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The top three were revealed on the May 2 episode of 'American Idol' and everyone on the stage and behind the judges' panel were in tears — are you surprised by the results?
Judges Nicki Minaj, Mariah Carey, Keith Urban and Randy Jackson watched as someone was eliminated before the heroes hometown welcome — what do YOU think about the results?
First the girls sang Beyonce's "Crazy In Love."
Then, Jimmy Iovine gave his comments on the girls last night. "She wasn't great, but it wasn't bad enough to send her home," Jimmy said about Angie Miller. Regarding Amber Holcolm, Jimmy said Amber sounded karaoke when she sang Pink's "Just Give Me A Reason" but thought that she crushed it with "Funny Valentine."
Jimmy said Candice Glover did a magnificent job on both songs and said she was "head and shoulders above the rest."
Kree "hasn't lived up to her full potential," said Jimmy and predicted her "good" (not great) performances might hurt her.
Former Idol David Cook debuted his new song "Laying Me Low" and then Will.i.am sang his new song "Bang Bang" from The Great Gatsby (in a cool 1920's black and white performance).
Guest mentor Harry Connick Jr. (who I think should be a judge) sang his single "Every Man Should Know."
And now, the results:
Angie and Candice were announced as safe. 81 million votes decided that Amber would be going home. The judges gave her a standing ovation as she watched her journey with tears streaming down her face. She barely made it through her encore performance as the rest of the contestants and Mariah all started crying.
Did the right person get eliminated tonight, HollywoodLifers? Tell us below.
WATCH: The Top 4 Perform Again Recap – AMERICAN IDOL SEASON 12
– Dory Larrabee
More 'American Idol' News:
- 'American Idol' Recap: Candice Glover Has Best 'Idol' Performance Ever
- 'American Idol' Finalists Talk Boston Bombing: Angie Miller & More
- 'American Idol' Producers Want Candice Glover & Amber Holcomb In Finale
View Comment
yvonne jimenez
Posted at 5:53 AM on May 3, 2013
Posted at 8:44 AM on May 3, 2013
Robert Henry Eller
Posted at 4:24 AM on May 3, 2013
I have been completely in the tank for Amber from day one.
But, if Amber didn't go home this week, she would have gone home next week. From my perspective, I'm happy she lasted as long as she did.
Amber, based on the criteria of AI, was never going to win. Amber, based on the tastes of the AI audience, was never going to win.
Based on the criteria that matter to me?
Amber, out of all the contestants, has the ESSENTIAL voice. As good as the any of the rest of the finalists are, and I like, or at least "get," every one of them, every other contestant is replaceable by someone else currently out in music. There are no other Ambers that I know of.
Harry Connick did Amber a great favor. I hope that she learns the important lesson he taught her. She has got to know what she is singing, what the song means, and what emotions and gestures connect with that meaning. That she was able to sing "My Funny Valentine" (the first time) and "I Believe in You and Me" as convincingly as she did tells me she has the instincts to get songs by listening to them. But her genuine understanding going forward is absolutely necessary.
I hope fervently that Amber will grow into the person she needs to be to make full use of her gift. I believe that if she does, she will become not only a singer that we want, but a singer that we need.
songbird 48
Posted at 4:17 AM on May 3, 2013
Amber Holcomb is a beautiful, talented young lady. I am amazed at the poise and confidence she displayed well beyond her 19 years. It was very disappointing not seeing her get to the final three. But, Amber has a lot to be proud of. She did great and went very far. l believe she will have a very successful career in music.
Posted at 3:58 AM on May 3, 2013
Candice deserves to win it all, doubtless.
Amber shouldn't be sent home as 4th of the Final 4, her performing potential is absolutely the greatest and limitless out of Final 4.
Angie is great, lovely and will win lots of heart in the country. She has movie star quality too.
Kree, good but we have already witnessed her best potential during Season 12.
I was hoping to see Candice and Amber in the Final. But the best bet is Candice and Angie in the Final.
Best wishes to each of the Final 4. We really have enjoyed the Final 4 this year.
This is the end for me for american idol…Too racist!! and always the worst singers win (at leat the lat 3 seasons)…This time the juddes must be part of the decision… Kree is a good performer for Las vegas casino show and Angie is perfect for disneyland… candice and Ambre are much better than the other girls…but again America is racist…I'm sure the next one to be kicked off is gonna be Candice…Whatever..I'm dome with american idol…change the method let the judges to be part of the decision because the viewwer are a bunch of racists
Posted at 5:51 AM on May 3, 2013
Again, another reason why they should just cancel Idol. They allowed Amber, the one singer who could sing besides Candice and the most marketable, to go home. This is why with the exception of a handful, 90% of recent winners and contestants on Idol the past 4-5 years have suffered. Judges heaping overpraise on throwaway lounge singers, influencing the audience's votes. Not everyone in the audience, but a majority. Idol has become a farce. I thought with having all females there would be some common sense to it. I was wrong. Hopefully, Candice will win and Idol can at least redeem itself.
Posted at 8:47 AM on May 3, 2013
Posted at 3:00 AM on May 3, 2013
art garcia
Posted at 2:04 AM on May 3, 2013
Posted at 1:59 AM on May 3, 2013
Posted at 1:38 AM on May 3, 2013
Posted at 1:25 AM on May 3, 2013
Posted at 2:02 AM on May 3, 2013
Posted at 1:09 AM on May 3, 2013
Just leave it to America, it's American Idol after all, so America decides. I don't think they're being racist, they're voting for those who they like and not those who they don't like, why call it racism? And if that is so, Candice and Amber would've been elimated long ago. I still believe Angie will win because she has the qualities of an American Idol and not just the voice. She also has solid fans, unlike Candice's and Kree's because Candice get high votes only when her performance is good, and Kree gets low votes when she has a bad week. Angie has never been in the bottom so she definitely has solid fans which will support her all the way. I guess it will be Angie-Kree finale. And Angie will win.
yvonne jimenez
Posted at 5:54 AM on May 3, 2013
H T Jeffers
Posted at 1:09 AM on May 3, 2013
yvonne jimenez
Posted at 5:56 AM on May 3, 2013
Posted at 1:07 AM on May 3, 2013
Posted at 12:51 AM on May 3, 2013
White professional male age 50 I voted for the first time for an Idol
Contestant and all my votes were for Amber Holcomb
My opinion both Angie and Kree should have went home leaving Candace and Amber in the finals
Angie is too broadway or a pageant singer
Kree is certainly a lounge or cruise ship performer
Both Amber and Candace are potential singers and mega record chart singers !
Somebody got this all wrong !
Robert Henry Eller
Posted at 4:35 AM on May 3, 2013
Same as you but almost a generation older, Jeff. I've also been for Amber all the way. But I'm living outside the US now, and cannot vote.
Most of what you say I agree with. Kree I think can be a country star. She's not shining here because she is clearly not a fighter.
There's nothing wrong with the results. It's a popularity contest in front of the AI audience. Look at the demographics. AI themselves had to clumsily rig a season that ensured a girl would win.
Amber was never going to win. What I believe you like about Amber, which I suspect we like about her in common, is not a criteria for winning AI. Amber, as I continue to say, has the essential and unique voice. But AI is about performance, and about a certain kind of over-the-top performance. Subtlety is a virtue that the judges and the coaches may pick up on. But the AI audience is a pop music audience. What Amber has, most of these people do not have the receptor sites for.
Be glad we had the chance to enjoy Amber as long as we did. She'll be back.
Posted at 12:48 AM on May 3, 2013
Posted at 12:33 AM on May 3, 2013
Idol lover
Posted at 12:29 AM on May 3, 2013
Posted at 12:57 AM on May 3, 2013
Posted at 12:18 AM on May 3, 2013
Posted at 12:16 AM on May 3, 2013
Posted at 12:14 AM on May 3, 2013
Posted at 12:21 AM on May 3, 2013
i clearly nk it has a lot to do with racism on America part, There is no way Amber, the second best singer on the show should have gone home,. OMG she was being behind Cree, the judges even tried to tell America that Cree should go home. Amber and Candice are power houses and should have been the final two. did you people listen to her voice ? The voice of an angel. No way she should have gone home., I just dont think enough minorities are watching the show and voting. I am done with American Idol now. I am gonna watch the voice where judges actually make the decision. plus they will be on Wednesday nights, same time as Idol. So i know which one I will be watching
Posted at 12:19 PM on May 6, 2013


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Lindsay Lohan
Lindsay Lohan is currently going through a some troubles at the courthouse. After not showing up for court recently, the actress is now forced to wear a SCRAM bracelet to monitor her alcohol consumption. She's no stranger to the monitoring bracelets, she had to wear one back in 2007.
