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A Fire-Safe Workplace
This section is based off the pamphlet "Fire Safety on the Job" �1996 by the National Fire Protection Association. Contact the Fire Marshal for more information.
Arson is the largest single cause of fires in general office buildings.
Follow your building's security measures and keep unauthorized people out of the building. Keep doors locked after business hours. Alleys and other areas around your building should be well lit. Keep clutter out of halls, lobbies, alleys, and other public areas.
Keep waste paper, empty boxes, dirty rags, cleaning supplies, and other combustible out of exits, storage areas, and stairways.
- Replace any cracked, frayed, or damaged electrical cords.
Never run extension cords across doorways or where they can be stepped on or pinched or run over by chairs or other furniture. Do not plug extension cords into each other and avoid plugging more than one extension cord into an outlet.
Equipment and Appliances
Leave space for air to circulate around heaters and other heat-producing equipment, such as copy machine, coffeemakers, and computers. Keep appliances away from anything that might catch fire. Do not stack books or papers on top of computer monitors.
Designate an employee to turn off or unplug all appliances – including coffeemakers and hot plates – at the end of each workday.
Cigarettes, matches, and lighters are a major cause of all fires. Many companies have banned smoking on the job as a health concern and to decrease the possibility of fires.
If your company allows smoking in the workplace, smoke only where permitted. Do not flick ashes onto floors or into wastebaskets. Use large, non-tip ashtrays, and make sure everything in them is cold before you empty them.
Apply the same cautions to visitors and be alert to smoldering cigarette butts on furniture or in wastebaskets.
Plan Ahead
In the event of a fire, a safe and speedy response depends on how well employees and employers are prepared for emergencies.
Employees should…
Count the doors or desks between their work areas and the nearest exit. During a fire, employees may have to find their way out in the dark.
Learn the location of alternative exits from all work areas.
Know the location of the nearest fire alarm and learn how to use it.
Post the fire department's emergency phone number on or near all telephones.
Be sure that someone in authority knows about any disability that could delay an escape, and makes plans for a safe evacuation.
Employers should…
Post building evacuation plans and discuss them during new-employee orientations.
Conduct regular fire drills.
Include disabled employees in the fire emergency planning process.


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Travel Feature Issue New Zealand's Caves of Plenty Some of the sea caves in the Bay of Plenty are truly spectacular. Australia's Great Barrier Reef We experienced so many up close and personal encounters that we were spoilt for choice. Tonga Two giant humpback whales glided past, their swimming effortless. Cook Islands Big-eye barracuda cruised around us for five minutes then closed ranks and moved away. Arctic Circle Kostian was a real ice kingdom in the gardens of Neptune. Norfolk Island Over 30 world class diving sites and the island lifestyle is relaxed and carefree. Malaysia Just a 20 minute speed boat ride from the capital of Sabah are two luxury resorts. New Caledonia Fabulous diving and a very different cultural experience. Vanuatu Historic wrecks, surrealistic volcanoes and timeless culture - there's a lifetime of adventures both above and below the water. The Pacific's World War II Wreck Dives : Papua New Guinea's Black Jack B17, Indonesia's USAT Liberty Glo, Marshall Island's HIJMS Nagato Niue One of the few places you can see the spinner dolphin antics first hand. New Zealand's Tonga Island Tucked away in the Abel Tasman National Park at the top of the South Island, it's a gem of a dive site. Indonesia'a Bunaken Island Wall diving, Mandarin fish and soaking up village life. It doesn't get any better! Asia's Philippines The Calbiga's cave system is a cave explorer's paradise. Western Australia Swimming with crocodiles. What you'll pay on your next dive trip Check out the latest costs and be aware of 'hidden' fees. Travel Tips You're looking forward to your escape but be prepared for the unexpected. Africa Standing at life's crossroads Bombs on the Back Deck Do you own one of these scuba cylinders?
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Live updates
- ITV Report
Cheshire Phoenix sign world's tallest basketball player
- David Chisnall
NBA basketball stars come to Manchester
Warrington Wolves' charity basketball game
Warrington Wolves players will be taking part in a charity basketball game on Saturday in aid of After Adoption.
The game begins at 10:30 at Birchwood Tennis & Leisure Complex in Warrington.
The players will include: Mick Higham, Paul Wood, Rhys Williams, Gareth O'Brien, Ben Currie, Brad Dwyer, James Laithwaite, Jordan Burke, Ryan Shaw, Danny Bridge, James Mendeika, James Saltonstall, Gavin Bennion and Gene Ormsby.
For more details please visit the After Adoption website.
Basketball league withdraws Cheshire Jets franchise
The British Basketball League has withdrawn the Cheshire Jets' franchise due to the team's financial problems.
New owner Hadyn Cook saved the club from folding last month, but asked the league to postpone Sunday's scheduled meeting with the Mersey Tigers as he tried to raise cash.
But the BBL rejected the request and said: "The BBL have withdrawn the Cheshire franchise from its operating company with immediate effect.
"The decision follows an urgent review of the franchise following notification from the club that they were unable to fulfil their fixture this weekend.
"The BBL is currently exploring a number of options to ensure the continuation of the franchise. It is anticipated there will be a further announcement in the coming days."
The Jets had won one and lost five of their league games this season.
Manchester Giants are back after ten year absence
After a ten year absence, the Manchester Giants are back.
The club have reformed and tonight will play their first game of the new British Basketball League season against the London Lions at Wright Robinson Sports College.
LeBron James ready for GB challenge
Team USA star LeBron James tells David Chisnall he's ready to face Team GB in a warm up game at the Manchester Arena tomorrow.


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GlargOh and the song it plays can be "Does your chain hang low."
Okay check this! I have a awesome Idea!
A Icecream Truck floating in the void of space! You have to fight inside the icecreamtruck or you''ll die from lack of oxygeon. OH! and Zombies with jetpacks are trying to get inside and eat you, The Icecream, and the brains stored frozen in the freezers.
Like from pimp my ride.


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Sponsored by: Brakes Plus
Oct 1, 2010 8:32 AM by Bea Karnes, News First 5
Boulder County wants the U.S. Supreme Court consider its dispute with a church that wants to nearly double the size of its 128,000-square-foot campus.
The Daily Camera reports that the county commissioners voted Thursday to press their legal battle with the Rocky Mountain Christian Church near Niwot.
The 10th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals ruled in July that the county violated a federal law when it denied the church's request to expand.
The church said the county violated the federal Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act. County officials say they treated the church's application the same way they would treat any application.
The county has until Oct. 15 to file a petition with the Supreme Court.
2 months ago


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Victory Laps for the Hare, as the Tortoise Crawls On
The Tragedy Continues
McCain is already in mid-August matching and sometimes besting Obama in the polls. It should not have been so.
Gas prices, the economy, Iraq, Bush Derangement Syndrome, lack of energy production, Republican scandals in Congress, out-of-control spending, the Bush dunce appointments like Scott McClellan and the Texas crowd, all this and more created a sort of perfect storm for conservatives. Meanwhile, a disenchanted electorate was mesmerized by a new Pied Piper from Chicago-town who pranced in promising deliverance, while poor, pant-suited 'ole Hil was crying out to the hypnotized, lockstep villagers in a scratchy voice, "Wait,wait! He's dangerous!"
So the Democrats went with the Pied Piper who is leading them over the precipice. They wanted a post-racial, landmark candidate, a sort of Colin Powell or Condoleezza Rice topflight national figure, but with a hard liberal edge.
Instead they got "typical white person" and "clingers" rants, the nut Rev. Wright (whose long-awaited literary masterpiece should soon be out) and the nuttier Father Pfleger, one too many preemptive-victimization "they will play the race card on me" whines from Obama, Michelle's "raise-the-bar", "downright mean" and "no pride" resentments, the Clinton-Obama 19th-century Race Wars, the lop-sided 'it's OK for some to vote 95% along racial lines, but not for others along 60%' sophistry, the peripheral lunatic "black house" rants by Ludacris (of Obama's I-pod fame) or Bob Herbert (of Leaning Tower of Pisa architectural expertise), and more still. And remember, as Obama slips in the polls, given his lack of content, expect that the current tough-guy, bash'em strategy to easily descend into race once more. Apparently Obama each morning gets up and thinks, "How can I give Sean Hannety more talking points for his evening barrage?" and "Have I done enough for Rush today?"
The Democrats wanted a cigar-chomping populist who could portray the Republicans as elitists who stomped on the Joe little-guy. Once again they got a flashier version of a John Edwards-John Kerry-Al Gore preachy liberal, who whines about the price of arugula and thinks stepping off a jet in shades and polo shirts is an Esquire photo-op. The backdrop to Obama's European rock tour, after all, was Edwards 'two-nations' scandal and Al Gore's jetting between motor-running, on-the-tarmac SUV and lake yacht.
The Democrats wanted a can-do, help-the-middle class doer (sorta like Hillarysoft 4.0 in Pennsylvania), who some day might drill more cleanly than the polluting Russians and Arabs, keep the money at home, and restore US yes-we-can pride. Instead, once again they got the worldview of the Santa Barbara estate-holder/Greenwich Village Bohemian: Drilling would spoil our ocean views or is messy and icky; my gas-guzzling Volvo SUV is not as crass as those awful Hummers; my Gulfstream V sermonizing is vital, your NASCAR and jet skies are Neanderthal. The Democrats hoped "Sí, Se Puede! meant no more fears about drilling, more nuclear plants, turbines, and everything else under the sun to produce power, not Nancy Pelosi on a failed, "I'm saving the planet" book tour as Congress vacations.
The die-hard savvy Democrats (some still exist) wanted a brawler and wade-into-crowd fiery Truman. They got instead a prissy (and masterful) Teleprompted day-time soap actor, whose impromptu brand is now a string of "ahs, ums, huh? You know's". What they failed to note was that a Truman or Eisenhower couldn't speak on the podium a hoot, but they were great in off-the-cuff repartee. And in the long run that is better than blow-dry platitudes. McCain can't lecture a lick, but in the melee and tussle, he's actually quite good. Ask Rick Warren.
