion gases, followed by capture in a wet scrubber. This approach will be applicable to virtually every lignite utility in the United States and Canada and potentially impact subbituminous utilities. The oxidation process is proven at the pilot-scale and in short-term full-scale tests. Additional optimization is continuing on oxidation technologies, and this project focuses on longer-term full-scale testing. The lignite industry has been proactive in advancing the understanding of and identifying control options for Hg in lignite combustion flue gases. Approximately 1 year ago, the EERC and EPRI began a series of Hg-related discussions with the Mercury Task Force as well as utilities firing Texas and Saskatchewan lignites. This project is one of three being undertaken by the consortium to perform large-scale Hg control technology testing to address the specific needs and challenges to be met in controlling Hg from lignite-fired power plants. This project involves Hg oxidation upstream of a system equipped with an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) followed by wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD). The team involved in conducting the technical aspects of the project includes the EERC, Babcock & Wilcox, URS, and ADA-ES. The host sites include Minnkota Power Cooperative Milton R. Young Unit 2 and TXU Monticello Unit 3. The work involves establishing Hg oxidation levels upstream of air pollution control devices (APCDs) and removal rates across existing ESP and FGD units, determining costs associated with those removal rates, investigating the possibility of the APCD acting as a multipollutant control device, quantifying the balance of plant impacts of the control technologies, and facilitating technology commercialization.
Michael J. Holmes; Steven A. Benson; Jeffrey S. Thompson
Country regulation of large scale commercial and industrial real estate development in the southwest : is it effective?
Real estate developers and county officials were surveyed to determine the existence, content and accessibility of county regulatory guidelines for land use and real estate development projects in the southwestern US. ...
Yates, Barrett Elizabeth
A First Step towards Large-Scale Plants to Plastics Engineering
Scientists may be able to produce plastic through a sustainable process based on the energy found in sunlight and carbon dioxide by optimizing the accumulation of fatty acids.
FE Carbon Capture and Storage News | Department of Energy
August 24, 2011 August 24, 2011 Large-Scale Industrial Carbon Capture, Storage Plant Begins Construction Construction activities have begun at an Illinois ethanol plant that will demonstrate carbon capture and storage. July 6, 2011 Confirming CCS Security and Environmental Safety Aim of Newly Selected Field Projects The U.S. Department of Energy's portfolio of field projects aimed at confirming that long-term geologic carbon dioxide storage is safe and environmentally secure has been expanded by three projects selected to collectively receive $34.5 million over four years. June 28, 2011 Redesigned CCS Website Offers Wealth of Information on Worldwide Technology, Projects A wealth of information about worldwide carbon capture and storage technologies and projects is available on the newly launched, updated and
Demand-side carbon reduction strategies in an era of electric industry competition
With the national debate on the need for intensified research and development, supply-side mandates, and carbon taxes likely to continue for some time, the authors propose a five-point, integrated demand-side plan that is compatible with marketplace forces and can be implemented now. This paper presents a five-point, integrated demand-side plan designed to be compatible with marketplace forces in the competitive electricity era, while the nation continues to debate the need for intensified research and development, supply-side mandates, and carbon taxes.
Meyers, E.M.; Hu, G.M. [District of Columbia Public Service Commission, Washington, DC (United States)
NETL: Gasifipedia - Carbon Sequestration
Coal: SNG from Coal: Process & Commercialization: Carbon Sequestration Coal: SNG from Coal: Process & Commercialization: Carbon Sequestration Carbon sequestration, also termed carbon storage, is the permanent storage of CO2, usually in deep geologic formations. Industrially-generated CO2 -- resulting from fossil fuel combustion, gasification, and other industrial processes -- is injected as a supercritical fluid into geologic reservoirs, where it is held in place by natural traps and seals. Carbon storage is one approach to minimizing atmospheric emissions of man-made CO2. As discussed above, the main purpose of CO2 EOR such as the Weyburn Project is tertiary recovery of crude oil, but in effect substantial CO2 remains sequestered/stored as a result. Current Status of CO2 Storage CO2 storage is currently underway in the United States and around the world. Large, commercial-scale projects, like the Sleipner CO2 Storage Site in Norway and the Weyburn-Midale CO2 Project in Canada, have been injecting CO2 into geologic storage formations more than a decade. Each of these projects stores more than 1 million tons of CO2 per year. Large-scale efforts are currently underway in Africa, China, Australia, and Europe, as well. These commercial-scale projects are demonstrating that large volumes of CO2 can be safely and permanently stored. In addition, a number of smaller pilot projects are underway in different parts of the world to determine suitable locations and technologies for future long-term CO2 storage. To date, more than 200 small-scale CO2 storage projects have been carried out worldwide. A demonstration project that captures CO2 from a pulverized coal power plant and pipes it to a geologic formation for storage recently came online in Alabama.
An Assessment of carbon reduction technology opportunities in the petroleum refining industry.
The refining industry is a major source of CO{sub 2} emissions in the industrial sector and therefore in the future can expect to face increasing pressures to reduce emission levels. The energy used in refining is impacted by market dictates, crude quality, and environmental regulations. While the industry is technologically advanced and relatively efficient opportunities nevertheless exist to reduce energy usage and CO{sub 2} emissions. The opportunities will vary from refinery to refinery and will necessarily have to be economically viable and compatible with each refiner's strategic plans. Recognizing the many factors involved, a target of 15-20% reduction in CO{sub 2} emissions from the refining sector does not appear to be unreasonable, assuming a favorable investment climate.
Petrick, M.
This report analyzed the potential for increasing energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) in the non-residential building and the industrial sectors in India. The first two sections describe the research and analysis supporting the establishment of baseline energy consumption using a bottom up approach for the non residential sector and for the industry sector respectively. The third section covers the explanation of a modeling framework where GHG emissions are projected according to a baseline scenario and alternative scenarios that account for the implementation of cleaner technology.
Sathaye, Jayant; de la Rue du Can, Stephane; Iyer, Maithili; McNeil, Michael; Kramer, Klaas Jan; Roy, Joyashree; Roy, Moumita; Chowdhury, Shreya Roy
Large-scale EE programs would modestly increase tariffs but reduce consumers' electricity bills significantly. However, the primary benefit of EE programs is a significant reduction in power shortages, which might make these programs politically acceptable even if tariffs increase. To increase political support, utilities could pursue programs that would result in minimal tariff increases. This can be achieved in four ways: (a) focus only on low-cost programs (such as replacing electric water heaters with gas water heaters); (b) sell power conserved through the EE program to the market at a price higher than the cost of peak power purchase; (c) focus on programs where a partial utility subsidy of incremental capital cost might work and (d) increase the number of participant consumers by offering a basket of EE programs to fit all consumer subcategories and tariff tiers. Large scale EE programs can result in consistently negative cash flows and significantly erode the utility's overall profitability. In case the utility i