text: Cat II/III Subgroup (CSG) Report Navigation System Panel (NSP) Report of the Meeting of the CAT II/III Subgroup (CSG) Montreal, Canada Mar 31st -Apr 3rd 2008 1.0 General The CAT II/III Subgroup met on Mar 31st through Apr 3rd, 2008 in conjunction with the NSP Working Group 1 Meeting held during that week. The Agenda for the meeting is given in Attachment A. The agenda was reviewed, amended and accepted by the group at the beginning of the meeting. A list of working papers and information papers considered by the group is given in Attachment B. The CSG held 4 teleconferences since the last meeting in Montreal (Oct 2007) to advance the work on requirements for GBAS to support CAT II/III operations. In addition, the CSG SARPs drafting group continued to work by correspondence to development the draft of proposed SARPs amendments for GBAS to support CAT II/III. At this meeting, the CSG continued to discuss the development of requirements for GBAS as agreed at the meeting in Brussels (May 2006). Work was also done on several issues related to the maintenance of GBAS and GRAS SARPs. 2.0 Review status of GBAS Development Reports on GBAS Status in Various State This meeting began with a series of short status briefings and oral reports from all the states and organizations represented concerning plans and work specific to GBAS development. FAA GBAS Status Update (IP 21) The FAA is continuing to pursue research and development of GBAS technology and is supporting applicant request(s) for GBAS system design approval within the National Airspace (NAS). In 2008, the FAA and Honeywell plan to complete the system design approval (SDA) for the SLS-4000, a Category-I GBAS. Initiation of facility and service approvals are anticipated to follow completion of SDA for an updated GBAS installation in Memphis, TN USA. Coordination continues with the international community to support world wide development and implementation of GBAS technology. The program office continues to provide support for requirements development to support Category-III service. Evaluation is ongoing of the GAST-D proposal, and the ability of single frequency GBAS technology to support it. EUROCONTROL status No one was available to give a status report on Eurocontrol GBAS activities. GBAS status in Germany On September 5th, 2007 the first GBAS approach in Europe with a commercial airliner (TUIfly Boeing B737-800) was done at Bremen international airport, Germany under visual meteorological conditions. With the acceptance of the EC declaration of verification by the German national supervisory authority on February 5th, 2008 the airliner can use GBAS service down to NPA minima with the necessity to monitor the approach e.g. by ILS. In preparation of this restricted operational use a prototype GBAS ground subsystem in Bremen had to be qualified through GBAS ground and flight testing. The first testing campaign was done in May 2007 and was repeated in February 2008 under different meteorological conditions. Some of the lessons learned are discussed in WP20 of this meeting. Japan Japan Civil Aviation Bureau (JCAB) still has no firm plans for GBAS operation and implementation. Electronic Navigation Research Institute (ENRI) continues to develop a GBAS Test Bed, its architecture and monitoring algorithms. ENRI has recently been working on the development and evaluation of GBAS using SBAS ranging sources to improve the availability of service. This activity has uncovered an issue about the SBAS ephemeris change timing between the airborne receiver and the ground reference receiver. This issue only affects GBAS receivers using SBAS ranging signal, but does not affect SBAS receivers using SBAS ranging signals. (Details regarding this issue were provided in a paper at this meeting.) ENRI also has a plan to do a flight test to check for interoperability between their GBAS ground system and an airborne MMR receiver. Australia Australia is continuing GBAS development programs with the GBAS at Sydney having completed 800 approaches by aircraft in revenue flight. Airservices Australia and Honeywell sponsored a demonstration flight from the ATC Global Conference in Amsterdam to Bremen, Germany for senior industry executives. The flight on a Tuifly 737-800 conducted an approach guided by GBAS provisioned by DFS Germany. The flight was successful in highlighting the upcoming commercial release of Cat I GBAS. India Airport Authorities of India (AAI) reported that they have plans to implement GBAS systems at two airports, one at Delhi airport and a second at Mumbai airport. In March 2008, AAI has placed the order to M/s Thales on Supply, Installation, Testing and Commissioning (SITC) basis. The current implementation plan of the GBAS is scheduled to be made operational by December 2009. Brazil A representative from Departamento de Controle de Espaço Aéreo, (DECEA) reported on the status of GBAS development in Brazil. Brazil continues to operate a GBAS test prototype. A Hawker 800 has been outfitted with a GNLU 930 MMR and tests have been conducted on both straight in and curved approaches. The Brazilian GNSS program has been focused on characterization of the ionosphere with the goal of developing an ionospheric anomaly threat model applicable to a GBAS implementation in Brazil. At a previous meeting, the CSG had been briefed regarding a program where DECEA had an airplane standing by to fly tests when an ionospheric anomaly was detected using an all-sky imager which can detect atmospheric electron densities. (This event detection will accomplished by the Research Group on Solar Physics from UNIVAP (Universidade do Vale do Paraiba), an university located in Sao Jose dos Campos (Sao Paulo)). As reported in Delhi, the test has not been conducted because no significant events have happened. It is currently the low point of the solar cycle. In addition to that program, DECEA is contracting with a local university to analyze the WAAS test bed data collected between 2003 and now. The analysis of that data is expected to take on the order of 14 months. The result will be validation of an ionospheric threat model that is valid for Brazil. The current goal is for Brazil to have a certified ground station by 2010. Russian Federation Following successful compatibility tests carried out in collaboration with EUROCONTROL and DFS in 2006-2007, further work on the development and introduction of GBAS is underway. Tests of the first GBAS prototype continue at the local airfield near Moscow, and a pre-production GBAS station conforming to ICAO SARPs for GBAS is undergoing operational trials at the Tjumen airport. Subject to the results of operational trials and user equipage additional stations are expected to be deployed to support helicopter and corporate aircraft operations in that oil reach Siberian region. Testing of user equipment is also underway. GBAS Status in the United Kingdom The United Kingdom has no current plans to implement GBAS, either as trial or permanent installations. GBAS Status in France There is no change in the status of GBAS in France. A non-certified GBAS ground station is maintained in Toulouse to support Airbus certification activities and to gain experience with the system. Some work may be done with the ground station to support validation of the standards. However, the ground station in Toulouse will be maintained in a configuration that is compliant with the current CAT I SARPs. GBAS Status with respect to the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) EASA is close to finalizing approval of GLS with autoland on the A380 in Category I or better weather conditions. First delivery will be on Qantas, later this year. Thailand There is currently no plan to implement GBAS in Thailand. 3.0 Status of Requirements Developments in Other Groups RTCA Dean Rudy briefed RTCA SC159 WG-4 status. The last meeting was held Jan 22-24, 2008. After a review of the status of other relevant groups, the working group reviewed several issues related to maintenance of the existing documents (LAAS MOPS and ICD). Briefly, these topics included: applicability of airborne multipath model to helicopters, a proposed change to the requirement that Dmax must be used for the Approach Service, test procedure harmonization Issues with DO-229D (WAAS MOPS), and new velocity requirements to support ADS B. WG4 then addressed CAT III updates to those documents. At the previous meeting and at subsequent teleconferences, the WG had conducted a page-by-page walk though of the proposed updates to DO-253 and DO-246. The result of this review was a list of issues and actions. At this meeting, the status of several of the items on the actions list was reported, resulting in discussions that matured the draft, and in some cases, additions to the action list. Since the Jan meeting, WG4 has held four teleconferences, using the actions list as a framework for the discussion. The next meeting for WG4 is Apr 15-17. The work plan will be reviewed then; telecons in May – August are likely, but TBD. The goal is still for WG4 to generate finished drafts of CAT II and III updates to DO-253 and DO-246 for final review and comment approximately 30+ days prior to the SC-159 Plenary Meeting following April (approximately September). Papers from the last meeting are available on the web site http://SC159.tc.faa.gov. EUROCAE EUROCAE WG28 has met at the end of January 2008 and has confirmed new terms of reference. The past subgroup structure is abandoned and the group will meet in plenary session from now on. Its primary tasks are now: completion of ED-88A (MMR MOPS), currently foreseen for May 2008 Update of ED-114 (GBAS ground MOPS), planned for the 2008-2009 period, notably to keep it current with ICAO SARPS and to incorporate the testing experience acquired Identification of relevant documents for the GBAS CS mandate Aid harmonization of European positions for ICAO and RTCA on GBAS, particularly on Cat II/III developments. This is to be achieved in co-ordination with WG62, RTCA SC 159 and the ICAO NS Panel, proposing inputs to the ICAO NS Panel as appropriate. Next meeting is 6-7 May 2008 at EUROCAE, Paris. 