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Vandellia sanguinea Eigenmann, 1917
The status of V. sanguinea is currently not threatened. Bans of this species in many countries have helped keep them localized indigenously. Some states require the possession of a Wild Animal License in order to distribute or harbor these creatures (Shafland, 1986).
This species is distinguished by the following traits: maxillary barbel extending to the tip of the interopercular spines; 0.5 mm long lower barbel and 2.5 mm long maxillary barbel; two, flat, recurved teeth on the end of the maxillary concealed just in front of the barbel; five premaxillary teeth diminishing in size from the central tooth; mandibles widely separated from each other, each with approximately five minute teeth; teeth concealed by the lip; five spines in the main row of the interopercle, the middle ones directed backward; distance between origin of ventrals and base of middle caudal rays 2 times its distance from the snout; about five spines in supplementary rows; five spines in the main row of the opercle, about ten in supplementary rows; origin of anal fin behind the origin of the dorsal fin; the last dorsal ray over the middle of the anal ray; distance between origin of dorsal and base of middle caudal rays 2.8 times its distance from the snout; and caudal fin truncated with numerous accessory rays (Eigenmann, 1917).
V. sanguinea are indigenous to the neo-tropical waters of South America, specifically those of the Amazon, Orinoco, and Essequibo River basins (Ferraris, 2007). They have been banned from importation in many areas on account of their threat to the native aquatic fauna (Shafland, 1986).
The common name candiru is given to the genus Vandellia, comprising a group of miniscule catfish that possess physical features suited to preying off the blood of live fish (Breault, 1991). Given their nocturnal tendencies and habitation of murky waters, these fish rely on chemoattractants such as urea or ammonia to locate ammonotelic prey items, those that excrete nitrogenous wastes (Spotte et al., 2000). Specimens of this genus have become notorious for their ability to penetrate various orifices, including those of humans, in their search for food (Gudger, 1930).
V. sanguinea can be found in the freshwater rivers of South America. Although capable of swimming freely, as observed when scavenging for prey, V. sanguinea tend to stay buried under the muddy substrate or seek shelter under rocks or logs during the day (Zuanon and Sazima, 2003). They can be found at a variety of altitudes, from flooded lowland forests to high-elevation streams in the Andes (Fernandez and Schaefer, 2009).
V. sanguinea can be recognized by their thin, elongate bodies which are scaleless. They lack adipose fins, and their dorsal fins are posteriorly located (Borin and Martins-Santos, 1999). Other defining features include the presence of a median premaxilla, reduced premaxillary dentition, small sensory barbels angled to the mouth, and the presence of sharp, claw-like teeth used to access host arteries.
Vandelliine trichomycterid catfishes, including V. sanguinea, attach to hosts when feeding but disengage when sated. As a result, their parasitism does not function as a means for travel. However, species of the genus Paracanthopoma, which are in the same family (Trichomycteridae) as Vandellia, have been found to ride pimeloid catfish in the upper Amazon by latching onto the caudal, dorsal, or pectoral regions of the these large, migrating fish (Zuanon and Sazima, 2005). While both V. sanguinea and P. parva possess morphological features that enable them to exploit the blood of their hosts, the stomach contents of P. parva contain only meager amounts of blood, and they adhere to regions of larger catfish that are not blood-rich, indicating they utilize these larger creatures for purposes of travel, unlike their Vandelliine counterparts (Zuanon and Sazima, 2005).
V. sanguinea are parasitic fish with backwards oriented spines on their opercula, or gill flaps, that facilitate attaching themselves onto prey items to feed; however, they lack the dorsal and pectoral fin spines characteristic of other catfish (Baskin et al., 1980). They grow to approximately 8.4 cm (standard length for males), though some reports of 15 cm have been documented (Piper, 2007). They are drab-colored and translucent with minor dorsal pigmentation, enabling camouflage in murky waters and the substrate. V. sanguinea also possess small, flattened heads with short sensory barbels and shiny bellies that engorge when filled with blood (Eigenmann, 1917).
Currently, V. sanguinea is neither endangered nor threatened. They have few natural predators, and the stigma of entering human orifices has allowed these fish to remain relatively unexploited (Torres and Sa-a, 2010).
The populations of V. sanguinea are stable and are not endangered by either natural or artificial means; they are also deemed a low vulnerability species (Torres and Sa-a, 2010).
The candiru do not discriminate among potential hosts when feeding, and there are no known predators of the candiru. Natural hosts of V. sanguinea include characins, cichlids, and larger silurids such as pimelodids and doradids (Spotte et al., 2000). Some species of fish, including the tambaqui, are able to close the operculum on the side being attacked while ventilating through the other side, effectively denying the candiru access to arterial blood (Zuanon and Sazima, 2003).
Although the candiru currently provide no benefits for humans either commercially or as a food source, there have been reports of detrimental interactions of candiru entering the urethras of unwitting bathers. Upon entry, they can cause extreme pain in the affected region by erecting their opercular spines and lacerating the mucus membranes of the urethras (Gudger, 1930). The most common treatment is amputation of the affected area; however, if left unattended, death from shock and blood loss can ensue. A native herb has been found to digest the spines of the catfish, allowing for easier evacuation of the parasite (Breault, 1991).


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Jennifer Garner's attitude toward aging is more relaxed than that of Ben Affleck, her husband of five years.
During an appearance on the "Late Show With David Letterman" on Aug. 14, the TV host, 65, asked Garner to verify that she is indeed 40. "Yes, David!" the "Odd Life of Timothy Green" actress responded, laughing. "That's what every woman wants to be asked in this chair! I mean, 'Are you 40?' Why not ask me if I'm 45? 'You look 50!'"
PHOTOS: How Violet Affleck has grown up
Letterman then argued that the actress and mother of three (Violet, 6, Seraphina, 3, and Samuel, 7 months) looks like a 20-something, but Garner laughed it off. "I like being 40," she told him. When Letterman asked about Affleck's feelings about being over the hill, Garner said, "It's interesting that you ask that, because my husband turns 40 tomorrow. I get back [to California] around 3, and he's like, 'You're not going to be here in the morning to make my breakfast?'"
PHOTOS: Jennifer Garner's life as a supermom
"So he does whine a little bit at the house, huh?" Letterman grinned.
"Well ... I don't know that he's as thrilled with the idea of 40 as I am," Garner continued. "I really like it. I had no problem with it. I feel like, what more could I want? I can't speak for him. But it doesn't look he's as happy as I am about turning 40."
Letterman then probed Garner for a reason as to why Affleck is less enthusiastic. "What's the problem?" he asked. "Is it low T?"
PHOTOS: Jennifer Garner's maternity style
"Low T as in low testosterone?" Garner questioned before laughing wildly. "Are you asking about Ben Affleck's testosterone level? Really, David! He will thump you. Have you seen my husband lately? He is walking testosterone."
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Telephone Services The Hamline Telecommunications Department serves the entire campus community, providing voice services to staff, faculty, and students. A few of the services include local, long distance, and voice mail. For help with your Hamline phone service, please call the Help Desk at (651) 523-2220.StaffDarci O'ConnellDirector of TelecommunicationsHeating Plant, Second Floor(651) 523-2991 (v)(651) 523-2899 (f)E-Mail DarciSwitchboardHeating Plant, Second Floor"0" or 2800 - On-Campus(651) 523-2800 - Off-CampusOffice Location and HoursHeating Plant, Second Floor8 a.m. to 6 p.m. Monday - Thursday8 a.m. to 5 p.m. FridayClosed weekends and holidays* These times may change on occasion.
PiperXpress Operations UpdateHamline University's PiperXpress Program is saving money, reducing its copy/print volume and carbon footprint, while providing more services / functionality / convenience for users. That's a "Win-Win-Win!"Read More
Phillip on Two PanelsBen Phillip, director of technical support services, was a member of two panel sessions at GusDay, an annual information technology conference for Minnesota higher education institutions.Read More
Java Update ScheduleHamline University Information Technology Services has moved to a new schedule and process for updating Java on Hamline computers.Read More


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Upcoming Events
An authentic Tyndale experience! Meet the faculty, sit in on lectures, and learn about what student life is really like. Student representatives and admissions counsellors will be here to show you around the campus and help you complete your application.
Instructor 講師: Rev. Dr. Rocky Fong 方豪牧師
March 14, 21 & 28 (Saturdays), 2015, 9:00am–1:00pm
Course Description 課程簡介
Interpreting the Bible accurately is a daunting task. This course provides an orientation to the various literary genres found in the Bible, with a practical study of relevant methods used in their interpretations. It is designed to help serious believers learn how to read the Bible carefully...
Calling all Alumni varsity athletes! You've had a year to rest and recover from the last Alumni Day, so get ready to come back and challenge the current students. Volleyball and basketball games will be on the agenda, so if you played for the Tyndale varsity sports teams in the past, we want...
In conversation with Fr. Raymond J.
Leading Change
Thursday, March 19th, 2015, 9:00 – 11:00 AM
Room F110, Tyndale Bayview Campus
Where: Bayview Campus Auditorium
Time: 10:00 AM – 4:00 PM, March 24, 2015
Registration: $10 (at the door)
On March 24, Tyndale's Wesley Studies Symposium will gather a community of pastors, students, leaders, and scholars to reflect on the history and theology of the...
The Alumni team is pleased to host a Golden Milers reunion for the TBC and LCBM class of 1965 on March 25, 2015. Alumni will have a wonderful opportunity to reconnect at the reunion.
The Alumni team is pleased to host a Silver Milers reunion for the Ontario Theological Seminary on March 25, 2015. Alumni will have a wonderful opportunity to reconnect at the reunion.
Join us as we conclude series on the "Vertical Habits" as Dean. Joan DeVries leads us through a teaching on Psalm 116, "What Can I Do?"


