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VIEWS: 1 PAGES: 6 CATEGORY: Technology POSTED ON: 8/17/2013
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE)
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) e-ISSN: 2278-0661, p- ISSN: 2278-8727Volume 12, Issue 3 (Jul. - Aug. 2013), PP 90-95 www.iosrjournals.org Multicast Dual Arti-Q System in Vehicular Adhoc Networks S.Sujatha1, P.Sukanya2 1 (Associate Professor, Computer Science, Dr.G.R.D College of Science, India) 2 (Research Scholar, Computer Science, Dr.G.R.D College of Science, India) Abstract: The rising requirements of the wireless communication increase the researches in the wireless communication area. Wireless communication is used in Ad hoc network. MANET is one of the self organizing, self healing network in the Ad hoc network. VANET is a subset of the MANET which offers console and protection to the users of VANET. VANET is a collected works of vehicular mobile nodes which figures the vehicular Ad hoc networks. In VANET there are many confronting wanted to solve, in order to provide efficient and stable services. Existing paper represents the Artigence techniques which will solve the challenges in the VANET and improve the efficiency. Artigence uses Arti-Q algorithm, which is one type of efficient queuing technique. The Arti-Q and VANET are using in the call taxi management systems in order to provide efficient call taxi management service to the customers. Keywords– Wireless Communication, Artigence techniques, Call taxi. Submitted date 15 June 2013 Accepted Date: 20 June 2013 I. INTRODUCTION A VANET or Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network is a formation of Vehicular Mobile ad-hoc network, to offer communications between nearby vehicles. In VANET, there is a regular requirement of the information about the current location, routes, specifically for data on the surrounding traffic, etc. This information can be combined together in a number of groups. This includes many dissimilar belongings mostly based on sensor data from other vehicles. Examples of VANET application are brake caution sent from preceding vehicle, track and collision caution, details about road condition and maintenance, detailed area weather prediction, forewarning of traffic jams, care to an accident behind the next turning, detail about an accident for the rescue team and many other things. Other examples are local updating of the vehicle navigation systems information or a subordinate that assists to chase a friend"s vehicle. Another group is infotainment for passengers. For example, interactive games between vehicles close to each other. The kids will be in love with it. Next group is local information as next free parking space perhaps with a vehicle reservation system, detail about fuel prices and services offered through the subsequent service station or just tourist information about places of interest. A possible other group is vehicle maintenance. For example online help from a vehicle mechanic when your vehicle breaks down or just simply information about service. No further inter-vehicle communication system for data replacement between vehicles and among roadside and vehicles has been put into operation. II. VEHICULAR AD HOC NETWORK (VANET). Fig 1.Vehicular Ad hoc NETwork (VANET). Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks are expected to implement a variety of wireless technologies such as a type of WiFi called Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC). Other candidate wireless technologies are www.iosrjournals.org 90 | Page Multicast Dual Arti-q System In Vehicular AdHoc Networks Satellite, WiMAX and Cellular. VANET (Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks) can be viewed as component of the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Vehicular Networks are a vision of the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Vehicles communicate with each other via Inter-Vehicle Communication (IVC) as well as with roadside base stations via Roadside-to-Vehicle Communication (RVC). The optimal goal is that vehicular networks will contribute to safer and more efficient roads in the future by providing timely information to drivers and concerned authorities. VANETs are characterized by their unique characteristics that distinguish them from MANET. These special characteristics can be summarized as follows: Higher mobility of nodes: VANET nodes are characterized by their high relative speed which makes VANET environment high dynamic. Predictable and restricted mobility patterns: Unlike the random mobility of MANET, VANET node movements are governed by restricted rules (traffic flow theory rules), which make them predictable at least on the short run. Rapid topology change: VANET nodes are characterized by their high speed. This leads to frequent network topology changes, which introduces high communication overhead for exchanging new topology information. No power constraints: Each vehicle is equipped with a battery that is used as an infinite power supply for all communications and computation tasks. Localization: Vehicles can use the Global Positioning System (GPS) to identify their locations with high accuracy. Abundant network nodes: Unlike MANETs that are characterized by a small network sizes, VANET networks can be very large due to high density of the vehicles. Hard delay constraints: Safety messages are the main goal of VANETs. Therefore, safety messages should be given high priority and must be delivered on time. III. TRAFFIC MANAGEMENTS This type