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Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Trailing edge modifications for flatback airfoils.
DOE Green Energy (OSTI)
The adoption of blunt trailing edge airfoils (also called flatback airfoils) for the inboard region of large wind turbine blades has been proposed. Blunt trailing edge airfoils would not only provide a number of structural benefits, such as increased structural volume and ease of fabrication and handling, but they have also been found to improve the lift characteristics of thick airfoils. Therefore, the incorporation of blunt trailing edge airfoils would allow blade designers to more freely address the structural demands without having to sacrifice aerodynamic performance. These airfoils do have the disadvantage of generating high levels of drag as a result of the low-pressure steady or periodic flow in the near-wake of the blunt trailing edge. Although for rotors, the drag penalty appears secondary to the lift enhancement produced by the blunt trailing edge, high drag levels are of concern in terms of the negative effect on the torque and power generated by the rotor. Hence, devices are sought that mitigate the drag of these airfoils. This report summarizes the literature on bluff body vortex shedding and bluff body drag reduction devices and proposes four devices for further study in the wind tunnel.
Kahn, Daniel L. (University of California, Davis, CA); van Dam, C.P. (University of California, Davis, CA); Berg, Dale E.
Partially turbulated trailing edge cooling passages for gas turbine nozzles
DOE Patents (OSTI)
A plurality of passages are spaced one from the other along the length of a trailing edge of a nozzle vane in a gas turbine. The passages lie in communication with a cavity in the vane for flowing cooling air from the cavity through the passages through the tip of the trailing edge into the hot gas path. Each passage is partially turbulated and includes ribs in an aft portion thereof to provide enhanced cooling effects adjacent the tip of the trailing edge. The major portions of the passages are smooth bore. By this arrangement, reduced temperature gradients across the trailing edge metal are provided. Additionally, the inlets to each of the passages have a restriction whereby a reduced magnitude of compressor bleed discharge air is utilized for trailing edge cooling purposes.
Thatcher, Jonathan Carl (Schenectady, NY); Burdgick, Steven Sebastian (Schenectady, NY)
Survey of techniques for reduction of wind turbine blade trailing edge noise.
Aerodynamic noise from wind turbine rotors leads to constraints in both rotor design and turbine siting. The primary source of aerodynamic noise on wind turbine rotors is the interaction of turbulent boundary layers on the blades with the blade trailing edges. This report surveys concepts that have been proposed for trailing edge noise reduction, with emphasis on concepts that have been tested at either sub-scale or full-scale. These concepts include trailing edge serrations, low-noise airfoil designs, trailing edge brushes, and porous trailing edges. The demonstrated noise reductions of these concepts are cited, along with their impacts on aerodynamic performance. An assessment is made of future research opportunities in trailing edge noise reduction for wind turbine rotors.
Barone, Matthew Franklin
Trailing edge noise theory for rotating blades in uniform flow
E-Print Network (OSTI)
This paper presents a new formulation for trailing edge noise radiation from rotating blades based on an analytical solution of the convective wave equation. It accounts for distributed loading and the effect of mean flow and spanwise wavenumber. A commonly used theory due to Schlinker and Amiet (1981) predicts trailing edge noise radiation from rotating blades. However, different versions of the theory exist; it is not known which version is the correct one and what the range of validity of the theory is. This paper addresses both questions by deriving Schlinker and Amiet's theory in a simple way and by comparing it to the new formulation, using model blade elements representative of a wind turbine, a cooling fan and an aircraft propeller. The correct form of Schlinker and Amiet's theory (1981) is identified. It is valid at high enough frequency, i.e. for a Helmholtz number relative to chord greater than one and a rotational frequency much smaller than the angular frequency of the noise sources.
Sinayoko, Samuel; Agarwal, Anurag
PRICE 9S. 6d. NETExperiments Concerning the Effect of Trailing, Edge Thickness on Blade Loss and
Theoretical assessments of the influence of trailing-edge thickness on turbine blade loss coefficients are reviewed and compared with the results of a cascade tunnel investigation. Tests on a single-stage turbine indicate that efficiency is much more sensitive to stator blade trailing-edge thickness than simple estimates woul d indicate, but rotor blade thickness effects on efficiency are in line with simple prediction.
Turbine Stage Efficiency; I. H. Johnston; D. C. Dransfield; D. J. Fullbrook; Turbine Stage Efficiency; I. H. Johnston; D. C. Dransfield; D. J. Fullbrook
Heat transfer in leading and trailing edge cooling channels of the gas turbine blade under high rotation numbers
The gas turbine blade/vane internal cooling is achieved by circulating the compressed air through the cooling passages inside the turbine blade. Leading edge and trailing edge of the turbine blade are two critical regions which need to be properly cooled. Leading edge region receives extremely hot mainstream flow and high heat transfer enhancement is required. Trailing edge region usually has narrow shaped geometry and applicable cooling techniques are restricted. Heat transfer will be investigated in the leading edge and trailing edge cooling channels at high rotation numbers close to the engine condition. Heat transfer and pressure drop has been investigated in an equilateral triangular channel (Dh=1.83cm) to simulate the cooling channel near the leading edge of the gas turbine blade. Three different rib configurations (45�, inverted 45�, and 90�) were tested at four different Reynolds numbers (10000-40000), each with five different rotational speeds (0-400 rpm). By varying the Reynolds numbers (10000-40000) and the rotational speeds (0-400 rpm), the rotation number and buoyancy parameter reached in this study were 0-0.58 and 0-2.3, respectively. 45� angled ribs show the highest thermal performance at stationary condition. 90� ribs have the highest thermal performance at the highest rotation number of 0.58. Heat transfer coefficients are also experimentally measured in a wedge-shaped cooling channel (Dh =2.22cm, Ac=7.62cm2) to model an internal cooling passage near the trailing edge of a gas turbine blade where the coolant discharges through the slot to the mainstream flow. Tapered ribs are put on the leading and trailing surfaces with an angle of attack of 45�. The ribs are parallel with staggered arrangement on opposite walls. The inlet Reynolds number of the coolant varies from 10,000 to 40,000 and the rotational speeds varies from 0 to 500 rpm. The inlet rotation number is from 0 - 1.0. The local rotation number and buoyancy parameter are determined by the rotational speeds and the local Reynolds number at each region. Results show that heat transfer is high near the regions where strong slot ejection exists. Both the rotation number and buoyancy parameter have been correlated to predict the rotational heat transfer enhancement.
Liu, Yao-Hsien
SciTech Connect
Following two years of complete occultation of both stars in the binary T Tauri star KH 15D by its opaque circumbinary ring, KH 15D has abruptly brightened again during apastron phases, reaching I = 15 mag. Here, we show that the brightening is accompanied by a change in spectral class from K6/K7 (the spectral class of star A) to {approx}K1, and a bluing of the system in V - I by about 0.3 mag. A radial velocity measurement confirms that, at apastron, we are now seeing direct light from star B, which is more luminous and of earlier spectral class than star A. Evidently, the trailing edge of the occulting screen has just become tangent to one anse of star B's projected orbit. This confirms a prediction of the precession models, supports the view that the tilted ring is self-gravitating, and ushers in a new era of the system's evolution that should be accompanied by the same kind of dramatic phenomena observed from 1995 to 2009. It also promotes KH 15D from a single-lined to a double-lined eclipsing binary, greatly enhancing its value for testing pre-main-sequence models. The results of our study strengthen the case for truncation of the outer ring at around 4 AU by a sub-stellar object such as an extremely young giant planet. The system is currently at an optimal configuration for detecting the putative planet and we urge expedient follow-up observations.
Capelo, Holly L.; Herbst, William [Astronomy Department, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06459 (United States); Leggett, S. K. [Gemini Observatory, Northern Operations Center, 670 N. A'ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720 (United States); Hamilton, Catrina M. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dickinson College, Carlisle, PA 17013 (United States); Johnson, John A. [Department of Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States)
Extending the Model of KH 15D: Estimating the Effects of Forward Scattering and Curvature of the Occulting Ring Edge
The periodic eclipses of the pre-main-sequence binary, KH 15D, have been explained by a circumbinary dust ring inclined to the orbital plane, which causes occultations of the stars as they pass behind the ring edge. We compute the extinction and forward scattering of light by the edge of the dust ring to explain (1) the gradual slope directly preceding total eclipse, (2) the gradual decline at the end of ingress, and (3) the slight rise in flux at mid-eclipse. The size of the forward scattering halo indicates that the dust grains have a radius of a ~ 6 (D/3 AU) microns, where D is the distance of the edge of the ring from the system barycenter. This dust size estimate agrees well with estimates of the dust grain size from polarimetry, adding to the evidence that the ring lies at several AU. Finally, the ratio of the fluxes inside and outside eclipse independently indicates that the ring lies at a few astronomical units.
D. W. Silvia; E. Agol
Trails Working Group
NLE Websites -- All DOE Office Websites (Extended Search)
Trails Working Group Trails Working Group Trails Working Group Our mission is to inventory, map, and prepare historical reports on the many trails used at LANL. Contact Environmental Communication & Public Involvement P.O. Box 1663 MS M996 Los Alamos, NM 87545 (505) 667-0216 Email The LANL Trails Working Group inventories, maps, and prepares historical reports on the many trails used at LANL. Some of these trails are ancient pueblo footpaths that continue to be used for recreational hiking today. Some serve as quiet and non-motorized alternatives between the Townsite and LANL or between technical areas. The Trails Working Group, established in December 2003, includes representatives from local citizen hiking groups, Los Alamos County, Forest Service, Park Service, Los Alamos National Laboratory and the NNSA Los
Fermilab - Prairie Interpretive Trail
Prairie Interpretive Trail In some areas of the Midwest, among them Fermilab, efforts have begun to retrieve some of the awesome beauty of the native tallgrass prairies, as well as...
Old Sauk Trail
Sauk Trail Sauk Trail Nature Bulletin No. 436-A December 4, 1971 Forest Preserve District of Cook County George W. Dunne, President Roland F. Eisenbeis, Supt. of Conservation OLD SAUK TRAIL Sauk Trail Road crosses the extreme southern part of Cook County. From Richton Park it runs due west on a section line to Harlem Ave. and then, in Will County, angles slightly northwest to Frankfort. From Richton Park easterly to Dyer, Indiana, where it joins the Lincoln Highway (U.S. 30), it is different from most roads in this region. This appears to be a narrow winding survivor from the horse-and-buggy days. Actually, it is a remnant of the famous Great Sauk Trail. Originally, the Sauk Trail ran easterly across Illinois from Rock Island to the Illinois River at about where Peru is now, paralleled the north bank of that river to Joliet, and thence easterly to Valparaiso, Indiana. From there it angled northeasterly to LaPorte and on across southern Michigan -- passing through or near Niles, Three Rivers, Jonesville, Clinton and Ypsilanti -- to Detroit.
free edge
Science Conference Proceedings (OSTI)
NIST. free edge. (definition). Definition: An edge which is not in a matching. See also matched edge, free vertex. Author: PEB. ...
Pioneer Trail | Open Energy Information
Open Energy Info (EERE)
Trail Trail Jump to: navigation, search Name Pioneer Trail Facility Pioneer Trail Sector Wind energy Facility Type Commercial Scale Wind Facility Status In Service Owner E.ON Climate & Renewables North America Developer E.ON Climate & Renewables North America Energy Purchaser Prairie Power Inc / Wabash Valley / SIPC Location Paxton IL Coordinates 40.46490704°, -88.05434704° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":40.46490704,"lon":-88.05434704,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
TWP Island Cloud Trail Studies
Pacific Island Cloud Trail Studies Pacific Island Cloud Trail Studies W. M. Porch Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico S. Winiecki University of Chicago Chicago, Illinois Introduction Images and surface temperature measurements from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Multi- spectral Thermal Imaging (MTI) satellite are combined with geostationary meteorological satellite (GMS) images during 2000 and 2001 to better understand cloud trail formation characteristics from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Tropical Western Pacific (TWP) site. Figure 1 shows a comparison on two consecutive days in December 2000. The day for which a cloud trail developed was more moist and cooler at the altitude the cloud developed (about 600 m) and there was very little
Settler's Trail | Open Energy Information
Settler's Trail Settler's Trail Jump to: navigation, search Name Settler's Trail Facility Settler's Trail Sector Wind energy Facility Type Commercial Scale Wind Facility Status In Service Owner E.ON Climate & Renewables North America Developer E.ON Climate & Renewables North America Energy Purchaser Merchant Location Sheldon IL Coordinates 40.7626336°, -87.54498482° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":40.7626336,"lon":-87.54498482,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Two Southern California Trade Trails
be about TWO SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA TRADE TRAILS cranes. WhenHowe 1885 History of California, Vol. 11, 1801-1824 (TheCompany. J O U R N A L OF CALIFORNIA A N D GREAT BASIN
Johnston, Francis J
Edge structure preserving image denoising
Image denoising is important in image analysis. It is often used for pre-processing images so that subsequent image analysis is more reliable. Besides noise removal, one important requirement for image denoising procedures is that they should preserve ... Keywords: Angles, Curvature, Edges, Jump-preserving surface estimation, Local smoothing, Nonparametric regression, Surface estimation
Peihua Qiu; Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
Wind turbine trailing-edge aerodynamic brake design
This report describes the design of a centrifugally actuated aerodynamic-overspeed device for a horizontal-axis wind turbine. The device will meet the following criteria; (1) It will be effective for airfoil angles of attack 0{degrees} to 45{degrees}. (2) It will be stowed inside the blade profile prior to deployment. (3) It will be capable of offsetting the positive torque produced by the overall blade. (4) Hinge moments will be minimized to lower actuator loads and cost. (5) It will be evaluated as a potential power modulating active rotor-control system. A literature review of aerodynamic braking devices was conducted. Information from the literature review was used to conceptualize the most effective devices for subsequent testing and design. Wind-tunnel test data for several braking devices are presented in this report. Using the data for the most promising configuration, a preliminary design was developed for a MICON 65/13 wind turbine with Phoenix 7.9-m rotor blades.
Quandt, G.
Accurate subpixel edge location based on partial area effect
The estimation of edge features, such as subpixel position, orientation, curvature and change in intensity at both sides of the edge, from the computation of the gradient vector in each pixel is usually inexact, even in ideal images. In this paper, we ... Keywords: Denoising, Edge detection, Subpixel accuracy
Agust�N Trujillo-Pino; Karl Krissian; Miguel Alem�N-Flores; Daniel Santana-Cedr�S
World class recreation complements cutting-edge science
World class recreation complements cutting-edge science World class recreation complements cutting-edge science World class recreation complements cutting-edge science Los Alamos employees enjoy access to a network of 100+ miles of high-quality trails, much of it within walking distance from key Lab facilities or from residents' front doors. April 3, 2012 Bikers (and LANL Postdocs) Brent and Pam in Los Alamos canyon riding hard on the trail Bikers (and LANL Postdocs) Brent and Pam in Los Alamos canyon riding hard on the trail. Hikers, mountain bikers, joggers, and dog walkers can wind through thick forest, cross deep canyons or meander along picturesque mesas within city limits. All work and no play makes J. Robert Oppenheimer a dull boy Perhaps the importance of a good quality of life is why Oppie insisted that
Google.org-Backed Potter Drilling Blazing Geothermal Trail |...
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)) Indexed Site
Other Agencies You are here Home Google.org-Backed Potter Drilling Blazing Geothermal Trail Google.org-Backed Potter Drilling Blazing Geothermal Trail September 22, 2010...
Single-Trail and Multi-Trail Laser-Sustained Plasma Nitriding of ...
The influence of off-focal distance, gas composition, sample translation speed, relative to the laser beam and coaxial plasma, and trail overlap percentage were �...
National Trail Biodiesel | Open Energy Information
National Trail Biodiesel National Trail Biodiesel Jump to: navigation, search Name National Trail Biodiesel Place Newton, Illinois Zip 62448 Product Owner of a planned 30m gallon per year biodiesel plant in Jasper County, Illinois. Coordinates 43.996685°, -87.803724° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":43.996685,"lon":-87.803724,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Trail: A Distance Sensitive WSN Service for Distributed Object ...
86. V. Kulathumani et al. To simplify our presentation, we first describe Trail in a 2 -d real plane. We then refine the Trail protocol to suitably implement in a dense�...
Trail Canyon Geothermal Project | Open Energy Information
Trail Canyon Geothermal Project Trail Canyon Geothermal Project Project Location Information Coordinates 38.325555555556°, -114.29388888889° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":38.325555555556,"lon":-114.29388888889,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Oregon Trail Wind Park | Open Energy Information
Wind Park Wind Park Jump to: navigation, search Name Oregon Trail Wind Park Facility Oregon Trail Wind Park Sector Wind energy Facility Type Commercial Scale Wind Facility Status In Service Owner Exergy Developer Exergy Energy Purchaser Idaho Power / Reunion Power Location Twin Falls County ID Coordinates 42.927683°, -114.919252° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":42.927683,"lon":-114.919252,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
On the collective curvature radiation
The paper deals with the one possible mechanism of the pulsar radio emission, i.e., with the collective curvature radiation of the relativistic particle stream moving along the curved magnetospheric magnetic field lines. It is shown that the electromagnetic wave containing one cylindrical harmonic exp{is{\\phi}} can not be radiated by the curvature radiation mechanism, that corresponds to radiation of a charged particle moving along curved magnetic field lines. The point is that the particle in vacuum radiates the triplex of harmonics (s, s \\pm 1), so for the collective curvature radiation the wave polarization is very important and cannot be fixed a priori. For this reason the polarization of real unstable waves must be determined directly from the solution of wave equations for the media. Its electromagnetic properties should be described by the dielectric permittivity tensor \\^{\\epsilon}({\\omega},k,r), that contains the information on the reaction on all possible types of radiation.
Istomin, Ya N; Beskin, V S
??This dissertation is a study of the values and meanings people attach to places and why exploring those values is important in trails and historic� (more)
Brownell, Lisa Rainey
A discrete curvature on a planar graph
Given a planar graph derived from a spherical, euclidean or hyperbolic tessellation, one can define a discrete curvature by combinatorial properties, which after embedding the graph in a compact 2d-manifold, becomes the Gaussian curvature.
M. Lorente
R:\Groups\ENVIRO\Work Requests\2010\Misc\100101_Eastshore Trail\100101_Eastshore Trail Construction CX.docx
R:\Groups\ENVIRO\Work Requests\2010\Misc\100101_Eastshore Trail\100101_Eastshore Trail Construction CX.docx R:\Groups\ENVIRO\Work Requests\2010\Misc\100101_Eastshore Trail\100101_Eastshore Trail Construction CX.docx Western Area Power Administration Sierra Nevada Region CATEGORICAL EXCLUSION (CX) DETERMINATION Project Number 100101 Integral Elements Project Title: Eastshore Trail Construction Category of Action: B4.9 Grant or denial of requests for multiple-use of a transmission facility rights-of-way, such as grazing permits and crossing agreements, including electric lines, water lines and drainage culverts. Regulatory Requirements for a Categorical Exclusion Determination: The Department of Energy (DOE), National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) Implementing Procedures, 10 CFR 1021.410(b) require the following determinations be made in order for a proposed action to be categorically excluded (see full text in
Thermodynamic curvature and black holes
I give a relatively broad survey of thermodynamic curvature $R$, one spanning results in fluids and solids, spin systems, and black hole thermodynamics. $R$ results from the thermodynamic information metric giving thermodynamic fluctuations. $R$ has a unique status in thermodynamics as being a geometric invariant, the same for any given thermodynamic state. In fluid and solid systems, the sign of $R$ indicates the character of microscopic interactions, repulsive or attractive. $|R|$ gives the average size of organized mesoscopic fluctuating structures. The broad generality of thermodynamic principles might lead one to believe the same for black hole thermodynamics. This paper explores this issue with a systematic tabulation of results in a number of cases.
Ruppeiner, George
George Ruppeiner
Timing discriminator using leading-edge extrapolation
A discriminator circuit to recover timing information from slow-rising pulses by means of an output trailing edge, a fixed time after the starting corner of the input pulse, which is nearly independent of risetime and threshold setting is described. This apparatus comprises means for comparing pulses with a threshold voltage; a capacitor to be charged at a certain rate when the input signal is one-third threshold voltage, and at a lower rate when the input signal is two-thirds threshold voltage; current-generating means for charging the capacitor; means for comparing voltage capacitor with a bias voltage; a flip-flop to be set when the input pulse reaches threshold voltage and reset when capacitor voltage reaches the bias voltage; and a clamping means for discharging the capacitor when the input signal returns below one-third threshold voltage.
Gottschalk, B.
A discriminator circuit to recover timing information from slow-rising pulses by means of an output trailing edge, a fixed time after the starting corner of the input pulse, which is nearly independent of risetime and threshold setting. This apparatus comprises means for comparing pulses with a threshold voltage; a capacitor to be charged at a certain rate when the input signal is one-third threshold voltage, and at a lower rate when the input signal is two-thirds threshold voltage; current-generating means for charging the capacitor; means for comparing voltage capacitor with a bias voltage; a flip-flop to be set when the input pulse reaches threshold voltage and reset when capacitor voltage reaches the bias voltage; and a clamping means for discharging the capacitor when the input signal returns below one-third threshold voltage.
Gottschalk, Bernard (Palo Alto, CA)
Curvature Based Range Face Recognition Analysis Using ...
The authors analyzed the curvature on a human face to extract feature points ... Sahota et al. calculated coefficients of (1) by least square error fit, and calculated.
Experimental investigation of turbine blade platform film cooling and rotational effect on trailing edge internal cooling
The present work has been an experimental investigation to evaluate the applicability of gas turbine cooling technology. With the temperature of the mainstream gas entering the turbine elevated above the melting temperature of the metal components, these components must be cooled, so they can withstand prolonged exposure to the mainstream gas. Both external and internal cooling techniques have been studied as a means to increase the life of turbine components. Detailed film cooling effectiveness distributions have been obtained on the turbine blade platform with a variety of cooling configurations. Because the newly developed pressure sensitive paint (PSP) technique has proven to be the most suitable technique for measuring the film effectiveness, it was applied to a variety of platform seal configurations and discrete film flows. From the measurements it was shown advanced seals provide more uniform protection through the passage with less potential for ingestion of the hot mainstream gases into the engine cavity. In addition to protecting the outer surface of the turbine components, via film cooling, heat can also be removed from the components internally. Because the turbine blades are rotating within the engine, it is important to consider the effect of rotation on the heat transfer enhancement within the airfoil cooling channels. Through this experimental investigation, the heat transfer enhancement has been measured in narrow, rectangular channels with various turbulators. The present experimental investigation has shown the turbulators, coupled with the rotation induced Coriolis and buoyancy forces, result in non-uniform levels of heat transfer enhancement in the cooling channels. Advanced turbulator configurations can be used to provide increased heat transfer enhancement. Although these designs result in increased frictional losses, the benefit of the heat transfer enhancement outweighs the frictional losses.
Wright, Lesley Mae
Analyzing audit trails in the Aeolus security platform
This thesis presents the design and implementation of an analysis system for audit trails generated by Aeolus, a distributed security platform based on information flow control. Previous work focused on collecting these ...
Blankstein, Aaron (Aaron M.)
Automating Pro/Engineer Using Trail Files and External Programs
lisuop_lvl". 2. List AllFeat Utilities menu button. Buttoncommand sequence "Misc-Utilities-List Top Lvi" b. runs trailcommand sequence "Misc-Utilities-List AIIFeat" d. runs trail
Chow, K.
Oregon Trail Mushrooms Industrial Low Temperature Geothermal Facility |
Oregon Trail Mushrooms Industrial Low Temperature Geothermal Facility Oregon Trail Mushrooms Industrial Low Temperature Geothermal Facility Jump to: navigation, search Name Oregon Trail Mushrooms Industrial Low Temperature Geothermal Facility Facility Oregon Trail Mushrooms Sector Geothermal energy Type Industrial Location Vale, Oregon Coordinates 43.9821055°, -117.2382311° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[]}
Principal curvatures from the integral invariant viewpoint
The extraction of curvature information for surfaces is a basic problem of Geometry Processing. Recently an integral invariant solution of this problem was presented, which is based on principal component analysis of local neighborhoods defined by kernel ... Keywords: Integral invariants, Principal curvatures, Robustness
Helmut Pottmann; Johannes Wallner; Yong-Liang Yang; Yu-Kun Lai; Shi-Min Hu
Neural Edge Enhancer for Supervised Edge Enhancement from Noisy Images
Abstract--We propose a new edge enhancer based on a modified multilayer neural network, which is called a neural edge enhancer (NEE), for enhancing the desired edges clearly from noisy images. The NEE is a supervised edge enhancer: Through training with ... Keywords: Supervised edge enhancer, noisy image, robustness, neural network, edge detection, contour extraction.
Kenji Suzuki; Isao Horiba; Noboru Sugie
Universal recursive formulas for Q-curvature
We discuss recursive formulas for Branson's Q-curvatures. The formulas present Q-curvatures of any order in terms of lower order Q-curvatures and lower order GJMS-operators. These presentations are universal in the sense that the recursive structure does not depend on the dimension of the underlying space. We give proofs for Q-curvatures of orders 4 and 6 for general metrics, and for order 8 for conformally flat metrics. The general case is conjectural. We display explicit formulas for Q-curvatures of order up to 16. The high order cases are tested for round spheres of even dimension and Einstein metrics. A part of the structure of the universal recursive formulas is described in terms of a generating function. The results rest on the theory of residue families.
Falk, Carsten
??Flame response on curvature is very important for understanding and predicting of both laminar and turbulent combustion. In this work, curvature effects on flames are� (more)
Wang, Peiyong
SRNL is Hot on the [Fungi] Trail | Department of Energy
SRNL is Hot on the [Fungi] Trail SRNL is Hot on the [Fungi] Trail SRNL is Hot on the [Fungi] Trail August 6, 2010 - 9:20am Addthis Elizabeth Meckes Elizabeth Meckes Director of User Experience & Digital Technologies, Office of Public Affairs "Mold research" is probably not the most glamorous sounding job out there. While some types of mold are good - cultured molds are used in food production and a variety of medications are derived from mold - many common household molds are your basic "gross" variety: not only a nuisance to clean up but hazardous to your health. Unfortunately, with recent national disasters and flooding events across the country, more and more families are dealing with these damaging molds on a regular basis - creating a need to identify the most toxic mold types, determine the best
Exact and interpolatory quadratures for curvature tensor estimation
The computation of the curvature of smooth surfaces has a long history in differential geometry and is essential for many geometric modeling applications such as feature detection. We present a novel approach to calculate the mean curvature from arbitrary ... Keywords: Convergence analysis, Curvature tensor, Discretization, Exact quadrature, Mean curvature
Torsten Langer; Alexander Belyaev; Hans-Peter Seidel
Electrical and Kinematic Structure of the Stratiform Precipitation Region Trailing an Oklahoma Squall Line
An electric field sounding through the transition zone precipitation minimum that trailed an Oklahoma squall line on 18 June 1987 provides information about the electrical structure within a midlatitude trailing stratiform cloud. A single-Doppler ...
Terry J. Schuur; W. David Rust; Bradley F. Smull; Thomas C. Marshall
Edges and linearization
This thesis is concerned with how grammar determines the phonological consequence of syntactic dislocation. It centers on a hypothesis regarding the linearization of movement chains - the Edge Condition on Copy Deletion, ...
Trinh, Tue H. (Tue Huu)
Strong curvature effects in Neumann wave problems
Waveguide phenomena play a major role in basic sciences and engineering. The Helmholtz equation is the governing equation for the electric field in electromagnetic wave propagation and the acoustic pressure in the study of pressure dynamics. The Schroedinger equation simplifies to the Helmholtz equation for a quantum-mechanical particle confined by infinite barriers relevant in semiconductor physics. With this in mind and the interest to tailor waveguides towards a desired spectrum and modal pattern structure in classical structures and nanostructures, it becomes increasingly important to understand the influence of curvature effects in waveguides. In this work, we demonstrate analytically strong curvature effects for the eigenvalue spectrum of the Helmholtz equation with Neumann boundary conditions in cases where the waveguide cross section is a circular sector. It is found that the linear-in-curvature contribution originates from parity symmetry breaking of eigenstates in circular-sector tori and hence vanishes in a torus with a complete circular cross section. The same strong curvature effect is not present in waveguides subject to Dirichlet boundary conditions where curvature contributions contribute to second-order in the curvature only. We demonstrate this finding by considering wave propagation in a circular-sector torus corresponding to Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions, respectively. Results for relative eigenfrequency shifts and modes are determined and compared with three-dimensional finite element method results. Good agreement is found between the present analytical method using a combination of differential geometry with perturbation theory and finite element results for a large range of curvature ratios.
Willatzen, M.; Pors, A. [Mads Clausen Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, DK-6400 Sonderborg (Denmark); Gravesen, J. [Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Denmark, Matematiktorvet, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby (Denmark)
Geometric and Electronic Structure of Closed Graphene Edges
We report theoretical and experimental results on single and multiple looped graphene sheets. Experimental images of stable closed-edge structures in few-layer graphene samples obtained by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) are compared with first- principles density functional theory calculations. We demonstrate that the electronic structure of a graphene nanoribbon is not significantly perturbed upon closing. By contrast, a significant modulation of the electronic structure is observed for closed-edge graphene structures deposited on a planar graphene substrate. This effect is due to an enhanced reactivity of the looped (coalesced) edges observed experimentally. The coexistence of different degrees of curvature in the graphene sheet induced by folding indicates that these materials could be used for surface chemistry engineering.
Lopez-Benzanilla, Alejandro [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL); Campos-Delgado, Jessica [IPICyT; Sumpter, Bobby G [ORNL; Baptista, Daniel [National Institute of Metrology, Duque de Caxias, Brazil; Hayashi, Takuya [Institute of Carbon Science and Technology, Shinshu Unversity; Kim, Y A [Shinshu University; Muramatsu, H [Shinshu University; Endo, M [Shinshu University; Achete, Carlos [National Institute of Metrology, Duque de Caxias, Brazil; Terrones, M. [Universidad Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Meunier, Vincent [ORNL
Development of trail network model and web-based bikeway routing service system
A trail network data model provides an infrastructure that can be used for non-motorized transportation analysis and decision making. In this paper, a trail network model, TNM, is discussed, and a web-based bikeway routing service system, BikerRouting, ... Keywords: bikeway routing, trail network model
Qifeng Lu; Stephen Sedlock
Leading and Trailing Anvil Clouds of West African Squall Lines
The anvil clouds of tropical squall-line systems over West Africa have been examined using cloud radar data and divided into those that appear ahead of the leading convective line and those on the trailing side of the system. The leading anvils ...
Jasmine Cetrone; Robert A. Houze Jr.
Mr. Tad W. Patzek 13331 Trail Drive Street
Mr. Tad W. Patzek 13331 Trail Drive Street Austin, Texas 78737 Dear Mr. Patzek: THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR WASHINGTON MAR 11 2011 It is my pleasure to appoint you as a member of the Ocean Energy Safety of the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement on matters and actions relating to offshore
Patzek, Tadeusz W.
Curvature radiation in pulsar magnetospheric plasma
We consider the curvature radiation of the point-like charge moving relativistically along curved magnetic field lines through a pulsar magnetospheric electron-positron plasma. We demonstrate that the radiation power is largely suppressed as compared with the vacuum case, but still at a considerable level, high enough to explain the observed pulsar luminosities. The emitted radiation is polarized perpendicularly to the plane of the curved magnetic filed lines coincides with $ which can freely escape from the magnetospheric plasma. Our results strongly support the coherent curvature radiation by the spark-associated solitons as a plausible mechanism of pulsar radio emission.
Janusz Gil; Yuri Lyubarsky; George I. Melikidze
Observations of Edge Turbulence
Edge Turbulence Edge Turbulence near the X-point of Alcator C-Mod APS-2007 (1) J.L. Terry, S.J. Zweben*, B. LaBombard, I. Cziegler, O. Grulke + , D.P. Stotler* MIT - Plasma Science and Fusion Center *Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory + MPI for Plasma Physics, EURATOM Assoc., Greifswald, Germany American Physical Society - Div. of Plasma Physics Orlando, FL Nov. 12 - Nov. 16, 2007 APS-2007 (2) Background and Motivation for "Xpt-region" View Strong edge turbulence has been observed in nearly all magnetic confinement devices. Desire predictive capability Most previous measurements made near outboard midplane where the turbulence has the following main features: - generation is ballooning-like (absent at inboard midplane, etc.) - filaments/blobs moves radially outward with some poloidal motion
String Corrections To The Riemann Curvature Tensor
The string corrections to the Riemann Curvature tensor are found to first order in the string slope parameter, here proportional to $\\g$. This is done for D=10 supergravity, the presumed low energy limit of string theory. We follow the perturbative approach. We also simplify a crucial result in our previous solution.
Bellucci, S
Energy definition for quadratic curvature gravities
A conserved current for generic quadratic curvature gravitational models is defined, and it is shown that, at the linearized level, it corresponds to the Deser-Tekin charges. An explicit expression for the charge for new massive gravity in three dimensions is given. Some implications of the linearized equations are discussed.
Ahmet Baykal
Microsoft Word - HighlandsTrail_CX_2011.docx
December 21, 2011 December 21, 2011 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEC-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Dawneen Dostert Project Manager - TERR-LMT Proposed Action: Grant a request by the City of Longview, Washington to build the Highlands Trail in the Longview-Cowlitz No. 1 transmission line right-of-way Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B4.9 - Multiple use of powerline rights-of-way Location: Longview, Cowlitz County, Washington Township 7N, Range 2W, Sections 5 and 6 Township 8N, Range 2W, Section 32 Proposed by: Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) Description of the Proposed Action: BPA proposes to grant a multiple use request submitted by the City of Longview, Washington, to construct a paved recreational trail (the Highland
Beechwood Trails, Ohio: Energy Resources | Open Energy Information
Beechwood Trails, Ohio: Energy Resources Beechwood Trails, Ohio: Energy Resources Jump to: navigation, search Equivalent URI DBpedia Coordinates 40.0236747°, -82.6507218° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":40.0236747,"lon":-82.6507218,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Hypersurfaces of constant curvature in asymptotically hyperbolic spaces
with constant Wein- garten curvature. Math. Ann. , 283(2):The most commonly studied of Wein- garten conditions is f (?
DeConde, David Thomas
Environmental Assessment for the Proposed Los Alamos National Laboratory Trails Management Program, Los Alamos, New Mexico
31 31 Environmental Assessment for the Proposed Los Alamos National Laboratory Trails Management Program, Los Alamos, New Mexico September 2, 2003 Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration Los Alamos Site Office Environmental Assessment for the Proposed LANL Trails Management Program DOE LASO September 2, 2003 iii Contents Acronyms and Terms................................................................................................................................vii Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................ix 1.0 Purpose and Need ..............................................................................................................................1
Effects of all-terrain vehicle trails on stream channel characteristics, Ouachita National Forest, Arkansas
Research shows that road and trail crossings have negative impacts on forest streams, and that off-road vehicles are detrimental to the environment. However, little information is available concerning the effects of such vehicles on stream channels and riverine environments. This research investigates the effects of all-terrain vehicles (ATVs), one of the many types of off-road vehicles, on stream channel characteristics in the Ouachita National Forest, Arkansas, where the Wolf Pen Gap All-Terrain Vehicle Trail system was built and opened to public use in 1991. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in stream pool characteristics between the "pristine" control stream (Caney Creek) and those affected by ATV trails (Board Camp Creek and Gap Creek) in the national forest. Pools in Board Camp Creek and Gap Creek were found to have increased amounts of sands and fines, higher values of embeddedness, lower depths, and less volume. These characteristics are consistent with observations that ATV trails are primary sources of sediment input into stream channels. Statistical differences in pool characteristics between streams affected by forest roads (Brushy Creek) and those by ATV trails were also revealed, although forest roads apparently impact streams to a lesser extent than ATV trails. The effects of roads and trails on stream pool characteristics were illustrated using Geographic Information Systems. These findings have important implications for the ecological integrity of stream systems in areas affected by ATV trails. They also contribute potentially valuable information in the management context.
Rohrer, Deven Michelle
Optical injection and terahertz detection of the macroscopic Berry curvature
We propose an experimental scheme to probe the Berry curvature of solids. Our method is sensitive to arbitrary regions of the Brillouin zone, and employs only basic optical and terahertz techniques to yield a background free signal. Using semiconductor quantum wells as a prototypical system, we discuss how to inject Berry curvature macroscopically, and probe it in a way that provides information about the underlying microscopic Berry curvature.
Kuljit S. Virk; J. E. Sipe
Virk, Kuljit S
River Edge Redevelopment Zone (Illinois)
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE))
The purpose of the River Edge Redevelopment Program is to revive and redevelop environmentally challenged properties adjacent to rivers in Illinois.
Multiscale edge detection based on Gaussian smoothing and edge tracking
The human vision is usually considered a multiscale, hierarchical knowledge extraction system. Inspired by this fact, multiscale techniques for computer vision perform a sequential analysis, driven by different interpretations of the concept of scale. ... Keywords: Edge detection, Edge tracking, Gaussian scale-space, Multiscale image processing, Sobel operators
C. Lopez-Molina; B. De Baets; H. Bustince; J. Sanz; E. Barrenechea
Edge-edge interactions in stacked graphene nanoplatelets
High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) studies show the dynamics of small graphene platelets on larger graphene layers. The platelets move nearly freely to eventually lock in at well-defined positions close to the edges of the larger underlying graphene sheet. While such movement is driven by a shallow potential energy surface described by an interplane interaction, the lock-in position occurs by via edge-edge interactions of the platelet and the graphene surface located underneath. Here we quantitatively study this behavior using van der Waals density functional calculations. Local interactions at the open edges are found to dictate stacking configurations that are different from Bernal (AB) stacking. These stacking configurations are known to be otherwise absent in edge-free two-dimensional (2D) graphene. The results explain the experimentally observed platelet dynamics and provide a detailed account of the new electronic properties of these combined systems.
Cruz Silva, Eduardo [ORNL; Terrones Maldonado, Humberto [ORNL; Terrones Maldonado, Mauricio [ORNL; Jia, Xiaoting [Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Sumpter, Bobby G [ORNL; Dresselhaus, M [Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Meunier, V. [Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI)
Oregon Trail El Cons Coop, Inc | Open Energy Information
Cons Coop, Inc Cons Coop, Inc Jump to: navigation, search Name Oregon Trail El Cons Coop, Inc Place Oregon Utility Id 14109 Utility Location Yes Ownership C NERC Location WECC NERC WECC Yes Activity Transmission Yes Activity Buying Transmission Yes Activity Distribution Yes References EIA Form EIA-861 Final Data File for 2010 - File1_a[1] LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. Utility Rate Schedules Grid-background.png Farm and Residential, Schedule R1 Residential Irrigation 17kW or less, Schedule IR Industrial Irrigation exceeding 17kW, Schedule IR Industrial Large Commercial, Schedule G2 Commercial Large Power, Schedule LP Industrial Mercury Vapor 175W (65kWh) Area Light, Schedule AL Lighting
Microsoft Word - THPRD-Westside-Trail-CX.doc
25, 2011 25, 2011 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Shelley Fenton Realty Specialist - TERR-3 Proposed Action: Tualatin Hills Park and Recreation District request for use of right-of-way (ROW) for Westside Trail Budget Information: Work Order 00184006, Task 1 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B4.9: Grant or denial of requests for multiple use of a transmission facility rights-of-way... Location: Beaverton, Washington County, Oregon Sections 4 and 5, Township 2 South, Range 1 West Sections 20, 29 and 32, Township 1 South, Range 1 West Proposed by: Bonneville Power Administration Description of the Proposed Action: Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) proposes to grant a
Thermodynamic Curvature of the BTZ Black Hole
Some thermodynamic properties of the Ba�ados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black hole are studied to get the effective dimension of its corresponding statistical model. For this purpose, we make use of the geometrical approach to the thermodynamics: Considering the black hole as a thermodynamic system with two thermodynamic variables (the mass M and the angular momemtum J), we obtain two-dimensional Riemannian thermodynamic geometry described by positive definite Ruppeiner metric. From the thermodynamic curvature we find that the extremal limit is the critical point. The effective spatial dimension of the statistical system corresponding to the near-extremal BTZ black holes is one. Far from the extremal point, the effective dimension becomes less than one, which leads to one possible speculation on the underlying structure for the corresponding statistical model. Typeset using REVTEX
Rong-gen Cai; Jin-ho Cho
Driving Membrane Curvature | Advanced Photon Source
Unlocking the Nanoscale Secrets of Bird-Feather Colors Unlocking the Nanoscale Secrets of Bird-Feather Colors An Unlikely Route to Ferroelectricity How to Make a Splash Pressure-Tuning the Quantum Phase Transition in a Model 2-D Magnet Reappearing Superconductivity Surprises Scientists Science Highlights Archives: 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 2001 | 2000 | 1998 | Subscribe to APS Science Highlights rss feed Driving Membrane Curvature JUNE 14, 2012 Bookmark and Share Model of conformational change in the HIV gp41 fusion protein induced by cholesterol composition of lipid monolayers. In biological systems, membranes are as important as water. They form the barrier between the inner world, within our cells, where we perform the chemical reactions of life, and the outside environment.
Parabolic surfaces in hyperbolic space with constant Gaussian curvature
Parabolic surfaces in hyperbolic space with constant Gaussian curvature Rafael L´opez email@example.com Keywords: hyperbolic space, parabolic surface, Gaussian curvature MSC 2000 subject classification: 53A10, 53C45 Abstract A parabolic surface in hyperbolic space H3 is a surface invariant by a group
López, Rafael
Scaling studies for an actively controlled curvature robotic pectoral fin
Scaling studies for an actively controlled curvature robotic pectoral fin are presented in detail. Design, development, and analysis of the fin are conducted using a combination of computational fluid dynamics tools and experimental tests. Results include ... Keywords: UUV, active curvature control, bio-inspired, pectoral fin, station- keeping
Jason D. Geder; Ravi Ramamurti; John Palmisano; Marius Pruessner; Banahalli Ratna; William C. Sandberg
Curvature dependence of the interfacial heat and mass transfer coefficients
Nucleation is often accompanied by heat transfer between the surroundings and a nucleus of a new phase. The interface between two phases gives an additional resistance to this transfer. For small nuclei the interfacial curvature is high, which affects not only equilibrium quantities such as surface tension, but also the transport properties. In particular, high curvature affects the interfacial resistance to heat and mass transfer. We develop a framework for determining the curvature dependence of the interfacial heat and mass transfer resistances. We determine the interfacial resistances as a function of a curvature. The analysis is performed for a bubble of a one-component fluid and may be extended to various nuclei of multicomponent systems. The curvature dependence of the interfacial resistances is important in modeling transport processes in multiphase systems.