If you go the Chicago route (always unwise), then at least go the Mayor Daley way, the guy who exudes the city-that-works ends justify the dead-voter means. But an Obama would choke on Daley's cigar or even a Mayor Washington's Big Mac. So what Democrats got instead was all the Chicago downside—the Tony Rezko shenanigans, the Trinity race-hatred, the loony left Ayers/Pfleger ranting, the shady house/yard deals—without the boilermaker, sweaty competence.
Democrats wanted a bison and got Obambi, whose new 'take no prisoners' rhetoric in front of the VFW sounds like the Italian army in North Africa not the Desert Rats. Just imagine had Obama written "Dreams From My Grandmother" about a working-class white woman who moved to Hawaii sacrificing her all, stressing integration, conciliation, character, and hard work (all true), rather than future career-in-mind idealization and myth-making about a polygamist, alcoholic and absentee Marxist father? Had he done the former, he would have gotten a small advance, few sales—and now bankable proof of his character, rather than money, sales—and an embarrassing revelation of his PC credentials. Harvard Law Review is as essential to wowing a tiny irrelevant Eastern elite as it is meaningless to proving to mid-America that you can easily size up a thug like Putin, see through Euro-trash nonsense, or get some energy leverage back from the mullahs and House of Saud.
The Democrats expected an in-the-tank liberal press to publish charts and graphs of how the "progressive" FDR Obama was better for the blue-collar-worker than the Tom Dewey Republican. Instead they got the last gasp of the 1960s spoiled-brat loudmouths, ranting and frothing how an Obama could at last reify their own narcissistic, guilt-ridden pretensions. The amen-stable at Newsweek, for example, would not have been hired there as copy-editors in the 1960s. If Chris Matthews thinks his tingle up the leg giddiness helps Obama, or Sen. Obama's race speech is the new Gettysburg Address, he doesn't know Bakersfield or Dayton. A Keith Olbermann rant is a veritable McCain campaign ad.
I like Barack Obama. He's a good father, husband, hard-working and refreshingly pleasant sort, enormously bright and a gifted speaker. He doesn't need the faux-Trinity Church cadences and falsetto black-preacher style to come across as sincere and well-meaning. I think he really does believe that he simply jump-started a Chicago political career using the race card on the way to becoming a liberal Illinois Senator, on the way, in turn, some day to a centrist Humphrey-like national candidacy—and that such contortions were just politics as usual and not disingenuousness or worse.
But something has gone terribly wrong with the Democratic hopes and dreams. Obama, ten points behind Hillary last autumn, ran to get experience, so that in eight years after the Clintoni's third and fourth terms, a three-term Senator, with campaign savvy, and a long, not-too-liberal voting record, in his late fifties, would have a landmark Presidency. I don't think that he imagined that anyone would ever really believe the teleprompted hope and change vacuity, and 'Pay no attention to that man behind the curtain' gears and levers. Now he is the ultimate "Being There" phantasm.
Bottom Line? Watch the Convention. Obama will, of course, still be nominated, but Hillary will play Medea, Lady Macbeth, and Joan of Arc all in one—and to the hilt.
The tortoise crawls on…
72 Comments, 72 Threads
1. vanderleun
"And I went down to the demonstration
To get my fair share of abuse
Singing, "We're gonna vent our frustration
If we don't we're gonna blow a 50-amp fuse"
Sing it to me now…You can't always get what you want…."
August 20, 2008 - 10:46 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
2. vanderleun
"whose new 'take new prisoners' "
Perhaps a typo? Perhaps not?
August 20, 2008 - 10:48 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
3. Olivia
The theory that Obama was running an "aw shucks I just want some experience" campaign is an interesting one. I just don't believe it. It's as disingenuous as the European tour being a "information-gathering" mission. The way his campaign handled South Carolina, Florida and Michigan tell me more than enough. I also fail to see how Obambi is hard working or bright. He strikes me as all kinds of lazy.
Either way your still the main reason I come to Pajamas Media. Keep posting!
August 20, 2008 - 11:26 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
4. Minerva
Wait until he picks a vice-president with even less experience…
Vlad the Invader smiles knowingly.
August 20, 2008 - 12:44 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
The "I want experience" is the same as Clinton in 1992. When he started, he had no reason to think he could win. Then lightning struck, or he started to believe that he COULD win…
I agree that Obama has probably fallen into a similar situation, and now he has to make the best of it. All the theatrics of the past 3 months are a result of outperforming his January expectations.
Couldn't happen to a nicer political party….
August 20, 2008 - 12:47 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
6. Cornhead
1. VDH and Cornhead are the only two I've seen who have referenced "Being There" in the Obama context. Great movie.
2. The contrast between McCain and Obama at Saddlebrook was the tipping point for McCain.
3. Again, I write, if Obama is going to meet with the leaders of North Korea, Iran, Russia and China then why can't he do an interview with Fox's Bill O'Reilly. Murdoch and Fox don't have any divisions.
August 20, 2008 - 1:08 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
7. Sandra M
Putin has recently demonstrated in Georgia how effective Obama's use of soft power diploimacy would be.
As to VDH's: "I like Barack Obama. He's a good father, husband, hard-working and refreshingly pleasant sort, enormously bright and a gifted speaker."
That explains Dr. Hanson's worst column ever in which he gave advice to Obambi "in the interests of being fair and balanced."
Many years ago, while working at a TV network I kept running into one of the best known and respected Black actor/comics in America. He had not a molecule of racism about him. Then, years later I saw his wife whose obvious rancor and hostility to whites equaled that of "Princess Ticked-off". Years later, I heard this comic repeat the canard on a local TV show that the government created AIDS for the purpose of killing black people.
Obama, as a young man in Hawaii, was mentored by former Chicago poet and communist, Frank Marshall Davis, Communists and fanatical Islamicists have in common that they see nothing wrong in lying to those they consider infidels or class enemies.
This "good father and husband" is also a "good" half-brother and cousin to Abongo Obama and Raila Odinga, Kenya terrorists both, who promised, in return for their financial support, to institute Sharia law for the 15% Muslims over the 85% Christians. Obama campaigned for this monster in 2006. Odinga lost and set fire to a Pentecostal church in which 50 Black Christians of a rival tribe died. Although the East-German educated Odinga lost, cousin Obama persuaded Secretary of State Condaleeza Rice to urge "power-sharing" on the pro-western Kenya government. Raila Oding is now Prime Minister.
I have enormous respect and admiration for Professor Hanson, the pre-eminent classicist/intellectual historian of our era. But when it comes to Obama I think he comes across as an innocent acadmic.
August 20, 2008 - 1:13 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
Sure, we can find problems with Obama, but when one steps back and asks how these two candidates reflect the American psychic, well, the game changes somewhat.
And let's not forget that Hillary still breathes, her head still on her shoulders, her heart has not been pierced with a wooden stake, nor garlic shoved into her…she just might end up as his VP candidate.
The candidate who will work smarter is going to win this contest. Old versus new, lawyer versus warrior, thinker versus doer, liberal versus conservative. Classic contest.
I think the women will make the choice. How they go about it is another matter. I sure do miss Fred Thompson, though. And Mitt knows how to run a business.
You're liberal if you want something, conservative if you desire to keep something.
Which way is the wind blowing?With more lawyers operating in Congress, do you really think if a bill on creating more sources of energy gets passed that the contents and language of the bill will be so airtight that the work for more energy will begin the day after it is signed?
Or do you think such a bill will be ladled with more "nuances" for lawyers to challenge in our court system every attempt at creating more energy; that none will be achieved for many years?
Lawyers to my left, lawyers to my right…marching into courts arguing every facet on the energy diamond. Learn knitting, sooner rather than later.
Off to court we go, no drilling, no reactors, no coal, no strip mining, no oil shale, and higher taxes for sure. Place your bets citizens!
August 20, 2008 - 1:32 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
9. Zhombre
Yeah, "Being There" may be an apt movie metaphor for Obama. I suspect Obama may represent a George Lakoff-inspired candidacy: an attempt to "frame" the issues and themes of the campaign in a palatably progressive fashion. However, I don't see the "frames" strong enough to hold up in the wind.
August 20, 2008 - 1:39 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
10. Ron Kean
Thank you again professor for a real snap-shot of the moment.
Has any library ever denied you access to anything?
August 20, 2008 - 1:41 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
"Being There" reference is spot-on.
[Also, to a lesser extent, brings to mind the R. Redford role in *The Candidate* with the famous last line… "What do we do now??"
Yeah, Chauncey Gardner = Barrack Hussein Obama
August 20, 2008 - 1:52 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
12. DougS
I was going to say that the problem with the Dems is that they may have wanted a post-racial candidate with a liberal edge, but they have relied so heavily on identity politics to form their base over the last 40 years that that's an impossible task. General Powell? Secretary Rice? Justice Thomas, for that matter? All Repubs.
But when Prof. Hanson mentioned Harold Washington, I thought, hmmm…. He might have been such a person. I don't recall that his white support was all that great, but he came the closest of any major Chicago city politician to being "post-racial." But goodness, it's been 20 years since he passed away, hasn't it?
August 20, 2008 - 2:10 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
13. D Harvey
Oh, if only they had a Truman, oh well we're all gonna live in a yellow submarine! Check 6.
August 20, 2008 - 2:14 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
14. Allison Aller
A splendid send up!
The fact that you are acutely tuned into popular culture works so well with your historical perspective…It's great dish with a substantial grounding in reality, so reading your posts is not only thought-provoking, but a lot of fun too.August 20, 2008 - 2:26 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
15. Self-hating boomer
if Obama is going to meet with the leaders of North Korea, Iran, Russia and China then why can't he do an interview with Fox's Bill O'Reilly.
'Cause O'Reilly's mean.
August 20, 2008 - 2:34 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
16. Roderick Reilly
1. VDH and Cornhead are the only two I've seen who have referenced "Being There" in the Obama context. Great movie. """"
For what it's worth, I referenced it repeatedly, early on. So did Wes Pruden at the Washington Times.
