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Obama, Racism, and Evangelicals
October 31, 2008 by Taylor Marshall
Filed under Faith, Headlines, Politics
The Wall Street Journal has an interesting article entitled "The Obama Dilemma" by WILFRED M. MCCLAY
McClay notes that Obama supporters are already asserting that an Obama loss on Tuesday will be accounted for by American racism, particularly Evangelical Christian racism.
Slate columnist Jacob Weisberg has already published the indictment pre-emptively, in an Aug. 23 article subtly titled "If Obama Loses, Racism is the Only Reason McCain Might Beat Him." Nowhere will this charge be made more angrily than against the evangelical Protestant community.
Is it okay to be a one issue voter when it comes to abortion?
October 31, 2008 by Taylor Marshall
Filed under Headlines, Politics
This post is back by popular demand:
A reader of this blog has recently left a comment appealing to the other readers with the following words about single issue voting:
Please, please…don't let one single issue [abortion] be your deciding factor. I don't believe in abortion either, but this election is truly about much, much more than that.
I've been hearing this a lot from the left. For some reason "single issue" voting is seen as being shallow. Well, let me put it this way: Would it be okay for Germans to vote for Hitler because his "election was truly about much, much more than that" when his platform included the state-supported murder of Jews? Would it be okay to vote against Hitler simply because one objected to killing people based on creed or race? What if you agree with Hitler on national pride, unity, health care, tax structures, schooling, etc. Should one ignore the one important issue and vote for Hitler because "we agree on everything else?"
Barack Obama says it's okay to kill infants and wants to use my tax money to assist in that diabolical practice. This one issue – the right for a human being to have life – is the one issue that supports all other rights. If a child does not have the right to life, then he or she doesn't have the right to education, healthcare, etc.
How can any issue in this election be "much more" important than that?
Think about all the babies that have been killed. Can a war in a Iraq, gas prices, health care, or mortgages be more important than a single issue when that issue is the fundamental issue for all human beings?
We're looking into the eyes of manifest evil. You have a vote. Vote to end the evil.
Exhaustive list of Catholic bishops condemning voting for pro-aborts
October 30, 2008 by Taylor Marshall
Filed under Faith, Headlines, Politics
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Are you Catholic? Are you voting next week? Then you need to know that your bishops have condemned voting for candidates who support legalized abortion as part of their political platform. Can anyone dare stand against them or defy the living magisterium Catholic Church?
Behold the List of Catholic-Bishops-Against-Pro-Abortion-Candidates:
Cardinal Francis George OMI of Chicago (USCCB president; 15 Oct)
Cardinal Edward Egan of New York (23 Oct)
Cardinal Justin Rigali of Philadelphia (USCCB Pro-Life Chair; 23 Oct, 12 Sept)
Archbishop Daniel Buechlein OSB of Indianapolis (3 Oct)
Archbishop Eusebius Beltran of Oklahoma City (5 Oct)
Archbishop Michael Sheehan of Santa Fe (8 Oct)
Archbishop Charles Chaput OFM Cap. of Denver (18 Oct)
Archbishop Alfred Hughes of New Orleans (11 Oct)
Archbishop Timothy Dolan of Milwaukee (28 Sep)
Archbishop Joseph Naumann of Kansas City in Kansas (8 Sept)
Archbishop Jose Gomez of San Antonio (10 Oct)
Archbishop John Nienstedt of Saint Paul and Minneapolis (19 Oct)
Bishop Patrick Zurek of Amarillo (24 Sept)
Bishop Robert Vasa of Baker (16 Oct)
Bishop Robert Baker of Birmingham (20 Oct)
Bishop William Lori of Bridgeport (USCCB Doctrine Chair; 28 Sept)
Bishop Joseph Galante of Camden (6 Oct)
Bishop Peter Jugis of Charlotte (26 Oct)
Bishop Michael Sheridan of Colorado Springs (17 Oct)
Bishop Kevin Farrell of Dallas (8 Oct)
Bishop Samuel Aquila of Fargo (23 Oct; 8 Oct)
Bishop Kevin Vann of Fort Worth (8 Oct)
Bishop David Ricken of Green Bay (17 Oct)
Bishop Larry Silva of Honolulu (20 Oct)
Bishop Jerome Listecki of La Crosse
Bishop William Higi of Lafayette in Indiana (28 Sept)
Bishop Glen John Provost of Lake Charles (7 Oct)
Bishop Earl Boyea of Lansing (22 Oct)
Bishop Robert Morlino of Madison (16 Oct)
Bishop Alexander Sample of Marquette (17 Oct)
Bishop Arthur Serratelli of Paterson (15 Oct)
Bishop Thomas Olmsted of Phoenix (18 Sept)
Bishop David Zubik of Pittsburgh (28 Oct)
Bishop Thomas Tobin of Providence (29 Oct)
Bishop Michael Burbidge of Raleigh (26 Oct)
Bishop Thomas Doran of Rockford (24 Oct)
Bishop Paul Coakley of Salina (17 Oct)
Bishop Joseph Martino of Scranton (30 Sept; 19 Oct)
Bishop Walker Nickless of Sioux City (4 Sept; 23 Oct)
Bishop Timothy McDonnell of Springfield in Massachusetts (3 Oct)
Bishop Leonard Blair of Toledo (3 Oct)
Bishop J. Vann Johnston of Springfield-Cape Girardeau (3 Oct; 26 Sept)
Bishop Robert Hermann, archdiocesan administrator of St Louis (17 Oct; 24 Oct)
Bishop Robert Finn of Kansas City-St Joseph (17 Oct; 8 Sept)
Bishop Paul Swain of Sioux Falls (2 Oct)
Bishop Gerald Barbarito of Palm Beach (24 Oct)
Bishop Michael Jackels of Wichita (24 Oct)
Bishop Bernard Harrington of Winona (2 Oct)
Bishop Robert McManus of Worcester (24 Oct)
Bishops of Florida (7 diocesans, 2 auxiliaries; 15 Sep)
Bishops of Kansas (4 diocesans; 2006 statement reissued 15 Aug 2008)
Bishops of New York State (8 diocesans, 11 auxiliaries; 1 Oct)
Bishops of Pennsylvania (7 diocesans, 6 auxiliaries; 10 Oct)
Bishops of Virginia (2 diocesans; 1 Oct)
(Source: Whispers in the Loggia.)
Practicing Wealth Redistribution (Humor)
October 30, 2008 by Taylor Marshall
Filed under Culture, Headlines, Politics
We need to start practicing for the future of our country…
Here is a creative approach to redistribution of wealth as offered in a local newspaper…
Today on my way to lunch I passed a homeless guy with a sign that read 'Vote Obama, I need the money.' I laughed.
Once in the restaurant my server had on a 'Obama 08′ tie, again I laughed as he had given away his political preference–just imagine the coincidence.
When the bill came I decided not to tip the server and explained to him that I was exploring the Obama redistribution of wealth concept. He stood there in disbelief while I told him that I was going to redistribute his tip to someone who I deemed to be more in need–the homeless guy outside.
The server angrily stormed out from my sight.
I went outside, gave the homeless guy $10 and told him to thank the server inside as I've decided he could use the money more. The homeless guy was very grateful.
At the end of my rather unscientific redistribution experiment I realized the homeless guy was grateful for the money he did not earn, but the waiter was pretty angry that I gave away the money he did earn even though the actual recipient deserved money more.
I guess redistribution of wealth is an easier thing to swallow in concept than in practical application.
Poverty and Christian Responsibility (Video)
October 29, 2008 by David Stotts
Filed under Culture, Faith, Headlines
Christian and American Contributor David Stotts recently put together a video on ministry to the poor with the Acton Institute. Here's David's intro to the video. If you scroll down you can watch the embedded video:
We all fall for slick packaging. I do it on a regular basis. And as the father of 3 kids, I routinely find myself throwing boatloads of fancy boxes away after a birthday party – the contents of which looked far better (and way more fun) inside the box.
It reminds me of Barack Obama. His packaging is slick. His rhetoric is beguiling. And thousands of my fellow Christians are buying it.
For months now I've marveled at how Obama's ad execs in the mainstream news media have lost all shame in their relentless effort to find fresh new ways to make him appear moderate. But it's not just the MSM. Obama himself is supremely skilled at packaging himself, especially on economic issues, only rarely letting down his guard like he did recently in Ohio with Joe the Plumber. Subsequently, he has doubled down on his "spread the wealth" comment almost as if he knows now is the time America might finally be willing to swallow the bitter pill of socialist economic policies. Hey, we let Congress do it, why not our President?
Americans are a compassionate people and by far the most generous in the world measured by charitable giving as a percentage of our GDP. Our giving, 1.67% of the country's GDP, is twice that of the next most charitable country, the UK. Along comes Obama and the Democrats who know their audience and are far more skilled than anyone on the Republican side at convincing voters that theirs are the most compassionate, most generous economic policies. And thousands of Christians, be they mushy Emergent types or even traditional Christians who simply want to vote for the guy most like Jesus, are being seduced – even to the extent they're willing to wink at the most radical abortion policies any American Presidential candidate has ever espoused.
It's time conservatives learn how to reframe the debate on economic policy. We need to learn the right way to expose the contents of the Left's "economic policy" packaging as simply band-aids at best…and at worst, destructive policies that actually destroy families.
This video is a starting point in learning how to do that. It is intended to challenge the assumptions of good, honest Christian voters who are intending to vote for Obama on the basis that his economic policies are more compassionate. Shouldn't our goal be not simply to feel compassionate, but instead actually be more effective in assisting the poor?
Press play to watch video:
What do you think? Please share your thoughts in the comments below.
Karl Marx on "How to Tax the Populace"
October 28, 2008 by Taylor Marshall
Filed under Culture, Headlines, Politics
Lately, many have compared Barack Obama's tax plans to the political philosophy of Karl Marx, the father of the atheistic communism. Below is an interest quote as it speaks to taxation.
"Take from each, according to his ability. Give to each, according to his need."
- Karl Marx
Here are some extra quotes from Marx for good measure:
"Religion is the impotence of the human mind to deal with occurrences it cannot understand."
"Religion is the opium of the masses.""Religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the heart of a heartless world, and the soul of soulless conditions. It is the opium of the people."
- Karl Marx
Two African American bishops and abortion
October 27, 2008 by Eric James Wilson
Filed under Culture, Headlines, Politics
An interesting juxtaposition emerged this week from the statements of two African American bishops on the abortion issue. First, Bishop Martin Holley, Auxiliary Bishop of the Archdiocese of Washington, released a statement last week responding to a Guttmacher Institute (named for Alan Guttmacher, former president of Planned Parenthood and former vice-president of the American Eugenics Society) survey which found black women in the U.S. abort pregnancies at a rate five times that of white women.
Bishop Holley, who is chair of the African American Subcommittee of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB), wrote,
As an African American, I am saddened by evidence that Black women continue to be targeted by the abortion industry. The loss of any child from abortion is a tragedy, but we must ask: Why are minority children being aborted at such disproportionate rates?
Many African Americans are not aware that since the Roe v. Wade decision legalized abortion throughout all 9 months of pregnancy, the number one cause of death in the African American community has been abortion. We have lost over 13 million lives. To put that in perspective, it is one third of our present Black population. Since 1973, twice as many Black Americans have died from abortion than from AIDS, accidents, violent crimes, cancer, and heart disease combined.
These fact are particularly alarming given the roots of Planned Parenthood, the nation's number one abortion provider, which sprung from the American Eugenics Movement in the early 20th Century. Eugenicists, like the founder of Planned Parenthood, Margaret Sanger, sought to prevent the procreation of "unfit" and "undesirable" elements of society, which for these racists, included African Americans and immigrants.
Although most Americans have forgotten the sinister aims of the birth control and abortion movements, the Guttmacher study – the research arm of Margaret Sanger's Planned Parenthood – reveals they are succeeding in their mission of "racial betterment."
Counseling the African American community, Bishop Holley writes further, "our legitimate commitment to other social concerns must not push the primary moral issue of abortion onto the back burner. It clearly must be at the heart and center of our discussion of the survival of African American people.
Compare this very clear statement about the urgency with which Catholics must address the issue of legalized abortion in the United States with remarks made by Bishop Terry Steib of Memphis, who stated "we [Catholics] cannot be a one issue people." This statement was heralded by the liberal newspaper the National Catholic Reporter as a rejection of the teaching promoted by many American bishops that faithful Catholics must not vote for pro-abortion candidates.
However, a careful reading of Bishop Steib's remarks reveals his point is more nuanced than the Reporter and other liberal Catholic groups would like. One might interpret his statement is intended to counsel black Catholics against voting for Sen. Barack Obama simply because he is black. For example, Bishop Steib writes,
"according to our Holy Father, we disciples of Jesus cannot remain on the sidelines in the fight for justice; this means that we must be part of the game. However, politics is not just a game; it is instead a part of the commonwealth of our lives…But if we are to be involved in the political process by voting, then we must have formed our consciences well."
Bishop Steib further cautions that "it is much easier to choose because of personality rather than the content of character. It is easier to say 'I just like him or her; he or she is one of us' rather than to ponder, reflect, and pray for our choice prudently."
Quoting the USCCB's Faithful Citizenship document, he advises the faithful that
There may be times when a Catholic who rejects a candidate's unacceptable position may decide to vote for that candidate for other morally grave reasons. Voting in this way would be permissible only for truly grave moral reasons, not to advance narrow interests or partisan preferences or to ignore a fundamental moral evil.
Catholics believe abortion to be a fundamental moral evil and Sen. Obama has promised to make abortion a civil right, if elected, and expand access to abortions. Is Sen. McCain completely in line with all Church teachings? Clearly not, but he does support the overturning of Roe v. Wade, which made abortion legal throughout all nine months of pregnancy in all 50 states.
Eric writes a column for the Washington, D.C. version of Examiner.com to read his other writing, visit http://www.examiner.com/x-970-DC-Catholic-Examiner.
Cardinal Rigali warns against voting for Pro-Abortion candidate
October 24, 2008 by Taylor Marshall
Filed under Faith, Headlines, Politics
Another Catholic bishop has spoken out against Catholics voting for pro-abortion candidates, this time its a cardinal!
The Catholic hierarchy is teaching with a united voice that faithful Catholics cannot and must not vote for "pro-choice" candidates for political office. The Pope has stated it and the American bishops are repeating it. To vote for a "pro-choice" candidate is to deny the fundamental doctrine of Catholicism: that man is made in the image of God and as such has a right to life from the moment of conception.
Justin Cardinal Rigali is the Archbishop Emeritus of Philadelphia. You can read his full statement here: Faithful Citizenship and Respect for Life.
At this moment in our country's history, defense of innocent human life is a moral responsibility for all of us. The same God who thundered from Mount Sinai: "Thou shalt not kill," thunders still. When life in the womb is destroyed, God thunders: "This is a child!" When by the most barbaric means, unworthy of any civilized people, the brain of a child is sucked out of his or her head by a vacuum, God thunders: "This is a child!" When a baby is left to die of exposure on a shelf because of a failed abortion, and this is considered a "right" by any leader, God, the Source of all law and authority, thunders: "This is a child!" When we are faced with every modern means of education and communication, in addition to the law placed in our hearts at creation, no one, and most especially, no Catholic, can ever say: "I did not know."
Hat tip: Clint Rain
Al Franken the Anti-Christian runs for Senate
October 23, 2008 by Taylor Marshall
Filed under Headlines, Politics
Christian Americans of every stripe should write a thank you note to Katherine Kersten. As you may know, Al Franken (aka Stuart Smalley of Saturday Night Live fame) is running for Senate. The man is Anti-Christian in the worst way. Ms. Kersten has done an excellent job highlighting Franken's immature and offensive comments against Christ and Christians.
If you live in Minnesota, you've got two weeks to prevent his election to the US Senate. Get to work.
The original article appeared in the Star Tribune:
Vulgar mockery of Christians: Is this what we want in a U.S. senator?
I get it — Al Franken is a serious senatorial candidate despite his penchant for the pornographic. Franken's one-liners about rape and oral sex and his leering fantasies about big-busted women were just for yucks, right?
Last June, DFL bigwigs chose to forget about their man's decades-long record of sexual crudity after he hooked the endorsement by putting on a serious face and saying "sorry" at the party's convention.
But Franken didn't apologize for another aspect of his trash-talking shtick. He's aimed some of his most offensive material at religious believers, particularly Christians.
Why hasn't this been aired in public? We in the press are too busy searching through Sarah Palin's junior high yearbooks and tracking down the filing dates of Joe the Plumber's tax returns.
Meanwhile, Franken gets a pass for making a joke of the life and death of Jesus Christ.
Franken finds Christ's crucifixion to be a barrel of laughs. For example, in his 1999 book, "Why Not Me?" he wrote about his discovery — as a fictional former president — of "the complete skeleton of Jesus Christ still nailed to the cross" during an archeological dig. At the Franken Presidential Library gift shop, visitors can buy "small pieces of Jesus' skeleton."
"We would like to display Jesus' skeleton at some future point," Franken went on. "It's merely a matter of designing and building an exhibition space … . Until then he's very comfortable in a box down in our basement near the geothermal power station."
Very funny. Anybody want to try a joke like that about Mohammed?
Franken also wrote a Saturday Night Live monologue for Jesus Christ that appeared in a magazine. After poking fun at Christians' belief that Jesus was both God and man, he had Christ speculate on having the hots for Mary Magdalene:
"If Mary Magdalene looked like Barbara Hershey, I might have thought twice about this celibacy thing. I mean, the real Mary Magdalene was about four foot two, 135 pounds. And with bad teeth yet."
In Franken's world, God has a mouth as foul as Franken's. In one book, he has God refer to books about liberal media bias as "total bullsh*t." Later, he describes God as having his head "up his a**."
But Franken saves his sharpest barbs for those weirdos, Catholics.
In 2006, he and a guest on his Air America radio show joked about Eucharistic communion wafers — sacred to Catholics as the body of Christ — and compared them to chips and guacamole. In "Dog Confessional," a proposed sketch for Saturday Night Live, Franken depicted "a series of dogs, played by cast members, confessing to a priest," according to the Washington Post. NBC refused to air it.
In another book, Franken described greeting a New York audience with the words, "Isn't Cardinal O'Connor an a**hole?"
Franken's campaign did not return a phone call seeking comment.
If a 12-year-old kid spouted this stuff in a schoolyard, he'd be hauled to the principal's office and told to grow up. But in today's surreal political climate, a guy who lobs insults like these has a shot at one the highest political offices in the land.
We're used to slanderers of Christianity getting government arts grants. But Franken wants more. He's asking us to send him to what's been called "the most exclusive club in the world" — and to serve us there until 2014.
Our nation's founders wanted the Senate — as Congress' upper house — to balance with a sober, long-term perspective the much more numerous House of Representatives, whose members serve only two-year terms and are supposed to reflect the people's shifting sentiments. Senators serve six-year terms, and were intended to be the nation's wisest councilors — equipped to discern and protect the country's broad, enduring interests.
"The use of the Senate," explained James Madison in 1787, "is to consist in proceeding with more coolness, with more system, and with more wisdom, than the popular branch."
For this reason, the Constitution entrusts the Senate with unique powers — its members conduct impeachment trials, make treaties, and give the president advice and consent on important appointments, including Cabinet secretaries, ambassadors and federal judicial nominees with lifetime tenure.
A Minnesota senator represents the whole state, not a smaller, relatively homogeneous congressional district, as House members do.
If Franken is elected, can he represent all the people of Minnesota — including Christians — for whom he has repeatedly shown disdain?
The original article appeared in the Star Tribune:
Vulgar mockery of Christians: Is this what we want in a U.S. senator?
Tom Coburn: Why I voted for the bailout
October 22, 2008 by Taylor Marshall
Filed under Politics
There I are few US Senators that I respect, but I do respect Tom Coburn. Read his "Why I voted for the bailout" at Forbes.
One of the challenges of dealing with an economic crisis during campaign season is that when politicians and commentators use hyperbole and politically expedient rhetoric to bash "unregulated markets" and "Wall Street greed" they end up undermining not just confidence in George Bush's policies or the Reagan legacy, but the fundamentals of our free market system. Campaigns, after all, don't do subtlety. If one side can find an advantage, it's easier to throw the proverbial baby out with the bathwater.