of applications is used to facilitate traffic flow, thus reducing traffic congestion, fuel consumption, and travel time. This type of applications is not as much of harsh on real-time constraints. This means that if the messages are delayed, there is no real threat to life i.e., no collision to occur. If the messages are delayed as contrasting to the safety messages where a real threat to the life may occur. The information provided by these applications mainly describes the status of the traffic in a certain areas like intersection or road constructions. In this kind of applications, vehicles cooperate to generate messages. Using inter-vehicle communications these messages are collected and sent, in a multi-hop manner to other vehicles in other geographic areas. IV. SURVEY OF ROUTING PROTOCOLS This section provides a survey of routing protocols in vehicular ad hoc networks. The routing protocols are divided into two major categories, Topology-based routing Position-based routing. The following section discusses the advantages and disadvantages of these routing protocols, discovers the inspiration following their trace the evolution and design of these routing protocols. Topology-based Routing Protocols These routing protocols use links" information that exists in the network to perform packet forwarding. They can further be categorized into Proactive (table-driven) routing Reactive (on-demand) routing. Proactive (table-driven): Proactive routing carries the distinct feature: the routing information such as the next forwarding hop is maintained regardless of communication requests in the background. Broadcast control packets constantly and flooded among nodes to maintain the paths or the link states between any pair of nodes even though some of paths are not at all used. A Routing table is then constructed within a node such that each entry in the routing table indicates the next hop node toward a certain destination node. The merits of the proactive routing protocols are that there is no route discovery since route to the destination is maintained in the background and is always obtainable ahead lookup. Even though it"s good property of providing low latency for real-time applications, the preservation of unused paths engages an important part of the obtainable bandwidth, particularly in highly mobile VANETs. www.iosrjournals.org 91 | Page Multicast Dual Arti-q System In Vehicular AdHoc Networks Example of Proactive protocol Fisheye State Routing which is an efficient link state routing that maintains a topology map at each node and propagates link state updates with only immediate neighbors not the entire network. Furthermore, the link state information is broadcast in different frequencies for different entries depending on their hop distance to the current node. Entries that are further away are broadcast with lower frequency than ones that are closer. The reduction in broadcast overhead is traded for the imprecision in routing. However, the imprecision gets corrected as packets approach progressively closer to the destination. Reactive (On Demand): Reactive routing opens a route only when it is necessary for a node to communicate with one more nodes. It maintains only the routes that are at present in use, thus dropping the burden on the network. The reactive routings naturally have a route discovery phase where query packets are flooded into the network in search of a efficient path. The phase completes when a shortest path i.e., route is found. D 2 8 S 5 1 7 4 3 6 Figure 2. Propagation of the RREQ Example of Reactive Protocol is AODV – In Ad Hoc on Demand Distance Vector (AODV) (Perkins, 1999) routing, upon receipt of a broadcast query (RREQ), nodes record the address of the node sending the query in their routing table (Figure 3a). This procedure of recording its previous hop is called backward learning. Upon arriving at the destination, a reply packet (RREP) is then sent through the complete path obtained from backward learning to the source (Figure 3b). At each step of the path, the node would record its previous hop, thus establishing the forward path from the source. The overflowing of query and throwing of reply creates a full duplex path. D 2 8 S 5 1 7 4 3 6 Figure 3. Path of the RREP to the source. After the path has been established, it is maintained as long as the source uses it. A link failure will be reported recursively to the source and will in turn trigger another query-response procedure to find a new route. V. ARTI-Q IN EXISTING ARTIGENCE This is an existing system they used Artigence technique which is used for efficient call taxi management system. Artigence means that artificial intelligence, i.e., the capacity of a computer to perform operations analogous to learning and decision making by humans, as by an expert system. As per the name, can know that the Artigence system can perform tasks without the manpower. In the existing system Artigence is the technique which uses the algorithm called Arti-Q. Existing Arti-Q consists of two types of controlling component, they are, Arti-Q main Arti-Q proxy The functionalities of the above two control units are described in the working strategy of the Arti-Q algorithm. The Existing algorithm uses the Queue data structure, which follows the strategy first in first out. The parallel www.iosrjournals.org 92 | Page Multicast Dual Arti-q System In Vehicular AdHoc Networks processing will be carried out in the existing system at the time of finding the response for the respective request. In the existing system the Arti-Q