4.0 Development of Standards for GBAS to Support Category II/III Operations 4.1 Agenda Item 3.a – Review of Proposed Requirements Development WP-4 Common Open Questions on the proposed GPS/L1 GBAS CAT III SARPS and the Ranging Source Monitoring Requirements This paper raises questions on the integrity-related changes made in the proposal for SARPS for GBAS to support CATIII operations. More particularly it questions the Ranging Source Monitoring Requirement specified in Appendix B, §22.214.171.124.3. This requirement is in the form of a constraint region for the acceptable probabilities of missed detection of a set of defined ranging source failures (Pmd vs |Er| requirement). CSG members were invited to provide answers to the questions raised in this WP in order to support validation of the proposed SARPS and increase the general understanding of the integrity related changes in the proposal for SARPS for GBAS CATIII. CSG members were invited by the paper to: 1. Note the importance of getting a better understanding of the derivation of the Ranging Source Monitoring requirement specified in Appendix B, §220.127.116.11.3 in the form of a constraint region for the acceptable probabilities of missed detection of a set of defined ranging source failures. 2. Provide answers to the questions raised in this WP in order to support the SARPS validation and to increase general understanding of the proposal for SARPs for GPS/L1 GBAS CATII and in particular of the integrity related changes. 3. Note that guidance material should include explanation of the issues raised in this WP. The group discussed the recommendations and agreed that a clear understanding of the Ranging Source Monitoring Requirements in Appendix B 18.104.22.168.3 is essential for validation of the proposed SARPS amendment. It was noted that actions already exist in the matrix to provide additional explanatory information including guidance material. Progress on those actions has been slow due to resource being devoted to the current CAT I certification program. The group discussed the need for a concise paper describing the proposed requirements and how they work together in conjunction with air worthiness certifications to provide safe operations should be developed. Much of this material has been presented in previous papers, but the story is scattered across too many references and those references include information which may no longer be pertinent (or even correct). Also, there are clearly gaps that have not been addressed in any of the papers presented so far. The group agreed that additional guidance material was needed, and in fact noted that actions have been assigned to develop that guidance material. However, it was also agreed that guidance material did not need to address every single issue raised in WP 4 as some historical/background information may not necessarily be helpful to states as they apply SARPS. After discussion, it was agreed that 1) the open questions should be tracked in a matrix used to reference documentation that give the answers. 2) a concise paper describing the proposed requirements and how they work together in conjunction with air worthiness certifications to provide safe operations should be developed. An action was given to Jason Burns to lead an ad-hoc activity to produce that paper (action 84). IP 2 – Common Questions concerning GPS/L1 CAT III GBAS This paper is an update of WP 14 from the Oct07 meeting. This paper has as objective to provide some background to the current GPS/L1 CAT III GBAS proposal. The first draft of this paper was reviewed meeting July 2007 (Seattle). The paper captures some of the main concepts and rationale behind the current proposal. The paper also collects some unresolved issues and notes areas where additional work is needed. The paper is intended to be like a Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) document for the proposal. It is a working draft that is expected to evolve as the proposal matures. Significant additions have been made to the paper since the last draft. The work to extend this paper is the genesis of many of the new questions raised in WP 4 described above. The group reaffirmed that this "FAQ" paper should continue to be updated. WP 3- GPS/L1 CAT III GBAS effect on multi-constellation CAT II/III GBAS SARPS This paper notes that changes, being made in the CAT I GBAS SARPS for a GPS/L1 CAT III GBAS, which uses only GPS L1 (and perhaps GLONASS) signals, will have implications and possibly limited flexibility for a future CAT II/III GBAS using multiple signals and constellations. Recommendations are made for the CSG to consider various aspects of the standards to ensure that a multi-frequency, multi-constellation CAT II/III GBAS will be easier to introduce into SARPS in future. These aspects are notably: Datalink capacity, SARPs structure, Terminology and Requirements methodology. WP 3 recommends: 1. That the members already consider the impact of the VDB capacity when defining the GAST D SARPS, based on the need to introduce additional messages and data for a multi-constellation CAT II/III GBAS. 2. That the members consider the possible impact of introducing a multi- constellation CATII/III GBAS on the GBAS SARPS structure. 3. That members consider the implications of the extension of the GST, GAST terminology and their lower level classes to a multi-constellation CAT II/III GBAS. Some of the implications may already be visible when considering GLONASS in the GAST C SARPS. 4. That members consider the implications of extending the performance requirements methodology to multi-constellation CAT II/III GBAS systems. IP 3 and IP 4 were provided in support of WP 3. However, these IP's were not presented or discussed in details. The contents of IP 3 and IP 4 are summarized in WP 3 in support of the points made by that paper. The group agreed that some consideration of the extensibility of the current proposal to support multiple constellation, multiple frequency systems in the future should be done in support of validation. To this end it was agreed that the recommendations should be addressed by the development of a working paper to be presented in support of validation. Further it was agreed that it would be sufficient for validation if an architecture using 2 core constellations and two frequencies (i.e. L1 and L5/E5) could be described and then shown to feasibly be accommodated on a single frequency using the current datalink standard. Andreas Lipp was given the action to lead the effort to develop this paper (see action 85). WP 17 - Proposed Changes to GBAS SARPs to Introduce GAST D This paper presents the latest draft SARPS change proposal to introduce a new service level intended to support CAT III operations. A drafting group was charged by CSG with development of a proposed set of SARPs changes that implement the multiple service types under consideration including the new service type intended to support CAT II/III. A draft was developed and presented to the CSG in July of 2007. The drafting group continued to edit this draft over a series of teleconferences. The draft was reviewed during the last meeting and again over another series of teleconferences which were open to the entire CSG membership. The attachments to this paper contains the latest draft to support review and maturation of the SARPs changes during this meeting. The CSG conducted a paragraph by paragraph review of the Draft SARPS proposal during the meeting. Chapters 2 & 3 and most of Appendix B were covered. (Guidance Material has yet to be reviewed by the collective group. During the review a number of deficiencies in the current draft were identified and some actions were assigned to address these deficiencies. 