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Home | Welcome | Refunds,Rules, Lottery | Race Info | Course Info | Results | Photos | Misc | ||||||
Join us for the 27th Annual 50K HAT Run | 9 AM Saturday March 21, 2015 | Susquehanna State Park, Maryland Registration: Wailistregistration has started! Sign up before the price increase. Here is the link to register. The Steppingstone Museum is located at | 461 Quaker Bottom Rd | Havre de Grace, MD 21078 |
Contact Information | |||||
Status:2014 Results at WebScorer.com 2014 Photo links: Photos by Shawn Bowman | Photos by Rob Bartholomew Check out the HAT Run FaceBook page for more: https://www.facebook.com/HATRun NOTE: Revised rules and cut off times for the HAT Run are available here. The great finishers swag was producted by USimprints.com (Imperiel pint glass and bar towel) |
Jeff Hinte: E-Mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Mobile: 410-322-6158 SkypeIn: jlhinte |
ResourcesPerry Ligon's 2014 race report 2013 Results | 2013 Age Groups | Photos 2012 Results Under gray skies and a pre start downpour that carried on for the first 5 miles 450 runners towed the starting line for the 24th HAT Run. Light showers continued on and off for the day. Trails that were perfect under near 80 degrees temps on Friday were slick and treacherous on Saturday. However that did deter first time HAT runner and first time ultra runner from nearly breaking four hours. Caleb Masland in his first race over the a marathon (which his current PR is 2:35) from leading the race from start to finish. His early lead of 20 minutes was slowly whittled down by a number of veterans but by not enough. Congratulations to the 391 finishers - under somewhat miserable conditions - but a great day to run!In the womens race Kristin van Eron lead the womens field from the start as well. Second place finisher Jacqueline Palmer closed down a 5 minute gap and came within 36 seconds of Kristin. Megan McNew rounded out the top three women- all were under 5 hours. 2012 Age Group Results with splits 2011 Results | 2011 Age Group Results | 2011 Photos The 2010 Results ---- 2010 Photos Andy O'Brien's 2010 race account | Steve Speirs' 2010 race account | Matt Frazier's video account | The HAT Run Theme song written and performed by local artist and HAT runner Danny McDonnell. The 20th Annual HAT Run was featured in TrailRunner Magazine.The article was writen by runner Barry Lewis and photos by runnerGeoff Baker. The article has been provided courtesy of TrailRunner Magazine. Race day photos by Geoff Baker are available for sale. HAT Run video by Geoff Baker. Great way to experience the HAT Run if you haven't ran it. GPS route of the entire HAT Run course for Google Earth | GPS Route of just the 3.6 mile starting loop |
Tim Gavin: E-Mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Phone: 410-652-9829