algorithm works as follows, The data are established for the process from external proxy to internal proxy. At the first time, the Arti-Q main server will receive the requests. Request receiving in Arti-Q main will be discontinued after 0.5 second timer. The timer can be varying based on the nature of the application and requirement of the user. By the time of developing in the Arti-Q main server, the requests are received by the Arti-Q proxy. The demands i.e., requests are stocked up in the Queue data structure, in Arti-Q main and also in Arti-Q proxy. In Arti-Q main, the first request is processed and the response is found. Then Arti-Q main will analysis that the same request of the first process is repeated by other processes in the queue. As a result, the identical response will be sent to another process whose requests are same like the processed request. And then provided requests are removed from the queue. The Arti - Q proxy will load the demands i.e., requests in the Arti-Q main for subsequent iteration. VI. Artigence In Vanet Existing Artigence can be combined with VANET with the call taxi management systems, to manage the vehicle reservation more well-organized. For that externally one mobile is connected to the system. This mobile device is used for GSM communication and to increase the baud rate of the system. The existing Artigence system consists of the information about the vehicle and drivers. By using GPRS the system will recognize the vehicle"s environmental location. As well the information will store in the vehicle information. The customer who needs vehicle will send a message which should be in the syntax of ""taxi" space "area name"" to the toll free number. At the same time many number of users can send the requests to search out the vehicle. The Artigence is running to handle multiple requests in the server. The system finds the vehicle which is near to the user"s location. The driver name, vehicle number and driver"s mobile number will send to the user"s mobile number. The vehicle reservation near the city will consists of some constraints that, The driver who was free at that time The driver who has low workload. Advantages of the Artigence The existing Artigence system which is used in the VANET for efficient call taxi management system consists of following advantages. Decreases waiting time of the requests in the queue. In the existing strategy, if any file or information needs to be transfer means we need web connection. But while using the Arti-Q we can transfer the information by using GSM communication. In the existing systems, the information can be hacked by the unauthorized users. But in the Arti-Q system, because of GSM communication the information is secured while transferring it. Current networking techniques are having many disadvantages. The main disadvantage is time consuming in the sense the response time of a particular request will be reduced in the Arti-Q system. But the response time of Arti -Q can be reduced by using Dual Arti-Q system. Process distribution allows you to load cubes into separate sub processes that run parallel to the main process of the system. As a result of using process distribution, administrative observer can maximize the memory amount available for the cubes to be loaded. VII. Parallel And Distributed Computing Distributed systems are groups of computers or networks, which contains the similar goal for their work. The similar system may be characterized both as "parallel" and "distributed"; the processors in a characteristic distributed system run simultaneously in parallel. Parallel computing may be seen as a particular tightly coupled form of distributed computing, and distributed computing may be seen as a loosely coupled form of parallel computing. Nevertheless, it is possible to roughly classify concurrent systems as "parallel" or "distributed" using the following criteria: In parallel computing, all processors may have access to a shared memory to exchange information between processors. In distributed computing, each processor has its own private memory. Data are exchanged by passing messages between the processors. www.iosrjournals.org 93 | Page Multicast Dual Arti-q System In Vehicular AdHoc Networks Figure 4. Parallel and distributed computing. (a) – (b) A distributed system & (c) Parallel system. The figure on the right illustrates the difference between distributed and parallel systems. Figure (a) is a schematic view of a typical distributed system; typically, the system is characterized as a network topology in which each node is a computer and each line connecting the nodes is a communication link. Figure (b) shows the same distributed system in more detail: each computer has its own local memory , and data can be exchanged only by passing messages from one node to another by using the available communication links. Figure (c) shows a parallel system in which each processor has a direct access to a shared memory. VIII. DUAL (distributed) ARTI-Q SYSTEM In dual Arti-Q system is based on the existing Artigence system. In existing Artigence system the functionality is classified into two categories. The functionalities are divided and each functionalities are performed in a distributed manner. So the functionalities are, Scheduling Message Transmission Scheduling Scheduling is the process of deciding how to commit resources between a variety of possible tasks. Time can be specified (scheduling a flight to leave at 8:00) or floating as part of a sequence of events. Based on the definition of scheduling