5.0 SARPs Maintenance Issues WP 15 - Proposed Maintenance Changes to GBAS SARPs This paper summarizes the list of "maintenance" changes to the CAT I GBAS SARPS that the CSG has accumulated to date. At the last meeting in Montreal (Oct 07), the group agreed that maintenance changes not directly related to introduction of CAT II/III would be collected in a separate document along with references to validation material. Dean Rudy was charged with collecting the known maintenance changes and producing a document. The group reviewed the document and two issues were noted: A typographical error in table B-78 had been identified earlier and needs to be added to this list of changes The level of validation material needed to support the Guidance Material changes for the VHF datalink to provide longer distance coverage was questioned. An action was assigned to an ad-hoc committee led by Dean Rudy to investigate whether the validation of this change was sufficient. (See action 86) WP 22 - GBAS Maximum Use Distance (Dmax) This paper presents the operational drawbacks imposed by the current definition of the Maximum Use Distance (Dmax) in the SARPS and recommends a change to the requirement and definition. This issue was introduced at the last meeting and an action was assigned (action 70) to address this issue. In response the WP reiterates the rationale for a change to the applicability of Dmax such that only the positioning service is limited by Dmax. SARPs and Guidance Material changes were proposed in the paper and were reviewed by the group. The group agreed to accept the proposal contingent on validation. The required steps for validation are: 1) Inspection – Action to Dean Rudy to review the proposed change carefully and verify by inspection that no use of Dmax was overlooked or that the proposed changes do not introduced unintended consequences (action 87) 2) Assessment of any Operational impacts. – International GBAS Working Group has an activity to address the operational issues associated with Dmax. Andreas Lipp will make them aware of this proposed requirements change and bring feedback from that group (action 88) WP 16 - GBAS SARPs Requirements for Excessive RFI This paper discusses the need for SARPs requirements related to the effects of excessive Radio Frequency Interference on the Category III GBAS ground subsystem. Several options are discussed and proposed SARPs changes for each option were presented. There was some confusion as to whether the Signal in Space integrity level was intended to cover the case of RFI above the mask. It was noted that both the EUROCAE and the FAA apparently understood that it does since both organizations introduced derived ground station requirements associated with integrity performance when operating with RFI above the mask. The paper invited the group to: a) note the options identified in the paper and provide feedback; b) recommend preferred options for further development; and c) consider the need for a similar requirement for Category I systems. During the discussion that ensued, a wide variety of views existed within the group. Some believed that the SARPs was lacking a requirement with a definitive shall associated with some ground station requirement on performance in the presence of RFI above the mask. These people supported the introduction of a requirement for the ground subsystem similar to the requirement that exists for the airborne system, i.e. "the ground subsystem shall not produce HMI when operating in the presence of interference above the mask". Others believed that the integrity requirement was the fundamental requirement and that ground subsystem requirements would have to be derived based on system architecture, receiver technology used and the RF environment and spectrum protection practices of the state where the GBAS is to be deployed. These people preferred the option of addressing the issue with additional guidance material explaining how states could insure the overall integrity requirement is met given the possibility of interference. After some discussion, the group agreed to give the issue back to ad-hoc with a stated preference for options 2 and/or 4/5. The group noted that any new proposed requirement would need to consider potential impacts to GRAS and the CAT I SARPS. WP 11 – Operating Frequencies for GBAS This paper was discussed in a Joint session with SSG. This working paper suggests that the ITU Radio Regulations have been modified in a way such that it may be an appropriate time to consider extending the operating frequency range of GBAS to include 118.0 – 137 MHz. The Working Paper highlights some of the reasons why this is possible and was intended to stimulate discussion on whether the extension adds benefit to GBAS operations. The NSP was invited by the Working Paper to: i) Consider whether the extension of the frequency band used for GBAS would add benefit to the introduction of GBAS; ii) If necessary add this work to the work programme of the NSP. The group discussed the proposal and many diverse opinions as the feasibility of such a suggestion were offered. In general the enthusiasm for the proposal was low. Yet, given the congestion issues in the VHF navigation band, it could not be argued that the proposal should not be considered further. Consequently the UK was invited to bring another paper (action 89) to a future NSP meeting which: Gives a detailed example of how a GBAS allocation could be made it the VHF com band (118-137 MHz) without giving or receiving harmful interference. Estimates the value of the proposition in terms of the amount of spectrum that could practically be obtained in this manner and discusses what kind of difference this might make on the viability of GBAS, particularly in Europe. IP 5 – SBAS GEO as GBAS Ranging Source The use of both GPS satellites and SBAS GEO as ranging sources for GBAS will improve the Protection Level of GBAS users. Japanese GBAS in Sendai Airport has a capability of processing both GPS satellites and SBAS satellites as GBAS ranging sources. In 2007, spike errors were observed at the time of SBAS Type9 Message update. This information paper provides the study result regarding the cause of this issue which is originated from the different way of message synchronization between GBAS ground segment and airborne user. The possibility of potential integrity risk is still under investigation. Mitigation for this issue had been proposed and implemented in Sendai GBAS and spikes have been eliminated at present. It will next be investigated as to whether this issue causes GBAS HMI or not. The mitigation result will be presented at a future meeting and related SARPs change may be proposed if this issue proves to be the cause of a GBAS integrity risk. The paper asserts that it is very important for availability and continuity of GBAS to use SBAS GEO as ranging source, particularly if the quality of GEO ranging signal could be equivalent to a GPS ranging signal. However, since the ranging signal quality of current SBAS GEO is degraded due to the narrow bandwidth of the GEO on-board filter, SBAS ranging may only be beneficial for SBAS GEO's of newer generation. WP 20 - GBAS Ground and Flight Testing Experience This working paper presents some of the results and provides suggestions for clarifications and editorial corrections of ICAO Doc 8071 Vol. II chapter 4. The initial results presented in this paper show a good repeatability of the measurements and support the Doc 8071 recommendation to limit GBAS flight testing to commissioning and special events. The paper discusses some of the challenges to implement GBAS flight testing capability in a flight inspection aircraft. The NSP members are invited to 1. note the results provided; 2. note the good repeatability of the VDB measurements that support the recommendation to limit GBAS flight inspection to commissioning and special events; 3. discuss the necessity of a 12 month periodicity for on site measurements of the power transmitted in adjacent channels above the fourth that is not done for other navigation aids in this frequency band; 4. clarify the wording of the FAS data points accuracy recommendation; It was further proposed that the ICAO Secretariat corrects wrong paragraph reference numbers in the tables II-4-2A, II-4-2B, and II-4-4 in the next release of ICAo Doc 8071 Vol. II. After some discussion it was agreed that a small group would produce a flimsy that consolidated and summarized the changes to Doc 8071 proposed in the paper. This group produced flimsy 3 ("Future ICAO Doc 8071 Vol. II Chapter 4 GBAS updates") which was reviewed by the CSG. The CSG agreed that as experience with GBAS was gained and those experiences should enable improvements to Doc 8071, Vol. II. The group resolved that proposed changes to Doc 8071 should be accumulated in a list in much the same manner that GBAS SARPS Maintenance changes are being accumulated. Winfried Dunkel volunteered to manage the accumulation of changes for Doc 8071, Vol. II for the CSG. 6.0 Future Work Program Future Work Plan The CSG established the work schedule below to progress the development of standards for GBAS to support CAT II/III. Between now and the next meeting (to be held in Toulouse), the subgroup will work via email and teleconference. A small drafting group will continue development of the SARPs change proposal. The members of the drafting group are: Tim Murphy, Barbara Clark, Andreas Lipp, Pierre Ladoux, and Kim Class. The schedule for development is as follows: Milestone Responsible Date Circulate draft Tim Murphy 4/4/2008 incorporating edits from this meeting (v 0.5) Concept Paper Draft to Jason Burns 5/6/08 CSG Teleconference to review All CSG 5/13/08 draft of the concept paper. Written Comments on Next All CSG 5/23/08 Draft incorporating edits from this meeting due Teleconference to address All interested CSG Parties 5/27/08 the outstanding questions list Revised draft (v 0.6) – Tim Murphy 6/6/08 addressing comment round to extent possible First Draft Validation Dean Rudy 6/6/08 Matrix for version (v 0.6) Teleconference – coordinate All CSG 6/17/08 for July Meeting CSG Meeting – Summer CSG July 8-10 2008, Toulouse (Toulouse) CSG Meeting - Fall CSG Oct 27 – Oct 30, 2008 - Montreal The group defined the following schedule for teleconferences: Teleconferences: All teleconferences begin at 6 AM Seattle, WA, USA time unless otherwise indicated. 