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How long did your 2nd degree tear take to heal?
Comments (10)
It's crappy pain. I wish it would go away soon! Thanks for the advice ladies.
Other than some minor burning at first, mine didn't cause me much pain.
Unfortunately, at 2 weeks I still have some awful itching from the stitches that are still there...hoping they dissolve soon!
Its Lo, You already Know!
Thanks for posting this - I'm starting to get a lot of discomfort and am looking for some relief.
I have no idea how many stitches I have - everyone I asked (nurses and dr who put them in) smiled and said not to worry about it or changed the subject. I mentioned this to some of my friends and they said the same thing, no one would tell them how many or how bad the tear was when they had their babies. Could just be our hospital that prefers not to say anything...
Colby arrived on June 28th after 6 Years TTC & 2 Angel Babies - Third Time's The Charm!


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2011 NFL Preview: Back(ers) in Black, Gold ... and Purple
Friday, September 09, 2011
By Ed Bouchette, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
The Steelers and Ravens always have something else going for them when they meet besides close games, brutal hitting and a division title on the line. They have great linebackers, lots of them.
"The Steelers and Ravens, I think, are by far the quality linebackers of this league," said Steelers offensive coordinator Bruce Arians. "When you look at the Pro Bowl team, somehow it's those two teams, all four guys."
He's not far off. The Steelers have had six linebackers make 13 Pro Bowl teams over the past 10 years. The Ravens have had five linebackers make 16 Pro Bowl teams in the past decade. Each has had a linebacker as NFL defensive player of the year in the previous 10 years -- Ray Lewis of Baltimore in 2003 (he also earned the award in '00) and James Harrison in '08.
"I think over the years you look at how these teams are built with their front seven, that's always been the staple for both teams," Lewis said this week. "For years and years, you look at the draft and the guys they bring in every year, and it's always a boatload of talent at the linebacker position. One of the reasons is because of the different types of blitz schemes and things that we do.
"These are two franchises that truly believe in their linebackers."
The Steelers' starting four contains three who have made Pro Bowls -- Harrison, James Farrior and LaMarr Woodley -- and Lawrence Timmons, whom the Steelers believe will get there soon. The Ravens have a sure-fire Hall of Famer in Lewis, another Pro Bowler in Terrell Suggs and two others that Arians says are underrated and disruptive, Jarret Johnson and Jameel McClain.
"Oh, God, it's like watching us play," Arians said of the Ravens linebackers. "Our defenses are so similar. They play a little bit more even front than we do but those four guys ... the guy who is underrated is Jarret Johnson. His motor is nonstop. He's going full force. McClain is kind of like Timmons, he's a fast guy. And Ray and Farrior, you can't fool them."
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AMG Tops Forecasts
Affiliated Managers Group (AMG - Get Report) posted better-than-expected second-quarter earnings Wednesday, despite a hairy quarter for equities markets that weighed on asset inflows.
The Boston-based asset management holding company also announced a share buyback plan of up to 5% of its outstanding common stock, a move that other money managers have been reluctant to make.
AMG's net income rose to $78.1 million, or 86 cents a share, from $26.2 million, or 63 cents a share, a year earlier.
Cash earnings, which exclude items such as amortization, rose to $1.30 a share from $1.13 in the same period last year. Analysts polled by Thomson Financial were expecting cash earnings per share of $1.28.
Revenue hit $283.1 million, up 36% from $208.3 million a year ago. "AMG produced solid earnings growth in the second quarter of 2006, notwithstanding a challenging equity market environment. Our organic growth remains strong, as net client cash flows during the quarter were $2.9 billion, driven by the strength and diversity of our Affiliates' product offerings," Sean M. Healey, the company's president and chief executive, said in a statement. Of the asset managers that have reported earnings, none have escaped the effects of a second-quarter stock slide that spurred investors to withdraw money from funds. At AMG, assets under management, a key driver of profits at money management firms, hit $202.26 billion at the end of the second quarter. That was up from roughly $138 billion a year ago but down from the $202.85 billion logged at the end of March. Of the $2.9 billion in second-quarter net cash flows, $2.2 billion went into the company's institutional, mutual fund and high-net-worth channels. AMG has investments in more than two dozen midsized money managers. The company also said it will use cash on its books to buy back shares.Check Out Our Best Services for Investors
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There's nothing like a potential romance to make you switch up your priorities – at least temporarily. Though the Konvict/Geffen/Interscope
Rebelution brass have yet to heed the U.S. Virgin Islands-bred brothers' call and P(ut) the F-ing A(lbum) O(ut), new buzz record All I Want finds Da Spokesman and Don't Talk Much of Rock City concerned with nothing besides their quest to win the heart of a special lady. Over Don Corleon's pop-appealing reggae boardwork, the freestyle series alumni serenade the object of their affections with one smooth line after another: "Is it cool if I call you my empress? 'Cause girl you're more than any man can ever want…" The end result is a record that should prove irresistible to female listeners, and leave fellas humming along to boot. It has yet to be revealed whether this buzz track will be included on any forthcoming project, but Rock City devotees can, of course, keep it locked to you-know-where for all the latest news and tunes.
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4.6 out of 5
Assistant Professor, Ophthalmology (Eye Center)
New Patient Appointments: 336-716-WAKE Returning Patient Appointments: 336-716-4091Department: 336-716-4091
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For a listing of recent publications, refer to PubMed, a service provided by the National Library of Medicine.
For a list of earlier publications, visit the Carpenter Library Publication Search.
The overall Patient Rating score is the average of responses to the nine questions listed below. The questions are from the Press Ganey Patient Satisfaction Survey. Responses are measured on a 1 to 5 scale, where 1 represents "very poor" and 5 represents "very good."
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Keep up the excellent work!
Dr Hein personally called me back to answer a question I had after surgery. That was incredible and meant so much to me. I've already recommended him to a friend.
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he rocks
Dr. Hein is a wonderful doctor. He is very thorough and explains things in a manner so that anyone would understand. Would definitely recommend him.
He was wonderful!
Dr. Hein is usually an amazing doctor, and I do understand this appointment was probably during a very stressful day for him seeing as how we had waited two hours for our appointment.
Dr. calls patients from waiting room (nice), but then leaves and let's door close. Patients have to open door and then search for Dr.
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Dr. Hein is real nice but always seems to be in a hurry.
My overall experience has been very rewarding.
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Food energy is energy that animals (including humans) derive from their food, through the process of cellular respiration, the process of joining oxygen with the molecules of food (aerobic respiration) or of reorganizing the atoms within the molecules for anaerobic respiration.
Humans and other animals need a minimum intake of food energy to sustain their metabolism and drive their muscles. Foods are composed chiefly of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, water, vitamins, and minerals. Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and water represent virtually all the weight of food, with vitamins and minerals making up only a small percentage of the weight. Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins comprise ninety percent of the dry weight of foods. Food energy is derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins as well as organic acids, polyols, and ethanol present in the diet. Some diet components that provide little or no food energy, such as water, minerals, vitamins and fiber, may still be necessary to health and survival for other reasons. Water contains very stable chemical bonds and so cannot be oxidized to provide energy. Vitamins and minerals are present in very small amounts (in milli- or micrograms) and also cannot be used for energy. Fiber, a type of carbohydrate, cannot be completely digested by the human body. Ruminants can extract food energy from the respiration of cellulose thanks to bacteria in their rumens.
A sedentary lifestyle is a type of lifestyle with no or irregular physical activity. A person who lives a sedentary lifestyle may colloquially be known as a couch potato. It is commonly found in both the developed and developing world. Sedentary activities include sitting, reading, watching television, playing video games, and computer use for much of the day with little or no vigorous physical exercise. A sedentary lifestyle can contribute to many preventable causes of death. Screen time is the amount of time a person spends watching a screen such as a television, computer monitor, or mobile device. Excessive screen time is linked to negative health consequences.
A lack of physical activity is one of the leading causes of preventable death worldwide.
The Schofield Equation is a method of estimating the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of adult men and women.
It is commonly used by dietitians as a means of estimating the total energy intake required to maintain current body mass. This figure can then be used to design a dietary regime that places the subject in kilojoule (or kilocalorie) deficit or surplus, depending on whether weight loss or gain is the intended clinical outcome.
The freshman 15 is an expression commonly used in the United States that refers to an amount (somewhat arbitrarily set at 15 pounds) of weight often gained during a student's first year at college. In Australia and New Zealand it is sometimes referred to as First Year Fatties, Fresher Spread, or Fresher Five, the latter referring to a five-kilogram gain.
The purported causes of this weight gain are increased alcohol intake and the consumption of fat and carbohydrate-rich cafeteria-style food and fast food in university dormitories. Many dining halls in American universities are all-you-can-eat style and offer copious dessert choices. In addition, lack of sleep may lead to overeating and weight gain, because it lowers the level of leptin. Other causes include malnutrition, stress, and decreased levels of exercise. All of these factors can affect each person in a different way. Studies confirm many of these causes. Colleges and universities have recently been cracking down on this common problem and are trying to educate people on how to prevent it. This problem has grown so much that students are focusing on how to stop the freshman 15 before it happens.
'Shred' Dieters Eat Many Times A Day
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Only 12% Of Americans Know How Many Calories They Should Eat Each Day