this phase is dealing with the following task alone. Receiving a request from the user or the customer in the syntax of "taxi" space "area name" to the toll free number. The system arranges the request in the FIFO queueing format. It finds the same requests if any. Based on that it rearranges the queuing structure. It finally finds the response i.e., the call taxi which was free at the time of response. And those details are stored in the scheduling Arti-Q server or scheduling Arti –Q system. Message Transmission Message transmission is the process of sending the response (call taxi contact number) based on the request ("taxi" space "area name") to the corresponding user or customer. So it consists of following functionalities, It refers scheduled and processed requests from the server. It checks the mobile number of the user who sent the requests It finally sends the driver name and contact number of the taxi to the customer. IX. Conclusion The concept of VANET and the characteristics of VANET is discussed in the first section. Routing and its types are explained in the second section. Routing is the process of finding the shortest path for message transmission. Section 3 and 4 are dealing with the existing concept of Artigence and how Artigence can be used www.iosrjournals.org 94 | Page Multicast Dual Arti-q System In Vehicular AdHoc Networks to improve the efficiency of the calltaxi management system and it having the disadvantage related to the time. By using Dual Arti-Q system how the disadvantage of Artigence based call taxi management is avoided. So that the efficiency of Dual Arti-Q system is 40 % improved when compared with existing Artigence based VANET in the application of Call taxi management system. REFERENCES [1] Cheng, P.-C., Weng, J.-T., Tung, L.-C., Lee, K. C., Gerla M., and Härri J. "GeoDTN+NAV: A Hybrid Geographic and DTN Routing with Navigation Assistance in Urban Vehicular Networks," (2008), Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Vehicular Computing Systems (ISVCS'08), Dublin, Irland, July 2008. [2] Davis, J., Fagg, A. and Levine, B. "Wearable computers as packet transport mechanisms in highly-partitioned ad-hoc networks. in International Symposium on Wearable Computing,", 2001. [3] Flury, R. and Wattenhofer, R. (2006), "MLS: an efficient location service for mobile ad hoc networks." In MobiHoc "06: Proceedings of the 7th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing, pages 226–237, New York, NY, USA, 2006. [4] Forderer, D (2005). "Street-Topology Based Routing." Master"s thesis, University of Mannheim, May 2005. [6] Franz W., Eberhardt R., and Luckenbach T., "FleetNet - Internet on the Road," Proc. 8th World Congress on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Sydney, Australia, Oct. 2001. [7] Giordano S., et al., "Position based routing algorithms for ad hoc networks: A taxonomy," in Ad Hoc Wireless Networking, X. Cheng, X. Huang and D.Z. Du (eds.), Kluwer, December 2003. [8] Jaap, S., Bechler, M., Wolf, L. (2005), "Evaluation of Routing Protocols for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks in City Traffic Scenarios," Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) Telecommunications, June, 2005. [9] Jerbi, M., Senouci, S.-M., Meraihi, R., and Ghamri-Doudane, Y. (2007), "An improved vehicular ad hoc routing protocol for city environments," Communications, 2007. ICC "07. IEEE International Conference, pp. 3972–3979, 24-28 June 2007. [10] Jetcheva, J.G., Hu, Y.-C., PalChaudhuri, S., Saha, A.K., Johnson, D.B. (2003), "Design and evaluation of a metropolitan area multitier wireless ad hoc network architecture," Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, 2003. Proceedings. Fifth IEEE Workshop on , vol., no., pp. 32-43, 9-10 Oct. 2003. Author's Profile S. Sujatha completed her undergraduate degree at Sri Sarada College for Women, Tirunelveli and has also completed post graduate level courses MCA and M.Phil at Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India, and is currently pursuing her doctorate in Computer Science. Her area of interest is Mobile Agent Technology & Networks. She has been participating continuously in research and development activities for the past ten years. To her credit, she has presented and published technical papers in International Journals, at International Conferences and International Workshops organized by various international bodies like IEEE, WSEAS, and IEEE Explore. She has published book on Integrating SOA and Web Services and also contributed chapters on Personal Area Network and published articles & working manuals in agent technology. The author is currently employed as Associate Professor at the Dr. G.R Damodaran College of Science, Coimbatore, India. She is an active member of various technical bodies like ECMA, Internet Society of Kolkata and Chennai and acts as a moderator in various international conferences and journals. P.Sukanya completed her undergraduate degree at Don Bosco College, Panaji Goa and has also completed post graduate level courses MCA at Karunya University, Coimbatore, and is currently pursuing her Mphil in Computer Science at Dr. G.R Damodaran College of Science, Coimbatore, India. Her area of interest is Advance Networks. She has presented technical papers at National Conferences. www.iosrjournals.org 95 | Page


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Leonard Cohen's Prophecy of the Phil Spector/Lana Clarkson Incident: 'Death of a Ladies' Man'
Note: for best results, listen to the above song while you read this.