5/13/08 – Teleconference to review concept paper 5/27/08 – Teleconference to discuss outstanding questions paper 6/17/08 – Teleconference to coordinate for July Meeting Drafting group teleconferences will be scheduled as needed. The group reviewed and updated the actions list and issues matrix provided in Attachment C. 7.0 Summary and Conclusions The CSG continues to make progress towards the development of standards for GBAS to support CAT II/III operations. The goal of initial SARPs development and validation by the end of 2008 appears infeasible. Progress on the SARPs has been impeded by the fact that some of the resources needed to complete and validate the standards are still very engaged in the current CAT I program. The revised goal is a stable draft and technical validation sufficient to support acceptance by WG 1 by the NSP meeting in 2Q 2009. A series of teleconferences and one additional meeting (beyond the two normal joint meetings) are planned for 2008. The group will continue to work via email and teleconferences between meetings. Attachment A Agenda: CAT II/III Subgroup Meeting July 23-25, 2007 -Seattle Proposed Agenda 1. Agenda review 2. Review the Status of GBAS Development Around the room: States report on the status of GBAS projects – (IP 21) 3. Subjects to be Discussed (CSG Agenda Items) GBAS SARPs Issues a. GBAS SARPS Maintenance Changes (WP 15, WP 22) b. GBAS SARPs Requirements for Excessive RFI (WP 16) c. GBAS Spectrum (WP 11) d. SBAS Ranging Sources in GBAS (IP 5) GBAS cat II/III e. Requirements Development (WP 4, IP 2) f. Implication of GAST D Proposal on Future Mulit- Constellation/Frequency GBAS (WP 3, IP 3, IP 4) g. Review of Draft SARPs Changes for GAST D (WP 17) 4. Discussion of the Work Plan Review of the Work Plan (Actions, flimsy to come) Review Issues list and status matrix (Attachment B) Plan for next meeting Attachment B LIST OF WORKING PAPERS for CSG Meeting – July 23-25, 2007 -Seattle WP No. Agenda Subject Presented by Item GPS/L1 CAT III GBAS effect on multi-constellation G.Gulean and 3 3.f CAT II/III GBAS SARPS P.Flament Open Questions on the proposed GPS/L1 GBAS CAT III 4 3.e SARPS and the Ranging Source Monitoring G.Gulean Requirements 11 3.c Operating Frequencies for GBAS K.Ashton 15 3.a Proposed Maintenance Changes to GBAS SARPs T.Murphy 16 3.b GBAS SARPs Requirements for Excessive RFI T.Murphy Proposed Changes to GBAS SARPs to Introduce GAST 17 3.g T.Murphy D 22 3.a GBAS Maximum Use Distance (Dmax) T Murphy IP No. Agenda Subject Presented by Item 2 3.e Common Questions concerning GPS/L1 CAT III GBAS G.Gulean Study of the effect of the GPS/L1 CAT III GBAS on 3 3.f G.Gulean multi-constellation CAT II/III GBAS SARPS Galileo/GPS multi constellation multi frequency GBAS 4 3.f G.Gulean and GAST D - Implications on the VDB capacity - 5 3.d SBAS GEO as GBAS Ranging Source T.Ueki 21 2 FAA GBAS Status Update Bruce DeCleene Flimsy Agenda Subject Presented by No. Item 1 CAT II/III Subgroup Agenda and Supporting Material CSG Rapporteur 3 3.a Future ICAO Doc 8071 Vol. II Chapter 4 GBAS updates Stefan Naerlich Attachment C Revised Issues List and Action Plan as a Result of CSG Meeting - July 23-25 , 2007 Seattle Number Action Volunteer Due By Status 1 Perform a limit case analysis for ILS to establish comparative Barbara Clark .? 10/10/2002 – Barbara Clark baseline reported that the FAA has been unable to make progress on this item. The FAA is investigating an alternate approach. None of the subgroup members picked up this action item. Status – inactive. OBE given work on EURCAE/RTCA limit case analysis. Closed 2 Research ICAO requirements for terrain prior to threshold. Bob Jeans Next GNSSP WGH San Antonio – WP Produce a summary and circulate Teleconference 19 Closed ~ 1 Mo. 3 Ensure that Curt Shively gets Pierre Gayraud's comments to Barbara Clark ASAP Completed – Closed his paper. 4 Post Curt Shively's paper on the website for peer review. Tim Murphy Next Closed Teleconference ~ 1 Mo. 5 Harmonize computational models to ensure everyone is getting Tim Murphy, ASAP. Report 10/10/2002 – Discussion during the same results. Barbara Clark, at next Phone Conference Juan Jose teleconference GNSSP WGH IP-6. On offline Navarro teleconference is planned for sometime in 11/02 – Closed (Toulouse Meeting) 6 Provide information relative to harmonization of GBAS Steve Provide GNSSP WGH San Antonio - WP approaches with visual aids. (This relates to the viability of Leighton information 20 Closed fixing the threshold crossing height). ASAP for circulation. 7 Review the Issues matrix and identify any missing issues that All (assigned Teleconference Open: Nothing added since Oct need to be resolved for validation. 10/22/02) in December 2005. 2002. Next teleconference (Aug 2005) 8 Review and compare RTCA and EURCAE methodologies that Barbara Clark Distribute (post Closed: NSP WG 1 Flimsy 4 resulted in 5.3 and 4.4 meter VAL's respectively & Christophe to web site) by 11/2003. Dehaynain December (assigned Teleconference 10/22/02) 9 Present the draft airborne requirement for code-carrier Barbara Clark Teleconference Closed – Reference RTCA divergence monitoring currently being developed by RTCA. (assigned Jan 2004. MASPS 11/16/03) 10 Verify Calculations in CSG/2 WP/10 for ILS CRM Andreas Lipp St. Petersburg Closed: See item 23. displacement distributions and Juan Jose meeting Navarro Phuket Meeting 11 Coordinate with OCP member on CRM comparison analysis. Andreas Lipp By Closed: Coordination done: St Get feedback on CSG/2 WP 10 Teleconference Petersburg paper WP 21 12 Draft SARPs and Guidance Material on GBAS approach Randy Draft for review Closed: OBE see later action… service level of service. Based on CSG/2 WP 8 Hartman Tim at next Murphy and teleconference Barbara Clark meeting 13 Provide additional information on Radar Altimeter integration Juan Jose Closed (OBE) in CSG/2 IP/2 Navarro JJN 14 Draft WP on High Level Requirements. Ref CSG/2 Flimsy 1 Dean Rudy Draft for review Closed – WP XX St Petersburg at next teleconference 15 Discuss path bias at break out issues related to biased T. Murphy AWOHWG Open: – Discussion with touchdown point with AWOHWG Meeting 3/8/04 AWOHWG on 3/8/04. Need reference for summary. 16 Prepare a working paper on the signal model for review by T. Murphy St. Petersburg Closed – Montreal IP 17 CSG WGW 17 Prepare a WP paper on the need for CMN. Should include a Dominique St. Petersburg Closed – St P WP 30. proposed form of the requirement. Pomies WGW 18 Discuss fixed TCH with AWOHWG T. Murphy & AWOHWG Open - Discussion on 3/8/04. B. Clark Meeting 3/8/04 Need reference for summary. Inactive. Closed (051019) 19 Prepare working paper on alternative convolution methods. T. Murphy St. Petersburg Closed: Closed based on WP 52 CSG/3 @ Bangkok Meeting. 20 Prepare a working paper explaining why the change of Barbara Clark, Barbara to bring Closed: WP 18 Bangkok Meeting terminology from "per approach" to "in any one operation" Bob Jeans and paper to was adopted and why this does not constitute any subtle Christophe Bangkok change in meaning that will invalidate any existing systems Dehaynian based on the previous requirements. 21 Modify GBAS draft SARPs to align with most recent version Tim Murphy Tim to bring Open Closed : WP 41 Monteal (post GRAS updates) and implement suggested structure for and Barbara paper to 10/05 inclusion of service level table in the Guidance material. Clark Montreal Meeting 22 Write a paper to address recommendation b) in WP 21 from Andreas Lipp Bangkok Closed: WP 22 Bangkok Meeting the St. Petersburg meeting: "ensure that these assumptions are meeting met for the CAT II system." 23 Coordinate on the independent verification of the Tim Murphy, Tim to bring Open Closed WP 32 Montreal computational results of WP 10 from the Toulouse meeting. Andreas Lipp paper to 10/05 Ensure that the worst case conditions as addressed in WP 21 and Juan Jose Montreal from the St. Petersburg meeting are accounted for. Navarro Andreas to bring paper to Montreal 24 Consider the requirements for facility classifications and come All CSG Bangkok Closed: OBE see Actions 28 and to the next meeting prepared to make a decision regarding members meeting 29 whether integrity and continuity should be separated or Bob Jeans to combined. bring paper to Bangkok 25 Consider the need for an approach classification scheme and All CSG Low priority Open: Addressed in WP 46 at provide feedback. Needs to be matured maybe. Not a high members until more Bangkok. priority item. mature proposal Discussed again in WP 30, Delhi is made 03/07 Further discussion required. Closed – OBE. Plan to use it in the draft. 