August 20, 2008 - 3:05 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
17. John
Vintage VDH.
I just wish there was a way to get every undecided voter to read here.
There outta be a law.
August 20, 2008 - 3:06 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
18. Believer
I'm surprised and sorry to read that VDH doesn't see through the fraud that is BHO.
I don't think we can, as Americans loving our freedoms, afford to be so naive.
And let's not forget: it was the lovely Michelle (his belle) who warned us, "This is it. Barack's only doin' this one time."
I can only hope he doesn't flip-flop on that promise.
August 20, 2008 - 3:13 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
19. Roderick Reilly
I'm still baffled by the insistence of some, including Prof. Hanson, that Obama is an eloquent speaker. he is no such thing in my view. He fakes eloquence as much as he does so many other things. Stringing buzz-word platitudes together in a rhythmic, disciplined fashion is not eloquence, it's thinly-disguised bombast. Even his book titles reflect that content-empty word-play technique. I mean, just what exactly does "The Audacity of Hope" convey or even mean? Anybody? That book title right there was my first clue the man was an overrated gasbag with un-earned intellectual pretensions.
August 20, 2008 - 3:15 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
20. msnthrop
May I direct readers of comments to todays NYT's article about Obama's understanding of economics.
Just because the Democrats are really shitty salesman doesn't mean this country can't elect a thoughtful and intellectual President who attempts to understand issues from multiple levels and angles. Or maybe this country really does deserve to continue to be led be idiots who for example were the 894th graduate of a class of 899 from the Naval Academy.
August 20, 2008 - 3:21 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
21. Johnnie
Have to disagree that Obamessiah was just using the black power rap in order to get started in Chicago. If that were true he would have migrated to one of those less racist and whiter Unitarian Churches to give himself "Christianity" cover. He may have started at Reverend Wright's church, but he stayed there 20 years. The only question is whether he actually attended, which no one seems to either be able to or want to answer. The Obamessiah can't now say he only attended intermittantly as that would make him an opportunist and the Rev. Wright can't say that either without loosing face as his spiritual mentor. Nor can either say he was there all the time, as that would expose the Obamessiah as knowingly listened to the hatred on a weekly basis.
Too many conservatives are always hoping that the liberal they are opposing now isn't as radical as we thought. Remember Truman defended Alger Hiss to his death bed and stopped the Amerasia prosecutions cold and conservatives now claim his as their own. Commie symp liberals are all alike and as dangerous as some of us fear. Foolish to be so hopeful of their moderation.
August 20, 2008 - 3:23 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
22. Mac
"Mayor Daley" vice "Mayor Daily"
Please fix as this is a good article….
August 20, 2008 - 3:27 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
23. jp
Great post. PJM is the best. And I'm still chuckling about "Dreams from My Grandmother".
This past weekend, after the Saddleback debate, CBN's David Brody asked Obama about his voting, as an IL Senator, against the Born Alive Infants Protection Act. Obama vehemently denied that he had voted against the bill; 'they' were lying about his voting record. For some reason, he doesn't seem to realize that in this electronic age almost everything is on the web, and that an article "Obama's Infanticide Problem" had a videotape of his denial, along with a copy of the state senate's archived document showing that he had indeed voted against the bill. The MSM won't say a word about this, but at least some people will be aware of it, and will tell others.
The Dem convention may be a humdinger, with a cast of thousands. Michele is scheduled to lead off on Monday night. Wonder if she will be able to resist making one of her 'they' remarks.
Tuesday is Hillary's night. This may be the night of the roll-call vote. With Hil and PUMA both there, BO has to be biting his nails. I can't help but wonder if he made a mistake letting her have her roll-call vote, or if it was to placate her because he did not intend to pick her as VP.
And then Bill has his night on Wednesday. Will he out shine the announcement of the VP, or does BO plan to have Bill announce that his choice is Hillary? BO may feel that he has to choose HRC to have someone who is a strong campaigner, and he also needs the votes of her group, but the thought of having both Clintons back at the White House must be a little unnerving. Tune in next week for the next installment.
When this thing is all over, it just may be the greatest drama ever to appear on the stage…. and they will have to turn it into a movie.
August 20, 2008 - 3:48 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
24. Whitehall
Obama will be easy to beat; Clinton not so much. I've been hoping that we conservatives would have held our fire until AFTER the convention but that was not to be. Remember that the SuperDelegates are the ones to make the calls and they are professionals. Some say they don't really want to win the presidency but that argument seems contraintuitive.
August 20, 2008 - 4:10 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
25. acepepe
Yeah your're right. To bad there's no affirmative action for white guys.Atleast Mccain did it on merit.August 20, 2008 - 4:12 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
26. Hope Muntz
Obama's serious intent from the start was underscored by his caucus organizing, which was heavily invested in well in advance and was the real difference in the nominating process. Romney attempted to do the same thing, but the Republicans had the wisdom to weight their caucuses less heavily.
Obama *can* select Hillary as his VP–but he might as well not bother actually campaigning if he does.
August 20, 2008 - 4:31 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
27. Javelin
I am losing my respect for Mr. Hanson the more he indulges into cheap partisan rants like this. He seems to be approaching Michael Savage level subjectivity with his pointless rants. I guess he is just another collegiate partisan loudmouth, like so many others
August 20, 2008 - 4:33 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
Javelin…"cheap partisan rants?"
Ok, so the Professor rants…really? Seems to me you are the one ranting about what you deem "partisan" presentations. Ok, you're pissed, but can't you at least offer up some counter thoughts besides your character shots?
Your handle is Javelin, so why not tell us where you land with your ideas on these candidates and this process of election?
Otherwise, you seem to behave somewhat like our Russian brethren of late. Enlighten us on the subject matter beyond your thoughts of the Professor (whose writing efforts have brought us all here to share…kinda like doing his job!)
August 20, 2008 - 5:27 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
29. chrisarabia
If ignorance were bliss, you be at the Obamessiah's right hand.
August 20, 2008 - 5:48 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
30. George Best
Obama is a classic example of why conservative white guys like myself and my black friends all preach the importance to our children of marrying within their own race. We are not racists, but we want our kids to have identities.
Obama has no identity. He was not born with the money or a special talent that makes society give him an identity. Obama cant decide if hes white or black and he ends up alienating both races because he cant be true to himself because of the insecuirty that comes with that kind of background. Its not his fault but he does not have the true family support to help him get an idenity. Marrying the angry racist black woman does not solve the problem.
So what does he do? He follows those who he thinks can help him overcome this lack of identity. The end result is when put in front of a true audience, he is exposed. That hurts him and he simply cannot be a person whose genuineness could actually get him enough votes in a serious election.
People disagree on many issues, but a genuine candidate from either side can win. Say what you want about George W. Bush, but his genuineness makes him who he is and that resonates with a lot of americans. Im sure it helps to have his background, but he has everything Obama lacks when it comes to knowing who you are.
No matter what your background, trying to be a leader with no identity is like trying to swim in sand. Obama can change tactics, get all the advice in the world, but the people who want to support him who arent radical will abandon him becuase no matter how much you want to vote for him, he cannot offer the hope he preaches because he is hopeless himself.
Elections are more about the people who are running then their position on the issues. That is why Bill Clinton and George Bush are successful no matter how bad their policies may be perceived.
Obama simply does not get it and this whole Presidential adventure has just reminded him of his lack of identity. He might win, but he knows what he is and that will make him even worse for our country then someone with identity with the same opinions. He writes books and speaks with nothing but emptiness and insincerity.
I hope he folds in the election because I know he will fold at some point after hes elected and that could lead to long term tragedy in our country.
August 20, 2008 - 6:36 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
31. Mike from OH
Javelin:…cheap partisan rants like this. … I'm a little slow. Please explain in detail which 'rants' are 'partisan'.
August 20, 2008 - 6:44 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
32. Ron Kean
Bad room to be bad-mouthing our dear professor. VDH has given Senator Obama good advice repeatedly. VDH complemented your candidate today. Like Senator Obama, it appears that you think any criticism at all is mean, bad, or lies. I doubt you know more about the senator than anybody else. Too much is hidden.msmthrop…
Many question the credibility the New York Times. I would hesitate using it as an authority. Our country may deserve more than John McCain. But he's a lot better than Senator Obama.August 20, 2008 - 6:55 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
33. J. Trexler
Appears as though Obamba's 15 minutes are up. I wonder how long he'll stay in the US Senate post 2008 POTUS elections. He'll probably end up getting appointed to the Supreme Court or something equivalent. If he did make it to the SCOTUS, I wonder how many Democrats would question his lack of any experience as a Judge, as they've questioned Clarence Thomas lo these many years.
August 20, 2008 - 7:21 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
Had to read this one twice. Initially thought it was a primal scream thing, or a gut-wrenching cry of exasperation from an old fashioned centrist Democrat watching the curtain go down on his Party for the last time. Not even winning may forestall the inevitable for the Democrats. Some of the rank and file now seem as deluded as the leftist fringe. If Obama loses, blaming it on racism may assuage the soul but it won't correct the underlying defective thinking. If he wins, the demands of the job and world events will almost surely expose his weaknesses, and thereby the stupidity of the Democratic Party leadership in abandoning Clinton. Meanwhile, the Republicans will take stock of their mistakes and rebuild, not constrained by crazy ideas like "What's Wrong With Kansas". And next year, if we have our first post-racial president fixating on the wrong problems, don't expect accusations of racism to shield him from the irate criticism of those who voted for him. By the new calculation, if you vote for him you are not a racist. So maybe then the Party will listen, but that's becoming harder to believe.
Great article. Someone needs to save the Dems from themselves. We all benefit from having to make a real choice. Unfortunately, this year's a no-brainer.
August 20, 2008 - 9:26 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
35. Pops in Vienna
As Rush Limbaugh has noted, Obama has all the votes he is ever going to get. But, I doubt if he is going to lose any over the next 90 days either. As Doc Hanson has pointed out, his followers are under the spell of his pipes. No new revelations will change their minds.
McCain, on the other hand can lose votes, a lot of votes, if he decides to keep poking conservatives in the eye.