As we prepared for this April's "Leonard Cohen Week," which commences this evening at the Nokia Theater, continues there tomorrow night, and concludes with next Friday's twilight performance at Coachella, one of Leonard Cohen's most notorious and fascinating albums, Death of a Ladies' Man, has been on our mind.
Much has been written about Cohen and his classic songs over the years, but little of it has been dedicated to the stormy and failed 1977 collaboration the singer, songwriter and poet had with producer/murder defendant convicted murderer Phil Spector. The push/pull between the two strongheaded auteurs has become the stuff of Hollywood legend. Cohen and Spector's method of teamwork reportedly involved an armed and volatile Spector locking lyricist Cohen out of the studio while the producer crafted the music.
Cohen looking sharp with the cigarette extendo-filter |
The result, Death of a Ladies' Man, is a wonderfully uneven eight-song album which, in hindsight, could be seen as a portent re: the death of Lana Clarkson. Song titles include: "True Love Leaves No Traces," "Don't Go Home With Your Hard-On" and "Fingerprints," all key themes in the Spector murder trial. In fact, had the producer paid closer attention to Cohen's refrain for "Don't Go Home With Your Hard-On," Spector may have avoided a whole heap of trouble. Sings Cohen (with Bob Dylan and Allen Ginsberg on backing vocals): "Don't go home with your hard-on/It will only drive you insane/You can't shake it (or break it) with your Motown/You can't melt it down in the rain."
The more we dug, the more evidence revealed itself that maybe this Cohen guy was on to something, like maybe he had some sort of premonition of Phil Spector's travails. Herewith, lyrical tidbits that, compiled below, are somewhat revealing. If it's true, as William Burroughs submitted, that "if you cut into the present, the future leaks out," then Leonard Cohen's lyrics on Death of a Ladies' Man can be seen as an impressive bit of fortune telling.
Trouble (left) and Tragedy |
Track listing, Leonard Cohen's Death of a Ladies' Man:
1. "True Love Leaves No Traces" - 4:26
2. "Iodine" - 5:03
3. "Paper Thin Hotel" - 5:42
4. "Memories" - 5:59
5. "I Left a Woman Waiting" - 3:28
6. "Don't Go Home with Your Hard-On" - 5:36
7. "Fingerprints" - 2:58
8. "Death of a Ladies Man" - 9:19
Item one. Spector meets Clarkson at the House of Blues in West Hollywood, where she is a waitress:
I walked up to the tallest and the blondest girl
I said, Look, you don't know me now but very soon you will
So won't you let me see
I said "won't you let me see"
I said "won't you let me see
Your naked body?"
from "Memories"
He invites her over to his place after she gets off work. She agrees:
She took his much admired oriental frame of mind
and the heart-of-darkness alibi his money hides behind
She took his blonde madonna and his monastery wine --
"This mental space is occupied and everything is mine."
from "Memories"
They arrive at Spector's Alhambra mansion. They get to know each other. He, a producer past his creative prime; she, an actress who had to work House of Blues to pay the rent:
She said, I see your eyes are dead
What happened to you, lover?
What happened to you, my lover?
What happened to you, lover?
What happened to you?
And since she spoke the truth to me
I tried to answer truthfully
Whatever happened to my eyes
Happened to your beauty
from "I Left a Woman Waiting"
Spector, a legendary lady's man, and strong with manly desire, admires the blond Clarkson; she, however, is not so sure. This is understandably frustrating to the producer:
Ah but don't go home with your hard-on
It will only drive you insane
You can't shake it (or break it) with your Motown
You can't melt it down in the rain
from "Don't Go Home with Your Hard On"
Enter a gun. Who knows how it got there? An alleged struggle.
Your beauty on my bruise like iodine
I asked you if a man could be forgiven
And though I failed at love, was this a crime?
You said, Don't worry, don't worry, darling
You said, Don't worry, don't you worry, darling
There are many ways a man can serve his time
from "Iodine"
Serve time? What are you talking about serving time? A gunshot. Who pulled the trigger? Where is the evidence? Why aren't Spector's prints on the gun?