Taking a break from her life on the West Coast, Lindsay Lohan was spotted out in New York City with her girlfriend Samantha Ronson and mom Dina Lohan last night (August 24).
The "Mean Girls" babe and her newly brunette gal pal joined her momager at Downtown Manhattan hot spot Bar Pitti restaurant for dinner with friends on a relaxing night out.
In the latest chapter of "Attached at the Hip," Lindsay Lohan and Samantha Ronson were spotted out and about in Los Angeles yesterday having a marvelous time.
The "Labor Pains" actress and her DJ girlfriend wore matching white shirts as they tooled around town, smiling and laughing all the way.
Wearing a top that offered up a less-than-conservative view from the side, Lindsay Lohan was spotted out and about in Beverly Hills on Wednesday afternoon (August 20).
Escorted around by her constant companion, DJ Samantha Ronson, the "Mean Girls" starlet started things off at the trendy Yves Saint Laurent shop.
Surprise, surprise. Lindsay Lohan and Samantha Ronson were joined at the hip again yesterday (August 19) for a day of lunch and shopping in Los Angeles.
The "Mean Girls" actress and her deejay girlfriend began with a casual lunch out before gearing up for a massive afternoon of retail therapy that saw them checking out boutiques from Malibu to Beverly Hills and everywhere in between.
Though lately they haven't been able to stay in one place for more than a few days, Lindsay Lohan and Samantha Ronson enjoyed a couple of low-key days together in LA over the weekend.
The "Labor Pains" babe and her bleached blonde girlfriend were spotted out and about on Saturday, making their way to the Arclight Cinemas to take in a showing of the new Ben Stiller/Jack Black comedy "Tropic Thunder."
Following a fun-filled night at the grand opening of Apple Lounge (August 14), Lindsay Lohan and Samantha Ronson were spotted doing a little retail therapy yesterday (August 15).
The "Labor Pains" cutie and her deejay girlfriend looked like they were ready to spend some loot as they made their way to the Fred Segal and Dior boutiques in Hollywood.
A happy-looking Lindsay Lohan and Samantha Ronson were spotted enjoying each other's company last night (August 14) at the Grand Opening of the Apple Lounge in West Hollywood.
Reunited after Ronson's H&M gig in Canada the day before, LiLo and Sam were happy to pose for a few paparazzi pics, looking like their relationship is as strong as ever.
They're one of the hottest, trendiest, and most affordable labels out there these days. And for the Grand Opening of the new H&M store in downtown Montreal, Samantha Ronson was hired to cover the turntables.
Seen sans Lindsay Lohan, Miss Ronson wore her usual band t-shirt and trousers with her white fedora as she delighted the shoppers at the new boutique, posing for a few paparazzi shots along the way.
Lindsay Lohan has posted a very interesting blog on her MySpace page, which was provoked by two photographers who asked Lindsay if her younger sister Ali, 14, recently got breast implants.
"It made me feel a bit sick to my stomach," she writes. "My response simply was, 'Did you really just ask me that? She is a 14-year-old girl, and you are a pedophile!' All I am trying to say is that I was raised with a wonderful family surrounding me. Of course, we have our ups and downs, but all in all, my mother taught us to appreciate what we have been given. Nor would she ever encourage, or allow a 14-year-old child to alter her body."
She's been enjoying some time off as of late, having finished her "Labor Pains" and "Ugly Betty" gigs. And yesterday Lindsay Lohan decided it was time for some retail therapy.
The "Mean Girls" gal headed out to Beverly Hills for some shopping on Robertson Boulevard, during which she was constantly hounded by the paparazzi.
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text: i have downloaded the plugins for NFC symbain here... http://www.developer.nokia.com/info/...ian_3_SDK.html ,but when i install the plugins, i cannot start the NFC manager. When i started the NFC manager from the symbian emulator "NFC.Application manager cannot be found in the registry" found in the error logs. if anyone has already experience about this problem, kindly help me to figure out the problem.


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There are disturbing new details about a shooting last week that forced four schools in downtown Wilmington to go on lockdown.
Wednesday Newschannel 3 learned that one of the suspects, charged with attempted murder, was apprehended in class, after the shooting.
The accused shooter was a student at New Hanover High School. Previously, the principal of New Hanover High said he didn't show for school that day, but we now know did go to class after the shooting.
Last Wednesday, New Hanover High School went on lock down for the fourth time in less than two months. A shooting on the corner of 11th and Orange Streets lead school authorities to take the precaution.
"All of the folks that were involved were students of school age, and when the incident occurred, that was the initial report, and that led us to take some of the action that we did, which was going into the lockdown," New Hanover High School Principal Chris Furr said.
According to Principal Furr, the school re-opened it's doors when three of the four suspects connected to the shooting were apprehended. The fourth suspect, a New Hanover High student, managed to elude authorities, and went back to class that day. He was apprehended by the school resource officer in gym class, and charged with attempted murder by Wilmington Police.
"It's been tough you know, some of the conversations the kids have shared, tough for them to understand how this type of thing can happen with someone they know," Principal Furr said.
The president of the PTA in New Hanover County says safety has been a big concern for parents.
She says she and other parents she spoke to, weren't alarmed that an alleged gunman, was taken in to custody on school grounds.
"It actually made me feel better knowing that plans we're putting on paper are actually being followed through," New Hanover County PTA President, Stephanie Kraybill said.
Principal Furr says the gun never made it on to campus but somehow, the accused gunman did.
That student is no longer attending school, and is charged with attempted murder, armed robbery and possession of a firearm by a minor.
In addition to his legal troubles, the student is facing further disciplinary action through the school system


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The Southern California Institute of Architecture (SCI-Arc) announced plans for a new digital prototyping laboratory, which the school expects to begin constructing early next year.
The new 4,000-square-feet laboratory, named "The Magic Box," will be an additional structure at the south end of the school's narrow, quarter-mile long building designed by Harrison Albright—formerly the Santa Fe Freight Depot—which the school purchased in 2011.
A rendering of the new Magic Box lab.
Credit: Courtesy of SCI-Arc
Eric Owen Moss, FAIA, SCI-Arc's director, is the architect behind the new two-story Magic Box, which will house computer numerical control (CNC) equipment including 3D scanners, ABS plastic printers, and high-speed laser cutters. The structure will also link the downtown Los Angeles school's current Analog Shop and Robot House, creating the school's new RAD Center, "a one-of-its-kind, multi-dimensional facility," according to a school news release. SCI-Arc plans to have the new laboratory open for students next fall.
A Google Maps image of the SCI-Arc campus.
3D Technology
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Southern California Institute...
Sara Johnson
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Check out these stories, which take a close look at innovative projects that are using wood in creative ways. Proudly sponsored by reThink Wood.


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How to Decorate Kitchen with Oak Cabinets?
Are you looking for an efficient solution to give your old kitchen a makeover? Does your kitchen feature oak cabinets? Well, no need to blame oak cabinets for the outdated look as nothing appeals feels better than classic oak cabinets installed in a kitchen. The light washed out color imparted to the room by oak cabinets can be easily spruced up by employing efficient decorating techniques.
Many homeowners stick to the rule that kitchens should be painted in white or light color. However, in case of kitchens with oak cabinets, as a light color tone has already been introduced by way of oak cabinets, it would be appropriate to choose dark saturated colors for painting the walls. Lively wallpaper with interesting patterns may also be chosen to set off the pale look and create an inviting area for the family.
Choose opulence bold fabrics featuring loud prints for dressing the windows. Always remember that there is very little scope to introduce fabric inside the kitchen, therefore the opportunity imparted by the windows should be used efficiently.
Kitchen accessories are other popular and efficient ways to decorate a kitchen with oak cabinets in an impressive manner. The accessories should be selected in alliance with the color of the walls. Introduce jars, hand towels, table mats in matching color and pattern as that featured by the walls.
Provide the cabinets with a facelift by updating their hardware such as hinges and handles. Choose deep colored unique pieces to enhance the kitchen décor. Ensure to select a different style than the existing cabinet fixtures installed, so that the new ones catch the eye.
A splash of color may also be added to the pale kitchen by laying down a vibrant runner near the sink area. An attractive kitchen rug with bold geometric prints or eye catching designs may also be employed as a trick to breathe in life to the kitchen.
A tile splash guard may also be installed above the countertop and behind the stove area to lend a dramatic statement to the room. Try selecting the splash guard in contrasting colors to the oak cabinets and complementing the walls. You may also create some pattern or design by employing varied colored tiles.{pictures from Stosa}.