K. S. Glavatskiy; D. Bedeaux
Automated Dna Curvature Profile Reconstruction In Atomic Force
An automated algorithm is presented to determine the DNA molecule intrinsic curvature profiles and the molecular spatial orientations in Atomic Force Microscope images. The curvature is composed by static and dynamic contributions. The first one is the intrinsic curvature, vectorial function of the DNA nucletide sequence, while the second one is due to thermal noise. This algorithm allows to reconstruct the intrinsic curvature profile excluding the thermal contribution and detects fragment orientation on AFM image with a percentage of molecular-orientation detection of 96.79 % for molecules with a high curvature peak. The automated approach allows to minimize the processing time compared to semi-automated methods, avoids errors introduced from operator bias and increases the amount of available information.
Microscope Images Elisa; Elisa Ficarra; Daniele Masotti; Luca Benini; Michela Milano
Effects of Iris Surface Curvature on Iris Recognition
To focus on objects at various distances, the lens of the eye must change shape to adjust its refractive power. This change in lens shape causes a change in the shape of the iris surface which can be measured by examining the curvature of the iris. This work isolates the variable of iris curvature in the recognition process and shows that differences in iris curvature degrade matching ability. To our knowledge, no other work has examined the effects of varying iris curvature on matching ability. To examine this degradation, we conduct a matching experiment across pairs of images with varying degrees of iris curvature differences. The results show a statistically signi cant degradation in matching ability. Finally, the real world impact of these ndings is discussed
Thompson, Joseph T [ORNL; Flynn, Patrick J [ORNL; Bowyer, Kevin W [University of Notre Dame, IN; Santos-Villalobos, Hector J [ORNL
Edges and switches, tunnels and bridges
Edge casing is a well-known method to improve the readability of drawings of non-planar graphs. A cased drawing orders the edges of each edge crossing and interrupts the lower edge in an appropriate neighborhood of the crossing. Certain orders will lead ... Keywords: Edge casing, Graph drawing
David Eppstein; Marc van Kreveld; Elena Mumford; Bettina Speckmann
GAS-LIQUID FLOW IN STIRRED REACTORS: Trailing Vortices and Gas Accumulation behind Impeller Blades
In a gas-liquid stirred reactor, gas tends to accumulate in low-pressure regions behind the impeller blades. Such gas accumulation forming so-called gas cavities, significantly alters impeller performance characteristics. We have computationally investigated gas-liquid flow generated by a Rushton turbine. Rotating Rushton turbine generates trailing vortices behind the blades, which enhance the gas accumulation. Characteristics of these trailing vortices were first investigated by considering a model problem of flow over a single impeller blade. Predicted results were compared with the published experimental data. Circulation velocity and turbulent kinetic energy of the trailing vortices were found to scale with blade tip velocity. Several numerical experiments were carried out to understand interaction of gas bubbles and trailing vortices. Gas-liquid flow in stirred vessel was then simulated by extending the computational snapshot approach of Ranade and Dometti (Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 74...
Vivek V. Ranade; Vaibhav R. Deshpande; Via Cantonale
Near-Tropopause Vertical Motion within the Trailing Stratiform Region of a Midlatitude Squall Line
Rawinsonde observations have been used to determine the flow structure in the vicinity of the tropopause atop the trailing stratiform precipitation region of an intense midlatitude squall line. Computations of vertical motion using the kinematic ...
Richard H. Johnson; William A. Gallus Jr.; Michael D. Vescio
Glenn Seaborg Trail | U.S. DOE Office of Science (SC)
Office of Science (SC) Website
age. It is dominated by oaks, some dating to about the 1860's to 1870's, and by tulip poplar dating to about the early 1900's. Ferns A portion of the Glenn Seaborg Trail (looking...
Glenn Seaborg Trail Glenn Seaborg Trail Basic Energy Sciences (BES) BES Home About Staff Organization Chart .pdf file (51KB) BES Budget BES Committees of Visitors Directions Jobs Organizational History Germantown Natural History President Kennedy's AEC Briefings Research Facilities Science Highlights Benefits of BES Funding Opportunities Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee (BESAC) News & Resources Contact Information Basic Energy Sciences U.S. Department of Energy SC-22/Germantown Building 1000 Independence Ave., SW Washington, DC 20585 P: (301) 903-3081 F: (301) 903-6594 E: firstname.lastname@example.com More Information » Germantown Natural History Glenn Seaborg Trail Print Text Size: A A A RSS Feeds FeedbackShare Page Images of the Glenn Seaborg Trail Old Tree | Creek | Tall Tree | Forest Floor | Ferns | Tranquil Spot |
The Effect of Jet-Streak Curvature on Kinematic Fields
A simple two-layer primitive equation (PE) model is used to study the effect of curvature on jet-streak kinematics, specifically vertical motion. Three types of vertical motion are studied: kinematic (PE) vertical motion, quasigeostrophic (QG) ...
James T. Moore; Glenn E. Vanknowe
The Palatini formalism for higher?curvature gravity theories
We compare the metric and the Palatini formalism to obtain the Einstein equations in the presence of higher?order curvature corrections that consist of contractions of the Riemann tensor
Mar Bastero?Gil; M�nica Borunda; Bert Janssen
Anomalous radial transport in tokamak edge plasma
1.2 Transport in tokamakAnomalous radial transport model for edge plasma . . . . . .Anomalous transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bodi, Vasudeva Raghavendra Kowsik
Clean Edge | Open Energy Information
Edge Edge Jump to: navigation, search Name Clean Edge Address 789 28th Avenue Place San Francisco, California Zip 94121 Sector Services Product Consulting firm Website http://www.cleanedge.com/ Coordinates 37.774531°, -122.487837° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":37.774531,"lon":-122.487837,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Magnetic Edge States in Graphene
Magnetic confinement in graphene has been of recent and growing interest because its potential applications in nanotechnology. In particular, the observation of the so called magnetic edge states in graphene has opened the possibility to deepen into the generation of spin currents and its applications in spintronics. We study the magnetic edge states of quasi-particles arising in graphene monolayers due to an inhomogeneous magnetic field of a magnetic barrier in the formalism of the two-dimensional massless Dirac equation. We also show how the solutions of such states in each of both triangular sublattices of the graphene are related through a supersymmetric transformation in the quantum mechanical sense.
Gabriela Murguia
Distributed measurement of conductor temperatures in mine trailing cables using fiber-optic technology
Mine trailing cables operated above safe thermal limits can cause premature insulation failure, increasing electrocution and fire hazards. Previous US Bureau of Mines Pittsburgh Research Center research showed that, under static test conditions, electrical current levels permitted under present regulations may not limit cable temperatures to less than the 90 C rating of reeled trailing cable. Continuing research under the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) addresses thermal characteristics of reeled trailing cable under dynamic test conditions more representative of field conditions, where operators constantly reel in and pay out cable. This research is in support of efforts by industry associations and the Mine Safety and Health Administration to establish safety guidelines for cyclically rated reeled machines. This paper describes a unique approach to measuring temperatures within reeled cable under dynamic test conditions. Fiber-optic sensors embedded within the metallic conductors measure temperatures at 1-m intervals along the entire length of cable. Temperature measurements are reported to be accurate to within {+-}1 C. The test setup requires access to only one end of the trailing cable, allowing researchers to freely reel in and pay out cable while temperature measurements are made, simulating field conditions. Manufacture of a fiber-optic-embedded trailing cable is described, along with initial test results that indicate the fiber-optic approach is viable.
Dubaniewicz, T.H. Jr.; Kovalchik, P.G.; Scott, L.W. [National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh, PA (United States). Research Lab.] [National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh, PA (United States). Research Lab.; Fuller, M.A. [AmerCable, Sewickley, PA (United States)] [AmerCable, Sewickley, PA (United States)
LANL closes road, trails for safety reasons; flooding and erosion control
Road, trails closed for safety reasons Road, trails closed for safety reasons LANL closes road, trails for safety reasons; flooding and erosion control work under way Closure is in response to the increased fire risk and danger of flash flooding. July 8, 2011 Los Alamos National Laboratory sits on top of a once-remote mesa in northern New Mexico with the Jemez mountains as a backdrop to research and innovation covering multi-disciplines from bioscience, sustainable energy sources, to plasma physics and new materials. Los Alamos National Laboratory sits on top of a once-remote mesa in northern New Mexico with the Jemez mountains as a backdrop to research and innovation covering multi-disciplines from bioscience, sustainable energy sources, to plasma physics and new materials. Contact Fred deSousa
Los Alamos science sleuth on the trail of a martian mystery
Trail of a martian mystery Trail of a martian mystery Los Alamos science sleuth on the trail of a martian mystery When it comes to examining the surface of rocks on Mars with a high-powered laser, five is a magic number for LANL postdoctoral researcher Nina Lanza. March 19, 2013 This dual image of a Martian rock taken by the ChemCam instrument aboard the Curiosity rover shows a rock at the "Rocknest" area on Mars before it was interrogated with ChemCam's high-powered laser (left) and after interrogation by 600 laser blasts (right). The crosshairs in the darkened portion of the image at right shows where the laser beam penetrated to a depth of at least 1 mm as a result of the repeated shots. The ChemCam laser vaporizes a small amount of material that can be read by a spectrometer to determine the target's composition.
Region and edge-adaptive sampling and boundary completion for segmentation
Edge detection produces a set of points that are likely to lie on discontinuities between objects within an image. We consider faces of the Gabriel graph of these points, a sub-graph of the Delaunay triangulation. Features are extracted by merging these faces using size, shape and color cues. We measure regional properties of faces using a novel shape-dependant sampling method that overcomes undesirable sampling bias of the Delaunay triangles. Instead, sampling is biased so as to smooth regional statistics within the detected object boundaries, and this smoothing adapts to local geometric features of the shape such as curvature, thickness and straightness.
Dillard, Scott E [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Prasad, Lakshman [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Grazzini, Jacopo A [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Energy Science and Technology Software Center (OSTI)
002099IBMPC00 MM-Estimator and Adjusted Super Smoother based Simultaneous Prediction Confedenc� http://nature.berkeley.edu/vulpelab/loguinov/�
Efficient in vitro TRAIL-gene delivery in drug-resistant A2780/DDP ovarian cancer cell line via magnetofection
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) presents great promise as an anticancer agent for human cancer therapy. In this study, a magnetofection agent (polyMAG-l000) was evaluated for in vitro delivery of TRAIL gene towards drugresistant ...
Fang Li; Sumei Niu; Jing Sun; Huaishi Zhu; Qiujie Ba; Yi Guo; Donglu Shi
The curvature of branes, currents and gravity in matrix models
The curvature of brane solutions in Yang-Mills matrix models is expressed in terms of conserved currents associated with global symmetries of the model. This implies a relation between the Ricci tensor and the energy-momentum tensor due to the basic matrix model action, without invoking an Einstein-Hilbert term. The coupling is governed by the extrinsic curvature of the brane embedding, which arises naturally for compactified brane solutions. The effective gravity on the brane is thereby related to the compactification moduli, and protected from quantum corrections due to the relation with global symmetries.
Harold Steinacker
Edge Detection Algorithm for SST Images
An algorithm to detect fronts in satellite-derived sea surface temperature fields is presented. Although edge detection is the main focus, the problem of cloud detection is also addressed since unidentified clouds can lead to erroneous edge ...
Jean-Fran�ois Cayula; Peter Cornillon
Transport in tokamak plasma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .of tokamak plasma . . . . . . . . . 1.4 Dissertationtransport model for edge plasma . . . . . . 6.1 Anomalous
Edge-avoiding wavelets and their applications
We propose a new family of second-generation wavelets constructed using a robust data-prediction lifting scheme. The support of these new wavelets is constructed based on the edge content of the image and avoids having pixels from both sides of an edge. ... Keywords: constraint propagation, data-dependent interpolation, edge-preserving filtering, lifting scheme, wavelets
Raanan Fattal
Relaxation and curvature-induced molecular flows within fluid membranes
The quantitative understanding of bilayer membranes is still rooted in work performed in the 1970s by Helfrich and others. Retaining the spirit of the original work, this article draws analogy with nematic liquid-crystals, but instead of a static description, we present a dynamical (out-of-equilibrium) description. The approach combines nemato-hydrodynamics in the linear regime and a proper use of (differential-) geometry. The main result is to demonstrate that one can obtain equations describing a cross-diffusion effect (similar to the Soret and Dufour effects) between curvature and the flow of amphiphilic molecules. Surprisingly, the shape of a membrane relaxes according to a simple heat equation in the mean curvature: a process that is accompanied by a simultaneous boost to the diffusion of amphiphiles away from regions of high curvature. The model also predicts the inverse process, by which the forced bending of a membrane induces molecular flows towards areas of high curvature. In principle, numerical values for the relevant diffusion coefficients should be verifiable by experiment.
Richard G. Morris
Curvature radiation and giant subpulses in the Crab pulsar
It is argued that the nanosecond giant subpulses detected recently in the Crab pulsar are generated by means of the coherent curvature radiation of charged relativistic solitons associated with sparking discharges of the inner gap potential drop above the polar cap.
Janusz Gil; George I. Melikidze
Probability Distribution of Curvatures of Isosurfaces in Gaussian Random Fields
An expression for the joint probability distribution of the principal curvatures at an arbitrary point in the ensemble of isosurfaces defined on isotropic Gaussian random fields on Rn is derived. The result is obtained by deriving symmetry properties of the ensemble of second derivative matrices of isotropic Gaussian random fields akin to those of the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble.
Paulo R. S. Mendonca; Rahul Bhotika; James V. Miller
In-Flight Winds from the Drift of a Rocket Exhaust Trail
The study presents an analysis of free drift of the exhaust trail obtained from television photos of India's satellite launch vehicle, ASLV-D2, in flight. Triangulation is not possible, necessitating the use of in-flight trajectory data and a ...
Prakash M. Dolas
The Los Alamos Trails Management Program -The Path Forward in an Era of
/National Nuclear Security Administration (DOE/NNSA). The Working Group includes representatives from adjacent of the DOE/NNSA, and the Laboratory. It continues to meet monthly. Many of the trails at the Laboratory have-on interagency collaboration that is part of our DOE/NNSA sustainability efforts. #12;LANL is multi
Design and Implementation of Welding with Electromagnetic Trailing Peening Control Circuit
In order to eliminate welding stress and improve the quality of welding.The technology of constant frequency pulse width modulation (PWM) is applied in the design of control circuit of welding with trailing peening.AT89C52 is the core of the circuit.This ...
Meijiu Lu; Yuejin Ma; Jianguo Zhao; Jianchang Li; Jianjun Hao
Enumerating edge-constrained triangulations and edge-constrained non-crossing geometric spanning trees
In this paper, we present algorithms for enumerating, without repetitions, all triangulations and non-crossing geometric spanning trees on a given set of n points in the plane under edge inclusion constraint (i.e., some edges are required to be included ... Keywords: Edge-constrained non-crossing spanning trees, Edge-constrained triangulations, Geometric enumeration
Naoki Katoh; Shin-ichi Tanigawa
On the dynamics of flame edges in diffusion-flame/vortex interactions
We analyze the local flame extinction and reignition of a counterflow diffusion flame perturbed by a laminar vortex ring. Local flame extinction leads to the appearance of flame edges separating the burning and extinguished regions of the distorted mixing layer. The dynamics of these edges is modeled based on previous numerical results, with heat release effects fully taken into account, which provide the propagation velocity of triple and edge flames in terms of the upstream unperturbed value of the scalar dissipation. The temporal evolution of the mixing layer is determined using the classical mixture fraction approach, with both unsteady and curvature effects taken into account. Although variable density effects play an important role in exothermic reacting mixing layers, in this paper the description of the mixing layer is carried out using the constant density approximation, leading to a simplified analytical description of the flow field. The mathematical model reveals the relevant nondimensional parameters governing diffusion-flame/vortex interactions and provides the parameter range for the more relevant regime of local flame extinction followed by reignition via flame edges. Despite the simplicity of the model, the results show very good agreement with previously published experimental results. (author)
Hermanns, Miguel; Linan, Amable [Departamento de Motopropulsion y Termofluidodinamica, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Pza. Cardenal Cisneros 3, 28040 Madrid (Spain); Vera, Marcos [Area de Mecanica de Fluidos, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganes (Spain)
Graphene as a quantum surface with curvature-strain preserving dynamics
We discuss how the curvature and the strain density of the atomic lattice generate the quantization of graphene sheets as well as the dynamics of geometric quasiparticles propagating along the constant curvature/strain levels. The internal kinetic momentum of Riemannian oriented surface (a vector field preserving the Gaussian curvature and the area) is determined.
M. V. Karasev
Method of and apparatus for collecting solar radiation utilizing variable curvature cylindrical reflectors
A heliostat apparatus includes a frame which is rotatable about an axis which is parallel to the aperture plane of an elongate receiver. A plurality of flat flexible mirror elements are mounted to the frame between several parallel, uniformly spaced resilient beams which are pivotally connected at their ends to the frame. Channels are mounted to the sides of the beams for supporting the edges of the mirror elements. Each of the beams has a longitudinally varying configuration designed to bow into predetermined, generally circular curvatures of varying radii when the center of the beam is deflected relative to the pivotally connected ends of the beams. All of the parallel resilient beams are simultaneously deflected by a cam shaft assembly extending through openings in the centers of the beams, whereby the mirror elements together form an upwardly concave, cylindrical reflecting surface. The heliostat is rotated about its axis to track the apparent diurnal movement of the sun, while the reflecting surface is substantially simultaneously bowed into a cylindrical trough having a radius adapted to focus incident light at the plane of the receiver aperture.
Treytl, William J. (San Jose, CA); Slemmons, Arthur J. (Los Gatos, CA); Andeen, Gerry B. (Menlo Park, CA)
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: Maintenance Edge
Maintenance Edge Maintenance Edge Maintenance Edge logo Maintenance Edge is a suite of online Software as a Service (SaaS) facility management tools that gives control and management over buildings without a capital investment. Maintenance Edge enables you to combine work order, planned maintenance, work order wireless, and critical alarms with the option of adding inventory. Fully implemented, Maintenance Edge will cut labor time, increase energy efficiencies, save on capital expenditures, and save on budget and management time. Features include: easy/user-friendly work order requesting, unlimited users, seven different user roles (limits data users can see), no capital or hardware costs required, access to data anywhere anytime, easy-to-click reporting on all the data in your system,
On the mass formula and Wigner and curvature energy terms
The efficiency of different mass formulas derived from the liquid drop model including or not the curvature energy, the Wigner term and different powers of the relative neutron excess $I$ has been determined by a least square fitting procedure to the experimental atomic masses assuming a constant R$_{0,charge}$/A$^{1/3}$ ratio. The Wigner term and the curvature energy can be used independently to improve the accuracy of the mass formula. The different fits lead to a surface energy coefficient of around 17-18 MeV, a relative sharp charge radius r$_0$ of 1.22-1.23 fm and a proton form-factor correction to the Coulomb energy of around 0.9 MeV.
G. Royer
Detonation wave velocity and curvature of brass encased PBXN-111
Detonation velocities and wave front curvatures were measured for PBXN-111 charges encased in 5 mm thick brass tubes. In all the experiments (charge diameters from 19 to 47 mm) the brass case affected the detonation properties of PBXN-111. Steady detonation waves propagated in brass encased charges with diameters as small as 19 mm, which is about half of the unconfined failure diameter. The radii of curvature of the detonation waves at the center of the wave fronts ranged from 52 to 141 mm for charge diameters of 25 to 47 mm. The angles between the detonation wave fronts and the brass/charge interfaces were between 72 and 74 degrees. {copyright} {ital 1996 American Institute of Physics.}
Forbes, J.W.; Lemar, E.R. [Naval Surface Warfare Center, Indian Head Division, Silver Spring, Maryland 20903-5640 (United States)
Radiation Transport in Takamak Edge Plasmas
Plasmas in edge regions of tokamaks can be very optically thick to hydrogen lines. Strong line radiation introduces a non-local coupling between different regions of the plasma and can significantly affect the ionization and energy balance. These effects can be very important, but they are not included in current edge plasma simulations. We report here on progress in self-consistently including the effects of a magnetic field, line radiation and plasma transport in modeling tokamak edge plasmas.
Scott, H; Adams, M
Spacetime of Constant Scalar Curvature in N = 1 Supergravity
In this short paper we show the existence of solitonic solutions of four dimensional ungauged N = 1 supergravity coupled to arbitrary vector and chiral multiplets whose Ricci scalar curvature is constant. The Ricci scalar of spacetimes indeed depends on the {sigma}-model, namely the complex scalars and their first derivative. Then, we give two explicit models, namely static domain walls and static spherical symmetric black holes which are related to our previous works.
Gunara, Bobby Eka [Indonesia Center for Theoretical and Mathematical Physics (ICTMP) (Indonesia); Theoretical Physics Laboratory, Theoretical High Energy Physics and Instrumentation Research Group, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10 Bandung 40132 (Indonesia)
Topology of Dupin hypersurfaces with six distinct principal curvatures
Let M be a Dupin hypersurface in the unit sphere S n+1 with six distinct principal curvatures. The main purpose of the present paper is to show M is either diffeomorphic to SU(2) \\Theta SU(2)=Q 8 or homeomorphic to the tube around an embedded 5dimensional complex Fermat hypersurface X 5 (2) in S 13 , where Q 8 ae SU(2) = Sp(1) denotes the subgroup f\\Sigma1; \\Sigmai; \\Sigmaj; \\Sigmakg and X 5 (2) = f[z 0 ; z 1 ; \\Delta \\Delta \\Delta z 6 ] 2 CP 6 jz 2 0 +z 2 1 + \\Delta \\Delta \\Delta + z 2 6 = 0g. Moreover, in the former case, all of the focal manifolds are diffeomorphic to S 3 \\Theta RP 2 ; In the latter case, one of the focal manifolds is homeomorphic to X 5 (2). 1 Introduction A closed n-dimensional submanifold in the unit sphere S n+1 is called a Dupin hypersurface if the multiplicities of the principal curvatures are constant and if each principal curvature function restricted to the leaves of the distribution T = fxjAx = xg is constant [16]. The most important sp...
Fuquan Fang
Momentum Budget of a Squall Line with Trailing Stratiform Precipitation: Calculations with a High-Resolution Numerical Model
In this paper, the authors investigate the momentum budget of a squall line with trailing stratiform precipitation by examining how the momentum balance varies with respect to the storm's internal structure. In particular, the authors determine ...
Ming-Jen Yang; Robert A. Houze Jr.
Validation of a Thermodynamic Retrieval Technique by Application to a Simulated Squall Line with Trailing Stratiform Precipitation
A thermodynamic retrieval technique, which uses the equation of motion in conjunction with the thermodynamic equation, is validated in a two-dimensional numerical model simulation of a squall line with a trailing stratiform region. Model wind and ...
J. Sun; R. A. Houze Jr.
Microphysical and Thermodynamic Structure and Evolution of the Trailing Stratiform Regions of Mesoscale Convective Systems during BAMEX. Part I: Observations
This study used airborne and ground-based radar and optical array probe data from the spiral descent flight patterns and horizontal flight legs of the NOAA P-3 aircraft in the trailing stratiform regions (TSRs) of mesoscale convective systems (...
Andrea M. Smith; Greg M. McFarquhar; Robert M. Rauber; Joseph A. Grim; Michael S. Timlin; Brian F. Jewett; David P. Jorgensen
Self-avoiding walks and trails on the 3.12 2 lattice
We find the generating function of self-avoiding walks and trails on a semi-regular lattice called the 3.12 2 lattice in terms of the generating functions of simple graphs, such as self-avoiding walks, polygons and tadpole graphs on the hexagonal lattice. Since the growth constant for these graphs is known on the hexagonal lattice we can find the growth constant for both walks and trails on the 3.12 2 lattice. A result of Watson [13] then allows us to find the generating function and growth constant of neighbour-avoiding walks on the covering lattice of the 3.12 2 lattice which is tetravalent. A mapping into walks on the covering lattice allows us to obtain improved bounds on the growth constant for a range of lattices. 1
Andrew Rechnitzer
Lost Trail Hot Springs Resort Pool & Spa Low Temperature Geothermal
Hot Springs Resort Pool & Spa Low Temperature Geothermal Hot Springs Resort Pool & Spa Low Temperature Geothermal Facility Jump to: navigation, search Name Lost Trail Hot Springs Resort Pool & Spa Low Temperature Geothermal Facility Facility Lost Trail Hot Springs Resort Sector Geothermal energy Type Pool and Spa Location Sula, Montana Coordinates 45.8365869°, -113.9817463° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[]}
ILP formulations for non-simple p-cycle and p-trail design in WDM mesh networks
Conventional simple p-cycle (Preconfigured Protection Cycle) concept allows fast and capacity-efficient span protection in WDM mesh networks. Unlike simple p-cycle, non-simple p-cycle can traverse a node or span multiple times. The recently proposed ... Keywords: Fast span protection, WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing), p-Cycle (Preconfigured Protection Cycle), p-Trail (Pre-Cross-Connected Trail)
Bin Wu; Kwan L. Yeung; Pin-Han Ho
Self-avoiding trails with nearest neighbour interactions on the square lattice
Self-avoiding walks and self-avoiding trails, two models of a polymer coil in dilute solution, have been shown to be governed by the same universality class. On the other hand, self-avoiding walks interacting via nearest-neighbour contacts (ISAW) and self-avoiding trails interacting via multiply-visited sites (ISAT) are two models of the coil-globule, or collapse transition of a polymer in dilute solution. On the square lattice it has been established numerically that the collapse transition of each model lies in a different universality class. The models differ in two substantial ways. They differ in the types of subsets of random walk configurations utilised (site self-avoidance versus bond self-avoidance) and in the type of attractive interaction. It is therefore of some interest to consider self-avoiding trails interacting via nearest neighbour attraction (INNSAT) in order to ascertain the source for the difference in the collapse universality class. Using the flatPERM algorithm, we have performed computer simulations of this model. We present numerical evidence that the singularity in the free energy of INNSAT at the collapse transition has a similar exponent to that of the ISAW model rather than the ISAT model. This would indicate that the type of interaction used in ISAW and ISAT is the source of the difference in universality class.
A. Bedini; A. L. Owczarek; T. Prellberg
Cloud/Climate Feedback is a combination of words known to be important but extremely difficult to quantify or even assign a direction. A 4 % increase in boundary layer clouds would cool the earth as much as a doubling of CO{sub 2} would warm it (Randall et al, 1984). Studies have shown that warmer sea surface temperatures are associated with fewer clouds (Oreopoulos and Davies, 1992). We do not know how much of this effect is due to direct solar warming of surface water in the absence of clouds. We also know there are more eastern ocean marine boundary layer clouds in summer than winter. Do warmer sea surface temperatures or more summer-like conditions best represent global warming? Twomey, 1974 has proposed that increasing aerosol pollution would lead to brighter clouds (indirect aerosol effect). This relationship does have determined sign (i.e. cooling) but is very difficult to quantify. Cloud trails from ships and islands hold the potential of addressing Cloud/Climate Feedback by observing atmospheric response to large perturbations in turbulence and aerosol. However, before cloud trails can be used as a Rosetta Stone connecting pollution and climate, much more needs to be understood about the micro- and macrophysics of cloud trails.
Edge Computing Edge Computing is pushing the frontier of computing applications, data, and services
Edge Computing Edge Computing is pushing the frontier of computing applications, data, and services not be continuously connected to a network such as laptops, smartphones, tablets and sensors. Edge Computing covers Cloud/Fog Computing and Grid/Mesh Computing, distributed data storage and retrieval, autonomic self
Maintenance of the Sea-Ice Edge
A coupled global climate model is used to evaluate processes that determine the equilibrium location of the sea-ice edge and its climatological annual cycle. The extent to which the wintertime ice edge departs from a symmetric ring around either ...
C. M. Bitz; M. M. Holland; E. C. Hunke; R. E. Moritz
Route planning with flexible edge restrictions
In this work, we explore a new type of flexible shortest-path query, in which the query can be dynamically parameterized to constrain the type of edges that may be included in the resulting shortest path (e.g., find the shortest path in a road network ... Keywords: Contraction Hierarchies, edge restrictions, flexible scenario, route planning, shortest paths
Robert Geisberger; Michael N. Rice; Peter Sanders; Vassilis J. Tsotras
The effect of curvature and topology on membrane hydrodynamics
We study the mobility of extended objects (rods) on a spherical liquid-liquid interface to show how this quantity is modified in a striking manner by both the curvature and the topology of the interface. We present theoretical calculations and experimental measurements of the interfacial fluid velocity field around a moving rod bound to the crowded interface of a water-in-oil droplet. By using different droplet sizes, membrane viscosities, and rod lengths, we show that the viscosity mismatch between the interior and exterior fluids leads to a suppression of the fluid flow on small droplets that cannot be captured by the flat interface predictions.
Mark L. Henle; R. McGorty; A. D. Dinsmore; Alex J. Levine
Edge-ray principle of nonimaging optics
The edge-ray principle of nonimaging optics states that nonimaging devices can be designed by the mapping of edge rays from the source to the edge of the target. However, in most nonimaging reflectors, including the compound parabolic concentrator (CPC), at least part of the radiation undergoes multiple reflections, some rays even appear to be reflected infinitely many times, and closer examination reveals that some edge rays of the source are not mapped onto the edge of the target even though the CPC is indeed in two dimensions. Using a topological approach, the authors refine the formulation of the edge-ray principle to ensure its validity for all configurations. They present two different versions of the general principle. The first involves the boundaries of the different zones corresponding to a different number of reflections. The second version is stated in terms of only a single reflection, but it involves the addition of an auxiliary region of phase space. The authors discuss the use of the edge-ray principle as a design procedure for nonimaging devices. The CPC is used to illustrate all steps of the argument.
Ries, H. [Univ. of Munich (Germany); Rabl, A. [Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
Nonperturbative models of intermittency in edge turbulence
A theory of the probability distribution function (PDF) tails of the blob density in plasma edge turbulence is provided. A simplified model of the fast convective radial transport is used. The theoretically predicted PDF tails corroborate earlier measurements of edge transport, further confirming the strongly non-Gaussian feature of edge transport. It is found that increasing the cross-sectional spatial scale length (L{sub x} and L{sub y}) of the blob results in larger transport, whereas increasing the toroidal scale length (L{sub z}) decreases the PDF. The results imply that the PDF decreases for larger blob speed v{sub b}.
Anderson, Johan; Kim, Eun-jin [Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Sheffield, Hicks Building, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield S3 7RH (United Kingdom)
On the Existence of New Conservation Laws for the Spaces of Different Curvatures
It is known that corresponding to each isometry there exist a conserved quantity. It is also known that the Lagrangian of the line element of a space is conserved. Here we investigate the possibility of the existence of "new" conserved quantities, i.e. other than the Lagrangian and associated with the isometries, for spaces of different curvatures. It is found that there exist new conserved quantities only for the spaces of zero curvature or having a section of zero curvature.
Tooba Feroze
Long alternating cycles in edge-colored complete graphs
Let Knc denote a complete graph on n vertices whose edges are colored in an arbitrary way. And let ?(Knc) denote the maximum number of edges of the same ... Keywords: alternating cycle, color degree, edge-colored graph
Hao Li; Guanghui Wang; Shan Zhou
Revealing Burlington : Vermont architecture on the edge
This project explores building in the most urban environment of a state that identifies with its ruralness. The site, located at the top of a steep bluff in Burlington at the edge between the city's downtown core and its ...
Gates, Jeremy M., 1975-
The verge : transforming an insufficient edge
This thesis considers a new edge strategy for an Insufficient waterfront. The shore of Bass Harbor poses a problem significant to the whole Maine coast, as the access and Infrastructure imperative to the fishing industries ...
Edson, Rebecca M. (Rebecca Monroe)
Eady Edge Waves and Rapid Development
Perturbations of the classical Eady model are treated in terms of the system's two intrinsic baroclinic edge waves. This provides a simple quantitative example of the wave coupling interpretation of quasigeostrophic instability and a compact ...
H. C. Davies; C. H. Bishop
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Pavement Edge Treatment
Four projects were built over two construction seasons using special devices attached to the paving machine that produces a 30� slope on the outside pavement edge instead of the near vertical drop-off common with conventional paving equipment. This pavement edge treatment allows vehicles that leave the roadway a gentler slope to navigate when remounting the pavement. The projects used four types of devices; (1) the TransTech Shoulder Wedge Maker TM, (2) the Advant-Edge TM, (3) the Carlson Safety Edge End Gate, and (4) a contractor built device. All of the devices were able to produce a finished pavement slope that was close to the 30� angle recommended by FHWA.
Keith W. Anderson; Terry Berends; Mark Russell; Jeff S. Uhlmeyer; Jim Weston; Chad Simonson; Chris Damatio; Hien Trinh; Keith W. Anderson; Terry Berends; Mark Russell; Jeff S. Uhlmeyer; Jim Weston; Chad Simonson; Chris Damitio; Hien Trinh
LLNL's Saturday lectures explore cutting edge science
| NR-13-01-02 LLNL's Saturday lectures explore cutting edge science Linda A Lucchetti, LLNL, (925) 422-5815, email@example.com Printer-friendly Lawrence Livermore National...
Anomalous critical behaviour in the polymer collapse transition of three-dimensional lattice trails
Trails (bond-avoiding walks) provide an alternative lattice model of polymers to self-avoiding walks, and adding self-interaction at multiply visited sites gives a model of polymer collapse. Recently, a two-dimensional model (triangular lattice) where doubly and triply visited sites are given different weights was shown to display a rich phase diagram with first and second order collapse separated by a multi-critical point. A kinetic growth process of trails (KGT) was conjectured to map precisely to this multi-critical point. Two types of low temperature phases, globule and crystal-like, were encountered. Here, we investigate the collapse properties of a similar extended model of interacting lattice trails on the simple cubic lattice with separate weights for doubly and triply visited sites. Again we find first and second order collapse transitions dependent on the relative sizes of the doubly and triply visited energies. However we find no evidence of a low temperature crystal-like phase with only the globular phase in existence. Intriguingly, when the ratio of the energies is precisely that which separates the first order from the second-order regions anomalous finite-sized scaling appears. At the finite size location of the rounded transition clear evidence exists for a first order transition that persists in the thermodynamic limit. This location moves as the length increases, with its limit apparently at the point that maps to a KGT. However, if one fixes the temperature to sit at exactly this KGT point then only a critical point can be deduced from the data. The resolution of this apparent contradiction lies in the breaking of crossover scaling and the difference in the shift and transition width (crossover) exponents.
Andrea Bedini; Aleksander L Owczarek; Thomas Prellberg
Presheath profiles in simulated tokamak edge plasmas
The PISCES plasma surface interaction facility at UCLA generates plasmas with characteristics similar to those found in the edge plasmas of tokamaks. Steady state magnetized plasmas produced by this device are used to study plasma-wall interaction phenomena which are relevant to tokamak devices. We report here progress on some detailed investigations of the presheath region that extends from a wall surface into these /open quotes/simulated tokamak/close quotes/ edge plasma discharges along magnetic field lines.
LaBombard, B.; Conn, R.W.; Hirooka, Y.; Lehmer, R.; Leung, W.K.; Nygren, R.E.; Ra, Y.; Tynan, G.
Frozen Bullets Tame Unruly Edge Plasmas in Fusion Experiment...
Frozen Bullets Tame Unruly Edge Plasmas in Fusion Experiment American Fusion News Category: General Atomics (GA) Link: Frozen Bullets Tame Unruly Edge Plasmas in Fusion Experiment...
Higher Curvature Brane Corrections to the DGP Model
We investigate the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (DGP) model corrected by higher curvature brane terms. We show that these corrections have a dramatic impact on the spectrum of the model at the linearized level. Owing to the presence of higher derivatives in the field equations very massive ghost excitations with mass of order of Planck mass are generated in the ordinary branch of the model. These excitations describe an instability of Minkowski vacuum with time-scale of order of the Hubble time. At large distances these tachyonic excitations are expected to decouple from brane-localized matter. Our modified DGP model represents therefore a very promising framework for solving of the cosmological constant problem, in which Planck-scale physics is responsible for the elementary excitations driving the accelerated expansion of the universe, but the time-scale of the instability is settled by gravitational physics at large scales.
Mariano Cadoni; Paolo Pani
Using curvature invariants for wave extraction in numerical relativity
We present a new expression for the Weyl scalar Psi_4 that can be used in numerical relativity to extract the gravitational wave content of a spacetime. The formula relies upon the identification of transverse tetrads, namely the ones in which Psi_1=Psi_3=0. It is well known that tetrads with this property always exist in a general Petrov type I spacetime. A sub-class of these tetrads naturally converges to the Kinnersley tetrad in the limit of Petrov type D spacetime. However, the transverse condition fixes only four of the six parameters coming from the Lorentz group of transformations applied to tetrads. Here we fix the tetrad completely, in particular by giving the expression for the spin-boost transformation that was still unclear. The value of Psi_4 in this optimal tetrad is given as a function of the two curvature invariants I and J.
Andrea Nerozzi; Oliver Elbracht
Decay of the Fourier transform of surfaces with vanishing curvature
We prove $L^p$-bounds on the Fourier transform of measures $\\mu$ supported on two dimensional surfaces. Our method allows to consider surfaces whose Gauss curvature vanishes on a one-dimensional submanifold. Under a certain non-degeneracy condition, we prove that $\\wh\\mu\\in L^{4+\\beta}$, $\\beta>0$, and we give a logarithmically divergent bound on the $L^4$-norm. We use this latter bound to estimate almost singular integrals involving the dispersion relation, $e(p)= \\sum_1^3 [1-\\cos p_j]$, of the discrete Laplace operator on the cubic lattice. We briefly explain our motivation for this bound originating in the theory of random Schr\\"odinger operators.
Laszlo Erdos; Manfred Salmhofer
Semi-flexible interacting self-avoiding trails on the square lattice
Self-avoiding walks self-interacting via nearest neighbours (ISAW) and self-avoiding trails interacting via multiply-visited sites (ISAT) are two models of the polymer collapse transition of a polymer in dilute solution. On the square lattice it has been established numerically that the collapse transition of each model lies in a different universality class. It has been shown that by adding stiffness to the ISAW model a second low temperature phase eventuates and a more complicated phase diagram ensues with three types of transition that meet at a multi-critical point. For large enough stiffness the collapse transition becomes first-order. Interestingly, a phase diagram of a similar structure has been seen to occur in an extended ISAT model on the triangular lattice without stiffness. It is therefore of interest to see the effect of adding stiffness to the ISAT model. We have studied by computer simulation a generalised model of self-interacting self-avoiding trails on the square lattice with a stiffness parameter added. Intriguingly, we find that stiffness does not change the order of the collapse transition for ISAT on the square lattice for a very wide range of stiffness weights. While at the lengths considered there are clear bimodal distributions for very large stiffness, our numerical evidence strongly suggests that these are simply finite-size effects associated with a crossover to a first-order phase transition at infinite stiffness.
A Bedini; A L Owczarek; T Prellberg
Health Consultation Des Moines (Ex) Ordnance Site Landfill and Lagoon Complex Prairie Trail Development Site
This letter has been prepared as a consultation to evaluate human health impacts that will remain in a commercial and residential area within Ankeny, Iowa known as the Prairie Trail Development Site. The Iowa Department of Public Health�s priority is to ensure the Ankeny community has the best information possible to safeguard its health. That information is included in the following paragraphs. Background and Statement of Issues The Prairie Trail Development Area is located in the southern portion of Ankeny, Iowa. This development area is located in an area that was formally occupied by the Des Moines Ordnance Plant. The Des Moines Ordnance Plant was constructed for the production and testing of small arms munitions for use during World War II. The Landfill and Lagoon Complex was utilized for disposal of wastes from the ordnance plant and also from various entities that utilized the site property until 1991. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is overseeing the cleanup of the Landfill and Lagoon Complex. A portion of the remainder of the site property had been used for burning of scrap explosives, the storage and disposal of chemicals, a disposal pond, testing of products, and various munitions manufacturing activities. The Iowa Department of Natural Resources (IDNR) is overseeing the cleanup of this remaining portion of the site property.