If Obama gets elected, what moves can we expect from the Russians and Iranians? Isn't it best for them to wait until Obambi is president?
On another note..Vanity Fair has located Obama's half brother, who lives in Kenya. He's living on 12 dollars a month. Shouldn't some of this redistribution of wealth start at home?
August 20, 2008 - 11:38 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
36. V.B.Bart
"I think he really does believe that he simply jump-started a Chicago political career using the race card on the way to becoming a liberal Illinois Senator, on the way, in turn, some day to a centrist Humphrey-like national candidacy—and that such contortions were just politics as usual and not disingenuousness or worse."
Your post admirably and succinctly sums up a number of the reasons for Obama's flagging campaign and lackluster poll numbers. I'm still chuckling over the, "prissy Teleprompted day-time soap actor", and the "Democrats wanted a bison and got Obambi", etc. The soul of wit is truth.
I find, however, that I totally disagree with the above quoted sentence from your post. Although I feel your conclusion is a function of your good and kindly heart, I think you do your record of usually clear-eyed analysis, and your readers a disservice by coming to this erroneous judgement.
To conclude from the evidence that Sen. Obama is anything but a doctrinaire Marxist is to ignore the glaring facts of the situation. For anyone who is even vaguely interested in looking below the surface of this enigma-as-candidate before making a voting decision in this year's presidential election, as a great place to start, I highly recommend the continuing series of Editorial articles, about Sen. Obama, published this summer by Investor's Business Daily, The Audacity of Socialism. Before selecting our next President, we owe ourselves and our country a thorough consideration of these facts.
August 21, 2008 - 12:01 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
37. DougS
"Our country may deserve more than John McCain."
Well… personally, I've always felt that a man who spent 5+ years in the Hanoi Hilton in the service of our country without breaking deserves honor and respect from his countrymen, rather than his country deserving anything more from him.
You may not think that John McCain would make an idea President, but I will say that in many ways, he's proven himself a better man than I am.
August 21, 2008 - 2:00 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
38. wally keeler
Ouch, excellent dissection, and it was even done with compassion. I'd never thought of the premature nature of his presidential candidacy but it explains a lot.
August 21, 2008 - 4:22 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
39. Judy, NYC
let's say for example, americans didn't want an oily, unctuous, pandering, race baiting, white hating, america despising, narcissistic in the clinical sense, know nothing.
oh. we are saying it. new racist polls just out.
August 21, 2008 - 5:23 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
40. Ron Kean
DougS…and better than me. I've given him money and I'm voting for him. I just wish he'd reconsider ANWR and immigration.
August 21, 2008 - 5:28 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
41. P M Zaretzki
Prof. Hanson refers to Obamo as "enormously bright." What is the evidence for this? It is universally acknowledged that he actually did write his first book and most commentary about it is favorable as to its stylistic merits although Hanson suggests that a different book would have served him better. There is a favorable comment from a current federal judge as to his performance while president of HLR. Otherwise, he left no record as to his service on HLR, we don't know how he performed as an associate lawyer, he didn't serve a clerkship to the federal bench as would be expected of a high ranking graduate of HLS, his record as a community activist is a proven failure in both of his activities including the one connected with William Ayers, there is no tangible residue of his service at U of Chicago, he accomplished absolutely nothing as an legislator in Illinois nor in his current job as a US senator, and his current extemporaneous utterances are typically inarticulate, ignorant and very often easily proven lies.
About 48 years ago the media presented us with another stunning philosopher-king of outstanding intellect, character and health as a presidential candidate. Reality turned out to be quite different indeed. Is it possible that Obama is merely the creature of affirmative action and media goodwill much as Kennedy was merely the creature of his father's hugh wealth, cleverness and ambition? Until we have some demonstrable evidence that Obama is enormously bright why not avoid leaps of faith as to his mental abilities.
August 21, 2008 - 7:41 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
42. Michael
"I hope he folds in the election because I know he will fold at some point after hes elected and that could lead to long term tragedy in our country."
If elected I strongly suspect that Mr. Obama will be the second President to resign from office. Probably within the first year.
That would be a real shame on so many levels.
August 21, 2008 - 7:42 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
43. Ken Besig
Dear Dr. Hansen,
Barack Obama and his wife got ahead because of Affirmative Action educational programs and because of race based government financial programs, not because they studied harder or worked harder than their White counterparts. You can see this in the paucity of substance to their often silly political statements and in their total amnesia regarding both American and World history. The Obama's learned Black victimology and White oppression their Rev. Wright's and Fleger's, and from their Che Guevara type social professors, just how evil and murderous a country America is.
As I asked someone else in this column, if Barack Obama was a heart surgeon, and if you knew that both the places he studied and worked as a student were bastions of Affirmative Action, would you hire Obama to operate on you?
I wouldn't!August 21, 2008 - 9:19 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
44. Chuck Pelto
TO: Victor Davis Hanson, et al.
RE: Just Those?"…Hillary will play Medea, Lady Macbeth, and Joan of Arc all in one at the convention." — Victor Davis Hanson
I wouldn't leave out Livia, from I, Claudius.
[Poison is Queen. -- Motto on chest of 'goodies' used by Livia in I, Claudius]P.S. The poison doesn't have to be added to the human body. It's interesting what some sugar or water in a tank of aviation fuel can accomplish to a aircraft in flight.
August 21, 2008 - 9:35 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
45. Paul M Hupf
Medea, Lady Macbeth and Joan of Arc, indeed….Lady Macbeth (knowing that her husband, Macbeth, yearns for the crown worn by Duncan, the king) addresses Macbeth in a soliloquy: "Hie thee hither that I may pour my spirits in thine ear; and chastise with the valor of my tongue all that impedes thee from the golden [crown]." (Macbeth: Act I, Scene V).
August 21, 2008 - 10:17 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
46. jdwill
Scintillating. But bison?
Democrats wanted a bison and got ObambiWhy not a 'thumper (of the right or whatever)' or a Hartford stag?
August 21, 2008 - 10:48 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
Just to be clear, no one here is referring to assassination. Right? Politics is a Byzantine affair, but I doubt the Clintons could derail Obama's nomination at this point. Regardless of what happens next week, the denouement for this tragedy should be for the American electorate to reject Obama on Nov 4. That would be cathartic for all: catharsis for the Hillary crowd, vindication for McCain supporters, and a colon purge for the liberal Left who co-opted the Democratic Party this year.
August 21, 2008 - 1:09 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
49. Chuck Pelto
RE: Where….….did you study English Lit?
What does Lady MacBeth do?
Let alone Medea.
August 21, 2008 - 1:48 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
50. BBloom
This election is unique. For the first time in our history the one certainty is turmoil. If Obama wins we will fall into step with a "globalization" that will allow the U.S. to repent for all our evil capitalism, and become the third world enclave that we colonial slave masters deserve to be. We will give up on our "war on terror" and allow it's "victims" free range on U.S. soil by leaving Iraq, Afganistan, etc.
However, if McCain wins he will have to quell the social unrest and riots that will be the de riguer answer to what will be perceived as a victory for racism.
America loses, Islam = Terrorist winAugust 21, 2008 - 3:49 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
51. Chuck Pelto
TO: All
RE: For TLM and Other….…totally ignorant of our vast Shakespearean tapestry…
…Lady MacBeth gets some guys to go out and assassinate various people who stand in her way to the local pinnacle of power. This includes killing the 'king' and murdering toddlers as 'young fry of treachery'; by dashing their brains out.
Not your ideal Mother-in-Law, if you ask me. Let alone a national leader.
August 21, 2008 - 4:26 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
52. JA Lineberry
VDH says something, anything, nice about Obama and his readers cry foul. It's really crazy how partisan things have become these days. That's all we need – more gridlock.
August 21, 2008 - 8:17 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
53. Chuck Pelto
TO: JA Lineberry
RE: Gridlock….….can be VERY good, in certain circumstance. It promotes compromise on important issues.
[All of us who are concerned for peace and the triumph of reason and justice must be keenly aware how small an influence reason and honest good will exert upon events in the political field. -- Albert Einstein]August 21, 2008 - 11:56 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
54. Doris T.
Love your article!!!
Just wanted to say that Barack & Michelle did not renew their attorney's licenses. Neither of them can practice law.
Wish you the Best…..
August 21, 2008 - 11:58 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
N.B. Chuck Pelto:
"There's also the case for 'lead poisoning', as applied by Sirhan-Sirhan to Robert Kennedy…"
Speaking metaphorically about "our vast Shakespearean tapestry" can easily be misconstrued, especially when taken out of context.
Hillary would only be a bit player in any Shakespearean work. Obama has potential, though, for true tragi-comedic greatness.
August 22, 2008 - 2:52 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
56. Chuck Pelto
RE: Bit Parts?"Hillary would only be a bit player in any Shakespearean work." — TLM
Yeah. Being First Lady always WAS a 'bit part'. And being a Senator too.
August 22, 2008 - 10:25 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
57. Nick B
"Greenwich Village bohemians…"
Oh, man. Try living here and being even the least bit conservative. Obama really is their messiah.
To be fair, few bohemians, can afford to live in the village – they've moved on to Brooklyn.
Why not say, "Williamsburg bohemians", Dr. Hanson? It sounds less like Monty Burns…
August 22, 2008 - 10:28 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
58. David
This campaign is rich with dramatis personae, but I see the tragic pathos/bathos of BO more as the manipulated over-reaching of Othello. Michelle somehow lacks the innocence of Desdemona– though the scene of Obamatello in the bedroom squeezing the last gasp from his misunderstood wife is compelling. The Far Left might work as the malignant, agrieved, and serpent-tongued Iago. McCain as the Force of Reason which restores balance at the end.
Now, back to waiting breathlessly for the Obama VP pick.
August 22, 2008 - 10:40 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
59. Ron Kean
'we colonial slave masters deserve to be'…you're being sarcastic right?
'quell the social unrest'…these things flare up e.g. Watts & Chicago, but lets give a little more credit to our police.