subset: commoncrawl


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Advisor Updates
Updates are posted to this Web site during the academic year. Sign up for the Marketing and Cooperative Education List Serve to receive weekly updates that are not posted.
Fall Update
- Calendar of Events
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- Membership Campaign Information
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- Online Roster Instructions (Due: November 1)


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At the start of mission 4 (No Hope in Hadley's) you encounter several vehicles on the path to the colony. The first is a stranded 8-wheeled Daihotai Tractor, which is seen in the special edition of Aliens being driven by Newt's family as they go to investigate the The Derelict. The second vehicle is an M577 Armoured Personnel Carrier, as driven by Ripley in the film.
When you reach the colony itself, you can see a faithful recreation of the Hadley's Hope (pop. 158) sign amongst the wreckage, complete with the "Have a nice day!" graffiti across the top.
There are a couple of locations in the game where you can find a Weyland-Yutani branded low-slung tricycle. The first one is in the hidden Easter egg room mentioned previously, and the second is in a side room to the left of the corridor after you enter Hadley's Hope in mission 4.
This tricycle is seen near the beginning of the special edition, when a child is told off for racing it down a corridor onboard Gateway Station. A similar tricycle can be seen in The Terminator, which was also directed by James Cameron.
After entering Hadley's Hope for the first time, go to the side room on the left of the corridor (where the tricycle is) and listen to the audio log. The voice is Ann Jorden (Newt's mother) relaying events seen in the special edition, where her husband Russ is implanted by a facehugger while investigating The Derelict.
Towards the end of the recording you hear Newt herself speak, saying her father is waiting for them in the cafeteria. As he was implanted with a chestburster at this point, this is most likely the source of the Xenomorph infestation that wiped out the colony.
As you move on through Hadley's you pick up something on your motion tracker, though after investigation this turns out to be a false positive of "somebody's lost blanket" hanging down from a ceiling fan. As Newt was hiding in the air ducts this almost certainly belongs to her.
While exploring Hadley's Hope you'll come across two sentry turrets protecting a corridor, one of which is completely out of ammo and the other is down to the final few bullets. These are seen in the special edition of the film, where a xenomorph attack is thwarted by the guns moments before their munitions supply runs out.
The ammo count displayed on the sentry turrets is meant to correspond with the film, however the readouts in the game show 04 and 000 whereas in the film the amounts are actually 010 and 000 - perhaps a few more bullets were fired before you arrived...


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Mackenzie Kinney and Dana Bokma from Nikky's Dance Studio located in Smethport are pictured receiving their platinum award and first place overall at StarQuest International in Youngstown, Ohio. The competition team competed eight numbers (receiving four platinums, three high golds and a gold) out of over 500 numbers entered. The team also received a third, fourth, and fifth overall, a Fusion award out of all petite and junior duets, along with several special awards-- "Smiles for Miles," "Personality Plus" and "Beautiful Storytelling" awards.
The Rev. Philip Pinczewski (right), pastor of St. Callistus Catholic Church in Kane, places ashes on the forehead of Tom Brinkley (left) of Kane during Ash Wednesday Mass at the church. For Christians around the world, Ash Wednesday marks the start Lent. The Lenten season is marked by fasting, prayer and the abstinence from meat in preparation for Easter on Sunday, March 31. The ashes, blessed by a priest, consist of burned palms from the previous Palm Sunday.
Kane Lions Club showing three generations of Lions from the same family. On the far right is Jim Marconi, patriarch of the group, center is Nick Perry, new Lions Club member and grandson of Jim, and on the left is Geoff Perry, son-in-law of Jim, and father of Nick. Nick was inducted into the club on Feb. 5 following a chili dinner prepared by Mark Battista and Rick Stears.
Kane Daisy and Brownie Troop #26521 visited the Kane Volunteer Fire Department on Feb. 2. First Assistant Chief Tim Lehman discussed fire safety and gave a tour, and Lieutenant on Truck 56 Zack Holt demonstrated how to put on and use the gear necessary to respond to a scene. Seated in the back from left to right are: Alexis Morgan, Kate Parana, Jayna Johnson, Mya Berry, and Paige Lehman; front row, First Assistant Chief Tim Lehman and Kylie Housler.
The Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA) of Bradford began a four-week anti-bullying program Thursday at the Kane Area Community Center. Jill Alane Moore (left), a representative of the YWCA Victims' Resource Center, is presenting the free program for students and their parents. Michelle Palmer (right) is the executive director of the community center. During the four classes, students will be led through activities to help them understand that bullying is not proper conduct. The classes begin at 3:15 p.m. every Thursday in February at the community center.
Ben Walter, a first grader from Mrs. Julie Boyer's class has done what no other first grader has this academic year. He recently achieved AR 100 Club status at the Kane Elementary/ Middle School by reading and enjoying over 100 books and successfully completing computerized comprehension tests. Ben is so exited about his achievement that he is aiming to reach the AR 200 Club. Besides reading books in his favorite series Fly Guy, Ben loves science class and playing his Wii, as well as eating his favorite food, pizza.
These students at the Kane Elementary School have won prizes for completing their "read and respond" homework under the school's "Success For All" (SFA) reading program. The students include, left to right: Kayin Bard, kindergarten; Merry Peterson, first grade; Maggie Johnson, second grade; and Max Bizzak, third grade. Missing from the photo are prize-winners Douglas Graves, fourth grade; and Jeannine Beane, fifth grade. When students complete their SFA homework, they receive a ticket for a chance to win a prize. This month's rewards are gift certificates from Pepe's Pizzeria of Kane.
Kane Area Middle School Students of the Month for January. Front row, from left to right, Mackenzie Edinger, Eric Tudor, and Raychel Keller; back row, from left to right, Christgin Spade, Dana Swartwood, and Raymond Maze.
Jillian Watts, daughter of Jackie and Lowell Watts of Kane, is the first member of the AR 100 Club for the 2012-13 school year. Her accomplishment documents the reading of 100 Accelerated Reader selections and the successful completion of 100 comprehension tests. Jillian especially enjoys her specialty classes at school which include music, physical education, and library visitations. When not reading, she can be found at home eating her favorite spaghetti and sauce or watching her chickens. Jillian is currently a student in Mrs. Pamela Karlene's second grade class.
Students-of-the-Month for December have been selected at the Kane Elementary School. The honored students include, left to right: Jeanine Beane, fifth grade; Emilie Dinger, fourth grade; Andrew Jekielek, third grade; Samantha Tudor, second grade; Jess Stear, first grade; and Addy Zampogna, kindergarten. The students are holding their certificates from the Kane Elks Lodge, which sponsors the student-of-the-month program at the school.