I called my fingerprints all night
But they don't seem to care
The last time that I saw them
They were leafing through your hair
Fingerprints, fingerprints
Where are you now my fingerprints?
from "Fingerprints"
Someone call an ambulance. There's been an incident at the Spector mansion. Too late. It's over.
And many nights endure
Without a moon or star
So we will endure
When one is gone and far
from "True Love Leaves No Traces."
True love may not leave traces, but sometimes history does.
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ACC Videos
Aaron Donald is gone — he's already a starter in the St. Louis Rams defense — but Pitt players and coaches can't stop talking about him.
"I mean, why wouldn't you, right?" defensive tackles coach Inoke Breckterfield said.
Donald's All-American season of 2013 created more than sacks, victories and good memories. His work ethic is a model for his former teammates.
"You want guys to learn from that," Breckterfield said. "(What) it took for him to go from good to great."
"You can't get tired of it," said junior defensive tackle Darryl Render, who occupies Donald's former place on the line. "I remember what AD taught me."
But after the cleanup from the awards shows and Donald's draft night party has been completed and everyone has gone home, Pitt is left with a formidable task:
Finding a way to replicate the considerable pressure Donald placed on the opponent. It was a big reason for Pitt's first winning season in four years.
"For us to be productive there, we are going to need numbers," coach Paul Chryst said.
That's why some of the most important moments of training camp are tucked away in the corner of the practice fields where Breckterfield gathers his players around him.
He hopes to rotate as many as five players through the two defensive tackle positions, led by Render, the only returning player who logged significant playing time there.
Render (6-foot-2, 275 pounds) has four tackles for a loss, including a half-sack, in two seasons. The biggest play of his career was the recovery of a fumble forced by Donald in the Georgia Tech game. Breckterfield said Render has shown improvement since last season.
"He's striking a little better," he said of Render's first punch at the snap. "He still has to clean up some stuff. I think he is playing at a high level."
Next to Render at nose tackle is junior and Woodland Hills graduate K.K. Mosley-Smith (6-0, 310) who is back on the field after a year-long suspension for violating a team rule.
"Coach Chryst pushing me made me a better person and a better player, wiser, stronger," he said.
The backups will come from a group that Breckterfield said faces "a big learning curve." It includes massive Allderdice graduate Tyrique Jarrett (6-foot-3, 335 pounds), a sophomore who is the only returning tackle other than Render who played last season.
Four scholarship freshmen — redshirts Justin Moody and Jeremiah Taleni and first-year players Connor Dintino and Mike Herndon — will compete with senior LaQuentin Smith and Jarrett for playing time.
Breckterfield expects Jarrett to play "a lot" this season.
"From last year to this year, the light's turned on," he said. "He learned how to strain his body, got rid of a couple of habits. He still has a lot of room to go, but to this point in camp he is really figuring it out."
Jerry DiPaola is a staff writer for Trib Total Media. Reach him at firstname.lastname@example.com or via Twitter @JDiPaola_Trib.
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Mark Landon, the eldest son of Little House on the Prairie star Michael Landon, was found dead at his home on Monday. He was 60.
The cause of death has not been determined, but the Los Angeles Police Department does not suspect foul play, according to the Associated Press.
Mark Landon acted in three movies, including the 1991 TV movie Us, which was written and directed by his father. Michael Landon adopted Mark in 1956 after marrying his mother, Dodie Levy-Fraser.
The elder Landon passed away at the age of 54 from cancer, before Us aired.
Mark Landon's other credits include a role in 1986's Double Edge and 1997's Goodbye America.
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Austin Women First Same-Sex Couple to Legally Marry in Texas
An Austin couple, Sarah Goodfriend and Suzanne Bryant, became the first same-sex couple to be married legally in Texas.
An Austin couple, Sarah Goodfriend and Suzanne Bryant, became the first same-sex couple to be married legally in Texas.
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Attorneys for two same-sex couples are asking a federal appeals court to allow gay marriages to begin in Texas immediately.
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Earlier this week, a 17-year-old YouTube blogger posted an emotional video in which he recounted how he was forced to leave his high school because […]
Sen. Don Huffines, a Dallas Republican, has filed a bill that would prohibit cities from enforcing LGBT-inclusive nondiscrimination ordinances.
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Four Republican lawmakers from the Plano area plan to introduce legislation that would bar cities and counties from adopting ordinances prohibiting discrimination against LGBT people.
State Rep. Jason Villalba (R-Dallas) remains adamant that a proposed constitutional amendment he filed earlier this month isn't intended to undermine local ordinances prohibiting anti-LGBT discrimination.