August 22, 2008 - 2:33 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
60. Doug
good one victor! you really gave it ti 'em! Man o man i hope the americans are stupid enough to elect the moronic party to the presidency again. And we'll have you to thank for it! keep making fun of anything obama does. it's what the world needs, and it will solve all the problems of the usa.
August 22, 2008 - 2:42 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
61. AdrianS
Philip J. Berg, Esq. Files Federal Lawsuit Requesting Obama Be Removed as a Candidate as he does not meet the Qualifications for President.
August 22, 2008 - 3:52 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
62. Nathan Draper
R. Reilly asks about the "audacity of hope." The explications are (a) on the surface, it's audacious to hope for a better world, because cynics do not believe in any such outcome; and (b) Obama sees himself as a tall, dark version of Napoleon. Napoleon's motto was "l'audace, toujours l'audace!" (Audacity always!) That attitude won Napoleon many a battle, as it has served Vladimir well this month, but it proved Napoleon's undoing in the end.
Similarly, Obama seeks power under the banner of human rights. However, as that power goes to his head (if not before) he will increasingly take rights away from the hapless citizenry, while he bankrupts the very people who adulated him (along with the rest of us).
August 22, 2008 - 5:42 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
63. BBloom
Yes, Ron I am being sarcastic.
Not to take credit from our law enforcement agencies, but I think that we will face a significant rise in social unrest. I think past riots will pale with what the future may bring. Look at the situation France has with the "youths" burning cars. Regardless, without someone who can bravely stand up to the terrorists there will be tough times ahead. Please visit Phyllis Chesler's blog on Danish free speech.August 22, 2008 - 7:01 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
Chuck Pelto's references to "'lead poisoning', as applied by Sirhan-Sirhan" are completely unacceptable. I'm surprised VDH and Pajamas Media would allow this low level of commentary.
There is nothing funny or clever in making references to murder or political assassination. This person's bizarre comments should be removed.
August 23, 2008 - 3:15 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
Now that we are in control we will change the racist name White House to House!!!
August 23, 2008 - 5:59 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
66. RuleTopia
This always happens with Democratic presidential candidates. No matter how drab the republican (the the Republican party should get a gold medal for uninspired candidates) the Democrats self-destruct. If not for Watergate and Ross Perot, we may not have had a Democrat in the Whitehouse since 1968.
The more the voters get to know both candidates, the more McCain will win in a landslide. And unlike Bush, he'll actually fight for what he believes in, from lower taxes and spending to conservative justices. Somehow, despite our horrid educational system and the pornification of our culture, America is pretty good at this democracy thing.
August 23, 2008 - 6:21 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
67. flownover
So how do you really feel ?
Very funny cascade of laughs about the vero possumus team.
August 23, 2008 - 7:18 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
68. Proud Democrat
Were you drunk when you wrote this?
August 23, 2008 - 9:31 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
69. Eleanor
Biden?! Excitable Andrew acts like this is the same old change he wanted all along.
August 23, 2008 - 10:05 am Link to this Comment | Reply -
70. Ron Kean
Dear Proud Democrat, I used to be just like you. I used to think Republicans were cold, heartless, and rich. Then I switched when I realized Republicans were just smarter.
This is the greatest blog.
It's funny they're making fun of McCain's shoes and the fact that he doesn't know how many houses his wife owns. Dinner tables?
He spent 5 years in prison with Americans from all walks of life. And the Democrats are trying to paint him as somebody who doesn't understand the average guy.
The more Democrats link McCain to Bush, the more somebody should link Obama to J. Wright and Michelle the Mean Machine.
McCain's coming to St. Louis in a week and I'm thrilled.
August 23, 2008 - 7:42 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
71. Minerva
Figures Doc, the one I want to read most about Biden, will be the last on PJM to weigh in. Should be good. But now I understand when the Washington source said on Tuesday: "Think 7-11." McCain has been more like the hedgehog than the hare. He knows something we don't and seems very calm. Maybe storming the beaches of Normandy or being a POW for half a decade gives one that character. So now the Washington source says: "Think cable car." I didn't get it until I shopped in Union Square today. Henry Hyde is dead and congressman haven't been chosen since Goldwater-Miller. So that leaves…would negate the whole Obama thing and trump Biden on foreign policy…
August 23, 2008 - 8:23 pm Link to this Comment | Reply -
72. Bob
Its getting awful late.
Don't you feel great?
November 7, 2008 - 2:05 pm Link to this Comment | Reply
Comments are closed.


text:
Topic Overview
What is anesthesia?
Anesthesia controls pain during surgery or other medical procedures. It includes using medicines, and sometimes close monitoring, to keep you comfortable. It can also help control breathing, blood pressure, blood flow, and heart rate and rhythm, when needed.
An anesthesiologist or a nurse anesthetist takes charge of your comfort and safety during surgery. This topic focuses on anesthesia care that you get from these specialists.
Anesthesia may be used to:
- Relax you.
- Block pain.
- Make you sleepy or forgetful.
- Make you unconscious for your surgery.
Other medicines also may be used to relax your muscles during surgery.
What are the types of anesthesia?
- Local anesthesia numbs a small part of the body. You get a shot of medicine (anesthetic) directly into the surgical area to block pain. Sometimes the doctor will apply a numbing medicine to part of your body, such as your nose or mouth. Local anesthesia is used only for minor procedures. You may stay awake during the procedure, or you may get medicine to help you relax or sleep.
Regional anesthesia
blocks pain to a larger part of your body. Anesthetic is
injected around major nerves or the spinal cord. You may get medicine to help
you relax or sleep. Major types of regional anesthesia include:
- Peripheral nerve blocks. A nerve block is a shot of anesthetic near a specific nerve or group of nerves. It blocks pain in the part of the body supplied by the nerve. Nerve blocks are most often used for procedures on the hands, arms, feet, legs, or face.
- Epidural and spinal anesthesia. This is a shot of anesthetic near the spinal cord and the nerves that connect to it. It blocks pain from an entire region of the body, such as the belly, hips, or legs.
- General anesthesia affects the brain as well as the entire body. You may get it through a vein (intravenously, or IV), or you may breathe it in. With general anesthesia, you are completely unaware and do not feel pain during the surgery. General anesthesia often causes you to forget the surgery and the time right after it.
What determines the type of anesthesia used?
The type of anesthesia used depends on several things:
- Your past and current health. The doctor or nurse will consider other surgeries you have had and the health problems you have, such as heart disease, lung disease, or diabetes. You also will be asked whether you or any family members have had an allergic reaction to any anesthetics or other medicines.
- The reason for your surgery and the type of surgery.
- The results of tests, such as blood tests or an electrocardiogram (EKG, ECG).
Your doctor or nurse may prefer one type of anesthesia over another for your surgery. In some cases, your doctor or nurse may let you choose which type to have. Sometimes, such as in an emergency, you do not get to choose.
What are the potential risks and complications of anesthesia?
Major side effects and other problems of anesthesia are not common, especially in people who are in good health overall. But all anesthesia has some risk. Your specific risks depend on the type of anesthesia you get, your health, and how you respond to the medicines used.
Some health problems increase your chances of problems from anesthesia. Your doctor or nurse will tell you which of your health problems could affect your care.
Your doctor or nurse will closely watch your vital signs, such as your blood pressure and heart rate, during anesthesia and surgery so that you can avoid most side effects and problems.
How should you prepare for anesthesia?
Make sure you get a list of instructions to help you prepare for your surgery. Your surgeon will also let you know what will happen when you get to the clinic or hospital, during surgery, and afterward.
Your doctor will tell you when to stop eating and drinking before your surgery. When you stop depends on your health problem and the type of anesthesia that will be used. If you take any medicines regularly, ask your doctor or nurse if you should take your medicines on the day before or the day of your surgery.
You have to give your consent to be given anesthesia. Your doctor or nurse will discuss the best type of anesthesia for you and review risks, benefits, and other choices.
Many people are nervous before they have anesthesia and surgery. Mental relaxation methods as well as medicines can help you relax.
What happens when you are recovering from anesthesia?
Right after surgery you will be taken to the recovery room. Nurses will care for you there under the direction of an anesthesiologist. A nurse will check your vital signs and any bandages and ask about how much pain you have. If you are in pain, don't be afraid to say so.
Some effects of anesthesia may last for many hours after surgery. If you had local or regional anesthesia, you may have some numbness or reduced feeling in part of your body. Your muscle control and coordination may also be affected.
Other common side effects of anesthesia are closely watched and managed to reduce your discomfort. These side effects include:
- Nausea and vomiting. In most cases, this can be treated and does not last long.
- A mild drop in body temperature. You may feel cold and may shiver when you first wake up.
For minor surgeries, you may go home the same day. For more complicated surgeries, you may have to move to a hospital room to continue your recovery. If you stay in the hospital, your doctor or nurse will visit you to check on your recovery from anesthesia and answer any questions you have.
Frequently Asked Questions
Planning for anesthesia: |
Risks and possible problems: |
Preparing for anesthesia: |
What happens during anesthesia: |
Recovering from anesthesia: |
Preparing for Anesthesia
Being well-prepared for anesthesia may help you remain calm and relaxed. If you take the time to learn about your procedure and the anesthesia, you will be better able to understand the information and instructions you are given. Knowing what to expect can help decrease tension and anxiety.
Usually, your surgeon's office, clinic, or hospital will contact you in advance to give you information about what to do the evening before and the day of the procedure. Your surgeon will also provide information about what will happen when you arrive at the clinic or hospital, during the procedure, and afterward.
Food and drink restrictions
As part of getting ready for your procedure, you are not allowed to eat or drink anything for a certain time period before anesthesia. The following times are averages. In some cases, such as in those people with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), the restrictions must be started earlier for safety.
- Do not eat for 6 hours before anesthesia.
- You may drink clear liquids only (water, filtered apple juice, black coffee or tea, and clear carbonated beverages such as Seven-Up) up to 2 hours before your surgery. You should having nothing else to eat or drink for at least 6 hours before anesthesia.