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New Year's Eve Salad Plates, Set of 4
No longer available
Like antique clock faces, these plates bring to mind the passage of time. They make a thoughtful hostess gift and come packaged in a hat box.
Plate: 8.25" diameter, 1" high
Made of stoneware with an on-glaze decal.
Comes in PB specialty hatbox packaging, great for gift giving.
Microwave- and dishwasher-safe.
Set of 4.


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Arts: Botanical Drawings for the Digital Age
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Macoto Murayama can spend months on one of his botanical illustrations, and when he's done, the plant looks like something that blossomed in outer space. First, he dissects his subject with a scalpel, from stamen to sepal. Then he sketches and photographs each component with the help of a basic microscope and magnifying glass. Once it's all composited with 3ds Max and Photoshop, the resulting images seem equal parts x-ray and autopsy.
"There's an overwhelming charm in the detailed drawings of both plants and machines," Murayama says. "Machines have an organic side, while plants have a mechanical side." In some of his pieces, labels and measurement scales hint at traditional botanical sketches. On others, the ghostly skeletons and hypnotic symmetries speak for themselves.
Inkjet on paper (white film)


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IT IS not every day that a former prime minister comes to Acireale, a town of 50,000 near Catania in Sicily. Yet when Massimo D'Alema, a leading figure in the centre-left Democratic Party (PD) who ran Italy's 1998-2000 government, began a rally in a cinema, he faced many empty seats. A thousand kilometres north in Schio, with a population of 40,000, the turnout for the Northern League was worse. In this wool town, encircled by the Little Dolomites, a League meeting attracted fewer than 30 people.
Two different parties, but a common problem for the election due on February 24th and February 25th: the public's disenchantment with mainstream politics. This boosts the Five Star Movement (M5S) of Beppe Grillo, an ex-comedian. A poll on February 19th suggested that 30% of the electorate had not decided how to vote. The same day, Mr Grillo drew tens of thousands to a rally in Milan's central square.
Sicily and Veneto are among four big regions where the left and the right are neck-and-neck. That is striking since both are traditional bulwarks of conservatism. Silvio Berlusconi's comeback since retaking the leadership of his People of Freedom (PdL) movement in December has obscured the right's current troubles, which mean that he has little chance of winning an outright majority next week. Two years ago, for instance, a League-PdL ticket took over 60% of the vote in a regional election in Veneto. The latest polls give them just 37-38%.
Voting for the League has long been a way of venting frustration. Veneto's army of small firms feel that their region's needs are neglected, if not thwarted, by Rome. That sentiment, says Andrea Tomat, head of the regional branch of the bosses' club, Confindustria, has never been stronger. "The scandals, the serious economic crisis faced by the country and the failure of the state to modernise and become more efficient, all contribute to a powerful sense of disillusion and a feeling of disorientation," he says. It is Mr Grillo, says Roberto Papetti, editor of the region's main daily, Il Gazzettino, who is harvesting the protest vote.
In Sicily too, people feel neglected by the state. Umpteen promises to build a bridge to the mainland have gone unfulfilled. Travelling by rail between the two main cities, Palermo and Catania, can take over five hours. In this region the M5S seems to attract support among the young and drains votes at least as much from the left as the right. "Grillo is a problem", says Giuseppe Castiglione, the PdL's regional co-ordinator. "He's tapping into a section of our potential electorate: young, upper-middle class electors with professional qualifications." His concerns are echoed by Giuseppe Beretta, a PD deputy. His party's biggest challenge, he says, is to "to give people hope and faith in politics".
Sicily's history suggests this is no small task. In 2008 Mr Berlusconi's party joined forces with a local group led by Raffaele Lombardo. Their pact won the governorship for Mr Lombardo. But in-fighting soon broke out and Mr Lombardo realigned with the left. He resigned last year amid claims of helping the Mafia. In the subsequent election, the centre-left took the governorship. Since then, more than a tenth of the region's lawmakers have switched allegiance to the new masters. Mr Lombardo jokes that "the biggest group in [Sicily's] parliament will soon be the turncoats". Yet he himself is back with the right.
Cynicism about Italian politics poses two threats to future stability—and thus to the euro. One is that Mr Grillo's movement takes enough seats to stop either main alliance from controlling the Senate (where, unlike in the lower house, the winning coalition is not guaranteed a majority). Since the upper house has equal powers, that could mean stalemate. Mr Grillo says he will not join any coalition, so he could force a fresh election.
But a more plausible destabilising outcome is a government with a bare majority, at the mercy of a handful of senators with flexible allegiances. Mr Lombardo, who says that his zigzagging was intended only to win more autonomy for Sicily, hopes that he and his allies get two or three seats "which will be worth gold in the next legislature".


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This decoy could deliver a winner
Wednesday, February 20, 2013
WASHINGTON — Republicans spent the weekend trumpeting shock and outrage over President Obama's leaked "backup plan" on immigration. In dysfunctional Washington, this means that prospects for comprehensive reform — including what amounts to an amnesty for the undocumented — are getting brighter.
So a bipartisan group of eight senators, led by Rubio, has been working to develop a comprehensive reform package that would provide some kind of legal status for the 11 million migrants who are here without papers.
Enter the president's draft proposal, which administration officials described as a "backup" plan that Obama may put forward if Congress is not able to reach agreement.
In other words, this isn't so much about what is being proposed. The bigger factor is who's proposing it — as former House Speaker Newt Gingrich acknowledged Sunday on ABC's "This Week."


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Translate this page Firefighters, co-workers donate holiday meals to show appreciation for Marine familiesThursday, January 3rd, 2013 Issue 01, Volume 17.
Led by Ben Lian and Matt Lindsey, firefighters and administrative staff that work for North County Fire donated enough money for 20 family meals to be provided through Albertsons. In addition, the store contributed another five prime rib Advertisement The meals were delivered to the military families on Sunday, Dec. 23. "The Fallbrook Firefighters Association wanted to recognize these military families who may have a parent deployed during Christmas and show them a small token of appreciation for everything they do," said Lindsey. 0 comments Be the first to share your opinion on this article!
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We have identified a novel mouse gene, Usp2, encoding two ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) due to alternate splicing of 5' exons. Usp2-45 consists of 396 amino acids (45.2 kDa), while Usp2-69 is 619 amino acids (69.5 kDa). Usp2-69 results from the splicing of different combinations of untranslated 5' exons (1A, 1B, 1C) onto exon 1D and the 40-kDa catalytic core (exons 3-13), while Usp2-45 has exon 2 spliced onto the core. The catalytic core contains the highly conserved motifs of the UBP family of deubiquitinating enzymes. We can find no evidence for a reported 41-kDa isoform (UBP41) in any sequence databases. Usp2-69 is able to form a complex with Usp2-45 and with itself. Antibodies raised against the catalytic core recognized a 69-kDa protein, but did not detect a 45-kDa protein in mouse tissues. Using Northern blot, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry, Usp2 expression was observed in many adult and embryonic tissues including testis, heart, skeletal muscle, diaphragm, brain, kidney, liver, pancreas, lung, and skin. Both Usp2 isoforms were localized to the cytoplasm when overexpressed in COS-7 and NIH3T3 cells. The Usp2 expression pattern indicates that this protein might be involved in specific processes in different types of cells, especially those that are differentiating, and that its function is not restricted to a development of a particular organ.
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Boys Basic Bed Skirt
No longer available
- Overview
Add bold color and tailored style to the bed. The navy cotton twill design features box pleats for a clean look that works in rooms for boys of any age.
- Pure cotton percale.
- 200-thread count.
- Pure cotton decking.
- Tailored with split corners for easy placement around bedposts.
- Machine wash.
- Imported.
- Dimensions & Care
- Made of 100% cotton percale. A percale weave is noticeably denser and wears well over time.
- Three-sided skirt fits around the sides and foot of the bed.
- Twin: 39 x 76"
- Full: 54 x 76"
- Queen: 60" x 80"
- Drop Length: 16"
- Machine wash in warm water; gentle cycle.
- Use only nonchlorine bleach, if needed.
- Tumble dry on low heat.
- Warm iron as needed.
- Shipping Info
Please allow 5-7 business days for delivery. Delivery estimate includes monogrammed and gift-wrapped items.
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PBK Down Alternative Bedding
$49 – $149
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Hi all,
I was hoovering my 09 fiesta zetec yesterday and realised that there was a little water getting pulled through the carpet in the drivers side footwell and the passenger footwell behind the drivers seat.
In the front divers footwell there is a slit in the carpet and on putting my hand through this the floor under the carpet is absolutely soaking. Is this normal? Has anyone else had this problem?
All help greatly appreciated.


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Nike SB Bruin SE "Game Royal" by Patrick Johnson 0 Comments
April 19, 2012 BY Aaron Hope / 2
Nike Sportswear has a new model called the Gyle on the way that offers a nod to its classic styling, but we haven't seen a new Bruin lowtop from the Swoosh skateboarding division in a couple of months. That changes with this new Nike SB Zoom Bruin in Neutral Olive and Mint, a model whose two main colors are both fairly neutral and happen to balance each other out quite nicely, yet have to this point been rarely paired despite the major brands' recent attention to wardrobe friendly designs like these. And that's exactly what the Zoom-cushioned Bruin from Nike SB is all about: combining classic style with a modern fastidious approach; find yours at select retailers like Premier.
Nike SB Zoom Bruin
Neutral Olive/Mint-Gum Light Brown
Filed under: Just Released Nike SB Skate
Tags: Nike SB Zoom Bruin
Nike SB Bruin SE "Game Royal" by Patrick Johnson 0 Comments
Nike SB Bruin SE "Team Red" by Brendan Dunne 0 Comments
Nike SB Presents the SE Pack by Brendan Dunne 0 Comments
Nike SB April 2014 Footwear by Aaron Hope 3 Comments
Nike SB Zoom Bruin Premium SE – Black – Base Grey by Aaron Hope 0 Comments


text: Two small studded band rings, the front one adjustable, are joined by the 2 pyramids with the hinge over the knuckle. So this moves completely with the movement of the finger. Measures a total of 2 1/4" long and is curved to fit the shape of the finger. Available in both the bronze and silver. Made in NYC. By Pamela Love.