It isn't hard to understand why the rest of the country has gotten the impression that Texas is an absolute living gay hell.


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Backpackers' Hostel
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"Mountain View"12 - 28 February Vietnam celebrates Tet holiday, including the Lunar New Year on 19th February. During this time transport services are subject to change, increased prices and even cancellation. We will do our best to ensure there is as little disruption as possible to our scheduled trips.
Tag it with #vietnambackpackers or #vietnambackpackerhostels in Instagram or Facebook.Full List
Because a Backpackers' Hostel should be MORE THAN JUST A BED! It should be a place where you feel safe, comfortable, relaxed and meet great people both that work there and fellow travellers. After all it's the people you meet a long the way that make the places special. The Hostels
Headed to Vietnam in the next couple of weeks? Then you are coming at a great time but be prepared. This year the 31st of January is the start of the Vietnamese Luna New Year celebration – called TET. Continue reading


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got a 94 cobra, lowered about 2 inches and considering getting a diff cover that will preload the diff bearings - looking at LPW (preferred), as well as FRPP and Drake. my main concern is clearance - looking at the spacing between stock cover and the area that the spare sits in, I'm not sure if there is enough clearance. Anyone with a lowered 94 and has an aftermarket diff cover to comment on any clearance issues?
I have a MAC cover and it has hit and left a T shaped dent near the front drivers side of my spare tire well. I noticed it when going over big bumps. The MAC piece is very beefy. I have a Trick Flow (or Summit brand) cover on my '02 which is lowered also and it hasn't hit but it's not lowered as much as my '95. I think they make "low profile" covers now for the '05+ models that should clear.
There is a company that sells extra clearance girdles on ebay. I can't remember the name of them though. LMR, or something like that. Kurt


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King Crimson
reborn yet again -- the newly configured band makes its debut with a violin (courtesy of
David Cross
) sharing center stage with
Robert Fripp
's guitars and his Mellotron, which is pushed into the background. The music is the most experimental of
's career up to this time -- though some of it actually dated (in embryonic form) back to the tail end of the
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Ian Wallace
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lineup. And
John Wetton
was the group's strongest singer/bassist since
Greg Lake
's departure three years earlier. What's more, this lineup quickly established itself as a powerful performing unit working in a more purely experimental, less jazz-oriented vein than its immediate predecessor. "Outer Limits music" was how one reviewer referred to it, mixing
' demonic fiddling with shrieking electronics,
Bill Bruford
's astounding dexterity at the drum kit,
Jamie Muir
's melodic and usually understated percussion,
's thundering (yet melodic) bass, and
's guitar, which generated sounds ranging from traditional classical and soft pop-jazz licks to hair-curling electric flourishes. [The remastered edition, which appeared in the summer of 2000 in Europe and slightly later in America, features beautifully remastered sound -- among other advantages, it moves the finger cymbals opening the first section of the title track into sharp focus, with minimal hiss or noise to obscure them, exposes the multiple percussion instruments used on the opening of "Easy Money," and gives far more clarity to "The Talking Drum." This version is superior to any prior CD release of
Larks' Tongues in Aspic
, and contains a booklet reprinting period press clippings, session information, and production background on the album.]
Bruce Eder, Rovi
Track Listing
Larks' Tongues in Aspic, Pt. 1
Book of Saturday
Easy Money
The Talking Drum
Larks' Tongues in Aspic, Pt. 2
Similar Albums
Gentle Giant
The Moody Blues
Every Good Boy Deserves Favour
Soft Machine
Close to the Edge
For Girls Who Grow Plump in the Night
Jethro Tull
Thick as a Brick [Bonus Tracks]


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Is the kings gambit a good opening?
How the King Gambit Opening is played
1. e4 e5 2. f4 ..... Otherwise konwn as the king's gambit is a very good opening if you want an agressive game.
I have recently been playing the Bishop's Gambit.
The King's Gambit has been played for centuries. It is a lot of fun, and has many styles that follow...try it a few times, then read about a few ways to open the pieces, and then try it again. I think you might like it!