Food and fluids are restricted to reduce the risk of aspiration by reducing the contents of your stomach. Aspiration occurs when an object or liquid is inhaled into the respiratory tract when a person regurgitates contents into the throat. Aspiration during anesthesia is very uncommon, but it can cause severe complications.
Medicine restrictions
If you take any medicines on a regular basis, such as diabetes medicines or heart medicines, ask your surgeon whether you should take your medicines on the day before or the day of your procedure. Some medicines may interact with the anesthetics and other medicines used for anesthesia.
Informed consent
Before any nonemergency surgery or procedure, most surgery centers and hospitals have a surgery consent for you to sign. This is called an informed consent, because your surgeon will explain why your surgery is needed, what it will involve, its risks and expected outcome, and how long it will take you to recover. After discussing this information, you may be asked to sign the informed consent. It needs to be signed before you receive any medicines that could affect your state of mind.
Your anesthesia specialist will discuss the anesthesia care for your surgery so that you will understand what is involved. You can then give your informed consent. You will be able to ask questions and express any concerns.
If the person to have anesthesia is a child or is mentally incompetent to sign a consent form, the consent may be signed by a responsible family member or guardian.
Mental relaxation techniques
Many people experience anxiety before medical procedures, especially surgery. Mental relaxation techniques can help reduce anxiety. If you will be awake during the procedure, you also can use these techniques to relax while it is being done. They can also be used to help reduce pain and anxiety after your procedure.
Some mental relaxation techniques that may be useful include:
- Optimistic self-recitation, in which you focus on and recite thoughts that are optimistic and positive.
- Guided imagery (visualization), a method of using your imagination to help you relax and release tension by concentrating on a pleasant experience or restful scene.
- Meditation, to help focus your attention on feeling calm and relaxed. You may want to focus on a single image, a sound, or your own breathing.
- Distraction techniques, such as listening to music through headphones.
Medicine given before anesthesia
You may be given a medicine before anesthesia. Medicines may be given by mouth or by injection immediately before anesthesia. Or sometimes the doctor will apply medicine to part of your body, such as your nose or mouth.
Medicine is given before anesthesia for many reasons, including:
- Relieve anxiety. The medicines most commonly given to relieve anxiety are benzodiazepines such as diazepam, lorazepam, and midazolam.
- Relieve or prevent pain. Medicines to relieve pain (analgesics) may be given to people who are in pain before the procedure begins as well as to reduce pain during the procedure.
- Reduce secretions. Certain medicines (anticholinergic agents) may be used to reduce secretions in the mouth and respiratory tract.
- Reduce the volume and acidity of fluids in the stomach to help reduce the risk of aspiration. Aspiration occurs when an object or liquid is inhaled into the respiratory tract. In some cases, medicines are given to reduce or neutralize stomach acidity in order to lower the risk of injury if stomach juices are regurgitated into the throat or inhaled into the airway.
- Reduce nausea and vomiting. People who are at risk for nausea and vomiting either during the procedure or during recovery may receive medicines called antiemetics.
- Control body functions. Medicines may be given that help control the body's automatic responses to the pain and stress of surgery. Other medicines may be given to help maintain heartbeat or blood pressure at a stable and regular level.
Other preparation
For many procedures, medicines are given through a vein (intravenously, IV). An IV is usually inserted into a vein in the hand or lower arm. When the IV is in place, medicines or fluids can be given quickly into your bloodstream. Children and some adults may find insertion of the IV painful and stressful. In these cases, the IV may be inserted after they have been sedated or after an inhaled anesthetic has been given through a mask.
Some of the instruments used to watch your breathing, blood pressure, and heart function may be placed on your body while you are being prepared for your surgery.
Helping children prepare for anesthesia
Children do better when receiving anesthesia if they know what to expect. You can help relieve your child's anxiety or fears by being calm and explaining what will happen at the clinic or hospital. Explain to your child that he or she will be in unfamiliar surroundings but that many doctors and nurses will be there to help.
It is best to be honest and explain that there may be some discomfort or pain after the procedure. But reassure your child that you will be close by. Bringing familiar items such as books or toys may help comfort and distract your child.
Types of Anesthesia
Anesthesia involves the use of medicines to block pain sensations (analgesia) during surgery and other medical procedures. Anesthesia also reduces many of your body's normal stress reactions to surgery.
The type of anesthesia used for your surgery depends on:
- Your medical history, including other surgeries you have had and any conditions you have (such as diabetes). You will also be asked whether you have had any allergic reactions to any anesthetics or medicines or whether any family members have had reactions to anesthetics.
- The results of your physical exam. A physical exam will be done to evaluate your current health and identify any potential risks or complications that may affect your anesthesia care.
- Tests such as blood tests or an electrocardiogram (EKG, ECG), if needed.
- The type of surgery that you are having.
- You need to be able to lie still and remain calm during surgery done with local or regional anesthesia.
- Young children usually cannot stay still during surgery and need general anesthesia.
- Adults who are extremely anxious, in pain, or have muscle disorders also may have difficulty remaining relaxed and cooperative.
- Some surgical procedures require specific positions that may be uncomfortable for long periods if you are awake.
- Some procedures require the use of medicines that cause muscle relaxation and affect your ability to breathe on your own. In such cases, your breathing can best be supported if general anesthesia is used.
Based on your medical condition, your anesthesia specialist may prefer one type of anesthesia over another for your surgery. When the risks and benefits of different anesthesia options are equal, your anesthesia specialist may let you choose the type of anesthesia.
Anesthesia methods
There are several ways that anesthesia can be given.
- Local anesthesia involves injection of a local anesthetic (numbing agent) directly into the surgical area to block pain sensations. It is used only for minor procedures on a limited part of the body. You may remain awake, though you will likely receive medicine to help you relax or sleep during the surgery.
Regional anesthesia
involves injection of a local anesthetic (numbing agent) around major nerves or
the spinal cord to block pain from a larger but still limited part of the body.
You will likely receive medicine to help you relax or sleep during surgery.
Major types of regional anesthesia include:
- Peripheral nerve blocks. A local anesthetic is injected near a specific nerve or group of nerves to block pain from the area of the body supplied by the nerve. Nerve blocks are most commonly used for procedures on the hands, arms, feet, legs, or face.
- Epidural and spinal anesthesia. A local anesthetic is injected near the spinal cord and nerves that connect to the spinal cord to block pain from an entire region of the body, such as the belly, hips, or legs.
- General anesthesia is given into a vein (intravenously) or is inhaled. It affects the brain as well as the entire body. You are completely unaware and do not feel pain during the surgery. Also, general anesthesia often causes forgetfulness (amnesia) right after surgery (postoperative period).
For some minor procedures, a qualified health professional who is not an anesthesia specialist may give some limited types of anesthesia, such as procedural sedation. Procedural sedation combines the use of local anesthesia with small doses of sedative or analgesic agents (painkillers) to relax you.
Medicines used for anesthesia
A wide variety of medicines are used to provide anesthesia. Their effects can be complex. And they can interact with other medicines to cause different effects than when they are used alone. Anyone receiving anesthesia—even procedural sedation—must be monitored continuously to protect and maintain vital body functions. The complex task of managing the delivery of anesthesia medicines as well as monitoring your vital functions is done by anesthesia specialists.
Medicines used for anesthesia help you relax, help relieve pain, induce sleepiness or forgetfulness, or make you unconscious. Anesthesia medicines include:
- Local anesthetics, such as bupivacaine or lidocaine, that are injected directly into the body area involved in the surgery.
- Intravenous (IV) anesthetics, such as fentanyl, propofol, or sodium thiopental, that are given through a vein.
- Inhalation anesthetics, such as isoflurane and nitrous oxide, that you breathe through a mask.
Other medicines that are often used during anesthesia include:
- Muscle relaxants, which block transmission of nerve impulses to the muscles. They are used during anesthesia to temporarily relax muscle tone as needed.
- Reversal agents, which are given to counteract or reverse the effects of other medicines such as muscle relaxants or sedatives given during anesthesia. Reversal agents may be used to reduce the time it takes to recover from anesthesia.
What Happens During Anesthesia
You likely will be given anesthesia by an anesthesia specialist. Final preparations before your surgery may include:
- Attaching instruments to check your breathing, oxygen level, heart rate, blood pressure, and other body functions.
- Positioning your body for surgery. You will be placed in a position that allows your surgeon access to the appropriate body area and avoids unnecessary pressure on any parts of your body.
The three main phases of anesthesia are induction, maintenance, and emergence.
The first phase of anesthesia, when you first begin receiving an anesthetic, is called induction.
For local anesthesia and many types of regional anesthesia, induction occurs when a local anesthetic is injected into the part of your body that needs to be anesthetized. Local and regional anesthesia often are given with other medicines that make you relaxed or sleepy (sedatives) or relieve pain (analgesics). These medicines are often given through a vein (intravenously, IV) before the local anesthetic is given.
Induction of epidural and spinal anesthesia may require the insertion of a needle into the space around the spinal nerves in the lower back. You will receive an injection of local anesthetic to reduce discomfort before the needle is inserted.
General anesthesia is often induced with IV anesthetics, but inhalation anesthetics also may be used.
- Because they enter directly into the bloodstream, intravenous anesthetics usually cause unconsciousness in less than 1 minute.
- Inhalation anesthetics also act quickly, but you must inhale them for a short time before they cause unconsciousness. Inhalation anesthetics are usually given through a mask that covers your nose and mouth. Induction with inhalation agents is mainly used for small children and adults who do not yet have an IV catheter.
Maintenance and monitoring
The second phase of anesthesia is called maintenance. During maintenance, the anesthesia specialist keeps a balance of medicines while carefully watching your breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and other vital functions. Anesthesia is adjusted based on your responses during the procedure.
With local anesthesia and regional nerve blocks, maintenance frequently requires additional injections of sedatives to prolong the effects for more lengthy procedures.
For general anesthesia, after you are unconscious, anesthesia may be maintained with an inhalation anesthetic alone, with intravenous anesthetics, or most commonly with a combination of the two. Very often, inhalation anesthetics are given through an endotracheal (ET) tube or a laryngeal mask airway (LMA), which is an airway placed at the back of your throat but not in your windpipe like an ET tube. The airway is inserted after you become unconscious.