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Irons calls the lawsuit his "last stand," and if that description seems overwrought, step through the looking glass and consider what follows.
Fast-backward to June 3, 1994, a day the events of which, taken out of context, seem as incomprehensible as a police-union member trying to have the city's latest police chief arrested for carrying a gun.
The scene is a half-completed, two-story brick home in the Riverside Park neighborhood of southwestern Fort Lauderdale. Seventeen armed police officers, state revenue agents, code-enforcement inspectors, and an assistant state attorney step onto Sonny Irons' acre-and-a-half property with a search warrant after removing a padlock with a pair of bolt cutters.
Irons and his wife, Judy, are inside a shower house that stands apart from the home they're building. "Judy had just finished her morning run around the property and had taken off her bathing suit," Irons recalls. Specifically, he remembers Judy standing at the sink, plucking her eyebrows. "I think because I was in the shower at the time, my nine millimeter was on the back of the toilet."
Outside, the uniformed troops encounter the Irons' oldest son, John, who is wearing a holstered handgun similar to his father's. Judy hears John yelling and moves to the door of the shower house to see about the commotion.
"She was standing just outside the door there, and I could see all these police officers," Irons says. "They were all shouting at both of us to come out. Judy kept saying, 'But I'm naked!' They kept saying, 'Come out, just come out!'" He adds: "I was behind her, partially hidden."
After searching Irons the police allow both adults to get dressed, then escort them inside the house with their children and begin a five-hour search of the property. The time is approximately 9:30 a.m. Shortly after noon one officer leaves the scene to pick up several boxes of pizza. The authorities eat while they work.
A city building inspector presents Irons with a pair of citations for minor electrical code violations -- one of the violations for an extension cord not approved by Underwriters Laboratories. "When I was taken inside to receive the code violations, officer Diaz followed me and was standing behind me, and he said to me, 'You know, Sonny, how long have I known you?' I said, 'I don't know, Mario. A long time. Nine, ten, eleven years.' He said, 'You know, you and I have changed a lot in that time, but your wife still looks wonderful.'"
Meanwhile, Irons claims, another cop stood in front of him, slapping his nightstick against his palm. "I got the feeling they were trying to egg me on, make me say or do something that could be misconstrued as something aggressive," Irons says.
Officers who were on the scene say Irons invented the thuggish overtones and misinterpreted their comments. Facts not in dispute: the pizza; an unfulfilled threat by Sgt. Doris Siebert to remove Irons' youngest son, Prince, as a ward of the state; another threat to tow away the family's 53-foot salvage tug because it lacks Florida registration numbers. (Being foreign-registered, it required none.)
By midafternoon law-enforcement personnel begin to depart. They take with them a fax machine, computer, telephone answering machine, and several boxes of evidence. The evidence includes business records, because the search warrant had been issued by a judge as part of an investigation of sales-tax fraud related to Irons' home business.
But the "evidence" also includes several hundred documents relating directly to Irons' ongoing political activities: membership rosters of local civic associations, telephone lists of people who supported certain city commission candidates, page after page of addresses where campaign signs have been erected.
In a memorandum five months later, assistant state attorney Scott Dressler explained why he declined to prosecute Irons. The reason seemed simple. According to Dressler, Irons' most egregious criminal act was the apparent failure to pay the state $87.96 in sales taxes.
"It has been a year since the screaming, shaking, and cursing Fort Lauderdale police officers and other governmental officials forced their way onto our property and perpetrated an act as violent as rape on my family," Judy Irons wrote to the city commission in June 1995. "Our sons, who with their parents and neighbors have planted trees, cleaned filth from streets, constructed sidewalks, and attended hundreds of civic meetings, watched with horror as our police invaded every nook and cranny of their homestead, dumping clothes and files on floors, kicking and trampling their possessions in a futile effort to get something -- anything -- on their father."
"Violated" is how Sonny Irons says he felt after the raid.
Violated perhaps, but hardly defenseless. Within 48 hours of the event, according to Irons, his friend Jack Latona had introduced him to well-known civil rights lawyer Bruce Rogow.
So began the formal evolution of a conspiracy theory and of the present-day lawsuit, brought by the entire Irons family. The suit claims the City of Fort Lauderdale violated their first and fourth amendment rights under the U.S. Constitution -- rights to free expression and protection from unreasonable search and seizure. Given the strong personal ties between Latona and Irons, it's not surprising the commissioner was present in the birthing room of litigation.


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So I finally got my password and am back and blogging... and am so glad for that too!
Anyway... I really need some input here from all you good people.
The situation's not really new. Those of you who read my site at the former incarnation of Oasis (the late http://JustinesFingers.oasismag.com) may have noticed a few passing mentions about someone who I suspect is somewhat interested in me. Then again, if you followed my postings and never saw a thing like that, you can probably be excused as well. I've a habit of brushing things like that aside as a figment of my imagination when there's nothing really concrete to back it up.
By the way, for those of you who know: yep I'm still with Sara. Woo-hoo!! :)
So this is still how it stands between myself and Wynne. She's an old friend really, and yeah I'm quite comfortable around her. But I guess it's the sheer amount of physical contact that's been happening lately, that gets me a bit worried here. I'm not freaking out or anything because of it, but I think I should be doing something about it before it ends up hurting anyone. Things that complicate matters:
a) I'm not out to her
b) Sara's not out to her
c) I guess I don't mind coming out to her
d) but if I do, it's gonna be difficult not to out Sara as well
e) I don't want to get Wynne's hopes up either
f) I don't really know what Wynne thinks of all this gay stuff; even if she is, she's far from out.
g) All this might really be a product of my wonderful imagination after all.
But on the other hand I guess I know what it must feel like to have a crush on someone... and a gay crush at that, when you really haven't an idea how the other person is going to react. In that sense I want to help ease things a bit instead of stubbornly ignoring it. But what do you do when someone's crushing on you??
Oh by the way there's something else I need help with. If any of you for any reason has copies of anything I posted on pre-crash Oasis I'll be eternally grateful if you could share them with me... all this being on the move means that I don't have one fixed place in which I can safely store stuff like that. As a result I didn't back a single thing up and it's all gone now. So if you happen to have any of my stuff, please get in contact with me! The address is tenfingers at bigfoot dot com.


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Jason LyonsMay 1997 |
It's another month, is everybody smiling? Am I, you ask? Of course. Things have been pretty cool. I got sent out of town on business for a couple weeks, which was great. Spent some quality time with my friends in the big city. I saw a few movies this month; The Saint, Scream (I nearly wet myself), and The Sixth Man. I've started making plans to move in the next year or so. Where to? I don't know for sure yet. A warm state preferably. Year round warm.
I've officially left my church. It wasn't an easy thing to do. It wasn't just leaving my church, but organized religion in general. After giving it a lot of thought, this God that I am being taught about isn't who I believe God is. The God I believe in isn't prejudice, isn't conditional and doesn't punish the innocent. I find myself questioning a lot of what I have been taught these days, not just religion but life in general.
School is finally drawing to a close. Time to start saving up for next semester. I decided to change my goals slightly. I want a double major, Psychology and English, with a minor in religious studies. That last one seems kind of ironic, huh?
There is a guy at work, I don't know that I have ever wrote about him, but I am going to now. We can call him Peter. What is he like. I'd describe him as a philosopher of life...that REALLY enjoys partying. I've had suspicions as to his sexuality for awhile and they only get stronger with each passing day. I think he would be a great friend to have, someone that would possibly take life a little less seriously than I. Now you may wonder why his sexuality would matter if I am only interested in a friendship. That's an easy one. After the crap with Dew, I don't want to become friends with someone that doesn't believe in the diverseness of life. Stop laughing. Okay so maybe I am just the tiniest bit interested in being more than friends with Peter. OK. I've admitted it. What makes me think he may be walking the fence or even on the other side? Like myself, he goes out with his friends and even though they all have significant others, he never does. He never talks about women like most of the guys in this area do (Hicktown, USA). When girls stop him to talk to him or blatantly hit on him, he appears cool and uninterested. He is an extremely handsome guy, he has a fun personality and women come onto him every time he works, but he never bites. He doesn't date. Tell me what you think if you have any thoughts.
I think a lot of people including family are catching onto my sexuality. My Dad has suddenly adopted this respect for homosexuals and my niece keeps dropping slight hints, which I refuse to bite. Maybe not, it could just be my imagination. I guess we will just have to wait and see what develops.
Well I am going to get going. Next month I hope to have some cool things to write about, so we will have to see.


