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How rude! mana burn was cool but it is gone in mop. I can see why. /discuss
How rude! mana burn was cool but it is gone in mop. I can see why. /discuss
As OP and retarded the spell is I find it's really badly needed in BG's against healers, first they got rid of drain mana and now mana burn not forgetting viper sting so it's safe to say they want healers to be unstoppable these days and never go oom, which is cool because I got 4 healers so I guess I'll be using them in MoP.
I can kill a healer just fine with timed interrupts and silences.
In live, it's hilarious how well we can lock down healers with a combination of our mind control / fears / silences.
As a disc priest (my pvp toon) I will lament the loss, but it's probably better for everyone and balance that it's gone.
Rule of Thumb: If the healer's HPS is higher than your DPS, you're doing it wrong.
Now: Spam Flash of Light without even caring about mana, since it's endless!
MoP: Spamming Flash of Light is a dump move and will get you killed pretty fast, which means that you have to look into other ways of keeping your self up and requires that you use your heavy spells in moderation!
Last edited by ~Valen~; 2012-07-04 at 06:39 PM.
may i remind you that int does not give mana anymore and @ lvl 85 you have flat 100k mana with spells costing 50-75% more than what they do right now....healing will be as hard as early days of Cata or Wrath...no more unlimited BS..mana burn is not there because there is no mana to burn...you do that on your own quite well....finally healing that is challenging and interesting vs spam 2 buttons on your grid.
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if healers thought they were having mana issues in the beginning of cata id love to hear their "opinions" once MOP hits, probably the worst mana change for classes xD
Can't wait for MoP.
Grown tired of this pvp model of retarded amount of spammable CCs, lock combinations just to avoid savage green numbers spreading by healers.
Hope this will give me back the mood and the thrill to play as healer in arena.
The spell is horrible. Promotes broken CC chaining and exploiting line of sight. Not particularly interesting for game flow.
I won't miss it too much. It might mean fewer Priest healers in arena, or it might mean Priests get their regen buffed a bit to compensate. Priests have always felt like their mana is weak in PVP unless you can get burns off, but now that it is gone that'll shine a light on healer balance a little differently.
Good riddance. With Mana Burn gone, hopefully priest regen and mobility gets brought up to where other healers are.
That said, there'll be a big hole to fill in healing priest PvP gameplay and looking at the beta that hole may not get filled until 5.1 or later.
I'm gonna miss mana burn so much It might be for the better, but it's still a shame to see it go. It made arenas more interesting imo.
Endless mana died at the end of WoTLK, not sure why people still think that spamming your most expensive spell will not oom you because it will.
Back on topic: So glad it's gone. When they increased mana costs of spells that was the mana burn, to have some moron Priest spamming you while being locked down by faceroll dps was just unfair. In Arena's it's a different story, but in BG's it was a pain.
Endless mana only died with early cata gear. It's not like it was in WoTLK, but with current gear, you can spam your most expensive spell for a fair amount of time before going OOM. I'm not even in full conquest PvP gear, and I can spam flash heal for a very long time in BGs before going oom.
Also, I'd call the priest who's mana burning you while you're being locked up smart.
I love mana burn, best part about arena
Is it gone in MoP? wtf


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Guest photographer Maryann Nielson made me one very happy camper by getting these photos of the albino squirrel at Pioneer Park. I first learned of his or her existence last month when Terri Jo Adams spotted him from a distance.
This is so cool. See Maryann's second photo below. Thanks, Maryann!

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greatlakes4x4.com is the premier Great Lakes 4x4 Forum on the internet. Registered Users do not see the above ads.
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November 11th, 2007, 04:52 PM | #1 |
Senior Member
Two xj's for sale
I am selling both of my jeeps. The first one is the 2000 xj with 9" rustys lift. I had it for sale earlier on here. Lockers front and rear dana 44 rear 35" dick cepek tires. Custom front and rear bumpers and so on. I am unable to get the pics to upload here or on photo bucket but I can e mail them. I would like to get $5000 for this one.
The second one is a 1996 two door sport with 4" lift. 146000 ish miles. New shocks steering stabilizer, front control arms, ball joints and what not in the front. Nice clean jeep, I havent had much time to destroy this one cuz it was my ex old ladies. I have been chasing the dreaded dw on this one. At this point it hardly ever happens I think its narrowed down to the front tires. I will e mail pics of this one as well. Asking $3500 obo. Both Jeeps are located in Muskegon. Pm e mail addy for pics or call 231-206-3321 for any questions. thanks, Zeke |
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November 11th, 2007, 06:30 PM | #2 |
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Please email me pics of both,and what do each of them get for gas mileage? Trav
email@example.com |
November 11th, 2007, 07:47 PM | #4 |
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pics of both to email@example.com
thanks |
November 11th, 2007, 09:08 PM | #5 |
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Pics of both please firstname.lastname@example.com
November 11th, 2007, 11:46 PM | #7 |
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It's generally a good idea to post pictures of vehicles you're trying to sell via teh intraweb. GL4x4 even offers a free photo hosting thing, right under your name, where it says "My Photos: (0)", click the 0 and you can post the pictures and not waste your time sending them to people.
November 11th, 2007, 11:50 PM | #8 |
Senior Member
Thanks for that little tip... but I have been trying to do that for about a week now. Cant upload to photo bucket or to gl4x4. But next time I feel like a complete retard and cant figure out how to use teh intraweb I will pm ya!
November 11th, 2007, 11:53 PM | #9 |
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November 12th, 2007, 12:20 AM | #10 |
Last edited by cj7on44's; November 12th, 2007 at 12:23 AM. |
November 12th, 2007, 06:51 AM | #11 |
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pics too firstname.lastname@example.com
November 13th, 2007, 10:30 AM | #14 |
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pic of both jeeps please to firstname.lastname@example.com
November 13th, 2007, 10:43 AM | #16 |
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pics to email@example.com
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Phillip Arthur Adams
Phillip Arthur Adams, age 67, born in Kansas City, MO, went to be with His Lord on Thursday, May 10, 2007 in San Antonio. He was a loving husband, father and grandfather as well as an accomplished engineer who was a co-recipient of the
Emmy Award
for Technical Achievement in 1969. In 1986 Phil started Jointech Inc., manufacturer of master woodworking tools. He was preceded in death by his parents, Arthur and Gertrude Adams. He is survived by his wife of 46 years, Lupe Adams; sons, Phillip John Adams and wife Victoria, Terrill Carl Adams and wife Alexis; daughter, Theresa Suzanne Saldana and husband Ernest; grandchildren, Travis, Brittany, Tyler and Brooke Adams, Alexandra and Gabriella Saldana; sisters, Arlene Davenport and husband Karl of Dallas, Judy Greil and husband Ron of Tucson, AZ; and numerous nieces, nephews and cousins. Dad will be greatly missed by his family and friends. The family will receive friends on Sunday, May 13, 2007 after 5:00 P.M. EVENING SERVICE SUNDAY, MAY 13, 2007 6:30 P.M. PORTER LORING CHAPEL NORTH SERVICE MONDAY, MAY 14, 2007 10:00 A.M. CORNERSTONE CHAPEL 18755 STONE OAK Rev. Boots Levine will officiate. Interment will follow in Holy Cross Cemetery. You are invited to sign the Guestbook at www.porterloring.com Arrangements with Porter Loring Mortuary North.
Published in Express-News on May 12, 2007