26 Clarification of how method 2 relates VAL to the 10-9 integrity Barbara Clark Montreal Progress towards action in WP 40 requirement. Address the issue of noisy measurements vice Brussels of Bangkok Meeting other types of failures. Meeting WP – 63 & 64 from Brussels 2006 FAA to bring Closed 5/06 Brussels paper 27 Prepare a paper on the need for and form of lower level Jason Burns Bangkok Open: Progress towards action in requirements to support method 2. Brussels WP 40 of Bangkok Meeting. Meeting More discussion in IP 18 of FAA to bring Montreal Meeting. paper WP – 63 & 64 from Brussels 2006 Closed 5/06 Brussels 28 Andreas Lipp to draft a paper on GBAS service levels and Andreas Lipp Next Mtg in Opened 5/12/2005 facility classifications with emphasis on requirements arising Montreal Closed: WP 31 Montreal 2006 from operational use of the classification scheme Meeting 29 CSG Members to consider operational use of a classification All CSG Inputs to next Opened 5/12/2005 scheme for GBAS ground equipment, airborne equipment, Members mtg in Montreal WP 31 Montreal mtg. approach facility and SIS service levels and make inputs at the Closed 3/07 Delhi Meeting next meeting. Reference Action 48&49 30 Consider if it is operationally acceptable to have a "critical All CSG Inputs to next Opened 5/12/2005 satellite check" and to not allow the initiation of the approach Members meeting in WP 35 Montreal Mtg. based on a small probability that the approach will not be able Montreal WP 61 – 5/06 Brussels to be completed. ICCAIA to Closed 05/06 bring paper to the next meeting (to include feedback from Airbus ops) Agreed we will find a way to avoid a critical satellite check 31 Barbara Clark to take WP 21 (Bangkok Meeting) to next Barbara Clark Report status at 5/12/2005 RTCA to solicit feedback. and/or next Completed Richard Idiens teleconference Closed: - : 32 Define terminology and interpretations of alert limits. Bob Jeans, Draft ready by 5/12/2005 Barbara Clark, next Closed: WP 14 Montreal. and Dean teleconference. Discussion at Montreal Meeting Rudy Paper for the and Actions 26 and 27. Montreal Meeting 33 Tim Murphy to schedule a telecon (in August) to progress the Tim Murphy July 20 5/12/2005 alert limit discussion. Closed: 34 Define the use of 10-5 TSE criteria on derivation of the alert Barbara Clark Paper (or 2) for Opened 10/20/2004 limits. and Bob Jeans the Montreal IP 18 Montreal describes RTCA Brussels approach to use of 10-5. Meeting Closed 05/06 – Brussels 35 Provide, as available, data from GBAS Ionosphere work (short Keith Lower priority Opened 10/19/2005 baseline). McPherson WP19 Montreal 06 (European Commission) 36 Refine Example SARPs and Guidance material Tim, Andreas India Meeting Opened 10/19/2005 modification/reorganization according to facility type, service Barb (Seattle Closed 10/07– Draft exists turned levels and approach classifications meeting) over to drafting group . 37 Review if approach selection method in WP 58 of the Andreas Lipp Brussels Opened 10/19/2005 Montreal meeting, adequately addressing operational Issues Meeting WP - 31 Brussels Considered in WP 34 of the Montreal Meeting. Include Closed: 05.06 Brussels consideration of whether WP 58 introduces any new operational considerations. 38 Develop a high level requirements validation matrix. Dean Rudy/ Review in Opened 10/19/2005 Bob Jeans Teleconference IP 26 – Brussels. in December 05 Closed: 05/06 – Brussels (See Action 40) 39 Review previous papers presented to NSP on GBAS and see Advisor to US Montreal Opened 5/15/60 what contributions can be made to the next version for member Meeting 06 Jason Burns contributed to WP6 Montreal. This version is intended to identify the current (as Montreal 06 opposed to long-term) iono situation. Closed 10/06 40 Update and revise IP-26 into a high level requirements Dean Rudy 1 week prior to Opened 5/15/60 validation matrix prior to the 3rd week of June (i.e.. first Dean Rudy completed this action teleconference Closed 10/06 (June 15, 2006) 41 Update second version of the matrix with flimsy 15 (Montreal Barbara First Opened 10/06 06). Teleconference Teleconference {look it up} after Montreal Closed: Teleconference date {look meeting it up} 42 Independent verification of average continuity analysis in Dave Jensen India Meeting Opened 10/06 WP51 Montreal 06, considering both GBAS and GRAS. Closed 3/07 WP-31 Delhi 3/07 43 Review and improve continuity guidance material. Jason Burns India Meeting Opened 10/06 Improvement should be in light of proposed WP 51 change Closed: 3/07 and in view of change of continuity requirement to average WP-44 Delhi 3/07 continuity (i.e. there are positioning service implications etc,). 44 Develop the validation package for proposal in WP 51 Dean Rudy India Meeting Opened 10/06 (Montreal 06) (lead), Dave Closed: 3/07 Jensen, Jason WP-44, Delhi 3/07 Burns, Bob Jeans 45 Revisit the VDB link budget and airborne minimum field Jeff Bollard India Meeting Opened 10/06 strength for the positioning service for GRAS application (lead) Tim Reference WP 23 Montreal 06 supporting terminal and en-route. The task group will review Murphy, Dave Closed 3/07 and revise the link budget as necessary and make appropriate Jensen WP-21. Delhi 3/07 recommendations at the India meeting. The group will also & IP-22 Delhi 3/07 consider validation requirements. 46 Bring WP 23 Montreal 06 to the attention of RTCA SC-159 Barbara Clark Next RTCA Opened 10/06 WG-8 Meeting Reference WP 23 Montreal 06 {Closed: Jan SC159 mtg: FRAC on MOPS postponed until 45 resolved} 47 Develop guidance material for siting and frequency Jeff Bollard/ Next meeting in Opened 03/07 management for VDB coverage for the positioning service. Dave Jensen Montreal Reference WP 21 Delhi 07 The material should include graphs similar to those that exist (10/07) Reference WP 6 Montreal 07 for VOR in the SARPS today. The Proposal should also Flimsy 5 Montreal 07 consider adjacent channel and co-channel interference issues. Closed 07/10 – Montreal 48 Introduce the proposed Service Level, Facility Class, Airborne Andreas Lipp Montreal Opened 03/07 Equipment Class and Approach Class classification schemes Meeting 10/07 Reference WP 30, Delhi, 2007 into the Eurocontrol ConOps study and provide feedback OBE – Closed 10/07 49 Consider the proposed Multi-service level capable equipment Andreas Lipp Montreal 10/07 Opened 03/07 operating concept in the context of the Eurocontrol ConOps Meeting Reference WP 30, Delhi, 2007 study. Closed 10/07 50 Further develop the concept of TSE based CAT II/III Naoki Fujii Montreal 10/07 Opened 03/07 requirements. Discuss the relative advantages and Meeting WP 20, Delhi 3/07 disadvantages of the proposed approach with respect to the Closed 10/07 Reference WP 18 issues discussed in WP 43 presented in Delhi (3/2007) Montreal 10/07 51 Consider the Iono Gradient Threat mitigation strategy CSG Montreal 10/07 Opened discussed in WP 26 and provide comments. Members Meeting WP 26, Delhi, 03/07 Flimsy 3 – Montreal 10/07 Closed 10/07 52 Provide more detailed example information regarding Jason Burns Seattle Meeting Opened 3/07 proposed requirements form discussed in WP 28, Delhi 07 WP 28 Delhi, 3/07 Closed: WP 4 Seattle CSG Meeting 7/07 53 Revisit the note attached to 126.96.36.199 and rewrite as necessary. Jason Burns Drafting Group Opened 7/07 WP 5 Seattle Teleconference Drafting group decided it wasn't Sept 14th necessary. 3/4/2008 Closed 4/08 54 Open issue: inputs from the group to Tim Murphy regarding CSG Comments by Opened 7/07 WP 5 Seattle whether GAST D should have a FASVAL/FASLAL in the Members Oct 1st to Tim Drafting Group Dispositioned and directory that can be different than the FASVAL/FASLAL in Murphy made change the Type 4 message. Closed 10/07 55 Open issue: inputs from the group to Tim Murphy regarding CSG Comments by Opened 7/07 WP 5 whether coding P30 to zero should be allowed. Should all Members Oct 1st to Tim Drafting group dispositioned GAST D capable stations be required to support Additional Murphy Closed 10/07 MB 3 on Type 2 message? 56 Look at datalink bandwidth implications of proposal Jason Burns Montreal 10/07 Opened 7/07 Seattle CSG Meeting Oct 2008 mtg 57 Provide additional information from GIANT study regarding Hans Birli/ Montreal 10/07 Opened 7/07 Seattle CSG compatibility of proposal with end state that includes Galileo Andreas Lipp (as much Meeting. Presentations at LATO information is – to be combined at Montreal. available then) Mar08 WP 3, IP 3 & 4 – see Next telecom if action 85 availablePaper Closed 03/08 meeting at Monreal Mtg. 0803 58 First cut at validation matrix for proposal Dean Rudy Montreal Opened 7/07 Seattle CSG Meeting Mar Meeting 08 59 Clarify relationship of ranging source failure prior- Jason Montreal Mar Opened 7/07 probabilities to the Probability of Missed detection monitoring 08 Meeting – Seattle 7/07 WP 1 briefings performance constraints. Paper at Needs to be covered in action (85) Montreal mtg. 60 Look at potential for additional efficiency of MT 11 (by Honeywell Closed 10/07 – verbal report deleting all redundant information with MT 1). 61 Write a paper for the next meeting regarding validation of Ground Montreal 07 Opened 7/07 monitor performance requirements Station july08 Meeting Seattle CSG 7/07 WP 5 Manufacturers 62 Consider how the proposed requirements could be validated All CSG Montreal 07 Opened 7/07 Seattle CSG and how your organization might be able to support with data members. July Meeting or analysis 63 Consider the implications of Service Type selection via MT 9 Jeff Bollard Montreal (or Opened 7/07 Seattle CSG 7/07 on GRAS sooner) Closed 10/07 64 Comment and Provide corrections to WP 14 to A. Lipp as All CSG Mar 31 Meeting Opened 10/07 Montreal necessary Members IP 2 03/08 Closed 3/08 Montreal 65 Develop guidance material containing a • A brief T Murphy Feb 08 draft Opened 10/07 Montreal explanation of how the Ranging Source Monitoring Next requirement (i.e. Pmd constraint region) can be applied in teleconference aircraft certifications to model the failure characteristics of the ground facility for use in simulation or analysis. (Address geometry screening and other 'non-standardized' requirements. 66 Develop guidance material regarding how a given ranging Jason B and Feb 08 draft Opened 10/07 Montreal source threat and a monitor's response to that threat can be Dave J. – Next Reference WP 53 Oct 2006. gave translated into the requirement's parameter |Er|. Other Teleconference/ an example for SQM. manufactures 08 welcome 67 Develop guidance material regarding verification of monitor Dave J Feb 08 draft Opened 10/07 Montreal performance 68 Revise section 22.214.171.124.3 on coverage to classify by Approach Tim and Barb 12/13 telecon Opened 10/07 Facility Coverage Element Draft v0.4 incorporated Closed 03/08 69 Coordinate on Spectrum protection issues for VDB guidance Dave J. and March Meeting Opened 10/07 Montreal – material – maintenance change. Package given to Dean Rudy Barbara C. Flimsy 5 , WP 10 for inclusion in SARPs maintenance. 