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We have 1 member florist delivering to Carlisle
When sending flowers to using Direct2florist, you can see and choose your local florist delivering flowers to Carlisle. Going direct to the local florists in Carlisle means bigger, more beautiful bouquets and floral arrangements and excellent service from the local florists.
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200 & 500 hour Yoga Teacher Training Retreats in Costa Rica
We had such an amazing time in Costa Rica with our fabulous hosts at El Sabanero this Spring we already booked it again for 2015! Practice in harmony with nature in one of the greenest countries on the planet! Join Drishti Yoga Teacher Training at El Sabanero Eco Lodge near the tropical beaches of Tamarindo, Costa Rica on the Nicoya Peninsula March 22 – April 15, 2015 for a yoga retreat of a life time! Earn your 200 hr. yoga teacher training certification while perched on hillside overlooking the valley with beautiful views from all rooms. El Sabanero boasts an infinity pool, chalets surrounded by lush gardens, outdoor Yoga space with a stunning view overlooking the mountains.
Days off are yours to simply relax by the pool, head to one of four local beaches, stroll through the quaint surf town of Tamarindo or take advantage of outdoor adventures like zip-lining, horseback riding, surfing, snorkeling, kayaking or rafting…the options are endless!
The Details
Class Length & Costs
- The training is 23 days total with 2 days off.
- $3600 Shared/double occupancy
Arrive March 22 by 5pm for orientation & welcome dinner. Training begins 6:30am March 23.
Last full day of training is April 14 with a closing dinner that evening at 7pm.
Depart April 15, 2015.
The teachers on this training are Sarah Walsh & Carri Uranga.
Prices Include:
- 24 nights accommodation March 22 – April 15, 2015 in plush chalets complete with AC, mini fridge and en-suite bathrooms
- 3 delicious vegetarian meals daily
- Wi-Fi available in the community areas of the pool and restaurant
- Use of laundry facilities once a week
- Course tuition
- Comprehensive Drishti Yoga Training manual
- Ashtanga Yoga Primary Series practice sheet
- Drishti Yoga Teacher Training Certificate upon completion of the course
Does not include:
- Flights to or within Costa Rica
- Airport transfers
- Extra snacks or drinks ordered from the kitchen such as alcoholic beverages or special juices
- Adventure tours booked through El Sabanero
- Taxis to surrounding beaches or town
To arrive at your yoga teacher training near Tamarindo, simply fly into Liberia, Guanacaste, Costa Rica. From there you will take a taxi straight to the hotel that you can arrange directly through El Sabanero. Please contact them in advance to book your ride after you have made your flight arrangements.
For more information on this spectacular adventure please contact us, or Book your Costa Rica Yoga Teacher Training online to pay your $500 deposit.
For more information on your stay check out http://www.elsabanero.com/.
***Note: If you are already a 200 hour certified yoga teacher this training can be used as a module toward your 500 hour yoga teacher certification.
The $500 deposit ensures your space. The remainder payment is due 30 days prior to the start date of the training. You will receive a welcome email within a few days of payment of deposit. Instructions for final payment may be included in this email or a subsequent email prior to departure which will kindly include specific travel instructions and suggestions for what to bring.
Remaining payment can be paid via bank wire transfer. Should you choose to pay the remainder via pay pal please note there will be an additional fee of 2.9% of final payment imposed by pay pal.


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Add a CommentThis is such a lot of fun. It features a more adult (but no less thrilling) romance than Austen's other novels, the most enjoyably awful sisters and father that any main character could have, and one of the most compelling love letters in literary history.
At first blush this is a quite dull book: most of the romance occurs before it even begins, and is seemingly over by the first chapter. However, although there are a few bad narrative decisions it is as heartwarming as the rest of her novels, as notable, and as memorable. . . if only you persist.
This is my first Jane Austen novel, and, to be honest, I chose it first because (1) it was on the shelf at my library and (2) it seemed the shortest. XD It took me a bit of time to get through it, but I really enjoyed it! It's such a wonderful story! Anne is a great heroine who is patient and quiet and very thoughtful, the reserved, sensible type, but she dares to hope that Captain Wentworth could still love her. After all, she's still in love with him, something she'll never get over. I love that. Captain Wentworth, although not the MAIN focus of the novel, is a good match for Anne and seems like a generally pleasing man. I don't know if we ever get a great physical description of him (what color his hair/eyes/skin is, exactly how tall he is, etc.), but that allows the reader to form their own conclusions about him. And anyway, personalities seem to be more important to Austen than looks. The romance was great and not over-played, and since I'm a sucker for happily ever afters that leave me smiling, it was a wonderful read. The supporting cast was great and varied; I especially liked how in the dialogue of Mary and Elizabeth, you can really contrast them with Anne and each other. I will be reading more Jane Austen for sure now. She's won me over.
Not the most famous of Austen's novels but a story I enjoy reading over and over. It shows the beauty of love sustained over time. I love the inner strength of the heroine.
Persuasion is rightly deemed the most romantic of Austen's novels. While her satire and sharp wit are still in evidence in her depictions of Anne's excessively vain father, her superficial older sister, and her attention-hog younger sister, among other characters and situations, it is the yearning of Anne for a romance that she realistically recognizes as impossible that is the heart of the novel. As the oldest of Austen's heroines at 28, Anne is sweet and a little naive, but ultimately sympathetic as she longs for the man she let go for all the right reasons. Notable for the most beautiful letter included in any of Austen's novels, this tale of a love thought lost is a thoroughly enjoyable read every time.
The language is simply stunning, though the run-on sentences slow it down quite a bit and for most people it's a drag to get through, though for me it was a treat.
Most people complain of it being a slow read, because it only really picks up in the last 20 pages. Much of the book's beauty is in what it implies, and doesn't have written out explicitly.
Oddly enough is my favourite Jane Austen novel. Definitely worth reading, a good story!
Add a Quote""I can no longer listen in silence. I must speak to you by such means as are within my reach. You pierce my soul. I am half agony, half hope. Tell me not that I am too late, that such precious feelings are gone forever...I must go, uncertain of my fate; but I shall return hither, or follow your party, as soon as possible. A word, a look will be enough to decide whether I enter your father`s house this evening, or never.
I could never doubt that you would be loved and sought by others, but I knew to a certainty that you had refused one man at least, of better pretensions than myself: and I could not help often saying, Was this for me?
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Research conducted at South Center Lake gains national attention— Toward the end of the Jan. 15 Chisago County Board of Commissioners meeting, Commissioner George McMahon mentioned, with a little laugh, that "We made the New York Times." What he was referring is the well-known paper's covera...Read More
Chisago County
Back in the early 1980s, Chisago County's Community Partnership with Youth and Families started the same way as other grassroots organizations get off the ground — with an idea and a handful of passionate participants. "There were a couple of teenagers at Rush City High School, not married, th...Read More
Merry Christmas and Happy New Year!— by State Rep. Bob Barrett God jul och gott nytt år! Merry Christmas and Happy New Year! I hope you and your family shared a blessed holiday season in the comfort of loved ones. It's been an honor and a privilege to serve the great people of Chisago County [....Read More
by Rachel Kytonen and Jon Tatting— Several people have been arrested in connection with an undercover drug investigation, including an offender on the Minnesota Department of Correction's top 10 most wanted list. The East Central Drug and Violent Offender Task Force concluded a four-month invest...Read More
Ever wonder what to do with that balled up, tangled mess of holiday lights that don't work anymore? Some people might be tempted to just toss them in the trash, but wait! Chisago County has again partnered with the Recycling Association of Minnesota (RAM) to "Recycle Your Holidays" and is no...Read More
Provided by the Chisago County Sheriff's Office— The East Central Drug and Violent Offender Task Force recently concluded a four-month investigation into drug trafficking and possession of stolen property cases that occurred in Chisago and Isanti counties. Of the four search warrants executed on...Read More
When discussion of constructing a new jail in Center City started more than eight years ago, the proposed cost was around $42 million. Since that time, that estimated figure has been pared down significantly — by about half — and now Chisago County is looking to reduce the amount even further. A...Read More