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Boston police data shows widespread racial bias in street encounters with civilians
ACLU study details stop-and-frisk problem in Boston, urges reforms to ensure fair and effective policing.
Federal appeals court limits "mandatory" immigration detention
ACLU class action lawsuit argued federal government wrongly incarcerated more than 100 people a year in Massachusetts jails under "mandatory detention" provision.
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ACLU: Policy denied equal access to education.
Boston City Council unanimously passes Trust Act, ending ICE holds in city
Mayor has promised to sign ordinance
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Marathon Oil Corporation Reports Fourth Quarter And Full-Year 2012 Results
(b) The spin-off of Marathon's downstream business was completed on June 30, 2011, and all comparative periods have been recast to reflect the downstream business as discontinued operations.
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"Last year, the first full year for Marathon Oil as an independent Exploration and Production (E&P) company, was marked by outstanding execution in our domestic resource plays, continued safe and reliable operations in our base assets and entry into new, high-potential exploration opportunities," said Clarence P. Cazalot Jr., Marathon Oil's chairman, president and CEO.
"Our strong position in the top U.S. resource plays, a stable portfolio of base assets and solid operational performance allowed us to increase full-year Upstream (E&P and Oil Sands Mining [OSM]) net production available for sale, excluding Libya which had production disruptions in 2011, 8 percent over the prior year, exceeding our 2012 production targets.
"We project 2013 production available for sale from our Upstream businesses will be 6 to 8 percent higher than 2012, excluding Libya because of the uncertainty in production levels and Alaska as we sold that asset at the end of January 2013. Importantly, this growth will continue to be focused on higher-value liquids. "Our future growth is underpinned by our growing resource base and net proved reserves of 2 billion barrels of oil equivalent (boe) at year end 2012, a 12 percent increase over the prior year end and our highest level of proved reserves in 40 years. During 2012 we replaced 226 percent of our production, 185 percent excluding acquisitions, both at a preliminary cost estimate of approximately $17 per boe. This outstanding performance was largely driven by what we consider to be the highest-value resource plays in the world - the Eagle Ford shale in south Texas, the Bakken shale in North Dakota and the Oklahoma Resource Basins. We've established a 10-year plus drilling inventory across these plays at current rig levels and expect to spend approximately one-third of our $5.2 billion capital, investment and exploration budget for 2013 in the Eagle Ford, the cornerstone of our growth strategy.Check Out Our Best Services for Investors
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Mumbai - Bollywood star Abhishek Bachchan took the day off from filming 'Bol Bachchan' on Sunday, to celebrate his thirty-sixth birthday alone with Aishwarya Rai and baby Beti B.
Hoax that Bachchans name baby Beti B Aaliya, taken up by media
Fans are so desperate to know the name of the Bachchan newborn that one fan overstepped the mark by announcing the baby had been named Aaliya.
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Publicity still from the Bollywood erotic thriller, Jism 2.
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Cast and crew of the Bollywood love story "Heart Attack" arrived in Fuengirola on October 2, 2013 for a 40 day tour - Puri Jagannadh (right).
Anne Sewell
Cast and crew of the Bollywood love story "Heart Attack" arrived in Fuengirola on October 2, 2013 for a 40 day tour.
Anne Sewell
Zohra Sehgal (screenshot)
Mirinda India
From Sept. 19 to Sept. 30, 2012 the San Francisco International South Asian Film Festival took place. This year there were three locations that hosted the screenings of more than 20 films. The Castro Theater was one of the screening locations, which featured five of the more than 20 films for this year's festival.
Jonathan Farrell
Cast and crew of the Bollywood love story "Heart Attack" arrived in Fuengirola on October 2, 2013 for a 40 day tour.
Anne Sewell
Cast and crew of the Bollywood love story "Heart Attack" arrived in Fuengirola on October 2, 2013 for a 40 day tour - breakfast on location.
Anne Sewell
Abhishek Bachchan
Puri Jagannadh - Indian film director
Bollywood actor Ajay Devgn.
Steve Punter
Cast and crew of the Bollywood love story "Heart Attack" arrived in Fuengirola on October 2, 2013 for a 40 day tour - breakfast on location.
Anne Sewell
Mumbai Sound Designer/Recordist Harikumar Pillai with BAFTA/Oscar nominated DP Jack N. Green, who was awarded a Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, on the set of recent feature THE LETTERS.
Harikumar Pillai
Actors in the Bollywood love story, Heart Attack, currently being filmed in Malaga and the surrounding areas of Spain.
Anne Sewell
Nitin, hero of the Bollywood love story, Heart Attack, currently being filmed in Malaga and the surrounding areas of Spain.
Anne Sewell
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Welcome to Lexus of Kelowna, a Lexus dealership offering first-rate automotive service to Kelowna, the Okanagan Valley and the B.C. interior, including Kamloops, Penticton, Vernon, Salmon Arm, Merritt, Armstrong, Princeton, Summerland, Oliver and Osoyoos.
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Question: How far in advance can you prepare an Apple Strudel
October 20, 2010
I'm having dinner guests tomorrow evening and would like to make an apple strudel, however I'm not sure how much time I will have tomorrow. Will the apple strudel keep if I make it this evening? Any storage tips to keep it fresh?
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"The harder you work, the luckier you get." by Gary Player
Below is the poem entitled Warheads which was written by poet J B. Please feel free to comment on this poem. However, please remember, PoetrySoup is a place of encouragement and growth.
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like "Warheads" candy I suck the tartness off first sweetness is inside


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The death toll from Tuesday's gas tanker explosion in Mexico City rose to 24 as the government promised to help rebuild homes destroyed in the blast.
GUADALAJARA, Mexico – The death toll from Tuesday's gas tanker explosion on a busy stretch of highway on the outskirts of Mexico City has risen to 24, after another victim died from their injuries sustained in the blast.
As local residents in the working-class suburb of Ecatepec began the grim task of burying their loved ones – including 11 members of one family – and rebuilding their lives, the Mexican state government pledged to pay compensation to those affected by the explosion.
Governor Eruviel Avila said the government would help residents rebuild their homes and replace possessions destroyed in the massive blast, which was triggered when a truck hauling liquid petroleum gas slammed into a retention wall in the pre-dawn hours of Tuesday.
Avila added the government would ensure those companies responsible for the accident were held accountable. The state attorney general is investigating the incident and assessing damages.
Police have said the truck's driver was traveling at a high speed when he apparently lost control of the vehicle. The truck hit the retention wall, causing the second of its two trailers to flip and slide into houses closely abutting the eight-lane highway.
Residents described seeing a "ball of fire" that quickly incinerated dozens of houses and cars.
More from GlobalPost: Mexico: Death toll from gas tanker explosion rises to 22