Terry E. Branstad; Kim Reynolds
Axial dispersion in segmented gas-liquid flow: Effects of alternating channel curvature
Axial dispersion in segmented gas-liquid flow: Effects of alternating channel curvature Metin of channel curvature on the axial dispersion in segmented gas-liquid flows are studied computationally.1063/1.3531742 I. INTRODUCTION Segmented gas-liquid flow also known as Taylor flow has been studied extensively
Muradoglu, Metin
Shape control of B�;zier surfaces with iso-parametric monotone curvature constraints
This paper describes a sufficient condition of Monotone Iso-parametric Curvature Variation (MICV) for tensor product B�zier surfaces. The condition is a set of inequalities of the control points of the B�zier surface. Based on the MICV condition, ... Keywords: B�zier surface, monotone iso-parametric curvature variation, shape control
Yulin Wang; Shuchun Wang; Luzou Zhang; Bingyan Zhao
On the angular defect of triangulations and the pointwise approximation of curvatures
Let S be a smooth surface of E3, p a point on S, km, kM, kG and kH the maximum, minimum, Gauss and mean curvatures of S at p. Consider a set {pippi+1}i ... Keywords: approximations, curvatures, differential geometry, meshes, smooth surfaces
V. Borrelli; F. Cazals; J.-M. Morvan
A Novel Approach for Edge Detection of Images
Edge detection is a problem of fundamental importance in image analysis. Many approaches for edge detection have already revealed more are waiting to be. But edge detection using K-means algorithm is the most heuristic and unique approach. In this paper, ... Keywords: Edge-detection, K-means algorithm, gray scale images, artificial feature, cluster, mean, standard deviation, entropy, busyness
Debashis Ganguly; Swarnendu Mukherjee; Kheyali Mitra; Partha Mukherjee
Emerging Edge Capital EEC | Open Energy Information
Edge Capital EEC Edge Capital EEC Jump to: navigation, search Name Emerging Edge Capital (EEC) Place London, United Kingdom Zip SW1Y 4RS Sector Renewable Energy Product London-based company which sources and develops projects in renewable energy and other strategic sectors in emerging markets. Coordinates 51.506325°, -0.127144° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":51.506325,"lon":-0.127144,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Edge Excitations in Fractional Chern Insulators
Recent theoretical works have demonstrated the realization of fractional quantum anomalous Hall states (also called fractional Chern insulators) in topological flat band lattice models without an external magnetic field. Such newly proposed lattice systems play a vital role to obtain a large class of fractional topological phases. Here we report the exact numerical studies of edge excitations for such systems in a disk geometry loaded with hard-core bosons, which will serve as a more viable experimental probe for such topologically ordered states. We find convincing numerical evidence of a series of edge excitations characterized by the chiral Luttinger liquid theory for the bosonic fractional Chern insulators in both the honeycomb disk Haldane model and the kagom\\'{e}-lattice disk model. We further verify these current-carrying chiral edge states by inserting a central flux to test their compressibility.
Wei-Wei Luo; Wen-Chao Chen; Yi-Fei Wang; Chang-De Gong
Leading Edge Technologies Inc | Open Energy Information
Leading Edge Technologies Inc Leading Edge Technologies Inc Jump to: navigation, search Name Leading Edge Technologies Inc Place Lakeland, Florida Product Profitable manufacturer of lithium ion batteries for consumer electronics makers that merged with Skylab Technologies Group Inc in September 2001 to form Solicore. Coordinates 35.264796°, -89.724114° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":35.264796,"lon":-89.724114,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
EDGE Energy LLC | Open Energy Information
EDGE Energy LLC EDGE Energy LLC Jump to: navigation, search Name EDGE Energy LLC Place Phoenix, Arizona Zip 85018 Sector Solar Product Arizona-based solar developer focused on building commercial and utility-scale projects throughout the American Southwest. Coordinates 33.44826°, -112.075774° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":33.44826,"lon":-112.075774,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Clean Edge Inc | Open Energy Information
Clean Edge Inc Clean Edge Inc Name Clean Edge Inc Place Portland, Oregon Zip 97213 Region Pacific Northwest Area Coordinates 45.5352835°, -122.6037536° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":45.5352835,"lon":-122.6037536,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Shear and Curvature vorticity and Potential-Vorticity Interchanges: Interpretation and Application to a Cutoff Cyclone Event
Equations are presented for the evolution of isobaric shear and curvature vorticity and for isentropic shear and curvature potential vorticity in natural (streamline-following) coordinates, in the case of adiabatic, frictionless flow. In isobaric ...
Gerald D. Bell; Daniel Keyser
Strip edge cracking simulation in cold rolling
This research work focuses on a specific defect which occurs during cold rolling of steel strips: edge-serration. Investigations on the industrial processes have led to the conclusion that this defect is the result of the edge-trimming and cold rolling sequences. The aim of this research work is to analyze the effect of the cutting process and the cold rolling on cracks occurrence, especially on strip edges.This study is performed using an experimental testing stand called Upsetting Rolling Test (URT). It allows to reproduce cold rolling contact parameters such as forward slip, reduction ratio and friction coefficients. Specimens sampled near trimmed industrial strip edges are deformed using the URT stand. Two sets of specimens with different stress states, obtained by annealing, are submitted to two reduction passes with extreme forward slips.Scanning electron microscopy observations added to 3D optical surface profiler topographies show that on one hand, forward slip has a major effect on cracks opening. On the other hand, cracks opening decreases according to high roll strip speed gradient. Concerning the heat-treated specimens, no crack appeared after all reduction passes, showing a large influence of the cutting process and consequently of the local stress state in the vicinity of the burnish and fracture regions.
Hubert, C.; Dubar, L.; Dubar, M.; Dubois, A. [Univ Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille (France); UVHC, TEMPO EA 4542, F-59313 Valenciennes (France)
Edge diagnostics for tandem mirror machines
The edge plasma in a tandem mirror machine shields the plasma core from cold neutral gas and impurities. A variety of diagnostics are used to measure the fueling, shielding, and confinement of the edge plasma in both the end plug and central cell regions. Fast ion gauges and residual gas analyzers measure the gas pressure and composition outside of the plasma. An array of Langmuir probes is used to measure the electron density and temperature. Extreme ultraviolet (euv) and visible spectroscopy are used to measure both the impurity and deuterium densities and to estimate the shielding factor for the core plasma. The linear geometry of a tandem mirror also allows direct measurements of the edge plasma by sampling the ions and electrons lost but the ends of the machine. Representative data obtained by these diagnostics during operation of the Tandem Mirror Experiment (TMX) and Tandem Mirror Experiment-Upgrade (TMX-U) experiments are presented. Diagnostics that are currently being developed to diagnose the edge plasma are also discussed.
Allen, S.L.
Nonlocal Edge State Transport in Topological Insulators
We use the N-terminal scheme for studying the edge state transportin in two-dimensional topological insulators. We find the universal nonlocal response in the ballistic transport approach. This macroscopic exhibition of the topological order offers new areas for applications.
Alexander P. Protogenov; Evgueni V. Chulkov; Valery A. Verbus
Edge structure preserving 3-D image denoising
In various applications, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and functional MRI (fMRI), 3- D images get increasingly popular. To improve reliability of subsequent image analyses, 3-D image denoising is often a necessary pre-processing step, which ... Keywords: edge-preserving image restoration, jump regression analysis, surface estimation
Dual curvature acoustically damped concentrating collector. Final technical report
A development program was conducted to investigate the design and performance parameters of a novel, dual curvature, concentrating solar collector. The reflector of the solar collector is achieved with a stretched-film reflective surface that approximates a hyperbolic paraboloid and is capable of line-focusing at concentration ratios ranging from 10 to 20X. A prototype collector was designed based on analytical and experimental component trade-off activities as well as economic analyses of solar thermal heating and cooling systems incorporating this type of collector. A prototype collector incorporating six 0.66 x 1.22 m (2 x 4 ft) was fabricated and subjected to a limited thermal efficiency test program. A peak efficiency of 36% at 121/sup 0/C (250/sup 0/F) was achieved based upon the gross aperture area. Commercialization activities were conducted, including estimated production costs of $134.44/m/sup 2/ ($12.49/ft/sup 2/) for the collector assembly (including a local suntracker and controls) and $24.33/m/sup 2/ ($2.26/ft/sup 2/) for the reflector subassembly.
Smith, G.A.; Rausch, R.A.
Curvature and Frontier Orbital Energies in Density Functional Theory
Perdew et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett 49, 1691 (1982)] discovered and proved two different properties that exact Kohn-Sham density functional theory (DFT) must obey: (i) The exact total energy versus particle number must be a series of linear segments between integer electron points; (ii) Across an integer number of electrons, the exchange-correlation potential may ``jump�� by a constant, known as the derivative discontinuity (DD). Here, we show analytically that in both the original and the generalized Kohn-Sham formulation of DFT, the two are in fact two sides of the same coin. Absence of a derivative discontinuity necessitates deviation from piecewise linearity, and the latter can be used to correct for the former, thereby restoring the physical meaning of the orbital energies. Using selected small molecules, we show that this results in a simple correction scheme for any underlying functional, including semi-local and hybrid functionals as well as Hartree-Fock theory, suggesting a practical correction for the infamous gap problem of density functional theory. Moreover, we show that optimally-tuned range-separated hybrid functionals can inherently minimize both DD and curvature, thus requiring no correction, and show that this can be used as a sound theoretical basis for novel tuning strategies.
Stein, Tamar; Autschbach, Jochen; Govind, Niranjan; Kronik, Leeor; Baer, Roi
Edge-Preserving Image Reconstruction with Wavelet-Domain Edge Continuation
The standard approach to image reconstruction is to stabilize the problem by including an edge-preserving roughness penalty in addition to faithfulness to the data. However, this methodology produces noisy object boundaries and creates a staircase effect. ...
Marc C. Robini; Pierre-Jean Viverge; Yue-Min Zhu; Isabelle E. Magnin
Green's function asymptotics near the internal edges of spectra of periodic elliptic operators. Spectral edge case
Precise asymptotics known for the Green's function of the Laplace operator have found their analogs for periodic elliptic operators of the second order at and below the bottom of the spectrum. Due to the band-gap structure of the spectra of such operators, the question arises whether similar results can be obtained near or at the edges of spectral gaps. As the result of this work shows, this is possible at a spectral edge in dimensions d>2.
Peter Kuchment; Andrew Raich
Mapping solute excesses and curvature of grain boundaries | ornl.gov
Materials Under Extreme Materials Under Extreme Mapping solute excesses and curvature of grain boundaries November 21, 2013 2-D Cr and W Gibbsian interfacial excess maps and variations of the curvature over the grain boundary. The TiO++ map indicates the positions of the nanoclusters which correspond to the black regions in the curvature map. A novel characterization method has been developed that enables complete characteriza-tions of grain boundaries by atom probe tomography (APT) in terms of the orientation relationship of the adjacent grains, local variations of the habit plane, surface curvature, and the solute excesses over the surface of a grain boundary. The achieved 1 nm x 1 nm spatial resolution leads to an understanding of the mechanisms that lend certain materials, such as nanostruc-tured
Lateral Circulation in Well-Mixed and Stratified Estuarine Flows with Curvature
A field experiment was conducted to examine stratified and unstratified curvature-generated lateral circulation and momentum balances in an estuarine tidal channel. Conductivity, temperature, depth, and current profiler data were collected ...
Nicholas J. Nidzieko; James L. Hench; Stephen G. Monismith
Prognostic Equation for Radar Radial Velocity Derived by Considering Atmospheric Refraction and Earth Curvature
The prognostic equation for the radial velocity field observed with a Doppler radar is derived to include the effects of atmospheric refraction and earth curvature on radar-beam height and slope angle. The derived equation, called the radial ...
Qin Xu; Li Wei
Effect of Bathymetric Curvature on Gulf Stream Instability in the Vicinity of the Charleston Bump
The effect of the isobathic curvature on the development and evolution of Gulf Stream frontal waves (meanders and eddies) in the vicinity of the Charleston Bump (a topographic rise on the upper slope off Charleston, South Carolina; referred to as ...
Lian Xie; Xiaoming Liu; Leonard J. Pietrafesa
Multiscale Curvature-Based Shape Representation Using B-spline Wavelets
This paper presents a new multiscale curvature-based shape representation technique with application to curve data compression using B-spline wavelets. The properties and behavior of evolving curves in B-spline scale-space are investigated. They are shown to be similar to that in Gaussian scale-space, but B-spline representation enjoys a number of advantages over Gaussian kernels, for instance, the availability of fast algorithms. As an application of the multiscale shape representation, we introduce an algorithm and present some illustrative examples on curve data compression. The B-spline wavelet transforms are used to estimate efficiently the multiscale curvature functions. Based on the curvature scale-space image, we introduce a coarse-to-fine matching algorithm to automatically detect the dominant points and use them as control knots for curve interpolation. Keywords: B-spline, diffusion equation, curve evolution, curvature function, curve fitting. EDICS category: 1.6, 1.8, 3.4 ...
Yu-Ping Wang; S.L. Lee; K. Torachi
Effects of curvature and strain on a lean premixed methane-hydrogen-air flame
The elemental flame is a subgrid model for turbulent combustion, parameterized by time-varying strain rate and curvature. This thesis develops the unsteady one-dimensional governing equations for the elemental flame ...
Speth, Raymond L., 1981-
Three-dimensional metrics as deformations of a constant curvature metric
Any three-dimensional Riemannian metric can be locally obtained by deforming a constant curvature metric along one direction. The general interest of this result, both in geometry and physics, and related open problems are stressed.
B. Coll; J. Llosa; D. Soler
Space-time curvature due to quantum vacuum fluctuations: An alternative to dark energy?
It is pointed out that quantum vacuum fluctuations may give rise to a curvature of space-time equivalent to the curvature currently attributed to dark energy. A simple calculation is made, which suggests that the value of the dark energy density is roughly given by the product of Newton constant time the quantity m^6 c^4 h^-4, m being a typical mass of elementary particles. The estimate is compatible with observations.
Santos, Emilio
Edge physics considerations for IBW launch
Models for the edge interactions that occur in various regimes of IBW antenna operation have been developed. At high edge density, it is shown that rf sheath effects are important and give rise to significant power losses (anomalous loading). When the density at the antenna is low, the desired EPW-IBW mode transformation is sensitive to the density gradient scale length, and hence to ponderomotive effects. To treat the low density case, a second order equation describing mode transformation and reflection from the lower hybrid layer has been developed. Strong reflections are shown to occur when the density gradient is steep. Application of this model in the presence of self-consistent ponderomotive density modifications is the subject of a companion paper [1]. {copyright} {ital 1997 American Institute of Physics.}
Myra, J.R.; DIppolito, D.A.; Russell, D.A. [Lodestar Research Corp., 2400 Central Ave. P-5, Boulder, Colorado 80301 (United States); Rogers, J.H. [Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543 (United States)
Rimmed and edge thickened Stodola shaped flywheel
A flywheel is described that is useful for energy storage in a hybrid vehicle automotive power system or in some stationary applications. The flywheel has a body composed of essentially planar isotropic high strength material. The flywheel body is enclosed by a rim of circumferentially wound fiber embedded in resin. The rim promotes flywheel safety and survivability. The flywheel has a truncated and edge thickened Stodola shape designed to optimize system mass and energy storage capability. 6 figs.
Kulkarni, S.V.; Stone, R.G.
Permanent magnet edge-field quadrupole
Planar permanent magnet edge-field quadrupoles for use in particle accelerating machines and in insertion devices designed to generate spontaneous or coherent radiation from moving charged particles are disclosed. The invention comprises four magnetized rectangular pieces of permanent magnet material with substantially similar dimensions arranged into two planar arrays situated to generate a field with a substantially dominant quadrupole component in regions close to the device axis.
Tatchyn, Roman O. (Mountain View, CA)
No large scale curvature perturbations during the waterfall phase transition of hybrid inflation
In this paper the possibility of generating large scale curvature perturbations induced from the entropic perturbations during the waterfall phase transition of the standard hybrid inflation model is studied. We show that whether or not appreciable amounts of large scale curvature perturbations are produced during the waterfall phase transition depends crucially on the competition between the classical and the quantum mechanical backreactions to terminate inflation. If one considers only the classical evolution of the system, we show that the highly blue-tilted entropy perturbations induce highly blue-tilted large scale curvature perturbations during the waterfall phase transition which dominate over the original adiabatic curvature perturbations. However, we show that the quantum backreactions of the waterfall field inhomogeneities produced during the phase transition dominate completely over the classical backreactions. The cumulative quantum backreactions of very small scale tachyonic modes terminate inflation very efficiently and shut off the curvature perturbation evolution during the waterfall phase transition. This indicates that the standard hybrid inflation model is safe under large scale curvature perturbations during the waterfall phase transition.
Abolhasani, Ali Akbar [Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); School of Physics, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), P.O. Box 19395-5531, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Firouzjahi, Hassan [School of Physics, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), P.O. Box 19395-5531, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of)
Curvature perturbation in multi-field inflation with non-minimal coupling
In this paper we discuss a multi-field model of inflation in which generally all fields are non-minimally coupled to the Ricci scalar and have non-canonical kinetic terms. The background evolution and first-order perturbations for the model are evaluated in both the Jordan and Einstein frames, and the respective curvature perturbations compared. We confirm that they are indeed not the same - unlike in the single-field case - and also that the difference is a direct consequence of the isocurvature perturbations inherent to multi-field models. This result leads us to conclude that the notion of adiabaticity is not invariant under conformal transformations. Using a two-field example we show that even if in one frame the evolution is adiabatic, meaning that the curvature perturbation is conserved on super-horizon scales, in general in the other frame isocurvature perturbations continue to source the curvature perturbation. We also find that it is possible to realise a particular model in which curvature perturbations in both frames are conserved but with each being of different magnitude. These examples highlight that the curvature perturbation itself, despite being gauge-invariant, does not correspond directly to an observable. The non-equivalence of the two curvature perturbations would also be important when considering the addition of Standard Model matter into the system.
Jonathan White; Masato Minamitsuji; Misao Sasaki
SolarEdge Technologies Inc | Open Energy Information
Twitter icon SolarEdge Technologies Inc Jump to: navigation, search Name SolarEdge Technologies Inc Place Hod Hasharon, Israel Zip 45240 Sector Solar Product Israel-based...
Plasma Edge Transport with Stochastic Magnetic Field Structures
Edge Physics and Exhaust / Proceedings of the Tenth Carolus Magnus Summer School on Plasma and Fusion Energy Physics
Oliver Schmitz
Preconditioned edge-preserving image deblurring and denoising
Keywords: Markov random field, edge-preserving regularization, interacting line process, non-convex optimization, preconditioned conjugate gradient
Luigi Bedini; Gianna M. Del Corso; Anna Tonazzini
The inaccuracies introduced by using the static deflection curve as the dynamic deflection curve and measuring the response of a uniform beam in terms of tip deflection are studied. The mentioned inaccuracies are assessed on the assumption that root curvature (i.e., stress or strain) rather than tip deflection is the correct measure of the beam's response. (auth)
Barton, M.V.; McLarnan, C.W.
An Edge-to-Edge Overlay Congestion Control Architecture for the Internet
This paper proposes an edge-to-edge overlay congestion control architecture for managing traffic aggregates. Motivated by scalability issues, the core rate-based scheme breaks up congestion in the intermediate network(s) and distributes it across overlay edges leading to superior best-effort performance. Consolidation of bottlenecks at overlay edges also enables the creation of purely edge-based better-best-effort services, such as an end-to-end lossless TCP service illustrated in the paper. Our overlay architecture is unique in that it: a) does not require any support from interior network nodes or end-systems (unlike ATM ABR [15], credit-based schemes [19], bit-based schemes [25], [6] or TCP modifications [12], [23]) b) operates in a lossless manner with bounded buffers unlike TCP which uses packet loss to indicate congestion [11], c) aims to complement, not substitute existing end-to-end congestion control (eg: TCP) or traffic management schemes (eg: diff-serv [1]) to achieve scal...
David Harrison; Shivkumar Kalyanaraman
Edge Simulation Laboratory Progress and Plans
The Edge Simulation Laboratory (ESL) is a project to develop a gyrokinetic code for MFE edge plasmas based on continuum (Eulerian) techniques. ESL is a base-program activity of OFES, with an allied algorithm research activity funded by the OASCR base math program. ESL OFES funds directly support about 0.8 FTE of career staff at LLNL, a postdoc and a small fraction of an FTE at GA, and a graduate student at UCSD. In addition the allied OASCR program funds about 1/2 FTE each in the computations directorates at LBNL and LLNL. OFES ESL funding for LLNL and UCSD began in fall 2005, while funding for GA and the math team began about a year ago. ESL's continuum approach is a complement to the PIC-based methods of the CPES Project, and was selected (1) because of concerns about noise issues associated with PIC in the high-density-contrast environment of the edge pedestal, (2) to be able to exploit advanced numerical methods developed for fluid codes, and (3) to build upon the successes of core continuum gyrokinetic codes such as GYRO, GS2 and GENE. The ESL project presently has three components: TEMPEST, a full-f, full-geometry (single-null divertor, or arbitrary-shape closed flux surfaces) code in E, {mu} (energy, magnetic-moment) coordinates; EGK, a simple-geometry rapid-prototype code, presently of; and the math component, which is developing and implementing algorithms for a next-generation code. Progress would be accelerated if we could find funding for a fourth, computer science, component, which would develop software infrastructure, provide user support, and address needs for data handing and analysis. We summarize the status and plans for the three funded activities.
Cohen, R
A flywheel (10) is described that is useful for energy storage in a hybrid vehicle automotive power system or in some stationary applications. The flywheel (10) has a body (15) composed of essentially planar isotropic high strength material. The flywheel (10) body (15) is enclosed by a rim (50) of circumferentially wound fiber (2) embedded in resin (3). The rim (50) promotes flywheel (10) safety and survivability. The flywheel (10) has a truncated and edge thickened Stodola shape designed to optimize system mass and energy storage capability.
Kulkarni, Satish V. (San Ramon, CA); Stone, Richard G. (Oakland, CA)
Tailored edge-ray reflectors for illumination
The edge-ray principle can be used to tailor a reflector. However, one set of edge rays already fully determines the reflector profile. We present a design method for tailoring compact compound elliptical concentrator (CEC)-type reflectors to a given source and a desired angular power distribution. Two reflected images of the source, one on each side of the source, contribute together with the direct radiation from the source to produce the desired power distribution. We determine the reflector profile by numerically solving a differential equation. No optimization is required. Beyond the angular region in which the power distribution can be strictly controlled, the power drops to zero in a finite decay range. This decay range becomes narrower as the reflector increases in size. We show a reflector for producing a strictly constant irradiance from [minus] 43 to 43 deg from a cylindrical source of constant brightness. The reflector extends to a maximum distance of 8 source diameters. No power is radiated beyond [plus minus] 50 deg.
Ries, H.R.; Winston, R. (Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 (United States))
The Influence of Graphene Curvature on Hydrogen Adsorption: Towards Hydrogen Storage Devices
The ability of atomic hydrogen to chemisorb on graphene makes the latter a promising material for hydrogen storage. Based on scanning tunneling microscopy techniques, we report on site-selective adsorption of atomic hydrogen on convexly curved regions of monolayer graphene grown on SiC(0001). This system exhibits an intrinsic curvature owing to the interaction with the substrate. We show that at low coverage hydrogen is found on convex areas of the graphene lattice. No hydrogen is detected on concave regions. These findings are in agreement with theoretical models which suggest that both binding energy and adsorption barrier can be tuned by controlling the local curvature of the graphene lattice. This curvature-dependence combined with the known graphene flexibility may be exploited for storage and controlled release of hydrogen at room temperature making it a valuable candidate for the implementation of hydrogen-storage devices.
Goler, Sarah; Tozzini, Valentina; Piazza, Vincenzo; Mashoff, Torge; Beltram, Fabio; Pellegrini, Vittorio; Heun, Stefan
Microchannel Cooled Edge Cladding to Establish an Adiabatic Boundary Condition in a Slab Laser
The present invention provides an edge cladding for a slab laser, the edge cladding comprising a cooling channel system therein.
Albrecht, Georg F.; Beach, Raymond J.; Solarz, Richard W.
Large-scale magnetic fields, curvature fluctuations and the thermal history of the Universe
It is shown that gravitating magnetic fields affect the evolution of curvature perturbations in a way that is reminiscent of a pristine non-adiabatic pressure fluctuation. The gauge-invariant evolution of curvature perturbations is used to constrain the magnetic power spectrum. Depending on the essential features of the thermodynamic history of the Universe, the explicit derivation of the bound is modified. The theoretical uncertainty in the constraints on the magnetic energy spectrum is assessed by comparing the results obtained in the case of the conventional thermal history with the estimates stemming from less conventional (but phenomenologically allowed) post-inflationary evolutions.
Massimo Giovannini
Anomalous Roughening of Curvature-Driven Growth With a Variable Interface Window
We studied the curvature-driven roughening of a disk domain pattern with a variable interface window. The relaxation of interface is driven by negative surface tension . When a domain boundary propagates radially at a constant rate, we found that evolution of interface roughness follows scaling dynamic behavior. The local growth exponents are substantially different from the global exponents. Curvature-driven roughening belongs to a new class of anomalous roughening dynamics. However, a different surface tension leads to different global exponents. This is different from that of interface evolution with a fixed-size window, which has universal exponent. The variable growth window leads to a new class of anomalous roughening dynamics.
Yong-Jun Chen; Yuko Nagamine; Tomohiko Yamaguchi; Kenichi Yoshikawa
Dynamics of a thin liquid film with surface rigidity and spontaneous curvature
The effect of rigid surfaces on the dynamics of thin liquid films which are amenable to the lubrication approximation is considered. It is shown that the Helfrich energy of the layer gives rise to additional terms in the time-evolution equations of the liquid film. The dynamics is found to depend on the absolute value of the spontaneous curvature, irrespective of its sign. Due to the additional terms, a novel finite wavelength instability of flat rigid interfaces can be observed. Furthermore, the dependence of the shape of a droplet on the bending rigidity as well as on the spontaneous curvature is discussed.
K�pf, Michael H; Wulf, Thomas; Friedrich, Rudolf
Michael H. K�pf; Svetlana V. Gurevich; Thomas Wulf; Rudolf Friedrich
Effects of curvature and compressibility on the stability of thermal fronts
The stability of subsonic thermal fronts against corrugation is analyzed and an exact dispersion relation is obtained taking into account the effects of the curvature of the distorted front as well as the compressibility of the gas. At a certain value of the Mach number ahead of the thermal front, unstable rates show a maximum; these rates drop to zero when a Chapman-Jouguet regime is established behind heat fronts. It is shown that curvature effects tend to stabilize conductive heat fronts propagating in a compressible gas.
Ibanez S, Miguel H.; Bessega L, Maria C.; Shchekinov, Yuri [Centro de Fisica Fundamental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, Apartado 26, Ipostel, La Hechicera, Merida (Venezuela); Centro de Fisica Teorica y Computacional, Escuela de Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas (Venezuela); Department of Physics, University of Rostov, Rostov on Don, 34409 (Russian Federation)
Casimir force at a knife's edge
The Casimir force has been computed exactly for only a few simple geometries, such as infinite plates, cylinders, and spheres. We show that a parabolic cylinder, for which analytic solutions to the Helmholtz equation are available, is another case where such a calculation is possible. We compute the interaction energy of a parabolic cylinder and an infinite plate (both perfect mirrors), as a function of their separation and inclination, H and {theta}, and the cylinder's parabolic radius R. As H/R{yields}0, the proximity force approximation becomes exact. The opposite limit of R/H{yields}0 corresponds to a semi-infinite plate, where the effects of edge and inclination can be probed.
Graham, Noah [Department of Physics, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont 05753 (United States); Shpunt, Alexander; Rahi, Sahand Jamal; Kardar, Mehran [Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 (United States); Emig, Thorsten [Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 (United States); Institut fuer Theoretische Physik, Universitaet zu Koeln, Zuelpicher Strasse 77, 50937 Koeln (Germany); Laboratoire de Physique Theorique et Modeles Statistiques, CNRS UMR 8626, Batiment 100, Universite Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay cedex (France); Jaffe, Robert L. [Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 (United States); Center for Theoretical Physics and Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 (United States)
Casimir Force at a Knife's Edge
The Casimir force has been computed exactly for only a few simple geometries, such as infinite plates, cylinders, and spheres. We show that a parabolic cylinder, for which analytic solutions to the Helmholtz equation are available, is another case where such a calculation is possible. We compute the interaction energy of a parabolic cylinder and an infinite plate (both perfect mirrors), as a function of their separation and inclination, $H$ and $\\theta$, and the cylinder's parabolic radius $R$. As $H/R\\to 0$, the proximity force approximation becomes exact. The opposite limit of $R/H\\to 0$ corresponds to a semi-infinite plate, where the effects of edge and inclination can be probed.
Noah Graham; Alexander Shpunt; Thorsten Emig; Sahand Jamal Rahi; Robert L. Jaffe; Mehran Kardar
Benchmarking PDR models against the Horsehead edge
To prepare for the unprecedented spatial and spectral resolution provided by ALMA and Herschel/HIFI, chemical models are being benchmarked against each other. It is obvious that chemical models also need well-constrained observations that can serve as references. Photo-dissociation regions (PDRs) are particularly well suited to serve as references because they make the link between diffuse and molecular clouds, thus enabling astronomers to probe a large variety of physical and chemical processes. At a distance of 400 pc (1" corresponding to 0.002 pc), the Horsehead PDR is very close to the prototypical kind of source (i.e. 1D, edge-on) needed to serve as a reference to models.
J�r�me Pety; Javier R. Goicoechea; Maryvonne Gerin; Pierre Hily-Blant; David Teyssier; Evelyne Roueff; Emilie Habart; Alain Abergel
Very high radiance edge-emitting LED
A new light-emitting diode (LED) whose radiance is 1000 W/cm/sup 2/sr, an order of magnitude higher than any previous LED, is described. The LED is an (AlGa)As double-heterojunction edge-emitting structure. This structure acts as a waveguide for the internally generated light, and with appropriate Al concentration difference at the heterojunctions (..delta..x approximately equal to 0.3) and active region width (approximately 500 A), the radiation pattern perpendicular to the junction can be less than 30/sup 0/ (FWHM). For fiber-optic communications this LED is capable of coupling 850 ..mu..w, at a coupling loss of only -10 dB into a 0.14-numerical-aperture (NA), 90-..mu..m-diam low-loss fiber. The LED is capable of being directly modulated at 250 MHz and has a spectral width of less than 300 A.
Ettenberg, M.; Kressel, H.; Wittke, J.P.
A new edge selection heuristic for computing the Tutte ... - CECM
is that our new edge selection heuristic, when combined with our vertex ordering, .... algorithm finds a short cycle in the first iteration, then in the subsequent�...
Segregation of Ru to Edge Dislocations in Uranium Dioxide
Presentation Title, Segregation of Ru to Edge Dislocations in Uranium Dioxide. Author(s), Anuj Goyal, Bowen Deng, Minki Hong, Aleksandr Chernatynskiy,�...
Edge Turbulence Velocity Changes with Lithium Coating on NSTX
Lithium coating improves energy confinement and eliminates edge localized modes in NSTX, but the mechanism of this improvement is not yet well understood. We used the gas-puff-imaging (GPI) diagnostic on NSTX to measure the changes in edge turbulence which occurred during a scan with variable lithium wall coating, in order to help understand the reason for the confinement improvement with lithium. There was a small increase in the edge turbulence poloidal velocity and a decrease in the poloidal velocity fluctuation level with increased lithium. The possible effect of varying edge neutral density on turbulence damping was evaluated for these cases in NSTX. __________________________________________________
A. Cao, S.J. Zweben, D.P. Stotler, M. Bell, A. Diallo, S.M. Kaye and B. LeBlanc
Edge Radial Electric Field on Alcator C-Mod
Edge Radial Electric Field on Alcator C-Mod Edge Radial Electric Field on Alcator C-Mod R. M. McDermott 1 , B. Lipschultz 1 , K. Marr 1 , I. Bespamyatnov 2 , J. W. Hughes 1 , W. Rowan 2, , D. Whyte 1 1 Plasma Science and Fusion Center, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA 2 Fusion Research Center, University of Texas, Austin Texas, USA Edge CXRS System on Alcator C-Mod E r in L-Mode Plasmas Calculation of the Radial Electric Field C G D Edge Poloidal System:
Flight path-driven mitigation of wavefront curvature effects in SAR images
A wavefront curvature effect associated with a complex image produced by a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) can be mitigated based on which of a plurality of possible flight paths is taken by the SAR when capturing the image. The mitigation can be performed differently for different ones of the flight paths.
Doerry, Armin W. (Albuquerque, NM)
Repeated games for eikonal equations, integral curvature flows and non-linear parabolic
Repeated games for eikonal equations, integral curvature flows and non-linear parabolic integro works of Kohn and the second author (2006 and 2009): general fully non-linear parabolic integro- surfaces. For parabolic integro-differential equations, players choose smooth functions on the whole space
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Wave polarizations for a beam-like gravitational wave in quadratic curvature gravity
We compute analytically the tidal field and polarizations of an exact gravitational wave generated by a cylindrical beam of null matter of finite width and length in quadratic curvature gravity. We propose that this wave can represent the gravitational wave that keep up with the high energy photons produced in a gamma ray burst (GRB) source.
E. C. de Rey Neto; J. C. N. de Araujo; O. D. Aguiar
Edge-preserving color image denoising through tensor voting
This paper presents a new method for edge-preserving color image denoising based on the tensor voting framework, a robust perceptual grouping technique used to extract salient information from noisy data. The tensor voting framework is adapted to encode ... Keywords: CIEDE2000, CIELAB, Edge preservation, Image denoising, Perceptual grouping, Tensor voting
Rodrigo Moreno; Miguel Angel Garcia; Domenec Puig; Carme Juli�
Continuum Edge Gyrokinetic Theory and Simulations
The following results are presented from the development and application of TEMPEST, a fully nonlinear (full-f) five dimensional (3d2v) gyrokinetic continuum edge-plasma code. (1) As a test of the interaction of collisions and parallel streaming, TEMPEST is compared with published analytic and numerical results for endloss of particles confined by combined electrostatic and magnetic wells. Good agreement is found over a wide range of collisionality, confining potential, and mirror ratio; and the required velocity space resolution is modest. (2) In a large-aspect-ratio circular geometry, excellent agreement is found for a neoclassical equilibrium with parallel ion flow in the banana regime with zero temperature gradient and radial electric field. (3) The four-dimensional (2d2v) version of the code produces the first self-consistent simulation results of collisionless damping of geodesic acoustic modes and zonal flow (Rosenbluth-Hinton residual) with Boltzmann electrons using a full-f code. The electric field is also found to agree with the standard neoclassical expression for steep density and ion temperature gradients in the banana regime. In divertor geometry, it is found that the endloss of particles and energy induces parallel flow stronger than the core neoclassical predictions in the SOL. (5) Our 5D gyrokinetic formulation yields a set of nonlinear electrostatic gyrokinetic equations that are for both neoclassical and turbulence simulations.
Xu, X Q; Xiong, Z; Dorr, M R; Hittinger, J A; Bodi, K; Candy, J; Cohen, B I; Cohen, R H; Colella, P; Kerbel, G D; Krasheninnikov, S; Nevins, W M; Qin, H; Rognlien, T D; Snyder, P B; Umansky, M V
Noise-robust edge detector combining isotropic and anisotropic Gaussian kernels
A new noise-robust edge detector is proposed, which combines a small-scaled isotropic Gaussian kernel and large-scaled anisotropic Gaussian kernels (ANGKs) to obtain edge maps of images. Its main advantage is that noise reduction is attained while maintaining ... Keywords: Anisotropic Gaussian kernels (ANGKs), Anisotropic directional derivatives, Edge detection, Edge resolution, Edge stretch effect
Peng-Lang Shui; Wei-Chuan Zhang
Characterization of the TEXTOR plasma edge using deposition probe techniques
Carbon and single crystal silicon passive deposition probes were used to measure the characteristics of the plasma edge region of the TEXTOR tokamak. Analysis of the probes was done by Rutherford backscattering for impurities and nuclear reaction analysis and elastic recoil detection for hydrogen isotopes. Plasma fluxes and energies in the edge were measured using these techniques. The principal impurities in the plasma edge were determined and their behavior as a function of time and position was measured. Measurements were also made of in situ erosion rates. The results are compared with independent measurements of other plasma parameters to study possible impurity introduction mechanisms.
Zuhr, R.A.
The quantum free particle on spherical and hyperbolic spaces: A curvature dependent approach. II
This paper is the second part of a study of the quantum free particle on spherical and hyperbolic spaces by making use of a curvature-dependent formalism. Here we study the analogues, on the three-dimensional spherical and hyperbolic spaces, S{sub {kappa}}{sup 3} ({kappa} > 0) and H{sub k}{sup 3} ({kappa} < 0), to the standard spherical waves in E{sup 3}. The curvature {kappa} is considered as a parameter and for any {kappa} we show how the radial Schroedinger equation can be transformed into a {kappa}-dependent Gauss hypergeometric equation that can be considered as a {kappa}-deformation of the (spherical) Bessel equation. The specific properties of the spherical waves in the spherical case are studied with great detail. These have a discrete spectrum and their wave functions, which are related with families of orthogonal polynomials (both {kappa}-dependent and {kappa}-independent), and are explicitly obtained.
Carinena, Jose F.; Ranada, Manuel F. [Departamento de Fisica Teorica and IUMA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza (Spain); Santander, Mariano [Departamento de Fisica Teorica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid (Spain)
Darboux transforms and simple factor dressing of constant mean curvature surfaces
We define a transformation on harmonic maps from a Riemann surface into the 2-sphere which depends on a complex parameter, the so-called mu-Darboux transformation. In the case when the harmonic map N is the Gauss map of a constant mean curvature surface f and the parameter is real, the mu-Darboux transformation of -N is the Gauss map of a classical Darboux transform f. More generally, for all complex parameter the transformation on the harmonic Gauss map of f is induced by a (generalized) Darboux transformation on f. We show that this operation on harmonic maps coincides with simple factor dressing, and thus generalize results on classical Darboux transforms of constant mean curvature surfaces: every mu-Darboux transform is a simple factor dressing, and vice versa.
Burstall, F E; Leschke, K; Quintino, A
In [2] Donaldson proved that if a polarized manifold (V, L) has constant scalar curvature K�hler metrics in c1(L) and its automorphism group Aut(V, L) is discrete, (V, L) is asymptotically Chow stable. In this paper, we shall show an example which implies that the above result does not hold in the case when Aut(V, L) is not discrete.
Hajime Ono; et al.
From Maxwell Stresses to Photon-like Objects through Curvature Geometrisation of Physical Interaction
This paper aims to review our recent results on exploring the capabilities of non-quantum field theory as a possible tool for describing single photon-like objects, considered as massless time-stable spatially finite physical entities with compatible translational-rotational dynamical structure. The main idea is to interpret the local physical interaction as available Frobenius curvature. It consists of five chapters and includes 22 sections and subsections.
Stoil Donev; Maria Tashkova
T-duality of curvature terms in D-brane actions
We examine the known curvature terms in the DBI part of the D-brane action under the T-duality transformation. Using the compatibility of the action with the standard rules of T-duality at the linear order as a guiding principle, we include the appropriate NS-NS $B$-field terms in the action and show that they reproduce the O(\\alpha'^2) terms of the corresponding disk-level scattering amplitude.
Mohammad R. Garousi
Weak Gravity Conjecture and Holographic Dark Energy Model with Interaction and Spatial Curvature
In the paper, we apply the weak gravity conjecture to the holographic quintessence model of dark energy. Three different holographic dark energy models are considered: without the interaction in the non-flat universe; with interaction in the flat universe; with interaction in the non-flat universe. We find that only in the models with the spatial curvature and interaction term proportional to the energy density of matter, it is possible for the weak gravity conjecture to be satisfied.
Cheng-Yi Sun
Measurement of the curvature of a surface using parallel light beams
Apparatus for measuring curvature of a surface wherein a beam of collimated light is passed through means for producing a plurality of parallel light beams each separated by a common distance which then reflect off the surface to fall upon a detector that measures the separation of the reflected beams of light. This means can be an etalon and the combination of a diffractive element and a converging lens. The curvature of the surface along the line onto which the multiple beams fall can be calculated from this information. A two-dimensional map of the curvature can be obtained by adding a second etalon (or a second combination of a diffractive element and a converging lens) which is rotated 90.degree. about the optical axis relative to the first etalon and inclined at the same angle. The second etalon creates an individual set of parallel light beams from each of the individual beams created by the first etalon with the sets of parallel light beams from the second etalon rotated 90.degree. relative to the line onto which the single set of parallel beams from the first etalon would have fallen.
Chason, Eric H. (Sandia Park, NM); Floro, Jerrold A. (Edgewood, NM); Seager, Carleton H. (Albuquerque, NM); Sinclair, Michael B. (Albuquerque, NM)
Visualizing Spacetime Curvature via Frame-Drag Vortexes and Tidal Tendexes II. Stationary Black Holes
When one splits spacetime into space plus time, the Weyl curvature tensor (which equals the Riemann tensor in vacuum) splits into two spatial, symmetric, traceless tensors: the tidal field $E$, which produces tidal forces, and the frame-drag field $B$, which produces differential frame dragging. In recent papers, we and colleagues have introduced ways to visualize these two fields: tidal tendex lines (integral curves of the three eigenvector fields of $E$) and their tendicities (eigenvalues of these eigenvector fields); and the corresponding entities for the frame-drag field: frame-drag vortex lines and their vorticities. These entities fully characterize the vacuum Riemann tensor. In this paper, we compute and depict the tendex and vortex lines, and their tendicities and vorticities, outside the horizons of stationary (Schwarzschild and Kerr) black holes; and we introduce and depict the black holes' horizon tendicity and vorticity (the normal-normal components of $E$ and $B$ on the horizon). For Schwarzschild and Kerr black holes, the horizon tendicity is proportional to the horizon's intrinsic scalar curvature, and the horizon vorticity is proportional to an extrinsic scalar curvature. We show that, for horizon-penetrating time slices, all these entities ($E$, $B$, the tendex lines and vortex lines, the lines' tendicities and vorticities, and the horizon tendicities and vorticities) are affected only weakly by changes of slicing and changes of spatial coordinates, within those slicing and coordinate choices that are commonly used for black holes. [Abstract is abbreviated.
Fan Zhang; Aaron Zimmerman; David A. Nichols; Yanbei Chen; Geoffrey Lovelace; Keith D. Matthews; Robert Owen; Kip S. Thorne
Summary World Biofuels Energy Data (from World on the Edge) ...
related to world biofuels production. It is part of a supporting dataset for the book World On the Edge: How to Prevent Environmental and Economic Collapse by�Lester R....
(a,d)-edge-antimagic total labelings of caterpillars
For a graph G = (V,E), a bijection g from V(G) ? E(G) into { 1,2, ..., ? V(G) ? + ? E(G) ? } is called (a,d)-edge-antimagic ...