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GiffGaff Now Offers 4G Data Connections to its Users
Lifted from the unwashed masses of 3G data connections into the upper echelons of the 4G master race.
Lifted from the unwashed masses of 3G data connections into the upper echelons of the 4G master race.
The slow death of the unlimited data package continues as GiffGaff announces it's cutting its all-you-can-eat options.
GiffGaff's hoping to appease those right-royally pissed off by its network outage gaffe last week by bunging a community-chosen charity a £10,000 lump sum. That, and gifting users unmetered calling for a bit.
Looks like we spoke too soon about the growing pains and issues being over. GiffGaff seems to be out across the country for a whole host of people and it's due to a power outage.
You might not know this, but GiffGaff is an MVNO with a difference. It's powered by O2's network, and is actually owned by O2, but it's run very differently. It's a network for the people, run by the people, and operated up by a small, dedicated team of permanent employees headed up by the Gaffer himself, Mike Fairman. But where did GiffGaff start, and who is this Fairman chap?
Oh dear Orville, has money really got that tight? You're destroying some of my innocent childhood memories here; Keith looks like my granddad trying to be all "urban". And what the hell have chickens got to do with a mobile phone network anyway?
GiffGaff's feeling the strain of its low cost user-powered business model. It left some customers without a connection for three weeks and managed to mix up users' numbers for days, in its biggest gaff yet.
Popular SIM-only specialist GiffGaff has decided to get tough on the data hogs who abuse its unlimited data connections, introducing new checks and possible bars on those who suck down the most internet through their mobiles.
GiffGaff, the MVNO owned by, and run on, O2, has been suffering from an outage for the last three days. Certain GiffGaff customers have been without voice and data services for no apparent reason, and O2 has yet to rectify the situation.
Are you STILL wandering around clutching your old-fashioned Nintendo DS Lite to your bosom, looking like some kind of relic from the technological equivalent of the 1960s, or even the Boer War? Ugh.


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• Gimp.org - Official site • GIMP Git Changelog • GIMP Release Notes • GIMP Plugin Registry • GIMP Nightly Tarballs • IRC Freenode #gimp • GIMP g+ group The official g+ group • GIMP Chat - Popular GIMP Forum • GIMP Forums Popular GIMP Forum
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Why I'm no longer working in GIMP. (Not meant disrespectfully, but an honest appraisal of why GIMP no longer meets my needs) (self.GIMP)
submitted 2 years ago by ringl-bells
I hope that this will not be seen as an inflammitory post, but as something that can start some honest conversation about what needs to be done with GIMP.
I've been using GIMP over PS since roughly 2007. In that time I've championed it as a shining example of FOSS, a legitimate replacement for Photoshop in a professional setting, and a "must-have" piece of software on every computer I've owned.
When I took on responsibility for graphics at my current job I refused to purchase a Photoshop license and instead elected to install GIMP 2.6. It was great. It did exactly what I needed. It was stable. It worked.
Since that time 2.6 really started to show it's shortcomings. While it was workable the UI really suffered and certain tasks seemed like they were only made to be done in one very specific way.
2.7 came and went without an officially recognized (that I saw) windows port, and eventually 2.8 was released. I downloaded it a few months back and have been using it since.
My immediate reaction was that I was disappointed that there were a few changes that didn't seem to really be needed (can't tell you how many times I hit ctrl+shift+E out of habit only to be greeted by a save prompt) but the UI was a huge improvement. Text is easier to manage, toolbox options make more sense and are laid out in a more intuitive way, folders, better tablet support, and the list goes on. It's a great release. It really, really is.
But I cannot work with how buggy this is in Windows. A few weeks back I submitted this post about an issue working with a file I originally created in 2.6. Google was no help and I found no forum entries dealing with any sort of similar problem.
Today's issues, the truck filled with straw that broke the camel's back, were an .eps file that would not import properly, image scaling that would not scale layers with it, and color selection not actually selecting color.
I checked bugzilla for these issues and found that none of them had been reported and there is already a list of nearly 500 bugs in need of fixing. Now many of those are minor, but it was like looking into the future and seeing every issue I'm going to have to deal with using this software.
Maybe I'll be able to get by with a 2.6 installation again, but today I'll be uninstalling GIMP and hopefully awaiting a future version that works as expected.
So why come in here and moan about it and complain? Honestly, the biggest reason is because I had to get it off my chest. I'm hoping to find that maybe there will be a good discussion of what can be done to improve the situation in coming months and years. And I've truly enjoyed how helpful and knowledgeable the GIMP community has been over the years. I hope to be back, but it won't be with the current iteration of 2.8.
[–]Grue 12 points13 points14 points 2 years ago (1 child)
2.7 came and went without an officially recognized (that I saw) windows port
2.7.x were beta releases for 2.8, not stable versions. Only even numbered versions are considered public releases. That said, there were "official" Windows binaries available.
an .eps file that would not import properly
.eps is a vector format, so Inkscape might be a better fit. Some of the GIMP's plugins for loading/exporting to obscure formats might be somewhat outdated. Being able to convert from one image format to another isn't the point of GIMP anyway, there's more fitting software for that.
image scaling that would not scale layers with it, and color selection not actually selecting color.
These seem like user-side problems. Like forgetting to check "sample merged"? I'm currently editing a huge file with 189 layers and counting, and I haven't had anything unexpected (other than a certain tablet-related bug) happen to me.
[–]ringl-bells[S] 5 points6 points7 points 2 years ago (0 children)
Only even numbered versions are considered public releases.
TIL. Thanks, I never saw that in research in the past though it might just be considered "common knowledge".
there's more fitting software for that.
True, but prior to today I've never had an issue bringing an .eps into it's own file at the size I needed in order to push it into the file I'm working in. Could there be another issue at fault? Sure, but without getting any sort of error to work from I have nowhere to start troubleshooting.
These seem like user-side problems.
That's probably the nicest way I've ever seen someone say "you probably messed it up". :D
But the truth is I've worked hard with this program. I do my research. I blame myself before GIMP in almost all instances. But the eye dropper not selecting color properly? Running scale image exactly the same way each time but sometimes it does it properly and other times it leaves the last edited layer at full size? GIMP (at least in Windows) acts too inconsistent and provides too little information when something doesn't work right. It's gotten to be an exercise in frustration and feels like a genuine step backward from the previous version.
[–]BobHHowell 8 points9 points10 points 2 years ago (0 children)
I don't do anything with Gimp professionally. I have made a few graphics for a business presentation. But all of my stuff is for my own enjoyment. I have not tried 2.8 and have just stuck with 2.6 for the time being.
A couple of years back -- I just forced myself to stop using Paint Shop Pro (which ain't bad) and have really tried to master Gimp. And it has worked out well. I really like all the free filters.
When I get a positive response from, say, restoring a photo -- and someone says, "How did you do that?", I like telling them they can get Gimp for free. Hundreds of dollars for PhotoShop is too expensive for most folks who just want to fix a few photos or do something "cool".
I restored this photo tonight. It's a picture of one of my aunts who passed away a few years ago: http://i.imgur.com/81vTlYo.jpg
It's not high art and it's not THE BEST restoration anyone has ever done. But Gimp allowed me to do this without paying a cent.
[–]ringl-bells[S] 2 points3 points4 points 2 years ago (0 children)
Also: I'm still not buying anything by adobe. There was much merriment the day I got our company to ditch Reader.
[–][deleted] 4 points5 points6 points 2 years ago (3 children)
Use a linux distro.
[–]ringl-bells[S] 0 points1 point2 points 2 years ago (2 children)
Not an option on my work machine.
[–]fremandn 1 point2 points3 points 2 years ago (1 child)
This may or may not be possible, but you might be able to get away with using a virtual machine. There can be a big performance hit though. I'm not saying this is a reasonable solution; it's just a possibility.
[–]BobHHowell 0 points1 point2 points 2 years ago (0 children)
(or dual boot)
[–][deleted] 2 years ago* (0 children)
[–]DroidLogician 1 point2 points3 points 1 year ago* (0 children)
That's the thing with FOSS. No one's being paid to work on it. All the work on GIMP is done by volunteers in their spare time, AFAIK. If you want something fixed, learn how to program and do it yourself or pay a developer to do it for you.
If your company spends a lot on PS licenses, you could migrate your office to GIMP and convince your company to spend their savings on a developer who adds and fixes stuff that you need, and then contribute it back to the main project.
π Rendered by PID 3470 on app-24 at 2015-03-03 12:49:16.724609+00:00 running 95b513d country code: US.