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Biofouling of Spiral Wound Membrane Systems
High quality drinking water can be produced with membrane filtration processes like reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF). As the global demand for fresh clean water is increasing, these membrane technologies are increasingly important. One of the most serious problems in RO/NF applications is biofouling – excessive growth of biomass – affecting the performance of the RO/NF systems. This can be due to the increase in pressur
The MBR Book, 2nd Edition: Principles and Applications of Membrane Bioreactors for Water and Wastewater Treatment
A Membrane BioReactor (MBR) is the combination of a membrane process (e.g. microfiltration/ ultrafiltration) with a suspended growth bioreactor. When used with domestic wastewater, MBR processes can produce effluent of high enough quality to be discharged to waterways, or to be reclaimed for urban irrigation. Other advantages of MBRs over conventional processes include small footprint, easy retrofit and upgrade of old wastewater treatment plan
Operating Large Scale Membrane Bioreactors for Municipal Wastewater Treatment
During the last decade membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology has grown up to be state of the art in municipal wastewater treatment. Since 1999 the Erftverband has designed, tendered and commissioned three MBR for municipal wastewater treatment in Germany, with capacities from 3,000 to 45,000 m³/d. The Erftverband was one of the pioneers in the full scale application of the technology regularly hosted training and information workshops for
Performance Modification via Membrane Stretching
The objective of this research was to study the effects of uniaxial stretching on the structure of microporous membranes (especially the aspect ratio of the pores) and on the performance of these membranes as measured in terms of flux and particle rejection. The hypothesis of this research was that by stretching microporous membranes, their performance could be improved. Stretching a membrane was expected to elongate pores and change their asp
Water Treatment and Pathogen Control
Increasingly, microbial issues are commanding the attention of water treatment operators, regulators, and the media. There are many treatment options to eliminate pathogenic microbes from drinking-water. Finding the right solution for a particular supply requires sifting through a range of sometimes competing processes.
Quantitative Methods to Assess Capacity of Water Treatment to Eliminate Micro-Organisms
Ever since the recognition of the important role of water in the transmission of pathogenic micro-organisms in the 19th century, microbiological safety of drinking water has been a major research issue for microbiologists in the drinking water industry.


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Best Fashion Gifts 2013
Check Out Our Editors' Ultimate Holiday Wish List
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Check Out Our Editors' Ultimate Holiday Wish List
Not to brag, but we here at POPSUGAR Fashion know a thing or two about gifting. As diligent market editors, we've spent many late nights poring over the latest seasonal merchandise, visiting showrooms, and leafing through lookbooks, and we've curated shopping guides for everyone on your list — whether it's the men in your life, the moms, or even the furriest of friends.
But what about us? We've seen it all and we tend to think you might get a few ideas from sneaking a peek at what's on our wish list this year. After uncovering everything from budget-friendly box clutches under $25 to the accessories of our ultimate fantasies, we're sharing our holiday favorites at every price — along with a few gift-giving memories of our own.
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I LOVE Mack Weldon socks, they're so comfortable and come in amazing patterns. To the people I love; please give me the gift of Mack Weldon. K thanks, bye.
Link Love
- Lacoste and J.Crew teamed up to make the polo shirt of your dreams — InStyle
- Put some pep in your step with this wear-now Spring trend — Lucky
- These rules prove that fashion really is a way of life — Who What Wear
- We'll be counting down the days until this Uniqlo capsule collection — The Cut
- Style books aren't just for coffee tables — HuffPost Style
- You'll never guess what Kate Spade's making now — Racked
- You may want to leave the pastels at home this Spring — SheFinds
- This must-have street-style accessory is something you already own — Style.com
- Here's what the fashion term "modern" means once and for all — Man Repeller
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Itch/Rash Salve-The Anti-Histamine Formula |
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Itch / Rash Salve takes the guess work out of what to grab out of the cupboard when you have a itching or a rash. The herbs in this balm contain cool, soothing, anti-histamine, and anti-bacterial herbs. Unlike OTC anti-histamines, Itch / Rash Salve uses all natural herbs so you don't have to worry about long term misuse. Use this balm on rashes, bites/stings that cause itching, eczema, skin disorders or any time you feel appropriate. The herbal formulation is safe enough to apply over open sores or wounds. Infectious rashes should also be treated internally as well using Blood Purifier. Key Herbs Chickweed: Chickweed is a natural anti-histamine. Chickweed relieves itching from all conditions, hence the #1 herb is this formula Zi Cao / Lithospermi (Groomwell Root): Zi Cao is a cooling herb used to treat rashes and itching. Zi Cao allows the formula to handle rashes and itching in the same formula She Chuang Zi / Cnidium Fruit: She Chuang Zi is one of the best herbs out there for itching. Cnidium is also antibacterial & anti-fungal and has an analgesic effect against pain. Overview of Itch / Rash Salve -Natural antihistamine, herbal remedy for itching -For external use in any itching or rash conditions including: itching, bites, eczema, hives, rashes and much more -Actions: soothing balm with nourishing properties, natural antihistamine and rash venting properties Contents: Dosage and Ingredients: Ingredients: Chickweed, Calendula Flowers, Zi Cao / Lithospermi (Groomwell), She Chuang Zi / Cnidium Fruit, Vitamin E Oil in Grapseed Oil and Beeswax.
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Business continutity planning is high on the agenda for financial services firms. For the first time, OpRisk & Compliance has surveyed the market to identify the leading BCP providers. Victoria Penn...
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2012-08-24 - The long-awaited Nightwish movie "Imaginaerum" will have its "flying" premiere at "Hartwall Arena", Helsinki, Finland, on November 10, 2012, as the audience will be treated to both a full-scale Nightwish concert and the world premiere of the movie.
Eagerly anticipated around the world, "Imaginaerum" creates a musical fantasy world in the vein of David Lynch, Neil Gaiman, and Cirque du Soleil. The movie is an innovative mixture of story-telling and music, an extraordinary tale of the power of imagination… and what's ultimately important in life.
Shot and post-produced in Canada, the movie was directed by Stobe Harju and produced by Solar Films, and features appearances by all Nightwish members. The screenplay is based on a wild vision that Tuomas Holopainen, the mastermind of the band, devised after the album Dark Passion Play came out in 2007.
"I though of how we could take our expression that had already became pretty ambitious and grandiose to the next level, and that's when I knew I wanted to tell a story, and to tell it with love and piety."
According to Holopainen, finishing the movie has been an eventful and challenging journey that has sometimes demanded superhuman dedication from the production crew.
"I want to already thank everyone from the bottom of my heart. Together we've managed to create something innovative, strange, and timeless", Holopainen states.
"Imaginaerum" will be screened at the "Hartwall Arena" on November 10, preceded by a show by Nightwish themselves, their last concert in Finland this year. The Finnish theatrical premiere of the movie is scheduled for November 23.
The official soundtrack of the movie, "Imaginaerum by Nightwish - The Score" will be released on the day before the premiere, Friday, November 9. The album features 13 grandiose, unreleased re-interpretations of "Imaginaerum" tracks by Petri Alanko.
Nightwish have sold over seven million albums internationally and received over 60 Gold and Platinum awards, making them the most successful Finnish Rock band of all time.
Director Stobe Harju tells about the movie in Finnish: http://nightwish.com/fi/movie/news/230812
Hartwall Areena, Helsinki (Areenankuja 1)
Saturday, November 10, 2012
Doors: 6 PM, Showtime: 8 PM, Movie: 10.15 PM.
Tickets: 59 € + costs
TICKETS Tickets available on Monday, September 10, 9 AM Finnish time (CET+2) from:
VIP package sales and inquiries: firstname.lastname@example.com
Linked bands |
NIGHTWISH - announce Europe 2015" tour!2015-03-04 10:15 - Finland-based symphonic metal masters NIGHTWISH announce their "Endless Forms Most Beautiful - Europe 2015" tour, kicking off mid-November in the Danish capital Copenhagen. Details |
NIGHTWISH – twelfth "making-of" trailer2015-02-27 12:00 - Today sees the release of the 12th episode from the "making of" series in which the band explain the themes and inspirations for »Endless Forms Most Beautiful«. Details |
NIGHTWISH – Making-of Episode 11 online!2015-02-16 15:00 - Today you can enjoy the 11th episode from the "making of" series about the new CD. In this trailer, NIGHTWISH give you a look behind the scenes of the video shoot. Details |
NIGHTWISH – release new single!
2015-02-13 12:00 - Today is the release of the first single 'Élan' out of the new NIGHTWISH album »Endless Forms Most Beautiful«, which will be out on March 27th (EU), 30th (UK) and 31st (US). |
NIGHTWISH – announce one-off show.2015-02-09 13:00 - NIGHTWISH have announced a headline show at Wembley SSE Arena on the 19th December 2015, which will be their only UK date this year. Details |
NIGHTWISH – tenth "making-of" trailer online!2015-01-30 12:00 - Today NIGHTWISH release the tenth album trailer. In this episode the band shares their memories on the recordings of »Endless Forms Most Beautiful«. Details |
NIGHTWISH – tracklist & formats revealed!2015-01-16 10:30 - Today the NIGHTWISH unveil all formats and the different track listings according to each individual format of their highly anticipated new creation. Details |
NIGHTWISH – ninth making-of »Endless ...2014-12-29 17:00 - Finland-based symphonic metal masters of NIGHTWISH recently revealed the title of their upcoming new studio album called »Endless Forms Most Beautiful«. The record will be ... Details |
NIGHTWISH – New album comes to life!2014-12-22 12:00 - On March 27th (EU), 30th (UK) and 31st (US), the long expected new studio album will be released, entitled »Endless Forms Most Beautiful«. Details |
NIGHTWISH – release new single 'Élan' on ...2014-12-08 13:00 - Finland-based symphonic metal storytellers NIGHTWISH are currently working on their upcoming new album, which is set for a release in spring 2015 via Nuclear Blast. Today ... Details |