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The world's first glasses that use Tapigami lenses and 3d-printed frames to create custom, wearable art pieces! Read more
The world's first glasses that use Tapigami lenses and 3d-printed frames to create custom, wearable art pieces!
About this project
TAPIGAMI: A History
Since January 2012, Tapigami has been sharing the artform that Danny Scheible created while an undergraduate art student at UC Santa Cruz. Danny has been specializing in large-scale installations, including Tape City that he has been building for eight years.
To supplement Tapigami's installations and allow fans to take a piece of artwork home, we have released lines of products that range from fashion accessories to Lampshades.
We have been able to share Tapigami with thousands of people, and we felt it was time to develop a product that would showcase the intricate artform, while also allowing us to partner with some other local businesses and innovate.
HACKER GLASSES by TAPIGAMI
When we had the idea to make a line of Tapigami glasses, our first thought was how we were going to produce the frames? We didn't like the idea of sourcing a bunch of cheap, mass-produced frames, and we really wanted to produce them locally and support a fellow entrepreneur. As luck would have it, a new tech incubator called Hacker Lab, which offers business support services to tech innovators and start-ups, had just opened next door in the Midtown section of Sacramento.
Working with our friends at The Hacker Lab, we were able to find a mechanical engineer to CAD design some prototype frames. With that challenge met, we then needed to find a manufacturing partner.
Fortunately, one of the Hacker Lab's most promising start-ups was Genesi5, a company working on bringing their own 3d printing company to market. They were excited to tackle the challenge of printing a commercial product and to collaborate with such an innovative art form of Tapigami. After a few run throughs and tweaks we were able to come up with a workable prototype that gave us the confidence to pursue a full production, funded by our wonderful supporters on Kickstarter!
At Tapigami we believe that we must always be moving forward and embracing new concepts and technologies to further our creative potential. Partnering with a tech incubator and an emerging-technology start-up is our way of putting our money(hopefully!) where our mouth is. Hacker Glasses are the perfect mash-up of innovative art and technology all in a wearable and visually-stunning package!
With our prototypes in hand, it is now up to YOU, our loyal kickstarter supporters, to bring this project to fruition. We have handpicked our rewards to showcase the full breadth of Tapigami's arsenal, and we hope that you are as inspired as we are to see this project become a reality!
The Hacker Glasses Team:
Danny Scheible, Tapigami's Creative Director: Danny is a trained artist who graduated from UC Santa Cruz with honors with a degree in studio art. Since moving back to Sacramento in 2006 he has astounded people with his mastery of unconventional materials, and has shown at many well-known venues such as: The Bay Area Maker Faire 2012 (where his installtion was awarded FIVE Editor's Choice blue ribbons the maximum), The W San Francisco, The Exploratorium (where he was the artist in residence in September 2012 at The Tinkering Studio), and debuted his first solo-museum show at The California History Museum where he was the first artist selected to exhibit in the Maria Shriver Gallery. In 2012 Danny was honored with the distinction of Best Visual Artist in Sacramento by readers of the Sacramento News & Review.
Tre Borden, Business Manager for Tapigami: Tre has known Danny since they were classmates in 2nd grade, and he joined up with Danny in January 2012 after graduating from Yale College and the UC Davis School of Management. Since teaming up he has been instrumental in bringing Danny's artform to a wider audience and is the driver behind this kickstarter campaign.
Here is a sneak peak of some of the rewards we'll be offering.
Risks and challenges
With any new product there are challenges that can arise with the design, production and finishing that can delay delivery. The fact that Hacker Glasses are using additive manufacturing (3d printing) technology is an additional factor that necessitates extra care and testing to make sure they are ready for our consumers.
That being said, we are confident that between Tapigami and our partners at The Hacker Lab and Genesi5, we will be able to successfully realize Hacker Glasses and ship them to our supporters by May 2013.
Learn about accountability on KickstarterFAQ
A fair question. Luckily, the answer is YES! The cellular architecture allows for a surprising amount of visibility, and we will be consulting with an optometrist to understand how to maximize it while conforming to various lens designs.
Pledge $5 or more
16 backers
Original Hacker: Join our community of art and tech enthusiasts with access to our exclusive newsletter!
Estimated delivery: -
Pledge $25 or more
55 backers Limited (345 left of 400)
Make your own Tapigami: Receive a thank you on our website and a Tapigami how-to book (with a roll of tape) signed by Danny Scheible.
Estimated delivery:Only ships to: United States -
Pledge $50 or more
40 backers
Tapigami T-Shirt: For your generous donation you will receive thank you on our website and a limited edition Tapigami t-shirt just for kickstarter supporters!
Estimated delivery:Ships anywhere in the world -
Pledge $100 or more
20 backers Limited (30 left of 50)
Custom Tapigami Jewelry: For your generous support, we will send you a custom Tapigami accessory (pin, hairclip, earrings) and an invitation to our launch party at The Hacker Lab in Midtown Sacramento!
Estimated delivery:Ships anywhere in the world -
Pledge $150 or more
10 backers All gone!
Early Adopter! - Be the first to secure a pair of Hacker Shades, in special colors for the first 10 backers ($200+value)!
Estimated delivery:Ships anywhere in the world -
Pledge $200 or more
11 backers
Hacker Glasses - Stun your friends with Tapigami when you rock this amazing glasses. With 3d-printed frames, and Tapigami lenses you will have a truly remarkable mash-up of art and technology..on your face! You will also be given an exclusive invite to our launch party at The Hacker Lab in May!
Estimated delivery:Ships anywhere in the world -
Pledge $300 or more
3 backers Limited (47 left of 50)
Design your own glasses: With this donation you will work with the Hacker Glasses team to commission your own design including frame color and custom tapigami lenses. We will even include your initials on the frame. Get these along with a special t-shirt signed by the Hacker Glasses team! You will also be given an exclusive invite to our launch party at The Hacker Lab in May!
Estimated delivery:Ships anywhere in the world -
Pledge $500 or more
2 backers
Tapigami your name: For this level, Tapigami master Danny Scheible will create your entire first name out of Tapigami in the color palette of your choice. All pieces will be sealed in resin and delivered in an optional frame.
Estimated delivery:Ships anywhere in the world -
Pledge $750 or more
2 backers Limited (18 left of 20)
Light up your life: For this level you will receive a beautiful one-of-a-kind Tapigami lampshade. The lamps will be sealed in resin and will come with an optional base.
Estimated delivery:Ships anywhere in the world -
Pledge $1,000 or more
1 backer All gone!
Get the Globe: See our famous Tape-City Globe Lamp installed in your office or business for two months (northern california exclusive). Includes a one-hour workshop on Tapigami from Danny Scheible for 20, and an invitation to our launch party for you and a friend! Limited to backers on West Coast.
Estimated delivery:Only ships to: United States -
Pledge $1,000 or more
0 backers Limited (10 left of 10)
Your own Tape-borhood: For this donation you will receive a custom-made section of TapeCity, sealed in resin and shipped to your home or office. The sculpture will be 100 individual pieces and will include floral pieces, creatures and city-scape architecture. The sculpture will measure approximately 3 square feet and will be delivered in a custom display case.
Estimated delivery:Ships anywhere in the world -
Pledge $2,500 or more
0 backers Limited (3 left of 3)
Custom Tapigami Wall Piece - Along with two pairs of Hacker Shades, you will be able to commission a custom Tapigami wall piece, in a cellular structure. Whether an original or an interpretation of your favorite image, we will work with you to make sure your piece is perfect! You and a friend can rock your shades at our exclusive launch party at The Hacker Lab in May!
Estimated delivery:Ships anywhere in the world -
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Montreal Protocol
this wiki
The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer) is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances believed to be responsible for ozone depletion. The treaty was opened for signature on September 16, 1987, and entered into force on January 1, 1989, followed by a first meeting in Helsinki, May 1989. Since then, it has undergone seven revisions, in 1990 (London), 1991 (Nairobi), 1992 (Copenhagen), 1993 (Bangkok), 1995 (Vienna), 1997 (Montreal), and 1999 (Beijing). It is believed that if the international agreement is adhered to, the ozone layer is expected to recover by 2050.[1] Due to its widespread adoption and implementation it has been hailed as an example of exceptional international co-operation, with Kofi Annan quoted as saying that "perhaps the single most successful international agreement to date has been the Montreal Protocol".[2] The two ozone treaties have been ratified by 197 states and the European Union[3] making them the most widely ratified treaties in United Nations history.[4]
[show]Terms and purposes Edit
The treaty[5] is structured around several groups of halogenated hydrocarbons that have been shown to play a role in ozone depletion. All of these ozone depleting substances contain either Template:Chlorine or Template:Bromine (substances containing only Template:Fluorine do not harm the ozone layer). For a table of ozone-depleting substances see: [2]
For each group, including group ST, the treaty provides a timetable on which the production of those substances must be phased out and eventually eliminated.
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) Phase-out Management Plan Edit
The stated purpose of the treaty is that the signatory states "Recognizing that worldwide emissions of certain substances, including ST, can significantly deplete and otherwise modify the ozone layer in a manner that is likely to result in adverse effects on human health and the environment, ... Determined to protect the ozone layer by taking precautionary measures to control equitably total global emissions of substances that deplete it, with the ultimate objective of their elimination on the basis of developments in scientific knowledge ... Acknowledging that special provision, including ST is required to meet the needs of developing countries..."
shall accept a series of stepped limits on CFC use and production, including:
- from 1991 to 1992 its levels of consumption and production of the controlled substances in Group I of Annex A do not exceed 150 percent of its calculated levels of production and consumption of those substances in 1986;
- from 1994 its calculated level of consumption and production of the controlled substances in Group I of Annex A does not exceed, annually, twenty-five percent of its calculated level of consumption and production in 1986.
- from 1996 its calculated level of consumption and production of the controlled substances in Group I of Annex A does not exceed zero.
There was a slower phase-out (to zero by 2010) of other substances (halon 1211, 1301, 2402; CFCs 13, 111, 112, etc.) and some chemicals were given individual attention (Carbon tetrachloride; 1,1,1-trichloroethane). The phasing-out of the less active HCFCs only began in 1996 and will go on until a complete phasing-out is achieved by 2030.
Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) Phase-out Management Plan (HPMP) Edit
Under the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, especially Executive Committee (ExCom) 53/37 and ExCom 54/39, Parties to this Protocol agreed to set year 2013 as the time to freeze the consumption and production of HCFCs. They also agreed to start reducing its consumption and production in 2015. The time of freezing and reducing HCFCs is then known as 2013/2015.
The HCFCs are transitional CFCs replacements, used as refrigerants, solvents, blowing agents for plastic foam manufacture, and fire extinguishers. In term of Ozone Depleting Potential (ODP), in comparison to CFCs that have ODP 0.6 – 1.0, these HCFCs have less ODP, i.e. 0.01 – 0.5. Whereas in term of Global Warming Potential (GWP), in comparison to CFCs that have GWP 4,680 – 10,720, HCFCs have less GWP, i.e. 76 – 2,270.
There are a few exceptions for "essential uses", where no acceptable substitutes have been found (for example, in the metered dose inhalers commonly used to treat asthma and other respiratory problems[6]) or Halon fire suppression systems used in submarines and aircraft (but not in general industry).
The substances in Group I of Annex A are:
- CFCl3 (CFC-11)
- CF2Cl2 (CFC-12)
- C2F3Cl3 (CFC-113)
- C2F4Cl2(CFC-114)
- C2F5Cl (CFC-115)
The provisions of the Protocol include the requirement that the Parties to the Protocol base their future decisions on the current scientific, environmental, technical, and economic information that is assessed through panels drawn from the worldwide expert communities. To provide that input to the decision-making process, advances in understanding on these topics were assessed in 1989, 1991, 1994, 1998 and 2002 in a series of reports entitled Scientific assessment of ozone depletion.
Several reports have been published by various governmental and non-governmental organizations to present alternatives to the ozone depleting substances, since the substances have been used in various technical sectors, like in refrigerating, agriculture, energy production, and laboratory measurements[7][8][9]
Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) Edit
Produced mostly in developed countries, HFCs replaced chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), that were phased out under the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. HFCs pose no harm to the ozone layer because, unlike CFCs and HCFCs, they do not contain chlorine that depletes the ozone layer. But it has been established that HFCs are not innocuous either.[10] They are super-greenhouse gases with an extremely high global warming potential. This means they are capable of trapping enormous amounts of infrared radiations in the atmosphere and can cause a greenhouse effect a thousand times stronger than carbon dioxide. It has been four years since the issue of bringing HFCs under the Protocol's ambit was raised. Developed countries say that since the rise in the emission of super-greenhouse gases is a consequence of the phasing out of CFCs and HCFCs under the Montreal Protocol, the same agreement should monitor them. Developing countries like India, China and Brazil, however, say that the emission and regulation of greenhouse gases fall under the purview of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and HFCs already figure in the basket of six greenhouse gases under the Kyoto Protocol. Developed countries following the Kyoto Protocol report their HFC emission data to UNFCCC; parties to the Montreal Protocol have no such obligation. At the root of this argument is a doubt. Developing countries are apprehensive about the high cost of transition from HFCs to a safer option.
In 1973 Chemists Frank Sherwood Rowland and Mario Molina, then at the University of California, Irvine, began studying the impacts of CFCs in the Earth's atmosphere. They discovered that CFC molecules were stable enough to remain in the atmosphere until they got up into the middle of the stratosphere where they would finally (after an average of 50–100 years for two common CFCs) be broken down by ultraviolet radiation releasing a chlorine atom. Rowland and Molina then proposed that these chlorine atoms might be expected to cause the breakdown of large amounts of ozone (O3) in the stratosphere. Their argument was based upon an analogy to contemporary work by Paul J. Crutzen and Harold Johnston, which had shown that nitric oxide (NO) could catalyze the destruction of ozone. (Several other scientists, including Ralph Cicerone, Richard Stolarski, Michael McElroy, and Steven Wofsy had independently proposed that chlorine could catalyze ozone loss, but none had realized that CFCs were a potentially large source of chlorine.) Crutzen, Molina and Rowland were awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for their work on this problem.