K. A. Sugeng; M. Miller; Slamin; M. Ba?a
Summary World Oil Data (from World on the Edge)
Oil Data (from World on the Edge) This dataset presents summary...
Dilation-optimal edge deletion in polygonal cycles
Let C be a polygonal cycle on n vertices in the plane. A randomizedalgorithm is presented which computes in O(n log3 n) expectedtime, the edge of C whose removal results in a polygonal path of smallestpossible ...
Hee-Kap Ahn; Mohammad Farshi; Christian Knauer; Michiel Smid; Yajun Wang
Numerical Model Studies of Long-Period Edge Waves
A numerical modeling study of aspects of the generation and propagation of long-period edge waves along a continental shelf is described. The numerical model is based on the traditional shallow-water dynamics. A scale analysis indicates that ...
F. A. Shillington; D. Van Foreest
Design and dimensioning of an edge router using Markov model
This paper presents the formulation, modelling and analysis of network traffic for the purpose of designing an edge router. Presuming packet arrival in Poisson's process and departure or service time distribution to be exponential, a Markov model ... Keywords: CTMC, IID, MMPP, Markov modulated Poisson process, QoS, buffer capacity, buffer occupancy, computer networks, continuous time Markov chain, edge routers, independent identically distributed, link speed, load factor, network traffic, quality of service
Partha Bhattacharjee; Goutam Sanyal
Edge region hydrogen line emission in the PDX tokamak
Measurements of the H/sub ..cap alpha../ line shape and of the spatial distribution of the H/sub ..cap alpha../ emissivity in the PDX tokamak are interpreted in terms of molecular dissociation reactions at the plasma edge. The influx of molecules is shown to be roughly proportional to the edge emission intensity over a wide range of temperatures. The H/sub 2/ particle lifetime is estimated for various types of discharges in PDX.
McNeill, D.H.; Bell, M.G.; Grek, B.; LeBlanc, B.
Measurements of the H/sub ..cap alpha../ line shape and of the spatial distribution of H/sub ..cap alpha../ emissivity in the PDX tokamak are interpreted in terms of molecular dissociation reactions at the plasma edge. The in-flux of molecules is shown to be roughly proportional to the edge emission intensity over a wide range of temperatures. The H/sub 2/ particle lifetime is estimated for various types of discharges in PDX.
Generating vorticity and magnetic fields in plasmas in general relativity: Spacetime curvature drive
Using the generally covariant magnetofluid formalism for a hot plasma, a spacetime curvature driven mechanism for generating seed vorticity/magnetic field is presented. The 'battery' owes its origin to the interaction between the gravity modified Lorentz factor of the fluid element and the inhomogeneous plasma thermodynamics. The general relativistic drive is evaluated for two simple cases: seed formation in a simplified model of a hot plasma accreting in stable orbits around a Schwarzschild black hole and for particles in free fall near the horizon. Some astrophysical applications are suggested.
Asenjo, Felipe A.; Mahajan, Swadesh M. [Institute for Fusion Studies, University of Texas at Austin, Texas 78712 (United States); Qadir, Asghar [Centre for Advanced Mathematics and Physics, National University of Sciences and Technology, H12, Islamabad 4400 (Pakistan)
Partnering with National Labs Brings Cutting Edge Technology to Market |
Partnering with National Labs Brings Cutting Edge Technology to Partnering with National Labs Brings Cutting Edge Technology to Market Partnering with National Labs Brings Cutting Edge Technology to Market October 13, 2011 - 4:11pm Addthis The inside of the specimen/vacuum chamber of NREL's FEI Nova 200 dual beam electron microscope used to analyze the topography of materials such as Innovalight's Silicon Ink. The instrument is used to produce site-specific sections for high spatial microstructural analysis. The inside of the specimen/vacuum chamber of NREL's FEI Nova 200 dual beam electron microscope used to analyze the topography of materials such as Innovalight's Silicon Ink. The instrument is used to produce site-specific sections for high spatial microstructural analysis. Niketa Kumar Niketa Kumar Public Affairs Specialist, Office of Public Affairs
Edge States: Topological Insulators, Superconductors and QCD Chiral Bags
The dynamics of the magnetic field in a superconducting phase is described by an effective massive bosonic field theory. If the superconductor is confined in a domain M with boundary \\partial M, the boundary conditions of the electromagnetic fields are predetermined by physics. They are time-reversal and also parity invariant for adapted geometry. They lead to edge excitations while in comparison, the bulk energies have a large gap. A similar phenomenon occurs for topological insulators where appropriate boundary conditions for the Dirac Hamiltonian also lead to similar edge states and an 'incompressible bulk'. They give spin-momentum locking as well. In addition time-reversal and parity invariance emerge for adapted geometry. Similar edge states appear in QCD bag models with chiral boundary conditions.
M. Asorey; A. P. Balachandran; J. M. Perez-Pardo
Composite polymer: Glass edge cladding for laser disks
Large neodymium glass laser disks for disk amplifiers such as those used in the Nova laser require an edge cladding which absorbs at 1 micrometer. This cladding prevents edge reflections from causing parasitic oscillations which would otherwise deplete the gain. Nova now utilizes volume-absorbing monolithic-glass claddings which are fused at high temperature to the disks. These perform quite well but are expensive to produce. Absorbing glass strips are adhesively bonded to the edges of polygonal disks using a bonding agent whose index of refraction matches that of both the laser and absorbing glass. Optical finishing occurs after the strips are attached. Laser disks constructed with such claddings have shown identical gain performance to the previous Nova disks and have been tested for hundreds of shots without significant degradation. 18 figs.
Powell, H.T.; Wolfe, C.A.; Campbell, J.H.; Murray, J.E.; Riley, M.O.; Lyon, R.E.; Jessop, E.S.
Cutting-Edge Building Technologies Offer Big Energy Savings Potential |
Cutting-Edge Building Technologies Offer Big Energy Savings Cutting-Edge Building Technologies Offer Big Energy Savings Potential Cutting-Edge Building Technologies Offer Big Energy Savings Potential November 5, 2013 - 3:36pm Addthis The Building Technologies Officeâs Emerging Technologies Program works to advance new commerical building technologies that are expected to reach the marketplace in five years or less. | Photo of National Renewable Energy Laboratory's Research Support Facility by Dennis Schroeder, National Renewable Energy Laboratory The Building Technologies Office's Emerging Technologies Program works to advance new commerical building technologies that are expected to reach the marketplace in five years or less. | Photo of National Renewable Energy Laboratory's Research Support Facility by Dennis Schroeder, National
Predicting the Performance of Edge Seal Materials for PV (Presentation)
Edge seal materials were evaluated using a 100-nm film of Ca deposited on glass and laminated to another glass substrate. As moisture penetrates the package it converts the Ca metal to transparent CaOH2 giving a clear indication of the depth to which moisture has entered. Using this method, we have exposed test samples to a variety of temperature and humidity conditions ranging from 45C and 10% RH up to 85C and 85% RH, to ultraviolet radiation and to mechanical stress. We are able to show that edge seal materials are capable of keeping moisture away from sensitive cell materials for the life of a module.
Kempe, M.; Panchagade, D.; Dameron, A.; Reese, M.
Flexible edge seal for vacuum insulating glazing units
A flexible edge seal is provided for a vacuum insulating glazing unit having a first glass pane and a second glass pane spaced-apart from the first. The edge seal comprises a seal member formed of a hermetically bondable material and having a first end, a second end and a center section disposed therebetween. The first end is hermetically bondable to a first glass pane. The second end is hermetically bondable to a second glass pane. The center section comprises a plurality of convolutes.
Bettger, Kenneth J.; Stark, David H.
Heavy-particle collisions in the plasma edge
Available cross-section data for heavy-particle collision processes which play important roles in the edge plasma of magnetically-confined fusion devices are surveyed and reviewed. The species considered include H, H/sub 2/, He, C, O, Fe, and their ions. The most important heavy-particle collision processes occurring in the edge plasma are charge-exchange reactions. Excitation and dissociation processes are also considered. Emphasis is given to relative collision velocities corresponding to plasma ion temperatures in the 1 to 200 eV range. Evaluated or recommended data are presented where possible along with their estimated uncertainties, and gaps in the data base are indicated.
Phaneuf, R.A.; Hunter, H.T.; Barnett, C.F.
Phantomlike behavior in a brane-world model with curvature effects
Recent observational evidence seems to allow the possibility that our Universe may currently be under a dark energy effect of a phantom nature. A suitable effective phantom fluid behavior can emerge in brane cosmology; in particular, within the normal non-self-accelerating Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati branch, without any exotic matter and due to curvature effects from induced gravity. The phantomlike behavior is based in defining an effective energy density that grows as the brane expands. This effective description breaks down at some point in the past when the effective energy density becomes negative and the effective equation of state parameter blows up. In this paper we investigate if the phantomlike regime can be enlarged by the inclusion of a Gauss-Bonnet (GB) term into the bulk. The motivation is that such a GB component would model additional curvature effects on the brane setting. More precisely, our aim is to determine if the GB term, dominating and modifying the early behavior of the brane universe, may eventually extend the regime of validity of the phantom mimicry on the brane. However, we show that the opposite occurs: the GB effect seems instead to induce a breakdown of the phantomlike behavior at an even smaller redshift.
Bouhmadi-Lopez, Mariam [Centro Multidisciplinar de Astrofisica - CENTRA, Departamento de Fisica, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa (Portugal); Moniz, Paulo Vargas [Centro Multidisciplinar de Astrofisica - CENTRA, Departamento de Fisica, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa (Portugal); Departamento de Fisica, Universidade da Beira Interior, Rua Marques d' Avila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilha (Portugal)
Towards understanding of Nipah virus attachment protein assembly and the role of protein affinity and crowding for membrane curvature events.
Pathogenic viruses are a primary threat to our national security and to the health and economy of our world. Effective defense strategies to combat viral infection and spread require the development of understanding of the mechanisms that these pathogens use to invade the host cell. We present in this report results of our research into viral particle recognition and fusion to cell membranes and the role that protein affinity and confinement in lipid domains plays in membrane curvature in cellular fusion and fission events. Herein, we describe 1) the assembly of the G attachment protein of Nipah virus using point mutation studies to define its role in viral particle fusion to the cell membrane, 2) how lateral pressure of membrane bound proteins induce curvature in model membrane systems, and 3) the role of membrane curvature in the selective partitioning of molecular receptors and specific affinity of associated proteins.
Stachowiak, Jeanne C.; Hayden, Carl C.; Negrete, Oscar A.; Davis, Ryan Wesley; Sasaki, Darryl Yoshio
Vickrey Prices and Shortest Paths: What is an Edge Worth?
We solve a shortest path problem that is motivated by recent interest in pricing networks or other computational resources. Informally, how much is an edge in a network worth to a user who wants to send data between two nodes along a shortest path? If ...
J. Hershberger; S. Suri
SciDAC-Center for Plasma Edge Simulation
The SciDAC ProtoFSP Center for Plasma Edge Simulation (CPES) [http://www.cims.nyu.edu/cpes/] was awarded to New York University, Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences in FY 2006. C.S. Chang was the institutional and national project PI. It��?s mission was 1) to build kinetic simulation code applicable to tokamak edge region including magnetic divertor geometry, 2) to build a computer science framework which can integrate the kinetic code with MHD/fluid codes in multiscale, 3) to conduct scientific research using the developed tools. CPES has built two such edge kinetic codes XGC0 and XGC1, which are still the only working kinetic edge plasma codes capable of including the diverted magnetic field geometry. CPES has also built the code coupling framework EFFIS (End-to-end Framework for Fusion Integrated Simulation), which incubated and used the Adios (www.olcf.ornl.gov/center-projects/adios/) and eSiMon (http://www.olcf.ornl.gov/center-projects/esimmon/) technologies, together with the Kepler technology.
Chang, Choong Seock
A subpixel edge detector applied to aortic dissection detection
The aortic dissection is a disease that can cause a deadly situation, even with a correct treatment. It consists in a rupture of a layer of the aortic artery wall, causing a blood flow inside this rupture, called dissection. The aim of this paper is ... Keywords: Anisotropic diffusion, aortic dissection, subpixel edge detection
A. Trujillo-Pino; K. Krissian; D. Santana-Cedr�s; J. Esclar�n-Monreal; J. M. Carreira-Villamor
Youtube traffic characterization: a view from the edge
This paper presents a traffic characterization study of the popular video sharing service, YouTube. Over a three month period we observed almost 25 million transactions between users on an edge network and YouTube, including more than 600,000 video downloads. ... Keywords: characterization, multimedia, web 2.0, youtube
Phillipa Gill; Martin Arlitt; Zongpeng Li; Anirban Mahanti
Living on the edge with the Oregon coastal atlas
In this paper, we describe an educational DVD entitled Living on the Edge: Building and Buying Property on the Oregon Coast, intended to alert homeowners, buyers, developers, realtors to the hazards associated with storms and other natural processes ... Keywords: atlas, coastal GIS, coastal resource management, geospatial data, internet map servers, natural hazards, public education, state government educational DVD, web GIS
Paul Klarin; Tanya Haddad; Joseph Cone; Dawn J. Wright
Mathematical Modelling for the Design of an Edge Router
This paper presents the formulation, modelling and analysisof network traffic for the purpose of designing an edge router, catering for a large campus. Presuming packet arrival from Poisson�s process, and departure or service time distribution ... Keywords: Markov Modulated Poisson Process, independent identically distributed, Quality of Service, Continuous Time Markov Chain, buffer capacity, link speed
Edge states induced by Iwatsuka Hamiltonians with positive magnetic fields
We study purely magnetic Schr\\"odinger operators in two-dimensions $(x,y)$ with magnetic fields $b(x)$ that depend only on the $x$-coordinate. The magnetic field $b(x)$ is assumed to be bounded, there are constants $0 \\epsilon$. The case of a jump in the magnetic field at $x=0$ corresponding to $\\epsilon=0$ is also studied. We prove that the magnetic field creates an effective barrier near $x=0$ that causes edge currents to flow along it consistent with the classical interpretation. We prove lower bounds on edge currents carried by states with energy localized inside the energy bands of the Hamiltonian. We prove that these edge current-carrying states are well-localized in $x$ to a region of size $b_-^{-1/2}$, also consistent with the classical interpretation. We demonstrate that the edge currents are stable with respect to various magnetic and electric perturbations. For a family of perturbations compactly supported in the $y$-direction, we prove that the time asymptotic current exists and satisfies the same lower bound.
Peter D. Hislop; Eric Soccorsi
Detecting Chiral Edge States in the Hofstadter Optical Lattice
We propose a realistic scheme to detect topological edge states in an optical lattice subjected to a synthetic magnetic field, based on a generalization of Bragg spectroscopy sensitive to angular momentum. We demonstrate that using a well-designed laser probe, the Bragg spectra provide an unambiguous signature of the topological edge states that establishes their chiral nature. This signature is present for a variety of boundaries, from a hard wall to a smooth harmonic potential added on top of the optical lattice. Experimentally, the Bragg signal should be very weak. To make it detectable, we introduce a "shelving method", based on Raman transitions, which transfers angular momentum and changes the internal atomic state simultaneously. This scheme allows to detect the weak signal from the selected edge states on a dark background, and drastically improves the detectivity. It also leads to the possibility to directly visualize the topological edge states, using in situ imaging, offering a unique and instructive view on topological insulating phases.
Nathan Goldman; Jerome Beugnon; Fabrice Gerbier
Flying between obstacles with an autonomous knife-edge maneuver
We develop an aircraft and control system that is capable of repeatedly performing a high speed (7m/s or 16 MPH) "knife-edge" maneuver through a gap that is smaller than the aircraft's wingspan. The maneuver consists of ...
Barry, Andrew J. (Andrew James)
ANIMAL TRAILFollow the clues and the map around the trail keeping your eyes peeled for the animals.
a forked tail and a wing span of nearly two metres. I love to eat carrion. My ancestors were around before called a drey high up in a tree. I can be red or grey. I like to eat nuts and I have a big bushy tail. I dinner whole. I have small feathers on the edge of my wings so I can fly silently. I like to eat lots
Frobenius Curvature, Electromagnetic Strain and Description of Photon-like Objects
This paper aims to present a general idea for description of spatially finite physical objects with a consistent nontrivial translational-rotational dynamical structure and evolution as a whole, making use of the mathematical concepts and structures connected with the Frobenius integrability/nonintegrability theorems and electromagnetic strain quantities. The idea is based on consideration of {\\it nonintegrable} subdistributions of some appropriate completely integrable distribution (differential system) on a manifold and then to make use of the corresponding curvatures and correspondingly directed strains as measures of interaction, i.e. of energy-momentum exchange among the physical subsystems mathematically represented by the nonintegrable subdistributions. The concept of photon-like object is introduced and description (including lagrangian) of such objects in these terms is given.
Donev, Stoil
On The Capacity of Surfaces in Manifolds with Nonnegative Scalar Curvature
Given a surface in an asymptotically flat 3-manifold with nonnegative scalar curvature, we derive an upper bound for the capacity of the surface in terms of the area of the surface and the Willmore functional of the surface. The capacity of a surface is defined to be the energy of the harmonic function which equals 0 on the surface and goes to 1 at infinity. Even in the special case of Euclidean space, this is a new estimate. More generally, equality holds precisely for a spherically symmetric sphere in a spatial Schwarzschild 3-manifold. As applications, we obtain inequalities relating the capacity of the surface to the Hawking mass of the surface and the total mass of the asymptotically flat manifold.
Hubert Bray; Pengzi Miao
Destabilization of the trapped electron mode by magnetic curvature drift resonances
Electron curvature drift resonances, ignored in earlier work on the trapped-electron modes, are found to exert a strong destabilizing influence in the lower collision frequency range of these instabilities. Effects arising from ion temperature gradients, shear, and finite ion gyroradius are included with these vector nebla-drifts in the analysis, and the resultant eigenvalue equation is solved by numerical procedures rather than the commonly used perturbation techniques. For typical tokamak parameters the maximum growth rates are found to be increased over earlier estimates by roughly a factor of 4, and requirements on magnetic shear strength for stabilization are likewise more severe and very difficult to satisfy. For inverted density profiles, this new destabilizing effect is rendered ineffective, with the result that the modes can be stabilized for achievable values of shear provided the temperature gradients are not too severe. Estimates of the particle and thermal energy transport are given for both normal and inverted profiles. (auth)
Adam, J.C.; Tang, W.M.; Rutherford, P.H.
Flow and heat transfer in a curved pipe with periodically varying curvature
A numerical analysis is carried out for the study of the flow and heat transfer for a laminar flow in a pipe with periodically varying finite (not very small) curvature. The effects of the flow rate (Re), the Prandtl number (Pr), the pipe-period ({kappa}) and the pipe-amplitude (a) on the heat transfer ratio (heat transfer of curved pipe to straight pipe) are studied. The results show that an increase in the amplitude and/or a decrease in the wavelength of a periodic wavy pipe can enhance the heat transfer rate significantly. The ratio of the heat transfer ratio to the friction ratio is greater than one which means a net benefit of heat transfer enhancement.
Yang, R.; Chang, S.F.; Wu, W.
Effects of flow curvature on the aerodynamics of Darrieus wind turbines
A theoretical and experimental investigation was conducted which clearly showed the effects of flow curvature to be significant determinants of Darrieus turbine blade aerodynamics; qualitatively, these results apply equally to straight or curved bladed machines. Unusually large boundary layer radial pressure gradients and virtually altered camber and incidence are the phenomena of primary importance. Conformal mapping techniques were developed which transform the geometric turbine airfoils in curved flow to their virtual equivalents in rectilinear flow, thereby permitting the more accurate selection of airfoil aerodynamic coefficients from published sectional data. It is demonstrated that once the flow idiosyncracies are fully understood, they may be used to advantage to improve the wind energy extraction efficiency of these machines.
Migliore, P. G.; Wolfe, W. P.
When one splits spacetime into space plus time, the Weyl curvature tensor (which equals the Riemann tensor in vacuum) splits into two spatial, symmetric, traceless tensors: the tidal field $E$, which produces tidal forces, and the frame-drag field $B$, which produces differential frame dragging. In recent papers, we and colleagues have introduced ways to visualize these two fields: tidal tendex lines (integral curves of the three eigenvector fields of $E$) and their tendicities (eigenvalues of these eigenvector fields); and the corresponding entities for the frame-drag field: frame-drag vortex lines and their vorticities. These entities fully characterize the vacuum Riemann tensor. In this paper, we compute and depict the tendex and vortex lines, and their tendicities and vorticities, outside the horizons of stationary (Schwarzschild and Kerr) black holes; and we introduce and depict the black holes' horizon tendicity and vorticity (the normal-normal components of $E$ and $B$ on the horizon). For Schwarzschil...
Zhang, Fan; Nichols, David A; Chen, Yanbei; Lovelace, Geoffrey; Matthews, Keith D; Owen, Robert; Thorne, Kip S
Dynamical feedback of the curvature drift instability on its saturation process
We investigate the reconstruction of pulsar magnetospheres close to the light cylinder surface to study the curvature drift instability (CDI) responsible for the twisting of magnetic field lines in the mentioned zone. The influence of plasma dynamics on the saturation process of the CDI is studied. On the basis of the Euler, continuity, and induction equations, we derive the increment of the CDI and analyze parametrically excited drift modes. The dynamics of the reconstruction of the pulsar magnetosphere is studied analytically. We show that there is a possibility of a parametrically excited rotational-energy pumping-process in the drift modes. It is indicated by the generation of a toroidal component of the magnetic field that transforms the field lines into such a configuration, in which plasma particles do not experience any forces. At this stage, the instability process saturates and the further amplification of the toroidal component to the magnetic field lines is suspended.
Z. Osmanov; D. Shapakidze; G. Machabeli
Bending rigidity and higher order curvature terms for the hard-sphere fluid near a curved wall
In this work I derive analytic expressions for the curvature dependent fluid-substrate surface tension of a hard sphere fluid on a hard curved wall. In a first step, the curvature thermodynamic properties are found as truncated power series in the activity in terms of the known second and third order cluster integral of the hard-sphere fluid near spherical and cylindrical walls. These results are then expressed as packing fraction power series and transformed to different reference regions which is equivalent to consider different positions of the dividing surface. All the obtained series expansions are rigorous results. Based on the truncated series it is shown that the bending rigidity of the system is non-null and that higher order terms in the curvature also exist. In a second step, approximate analytic expressions for the surface tension, the Tolman length, the bending rigidity and the Gaussian rigidity as functions of the packing fraction are found by considering the known terms of the series expansion complemented with a simple fitting approach. It is found that the obtained formulas accurately describe the curvature thermodynamic properties of the system, further, they are more accurate than any of the previously published expressions.
Ignacio Urrutia
The R-W Metric Has No Constant Curvature When Scalar Factor R(t) Changes With Time
The real physics meaning of constant k in the Robertson-Walker metric is discussed when scalar factor R(t) is relative to time. Based on the curvature formula of the Riemannian geometry strictly, the spatial curvature of the R-W metric is calculated. The result indicates that the spatial curvature of the R-W metric is not a constant when R(t) changes with time and the constant in the R-W metric k does not represent spatial curvature factor. It can only be considered as an adjustable parameter relative to the Hubble constant. The result is completely different from the current understanding which is based on specious estimation actually, in stead of strict calculation. In light of this result, many conclusions in the current cosmology, such as the values of the Hubble constant, dark material and dark energy densities, should be re-estimated. In this way, we may get rid of the current puzzle situation of cosmology thoroughly.
Mei Xiaochun
River Edge, New Jersey: Energy Resources | Open Energy Information
Edge, New Jersey: Energy Resources Edge, New Jersey: Energy Resources Jump to: navigation, search Equivalent URI DBpedia Coordinates 40.9287098°, -74.0398622° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":40.9287098,"lon":-74.0398622,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Interactions between Liquid-Wall Vapor and Edge Plasmas
The use of liquid walls for fusion reactors could help solve problems associated with material erosion from high plasma heat-loads and neutronic activation of structures. A key issue analyzed here is the influx of impurity ions to the core plasma from the vapor of liquid side-walls. Numerical 2D transport simulations are performed for a slab geometry which approximates the edge region of a reactor-size tokamak. Both lithium vapor (from Li or SnLi walls) and fluorine vapor (from Flibe walls) are considered for hydrogen edge-plasmas in the high- and low-recycling regimes. It is found that the minimum influx is from lithium with a low-recycling hydrogen plasma, and the maximum influx occurs for fluorine with a high-recycling hydrogen plasma.
Rognlien, T D; Rensink, M E
Bulk-edge correspondence in fractional Chern insulators
It has been recently realized that strong interactions in topological Bloch bands give rise to the appearance of novel states of matter. Here we study connections between these systems -- fractional Chern insulators and the fractional quantum Hall states -- via generalization of a gauge-fixed Wannier-Qi construction in the cylinder geometry. Our setup offers a number of important advantages compared to the earlier exact diagonalization studies on a torus. Most notably, it gives access to edge states and to a single-cut orbital entanglement spectrum, hence to the physics of bulk-edge correspondence. It is also readily implemented in the state-of-the-art density matrix renormalisation group method that allows for numerical simulations of significantly larger systems. We demonstrate our general approach on examples of flat-band models on ruby and kagome lattices at bosonic filling fractions $\
Zhao Liu; D. L. Kovrizhin; Emil J. Bergholtz
Nuclear Star Clusters in Edge-on Galaxies
From observations of edge-on, late-type galaxies, we present morphological evidence that some nuclear star clusters have experienced in situ star formation. We find three nuclear clusters that, viewed from the edge-on perspective, have both a compact disk-like component and a spheroidal component. In each cluster, the disk components are closely aligned with the major axis of the host galaxy and have bluer colors than the spheroidal components. We spectroscopically verify that one of the observed multiple component clusters has multiple generations of stars. These observations lead us to suggest a formation mechanism for nuclear star clusters, in which stars episodically form in compact nuclear disks, and then lose angular momentum, eventually forming an older spheroid. The full results of this study can be found in a forthcoming paper. 1
Anil C. Seth; Julianne J. Dalcanton; Paul W. Hodge; Victor P
A New Design for Double Edge Triggered Flip-flops
The logic construction of a double-edge-triggered (DET) flip-flop, which can receive input signal at two levels of the clock, is analyzed and a new circuit design of CMOS DET flip-flop is proposed. Simulation using SPICE and a 1 micron technology shows that this DET flip-flop has ideal logic functionality, a simpler structure, lower delay time and higher maximum data rate compared to other existing CMOS DET flipflops. By simulating and comparing the proposed DET flip-flop with the traditional single-edge-triggered (SET) flip-flop, it is shown that the proposed DET flip-flop reduces power dissipation by half while keeping the same date rate.
Massoud Pedram; Qing Wu; Xunwei Wu
From observations of edge-on, late-type galaxies, we present morphological evidence that some nuclear star clusters have experienced in situ star formation. We find three nuclear clusters that, viewed from the edge-on perspective, have both a compact disk-like component and a spheroidal component. In each cluster, the disk components are closely aligned with the major axis of the host galaxy and have bluer colors than the spheroidal components. We spectroscopically verify that one of the observed multiple component clusters has multiple generations of stars. These observations lead us to suggest a formation mechanism for nuclear star clusters, in which stars episodically form in compact nuclear disks, and then lose angular momentum, eventually forming an older spheroid.
Anil C. Seth; Julianne J. Dalcanton; Paul W. Hodge; Victor P. Debattista
Rimmed and edge thickened stodola shaped flywheel. [Patent application
A flywheel is described that is useful for energy storage in a hybrid vehicle automotive power system or in some stationary applications. The flywheel has a body composed of essentially planar isotropic high strength material. The flywheel body is enclosed by a rim of circumferentially wound fiber embedded in resin. The rim promotes flywheel safety and survivability. The flywheel has a truncated and edge thickened Stodola shape designed to optimize system mass and energy storage capability.
Single electron quantum tomography in quantum Hall edge channels
We propose a quantum tomography protocol to measure single electron coherence in quantum Hall edge channels and therefore access for the first time the wave function of single electron excitations propagating in ballistic quantum conductors. Its implementation would open the way to quantitative studies of single electron decoherence and would provide a quantitative tool for analyzing single to few electron sources. We show how this protocol could be implemented using ultrahigh sensitivity noise measurement schemes.
Grenier, Charles; Bocquillon, Erwann; Parmentier, Fran�ois D; Pla�ais, Bernard; Berroir, Jean-Marc; F�ve, Gwendal; Degiovanni, Pascal; 10.1088/1367-2630/13/9/093007
Charles Grenier; R�my Herv�; Erwann Bocquillon; Fran�ois D. Parmentier; Bernard Pla�ais; Jean-Marc Berroir; Gwendal F�ve; Pascal Degiovanni
NIST/JQI Team 'Gets the Edge' on Photon Transport in Silicon
NIST/JQI Team 'Gets the Edge' on Photon Transport in Silicon. From NIST Tech Beat: October 22, 2013. ...
Sparsity Enforcing Edge Detection Method for Blurred and Noisy Fourier data
We present a new method for estimating the edges in a piecewise smooth function from blurred and noisy Fourier data. The proposed method is constructed by combining the so called concentration factor edge detection method, which uses a finite number ... Keywords: Compressive sensing, Concentration factors, Edge detection, Higher order methods, Partial Fourier data, Sparseness
W. Stefan; A. Viswanathan; A. Gelb; R. Renaut
Building the urban river edge : proposed connections to the water at the foot of Boston's Beacon Hill
The core of this investigation is based on the design of built form at the public urban river edge. It proposes the transformation of a portion of public park edge into public built edge. The Esplanade embankment at the ...
Gorini, Daniel
We present three-dimensional (3D) kinematics of Sagittarius (Sgr) trailing tidal debris in six fields located 70 Degree-Sign -130 Degree-Sign along the stream from the Sgr dwarf galaxy core. The data are from our proper-motion (PM) survey of Kapteyn's Selected Areas, in which we have measured accurate PMs to faint magnitudes in {approx}40' Multiplication-Sign 40' fields evenly spaced across the sky. The radial velocity (RV) signature of Sgr has been identified among our follow-up spectroscopic data in four of the six fields and combined with mean PMs of spectroscopically confirmed members to derive space motions of Sgr debris based on {approx}15-64 confirmed stream members per field. These kinematics are compared to predictions of the Law and Majewski model of Sgr disruption; we find reasonable agreement with model predictions in RVs and PMs along Galactic latitude. However, an upward adjustment of the local standard of rest velocity ({Theta}{sub LSR}) from its standard 220 km s{sup -1} to at least 232 {+-} 14 km s{sup -1} (and possibly as high as 264 {+-} 23 km s{sup -1}) is necessary to bring 3D model debris kinematics and our measurements into agreement. Satisfactory model fits that simultaneously reproduce known position, distance, and RV trends of the Sgr tidal streams, while significantly increasing {Theta}{sub LSR}, could only be achieved by increasing the Galactic bulge and disk mass while leaving the dark matter halo fixed to the best-fit values from Law and Majewski. We derive low-resolution spectroscopic abundances along this stretch of the Sgr stream and find a constant [Fe/H] {approx} -1.15 (with {approx}0.5 dex scatter in each field-typical for dwarf galaxy populations) among the four fields with reliable measurements. A constant metallicity suggests that debris along the {approx}60 Degree-Sign span of this study was all stripped from Sgr on the same orbital passage.
Carlin, Jeffrey L.; Majewski, Steven R.; Patterson, Richard J. [Department of Astronomy, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 400325, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325 (United States); Casetti-Dinescu, Dana I.; Girard, Terrence M. [Astronomy Department, Yale University, P.O. Box 208101, New Haven, CT 06520-8101 (United States); Law, David R., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 (United States)
Llwybrau Pos Puzzle Trails
'm a broadleaf tree often called mountain ash, I have lots of red berries in the autumn which birds like to eat mouse! I have colourful wings, From flower to flower I fly, Sipping nectar on long summer days
Otter Trail PPA
or 48.4 percent. After completion of the original project, DOE granted OTPC a no-cost extension to the period of performance of the financial assistance in order to provide time...
Electron quantum optics in quantum Hall edge channels
In this paper, we review recent developments in the emerging field of electron quantum optics, stressing analogies and differences with the usual case of photon quantum optics. Electron quantum optics aims at preparing, manipulating and measuring coherent single electron excitations propagating in ballistic conductors such as the edge channels of a 2DEG in the integer quantum Hall regime. Because of the Fermi statistics and the presence of strong interactions, electron quantum optics exhibits new features compared to the usual case of photon quantum optics. In particular, it provides a natural playground to understand decoherence and relaxation effects in quantum transport.
Grenier, Charles; F�ve, Gwendal; Degiovanni, Pascal
Charles Grenier; R�my Herv�; Gwendal F�ve; Pascal Degiovanni
Tau-functions and Dressing Transformations for Zero-Curvature Affine Integrable Equations
The solutions of a large class of hierarchies of zero-curvature equations that includes Toda and KdV type hierarchies are investigated. All these hierarchies are constructed from affine (twisted or untwisted) Kac-Moody algebras~$\\ggg$. Their common feature is that they have some special ``vacuum solutions'' corresponding to Lax operators lying in some abelian (up to the central term) subalgebra of~$\\ggg$; in some interesting cases such subalgebras are of the Heisenberg type. Using the dressing transformation method, the solutions in the orbit of those vacuum solutions are constructed in a uniform way. Then, the generalized tau-functions for those hierarchies are defined as an alternative set of variables corresponding to certain matrix elements evaluated in the integrable highest-weight representations of~$\\ggg$. Such definition of tau-functions applies for any level of the representation, and it is independent of its realization (vertex operator or not). The particular important cases of generalized mKdV and KdV hierarchies as well as the abelian and non abelian affine Toda theories are discussed in detail.
L. A. Ferreira; J. L. Miramontes; J. Sanchez Guillen
Edge coating apparatus with movable roller applicator for solar cell substrates
A non-contact edge coating apparatus includes an applicator for applying a coating material on an edge of a solar cell substrate and a control system configured to drive the applicator. The control system may drive the applicator along an axis to maintain a distance with an edge of the substrate as the substrate is rotated to have the edge coated with a coating material. The applicator may include a recessed portion into which the edge of the substrate is received for edge coating. For example, the applicator may be a roller with a groove. Coating material may be introduced into the groove for application onto the edge of the substrate. A variety of coating materials may be employed with the apparatus including hot melt ink and UV curable plating resist.
Pavani, Luca; Abas, Emmanuel
Session #1: Cutting Edge Methodologies--Beyond Current DFT
Session #1: Cutting Edge Methodologies (beyond Current DFT) Moderator: Shengbai Zhang (RPI/ REL) Topics to be addressed: Benchmarking state-of-the-art approaches, accurate energy landscape. Identify problems with the current DFT-LDA and GGA approaches and possible pathways to overcome these problems. PBE PBE How Bad is DFT for vdW Interactions? fcc Ar Benzene dimer PBE LDA Exp CCSD(T) LDA PBE vdW Interaction between H 2 and Carbon � PBE Graphene CCSD(T) LDA Benzene omitted in the LDA and GGA van der Walls (vdW)-DFT: Langreth, Kohn � Fully nonlocal � functional: � � Long-range nonlocal correlation energy functional (omitted in the LDA and GGA) ) ( � Computational cost considerably more than GGA � Added as post-GGA energy correction but force
NETL: News Release - DOE Launches Competition for Cutting Edge Coal
February 17, 2004 February 17, 2004 DOE Launches Competition for Cutting Edge Coal Technologies Round II Reaffirms President's Commitment to Reduce Power Plant Emissions WASHINGTON, DC - Secretary of Energy Spencer Abraham today announced the release of a solicitation for the second round of proposals under President Bush's Clean Coal Power Initiative (CCPI), and DOE's plans to provide approximately $280 million in federal matching funds for demonstrating barrier-breaking technologies that sharply reduce and ultimately eliminate pollution in coal-based power plants. MORE INFO General Interest: Read the solicitation [PDF-342KB] For Proposers: Go to Interactive Procurement System [More Info, Updates] NETL Business Page View the Clean Coal Technology Roadmap from NETL's Website
Longitudinal Proximity Effects in Superconducting Transition-Edge Sensors
We have found experimentally that the critical current of a square thin-film superconducting transition-edge sensor (TES) depends exponentially upon the side length L and the square root of the temperature T, a behavior that has a natural theoretical explanation in terms of longitudinal proximity effects if the TES is regarded as a weak link between superconducting leads. As a consequence, the effective transition temperature T{sub c} of the TES is current dependent and at fixed current scales as 1/L{sup 2}. We have also found that the critical current can show clear Fraunhofer-like oscillations in an applied magnetic field, similar to those found in Josephson junctions. We have observed the longitudinal proximity effect in these devices over extraordinarily long lengths up to 290 {micro}m, 1450 times the mean-free path.
Sadleir, John E.; Smith, Stephen J.; Bandler, Simon R.; Chervenak, James A.; Clem, John R.
Decays of electron Bernstein waves near plasma edge
Nonlinear wave-wave couplings near the upper hybrid resonance are studied via particle-in-cell simulations. It is found that the decay of an electron Bernstein wave (EBW) depends on the ratio of the incident frequency and electron cyclotron frequency. For ratios less than two, parametric decay into a lower hybrid wave (or an ion Bernstein wave) and EBWs at a lower frequency is observed. For ratios larger than two, the daughter waves could be an electron cyclotron quasi-mode and another EBW or an ion wave and EBW. For sufficiently high incident power, the former process may dominate. Because of the electron cyclotron quasi-mode, electrons can be strongly heated by nonlinear Landau damping. As a result, the bulk of the incident power can be absorbed near plasma edge at high power. The increase in number of decay channels with frequency implies that the allowable power into the plasma must decrease with frequency.
Xiang Nong [Institute of Plasma Physics, CAS, Hefei, Anhui 230031 (China); Center for Integrated Plasma Studies, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309 (United States); Cary, John R. [Center for Integrated Plasma Studies, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309 (United States); Tech-X Corporation, Boulder, Colorado 80303 (United States)
Crossover distributions at the edge of the rarefaction fan
We consider the weakly asymmetric limit of simple exclusion process with drift to the left, starting from step Bernoulli initial data with $\\rho_-fan. We study the fluctuations of the process observed along slopes in the fan, which are given by the Hopf--Cole solution of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation, with appropriate initial data. For slopes strictly inside the fan, the initial data is a Dirac delta function and the one point distribution functions have been computed in [Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 64 (2011) 466-537] and [Nuclear Phys. B 834 (2010) 523-542]. At the edge of the rarefaction fan, the initial data is one-sided Brownian. We obtain a new family of crossover distributions giving the exact one-point distributions of this process, which converge, as $T\
Ivan Corwin; Jeremy Quastel
Simultaneous laser cutting and welding of metal foil to edge of a plate
A method of welding an ultra-thin foil to the edge of a thicker sheet to form a vacuum insulation panel comprising the steps of providing an ultra-thin foil having a thickness less than 0.002, providing a top plate having an edge and a bottom plate having an edge, clamping the foil to the edge of the plate wherein the clamps act as heat sinks to distribute heat through the foil, providing a laser, moving the laser relative to the foil and the plate edges to form overlapping weld beads to weld the foil to the plate edges while simultaneously cutting the foil along the weld line formed by the overlapping beads.
Pernicka, John C. (Fort Collins, CO); Benson, David K. (Golden, CO); Tracy, C. Edwin (Golden, CO)
Gain media edge treatment to suppress amplified spontaneous emission in a high power laser
A novel method and apparatus for suppressing ASE and parasitic oscillation modes in a high average power laser is introduced. By roughening one or more peripheral edges of a solid-state crystal or ceramic laser gain media and by bonding such edges using a substantially high index bonding elastomer or epoxy to a predetermined electromagnetic absorbing arranged adjacent to the entire outer surface of the peripheral edges of the roughened laser gain media, ASE and parasitic oscillation modes can be effectively suppressed.
Hackel, Lloyd A. (Livermore, CA); Soules, Thomas F. (Livermore, CA); Fochs, Scott N. (Livermore, CA); Rotter, Mark D. (San Ramon, CA); Letts, Stephan A. (San Ramon, CA)
Theoretical studies in spiral edge-flame propagation and particle hydrodynamics
Diffusion-flame stand-off distance. . . . . . . . . .Summary of experimental flame patterns observed in theSpiral Edges of Diffusion Flames in Von K� arm� an Swirling
Urzay, Javier
Exterior Rigid Foam Insulation at the Edge of a Slab Foundation...
Exterior Rigid Foam Insulation at the Edge of a Slab Foundation, Fresno, California (Fact Sheet), Building America Case Study: Efficient Solutions for New and Existing Homes,...
Summary World Natural Gas Data (from World on the Edge) | OpenEI
data GDR Community Login | Sign Up Search Facebook icon Twitter icon Summary World Natural Gas Data (from World on the Edge) Dataset Summary Description This dataset...
Particle size effect of hydride formation and surface hydrogen absorption of nanosized palladium catalysts : L{sub 3} edge vs K edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy.
The particle size effect on the formation of palladium hydride and on surface hydrogen adsorption was studied at room temperature using in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Pd K and L{sub 3} edges. Hydride formation was indirectly observed by lattice expansion in Pd K edge XANES spectra and by EXAFS analysis. Hydride formation was directly detected in the L{sub 3} edge spectra. A characteristic spectral feature caused by the formation of a Pd-H antibonding state showed strong particle size dependence. The L{sub 3} edge spectra were reproduced using full multiple scattering analysis and density of state calculations, and the contributions of bulk absorbed and surface hydrogen to the XANES spectra could be distinguished. The ratio of hydrogen on the surface versus that in the bulk increased with decreasing particle size, and smaller particles dissolved less hydrogen.