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did anybody else have problems getting on to the site the last day or two? i wasnt able to for a day and a half.
It worked fine Saturday morning but I didn't attempt to access the site after that until today so I'm not sure.
Yes, happened to me I was thinkin same if anyone else was experiencing it. I tried bringin up site different ways but it still came up same.
Sorry everyone....I forgot to tell the board. I rented this space for a private party and some of the partiers trashed a few lines of code on their way to their cars. Everything's fine and dandy now though, and the good thing is I didn't get pregnant it would seem....yeah, helluva party...even the dwarf tossers had a headache today...
Yeah there was a network issue at the datacenter that affected a lot of servers - unfortunately one of which was ours - that I didn't see until we got home last night (we were out all day yesterday). Glad it was at least on a Sunday. Hopefully everything is all set now. Doesn't make it any less irritating though.


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Scott Kazmir has resurrected his career with the Cleveland Indians, posting a 7-7 record and a 4.36 ERA in his first full season in the majors since 2010.
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Median of all compensation (including tips, bonus, and overtime) by years of experience.
Assistant Bookkeepers with Microsoft Excel skills do not generally earn higher incomes from more experience in the field. The average beginner in this position makes around $28K, but folks who have been around for five to 10 years see a markedly higher median salary of $31K. On average, Assistant Bookkeepers with Microsoft Excel skills make $32K following one to two decades on the job. People who have worked for more than 20 years report a median income of $33K, which is barely higher than the median for folks with 10 to 20 years of experience.
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Celtics' Jared Sullinger (Stress Fracture) Out For Season
The Boston Celtics received bad news Sunday morning, as starting forward Jared Sullinger will miss the rest of the season with a stress fracture.
What Is the Future of the Magic and Celtics?
Tuck and O'Neill: Is there Hope for the Celtics and Magic? Mike Tuck and Eric Lopez spoke to BasketballInsiders.com writer Jessica Camerato about the future outlook of the Boston Celtics and Orlando Magic. The Magic and Celtics were once title contenders as recently as in 2010 when
Video: Magic Bounce Back against Boston
Orlando Holds off the Celtics 100-95 Losers of 4 straight the Magic were determined to have a much better showing against the Boston Celtics Tuesday night. Right from the opening tip, you could tell that this was a much
Video: Rondo and Boston Blast the Magic
Defensive Collapse Leads to 109-92 Defeat In "Beantown" the Magic were looking to tame the Celtics Wednesday after falling to the Raptors. And for the first three quarters, the Magic were doing a great job of trading punches with
NBA to Experiment with Shorter Game During Preseason
The National Basketball Association announced today that it will play a 44-minute game during the 2014 NBA preseason when the Brooklyn Nets host the Boston Celtics at Barclays Center on Oct. 19. The league is utilizing the preseason contest
Rajon Rondo Doesn't Want To Play For Celtics Anymore
Rumors about Rajon Rondo and the Boston Celtics have been swirling for what seems like forever, and they're not about to stop anytime soon.
Celtics Unveil New "Lucky" Logo
NBA News: Celtics Hoping For New Logo Luck When it comes to tradition in the NBA one team certainly comes to mind, the Boston Celtics. But that is about to change, as they are unveiling a new alternative logo.
Orlando Magic Summer League Kicks Off Today
The wait is finally over, we have the NBA back!
Celtics "Locked In" On Aaron Gordon With Sixth Pick
Sports Illustrated reports that the Boston Celtics are "locked in" on Arizona forward Aaron Gordon
Celtics Hire Darren Erman As Director Of Scouting
According to Adrian Wojnarowski of Yahoo Sports, the Boston Celtics have hired former


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Irontown Denim Utility Work Pants
Item # A4KW-589010
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- Details & Specs
Irontown® Denim Utility Work Pants, "heavy-metal" durability for the daily grind.
Meat-and-potatoes quality and value for the meat-and-potatoes kind of guy! Nothing fancy... just classic Work Jeans at a "vintage" price. Go ahead, put 'em through their paces. They'll hold up tough. They're labeled "slight irregulars," but that won't affect looks or performance, just the price!
Features:- 14.5-oz. 100% cotton denim, with relaxed fit so you can declare "squatter's rights," so to speak
- Classic 5-pocket style, plus 2 leg pockets and hammer loop for tools
- Button waist, zipper fly
- Machine wash / dry. Imported.
State Color; Inseam and Waist Size, as available in the Shopping Cart.
!!! Limited Quantities !!!
- Reviews
Irontown Denim Utility Work Pants is rated out of 5 by 29.Rated 5 out of 5 by kentaroo from Good Jeans Well pleased with these jeans. Very good price and great quality. Slight defects very hard to detect!Date published: 2015-01-29Rated 1 out of 5 by Chris from Defective Jeans seemed nice at first glance, until I tried them on and discovered the metal button had torn through the material. Cheap material, clearly not inspected. I expect better from Sportsman's Guide.Date published: 2014-12-14Rated 5 out of 5 by Dean from Great Jeans for the money! I like the relaxed fit and the quality of the jeans.Date published: 2014-12-04Rated 5 out of 5 by Mark from Great Jeans For the Money I like the jeans for the money. They feel very durable and comfortable.I would not hesitate to buy another pair if needed. I wear them daily.Date published: 2014-12-01Rated 5 out of 5 by Ceapea from Good pants, great deal! These pants were everything that I expected. The quality is much better than you would expect for the price paid.Date published: 2014-12-01Rated 4 out of 5 by corey21 from Good Product But Jeans have plenty of pcockets and are heavy weight. Only issue is that two of the rear belt loops came off the first time I wore them.Date published: 2014-11-29Rated 1 out of 5 by wjw3240 from My first review was wrong My first review that I wrote about these pants was good then I washed them and they fell apart. Beware!!!Date published: 2014-11-26Rated 5 out of 5 by Hutch from Good Buy Pants fit good but zipper seems short. Nice weigt denimDate published: 2014-11-25

 I have an email that shows these jeans for 13.49 why is the price 16.19 ?