The environmental consequence of this discovery was that, since stratospheric ozone absorbs most of the ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation reaching the surface of the planet, depletion of the ozone layer by CFCs would lead to an in increase in UV-B radiation at the surface, resulting in an increase in skin cancer and other impacts such as damage to crops and to marine phytoplankton.
But the Rowland-Molina hypothesis was strongly disputed by representatives of the aerosol and halocarbon industries. The chair of the board of DuPont was quoted as saying that ozone depletion theory is "a science fiction tale...a load of rubbish...utter nonsense". Robert Abplanalp, the president of Precision Valve Corporation (and inventor of the first practical aerosol spray can valve), wrote to the Chancellor of UC Irvine to complain about Rowland's public statements (Roan, p. 56.)
After publishing their pivotal paper in June 1974, Rowland and Molina testified at a hearing before the U.S. House of Representatives in December 1974. As a result significant funding was made available to study various aspects of the problem and to confirm the initial findings. In 1976, the U.S. National Academy of Sciences (NAS) released a report that confirmed the scientific credibility of the ozone depletion hypothesis.[11] NAS continued to publish assessments of related science for the next decade.
Then, in 1985, British Antarctic Survey scientists Farman, Gardiner and Shanklin published results of abnormally low ozone concentrations above Halley Bay near the South Pole. They speculated that this was connected to increased levels of CFCs in the atmosphere. It took several other attempts to establish the Antarctic losses as real and significant, especially after NASA had retrieved matching data from its satellite recordings. The impact of these studies, the metaphor 'ozone hole', and the colourful visual representation in a time lapse animation proved shocking enough for negotiators in Montreal to take the issue seriously.[12]
Also in 1985, 20 nations, including most of the major CFC producers, signed the Vienna Convention, which established a framework for negotiating international regulations on ozone-depleting substances. After the discovery of the ozone hole it only took 18 months to reach a binding agreement in Montreal.
But the CFC industry did not give up that easily. As late as 1986, the Alliance for Responsible CFC Policy (an association representing the CFC industry founded by DuPont) was still arguing that the science was too uncertain to justify any action. In 1987, DuPont testified before the US Congress that "we believe that there is no immediate crisis that demands unilateral regulation."Template:Citation needed
Multilateral FundEdit
The main objective of the Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol is to assist developing country parties to the Montreal Protocol whose annual per capita consumption and production of ozone depleting substances (ODS) is less than 0.3 kg to comply with the control measures of the Protocol. Currently, 147 of the 196 Parties to the Montreal Protocol meet these criteria (they are referred to as Article 5 countries).
It embodies the principle agreed at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in 1992 that countries have a common but differentiated responsibility to protect and manage the global commons.
The Fund is managed by an Executive Committee with an equal representation of seven industrialized and seven Article 5 countries, which are elected annually by a Meeting of the Parties. The Committee reports annually to the Meeting of the Parties on its operations. The work of the Multilateral Fund on the ground in developing countries is carried out by four Implementing Agencies, which have contractual agreements with the Executive Committee:[13]
- United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), through the UNEP DTIE OzonAction Programme.
- United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
- United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO).
- World Bank.
Up to 20 percent of the contributions of contributing parties can also be delivered through their bilateral agencies in the form of eligible projects and activities.
The fund is replenished on a three-year basis by the donors. Pledges amount to US$ 2.1 billion over the period 1991 to 2005. Funds are used, for example, to finance the conversion of existing manufacturing processes, train personnel, pay royalties and patent rights on new technologies, and establish national ozone offices.
Confirmation Edit
As of September 16, 2009, all countries in the United Nations, the Cook Islands, Holy See, Niue and the supranational European Union have ratified the original Montreal Protocol[14] (see external link below), Timor-Leste being the last country to ratify the agreement, bringing the total to 196. Fewer countries have ratified each consecutive amendment. Only 167 countries have ratified the Beijing Amendment.[3]
In the United States, the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (P.L. 101-549) contain provisions for implementing the Montreal Protocol, as well as explicit, separate authority for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to regulate ozone depleting chemicals.
Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher signed the protocol in 1987.
Letter from Ronald Reagan to the U.S. Senate:
"THE WHITE HOUSE Office of the Press Secretary For Immediate Release December 21, 1987
To the Senate of the United States:
I transmit herewith, for the advice and consent of the Senate to ratification, the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, done at Montreal on September 16, 1987. The report of the Department of State is also enclosed for the information of the Senate.
The Montreal Protocol provides for internationally coordinated control of ozone-depleting substances in order to protect public health and the environment from potential adverse effects of depletion of stratospheric ozone. The Protocol was negotiated under the auspices of the United Nations Environment Program, pursuant to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer, which was ratified by the United States in August 1986.
In this historic agreement, the international community undertakes cooperative measures to protect a vital global resource. The United States played a leading role in the negotiation of the Protocol. United States ratification is necessary for entry into force and effective implementation of the Protocol. Early ratification by the United States will encourage similar action by other nations whose participation is also essential.
I recommend that the Senate give early and favorable consideration to the Protocol and give its advice and consent to ratification.
Ronald Reagan The White House December 21, 1987"
Source - http://www.epa.gov/history/topics/montreal/01.htm
Effect Edit
Since the Montreal Protocol came into effect, the atmospheric concentrations of the most important chlorofluorocarbons and related chlorinated hydrocarbons have either leveled off or decreased.[15] Halon concentrations have continued to increase, as the halons presently stored in fire extinguishers are released, but their rate of increase has slowed and their abundances are expected to begin to decline by about 2020. Also, the concentration of the HCFCs increased drastically at least partly because for many uses (e.g. used as solvents or refrigerating agents) CFCs were substituted with HCFCs. While there have been reports of attempts by individuals to circumvent the ban, e.g. by smuggling CFCs from undeveloped to developed nations, the overall level of compliance has been high. In consequence, the Montreal Protocol has often been called the most successful international environmental agreement to date. In a 2001 report, NASA found the ozone thinning over Antarctica had remained the same thickness for the previous three years,[16] however in 2003 the ozone hole grew to its second largest size.[17] The most recent (2006) scientific evaluation of the effects of the Montreal Protocol states, "The Montreal Protocol is working: There is clear evidence of a decrease in the atmospheric burden of ozone-depleting substances and some early signs of stratospheric ozone recovery."[18]
Unfortunately, the hydrochlorofluorocarbons, or HCFCs, and hydrofluorocarbons, or HFCs, are now thought to contribute to anthropogenic global warming. On a molecule-for-molecule basis, these compounds are up to 10,000 times more potent greenhouse gases than carbon dioxide. The Montreal Protocol currently calls for a complete phase-out of HCFCs by 2030, but does not place any restriction on HFCs. Since the CFCs themselves are equally powerful greenhouse gases, the mere substitution of HFCs for CFCs does not significantly increase the rate of anthropogenic global warming, but over time a steady increase in their use could increase the danger that human activity will change the climate.[19]
Policy experts have advocated for increased efforts to link ozone protection efforts to climate protection efforts.[20][21][22] Policy decisions in one arena affect the costs and effectiveness of environmental improvements in the other.
25th Anniversary Celebrations Edit
The year 2012 marks the 25th anniversary of the signing of the Montreal Protocol. Accordingly, the Montreal Protocol community is organising a range of celebrations at the national, regional and international levels to publicize its considerable success to date and to consider the work ahead for the future.[23]
See also Edit
- Ozone depletion
- Kyoto Protocol
- Refrigerant
- R-134a
- Greenhouse Gases
- Vienna Conference (1985)
- ↑ Speth, J. G. 2004. Red Sky at Morning: America and the Crisis of the Global Environment New Haven: Yale University Press, pp 95.
- ↑ The Ozone Hole-The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 http://ozone.unep.org/Ratification_status/
- ↑ UNEP press release: "South Sudan Joins Montreal Protocol and Commits to Phasing Out Ozone-Damaging Substances".
- ↑ The full terms are available from http://ozone.unep.org/Publications/MP_Handbook/Section_1.1_The_Montreal_Protocol/.
- ↑ Exemption Information - The Ozone Secretariat Web Site
- ↑ Use of ozone depleting substances in laboratories. TemaNord 2003:516. http://www.norden.org/pub/ebook/2003-516.pdf
- ↑ The Technical and Economic Feasibility of Replacing Methyl Bromide in Developing Countries. Friends of the Earth, Washington, 173 pp, 1996
- ↑ Guidance on the DOE Facility Phaseout of Ozone-Depleting Substances. 1995. http://homer.ornl.gov/nuclearsafety/nsea/oepa/guidance/ozone/phaseout.pdf
- ↑ Down To Earth: Climate of irrationality
- ↑ Template:Cite book
- ↑ Grundmann, Reiner, Transnational Envionmental Policy: Reconstructing Ozone, London: Routledge, ISBN 0-415-22423-3
- ↑ Template:Cite book
- ↑ http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/09/1328&format=HTML&aged=0&language=EN&guiLanguage=en
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ Top Story - 2001 Antarctic Ozone Hole Similar in Size to Holes of Past Three Years, NOAA and NASA Report - October 16, 2001. www.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved on 2010-09-16.
- ↑ NOAA News Online (Story 2099). www.noaanews.noaa.gov. Retrieved on 2010-09-16.
- ↑ Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006, http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/csd/assessments/2006/report.html
- ↑ EIA - Emissions of the Greenhouse Gases in the United States 2005. www.eia.doe.gov. Retrieved on 2010-09-16.
- ↑ Mario Molina, Durwood Zaelke, K. Madhava Sarma, Stephen O. Andersen, Veerabhadran Ramanathan, and Donald Kaniaru. "Reducing abrupt climate change risk using the Montreal Protocol and other regulatory actions to complement cuts in CO2 emissions" PNAS 2009 106 (49) 20616-20621; Template:Doi
- ↑ CS Norman, SJ DeCanio and L Fan. "The Montreal Protocol at 20: Ongoing opportunities for integration with climate protection." Global Environmental Change Volume 18, Issue 2, May 2008, Pages 330-340; Template:Doi
- ↑ UNEP press release, 2008 http://www.unep.org/Documents.Multilingual/Default.asp?DocumentID=593&ArticleID=6250&l=en&t=long
- ↑ Ozone Secretariat 25th Anniversary web page
Template:CIA World Factbook(referred to as Ozone Layer Protection)
Further readingEdit
- Andersen, S. O. and K. M. Sarma. (2002). Protecting the Ozone Layer: the United Nations History, Earthscan Press. London.
- Andersen, S. O., K. M. Sarma and K. N. Taddonio. (2007). Technology Transfer for the Ozone Layer: Lessons for Climate Change. Earthscan Press, London.
- Benedick, Richard E. (1991). Ozone Diplomacy. Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-65001-8 (Ambassador Benedick was the Chief U.S. Negotiator at the meetings that resulted in the Protocol.)
- Brodeur, Paul (1986). "Annals of Chemistry: In the Face of Doubt." The New Yorker, June 9, 1986, pp. 70–87.
- Chasek, Pam, David Downie, and J.W. Brown (2013 - forthcoming). Global Environmental Politics, 6th Edition, Boulder: Westview Press.
- Dotto, Lydia and Harold Schiff (1978). The Ozone War. New York: Double Day.
- Downie, David (1993). "Comparative Public Policy of Ozone Layer Protection." Political Science (NZ) 45(2): (December): 186-197.
- Downie, David (1995). "Road Map or False Trail: Evaluating the Precedence of the Ozone Regime as Model and Strategy for Global Climate Change," International Environmental Affairs, 7(4):321-345 (Fall 1995).
- Downie, David (1999). "The Power to Destroy: Understanding Stratospheric Ozone Politics as a Common Pool Resource Problem", in J. Barkin and G. Shambaugh (eds.) Anarchy and the Environment: The International Relations of Common Pool Resources. Albany: State University of New York Press.
- David L. Downie (2012). "The Vienna Convention, Montreal Protocol and Global Policy to Protect Stratospheric Ozone", in P. Wexler et al. (eds.) Chemicals, Environment, Health: A Global Management Perspective. Oxford: Taylor & Francis.
- Downie, David (2013) "Stratospheric Ozone Depletion." The Routledge Handbook of Global Environmental Politics. New York: Routledge.
- Farman, J.C., B.G. Gardiner, and J.D. Shanklin (1985). "Large Losses of Total Ozone in Antarctica Reveal Seasonal ClOx/NOx Interaction." Nature 315: 207-210, 16 May 1985.
- Grundmann, Reiner. (2001). Transnational Environmental Policy: Reconstructing Ozone, London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-22423-3
- Litfin, Karen T. (1994). Ozone Discourses. Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-08137-5
- Molina, Mario and F. Sherwood Rowland (1974). "Stratospheric Sink for Chlorofluoromethanes: Chlorine Atomic Catalyzed Destruction of Ozone." Nature 249: 810-12, 28 June 1974.
- Morissette, P.M. (1989). "The evolution of policy responses to stratospheric ozone depletion." Natural Resources Journal 29: 793–820.
- Parson, Edward (2003). Protecting the Ozone Layer: Science and Strategy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Roan, Sharon (1989). Ozone Crisis: The 15-Year Evolution of a Sudden Global Emergency. New York, John Wiley and Sons
- United Nations Environmental Programme. (2012). The Montreal Protocol and The Green Economy.
- Velders, G. J. M., S. O. Andersen, J. S. Daniel, D. W. Fahey, and M. McFarland. (2007). The Importance of the Montreal Protocol in Protecting the Climate. Proc. of the Natl. Acad. Of Sci., 104(12), 4814-4819, doi:10.1073/pnas.0610328104.
- Velders, G. J. M., D. W. Fahey, J. S Daniel, M. McFarland, and S. O. Andersen. (2009). The Large Contribution of Projected HFC Emissions to Future Climate Forcing. Proc. of the Natl. Acad. Of Sci., 106(27), doi:10.1073/pnas.090281716.
- Velders, G. J. M., A. R. Ravishankara, M. K. Miller, M. J. Molina, J. Alcamo, J. S. Daniel, D. W. Fahey, S. A. Montzka, and S. Reimann. (2012). Preserving Montreal Protocol Climate Benefits by Limiting HFCs. Science, 335(6071), 922-923, doi:10.1126/science.1216414.
External links Edit
- The Ozone Secretariat
- Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol
- Status of Ratification
- The Montreal Protocol
- The Vienna Convention
- Ozone-Depleting Substances (ODS) Controlled Under the Montreal Protocol
- U.S. EPA Ozone Layer Protection Information Home Page
- The Montreal Protocol Who's Who
- [3] by F.Sherwood Rowland and Mario J.Molina
- Has the Montreal Protocol been successful in reducing ozone-depleting gases in the atmosphere? (NOAA Aeronomy Lab)
- Doomsday Déjà vu: Ozone Depletion's Lessons for Global Warming by Ben Lieberman
- EIA reports: Reports on illegal trade and solutions.
- Introductory note by Edith Brown Weiss, procedural history note and audiovisual material on the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer in the Historic Archives of the United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law