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Junior Member
Many people do not know how to play TT, I imagine the ones that read this will however know that if you cannot push the final tower killing the inhibitors is detrimental as your lane will constantly push giving them freefarm. So smart people will not kill the inhibitors unless they can win the game at the same time. At some point you must of course push the base, at which point the enemy team knowing you will beat them in a teamfight will likely stay back while you kill the inhibitor as a necessity. Now you are forced to dive the final tower if you wish to kill it as the enemy team will simply pull the minions into the laser/ farm from the laser. I have lost too many games playing against this 'tactic' If you have some form of adc you can kill it easier, but that is not usually the case. The point is that too many games of this sort are lost because you are forced to dive the final tower to kill at, at which point a teamfight brakes out and you often lose. This is easily the biggest problem with TT. picking strong champs is annoying to play against if done en mass i.e Singed, WW, Rammus, Amumu, Malphite etc but that is fair. No one is stopping you from doing this if you wish. Pulling minions into the laser cannot be what Riot intended when making the map, minions are meant to push towers and finally the final structure. The idea you could be forced to dive a tower even though the lane is pushed to the tower is just simply dirty. It is essentially bug abuse, and if you do it you should be banned for life. The real injustice comes from the fact while being better than players who use this tactic your skill is made largely irrelevant. As soon as you get close to victory teams just essentially stop playing the game. They stay in their base and prolong the game. One Team just runs around free farming while the other just waits in their base. It is a bad joke and that Riot has done nothing about it is a disgrace. Why make a game mode if you allow people to abuse a bug that destroys the mode.
Senior Member
Reading your post, you sound really mad. Banned for life? Come on. I think you should take a breather and learn that a win isn't a win unless your screen says victory. If the other team turtles and you were unable to beat them, you deserved the loss. Likewise, if you turtle and manage to come back and win the game, you deserve to win. If turtling was such a broken strategy that those who use it negate skill non-necessity, and enforce a loss on their opponents, then you'll have to explain to me how we have so many teams with 90%+ win rate. Turtling, being the simple strategy that it is, if as broken as you proclaim it, would make having a win ratio over 60% theoretically impossible.
I'm not sure you understand, obviously not every team can turtle to victory, but then I didn't say that every team who pushes base first indeed ends up losing to a turtle strategy. It happens some of the time, but happening at all is a crime. Turtling is a legitimate strategy, but note that I didn't use the word because its not turtling that is the problem it's the fact that even if teams want to push they can't because diving the tower is IN SOME GAMES, NOT ALL not possible. It makes turtling too easy. You can't turtle 5s in the same way I am describing as you can just kill the towers and then you win a teamfight. Turtling in 3s is completely different and lacks any skill. Furthermore the tower has regen and in order to try push it you have to destroy the inhibitor meaning they can freefarm that lane if you fail to win the game on that attempt. It really comes down to whether you think it is fair to pull all of the minions that push the final tower into the laser. If you think it's fair that you can stay in your base, essentially not playing LoL and force the opposing team to dive your tower you are insane. It cannot be that Riot intended that you can pull all of the minions into the laser, it is so out of sync with the idea that lanes push to the final building, which is of course what they do if they are not pulled by champs.
Turtling happens in SR too. They have Baron? Let us wait it out at their towers because otherwise we will lose.
i think you suck and should drink some of the stuff under the sink
Judas Priest
You are right. Destroying an enemy's building (inhibitor) shouldn't be a punishable thing, you should be rewarded to do it. Letting the inhibitors there until you can finish the game is just the way LoL community found out to bypass this map flaw, but I'm sure it wasn't Riot's initial intent. They should really fix this map because when the turtle strategie is put into action, the match gets extremely boring for both teams.
Uncle Jellyfish
Would a simple fix to this problem be to just make it so the fountain laser doesn't hit minions, only champions?
1. You are assuming it's broken because youre assuming it was not intended to be this way. 2. You believe using the super turret is a glitch. I consider it to be a form of turret hugging. Besides, most of the time, youre not able to last hit minions anyway, so who cares. You can kite minions all around the map if youre skilled enough. 3. Why does everyone compare tt to sr? Just because theyre both the same types of maps doesn't mean they have the same strategies. 4. And you can keep them from turtling after you take out the inhibitor, you just have to leave it up when it respawns again. While you prepare to take out the main turret. I'm not saying I proved you wrong, just saying that you didn't real prove yourself right.
1. It seems quite obvious to that it was not intended that you had to dive the final tower, think about it. 2. Obviously the super turret is not a glitch, I never said it was, but the idea that you can pull all of the minions into the laser forcing the other team to dive the tower is bug abuse. 3. The comparison to SR is relevant because it highlights how you cannot camp at your final towers in the same way as TT. In TT you have to dive the tower as they will pull minions whereas in SR the minions reach the towers. 4. Yes I realize you should not attack the inhibitors, its essentially the first thing I wrote. Please learn to read. This doesn't change the fact you have to kill the inhibitors before you push the final tower, which you have to dive. Nothing in your fourth point is even relevant to what I said. 5. You are a moron, the only way you could prove me wrong is if you someone made some good argument as to why it seems fair in the scheme of a LoL game to prolong a game making it boring by abusing a bug that was definitely never intended. That's what it comes down to. Is it fair that teams are forced to dive the final tower in order to kill it, even with both lanes pushed to base? If you say yes you should really stop playing LoL.


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Items where Author is "Tripisciano, C. "
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Journal article
Tripisciano, C., Kozynchenko, O.P., Linsberger, I., Phillips, G.J., Howell, C.A., Sandeman, S.R., Tennison, S.R., Mikhalovsky, S.V., Weber, V. and Falkenhagen, D. (2011) Activation-dependent adsorption of cytokines and toxins related to liver failure to carbon beads Biomacromolecules, 12 (10). pp. 3733-3740. ISSN 1525-7797


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Written by Hannah Jelliman
There seems to be so many 'Indie' bands around right now that the genre is almost becoming monotonous, however emerging 4-piece Alt-J (∆) bring a fresh, innovative sound that is anything but boring. The band's name conjures up images of computers and technology, reflected in the electronic sound of many of their songs. However, according to their Facebook page, the symbol is "in mathematical equations… used to show change", perhaps reflecting the career changes taken in forming the band.
The boys met at Leeds University, three studying Fine Art and the other English Literature; their passion for music developed as they jammed in their dorm rooms and eventually decided that music is their calling, and thank god they did! Now based in Cambridge, the band's style has been defined by The Guardian as "Art-rock"; however I'd be more inclined to say Folk-indie-electro is a more fitting description. Alt-J's debut album "An Awesome Wave" is exactly what it says on the tin: an awesome set of tracks varying between mellow acoustics and up-beat electronic indie.
The opening track, aptly named "Intro", is a calm introduction of soft repetitive piano, experimental electronics and distorted singing. Although not particularly memorable, the song is easy-listening, the type one might hear on a dance chill-out CD. The second track "Interlude I" is the first of three autonomous interludes on the album, each providing somewhat of a break from the distinct sounds of the rest of the tracks. The first interlude initially reminded me of Devon-based singing group Fisherman's Friends, with folky a cappella harmonies. The short interim showed off the unique vocal sounds of the band's singers, introducing the listeners to the singing style that would follow. The album only really gets going at track three, "Tessellate", which the band have recently announced as their next single. "Tessellate" is by far my personal favourite on the album, which I'm sure will achieve great success in many singles charts on its release and is already on BBC Radio 1's A-List playlist. The song is catchy yet unique, with tinny, syncopated drum beats and folk sounding indie vocals. The dynamic variety between up-beat and intensely quiet sections only adds to the tracks likeability.
The following track "Breezeblocks" could easily be another hit single with an incredibly catchy chorus and repetitive structure. Although having slightly grating backing vocals, the speed and intricacy of lead vocals makes the track not only listenable but also memorable; my bets would be on this as the single to be released after "Tessellate". The album takes another step back after these two catchy numbers with its second interlude; an atmospheric track involving only an acoustic guitar and background noise. The sounds of passing cars and chatter create images of someone sat outside a bustling café jamming on their guitar. I'm not too sure what, or if there is, a point to this track, but it's fairly quant nonetheless.
The next two tracks "something good" and "dissolve me" barely stand out from the crowd, although if either came on the radio they wouldn't exactly be switched off. Both tracks display the bands unique sound of folky lyrics, indie guitars and hip-hip inspired drum beats with some electronic key boards and piano solos thrown in for good measure. Although not among the stand-out tracks of the album, they move it along nicely, providing a listenable few minutes of indie music.
"Matilda" slows the album down a little, with what can only be described as Alt-J's take on a love song. The song cleverly uses simple lyrics and rhythm that raise links to many mainstream indie bands, particularly Mystery Jets, yet with Alt-J's usual edge. The following track "Ms" maintained this sedate quality with calm, howling vocals, a cappella harmonised chords and simple guitar riffs. This slower section of the album not only accentuates Alt-J's versatility but provides the listener with a more relaxed section mid-way through.