Asked by: skiman

 The email was a 24 hour flash sale that is no longer valid.
Answered by: Customer Service

Date published: 2014-11-19

2015-02-27T20:14CST

bvseo_cps, prod_bvqa, vn_cps_3.1.1

cp_1, bvpage1

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- Articles & Tips
Don't Forget
2-Pk. of Guide Gear Belts, Black / Brown
Buyer's Club $26.99 Non-Members $29.99 -
Marc Wolf® Work Belt
Buyer's Club $22.49 Non-Members $24.99 -
Carhartt® Utility Work Clothes Suspenders
Buyer's Club $15.29 Non-Members $16.99
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Dickies Relaxed-fit Industrial Cargo Jeans
Buyer's Club $13.49 Non-Members $14.99 -
Irontown Workwear 5-pocket Jeans
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Men's Irontown Canvas Utility Jeans, Slight Irregulars
Buyer's Club $17.99 Non-Members $19.99


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A naturally-foaming cleanser that is the perfect start to around-the-clock control of breakouts, comedones and excess surface oils.
Contains no artificial fragrance or color.
Made in USA
Additional Product Information:
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Work a pea-sized amount into a lather in wet hands. Apply to dampened face and throat, massaging in circular motions while concentrating on areas of congestion and oiliness. Avoid eye area. Rinse thoroughly with warm water. Follow with Skin Purifying Wipes and prescribed MediBac Clearing regimen.
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text:
Summit Hotel Properties Appoints Interim Chief Financial Officer
Summit Hotel Properties, Inc. (NYSE:INN) (the "Company") today announced the appointment of Chief Accounting Officer, Paul Ruiz as interim Chief Financial Officer, effective immediately. Mr. Ruiz will assume the responsibilities from Stuart Becker, who has resigned. The Company has engaged Korn Ferry to conduct a nationwide search for a permanent Chief Financial Officer.
"Paul's experience, coupled with the depth of our finance team, will serve us well during this transition. Furthermore, let me thank Stuart for his many contributions to Summit Hotel Properties as Chief Financial Officer and wish him well in his future endeavors," said Daniel Hansen, President and Chief Executive Officer of Summit Hotel Properties.
Mr. Ruiz joined Summit Hotel Properties in May 2014 and has over 25 years of executive, financial, accounting and operational experience. Prior to joining Summit, Mr. Ruiz served in senior executive roles for companies in a variety of industries, including real estate and technology. Most recently, Mr. Ruiz was the Director of Global Corporate Accounting for Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. (NYSE: FSL), a global leader in semiconductors. He began his career with PricewaterhouseCoopers where he was an audit manager providing audit and business advisory services to entrepreneurial, rapidly growing and Fortune 500 companies.
Mr. Ruiz graduated with highest honors from the University of Texas at Austin with a Bachelor of Business Administration in Accounting and earned his Masters in Business Administration from Baylor University. He is a Certified Public Accountant.
About Summit Hotel Properties Summit Hotel Properties, Inc. is a publicly-traded real estate investment trust focused primarily on acquiring and owning premium-branded select-service hotels in the upscale and upper midscale segments of the lodging industry. As of May 29, 2014, the Company's portfolio consisted of 90 hotels with a total of 11,353 guestrooms located in 22 states. For additional information, please visit the Company's website, www.shpreit.com and follow on Twitter at @SummitHotel_INN.Check Out Our Best Services for Investors
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text:
This article will to allow you to understand why an asynchronous process needs
management and the steps necessary to design a custom Asynchronous Process Manager. First, we will set up the queuing and threading environment necessary for an
Asynchronous Process Manager. Next, we will turn this single component environment into a
Request Broker capable of parallel processing multiple queues. (5,400 words) Why use a framework? Why are Java GUI applets and applications
so successful? Because they run inside a container -- a framework that manages the
event queue and the user interface, (the JFrame, Frame, Window, Container, and Component
classes). What does an RMI Server offer applications
outside of basic communications? Nothing! You want it; you build it. Backend application developers know that it is first necessary to build a framework in
which the application lives. Under the hood The RMI Runtime takes care of the two most difficult
issues with networking -- the low level line protocol and the basic application level
protocol, (this is the Marshalling, etc). For most implementations, the RMI Runtime creates a
thread to handle each request from a Client. Once the request finishes, the thread waits
for a brief period for the next Client request. In this way, the RMI-Connection may reuse
threads. If no new request comes in, the RMI Runtime destroys the thread. It is good that the RMI Runtime creates threads to handle requests. However, the
limitations of the RMI Runtime environment quickly hinder our processing. Consider these
two issues: Timing: The Client sends a request to the RMI Server
for information contained in a private resource. If a horde of other users are updating
the private resource, by the time the request completes the original user has gone home.
If the private resource is non-functioning to the point where the request cannot complete,
not only has the original user gone home, the RMI-Connection thread hangs forever. The autonomous request, with callback: That is -- send in a
request, have it processed by a background thread that contacts the original Client when
complete. If we simply create a new application thread for every request, the
create/destroy overhead and the number of application threads will put a severe strain on
the Server, and, the Virtual Machine will eventually run out of resources. Pragmatic For a Client that needs a timed response, the RMI-Connection thread contacts an
application thread. If the application thread does not respond within the time limit, then
the RMI-Connection thread returns to the Client with a timeout message. For an autonomous request, the RMI-Connection thread contacts an application thread and
immediately returns to the Client with an "it's been scheduled" message. Now the concern is how does one design a queuing and application threading environment
so that:
We are going to examine an Asynchronous Process Manager that you can run. The classes
for execution as well as the source code are downloadable in Resources. Logical Processes In a managed asynchronous process environment, requests stack up in queues. Application
threads fetch requests from the queues and act upon them. Developers define queues for the
requests and the maximum number of application threads to service those requests. These
are logical processes. The Client sends a request to the Server. The RMI Runtime creates, or reuses, an
RMI-Connection thread that executes a method within the Implementation Class. The
appropriate method places the request into a prioritized wait list within a queue and uses
an Object-notify method to wake up an application thread to service the request. The timed request: The RMI-Connection thread uses the
Object-wait method to suspend its execution until either the application thread finishes
or the time limit expires. Upon completion, the RMI-Connection thread returns to the
Client with the response from the application or a time out message. The autonomous request: The RMI-Connection thread returns to the
Client with an "it was scheduled" message. All the application processing
happens asynchronously. What do we need for both these scenarios?
; The interface is straightforward and
simple: ; The concrete implementation class
contains the logic for placing the request in a request queue, waking up an application
thread and returning the reply to the Client. ; The parameter class
is very simple. The instance fields are: ; The start up class contains logic for
establishing the persistent environment and exporting the remote object. ; Application Queues contain three
elements: ; The thread class is straightforward. It
has a run method where it waits for work. It checks the queue's wait lists for new
requests. When it finds a request, it calls a method on the user-defined application
processing class to perform the application's work. It sends the return object from the
application processing class back to the RMI-Connection thread. This 'fetch-next-request /
call-work-class' loop continues until there are no more pending requests. Most developers see threading as part of the application class. This is where the