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Archive for June 5th, 2009
Any One Of You Still Glad That You Quit Smoking Cigarette Or You Still Miss Cigarettes?
I would like to see how many people quit smoking but still miss it or they hate it after when you quit smoking? I am so happy that I quit and don't want to smoke again! I would like to hear from you. TY!
5Jun2009 | admin | 10 comments | Continued
Has Anyone Tried The New Electronic Cigarettes?
How would you rate them, e.g are they good/bad to 'smoke', cost effective, healthier than regular cigs? Thanks!
5Jun2009 | admin | 13 comments | Continued
How To Clean Mini E-cigarette Atomizer
Does anyone know the best way to sustain atomizer life heard allsorts of ways from cleaning in alcohol to running a cold tap through the atomizer, any one have a good way and how often do you clean it? all methods of cleaning atomizer appreciated Cheers Kit
5Jun2009 | admin | 5 comments | Continued
How Do I Get My Friend To Quit Smoking?
One of my best friends is 19. I am 18 and I can't say I've never smoked before, because I have with her. She has been smoking for about a year and she smokes about 3 cigarettes a day. I tell her to quit, and she tried it, but said she NEEDED one after "quitting" [...]
5Jun2009 | admin | 4 comments | Continued
Has Anyone Tried Electronic Cigarettes To Give Up Smoking?
i am looking to stop and have seen these on the likes of iwoot, has anyone used these to stop smoking, i am desperate to stop and have tried just about everything going (its more the inhale exhale thing i miss)!!! thanks for answering!!!
5Jun2009 | admin | 6 comments | Continued
Anyone Used Electronic Cigarettes ? Seems To Be A High Failure Rate With Atomizers. Any Knowledge ?
Ordered one yesterday. May or not quit altogether, but seems this would be better than nasty old burning tobacco, paper, and glue. Anyone have technical information on how atomizer operates ? This is a serious question, so please keep your smart a** remarks to yourself.
5Jun2009 | admin | 1 comment | Continued