I dont realy like it because it brakes your king side castle
i'm not sure
If you love to attack and have a talent for it, the King's Gambit is a very good opening. If you're the kind of player that panics when you're a pawn down, then the King's Gambit isn't a very good choice.
yea I guess you are right
I've found that the KG is absolutely fantastic against Live Chess opponents, I play it all the time on 10|0 time control and I've had some serious knock-down-drag-out wins with it. I've also lost hilariously a few times, but it's definitely a good choice in Live if you play carefully. I stick to the King's Knight Gambit (1. e4 e5 2. f4 exf4 3. Nf3) to prevent 3...Qh4+ which is harder to handle.
That actually isn't true. Instead, it turns 0-0 into an attacking move since the f-file tends to open early and White tries to pressure f7. I know it may look like a dangerous idea to castle into that sort of position, but it's usually quite strong since it tends to immediately add an attacker to f7, the weak point.
Qh4+ is not anything to fear...after Kf1, you can simply play Nf3, and now you don't have to worry about the ...d5 lines (except for the Falkbeer, 2...d5, which isn't scary).
fa sho
I play it all the time & do pretty good with it, of course I don't play strong strong players, so i dont know how it would do against them.
At lower levels as White it's a simple f7 hack & at higher levels it is employed because it often gives White a better pawn structure and a favourable endgame.
It all depends how materialistic you are when deciding if you'll use it in your repertoire. If you break into a cold sweat at going down a pawn by move 3 then clearly it isn't for you.
Like most gambit openings, it seems to play better OTB at lower/intermediate levels than in CC because online Black can simply play a number of very solid defences via a decent book and/or online database.
I have a pristine copy of Gallagher's Winning with the King's Gambit sitting in front of me & that is well worth tracking down.
It's the last decent book on the KNG and was published in 1994.
thanks for your help
Objectively, 2.f4 isn't the strongest move. However, it offers excellent practical chances, and can be used extremely effectively if your opponent doesn't know what (s)he is doing. You must also have the right temperment to play the KG - for isntance, you wouldn't see Korchnoi playing the white side (he'd love to be black), and you wouldn't think of it as a very Karpovian opening either - though I saw a correspondance game yesterday where he rocked the Muzio.
the kings gambit is awesome if you're looking for an attack, i've played it myself very sucessfully (my fav game is on my forums)
bump cuz i'm pretty proud of this game. might be one of my better games here on chess.com
That was nice. I don't know the theory but 8...Bh3 looks really dangerous there. That's why I like 6...d5 better because 6...gh looks a little greedy.
After the better 10...Bh3 you also had a cool move in 11.Nxh3+ Bxf1 12.Qxf1+ Nf6 13.e5 Nd7 with the same sort of thing.
19...Kd7 looks scary but maybe worth a look with that nasty 20...Ng4 threat.
yeah he didn't play it correctly, that's why i was able to make it work. it's pretty blassy on some level cuz if your opponent knows the counters you're kinda screwed.
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New to Typophile? Accounts are free, and easy to set up.
Can I open native Fontographer files (4.1) in FontLab 4.6?
I have not been able to make this work but it may just be my ignorance. What I did was generate the font in FOG and then open the generated PostScript font in FontLab.
This is what I always do too. Generate both a pfb and an afm if you have any kerning (& why wouldn't you?). I use the ADVANCED setting in generating fonts with Fontographer, because it lets one specify a custom encoding and & also set the font type to "decorative".
I've done this for several years -- I use Fontographer because it is what I know best, then run the font through FontLab to remove all the bugs Fontographer seems to periodically throw in. Pretty soon now I'll have to abandon the training wheels & use FontLab from the get-go.
Dan, last September there was extensive discussion about this on the T-D list, with Yuri and Adam from FontLab commenting extensively. The short answer is no, other than methods such as those mentioned above. The FOG format is proprietary and Macromedia is apparently not willing to make it public. If you want to investigate further, here is the archive of the discussion in question:
The topic was "designing versus technifying in FLAB". It gets pretty pointless at times, but there's some interesting information in there, too.
Thanks. That is what I was afraid of
If it's any consolation, it usually takes less time (often considerably less time) to recreate something than it did to create it in the first place, assuming it's still fresh in your mind.
Yeah, I know. It isn't SO tragic, more of an annoyance. And, it has pretty much sealed my decion to switch over to FL altogether (soon


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Most businesses have three things they can offer: price, product and service. It's rare that one business consistently offers all three. After more...Read More ->
Had a problem with an instructional DVD, that wouldn't play. No reply from the manufacturer on a replacement DVD. Jeff Mash from MJM Magic, on a...Read More ->


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