70 Lead ad-hoc to develop SARPs and GM mods for the CAT I Kim Class March 08 Opened 10/07 Dmax change. (Kim Class, Barbara Clark, Jason Burns. + Meeting Montreal 07 flimsy 6 others.) WP 22 03/08 Montreal – proposed changes See actions (87 & 88 for validation activity) Closed 3/08 Montreal 71 Review Deletion of Pej(P30) All Comments to Opened Telecon 12/13/07 retain by Resolved to delete P30 2/19/08 Closed Telecon 2/19/08 72 Craft note for 188.8.131.52.2.2 pointing to guidance material Barbara Clark By 2/4/2008 Opened Telecon 12/13/07 telecon Tim Murphy added the note and Review in added a reference to expanded Montreal 4/08 guidance material in section 7.5.6. Closed 3/08 Montreal 73 Check all uses of FAST vs. GFC T. Murphy Opened Telecon 12/13/07 Made a pass at this and made many changes 3/19/08. Closed 3/08 Montreal 74 Revise section 18.104.22.168.3.5.2 Jason By 4/08 telecon Opened Telecon 12/13/07 75 Add functional requirement that ground station should track all D. Jensen By 2/19/08 Opened Telecon 12/14/07 satellites above some elevation angle for GFC D 76 Add function requirement for independence of satellite D. Jensen 2/19/08 Opened Telecon 12/14/07 corrections for GFC D 77 Add requirement that if sigma_prgnd in MT 1 is invalid T. Murphy By 2/19/08 Opened Telecon 12/14/07 sigma_prgnd in MT 11 must be invalid telecon Completed in 080214 draft Closed telecom 2/19/08 78 126.96.36.199 – VAL and HAL definitions stop at 100 ft. Look at Tim By 2/19/08 Opened Telecon 1/15/08 this and figure out what to do. telecon Proposed fix in 080214 draft Rejected in discussion Revisit after guidance material is more mature. Closed telecom 2/29/08 79 Fix reference to interference in 22.214.171.124.3. Consider a generic Bob Jeans and 2/19/08 telecon Opened Telecon 1/15/08 requirement or GM or adding a statement related to all Andreas Lipp Paper presented to 2/19/2008 integrity requirements teleconference – Closed (see action 82. Agreed to remove RF environment reference in 220.127.116.11.3) 80 Reference to MOPS in Note 2 of 126.96.36.199.3 needs to be changed Tim Murphy 2/19/08 telecon Opened Telecon 1/15/08 Proposal which is consistent with how this was handled in SBAS is included in the 080214 draft Closed 3/08 Montreal 81 Section 220.127.116.11.3 – Monitor action is undefined. Consider how B. Jeans and Opened Telecon 1/15/08 to fix this. A. Lipp T. Murphy proposal is in draft 080214 along with changes resulting from comments at last RTCA meeting. Closed 3/4/08 telecon. 82 Proposal for requirement on interference above the MASK B. Jeans/B. 3/4/2008 Opened Telecon 2/19/2008 – Clark/ D. Prepare paper Paper from Bob Jeans and Jensen for 3/24/08 Andreas Lipp. Discussed options deadline – goal 3/4/08. Added members. of one WP 16 3/08 Montreal meeting recommended Discussed by CSG – remanded option. back to ad-hoc. 83 Consider re-organization of the monitor requirements Bob Jeans/A. 3/4/2008 Opened Telecon 2/19/2008 – (188.8.131.52.3. along with 126.96.36.199.6 and 126.96.36.199 in general) etc. Lipp and B. Paper from Bob Jeans and Clark Andreas Lipp Closed 3/4/08 – move the existing req to monitor section. Proposal in next draft 84 Ad hoc activity to produce paper that concisely describes Jason Burns to Report status at Opened Mar 2008 meeting. requirements methodology and answers outstanding open lead (Tim M., next issues from Mar 08 WP 4 Geoff B., teleconference. Andreas L., Pierre G., Angeline B. to participate) 85 Develop a paper addressing future multi-constellation, multi- Andreas Lipp Oct 2008 Opened Mar 2008 meeting. frequency GBAS. Define a hypothetical architecture and (Tim Murphy meeting assess the viability of that architecture to be supported by a and ICCAIA single frequency given the impact of MT 11 and the current to support). GBAS change proposal for GAST D. Also consider the extensibility of the classification scheme and requirements methodology. 86 Review the validation of the VHF data broadcast Guidance Dean Rundy July Meeting Opened Mar 2008 meeting. material changes (WP 15 Mar08) for sufficiency 08. 87 Dmax Change validation: Inspection – Review the proposed Dean Rudy Validation Opened Mar 2008 meeting change in WP 22 (Mar 08) carefully and verify by inspection Paper at July that no use of Dmax was overlooked or that the proposed Meeting changes do not introduced unintended consequences 88 Dmax Change: Assessment of any Operational impacts. – Andreas Lipp Oral Report at Opened Mar 2008 meeting International GBAS Working Group has an activity to address Next the operational issues associated with Dmax. Make them teleconference. aware of th proposed requirements change in WP 22 and bring Paper for July feedback from that group. Meeting 89 Bring another paper expanding on the proposal in WP 11 (Mar Ken Ashton Furture WG Opened Mar 2008 meeting 08). Such a paper should: meeting of Gives a detailed example of how a GBAS allocation Ken's Choice could be made it the VHF com band (118-137 MHz) without giving or receiving harmful interference. Estimate the value of the proposition in terms of the amount of spectrum that could practically be obtained in this manner and discuss what kind of difference this might make on the viability of GBAS, particularly in Europe. 90 Need clarification of "TTA" vs. Time to Detect ("TTD") Tim July Meeting Opened Mar 2008 meeting requirements for GAST D Murphy/Jason Burns 91 Validation of 8ft requirement for coverage requirment Dominique P. July Meeting Opened Mar 2008 meeting 92 Clean up Continuity Requirement for GAST D Dean Rudy Next Opened Mar 2008 meeting Teleconference List of Comments and Issues Associated with Proposed Method for Developing Requirements for a Service Level to Support CAT II/III Operations. Issue Issue Assigned Status Number to 1 Since WP 19 gave example calculations based on simulated auto-land Tim Closed: WP 24 from Rio addresses performance characteristics for Boeing aircraft only, to be complete the Murphy the extension of the methodology to concept must be broadened to address: a worst case airplane performance. Performance representative of other non-Boeing types of aircraft and on- Manual landing issues are covered board architectures with different Auto-land logic, manual landings with under item #5 flight director for CAT II operations 2 Determine whether the proposed approach would exclude certain aircraft Bruce Bruce to research the applicable types that would otherwise be certifiable for CAT III operations under the DeCleene certification requirements for "ILS look-alike" strategy. & retrofit of older airplanes. Inactive ICCAIA until we have concrete proposals. OBE per the Brussels Decision (see the HLR Validation matrix) Closed 10/06: Subgroup has agreed that standards (for GSLD) do not have to support all conceivable airplane types 3 Combined with item 5 N/A Closed: 4 Is it valid to use conditional probability of NSE for alert limit determination? Tim Open: 10/29/02 – Group consensus We didn't do this for Cat I alert limit. Do we need to consider the Murphy that limit case and conditional acceptability of approaches at any value of NSE up to the alert limit? /FAA probability approaches should be studied in parallel 5 Analysis is for touchdown dispersion only. This gives a good indication of Tim Open: navigation system accuracy required to meet touchdown dispersion with Murphy Item 5a addressed by San Antonio WP 20 system operating normally. Other factors also need to be considered: (Closed) Appendix B shows larger variation in TCH than ILS. Is there any Item 5c addressed by CSG/2 WP 10 operational significance in this? a) harmonization with visual aids b) pilot acceptance at NSE values up to alert limit including visual reference at DH, particularly for Cat II and Cat IIIA. c) obstacle clearance and CRM 6 Need to check WP/19 calculation of CAT II NSE (pg 14) against calculation Bob Closed: WP 46 Banff in RNP manual. The AWOP method was to calculate NSE from ILS and Jeans RSS with FTE. So result should be should be compatible. 7 Need to assess consider possible impacts of proposed philosophy outside of Tim Open: 10/29 – Group agreed that GNSSP activities, including: Murphy coordination with FAA/JAA Impact on Aircraft Systems & Bruce AWOHWG was to be pursued. Impact to airworthiness certification DeCleene 3/5/04 – CSG/2 WP 10 evaluates Impact to crew operations and ATC procedures (e.g. procedure design impact to ILS CRM OAS's. including approach plates, OC-P issues, pilot training, etc.) 8 Proposed concept assumes Radar Altimeter (RA) will always be used for Tim Closed: - 10/30/01 Group agreed to flare guidance. Is this a justifiable assumption? Murphy close the issue as per discussion of flimsy 22. Updated methodology does not explicitly use radio altimeter performance. 9 Is it necessary to complement the statistical approach presented in WP 19 Jean- Closed: with a Worst Case Analysis (WCA)? Worst case analysis in this case Pierre 10/30/01 – Marcus Brun to confirm consists of identifying all adverse events that may create positions errors, Magny continued interest in the issue. analyzing scenarios of possible accumulation of failures. Note: We can try 10/22/02 – Issue closed due to lack to investigate with a new methodology called "Area of Changes" set-up by of further interest. Worst case the Future Hazards Working Group (FAA-JAA-Boeing-Airbus-Airlines). analysis is covered under item AI: Jean-Pierre Magny to provide information on Area-of-changes.