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I recently purchased a 4x5 B+J View Camera (grey with red bellows) and I would love to get a good CLA on the lenses. Any suggestions on someone to take it to? I would rather not ship it off if possible.
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I recently purchased a 4x5 B+J View Camera (grey with red bellows) and I would love to get a good CLA on the lenses. Any suggestions on someone to take it to? I would rather not ship it off if possible.
There used to be a guy in south Minneapolis who worked on shutters, lenses, machined lens boards, etc, but I don't recall his name, or know if he's still in business. He worked out of his home in the mid-80's. You might ask around at studios. I only needed him once for a minor item.
There also used to be an independent repair shop in downtown Mpls that was factory authorized for almost any brand, and should be able to help you. Sorry, don't recall that name either... looked it up... Marquette Camera Repair, which used to be downtown Mpls on Marquette, but has apparently moved.
Ask at West Photo or National Camera Exchange if you can't get a line otherwise. The people who've been at either place for a while might be able to help.
Marquette is now in Golden Valley, about 1/2 mile from National Camera.
There was a guy in S. Minneapolis who did repair work and passed away about 5-10 years ago. He may be the one referred to in the prior post.
My suggestion: Paul Ebel in Wisconson. The last number I have for him is 651-335-8759 (he used to be in St. Paul).
I still get bummed every time I drive by the Dunn Bro's on Lake where Custom Camera used to be.
Someone like the Flutots would make a killing up here, one would think.
I called Paul and he can work on both of the lenses which is great news. Thanks for the info!
He also seems like a super nice guy and was more than happy to answer any ?s i had.
Very likely. I didn't know how old he was, and when I searched on the person I was going to mention as a reference who would know the repair guy's name for sure, I found that he'd died in 2005. I moved away almost 22 years ago now, but certainly no one in Minnesota is getting any older in the interim, right?


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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - View original article
Spermatogenesis | |
Seminiferous tubule with maturing sperm. H&E stain. | |
A mature human Spermatozoon | |
Anatomical terminology |
Spermatogenesis | |
Seminiferous tubule with maturing sperm. H&E stain. | |
A mature human Spermatozoon | |
Anatomical terminology |
Spermatogenesis is the process in which spermatozoa are produced from male primordial germ cells by way of mitosis and meiosis. The initial cells in this pathway are called spermatogonia, which yield primary spermatocytes by mitosis. The primary spermatocyte divides meiotically into two secondary spermatocytes; each secondary spermatocyte then completes meiosis as it divides into two spermatids. These develop into mature spermatozoa, also known as sperm cells. Thus, the primary spermatocyte gives rise to two cells, the secondary spermatocytes, and the two secondary spermatocytes by their subdivision produce four spermatozoa.[1]
Spermatozoa are the mature male gametes in many sexually reproducing organisms. Thus, spermatogenesis is the male version of gametogenesis. In mammals it occurs in the male testes and epididymis in a stepwise fashion. Spermatogenesis is highly dependent upon optimal conditions for the process to occur correctly, and is essential for sexual reproduction. DNA methylation and histone modification have been implicated in the regulation of this process.[2] It starts at puberty and usually continues uninterrupted until death, although a slight decrease can be discerned in the quantity of produced sperm with increase in age (see Male infertility).
Spermatogenesis produces mature male gametes, commonly called sperm but specifically known as spermatozoa, which are able to fertilize the counterpart female gamete, the oocyte, during conception to produce a single-celled individual known as a zygote. This is the cornerstone of sexual reproduction and involves the two gametes both contributing half the normal set of chromosomes (haploid) to result in a chromosomally normal (diploid) zygote.
To preserve the number of chromosomes in the offspring – which differs between species – each gamete must have half the usual number of chromosomes present in other body cells. Otherwise, the offspring will have twice the normal number of chromosomes, and serious abnormalities may result. In humans, chromosomal abnormalities arising from incorrect spermatogenesis can result in Down Syndrome, Klinefelter's Syndrome, and spontaneous abortion.
Spermatogenesis takes place within several structures of the male reproductive system. The initial stages occur within the testes and progress to the epididymis where the developing gametes mature and are stored until ejaculation. The seminiferous tubules of the testes are the starting point for the process, where stem cells adjacent to the inner tubule wall divide in a centripetal direction—beginning at the walls and proceeding into the innermost part, or lumen—to produce immature sperm. Maturation occurs in the epididymis.
For humans, entire process of spermatogenesis takes 74 days. Including the transport on ductal system, it takes 3 months. Testes produce 200 to 300 million spermatozoa daily.[3]
The entire process of spermatogenesis can be broken up into several distinct stages, each corresponding to a particular type of cell in human. In the following table, ploidy, copy number and chromosome/chromatid counts are for one cell, generally prior to DNA synthesis and division (in G1 if applicable). The primary spermatocyte is arrested after DNA synthesis and prior to division.
Cell type | ploidy/chromosomes in human | DNA copy number/chromatids in human | Process entered by cell |
spermatogonium (types Ad, Ap and B) | diploid (2N) / 46 | 2C / 46 | spermatocytogenesis (mitosis) |
primary spermatocyte | diploid (4N) / 46 | 4C / 2x46 | spermatidogenesis (meiosis 1) |
two secondary spermatocytes | haploid (N) / 23 | 2C / 2x23 | spermatidogenesis (meiosis 2) |
four spermatids | haploid (N) / 23 | 1C / 23 | spermiogenesis |
four functional spermatozoids | haploid (N) / 23 | 1C / 23 | spermiation |
It has been suggested that this article be merged with Spermatocytogenesis. (Discuss) Proposed since January 2012. |
Spermatocytogenesis is the male form of gametocytogenesis and results in the formation of spermatocytes possessing half the normal complement of genetic material. In spermatocytogenesis, a diploid spermatogonium, which resides in the basal compartment of the seminiferous tubules, divides mitotically, producing two diploid intermediate cells called primary spermatocytes. Each primary spermatocyte then moves into the adluminal compartment of the seminiferous tubules and duplicates its DNA and subsequently undergoes meiosis I to produce two haploid secondary spermatocytes, which will later divide once more into haploid spermatids. This division implicates sources of genetic variation, such as random inclusion of either parental chromosomes, and chromosomal crossover, to increase the genetic variability of the gamete.
Each cell division from a spermatogonium to a spermatid is incomplete; the cells remain connected to one another by bridges of cytoplasm to allow synchronous development. It should also be noted that not all spermatogonia divide to produce spermatocytes; otherwise, the supply of spermatogonia would run out. Instead, certain types of spermatogonia divide mitotically to produce copies of themselves, ensuring a constant supply of spermatogonia to fuel spermatogenesis.[4]
Spermatidogenesis is the creation of spermatids from secondary spermatocytes. Secondary spermatocytes produced earlier rapidly enter meiosis II and divide to produce haploid spermatids. The brevity of this stage means that secondary spermatocytes are rarely seen in histological studies.
During spermiogenesis, the spermatids begin to grow a tail, and develop a thickened mid-piece, where the microtubules gather and form an axoneme. Spermatid DNA also undergoes packaging, becoming highly condensed. The DNA is packaged firstly with specific nuclear basic proteins, which are subsequently replaced with protamines during spermatid elongation. The resultant tightly packed chromatin is transcriptionally inactive. The Golgi apparatus surrounds the now condensed nucleus, becoming the acrosome. One of the centrioles of the cell elongates to become the tail of the sperm.
Maturation then takes place under the influence of testosterone, which removes the remaining unnecessary cytoplasm and organelles. The excess cytoplasm, known as residual bodies, is phagocytosed by surrounding Sertoli cells in the testes. The resulting spermatozoa are now mature but lack motility, rendering them sterile. The mature spermatozoa are released from the protective Sertoli cells into the lumen of the seminiferous tubule in a process called spermiation.
The non-motile spermatozoa are transported to the epididymis in testicular fluid secreted by the Sertoli cells with the aid of peristaltic contraction. While in the epididymis the spermatozoa gain motility and become capable of fertilization. However, transport of the mature spermatozoa through the remainder of the male reproductive system is achieved via muscle contraction rather than the spermatozoon's recently acquired motility.
At all stages of differentiation, the spermatogenic cells are in close contact with Sertoli cells which are thought to provide structural and metabolic support to the developing sperm cells. A single Sertoli cell extends from the basement membrane to the lumen of the seminiferous tubule, although the cytoplasmic processes are difficult to distinguish at the light microscopic level.
Sertoli cells serve a number of functions during spermatogenesis, they support the developing gametes in the following ways:
The intercellular adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and soluble ICAM-1 have antagonistic effects on the tight junctions forming the blood-testis barrier.[6] ICAM-2 molecules regulate spermatid adhesion on the apical side of the barrier (towards the lumen).[6] during spermatogenesis, the cells are closely associated with sertoli cells which lies at regular interval alone the seminiferous tubules. sertoli cells perform the following tasks:
The process of spermatogenesis is highly sensitive to fluctuations in the environment, particularly hormones and temperature. Testosterone is required in large local concentrations to maintain the process, which is achieved via the binding of testosterone by androgen binding protein present in the seminiferous tubules. Testosterone is produced by interstitial cells, also known as Leydig cells, which reside adjacent to the seminiferous tubules.
Seminiferous epithelium is sensitive to elevated temperature in humans and some other species, and will be adversely affected by temperatures as high as normal body temperature. Consequently, the testes are located outside the body in a sack of skin called the scrotum. The optimal temperature is maintained at 2 °C (man)–8 °C (mouse) below body temperature. This is achieved by regulation of blood flow[7] and positioning towards and away from the heat of the body by the cremasteric muscle and the dartos smooth muscle in the scrotum.
Dietary deficiencies (such as vitamins B, E and A), anabolic steroids, metals (cadmium and lead), x-ray exposure, dioxin, alcohol, and infectious diseases will also adversely affect the rate of spermatogenesis.[citation needed] In addition, the male germ line is susceptible to DNA damage caused by oxidative stress, and this damage likely has a significant impact on fertilization and pregnancy.[8] Exposure to pesticides also affects spermatogenesis. [9]
Hormonal control of spermatogenesis varies among species. In humans the mechanism is not completely understood, however it is known that initiation of spermatogenesis occurs at puberty due to the interaction of the hypothalamus, pituitary gland and Leydig cells. If the pituitary gland is removed, spermatogenesis can still be initiated by follicle stimulating hormone and testosterone.
Follicle stimulating hormone stimulates both the production of androgen binding protein by Sertoli cells, and the formation of the blood-testis barrier. Androgen binding protein is essential to concentrating testosterone in levels high enough to initiate and maintain spermatogenesis, which can be 20–50 times higher than the concentration found in blood. Follicle stimulating hormone may initiate the sequestering of testosterone in the testes, but once developed only testosterone is required to maintain spermatogenesis. However, increasing the levels of follicle stimulating hormone will increase the production of spermatozoa by preventing the apoptosis of type A spermatogonia. The hormone inhibin acts to decrease the levels of follicle stimulating hormone. Studies from rodent models suggest that gonadotropin hormones (both LH and FSH) support the process of spermatogenesis by suppressing the proapoptotic signals and therefore promote spermatogenic cell survival.[10]
The Sertoli cells themselves mediate parts of spermatogenesis through hormone production. They are capable of producing the hormones estradiol and inhibin. The Leydig cells are also capable of producing estradiol in addition to their main product testosterone.