application class extends java.lang.Thread or implements java.lang.Runnable. Handling the
thread logic in addition to the application logic requires two different thought patterns
to merge as one. This framework design separates the thread logic from the application
logic so that any application processing class may easily plug-in to a thread structure. ; A separate application processing class
contains the application logic. The thread class calls the application processing class in
the appropriate way for your framework. The calling may be with reflection or any other
method. For this example, we use an Interface with one method. Any class that implements
this Interface is acceptable. The start up class gets a new instance of the application processing class, (that
implements DemoCall): DemoCall to_call = new YourAppl(); Looking at the parameter to the application doWork() method we see that it contains ; We expound on the support classes as
necessary. The underlying principle behind this framework is the concept of "common
memory". Common Memory An RMI Server is persistent. Any objects the Server creates with a live reference
remains for the life of the Server. When the Server starts, it gets a new instance of a
"common memory" class and assigns a private, static field with the reference.
Since the Server remains and the reference is live, the object never garbage collects.
Other objects the Server creates also get a reference to the "common memory"
class, which increases the number of live references. This includes the RMI Implementation
class. In this way, all threads running on the Server -- the RMI-Connection threads and
the application threads, have access to this "common memory." (There are many other ways of getting access to a common class. Two other ways
are: 1) The Singleton, with its getInstance()
method. 2) Using a class with static fields and each thread gets a new instance
of the class, (Java copies the static class
fields to the new instance.)) The key to modifying variables for use in multiple threads is the synchronized
statement or synchronized method modifier. In Java, there
is shared main memory and thread memory. Every thread gets a copy of the variables it
needs from shared main memory and saves those variables back into shared main memory for
use by other threads. See Chapter 17 of the Java Specification. Putting the access/mutate to an object's variables within a synchronized block or
method accomplishes three functions:
Therefore, to guarantee integrity and to make sure all threads have access to the
latest value of a variable, synchronize. For the ultimate word on memory
access, see Can double-checked locking be fixed? by Brian Goetz.
Also, for an in-depth article on multiple CPU thread synchronization, see Warning! Threading in a multiprocessor world, by Allen
Holub. Wake up call The FrameWorkBase class contains static references to other classes.
For this example, the fields are public. (This is simply one way to establish common
memory. As above, there are many more.) Some of those fields are: The persistent RMI Server instantiates the base of common-memory, FrameWorkBase
and assigns a class field to the reference of the FrameWorkBase object. Since the
reference is live and the Server is persistent, Java does
not garbage collect the object. Think of the start up class fields as anchor points. Since the start up class passes the FrameWorkBase reference to the constructor
of the Implementation class and the Implementation class saves the FrameWorkBase
reference in its instance fields, all RMI-Connection threads have access to the FrameWorkBase
class. When the Client invokes a remote method The Function entry contains a reference, (described later), for the desired Queue
within the Main Array of Queues. The RMI-Connection thread places the "enhanced request", (described later),
into that Queue's wait list, finds a waiting thread and wakes up the thread. Since the
Queue's instance fields contain references to all instantiated threads, the RMI-Connection
thread may use notify(). This requires a little explaining since most books on threads say to use notifyAll().
The notify() and notifyAll() methods are methods of class Object. The question is -- for a
particular Object, how many threads are there? In the case of the Queue, there is only one
thread per instance. By having queues with solid references to each thread, it is very simple to keep
statistics. Statistics form the basis for tuning. The RMI-Connection thread then waits for the application to finish by issuing an
Object-wait (timeout value). The other wake up call The RMI-Connection thread must pass something to the application thread to uniquely
identify itself. Any object the RMI-Connection thread creates and passes to another thread
by reference is available to the other thread. After a synchronization event, each thread
then has access to the current value of that object. For this example, the framework uses
an integer array. As above, the RMI-Connection thread places an "enhanced request" in the
Queue's wait list. This is the Client's Object from the parameter, FrameWorkParm,
and several other fields. The RMI-Connection thread creates a new integer array, Thus, having passed the application thread enough information to inform it how to
indicate request completion, (by assigning pnp[0] = 1), and a reference for the
notifyAll() method, (this), the RMI-Connection thread may now wait. Note below: The spin lock on (pnp[0] == 0) is because when any
application thread issues a notifyAll(), Java wakes up all
the RMI-Connection threads. When the wait completes, the RMI-Connection thread picks up the Object returned from
the application and passes the Object back to the Client. On the other side when the processing completes, the application thread does the
following: Autonomous request As part of the class definition of a Function is a field for the optional
Agent Queue. The application processing class may return an Object to the application
thread. For an autonomous request, when desirable, the application thread may activate a
logical process by creating a new "enhanced request", (with the just-returned
Object), placing that "enhanced request" into the Agent queue's wait list and
waking up an Agent thread. This is very similar to a standard autonomous request that
comes from the Client. The Agent logical process completes asynchronously, without any
return data. The Agent queue application processing class is where you may place the
call-back, call-forward or any other logic necessary for dealing with a request
completion. [This is a little confusing, but hang in there, eventually it becomes clear.] Shut down Critique Both answers to questions one and two are affirmative. This framework separates the RMI threading environment from the application threading
environment. Additionally, it separates the application thread logic from the actual
application logic. This is the greater degree of abstraction so important in
Object Oriented Design. The answer to the third question is: it's nice, but ... The return on investment may
not be worth the effort involved. An additional, critical part of the structure is error
recovery. Sometimes the anomaly code far outweighs the standard code. What this framework
needs is a bigger reason for living. What if we could expand this simple framework to support multiple queues per request?
That is -- when a Client request involves multiple accesses to resources, if we could
split the request and place each component into its own queue, then we could parallel
process the request. Now, the possibilities are endless. This is request brokering and it
is the subject of the next section. The Request Broker A better way to handle a multi-action request is to separate the request into its
component parts and place each component into a separate queue. This is parallel
processing. It is more difficult than linear programming but the benefits far outweigh the
extra work up front. What do we need to support request brokering? We need to understand that the Client
request is no longer the exclusive concern of a single logical process. Therefore, we must
put the Client's request into a common area so that any number of logical processes may
access it. Since we already have a "common memory" environment, we must now
enhance it. We need a common place to put the Object from the Client, (this is the input data
Object within the FrameWorkParm class). A simple array of Objects is
all that is necessary. For the example, the basic class is ObjDetail. The ObjDetail
class contains two fields, the Object from the Client and a status indicator. The array in which the ObjDetail Object resides is a linked-list. (All the
arrays in this framework are linked-lists.) Access to entries within the linked-list is
directly, by subscript. When an RMI-Connection thread puts an Object into the list, all
that the RMI-Connection thread must pass to an application thread is the primitive