Tew, M. W.; Miller, J. T.; van Bokhoven, J. A. (Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division); ( SUF-USR); (ETH Zurich)
Steamflood production mechanism in an edge pattern Duri field, Indonesia
The Duri field, located in Riau Province in Central Sumatra, Indonesia, is currently the site of the largest steamflood project in the world. Roughly half of the field is being flooded in eight project areas. Low oil rate has been encountered in the edge pattern in Duri field. The source of the problem is believed to be the poor steamflood efficiency due to water coning and steam possibly injected into water zone. Evidences for poor steamflood efficiency are a high Steam-oil Ratio and low wellhead temperature. A reservoir simulation study was performed to model the production mechanism in a typical edge pattern of Duri field. A history-match model was developed using a three- dimensional, black-oil, thermal reservoir simulator. A simple pattern-element, layer-cake model was used. Reservoir properties, except permeability and porosity, from the previous model were used and an excellent match of six years of historical performance was obtained by making minor changes in the water relative permeability data. From the result, it can be explained that there are two mechanisms happening to the steam flow in the reservoir. Gravity segregation tends to move steam upward, and least-resistance-flow-path (LRFP) tends to move steam downward due to water cone formed by the producers. LRFP is dominant in the beginning of the steamflood. Water temperature is lower than that of steam, causing even more flow downward to the water zone. Once temperature equilibrium is reached in the OWC, gravity override starts to take over the role. A horizontal well seems to be a good choice to improve the sweep efficiency, because of better contact between wellborn and pay-zone, resulting in lower pressure drawdown for the same production rate. Sensitivity analysis shows the best horizontal section is perpendicular to the reservoir dip. An experimental design using two-level factorial design was performed to find out what variables are influencing the cumulative production, discounted cumulative production and project life for drilling horizontal well in the situation as in Duri field. Correlations to estimate those quantities were developed using linear regression method. It is no surprise that the oil volume and discount factor are the variables that determine those quantities.
Yuwono, Ipung Punto
Low Complexity Video Compression Using Moving Edge Detection Based on DCT Coefficients
In this paper, we propose a new low complexity video compression method based on detecting blocks containing moving edges using only DCT coefficients. The detection, whilst being very efficient, also allows efficient motion estimation by constraining ... Keywords: DCT, Low complexity video compression, Moving edge
Chanyul Kim; Noel E. O'Connor
Edge preserving orientation adaptive filtering P. Bakker, L.J. van Vliet, P.W. Verbeek
Edge preserving orientation adaptive filtering P. Bakker, L.J. van Vliet, P.W. Verbeek Pattern for combining orientation adaptive filtering and edge preserving filtering. The filter adapts to the local orientation and avoids filter- ing across borders. The local orientation for steering the filter
van Vliet, Lucas J.
Edge preserving orientation adaptive ltering P. Bakker, L.J. van Vliet, P.W. Verbeek
Edge preserving orientation adaptive #12;ltering P. Bakker, L.J. van Vliet, P.W. Verbeek Pattern for combin- ing orientation adaptive #12;ltering and edge preserving #12;ltering. The #12;lter adapts to the local orientation and avoids #12;ltering across borders. The local orientation for steering the #12;lter
The Resonant Retina: Exploiting Vibration Noise to Optimally Detect Edges in an Image
Abstract�We show that, far from being a drawback, the ubiquitous presence of random vibrations in vision systems operating from mobile devices can advantageously be used as a fundamental tool for edge detection. Directly inspired by biology, the concept ... Keywords: Edge detection, random vibration of the optical axis, microsaccades, threshold variance estimator, Fisher information, Cramer-Rao inequality, stochastic resonance.
Max-Olivier Hongler; Yuri L. de Meneses; Antoine Beyeler; Jacques Jacot
Matched interface and boundary (MIB) method for elliptic problems with sharp-edged interfaces
Elliptic problems with sharp-edged interfaces, thin-layered interfaces and interfaces that intersect with geometric boundary, are notoriously challenging to existing numerical methods, particularly when the solution is highly oscillatory. This work generalizes ... Keywords: Elliptic equations, Ghost fluid method, Immersed boundary method, Immersed interface method, Sharp-edged interfaces
Sining Yu; Yongcheng Zhou; G. W. Wei
True costs of cheap labor are hard to measure: edge deletion and VCG payments in graphs
We address the problem of lowering the buyer's expected payments in shortest path auctions, where the buyer's goal is to purchase a path in a graph in which edges are owned by selfish agents. We show that by deleting some of the edges of the graph, one ... Keywords: auction, mechanism design, shortest paths
Edith Elkind
A Flash-Flooding Storm at the Steep Edge of High Terrain: Disaster in the Himalayas
Flash floods on the edge of high terrain, such as the Himalayas or Rocky Mountains, are especially dangerous and hard to predict. The Leh flood of 2010 at the edge of the Himalayan Plateau in India is an example of the tragic consequences of such storms. ...
Kristen L. Rasmussen; Robert A. Houze Jr.
On the dynamics of edge-core coupling T. S. Hahma
toroidal code Z. Lin, T. S. Hahm, W. W. Lee, W. M. Tang, and R. B. White, Science 281, 1835 1998 and its of the edge-core boundary is both uncertain and dynamic and usually posited in an ad hoc manner in trans- port" used in modeling codes. II. GYROKINETIC SIMULATION OF TURBULENCE SPREADING FROM EDGE In this paper
Lin, Zhihong
Segmenting images with gradient-based edge detection using Membrane Computing
In this paper, we present a parallel implementation of a new algorithm for segmenting images with gradient-based edge detection by using techniques from Natural Computing. This bio-inspired parallel algorithm has been implemented in a novel device architecture ... Keywords: CUDA, Edge detection, Membrane Computing, Sobel algorithm, Tissue P systems
Daniel D�Az-Pernil; Ainhoa Berciano; Francisco Pe�A-Cantillana; Miguel A. Guti�Rrez-Naranjo
Field Observations of the Bering Sea Ice Edge Properties during March 1979
During March 1979 field observations in the Bering Sea show that because of the interaction of winds and ocean swell with the ice, the ice edge divides into three distinct zones. First, adjacent to the open ocean is an �edge" zone, 1�15 km in ...
Jane Bauer; Seelye Martin
Effect of eccentricity and boundary conditions on the edge superconducting states in mesoscopic rings
It is considered a mesoscopic superconductor ring in the presence of an external magnetic field applied in the direction perpendicular to the ring plane. The internal and external edges have circular form but they are excentric, the excentricity being ... Keywords: De Gennes extrapolation length, Edge superconductivity, Mesoscopic superconductor rings
E. Moncada; F. Segovia; J. C. Granada
Satellite Thermal Infrared and Inverted Echo Sounder Determinations of the Gulf Stream Northern Edge
The northern edge of the Gulf Stream off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina was located in 155 AVHRR-derived maps of sea surface temperature (SST) using five different methods. One method was subjective location of the northern edge by an analyst; the ...
Peter Cornillon; Randolph Watts
LANL highlights cutting-edge research at annual LDRD Day | National Nuclear
cutting-edge research at annual LDRD Day | National Nuclear cutting-edge research at annual LDRD Day | National Nuclear Security Administration Our Mission Managing the Stockpile Preventing Proliferation Powering the Nuclear Navy Emergency Response Recapitalizing Our Infrastructure Continuing Management Reform Countering Nuclear Terrorism About Us Our Programs Our History Who We Are Our Leadership Our Locations Budget Our Operations Media Room Congressional Testimony Fact Sheets Newsletters Press Releases Speeches Events Social Media Video Gallery Photo Gallery NNSA Archive Federal Employment Apply for Our Jobs Our Jobs Working at NNSA Blog Home > NNSA Blog > LANL highlights cutting-edge research at annual LDRD Day LANL highlights cutting-edge research at annual LDRD Day Posted By Office of Public Affairs Los Alamos National Laboratory recently showcased some of its cutting-edge
National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
© Marketing Edge Consulting Group and TargetGov Successful Marketing Tactics
Marketing Edge Consulting Group and TargetGov Marketing Edge Consulting Group and TargetGov Successful Marketing Tactics for Government Contracts Beth Goldstein Gloria Berthold Larkin © Marketing Edge Consulting Group and TargetGov Beth Goldstein * President, Sales & Marketing Consultant * Entrepreneurship Educator * Author and Trainer on Small Business Growth 2 © Marketing Edge Consulting Group and TargetGov Gloria Berthold Larkin * President * Federal Business Development expert, recently quoted in the Wall Street Journal and TheStreet.com * -Author of The Basic Guide to Government Contracting: How to Build a Successful Business Selling Your Products and Services to the U.S. Federal Government 3 © Marketing Edge Consulting Group and TargetGov Today's Agenda ü Identifying
An empirical model for the mean-velocity profiles of a turbulent boundary layer under the effects of surface curvature
An empirical model has been developed to predict the mean-velocity profile of a turbulent boundary layer under the influence of surface curvature. The model proposed is able to determine the profiles for both a convex and concave curvature. This was possible by employing the inviscid term, C,, which not only distinguishes the convex profiles from the concave profiles but its usage allows for a better prediction of these profiles. The model has been applied to experimental data from Schobeiri and Pardivala (1991) available from Texas A&M test facility. Along with these sets of data, experimental data from published literature such as So and Mellor (1973) and Kestoras and Simon (1993) have been employed in verifying the model. For all the cases, the model demonstrated a relatively high degree of accuracy in predicting the measured mean-velocity of the boundary layer and the estimated skin-friction coefficients. A skinfriction coefficient correlation has also been determined. C, is shown to affect the skinfriction coefficients in these cases.
Huynh, Long Quang
Trigonometry of spacetimes: a new self-dual approach to a curvature/signature (in)dependent trigonometry
A new method to obtain trigonometry for the real spaces of constant curvature and metric of any (even degenerate) signature is presented. The method encapsulates trigonometry for all these spaces into a single basic trigonometric group equation. This brings to its logical end the idea of an absolute trigonometry, and provides equations which hold true for the nine two-dimensional spaces of constant curvature and any signature. This family of spaces includes both relativistic and non-relativistic homogeneous spacetimes; therefore a complete discussion of trigonometry in the six de Sitter, minkowskian, Newton--Hooke and galilean spacetimes follow as particular instances of the general approach. Any equation previously known for the three classical riemannian spaces also has a version for the remaining six spacetimes; in most cases these equations are new. Distinctive traits of the method are universality and self-duality: every equation is meaningful for the nine spaces at once, and displays explicitly invariance under a duality transformation relating the nine spaces. The derivation of the single basic trigonometric equation at group level, its translation to a set of equations (cosine, sine and dual cosine laws) and the natural apparition of angular and lateral excesses, area and coarea are explicitly discussed in detail. The exposition also aims to introduce the main ideas of this direct group theoretical way to trigonometry, and may well provide a path to systematically study trigonometry for any homogeneous symmetric space.
Francisco J. Herranz; Ramon Ortega; Mariano Santander
Framework Application for Core Edge Transport Simulation (FACETS)
The goal of the FACETS project (Framework Application for Core-Edge Transport Simulations) was to provide a multiphysics, parallel framework application (FACETS) that will enable whole-device modeling for the U.S. fusion program, to provide the modeling infrastructure needed for ITER, the next step fusion confinement device. Through use of modern computational methods, including component technology and object oriented design, FACETS is able to switch from one model to another for a given aspect of the physics in a flexible manner. This enables use of simplified models for rapid turnaround or high-fidelity models that can take advantage of the largest supercomputer hardware. FACETS does so in a heterogeneous parallel context, where different parts of the application execute in parallel by utilizing task farming, domain decomposition, and/or pipelining as needed and applicable. ParaTools, Inc. was tasked with supporting the performance analysis and tuning of the FACETS components and framework in order to achieve the parallel scaling goals of the project. The TAU Performance System�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?® was used for instrumentation, measurement, archiving, and profile / tracing analysis. ParaTools, Inc. also assisted in FACETS performance engineering efforts. Through the use of the TAU Performance System, ParaTools provided instrumentation, measurement, analysis and archival support for the FACETS project. Performance optimization of key components has yielded significant performance speedups. TAU was integrated into the FACETS build for both the full coupled application and the UEDGE component. The performance database provided archival storage of the performance regression testing data generated by the project, and helped to track improvements in the software development.
Dr. Allen D. Malony; Dr. Sameer S. Shende; Dr. Kevin A. Huck; Mr. Alan Morris, and Mr. Wyatt Spear
Edge radial electric field studies via charge exchange recombination spectroscopy on the Alcator C-Mod Tokamak
It is commonly accepted that ExB velocity shear is responsible for the suppression of edge turbulence, which reduces the losses of both energy and particles across magnetic field lines and results in the formation of edge ...
McDermott, Rachael Marie
Final report on the energy edge impact evaluation of 28 new, low-energy commercial buildings
This report presents the findings of the Energy Edge Impact Evaluation. It is the fourth and final report in a series of project impact evaluation reports. Energy Edge is a research-oriented demonstration of energy efficiency in 28 new commercial buildings. Beginning in 1985,the project, sponsored by the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), was developed to evaluate the potential for electricity conservation in new commercial buildings. By focusing on the construction of new commercial buildings, Energy Edge meets the region`s goal of capturing otherwise lost opportunities to accomplish energy conservation. That is, the best time to add an energy-efficiency measure to a building is during the construction phase.
Piette, M.A.; Diamond, R.; Nordman, B. [and others
Listing minimal edge-covers of intersecting families with applications to connectivity problems
Let G=(V,E) be a directed/undirected graph, let s,t@?V, and let F be an intersecting family on V (that is, X@?Y,X@?Y@?F for any intersecting X,Y@?F) so that s@?X and t@?X for every X@?F. An edge set I@?E is an edge-cover of F if for every X@?F there ... Keywords: Intersecting families, Listing, Minimal edge-covers, Steiner network
Zeev Nutov
2D Riemann-Christoffel curvature tensor via a 3D space using a specialized permutation scheme
When a space in which Christoffel symbols of the second kind are symmetrical in lower indices exists, it makes for a supplement to the standard procedure when a 2D surface is normally induced from the geometry of the surrounding 3D space in which the surface is embedded. There it appears appropriate to use a scheme for straightforward permutation of indices of Gkij, when such a space would make this transformation possible, so as to obtain the components of the 2D Riemann-Christoffel tensor (here expressed in geodetic coordinates for an ellipsoid of revolution, of use in geophysics). By applying my scheme I find the corresponding indices in 2D and 3D supplement-spaces, and I compute components of the Riemann-Christoffel tensor. By operating over the elements of the projections alone, the all-known value of 1/MN for the Gaussian curvature on an ellipsoid of revolution is obtained. To further validate my scheme, I show that in such a 3D space the tangent vector to a PHI-curve for LAM=const1 would be parallel to a tangent vector to a PHI-curve for LAM=const2 on the surface of an ellipsoid of revolution. Surfaces parameterized by Gauss surface normal coordinates, such as the Earth, now can have the Riemann-Christopher curvature tensor computed in a straightforward fashion for the topographic surface hel(PHIel, LAMel) of the Earth, given Christoffel symbols for such a representation in terms of orthonormal functions on the ellipsoid of revolution.
Mensur Omerbashich
Calcium Based Test Method for Evaluation of Photovoltaic Edge-Seal Materials (Presentation)
Because of the sensitivity of some photovoltaic devices to moisture-induced corrosion, they are packaged using impermeable front- and back-sheets with an edge seal to prevent moisture ingress. Evaluation of edge seal materials can be difficult because of the low permeation rates involved and/or non-Fickian behavior. Here, using a Ca film deposited on a glass substrate, we demonstrate the evaluation of edge seal materials in a manner that effectively duplicates their use in a photovoltaic application and compare the results with standard methods for measuring water vapor transport. We demonstrate how moisture permeation data from polymer films can be used to estimate moisture ingress rates and compare the results of these two methods. Encapsulant materials were also evaluated for comparison and to highlight the need for edge seals. Of the materials studied, dessicant-filled polyisobutene materials demonstrate by far the best potential to keep moisture out for a 20 to 30 year lifetime.
Kempe, M.; Dameron, A.; Reese, M.
Calcium Film Based Testing of Edge-Seal Materials for Photovoltaic Applications (Presentation)
The effect of heat conduction of material on the temperature distribution in the vicinity of a wing leading edge in hypersonic flight is investigated. The theory is based on a conducting plate subjected to aerodynamic heating. It is found that the role played by the conductivity of the materiel and the leading edge thickness in moderating the nose temperature is very significant. Detailed discussions of the numerical solutions for various shapes of leading edge era given. An experimental technique has been developed by which a number of models representing a wing leading edge oan be tested and the results thus obtained are compared with those predicted by the theory. * Replgces A.R.C.31 445-2-
T. Nonweiler; B. Sc, Ph.D.; H. Y. Wong; B. Sc, Ph.D.; S. R. Aggarwal; B. Sc; Price S Od [p; T. Nonweiler; B. Sc, Ph.D.; H. Y. Wang; B. Sc, Ph.D.; S. R. Aggarwal
A neural architecture for fully data driven edge-preserving image restoration
This paper proposes a neural architecture, based on two Hopfield nets interconnected with a Boltzmann Machine, for a completely data driven edge-preserving restoration of blurred and noisy images. Solving this restoration problem entails the joint estimation ...
Luigi Bedini; Anna Tonazzini; Salvatore Minutoli
Mass transport in the Stokes edge wave for constant arbitrary bottom slope in a rotating ocean
The Lagrangian mass transport in the Stokes surface edge wave is obtained from the vertically integrated equations of momentum and mass in a viscous rotating ocean, correct to second order in wave steepness. The analysis is valid for bottom slope ...
Peygham Ghaffari; Jan Erik H. Weber
The Multifractal Structure of Contrast Changes in Natural Images: From Sharp Edges to Textures
We present a formalism that leads naturally to a hierarchical description of the different contrast structures in images, providing precise definitions of sharp edges and other texture components. Within this formalism, we achieve a decomposition of ...
Antonio Turiel Ne; N�tor Parga
Prediction of semiconductor band edge positions in aqueous environments from first principles
The ability to predict a semiconductor's band edge positions in solution is important for the design of water-splitting photocatalyst materials. In this paper, we introduce a first-principles method to compute the ...
Wu, Yabi
Electronic Properties of Nitrogen-/Boron-Doped Graphene Nanoribbons With Armchair Edges
Calculation of electronic structures has been performed for graphene nanoribbons with eight-armchair edges containing nitrogen or boron substitutional impurity by using ab initio density functional theory. It is found that the electronic structures ... Keywords: Doping, graphene, nanotechnology, nitrogen
Shan Sheng Yu; Wei Tao Zheng; Qing Jiang
Turbulence and transport phenomena in edge and scrape-off-layer plasmas
This thesis reports recent experimental studies of edge turbulence structure using gas-puff-imaging at high time resolution in a radially broad zone at the low-field-side of Alcator C-Mod[1], and highlights the connections ...
Cziegler, Istv�n
Imagery Randomized Block Analysis (IRBA) Applied to the Verification of Cloud Edge Detectors
A recently developed statistical method is described for evaluating the effectiveness of numerical models. This method is applied to the verification of the effectiveness of satellite imagery cloud edge detectors. Digital satellite data are ...
Frank P. Kelly; Thomas H. Vonder Haar; Paul W. Mielke Jr.
Edge transport barrier studies on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
Edge transport barriers (ETBs) in tokamak plasmas accompany transitions from low confinement (L-mode) to high confinement (H-mode) and exhibit large density and temperature gradients in a narrow pedestal region near the ...
Hughes, Jerry W. (Jerry Wayne), 1975-
Physical Insight Into Substitutional N-Doped Graphene Nanoribbons With Armchair Edges
Electronic structures of graphene nanoribbons with armchair edges (AGNRs) containing N-substitutional impurity have been investigated, using ab initio density functional theory. It is shown that the electronic structures of the doped AGNRs are different ...
Evaluation and Modeling of Edge-Seal Materials for Photovoltaic Applications
Because of the sensitivity of some photovoltaic devices to moisture-induced corrosion, they are packaged using impermeable front- and back-sheets along with an edge seal to prevent moisture ingress. Evaluation of edge seal materials can be difficult because of the low permeation rates involved and/or non-Fickian behavior. Here, using a Ca film deposited on a glass substrate, we demonstrate the evaluation of edge seal materials in a manner that effectively duplicates their use in a photovoltaic application and compare the results with standard methods for measuring water vapor transport. We demonstrate how moisture permeation data from polymer films can be used to estimate moisture ingress rates and compare the results of these two methods. Encapsulant materials were also evaluated for comparison and to highlight the need for edge seals. Of the materials studied, desiccant filled polyisobutylene materials demonstrate by far the best potential to keep moisture out for a 20 to 30 year lifetime.
Kempe, M. D.; Dameron, A. A.; Moricone, T. J.; Reese, M. O.
The Spurious Production of Cloud-Edge Supersaturations by Eulerian Models
The production of anomalous supersaturations at cloud edges other than cloud base has presented a vexing challenge for modelers attempting to represent the evolution of a droplet spectrum across an Eulerian grid. Although the problem manifests ...
Bjorn Stevens; Robert L. Walko; William R. Cotton; Graham Feingold
Summary World Solar Energy Data (from World on the Edge)
Solar Energy Data (from World on the Edge) This dataset presents summary...
An Automated Cloud-Edge Detection Algorithm Using Cloud Physics and Radar Data
An automated cloud-edge detection algorithm was developed and extensively tested. The algorithm uses in situ cloud physics data measured by a research aircraft coupled with ground-based weather radar measurements to determine whether the aircraft ...
Jennifer G. Ward; Francis J. Merceret
Summary World Natural Gas Data (from World on the Edge)
Summary World Natural Gas Data (from World on the Edge) This dataset...
Bootstrap Current for the Edge Pedestal Plasma in a Diverted Tokamak Geometry
The edge bootstrap current plays a critical role in the equilibrium and stability of the steep edge pedestal plasma. The pedestal plasma has an unconventional and difficult neoclassical property, as compared with the core plasma. It has a narrow passing particle region in velocity space that can be easily modified or destroyed by Coulomb collisions. At the same time, the edge pedestal plasma has steep pressure and electrostatic potential gradients whose scale-lengths are comparable with the ion banana width, and includes a magnetic separatrix surface, across which the topological properties of the magnetic field and particle orbits change abruptly. A driftkinetic particle code XGC0, equipped with a mass-momentum-energy conserving collision operator, is used to study the edge bootstrap current in a realistic diverted magnetic field geometry with a self-consistent radial electric field. When the edge electrons are in the weakly collisional banana regime, surprisingly, the present kinetic simulation confirms that the existing analytic expressions [represented by O. Sauter et al. , Phys. Plasmas 6 , 2834 (1999)] are still valid in this unconventional region, except in a thin radial layer in contact with the magnetic separatrix. The agreement arises from the dominance of the electron contribution to the bootstrap current compared with ion contribution and from a reasonable separation of the trapped-passing dynamics without a strong collisional mixing. However, when the pedestal electrons are in plateau-collisional regime, there is significant deviation of numerical results from the existing analytic formulas, mainly due to large effective collisionality of the passing and the boundary layer trapped particles in edge region. In a conventional aspect ratio tokamak, the edge bootstrap current from kinetic simulation can be significantly less than that from the Sauter formula if the electron collisionality is high. On the other hand, when the aspect ratio is close to unity, the collisional edge bootstrap current can be significantly greater than that from the Sauter formula. Rapid toroidal rotation of the magnetic field lines at the high field side of a tight aspect-ratio tokamak is believed to be the cause of the different behavior. A new analytic fitting formula, as a simple modification to the Sauter formula, is obtained to bring the analytic expression to a better agreement with the edge kinetic simulation results
S. Koh, C.S. Chang, S. Ku, J.E. Menard, H. Weitzner and W. Choe
Gas turbine bucket wall thickness control
A core for use in casting a turbine bucket including serpentine cooling passages is divided into two pieces including a leading edge core section and a trailing edge core section. Wall thicknesses at the leading edge and the trailing edge of the turbine bucket can be controlled independent of each other by separately positioning the leading edge core section and the trailing edge core section in the casting die. The controlled leading and trailing edge thicknesses can thus be optimized for efficient cooling, resulting in more efficient turbine operation.
Stathopoulos, Dimitrios (Glenmont, NY); Xu, Liming (Greenville, SC); Lewis, Doyle C. (Greer, SC)
Al K-edge near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) study on the coordination structure of aluminum in minerals and Y zeolites
Curved-wave-multiple-scattering cluster calculations with the FEFF6 code were used to interpret experimental AlK-edge near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectra of various minerals and Y zeolites for energies {approximately}15 eV above threshold. Octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar geometries of Al can be easily distinguished from each other utilizing characteristic features in the NEXAFS data. NEXAFS line shapes are used for determining the geometrical conformations of Al atoms in Y zeolites with one or more conformational geometries. In the H-Y zeolite, separate contributions to the NEXAFS from tetrahedrally and octahedrally coordinated Al atoms are identified. The differences in the octahedrally coordinated Al spectra in the H-Y zeolite compared with spectra for standard octahedrally coordinated Al compounds can be attributed to the presence of very small nonregular clusters of octahedrally coordinated Al dispersed over the zeolite. However, the presence of some pentacoordinated Al cannot be excluded.
Bokhoven, J.A. van; Sambe, H.; Ramaker, D.E. [George Washington Univ., Washington, DC (United States). Chemistry Dept.; Koningsberger, D.C. [Utrecht Univ. (Netherlands)
At Solar System's Edge, There be...Bubbles? - NERSC Science News, June 9,
At Solar System's At Solar System's Edge, There be...Bubbles? At Solar System's Edge, There be...Bubbles? Voyagers, Computer Models Find Surprising Magnetic Froth June 9, 2011 | Tags: Astrophysics, Franklin, Fusion Energy, Fusion Energy Sciences (FES), Hopper Margie Wylie, firstname.lastname@example.com, +1 510 486 7421 This animated computer simulation shows how magnetic bubbles form at the edge of our solar system. It was created on NERSC's "Franklin" supercomputer using 8,192 processor cores simultaneously running for 20 hours. (Credit: James F. Drake) NASA's Voyager probes have reached the end of our solar system where they've found neither giants nor dragons, but something nearly as surprising-a turbulent froth of magnetic bubbles. Using new computer models to analyze Voyager data, scientists computing at
Cutting-Edge Savannah River Site Project Avoids Millions in Costs, Removes
Cutting-Edge Savannah River Site Project Avoids Millions in Costs, Cutting-Edge Savannah River Site Project Avoids Millions in Costs, Removes Chemical Solvents from Underground: Project avoided costs totaling more than $15 million, removed tons of chemical solvents from beneath the Savannah River Site Cutting-Edge Savannah River Site Project Avoids Millions in Costs, Removes Chemical Solvents from Underground: Project avoided costs totaling more than $15 million, removed tons of chemical solvents from beneath the Savannah River Site June 13, 2012 - 12:00pm Addthis Harrel McCray, left, and Joey Clark, employees with SRS management and operations contractor, Savannah River Nuclear Solutions, stand by an extensive SRS cleanup system that safely and successfully rid the site of more than 33,000 gallons of non-radioactive chemical
New Energy Star Initiative Recognizes Cutting-Edge Products with Highest
Star Initiative Recognizes Cutting-Edge Products with Star Initiative Recognizes Cutting-Edge Products with Highest Energy Efficiency New Energy Star Initiative Recognizes Cutting-Edge Products with Highest Energy Efficiency July 14, 2011 - 12:00am Addthis WASHINGTON - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) today are announcing for the first time products recognized as the most energy-efficient in their categories among those that have earned the Energy Star label. This pilot program is part of Energy Star's overall commitment to protect people's health and the environment by encouraging energy efficiency. The "Most Efficient" initiative also continues Energy Star's work to provide consumers with the best efficiency information so they can make investments that will lower
Small Businesses Nationwide Begin Work on Cutting-Edge Innovative Research
Small Businesses Nationwide Begin Work on Cutting-Edge Innovative Small Businesses Nationwide Begin Work on Cutting-Edge Innovative Research Projects Small Businesses Nationwide Begin Work on Cutting-Edge Innovative Research Projects February 21, 2012 - 12:18pm Addthis Washington, D.C. - Energy Secretary Steven Chu today announced that with support from the Department of Energy, 142 small businesses around the nation are starting work this week on 180 innovative research projects ranging from designing better wind turbines to developing a chemical-free approach to killing bacteria in power plant cooling water and from developing instruments to improve nanomaterials to making new coatings to improve the efficiency of gas turbines. These grants to small businesses - totaling $26.4 million - are developing new energy technologies that
Edge-enhanced imaging obtained with very broad energy band x-rays
We demonstrate both theoretically and experimentally that edge-enhancement effects are produced when objects, in contact with the x-ray detector, are imaged by using very broad x-ray spectra. Radiographs of thin Al objects have been obtained with a table-top synchrotron source which generates x-rays in the energy range from a few kilo-electron-volts up to 6 MeV. Edge-enhancement effects arise from the combination of x-ray absorption (kilo-electron-volt part of the spectrum) and secondary particle emission (mega-electron-volt part of the spectrum) within the sample. The exact contribution of absorption and emission profiles in the edge-enhanced images has been calculated via Monte Carlo simulation.
Taibi, A.; Cardarelli, P.; Di Domenico, G.; Marziani, M.; Gambaccini, M. [Department of Physics, University of Ferrara, INFN Section of Ferrara, via Saragat 1, 44100 Ferrara (Italy); Hanashima, T. [Photon Production Laboratory Ltd., 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577 (Japan); Yamada, H. [Synchrotron Light Life Science Center, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577 (Japan)
EM Launches Revamped Website: New cutting-edge platform with sleek
EM Launches Revamped Website: New cutting-edge platform with sleek EM Launches Revamped Website: New cutting-edge platform with sleek appearance focuses on ease-of-use EM Launches Revamped Website: New cutting-edge platform with sleek appearance focuses on ease-of-use January 7, 2013 - 12:00pm Addthis A screenshot of the newly revamped EM website. A screenshot of the newly revamped EM website. EM's previous website EM's previous website A screenshot of the newly revamped EM website. EM's previous website WASHINGTON, D.C. - EM entered 2013 with a bold transition to a more user-friendly public website, http://energy.gov/em. EM launched the redesigned site after an extensive effort to recreate its old EM web pages and provide a modern Internet experience for website visitors. Based on Energy.gov's fresh innovative appearance and effective
DOE Awards Supercomputer Access to Cutting-Edge Projects | Department of
Supercomputer Access to Cutting-Edge Projects Supercomputer Access to Cutting-Edge Projects DOE Awards Supercomputer Access to Cutting-Edge Projects December 18, 2008 - 8:51am Addthis WASHINGTON, D.C. - The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Science announced today that 66 projects addressing some of the greatest scientific challenges have been awarded access to some of the world's most powerful supercomputers at DOE national laboratories. The projects-competitively selected for their technical readiness and scientific merit-will advance research in key areas such as astrophysics, climate change, new materials, energy production and biology, and thereby advance U.S. competitiveness. "From understanding the makeup of our universe to protecting the quality of life here on earth, the computational science now possible using DOE's
The Story of a Cutting-Edge Solar Startup | Department of Energy
The Story of a Cutting-Edge Solar Startup The Story of a Cutting-Edge Solar Startup The Story of a Cutting-Edge Solar Startup June 20, 2012 - 9:40am Addthis Erin R. Pierce Erin R. Pierce Digital Communications Specialist, Office of Public Affairs What does this project do? Watch the video to learn how Alta Devices manufacturers high performance solar cells at a low cost. Alta Devices is rethinking how high performance solar cells are made. The Silicon Valley startup has taken gallium arsenide -- an expensive semiconductor material that is incredibly efficient at turning sunlight into electricity -- and developed a commercially viable processes for manufacturing it into solar modules. In 2009, Alta Devices was selected to participate in the Energy Department's SunShot Incubator program. Now in its sixth iteration,
Secretary Chu Announces New Investments in Cutting-Edge Wind Energy
New Investments in Cutting-Edge Wind Energy New Investments in Cutting-Edge Wind Energy Research Facilities Secretary Chu Announces New Investments in Cutting-Edge Wind Energy Research Facilities October 15, 2009 - 12:00am Addthis Washington, DC - U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu announced new investments today in three university-led wind energy research facilities that will enhance the United States' leadership role in testing and producing the most advanced and efficient wind turbines in the world. The funding is from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, and the research will focus on improving both land-based and offshore wind generation. "Wind power has the potential to provide 20 percent of our electricity and create hundreds of thousands of jobs," said Secretary Chu. "We need to
Summary World Biofuels Energy Data (from World on the Edge) | OpenEI
Biofuels Energy Data (from World on the Edge) Biofuels Energy Data (from World on the Edge) Dataset Summary Description This dataset presents summary information related to world biofuels production. It is part of a supporting dataset for the book World On the Edge: How to Prevent Environmental and Economic Collapse by Lester R. Brown, available from the Earth Policy Institute. This biofuels dataset includes the following ethanol production data: World (1975 - 2010); ten leading countries in the world (2010); U.S. (1978 - 2010); Brazil (1975 - 2010); China (2002 - 2010); E.U. (1992 - 2010), as well as Corn production and use for ethanol in the U.S. (1980 - 2010). Also included is biodiesel production data for: World (1991 - 2010); five leading countries (2010); U.S. (2000 - 2010); and the E.U. (2000 - 2010).
New 100Gbps Network Will Keep America on Cutting Edge of Innovation |
100Gbps Network Will Keep America on Cutting Edge of Innovation 100Gbps Network Will Keep America on Cutting Edge of Innovation New 100Gbps Network Will Keep America on Cutting Edge of Innovation November 15, 2011 - 11:22am Addthis Initially the network will connect the three Energy Department unclassified supercomputing centers: the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) at Berkeley Lab, Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF), and Argonne Leadership Computing Facility (ALCF), as well as the Manhattan Landing International Exchange Point (MANLAN). Initially the network will connect the three Energy Department unclassified supercomputing centers: the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) at Berkeley Lab, Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF), and Argonne Leadership Computing Facility (ALCF), as well as the
In Carpet Capitol of the World, Carpet Edging is Green Fuel | Department of
In Carpet Capitol of the World, Carpet Edging is Green Fuel In Carpet Capitol of the World, Carpet Edging is Green Fuel In Carpet Capitol of the World, Carpet Edging is Green Fuel June 2, 2010 - 4:55pm Addthis Stephen Graff Former Writer & editor for Energy Empowers, EERE Forget solar or wind. In the carpet capitol of the world, Shaw Industries, Inc. in Dalton, Ga., is sticking to what it knows best: carpet. The flooring company sends a good portion of the trimmings from its carpet-producing facility to its waste-to-energy plant, which turns the material into steam by heating it with extreme temperatures to power the plant's dye-processing machines. And soon, another Shaw facility will have a plant just like it, meaning all the trimmings that come out the company's eight production facilities-and some from other companies'
Cutting Edge Vehicles Take Center Stage at Texas Green Racing Event |
Cutting Edge Vehicles Take Center Stage at Texas Green Racing Event Cutting Edge Vehicles Take Center Stage at Texas Green Racing Event Cutting Edge Vehicles Take Center Stage at Texas Green Racing Event September 27, 2013 - 4:00pm Addthis Team Muscle Milk won the American Le Mans Series race at the Circuit of the Americas in Austin, Texas last weekend. The Honda ARX-03c runs on E10 fuel. | Photo courtesy of Rizzo Motorsports Images Team Muscle Milk won the American Le Mans Series race at the Circuit of the Americas in Austin, Texas last weekend. The Honda ARX-03c runs on E10 fuel. | Photo courtesy of Rizzo Motorsports Images A Corvette running on E85 fuel won the GT class at Circuit of the Americas. | Photo courtesy of Rizzo Motorsports Images A Corvette running on E85 fuel won the GT class at Circuit of the Americas.
Summary World Solar Energy Data (from World on the Edge) | OpenEI
Solar Energy Data (from World on the Edge) Solar Energy Data (from World on the Edge) Dataset Summary Description This dataset presents summary information related to world solar energy. It is part of a supporting dataset for the book World On the Edge: How to Prevent Environmental and Economic Collapse by Lester R. Brown, available from the Earth Policy Institute. This solar energy dataset includes the following: World solar PV production (1975 - 2009); Annual solar PV production by country (1995 - 2009); Solar PV production in the US (1976 - 2009); World cumulative solar PV installations (1998 - 2009); Annual solar PV installations in selected countries and the world (1998 - 2009); Cumulative solar PV installations in the US (1998 - 2009) and EU (1998 - 2009); World installed concentrating solar thermal power capacity (1980 - 2009); solar water and space heating area in selected countries (2008) and top ten countries (2008).
Summary World Oil Data (from World on the Edge) | OpenEI
Oil Data (from World on the Edge) Oil Data (from World on the Edge) Dataset Summary Description This dataset presents summary information related to world oil. It is part of a supporting dataset for the book World On the Edge: How to Prevent Environmental and Economic Collapse by Lester R. Brown, available from the Earth Policy Institute. This world oil dataset includes the following data: World oil production (1950 - 2009): Top 20 producing countries (2009); Oil production in U.S. (1900 - 2009); Oil consumption in U.S. (950 - 2010); Oil consumption in China (1965 - 2009); Oil consumption in E.U. (1965 - 2009); Top 20 oil importing countries (2009); World's 20 largest oil discoveries; Real price of gasoline (2007); Retail gas prices by country (2008); and fossil fuel consumption subsidies (2009).
Launches Revamped Website: New cutting-edge platform with sleek Launches Revamped Website: New cutting-edge platform with sleek appearance focuses on ease-of-use EM Launches Revamped Website: New cutting-edge platform with sleek appearance focuses on ease-of-use January 7, 2013 - 12:00pm Addthis A screenshot of the newly revamped EM website. A screenshot of the newly revamped EM website. EM's previous website EM's previous website A screenshot of the newly revamped EM website. EM's previous website WASHINGTON, D.C. - EM entered 2013 with a bold transition to a more user-friendly public website, http://energy.gov/em. EM launched the redesigned site after an extensive effort to recreate its old EM web pages and provide a modern Internet experience for website visitors. Based on Energy.gov's fresh innovative appearance and effective
Physicist John Schmidt, designer of cutting-edge fusion facilities, dies at
Physicist John Schmidt, designer of cutting-edge fusion facilities, dies at Physicist John Schmidt, designer of cutting-edge fusion facilities, dies at 72 By John Greenwald February 15, 2013 Tweet Widget Facebook Like Google Plus One John Schmidt, 1940-2013 (Photo by Elle Starkman) John Schmidt, 1940-2013 Physicist John Schmidt, whose profound and wide-ranging contributions to the U.S. Department of Energy's Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) made him a highly respected leader in the worldwide quest for fusion energy, died on February 13 following a brain hemorrhage. He was 72. Schmidt won wide acclaim for heading the design of cutting-edge facilities for magnetic fusion research during a 36-year career at PPPL, from which he retired in 2005. As interim director in 1996 he led the Laboratory's successful transition from large, fusion power-producing experiments such
Higher Order Curvature Theories of Gravity Matched with Observations: a Bridge Between Dark Energy and Dark Matter Problems
Higher order curvature gravity has recently received a lot of attention due to the fact that it gives rise to cosmological models which seem capable of solving dark energy and quintessence issues without using "ad hoc" scalar fields. Such an approach is naturally related to fundamental theories of quantum gravity which predict higher order terms for loop expansions of quantum fields in curved spacetimes. In this framework, we obtain a class of cosmological solutions which are fitted against cosmological data. We reproduce reliable models able to fit high redshift supernovae and WMAP observations. The age of the universe and other cosmological parameters are recovered in this context. Furthermore, in the weak field limit, we obtain gravitational potentials which differ from the Newtonian one because of repulsive corrections increasing with distance. We evaluate the rotation curve of our Galaxy and compare it with the observed data in order to test the viability of these theories and to estimate the scale-length of the correction. It is remarkable that the Milky Way rotation curve is well fitted without the need of any dark matter halo and similar results hold also for other galaxies.
S. Capozziello; V. F. Cardone; S. Carloni; A. Troisi
The stabilization of a methane-air edge flame within a mixing layer in a narrow channel
The flame stabilization mechanism of a methane-air edge flame formulated in a narrow channel was experimentally investigated and compared with a simple analytical model. Non-premixed flames were classified into premixed flame modes and edge flame modes. The correlation between the propagation velocity and the fuel concentration gradient in a narrow channel was investigated and the applicability of ordinary edge-flame theory was appraised. (author)
Lee, Min Jung; Kim, Nam Il [School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak, Seoul 156-76 (Korea)
Tempest Simulations of Collisionless Damping of the Geodesic-Acoustic Mode in Edge-Plasma Pedestals
The fully nonlinear (full-f) four-dimensional TEMPEST gyrokinetic continuum code correctly produces the frequency and collisionless damping of geodesic-acoustic modes (GAMs) and zonal flow, with fully nonlinear Boltzmann electrons for the inverse aspect ratio {epsilon} scan and the tokamak safety factor q scan in homogeneous plasmas. TEMPEST simulations show that the GAMs exist in the edge pedestal for steep density and temperature gradients in the form of outgoing waves. The enhanced GAM damping may explain experimental beam emission spectroscopy measurements on the edge q scaling of the GAM amplitude.
Xu, X. Q.; Xiong, Z.; Nevins, W. M. [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550 (United States); Gao, Z. [Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 (China); McKee, G. R. [University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (United States)
TEMPEST Simulations of Collisionless Damping of Geodesic-Acoustic Mode in Edge Plasma Pedestal
The fully nonlinear (full-f) 4D TEMPEST gyrokinetic continuum code produces frequency, collisionless damping of GAM and zonal flow with fully nonlinear Boltzmann electrons for the inverse aspect ratio {epsilon}-scan and the tokamak safety factor q-scan in homogeneous plasmas. The TEMPEST simulation shows that GAM exists in edge plasma pedestal for steep density and temperature gradients, and an initial GAM relaxes to the standard neoclassical residual, rather than Rosenbluth-Hinton residual due to the presence of ion-ion collisions. The enhanced GAM damping explains experimental BES measurements on the edge q scaling of the GAM amplitude.