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Gentlemen, this is my version of MvM's, The Calm and Robots! I added some other instruments to make it sound more accurate to the original. I'm playing Robots faster, without drums you would find it a bit boring if I played it slower. Hope you like it! Soldier's theme: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NPOa8HGMN0A Scout's theme: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oqACaeKUPkw Engineer's theme: […]
Hello everyone! My arrangement of Dota 2's main theme. Hope you like it! Composed by Jason Hayes and Tim Larkin My facebook page: http://www.facebook.com/pages/Taioo/395506577186821 Sheet music (not exactly like I played it): http://musescore.com/user/27378/scores/66605
WOLOLOOO! My arrangement of the main theme to Age of Empires 2, and I added a bit of the intro and menu themes =) I played it by ear so there's no sheet music right now. Hope you like it! Composed by Stephen Rippy and Kevin McMullan My facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Taioo/395506577186821
Here's my arrangement of AC4's main theme. Hope you like it! Played by ear, no sheet music at the moment. Composed by Brian Tyler. Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Taioo/395506577186821
This is me playing JoshGraham91Music's arrangement of Red's theme from Pokemon Gold and Silver and Lance's theme from Black and White. This was requested a lot after I did the Trainer battle theme. Hope you like it! Sheet music here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yhOEjBeAosA Composed by Junichi Masuda Facebook page: http://www.facebook.com/pages/Taioo/395506577186821
My arrangement of the Lutece's theme, everyone's favorite duo from Bioshock Infinite. I played it by ear so there's no sheet music. Hope you like it! Composed by Garry Schyman. Elizabeth's theme: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kl9eIKqFXMc Bioshock piano medley: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3vxy-YwnLNA Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Taioo/395506577186821
After many requests here you have this medley of some of Albert Fink's Magical Melodies. I played them by ear based on Scott Bradlee, Jim Bonney, A mighty Wind and Tony Babino's arrangements, so I don't have the sheet music. Track list: 00:00 "Solace" (Scott Joplin) (sheet music: http://bit.ly/13rvIWR) 00:45 "Girls just want to have […]
Download "Warriors" sheet music
Hi everyone! This is my arrangement of Xavier's theme ("Hope") and "Welcome back" (the end titles, and also the X2 main theme). I played it by ear so there's no sheet music at the moment. Hope you like it! Composed by John Ottman My facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Taioo/395506577186821
My arrangement of the Rainbow Road theme, the n64 version and the new Wii U Version. Played by ear, no sheet music at the moment. Hope you like it! Composed by Kenta Nagata, Asuka Ota, Ryo Nagamatsu My facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Taioo/395506577186821


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Apple released minor software update for Apple TV 2 – labeled 4.2.2 – which generally fixes some audio and video playback issues (see the full list of changes below). The IPSW name is still 4.3, but the build version changed from 8F202 to 8F305. @i0n1c has already updated Apple TV 2 kernel for his original 4.3.1 untether. NitoTV confirmed that the new untether works "beautifully" and he said there should be a new Seas0nPass out very soon.
For those who still have problems jailbreaking Apple TV 2 on iOS 4.3 with SeasOnPass, sn0wbreez is the alternative you should give a try to. The software has been updated to version 2.5.1 just a couple of days ago and it can now jailbreak your atv2 on the latest software in a flash (less than 10 minutes in our case). Considered as the unofficial PwnageTool for Windows, sn0wbreeze works with Windows XP, Vista and 7.
Here is the step-by-step tutorial on how to jailbreak your Apple TV 2 on iOS 4.3 (Apple TV 4.2.1) using sn0wbreez 2.5.1:
FireCore's Seas0nPass has been updated to provide an untethered jailbreak for the latest 4.2.1 (iOS 4.3) Apple TV2 software. Similar to PwnageTool, Seas0nPass allows you to jailbreak your atv2 by creating custom Apple TV IPSW files and restoring them in iTunes. It's both mac and Windows and it works like a charm!
Here are the instructions on how to jailbreak your Apple TV 2 on iOS 4.3 (Apple TV 4.2.1) using Seas0nPass:
You're on Winows and there is no mac around to help you do the job of jailbraking your Apple TV 2 accidentally updated to 4.3? The solution has just arrived: recently released Firecore's Seas0nPass for Windows can jailbreak your little box running latest firmware and easily go through the tethered boot process if needed. Seas0nPass is free and open source. The application and user guides can be found at Seas0nPass.com.
Firecore has also shared the news that they plan to have a preview 'alpha' version of their video player (with NAS streaming support) available next week.
Fire Core has finally released the first beta version of aTV Flash (black) for the Apple TV 2G. It gives you a web browser with HTML5 support (not all HTML5 sites are supported yet), a Plex client that lets you stream nearly any kind of video from Plex Server running on your Mac, Last.fm access and some info on demand (current weather and news feeds). Fire Core promises to enable additional media formats such as AVI, MP4, MKV, DVD files and to support media streaming from most NAS devices (including Airport Extreme and Time Capsule) in the near future. You don't need to be worry about the original Apple TV features, they will all remain fully operational.


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OP Retired Recognized Developer
Thanks Meter: 5,721
2,485 posts
Join Date:Joined: Jan 2009
Donate to Me
This version is for the old radio on both Dream and Magic. I plan to support the new radio soon.
#include <std_disclaimer.h> /* * Your warranty is now void. * * I am not responsible for bricked devices, dead SD cards, * thermonuclear war, or you getting fired because the alarm app failed. Please * do some research if you have any concerns about features included in this ROM * before flashing it! YOU are choosing to make these modifications, and if * you point the finger at me for messing up your device, I will laugh at you. */
Visit the CHANGELOG for a full list of changes and features!
If you'd like to to contribute to CyanogenMod, checkout our Gerrit instance.
It's important to know that the "DangerSPL" (or DeathSPL or Haykuro's SPL or whatever you prefer) is a prerequisite for Dream/G1 users. Magic (MT3G etc) users do *not* need to do this. Ciwrl has written a guide to installing this bootloader. Flashing this bootloader under the wrong conditions can actually brick your device, so pay attention to the guide. CM releases have always avoided this requirement, but the new bootloader frees up enough space so that no crazy hacks are required for a fully functional system, and it's easier to keep in sync with the N1/Droid releases.
- First time flashing CM 6 to your Dream/Sapphire (or coming from another ROM)?
1. Unlock/root your device and install Clockwork Recovery via ROM Manager or Amon_RA's recovery image
2. Do a Nandroid backup!
3. Update your radio if necessary
5. Install the ROM
5. Optionally install the Google Addon
- Upgrading from earlier CM6?
1. Do a Nandroid Backup!
2. Install the ROM (your Google apps will be backed up automatically)
- Was it a hard reboot? Get me the file "/proc/last_kmsg".
- Was it a soft reboot or a "boot loop"? Run "adb logcat" and get me the full output.
- Pastebin links preferred
- Please use the issue tracker whenever possible!
Please visit the CyanogenMod Wiki for step-by-step installation walkthroughs and tons of other useful information.
The preferred method of installation is via ROM Manager, or you can head over to the CM Forums for manual downloads.
Thank you to EVERYONE involved in helping with testing, coding, debugging and documenting! Enjoy!
Last edited by cyanogen; 6th December 2010 at 02:04 AM.