"Fitzpleasure" takes on a whole new sound that I would warily describe as mellow Dubstep or Drum and Bass. The track adds heavy electronics and a strong electric base to their usual sound, giving a different flavour, again showing the bands adaptability. The final interlude precedes this with simple piano chords and vocal 'oohs'; straightforward yet beautiful.
The final three tracks are a bit more experimental than the rest of the album; "bloodflood" introduces a modernised organ and the sounds of children talking, creating an eerie tone, "Taro" is a stunning piece of music, using vocals and a solo electric guitar. An Indian sounding stringed instrument is also used later in the song giving a multicultural extra to the track. The closing song, "Handmade" winds down the album, ironically starting with a woman saying 'are you sitting comfortably? Then we'll begin'. The slow track is a perfect close to the album, still displaying the bands talent yet bringing the unique set of tracks to an end.
Overall, the varied album is a great introduction to this up and coming band who I'm sure will go on to achieve great things. Their unique style and blend of folky vocals, electronic sound and hip-hop syncopated drum patterns are unlike anything or anyone else around right now. They've found themselves a perfect gap to fill!
Check them out via these links:


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Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd. Selects Intergraph® SmartPlant® Enterprise
HUNTSVILLE, Ala., Feb. 5, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd., one of Korea's foremost engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contractors for plant projects, has selected Intergraph ® SmartPlant ® Enterprise solutions, including SmartPlant 3D, SmartPlant Review and SmartPlant P&ID. The Korean EPC will use SmartPlant Enterprise in a global workshare environment and standardize its engineering processes using these solutions.
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Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd. has engineering teams worldwide and it sought to improve its work processes to facilitate global project execution. As part of its internal innovation process, the Korean EPC decided to establish a standard engineering platform for its power and water plant projects across the entire plant life cycle, from front-end engineering design through to detail engineering, manufacturing and construction. The company selected SmartPlant Enterprise because of its proven integration and interoperability capabilities across all project phases. Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd. has implemented SmartPlant Enterprise in global workshare mode, enabling seamless collaboration among its engineering, manufacturing and construction teams.
"We have used Intergraph solutions successfully for several years now and it was a natural step for us to establish our standardized engineering platform with SmartPlant Enterprise," said Younggeun Lee, engineering innovation team manager at Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd. "The integrated SmartPlant Enterprise environment will improve the consistency and accuracy of our engineering data, ensuring that our global teams can execute projects effectively using high-quality information."
Gerhard Sallinger, Intergraph Process, Power & Marine president, said, "We are pleased to strengthen our ongoing partnership with Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd. and support its vision of technology innovation. Intergraph's SmartPlant Enterprise will enable the Korean engineering company to improve and automate its work processes across the project life cycle, delivering increased safety, quality and productivity to its power and water plant projects." SmartPlant Enterprise offers a powerful portfolio of industry-leading, best-in-class design and data management solutions, enabling companies in the process, power and marine industries to capture integrated engineering knowledge at the enterprise level for the competitive advantage needed in today's and tomorrow's market. SmartPlant Enterprise's integrated suite of solutions enables proven productivity gains, improving engineering efficiency by up to 30 percent. This is why the majority of plants built worldwide are designed using Intergraph solutions.Check Out Our Best Services for Investors
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RICHARD STENGEL: Good evening. I want to welcome you. I'm Rick Stengel. I'm the editor of Time Magazine. And I'd like to welcome you to the council's History Makers Series, which is sponsored by Home Box Office, HBO. And I want to thank HBO and our good friend Richard Plepler for sponsoring this series.
The idea of the series is a -- is a fascinating one, which is to take a historical personage who will talk about a critical juncture in his or her life and how -- I think in the case of our speaker, changed the trajectory of history. And the -- (laughter) --
JAMES D. WOLFENSOHN: (Laughs.) That's a modest claim.
STENGEL: Well, I'm a big flatterer. (Laughter.)
And the -- I'm also the bad cop tonight, because I have to tell you if you have cell phones, turn them off. Don't even make them vibrate; just turn them off completely.
And I'm about to introduce our speaker. And about a half an hour from now, I think we'll have questions from the audience. So I'd like to introduce the great and good Jim Wolfensohn. And he most famously was a two-term president of the World Bank -- I believe only the third two-term president since the founding of it after World War II. He's also a man who was an extraordinary investment banker at a number of firms, and then later created his own firm.
But he's also a man with a -- with a very balanced life, much more so than some of us. I'm very envious in that way. He was an Olympic fencer for his native Australia. He also was famously chairman of Carnegie Hall and the Kennedy Center.
I think you're the only person who violated the old joke about how to get to Carnegie Hall --
WOLFENSOHN: Right.
STENGEL: -- practice, practice, practice. No, be the chairman of Carnegie Hall, and then you can play the cello in Carnegie Hall with Yo-Yo Ma, as Jim did. (Laughter.)
And after his stint of two terms at the World Bank -- you were the representative for the Quartet in Gaza, which we will talk a little bit now -- about now. And he -- and Jim's book, "A Global Life," I believe is for sale outside. And it's a very, very appropriate title because in reading the book, I ended up staying up way too late last night reading it.
In many ways, you're the prototype of the first sort of global citizen of the 20th century. You were born in the back of beyond in Australia. And in fact, the book opens with a wonderful anecdote that takes place on a farm outside of Sydney.
So to begin with, I'd just -- I'd love to start about with how you became this sort of visionary of globalization even before we had that word, and then what transformationally you've seen from those early days to sitting here at the council.
WOLFENSOHN: Well, thanks very much -- (inaudible). I'd like to be able to say at the age of 10 I really understood the significance of international banking and international business, but I didn't, of course. And what I was concerned about in those early days was getting through high school and getting through university, like anybody else.
But as I discovered when I finally got through university and became a lawyer and was looking then for a career -- and having come to study postgraduate at Harvard for a while, I went back to Australia. And it seemed to me that, having had the opportunity of coming to study in this country, that the way we were headed globally was for a very much more integrated international community, and that to live in that community in Australia would not have been the optimum place. I mean, it's a marvelous place to live and I adore it, but it is quite a distance away, and in those days it had 12 million people. So it was not exactly the center of the world, although a remarkable country.
But what was so, I think, extraordinary for someone like me was that I -- I came at a time when the jet started. When I made my first trip to the united States in a piston engine aircraft, in 1957, I flew back in a jet. There was no Internet. There was no connectivity of the type that we know today. The international financial markets had no eurodollar. There was no real coming together in the sense of the euromarkets. There was London and there was Frankfurt and there was the United States, but they were essentially domestic markets which serviced the international market.
And so I was lucky enough to grow up at a time when very much of these things was changing. And I recognized -- without, of course, being able to predict where it was going, I recognized that there was a real opportunity to participate at an international level as distinct from a national level. And I became one of those very privileged people who grew up and helped develop some of these markets.
It was accidental, really, but it was a very interesting moment, one that this audience has lived through. But we very often forget just how 50 years ago it was a series of national markets, with a few internationally-minded bankers, has become today an integrated global market, and all in the space of 50 years.
STENGEL: In fact, we'll get to this about the World Bank in a moment, but it seems like you always wanted to get out of the office, unlike bankers who sort of wanted to stay in the office.
WOLFENSOHN: Well, that is true, but that was the other aspect that I was very fortunate to be able to do, was that when I came overseas, particularly when I came to New York, I had the great privilege of catching the eye of David Rockefeller, who has become a revered friend of mine, and David told me, when I came to New York to run a small bank here, that the important thing to do was to become involved in the community.
And he told me I should try and rescue the customs house. Well, I had no idea what the customs house was, but I said, yes, David, of course I would love to do that. And then he said, well, and I'll put together a little board for you, and it will be myself and John Loeb and Whitney Seymour and a group of people that were just somewhere in the stratosphere, so far as I was concerned. And he said, we'll make you chairman of it. And I thought, well, that was pretty egalitarian of him to put me in that job.
It was typical of David, but it was more typical of this country. The remarkable thing about the United States -- different from England and even different from Australia, which didn't have that understanding of the linkage between private sector and public purpose -- the remarkable thing about this country and this very institution -- speaking in front of its leader here -- is such an institution which has grown up, which is publicly supported but which is involved in international issues; not directed by government, it is a private activity.
And one of the great things about the United States is that even to a young Australian, if you're prepared to get involved beyond your business and get involved in cultural or social or other activities, the United States is a unique place to do it. And that is how I realized that you could have sort of a double life. And they feed on each other, the business and nonbusiness lives. And they're not separate. They're unified.