Xu, X Q; Xiong, Z; Nevins, W M; McKee, G R
The fully nonlinear 4D TEMPEST gyrokinetic continuum code produces frequency, collisionless damping of geodesic-acoustic mode (GAM) and zonal flow with fully nonlinear Boltzmann electrons for the inverse aspect ratio {epsilon}-scan and the tokamak safety factor q-scan in homogeneous plasmas. The TEMPEST simulation shows that GAM exists in edge plasma pedestal for steep density and temperature gradients, and an initial GAM relaxes to the standard neoclassical residual, rather than Rosenbluth-Hinton residual due to the presence of ion-ion collisions. The enhanced GAM damping explains experimental BES measurements on the edge q scaling of the GAM amplitude.
Xu, X; Xiong, Z; Nevins, W; McKee, G
Conductance of a helical edge liquid coupled to a magnetic impurity.
Transport in an ideal two-dimensional quantum spin Hall device is dominated by the counterpropagating edge states of electrons with opposite spins, giving the universal value of the conductance, 2e{sup 2}/h. We study the effect on the conductance of a magnetic impurity, which can backscatter an electron from one edge state to the other. In the case of isotropic Kondo exchange we find that the correction to the electrical conductance caused by such an impurity vanishes in the dc limit, while the thermal conductance does acquire a finite correction due to the spin-flip backscattering.
Tanaka, Y.; Furusaki, A.; Matveev, K. A. (Materials Science Division); (RIKEN)
MyRED Registration Audit Trail Registration Audit Trail
ID and indicate the term you wish to view. Click Search. If you don't indicate the term before you click Search, a list of applicable terms to select from will appear below. September 15, 2011 a particular course, enter the Subject Area and/or Catalog Nbr into the Filter and click Search. 1 #12;My
Farritor, Shane
Final Report for "Extending BOUT++ for Solution of Edge Plasma Equations for Use in Whole Device Simulation of Tokamaks"
In this Phase I project we have extended the BOUT++ code to solve edge fluid equations. We added a simple neutral fluid model, created a mesh generator as well as collected a set of difficult test problems for benchmarking edge codes. The work in this project should be useful as a starting point to build a complete set of edge fluid equations in BOUT++ that would enhance its ability to not only perform edge turbulence calculations, but also allow the coupled transport-turbulence equations evolved in an efficient manner.
Ammar H Hakim
Coed y Brenin Animal Trail
North of Dolgellau on the A470. You will see me in your gardens with my red breast. I am very on slugs and grubs, am shy and live in a sett. I start my life as an egg, have four wings, am an insect coloured wings. With my long tongue I feed on nectar. I am a mammal, eat insects, my body is round and have
The Tilt of the Leading Edge of Mesoscale Tropical Convective Lines
The tilt with height of the leading edge of seven mesoscale convective lines in GATE is determined by two independent methods. When averaged over time and along the line axis, the tilt is found to he surprisingly shallow, between 20 and 35 ...
M. A. LeMone; G. M. Barnes; E. J. Szoke; E. J. Zipser
Summary World Wind Energy Data (from World on the Edge)
This dataset presents summary information related...
Non-photorealistic camera: depth edge detection and stylized rendering using multi-flash imaging
We present a non-photorealistic rendering approach to capture and convey shape features of real-world scenes. We use a camera with multiple flashes that are strategically positioned to cast shadows along depth discontinuities in the scene. The projective-geometric ... Keywords: depth edges, image enhancement, non-photorealistic rendering
Ramesh Raskar; Kar-Han Tan; Rogerio Feris; Jingyi Yu; Matthew Turk
Multi-resolution system for artifact removal and edge enhancement in computerized tomography images
The aim of image enhancement means adopting some technical method, which includes algorithm, to stand out the interested characteristics of the image and to restrain some useless characteristics of the image. The image, which has been improved, can satisfy ... Keywords: Edge enhancement, Industrial CT images, Multi-resolution techniques
S. Arivazhagan; S. Deivalakshmi; K. Kannan; B. N. Gajbhiye; C. Muralidhar; Sijo N. Lukose; M. P. Subramanian
Local Laplacian filters: edge-aware image processing with a Laplacian pyramid
The Laplacian pyramid is ubiquitous for decomposing images into multiple scales and is widely used for image analysis. However, because it is constructed with spatially invariant Gaussian kernels, the Laplacian pyramid is widely believed as being unable ... Keywords: edge-aware image processing, image pyramids
Sylvain Paris; Samuel W. Hasinoff; Jan Kautz
Edge preserving orientation adaptive filtering P. Bakker, L.J. van Vliet, P.W. Verbeek Pattern preserving Abstract In this paper we describe a new strategy for com- bining orientation adaptive filtering borders. The local orientation for steering the filter will be estimated in a fixed sized window which
Edge preserving orientation adaptive filtering P. Bakker, L.J. van Vliet, P.W. Verbeek Pattern preserving Abstract In this paper we describe a new strategy for com bining orientation adaptive filtering borders. The local orientation for steering the filter will be estimated in a fixed sized window which
Time-dependent 2-D modeling of edge plasma transport with high intermittency due to blobs
The results on time-dependent 2-D fluid modeling of edge plasmas with non-diffusive intermittent transport across the magnetic field (termed cross-field) based on the novel macro-blob approach are presented. The capability of this approach to simulate the long temporal evolution ({approx}0.1 s) of the background plasma and simultaneously the fast spatiotemporal dynamics of blobs ({approx}10{sup -4} s) is demonstrated. An analysis of a periodic sequence of many macro-blobs (PSMB) is given showing that the resulting plasma attains a dynamic equilibrium. Plasma properties in the dynamic equilibrium are discussed. In PSMB modeling, the effect of macro-blob generation frequency on edge plasma parameters is studied. Comparison between PSMB modeling and experimental profile data is given. The calculations are performed for the same plasma discharge using two different models for anomalous cross-field transport: time-average convection and PSMB. Parametric analysis of edge plasma variation with transport coefficients in these models is presented. The capability of the models to accurately simulate enhanced transport due to blobs is compared. Impurity dynamics in edge plasma with macro-blobs is also studied showing strong impact of macro-blob on profiles of impurity charge states caused by enhanced outward transport of high-charge states and simultaneous inward transport of low-charge states towards the core. Macro-blobs cause enhancement of sputtering rates, increase radiation and impurity concentration in plasma, and change erosion/deposition patterns.
Pigarov, A. Yu.; Krasheninnikov, S. I. [University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 (United States); Rognlien, T. D. [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551 (United States)
Fast 2-D camera control, data acquisition, and database techniques for edge studies on NSTX
-by-frame examination is not practical. This paper describes image analysis, database techniques, and visualization (typically referred to as "blobs") near the plasma edge. Software tools that generate statistics of blob affect plasma confinement and heat loads on plasma facing components, and are thus of particular interest
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
Fast 2-D Camera Control, Data Acquisition, and Database Techniques for Edge Studies on NSTX
. This paper describes image analysis, database techniques, and visualization methods used to organize the fast") near the plasma edge. Software tools that generate statistics of blob speed, shape, amplitude, size, and orientation are described. The characteristics of emitted blobs affect plasma confinement and heat loads
Investigation of ELM [edge localized mode] Dynamics with the Resonant Magnetic Perturbation Effects
Topics covered are: anomalous transport and E �? B flow shear effects in the H-mode pedestal; RMP (resonant magnetic perturbation) effects in NSTX discharges; development of a scaling of H-mode pedestal in tokamak plasmas with type I ELMs (edge localized modes); and divertor heat load studies.
Alexei Y. Pankin; Arnold H. Kritz
ScribbleBoost: adding classification to edge-aware interpolation of local image and video adjustments
One of the most common tasks in image and video editing is the local adjustment of various properties (e.g., saturation or brightness) of regions within an image or video. Edge-aware interpolation of user-drawn scribbles offers a less effort-intensive ...
Y. Li; E. Adelson; A. Agarwala
Large-Scale Lateral Entrainment and Detrainment at the Edge of a Geostrophic Shear Layer
The evolution of large-amplitude disturbances at the outer edge of a quasi-geostrophic shear layer depends on the sign of the outward gradient of potential vorticity. Entrainment of ambient water can occur when the gradient of relative vorticity ...
Melvin E. Stern
Hybrid wet paper coding mechanism for steganography employing n-indicator and fuzzy edge detector
Data hiding technique can facilitate security and the safe transmission of important information in the digital domain, which generally requires a high embedding payload and good stego image quality. Recently, a steganographic framework known as wet ... Keywords: Fuzzy edge detector, Indicator, Security, Steganography, Wet paper coding
Chin-Chen Chang; Jung-San Lee; T. Hoang Ngan Le
Spectrally narrowed leaky waveguide edge emission and transient electrluminescent dynamics of OLEDs
In summary, there are two major research works presented in this dissertation. The first research project (Chapter 4) is spectrally narrowed edge emission from Organic Light Emitting Diodes. The second project (Chapter 5) is about transient electroluminescent dynamics in OLEDs. Chapter 1 is a general introduction of OLEDs. Chapter 2 is a general introduction of organic semiconductor lasers. Chapter 3 is a description of the thermal evaporation method for OLED fabrication. The detail of the first project was presented in Chapter 4. Extremely narrowed spectrum was observed from the edge of OLED devices. A threshold thickness exists, above which the spectrum is narrow, and below which the spectrum is broad. The FWHM of spectrum depends on the material of the organic thin films, the thickness of the organic layers, and length of the OLED device. A superlinear relationship between the output intensity of the edge emission and the length of the device was observed, which is probably due to the misalignment of the device edge and the optical fiber detector. The original motivation of this research is for organic semiconductor laser that hasn't been realized due to the extremely high photon absorption in OLED devices. Although we didn't succeed in fabricating an electrically pumped organic laser diode, we made a comprehensive research in edge emission of OLEDs which provides valuable results in understanding light distribution and propagation in OLED devices. Chapter 5 focuses on the second project. A strong spike was observed at the falling edge of a pulse, and a long tail followed. The spike was due to the recombination of correlated charge pair (CCP) created by trapped carriers in guest molecules of the recombination zone. When the bias was turned off, along with the decreasing of electric field in the device, the electric field induced quenching decreases and the recombination rate of the CCP increases which result in the spike. This research project provides a profound understanding of the EL dynamics of OLED, and the theoretical model can fit and explain the experiment data quite well. For the edge emission, we focused on the spectrum and the relative intensity of the edge emission. In the future, more research can be done on the comparison of the intensity between the total edge emission and the surface emission which will give us a sense what fraction of light was trapped in the device. Micro structures can be integrated into the OLED such as DFB and DBR, the character of edge emission should be very interesting. For the transient spike, the CCP model can give a good explanation. But in the model, the effect of the electric field change is not included, because from the start point (t=0), we assume the mobility of carriers is a constant. If we consider the details of the change of the electric field, then when turning of the bias, the decrease of the electric field results in decrease of the carrier mobility and the dissociation rate. If we can add the electric field effect into the model, the whole theory will be more convincing.
Zhengqing, Gan
Full length article: Turbo equalization receivers for evolved GSM/EDGE radio access network using QAM modulation
For evolution of the GSM/EDGE radio access network (RAN), the use of higher order modulation like 16- and 32-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is considered in standardization for increased peak data rates and reduced transmission delays. In ... Keywords: Complexity reduction, GSM/EDGE, Higher order modulation, Turbo coding, Turbo equalization
Patrick Nickel; Wolfgang Gerstacker; Christoph Reck; Wolfgang Koch
Computer Simulations of Edge Effects in a Small-Area Mesa N-P Junction Diodes: Preprint
In this work, computer simulations are used to determine the influence of edge conditions on the overall performance of mesa diodes under dark and illuminated conditions. In particular, we examine the effect of edge shape on the I-V characteristics of the diode.
Appel, J.; Sopori, B.; Ravindra, N. M.
General Method for Determination of the Surface Composition in Bimetallic Nanoparticle Catalysts from the L Edge X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Spectra
Bimetallic PtPd on silica nano-particle catalysts have been synthesized and their average structure determined by Pt L3 and Pd K-edge extended X-ray absorption finestructure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. The bimetallic structure is confirmed from elemental line scans by STEM for the individual 1-2 nm sized particles. A general method is described to determine the surface composition in bimetallic nanoparticles even when both metals adsorb, for example, CO. By measuring the change in the L3 X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra with and without CO in bimetallic particles and comparing these changes to those in monometallic particles of known size the fraction of surface atoms can be determined. The turnover rates (TOR) and neopentane hydrogenolysis and isomerization selectivities based on the surface composition suggest that the catalytic and spectroscopic properties are different from those in monometallic nano-particle catalysts. At the same neo-pentane conversion, the isomerization selectivity is higher for the PtPd catalyst while the TOR is lower than that of both Pt and Pd. As with the catalytic performance, the infrared spectra of adsorbed CO are not a linear combination of the spectra on monometallic catalysts. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the Pt-CO adsorption enthalpy increases while the Pd-CO bond energy decreases. The ability to determine the surface composition allows for a better understanding of the spectroscopic and catalytic properties of bimetallic nanoparticle catalysts.
Wu, Tiapin; Childers, David; Gomez, Carolina; Karim, Ayman M.; Schweitzer, Neil; Kropf, Arthur; Wang, Hui; Bolin, Trudy B.; Hu, Yongfeng; Kovarik, Libor; Meyer, Randall; Miller, Jeffrey T.
DOE Awards Supercomputer Access to Cutting-Edge Projects | U.S. DOE Office
DOE Awards DOE Awards Supercomputer Access to Cutting-Edge Projects News Featured Articles Science Headlines 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 Presentations & Testimony News Archives Contact Information Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy 1000 Independence Ave., SW Washington, DC 20585 P: (202) 586-5430 12.18.08 DOE Awards Supercomputer Access to Cutting-Edge Projects Print Text Size: A A A Subscribe FeedbackShare Page WASHINGTON, D.C. - The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Science announced today that 66 projects addressing some of the greatest scientific challenges have been awarded access to some of the world's most powerful supercomputers at DOE national laboratories. The projects-competitively selected for their technical readiness and scientific merit-will advance research in key areas such as astrophysics,
U.S. Department of Energy and Masdar Collaborate In Testing Cutting-Edge
Department of Energy and Masdar Collaborate In Testing Department of Energy and Masdar Collaborate In Testing Cutting-Edge Solar PV Coating Technologies U.S. Department of Energy and Masdar Collaborate In Testing Cutting-Edge Solar PV Coating Technologies February 28, 2011 - 12:00am Addthis Abu Dhabi-UAE: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and Masdar, Abu Dhabi's multifaceted renewable energy initiative, announced that they will collaborate to test the performance of specially coated solar photovoltaic modules designed to avoid the moisture and cementation problems currently faced by PV module producers worldwide and prevent dry dust adhesion. Developed by the U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) - the U.S. federal laboratory dedicated to the research, development, commercialization and deployment of renewable energy and energy efficiency
Effects of edge plasma turbulence on radial correlation length measurements with BES
The recently developed technique of beam emission spectroscopy (BES) provides a tool to study long-wavelength density turbulence (coherence length {much gt} ion gyroradius) in hot tokamak plasmas. To provide an accurate conversion of the measured light intensity fluctuations to a local {ital {tilde n}}/{ital n} density fluctuation and to assess the influence of density fluctuations in the neutral beam induced by large edge turbulence, a multistate neutral beam excitation/transport code for realistic experimental geometries has been written. Results from this code show that the attenuation of the beam density induced by edge turbulence can give rise to significant levels of common-mode fluctuation power in signals from the plasma core and that the derivation of quantitative values of {ital {tilde n}}/{ital n} from experimental measurements depends weakly on the radial extent of the density fluctuations.
Gianakon, T.A.; Fonck, R.J.; Callen, J.D.; Durst, R.D.; Kim, J.S. (Department of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (United States)); Paul, S.F. (Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08543 (United States))
Increasing subsequences and the hard-to-soft edge transition in matrix ensembles
Our interest is in the cumulative probabilities Pr(L(t) \\le l) for the maximum length of increasing subsequences in Poissonized ensembles of random permutations, random fixed point free involutions and reversed random fixed point free involutions. It is shown that these probabilities are equal to the hard edge gap probability for matrix ensembles with unitary, orthogonal and symplectic symmetry respectively. The gap probabilities can be written as a sum over correlations for certain determinantal point processes. From these expressions a proof can be given that the limiting form of Pr(L(t) \\le l) in the three cases is equal to the soft edge gap probability for matrix ensembles with unitary, orthogonal and symplectic symmetry respectively, thereby reclaiming theorems due to Baik-Deift-Johansson and Baik-Rains.
Alexei Borodin; Peter J. Forrester
PPPL scientists present cutting-edge results at major physics meeting |
scientists present cutting-edge results at major physics meeting scientists present cutting-edge results at major physics meeting By Kitta MacPherson November 12, 2013 Tweet Widget Facebook Like Google Plus One Gallery: The "Remote Glow Discharge Experiment (RGDX)". The "Remote Glow Discharge Experiment (RGDX)". Arturo Dominguez. (Photo by Elle Starkman/ PPPL Office of Communications) Arturo Dominguez. More than 1,500 researchers, including scientists from the U.S. Department of Energy's Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), have gathered in Denver, Colorado, for the 55th Annual Meeting of the American Physical Society's (APS) Division of Plasma Physics (DPP). The five-day conference concludes Nov. 15. While there, they will attend nine half-day sessions covering topics ranging from the challenges of producing a fusion reaction
Solar Startup Semprius to Create 250 Jobs in North Carolina at Cutting-Edge
Solar Startup Semprius to Create 250 Jobs in North Carolina at Solar Startup Semprius to Create 250 Jobs in North Carolina at Cutting-Edge Pilot Plant Solar Startup Semprius to Create 250 Jobs in North Carolina at Cutting-Edge Pilot Plant July 25, 2011 - 9:44am Addthis A tiny Semprius HCPV cell, mounted on an interposer. Each cell is only 0.6mm on one side. | Photo courtesy of Semprius A tiny Semprius HCPV cell, mounted on an interposer. Each cell is only 0.6mm on one side. | Photo courtesy of Semprius A prototype of the module that will be manufactured at the new plant in Henderson, North Caroline. | Photo courtesy of Semprius A prototype of the module that will be manufactured at the new plant in Henderson, North Caroline. | Photo courtesy of Semprius The Semprius RD&D system in Tucson, Arizona. | Photo courtesy of Semprius
Development of a YAG laser system for the edge Thomson scattering system in ITER
A prototype YAG laser system for the edge Thomson scattering system in ITER has been newly developed. Performance of the laser amplifier was improved by using flow tubes made of samarium-doped glass; the small signal gain reached 20 at its maximum. As a result, an output energy of 7.66 J at 100 Hz was successfully achieved, and the performance exceeded the target performance (5 J, 100 Hz).
Hatae, T.; Yatsuka, E.; Hayashi, T.; Ono, T.; Kusama, Y. [Fusion Research and Development Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Ibaraki 311-0193 (Japan); Yoshida, H. [Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871 (Japan)
Edge seal for a porous gas distribution plate of a fuel cell
In an improved seal for a gas distribution plate of a fuel cell, a groove is provided extending along an edge of the plate. A member of resinous material is arranged within the groove and a paste comprising an immobilized acid is arranged surrounding the member and substantially filling the groove. The seal, which is impervious to the gas being distributed, is resistant to deterioration by the electrolyte of the cell.
Feigenbaum, Haim (Highland Park, NJ); Pudick, Sheldon (Sayreville, NJ); Singh, Rajindar (Ridgewood, NJ)
The pinch of cold ions from recycling in the tokamak edge pedestal
We apply the ''natural fueling mechanism'' [W. Wan, S. E. Parker, Y. Chen, and F. W. Perkins, Phys. Plasmas 17, 040701 (2010)] to the edge pedestal. The natural fueling mechanism is where cold ions naturally pinch radially inward for a heat-flux dominated plasma. It is shown from neoclassical-neutral transport coupled simulations that the recycling neutrals and the associated source ions are colder than the main ions in the edge pedestal. These recycling source ions will pinch radially inward due to microturbulence. Gyrokinetic turbulence simulations indicate that near the top of the pedestal, the pinch velocity of the recycling source ions is much higher than the main ion outgoing flow velocity. The turbulent pinch of the recycling source ions may play a role in the edge pedestal transport and dynamics. The cold ion temperature significantly enhances the pinch velocity of the recycling source ions near to the pedestal top. Neoclassical calculations show a cold ion pinch in the pedestal as well.
Wan Weigang; Parker, Scott E.; Chen Yang [Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309 (United States); Park, Gun-Young [National Fusion Research Institute, 113 Gwahangno, Yuseong-Gu, DaeJeon 305-333 (Korea, Republic of); Chang, Choong-Seock [Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, New York 10003 (United States); Stotler, Daren [Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543 (United States)
The Cosmic Battery and the Inner Edge of the Accretion Disk
The Poynting-Robertson Cosmic Battery proposes that the innermost part of the accretion disk around a black hole is threaded by a large scale dipolar magnetic field generated in situ, and that the return part of the field diffuses outward through the accretion disk. This is different from the scenario that the field originates at large distances and is carried inward by the accretion flow. In view of the importance of large scale magnetic fields in regulating the processes of accretion and outflows, we study the stability of the inner edge of a magnetized disk in general relativity when the distribution of the magnetic field is the one predicted by the Poynting-Robertson Cosmic Battery. We found that as the field grows, the inner edge of the disk gradually moves outward. In a fast spinning black hole with a>0.8M the inner edge moves back in towards the black hole horizon as the field grows beyond some threshold value. In all cases, the inner part of the disk undergoes a dramatic structural change as the field...
Contopoulos, Ioannis
Edge effects, not connectivity, determine the incidence and development of a foliar fungal plant disease.
Using a model plant-pathogen system in a large-scale habitat corridor experiment, we found that corridors do not facilitate the movement of wind-dispersed plant pathogens, that connectivity of patches does not enhance levels of foliar fungal plant disease, and that edge effects are the key drivers of plant disease dynamics. Increased spread of infectious disease is often cited as a potential negative effect of habitat corridors used in conservation, but the impacts of corridors on pathogen movement have never been tested empirically. Using sweet corn (Zea mays) and southern corn leaf blight (Cochliobolus heterostrophus) as a model plant-pathogen system, we tested the impacts of connectivity and habitat fragmentation on pathogen movement and disease development at the Savannah River Site, South Carolina, USA. Over time, less edgy patches had higher proportions of diseased plants, and distance of host plants to habitat edges was the greatest determinant of disease development. Variation in average daytime temperatures provided a possible mechanism for these disease patterns. Our results show that worries over the potentially harmful effects of conservation corridors on disease dynamics are misplaced, and that, in a conservation context, many diseases can be better managed by mitigating edge effects.
Johnson, Brenda, L.; Haddad, Nick, M.
EXAFS and XANES analysis of plutonium and cerium edges from titanate ceramics for fissile materials disposal.
We report x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra from the plutonium L{sub III} edge and XANES from the cerium L{sub II} edge in prototype titanate ceramic hosts. The titanate ceramics studied are based upon the hafnium-pyrochlore and zirconolite mineral structures and will serve as an immobilization host for surplus fissile materials, containing as much as 10 weight % fissile plutonium and 20 weight % (natural or depleted) uranium. Three ceramic formulations were studied: one employed cerium as a ''surrogate'' element, replacing both plutonium and uranium in the ceramic matrix, another formulation contained plutonium in a ''baseline'' ceramic formulation, and a third contained plutonium in a formulation representing a high-impurity plutonium stream. The cerium XANES from the surrogate ceramic clearly indicates a mixed III-IV oxidation state for the cerium. In contrast, XANES analysis of the two plutonium-bearing ceramics shows that the plutonium is present almost entirely as Pu(IV) and occupies the calcium site in the zirconolite and pyrochlore phases. The plutonium EXAFS real-space structure shows a strong second-shell peak, clearly distinct from that of PuO{sub 2}, with remarkably little difference in the plutonium crystal chemistry indicated between the baseline and high-impurity formulations.
Fortner, J. A.; Kropf, A. J.; Bakel, A. J.; Hash, M. C.; Aase, S. B.; Buck, E. C.; Chamerlain, D. B.
Fabrication and Testing of a Leading-Edge-Shaped Heat Pipe
A leading-edge-shaped heat pipe was successfully fabricated and tested. The heat pipe had a "D-shaped" cross section and was fabricated from arc cast molybdenumrhenium. An artery was included in the wick. Several issues were resolved during the fabrication of the heat-pipe container and wick with a sharp-leading-edge radius. The heat pipe was tested in a vacuum chamber using induction heating and was started up from the frozen state several times. The heat pipe did operate as a heat pipe over a portion of its length. However, design temperatures and heat fluxes were not obtained due to premature failure of the heat pipe resulting from electrical discharge between the induction heating apparatus and the heat pipe. Introduction Stagnation regions, such as wing and tail leading edges and nose caps, are critical design areas of hypersonic aerospace vehicles because of the hostile thermal environment those regions experience during flight. As a hypersonic vehicle travels through the earth...
David Glass Analytical; David E. Glass; Michael A. Merrigan; J. Tom Sena; Robert S. Reid
Effects of Equipment Loading on the Vibrations of Edge-Stiffened Plates and Associated Modeling Issues
Predicting structural radiated noise is a process that involves several steps, often including the development of a finite element (FE) model to provide structural response predictions. Limitations of these FE models often govern the success of overall noise predictions. The purpose of the present investigation is to identify the effects of real world attachments on edge-stiffened plates and identify advanced modeling methods to facilitate vibroacoustic analyses of such complex structures. A combination of experimental and numerical methods is used in the evaluation. The results show the effects of adding attachments to the edge-stiffened plate in terms of mode shape mass loading, creation of new mode shapes, modifications to original mode shapes, and variations in damping levels. A finite element model of the edge-stiffened plate with simplified attachments has been developed and is used in conjunction with experimental data to aid in the developments. The investigation presented here represents a necessary first step toward implementing an advanced modeling technique.
R.L. Campbell; S.A. Hambric
Fully Nonlinear Edge Gyrokinetic Simulations of Kinetic Geodesic-Acoustic Modes and Boundary Flows
We present edge gyrokinetic neoclassical simulations of tokamak plasmas using the fully nonlinear (full-f) continuum code TEMPEST. A nonlinear Boltzmann model is used for the electrons. The electric field is obtained by solving the 2D gyrokinetic Poisson Equation. We demonstrate the following: (1) High harmonic resonances (n > 2) significantly enhance geodesic-acoustic mode (GAM) damping at high-q (tokamak safety factor), and are necessary to explain both the damping observed in our TEMPEST q-scans and experimental measurements of the scaling of the GAM amplitude with edge q{sub 95} in the absence of obvious evidence that there is a strong q dependence of the turbulent drive and damping of the GAM. (2) The kinetic GAM exists in the edge for steep density and temperature gradients in the form of outgoing waves, its radial scale is set by the ion temperature profile, and ion temperature inhomogeneity is necessary for GAM radial propagation. (3) The development of the neoclassical electric field evolves through different phases of relaxation, including GAMs, their radial propagation, and their long-time collisional decay. (4) Natural consequences of orbits in the pedestal and scrape-off layer region in divertor geometry are substantial non-Maxwellian ion distributions and flow characteristics qualitatively like those observed in experiments.
Xu, X Q; Belli, E; Bodi, K; Candy, J; Chang, C S; Cohen, B I; Cohen, R H; Colella, P; Dimits, A M; Dorr, M R; Gao, Z; Hittinger, J A; Ko, S; Krasheninnikov, S; McKee, G R; Nevins, W M; Rognlien, T D; Snyder, P B; Suh, J; Umansky, M V
ClearEdge Power formerly Quantum Leap Technology | Open Energy Information
ClearEdge Power formerly Quantum Leap Technology ClearEdge Power formerly Quantum Leap Technology Jump to: navigation, search Name ClearEdge Power (formerly Quantum Leap Technology) Place Hillsboro, Oregon Zip 97124 Sector Hydro, Hydrogen Product Develops small scale (~2.0kW) hydrogen fuel cells using silicon wafers. Coordinates 43.651735°, -90.341144° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":43.651735,"lon":-90.341144,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Investigations of flow and film cooling on turbine blade edge regions
The inlet temperature of modern gas turbine engines has been increased to achieve higher thermal efficiency and increased output. The blade edge regions, including the blade tip, the leading edge, and the platform, are exposed to the most extreme heat loads, and therefore, must be adequately cooled to maintain safety. For the blade tip, there is tip leakage flow due to the pressure gradient across the tip. This leakage flow not only reduces the blade aerodynamic performance, but also yields a high heat load due to the thin boundary layer and high speed. Various tip configurations, such as plane tip, double side squealer tip, and single suction side squealer tip, have been studied to find which one is the best configuration to reduce the tip leakage flow and the heat load. In addition to the flow and heat transfer on the blade tip, film cooling with various arrangements, including camber line, upstream, and two row configurations, have been studied. Besides these cases of low inlet/outlet pressure ratio, low temperature, non-rotating, the high inlet/outlet pressure ratio, high temperature, and rotating cases have been investigated, since they are closer to real turbine working conditions. The leading edge of the rotor blade experiences high heat transfer because of the stagnation flow. Film cooling on the rotor leading edge in a 1-1/2 turbine stage has been numerically studied for the design and off-design conditions. Simulations find that the increasing rotating speed shifts the stagnation line from the pressure side, to the leading edge and the suction side, while film cooling protection moves in the reverse direction with decreasing cooling effectiveness. Film cooling brings a high unsteady intensity of the heat transfer coefficient, especially on the suction side. The unsteady intensity of film cooling effectiveness is higher than that of the heat transfer coefficient. The film cooling on the rotor platform has gained significant attention due to the usage of low-aspect ratio and low-solidity turbine designs. Film cooling and its heat transfer are strongly influenced by the secondary flow of the end-wall and the stator-rotor interaction. Numerical predictions have been performed for the film cooling on the rotating platform of a whole turbine stage. The design conditions yield a high cooling effectiveness and decrease the cooling effectiveness unsteady intensity, while the high rpm condition dramatically reduces the film cooling effectiveness. High purge flow rates provide a better cooling protection. In addition, the impact of the turbine work process on film cooling effectiveness and heat transfer coefficient has been investigated. The overall cooling effectiveness shows a higher value than the adiabatic effectiveness does.
Yang, Huitao
Installation von Solid Edge ST4 Die Installationsdateien liegen als ZIP-Archiv vor und knnen im CAD-Pool auf den Rechnern des
Installation von Solid Edge ST4 Download Die Installationsdateien liegen als ZIP-Archiv vor und bleiben. Antivir von Avira meldet entfernen fälschlicherweise einige DLL's von Solid Edge als Trojaner starten. Installation Solid Edge ST4 Als erstes die *.zip-Datei entpacken (klick mit RMT auf die Datei
Berlin,Technische Universität
Application of Turbulence Energy Models to the Computation of Tidal Currents and Mixing Intensities in Shelf Edge Regions
The major steps in the formulation of a three-dimensional shelf edge model using a sigma coordinate system in the vertical are briefly described. Vertical diffusion of momentum is parameterized using a range of turbulence closure models, and ...
Jiuxing Xing; Alan M. Davies
Influence of the Edge Plasma Profile and Parameters on the Coupling of an ICRH Antenna. Application to ITER
The coupling to the fast wave of an ICRH antenna is principally determined by its distance to an optimum plasma density correlated to the cutoff one and by the density gradient between this optimum density and the bulk plasma. This explains the differences in coupling for the various heating and current drive phasings as predicted for different plasma edge profiles considered for ITER. For a given electron density edge profile the ion mix, the steady magnetic field and the frequency have also a significant effect on the coupling performances. These quantities affect the coupling mainly by influencing the position of the optimum density in the profile. A marked perturbation of the coupling leading to a large edge power deposition can occur when the Alfven resonance lies in the edge profile. The results are applied to different ICRF scenarios considered for ITER at full and half toroidal field.
Messiaen, A.; Koch, R.; Weynants, R. [LPP-ERM/KMS, EURATOM-Belgian State Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, Brussels (Belgium)
Physics and application of impurity plume dispersal as an edge plasma flow diagnostic on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
A unique system has been developed for studying impurity transport in the edge plasma of Alcator C-Mod. Impurity gas (which for these experiments is deuterated ethylene, C?D?) is injected locally into the scrape-off layer ...
Gangadhara, Sanjay, 1972-
The Network Completion Problem: Inferring Missing Nodes and Edges in Networks
Network structures, such as social networks, web graphs and networks from systems biology, play important roles in many areas of science and our everyday lives. In order to study the networks one needs to first collect reliable large scale network data. While the social and information networks have become ubiquitous, the challenge of collecting complete network data still persists. Many times the collected network data is incomplete with nodes and edges missing. Commonly, only a part of the network can be observed and we would like to infer the unobserved part of the network. We address this issue by studying the Network Completion Problem: Given a network with missing nodes and edges, can we complete the missing part? We cast the problem in the Expectation Maximization (EM) framework where we use the observed part of the network to fit a model of network structure, and then we estimate the missing part of the network using the model, re-estimate the parameters and so on. We combine the EM with the Kronecker graphs model and design a scalable Metropolized Gibbs sampling approach that allows for the estimation of the model parameters as well as the inference about missing nodes and edges of the network. Experiments on synthetic and several real-world networks show that our approach can effectively recover the network even when about half of the nodes in the network are missing. Our algorithm outperforms not only classical link-prediction approaches but also the state of the art Stochastic block modeling approach. Furthermore, our algorithm easily scales to networks with tens of thousands of nodes.
Kim, M; Leskovec, J
X-ray, K-edge measurement of uranium concentration in reactor fuel plates
Under the Characterization, Monitoring, and Sensor Technology Crosscutting Program, the authors have designed and built a K-edge heavy-metal detector that measures the level of heavy-metal content inside closed containers in a nondestructive, non-invasive way. They have applied this technique to measurement of the amount of uranium in stacks of reactor fuel plates containing nuclear materials of different enrichments and alloys. They have obtained good agreement with expected uranium concentrations ranging from 60 mg/cm{sup 2} to 3,000 mg/cm{sup 2}, and have demonstrated that the instrument can operate in a high radiation field (> 200 mR/hr).
Jensen, T.; Aljundi, T.; Whitmore, C.; Zhong, H.; Gray, J.N.
DIII-D Edge Plasma, Disruptions, and Radiative Processes. Final Report
The scientific goal of the UCSD-DIII-D Collaboration during this period was to understand the coupling of the core plasma to the plasma-facing components through the plasma boundary (edge and scrape-off layer). To achieve this goal, UCSD scientists studied the transport of particles, momentum, energy, and radiation from the plasma core to the plasma-facing components under normal (e.g., L-mode, H-mode, and ELMs), and off-normal (e.g., disruptions) operating conditions.
Boedo, J. A.; Luckhardt, S.C.; Moyer, R. A.
Development of a Leave-in-Place Slab Edge Insulating Form System
Concrete slabs represent the primary foundation type in residential buildings in the fast-growing markets throughout the southern and southwestern United States. Nearly 75% of the 2005 U.S. population growth occurred in these southern tier states. Virtually all of these homes have uninsulated slab perimeters that transfer a small, but steady, flow of heat from conditioned space to outdoors during the heating season. It is estimated that new home foundations constructed each year add 0.016 quads annually to U.S. national energy consumption; we project that roughly one quarter of this amount can be attributed to heat loss through the slab edge and the remaining three quarters to deep ground transfers, depending upon climate. With rising concern over national energy use and the impact of greenhouse gas emissions, it is becoming increasingly imperative that all cost-effective efforts to improve building energy efficiency be implemented. Unlike other building envelope components that have experienced efficiency improvements over the years, slab edge heat loss has largely been overlooked. From our vantage point, a marketable slab edge insulation system would offer significant benefits to homeowners, builders, and the society as a whole. Conventional slab forming involves the process of digging foundation trenches and setting forms prior to the concrete pour. Conventional wood form boards (usually 2 x 10's) are supported by vertical stakes on the outer form board surface, and by supporting 'kickers' driven diagonally from the top of the form board into soil outside the trench. Typically, 2 x 10's can be used only twice before they become waste material, contributing to an additional 400 pounds of construction waste per house. Removal of the form boards and stakes also requires a follow-up trip to the jobsite by the concrete subcontractor and handling (storage/disposal) of the used boards. In the rare cases where the slab is insulated (typically custom homes with radiant floor heating), the most practical insulation strategy is to secure rigid foam insulation, such as Dow Styrofoam{trademark}, to the inside of the wooden slab edge forms. An alternative is to clad insulation to the perimeter of the slab after the slab has been poured and cured. In either case, the foam must have a 'termite strip' that prevents termites from creating hidden tunnels through or behind the foam on their way to the wall framing above. Frequently this termite strip is a piece of sheet metal that must be fabricated for each project. The above-grade portion of the insulation also needs to be coated for appearance and to prevent damage from construction and UV degradation. All these steps add time, complexity, and expense to the insulating process.
Marc Hoeschele; Eric Lee
Upflows observed at the edges of active regions have been proposed as the source of the slow solar wind. In the particular case of Active Region (AR) 10942, where such an upflow has been already observed, we want to evaluate the part of this upflow that actually remains confined in the magnetic loops that connect AR 10942 to AR 10943. Both active regions were visible simultaneously on the solar disk and were observed by STEREO/SECCHI EUVI. Using Hinode/EIS spectra, we determine the Doppler shifts and densities in AR 10943 and AR 10942 in order to evaluate the mass flows. We also perform magnetic field extrapolations to assess the connectivity between AR 10942 and AR 10943. AR 10943 displays a persistent downflow in Fe XII. Magnetic extrapolations including both ARs show that this downflow can be connected to the upflow in AR 10942. We estimate that the mass flow received by AR 10943 areas connected to AR 10942 represents about 18% of the mass flow from AR 10942. We conclude that the upflows observed on the edge of active regions represent either large-scale loops with mass flowing along them (accounting for about one-fifth of the total mass flow in this example) or open magnetic field structures where the slow solar wind originates.
Boutry, C.; Buchlin, E.; Vial, J.-C. [Universite Paris Sud, Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, UMR8617, 91405 Orsay (France); Regnier, S., E-mail: email@example.com [Jeremiah Horrocks Institute, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE (United Kingdom)
General-Purpose Heat Source Safety Verification Test program: Edge-on flyer plate tests
The radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG) that will supply power for the Galileo and Ulysses space missions contains 18 General-Purpose Heat Source (GPHS) modules. The GPHS modules provide power by transmitting the heat of STYPu -decay to an array of thermoelectric elements. Each module contains four STYPuO2-fueled clads and generates 250 W(t). Because the possibility of a launch vehicle explosion always exists, and because such an explosion could generate a field of high-energy fragments, the fueled clads within each GPHS module must survive fragment impact. The edge-on flyer plate tests were included in the Safety Verification Test series to provide information on the module/clad response to the impact of high-energy plate fragments. The test results indicate that the edge-on impact of a 3.2-mm-thick, aluminum-alloy (2219-T87) plate traveling at 915 m/s causes the complete release of fuel from capsules contained within a bare GPHS module, and that the threshold velocity sufficient to cause the breach of a bare, simulant-fueled clad impacted by a 3.5-mm-thick, aluminum-alloy (5052-T0) plate is approximately 140 m/s.
George, T.G.
Autoignited laminar lifted flames of propane in coflow jets with tribrachial edge and mild combustion
Characteristics of laminar lifted flames have been investigated experimentally by varying the initial temperature of coflow air over 800 K in the non-premixed jets of propane diluted with nitrogen. The result showed that the lifted flame with the initial temperature below 860 K maintained the typical tribrachial structure at the leading edge, which was stabilized by the balance mechanism between the propagation speed of tribrachial flame and the local flow velocity. For the temperature above 860 K, the flame was autoignited without having any external ignition source. The autoignited lifted flames were categorized in two regimes. In the case with tribrachial edge structure, the liftoff height increased nonlinearly with jet velocity. Especially, for the critical condition near blowout, the lifted flame showed a repetitive behavior of extinction and reignition. In such a case, the autoignition was controlled by the non-adiabatic ignition delay time considering heat loss such that the autoignition height was correlated with the square of the adiabatic ignition delay time. In the case with mild combustion regime at excessively diluted conditions, the liftoff height increased linearly with jet velocity and was correlated well with the square of the adiabatic ignition delay time. (author)
Choi, B.C.; Kim, K.N.; Chung, S.H. [School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744 (Korea)
Over the energy edge: Results from a seven year new commercial buildings research and demonstration project
Edge was a research oriented demonstration project that began in 1985. Twenty-eight commercial buildings were designed and constructed to use 30% less electricity than a hypothetical simulated baseline building. Average savings from the 18 buildings evaluated with post-occupancy, ``tuned`` simulation models were less, at 17%. The cost-effectiveness of the energy-efficiency measures at six of the 18 projects met the target cost-of-conserved (CCE) energy of 5.6cent/kWh for the total package of measures. The most important reason energy savings were not as great as predicted is that the actual, installed energy-efficiency measures and building characteristics changed from the design assumptions. The cost effectiveness of the measures would have been greater if the baseline was common practice rather than assumptions based on the regional building code. For example, the Energy Edge small offices use about 30% to 50% less energy than comparable new buildings. Savings also would have been greater if commissioning had been included within the program. Future projects should consider lower-cost ``hands-on`` evaluation techniques that provide direct feedback on measure performance based on functional and diagnostic testing, with annual check-ups to ensure persistence of savings.
Piette, M.A.; Nordman, B.; deBuen, O.; Diamond, R. [Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States); Codey, B. [Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, OR (United States)
Fabrication of gas impervious edge seal for a bipolar gas distribution assembly for use in a fuel cell
A bipolar gas reactant distribution assembly for use in a fuel cell is disclosed, the assembly having a solid edge seal to prevent leakage of gaseous reactants wherein a pair of porous plates are provided with peripheral slits generally parallel to, and spaced apart from two edges of the plate, the slit being filled with a solid, fusible, gas impervious edge sealing compound. The plates are assembled with opposite faces adjacent one another with a layer of a fusible sealant material therebetween the slits in the individual plates being approximately perpendicular to one another. The plates are bonded to each other by the simultaneous application of heat and pressure to cause a redistribution of the sealant into the pores of the adjacent plate surfaces and to cause the edge sealing compound to flow and impregnate the region of the plates adjacent the slits and comingle with the sealant layer material to form a continuous layer of sealant along the edges of the assembled plates.