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Richard H. Fryer, MD
Ratings based on 113 reviews
Reviews (113)
5 out of 5 stars Breast Augmentation
Very Knowledgable and Patient, Gave Me Realistic and Succeeded my Expectations! - Draper, UT
Dr. F is an amazing plastic surgeon. He preformed my breast augmentation and did a fatastic job. Several other plastic surgeons told me previously that I would need a lift, Dr. F said otherwise. I can't express how confident I'm feeling in my results and how happy I am to have chosen him. His pricing was also extremely affordable, I paid $4800 for my procedure, with silicone implants. For saline, he charges $3800.
5 out of 5 stars
Breast Augmentation - Draper, UT
5 out of 5 stars
45 Year Old Mother of 5 Kids - Salt Lake City, UT
Dr. Fryer was very professional and helpful. The results show he is a talented and skilled surgeon.
30 Year Old 5'1" Mother to 3 Children - Draper, UT
I've just had a consultation with Dr. Fryer. I liked him. He took a lot of time with me. He tells you how it is and not what you want to hear. That's hard for a lot of people, but when it comes to spending thousands of dollars for an elective surgery I want honesty and true expectations. I'm calling his office today to set my appointment up for April 2015.
5 out of 5 stars Tummy Tuck
Mother of 6, Triathlete, and STILL in Need in a Tummy Tuck - Draper, UT
5 out of 5 stars Breast Augmentation
Absolutely Ecstatic with the Results and with Dr. Fryer! Lived with Small Breasts on a Big Rib Cage for Too Long...- Draper, UT
I did a TON of research when I made the decision to get a breast augmentation. Dr. Fryer's reviews were far and away more consistent, positive and impressive, as were the before and after pictures on his website. Beyond this, his staff was accommodating and friendly, and not nearly as pushy as the other offices I called - one surgeons's office called me three times in one day to push me to make a down payment before I ever came in! I made the initial consultation appointment and was able to meet with Dr. Fryer in person - he patiently answered all of my questions (this would be the first surgery I've ever had, so I had a long list of questions!), and I was allowed to take as much time as I needed to "try out" the different sizes recommended for me (400cc up to 500cc - I have a big rib cage!). I initially decided on 450cc but I'm glad I had a few weeks before my pre-op when I needed to make the final decision, because I ended up deciding on the 500cc size and I am beyond happy I did! They fit my body perfectly, not too large but I have a more balanced figure and I feel much more feminine. My appointment was first thing in the morning on the 22nd of December, where I had another chance to talk with Dr. Fryer, as well as an assistant and the anesthesiologist before the procedure. The surgery itself went incredibly smoothly - it felt like I took a 5-minute nap and woke up with a really tight chest. Dr. Fryer called me that night to make sure I was doing well. The first week was mainly discomfort and tightness, no real pain, no bruising of any kind. Two weeks+ post-op now and the results are only getting better, they are completely symmetrical with fantastic shape and I continue to recover well. I have to note how impressed I am with Dr. Fryer's bedside manner and attentiveness. The night of New Year's Eve (9 days post-op) our apartment flooded and I was forced to try and help move everything out in a hurry. Of course I pushed myself too far and began feeling a sharp, shooting, regular pain in one breast. Terrified that I had caused bleeding or done real damage, I called the dispatch number given to get in touch with Dr. Fryer after hours. He was paged, and called back within 5 minutes (this is less than an hour to midnight on New Year's Eve) and spent time with me on the phone discussing exactly what my symptoms were, what the cause was (muscle strain), and what warning signs to look for to be sure it wasn't more serious. He was right, and rest and ice eased the pain quickly. I am incredibly happy not only with the choice to get a breast augmentation, but with Dr. Fryer's skill as a surgeon and the care he takes with his patients. (pictures coming soon!)


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Men in Dalhousie dentistry Facebook page apologize for sexually hateful...
Lightning get trades going by acquiring Coburn very early on deadline day
'Orphan Black,' 'Mommy' seek top film, TV prizes at Canadian Screen Awards
Ontario Progressive Conservative MPPs have shamelessly veered from thinly...
In Ontario, there is something akin to a rite of passage for many...
An Oakville father who lost his 18-year-old son to a workplace accident called on hundreds of students at Iroquois Ridge Secondary School to speak out if an employer ever asks them to do something they feel is unsafe.
Rob Ellis of www.mysafework.com and around 20 local business and government leaders discussed the importance of workplace safety during a school presentation lastThursday.
"The reason I am here today is I don't want you to ever have to go through what my family went through," said Ellis.
"It just devastated us."
Ellis said in 1999 his son Dave was a recent high school graduate who decided to take a part-time job at an Oakville bakery so he could earn some money for university.
After his first day at work Dave came home and was asked by his father how the job was.
Ellis said Dave just shrugged his shoulders and that was basically the end of the conversation.
Today the Oakville father knows he should have asked his son a lot more questions about whether he had received any kind of orientation or training or if his work was being supervised or if his employers gave him the opportunity to ask questions.
On Dave's second day at work, Ellis said, he was directed to clean dough from an industrial mixer without supervision or training.
During the cleaning process the mixer accidently activated.
Dave was drawn into the rotating blades and struck his head.
Word of the accident reached Ellis later that morning at which point he and his family made the trip to Oakville Trafalgar Memorial Hospital where Dave was struggling for life.
"My 18-year-old son Dave was on that (hospital) bed. His blood was on the floor, on the walls. There were nurses on one side and doctors on the other. Everybody was in panic mode," said Ellis.
"My son was just gasping for air. As a dad I just wanted to go in and pick him up and take him home where he'd be safe. My job as a dad was to protect my son and I couldn't."
Dave held on for six days before succumbing to his injuries.
Since that time Ellis has dedicated his life to advocating for health, safety and wellness in the workplace.
During the presentation Ellis approached a number of the business leaders present to ask about their safety protocols and how to avoid workplace accidents.
Oakville Hydro President and CEO Rob Lister said safety the first priority at his company.
He called on those present to be mindful of their surroundings, not just at work, but everywhere and advised them they have the right to stop and ask questions at work if they don't understand something.
Oakville Mayor Rob Burton echoed Lister's remarks stating great things can happen when youths challenge the status quo.
He pointed to Oakville's skate parks and a youth drop in centre, which were built after young people advocated for.
Oakville Liberal incumbent Kevin Flynn also weighed in on workplace safety in Ontario.
He noted that despite Ontario having one of the safest workplaces in the world work-related accidents and deaths still happen far too often.
"Every few days I get a phone call or an email that tells me the system has failed somehow. That somebody left for work, happy, expecting a pay cheque, expecting to come home to their family at night and they haven't. They lost their life instead. Very quickly I found out that as the Minister of Labour that is the worst part of the job I am so proud to have," said Flynn, who was appointed to the role in March, prior to the election being called.
He said the time someone is most likely to get hurt on the job is in the first two weeks of the very first job they have and asked the students to remember Ellis' story.
When one student asked what is being done to make workplaces safer Flynn said the government of Ontario has succeeded in reducing workplace accidents by about 30 per cent since 2003.
"One workplace fatality, one workplace accident is too many," said Flynn.
"As of July 1, Canada Day, of this year it will be the law in the Province of Ontario that when you show up for that job you get mandatory health and safety training orientation. It is not just a good idea or something we would like you to do. It is something that as an employer now that you have to do."
Another student noted that young workers are easily replaceable and asked what power they really have to refuse unsafe work.
Flynn said that if a young person is fired for asking questions about safety their first call should be to the Ministry of Labour who will investigate these types of allegations.
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Afghan refugee children suffer from hunger, malnutrition and disease. Many of the children who fled the Taliban with their parents have ended up in the slums of Kabul
With his photo project "This Place", Frederic Brenner sought to provide a different insight into Israel and the West Bank. As part of the project, 12 international photographers present landscape and portrait photos that aim to contribute to the observer's understanding of the conflict region. The exhibition runs at the Dox Center for Contemporary Art in Prague until 3 March 2015. By Felix Koltermann


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Call us: 1.888.996.9890
The exquisite and sophisticated Fashion Bed Group Lizmore Bed frame features grills of flattened oval tubing emphasizing sweeping, scrolling curves. The elegant Frosted Silver Finish creates a light and romantic feel to the bed. Egg-shaped finials top tapered spindles, standing tall beside the charming swirls of the headboard and footboard. With very few straight lines, this piece serves as a fanciful addition to any room. The Lizmore is available in full, queen and king sizes.
Your bed will arrive with a 10 year limited manufacturer's warranty that warrants your Daybed, bed, headboard, futon or related product against defects in workmanship or material for 10 years from the date of purchase for the original owner. Upon inspect Leggett & Platt Fashion Bed will repair or replace your product at its option.
There are several ways to take advantage of this warranty. We recommend calling Leggett & Platt Fashion Bed groups warranty department at 800-825-5233 for instructions. Further information can be found in this warranty PDF.