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Matthew Morse
2008-09 Highlights: Won the 5K run and set a meet record time of 14.50.77 at the Eagle Invitational Apr. 18...also won the 5K at the Elmhurst Invitational Apr. 4 with a time of 15:02.09...placed second at the Chicagoland Classic in the 5K run with a time of 15:26.81...took second place at the Horizon League Championships in the 10K with a time of 30:58.02. |
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Winter Music Conference and Miami Music Week Pool Party Guide
Photo by Yesenia Hernandez |
Pack your swimsuit for WMC and MMW. |
But c'mon, that's bullshit. The truth: Both WMC and MMW are just excuses for totally out-of-control beat freaks to strip down, oil up, and shake ass at a pool party while chugging too many mojitos, popping too many pills, and humping too many strangers on a pile of soggy hotel towels.
So stop using words like "zeitgeist," forget setting up a "symposium on glitch-house," and just slip into a string bikini or padded banana hammock. Here is New Times' pool party guide for Winter Music Conference and Miami Music Week.
Shelborne Beach Resort's Pool Party Marathon
Friday, March 16, to Sunday, March 25, noon, The Pool at The Shelborne Beach Resort, 1801 Collins Ave., Miami Beach; 305-531-1271; shelborne.com. A week pass costs $325 plus fees via wantickets.com. Ages 21 and up.
Have you ever spent ten straight days at the Shelborne, getting wasted while busting moves by the pool? Well, it'll only cost $325, plus a $26 service charge and a full paycheck's worth of booze money. The dangers: A nasty alcohol-induced case of sunstroke and an unidentified STD from that skeezy mid-afternoon hookup in a pool cabana. The benefits: Gettin' wet, wild, and weird for an entire week and a half with Nervous Records, Def Mix, Carl Craig & Friends, DJ Mag Recession Sessions IV, Luciano & Friends, Steve Lawler's Viva Music, Marco Carola's Musci On!, and Pacha Ibiza's Annual Classics Pool Party.
Dream Sessions
Friday, March 16, and Saturday, March 17, 11 a.m., Highbar at Dream South Beach Hotel, 1111 Collins Ave., Miami Beach; 305-534-8455; highbarmiami.com. Tickets cost $35 plus fees via wantickets.com. Ages 21 and up.
According to the official hype, Highbar's Dream Sessions is the "#1 hotel rooftop party for WMC." It'll splish and splash for a total of "10 days!" or "170 hours!" There will be tons of "A-listers" and "South Beach socialites" in attendance. And if the flyer isn't lying, you can expect at least one beach ball.
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What Are The Symptoms Of Herpes In Your Eye
Here's a taste of what TheBody.com has to offer on this topic:
Get the Facts
Understanding Genital Herpes...healthy adults. In some people whose immune systems do not work properly, however, genital herpes outbreaks can be unusually severe and long lasting. Occasionally, people with normal immune systems can get herpes infection of the eye, called ocular herpes. Ocular herpes is usually caused by HSV-1 but sometimes by HSV-2. It can occasionally result in serious eye disease, including blindness. A woman with herpes who is pregnant can pass the...
Ask the Experts
Dr. Bob please answer, eagerly awaiting response -Contracted MRSA and Herpes from being rimmed Follow Up QuestionsHi Dr. Bob,Sorry to be a pest, but I am freaking out (eagerly) awaiting your response to my question...The question is this...I was rimmed / oral from the prostitute late may 2007 (only possible exosure) tested 6 times after (last test on dec 31st...Response from Robert J. Frascino, M.D.
The Robert James Frascino AIDS Foundation
Hi,You are "receiving conflicting information"??? From whom? Certainly not from me or this Web site!Your fears are completely unwarranted. You and your wife's repeatedly negative HIV tests are definitive and conclusive. HIV is not your problem. No...
Read more »
Contracted MRSA and Herpes from being rimmedTo Dr. Bob,On May 31st, 2007 I went to a Massage Parlour where I received oral sex with saran wrap on my penis for about a minute and then was rimmed by the prostitute while I masturbated until I finished. I was extremely nervous afterwards and...Response from Robert J. Frascino, M.D.
The Robert James Frascino AIDS Foundation
..."window period." 2.Your HIV-antibody tests are definitive and conclusive. You are HIV negative. Consequently, your recurrent herpetic outbreaks are not related. No way. No how. By the way, if they recur that frequently, you should consider...
Read more »
Contracted MRSA and Herpes from being rimmed Follow Up QuestionsHi Dr. Bob,Thanks in advance for your previous help, I have made a donation via credit card to your admirable foundation. I am still concerned about and have questions with regards to the following which I wish I included in my previous post...1. ...Response from Robert J. Frascino, M.D.
The Robert James Frascino AIDS Foundation
Hi,1.As you might imagine, Saran wrap has not been clinically studied as a condom substitute. It's usually paired up against aluminum foil or wax paper in a trial of which keeps your PB&J fresher longer rather than being paired up against Trojan...
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HIV, Herpes and NeuropathyI was diagnosed with Genital Herpes in late July 2003 and HIV a week later in August 2003. I initially sought treatment due to severe pain in my rectum. It took several weeks and a blood test to determine that my pain was related to an initial...Response from Benjamin Young, M.D., Ph.D.
Rocky Mountain CARES
...symmetric" sensory neuropathy-- meaning that symptoms are symmetric and usually first appear in the fingers and toes. By contrast, herpetic neuropathy (called post-herpetic neuralgia) is generally localized to the anatomic regions where the...
Read more »
Herpes Zoster (Shingles)...goes away within a few weeks, but in some cases, severe pain can last for months or even years. This condition is called "post herpetic neuralgia." Shingles and HIV Shingles is not one of the infections that leads to a diagnosis of AIDS. ... Read more »Herpes Simplex (Cold Sores and Genital Herpes)... What Is Herpes? HSV and HIV How Is HSV Transmitted? How Is Herpes Treated? Can Herpes Be Prevented? The Bottom Line What Is Read more »Immune Restoration Syndrome...infections or inflammation: Cytomegalovirus: The first cases of immune restoration syndrome showed up as inflammation in the eyes. This is linked to cytomegalovirus, as noted earlier. Cognitive (memory and thinking) problems: Some people... Read more »IRIS: A Concern for People Starting HIV Therapy...IRIS include fever, swollen lymph nodes, skin lesions and rashes, changes in breathing, pneumonia, hepatitis, abscesses and eye inflammation. Although less common, some people can experience short-term cognitive or mental changes, including... Read more »
Connect With Others
Could I have herpes?
Posted by Anonymous, 2 Replies
...couple of times and kissed er on the neck. I did not kiss her on the lips and did see any open sores. Could I be infected with herpes by just kissing her on the cheek? Im so nervous.
Read more »
Diarreha and red eyes
Posted by Anonymous, 2 Replies
...Does anyone know if diarreha and eye redness are a symptom of hiv or any other std? I was told no risk 5 weeks ago from frottage with boxesrs on and later masturbating
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Am I infected?
Posted by Questioningone, 1 Reply
...feeling on the tip of my tongue and a dry mouth. Saturday November 3rd Sunday November 4th: I get something resembling an eye infection, with red and dry eyes, and theres discharge from the eyes in the morning. I have some swelling around...
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Help me
Posted by Anonymous, 2 Replies
...weak and appeares angular cheilitis that still remaining (isnt this a syntom of HIV), than a lot of things occured, herpes, my eyes very red, i dont sleep during lots of days, now im starting to have gingivitis again. I have made the test 2...
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Puntland President Gaas applauds UNCDF efforts
Puntland President Gaas applauds UNCDF efforts
Puntland President Dr. Abdiweli Gaas (on the left) receiving a briefing on the Local Development Fund and other UNCDF-supported activities at the Ministry of Finance, Garowe
As part of the regular visits of the President of Puntland to examine how governmental institutions are functioning, Dr. Gaas visited the Ministry of Finance (MOF) on 7 July 2014. The president held meetings with the Minister of Finance to discuss domestic financial issues, including fiscal management, application of strict financial integrity and increasing revenues to address national needs.