Kaufman, Arthur (West Orange, NJ); Werth, John (Princeton, NJ)
Edge states and topological properties of electrons on the bismuth on silicon surface with giant spin-orbit coupling
We derive a model of localized edge states in the finite width strip for two-dimensional electron gas formed in the hybrid system of bismuth monolayer deposited on the silicon interface and described by the nearly-free electron model with giant spin-orbit splitting. The edge states have the energy dispersion in the bulk energy gap with the Dirac-like linear dependence on the quasimomentum and the spin polarization coupled to the direction of propagation, demonstrating the properties of topological insulator. The electrical conductivity of the edge states is calculated in the presence of finite collision rate and temperature for the varying Fermi level position and is found comparable with the conductance quanta. The topological stability of edge states is confirmed by the calculations of the $Z_2$ invariant taken from the structure of the Pfaffian for the time reversal operator for the filled bulk bands in the surface Brillouin zone which is shown to have a stable number of zeros with the variations of material parameters. The proposed properties of the edge states may support future advances in experimental and technological applications of this new material in nanoelectronics and spintronics.
D. V. Khomitsky; A. A. Chubanov
Microsoft Word - UTSR Poster 8x11.doc
Aero Losses, Heat Transfer, Discharge Coefficients for Different Vane Trailing Edge Cooling Technologies for Syngas-Fired Gas Turbines Dr. Forrest Ames, Principal Investigator...
Microsoft Word - 2006FactSR119.doc
FACT SHEETS FOR UTSR PROJECTS Aero Losses, Heat Transfer, Discharge Coefficients for Different Vane Trailing Edge Cooling Technologies for Syngas-Fired Gas Turbines I. PROJECT...
Automated Chemical Analysis of Internally Mixed Aerosol Particles Using X-ray Spectromicroscopy at the Carbon K-Edge
We have developed an automated data analysis method for atmospheric particles using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy coupled with near edge X-ray fine structure spectroscopy (STXM/NEXAFS). This method is applied to complex internally mixed submicrometer particles containing organic and inorganic material. Several algorithms were developed to exploit NEXAFS spectral features in the energy range from 278 to 320 eV for quantitative mapping of the spatial distribution of elemental carbon, organic carbon, potassium, and noncarbonaceous elements in particles of mixed composition. This energy range encompasses the carbon K-edge and potassium L2 and L3 edges. STXM/NEXAFS maps of different chemical components were complemented with a subsequent analysis using elemental maps obtained by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM/EDX). We demonstrate the application of the automated mapping algorithms for data analysis and the statistical classification of particles.
Gilles, Mary K; Moffet, R.C.; Henn, T.; Laskin, A.
Cells Forming Blood Vessels Send Their Copper to the Edge | Advanced Photon
A Molecular Cause for One Form of Deafness A Molecular Cause for One Form of Deafness Water Theory is Watertight Nanowire Micronetworks from Carbon-Black Nanoparticles A Key Step in Repairing DNA Double-Strand Breaks An X-ray Rainbow Science Highlights Archives: 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 2001 | 2000 | 1998 | Subscribe to APS Science Highlights rss feed Cells Forming Blood Vessels Send Their Copper to the Edge FEBRUARY 20, 2007 Bookmark and Share Areas at the tips of HMVEC filopodia extensions were scanned by XFM at high resolution. The optical image is shown to the right and metal maps are shown to the left. False color images of P, Cu, and Zn are shown in the red, green and blue images respectively, and their overlay is shown to the lower right, demonstrating a transfer of cellular copper across the cell
NETL: News Release - Energy Department Adds More Cutting-Edge Projects to
October 3, 2001 October 3, 2001 Energy Department Adds More Cutting-Edge Projects to Improve Tomorrow's Gas Pipelines MORGANTOWN, WV - Every day in the United States an average of 55 billion cubic feet of natural gas moves through more than1.2 million miles of underground pipe and thousands of compressor stations to virtually every home and nearly 5 million businesses across the country. For the most part, this flow of natural gas is uneventful - in fact, America's pipeline system is unequaled in its efficiency and safety. But the current gas infrastructure is aging and leaks or breakages can occur. Moreover, as the Nation's consumption of natural gas increases, at least 300,000 miles of new distribution and transmission pipelines will have to be built by 2015.
Numerical simulation of MHD for electromagnetic edge dam in continuous casting.
A computer model was developed to predict eddy currents and fluid flows in molten steel. The model was verified by comparing predictions with experimental results of liquid-metal containment and fluid flow in electromagnetic (EM) edge dams (EMDs) designed at Inland Steel for twin-roll casting. The model can optimize the EMD design so it is suitable for application, and minimize expensive, time-consuming full-scale testing. Numerical simulation was performed by coupling a three-dimensional (3-D) finite-element EM code (ELEKTRA) and a 3-D finite-difference fluids code (CaPS-EM) to solve heat transfer, fluid flow, and turbulence transport in a casting process that involves EM fields. ELEKTRA is able to predict the eddy-current distribution and the electromagnetic forces in complex geometries. CaPS-EM is capable of modeling fluid flows with free surfaces. Results of the numerical simulation compared measurements obtained from a static test.
Chang, F. C.
Electromagnetic Casimir forces of parabolic cylinder and knife-edge geometries
An exact calculation of electromagnetic scattering from a perfectly conducting parabolic cylinder is employed to compute Casimir forces in several configurations. These include interactions between a parabolic cylinder and a plane, two parabolic cylinders, and a parabolic cylinder and an ordinary cylinder. To elucidate the effect of boundaries, special attention is focused on the 'knife-edge' limit in which the parabolic cylinder becomes a half-plane. Geometrical effects are illustrated by considering arbitrary rotations of a parabolic cylinder around its focal axis, and arbitrary translations perpendicular to this axis. A quite different geometrical arrangement is explored for the case of an ordinary cylinder placed in the interior of a parabolic cylinder. All of these results extend simply to nonzero temperatures.
Graham, Noah [Department of Physics, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont 05753 (United States); Shpunt, Alexander; Kardar, Mehran [Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 (United States); Emig, Thorsten [Laboratoire de Physique Theorique et Modeles Statistiques, CNRS UMR 8626, Bat. 100, Universite Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay cedex (France); Rahi, Sahand Jamal [Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 (United States); Center for Studies in Physics and Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Street, New York, New York 10065 (United States); Jaffe, Robert L. [Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 (United States); Center for Theoretical Physics and Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 (United States)
Incorporating Radiation Effects into Edge Plasma Transport Models with Extended Atomic Data Tables
Plasmas at the tokamak edge can be very optically thick to hydrogen resonance lines. The resulting strong line radiation can significantly affect the ionization and energy balance in these plasmas. One method of account for effects is to self-consistently couple a partially ionized plasma transport model with a nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) model incorporating line radiation transfer. This approach has been implemented in one dimension, but would be computationally challenging and expensive to implement in multiple dimensions. Approximate treatments of radiation transfer can decrease the computational time, but would still require coupling to a multidimensional plasma transport model to address realistic geometries, e.g. the tokamak divertor. Here, we consider the development of atomic hydrogen data tables that include radiation interactions and can be easily applied to multidimensional geometries.
Scott, H A; Adams, M L
Electromagnetic Casimir Forces of Parabolic Cylinder and Knife-Edge Geometries
An exact calculation of electromagnetic scattering from a perfectly conducting parabolic cylinder is employed to compute Casimir forces in several configurations. These include interactions between a parabolic cylinder and a plane, two parabolic cylinders, and a parabolic cylinder and an ordinary cylinder. To elucidate the effect of boundaries, special attention is focused on the "knife-edge" limit in which the parabolic cylinder becomes a half-plane. Geometrical effects are illustrated by considering arbitrary rotations of a parabolic cylinder around its focal axis, and arbitrary translations perpendicular to this axis. A quite different geometrical arrangement is explored for the case of an ordinary cylinder placed in the interior of a parabolic cylinder. All of these results extend simply to nonzero temperatures.
Dual transmission grating based imaging radiometer for tokamak edge and divertor plasmas
The designs of single transmission grating based extreme ultraviolet (XUV) and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) imaging spectrometers can be adapted to build an imaging radiometer for simultaneous measurement of both spectral ranges. This paper describes the design of such an imaging radiometer with dual transmission gratings. The radiometer will have an XUV coverage of 20-200 A with a {approx}10 A resolution and a VUV coverage of 200-2000 A with a {approx}50 A resolution. The radiometer is designed to have a spatial view of 16 Degree-Sign , with a 0.33 Degree-Sign resolution and a time resolution of {approx}10 ms. The applications for such a radiometer include spatially resolved impurity monitoring and electron temperature measurements in the tokamak edge and the divertor. As a proof of principle, the single grating instruments were used to diagnose a low temperature reflex discharge and the relevant data is also included in this paper.
Kumar, Deepak; Clayton, Daniel J.; Parman, Matthew; Stutman, Dan; Tritz, Kevin; Finkenthal, Michael [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218 (United States)
Detecting an infrared Photon within an Hour -- Transition-Edge Detector at ALPS-II
An essential design requirement of the ALPS-II experiment is the efficient detection of single photons with a very low instrumental background of 10 {\\mu}Hz. In 2011 the ALPS collaboration started to set up a TES detector (Transition-Edge Sensor) for ALPS-II, the second phase of the experiment. Since mid of 2013 the setup is ready for characterization in the ALPS laboratory: an ADR cryostat (Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigerator) as millikelvin environment, a low noise SQUID (Superconducting Quantum Interference Device) with electronics for read-out and a fiber-coupled high-efficient TES for near-infrared photons as sensor. First measurements have shown a good discrimination between noise and 1064 nm signals.
Jan Dreyling-Eschweiler; Dieter Horns; Friederike Januschek; Axel Lindner; for the ALPS-II collaboration
Dreyling-Eschweiler, Jan
Compact high-flux two-stage solar collectors based on tailored edge-ray concentrators
The recently-invented tailored edge-ray concentrator (TERC) approach permits the design of compact two-stage high-flux solar collectors, with a focusing primary reflector and a non-imaging TERC secondary reflector. We present a new primary reflector shape based on the TERC approach and a secondary TERC tailored to its particular flux map, such that more compact concentrators emerge at flux concentration levels in excess of 90% of the thermodynamic limit. Calculations and raytrace simulation results are also offered which demonstrate that V-cone approximations to a wide variety of TERCs attain the concentration of the TERC to within a few percent. These V-cones represent practical secondary concentrators that may be superior to corresponding compound parabolic concentrator or trumpet secondaries. 13 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs.
Friedman, R.P. [Ben-Gurion Univ. of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus (Israel); Gordon, J.M. [Ben-Gurion Univ. of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus (Israel)]|[Ben-Gurion Univ. of the Negev, Beersheva (Israel); Ries, H. [Paul Scherrer Inst., Villigen (Switzerland)
Aerothermal Effects of Interfacial Leakage and Film Cooling Schemes with Endwall and Leading Edge Contouring
Aerothermal Effects of Interfacial Aerothermal Effects of Interfacial Leakage and Film Cooling Schemes with Endwall and Leading Edge Contouring T.W. Simon and R. J. Goldstein Principal Investigators SCIES Project U/02-01-SR096/DOE PR DOE COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT DE-FC26-02NT41431 Tom J. George, Program Manger, DOE/NETL Richard Wenglarz, Manager of Research, SCIES Project Awarded (5/1/2002, 36 months) $459,007 Total Contract Value ($430,619 DOE) Gas Turbine Technology Needs and Project Objectives * Improved performance and reliability - More effective cooling of turbine first stage passage * Improve schemes for injection of endwall coolant * Realize cooling benefits of leakage flows * Understand effects of component misalignment - Reduced secondary flows * Improve with endwall axial contouring and airfoil/endwall fillets
Solar Decathlon 2009 Highlights of Team Innovations and Cutting-Edge Building Technologies
8 8 Solar Decathlon 2009 Highlights of Team Innovations and Cutting-Edge Building Technologies Cornell University * The house is built around a centralized core with all engineering systems in the mechanical / electrical closet at the center of the house. * The electrical energy is produced using 40 solar panels yielding 8kW nominally. * Thermal energy is collected by a system of 30 Silicon Solar SunMaxx U-30 evacuated tube collectors mounted on the south sides of two cylinders; this is the house's primary means of generating heat. * Exterior of house is CorTen corrugated steel. Copper pipes running behind the corrugations are heated by conduction, which then heats water as it passes in proximity to fill the hot water tank. This system
Stability of Iterative Decoding of Multi-Edge Type Doubly-Generalized LDPC Codes Over the BEC
Using the EXIT chart approach, a necessary and sufficient condition is developed for the local stability of iterative decoding of multi-edge type (MET) doubly-generalized low-density parity-check (D-GLDPC) code ensembles. In such code ensembles, the use of arbitrary linear block codes as component codes is combined with the further design of local Tanner graph connectivity through the use of multiple edge types. The stability condition for these code ensembles is shown to be succinctly described in terms of the value of the spectral radius of an appropriately defined polynomial matrix.
Paolini, Enrico; Chiani, Marco; Fossorier, Marc P C
Polarization Dependence of L- and M-Edge Resonant Inelastic X-Ray Scattering in Transition-Metal Compounds
The resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) cross section at the L and M edges of transition-metal compounds is studied using an effective scattering operator. The intensities of the elastic peak and for spin-flip processes are derived. It is shown how the polarization dependence can be used to select transitions. Comparisons are made with experiment. A detailed analysis of the polarization and angular dependence of L- and M-edge RIXS for divalent copper compounds, such as the high-T{sub c} superconductors, is given.
van Veenendaal, Michel (ANL/NIU)
The Interannual Relationship between the Latitude of the Eddy-Driven Jet and the Edge of the Hadley Cell
A strong correlation between the latitudes of the eddy-driven jet and of the Hadley cell edge, on interannual time scales, is found to exist during austral summer, in both the NCEP�NCAR reanalysis and the models participating in the Coupled Model ...
Sarah M. Kang; Lorenzo M. Polvani
A Deformable Object Tracking Algorithm Based on the Boundary Element Method that is Robust to Occlusions and Spurious Edges
The manipulation of deformable objects is an important problem in robotics and arises in many applications including biomanipulation, microassembly, and robotic surgery. For some applications, the robotic manipulator itself may be deformable. Vision-based ... Keywords: Artificial neural networks, Boundary element method, Deformable object tracking, Edge detection, Robust statistics, Robust tracking
Michael A. Greminger; Bradley J. Nelson
Efficient Traversal of Mesh Edges using Adjacency Primitives Pedro V. Sander Diego Nehab Eden Chlamtac Hugues Hoppe
traversal of mesh edges that builds on the adja- cency primitives and programmable geometry shaders. Keywords: real-time rendering, silhouettes, shadow volumes, ver- tex locality, programmable geometry shader triangles, thereby achieving significant reduction in both memory bandwidth and vertex shader computation
Cohen, Michael
Development of Palladium L-Edge X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy And Its Application for Chloropalladium Complexes
X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is a synchrotron-based experimental technique that provides information about geometric and electronic structures of transition metal complexes. Combination of metal L-edge and ligand K-edge XAS has the potential to define the complete experimental ground state electronic structures for metal complexes with unoccupied d manifolds. We developed a quantitative treatment for Pd L-edge spectroscopy on the basis of the well-established chlorine K-edge XAS for a series of chloropalladium complexes that are pre-catalysts in various organic transformations. We found that Pd-Cl bonds are highly covalent, such as 24 {+-} 2%, 34 {+-} 3%, and 48 {+-} 4% chloride 3p character for each Pd-Cl bond in [PdCl{sub 4}]{sup 2-}, [PdCl{sub 6}]{sup 2-}, and PdCl{sub 2}, respectively. Pd(2p {yields} 4d) transition dipole integrals of 20.8 (SSRL)/16.9 (ALS) eV and 14.1 (SSRL)/11.9 (ALS) eV were determined using various combinations of L-edges for Pd(II) and Pd(IV), respectively. Application of metal-ligand covalency and transition dipole integrals were demonstrated for the example of bridging chloride ligands in PdCl{sub 2}. Our work lays the foundation for extending the quantitative treatment to other catalytically important ligands, such as phosphine, phosphite, olefin, amine, and alkyl in order to correlate the electronic structures of palladium complexes with their catalytic activity.
Boysen, R.B.; Szilagyi, R.K.
Different activities of the reovirus FAST proteins and influenza hemagglutinin in cell-cell fusion assays and in response to membrane curvature agents
The reovirus fusion-associated small transmembrane (FAST) proteins evolved to induce cell-cell, rather than virus-cell, membrane fusion. It is unclear whether the FAST protein fusion reaction proceeds in the same manner as the enveloped virus fusion proteins. We now show that fluorescence-based cell-cell and cell-RBC hemifusion assays are unsuited for detecting lipid mixing in the absence of content mixing during FAST protein-mediated membrane fusion. Furthermore, membrane curvature agents that inhibit hemifusion or promote pore formation mediated by influenza hemagglutinin had no effect on p14-induced cell-cell fusion, even under conditions of limiting p14 concentrations. Standard assays used to detect fusion intermediates induced by enveloped virus fusion proteins are therefore not applicable to the FAST proteins. These results suggest the possibility that the nature of the fusion intermediates or the mechanisms used to transit through the various stages of the fusion reaction may differ between these distinct classes of viral fusogens.
Clancy, Eileen K.; Barry, Chris; Ciechonska, Marta [Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 1X5 (Canada); Duncan, Roy, E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 1X5 (Canada); Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 1X5 (Canada)
Potential and flux decomposition for dynamical systems and non-equilibrium thermodynamics: Curvature, gauge field, and generalized fluctuation-dissipation theorem
The driving force of the dynamical system can be decomposed into the gradient of a potential landscape and curl flux (current). The fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT) is often applied to near equilibrium systems with detailed balance. The response due to a small perturbation can be expressed by a spontaneous fluctuation. For non-equilibrium systems, we derived a generalized FDT that the response function is composed of two parts: (1) a spontaneous correlation representing the relaxation which is present in the near equilibrium systems with detailed balance and (2) a correlation related to the persistence of the curl flux in steady state, which is also in part linked to a internal curvature of a gauge field. The generalized FDT is also related to the fluctuation theorem. In the equal time limit, the generalized FDT naturally leads to non-equilibrium thermodynamics where the entropy production rate can be decomposed into spontaneous relaxation driven by gradient force and house keeping contribution driven by the non-zero flux that sustains the non-equilibrium environment and breaks the detailed balance. On any particular path, the medium heat dissipation due to the non-zero curl flux is analogous to the Wilson lines of an Abelian gauge theory.
Feng Haidong [Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794 (United States); Wang Jin [Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794 (United States); Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794 (United States) and Department of Applied Mathematics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794 (United States)
An In Situ Al K-Edge XAS Investigation of the Local Environment of H+-and Cu+-Exchanged USY and ZSM-5 Zeolites
An In Situ Al K-Edge XAS Investigation of the Local Environment of H+- and Cu+-Exchanged USY charge-compensating cations (NH4 + , H+ , or Cu+ ) was investigated by Al K-edge EXAFS and XANES-ray absorption data. Both tetrahedrally and octahedrally coordinated Al were observed for hydrated H-USY and H
Bell, Alexis T.
The use of EMCS in building monitoring: Experience from energy edge and LoanSTAR Programs
Monitoring building energy performance can provide important immediate feedback to building personnel in building commissioning, operation and maintenance. It also provides an essential ``reality-check`` and feedback (immediate and longer-term) in many utility efforts such as demand-side management impact evaluation, forecasting, and conservation measure technology assessment. However, monitoring can be quite expensive, often resulting in either the need to reduce experimental sample sizes (with resulting reduced accuracy) or to forgo monitoring altogether. Analysis of data from in-place Energy Management and Control Systems (EMCSs) may be an effective alternative to dedicated monitoring in many cases. EMCS-based monitoring can have several advantages: reduced cost due to the fact that the equipment has already been purchased and installed, an increased amount of available data, information on building operation, and an on-site data processing capability. The use of EMCSs for monitoring has been investigated at several sites within two different conservation programs: the Energy Edge Evaluation Project (new construction), and the Texas LoanSTAR Monitoring and Analysis Program (retrofit). The text that follows provides an overview of the potential role that EMCS-based monitoring may play in conservation efforts, and a summary of the findings of these investigations. The presentation at the National Conference on Building Commissioning will provide greater detail on the experiences with EMCS monitoring in the two conservation programs.
Heinemeier, K.E.
Using X-ray, K-edge densitometry in spent fuel characterization
There are instances where records for spent nuclear fuel are incomplete, as well as cases where fuel assemblies have deteriorated during storage. To bring these materials into compliance for long term storage will require determination of parameters such as enrichment, total fissionable material, and burnup. To obtain accurate estimates of these parameters will require the combination of information from different inspection techniques. A method which can provide an accurate measure of the total uranium in the spent fuel is X-ray K-edge densitometry. To assess the potential for applying this method in spent fuel characterization, the authors have measured the amount of uranium in stacks of reactor fuel plates containing nuclear materials of different enrichments and alloys. They have obtained good agreement with expected uranium concentrations ranging from 60 mg/cm{sup 2} to 3,000 mg/cm{sup 2}, and have demonstrated that these measurements can be made in a high radiation field (> 200 mR/hr).
Jensen, T.; Aljundi, T.; Gray, J.N.
Predicted versus monitored performance of energy-efficiency measures in new commercial buildings from energy edge
Energy Edge is a research-oriented demonstration program involving 28 new commercial buildings in the Pacific Northwest. This paper discusses the energy savings and cost-effectiveness of energy-efficiency measures for the first 12 buildings evaluated using simulation models calibrated with measured end-use data. Average energy savings per building from the simulated code baseline building was 19%, less than the 30% target. The most important factor for the lower savings is that many of the installed measures differ from the measures specified in the design predictions. Only one of the first 12 buildings met the project objective of reducing energy use by more than 30% at a cost below the target of 56 mills/kWh (in 1991 dollars). Based on results from the first 12 calibrated simulation models, 29 of the 66 energy-efficiency measures, or 44%, met the levelized cost criterion. Despite the lower energy savings from individual measures, the energy-use intensities of the buildings are lower than other regional comparison data for new buildings. The authors review factors that contribute to the uncertainty regarding measured savings and suggest methods to improve future evaluations.
Piette, M.A.; Nordman, B.; deBuen, O.; Diamond, R.
A number of metal-rich white dwarfs (WDs) are known to host compact, dense particle disks, which are thought to be responsible for metal pollution of these stars. In many such systems, the inner radii of disks inferred from their spectra are so close to the WD that particles directly exposed to starlight must be heated above 1500 K and are expected to be unstable against sublimation. To reconcile this expectation with observations, we explore particle sublimation in H-poor debris disks around WDs. We show that because of the high metal vapor pressure the characteristic sublimation temperature in these disks is 300-400 K higher than in their protoplanetary analogs, allowing particles to survive at higher temperatures. We then look at the structure of the inner edges of debris disks and show that they should generically feature superheated inner rims directly exposed to starlight with temperatures reaching 2500-3500 K. Particles migrating through the rim toward the WD (and rapidly sublimating) shield the disk behind them from strong stellar heating, making the survival of solids possible close to the WD. Our model agrees well with observations of WD+disk systems provided that disk particles are composed of Si-rich material such as olivine, and have sizes in the range {approx}0.03-30 cm.
Rafikov, Roman R.; Garmilla, Jose A., E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Ivy Lane, Princeton, NJ 08540 (United States)
Exterior Rigid Foam Insulation at the Edge of a Slab Foundation, Fresno, California (Fact Sheet)
Exterior rigid foam insulation at the edge of the slab foundation was a unique feature for this low-load, unoccupied test house in a hot-dry climate and may be more appropriate for climates with higher heating loads. U.S. Department of Energy Building America research team IBACOS worked with National Housing Quality Award winner Wathen-Castanos Hybrid Homes, Inc., to assess the performance of this feature in a single-family detached ranch house with three bedrooms and two full bathrooms constructed on a slab-on-grade foundation in Fresno, California. One challenge during installation of the system was the attachment of the butyl flashing to the open framing. To solve this constructability issue, the team added a nailer to the base of the wall to properly attach and lap the flashing. In this strategy, R-7.5, 1.5-in.-thick extruded polystyrene was installed on the exterior of the slab for a modeled savings of 4,500 Btu/h on the heating load.
Not Available
Extraplanar Dust in the Edge-On Spiral NGC 891 1
We present high-resolution (0.6 ? ?-0.65 ? ? ) optical broad-band images of the edge-on Sb galaxy NGC 891 obtained with the WIYN 3.5-m telescope. These BVR images reveal a complex network of hundreds of dust absorbing structures far from the mid-plane of the galaxy. The dust structures have a wide range of morphologies and are clearly visible to |z | ? 1021 cm ?2, with masses estimated to be more than 2 � 10 5 ? 5 � 10 6 M?, assuming Galactic gas-to-dust relationships. The gravitational potential energies of the individual dust structures, given their observed heights and derived masses, lie in the range of 20 ? 200 � 10 51 ergs, which represents the energy input of at least tens to hundreds of supernovae. Rough number counts of extraplanar dust features find ?>120 structures at |z |> 400 pc with apparent B-band extinction ?> 0.25 mag. If these have similar properties to those structures studied in detail, the mass of high-z gas associated with extraplanar dust in NGC 891 likely exceeds 2 � 10 8 M?, which is ?2 % of the total neutral ISM mass of the galaxy. The absorbing properties of extraplanar dust structures in NGC 891 are best fit with RV ? AV /E(B ? V) = 3.6 � 0.4. A comparison of the new WIYN images with an archival Hubble Space Telescope image of the central region of NGC 891 suggests that the quantities we measure for the extraplanar dust features are not seriously affected by atmospheric blurring in the WIYN images. Some of the dust features seen in NGC 891 suggest supernova-driven galactic fountain or chimney phenomena are responsible for their production and are clearly associated with ionized gas structures thought to be tracing the violent disk-halo interface of this galaxy. However, other structures are not so readily associated with
J. Christopher Howk; Blair D. Savage
Clues to Nuclear Star Cluster Formation from Edge-on Spirals
We find 9 nuclear cluster candidates in a sample of 14 edge-on, late-type galaxies observed with HST/ACS. These clusters have magnitudes (M_I ~ -11) and sizes (r_eff ~ 3pc) similar to those found in previous studies of face-on, late-type spirals and dE galaxies. However, three of the nuclear clusters are significantly flattened and show evidence for multiple, coincident structural components. The elongations of these three clusters are aligned to within 10 degrees of the galaxies' major axes. Structurally, the flattened clusters are well fit by a combination of a spheroid and a disk or ring. The nuclear cluster disks/rings have F606W-F814W (~V-I) colors 0.3-0.6 magnitudes bluer than the spheroid components, suggesting that the stars in these components have ages nuclear clusters, we further constrain the stellar populations and provide a lower limit on the dynamical mass via spectroscopy. We also present tentative evidence that another of the nuclear clusters (in NGC 4206) may also host a supermassive black hole. Based on our observational results we propose an in situ formation mechanism for nuclear clusters in which stars form episodically in compact nuclear disks, and then lose angular momentum or heat vertically to form an older spheroidal structure. We estimate the period between star formation episodes to be 0.5 Gyr and discuss possible mechanisms for tranforming the disk-like components into spheroids. We also note the connection between our objects and massive globular clusters (e.g. $\\omega$ Cen), UCDs, and SMBHs. (Abridged)
Airfoils for wind turbine - Energy Innovation Portal
Airfoils for the tip and mid-span regions of a wind turbine blade have upper surface and lower surface shapes and contours between a leading edge and a trailing edge ...
Extremal transmission through a microwave photonic crystal and the observation of edge states in a rectangular Dirac billiard
This article presents experimental results on properties of waves propagating in an unbounded and a bounded photonic crystal consisting of metallic cylinders which are arranged in a triangular lattice. First, we present transmission measurements of plane waves traversing a photonic crystal. The experiments are performed in the vicinity of a Dirac point, i.e., an isolated conical singularity of the photonic band structure. There, the transmission shows a pseudodiffusive 1/L dependence, with $L$ being the thickness of the crystal, a phenomenon also observed in graphene. Second, eigenmode intensity distributions measured in a microwave analog of a relativistic Dirac billiard, a rectangular microwave billiard that contains a photonic crystal, are discussed. Close to the Dirac point states have been detected which are localized at the straight edge of the photonic crystal corresponding to a zigzag edge in graphene.
S. Bittner; B. Dietz; M. Miski-Oglu; A. Richter
Determination of the forms of calcium present in coal chars by Ca K-edge XANES with Synchrotron Radiation
This work is concerned with the Ca transformations during the pyrolysis of Ca(OH)2 or CaCO3-added coals. Ca K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy was applied to determine the forms of Ca in chars prepared from the pyrolysis of Ca-added coal. Results showed that Ca(OH)2 and CaSO4 existed in both the Ca(OH)2-added chars and the CaCO3-added chars, while CaS and CaO only existed in the chars prepared from the Ca(OH)2-added coal. Moreover, it was found that carboxyl Ca was formed during pyrolysis for either the Ca(OH)2-added coal or the CaCO3-added coals.
Liu, Lijuan; Cui, Mingqi; Hu, Yongfeng; Zheng, Lei; Zhao, Yidong; Ma, Chenyan; Xi, Shibo; Yang, Dongliang; Guo, Zhiying; Wang, Jie
Edge Mode Combinations in the Entanglement Spectra of Non-Abelian Fractional Quantum Hall States on the Torus
We present a detailed analysis of bi-partite entanglement in the non-Abelian Moore-Read fractional quantum Hall state of bosons and fermions on the torus. In particular, we show that the entanglement spectra can be decomposed into intricate combinations of different sectors of the conformal field theory describing the edge physics, and that the edge level counting and tower structure can be microscopically understood by considering the vicinity of the thin-torus limit. We also find that the boundary entropy density of the Moore-Read state is markedly higher than in the Laughlin states investigated so far. Despite the torus geometry being somewhat more involved than in the sphere geometry, our analysis and insights may prove useful when adopting entanglement probes to other systems that are more easily studied with periodic boundary conditions, such as fractional Chern insulators and lattice problems in general.
Zhao Liu; Emil J. Bergholtz; Heng Fan; Andreas M. Laeuchli
A probabilistic model for the identification of confinement regimes and edge localized mode behavior, with implications to scaling laws
Pattern recognition is becoming an important tool in fusion data analysis. However, fusion diagnostic measurements are often affected by considerable statistical uncertainties, rendering the extraction of useful patterns a significant challenge. Therefore, we assume a probabilistic model for the data and perform pattern recognition in the space of probability distributions. We show the considerable advantage of our method for identifying confinement regimes and edge localized mode behavior, and we discuss the potential for scaling laws.
Verdoolaege, Geert; Van Oost, Guido [Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, 9000 Gent (Belgium)
J. Plasma Fusion Res. SERIES, Vol. 8 (2009) EDGE BIASING OF SINP-TOKAMAK PLASMA IN HIGH-q REGIME
In SINP-TOKAMAK [an iron-core device having major radius = 30 cm, minor radius = 7.5 cm and B(toroidal) = 2 Tesla(maximum)] both high/normal q and very low q (VLQ) regimes can be achieved. Recently in this machine fast edge biasing experiment in the later regime revealed a change in plasma current profile at edge region leading to better confinement and longer duration of plasma current. The continuation of the same experiment is done in high/normal q regime. For this purpose, as before, a tungsten electrode assembly with 6 mm diameter rod, biased by a pulsed power supply, is introduced in the edge of the plasma. Preliminary analysis of data reveals similar observations even in this highq regime, namely, the current profile modification obtained by biasing has more pronounced effects compared to those in the very low q regime experiment. The current duration increases from about 9 msec to about 13 msec, i.e. by more 40%. Under certain conditions the peak plasma current sometimes increases. The electrode current drawn in this regime is comparatively much lower than that in the VLQ case, but this is as expected since toroidal magnetic field is much higher in this regime. Lowering of H signal and loop voltage is also observed which indicates better confinement. 1.
Debjyoti Basu; R. Pal
Rotor blades for turbine engines
A tip shroud that includes a plurality of damping fins, each damping fin including a substantially non-radially-aligned surface that is configured to make contact with a tip shroud of a neighboring rotor blade. At least one damping fin may include a leading edge damping fin and at least one damping fin may include a trailing edge damping fin. The leading edge damping fin may be configured to correspond to the trailing edge damping fin.
Piersall, Matthew R; Potter, Brian D
We present new high spatial resolution ({approx}<0.''1) 1-5 {mu}m adaptive optics images, interferometric 1.3 mm continuum and {sup 12}CO 2-1 maps, and 350 {mu}m, 2.8 and 3.3 mm fluxes measurements of the HV Tau system. Our adaptive optics images unambiguously demonstrate that HV Tau AB-C is a common proper motion pair. They further reveal an unusually slow orbital motion within the tight HV Tau AB pair that suggests a highly eccentric orbit and/or a large deprojected physical separation. Scattered light images of the HV Tau C edge-on protoplanetary disk suggest that the anisotropy of the dust scattering phase function is almost independent of wavelength from 0.8 to 5 {mu}m, whereas the dust opacity decreases significantly over the same range. The images further reveal a marked lateral asymmetry in the disk that does not vary over a timescale of two years. We further detect a radial velocity gradient in the disk in our {sup 12}CO map that lies along the same position angle as the elongation of the continuum emission, which is consistent with Keplerian rotation around a 0.5-1 M{sub sun} central star, suggesting that it could be the most massive component in the triple system. To obtain a global representation of the HV Tau C disk, we search for a model that self-consistently reproduces observations of the disk from the visible regime up to millimeter wavelengths. We use a powerful radiative transfer model to compute synthetic disk observations and use a Bayesian inference method to extract constraints on the disk properties. Each individual image, as well as the spectral energy distribution, of HV Tau C can be well reproduced by our models with fully mixed dust provided grain growth has already produced larger-than-interstellar dust grains. However, no single model can satisfactorily simultaneously account for all observations. We suggest that future attempts to model this source include more complex dust properties and possibly vertical stratification. While both grain growth and stratification have already been suggested in many disks, only a panchromatic analysis, such as presented here, can provide a complete picture of the structure of a disk, a necessary step toward quantitatively testing the predictions of numerical models of disk evolution.
Duchene, G.; Maness, H. L. [Astronomy Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3411 (United States); McCabe, C. [IPAC, MS 220-6, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States); Pinte, C.; Menard, F.; Duvert, G. [Universite Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1/CNRS, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG) UMR 5571, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 09 (France); Stapelfeldt, K. R. [JPL, MS 183-900, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109-8099 (United States); Ghez, A. M. [Division of Astronomy and Astrophysics, UCLA, Box 951547, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1562 (United States); Bouy, H. [Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, C/Via Lactea s/n, 38200 - La Laguna, Tenerife (Spain); Barrado y Navascues, D.; Morales-Calderon, M. [Laboratorio de Astrofisica Estelar y Exoplanetas (LAEX-CAB, INTA-CSIC), P.O. Box 78, 28691 Villanueva de la Canada (Madrid) (Spain); Wolf, S. [Christian-Albrechts-Universitaet zu Kiel, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Leibnizstr. 15, 24098 Kiel (Germany); Padgett, D. L.; Brooke, T. Y.; Noriega-Crespo, A., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [SSC, MS 220-6, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States)
High electron mobility through the edge states in random networks of c-axis oriented wedge-shaped GaN nanowalls grown by molecular beam epitaxy
Transport and optical properties of random networks of c-axis oriented wedge-shaped GaN nanowalls grown spontaneously on c-plane sapphire substrates through molecular beam epitaxy are investigated. Our study suggests a one dimensional confinement of carriers at the top edges of these connected nanowalls, which results in a blue shift of the band edge luminescence, a reduction of the exciton-phonon coupling, and an enhancement of the exciton binding energy. Not only that, the yellow luminescence in these samples is found to be completely suppressed even at room temperature. All these changes are highly desirable for the enhancement of the luminescence efficiency of the material. More interestingly, the electron mobility through the network is found to be significantly higher than that is typically observed for GaN epitaxial films. This dramatic improvement is attributed to the transport of electrons through the edge states formed at the top edges of the nanowalls.
Bhasker, H. P.; Dhar, S.; Sain, A. [Physics Department, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076 (India); Kesaria, Manoj; Shivaprasad, S. M. [International Centre for Material Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560064 (India)
JEPSON PRAIRIE Self Guided Nature Trail
of the Addington long mound, and NUMBER 72 November 2012 THE NEWSLETTER OF THE PREHISTORIC SOCIETY Registered mound (2009; 2010-11). 5. Small-scale excavations of the flanking ditches of the Kit's Coty House long mound (2011). 6. Large-scale magnetometry survey of the Burham causewayed enclosure (2009, 2010). 7
Hammock, Bruce D.
The Appalachian Trail MEGA-Transect
and electric power generation facilities, pollution from large cities and along major highways, and relatively use the water for residential uses or power generation. Monitoring water sources on the A.T. will also) Steve Kahl (Center for the Environment) Ken Kimball (Appalachian Mountain Club) Daniel Lambert (Vermont
Wang, Y.Q. "Yeqiao"
Enjoy the trails through the tall
wings. You might catch a glimpse of red squirrels or even a capercaillie or black grouse so please of farming. Look quietly for red squirrels and hunt for tadpoles in the burns. Listen for the call of cuckoos-bordered fritillary Red squirrel Fowk (people) fae roon aboot haev dargit (worked) athoot peyment tae mend the aald
Collaborative Search Trails for Video Search
Hopfgartner,F. Halvey,M. Vallet,D. Jose,J.M. Proceedings of the First International Collaborative Search Workshop, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Hopfgartner, F.
Restart trail for stackless BVH traversal
A ray cast algorithm utilizing a hierarchical acceleration structure needs to perform a tree traversal in the hierarchy. In its basic form, executing the traversal requires a stack that holds the nodes that are still to be processed. In some cases, such ...
Samuli Laine
The Initial Composition of Jet Condensation Trails
Physicochemical processes that generate and transform aerosols in jet aircraft plumes are discussed on the basis of theoretical models and recent observations of young contrails in the upper troposphere. The initial evolution of optical depth and ...
B. K�rcher; Th Peter; U. M. Biermann; U. Schumann
End of the Trail for Roadrunner
Mar 31, 2013 ... It had 6,563 dual-core general-purpose processors (AMD Opterons�), with each core linked to a special graphics processor (PowerXCell 8i)�...
0.5 Kilometer Hiking trail
. P.G.T. Beauregard to withdraw. Grant's Last Line While the Confederates moved to crush the Hornets
Non-MT Determination of X-Ray Absorption Cross-Section's Factorized Atomic Part in the Near-Edge Region. Application to Si K-Edge XANES Analysis in Beta-Zeolites
An algorithm and code for the determination of the factorized atomic part of the absorption cross-section from experimental spectra in the XANES region were generated and tested on Al and Si K-edge XANES in reference compounds and applied to zeolite Beta with various Si/Al ratios. However, replacement of the theoretically determined background with the experimental absorption cross-section significantly improved the agreement with experiment. The spectral analysis showed that the XANES region can be used to extract detailed structural information when the Muffin-tin approximation can be avoided. Asymmetry in the silicon oxide tetrahedron was observed when increasing the aluminum content of the zeolite.
Bugaev, L. A.; Avakyan, L. A.; Latokha, Ya. V. [Physical Department of Rostov State University, Zorge str., 5, Rostov-on-Don, 344090 (Russian Federation); Bokhoven, J. A. van [Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich (Switzerland)
BEC-BCS crossover and the mobility edge: superfluid-insulator transitions and reentrant superfluidity in disordered Fermi gases
A superfluid-insulator transition is known to occur in strongly disordered Fermi gases, in both the BCS and BEC regimes; here, we address the properties of this transition across the BEC-BCS crossover. We argue that the critical disorder strength at which superfluidity is lost changes non-monotonically with detuning from Feshbach resonance, and that a reentrant superfluid phase arises for detunings near the fermionic mobility edge. Our analysis of the intermediate regime is quantitatively valid for narrow resonances and near four dimensions, and provides a simple physical picture of this regime, in terms of two distinct but coexisting insulators.
Sarang Gopalakrishnan
Monte Carlo Comparisons to a Cryogenic Dark Matter Search Detector with Low Transition-Edge-Sensor Transition Temperature
We present results on phonon quasidiffusion and Transition Edge Sensor (TES) studies in a large, 3-inch diameter, 1-inch thick [100] high purity germanium crystal, cooled to 50 mK in the vacuum of a dilution refrigerator, and exposed with 59.5 keV gamma-rays from an Am-241 calibration source. We compare calibration data with results from a Monte Carlo which includes phonon quasidiffusion and the generation of phonons created by charge carriers as they are drifted across the detector by ionization readout channels. The phonon energy is then parsed into TES based phonon readout channels and input into a TES simulator.
Leman, S.W.; McCarthy, K.A.; /MIT, MKI; Brink, P.L.; Cabrera, B.; Cherry, M.; /Stanford U., Phys. Dept.; Silva, E.Do Couto E; /SLAC; Figueroa-Feliciano, E.; /MIT, MKI; Kim, P.; /SLAC; Mirabolfathi, N.; /UC, Berkeley; Pyle, M.; /Stanford U., Phys. Dept.; Resch, R.; /SLAC; Sadoulet, B.; Serfass, B.; Sundqvist, K.M.; /UC, Berkeley; Tomada, A.; /Stanford U., Phys. Dept.; Young, B.A.; /Santa Clara U.
Airfoil lance apparatus for homogeneous humidification and sorbent dispersion in a gas stream
An apparatus for spraying an atomized mixture into a gas stream comprises a stream line airfoil member having a large radius leading edge and a small radius trailing edge. A nozzle assembly pierces the trailing edge of the airfoil member and is concentrically surrounded by a nacelle which directs shielding gas from the interior of the airfoil member around the nozzle assembly. Flowable medium to be atomized and atomizing gas for atomizing the medium are supplied in concentric conduits to the nozzle. A plurality of nozzles each surrounded by a nacelle are spaced along the trailing edge of the airfoil member. 3 figs.