It also is common during general anesthesia for you to be given other medicines intravenously to maintain stable vital functions and to help prevent or decrease pain or nausea after the procedure.
The final phase of anesthesia is called emergence. When your procedure is completed, the anesthesia specialist will stop giving the anesthetic. As your body clears the anesthetic medicines from your system, the effects begin to wear off, and your body functions begin to return. How quickly you emerge from anesthesia depends on the anesthetics and other medicines used and on your response to the medicines.
With local and regional anesthesia, emergence occurs as the effect of the injected anesthetic wears off and sensation returns. How long it takes for sensation to return depends on the type of anesthetic used, how much you were given, and the area of your body that was affected. Local anesthesia and some regional nerve blocks may wear off within 1 to 2 hours. Emergence from epidural or spinal blocks may take longer.
Emergence from general anesthesia begins when the intravenous or inhalation anesthetic is stopped. It may take a short time before your body clears the anesthetic from your system. You will be closely watched during emergence to make sure that you are breathing well on your own; your heartbeat, blood pressure, and other vital functions stay at normal levels; and your muscle control has returned. If an endotracheal tube or laryngeal mask airway was used, it will be removed as soon as you are breathing on your own.
In some cases, to help speed emergence, reversal agents are used to counteract, or reverse, the effects of certain anesthetics. These agents may help reduce the time it takes for you to recover from anesthesia.
Emergence does not mean you will have completely recovered from all the effects of anesthesia. Some effects may persist for many hours after anesthesia has ended. For example, you may have some numbness or reduced sensation in the part of your body that was anesthetized until the anesthetic wears off completely. Even if you feel alert and normal, your judgment and reflexes may still be affected for some time after your procedure, especially if you continue to take medicines, such as those to control pain or nausea. If you have numbness or reduced sensation longer than expected, contact your anesthesia specialist or doctor.
Risks and Complications
Although all types of anesthesia involve some risk, major side effects and complications from anesthesia are uncommon. Your specific risks depend on your health, the type of anesthesia used, and your response to anesthesia.
Personal risk factors
Your age may be a risk factor. In general, the risks associated with anesthesia and surgery increase in older people.
Certain medical conditions, such as heart, circulation, or nervous system problems, increase your risk of complications from anesthesia.
Some medicines can raise your risk of problems too. Make a list(What is a PDF document?) of all the prescription and over-the-counter medicines you take. And share your list with your doctors.
If you smoke, drink alcohol, or use illegal drugs, you may be more likely to have problems from anesthesia. It's important that you are honest when you talk with your surgeon and anesthesia specialist.
Complications from local anesthesia
When used properly, local anesthetics are safe and have few major side effects. But in high doses, local anesthetics can have toxic effects caused by being absorbed through the bloodstream into the rest of the body (systemic toxicity). This may significantly affect your breathing, heartbeat, blood pressure, and other body functions. Because of these potential toxic effects, equipment for emergency care must be immediately available when local anesthetics are used.
Complications from regional anesthesia
For regional anesthesia, an anesthetic is injected close to a nerve, a bundle of nerves, or the spinal cord. In rare cases, nerve damage can cause persistent numbness, weakness, or pain.
Regional anesthesia (regional nerve blocks, epidural and spinal anesthesia) also carries the risk of systemic toxicity if the anesthetic is absorbed through the bloodstream into the body. Other complications include heart or lung problems, and infection, swelling, or bruising (hematoma) at the injection site.
Spinal anesthesia medicine is injected into the fluid that surrounds the spinal cord (cerebrospinal fluid). The most common complication of spinal anesthesia is a headache caused by leaking of this fluid. It is more common in younger people. A spinal headache may be treated quickly with a blood patch to prevent further complications. A blood patch involves injecting a small amount of the person's own blood into the area where the leak is most likely occurring to seal the hole and to increase pressure in the spinal canal and relieve the pull on the membranes surrounding the canal.
Complications from general anesthesia
Serious side effects of general anesthesia are uncommon in people who are otherwise healthy. But because general anesthesia affects the whole body, it is more likely to cause side effects than local or regional anesthesia. Fortunately, most side effects of general anesthesia are minor and can be easily managed.
General anesthesia suppresses the normal throat reflexes that prevent aspiration, such as swallowing, coughing, or gagging. Aspiration occurs when an object or liquid is inhaled into the respiratory tract (the windpipe or the lungs). To help prevent aspiration, an endotracheal (ET) tube may be inserted during general anesthesia. When an ET tube is in place, the lungs are protected so stomach contents cannot enter the lungs. Aspiration during anesthesia and surgery is very uncommon. To reduce this risk, people are usually instructed not to eat or drink anything for a certain number of hours before anesthesia so that the stomach is empty. Anesthesia specialists use many safety measures to minimize the risk of aspiration.
Insertion or removal of airways may cause respiratory problems such as coughing; gagging; or muscle spasms in the voice box, or larynx (laryngospasm), or in the bronchial tubes in the lungs (bronchospasm). Insertion of airways also may cause an increase in blood pressure (hypertension) and heart rate (tachycardia). Other complications may include damage to teeth and lips, swelling in the larynx, sore throat, and hoarseness caused by injury or irritation of the larynx.
Other serious risks of general anesthesia include changes in blood pressure or heart rate or rhythm, heart attack, or stroke. Death or serious illness or injury due solely to anesthesia is rare and is usually also related to complications from the surgery. Death occurs in about 1 out of 200,000 healthy people who get anesthesia.1
Some people who are going to have general anesthesia express concern that they will not be completely unconscious but will "wake up" and have some awareness during the surgical procedure. But awareness during general anesthesia is very rare. Anesthesia specialists devote careful attention and use many methods to prevent this.
Risks from reactions to anesthetic medicines
Some anesthetic medicines may cause allergic or other abnormal reactions in some people, but these are rare. If you suspect you may have such a problem, you should tell both your surgeon and anesthesia specialist well before your surgery. Testing will then be arranged as needed.
A rare, potentially fatal condition called malignant hyperthermia (MH) may be triggered by some anesthetics. The anesthetics most commonly associated with malignant hyperthermia include the potent inhalation anesthetics and the muscle relaxant succinylcholine. For more information, see the listing for the Malignant Hyperthermia Association of the United States (MHAUS) in the Other Places to Get Help section of this topic.
Recovering From Anesthesia
Recovery from anesthesia occurs as the effects of the anesthetic medicines wear off and your body functions begin to return. Immediately after surgery, you will be taken to a post-anesthesia care unit (PACU), often called the recovery room. There, nurses will care for and observe you. A nurse will check your vital signs and bandages and ask about your pain level.
How quickly you recover from anesthesia depends on the type of anesthesia you received, your response to the anesthesia, and whether you received other medicines that may prolong your recovery. As you begin to awaken from general anesthesia, you may experience some confusion, disorientation, or difficulty thinking clearly. This is normal. It may take some time before the effects of the anesthesia are completely gone.
Your age and general health also may affect how quickly you recover. Younger people usually recover more quickly from the effects of anesthesia than older people. People with certain medical conditions may have difficulty clearing anesthetics from the body, which can delay recovery.
After anesthesia
Some of the effects of anesthesia may persist for many hours after the procedure. For example, you may have some numbness or reduced sensation in the part of your body that was anesthetized until the anesthetic wears off completely. Your muscle control and coordination may also be affected for many hours following your procedure. Other effects may include:
- Pain. As the anesthesia wears off, you can expect to feel some pain and discomfort from your surgery. In some cases, additional doses of local or regional anesthesia are given to block pain during initial recovery. Pain following surgery can cause restlessness as well as increased heart rate and blood pressure. If you experience pain during your recovery, tell the nurse who is watching you so that your pain can be relieved.
- Nausea and vomiting. You may have a dry mouth and/or nausea. Nausea and vomiting are common after any type of anesthesia. It is a common cause of an unplanned overnight hospital stay and delayed discharge. Vomiting may be a serious problem if it causes pain and stress or affects surgical incisions. Nausea and vomiting are more likely with general anesthesia and lengthy procedures, such as surgery on the abdomen, the middle ear, or the eyes. In most cases, nausea after anesthesia does not last long and can be treated with medicines called antiemetics.
- Low body temperature (hypothermia). You may feel cold and shiver when you are waking up. A mild drop in body temperature is common during general anesthesia, because the anesthetic reduces your body's heat production and affects the way your body regulates its temperature. Special measures are often taken during surgery to keep a person's body temperature from dropping too much (hypothermia).
Leaving the recovery area
When your normal body functions have returned, you either will be transferred to another location in the hospital to complete your recovery or allowed to go home.
In many cases minor surgical procedures are done on an outpatient basis. This means you will go home the same day. Before you are discharged from an outpatient clinic, you should be alert and able to understand and remember instructions. You will also want to make sure you have regained muscle control and coordination enough to walk safely, take fluids without vomiting, and take oral pain medicines safely. Depending on your medical history, your surgeon may also want you to be able to urinate before you are discharged.
When you are discharged, make sure you have:
- Reliable transportation to your home and for return to the hospital if complications develop. Do not plan to drive yourself home.
- A competent adult caregiver who can be with you for 24 hours after discharge.
- Access to a telephone so you can call for assistance if complications develop.
- Access to a pharmacy so you can get your prescriptions.
If you are not ready to go home, you will be transferred to another area in the hospital to complete your recovery. The length of your stay will depend on your response to your surgery.