integer. We need a common place to hold the request from the Client both for a synchronous and
for an asynchronous request. Once again, simple arrays of Objects are all that is
necessary. Both basic Objects must keep the subscript to the Object from the Client,
(above), and an integer array of subscripts to the Objects from the applications' return
data. The classes for this example are SyncDetail and AsyncDetail. Another common place to hold information for an asynchronous request is an array of
those requests that have stalled. When the synchronous request takes longer than the user
can wait, the connection side of the request terminates. When an asynchronous request
takes longer than is prudent, the processing may be unable to complete and the request
stalls. There must be a place to put the information and a procedure for recovering from
the stall. The place is the StallDetail class. The thread that places the
information there is the Monitor, (we'll get to this shortly). The procedure is the
exclusive needs of the user. The request Function The framework:
For the synchronous request, the framework waits until all queues finish processing.
The framework then concatenates the return objects from all the logical processes into a
single Object array and returns the Object array to the Client. For the autonomous request, the framework returns to the Client with an "its been
scheduled" message. The processing takes place asynchronously. When the last queue's
application finishes processing, the framework optionally concatenates the return
objects from all the logical processes into a single Object array and activates a new
logical process, the Agent. The Monitor Runtime This demonstration requires minimally the Java1.1
platform. Unzip the file into a directory. The structure is as follows: /Doc - Contains a single file, Doc.html, which documents all the classes and the
runtime procedure. Open the /Doc/Doc.html file for directions. Follow the directions for starting the RMI Registry and the FrameWorkServer, (section, Runtime). Follow the directions for starting a single-access Client, DemoClient_3, who's
Function is F3, which comprises three queues, (this is the section, the first time). This is what took place. The Client invoked the syncRequest() method on the FrameWorkServer
remote object passing a FrameWorkParm Object. The syncRequest():
While the syncRequest() was waiting, each application thread:
Load it up Follow the directions for running the visualization tool, FrameWorkThreads. Follow the directions for running the multiple Client threads class, DemoClientMultiBegin,
to put a load on the system. After you are done with the Server, you may shut it down gracefully with a Client
request, DemoClient_Shutdown. Sequel Error recovery: As above, "Sometimes the anomaly code far
outweighs the standard code". With a custom framework, the error recovery depends on
the application. Most detection depends on timing different aspects of the process.
Catching an exception is easy. Spotting a run-a-way thread is difficult. In order to know
what to look for, one must know what the application does. Thresholds: When to instantiate or activate an application thread is
paramount. The way the code example sits, the only time the framework instantiates or
activates a new thread within a logical process is 1) when no thread is alive in the queue
or 2) when a new request into a wait list causes an overflow.
It is usually better to activate another thread when the load on that queue becomes
greater than, "user determined". This is threshold processing. When the
RMI-Connection thread puts a new request into a wait list, the thread can determine the
current load and may start or activate another application thread. Hooks and exits: How does a developer handle connection pools?
How does a developer handle message queuing middleware packages? Remember, the Server is
persistent. You can add a start up hook in which you build a separate memory area where
you keep instantiated classes and private threads for these products. You can add a shut
down hook that gracefully shuts down the separate area. Logging: Anyone who has ever worked with a background process
knows how important it is to log errors. How else can anyone know what happened after a
failure? Any general-purpose log will suffice. Commercial products are available today and
the standard language will support logging in the near future. Custom vs. Generic: This is a custom framework. You build such a
system to support a set of applications. When your requirements are to support a wide
range of applications that do not fit into a set or there is no time to design one
yourself, then the better choice is to purchase a generic, full-feature Asynchronous
Process Manager. Conclusion We separated the RMI logic from the application logic. By doing this, we opened up the
world of application queuing and threading, (which is not restricted to RMI). This world
enabled us to:
Then we enhanced the single-process environment into a request broker capable of
parallel processing. We enriched the common memory environment to:
Henceforth, the RMI Server box is no longer empty. About the Author Acknowledgements This article was first published by IBM developerWorks. Download the zip file,
(~160K), for this article. We provide this software under the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC
LICENSE, Version 2, June 1991. The Java Specification,
Chapter 17 Threads and Locks When is a Singleton not a Singleton, by Joshua Fox Can double-checked locking be fixed? by Brian Goetz Warning! Threading in a multiprocessor world, by Allen
Holub Robust Event Logging with Syslog, by Nate Sammons Log4j delivers control over logging, by Ceki G|lc| AlphaWorks Logging Toolkit for Java © 2002 Cooperative Software Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Java RMI Server Framework
March 29, 2002
An RMI Server runs as a separate process in the computer. Since this process is
without restriction to the temporal concurrence of the Client processes, it is
asynchronous. An asynchronous process requires a degree of management necessary to allow
it to execute independently, a framework.
Why are Enterprise Java Beans so successful? Because
they run inside a container -- a framework that manages persistence, messaging, thread
management, logging and much more.
To understand the need for a framework, it is first necessary to briefly get
under the hood of an RMI Server.
The practical solution to these and many more problems is to separate the RMI-Connection
activity from the application processing. One does this by creating an application queuing
and threading structure. This is the way highly reliable, fully mission-critical software
products work.
The operating system refers to the Java Virtual Machine as
a process. The operating system refers to threads as lightweight processes. What we are
going to create are logical processes.
Figure 1 Logical Processes
public interface FrameworkInterface
extends Remote {
public Object[] syncRequest(FrameWorkParm in)
throws RemoteException;
public Object[] asyncRequest(FrameWorkParm in)
throws RemoteException;
public String shutRequest()
throws RemoteException;
public final class FrameWorkParm
implements java.io.Serializable {
private Object input; // input data
private String func_name; // Function name
private int wait_time; // maximum time to wait
private int priority; // priority of the request
Requests stack up in wait lists when no threads are immediately available to act upon
them. When threads finish processing a request, they look in the wait lists for the next
request. This reduces machine overhead by letting each thread complete multiple requests
between a start/stop processing sequence.
By defining the total number of threads in each queue and only instantiating a thread when
it is actually necessary, we limit contention among threads and curtail the thread
overload problem.
public interface DemoCall {
public Object doWork(Object in, FrameWorkInterface fw)
throws java.lang.Throwable;
The thread class then calls the application processing class, to_call.doWork();
1) the reference to the Object from the Client and
2) a reference to the Server itself. The second reference is so the application may call
the Server, as a Client. This is recursion; one of the most useful techniques in
programming and sometimes the most difficult to implement.
In order for any two threads to talk to each other, they must use memory that is
common between them. No one thread owns this memory. It is updateable and viewable by all
Figure 2 Common Memory
How can an RMI-Connection thread find an application queue and wake up an application
thread? Then, how can that application thread wake up the RMI-Connection thread? The
answers lie in the structure of the environment.
public final class FrameWorkBase {
// *--- All are class fields ---*