And so I just have become a tremendous fan of this country. Obviously I live here, and my kids are American and all that. I even have an American wife, I'm happy to say -- (soft laughter) -- although we've only been married nearly 50 years, but -- (chuckles) --- but it is -- it is true that what is unique, I think, about our country, this country, is its capacity to do both things, to be both professionally directed but also to take part in the broader community.
STENGEL: Let's talk about the public purpose years. In 1980 you were almost named president of the World Bank, and then Bill Clinton named you head of he World Bank in 1995. At that time there was a lot of criticism of the World Bank from NGOs and human rights organizations, and we'll get to the criticism from the other end as well.
But I'd love you to talk about how you found it and even to go back and talk a little bit, for those of us who are not that conversant with it, is -- you know, what is the real mission of the World Bank, going back to Bretton Woods and how you, I think, in a lot of ways tried to restore that original mission in a modern way?
WOLFENSOHN: Well, the Bank was started at the time of Bretton Woods, just after World War II. And its objective then was to be a bank for reconstruction and development, but it was focused on those countries which needed reconstruction after World War II. And they included Europe, and they included Japan, and they included countries that very quickly became recognized as industrial nations that could essentially look after themselves.
But in those early years and that perhaps early decade, the Bank played a very significant role. It put together the fast train in Japan, it -- many, many things that it did in Europe and in Asia.
But then -- I won't say it ran out of things to do. I suppose it could have continued to do that. But the board recognized that there was a whole new world emerging, which was the so-called developing world. And as I think everyone here knows, by the year 2000, we were dealing with the so-called rich world of a billion people and the developing world of 5 billion people. And the people in the rich world, who had the dominant shareholding in the Bank, decided that this would be their instrument to help the developing world, in addition to whatever aid they did directly. And so it mutated to be this type of institution.
And in the period over the last years, of course, that has changed too, because even some of those countries are now changing their role, the most obvious one being China. After World War II, China and India were less than 2 percent of the global GDP. Today it's perhaps 12, 14 percent of global GDP, and China is the number-two economic power in the world.
So it's changed, and we may get to this later, but the idea of the Bank is to try and deal with those countries where the financial work markets are less positive and where nonetheless there are a lot of people who need help. And so that's -- that was the Bank, and that was the institution that I came into in 1995.
But it was not an institution that was hugely popular with civil society. In fact I arrived in the year where the campaign was "50 years is enough," which was a very nice welcome. (Chuckles.) But I inherited the "50 years is enough," and somehow it became a little longer.
STENGEL: So let's talk, Jim, a little bit about the hallmarks of your tenure there, a couple of which we talked about before. But one is the sort of decentralization of the Bank and getting people out in the field. But another one that, you know, continues to this day is concern with corruption and reckoning with the fact that aid can sometimes be exploited by those people who are getting it. And you really became focused on that too.
WOLFENSOHN: Well, I thought that the first thing was -- within 10 days of getting to the Bank, Elaine and I went to Africa. And you didn't have to be a genius to recognize that the first country I went to was Mali and -- which was then the second poorest country in the world. And I went there feeling, you know, this is going to be terrible, until the Malian president told me that they used to have a kingdom that went from there through Africa, and that the place Timbuktu had a -- had a university in the 1500s. I had always heard the word Timbuktu as -- I thought it was a made-up word. My father would say, "Go to Timbuktu," and I thought that was, you know, something he'd made up. But I discovered there was a Timbuktu and I discovered that there was a culture and I discovered that it was a deep culture.
And -- but with 53 countries in Africa, as you know, many of them have not developed well. Many of them are led by people that have more personal motives than perhaps national motives, or at least an unbalanced personal motive, put it that way. And so when I went to Africa, I realized that, you know, here was a continent which today is close to a billion people, which by 2050 will have 2 billion people, which will be two-ninths of the world. And then they will have a per capita income of, let's say, $4,000 per capita at a time now that China and India will be 30(,000 dollars) to $40,000 per capita and we'll be 90(,000 dollars) to $100,000 per capita. And so I didn't know those numbers precisely then, but I did realize that here is a hunk of a billion people who needed help.
And then I discovered that there were other countries that needed help, in Latin America and in Asia, and that in those days, it looked as though China and India needed a lot of help. And in fact, they were the biggest clients of the Bank. We had lent them 3 (billion dollars) to $4 billion a year.
And so for this period of time, I had the recognition that, first of all, there were more countries than I knew existed; secondly, that the aid was being parceled out in very ineffective ways, far too many institutions, even NGOs, and that there was very little accountability. And I had discovered, after about a year, you didn't have to be a genius to see that there was a lot of corruption.
And the word "corruption" had never been used by a Bank president in a speech --
STENGEL: Hmm.
WOLFENSOHN: -- until that time. And I started to write my second annual meeting speech. And the general counsel came to me, a wonderful man, an Egyptian, and he said: Come out of your office. I have to talk to you.
So I went out of my office and we went into this sort of -- into a room not dissimilar to this and went over in the corner and he said: You cannot use the "c word."
STENGEL: (Chuckles.)
WOLFENSOHN: And I said: What the hell is the "c word"?
He said: Corruption.
And I said: Why can't you use the "c word"?
And he said: Well, perhaps a third of your members of your board represent countries that are corrupt -- (chuckles) -- and if you take them on, that's not perhaps the easiest thing to be talking about at the annual meeting.
So I made a speech about the cancer of corruption. And what was interesting was, that six months later, every one of my directors made a speech about corruption -- (chuckles) -- saying, it's not us, it's them. But it was one of those things which broke the glass, if you like. This nicely contained institution where it was doing projects, money was being stolen, there was -- there was certainly some very effective work being done. But I think I had the opportunity and the great privilege and many colleagues who backed me up in saying, let's open this up and judge it by its effectiveness as distinct from just the amount of money that we possess.
STENGEL: Well, let's talk about the effectiveness of aid. I mean, that's a debate that is going on now, and I think we'll get to that in a few minutes. But your concentration in areas like Africa, in the Middle East to try to rectify the imbalance, you know, the disequity in income and all of that, they're -- they are still places on the planet that are way behind: what -- I mean, if you look back now and you think, well, how would I have done it differently in places like Africa and the Middle East?
WOLFENSOHN: I think the most important thing I did -- (clears throat) -- excuse me -- in that context was to take the decision-making away from Washington and London or Geneva where we used to have the meetings and insist that when we were coming up with the plans for the countries, it would be done in the countries themselves.
And I also insisted that the representatives of the Bank, the vice presidents, all had to spend time in the field so that that they knew the countries in which they were operating.
And you didn't have to be a genius to see that, because what you really needed to do was not to sort of send money by check. You needed to embrace the communities in which you are operating and make them accountable for what it was that was being done. And more than that, you wanted them to suggest what should be done, and you wanted them to participate in the proposals and in the decision-making so that you can have some measure of accountability, and more than that, so that you could have civil society with you.
I remember my very first meetings in Africa with civil society. And they refused to meet with me publicly. The first meeting I had they were -- came up the back stairs of the hotel into my room because they didn't want to be seen with me. And they didn't want anyone to know that they were consorting with the president of the World Bank. And that was of course lunatic because the people in civil society knew a hell of a lot more about many of the issues than we did.
And so it was -- you didn't have to be a genius to see the need to bring this together. But it wasn't easy because there were many prototypes that people had. And in particular about the Bank, they thought the Bank was this big organization that didn't have a clue, had people from Washington who didn't understand what was going on, had no sensitivity to the local environment. And so I think if I did anything, it was to change that.
And it was also to say that if you're trying to bring a country along, it's not just in a project. You have to deal with trying to bring a comprehensive program, train the people and get the younger people with education so that they can deal with this. If you're putting up schools, recognize that you have to have roads to get to them. If there are women that you want to get there, then you have to have toilets for women, that you have to deal with the family structure so that the women can get away. And the moment you've dug into these things, you realize that you didn't solve the issues of development by a single project. You needed something that would envelop the society, that would allow you to have a comprehensive approach and that that, you couldn't do sitting at a desk in Washington. That had to be a societal movement that you could encourage, but it was not going to be successful unless the society led it. And so that worked in many countries. In other countries, there were leaders who had different views and who were basically on the take. And that was tough.
STENGEL: And what happened in those circumstances? Would you cut off aid? How would you --
WOLFENSOHN: In the end, that's exactly what we did do. We've -- we tried to pin down where aid was stolen, confront the local management or the local government, and then cut it off. But I must tell you that that is not very easy to do because you have a lot of political forces which then line up against you from some of the bigger countries who will come and say you can't do something in this country. If you've got a country in French Africa, it wasn't surprising if you got a call from Paris. I'm not saying that specifically, but it's the sort of thing that you did.