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- Publisher: Nintendo
- Release Date: May 24, 2013
- Critic Score
- Most active
- Publication
- Most clicked
Jul 9, 2013An excellent platformer that will test your patience along with your skills in a fair, entertaining and imaginative way. [Issue#231]
May 31, 2013Then I scanned the mental checklist of requirements for a 5 out of 5 score: high quality game without serious flaw? Check. One of the very best games available for the 3DS? Check. Does it use 3D to the game's benefit? In general yes and at times, hell yes. Can a player turn off the 3D and still get a complete experience? Yup. Do I stay awake too late, miss busses, and burn food in the toaster oven because I'm so absorbed by it, and can't put it down? Yes, yes and yes.
May 17, 2013If you missed out on Donkey Kong Country Returns the first time around, or you disliked the motion-heavy controls of the original, pick up this version. With solid tactile feedback, the 3DS edition of the game has cemented itself as one of my favorite platformers of all time without question.
May 17, 2013The visuals translate perfectly onto the 3DS, as if they were meant to be there in the first place. Everything fits tightly into the smaller screen, yet despite all the action and quick timing, you never feel as if there are too many distractions.
Jun 2, 2013Donkey Kong Country Returns 3D is a must have game for lovers of platformers that really takes this port to the definitive level.
May 17, 2013Donkey Kong Country Returns 3D is a near perfect remake of the Wii classic.
May 31, 2013All in all, this is definitely something that all 3DS owners should consider picking up. Even if you played the heck out of Donkey Kong Country Returns on the Wii, I think you'll find that this definitely warrants the double dip.
Jul 4, 2013Still the best 2D platformer in years. [Aug 2013, p.77]
Jun 19, 2013Donkey Kong Country Returns 3D is better than the original -- still a difficult game -- but the advantage of being able to close the lid of the 3DS and take a break rather than hurling a Wii Remote in frustration and the lengths the developers went to make the game more accessible without really changing anything about the game elevates the entire experience.
Jun 13, 2013The 3DS version's new features aren't essential, but luckily the original game still is. It's not a perfect port, but Returns 3D is nevertheless an excellent and polished platformer. [June 2013]
May 29, 2013If you loved the original series, or even the Wii reboot, this iteration is a must own.
May 28, 2013On the whole, Donkey Kong Country Returns 3D offers up one of the most challenging and rewarding platforming adventures in recent memory. Take note, developers, this is how a port should be done.
May 21, 2013Not only one of the greatest games for the Nintendo 3DS, but also the perfect example that great game design is timeless.
May 19, 2013Donkey Kong Country Returns was a great game on the Wii and it is a great game on the 3DS. Even if you have already played the Wii version, this 3D remake is amazing value for your money.
May 17, 2013Where Rare fell into obscurity, Retro and Monster Games seem to have picked up the pieces and evolved the platforming formula to a new level, streamlining certain features and giving the 3DS yet another must-play game.
May 17, 2013Monster Games' 3DS version further tweaks the formula, with better controls and a new difficulty mode that feels just right. This is the best version of a densely packed, fast-paced and beautifully designed platformer.
May 16, 2013One of the best 2D platform games in the last years. Varied game, full of possibilities and long. Donkey Kong Country Returns has a polished gameplay and brilliant artistic designs in the return for the most famous virtual monkey, now in a great hand-held version.
May 16, 2013The 3D effect has arguably never been better used in a platformer on the system — ironic as it wasn't originally designed for the hardware — and it's a technically sound iteration of one of the Wii's very best games.
Jun 20, 2013One of the best 2D platformers with a tonne of replayability, now in a portable shell.
May 17, 2013A great port of an amazing game. The extra world is a worthwhile addition, and the new easy mode should allow even more people to enjoy the ride.
May 28, 2013With what could you call Donkey Souls one of the best and hardest Jump'n'runs in recent years has finally come to 3DS. It it not pitch perfect though. But who cares about occasional framerate issues against the pure joy you can experience with this gem.
May 20, 2013Although its lack in innovation and some problems related to the screen scaling, this edition for Nintendo 3DS is still surprising, maintaining the excellent platforming experience that we experienced in Wii. If you missed it, this is the best time to play it.
May 17, 2013Donkey Kong Country Returns 3D is a good port of a great game; a minor graphical downgrade is the only price to pay for a overall better version, with more precise control a some nice new content.
May 16, 2013It still is as good as we remember it. If you've already played it on Wii there are not too many reasons to play it again, but if you missed it, you've got in front of you one of the best platformers we've seen in the last few years.
May 30, 2013A great platformer with broader appeal than before, but there isn't a lot new here. [July 2013, p.78]
May 23, 2013Donkey Kong Country Returns 3D is an excellent port of an excellent game - though its difficulty may be a little off-putting for newcomers.
May 19, 2013One of the finest Wii games make its "return" on the 3DS. Monster Games managed to squeeze the brilliant level design and the epic challenges of the original game in this 3DS port. Some minor visual problems keep it a step away from the original Retro Studios game, but it's absolutely still worth playing.
May 17, 2013Retro Studios' foray into 2D platformers is great, but this isn't the definitive version and, honestly, you might be better off tracking down the Wii version.
May 17, 2013While I enjoyed the extreme challenge of collecting all the letters and conquering the Golden Temple in the original game, I feel that these items make the game more enjoyable without taking away too much of the difficulty.
Jun 2, 2013Donkey Kong Country Returns 3D doesn't have enough to entice Wii owners back into the jungle, but if you haven't yet made the trip to Kong Island, you'd be absolutely bananas to miss out.
User score distribution:
Positive: 26 out of 30
Mixed: 1 out of 30
Negative: 3 out of 30
May 28, 2013
May 26, 2013
May 24, 2013


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An undertrial prisoner from Nizambad district escaped from Osmania General Hospital (OGH) on Sunday afternoon.
Police said Ramachandra Chari, 35, went to washroom to attend nature's call and escaped by jumping from the window.
He was arrested in connection with a theft case that was reported at Domakunta police station in Nizambad district a few weeks ago and later sent to the prison in the district.
On Wednesday, he complained of some health problem following which jail authorities shifted him to OGH.
A manhunt is on to trace him.
Keywords: Hyderabad, Undertrial, Prisoner, Escape
More In: Hyderabad


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I saw the prices of Reclast and dont laugh but almost pee'd my pants. its outrages.
All of you here paid those high Prices.
I havent used it yet, need to see if my health plan will cover it first.
does it really work?
The Cost of Reclast?
- Posted:
- 27 Jul 2013 by bobandterryg
- Topics:
- reclast
Answers (1)
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Caption This Pet Photo 2010-04-24 09:00:06
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BadenP is right. The value just isn't there for popcorn. To borrow a line, popcorn costs 5 dollars a silo. Selling little bags or bins for 10 dollars and upward just doesn't resonate with many folks.
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We also have very few units that sell popcorn at stores in our town. We just finished a second set of show and sells last weekend and have another set scheduled for beginning of november, a week before our final order date. And I was surprised that the kids seemed to make just as much money selling at this time of year as they did when we got our first order of popcorn back in september. So our market is far from saturated with popcorn sales.
I didn't see anyone being rude to our kids, luckily. But I did have one lady come up to me and start this weird conversation about BSA letting in people who didnt believei n god or crossdressers. She seemed to be very religious and somehow had the idea that gays were an approved part of BSA. It was a very odd conversation, but she had it with me, not with the kids. Just smile and nod to strange people with strange ideas and pray that they leave soon as not to cause some weird scene in front of the store/kids.
One thing we REALLY pushed with the adults supervising the sale was for them to mention the 70% goes back to local scouting line. When a person seemed to waver over the prices that line usually brought them over to buy something or donate. We got a lot of donations, and if you look at a 2-3$ donation, that is like selling 1 $10 can of popcorn in terms of money back to the pack.
(This message has been edited by jc2008)