Myers, R.B.; Yagiela, A.S.
An apparatus for spraying an atomized mixture into a gas stream comprises a stream line airfoil member having a large radius leading edge and a small radius trailing edge. A nozzle assembly pierces the trailing edge of the airfoil member and is concentrically surrounded by a nacelle which directs shielding gas from the interior of the airfoil member around the nozzle assembly. Flowable medium to be atomized and atomizing gas for atomizing the medium are supplied in concentric conduits to the nozzle. A plurality of nozzles each surrounded by a nacelle are spaced along the trailing edge of the airfoil member.
Myers, Robert B. (Copley, OH); Yagiela, Anthony S. (North Canton, OH)
Ray Tracing through the Edge Focusing of Rectangular Benders and an Improved Model for the Los Alamos Proton Storage Ring
Particle ray tracing through simulated 3D magnetic fields was executed to investigate the effective quadrupole strength of the edge focusing of the rectangular bending magnets in the Los Alamos Proton Storage Ring (PSR). The particle rays receive a kick in the edge field of the rectangular dipole. A focal length may be calculated from the particle tracking and related to the fringe field integral (FINT) model parameter. This tech note introduces the baseline lattice model of the PSR and motivates the need for an improvement in the baseline model's vertical tune prediction, which differs from measurement by .05. An improved model of the PSR is created by modifying the fringe field integral parameter to those suggested by the ray tracing investigation. This improved model is then verified against measurement at the nominal PSR operating set point and at set points far away from the nominal operating conditions. Lastly, Linear Optics from Closed Orbits (LOCO) is employed in an orbit response matrix method for model improvement to verify the quadrupole strengths of the improved model.
Kolski, Jeffrey S. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Barlow, David B. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Macek, Robert J. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; McCrady, Rodney C. [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Generation of non-axisymmetric scrape-off layer perturbations for controlling tokamak edge plasma profiles and stability
A critical requirement for tokamak fusion reactors is the control of the divertor heat load, both the time-averaged value and the impulsive fluxes that accompany edge-localized modes. We propose driving toroidally varying currents through the scrape-off layer (SOL) plasma both to broaden the SOL by inducing radial convection and to control the edge pressure gradient by inducing resonant magnetic perturbations. The generation of additional convective transport via steady-state convective cells or increased turbulence drive requires that the electric potential perturbations exceed a threshold in amplitude that depends on wavelength. The generation of a coherent magnetic perturbation is optimized by choosing the appropriate width and phasing of the biasing region at the target plate in order to optimize the profile of the SOL current. Longer wavelength modes produce a larger effect because they are not sheared as strongly by the magnetic X-point. Generation of the necessary currents is challenging due to the possibly substantial power requirements and the possible need for internal insulators. We analyze passive current-drive mechanisms that rely on puffing and pumping of neutral gas in a toroidally asymmetric fashion using the UEDGE code to model the ITER divertor.
Joseph, Ilon; Cohen, Ronald H.; Rognlien, Thomas D.; Ryutov, Dmitri D. [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-637, Livermore, California 94551 (United States)
Comparison of collisional radiative models for edge electron density reconstruction from Li I (2s-2p) emission profiles
Four collisional radiative models (CRMs) for reconstruction of the edge electron density profile from the measured Li I (2s-2p) emission profile of an accelerated lithium beam are compared using experimental data from DIII-D. It is shown for both L- and H-mode plasmas that edge density profiles reconstructed with the CRMs DDD2, ABSOLUT, [Sasaki et al. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 64, 1699 (1993)] and a new model developed at DIII-D agree in a density scan from n{sub e}{sup ped}= (2.0-6.5) Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 19} m{sup -3} within 20%, 20%, <5%, and 40%, respectively, of the pedestal density measured with Thomson scattering. Profile shape and absolute density vary in a scan of the effective ion charge Z{sub eff}= 1-6 up to a factor of two but agree with Thomson data for Z{sub eff}= 1-2 within the error bars.
Stoschus, H.; Hudson, B.; Munoz Burgos, J. M. [Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-0117 (United States); Thomas, D. M. [General Atomics, San Diego, California 92186-5608 (United States); Schweinzer, J. [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Plasmaphysik, Euratom Association, 85748 Garching (Germany)
Near-coincident K-line and K-edge energies as ionization diagnostics for some high atomic number plasmas
For some high atomic number atoms, the energy of the K-edge is tens of eVs higher than the K-line energy of another atom, so that a few eV increase in the line's energy results in a decreasing transmission of the x-ray through a filter of the matching material. The transmission of cold iridium's Asymptotically-Equal-To 63.287 keV K{alpha}{sub 2} line through a lutetium filter is 7% lower when emitted by ionized iridium, consistent with an energy increase of {Delta}{epsilon} Asymptotically-Equal-To 10{+-}1 eV associated with the ionization. Likewise, the transmission of the K{beta}{sub 1} line of ytterbium through a near-coincident K-edge filter changes depending on plasma parameters that should affect the ionization. Systematic exploration of filter-line pairs like these could become a unique tool for diagnostics of suitable high energy density plasmas.
Pereira, N. R. [Ecopulse, Inc., P.O. Box 528, Springfield, Virginia 22150 (United States); Weber, B. V.; Phipps, D. G.; Schumer, J. W. [Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375 (United States); Seely, J. F. [Artep, Inc., 2922 Excelsior Springs Court, Ellicott City, Maryland 21042 (United States); Carroll, J. J. [Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20873 (United States); Vanhoy, J. R. [United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402 (United States); Slabkowska, K.; Polasik, M. [Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun (Poland)
Chandra Observation of the Edge-on Spiral NGC 5775: Probing the Hot Galactic Disk/Halo Connection
We study the edge-on galaxy NGC 5775, utilizing a 58.2 ks {\\sl Chandra} ACIS-S observation together with complementary {\\sl HST} ACS, {\\sl Spitzer} IRAC and other multi-wavelength data sets. This edge-on galaxy, with its disk-wide active star formation, is particularly well-suited for studying the disk/halo interaction on sub-galactic scales. We detect 27 discrete X-ray sources within the $D_{25}$ region of the galaxy, including an ultra-luminous source with a 0.3-7 keV luminosity of $\\sim7\\times10^{40}\\rm ergs s^{-1}$. The source-removed diffuse X-ray emission shows several prominent extraplanar features, including a $\\sim10\\rm kpc$ diameter ``shell-like'' feature and a ``blob'' reaching a projected distance of $\\sim25\\rm kpc$ from the galactic disk. The bulk of the X-ray emission in the halo has a scale height of $\\sim$1.5 kpc and can be characterized by a two-temperature optically thin thermal plasma with temperatures of $\\sim$ 0.2 and 0.6 keV and a total 0.3-2 keV luminosity of $\\sim3.5\\times10^{39}\\rm er...
Li, J T; Wang, Q D; Irwin, J A; Rossa, J
Local field effects at Li K edges in electron energy-loss spectra of Li, Li{sub 2}O and LiF
Local field effects (LFEs) in low-losses of electron energy-loss spectra of Li, Li{sub 2}O, and LiF were calculated using the density functional theory under the generalized gradient approximation. By including the lithium 1s semicore state in the pseudopotentials, the amplitude of LFE was assessed all the way up to the Li K edge (from 0 to 80 eV). They are found to be much larger for semicore levels (2s of oxygen, 2s of fluorine, and 1s of lithium) than for the valence electron energy-loss region. LFEs at the Li K edge are studied in detail. In particular, for q=0 they are shown to increase with the inhomogeneities of the compounds (from Li to LiF). The influence of the magnitude and the direction of q is also presented. Both parameters have negligible effect in the case of Li metal but changes are quite substantial for Li{sub 2}O and LiF. This is in agreement with the isotropy and the delocalization of the metallic bonding as compared to the ionic one. LFEs at the Li K edge are, however, whatever the compound, much smaller than those observed at transition metal M{sub 2,3} edges situated at similar energy positions. This result can be accounted for by considering the wave functions associated with the initial and final states involved in both edges. For lithium battery materials, most often presenting a transition metal edge close to the Li K edge, these findings imply significant consequences with respect to the interpretation of their electron energy-loss spectroscopy spectra. In particular, LFE can be expected to be stronger in positive electrodes than in negative ones.
Mauchamp, V.; Moreau, P.; Ouvrard, G.; Boucher, F. [Institut des Materiaux Jean Rouxel, UMR 6502, Universite de Nantes-CNRS, 2, Rue de la Houssiniere, 44322 Nantes Cedex (France)
Linear-response and real-time time-dependent density functional theory studies of core-level near-edge x-ray absorption
We discuss our implementation and application of time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) to core-level near-edge absorption spectroscopy, using both linear-response (LR) and real-time (RT) approaches. We briefly describe our restricted window TDDFT (REWTDDFT) approach for core excitations which has also been reported by others groups. This is followed by a detailed discussion of real-time TDDFT techniques tailored to core excitations, including obtaining spectral information through delta-function excitation, post-processing time-dependent signals, and resonant excitation through quasi-monochromatic excitation. We present results for the oxygen K-edge of water and carbon dioxide; the carbon K-edge of carbon dioxide; the ruthenium L3-edge for the hexaamminerutheium(III) ion, including scalar relativistic corrections via the zeroth order regular approximation (ZORA); and the carbon and fluorine K-edges for a series of fluorobenzenes. In all cases, the calculated spectra are found to be in good agreement with experiment, requiring only a uniform shift on the order of a few percent. Real-time TDDFT visualization of excited state charge densities are used to visually examine the nature of each excitation, which gives insight into the effects of atoms bound to the absorbing center.
Lopata, Kenneth A.; Van Kuiken, Benjamin E.; Khalil, Munira; Govind, Niranjan
Asymptotically-Equal-To 10 eV ionization shift in Ir K{alpha}{sub 2} from a near-coincident Lu K-edge
Close to an x-ray filter's K-edge the transmission depends strongly on the photon energy. For a few atom pairs, the K-edge of one is only a few tens of eV higher than a K-line energy of another, so that a small change in the line's energy becomes a measurable change in intensity behind such a matching filter. Lutetium's K-edge is Asymptotically-Equal-To 27 eV above iridium's K{alpha}{sub 2} line, Asymptotically-Equal-To 63.287 keV for cold Ir. A Lu filter reduces this line's intensity by Asymptotically-Equal-To 10 % when it is emitted by a plasma, indicating an ionization shift {Delta}E Asymptotically-Equal-To 10{+-}1 eV.
Pereira, N. R. [Ecopulse, Inc, P.O. Box 528, Springfield, Virginia 22150 (United States); Weber, B. V.; Phipps, D.; Schumer, J. W. [Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375 (United States); Seely, J. F. [Artep Inc., 2922 Excelsior Springs Ct, Ellicott City, Maryland 21042 (United States); Carroll, J. J. [Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20873 (United States); VanHoy, J. R. [United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402 (United States); Slabkowska, K.; Polasik, M. [Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun (Poland)
High-resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy with a microwave-multiplexed transition-edge sensor array
We demonstrate very high resolution photon spectroscopy with a microwave-multiplexed two-pixel transition-edge sensor (TES) array. We measured a $^{153}$Gd photon source and achieved an energy resolution of 63 eV full-width-at-half-maximum at 97 keV and an equivalent readout system noise of 86 pA/$\\sqrt{\\text{Hz}}$ at the TES. The readout circuit consists of superconducting microwave resonators coupled to radio-frequency superconducting-quantum-interference-devices (SQUID) and transduces changes in input current to changes in phase of a microwave signal. We use flux-ramp modulation to linearize the response and evade low-frequency noise. This demonstration establishes one path for the readout of cryogenic X-ray and gamma-ray sensor arrays with more than $10^3$ elements and spectral resolving powers $R=\\lambda/\\Delta\\lambda > 10^3$.
Omid Noroozian; John A. B. Mates; Douglas A. Bennett; Justus A. Brevik; Joseph W. Fowler; Jiansong Gao; Gene C. Hilton; Robert D. Horansky; Kent D. Irwin; Zhao Kang; Daniel R. Schmidt; Leila R. Vale; Joel N. Ullom
PySpline: A Modern, Cross-Platform Program for the Processing of Raw Averaged XAS Edge and EXAFS Data
PySpline is a modern computer program for processing raw averaged XAS and EXAFS data using an intuitive approach which allows the user to see the immediate effect of various processing parameters on the resulting k- and R-space data. The Python scripting language and Qt and Qwt widget libraries were chosen to meet the design requirement that it be cross-platform (i.e. versions for Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux). PySpline supports polynomial pre- and post-edge background subtraction, splining of the EXAFS region with a multi-segment polynomial spline, and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of the resulting k{sup 3}-weighted EXAFS data.
Tenderholt, A.; Hedman, B.; Hodgson, K.O.
3D Imaging of Nickel Oxidation States using Full Field X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure Nanotomography
Reduction-oxidation (redox) cycling of the nickel electrocatalyst phase in the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anode can lead to performance degradation and cell failure. A greater understanding of nickel redox mechanisms at the microstructural level is vital to future SOFC development. Transmission x-ray microscopy (TXM) provides several key techniques for exploring oxidation states within SOFC electrode microstructure. Specifically, x-ray nanotomography and x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy have been applied to study samples of varying nickel (Ni) and nickel oxide (NiO) compositions. The imaged samples are treated as mock SOFC anodes containing distinct regions of the materials in question. XANES spectra presented for the individual materials provide a basis for the further processing and analysis of mixed samples. Images of composite samples obtained are segmented, and the distinct nickel and nickel oxide phases are uniquely identified using full field XANES spectroscopy. Applications to SOFC analysis are discussed.
Nelson, George; Harris, William; Izzo, John; Grew, Kyle N. (Connecticut); (USARL)
OAK-B135 An edge plasma current density diagnostic employing a neutralized lithium ion beam system has been installed on the DIII-D tokamak. The lithium beam control system is designed around a GE Fanuc 90-30 series PLC and Cimplicity{reg_sign} HMI (Human Machine Interface) software. The control system operates and supervises a collection of commercial and in-house designed high voltage power supplies for beam acceleration and focusing, filament and bias power supplies for ion creation, neutralization, vacuum, triggering, and safety interlocks. This paper provides an overview of the control system, while highlighting innovative aspects including its remote operation, pulsed source heating and pulsed neutralizer heating, optimizing beam regulation, and beam ramping, ending with a discussion of its performance.
We study the edge-on galaxy NGC 5775, utilizing a 58.2 ks {\\sl Chandra} ACIS-S observation together with complementary {\\sl HST} ACS, {\\sl Spitzer} IRAC and other multi-wavelength data sets. This edge-on galaxy, with its disk-wide active star formation, is particularly well-suited for studying the disk/halo interaction on sub-galactic scales. We detect 27 discrete X-ray sources within the $D_{25}$ region of the galaxy, including an ultra-luminous source with a 0.3-7 keV luminosity of $\\sim7\\times10^{40}\\rm ergs s^{-1}$. The source-removed diffuse X-ray emission shows several prominent extraplanar features, including a $\\sim10\\rm kpc$ diameter ``shell-like'' feature and a ``blob'' reaching a projected distance of $\\sim25\\rm kpc$ from the galactic disk. The bulk of the X-ray emission in the halo has a scale height of $\\sim$1.5 kpc and can be characterized by a two-temperature optically thin thermal plasma with temperatures of $\\sim$ 0.2 and 0.6 keV and a total 0.3-2 keV luminosity of $\\sim3.5\\times10^{39}\\rm ergs s^{-1}$. The high-resolution, multi-wavelength data reveal the presence of several extraplanar features around the disk, which appear to be associated with the in-disk star formation. We suggest that hot gas produced with different levels of mass loading can have different temperatures, which may explain the characteristic temperatures of hot gas in the halo. We have obtained a sub-galactic scale X-ray-intensity-star formation relation, which is consistent with the integrated version in other star forming galaxies.
J. T. Li; Z. Y. Li; Q. D. Wang; J. A. Irwin; J. Rossa
Transporting solids of different sizes is an essential process in the evolution of protoplanetary disks and planet formation. Large solids are supposed to drift inward; high-temperature minerals found in comets are assumed to have been transported outward. From low-gravity experiments on parabolic flights, we studied the light-induced erosion of dusty bodies caused by a solid-state greenhouse effect and photophoresis within a dust bed's upper layers. The gravity levels studied were 0.16g, 0.38g, 1g, and 1.7g. The light flux during the experiments was 12 {+-} 2 kW m{sup -2} and the ambient pressure was 6 {+-} 0.9 mbar. Light-induced erosion is strongly gravity dependent, which is in agreement with a developed model. In particular for small dusty bodies ((sub)-planetesimals), efficient erosion is possible at the optically thin inner edges of protoplanetary disks. Light-induced erosion prevents significant parts of a larger body from moving too close to the host star and being subsequently accreted. The small dust produced continues to be subject to photophoresis and is partially transported upward and outward over the surface of the disk; the resulting small dust particles are observed over the disk's lifetime. The fraction of eroded dust participates in subsequent cycles of growth during planetesimal formation. Another fraction of dust might be collected by a body of planetary size if this body is already present close to the disk edge. Either way, light-induced erosion is an efficient recycling process in protoplanetary disks.
De Beule, Caroline; Kelling, Thorben; Wurm, Gerhard; Teiser, Jens; Jankowski, Tim, E-mail: email@example.com [Universitaet Duisburg-Essen, Fakultaet fuer Physik, Lotharstrasse 1, D-47057 Duisburg (Germany)] [Universitaet Duisburg-Essen, Fakultaet fuer Physik, Lotharstrasse 1, D-47057 Duisburg (Germany)
Fe K-edge X-ray resonant magnetic scattering from Ba(Fe1?xCox)2As2 superconductors
We present an X-ray resonant magnetic scattering study at the Fe-K absorption edge of the BaFe2As2 compound. The energy spectrum of the resonant scattering, together with our calculation using the full-potential linear-augmented plane wave method with a local density functional suggests that the observed resonant scattering arises from electric dipole (E1) transitions. We discuss the role of Fe K-edge X-ray resonant magnetic scattering in understanding the relationship between the structure and the antiferromagnetic transition in the doped Ba(Fe1?xCox)2As2 superconductors.
Kim, Min Gyu; Kreyssig, Andreas; Lee, Yongbin; McQueeney, Robert J.; Harmon, Bruce N.; Goldman, Alan I.
An exact solution for geophysical equatorial edge waves over a sloping beach This article has been downloaded from IOPscience. Please scroll down to see the full text article.
, when Stokes [39], on the basis of linear water theory, gave a simple solution of a system describing to the shore was shown by Whitham [44] by using a formal Fourier series expansion for the full water-wave problem. Yeh [45] studied the properties of nonlinear progressive edge waves, using the fact
Matioc, Anca-Voichita
Coaxial recess integration of InGaAs edge emitting laser diodes with waveguides on silicon substrates : a complete solution to laser integration on ICs
In this thesis, the first demonstration of the full integration of 1.55[mu]m InGaAs/InP edge emitting platelet laser diodes with SiON/SiO2 dielectric waveguides on a silicon substrate is presented. Small footprint laser ...
Famenini, Shaya
Potential of discrete Gaussian edge feathering method for improving abutment dosimetry in eMLC-delivered segmented-field electron conformal therapy
Purpose: The purpose of this work was to investigate the potential of discrete Gaussian edge feathering of the higher energy electron fields for improving abutment dosimetry in the planning volume when using an electron multileaf collimator (eMLC) to deliver segmented-field electron conformal therapy (ECT). Methods: A discrete (five-step) Gaussian edge spread function was used to match dose penumbras of differing beam energies (6-20 MeV) at a specified depth in a water phantom. Software was developed to define the leaf eMLC positions of an eMLC that most closely fit each electron field shape. The effect of 1D edge feathering of the higher energy field on dose homogeneity was computed and measured for segmented-field ECT treatment plans for three 2D PTVs in a water phantom, i.e., depth from the water surface to the distal PTV surface varied as a function of the x-axis (parallel to leaf motion) and remained constant along the y-axis (perpendicular to leaf motion). Additionally, the effect of 2D edge feathering was computed and measured for one radially symmetric, 3D PTV in a water phantom, i.e., depth from the water surface to the distal PTV surface varied as a function of both axes. For the 3D PTV, the feathering scheme was evaluated for 0.1-1.0-cm leaf widths. Dose calculations were performed using the pencil beam dose algorithm in the Pinnacle{sup 3} treatment planning system. Dose verification measurements were made using a prototype eMLC (1-cm leaf width). Results: 1D discrete Gaussian edge feathering reduced the standard deviation of dose in the 2D PTVs by 34, 34, and 39%. In the 3D PTV, the broad leaf width (1 cm) of the eMLC hindered the 2D application of the feathering solution to the 3D PTV, and the standard deviation of dose increased by 10%. However, 2D discrete Gaussian edge feathering with simulated eMLC leaf widths of 0.1-0.5 cm reduced the standard deviation of dose in the 3D PTV by 33-28%, respectively. Conclusions: A five-step discrete Gaussian edge spread function applied in 2D improves the abutment dosimetry but requires an eMLC leaf resolution better than 1 cm.
Eley, John G.; Hogstrom, Kenneth R.; Matthews, Kenneth L.; Parker, Brent C.; Price, Michael J. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, 202 Nicholson Hall, Tower Drive, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-4001 (United States); Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, 202 Nicholson Hall, Tower Drive, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-4001 (United States) and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, 4950 Essen Lane, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70809-3482 (United States); Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, 202 Nicholson Hall, Tower Drive, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-4001 (United States); Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, 202 Nicholson Hall, Tower Drive, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-4001 (United States) and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, 4950 Essen Lane, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70809-3482 (United States)
Simulation studies for operating electron beam ion trap at very low energy for disentangling edge plasma spectra
Electron beam ion traps (EBITs) are very useful tools for disentanglement studies of atomic processes in plasmas. In order to assist studies on edge plasma spectroscopic diagnostics, a very low energy EBIT, SH-PermEBIT, has been set up at the Shanghai EBIT lab. In this work, simulation studies for factors which hinder an EBIT to operate at very low electron energies were made based on the Tricomp (Field Precision) codes. Longitudinal, transversal, and total kinetic energy distributions were analyzed for all the electron trajectories. Influences from the electron current and electron energy on the energy depression caused by the space charge are discussed. The simulation results show that although the energy depression is most serious along the center of the electron beam, the electrons in the outer part of the beam are more likely to be lost when an EBIT is running at very low energy. Using the simulation results to guide us, we successfully managed to reach the minimum electron beam energy of 60 eV with a beam transmission above 57% for the SH-PermEBIT. Ar and W spectra were measured from the SH-PermEBIT at the apparent electron beam energies (read from the voltage difference between the electron gun cathode and the central drift tube) of 60 eV and 1200 eV, respectively. The spectra are shown in this paper.
Jin Xuelong; Fei Zejie; Xiao Jun; Lu Di; Hutton, Roger; Zou Yaming [Key Lab of Applied Ion Beam Physics, Ministry of Education, China and Shanghai EBIT laboratory, Modern Physics Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai (China)
Automatic Seedpoint Selection and Tracing of Microstructures in the Knife-Edge Scanning Microscope Mouse Brain Data Set
The Knife-Edge Scanning Microscope (KESM) enables imaging of an entire mouse brain at sub-micrometer resolution. By using the data sets from the KESM, we can trace the neuronal and vascular structures of the whole mouse brain. I investigated effective methods for automatic seedpoint selection on 3D data sets from the KESM. Furthermore, based on the detected seedpoints, I counted the total number of somata and traced the neuronal structures in the KESM data sets. In the first step, the acquired images from KESM were preprocessed as follows: inverting, noise filtering and contrast enhancement, merging, and stacking to create 3D volumes. Second, I used a morphological object detection algorithm to select seedpoints in the complex neuronal structures. Third, I used an interactive 3D seedpoint validation and a multi-scale approach to identify incorrectly detected somata due to the dense overlapping structures. Fourth, I counted the number of somata to investigate regional differences and morphological features of the mouse brain. Finally, I traced the neuronal structures using a local maximum intensity projection method that employs moving windows. The contributions of this work include reducing time required for setting seedpoints, decreasing the number of falsely detected somata, and improving 3D neuronal reconstruction and analysis performance.
Kim, Dongkun
Heavy Neutral Beam Probe for edge plasma analysis in Tokamaks. Annual progress report, December 1, 1992--November 30, 1993
The contents of this report present the progress achieved to date on the Heavy Neutral Beam Probe project. This effort is an international collaboration in magnetic confinement fusion energy research sponsored by the US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Research (Confinement Systems Division) and the Centre Canadien de Fusion Magnetique (CCFM). The overall objective of the effort is to develop and apply a neutral particle beam to the study of edge plasma dynamics in discharges on the Tokamak de Varennes (TdeV) facility in Montreal, Canada. To achieve this goal, a research and development project was established to produce the necessary hardware to make such measurements and meet the scheduling requirements of the program. At present the project is in the middle of its second budget period with the instrumentation on-site at TdeV. The first half of this budget period was used to complete total system tests at InterScience, Inc., dismantle and ship the hardware to TdeV, re-assemble and install the HNBP on the tokamak. Integration of the diagnostic into the TdeV facility has progressed to the point of first beam production and measurement on the plasma. At this time, the HNBP system is undergoing final de-bugging prior to re-start of machine operation in early Fall of this year.
Castracane, J.; Saravia, E.; Beckstead, J.; Aceto, S.
Changes in the divertor magnetic balance in DIII-D H-mode plasmas affects core, edge, and divertor plasma behavior. Both the pedestal density n{sub e,PED} and plasma stored energy W{sub T} were sensitive to changes in magnetic balance near the double-null (DN) configuration, e.g., both decreased 20%-30% when the DN shifted to a slightly unbalanced DN, where the B x {del}B drift direction pointed away from the main X-point. Recycling at each of the four divertor targets was sensitive to changes in magnetic balance and the B x {del}B drift direction. The poloidal distribution of the recycling in DN is in qualitative agreement with the predictions of UEDGE modeling with particle drifts included. The particle flux at the inner divertor target is shown to be much more sensitive to magnetic balance than the particle flux at the outer divertor target near the DN shape. These results suggest possible advantages and drawbacks for balanced DN operation.
Energy distribution measurement of narrow-band ultrashort x-ray beams via K-edge filters subtraction
The characterization of novel x-ray sources includes the measurement of the photon flux and the energy distribution of the produced beam. The aim of BEATS2 experiment at the SPARC-LAB facility of the INFN National Laboratories of Frascati (Rome, Italy) is to investigate possible medical applications of an x-ray source based on Thomson relativistic back-scattering. This source is expected to produce a pulsed quasi-monochromatic x-ray beam with an instantaneous flux of 10{sup 20} ph/s in pulses 10 ps long and with an average energy of about 20 keV. A direct measurement of energy distribution of this beam is very difficult with traditional detectors because of the extremely high photon flux. In this paper, we present a method for the evaluation of the energy distribution of quasi-monochromatic x-ray beams based on beam filtration with K-edge absorbing foils in the energy range of interest (16-22 keV). The technique was tested measuring the energy distribution of an x-ray beam having a spectrum similar to the expected one (SPARC-LAB Thomson source) by using a tungsten anode x-ray tube properly filtered and powered. The energy distribution obtained has been compared with the one measured with a HPGe detector showing very good agreement.
Cardarelli, Paolo; Di Domenico, Giovanni; Marziani, Michele; Mucollari, Irena; Pupillo, Gaia; Sisini, Francesco; Taibi, Angelo; Gambaccini, Mauro [Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Ferrara and INFN - Ferrara, via Saragat 1, I-44122 Ferrara (Italy)
Electrical Currents and Adhesion of Edge-Delete Regions of EVA-to-Glass Module Packaging: Preprint
Presented at the 2001 NCPV Program Review Meeting: Electrical conductivity pathways from the grounded frame to the cell area in a PV module are reviewed here. Electrical conductivity pathways from the grounded frame to the cell area in a PV module are reviewed here. Measurements are made on 4 inch x 8 inch soda lime (SL) glass substrates with contact patterns defined using 3-mil and 10-mil diameter bead-blast removal of the SnO{sub 2} coating to study the dominant path, which is the EVA/glass interface. The remaining SnO{sub 2} contact strips are separated by what would simulate the module edge delete regions. EVA encapsulated bead-blast surface resistances are 8 x 10{sup 15} ohm/sq compared to 8 x 10{sup 12} ohm/sq for native SL glass surfaces. Adhesion strengths to bead-blast surfaces are 25 to 30 lbs/in. Stress test results on these interfaces after removal from damp heat suggest corrosion of the glass at the glass-EVA interface.
McMahon, T. J.; Jorgensen, G. J.
X-ray absorption near edge structure spectrometry study of nickel and lead speciation in coals and coal combustion products
The fate and environmental impacts of trace elements from coal fired power stations are a significant concern because of the large quantities of coal used as an energy source. The ultimate environmental fate and health impact of some of these trace elements is dependent on their various forms and oxidation states. Nickel and lead are two of the trace elements classified as 'priority pollutants' by the National Pollutant Inventory (NPI) in Australia. This study attempts to understand speciation of nickel and lead in coal and coal combustion products from five coal fired power stations in Australia where bituminous rank coals are utilized. Non-destructive X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure Spectrometry (XANES) was used to determine speciation of these metals. Semiquantitative speciation of nickel and lead was calculated using a linear combination fit of XANES spectra obtained for selected pure reference compounds. In all fly ash samples, 28-80% of nickel was present as nickel in NiSO{sub 4} form, which is a more toxic and more bioavailable form of nickel. Less toxic NiO was detected in fly ash samples in the range of 0-15%. Speciation of lead revealed that 65-70% is present as PbS in the feed coals. In all fly ash samples analyzed, lead comprised different proportions of PbCl{sub 2}, PbO, and PbSO{sub 4}. PbCl{sub 2} and PbSO{sub 4} contents varied between 30-70% and 30-60%, respectively. Chemical reactions resulting in nickel and lead transformation that are likely to have occurred in the post-combustion environment are discussed. 22 refs., 7 figs., 7 tabs.
Pushan Shah; Vladimir Strezov; Peter F. Nelson [Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW (Australia). CRC for Coal in Sustainable Development
Probing the hydration structure of polarizable halides: a multi-edge XAFS and molecular dynamics study of the iodide anion.
A comprehensive analysis of the H2O structure about aqueous iodide (I-) is reported from molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements. XAFS spectra from the iodide K-, L1-, and L3- edges were co-refined to establish the complete structure of the first hydration shell about aqueous I-. The results show approximately 6.3 water molecules located at I-H and I-O distances of 2.65 � and 3.50 �, respectively. Whereas the I-O bond is moderately disordered (Debye Waller factor, ?2 = 0.017 �2) due to the relatively low charge-to-ion radius ratio, the I-H interaction shows even higher disorder (?2 = 0.036 �2) due to the variable angular orientation of water at the ion surface. Molecular dynamics simulations employing both DFT (+dispersion) and classical potentials generate quite similar structures and they both agree to a large extent with the structure from the experimental XAFS. However the DFT-MD simulations provide a description of molecular structure that is more consistent with the XAFS experiment data. We employ a molecular anaylsis in which we incrementally evaluate the structural contributions from each of the nearest-neighbor water molecules about the iodide to provide a clear picture of the hydrated structure. For the DFT description of molecular interaction, a water molecule in the first shell has more freedom to rotate about the O atom when compared to motions resulting from a classical potential. Further, the hydrogen bonding of first-shell water with the second shell water establishes an strong ordering of the water about I- surface leading to characteristic O-I-O angles of 79 and 142�. This ordering, in addition to the higher coordination number leads to a more symmetric solvation from the DFT-MD configurations relative to the classical potential simulation.
Fulton, John L.; Schenter, Gregory K.; Baer, Marcel; Mundy, Christopher J.; Dang, Liem X.; Balasubramanian, Mahalingam
Identification of Mn site in Pb(Zr,Ti)O{sub 3} by synchrotron x-ray absorption near-edge structure: Theory and experiment
Synchrotron x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) experiments are performed on Mn-doped PbZr{sub 1-x}Ti{sub x}O{sub 3} samples (PZT) and compared with first-principles XANES simulations. The features of the measured Mn K-edge XANES are consistent with the first-principles XANES of Mn on the Ti/Zr site and inconsistent with Mn on other sites. The clear agreement between measured and first-principles theoretical XANES spectra reported here is by far the strongest evidence of Mn substituting for Ti/Zr in PZT. This work illustrates that a first-principles supercell framework, which is popularly used to study impurities in crystals, can be used in conjunction with XANES measurement in order to identify an impurity structure with a high degree of confidence. This approach may thus be broadly applicable to study impurities in other crystals.
Limpijumnong, Sukit; Rujirawat, Saroj; Boonchun, Adisak; Smith, M. F.; Cherdhirunkorn, B. [National Synchrotron Research Center, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand and School of Physics, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 (Thailand); National Synchrotron Research Center, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 (Thailand); Department of Physics, Thammasat University, Patum Thani 12121 (Thailand)
Measurement of impurity ion densities and energies in the divertor and edge regions of Alcator C-Mod tokamak. [Lab. for Plasma Research, Univ. of Maryland, College Park
A study to investigate impurity production and transport in the divertor and edge regions of the Alcator C-Mod tokamak through spectroscopic techniques is described. A 0.75-meter Czerny-Turner spectrometer with a 1200-g/mm grating and a 35-meter quartz optic bundle transmission line were tested. A high-resolution 2-meter spectrometer will be ordered. Data acquisition considerations are being addressed. (RWR)
Griem, H.R.; Moreno, J.; Welch, B.L.
Shadow Algorithm References Not Covered in the "Shadow Algorithms Data Miner" Book -P. 5 include as reference for survey of shadow volume algorithms: "Combining cutting edge
, 2012. http://www.cspaul.com/publications/Rosen.2012.I3D.pdf - Section 2.3.7 "Improved Ray HierarchyBA&usg=AFQjCNFKeUWA1zjkFvL95WubOMvB2iMMzA - Section 2.4.3 "Real-time shadow using a combination of stencil and the z as reference for survey of shadow volume algorithms: "Combining cutting edge shadow volume algorithms: using
Montréal, Université de
Mikro Systems Develops Unique Ceramic Core Casting Technology...
Mikro Systems, Inc. Ceramic casting core with an intricate, fine-featured trailing edge. R&D Opportunity A key limitation of turbine efficiency has been the failure of parts at...
Formation of an SEI on a LiMn(2)O(4) Cathode during Room Temperature Charge-Discharge Cycling Studied by Soft X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy at the Fluorine K-edge
The solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation on the surface of LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} electrodes during room temperature charge-discharge cycling was studied using soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Fluorine (F) K-edge. LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} electrodes without any binder were prepared by electrostatic spray deposition to eliminate the signal originating from the PVDF binder in the F K-edge X-ray absorption spectra. The F K-edge absorption spectra show that the SEI layer forms at a very early stage of cycling. SEI growth takes place during discharge. In addition, LiF formation is accelerated if the discharge step follows a charge step. The F K-edge absorption spectra suggest that the major component of the SEI is LiF.
Chung, K.Y.; Yang, X.; Yoon, W.-S.; Kim, K.-B.; Cho, B.-W.
Exterior Rigid Foam Insulation at the Edge of a Slab Foundation, Fresno, California (Fact Sheet), Building America Case Study: Efficient Solutions for New and Existing Homes, Building Technologies Office (BTO)
Exterior rigid foam insulation at the edge of the slab foundation was a unique feature for this low-load, unoccupied test house in a hot-dry climate and maybe more appropriate for climates with higher heating loads.
. Manay et al. (2004) investigate integral invariants for curves in the plane and show their superior. Hulin and Troyanov (2003); Cazals et al. (2003); Gelfand et al. (2005)): Vb(r, p) = 2 3 r3 - 4 H(p)r4 and in view of (4) its extent in the z direction is O(r2 ). It has been shown by Hulin and Troyanov (2003
Martin, Ralph R.
Virialization-induced curvature versus dark energy
The concordance model is successful in explaining numerous observable phenomena at the price of introducing an exotic source of unknown origin: dark energy. Dark energy dominance occurs at recent epochs, when we expect most cosmological structures to have already formed, and thus, when the error induced by forcing the homogeneous FLRW metric onto the data is expected to be the most significant. We propose a way to quantify the impact of deviations from homogeneity on the evolution of cosmological parameters. Using a multi-scale partitioning approach and the virialization fraction estimated from numerical simulations in an Einstein-de Sitter model, we obtain an observationally realistic distance modulus over redshifts 0 < z < 3 by a relativistic correction of the FLRW metric.
Ostrowski, Jan J; Buchert, Thomas
Curvature of the Lanthanide Contraction: An Explanation
A number of studies have shown that for isostructural series of the lanthanides (elements La through Lu), a plot of equivalent metal-ligand bond lengths versus atomic number differs significantly from linearity and can be better fit as a quadratic equation. However, for hydrogen type wave functions, it is the inverse of the average distance of the electron from the nucleus (an estimate of size) that varies linearly with effective nuclear charge. This generates an apparent quadratic dependence of radius with atomic number. Plotting the inverse of lanthanide ion radii (the observed distance minus the ligand size) as a function of effective nuclear charge gives very good linear fits for a variety of lanthanide complexes and materials. Parameters obtained from this fit are in excellent agreement with the calculated Slater shielding constant, k.
Raymond, Kenneth; Wellman, Daniel; Sgarlata, Carmelo; Hill, Aru
Large-Scale Curvature of Networks:
... f face v f vk ? ? )( ?? 2)( P vk Pv = ? ? Page 9. ... to pay a (big) price: [Bridson-Haefliger] Let X be a ?-hyperbolic geodesic metric space. Let C be ...
Methods and systems to enhance flame holding in a gas turbine engine
A fuel nozzle including a swirler assembly that includes a shroud, a hub, and a plurality of vanes extending between the shroud and the hub. Each vane includes a pressure sidewall and an opposite suction sidewall coupled to the pressure sidewall at a leading edge and at a trailing edge. At least one suction side fuel injection orifice is formed adjacent to the leading edge and extends from a first fuel supply passage to the suction sidewall. A fuel injection angle is oriented with respect to the suction sidewall. The suction side fuel injection orifice is configured to discharge fuel outward from the suction sidewall. At least one pressure side fuel injection orifice extends from a second fuel supply passage to the pressure sidewall and is substantially parallel to the trailing edge. The pressure side fuel injection orifice is configured to discharge fuel tangentially from the trailing edge.
Zuo, Baifang (Simpsonville, SC); Lacy, Benjamin Paul (Greer, SC); Stevenson, Christian Xavier (Inman, SC)
Particle Formation from Pulsed Laser Irradiation of SootAggregates studied with scanning mobility particle sizer, transmissionelectron microscope and near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure.
We investigated the physical and chemical changes induced in soot aggregates exposed to laser radiation using a scanning mobility particle sizer, a transmission electron microscope, and a scanning transmission x-ray microscope to perform near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. Laser-induced nanoparticle production was observed at fluences above 0.12 J/cm(2) at 532 nm and 0.22 J/cm(2) at 1064 nm. Our results indicate that new particle formation proceeds via (1) vaporization of small carbon clusters by thermal or photolytic mechanisms, followed by homogeneous nucleation, (2) heterogeneous nucleation of vaporized carbon clusters onto material ablated from primary particles, or (3) both processes.
Michelsen, Hope A.; Tivanski, Alexei V.; Gilles, Mary K.; vanPoppel, Laura H.; Dansson, Mark A.; Buseck, Peter R.; Buseck, Peter R.
Effects of sulfation level on the desulfation behavior of pre-sulfated Pt BaO/Al2O3 lean NOx trap catalysts: a combined H2 Temperature-Programmed Reaction, in-situ sulfur K-edge X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, and Time-Resolved X-ray Diffraction Study
Desulfation by hydrogen of pre-sulfated Pt(2wt%) BaO(20wt%)/Al2O3 with various sulfur loading (S/Ba = 0.12, 0.31 and 0.62) were investigated by combining H2 temperature programmed reaction (TPRX), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), in-situ sulfur K-edge x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES), and synchrotron time-resolved x-ray diffraction (TR-XRD) techniques. We find that the amount of H2S desorbed during the desulfation in the H2 TPRX experiments is not proportional to the amount of initial sulfur loading. The results of both in-situ sulfur K-edge XANES and TR-XRD show that at low sulfur loadings, sulfates were transformed to a BaS phase and remained in the catalyst, rather than being removed as H2S. On the other hand, when the deposited sulfur level exceeded a certain threshold (at least S/Ba = 0.31) sulfates were reduced to form H2S, and the relative amount of the residual sulfide species in the catalyst was much less than at low sulfur loading. Unlike samples with high sulfur loading (e.g., S/Ba = 0.62), H2O did not promote the desulfation for the sample with S/Ba of 0.12, implying that the formed BaS species originating from the reduction of sulfates at low sulfur loading are more stable to hydrolysis. The results of this combined spectroscopy investigation provide clear evidence to show that sulfates at low sulfur loadings are less likely to be removed as H2S and have a greater tendency to be transformed to BaS on the material, leading to the conclusion that desulfation behavior of Pt BaO/Al2O3 lean NOx trap catalysts is markedly dependent on the sulfation levels.
Kim, Do Heui; Szanyi, Janos; Kwak, Ja Hun; Wang, Xianqin; Hanson, Jonathan C.; Engelhard, Mark H.; Peden, Charles HF
Massachusetts nuclear power referendum: Lessons learned from the campaign trail
Last November, Massachusetts voters cast their ballots on a binding initiative which, if passed, would have prohibited the production of high-level waste, thereby permanently shutting down the state's two nuclear power plants: Yankee and Pilgrim. Question 4, as the initiative became known, posed an unprecedented challenge for the state's six major utilities. Essentially, Question 4 was defeated for two reasons: compelling arguments and a well-founded strategy for communicating those arguments. O