During his tour at the Ministry, the president stopped at the office responsible for centre to local funds transfers to local governments via the Local Development Fund (LDF). This fund is implemented as part of UNCDF's contribution to the joint programme on Local Governance and Decentralized Service Delivery in Somalia.
The support provided by UNCDF consists of two experts on fiscal decentralization and fiscal transfers who assist in the management of the central government's contribution to the five local governments in Puntland (Garowe, Gardo, Bossaso, Bayla, Eyl and Jeriban districts). UNCDF also provides logistic and technical support to the office of the Accountant General and the Auditor General to strengthen their roles in the fiscal transfer, and facilitate LDF payments according to the LDF and national financial standards.
The president heard briefings on the role of the Ministry of Finance in the implementation of the LDF programme in Puntland. These included the number of projects implemented, locations, amount of funds transferred by the MOF and the JPLG/UNCDF and the kind of support that UNCDF provides.
This support has significantly enhanced the MOF's capacity to transfer funds to the local government and oversee financial transfers as part of a pilot fiscal decentralization process that will be implemented in Puntland upon the endorsement of the Decentralization Policy, which UNCDF has helped to develop.
In the last two years (2012-13), the MOF allocated US$ 120,000 for local governments as part of its 10% contribution in the LDF. In 2014, under the tenure of Dr Gaas, the Puntland Ministry of Finance allocated US$ 250,000 to 8 Local Governments as part of government's contribution in the LDF Programme. The total LDF budget for Puntland for 2014 is about US$ 2 million.
The president acknowledged the importance of the LDF programme and commended UNCDF's institutional support to the ministry.
He urged the staff responsible for this programme to manage this programme with integrity and in an effective way, stressing that such programmes could be an instrument to measure the strong commitment of the Government of Puntland and the kind of partnership that the government wants with the donors.
The president underlined his government's commitment to undertake institutional reform based on firm accountability and integrity, reflecting the promises already made to the public. The president also discussed the government's plan and efforts to start democratization and the establishment of elected local governments that are held accountable in Puntland.
The president also emphasized his interest in the expansion of the LDF, so that more districts could join the programme gradually and in parallel with the increased national budget allocation to local governments.
Dr Gaas is the fifth elected president of Puntland and took office in January 2014.
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Ramsha first name was found 152 times in 9 different countries.
Surname Ramsha is used at least 20 times in at least 6 countries.
Given names
Bekim Ramsha (1) Romi Ramsha (1) Rohi Ramsha (1) Raj Ramsha (1) |
Family names Ramsha Rehan (1) Ramsha Saleem (1) Ramsha Tahir (1) Ramsha Khawar (1) Ramsha Kash (1) Ramsha Jabeen (1) Ramsha Jaffar (1) Ramsha Hanif (1) |
Ramsha reversed is Ahsmar
Name contains 6 letters - 33.33% vowels and 66.67% consonants.
Anagrams: Amsarh Mrahsa Rmahas Hsarma
Misspells: Romsha Lamsha Rramsha Ramsha Ramshaa Rmasha Ramsah Ramhsa
Rhymes: Aisha Alisha Changsha Elisha Falasha Ganesha Keisha stanza bonanza extravaganza lambda gamma
Meaning of this name is unknown.
This page has been visited from the following countries:
Domains Ramsha.com - REGISTERED Ramsha.net - REGISTERED Ramsha.de - REGISTERED Ramsha.co.uk - REGISTERED | Old Wiki Name: Ramsha Gender: Feminine Location: Asia Language: Arabic or Urdu Thematic: Unknown Thematic Meaning: beautiful |
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A Substantial Donation, A Noteworthy Cause
When Cameron Crouse, a grade 6 student at BES, heard about an ailing student at his school he decided he wanted to help. Cameron's school was holding a fundraiser for grade 2 student, Hailey Rodenhiser, who has recently been diagnosed with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Without hesitation, Cameron asked his mother if he could give the money he had been saving from his flyer delivery job to Hailey and her family. On February 13, when BES held their "Wear your Pajamas to School" fundraiser, Cameron donated $100.
At the age of 3, Cameron was diagnosed with Nephrotic Syndrome so he knows what it is like to be sick. Fortunately, today Cameron is healthy and active, but perhaps his childhood illness has led Cameron to be the selfless, conscientious young man he is today. Thank you, Cameron for being such a great example!
Cameron in his basketball jersey. Cameron standing with Hailey, Jayden and Rebecca.
If you would like to learn more about how you can help Hailey, then please contact the office at BES.
Students Receive Respectful Citizenship Award
LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR'S OFFICE--Students Receive Respectful Citizenship Award
NOTE TO EDITORS: The ceremony will be held at 2 p.m. on Wednesday, Feb. 25, at Government House, 1451 Barrington St., Halifax. Due to limited space there will be fixed media positions.
Promoting Mi'kmaq culture, fighting poverty and raising awareness of issues facing the transgender community are some of the ways Nova Scotia students are promoting respectful citizenship.
Students from across the province will attend a ceremony at Government House on National Anti-bullying Day, Wednesday, Feb. 25, to receive the second Lieutenant Governor's Respectful Citizenship Award.
"Young people across the province are taking action to address the difficult issues facing their schools and communities," said Lt.-Gov. J.J. Grant. "It is my great honour to recognize these brave and compassionate students for their outstanding achievements and to thank them for inspiring people of all ages to work towards a more inclusive society.
"The award recognizes students who demonstrate leadership and commitment to creating safe and inclusive spaces, where bullying is not accepted and respectful, responsible relationships are promoted. Public schools, the Mi'Kmaw Kina'matnewey Board and home schooled students registered with the Department of Education and Early Childhood Development or enrolled in private school could make nominations.
The individual recipients for 2015 are:
-- Hailey Thomas, Prince Andrew High, Dartmouth
-- Hailey Handspiker-Wade, Digby Regional High School, Digby Co.
-- Brynn Lowe, Port Maitland Consolidated Elementary, Yarmouth Co.
-- Andrew Son, Halifax Grammar School, Halifax
-- Nykola Killam, Liverpool Regional High School, Liverpool
-- Shawnee Paul, Allison Bernard Memorial High School, Eskasoni
-- Katie LeBlanc-Boudreau, Ecole Beau-Port, Richmond Co.
-- Mary Clarissa MacLean, Cobequid Educational Centre, Colchester Co.
-- Matthew Bond, Sydney Mines Junior High, Cape Breton Regional Municipality
-- MacKenzie Cook, Guysborough Academy, Guysborough Co.
-- Meghan Hale, Horton High School, Kentville
The team recipients for 2015 are:
-- Megan MacDonald, Genevieve MacDonald, Olivia Colaiacovo, Lauren Regan, Sara James, Megan Rennie and Maria Sotiropoulos, the members of the Drops of Hope Destination Imagination Team, Halifax Regional School Board
-- Adam MacLean and Joella MacIsaac, members of Keep the Promise, Cape Breton-Victoria Regional School Board
-- Emmalee Harvey and Natalie Baker, for organizing Kindness Day, South Shore Regional School Board
-- Kyle Landry, Breah Sampson-MacDonald, Brianna MacDonald, Stephanie Grimard, Morgan Bona, Jordan Delaney and Hayley Thompson, members of the RCMP-SAERC Youth Council, Strait Regional School Board
-- Monique Silver & Micaela Murphy, member of Best Friends for Lunch, Annapolis Valley Regional School Board
Recipients were selected by an advisory committee of representatives from the Office of the Lieutenant Governor, Department of Education and Early Childhood Development, Nova Scotia Teachers Union, Nova Scotia School Board Association, Nova Scotia Federation of Home and School Associations and La Fédération des parents acadiens de la Nouvelle-Écosse.
For more information about the recipients visit http://antibullying.novascotia.ca/ns-lieutenant-governors-respectful-citizenship-award .
Maternity Leave Brochure
Are you expecting a baby? Congratulations! If you have questions or concerns about breastfeeding then please read the following brochure created in partnership with the Lunenburg and Queens Baby-Friendly Initiative Committee.
Click here to open the new Maternity Leave Brochure.
BES Holds a Very Successful Fundraiser!
Bridgewater Elementary School had a very successful "Wear Your PJ's to School" fundraiser for Hailey Rodeniser. All students from Grades P-6 were invited to wear their pj's to school on February 13th and make a donation to support Hailey and her family. Hailey is a Grade 2 student at BES who has been recently diagnosed with leukemia. Thanks everyone for your support because they raised $2006.98. Great work BES!
Pictured below, from left to right, are Cameron Crouse (Grade 6), Hailey Rodeniser (Grade 2), Jayden Herman (Grade 2) and Rebecca Zwanepol (Grade 2).


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