So being president of the World Bank, you also discover that you're not president of the world. You're an employee of a lot of governments. And it keeps you down to earth a bit. But the wonderful thing about it is that they, the leaders, can spend so little time on the Bank that the leadership in the Bank has a pretty interesting instrument to play with.
STENGEL: I wonder if you'd navigate for us this -- the debate about development aid that has been occurring over the last few years. Bill Easterly, who's a former member of the -- of the World Bank, and people like Dambisa Moyo are saying on the one hand, aid actually doesn't help the people it's designed to. It either corrupts them or emasculates them.
On the other hand, folks like Jeff Sachs who say the problem is, is that we don't give enough aid. Where do you fall in that argument? And I'm sorry I've oversimplified --
WOLFENSOHN: No, no, no. Well, I'm glad you have. But I think -- I think the important thing which I was referring to and which I think is critical is that the responsible party should not be the World Bank or the African Development Bank or the donor.
The responsible party has to be local. You have to make it available to a local management team or group that consists not just of the local government, but of the local government and civil society; and, by the way, private sector, which is crucially important in terms of bringing this along.
And for me, the -- it was just too easy for some of the critics to say, well, let's just shoot the bank. I don't get paid by them anymore, so I -- I get a pension, so I suppose I should be very sensitive to them. But the critical thing is that there are 10,000 people in the bank. And of that 10,000 people, there are many thousands who have devoted their lives to development and who really are perhaps the most experienced people on everything from education to health care to putting in drains to building schools to building roads.
And the notion that you would just say, just wipe them out, is to me, I think, a very trivial and really not very substantial commentary. I know Bill Easterly (sp) says it, and a few others do say it.
I would say that the important thing is to make that group effective. To just say wipe it out and let it all go, I think, is frivolous. But I do think that some of the criticisms of projects being badly run, of money being lost or stolen, and ineffective development, are valid, which is why we started a decade ago a group that would come in inside the bank and review project; and not only review projects that they chose but be open to outsiders in the countries themselves who would say, we think that project is lousy. And they would file a complaint with this group. And that group would send them to do a study to look at it and do a report on it.
So I'm not saying it's perfect, but we don't have that in our government here in the United States. It might be a good idea, but it doesn't -- it doesn't happen. But at least we tried to do it.
STENGEL: You know, it was quite stunning when you mentioned a couple of answers ago that when you started at the World Bank, China and India were the two largest recipients. One of the issues now for the World Bank is the role of China as a development bank itself. The World Bank gives away, I think --
WOLFENSOHN: Thirty (billion dollars) or 40 billion (dollars).
STENGEL: Thirty (billion dollars) or 40 billion (dollars). And that's now lunch money for the Chinese government. So if you're -- if you're a mineral-rich country or a developing nation that has some resources, you could go to China and get enormous loans for, I assume, a smaller rate and with fewer strings attached than you can with the World Bank. What does that to the role --
WOLFENSOHN: That is -- that is actually not quite true. What both China and India have done some five years ago, the Chinese convened the very first meeting of developing country heads of state in Beijing. At the same time, there were 400 businessmen went to Delhi. They arranged between themselves that they'd have a private-sector group in Delhi and they would have the leadership in Beijing. And these were very effective meetings.
But the amount of money which they then indicated that they were going to put up for development aid was $10 billion from the Chinese and somewhat less, actually, from the Indians. Where the Chinese have huge amounts of money is for both industrial projects and for natural resource development. But it rarely comes as a free gift. It is tied to the control of the resources. And, in fact, if you go to Africa now -- and I've just had another trip there because I keep it -- there are now 750,000 ethnic Chinese living in Africa. And the interesting thing is that when you see a road being built, it's not being built by Africans; it's being built by Chinese.
And so in terms of bringing about the development or the passing on of capacity, it really isn't happening in the way that I believe it should. And that is, I think, characteristic. It doesn't mean that they're not doing a terrific job and lending money and helping. I think they are. But there is always a motive to it. And even if you look at the projects, which the Chinese have been engaged in, they're either projects which are utilizing their skills, which are great; but before that happened, it was usually the house for the president and it was a sports stadium and it was a few things that were always identified with China.
What has happened since China moved from being the largest borrowing country now to have 2-1/2 trillion or more reserves is that that is swinging around and China is now the second-largest economy in the world.
And what will happen, I think, in institutions like the Bank and the Fund, is that whereas previously it was assumed that there would be an American running the bank and maybe a European running the IMF, I have very little doubt that in the coming years that's going to be challenged significantly by these countries, who will demand both a greater sense of ownership but also a greater sense of leadership. And I think it's a good thing, actually.
STENGEL: I'd like to get back to the -- to the Jim Wolfensohn narrative for a second. How did the -- your second term come about? And what was -- it was -- it was unusual; not unprecedented. Was that something that -- you knew you wanted to serve again? Was the Clinton administration certain that they wanted to have you? How did that --
WOLFENSOHN: Well, President Clinton and I had -- I don't want to -- I don't want to enlarge my relationship with the president, but I did get to know him pretty well. And interestingly, Larry Summers, who had wanted the job when I got it, was then secretary of the Treasury. And so it was Larry that appointed me -- he advised the president -- to my second term. And that happened before the Republicans came in.
So President Bush inherited me -- I don't think terribly warmly, in terms of the Republican administration. And I used to go quite often to events at the White House; in the -- in the period of the Bush administration, I was never once invited. So I can only assume that they either forgot me or they were not terribly thrilled at that -- at my being there.
I was invited -- I did go there twice afterwards. One was for the retirement of Kofi Annan; the other was for the retirement of the Federal Reserve leader, Alan Greenspan. But I discovered subsequently I was on their list, not the White House's. (Laughs.)
So I don't think there was a tremendously close relationship. But what was then dramatic was that President Bush asked me to take on the Middle East, which I can only assume he couldn't get a Republican to do. (Laughter.)
STENGEL: Well, I'm glad you made the segue, because I was about to. Let's talk a little bit about the year that you spent working on Middle East policy, and particularly in Gaza. And your book is quite candid about the disappointments and your relationship with then-Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice. And again, going forward, I mean, obviously, a lot is happening in the Middle East at the moment. If you could --
WOLFENSOHN: Well, I had -- I had the privilege of working for the Quartet, which was the United States, Russia, the European Union and the United Nations. And that gave me a little bit of protection. And for a little more than a year, I was involved there at a time that there was a change in thinking. And, as you know, there was Arik Sharon in leadership, and there was a withdrawal from Gaza.
I had previously gotten to know the Arab world very, very well in my 10 years at the Bank, and I would say got to know Arafat particularly well. Indeed, he came -- the only private home he had dinner in in Washington was at our place. And my wife didn't forgive me for some time. But anyway, she did eventually.
But I had the -- I had this great opportunity of working with the Arabs during my period at the Bank and built, I think, a pretty substantial relationship with them. So that was a help.
Where I was in trouble was with the Israelis, because the Israelis had a direct relationship with Condi -- Condoleezza -- the secretary of state. And they really didn't want any outsider in that, because it was a direct relationship between the Israelis and the United States. And really, the Quartet was something that was around there that was not intended, I believe, to be anything very substantial.
I managed, however, to build a pretty good relationship with Arik Sharon, and I was there at the time of the withdrawal from Gaza. And so I became very much involved in that, because we were also concerned with development of Gaza. And so we did a number of things in terms of preparing Gaza for the period after the withdrawal, and I think they were very useful.
And then a couple of things happened. First of all, Arik Sharon had one stroke and then a second one, from which he's still not recovered; and the Palestinian leadership also changed. And so I was there during this period.
And then in the end, the United States decided that we should close the office. And I had no idea why we should close the office, so I fought it, but we did. I guess it was in May-June. And apparently, the reason was that there was going to be an invasion by the Palestinians in West Bank and -- to take over Gaza. It lasted less than 24 hours, but our office was then closed.
And they then asked me back to do the job. And for various reasons, I decided that it probably wasn't a very good idea, and Tony Blair took the job. And he doesn't spend -- he doesn't spend a lot of time on it, put it that way. (Laughter.)
STENGEL: Yes. You're being very discreet now.
Question time from members. Please -- there's a microphone that will pass around -- please identify yourself and your affiliation. The thing I forgot to mention at the beginning: This is all on the record, so you can ask anything you want. Questions, please.
The gentleman right here in the third row.
QUESTIONER: Thank you. Tony Walton, Standard Chartered Bank. So, Jim, as you look at what's been happening in the last 10 days in Tunisia, Egypt, is this going to be contained? Is it going to spread? And if it's going to spread, how is it going to spread and where?
WOLFENSOHN: Well, I'm very sorry that I missed the head of the Council on Foreign Relations this morning, who was for an hour and a half on television, as I know, because I would have then been able to answer this more effectively. (Laughter.)