Other Places To Get Help
American Society of Anesthesiologists Patient Page | |
Phone: | (847) 825-5586
Fax: | (847) 825-1692 |
E-mail: | email@example.com |
Web Address: | http://lifelinetomodernmedicine.com |
This Web site, sponsored by the American Society of Anesthesiologists, has information to help adults and children before and after anesthesia. This Web site has videos, articles, patient stories, and more. |
American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) | |
520 N. Northwest Highway | |
Park Ridge, IL 60068-2573 | |
Phone: | (847) 825-5586 |
Fax: | (847) 825-1692 |
E-mail: | firstname.lastname@example.com |
Web Address: | www.asahq.org |
The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) is an educational, research, and scientific association of physicians organized to raise and maintain the standards of the medical practice of anesthesiology and to improve patient care. The ASA Web site offers educational materials for the general public. |
KidsHealth for Parents, Children, and Teens | |
10140 Centurion Parkway North | |
Jacksonville, FL 32256 | |
Phone: | (904) 697-4100 |
Fax: | (904) 697-4125 |
Web Address: | www.kidshealth.org |
This Web site is sponsored by the Nemours Foundation. It has a wide range of information about children's health, from allergies and diseases to normal growth and development (birth to adolescence). This Web site offers separate areas for kids, teens, and parents, each providing age-appropriate information that the child or parent can understand. You can sign up to get weekly e-mails about your area of interest. |
Malignant Hyperthermia Association of the United States (MHAUS) | |
11 East State Street | |
P.O. Box 1069 | |
Sherburne, NY 13460 | |
Phone: | (607) 674-7901 |
Fax: | (607) 674-7910 |
Web Address: | www.mhaus.org |
MHAUS is a nonprofit group that strives to reduce illness and death from malignant hyperthermia, a rare, life-threatening genetic disorder that can be triggered by anesthesia. Its Web site has information about symptoms, testing, and more. |
Related Information
- Wiener-Kronish JP (2008). Overview of anesthesia. In L Goldman, D Ausiello, eds., Cecil Medicine, 23rd ed., pp. 2904–2907. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier.
Other Works Consulted
- American Society of Anesthesiologists (2006). Guidelines for patient care in anesthesiology. Available online: http://www.asahq.org/publicationsAndServices/standards/13.pdf.
- Brown DL (2010). Spinal, epidural, and caudal anesthesia. In RD Miller et al., eds., Miller's Anesthesia, 7th ed., pp. 1611–1638. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone.
- Dalens BJ (2010). Regional anesthesia in children. In RD Miller et al., eds., Miller's Anesthesia, 7th ed., pp. 2519–2700. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone.
- Hilton L, et al. (2009). Anesthesia, local. In B Narins, ed., Gale Encyclopedia of Surgery and Medical Tests: A Guide for Patients and Caregivers, 2nd ed., vol. 1, pp. 68–72. Farmington Hills, MI: Gale.
- Miller RD (2006). Anesthesia. In GM Doherty, LW Way, eds., Current Surgical Diagnosis and Treatment, 12th ed., pp. 170–181. New York: McGraw-Hill.
- White PF, Eng MR (2010). Ambulatory (outpatient) anesthesia. In RD Miller et al., eds., Miller's Anesthesia, 7th ed., pp. 2419–2459. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone.
- Yip P, et al. (2009). Non-pharmacological interventions for assisting the induction of anaesthesia in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (3).
Author | Debby Golonka, MPH |
Editor | Susan Van Houten, RN, BSN, MBA |
Associate Editor | Pat Truman, MATC |
Primary Medical Reviewer | Anne C. Poinier, MD - Internal Medicine |
Specialist Medical Reviewer | John M. Freedman, MD - Anesthesiology |
Last Updated | January 28, 2010 |
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Frequently Asked Questions
Previous Section:
Topic Overview - Top of Page
Next Section:
Preparing for Anesthesia
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Frequently Asked Questions - Top of Page
Next Section:
Types of Anesthesia
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Preparing for Anesthesia - Top of Page
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What Happens During Anesthesia
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Types of Anesthesia - Top of Page
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Risks and Complications
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What Happens During Anesthesia - Top of Page
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Recovering From Anesthesia
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Other Places To Get Help
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Recovering From Anesthesia - Top of Page
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Related Information
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Last Updated: January 28, 2010
Author: Debby Golonka, MPH
Medical Review: Anne C. Poinier, MD - Internal Medicine & John M. Freedman, MD - Anesthesiology


text:
The core value for Cub Scouts for the month of July is Courage. According to the program helps courage is:
Being brave and doing what is right regardless of our fears, the difficulties, or the consequences.
So how can you fit this into your pack program? Here are some ideas:
- Talk about using the "Courage steps" when they find themselves in a difficult situation – Be brave, be calm, be clear, be careful. Learn some first aid skills while you are doing this. There are emergency/first aid requirements at every Cub Scout level.
- Encourage them to try something new or to learn a new skill and to be courageous when they don't know if they will succeed or not. Try one of the belt loops from the Cub Scout Academics and Sports program for an area none of them are familiar with.
- Do some role playing with what they would do in difficult situations. Wolf Achievement 12 – Making Choices – is a great start for ideas.
- Work on some astronomy and talk about the courage the astronauts must have.
- Do a service project to help somebody in need. Talk about the courage people need when things don't go as planned.
- Do a service project to help the men and women in our armed forces. Talk about the courage needed to serve our country. If possible, visit a military base.
What are your ideas for teaching courage? Add them to the comments below.


text:
RIM keeps the ball rolling with another release. This time, Alltel, known as "America's largest network", is releasing the BlackBerry 8703e. This one's missing the antenna, so that's good news. You're looking at shelling out $249 USD after a $50 mail-in rebate for one of these bad boys – the perfect stocking stuffer. Check out the official release here.
"The BlackBerry 8703e running on the Alltel Network is a high-performance productivity tool that delivers the functionality and flexibility that mobile professionals want while away from their desk,†said Mark Guibert, vice president, corporate marketing, Research In Motion. "We are very pleased to be working together to offer this powerful handset to Alltel customers.â€


text:
MP3 of the Day: "The Vacant Chair," Performed By Matthew Sabatella
via matthewsabatella.com |
Matthew Sabatella |
Sabatella's Ballad of America series has showcased music of the the 18th (really!) and 19th centuries. Volume Three, for instance, was dedicated to songs from the lifetime of Abraham Lincoln (and it seems Honest Abe was a sentimental fella).
So following that, Sabatella offers for free download his rendition of the traditional song "The Vacant Chair," with music by George F. Root and words by Henry S. Washburn. Get the explanation behind the song, and the download link, after the jump.
Here's Sabatella's explanation of the song's background:
The song was written during the American Civil War at Thanksgiving time in 1861, as families in the North and South gathered for holiday celebrations and found themselves staring at "the vacant chair." The song was one of the most widely sung during the Civil War, popular among soldiers and civilians in both the North and South."To get the free MP3, you'll have to subscribe to Sabatella's e-mail list, which is easy. Just click the link below and follow the instructions.
MP3: Matthew Sabatella - "The Vacant Chair"
Sponsor Content


text: supreme - throw it up Feat. j.u.i.c.e By supreme Posted Jun 23, 2012 at 08:31 PM 0 0 0Comments 46 Views Share Tweet gplus thumblr pinterest 1 throw it up supreme feat. j.u.i.c.e Follow Artist Embed Me To Playlist Songs Mixtapes Videos 0 0 0 46 Powered By HOTNEWHIPHOPhotnewhiphop.com Edit Colors Full Player Simple Player Embed Script Copy Short Link Copy Iframe Copy Preview Full Player Simple Player Embed Code Copy NOTE: Minimum player width is 370 pixels, height is 50 pixels. Back Full Player Simple Player NOTE: Player width is 450 pixels, height is 50 pixels. Title Artist Back 01:23 04:56 Embed Code Copy


text:
Men's Georgia Boots® Brookville 8" Steel Toe Waterproof Work Boots, Dark Brown
Item # WX2-578272
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This item is shipped directly from the factory. To see the expected shipping date, please add to your Shopping Cart. Sorry, no express shipping available. We are unable to ship factory direct items to Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico or APO or FPO addresses.
- Details & Specs
Georgia Boots® Brookville 8" Steel Toe WATERPROOF Work Boots: Rugged quality to handle any job, any work conditions!
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text:
The VMI Foundation invites applications for the position of Vice President (VP) for Annual and Reunion Giving. The VP reports to the Chief Executive Officer of the VMI Foundation. The VP has the responsibility to plan, coordinate and execute comprehensive annual giving, reunion campaign, and class agent programs. The annual fundraising program seeks gifts from alumni, parents, cadets, and friends of VMI. The VP develops the plans for communication and solicitation involving email, direct mail, phonathon, and alumni/volunteer engagement. The
VP directs the planning, coordination, and conduct of the 10th, 25th, and 50th Reunion fund raising campaigns. The VP will develop and implement a plan that includes a detailed budget and measureable outcomes for the program while focusing on cost-effective approaches resulting in a successful, integrated operation with a staff of five. The VP prepares and presents reports, plans, and proposals to individual alumni, organizations, and high level administration leaders, i.e. Boards or institution leaders. As a member of the Foundation's senior management team, the VP fosters teamwork, and performs other duties as required. Evening and weekend work required.
Qualifications: Minimum qualifications include experience in development operations in a higher education environment; a bachelor's degree; experience working with technology, web, and social media; experience or educational background in Marketing; proficiency in Microsoft
Office Suite; and supervisory or volunteer management experience. Candidates with experience in an annual fund office, experience with call center operations (with a knowledge of Ruffalo Cody/CampusCall), and Blackbaud Raiser's Edge database are preferred. Demands of the position require excellent oral, written, and interpersonal communication skills; the ability to work well with diverse populations including alumni, volunteers, alumni class leaders, students, faculty, and administration. Possess the ability to provide leadership, think strategically, and recruit, motivate, and appreciate others.
Nominations and Applications: Review of applications will begin immediately and will be welcomed until the appointment is made. The appointee is expected to take office in the Spring of 2013. Applications received by March 1, 2013 will be assured of full consideration. These should include a letter of interest, resume, and names of three references with email addresses and phone numbers. All applications will be treated in confidence and should be sent electronically to: Mr. Douglas E. Taylor, Vice President, VMI Foundation, (MS Word format preferred) at email@example.com.
Please note this is not a Commonwealth of Virginia (State) position and therefore candidates cannot apply via the Virginia Jobs on-line site.