// Main Array of Queues
public static FrameWorkMain main_tbl = null;
// Function Array
public static FuncHeader func_tbl = null;
// async Array
public static AsyncHeader async_tbl = null;
// sync Array
public static SyncHeader sync_tbl = null;
// Remote Object myself
public static FrameWorkInterface Ti = null;
public final class FrameWorkServer {
// The base for all persistent processing
private static FrameWorkBase T = null;
* main entry point - starts the application
* @param args java.lang.String[]
public static void main(java.lang.String[] args){
// the base for all processing
T = new FrameWorkBase();
// now, after initializing the other FrameWorkBase fields
// including the application queues and threads,
// do the Implementation class
// the Implementation class with a ref to FrameWorkBase
FrameWorkImpl fwi = new FrameWorkImpl(T);
public final class FrameWorkImpl
extends UnicastRemoteObject
implements FrameWorkInterface {
// instance field (base of common memory)
private FrameWorkBase Ty;
// constructor
public FrameWorkImpl (FrameWorkBase T)
throws RemoteException {
// set common memory reference
Ty = T;
The RMI-Connection thread, having a reference to the FrameWorkBase class as an
instance field, searches the Function Array, (described later), for a match on the passed
Function Name.
QueueThread qt1 = new QueueThread();
QueueThread qt2 = new QueueThread();
The fields, qt1 and qt2 are references, therefore, qt1.notify(), wakes up an arbitrary
thread. Since there is only one thread for each QueueThread Object, the notify()
When the application thread finishes processing, it has to find the calling
RMI-Connection thread to wake it up. Finding the RMI-Connection thread is not so easy
since the RMI Runtime spawns threads without a reference to the Object,
(i.e., new RMI-Connection-Thread(), instead of with a reference,
conn_obj = new etc.).
So, how does the application thread know who called it? It doesn't. This is why it must
use notifyAll() and why a little more work is necessary.
// requestor obj to cancel wait
Object requestor;
// Created by RMI-Connection thread
int[] pnp;
// passed back object from the appl thread
Object back;
assigns the first integer to 0 and
assigns the Object requestor = this;.
// posted/not posted indicator: 0=not, 1=yes
// This is for the appl thread to post.
// Java passes arrays by reference, so the
// appl thread may have access to this object.
pnp = new int[1];
pnp[0] = 0;
// the reference to this object's monitor
requestor = this;
// Wait for the request to complete, or, time out
// get the monitor for this RMI object
synchronized (this) {
// until work finished
while (pnp[0] == 0) {
// wait for a post or timeout
try {
// max wait time is the time passed
} catch (InterruptedException e) {}
// When not posted
if (pnp[0] == 0) {
// current time
time_now = System.currentTimeMillis();
// decrement wait time
time_wait -= (time_now - start_time);
// When no more seconds remain
if (time_wait < 1) {
// get out of the loop, timed out
else {
// new start time
start_time = time_now;
// get lock on RMI obj monitor
synchronized (requestor) {
// the object from the application
back = data_object;
// set posted
pnp[0] = 1;
// wake up
The autonomous request does not require the RMI-Connection thread to wait for completion.
Therefore, the autonomous request may seem very simple, but there is one catch. What
happens to the return data from the doWork() method of the
application processing class? It should not be the concern of an application where its
return data goes. A developer must be able to use the same application for a synchronous
or asynchronous request. Therefore, we need an Agent for the autonomous request.
In order to gracefully shut down the RMI Server, (rather than using something like a kill
-9 <pid>), every implementation should contain a shut down method. However, if the
shut down method simply ends the Java Virtual Machine, the
method's return message never makes it back to the Client. The better way is to start a
shut down thread. The shut down thread sleeps about two seconds, (to give the method's
return message a chance to clear the virtual machine), and then the shut down thread
issues System.exit(0).
That wasn't so bad. Now it is time to ask the three major questions necessary for every
Having set up a basic queuing environment it soon becomes evident that some requests
really contain multiple actions, or components. For instance -- a request may require
accesses to two different databases. We could access each database in a linear fashion but
the second access must wait for the first to complete.
public final class ObjDetail {
private Object obj; // object from Client
private int status; // 0 = available, 1 = busy
public final class SyncDetail {
private int[] output; // output data array pointers
private int input; // input area pointer, if any
private int status; // 0=avail 1=busy
private int nbr_que; // total queue's in function
private int nbr_remaining; // remaining to be processed
private int next_output; // next output in list
private int wait_time; // max wait time in seconds
private Object requestor; // requestor obj to cancel wait
private int[] pnp; // 0 not posted, 1 is posted
public final class AsyncDetail {
private int input; // pointer to input
private int out_agent; // pointer to agent name
private int function; // pointer to function name
private int nbr_que; // nbr of queues in function
private int nbr_remaining; // remaining unprocessed
private int status; // 0 = available, 1 = busy
private int next_output; // next output subscript
private int[] que_names; // subscripts of all the queues
private int[] output; // output array
public final class StallDetail {
private long entered; // time entered
private long at_name; // Async Array generated name
private int gen_name; // Async Array pointer
private int status; // 0 = available, 1 = busy
private int times_checked; // times checked
private int failed_reason; // why it is here
How can a Server know the components of a request? The component structure is information
the developer knows from the beginning. In the basic framework, there is a single queue
for each Function. In the request broker framework, there is a list of queues for each
Function. The list of queues associated with each Function is the component
structure. The class is the FuncDetail array.
public final class FuncDetail {
private String name; // Function name
private long used; // times used
private int agent; // optional agent queue subscript
private int nbr_que; // number of queues in this entry
private int[] qtbl; // array of queues
Figure 3 Common Memory Referencing
An additional requirement for any asynchronous process is a way to monitor the logical
processes. The autonomous requests execute without any task waiting for their completion
and when they stall, detecting that stall is difficult. One way to monitor the environment
is with a daemon thread that scans the environment periodically. Daemon simply means that
it is not part of a particular application or RMI-Connection. When the monitor thread
finds a problem, it may log the problem, send a message to a middleware message queue or
internally notify another remote object. The action depends on the application. A common
function is to place the details of the autonomous request into a stalled array, (StallDetail).
What to do then is also application dependent.
Now that we've talked about threads and queues we're sure it is a little
confusing. It is time to put it all together with a demonstration. If you haven't downloaded the zip file yet, then do so now.
/Source - Contains all the source code for this article
/Classes - Contains all the class files for this article including a policy.all file for
The excitement comes when many Clients hit on the Server simultaneously. Additionally,
without a visualization tool you would have no way of knowing what is going on. Within
this package, there are two classes that do just that, (this is the section, load it
In this brief article, we can only examine the skeleton of an Asynchronous
Process Manager. Some supplemental elements are:
See also: The open source project, Log4j, Nate Sammons' article on Syslog, the AlphaWorks
Logging Toolkit for Java, in Resources.
Ok, there's a lot to it. Nobody claims building backend applications is simple.
Remember, the Java architects put a colossal effort into
building the EBJ and GUI frameworks. What do we now have?
Since his thesis on "Transactional Queuing and Sub-Tasking", Edward Harned has been actively honing his
multi-threading and multi-processing talents. First, leading projects as an employee in
major industries and then as an independent consultant. Today, Ed is a senior developer at
Cooperative Software Systems where, for the last
four years, he has used Java to bring asynchronous-process solutions to a wide range of
tasks. When not talking to threads, he sails, skis and photographs in New England.