But it does very much seem that the issues which I've actually been involved in since I left the Bank, which are the issues of Arab youth particularly, are now coming to the fore in a very real way. If you know the numbers, there are 350 million or so Arabs in the region; 105 (million) to 110 million of those are between the ages of 15 and 27 -- 29. They need roughly 5 million jobs a year; they're getting 2-1/2 (million) to 3 million jobs a year. Many of them are getting trained overseas, but essentially for the wrong professions. And at the lower end of the employment scale, labor is being brought in from outside the region.
So you have a buildup of many of the both privileged and those that have worked their way to get a job not having jobs. And a country in which there has been a divisive element between those that are in and those that are out was Egypt -- is Egypt -- but it is true in other parts of the region. And you can go through the region, and there are obviously many differences between the countries in terms of their population component and the number of foreigners that are there, but if you take -- if you take Jordan, for example, the majority of people probably are Palestinians, which doesn't help in terms of stability.
So the region is ready for an expression of disaffection, particularly by this young group. And behind the 105-110 million, there are probably 110 (million) to 120 million under the age of 15. So you have this huge young population. And I wish I'd heard our leader this morning, to see whether anything I'm saying is correct or not; but anyway, it's what I -- it's what I -- what I believe to be a fundamental problem. And I think that goes across the region.
The other thing which is fascinating is that whereas once the young people that were going abroad were young Egyptians or young Saudis or young something else, when they go overseas they're all members of the Arab group: the Arab Club. And they're all linked together by Internet, so that the linkage is not just national, going back and seeing your friends; the linkage today is transnational, it is pan-Arab, and it is facilitated by technology. So you have a group which is feeding ideas to each other which is no longer just a group of nationals that come back and are from privileged families. This is the group that is now growing every year, and in many cases are frustrated by not having work.
So, my own belief is that this is likely to spread. I don't know with what pace it spreads, and I'm sure that there will be conditions put in the way of it by governments and by many military or other ways of trying to buy it off. But I think the genie is out of the bottle, and it's unlikely that you're going to see it put back in very quickly.
I wish I had heard you this morning.
STENGEL: Yes. Right over here on the third row on this side.
QUESTIONER: Thank you. Thank you very much. Muhesh Kotescha (ph). Mr. Wolfensohn, it's great to hear you again talk about the World Bank. My question is regarding your experience over the 10 years you were there coming as a private banker. As you know, private markets have a lot of money that is going to emerging markets. The World Bank is no longer the game in town, as it were, for money itself. So the role of the Bank, it would seem to me, is greater in risk mitigation, in facilitating investments and advisory activities and less in providing funding. Yet MIGA has a capital of 1 billion (dollars), whereas World Bank has a capital of 190 billion (dollars).
Could you -- and when investors are asked, foreign direct investors, why is it that -- was is the greatest concern, it's political risk. Yet political risk entrenches the seventh solution that they seek. What is your recommendation? What is your thought regarding the role of the World Bank as a provider of capital, versus a facilitator of capital from the private sector?
WOLFENSOHN: Well, I think that for a number of years, until two and a half years ago, it was generally thought that, first of all, the IMF would go out of business. They were reducing their staff by a third. Dominique Strauss-Khan was cutting it back because they had very few borrowers. And the World Bank also thought along the lines that you were describing, although I think they always felt that there was a ton of work to be done in the less privileged countries, particularly in Africa and in certain countries in Asia and certain countries in Latin America.
But some two and a half years ago, that changed. And Dominique Strauss-Kahn then became at the center of the stability of the international system for the IMF. And the World Bank loaned, from one year to the next, I think, two or three times what it had in the previous year, because there was the demand. There was also a great demand in the private-sector areas of the IFC, as I'm sure you're aware, the International Finance Corporation (on ?) the Bank, and a growth in MIGA.
But MIGA has never really taken off, I think, in the sense that you're describing, that it could guarantee the loans of all these doubtful countries. People don't think of insurance in the way that you might think that they might. I'm sure that over the years it will grow, but people are not prepared to pay the premiums so much as perhaps they might. I think the more important thing is not MIGA, I think it is what is happening in the global markets. And there I would say that, at least for now, the IMF and the World Bank are back and active. And the regional development banks, of which there are many, are also back and active. So even though China has a lot of money and India has a growing amount of money and Japan has the second-largest amount of money and there are big pools of capital, I think still you require some expertise. And so I would be very surprised if those institutions went out of business.
STENGEL: Yes. All the way back there.
QUESTIONER: Hi, Jim. Jim Zirin. I thought perhaps you could amplify for us a little bit your view of the role of the social media among Arab youth in the Arab world.
Do you see it more as a vehicle for politicization of youth who were never involved in politics before, or do you see it as a platform for mobilization of dissidents who want to communicate with one another in protest, or do you see it as a means of repressive regimes perhaps cracking down on dissidents because they can tell who it is that's communicating on the Internet?
WOLFENSOHN: Well, I think, personally -- and I just -- a couple of months ago I made a speech at a couple of the Arab universities and had an opportunity to talk to some of the young students and their professors. It seems to me that the Internet has -- which is pretty free in most of the Middle East -- has made a dramatic change in terms of opportunity for both exchange of ideas and the mobilization of forces.
Now, even six months ago I think it was generally thought that the strong regimes would be able to keep this thing under control. And I think the strong regimes thought they could keep it under control. But what has happened now in Egypt, I think, is a bellwether for what is likely to happen in many other countries in the region, and I think it's going to be youth-led.
I don't doubt that there are extremist organizations that may benefit or may even provoke a lot of these things, but I think that the Egyptian thing is not being promoted by radical Islam, it's being promoted by young people who feel that the deal that is being offered to them is not the deal that they want for the future: that they cannot be a modern country, that they cannot be enfranchised, they cannot have the future that they want. And even wealthy families are now, as we were commenting before, encouraging their kids to go in the streets to be part of it.
So I think that there is a dramatic change occurring. We have to worry whether it will be taken over by radicals or by radical Islamic movements, but at the moment I think what's happening in Egypt does not indicate for the moment that that is the case. I hope it's not the case.
STENGEL: Yes, the young lady over there.
QUESTIONER: Diana Taylor, Wolfensohn and Company.
WOLFENSOHN: Have you got the question I told you to ask, Diana? (Laughter.)
QUESTIONER: Yes, as a matter of fact I do. Why is that you're such a -- anyway.
Do you think that over the years, our government has had any viable alternatives to some of the regimes that we have supported in the Middle East?
WOLFENSOHN: Well, in hindsight, I think you'd have to say that we haven't always (met ?) as effectively as we might have. But we have had very different geopolitical background in terms of our decision making. And I think if you look at the situation we're now in in Egypt, as an example, and we may well find in other countries where we have very strong identity and strong relationships, that some of the young people are going to come out and say, why the hell was the United States not there earlier helping us to try and get rid of this corrupt regime? My guess is that we're going to hear quite a lot of that.
And my guess also is that you'll hear some people from radical Islam using it as a -- as a argument about why the United States has not shown the judgment that perhaps it should have.
So I think you'll get it at two levels. I think you might get it at the level of the youth, with, I think, likely substantial political change emerging and saying, why didn't you stand up earlier, why didn't you bring out your dramatic ideas earlier, why did you back these corrupt people? But I also think that in the debate with the stronger Islamic movements, you're also likely to hear some voices about what the United States did and didn't do.
So I think we're in for a pretty difficult period. I hope very much that it will go moderately, and I hope that young people will be enfranchised and I hope governments will be moderate. But I'm not sure that that will occur everywhere.
I wish I'd heard our leader this morning. I would know all the answers to these questions. (Laughter.) Why don't you come up here and give a 10-minute lecture? (Laughs.)
STENGEL: If I could follow up on that question, I mean, can the organizations like the World Bank and the IMF work more closely, for example, with the U.S. government to figure out a policy to, you know, help the reformers rather than the -- than the thugs?
WOLFENSOHN: I think that would be quite difficult if it were perceived that any individual government, be it the United States or the Russians or the Chinese, were trying to use the Bank as an instrument of their policy. In fact, I think it would be impossible, because there are 24 directors of the Bank representing the 180-plus countries.
And I think if they smelled any sort of political influence coming in, you would have an instant reaction, and probably also from the countries that you're trying to impact -- from their representatives. I'm not saying it's an egalitarian institution, but I am saying that it is a representative institution, which means that anybody can put forward their views.
So I would think that it would be unlikely to happen. And I also think it will be very bad if it could happen, because I don't think the personnel of the Bank, first of all, are very skilled in that. Bob Zoellick may be one of the few people -- who's the current president of the Bank, because he came out of State Department and has a distinguished career -- Bob might be ready to do it, but I think it will be very rare.
The other thing is that you have three vice -- three managing directors of the Bank now. One comes from Nigeria, one comes from the Arab world, and one comes from Indonesia. They're the three managing directors. You would have thought they'd be American or British or something, but the whole weight of the institution has changed, and I think very -- I think very positively so both in terms of the number of the people and also in terms of gender. Two of the managing directors are women, out of three, which is, I think, also very good.
STENGEL: And isn't the chief economist now Chinese?
WOLFENSOHN: Chief economist is Chinese, exactly. And the number-two or number-three person at the IMF is Chinese.
So you have -- reality is descending upon these institutions. And I think the next time that the issue of leadership emerges, you'll have a very different debate.
STENGEL: More questions. Yes, sir, right here.
QUESTIONER: Jim, looking into the future on world economic and financial policy and matters, do you see China more as a competitor or as a partner or a mixture of both?
WOLFENSOHN: Well, I'm glad you raised that topic because I think -- in the period of my involvement or development in the financial world, I lived in a world from the '50s, which was first 90 percent in the G-20 or G-30, with the G-7 being perhaps 70 percent; to a period at the turn of the century when -- the year 2000, when it might have been, let's say 70-30, 70 percent of the world's income was with those rich countries and 30 percent was with the developing countries, which included China and India.
The projections are that by 2050, which is only a little less than 40 years away, that that 70 percent or the 60 percent that is now with the G-7, that 70 percent will be 35 percent -- 35 percent. China and India together will be 50 percent of the global GDP -- 50 percent. And remember that after World War II, they were less than 2 percent -- less than 2 percent.
So the less than 2 percent will grow to somewhere around 50 percent. And the global economy will be 65 percent in Asia -- 65 percent in Asia by 2050.
Now, let's assume I'm out by 10 years. Let's assume it's not 65 percent; it's 55 percent or 53 percent. It doesn't really matter. It is the direction which is so significant. The last time that happened was in 1815 when China and India were 50 percent of the global GDP; and before that in 1500, China and India were 50 percent of the global GDP.
But there is no question that that's the way we're moving. And in relation to our own country, which has -- for a period of my lifetime was the place first for manufacturing, then for services and then for intellectual development -- that has switched and has changed very dramatically. You now have 350,000 Chinese students studying abroad every year. You have nearly 350,000 Indians. You have 100,000 each -- from each country in the United States -- 100,000 each in the United States. We have 13,000 students in China and 3,100 in India, just to give you a sense of what's happening.
Thirty-five percent of Chinese students are studying scientific or technically related degrees. We have 5 percent. If you get invited to a graduation, as I try to go to one every year at some place or another, trying to get an honorary degree or something -- (laughter) -- you discover when you see the Ph.D. candidates standing up, it's highly visible. They're half of them -- they're at least, at least half are Asian.
And so I'm only making obvious points, but we move along without adequate recognition of this swing. And that's why I was very happy when the president talked about trying to strengthen again our own education systems and also, hopefully, trying to to keep some of these people who are studying here to stay here instead of going home. But I think we're being challenged in a dramatic way and the answer to your question -- (inaudible) -- is that we're seeing a move in the next 40 years the likes of which has not been seen for 200 years. And it's real. And it's real. And we're not preparing for this.
STENGEL: The woman there in the back.
QUESTIONER: Hi. (Name inaudible) -- with the U.N. Foundation. Just to follow up, you had mentioned your board of governors with these countries and you also had referenced the construction in Africa in the way the Chinese carry out development activities.
Do you think this trajectory that you're talking about is going to affect how we look at development and how the World Bank will change its -- or would it change its development approach?
WOLFENSOHN: Well, I hope it won't for the Bank because it's not an arm of any individual government, although 17 (percent) or 18 percent of its shares are owned by the United States. But what clearly is happening is that there are increased sources of funding for projects, and increased influences from individual countries, two of which, significantly, are China and India. And they have an advantage in some of the developing countries, and they have a significant interest in Africa for natural resources, in the case of India, historically, particularly in East Africa where there's a large Indian population, and now from nothing, 750,000 ethnic Chinese living in -- living in Africa. And that's in the space of less than a decade.
So I think it's pretty clear that it's changing. And the axis between Asia and Africa is very real, and to a lesser degree, from Brazil in terms of some trade with Africa and some modest investment. But Brazil is -- has its own issues in Latin America and a great future, I believe, ahead of it. But I think the axis that we need to be looking at on Africa is the China-India axis and it's being borne out, really, every day.
STENGEL: Over here, the gentleman in the third row.
QUESTIONER: Steve Buffone with the Gibson Dunn law firm. Do you think the leadership in Iran should view the events in Egypt as an opportunity or a threat?
WOLFENSOHN: I don't know, personally, many of the people in the leadership in Iran. If you read the press, you get both angles. You get the angle that this is of great interest to them in terms of dislocation of things that might otherwise go on in the Middle East. And you have another view that it can enfranchise the young people in Iran to change the government of the country. I'm not smart enough to know, to be honest.
I wish I could -- I wish I could answer it that this will liberate the young people in Iran and you will see a change. But I have great respect for the strength of the Iranian government. I don't say I respect it for the way it's done, but I have recognition of the strength of the Iranian government. And I hope it is a help, but I would be surprised if it happens next week.
STENGEL: Jim, I want to thank you on behalf of the council and the History Maker series sponsored by HBO for talking with us tonight. (Applause.)
WOLFENSOHN: Thank you very much.
STENGEL: You've had a global life, but you've also had a balanced one and a charmed one. So thank you so much.
WOLFENSOHN: Thank you very much. Thank you all very much. (Applause.)


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Thirteen Arrested in Miami in Massive Mafia Crackdown
The thirteen men arrested in Florida were charged with a dizzying array of crimes between them, including but not limited to extortion, firearm smuggling, credit card fraud, money laundering, and health care fraud.
Aram Khranyan, 41, of Sunny Isles Beach, was one of the highest profile arrests in Miami. According to the Department of Justice he "was the 'overseer' of the extortion conspiracies and maintains strong ties to Armenia and Russia."
Officials also claim he entered into a fake marriage with 35-year-old Mira Shatkhin, also of Sunny Isles, in order to obtain American citizenship.
In addition, Andranik Itchmelyan, 48, of Davie, Fla.; Gegam Kalashyan, 41, of Hallandale Beach, Fla.; and Vladimir Okun, 44, of Davie were charged with smuggling firearms.
Vladimir Okun; Andrey Schegolev, 49, of Hollywood, Fla; Harvey Lerfelt, 51 of North Miami Beach, Andranik Itchmelyan, 48; Anahit Karapetyan, 40 of Davie; and Frank Rodriguez, 52, of North Miami Beach, Fla. were charged with conspiracy to commit health care fraud. Through two separate clinics they billed private insurance companies for fraudulent procedures.
Follow Miami New Times on Facebook and Twitter @MiamiNewTimes.
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Welcome to Hertzlers
At Hertzlers we care about your needs and offer service with a smile. Our hands on experience with farming enables us to offer practical expertise and knowledge of our products. We have been serving Powhatan and surrounding counties since 1983.
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text: 500 pts Do You Want To Live on Mars? <KIT VIP Getty Images In an effort to colonize Mars, you can apply for a one-way trip. Would you want to move to Mars? Sign in to Participate Category: Q & A Ends: Monday June 17 at 3:01PM PDT Share on Facebook Share on Twitter More Leave a comment Send to a friend! Print this page Pin it! Reddit This! Share on Tumblr! More Ways To Get and Use Points Afternoon Word of the DayNoon Word of the DayMorning Word of the DayWin a ChromebookWin a $100 Visa Gift CardWin a $500 Apple Gift Card


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The Corin Tucker Band
Event: |
The Corin Tucker Band "A staggeringly talented musician, and taking a break from Sleater-Kinney has seemingly inspired her to audaciously push the boundaries of her sound."—Under the Radar Former Sleater-Kinney frontwoman Corin Tucker returns to her riot grrrl roots with band members Seth Lorinczi (Golden Bears), Sara Lund (Unwound), and Mike Clark (Stephen Malkmus and the Jicks) for the fast-approaching September 18 release Kill My Blues. Tucker and crew kick up the volume and the feminist punk attitude to fire up her fans with this follow-up to 1,000 Years, the group's critically acclaimed 2010 release. As Tucker says, "I think you can hear that sense of joy and abandon in the songs." Kill My Blues' advance track "Groundhog Day" already confirms this claim with its spirited, insistent wake-up call. Pay heed. |
Date and time: | October 3, 2012 9:00 PM |
Location: | Wexner Center Perfomance Space |
Contact: | Ticket Office |
Phone Number: | 614-292-3535 |
Event category: | Wexner Center |
Event Type: | Concert |